text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Speaker diarization \cite{anguera2012speaker}, the task of determining ``who spoke when" in a multi-speaker audio stream has a wide range of applications from information retrieval and meeting annotations to face to face and telephonic conversation analysis. Recent speaker diarization systems \cite{garcia2017speaker, sell2018diarization} are based on segmenting the input audio stream into uniform speaker-homogeneous segments, followed by extracting fixed-length \textit{speaker embeddings} from those segments and performing speaker clustering over these embeddings.
\par
Among speaker embeddings, i-vectors \cite{shum2013unsupervised,senoussaoui2014study}, produced using generative modeling were the first employed for speaker diarization. Recently, embeddings extracted from discriminatively-trained deep neural networks (DNNs) such as d-vectors \cite{wang2018speaker, zhang2019fully}, and \textit{x-vectors} \cite{garcia2017speaker,sell2018diarization} have shown superior performance over i-vectors. These embeddings are partitioned into speaker clusters using clustering algorithms, such as Gaussian mixture models \cite{shum2013unsupervised}, mean-shift \cite{senoussaoui2014study}, agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) \cite{garcia2017speaker}, k-means \cite{dimitriadis2017developing}, spectral clustering \cite{wang2018speaker, sun2019speaker} and links \cite{mansfield2018links}. All the aforementioned approaches are unsupervised in determining the number of speakers and speaker labels of a given audio session. Recently, a few supervised clustering approaches like UIS-RNN \cite{zhang2019fully} and affinity propagation \cite{yin2018neural} have also been proposed for diarization.
\par
While performances of tasks such as speech and speaker recognition have improved significantly due to supervised deep learning approaches, most of the existing diarization systems are yet to take full advantage of similar techniques. DNN-based deep clustering approaches are  popular in computer vision \cite{aljalbout2018clustering}. While appealing, they are however not immediately applied for speaker diarization tasks probably due to lack of interpretability and the problem of unknown number of speakers of a given audio session.
Recently, deep embedded clustering on d-vectors was introduced for speaker diarization \cite{dimitriadis2019enhancements}. Incorporating the above advances, clustering with dimension reduction using non-linear neural transformation of embeddings, trained with clustering-specific loss could be beneficial for audio diarization systems.
\par
A latent space image clustering method using generative adversarial network (GAN) along with an encoder network (\textit{ClusterGAN}) was proposed recently in \cite{mukherjee2019clustergan}. Here, the encoder network performs inverse mapping, i.e., it \textit{back-projects} the data into the latent space.
Two main advantages of GAN-based latent space clustering are the interpretability and interpolation in the latent space \cite{mukherjee2019clustergan}. In our work, we adopt and modify this network for speaker clustering within the speaker diarization framework. The two main differences of our proposed work from \cite{mukherjee2019clustergan} are: (a) instead of random one-hot encoded variables, we use original speaker labels of the training data. Thus, the GAN generator input is a mixture of continuous random and discrete one-hot encoded speaker label variables; (b) instead of images (spectrograms), x-vector embeddings of short audio segments are used as real data input to the GAN discriminator. The GAN and encoder networks are jointly trained along with a clustering-specific loss.

\vspace{-12pt}
\section{Background}
\label{sec:format}
Over the recent years, the primary focus of research in image clustering has been to non-linearly transform the input feature space to a latent space (where the separation of data is easier) using DNNs.
Current deep clustering methods on image data include autoencoder based approaches \cite{xie2016unsupervised}, generative model based approaches such as variational deep embedding \cite{jiang2016variational} and information maximizing GAN (InfoGAN) \cite{chen2016infogan} among others. All these algorithms comprise of three essential components: deep neural network architecture, network loss, and clustering-specific loss. The network loss refers to the reconstruction loss of an autoencoder, variational loss of a variational autoencoder or the adversarial loss of GANs. It is used to learn feasible latent features and avoid trivial solutions. Clustering-specific loss can be cluster assignment losses such as k-means loss \cite{yang2017towards}, cluster assignment hardening loss \cite{xie2016unsupervised}, spectral clustering loss \cite{shaham2018spectralnet}, agglomerative clustering loss \cite{yang2016joint} or cluster regularization losses such as locality preserving loss, group sparsity loss, cluster classification loss \cite{aljalbout2018clustering}. These losses are used to learn suitable cluster-friendly representations from the data. In this work, we exploit both network loss and clustering loss in the clustering module for speaker diarization.

\begin{figure}[!t]
    \centering
        \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{proposed_diarization_new2.eps}

        \caption{Schematic diagram of the proposed speaker diarization system.}\label{fig1.a}
\vspace{-10pt}
 \end{figure}

\vspace{-10pt}
\section{Proposed speaker diarization system}
\label{sec:pagestyle}
\vspace{-5pt}
\subsection{Overview}
The overall methodology of the proposed speaker diarization system is shown in Fig. \ref{fig1.a}. The proposed system begins with the popular time-delay neural network (TDNN) speaker embedding \cite{garcia2017speaker}, i.e., x-vector extraction and followed by latent space clustering. We  discuss each module in the diarization pipeline below.

\vspace{-10pt}
\subsection{Segmentation}
Our approach starts with a temporal segmentation of 1.5 sec with 1 sec overlap. The speech segments are embedded into a fixed-dimensional x-vector of dimension 512. This TDNN-based speaker embeddings achieved state-of-the-art performance in speaker verification/diarization \cite{garcia2017speaker}. The x-vectors are then fed as inputs to the ClusterGAN network.
\vspace{-10pt}
\subsection{ClusterGAN training}
The motivation behind using ClusterGAN on x-vectors is to non-linearly transform it into a lower-dimensional embedding space which is more separable. Although the idea of using a mixture of continuous and discrete latent variables as the input to GAN generator was inspired from InfoGAN \cite{chen2016infogan}, ClusterGAN is better suited for clustering than InfoGAN \cite{mukherjee2019clustergan}. ClusterGAN comprises three components: the generator ($G$), the discriminator ($D$) and the encoder ($E$), as shown in Fig. \ref{fig1.b}.
\vspace{-10pt}
\subsubsection{Adversarial training}
GANs are a recent class of deep generative models inspired by game theory metaphor, where both $G$ and $D$ networks engage in a two-player minimax game \cite{goodfellow2014generative}. The generator is considered to be a mapping from the latent space to the data space $G: z \rightarrow \hat{x}$. It takes noisy data $z$ sampled from $p_z$ and generates samples to fool the discriminator. The discriminator is considered to be a mapping from the data space to a real value $D: x \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. It takes real data $x$ sampled from $p_x^r$ and tries to discriminate between the real and generated fake samples. We employ the improved Wasserstein GAN (IWGAN) \cite{gulrajani2017improved} for our GAN network. The objective function of this adversarial game is:
\begin{equation}
   \underset{G}{\textnormal{min}} \hspace{2pt} \underset{D} {\textnormal{max}} V_{\textnormal{IWGAN}}(D, G) = \E_{x \sim p_x^r} \left[D(x) \right] - \E_{z \sim p_z} \left[D(G(z))\right] + \lambda \cdot \textnormal{GP}
\end{equation}
where, $\lambda$ is the gradient penalty coefficient and $\textnormal{GP}$ is the gradient penalty term \cite{gulrajani2017improved}.

 \begin{figure}[!t]
        \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{ClusterGAN_new7.eps}

        \caption{ClusterGAN architecture. Here, $L_{\textnormal{adv}}$, $L_{\textnormal{COS}}$ and $L_{\textnormal{CE}}$ represent adversarial, cosine distance and cross-entropy loss functions.}\label{fig1.b}

    \vspace{-12pt}
\end{figure}

\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{Sampling from discrete-continuous mixtures}
In order to perform clustering in the latent space, we have to back-project the data into the latent space. The latent space distribution in traditional GANs is typically chosen to be Gaussian or uniform distributions. Although such distributions contain useful information about input data distributions, they usually lead to bad clusters \cite{lipton2017precise}. To mitigate this problem, boosting the latent space using categorical variables to create non-smooth geometry is essential. However, continuity in latent space is also required for good interpolation and GANs have good interpolation ability. Therefore, we employ a mixture of continuous ($z_n$) and discrete ($z_c$) variables to the generator by concatenating $z_n$ with $z_c$. In this work, $z_n$ is randomly sampled from a normal distribution $\mathcal{N}(0, \sigma^{2} I_{d_{n}})$. We chose $\sigma = 0.1$ in all our experiments. We use the original speaker labels for the speech segments from training data as the one-hot encoded variable $z_c$. The concatenation of $z_n$ with $z_c$ enables clustering in the latent space.
\vspace{-10pt}
\subsubsection{Inverse mapping network}
Mapping from the data space to latent space is a non-trivial problem, since it requires the inversion of the generator which is a non-linear model. Existing works \cite{lipton2017precise, creswell2018inverting} tackle this problem by solving an optimization problem in $z$ to get back the latent vectors using $z^{*} = \textnormal{argmin}_{z} \mathcal{L}(G(z), x) + \lambda \lVert z \rVert _{p}$, where $\mathcal{L}$ is $L_1$ norm, $\lambda$ is a regularization constant and $\lVert \cdot \rVert _{p}$ denotes the norm. However, these approaches are not suitable for clustering since the optimization problem is non-convex \cite{creswell2018inverting, mukherjee2019clustergan}. To address this issue, an $E$ network alongside the GAN network for back-projection is introduced. We fix $z_c$ and randomly sample $z_n$ from a normal distribution with multiple restarts at each iteration step. Furthermore, to ensure precise recovery of the latent vector $z_n$, we compute the numerical difference between the encoder output latent vector $\hat{z}_n$ and $z_n$. For that, we empirically found that instead of mean square error, cosine distance is more suitable. The objective function for this task can be written as:
\begin{equation}
    \textnormal{min COS} (G, E) = \frac{1}{m} \sum_{i = 1}^m \left[1 - \frac{E(G(z_n^i)) \cdot z_n^i}{\lVert E(G(z_n^i)) \rVert \lVert z_n^i \rVert}\right]
\end{equation}
where, $m$ is the mini batch size.
\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{Clustering-specific loss}
To learn cluster friendly representations, we incorporate cluster classification loss while training as cross-entropy (CE) loss. The soft-max layer output obtained by $E$ network is used for computing the cross-entropy loss. This loss encourages the latent embeddings to cluster and hence increase the discriminative information. We minimize this cross-entropy loss as:
\begin{equation}
   \textnormal{min CE} (G, E) = \frac{1}{m} \sum_{i = 1}^m \left[p(z_{c, i}^k) \textnormal{log} \hspace{2pt} p\left(E(G(z_{c, i}^k))\right)\right]
\end{equation}
where, the first term is the empirical probability that the embedding belongs to the $k$-th speaker, and the second term is the predicted probability (by the encoder) that the embedding belongs to the $k$-th speaker.
\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{Joint training}
We train the GAN and encoder networks jointly. The training objective function takes the following form:
\begin{equation}
    \underset{G, E}{\textnormal{min}} \hspace{2pt} \underset{D} {\textnormal{max}} \left[a \cdot V_{\textnormal{IWGAN}}(D, G) + b \cdot \textnormal{COS} (G, E) + \\ c \cdot \textnormal{CE} (G, E) \right]
\end{equation}
The weights $b$ and $c$ are used to control the importance of preserving continuous and discrete latent variables. Algorithm \ref{algo1} shows the training steps of ClusterGAN.

