text:
Muir, John
Our National Parks
by John Muir
University of Wisconsin Press, 1981
Library of Congress Classification E160.M95 1981
Dewey Decimal Classification 917.3
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE
Our National Parks is a guidebook supreme, an exciting introduction to Yosemite and several other magnificent parks by the man who, more than any other person, helped to create them. After this fast-paced trip with Muir, past visitors to the parks will want to revisit them with new insights, and those who have never wandered these trails will not rest until they have done so.
The book, long out of print, was originally published in 1901, its ten essays having previously appeared as articles in the Atlantic Monthly. Muir wrote them with a single purpose—to entice people, by his descriptions, to come to the parks, to see and enjoy them. If enough people did so, reasoned Muir, they would surely love the wilderness as he did, and the parks would be preserved.
Muir carried out his public relations mission with remarkable success. Every page of this book carries his unbridled and irresistible enthusiasm. Our National Parks is part reminiscence, part philosophy, and mostly enticing description. It is all vintage Muir.
Although the book treats Yellowstone, Sequoia, General Grant, and other national parks of the Western U.S., Muir devotes the bulk of the work to his first love—Yosemite, settled into the heart of the Sierra Nevada. Indeed, six of the book's chapters are devoted to Yosemite, treating the forests, wild gardens, fountains and streams, animals, and birds of the park. The concluding essay is an impassioned plea to save American forests.
All visitors to the great western national parks—and all who will one day visit them—will be captivated by Muir's descriptions. The grandeur of this wilderness is reflected in the very spirit of John Muir. Both shine through every page of this remarkable book.
John Muir (1838–1914) was a naturalist, author, and an advocate of wilderness preservation. He was the founder of the Sierra Club, and was influential in the creation of many national parks, including Yosemite. He has written many books, including Letters from Alaska, The Story of My Boyhood and Youth, and The Yosemite, which were printed by the University of Wisconsin Press.
See other books on: Muir, John | National parks and reserves | Nature | Our National Parks | United States
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The rectus abdominis, a long muscle extending along the length of the ventral aspect of the abdomen. It originates in the area of the pubis and inserts into the cartilage of the fifth, sixth and seventh ribs.
The external obliques (obliques externus abdominis), muscles at each side of the torso attached to the lower eight ribs and inserting at the side of the pelvis.
The intercostals, two thin planes of muscular and tendon fibers occupying the spaces between the ribs.


text:
Insecure work 'scandal'
Agency workers ripped off by exploitative contracts
Ryan Fletcher, Friday, May 4th, 2018
During the last few weeks numerous stories about insecure workers – whether those working for agencies, on zero-hour contracts or toiling under bogus self-employment – being ripped off or losing their jobs have emerged.
These individual examples of vulnerable work or downright exploitation serve to highlight a scandal of national proportions that is shamefully being ignored by the government.
Since 2010, the number of agency workers in the UK has increased from 600,000 to 800,000, according to research by the Resolution Foundation.
Meanwhile, the number of self-employed workers increased from 3.25m in 2001 to 4.7m in 2016 – with unions estimating that around half a million are bogusly self-employed – even as zero hour contracts rose from 1.6m in 2016 to 1.7m in 2017.
The spread of insecure employment practices is robbing people of steady work, hard-won employment rights and the ability to manage financially and plan for the future.
They also deprive the government of £4bn a year in tax revenues – more than a quarter of the social care budget.
The recent slew of examples of workers losing out because of their precarious employment status shows that insecure work is spread right across the labour market.
'Two-tier workforce'
In mid-April, Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) announced that 1,000 agency workers at its Solihull plant will lose their jobs because of a slump in car sales.
While JLR is an employer with a heavily unionised workforce that pays its agency workers the same as its permanent staff, the losses highlight the precariousness of temporary workers regardless of the firm or sector they are employed in.
Yesterday (May 3), Unite members working on Staffline Recruitment Limited contracts at the Pirelli Tyres site in Carlisle began balloting over low pay and the deterioration of workers' terms and conditions.
The union said Pirelli's use of Staffline has created a "two tier workforce" that has left many agency staff on a "contract for services", meaning they are effectively on zero hour agency contracts with virtually no employment protection.
The ballot followed revelations that a group of joiners in Skegness had been left more than £15,000 out of pocket by a shady umbrella agency and that the lowest paid workers on some of London's most prestigious construction sites have more than £20 a week deducted from their wages by pay roll companies.
At the same time, Sports Direct filed a complaint accusing former MP Iain Wright, who led a parliamentary enquiry into the retailer's employment practises, of impartiality because he received a donation from Unite.
MPs concluded that owner Mike Ashley ran Sports Direct like a "Victorian workhouse" and treated its zero-hour and agency staff, many of whom had been paid less than the minimum wage, "without dignity or respect".
Unite head of media Alex Flynn tweeted that Ashley "would do better to keep his promises on zero hours and weaning Sports Direct off the use of exploitative agency contracts at Shirebrook rather than picking at a two year scab".
Additionally, gig economy company Hermes – which is facing a tribunal this week to decide if its self-employed couriers are in fact employees – has come under fire for allegedly "supplying information to HMRC that is untrue and which offers an inaccurate representation of the couriers' employment relationship with the company."
Commenting on the rise of insecure work, Unite assistant general secretary Steve Tuner said, "In recent years we have seen an acceleration in the race to the bottom on our pay and working conditions, with companies finding increasingly creative ways of taking advantage of loopholes in our employment rights and tax system.
"We should be closing the loopholes, strengthening trade union and employment rights positively and, through an investment-not-cuts economic policy, creating and growing decent jobs in this country."
Bringing back fairness to work
Zero-hours contracts down
'Short-sighted decisions'
← No escape
'Summer of disruption' →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: I want to save file name as 1.jpg 2.jpg... 10.jpg my problem is when I save image from line bot messenger they see each event and then work so I count number of file in directory(where I save image) and I want image name as
1.jpg
2.jpg
3.jpg
if($typeMessage=='image'){
$responseMedia = $bot->getMessageContent($idMessage);
$dataBinary = $responseMedia->getRawBody();
$files = scandir($botDataUserFolder);
$num_files = count($files)-2;
$filenamesave = $num_files.'.'.jpg;
file_put_contents($fileFullSavePath,$dataBinary);
}

please let me know what wrong with this code? I still save image as 0.jpg or 1.jpg and they overwrite on the old file

A: Problem with you code that you make count($files)-2;
But in php function "scandir" you will always receive back additionally dots directories(current dir and parent dir).
By first call count($files)-2 will return 0 and you system will create 0.jpg
Try this code, it will automatically skip dots using FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS:
$save_path = "/tmp/dir_to_save";

$filesystem_iterator = new FilesystemIterator($save_path,
FilesystemIterator::SKIP_DOTS);
$number_of_files = iterator_count($filesystem_iterator);

$filename_save = ($number_of_files + 1) . '.jpg';
file_put_contents($save_path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $filename_save, "binary file data");

You will need to adapt it a little bit for you method, but it works correctly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Niagara Frontier Regional Camera Clubs (NFRCC) were established to be a unique bi-national photographic organization whose members include both amateur and professional photographers. The NFRCC is made up of 18 individual camera and photography clubs, in Western NY, Pa and Southern Ontario Canada. Some of these clubs belong to the Canadian Association of Photographic Arts (CAPA) and/or the Photographic Society of America (PSA).
Established in 1957, the NFRCC encompasses the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario, Western New York and Pennsylvania, thus making it truly an International Organization. The NFRCC has sponsored a yearly convention for 58 years. Originally known as the "NFRRC Spring Convention", in 2014 the name was changed to Can Am Photo Expo. The purpose of Niagara Frontier Regional Camera Clubs is to help its members improve their photographic skills through lectures, workshops, conventions and competitions. Visitors are welcome at NO COST to drop in at any of the club meetings.
Learn how to be a better photographer, no matter what your skill set, we have programs for three levels of photographic expertise, from beginner to advanced.
The CanAm Photo Expo will be held at the Buffalo Grand Hotel, Buffalo, NY, formerly known as the Adam's Mark Hotel. A world Class Venue for an experience of lifetime.


Whether you're an informed connoisseur, an amateur collector, or an art lover, join us for fascinating and informative discussions with the Festival of Arts exhibitors at our "Art Talks and Tea" on Wednesdays from 12noon – 1pm, sponsored by Gelsons. In celebration of the Festival's 85th anniversary and as a nod to the first art show, the Festival is adding tea for patrons to enjoy while artists talk about their inspiration, history, and careers in art.
Kicking off the Art Talk and Tea series is a special conversation with Festival of Arts Board President Fred Sattler and Jay Bauer of BAUER Architects on Wednesday, July 12. "New Digs" will include their personal stories working on the historic renovation of the Festival grounds as well as challenges faced and obstacles overcome. Bauer will give insight into the design and use of sustainable materials and share early architectural renderings of the site.
Festival Board President Fred Sattler and Architect Jay Bauer discuss the newly debuted Festival grounds.
Exhibits Director Ron Morrissette is joined by a group of artists and staff whose had previous careers with Disney and what led them to the Festival of Arts.
A panel of exhibitors discuss using childhood games and toys in their still life artwork.
A group of artists share how they portray the female figure in their different art styles and mediums.
Long-time exhibitor Vinita Voogd leads a group of printmakers in discussing their chosen medium.
The week after the popular Festival Runway Fashion Show, the participating artists will discuss their designs and allow people to get up close to the Runway looks.
Director Diane Challis Davy discusses the artistry behind the scenes of the Pageant of the Masters.


