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Chicks Lunch
Water Street Grill
Litchfield Saltwater Grille
Coyote Flaco
Ye Olde Forge Restaurant
Wood Fired, Traditional NY style & Ultra Thin Bar Style pizzas are made with the freshest, highest quality ingredients available. You will taste the difference. We have a wonderful wine list and a selection of 14 beers on
https://www.850degrees.com/
Freight Yard Restaurant and Pub
55 Wine Bar and Restaurant
Ancient Mariner Restaurant
The Ancient Mariner has been in the town of Ridgefield, Connecticut for over 40 years. We are proud of this accomplishment and hope to be around for another 40. The Ancient Mariner is a multi-cuisine restaurant ranging from
https://www.ancientmarinerct.com/
Gateways Inn & Restaurant
Great Trains Holiday Show Wilton Historical Society and Colonial Garden,224 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT 224 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT
29nov(nov 29)12:00 pm20jan(jan 20)5:00 amGreat Trains Holiday Show
The much anticipated Great Trains Holiday Show at the Wilton Historical Society opens the day after Thanksgiving, Friday, November 29, with Santa visiting on December 14! Decorated for the holidays,
The much anticipated Great Trains
Holiday Show at the Wilton Historical Society opens the day after Thanksgiving,
Friday, November 29, with Santa visiting on December 14! Decorated for the
holidays, the Society's historic 18th and 19th century buildings are
transformed into a train-lover's delight, with multiple train layouts in
different gauges winding through tiny towns featuring many different kinds of
buildings, tunnels, and surprises! The interactive display enchants visitors of
all ages with lots of buttons to push and knowledgeable "engineers" on hand to
"talk trains". Members free, non-member
adults $10/ kids $5. Runs November 29 – Monday,
January 20, 2020, Wednesday- Sunday. Wilton Historical Society, 224 Danbury
Road, Wilton, CT 06897 www.wiltonhistorical.org 203-762-7257
Members free, non-member adults $10/ kids $5
November 29 (Friday) 12:00 pm - January 20 (Monday) 5:00 am
Wilton Historical Society and Colonial Garden,224 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT
224 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT
Wilton Historical Society203 762-7257 224 Danbury Rd., Wilton, CT
Third Saturdays The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum,258 Main Street, Ridgefield, CT 06877 258 Main Street, Ridgefield, CT 06877
18jan10:00 am5:00 pmThird Saturdays
In The Studio: Magic Marbling with Lisa Scroggins10 am to 12 noon; 1 to
In The Studio: Magic Marbling with Lisa Scroggins
10 am to 12 noon; 1 to 3 pm
Come out of the cold and join artist and Aldrich Educator Lisa Scroggins in The Studio for an exciting workshop inspired by exhibiting artist Kim Keever! We'll be combining familiar materials like ink and paint with surprising ones, like shaving cream, to create magnificent, fluid patterns and designs on paper. Things may get messy in The Studio, so dress appropriately.
Museum educators will lead an introductory tour of the exhibitions on view. Appropriate for all ages, this tour will travel throughout the galleries, investigate key works of art, and invite conversations and observations.
Free for visitors of all ages
"On Publishing" with authors Sonya Huber, Carol Ann Davis, and Gabi Coatsworth Pequot Library,720 Pequot Ave,Southport,CT 720 Pequot Ave
18jan11:00 am1:00 pm"On Publishing" with authors Sonya Huber, Carol Ann Davis, and Gabi Coatsworth
Who better to learn the ins and outs and the highs and lows of the publishing world from than Fairfield University's MFA Director and author Sonya Huber and incoming
Who better to learn the ins and outs and the highs and lows of the publishing world from than Fairfield University's MFA Director and author Sonya Huber and incoming MFA director, author and Fairfield University English professor Carol Ann Davis. They'll be joined by acclaimed author and writer's resource Gabi Coatsworth.
Come with your questions and get ready to be inspired!
Part of the Writers at Pequot Saturday Lectures
These relaxed and informal talks focus on the craft of writing. Bring your lunch and your questions.
Sonya Huber is an associate professor of creative writing at Fairfield University. She is the author of two books of creative nonfiction, "Cover Me: A Health Insurance Memoir"(2010), finalist for the ForeWord Book of the Year, and "Opa Nobody" (2008), shortlisted for the Saroyan Prize. She has also written a textbook, "The Backwards
Research Guide for Writers: Using Your Life for Reflection, Connection, and Inspiration" (2011), and an e-book, "Two Eyes are Never Enough," available through SheBooks. Her work has been published in "The New York Times," "Creative Nonfiction," "Brevity," "Fourth Genre," "Crab Orchard Review," "Hotel Amerika," "The Chronicle of Higher Education," the "Washington Post Magazine," and other outlets. She received the 2013 Creative Nonfiction Award from "Terrain" and her work appears in "True Stories, Well Told: From the First 20 Years of Creative Nonfiction."
Carol Ann Davis is the author of "Psalm" and "Atlas Hour," both from Tupelo Press. The recipient of a National Endowment of the Arts Fellowship in Poetry and the W. K. Rose Fellowship for the Creative Arts from Vassar College, her work has appeared in "Agni," "American Poetry Review," "Volt," "The Threepenny Review," and on the "ArtBeat" website for PBS' Newshour. Her essay, "The One I Get and Other Artifacts," originally published in "The Georgia Review," was one of five finalists for the 2015 National Magazine Award in the Essays and Criticism Category. Carol Ann Davis served as editor of "Crazyhorse" from 2001-2012. She is Associate Professor of English at Fairfield University and Editor of "Dogwood: A Journal of Poetry and Prose."
Gabi Coatsworth is an award-winning writer who loves to support her fellow writers and storytellers. Her work has been published in a new anthology: "Imagining Monsters," and "Then to Now, A Time Travel Anthology," also in "Tangerine Tango: Women Writers Share Slices of Life" and in many print and online journals. She is currently looking to publish her memoir and is writing a novel in the women's fiction genre.
Piff the Magic Dragon The Ridgefield Playhouse 80 East Ridge, Ridgefield, CT 06877
18jan5:00 pm7:00 pmPiff the Magic DragonRidgefield
Two Shows! Straight from "America's Got Talent – it's the greatest magic performing dragon of all time! Piff the Magic Dragon and his sidekick Mr. Piffles (a Chihuahua) sold
Two Shows! Straight from "America's Got Talent – it's the greatest magic performing dragon of all time! Piff the Magic Dragon and his sidekick Mr. Piffles (a Chihuahua) sold out two shows at The Playhouse in 2015. Don't miss this night jaw-dropping magic tricks and hysterical comedy – think Larry David in a dragon suit blowing your mind with magic tricks!
Voted the Magic Circle's Stage Magician of the Year in 2014, Piff is keen to point out that – even though he is a magician doing tricks dressed in a dragon suit and definitely plays it for laughs – his act is not really suitable for young children.
Piff Private Party tickets available
Ticket prices may vary.
80 East Ridge, Ridgefield, CT 06877
Piff the Magic Dragon The Ridgefield Playhouse,80 E Ridge Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA 80 E Ridge Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
18jan8:00 pmPiff the Magic DragonRidgefield
Two Shows! Straight from "America's Got Talent – it's the greatest magic performing dragon of all time! Piff the Magic Dragon and his sidekick
The Ridgefield Playhouse,80 E Ridge Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
80 E Ridge Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
All My Sons - National Theatre Live in HD Ridgefield Playhouse,80 E Ridge Rd, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA East Ridge Road 80
19jan2:00 pm5:00 pmAll My Sons - National Theatre Live in HD
p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; min-height: 15.0px} Underwritten by Jeanne Cook, Liz & Steven Goldstone, and
Underwritten by Jeanne Cook, Liz & Steven Goldstone, and Sabina & Walter Slavin with support from Whistle Stop Bakery
Encore presentation
by Arthur Miller, directed by Jeremy Herrin
Broadcast live from The Old Vic in London, Academy Award-winner Sally Field (Steel Magnolias, Brothers & Sisters) and Bill Pullman (The Sinner, Independence Day) star in Arthur Miller's blistering drama All My Sons. America, 1947. Despite hard choices and even harder knocks, Joe and Kate Keller are a success story. They have built a home, raised two sons and established a thriving business. But nothing lasts forever and their contented lives, already shadowed by the loss of their eldest boy to war, are about to shatter. With the return of a figure from the past, long buried truths are forced to the surface and the price of their American dream is laid bare. Jeremy Herrin (NT Live: This House) directs the cast, which also includes Jenna Coleman (Victoria), and Colin Morgan (Merlin) alongside Bessie Carter, Oliver Johnstone, Kayla Meikle and Sule Rimi.
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The GridWise Alliance's Grid Modernization Index (GMI), produced in collaboration with Clean Edge, Inc., assesses and ranks all 50 states and the District of Columbia, based upon the degree to which they have moved toward a modernized electric grid.
For the second consecutive edition of the GMI, California ranks highest in the nation overall with a score of 82, and also has the top score in each of the three GMI categories. California's lead over #2 Illinois has increased to nine points, although both states saw an overall decline in their scores as a result of changes to the scoring methodology.
The three states ranked behind California remain unchanged from GMI-3. Illinois comes in second, repeating its best-ever performance from the previous GMI. Texas remains #3, nine points behind Illinois, and there is then a seven-point drop to #4 Maryland.
The GMI ranking system uses a clearly defined set of criteria to evaluate and convey the progress and and impacts of this transformative set of improvements to the states' electricity infrastructure.
GRID OPERATIONS, which benchmarks the deployment of grid modernization technologies such as sensors and smart meters.
Based on data collected from December 2016 to July 2017, the GMI benchmarks states on a wide range of grid modernization policies, investments, and accomplishments; providing insights into the influence policies and regulations have on customer engagement, and grid operations. The GMI-4 report is organized to show overall key takeaways and trends from this year's index, including a deeper discussion of the states with the top overall scores and those with significant improved scores. It then provides an in-depth look at each of the three GMI categories.