\begin{algorithm}[!t]
\caption{ClusterGAN algorithm. Default values: $\lambda$ = 10, $m$ = 64, $n_{\textnormal{critic}}$ = 5, $\alpha$ = $1\mathrm{e}{-4}$, $\beta_1$ = 0.5, $\beta_2$ = 0.9}
\label{algo1}
\begin{algorithmic}[1]
\Require{$\lambda$: gradient penalty coefficient; $\alpha$: learning rate; $m$: batch size; $N_{\textnormal{it}}$: number of iterations; $n_{\textnormal{critic}}$: number of critic iterations for each generator iteration; $\alpha$, $\beta_1$, $\beta_2$: Adam hyper-parameters} {}

\For{$it$ = 1 to $N_{\textnormal{it}}$}
\For{$\tau$ = 1 to $n_{\textnormal{critic}}$}
\State Sample $\{x^{(i)}\}_{i = 1}^m$, a batch of x-vectors
\State Update the discriminator parameters by
\State \vspace{-20pt} \begin{multline*} \hspace{17pt}\theta \leftarrow \textnormal{Adam}[\triangledown_{\theta} \{\frac{1}{m}\sum_{i = 1}^m a \cdot [D_{\theta}(x) - D_{\theta}(G_{\phi}(z)) + \\ \vspace{-10pt}\lambda \cdot \textnormal{GP}]\}, \theta, \alpha, \beta_1, \beta_2]\end{multline*}
\vspace{-20pt}
\EndFor
\State Sample $\{z^{(i)}\}_{i = 1}^m$, a batch of latent vectors
\State Update the generator and encoder parameters by
\State \vspace{-20pt} \begin{multline*}  \vspace{-10pt}\hspace{5pt} \phi, \psi \leftarrow \textnormal{Adam}[\triangledown_{\phi, \psi} \{ \frac{1}{m}\sum_{i = 1}^m - a \cdot D_{\theta}(G_{\phi}(z^{(i)})) +  \\ b \cdot \textnormal{COS} (G_{\phi}, E_{\psi}) + c \cdot \textnormal{CE} (G_{\phi}, E_{\psi})\}, \phi, \psi, \alpha, \beta_1, \beta_2 ] \end{multline*}
\vspace{-20pt}
\EndFor
\end{algorithmic}
\end{algorithm}

\subsection{Testing}
After offline training, only the trained encoder model is required to produce the proposed latent embeddings for the input x-vectors of a test audio session. The concatenated latent embeddings ($z_n$ and $z_c$) are then clustered to produce speaker labels of each segment using k-means.

\vspace{-10pt}
\section{Experimental evaluation}
\label{sec:typestyle}
\subsection{Data preparation}
\vspace{-5pt}
We evaluate our proposed algorithm on the AMI meeting corpus and two child-clinician interaction corpora: ADOS \cite{bone2012spontaneous} and BOSCC \cite{kumar2018knowledge}. The AMI database consists of 171 meetings recorded at four different sites (Edinburgh, Idiap, TNO, Brno). For our evaluation, we use the official speech recognition partition of AMI dataset\footnote{\url{http://groups.inf.ed.ac.uk/ami/download/}}. We exclude the TNO meetings from dev and eval set, which is a common practice in diarization studies \cite{sun2019speaker, yella2015comparison}. The details of the dataset partition are shown in Table \ref{ami:data}.
\par
The ADOS \cite{lord2000autism} is a diagnostic tool which comprises over 10 play-based, conversational tasks. We chose two conversational tasks: \textit{Emotions} and \textit{Social Difficulties and Annoyance} from 272 sessions for our evaluation. BOSCC \cite{grzadzinski2016measuring} is a new treatment outcome measure, also comprised of play-based, conversational segments. For this study, 24 BOSCC sessions are selected.

\begin{table}[!t]
\vspace{-10pt}
\caption{Details of the AMI data set used for our experiments.}
\vspace{-10pt}
\centering
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{10pt}
\begin{tabular}{c|cc}
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
      & \#Meetings & \#Speakers          \\ \Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
Train & 136     & 155                 \\
Dev   & 14      & 17  \\
Eval  & 12      & 12  \\ \Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
\end{tabular}\label{ami:data}
\vspace{-15pt}
\end{table}

\vspace{-5pt}
\subsection{Experimental framework}
\vspace{-2pt}
\subsubsection{Baseline systems}
Since our proposed system uses x-vectors as input features, we used the Kaldi-based AHC clustering with PLDA scoring on x-vectors \cite{garcia2017speaker} (denoted as x-vector in this paper) as our main baseline system. We also show results on x-vectors with k-means clustering (denoted as k-means in this paper), as our second baseline.
\vspace{-10pt}
\subsubsection{Model specifications}
In all our systems, x-vectors are extracted using the Voxceleb\footnote{\url{https://kaldi-asr.org/models/m7}} models available in the Kaldi recipe. Diarization performance of the proposed system is evaluated for two models trained with different amounts of supervised data: P1 and P2. P1 is trained only on the AMI train set, whereas P2 is trained on both AMI train set and 60 beamformed ICSI \cite{janin2003icsi} sessions with a total number of 46 speakers. The generator and discriminator networks in the proposed systems are simple feed forward neural networks with one and two hidden layers respectively each with 512 nodes.
The input layer of $G$ consists of $d = d_n + d_c$ nodes ($d_n$, $d_c$ are the dimensions of $z_n$ and $z_c$ respectively), where $d_n = 30$ for both P1 and P2 models, and $d_c = 155$ for P1 and $201$ for P2 model.
$G$'s output layer has 512 nodes, which is the x-vector dimension. The input and output layer of $D$ contains 512 nodes and one node, respectively. On the other hand, the $E$ network consists of a single hidden layer with 512 nodes and input layer is linear with 512 nodes.
The output layer of $E$ is a linear layer with $d$ nodes from which the first $d_n$ nodes are directly used as $\hat{z}_n$ and the rest are passed through a soft-max layer to produce $\hat{z}_c$.
For all the three networks, the activation function in the hidden layers is ReLU. In the proposed system, we use the original speaker labels from the training data to produce $z_c$ for each segment. The networks are optimized using Adam \cite{kingma2014adam} with a mini-batch size of 64 samples and learning rate $1\mathrm{e}{-4}$. We fixed the $a$, $b$ and $c$ values as 1, 2 and 10 respectively by tuning on AMI dev set. The number of iterations is fixed to 30k based on optimizing DER on the AMI dev set.

\begin{figure*}[!t]
 \centering
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic7.eps}
  \vspace*{-0.6cm}
  \caption{TSNE visualization of (a) x-vector, (b) proposed and (c) fused embeddings of IS1008a AMI session. This AMI session contains four speakers and each speaker is represented by different colours in the figure.}
  \label{fig:tsne}
  \vspace{-12pt}
\end{figure*}

\vspace{-10pt}
\subsubsection{Performance metrics}
The performance of speaker diarization systems is evaluated by using NIST diarization error rate (DER) \cite{fiscus2006rich}, which is typically calculated with a 0.25 sec collar. Since the primary focus of this paper is on the effectiveness of new speaker embeddings in clustering, likewise in \cite{yella2015comparison, garcia2017speaker, sun2019speaker}, for all the experiments in this paper we use oracle speech activity detection (SAD). Therefore, all DER values reported in this work correspond to speaker confusion errors with no missed or false alarm speech.

\vspace{-10pt}
\subsection{Results and discussions}

\begin{table}[!t]
\caption{Results on AMI dev and eval set for the baseline and proposed systems.}
\vspace{-10pt}
\centering
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{8pt}
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
\multirow{2}{*}{System} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Avg. DER (in \%) \\ (oracle SAD, \\ known \#speakers)\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Avg. DER (in \%) \\ (oracle SAD, \\ estimated \#speakers)\end{tabular}} \\
                        \cline{2-3} \cline{4-5} & Dev                              & Eval                             & Dev                                & Eval                               \\ \Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
x-vector                & 11.65                            & 11.34                            & 11.08                              & 10.37                              \\
k-means                 & 11.94                            & 11.45                            & 12.64                                     & 12.26                                    \\
P1                      & 10.17                            & 10.10                            &   10.98                                 &    11.26                                \\
P2                      & 9.67                             & 11.64                            &   10.33                                 &      11.56                              \\
x-vector + P1           & 7.45                             & \textbf{7.82}                             & 8.73                                   & 9.11                                   \\
x-vector + P2           & \textbf{6.98}                            & 8.85                             & \textbf{7.93}                                   &  \textbf{8.92}                                  \\
Sun et. al. \cite{sun2019speaker}      & --                               & --                               & 12.22                              & 12.99       \\
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
\end{tabular}\label{table1}
\vspace{-15pt}
\end{table}

\par
\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{Results on AMI dev and eval set}
\vspace{-5pt}

Results for diarization performance on AMI dev and eval sets are reported in Table \ref{table1}. We show results for oracle SAD with both known number of speakers and estimated number of speakers. For the x-vector baseline, we use thresholding on the PLDA scores to perform AHC clustering for unknown number of speakers. The number of speakers for k-means and proposed systems are estimated using Eigen-gap analysis of the affinity matrix constructed from the cosine distance of x-vector embeddings followed by binarization and symmetrization \cite{park2019second}. From Table \ref{table1} column 2, we see that for known number of speakers, the P1 system beats x-vector (state-of-the-art) and k-means systems for both AMI dev and eval sets. The performance improves further after incorporating fusion with x-vector embeddings ((x-vector + P1) and (x-vector + P2)).
It is observed that both the fused systems significantly outperform all the other systems. The best achieved DER using our fused systems on AMI dev and eval set are 6.98\% and 7.82\% respectively. This is attributed to the fact that our proposed embeddings have complementary information with x-vector embeddings.