THIS VEHICLE IS LOCATED AT BIRMINGHAM LUXURY MOTORS *HOOVER* 1850 SOUTHPARK DRIVE HOOVER, AL 35244 . A favorite among drivers and critics alike, our 2016 Honda Accord LX Sedan in White Orchid Pearl is the intelligent choice! Motivated by a proven 2.4 Liter 4 Cylinder this machine generates 185hp while connected to a seamless CVT. Our Front Wheel Drive Sedan scores nearly 35mpg on the highway while providing a smooth and responsive drive that continues to earn awards year after year! The sophisticated and refined contours of our Accord Sedan LX are beautifully enhanced by a distinct grille and LED taillights. The high-quality interior offers ample passenger space and comfort for all with supportive seats, dual zone automatic climate control, full power accessories, and a prominent high resolution infotainment display. It's easy to stay safely connected thanks to Bluetooth phone and audio, SMS text message function, and a terrific sound system with CD, auxiliary audio jack, and Pandora compatibility. Our Honda Accord Sedan received top safety scores thanks in part to advanced compatibility engineering body structure, a multi-angle rearview camera, vehicle stability assist with traction control and other advanced safety features. With a sterling reputation for reliability, security, performance and classic style, our Accord Sedan is most certainly a wise choice! Print this page and call us Now... We Know You Will Enjoy Your Test Drive Towards Ownership!
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text:
Former head of the IMF – Dominique Strauss-Kahn: A victim of foreign intelligence agencies?
Dominique Strauss-Kahn (2009) / wikimedia *
"On April 3rd, 2011 Strauss-Kahn stated that "Washington consensus" favorable for the U.S. economic system has collapsed. The head of the IMF called on the world to abandon the U.S. dollar as the global reserve currency. Of course, such statements could not please the American establishment. A month later, the American police accused Strauss-Kahn of rape and detained him. Sex scandals are a favorite weapon of the Americans in the political struggle." – Sergei Vasilenkov (emphasis added)
Dominique Strauss-Kahn: Rapist or raped?
by Sergei Vasilenkov
Dominique Strauss-Kahn is surrounded by rumors. The influential head of no less influential IMF has been accused of raping a maid in a hotel in the U.S. followed by the accusations of organizing an underground network of sex services. But the charges were later dropped. So who is he, Dominique Strauss-Kahn – a dangerous offender or a victim of foreign intelligence agencies?
The investigation of the case against the former head of the International Monetary Fund Dominique Strauss-Kahn may be finished for lack of evidence. Prosecutors of Lille city on June 4th 2013 in a draft document drawn up on the basis of the investigation recommended acquitting the suspect of all the charges.
This document was submitted to the Prosecutor General of Douai leading the investigation. In the coming days, he is to examine the arguments of Lille prosecutor's office and decide the fate of the case. The final conclusions will be expected next week.
The scandal involving prostitution in Lille upscale hotel "Carlton" broke out late last year. French police intercepted correspondence between Mr. Strauss-Kahn and an arrested pimp. The former French presidential candidate was accused of using the services of prostitutes and being a regular participant in scandalous parties in Lille, Paris, Washington and other major cities. The investigators suspected that Dominique Strauss-Kahn was involved in the organization of the underground network of sexual services.
Dominique Strauss-Kahn fully denied the allegations. Several businessmen, government officials and high-ranking police officer were arrested under the "Carleton case." The women were taken from Lille to Paris, where they took part in orgies that allegedly were visited by Strauss-Kahn. This crime is punishable by a prison term of up to seven years and a large fine. However, the investigation did not produce evidence against the former head of the IMF.
A year earlier, Dominique Strauss-Kahn was involved in another high-profile case that also fell apart. However, the main objectives were achieved, and he withdrew his candidacy from the presidential elections and stepped down as head of the IMF.
In 2011, Strauss-Kahn was going to participate in the presidential elections in France. The head of the IMF was considered the main favorite in the race for the presidential seat. The position of Nicolas Sarkozy was weak at the time. However, Dominique Strauss-Kahn did not get a chance to win. In May of 2011, he was accused of raping a maid at Sofitel New York, a 32-year-old immigrant from Guinea Nafissatu Diallo. A scandal broke out. Strauss-Kahn had to resign as head of the IMF, and withdraw from the election.
However, investigators were unable to prove that the official was guilty. Perhaps, this was not even necessary. Most importantly, the court showdown buried the political career of Mr. Strauss-Kahn, and he was caught up in unnecessary litigation. Later, a French writer Tristan Banon also accused the former head of the IMF of rape, but did not succeed in proving his fault.
Numerous questions remain in the case of rape, but it is worthy of note that security services around the world consider an attempted rape to be the easiest way to discredit a person.
Details of the rape story look rather strange. This fact leaves only one feeling – Dominique Strauss-Kahn was framed. But by whom? Let us analyze.
A report prepared by the American police described that the accused rushed to the room where the maid was cleaning, dragged her into the bedroom, and threw her on the bed. She escaped, but he caught her in the bathroom, locked the door with a key and forced her to perform oral sex. This sounds like a scene from a low-grade movie and not an excerpt from a police report describing the attack by the head of IMF on a dark-skinned maid of Sofitel.
It sounds bizarre, but the police said that after satisfying his needs, the official left the hotel, leaving his cell phone in the room. He called the hotel from the airport and asked whether they found his phone. Would he do it if he indeed committed a crime? After all, had Strauss-Kahn not told the hotel security that he was in the airport he would have quietly flown to France where he would be inaccessible to the American police. A couple of minutes before take-off Strauss-Kahn was removed from the flight and sent to jail, where he was treated like a notorious criminal.
These events occurred a month before Strauss-Kahn was supposed to announce his intention to run for presidency. The socialist was considered the main favorite of the race and had all the chances to become the master of the Elysee Palace. However, this did not happen. He was released on bail only after he refused to run for presidency. Many experts immediately realized that Dominique Strauss-Kahn was a victim of a well-planned political conspiracy. According to the polls held at the time, 67 percent of the French thought so. But who planned it all?
The French still remember an incident that took place in 2009 at the summit of G20 in Pittsburgh. Then, Strauss-Kahn faced Sarkozy in the bathroom and said that he was sick and tired of his shameless interference in his private life and various threats to publish compromising documents and photos. He added that he knew who initiated the dirty campaign against him and urged Sarkozy to stop.
According to experts, Dominique Strauss-Kahn broke his tacit agreement with Sarkozy who nominated his candidacy for the head of the IMF, hoping that out of gratitude he would not take part in French politics. Then it was a beautiful and clever move on Sarkozy's part as he got rid of a serious opponent.
Therefore, the fact that Sarkozy took part in the farce against Strauss-Kahn causes no doubt. He always had the ability to eliminate political opponents. However, could Sarkozy handle the task on his own?
On April 3rd, 2011 Strauss-Kahn stated that "Washington consensus" favorable for the U.S. economic system has collapsed. The head of the IMF called on the world to abandon the U.S. dollar as the global reserve currency. Of course, such statements could not please the American establishment. A month later, the American police accused Strauss-Kahn of rape and detained him. Sex scandals are a favorite weapon of the Americans in the political struggle. Such scandals are treated with scrutiny in the United States. Their organization is easy, as secret services agents are taught this in the first classes of intelligence schools.
The United States also did not like the forecasts of the then head of the IMF Dominique Strauss-Kahn. According to him, in 2016 China's GDP would reach 18.2 trillion dollars, while the U.S. GDP will be only 18.06 trillion. Simply put, Strauss-Kahn predicted that China would move the United States and will become the economic leader not in 2040, as promised earlier, but 24 years earlier.
Such statements on the backdrop of the Chinese-American confrontation and the ever-increasing U.S. debt have turned out to be very painful. The United States had to show Dominique Strauss-Kahn his place and shut him up. Blaming a loving Frenchman of rape was easy. Moreover, in France, the idea was readily supported by President Sarkozy. In addition, Washington was not interested in the change of the French leadership. After all, Sarkozy was nicknamed "Sarko-American" for his pronounced Atlantic course. Dominique Strauss-Kahn was not that agreeable, and it was decided to eliminate the uncomfortable politician for a while. U.S. intelligence agencies have done their job well.
Senior officials are not accused of mortal sins without reason. One should always try to answer who benefits from it.
Source: http://english.pravda.ru/world/europe/11-06-2013/124805-Dominique_Strauss_Kahn-0/
Read the original in Russian
* Image reference:
Dominique Strauss-Kahn, International Monetary Fund's Managing Director, prior to the start of their G-7 meeting at the Istanbul Congress Center, 3 October 2009 – by IMF Staff Photo/Stephen Jaffe. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
*** More articles and videos from CanadaNewsLibre HERE !
Disclaimer: The views expressed in this article are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of CanadaNewsLibre. The contents of this article are of sole responsibility of the author(s). CanadaNewsLibre will not be responsible or liable for any inaccurate or incorrect statements. The CNL grants permission to cross-post original CanadaNewsLibre articles and videos on community internet sites as long as the text & title are not modified. The source and the author's copyright must be displayed. canadanewslibre.com may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available to our readers under the provisions of "fair use" in an effort to advance a better understanding of political, economic and social issues. The material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving it for research and educational purposes. If you wish to use copyrighted material for purposes other than "fair use" you must request permission from the copyright owner.
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This entry was posted in Finance and Economics, Geopolitics and tagged France, IMF, presidential elections, Sarkozy, sex scandal, Strauss-Kahn by cnlib. Bookmark the permalink.
1 thought on "Former head of the IMF – Dominique Strauss-Kahn: A victim of foreign intelligence agencies?"
Rick Adam on 2013/06/12 at 18:53 said:
Though uncertain of who was actually behind it I realized long ago that this was standard operating procedure used by powerful people to rid themselves of those proposing policies deemed against their own self interest.


text:
Rocafuerte ist eine Ortschaft und eine Parroquia rural ("ländliches Kirchspiel") im Kanton Rioverde der ecuadorianischen Provinz Esmeraldas. Die Parroquia besitzt eine Fläche von 123,7 km². Die Einwohnerzahl lag im Jahr 2010 bei 5488.

