text:
President of Paraguay vetoes crypto regulation law
Paraguay's president, Mario Abdo Benítez, vetoed a bill that sought to recognize cryptocurrency mining as an industrial activity on Monday. He reasoned that mining's high electricity consumption could hinder the expansion of a sustainable national industry.
The decree stated that crypto mining uses intensive capital with low manpower usage, and therefore would not generate added value on par with other industrial activities. Around the world, cryptocurrency is one of the largest job creators. The LinkedIn's Economic Graph shows that crypto and blockchain jobs listing rose 615% in 2021 compared to 2020 in the United States.
In accordance with the bill's sponsor, Senator Fernando Silva Facetti, the law aimed to promote crypto mining through the use of surplus electricity, but the Paraguayan government chose to ignore the activity in the country:
1# Hoy recibimos de @PresidenciaPy el VETO TOTAL a Ley "Que regula la minería, comercialización, intermediación, intercambio, transferencia, custodia y administración de #CRIPTOACTIVOS" ignorando existencia de esta actividad que hoy funciona en la sombra normativa. (abro hilo)
— FernandoSilvaFacetti (@FSilvaFacetti) August 30, 2022
The Paraguayan Senate ultimately approved the proposal on July 14, recognizing crypto mining as an industrial activity. They established a 15% tax on its related economic activities, but the decree sees the brackets as an indirect incentive to the industry. It says:
"By subordinating the rate applicable to the users of crypto miners to just a small percentage above the current industrial rate, an indirect industrial incentive would be offered to crypto mining."
According to the document, in the last twelve months, the industrial investment grew by 220% in the country to $319 million USD, while the GDP increased more than 4% in the past five years. If this rate continues, the national industry could require the total amount of energy produced and available in the country in order to remain sustainable.
"If Paraguay wants to intensify crypto mining today, in the next four years it will be forced to import electricity", the decree said.
The bill approved by the Senate stipulates that miners would have to apply for a license and request authorization for industrial energy consumption. It also established the Ministry of Industry and Commerce as the primary law enforcement authority and the Secretariat for the Prevention of Money or Asset Laundering to supervise crypto investment companies.
The low-energy costs in Paraguay have spurred local and foreign companies to install mining infrastructure in the country since 2020. In December 2021, household electricity costs were $0.058 per kWh and business electricity costs were $0.049 per kWh, according to global petrol prices reports.
Bitcoin, Ethereum Technical Analysis: BTC Hovers Near $23,000 to Start the Weekend
Several Crypto Exchange Websites Taken Down in Kazakhstan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There are waves around ..bit choppy and of variable quality. MHL buoy is showing 1.2 – 1.9 metres from SSE. Tide is going out with Low at 10.40 am.
Conditions aren't great with a light Southerly blowing and expected to freshen later. There are a lot of people are out getting wet already. I suspect many are kids letting off stem after the HSC.
Water temp is around 20.


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The average cost of HCV Genotyping in India is ₹ 4550 if booked through us. The average market price in India is much higher at ₹ 10250.


Hairdressing competition hosted by Katherine Ryan. In the grand final, the stylists head backstage at a wedding fayre. Who will walk down the aisle as the winner of Hair 2015?
Hosted by Katherine Ryan. It's the grand final and the three finalists are heading backstage at London's funkiest wedding fayre. First, the have to create avant-garde bridal hairstyles for models taking to the stage in front of the event's 900 invitees. Judges Alain Pichon and Denise McAdam want the stylists to create high-fashion, high-concept bridal hair - they don't want to see delicate braiding so the pressure is on to prove the stylists can think outside of the box.
And then it's every hairdresser's fantasy as the stylists must give real brides the wedding day hairdo of their dreams. Who will be walking down the aisle as the winner of Hair 2015?


How To Find Out Whos Looking At Your Facebook - 'Who Looks my Facebook profile'? Can You See Who Looks Your Facebook Profile? Yes, Now you can! Though there are no official means, you can do it utilizing a 'that viewed my Facebook account Chrome extension'.
And also, during my research study, I have actually found out a genuine basic means for that, which does not include any kind of application download. Are you carrying around the open issue 'who has been seeing my Facebook profile'? After that, you are going to be lured with my remedy in the next section.I am mosting likely to define to see who has actually seen your Facebook account.
For people expecting discovering that saw their Facebook account have to utilize this Chrome browser add-on. Follow the actions I will certainly be describing below to understand how the extension can be used to figure out details on your Facebook profile check out.
1) You have to utilize Google Chrome for this to work.
2) After you have actually entered Google Chrome, go to your Facebook profile.
3) Click right click on the empty surface area of your page and after that pick the alternative "View page source" from the menu.
Click enter, as well as this will certainly reveal you the account of the buddy that looked at your profile.
When you comply with the tutorial you can actually see the profiles of your buddies, however does this mean they are the ones watching you? No, because those numbers come from the source code of Facebook account web page as well as they are used for many features Facebook carries that web page (friendlist, chat, and so on). Unfortunately, they do not stand for the list of you secret followers.
1) See that regularly likes or talks about your articles, images, as well as any other content you share. Those are the people who generally visit your Facebook profile more often than others, especially if you get likes or remarks in short time period.
2) Have A Look At your Fans list. If you adhere to someone on Facebook you can see all of their public messages. Please keep in mind that individuals who follow you do not necessarily need to be your buddies yet if they are your followers, they will have the ability to see your articles that are established as public.
As you can see, no application will certainly help please your inquisitiveness, however there are some ways to realistically end who pays more focus to you than others. Unfortunately, there isn't a way to revel those who take care sufficient not to engage in your activity yet just to observe and stay quiet.
Possibly in the future Facebook will enable this feature, but for now on, simply do not be deceived by any kind of fraud that supplies you a possibility to see that checks out your account.


We are a community of believers in God as revealed in Jesus Christ as Lord. We believe in the authority of the Bible, the equality of all members, unity in diversity, and the priesthood of all believers. In communion with and through the power of the Holy Spirit, we follow the Way of Jesus the Christ and share the Good News through worship, education, ministries, and missions. As an autonomous Baptist church, we value our heritage and the freedom it allows us to minister alongside other groups, both Christian and non-Christian. We express our love for all in gratitude for the love God has shown to us.
As members of this fellowship, our only calling is to be the people of God at this time and in this place. We are here by choice for the specific purpose of worshipping God and ministering in the name of Jesus Christ. As recorded in Galatians 3:28, "We are no longer Jews or Greeks, slaves or free, men or women, but we are all the same – we are Christians; we are one in Christ Jesus." As all are equal under God, so they are in this congregation. Every member is a minister. As a member of such a fellowship, and because of my love for God, I commit myself to these responsibilities.
I will attend regularly and support faithfully the opportunities for worship and education provided by this congregation.
I will offer to know and love other members of this fellowship, and I am willing to be known and loved by them.
I will respect the right of all members to express their beliefs. Although we will not always agree, I will respect the action of the majority and will work for unity of spirit and purpose as fellow Christians in this fellowship.
I will enlist and welcome visitors to this fellowship, and will help them feel a part of our community. I will pray habitually for myself and others so that we may grow in our relationship to Christ and to each other.
I will take seriously my gifts and actively share them in ways that will strengthen this fellowship.
I will give systematically a sacrificial percentage of my income and possessions to support financially our church's ministries in gratitude for the grace of God and the ministry of this fellowship.
I will be open to hearing and responding to God's message as it comes to me in all areas of life.
I will take seriously my responsibility in training and educating our children and youth in biblical truths, with the hope that they will affirm their heritage, declare their faith in Christ, and live accordingly.
I will be an example of Christ in the world, being just, merciful and honest in my dealings and faithful in my obligations with all people.
I will cooperate with believers everywhere within the larger body of Jesus Christ.
I will be aware of the depth and extent of human needs both in my immediate community and in the world at large. I will obey the command given in the Great Commission (Matthew 28:18-20), and will support the efforts of this fellowship in spreading the Good News of Jesus Christ.
With God's help and with the help of my brothers and sisters in this fellowship, I make this covenant.
In all facets of the life and ministry of our church, including but not limited to membership, baptism, ordination, marriage, teaching and committee/organizational leadership, First Baptist Greenville will not discriminate based on sexual orientation or gender identity.


An affiliate for a betting or gambling site is someone who knows the industry well enough that they can advertise and promote the site they work for. In many cases, affiliates can actually be working for a number of different sites at the same time.
Usually they attempt to drive traffic, also known as the players, to the casino, poker or sportsbetting site, through a link or bonus code. Once players have arrived and made a deposit at the gambling site, the affiliate will get commission of some kind for the service they have provided. Many affiliates can continue to play at the casinos or sites that they work for even as they are promoting them.
As a sports betting affiliate that is successful, one can earn quite a decent sum of money. By generating leads to a bookmaker site, affiliates can earn substantial commissions, though these are usually agreed upon in advance. This can range from 25 to 40% commissions on any revenues generated by games played by the affiliate's referrals. It can also be from specific clicks that occur and also from players that make deposits.
Big sports betting affiliate sites can help players to trust specific bookmaker sites. They are able to provide reviews, information and answer questions about a variety of different sites that allow potential players to build trust in the bookmaker site. Large affiliates can operate for a number of different bookmaker sites allowing them to reap the benefits from all of them.
However, depending where these affiliate sites operate, there are a number of regulations that must be adhered to with such extras as affiliates only being able to link to sites within the same jurisdiction. In some cases online betting ads are also banned which does make it harder for some sites to advertise as affiliates.
This entry was posted on Thursday, May 10th, 2018 at and is filed under Gambling, Sport. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


