text:
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.test import TestCase
from myhpom import models
from myhpom.tests.factories import UserFactory

class ChooseNetworkTestCase(TestCase):
    """
    * GET with supported state views this page
    * GET with unsupported state redirects to next_steps
    * POST redirects to next_steps
    * POST with custom_provider adds it to the user's UserDetails
    * POST with health_network_id adds that health_network to the user's UserDetails

    QUESTION: What if the user both selects a health network and types a custom provider?
    (not addressed in the AC for MH-18)
    """

    def setUp(self):
        self.user = UserFactory()
        self.user.set_password('password')
        self.user.save()
        self.client.login(username=self.user.email, password='password')
        self.url = reverse('myhpom:choose_network')
        self.user.userdetails.state = models.State.objects.get(name="NC")
        self.user.userdetails.save()

    def test_GET_supported_state(self):
        """GET with supported state views this page
        """
        response = self.client.get(self.url)
        self.assertEqual(200, response.status_code)
        self.assertTemplateUsed('myhpom/accounts/choose_network.html')
        self.assertTrue(response.context['supported_state'])
        self.assertFalse(response.context['is_update'])

    def test_GET_unsupported_state(self):
        self.user.userdetails.state = models.State.objects.order_by_ad().last()
        self.user.userdetails.save()
        response = self.client.get(self.url)
        self.assertRedirects(response, reverse('myhpom:next_steps'), fetch_redirect_response=False)

    def test_POST_custom_provider(self):
        """POST with custom_provider adds it to the user's UserDetails
        and redirects to next_steps
        """
        form_data = {"custom_provider": "My Non-existent Custom Provider", "health_network": ""}
        response = self.client.post(self.url, data=form_data)
        self.assertRedirects(response, reverse('myhpom:next_steps'), fetch_redirect_response=False)
        userdetails = models.UserDetails.objects.get(id=self.user.userdetails.id)
        self.assertEquals(userdetails.custom_provider, form_data['custom_provider'])
        self.assertIsNone(userdetails.health_network)

    def test_POST_both_provider_types_fails(self):
        """
        POST with both types of health network data will be rejected.
        """
        state = self.user.userdetails.state
        health_network = models.HealthNetwork.objects.filter(state=state, priority=0)[0]
        form_data = {"custom_provider": "Foo Bar Baz", "health_network": health_network.id}
        response = self.client.post(self.url, data=form_data)
        form = response.context['form']
        self.assertIsNotNone(form.errors)
        self.assertIsNotNone(form.non_field_errors())
        self.assertIn(
            'Please either choose a network or enter a custom network.', form.non_field_errors()
        )

    def test_POST_neither_provider_type_fails(self):
        """
        POST without either type of health network data will be rejected.
        """
        form_data = {"custom_provider": '', "health_network": None}
        response = self.client.post(self.url, data=form_data)
        form = response.context['form']
        self.assertIsNotNone(form.errors)
        self.assertIsNotNone(form.non_field_errors())
        self.assertIn(
            'Please either choose a network or enter a custom network.', form.non_field_errors()
        )

    def test_POST_health_network(self):
        """POST with health_network_id adds that health_network to the user's UserDetails
        and redirects to next_steps
        """
        state = self.user.userdetails.state
        health_network = models.HealthNetwork.objects.filter(state=state, priority=0)[0]
        form_data = {"custom_provider": "", "health_network": health_network.id}
        response = self.client.post(self.url, data=form_data)
        self.assertRedirects(response, reverse('myhpom:next_steps'), fetch_redirect_response=False)
        userdetails = models.UserDetails.objects.get(id=self.user.userdetails.id)
        self.assertIsNotNone(userdetails.health_network)
        self.assertEqual('', userdetails.custom_provider)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Amazing ... FAIA And Sandra Escobedou0027s Recent Project, A La Jolla Kitchen Refresh Is Featured In The San Diego Home/Garden Lifestyles Magazine January 2018 Issue.
Stephen Dalton Architects Is Featured In The January 2018 Issue Of San Diego Home/Garden Lifestyles Magazine For Their Del Mar Residential Remodel.
... AIA Of Bluemotif Architecture Recently Designed Queensborough, An East Coast Inspired Cocktail Lounge Located In The Gaslamp Quarter In San Diego.
San Diego Home And Garden Home And Garden Magazine Feature San Diego Home Garden Show 2015 .
You Can Also Access A Digital Version Of The Magazine Here. Jimu0027s Interview Begins On Page 92.
San Diego Home And Garden San Diego Home Garden Show .
San Diego Home U0026 Garden Magazine Ad Featuring TECH Lighting Products.
This Landscape Was Featured In U201cSan Diego Home U0026 Gardenu201d Magazine As Well As U201cCountry Gardensu201d, A Better Homes And Gardens Special Interest Publication.


Iowa town asks: If you give them free land, will they come?
This tiny Iowa town views new homes as key to its long-term viability: "It gets to a point where it takes so many households to keep the lights on."
MARNE, Ia. — Every single home matters in a community of 120 people.
Each house serves as a crucial piece of the local tax base, keeping the town from fading away.
That's why people like Marne Mayor Randy Baxter have surgically removed the town's dilapidated homes over the years.
That's why the city will give away residential lots for free to anyone willing to build a new home.
And that's why Baxter himself has refurbished older homes and plans to begin building spec homes at his own risk.
"I care about the town," he said. "It gets to a point where it takes so many households to keep the lights on."
The mayor is the city's largest property owner. He estimates he's owned about a quarter of the town's properties as he's bought and sold homes, lots and commercial buildings over the years.
While he may have played an outsize role in Marne's housing market, Baxter's efforts represent a wider trend across Iowa: Rural community leaders, struggling with aging housing stocks and little to no new construction, taking a more active role in housing development.
Many have realized that developers will never show up to rebuild their inventories of houses and apartments without a push from the local community.
"We face so many challenges without migration that ... if a town doesn't roll up their sleeves and do it themselves, it's not going to be good," said Andrew Wenthe, a former legislator and current mayor of Fayette. "We're going to see a lot of these small towns fade away."
Fayette officials are leading a charge to improve the town's aging housing stock and entice developers to build new homes. Wenthe, an administrator at Upper Iowa University in Fayette, said only about a quarter of the private school's employees live in town. Many commute because of a lack of local housing options.
"We face some stark realities in rural Iowa," he said. "But we're doing everything we can to make Fayette different."
Baxter, a native of Cass County, wanted to open a motorcycle shop in Atlantic, but he ran into road blocks with local planning and zoning officials.
He didn't have that problem in Marne, where the only business around was a lone insurance office.
"It was kind of surreal," said Baxter, who moved to the town in 1977. "Marne was in kind of a low spot."
He traded in his 1951 Packard for a commercial building and over the years has expanded his shop into a sprawling complex of showrooms and work shops. Along the way, other locals opened a machine shop, an auto body shop and a bar and restaurant in Marne.
Baxter Cycle is now one of the largest suppliers of British motorcycle parts in the nation. Employees repair and restore bikes. And the company sells vintage and new Triumph and Royal Enfield cycles to customers across the globe.
On a recent weekday morning, Baxter's team was preparing to ship a container to a longtime customer in France.
"Anyone that knows British motorcycles knows Marne, Iowa," said 65-year-old Baxter.
Shortly after, a woman pulled her adventure bike right up to the showroom door.
"I drove 6,000 miles to get here," she tells employees. "You have a wonderful place here in the middle of nowhere."
Marne is so small that the list of residents fills only a page and a half in the local phone book. But Baxter firmly believes the community needs more housing.
Perched on top of a hill overlooking a scenic valley of farm fields, his contractors are just finishing up rehab work on a quaint two-bedroom home he purchased.
A $30,000 renovation allowed the crew to knock down walls, install shiny subway tiles and a new HVAC system. The home is painted in modern neutral colors and blanketed with laminate wood floors.
"I think I'll get back what I put in it," Baxter said. "We'll get a family in here and it will be good for another 50 years."
With the unemployment rate remaining low, a new ethanol plant coming on board a few miles away and a lack of housing inventory, Baxter thinks now is as good a time as any to double down on a new housing initiative.
So he plans to start building spec homes with his own capital, confident that there's enough demand to sell them once they're built. Even completing one new home every two years would be huge for the tiny town, he said.
"We've gotten rid of all the houses here that are not livable," he said. "I think now's a good time to start thinking about building new houses. We think if we build it, someone will eventually live in it."
Aside from serving as mayor, Baxter leads Marne's housing committee that has offered free residential lots.
The program is pretty simple: The lots go free to anyone willing to build a home that's at least 1,200 square feet. No trailer homes are allowed, but modular homes are acceptable.
In the last decade, only one family has taken up the city's offer: A ranch home on a corner lot was built several years ago.
The limited response has disappointed initial expectations.
"It has not been that successful," said 79-year-old Alan Cranston. "Far, far short of it. But we've had a lot of calls on it. A lot of people are asking."
Cranston, a retiree, described Marne's current housing needs as "critical."
"What's available is not what people are looking for," he said.
Still, the town has made huge strides with repairing its housing stock by tearing down dilapidated homes and fixing up the repairable ones.
"You drive through a lot of small towns the size of Marne and there's no comparison," he said. "Now, you drive through Marne and you'll see a big difference. I don't think there's an abandoned house in town now. And I can't think of any that need to be torn down."
Cranston credits the mayor for much of that progress.
"He's been a big plus," he said. "I don't know where we would be without him, to tell you the truth."
Aside from financing the demolition of unkempt homes and the rehabilitation of older ones, Cranston said he often spots Baxter working on other people's properties around town. Not long ago, he saw him on his tractor leveling out a gravel road in need of repair.
"I don't know if the man sleeps," he said. "If you want to get something done in the community, your best chance is to ask the man that's the busiest."
Brian Depew, executive director for the Center for Rural Affairs, said housing intervention efforts like those in Marne are increasingly important as rural communities across the nation increasingly struggle against a lack of quality housing.
Declining population and lower home values have caused many communities to go years without seeing new homes built.
"The important thing is it takes local leadership and it takes organized effort," he said. "The market alone is not going to fix it."
Depew has had to rethink his attitude on the issue. He previously viewed dwindling population as rural America's primary challenge.
"And if you have declining population, I thought you'd have excess housing stock. I thought if you could get jobs and population, the housing will kind of take care of itself," he said. "But I was wrong. It's kind of a paradox."
For years, many rural communities have collectively determined to invest in education, economic development and quality of life initiatives.
"For a lot of small towns, housing has become just as important," Depew said. "And we should try to think about it in similar ways and be willing to invest in it in similar ways."


