The Alutiiq Museum and Archaeological Reposity website not only serves as a resource for happenings at the Alutiiq Museum but also shares a wealth of historical, archaeological, and educational resources at the click of a mouse. Click on the link above to visit the Museum's website.
Alutiiq education is designed to serve as a clearinghouse of Kodiak Alutiiq educational resourses. By clicking on the resources tab on the homepage, users are able to search a curriculum database. Click on the link above to begin discovering resources through Alutiiq Education.
Qulianguanek Litnauwilita is a unit of lessons created by Candace Branson, in collaboration with many Kodiak community members. The unit was developed to teach Alutiiq to youth in a high school setting. Click on the link above for more information about the unit.
The online archives is curated and cared for by the Alutiiq Museum and Archaeolgocial Resposity, and aims to bring archival resources out of the collections room, and into the homes and ears of Museum patrons. Click on the link above to begin exploring recordings dating back to the 1950s.
Not sure how to search the archive? Click here to watch a short tutorial on using the resource.
Alutiiq language speakers on Vimeo page has everything from songs, speaker biographies, short skits, and tutorials on how to use other language resources from other organizations.
If you are interested in learning how to sing and dance, this is the Vimeo channel for you. Peter Squartsoff of Port Lions preforms a variety of traditional and modern Alutiiq songs. The videos play similar to a karaoke video, where the words are displayed at the bottom of the screen so the viewer is able to follow along as the song progresses.
The Alaska Native Language Archive documents all Alaska Native languages to preserve Alaska's unique linguistic heritage for future generations. The collection includes both published and unpublished resources in Alutiiq (Sug'piaq) along with other Alaska Native languages.


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Section 3903.721 | Valuation of reserves.
(A)(1) The superintendent shall annually value, or cause to be valued, the reserve liabilities, referred to as reserves, for all outstanding life insurance policies and annuity and pure endowment contracts of every life insurance company doing business in this state issued prior to the operative date of the valuation manual.
In calculating reserves, the superintendent may use group methods and approximate averages for fractions of a year or otherwise. The valuation of the reserves of a company organized under the laws of a foreign government shall be limited to its United States business.
In lieu of the valuation of the reserves required of a foreign or alien company, the superintendent may accept a valuation made, or caused to be made, by the insurance supervisory official of any state or other jurisdiction when the valuation complies with the minimum standard provided in sections 3903.72 to 3903.7211 of the Revised Code.
(2) The provisions set forth in sections 3903.723, 3903.724, 3903.725, and 3903.727 of the Revised Code shall apply to all policies and contracts, as appropriate, issued on or after January 1, 1989, and prior to the operative date of the valuation manual. The provisions set forth in sections 3903.726, 3903.728, and 3903.729 of the Revised Code shall not apply to any such policies and contracts.
(3) The minimum standard for the valuation of policies and contracts issued prior to January 1, 1989, shall be that provided by the laws in effect immediately prior to that date.
(B)(1) For all outstanding life insurance contracts, annuity and pure endowment contracts, deposit-type contracts, and accident and health contracts of every company issued on or after the operative date of the valuation manual, the superintendent shall annually value, or cause to be valued, the reserve liabilities for such contracts according to sections 3903.727, 3903.728, and 3903.729 of the Revised Code. The valuation of the reserves of a company organized under the laws of a foreign government shall be limited to its United States business.
(2) The provisions set forth in sections 3903.728 and 3903.729 of the Revised Code shall apply to all policies and contracts issued on or after the operative date of the valuation manual.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Building upon Annenberg's record of innovation in journalism education, the B.A. in Journalism offers a forward-thinking curriculum that encourages students to embrace technology, assess it critically, and employ it in the service of powerful and effective journalism. Team-taught courses leverage faculty expertise in video, audio, text and digital journalism to help students establish their reporting and writing expertise across multiple platforms. Through a newly integrated Media Center experience, students will acquire the editing, production and digital storytelling skills to produce journalism across a range of media. At the conclusion of the degree program, students will produce digital portfolios and personal websites featuring their best work at the school.
Students are required to complete 44 units for the major, including 32 units of the following required core courses.
ASCJ 200 – Navigating Media and News in the Digital Age (4 units)
JOUR 201 – Culture of Journalism: Past, Present and Future (4 units)
JOUR 206 – Reporting and Writing Practicum (2 units required)
JOUR 207 – Reporting and Writing I (3 units)
JOUR 307 – Reporting and Writing II (3 units)
JOUR 320 – Introduction to Coding for Storytelling (2 units)
JOUR 321 – Visual Journalism (2 units)
JOUR 322 – Data Journalism (2 units)
JOUR 323 – Journalism and the Audience (2 units)
JOUR 372 – Engaging Diverse Communities (2 units)
JOUR 414 – Advanced Digital Media Storytelling (2 units)
JOUR 462 – Law of Mass Communication (4 units)
Please go to the bottom of the page for a description of the required courses.
The curriculum offers an opportunity to add deeper, more specialized media experience through the selection of electives, including app development, virtual reality journalism and native content for social media.
Students have the opportunity to take 12 units of upper division electives from the following:
JOUR 310 Investigative Reporting (4) Reportorial and analytical skills and techniques required for portraying and evaluating contemporary newsworthy events; lectures, discussions. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 311 Multi-Platform Editing (4) Copyediting, headline writing, Search Engine Optimization and other production skills for preparation of content across platforms. Social responsibility and ethical framework also components of this course. Prerequisite: JOUR 307 and JOUR 320.
JOUR 330 Photojournalism (4) Emphasis on fundamental skills necessary for photojournalism including camera techniques, story ideas and digital darkroom.
JOUR 350 Introduction to Sports Media (4) Highlight norms, routines of content, including print, broadcast, video. Focus on opportunities, constraints posed by roles of reporters, fans, players, publicists, agents, leagues, teams.
JOUR 371 Censorship and the Law: From the Press to Cyberspace (4) (Enroll in COMM 371)
JOUR 373 Journalism Ethics Goes to the Movies(4) Ethical issues facing journalists in the complex world of legacy media, social media and the Internet as dramatized in the movies and in the newsroom.
JOUR 375 The Image of the Journalist in Popular Culture (4) The impact of conflicting images of reporters in movies and television on the American public's perception of newsgatherers in the 20th century. A decade-by-decade evaluation.
JOUR 380 Sports, Business and Media in Today's Society (4) An inside look at the symbiotic relationship of sports and the media — from the interdependence of sports and media, to the coverage of sports in newspapers, magazines, radio and television. The economic and ethical issues involved, the conflicts of interest, the history and current status of sports coverage in American media today.
JOUR 381 Entertainment, Business and Media in Today's Society (4) An examination of the symbiotic relationship of the entertainment business and the media; press coverage of the entertainment industry; Hollywood's relationship with news media.
JOUR 400 Interpretive Writing (4) Weekly assignments in the shorter forms of newspaper and magazine writing: essays, reviews, editorials, opinion-page articles, profiles; analyses of major 20th century journalists. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 401 Multiplatform Editing for Digital Audiences (6) Breaking news and real-time editing for digital audiences across platforms, including homepage, social media and mobile. Introduction to analytics for website and social media.
JOUR 402 Advanced Television Reporting (6) Role of the broadcast journalism reporter; similarities and differences between print and electronic media; application of audio-video equipment; analysis and practical experience. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 403 Television News Production (6) Production of television news programs; preparation and treatment of form and content; procedures, problems, and practice in planning and producing broadcast news materials. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 404 Produce and Host Sports Content in Studio A (2) Interview, present and design sports segments for television/video in Studio A.
JOUR 405 Non-Fiction Television (4) Presentation and selection in non-fiction television programs including documentaries, electronic magazines and news series; ethical problems, field research, reporting, interviewing, pre-production. Prerequisite: JOUR 307 and JOUR 320.
JOUR 406 Social Media Storytelling for Latino Audiences (2) Create native journalistic content for current social media and emerging platforms with an emphasis on engaging content for Latino audiences and underrepresented communities.
JOUR 409 Radio Storytelling and Podcasts (4) Learn techniques for audio journalism, an increasingly popular and growing field. This course covers the effective use of sound, the art of the interview, writing for the ear and how to craft stories that people want to listen to. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 410 Radio Documentary (4) In-depth reporting for public radio news: writing, editing, advanced vocal delivery. Production of long-form radio features and short documentaries. Prerequisite: JOUR 409.
JOUR 420 Advanced Photojournalism (4) Emphasis on advanced photojournalism techniques for complex photo storytelling; focus on style, content, design, expression and ethics. Prerequisite: JOUR 330.
JOUR 425 Advanced Radio News Production (4) Production of public radio news: producing real-time newscasts for Annenberg Radio News. Newsgathering, assigning stories, anchoring, interviewing, working with reporters, editing and producing live programming. Prerequisite: JOUR 409.
JOUR 430 Writing the Film Review (4) Techniques of writing the film review; preparation and treatment of form and content; problems, responsibilities and ethics of film reviewing.
JOUR 431 Feature Writing (4) Techniques of writing newspaper feature stories, including the profile, the light feature, the news feature, the in-depth story; the art of narrative writing. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 432 Sports Commentary (4) Techniques of reporting and writing sports columns and commentary for print, video, radio and Web-based media.