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Regence BlueShield of Idaho Announces Executive Changes
John Stellmon tapped to lead Health Care Services for region's largest nonprofit insurer; Scott Kreiling named president for Idaho.
BOISE, Idaho, July 30 -- Regence, the largest nonprofit insurer in the Northwest/Intermountain Region, has named John Stellmon, president of Regence BlueShield of Idaho, to lead the company's Health Care Services division.
In his new expanded role, effective August 1, 2009, Stellmon will be responsible for executing the company's integrated health management programs. He will also oversee Pharmacy Services, Network Strategy and Performance and Health Care Services Planning and Performance Analytics. His primary office and residence will remain in Boise.
"Our Health Care Services division plays a vital role in leading and shaping the future of our company, and is a perfect fit for John's talents. His leadership in this critically important role will not only benefit Idaho - as it has for many years - but now the entire region," said Mark Ganz, President and CEO of Regence. "We must fundamentally rethink how insurers reimburse providers and incentivize integrated, high-quality, patient-centered care. Currently all insurers are falling short, and Regence is committed to advancing this change."
Stellmon, who has been with Regence for nearly 20 years, has held a variety of key positions within the company, including Chief Legal Counsel and Chief Operating Officer for Regence BlueShield of Idaho. He was named president in 2003, and has played a pivotal role in state and regional health care reform efforts. He is on the board for the Idaho Health Data Exchange, and in 2007 participated in Idaho Governor C.L. "Butch" Otter's two-day health care summit with legislators and health care representatives, a session designed to generate ideas for delivering affordable health care.
"The personal relationships that we share with physicians, hospitals and other health care providers, and our collaborative efforts to ensure quality care for our members, are crucial to our success," said Stellmon. "I am committed to fostering trust and collaboration between all stakeholders within the system, including health plans, and I appreciate the company's faith in my ability to lead this vitally important effort."
New President Named
Scott Kreiling, Vice President of Sales for Regence BlueShield in Washington, has been named President of Regence BlueShield of Idaho. A health care industry veteran, Kreiling joined Regence BlueShield in November 2002 as the Director of Sales. Previously, he served as Director of Sales and Marketing with PacifiCare, overseeing group sales, broker relations and the rollout of a preferred provider organization product. Kreiling also held two sales management roles with Aetna U.S. Healthcare, including sales and service responsibilities for Alaska and Washington.
During his time with Regence, Kreiling has played an integral role in the company's efforts to streamline and improve Sales processes and procedures, expand market share, strengthen relationships with the agent and broker community, bring new and innovative products to the market, and to enhance outreach to the Latino community.
"I could not be more pleased to welcome Scott to Idaho, and to provide my support to him in his new role," said Stellmon. "I have had the pleasure of working with Scott for many years, and he is the right person for the job. His tremendous and heartfelt commitment to serving the diverse needs of our members, our employer groups and our communities is a hallmark of his leadership. His move to Idaho is a tremendous win for our company and our state."
Scott will be joined in Idaho by his wife Cheryl and their children, Chae and Cole. His appointment is effective August 15, 2009.
About Regence BlueShield of Idaho
Regence BlueShield of Idaho is a leading health plan in Idaho with more than 210,000 members, offering health, life and dental insurance. It is part of The Regence Group, the largest health insurer in the Northwest/Intermountain Region, serving nearly three million members as Regence BlueShield of Idaho, Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Oregon, Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Utah and Regence BlueShield (in selected counties in Washington). Each plan is a nonprofit independent licensee of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. Regence is committed to improving the health of our members and our communities and to transforming our health care system. For more information, please visit www.regence.com or follow the company at twitter.com/regenceidaho.


Royal Philips has announced it has signed a 14-year managed service agreement with County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust offering leading-edge services in imaging and cardiology across four sites.
Using advanced technologies as the basis for service transformation, the partnership will support staff to deliver care that provides the best in both patient outcomes and experiences, as well as user experience and system efficiencies.
Following an extensive procurement and negotiation process over the last 18 months, Philips and the trust collaborated closely to develop a strategic direction and ensure the managed service contract design supports the delivery of key priorities: best health outcomes for patients, best patient experience, best employer, and best efficiency.
During the initial set-up phase of the partnership, Philips and the trust agreed joint targets. And, after award of preferred supplier status, Philips facilitated a deep-dive and stakeholder engagement through its signature Co-create process to ratify the needs of the service now and for the foreseeable future.
"This partnership is a real game changer for us," said Sue Jacques, chief executive of the trust.
"Having worked closely with Philips to identify what we needed from a long-term partnership, we have a clear plan on how to maintain and advance our services while strengthening our culture of continuous improvement.
The agreement is scheduled to see onsite activities and technology installations commence from this month.


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text:
Biografia

Formazione
La formazione della piccola Maria Ludovica ebbe luogo sotto l'influenza della severa etichetta della nonna, Maria Teresa, che aveva anche combinato il matrimonio dei suoi genitori. La giovinetta visse dapprima in Milano e poi nella Villa Reale a Monza, che il padre, divenuto Governatore di Milano nel 1771, aveva fatto costruire nel 1777, prendendo a modello il castello di Schönbrunn. Ella venne cresciuta dalla madre e da una balia ed educatrice, che era stata inviata a Milano dalla nonna. La giovane crebbe bilingue, ma poiché madre ed educatrice parlavano con lei solo in lingua italiana, ella poté poi parlare con il futuro marito solo in uno stentato tedesco.

Fuga da Milano
Con la prima campagna d'Italia di Napoleone Bonaparte, Milano venne occupata il 16 maggio 1796 dalle truppe francesi e Maria Ludovica aveva dovuto fuggire con i genitori, prima a Trieste e poi a Wiener Neustadt, ove andò ad abitare in un palazzo, che in confronto a quello lombardo cui era abituata, era da considerarsi piuttosto spartano. Fu da allora che la madre le inculcò l'odio per Napoleone, che durò in lei tutta la vita.

Nel 1803 Ludovica si trasferì con la famiglia a Vienna, andando ad abitare nel palazzo Dietrichstein Ulfeld, sulla Minoritenplatz, e dove nel 1806 il padre, che non aveva più potuto rientrare in Milano, morì.

Della madre e di Ludovica si prese cura l'imperatore d'Austria Francesco I d'Austria, cugino di Maria Ludovica.

Matrimonio

Francesco I rimase vedovo della seconda moglie Maria Teresa di Borbone-Napoli nell'aprile del 1807 e pensò subito di risposarsi. La sua scelta cadde all'interno della sua famiglia e precisamente sulla cugina Maria Ludovica. Il 6 gennaio 1808 vennero celebrate le nozze.
Amica della neoimperatrice era la secondogenita di Francesco Maria Luisa d'Asburgo-Lorena, che aveva solo quattro anni meno della matrigna.

Fuga da Vienna
Le truppe di Napoleone minacciarono anche Vienna, tanto che la famiglia imperiale dovette fuggire il 4 maggio 1809: il 12 maggio i francesi entrarono a Vienna. L'imperatore portò i famigliari in Ungheria, a Buda, dove però non erano del tutto al sicuro. Così Maria Ludovica e gli altri si spinsero più a est, a Eger. La pace imposta agli austriaci costò la perdita di ingenti territori e il matrimonio di Maria Luigia con Napoleone.

Maria Ludovica, che per la figliastra era stata un'amica e quasi una madre, si oppose a questa decisione ma senza successo dato che l'Austria non era nella condizione di poter rifiutare l'offerta dell'imperatore francese. Maria Ludovica avrebbe inoltre voluto che la figliastra sposasse suo fratello Francesco, futuro duca di Modena e Reggio.

Matrigna e figliastra poterono di nuovo riabbracciarsi il 21 maggio 1814 a Sieghartskirchen, vicino a Vienna, allorché Maria Luisa fece ritorno, col figlio avuto da Napoleone, in Francia. La definitiva caduta del generale a Waterloo il 18 giugno 1815 segnò la fine delle preoccupazioni degli Asburgo e di Maria Ludovica, la cui vita era stata segnata, si può dire, dalla politica espansionistica di Napoleone.

Morte
Il matrimonio tra Francesco e la terza moglie fu destinato a non essere coronato dalla nascita di altri figli. Maria Ludovica soffriva di una malattia polmonare, forse tubercolosi, che le fece intraprendere dapprima un trasferimento nel clima più mite di Bolzano, nell'ottobre-novembre del 1815, e la condusse poi alla morte alla giovane età di 28 anni, nel palazzo Canossa di Verona il 7 aprile 1816, domenica delle Palme.
È sepolta nella Cripta Imperiale di Vienna.
Dopo esser rimasto vedovo per la terza volta, l'imperatore austriaco Francesco cercò una nuova moglie e sette mesi più tardi sposò la principessa Carolina Augusta di Baviera.

Eredità

Monumenti a Maria Ludovica
Una grande lapide marmorea che menziona la sua visita con l'imperatore nel 1816 si trova nel Duomo di Monza.

Un grande monumento in bronzo raffigurante lei al centro e l'arciduca Giuseppe d'Asburgo-Lorena, Palatino d'Ungheria e János Buttler sui lati fu inaugurato nel 1901 presso l'Accademia Militare Reale Ungherese Ludovica.

Ascendenza

Titoli, trattamento, onorificenze e stemma

Titoli e trattamento
14 dicembre 1787 - 11 agosto 1804: Sua Altezza Reale l'Arciduchessa Maria Ludovica d'Austria-Este, principessa di Modena e Reggio
11 agosto 1804 - 6 gennaio 1808: Sua Altezza Imperiale e Reale Maria Ludovica d'Austria-Este, principessa imperiale d'Austria, principessa reale d'Ungheria e Boemia, principessa di Modena
6 gennaio 1808 - 7 aprile 1816: Sua Maestà Imperiale e Reale Apostolica l'Imperatrice d'Austria, Regina d'Ungheria, Croazia e Boemia

Onorificenze

Note

Bibliografia
 Franz Herre, Maria Luigia, Milano, Mondadori, 1999. ISBN 88-04-46432-1

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Austria-Este
Imperatrici austro-ungariche
Gran maestri dell'Ordine dei Virtuosi
Gran maestri dell'Ordine della Croce Stellata
Gran maestri dell'Ordine dell'amore verso il prossimo
Protettrici dell'Ordine di Elisabetta Teresa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Felix Gomez has landed a series regular role on ABC Family drama pilot Stitchers. Written by Jeffrey A. Schechter (Overruled), Stitchers follows a young woman recruited into a covert government agency to be "stitched" into the minds of the recently deceased, using their memories to investigate murders and decipher mysteries that otherwise would have gone to the grave. Gomez, repped by SDB Partners and Symington Talent Management, will play college professor Dr. Jerome Smallwood, who teaches a grad course in computer science, in which Kirsten and her roommate, Camille, are students. Smallwood is smart and good at his job, but he's no match for Kirsten, who can out-hack him and out-think him.
James McDaniel has been cast opposite Mena Suvari in Amazon Studios' drama pilot Hysteria, from Shaun Cassidy, Alcon Entertainment and Universal TV. It centers on Dr. Logan Harlow (Suvari), an exceptionally bright but socially awkward neurologist/psychiatrist at the University of Texas Medical School who travels to her hometown of Austin, TX to investigate a mysterious epidemic among high school girls that might be spreading through technology. McDaniel will play Dr. Carl Sapsi, a local Austin doctor who's baffled by the outbreak of hysteria in his midst and initially eager to work with his friend, Dr. Harlow, to uncover the mysteries at its core. It's only when Logan becomes a pariah in the community that Sapsi pulls away from her.