text:
Q: How to generate castor for XML attribute value I am new to castor mapping, can any one suggest me how to write castor for below xml.
<Amt >
    <CustAmt Ccy="USD">35.47</CustAmt>
</Amt>

Specially I am looking for the mapping of attribute value. Thanks in advance.

A: Here is an example:
<class name="mypackage.OrderItem" auto-complete="true">
   <map-to xml="Amt" />
   <field name="custAmt" type="double">
      <bind-xml name="CustAmt" node="element" />
   </field>

   <field name="ccy" type="string">
       <bind-xml name="Ccy" node="attribute" location="CustAmt" />
   </field>
</class>

A:  <class name="mypackage.OrderItem">
        <map-to xml="Amt" />
        <field name="ccy" type="string">
            <bind-xml name="Ccy" node="attribute"/>
        </field>
        <field name="custAmt" type="double">
            <bind-xml name="Amt" node="text" />
        </field>
 </class>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
The Northerner
Elephant Man set design mirrors Victorian London
Katie Walker|April 11, 2006
John West, Roderick Justice and Denise Devlin star in "The Elephant Man."
The Northern Kentucky University Corbett Theatre is a kaleidoscope of carnival colors these days. Giant prismatic posters depicting images of freak show spectacles clutter the stage, a prim Victorian piano is shoved into a corner and a massive black and white scene-scape of a London skyline looms in the background.
The imaginations and hard work of senior set design major Samantha Reno and guest theater faculty member Carly Adams are splashed all over the set they created for "The Elephant Man."
Reno's design and Adams's paintings mark a return to grand-scale backdrop painting for NKU theater. The two backdrops, one depicting a black and white London and the other showcasing a brilliantly-colored freak show poster advertising the "Elephant Man," each took more than a week to complete.
The backdrops will set the stage for the true-life story of John Merrick (Roderick Justice), a sensitive and intelligent freak show entertainer in 19th century Victorian England. Merrick suffered from Proteus syndrome, a condition that caused huge tumors on his head to grow to three feet in circumference.
Reno, who drew inspiration from Renaissance artists Hieronymus Bosch and Raphael, tried to match the set design to the mood of the Victorian setting and realities of Merrick's life.
"London was a very two-faced place," Reno said. "There was the rich upper class. It was the gilded age. But the other side was dirty, poor and ugly."
Merrick interacts with both gilded London society and gritty London ghettos in the course of the show. Royalty and poor alike came to see the Elephant Man.
Director Ken Jones said the scenery reflects Merrick's isolation from the normalcy of dismal London society.
"It (the set) forces an eerie feeling," he said. "You have a splash of color in a gray world."
Reno explained, "The freak show is in color because that is what's real to John Merrick and everything else is faded and unknown."
While Reno and Jones spent months planning a set design for the show, Adams was getting her first taste of life at NKU. A 2000 graduate of the School for Creative ' Performing Arts and a 2004 graduate of Wright State University, the guest faculty member has been teaching a scenic painting course this semester in addition to working on the show.
For Adams, this show was an enjoyable challenge and an opportunity to break away from more understated sets.
"This show we get to paint lots of bright colors and cool posters," Adams said. "Some shows just don't get that. Some shows are just marble and brick; this show is really interesting."
New audio production minor takes a fresh approach to teaching students about music
Committee begins planning for Academic Commons, what to expect
What you missed at SGA: Valhalla part of student government
Au Bon Pain permanently closing
Board of Regents: Interim president, restructuring, reposition and housing's hidden costs
Bonita Brown announced as NKU interim president
NKU name drops Bonita Brown as potential interim president
New student initiative works for justice at NKU
Board of Regents vote against allowing interim to run for NKU president
Housing struck by water damage over frigid winter break
The Independent Student Newspaper of Northern Kentucky University.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Truisms and Truthiness
July 29, 2010 Administrator	Leave a comment
With all the buzz around Wikileaks this week and the recent passing of Daniel Schorr–one of the last real "newsmen" of his kind–I've been thinking a lot about journalism, its evolution and its role in modern culture.
I took my first news reporting class in the mid-1990s at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism. Email and the internet were still emerging, still dial-up based and still something of a novelty. (Raise your hand if you've ever reported a story by digging up information on library microfiche or sitting behind those awful monitors at the courthouse that dulled your eyeballs with a greenish glow).
I distinctly remember the ah-ha moment when my professor (a Pulitzer-Prize winner by the way) said: "Never use the attribution 'according to the internet.' That's like saying 'according to the telephone.'" He followed up with tips on how to decipher how legitimate internet sources were, much like we were taught to do with a human source.
Seems absurdly obvious now, but think back to 1996—the internet was all very new (and regrettably, still just as grammatically challenged.)
Still, then and now, there are a couple of basic logical truisms when it comes to absorbing information:
"You can't believe everything you read" and "Consider the source."
We live in a largely sourceless, hyper-opinion-driven climate of news dissemination. It's exciting and scary at the same time. Exciting because for we news junkies it's cool to have so many ways to absorb information and so many voices to consider and scary, well, for obvious reasons.
The explosion of the blogosphere, the rapid dissemination of any and all newsworthy topics, the rise of pundit status among people who've never had to adhere to a three-source rule, pour through the pages of a phone book trying to find an expert source, pound the pavement, develop on-background contacts—this reality makes it increasingly important and yet often difficult to check off those aforementioned truisms.
And I'm not saying anything new or clever when I use the "infotainment" moniker to dub our current media climate, but really that's what it is–Infotainment.
Put simply, even given all the myriad outlets and information sources our current journalism climate offers, we basically like getting information from places we like. We flock to media and blogs and outlets that adhere to our highly personalized appetites and it's easy to insulate ourselves from anything, any opinion that runs counter to our own. And it's equally easy to perpetuate stories and blogs that align with our own ideologies. We can create our own truth around pretty much anything these days, and that's kind of scary.
I'm not exempt from this. In full disclosure, I am a card-carrying member of the Stewart/Colbert militia. Their tongue-in-cheek, nothing-is-sacred satirical methodology appeals to me, partially because it's so skillfully delivered and partially I admit, because their politics and ideology pretty much line up with my own.
Still, it makes me think.
If you hold to the adage that you can't believe everything you read then does that imply the only things you might actually be able to believe are being perpetuated by people who don't actually expect you to believe every word they write or say? Is Stephen Colbert perhaps the truest journalist of our times if you embrace the Bizzaro World idea of journalistic truth?
Is Colbert-style "truthiness" really the best we can hope for in our current media climate? And does it in fact offer us more actual truth than straight journalism? What is "straight journalism? It's an interesting conundrum to ponder, whether you are a casual reader, middling information hound or total news junkie.
To that end, I'm looking forward to having The Yes Men here at UCLA Live Oct. 14.
The tagline for The Yes Men's documentary The Yes Men Fix the World is "Sometimes it takes a lie to expose the truth."
The Yes Men—Andy Bichelbaum and Mike Bonanno—stretch the truth for sure, lying and posing as executives from government agencies and multinational corporations in an effort to ferret out often more-salacious untruths. Their methods are extreme and, well, fabulously funny at the same time. Still, their cunning legerdemain, however comically or altruistically motivated, hasn't left the duo unscathed.
Whether or not you agree with The Yes Men's tactics or motivation, you have to admit, what they do is thought-provoking.