We report the diarization performance of all the systems for estimated number of speakers in Table \ref{table1} column 3. Surprisingly, it is observed that x-vector baseline system with thresholding on the PLDA scores for AHC clustering produces a slightly better performance as compared to the oracle number of speaker condition.
In contrast, all the other methods' performance degrades for estimated number of speakers. We also compare the proposed diarization system with the work proposed in Sun et al. \cite{sun2019speaker} evaluated on the same data set. The system proposed in \cite{sun2019speaker} is a 2D self-attentive combination of d-vectors with spectral clustering back-end. As seen in Table \ref{table1} column 3, our proposed and x-vector fused embeddings with k-means clustering back-end outperforms other baseline methods.

\begin{table}[!t]
\caption{Results on ADOS and BOSCC databases for the baseline and proposed systems.}
\vspace{-10pt}
\centering
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{10pt}
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
System        & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Avg. DER (in \%) \\ on ADOS\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Avg. DER (in \%) \\ on BOSCC\end{tabular} \\
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
x-vector      & 14.36                         & 21.69                            \\
k-means       & 12.35                         & 14.73                            \\
P1            & 11.27                         & 14.63                            \\
P2            & 11.08                         & 13.35                            \\
x-vector + P1 & 9.38                          & 13.55                            \\
x-vector + P2 & \textbf{9.22}                          & \textbf{11.17}                           \\
\Xhline{2.5\arrayrulewidth}
\end{tabular}\label{table2}
\vspace{-15pt}
\end{table}

\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{TSNE visualization}
\vspace{-5pt}
We show TSNE visualizations of x-vector, proposed and fused embeddings of AMI session IS1008a in Fig. \ref{fig:tsne}. It is evident from the figure that the proposed embedding based clusters are slightly more compact as compared to the x-vectors. However, fused embedding based clusters are the most compact within a class and most separated between classes.

\vspace{-5pt}
\subsubsection{Generalization ability}
\vspace{-5pt}
From Table \ref{table2}, we observe significant performance improvement for the proposed system over the baselines on both ADOS and BOSCC sessions. In addition, the P2 model which is trained on more data achieves better performance than P1 for both individual and fused scenarios. In particular, the improvement is notable compared to the x-vector baseline.
We hypothesize that the PLDA model pre-trained on Voxceleb presents a significant domain mismatch in this case. Moreover, both P1 and P2 systems, either used individually or in fusion with x-vectors, are superior to k-means. The best system (x-vector + P2) achieves a relative 36\% and 49\% improvement over x-vector on those two databases.
\vspace{-10pt}
\section{Conclusions}
\vspace{-5pt}
We presented a new deep latent space clustering using ClusterGANs to perform speaker diarization. The entire system was trained in a supervised manner along with a clustering-specific loss function. We observed that ClusterGAN-based latent embeddings provide superior performance than x-vector embeddings. Further improvement was achieved after fusing proposed and x-vector embeddings. Experimental results showed a significant DER reduction for the proposed system over state-of-the-art x-vector diarization system on AMI, ADOS and BOSCC corpora. Future work could use spectrograms directly instead of pre-trained embeddings as the GAN discriminator input.
\vfill\pagebreak

\bibliographystyle{IEEEbib}
{

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


The Chicago Cubs have been one of the most surprising teams through the early part of the 2019 MLB season, and we don't mean that as a compliment.
The Chicago Cubs are off to a bad start in the 2019 season, and many are looking for a scapegoat. Theo Epstein says to put it all on him.
The Cubs entered Saturday's game 1-6.
The Chicago Cubs remain a non-factor in the Bryce Harper sweepstakes.
Prior to this offseason, there was a lot of talk about the Cubs being contenders to sign Harper.


"Impunity for perpetrators of human rights violations persisted. Freedom of expression was restricted and journalists were attacked," Amnesty Inertnational, a recognized international human rights watchdog has stated in The State of The World's Human Rights report released last week.
Amnesty report also touches on the protection of women against violence, saying it fell short of international standards in Armenia.
"The government failed to provide a genuine alternative to military service," the watchdog states detailing on a case with Jehovah's witnesses.
Below, is the section from Amnesty's report related to Armenia for your reeference.
On 19 June, the National Assembly granted an amnesty for opposition activists imprisoned in relation to the events in Yerevan, in March 2008. The amnesty covered those who had not been charged with violent crimes and had been sentenced to prison terms of less than five years. Those who did not fall under the amnesty had their sentences halved. On 1 and 2 March 2008, violent demonstrations had taken place in Yerevan to protest against the presidential election results of 19 February, in which opposition candidate Levon Ter-Petrossian lost to incumbent President Serzh Sargsyan.
Some progress was made in Azerbaijan-Armenian talks over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh, a predominantly ethnic Armenian enclave within Azerbaijan that broke away following the 1990 war. On 2 November, following talks in Moscow, Armenia and Azerbaijan signed a joint agreement aimed at resolving the dispute on the basis of international law.
In its concluding observations published in February, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women expressed concern about the lack of legislation referring to domestic violence and the absence of a responsible state institution. The Committee called on the authorities "to enact, without delay, legislation specifically addressing domestic violence against women", and to provide sufficient shelters.
A draft law on domestic violence was under discussion by the authorities, but had not been presented to parliament by the end of the year.
During 2009, only one shelter for victims of domestic violence, run by the Women's Rights Centre, was operational.
In October, four police officers were charged with using force against members of the public during the demonstrations on 1 March 2008. By the end of the year, no independent inquiry had been conducted into allegations of use of force by police during the March 2008 events. In June 2008, an ad hoc parliamentary commission had been established to investigate the events, but did not function because the opposition refused to participate. A separate factfinding group made up of representatives from diverse political factions and the Ombudsperson was disbanded by presidential decree in June 2009, before it became operational.
The prosecution in the case of the shooting of Mikael Danielian, a human rights activist, was discontinued in May on the grounds that the perpetrator had allegedly acted in self-defence. In May 2008, Mikael Danielian was shot at point-blank range with a pneumatic gun by a former leader of the pro-government Armenian Progressive Party. Human rights groups voiced concern that key witness statements had not been considered by the prosecution. Mikael Danielian lodged an appeal against this decision, but no decision was made on his appeal by the end of the year.
On 30 April, Argishti Kiviryan, a lawyer and journalist, was severely beaten by a group of unidentified men outside his home in Yerevan. The attackers reportedly beat him with sticks and attempted to shoot him. The OSCE Representative for Media Freedom called on the authorities to investigate the attack and expressed concern about the lack of investigations into violent attacks against journalists, contributing to a climate of impunity. In July, two suspects were detained. The investigation was ongoing at the end of the year.
Alternative civilian service to conscription continued to be under the control of the military. Conscientious objectors had to wear military uniform, were disciplined by the Military Prosecutor's office and were forbidden to hold prayer meetings. As of 1 November, 71 Jehovah's Witnesses were serving prison sentences of 24 to 36 months for refusing to perform military service on grounds of conscience.
In October, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that there had not been a violation of the right to freedom of conscience and religion when Vahan Bayatyan was sentenced to two and a half years' imprisonment for his refusal to perform military service on religious grounds. The Court held that "the right of conscientious objection was not guaranteed by any article of the Convention". In a dissenting opinion, one of the Court judges stated that the judgement failed to reflect the almost universal acceptance that the right to conscientious objection is fundamental to the rights to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Vahan Bayatyan is currently appealing to the Grand Chamber against this ruling.
This entry was posted in Armenia, Politics, Society and tagged Amnesty, Armenia, Gender, Human Rights, Impunity, Jehovah's Witnesses, Opposition, Police, Politics by Observer. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Sprint's quad-core LG Optimus G now on pre-order for $199 with contract
Élyse Betters
- Nov. 1st 2012 8:30 am PT
AT&T's LG Optimus G
Sprint just announced customers could pre-order the LG Optimus G starting today for $199.99 with a new two-year contract or eligible upgrade.
So, what's so special about this particular LTE Android smartphone? Well, it has a 1.5GHz quad-core Snapdragon S4 processor. It also features a 4.7-inch True HD IPS Plus display, 2GB of RAM, 32GB built-in storage, NFC, and a 2,100mAh battery.
Unfortunately, this powerful handset boasts the aging Ice Cream Sandwich OS. There is also no mention in the announcement of an upcoming upgrade. Take a look at 9to5Google's hands-on review of the AT&T version for a full spec refresher.
Oh, but we must note the LG Optimus G's cheese shutter. Yeah—you heard that right. The smartphone's camera is voice-activated by words like "cheese" and "smile"—eliminating the need for a shutter button. Um, interesting?
AT&T folks should keep an eye out for availability too, as the competing Sprint carrier previously said it would open the pre-order gate Nov. 2.
Sprint's press announcement is below.
LG unveils ICS-powered LG Optimus G for AT&T and Sprint networks [Gallery] (9to5google.com)
LG reveals its Optimus G flagship: 1.5GHz quad-core CPU and 4.7-inch screen (9to5google.com)
LG announces the stylish Optimus L9(9to5google.com)
LG reveals Optimus Vu II 'all-in-one remote control' smartphone with infrared, launches in September for Korea (9to5google.com)
Pre-order Begins Today for LG Optimus G™ from Sprint
Sprint's latest superphone features a 13MP camera and 'Cheese Shutter'
Calling all Photobugs! LG Optimus G™ from Sprint is available for pre-order beginning today for $199.99 with a new two-year service agreement or eligible upgrade at http://www.sprint.com/landings/lg_optimus_g/
LG Optimus G has an advanced 13-megapixel rear-facing camera that introduces several unique features, making the smartphone an ideal one-stop shop for talking, texting, traveling the web and taking pictures on the go. With Sprint's LG Optimus G, you can leave your point-and-shoot camera at home.
For those choosing not to pre-order, LG Optimus G will be available Nov. 11 in all Sprint channels, including Sprint.com and 1-800-SPRINT1.
LG Optimus G is the first smartphone to combine the power of Qualcomm's Snapdragon™ S4 Pro quad-core CPU processor with Sprint's 4G LTE network, creating an extremely fast mobile experience. This powerhouse processor allows the Optimus G to have cutting-edge camera features such as burst shot and smile detection.
Think about all the ways in which you take photos on the fly, like when your child makes an adorable face and you want to quickly capture it before the fleeting moment passes. When activated, Time Catch Shot takes a burst of photos before the shutter button is pressed. Then you can choose among multiple photos and pick the best one to share with your friends on social media sites.
Are you the soccer mom or dad who loves taking action shots of the big game? Smart Shutter senses the motion of the camera and adjusts the shutter speed accordingly, so your images will come out crisp and clear.
If you find yourself behind the lens when your group of pals wants to take photos for Facebook, the LG Optimus G camera is voice-activated by words like "cheese" and "smile" so you don't even have to depress the shutter button.
For those of you interested in technical specs, here are a few standout features:
Qualcomm Snapdragon™ S4 Pro 1.5 GHz quad-core CPU processor
2,100 mAh battery with up to 13 hours of talk time
4.7-inch True HD (high-definition) IPS Plus display (1280 x 768) with Corning Gorilla Glass 2
32 GB of internal memory
2 GB of RAM
Qualcomm Sprint Nextel Random-access memory 3GPP Long Term Evolution Snapdragon (System on Chip)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


