text:
Environmental exposures early in life modify immune responses
The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly over the last decades, creating substantial financial and societal burdens. Due to this, researchers are trying to discover new approaches to the prevention and treatment of these diseases. A new PhD thesis from the University of Eastern Finland shows that there is a link between immune responses and diverse early life exposures, such as obstetric factors, farm dust and air pollution. Some changes in immune responses are visible up until adolescence.
There is strong evidence that different exposures early in life can alter the risk of allergic diseases. One of these exposures is farming. Exposure to the farm environment in childhood, and even prenatally, has been shown to decrease the risk of allergic diseases. On the other hand, being born by caesarean section is recognised as a risk factor. The roles of other obstetric factors are less studied. Another harmful exposure is air pollution, and especially exposure to particulate matter, which has been shown to increase asthma prevalence and exacerbations in children. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, causing a delay in the development of asthma-preventive strategies.
Earlier studies have shown that immunological development and maturation starts already during pregnancy and in early childhood. Therefore, exposure at this critical point of immune development may modify immune responses and cells, and thus influence the risk of allergies and other immune diseases.
The study explored how different exposures during pregnancy, birth or childhood modulate asthma-related immune responses in children. The study focused on three different exposures: one that is asthma-protective (farming) and two that predispose to asthma (caesarean section and air pollution).
"We studied whether circulating dendritic cells associate with farming, asthma or atopy, whether obstetric factors affect immune responses at teenage in children born by caesarean section, and whether farm dust and urban air particulate matter have immunomodulatory effects on children's circulating immune cells," says Early Stage Researcher Maria-Viola Martikainen, MSc, from the University of Eastern Finland.
To answer these questions, the researchers studied associations between exposures and immunological responses. Circulating dendritic cell subsets of farm and non-farm children were examined at the age of 6 to assess whether they mediated the protective effect of farm exposure. Cytokine secretion of unstimulated and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs, at teenage were examined to identify whether obstetric factors alter immune responses later in life. PBMCs of 4-year-old children were stimulated with farm dust and size-segregated particulate matter to discover shared and distinct immune pathways between two different environmental exposures.
The studied environmental exposures were associated with asthma-related immune responses. Inverse association between farm exposure and one of the subsets studied, and the association between this subset and asthma in farm children, suggested that this subset plays a role in farm-related immunoregulation. On the other hand, the lack of natural birth processes during delivery and neonatal intensive care treatment seemed to lead to long-lasting alterations of immune responses. The observed stimulatory effects of farm dust and inhibitory effects of particulate matter on immune responses indicate that these exposures could modify responses towards respiratory pathogens and allergens, and partly explain differences in asthma prevalence between the studied environments.
The study demonstrated associations between diverse early life exposures and immune responses, both ex vivo and in vitro. Some changes in immune responses seemed to be observable up to teenage. The study revealed some of the potential immunological mechanisms behind different exposures and advanced knowledge of immune mechanisms that either protect from or predispose to asthma. Moreover, the developed methodological approach offered a new perspective, which could be used when studying environment-related immune diseases and their mechanisms. These studies suggest that acquiring comparable data from various exposure environments could lead to the discovery of new immunological pathways and provide novel tools for risk assessment and for the development of preventive strategies.
The findings were originally reported in Allergy, American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, and Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.
The doctoral dissertation, entitled The development of immune responses and allergic diseases - The role of prenatal and early life exposures, is available for download at: http://epublications.uef.fi/pub/urn_isbn_978-952-61-2940-2/urn_isbn_978-952-61-2940-2.pdf
Early Stage Researcher Maria-Viola Martikainen, University of Eastern Finland, tel. +358 50 568 7190, maria.martikainen@uef.fi
Research article:
Martikainen MV, RönkköT J, Schaub B, Täubel M, Gu C, Wong G CK, Li J, Pekkanen J, Komppula M, Hirvonen M-R, Jalava PI, Roponen M. (2018) Integrating farm dust and urban air PM studies in search for human immunoregulatory mechanisms operating in protective and high-risk environments. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.2018 Aug 28. doi: 10.1111/pai.12975. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pai.12975
University of Eastern Finland
Related Asthma Articles from Brightsurf:
Breastfeeding and risks of allergies and asthma
In an Acta Paediatrica study, exclusive breastfeeding for the first 3 months was linked with a lower risk of respiratory allergies and asthma when children reached 6 years of age.
Researchers make asthma breakthrough
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin have made a breakthrough that may eventually lead to improved therapeutic options for people living with asthma.
Physics vs. asthma
A research team from the MIPT Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases has collaborated with colleagues from the U.S., Canada, France, and Germany to determine the spatial structure of the CysLT1 receptor.
New knowledge on the development of asthma
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have studied which genes are expressed in overactive immune cells in mice with asthma-like inflammation of the airways.
Eating fish may help prevent asthma
A scientist from James Cook University in Australia says an innovative study has revealed new evidence that eating fish can help prevent asthma.
Academic performance of urban children with asthma worse than peers without asthma
A new study published in Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology shows urban children with poorly controlled asthma, particularly those who are ethnic minorities, also suffer academically.
Asthma Controller Step Down Yardstick -- treatment guidance for when asthma improves
The focus for asthma treatment is often stepping up treatment, but clinicians need to know how to step down therapy when symptoms improve.
Asthma management tools improve asthma control and reduce hospital visits
A set of comprehensive asthma management tools helps decrease asthma-related visits to the emergency department, urgent care or hospital and improves patients' asthma control.
Asthma linked to infertility but not among women taking regular asthma preventers
Women with asthma who only use short-acting asthma relievers take longer to become pregnant than other women, according to research published in the European Respiratory Journal.
What are the best ways to diagnose and manage asthma?
A team of experts from The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston examined the current information available from many different sources on diagnosing and managing mild to moderate asthma in adults and summarized them.
Read More: Asthma News and Asthma Current Events


text:
(#51-) July 2018 -
(#1-50) May 2012 - June 2018
2020 - October - December
2020 - July - September
2020 - April - June
Pixel Q&A >
Pixel Q&A - Wayne Imlach, Lead Designer, Wip3out
Landmark Levels >
Landmark Levels: Gran Turismo - Grand Valley Speedway
Pixel Hi-Score Duel >
Pixel Hi-Score Duel #6 - Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped (PS)
Pixel Timeout >
All That Glitters: Ten Memorable PlayStation Trophies
Pixel Memories
Pixel Preview
PS4 reviews >
Black Mirror (PS4) review
Streets of Rage 4 (PS4) review
The Sexy Brutale (PS4) review
PS reviews
Dreamcast reviews >
Surf Rocket Racers (DC) review
Crazy Taxi (DC) review
Spawn: In The Demon's Hand (DC) review
32X reviews
Mega-CD reviews
Mega Drive reviews
Master System reviews
Game Gear reviews
Wii U reviews >
Hello Kitty Kruisers (WIIU) review
Sonic Lost World (WIIU) review
Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker (WIIU) review
GameCube reviews
SNES reviews
NES reviews
Game Boy Advance reviews
Game Boy reviews
Xbox One reviews >
Quantum Break (XONE) review
Carrion (XONE) review
A Plague Tale: Innocence (XONE) review
PC (2000-) reviews
PC (1980-1999) reviews
Other (A-M)
Amstrad >
Amstrad GX4000 reviews
Amstrad CPC reviews
Atari >
Atari ST reviews
Atari 2600 reviews
Commodore >
Amiga reviews
Commodore 64 reviews
Other (N-Z)
NEC >
PC-FX reviews
PC Engine reviews
Panasonic 3DO reviews
ZX Spectrum reviews
Pixel Vault
The Pixel Gallery
Like Films?
search The Pixel Empire
TELLTALE GAMES: A RETROSPECTIVE
"A retrospective look at the rise and fall of Telltale Games. Shane looks at how the studio, formed from a small team of ex-LucasArts developers, modernised the narrative adventure with The Walking Dead, before their decline and eventual closure in 2018"
Posted 23rd January 2019.
By Shane Battams © 2019
Throughout the years a myriad of creative teams behind our favourite games have closed their doors, be it due to poor sales, publisher's cost-cutting or even factors relating to the economy. But when Telltale Games announced their closure in September 2018, the gaming world was left stunned. While perhaps creatively stagnating by this point, their fortunes had ensured plentiful work from the likes of DC, Marvel and Minecraft. And while it has come to light that poor management and declining sales were among the factors of Telltale's collapse, they were a studio that had a profound effect on the way I looked at storytelling in games.
Telltale formed out of the ashes of the dwindling adventure genre. After the rise of action-oriented shooters like Doom and the over-saturation of Myst-style point and clicks, publishers began to decline proposed adventure titles, including LucasArts, whose canning of a new Sam & Max game would trigger the formation of a new studio. Kevin Bruner, Dan Connors and Troy Molander left LucasArts and formed Telltale, focusing on the faded genre while using what was, at the time, a forward-thinking episodic format. Over the ensuing six years, Telltale would make relatively low-key projects, including adaptations of the Bone comic book, CSI tie-ins and even a new Sam & Max, continuing the series LucasArts had originally shelved. But by 2010, Telltale had begun working with valuable movie licenses in the form of Back to the Future and Jurassic Park, and while neither was a complete critical success, it seemed like Telltale was beginning to find their niche.
The Walking Dead established an effective combination of storytelling and puzzling, which would form the blueprint for Telltale's other games.
It wasn't until 2012 that Telltale would finally break out as a mainstream developer, with their five-episode run of The Walking Dead. Improving upon the gameplay found in previous TT efforts, the adaptation of Robert Kirkman's comic was a critical and commercial success, garnering high scores and Game of the Year awards. It's a game that I hold close to my heart, as it marked the first game since 2008's Lost Odyssey to harbour such an affecting and emotional story, that I shed tears. It stood out thanks to avoiding the third-person/first-person shooter tropes which, ironically, killed the genre to begin with, and by removing the illogical and challenging puzzles, it had a better chance at mainstream appeal. Bolstered not only by the hit TV show of the time, it also marked a key moment for storytelling in gaming, which has since become an integral part of the medium in its modern guise. Telltale had made it to prominence, seemingly securing themselves as a mainstay developer.
Tough decisions were a staple of Telltale's branching narratives. Did you side with the herd, or go your own way?
However, things were starting to decline before they'd even released their next game. Several key members of staff departed Telltale, including The Walking Dead's lead writer Sean Vanaman. Despite this, they'd scored another comic-book property in the form of The Wolf Among Us, a hard-hitting and gritty episodic adventure based on the Vertigo comic Fables. It was a respectable outing, but not only did it rely on a more obscure license, it left a lot of fans uneasy with a nine month wait before its full completion, compared to the seven months it took to wrap up The Walking Dead's first season. But this was not Telltale's only project, as in December 2013, a second season for The Walking Dead debuted. It's possible the crossover affected each season, as juggling two development projects at once, while financially more profitable, often leads to over-saturation and staff burnout. It was likely the start of Telltale's troubles.
OUR FIVE FAVOURITE TELLTALE GAMES
SHANE'S TOP FIVE:
1. The Walking Dead: Season One
2. Tales From The Borderlands
3. The Wolf Among Us
4. The Walking Dead: Season Two
5. Sam & Max Save The World
TOM'S TOP FIVE:
1. The Walking Dead: Season One
2. Batman: The Telltale Series
3. The Walking Dead: Michonne
Between 2012 and 2018, Telltale made thirteen separate seasons (fourteen if you include The Waking Dead's remastered collection) and this naturally led to a creative decline. It's not unlike the problems which plagued Guitar Hero, as after several instalments of varying quality in 2009, the series had stagnated. Players would often wait for a complete season, as not only does it mean no downtime between episodes, but significant sale discounts have often become available by the time it's fully launched, which likely contributed to declining sales of each new season. Metacritic averages for each season dropped, and it seemed like the extraordinary highs of TWD: Season One were a thing of the past.
Telltale's investment in licensed episodic seasons was also a costly gamble. The Walking Dead's acclaim naturally led to further seasons, but they would also score more comic book properties with Batman and Guardians of the Galaxy, as well as HBO's Game of Thrones, and Borderlands. While this would often give the games a boost thanks to name recognition, licensing these franchises is always more costly than creating an original I.P. Sales of ensuing seasons proved poor, particularly for the surprisingly dull Game of Thrones, leading to ever-decreasing returns. The Minecraft seasons were predictably lucrative, but also marked a creative low for Telltale, something made purely to make a quick buck off of the millions enamoured with the craze. By the time of Telltale's demise, more projects were leaked including Stranger Things and further Minecraft, but it was a case of too little, too late.
As Telltale expanded, they would base ventures around TV series and games. They were a mixed bag, with Tales From The Borderlands proving a highlight
But, for me, what held Telltale back the most was their stubborn reusing of the Telltale Tool. Every project since their inception has used this engine, and while it has naturally received improvements and tweaks, it seemed a constant thorn in their side. Games published on the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 were plagued with frame rate woes and technical bugs, and while the move to next-gen hardware would smooth over some of these kinks, there were still long-standing issues which took some of the shine off all their games. Lip-synching was never a good fit, animation was often stiff and rigid, and the same bugs persisted, season after season. Not even an overhaul in 2016 could help, as both Batman and The Walking Dead: A New Frontier struggled with performance issues and technical woes. If you continue to disappoint consumers with the same problems, eventually they will stop buying the games – especially at launch, a pivotal sales point.
But these negatives aside, Telltale's closure is still saddening. There's the fact that hundreds find themselves without work, very little medical benefits and an absence of post-layoff support (which has led to a class action lawsuit). It will likely leave several projects (including a new Wolf Among Us season and a Stranger Things adventure) unfinished forever, and it marks the death of a developer who raised the profile of storytelling in modern gaming. The Walking Dead, despite technical foibles, was arguably the best narrative adventure of its time, coming out before the likes of The Last of Us, which would take this concept even further. It paved the way for episodic gaming, including Dontnod's tremendous success with Life is Strange. Most of all, for a lot of gamers, myself included, their games gave us many hilarious, sad, and striking memories that helped to define a generation of gaming experiences.
"The Walking Dead, despite technical foibles, was arguably the best narrative adventure of its time, influencing the likes of The Last of Us and Life Is Strange... Telltale's games have given us many hilarious, sad, and striking memories that helped to define a generation of gaming experiences."
Copyright © The Pixel Empire 2021

