text:
Komunikacja polityczna – proces wzajemnych oddziaływań informacyjnych pomiędzy podmiotami polityki połączonymi relacjami władzy, walki i współpracy. W państwie niedemokratycznym komunikacja polityczna przebiega w inny sposób niż w państwie demokratycznym.

Komunikacja polityczna jest częścią  komunikacji społecznej.

Charakterystyka
W państwie niedemokratycznym dominuje jednokierunkowa komunikacja polityczna. Informacje są przekazywane tylko w jedną stronę – od władzy do społeczeństwa. Społeczeństwo ma do dyspozycji tylko oficjalne, dość ograniczone kanały przekazywania informacji władzy, przez co rząd może być zaskoczony reakcjami społecznymi i chaotycznie na nie reagować. Istnieje państwowy monopol informacyjny: środki przekazu w większości należą do państwa i są przez nie cenzurowane. Jednokierunkowa komunikacja polityczna jest rozumiana jako tożsama z propagandą.

Propaganda polega na wpływaniu przez władzę przy pomocy różnych, często nieetycznych zabiegów – takich jak manipulacja – na opinie, postawy i zachowania społeczne. Jest to niezbyt użyteczne ze względu na to, że propaganda ma dla odbiorcy zdecydowanie negatywne konotacje, łącząc się z takimi działaniami jak manipulacja, wojna psychologiczna, reedukacja, pranie mózgów, a także z jej stosowaniem w państwach totalitarnych – w Niemczech hitlerowskich i Związku Radzieckim oraz w wojnie propagandowej między Wschodem a Zachodem.

W państwie demokratycznym funkcjonuje dwukierunkowa komunikacja polityczna, utrzymywany jest także wysoki poziom otwartości informacyjnej. Władza otrzymuje od społeczeństwa sygnały dzięki niezależnym środkom przekazu, stanowiskom grup nacisku, różnorodnym formom protestu, badaniom opinii publicznej, oddziaływaniu opozycji – i reaguje na nie. Demokratyczne wybory pozwalają na ocenę działalności polityków przez społeczeństwo.

Patrząc na komunikację polityczną w kategoriach marketingowych sygnały od społeczeństwa wskazują na popyt na określone idee i posunięcia, a działania polityków – to podaż. Marketing polityczny stanowi natomiast sposób na zorientowanie się, jaki jest ów popyt i jak najkorzystniej można sprzedać partię na rynku politycznym, wykorzystując różnorakie metody perswazji i programowania neurolingwistycznego.

Władza, rozumiana jako rząd i administracja państwowa, dysponuje własną siecią narzędzi służących komunikacji politycznej, na którą składają się między innymi państwowe instytucje gromadzące i przetwarzające informacje o działalności struktury państwa, urzędy statystyczne, policja i służby specjalne, rządowe instytuty badania opinii publicznej. Informacje uzyskane dzięki tej sieci mogą być przetwarzane i udostępniane zgodnie z potrzebami władzy, a do niewygodnych dla niej informacji może ona bronić dostępu zasłaniając się tajemnicą państwową czy racją stanu.

Zobacz też
 Eurobarometr
 system polityczny

 marketing narracyjny
 rynek polityczny

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Leszek Sobkowiak, Komunikacja polityczna, w: Studia z teorii polityki, pod redakcją Andrzeja W. Jabłońskiego i Leszka Sobkowiaka, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław 1996.
 Grażyna Ulicka, Wpływ marketingu politycznego na zmiany w życiu publicznym państw demokratycznych, "Studia Politologiczne", vol. 1, Elipsa, Warszawa 1996.
 Bogusława Dobek-Ostrowska, Janina Fras, Beata Ociepka, Teoria i praktyka propagandy, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław 1997.
 Jan Strelau, Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki. Podstawy psychologii, Gdańsk 2007, .
 Paweł Rogaliński, Jak politycy nami manipulują?, Łódź 2012, .