JOUR 433 Writing About Science (4) Techniques of writing about science, including news, profiles, features and commentary. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 435 Writing Magazine Non-Fiction (4) A seminar in "how to" interview, research, write — and place — professional quality articles for a full range of magazines/newspapers including women's, sports, ethnic, local and national. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 440 Environmental Journalism (4) Techniques of reporting and writing about the environment. Includes both theory and practice needed for reporters specializing in this area of journalism. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 441 Sports Reporting (2) News and feature coverage of sporting events, including social and economic factors influencing sports in America.
JOUR 443 Business Reporting (2) Techniques of reporting and writing about business, economics and finance. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 444 Reporting on Religion (4) Provides print, online and broadcast journalists with basic tools for reporting on the religion angle of news stories. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 446 Entertainment Reporting (2) Techniques of reporting and writing about the entertainment business, economics and finances. Analysis of the skills and background needed for reporters specializing in this area of the news.
JOUR 447 Arts Reporting (2) Techniques of reporting and writing about the arts, including television, film, theatre, music, graphic arts, architecture and design.
JOUR 448 Government and Public Affairs Reporting (4) Techniques for covering beats that are the foundation of daily newspaper reporting, including crime, education, immigration and local government. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 449 Reporting Los Angeles (2) Specialized reporting class focused on Los Angeles that requires intensive fieldwork in the neighborhoods, ethnic communities, and/or among local institutions. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 458 Media, Food and Culture (4) Analyzes the ways media tell the story of our food and examines the critical issues surrounding what we eat.
JOUR 459 Fact and Fiction: From Journalism to the Docudrama (4) Historical, legal and ethical limitations to the misrepresentation of fact. Includes print and broadcast journalism, books, theatre, cinema and new technology.
JOUR 460 Social Responsibility of the News Media (4) News media as instruments of constructive social change; standards of ethics and aesthetics; interactions between news media and cultural settings; social responsibility of news media personnel.
JOUR 465m Latino News Media in the United States (4) History and growing importance of Latino print and broadcast news media in covering immigration, discrimination, culture, social differences and other aspects of U.S. Latino life.
JOUR 466m People of Color and the News Media (4) Reporting and portrayal of people of color in the United States; impact of racial diversity on media, employment and access, and development of media for individuals and communities of color. Open to non-majors.
JOUR 467 Gender and the News Media (4) Gender and news media evolving images of women and men in print and electronic media. Impact of gender in content and style of news, television and cinema. Open to non-majors.
JOUR 468m The American Press and Issues of Sexual Diversity (4) Examines how news media reflect and affect perception of gay/lesbian issues; provides historical-contemporary context; arms students to bypass rhetoric and knowledgeably evaluate facts.
JOUR 469 Money, Markets and Media (4) Practical approach to understanding and writing about economic concepts through current events, case studies and historical examples.
JOUR 470 Community Journalism (2) Survey of how local journalism functions in a community. Students work as editors/mentors to high school students, writing for school newspaper and other media. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 471 Advanced Multimedia Storytelling (2) Students create and manage advanced online story packages with multiple digital elements including text, visuals (videos, photos, graphics, etc.), audio, interactivity and navigation. Recommended preparation: JOUR 309.
JOUR 472 Strategies for Monetizing New Media (4) Learn strategies for how content creates value in a shifting media landscape. Work with a real client to create a sustainable media business model.
JOUR 474 Interviewing and Profile Writing (2) Techniques of, and intensive application in researching and writing interviews and profiles for newspapers and magazines. Prerequisite: JOUR 307.
JOUR 475 Print and Digital Design for 21st Century Storytelling (4) Art, typography, and other graphic elements in publication design; traditional, contemporary, and advanced production methods, processes, and equipment; representative examples; practice in design.
JOUR 476 Reporting Urban Affairs (4) Examination of U.S. urban issues with an eye toward history for context; study of emerging 21st century solutions for urban communities.
JOUR 477 Web Analytics for News and Nonprofit Organizations (2) Introduction to using Web traffic and other audience behavior data to manage Websites and social media for news and nonprofit organizations.
JOUR 478 Politics of Sports Writing (4) Critical examination of different styles of sports writing. Focus on the social context of sports writing and the relationship between sports and politics.
JOUR 479 Storytelling for Action Sports (4) Learn how to cover action sports with cutting-edge technology. In-class lectures and industry guest speakers focus on topics such as gender, race and history.
JOUR 480 Sports and Media Technology (4) Examine and analyze the ever-changing technology sector of the sports business and sports media world. Identify emerging technologies being developed in the sports industry and how they are being utilized to enhance the fan experience.
JOUR 481 The Athlete, Sports Media and Popular Culture (4) Analysis of the images of the athlete and sports media helps us understand how sports dramatically affects such social issues as race, class and gender.
JOUR 482 Comparative Media in Europe (4) Examines print, broadcast and public relations media and their interactive roles in multi-national and supra-national settings at sites in both Western and Eastern Europe.
JOUR 483 Negotiating and Reporting Global Change (4) In-depth multimedia reporting on social, economic and political processes of global impact; combining intense fieldwork and specialized background knowledge.
JOUR 484 American Religion, Foreign Policy and the News Media (4) Exploration of the influence of American religion on foreign policy from Colonial Era to present; how the news media, reporting on international stories, shapes public opinion.
JOUR 490x Directed Research (1–8, max 12) Individual research and readings. Not available for graduate credit.
JOUR 492 Advanced Coding for Storytelling (2) Focuses on advanced coding techniques for the creation of dynamic, interactive, multimedia and data-driven news stories on the web.
JOUR 493 Comics and Graphic Storytelling (4) Focus on comics as a medium to tell a broad range of stories and speak to diverse kinds of audiences. Develop a core vocabulary for thinking about comics as a medium and analyze how artists have drawn on that vocabulary in a range of contexts.
JOUR 494 Python Coding for Data Journalism (2) Python coding language to gather, parse and analyze data for investigative news reporting.
JOUR 495 Journalism for Mobile and Emerging Platforms (2) Create video, audio and graphic news and information using mobile and emerging technology, such as phones, tablets and laptops, for non-broadcast platforms; understand ethical and legal issues related to journalists working on mobile and emerging platforms.
JOUR 496 Interactive Media Design for Publishing (4) Design, test and distribute engaging news and publishing apps. Learn concepts of interactive design, color, type, UX, and more for digital mobile/tablet platforms.
JOUR 497 Data Visualization and Interactive Tools (2) Present your data in tables, charts, graphs, maps, and complex multimedia pieces using readily available interactive tools.
JOUR 498 Honors Seminar (2) Intensive study of a subject of contemporary relevance or of professional importance to journalists. Prerequisite: admission to Honors Program.
JOUR 499 Special Topics (2–4, max 8) Selected topics in journalism.
PR 340 Introduction to Advertising (4) History and development of advertising; basic advertising campaigns showing relationships of marketing, creative, print and electronic media.
PR 341 Advertising Copywriting (4) Writing and editing for advertising and commercial copy for all media. Prerequisite: JOUR 340.
PR 342 Advertising Media and Analysis (4) Selling, planning, buying for the media; advertising's relationship to society and business; media choice. Prerequisite: JOUR 340.
PR 343 Advertising Design and Production (4) Production of advertising materials; emphasis on the creation and design of advertising elements. Prerequisite: JOUR 340.
PR 410 London Calling: Public Relations in the UK Hub (4) Examines how politics affects and influences public relations campaigns in the UK and Europe.
PR 444 Lifestyle Public Relations (4) An extensive overview of the Lifestyle Public Relations category with special emphasis on social media, non-traditional influencers and audience segmentation.
PR 451 Promotional Public Relations (4) Principles and practices of public relations as a basic component in the promotion and marketing of goods and services; regulatory considerations; consumerism.
PR 452 Public Relations in Entertainment (4) Public relations in the design, promotion, and presentation of popular entertainment, including films, broadcasting, music, expositions, amusement parks, resorts and arenas.
PR 453 Public Relations Strategies for Working with Athletes (4) Sports Public Relations isn't only getting press for a team or player; it's managing communications among influencers. Complements overview course giving students advanced look at practitioners' role with professional athletes.
PR 454 Sports Public Relations (2) Introduction to the field of sports information and promotion, including lectures, media assignments, role-playing, and presentations by sports professionals.
PR 455 Public Relations for Non-Profit Organizations (4) Introduction to the specialized field of public relations for non-profit and non-governmental organizations; emphasis on case studies, strategic and critical thinking, and campaign development.
PR 456 Public Relations for Diverse Audiences (4) Researching, planning, executing and evaluating communications campaigns aimed at audiences segmented by culture, lifestyle and other factors. Prerequisite: JOUR 250.
PR 457 The Role of Celebrity in Public Relations (4) Understanding of the history and application of celebrity in public relations, focusing on the entertainment industry and the notoriety attached to politics and the media.
PR 458 Public Relations in Politics and Political Campaigns (4) Application of public relations principles to the context of political campaigns; emphasis on message development and delivery; relationship between candidate, news media, and electorate.
PR 473 Emerging Media Strategies for Communication and Public Relations (4) In-depth, hands-on study of emerging tradigital, social and owned media channels; Emphasis on the evaluation of such media as effective tools for audience engagement. Open only to juniors and seniors in the School for Communication and Journalism.