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Johannes Larcher Named Head of HBO Max International
WarnerMedia Sets Kids' EMEA Leadership Team
Vanessa Brookman Named Head of Kids EMEA, WarnerMedia
Johannes Larcher
Mercedes Milligan
WarnerMedia, a division of AT&T Inc., today announced that Johannes Larcher will join the company in August as Head of HBO Max International. He will report to Gerhard Zeiler, Chief Revenue Officer, WarnerMedia & President, WarnerMedia International Networks.
"I got to know Johannes as a passionate entrepreneur. His leadership skills, together with his strong direct-to-consumer and digital experience, international business foundations and tech expertise give him the perfect background to drive the growth of HBO Max beyond the United States," said Zeller.
Larcher will be responsible for the international rollout and management of WarnerMedia's direct-to-consumer product HBO Max, which launched successfully in the U.S. on May 27, 2020. His first focus will be the launch in Latin America, which is expected in 2021.
Larcher will work closely with Whit Richardson, President, WarnerMedia Entertainment Networks, Latin America and Priya Dogra, President, WarnerMedia Entertainment Networks, EMEA & APAC.
"Living at the crossroads of digital technology and content, I'm thrilled to help create unforgettable entertainment experiences for consumers in international markets and make HBO Max an indispensable streaming service around the world," commented Larcher.
Johannes Larcher currently serves as Managing Director, Digital at MBC Group, the Middle East's leading media company based in Dubai; where he successfully transformed the group's flagship digital product, Shahid VIP, into the world's largest Arabic language video streaming service with over 1.4 million subscribers. From 2016 to 2018, he was Co-Founder and CEO of SubVRsive in Austin, Texas, a WPP funded, Emmy-nominated virtual and augmented reality studio. From 2009 – 2013, he served Hulu as Senior Vice President, International, where he led the launch and initial growth phase of Hulu Japan.
Earlier, Larcher was president and CEO of online video education start- up Academy123, sold to Discovery; and served as GM International for paid search pioneer Overture Services until its acquisition by Yahoo! in 2003. Larcher started his career in 1995 at McKinsey in Los Angeles, where he served media, entertainment and technology clients.
Larcher holds a Master of Arts from the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna, and a Master of Business Administration from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
HBO Max is home to many animated streaming favorites, including titles drawn from the Warner Bros. Animation, Hanna-Barbera, Cartoon Network & Adult Swim libraries, as well as originals such as Adventure Time: Distant Lands, Jellystone!, Looney Tunes Cartoons, continuations of Infinity Train and Summer Camp Island, and upcoming The Boondocks reboot. The platform also holds U.S. streaming rights to the Studio Ghibli film collection and a growing selection of anime curated by Crunchyroll.
Related Topics:featured, HBO Max International, Johannes Larcher
Geographic Region:Worldwide
More in People
On Being a Socially Conscious Animation Company
By Guillaume Hellouin & Corinne Kouper January 17, 2022
***This article originally appeared in the February '22 issue of Animation Magazine (No. 317)*** Discussions of...
Autonomous Animator: Three Ways to Grow Your Animation Business in 2022
By Martin Grebing January 16, 2022
If you are an independent animator, work with a small team of other independent animators or...
People on the Move: Appointments at Superprod, Thunderbird, Woodblock & More
By Mercedes Milligan January 14, 2022
International prodco Superprod Group, owners of Superprod Animation (seven series currently in production), has recruited Charles...
'Invincible' Studio Skybound Taps Marge Dean as Head of Animation
Skybound Entertainment announced today that Emmy Award-winning animation industry veteran Marge Dean has joined to manage...
People on the Move: GBI Ousts ChizComm Leaders, Jazwares Sets New CBO & More
ChizComm Ltd. and ChizComm Beacon Media founders Harold and Jennifer Chizick today addressed their exit from...
Keith Chapman's New Pre-K Co-Pro 'Camp Furly' Is Ready to Roam
Trailer: Eccentric Kid & Cat 'Tig n' Seek' Come to HBO Max July 23
Featured Trailers


text:
A Generation in Motion: The Ungovernables
"The Ungovernables" does its best to define the intentions of a generation (X) that, for all intents and purposes, grew up in the shadow of its baby-booming parents. That this new showcase comes while Gen X is in the midst of paying for the baby-boomers' missteps is no small irony, and the mood here captures the sentiment well: The whole giant heap of mismatched work on display can be seen as an effort to blow-up that looming shadow. The results are fun to watch in a oh-my-god-did-you-see-that-crash! kind of way, but would you expect anything less from a group that brought you Nirvana, the Macarena, and Cher's first number one hit in 24 years? Me neither.
Being the doomed/undervalued generation they are, the works on display largely box around the concept of decay (most notably Adrián Villar Rojas' sculpting work, which takes up nearly an entire floor), with a calculated optimism―one that doesn't seem quite ready to take itself seriously―splashed on top for good measure. The only common thread here is a shared sense of confusion, and "The Ungovernables" has plenty of identity crises to latch onto. Danh Võ's "We The People" strips the Statue of Liberty of its history and its symbolism, focusing instead on recreating the copper panels that gave it shape. Jonathas de Andrade's "Ressaca Tropical" (Tropical Hangover) uses a found diary to paint a strangely intimate picture of a conflicted youth, so much so that you fail to notice the voyeuristic overtones that run through the work.
But it's Brian Bress' "Status Report", a short film that finds the artist struggling to do everyday tasks while dressed in absurd outfits that beg for attention, that best sums up the current universal sigh: "Because it's the depression." His film is a brilliant piece of black comedy, an obvious highlight (the curators must of known: It nearly takes up the entire basement), but he's not certainly alone in his disassociation with the world around him. In this day and age you'd have to be deaf and dumb not to relate.
Cinthia Marcelle's "O Sécula" (The Century) features trash―tires, fluorescent bulbs, barrels―being methodically thrown on the street for five minutes. Anyone who lives in New York knows this is a significant part of one's daily routine. Hassan Khan's "Jewel" was one of the few things that had an actual pulse, mixing paranoid Cairene music against a backdrop of flashing black-and-white images. You could hear the frantic drumming from deep in the stairwell; by the time you got to the room you could barely control your own body. I got stuck in there against my own better judgment for 20 minutes, until one of my friends came in and slapped me back to my senses. "The exhibit's closing in fifteen minutes," he told me. "We have to leave." I shook my head in agreement, though more confused than ever―a fitting epitaph for our generations' ramshackle statement of intent.
A Generation in Motion: "The Ungovernables" at New Museum, through April 22nd
Lane Koivu – Images courtesy of Benoit Pailley


