text:
Kvetching ring theory pdf
Ring theory of kvetching, illustration by wes bausmith when youre upset over the death of someone dear to you and dear to others around you, it can be difficult to filter what you say to whom. Assume to the contrary that iis not a subset of jand that jis not a subset of i. Consider a set s nite or in nite, and let r be the set of all subsets of s. A ring in which x2 xfor all elements is called a boolean ring. In algebra, ring theory is the study of ringsalgebraic structures in which addition and multiplication are defined and have similar properties to those operations defined for the integers. The characteristic of a ring r, denoted by charr, is the small. Otherwise you end up with a shallower relationship when you cant be real with a person. Things not to say to someone with terminal cancer the mighty. For a nice introduction to the history of ring theory see the following paper. Susan didnt feel like having visitors, and she said so. A tiny amount of kvetching on an unrelated topic, when asked by a person in a more inner ring, is fine.
When susan had breast cancer, we heard a lot of lame remarks, but our favorite came from. He was able to talk about how frightened he was to quite a few. Ring theory helps us bring comfort in psychology today. For example, in the winter of 2009, my mom got breast cancer. First, write down the name of those who are directly affected and draw a small circle around it. Now for a6 0, the relation ab acab ac 0ab c 0 but a6 0 and dan integral domain, imply b c 0, or b. The ring theory of venting when someone goes through trauma or a highneeds situation momentary, chronic, or terminal not only is it hard on the person going through it, but it puts a strain on everyone trying to support and give care. Silk and goldman illustrate the klutziness of some people in dealing with difficulties to show how the theory works. As silk and goodman state, parents and children before more distant relatives. She wanted, she needed, to visit susan after the surgery, but susan didnt feel. Ring theory math 1, summer 2014 james mcivor university of california, berkeley august 3, 2014 abstract these are some informal notes on rings and elds, used to teach math 1 at uc berkeley, summer 2014.
Ring theory merely expands that intuition and makes it more concrete. Show that the commutative ring dis an integral domain if and only if for a. In fact, if a sub ring of zz contains 1, then it is obvious that it coincides with zz. This is an example of a quotient ring, which is the ring version of a quotient group, and which is a very very important and useful concept. A brief history of ring theory loyola university maryland. Each section is followed by a series of problems, partly to check understanding marked with the letter \r. Shes now in her fourth year of remission, which is awesome, but when she had it, and was going through treatments, she blamed a lot of her problems. A few years ago, psychologist susan silk and her friend barry goldman wrote about a concept they called the ring theory. Dont just avoid dumping into the center ring, avoid dumping into any ring smaller than your own. Apr 17, 20 this is a good theory, but i think that even within the kvetching order, or comfort in, dump out, there should be limits. For groups, we could use certain subgroups to create quotient groups. If every x2rsatis es x2 x, prove that rmust be commutative. Published on may 30, 2017 susan silk is a clinical psychologist who is also a breast cancer survivor.
Ideals play a role in ring theory analogous to the role of normal subgroups in group theory. What are the real life applications of the ring theory. History of the concept of a ring mathematics stack exchange. In a ring one can add, subtract and multiply elements, but in general one can not divide by an element. Remember, you can say whatever you want if you just wait until youre talking to someone in a larger ring than yours. Broadly speaking, a ring is a set of objects which we can do two things with. When theres a critical sickness or death in your social circle, emotions necessarily run high. The person in the center ring can say anything she wants to anyone, anywhere. With the ring theory, it was his job to comfort me and dump out to people in bigger circles. The following definition will help if kvetching isnt a part of your normal vocabulary. It then discuss classes of rings that have some additional nice properties. Intimate friends in smaller rings, less intimate friends in larger ones. By susan silk and barry goldman how not to say the. If the crisis is not happening to you, youre in one of the.
Its a theory to help yourself know what to do in a crisis. Cryptography is an area of study with significant application of ring theory. With the holidays coming up, there will be plenty of social gatherings where keeping it in mind could be useful. Ring theory, developed by clinical psychologist susan silk, is the newest psychological rule to help people know who to turn to after an emotional time. How george lucas used an ancient technique called ring composition to reach a level of storytelling sophistication in his sixpart saga that is unprecedented in cinema history. Just dont make it sound like a oneup or anything like that. The ring theory of kvetching or how not to say the. Let z be the ring of integers and, for any nonnegative integer n, let nz be the subset of z consisting of those integers that are multiples of n. Ring theory course notes by alistair savage file type. Silk and goldman have used the idea to explain how not to say the wrong thing to anyone who has been traumatised by those who are close to them. When youre upset over the death of someone dear to you and dear to others around you, it can be difficult to filter what you say to whom.
In it, put the name of the person at the center of the current trauma. Jun 22, 2016 in each larger ring put the next closest people. Kvetching and the ring theory find your life by laying. Its cathartic, helps us bond with each other, and seems slightly less personal than straightup gossip. Thus the set 3zz f3njn 2zzgis a sub ring of zz which does not contain the identity. Introduction to ring theory sachi hashimoto mathcamp summer 2015 1 day 1 1. The article speaks about addressing emotions related to grief or distress according to the ring theory of kvetching.
But there are rules to kvetching, and clinical psychologist susan silk and arbitrator and mediator barry goldmans ring theory acts as a guide to how to kvetch sensitively. The next ring is immediately family and partner, next would be close friends and extruded family and so. Nov 12, 20 still the ring theory may help you as either patient, relative, or friend. Matsumura covers the basic material, including dimension theory, depth, cohenmacaulay rings, gorenstein rings, krull rings and valuation rings. Depending on how close to the center ring you are, you may be able to comfort indirectly. Kvetching and the ring theory find your life by laying it down. Apr 20, 2020 depending on how close to the center ring you are, you may be able to comfort indirectly.
Kvetching is an old yiddish phrase meaning to moan, grumble or complain continuously about something. Foote separate the proof of the wedderburnartin theorem as ten exercises. If the crisis is happening to you, youre in the center of the ring. In that ring put the name of the person next closest to the trauma. Recommended problem, partly to present further examples or to extend theory.
Lam on his 70th birthday at the 31st ohio statedenison mathematics conference, may 2527, 2012, the ohio state university, columbus, oh dinh van huynh, s. There is something called the ring theory of kvetching that ever since hearing about it has changed my life by helping me to set healthier boundaries. Apr 07, 20 ring theory merely expands that intuition and makes it more concrete. Oct 31, 2014 october 31, 2014 by mike klimo on star wars ring theory. When illness strikes how to be a good friend with tarot.
A ring a is noetherian, respectively artinian, if it is noetherian, respectively artinian, considered as an amodule. A simple example, taken from understanding cryptography paar, is that of the affine cipher. Parents and children before more distant relatives. In many ways it will look like our familiar notions of addition and multiplication, but sometimes it wont. The idea is that the person who is affected by the illness or trauma is at the centre of the circle. The basic premise of the ring theory is to put the aggrieved or afflicted in the situation, in this case, me, at the center of the circle, then closest to suffer, my husband, mother and. Stop smiling, start kvetching is the ideal antidote to all those other saccharine and submissive selfhelp books. But dummit and foote s abstract algebra doesnt have a specific chapter to discuss the theory of rings. The article describes cancersurvivor susan silks ring theory of kvetching which states, roughly, that when it comes to dealing with the stress of personal traumas like cancer, financial crises, or. For it works in all kinds of crises medical, legal, even existential. October 31, 2014 by mike klimo on star wars ring theory. In our presentation many of the results obtained this way are achieved by. The ring theory of kvetching or how not to say the wrong. So, there are countless applications of ring theory ahead not to mention countless amazing.
Like jacobson radical is defined on a commutative ring. A brief history of ring theory kristen pollock 2 1. Jun 09, 2016 for the sake of others in your life take a moment to learn about kvetching and ring theory. They go on to say, when you are done, you have a kvetching order. Clearly, a sub ring sforms an additive subgroup of rand has to be closed under multiplication. It may prevent you from saying the wrong thing at the wrong time when people are in the midst of difficult crises. Ring theory studies the structure of rings, their representations, or, in different language, modules, special classes of rings group rings, division rings, universal enveloping algebras, as well as an array of properties that proved to be of interest both within the theory itself and for its applications, such as homological properties and. Using the ring theory can help determine who to comfort and who to vent to.
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Q: Strange httpd's error_log recurring error message I'm getting a lot of lines marked as [error] in my httpd's error_log file that look like this:
...
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:35 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:35 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:35 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:38 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:38 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
[Mon Jul 22 12:00:38 2012] [error] Maximum new request methods 62 reached while registering method NONE.
...