The globally distributed ectoparasite Varroa destructor is a vector for viral pathogens of the Western honeybee (Apis mellifera), in particular the Iflavirus Deformed Wing Virus (DWV). In the absence of Varroa low levels DWV occur, generally causing asymptomatic infections. Conversely, Varroa-infested colonies show markedly elevated virus levels, increased overwintering colony losses, with impairment of pupal development and symptomatic workers. To determine whether changes in the virus population were due Varroa amplifying and introducing virulent virus strains and/or suppressing the host immune responses, we exposed Varroa-naive larvae to oral and Varroa-transmitted DWV. We monitored virus levels and diversity in developing pupae and associated Varroa, the resulting RNAi response and transcriptome changes in the host. Exposed pupae were stratified by Varroa association (presence/absence) and virus levels (low/high) into three groups. Varroa-free pupae all exhibited low levels of a highly diverse DWV population, with those exposed per os (group NV) exhibiting changes in the population composition. Varroa-associated pupae exhibited either low levels of a diverse DWV population (group VL) or high levels of a near-clonal virulent variant of DWV (group VH). These groups and unexposed controls (C) could be also discriminated by principal component analysis of the transcriptome changes observed, which included several genes involved in development and the immune response. All Varroa tested contained a diverse replicating DWV population implying the virulent variant present in group VH, and predominating in RNA-seq analysis of temporally and geographically separate Varroa-infested colonies, was selected upon transmission from Varroa, a conclusion supported by direct injection of pupae in vitro with mixed virus populations. Identification of a virulent variant of DWV, the role of Varroa in its transmission and the resulting host transcriptome changes furthers our understanding of this important viral pathogen of honeybees.
Young, D. F., Wignall-Fleming, E. B., Busse, D. C., Pickin, M. J., Hankinson, J., Randall, E. M., Tavendale, A., Davison, A. J., Lamont, D., Tregoning, J. S., Goodbourn, S. & Randall, R. E., 11 Feb 2019, In : PLoS Pathogens. 15, 2, 24 p., e1007561.
Liu, X-J., Yang, B., Huang, S-N., Wu, C-C., Li, X-J., Cheng, S., Jiang, X., Hu, F., Ming, Y-Z., Nevels, M. M., Britt, W. J., Rayner, S., Tang, Q., Zeng, W-B., Zhao, F. & Luo, M-H., 27 Jul 2017, In : PLoS Pathogens. 13, 7, 28 p., e1006542.
Harwardt, T., Lukas, S., Zenger, M., Reitberger, T., Danzer, D., Übner, T., Munday, D. C., Nevels, M. & Paulus, C., 7 Jul 2016, In : PLoS Pathogens. 12, 7, 39 p., e1005748.
Fedosyuk, S., Bezerra, G. A., Radakovics, K., Smith, T. K., Sammito, M., Bobik, N., Round, A., Ten Eyck, L. F., Djinović-Carugo, K., Usón, I. & Skern, T., 14 Dec 2016, In : PLoS Pathogens. 12, 12, 24 p., e1006079.


Paul Campos has an excellent article in The New Republic addressing the craziness of the medical establishment's pronouncements about weight.
After summarizing important findings in the Journal of the American Medical Association study by Katherine Flegal & others that included "overweight" people being healthier than so-called "normal" weight people, Campos comments that in "America's war on fat, the fact that being called "overweight" makes no medical or scientific sense is hardly a trivial point."
Although leading "obesity" experts try to rationalize the Flegal et al. findings away, their rationalizations don't hold up to the scrutiny that Campos and others provide.
Paul Campos is the author of The Obesity Myth , published in paperback as The Diet Myth . Read his New Republic article here.
Please consider supporting The Body Positive, a nonprofit organization promoting healthy living and body acceptance, by voting for the organization's founder, Connie Sobczack, in the Volvo for Life Awards.
Sobczak is a semi-finalist in the Quality of Life category of the Volvo for Life Awards. Every year Volvo selects a few "real-life heroes' who are trying to make the world a better place. Three people will be chosen as winners of the Quality of Life category based upon public voting, and will receive $25,000 for their organizations.
Connie Sobczak founded The Body Positive after her sister died as a result of trying to transform her body into the cultural ideal of beauty. Connie had almost died herself. Both she and her sister Stephanie battled bulimia.
the condition led [Connie] to repeatedly drop out of college and even think about suicide. Almost at her breaking point, she reached out for help and started on the path towards recovery. But her sister Stephanie continued to spiral downwards until her body, overtaxed by her eating disorder and poisoned by the silicone in her leaking breast implants, finally could take no more. She was dead at the age of only thirty-six, and her two young children were without a mother.
In the wake of losing her sister, Connie founded The Body Positive so that other women and girls would not have to risk serious illness or death in order to feel good about their bodies. "The way I see it," Connie says, "body hatred killed my sister." After a decade of work on the project, Connie has come to believe that body acceptance provides a key element in enabling all women to reach their full potential. Education, attention, and care can counter body hatred -- a psychological and physical threat that afflicts women of all ages, manifesting itself in everything from eating disorders to self-mutilation.
The Body Positive promotes the Health At Every Size philosophy, which encourages all people to adopt healthy active lifestyles by becoming physically active, consuming nutritious foods, and acquiring healthy eating attitudes and habits. Connie argues that all children need acceptance and seek inclusion in their peer groups. All children can benefit from shame-free and caring relationships to their bodies, and acceptance of their natural sizes. All children can enjoy fun, non-competitive movement every day. And all children can learn to eat a satisfying balanced diet hat fulfills their own hunger and satiety signals. Since forming its first youth leadership group in 1998, The Body Positive has directly trained hundreds of youth leaders. Over one thousand schools and communities, included 525 school districts in the state of Illinois, have created their own body image programs, based on The Body Positive's youth leadership model. Distributed worldwide, the project's BodyTalk videos have reached an audience of of more than one million children and teens, and Connie has spread the word in numerous TV shows and broadcasts, locally, regionally, and nationally.
Connie Sobczack wants women and girls -- including her own daughter, Carmen -- to focus on changing the world, not their bodies, and sees body acceptance as the final frontier of women's empowerment. Her advocacy comes directly from the struggle of personal experience and the knowledge that her work is literally saving lives. If The Body Positive came on the scene too late to help her own sister, it is not too late to help other women and girls who are feeling the pressure to conform their appearance to an unrealistic ideal.
I've seen several of The Body Project videos, and they are wonderful. Please help raise money for this important organization by voting for Connie in the Volvo for Life Awards. (Click here to go to the webpage at which you can vote.) And spread the word!


Saturday was Birdy's birthday party with my family. Mom, Dad, Aunt Cynj, Aunt Jen and thier kiddos were all able to come and play at our playground and have a party. It was so much fun for the cousins to get together and play with each other in a space big enough for them to all run in.
The menu included yummy chicken salad sandwiches, grapes, veggies and dip, awesome potato salad from Aunt Cynj and chips and salsa made by Grandpa (well, the salsa, not the chips).
They were chocolate-chocolate chip cake with peanutbutter fluff frosting– super yummy. I also used regular canned chocolate frosting to get the half-and-half color effect. I got the idea from a great book I ordered called "Hello Cupcake". It has tons of easy and super-cute cupcake ideas and instructions- I highly recommend it.
Anyway- back to the party. The weather was great. The wind picked up, but it just made it easier to fly kites!
Birdy got a cute princess plate, cup and bowl set and some wildlife cards from the Maughan cousins, the Wren cousins gave her a baby parrot that makes noises and that also has a bottle. Grandma and Grandpa gave her a big Dora house that she and EJ have literally spent hours playing with- mostly peacefully. Aunt Kate and Uncle Matt gave her the perfect "noisy toy" a star that has Dora characters that talk. It is loud. And very popular.
March 25, 2009. Tags: birdy, birthday, cupcake decorating; cousins. Uncategorized.
Birdy looks so cute with her hair up like that.
March 25, 2009 at 7:20 am. Permalink.
Great update Mak. Thanks so much. All the kids look adorable, we're so sad we missed it!
March 26, 2009 at 3:40 pm. Permalink.
It was a great party…when is the next one? We don't need an excuse..just a party.
March 27, 2009 at 4:00 am. Permalink.
For you far away people, Birdy's eyes are that blue!
March 27, 2009 at 12:50 pm. Permalink.
March 29, 2009 at 4:25 am. Permalink.


text:
Clay Aiken Gets Firm Management Deal
By Melinda Newman
"Idol" star switches from 19 Entertainment.
"American Idol" second-season runner-up Clay Aiken has switched management companies from 19 Entertainment to the Firm. Jeff Rabhan and Simon Renshaw are his key managers at the Los Angeles-based company, which will now rep him for music, film and TV.
Aiken is on tour through mid-September. His RCA debut, "Measure of a Man," has sold 2.5 million copies in the United States since its release last fall, according to Nielsen SoundScan.
A spokesman for 19 Entertainment says that the company continues its involvement with Aiken.
"19's relationship with Clay is as strong as ever," maintains the representative. "Nothing contractually has changed. Clay will be taking on additional personal management."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I was born October 31, 1982 in Peoria, Illinois but was raised in Indiana I love writing, reading, and collecting movies I have a collection of 1,038 movies on DVD and blu-ray. My favorite places to go are the library and and any bookstore. I hope to make some kind of living as a writer.


