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When Reservation Becomes Reverse Discrimination
Dr M N Buch,
Dean, Centre for Governance and Political Studies, VIF
Because India is wedded to the principle of social, economic and political justice and equality of status and of opportunity, it is the fundamental duty of government to ensure this for every citizen of India. That is what the Preamble to the Constitution states. Article 38 requires the State to secure a just social order for the promotion of the welfare of people, minimise inequalities in income and eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations. Article 39 suggests in greater detail how this can be achieved. Contained in Article 38 is the mandate to narrow down or eliminate caste based or class based inequalities, to give every profession not only dignity but also equality of status and to remove regional differences arising on account of geography, topography, remoteness, or any other factors which have kept the region backward. From this flows the special consideration given in the report of the quinquennial Finance Commission to backward, remote and underdeveloped areas, together with a special status given to backward people.
All this is aimed at promoting the equality to which the Preamble refers. Read in this context, this is a powerful message of the Constitution to those who govern us because contained in the words of Articles 38 and 39 is the entire blueprint of the Welfare State. Unfortunately Articles 38 and 39 are more or less dismissed because they form a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy which many of us consider to be advisory rather than mandatory. This is unfortunate. It is almost as if the Ten Commandments were to be treated as a mere sermon rather than as the very core of the Christian faith.
Article 14 of the Constitution confers the Fundamental Right of Equality before law on every person within the territory of India. If viewed constructively, this right extends even to those persons living in India who are not citizens of this country. This, incidentally, is the true hallmark of a country governed by the rule of law, which does not discriminate between people on account of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and, in the context of Article 14, even nationality. Article 15 expressly prohibits any form of discrimination. However, Article 16 does state that if there are any backward class of citizens who are not adequately represented in the services under the State, then the State may make special reservations for appointments or posts in order to correct the imbalance. The operative words are "backward class of citizens" and not "backward castes". This distinction is important as will be discussed later in this paper.
Part XVI of the Constitution goes further and provides for special provisions relating to certain classes. The heading of this Part is slightly misleading in that apart from class-wise reservation it provides for both ethnicity based reservation and for caste based reservation. Articles 330 and 332 provide for reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the House of the People of Parliament and Legislative Assemblies of States. Article 331 permits reservation for Anglo Indians in the House of the People and Article 333 provides for similar reservation in the Legislative Assemblies. Under Article 334 such reservations were for a period of fifty years from the commencement of the Constitution, which means that the reservation should have ceased in the year 2000. Unfortunately from time to time the period of special representation has been extended by constitutional amendments and now it appears as if they have become more or less a permanent part of the Constitution. This is also true of Article 335 which states, "The claims of the members of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes shall be taken into consideration, consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration, in the making of appointments to services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State". Unfortunately the words, "consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration" have been used only in the case of the Armed Forces which have steadfastly refused to accept any reservation in recruitment at any level. For the rest, not only have reservations become almost permanent, but their scope in fact has been widened from time to time as populism becomes the guiding factor in politics.
Reverting to Article 16, apart from reservation in government service for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, there was no reservation for anyone else. Unfortunately the V.P. Singh government decided to disinter the Mandal Commission Report and activate its recommendations on reservation for what are called Other Backward Classes. Without going into the details of the Mandal Commission Report, the fact is that this Commission recognised more than three thousand sub-castes within the Hindu fold and classified a large number of them as backward classes. The Chambers Twenty-first Century Dictionary defines caste in the following words, "all the four hereditary social classes into which Hindu society is divided". It is important to understand that caste is a concept exclusively within the domain of Hindu society and is defined by sage Manu in Manusmriti. To the best of my knowledge, no other religion has a concept of caste, not even those religions which have originated from the Sanatana Dharma, including Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. So far as castes are concerned, special consideration for them is contained in Part XVI of the Constitution and Article 16 does not apply to any matter which is dependent on caste. So far as class is concerned, the Chambers Twenty-first Century Dictionary gives the following definitions, "a category, kind or type, members of which share common characteristics; any of the social group into which people fall according to their job, wealth, etc.,; a system by which society is divided into such groups". Class, therefore, has nothing to do with any religion and even within the same caste there can be different classes depending on one's social status, wealth, profession, etc. For example, amongst the Brahmins of Gujarat the caste is divided between two classes, the Nagars who consider themselves to be the top of the heap, perform no priestly duties and who are served in the matter of religion and social customs by Nagar Brahmins, who stand one notch below. All the other Brahmin communities are grouped in a class below the Nagars, though both belong to the same caste. A class cannot have caste but within a caste there can be different classes.
The Mandal Commission tried to confuse between class and caste by lumping all the people of a particular sub-caste into a group to which it gave the title Other Backward Classes (OBC). Therefore, all Gujars, all Yadavs, all Ahirs, each of whom form a sub-caste within Hindu society, were lumped together as OBCs. Even within the Yadavs there are different classes, with some Yadavs being highly educated and highly placed, others following their traditional agricultural and pastoral professions and yet others being uneducated, backward and unable to find gainful employment. However, all Yadavs are now OBC and though government did try to introduce a creamy layer concept in the matter of extension of reservations, the fact remains that an entire sub-caste became transformed into a class and obtained backdoor entry under Article 16 in the matter of public employment. Here is a case of blatant misuse of the wordings of the Constitution to extend patronage to whole sub-castes of people in order to gain their votes. The situation is that as much as half of all posts in government service are reserved one way or the other on the basis of caste, caste masquerading as class, class per se and with an attempt being made to provide reservation on account of religion either directly as in Andhra Pradesh or in the guise of OBC reservation. Both of these are a blatant misuse of the Constitution, though none of our politicians dare acknowledge this publicly for fear of losing their seats. In all this the words of Article 335, "consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration", are conveniently forgotten.
In the Madras Presidency, reservation became a part of government policy in 1923 and gradually the upper castes, especially the Brahmins, not only faced reduced opportunities for government employment but their children were denied education because of reservation of seats in educational institutions. Under the DMK Government things to came to such a pass that only about eight percent of the seats in institutions of higher learning in Tamil Nadu were available to the Brahmins. Because the community has always prided itself on knowledge and learning, the Brahmins decided that their generation would sacrifice itself so that their children could be educated and, therefore, large numbers of Tamil Brahmin children migrated to universities on all points of the compass in order to gain higher education. Similarly, Tamil Brahmins denied employment in Tamil Nadu moved to wherever jobs were available and, like the Malayalees, they formed the backbone of every government in this country. As for the youth, so many migrated to Silicon Valley in the United States that today the entire computer industry in that country would probably collapse if Tamil Brahmins were to withdraw. Without being judgemental or without empirically trying to assess the loss to Tamil Nadu on account of out migration of many of its brightest children, one can safely state that the gain of the Silicon Valley is at the cost of Tamil Nadu. This is one case where reservation has converted itself into positive discrimination against a particular caste and this has certainly not benefitted the State.
The argument for reservation is that social discrimination in India for over thousands of years has created such massive inequalities that if India is to emerge as a modern State it must take all necessary steps to reverse the inequalities and eliminate the longstanding discrimination. That is why we need to empower the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and OBCs through a share of government service and, therefore, of power so that they can correct the imbalances of the past. I can understand the sentiment behind this argument and do realise that if I were of a caste subjected to discrimination and utter humiliation I would also be filled with a desire for revenge. But revenge is a very bad cure and can kill as surely as the disease itself. The law must take care of social discrimination and we must be ruthless in suppressing it in every form. Perhaps we have not totally succeeded in this behalf and that is utterly shameful. Part of this is because we have not fully understood the context in which Manu divided society into castes. The original division was profession-wise and there is nothing in Manusmriti which suggests that cross caste movement could not take place as one changed one's profession. The stratification of Hindu society is a subsequent event and its main cause is the extreme form of Brahminical Hinduism into which India descended and against which Prince Siddhartha revolted, became Buddha the Enlightened One and gave us a new religion, Buddhism. That religion itself retreated after Adi Sankara reformed Hinduism, though the reforms were not carried far enough to eliminate the worst forms of caste discrimination. Even today Hindu society is mired in social prejudice and inequality and this must be corrected. The question is whether reservation is the correct way of doing it.
If the State were to consciously follow a policy of providing high grade education to the most backward, the most discriminated against, the most disadvantaged, inequalities based on caste or religion can be narrowed down and even completely eradicated. King Bhumibol Adyuladej of Thailand was able to persuade his government that it must invest in the best educational infrastructure in backward areas, the remote provinces, slums and depressed areas so that, through education, inequalities of status and opportunity could be removed. In one cycle of school education, the Thai Government has succeeded beyond its wildest dreams. The Navodaya Vidyalaya experiment of Rajiv Gandhi is a shining example of what can be achieved through education, though the scale is too small to have a major impact. However, flood the country with such schools then, regardless of caste, we can bring equality to all children and within a cycle of twelve years this would transform India. Empowerment through active affirmative action for equal opportunity is far more effective than the lazy man's resort to reservations, because reservations neither help the community as a whole, nor raise the capabilities of the target community because what is being offered is a job on a platter, but not the training for the competence needed to acquire that job. Rather than promote merit in the target group, it has created a new class of 'haves', who get jobs through reservation and the 'have nots' who are left out because there is not sufficient availability of jobs.
Let us begin with political reservations. Rather than having reservation of seats through the Constitution can we not amend the Representation of Peoples Act or, if need be, the Constitution to make it mandatory for every political party to field a given proportion of its candidates from the categories for which reservation now exists? Leave it to the parties to select candidates from scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in adequate numbers. If the party wants to win a particular seat it will have to put up the best SC/ST candidate and whilst this would give representation to these categories, it would be done not because there is reservation but because there is an adequate number of candidates from these categories. Similarly, instead of reservation in jobs should we not, through an aggressive programme of education and training, not increase the competence level of SC/ST candidates so that they can compete on equal terms? Should we not remove from our polity the spectrum of reservation as a means of empowerment and replace it by genuine empowerment through education, training and increasing competence levels?
What we are doing today is to move into a regime in which reservation has become counterproductive and is now tantamount to a reverse discrimination, not only against the upper castes but also within the categories for which reservation is done because by offering easy employment it is destroying their desire for advancement through their own efforts. This is an issue on which we need to do some serious thinking because if reservation creates ennui, despondency or even a degree of fatalism amongst those for whom reservations are provided and also those who have to compete in the open market, the results can be disastrous. For reserved categories it can lead to a feeling that performance and merit are irrelevant because they will find employment through reservation and this would be a demotivating factor in achieving excellence. For those outside the reservation net, the restricted job market can lead many to take the view that no matter how good they are at their studies they will not be given a job, so why study! This is when reservations becomes reverse discrimination and, therefore, counterproductive. We are about to reach that unfortunate stage in our history.
Labels: Brahmins of Gujarat, Directive Principles of State Policy, Finance Commission, Fundamental Rights, Mandal Commission, Manusmriti, OBC, Preamble to Constitution of India, Sanatan Dharma
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In Harry Potter and The Philosopher's Stone, Hagrid's Owl Wanted Payment. Do Owls Use Wizard Money?
I don't recall any other references to owls wanting payment aside from the case from The Philosopher's Stone when Hagrid's owl wanted payment for delivering his message to Dumbledore after making contact with Harry out on the rock island.
Was this payment specifically for the owl? (Thus implying owls use wizard money).
Or was Hagrid's payment ostensibly going to the owl's "keeper" as a sort of rental fee?
carlupqcarlupq
surely it's a courier service. If the logic behind the question holds, are owls the ones producing the Daily Prophet or building broomsticks? Of course not, they are they postal service and its cash on delivery – NKCampbell May 2 '17 at 19:51
The "logic behind the question"?! Your logic interpretation doesn't work. The logic is more an inquiry as to Owls being "self employed" or do they have an "employer'. We're all quite aware the Owl didn't produce Hagrid's letter and thus wanted payment for his transcription service. smh – carlupq May 2 '17 at 19:57
Dunno the price for the Daily Prophet (which I think he delivered if I remember), but if it's what he gave the owl, it's a very outdated concept that us old-farts knew well - Cash on Delivery, or COD. Once upon a time, delivery services would accept payment when a product was delivered; handy before everyone had lots of credit cards, and Electronic Check processing didn't yet exist, and quite popular for 'As Seen on TV' items in the old days. May also apply to subscription services, often at a lower price than the newsstand price. – K-H-W May 2 '17 at 21:27
I'm pretty sure there are other mentions of owls collecting money in later books. – chirlu May 2 '17 at 22:49
I can't imagine owls really buying anything or making transactions with wizards. They seem to be owls who've just been very well trained and half-magical because they somehow seem to know where to find the recipient (like Hedwig did with Sirius sometimes) but in all other aspects, just regular owls. – Reya May 4 '17 at 15:27
It is clearly a payment for the service used. In your example here, the service is mail delivery.
thus implying Owl's use wizard money
No, they don't. At least, there isn't any example or occurrence in the book to support that.
Not a rental fee, but a charge for the mail delivery service.
Dawny33Dawny33
I always assumed it was his Daily Prophet subscription fee. – William Jackson May 2 '17 at 20:18
No, they don't, it's payment for delivering the Daily Prophet.
Hagrid explains why the owl wanted payment - it was for delivering the newspaper. The newspaper costs money, so the owl delivering it has to collect the money and take it back for the Daily Prophet. It doesn't seem like the payments are actually for the owls, but that they collect the money for the Daily Prophet and deliver the money to them similarly to how they deliver messages.
"The owl swooped in and dropped the newspaper on top of Hagrid, who didn't wake up. The owl then fluttered on to the floor and began to attack Hagrid's coat.
'Don't do that.'
Harry tried to wave the owl out of the way, but it snapped its beak fiercely at him and carried on savaging the coat.
'Hagrid!' said Harry loudly. 'There's an owl –'
'Pay him,' Hagrid grunted into the sofa.
'He wants payin' fer deliverin' the paper. Look in the pockets."
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Chapter 5 (Diagon Alley)
Owls take messages for free, but it seems like there's a subscription service where wizards can have the Daily Prophet delivered to them by owl and pay when the owl arrives with their paper. Hermione also gets the Daily Prophet and has to pay the owl that brought it.
"Hermione, however, had to move her orange juice aside quickly to make way for a large damp barn owl bearing a sodden Daily Prophet in its beak.
'What are you still getting that for?' said Harry irritably, thinking of Seamus as Hermione placed a Knut in the leather pouch on the owl's leg and it took off again."
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Chapter 12 (Professor Umbridge)
Another time Hermione is delivered the Daily Prophet, she has to give payment to the owl as well.
"Hermione was not the only person eagerly awaiting her Daily Prophet: nearly everyone was eager for more news about the escaped Death Eaters, who, despite many reported sightings, had still not been caught. She gave the delivery owl a Knut and unfolded the newspaper eagerly while Harry helped himself to orange juice; as he had only received one note during the entire year, he was sure, when the first owl landed with a thud in front of him, that it had made a mistake."
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Chapter 26 (Seen and Unforeseen)
The Daily Prophet owls presumably then return to the Daily Prophet with the money they're given to take. The money seems to be payment for buying the newspaper itself, not for the owl delivering it.
BellatrixBellatrix
Good answer Bella! I thought there was a case where Hermione did the same thing. And it seems rather certain that indeed it's for the paper and not the delivery. One might argue that (for those of us who remember it anyway ? :)) the subscription to a newspaper itself includes delivery so it's the actual item - the paper - that costs money and not the delivery itself. And as for owls: for wizards who don't think as highly for other species would they really care if the owl is overused? Probably not much. Maybe not slaves but they're being used for delivery etc. and the owl doesn't use the gold. – Pryftan May 26 '18 at 23:41
Why did the Owl in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone want money, and why don't other birds demand money too?
Why did Harry and co have to play a dangerous game of Wizard Chess in "Philosopher's Stone"?
Are owls in the Harry Potter universe normal ones?
Are the illustrations in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Illustrated Edition canon
The name of the room holding the Philosopher's/Sorcerer's Stone in first Harry Potter movie/book
Why did Snape help Harry in the Philosopher's Stone?
Harry Potter Wand Use and spell casting
Why didn't the Gryffindor Quidditch team have more senior players in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone?
In Harry Potter, who mints the money?
Other than edits for international editions, did Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone receive errata?