Lage
Die Parroquia Rocafuerte liegt im Küstentiefland im Nordwesten von Ecuador. Das Verwaltungsgebiet besitzt eine Längsausdehnung in Nord-Süd-Richtung von 23 km. Es weist einen 5,5 km langen Küstenstreifen am Pazifischen Ozean auf. Die Parroquia erstreckt sich über das mittlere und untere Einzugsgebiet des Río Mate, ein Zufluss des Pazifischen Ozeans. Der Hauptort Rocafuerte befindet sich an der Meeresküste 4,5 km ostsüdöstlich vom Kantonshauptort Rioverde an der Fernstraße E15 (Esmeraldas–San Lorenzo).

Die Parroquia Rocafuerte grenzt im Osten an die Parroquia Montalvo, im Südwesten an die Parroquia Chontaduro sowie im Nordwesten an die Parroquia Rioverde.

Geschichte
Die Gründung der Parroquia Rocafuerte im Kanton Esmeraldas wurde am 27. August 1955 im Registro Oficial N° 906 bekannt gemacht und damit wirksam. 1996 wurde die Parroquia dem neu geschaffenen Kanton Rioverde zugeschlagen.

Weblinks
 Bevölkerungsstatistik bei www.citypopulation.de

Parroquia in der Provinz Esmeraldas
Gegründet 1955
Ort in Ecuador
Ort in Südamerika

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Pygopleurus aleppensis är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Rudolph Petrovitz 1957. Pygopleurus aleppensis ingår i släktet Pygopleurus och familjen Glaphyridae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Skalbaggar
aleppensis


text:
Tuesday Capital teams up with design powerhouse Frog to grab startups' attention — and keep it – TechCrunch
by Solutionist | Feb 11, 2020 | Technology
In a day and age when everyone seems to have their own seed-stage venture fund, it's hard to stand out. But Tuesday Capital, the San Francisco-based outfit formerly known as CrunchFund, thinks it has found a way. Today, the firm announced a new partner in Frog, the renowned design firm whose past clients include the headset maker Oculus, among countless others.
The partnership dates back nearly four years. It was then that Tuesday's cofounder and managing partner Pat Gallagher was introduced to FrogVentures, the design firm's investment incubator.
P.J. Gunsagar, the CEO of one of Tuesday's portfolio companies, KidAptive, had hired Frog to help this company–an online adaptive learning program for children — design a portal that parents could use to see how their children were progressing. Wowed with what they came up — Gunsager believes it helped KidAptive land its Series B round — he suggested that Gallager meet with Ethan Imboden, a former designer and the Frog division's head.
It was apparently a match. In fact, soon after the two connected, Tuesday rebranded from CrunchFund. "They helped us with our own branding and to navigate around a lot of confusion" tied to the venture firm's earliest connection to both TechCrunch and Crunchbase. (All three companies were cofounded by entrepreneur and investor Michael Arrington, who has since moved on to form Arrington XRP Capital.)
Says Gallagher, "We were incredibly impressed with the quality of the marketing folks and the technologists and the branding folks," whose suggestion tied to the belief that Tuesday is the most productive day of the week.
Before long, Gallagher and Imboden were sharing their networks and their deal flow. Now, out of that organic collaboration, the new partnership has been more formally imagined.
How it will work exactly: early-stage ventures will be eligible to receive investment from Tuesday Capital to engage Frog, giving the startups the option of covering the cost of their design projects with equity. Ostensibly, by making it easier for partners to access Frog's services — which include brand, product, go-to-market strategies, digital product and connected hardware design — they'll get to market faster and be stronger when they get there.
To cement the deal, Tuesday purchased a share of FrogVentures's venture portfolio — it now owns stakes formerly owned by Frog in eight companies — and Frog committed to become one of the largest limited partners in Tuesday's current (fourth) fund so that it continues to get upside from those companies and future Tuesday startups with which it consults. Imboden is also now a venture partner with Tuesday, sitting in all all of the firm's partner calls and "integrating himself into our workflow," says Gallagher. "When we talk about new investments, he's now part of those conversations."
Considering Frog's past client list, that could prove a powerful perspective for Tuesday to have around the table.
Of course, Tuesday still has to battle its way to get the attention of top founders who are getting pulled in all directions by investors, both new and old. But the firm, typically writes initial checks of between $250,000 and $500,000, suddenly has a a lot more to offer. "We've always tried to be additive to investor syndicates. We help with PR and media and content services." Now, it can provide access to Frog, too.
It could certainly tip more deals in its direction. "If you need access to design services, if you need to talk with an industrial designer for a couple of hours, if you want an all-day seminar [alongside other portfolio companies]" Frog, with its vested interest in Tuesday, will be there, he says.
Photo, courtesy of Frog.


This is a podcast for people who build coworking communities.
EP7 - Fractals, Adulthood, Trust (and Tentacles): The Stack is Back w/Vanessa Gennarelli!
If you're joining us for the first time, this is a show where you get to be a fly on the wall for a very candid conversation between people with lots of different community building expertise - ranging from community management in a coworking space to building massive online learning communities.
My goal is to help you learn how my guests and I connect the dots, solve problems, and understand the communities around us.
We're kicking off the first show of the year with the return of The Stack, a style of episode we debuted back in episode 3.
That also means that today I'm joined again by learning community researcher, Indy Hall member, and dear friend Vanessa Gennarelli.
Like we did in the last episode of The Stack, Vanessa and I navigate our way through a "stack" of three topics that we've chosen ahead of time….but that aren't related in any obvious way.
And of course since this is the coworking weekly show, we tie those topics back to practical examples in coworking and community building.
As always, we find ourselves in some unexpected places. This week, that includes fractals, tentacles, and the Philadelphia Mummers.
Yep. Let's get to the stack.
p.s. Vanessa included this note along with the links she sent along for the show notes below, and I thought it'd be worth including here: "Maybe it's not narcissism that I check as I get older, but understanding my own inability to forecast how things will change..."
To build a strong community, stop "community managing", be a Tummler instead.
Kruger, J., & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of personality and social psychology, 77(6), 1121.
Stanford DSchool "I Like I Wish What If"
Dan Gilbert "You are always changing" TED talk "...probably has to do with the ease of remembering versus the difficulty of imagining."
Subscribe to CoworkingWeekly emails to get future episodes first (and more from behind the scenes) in your inbox.


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The EPA has orderd a massive dredging of the Hudson River to remove PCBs, a move that could cost the General Electric Co., generally thought to be responsible for the pollution, more than $500 million.
The Bush Administration is proceeding with a major cleanup of the Hudson River, a move which could cost General Electric - thought to be responsible for years of PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls) contamination in the river - in excess of $500 million. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has forwarded the Record of Decision (ROD) to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) for its review.
The ROD calls for dredging an estimated 2.65 million cubic yards from a 40-mile section of the river to remove approximately 150,000 pounds of PCBs. The PCBs were deposited over a 30-year period from two General Electric plants in Fort Edward and Hudson Falls, N.Y., which manufactured electric capacitors.
EPA has ordered GE to pay for the dredging, which is one of the largest ever undertaken in the United States.
A 200-mile portion of the Hudson River was declared a Superfund site in 1984 because of the widespread PCB contamination. PCBs bio-accumulate in fish and pose potential cancer and other health risks to people who eat the fish.
"We are going ahead with this important cleanup," EPA Administrator Christie Whitman said yesterday. "We will do so with a continuing open process that will involve all parties. The affected communities also will have the opportunity to comment on all siting issues."
Environmental groups, such as the Natural Resources Defense Council, have been critical of the Bush Administration''s environmental policies, praised the decision.
"We know that GE tried its best to derail the cleanup plan and it appears they almost succeeded," said Frances Beinecke, NRDC executive director. "But despite GE''s ceaseless lobbying and the millions it spent to fight the cleanup, it appears that GE will now be held accountable.
"We thank EPA Administrator Christine Todd Whitman for doing the right thing and making the cleanup plan final. And we thank Governor Pataki and all those who encouraged Mrs. Whitman to stick to her guns," Beinecke concluded.
As announced in August, the cleanup plan will include several performance standards. Two standards - those for air quality and noise - are included in the ROD, consistent with state and federal law.
The rest of the performance standards, which will include resuspension and production rates during dredging, will be developed with public input and in consultation with the state and federal natural resource trustees. In addition, EPA will monitor PCB levels in fish and restoration of aquatic vegetation.
Because of the complexity of the scientific issues, these performance standards will be developed over approximately a 12-month period from the date of the signing of the ROD, during the first part of the design phase of the project.
The performance standards will be enforceable, based on objective environmental and scientific criteria. The purpose of the standards is to promote accountability and ensure that the cleanup meets the human and environmental protection objectives of the ROD.
"These enforceable performance standards, which will be based on objective environmental and scientific criteria, will promote accountability and ensure the cleanup meets the human and environmental protection objectives of the ROD," said Whitman.
Before these performance standards are finalized, EPA will ask an independent scientific peer review panel to evaluate them.
After the NYSDEC completes its three-week review and submits its comments, Region 2 will consider them and make appropriate changes to the ROD, which could be finalized in January.
Riverkeeper, an organization that was founded in the early 1980s to be a public advocate for the Hudson River, posted a statement on its Web site (www.riverkeeper.org) that says in part, "In making this decision, the EPA recognized that PCBs are dangerous to human health and the environment; that the Hudson River is not cleaning itself of the PCBs dumped into the Upper Hudson by the General Electric Company; and that PCB removal is necessary to allow the river to recover." The group says it supports the EPA decision but adds, "The battle is not over yet. GE''s teams of high-paid lobbyists and attorneys continue their efforts to gut this nation''s environmental laws and specifically, to get GE out of the mess it created on the Hudson."
If GE challenges EPA''s order to dredge the Hudson River, the agency could proceed with the cleanup and charge the company as much as triple the actual cost of the cleanup.


text:
Oxyuranus temporalis,  taipán central  o  taipán de distribución central  es una especie de taipán (Oxyuranus), una serpiente grande, rápida, y posiblemente altamente venenosa de Australasia, que fue descripta en 2007 por los investigadores australianos Paul Doughty, Brad Maryan, Stephen Donnellan y Mark Hutchinson.  Fue llamada una de las cinco nuevas especies top de 2007 por el International Institute for Species Exploration (IISE) de la Universidad Estatal de Arizona.