text:
LanguageLang : French
Metaketa II: Taxation
Metakteta II Project Locations
What are the factors driving tax formalization in developing countries? Could formalization trigger a chain of effects culminating in an increase in tax compliance? Like tax compliance, a citizen's decision to formalize his or her relation with the state seems to be the result of a comparison of the expected benefits of formalization to the expected costs. In the case of formalization, however, costs not only include future tax liability but, in many cases, include a costly and complex process. The Taxation Metaketa round seeks to answer these questions by implementing a series of research projects that assess the role of providing information about formalization on citizens' intent to formalize and citizens' formalization.
This Metaketa round was launched in Spring 2016 and will run until Spring 2020. This round awarded six projects—one each in Brazil, Colombia, DR Congo, India, Malawi, and Nigeria—ranging in funding from $150,000 to $250,000 provided by the UK's Department for International Development. The studies in this Metaketa round aim to study the effects of common informational interventions, which combines information about the process of tax formalization as well as its benefits and costs with assistance and or subsidies to reduce the cost to citizens. In addition, each project will involve at least one complementary intervention.
For additional information about the Metaketa Initiative, contact Jaclyn Leaver (EGAP Director of Research) at jleaver@berkeley.edu.
Metaketa II Steering Committee: Ana De La O (chair, Yale University); Don Green (Columbia University); and Peter John (University College London)
Metaketa II Pre-meta-analysis Plan: 20171010AA
Brazil Pre-Analysis Plan: 20180213AA
Colombia Pre-Analysis Plan: 20190530AC
DR Congo Pre-Analysis Plan: 20180310AA
India Pre-Analysis Plan: 20190121AA
Malawi Pre-Analysis Plan: 20190313AC
Nigeria Pre-Analysis Plan: 20180703AC
Metaketa II Projects
Increasing microentrepreneurs' formalization and access to social security in Brazil
Principal Investigators: Rafael Goldszmidt (FGV), Anna-Katharina Lenz (FGV), Martin Valdivia (Group for the Analysis of Development), and Cesar Zucco Jr (FGV)
Enabling fiscal capacity and investment through property formalization: Experimental evidence from Colombia
Location: Colombia.
Principal Investigators: Darin Christensen (University of California, Los Angeles) and Francisco Garfias (University of California, San Diego)
The origins of tax compliance and accountable governance: A randomized field experiment in the DR Congo
Location: DR Congo.
Principal Investigators: Otis Reid (MIT) and Jonathan Weigel (Harvard University)
The effect of citizen empowerment on fee-based public service provision and urban governance in India
Location: India.
Principal Investigators: Anjali Bohlken (Georgia Tech University), Nikhar Gaikwad (Columbia University), and Gareth Nellis (EGAP)
Collective action and solid waste collection in Zomba, Malawi
Location: Malawi.
Principal Investigators: Jake Bowers (University of Illinois), Nuole Chen (University of Illinois), Christopher Grady (University of Illinois), and Matthew Winters (University of Illinois)
Formalization, tax appeals, and voluntary compliance in Lagos, Nigeria
Location: Nigeria.
Principal Investigators: Adrienne LeBas (American University), Jessica Gottlieb (Texas A&M University), and Nonso Obikili (University of Stellenbosch)
The Metaketa II: Taxation round has awarded six grants to innovative experimental research projects that seek to assess the effects of facilitating citizens' formalization of their relationship with the state on access to publicly financed goods, and tax compliance. All of the projects use common informational interventions focused on providing information about the process of tax formalization along with a financial or in-kind subsidy such as access to registration assistance. In addition, each project will involve at least one complementary intervention.
The awards, provided by funding from the UK's Department for International Development, range from $150,000 to $250,000. All projects will collaborate closely, in conjunction with the EGAP Metaketa II: Taxation steering committee, with the goal of maximizing the consistency of designs, interventions, and outcome measurement across studies.
Congratulations to the Metaketa II: Taxation award recipients!
The Evidence in Governance and Politics (EGAP) network is soliciting proposals for field experiments that seek to assess the effects of facilitating citizens' formalization of their relationship with the state on access to publicly financed goods, and tax compliance in developing countries. This Metaketa round is funded by the UK's Department for International Development and invites studies that address the central question of whether formalizing state-citizen relationships increases access to public goods and services, and ultimately tax compliance, using two or more experimental treatment conditions. A common arm (or arms), to be implemented in a consistent manner by all supported projects, should seek to either assess the effects of encouraging people to secure a title to their property or other household/business assets, secure legal access to publicly provided utilities, or secure legal certainty of economic activities. Other formalization processes can be taken into account, as long as they present clear and tangible benefits to citizens. Encouragement interventions should aim to reduce the costs (financial, coordination, and/or human capital) of the processes of formalization.
Awards will range from $150,000 to $250,000. Please see the link to the full request for proposals along with links to the submission form and budget template below.
Please submit all materials in a PDF format to grants@e-gap.org. The deadline for submission is November 30, 2016, 5:00pm Pacific Standard Time.
RFP Submission Form
RFP Budget Template
Contact Jaclyn Leaver (EGAP Director of Research) at jleaver@berkeley.edu with any questions.
This call for expressions of interest is now closed. Thanks to all who applied. As mentioned below, this call sought to identify clusters of research projects with comparable interventions and outcome measures that would form the basis of the main Taxation Metaketa request for proposals. Please see below for a summary of the EOIs we received and stay tuned for the full request for proposals that will be launched in the next few weeks!
Metaketa II: Taxation Summary of EOIs
CALL FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST
The Evidence in Governance and Politics network (EGAP) is requesting expressions of interest (EOIs) for leading edge experimental research projects on taxation and good governance in developing countries. This grant round is specifically designed to foster knowledge accumulation across studies. Successful applicants will engage in closely related projects and adhere to a common set of research standards. For this round, EGAP will support 5-7 research projects that address a common theme. This request for short EOIs seeks to identify clusters of research projects with comparable interventions and outcome measures, which will form the basis of the main call.
Please submit your EOI to grants@e-gap.org. The deadline for submission is September 15, 2016.
Expressions of Interest Form


Grab your fishnets, and jump to the Hard Bargain Amphitheater's Films in the Woods feature presentation of THE ROCKY HORROR PICTURE SHOW! Coming this October, TIME WARP back to the 1970s and shimmy the night away to the voices of Magenta, Frank N Furter & Riff Raff at this outdoor venue. Dust off your gold sequin top hat, snap on your rubber gloves and lace up your corset for a fun filled evening of call-backs and great one liners.
Prop bags will be sold for $10 and participation is encouraged!
Admission is $10 and seating is limited. Get your tickets here.
We strongly encourage advance reservations!
Refreshments are available. Movie viewing is outdoor, so comfortable, weather appropriate clothing and bug spray are highly recommended!
This entry was posted on Saturday, October 28th, 2017 at 11:30 pm	and is filed under Special Events. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


I bought samsung electric oven on Dec 28, 2016. After 8 months the hot surface indicator got problem, it never turned off. I called the samsung support, and they got a technician came to fix the problem. The problem was fixed, however at May 1, 2018 the indicator was broken again. The same problem where the indicator never turned off. Once I can assume it was me being unlucky, but when the same problem occurred within such short time I have to assume that this is a product quality issue.
When I called for the samsung support again, and all they were concerned was the warranty, and not the quality of the product.
You are posting a reply to: SAMSUNG COMPLAINT!!!!
You are reporting the following post: SAMSUNG COMPLAINT!!!!
In reply to: SAMSUNG COMPLAINT!!!!
I recently purchased two unlocked Galaxy S9 and S9+ phones from Samsung.com. Within 24 hours of receiving our order Verizon and Samsung advised us to return the Galaxy S9 phone due to an internal defect. Samsung customer service would not mail me a replacement phone. The representative states the only warranty option is to return the phone and wait for the refund to be processed (7-10 business days). After I mentioned that I have small children and as a mother I cannot be without a mobile device. Samsung's represented suggested it would be quicker to purchase another phone while I waited for a refund on a defective phone.
My husband and I cannot believe Samsung would require a mother of two to be without a cell phone for such a long period of time. Especially, since the phone is less than 48 hours old and under factory warranty. No compensation or expedited shipping options provided. Only a insincere sorry for the inconvenience and good luck with your next purchase.
We have spoken to our colleagues and patients about our experience and they have encouraged us to write a letter. My husband is a dentist in a private practice and I am dental hygienist in a government hospital. Everyone we have spoken to is shocked by our experience.
Of where you should get them from Verizon next time.
Our family is done with Samsung. We are going back to apple. Apple has long lines, but their customer service is always there.
10 plus samsung galaxy byer beware!
Do not buy the galaxy +! I purchased the phone thinking i got an upgrade from the 8+, and i have had ALL kinds of problems with the phone where i keep a journal. I have tried several times emailing Samsung, but for some odd reason when i go to submit my complaint....I'm logged out not by choice & have too start with a new complaint. I did this 4 times! Yes, I could call, but I want to make sure I have validation of the call. The phone cost $999.99 NIL taxes. I will seek legal advice on Monday. I found so many problems with the phone I'm curious if they had a tester before putting it out to the public. I have purchased Samsung since residing in P.R.China...i will be an iPhone.
In reply to: 10 plus samsung galaxy byer beware!
I just wanted you to know you're not alone. I am on my 3rd s10 since March 9th and guess what....the third one is doing the same damn thing. Restarts itself with no rhyme or reason and when I contacted Samsung, they told me to send in the phone for repair. Repair!!! It's 4 days old and restarted on it's own 4 time today alone!! At a total loss as to what to do with my really expensive waste of time. Samsung and my garbage phone service provider don't seem to give a rip they have duped me into paying so much for something so useless.


