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Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study
Ruben Osnabrugge, Darren Mylotte, Stuart Head, Nicolas van Mieghem, VT Nkomo, CM LeReun, Ad Bogers, Nick Piazza, Arie-Pieter Kappetein
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) in the elderly and to estimate the current and future number of candidates for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background Severe AS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. A proportion of these patients is at high or prohibitive risk for surgical aortic valve replacement, and is now considered for TAVR. Methods A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, and prevalence rates of patients (>75 years) were pooled. A model was based on a second systematic literature search of studies on decision making in AS. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to estimate the number of TAVR candidates in 19 European countries and North America. Results Data from 7 studies (n = 9,723 subjects) were used. The pooled prevalence of all AS in the elderly was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6% to 18.2%), and the prevalence of severe AS was 3.4% (95% CI: 1.1% to 5.7%). Among elderly patients with severe AS, 75.6% (95% CI: 65.8% to 85.4%) were symptomatic, and 40.5% (95% CI: 35.8% to 45.1%) of these patients were not treated surgically. Of those, 40.3% (95% CI: 33.8% to 46.7%) received TAVR. Of the high-risk patients, 5.2% were TAVR can Conclusions With a pooled prevalence of 3.4%, the burden of disease among the elderly due to severe AS is substantial. Under the current indications, approximately 290,000 elderly patients with severe AS are TAVR candidates. Nearly 27,000 patients become eligible for TAVR annually. (C) 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
Osnabrugge, R., Mylotte, D., Head, S., van Mieghem, N., Nkomo, VT., LeReun, CM., Bogers, A., Piazza, N., & Kappetein, A-P. (2013). Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 62(11), 1002-1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.015
Osnabrugge, Ruben ; Mylotte, Darren ; Head, Stuart et al. / Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study. In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2013 ; Vol. 62, No. 11. pp. 1002-1012.
@article{35a1e77561234d6580fc5b3b13d74741,
title = "Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study",
abstract = "Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) in the elderly and to estimate the current and future number of candidates for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background Severe AS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. A proportion of these patients is at high or prohibitive risk for surgical aortic valve replacement, and is now considered for TAVR. Methods A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, and prevalence rates of patients (>75 years) were pooled. A model was based on a second systematic literature search of studies on decision making in AS. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to estimate the number of TAVR candidates in 19 European countries and North America. Results Data from 7 studies (n = 9,723 subjects) were used. The pooled prevalence of all AS in the elderly was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6% to 18.2%), and the prevalence of severe AS was 3.4% (95% CI: 1.1% to 5.7%). Among elderly patients with severe AS, 75.6% (95% CI: 65.8% to 85.4%) were symptomatic, and 40.5% (95% CI: 35.8% to 45.1%) of these patients were not treated surgically. Of those, 40.3% (95% CI: 33.8% to 46.7%) received TAVR. Of the high-risk patients, 5.2% were TAVR can Conclusions With a pooled prevalence of 3.4%, the burden of disease among the elderly due to severe AS is substantial. Under the current indications, approximately 290,000 elderly patients with severe AS are TAVR candidates. Nearly 27,000 patients become eligible for TAVR annually. (C) 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation",
author = "Ruben Osnabrugge and Darren Mylotte and Stuart Head and {van Mieghem}, Nicolas and VT Nkomo and CM LeReun and Ad Bogers and Nick Piazza and Arie-Pieter Kappetein",
journal = "Journal of the American College of Cardiology",
Osnabrugge, R, Mylotte, D, Head, S, van Mieghem, N, Nkomo, VT, LeReun, CM, Bogers, A, Piazza, N & Kappetein, A-P 2013, 'Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study', Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 1002-1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.015
Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study. / Osnabrugge, Ruben; Mylotte, Darren; Head, Stuart et al.
In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Vol. 62, No. 11, 2013, p. 1002-1012.
T1 - Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study
AU - Osnabrugge, Ruben
AU - Mylotte, Darren
AU - Head, Stuart
AU - van Mieghem, Nicolas
AU - Nkomo, VT
AU - LeReun, CM
AU - Bogers, Ad
AU - Piazza, Nick
AU - Kappetein, Arie-Pieter
N2 - Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) in the elderly and to estimate the current and future number of candidates for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background Severe AS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. A proportion of these patients is at high or prohibitive risk for surgical aortic valve replacement, and is now considered for TAVR. Methods A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, and prevalence rates of patients (>75 years) were pooled. A model was based on a second systematic literature search of studies on decision making in AS. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to estimate the number of TAVR candidates in 19 European countries and North America. Results Data from 7 studies (n = 9,723 subjects) were used. The pooled prevalence of all AS in the elderly was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6% to 18.2%), and the prevalence of severe AS was 3.4% (95% CI: 1.1% to 5.7%). Among elderly patients with severe AS, 75.6% (95% CI: 65.8% to 85.4%) were symptomatic, and 40.5% (95% CI: 35.8% to 45.1%) of these patients were not treated surgically. Of those, 40.3% (95% CI: 33.8% to 46.7%) received TAVR. Of the high-risk patients, 5.2% were TAVR can Conclusions With a pooled prevalence of 3.4%, the burden of disease among the elderly due to severe AS is substantial. Under the current indications, approximately 290,000 elderly patients with severe AS are TAVR candidates. Nearly 27,000 patients become eligible for TAVR annually. (C) 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
AB - Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) in the elderly and to estimate the current and future number of candidates for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background Severe AS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. A proportion of these patients is at high or prohibitive risk for surgical aortic valve replacement, and is now considered for TAVR. Methods A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, and prevalence rates of patients (>75 years) were pooled. A model was based on a second systematic literature search of studies on decision making in AS. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to estimate the number of TAVR candidates in 19 European countries and North America. Results Data from 7 studies (n = 9,723 subjects) were used. The pooled prevalence of all AS in the elderly was 12.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6% to 18.2%), and the prevalence of severe AS was 3.4% (95% CI: 1.1% to 5.7%). Among elderly patients with severe AS, 75.6% (95% CI: 65.8% to 85.4%) were symptomatic, and 40.5% (95% CI: 35.8% to 45.1%) of these patients were not treated surgically. Of those, 40.3% (95% CI: 33.8% to 46.7%) received TAVR. Of the high-risk patients, 5.2% were TAVR can Conclusions With a pooled prevalence of 3.4%, the burden of disease among the elderly due to severe AS is substantial. Under the current indications, approximately 290,000 elderly patients with severe AS are TAVR candidates. Nearly 27,000 patients become eligible for TAVR annually. (C) 2013 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
JO - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Osnabrugge R, Mylotte D, Head S, van Mieghem N, Nkomo VT, LeReun CM et al. Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Disease Prevalence and Number of Candidates for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis and Modeling Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2013;62(11):1002-1012. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.015