Descubrimiento

El Dr Mark Hutchinson, curador de reptiles y anfibios en el Museo Sud Australiano,  capturó un taipán hembra inmaduro mientras estaba cruzando un camino de tierra en una tarde soleada.

La serpiente tenía cerca de un metro de largo pero debido a que los taipanes están entre las serpientes más venenosos del mundo, Hutchinson no inspeccionó al animal en el sitio. El  empaquetó la serpiente y la envió, junto con otros especímenes capturados en la travesía, al Museo de Australia Occidental en Perth para una inspección más profunda.

Esta es la primera especie nueva de taipán en ser descubierta en 125 años.  No fue sino hasta dos semanas después en que la nueva especie fue estudiada.

En un principio fue tentativamente identificada como una serpiente marrón occidental a causa de su tamaño y coloración similares. Sin embargo, varias semanas más tarde, el mánager de colección de reptiles del Museo WA,  Brad Maryan informó que la serpiente preservada tenía una cabeza amplia y pálida similar al taipán de la costa.

El holotipo, apodado "Scully" por el personaje de la serie de televisión  Los expedientes secretos X , es una serpiente inmadura de aproximadamente un metro de longitud, lo cual significa que los científicos no saben cual es el verdadero tamaño de la serpiente adulta, aunque algunos taipanes pueden alcanzar longitudes de cerca de tres metros.

Nueva especie

Oxyuranus temporalis difiere de las otras dos especies del género: Oxyuranus scutellatus y Oxyuranus microlepidotus por carecer una escama temporolabial y por tener seis y no siete escamas infralabiales. El análisis filogenético de secuencias de ADN mitocondrial mostró que es una especie hermana de las dos especies previamente conocidas de taipanes.

El taipán de distribución central o Oxyuranus temporalis probablemente sea extremadamente venenosa dado su cercano parentesco con las otras dos especies.  Al ser conocida la nueva especie a partir de un único espécimen es muy poco lo que se conoce de su historia natural, y nada de su veneno.

La nueva especie fue descripta en 2007 por los investigadores australianos  Paul Doughty, Brad Maryan, Stephen Donnellan and Mark Hutchinson.  Fue nombrada una de las nuevas cinco especies top de 2007 por el International Institute for Species Exploration (IISE) en la Universidad Estatal de Arizona.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 The Top 10 New Species of 2007
 Distribution Map of Central Ranges Taipan
 ASU International Institute for Species Exploration

temporalis
Reptiles de Australia
Fauna endémica de Australia
Especies descritas en 2007


text:
package com.consol.citrus.dsl.runner;

import com.consol.citrus.TestCase;
import com.consol.citrus.actions.PurgeEndpointAction;
import com.consol.citrus.container.SequenceAfterTest;
import com.consol.citrus.container.SequenceBeforeTest;
import com.consol.citrus.context.TestContext;
import com.consol.citrus.dsl.builder.BuilderSupport;
import com.consol.citrus.dsl.builder.PurgeEndpointsBuilder;
import com.consol.citrus.endpoint.Endpoint;
import com.consol.citrus.exceptions.ActionTimeoutException;
import com.consol.citrus.messaging.Consumer;
import com.consol.citrus.messaging.SelectiveConsumer;
import com.consol.citrus.report.TestActionListeners;
import com.consol.citrus.testng.AbstractTestNGUnitTest;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import java.util.HashMap;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

/**
 * @author Christoph Deppisch
 * @since 2.3
 */
public class PurgeEndpointTestRunnerTest extends AbstractTestNGUnitTest {

    private Endpoint endpoint1 = Mockito.mock(Endpoint.class);
    private Endpoint endpoint2 = Mockito.mock(Endpoint.class);
    private Endpoint endpoint3 = Mockito.mock(Endpoint.class);
    private Endpoint endpoint4 = Mockito.mock(Endpoint.class);

    private Consumer consumer = Mockito.mock(Consumer.class);
    private SelectiveConsumer selectiveConsumer = Mockito.mock(SelectiveConsumer.class);

    private ApplicationContext applicationContextMock = Mockito.mock(ApplicationContext.class);

    @Test
    public void testPurgeEndpointsBuilderWithEndpoints() {
        reset(endpoint1, endpoint2, endpoint3, endpoint4, consumer, selectiveConsumer);

        when(endpoint1.getName()).thenReturn("e1");
        when(endpoint2.getName()).thenReturn("e2");
        when(endpoint3.getName()).thenReturn("e3");

        when(endpoint1.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);
        when(endpoint2.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);
        when(endpoint3.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);

        doThrow(new ActionTimeoutException()).when(consumer).receive(any(TestContext.class), eq(100L));

        MockTestRunner builder = new MockTestRunner(getClass().getSimpleName(), applicationContext, context) {
            @Override
            public void execute() {
                purgeEndpoints(new BuilderSupport<PurgeEndpointsBuilder>() {
                    @Override
                    public void configure(PurgeEndpointsBuilder builder) {
                        builder.endpoints(endpoint1, endpoint2)
                                .endpoint(endpoint3);
                    }
                });
            }
        };

        TestCase test = builder.getTestCase();
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActionCount(), 1);
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActions().get(0).getClass(), PurgeEndpointAction.class);
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActions().get(0).getName(), "purge-endpoint");

        PurgeEndpointAction action = (PurgeEndpointAction) test.getActions().get(0);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpoints().size(), 3);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpoints().toString(), "[" + endpoint1.toString() + ", " + endpoint2.toString() + ", " + endpoint3.toString() + "]");
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getMessageSelector().size(), 0);
        Assert.assertNull(action.getMessageSelectorString());

    }

    @Test
    public void testPurgeEndpointBuilderWithNames() {
        reset(applicationContextMock, endpoint1, endpoint2, endpoint3, endpoint4, consumer, selectiveConsumer);

        when(applicationContextMock.getBean(TestContext.class)).thenReturn(applicationContext.getBean(TestContext.class));
        when(applicationContextMock.getBean(TestActionListeners.class)).thenReturn(new TestActionListeners());
        when(applicationContextMock.getBeansOfType(SequenceBeforeTest.class)).thenReturn(new HashMap<String, SequenceBeforeTest>());
        when(applicationContextMock.getBeansOfType(SequenceAfterTest.class)).thenReturn(new HashMap<String, SequenceAfterTest>());

        when(endpoint1.getName()).thenReturn("e1");
        when(endpoint2.getName()).thenReturn("e2");
        when(endpoint3.getName()).thenReturn("e3");
        when(endpoint4.getName()).thenReturn("e4");

        when(endpoint1.createConsumer()).thenReturn(selectiveConsumer);
        when(endpoint2.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);
        when(endpoint3.createConsumer()).thenReturn(selectiveConsumer);
        when(endpoint4.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);

        when(applicationContextMock.getBean("e1", Endpoint.class)).thenReturn(endpoint1);
        when(applicationContextMock.getBean("e2", Endpoint.class)).thenReturn(endpoint2);
        when(applicationContextMock.getBean("e3", Endpoint.class)).thenReturn(endpoint3);
        when(applicationContextMock.getBean("e4", Endpoint.class)).thenReturn(endpoint4);

        doThrow(new ActionTimeoutException()).when(consumer).receive(any(TestContext.class), eq(100L));
        doThrow(new ActionTimeoutException()).when(selectiveConsumer).receive(eq("operation = 'sayHello'"), any(TestContext.class), eq(100L));

        MockTestRunner builder = new MockTestRunner(getClass().getSimpleName(), applicationContextMock, context) {
            @Override
            public void execute() {
                purgeEndpoints(new BuilderSupport<PurgeEndpointsBuilder>() {
                    @Override
                    public void configure(PurgeEndpointsBuilder builder) {
                        builder.endpointNames("e1", "e2", "e3")
                                .endpoint("e4")
                                .selector("operation = 'sayHello'");
                    }
                });
            }
        };

        TestCase test = builder.getTestCase();
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActionCount(), 1);
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActions().get(0).getClass(), PurgeEndpointAction.class);

        PurgeEndpointAction action = (PurgeEndpointAction) test.getActions().get(0);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpointNames().size(), 4);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpointNames().toString(), "[e1, e2, e3, e4]");
        Assert.assertTrue(action.getBeanFactory() instanceof ApplicationContext);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getMessageSelector().size(), 0);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getMessageSelectorString(), "operation = 'sayHello'");

    }

    @Test
    public void testCustomEndpointResolver() {
        reset(applicationContextMock, endpoint1, consumer, selectiveConsumer);

        when(applicationContextMock.getBean(TestContext.class)).thenReturn(applicationContext.getBean(TestContext.class));
        when(applicationContextMock.getBean(TestActionListeners.class)).thenReturn(new TestActionListeners());
        when(applicationContextMock.getBeansOfType(SequenceBeforeTest.class)).thenReturn(new HashMap<String, SequenceBeforeTest>());
        when(applicationContextMock.getBeansOfType(SequenceAfterTest.class)).thenReturn(new HashMap<String, SequenceAfterTest>());

        when(endpoint1.getName()).thenReturn("e1");
        when(endpoint1.createConsumer()).thenReturn(consumer);

        when(applicationContextMock.getBean("e1", Endpoint.class)).thenReturn(endpoint1);
        doThrow(new ActionTimeoutException()).when(consumer).receive(any(TestContext.class), eq(100L));

        MockTestRunner builder = new MockTestRunner(getClass().getSimpleName(), applicationContextMock, context) {
            @Override
            public void execute() {
                purgeEndpoints(new BuilderSupport<PurgeEndpointsBuilder>() {
                    @Override
                    public void configure(PurgeEndpointsBuilder builder) {
                        builder.endpoint("e1")
                                .withApplicationContext(applicationContextMock);
                    }
                });
            }
        };

        TestCase test = builder.getTestCase();
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActionCount(), 1);
        Assert.assertEquals(test.getActions().get(0).getClass(), PurgeEndpointAction.class);

        PurgeEndpointAction action = (PurgeEndpointAction) test.getActions().get(0);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpointNames().size(), 1);
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getEndpointNames().toString(), "[e1]");
        Assert.assertNotNull(action.getBeanFactory());
        Assert.assertEquals(action.getBeanFactory(), applicationContextMock);

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Heinrich Lang (München, 1810 – Bécs, 1859. október 30.) német festő és rajzoló.

