text:
Q: How to dynamically scale StarCluster/qsub/EC2 to run parallel jobs across multiple nodes I am new to using Startcluster/qsub/grid engine to run parallel jobs and I tried reading couple of other posts regarding the same. I still am not sure of how to build a scalable solution for my specific requirement. I would like to take in some more suggestions before I proceed with the same.
Here are my requirements:

*

*I have a huge tar file [~40 - 50 GB and it can go up to 100GB]
-----> There is not much I can do here. I have accept that a huge single tar file as input.

*I have to untar and uncompress it
----->I run tar xvf tarfilename.tar | parallel pbzip -d to untar and uncompress the same.

*The output of this uncompression is say few hundred thousand files, approx 500,000 files.

*This uncompressed files have to processed. I have modular code that can take in every single file and process it and output 5 different files.
Tar File -----Parallel Uncompression---> Uncompressed Files -----Parallel Processing ---> 5 output files per file processed

*

*I currently have a parallel python script which runs on a 16 cores, 16GB memory taking in this list of uncompressed files and processing the same in parallel.

*The problem is how do I seamlessly scale. For example, if my code has been say running for 10 hours and I would like to add one more 8 core machine to it, I cannot do it in parallel python as I would have to know the number of processors in advance.

*At the same time, when I dynamically add more nodes to the currently cluster, how about the data accessibility and read/write operations?
So, I went about reading and doing basic experimentation with starcluster and qsub. While I see I can submit multiple jobs via qsub, How will I make it to take the input files from the uncompressed input folder?
For example, Can I write a script.sh which in for loop pick the file names one by one and submit the same to qsub command? Is there another efficient solution?
Say, if have 3 machines with 16 CPUs each, and if I submit 48 jobs to the queue, will the qsub launch them automatically in different CPUs of the clusters or will I have to use Parallel environment parameters like -np orte command set the number of CPUs in each cluster respectively. Is it necessary to make my python script MPI executable?
As a summary, I have a few hundred thousand files as input, I would like to submit them to a job queues to multi core machines. If I dynamically add more machines, the jobs should automatically be distributed.
Another major challenge is I need all the output of the 500,000 odd operations to be aggregated at the end? Is there a suggestion on how to aggregate output of parallel jobs as and when output is written out?
I am test running few scenarios but I would like to know if there are people who have experimented on similar scenarios.
Any suggestions using Hadoop Plugin? http://star.mit.edu/cluster/docs/0.93.3/plugins/hadoop.html
Thanks in Advance
Karthick

A: *

*I/O and data sharing. If you're I/O is low, you can possibly leave your data on your master node and use nfs to share it among your nodes. If you have a lot of I/O, I would recommend using an S3 bucket.

*Distribution: Your bash script that launches multiple qsub is the right thing to do. It's up to you to either call it on a single file or on a few files at once.

*Scaling: See your parallel jobs running on the cluster as different tasks. It's up to you to run 1 or more instances of your application on each node. Eg.: If you use cr1.8xlarge nodes, you have 32 cores. You can launch 1 instance of your app there using the 32 cores or 4 instances of your app using 8 cores. See "slots" configuration for each nodes within Open Grid Engine. (If you were more willing to run one big instance of your app combining the cores of multiple nodes, I never did it so I can't help you with that.) Then, to add a node, you can use the "addnode" command from StarCluster. Once the node is up, OGS will automatically distribute jobs there too. You could also use StarCluster loadbalancer to automatically add/remove nodes.
So, here is my suggestion.
1. Extract your files to S3.
2. Launch StarCluster
3. Using your bashscript, qsub a job for every few files (might be more efficient for a job to work on say 10 files than having a job for every single files)
4. Your application must I/O to s3.
5. When the queue is empty, have a script look at the results to make sure all jobs ran well. You may reschedule jobs when the output is missing.

*

*I don't know how your aggregation is done so I can't tell.

*I never used hadoop, so I can't help there either.

*You have no need to make your python script MPI executable.

*If you use an heterogeneous cluster, then you know from the start how many cores will be available on each nodes.

*If you define a node with 32 cores to have 4 slots, then you should make your jobs use at most 8 cores each.

A: After some time researching on various options available for dynamic scaling, I decided to use the Queue mechanism to distribute jobs to multiple workers.
Job_Manager - Reads input, constructs job, adds the job into the queue
SQS Queue is the Queue service
Worker processes - Listens to the queue and processes the output.
The input/output drives are NFS and are available to all the server/clients.
To dynamically scale, Add NFS client info in /exports and restart the server. The active clients have a rw,hard,intr configuration in their respective fstab. By launching n worker processes in the new client, more workers are added to process.
In so far, it is reliable and scaling well. I was able to launch close 90 workers across 3 machines, and process 200,000 files in less than 5 hours. Earlier, it was taking close to 24 hours for the same as I couldn't distribute data and run workers across multiple nodes.


One of the most effective means for disseminating fire prevention educational material and programs in the NorthWest is through fire prevention cooperatives. For instance, in 1979, the Central Oregon Fire Prevention Cooperative (COFPC) was formed to facilitate the exchange of resources and ideas among various regional agencies. Its membership is dedicated to the prevention of fires in the mid-Oregon region. To reach its goals, COFPC coordinates fire safety education programs, presentations, and projects.
The COFPC provides the very important service of pooling the scarce resources (i.e., people and funding) available to individual public fire and life safety organizations in the region. By pooling resources, COFPC offers coordination and synergies that provide small fire prevention agencies opportunities for educational outreach that they otherwise couldn't pursue. By coordinating a consistent fire prevention message across the mid-Oregon region, COFPC effectively reinforces the important public education and awareness function on an efficient basis. It has been doing this since its inception.
Smokey's friends never play with matches or lighters. What do you do if you see a fire burning out of control? Call 911 What do you do if you find matches or a lighter at home? Give them to your mom or dad. (Or the babysitter, grandma, etc? a grown-up). What do you do if you find matches or lighters on the way to school? Give them to a grown-up. What do you do if you find a younger child playing with matches or a lighter? Nicely take them away and give them to a grown-up.
While COFPC serves as a central clearing house for fire prevention education, it recognizes the specific needs of individual organizations with regard to communicating important information. Such information includes burn plans, closures, and public use restrictions, proper Fire Extinguisher training, as well as fire information for the Central Oregon Interagency Dispatch Center or fire teams.
COFPC is just one example of how NorthWestern fire prevention education can be strengthened and reinforced through careful coordination and sharing. The program makes fire prevention awareness available to residents, children, recreationists and businesses. All such programs have one fundamental message: learn to stop fires before they start!
This site is presented by the Pacific Northwest Wildfire Coordinating Group. The PNWCG is established to provide a coordinated interagency approach to wildfire management in Oregon and Washington. It is composed of fire prevention professionals from the USDA Forest Service, the USDI Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, National Park Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, along with the Oregon Department of Forestry, Washington Department of Natural Resources, Washington Association of Fire Chiefs, and the Oregon Fire Chiefs Association.


The distance between Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and Bambui, Brazil is approximately 9,260 km or 5,754 mi.
To reach Winnipeg, Manitoba in this distance one would set out from Bambui bearing 329.6° or NNW and follow the great circles arc to approach Winnipeg, Manitoba bearing 312.4° or NW .
Winnipeg, Manitoba has a warm summer continental/ hemiboreal climate with no dry season (Dfb) whereas Bambui has a humid subtropical climate with dry winters (Cwa).
Winnipeg, Manitoba is in or near the cool temperate steppe biome whereas Bambui is in or near the subtropical moist forest biome.
The mean temperature is 18.3 °C (32.9°F) cooler.
Total annual precipitation averages 922.2 mm (36.3 in) less which is equivalent to 922.2 l/m² (22.63 US gal/ft²) or 9,222,000 l/ha (985,893 US gal/ac) less. About 1/3 as much.
The altitude of the sun at midday is overall 28.1° lower in Winnipeg, Manitoba than in Bambui.
Relative humidity levels are 12.7% lower.
The mean dew point temperature is 20.5°C (36.9°F) lower.
The table shows values for Winnipeg, Manitoba relative to Bambui. You can also view this comparison the other way around from the perspective of Bambui vs Winnipeg, Manitoba.


text:
Q: Combinging SWFs and other resources into a single SWF file We have a program that produces several SWF files, some CSS and XML files, all of which need to be deployed for the thing to work.
Is there a program or technique out there for wrapping all these files together into a single SWF file?

A: If you use the Flex compiler (mxmlc or FlexBuilder) you can embed SWF files and create them at runtime, more or less like you would create any display object:
package {

  public class Assets {

    [Embed(source="another.swf")]
    public var another : Class;

  }

}

The code above embeds the file another.swf and makes it possible to create it in another SWF, like this:
package {

  import flash.display.Sprite;

  public class MyFancySite extends Sprite {

    public function MyFancySprite( ) {
      var theOther : DisplayObject = new Assets.another();

      addChild(theOther);
    }

  }

}

CSS, XML and any other file can be embedded in a similar fashion. Here's a description: http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/html/help.html?content=embed_4.html

A: I think you can just drag them into the library of your main swf and make references to them. At least the other SWFs you can, not sure about the CSS and XML.