And isn't that essentially what any information-consumption should be about? To inspire you to think? To process…to not just swallow something whole simply because it comes from someone who looks just like you, who thinks just like you, who shares your worldview or your methods of information gathering and dissemination. What an idea. Maybe I will watch Fox News tonight. (Maybe not).
I'm sure we'll examine the idea and phenomenon of "truthiness" a couple of times here in Royce Hall this year, first with The Yes Men and later in February with The Onion Editors.
In the meantime, don't believe everything you read. Unless it's good stuff about UCLA Live of course. That you can take to the bank.
Photo note: Front page of the fake New York Times The Yes Men printed and handed out. If only some of THOSE stories were true.
journalismmediaspokenwordtheyesmenuclalivewikilinks
July 23, 2010 Administrator
Today is the last day of our 2010-11 subscription drive, woohoo! TONS of you have taken advantage of our amazing new deals for subscribers – THANK YOU!
For everyone else, you have a few more hours to pick up any one of our series and save a HEFTY 20% or choose your own series with ANY FOUR SHOWS and save 15% before tickets go on sale to the general public on Monday, August 9th.
If you're on the fence, we highly recommend the Choose Your Own Series, because it allows you to sample something of everything by picking any 4 shows while still getting the advantages of subscribing: priority seating, big savings and ticket exchange privileges.
We realize it can be tough to navigate all the cool stuff on the season, so we asked our friends over at the Hammer and Fowler Museums for their picks. Check 'em out…
Jennifer Gould, Marketing Manager at the HAMMER Museum recommends:
Helios Dance Theater: Beautiful Monsters
Helios is an LA treasure, and with an original score by Paul Cantelon (The Diving Bell & Butterfly), it's going to be an incredible evening. Some examples of their previous works: http://www.heliosdancetheater.org/media.html
Yes Men Live
Andy Bichlbaum and Mike Bonanno are my heroes. They'll be yours too.
The Onion Editors
I'm so excited about this! The Onion editors were featured in an episode of This American Life a few years back, which documented the process of narrowing down 600 potential headlines to the hilarious 16 that actually appeared in the weekly edition. Check it out: http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/348/Tough-Room
An obvious choice. He's so amazing in person.
Stacey Ravel Abarbanel, Director of Marketing and Communications – Fowler Museum at UCLA recommends:
Dengue Fever: The Lost World (1925)
A little-known Dengue rocked the Fowler amphitheater in 2006 at the party we held to celebrate the opening of our long-term exhibition Intersections: World Arts, Local Lives. We had a hard time prying people away to the dinner going on upstairs, so enchanting was the lovely Chhom Nimol and her Cambodian-inflected rocker cohorts. I'd love a chance to see and hear how they've matured as artists.
Richard Thompson featuring Harry Shearer, Pete Zorn & special guests Cabaret of Souls
Just one week after Dengue Fever, but I can't resist this combo of legendary musicians and impresarios in what sounds like a funny yet thoughtful musical theater reckoning.
Ghazal: Kayhan Kalhor, Shujaat Husain Khan & Samir Chatterjee
A couple of years ago my brother sent me Ghazal's CD Rain, and I was smitten. This music is so intricate, at times measured and soothing, then pulsing with excitement. See these masters live? Absolutely.
Stephen Petronio Dance Company
I Drink The Air Before Me sounds like a stirring new production. I can't wait to check it out.
So head on over to the calendar, connect the dots and pick your four today!
Happy Summer and What's Your Favorite?
It truly feels like summer has arrived and it should be a great weekend in Los Angeles! We're spending the summer in the basement of Royce Hall gearing up for the 2010-11 season, planning ahead for the appearances of truly amazing artists on the lineup this year.
Summer's great, but we can't wait for fall when the halls and theater above us will be filled with music and dancers and creative thinkers—and well, hopefully YOU.
Side note: I was watching "Family Guy" the other day and a few scenes of the episode took place on some unnamed college campus. Guess what building/area was the iconic image immortalized in cartoon form to signify "collegiate-looking space?" Yep. It was the front of Royce Hall and surrounding quad area.
Anyway, we UCLA Live staffers have been talking amongst ourselves about our favorite shows on the season and we decided to film a little video about it—also using that iconic Royce Hall backdrop.
Take a little peek into the minds of the people who help make performing arts come alive in Royce Hall. Don't be scared, we're mostly sane.
So, what do you think? What event are you most looking forward to this season? Better yet, get out into the sunshine this weekend and film your own video telling us about your favorite pick of the UCLA Live 2010-11 season. (For ideas, peruse our calendar here).
And, if you see a few shows you like, consider taking advantage of our Choose Your Own series offer. Pick four or more events and save 15%.
Post your video and send us a link at info@uclalive.org. You might just find yourself with a special prize!
In the meantime, keep those summer vibes rolling and we'll see you in Royce Hall in September!
Splendor, Mundanity and Strenuous Briefness
Harvey Pekar died this weekend. Fans of graphic novels knew him as the "master of the mundane," creator of the long-running series American Splendor, whose emphasis on the less-than spectacular events of an ordinary life became an inspirational treatise on how to extract the profound from the mundane.
Harvey was here at UCLA Live just a few months ago, appearing with Alison Bechdel, a truly stunning graphic novelist and generally brilliant woman who spoke frankly of the ways in which Pekar inspired her over the years. She even shared a short strip she had drawn based on a stick-figure outline Pekar handed her one day. "Here," he said. "You should draw this." Her multimedia presentation on the Royce Hall stage flashed on a yellow, lined piece of paper with a few scribblings Harvey had made, simple scribblings that somehow inspired a story.
Pekar himself talked about his somewhat incongruous rise to fame in the graphic novel world…after all, he can't draw at all, but one of his early and most prolific collaborators/supporters was R. Crumb who is pretty much a legend in the genre. Harvey was, in person, much as like his character is in the American Splendor strip—just a guy. A guy like the rest of us. For me, the most endearing part of his appearance here was seeing him interact with Bechdel, and seeing first-hand the impact his work and vision had on fellow artists. His latest work is The Pekar Project, an online strip for Smith Magazine for which he worked with a variety of talented up-and-coming artists.
Harvey's life and death calls to mind a lot of questions. What is art? What is profound? What is mundane, and where do these ideas converge?
It makes me think of a passage from one of my favorite books, The Picture of Dorian Gray.
"Out of the unreal shadows of the night comes back the real life that we had known. We have to resume it where we had left off, and there steals over us a terrible sense of the necessity for the continuance of energy in the same wearisome round of stereotyped habits, or a wild longing, it may be, that our eyelids might open some morning upon a world that had been refashioned anew in the darkness for our pleasure, a world in which things would have fresh shapes and colours and be changed or, have other secrets, a world in which the past would have little or no regret, the remembrance even of joy having its bitterness and the memories of pleasure their pain."
Don't we all feel like that sometimes? Don't we all lay down our heads at night sometimes and wonder what it would be like to wake to a different world? But we never really do. We wake to our own lives every day. We go about our routines. We do our jobs. We think our thoughts. We live. We live the only way we can because that's all we can do.
Our actual lives are largely defined by our most mundane habits and necessary behaviors. But those things don't necessarily define the self. Harvey Pekar knew that. It's in the mind, and through art and literature that we can perhaps, if we are lucky and inspired enough… extract the beauty and profundity from those simple and often mundane behaviors and tasks. There's beauty in the breakdown.
Life is brief, more brief than we would like…strenuously so. We have our moments of pleasure and pain, of joy and bitterness and then we go. Perhaps, if we're lucky, we leave a little inspiration behind.
Rest in Peace, Harvey Pekar.
Here's a little something from another inspirational chap to see you off.
…e.e. cummings
into the strenuous briefness
Life;
handorgans and April
darkness, friends
i charge laughing.
Into the hair-thin tints
of yellow dawn,
into the women-coloured twilight
i smilingly glide. I
into the big vermilion departure