text:
Calibration and Verification of Remote Sensing Instruments and Observations
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Special Issue "Calibration and Verification of Remote Sensing Instruments and Observations"
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2013) | Viewed by 94749
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Special Issue Editor
Dr. Richard Müller
E-Mail Website
German Weather Service, Frankfurter Str. 135, 63067 Offenbach, Germany
Interests: remote sensing of surface radiation; clouds and aerosols; sensor calibration; methods for "merging" in situ data with remote sensing data
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue in Remote Sensing: Remote Sensing in Climate Monitoring and Analysis
Special Issue in Remote Sensing: Remote Sensing of Solar Surface Radiation
Special Issue in Atmosphere: Energy Meteorology
Special Issue in Remote Sensing: Feature Papers for Section Atmosphere Remote Sensing
Special Issue in Atmosphere: 10th Anniversary of Atmosphere: Climatology and Meteorology
Special Issue in Remote Sensing: Artificial Intelligence for Weather and Climate
Satellite instruments are usually well designed and calibrated prior to launch. Unfortunately, no matter how sophisticated the instruments are, they degrade with time e.g. due to thermal, mechanical or electrical effects or exposure to UV radiation. It may be possible to correct this degradation by "recalibration".
Calibration requires a comparison between the measuring instrument and an "absolute" reference standard of known accuracy. On-board calibration units might be interpreted as reference standard, but they are subject to degradation processes as well. Moreover, many satellite sensors (especially in the VIS) are not adjusted by on-board calibration. Once in space the comparison with reference standards of known accuracy is hardly to manage in terms of metrology as a consequence. Many on-the-fly "calibration" methods rely on the analysis of "radiances" over targets. This on-the-fly satellite "calibration" might be better called satellite sensor verification or drift correction (correction of degradation).
For any application dealing with absolute values of atmospheric or surface variables the correction of degradation effects (drift correction) and pre-launch calibration is quite important, not to say a must. Even for the retrieval of relative quantities like the NDVI correction of degradation is an essential issue, because changes in the spectral response function affect the values of NDVI significantly. Further, inter-calibration plays an important role for the generation of homogeneous data sets e.g. across satellite instruments.
Sensor calibration and verification are thus the basis for reliable remote sensing and proper quality of the derived variables and products. However, the pre-launch calibration, on-board calibration and verification ("recalibration") of satellite instruments are quite challenging tasks. Regular instrument maintenance is feasible for other remote sensing observations, but they are also subject to adverse conditions that induce sophisticated challenges for calibration and verification, as well. Because of the great importance of instrument calibration and verification we believe that a special issue will be very helpful for the remote sensing community.
We would like to invite you to contribute to the scientific discussion and progress in this field by submission of manuscripts, especially with respect to.
-Methods and instruments for pre-launch calibration.
-Methods and instruments for on-board calibration.
-Methods for on-the-fly verification ("recalibration"); the correction of instrument degradation.
-Methods and instruments for remote sensing under adverse environmental or technical conditions.
-Methods for inter-calibration
Manuscript Submission Information
Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.
Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.
satellite instrument verification
satellite instrument calibration
calibration/verification of remote sensing observations
pre-launch calibration; on-board calibration
correction of degradation
spectral response function
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Remote Sens. 2014, 6(6), 5692-5695; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6065692 - 17 Jun 2014
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5088
Satellite instruments are nowadays a very important source of information. The physical quantities (essential variables) derived from satellites are utilized in a wide field of applications, in particular in atmospheric physics and geoscience. In contrast to ground measurements the physical quantities are not [...] Read more.
Satellite instruments are nowadays a very important source of information. The physical quantities (essential variables) derived from satellites are utilized in a wide field of applications, in particular in atmospheric physics and geoscience. In contrast to ground measurements the physical quantities are not directly measured, but have to be retrieved from satellite observations. Satellites observe hereby the reflection or emission of radiation by the Earth's surface or atmosphere, which enables the retrieval of respective physical quantities (essential variables). The physical basis for the retrieval is the interaction of the radiation with the Earth's atmosphere and surface. This interaction is defined by radiative transfer, which favors the use of radiances and their respective units within retrieval methods. [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Calibration and Verification of Remote Sensing Instruments and Observations)
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The Improved NRL Tropical Cyclone Monitoring System with a Unified Microwave Brightness Temperature Calibration Scheme
Song Yang
Jeffrey Hawkins
Remote Sens. 2014, 6(5), 4563-4581; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6054563 - 19 May 2014
The near real-time NRL global tropical cyclone (TC) monitoring system based on multiple satellite passive microwave (PMW) sensors is improved with a new inter-sensor calibration scheme to correct the biases caused by differences in these sensor's high frequency channels. Since the PMW sensor [...] Read more.
The near real-time NRL global tropical cyclone (TC) monitoring system based on multiple satellite passive microwave (PMW) sensors is improved with a new inter-sensor calibration scheme to correct the biases caused by differences in these sensor's high frequency channels. Since the PMW sensor 89 GHz channel is used in multiple current and near future operational and research satellites, a unified scheme to calibrate all satellite PMW sensor's ice scattering channels to a common 89 GHz is created so that their brightness temperatures (TBs) will be consistent and permit more accurate manual and automated analyses. In order to develop a physically consistent calibration scheme, cloud resolving model simulations of a squall line system over the west Pacific coast and hurricane Bonnie in the Atlantic Ocean are applied to simulate the views from different PMW sensors. To clarify the complicated TB biases due to the competing nature of scattering and emission effects, a four-cloud based calibration scheme is developed (rain, non-rain, light rain, and cloudy). This new physically consistent inter-sensor calibration scheme is then evaluated with the synthetic TBs of hurricane Bonnie and a squall line as well as observed TCs. Results demonstrate the large TB biases up to 13 K for heavy rain situations before calibration between TMI and AMSR-E are reduced to less than 3 K after calibration. The comparison stats show that the overall bias and RMSE are reduced by 74% and 66% for hurricane Bonnie, and 98% and 85% for squall lines, respectively. For the observed hurricane Igor, the bias and RMSE decrease 41% and 25% respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of TB calibrations between PMW sensors in order to systematically monitor the global TC life cycles in terms of intensity, inner core structure and convective organization. A physics-based calibration scheme on TC's TB corrections developed in this study is able to significantly reduce the biases between different PMW sensors. Full article
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Assessment and Correction of on-Orbit Radiometric Calibration for FY-3 VIRR Thermal Infrared Channels
Na Xu
Xiuqing Hu
Liyang Zhang
Remote Sens. 2014, 6(4), 2884-2897; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6042884 - 28 Mar 2014
FengYun-3 (FY-3) Visible Infrared Radiometer (VIRR), along with its predecessor, Multispectral Visible Infrared Scanning Radiometer (MVISR), onboard FY-1C&D have had continuous global observation more than 14 years. This data record is valuable for weather prediction, climate monitoring, and environment research. Data quality is [...] Read more.
FengYun-3 (FY-3) Visible Infrared Radiometer (VIRR), along with its predecessor, Multispectral Visible Infrared Scanning Radiometer (MVISR), onboard FY-1C&D have had continuous global observation more than 14 years. This data record is valuable for weather prediction, climate monitoring, and environment research. Data quality is vital for satellite data assimilations in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and quantitative remote sensing applications. In this paper, the accuracies of radiometric calibration for VIRR onboard FY-3A and FY-3B, in thermal infrared (TIR) channels, are evaluated using the Low Earth Orbit (LEO)-LEO simultaneous nadir overpass intercalibration method. Hyperspectral and high-quality observations from Infrared Atmosphere Sounding Instrument (IASI) onboard METOP-A are used as reference. The biases of VIRR measurements with respect to IASI over one-and-a-half years indicate that the TIR calibration accuracy of FY-3B VIRR is better than that of FY-3A VIRR. The brightness temperature (BT) measured by FY-3A/VIRR is cooler than that measured by IASI with monthly mean biases ranging from −2 K to −1 K for channel 4 and −1 K to 0.2 K for channel 5. Measurements from FY-3B/VIRR are more consistent with that from IASI, and the annual mean biases are 0.84 ± 0.16 K and −0.66 ± 0.18 K for channels 4 and 5, respectively. The BT biases of FY-3A/VIRR show scene temperature-dependence and seasonal variation, which are not found from FY-3B/VIRR BT biases. The temperature-dependent biases are shown to be attributed to the nonlinearity of detectors. New nonlinear correction coefficients of FY-3A/VIRR TIR channels are reevaluated using various collocation samples. Verification results indicate that the use of the new nonlinear correction can greatly correct the scene temperature-dependent and systematic biases. Full article
Initial Stability Assessment of S-NPP VIIRS Reflective Solar Band Calibration Using Invariant Desert and Deep Convective Cloud Targets
Rajendra Bhatt
David R. Doelling
Aisheng Wu
Xiaoxiong Xiong
Benjamin R. Scarino
Conor O. Haney
Arun Gopalan
The latest CERES FM-5 instrument launched onboard the S-NPP spacecraft will use the VIIRS visible radiances from the NASA Land Product Evaluation and Analysis Tool Elements (PEATE) product for retrieving the cloud properties associated with its TOA flux measurement. In order for CERES [...] Read more.
The latest CERES FM-5 instrument launched onboard the S-NPP spacecraft will use the VIIRS visible radiances from the NASA Land Product Evaluation and Analysis Tool Elements (PEATE) product for retrieving the cloud properties associated with its TOA flux measurement. In order for CERES to provide climate quality TOA flux datasets, the retrieved cloud properties must be consistent throughout the record, which is dependent on the calibration stability of the VIIRS imager. This paper assesses the NASA calibration stability of the VIIRS reflective solar bands using the Libya-4 desert and deep convective clouds (DCC). The invariant targets are first evaluated for temporal natural variability. It is found for visible (VIS) bands that DCC targets have half of the variability of Libya-4. For the shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands, the desert has less variability. The brief VIIRS record and target variability inhibits high confidence in identifying any trends that are less than ±0.6%/yr for most VIS bands, and ±2.5%/yr for SWIR bands. None of the observed invariant target reflective solar band trends exceeded these trend thresholds. Initial assessment results show that the VIIRS data have been consistently calibrated and that the VIIRS instrument stability is similar to or better than the MODIS instrument. Full article
Spectral Aging Model Applied to Meteosat First Generation Visible Band
Ilse Decoster
Nicolas Clerbaux
Edward Baudrez
Steven Dewitte
Alessandro Ipe
Stijn Nevens
Almudena Velazquez Blazquez
Jan Cornelis
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5922
The Meteosat satellites have been operational since the early eighties, creating so far a continuous time period of observations of more than 30 years. In order to use this data for climate data records, a consistent calibration is necessary between the consecutive instruments. [...] Read more.
The Meteosat satellites have been operational since the early eighties, creating so far a continuous time period of observations of more than 30 years. In order to use this data for climate data records, a consistent calibration is necessary between the consecutive instruments. Studies have shown that the Meteosat First Generation (MFG) satellites (1982–2006) suffer from in-flight degradation which is spectral of nature and is not corrected by the official calibration of EUMETSAT. Continuing on previous published work by the same authors, this paper applies the spectral aging model to a set of clear-sky and cloudy targets, and derives the model parameters for all six MFG satellites (Meteosat-2 to -7). Several problems have been encountered, both due to the instrument and due to geophysical occurrences, and these are discussed and illustrated here in detail. The paper shows how the spectral aging model is an improvement compared to the EUMETSAT calibration method with a stability of 1%–2% for Meteosat-4 to -7, which increases up to 6% for ocean sites using the full MFG time period. Full article
Supplementary File 1 (PDF, 2050 KiB)
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Tuz Gölü, Turkey as a Potential Radiometric Vicarious Calibration Site
Vincent O. Odongo
Nicholas A. S. Hamm
Edward J. Milton
The paper provides an assessment of Tuz Gölü, a site in Turkey proposed for the radiometric vicarious calibration of satellite sensors, in terms of its spatial homogeneity as expressed in visible and near-infrared (VNIR) wavelengths over a 25-year period (1984–2009). By combining the [...] Read more.