text:
TV Sports Today – June 10
By Lisa T. Reardon	 Last updated Jun 10, 2021
Women's College World Series: Florida State vs. Oklahoma, Championship, Game 3, (if necessary), 3 p.m. (ESPN)
NCAA Outdoor Championships: Day 2, 6:30 p.m. (ESPN2)
Korn Ferry Tour: The BMW Charity Pro-Am, noon (Golf Channel)
PGA Tour: The Palmetto Championship, 3 p.m. (Golf Channel)
LPGA Tour: Mediheal Championship, 6 p.m. (Golf Channel)
Horses race
NYRA: America's Races Day, 3:00 p.m. (FS2)
PFL 4: feather and light weights, 10 p.m. (ESPN2)
Brewers at Reds, 12:30 p.m. (Bally Sports Indiana)
Braves at the Phillies or Mariners at the Tigers, 1 p.m. (MLB)
Astros at the Red Sox, 7 p.m. (MLB)
Royals at Athletics (joined in progress), 10 p.m. (MLB)
Eastern Conference Semifinals: Nets at Bucks, Game 3, 7:40 p.m. (ESPN)
Western Conference Semi-Final: Clippers at Jazz, Game 2, 10 p.m. (ESPN2)
Stanley Cup Playoffs: Golden Knights Avalanche, West Division Final, Game 6, 9 p.m. (NHL)
International Friendly: USA vs. Portugal, 8:30 p.m. (FS1)
WTA: Roland-Garros, semi-finals, 9 a.m. (Tennis) and 11 a.m. (NBC / NBCSN)
IAAF: Diamond League, 2 p.m. (NBCSN)
Sparks at Mystics, 7 p.m. (CBSSN)
Reading's Team Pereira Mixed Martial Arts Academy, an outlet for champions | Amateur sports
MMA: Zamboanga 100% ready for ONE Grand Prix Atomweight
Bellator 259: How to Watch Cris Cyborg and the British Fighters on the BBC
The players you don't want to talk about in today's NBA
Boxing prodigy Vanso ready for battle
Welterweight Mike "Bad Man" O'Han, Jr. to take on Tyrone Luckey on a double header
What Jake Paul Asks On Twitter From Dana White To Fight In His Mixed Martial Arts…
Nesting Dolls – New Private Equity Investment Adds Another Layer to…
More medals for the main martial arts center in Port | Port Stephens Examiner


Kristin Kornelia Utne's PhD thesis indicates that post-thrombotic syndrome is the main cause of reduced health-related quality of life in patients suffering from deep vein thrombosis.
Self-report and visual assistance can provide accurate information on post-thrombotic syndrome following deep vein thrombosis.
Post-thrombotic syndrome and obesity are predictors of reduced quality of life after deep vein thrombosis.
Rivaroxaban might reduce the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome.
(1) Utne and co-workers developed a new and simple tool to assess post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep vein thrombosis. The recommended Villalta scale requires a clinician's assessment in addition to patient self-assessment, whereas the new scale requires only self-report and visual assistance. The scale showed very good agreement with the Villalta scale, whereas the same scale without visual assistance showed only moderate agreement.
The validity of the tools was assessed in a total of 246 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2012.
(2) Compared to their buddies, patients with deep vein thrombosis scored lower on all dimensions of health-related quality of life. Having post-thrombotic syndrome and obesity were independently associated with impaired quality of life.
Health-related quality of life was evaluated in 254 patients with confirmed deep vein thrombosis, and the patients were told to ask two friends to complete the same questionnaire.
(3) Patients treated with the new oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban had lower risk of post-thrombotic syndrome than patients treated with the older drug warfarin. 309 patients were included in the study, and also health-related quality of life was better in the rivaroxaban-treated patients.
(1) Utne, K. K., Ghanima, W., Foyn, S., Kahn, S., Sandset, P. M., & Wik, H. S. (2016). Development and validation of a tool for patient reporting of symptoms and signs of the post-thrombotic syndrome. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 115(02), 361-367.
(2) Utne, K. K., Tavoly, M., Wik, H. S., Jelsness-Jørgensen, L. P., Holst, R., Sandset, P. M., & Ghanima, W. (2016). Health-related quality of life after deep vein thrombosis. SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1278.
(3) Utne, K. K., Dahm, A., Wik, H. S., Jelsness-Jørgensen, L. P., Sandset, P. M., & Ghanima, W. (2018). Rivaroxaban versus warfarin for the prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome. Thrombosis research, 163, 6-11.


text:
Belmont Heights
Long Beach, Stop Screaming at What You Don't Know—This Is Actually a Really Great Intersection
Brian Addison
Above: the new roundabout at 6th and Park.
This, Long Beach, is a really great intersection at 6th and Park, appropriate for the neighborhood its in.
It really wasn't news for me. They've been doing this already—Vista and Ximeno come to mind or the failed installations of the ones that were supposed to be on Daisy at 25th, Burnett, and Hill—and it's a really simple concept: it simultaneously slows down traffic while improving flow.
But hot damn, did people hate it: prompting everything from "accidentally running into it" because they "don't expect it"—that person shouldn't be on the road, FYI, if they are so unaware that they run into a roundabout—to philosophical pondering on the intelligence of the design:
And, also, the roundabout is part of the 6th Street bike boulevard—they want drivers slowing down for, y'know, folks on their bikes that can, y'know, get killed by said drivers. (Also of note: the ped crossings are placed at the bottleneck, or what some might see as setback, to reduce the crossing time for the pedestrian.)
Drivers, whether they know it or not, operate on a weird psychology and behavioral pattern. For one, they rely on auto behaviors that they're so used to—this is the gas, this is the brake, this is how I speed up, this is how I slow down—that they're not using much concentration to drive. In fact, how many people look at opposite sides of the intersection when passing a green? You don't, right? Because it's a green—you have the right to keep going. Drivers habitually race through lights since a green gives them a false sense of security and a yellow means they better hurry up—because heaven forbid we are stalled for 15 seconds of our lives.
Stop signs, meanwhile, act more and more as "slow down" signs—particularly in our state, home of the California Roll—that equally make drivers habitually run them because "there is never anyone crossing here." Both ultimately lead to a genuine lack of regarding one's surroundings, not actual safety—hence the birth of the always disturbing T-bone accident.
Even more, traffic engineers have discovered that few drivers actually stop at stop signs. This quick experiment found that only 6 of 21 drivers actually stop. This more formal study found that 70% of accidents at stop signs were caused by drivers, well, not stopping.
Hence: roundabouts.
When you have to make a driver focus on when to slow down (rather than when they can just "get on their way") combined with them having to turn their steering wheel slightly like they do at a roundabout, very basic human behaviors are enacted: eye contact, communication, waves, hell, even a mouthed, "Thanks." Because roundabouts avoid the two dangers previously mentioned: the false sense of safety (you have no green so I suggest you look at who's around you) and rolling through something you shouldn't (the main thrust of roundabouts are yields, not stops).
Now, this is not to say that drivers using the new roundabouts, well, know how to drive. Drivers yield to other drivers on the left (because it's a roundabout). But it's not hard to figure out, folks.
My deep support of roundabouts could very well stem from my more radical enjoyment of "naked streets" a la Hans Monderman, the traffic engineer who hated traffic lights with such a fiery passion that he eradicated them—literally.
In Drachten, he took the busiest intersection—some 20,000 cars a day—and turned it into a roundabout. His logic? He once told the New York Times, "When you treat people like idiots, they'll behave like idiots. Who has the right of way? I don't care. People here have to find their own way, negotiate for themselves, use their own brains."
It is that precise logic which makes roundabouts work.
And our deep-seated fear of letting people use their own brains often gets the best of us—and rightfully so. When it comes to expressing one's self, well, do as you please; when it comes to our safety, we are a bit more Draconian in nature and want to (think we can) prevent everything.
Think this is crazy? Check out Poynton, England, just northwest of Manchester, where engineers reconfigured the busiest intersection in town with two roundabouts and no lights–repeat: no lights. The three years before its creation? 17 accidents. Since its creation in 2008? Less than 10. It has prompted English traffic engineers to start removing more and more traffic signage—and, according to most, for the better.
It's not always bad, Long Beach—you just have to do a little research or reading.
Brian Addison has been a writer, editor and photographer for more than a decade, covering everything from food to politics to urban transportation and housing. In 2015, he was named Journalist of the Year by the Los Angeles Press Club and has since garnered 12 nominations and an additional win for Best Political Commentary. Born in Big Bear, he has lived in Long Beach since college. Brian currently serves as a columnist and editor for the Long Beach Post.


text:
Vacation Rentals near Ciampino Airport
Terrace - Holiday Rental in Segni
Province of Rome
Magic Rainbow B&B
1 of 8Camera Viola
The magic rainbow bed and breakfast totally renovated and furnished in a modern style. We are in a beautiful town Signs in the hill which boasts a medieval village and a breathtaking view. Follow the cobbled streets of the old town; stop at the small squares and alleys for unusual and characteristic views; admire the portals of the old houses in which was held the daily life of generations; observe the newsstands dug into the walls, witnesses of the imagination which over the years has expressed the popular devotion, is certainly enjoyable and cultural experience. B&B's magic rainbow are spacious and equipped with all necessary amenities, each has a private bathroom and is characterized by a colour of the Rainbow. Ideal place for families and couples, the bed and breakfast is near Valmonto...The magic rainbow bed and breakfast totally renovated and furnished in a modern style. We are in a beautiful town Signs in the hill which boasts a medieval village and a breathtaking view. Follow the cobbled streets of the old town; stop at the small squares and alleys for unusual and characteristic views; admire the portals of the old houses in which was held the daily life of generations; observe the newsstands dug into the walls, witnesses of the imagination which over the years has expressed the popular devotion, is certainly enjoyable and cultural experience. B&B's magic rainbow are spacious and equipped with all necessary amenities, each has a private bathroom and is characterized by a colour of the Rainbow. Ideal place for families and couples, the bed and breakfast is near Valmontone and Park Rainbow Magicland, reachable in 10 minutes. The B&B Magic Rainbow is near Rome, 45 minutes away by car or train. We look forward to an unforgettable experience. Hotel ValmontoneMore
3 Attached (ensuite), 1 Full bath, 3 Showers
Riccardo B
Listed Since:January 2014
g0nnella
Calabritto, Italy
Reviewed September 5, 2017
g0nnella Calabritto, Italy
Camper288607
Management response:Responded June 19, 2017
ganmor94
Reviewed January 2, 2015
Is this vacation rental large?YesNoUnsure
Rome Holiday Apartments (6,582)
Vatican City Villas (558)
Do you own a vacation rental? List it here.