It's a rented virtual CentOS 6 server with a single Joomla! (v.1.5.15, inherited from another contractor. Updating it is NOT an option unfortunately due to heavy core customizations I have no clue about, already tried it, website blew up in my face) setup on it, which doesn't seem to be hindered in any way except for some minor PHP incompatibilities due to eregi() being deprecated (taking care of that right now).
I haven't touched the "default" configuration of the server yet, so it can be safely assumed that options of everything involved (httpd, mysql, etc.) are set at the out-of-the-box value.
Google left me empty-handed, has anyone experienced this ? Is there something wrong with the server ?

A: I managed to find the svn commit where this was introduced. I'm not much of a programmer, but as I understand the comments, it's supposed to work like this:

*

*You have the usual HTTP methods such as GET, POST, HEAD etc

*Your application may have other methods that your httpd will just pass through to the application.

*HTTPD has a limited space for keeping a list of what non-standard methods are used - max is 62 and this can't be changed via any config directive. They are assigned when modules are loaded.

Your application is unusual and it manages to hit this hard limit. Congratulations! It seems you've inherited a black box of magic!

A: Such an errors, in practice, can occurs on some unusual/broken .htaccess file. Try to check all of them.

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text:
Q: Running composer dump-env prod through ansible composer module I am unable to run symfony flex command composer dump-env prod using ansible composer module. I wonder if its even possible ? My task looks sth like this:
- name: Composer dump env for production
  composer:
      command: dump-env
      working_dir: "{{ app_composer_package_dir }}"
      arguments: prod
  become_user: "{{app_apache_user}}"
  become: yes

The error I get is:

"stderr": "\n
  \n  [Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\CommandNotFoundException]
  \n  There are no commands defined \"dump-env\".
  \n

ansible verbose logs:
fatal: [testhost.com]: FAILED! => {
    "changed": false,
    "invocation": {
        "module_args": {
            "apcu_autoloader": false,
            "arguments": "prod",
            "classmap_authoritative": false,
            "command": "dump-env",
            "executable": null,
            "global_command": false,
            "ignore_platform_reqs": false,
            "no_dev": true,
            "no_plugins": false,
            "no_scripts": false,
            "optimize_autoloader": true,
            "prefer_dist": false,
            "prefer_source": false,
            "working_dir": "/var/www/source"
        }
    },
    "msg": "[Symfony\\Component\\Console\\Exception\\CommandNotFoundException] Command \"dump-env\" is not defined. help [--xml] [--format FORMAT] [--raw] [--] [<command_name>]"
}
                                                          ",