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Named Entity Results, Morton
The Daily Dispatch: April 5, 1861., [Electronic resource]	 19 5 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the Colonization of the United States, Vol. 1, 17th edition.	 18 0 Browse Search
The Daily Dispatch: April 13, 1861., [Electronic resource]	 14 10 Browse Search
Frederick H. Dyer, Compendium of the War of the Rebellion: Regimental Histories	 14 0 Browse Search
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 28. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones)	 12 0 Browse Search
The Daily Dispatch: April 10, 1861., [Electronic resource]	 11 1 Browse Search
Maj. Jed. Hotchkiss, Confederate Military History, a library of Confederate States Military History: Volume 3, Virginia (ed. Clement Anselm Evans)	 10 0 Browse Search
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 22. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones)	 8 0 Browse Search
Browsing named entities in The Daily Dispatch: October 16, 1862., [Electronic resource]. You can also browse the collection for Morton or search for Morton in all documents.
Your search returned 2 results in 1 document section:
The Daily Dispatch: October 16, 1862., [Electronic resource], Northern news. (search)
Yatse, about 20 years old, yellow complexion, about 5 feet 8 to 10 inches high, a scar on his neck under his jaw, and has a cock or cress eye. Also, two negro men left my farm, about two miles out of town about the same time of day. One man, Morton, aged about 24 or 25 years, black, about 5 feet 10 inches high; no scars recollected; and boy, Dick, 18 years of age, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, black, and had on when he left a deep blue jacket, with brass buttons, and black glass cap. when he left a deep blue jacket, with brass buttons, and black glass cap. Morton is recently from Culpeper county, Va., and Dick I bought from Fauquier county, near Warrenton, Va., last January. George was raised by me in Richmond. I have no doubt but all three are aiming to make their escape to the Yankees by way of Gordonsville and Culpeper. I will give $100 for each of them, delivered to me in Richmond, or secured in jail so I can get them again. oc 14--6t* Silas Omonundro.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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You Are Here: Home → 2013 → August → 28 → Bulatlat.com wins in Red Cross humanitarian reporting
Bulatlat.com wins in Red Cross humanitarian reporting
Janess Ann J. Ellao August 28, 2013 ICRC, Red Cross Award for Humanitarian Reporting
"Their stories and images illustrated the heavy toll of conflicts on civilians – with some looking through the eyes of children who are the more vulnerable in these situations. All the finalists showed that reporting on conflict need not be sensationalized or focused only on the conflict or on the peace negotiations." – Pascal Mauchle, ICRC head of delegation to the Philippines
By JANESS ANN J. ELLAO
MANILA – Bulatlat.com won the third place for online and video category for this year's Red Cross Award for Humanitarian Reporting held at Bayleaf Hotel in Intramuros, Manila, Aug. 27.
"We thank the International Committee of the Red Cross for recognizing our efforts in bringing to the fore the issues of human rights violations and the International Humanitarian Law," Ronalyn V. Olea, reporter of Bulatlat.com, said.
Olea added that, "We dedicate the awards to the victims, especially the children, who are most vulnerable in times of conflict."
This year is the second time that the ICRC, together with its partner organizations such as the Peace and Conflict Journalism Network, International News Safety Institute, Photojournalists' Center of the Philippines, Rotary Club of Manila and the Philippine Red Cross, held the award that aims to recognize reports that focuses on the promotion of international humanitarian law. This is also the second time that Bulatlat.com won in the online category.
There were 25 finalists that competed in five categories: video, photo, print, online and audio. There were also 19 judges that looked into the entries based on the following criteria: evidence of research (30 percent), sourcing (20 percent), coherence (20 percent), style and presentation (15 percent) and conflict-sensitive reporting (15 percent).
Bulatlat.com won third place in the online category for the report titled, "Child rights violations under Aquino government increasing," written by Anne Marxze Umil and was published on Oct. 30, 2012.
The alternative media outfit also won third place in the video category for the short documentary titled, "Killings unabated under Aquino," produced by Olea and posted on Bulatlat.com on June 4, 2012.
Another report titled, "Mining-ravaged Mindanao folk deliver 'closure orders' to mining TNCs, Chamber of Mines," written by Marya Salamat and was published on Dec. 5, 2012, was also one of the finalists for the online category.
Below are the winners per category:
1st Place – "Batang Halau" by Eleazar del Rosario (GMA)
2nd Place – "Bakwit" by Karen Davila and Karen Namora (ABS-CBN)
3rd Place – "Killings unabated under Aquino" by Ronalyn V. Olea (Bulatlat.com)
1st Place – "Child in red blanket" by Jeoffrey Maitem (Philippine Daily Inquirer)
2nd Place – "Bakwit" by Ruby Thursday More (Mindanews)
3rd Place – "Clash on Good Friday" by Erwin Mascariñas (Mindanews)
1st Place – "The Tampakan Project: Battle over Southeast Asia's largest copper-gold reserve" by Bong Sarmiento (Mindanews)
2nd Place – "Anti-Cellophil struggle: A continuing source of inspiration to IPs" by Desiree Caluza (Vera Files)
3rd Place – "Child Rights violations under Aquino government increasing" by Anne Marxze Umil (Bulatlat.com)
1st Place – "Strides into the future" by Stella Estremera (Sunstar Davao)
2nd Place – "Women take lead in bringing peace" by Julie Alipala (Philippine Daily Inquirer)
3rd Place – "Bangsamoro stirs feelings of Christians, Muslims" by Celerina del Mundo (Daily Manila Shimbun)
1st Place – "Tudok Firiz: Meketefu" by Malu Cadelina Manar (DxND Radyo Bida)
2nd Place – "Mga bakwit: TNT sa Maguindanao" also by Manar
3rd Place – "Mga residente sa Maco na-trauma sa gyera" by Ruel Dagsangan (DxDN Radyo Ukay)
Impact of armed conflict on children highlighted
In a statement, the ICRC said the winners of this year's award highlighted the plight of children caught in armed conflict areas. "Batang Halau," for one, which bagged the first place for the video category, documented the stories of "stateless" children born in Sabah to Filipino parents.
"Their stories and images illustrated the heavy toll of conflicts on civilians – with some looking through the eyes of children who are the more vulnerable in these situations. All the finalists showed that reporting on conflict need not be sensationalized or focused only on the conflict or on the peace negotiations," Pascal Mauchle, ICRC head of delegation to the Philippines, said.
Del Rosario, the producer of "Batang Halau," told Bulatlat.com he had a hard time pitching the story to his mother network, saying that they had to factor in the safety of the crew, budget for filming the documentary and if it would rate.
He added that most reports focus on the parents, who escaped the hard life and the trauma brought about by the armed conflict in Mindanao. They sailed to Sabah hoping to find better livelihood and away from war. Their children, however, being "stateless" do not have birth certificates and, as a result, could not avail of schooling from the Malaysian government.
Del Rosario said that since they could not go to school, children either end up as workers in vast plantations in Sabah or sent to jail and then deported back to the Philippines.
"I am happy. The award is just a bonus. Our main aim is to provide awareness and to open the issue for public discussion," he said.
"Strides into the future" told the story of Norjaida, who, at three months old, lost her leg in an ambush in Northern Mindanao while "Child in red blanket" showed a father carrying his child, wrapped in a red blanket as he and other families were fleeing from an armed encounter between government troops and members of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters last year.
The entries of Bulatlat.com, too, focused on children. The video, "Killings unabated under Aquino" told the story of Lourdes Mancera and how he lost her husband and two children when soldiers peppered their home in Camarines Norte with bullets, believing they were protecting members of the New People's Army.
"Child rights violations under Aquino government increasing," on the other hand, reported not just the dangers that children in armed conflict areas go through but also the violations of their socio-economic rights.
The report read, "In the ideal world, children are supposed to be protected from harm and are able to enjoy basic social services such as education and health services. In the ideal world, children are not supposed to die of hunger; they should have a roof over their heads and are living in a safe secure environment; they do not have to work to augment their families' income. But none of these happen in the real world."
This is the second time that the Red Cross Award for Humanitarian Reporting recognized the reports published in Bulatlat.com. During its first awarding in 2011, the alternative news agency won the online category's first and second place for "Child rights advocates bewail distortion of child protection for counterinsurgency" and "Child soldiers or victims," respectively.
Olea said, "Despite our modest resources, we will continue to produce videos and write articles about stories and issues that the public should know about."