Who will be strong and not faint with fear during times of great distress? — Those who have learnt to say lovingly in their hearts, 'My Father, my dearest Father.' Those who now live with a childlike trust in God the Father in everyday life, no matter what their needs, will become strong and experience His help when they call upon His name in times of great distress. Practise now going through life in this way with your heavenly Father, calling upon His name trustingly. His name will prove its power and bring you help even in the deepest night of suffering.


Drawing inspiration from the visions, strategies and conflicts that engendered the creation of Milton Keynes, as well as The Open University which was created at the same time and indelibly marks the history of the city, CLC 2018 will encompass the theme of regeneration. In all instances of regeneration are tensions between new and existing sociocultural visions and strategies, and the laws, regulations and forms of standardisation that seek to govern the pace and nature of regeneration in a given space and time. Equally there can often be a lack of legal attention and intervention where sometimes it is demanded, as well as forms of de-regulation that seek to attenuate the role and authority of law in favour of, for example, innovation.
A full statement of the theme of CLC 2018 is available here.
Download the new programme and proceedings document.
This fee will include registration, lunches and a drinks reception on the evening of Thursday 6th September. In recognition of the costs of travelling from the global south, we are extending the reduced rate to those coming from LSA's Category 2 and 3 economies.
The conference dinner will be held on site at The Open University Walton Hall campus. Tickets for this are included in those conference tickets that specify the conference dinner. You are welcome to bring partners/guests to the conference dinner if you purchase a separate dinner ticket for them.
If you are a postgraduate student and wish to attend the pre-conference doctoral workshop on the afternoon of 5th September, please ensure that you register for a free doctoral workshop ticket in addition to your main conference ticket.
The following plenary sessions and speakers have so far been confirmed. More information will follow shortly.
Margaret Davies is Matthew Flinders Distinguished Professor at Flinders University. She is a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law, and author of five books on legal theory and the philosophy of property. Her latest book is Law Unlimited: Materialism, Pluralism, and Legal Theory (2017).
Is Posthumanism the Last 'Post'? Regenerating Law Beyond the Human Subject The 20th century was an era in which a number of ideological '-isms' reached peak intensity. However, it was also an era in which these movements began to show their flaws and to break down. In the second half of the century this resulted in the enthusiastic deployment of a terminology in which things become problematised, placed into the past, and are yet understood to have a powerful continuing influence: thus, we have a 'post' prefix attached to all manner of theoretical and institutional forms. Posthumanism pushes this logic to its extremity beyond human subjectivity and knowledge. It removes the origin of being and of cognition from the individual self, and allows us to see the self as epiphenomenal, an effect or symptom of the innumerable and complex interactions between body, environment, and other subjectivities. Posthumanism can be understood as both posthuman-ism and post-humanism. In other words, it critiques both the separated ontological and biological status of the human as well as the human-centred world view promoted by the scholarly and cultural traditions of humanism. Posthumanism has recently provided a point of departure for a critical questioning and regeneration of concepts of law, which I will consider in this paper. What are the new modalities of understanding the legal world that start from the interactions between subjects and material objects, and the intra-actions which bring them into being in the first place? What are the possibilities for developing a theoretical approach to law in which concepts are attuned to the dynamics of making and re-making subjects and objects, abstractions and matter? What becomes of 'law' itself in such a conception?
Rebecca Coleman is Reader in the Sociology Department, Goldsmiths, University of London, where she researches and teaches across sociology, media and cultural studies and feminist theory on topics including futures and presents, bodies, affect and inventive methodologies. She is currently working on two projects related to temporality. The first is a book on glitter, which explores the temporal politics of this ubiquitous material. The second is a project, 'Mediating Presents: Producing "the Now" in Contemporary Digital Culture', supported by a Leverhulme Research Fellowship (2018-19), which examines how the present is stretched and condensed via engagements with different digital media.
Regeneration and Temporal Politics: On 'Re's and 'Pre's Taking inspiration from Massey's understanding of space as 'always in the process of being made. It is never finished, never closed' (2005: 9), this paper explores some of the temporal politics of regeneration. Rather than focus on regeneration as an urban project, the paper instead develops a conceptual approach to 'regeneration' as a term, examining in particular its temporalities. It first considers the future-orientation of regeneration, suggesting that 'generation' implies a creativity and inventiveness that is inclined towards novelty and the future: an open-ended and processual becoming. It then, second, considers the prefix 're', highlighting various meanings and emphases of 're', including processes concerned with creating anew (e.g. reactivate, revolution), with going back (e.g. returning) and being behind or after (e.g. remaining). These uses of 're' point to a multiplicity of temporal processes that are oriented both to the future and past. They thus bring temporal complexity and diversity to an understanding of (re)generation, which may be found, for example, in debates about the regeneration of specific places and things (how far they change its feel, make up and direction). Third, the paper examines further the multiplicity and diversity of the possible temporalities of (re)generation by discussing recent theories of media, affect and temporality on 'pre-emergence', 'prehension', 'pre-emption' and 'premediation', It considers what supplementing the prefix 're' with 'pre' might do to understandings of (re)generation. It argues that a concept of pregeneration seeks to capture and make sense of a kind of 'just-beforeness', where the future (and past) is brought into the present, and how this specific set of temporal relations is becoming increasingly important to contemporary politics. It sees these temporal relations as placing emphasis on the suppleness and activity of the present, and it reflects on what might be at stake, theoretically and politically, in focusing on the presents implied by pregeneration.
Discussants: Lucy Finchett-Maddock (Sussex), Sarah Keenan (Birkbeck), and Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos (Westminster).
Throughout her life, Doreen Massey was deeply committed to geography. In her hands, geography was more than an academic endeavour. She saw it as a way of creating new ways to understand, and to do, politics. The roundtable will aim to inspire discussion and debate on the key themes and connections that lay at the heart of the late Professor Massey's critical body of work, such as relationality, space, and neoliberalism.
Featuring the film Milton Keynes of the Mind: Looking for Culture Through Economy by Sapphire Goss, the plenary session will delve into the cultural history of Milton Keynes through the lens of the Journal of Cultural Economy and in particular its links to the work of Stuart Hall, leading cultural theorist and sociologist, and former Head of the Sociology Department at the Open University. The session will be hosted by the editor of the journal, contributor to the film, and Senior Lecturer of Sociology at the Open University, Liz McFall, who will lead discussion. Ahead of the plenary attendees may want to read the accompanying article On brutal culture by Darren Umney, Taylor C. Nelms, Dave O'Brien, Fabian Muniesa, Liz Moor, Liz McFall, Melinda Cooper and Peter Campbell.
A postgraduate workshop will take place prior to the start of the conference, from 2-5pm on Wednesday 5th September 2018. Visit the webpage for more details.
Delegates should make their own arrangements for accommodation. The Hilton Milton Keynes and Kents Hill Park are a short walk from The Open University.


text:
Viktoriya Styopina (Ucrania, 21 de febrero de 1976) es una atleta ucraniana, especializada en la prueba de salto de altura en la que llegó a ser medallista de bronce olímpica en 2004.

Carrera deportiva
En los JJ. OO. de Atenas 2004 ganó la medalla de bronce en el salto de altura, con un salto de 2.02 metros, quedando en el podio tras la rusa Yelena Slesarenko que con 2.06 metros batió el récord olímpico, y la sudarricana Hestrie Cloete (plata también con 2.02 m pero en menos intentos).

Referencias

Atletas de Ucrania
Medallistas olímpicos de atletismo
Ucranianas del siglo XXI

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Gelert Torch Lantern is ideal for using on camping trips or outdoor adventures. The torch features a super bright LED bulb with a torch and lantern mode to make it suitable for different uses. It comes complete with a hanging hook to allow it to be used in tents if necessary.


Dated "No Parking" signs will be posted at least 48-hours in advance at some of the parking spaces. Please do not park where these signs are posted as vehicles may be towed when work starts. Access to your driveway will be maintained at all times; however, please allow for extra time in the event work is occurring in the street immediately adjacent to your driveway.
Construction work hours are 8:00 am to 5:00 pm on Bruno Ave. and Serramonte Blvd. and from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm on Junipero Serra Blvd. However, the contractor may perform work at night on Junipero Serra Blvd. and Serramonte Blvd. to alleviate daytime traffic. Night work on Junipero Serra Blvd. would occur from 10:00 pm to 7:00 am, Sunday through Thursday nights. The I-280 Northbound John Daly Blvd. off-ramp near Citrus Ave. may be closed during the night to work on Junipero Serra Blvd. Night work on Serramonte Blvd. would be from 9:00 am to 6:30 am, Monday through Friday nights.
The Sewer Main Improvement Project will replace existing vitrified clay (VCP) sewer mains with new larger capacity polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) sewer mains. The old pipes were susceptible to groundwater infiltration and sewer backups due to cracks, leaking joints and blockages from root intrusion or other causes. The contractor will be digging in the street to install the pipe, replace manholes and reconnect existing sewer laterals to the new pipe. The contractor will restore the street surface and pavement markings after the utility work is completed.
The work is scheduled to begin in late-March 2016 and is expected to be substantially completed by June 2016. Exact dates of construction work will be posted at least 48 hours prior to the sewer main replacement and street work.
If you require special attention or have project related questions, please call Jeff Bastian, Project Inspector with the City, at (650) 991-8200. You may also contact Roland Yip, Civil Engineering Associate with the City, at (650) 991-8155.
Thank you for your patience while we make improvements to our City.