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A B C D E F G H I J K L Ł M N O P R S T U V W Y Z
Grzegorz Pieniek,
Grzegorz Pieniek, composer, b. 18th November 1982, Kamień Pomorski. He graduated with an honours degree in 2008 after composition studies with Lidia Zielińska at the Academy of Music in Poznań. He continued his composition studies with Michael Jarrell at the Universität für Musik und darstellende Kunst in Vienna (2008-2009).
Participant of numerous courses for composers, e.g. the Nationwide Course for Composers in Jelenia Góra (1999), International Workshops of Contemporary Music Cracow/Stuttgart (2002), International Summer Courses for Young Composers in Warsaw (2003), Workshop of Interactive Music in Wrocław (2005).
Winner of many competitions for composers and contests of knowledge about contemporary music: 2nd prize and President of the City of Białystok Award in the 4th Nationwide Competition "Around Witold Lutosławski" (1999), Grand Prix in the "Crescendo" National Competition for Composers in Tarnów (2001), 4th prize in the Nationwide Contest of Knowledge about Contemporary Music in Szczecin (2001), honourable mentions in the 47th T. Baird Competition for Young Composers in Warsaw (2005/2006), Concurso Internacional De Miniaturas Electroacústicas 2007 in Spain and the A. Malawski Competition for Composers in Rzeszów (2008).
In 2009 he obtained the "Young Poland" scholarship of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage and the scholarship of the Adam Mickiewicz Institute; in 2011 – the Theodor-Körner-Preis and the scholarship of the Ernst von Siemens Musikstiftung.
Grzegorz Pieniek's compositions have been performed at festivals in Poland and abroad, e.g. the "Warsaw Autumn", Ny Musik Uge in Denmark, Festival Synthese in France, Festival Internacional de Música Electroacústica Punto de Encuentro in Spain, Wiener Frühlingsfestival and Wien Modern in Austria, Festival Druskomanija in Lithuania, the "Poznań Music Spring", the Festival of First Performances in Katowice, Wiener Frühlingsfestival in Austria, Festival Internazionale di Musica Elettroacustica del Conservatorio S. Cecilia di Roma, Festival Eterotopie in Italy, and Musicacoustica Beijing in China.
Grzegorz Pieniek currently resides in Austria.
Updated in April 2014 (iz)
The composer's internet site: www.pieniek.com
Email: grzegorz.pieniek@gmail.com
Taiga for guitar, piano and percussion (2004)
Tundra for guitar, piano and percussion (2004)
Remote Worlds for tape (2005)
Uroboros for 2 pianos and percussion (2005)
Dreamscape for male choir (2006)
Zones for orchestra (2006)
Kaamos for 12 performers (2007)
sent in november for viola (2007)
String Quartet (2009)
Virtual Memories for 15 string instruments (2009)
Filakizmeni eleftheria, 3 songs to words by Konstantinos Petrou Kavafis for mezzo-soprano, ensemble and electronics (2010)
Corridors for tape (2010)
Im Nebel for transverse flute, contrabass Paetzold recorder and electronics (2010)
Illusion for piano (four hands) and live electronics (2011)
Fortress, 5 pieces for tape (2011)
Jede Nacht besucht uns ein Traum for six instruments (2012)
Zeitlupe for six instruments (2012)
Days to come, days gone by for mezzo-soprano, clarinet and guitar to texts by Konstantinos Petrou Kavafis (2012-2013)
Sommertraum for flute, clarinet, violin and cello (2013)