PR 477 Strategic Netnography for Digital Communication Insights (4) Provides deep understanding and hands-on experience in the strategic application of netnography, or digital anthropology, to contemporary public relations and communication fields.
PR 478 Social Media Analytics: Data and Content Creation for Real-time Public Relations (4) Application of monitoring tools to become social media analysts and real-time content creators; interpretation of large data sets drawn from the social web; understanding of how to present data visually for optimal impact.
PR 481 Careers and Strategies in Health Communication (4) Understanding of the dynamic, changing world of U.S. healthcare; knowledge of healthcare audiences and how to reach them; creating effective strategic communications initiatives.
PR 485 Multimedia PR Content: Digital/Social Media Lab (2) Hands-on lab; Web and new social distribution platforms; development and management of online content and personal brands; social media trends and applications.
PR 486 Multimedia PR Content: Introduction to Digital Design Tools (2) Hands-on lab; producing multimedia content; basic principles of design; tools and techniques to create digital images and layouts.
PR 487 Multimedia PR Content: Introduction to Audio/Video Tools (2) Hands-on lab; audio/video tools for conceiving, shooting, editing, delivering and archiving compelling stories for online audiences; personal brand building; digital storytelling trends and applications.
PR 488 Multimedia PR Content: Visual Communication of Information (2) Overview of tools and techniques available to convey messages and experiences; exploration into graphic design, visual branding, design methods and processes.
PR 491 Transmedia, New Media and Strategic Public Relations (4) Study of the new rules of message development and dissemination in strategic communication and marketing: Participatory Culture, Transmedia Branding, Spreadable Media, and Crowdsourcing. Open only to seniors and master students in public relations and strategic public relations.
PR 492 Personal Branding (4) Learn to build, promote and manage a personal brand through critical analysis, case study, interactive interpretation and creative problem solving.
PR 499 Special Topics (2–4, max 8) Selected topics in public relations.
Electives may also be concentrated in areas of study such as:
Broadcast and Digital Video Journalism
Digital, Mobile and Emerging Technologies
Description of Required Courses
ASCJ 200 - Navigating Media and News in the Digital Age (4)
This interdisciplinary cross-school course is designed to engage students as discriminating media and news consumers and contributors at a time when the digital revolution is spawning an unprecedented daily flood of content. This media environment is evolving rapidly, creating a new set of powerful players. The influence these players possess and implications of their reach are often poorly understood and unquestioned. The mark of a well-educated person in the 21st century is the ability to critically navigate this contested and integrated terrain: to understand, employ, enjoy and help build and shape the media landscape we now inhabit. Only by understanding our own roles as consumers and producers of media can we begin to make sense of the environment around us. The health of our democracy depends on enlightened and engaged citizens who can critically analyze the range of information and content disseminated from an equally wide range of sources and platforms. The course will examine new avenues of civic participation and the critical importance of ethical standards in communicating messages. Students will learn how to apply their critical-thinking and analytic skills to a range of media and news production and consumption. The critical thinking skills developed in this course will be applicable to many fields of study, from science to the arts.
JOUR 201 - Culture of Journalism: Past, Present and Future (4)
Students in this course will reconnoiter the past to understand previous moments of change. They'll explore the present to map current trajectories. And, they'll examine some of the most transformative new developments to inform a debate about what might lie ahead. This course attempts to view the revolution in journalism from the inside, from the perspective of journalists who are in the eye of the storm. At the start of the semester and at select moments thereafter students will assume the guise of the journalistic producer, although the course does not attempt to teach the skills of journalistic production. Rather, the goal is to assume the point of view of the journalist who scans history and the contemporary landscape in order to find a way forward. In the first third of the semester we will develop analytical tools for understanding key aspects of the culture of journalism using coverage of the Trump administration as our laboratory sample. In the second third we will explore the history of journalism in the United States. And, in the final third we will examine the current state of the profession and some of the major trends shaping its future.
JOUR 206 – Reporting and Writing Practicum (2 units)
Requires concurrent enrollment with JOUR 207 and JOUR 307. One semester is spent in "Live Production," producing television, radio and digital content on deadline for student-led news outlets, and one semester in "Community Reporting," developing sources and stories for Annenberg Media's website and social media accounts. Students can take JOUR 206 Live Production and JOUR 206 Community Reporting in either sequence, but all students will do both.
Students will learn about the role and responsibility of a journalist in American society through a variety of campus and local community-based reporting and writing assignments. This course will introduce students to the step-by-step process of producing news content, from understanding the concept of news judgment – when an event is news and why – to the research, reporting, writing and dissemination of news in a 21st century news ecosystem. This course will focus on writing, reporting and news judgment.
In this course, students will continue to report, write and produce cross-platform journalism from Los Angeles County's rich collection of cities and neighborhoods. In addition, students will learn how to find story ideas, gather information, interview people and write effectively in a variety of story formats and styles. The course will integrate other journalism skills and concepts, including news judgment, ethics, diversity, copyediting/AP style and technological competence.
In this course, students will learn web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript and jQuery) needed to build modern interactive multimedia projects. In addition, they will use their storytelling skills to create advanced online story packages with multiple elements, including text, visuals, audio, interactivity and navigation, with heavy emphasis on web development and coding. Students will conceive, design, code and produce a multimedia package.
Students will gain an understanding of visual journalism through theory and practical application while exploring emerging story forms. Students will learn video for web, principles of photography, design for web and mobile platforms and the roles each play in interactive story-telling. Students also will learn elements of design related to typography, layout, engagement and user interface as they apply to journalistic story forms across platforms.
This course explores data journalism in the context of investigative journalism. Students will learn how to analyze and interpret data provided by public and private agencies/ organizations. The course will train students how to use the data to give stories context by using basic quantitative analysis tools and techniques. Data visualization, audience engagement and interactivity will also be covered in this course.
Journalism today is so much more than finding, verifying and publishing facts. To succeed in the modern media landscape, journalists nowadays must do all those things, plus engage directly with their audience and understand who will consume their stories and why and how they will consume them. This class is designed to increase your understanding of how news and information flow online and to help you find your place in the media ecosystem.
In this course, students will have the opportunity to engage with diverse local communities and produce stories across platforms. Students will learn how to use digital tools to increase journalists' engagement with communities via field reporting and on news sites and mobile platforms. The course will also teach students the sophisticated use of social media tools to crowd source and to build source lists and community relationships.
In this course, students will produce a well-reported advanced multimedia package, with a blend of text, audio, video, photos, navigation and interactivity. The final project will be published by the Annenberg Media Center.
The focus of the course will be to examine various aspects of the conflict (to the extent there is one) between the First Amendment, on the one hand, and other competing societal interests, on the other. This will include, as it must, consideration of the fact that while, in the United States, the First Amendment is a venerated icon of what it means to be an American, to the remainder of the world, the First Amendment, and all of its protections, is merely a local ordinance.


The prolific Dr. Weil is about to put out yet another book, Spontaneous Happiness. So recently, he interviewed his buddy Dr. Oz on his own personal happiness maintaining habits.
I thought it was a great interview–very honest and humble. Dr. Oz admits that he worries a lot, has moments of feeling down and was once known for his angry outbursts. He talks about how he has learned to focus on the things in his life that are "blessings" and to take 7 or so minutes each morning for stretching and breathing. Dr. Oz has learned how to manage his "energy" to maintain his happiness. Seems Dr. Oz needs his CTFO time too.
I too have learned to do the same. If I don't take the time to conserve and protect my own energy, how can I be good to myself, let alone anyone else? I try my best to meditate each morning, to pick a few things each day that I am grateful for, to exercise, to eat as healthy as possible. I try to balance it all and sometimes it goes awry…but the key is to be easy on yourself. Be kind to yourself. Find the happiness… it is there.


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Home > Alabama Living > Transforming the Grid
Transforming the Grid
Local officials gathered with Wiregrass Electric Cooperative and PowerSouth Energy Cooperative officials to commission a new substation in the Fadette community in mid November.
Wiregrass Electric Cooperative's (WEC's) top priority is serving its members well, and it supports that effort through its Number 1 goal of working safely.
When a project melds both concepts to significantly improve service reliability and safety, WEC endeavors to make it happen as efficiently as possible. One such initiative came to fruition in November when WEC and its energy provider, PowerSouth Energy Cooperative, commissioned a new substation in the Fadette community south of Slocomb.
Energizing the new facility concluded a project that began with planning in 2018, took 33 weeks to construct, and cost about $2.6 million to complete.
"We are always implementing changes, both large and small, that improve our grid," says Wiregrass Chief Operating Officer Brad Kimbro. "WEC is proud to serve our members better through this effort and provide our employees a safer working environment. We appreciate PowerSouth's support of this monumental effort."
Improving Reliability & Service
Those attending the commissioning of the Fadette substation listen to an address from WEC Chief Operating Officer Brad Kimbro.
The new facility boosts WEC's already sterling electrical service in the area, especially since it replaces an older substation — known as the Slocomb substation — adjacent to the project.
The most significant development is that the PowerSouth-fed substation provides WEC the opportunity to create more redundancies or backup sources of power. If major outages occur at the Fadette substation or others nearby, WEC can quickly switch circuits and restore power to most members during repairs.