IT IS MY PLEASURE TO WELCOME AUTHOR KELLY IRVIN TO PATTI'S PORCH. KELLY SHARES THE SURPRISE LEADING MAN SHE DISCOVERED WHEN WRITING HER NOVEL WITHOUT AN OUTLINE.
KELLY IS OFFERING A GIVEAWAY! SIMPLY LEAVE A COMMENT BELOW TO ENTER THE DRAWING FOR A COPY OF BENEATH THE SUMMER SUN.
I'm a seat-of-the-pants writer. For you "normals" who don't live in this fictive world of make believe, that means I don't outline my story before I start writing. I know who the main characters are. I know what the big conflict is—usually—and sometimes I know how the story ends. At least I think I do. Quite a lot of debate goes on among writers about which is better, but I can only speak to the subject from my point of view and experience. When I let my mind go and simply start writing on a wing and prayer amazing, startling things happen. It requires faith and a well-developed sense of adventure to write this way. Will I be able to finish what I started? It's like walking a high wire with no net.
Case in point, my new Amish romance novel, Beneath the Summer Sun. This is the second book in a series called Every Amish Season, about four successively older Amish widows. When I wrote the proposal for the series, I had to include a one-page synopsis for each book. For Jennie's story, I knew she was the victim of domestic abuse in her first marriage. I knew she was frightened of ever loving again. And she felt guilty for being relieved that her first husband was gone. And lonely. Despite the challenges of raising seven children alone, she couldn't bow to her community's demand that she remarry. She couldn't trust. This is a happily-ever-after romance genre, after all, so I knew someone had to eventually win her heart. I had just the man for the job.
Or so I thought. I start writing. Into my story walks a second man with grit and determination and muscle to go with it. A man with a sore heart in need of his own love story. He has his own baggage. Both men who vie for Jennie's heart are good men with their own problems that they must work out before they can commit to love.
I keep writing, more and more astonished by the course of events. Almost as surprised as Jennie. She goes from having no hope of ever loving again, to a heart torn between two men who are determined to woo her. She keeps backing up and they keep slipping closer. Her children like them both. Her closest friends, three women who've experienced loss themselves, have their opinions.
But Jennie has to make this decision on her own. I kept trying to go in the direction I'd written in my synopsis, but it just didn't feel right.
Which is why I always tell my editor that I won't guarantee that the novel will have any similarity to the finished manuscript.
Jennie's is a harrowing story. Domestic abuse isn't an easy topic. But the uplifting ending will remind readers that God is a God of second and third and fourth chances. He will walk through the fire with us, if we let him. Ultimately, He will work for our good in all things.
The story also reminds us that timing is critical. We can't move on without first dealing with the issues that have us mired in our past. Leo has to deal with his anger and guilt over his father's death. Nathan must learn to accept his parents' choices when he was young. He has to decide whether to listen to God's calling in his own life, no matter what that means for his own desire for love.
Jennie has to make peace with her past. When she does, the sparks fly. And love prevails.
I love how this story turns out even though it seems as if I had little to do with it. I hope my readers will too.
Wow, I'm not sure I could write a book without first plotting out the direction I think it should go You're a brave woman! Thanks for entering me in the draw.
Hi Arletta. Thank you for stopping by. I'm with Kelly. i would find it much harder to stick to a hard and fast outline.
I love Amish stories. I would love to read this story! Thank you for this giveaway and Christ Blessings to you??????
Hi Sybil. Thank you for stopping by. i wish you well in the giveaway opportunity!
Hi Connie. Thank you for stopping by and leaving a comment. Glad you made it into the drawing.
Thanks for another angle to look at our stories.
Hi Pat. Kelly has a wealth of writing experience and it is a blessing that she is willing to share it with us. Thank you for stopping by.
I love reading Kellis books but I really love her Amish series. I dont get to read them like I used to since my only income is from Social Security disabilty i cant affordbthem anymore.
Hi Kathy. I'm glad you are here and entered in the drawing. You may just be the winner. We will see. Thank you for leaving a comment.
Amish fiction is my favorite genre to read. Jennie sounds like a very interesting character. I love all the detailed research that Kelly puts into her books.
Hi MaryAnn. Thank you for stopping by and sharing your thoughts. Glad you are entered in the giveaway.
I loved the interview the review makes me want to buy this book. Thank you for the giveaway.
Hi Tammy. Thank you for coming by and leaving a comment to enter the giveaway.
I love the "seat of the pants" style! Thank you for the giveaway opportunity.
So do I, Perrianne. Thank you for entering the drawing.
Would love to win Kelly's book, "Beneath the Summer Sun". Thanks for the giveaway.
Hi Nancy. Thank you for stopping by to enter.
Hi Patti. Thank you for coming by. You are entered in the drawing. Good luck!
Hi Kathy. Thank you for stopping by and entering.
The book sounds wonderful. I look forward to reading it.
Hi Cheryl. Thank you for stopping by and leaving a comment. Wishing you good luck with the drawing.
I am looking forward to reading this book. Thank you for the opportunity to win.
Hi Emma. Thank you for stopping by and entering the drawing.


Obesity is a medical term used to describe children (and adults) who carry 20 per cent extra body weight. This extra weight, if not treated early on, could cause serious health problems such as arthritis, cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and depression in later life. Help stop obesity before it starts by making sure they eat a balanced diet and get enough exercise.
Being overweight is rarely to do with having a medical problem, many children simply have unhealthy diets and don't do enough exercise. It is better to stop your child becoming overweight or obese in the first place. Many parents feel guilty (or in denial) that their child is overweight and ignore it, but this will have a damaging effect on your child in many ways including their physical health, mental health and self-esteem. If your child feels bad about themselves they can comfort eat to make themselves feel better, so leading to them being more overweight - this creates a vicious circle.
You are responsible for your child's health and well-being, this includes what they eat. A healthy balanced diet (see the eatwell plate below) and exercise is the simple answer. Try to have family outings which include walking and cycling so you can all get fitter together. Being active burns more energy and the body then starts to use up its fat stores.
Use the eatwell plate to help you get the balance right. It shows how much of what you eat should come from each food group. (Recommended for children over five).
Many parents are unaware of the dangers of childhood obesity but by following the top tips below you can make a difference to your child's health.
Sugar Swaps - Swapping sugary snacks and drinks for ones that are lower in sugar can make a huge difference.
Meal Time - It's important for kids to have regular, proper meals as growing bodies respond better to routine.
Snack Check - Many snacks are full of the things that are bad for us - sugar, salt, fat and calories. So try and keep a careful eye on how many the kids are having.
Me Size Meals - It's important to make sure they get just the right amount for their age.
Cut Back Fat - Too much fat is bad for us. It's not always easy to tell where it's lurking.
Up and About - Most of us spend too long sitting down. Keep active. Encourage your child to walk, you may need to use child safety reins.
Get going with the 10 Minute Shake Up!
The Change4Life 10 Minute Shake Up is an initiative in partnership with Disney,for families in England, particularly those with children aged 5 to 11. It aims to inspire and help children do at least 60 minutes of physical activity each day, which is the government recommendation. The 60 minutes of activity can be achieved either by doing all the activity in one session, or through several shorter bursts of activity of 10 minutes or more.
Get ideas, games, special offers and a free 10 Minute Shake Up pack containing a stopwatch, wall chart and activity cards as well as reward stickers and a host of Disney inspired fun ideas for short bursts of 10 minute exercise. Visit the Change4Life website for more details.
Salt and sugar is added to nearly all processed products. Three-quarters of the salt and sugar we eat is already in the food, the rest is what we add to cooking or shake on our meals. Children aged 7 to 10 years need less than 5g of salt a day (around 1 teaspoon).
My child looks chubby and seems to only want to eat food.
Exercise together as a family and find out more about healthy eating.
If you are worried discuss with your GP.
www.patient.co.uk/health/obesity-and-overweight-in-adults Advice for patients on obesity and overweight.