Életútja

A müncheni művészeti akadémián végezte tanulmányait, majd 1850-ben Bécsbe költözött és itt dolgozott. 1854 és 1856 között az Osztrák Művészegyletben (Österreichischer Kunstverein) kiállítást rendezett akvarelljeiből és ceruzarajzaiból.

Képeiből

 Önarckép, akvarell, 1840
 Vázlatkönyv portrékkal, 1841-48
 Blick vom Donaukanal gegen das Rotenturntor, tollrajz, 1850 körül
 Das Neutor, ceruzarajz, 1850
 Dominikanerkirche, akvarellesített ceruzarajz, 1850
 Das Stockhaus bei Neutor am Salzgries, akvarell, 1858
 Tájkép, akvarell
 Badeni villa, olaj

Források
 Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815-1950 Online-Edition 4. kötet, 440-441. oldal

Német festők
Müncheniek
Bécsiek
1810-ben született személyek
1859-ben elhunyt személyek


text:
Campus / Featured / Media / News / Video / November 5, 2015
Undocumented students end their silence
Lady Lira stood in silence as she listened to her fellow Knox students discuss the legalities of immigration during a training session for Orientation Week. As her peers shared their perspectives on the controversial subject, Lira's stomach twisted into a nervous knot.
"All illegal immigrants are criminals and should be deported," the moderator of the exercise said, prompting students to either walk to the "agree" side of the room or the "disagree" side.
As students dispersed, a wave of memories rushed over the Knox junior. She remembered her mother leaving her with her grandmother when she was three and pretending to sleep in the backseat of a car at age 11 next to her 12-year-old cousin Kenia Reyes, while a woman posing as their mother failed to persuade the border officials to let them through.
She could still remember crying during the interrogations with border agents, the second unsuccessful crossing, and then she and her cousin wading across a small river during their third crossing attempt into the United States, praying after her feet hit solid ground on the other side, not recognizing her mother after being reunited after eight years, adjusting to her new life, learning English, making honor roll and moving to Galesburg to attend Knox College.
Now, standing inside Taylor Lounge watching her peers divide around her, Lira felt her hands sweat and start to shake. A single question seized her mind: "Should I tell them?"
Junior Lady Lira smiles with her step-father Randal Bolz, who graduated from Knox in 1995, during the Homecoming Football game Saturday, Oct. 17. Bolz was excited for Lira to attend his alma mater. Lira is one of three Knox students who came out as undocumented this fall. (Photo courtesy of Lady Lira)
That question is being echoed in the minds of undocumented students across the country as national movements aimed to reduce the secrecy around those with undocumented status gain momentum. This fall, three Knox students publicly revealed their statuses on campus, but while the students feel it's time to "come out," the administration lacks relevant information about undocumented students at Knox, including a list of the students within that population.
Last year, MEChA de Knox, a chapter of the National Chicago of Movimiento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztl‡n (MEChA), a political organization promoting Chicano rights, went to the MEChA conference in Chicago, where they heard a speaker whose message would change the course of the group at Knox.
Lira was struck immediately by undocumented youth activist Maria Gonzalez's openness about her undocumented status, which she mentioned when introducing herself. "I was tearing up and I'm like, 'Lady, don't cry, don't cry.' And I'm just like, 'She said it. Why can't I say it?'"
Gonzalez has started conversations about undocumented students on many campuses around Chicago. In April 2014, she hosted a Coming Out of the Shadows event at the Illinois Institute of Technology as part of the Chicago-based Coming out of the Shadows movement that hosts rallies where undocumented immigrants can share their stories publicly.
When MEChA de Knox heard Gonzalez speak at the 2015 MEChA nationals, the group knew they wanted her to give a presentation at Knox. She agreed.
On Sept. 24, 2015, a small audience of students joined members of MEChA at Kresge Recital Hall to learn about the politically charged issue. For MEChA members junior Clara Torres and sophomore Karla Medina, the night was a personal milestone.
Sophomore Karla Medina participates in MEChA's "Fight 4 15" protest in Chicago. (Photo courtesy of Karla Medina)
"At one point I was crying just because what she had to say really connected," Medina, Secretary of MEChA, said. "It's what I had been living through."
Near the end of her talk, Gonzalez shared with the audience that there are undocumented students on the Knox campus and urged the majority to be considerate of their feelings, needs and requests for help. Torres and Medina recognized that in that moment, Gonzalez's words took on a stronger relevance to the audience.
"Me and Clara kind of looked at each other and that was the moment like, 'Yes, we're going to come out now,'" Medina said. They rose from their seats, joined Gonzalez in front of the stage, faced the audience and revealed their statuses to their peers.
"It was more people than I have ever even told individually," Medina said. "I don't regret it. I don't."
Although the specific moment was unplanned, Torres and Medina had been thinking about revealing their undocumented status on campus long before Gonzalez came to Knox this fall.
"Since the end of last year, we were thinking of having a 'coming out of the shadows' event after we both saw Maria Gonzalez speak at the end of our national MEChA conference," Medina said. "Since then, it's always been in the back of our minds to come out and say, 'Yes, we are undocumented. Yes, we are here on campus.'"
Knox has admitted undocumented students for over a decade, but despite the long-held policy, the college has no public stance on its policy on the website, which prospective students often use as a resource.
According to Charles Clark, the Chief Institutional Research Officer of Knox, undocumented students are not tracked in official reporting systems of the college and therefore cannot be separated out from the population to analyze retention rates, enrollment or other general indicators of the well-being of the student population.
"It's not like we keep a running database of who the undocumented students are. A few of us have an understanding," Lori Schroeder, Associate Dean of the College, said. "There is a sensitivity around their status … We don't want the idea that there's a list of people we're watching that may feel uncomfortable with the idea that we're watching them."
Determining these statistics wouldn't require a lot of data-gathering.
"Because the numbers are so small, it wouldn't be hard to start tracking that," Schroeder said.
Off the cuff, Dean of Admission Paul Steenis estimates that Knox has admitted 17 undocumented students over the past four years.
The closest statistics the school has on retention data for undocumented students is from the class of 2015. According to Schroeder, of the seven undocumented students who entered with the class in 2011, three withdrew from the college and four graduated last spring.
Tracking the numbers of undocumented students could help calculate their overall population and retention rates at Knox, statistics that are widely used among students when applying to schools.
Despite there being no federal law prohibiting any college or university from admitting undocumented students, there are schools that choose not to. Making that distinction between schools is an important and often unclear part of the application process for undocumented students.
Left to right: Sophomore Karla Medina, senior Gracie Trevino, activist Maria Gonzalez and junior Clara Torres pose in the MEChA house during Gonzalez's visit to Knox. (Photo courtesy of Karla Medina)
The college application process is a difficult process for undocumented students that can burn out even the most motivated, said Susan Bell, Executive Director of the organization College Bound Opportunities, a selective program Medina was admitted to that helps students apply to and find scholarships for college.
"It's just harder for undocumented students to find the schools that are going to be financially friendly to them," said Bell. "You have to search for the information, so you have to go on everybody's financial aid website for assistance and see if they make a statement there. Some do, most don't."
According to Steenis, most of the work Knox does with undocumented students is done through various networks such as community-based organizations and high schools. Outside of these networks, the fact that Knox accepts undocumented students isn't advertised.
"We don't tend to specifically promote it or push it on our website," Steenis said.
The hardest part of sending undocumented students to college isn't the application process, it's the financial aid.
Organizations like College Bound Opportunities work to fill the gap between financial aid and the remainder of tuition left to pay. This gap is often larger for undocumented students, who are not eligible for federal funding such as the FAFSA or federal loans. Knox, along with most colleges in the U.S., is well aware of this.
Financial aid restrictions are not just limited to a student's financial aid package, however.
Some federally funded campus resources, such as TRIO, a Federal outreach and student service program, are unavailable for undocumented students. But programs funded by Knox, such as SPARK, are open to everyone.
Financial aid is not the only aspect of student life that is different for undocumented students. Even the classroom experience can be isolating. Usually, Medina feels like just another student in class, but when topics such as race, politics and immigration arise, it's a different story.
"When these topics come up, that's when I feel a barrier there," Medina said. "I feel like I'm in a different situation and have these different limitations that other people might not even realize."
"The Undocumented and Unafraid movement definitely was shocking to me because it only seemed natural to be afraid," Torres said. "Because the consequences of having one of your family members or yourself be deported is just incredibly big."
Some of that fear has been eliminated by Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), which allows many undocumented youth to get driver's licenses and work, but it is not an all-encompassing solution.
"DACA just applies to the students," Steenis said. "It doesn't apply to the family members. DACA only protects you so far as well. So, I mean, we've got to be concerned about family members, sometimes I mean that's more of a concern than students themselves."
Junior Clara Torres (second to left) spends time with her family in Chicago. (Photo courtesy of Clara Torres)
Torres understood the importance of being the first of her siblings who didn't have to work through high school; her family explicitly told her not to.
"I knew that my older siblings didn't have those opportunities," the Knox junior said. "So, it's like, you have one job; you'd better do it right." In eighth grade, Torres got into every selective enrollment high school in Chicago that she applied to.
She maintained her level of academic achievement in high school and earned straight A's from one of U.S. News' top five schools in Illinois. But during her senior year, things began to fall apart. "I started losing hope that I could go to college," Torres said. She thought of how hard she had worked in school her whole life.
"I was starting to realize it wasn't going to be enough, and that was really depressing." She spent hours searching for scholarships that didn't require citizenship, with no luck.
Focusing in on Knox kept her going.
"After looking at Knox, I started to get a little more hopeful and a little more determined," Torres said.
Lira stood silently on the the "disagree" side of Taylor Lounge with the vast majority of the group, facing the three peers who stood opposite them. As the conversation died down, she hesitantly half-raised her hand to speak.
Before she could finish the first sentence revealing the closest kept secret of her life, the tears came. She waited to gain control of her voice. "I am undocumented. We're not all criminals," she said, tears streaming down her face. "I worked really hard to be here. My parents are not criminals. My mom has worked really hard."
Lira felt a gentle hand on her shoulder. The divide in the room collapsed as people came nearer to support her. She noticed some of her peers were crying. Lira felt a weight lift off her. She'd told them who she was, and they had accepted her.
"I didn't feel any different because I'm not different," Lira said months later. "But it felt good because they're actually gonna understand, they're gonna know that undocumented people can attend college, can do all these things and are able to do all these things."
Julia Mondschean
Julia Mondschean is a filmmaker and journalist. She is a junior majoring in creative writing. Her documentary film and written works have appeared in the Peoria Journal Star, Galesburg Register-Mail and R_Wurd magazine. She has worked at multiple television and film production companies on the development of reality TV shows and production of documentaries for PBS and Independent Lens.
Tags: admission charles clark Coming out of the Shadows DACA immigration Knox College lori schroeder mecha Paul Steenis trio Undocumented and Unafraid undocumented students
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Ed Sheeran has settled a lawsuit with two composers who claimed his 2014 song Photograph was from a 2009 track of their own. The singing star was being sued by two composers for $20m (£16m) who claimed his tune – from his award-winning album Multiply (x) – was similar to their composition, Amazing.
Musicians Martin Harrington and Thomas Leonard brought the copyright infringement against the British-born singer and alleged that Photograph drew on a song they penned in 2009 which was recorded and released as a single by Matt Cardle, the winner of the 2010 series of The X Factor.
The lawsuit claimed that Amazing had been copied "verbatim" with "note for note copying".
It has been reported that court papers were filed on Friday (7 April) dismissing the case with prejudice, meaning permanently, but stipulating that a California federal court would retain jurisdiction to ensure the terms of an agreement were adhered to.
The lawyer for Harrington and Leonard confirmed the case had been settled but was unable to comment further.
Ed, who is currently riding high in the charts with his latest album, Divide (÷), still occupying the number one spot, five weeks after its release, is also facing a lawsuit over allegations he copied core elements of Marvin Gaye's classic, Let's Get It On, for his 2014 hit, Thinking Out Loud.
Key elements of the song have been described as "strikingly similar" to the 1973 track and the heirs of Ed Townsend, who co-wrote Let's Get It On with Gaye, have filed the copyright motion and asked for damages to be assessed at a jury trial.
Sheeran's Thinking Out Loud did well in the charts and became the first song to spend a full year in the Top 40 while earning the star two Grammy awards.
Ed Sheeran has settled a $20m breach of copyright lawsuit 0 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 0 user reviews.