The new substation includes more spacing to accommodate additional equipment should the area experience significant growth. The extra space also provides PowerSouth the room to connect a mobile substation, which will continue service to WEC members if repairs and upgrades are needed at the Fadette facility.
Russ Harper, PowerSouth's distribution engineer and assistant to the director of engineering, discusses the Fadette project's benefits at a November ceremony.
The new substation sports more capacity, operating on 115-kilovolt transformers instead of the 46-kV transformers found at the Slocomb substation. The project also standardizes some equipment, allowing PowerSouth to respond quickly with replacement parts.
"The 115-kV transmission system tends to be more robust as the structures are larger, provide more spacing and create more network redundancy, which equates to greater reliability," says Russ Harper, PowerSouth's distribution engineer and assistant to the director of engineering.
Another benefit is the new substation uses newer and more efficient equipment, which reduces line loss. Line loss is the amount of power lost during transmission of electricity from power plants hundreds of miles away.
"This project benefits our members in so many ways," says Jason Thrash, WEC's Vice President of Engineering and Operations. "It helps us deliver a more efficient and more reliable product during ordinary days and potentially reduces the length of outages in the area following severe storms."
Safety and Other Benefits
Taylor Williams, PowerSouth's governmental affairs and economic development manager, touts the economic advantages of the $2.6 million Fadette project.
During a commissioning ceremony on Nov. 17, several speakers emphasized the safety advantages the new substation provides — namely, how potential hazards are reduced through equipment standardization and a larger space in which to operate.
Thrash also highlighted the cohesion of his and the PowerSouth staff in their work to create the substation, noting: "This project went smoothly. In our industry, we like smooth. When things aren't smooth, there is a potential for safety issues."
The new substation provides WEC and its members additional benefits beyond reliability and safety, though.
First, it gives WEC a strong opportunity to upgrade area members' meters to radio frequency meters as part of a pilot program. Those meters automatically signal WEC when outages occur, quickening WEC's response.
WEC Vice President of Engineering and Operations Jason Thrash outlines a new radio frequency (RF) meter pilot program that accompanies the creation of a new substation.
The new substation also features broadband internet capabilities through a partnership between WEC and Troy Cable. And that partnership promotes opportunities to expand broadband access in the area. Besides being a necessity for residents, given today's internet-dependent culture, broadband availability is a factor when businesses and industries are considering expansions or relocations.
"You cannot have economic development success without infrastructure," Kimbro says. "A project like this shows that you don't have to sacrifice anything when you choose to live in rural areas of the Wiregrass and can have strong investments in our area. We're doing everything we can to improve the quality of life here."
Fadette Project Facts
Location: On Alabama Highway 103 just south of Slocomb
Timeline: Project was pitched to PowerSouth's engineering and operations committee in February 2018 and gained approval. Construction began on March 16, 2020, and the substation was energized on Nov. 2.
Cost: More than $2.4 million for PowerSouth and $125,000 for WEC


Members in Scotland are represented by a number of sector specific Scottish committees. Representatives sit on a number of AIC committees and working groups which ensures that information and issues are transferred between both AIC and members in Scotland.
Personnel is Ian Muirhead, AIC Scotland Policy Manager.
AIC's man in Scotland reports on some key topics.


Every once in a while we celebrate by climbing into our "Way-Back Machine" and sharing a conversation done some time ago. That's what is up today. Five years ago we sat down with Jeff and Bryan McGinness who had recently purchased the Wine Styles franchise opportunity and were looking to expand their market. That was when there was just one location in the Des Moines Metro. Today there are three and there are now 15 Wine Styles Craft Beer and Retail Wine locations from Alaska to Virginia. Step back in time with us as we get into our Way-Back Machine and talk...wine and business.


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Justia Dockets & Filings Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Leonardo Esparza-Diaz v. U.S. Attorney General Filing 1109313677
Leonardo Esparza-Diaz v. U.S. Attorney General
Opinion issued by court as to Petitioner Leonardo Esparza-Diaz. Decision: Affirmed. Petition Denied in part, Dismissed in part. Opinion type: Non-Published. Opinion method: Per Curiam. The opinion is also available through the Court's Opinions page at this link http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions.
Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 1 of 8 [DO NOT PUBLISH] IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT ________________________ No. 16-10231 Non-Argument Calendar ________________________ Agency No. A205-358-855 LEONARDO ESPARZA-DIAZ, Petitioner, versus U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL, Respondent. ________________________ Petition for Review of a Decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals ________________________ (December 22, 2016) Before MARCUS, JORDAN and ROSENBAUM, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Leonardo Esparza-Diaz, proceeding through counsel, seeks review of the Board of Immigration Appeals ("BIA") order denying his second motion to reopen removal proceedings as both time- and number-barred, 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(a). On Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 2 of 8 appeal, Esparza-Diaz argues that: (1) the ineffective assistance rendered by his three prior attorneys warrants equitable tolling of the time- and number-bar on motions to reopen; and (2) the BIA relied on an incorrect legal premise in refusing to use its authority to sua sponte reopen his removal proceedings. After careful review, we deny the petition in part, and dismiss it in part. We review the BIA's denial of a motion to reopen for abuse of discretion, namely, whether the BIA exercised its administrative discretion in an arbitrary or capricious manner. Montano Cisneros v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 514 F.3d 1224, 1226 (11th Cir. 2008). "The moving party bears a heavy burden" because "motions to reopen are disfavored, especially in removal proceedings." Zhang v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 572 F.3d 1316, 1319 (11th Cir. 2009). The BIA shall not grant a motion to reopen unless: [I]t appears to the Board that evidence sought to be offered is material and was not available and could not have been discovered or presented at the former hearing; nor shall any motion to reopen for the purpose of affording the alien an opportunity to apply for any form of discretionary relief be granted if it appears that the alien's right to apply for such relief was fully explained to him or her and an opportunity to apply therefore was afforded at the former hearing, unless the relief is sought on the basis of circumstances that have arisen subsequent to the hearing. Subject to . . . other requirements and restrictions . . . , a motion to reopen proceedings for consideration or further consideration of an application for relief under section 212(c) of the Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(c)) 1 may be granted if the alien 1 The Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act ("IIRIRA") repealed former 8 U.S.C. § 1182(c), which governed suspension of deportation, and replaced it with 8 U.S.C. § 1229b, which governs cancellation of removal. Mohammed v. Ashcroft, 261 F.3d 1244, 1248 n.3 (11th Cir. 2001). 2 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 3 of 8 demonstrates that he or she was statutorily eligible for such relief prior to the entry of the administratively final order of deportation. 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(c)(1). We have held that, "[a]t a minimum, there are at least three independent grounds upon which the Board may deny a motion to reopen: (1) failure to establish a prima facie case; (2) failure to introduce evidence that was material and previously unavailable; and (3) a determination that despite the alien's statutory eligibility for relief, he or she is not entitled to a favorable exercise of discretion." Najjar v. Ashcroft, 257 F.3d 1262, 1302 (11th Cir. 2001). An alien may file one motion to reopen within 90 days of the date on which a final administrative decision was rendered. 8 U.S.C. § 1229a(c)(7). This 90-day time limit is a non-jurisdictional claim-processing rule, and is thus subject to equitable tolling. Avila-Santoyo v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 713 F.3d 1357, 1365 (11th Cir. 2013) (en banc). And although we have not specifically answered whether the rule allowing just one motion is also subject to equitable tolling, we've suggested that it is. See Ruiz-Turcios v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 717 F.3d 847, 850 (11th Cir. 2013). In Ruiz-Turcios, we noted that "equitable tolling is a threshold showing that must be made before the merits of the claim or claims underlying a motion to reopen can be considered." Id. at 851. "[E]quitable tolling generally requires a litigant to show (1) that he has been pursuing his rights diligently, and (2) that some extraordinary circumstances stood in his way." Id. (quotation omitted). 3 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 4 of 8 The facts underlying a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel may serve as both a basis for equitable tolling and the merits of a motion to reopen, though the standards for each are distinct. Id. While an alien in removal proceedings does not have a Sixth Amendment right to counsel, he does have a "constitutional right under the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause right to a fundamentally fair hearing to effective assistance of counsel where counsel has been obtained." Dakane v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 399 F.3d 1269, 1273 (11th Cir. 2005) (quotation and emphasis omitted). To establish ineffective assistance of counsel in a deportation hearing, an alien must show that his "counsel's performance was deficient to the point that it impinged upon the fundamental fairness of the hearing such that the alien was unable to reasonably present his [] case." Id. at 1274 (quotation omitted) (concerning a timely first motion to reopen). Additionally, an alien claiming ineffective assistance of counsel must show he was prejudiced by counsel's deficient performance, meaning there is a reasonable probability that but for counsel's error, the outcome of the proceedings would have been different. Id. In Mejia Rodriguez v. Reno, 178 F.3d 1139 (11th Cir. 1999), the alien argued that a time-barred motion to reopen was the fault of counsel. We held that the alien could not establish ineffective assistance of counsel if the deficient representation merely prevents the alien from being eligible for suspension of deportation, because that kind of relief was discretionary. Id. at 1146-48. We 4 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 5 of 8 reasoned that deficient representation does not deprive an alien of due process, because the chances of receiving such relief "are too speculative, and too far beyond the capability of judicial review, to conclude that the alien has actually suffered prejudice from being ineligible…." Id. at 1148. We have since applied our holding in Mejia Rodriguez to conclude that an alien cannot raise a due process challenge based on the denial of cancellation of removal. See Mohammed, 261 F.3d at 1248 n.3, 1250-51. The Attorney General has discretion to cancel the removal of an alien who demonstrates, in relevant part, that he has not been convicted of certain offenses, including certain firearm offenses, as set forth in 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(C). 