Dice games are fun but as you continue investing in the dices you will realize why it is important to keep them safe. You will not be able to play the game well when some dices are missing. This might mean having to buy a new set altogether. These are predicaments you won't have to deal with when you have a good dice bag. Because it is not all the time the games will be taking place inside your house, you will have an easy time carrying your dice to your friend's house. First of all, you have to consider the size of your dice bag. You should not pick a size that is too small or too big. To avoid making misguided mistakes, you should take note of the measurements. You want a bag that can fit at least 100 dices. You want to consider how many dices you will add to your collection in the future when purchasing the bag so that you will not have to go back to the market to make your choice. You also need to consider the material which has been used in making the dice bag. There are various kinds of materials used in making these bags ranging from leather to nylon. Most of the mass produced ones are made of cloth. The best thing for you to do is to find a dice bag that has soft velvet or even satin lining. You will avoid nicks and scratches on the dice with such a move.
In addition, you should consider your taste when it comes to the dice bag design. You want to think about your design and even style when making your choice. You can even have the designer make your own dice bag if you cannot find what you want on the market. Prior to making the transaction, you want to consider how durable the bag is. If you have your dice with you all the time then you have to think about the pressure this will be putting on the bag. If you have bought a durable bag this is not an issue you will have to worry about. Also, it is cost-effective because you will not be back on the market in search for a dice bag in the near future. Some materials perform well when it comes to durability and if you know about them you will make the right choice. How the bag has been stitched should also give you a clue about the durability.
Additionally, it is important for you to go for an affordable option when you are choosing your dice bag. Affordability means different things to different people. Even so, do not look at what the next person is buying but rather what your budget can accommodate.


We used video-bronchoscopy for the purpose of laryngopharyngeal observation. The Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) system on the video-bronchoscope was useful for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant micro-lesions and for estimating the range of intraepithelial cancer lesions. It was easy to manipulate the bronchoscope for otorhinolaryngologists since it could be inserted transnasally. After the observation, a biopsy was performed immediately through the channel. Proper diagnoses were obtained in most of cases.
Early glottic cancer is usu-ally treated with radiotherapy. In addition, surgery involving laser microsurgery is reported to be almost equally effective in treating the disease. Laser microsurgery can also be applicable for selected recurrent glottic cancer after radiotherapy or initial laser surgery. Only one in sixteen patients treated with laser microsurgery for untreated T1aN0M0 glottic cancer had a recurrence during the follow-up period, whereas three out of eight patients with rT1N0M0 glottic cancer had a further recurrence. Evaluation of postoperative voice with the visual analog scale (VAS), the voice-related quality of life questionnaire (V-RQOL), and the voice handicap index-10 questionnaire (VHI-10) demonstrated comparable satisfaction between untreated cases and rT1 cases. These results suggest that laser microsurgery can be considerable for selected recurrent T1 glottic cancer.
The objective of our study was to determine the risk factors of late-onset radiation induced morphologic change and function disorder in larynx. Six cases of late-onset laryngeal necrosis and fibrosis after radiotherapy for head and neck cancers between 1994 and 2008 were evaluated. All of the patients were male with ages ranging from 57 to 74 years. The cases included three with supraglottic laryngeal cancer (T2), two with glottic laryngeal cancer (T1a), and one with an unknown origin metastatic neck tumor. Radiation injury was found from as early as 4 months up to 77 months after radiotherapy. Laryngeal late-onset radiation-induced Morphologic change and functional disorder were observed in patients having had supraglottic laryngeal cancer (T2), concurrent chemoradiotherapy, LASER surgery, or an over exposure dose. Consequently these patients were thought to be at risk for delayed radiation-induced sequelae. While almost all laryngeal necrosis was found within 6 months, supra-laryngeal fibrous stenosis was observed even beyond 24 months. It was difficult to discriminate between i Laryngeal necrosis and recurrent cancer, as well as to determine an early diagnosis of supra-laryngeal fibrous stenosis. It is, Therefore, essential that patients with risk factor of late-onset radiation-induced sequelae be followed up over the long-term.
Laryngeal papilloma is the most common benign tumor of the larynx and is caused by the human papilloma virus. It is often difficult to treat papilloma because it recurs or disseminates frequently. Micro laryngeal surgery is usually employed under general anesthesia, however some patients need to have the surgery repeatedly. That can be physically and mentally demanding and can lead to complications associated with general anesthesia or direct laryngoscopy. In addition, some patients have difficulty undergoing general anesthesia. We reported on 4 adult cases with laryngeal papilloma treated by surgery with a Nd-YAG laser under local anesthesia. One case had multiple and expanded papillomatosis. General anesthesia was difficult in this case because of a cervical problem due to a previous traffic accident. He underwent surgery using the Nd-YAG laser twice. The lesion has not recurred for more than 1 year. Other cases also underwent surgery with the Nd-YAG laser several times, and their lesions had not recurred for over a year. The Nd-YAG laser can be effective on exophytic laryngeal papillomas which recur because of their high tissue permeability. Operation under local anesthesia is less invasive procedure. We believe that endoscopic surgery with the Nd-YAG laser under local anesthesia plays a supplementary role in the treatment of laryngeal papilloma. It is most prudent to observe the lesions in detail and at a minimum to perform a biopsy under a microscope during the first operation.
[Introduction] It has been reported that satisfactory surgical treatment is difficult to accomplish on cases with post-operative vocal fold scarring where flexibility has decreased. In the present study, the primary goal was to attain voice improvement for a professional singer, who had undergone laryngeal micro-surgery repeatedly. We removed scar tissue and performed autologous fat augmentation thereby successfully improving the wave motion of mucosa during phonation. The result of our study on the changes of acoustical analyses are reported. [The Case and the Course] The patient was a 60-year-old female folk singer. She had a history of smoking and had undergone laryngeal micro-surgery for polypoid degeneration of the vocal folds several times in the past. Mucosal depression was noted on left vocal fold. Using a stroboscope, mucosal wave motion was determined to be partially lacking on the left, and a deficiency of glottal closure was seen. In order to repair the vocal fold defect, autologous fat augmentation was performed. After the operation, her daily conversation voice had improved; however, no improvement of her singing voice was noted and mucosal defect remained. The patient was a professional singer and had a strong desire for her voice to be improved further. Subsequently, using laryngeal microscope, we tried to remove the intra-mucosal scar tissue and to inject fat tissue. Post-operatively, mucosal defect had diminished almost completely and wave motion during phonation had improved.[Summary] The results of the study suggest that the removal of scar tissue and fat augmentation seem to be effective surgical treatments for vocal fold scarring.
In general, the primary therapy for mutational voice disorder has been voice therapy. However, we sometimes see cases in which voice therapy does not decrease the high pitch of mutational voice disorder. We performed an Isshiki type III thyroplasty on a patient with mutational voice disorder who had been treated by voice therapy for two years without remarkable improvement of his voice. His voice pitch became much lower after the Isshiki type III thyroplasty surgical procedure. The patient's fundamental frequency (F0) decreased from 276 Hz before surgery to 126 Hz after surgery. Isshiki type III thyroplasty was found to be useful as surgical treatment for higher pitch and resulted in a voice that was satisfactory to the patient with mutational voice disorder.
Laryngomalacia is one of the most common forms of laryngeal stenosis in newborns and infants. We reported two cases of laryngomalacia that were treated with surgical intervention for intractable dyspnea and dysphagia. A 4-year-old girl with complication due to cerebral palsy presented with progressive inspiratory stridor and saliva aspiration. Combined type laryngomalacia was diagnosed and she underwent a tracheotomy. A 2-year-old boy suffered from brain injury incurred from domestic violence at 4-months of age. He presented with inspiratory dyspnea followed by repeated aspiration bronchitis. Endoscopic examination revealed strongly flaccid arytenoid mucosa. The mucosal lesion was resected with a CO2 laser. A retrospective review of the charts of 13 cases of laryngomalacia in our hospital revealed that 9 cases (69%) were arytenoid type and 3 (23%) were combined type. Ten cases (77%) were complicated with central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as cerebral palsy. Besides dyspnea, swallowing disturbance was a major symptom in the cases. Generally symptoms will decrease with a physical growth; however, those cases with CNS disorders, gastroesophageal reflux, or additional laryngeal anomalies tended to have persistent symptoms. In such cases, surgical intervention might be indicated.
MALT lymphoma is a malignant lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Two cases of supraglottic MALT lymphoma of the larynx are presented. Case 1 was a 33-year-old female. During the initial consultation, the patient complained of pharyngodynia and hoarseness that had persisted for a month. Endoscopic examination revealed a supraglottic mass with a smooth surface. The histopathological diagnosis was MALT lymphoma. No other lesions were detected in a systemic evaluation. The patient was diagnosed as having clinical stage IE and was treated with 3 courses of R-CHOP followed by 30.6 Gy of radiotherapy. Case 2 was a 35-year-old female complaining of hoarseness. Multiple smooth lesions were exhibited in the supraglottic region. The diagnosis was MALT lymphoma in clinical stage IE. The patient was treated with the same protocol as Case 1. Both patients are alive with no evidence of recurrence at present.
Cicatricial pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune disease with chronic blister and decomposition formation in the membrane leaving scarring. Blistering and decomposition may also be expected in the pharynx, larynx or esophagus. This study began when the subject started showing symptoms from 3 years of age and continued for 10 years as the cicatricial pemphigoid progressed. Breathing difficulty appeared nightly when she was 3 years and 10 months old. It was urgent, requiring endotracheal intubation and a tracheotomy. Rubor of a left main bronchus and strangulation effects were observed from 4 and a half years of age. A keloplasty of the epiglottis was performed and the glottis was closed by cicatricial adhesion. In Japan, the number of cicatricial pemphigoid cases requiring tracheotomies, including this case, was 15. The number of cases whose tracheal gill holes were closed relatively quickly was 3. Medical treatment of the larynx cannot be carried out while the condition is not under control. The girl in this study is now a junior high school student and has the ability for satisfactory everyday conversation as well as functional deglutition. Since steroids are prescribed for ongoing treatment, we think it's important to see and carefully monitor progress. Depending on future progress, it may be that larynx reconstruction among other physical treatments could be indicated.
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is defined as a clinical triad of capillary malformations (port wine stain), soft tissue and bone hypertrophy, and varicose veins. The case in this report is a 39-year-old male who had suffered from severe obstructive sleep apnea due to extensive hemangiomas in the nasopharyngeal lesion. Hemangiomas also presented in other lesions of the neck, lateral abdomen and the limbs. A tracheostomy under local anesthesia was performed for maintain the upper air way. When an incision on the anterior wall of the trachea was done, unexpected bleeding from the intra-tracheal space occurred. This bleeding originated from the capillary malformations in the tracheal wall. Hypo-oxygenation due to hypoventilation continued for a few minutes until an intubation was performed. After the treatment, patient was moved to the ICU for general recovery. During his stay in the ICU, there were recurrent incidents of active, frequent bleeding from the paratracheal space with further complications due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Strict management for recurrent bleeding was required for a month. About two months after surgery, he was discharged from the hospital with cessation of bleeding. In the event that bleeding occurs with KTS, treatment for local hemangioma may be difficult. It should be considered that unexpected and recurrent bleeding may occur in the management of KTS.