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Transfer Station & Solid Waste
Portsmouth Transfer Stations
Access the Transfer Station facility to see details such as hours, holiday closures and other useful information regarding this town resource.
Remember - any person who would like to use either the Hedly Street Transfer Station or the Prudence Island Transfer Station must display a valid Transfer Station sticker affixed to their windshield in accordance with the rules.
How the Transfer Station is Funded
The Transfer Station is run as an "Enterprise Fund," meaning the sale of stickers, net proceeds of PAYT bags, and any recycling rebates and sale of metal are meant to cover all costs of the Transfer Station. No monies collected from fees, sticker sales, PAYT bag sales, or rebates of any kind go into the town general fund. Any surplus or deficit in the fund at the end of the year gets carried forward to the same Enterprise Fund.
Applications and Rules for Hedly Street & Prudence Island Transfer Station Sticker Programs
For detailed information on the Transfer Station Sticker Program, click on the link below for the applicable Transfer Station Sticker Application and Rules. Each one gives details on cost, documents needed to obtain a sticker, types of materials accepted at the transfer station, and whether an additional fee is required to dispose of an item.
If you are bringing all information to the Tax Collector's office to purchase your sticker, you do not need to fill out the application; only fill out the application if you are mailing the information to the Tax Collector's office.
Should you have further questions, please contact the Department of Public Works at publicworks@portsmouthri.com or 401-683-0362.
Hedly Street Transfer Station:
2022 Hedly Street Transfer Station Sticker Application and Rules
Prudence Island Transfer Station:
2022 Prudence Island Transfer Station Sticker Application and Rules
Transfer Station - Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT)
Both the Hedly Street Transfer Station and the Prudence Island Transfer Station are Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) facilities. Household waste must be disposed of in specially-marked Town-approved bags you are able to purchase at area stores. The list of area stores can be found at http://reducethetrash.com/portsmouthri/
For additional PAYT information go to: http://www.portsmouthri.com/498/Pay-As-You-Throw
Please see our Portsmouth Recycles page for recycling and diversion information provided at the Hedly Street Transfer Station and around town.
Recycling Information from RIRRC
Rhode Island Resource Recovery Corp (RIRRC) has a handy A-Z list if you have a specific item you want to look up to see if you should dispose of it in a specific manner.
143 Hedly Street
Why do I have to stop at the Check-in Shack?
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Why are pick-up trucks allowed yet utility trailers not allowed?
Why are there out of state license plates at the Transfer Station?
Why does the staff working at the Transfer Station watch where we put our diversion materials?
What if I have an unusually large/cumbersome scrap metal object that cannot be broken down further?
Why can't we just add more operators to aid enforcement of the rules and to more quickly aid Transfer Station users?
Wouldn't it be cheaper if the town just hired more DPW people to run the trash program?
Why do I have to flatten my cardboard boxes?
Why was the "Give and Take" area removed from the Transfer Station? Why is scavenging not allowed?
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NHL -
Home › WHOLESALE PITTSBURGH PENGUINS PRODUCTS
WHOLESALE PITTSBURGH PENGUINS PRODUCTS
The Pittsburgh Penguins are a professional ice hockey team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The team was founded in 1967 and have since become one of the most successful teams in the National Hockey League (NHL). Throughout their history, the Penguins have established themselves as a storied franchise with a rich tradition of star players and memorable moments.
One of the most defining moments in Penguins history was the arrival of Mario Lemieux in 1984. Lemieux, who was drafted first overall by the Penguins, went on to become one of the best players in the team's history. He led the team to two Stanley Cup championships in 1991 and 1992, and was named the team's captain in 1986. He also served as the team's captain for 17 seasons.
Another defining moment in Penguins history was the team's run to the Stanley Cup Finals in 1991, 1992 and 2008. The Penguins made it to the finals in each of these years and won the Stanley Cup in 1991 and 1992, becoming the first team from the state of Pennsylvania to do so. In 2008, the Penguins with the help of players such as Sidney Crosby and Evgeni Malkin, won their third Stanley Cup.
The Penguins have also been successful in recent years, making the playoffs in 15 consecutive seasons from 2007 to 2021 and winning the Stanley Cup in 2016 and 2017. They also made a number of key acquisitions, such as Phil Kessel and Kris Letang, which helped to boost the team's competitiveness.
Off the ice, the Penguins have also been actively involved in the Pittsburgh community. The team's "Pittsburgh Penguins Foundation" initiative focuses on improving the lives of children and families in the Pittsburgh area through education and health initiatives. The team also has a dedicated fan base and the team's games are often sold out.
In conclusion, The Pittsburgh Penguins have a rich history and tradition of winning. Throughout the years, the team has had iconic players such as Mario Lemieux, Sidney Crosby, Evgeni Malkin, Phil Kessel, Kris Letang and many more that have helped the team establish itself as one of the most successful and iconic franchises in the league. The Penguins have won 5 Stanley Cups and have been a perennial contender for the Stanley Cup in recent years. The team is actively involved in the community and has a dedicated fan base. The Penguins have a strong foundation in place and are poised to continue their success in the future.
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Directly through the heart of Ascension Parish winds the powerful Mississippi River, on which many a boat has tugged its load and many a reader has drifted his literary raft along with such legendary figures as Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. Ascension Parish continues to build itself upon its cherished traditions and generations of progress and innovation. To the west of the river lies the historic seat of Louisianan government and now the parish seat, Donaldsonville. To the east, the major city emerging is Gonzales.
Approximately 800 years ago, in A.D. 1200, when the world was just beginning to discover the beautiful riches of itself, one large body of water rested in the land now known as Ascension Parish. As new times and seasons passed, the great river changed its course, leaving behind a stream which the natives called "Bavuk". Today, we know the ancient "Bavuk" as "Bayou Lafourche". Before the French and Spanish settlers ventured into the swamps and pine forests of Louisiana in 1520, the tribes of the Houma, Bayougoula, and Tchitimacha farmed the land, hunted game, and built mounds and temples to the spirits. They were masterful craftsmen. They produced pottery, basketry, and ceramics to trade with their European neighbors.
In 1541, the famed conquistador, Hernando de Soto, wrote about the "Great River" (the Mississippi). His lieutenant, Luis de Moscoso, is believed to have been the first to travel the length of Bayou Lafourche on his rapid escape to Mexico. In 1682, Rene Robert Cavalier, Sieur de La Salle, traveled the Mississippi. He discovered the Gulf of Mexico in April and claimed 'La Louisiane' for France.
The coureurs-des-bois (French trappers) peacefully roamed the vast, wild territory undisturbed for nearly twenty years. By 1698, France and Spain began openly competing for the governing of Louisiana. In 1699, Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville rediscovered the Mississippi and began colonization for France. Iberville, with help from the natives, discovered Bayou Manchac, which later marked the boundary between areas possessed by Great Britain and Spain (1763-1779), and later, Spain and the United States (1803-1810). Today, Bayou Manchac is a northern boundary of Ascension Parish.
In the early 1700s, the French firmly established their reign and controlled land ranging from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. In time, French, Canadians, Germans, Spanish, English, African and Natives populated the area. Like many other American communities, the early European settlers in the area possessed an agricultural economy. The first seeds of the South's beloved sugarcane were planted in the year 1700. By 1795, large crops of the tall, verdant sugar cane sprawled over the marshlands. Approximately 3,000 African slaves were imported to cultivate the land by 1717. Like the Natives, Africans are to be greatly credited for the growth of the colony.
When Louisiana was divided into nine districts in 1721 with Orleans being the area of the modern Ascension Parish, German settlers (Les Allemands) began to arrive by boat along the Mississippi River and Bayou Lafourche. Meanwhile, the French and Indian War ravaged the East. In 1755, England exiled the French settlers living in Acadia, Canada (modern Nova Scotia) who refused to pledge loyalty to the English king. Although the Acadians were scattered and strewn across the continent, many were able to gather and migrate to French lands in Louisiana. In 1765, many people arrived at New Orleans and ventured to settle in modern Ascension Parish. This area became known as the Acadian Coast, later Acadia District (1769), and then Acadia County (1804).
A new race emerged in southern Louisiana, known as the 'Creole'. Writers said they were a 'created people.' Originally, the Creole was one newly born to the Acadians living in Louisiana. Gradually, the definition of the Creole expanded to include the Germans, Spanish, and Africans. Being Creole became a trademark famed and desired around the world. Today, Creole cuisine is widely recognized as a particular style: relating to or being a highly seasoned food typically prepared with rice, okra, tomatoes, and peppers.
As the English encroached upon Spanish territory in Louisiana, Spain recruited settlers from the Canary Islands to help defend their land in 1778. Called 'Islenos,' the soldiers from the Canary Islands founded two settlements near L'Ascension, 'Villa de Galvez' and 'Villa de Valanzuela.' War mounted upon war. In 1779, the American Revolution passed through the dense forests of Louisiana. Successfully defending the region were the Spanish battalions and local militia consisting of Frenchmen, Cajuns, Islenos, Germans, Africans, and tribal natives.
In 1800, Spain returned the territory of Louisiana to France. Napoleon sold Louisiana to the United States in 1803. When news of 'The Purchase' reached L'Ascension, English settlers were jubilant, but the French were wary and dismayed.
L'Ascension area was formally named 'Acadia' in 1804, when Louisiana was further subdivided after the Purchase. At that time, approximately 5,000 people lived in Acadia, then known as the 'Gold Coast.' In 1807, Orleans Territory was divided into 19 parishes. From Acadia were created the parishes of 'Ascension' and 'St. James'.
Ascension Parish is a true American treasure. Embracing its history of Spanish conquistadores, French colonials, English exiles, bloody battlefields, and acres of ripening sugar cane, Ascension is able to look forward to the future with hope while holding onto a secure promise of many more adventures to come. The smorgasbord of traditions, languages, and people have been stirred together into a unique cultural pot. Add some spice, play some music. Let the good times roll. This is the Jambalaya Nation.