A: You can use the flex sdk and the [EMBED ] tag for all those files, as for the xml and css you can just compile them in the wrapper swf produced by flex. It works by having a 'skeleton' mxml file that will be injected with the css and xml, and then embed the swf files.

A: using flex to easily embed them is a good way to go, and if that doesn't sound like fun, think of it this way - XML and CSS data is really just a big long string - so hard-code the string data as a variable inside of your project, and use it as normal.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Click on a pet's image to view their biography. If you are ready to adopt and want to start the process of becoming a new adoptive parent, please review our Adoption FAQ and complete an adoption questionnaire for our review. We will get back to you within 48 hours.


There are many really amazing things about having an RV. The travels, the memories and the friends you make along the way are just some of the reasons for participating in the RV lifestyle. Every so often there are tasks that make you wonder if vacationing the way everyone else does wouldn't be easier. Getting a hotel where someone else has to clean your mess, maybe an all-inclusive place where you don't even have to cook. Sometimes the fact that an RV is like a home away from home is really a nuisance. It means that you still need to clean and cook for everyone, not to mention all the maintenance that goes into owning an RV.
Emptying the black water tank is probably the most dreaded chore in the RVing world. When dealing with black water disposal it is always important to try and keep everything as sanitary and efficient as possible. Investing in proper dumping accessories and fittings will allow you to transfer your black water in a hygienic way that will also be much faster and easier. At Dyers we have a wide variety of sewer hose supports that keep your hose off the ground, to keep your hose safe. The supports can also aid draining, making this tedious task a little faster. Quality sewer fittings and hoses will make this dirty job a breeze, allowing you to spend more time enjoying your friends and family.
If we don't have something you are looking for contact customer service we will see what we can do to help get what you need. Like any successful company online or not, customer service is our life blood, let us know what we can do to make your experience with Dyersonline.com better.


Long time since last post, we have passed two month plenty on work developing our project Olymper.com and the other parts of our athletics timing solution. The good new is that last race we had great results (really close to 100%).
Now is time to think in the future, we have expend some time looking for the state of the art of portable apps such as django-photologue, django-cms, Dinette, socialauth among others. It's great to see how portable apps are making Django even better, as you can plug some well-tested application into your app and get those features most sites need.
At this time we have integrated django-photologue (not in production environment yet) in Olymper.com. We are planning to include some other apps in the next months as well.
Django-photologue has some really nice features. The way it manage sizes is just outstanding. It's really customizable and flexible while still easy. The integration is really easy just plug, write some templates, link from the other applications and start fun!!!.
I expect to be less busy for the next months so I'll try to write something from time to time.


text:
Thet Thet Wai (; born 16 February 1996) also known as Bora, is a Burmese bodybuilder and an activist for harsher penalties for rape.

Competitive placings

VX Bikini Model 2017 - Third Prize (Open Category)

Bodybuilding and Physique Competition on Olympic Day 2018 - Second Prize (Under 5' 3'' Model Physique Category)

Yangon Region Women's Athletic Physique Competition 2018 - First Prize (Under 5' 3'' Model Physique Category)

Activism
Thet Thet Wai has been active in campaigning justice for a young girl who was raped and murdered in Madaya in February 2018. This case became part of a national conversation about harsher punishments for rapists. She signed a petition circulating on Facebook calling on parliament to issue the death sentence for rapists.

After she signed the petition, the Women's Protection Organization approached Thet Thet Wai for a statement of support, and she became one of many internet celebrities — including models and singers — leading the campaign to advocate for the death sentence for rapists. That campaign is called "Death to Rapists".

In June, a motion on the death penalty for child rapists was brought to Myanmar's House of Representatives. It was a close call — over a third voted in favor of the motion, which will be kept on record as parliament draws up a separate bill to address violence against women and children.

Personal life
Thet Thet Wai was born on 16 February 1996 in Myanmar. She graduated with a degree in business management in 2016.