The paper provides an assessment of Tuz Gölü, a site in Turkey proposed for the radiometric vicarious calibration of satellite sensors, in terms of its spatial homogeneity as expressed in visible and near-infrared (VNIR) wavelengths over a 25-year period (1984–2009). By combining the coefficient of variation (CV) and Getis statistic (Gi*), a spatially homogenous and temporally stable area at least 720 m × 330 m in size was identified. Analysis of mid-summer Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images acquired over the period 1984–2009 showed that the hemispherical-directional reflectance factor of this area had a spatial variability, as defined by the CV, in the range of 0.99% to 3.99% in Landsat TM bands 2–4. This is comparable with the reported variability of other test sites around the world, but this is the first time an area has been shown to have this degree of homogeneity over such a long period of time. Full article
Multi-Mission Cross-Calibration of Satellite Altimeters: Constructing a Long-Term Data Record for Global and Regional Sea Level Change Studies
Wolfgang Bosch
Denise Dettmering
Christian Schwatke
Cited by 85 | Viewed by 10286
Climate studies require long data records extending the lifetime of a single remote sensing satellite mission. Precise satellite altimetry exploring global and regional evolution of the sea level has now completed a two decade data record. A consistent long-term data record has to [...] Read more.
Climate studies require long data records extending the lifetime of a single remote sensing satellite mission. Precise satellite altimetry exploring global and regional evolution of the sea level has now completed a two decade data record. A consistent long-term data record has to be constructed from a sequence of different, partly overlapping altimeter systems which have to be carefully cross-calibrated. This cross-calibration is realized globally by adjusting an extremely large set of single- and dual-satellite crossover differences performed between all contemporaneous altimeter systems. The total set of crossover differences creates a highly redundant network and enables a robust estimate of radial errors with a dense and rather complete sampling for all altimeter systems analyzed. An iterative variance component estimation is applied to obtain an objective relative weighting between altimeter systems with different performance. The final time series of radial errors is taken to estimate (for each of the altimeter systems) an empirical auto-covariance function. Moreover, the radial errors capture relative range biases and indicate systematic variations in the geo-centering of altimeter satellite orbits. The procedure has the potential to estimate for all altimeter systems the geographically correlated mean errors which is not at all visible in single-satellite crossover differences but maps directly to estimates of the mean sea surface. Full article
Multi-Sensor Calibration Studies of AVHRR-Heritage Channel Radiances Using the Simultaneous Nadir Observation Approach
Karl-Göran Karlsson
Remote Sens. 2014, 6(3), 1845-1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6031845 - 27 Feb 2014
The European Space Agency project for studies of cloud properties in the Climate Change Initiative programme (ESA-CLOUD-CCI) aims at compiling the longest possible time series of cloud products from one single multispectral sensor—The five-channel Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument. A particular [...] Read more.
The European Space Agency project for studies of cloud properties in the Climate Change Initiative programme (ESA-CLOUD-CCI) aims at compiling the longest possible time series of cloud products from one single multispectral sensor—The five-channel Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument. A particular aspect here is to include corresponding products based on other existing (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR), MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Visible and Infrared Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)) and future Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) sensors measuring in similar (AVHRR-heritage) spectral channels. Initial inter-comparisons of the involved AVHRR-heritage channel radiances over a short demonstration period (2007–2009) were performed. Using Aqua-MODIS as reference, AVHRR (NOAA-18), AATSR, and MERIS channel radiances were evaluated using the simultaneous nadir (SNO) approach. Results show generally agreeing radiances within approximately 3% for channels at 0.6 µm and 0.8 µm. Larger deviations (+5%) were found for the corresponding AATSR channel at 0.6 µm. Excessive deviations but with opposite sign were also indicated for AATSR 1.6 µm and MERIS 0.8 µm radiances. Observed differences may largely be attributed to residual temporal and spatial matching differences while excessive AATSR and MERIS deviations are likely partly attributed to incomplete compensation for spectrally varying surface and atmospheric conditions. However, very good agreement was found for all infrared channels among all the studied sensors. Here, deviations were generally less than 0.2% for the measured brightness temperatures with the exception of some remaining non-linear deviations at extreme low and high temperatures. Full article
Vicarious Calibration of Beijing-1 Multispectral Imagers
Zhengchao Chen
Bing Zhang
Hao Zhang
Wenjuan Zhang
For on-orbit calibration of the Beijing-1 multispectral imagers (Beijing-1/MS), a field calibration campaign was performed at the Dunhuang calibration site during September and October of 2008. Based on the in situ data and images from Beijing-1 and Terra/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), three [...] Read more.
For on-orbit calibration of the Beijing-1 multispectral imagers (Beijing-1/MS), a field calibration campaign was performed at the Dunhuang calibration site during September and October of 2008. Based on the in situ data and images from Beijing-1 and Terra/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), three vicarious calibration methods (i.e., reflectance-based, irradiance-based, and cross-calibration) were used to calculate the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance of Beijing-1. An analysis was then performed to determine or identify systematic and accidental errors, and the overall uncertainty was assessed for each individual method. The findings show that the reflectance-based method has an uncertainty of more than 10% if the aerosol optical depth (AOD) exceeds 0.2. The cross-calibration method is able to reach an error level within 7% if the images are selected carefully. The final calibration coefficients were derived from the irradiance-based data for 6 September 2008, with an uncertainty estimated to be less than 5%. Full article
Absolute Calibration of Optical Satellite Sensors Using Libya 4 Pseudo Invariant Calibration Site
Nischal Mishra
Dennis Helder
Amit Angal
Jason Choi
The objective of this paper is to report the improvements in an empirical absolute calibration model developed at South Dakota State University using Libya 4 (+28.55°, +23.39°) pseudo invariant calibration site (PICS). The approach was based on use of the Terra MODIS as [...] Read more.
The objective of this paper is to report the improvements in an empirical absolute calibration model developed at South Dakota State University using Libya 4 (+28.55°, +23.39°) pseudo invariant calibration site (PICS). The approach was based on use of the Terra MODIS as the radiometer to develop an absolute calibration model for the spectral channels covered by this instrument from visible to shortwave infrared. Earth Observing One (EO-1) Hyperion, with a spectral resolution of 10 nm, was used to extend the model to cover visible and near-infrared regions. A simple Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution function (BRDF) model was generated using Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations over Libya 4 and the resulting model was validated with nadir data acquired from satellite sensors such as Aqua MODIS and Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+). The improvements in the absolute calibration model to account for the BRDF due to off-nadir measurements and annual variations in the atmosphere are summarized. BRDF models due to off-nadir viewing angles have been derived using the measurements from EO-1 Hyperion. In addition to L7 ETM+, measurements from other sensors such as Aqua MODIS, UK-2 Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC), ENVISAT Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) onboard Landsat 8 (L8), which was launched in February 2013, were employed to validate the model. These satellite sensors differ in terms of the width of their spectral bandpasses, overpass time, off-nadir-viewing capabilities, spatial resolution and temporal revisit time, etc. The results demonstrate that the proposed empirical calibration model has accuracy of the order of 3% with an uncertainty of about 2% for the sensors used in the study. Full article
The Application of Deep Convective Clouds in the Calibration and Response Monitoring of the Reflective Solar Bands of FY-3A/MERSI (Medium Resolution Spectral Imager)
Remote Sens. 2013, 5(12), 6958-6975; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5126958 - 12 Dec 2013
Based on simulated reflectance, deep convective clouds (DCC) can be used as an invariant target to monitor the radiometric response degradation of the FY-3A/MERSI (Medium Resolution Spectral Imager) reflective solar bands (RSBs). The long-term response of the MERSI RSBs can easily be predicted [...] Read more.
Based on simulated reflectance, deep convective clouds (DCC) can be used as an invariant target to monitor the radiometric response degradation of the FY-3A/MERSI (Medium Resolution Spectral Imager) reflective solar bands (RSBs). The long-term response of the MERSI RSBs can easily be predicted using a quadratic fit of the monthly DCC mean reflectance, except for bands 6 and 7, which suffer from instrument anomalies. DCC-based degradations show that the blue bands (λ < 500 nm) and water-vapor bands have degraded significantly, whereas for near-infrared bands, the total degradations in four years are within 3% (excluding bands 3 and 20). For most bands, the degradation rates are greatest during the first year in orbit and decrease over time. The FY-3A/MERSI degradation results derived from DCC are consistent within 2.5%, except for bands, 11, 18 and 19, when compared with Aqua/MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Sepetroradiometer) inter-calibration, multi-site invariant earth target calibration and the CRCS(Chinese Radiometric Calibration Site) Dunhuang desert vicarious calibration methods. Overall, the 2σ/mean degradation uncertainty for most MERSI bands was within 3%, validating the temporal stability of the DCC monthly mean reflectances. The DCC method has reduced the degradation uncertainties for MERSI water vapor bands over other methods. This is a significant advantage of the DCC calibration method. The saturation of some MERSI bands may hinder the effectiveness of the DCC calibration approach. Full article
Hierarchical Bayesian Data Analysis in Radiometric SAR System Calibration: A Case Study on Transponder Calibration with RADARSAT-2 Data
Björn J. Döring
Kersten Schmidt
Matthias Jirousek
Daniel Rudolf
Jens Reimann
Sebastian Raab
John Walter Antony
Marco Schwerdt
A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system requires external absolute calibration so that radiometric measurements can be exploited in numerous scientific and commercial applications. Besides estimating a calibration factor, metrological standards also demand the derivation of a respective calibration uncertainty. This uncertainty is currently [...] Read more.
A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system requires external absolute calibration so that radiometric measurements can be exploited in numerous scientific and commercial applications. Besides estimating a calibration factor, metrological standards also demand the derivation of a respective calibration uncertainty. This uncertainty is currently not systematically determined. Here for the first time it is proposed to use hierarchical modeling and Bayesian statistics as a consistent method for handling and analyzing the hierarchical data typically acquired during external calibration campaigns. Through the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations, a joint posterior probability can be conveniently derived from measurement data despite the necessary grouping of data samples. The applicability of the method is demonstrated through a case study: The radar reflectivity of DLR's new C-band Kalibri transponder is derived through a series of RADARSAT-2 acquisitions and a comparison with reference point targets (corner reflectors). The systematic derivation of calibration uncertainties is seen as an important step toward traceable radiometric calibration of synthetic aperture radars. Full article
Analysis and Inter-Calibration of Wet Path Delay Datasets to Compute the Wet Tropospheric Correction for CryoSat-2 over Ocean
M. Joana Fernandes
, Alexandra L. Nunes and
Clara Lázaro
Remote Sens. 2013, 5(10), 4977-5005; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5104977 - 14 Oct 2013
Unlike most altimetric missions, CryoSat-2 is not equipped with an onboard microwave radiometer (MWR) to provide wet tropospheric correction (WTC) to radar altimeter measurements, thus, relying on a model-based one provided by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In the ambit [...] Read more.
Unlike most altimetric missions, CryoSat-2 is not equipped with an onboard microwave radiometer (MWR) to provide wet tropospheric correction (WTC) to radar altimeter measurements, thus, relying on a model-based one provided by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In the ambit of ESA funded project CP4O, an improved WTC for CryoSat-2 data over ocean is under development, based on a data combination algorithm (DComb) through objective analysis of WTC values derived from all existing global-scale data types. The scope of this study is the analysis and inter-calibration of the large dataset of total column water vapor (TCWV) products from scanning MWR aboard Remote Sensing (RS) missions for use in the WTC computation for CryoSat-2. The main issues regarding the computation of the WTC from all TCWV products are discussed. The analysis of the orbital parameters of CryoSat-2 and all other considered RS missions, their sensor characteristics and inter-calibration is presented, providing an insight into the expected impact of these datasets on the WTC estimation. The most suitable approach for calculating the WTC from TCWV is investigated. For this type of application, after calibration with respect to an appropriate reference, two approaches were found to give very similar results, with root mean square differences of 2 mm. Full article
Displaying articles 1-13
Remote Sens., EISSN 2072-4292, Published by MDPI
https://www.mdpi.com/si/2558