8 U.S.C. § 1229b(b)(1). As for the disqualifying firearm offenses, an alien is not eligible for cancellation of removal if he has been convicted under any law of possessing or carrying a firearm or destructive device, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921(a). 8 U.S.C. § 1229b(b)(1); 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(C). Section 921(a) defines "firearm" as "(A) any weapon (including a starter gun) which will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive; (B) the frame or receiver of any such weapon; (C) any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; or (D) any destructive device." 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(3). Here, the BIA did not abuse its discretion in denying Esparza-Diaz's second motion to reopen as both time- and number-barred. Esparza-Diaz claims that his 5 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 6 of 8 previous attorneys were ineffective for failing to proffer evidence to show that his prior Florida conviction for open carrying of a weapon was not a firearm offense that would statutorily disqualify him from cancellation of removal. However, this argument is premised on the notion that his attorneys' failing resulted in the denial of his application for cancellation -- a discretionary form of relief. Under Mejia Rodriguez, 178 F.3d at 1146-48, Esparza-Diaz cannot establish that he was prejudiced by his counsels' alleged ineffective assistance. As we explained there, any deficient representation by Esparza-Diaz's counsel could not have deprived him of due process since the chances of him receiving such relief "are too speculative, and too far beyond the capability of judicial review, to conclude that the alien has actually suffered prejudice from being ineligible." Id. at 1148. Accordingly, the BIA did not abuse its discretion in determining that Esparza-Diaz did not establish that "exceptional circumstances" in his case warranted equitable tolling. Thus, we deny Esparza-Diaz's petition as to this claim. As for Esparza-Diaz's challenge to the BIA's refusal to exercise its sua sponte authority to reopen his removal proceedings, we lack jurisdiction over this issue. We've previously recognized that we lack jurisdiction to hear an appeal of the BIA's denial of a motion to reopen based on its sua sponte authority. Lenis v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 525 F.3d 1291, 1292-93 (11th Cir. 2008). In Mata v. Lynch, 135 S. Ct. 2150 (2015), the Supreme Court reversed and remanded a case when the 6 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 7 of 8 Fifth Circuit determined that it lacked jurisdiction to review the BIA's denial of a motion to reopen where the BIA had both denied the motion as untimely and refused to exercise its sua sponte authority to reopen. Id. at 2154-56. However, the Supreme Court did not determine that the Fifth Circuit erred in determining that it lacked jurisdiction to review the BIA's refusal to sua sponte reopen the removal proceedings. Id. at 1255. Instead, it determined that, even assuming arguendo that the Fifth Circuit lacked jurisdiction to review the BIA's refusal to sua sponte reopen the proceedings, that refusal did not strip the Fifth Circuit of its jurisdiction to address the BIA's denial of the statutory motion to reopen as untimely. Id. We have since held that Mata did not alter the holding in Lenis, and that we lack jurisdiction to review the BIA's denial to exercise its authority to sua sponte reopen the removal proceedings. Butka v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 827 F.3d 1278, 1285-86 (11th Cir. 2016). We are therefore bound under our precedent to hold that we lack jurisdiction to review the BIA's determination that no "extraordinary circumstances" existed to warrant the exercise of its authority to sua sponte reopen removal proceedings. See Butka, 827 F.3d at 1285-86; Lenis, 525 F.3d at 1292-93. As we've explained, Mata did not provide that appellate courts have the jurisdiction to review the BIA's refusal to reopen removal proceedings sua sponte. See Butka, 827 F.3d at 128586. Therefore, we dismiss Esparza-Diaz's petition as to this claim. 7 Case: 16-10231 Date Filed: 12/22/2016 Page: 8 of 8 PETITION DENIED IN PART, DISMISSED IN PART. 8


Not a week goes by without a new data center opening somewhere, or a large hosting provider expanding its existing facilities. Recent research from iXConsulting backs up that trend. Its 14th Data center Survey polled companies each controlling around 25 million square feet of data center space in Europe, including owners, operators, developers, investors, consultants, design and build specialists, large corporates, telcos, systems integrators, colocation companies and cloud service providers.
All expressed a desire and intention to build out their current data center footprint, both in-house and through third parties, with 60 percent saying they would increase in-house capacity in 2017 and 38 percent in 2018. Over a third (35 percent) said they would expand their third party hosting capacity by 2019.
More than any other part of the market it is the hyperscale cloud service providers which appear to be currently driving that expansion. Canalys suggests that the big four cloud players on their own - Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google, IBM and Microsoft - represented 55 percent of the cloud infrastructure services market (including IaaS and PaaS) by value in the second quarter of 2017, in total worth US$14bn and growing 47 percent year on year.
Irrespective of the size of the hosting facilities being owned and maintained, the unrelenting growth in the volume of data and virtualized workloads being stored, processed and transmitted as those data centers expand will put significant strain on the underlying data center infrastructure. And that is especially true for internal networks and underlying cabling systems that face an acute lack of bandwidth and capacity for future expansion with current technology and architectural approaches.
In each individual data center the choice of cabling will depend on a number of different factors beyond just capacity, including compatibility with existing wiring, transmission distances, space restrictions and budget.
Unshielded (UTP) and shielded (STP) twisted pair copper cabling has been widely deployed in data centers over the past 40 years, and many owners and operators will remain reluctant to completely scrap existing investments.
As well as being cheaper to buy, copper cabling has relatively low deployment costs because there is no need to buy additional hardware, and it can be terminated quickly and simply by engineers on site.
Fiber needs additional transceivers to connect to switches, and also requires specialist termination. By contrast, copper cables use the same RJ-45 interfaces, backwards compatible with previous copper cabling specifications which simplifies installation and gradual migration over a longer period of time. Standards for copper cabling have evolved to ensure this continuity (see box: copper standards evolve).
Data center networks that currently rely on a combination of 1Gbps and/or 10Gbps connections at the server, switch and top or rack layers today are likely to see 25/40Gbps as the next logical upgrade. But in order to avoid bottlenecks in the aggregation and backbone layer, they will also need to consider the best approach to boosting capacity elsewhere, and particularly over longer distances which copper cables (even Cat8) are ill equipped to support.
Many data center operators and hosting companies have plans to deploy networks able to support data rates of 100Gbps and beyond in the aggregation and core layers, for example.
That capacity will have to cope with the internal data transmission requirements created by hundreds of thousands, or millions of VMs, expected to run on data center servers in 2018/2019, and most are actively seeking solutions that will lay the basis for migration to 400Gbps in the future.
Where that sort of bandwidth over longer cable runs is required, the only realistic choice is fiber - either multimode fiber (MMF) or single mode fiber (SMF). MMF is cheaper and allows lower bandwidths and shorter cable runs. It was was first deployed in telecommunications networks in the early 1980s and quickly advanced into enterprise local and wide area (LAN/WAN) networks, storage area networks (SANs) and backbone links within server farms and data centers that required more capacity than copper cabling could support.
Meanwhile, telecoms networks moved on to single mode fiber, which is more expensive and allows greater throughput and longer distances. Most in-building fiber is still multi-mode, and the network industry has created a series of developments to the fiber standards, in order to maximize the data capacity of those installations (see box: making multi-mode do more).
As data centers have continued to expand however, the distance limitations of current MMF specifications have proved restrictive for some companies. This is particularly true for hyperscale cloud service providers and those storing massive volumes of data like Facebook, Microsoft and Google which have constructed large campus facilities spanning multiple kilometers. Social media giant Facebook, for example, runs several large data centers across the globe, each of which links hundreds of thousands of servers together in a single virtual fabric spanning one site. The same is true for Microsoft, Google and other cloud service providers for whom east to west network traffic (i.e. between different servers in the same data center) requirements are particularly high.
What these companies ideally wanted was single-mode fiber in a form that was compatible with the needs and budget of data centers: a 100Gbps fiber cabling specification with a single mode interface that was cost competitive with existing multi-mode alternatives, has minimal fiber optic signal loss and supports transmission distances of between 500m and 2km. Four possible specifications were created by different groups of network vendors. Facebook backed the 100G specification from the CWDM4-MSA, which was submitted to the Open Compute Project (OCP) and adopted as part of OCP in 2011.
Facebook shifted to single-mode because it designed and built its own proprietary data center fabric, and was hitting significant limitations with existing cabling solutions. Its engineers calculated that to reach 100m at 100Gbps using standard optical transceivers and multi-mode fiber, it would have to re-cable with OM4 MMF. This was workable inside smaller data centers but gave no flexibility for longer link lengths in larger facilities, and it wasn't future proof: there was no likelihood of bandwidth upgrades beyond 100Gbps.