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2019 Cardiff Triathlon Elite Sprint
34 Harry Leleu Male 1 MOPEN 1 00:09:08 4 00:07:20 12 00:06:55 3 00:06:50 6 00:07:16 1 00:28:19 5 00:07:16 4 00:08:11 2 00:15:26 2 00:54:04 1
20 Cameron Main Male 2 MU23 1 MORAY FIRTH TRIATHLON CLUB 00:09:12 7 00:07:14 2 00:06:55 7 00:06:49 2 00:07:16 2 00:28:12 1 00:07:17 5 00:08:19 3 00:15:35 4 00:54:12 2
19 Guy Evans Haggerty Male 3 MU23 2 UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING /PROJEC 00:09:13 9 00:07:16 5 00:06:54 2 00:06:50 7 00:07:18 5 00:28:17 4 00:07:14 3 00:08:28 4 00:15:42 5 00:54:22 3
17 Daniel Dixon Male 4 MU23 3 RYTON TRI 00:09:01 2 00:07:26 19 00:06:54 1 00:06:50 5 00:07:19 7 00:28:27 8 00:07:26 9 00:08:32 7 00:15:57 7 00:54:38 4
36 Cameron Harris Male 5 MU23 4 00:09:34 21 00:07:15 3 00:07:02 11 00:07:06 15 00:07:26 21 00:28:46 10 00:07:08 2 00:08:05 1 00:15:13 1 00:54:40 5
11 Marcus Dey Male 6 MU23 5 00:08:57 1 00:07:30 23 00:06:55 5 00:06:50 8 00:07:18 4 00:28:32 9 00:07:19 6 00:08:46 11 00:16:05 9 00:54:45 6
25 James Chantler-Mayne Male 7 MU23 6 00:09:08 3 00:07:12 1 00:06:55 4 00:06:50 4 00:07:20 10 00:28:14 2 00:07:23 8 00:08:42 9 00:16:04 8 00:54:54 7
16 James Lund Male 8 MU23 7 00:09:09 5 00:07:16 6 00:06:55 8 00:06:49 3 00:07:20 11 00:28:19 6 00:07:27 10 00:08:55 12 00:16:21 11 00:55:02 8
33 Matthew Willis Male 9 MU23 8 00:09:24 16 00:07:19 11 00:07:03 13 00:07:06 19 00:07:25 19 00:28:52 14 00:07:05 1 00:08:30 5 00:15:34 3 00:55:06 9
27 Oliver Turner Male 10 MU23 9 JERSEY TRIATHLON CLUB 00:09:13 8 00:07:16 4 00:06:55 9 00:06:49 1 00:07:17 3 00:28:16 3 00:07:28 11 00:09:09 17 00:16:36 15 00:55:17 10
15 Jack Hutchens Male 11 MOPEN 2 00:09:36 24 00:07:24 16 00:07:06 19 00:07:05 13 00:07:23 12 00:28:56 15 00:07:21 7 00:08:31 6 00:15:51 6 00:55:45 11
28 Frederick Webb Male 12 MU23 10 00:09:09 6 00:07:19 10 00:06:55 6 00:06:51 9 00:07:18 6 00:28:22 7 00:07:51 18 00:09:12 20 00:17:03 19 00:55:47 12
29 Jack Shayler Male 13 MU23 11 00:09:15 10 00:07:25 18 00:07:04 15 00:07:06 20 00:07:25 16 00:28:58 17 00:07:28 12 00:08:59 13 00:16:27 13 00:55:58 13
9 Lewis Byram Male 14 MU23 12 HOLMFIRTH HARRIERS 00:09:28 17 00:07:26 20 00:07:14 20 00:07:07 22 00:07:19 9 00:29:05 20 00:07:29 13 00:09:00 14 00:16:28 14 00:56:16 14
21 Luke Howard Male 15 MU23 13 STIRLING UNIVERSITY 00:09:40 27 00:07:25 17 00:07:05 17 00:07:05 12 00:07:23 13 00:28:56 16 00:07:39 14 00:08:39 8 00:16:17 10 00:56:16 15
26 Joshua Lewis Male 16 MOPEN 3 NTPCW 00:09:20 12 00:07:22 13 00:07:16 23 00:07:07 21 00:07:19 8 00:29:02 19 00:07:43 15 00:08:44 10 00:16:26 12 00:56:19 16
24 Tom Hughes Male 17 MU23 14 00:09:17 11 00:07:19 9 00:07:04 14 00:07:06 16 00:07:23 14 00:28:50 12 00:07:59 22 00:09:07 16 00:17:06 21 00:56:36 17
30 Kieran Lindars Male 18 MOPEN 4 00:09:24 15 00:07:17 7 00:07:02 10 00:07:06 17 00:07:26 23 00:28:49 11 00:07:53 19 00:09:12 19 00:17:05 20 00:56:37 18
7 Brian Glynn Male 19 MOPEN 5 00:09:36 25 00:07:27 21 00:07:05 18 00:07:04 11 00:07:25 15 00:28:59 18 00:07:49 17 00:09:03 15 00:16:51 16 00:56:45 19
2 Ben Bishop Male 20 MU23 15 00:09:33 20 00:07:22 14 00:07:16 22 00:07:05 14 00:07:26 22 00:29:07 23 00:07:54 20 00:09:09 18 00:17:02 18 00:56:59 20
35 Jordan Hull Male 21 MU23 16 00:09:23 14 00:07:18 8 00:07:02 12 00:07:06 18 00:07:27 24 00:28:52 13 00:08:18 26 00:09:39 24 00:17:56 25 00:57:30 21
5 Chris Roy Male 22 MOPEN 6 00:09:21 13 00:07:29 22 00:07:14 21 00:07:07 24 00:07:25 18 00:29:14 24 00:08:13 23 00:09:39 25 00:17:52 24 00:57:53 22
10 Lewys John Male 23 MU23 17 00:09:29 18 00:07:31 24 00:07:04 16 00:07:07 23 00:07:26 20 00:29:07 22 00:08:22 27 00:10:02 32 00:18:24 29 00:58:23 23
32 Rory Strachan Male 24 MU23 18 00:09:30 19 00:07:23 15 00:07:16 24 00:07:04 10 00:07:25 17 00:29:06 21 00:08:50 38 00:09:59 31 00:18:48 35 00:58:51 24
18 Jamie Bedwell Male 25 MU23 19 TEAM BODYWORKS 00:10:14 38 00:07:49 26 00:07:35 25 00:07:37 26 00:07:58 26 00:30:57 25 00:07:58 21 00:09:16 22 00:17:13 22 00:59:37 25
72 Chloe Cook Female 1 FOPEN 1 TEAM BODYWORKS 00:09:36 23 00:07:58 28 00:07:37 27 00:07:29 25 00:07:54 25 00:30:58 26 00:08:16 25 00:09:43 27 00:17:59 26 00:59:57 26
70 Issy Morris Female 2 FU23 1 NTPCW 00:09:49 30 00:08:20 41 00:08:00 43 00:07:44 34 00:08:11 31 00:32:13 36 00:07:46 16 00:09:13 21 00:16:59 17 01:00:19 27
23 Patrick Robinson Male 26 MU23 20 LOUGHBOROUGH DEVELOPMENT SQUAD 00:09:41 29 00:08:09 33 00:07:40 28 00:07:38 27 00:08:01 28 00:31:25 27 00:08:23 29 00:10:23 37 00:18:46 34 01:01:14 28
67 Sophia Green Female 3 FU23 2 MORAY FIRTH TRIATHLON CLUB 00:10:05 35 00:08:06 30 00:07:48 32 00:07:55 42 00:08:11 33 00:31:58 32 00:08:27 31 00:09:40 26 00:18:07 27 01:01:28 29
55 Erica Byram Female 4 FU23 3 HOLMFIRTH HARRIERS 00:09:51 33 00:08:18 36 00:08:00 44 00:07:42 30 00:08:12 35 00:32:11 34 00:08:28 32 00:09:48 28 00:18:15 28 01:01:35 30
65 Annabel Morton Female 5 FU23 4 00:10:18 40 00:08:08 32 00:07:45 30 00:07:43 31 00:08:12 34 00:31:47 30 00:08:23 28 00:10:02 33 00:18:25 30 01:01:50 31
64 Rosie Allen Female 6 FU23 5 00:09:50 32 00:08:18 38 00:08:01 45 00:07:43 32 00:08:13 36 00:32:14 37 00:08:35 33 00:09:51 29 00:18:25 31 01:01:51 32
63 Megan Mcdonald Female 7 FU23 6 00:10:09 36 00:08:15 35 00:07:44 29 00:07:44 35 00:08:10 30 00:31:51 31 00:08:39 34 00:09:59 30 00:18:37 32 01:01:59 33
53 Olivia Matthews Female 8 FOPEN 2 OPTIMA 00:11:05 54 00:08:21 42 00:07:50 33 00:07:51 37 00:08:11 32 00:32:11 33 00:08:16 24 00:09:33 23 00:17:49 23 01:02:25 34
74 Hollie Elliott Female 9 FU23 7 00:09:59 34 00:08:10 34 00:08:01 46 00:07:44 36 00:08:19 41 00:32:12 35 00:09:05 43 00:10:25 39 00:19:30 41 01:02:59 35
12 Will Dixon Male 27 MU23 21 RYTON TRI 00:10:24 42 00:08:00 29 00:07:45 31 00:07:41 29 00:08:17 40 00:31:42 29 00:08:47 37 00:10:38 41 00:19:24 40 01:03:00 36
54 Lucy Byram Female 10 FU23 8 HOLMFIRTH HARRIERS 00:10:32 46 00:08:18 37 00:07:54 35 00:08:01 48 00:08:26 44 00:32:37 42 00:08:45 35 00:10:13 36 00:18:58 36 01:03:26 37
56 Iona Miller Female 11 FU23 9 00:10:22 41 00:08:23 44 00:07:55 38 00:08:00 45 00:08:27 45 00:32:43 45 00:08:52 39 00:10:10 34 00:19:01 37 01:03:38 38
4 Oliver Rios Trott Male 28 MU23 22 00:10:25 44 00:08:43 53 00:08:13 51 00:08:35 53 00:08:24 43 00:33:53 49 00:08:26 30 00:10:13 35 00:18:39 33 01:04:31 39
57 Abbie Holyoake Female 12 FU23 10 YORKSHIRE TRIATHLON ACADEMY 00:10:12 37 00:08:31 50 00:07:54 37 00:08:04 49 00:09:08 53 00:33:37 48 00:08:52 40 00:10:23 38 00:19:15 39 01:04:33 40
58 Florence Swan Female 13 FU23 11 00:10:29 45 00:08:21 43 00:07:56 39 00:08:00 44 00:08:27 46 00:32:43 44 00:09:20 45 00:11:00 44 00:20:19 44 01:04:54 41
22 Chester Powell Male 29 MU23 23 BRAT 00:11:42 55 00:08:19 40 00:08:02 48 00:08:01 47 00:08:22 42 00:32:43 43 00:08:45 36 00:10:26 40 00:19:10 38 01:05:02 42
60 Ashia Fenwick Female 14 FOPEN 3 UNIVERSITY OF BATH TRIATHLON C 00:10:24 43 00:08:24 46 00:07:54 36 00:08:00 46 00:08:28 47 00:32:45 46 00:09:31 46 00:11:00 45 00:20:30 46 01:05:03 43
73 Florence Betts Female 15 FU23 12 00:10:55 50 00:08:23 45 00:07:50 34 00:07:51 39 00:08:13 37 00:32:15 38 00:09:48 49 00:11:07 47 00:20:54 47 01:05:34 44
68 Jenny Newbery Female 16 FOPEN 4 00:10:37 47 00:08:36 51 00:07:57 41 00:07:51 38 00:08:13 38 00:32:36 41 00:09:45 48 00:11:10 48 00:20:55 48 01:05:37 45
6 Rhys James Male 30 MU23 24 00:09:49 31 00:08:08 31 00:08:10 50 00:09:13 54 00:09:02 52 00:34:32 50 00:09:02 42 00:10:52 43 00:19:53 43 01:05:39 46
71 Rhiannon Middleton Female 17 FOPEN 5 00:10:47 49 00:08:24 47 00:07:57 42 00:07:51 40 00:08:10 29 00:32:21 39 00:09:45 47 00:11:31 49 00:21:16 49 01:05:52 47
59 Amy Chalmers Female 18 FU23 13 00:10:17 39 00:08:28 49 00:07:56 40 00:08:00 43 00:08:29 48 00:32:51 47 00:09:58 50 00:11:31 50 00:21:28 50 01:06:06 48
66 Chloe Pollard Female 19 FU23 14 BODYWORKS XTC 00:09:41 28 00:08:28 48 00:08:01 47 00:07:44 33 00:08:14 39 00:32:25 40 00:10:36 52 00:12:31 52 00:23:06 52 01:06:39 49
69 Laura John Female 20 FOPEN 6 OPTIMA 00:10:56 51 00:09:07 55 00:08:23 52 00:08:28 50 00:08:53 50 00:34:49 51 00:08:57 41 00:10:49 42 00:19:45 42 01:07:03 50
52 Grace Goodall Female 21 FU23 15 EAST ESSEX TRIATHLON CLUB 00:10:41 48 00:09:00 54 00:08:49 54 00:08:29 51 00:08:53 49 00:35:09 53 00:09:17 44 00:11:07 46 00:20:23 45 01:07:34 51
61 Peta Jarvis Female 22 FU23 16 4LIFE TRI 00:10:58 52 00:08:41 52 00:08:49 53 00:08:29 52 00:08:53 51 00:34:51 52 00:10:08 51 00:12:25 51 00:22:32 51 01:09:51 52
1 Michael Eagling Male DNF MU23 DNF LONDON REGION ACADEMY 00:09:34 22 00:07:56 27 00:08:03 49 00:07:38 28 00:08:00 27 00:31:35 28 0 0 0 DNF DNF
13 Simon Davis Male DNF MU23 DNF 00:11:00 53 00:08:19 39 00:07:35 26 00:07:53 41 0 0 0 0 0 DNF DNF
31 Thomas Wood Male DNF MU23 DNF 00:09:38 26 00:07:49 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DNF DNF
14 Beau Smith Male DQ MOPEN DQ 00:09:20 DQ 00:07:21 DQ 00:07:01 DQ 00:07:07 DQ 00:07:23 DQ DQ DQ 00:07:47 DQ 00:08:41 DQ DQ DQ DQ DQ