text:
Resources > Philemon ×
Chapter &nbsp1 All
Welcome Onesimus as a Brother in the Lord
Philemon 1:1~25
Questions Philemon 1:1-25 Key Verse: 1:16-17 "...no longer as a slave, but better than a slave, as a dear brother. He is very dear to me but even dearer to you, both as a fellow man and as a ....
Introduction to Philemon
Philemon 1:1-25 Key Verse: 1:16-17 "...no longer as a slave, but better than a slave, as a dear brother. He is very dear to me but even dearer to you, both as a fellow man and as a broth....
By 12-22-2013 28
Philemon 1:1-25 Key Verse: 1:16-17 Introduction to Philemon WELCOME ONESIMUS AS A BROTHER IN THE LORD Key Verses: 1:16-17 "...no longer as a slave, but better than a....
HEART OF CHRIST
Dr. Samuel Lee > Epistles(NT)
By Dr. Samuel Lee 08-19-2000 52
Philemon1-25 Key Verses: 10,11 1. Read verses 1-3. What does Paul mean by introducing himself as a prisoner of Christ Jesus? What do verses 1b-2 tell about the recipients of Paul's letter?....


Lovely and versatile - a cover-up to show off wherever you go.
Just right for a brisk autumn walk, this softly draping hoodie feels like an old friend. The designer uses simple stitches and ingenious construction to make all the elements fall together with beautiful ease.
Finished Size: 37 ½ (41, 45, 49, 52)" (95 [104, 114.5, 124.5, 132] cm) chest/bust circumference. Sweater shown measures 45" (114.5 cm).
Gauge: 13 hdc and 14 rows = 4" (10 cm) in granite st patt; 16 rows = 5" (12.5 cm) in insert band patt.
Needles: Hooks: Size H/8 (5 mm). Adjust hook size as necessary to obtain the correct gauge.


2 BEDROOMS, FEATURING A LARGE MASTER WITH SITTING RETREAT AREA & 3 LARGE CLOSEST! SUNFILLED LIVING/DINING & KITCHEN ON MAIN LEVEL WITH WALK OUT TO PRIVATE PATIO!
SEPARATE OUTSIDE LOCKER NEXT TO UNIT! FINISHED BASEMENT WITH REC ROOM & OFFICE OR PLAY AREA.
THIS IS A MUST SEE...NOW!


Upon reviewing your application we will post on your application an accepted/rejected reply. You will also receive a friend request from an officer please accept and you will be given directions to join.
i go to a other town to cut hair ?


A strikingly pretty flower, quite common in early spring and unmistakable. Flowers are pale to mid-blue with a white center. Black dots and dark blue veins may mark the petals. Pure white forms are occasionally found and there is a separate variety (var. atomaria) which is pure white with black dots from the center more or less to the petal margin. The photo on the right may represent this variety but may also simply be a white form of var. menziesii.
The tiny flowers are no more than 5 mm across, pure white or pale blue but without any dark spots or streaks. Styles and stamens are included. Leaves are asymmetric and noticeably hairy, 1–4 cm long and generally 5-lobed.
Very common in early spring in woodland. It has a vine-like, sprawling growth habit with a profusion of bluish-purple (occasionally lighter-colored) flowers. Related to Baby Blue-eyes (Nemophila menziesii), it has the same reflexed appendages between the sepals. These and the stems have small hooks which readily attach to clothing – hence its use as an inexpensive corsage.
Much less common than the purple-colored Fiesta Flower (Pholistoma auritum) but with a similar vine-like, sprawling growth habit. Its flowers are smaller (< 1 cm across) and pure white with a purple spot on each lobe. Often found in profusion.
An erect plant with a loose, sprawling growth habit. Many small flowers, 4–8 mm across, generally 8–15 per branch. Flowers are bell-shaped, whitish with blue-purple veins. Leaves are glandular and ciliate, 2–3-pinnately lobed. Lower leaves are larger than the upper. Unlike the Nemophila and Pholistoma, there are no appendages between the calyx lobes.


Open Communication envisions a world in which people are connected to their compassionate nature and live in healthy, peaceful balance with themselves, other people, the environment and other species.
To me this photo symbolizes the empathy process.
The clouds represent our thoughts and emotions, that come and go like clouds in the sky.
The oak represents the strong, slowly growing self. Given healthful nourishment (including empathy), it grows in beauty and expansiveness, providing shade and food for others over a wide expanse.
The still water represents the person holding empathy, becoming so internally still that their heart knows just what to say or not say. The person holding empathy is a mirror reflecting the beautiful wholeness of the person sharing, even when the speaker can't see it.
The slight ripple in the water represents that few of us hold pure empathy 100% of the time. Each ripple reminds us that our own emotions may surface, giving us an opportunity to mindfully return to stillness.