swim, sayingly;
(Do you think?) the
i do, world
is probably made
of roses & hello:
(of solongs and, ashes)
alisonbechdelharveypekaruclalive
The Soundtracks of Our Lives–Live
July 8, 2010 Administrator	Leave a comment
Yes I dig the band whose name is alluded to in the title of this blog entry, but it's other self-created "soundtracks" that are running through my mind right now.
I'm talking about those albums that worm their way into your heart and life, the ones you play over and over incessantly (I can't be the only person who does this!). The ones that either started out meaning something to you, or that grew on you until they did, or that carry such powerful emotion or pack such an evocative punch in 13 or so tracks that they literally become a soundtrack to periods in your life.
I'm thrilled that we're starting off our season in September with an event that strikes a chord like that. The legendary John Cale is coming to perform his Paris 1919 album in its entirety. I admit, before coming to UCLA Live, I was not well versed in Cale outside of The Velvet Underground. But I am absolutely intrigued by this upcoming performance.
It's a very nostalgic album, written while Cale was living in Los Angeles and apparently thinking very fondly of cities in Europe that he loves—sort of a soundtrack to a time in his life, not to mention inspired (at least titularly) by the Treaty of Versailles. (Only John Cale could set the Treaty of Versailles to an artistic rock soundtrack nearly half a century after it occurred.) It's been called his most accessible solo work and it's extremely appropriate for our Royce Hall stage considering Cale originally recorded it with the UCLA Philharmonia. He'll be accompanied by a full orchestra here too.
I love the concept of performing albums in their entirety. I've only witnessed it a few times….Roger Waters doing Dark Side of the Moon at the Hollywood Bowl and at Coachella a couple of years ago. The Pixies doing Doolittle at the Palladium just last fall.
It works for me. It's like this ride that you're on with the artists on stage….you know what's coming next, they know you know, and you can just go with it together. It's a beautiful thing.
Obviously it's not appropriate for every single album ever made. I can think of a few of my personal favorites that it just wouldn't be right for.
But I can also think of a few others of those aforementioned soundtracks of my life that I think it might work out with, including The Flaming Lips' Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots, Green Day's American Idiot, (though I suppose I could just go see the Broadway show, don't mock me), Radiohead's OK Computer, The White Stripes' Get Behind Me Satan. (I have yet to truly hone in on why I love that album so much, I'm just going with it).
What do you think of the complete-album performance conceit? What are some of the soundtracks to your life that you might like to experience live and in full?
Even if Paris 1919 may not be on that list (yet), it's sure to be a magical night in Royce Hall. Hope to see you there.
Photo courtesy nati via Flickr.
albumjohncalemusicpopmusicsoundtrackuclalive
Roots and Inspiration
June 30, 2010 Administrator	5 Comments
One of the highlights of our upcoming season for me is Mavis Staples and Billy Bragg: The Hope, Love & Justice tour Nov. 5.
I mean really, yes I am mostly a hyper-emotional sucker who regularly tears up at the "Star Spangled Banner" but I think it would be hard for any music or arts lover to not to get behind the ideas of hope, love and justice.
Looking at our whole lineup of roots music this year has me waxing philosophical about the power of music to inspire, and also waxing nostalgic about my experiences with performing arts and music in Los Angeles.
The first time I'd ever heard of Billy Bragg was also a big first for my Los Angeles music life.
It was sometime in late 2000-early 2001. I'd been living in Orange County for a short while (I know, I know, it was for a job) and had a friend in town who wanted to drive up to the Knitting Factory on Hollywood Blvd. The now-defunct club was hosting Billy Bragg and this was my first live-music experience in Los Angeles outside of a few nights with a friend's band at Brennan's in Marina Del Rey. (I have a soft spot for that place too.)
Anyway, being the Teamster's daughter I am, that first night at the Knitting Factory (RIP) helped instigate an undying love for Billy Bragg, especially punctuated by the Mermaid Avenue albums, which subsequently inspired my unrelenting passion for Wilco. (Side note: Did you know Jeff Tweedy produced Mavis Staples' forthcoming album You Are Not Alone?) Also, if you've never seen this movie, you should totally check it out.
Obviously, ten years later, I've had countless more inspiring live-music experiences all around this amazing city— including feeling the Hollywood Bowl practically levitate in an Underworld glow, nights under the stars at the Greek theater with everyone from the Mars Volta to Tori Amos, countless evenings perched aloft the stage at the Troubador, where one evening many years ago, an Alexi Murdoch performance brought an image to my mind that resulted in my purchase of a sewing machine, which in turn resulted in such a wealth of projects to come out of my tiny apartment that it has often been dubbed "the sweat shop."
In short… music inspires. I've always felt like seeing live music was such a powerful experience. I don't care how big or small the venue is, or if you're close enough to see the sweat on the artist's face or so far away you need binoculars. To me, from that first thrum of sound, you're part of it. You're part of something that didn't exist before and wouldn't exist the same way if you weren't there.
I had a few of those moments in Royce Hall last spring, most notably with Tinariwen, Baaba Maal and the Blind Boys of Alabama. I anticipate many more of those such moments this season, especially thanks to our roots lineup. I hope you'll join us for one or more of those events.
In the meantime, we'd love to hear your comments about acts or venues in this town that have inspired YOU over the years.
Hit me back below!
Welcome to UCLA Live's 2010-11 Season!
June 23, 2010 Administrator	Leave a comment
Greetings true believers,
Jessica Wolf here, senior publicist for UCLA Live. And, well if that salutation doesn't establish me as some kind of pop-culture geek I'm not sure what will. Of course a general penchant for pop-culture geekdom is partially what makes me suited for a gig that requires pumping up the programming of UCLA Live. I think, if you're like me and love music, pop-culture, spoken word and performing arts in general, you'll find much to geek out over too as I say….welcome to UCLA Live's 2010-11 season, which is accompanied by this brand-spanking new UCLA Live website.
Here you'll find a wealth of information on our program, our awesome events, this new "Live Wire" blog, tips on how to get here and where to park (it's really easy!) and oh yes, even buy tickets.
That's right. Tickets are officially on sale today for subscriptions to our 2010-11 season which includes something for every culture lover via a truly vibrant panoply of music, dance and spoken-word. Click around the calendar section, or sit back and flip through our series brochure to read up on the stellar acts we have lined up for you as you make your series selections.
Series subscription prices represent 20% off individual ticket prices, the biggest discount we've ever offered, so grab one (or more) series packages while the grabbing is good (through July 18). You'll get the best possible seats and first dibs on individual tickets to any add-on shows throughout the year. You'll also get the chance to purchase individual tickets to any shows not in your subscriber package a week before they go on sale to the general public Aug. 9. Sign up for our periodic e-news newsletter and we'll keep you in the loop.
Feel like mixing it up? Not a problem. Choose your own UCLA Live 2010-11 adventures with our (aptly titled) Choose-Your-Own subscription offer. You'll save 15% on tickets when you mix and match four or more events.
We want to make sure everyone has the opportunity to enjoy UCLA Live subscriber benefits. To that end, we've established a new payment-plan option this year. Pay half at the time of your order and pay the rest by Aug. 16.
Above all, please enjoy the season. We're incredibly proud of it and proud to be part of the cultural flavor of this fabulous city. This communiqué is reaching you from the basement of Royce Hall where we are all debating what our favorite shows this year are (more to come on that front in a future blog entry). There's so much to choose from.
Visit the Live Wire blog often and share your thoughts on our shows, and even on other performing arts from around the city and country that thrill and inspire you. We love to hear from our patrons and look forward to making some great memories in Royce Hall this year.
Stay tuned…..
subscriber benefitsUCLA Live 2010-11 season