References

Burmese female bodybuilders
1996 births
Living people
Professional bodybuilders
People from Yangon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Latest Health, Fitness, Medical and Paramedical, Cosmetics and Beauty Information Resource for doctors, patients and fitness freaks. Telemedicine Telehealth Telecare, Doctor Online, Remote Patient Monitoring, Surgery, Nursing Healthtech Healthcare information Resources
MicroB
Bacteriology Reasearch Development Microbiology Branch
Research and development in Bacteriology Subject
Bacteriology is a branch of microbiology. It mainly studies the science of bacteria morphology, physiology, biochemistry, ecology, genetics, evolution, classification and its application.
The main role of bacteriology is to study the immunity of the human body.
Name: Bacteriology
Attribution: A branch of microbiology
Research content: Various aspects of bacteria and their Applications
Research Object: Bacteria
Origin Time: 1889 - 1901
What is the Definition of Bacteriology?
Bacteriology Definition: In 1676, Levin Hook first discovered that the bacteria in the oral cavity were called "small creatures" at that time. In 1861, Pasteur's experiments with his famous gooseneck flask strongly proved the presence of bacteria in the air. According to his research on fermentation, he pointed out that there are many kinds of bacteria in the air. Their life activities can cause the fermentation of organic matter and produce various useful products. Some products can also be used for the subsequent fermentation of other bacteria. Some products.
What is Bacteriology Research Object?
Pathogens of humans and animals also exist in the air, which can cause various diseases. In order to eliminate bacteria, Pasteur created the pasteurization method in 1886. In 1877, the British chemist Tyndall established the intermittent sterilization method or the Tin sterilization method.
Aseptic surgery was founded in 1876. In the same year, the German Koch isolated anthrax bacteria and proposed the famous Koch law. In order to understand the difference between Vibrio cholerae and other vibrio indistinguishable in morphology, he conducted physiological and biochemical researches, which led to the first development of medical bacteriology.
Around 1880, Pasteur developed vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax, and swine erysipelas, laying the foundation for immunology. Koch first used the plate method to obtain single colonies of anthrax, confirming that the morphology and function of the bacteria are relatively constant.
Since the initial victory of the monomorphism theory, a bacterial classification system based on morphological size has been established, and then the physiological and biochemical characteristics are used as the basis for classification, which gradually enriches the content of bacterial taxonomy.
In the last 20 years of the nineteenth century, the development of bacteriology went beyond the scope of medical bacteriology, and industrial bacteriology and agricultural bacteriology were quickly established and developed.
From 1885 to 1890, Vinogradsky was formulated into a pure inorganic medium, and autotrophic bacteria (nitrifying bacteria, sulfidizing bacteria, etc.) were separated using a silica gel plate. A "rich culture method" was also developed to easily meet Of bacteria are selected from the natural environment.
What is the Historical Development of Bacteriology?
Bacteriology History and Development: From 1889 to 1901, Byerlink successfully isolated rhizobia and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, confirming the role of bacteria in material transformation, improving soil fertility and controlling plant diseases.
In the early 20th century, bacteriologists made great progress in studying infectious pathogens, immunity, chemical drugs, and chemical activity of bacteria. They basically confirmed that the fermentation mechanism of bacteria is roughly the same as the glycolysis of vertebrate muscles. The growth factor needs are basically the same as the vertebrate needs for vitamins.
In 1943, Delbrück analyzed the mutants of E. coli. In 1944, Avery found that the transformation in pneumococcus was determined by DNA; in 1957, Kinoshita produced amino acids by fermentation.
In E. coli After making insulin, in 1980, Gilbert used bacteria to make human interferon, thus pushing the research of bacteriology to the level of molecular biology.
Bacteria have the characteristics of small size, fast reproduction, strong vitality, many types, and easy mutation. They can be researched and produced under artificially controlled conditions, and are important research tools in modern biology and other disciplines.
Author's Bio
Dr. Shawna Reason
Name: Shawna Reason
Education: MBBS, MD
Occupation: Medical Doctor / Virologist
Specialization: Medical Science, Micro Biology / Virology, Natural Treatment
Experience: 15 Years as a Medical Practitioner
About Me | Linkedin | Quora Profile | Medium Profile | Twitter
Labels: MicroB
Microbiology FAQs. Course and Journal
Microbiology (Academic Subject and Medical Department) Meaning of Microbiology : Microbiology is one of the branches of biology. It is to study the morphological structure, growth and reproduction of various micro-organisms (bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, viruses, Rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochete protozoa and single-cell algae) at the molecular, cellular or population level. It is also a name of medical department that studies and applies the subject. It also studies physiological metabolism, genetic variation, ecological distribution and taxonomic evolution and other basic laws of life activities, and apply it to science in the fields of industrial fermentation, medical hygiene and bioengineering. Microbiology is a science that studies the laws of life activities and biological characteristics of various tiny organisms. Discipline Name: Microbiology Subject: Biology Definition: One of the branches of biology studying micro organisms
Can Dolphins Live in Fresh Water?
Is it Possible for Dolphins to Live in Fresh Water? We are very familiar with dolphins and fin-less porpoises, but dolphins and fin-less porpoises are both in the same family. Why is there a difference between finless porpoise and porpoise? Can dolphins follow the estuary and live in the big rivers? Let me start with the answer: a small part can, the vast majority cannot. The reason is simply three sentences: can't swim, eat, and live. In detail, it may be longer and boring. You must be mentally prepared. At present, whether it is fossil evidence or molecular biology research, it is still believed that cetaceans have a single origin, that is, the current whales and dolphins evolved from the same ancestor. Of course, various whales and dolphins have embarked on their own different evolutionary paths. To this day, more than 80 kinds of whales and dolphins with completely different body shapes, habits and distribution areas have been evolved. From the physical stru
Ayurveda Ayurvedic Treatment Therapy Science
What is Ayurveda? Ayurvedic Science and Treatment in India: Ayurveda is a form of healing and the science of long life. It is a traditional Indian therapeutic method that is well-known throughout the world. The Atharva Veda of the Vedas is its source. The Vedas is a vast body of knowledge that was directly transmitted from God to revered saints. The Vedas are also said to be God's own manifestation. The tie between Ayurveda and God is eternal since this knowledge is disclosed each time it is generated. The written history of ayurveda dates back more than 5,000 years. Before the written records, it had been around for thousands of years. Its herbal system is still used today, making it the oldest complete healthcare system in the world. Ayurvedic medicine is what is meant by this. According to legend, Maharshi Sushruta learned the fundamental principles of Ayurveda from Brahma. The "SushrutaSamhita," "Charak Samhita," and "Bela Samhita," along w
Oral & Dentistry
Biotb
Name: Shikha Rawat Education: MD Experience: 15 Years of Practical Working Experience. Profession: Medical Transcription
Biotb Guide
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text:
Agreements about sales and deliveries
Definitions & General
In these terms and conditions, the following terms are defined as stated below:Hycult Biotechnology (H.B.T.) B.V. is a private company with limited liability operating under the brand name Hycult Biotech , also offering additionally contract research and contract manufacturing under the name "Biocult" hereinafter collectively further referred to as "HYCULT", with its registered office and principal place of business in (5405 PB) Uden, the Netherlands, Frontstraat 2a, registered in the Chamber of Commerce under number 16073872.
"Other Party": every natural person or legal entity who or that has concluded or wishes to conclude, respectively, an agreement with HYCULT or, also the representative(s), authorised agent(s), successor(s) in title and / or heir(s) of same.
1. Applicability of the conditions, titles and language
1.1 These conditions apply to all offers, legal relationships and agreements whereby HYCULT delivers products and/or services of whatever nature to the Other Party. Departures from these conditions will only be effective if expressly agreed in writing, whereas writing or written is defined as correspondence by e-mail, fax or by regular post between the parties.
1.2 If one or more provisions in the conditions is or becomes at any time fully or partly void or invalid, this shall not affect the remaining provisions in the conditions.
1.3 HYCULT may during the existence of the legal relationship make requirements for communications between the parties or for legal transactions to take place via digital media.
1.4 The applicability of any terms of purchase or other terms and conditions of the Other Party are explicitly rejected. Consequently, general (purchase) conditions of the Other Party are not applicable.
2. The offer and realization of the agreement
2.1 An agreement between HYCULT and the Other Party is concluded by a written offer and a written acceptance of this offer.
2.2 HYCULT is only bound by any sources supplied by or on behalf of HYCULT such as – but not exclusively – price lists, brochures, catalogues, folders, websites and other data insofar as explicit reference is made in the offer or agreement to data from these sources.
2.3 HYCULT is authorized to engage third parties for the implementation of the agreement and to charge the Other Party for the costs of this in accordance with the rates given.
3. Secrecy
3.1 Both HYCULT and The Other Party undertake to observe strict confidentiality with regard to all confidential information they receive from each other. They shall also impose this confidentiality obligation on their employees as well as to third parties who have been contracted by them in connection with any Agreement between HYCULT and The Other Party.
3.2. Information will also be regarded as confidential if either HYCULT or The Other Party indicates such information as confidential.
3.3. In addition, The Other Party is forbidden to copy any HYCULT information either wholly or partially and/or to make it known to third parties in whatever way and/ or to allow it to be used by third parties and/or to sell it or place it at anybody's disposal.
3.4 The Other Party is only permitted to use the data and information insofar necessary for the fulfillment of the agreement. At the first request of HYCULT, and if the agreement is not realized or is cancelled, the Other Party must return all the materials, designs, calculations, information, data, etc., indicated here to HYCULT immediately.3.5. If the Other Party violates paragraph 3 or 4 of this article, the other party will forfeit to HYCULT an immediately due and payable penalty of € 7.500,00 for each violation as well as a penalty of € 500,00 for each day that the violation continues, without prejudice to HYCULT's right to claim compliance in addition to that penalty and to claim full compensation instead of that penalty.
4. Amendments to the agreement
4.1 Any entire or partial amendment or cancellation of the agreement may only be made with prior written consent from HYCULT.
4.2 If HYCULT consents to such amendment or cancellation, the Other Party is obliged in each case to pay HYCULT for the costs of work already undertaken by HYCULT.
4.3 In the event of such amendment or cancellation HYCULT is permitted to invoice the Other Party for the related costs and to reestablish the delivery and lead times in relation to his commitments under the agreement.
5.1 Any offer made by HYCULT is without prejudice. Therefore, any price details/offers and rates contained therein are included with all rights reserved.
5.2 Prices are in Euro (€) and:
– based on delivery Ex Works (in accordance with Incoterms);
– exclusive of VAT, import duties and other taxes, levies and duties;
– exclusive of transport and insurance costs;
6.1 Subject to these Terms and Conditions, and to the terms and conditions of any license provided by HYCULT that is specific to a particular product (which shall govern with respect to such Product in the event of conflict with these Terms and Conditions), HYCULT hereby grants to the Other Party and the end-user a non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sub licensable license to use the product(s) provided to the Other Party and the end-user by HYCULT only in accordance with the manuals and written instructions provided by HYCULT and with HYCULT product label. The Other Party understands and agrees that except as expressly set forth in these Terms and Conditions (or in the HYCULT-provided license specific to a particular product), no right or license to any patent or other intellectual property owned or licensable by HYCULT is conveyed or implied by these Terms and Conditions for any product or service. In particular, no right or license is conveyed or implied to use any product provided hereunder in combination with a product not provided, licensed or specifically recommended by HYCULT for such use.
6.2 Except for the use of HYCULT background IP, confidential information or trade secrets this limited license is exempted in case of contract research or contract manufacturing services for which HYCULT and the Other Party shall settle terms in the offer and/or a separate agreement.
7. Delivery and delivery time
7.1 Title and risk of loss or damage will pass to the Other Party upon delivery of the products to the carrier. Irrespective of the moment at which the risk transfers to the Other Party, the moment of delivery shall be deemed to be the same as the moment on which the products are offloaded or landed at the agreed place (actual transfer).
7.2 The Other Party must report any shortages, defects and damage in writing directly to HYCULT within eight (8) days of the delivery. If nothing is reported the products will be regarded as having reached the Other Party in good condition, complete and without damage and therefore as agreed.
7.3 HYCULT is entitled to deliver in installments (part-deliveries) and to invoice these installments separately.
7.4 Lead times and delivery dates given in the quotes/offers/proposal for commitments of HYCULT are not absolute deadlines. Delay shall therefore not arise until the Other Party has declared HYCULT in default and granted her a reasonable period to fulfill the commitments under the agreement.
7.5 HYCULT is obliged to observe the specified delivery time or delivery period as much as possible. In the event of exceeding the delivery period, HYCULT cannot held accountable for any damages and is therefore not obliged to provide any compensation for damages of whatsoever nature. Exceeding a delivery time or delivery period does not give the Other Party the right to terminate or to dissolve the agreement. In cases where a delivery time or period is exceeded excessively, parties must consult with each other.
8. Transport and packing
8.1 HYCULT shall, based on his experience, determine the method of packaging, transport, shipment, etc., of products.
8.2 If the Other Party has specific wishes and insofar as HYCULT agrees to these wishes in relation to packaging and/or transport, also including relocation within the business or company site, the Other Party is obliged to settle the costs invoiced for this by HYCULT.
9. Force majeure (non-liable failing)
9.1 None of the parties is obliged to fulfill any obligations, including any guarantee undertakings agreed between the parties, if he is prevented from doing so as a result of force majeure. Force majeure shall also be deemed to denote: (i) force majeure of subcontractors of HYCULT, (ii) failure to properly fulfill obligations by subcontractors that are stipulated by the Other Party, (iii) deficiency of items, or materials from third parties whereby said use is stipulated by the Other Party, (iv) governmental actions, (v) electricity failure, (vi) failure of the Internet, service providers, computer network or telecommunication facilities, (vii) war, (viii) occupation, (ix) strike, (x) general transport problems and (xi) the unavailability of one or more members of staff, (xii) terrorist attacks or hostage taking, (xiii), epidemics and pandemics, (xiv) financial crisis, (xv) the non-functioning of the payment network of the banks concerned.
9.2 If a situation of force majeure endures for longer than ninety (90) days, each of the parties shall have the right to dissolve the agreement in writing. Any work already carried out on the basis of the agreement shall in that case be settled pro rata, without the parties owing anything further to one another. The parties shall immediately make payment in connection with this settlement.
9.3 If HYCULT wishes to plead force majeure, she shall inform the Other Party of this as soon as practically possible. The consequences of force majeure shall come into effect from the moment that the eventuating circumstance, cause or incident has occurred.
9.4 If HYCULT is prevented by force majeure from fulfilling any commitments, on whatsoever legal basis, towards the Other Party and the force majeure is in the opinion of HYCULT temporary or provisional in nature, HYCULT is entitled to postpone implementation of the agreement until the circumstance that causes or caused the force majeure no longer applies.
9.5 If HYCULT, as a result of force majeure, is prevented from fulfilling his obligations with regard to one or more of his customers or buyers but not his obligations with respect to all his customers or buyers then HYCULT is entitled to decide himself which of the obligations will be fulfilled and for which customers or buyers as well as the order in which they will be fulfilled.
10. Guarantee/Service
10.1 With due observance to the provisions specified elsewhere in these conditions HYCULT guarantees the quality of the materials used and their promised characteristics as well as the correct working of the products provided by HYCULT in accordance with the accompanying product specifications.
10.2 Faults in any products supplied which fall under the guarantee will, exclusively at the discretion of HYCULT, be rectified or the products will be replaced if the faults, in the opinion of HYCULT and/or producer, are attributable to construction faults or faults/failings of the materials used as a result of which the products are unusable by the Other Party for the purpose for which they can reasonably be thought of as intended.
10.3 If it appears that the products offered to HYCULT for rectification or repair exhibit no faults then the Other Party is obliged to settle all costs incurred by HYCULT.
10.4 If the Other Party fails to fulfill one or more of his obligations then HYCULT is released from his guarantee obligations.
10.5 Satisfying the guarantee obligation shall be deemed to be the only and complete compensation.
11. Ownership reservation
11.1 Without prejudice to the provisions in Article 8 of these conditions regarding the risk and the transfer thereof, all the products supplied by or on behalf of HYCULT remain the property of HYCULT until the moment that the debt owed by the Other Party to HYCULT has been settled in full, this debt likewise including the amount that the Other Party has owed HYCULT since the realization of the agreement inclusive of all interest and costs. For so long as the ownership of the products supplied by or on behalf of HYCULT remains with HYCULT according to the provisions in this Article, the Other Party is obliged to hold these products separately from other products in such a way that they can easily and clearly be identified as the products of HYCULT.
11.2 In the case of non-payment by the Other Party of any amount due to HYCULT and furthermore when the agreement is ended, HYCULT will be entitled to demand the return of any products for which ownership reservation applies and to take the measures associated with this, taking into account any payments already made for the products, without prejudice to the right of HYCULT to demand compensation for possible loss or damage. In the case of non-payment or termination of an agreement each claim which HYCULT has against the Other Party becomes immediately due.
11.3 At the first request from HYCULT the Other Party must authorize the immediate return of the products which have not yet been fully paid for, wherever these may be.
12. Liability and Indemnification
12.1 If HYCULT is liable, this liability will be limited to the terms of this provision.
12.2 HYCULT is not liable for damage of any nature resulting from HYCULT working on the basis of incorrect and / or incomplete information provided by or on behalf of The Other Party.
12.3 If HYCULT should be liable for any damage, this liability will be limited to the invoice value of the order, at least the part of the order the liability pertains to.
12.4 The liability of HYCULT will in any case always be limited to the amount paid out by the insurer in such particular event plus the amount of the excess. HYCULT is not liable for events not covered by the insurance agreements concluded by HYCULT in that respect.
12.5. HYCULT will only be liable for direct damages.
12.6 Direct damage solely refers to the reasonable costs to establish the cause and the extent of the damage, in so far as the establishment relates to damage within the meaning of these conditions, any reasonable costs incurred to allow the defective performance of HYCULT conform to the agreement in so far as these are attributable to HYCULT and reasonable costs incurred for the prevention or limitation of damage, in so far as The Other Party demonstrates that these costs have resulted in the limitation of direct damage within the meaning of these general terms and conditions. HYCULT will never be liable for indirect damage, including consequential damage, loss of profit, lost savings and damage due to business interruption.
12.7 The limitation of liability as defined in this article also applies for all third parties engaged by HYCULT, including suppliers and / or agents.
12.8 The limitations of the liability included in this article do not apply if the damage is the result of wilful intent or gross negligence on the part of HYCULT or its managing employees.
12.9 The Other Party indemnifies HYCULT against any claims from third parties that suffer damages in relation to the performance of the agreement.
12.10 The Other Party indemnifies HYCULT against any claims from third parties for compensation of damages The Other Party is held accountable for, while said damage arose as a result of or is connected to a product or service delivered by HYCULT.
12.11 If HYCULT were to be held accountable by third parties for damages within the scope of the performance of the agreement, The Other Party will be held to assist HYCULT both extra judicially and judicially to immediately do all that may be expected of The Other Party in such an event. If The Other Party fails to take adequate measures, HYCULT itself will be entitled to take measures, without requiring a notice of default. All costs and damage on the part of HYCULT and third parties arising as a result of this will be entirely at the expense and risk of The Other Party.
13. Claims
13.1 Notwithstanding the provisions in Article 8.2 HYCULT shall only accept claims for processing if it receives them from the Other Party in Written form within eight (8) days of delivery. For hidden faults, claims are only possible within the guarantee period.
13.2 Claims can only be handled when the nature and grounds for the complaints are stated precisely.
13.3 Claims regarding invoices must be lodged in writing with HYCULT within eight (8) days of the date of the invoice.
13.4 Lodging a claim never discharges the Other Party from his payment obligations towards HYCULT.
13.5 Return of the delivery or any part thereof to HYCULT, for whatever reason, may only take place with express prior written consent and shipment instructions from HYCULT to the Other Party.
14. Intellectual or industrial property rights
14.1 All right of intellectual and industrial ownership to the products, analyses, designs, documentation, reports, proposals, and preparatory materials for the same developed or made available by HYCULT for the Other Party, remains exclusively with HYCULT, his licensors or his subcontractors. The Other Party only receives the usage rights that are expressly assigned in Article 6, the conditions and the law. These usage rights are non-exclusive and non-transferable to third parties. Any other or further right of the Other Party is excluded.
14.2 If, contrary to expectation, a good sold by HYCULT to the Other Party infringes an industrial or intellectual ownership right of a third party and the Other Party is held liable, then the Other Party is obliged at once to inform HYCULT in writing of the situation. In this case HYCULT has at his discretion either to supply the right to use that good to the Other Party, or to modify the good in such a way that there is no further infringement, or to deliver a replacement good that does not infringe the right, or once he receives the good back to repay to the Other Party the purchase price less a reasonable payment for the period that the Other Party had the good at his disposal.
15. Payment and default
15.1 The Other Party shall pay invoices in accordance with the terms of payment given in the invoice. If no specific conditions are stated in the invoice, the Other Party shall pay within thirty (30) days of the given date of invoice. The Other Party is not entitled to offset or delay payment. The date on HYCULT's bank or giro statement when the payment is recorded as received applies as date on which the payment has occurred.
15.2 Any payment by the Other Party shall – if applicable – go in the first place towards settlement of any interest he owes and towards any costs of collection and administrative costs owed to HYCULT, and then towards settlement of the outstanding claims in order of age, therefore commencing with the oldest outstanding claim.
15.3 If the Other Party does not settle sums owed to HYCULT punctually, the Other Party shall without a warning or declaration of default being necessary also owe the outstanding amount of 1.5% interest per month. If following reminder to pay, warning or declaration of default the Other Party still fails to fulfill his payment obligations within a reasonable period he shall by rights be in default. From that moment HYCULT may pass the claim on for collection. Once the claim is passed on the Other Party is obliged besides the rightfully established costs to reimburse HYCULT for the actual legal costs of HYCULT and the actual extra-judicial costs including the costs charged by external experts.
15.4 HYCULT may require one or more advance payments prior to commencement of the execution of the agreement or prior to HYCULT continuing its performance of the agreement. The payment of the advance invoice must be made within 14 days after the invoice date.
16. Cancellation by Other Party
16.1 If the Other Party wishes to cancel an order he has issued and HYCULT consents to this, the Other Party shall owe HYCULT for the costs of cancellation. The costs of cancellation are expressed as a percentage of the amount connected with the agreement which percentage depends on the work that has already been undertaken by HYCULT to implement the agreement, the nature or type of services and products to which the order relates, and the costs that he has incurred up to the moment of cancellation.
17. Field of use
17.1 Field of use of products is limited to the use as indicated on the label and/or documentation of the products and the territory where mentioned.
18. Privacy policy
18.1 Collection and use of information.
Data that is collected by subscription to our newsletters, filling of contact form, registration of account for webshop, direct orders and e-mail requests for technical support shall only be used for communications regarding HYCULT products and services. This information might include your address details, name of institute, email address, field of activity, first name, last name, password, phone number, username, various types of data, VAT Number and ZIP/Postal code. The collected information is limited for use to service your orders, assist with technical support and/or custom requests and keep you updated with relevant product updates and/or scientific news.
18.2 Security of data.
HYCULT is the sole owner of information collected on our website or via correspondence. Your personal information is not sold, exchanged, transferred or shared to any other company for any purpose without your consent, except when required to fulfill a request and/or transfer, such as to send an order.
18.3 Handling personal data.
Personal information is not disclosed, sold, traded or otherwise transferred to third parties. This is exclusive trusted third parties that service our website or CRM software, with the requirement that these parties have agreed to keep the information confidential and guarantee data protection.
18.4 Information protection.
HYCULT has arranged the necessary security measures to be able to protect personal information, which includes and is not limited to encryption methods or secured transfer over the internet.
18.5 Confidentiality.
Our employees are bound to strict confidentiality regarding HYCULT data. Employees involved in order & logistics, customer support and accounting and who need to perform specific activities such as billing, order shipments or customer service will have access to personally identifiable information.
18.6 Unsubscribe.
In case we use your email address to send information and updates regarding product information via newsletters we offer the option to unsubscribe in such communications.
19. Applicable law and disputes
19.1 These General Terms as well as any related Agreement between HYCULT and The Other Party, shall be governed by, and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Netherlands, excluding its conflict of law rules.
19.2 Any disputes following from or arising in connection with these General Terms and any related Agreement between HYCULT and The Other Party, that the Parties cannot resolve in mutual consultation, shall be exclusively submitted to the competent court in the Netherlands.
20.1 These Terms and Conditions constitute the entire agreement between the Other Party and HYCULT with respect to the subject matter hereof and is the final, complete, and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement, superseding all prior written and oral agreements, understandings and undertakings with respect to the subject matter hereof. The waiver of any provision or any breach thereof shall not affect any other provision of these Terms and Conditions. To the extent permitted by applicable law, these Terms and Conditions shall be governed by and construed according to the laws of the Netherlands with regard to conflict of law provisions. The U.N. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Products shall not apply to these Terms and Conditions. In the event that any provision of this Agreement or portion thereof is found to be illegal or unenforceable, the Agreement shall be construed without the unenforceable provision or portion thereof.
20.2 Provisions stated in a valid and signed HYCULT distribution or supply agreement supersedes these Terms and Conditions.
Hycult® Biotech is a registered trademark of Hycult Biotechnology B.V. and is ISO 13485 certified.