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COVID-19: Click here for an updated message from our principal investigator, Dr. Wendy Chung.
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When a Psychiatric Crisis Hits: Children with Autism in the Emergency Room
Marina Sarris
A version of this article first appeared in iancommunity.org.
When Luther Kalb worked at a hospital unit for children with psychiatric problems and developmental disabilities, he heard "horror stories" about the children entering the hospital through the emergency room (ER). An ER, by its very nature, involves some degree of controlled chaos, and children with sensory, learning and speech problems may find it overwhelming.
Later, as a researcher at Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore, Kalb wanted to learn more. "When I started looking in the medical literature, there really wasn't much about autism and the emergency room for mental health services," he says.
He became part of a team that created the first large study of psychiatric-related emergency department visits for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ages 3 to 17. A study the team published in 2012 contains two interesting conclusions:1
Children with ASD are nine times more likely to visit an ER for psychiatric problems than children who don't have autism. Physical aggression, disruptive behavior, running away and hurting oneself are the main reasons for such visits in autism.
Among children with ASD, those with private insurance are 58 percent more likely to go to the ER for psychiatric reasons than are those with government-funded medical assistance. "These children were also more likely to live in a zip code with a higher median income, located in a metropolitan or urban area," among other things, the study found.
MANAGING AUTISM IN THE ER
The second finding was surprising, or counterintuitive, according to the study's authors. Conventional wisdom suggests that children whose parents can afford private insurance will have greater access to mental health and behavioral services in the community and will be less likely to use ERs for such care.
But the reverse seems to be true. The study theorized that this may be because some private insurance plans do not cover mental health services for autism, strictly limit the number of treatment sessions or require patients to see a relatively small number of network providers.
If a child has a major outburst, a parent may have no other place to go for urgent care than the ER. Such a visit may cost more than $1,200, and "these resources would be better used to fund less expensive, more targeted and higher-quality outpatient care," according to the study.1
Kalb knows firsthand the insurance maze some families must navigate. When he was a hospital discharge coordinator, he negotiated with private insurance companies on inpatient psychiatric care for children. "I was in a fight with them every day because they wanted to cut care short," he says. "Then you have to consider that autism is not a billable diagnosis for many behavioral health care plans."
As the study points out, hospital emergency rooms pose "particular problems for children with ASD."
Children with autism often feel anxious in new places. They may not be able to understand medical tests and hospital procedures, because of their language and learning problems, Kalb explains. "It's not the best place to manage behavior," he says.
Also, ER staff may not be well trained in handling behavioral problems in autism.
"Emergency Room clinicians are trained in the management of aggressive and disruptive behavior in typically developing children, but they may not be familiar with how to manage a child with autism who has severe behavior problems," explains senior author Roma Vasa, a child psychiatrist in Kennedy Krieger Institute's Center for Autism and Related Disorders. "Caring for that child is different because of his or her language, social, learning and sensory problems. Moreover, many children with autism have anxiety about medical procedures. Collectively, these challenges can make the ER experience overwhelming and potentially traumatic for a child with autism."
One surprising finding was the large number of children with autism seen in the ER for psychotic disorders. Vasa suspects that this is largely a misdiagnosis. "Individuals with autism can have a psychotic disorder, but we think this is a misinterpretation of the child's behavior that occurred in the context of the child's underlying language, cognitive and social impairments," she says.
FINDING OUTPATIENT PROVIDERS
The study also suggested another reason for the high rate of ER visits in autism: Families may not be able to find outpatient mental health providers with training in autism.1
In a separate study published in 2012, 2 a research team from San Diego found that therapists themselves complained of insufficient training in autism. The study team surveyed 100 therapists in community mental health clinics in California. They reported that many therapists found it "challenging and frustrating" to treat children with ASD because they have "very limited training with this population." They were desperate "for further training to work more effectively with these families."
Another research group examined visits to a New York pediatric ER for psychiatric care. Their study included both children with and without ASD. It classified about a third of the ER visits as "inappropriate," because the problems could have been handled in an outpatient setting. In some cases, schools and mental health providers referred children to the ER before they saw a psychiatrist because a psychiatric appointment was not available.3
Kalb, Vasa, and their coauthors concluded that outpatient psychiatric services for children with autism need to be improved to prevent unnecessary ER visits, particularly for those with private insurance who currently do not have better options. They also recommended more training for ER staff on psychiatric and developmental disabilities and more research on the effect of insurance on mental health care for people with autism.
The team used data from the 2008 National Emergency Department Sample in the U.S. The researchers examined data from more than 3.9 million ER visits by children. More than 13,000 of those visits involved children with ASD.
EASING STRESS IN THE ER
To help parents, Vasa has created "Six Tips to Prepare for a Mental Health Crisis in Children on the Autism Spectrum." whose contents are summarized here:
Make an appointment with a psychiatrist before behaviors worsen.
Create an emergency plan that outlines what to do during a crisis, such as following a behavior intervention plan, calling 911, or going to the ER.
Review the plan often with babysitters, teachers, relatives and others who may be affected or involved.
Ask if you can meet with someone at the nearest ER before a crisis hits, or visit on your own to see what it's like there.
Find out if there are hospitals with psychiatric units where your child could go if necessary.
Find out if mental health treatment is covered by your private insurance policy and how to obtain it.
Vasa further suggests that to find mental health providers with expertise in autism, a parent may contact a nearby university or an organization such as the Autism Society of America.
Kalb, L.G., Stuart, E.A., Freedman, B., Zablotsky, B., & Vasa, R. (2012). Psychiatric-related emergency department visits among children with an autism spectrum disorder. Pediatric emergency care, 28(12), 1269-1276. View abstract.
Brookman-Frazee, L., Drahota, A., Stadnick, N., & Palinkas, L.A. (2012). Therapist perspectives on community mental health services for children with autism spectrum disorders. Administration and policy in mental health, 39(5), 365-373. View abstract.
Soto, E.C., Frederickson, A.M., Trivedi, H., Le, A., Eugene, M.C., Shekher, M., Weiskopf, M., Allen-Dicker, K., Dicker, R., Fornari, V. & Correll, C.U. (2009) Frequency and correlates of inappropriate pediatric psychiatric emergency room visits. Journal of clinical psychiatry, 70(8):1164-1177. View abstract.
Mood issues and disorders
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Twitter puts restraints on plans to delete inactive accounts after user complaints
Twitter has followed up with further information about its plans to remove inactive accounts from the platform, in a bid to 'free up' user handles. An important point was not made clear when the announcement was made on 26 November. What will happen to accounts of people who have passed away? The lack of apparent consideration for deceased tweeters from Twitter, saw a global outcry from Twitter users, which has led to Twitter's most recent re-considerations.
Twitter has realised that it is unacceptable to simply delete accounts of people who have died without any form of action to memorialise them.
This update came only days after Twitter warned users who have not logged into their accounts for six months or more could find their profiles deleted by 11 December. It's now understood that the deadline will shift.
Twitter has been an active social media platform for more than 13 years. In order to free up user names of inactive users, the company took the decision to put plans in place to remove inactive accounts. Twitter says: "Part of this effort is to encourage people to actively log in."
Following mass protest from active Twitter users, Twitter is reconsidering part of its deletion plan, which was scheduled to start next month.
Twitter said in a statement: "We have heard from users about the impact this would have on the accounts of the deceased, it was a true failure on our part.
"We apologise for the confusion and will keep you informed."
The company has now said it plans to introduce a 'new way' for its users to 'memorise' accounts for deceased users. There is no intention to begin deleting inactive accounts before the introduction of this new 'memory' feature.
The social network claimed to have taken such action on inactive accounts due to regulatory concerns.
Once the new feature is fully developed complete, account deactivations in the European Union will be the first to go, in order to comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Twitter account holder, but don't tweet?
If you're a Twitter user but you prefer to read other people's tweets rather than actively write your own, there is no need to worry. This deletion process will not affect those who actively login and spend time on Twitter, regardless as to whether they are tweeting or not. Twitter defines logging is an 'active' use of Twitter and recognises that 'not all signs of account activity are publicly visible' - according to the policy guidelines described on its website.
Twitter ended its statement by saying: "Beyond complying with GDPR, we can expand the application of our inactivity policy in the future to comply with other regulations around the world and ensure service integrity. We will communicate with everyone if further changes are to be made."
It's not clear exactly when the account deletion process will begin or how many users will be affected. The company claims to have located 'numerous accounts' that don't meet the baseline requirements, although no official estimated figures have been released. What is clear, the inactive account deletion process will take a significant amount of time to complete, it most definitely will not be a single sweeping action.
When Twitter does eventually get around to enforcing the inactivity policy, it's likely a number of usernames will free up as a result of inactive accounts being removed. This is one of potential positives to be found from this change, though it is also expected that follower numbers will drop as dormant accounts begin to disappear.
Scientists develop 3D holograms that you can see, hear and feel
WhatsApp: How to set a ringtone for each contact