Title 24 is a collection of energy standards that address the energy efficiency of new (and altered) homes and commercial buildings. Since 1978, California residents are required to meet the energy efficiency standards contained in Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations. Because energy efficiency reduces energy costs, increases reliability and availability of electricity, improves building occupant comfort, and reduces impacts to the environment, this has made a big impact on the how lighting and other home fixtures are used in California.
As these standards are important and necessary for California's energy future, the goal of the California Title 24 energy standards is the reduction of energy use to benefit all. Homeowners save money, California has a more secure/healthy economy, the environment is less negatively impacted, and electrical systems are more stable.
California's building efficiency standards have saved more than $70 billion in electricity and natural gas costs since 1978.
How does it affect lighting?
All homes and commercial buildings must achieving Title 24 compliance in California. Any new homes, or the remodeled part of new homes that require building permits, are also subject to these standards.
Within these standards includes guidelines for lighting. According to Title 24, at least 50% of the wattage in the kitchen must be consumed by high-efficacy lighting, which usually includes LEDs and fluorescents. To qualify as high-efficacy, light fixtures must be certified by the manufacturer to the California Energy Commission and can't contain a socket that allows low-efficacy lighting, such as an incandescent. LED fixtures must offer a minimum of 90 on the color-rendering index (CRI), which measures crispness and color accuracy. Also, the color temperature must range between 2700-4000k for indoor use.
As exhibited, it is very important for Californians to follow these standards when proving lighting for their homes and buildings. Moreover, light fixtures with Title 24 compliance are ideal for any home in order to assure energy efficiency. You can find more information about the current Title 24 standards here.
Like you mentioned, all homes and buildings must achieve Title 24 compliance in California. I think it's important to point out that this includes existing homes and not just new ones. I'm going to have to get some new light fixtures probably. Although it might cost a little initially, I like that in the long run I'll be more energy efficient.
We have a 1969 home that we are remodeling, adding a room and enlarging a bathroom. Does Title 24 only apply to those two rooms.


The debut feature From Thursday till Sunday / De jueves a domingo (pictured) by Chilean director Dominga Sotomayor was awarded the top prize, the Grand Prix, at the 12th edition of the New Horizons International Film Festival which came to a close yesterday Sunday, July 29 in Wroclaw, Poland. The film follows the perspective of two children who travel with their parents on a road trip from Santiago Chile to the north of Chile on what might be their last family vacation due to marital problems. The Polish award comes with a cash price of €20,000.
Additionally, the Brazilian film Neighbouring Sounds / O som ao redor by Kleber Mendonça Filho received the FIPRESCI award given by film critics associated in the International Federation of Film Critics. The film takes place in present day Recife, Brazil in a middle-class neighborhood where anxieties surface with the arrival of an independent private security firm.
In its 12th edition, the New Horizons Film Festival featured a retrospective of recent Mexican cinema and had some guest Mexican directors including Carlos Reygadas and Nicolás Pereda. On the Road by Brazilian director Walter Salles was the closing night film of the Polish film festival.


Hard to believe perhaps but it's now 10 years since Citylets published its first quarterly report 'Trends In Residential Lettings'. It has been very satisfying to see it evolve over the years to arrive at its current format. And of course for it to be accepted by the Lettings Industry as the de facto source of market trends in Scotland for new tenancies in the PRS.
We enjoy producing our quarterly reports and look forward to what the next few years will bring at a time where the PRS holds unprecedented societal and political significance in Scotland.
The latest Citylets Report to Q4 2016 is now available.
Average rents in the Scottish PRS at the national level recorded an uncharacteristic dip in Q4 2016, down 0.9% on the year to stand at £739 per month on average. Downward pressure from Aberdeen over the last 2 years is usually countered by around 6% growth in Edinburgh and, more recently, the central belt including West Lothian and Glasgow resulting in overall positive growth.
However a slight cooling in the rate of growth in some markets of the central belt pushed annual national growth into the red in Q4 2016. The main 1 & 2 bed markets in Edinburgh continued their steep rise at circa 6% and it will be interesting to see if this rate of annual rise will be maintained much longer.
The pace of the national market remains virtually unchanged over the last year with 61% of all properties let within a month and with an average TTL of 31 days.
Average rents in Edinburgh stand at £984 per month, up 3.6% Year on Year (YOY). Less than the circa 6% recorded in recent quarters, the larger 3 and 4 bed properties pulled the City average down with 1 & 2 bed rentals continuing their steep rise of 6% and 6.1% respectively stretching tenants' budgets ever further.
The Glasgow rental market continues to rise, up 3.9% YOY to stand at £728 on average. As with Edinburgh, this is down from the high growth recorded last quarter (7.2%) but unlike the capital it was the larger 3 & 4 bed properties outperforming the smaller rental homes. The percentage of properties let within a month rose from 70% at Q3 to 72% with average TTLs for the city as a whole remaining fast at 22 days. 28 % of 1 bed properties and 25% of 2 bed properties let within a week.
The easing in the annualized rate of decline observed last quarter has held steady in Q4 with average rents in the city down 15.4% to stand at £790 per month. Average TTLs are now 52 days, a moderate 6 days up on last year and further indication that the Aberdeen rental market is finding its new level.
Dundee average rents posted a 4.7% annual rise to stand just shy of £600 at £597 per month in a quickening market where average TTLs fell by 4 days to 39 and with 49% of properties now letting within a month.
The Citylets Quarterly Report is widely regarded as the most authoritative barometer of the Scottish PRS. For enquiries, please contact us.
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Mike Epps Late Night Comedy Tour Leaves Chicago Winded
Arie Crown Theater - April 19, 2014 - Chicago, IL, USA
Review by Sommer Thornton, photos by Dan Locke
Mike Epps rolled his successful Late Night Comedy Tour into Chicago for two shows at the Arie Crown Theater April 19. Fans packed the theater for grown & sexy late night laughs. The show featured Mike Epps and two opening acts. One of the openers was Chicago native, Kenny Howell. Howell got the audience warmed up quickly with his stories of his childhood growing up in the Robert Taylor projects. Howell was felt by the entire audience, many who are very familiar with growing up in the 80's on the West side of Chi-town. The crowd was gasping when Howell joked about ex-cons working in the kitchen in Church's Chicken, and about the dos and don'ts of receiving fellatio without messing up a woman's hair.
Mike Epps, best known for movies like Sparkle, Next Friday, and his hosting of Shaquille O'Neal's All Star Comedy Jam hit the stage a little before midnight getting right into what he does best, making fun of people. Epps joked that some audience members were taking unauthorized photos with prepaid "Boost mobile phones". He even paused the show to threaten a nearby press photographer saying, "If I find out you're not in my camp, we're f-in you up." Epps spared no punches talking about many of his celebrity friends and frenimies like comedian Kevin Hart, Rick Ross, Miley Cyrus, R. Kelly's lisp, and even Bernie Mac. Epps had nothing but nice things to say about the late comedian, even sharing some of Mac's invaluable advice to him.
One part that was absolutely hilarious was when Epps touched on the controversy with his daughter, who publicly called him a deadbeat dad. While Epps said he loved his daughter dearly, he joked that her mother coerced her to publicly condemn him, and that he himself is to blame for getting a mechanic pregnant. Epps joked that back-in-the-day, he slept with any woman that wanted him, which was most times women he wouldn't look twice at now.
This was one of the funniest comedy shows I've seen this year. Mike Epps kept the crowd roaring non-stop. And he brings his funny friends along for the ride. With a successful career in stand-up under his belt along with a few serious roles in big films, Epps proves that he not just a punchline, but a versatile and very funny entertainer.
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Home / INTERNATIONAL / PAHO issues guidance to reduce COVID-19 transmission among indigenous, afro-descendant groups
PAHO issues guidance to reduce COVID-19 transmission among indigenous, afro-descendant groups
Admin June 9, 2020 INTERNATIONAL, LATEST NEWS, REGIONAL Leave a comment 337 Views
The Pan American Health Organization has published a guide with recommendations on measures to reduce COVID-19 transmission among indigenous populations, Afro-descendants, and other ethnic groups. These focus on promoting hygiene, social distancing, and improving access to basic health services in their communities.
The PAHO guidance notes that these groups face singular challenges, such as higher poverty levels, lack of access to some basic services such as water and sanitation, and cultural barriers, including language barriers. Other factors that can increase their vulnerability include health service access barriers, a higher prevalence of chronic diseases, less access to social safety nets, mistrust caused by a history of racism, and high levels of informal labor among members of these communities.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among indigenous peoples and Afro-descendants, who generally live far from the health services, "can be mitigated if these groups participate from the outset in any decision that affects their health and, with health sector support, embrace prevention measures and connect with the health services network if COVID-19 impacts their territories," the PAHO document says.
In the Amazon basin, for example, there are indigenous populations in over 2400 territories and 800 communities, some 200 of which live in voluntary isolation. "Documented health challenges in these populations include tuberculosis, malaria, and vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles and yellow fever. This is compounded by food insecurity, which affects 85% of the population, and lack of water and sanitation services," the guidance notes.
The reasons that ethnic groups may face higher risks of contracting COVID-19 include barriers to adopting certain basic hygiene practices, such as handwashing if there is no soap and water, and difficulty practicing social distancing, which may not be culturally acceptable or practical, the PAHO document notes. "These problems must be solved through measures promoted from the perspective of indigenous peoples or Afro-descendants, with support from the health sector and/or other sectors involved in meeting priority needs such as soap for handwashing," it adds.
Another challenge for these communities is the lack of access to culturally appropriate, good-quality basic services capable of managing potential COVID-19 cases in these populations. PAHO recommends that care for COVID-19 should be inclusive and that health care workers in indigenous and Afro-descendant communities should coordinate actions with community leaders to transmit all necessary information to the communities.
The PAHO document includes recommendations for indigenous groups, Afro-descendants, and other ethnic groups, for their community leaders, governments, and health personnel. In this regard, it suggests that governments should promote opportunities for participation and dialogue, not only to deal with the immediate effects of COVID-19 but also to handle the post-emergency phase, which should include economic and social recuperation.
PAHO's guidance suggests it is important to "ensure that all members of the household know what to do if someone in the family comes down with COVID-19 and the specific support they should provide. It should be kept in mind that in some communities, the Western concept of "household" is often not applicable, with "households" consisting of the extended family, which represents the community as a whole," the guidance says.
Communication is also key in reaching ethnic groups, and health authorities should provide information in indigenous languages, with culturally appropriate messages using symbols and images where possible, validated by the community, PAHO says.
It adds that each measure that governments take should take into account the cultural realities of those groups, and outlines the need for measures to protect these territories, such as actions to provide potable water, soap, and disinfectants, as well as food and other basic necessities.
With respect to the proper management of dead bodies in the context of COVID-19, the document notes it is important to follow national protocols and guidelines with specific responses that are safe, dignified, culturally acceptable, and tailored to the traditions and customs of indigenous peoples, Afro-descendants, and other ethnic groups, taking into account the PAHO/WHO recommendations on dead body management.
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The objective of the study is to look at the social impact of development in relation to the relocation of people from an informal settlement to a formal settlement. This is demonstrated by illustrating how the context and flexibility of space influences the social and economic life of people. I show how the spatial flexibility with in, and the context of, an informal settlement enabled people to strategise around their living environment for their survival and well being. This contrasts with the disruption and disturbance to social and economic life in the formal settlement to which they were relocated. Evidence for my argument emerges from fieldwork carried out in the Western Cape between March and June 1997, firstly in the Marconi Beam informal settlement and secondly amongst the same people in their new formal settlement, Joe Slovo Park.
Yose, C. 1999. From shacks to houses : space usage and social change in a Western Cape shanty town. University of Cape Town.