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text:
Lowest price: € 8.48, highest price: € 14.75, average price: € 10.70
Daniel Defoe:
Legion s New Paper: Being a Second Memorial to the Gentlemen of a Late House of Commons. with Legion s Humble Address to His Majesty. (Paperback) - Paperback
[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****. The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++British LibraryT071964Anonymous. By Daniel Defoe. Published between 11 November and 30 December 1701 (Moore). In this edition the pagination is correct, and the catchword on sig. B2v is just ; a variant has p. 9 misnumbered 7, and the catchword on sig. B2v is you. London: printed; and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster, 1702 [1701] 20p.; 4
The Book Depository US, Gloucester, ., United Kingdom [58762574] [Rating: 5 (von 5)]
NEW BOOK Shipping costs:Versandkostenfrei (EUR 0.00)
[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****.The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++British LibraryT071964Anonymous. By Daniel Defoe. Published between 11 November and 30 December 1701 (Moore). In this edition the pagination is correct, and the catchword on sig. B2v is just ; a variant has p. 9 misnumbered 7, and the catchword on sig. B2v is you. London: printed; and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster, 1702 [1701] 20p.; 4
The Book Depository, Gloucester, UK, United Kingdom [54837791] [Rating: 5 (von 5)]
Defoe, Daniel:
Legion's New Paper: Being a Second Memorial to the Gentlemen of a Late House of Commons. with Legion's Humble Address to His Majesty. - Paperback
2010, ISBN: 1170620590, Lieferbar binnen 4-6 Wochen Shipping costs:Versandkostenfrei innerhalb der BRD
Internationaler Buchtitel. In englischer Sprache. Verlag: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, 26 Seiten, L=189mm, B=246mm, H=1mm, Gew.=64gr, [GR: 27400 - TB/Politikwissenschaft/Soziologie], [SW: - Sociology], Kartoniert/Broschiert
Lieferbar binnen 4-6 Wochen (Besorgungstitel) Shipping costs:Versandkostenfrei innerhalb der BRD
Legion's New Paper: Being a Second Memorial to the Gentlemen of a Late House of Commons. With Legion's Humble Address to His Majesty - Paperback
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[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****. The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapi… More...
[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****. The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++British LibraryT071964Anonymous. By Daniel Defoe. Published between 11 November and 30 December 1701 (Moore). In this edition the pagination is correct, and the catchword on sig. B2v is just ; a variant has p. 9 misnumbered 7, and the catchword on sig. B2v is you. London: printed; and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster, 1702 [1701] 20p.; 4<
- The Book Depository US, Gloucester, ., United Kingdom [58762574] [Rating: 5 (von 5)]
[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****.The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapid… More...
[EAN: 9781170620595], Neubuch, [PU: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, United States], Brand New Book ***** Print on Demand *****.The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary.++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++British LibraryT071964Anonymous. By Daniel Defoe. Published between 11 November and 30 December 1701 (Moore). In this edition the pagination is correct, and the catchword on sig. B2v is just ; a variant has p. 9 misnumbered 7, and the catchword on sig. B2v is you. London: printed; and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster, 1702 [1701] 20p.; 4<
- The Book Depository, Gloucester, UK, United Kingdom [54837791] [Rating: 5 (von 5)]
Lieferbar binnen 4-6 Wochen Shipping costs:Versandkostenfrei innerhalb der BRD
Internationaler Buchtitel. In englischer Sprache. Verlag: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, 26 Seiten, L=189mm, B=246mm, H=1mm, Gew.=64gr, [GR: 27400 - TB/Politikwissenschaft/Soziologie], [SW: … More...
Internationaler Buchtitel. In englischer Sprache. Verlag: Gale Ecco, Print Editions, 26 Seiten, L=189mm, B=246mm, H=1mm, Gew.=64gr, [GR: 27400 - TB/Politikwissenschaft/Soziologie], [SW: - Sociology], Kartoniert/Broschiert<
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Legion's New Paper: Being a Second Memorial to the Gentlemen of a Late House of Commons. with Legion's Humble Address to His Majesty.
Details of the book - Legion's New Paper: Being a Second Memorial to the Gentlemen of a Late House of Commons. with Legion's Humble Address to His Majesty.
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Top Ten Tuesday is a weekly feature hosted by The Broke and the Bookish. This week's topic is "Top Ten Books I've Recently Added To My TBR". I went through my Want To Read list on Goodreads again for this one. Most books I've got to know because of reviews on a couple of blogs I love to read. Others are books from my favorite authors. I've listed the last ten book I've added to my TBR. Oh, and I cheated a bit, because sometimes I listed two books under one number. Why? Because they are books from the same serie (and most of the time I add all the books in a serie at the same time).
Top Ten Tuesday is a weekly feature hosted by The Broke and the Bookish. This week's topic is "Top Ten 2015 Releases I Meant To Get To But Didn't." This is the first time I'm joining and I'm so excited! Although last year, I read a lot of books (117 in total), there are multiple books that came out in 2015 that I just didn't get to. In this list I'll show you my top ten. I went through my Want To Read list on Goodreads for this. Maybe this year I will find the time to read them.