text:
Topographical Dictionaries
A Topographical Dictionary of England
Brede - Brent-Tor
A Topographical Dictionary of England. Originally published by S Lewis, London, 1848.
Brede (St. George)
Bredfield (St. Andrew)
Bredgar (St. John the Baptist)
Bredhurst (St. Peter)
Bredicot (St. James)
Bredon (St. Giles)
Bredwardine (St. Andrew)
Bredy, Little
Bredy, Long (St. John the Baptist)
Breedon (St. Mary and St. Hardulph)
Breem
Breightmet, or Brightmead
Breighton
Breinton (St. Michael)
Bremhill (St. Martin)
Bremilham, or Cowich
Brenchley (All Saints)
Brendon (St. Brendon)
Brenkley
Brent, East (St. Mary)
Brent Illeigh, Eleigh, or Ely (St. Mary)
Brent, South (St. Patrick)
Brent, South (St. Michael)
Brentingby
Brent-Tor (St. Michael)
BREDE (St. George), a parish, in the union of Rye, partly in the hundred of Staple, but chiefly in that of Gostrow, rape of Hastings, E. division of Sussex, 4 miles (S. by W.) from Northiam; containing 1151 inhabitants. This parish, distinguished by the divisions of Broad Oak and Brede High, is bounded on the south by the Brede channel, which is navigable for barges, and over which is a bridge; and is intersected in the eastern portion by the road from London to Rye. It comprises 4834a. 3r. 8p., whereof 1960 acres are arable, 1091 pasture, and 1316 woodland; the soil is favourable for the growth of hops, which are successfully cultivated. The village is pleasantly situated on a hill commanding extensive and finely varied prospects. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £12. 10. 5.; net income, £702; patron and incumbent, the Rev. J. W. Maher. The church consists of a nave, aisles, and chancel, with a square embattled tower surmounted by a low spire, the whole thoroughly repaired in 1840. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans at Broad Oak; and the union workhouse is in the parish. Dr. Horne, Bishop of Norwich, in 1790, was a native of Brede.
BREDENBURY, a parish, in the union of Bromyard, hundred of Broxash, county of Hereford, 3 miles (W. N. W.) from Bromyard; containing 46 inhabitants. The parish comprises by measurement 540 acres, of which the soil is of a clayey nature, and the surface for the most part hilly; it is intersected by the road from Leominster to Bromyard. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £2. 1. 10½., and in the patronage of Charles Dutton, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for a yearly rentcharge of £53. 9., and the glebe consists of 50 acres, of which 30 are in the parish of Bockleton. The church is a neat small edifice.
BREDFIELD (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union of Woodbridge, hundred of Wilford, E. division of Suffolk, 2½ miles (N.) from Woodbridge; containing 468 inhabitants, and comprising by measurement 1067 acres. The living is a discharged vicarage endowed with the rectorial tithes, with the livings of Lowdham and Petistree consolidated in 1827; it is valued in the king's books at £4. 4. 2., and is in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes of the parish have been commuted for £318, and the glebe comprises 27 acres. There is a small placeof worship for Baptists.
BREDGAR (St. John the Baptist), a parish, in the union and hundred of Milton, lathe of Scray, E. division of Kent, 4 miles (S. W. by S.) from Sittingbourne; containing 540 inhabitants. The parish comprises by measurement 1727 acres, of which 1072 are arable, 400 pasture, 180 woodland, and 21 acres hops: the soil is in many parts a good marl, and the substratum chalk; the surface is undulated, and the higher grounds crowned with woods. A fair is held on the first Monday after the 29th of June. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £9; patron and impropriator, Sir E. C. Dering, Bart.: the great tithes have been commuted for £375, and the vicarial for £210; there are about 2 acres of glebe, with a house and garden. The church, which is partly of Norman architecture, was built about five centuries ago, and, prior to the Dissolution, had a small college attached to it: it is endowed with land for repairs. A Methodist meeting-house was erected about 1800.
BREDHURST (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of Hollingbourn, hundred of Eyhorne, lathe of Aylesford, W. division of Kent, 5 miles (S. S. E.) from Chatham; containing 131 inhabitants. It comprises 600 acres, of which 274 are in wood. The ancient village is said to have stood at a short distance, near a wood, where several wells are still visible. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the Rector of Hollingbourn, and endowed with the tithes, which have been commuted for £130: there are 9 acres of glebe. The church is a small edifice, consisting only of one aisle and a chancel, with a tower surmounted by a low spire: adjoining it is a small ruinous chapel in the early English style, formerly the burial-place of the family of Kemsley. There is a small dissenters' place of worship.
BREDICOT (St. James), a parish, in the union of Pershore, Lower division of the hundred of Oswaldslow, Worcester and W. divisions of the county of Worcester, 3¾ miles (E.) from Worcester; containing 53 inhabitants. It is a small parish, comprising only 337 acres, whereof two-thirds are arable, and the remainder pasture; the surface is undulated, the soil a good rich marl, and the scenery picturesque. The Birmingham and Gloucester railway intersects the parish from north to south, nearly on a level with the surface. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £3. 18. 1½.; net income, £120, derived from land: patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Worcester. The church, an ancient structure, was thoroughly repaired, re-pewed, and beautified, in 1843, at a cost of £300, defrayed principally by the rector, the Rev. William Godfery. In 1839, some workmen excavating for the railway, found a small Roman urn of red clay, containing about 140 copper coins; it was met with at the depth of two feet in the earth, under the boughs of an old pollard elm, just by Bredicot Court.
BREDON (St. Giles), a parish, in the union of Tewkesbury, chiefly in the Middle, but partly in the Upper, division of the hundred of Oswaldslow, Pershore and E. divisions of the county of Worcester, 3¾ miles (N. E. by N.) from Tewkesbury; containing, with the chapelries of Norton and Cutsdean, and the hamlets of Bredon, Hardwick with Mitton, Kinsham, and Westmancote, 1567 inhabitants. This place was given by Ethelbald, King of Mercia, before the year 716, to his kinsman, Eanulph, who founded a monastery here in honour of St. Peter, which, previously to the Conquest, was annexed to the bishopric of Worcester. The parish comprises by computation between 5000 and 6000 acres, of which 963 are in the hamlet of Bredon, and is situated on the road between Tewkesbury and Pershore; the river Avon separates it from Gloucestershire. The soil is in general strong, producing good wheat and beans. The Birmingham and Gloucester railway passes through the village, where there is a station. From Bredon Hill (on which are quarries of stone suitable for building) is a pleasing view of the vales of Evesham and Cotswold, including the winding course of the Severn: the hill is crowned by a Roman encampment with a double trench. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £72. 11. 0½.; net income, £1498, arising from 1100 acres of land, assigned in lieu of tithes, under inclosure acts, in 1775 and 1808; patron, Jacob Jones, Esq.: there is a glebe-house. The church has been recently restored by the incumbent and parishioners, and is a fine edifice with a tower and spire. The porch and principal doorways are excellent examples of the Norman style: the tower, which stands between the nave and chancel, is supported by an arch forming a good specimen of the transition style; the south transept is early English, and the north transept decorated English, as is also the chancel, remarkable for its windows. The edifice contains some very old and curious monuments; among them is a monument to the memory of Dr. Prideaux, who was dismissed from the bishopric of Worcester during the parliamentary war. There are chapels of ease at Cutsdean and Norton; and at Milton the ruins of a chapel. In the hamlet of Westmancote is a place of worship for Baptists. A Bluecoat school was founded in 1718, by William Hancocke, who endowed it with lands, which, with accumulations, now produce £115 per annum. An almshouse for eight single women was founded in 1696, by Catherine Reed, who endowed it with tithes, since exchanged for 138 acres of land worth £143 per annum.
BREDWARDINE (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union of Hay, hundred of Webtree, county of Hereford, 11½ miles (W. N. W.) from Hereford; containing 409 inhabitants. The parish comprises 2200 acres, and is intersected by the road from Hay to Hereford. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £7. 8. 1½.; net income, £190; patron and incumbent, the Rev. N. D. H. Newton; impropriator, Sir Velters Cornewall, Bart. On the banks of the Wye, about two miles above Moccas, are the ruins of Bredwardine Castle, in which the gallant Captain Cornewall was born. A monument in Westminster Abbey, erected by a vote of both houses of parliament, records his heroic achievements.
BREDY, LITTLE, a chapelry, in the parish of Long Bredy, union of Dorchester, hundred of Uggscombe, Dorchester division of Dorset, 7 miles (W. by S.) from Dorchester; containing 196 inhabitants. The chapelry comprises by measurement 1637 acres; and is situated one mile south of the London road, through Dorchester, to Exeter. The soil is generally calcareous, and the surface hilly: there is a large quarry, from which the stone for erecting Winterborne Abbey was obtained. The river Brede, or Bride, has its source in a small lake here called Bride Head, near which is a Druidical circle of stones. The chapel, dedicated to St. Michael, was rebuilt about 15 years since: the chancel of the former edifice remains, and, from its style of architecture, is supposed to have been erected in the thirteenth century.
BREDY, LONG (St. John the Baptist), a parish, in the union of Dorchester, hundred of Eggerton, Dorchester division of Dorset, 8 miles (W.) from Dorchester; containing, with the hamlet of Upper Kingston and the chapelry of Little Bredy, 536 inhabitants. It comprises, exclusively of Little Bredy, 2060a. 1r. 19p., of which 1213 acres are meadow and pasture, 764 arable, and 7 woodland. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £19. 12. 1., and in the patronage of R. Williams, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for £460, and there are 75 acres of glebe. At Little Bredy is a chapel of ease.
BREEDON (St. Mary and St. Hardulph), a parish, in the union of Shardlow, hundred of West Goscote, N. division of the county of Leicester, 5¼ miles (N. E. by N.) from Ashby-de-la-Zouch; containing 2625 inhabitants, and comprising the township of Staunton-Harrold, the hamlets of Tonge and Wilson, and the chapelry of Worthington with Newbold liberty. A cell for Black canons was founded soon after 1144, by the prior and monks of St. Oswald, Nosthall, to whom the church and some lands here had been given by Robert Ferrers, Earl of Nottingham; its revenue, at the Dissolution, amounted to the sum of £25. 8. 1. The church which belonged to it is now the parochial church. The parish comprises by computation between 2000 and 2500 acres: the soil in general is very strong, and chiefly calculated for growing wheat; the surface is hilly. The village is situated at the foot of an elevated limestone rock, on the summit of which stands the church: there are considerable lime-works. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £6. 2. 8.; net income, £205; patron and impropriator, the Earl of Stamford and Warrington: in 1759, land and money payments were assigned in lieu of all tithes for the manor. At Worthington is a separate incumbency. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. By deed in 1736, Francis Commins gave £300 towards the support of a school for boys, and Eliza Commins £583 for a girls' school; on which endowments a national school has been established.
BREEM, a chapelry, in the parish of Newland, union of Monmouth, hundred of St. Briavell's, W. division of the county of Gloucester, 5½ miles (W. by S.) from Blakeney; containing 441 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £52; patron, the Vicar of Newland. The chapel is dedicated to St. James.
BREIGHTMET, or Brightmead, a township, in the parish and union of Bolton, hundred of Salford, S. division of the county of Lancaster, 2 miles (E. by N.) from Bolton, on the road to Bury; containing 1309 inhabitants. The manor of this place, forming part of the possessions of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, in the reign of Edward III., seems to have been comprehended within the manor of Manchester. In the 1st of Richard III. it was one of the forfeited estates of "our rebell" Sir Thomas St. Leger, and was by that king conferred upon Lord Stanley. The ill-fated Sir Thomas, although he had married the Duchess of Exeter, sister of Richard, lost, not only his estates by attainder, but his life by the hands of the public executioner. The township comprises 825 acres of land, mostly pasture; the soil is red and gravelly, on a substratum of red rock, and the scenery viewed from the hills is very extensive. Several collieries are at work, in one of which the vein of coal is three yards thick; and there is a stone-quarry. Two cotton-mills are in operation, and a few of the inhabitants are employed in weaving quilts and counterpanes by hand: at Breightmet-Fold are the extensive bleachworks, established seventy years ago, of John Seddon, Esq. The river Irwell separates this township from Tonge. Among the chief residences here, are, Breightmet Hall, a substantial stone building, long possessed by the Parker family, who, and the Earl of Derby, are the principal owners of the soil; Oaken Bottom, formerly the residence of the Cromptons; and Crompton-Ford, an elegant mansion. R. A. Hibbert, Esq., has a cottage residence at West Breightmet, with good views. In 1729, William Hulton gave land for the erection of a school, which was built in 1750, and is endowed with £30 per annum. About sixty years ago, twelve Roman urns of earthenware were found in the township, a little below the surface, containing ashes of the dead; but on being exposed to the air they mouldered into dust: the vessels were of cylindrical form, and within the top of each was a small bone. Camden supposed that the Coccium of Antoninus was near this place.
BREIGHTON, a township, in the parish of Bubwith, union of Howden, Holme-Beacon division of the wapentake of Harthill, E. riding of York, 5¼ miles (N. W. by N.) from Howden; containing 204 inhabitants. The village lies on the eastern bank of the river Derwent, opposite to Menthorpe. The farm of Gunby, in the township, was given by the Conqueror to his standard-bearer, Gilbert Tison, whose posterity took the name of De Guneby, and resided in the old mansionhouse for many generations.