How can I lucid dream more?
I know how to increase normal dreams, but lucid dream are where the good stuff happens. I want to be able to do it more!
Re: How can I lucid dream more?
Simple is real and is not easy.


If I ran the circus / by Dr. Seuss.
Material type: BookPublisher: New York : Random House, �1984Description:  pages : color illustrations ; 29 cm.Content type: text Media type: unmediated Carrier type: volumeISBN: 039480080X (trade); 9780394800806 (trade); 0394900804 (lib. bdg.); 9780394900803 (lib. bdg.); 0394845463 (trade pbk.); 9780394845463 (trade pbk.).Subject(s): Circus -- Poetry | Stories in rhyme | Fantasy | Fantasy -- Juvenile fiction | Circus -- Juvenile poetry | Stories in rhyme -- Juvenile fiction | Circus -- Poetry | Stories in rhyme | Fantasy | Circus | Fantasy | Stories in rhymeGenre/Form: Fiction. | Juvenile works. | Poetry.Additional physical formats: Online version:: If I ran the circus.DDC classification: 816 Summary: A young boy imagines the fantastic animals and incredible acts he will have for his greatest of all circuses.


Insider trading history of Schindermann Rubin at Target Group Inc.
The following table details the trading activities (stock purchases, stock sales, and stock option exercises) reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) by insider Schindermann Rubin since year 2005. The trader's CIK number is 1635896. At the time of the last reporting, Schindermann Rubin was the CEO/Director of Target Group Inc. . (stock ticker symbol CBDY). See this page for all insider trading activities at Target Group Inc. .
Stock purchases, sales, and option exercises reported by insider Schindermann Rubin since 2005.
Insider trading activities including stock purchases, stock sales, and option exercises listed in the above table cannot be completely guaranteed as to their accuracy. For more information regarding the trades made by Schindermann Rubin (CEO/Director of Target Group Inc. at the time of this reporting) see the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) website.


Kaloti Precious Metals, one of the world's largest gold and precious metals refiners and trading houses, is pleased to announce the accreditation of its precious metals testing laboratory located in Dubai, UAE. The company's laboratory was accredited by the Dubai Accreditation Department, part of Dubai Municipality. Kaloti's gold laboratory is the first private sector laboratory in Dubai to receive ISO 17025:2005 accreditation in the field of gold assaying and analysis.
ISO 17025:2005 is the globally recognised standard of accreditation for testing and calibration laboratories. Specifically developed in 2005, it covers testing, sampling and calibration performed using standard methods, non-standard methods, and laboratory-developed methods.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an independent, non-governmental, standard-setting body, which includes representatives from 165 national standards organisations. Its Central Secretariat is based in Geneva, Switzerland.
Ms. Amina Ahmed Mohammed, Director of the Dubai Accreditation Department, said: "The first private sector gold assaying testing laboratory in Dubai has been accredited by the Accreditation Department. The accreditation follows the department's recent request that all private testing laboratories apply international standards of best practice, to determine their technical competency and administrative efficiency, and to provide consumers with a clear means of identifying and selecting reliable service providers. The Dubai Accreditation Department is currently engaged in a long-term project to ensure quality assurance for consumers, and to raise the level of technical services provided to the market, so that Dubai remains competitive on a global scale."


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Goniaea opomaloides är en insektsart som först beskrevs av Walker, F. 1870.  Goniaea opomaloides ingår i släktet Goniaea och familjen gräshoppor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Gräshoppor
opomaloides

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Russia's nuclear doctrine and strategy are modeled after those of the Soviet Union, which sought to dominate other nations by force in the name of communist ideology. Today the communist ideology is gone, but the Soviet threat perception remains the same—Russia considers the United States and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) its main enemies.
During the Cold War, the Soviet economy mainly supported the military. Despite, or perhaps because of, its current economic problems, Russia today continues to put a large share of its national resources into nuclear weapons programs, equating great power status with nuclear capability which may exceed that of the rest of the world combined. Indeed, in 2009, ITAR-TASS, the country's main official news agency, stated that Russia probably had between 15,000 and 17,000 nuclear weapons. The decay of conventional forces in the decades after the dissolution of the Soviet Union made nuclear weapons more important to Russia's leaders.
Declassified Soviet and former Warsaw Pact documents indicate that the Soviets planned to use nuclear weapons first in a general war against the West. Today, Russian military doctrine reserves the right to use nuclear weapons in a conventional war. "The Russian Federation reserves the right to use nuclear weapons in response to the use of nuclear and other types of weapons of mass destruction against it and (or) its allies, as well as in response to large-scale aggression utilizing conventional weapons in situations critical to the national security of the Russian Federation and its allies." This publicly stated policy, developed by President Vladimir Putin when he was Secretary of the Russian National Security Council in 2000, likely understates Russia's thinking on the use of nuclear weapons.
Starting in 1999, Russia began to simulate the first use of nuclear weapons in large theater war exercises. That same year, Defense Minister Marshal Igor Sergeyev stated, "Our Army was forced to launch nuclear strikes first, which enabled it to achieve a breakthrough in the theater situation." For many years, the Russian press has reported that large strategic exercises ended in a massive nuclear strike. In an exercise conducted in 2010, Russia reportedly simulated hundreds of missile launches, and "throughout the world, the mushroom clouds rose skyward." In March 2014, early in the Ukraine crisis, strategic missile troops conducted an exercise that reportedly involved a "massive" nuclear strike. That May, Russia held a large strategic nuclear exercise presided over by President Putin. It ended in what the Defense Ministry called a "massive" nuclear missile launch.
In February 2015, Ilya Kramnik, military correspondent for the news agency RIA Novosti, wrote that the 2010 revision of Russia's military doctrine "further lowered" the threshold for combat use of nuclear weapons.
Until recently, there appears to have been little or no thinking in the United States about how to deter Russian limited nuclear strikes under the de-escalation concept. This seems to be changing. In September 2016, then-Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter stated, "Across the Atlantic, we're refreshing NATO's nuclear playbook to better integrate conventional and nuclear deterrence to ensure we plan and train like we'd fight and to deter Russia from thinking it can benefit from nuclear use in a conflict with NATO, from trying to escalate to de-escalate, as some there call it."7 Secretary Carter gave no details, but this appears to be a step in the right direction.
Deterring precision low-yield nuclear strikes is critical because small nuclear attacks could escalate into a large-scale war. The United States must make an in-kind retaliatory response more credible and do so at minimum cost. There are options for this. The United Kingdom has a sub-strategic Trident SLBM capability in which missiles intended for this role have just a single warhead, probably with a lower yield. The U.S. Navy could acquire a similar capability at minimal cost as part of the warhead life extension programs now under way, giving the nation a survivable low-yield deterrent. A guidance package similar to that proposed for conventional Trident could give such warheads precision strike capability at an affordable cost.
On the manned aircraft side, the readiness level of U.S. and NATO aircraft in Europe that are capable of delivering both conventional and nuclear weapons (currently weeks or longer, according to NATO) could be increased by adjusting training priorities. The option of an earlier initial operating capability for the F-35's nuclear capability should also be considered.
Until President Putin starts taking his own advice, the United States and NATO need to maximize their nuclear deterrent capability as inexpensively as possible, sending a message that Russia will never gain an advantage by trying to "escalate to de-escalate." This will be an important task for the Trump administration.
Status-6: Propaganda Stunt or New Doomsday Weapon?
The intent, as Russian journalist Alexander Golts has observed, was apparently to "scare the world" with a nuclear threat—now a standard mode of operation for the Putin presidency. Status-6 is an example of nuclear saber rattling that may be a way for Putin to devalue or undermine NATO's missile defenses and efforts to secure its eastern member states.
The leaked Kremlin briefing slide stated the weapon was aimed at, "damaging the important components of the adversary's economy in a coastal area and inflicting unacceptable damage to a country's territory by creating areas of wide radioactive contamination..." Russian press reports say that the yield of Status-6 is 100 megatons12—a figure that is likely highly exaggerated. The government-operated daily newspaper Rossiyskaya Gazeta reports that to achieve "extensive radioactive contamination" the weapon "could envisage using the so-called cobalt bomb, a nuclear weapon designed to produce enhanced amounts of radioactive fallout compared to a regular atomic warhead." Submarines—Project 09852 (a special purpose submarine based on the Oscar II class) or Project 09851 (the new Khabarovsk design)—could possibly carry up to six Status-6 drone submarines, according to several sources.
Why are the Russians developing such a weapon? The cost of nuclear-powered drone submarines must be high. Many Russian submarines and surface ships can carry nuclear-armed cruise missiles. In 2005, a Russian Defense Ministry publication stated, "The main strike force of the Navy consists of nuclear-powered submarines, armed with ballistic and cruise missiles with nuclear warheads." In December 2015, President Putin revealed that the new Kalibr ship-launched cruise missile, which is being widely deployed and used in Syria, could carry "special nuclear warheads." Deploying more of them would be cheaper than developing and producing Status-6. Moreover, ship-launched cruise missiles are not limited by the New START Treaty. Some question whether the Kremlin's leak of the Status-6 project was just a propaganda stunt or a psychological operations trick. Trick or not, it is further demonstration that Russia constantly is entertaining new concepts of nuclear war and nuclear weapons that should be a major concern for the West.
1. "Global Trends 2030: Alternative Worlds," National Intelligence Council, December 2012, 69, www.dni.gov/nic/globaltrends.
2. "Russia to Broaden Nuclear Strike Options," RT, 14 October 2009, http://rt.com/news/russia-broaden-nuclear-strike/.
3. Dr. Jacob W. Kipp, "Russia's Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons," Military Review, (May-June 2001), http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/russias_nukes/russias_nukes.htm.
4. "Evidence of Russian Development of New Subkiloton Nuclear Warheads [Redacted]," Intelligence Memorandum, Central Intelligence Agency, 30 August 2000, approved for release October 2005, p. 6, www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/89801/DOC_0001260463.pdf.
5. Ilya Kramnik, "Nevsky and Novomoskovsk: Two Submarines for Putin," Sputnik News, 12 December 2010, http://sputniknews.com/analysis/20101215/161784522.html: Andrey Kislyakov, "Does Russia Need a 'Wet' Missile and One More Tank?," Ria Novosti, 19 January 2008. "Russian Pundit Litovkin Argues Case of Bulava," Ekho Moskvy Radio, 17 July 2009.
6. Robert Work and James Winnefeld, Testimony before the Committee on Armed Services, U.S. House of Representatives, 25 June 25 2015, p. 4, www.docs.house.gov/meetings/AS/AS00/20150625/103669/ HHRG-114-AS00-Wstate-WorkR-20150625.pdf.
7. "Remarks by Secretary Carter to Troops at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota," 26 September 2016, www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript-View/Article/957408/remarks-by-secretary-carter-to-troops-at-kirtland-afb-new-mexico.
8. Julian Isherwood, "Russia Warns Denmark its Warships Could Become Nuclear Targets," London Telegraph.com, 21 March 2015, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/denmark/11487509/Russia-warns-Denmark-its-warships-.
9. Vladimir Isachenkov, "Russia Rejects Western Criticism of Baltic Missile Buildup, AP English Language News, 22 November 2016, abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/nato-criticizes-russian-missiles-poland-lithuania-43714034.
11. "Text of Russian TV reports featuring classified weapon system Status-6," BBC Monitoring Former Soviet Union, November 2015, http://dialog.proquest.com/professional/docview/1732769739?accountid=155509.
12. "Status-6 and Nuclear Strategy Beyond the Tripod," Geopolicraticus.wordpress.com, 12 November 2015, available at http://geopolicraticus.wordpress.com/2015/11/12/status-6-and-nuclear-strategy-beyond-the-tripod/. Patrick Knox, "Russian Nuclear War Plan Leaked: News Report Fails to Blur Out Top Secret Document," London Daily Star, 11 November 2015, available at www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/475022/Nuclear-weapons-document-leaked.
Dr. Schneider is a senior analyst with the National Institute for Public Policy. Before his retirement from the Department of Defense senior executive service, Dr. Schneider served in a number of positions within the Office of Secretary of Defense for Policy including Principal Director for Forces Policy, Principal Director for Strategic Defense, Space and Verification Policy, and Representative to the Nuclear Arms Control Implementation Commissions. He also served in the senior Foreign Service as a member of the State Department policy planning staff.