Admins are the core of any successful Space, and we've made changes that we hope will improve the experience of those running spaces.
Why is Quora policy hostile to hyper-personal questions about one specific situation?
Why does Quora remove intriguing personal questions?
Elliott Mason, moderate-to-heavy user, part-time Topic Gnome, redirector, and question-fixer.
Quora's ideal question is reusable, durable, and thought-provoking. Personal questions are seldom any of those, and usually none.


text:
A data science tutorial using NBA data

## Prerequisites
This tutorial assumes you have a basic, working knowledge of Python and of Git. In addition, you'll need to have the following installed on your computer:
- [Python 2.7](https://www.python.org/downloads/) (not 3.x!)
- [Git](https://msysgit.github.io/)
- A [GitHub account](https://github.com/join). There are some great tutorials on getting your computer setup with GitHub: https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git/

## Preparation
### Fork the repository
Hit the fork button at the repository home (http://github.com/nsamala/py-datascience). This will give you a copy of the repository to mess around with as you please.

Once that is complete, make a note of the HTTPS clone url (found in the bottom right of the webpage for your forked repository) and run the following commands in a terminal on your computer:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/[YOUR USERNAME]/py-datascience.git && cd py-datascience
```

### Setup Travis CI (for unit testing)
As you complete programming assignments, you'll want to test them for correctness. We'll use Travis CI to automatically run tests against your code each time you push changes.
Go to [Travis CI](https://travis-ci.org) and login with your GitHub account. Hit the toggle switch next to py-datascience to enable builds for your repository.

## Run a test
If you trigger the code to build as is, it will fail. You can try this on the Travis CI interface. Let's get it working before we continue:
Add the following code to the `code.py` file:
```python
def add(x, y):
	return x + y

def increment(x):
	return add(x, 1)

def hello():
	return "world"
```

You can test these changes locally by running `python tests.py`. If everything went to plan, you should get 3 passed tests. Now push the changes to GitHub:

```bash
git add --all
git commit -m "passed the first test"
git push
```

You should see all of the tests pass in Travis CI.

## Lessons
- Lesson 1: [Loading + Parsing your data](lessons/LoadParseData.md)
- Lesson 2: [Analyzing data](lessons/AnalyzeData.md)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you are serious about suceeding with your studies, The Study Skills Handbook is for you! Stella Cottrell has helped hundreds of students to make learning easier, faster and enjoyable. Recognising that we all have our own unique formula for success, her tried and tested approach allows you to find the key to unlock your potential and develop the skills you need to improve your grades, build your confidences and plan the future you want.
Chapters on all the core study skills - including research, critical thinking, academic writing, revision, team work and more.
Illustrations and a strong visual design - acting as memory joggers, reinforcing learning, and making the book more accessible, fun and engaging.
No matter whether you have just left school or college, whether you are a mature, part-time or international student, The Study Skills Handbook is your passport to success.
Many many activities to keep you busy in this text book. I used the Study guide more than this book but still a very useful resource and worth having.
Read Homer once, and you can read no more; For all books else appear so mean, so poor, Verse will seem prose; but still persist to read, And Homer will be all the books you need.


Pinterest is a huge resource. Essentially it is a compilation of lots of information that people have uploaded to it in a visual format. You can use this for a number of things, from finding recipes, to travel inspiration, to learning resources. If you have interesting content, then chances are you have something to offer Pinterest. If you're struggling to hit the ground running, here are some tips to boost your Pinterest presence.
First and foremost, switch your Pinterest account to a business account. This allows you to access your analytics. You can track how well your pins are performing, see how many times they are viewed and click throughs to your website. This is valuable data so you can see what pins work well and what ones don't.
Once you have a business account you will be able to verify your website. This means pins that come from your website can be tracked and you can measure how many times people click through to your site from what pin.
Don't think you can only many one pin image per post or page. Multiple images are useful for attracting different types of people to your page. By using different images and text on your pins you can post them on different boards to reach different people. It also means that you have more chance of people seeing your content and clicking through to your site. So you don't clutter your pages it's hand to hide the images on your site, but don't worry they will still come up when someone shares a page to Pinterest.
Pinterest's algorithm likes when you post frequently. The more you post, the more people see your pins, the more they follow you, the more they click your content, and the more important Pinterest thinks you are. If you don't want to be wasting hours every day scrolling through finding pins, then bombarding people with all your pins at once, invest in a scheduling program. This means you can spread your pins out throughout the day, and you're not wasting your time.
You might not think it, but Pinterest is a search engine. This means you should consider SEO when pinning. Ensure your profile and board descriptions include keywords. As well as and pins you have, ensure there is an appropriate description and the alt text fields are filled out.


In my work, I do alot of Conversations with God, readings. Many people come to seek out the heavenly wisdom of the angels, Heavenly Father, or Heavenly Mother. In this, they have found great wisdom, insight, confirmations, and even life changing guidance for themselves. I speak so much with spirit in my line of work for others, that I never like to take advantage in asking for help my self. I try to respect that I am blessed enough to have this privilige and gift to help others, that I seldom bother spirit for me, unless in times of praise, gratitude, or just wanting to vent. In those times, I respectfully and thankfully take whatever is gifted to me in reply. Here in these pages, will be a collection of some of my own conversations with the heavens as I asked if I could share to show everyone the relationship that I have with my heavely home.
If you have had this reading with me and do not mind me posting yours, let me know! I would love to feature it!


The idea of prefabricated housing evokes visions of chunky, unattractive buildings that detract from the aesthetics of the surrounding neighborhood. In some exclusive areas, prefab homes are banned on the pretext that they'll bring down property values.
But with new technologies and creative effort, the reality is knocking old perceptions out.
The newly released book PREFABULOUS + ALMOST OFF THE GRID: Your Path to Building an Energy-Independent Home by Sheri Koones, features over 30 prefabricated homes that show how they can blend into a neighborhood or proudly stand out as a wonderful architectural star.
Living in a green cave?
People are going to great lengths to green their lives. But for some, it goes way beyond recycling or hybrids.
A couple in Missouri, Curt and Deborah Sleeper, built a home inside a sandstone cave. It's a mix of a comfortable interior in a unique setting.
The home utilizes geothermal heating, eliminating the need for a furnace or air conditioning unit. Built on a 3-acre parcel, the home has three chambers, many retaining their unfinished sandstone walls. These provide natural properties for a comfortable indoor temperature throughout the year. Since the unfinished walls do shed, the Sleepers placed interior roofs and umbrellas over the areas that needed to stay sand free.
In the 1970s, this unique location was a venue for rock concerts, featuring stars like Bob Seger, Ted Nugent and Tina Turner.
Ironically, the home fell into foreclosure last year. As their home didnt fit the standard mortgage model, they were unable to refinance. They ended up posting the unusual home on eBay for $300,000.
Not sure how the Sleepers story ends, but the idea of living in a tricked out luxury-styled cave definitely has a certain appeal to it, don't you think?
Geothermal use could grow over 300 percent in the U.S.
According to a new report, some 6,442 megawatts worth of new geothermal energy are projected to come into operation in the next few years, more than doubling their current levels.
California currently leads the US with more than 2,605 MW in capacity. The next closest is Nevada at 448 MW. No other state has more than 50 MW.
A number of states have geothermal projects under development.
There is, however, an important question to consider. With the continually dropping water table, what is the real future of the capacity of geothermal over the long run?


text:
Q: Как удалить зацикливание при создании HTML5-video, чтобы использование рабочей памяти не увеличивалось? Мне нужно, чтобы между воспроизведением несколько идущих друг за другом видео не было прерываний и поэтому я с помощью свойства preload = 'auto' во время воспроизведения первого видео подгружаю уже следующее видео и затем сменяю одно на другое посредством функции Node.replaceChild().
Но трудность заключается в том, что где-то происходит зацикливание и если открыть в Windows диспетчер задач на вкладке производительность, то мы увидим, что использование рабочей памяти постоянно увеличивается и видео при воспроизведении тормозят (не каждое и не всегда). Всего этого не должно быть и не наблюдается в самом последнем примере (внизу вопроса).

//функция используется в EventListener "loadedmetadata", в createVideoElement()
function createNextVideo()
{
    if(++activeVideo == 2)
        activeVideo = 0;

    this.nextVideoElement = createVideoElement();
    this.nextVideoElement.src = vidSources[activeVideo];
    this.nextVideoElement.pause();
}

//функция используется в EventListener "ended", в createVideoElement()
function startNextVideo()
{
    var oldVideo = videoContainer.firstChild;

    this.nextVideoElement.play();
    videoContainer.replaceChild(this.nextVideoElement, oldVideo);

    oldVideo.removeEventListener('loadedmetadata', createNextVideo);
    oldVideo.removeEventListener('ended', startNextVideo);
}

//функция используется в createNextVideo()
function createVideoElement()
{
    var video = document.createElement('video');
    video.preload = 'auto'; //но без autoplay, т.к. оно отменяет preload

    video.addEventListener('loadedmetadata', createNextVideo);
    video.addEventListener('ended', startNextVideo);

    return video
}

var videoContainer = document.getElementById('videoContainer'),
    activeVideo = 0,
    vidSources =
    [
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/mov_bbb.mp4",
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/movie.mp4"
    ];

var vidElement = createVideoElement(vidSources[0]);
vidElement.autoplay = true;
vidElement.src = vidSources[0];
videoContainer.appendChild(vidElement);
video{background-color: red}

Как этот код выглядел до попытки решить эту задачу:

function createVideoElement()
{
    var video = document.createElement('video');
    video.preload = 'auto';

    video.addEventListener('loadedmetadata', function(e)
    {
        if(++activeVideo == 2)
            activeVideo = 0;

        this.nextVideoElement = createVideoElement();
        this.nextVideoElement.src = vidSources[activeVideo];
        this.nextVideoElement.pause();
    });

    video.addEventListener('ended', function(e)
    {
        this.nextVideoElement.play();
        videoContainer.replaceChild(this.nextVideoElement, videoContainer.firstChild);
    });

    return video
}

var videoContainer = document.getElementById('videoContainer'),
    activeVideo = 0,
    vidSources =
    [
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/mov_bbb.mp4",
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/movie.mp4"
    ];

var vidElement = createVideoElement(vidSources[0]);
vidElement.autoplay = true;
vidElement.src = vidSources[0];
videoContainer.appendChild(vidElement);
video{background-color: red}

Как мне кажется, в самом первом примере видео тормозит немного меньше, но не намного. Я надеюсь, что этот код более прост для понимания, нежели предыдущий.
Тот самый последний пример:
Чтобы развеять ваши сомнения (если у кого-то такие есть) о том, что с этими видео что-то не так, в нижеследующем примере вы можете убедиться, что с этими видео всё в порядке:

var video = document.querySelector('video'),
    activeVideo = 0;
    videoSources =
    [
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/mov_bbb.mp4",
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/movie.mp4"
    ];

video.addEventListener('ended', function(e)
{
    if(++activeVideo == videoSources.length)
        activeVideo = 0;

    video.src = videoSources[activeVideo];
    video.play();
});
video { background-color: red }
<video src="http://www.w3schools.com/html/mov_bbb.mp4" autoplay></video>

В этом примере, как вы видите, возникают прерывания между воспроизведением видео и именно поэтому мне пришлось придумать вышеследующее решение, у которого теперь другие трудности / ошибки.
Итак, мне нужно решить такие задачи:

*

*Как удалить зацикливание так, чтобы освобождалась память, а не увеличивалась как сейчас?

*Как сделать так, чтобы видео при воспроизведении не тормозили? Возможно даже, что с удалением зацикливания это исчезнет.

Если есть вопросы, то, пожалуйста, спрашивайте!
Пожалуйста, помогите решить эти задачи!

A: В общем всё решил сам. Нужно просто было удалить постоянное создание новых видео объектов, и оставить только два: проигрываемый и следующий (подгружаемый). Также использование события onloadedmetadata было неправильным, т.к. при его использовании мы получаем беЗконечный цикл подгрузки.
Вместо него взял событие onplaying. Теперь всё работает без затормаживания и память тоже не перегружается.

var videoContainer = document.getElementById('videoContainer'),
    nextActiveVideo = 0,
    nextVideo,
    videoObjects =
    [
        document.createElement('video'),
        document.createElement('video')
    ],
    vidSources =
    [
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/mov_bbb.mp4",
        "http://www.w3schools.com/html/movie.mp4"
    ];

videoObjects[0].inx = 0; //установить index
videoObjects[1].inx = 1;

initVideoElement(videoObjects[0]);
initVideoElement(videoObjects[1]);

videoObjects[0].autoplay = true;
videoObjects[0].src = vidSources[0];
videoContainer.appendChild(videoObjects[0]);

videoObjects[1].style.display = 'none';
videoContainer.appendChild(videoObjects[1]);

function initVideoElement(video)
{
    video.preload = 'auto'; //но без autoplay, т.к. оно отменяет preload

    //loadedmetadata неправильно, т.к. при его использовании мы получаем беЗконечный цикл
    video.onplaying = function(e)
    {
        if(++nextActiveVideo == 2)
            nextActiveVideo = 0;

        //заменяем video elements друг на друга:
        if(this.inx == 0)
            nextVideo = videoObjects[1];
        else
            nextVideo = videoObjects[0];

        nextVideo.src = vidSources[nextActiveVideo];
        nextVideo.pause();
    };

    video.onended = function(e)
    {
        this.style.display = 'none';
        nextVideo.style.display = 'block';
        nextVideo.play();
    };
}
video{background-color: red}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


At Skyscanner, we crunched the data from years past to reveal the best time to book Thanksgiving flights for the 2018 holiday. If you haven't booked yet, get your credit card ready, because we're currently in crunch time for Thanksgiving flights!
Based on 2017 booking data from 60+ million monthly users, here is some useful information on the best time to buy flights for Thanksgiving 2018.
Takeaway: Now is the time to book!
The above deals were found through a U.S. to Everywhere search in the month of November 2018. Prices change frequently – set a price alert to know when they do!
According to analysis of 2017 Skyscanner booking data, the cheapest month to book Thanksgiving flights is September when the average price for flights will be $429 (tap here to search now). There will still be savings to make in October when the average Thanksgiving flights price will be $439.
13 weeks before Thanksgiving 2018 is expected to be the cheapest week to book your flights. Travel deals could be 7% cheaper than the average price of flights. 8 weeks before Thanksgiving is another time for bargains with flights 6% cheaper.
We took a look the range of prices people paid for Thanksgiving flights in 2017 to give some insight on what flight prices may be around the end-of-year holidays. The average price was $528. The majority of travelers who booked with Skyscanner found flights for cheaper than average, with the largest group booking flights in the $300-400 range. The average search lead-time is 53 days out on September 30.
Analysis shows that early booking helps to ensure you find the best flight deal before you fly home for the holidays.
Find which departure days to avoid for your Thanksgiving flight based on 2017 flight bookings.
Bear in mind, last year's Thanksgiving was on Thursday, November 23rd. Overwhelming, the Wednesday right before Thanksgiving (Nov. 22nd) was one of the busiest days across most destinations to fly for the holiday. Beware of last minute flights and plan accordingly for long security lines! Each Friday prior to Thanksgiving was naturally busy as well (Friday the 10th and 17th of November).