Marketing polityczny
Teoria polityki
Komunikacja

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
/* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.flowable.spring.boot.content;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.flowable.app.spring.SpringAppEngineConfiguration;
import org.flowable.content.engine.configurator.ContentEngineConfigurator;
import org.flowable.content.spring.SpringContentEngineConfiguration;
import org.flowable.content.spring.configurator.SpringContentEngineConfigurator;
import org.flowable.spring.SpringProcessEngineConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.AbstractEngineAutoConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.BaseEngineConfigurationWithConfigurers;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.EngineConfigurationConfigurer;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.FlowableProperties;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.ProcessEngineAutoConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.ProcessEngineServicesAutoConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.app.AppEngineAutoConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.app.AppEngineServicesAutoConfiguration;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.condition.ConditionalOnAppEngine;
import org.flowable.spring.boot.condition.ConditionalOnContentEngine;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureBefore;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

/**
 * {@link org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration Auto-Configuration} for the Content Engine
 *
 * @author Filip Hrisafov
 */
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnContentEngine
@EnableConfigurationProperties({
    FlowableProperties.class,
    FlowableContentProperties.class
})
@AutoConfigureAfter({
    AppEngineAutoConfiguration.class,
    ProcessEngineAutoConfiguration.class,
})
@AutoConfigureBefore({
    AppEngineServicesAutoConfiguration.class,
    ProcessEngineServicesAutoConfiguration.class,
})
public class ContentEngineAutoConfiguration extends AbstractEngineAutoConfiguration {

    protected final FlowableContentProperties contentProperties;

    public ContentEngineAutoConfiguration(FlowableProperties flowableProperties, FlowableContentProperties contentProperties) {
        super(flowableProperties);
        this.contentProperties = contentProperties;
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public SpringContentEngineConfiguration contentEngineConfiguration(DataSource dataSource, PlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager) {
        SpringContentEngineConfiguration configuration = new SpringContentEngineConfiguration();

        configuration.setTransactionManager(platformTransactionManager);
        configureEngine(configuration, dataSource);

        FlowableContentProperties.Storage storage = contentProperties.getStorage();
        configuration.setContentRootFolder(storage.getRootFolder());
        configuration.setCreateContentRootFolder(storage.getCreateRoot());

        return configuration;
    }

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    @ConditionalOnBean(type = {
        "org.flowable.spring.SpringProcessEngineConfiguration"
    })
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(type = {
        "org.flowable.app.spring.SpringAppEngineConfiguration"
    })
    public static class ContentEngineProcessConfiguration extends BaseEngineConfigurationWithConfigurers<SpringContentEngineConfiguration> {

        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "contentProcessEngineConfigurationConfigurer")
        public EngineConfigurationConfigurer<SpringProcessEngineConfiguration> contentProcessEngineConfigurationConfigurer(
            ContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator) {
            return processEngineConfiguration -> processEngineConfiguration.addConfigurator(contentEngineConfigurator);
        }

        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public ContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator(SpringContentEngineConfiguration configuration) {
            SpringContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator = new SpringContentEngineConfigurator();
            contentEngineConfigurator.setContentEngineConfiguration(configuration);

            invokeConfigurers(configuration);

            return contentEngineConfigurator;
        }
    }

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    @ConditionalOnAppEngine
    @ConditionalOnBean(type = {
        "org.flowable.app.spring.SpringAppEngineConfiguration"
    })
    public static class ContentEngineAppConfiguration extends BaseEngineConfigurationWithConfigurers<SpringContentEngineConfiguration> {

        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "contentAppEngineConfigurationConfigurer")
        public EngineConfigurationConfigurer<SpringAppEngineConfiguration> contentAppEngineConfigurationConfigurer(
                        ContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator) {

            return appEngineConfiguration -> appEngineConfiguration.addConfigurator(contentEngineConfigurator);
        }

        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public ContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator(SpringContentEngineConfiguration configuration) {
            SpringContentEngineConfigurator contentEngineConfigurator = new SpringContentEngineConfigurator();
            contentEngineConfigurator.setContentEngineConfiguration(configuration);

            invokeConfigurers(configuration);