I tried ansible command module to directly run the command but I get same error.
However, I am able run the command by sshing to remote (centos) instance :
sudo -u apache composer dump-env prod

Restricting packages listed in "symfony/symfony" to "4.3.*"
  Successfully dumped .env files in .env.local.php

A: So far I am unable to run composer dump-env prod command using ansible composer module. However following task using ansible command module runs successfully e.g
- name: Composer dump env for production
  command: "{{composer_install_path}}  --working-dir={{ app_composer_package_dir }} dump-env prod"
  become_user: "{{app_apache_user}}"
  become: yes

which translates to sth:
sudo -u apache /usr/local/bin/composer --working-dir=/var/www/source dump-env prod


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text:
"Beef FloMix" is a song by American rapper Flo Milli. It is a remix of the song "Beef" by American rapper and producer Ethereal featuring rapper Playboi Carti. Originally released in 2018, the song became popular through TikTok in April 2019 and became Flo Milli's breakout hit. It is also the lead single from her debut mixtape, Ho, Why Is You Here? (2020).

Background
According to Flo Milli, she was a "very depressed girl" at the time she wrote the song, and was smoking and freestyle rapping to a beat. The song sees her taking shots at her haters.

The song was first released in October 2018. It first gained traction through Instagram edit and meme videos. Rapper Dbangz showed the meme to his manager, Vonsin Faniyi, who contacted Milli about promoting the song on TikTok. Faniyi paid TikTok star Michael Pelchat (also known as Nice Michael) $200 to use the song in one of his videos. A dance to the song was created and went viral on TikTok. The success of the song led to Flo Milli signing to '94 Sounds and RCA Records. In April 2019, the song reached Number Two on Spotify's Viral 50 Chart. It was released to digital download and streaming services on June 10, 2019.

Critical reception
Critics have praised the song for its confident tone. Elias Leight of Rolling Stone gave the song a mixed review, writing, "The melody is lazy, almost nonsensical, a series of notes assembled seemingly at random. Flo Milli's lines, in contrast, are pointed and direct: 'I do what I please, and you do what I ask.'" Robby Seabrook III of XXL wrote, "Flo's spin on the song is refreshing, using her sharp-yet-fluid flow to brag, issue threats and flex."