We reference this content a lot, so I decided to compile it all into a single post. This is the original content, including internal links, and has not been re-edited.
Four years ago I wrote the initial Data Security Lifecycle and a series of posts covering the constituent technologies. In 2009 I updated it to better fit cloud computing, and it was incorporated into the Cloud Security Alliance Guidance, but I have never been happy with that work. It was rushed and didn't address cloud specifics nearly sufficiently.
Adrian and I just spent a bunch of time updating the cycle and it is now a much better representation of the real world. Keep in mind that this is a high-level model to help guide your decisions, but we think this time around we were able to identify places where it can more specifically guide your data security endeavors.
If you are familiar with the previous model you will immediately notice that this one is much more complex. We hope it's also much more useful. The old model really only listed controls for data in different phases of the lifecycle – and didn't account for location, ownership, access methods, and other factors. This update should better reflect the more complex environments and use cases we tend to see these days.
Due to its complexity, we need to break the new Lifecycle into a series of posts. In this first post we will revisit the basic lifecycle, and in the next post we will add locations and access.
The lifecycle includes six phases from creation to destruction. Although we show it as a linear progression, once created, data can bounce between phases without restriction, and may not pass through all stages (for example, not all data is eventually destroyed).
Create: This is probably better named Create/Update because it applies to creating or changing a data/content element, not just a document or database. Creation is the generation of new digital content, or the alteration/updating of existing content.
Store: Storing is the act committing the digital data to some sort of storage repository, and typically occurs nearly simultaneously with creation.
Use: Data is viewed, processed, or otherwise used in some sort of activity.
Share: Data is exchanged between users, customers, and partners.
Archive: Data leaves active use and enters long-term storage.
Destroy: Data is permanently destroyed using physical or digital means (e.g., cryptoshredding).
These high-level activities describe the major phases of a datum's life, and in a future post we will cover security controls for each phase. But before we discuss controls we need to incorporate two additional aspects: locations and access devices.
In our last post we reviewed the Data Security Lifecycle, but other than some minor wording changes (and a prettier graphic thanks to PowerPoint SmartArt) it was the same as our four-year-old original version.
But as we mentioned, quite a bit has changed since then, exemplified by the emergence and adoption of cloud computing and increased mobility. Although the Lifecycle itself still applies to basic, traditional infrastructure, we will focus on these more complex use cases, which better reflect what most of you are dealing with on a day to day basis.
One gap in the original Lifecycle was that it failed to adequately address movement of data between repositories, environments, and organizations. A large amount of enterprise data now transitions between a variety of storage locations, applications, and operating environments. Even data created in a locked-down application may find itself backed up someplace else, replicated to alternative standby environments, or exported for processing by other applications. And all of this can happen at any phase of the Lifecycle.
We can illustrate this by thinking of the Lifecycle not as a single, linear operation, but as a series of smaller lifecycles running in different operating environments. At nearly any phase data can move into, out of, and between these environments – the key for data security is identifying these movements and applying the right controls at the right security boundaries.
As with cloud deployment models, these locations may be internal, external, public, private, hybrid, and so on. Some may be cloud providers, other traditional outsourcers, or perhaps multiple locations within a single data center.
Where are the potential locations for my data?
What are the lifecycles and controls in each of those locations?
Where in each lifecycle can data move between locations?
How does data move between locations (via what channel)?
How can they access it (device & channel)?
Data today is accessed from all sorts of different devices. The days of employees only accessing data through restrictive applications on locked-down desktops are quickly coming to an end (with a few exceptions). These devices have different security characteristics and may use different applications, especially with applications we've moved to SaaS providers – who often build custom applications for mobile devices, which offer different functionality than PCs.
Later in the model we will deal with who, but the diagram below shows how complex this can be – with a variety of data locations (and application environments), each with its own data lifecycle, all accessed by a variety of devices in different locations. Some data lives entirely within a single location, while other data moves in and out of various locations… and sometimes directly between external providers.
This completes our "topographic map" of the Lifecycle. In our next post we will dig into mapping data flow and controls. In the next few posts we will finish covering background material, and then show you how to use this to pragmatically evaluate and design security controls.
In our last post we added location and access attributes to the Data Security Lifecycle. Now let's start digging into the data flow and controls.
Access: View/access the data, including copying, file transfers, and other exchanges of information.
Process: Perform a transaction on the data: update it, use it in a business processing transaction, etc.
Each of these functions is performed in a location, by an actor (person).
Essentially, a control is what we use to restrict a list of possible actions down to allowed actions. For example, encryption can be used to restrict access to data, application controls to restrict processing via authorization, and DRM storage to prevent unauthorized copies/accesses.
To determine the necessary controls; we first list out all possible functions, locations, and actors; and then which ones to allow. We then determine what controls we need to make that happen (technical or process). Controls can be either preventative or detective (monitoring), but keep in mind that monitoring controls that don't tie back into some sort of alerting or analysis merely provide an audit log, not a functional control.
Here you would list a function, the actor, and the location, and then check whether it is allowed or not. Any time you have a 'no' in the allowed box, you would implement and document a control.
In essence what we've produced is a high-level version of a data flow diagram (albeit not using standard programming taxonomy). We start by mapping the possible data flows, including devices and different physical and virtual locations, and at which phases in its lifecycle data can move between those locations. Then, for each phase of the lifecycle in a location, we determine which functions, people/systems, and more-granular locations for working with the data are possible. We then figure out which we want to restrict, and what controls we need to enforce those restrictions.
This looks complex, but keep in mind that you aren't likely to do it for all data within an entire organization. For given data in a given application/implementation you'll be working with a much more restrictive subset of possibilities. This clearly becomes more involved with bigger applications, but practically speaking you need to know where data flows, what's possible, and what should be allowed, to design your security.
In a future post we'll show you an example, and down the road we also plan to produce a controls matrix which will show you where the different data security controls fit in.
Since this is now part of the CCSP syllabus, it would be really great to see the example that was teased at the end ("In a future post we'll show you an example") or am I a lightweight who lacks the stamina to read through six years of blog to find the nugget of example that I crave? Or maybe my Google-fu is so bad that I don't deserve the example?