The authoritative international alliance Global Education Leaders` Partnership (GELP), which influences the development of school education abroad, for the first time chose Russia as a meeting point for leaders and experts of the world educational community. The official operator of GELP is the Global Venture Alliance.
The GELP Moscow 2017 International Summit will be held in the capital from November 1st to 3rd, and will be a platform for discussion of educational standards, the search for ideas, projects and the formation of a global agenda for the development of a new system for teaching students.
Leaders of Russian education together with leading foreign experts will take part in the International Summit of GELP. The experience of Russia is of interest, since the education system of our country pays special attention to the formation of meta-subject skills among students. The summit is devoted to the topic "Education for a complex world: why, what and how to teach in the 21st century", which was proposed by the Russian side and approved by foreign colleagues.
The co-organizers of the summit are Sberbank Charity Fund "Contribution to the Future" and "Rybakov Fund". Support in the organization is provided by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (ASI) and the Global Education Futures (GEF) association created in Russia.
The program of the summit attracts attention with a unique composition of speakers, among them the leading Russian scientists in the field of education, the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Olga Golodets, the chairman of the Council of the Center for Strategic Research Alexey Kudrin, the aides of the President of the Russian Federation Andrei Belousov and Andrei Fursenko, the General Director of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives Svetlana Chupsheva, Director of the "Young Professionals" of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives Dmitry Peskov.
The summit will bring together representatives of higher education institutions, research institutes, specialists in the field of information technologies, librarianship, leaders of projects for the development of creative abilities, philanthropists, as well as representatives of economic organizations and entrepreneurs - initiators of social and educational projects.
The event will show the international community the achievements of the educational system of Russia - it will present the best domestic innovations in the field of school and additional education. In turn, our country will be able to draw on advanced world practices for the further development of the education sector.
· Michael Stevenson, Senior Advisor to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (UK).