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Exploration of Antarctic Subglacial Aquatic Environments: Environmental and Scientific Stewardship (2007)
Chapter: Summary
« Previous: Front Matter
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Suggested Citation:"Summary." National Research Council. 2007. Exploration of Antarctic Subglacial Aquatic Environments: Environmental and Scientific Stewardship. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11886.
Antarctica is renowned for its extreme cold; yet liquid water occurs at the base of the Antarctic ice sheet, several kilometers beneath the surface. This discovery was first made in the 1970s by researchers using airborne radio-echo sounding measurements. Using both airborne and surface radar, researchers have now identified more than 145 subglacial lakes (Figure S.1), the largest of which is Lake Vostok with a surface area of 14,000 km2, similar to that of Lake Ontario. In addition, radio-echo sounding data indicate that shallow, swamp-like features the size of several city blocks, as well as water-saturated layers of soils or broken rocks, may exist beneath the ice sheet, giving rise to a wide range of subglacial aquatic environments beyond just the large lakes. All of these subglacial aquatic environments form from meltwater that develops as a result of steady geothermal heat flux from the Earth, the melting point lowering caused by the weight of the overlying ice, and the insulation of the ice sheet. Recent evidence shows that many of the subglacial aquatic environments comprise vast watersheds connected by rivers and streams that flow beneath the ice sheet.
The presence of subglacial lakes on the frozen continent has captured the interest of people, both scientists and nonscientists alike. These lakes and their connected aquatic systems are among the last unexplored places on Earth. Moreover, they have been sealed from free exchange with the atmosphere for millions of years, making it possible for unique microbial communities to exist in these environments. Scientists are excited about the opportunity to observe microbial evolution; to learn about how hydrologic systems below ice sheets are connected, how they function, and how they impact the flow of Antarctic ice; and to discover if sediments in these lakes contain evidence about the climate of the Antarctic over many millions of years, perhaps even before the continent was covered with ice.
Although much can be learned about these environments from remote sensing and ice core data, many of the key questions about these systems require that samples of water, microbial communities, sediments, and underlying rock be obtained. As of early 2007, no one had yet drilled into a lake; thus, the next challenge in the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments is to determine the best way of drilling into, sampling, and monitoring these environments.
FIGURE S.1 Locations of 145 Antarctic Subglacial lakes discovered by scientists from several countries. Most of the lakes are small (less 20 km in length). Currently, Lake Vostok is the only Antarctic subglacial lake about which we have any depth information. A few larger lakes may be up to 1000 m deep. White circles show the locations of Lake Ellsworth (EM) and Lake Vostok (LV). Map inset shows distribution of radio-echo sounding flight lines. SOURCE: Modified from Siegert et al. (2005a). Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University Press.
Currently, no clear protocols or standards for minimizing contamination have been established for subglacial aquatic environments, although general guidelines are provided in the Antarctic Treaty Protocol. Before sampling should proceed, specific protocols that ensure stewardship of the environment and the scientific integrity of the areas under study need to be developed, including sampling methods that minimize microbial and chemical contamination. It is critical to develop appropriate protocols now because planning for entry into these environments is already proceeding. Preparations for sampling Lake Vostok (Box 1.1 in Chapter 1) are well advanced; plans to explore subglacial Lake Ellsworth (Box 1.2 in Chapter 1) have been circulated through the international community; and two other subglacial aquatic environments are under consideration for exploration.
EFFORTS TO GUIDE SUBGLACIAL LAKE EXPLORATION
The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)1 is the international body that initiates, develops, and coordinates scientific research in the Antarctic region. In response to growing scientific and public interest over the exploration of subglacial lakes, SCAR established the Subglacial Antarctic Lake Exploration (SALE) group, composed of scientists from SCAR member nations. The SCAR SALE group has provided international organizing and planning for the exploration of subglacial lake environments. The main objectives of the SCAR SALE program are to understand the formation and evolution of subglacial lake processes and environments; determine the origins, evolution, and maintenance of life in subglacial lake environments; and understand the limnology and paleoclimate history recorded in subglacial lake environments.
One of the key scientific questions posed in the SCAR SALE program concerns the origins, evolution, and maintenance of life in subglacial lakes. The SCAR SALE group speculated that life in subglacial lakes could be unique; thus any attempt to sample the water, the sediment, or the organisms directly should ensure that the subglacial aquatic environment is not contaminated, especially by carbon substrates that might perturb the aquatic ecosystem. The SCAR SALE group recommended an integrated science plan to ensure that one type of investigation does not accidentally adversely affect other investigations; that sampling regimes plan for the maximum interdisciplinary use of the samples; and that all information is shared to promote greater understanding. The SCAR SALE group continues to foster international coordination and collaboration; however, the group has not examined stewardship issues in depth.
CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has requested guidance from the National Academies to suggest a set of environmental and scientific protection standards needed to responsibly explore the subglacial lake environments found under continental-scale ice sheets. In response, the National Research Council of the National Academies created the Committee on the Principles of Environmental and Scientific Stewardship for the Exploration and Study of Subglacial Environments. Specifically, the committee was asked to (see Appendix A for the Statement of Task):
Define levels of "cleanliness" for equipment or devices entering subglacial aquatic environments;
Develop a sound scientific basis for contamination standards recognizing that different stages of exploration may be subject to differing levels of environmental concern; and
Recommend the next steps needed to define an overall exploration strategy.
The committee was also charged to consider existing technology with respect to contamination and to highlight potential needs for technological development; to identify additional scientific studies that are needed to reduce contamination; to assess
SCAR is an interdisciplinary committee of the International Council for Science (ICSU). In addition to its primary scientific role, SCAR also provides objective and independent scientific advice to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings and other organizations on issues of science and conservation affecting the management of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean.
whether it is scientifically beneficial to proceed with exploration now versus later; and to identify potential targets among the many Antarctic subglacial aquatic environments. Early in its deliberations, the committee recognized that subglacial lakes are hydrologically connected to other subglacial aquatic environments including shallow, swamp-like features and thin films of water beneath the ice sheet within the same drainage basin and that the tasks assigned to the committee were applicable to other subglacial aquatic environments. The committee, therefore, considers all subglacial aquatic environments, and not just lakes per se, to be within its charge.
The issue of environmental stewardship for the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments is important to many stakeholders and interested parties, including those from the international community. This committee did not debate whether the current initiatives to explore subglacial lakes should continue, acknowledging that the scientific investigation of subglacial aquatic environments has previously been assessed internationally through the Antarctic Treaty Protocol and that exploration has been accepted as a legitimate activity. The committee recognized that the fundamental responsibility of all parties subject to the Antarctic Treaty is to maintain the best possible environmental stewardship for all activities, while appreciating, as does the Antarctic Treaty, that some impacts are acceptable in pursuit of scientific understanding and that these should be mitigated to the extent practicable.
The committee sought to develop the scientific rationale for setting standards in a manner credible to this wide range of interests. In managing any future activities it is assumed that parties will recognize, as did the committee, that limiting the science to a few sites, encouraging expert collaboration, organizing a stepwise approach, and using the cleanest available technology will all maximize the scientific outputs and minimize the impacts. The committee anticipates this rationale will provide guidance to balance the value of the scientific information to be gained against the potential for alteration of the sites being studied.
ANTARCTIC SUBGLACIAL AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS: STEWARDSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
Although no lake has been sampled directly, Lake Vostok has been studied using remote sensing, chemical and microbiological analyses of lake water that has frozen to the bottom of the Antarctic ice sheet (accretion ice), and geochemical modeling (Figure S.2). Results of these analyses suggest that the upper waters in the lake have a low salinity and possibly extremely high concentration of gases such as oxygen. Lake Vostok has been isolated from the atmosphere for more than 15 million years (Christner et al. 2006); the water, which flows very slowly through the system, is estimated to reside in the lake on the order of tens of thousands of years.
There is some controversy in the peer-reviewed literature about whether there are microorganisms living in Antarctica's subglacial lakes. The controversy is due mainly to the fact that there are currently no samples of lake water, only accreted ice. Based on published reports, the number of microbial cells in the accreted ice of Lake Vostok may be as high as 10,000 or as low as a few recognizable cells per milliliter. The water may also contain low levels of nutrients necessary to support microbial communities; estimates of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations range from undetectable to 250 μmol L−1, the latter being well above concentrations in the open ocean (typically about 70 μmol L−1).
FIGURE S.2 Conceptual representation of processes likely occurring in Lake Vostok. Russian Antarctic Program drilling has penetrated through the ice sheet and into ice refrozen from lake water. Drilling of an additional 75 m is planned for the summer Antarctic season 2007/2008. No details regarding exact ice flow directions or areas of ice accretion are intended. Adapted from SCAR 2006, http://salepo.tamu.edu/scar_sale/presentation). SOURCE: John C. Priscu, Montana State University.
Many types of microbes, including bacteria, yeasts, and fungal spores, are found in low abundances within the ice sheet above the lakes, and some of these microbes may still be viable as they enter the subglacial aquatic environment. As a result, despite the pressure and temperature regime of the subglacial environment, there is a possibility of microbial metabolism and growth. Rates of both growth and evolution are expected to be slow in these environments.
Methods and protocols to minimize contamination have been developed for other unique environments, however the extreme conditions under which the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments is conducted and the logistical constraints of keeping 4 km of drilling equipment sterile pose significant challenges. For example, it is not possible to follow protocols, such as those defined for planetary protection control associated with space exploration, that virtually eliminate microbes on instruments. It may be possible initially to control the quantity of microbes associated with drilling and sampling operations, but drilling through the ice sheet, which itself contains microbes at every level, will inevitably lead to a build up of microbes on equipment and in drilling fluids.
In light of potential adverse consequences on environmental and scientific stewardship, the committee favored a conservative research approach. Until there is definitive data concerning the absence of microbial populations, it should be assumed that microbial life exists. Our current understanding of the sub-ice habitats and their inhabitants is based entirely on indirect observations that range in scope from theoretical predic-
tions to direct chemical and microbiological analyses of accreted ice samples obtained from Lake Vostok. Consequently, the committee considers the identity and diversity of life, the nature of the electron donors and acceptors that support life (if life exists), and all other related ecological and biogeochemical properties as fundamental, but unanswered, questions.