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text:
MY COUNTRY by SHAW DESMOND
When Shaw Desmond (1877-1960) wrote My Country, a play in four acts, he was a noted journalist in Great Britain, an internationally acclaimed novelist as well as a world traveler and lecturer. The play was published in 1921; however, I have not found the year when it was written.
The first act of My Country takes place on an August morning in London just before the outbreak of the Great War. The second act is twelve months later (1915); the third act is a few days after the previous act and the fourth act is about a year after (1916). Why did Desmond write My Country as a play instead of a novel? The play format allowed Desmond to quickly expose the various political positions held by diverse classes in Great Britain within a relatively short time span. Also he was able to demonstrate with theatrical flair how inflexible political principles could impact the war situation. He made the situation heartfelt and personal when he developed a romantic triangle. This personal entanglement further depicts the impact of political feelings on the lives of thoughtful individuals and of the emotional consequences.
My Country is a book drama. It is a play of ideas with a lot of intellectual debates fueled by politically extreme points of view. The factions represent those that were active in Great Britain prior to the war. The first act is set in the London headquarters of the Workers' Party where an international meeting of opponents to the impending war is being held. The opinions of the many anti-war factions are argued and defended. This is a volatile scene since opinions include several different types of pacifism—ultra-pacifism insisting on non-violence at all costs; constitutional pacifism requiring the democratic process as well as the voice of Parliament; intellectual pacifism with lots of soul searching; conservative patriotism; internationalism; violent anarchism and traditional trade-unionism. These various factions have no means by which they may reach a unified position. The debate continues and is escalated in the second act even though the war is well underway. The various parties must determine how far they will pursue their beliefs. Would they allow the enemy to invade and claim their country without a fight! The various stances are argued, but by the end of the act, there is no united opinion. The third act is set in Trafalgar Square during a Pacifist rally. The crowd is hostile and eventually tries to lynch the speakers. The fourth act is a change of pace and it is set in a front-line hospital. The three major characters, the romantic triangle, are the focus of the scene and their conflicting points of views are somewhat resolved.
I found the play engaging while I read it, but I do not believe I would appreciate it on stage since it is dominated by so much political ideology. The topic is interesting and the plot provides many insights into British politics during the early war years, but acts one and two are long political debates.
I particularly enjoyed learning about Shaw Desmond's life and work. He was born in Ireland, but went to live in London at the age of eleven. He claimed in the San Francisco Chronicle (July 19, 1919) that he was "a raw lad from a Cork county farm."
At the age of twenty-six, he decided to become a writer and public speaker. He quickly became an active public orator on London street corners. He also wrote political articles for the London Magazine. One of his feature articles in 1913 discussed the effect of Trades Unionism in the United Kingdom. By January of 1914, he was acclaimed by the London Eagle as "one of the most brilliant and fearless of the younger school of British journalists." This accolade was written while Desmond was conducting a London investigation concerning the moral danger young ladies face when they enter business life as typists and secretaries. In early 1914, he also made a big splash in both Great Britain and the United States when he claimed to have evidence of reincarnation.
His 1919 novel titled Democracy dealt with Socialism and it became a popular book in England and a sensation in the United States. He traveled to the United States and was popular on the speakers' circuit. This novel was the first of three that kept him busy traveling. He returned to the United States in 1921 to speak about his latest book titled Passion, which discussed London life and the struggle between the material and the ideal. His third novel titled Gods was also published in 1921 and it continued to draw admiration in the United States. This book focuses on industrial exploitation. In addition to discussing his latest novel, he also presented lectures on a variety of topics including "Ireland, Its Problems and Future," "America and Europe" and "The Future of Democracy." I did not find any references to My Country, even though it was published in the same year. Shaw Desmond knew how to be controversial in a manner that captured wide attention, such as when he proclaimed in 1922 that "the 'war paint' of the American woman is her biggest menace." He also continued his interest in Spiritualism and Reincarnation and in 1934, he was founder of the International Institute for Psychical Research.
Shaw Desmond also strongly believed, as early as 1924, that there would be another major war. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle ran a story on January 26, 1924 with the headline "Poison War Coming, Keep U.S. Out of It, Says Shaw Desmond". He claimed that Europe was concentrating on manufacturing airplanes and poison gas for use in another World War. He predicted that war would occur in the next ten to fifteen years. At this time, he had traveled 40,000 miles in American as well as all over Europe. He was an astute observer of the political environment and an exceedingly interesting individual.
If you know the title of any other plays by Shaw Desmond, please post them under comments. Also any productions of his plays will be welcome—include name of theatre and city, dates of run and any other information that would be of interest.
Labels: book drama, London Magazine, My Country, pacifism, Shaw Desmond


text:
Voyaging in Strange Seas: The Great Revolution in Science
Editorial: Yale University Press
Comprar on line Reservar en librería Por confirmar
In 1492 Columbus set out across the Atlantic; in 1776 American colonists declared their independence. Between these two events old authorities collapsed—Luther's Reformation divided churches, and various discoveries revealed the ignorance of the ancient Greeks and Romans. A new, empirical worldview had arrived, focusing now on observation, experiment, and mathematical reasoning. This engaging book takes us along on the great voyage of discovery that ushered in the modern age. David Knight, a distinguished historian of science, locates the Scientific Revolution in the great era of global oceanic voyages, which became both a spur to and a metaphor for scientific discovery. He introduces the well-known heroes of the story (Galileo, Newton, Linnaeus) as well as lesser-recognized officers of scientific societies, printers and booksellers who turned scientific discovery into public knowledge, and editors who invented the scientific journal. Knight looks at a striking array of topics, from better maps to more accurate clocks, from a boom in printing to medical advancements. He portrays science and religion as engaged with each other rather than in constant conflict; in fact, science was often perceived as a way to uncover and celebrate God's mysteries and laws. Populated with interesting characters, enriched with fascinating anecdotes, and built upon an acute understanding of the era, this book tells a story as thrilling as any in human history.
Historia de la ciencia y de la tecnología
Inventos y artefactos
Cerebro, Mente y Lenguaje
Etología
Filosofía, Historia y Epistemología
Harris, Sam
Los jinetes del apocalipsis
Hossenfelder, Sabine
Perdidos en las Matemáticas
La ciencia del alma
Chalmers, Alan F.
¿Qué es esa cosa llamada ciencia?