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As the Islamic Year Begins: Hijri 1442 AH
By Shaykh Abdool Rahman Khan
The Muslim New Hijri Year of 1442 began on August 20th, 2020. This year both the Common Era (CE) and the Al-Hijrah (AH) have a lot to record that later generations would wonder how did how did humanity cope with so many calamities? Calamities that have never been witnessed in modern times!
وَإِذْ يَمْكُرُ بِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِيُثْبِتُوكَ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوكَ أَوْ يُخْرِجُوكَ ۚ وَيَمْكُرُونَ وَيَمْكُرُ اللَّهُ ۖ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الْمَاكِرِينَ
"And (remember) when the disbelievers plotted against you (O Muhammad SAW) to imprison you, or to kill you, or to get you out (from your home, i.e. Makkah); they were plotting and Allah too was planning, and Allah is the Best of the planners." (8:30)
Hijrah 1442/August 2020
What can we say about the events leading up to the 1 st Muharram 1442? We are entering 1442 AH with a pandemic that is still wreaking havoc across the world mowing in its path hundreds of thousands of lives and leaving tens of millions affected by an invisible virus known as the COVID-19.
This pandemic as opined by some seems to be a sign of the Last Days. It is something for us to think about because of its humongous impact it has on the way we live our lives. It has brought big powerful nations down on their knees.
For Muslims it affects the way we do our congregational Salaah, the way we would greet each other, how we would have our social activities. It affects how we say goodbye to love ones, how we pray Salaatul Janaazah and moreover how Muslims at large could not perform Hajj and Umrah except for a handful of selected pilgrims in 2020. A picture that was circulated on social media of one, just one of the cleaners praying alone in the Mataaf area does speak volumes.
But dismal as this may be, it is still not equal to the struggles that Rasoolullah SAS and his Companions endured in Makkah. They were persecuted, boycotted, at times beaten if they were heard reciting The Quran and some met with martyrdom. Eventually they were forced out of their hometown leaving everything behind and made the momentous journey to Al-Madinah. This event was used to mark the Muslim calendar. This is known as The Hijrah.
The Reality of Hijrah
Hijrah is not a story telling of Rasoolullah SAS. It is a painful feeling leaving the comfort zone and in this case it was Makkah the most blessed land of Allah SWT. Hijrah is leaving this most beloved land of Allah SWT for the sake of Allah SWT. It is a deal to swap faith for homeland. Hijrah is the nobility of the goal and purpose over the nobility of the place. How painful it must have been for Rasoolullah SAS to leave Makkah with the Ka'bah knowing that he will never be able to make it his home again. As he was leaving he turned back to Makkah and said:
"You are the most beloved land to Allah, and you are the most beloved land to me. Had the polytheists not forced me out of you, I would never have come out and left you." (Tirmidhi)
But it was not a Hijrah from Makkah rather a Hijrah to return to Makkah victorious with the Deen and the right Aqeedah to prevail. This is the reality of the Hijrah!
Prior to the Hijri Calendar
The Arabs prior to Islam did not have a calendar and that was one of the criteria of having a civilization. Islam brought about that new civilization. In fact, the Arabs used to remember the year by a major event like "The Year of the Elephant" or the "Year of Rebuilding the Ka'abah". But they did not have a systematic calendar as we do today. But with the advent of Islam, Muslims eventually became known to the entire world and a new civilization in born. Allah SWT mentions this in His Book Al-Quran:
لَقَدْ أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ ۖ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ
"We have certainly sent down to you a Book in which is your mention. Then will you not reason?" (21:10)
Beginning of the Islamic Calendar
The Hijri calendar was introduced in 638 C.E. / 17 AH by no other than the Second Khalifah `Umar Ibn Al-Khattaab (RA). Now that the Muslim Ummah has been fully established there was a dire need to have a calendar to document its history. There were many different methods and events that were suggested but after much thought and consultation the event of The Hijrah was unanimously decided upon.
Reason for the Hijrah
The reason for choosing the Hijrah date was obvious. First off, it was the Hijrah that has led to the foundation of the first Muslim state and it became the turning point in Islamic and world history. Secondly, the Hijrah epitomizes the sacrifice for the cause of truth and for the preservation of the Revelation. Quraish wanted to suppress the truth using all forms of oppression and persecution but Allah SWT wants His Prophet and His Deen to prevail. Thirdly, every time the New Hijri Year begins it is not about celebration inasmuch it is about a reminder that he struggle between Truth and Evil is eternal. Allah SWT mentions in The Quran that Quraish opposed the truth not only by words but by action. They did not remain silent or stood by idly. In fact they spent their hard earned wealth trying to stop others from worshipping Allah SWT. He SWT says:
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ لِيَصُدُّوا عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ فَسَيُنفِقُونَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسْرَةً ثُمَّ يُغْلَبُونَ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ يُحْشَرُونَ
"Indeed, those who disbelieve spend their wealth to prevent [people] from the way of Allah. So they will spend it; then it will be for them a [source of] regret; then they will be overcome. And those who have disbelieved – unto Hell they will be gathered." (8:36)
Leading up to the Hijrah
During the thirteen years of the Da'wah in Makkah, Rasoolullah SAS and Sahaabah were confronted with rejection, defiance and even physical harm from Quraish. Rasoolullah SAS realized that remaining in Makkah would only make the Da'wah more challenging. He also realized the harm inflicted upon him and his Companions so three years prior to the Hijrah Rasoolullah SAS began his plan. This is a great quality of Rasoolullah SAS and that is proper planning at the same time having trust in Allah SWT.
He would go to the Ka'bah at the time of Hajj and meet people and tell them about Islam. While aiming for the big tribes it was the Will of Allah SWT that he stumbled upon six pilgrims who were from Yathrib (old name of Al-Madinah). He told them about Islam and they were interested. The following year twelve people came from Yathrib and he had a first pledge with them known as – Al- Aqabatil 'Oolaa. Subhan Allah! Come to think about it!These twelve new Muslims from Yathrib would be the gate for Islam to spread globally.
Hijrah is not about numbers it is about dedication and sincerity and Allah SWT causes the rest to happen. After all this is His Deen and He tests us only but He will let His Deen prevail by His Power. Hijrah is not about long speeches. Rasoolullah SAS explained Islam to them and made an oath with them with the following points:
 Don't steal
 Don't fornicate
 Don't kill children
 Don't lie
 Don't invent things that are not true.
Along with six points he SAS sent Umair (a young man) and Abdullah bin Umm Makhtoom (a blind man) and to provide the daily guidance and they were to report after a year. After one year had passed 73 persons came from Yathrib to Makkah and swore allegiance to Rasoolullah SAS. They then returned and began spreading the message of Islam.
The Hijrah of the Companions
It was not easy for Companions to leave Makkah unnoticed. One such case was that of Umm Salamah (RA). She waited for almost 16 months until finally her cousins begged Quraish and they gave her back her son and let her go to Al-Madinah.
Among the last group that made the Hijrah were Uthman bin Talhah, Khalid bin Al-Waleed and 'Amr bin Al-Aas were the last three to convert prior to Fahtu Makkah. Also Al-Abbaas (RA) the uncle of Rasoolullah SAS and his family barely reached Al-Madinah when preparations were already in progress to return to Makkah
The Hijrah of Rasoolullah SAS and Abu Bakr (RA)
It was most difficult for Rasoolullah SAS to do the Hijrah as all eyes were set on him. But by the Power of Allah SWT he walked in front of their faces and they did not see him due to drowsiness that overtook them and left Ali (RA) to sleep in his bed that night. When Quraish learnt that he SAS has finally left they exerted the maximum effort to seize him and his companion Abu Bakr (RA). They searched in all directions and could not find them and so they even announced a reward of one hundred camels for anybody who could seize either or both of them alive or dead.
However, it was Allaah's plan to protect them, for some men from the Quraish reached the very cave where the Prophet (SAS) and Abu Bakr (RA) were hiding – but were unable to spot them. Abu Bakr (RA) saw their feet and he whispered to for Rasoolullah SAS
'O Messenger of Allaah, if any of them looks down at their feet, they will see us.' The Prophet SAS replied, confidently:
"What do you think about two companions, of whom Allaah is the third? (i.e. in terms of assistance)".
Allah SWT captures this moment saying:
إِلَّا تَنصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللَّهُ إِذْ أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ثَانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا ۖ فَأَنزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَيَّدَهُ بِجُنُودٍ لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا السُّفْلَىٰ ۗ وَكَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
"If you help him (Muhammad SAW) not (it does not matter), for Allah did indeed help him when the disbelievers drove him out, the second of two, when they (Muhammad SAW and Abu Bakr) were in the cave, and he (SAW) said to his companion (Abu Bakr): "Be not sad (or afraid), surely Allah is with us." Then Allah sent down His Sakinah (calmness, tranquility, peace, etc.) upon him, and strengthened him with forces (angels) which you saw not, and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowermost, while it was the Word of Allah that became the uppermost, and Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise." 9:40
In this instance of the Hijrah Rasoolullah SAS once again showed his Ummah the importance of planning. He SAS had such detailed planning at the time of the Hijrah itself while doing Tawakkul in Allah SWT. From securing his camels to food and water, who will be with him, who would provide information as to the whereabouts of Quraish to hiring a trusted guide who would take them safely out of Makkah to the way to Al-Madinah were all in the plan of Rasoolullah SAS. Too often Muslims think things will just happen and allow themselves to drift away in negligence and naivety.
After a long tedious journey Rasoolullah SAS and Abu Bakr (RA) made it safely to Al-Madinah by the help of Allah SWT.
As we begin a New Hijri Year we need to do Hijrah
We must emigrate from disobedience to obedience of Allah. Rasoolullah SAS was asked:
…Which migration is excellent? He said: The one by which you abandon that which your Lord dislikes…
This means that among the things that should be shunned are the following:
shun negligence in religious matters and migrate to adherence;
emigrate from sins to submission to Allah;
emigrate from laziness and false hopes to diligence, seriousness and striving in what pleases Allah;
emigration of our hearts from affinity to this mundane life to the love of the Hereafter.
In conclusion the reminder we have in our New Hijri Year 1442 is that we cannot allow evil to prevail over good, oppression over justice, hate over love and internment over freedom. These challenges sound even louder and clearer this year 1442/2020 over many Hijri New Years. This pandemic teaches all humanity to be humble. It has taught Muslims how even in crisis we can still reach out with the message of Islam. Our celebration of this Hijri New Year would be and always would: Stand up for Truth!
Tagged Social JusticeYouth & Children


text:
Garry Marshall wasn't Jewish — except when he was
By Kristin Byrne	July 20, 2016, 12:00 am Edit
Garry Marshall at the premiere of New Year's Eve at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, Calif., Dec. 5, 2011. (Kevin Winter/Getty Images)
If there were a competition for the most Jewish-seeming non-Jew, the late Garry Marshall would have topped the podium (or sat on the bima).
The director, writer, and actor, who died Tuesday at age 81, was so often mistaken for a Jew that the misconception was mentioned in a number of his obituaries. A son of the Bronx, Marshall and his sister and fellow director Penny Marshall grew up along Moshulu Parkway, a fabled haven for Jewish and Italian families who had climbed one more step up the ladder from their immigrant roots. Neighbors included the future fashion designers Ralph Lauren (né Lifshitz) and Calvin Klein; Klein reportedly took dance lessons at a studio run by Marshall's mother.
"I'm Italian and part English, but mostly Italian. My father was Italian, but he changed our name to Marshall," Marshall explained to an interviewer in 2006 (appropriately enough, on the occasion of his appearance as a Jewish grandfather in his son Scott's feature debut, "Keeping Up with the Steins," a comedy about a bar mitzva gone horribly wrong). Marshall also described his upbringing in an essay for the Wall Street Journal:
My family lived in a three-bedroom apartment on the first floor of Argonne Manor, a five-story apartment building on the Grand Concourse in the Bronx. Our building and neighborhood were filled with mostly Jewish and Italian families.
The Jewish kids couldn't go to Villa Avenue, one block over, without being chased by the Italian kids who lived there. Since I was Italian, I was sent to buy Italian ices. My friends gave me their change and I'd rush back with around 10 cups, including my favorite, grape.
In his 2012 memoir, My Happy Days in Hollywood, Marshall recalled another service he performed for Jews — quite literally — this time as a junior counselor at a summer camp:
Although it was a Christian camp, there were some Jewish campers there too. When the staff heard I knew a few Yiddish words, they put me in charge of the Jewish campers. I would take them out to the woods and lead them in weekly services, which I improvised.
As an actor, Marshall was regularly cast as a Jew: the meddling TV executive Stan Lansing in Murphy Brown, a Jewish dad in the play Twilight of the Golds, the talent agent Ari in the sitcom Hot in Cleveland.
But if there is a high point of Marshall's absorption of a Jewish sensibility, it is the The Odd Couple, the ABC sitcom he adapted, with Jerry Belson, from Neil Simon's hit Broadway play. Like the show, the sitcom makes no mention of the main characters' ethnicity. Nevertheless, the fussy Felix Unger and the messy Oscar Madison usually play as distinct Jewish types — the neurotic aesthete and the earthy bulvan — especially when embodied by two Jewish actors, Tony Randall and Jack Klugman.
That Marshall was mistaken for a Jew — and could easily slip into Jewish characters — might actually be taken as proof that there is no such thing as a "Jewish" type. Perhaps what we call "Jewish" is really "New York" or "urban white ethnic" — more a matter of accent and attitude than anything having to do with religion or ethnicity.
For anyone who grew up in the New York metropolitan area, even as late as the 1970s, the mutualism of Jews and Italians is a familiar story. One Long Island suburb, Massapequa, even earned the nickname "Matzah-pizza" in tribute to its mixed population. Growing up a few towns away, I used to joke that the only difference between the Jewish and Italian families were the colors of the father's shirt collar: white for the Jews, blue for the Italians. And the plumbers and electricians probably made more money than the teachers and salarymen.
Decade after decade, Garry Marshall created shows and films that scratched an itch for laugh-filled and sentimental — if never ground-breaking — entertainment: Happy Days and Laverne and Shirley and Mork and Mindy for television, Pretty Woman and The Princess Diaries for the big screen. (Actually, I could have done without Pretty Woman and its queasy glorification of what today is known as sex trafficking.) To this day, I quote The Odd Couple at least once a week.
But if there is something I'll always remember Garry Marshall for, it's his role as the casino owner in Lost in America, Albert Brooks' brilliant 1985 satire about the rise and fall of a quintessential Reagan-era yuppie. In a scene almost musical in its comic rhythms, Brooks' character proposes that Marshall return the money that Brooks' wife has just blown on an impulsive bet. "You're a nice guy, you make me laugh," replies Marshall, with a smile and more than a hint of menace. "But our policy is: we can't give your money back."
Just two actors, a Jew and an Italian — an odd couple who work beautifully together.