Certifications

References

2018 songs
2019 debut singles
Flo Milli songs
Internet memes introduced in 2018

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text:
AbstractIntroductionMaterials and MethodsResultsDiscussionAcknowledgmentsReferencesCopyright
Ginseng Purified Dry Extract, BST204, Improved Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Fatigue and Toxicity in Mice
Hyun-Jung Park,1 Hyun Soo Shim,1 Jeom Yong Kim,2 Joo Young Kim,2 Sun Kyu Park,2 and Insop Shim 1
1Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
2Green Cross Health Science Co., Ltd., 474 Dunchon-daero, Jungwon-gu, Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do 462-806, Republic of Korea
Academic Editor: Michał Tomczyk
Revised21 Jan 2015
Accepted24 Jan 2015
Published07 Apr 2015
Cancer related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common side effects of cancer and its treatments. A large proportion of cancer patients experience cancer-related physical and central fatigue so new strategies are needed for treatment and improved survival of these patients. BST204 was prepared by incubating crude ginseng extract with ginsenoside-β-glucosidase. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of BST204, mixture of ginsenosides on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced CRF, the glycogen synthesis, and biochemical parameters in mice. The mice were randomly divided into the following groups: the naïve normal (normal), the HT-29 cell inoculated (xenograft), xenograft and 5-FU treated (control), xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated (100 and 200 mg/kg) (BST204), and xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil (13 mg/kg) treated group (modafinil). Running wheel activity and forced swimming test were used for evaluation of CRF. Muscle glycogen, serum inflammatory cytokines, aspartic aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CRE), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEUT), red blood cell (RBC), and hemoglobin (HGB) were measured. Treatment with BST204 significantly increased the running wheel activity and forced swimming time compared to the control group. Consistent with the behavioral data, BST204 markedly increased muscle glycogen activity and concentrations of WBC, NEUT, RBC, and HGB. Also, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), AST, ALT, and CRE levels in the serum were significantly reduced in the BST204-treated group compared to the control group. This result suggests that BST204 may improve chemotherapy-related fatigue and adverse toxic side effects.
Colorectal cancer accounts for almost 50,000 deaths each year in the United States and remains the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality [1]. While surgical resection remains the gold standard of treatment for localized disease, chemotherapy combinations with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) have led to significant improvements in survival at all stages [2–5]. However, these chemotherapies negatively impact physical and social function including cancer-related physical and central fatigue. Actually, 80–96% of chemotherapy patients are estimated to have experienced cancer related fatigue (CRF) that is characterized by a persistent and unusual sense of tiredness, weakness, need for rest, and decreased physical performance [6]. Chemotherapy is known to increase concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in cancer patients. These cytokines can influence appetite, pain, sleep disturbance, anorexia, or anemia which may interact to produce fatigue, accompanied by hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or hematosuppression in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy [7–12].
Fatigue can have a profound negative impact on a person's ability to function and quality of life [13]. In this regard, more and more attention has been paid to factors correlated with CRF [14]. So, new strategies are needed for CRF treatment without side effect.
Growing evidence shows that natural product is one of the most promising new multidisciplinary approaches for cancer therapy [15–18]. Many studies already reported the anticancer effect of ginseng [19–23]. Ginsenosides are known to be major active ingredients underlying the pharmaceutical action of ginseng. Ginsenosides are a diverse group of steroidal saponins showing the ability to target a vast range of tissues. With the recent development in the separation and analysis technology, the chemical makeup of 30 ginseng saponins has been identified up to date. Some of ginsenosides have been reported to produce anticancer effects. For example, Rh2 markedly inhibited tumor cell growth and proliferation of various cultured cancer cells and can influence apoptosis [24–28]. Rg3 also has angiosuppressive effects and antitumor properties [29]. Previously, Seo et al. reported that a fermented ginseng extract BST204, containing 10.9% of Rg3 and 7.2% of Rh2, reduced p70 S6 kinase activation on RAW 264.7 cell lines [30].
Based on the previous reports [31–43], it is possible that BST204 may reduce the severity of the common symptoms of side effects including fatigue and toxicity. However, there has been no report of BST204 on CRF and adverse toxicity such as hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or hematosuppression in 5-FU-induced CRF animal model. In the present study, we explored the effect of BST204 on 5-FU-induced CRF and the mechanisms of its action were investigated.
2.1. Cell Culture
The HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells (KCLB 30038) were kindly provided by Korea Cell Line Bank from Republic of Korea. The cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum under a 5% CO2/95% humidified air at 37°C (Sanyo, MCO-15AC, Japan), and the cells were fed on alternative days. The cells were subcultured every 3-4 d and the medium was changed every 2-3 days.
Five-week-old female Balb/c-nu/nu mice weighing 18–20 g each were purchased from Harlan Laboratories (Kyungki-do, Korea). The animals were allowed to acclimatize themselves for at least 7 days prior to the experiment. The animals were housed in individual cages under light-controlled conditions (12/12 hr light/dark cycle) and at 23°C room temperature. Food and water were made available ad libitum. All the experiments were approved by the Kyung Hee University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (A-BST204-20120101). Also, this experimental protocol was approved by an institutional review committee for the use of human or animal subjects or that procedures are in compliance with at least the Declaration of Helsinki for human subjects, or the National Institutes of Health Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Publication number 85-23, revised 1985), the UK Animals Scientific Procedures Act 1986 or the European Communities Council Directive of 24 November 1986 (86/609/EEC).
2.3. Cancer Related Fatigue (CRF) Animal Model and Drug Treatment
HT-29 (5 × 106 cells/0.2 mL/mouse) cultured in DMEM was subcutaneously injected into the right flanks of the mice. All inoculated, except phosphate buffered saline-injected normal, mice formed a tumor within 14 days. Tumor volume was measured with a digital electric caliper and calculated by the following formula: (width in mm)2 × (length in mm)/2. The treatment started when the tumor size reached 100~150 mm3.
The mice were randomly divided into the following groups: the naïve normal (Normal), the HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (10 mL/kg) (xenograft), xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle (2.5% EtOH, 2.5% Tween 20 in DW, 10 mL/kg) treated group (control), xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (100 and 200 mg/kg) (BST204), and xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil (13 mg/kg) treated group (modafinil).
Modafinil and 5-FU were dissolved in saline. Also, BST204 was dissolved in 2.5% EtOH, 2.5% Tween 20 in DW. Mice were weighed immediately prior to injection and were given the 5-FU (Choongwea Pharmaceutical, Korea) treatment in proportion to body weight (30 mg/kg) through intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections 3 times a week for 28 days for induction of CRF. A fatigue-mitigating drug, modafinil, is used as positive control for the purpose of comparison [44, 45].
Modafinil (13 mg/kg, Choongwea Pharmaceutical, Korea), BST204 (Green Cross Health Science (GCHS), batch number BST204-P-5012 (Rg3: 10.9%, Rh2: 7.2%), Korea), or saline was administrated p.o. every day for 28 days. Tumor volume was evaluated twice a week after drug treatment [2, 3]. Experimental schedule is depicted in Figure 1.
2.4. Preparation of Fermented Ginseng Extract, BST204
BST204 was gifted from GCHS Co. Ltd. (Seongnam, Korea). It was manufactured according to a patent technology and the previously reported study [20]. Briefly, the harvested ginseng was extracted with ethanol repeatedly followed by reaction with an enzyme containing ginsenoside-β-glucosidase. After acid hydrolysis of the residue, the reactant was purified with HP-20 resin followed by washing out with distilled water and finally 95% ethanol. Ninety-five % of ethanol fractions, consisting Rg3 and Rh2, were concentrated and were designated as BST204.
2.5. Running Wheel Activity
Running wheel activity was used to estimate the voluntary activity of the animals as the parameter of CRF. All animals were adapted to voluntary running wheel activity test prior to drug treatment for 5 min. Mice were tested for wheel running activity on 13th and 27th day after drug treatment for 10 min. During assessing the VWRA, all mice were acclimated to the testing room and examined running wheel activity for 10 minutes and calculated in running. The apparatus was placed in a darkened, light and sound attenuated and ventilated testing room. The voluntary running wheels were equipped with counters that recorded distance traveled and time spent running (Jeungdo B&P, Seoul, Korea). Revolutions of the wheel were counted and recorded for 10 min. Running distance was measured on 27th day after first 5-FU treatment. Running distance was calculated as follows: Running distance = circumference (31 cm × 3.14) × number of wheels/10 min.