So guess what today is Mom?
This is the anniversary of the first base jump off El Capitan.
Pelky and Schubert gave it a go this day in 1966.
It didn't go well, but they lived.
Of course, after that, jumping off El Capitan is verboten.


text:
Bowl barrow on Swinyard's Hill
A Scheduled Monument in Stowting, Kent
Latitude: 51.1426 / 51°8'33"N
Longitude: 1.0407 / 1°2'26"E
OS Grid: TR127425
Mapcode National: GBR TZR.CY3
Mapcode Global: VHLH6.0J1Z
Entry Name: Bowl barrow on Swinyard's Hill
Scheduled Date: 30 January 1952
Last Amended: 6 February 1991
Civil Parish: Stowting
Traditional County: Kent
Lieutenancy Area (Ceremonial County): Kent
The monument, which is situated on a slight south-facing slope, includes
a roughly circular burial mound and a surrounding ditch which has been
completely infilled by erosion and recent agricultural activity. The
mound measures some 31m in diameter and stands over 2m higher than the
ground on the south side, although because of the sloping ground this
measurement is reduced to 0.7m on the northern side.
The surrounding ditch is visible only as a band of darker grass some 3m
wide separated from the present foot of the mound by between 3 and 5m.
The mound edge formerly abutted the surrounding ditch, but subsequent
erosion and agricultural activity has reduced the dimensions of the
mound slightly, separating it from its ditch. The ditch originally
provided the soil with which the mound was constructed. The mound and
the ditch together have a diameter of 47m.
This was once a comparatively large burial mound. It was partially
excavated in 1870 by John Brent, who found fragments of Bronze Age
pottery and the remains of a funeral pyre at a depth of less than 1m.
These are likely to have belonged to a secondary burial: Brent
considered that he had failed to locate the primary burial owing to the
alteration of the shape of the mound during soil improvement activities
in the 1840s. More recent agricultural activities exposed several stone
tools in the soil of the mound, suggesting that other secondary burials,
accompanied by grave goods, had been placed in the upper parts of the
mound.
Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments
dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age, with most
examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as
earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple
burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often
acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar,
although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form
and a diversity of burial practices. There are over 10,000 surviving bowl
barrows recorded nationally (many more have already been destroyed), occurring
across most of lowland Britain. Often occupying prominent locations, they are
a major historic element in the modern landscape and their considerable
variation of form and longevity as a monument type provide important
information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisations amongst early
prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period
and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of
Despite the limited damage to the barrow on Swinyard's Hill caused by
partial excavation and by agricultural activities, the monument retains
considerable archaeological potential. Not only is the primary burial
considered to be intact, but also surviving is the bulk of the mound
and hence any other secondary burials inserted into it as well as much
of the original ground surface beneath the mound with its evidence of
the prior land-use of the area, and the soil accumulations in the
ditches which often contain dating evidence.
Darvill, T, Monument Class Description - Bowl barrows, 1988,
TR14 SW1, TR14 SW1,
Roman barrow, 438m south-west of Middle Park
Motte and Bailey Castle 200m North-West of Stowting Church
Bowl barrow, the westernmost of six in West Wood
Bowl barrow 200m from Stone Street, one of six in West Wood
Lyminge
Bowl barrow, the southernmost of six in West Wood
Bowl barrow 500m west of Mariners, one of six in West Wood
Bowl barrow, the northernmost of six in West Wood
Bowl barrow 90m north of Stowting Court


text:
Q: Extracting value of xml tag in PostgreSQL Below is the column response from my Postgres table.  I want to extract the status from all the rows in my Postgres database. The status could be of varying sizes like SUCCESS as well so I do not want to use the substring function. Is there a way to do it?
<?xml version="1.0" ?><response><status>ERROR_MISSING_DATA</status><responseType>COUNTRY_MISSING</responseType><country_info>USA</country_info><phone_country_code>1234</phone_country_code></response>

so my table structure is like this
   Column    |            Type             |                        Modifiers

-------------+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------

 id          | bigint                      | not null default nextval('events_id_seq'::regclass)
 hostname    | text                        | not null
 time        | timestamp without time zone | not null
 trn_type    | text                        |
 db_ret_code | text                        |
 request     | text                        |
 response    | text                        |
 wait_time   | text                        |

And I want to extract status from each and every request.  How do i do this?
Below is a sample row.  And assume the table name abc_events
id          | 1870667
hostname    | abcd.local
time        | 2013-04-16 00:00:23.861
trn_type    | A
request     | <?xml version="1.0" ?><response><status>ERROR_MISSING_DATA</status><responseType>COUNTRY_MISSING</responseType><country_info>USA</country_info><phone_country_code>1234</phone_country_code></response>
response    | <?xml version="1.0" ?><response><status>ERROR_MISSING_DATA</status><responseType>COUNTRY_MISSING</responseType><country_info>USA</country_info><phone_country_code>1234</phone_country_code></response>

A: Use the xpath() function:
WITH x(col) AS (SELECT '<?xml version="1.0" ?><response><status>ERROR_MISSING_DATA</status></response>'::xml)
SELECT xpath('./status/text()', col) AS status
FROM   x

/text() strips the surrounding <status> tag.
Returns an array of xml - with a single element in this case:
status
xml[]
-------
{ERROR_MISSING_DATA}

Applied to your table
In response to your question update, this can simply be:
SELECT id, xpath('./status/text()', response::xml) AS status
FROM   tbl;

If you are certain there is only a single status tag per row, you can simply extract the first item from the array:
SELECT id, (xpath('./status/text()', response::xml))[1] AS status
FROM   tbl;

If there can be multiple status items:
SELECT id, unnest(xpath('./status/text()', response::xml)) AS status
FROM   tbl;

Gets you 1-n rows per id.
Cast to xml
Since you defined your columns to be of type text (instead of xml, you need to cast to xml explicitly. The function xpath() expects the 2nd parameters of type xml. An untyped string constant is coerced to xml automatically, but a text column is not. You need to cast explicitly.
This works without explicit cast:
  SELECT xpath('./status/text()'
      ,'<?xml version="1.0" ?><response><status>SUCCESS</status></response>')

A CTE like in my first example needs a type for every column in the "common table expression". If I had not cast to a specific type, the type unknown would have been used - which is not the same thing as an untyped string. Obviously, there is no direct conversion implemented between unknown and xml. You'd have to cast to text first: unknown_type_col::text::xml. Better to cast to ::xml right away.
This has been tightened with PostgreSQL 9.1 (I think). Older versions were more permissive.
Either way, with any of these methods the string has to be valid xml or the cast (implicit or explicit) will raise an exception.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With more than 100 live performances in the past two years, Capital Celtic is one of the most active live Irish music bands, performing the best Irish music for weddings, private events and pubs throughout 15,800 square miles of Virginia, Maryland, Washington DC, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware.
Browse our song list, read our reviews, check our performance schedule, and listen to our live music recordings here.
We're one of the most requested Celtic bands in Virginia, Maryland Washington DC, and Pennsylvania, performing at these events and more.
"I highly recommend Capital Celtic to anyone seeking a first-class musical experience."
"They are spectacular! It's an absolute joy to hear them play!"
"Very professional, with a great mix of Celtic music, that will keep your hands clapping and toes tapping. You will not be disappointed!!"
"Wow! All I can say is WOW! This band was great and they knew just how to cater their amazing talents and music to match the setting."


This article is about the term in The Transformers cartoon. For the empire built up by the Second Generation Decepticons, see Cybertronian Empire.
"Is this how you honor the memory of Galvatron? Is this the fate of the mighty Decepticon Empire?!"
Although it was his ultimate goal, Megatron would never have been content with merely ruling Cybertron. It matters not that their creator intended the Transformers to be a race of peace. The Decepticons are the highest form of life in existence, conquerers who will bring order to a galaxy plagued by disorder and weak organics, which the Autobots seem intent on protecting. Thus, Megatron is destined to lead the Decepticon Empire to rule the universe. He will accept nothing less.
And only one thing is standing in his way.
The Decepticon Empire is not one of conquest, but pillaging. Via the Infiltration protocol they let the planet ruin itself, before taking its resources and letting Sixshot completely reduce it to ash and rubble.