text:
import {
  Action,
  StateProperty,
} from '../../../extensions/amp-story/1.0/amp-story-store-service';
import {CSS} from '../../../build/amp-story-panning-media-0.1.css';
import {CommonSignals} from '../../../src/common-signals';
import {Layout} from '../../../src/layout';
import {Services} from '../../../src/services';
import {closest, whenUpgradedToCustomElement} from '../../../src/dom';
import {deepEquals} from '../../../src/json';
import {dev, user} from '../../../src/log';
import {setImportantStyles} from '../../../src/style';

/** @const {string} */
const TAG = 'AMP_STORY_PANNING_MEDIA';

/** @const {string}  */
const DURATION_MS = 1000;

/**
 * Position values used to animate between components.
 * x: (optional) Percentage between [-50; 50]
 * y: (optional) Percentage between [-50; 50]
 * zoom: 0 is not visible. 1 fills the viewport vertically.
 * @typedef {{
 *   x: float,
 *   y: float,
 *   zoom: float,
 * }}
 */
export let panningMediaPositionDef;

export class AmpStoryPanningMedia extends AMP.BaseElement {
  /** @param {!AmpElement} element */
  constructor(element) {
    super(element);

    /** @private {?Element} */
    this.element_ = element;

    /** @private {?Element} The element that is transitioned. */
    this.ampImgEl_ = null;

    /** @private {?panningMediaPositionDef} Position to animate to. */
    this.animateTo_ = {};

    /** @private {?panningMediaPositionDef} Current animation state. */
    this.animationState_ = {};

    /** @private {?../../../extensions/amp-story/1.0/amp-story-store-service.AmpStoryStoreService} */
    this.storeService_ = null;

    /** @private {?string} */
    this.pageId_ = null;

    /** @private {boolean} */
    this.isOnActivePage_ = false;

    /** @private {?number} Distance from active page. */
    this.distance_ = null;

    /** @private {?string} */
    this.groupId_ = null;
  }

  /** @override */
  buildCallback() {
    this.animateTo_ = {
      x: parseFloat(this.element_.getAttribute('x')) || 0,
      y: parseFloat(this.element_.getAttribute('y')) || 0,
      zoom: parseFloat(this.element_.getAttribute('zoom')) || 1,
    };
    return Services.storyStoreServiceForOrNull(this.win).then(
      (storeService) => {
        this.storeService_ = storeService;
      }
    );
  }

  /** @override */
  layoutCallback() {
    this.ampImgEl_ = dev().assertElement(
      this.element_.querySelector('amp-img')
    );
    this.groupId_ =
      this.element_.getAttribute('group-id') ||
      this.ampImgEl_.getAttribute('src');

    this.initializeListeners_();
    return whenUpgradedToCustomElement(this.ampImgEl_)
      .then(() => this.ampImgEl_.signals().whenSignal(CommonSignals.LOAD_END))
      .then(() => {
        const imgEl = dev().assertElement(this.element_.querySelector('img'));
        // Remove layout="fill" classes so image is not clipped.
        imgEl.classList = '';
        // Centers the amp-img horizontally. The image does not load if this is done in CSS.
        // TODO(#31515): Handle base zoom of aspect ratio wider than image
        setImportantStyles(this.ampImgEl_, {
          left: 'auto',
          right: 'auto',
        });
      })
      .catch(() => user().error(TAG, 'Failed to load the amp-img.'));
  }

  /** @private */
  initializeListeners_() {
    this.storeService_.subscribe(
      StateProperty.CURRENT_PAGE_ID,
      (currPageId) => {
        this.isOnActivePage_ = currPageId === this.getPageId_();
        this.onPageNavigation_();
      },
      true /** callToInitialize */
    );
    this.storeService_.subscribe(
      StateProperty.PANNING_MEDIA_STATE,
      (panningMediaState) => this.onPanningMediaStateChange_(panningMediaState),
      true /** callToInitialize */
    );
    // Mutation observer for distance attribute
    const config = {attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['distance']};
    const callback = (mutationsList) => {
      this.distance_ = parseInt(
        mutationsList[0].target.getAttribute('distance'),
        10
      );
    };
    const observer = new MutationObserver(callback);
    this.getPage_() && observer.observe(this.getPage_(), config);
  }

  /** @private */
  onPageNavigation_() {
    if (this.isOnActivePage_) {
      this.animate_();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Animates from current position to active components position.
   * @private
   */
  animate_() {
    const startPos = this.storeService_.get(StateProperty.PANNING_MEDIA_STATE)[
      this.groupId_
    ];

    // Don't animate if first instance of group or prefers-reduced-motion.
    if (!startPos || this.prefersReducedMotion_()) {
      this.storeService_.dispatch(Action.ADD_PANNING_MEDIA_STATE, {
        [this.groupId_]: this.animateTo_,
      });
      return;
    }

    const easeInOutQuad = (val) =>
      val < 0.5 ? 2 * val * val : 1 - Math.pow(-2 * val + 2, 2) / 2;

    let startTime;
    const nextFrame = (currTime) => {
      if (!startTime) {
        startTime = currTime;
      }
      const elapsedTime = currTime - startTime;
      if (elapsedTime < DURATION_MS) {
        const {x, y, zoom} = this.animateTo_;
        const easing = easeInOutQuad(elapsedTime / DURATION_MS);
        this.storeService_.dispatch(Action.ADD_PANNING_MEDIA_STATE, {
          [this.groupId_]: {
            x: startPos.x + (x - startPos.x) * easing,
            y: startPos.y + (y - startPos.y) * easing,
            zoom: startPos.zoom + (zoom - startPos.zoom) * easing,
          },
        });
        // Only call loop again if on active page.
        if (this.isOnActivePage_) {
          requestAnimationFrame(nextFrame);
        }
      } else {
        this.storeService_.dispatch(Action.ADD_PANNING_MEDIA_STATE, {
          [this.groupId_]: this.animateTo_,
        });
      }
    };
    requestAnimationFrame(nextFrame);
  }

  /**
   * @private
   * @param {!Object<string, string>} panningMediaState
   */
  onPanningMediaStateChange_(panningMediaState) {
    if (
      this.distance_ <= 1 &&
      panningMediaState[this.groupId_] &&
      // Prevent update if value is same as previous value.
      // This happens when 2 or more components are on the same page.
      !deepEquals(this.animationState_, panningMediaState[this.groupId_])
    ) {
      this.animationState_ = panningMediaState[this.groupId_];
      this.updateTransform_();
    }
  }

  /**
   * @private
   * @return {!Promise}
   */
  updateTransform_() {
    const {x, y, zoom} = this.animationState_;
    return this.mutateElement(() => {
      setImportantStyles(this.ampImgEl_, {
        transform: `translate3d(${x}%, ${y}%, ${(zoom - 1) / zoom}px)`,
      });
    });
  }

  /**
   * @private
   * @return {string} the page id
   */
  getPageId_() {
    if (this.pageId_ == null) {
      this.pageId_ = this.getPage_().getAttribute('id');
    }
    return this.pageId_;
  }

  /**
   * @private
   * @return {?Element} the parent amp-story-page
   */
  getPage_() {
    return closest(
      dev().assertElement(this.element),
      (el) => el.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'amp-story-page'
    );
  }

  /**
   * Whether the device opted in prefers-reduced-motion.
   * @return {boolean}
   * @private
   */
  prefersReducedMotion_() {
    return this.win.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;
  }

  /** @override */
  isLayoutSupported(layout) {
    return layout == Layout.FILL;
  }
}

AMP.extension('amp-story-panning-media', '0.1', (AMP) => {
  AMP.registerElement('amp-story-panning-media', AmpStoryPanningMedia, CSS);
});


text:
Jak divoký (Bos mutus) je jeden ze zástupců pravých turů adaptovaný pro život ve vysokohorských oblastech centrální Asie. Je ohrožený vyhubením. Domestikovanou formou divokého jaka je jak domácí (Bos grunniens). Populace je v současnosti přibližně 15 000 jedinců.

Pojmenování
Slovo jak pochází z tibetského výrazu gyag (གཡག་), jímž je označován jačí býk. Právě z tibetšiny bylo přejato do evropských jazyků,
Domorodá jména jaka v jazycích centrální Asie jsou rozmanitá:
tibetsky: གཡག་ gyag (býk), འབྲི་ dri
nepálsky: ják
tádžicky: kutos
mongolsky: sarlyk

Popis
Jak divoký patří k nejmohutnějším turům, samec dorůstá kohoutkové výšky až 215 cm a dosahuje hmotnosti kolem jedné tuny. Kráva je daleko menší než býk a dorůstá hmotnosti nejvýš 500 kg. Jak se vyznačuje mimořádně dlouhým trupem. Hrudník je tvořen čtrnácti páry žeber, namísto třinácti u ostatních turů. Hlava je ozdobena mohutnými rohy, které jsou až 120 cm dlouhé a u kořene mohou mít rohy býka obvod až 50 cm, krávy divokých jaků a jaci domácí mají rohy jen o málo kratší, ale daleko slabší. Srst je hnědočerná až černá, hustá, vlnitá a ve spodní části a končetinách prodloužená. Na krku a hrudi splývá srst do výrazné hřívy. Neobyčejně bohatě osrstěný je také ocas, z něhož se v minulosti vyráběly v Indii oháňky proti hmyzu (čámara), ve staré Číně ozdoby úřednických klobouků a v Mongolské či Osmanské říši vojenské odznaky zvané tugy (nesprávně zvané koňské ohony).

Výskyt a způsob života
Divocí jakové žijí v centrální Asii, zejména v oblasti Nepálu, Bhútán a Tibetu. V minulosti zasahoval svým výskytem až do Mongolska. Obývají bezlesé vrchoviny, kopce, náhorní plošiny a hory v nadmořské výšce 3200 m až 5400 m. V zimě sestupují do nižších poloh. Divocí jaci jsou velice plachá zvířata, která žijí v malých stádech o počtu 10 až 30 zvířat. Staří býci jsou samotáři. Ze smyslových orgánů se jak spoléhá především na velmi dobře vyvinutý čich, naopak zrak je jeho slabou stránkou. Do rozmnožování se zapojují býci většinou až ve 3. nebo 4. roce života, krávy od 2. roku. Březost trvá 257 dnů, u domácích jaků je březost poněkud kratší. Tele zůstává s matkou po celý rok, ale už od dvou měsíců věku začíná přijímat rostlinnou potravu. Jaci se živí hlavně trávou na horských lukách, ale žerou také kosodřevinu a lišejníky.