How can you provide quality startup services if you haven't been there and done that? We've done that. We created MATR using our entire array of skills from Industrial Design & Branding to 3D visualisation.
MATR is the smartest nano-technology air purifier for your personal space that features a removable air tracker to improve your health. Helping people to make informed decisions to improve their environment. It's also smart home compatible… "Hey Alexa, how's my air quality been today?


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Lukáš Hušek (born 25 October 2000 in the Czech Republic) is a Czech footballer who plays as a defender for Sparta Prague B.

Career

In 2020, Hušek signed for Sparta Prague, the Czech Republic's most successful club, from Leicester City in the English Premier League.

References

External links

Czech footballers
Living people
Association football defenders
2000 births
Czech Republic youth international footballers
Sportspeople from Jablonec nad Nisou
AC Sparta Prague players
FK Pardubice players
FK Viktoria Žižkov players
Czech First League players
Czech National Football League players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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A&E Calendar
A&E > Entertainment
Fri., Dec. 9, 2005
The Spokesman-Review
Eminem, "Curtain Call"
Korn, "See You on the
Other Side"
Various artists, "Our New
Orleans: A Benefit Album
for the Gulf Coast"
Lindsay Lohan, "A Little
More Personal (Raw)"
Alanis Morissette, "The
Collection [Limited
Edition]"
The White Stripes,
"Walking with a Ghost
+ 4 Live Tracks"
Coming Tuesday
Bo Bice, "The Real Thing"
Madonna, "Confessions on
a Dance Floor"
Miles Davis, "Munich
Concert [Live]"
Billy Elliot, "Original Cast
Beck, "Guerolito"
Check out our catalog of mp3s from local musicians, including new ones from Seven Years Absence and Everstone, at spokane7.com/ music/mp3s.
On The Hangover, catch recordings of local shows BEAF and Big Wang Theory at spokane7.com/ music/shows.
Many music fans are looking for a way to honor the legacy of John Lennon this week. Need a suggestion? How about Dolly Parton covering "Imagine." www.cmt.com/artists/az/ parton–dolly/artist.jhtml
From the delusions of grandeur file: "I think my record is going to speak for itself to the Creed fans. I think it's going to be like when Sting left The Police."
– Scott Stapp, former lead singer of Creed, before an appearance on "The Tonight Show."
So you want to play guitar, but you're too lazy? No problem. Now, with virtual air guitar, you can become an instant rock star. Practice is so last-century and overrated. http://airguitar.tml.hut.fi/ media.html
Subscribe to the Spokane7 email newsletter
Get the day's top entertainment headlines delivered to your inbox every morning.
Local stroke survivor urges others to learn signs of stroke
At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, 65-year-old Spokane resident Gary Mortlock woke up in the middle of the night,


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Proračunske tablice su posebna vrsta programa koja služi za prikaz različitih podataka u tablicama i grafovima radi boljeg razumijevanja. Najpoznatiji predstavnici su Microsoft Excel, QuattroPro i Lotus 123.
Programska podrška


Nashville, TN (7/16/2018) – Held annually at the Grand Ole Opry House, the K-LOVE Fan Awards creates a unique fan experience that celebrates the powerful impact of Christian entertainment. With a rich history of gathering together the most engaging Christian artists and speakers, the producers of the 2018 awards ceremony decided to broadcast the show for the first time on the Trinity Broadcast Network. Requiring a trusted partner to lead the team behind the scenes, Go Live Productions was brought on board to oversee the show direction and production design, including an automated LED video design from Elite Multimedia Productions.
While envisioning the LED video design for 2018 K-LOVE Fan Awards, Moore was very familiar with the obstacles that lay ahead. Having previously worked in the space, he knew they would be able to use the house fly system to develop an expansive video system that would not only look great, but also give them the time needed to complete set changes.
With the video design ready for deployment, the team would have to work around the busy production schedule of the Opryhouse during load-in. Working in an iconic venue that operates throughout the year, the technical team was challenged not only to get it ready, but to also get it right.
As the load-in and programming drew to a close, it was now show time for the 2018 K-LOVE Fan Awards. Highlighted by performances featuring Casting Crowns, MercyMe, Chris Tomlin and Hillsong Worship, the three separate LED video systems would be a significant factor in the overall look and flow of the show.
Working in a live broadcast environment with many moving pieces, the intricacies of what happens behind the scenes is often unnoticed by those watching the show. Knowing how much effort goes into making the most challenging tasks seem simple, Moore was confident that he made the right choice with the team from Elite Multimedia Productions.