The Sunday before Thanksgiving (Nov. 19th) proved to be one of the least busy dates to travel across destinations. Tuesday the 14th of November and Sunday the 12th of November were low traffic days, as well, if you plan on taking an extended Thanksgiving vacation! If one of these destination cities happens to actually be your return city, Saturday November 25th was a low traffic day after Thanksgiving.
It also pays to book early for your international flights if you choose to spend Thanksgiving with friends or family outside of the United States.
Book your Thanksgiving Flights today!
Looking for the best last minute flight deals to anywhere in the world? Check out our daily flight deals page and grab the cheapest flights with the highest savings today. Book free now!
Looking for cheap flights or would like to enjoy a last-minute holiday? Every week we round-up the best travel deals and the cheapest flights to a variety of destinations – all under $100! So, whether it's a sunny beach or a budget weekend getaway you're looking for, check out the best prices right here before you book.
Our useful flight price tracker will keep an eye on your chosen flight and let you know as soon as the price drops – or if it starts to rise.
Last minute flights used to be the go-to for travelers looking for cheap flights. But in the age of budget airlines, are last minute flight deals impossible to find today?


Summer is one of the most favorable seasons for many homeowners. Aside from letting you go out and enjoy the warm weather, this time of the year makes home improvement tasks easier to do. Summer has its perks, but it also has its downsides, such as making your home an uncomfortable place.
Energy-efficient roofs are widely available today. These roofs do a great job in absorbing less heat and reflecting more sunlight. Also known as cool roofs, these are ideal to install this summer to help keep your home drier and cooler. Roofing by Curry installs the Timberline Cool Series Shingles from GAF, which help reduce heat in the attic and the heat going inside your home. These are perfect for the warm weather.
Roof replacement helps in energy savings, as well. A new roof sees to it that no energy is wasted. What could be better than a new roof that is free from leaks, holes, and other problems? Replacing your old roof offers better-quality protection and performance. You'll feel more confident that the energy you use from your cooling system is maximized. Additionally, you'll enjoy a cooler indoor environment without having to spend more.
According to ENERGY STAR, home performance is defined as a whole-house approach in providing solutions related to comfort, indoor air quality, and energy savings. This is something that your roofers in Sarasota, FL, actually install. Our roof products from GAF are ENERGY STAR certified, which means we meet the highest standards of quality, sustainability, and performance. As a GAF Master Elite™ certified contractor, we only install products that improve the overall performance of your home.
Don't let the summer heat bring you down. If you are planning to replace your old roof, make it a priority this season. We'll help you with your roof project every step of the way. Just give us a call at (941) 270-4770 today and we will be ready to assist you.


KGHM is a global company, a leader in copper and silver industry. The development of the resource base and the production potential with simultaneous optimization of costs are the strategic goals of the company.
Our latest results and Management Board comments are available in our Results Center.
An Ordinary General Meeting was held on 6 July 2018.
Our high quality deposits and projects as well as our experienced management guarantee an increase in shareholder value in the coming decades.


text:
Miranda is a 1948 black and white British comedy film, directed by Ken Annakin and written by Peter Blackmore, who also wrote the play of the same name from which the film was adapted. The film stars Glynis Johns, Googie Withers, Griffith Jones, Margaret Rutherford, John McCallum and David Tomlinson. Denis Waldock provided additional dialogue. Music for the film was played by the London Symphony Orchestra, conducted  by Muir Mathieson.  The sound director was B. C. Sewell.

The film is a light comedy fantasy about a beautiful and playful mermaid Miranda and her effect on the men and women she meets, as she outrageously flirts with and flatters every man she meets.

Glynis Johns and Margaret Rutherford reprised their roles in the 1954 colour sequel, Mad About Men.

Plot summary
As his wife is uninterested in fishing, Dr. Paul Martin goes  on a holiday on the Cornwall coast without her. There, Miranda, a mermaid, catches him by pulling on his fishing line and making him fall in the water. She drags him down to her underwater cavern where she keeps him prisoner for a week and only lets him go after he agrees to show her London, where he lives. Having ordered several extra long dresses from his wife's London couturier to cover her tail, he disguises her as an invalid patient in a bath chair and takes her to his home, initially for a three weeks stay.

Martin's wife Clare reluctantly agrees to the arrangement, but insists he hire someone to look after the "patient". He selects Nurse Carey for her eccentric nature and takes her into his confidence. To Paul's relief, Carey is delighted to be working for a mermaid as she has always believed they exist.

Miranda's seductive nature earns her the admiration of not only Paul, but also his chauffeur Charles, as well as Nigel, the fiancé of Clare's friend and neighbour Isobel, arousing the jealousy of the women. Nigel even breaks off his engagement, but when he and Charles discover that Miranda has been flirting with both of them, they come to their senses.

With Clare strongly suspecting that Miranda is a mermaid, she makes Martin admit it. But when Miranda overhears Clare telling Paul that the public must be told, Miranda wheels herself down to the Thames and makes her escape into the water. She had previously told them she would go to Majorca for a visit.

In the final scene, Miranda is shown on a rock, holding a merbaby on her lap.

Cast

 Glynis Johns as Miranda Trewella
 Googie Withers as Clare Martin
 Griffith Jones as Dr Paul Martin
 John McCallum as Nigel
 Margaret Rutherford as Nurse Carey
 David Tomlinson as Charles
 Yvonne Owen as Betty, the Martins' other servant and Charles's girlfriend
 Sonia Holm as Isobel
 Brian Oulton as Manell
 Zena Marshall as Secretary
 Lyn Evans as Inn Landlady
 Stringer Davis as Museum Attendant
 Hal Osmond as Railway Carman
 Maurice Denham as Cockle Vendor

Original Play
The film was based on a play by Peter Blackmore. He says he was inspired to write it after reading a scientific article about mermaids.

In the play on which the film is based, Miranda eventually has to return to Cornwall to spawn, much to the displeasure of Martin's wife.

The play was a hit in London – starring Genine Graham – and had a run in New York with Diana Lynn.

Production
The film was put into production hurriedly in order to beat Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid to the screen.

The end credits include the line "Tail by Dunlop". All underwater scenes were shot with a stunt double. Joan Hebden wore the tail by Dunlop. Glynis Johns stated in later interviews that the rubber tail was very buoyant, which caused problems as it tended to keep her head under the water.

The initial director was Michael Chorlton. He was replaced during filming by Ken Annakin.

There was location filming in London and Cornwall.

Reception

Box Office
The film was one of the most popular movies at the British box office in 1948. According to Kinematograph Weekly the 'biggest winner' at the box office in 1948 Britain was The Best Years of Our Lives with Spring in Park Lane being the best British film and 'runners up' being It Always Rains on Sunday, My Brother Jonathan, Road to Rio, Miranda, An Ideal Husband, Naked City, The Red Shoes, Green Dolphin Street, Forever Amber, Life with Father, The Weaker Sex, Oliver Twist, The Fallen Idol and The Winslow Boy.

It recorded a profit of £5,600.

DVD release
The film was released on home video for the first time in North America on DVD on 5 July 2011 from VCI Entertainment.

See also
 Mermaids in popular culture

References

External links

Miranda at BFI Screenonline
Review of film at Variety

1948 romantic comedy films
1948 films
British romantic comedy films
British fantasy comedy films
Gainsborough Pictures films
Films set in Cornwall
British films based on plays
Films directed by Ken Annakin
Films about mermaids
Films produced by Betty Box
1940s fantasy comedy films
1940s romantic fantasy films
British black-and-white films
1940s British films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


SAVE THE BEES! Did you know our beloved honey bees are disappearing? Without them, we humans are in trouble. The importance of honeybees? We rely on them for one third of our food supply, so when honey bees are in danger, we're all in danger. Brought here from Europe in the 1600s, honeybees have become widespread across North America and are bred commercially for their abilities to produce honey and pollinate crops—90 different farm grown foods, including many fruits and nuts—depend on honeybees. Unfortunately, honeybee populations across the continent have plummeted by as much as 70 percent in recent years, and biologists are still unsure of why and what to do about the problem which they have termed colony collapse disorder (CCD). Several theories are being discussed by the experts; radiation from cell phones, chemicals in our garden and farms, global warming... these all may be to blame. We need honey bees. Go to the Häagen-Dazs website and donate a buck for the cause!


text:
CTS neighbors call for clean-up, reparations and investigation of government agencies' behavior
Posted on March 18, 2010 March 18, 2010 by David Forbes
Activists tonight called for reparations to victimized neighbors and a cleanup of the contaminated former CTS of Asheville site, arguing that there has been gross negligence, stretching back over a decade, by officials charged with investigating and cleaning the polluted area. Below is an edited version of the live coverage of those allegations by Xpress staff reporter David Forbes.
Mills Gap Rd. resident Tate MacQueen says: "Our basic questions have not been answered" on contamination. "We hope after tonight, there won't be an option" except for government officials to do full a clean-up. The contamination levels at some areas of the CTS site are 40 times higher than Camp Lejeune pollution, he said.
Before it closed in 1987, the activists at the meeting are saying, CTS produced annually: 44,000 lbs. sludge, 8,307 lbs. solvents, 52,800 lbs. organic compounds.
EPA officials refused to investigate presence of Chromium-6 toxins, even though CTS employees said the chemical was used, says MacQueen. He reads a list of cancers, brain tumors, diseases from two contaminated properties, and brandishes a 1995 EPA letter that removes the CTS site from its list of contaminated places. According to MacQueen, EPA's project manager in 1999 shrank the monitoring region from 57 acres to 9 to hide the extent of contamination.
Neighbors at the meeting are calling for excavating contaminated soil, for bringing city water to the area and for a congressional investigation. They are also calling for the state to investigate NCDENR's role in cleanup, for adding the general site, not just the Rice property, to the federal Superfund list, and for compensation of the Rice and Robinson families.
In 1990, county officials got word the area had contamination issues, passed the information to the state, but didn't inform affected families, MacQueen claims. He shows an old blueprint marking hazardous waste storage and drainage gates near residents' properties. MacQueen: Government reactions to problems since the '90s has been "simply a matter of covering oneself."
In 1993, state toxicologists placed the area on the NC Superfund site list, MacQueen says. Yet in 1995, despite Superfund status, the state gave the go-ahead for development near the site, he says. Not wanting to admit the mistake in clearing the site from the state list, the U.S. EPA instead declared Rice's property a Superfund site. Agencies' desire to cover up this mistake explains the reluctance to do any clean up today, MacQueen alleges. County deed maps still don't show TCE contamination, MacQueen declares, saying, "That's a fraud; it needs to be fixed."
The 44 acres that were "lopped off" the original 57 acres include areas where development has since been allowed — because they were removed from the Superfund list, MacQueen says.
Despite a 2002 EPA recommendation to remove soil, the state opted for vapor extraction, at the suggestion of a company hired by CTS, MacQueen alleges. The vapor extraction system was removed in January, "because it doesn't work," he says.
According to MacQueen CTS has the EPA by "scruff of the neck" because forcing soil cleanup would mean admitting past mistakes.
"Dealing with this idea that this problem can be studied away… That's an insult to our intelligence," MacQueen declares.
MacQueen: Cleanup, honest dealing with the history of mistakes "is the only way forward." He notes that this information is on the way to congressional representatives because, "This is a bipartisan issue."
Staff for Rep. Shuler, Sen. Hagan, local, state agencies are present at this meeting. No one from EPA is at the meeting.
MacQueen: "No is not an option"; we will keep pressing for cleanup. "We're talking about life and death here. … CTS could cut a check today" for cleanup, but government agencies are spending hundreds of thousands on studies.
Asked what officials people can press for action, MacQueen encourages calling on the Chair of the Buncombe Board of Commissioners, David Gantt, to condemn site.
Information from tonight's presentation, MacQueen says, will be available http://cleanasheville.info/
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text:
Barnsley Vs Peterborough United Betting Review – 18th April
January 17, 2022 Sports Review
There is not a big difference between the performance of the two sides. Both sides played too many games in the past. The betting review has consisted of the latest performance, head-to-head, predictions, squads, betting odds, and tips. I will try my best to evaluate the best result for you.
Barnsley played six games and won a single match. Peterborough also took part in six games and won a couple of times.
We are waiting for the final announcement of the squad.
Both sides faced each other in November 2021. The final result of the game was 0-0.
Barnsley picked 25% chances to win. Whereas, Peterborough gained only 25% chances to win.
Goals in English Football League
According to English Football League, Barnsley played 12 games and won a couple of times. They scored 8 goals and conceded 15 also. Woodrow was the best player with 4 goals.
Peterborough United played 12 games and won 1 match. They scored 6 goals and conceded 33 also. Siriki was a decent player with 5 goals.
Results in last six
Barnsley : W,D,L,D,L,D
Peterborough : W,W,L,D,L,D
Players with red and yellow cards
Callum from Barnsley conceded 5 yellow cards and one red card. Whereas, Dan Buttler from Peterborough also gained six yellow cards and one red.
Best betting options
Betfair, beltway, between, bet365, and pure win are major spots for betting.
Barnsley picked 1.83 rates ( Bet365), 1.84 (Betway), and 1.82 by the Purwin.
On the other hand, Peterborough gained 3.62 (Bet365), 3.40 (Betway), and 3.55 by the Pure win.
There is a minor difference between the performance of the two sides. Peterborough is a better side to defeat in another game. We failed to pick any result from head to head. However, Peterborough showed positive results.