            return contentEngineConfigurator;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Discussion: The upper levels look very zonal through this weekend and into next week until a trough tries to slide in midweek. Zonal means calm and uneventful so that should be some good news for Thanksgiving travel. With the trough expected to deepen midweek, I would say next Tuesday PM through Thursday AM would be the coldest conditions at the surface. I am starting to pay attention to a favorable winter storm pattern in the last week of November. We have a –EPO (trough in E Pacific), +PNA (Ridge over W US), -NAO (blocking over Greenland) and a –AO (cold air spillage from the Polar Regions). While this does not guarantee a winter storm at the surface, it is definitely a favorable environment for winter storm development. And that's all I have for right now…a winter storm signal. No reason to panic or get excited yet. You can have all the ingredients on the counter to bake a cake as well as a pre-heated oven. You still need a force to mix the ingredients and place in the oven. We still will need a surface solution produced from the favorable pattern and we won't have details on that until the 7-8 day before window. Let's take it from there if the synoptic signal is still showing.
Friday (Nov 16) high temperatures are topping out in the 40s statewide. Perhaps parts of SNJ will flirt with 50. Skies obviously started cloudy with tapering precipitation this morning (both wintry and non-wintry) but skies are clearing and conditions should continue to improve. The worst of the winds are over but winds should remain breezy out of the W today. Overnight lows should range from upper-20s to near-40 NNJ to SNJ as winds continue to subside.
Saturday (Nov 17) high temperatures should reach the mid-to-upper 40s for most. Skies should be mostly sunny with a few friendly clouds. Winds should be light out of the W/NW. Overnight lows should range from mid-20s to mid-30s NNJ to SNJ.
Sunday (Nov 18) high temperatures should range from 40 to 50 NNJ to SNJ. Skies should be partly cloudy for most. NNJ has a small chance to see light precipitation (wintry and/or non-wintry) but nothing major (trace-to-light accumulations). Winds should be near-stationary (a few mph in any direction). Overnight lows should range from near-30 to lower-40s NNJ to SNJ.
An early look at next week indicates more of the same. Cold and dry with Wednesday likely the coldest day and night of the week. Not seeing any problems for Thanksgiving Day nor the weekend at this time.


text:
Never stop moving – always moving forward
Patrizia admits she's not the easiest person to work with, she demands a lot from her team and prefers to surround herself with precise and fast-thinking people. But her level of exigence is linked to her own engagement and the love she feels for the family company she has helped build up together with her parents.
What started off as a business manufacturing frames for motorcycles advanced into a complete electrical motorcycle, 40 years ago. Back then when batteries were not what they are today, Patrizia's father worked on developing one with longer autonomy. Autonomy was also the connecting factor when they eventually moved on to manufacturing trolleys for the logistics sector to facilitate moving heavier objects using less human strength, something that also turned out to be applicable for displacements of persons with reduced mobility.
When the time came for Patrizia's parents to step down it was exactly the love for them and the company that motivated her to take over and continue pushing forward in the same innovative spirit, caring for the strong trademark of the company as one dedicated to quality and safety.
As a person with many strings on her bow, that has worked as a consultant for the ministry of health in Italy on transport topics, been involved with the ISO Committee working on rules and directives to be applied in the construction of aids for disabled she was more than prepared for the task to take over the management.
Inspiralia came in contact with Patrizia and her team during the company's last project, an electric stair climber developed in line with the company mission to deliver opportunities for freedom for everyone. We feel fortunate they have confided in our services and the project itself fits right in with our company aim to fight inequality and promote the local communities apart from being an expiring example of a company built on strong values with a second-generation management, showing continuous innovation and proof of adaptation to the necessities of our time.
A special thank you to Patrizia and her co-worker Laura Lugatti for sharing the story with us. For more information about the company please visit their website.
info	2018-04-05T10:20:20+00:00	March 25th, 2018|0 Comments

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Houston Area Teacher Center (HATC) is a consortium of more than 30 Houston-area school systems with the University of Houston College of Education. HATC's member school districts represent more elementary and secondary students than many of the states.
HATC was founded in 1970 and began operation in 1971 with six school systems. It is the oldest and largest teacher center in the nation. In 2016 HATC celebrated 45 years of service to Houston school systems and to the teaching profession.
The Center is a forum for the College and area school systems to collaborate on solutions to issues of common concern, such as teacher supply and demand, teacher quality, policies and procedures for the placement of student teachers, and for working with partner schools. Twice annually, HATC sponsors Houston Area Student Teaching Conference and Teacher Job Fair, bringing together at UH Main campus hundreds of student teachers from Houston area universities.
Click here to view the Spring 2019 program.
A special thank you to everyone who assists in making the Houston Area Student Teaching Conference & Teacher Job Fair a success year after year! Thanks to all who attended our Fall 2018 event.
Please visit the Fair Information & Registration Page to learn more about the Spring 2019 event.