text:
johnson Lab
Department of Fish & Wildlife sciences
Rabon, J.*, P. Coates, M. Ricca, and T. N. Johnson. Chukar parasitism of greater sage-grouse nests. Journal of Wildlife Management; in review.
McIntire, S.E.*, J.C. Rabon*, P.S. Coates, M.A. Ricca, and T.N. Johnson. Greater sage-grouse chick depredated by Great Basin gopher snake. Western North American Naturalist; in press.
Johnson, T.N., K.L. Kosciuch, P.J. Sikes, A.K. Arnold. Influence of age and dispersal on reproductive success of Cliff Swallows. Texas Journal of Science 71: article 6. https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_71_1_Article6.
York, K.J.*, T.N. Johnson, J.V. Yelich, W.J. Price, and M.J. Ellison. 2019. Mesic meadow response to varying levels of grazing utilization in south central Idaho. Translational Animal Science; Volume 70. in press.
Johnson, T.N., K. Nasman, Z. P. Wallace, L. E. Olson, J. R. Squires, R. M. Nielson, and P.L. Kennedy. 2019. Survey design for broad-scale, territory-based occupancy monitoring of a raptor: ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis) as a case study. PLoS One: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213654.
Kennedy, P.L., J.B. Fontaine, R.J. Hobbs, T.N. Johnson, R. Boyle, and A.S. Lueders. Do novel ecosystems provide habitat value for wildlife? Revisiting the physiognomy vs. floristics debate. Ecosphere 9: e02172. pdf
Gillan, J.K., E.K. Strand, and T.N. Johnson. Sage-grouse habitat in Idaho: a practical guide for landowners and managers. Idaho Forest, Wildlife, and Range Experiment Station. University of Idaho, Moscow. Contribution 1048, version 2. pdf
Sandercock, B.K., M. Alfaro-Barrios, A.E. Casey, T.N. Johnson, T.W. Mong, K.J. Odom, K.M. Strum, and V.L. Winder. 2015. Effects of grazing and prescribed fire on resource selection and nest survival of upland sandpipers in an experimental landscape. Landscape Ecology 30: 325-337. pdf
Johnson, T.N., S.W. Buskirk, G. Hayward, and M.G. Raphael. 2015. Timber harvest interacts with broad-scale forest mortality to affect site occupancy dynamics of a vertebrate seed predator. Forest Ecology and Management 340: 95-102. pdf
Johnson, T.N., S.W. Buskirk, G. Hayward, and M.G. Raphael. 2014. Tree mortality after synchronized forest insect outbreaks: effects of tree species, bole diameter, and cutting history. Forest Ecology and Management 319: 10-17. pdf
Saab, V., Q. Latif, M. Rowland, T.N. Johnson, A.D. Chalfoun, S.W. Buskirk, J. Heyward and M. Dresser. 2014. Ecological consequences of mountain pine beetle outbreaks for wildlife in western North American forests. Forest Science 60: 339-359. Invited. pdf
Schmalz, H.J., R.V. Taylor, T.N. Johnson, P.L. Kennedy, S.J. DeBano, B. Newingham, and P.A. McDaniel. 2013. Soil morphologic properties and cattle stocking rate affect dynamic soil properties. Rangeland Ecology and Management 66: 445-453. pdf
Johnson, T.N., P.L. Kennedy, and M.A. Etterson. 2012. Nest success and cause-specific nest failure of grassland passerines breeding in prairie grazed by livestock. Journal of Wildlife Management 76:1607-1616. pdf
Kimoto, C., S.J. DeBano, R.W. Thorp, H. Schmalz, R.V. Taylor, T. DelCurto, T.N. Johnson, P.L. Kennedy, and S. Rao. 2012. Short-term responses of native bees to livestock and implications for managing ecosystem services in grasslands. Ecosphere 3:88. pdf
Johnson, T.N., P.L. Kennedy, T. DelCurto, and R.V. Taylor. 2011. Bird community responses to cattle stocking rates in Northwest Bunchgrass prairie. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 144: 338-346. pdf
Johnson, T.N. and B.K. Sandercock. 2010. Restoring tallgrass prairie and grassland bird populations in tall fescue pastures with winter grazing. Rangeland Ecology and Management 63: 679-688. pdf
Johnson, T.N., R.D. Applegate, D.E. Hoover, P.S. Gipson, and B.K. Sandercock. 2009. Evaluating avian community dynamics in restored riparian habitats with mark-recapture models. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 121: 22-40. pdf
Johnson, T.N. and B.K. Sandercock. 2005. Winter-grazing increases native prairie grasses in fescue-dominated pastures (Kansas). Ecological Restoration 23:115-116. Invited. pdf
Kennedy, P.L., T. DelCurto, S.J. DeBano, R.V. Taylor, T.N. Johnson, S. Wyffels, C. Kimoto, H. Schmalz, and R. Limb. Is livestock grazing sustainable in a northeast Oregon grassland? IN Glaser, A., ed. 2012. America's Grasslands Conference: Status, Threats, and Opportunities. Proceedings of the 1st Biennial Conference on the Conservation of America's Grasslands. August 15-17, 2011, Sioux Falls, SD. Washington, DC and Brookings, SD: National Wildlife Federation and South Dakota State University. pdf


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text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using DotNetFreeSwitch.Messages;
using DotNetty.Buffers;
using DotNetty.Codecs;
using DotNetty.Transport.Channels;
using NLog;

namespace DotNetFreeSwitch.Codecs
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     EslFrameDecoder.
    ///     Look for \n\n in your receive buffer
    ///     Examine data for existence of Content-Length
    ///     If NOT present, process event and remove from receive buffer
    ///     IF present, Shift buffer to remove 'header'
    ///     Evaluate content-length value
    ///     Loop until receive buffer size is >= Content-length
    ///     Extract content-length bytes from buffer and process
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class FrameDecoder : ReplayingDecoder<FrameDecoder.DecoderState>
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///     EslFrameDecoder State. This help us to decode the FreeSwitch message based upon the different parts.
        ///     We all know that according to their documentation every freeSwitch has two parts.
        ///     <see cref="http://wiki.freeswitch.org/wiki/Event_List#Minimum_event_information" />
        /// </summary>
        public enum DecoderState
        {
            READ_HEADER,
            READ_BODY
        }

        private const char LineFeedChar = '\n';

        private readonly Logger _logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();

        /// <summary>
        ///     This is very useful during freeSwitch outbound_mode when we issue the connect command to freeSwitch to retrieve
        ///     connected call data.
        /// </summary>
        private readonly bool _treatUnknownHeadersAsBody;

        private Message _actualMessage;

        public FrameDecoder() : this(false)
        {
        }

        public FrameDecoder(bool treatUnknownHeadersAsBody) : this(DecoderState.READ_HEADER,
            treatUnknownHeadersAsBody)
        {
        }

        public FrameDecoder(DecoderState initialState,
            bool treatUnknownHeadersAsBody) : base(initialState)
        {
            _treatUnknownHeadersAsBody = treatUnknownHeadersAsBody;
        }

        protected override void Decode(IChannelHandlerContext context,
            IByteBuffer input,
            List<object> output)
        {
            // first let us display the state in debug mode
            if (_logger.IsDebugEnabled)
                _logger.Debug("Decode(): State[{0}] ",
                    State);

            switch (State)
            {
                case DecoderState.READ_HEADER:
                    // Let us initialize the actual message to decode
                    SetActualMessage();