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Home / Why Do We Get So Angry Over Politics?
Why Do We Get So Angry Over Politics?
and , are , Here's Why People Become Angry When Their Political Beliefs Are Challenged , seeker , the , Why Do Politics Make Us So Angry? , Why do politics makes us mad , Why Do We Get So Angry Over Politics? , Why Do We Get So Upset About Politics? , Why Do We Get So Upset Over Politics? , Why People Become Angry When Their Political Beliefs Are Challenged , Why People Get Angry When Talking About Politics , Why politics divides us , Why politics makes us angry , Why Republicans and Democrats hate each other
I am Mr. Beat Why won't you listen to my political views? Why won't you see things my way? I've got everything already figured out! And why won't you just listen to m- Ok, I've calmed down a bit. But I just wish you would understand how my political beliefs are the best. Anyway, I'm sorry I got so worked up there. Hey, why DO people get so upset over politics? Doppelganger: Oh I know! Of course you do.
Doppelganger: Group identity and views on morality That's great. That's fine. I mean, you're right. But let's elaborate on this. Before we get into it, I should say that I was inspired to make this video by a book I recently read called The Red and the Blue by Steve Kornacki. Kornacki does an amazing job explaining how the United States has become so polarized politically just in my life time. And here's a great way you can check out the book. By not reading it! Seriously, just listen to it, on Scribd. Scribd is place where you can listen to tons of audiobooks and, well, you can read them on there too. But yeah it's a lot cheaper than actually buying them. It's just $8.99 per month, which is also a lot cheaper than Audible. Scribd also has magazines, monthly live streams with celebrated authors, and a large library of sheet music for musicians. For a 30 day free trial, click the link in the description of this video. Thank you to Scribd for sponsoring this video. Ok, so let's start with the fact that humans are tribal. This is evolutionary. Our ancient ancestors formed groups based on trust and cooperation. Humans are and always have been social animals, who are quick to see the benefit of forming groups and will go to great lengths to keep the group together. The longer we stay in groups, the more likely we are to have common goals and, more importantly, common morals. Here's a little disclaimer- I probably should point out that I am also a human before we move forward with this video. So yeah, we humans are held together by these things called morals, or the beliefs and standards about how humans should behave. Morals hold us together but also makes us fear and hate other groups. And, we get pretty offended when individuals in our group want to leave and join another group. Humans have been around a couple hundred thousand years, and today we may think we are individuals, but we are still heavily dependent on groups. Some groups we have a much deeper sense of membership of. For example, we are usually pretty loyal to our families, or our religious group. However, we are usually not so deeply tied to our coworkers or classmates, for example. We have emotional connections to the groups we are loyal to. It really doesn't matter what type of group it is. We can go all-in for any group, no matter how big or small, or no matter how nefarious it may be. Speaking of which, I've been meaning to start a cult. I'll let you know when the Facebook page is finished. Once we are all-in, there is often no going back. The group becomes our identity, and our status in society becomes directly tied to the group. So why do we so often go all-in for political ideologies? Because politics is directly related to morals. Again, morals are the beliefs and standards about how humans should behave. Politics is about what the people in power do, and what they do directly affects the rest of society. Because we think our group is moral, then of course we passionately defend it and attack other groups. But here's a great quote. "Too often, we judge other groups by their worst examples – while judging ourselves by our best intentions." That quote was by someone who made my Worst Presidents video. George W. Bush. But it's true. We tend to think we are more virtuous than others. We get so upset over politics because when someone criticizes are political beliefs, just like when they attack our religious beliefs, we perceive it as an attack on our identity. Look, at least politics is an important thing to get upset about. I mean, we get upset about petty things, like sports teams. I'm a Chiefs fan, and I used to passionately hate Raiders fans when I was younger, just because I was, you know, a fan of a group of these guys who tackle each other and fight over a small piece of leather and I didn't want those other group of guys wearing the black and silver to get that piece of leather. Ok, let's be real here. I still hate the Raiders. But I digress. In general, the more passionate we are about political ideologies, the less we know about issues. It might mean that we know a lot about one side, but even that's a stretch. In reality, the more context and knowledge we have about both sides of the issues that divide us, the less emotional in general we are about politics. So how should we solve this problem of getting so worked up about politics when meeting up with families over the holidays? By the way, families get so upset because if one family member has different political opinions, it's like they left the tribe. Well you could always "don't you ever, ever, ever, ever, ever talk politics with your family." Or, if politics does come up, you could try to stop talking about political parties or politicians. You could just talk about ideas and policies. You know, the boring stuff. I know if I find myself getting really worked up about a political issue, that's when I need to shut up and learn more about the other side. I find the more I learn, the less I know anyway. So yeah, so, in conclusion, I don't have anything figured out. So what are your theories for why we get so upset talking about politics? I've linked some great articles and studies below. There's actually a lot of research looking into it. I'm taking next week off, but after that will be the glorious return of my Compared series. Thank you so much for watching.
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40 thoughts on "Why Do We Get So Angry Over Politics?"
Mr. Beat says:
This was my first real sponsored video. Thank you, Scribd. If you want that deal on
eBooks/Audiobooks free for 30 days, please use this link: https://www.influencerlink.org/SHFa
Paul Gonzalez-Becerra says:
Jokes on you, even Raiders fans hate the Raiders
Luke Detering says:
Before I watch this video:
As someone with a negative experience about this type of thing, I think it has a lot to do with something about one's identity. People tend to make politcal opinions based on their personal experiences and when that belief is challenged, it can get messy, because some people could take it as offending their beliefs and invalidating their experience rather than a simple disagreement.
christopher banion says:
If nothing else, you have to get it a like for the ending.
Mathieu Leader says:
compromising on things that don't please either party
G C says:
A sponsored video with click-bait title that reaches no conclusion on the topic of political divide, asked by a history teacher – My summation of this video's content.
THE NOW CO. says:
Politics is a small industry and there has to be influence amongst themselves, whether it happens consciously or not. In the end you become like the people you surround yourself with.
Liberal Socialist says:
Do a video about top 3 cities in each state.
John Rildo says:
Because less than 1% of the population actually cares about politics and considers what's best for themselves. Everyone else is just religiously supporting anything that their side wants.
"Morals" and "ethics" are just dogma.
The Fireplace Freak says:
When one political party believes in the purposeful genocide of humans., I simply can't listen to them. I have to draw a line somewhere in my morals, and that is where it is. Politics for me usually isn't dealing with the nitty gritty; it's the obvious moral issues. Do I support theft by redistribution of MY property? NO. Do I support murder? NO. Some things are just not negotiable.
The Real Eugenia says:
I embrace diversity in thought.
Aaron Bradley says:
Yes mr. Beat doesn't like me anymore because he through his Supreme Court briefs Channel csat we don't match up on a lot of political beliefs. You know he likes my enthusiasm for his channel and some of my comments are brilliant some of them are well I'm talk in my sleep however I've realized that Mr beat it is not against anything except for tariffs and the Electoral College. I'm against a lot of things
Shane Nelson says:
well I guess Mr. Beat hates me
This is Barris! - French History says:
I also feel like a big part of it, although that might be my economics background, is the zero sum aspect of politics. Often, political decisions come at the expense of one group to the benefit of another (taxes, drug legalization, same sex marriage etc.). This is especially true since democratic decision are pretty clear cut – if 51% voted x and you wanted y, you're getting x. So obviously people fight about it because having the other group "win" can literally come at the expense of your own group.
This is why I love trade (other than my econ nerdiness). It's a positive sum gain where both parties win – maybe we should debate on how to make politics positive sum, too.
jennyredbeans says:
I disagree with most of what you say but I appreciate and like this video and I appreciate your channel. It's nice to get some clear, unemotional information from my "other side"
Ethan Sears says:
Can you do a video on what if the president elect was to die before becoming president and who will take office
Beerman says:
BV represent!
jarhetttt says:
I NEED the music you have playing it your vids. I know it says Tabby Cat in the description but I can't for the life of me find this band. Can you send a link?
tamaseon I dont know a last name says:
Please compare Alabama to Missisippi (ps Alabama has better beaches) ;))
I've gotten so sick of the broken two party system in the broken electoral college and most of all the military industrial complex socio-economic Elite base with 1% and are over dependence on technology that I have become very angry. And there's a lot of things I don't like. It seems like you don't talk to me anymore now that I've got my less popular views out there. I mean from what I get of you you like everything except for tariffs and the Electoral College. Maybe you're just that much of a chill dude but I'll leave it at that but it's actually upset me that you no longer respond to more intelligent posts because of some of my more controversial ones.
Besides the channel named unknown 5 which is like 10 million times better than yours I think yours is the best Channel on YouTube so you know it kind of upsets me. Oh well today's the day I officially turn old.
And that quote was made by George Bush but it was written by one of the speech writers
Chris Cockrell says:
Anyone that is correct or right (not necessarily in the political sense), is the last person you should listen to. They are subjective, not objective. Not honest. Not willing to weigh the benefits against the costs. Humans are generally lazy. Uninterested in thought and logic. Existing is enough but they don't want to see themselves as less than others. There is nothing wrong with being uninformed or stupid. We aren't good at accepting reality. We want it to conform to us, not us to conform to it. We want simple solutions and definitions. Things aren't simple. It takes time and thought to understand and articulate ideas and concepts. We are lazy. I often use your comment. The more we know, the more we understand we don't know. Robert Jordan talks about how what looks like a slight tweak to political policy can hav large and misunderstood consequences. Even counter to the intended outcome.
Aaron Yandell says:
Despite the group ideologies and identity politics that floods our culture, I still strive for individualism. Debate, constructive criticism, self reflection and respect are important to individualism, lest it devolves to collectivism.
As someone that has been right and left I now believe only radical political change can change a country in the long the run. The democratic systems in the west are designed to act as if there is a big difference between parties when actually they are almost identical.
Mr Temporal says:
All people getting so angry over morals is stupid, obviously everything is equally worthless.
#NoLivesMatter
S-Man Speaks says:
Hearing you yell was funny to be honest.
The Loyal Order says:
Man these comments are filled with centrist bullshit "guys stop caring political opinions like don't even matter" and "muh civility" some people would rather be civil than be right
Orthodox Theory says:
I generally get annoyed by other people talking about an ideology they know nothing about.
Jurij Fedorov says:
I just hate people who are ignorant from both parties. It does seem like the more politically extreme people get the more crazy things they believe in. And I hate people who just ignore scientific findings. But having crazy morals is fine as long as they don't harm anyone.
Janine Harrison says:
That's because you are reasonable and intelligent, which the ones screaming lack.
Michael Armella says:
That George Bush quote is a loose variation of a quote that has been going back and forth since at least 1836 https://quoteinvestigator.com/2015/03/19/judge-others/
MrLedeberg says:
we're all individuals ! yes we're all individuals ! no i'm not !
Tubmaster 5000 says:
If we trace all the threads of human discontent and conflict, they all lead back to one source: economic anxiety.
Austin Martín Hernández says:
I only get angry when the person I'm talking to is an asshole and completely ignores me and especially if they are a hypocrite and failing to criticize their own beliefs or know they're wrong but just trying to push for an agenda to get some support or votes( cough all politicians cough ). So I only get angry probably, say, 99% of time.
Mimi Delphina says:
Anyone that liked this should definitely check out Peter Coffin's "Meritocracy" vid
iammaxhailme says:
the answer: the media
Spegimation says:
I don't share my political views with my family and about fifty percent of my friends. It's rather easy when you see morality as a subjective thing.
Grand Master Mawile says:
We solve our differences with compromise. That's the whole point of a republic/democracy. In a dictatorship or monarchy, there is no debate or discussion.
Jimmy John says:
Mr beat sounds like Steve Carell when he's angry
Matthew Galan says:
The human brain usually focuses on what is right through only the "best" opinions and through some "trustworthy" news channels, and since humans are very social creatures that follow morals and society with passion and internal feelings, many outcomes with rage can occur. For example, the Pilgrims and the Puritans religious disbeliefs, Society's anger over Trump's decisions, and generally when one disagrees with another on a certain topic that means a lot to them.
George W. Bush really perfected this topic with his quote in the video because, let's face it: people self-cherish themselves over anyone else, and don't want anyone else to tell them otherwise, because that's how feelings work. In case you don't know what I mean(although you should.), Bush said this quote because humans like to admire themselves, and base the worst parts of other humans, especially their identities, in their opinions.
Furthermore, people like to source out the best of things from anyone and anything just to state their opinions to their groups/family. Although a bit weird and tacky, it all adds up because let's face it:
We're all human, no matter what. Even if we change our ways, disagree with what I say, leave our social groups, gradually drift away from everyone you know and love(I have), and straight up want to change just to be on my side and opinions or be a "standout" to your community, no matter what you say, think, OR DO,
We're still human. That's all from me, and thanks for taking the time to read this statement/opinion. I could be wrong in some parts, but that doesn't matter to me. Farewell.