An assessment of the Status of White-faced Ibis (Plegadis Chihi) in the Great Plains. 376-381.
hybridization and nesting of Glossy Ibis (Plegaids falcinellus) in Wyoming. 382-384.
The Changing Seasons Spring 2005 - Early and late. 386-394.
Atlantic Provinces and St. Pierre et Miquelon. 396-399.
Eastern Highlands and Upper Ohio River Valley. 429-433.
Chris Sloan, Brainard Palmer-Ball, Jr.
West Indies and Bermuda. 511-513.
Range expansion and habitat Selection in breeding populations of Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis) in the southeastern United States. 516-523.
A possible specimen record of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus) from Michigan, with comments on the reliability of specimen data. 524-525.


text:
Blogged Arteries
Opinion and Commentary from TMA
Sexuality and Teens: Talk About It
For adolescents and young adults, sexual development and health is an especially important area of growth that can have far-reaching impacts into adulthood.
For example, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV Surveillance Report 2016, young people ages 15-24 accounted for 21 percent of all new HIV infections, with the majority of those occurring in men who have sex with men (MSM). African-Americans and Latinos are disproportionately affected, accounting for 78 percent of new infections in this age group.
In addition to rising rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the CDC reports that Texas ranks fifth in the country in births to teens ages 15-19 and has the highest rates of repeat teen pregnancy.
As physicians, what can we do about this?
We can start by having open, honest, and confidential conversations with our patients about their sexual activity. This includes asking about the number of sexual partners, the gender of their partners, and what sites they use for intercourse (oral, vaginal, anal).
For patients who are sexually active, we can provide confidential screening for STIs and ask about the use of contraceptives, both barrier and hormonal. For patients who have not yet become sexually active (and for those that have), we can provide counseling on healthy sexual relationships and/or give an appropriate handout.
It is important for physicians to make themselves available for questions whenever an adolescent patient has any, in addition to encouraging the adolescent to call your office directly.
Besides being an effective clinical advocate for healthy sexual development, physicians have the opportunity to advocate for state policies that promote access to sexual and reproductive services for minors. Currently in Texas, minors cannot confidentially access prescription contraceptives without parental consent unless they are on Medicaid or access care at a Title X clinic.
In addition, Texas is one of two states in the country that does not allow any state funds to be used to provide confidential contraceptive services to minors.
Also, under Texas law you are required to report to Child Protective Services any minor who discloses to you that they are sexually active with someone of the same gender. This places physicians in an ethical dilemma in seeking to provide comprehensive care to our patients.
These state policies hinder a physician's ability to provide sexual and reproductive health care for adolescents.
Physicians who take care of adolescents are in a unique position to provide accurate sexual and reproductive health information to our patients.
Because only 16.6 percent of Texas schools provide comprehensive sex education, physicians may be the only source of medically accurate information for adolescents. It is therefore imperative that we continue to advocate for, and provide, our adolescent patients access to confidential STI testing and contraceptive services.
M. Brett Cooper, MD, is a pediatrician in Houston who serves as the Resident & Fellow Section Representative on TMA's Child and Adolescent Health Committee.
Last Edited by David Doolittle_2 at 3/26/2018 5:24 PM Comments (0)
Supporting Transgender and Gender-Diverse Teens
This week is Global Teen Health Week, and today we are focusing on the health of LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) youth and young adults, specifically the health of transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth.
Gender is a core principle of self. Most teenagers identify as the gender that they were assigned at birth (known as "cisgender"), but some do not, and these teens identify as transgender or gender non-conforming (TGNC).
It is difficult to know the exact numbers of teens who identify as TGNC, though current estimates are about 1 in 137 (0.7 percent) teens are transgender. Texas has the second-highest population of transgender teens in the United States.
There are many unique needs of TGNC teens, and addressing them in a timely and supportive manner is often a life or death situation, because TGNC teens have much higher rates than other teenagers of depression, self-injury, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, and being the victim of bullying. As a matter of fact, 2 in 3 TGNC teens have seriously thought about suicide compared with only 1-2 in 10 of cisgender teens.
Creating supportive environments in the home, school, and medical office can go a long way to improve the mental and physical health of TGNC teenagers. Transgender children who are allowed to live as their identified gender have rates of depression and anxiety that are almost identical to cisgender children.
Transgender teenagers who have the support of their families have remarkably better life satisfaction; self-esteem; mental health, including decreased suicide attempts; and adequate housing, than transgender teens who do not have the support of their families.
Although it is difficult to know exactly what an individual TGNC teen may be struggling with, some common issues include:
Fear of family or friend rejection;
Fear of bullying or personal safety;
Feelings of shame and guilt;
Not understanding what they are feeling or why they are feeling it;
Not having words to explain what they are feeling; and
Fear that the topic of gender is off-limits with their family or friends.
Families may be struggling with thoughts such as:
Is my teen safe?
What does my teen's gender diversity mean about my parenting?
Many aspects of TGNC teen lives are confusing and challenging for both the teens and their families, and physicians should be able to provide a supportive environment to help.
Here are some examples of ways that doctor's offices can be safe and supportive, and what families with TGNC teens should look for:
Doctors, nurses, and staff use a teen's chosen name and pronouns;
Willingness to learn and to be open about not having all the answers;
Robust family support to help the families support their TGNC teens;
Physical exams, often a big source of stress for TGNC teens, should be explained well in advance, including the exact body parts that need to be examined and the reason for doing the exam. The teen should be given a choice as to when the exam occurs during the visit; and
Willingness to advocate for TGNC patients and work with schools to help create supportive environments.
Maria Monge, MD, is a pediatrician in Austin.
Your Primary Care Practice: Where Everybody Knows Your Name
Some of you may remember the TV series "Cheers." While it was essentially a sitcom, I believe that the show had something important to offer. I am referring to the theme song, which goes, "Sometimes you want to go/Where everybody knows your name/And they're always glad you came."
What does this have to do with the primary care medical practice? A lot!
As medical care becomes more complex, with greater use of specialists and sophisticated testing and technology, having a primary care team committed to each patient's health is more important than ever before.
After all, people who have regular contact with their primary care physicians are likely to live longer and be healthier.
A new model of primary care — the patient-centered medical home — was designed to make sure the patient is always at the center of the care team.
The patient-centered medical home increases patients' access to the doctor's office through various means, including longer hours, telephone consultations, electronic visits, and even group visits.
The model emphasizes better care coordination among health care team members and seeks to avoid unnecessary or redundant testing. It also focuses on helping patients better manage chronic conditions.
For example, a primary care patient-centered medical home can remind patients when it's time for a critical health screening, such as a mammogram or colonoscopy, and when it's time for a follow-up appointment.
This new model requires physicians and our teams hone skills such as:
How to create an effective care team;
How to better engage patients in their care;
How to identify and track patients who are at high risk for health problems;
How to improve transitioning patients from the office to the hospital, or hospital to rehab or other setting; and
How primary care can improve care for people with depression and other behavioral health issues.
If you want to learn more about ways to enhance the care you deliver, plan to attend the upcoming Texas Primary Care and Health Home Summit. The Texas Medical Association is a founding sponsor of the sixth-annual summit, which is dedicated to helping clinicians and their staff incorporate new tools and methods to improve care.
It's the only summit of its kind in Texas. Don't miss out!
Physicians and other members of the primary care team interested in attending the summit on April 5-6 at the Renaissance Hotel at the Arboretum in Austin, visit www.texashealthhomesummit.org.
Dr. Bornstein is an internist in Dallas, executive director of the Texas Medical Home Initiative, and a member of the TMA Board of Trustees.
Last Edited by Pat Overton_1 at 3/21/2018 5:22 PM Comments (0)
The Battle for the (Pro)Life of the Texas GOP
Many Texas Catholics who attended mass this past weekend had an up-close look at the ever-widening and ever-nastier split within the state's antiabortion movement, which itself is a proxy for the fight for control of the Texas Republican Party.
What the parishioners heard or read was a refreshingly candid formal statement from the Texas Catholic Conference of Bishops entitled "Parish Advisory on Texas Right to Life." The advisory called out Texas Right to Life (TRTL), the state's largest antiabortion group, over its lobbying and political activities, and encouraged parishes "not to participate in their activities or allow the organization to use parish sites."
The bishops remain staunchly antiabortion, but they've had enough of their erstwhile allies' antics. Their advisory encourages "all Catholics to engage in pro-life legislative advocacy ... by supporting pro-life groups which engage in respectful legislative advocacy."
Why is this important to Texas physicians? Here are four reasons:
Texas is a solid Republican state, with GOP majorities ensured in both chambers of the Texas Legislature at least through the 2021 session. The real fight is over who will wield the Republican Party's power in Austin: business conservatives or tea party conservatives – who have been no friend to medicine.
The Texas Medical Association has no policy for or against abortion. Our formal policy simply says that TMA "recognizes abortion as a legal medical procedure, and the performance of abortion must be based upon early and accurate diagnosis of pregnancy; informed and nonjudgmental counseling; prompt referral to skillful and understanding personnel working in a good facility; reasonable cost; and professional follow up." Nevertheless, TMA frequently enters (or gets dragged into) legislative debates on abortion when we oppose state interference with the patient-physician relationship.
The state's main pro-life players, and their funders, are heavily involved in our priority issues as well. For example, TRTL consistently has pushed an agenda that seeks to neutralize physicians' ability to protect their patients from treatment that imposes unnecessary suffering and pain in their final days.
TRTL and its allies (notably Empower Texans and the Texas Home School Coalition) are targeting some of medicine's legislative champions with misinformation attacks that distort these lawmakers' voting records.
Some North Texas physicians and political junkies might recall how TRTL knocked out former Sen. Bob Deuell, MD (R-Greenville), in the 2014 primaries by grossly mischaracterizing a bill that he carried. The bill actually enhanced patients' and families' legal protections. But that didn't stop TRTL from twisting it around in order to oust a state senator – a warm and caring family physician -- who didn't follow their every command.
This election cycle, the nasty action is coming in several House races. The incumbents were all supporters of House Speaker Joe Straus of San Antonio, who is not running for reelection. TRTL, Empower Texans, and a few other groups are working to elect candidates for the House who will toe the line laid out by a handful of rich oil businessmen who want to control the legislature.
One of their sleight-of-hand tactics is a vote on an amendment to Senate Bill 8 during the 2017 summer special legislative session. SB 8, which passed into law, sets new standards on the disposition of fetal remains and outlaws so-called "partial birth abortion." All of the pro-medicine candidates who are being targeted by the TRTL campaign voted for SB 8.
They didn't, however, vote for the "Schaefer amendment" to the bill, and there's the rub. The amendment, which was defeated, would have outlawed late-term abortions when the fetus has "a severe fetal abnormality" and would not survive at birth. The amendment was set up as a "scorecard vote," forcing lawmakers to choose whether to fall in behind TRTL.
As an insightful column in the Amarillo Globe-News noted recently, "'Severe fetal abnormalities' [are] those rare instances for an abortion when a baby has no heart, or no brain, or any other vital organ, and will die moments after birth. It did not cover babies with Down's syndrome, spina bifida, or other non-fatal diseases, but only those catastrophic conditions that define 'a non-viable fetus.' Of the 55,287 abortions in Texas in 2015, only 16 fit that category, or 0.03 percent."
Allowing an abortion in such rare circumstances is the compassionate act, saving the unborn child the agony of trying vainly to survive outside of the womb.
The Texas Alliance for Life, another anti-abortion group, says the amendment "would likely not have saved a single baby from abortion."
But that's not the picture TRTL paints. In various commentaries attacking the lawmakers it is trying to oust, TRTL says the Schaefer amendment would "protect preborn children with disabilities from painful abortions after 20 weeks." A House member's vote against it, the organization says in its 2017 legislative scorecards (example), meant "demarcating loyalty to the ProLife cause or the anti-Life leadership of the Texas House."
That scorecard was one of the motivations for the Texas Catholic Conference of Bishops' advisory.
"We believe this publication is not based on a fair analysis of a legislator's work, but rather upon whether the legislator has followed voting recommendations of Texas Right to Life," the bishops wrote. "Unfortunately, a number of legislators who have consistently voted for pro-life and end of life legislation have been opposed by Texas Right to Life."
Texas Alliance for Life also has sprung to the defense of the targeted legislators, writing letters to the editor like this one for Rep. J.D. Sheffield, DO (R-Gatesville):
"In the race for Texas House District 59, we find it regrettable that State Rep. J.D. Sheffield's opponent has chosen to attack Dr. Sheffield on the abortion issue, claiming he is not pro-life," Joe Pojman, the group's executive director, wrote. "That claim is false."
"My organization, Texas Alliance for Life, is among the premier pro-life organizations in the state and has worked to pass pro-life bills in the Capitol for 30 years. We can say with certainly that Dr. Sheffield is solidly pro-life. He earned 100 percent on our Legislative Scorecard, and our PAC is proud to endorse him for re-election."
Other incumbent legislators fighting this uphill battle against the well-funded TRTL attacks include State Reps. Ernest Bailes (R-Shepherd), Travis Clardy (R-Nacogdoches), Sarah Davis (R-West University Place), Charlie Geren (R-Fort Worth), Ken King (R-Canadian), Lyle Larson (R-San Antonio), Four Price (R-Amarillo), Hugh Shine (R-Temple), Jason Villalba (R-Dallas), and Paul Workman (R-Austin). All of these lawmakers, by the way, have earned TEXPAC's support.
Of course, you have to wonder just how much the TRTL scorecard really means to the group when you consider:
The organization endorsed the opponents of two incumbent Republican state senators (Craig Estes of Wichita Falls and Kel Seliger of Amarillo) and four GOP House members (Chris Paddie of Marshall, Dan Flynn of Van, Wayne Faircloth of Galveston, and Giovanni Capriglione of Southlake) who compiled 100-percent TRTL voting records in the 2017 legislative session;
Two state senators and two representatives with 100-percent scores who are in competitive primaries got no TRTL endorsement; and
Four House members with less than 100-percent records received TRTL's backing.
Last Edited by Pat Overton_1 at 3/5/2018 10:50 PM Comments (0)
The Math of Medicare for All
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Texas Neighborhoods Worlds Apart in Life Expectancy
An Insurance Company Auditor Tried to Destroy My Career