Whilst Facebook wanted fiber cabling that would last the lifetime of the data center itself, and support multiple interconnect technology lifecycles, available single-mode transceivers supporting link lengths of over 10km were overkill. They provided unnecessary reach and were too expensive for its purposes.
So Facebook modified the 100G-CWDM4 MSA specification to its own needs for reach and throughput. It also decreased the temperature range, as the data center environment is more controlled than the outdoor or underground environments met by telecoms fiber.
It also set more suitable expectations for service life for cables installed within easy reach of engineers.
The OCP now has almost 200 members including Apple, Intel and Rackspace. Facebook also continues to work with Equinix, Google, Microsoft and Verizon to align efforts around an optical interconnect standard using duplex SMF, and has released the CWDM4-OCP specification which builds on the effort of CWDM4-MSA and is available to download from the OCP website.
The arrival of better multi-mode fiber (OM5 MMF) and the lower-cost single-mode fiber being pushed by Facebook, could change the game significantly, and prompt some large scale providers to go all-fiber within their hosting facilities, especially where they can use their buying power to drive the cost of transceivers down.
In reality, few data centers are likely to rely exclusively on either copper or fiber cabling – the optimal solution for most will inevitably continue to rely on a mix of the two in different parts of the network infrastructure for the foreseeable future.
The use of fiber media converters adds a degree of flexibility too, interconnecting different cabling formats and extending the reach of copper-based Ethernet equipment over SMF/MMF links spanning much longer distances.
So while future upgrades to the existing Cat6/7 estate will involve Cat8 cabling supporting 25/40Gbps data rates will handle increased capacity requirements over short reach connections at the server, switch and top of rack level for some years to come, data center operators can then aggregate that traffic over much larger capacity MMF/SMF fiber backbones for core interconnect and cross campus links.
Most facilities currently rely on a mixture of Category 6 (Cat6) and Cat7 copper cabling that supports 10Gbps bandwidth over 100m, and higher data rates of up to 40Gbps over much shorter distances. But the evolution of those copper cabling specifications is now fundamental to meeting the requirements of not only hyperscale cloud service providers, but also larger enterprises and telcos with big ambitions to expand their use or delivery of either private or hybrid cloud hosted applications and services.
In 2016, the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems Engineering Committee approved the next stage in that evolution - Cat8, compatible with 25/40GBase-T over short runs of 5 to 30m shielded twisted pair cabling with a standard RJ-45 Ethernet interface. Due to its relatively short reach, Cat8 is, for the moment, targeted at switch to server connections in top of rack or end of row topologies.
Defined by their core and cladding diameters, multi-mode fiber types are designated by the IEC as OM1 through to OM4. When OM1 bandwidth requirements surpassed 100Mbps, its 62.5 µm diameter was reduced to 50 µm (OM2) to improve capacity to 1Gbps and even 10Gbps over shorter link lengths of 82m.
That was boosted again with OM3 (or laser optimized multimode fiber - LOMMF) in the 1990s. OM3 used vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) rather than LED based equipment to increase the reach of OM2, now supporting transmission rates of 10Gbps over 300m.
Various enhancements to OM3 pushed bandwidth and reach to 40/100Gbps over distances up to 100m, but the arrival of OM4 (which uses the same 50 µm diameter and VCSEL equipment) extended 10Gbps bandwidth to 550m and allowed 100Gbps data rates over 150m. All four types of MMF cabling are still found in many of today's data centers, but OM3/4 predominate due to their higher bandwidth, longer reach and VCSEL compatibility.
A fifth implementation - OM5 - previously known as wide band MMF (WBMMF) uses short wave division multiplexing (SWDM) and was published as the TIA-492AAAE standard in 2016. It uses the same 50 µm diameter and VCSEL equipment as OM3/4 and is fully backward compatible with its predecessors, but increases the capacity of each fiber by a factor of four to support much higher data rates up to 100Gbps over duplex fiber connections and in the future 400Gbps over the same 8-fiber MPO interfaces.
There has been little OM5 deployment in data centers to date, largely because few manufacturers have produced appropriate transceivers in any volume. Suppliers only formed the SWDM MSA group in March 2017, whilst Finisair announced it has started to produce QSFP28 SWDM transceivers supporting 100Gbps over a single pair of fibers the following November. There is little doubt that OM5 will rapidly become the de facto MMF implementation for new data centers in 2018, whilst operators will also begin to upgrade existing facilities with new cabling and transmission equipment as required.
Recognizing the gap in provision and the potential size of the market opportunity, several network cabling suppliers formed multi-source agreements (MSAs) to collaborate on delivering single-mode fiber in a form usable in data centers. Four potential candidates for a suitable specification have emerged in the last few years.
The 100G CLR4 Alliance spearheaded by Intel and Arista Networks aimed to create a low power, 100G-CWDM solution in QSFP form factor supporting 100Gbps bandwidth over duplex SMF at distances up to 2km.
The OpenOptics 100 Gigabit Ethernet MSA was jointly founded by Mellanox Technologies and optical start-up Raniovus. It proposed a 100 GbE specification and 1550nm QSFP28 optical transceiver with a 2km reach using a combination of SMF and silicon photonics to offer capacity of 100G/400G and beyond based on WDM. Supporters include Ciena, Vertilas, MultiPhy and cloud service provider Oracle.
The CWDM4-MSA also targets 100G optical interfaces for 2km cable runs using 4 lanes of duplex 25Gbps SMF. The five founding members were Avago Technologies, Finisar, Oclaro, JDSU and Sumitomo Electric, with additional members including Brocade, Juniper Networks and Mitsubishi Electric. Though an interface was not specified by the consortium, the expectation is that the QSFP28 form factor will be applied.
The Parallel Single Mode 4-Lane (PSM4) MSA defined a specification with a minimum 500m reach that transmits 100Gbps over eight single mode fibers (four transmit and four receive) each transmitting at 25Gbps and supporting QSFP28 optical transceivers. Original members included Avago, Brocade, Finisar JDSU, Juniper Networks, Luxtera, Microsoft, Oclaro and Panduit.
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Anoploderomorpha carbonaria är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Holzschuh 1993. Anoploderomorpha carbonaria ingår i släktet Anoploderomorpha och familjen långhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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carbonaria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Art and Design Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Art and Design
Migiwa Orimo Interview, Jessica Ruiz Jul 2018
Migiwa Orimo Interview, Jessica Ruiz
Asian American Art Oral History Project
Migiwa Orimo is an artist whose primary work takes the form of installation. Orimo was born and raised in Tokyo, Japan. After receiving her degree in literature and studying graphic design, she immigrated to the US in the early eighties.
In her process of creating installations, she begins by entering a space of language. Often her installations consist of disparate elements--text, painting, drawing, objects, video and sound. In attempting to establish relationships and tension between those elements, similar to constructing sentences, she explores the notions of gap, slippage, and "a realm of disjunction."
She exhibits her work nationally ...
Kioto Aoki Interview, Austin Sandifer Jun 2018
Kioto Aoki Interview, Austin Sandifer
Artist Bio: Kioto Aoki is a conceptual photographer and experimental filmmaker who also makes books and installations engaging the material specificity of the analogue image and image-making process. Her work explores modes of perception via nuances of the mundane, with recent focusing on perceptions of movement between the still and the moving image. She received MFA from The School of the Art Institute of Chicago and is currently a 2017-2018 HATCH artist in residence at the Chicago Artist Coalition.
https://kiotoaoki.com/
Mitsu Salmon Interview, David Yonamine Jun 2018
Mitsu Salmon Interview, David Yonamine
Mitsu Salmon creates original performance and visual works, which fuse multiple disciplines. She was born in the melting pot of Los Angeles to a Japanese mother and American father. Her creation in different mediums, the translation of one medium to another, is connected to the translation of differing cultures and languages.
Salmon received her MFA from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 2014. In 2005 she graduated from NYU where she majored in Experimental Theater, studying theater and visual arts. She has lived in India, England, Germany, Amsterdam, Japan, and Bali.
She has performed solo ...
Tony Moy Interview, Sarah Song Jun 2018
Tony Moy Interview, Sarah Song
Tony Moy is a mixed media artist who focuses on watercolor and Gouache living in downtown Chicago. He has published art in books from the X-files, Dungeons and Dragons, Tome I & II, Memory Collectors and among others. In addition, Tony has over 10 years of teaching experience and currently teaches illustration and design at the School of the Art Institute. His inspiration comes from studying traditional and classic watercolorists combined with the modern influences of pop culture comics, anime and fantasy. https://www.tonymoy.art/about-me
Jeffrey Augustine Songco Interview, Yara Cruz Jun 2018
Jeffrey Augustine Songco Interview, Yara Cruz
Jeffrey Augustine Songco (b. 1983) is a multi-media artist. Born and raised in New Jersey to devout Catholic Filipino immigrants, his artistic identity developed at a young age with training in classical ballet, voice, and musical theater. He holds a BFA from Carnegie Mellon University and an MFA from San Francisco Art Institute. His artwork has been exhibited throughout the USA including the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco and the Urban Institute for Contemporary Arts in Grand Rapids. In 2017, he was featured in the publication Queering Contemporary Asian American Art, and he was the Installation Category ...