Because it is possible that the concentration and type of microbial cells and organic nutrients may differ from sample to sample, the absence of viable microbes cannot be excluded until adequate sampling is done. It will be necessary to collect samples from several different locations not only within a lake but also within different lake systems. Even when freshly collected samples are available, it will be important to verify all measurements by analyses at several independent laboratories.
CONNECTEDNESS OF SUBGLACIAL LAKES
The presence of vast connected watersheds beneath the ice sheet heightens the need for responsible environmental stewardship during the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments. If any single lake or other subglacial environment were to be altered by adding chemical contaminants or live organisms, the environments connected to the altered lake might also be changed. To minimize potential downstream contamination, responsible exploration requires a clear understanding of the subglacial hydrologic system before initial sampling is done.
GUIDELINES FOR STEWARDSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND PROJECT REVIEW
This report provides an initial framework for the environmental stewardship for the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments. The committee offers both a set of recommendations and a decision tree (Figure S.3 and Box S.1) as a framework and sequence for the environmental management decisions that need to be made at both the international and the national levels in accordance with the Antarctic Treaty Protocol. The framework has the necessary flexibility to be updated and evolve over time as new findings accumulate about drilling and exploration methods, and the biology, and the geology of subglacial regions.
As the science and exploration of subglacial environments grows beyond its infancy, the initial methodologies and protocols recommended in this report will need further development and regular revision. All aspects of management, stewardship, and project review and approval will continue to involve absolute requirements mandated by the Antarctic Treaty, government standards specific to particular parties, and scientific standards such as those recommended by SCAR. The recommendations of the committee are thus intended for integration into this multifaceted framework.
The committee's recommendations can be tracked in the diagram (Figure S.3). Recommendations 1 and 2 state the committee's conclusion that carefully managed scientific research on subglacial lakes should begin while preserving the environment for future potential discoveries through a suitably conservative approach. Working through SCAR, it will be important to develop criteria and research specifications that may be incorporated into management plans for subglacial aquatic environments (Recommendations 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12). Recommendation 12 suggests an initial protocol for the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments that can be used at the national and international levels.
FIGURE S.3 Sequence and framework to address stewardship, management, and project review for subglacial aquatic environments. SOURCE: Dr. Margaret S. Race, Committee Member
BOX S.1
Recommendations for the Scientific and Environmental Stewardship for the Exploration of Subglacial Aquatic Environments
Recommendation 1
Direct exploration of subglacial aquatic environments is required if we are to understand these unique systems. Exploration of subglacial aquatic environments should proceed and take a conservative approach to stewardship and management while encouraging field research.
Exploration protocols should assume that all subglacial aquatic environments contain or may support living organisms and are potentially linked components of a subglacial drainage basin.
As soon as adequate survey data have been gathered to provide a sound basis for description, all subglacial aquatic environments intended for research should be designated Antarctic Specially Protected Areas to ensure that all scientific activities are managed within an agreed international plan and are fully documented.
As soon as adequate survey data have been gathered to provide a sound basis for description, actions should be taken to designate certain exemplar pristine subglacial environments as Antarctic Specially Protected Areas for long-term conservation purposes.
Multinational projects should be encouraged in the study of subglacial aquatic environments, and all projects aiming to penetrate into a lake should be required to undertake a Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation.
The National Science Foundation should work in conjunction with the U.S. representatives to the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research and to the Committee on Environmental Protection to involve all Antarctic Treaty nations in developing a consensus-based management plan for the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments. This plan should seek to develop scientific understanding and ensure that the environmental management of subglacial aquatic environments is held to the highest standards.
Drilling in conjunction with sampling procedures will inevitably introduce microorganisms into subglacial aquatic environments. The numbers of microbial cells contained in or on the volume of any material or instruments added to or placed in these environments should not exceed the minimum concentration of microbes in the basal glacial ice being passed through. Based on research to date, a concentration of 102 cells/ml should not be exceeded, until more data are available.
Drilling in conjunction with sampling procedures will inevitably introduce chemical contaminants into lakes and associated subglacial aquatic environments. Toxic and biodegradable materials should be avoided, as should the introduction of non-miscible substances. At a minimum, the concentrations of chemical contaminants should be documented and the total amount added to these aquatic environments should not be expected to change the measurable chemical properties of the environment. The amount added would be expected to have a minor and/or transitory impact on the environment.
Notwithstanding their compliance with Recommendations 7 and 8, investigators should continue to make every effort practicable to maintain the integrity of lake chemical and physical structure during exploration and sampling of water and sediments.
Recommendation 10
Allowances should be made for certain objects and materials to be placed into experimental subglacial aquatic environments for scientific purposes—for example, for monitoring or tracing dynamics. These additions should follow the microbiological constraints in Recommendation 7 and include discussion of environmental risk versus scientific benefit analysis as required by the Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation.
As the initial step to define an overall exploration strategy, the United States, together with other interested parties, should begin immediately to obtain remote sensing data to characterize a wide range of subglacial aquatic environments. As a second step, preliminary data and samples should be obtained from subglacial aquatic environments as soon as practicable to guide future environmental stewardship, scientific investigations, and technological developments.
Remote sensing of the potential aquatic environments beneath the Antarctic ice sheet is underway but is far from complete. The following actions should proceed in order to make a decision about which subglacial aquatic environments should be studied in the future:
Continent-scale radio-echo sounding data should be assembled and subglacial aquatic environments identified;
All regions where the basal melt-rate is likely high should be identified;
Detailed radio-echo sounding of known lakes should be done;
A hydrologic map of the subglacial drainage system for each catchment should be constructed;
Potential target environments should be identified based on the subglacial drainage system.
Once potential research sites are identified, the likelihood of attaining scientific goals should be evaluated based on the representativeness for other lakes and settings, for accessibility, and for the constraints of logistics and cost. The committee recognizes that plans are underway to sample Lake Vostok, and in the longer term Lake Ellsworth and Lake Concordia. The data collected from these endeavors should be used to assess whether the levels of cleanliness suggested in Recommendation 7 are appropriate.
Research and development should be conducted on methods to reduce microbial contamination throughout the drilling, sampling, and monitoring processes, on methods to determine the background levels of microbes in glacial ice and lake water, and on development of miniaturized sampling and monitoring instruments to fit through the drilling hole. The following methods and technologies need to be improved or developed:
A standard method to ensure cleanliness for drilling, sampling, and monitoring equipment that can be verified in the field;
New ways of drilling through the ice sheet that include drilling fluids that would not be a substrate for microbial growth;
Inert tracers in the drill fluids or fluids used to enter the lake to track the level and distribution of contaminants within the lake;
Methods to determine baseline levels of microbes in the glacial ice and subglacial waters;
Instrumentation scaled to fit through a bore hole, to measure chemistry and biology of these environments and transmit data back to the ice surface;
Methods to provide clean access to the lake water for extended periods.
The committee recognizes that plans are underway to sample Lake Vostok, and in the longer term, Lake Ellsworth and Lake Concordia. The data collected from these endeavors should be used to better assess the requirements of future methodologies and technologies.
Exploration will continue to be subject to formal peer review through the Antarctic Treaty protocols (notably the Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation process), as soon as adequate survey data have been gathered to provide a sound basis for description, and to include comment by SCAR where appropriate. Stewardship for the future is best addressed by establishing a dynamic multinational approach and specific scientific archive that preserves and quantifies pertinent information associated with current scientific research, nationally and internationally (Recommendations 5, 11, 12, 13). Data archiving should include detailed information about drilling components, such as the microbial content of drilling fluids and any material components that may influence future research. The establishment of a microbial archive may become an important new initiative as surface and core microbial populations are sequenced and where possible, identified.
The exploration of subglacial aquatic environments is in its initial stages, with fundamental questions remaining to be answered about these unique environments. Much debate and speculation have occurred based on the limited data available; no definitive answers will be forthcoming until these environments are sampled directly. The existence of these environments on the Antarctic continent makes them a part of the common heritage of all humankind. Accordingly, the management of subglacial aquatic environments requires responsible environmental stewardship while allowing field research in accordance with the Antarctic Treaty. Although this study is being produced by a U.S. scientific advisory body and the National Science Foundation requested the study to guide scientific programs originating in the United States, the committee hopes that its multinational makeup will be recognized and that the recommendations in this report will serve as a basis for broad international discussion about environmental stewardship for the exploration of subglacial aquatic environments.
Next: 1 Introduction »
Exploration of Antarctic Subglacial Aquatic Environments: Environmental and Scientific Stewardship Get This Book
Antarctica is renowned for its extreme cold; yet surprisingly, radar measurements have revealed a vast network of lakes, rivers, and streams several kilometers beneath the Antarctic ice sheet. Sealed from Earth's atmosphere for millions of years, they may provide vital information about microbial evolution, the past climate of the Antarctic, and the formation of ice sheets, among other things. The next stage of exploration requires direct sampling of these aquatic systems. However, if sampling is not done cautiously, the environmental integrity and scientific value of these environments could be compromised. At the request of the National Science Foundation, this National Research Council assesses what is needed to responsibly explore subglacial lakes. Exploration of Antarctic Subglacial Aquatic Environments concludes that it is time for research on subglacial lakes to begin, and this research should be guided by internationally agreed upon protocols. The book suggests an initial protocol, which includes full characterization of the lakes by remote sensing, and minimum standards for biological and other types of contamination.
Front Matter i–x
2 Geological and Geophysical Setting 32–61
3 Subglacial Environments: Biological Features 62–80
4 Drilling and Sampling Technologies and the Potential for Contamination 81–103
5 Antarctic Governance and Implications for Exploration of Subglacial Aquatic Environments 104–113
6 Findings and Recommendations 114–128
A Statement of Task 141–144
B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 145–149
C List of Acronyms 150–152