When you have any kind of problem with your AC unit, the first thing you probably do is check to see if you can fix it yourself. However, most people soon discover that fixing an AC unit without the help of a professional is not the best idea. At Comfort Air we understand that no one wants to spend his or her money on AC repair or maintenance. That's why we do things differently than the rest of the competition.
Comfort Air is a Vancouver WA AC contractor that puts our customers first. For starters, we won't charge you an hourly fee, and then take several hours to complete the job just to make sure we get a greater return. At Comfort Air we charge by the job. That means you will know the cost before we begin the work. That also means there won't be any surprise charges when we're done.
Second, at Comfort Air we stand by a code of ethics that puts integrity at the forefront of what we do. We promise to serve our customers to the best of our ability, while at the same time providing, cleaner, faster and better service for all of your AC needs. Click here to see all the services we provide.
If you're looking for a Vancouver WA AC Contractor you can trust, then contact Comfort Air at 360-891-2665. You can also reach us online by clicking here. If you want to learn more about our code of ethics then click here.


I'm needing to cover 1200 Sq ft how much do I need to get? How would I put it on??
The amount to treat 1200 square feet is 120 gallons. 1 gallon per 10 square feet. You will need to either spray by hand (very cumbersome) or use a hydraulic sprayer. You can probably rent one at any rental center. It just needs to be capable of sprayin liquids at around 3-5 gallons per minute.


*This post is brought to you by the Dollar Tree.
I love Spring and Easter and pastels and jelly beans and Easter crafts and peeps and I feel like I should break out into singing "These are a few of my favorite things" from The Sound of Music. Between the newness of spring time, the gorgeous colors and flowers galore, this season presents so many reasons to fall in love with it.
I'm a crafty gal who loves to entertain. But the crafts and the entertaining have to have one common trait – EASY. I don't do difficult. Because when difficult is thrown into the picture, I am not enjoyable to be around. So I present to you today some easy Easter crafts perfect for decorating for an Easter brunch!
I had so much fun creating several crafts to share with you today. This post is long, so bear with me! First up, an Easter table centerpiece. This craft requires no glue. Just scissors and a few minutes of your time.
I laid out several supplies and got to work. Here's what I started with, but didn't end up using everything pictured.
Step One: String plastic eggs onto string. The eggs already had holes in both sides so it was perfect and super easy.
Step Two: Cut burlap ribbon in half and tie pieces to the string in between the eggs.
Step Three: Take apart the curly ribbon and tie pieces in between burlap ribbon onto the string.
Step Four: Attach yellow flowers and blue butterflies to string. They had little wire pieces to curl around the ribbon to attach.
Voila! You are done. I put down a large piece of pink mesh ribbon in the center of the table and laid the Easter centerpiece on top. I think it turned out so cute and it's something completely original!
The next Easter craft I made was so simple I just couldn't believe it. Unfortunately I didn't get pictures of the process, but I can promise you, you don't need them!
I took this green pail and put a piece of craft foam on the bottom. I then stuck the eggs, which are attached to sticks (you can see them in my product picture from my table centerpiece) into the craft foam. Lastly, I filled the pail with paper Easter grass to cover the foam and for a festive look. It's another craft that required no glue and it took me 5 minutes to make.
The next item I made was a little Easter Candy Dish.
I took a clay pot and placed a mason jar inside. I then filled in around the mason jar with Reindeer moss. After that, I glued this cute little chicky on (well, after I played with it over and over again). Next up, fill the jar with speckled egg jelly beans.
I love making tissue paper flowers. They are so easy and they can turn a table, a party or a package into something really special.
Step One: For the larger flowers, I cut 10×10 inch square sheets of tissue paper. For the small flower, I did 5×5.
Step Two: Stack the sheets together and fold them in accordion style. Secure with a small piece of pipe cleaner or floral wire.
Step Three: Cut a round tip on each end of the tissue paper.
Step Four: Gently start to pull each layer of the tissue paper out to create the flower.
Step Five: Fluff as needed.
So there you have it! My easy Easter crafts for an Easter brunch. To set up my Easter brunch table, I set up the centerpiece with the mesh ribbon and Easter egg/ribbon centerpiece I made. Then I added the Easter Pail and Candy Dish. After that, I added simple white plates, silverware, cups and the tissue paper flowers.
Are you planning on hosting an Easter meal? Do you get crafty around Easter time? I hope these Easter crafts gave you some inspiration!
Stay tuned, because starting March 16th you can vote on my craft and be entered to win a $50 Dollar Tree gift card. I'll give you more details when the date arrives!


PETRONAS De Rooy IVECO Team leader Gerard de Rooy wins the fifth special and takes the overall lead, as bad weather in the mountains forces the Dakar organisation to cancel the second part of the stage.
Teammates Ton van Genugten and Wuf van Ginkel run into trouble and lose their positions.
Federico Villagra finishes sixteenth, 46m50s behind De Rooy.
A total of 438 kilometres were programmed in two different sections between Tupiza and Oruro. But heavy rain and hail led to the decision of stopping the race at the end of the first part of the special.
Gerard de Rooy, thanks to a faultless driving and a great performance of his Iveco Powerstar, managed to secure a very important win, with the race coming close to the midpoint. The Dutchman led from the start and remained in front of the Trucks category to close the day with a time of 2h39m12s, almost twelve minutes faster than Eduard Nikolaev with a Kamaz.
"In the first 100 kilometres we went through the mountains. It was very hard. At the beginning it was a bit dry, but then it started to rain. We had good grip and managed to get through perfectly in the navigation, while rivals got lost," stated Gerard de Rooy, who reached his 32nd stage win in Dakar Rallies.
With two consecutive wins, the Petronas Team De Rooy Iveco leader reached the top of the overall classification for the first time in 2017, despite losing half an hour two days ago due to tyre problems.
Ton van Genugten had trouble in the first part of the stage, as he got stuck in the mud due to the heavy rain. The Iveco Trakker #507 lost almost four hours to his teammate De Rooy, and his chances of getting in the Top 10 are now diminished, although there is more than half of the race ahead.
Wuf van Ginkel and his crew got lost in different parts of the special and helped his teammate Van Genugten, which made them lose a lot of time. They finished 3h57m26s behind the leader.
Van Ginkel and Van Genugten also received an additional two-hour penalty at the end of the stage.
Not the best day in the office for Federico Villagra, who was second overall yesterday. With another Iveco Powerstar, the Argentine lost 46m50s to De Rooy and fell back to sixth.
Stage 6 of 2017 Dakar Rally will link Oruro and La Paz, being the longest special of the race with 513 timed kilometres covering 4,400 metres above sea level in the middle of the stage.


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Saluda is at the top of a sudden rise of 1,000 feet from the plains below. The original name of this particular spot was "Pace's Gap" or "Pace's Ridge", presumably from the Ransom Pace family who inhabited the area. Had this name been retained, it would be exclusive in the States today. In studying the English-Cherokee vocabulary, we learn that the English word "Saluda" came from the Cherokee word "Tsaludiyi", meaning "green corn place". From legend, Tsaludiyi was a chief of the Cherokee nation, which once ranged from the NC mountain ranges to the SC flat country.
Many original Saluda families were Scotch-Irish pioneers who left Pennsylvania around the time of the "Whiskey Rebellion", which occurred in the early 1790's. John Poinsett built the first road over the Saluda Gap from the South, and in 1878 there were two houses standing in the corporate limits of present-day Saluda. A great change began with the completion of the Southern Railroad in 1878 when the first passenger train panted up the mountain and into Saluda on Independence Day of 1878. The Saluda Grade has a feature unmatched by any main line east of the Rockies- a grade that drops 600 ft. to the mile! Colonel Andrew Tanner, who supervised the convict labor that worked on the railroad and operated the first hotel "Mountain House" in Saluda, was elected the first Mayor of Saluda upon its incorporation in 1881. In 1887, the Southern considered Saluda the best paying station on the railroad. Eight passenger trains passed through Saluda daily, and over about 3,000 visitors came to Saluda that year.
Although the train no longer runs through Saluda and the daily whistles of the train's arrival at the crest of the Grade are missed immensely by locals, Saluda is still very much a railroad town. Talks of future passenger excursions up the Grade have the community abuzz with excitement of the prospect of the return of the train and visitors it brings to our wonderful town. Books and photos of the rich railroad history can be found at M.A. Pace General Store in downtown Saluda. There were no public schools in Saluda at the beginning of the century. The American Missionary Association established a young ladies seminary in 1889, and most of the buildings still stand as part of the current Saluda Elementary School complex. The hotel "Mountain Manor", which still stands behind the school as a private residence, was the girl's dormitory and the boys were housed at "Pace House" owned by Ransom Pace, which was located on Ransom Rd. before it was torn down. The "Infants and Children's Sanitarium" was founded and operated in 1914 by Dr. D. Lesesne Smith, who was also in charge of the Spartanburg Baby Hospital. From the clinics afforded by these two hospitals, the Southern Pediatric Seminar was born in 1921. Up until the death of Dr. Smith, leading pediatrists of the South volunteered their services to teach post-graduate courses in diagnoses, prevention, and treatment of disease in children. Except for one village in Italy, more ozone is released in the Saluda atmosphere than any other place in the world (US Govt. Report). Dr. Smith explained the Saluda air as air from the Pacolet Valley meeting currents from the Green River, which quickly drops unstabilizing gas over Saluda. Ozone must be taken on faith, but Saluda certainly has a clean, zestful air quality that remains uncontaminated by smokestacks and pollution.
Any way you look at it, Saluda is a great place to be - whether you live here through the winter snow or you just part-time for the mild summer season. We have managed to maintain small town charm while adapting with the changes that have occurred as time passes. So, enjoy your time here and relax for a bit in this truly Southern friendly town. And remember, as Charlie Ward always said, "If you're in a hurry in Saluda, you're in the wrong place".