                    // Read the headers
                    ReadHeader(input);

                    // have read all headers - check whether we can read the message body or not
                    if (!CanReadBody()) CompleteDecoding(output);
                    break;

                case DecoderState.READ_BODY:
                    ReadBody(input,
                        output);
                    break;

                default: throw new DecoderException("Illegal state: [" + State + ']');
            }
        }

        private void SetActualMessage()
        {
            _actualMessage ??= new Message();
        }

        private bool CanReadBody()
        {
            if (!_actualMessage.HasContentLength()) return false;
            Checkpoint(DecoderState.READ_BODY);
            if (_logger.IsDebugEnabled) _logger.Debug("have content-length, decoding body ..");
            return true;
        }

        private void CompleteDecoding(ICollection<object> output)
        {
            // complete the decoding. Get ready for the next message
            Checkpoint(DecoderState.READ_HEADER);
            // send message upstream
            output.Add(_actualMessage);
            _actualMessage = null;
        }

        private void ReadBody(IByteBuffer buffer,
            ICollection<object> output)
        {
            var maxlength = _actualMessage.ContentLength();
            // Let us check whether we do not have another message on he line
            var currentReaderIndex = buffer.ReaderIndex;
            var writerIndex = buffer.WriterIndex;
            var len = maxlength + currentReaderIndex;

            if (len <= writerIndex)
            {
                // read the body bytes
                var bodyBytes = buffer.ReadBytes(maxlength);

                if (_logger.IsDebugEnabled)
                    _logger.Debug("read [{0}] body bytes",
                        bodyBytes.WriterIndex);

                // most bodies are line based, so split on LF
                while (bodyBytes.IsReadable())
                {
                    var bodyLine = ReadLine(bodyBytes,
                        maxlength);

                    if (_logger.IsDebugEnabled)
                        _logger.Debug("read body line [{0}]",
                            bodyLine);

                    _actualMessage.BodyLines.Add(bodyLine);
                }

                CompleteDecoding(output);
            }
            else
            {
                _logger.Debug("reading more bytes...");
                RequestReplay();
            }
        }

        private void ReadHeader(IByteBuffer buffer)
        {
            var reachedDoubleLf = false;
            while (!reachedDoubleLf)
            {
                var headerLine = ReadLine(buffer);

                if (_logger.IsDebugEnabled)
                    _logger.Debug("read header line [{0}]",
                        headerLine);

                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(headerLine))
                {
                    var headerParts = EslHeaderParser.SplitHeader(headerLine);

                    if (headerParts == null || headerParts.Length == 0) continue;

                    var headerName = headerParts[0];

                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(headerName))
                        if (_treatUnknownHeadersAsBody) _actualMessage.BodyLines.Add(headerLine);
                        else throw new DecoderException("Unhandled FreeSwitch message header[" + headerParts[0] + ']');
                    else
                    {
                        _actualMessage.Headers.Add(headerName.Trim(LineFeedChar),
                            Uri.UnescapeDataString(headerParts[1]).Trim(LineFeedChar));
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    reachedDoubleLf = true;
                }

                Checkpoint();
            }
        }

        private static string ReadLine(IByteBuffer buffer)
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            while (buffer.IsReadable())
            {
                var nextByte = buffer.ReadByte();
                if ((char) nextByte == LineFeedChar) return sb.ToString();
                sb.Append((char) nextByte);
            }

            return sb.ToString();
        }

        private static string ReadLine(IByteBuffer buffer,
            int maxLineLength)
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            while (buffer.IsReadable())
            {
                // this read should always succeed
                var nextByte = buffer.ReadByte();

                if ((char) nextByte == LineFeedChar) return sb.ToString();

                // Abort decoding if the decoded line is too large.
                if (sb.Length >= maxLineLength)
                    throw new TooLongFrameException("FreeSwitch message line is longer than " + maxLineLength +
                                                    " bytes.");
                sb.Append((char) nextByte);
            }

            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


will pick you up from your hotel in Cairo to attend the Sound and Light Show at Giza Pyramids of Cheops, Chefren and Mykerinus. The light and sound show starts with the story of the Sphinx who has been the vigilant guardian of the city of the dead for 5000 years. The show also depicts the story of building the pyramids and relates the history of great and famous figures of ancient Egypt such as Thutmosis IV, Akhnaten, Nefertiti and Tutankhamon. And then, transfer back to your hotel.
– Offering free tickets for any tourist group of at least 15 people and hosting the accompanying tour guide.
– The tourist whom birthday is on the same day, he / she'll be offered a free ticket and some sound and light products.


Selling eggs on the street, a young Liberian balances dozens of eggs on her head. Monrovia, Liberia.
Ahmadullah serves up sweet cow meat roasted in his charcoal-fired oven on Benson Street in Monrovia, Liberia.


The Latitudes - Jade Casual Contemporary Leather Chair and Ottoman Set by Flexsteel at Conlin's Furniture in the Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Wyoming area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.


The main goal of All Angel Care is to bring smiles to the faces of our patients and their families. Our home care services target a wide range of people – from children, to young adults, and to the elderly. We want to make a significant difference in your life by being there for your family during the times you need us most.
Our staff consists of personal care, meal preparation, medical reminders, transportation, light cleaning, respite care, errand service, and emergency calls assistants.


We are pleased to announce that the full list of panels and individual papers is now available here.
The conference will take place at Abden House, which is located a short walk from the main George Square campus of the University of Edinburgh. Click here for the location on Google Maps.
Please follow this link for conference registration.
We offer discounts for early registration and research students. Early registration ends 30th June 2019. Registration will close 1st August 2019.
Please note, the registration page will ask you to accept cookies. You must do so before progressing with registration.
Alexander Bukh is a Senior Lecturer in International Relations. Alexander was born in Moscow, grew up in Israel and spent over 20 years living in Asia (mainly Japan but also Thailand and Korea) before moving to New Zealand in 2012. Prior to his current appointment at Victoria University, he was an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tsukuba University, Japan. Alexander's work focuses on Japan's national identity and foreign policy. His first monograph examined the role of Russia in Japan's identity and foreign policy. Alexander's current research focuses on territorial disputes in Northeast Asia. This project seeks to explore the role of civil society groups engaged in territorial dispute related activism in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan in shaping their respective state's foreign policies.
Heonik Kwon is currently a Senior Research fellow at Trinity College in the University of Cambridge. Prior to his current appointment, Prof. Kwon taught at the London School of Economics and Edinburgh University. Prof. Kwon's scholarship is primarily based in his training as an anthropologist, but his work has far-reaching implications for such disciplines history, sociology and political science. His doctoral research investigated hunter-gatherer societies in northern Sakhalin, and his subsequent research has looked at how people deal with the war and memory in Vietnam and the Koreas. This work uses ethnographic techniques to look at the rituals that war's survivors use to deal with the aftermath of violence and loss. He has also done innovative work on the Cold War, subverting the grand ideological narrative that is familiar in the West and taking the perspective of the postcolonial nations, where local conditions led to a much different experience. He has also collaborated on work involving the role that art has played in sustaining the dynastic politics of North Korea. Prof. Kwon is a prolific writer with several prize-winning books to his credit, including After the Massacre: Commemoration and Consolation in Ha My and My Lai, for which he was awarded the 2008 Clifford Geertz prize, and Ghosts of War in Vietnam for which he received the 2009 George McT. Kahin Book Prize.
Jessica Batke is a Senior Editor at ChinaFile. She is an expert on China's domestic political and social affairs, and served as the State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research Analyst for nearly eight years prior to joining ChinaFile. In 2016, she was a Visiting Academic Fellow at MERICS in Berlin, where she published papers on Chinese leadership politics and created databases to catalogue hard-to-find, high-level Chinese policy documents and details about policy advisory groups.
In the evening of 5th September we will be screening the documentary film This Island is Ours, produced by Nils Clauss and our keynote speaker Alexander Bukh.
The screening will be followed by a Q&A with Alexander.
We will provide a workshop for PhD candidates on dealing with ethical issues in research design and in the field. The workshop will be led by Dr Mark McLeister (University of Edinburgh) and Dr Lauren Richardson (Australian National University).
This roundtable will bring together scholars working on projects on climate change in different parts of the region, as well as those working on environmental and sustainability issues, to think about how research on this region needs to adapt in the face of climate change. Should we be assessing the carbon footprint of the research we do? If so, how might this change our choices of what to study and how? Might such action contribute to addressing broader global inequalities in knowledge production? How does methodological nationalism obscure the relationships between action to address climate change in one region (e.g. Europe) and another (e.g. East Asia)? How are our research agendas shaped by, or in tension with, the competing national rhetorics and climate realities? How much is climate change-related research focused on problematising or stigmatising a climate issue as opposed to solving it? How do the structural conditions of research careers relating to research on this region—such as priorities in research funding, evaluation of research activities, schedules and location of conferences—contribute to obscuring such questions and possible solutions?