Jaci jsou tak dobře přizpůsobeni životu ve vysokohorském prostředí, že jim pobyt v nížině nedělá dobře. V teplotách nad 15 °C a prostředí s rychlým šířením patogenů mohou poměrně rychle uhynout.

Reference

Externí odkazy

 Yak Research Center
 Yak Information Center

Tur
Fauna Asie


President Donald Trump's budget proposes getting the government out of the business of national service. This comes at a time when the election has divided Americans like few in history. And individuals from different walks of life in our fractured nation have fewer opportunities to have genuine encounters with one another.
Civilian national service typically requires participants to work on a social ill and immerse themselves in vulnerable communities. New research demonstrates that national service programs like Teach For America can bring people together. They cultivate civic responsibility and a shared identity with the communities they serve.
Important class and racial divisions came into clear view during the 2016 election cycle. Notably, beliefs about the causes of inequality and poverty differ significantly by both class and race. These differences have led to disagreement on what policies can best solve pressing issues ranging from education to health.
The more advantaged – the wealthy, more educated and politically connected – typically believe in the fairness of the current economic, social and political system. The advantaged see hard work as key to achieving their privileged positions. In contrast, disadvantaged Americans tend to believe that while hard work is important, it is simply not enough to get ahead in an unfair system.
What happens when the most advantaged members of our society participate in national service, immersing themselves in the lives of struggling members of our society? Do they learn to see the world differently?
Reflecting on the effects of military service, U.S. philosopher William James argued for civilian national service. The U.S. government could enlist young Americans to work among the poor. James noted that civilian national service can foster "healthier sympathies," which are necessary in healthy democracies.
Decades later, President John F. Kennedy famously said "ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." This was a rallying cry for over a million Americans to serve, and ultimately contributed to the creation of organized national service like the Peace Corps and AmeriCorps.
But how can we know if these national service really foster understanding and shared purpose? According to recent research I conducted with Katharine Conn from Columbia University, national service addressing issues of inequality and poverty can have powerful bridging effects.
Our study (pdf) focused on Teach For America. TFA is a national service program that integrates top college graduates into low income communities for two years. While TFA is incredibly diverse, we consider it a corps of "advantaged" individuals because each participant is a top college graduate. Only 33 percent of Americans hold a college degree (pdf) in contrast to 100 percent of TFA participants. TFA is also a highly selective program.
We collected survey responses from over 32,000 TFA applicants between 2007 and 2015, and implemented a "regression discontinuity design" (pdf) to determine the effects of participating in TFA. Simply put, we compared the responses of people who were barely admitted into TFA to those who were barely rejected, as the two groups are similar apart from their participation in the program.
We find that national service has profound and lasting effects on its participants.
TFA participants are more likely to empathize with poor families, and be attuned to injustices faced by low-income Americans.
For example, TFA participants are 7.4 percentage points more likely to believe that systemic injustice contributes to the income-based education achievement gap. The income-based "achievement gap" in education refers to the disparity in academic performance between high- and low-income students.
TFA participants are 8.5 percentage points more likely to agree that poor families value education just as much as richer families. And they are 11.3 percentage points more likely to believe that low-income students have fewer opportunities than high-income students.
When thinking about low-income Americans, participants of TFA have less "actor-observer bias." This psychology term refers to a tendency to attribute one's own setbacks to external factors like an unfair process, and attribute another person's setbacks to traits like laziness.
In other words, TFA participants are more likely to attribute poverty to underlying systemic issues rather than to a lack of individual effort. We also saw an uptick in the belief that government should take more responsibility to ensure everyone is provided for. There is an increased sense that hard work is not enough to bring about success, and that people are poor because of an unfair society as opposed to laziness and lack of willpower.
TFA participation is also linked with less racial resentment and greater dissatisfaction with the treatment of minority groups. In other words, TFA participants are more likely to attribute racial inequality to systemic and historical factors as opposed to lack of effort on the part of black Americans. For instance, they are 12 percentage points more likely to attribute difficulty in social mobility on the part of black Americans to generations of slavery and racial discrimination.
We also find evidence of decreased racial prejudice. TFA participants have less implicit skin-color bias than nonparticipants.
Participation in TFA translates to feeling closer to racial minorities. Those who served a majority African American student population expressed a 19 percentage point increase in feelings of closeness to the African American community. Those who taught in majority Hispanic regions expressed a 14.5 percentage point increase in feelings of closeness to the Hispanic community.
In a fractured nation, national service programs that enable participants to confront issues of poverty and develop deep connections between different groups can enhance empathy and understanding. They can push individuals to reexamine their assumptions and think critically about effective public policy.
Before Lyndon B. Johnson was the 36th U.S. president, he served as a teacher, working with low-income children of Mexican-American farm workers. He worked in a community much like the communities that TFA and other national service programs serve in today.
It is perhaps not a coincidence that he went on to pass the Economic Opportunity Act (pdf), which, among other things, created Volunteers in Service to America, a domestic counterpart to the Peace Corps.
How does national service change people's attitudes?
A survey of 32,000 Teach for America applicants shows the effect of national service on people's beliefs. The figures below show how the responses of Teach for America participants compared the responses of applicants who applied to the program but narrowly missed being admitted.
Effects are in percentage point terms. For example, moving up from 10% to 20% is a 10 percentage point increase, but is an actual 100 percent increase in what is being measured.


text:
Q: How to know which events slow down setTimeout? How to know which events slow down setTimeout()?
In my code I have a keyframe animation of 2 seconds.
I add a class to animate a div
$('#first').addClass('first-start');

and using setTimeout I add a class to stop the animation only after 1 second.
setTimeout(function() {
    $('#first').addClass('first-pause');
}, 1000);

All animation should be of 2 seconds if I don't block it.
I noticed that setTimeout sometimes not run exactly after 1000 milliseconds.
How can I solve this?
How can I know which events slow down setTimeout?

A: JavaScript timers are very inaccurate and there is nothing you can do about it. The timers only fire up if both of the following are met:

*

*The Execution Stack of the currently active queued event is empty

*The timer has elapsed

The key insight to grasping why is it so is understanding that JavaScript is single-threaded by specification (outside Node.js Cluster and Browser WebWorker APIs)
The first item on my list greatly depends on the code outside the setTimeout call in the current execution context. Depending on the event loop implementation, it can also depend even on other events that might have managed to interject between the current Event Queue item by virtue of arriving into the queue prior to the timer being set or even (in some implementations) by arriving before the timer has elapsed.
As JavaScript is single threaded nothing is interrupted in it's execution, and the items awaiting in the queue, including elapsed timers, are only processed when all the previous items have completely executed.
MDN, as always, gives you more detailed insight into theoretical aspects as well as the SpiderMonkey implementation of these concepts:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/EventLoop

A: inside the setTimeout use the removeClass function to remove the 'first-start' class that you added.
setTimeout(function() {
$('#first').removeClass('first-pause');

}, 1000);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Le chaînon Sangre de Cristo, localement appelé chaînon oriental, est un étroit massif de montagnes des Rocheuses d'orientation nord-sud, située sur le bord oriental du rift du Rio Grande dans le Sud du Colorado aux États-Unis. Les montagnes s'étendent sur , du col Poncha au col Mosca et forment une haute crête séparant la vallée de San Luis à l'ouest du bassin de l'Arkansas à l'est.

Selon l'USGS, le chaînon est la partie septentrionale des monts Sangre de Cristo, qui s'étendent à travers le Nord du Nouveau-Mexique. L'usage des termes « chaînon Sangre de Cristo » (Sangre de Cristo Range) et « monts Sangre de Cristo » (Sangre de Cristo Mountains) varie ; le premier inclut parfois la sierra Blanca, et donc le pic Blanca (), et s'étend ainsi jusqu'au col La Veta.

Géographie

Situation, topographie

Deux forêts nationales recouvrent la plus grande partie du chaînon. Le côté nord-est (Arkansas River) est situé à l'intérieur de la forêt nationale de San Isabel, alors que le côté sud-ouest (vallée de San Luis) appartient à la Forêt nationale du Rio Grande. Le parc national et réserve de Great Sand Dunes se trouve sur le flanc sud-ouest, au bord de la vallée San Luis. Aucune route pavée ne traverse le chaînon, on n'y trouve que des pistes pour les automobiles à transmission intégrale et des sentiers pédestres par le Hayden Pass, le Hermit Pass, le Music Pass, le Medano Pass et le Mosca Pass.

Les sommets les plus importants sont ceux du groupe des Crestones : le pic Kit Carson, le pic Crestone, l'aiguille Crestone et le pic Humboldt. Deux sommets secondaires du mont Kit Carson, Challenger Point et Columbia Point, ont reçu ces noms en mémoire des équipages des navettes spatiales Challenger et Columbia.

Géologie
Le Sangre de Cristos est un horst avec de grandes lignes de failles le long des versants est et ouest de la montagne, coupant le massif par endroits. Elle a été formée, en un seul bloc de roches, il y a environ  27 millions d'années.

Sur le côté occidental se trouve la vallée de San Luis avec le Rio Grande coulant au milieu ; sur le versant sud-est  le Bassin Raton, un champ volcanique calme, mais encore actif ; sur le versant nord-est, les Wet Mountains et la Front Range, zones de roches métamorphiques magmatiques précambriennes, formées pendant l'orogénèse du Colorado il y a environ 1,7 milliard d'années et surélevées plus récemment pendant l'orogenèse laramienne.

Alors que le pic Blanca est aussi constitué de roche précambrienne, la majeure partie du chaînon Sangre de Cristo au sens strict est composée de jeunes roches pennsylvaniennes-permiennes (d'environ 250 millions d'années), un mélange de roches sédimentaires, de conglomérats, de schistes et de roches plutoniques. Ces roches proviennent de sédiments érodés des montagnes Rocheuses originelles.

Histoire

En 1719, l'explorateur espagnol Antonio Valverde y Cosio, impressionné par le halo rougeâtre des sommets enneigés au lever du soleil, nomme ces montagnes Sangre de Cristo (le « sang du Christ »).

Activités
Le tourisme est devenu la principale activité économique.

Notes et références

Lien externe

 Sangre de Cristo Range @ Peakbagger


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