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Vote for World's Best Expedition Cruise Line 2021
We are delighted to announce that we have been nominated for the World's Best Expedition Cruise Line 2021 award at the inaugural event of the World Cruise Awards
Ship: s/v Rembrandt van Rijn, m/v Plancius, m/v Ortelius, m/v Hondius, m/v Janssonius
Regions: Antarctica, Arctic
World's Best Expedition Cruise Line 2021
We are delighted to announce that we have been nominated for the World's Best Expedition Cruise Line 2021 award at the inaugural event of the World Cruise Awards.
Though introducing our guests to the wonders of the polar world is reward enough, it is always a pleasure when our teammates are recognized for their hard work and dedication.
Voting for the World Cruise Awards is open until August 31, 2021. Members of the public and professionals in the cruise industry can vote at the World Cruise Awards website.
Falkland Islands - South Georgia - Antarctica
Meet at least six penguin species
HDS28A23 This Falkland Islands, South Georgia, and Antarctic Peninsula cruise is an animal-lover's dream come true. The expedition explores one of the last untamed areas on Earth – a land of ruggedly beautiful landscapes and amazingly varied wildlife.
2 Feb - 20 Feb, 2023
Antarctica - Weddell Sea Explorer
Take an exploratory expedition through some of Antarctica's most wildlife-rich waters.
PLA29-23 The great Weddell Sea not only features massive tabular icebergs, wildly dramatic landscapes, and fascinating historical sites, but it is also one of the best places in Antarctica for viewing iconic wildlife like whales, seals and many other rarely seen...
m/v Plancius
Up to 14850 discount
Ross Sea | Incl. helicopters - Campbell Island - Macquarie Island - Polar Circle - Ross Sea - Peter I Island - Antarctic Peninsula
Experience some of the far south's most scenic locations on both sides of the antarctic circle, including Macquarie Island, Campbell Island, and Antarctica's seldom-visited Ross Sea, which we plan to explore with helicopters
OTL28-23 Sail to the southern parts of the Antarctic Peninsula, Peter I Island, the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas into the Ross Sea. Visiting the Ross Ice-shelf, Dry Valleys, McMurdo Station, Macquarie Island, Campbell Island and the historic huts of Scott...
Antarctica - 'Basecamp'- free camping, kayaking, snowshoe/hiking, mountaineering, photo workshop
HDS29-23 The Antarctic Peninsula Basecamp cruise offers you a myriad of ways to explore and enjoy the Antarctic Region. This expedition allows you to hike, snowshoe, kayak, go mountaineering, and even camp out under the Southern Polar skies.
20 Feb - 4 Mar, 2023
Whales, Penguins, and Golden Landscapes
PLA30-23 February and early March are the best times to delight in the most incredible densities of whale aggregations gorging on swarms of krill, take full advantage of warm, golden light for landscape photography, and watch penguin chicks chase parents for...
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3 level split home in a quiet cul-de-sac!! 3 bedrooms up, 1 den and recroom down, 2 bathrooms. Updates features newer vinyl double glazed windows, furnace serviced, kitchen cabinets, insulation, carpeting/flooring. Private backyard, covered patio, washroom, roof, paint, blinds, counter tops, and new washer/dryer. Perfect to raise your family in a safe and quiet area. Walking distance to middle and high school, easy freeway access. No smoking. No Pets.


Italian and French breads, typically, do not have any eggs in their ingredients.These breads are white with a crisp-crust and have a light texture and tend to be dry. Egg breads, on the other hand, have a moist and somewhat dense interior with a yellow hue.
Egg bread dough is often made into holiday sweet breads, Hawaiian breads and sweet rolls. When made into Classic Egg Bread, slices of this loaf are wonderful companioned with honey or butter. I also love egg bread served with a hot bowl of chili or soup, toasted for a BLT or saved back for a day or two to make a delicious French toast.
(I allow this bread to rise more than double to insure an even, lighter texture).
Place all ingredients in a bread machine in the order suggested by the manufacturer. Select dough cycle for best results. After cycle is finished, remove dough and roll out on a floured board. Roll dough to form a loaf. Place into a greased loaf pan. Cover and let dough to rise in a warm place until doubled in size. Bake bread in a preheated 375 degree oven for 25-30 minutes until done. Bread may be tented with foil if top browns too quickly. Remove pan from oven and carefully release bread onto a wire rack. Stand upright to cool. Slice and enjoy.
214. Fruit-Cake Bread, Better than Good!


Rather than try to control the conversation as it happens, agree the process which the conversation will follow.
Tell them what you and they will discuss and do, both individually and together. Talk about the outcome and how it will be achieved.
Tell them the timescales in which things will occur, both as a sequence of events and also overall timescales.
A neat trick that is sometimes effective is to put your watch on the table in front of you. It says "I'm taking this time commitment to seriously." And by association, it says I'm taking you seriously too.
You can check that they agree with the process. They then will not be able to object to it later.
If they go off the beaten track at any time, you can simply remind them of the process and bring them back onto the highway that leads to your desired destination.
Right. If we both say where we want to go, then we can discuss this to agree on the best destination. After that, I can find a way of getting us there. Is that ok?
Let's take a few minutes to agree first how we go about this. If you know what is required, then we can get it written up and reviewed by Sandy this morning. Then we can show it to Will tomorrow.
Shall I pay or do you want to discuss it?
Talking about what you want to achieve and something of the process puts you in charge. If you own the process, it means you are laying the road for the conversation ahead. You can then happily put them in what appears to be the 'driving seat'.
Checking that they are ready to proceed legitimizes your process and hands you the baton. It is also an easy closed question which gets them saying yes and hence into a positive frame of mind.


Eldrar Fathyron is a Dunmer merchant located in the Canalworks in Vivec Telvanni Canton. His merchandise are slaves.
He wears a bonemold cuirass with matching pauldrons and boots and a common shirt with matching pants. He carries a steel frostsword, a few keys that can free some nearby slaves (see notes). Aside from his natural resistance to fire and the sanctuary provided by his ancestors, he knows no spells.
When asked about latest rumors, he will tell you: "The Bemis gang has taken up in the tombs somewhere under Vivec. I hope the guards catch them soon."
Eldrar Fathyron holds a key that can be used to free the nearby slaves Dro'Qanar, El-Lurasha, Inerri, Mim-Jeen and Wud-Neeus.
This page was last modified on 26 March 2015, at 12:28.