BREINTON (St. Michael), a parish, in the hundred of Grimsworth, union and county of Hereford, 2 miles (W.) from Hereford; containing 362 inhabitants. It comprises 1539a. 28p., of which about two-thirds are arable; on the south it is bounded by the river Wye. The living is a perpetual curacy, valued in the king's books at £1. 10., and in the patronage of the Dean of Hereford; appropriators, the Dean and Chapter. The great tithes have been commuted for £210, and those of the incumbent for £135.
BREMHILL (St. Martin), a parish, chiefly in the union of Calne, but partly in that of Chippenham, hundred of Chippenham, Chippenham and Calne, and N. divisions of Wilts, 4¼ miles (E.) from Chippenham; containing 1550 inhabitants. This parish comprises by computation 6000 acres: the soil is chiefly a sandy loam; the surface is partly hilly, and partly a fine vale. Facilities of communication are afforded by the Wilts and Berks canal. The Roman Watling-street passed through the parish, and in the vicinity is the course of the ancient rampart Wansdyke. At the hamlet of Studley was a Roman station, thought to have been an outpost to the more important station of Verlucio, the site of which was ascertained by Sir Richard Colt Hoare to be near Wanshouse, about four miles distant: numerous coins, chiefly of Constantine, and some British earthenware, have been dug up. Avebury, a celebrated temple of the Britons, supposed to have been raised in honour of Teutates, their chief Celtic deity; and Tan hill and Silbury, two lofty eminences appropriated to the performance of their pagan rites, are situated within a short distance: on Tan hill a fair is held on Aug. 6th. The living is a vicarage, endowed with the rectorial tithes, with the living of Highway annexed, valued in the king's books at £15. 15.; net income, £406; patron, the Bishop of Salisbury. Under an inclosure act in 1775, land and a money payment were assigned to the impropriator in lieu of tithes on certain lands in the parish: there are about 230 acres of glebe, with a residence. The church is a venerable and interesting edifice, with a massive square tower adorned with battlements and pinnacles; between the aisle and chancel is a handsome rood-loft, beautifully carved: the chancel contains several monuments, and in the churchyard are numerous epitaphs written by the late vicar, the Rev. Mr. Bowles, the poet, who in 1827 published a description of the parish. Near the church are the ivy-mantled remains of a portion of the tenements belonging to the grange of the abbot of Malmesbury. At Foxham is a chapel of ease, dedicated to St. John the Baptist.
BREMILHAM, or Cowich, a parish, in the union and hundred of Malmesbury, Malmesbury and Kingswood, and N. divisions of Wilts, 2 miles (W. by S.) from Malmesbury; containing 47 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £4. 1. 8., and in the patronage of the Hon. and Rev. R. Bowles: the tithes have been commuted for £106.
BRENCHLEY (All Saints), a parish, in the union of Tonbridge, hundred of Brenchley and Horsemonden, lathe of Aylesford, W. division of Kent, 4¼ miles (N.) from Lamberhurst; containing 2472 inhabitants. The parish comprises 7698 acres, of which 1693 are common or waste, and 1010 in wood. It abounds with iron-ore; and there are some mineral springs, similar in their properties to those of Tonbridge. A cattle-fair is held annually at the hamlet of Matfield Green. The South-Eastern railway passes through the parish. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £12. 18. 9.; net income, £749; patron and impropriator, G. Courthorpe, Esq. The church is an ancient cruciform structure, built chiefly of sandstone, with a lofty tower. There is a place of worship for Particular Baptists.
BRENDON (St. Brendon), a parish, in the union of Barnstaple, hundred of Sherwill, Braunton and N. divisions of Devon, 15½ miles (E.) from Ilfracombe; containing 271 inhabitants. The parish comprises 4497 acres, of which 3000 are common or waste. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at £9. 4., and in the patronage of John Knight, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for £167, and there are 50 acres of glebe.
BRENKLEY, a township, in the parish of Dinnington, union and W. division of Castle ward, S. division of Northumberland, 7½ miles (N. by W.) from Newcastle-upon-Tyne; containing 56 inhabitants. It lies above three miles north-east from Ponteland, and nearly a mile west from the great post road. The tithes have been commuted for £141, payable to Merton College, Oxford, and £9 to the vicar.
BRENT, EAST (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of Axbridge, hundred of Brent with Wrington, E. division of Somerset, 4¾ miles (W. S. W.) from Axbridge; containing, with the hamlets of Edingworth and Rooksbridge, 849 inhabitants. This place appears to have been the scene of various military transactions at an early period; and on the summit of a lofty conical hill termed Brent Knoll, are vestiges of a large double intrenchment, within which, and at the base of the hill, numerous Roman relics have been found. The West Saxons are also supposed to have occupied this position, in their contests with the Mercians; and it is related that Alfred defended himself here against the Danes. A plot of ground to the south retains the name Battleborough, probably from some battle having been fought upon it. The parish is situated on the road from Bridgwater to Bristol, and near the Bristol and Exeter railway; and comprises by computation 3000 acres. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £30. 11. 3.; patron and appropriator, the Bishop of Bath and Wells: the great tithes have been commuted for £90, and the vicarial for £690; the glebe comprises about 70 acres. The church is a very ancient structure, with a tower and spire together 130 feet high; at the east end of the north aisle is a handsome painted window. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans; and a national school is supported by subscription. Cornua ammonis and other fossils have been found. Here was a cell to the abbey of Glastonbury.
BRENT ILLEIGH, ELEIGH, or ELY (St. Mary), a parish, and formerly a market-town, in the union of Cosford, hundred of Babergh, W. division of Suffolk, 2½ miles (E. by S.) from Lavenham; containing 289 inhabitants, and comprising by measurement 1597 acres. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £8, and in the patronage of Dr. Browne: the tithes have been commuted for £480, and the glebe consists of 9 acres. At the end of the chancel of the church, an apartment was built by Dr. Colman, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, who placed in it a parochial library; and Edward Colman, Esq., endowed an almshouse, for six widowers and six widows.
BRENT, SOUTH (St. Patrick), a parish, and formerly a market-town, in the union of Totnes, hundred of Stanborough, Stanborough and Coleridge, and S. divisions of Devon, 7¾ miles (S. W. by S.) from Ashburton; containing 1237 inhabitants. It is beautifully situated on the river Avon, which pursues its course for nearly six miles within the limits of the parish: the number of acres is 9374; upwards of 6000 are inclosed and in a high state of cultivation, and the remainder chiefly common lands. The higher grounds are remarkably picturesque, and afford fine prospects over Torbay and Plymouth Sound. The manor anciently belonged to the abbot of Buckfastleigh, who possessed the power of inflicting punishment for capital crimes. Tin-works were formerly carried on: here is a small establishment for spinning and carding wool; and slate is quarried to a considerable extent. Fairs for cattle are held on the last Tuesday in April and September. The living is a vicarage, endowed with the great tithes, and valued in the king's books at £29. 14. 4½.; patron, the Rev. N. Cole: the tithes have been commuted for £965, and the glebe comprises about 30 acres, with a house. The church is an ancient structure. There are places of worship for Independents and Wesleyans. A school has a small endowment; and there are various bequests for charitable purposes, amounting to about £100 per annum.
BRENT, SOUTH (St. Michael), a parish, in the union of Axbridge, hundred of Brent with Wrington, E. division of Somerset, 6 miles (S. W. by S.) from Axbridge; containing 1074 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the Bristol and Exeter road, comprises by measurement 3533 acres, including 84 acres of road; the soil is very rich, and the surface flat, with the exception of a high hill called Brent Knoll, partly in the parish. There is a canal from Highbridge, distant about 2½ miles, to Glastonbury; and the Bristol and Exeter railroad intersects the parish. Fairs for sheep and horned-cattle are held on the second Monday in July, and second Monday in October. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £25. 17. 8½.; patron, the Archdeacon of Wells. The tithes have been commuted for £780, of which the vicar receives £689; the glebe consists of about half an acre, on which is the vicarage-house. In the church is a monument to the memory of Captain John Somersett, a zealous royalist in the time of the civil war. There is a place of worship for Bryanites.
BRENTFORD, a market-town, and the head of a union; comprising Old Brentford, in the parish of Ealing, Kensington division of the hundred of Ossulstone, and New Brentford, in the parish of Hanwell, hundred of Elthorne, county of Middlesex, of which it is the county town; 7 miles (W. by S.) from Hydepark Corner, and on the great western road; New Brentford containing 2174 inhabitants, and Old Brentford 5058. This place, formerly called Brainforde, takes its name from an ancient ford on the small river Brent. In 1016 Edmund Ironside, having compelled the Danes to raise the siege of London, pursued them to this place, where they were routed with great slaughter. A chapter of the order of the Garter was held here in 1445; and, in the 25th of Henry VI., an hospital for a master and several brethren, of the Nine Orders of Angels, was founded in a chapel beyond the bridge, at the western end of the town, once known as West Brentford: the revenue appears to have been £40, and the site was granted to Edward, Duke of Somerset, in the 1st of Edward VI. In 1558, six Protestants were burnt here at the stake. In the great civil war the place was the scene of a battle, in which the royalists, though victorious, were obliged to retire from the field, by the sudden arrival of a strong reinforcement to the enemy from London. For his services in this battle, which occurred on the 12th of November, 1642, Patrick Ruthen, Earl of Forth in Scotland, was created an English peer by the title of Earl of Brentford, which title was subsequently conferred by William III. upon Mareschal Schomberg, who had accompanied him to England at the Revolution. Several skirmishes also took place in 1647, between the royal guards stationed here and the parliamentary troops quartered at Hounslow.
The town consists of one street, more than a mile in length, paved, and lighted with gas, under an act of parliament obtained in 1825 and amended in 1842. The river Thames runs parallel with the street; and over it, at the eastern extremity of the town, is a handsome stone bridge leading to Kew: the Brent, uniting the Grand Junction canal with the Thames, crosses Brentford on the west; and over this is a neat stone bridge erected by the county in 1825, replacing a bridge of great antiquity, at one time supported by a toll levied upon Jewish passengers exclusively. There are a large malt-distillery, an extensive brewery, and a soap-manufactory; but the chief trade of the town is derived from its situation on the great western road (now much diminished, however, by the construction of the Great Western railway), and from the union of the canal with the Thames. The market is on Tuesday; and fairs are held on May 17th, 18th, and 19th, for cattle, and September 12th, 13th, and 14th, for toys and pedlery. The town is within the jurisdiction of the county magistrates, who hold a petty-session for the division every alternate week: the powers of the county debt-court of Brentford, established in 1847, extend over the registrationdistrict of Brentford. The parliamentary elections for the county take place at New Brentford.
The living of New Brentford is a perpetual curacy; net income, £283; patron, the Rector of Hanwell. The rectorial tithes have been commuted for £60, and the vicarial for £85. The chapel, dedicated to St. Lawrence, with the exception of the tower was rebuilt of brick in 1762: annexed to it is the residence of the minister. The chapel of Old Brentford, dedicated to St. George, was rebuilt in 1770, by subscription: the living was augmented in 1842 to £168 per annum by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and is a perpetual curacy in the gift of the Vicar of Ealing. There are places of worship for Particular Baptists, Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyans. A charity school for boys, established by subscription in 1703, was endowed by Lady Capel, in 1719, with the twelfth part of an estate, yielding at present £37. 10. per annum: the endowment, enlarged by subsequent benefactions, produces an annual income of £143. There is a national school, partly supported by an endowment. The poor law union of Brentford comprises 10 parishes or places, and contains a population of 37,054. Human skeletons have at various times been dug up in the neighbourhood.
BRENTINGBY, a chapelry, in the parish of Wyfordby, union of Melton-Mowbray, hundred of Framland, N. division of the county of Leicester, 2½ miles (E. by S.) from Melton-Mowbray; containing 54 inhabitants. The chapelry comprises about 600 acres: the soil is partly a cold clay, and partly of much richer quality; the pastures are luxuriant, and Stilton cheese is made here and in the neighbourhood. There is a curious old manor-house, repaired in 1846. The Melton-Mowbray and Oakham canal passes through the district. The chapel is an ancient structure.
BRENT-TOR (St. Michael), a parish, in the union and hundred of Tavistock, Tavistock and S. divisions of Devon, 4 miles (N.) from Tavistock; containing 169 inhabitants. This place partly derives its name from its situation on a lofty eminence or tor, which, differing materially in its strata from all other tors in Dartmoor Forest, is by geologists supposed to have been originally a volcanic eruption. It comprises 887 acres, whereof 100 are common or waste. The small river Lid runs through the parish; in which are also a fine sheet of water called Stowford Lake, and some mines of manganese. The village is built on the acclivity of the eminence; and the church, occupying its summit, forms a conspicuous landmark to vessels entering Plymouth harbour. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £60; patron and impropriator, the Duke of Bedford.