2.6. Forced Swimming
A transparent water bath (500 × 500 × 400 mm), which maintained the designated temperature and water level, was filled with warm water of °C and the animals were forced to swimming test on the 24th day. The apparatus was placed in a darkened, light and sound attenuated and ventilated testing room. At the end of treatment with 5-FU, the swimming test was examined in mice for 10 minutes. The total swimming time was recorded right after they were judged to be unable to swim due to total exhaustion, assessed when mice failed to rise to the surface of water for breath within a 10 s period. Data showed percentage of normal. The observers were blinded to drug treatments in behavioral tests. Mice were forced to swim until fatigue, defined as failure to rise to the surface of the water to breathe within an 8-s period. The time until fatigue was recorded [46].
2.7. Biochemical Analysis of Blood
On day 17 of experiment from 5-FU treatment, blood was collected from the orbital plexus. Blood samples were centrifuged at 10,000 g for 10 min at 4°C. Separated serum was transferred to another Eppendorf tube. Level of hepatotoxicity (ALT, AST, and Cre) was analyzed using the Serum Chemistry Kit (HITACHI 7180, Japan).
After sacrifice, blood was collected by a syringe from the abdominal aorta and immediately transferred into K2EDTA tubes (BD Microtainer, USA). White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEU), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), IL-6 and TNF-α were measured and analyzed by ADVIA 2120 (SIEMENS, USA). Biomarkers were measured through Elisa kit of the Bioassay System (Bioassay system, CA, USA Koma Biotech, CAS# number K0331186P, CAS# number K0331230P, Seoul, Korea). The detection was made through the ELISA Reader (Bio-Rad 680, CA, USA).
2.8. Glycogen Measurement
At the end of drug treatment, mice were fasted for 12 h prior to obtain fasted blood and muscle harvest. After sacrifice, 0.1 g of femoral muscles tissue was extracted and placed in a 1 mL PRO-PREPTM protein extraction solution homogenized by homogenizer (IKA T10 basic). The tissue samples were centrifuged at 20,000 ×g for 10 min at 4°C. The supernatant was transferred to another tube and was analyzed by ELISA kit of the Bioassay System. Absorbance was measured at 540 nm in a microplate reader (Bio-Rad 680, CA, USA).
The values of experimental results were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. Group differences were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the LSD post hoc test. In all instances, values of were considered to be significant. Analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software (version 18.0) for Windows.
All mice exposed to a voluntary running wheel test on the 13th day (Figure 2(a); , ), 27th day (Figure 2(b); , ). As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), running wheel activity in the control group was significantly decreased compared to the normal group (13th day: , 27th day: ). However, a significant increase in running wheel activity was observed in BST204-treated or modafinil treated mice, compared to only 5-FU treated control mice. Increased running wheel activities of animals were considered as decreased physical fatigue.
(a) Adaptation
(b) Running wheel activity (13th day after drug treatment)
(c) Running wheel activity (27th day after drug treatment)
Voluntary running wheel activity during three days recorded before drug treatment as a baseline value (a), the 13th day (b), and the 27th day after drug treatment (c). Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
The swimming test: the ability of mice to cope with a physical fatigue was evaluated (, ). As shown in Figure 3, the animals displaying increased swimming periods were considered as decreased physical fatigue. The control group showed decreased swimming time compared to the normal group in the FST (). Also, the BST204-treated or modafinil treated mice showed increase of swimming time during 10 min the test than that of the control (BST100, ; BST200, ).
The effects of BST204 and modafinil with 5-FU treatment on forced swimming test. Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , , compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
3.3. Glycogen Measurement and Biochemical Analysis of Blood
On the last day of the experiment, the femoral muscle was examined in order to estimate the amount of glycogen in the body, which greatly influences the amount of fatigue felt by the individual or animal. The levels of muscle glycogen were significantly different among the groups (Figure 4(a); , ). The level of glycogen in the control group was significantly decreased, compared to the normal group (). However, treatment of BST204 resulted in markedly increased levels of glycogen compared to the control group (BST100, ; BST200, ). The serum levels of cytokines were significantly different among the groups (Figure 4(b), TNF-α, , ; Figure 4(c), IL-6; , ). The serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in the control group compared to the normal group. However, the treatment of BST204 or modafinil markedly decreased levels of cytokines compared to the control groups ().
(a) Muscle glycogen activity (mg/g)
(b) TNF-α activity (pg/mL)
(c) IL-6 activity (pg/mL)
The effects of BST204 and modafinil with 5-FU treatment on glycogen synthesis (a), TNF-α (b), and IL-6 (c). Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , , and compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
The levels of biochemical parameters were significantly different among the groups (Figures 5(a)–5(c)). The results indicated that serum levels of AST (Figure 5(a); , ), ALT (Figure 5(b); , ), and Cre (Figure 5(c); , ) were significantly increased in the control group compared to the normal group. However, treatment with BST204 200 mg/kg markedly decreased levels of AST, ALT, and Cre compared to the control group.
(a) AST (IU/L)
(b) ALT (IU/L)
(c) Cre (mg/dL)
The effects of BST204 and modafinil with 5-FU treatment on AST (a), ALT (b), and Cre (c). Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
The levels of WBC (Figure 6(a); , ), NEUT (Figure 6(b); , ), RBC (Figure 6(c); , ), and HGB (Figure 6(d); , ) were significantly increased in the BST204 200 mg/kg treated group compared with control group. The levels of WBC were significantly reduced in 5-FU treated group (). However, in the BST treated groups the levels of WBC were dose-dependently increased (). The levels of RBC were significantly reduced in 5-FU treated group (). However, in the BST treated groups the levels of RBC were dose-dependently increased (). The levels of HGB were significantly reduced in 5-FU treated group (). However, the levels of HGB were increased in the BST high dose treated groups ().
(a) WBC ()
(b) NEUT ()
(c) RBC ()
(d) HGB ()
The effects of BST204 and modafinil with 5-FU treatment on WBC (a), NEUT (b), RBC (c), and Hgb (d). Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , , and compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
3.4. The Tumor Volume
An ANOVA (5 × 9, tumor volume × time) performed on the tumor volume of the cancer revealed a significant group difference (, ) on the effect of time (, ) and a group × time interaction (, ). Until the end of the experiment, the tumor volume in combined 5-FU and drug group was much smaller than that of xenograft group, as well as BST204 group and modafinil group () (Figure 7). Tumor size is not significantly correlated with its cytokine, glycogen, and biochemical markers. 5-FU treatment reduced tumor size but its cytokine level was not affected.
The effects of BST204 and modafinil with 5-FU treatment on tumor size. Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. , , and compared to the normal and , , and compared to the control group. Naïve normal (normal); HT-29 cell inoculated + saline treated group (xenograft). Xenograft + 5-FU + vehicle treated group (control); xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated group (BST204). Xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil treated group (modafinil).
This study proved that the treatment with BST204 produced a significant decrease of physical fatigue in the running wheel activity and forced swimming test at the 27th day compared to that of the control group. Consistent with the behavioral data, BST204 markedly increased muscle glycogen activity and levels of WBC, NEUT, RBC, and HGB. Also it reduced 5-FU-induced TNF-α, IL-6, AST, ALT, and CRE levels, which are more effective than a positive control [47]. This result suggests that BST204 may improve chemotherapy-related fatigue and adverse toxic side effects.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a pyrimidine analog widely used as anticancer drug for different types of solid tumors [48–50]. Clinical use of 5-FU has been limited by its systemic toxicity [51–53], its tendency to induce drug resistance, and the difficulty of delivering and maintaining locally effective therapeutic concentrations [53–55]. Cancer related fatigue was induced by cancer itself or cancer chemotherapy.