I was talking with a coworker who had a particular design problem. Her network jack was embedded in a counter and the cable ran all the way across a built-in drawer to her desk and would frequently get jammed in the drawer. I suggested to her to talk to the Facilities guys to get some sort of cable management installed (as that's not my bailiwick) but I knew that the problem would persist into the future. I also thought there was little place to install anything that required a drilled hole, as there was AC conduit and such in the area. Then I had an inspiration: the network jack had been installed in a flat steel conduit. And I had a lot of hard drive magnets. So a little hot glue, some adhesive cable holders (that never really held very well), and I've got a solution! And now I'm making a bunch more for better cable management in my server room. I stuck a paper sticker on the magnet side to help prevent some of the surface marring these magnets can produce; a felt would probably be a better material.
My long-suffering Geiger counter is now back up and running.
Now, as has been pointed out, this particular instance of this experiment is really an experiment, and is run only by me, for only experimental purposes. It doesn't represent any opinion or endorsement or opinion of any entity, whether the University of Chicago Library or the University or anything else. It is not a service. It represents nothing, is not calibrated, and should not be relied upon by anyone for anything. Don't email or call anyone but myself about it.
This instance is located in my office on the A-level of the Regenstein Library, the first basement level of a six-story building. The levels average about 8 microrads/hr here. Outside at Ryerson Physical Laboratory on the fifth floor, levels average to about 12 microrads/hr, which indicate the shielding provided by the Regenstein against the cosmic ray flux.
The problem I've been having with this counter was with the associated AW-SRAD software, which runs under DOS, doesn't appear to support virtual COM ports above COM4. On my Windows XP PC I had installed an Arduino which offered a similar USB Serial converter and I theorize at some point there was a conflict and the Geiger counter with its FTDI USB to serial converter took a high COM port at COM5. After removing the Arduino, I then disabled the real serial port at COM1 and forced via Device Manager->Ports->USB Serial Ports the port to go to COM1.
I've hesitated to comment much on the ongoing Japanese tragedy, but I wish to talk a little about the output coming out from the reactor whenever they open the valves to reduce the pressure inside. In commerical nuclear reactors not using heavy-water for their coolant (aka most non-Canadian western reactors) the pure water coolant is exposed to the intense neutron flux as it passes through the reactor. The neutrons can interact with the oxygen nuclei in the water to form nitrogen-16, a very short lived radioisotope with a half-life of seven seconds. After a few minutes away from the core there is none of it left so the only hazard is near the output pipe, and there are places they store the output for just a little while to let all of the N-16 to decay back into oxygen-16.
The other common isotope coming out is tritium coming from the small amount of deuterium in normal water, leaking through the fuel rod cladding, and other spalling type nuclear reactions in the materials in the core. The tritium is a low radioactive hazard but has a 12-year half-life.
If the reactor is hot, water will decompose into hydrogen and oxygen, especially with the right catalysts.
So if you were to open the output valve on a reactor to relive the steam pressure inside (because the regular cooling is not working), you would get quite a bit of that nitrogen-16. It would be gone by the time a few minutes of wind-time, but it is quite the hazard to the plant. I wonder how much of the periodic bursts of site limit radioactivity is related to that.
The introduction of seawater into the cores introduces the possibility of neutron activation of a number of other elements (sodium, chlorine, etc.) into radioactive isotopes that last longer and can have more of an issue in life time and clean up.
None of this discussion is about the breaking or melting of the cladding and detection of fission products (like what you see when checking people on their clothing for particles), which seems to have occurred in some fashion.
A good primer on what might be going on, without hysteria is over at MIT.
Two years I made an audio stereo isolation transformer, suitable for getting rid of ground loop problems in a line-level audio connection. Here's a simple circuit diagram that attempts to match the colors of the physical device.


Is managing your seasonal business like a rollercoaster? We can help!
Get the most out of your seasonal business!
A well-known challenge that businesses face is navigating seasonal fluctuations in their business or their industry. The key to navigating these fluctuations successfully is to understand your peaks and troughs and then plan for how to manage the seasonal dips. By analysing the trends and data from prior years, you can understand what to expect in the future. No one can prepare for every possible contingency, but with good planning you can ride out the fluctuations with as little disruption to the business as possible.
Using the above analysis, build a plan for how the business will manage the peaks and troughs of the business cycle. Look ahead at least 12 months to plan appropriately. Planning should incorporate projected sales and expenses and will allow you to manage cash flow throughout the year and incorporate a buffer for unexpected or emergency expenses.
Take advantage of a slow period to complete required maintenance as well as performing marketing and employee training in preparation for your busier periods. This will require careful planning to prepare for the expenditure during the quiet period.
In slower times it is a great opportunity to maintain contact with your customers. Strengthening relationships with repeat customers can help ensure they return to your business. It is also the perfect time to focus on prospective customers in preparation for your peak season.
Launching an alternative product or activity during your quiet period can generate much-needed revenue and strengthen your cash flow position for the period. However, it's important that this secondary source of revenue doesn't cause your primary product to be neglected.
Slower periods may be an ideal time to hire staff to ensure they are fully-trained and effective prior to your peak season. Alternatively, review the mix of employees you have throughout the year, would your business be better utilising short term contracts to match your business' seasonality.
Review the stock required to get through your quiet period by comparing current stock levels against prior years and adjusting as required. You want to ensure you are holding enough stock to meet customer demands without over-allocating resources which may result in a reduced profit margin or hurting your cashflow further in a period that may already be difficult.
Does your finance structure meet your business' seasonal needs? Make sure your loans and working capital requirements are structured for your business and your financier understands the seasonality of your business. This can help your cashflow during the year and may reduce the cost of your annual finance if it is properly tailored for your business.
Seasonality affects nearly every business, with few exceptions. But building seasonality into the business plan will go far in ensuring success. At Accru Melbourne, we can assist you in understanding the key drivers of your business and work with you to successful future for your business.
Do you have a seasonal business and need advice? If you'd like to discuss the opportunities for your business, please contact one of our Advisory Specialists, complete your details below and we'll be in touch or give us a call on 03 9835 8200.
Kelda prides herself on the trusted relationships she has developed with her clients. From a young age, Kelda was exposed to the running, obligations and disruptions of a business through assisting within her own family's company. This experience has inspired her to work with other businesses along their journey and provide advice that not only assists them to meet their business goals but also focuses on the personal goals for her clients and their family.


Immaculately spacious 3 bedroom home ! when you enter the beautiful sun light enters to expansive sliding glass doors allow the sun to roar thru to the front entrance. A giant living area is appointed with a gas beehive fireplace for those chilly evenings. The large rectangular kitchen is appointed with sparkling multi colored ebony granite, You will have a cozy eat in kitchen, with a more formal dining room located right off of the kitchen. The master suite is over sized with dual closets. Guest bed and bath are ready for Your guests. the Third Bedroom is more in mind for office space, Den or a fitness room perhaps. There is a rear patio is partially covered with a beautiful pergola to provide shade in the afternoon. There is a 5 acre wildlife park off the rear patio.


So many happened in just one week.
Wanted to head to Bird Park but kept cancelling our plans.
At this rate I doubt we can ever go.
Photoshoot with Nat on Wed.
So glad to be of some help to her.
Hopefully everything is going as smoothly on her side like how I hoped.
I like the following pictures!
Has been quite manageable so far.
Prolly I have just started.
But frankly looking at my schedule from next week onwards I guess I might just die of fatigue.
Okay luh not that bad I'm just exaggerating.
Really thankful for a friend like you.
Just a random picture to share hehe.
I was so hooked up into The Sims Freeplay recently.
Made two of my "friends" inside it have a little nap together on the sofa.


I previously posted this in the wrong location as I just discovered this section. Hoping someone can shed some light on this for me. I'm using tuner pro RT. When I attempt to use the CBAZA20180209.XDF file my timing table values are doubled. I've tried with a fresh J4J1.BIN and the T4M2.BIN. When I try to view the header values the file is password protected. Am I stuck using the XDF file on the tunerpro website or am I just screwing something up? I have tunerpro RT installed and setup per the tutorial. Also, all parameters return to normal values when I load the old CBAZA XDF file from the tunerpro website.
hey u ever figured out what was going on?


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The Dunedin Project 2020
Our 2019 - 2020 season culminates in The Dunedin Project a collection of events and happenings that celebrate our city, past, present and future
Got a creative idea inspired by Dunedin? The Dunedin Project is a work in progress that will be shaped by our interactions over the next 18 months. Get in touch with your ideas, interests and daydreams...
Part 1- The Flicks : Remembering Dunedin's Picture Palaces
Dunedin Cinema Past & Future
We are collecting stories and memories of Dunedin Cinema heritage, and exploring how our social connection to the screen has changed over time. Working with Dunedin Public Libraries and other partners, we are developing ideas inspired by the Picture Palaces in our history, that now exist only in our hearts and minds...
To share your stories email [email protected] with the subject 'The Flicks...'
Or fill in one of the postcards at your local Dunedin Public Library
*** Due to interest, we have removed the closure date for responses. So please feel free to get in touch!
Part 2 - Party with the Aunties
Celebrations and Singalongs
What makes a Party? What makes a family? How do we know ourselves and our place in the world, through shared music and fun times? .... (Is it really a party if there's no guitar?)
From Māori show bands, to the 'Dunedin Sound', to modern home recording release, how do you connect to your place, through music?
See our events page for information on activities and opportunities...
Part 3 -The End of the Golden Weather
Our beach : Our Selves
Taking inspiration from Bruce Mason's iconic text and themes of growing up on the beach, we are exploring our relationship to the shoreline and sea.
What is it to be islanders in the mightiest ocean of the world? How we can inspire love and care for our environment? When are we going to grow up?
Wow! are seeking collaborators working in the area of arts practise with an environmental focus, sustainability, and change education, to engage our communities in the space of The End of the Golden Weather, throughout the season.
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