text:
How Tyson Fury survived 12th-round knockdown: 'I had a holy hand upon me'
Josh Peter
LOS ANGELES — Tyson Fury was flat on his back in the boxing ring at Staples Center Saturday night with his eyes closed, his 6-foot-9 body motionless and his medical condition in question.
His bald head had bounced off the canvas after Deontay Wilder, the 6-foot-7 WBC heavyweight champion, hit Fury in the face with a straight right followed by a left hook.
It was early in the 12th and final round, and Wilder shimmied his shoulders in celebration with referee Jack Reiss about halfway through his 10-count when Fury, the British heavyweight, did something wholly unexpected.
He got up.
To the astonishment of Wilder, a crowd of 17,698 and just about everybody else — including, it turned out, Fury himself.
After barely beating the 10-count and by staying on his feet until the final bell, Fury saved himself from defeat in bout that ended in a split-decision draw and with a mystifying question: How did Fury do it?
Fury's eyes appeared to be closed for about five seconds before he climbed to his feet in the 12th round, and he had survived a knockdown in the ninth round, too.
"How did I get up from the knockdowns? I don't know,'' Fury said. "I had a holy hand upon me tonight and brought me back.''
More:Wilder, Fury fight to draw in controversial decision in title bout
Wilder sounded equally bewildered about the 12th-round dramatics.
"I literally seen this man's eyes roll into the back of his head,'' he said. "Only God knows how he got back up.''
But Fury found another explanation. During his post-fight news conference, when addressing the 12th-round knockdown in greater detail, he reminded people that he's been in more dire situations. Like on the brink of suicide.
"…when I sit here and I say I was on the brink of suicide, I mean suicide,'' Fury said.
A year ago, Fury said, he weighed 400 pounds. He had been out of boxing since November 2015, when he pulled a stunning upset of longtime champion Wladimir Klitschko. After his victory, Fury struggled with the abuse of drugs and alcohol and suffered from mental health issues.
A 2 1/2-year hiatus from the boxing ring ended in June. He won the first of two tuneup fights that improved his record to 27-0 and set him up to fight Wilder, who before Saturday was 40-0 with 39 knockouts.
At the weigh-in on Friday, Wilder wore a black mask and weighed at 212.5 pounds. Fury appropriately arrived unmasked — having shared during prefight interviews details of his substance abuse and mental health issues — and weighed 256.5 pounds.
That meant in a year, Fury had dropped almost 150 pounds. He looked remarkably agile during the Showtime pay-per-view broadcast and provided most of the early entertainment with his showboating, clowning and skillful out-boxing as Wilder swung and missed again and again.…
Eventually, Wilder's thunderous punches landed. But Fury suggested he felt something even stronger when he was on his back with his eyes closed in the 12th round.
"I fought back from suicide and mental health and depression and anxiety and I wanted more than anything tonight to show the world that it can be done,'' he said. "Anything is possible with the right mindset. If you believe in yourself and you sacrifice and you dedicate with the right help. …
"And when I was down, I wasn't just down on the canvas in round 12 for me and my family. I was representing everybody around the world. I had to get back up. I couldn't stay down. I had to get up and show that you can continue, that you can carry on and anything is possible.''


mariaDB and tracks on a central server.
None of both; it's option 3 (I'll explain later).
At least I know what you're talking about, and I've done it; my databases are InnoDB. Also because I have the database running on a stretched Percona cluster, so you can't put it into ISAM.
The reason it's not done regularly is that most users of RadioDJ use the database as a local install on their playout system, and the benefits of InnoDB are on systems with the surplus on capacity that normal computers have these days not really notable.
However, it differs a fraction, and if you're in for it, you can use it.


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