Soheila Azadi Interview, Jillian Bridgeman Jun 2018
Soheila Azadi Interview, Jillian Bridgeman
Artist Bio: Soheila Azadi is an interdisciplinary visual artist and lecturer based in Chicago and Iran. Born in the capital of Islamic cities, Esfahan, Azadi absorbed story-telling skills through Persian miniature drawings since she was nine. Azadi's inspirations come from her experiences of being a woman while living under Theocracy. Now residing in the U.S. Azadi is dedicated to transnational feminism with a passionate devotion to the ways in which race, religion, gender, sexuality, and ethnicity intersect. Azadi uses performance art and performative installations as methods to both materialize and narrate stories about women's everyday struggle in ...
Leila Abdelrazaq Interview, Quest Sawyer Jun 2018
Leila Abdelrazaq Interview, Quest Sawyer
Artist Bio: Leila Abdelrazaq is a Palestinian author/artist, who was born in Chicago. Her work combines art and activism, addressing topics such as diaspora, refugees, history, memory, and borders. In 2015, she graduated from DePaul University with a BFA in Theatre and BA in Arabic Studies. She is best known for her graphic novel Baddawi (April 2015)- a story about her father's refugee experience. Her website (https://lalaleila.com) also contains comics and zines, illustrations, and prints she's created based on self- expression and her love of activism. Leila is also the founder of a blog called ...
Nirmal Raja Interview, Dalton Campbell Jun 2018
Nirmal Raja Interview, Dalton Campbell
Artist Bio: Nirmal Raja is an interdisciplinary artist living and working in Milwaukee, WI. Born in India, she has lived and traveled in several countries. Raja received a Bachelor's of Arts in English Literature in India, a Bachelor's of Fine Arts in Painting at the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design and a Master's of Fine Arts at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Her work deals with concepts of displacement, cultural negotiation and memory. http://nirmalraja.com


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Sherman Smith, Kansas Reflector
'Our greatest challenge': Latest COVID-19 surge threatens Kansas hospitals again as omicron looms
Steve Stites, chief medical officer for the University of Kansas Health System, and Catherine Satterwhite, a regional administrator for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, appear during a news briefing Wednesday on COVID-19. (Screen capture by Kansas Reflector from YouTube)
TOPEKA — Steve Stites is nervous. Hospitals, he says, are "full, full, full."
The chief medical officer for the University of Kansas Health System is monitoring a steep climb in COVID-19 hospitalizations, almost entirely from unvaccinated residents, while hospitals already are busy treating patients suffering from influenza and the respiratory syncytial virus.
Meanwhile, initial studies indicate the new omicron variant is far more transmissible than the delta variant, which was far more transmissible than the original COVID-19.
"I'm just gonna warn everybody: Things are on fire," Stites said during a news briefing Wednesday.
The Kansas Department for Health and Environment reported 4,138 new infections, 20 deaths and 127 hospitalizations between Monday and Wednesday. The omicron variant hasn't yet been detected in Kansas, but it appears inevitable the mutation will arrive soon if it isn't here already.
"We have a lot of COVID patients and the numbers are rising rapidly just as omicron comes in," Stites said. "And people do not have their masks on, and what else are they doing? They're gathering indoors. This is a challenging time. This may be, I think this will be, our greatest challenge.
"Because we're so darn tired of it. And we're so darn tired of following the rules. And I think this has the potential to cause the greatest problem — and not just for COVID, but for all the other people who are sick and have a time-sensitive diagnosis where they can't get care. I think our communities need to realize where we are, the dangers that we have in the hospitals."
Catherine Satterwhite, a regional administrator for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, appeared with Stites at the briefing. She said she is concerned about the dramatic rise in cases of omicron in the New York region, where cases connected to the variant are doubling every two or three days. Typically, she said, the coast is an indicator of what will eventually move to the middle of the country.
The good news is omicron may lead to less severe illness. But the high rate of transmission is important, she said.
"I think it's going to be really easy for people to say, 'Oh, it's not as bad because it doesn't make people as sick as frequently,' " Satterwhite said. "But when we're looking at a huge volume of people getting sick, there are still people that will experience severe outcomes."
The KU Health system has 43 active infections, with 11 in intensive care and six on a ventilator. Only one of the 43 patients is fully vaccinated, and is not in the ICU.
According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 56% of Kansans are fully vaccinated, including 67.7% of adults.
"I think the moral of the story continues to be that vaccines work vaccines continue to work," said Dana Hawkinson, medical director of infection prevention and control at KU Health. "It is a pandemic of two populations of vaccinated and unvaccinated, where the unvaccinated are the vast majority of the people that are hospitalized and dying."
Since Dec. 3, the average number of new cases in Kansas has exceeded the numbers reported during the delta surge.
The latest update from KDHE identifies large outbreaks of new cases at six public schools, including 35 cases in the Rossville district in Shawnee County, and three additional public school sports teams. There were also new outbreaks at nine long-term care facilities and four correctional facilities.
Nathan Bahr, an infectious disease physician, said health professionals emphasize the importance of wearing a mask because of the ease at which COVID-19 spreads from person to person.
"I can't tell you how often you see people in situations that are very risky without masks and, man, if you want to protect yourself, and to a greater degree, protect the people you love and just people you don't know but don't want to hurt — mask," Bahr said. "Mask. It's so easy, and it's it's so effective."
This article was used by permission from the Kansas Reflector. The Kansas Reflector is a non-profit online news organization serving Kansas. For more information on the organization, go to its website at www.kansasreflector.com.
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Not everyone looking for a 4x4 van is in the market for a heavy-duty pick-up truck that can negotiate steep inclines, cruise through shallow rivers or tackle deeply rutted terrain.
Many operators just need the reassurance that they can cope with some less demanding off-roading and keep moving in snowy or icy conditions without having to wait for the gritters to arrive.
Volkswagen is one manufacturer that caters for this demand. Its Caddy Maxi 4Motion scooped the What Van? 4x4 Van of the Year Award for 2012.
lose grip when traveling over a slippery field, the system kicks in automatically to transmit power to the wheels with the most purchase.
The van offers no extra ground clearance, but this shouldn't be a hindrance, given the uses to which it is likely to be put.
No other manufacturer in the sector offers a genuine 4x4 alternative although grip control technology in front-wheel drive mode is becoming more commonplace, with Citroen, Peugeot and Fiat leading the way.
Scottish Water was quick to recognise the worth of Volkswagen's Caddy Maxi 4Motion, enlisting 25 into its fleet.
The van is powered by a 2.0-litre 110hp diesel married to a six-speed manual gearbox. While it drives just like a 4x2 on road, it can tow a trailer grossing up to 1500kg if called upon.
VW introduced a 4Motion version of its updated Transporter back in March 2010 and it is now considering launching its big brother, the Crafter 4Motion in the UK. The 163hp vehicle was developed with Austrian four-wheel drive specialist Achleitner and offers permanent all-wheel drive evenly distributed to both axles with a differential lock in the transfer gearbox and on the rear axle.
Mercedes-Benz has recently been making more noise about its 4x4 Sprinter, deciding it didn't want its "best kept secret" to be a secret anymore.
The van has ground clearance of up to 95mm, slightly more than the rear-wheel drive version. Its engageable all-wheel drive transfers power to all four wheels simultaneously with a 35/65 split between front and rear axles. Gear reduction comes as standard to maximise performance in more extreme off-road conditions, and there are no mechanical differential locks but an automatic electronic system, which Mercedes says relieves driver strain. The system engages to optimise grip when one or more wheels starts to spin. It breaks them automatically and increases torque to the wheels with most grip.
The true stalwart of the 4x4 commercial vehicle sector is Land Rover's Defender. Not wanting to rush into anything, Land Rover has promised a new generation of the Defender in production form in 2015 having revealed a concept version of the vehicle at the Frankfurt Motor show in September last year.
The new model is expected to be available in a host of wheelbase lengths and bodystyles.
Land Rover gave the current Defender a Euro5 2.2-litre diesel engine last November to replace the previous 2.4 unit. It also introduced two options packs: the £1650 comfort pack with air-conditioning, CD player, electric windows and remote central locking, and the £1500 off-road pack with ABS, heavy duty wheel rims with off-road tyres, toe ball and under-ride protection bar.
Nissan, meanwhile, has quietly dropped the Pathfinder van from its UK portfolio.


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The developing world needs more private investment to reach climate goals
Samantha Fields Nov 3, 2021
Heard on:
https://www.marketplace.org/2021/11/03/the-developing-world-needs-more-private-investment-to-reach-climate-goals/
World leaders at the COP26 conference in Glasgow, Scotland, on Tuesday. Among other issues, they have discussed the need for additional investment in climate resilience for developing countries. Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images
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Wednesday at the United Nations' COP26 climate conference was all about money — how countries will fund their commitments to reduce carbon emissions and limit global warming.
A key part of that is when and how developed countries are going to finally make good on their pledge to come up with $100 billion annually, from public and private sources, to help developing countries cut emissions and adapt to the climate crisis.
But what might it take to draw more private investment to climate change initiatives around the world?
Private companies are already investing billions of dollars a year in climate-related projects, much of it in wind, solar and other types of renewable energy. Still, a lot more private investment is needed, according to Sanjay Patnaik at the Brookings Institution.
"Because when we look at the scale of the climate problem, both mitigation and adaptation … the willingness to make money available by governments is not even close enough to what we need," he said.