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Bangladesh defeated Sri Lanka by 23 runs in Asia Cup 2016 match
February 28, 2016 By totalsportek2
Bangladesh defeated Sri Lanka in the Asia Cup game on Sunday with a 23 runs margin which keeps their hopes of qualifying for the final alive. After winning the toss Bangaldesh elected to bat first putting on 147 runs with Sabbir Rahman scoring 80 while they restricted Sri Lanka to just 124 runs allotted 20 overs.
Bangladesh won the toss in their important game against Sri Lanka and they elected to bat first unlike the previous games where teams opted to bowl first. Sabbir Rahman scored impressive 80 of just 54 balls and a fourth wicket stand with Sakib-ul-Hassan put Bangladesh in course with a commanding 147 runs target.
Sri Lanka on the other hand started the inning with some quality batting with Chandimal and Jayasuriya took Sri Lanka to 76 for loss of 1 wicket but two quick wickets for Bangladesh put the breaks on Sri Lankan chase.
Sri Lanka started of their Asia Cup campaign in very unfamiliar style when they struggled to beat UAE in a game which could have easily gone the other way. Now they take on home side Bangladesh in a very important game for both teams. Sri Lanka can enhance their chances of qualifying for final with 2 wins in 2 games while Bangladesh must win to keep in a hunt for a place in the final. The match will be played on Sunday, 28th February 2016 and star sports will have live coverage of the game.
Bangladesh vs Sri Lanka – Asia Cup 2016
Date & Time: Sunday, 28 February – 19:30 local/13:30 uk time
Channels: StarSports (india). PTV Sports (Pakistan), YuppTV.Com (Online live)
The weather on Sunday is expected to be good for cricket while the Mirpur pitch has been playing slow and some movement for the seamers early on in both innings. The trend is set to continue and team winning the toss will surely bowl first if we go with the trend so far. Sri Lanka use to dominate Bangladesh in all formats not so long ago but as the two sides meet again in 2016 the storyline is so much different than the past. This Bangladesh side is no pushover anymore and pretty much a rising force specially at home.
Sunday's game will give us an opportunity to see whether Bangladesh has gained some sort of advantage against Sri Lanka atleast when playing at home. They are likely to go with the same lineup which beat UAE couple of days ago with Mashrafe Mortaza stating he wants stability in the team.
Sri Lanka on the other hand are sweating over Lasith Malinga's fitness who is still struggling with his knee problems and Sri Lankan managment will asses his fitness on Sunday morning and decide whether he plays some part or not. Dinesh Chandimal and T.Dilshan are set to keep their place at the top order.
Bangladesh will be looking to win their very first T20 game against Sri Lanka having lost all four before. As far as players to watch out are concerned, Bangladesh will rely on Mahamadullah to keep his all-round performance going after his 36 runs cameo against UAE and 2 wickets for 5 runs.