text:
Dublin San Ramon Services District Water Resource Recovery Facility (Photo by Overaa Construction)
Home News Our Water Future: In Retirement Levi Fuller Plans to Continue Growing Pipeline of New Professionals
Our Water Future: In Retirement Levi Fuller Plans to Continue Growing Pipeline of New Professionals
Career Stories, Members in the News, Veterans in Water
If you work in the Bay Area's wastewater sector you likely know Levi Fuller. After thirty-one years on the job, most recently as the Operations Supervisor for Dublin San Ramon Services District, Levi has decided it's time for some new adventures. He's switching off his work cell phone for good and heading out into retirement.
A Navy veteran, Levi has been involved in CWEA, BAYWORK and the Bay Area Consortium of Water/Wastewater Education for decades. Overseeing the treatment plant during the day, he taught anxious young water and wastewater students at Solano College in the afternoons and evenings.
Levi estimates 60 of his students are now working at nearby Bay Area water and wastewater agencies.
He's impressed with his students, with their grind and hustle. Levi remembers his own efforts to get into the sector, working during the day and taking classes in water and wastewater in the evenings. It takes a lot of work to get to where you want to go in this sector.
"You have to admire that," he said. "Every time I get an email or a call from a student telling me they've gotten a job, that just makes my week."
At first, Levi wasn't certain how to be a teacher. Dublin San Ramon decided to join the Bay Area education consortium 15 years ago and the general manager asked for volunteer teachers. Levi put his hand up, and the rest, as they say, is history.
"I didn't know anything about teaching, but I was willing to give it a shot." Levi shared a saying he enjoys. "Your first 25 years are about education, your next 25 about fame and fortune, and during your third 25 years you give back. So I'm into giving back now."
From Aircraft Carrier to Treatment Plant
The aircraft carrier USS Nimitz conducts a replenishment-at-sea July 2017. (U.S. Navy photo/Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Ian Kinkead)
Levi spent four and half years on the Navy aircraft carrier USS Nimitz and part of his job on the Nimitz was operating the advanced desalination treatment system. The system turned 400,000 gallons of seawater into potable water every day for the 6,000 sailors on board.
After leaving the military Levi joined an environmental firm working on remediation of polluted sites. During one of the firm's research projects on microbest to remove phenols from waste streams Levi was sent out to a wastewater plant to gather samples of activated sludge.
"That's when I became aware of the wastewater industry," Levi said. Shortly thereafter he took a job as an operator at Pinole's wastewater treatment plant. "I just found that whole idea fascinating. For me, it was good starting my career at a small facility like Pinole, because you could learn the entire plant and all of the processes, as well as doing some maintenance and electrical work."
Levi likes to share a story of how small and connected the California wastewater community is. One day while driving down the road in Richmond another car started honking at him to get his attention.
"It was my old friend from the Navy Brian Hill. Brian and I met in the Navy in Great Lakes, Illinois back in 1982. We were both from Alabama. We got stationed in several different places and moved around, then then independently of one another, we both ended up in the Bay Area.
We got to a point in the conversation was like, 'Hey man, what do you do for a living?' And he replied, "Oh, I'm a wastewater treatment plant operator for the city of Richmond." And I said, "I'm a wastewater treatment plant operator for the city of Pinole."
It was just an amazing coincidence that both of us independently ended up in the Bay Area and ended up in the wastewater industry."
Chief Plant Operator Responsibilities
After 30 years on the job, one of the things Levi won't miss from the working world is the always on call requirements for Chief Plant Operators.
"As all Chief Plant Operators can appreciate, every moment, every hour, every day, weekends, holidays, there is always someone who works for you on duty. So on occasion you'll get a call on the weekend, on Thanksgiving or Christmas. Or when you're at a party with a drink in your hand. I've had a great staff who took care of things. It's just a big relief not being on call every minute of every hour, of every day."
Chief plant operators also have enormous legal responsibilities to their agency, community and the State. CPOs are listed in the State's legally responsible officials database and sign off on all the facility's water quality reports.
"Every month when you submit that monthly report and you click that box that says I declare under penalty of perjury that everything is correct to the best of your knowledge, it is a monthly reminder of the seriousness of what we do," said Levi.
For Levi protecting the community and San Francisco Bay have driven him throughout his career.
"Sometimes I'll take a moment and go down to the Bay near Berkeley and just look at the bay and have a cup of coffee and just check it out. We need to recognize how beautiful the Bay is, what an incredible estuary it is.
And then I think about the fact of what I do for a living. I help protect that Bay and that is something that is really, really cool. Something that I think about and appreciate it."
Thank you for your service to the industry Levi and for training the next generation of wastewater professionals!
Ask Dr. Mentor: The Guides by Your Side
CWEA Member Richard Pallante Appointed as General Manager


Developed a web application enabling companies to promote their products online via custom-branded bracket competitions. Businesses can set up their own bracket contest, customize the colors and images to match their brand, and populate their bracket contest with their own product names, images, and descriptions.
After we built the initial app, our client was accepted into AlphaLab, a Pittsburgh-based startup accelerator that is considered one of the top accelerator programs in the nation.


text:
World Bank $200bn climate investment welcome but financial terms and continued fossil fuels investments remain a challenge
Responding to the announcement that the World Bank is to make $200bn available to support climate action in poor countries, Kiri Hanks, Oxfam Climate Change Policy Advisor at the UN Climate Change Conference said:
"The World Bank Group's pledge to deliver $200 billion helping poor countries reduce their emissions and adapt to a changing climate is very welcome, particularly the World Bank commitment to spend 50% on adaptation. However, while the sums involved may sound huge, in reality they are inflated as most of the money is to come in the form of loans, which obviously must be paid back, guarantees, and private investments. It is not clear how much of this money is provided in grants, which is a key issue under negotiation at COP.
"Oxfam is also calling on the World Bank to shift its energy spending away from harmful fossil fuels and towards renewable energy, and carefully assess all its investments to ensure that they do not harm local communities or the environment and they meet the needs of people in living energy poverty."
For background, please see: Development banks still pouring billions into fossil fuels in climate-vulnerable Asian countries
Nadia Daar, Head of Washington DC Office, Oxfam International
Nadia.Daar@oxfam.org
office: 202.496.1176 cell: 202.615.2390
For updates, please follow @Oxfam.
https://oxf.am/2KSpxYZ


Comes in a 3″ and 4″ size. 3″ bow fits in the 4×4 hoop in 2 hoopings (for the 4×4 hoop the bow had to shrink a little, it is closer to about 2 3/4″ size) or the 5×7 hoop in 1 hooping, 4″ requires the 5×7 hoop in 2 hoopings. Stitches all the pieces of the bow, then you assemble it onto a clip or barrette with e6000 or a hot glue gun.


text:
Last edited by Mamuro
Tuesday, July 21, 2020 | History
2 edition of A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years 1675 and 1676 found in the catalog.
A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years 1675 and 1676
published from the original manuscript, in the first volume (second series) of the Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Published 1814 by Printed by J. Eliot in Boston .
Bacon"s Rebellion, 1676,
Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
Series Selected Americana from Sabin"s Dictionary of books relating to America, from its discovery to the present time -- 23229
Contributions Cotton, of Aquia Creek
Attributed to "N.S." by Wing and NUC Pre Attribution to Nathaniel Saltonstall, author of A continuation of the state of New-England, London, , suggested by C.H. Lincoln in Narratives of the Indian Wars, p. 21 Topics: King Philip's War, , Massachuset language, Indian linguistics, Imprint But, except for occasional Indian forays and for house-burnings and scalpings in the more remote districts, there were only two serious wars in the seventeenth century – that against the Pequot in and the great war of King Philip in The Pequot War, which was carried on by Connecticut with a few men from Massachusetts and a.
Soldiers in King Philip's War: being a critical account of that war, with a concise history of the Indian wars of New England from , official lists of the soldiers of Massachusetts colony serving in Philip's war, and sketches of the principal officers, copies of ancient documents and records relating to the war, also lists of the Narraganset grantees of the united colonies. King Philip's War YEARS: to OVERVIEW: In , Wampanoag leader Metacomet (known to the Eng-lish as King Philip) organized several southern New England tribes against the colonists after three Indians were executed for killing a colonist. Half of New England's towns saw armed con-fl ict. In King Philip's War: The History.
Description. In the spring of , Nathaniel Bacon, a hotheaded young newcomer to Virginia, led a revolt against the colony's Indian policies. Bacon's Rebellion turned into a civil war within Virginia--and a war of extermination against the colony's Indian allies--that lasted into the following winter, sending shock waves throughout the British colonies and into England itself. Stanford Libraries' official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more.
English-Russian technical dictionary
Falklands commando
Index to William Ritchies The history of the South African College (Parts II--V) & Eric A. Walkers The South African College and the University of Cape Town
Statement and craft
Calculating drug doses safely
Wyoming lawman
Historical memorials of Canterbury
Report of the Countryside Commission.
Skin Disease
A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years 1675 and 1676 Download PDF EPUB FB2
Book/Printed Material A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years and About this Item. Title A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years and Created / Published [Washington, P.
Force, ]. Get this from a library. A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years and An illustration of an open book.
Books. An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video An illustration of an audio speaker. A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years and Item Preview remove-circle A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years and Publication date Pages: Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for A Narrative of the Indian and Civil Wars in Virginia, in the Years And at the best online prices at.
The beginning, progress and conclusion of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia in the years &written inis a first-hand narrative account of Bacon's Rebellion. The author, "T.M.," is Thomas Mathew of Northumberland County, whose quarrel with the Doeg Indians in historians have attributed as the first in a series of.
Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion that took place in by Virginia settlers. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William 's grievances against Berkeley stemmed from the governor's dismissive policy toward the political challenges of Virginia's western frontier.
The American Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later the United States and Canadian governments and American and Canadian settlers, against various American Indian and First Nation tribes.
The below table highlights the key events, battles, and outcomes of these wars and provides fantastic revision material for. A narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia: in the years and / Published from the original manuscript in the first volume (second series) of the Collections of.
Colonial Civil and Indian Wars: a Virginia History Blog digest of book reviews. Wiseman's Book of Record, First Way of War, Cultures in Conflict, Never Come to Peace Again, Indian and European Contacts in Context.
Access Virginia history in a. A Narrative of the Indian and Civil wars in Virginia, in the years and Published from the original manuscript, in the first volume (second series) of the Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society.
Boston, Printed by J. Eliot. Virginia. Reference Library. 50 Books on DVD. A History of Rockbridge County, Virginia by Oren Frederic Morton - Rockbridge County (Va.) - - pages A Narrative of the Indian and Civil Wars in Virginia: In the Years and Bacon's Rebellion, - - 51 pages.
Albemarle County in Virginia: Giving Some Account of what it was by Nature End date: King Philip's War: Civil War in New England, By James D. Drake University of Massachusetts Press, Read preview Overview A Rabble in Arms: Massachusetts Towns and Militiamen during King Philip's War By Kyle F.
Zelner NYU Press, During Bacon's Rebellion on JNathaniel Bacon and his army issue the "Declaration of the People of Virginia." The Declaration of the People was produced by Nathaniel Bacon detailing the grievances of the colonists of Virginia, written in opposition to the Governor of Virginia.
African American Genealogy online research is much more difficult due to the scant nature of record keeping for African American's prior to the Civil War. This is the reason for creating a separate section for African Americans much like we have for Native Americans who's research can also be hampered by the available records.
The History of Philip's War: Commonly Called the Great Indian War, of and also, of the French and Indian Wars at the Eastward, in, and Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, READING ROOM: Local History E C _____. The History of the Great Indian War of andCommonly Called.
The French and Indian War from Scottish Sources: Dobson, David: Clearfield Publishing: BRAND NEW Softcover: $ THE HISTORY OF PHILIP'S WAR, Commonly Called the Great Indian War of and Also of the French and Indian Wars at the Eastward in, and Thomas Church, Esq: Heritage Books: A Tale of Two Colonies by Virginia Bernhard Intwo years after its English founding, colonists struggled to stay alive in a tiny fort at Smith fought to keep order, battling both English and Indians.
When he left, desperate colonists ate lizards, rats, and human flesh. Surviving accounts of the "Starving Time" differ, as do modern scholars' theories. In the final chapter, Warren covers King Philip's War ().
Early in the conflict Narragansett sachems repeatedly declared their intentions to stay out of the conflict that would eventually. King Philip's War YEARS: to OVERVIEW: InWampanoag leader Metacomet (known to the Eng-lish as King Philip) organized several southern New England tribes against the colonists after three Indians were executed for killing a colonist.
Half of New England's towns saw armed con-fl ict. In King Philip's War: The History. [WH1] A narrative of the Indian wars in New England: from the first planting thereof in the yearto the year containing a relation of the occasion, rise and progress of the war with the Indians in the southern, western, eastern, and northern parts of the said country by William Hubbard ().
A brief history of the war with the Indians in New-England, from J (when the first Englishman was murdered by the Indians) to Augwhen Philip, alias Metacomet, the principal author and beginner of the war, was slain: wherein the grounds, beginning, and progress of the war is summarily expressed: together with a serious-exhortation to the inhabitants of that land / by.The years were pivotal in early America.
Two conflicts altered the nature and direction of England's colonies in the New World. Bacon's Rebellion and King Philip's War destroyed or displaced native groups, which inhabited the eastern seaboard from northern Massachusetts to Virginia.Chronicle of the Indian wars: from colonial times to Wounded Knee.
Creator: Axelrod, Alan Axelrod, Alan.
brightsideglobaltrade.com - A Narrative of the Indian and civil wars in Virginia, in the years 1675 and 1676 book © 2020