text:
Teresa Giudice FLIPS the Eff OUT Over Joe's Deportation!
By Author Simon Delott at Dec 12, 2019 • Category Joe Giudice
In real time, we know that Joe Giudice was deported and there's no telling when Teresa will see her husband again.
Seeing it all play out on The Real Housewives of New Jersey, fans get to watch as it first sinks in to Teresa that her family will never be the same.
She can't even bring herself to share the news with two of her daughters.
Teresa sits down with her family attorney and with her brother, Joe Gorga, to figure out what to do.
It turns into a kind of intervention, as Teresa realizes that if she doesn't give up on Joe, she may lose everything.
Disaster!
Teresa learns that Joe has lost his appeal against his deportation, and she finds herself in a crisis and faced with difficult choices.
Teresa was in panic mode
She wanted to sit down with Jim Leonard, her family attorney, and Joe Gorga, her brother to assess her situation (on camera) and have an extremely difficult conversation.
Joe's deportation still doesn't feel real to her
"I feel like I'm just so numb," Teresa confessed. "I feel like I can't even believe this is happening."
Teresa has mostly kept the news to herself
Teresa of course told Gia that Joe's appeal was denied, making Gia "so upset." She also told Gabriella, so "Gia's not the only one who has to deal with this."
But the other two didn't know yet
Audriana, the youngest, had already cried as she tried to remember specific instances with their dad during family vacations that happened when she was younger. And Milania was the most sensitive of the daughters, so Teresa was holding off on informing her.
That could be a recipe for disaster
Joe Gorga warned Teresa: "You better tell her. Don't let her hear it from somebody else."
Then things get even more serious
Jim lays it out for Teresa: ""I don't want speak too loud, but he's in trouble. His immigration lawyers made the arguments to the lower courts, and the courts have denied it very aggressively. I mean, they blew up every single argument."
So what can they do?
"So the next step is the other appeal, the third circuit," Jim details, "and saying, 'Please, the lower courts have made mistakes.'"
It may not be the best move
"It could take months," Jim cautioned. "We have to start the whole process all over again. But the problem is, this is his last chance, and you're not bringing forward new information."
It's a case of awful luck and even worse timing
"So I think the odds are against Joe at this stage," Jim assessed. "Immigration is the hottest topic on the planet, and I think Joe is caught in the crossfire of that."
So what are the odds?
Teresa asks for a percentage chance of her husband coming home. Jim tells her that it's "not good," but her brother presses for numbers, suggesting "50. 30. 10 percent?"
No such luck
Jim admits: "Given what we learned this morning, significantly less." When one of the options was 10%, that's not great news.
Teresa wallows in despair
"I feel helpless," she admitted. "I want him to come home. We have four daughters together. I didn't sign up to do this alone."
Joe is completely broken
"Joe was calling me," Teresa shared, "and he's like, 'I'm sorry I let you guys down. I'm sorry.'"
Teresa gets a financial wakeup call
"Let me ask a serious question here," Joe Gorga asks his sister. "Why continue to fight? You're burying yourself financially." Teresa said their daughters wanted him to fight. "Yeah, but when there's no money," Joe warned, "it's that much harder. You know that, right?"
She has so much left to lose
"So for your future, your daughters, your everything — to keep going?" Joe asks his sister. "You have to think now as a business person that he's not coming home. Sometimes, you have to understand, 'It's not going anywhere. I might have to move on.'"
Teresa wasn't ready to hear it
"I understand what my brother's saying," she says to Bravo's cameras, "but I've been through financial strain before. I had to pay back taxes, I had to pay off all our debts, so how can I put a price tag on my daughters having their daddy home?"
That's rough
That said, your children must always come first, because they are your responsibility. If it's a choice between having their dad home and putting their educational and financial futures at risk, or worse, that's a no-brainer. Therapy can help people cope with an absent dad, but not a lack of a college education.
You can really feel the pain
In comparison to all of this, getting chewed out by Danielle Staub for leaking that she boffed Marty is a veritable cakewalk.
Deavan Clegg Looks Unrecognizable After Fixing Botched Lips!
Cheyenne Floyd: Daughter Hospitalized For Frightening Health Issue


When will the download be released?
Hmmm, it doesn't state that this was cancelled. So maybe you guys are still up to it?
Hey, this looks really interesting, but what it the status of it?
I know it kind of says in the description thingie, but that is a year ago?