Voluntary wheel running activity and swimming tests have been widely used as a measure of cancer related fatigue in animal models [8, 56–58]. 5-FU, a standard chemotherapy drug, is well known to reduce voluntary wheel running activity in mice. Decreases in voluntary activity and forced swimming test measured in the present study demonstrated that 5-FU chemotherapy produced fatigue in animal, consistent with a previous report [59] showing that the 30 mg/kg 5-FU significantly decreased such behaviors [56]. All animals were adapted to voluntary running wheel activity test for three days before drug treatment. We confirmed that wheel running activity measured during baseline among groups was not significantly different before the start of the experiment, as seen in Figure 2(a). These results suggest that the observed differences in VWRA among groups after drug may not influenced by group differences at the start of the experiment. In the current study, wheel running activity was assessed on 13th and 27th day of drug treatment for evaluation of fatigue, since previous and our pilot data demonstrated that tumor size after inoculation peaked on 4 weeks [60–62].
For assessing the VWRA, all mice were acclimated to the testing room for 5 minutes and examined running wheel activity for 10 minutes during the dark period. The pattern of wheel running activity among the experimental groups was very stable on the 13th and 27th day, respectively, as shown in Figure 2(b). Our results demonstrated that there were no significant differences and produced a very stable pattern among groups on days 13 and 27, suggesting that 5-FU can reduce voluntary wheel running activity in mice and this animal model is well established to evaluate the drug efficacy.
In our study, the running wheel activity and swimming time in the 5-FU treated control group were reduced compared to the normal group. However, treatment of BST204 significantly increased wheel activity and swimming time and glycogen synthesis of leg muscle similar to modafinil.
Chemotherapy drugs are toxins and may cause liver or kidney damage. Liver damage, also known as hepatotoxicity, causes the critical organ to underfunction. Also, high creatinine levels should be cautious when evaluating chemotherapy as a cancer treatment. It is reported that physiological changes of fatigue were closely related to increases in AST, ALT, and CRE levels, causing significant liver and kidney burden [63–65]. In the present study, AST, ALT, and CRE levels were measured in order to evaluate liver and kidney damage, respectively. 5-FU-induced levels of AST, ALT, and CRE were significantly reduced by treatment with BST204. Previous studies reported the preventive effect of ginsenoside Rg3 against hepatic and renal injury [66–71]. It has been shown that Rh2 has an antiapoptotic [72], anticancer effects [73] through inhibition of human hepatoma cell apoptosis [73]. Therefore, repeated administration of BST204, consisting of both components, Rg3 and Rh2, may have a synergistic effect for regulating cancer related fatigue.
In the cancer context, inflammation may be induced by common cancer treatments, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) are elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC), showing the presence of an active and permanent inflammatory state [74]. The rationale behind this includes the idea that cancer and chemotherapy can stimulate the release of peripheral proinflammatory cytokines. Cancer patients experience loss of appetite, pain, sleep disturbance, anorexia, and fatigue undergoing chemotherapy. The present study confirms that chemotherapy can increase levels of proinflammatory cytokines which can cause symptoms of fatigue, consistent with another animal study [75]. Similar to the current results, in animal models of sickness behavior, prolonged production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β can also lead to a variety of symptoms including fat and muscle wasting and behavioral changes similar to symptoms of depression that also occur in cancer patients [7–10]. The increase of proinflammatory cytokine coexists with psychological complaints, which can include depression and anxiety [76–79]. In the clinical studies, cancer patients and survivors will not be eligible for or interested in treatment with cytokine antagonists or other pharmacotherapies [80, 81].
Cancer related fatigue is a common problem undergoing treatment for cancer and may endure for months or years following completion of treatment in some patients. Fatigue has a negative impact on mood, social relationships, daily activities, and overall quality of life among both cancer patients and survivors. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms underlying the onset and persistence of fatigue among cancer patients have not been determined. Although a variety of biological mechanisms have been proposed, the few studies to assess biological parameters (e.g., hematocrit, hemoglobin, albumin, and thyroid hormone) have typically not found a correlation with fatigue. Cancer related behavioral comorbidities such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and depression have also been associated with inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, and other neuroendocrine changes [82]. In particular, proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α may be released as part of the host response to the tumor or in response to tissue damage or depletion of immune cell subsets associated with cancer treatment [83, 84]. Some investigators report elevated plasma levels of certain proinflammatory cytokines [85–87], for example, TNF-α [88, 89], supporting a role for cytokine driven inflammation. Recently, many studies reported the remedy effect of herbal medicine. P. ginseng is a popular herbal remedy that has been used in eastern Asian countries for treatment of various health-related complaints [90–93]. Also, ginsenosides have been reported to exhibit various biological activities, including antiallergic [94, 95], anti-inflammatory action [96], and antitumor effect [97–101]. A clinical study also proved antifatigue effects of panax ginseng Meyer [20]. Previous studies reported that Rg3 has the antioxidant effect and promotes the immune response in the mice [102–104]. Rh2 can inhibit inflammatory cytokines in the LPS-induced raw 264.7 macrophage cell line and microglia [105–108]. Consistent with previous studies, we found that the administration of BST204 inhibited secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6. These results support the idea that the inhibitory effect of BST204 against CRF is mediated through inhibition of inflammatory systems.
Many of cancer patients experience anemia, which may contribute to CRF. Also, a study of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer, lung cancer, or ovarian demonstrated a correlation between increased symptoms of fatigue and abnormally low levels of hemoglobin, especially during chemotherapy. The present study examined this possibility and demonstrated that treatment of BST204 recovered 5-FU-induced hematosuppression, evidenced by increasing hematologic parameters, WBC, NEUT, RBC, and HGB. The results of the present study indicate that anemia may develop in response to 5-FU and may contribute CRF in the present mice model. The biological factors include lower levels of red [109] and white blood cells, cytokine dysregulation, lower hemoglobin levels, cancer-related treatments [110], and disease status [111]. However, the present study demonstrated that BST204 significantly prevented 5-FU-induced anemia, suggesting that the inhibitory effects of BST204 on CRF can be explained by its promotion of hematopoiesis. However, further studies are needed to examine more precise mechanisms underlying enhancing effects of BST204 on hematopoiesis.
One of the most prescribed drugs for management of CRF is modafinil. Modafinil is a stimulant with a selective site of action in the brain that is better tolerated than other drugs [1]. However, adverse effects of modafinil treatment were reported such as headache, infection, nausea, nervousness, anxiety, and insomnia, all of which were generally mild [2]. In the present study, modafinil was used as a positive control in order to compare its efficacy with BST204. It has been shown that BST204 was more effective in reducing CRF responses than modafinil treatment.
These findings suggest that BST204 may improve cancer related fatigue via regulation of inflammatory responses and hematopoiesis. Further research is needed to develop a better understanding of pathology of CRF and to discover effective interventions to preserve muscle mass and reduce fatigue related responses in mice.
The authors declare no conflict of interests.
This work is supported by the MOTIE (Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy) R&D Program, Republic of Korea (Grant no. 10039320) and the 2013 research leave program grant from Kyung Hee University.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Saturday, August 21 on Grand Isle, LA, we went out on an offshore charter to get the perspective of the local fishermen who depend on these waters for their survival. While we were offshore, our Captain, Kenny Heikamp told us his first-hand experiences and heart breaking stories of the birds that were the caught up in the oil from the BP spill.
These are photos that Kenny took with his phone on his boat during the peak of the oil spill's impacts off Grand Isle. He has been up close and personal with these impacts in a way that few others have.
The birds of this coastal region are every bit a part of the spirit of the communities as the people and the fish. During our short time on the water, we saw some remarkable aerial displays by birds in the area. Something about their presence makes the experience of being out on the water more soothing. It's hard to imagine how difficult it must have been for these birds and the brave individuals charged with saving them from this disaster. Kenny's testimony underscores this tragic consequence of the spill.
Thank you, Kenny for sharing this side of the story with us.