text:
Golden Triangle Ventures, Inc. Announces an LOI to Acquire 100% of…
LAS VEGAS, April 16, 2021 /PRNewswire/ — Golden Triangle Ventures, Inc. (OTC PINK:GTVH) has executed a formal Letter of Intent (the "LOI") with Robert DuBose to purchase the remaining 49% of HyFrontier Technologies, Inc., giving Golden Triangle Ventures 100% ownership of the Technology Company upon final execution of a formal purchase agreement.
Steffan Dalsgaard, CEO of Golden Triangle Ventures, states, "We are incredibly excited for the future of our business as we get close to formalizing a full acquisition of HyFrontier Technologies. I believe that this achievement will show the world that both entities are committed to each other which we believe is paramount to the future of this business. Bo is one of the most genuine and brilliant individuals I have ever had the pleasure to work with, and I consider him a true friend and partner of mine. We have been working towards this goal for quite some time now and I believe that accomplishing this transaction will greatly benefit all of our shareholders who have supported us. Bo and I have so much invested into this amazing technology and we are very excited to form a true marriage between Golden Triangle Ventures and HyFrontier Technologies in the near future."
Robert DuBose, CEO of HyFrontier Technologies, states, "I have known Steffan for several years now and anyone who truly knows him, respects his business acumen and commitment to fulfill promises made. I knew people who knew him even before I did and they made similar comments, at the time. Steffan and I agreed to a 3-step approach so we could both feel each other out over the past few years. I can truly say it has been amazing to witness how he fights, not only for Golden Triangle Ventures, but for HyFrontier Technologies, as well. I have always known him to do the right thing for everyone involved, without any exceptions and we both know how important this is to our shareholders. Having more than 40 years starting and building successful businesses, I knew I needed a 'special' partner to get the HyGrO technology to market. I can truly say, Steffan has been a blessing from God to our Company and myself. I will be joining Golden Triangle Ventures as an equal partner to Steffan once the agreement is done, so we can provide a launch platform for our collective success to benefit customers and all of our stakeholders."
HyFrontier Technologies, Inc. Information
Golden Triangle Ventures, Inc. (GTV) is a multifaceted consulting Company pursuing ventures in the Health, Entertainment, and Technology industries. The Company aims to purchase, acquire, and/or joint venture with established entities within these areas of business. Additionally, GTV provides a professional corporate representation service to different companies in these sectors while consulting on a variety of business development objectives. The goods and services represented are driven by innovators who have passion and commitment to these marketplaces. The Company plans to utilize relationships and create a platform for new and existing businesses to strengthen their products and/or services. The three points of the Golden Triangle exclusively represents these three sectors in which the Company aims to do business in.
Lavish Entertainment is a wholly owned subsidiary of Golden Triangle Ventures under its Entertainment Division. The Board of Directors has elected to explore the opportunity to Spin off its Entertainment division through a Form 10 Filing, which is anticipated to be filed after the Company completes auditing its financials. Operating out of Las Vegas, Nevada, the Company started doing business in 2017 and was established with a vision of becoming a nationally recognized concert production Company. The Company currently has more than 30,000 national followers and nearly 100 team members which have helped the Company successfully organize some of the most exciting Electronic Dance Music concerts in Las Vegas. Lavish Entertainment is currently Doing Business as (DBA) "EpicRaves" which will eventually become a wholly owned subsidiary of Lavish Entertainment as the Company expands its business into a variety of other forms of Entertainment.
Golden Triangle Ventures currently owns 51% of HyFrontier Technologies under its Technology Division. The Company owns a patent-pending process and device technology called "HyGrO", which is a molecular Hydrogen and Oxygen delivery system for Agriculture. Golden Triangle Ventures, Inc. is assisting the Company in commercializing the HyGrO unit for farm and home use in markets across the globe. HyFrontier Technologies, Inc. has a mission to improve global crop production efficiency by producing Hydrogen and Oxygen directly in the water stream. This technology can be used on any species of plant life in nearly any grow medium. Additionally, the system can be retrofitted to wellheads for large-scale agricultural projects, indoor grow operations and small farms or utilized for a multitude of residential home and garden applications. In-house testing has shown evidence that Hydrogen is capable of increasing crop yields by up to 25%, and in many circumstances, a much higher amount. Larger root systems and better overall plant health were also observed by watering plants with the HyGrO unit. Universities and multiple 3rd party testing are currently working to validate the HyGrO technology, and all preliminary results are extremely positive. To push the development and commercialization of the technology, Management is now in the process of moving the Company headquarters from Colorado to Florida which will transition its operations into a 7800 sq. ft. state-of-the-art manufacturing facility. The Company recently executed a 3-year lease with an option to purchase the entire 24,000 sq. ft. building which will help the business in achieving its ultimate goal of commercializing this technology to the world.
Facebook: www.facebook.com/GoldenTriangleInc
View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/golden-triangle-ventures-inc-announces-an-loi-to-acquire-100-of-hyfrontier-technologies-inc-301270427.html
SOURCE Golden Triangle Ventures, Inc.


text:
Qualifications and Under 21 events kickoff at the Australian Open
Day 1 action from the 2017 Australian Table Tennis Open, a round of the 2017 Seamaster ITTF World Tour Platinum. (Photo: APAC Sport Media)
The Seamaster 2017 World Tour Australian Open got underway this morning with the Under 21 Singles and qualifications for the Men's and Women's Singles.
Australia's Dillon Chambers came close to a huge upset in the Under 21 Men's Singles when he came up against Kim Minhyeok (KOR), going down 3-2.
"Being my first international tournament in 18 months it was tough to come up against the world number 155 in the second round. obviously for me it was a case of seeing how much I can do in this match with the aim of figuring out where my game is at compared to these players." – Dillon Chambers
Chambers definitely found some rhythm on the court and even led in the deciding game. Despite the loss the match will be a boost of confidence for Chambers.
"Thankfully I came in well prepared, and managed to take it to two games all, and stay composed throughout most of the match but at 7-7 in the fifth I just held back in a couple of my service points and it probably cost me the match. I'm still happy with the result as it's important for me to look to the future." – Dillon Chambers
A massive Aussie and Kiwi matchup between Heming Hu and Tengteng Liu saw the visitor upsetting Heming in front of a home crowd. Liu took the match 4-2. He will now face Germany's Benedikt Duda as he looks for a place in the main draw.
New Zealand couldn't come out on top in all of their Aussie encounters. Dean Shu put Australia's Trent Carter to the test, but the Oceania Junior Champion wasn't able to get the win, but pushed Carter to six games.
Meanwhile, Jiamuwa Wu has proved her success on the international junior stage in the past, but is now looking to make a mark in the senior events. She took down compatriot Sarah Tan in straight games and booked herself a place in the quarterfinal.
Click here full results and schedules for today's matches.
Tengteng Liu got the better of Heming Hu. (Photo: APAC Sport Media)


Books, libraries, and newspapers have at last become things of the past. Now handheld Memes allow for constant communication and entertainment. They can even anticipate our needs, dialing the doctor before we know we're sick, or prompting us with words we can't recall. Yet a few dedicated wordsmiths are still laboring on the final print edition of the North American Dictionary of the English Language. But one evening, right before it's released, Anana Johnson finds that the chief editor—her father—has vanished.
In alternating points of view, Anana and her bookish colleague Bart follow their only clue, the word ALICE, down the proverbial rabbit hole, into subterranean passages, the stacks of the Mercantile Library, and secret meetings of an anti-Meme underground resistance, racing closer to the truth about Anana's father's disappearance, and discovering a frightening connection to the growing "word flu" pandemic.
Alena Graedon was born in Durham, North Carolina, and is a graduate of Brown University and Columbia's MFA program. She has worked at Knopf and PEN and taught at Columbia. The Word Exchange, her first novel, was completed with the help of fellowships at several artist colonies. It has been translated into eight languages. She lives in Brooklyn, New York.