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College, school and community notes for Sept. 30
Local Optometrist wins award.
College, school and community notes for Sept. 30 Local Optometrist wins award. Check out this story on chillicothegazette.com: https://ohne.ws/2y0VBDT
Staff Published 6:15 a.m. ET Sept. 30, 2018 | Updated 6:15 a.m. ET Sept. 30, 2018
U.S. Air Force Airman Nicholas P. Chaney(Photo: Submitted)
Student Loan Repayment Program Award
Dr. Allison Henderson, Chillicothe Optometrist, received the Ohio Vision Project Student Loan Repayment Program Award from the Ohio Optometric Association. Henderson owns and operates ClearSite Vision.
Originally from Waverly, Henderson is a graduate of the University of Toledo and the Southern College of Optometry in Memphis, Tennessee.
Henderson serves as the Board Development Committee Chair for the Adena Health Foundation, the Chillicothe chapter of Order of the Eastern Star, the Hope Clinic of Pike County and by extension the Hope Clinic of Ross County. She also sits on the board for the Scioto Society which helps fundraise for the local outdoor drama Tecumseh!
Henderson participates in the Ohio Department of Health's Realeyes student education program and the AOA's InfantSEE program, where optometrists provide comprehensive infant eye assessments between 6 and 12 months of age as a no-cost public service.
The OOA's Ohio Vision Project Student Loan Repayment Program recognizes doctors of optometry who are committed to treating under served populations and ensuring they have access to a lifetime of comprehensive eye care.
Military note
U.S. Air Force Airman Nicholas P. Chaney graduated from basic military training at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland.
Chaney is a 2017 graduate of Waverly City High School and the son of Kelli and Joshua Rose and grandson of George Chaney of Waverly.
David Grim of Chillicothe, is a member of the honors program. David Grim is majoring in finance and a 2014 graduate of Southeastern High School.
Elizabeth Grim of Chillicothe, is a member of the honors program. Elizabeth Grim is majoring in Spanish and a 2016 graduate of Southeastern High School.
Columbus State Community College
Erica B Leve of Chillicothe, graduated this summer.
Faith notes
Heritage Nazarene Church, in Circleville, welcomes the Rev. Bill Hines as their new lead pastor. Hines has been in the ministry for 25 years and has pastored churches in Ohio, Florida, West Virginia and Iowa.
Hines is the husband of Missy of 24 years, they have eight children. His journey began while a student at Mount Vernon Nazarene University, he earned a Bachelor of Arts in Pastoral Ministry and did graduate work in theology at Ashland Theological Seminary.
If you would like to connect with Pastor Bill, you can do so by sending email to office@heritagenaz.org or by attending a service at our location at 2264 Walnut Creek Pike in Circleville. Service times are 9:15 a.m. and 10:45 a.m. each Sunday in Circleville, 9:15 a.m. on Sundays in Chillicothe, and 6:00 p.m. on Saturdays in Waverly.
Read or Share this story: https://ohne.ws/2y0VBDT


Comfortable, bright, and friendly room with ocean view, queen-sized bed, remote controlled fireplace, TV/VCR, and a mini-refrigerator. The private bath is ensuite, with soaker tub and pedestal sink.
Queensize beds with eiderdown covers and featherbeds if you are allergic, please let us know alternatives are available!
Please NOTE: Our multiple night specials do not include nights during local festivals!