text:
The Drive-In Theater »
Movie Theaters and Drive-In's »
Message #9415
Author Topic: Movie Theaters and Drive-In's (Read 1678 times)
First Drive-In Theater
Jun 6, 1933:
First drive-in movie theater opens
Note Google Doodle today
On this day in 1933, eager motorists park their automobiles on the grounds of Park-In Theaters, the first-ever drive-in movie theater, located on Crescent Boulevard in Camden, New Jersey.
Park-In Theaters--the term "drive-in" came to be widely used only later--was the brainchild of Richard Hollingshead, a movie fan and a sales manager at his father's company, Whiz Auto Products, in Camden. Reportedly inspired by his mother's struggle to sit comfortably in traditional movie theater seats, Hollingshead came up with the idea of an open-air theater where patrons watched movies in the comfort of their own automobiles. He then experimented in the driveway of his own house with different projection and sound techniques, mounting a 1928 Kodak projector on the hood of his car, pinning a screen to some trees, and placing a radio behind the screen for sound. He also tested ways to guard against rain and other inclement weather, and devised the ideal spacing arrangement for a number of cars so that all would have a view of the screen.
The young entrepreneur received a patent for the concept in May of 1933 and opened Park-In Theaters, Inc. less than a month later, with an initial investment of $30,000. Advertising it as entertainment for the whole family, Hollingshead charged 25 cents per car and 25 cents per person, with no group paying more than one dollar. The idea caught on, and after Hollingshead's patent was overturned in 1949, drive-in theaters began popping up all over the country. One of the largest was the All-Weather Drive-In of Copiague, New York, which featured parking space for 2,500 cars, a kid's playground and a full service restaurant, all on a 28-acre lot.
Drive-in theaters showed mostly B-movies--that is, not Hollywood's finest fare--but some theaters featured the same movies that played in regular theaters. The initially poor sound quality--Hollingshead had mounted three speakers manufactured by RCA Victor near the screen--improved, and later technology made it possible for each car's to play the movie's soundtrack through its FM radio. The popularity of the drive-in spiked after World War II and reached its heyday in the late 1950s to mid-60s, with some 5,000 theaters across the country. Drive-ins became an icon of American culture, and a typical weekend destination not just for parents and children but also for teenage couples seeking some privacy. Since then, however, the rising price of real estate, especially in suburban areas, combined with the growing numbers of walk-in theaters and the rise of video rentals to curb the growth of the drive-in industry. Today, fewer than 500 drive-in theaters survive in the United States.
« Last Edit: June 06, 2012, 01:22:24 pm by Mac »
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text:
Artful Ancestry: Art gallery hosts 'Heritage Habitats,' an installation by Ginger Owen-Murakami and Vicki VanAmeyden's
TAMUC Photo
Dhenai Tunstall, Staff Reporter
On Tuesday, October 25, 2016 Texas A&M University–Commerce's very own art gallery was able to exhibit the work of Ginger Owen-Murakami and Vicki VanAmeyden. Incorporated within the artist statement, "Heritage Habitats is a series of physical spaces for the contemplation and invocation of ancestry." Composed of kites, cairns, and hankies, Heritage Habitats portrayed the generational ancestry of the artists.
When first entering the gallery, what stood out the most was the large number of white kites strewn across a large area of the gallery. Imprinted on the kites were pictures that looked like something you would find in a history book. Around the same time, both artists, Owen-Murakami and VanAmeyden received old photo albums from their grandparents due to death; Owen-Murakami received hers from her grandmother and VanAmeyden from her grandfather.
Although the kites would be perceived as the heart of the gallery, if it weren't for the cairns, there wouldn't have been a large scale of work. Artist VanAmeyden explains that the piece first started with the cairns, but the material wasn't right, and they wanted to keep exploring their options. The kites were a better fit and the pictures were more easily identifiable. As kites can't float by themselves, the source of them is a solid white dress fit for a small child way back when. The dress actually came about because Owen-Murakami was taking a sewing class. As the "umbilical cord-like lines," stream from the girl's dress, the kites are to represent the images of her ancestry that makes up her diverse background. The photos plastered on the kites were the photos that each of the artists received form their grandparents.
Speaking with VanAmeyden, she was able to point out one kite that had a picture of her grandfather, and another kite housed a photo of her at a year old in the arms of her parents. The handkerchiefs were colorful pieces of fabric that had a "western world viewpoint." Implemented through the domestic lens, the images on the hankies displayed "symbols of humanity that tie and bond people worldwide." The images used for this dimension of the gallery were appropriated from National Geographic subscription magazines from the 1920s.
The inspiration of Heritage Habitats was that Owen-Murakami and VanAmeyden wanted to create a large-scale work that was personal and connected to their history, as each of them were close to their grandparents. For VanAmeyden, it was her 2nd professional piece. The artists, although talented individual artists, felt as if they were stronger together and wanted to collaborate to create something that was important to the both of them.
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text:
А́ин А́леф (; род. 22 марта 1967, Москва, СССР) — американо-французская певица русского происхождения, профессиональная пианистка, автор и исполнитель своих песен.