text:
#include "Session.h"
#include<qs/log/LogLevel.h>

#include <commonlib/commonlib.h>
#include "MsgEntry.h"
#include "../System.h"

#include "Subscription.h"
#include <algorithm>

/*************************************************************************/
/*
 * Locking:
 * 	- Single queue
 * 	- Topic first then subscribers.
 *
 */

namespace IAS {
namespace QS {
namespace SHM {
namespace Shared {
/*************************************************************************/
static MsgEntry _empty;
/*************************************************************************/
Session::Session():
	iMode(SM_NotAllocated),
	mutex(true),
	mutexAlive(true,true){

	IAS_TRACER;

	IAS_LOG(IAS::QS::LogLevel::INSTANCE.isDetailedInfo(),"Created at: "<<((void*)this));
}
/*************************************************************************/
Session::~Session(){
	IAS_TRACER;
	//IAS_THROW(InternalException("Session destroyed."))
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::setupTransacted(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);

	setupNoLock(SM_Transacted);
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::setupAutoCommit(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);

	setupNoLock(SM_AutoCommit);
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::setupNoLock(Mode iMode){
	IAS_TRACER;

	if(isAllocatedNoLock())
		IAS_THROW(InternalException("Already allocated !!!"));

	this->iMode=iMode;
	IAS_LOG(IAS::QS::LogLevel::INSTANCE.isInfo(),"Allocated:"<<iMode<<", a="<<(void*)this);

	ptrSessionData=QS::SHM::QueueAllocator<SessionData>::Create(10,10);

	mutexAlive.lock();

}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::commit(){
	IAS_TRACER;
	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::rollback(){
	IAS_TRACER;
	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);
	rollbackNoLock();
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::close(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);

	closeNoLock();

	mutexAlive.unlock();
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::tryToClean(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);

	if(iMode == SM_NotAllocated)
		return;

	if(!mutexAlive.trylock()){
		IAS_LOG(IAS::QS::LogLevel::INSTANCE.isInfo()," == Skipped");
		return;
	}

	closeNoLock();

	mutexAlive.unlock();
}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::closeNoLock(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	rollbackNoLock();
	iMode = SM_NotAllocated;
	ptrSessionData=0;

}
/*************************************************************************/
void Session::rollbackNoLock(){
	IAS_TRACER;
}
/*************************************************************************/
JournalObjectEntry* Session::allocateJOE(){
	IAS_TRACER;

	Mutex::Locker locker(mutex);
		return ptrSessionData->allocateJOE();
}
/*************************************************************************/
}
}
}
}


text:
Encyclopedia > View From Masada
A solo album released by Killah Priest from the Wu-affiliate group Sunz of Man. Killah Priest (born Walter Reed, a. ... The pioneering hardcore hip hop group Wu-Tang Clans plan to conquer the hip hop industry consisted not only of making each member into a solo star in their own right, but also to create and promote numerous affiliate artists. ...
View From Masada
Maccabean Revolt(Interlude)feat. Goldie Mack
Maccabean Revolt feat. Daddy Rose & Salahudin
Gotta Eat
What Part of the Game? feat. Ras Kass
I'm Wit That
Bop Your Head(Priesthood)feat. Canibus
Rap Legend
When Will We Learn?
Food For Thought (Interlude)feat. Daddy Rose
Live by the Gun feat. Kavalier & Black Rose Kartel
If I Die feat. Salahudin
Categories: Album stubs
Results from FactBites:
Masada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1135 words)
Masada (a romanization of the Hebrew מצדה, Metzada, from מצודה, metzuda, "fortress") is the name for a site of ancient palaces and fortifications in Israel on top of an isolated rock plateau on the eastern edge of the Judean Desert overlooking the Dead Sea.
Masada became famous for its significance in the First Jewish-Roman War (Great Jewish Revolt), when a siege of the fortress by troops of the Roman Empire led to a mass suicide of the site's Jewish defenders when defeat became imminent.
This account of the siege of Masada was apparently related to Josephus by two women who survived the suicide by hiding inside a cistern along with five children and repeated Elazar ben Yair's final exortation to his followers, prior to the mass suicide, verbatim to the Romans.
Masada - Crystalinks (1131 words)
Masada is a symbol of freedom and courage to Jews because of its history, specifically the events of the Jewish revolt against Rome in the first century AD recorded by Josephus, when the Zealots held out against Rome for three years at Masada before choosing mass suicide over surrender.
Masada is situated on the top of an isolated rock on the edge of the Judean Desert and the Dead Sea Valley, about 25 km south of En Gedi.
Masada is a diamond shaped plateau and is 1,900 feet long and 650 feet wide, covering a total of 23 acres.
More results at FactBites »