Two Indonesian dioceses have issued an appeal calling on Catholics to raise funds and show solidarity with thousands of victims of the deadly earthquake that struck the tourist island of Lombok in West Nusa Tenggara province.
The 7-magnitude quake, which also hit the neighboring island of Bali on Aug. 5, has killed at least 131 people and left more than 1,440 injured, according to the National Disaster Mitigation Agency.
The disaster also damaged thousands of buildings and forced thousands of people to flee their homes.
In a letter dated Aug. 7, Jakarta Archdiocese said "our brothers and sisters … are now suffering because of the quake" and "moved by an embodiment of God's love and a solidarity for humanity, we call for parishes to decide on their own upon how they collect charity funds for humanity, for the quake victims."
Father Samuel Pangestu, the archdiocese's vicar-general, said there are various things each parish can do for the cause.
"They can use the second collection of Sunday Mass or distribute empty envelopes to parishioners [to make donations]," he told ucanews.com.
"What we want to underline is their solidarity and compassion," he said. "We don't have a target on how much money they should collect and when the funds should be sent. We need to see the situation first."
Denpasar Diocese issued a similar appeal the same day.
Signed by three priests including Father Evensius Dewantoro, chairman of the diocese's Socio-Economic Development Commission, the appeal called for parish priests to encourage parishioners to provide aid for quake victims.
Speaking with ucanews.com, Father Dewantoro said distribution would be carried out in cooperation with church social action arm Caritas Indonesia.
"With the bishop's approval, we will use the money to buy necessities. An emergency response team will deliver material aid including mattresses, blankets, and food this Friday [Aug. 10]," he said.
Maria Suparni from St. Christophorus Parish in West Jakarta welcomed the appeal and promised to contribute.
"Even though it's not much, I want to show my solidarity with the quake victims. I want to help them sincerely. This is an embodiment of the Catholic faith: sharing love with others," she said.


This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design requirements for ground support equipment used in the civil air transport industry. It is intended to assist the airlines in standardizing requirements for various configurations of equipment. For procurement of equipment, sections of this document should be specified with due consideration of the functional and environmental requirements of the equipment, and to the relative cost of satisfying those requirements.


text:
"""
Print out the commit logs for a module on the repository. A range can be
specified with the 'releases' argument, a start or an end point can be
specified with the relevant flag, otherwise the entire history will be printed.
These 3 options are mutually exclusive. The verbose flag will add date, time,
commit message body and diff information to each log entry.
The raw flag will print the logs without colour.
"""

from __future__ import unicode_literals
import os
import sys
import shutil
import json
import time
import logging
from operator import itemgetter

from dls_ade.argument_parser import ArgParser
from dls_ade.dls_environment import environment
from dls_ade.dls_utilities import check_technical_area
from dls_ade import vcs_git, Server
from dls_ade import logconfig

usage = """
Default <area> is 'support'.
Print all the log messages for <module_name> in the <area> area of the
repository between releases <releases>, or from the revision number when
<earlier_release> was done, to 'HEAD', or from the first release until
<later_release>. These three arguments are mutually exclusive.
"""

def make_parser():
    """
    Takes ArgParse instance with default arguments and adds

    Positional Arguments:
        * module_name
        * releases

    Flags:
        * -e (earlier_release)
        * -l (later_release)
        * -v (verbose)
        * -r (raw)

    Returns:
        :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`: ArgParse instance
    """

    parser = ArgParser(usage)
    parser.add_module_name_arg()

    parser.add_argument(
        "releases", nargs='*', type=str, default=None,
        help="Releases range to print logs for")
    parser.add_argument(
        "-e", "--earlier_release", action="store", dest="earlier_release",
        type=str, help="Start point of log messages")
    parser.add_argument(
        "-l", "--later_release", action="store", dest="later_release",
        type=str, help="End point of log messages")
    parser.add_argument(
        "-v", "--verbose", action="store_true", dest="verbose",
        help="Adds date, time, message body and file diff information to logs")
    parser.add_argument(
        "-r", "--raw", action="store_true", dest="raw",
        help="Print raw text (not in colour)")

    return parser

def set_raw_argument(raw):
    """
    Set `raw` to True or False based on parsed arguments and environment.

    Args:
        raw(bool): Parser argument allowing user to decide to print without
        colour formatting

    Returns:
        True or False to print in raw or not
    """

    # Don't write coloured text if args.raw is True, or environment not
    # suitable
    if raw or \
            (not raw and (not sys.stdout.isatty() or
             os.getenv("TERM") is None or
             os.getenv("TERM") == "dumb")):
        return True
    else:
        return False

def check_parsed_args_compatible(releases, earlier, later, parser):
    """
    Check that `releases` range is specified in the correct way.

    Args:
        releases(list of str): A list of two releases; the start and end point
        earlier(str): The start point to print up until HEAD
        later(str): The end point to print up to from first release
        parser(:class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`): ArgParse instance to handle
            error

    Raises:
        :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser.error`: To specify both start and end
        point, use format\
        'ethercat 3-1 4-1', not -l and -e flags.
    """

    if (releases and earlier) or \
            (releases and later) or \
            (earlier and later):
        parser.error("To specify both start and end point, use format "
                     "'ethercat 3-1 4-1', not -l and -e flags.")

def check_releases_valid(releases, parser):
    """
    Check that two releases given and in correct order.

    Args:
        releases(list of str): Releases range requested by user
        parser(:class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`): ArgParse instance to handle
            error

    Raises:
        :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser.error`:
            * If one release given: To specify just start or just end point,
                use -e or -l flag.
            * If more than two releases given: Only two releases can be
                specified (start and end point)
            * If releases in wrong order: Input releases in correct order
                (<earlier_release> <later_release>)
    """

    if len(releases) == 1:
        parser.error("To specify just start or just end point, use -e or -l"
                     " flag.")
    if len(releases) > 2:
        parser.error("Only two releases can be specified (start and end"
                     " point)")
    elif len(releases) == 2:
        # If start and end points both provided then check that later comes
        # after earlier
        env = environment()
        test_list = env.sortReleases([releases[0], releases[1]])
        if releases[1] == test_list[0] and releases[1] != 'HEAD':
            parser.error("Input releases in correct order (<earlier> <later>)")

def set_log_range(module, releases, earlier, later, releases_list):
    """
    Set range to get logs for from parsed args or defaults if not given.