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The 2017 NBA Draft Might Have Killed One-and-Done
By David Schwartz - June 25, 2017
Markelle Fultz was the no. 1 overall pick in the 2017 NBA Draft
The 2017 NBA Draft was thought by many to represent the strongest class of incoming players in years, and perhaps since 2003. We'll find out in the years ahead if the class really packs that kind of punch. But in the meantime, it wasn't necessarily the talent that looked like the main story as the picks were made on Thursday night. Rather, it was the youth behind that talent.
Two records were broken during this draft: we saw the most freshmen ever taken in the first round (16), and we saw the fewest seniors (two). Oh, and those two seniors happened to be selected with picks 29 and 30 – the last two picks of the first round. To some, this might not sound particularly unusual. We've grown used to seeing younger players prioritized in NBA drafts, and even the best seniors are chosen in the second round, if not left to sign as undrafted free agents. But we've never seen youth favored to such an extreme as in this year's draft, and it may just have been the loud, obvious signal the league needs to move on from one of its least popular policies.
That policy would be the "One-and-Done" rule, or in more technical terms, the NBA's age limit. This limit was agreed upon in the 2005 collective bargaining agreement, and was implemented starting with the 2006 draft; any player under the age of 19 was ineligible for the NBA. It was meant to bring an end to the so-called prep-to-pro generation of high school players jumping straight to the NBA. The age limit accomplished this goal, but led to what we now know as one-and-done players.
The 2017 NBA Draft class
LSU freshman Tyrus Thomas became the first post-age limit college freshman to make the leap in the 2006 draft, and he was selected fourth overall. But to put things in perspective, consider this: the 2006 first round included two freshmen and eight seniors. The next year, freshmen Greg Oden, Kevin Durant, and Mike Conley went first, second, and fourth, respectively. And in the years since, while there is inevitably some fluctuation in the number of freshmen taken according to the strength of each class, we've only seen a growing emphasis on the value of younger players.
The One-and-Done Era has produced a lot of stars, and not unlike the best players of the prep-to-pro generation, those stars get to enjoy a few extra years in the league (and a few extra paychecks). A 19-year-old who's truly ready for the NBA can have a longer, better, and higher earning career due to the chance to speed up development at the professional level. But that emphasis on drafting young talent has also led countless college freshmen to make the leap when they might have been better served staying in school and honing their skills. It's a very difficult decision for any talented 19-year-old, and it's one that dozens of players now face with each new year.
There is growing consensus that this is not the best system for the players, the NBA, or even the college programs that so often host players for just a single year. Critics argue that the NBA is being flooded with ambitious freshmen who are blinded by contracts but likely to fizzle out in the league, and that the college game is being taken advantage of by players using scholarships as stepping stools to the pro game. And some of the biggest names in basketball are beginning to agree.
Just recently, NBA commissioner Adam Silver made headlines by suggesting he's ready to make changes to the age limit. Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski, who has more wins than anyone in the history of his sport, has also discussed the need for change (despite embracing the one-and-done model of late himself). And during the draft Michael Wilbon, one of the most respected members of modern sports media, sounded off on the system as well.
Lonzo Ball was drafted second overall by the Lakers during the 2017 draft
What's interesting is the direction most of these advocates for change appear to be leaning in. Rather than raising the age limit, as lots of fans have called for, people like Silver, Krzyzewski, and Wilbon appear to be in favor of abolishing it all over again. Krzyzewski recently called for a model that's been circulating among fans and media members for some time, which would allow players to jump straight from high school but mandate that if they do choose to attend college they must do so for a minimum of two years. Silver, for his part, has commented on the fact that most one-and-done players are viewed similarly by NBA front offices as they were when they came out of high school, implying that the year in college doesn't really change things.
This is where the 2017 draft may come into play in the decision-making process. If the argument being made is that the year in college isn't changing the game for prospects, we're talking about returning to a prep-to-pro setup. And the fact that 16 such prospects can be taken in a single first round is about as strong an argument as any to back up that kind of change.
In other words, we may just have seen one of the most talented freshman classes ever enter the NBA. But it may also have been one of the last large groups of one-and-done players to do so.
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List of projects » The contribution of sleepiness/fatigue to road crashes in Sweden and France.
The contribution of sleepiness/fatigue to road crashes in Sweden and France.
The aim was to investigate th role of fatigue/sleep loss in road accidents, particularly in relation to alcohol (which dominates the debate on accident causation). This is a Swedish subproject within a larger EU-project coordinated by the ERAnet. The main partner in the overarching project is French, but also Holland and Norway participates. The Swedish subproject is financed by Vinnova.
We expect information about the contribution of fatigue (sleep duration, time spent awake, time of day), as well as about the combination of fatigue and alcohol (probably strong effect) and other factos The role of fatigue in road accident causation has been strongly undersestimated up til now, presumably because of a lack of systematic attention in police investigations.


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Home > Business > Cardiff Character: Belinda O'Donnell
Cardiff Character: Belinda O'Donnell
Georgina Cartwright
A brief glimpse into the life of Penny Lane's antiques, and the true spirit of Belinda O'Donnell's vintage emporium
An image of the assortment of antiques at Penny Lane Vintage
Tales from a Mini Emporium
Belinda is delighted in sharing the uplifting tales that she has encountered in her shop. Those who have entered Penny Lane have been greeted by old memories and life stories from long ago and have been reunited by loved-ones who have passed on. Each item is bound to bring a smile to ones face as recollections of people and cherished moments re-surface.
Patterning memories
"Once I had some knitting patterns and an elderly woman came in looking for the patterns to make gloves. I remembered that I had some that I had noticed in the back, so I went and got them for her. When I gave them to the lady, she started looking at them and suddenly her face went really odd. She said 'This pattern was my mother-in-law's, she's dead now and she always used to write her name on the top of the patterns she used.'"
Finding family
"I had a Victorian nightgown in the shop, and of course they used to put their names on the back of the collar – a full first and second name possibly, if it was a big family or for some other reason. Somebody came in and was looking at the nightgowns and happened to stumble across her great aunt's name on the back of one of the nightgowns – that was very weird."
Jackets and coats hung in unison at Penny Lane Vintage
To contact the store please visit: pennylanevintage.co.uk
Or call Belinda for a chat on 07828 183272
Email: Pennylanevintagecardiff@gmail.com
Online Platforms to visit Penny Lane Vintage
Just as she began, Belinda still sells all of her items on eBay. Check it out.
Keep up to date with the antique business on Instagram and Facebook
The owner of Penny Lane Vintage is leading the way to a sustainable future, fuelled by her passion for all things past
Belinda O'Donnell stood in the doorway of Penny Lane's dressing room
Dusty Springfield sings I Only Want to be With You as Belinda O'Donnell looks out towards the crowded unit teeming with antiques. Clothed in a vibrant red turtleneck and vintage equestrian blazer, she reminisces on the journey of Penny Lane whilst excitedly discusses the future of the sustainable vintage industry and her ever-changing store.
Penny Lane Vintage is known as one of the top independent businesses in Cardiff. It is an emporium of treasure buried in Wellfield Road, specialising in fashion, jewellery, and antiques; selling objects as old as the eighteenth century. But who is the intellect behind the booming business?
'Clothing from the Victorian era all the way up to the late 70s'
Here for the 60s
Belinda was introduced to vintage through a scooter club for mod enthusiasts. Often dressing in retro clothing bought online, Belinda entered the world of buy and sell to pass on garments. "Before I knew it," she said, "I began making around £100 a week selling this clothing."
Her business journey began in the arcades of Cardiff, before spreading across England. Belinda finally settled back on Cardiff's Wellfield Road and for almost six years this has been the home of Penny Lane Vintage.
Lining the shop, vintage clothing hangs in an abundance of colour. Belinda says: "It's interesting to think about who would have worn the clothing and where they went when they did. Maybe they met their future husband in that dress!"
In recent years, there's been a growing conscience for the sustainable fashion industry. As this idea evolves through communities and generations, online reports have hinted at vintage and sustainable fashion filling our closets by 2029, pushing out high-street clothing and fast fashions.
Belinda is already on to the re-cycled movement and attributes this to consumers possibly becoming "bored" of fast fashion; the good quality of vintage clothing; and the simple fact they know they aren't going to bump into anybody else wearing it.
Belinda collects the most unique items for Penny Lane that you're bound to be the only person owning, from diamante-studded Elvis Presley bags to enormous collaged art-work bragging multi-culture elements.
Bobbing her blonde hair, Belinda happily boasts a large mixed customer base due to the items she holds in store. "However," Belinda said, "your market can be so limited. I get a lot of disappointed customers."
But Belinda adores her business and never grows tired of presenting her own personality and fondness through her finds.
In discussing the clothing she said: "I love 60s clothes and 50s clothes. I wouldn't particularly wear 30s and 40s but that's because I don't think they suit me, but some people suit a certain era of clothing and look great!"
"Having one of everything is so unique but it is also frustrating!"
"You might visit in two months' time and it will look completely different as items come and go" – Belinda O'Donnell
Cherished pasts, unique futures
"With objects, you always think of how people who cherished them would have handled them," she continued. "All the things I have are obviously treasured by somebody otherwise they wouldn't be around now."
Specifically sourced memorabilia encompasses the room. From floral hand-painted arts to old telephones and suitcases that travelled to who knows where.
Items in Penny Lane are hand-picked by Belinda, who believes it is important to know the story behind each object through sourcing by hand rather than from warehouses or offline like many other vintage retailers.
"People see it as a museum as they start talking about stuff" – Belinda O'Donnell
Smiling contently, Belinda notes: "I'm so pleased. It's hard to start a business and very often within the first two years, it will not survive. I've managed to survive." But how does she continue to secure her business' future footprint?
The future of antiques
In remembering the beginning of her business' expedition into furniture, Belinda says: "I had a beautiful wall clock when I first opened that I grew so fond of that I took it home and put up on the wall."
She spoke light-heartedly of the bitter-sweet memory, adding: "What a mistake. It looked fabulous, but my husband wouldn't let me keep it. I brought it in and it sold straight away! The man who bought it loves it and has been back several times to tell me just how much."
Belinda hopes to venture further into the furniture element of her business that she established two years ago. She is currently researching chairs due to the rising vintage trend. She says: "From Victorian to modern-day chairs, there's such a lot to know. And that's just one subject."
Belinda beams as she discusses her efforts in researching each and every item within Penny Lane. Her dedication to detail extends to attending courses to ensure she can bring value to her items. But as the business evolves, her learning is never-ending.
"This business is the sort of thing you could learn all your life," she says, "and you'd never know enough about it."
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Cardiff Character: James Clarke
21 and from Caerphilly. I am a Fashion Journalism graduate from UCA and currently an MA Magazine Journalism student at Cardiff University.