Ecco 69563 Ladies Off Road Sandal In Purple . Sturdy Yucatan Nubuck Leather Sandal Perfect For Outdoor Wear .,With Adjustable Velcro Straps . Comfortable For All Terrains ,With Direct-Injected PU Midsole With Receptor Technology , Dual Density Footbed For Added Comfort , Stretch Fit Material Lining , And Rubber Outsole With Specially Designed Tread Pattern, Offering Superior Grip And Traction . The Ultimate In Comfort - .Lightweight With Flexibility And Stability .An Investmant Buy !


text:
Alternative Magazine Online
Tag Archives: The Gone Jackals
by Marty Mulrooney | 20/04/2017 · 10:52 pm
GAME REVIEW – Full Throttle Remastered (PC)
By Marty Mulrooney
Full Throttle Remastered is an updated version of the classic LucasArts point-and-click adventure game Full Throttle, originally released in 1995. This new version has been lovingly restored and updated for a modern audience by Double Fine Productions (Grim Fandango Remastered, Day of the Tentacle Remastered) and its founder Tim Schafer; Full Throttle was his first game as project lead, head writer and designer. It features updated graphics and sound, improved controls and a developer commentary.
Filed under Games
Tagged as Adventure Games, Ben Throttle, Double Fine Productions, Full Throttle, Full Throttle Remastered, Game Review, Kath Soucie, Lucasarts, Mark Hamill, pc, Peter McConnell, point and click, Roy Conrad, The Gone Jackals
by Marty Mulrooney | 02/01/2012 · 8:25 pm
INTERVIEW – In Conversation With Peter McConnell (Video Game Music Composer)
Peter McConnell is an American video game music composer who has composed award-winning scores for nearly two decades. His credits include numerous titles from LucasArts, where he spent much of his early career composing in-house for games such as Monkey Island II, Full Throttle and Grim Fandango. Peter was recently kind enough to join Alternative Magazine Online for an exclusive online interview, where we got the opportunity to discuss his long and illustrious career in-depth.
Filed under Alternative Musings, Games, Music
Tagged as Brutal Legend, Composer, Double Fine Productions, Full Throttle, Grim Fandango, iMuse, Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis, Interview, Lucasarts, Michael Land, Monkey Island II, Music, Psychonauhts, Soundtracks, The Gone Jackals, TIM SCHAFER
Marty Mulrooney
Guest/Previous
TV REVIEW - Curb Your Enthusiasm Season 7 Episode 1
GAME REVIEW - Girl with a Heart of (PC)
INTERVIEW - In Conversation With Simon D'souza (Composer, The Journey Down: Over The Edge Soundtrack)
BOOK REVIEW – Plugged by Eoin Colfer
INTERVIEW - In Conversation With Jakub Dvorsky, Founder Of Amanita Design And Creator Of Machinarium
Darius Marley on INTERVIEW – In Conversat…
Marty Mulrooney on INTERVIEW – In Conversat…
The final act of #KentuckyRouteZero launches today (the perfect excuse to play again from the very beginning) - con… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 4 hours ago
Happy birthday #ResidentEvil2Remake! 🥳 To celebrate the 1st anniversary of @Capcom_UK/@CapcomUSA_'s modern reimagin… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 3 days ago
RT @PlayStationEU: Happy birthday, RE2! 🎂 As the survival horror remake celebrates its first anniversary today, Capcom looks back at its d… 3 days ago
Follow @AltMagOnline
AMO likes:
© 2009-2020 Martin Mulrooney and Alternative Magazine Online. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of any original material without express and written permission from that material's author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.
Alternative Magazine Online · Welcome to the flips!de


text:
Paracymus elegans is a species of water scavenger beetles in the subfamily Hydrophilinae. It is found in the Southern California.

References

External links

 Paracymus elegans at insectoid.info
 Paracymus elegans at gbif.org

Beetles described in 1901
Hydrophilinae
Fauna of California

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


These machines machines ranges from cassava graters, cassava pressers, cassava fryers, fish and poultry feed mill machines, palm oil production and palm kernel cracking machines. These machines comes in different sizes, weights and production in kg or tons per hours.
Cassava grinding machine under manufacturing. The working principle of cassava grinding machine in Nigeria. The cassava to be processed passes through a conveyer from the cleaning and washing machine into cassava grinding machine. The conveyer can steadily feed the cassava into the high-speed rotary cassava grinding machine grinding rotor.
A hammer mill is a mill whose purpose is to shred or crush aggregate material into smaller pieces by the repeated blows of little hammers. More details about hammer mill, grinding machine, cassava grinder, wood grinder, please feel free to contact us!
Another traditional cassava grinding machine in Nigeria is a kind pedal-operated ccassava grinding machine that is operated by the power applied to the pedals. The grinder grinds the cassava tubers into a paste, which can be filtered through a sieve.
· How our cassava grater works.... visit our facebook page at Shawie Metal Craft.
· grinding machines garri grinding machines garri GARRI, GARI PROCESSING MACHINE YouTube. Jun 28, 2016 . GARRI, GARI PROCESSING MACHINE. . How To Make Ghana Homemade Gari In Abroad / Yuca Or Cassava Recipe/ Obaapa kitchen Style.
Find great deals on eBay for cassava. Shop with confidence.
cassava grinding machine - cassava grinding machine for sale.
Cassava, when dried to a powdery (or pearly) extract, is called tapioca; its fried, granular form is named garri. Cassava is the third-largest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics, after rice and maize. Cassava is a major staple food in the developing world, providing a basic diet for over half a billion people.
electrical driven cassava grinding machine This cassava grinding machine apply to grind tubers of crops (such as cassava,potato,sweet potato etc) to make starch,after grinding can separate slag and starch at the same.the cassava milling machine is popular both in farm and processing factory.
Cassava Grinding Machine Importers & Cassava Grinding Machine … Cassava Grinding Machine Importers – Instantly Connect … I am looking to buy a cassava processing maching to process cassava from peeling, grinding to drying.
The Introduction Of the mini cassava grinding machine: Cassava is mainly distributed in Africa, which is an important source of edible amylum. Besides, the cassava can be engaged in producing various products of cassava starch, cassava flour, cassava pellet, cassava juice, cassava chips through cassava milling machines.
A fter the harvesting of fresh cassava, the soil, root, and the wood part should be eliminated. It is stacked on a clean surface for avoiding mixing iron, nails, stone, wood and other debris. It is stacked on a clean surface for avoiding mixing iron, nails, stone, wood and other debris.
Features of cassava grinding machine. 1.The cassava grinder machine is multifunctional,which can be used for cassava,yam, yuca,sweet potato,potato, 2.Smashing high efficiency, short processing time,without destroying the cassava paste molecules particles is cracking.
Cassava Crusher Grinding Machine Wholesale, the machine not only can use the 220v motor,but also can be used with diesel motor. the cassava crusher machine with compact structure and small footprint,using easy and convinent. our complany produce kinds of food making machine like the potato starch machine, rice mill machine and so on.
There are 1,898 cassava crusher machine suppliers, mainly located in Asia. The top supplying country is China (Mainland), which supply of cassava crusher machine respectively. Cassava crusher machine products are most popular in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Domestic Market.
home small best price cassava grinder machine for flour making (maize /corn /rice /cassava /jowar) The home small best price cassava grinder machine is made as a single flour mill machine. It is simple working, raw material just need feeding into the hopper and then goes to milling.


Hotel Services regularly communicates with many departments onboard.
This division is diverse, customer satisfaction driven, and ensures our crew functions efficiently as a whole. The members of this department have a clear view of how a team should work together, as well as experience in a highly diverse environment, and knowledge of how to motivate themselves and others. Hotel Services offers an incredible work opportunity - the opportunity to 'Deliver the Wow' to our guests and crew, and to excel in a role that truly makes a difference. If you are interested in helping to drive the hotel team to excellence, please explore our opportunities.


Seasons change, but our dreamy, eco-friendly duvets keep you as warm or cool as you choose. Climate beneficial wool is a comfy, naturally insulated treat for allergy sufferers, while mindfully produced down offers options for both year-round and heavy-duty winter weather. All of our duvet inserts are minimally processed and sustainably sourced with organic materials.


Think about taking stock of an individual's furnishings and ornamental equipment, then rearranging or "repurposing" them in the identical area. That is the operate of the inside redesigner, who uses design skills just like these … Read More..
Engage a designer based mostly on their experience, skills and demonstrated capacity to deliver the sort and style of house … Read More..
We create holidays and knowledgeable-led and wildlife group tours to over 100 locations worldwide. Whereas testing design software, we count every preloaded 3D object in each program's library. Some apps, resembling Punch Home & Landscape Design Premium , have hundreds of things and embrace several kinds of tables and windows of assorted lengths. Others, equivalent to Candy Home 3D, have fundamental objects, such as home windows and doors, that can be added and then modified to your required dimensions, although you'll be able to't customize how they look. We discovered that applications with more objects of their libraries make it simpler to set up and envision your finished design for the reason that items serve as extra than simply primary placeholders. These programs typically embody extra ornamental gadgets, akin to vases, that you could place on tables in addition to robust window therapy options.
Photograph-practical 3D Views: Using this comprehensive remodeling software it is possible for you to to view your new design in 3D. You can find designers (and plenty of other professionals for hire) on On that site, you'll be able to take a look at their portfolios and add a description of your project for competitive bidding.
Take a recent method to the way in which you live with Virtual Architect Ultimate House Design with Landscaping and Decks eight.zero. This innovation in home design software delivers the powerful tools and inspiration it is advisable transform your dwelling space, plus expert assist to get the job performed right.
On a final devils advocate" observe, engaged on Small Enterprise Server 2008, we needed to target the DIY or Do-It-Yourselfer" as the system administrator, but additionally enable the paid advisor. Additional time was spent attempting to determine the best way to make the UI work for every audiences than I … Read More..
A house cannot be built right into a dream home and not using a nice set of home plans to build it from. Loads of other folks like Squarespace , which has a transparent aesthetic that you've got most likely seen on-line many occasions. In some methods, they are even less complicated and easier to make use of than WordPress. As a draw back, they don't seem to be free. Pricing ranges from $12-26 a month for easy sites.
When you plan to name your self an interior designer (versus a decorator) in one of many 25 states and jurisdictions or one of many seven Canadian provinces that require licensing for inside designers, you will have to develop into certified. The only authorised certification is obtainable by the National Council for Interior Design Qualification (NCIDQ). To earn that certification, you should maintain a baccalaureate degree with no fewer than 60 inside design-associated semester hours and a sure variety of experience hours. You will need to additionally move an exam that consists of three components: Rules & Practices of Inside Design, Contract Documents & Administration, and Schematics & Design Improvement (each part could also be taken at completely different times if you want). Exams are administered in numerous locations across the United States and Canada within the spring and fall. As of 2005, the cost for all three sections was $695.
Engage a designer based mostly on their experience, qualifications and demonstrated capacity to ship the sort and style of house described in your temporary and to your local weather zone. Be sure you sight their professional indemnity insurance coverage. Search references from previous purchasers and, where potential, go to properties that the designer has completed.
Concept designs ought to think about development programs but not lock them in except they … Read More..