Биография
Аин Алеф родилась в Москве, в возрасте четырёх лет начала обучаться игре на фортепиано. В 1982 году она поступает в музыкальное училище при Московской консерватории .  Однако в 1990 году она покидает Россию, чтобы расширить горизонты своей музыкальной карьеры, и в 1992-м обустраивается в Париже.

В 2008 году Аин выступала на фестивале готической музыки Wave-Gotik-Treffen, а в 2014 — в Бельгии на знаменитом фестивале Metal Female Voices Fest.

На сегодняшний момент Ayin Aleph выпущено 6 клипов, которые успешно транслируются на телеканале альтернативной музыки A-ONE

23 сентября 2009 года Ayin Aleph выпустила DVD с клипом на песню «Greed»

Дискография
 2007, 1 января — «Ayin Aleph I»
 2008, 7 марта — «Ayin Aleph I pt. II»
 2008, 19 августа — «Ayin Aleph II — Rock edition»
 2009, 5 января (2010, Февраль — в Европе) — «Ayin Aleph II»
 2011 — «Ayin Aleph III»

Интересные факты
 При создании первого альбома ей помогали именитые музыканты из известных групп, таких как Misanthrope, Paradise Lost, которые в данный момент входят в состав группы Ayin Aleph.
 Все аранжировки, кроме ударных, сочиняет сама исполнительница.
 В некоторых композициях в хоре присутствует более 150 голосов, причём записанных самой Аин, а также до 18 роялей, 6—8 гитар и 3—4 басов.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт Ayin Aleph
 Ayin Aleph на last.fm
 Интервью с Ayin Aleph (Darkside.ru)

Выпускники Академического музыкального колледжа при Московской консерватории