There are things governments could do to get companies to invest more, he said, like putting a price on carbon emissions and subsidizing the research and development of new technologies — which can be expensive and risky.
"Helping kick-start these R&D efforts through direct government subsidies can help sometimes," Patnaik said. "And I think we've seen that, for instance, with the development of the COVID vaccine, where a lot of initial government money helps develop those very quickly."
While private investment is a critical part of addressing the climate crisis, "it shouldn't be used, and it can't be used, to distract also from the need for public investments," said Brandon Wu at the nonprofit ActionAid USA.
Governments in developed countries also need to invest a lot more in helping developing countries adapt to climate change, Wu said.
"Private investment is simply not going to reach the poorest and most vulnerable communities ecause there's just not a return on investment," he said. "You cannot make an investment case for investing in the resilience of a tiny rural community that has no money."
Or helping it recover after a major hurricane or wildfire.
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Climate goal


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The heresy of the rapture of the church
Is the first century, Paul writes to the believers of Thessalonica and in a given moment, he remembers or makes memory of those believers of that location that had previously died, and comforts them by telling them that they are not dead, but they are sleeping, that they do not need to be sad, that they are going to resurrect. I Thessalonians 4/13: "But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep, that ye sorrow not, even as others which have no hope."
But later, Paul makes an unused and dangerous movement, he reveals the believers of Thessalonica, something that was considered astonishing and wonderful in his time, that there were those, who were not going to die, and among them he included himself, because supposedly the Messiah would come in their lifetime:
I Thessalonians 4/15-18: "For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we which are alive [and] remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep. For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in the Messiah shall rise first: Then we which are alive [and] remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord. Wherefore comfort one another with these words."
So, situating the action in its due historical context, you may ask: To whom did Paul wrote? Making that question is basic and elemental, because there are those who believe Paul wrote to posterity, but the letter is clear, Paul was not writing to the believers of posterity, he was not writing to the believers of the later centuries, he was not writing to you, he wrote to the believers of Thessalonica, to the believers of his time, to the believers of the first century. And what does history relates? Were the words of Paul fulfilled? What history relates is that Paul died in Rome, decapitated by the roman emperor Nero, furthermore, all that generation of believers of Thessalonica died. Everyone, absolutely all, each and every one of them.
So, neither history nor time, support what Paul wrote, because nobody had him speaking of the end of times, that is why, he failed obstreperously saying that the Messiah was going to return in their time. They had him working in the Work of God, and instructing, forming and exhorting the believers and not encouraging them that all was about to end, and that they were about to go in the clouds "to meet the Lord in the air."
Later, with the pass of time, something happened that Paul writes once again to the believers of Thessalonica, and tries to amend and rectify what he had primarily written, because a great turmoil and expectancy had been created among the community of believers, where there were even those that did not wanted to work anymore because they believed that they were going in the clouds. He tells them: II Thessalonians 2/1-2: "Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus the Messiah, and [by] our gathering together unto him, That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of the Messiah is at hand…"
In this second letter, one can see, if one is to read very carefully, that Paul does not mention that the day of the Lord is near, that is imminent, that it is just around the corner, but rather mentions that a series of events must first take place before the Messiah returns, and writes them: II Thessalonians 2/3: "Let no man deceive you by any means: for [that day shall not come,] except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition".
Therefore, the one who reads the first letter to the thessalonians must obligatorily update Paul's words with the second letter that he later addressed to them. If this is not done, the one who insists in believing in an event that does not appear in the Book of Apocalypse or Revelation, will stay dressed and disturbed, the same way the believers of the first century stayed dressed and disturbed waiting for nothing, because in the end of times, the faith of the believer will be tested, and nobody is leaving or escaping from the End…
04 Feb 2018 churchofGod.tk


Hyderabad: Principal Secretary Municipal Administration Arvind Kumar today asked the GHMC officials to firm up plans for taking up immediate restoration and renovation of twelve clocks in the historical towers in the city.
Arvind Kumar visited Shalibanda , Sultan Bazaar and Monda Market and personally observed the condition of the clocks and the structures and issued instructions to the officials to take up restoration works.
During his visit to Shalibanda he observed that the structure is in dilapidated condition and the clock on both sides of the gateway is not working. He asked the GHMC officials to immediately take up repairs of the clock and ensure its periodical maintenance.
Later he visited the clock tower at Sultan Bazaar. It was observed that the clock is not in working condition and the tower is in dilapidated condition. As there is no maintenance since long period, encroachments towards the main road are seen.
The Principal Secretary directed the officials to prepare a restoration plan which includes repair of the clock, compound wall on all the four sides, painting and lighting. Trees have to be trimmed for better visibility. Encroachments have to be cleared.
He also asked the officials to take up repair works to the old assembly hall in the premises of the sultan bazaar government high school.
At Monda Market, the Principal Secretary went inside the first floor of the building where the clock is fixed. He asked the officials to take up repairs of the clock which is not working.
He also went round the Old Jail Khana and directed the zonal commissioner to convene a meeting with the local shopkeepers and take up minimum repairs with the cooperation of the local community.


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Research needed into environmental impact of tidal energy: executive director
By Michael MacDonald | News, Energy, Politics | January 17th 2018
A tidal turbine is seen on a barge on May 19, 2016. File photo by The Canadian Press
As Nova Scotia pushes ahead with its bid to become a world leader in tidal energy, significant knowledge gaps remain — particularly when it comes to environmental monitoring of test turbines in the Bay of Fundy, the head of an independent research group says.
"We don't know enough about the environmental impacts of those devices," Stephen Dempsey, executive director of the Offshore Energy Research Association, told a news conference Tuesday at Dalhousie University.
"Will they harm our marine life? What will it do to... our intertidal bays? This work has to proceed. We have to deepen our understanding to make progress."
Dempsey, whose non-profit organization dispenses funding from the Nova Scotia Energy Department, made the comments after the province announced a new competition for research funding.
In all, $150,000 is being offered to support five projects that will involve the use of Dalhousie's Aquatron — one of Canada's largest aquatic research facilities.
Dempsey, standing in front of one of the Aquatron's huge water-filled tanks, said the top research priorities include developing specialized technology to deal with the extreme conditions within the bay, where the amount of water flow as the tide changes amounts to a larger volume than that produced by all of the rivers in the world.
In the Minas Passage, a five-kilometre-wide channel near Parrsboro, two tidal turbines have undergone testing in recent years. In 2009, the first in-stream prototype — weighing in at 400 tonnes — was torn apart by the world's highest tides, which can move at 18 kilometres per hour.
As well, Dempsey said more research is needed to reduce the cost of producing electricity from tidal energy.
"Costs are too high to be economically viable," he said. "If we solve all of the technical problems and we don't deal with the cost issue, we'll have an elegant solution that is not implementable."
But the first priority Dempsey mentioned was the need to improve environmental monitoring.
"We certainly need to understand more about the interaction of the device on the environment," he said when asked about a myriad of concerns raised by the 175-member Bay of Fundy Inshore Fishermen's Association.
"We're just getting started with one device in the water."
On Nov. 22, 2016, a second test turbine, this one developed by Cape Sharp Tidal, began producing power from the bottom of the bay near Parrsboro. With the flick of a switch, it became North America's first in-stream tidal turbine linked to an electricity grid.
The 1,000-tonne turbine, which is five storeys tall, was hauled out of the water last June and sent to Saint John, N.B., for upgrades.
"Our careful inspection of the recovered Cape Sharp Tidal turbine found that the overall exterior is in good condition," the company said in a statement released Tuesday, adding that a closer inspection of the internal workings will be conducted later.
The fishermen's association had challenged deployment of the second turbine, arguing in court that Cape Sharp Tidal's environmental effects monitoring program was drafted without "relevant baseline data" about the bay's ecosystem. They also argued that a federal review had found "knowledge gaps" in information provided to the provincial government.
But Nova Scotia Supreme Court Justice Heather Robertson rejected those arguments in April, saying "extraordinary efforts" had been made to evaluate the risks associated with the pioneering project.
On Tuesday, Nova Scotia Energy Minister Geoff MacLellan said environmental protection remains key to the project.
"We're not allowing the (turbine testers) to do anything haphazard in terms of getting out ahead of environmental protection," he told the news conference at Dalhousie.
"For us, there's nothing in terms of dangerous decisions or getting out too far — that's certainly not the case."
MacLellan said the tidal energy industry has the potential to create 22,000 jobs and generate $1.7 billion for the Nova Scotia economy.
Cape Sharp Tidal confirmed Tuesday that a third test turbine will be lowered into the bay this summer.
"The work we're doing on that turbine is focused on improving efficiency and reliability," the company said. "With the world's highest tides and some of the strongest tidal flows on the planet, the untapped energy potential of Nova Scotia's Bay of Fundy presents a tremendous opportunity for renewable energy developers."
Michael MacDonald
Tidal power in the Bay of Fundy: A dream without danger?
By Kelsey Power | Analysis, Energy | June 6th 2017
Bay of Fundy fishermen lose court bid to stop testing of huge tidal turbines
By Michael MacDonald | News, Energy | April 11th 2017
Long awaited tidal power turbine to enter Bay of Fundy next month
By Kevin Bissett | News, Energy | May 19th 2016