    Args:
        module(str): Module to get logs for
        releases(list of str): Releases range
        earlier(str): Specified start point
        later(str): Specified end point
        releases_list(list of str): List of releases from repository

    Raises:
        :class:`exception.ValueError`: Module <module> does not have a release
        <start>/<end>

    Returns:
        str, str: Start and end point to list releases for
    """

    if releases and len(releases) == 2:
        start = releases[0]
        end = releases[1]
    elif earlier:
        start = earlier
        end = 'HEAD'
    elif later:
        start = ""
        end = later
    else:
        start = ""
        end = 'HEAD'

    # Check that releases exist
    if start not in releases_list and start != "":
        raise ValueError("Module " + module + " does not have a release " +
                         start)
    if end not in releases_list and end != 'HEAD':
        raise ValueError("Module " + module + " does not have a release " +
                         end)

    return start, end

def get_log_messages(repo):
    """
    Create a `log_info` dictionary and add log messages, commit objects and
    max author length.

    Args:
        repo(:class:`~git.repo.base.Repo`): Git repository instance

    Returns:
        dict: A dictionary containing messages, commit objects and the longest
            author name

    """
    log_info = {'logs': [], 'commit_objects': {}, 'max_author_length': 0}

    for commit in repo.iter_commits():
        sha = commit.hexsha[:7]
        author = commit.author.name
        summary = commit.summary.replace('\n', ' ')
        time_stamp = commit.authored_date
        message = commit.message[len(summary):].replace('\n', ' ')

        formatted_time = convert_time_stamp(time_stamp)

        log_info['logs'].append([time_stamp, sha, author, summary,
                                 formatted_time, message])

        # Add to dictionary of commit objects for creating diff info later
        log_info['commit_objects'][sha] = commit

        # Find longest author name to pad all lines to the same length
        if len(author) > log_info['max_author_length']:
            log_info['max_author_length'] = len(author)

    return log_info

def get_tags_list(repo, start, end, last_release):
    """
    Get a list of tags from the repo and return the require range.

    Args:
        repo(:class:`~git.repo.base.Repo`): Git repository instance
        start(str): Start point of tags
        end(str): End point of tags
        last_release(str): Most recent release of module

    Returns:
        list[:class:`~git.refs.tag.TagReference`]: List of tags in required
            range
    """

    tags = []
    tag_refs = []
    for tag in repo.tags:
        tag_refs.append(tag)
        tags.append(tag.name)

    if end == 'HEAD':
        # If end is HEAD then just go up to most recent release with tags
        tags_range = tag_refs[tags.index(start):tags.index(last_release)+1]
    else:
        tags_range = tag_refs[tags.index(start):tags.index(end)+1]

    logging.debug(tags_range)

    return tags_range

def get_tag_messages(tags_range, log_info):
    """
    Add tag messages, commit objects and update the max author length in
    `log_info`.

    Args:
        tags_range(list[:class:`~git.refs.tag.TagReference`]): Range of tags to
            get information from
        log_info(dict): Dictionary containing log information from commits

    Raises:
        :class:`exception.ValueError`: Can't find tag info

    Returns:
        dict: A dictionary containing log info for tags
    """

    for tag in tags_range:
        # Find where info is stored (depends on whether annotated or
        # lightweight tag)
        if hasattr(tag.object, 'author'):
            tag_info = tag.object
        elif hasattr(tag.object.object, 'author'):
            tag_info = tag.object.object
        else:
            raise ValueError("Can't find tag info")

        sha = tag.object.hexsha[:7]
        author = tag_info.author.name
        time_stamp = tag_info.committed_date
        summary = tag_info.summary.replace('\n', ' ')
        # Summary is included in message, so just get extra part
        message = tag_info.message[len(summary):].replace('\n', ' ')
        summary += ' (RELEASE: ' + tag.name + ')'

        formatted_time = convert_time_stamp(time_stamp)

        log_info['logs'].append([time_stamp, sha, author, summary,
                                 formatted_time, message])

        # Add to dictionary of commit objects for creating diff info later
        log_info['commit_objects'][sha] = tag.commit

        # Find longest author name to pad all lines to the same length
        if len(author) > log_info['max_author_length']:
            log_info['max_author_length'] = len(author)

    return log_info

def convert_time_stamp(time_stamp):
    """
    Convert a unix time stamp into date and time.

    Args:
        time_stamp(int): Unix time stamp

    Returns:
        str: Date and time
    """

    if isinstance(time_stamp, int):
        ti = time.localtime(time_stamp)
        if len(ti) > 5:
            formatted_time = '{:0>2}'.format(ti[2]) + '/' +\
                             '{:0>2}'.format(ti[1]) + '/' + str(ti[0]) + ' ' +\
                             '{:0>2}'.format(ti[3]) + ':' +\
                             '{:0>2}'.format(ti[4]) + ':' +\
                             '{:0>2}'.format(ti[5])
        else:
            formatted_time = 'no time/date'
    else:
        formatted_time = 'no time/date'

    return formatted_time

def format_log_messages(log_info, raw, verbose):
    """
    Take a dictionary containing log information, convert commit_objects into
    diff info (if `verbose` is true) and format into a list of strings; one for
    each log entry.

    Args:
        log_info(dict): Dictionary containing log information from commits
        raw(bool): True or False for whether to format in raw or in colour
        verbose(bool): True or False to add extra information (time, date,
            message body and diff info)

    Returns:
        list[str]: A list log entries
    """

    blue = 34
    cyan = 36
    green = 32

    logs = log_info['logs']
    commit_objects = log_info['commit_objects']
    max_author_length = log_info['max_author_length']

    # Add formatting parameters
    screen_width = 100
    if verbose:
        # len("e38e73a 01/05/2015 17:20:46 " + ": ") = 30
        overflow_message_padding = max_author_length + 30
    else:
        # len("e38e73a " + ": ") = 10
        overflow_message_padding = max_author_length + 10

    max_line_length = screen_width - overflow_message_padding

    formatted_logs = []
    prev_sha = ''
    for log_entry in logs:

        if len(log_entry) > 1:
            commit_sha = log_entry[1][:7]
        else:
            commit_sha = 'no sha'

        if len(log_entry) > 2:
            name = '{:<{}}'.format(log_entry[2], max_author_length)
        else:
            name = 'no name'

        # Add commit subject summary
        if len(log_entry) > 3:
            commit_message = format_message_width(log_entry[3],
                                                  max_line_length)
            formatted_message = commit_message[0]
            for line in commit_message[1:]:
                formatted_message += \
                    '\n' +\
                    '{:<{}}'.format('...', overflow_message_padding) + line
        else:
            formatted_message = '\n'

        # If verbose add date, time, message body and diff info, then add to
        # logs
        if verbose:
            if len(log_entry) > 4:
                date_and_time = log_entry[4]
            else:
                date_and_time = 'no date/time'

            # Check if there is a commit body and append it
            if len(log_entry) > 5 and log_entry[5].strip():
                commit_body = format_message_width(log_entry[5].strip(),
                                                   max_line_length)
                for line in commit_body:
                    formatted_message += \
                        '\n' + \
                        '{:<{}}'.format('...', overflow_message_padding) + line

            # Get diff information for commit
            diff_info = ''
            if prev_sha:
                # Pass commit objects corresponding to current and previous
                # commit_sha to get_file_changes
                changed_files = get_file_changes(commit_objects[prev_sha],
                                                 commit_objects[commit_sha])
                if changed_files:
                    diff_info = "\n\nChanges:\n"
                    for file_change in changed_files:
                        diff_info += file_change
            prev_sha = commit_sha

            formatted_logs.append(colour(commit_sha, blue, raw) + ' ' +
                                  colour(date_and_time, cyan, raw) + ' ' +
                                  colour(name, green, raw) + ': ' +
                                  formatted_message + diff_info)
        # Otherwise, add to logs
        else:
            formatted_logs.append(colour(commit_sha, blue, raw) + ' ' +
                                  colour(name, green, raw) + ': ' +
                                  formatted_message)

    formatted_logs.reverse()

    return formatted_logs

def colour(word, col, raw):
    """
    Formats `word` in given colour `col` and returns it, unless raw is True.

    Args:
        word(str): Text to format
        col(int): Number corresponding to colour
        raw(bool): False if colour to be added, True otherwise

    Returns:
        Coloured text or unchanged text if raw is True

    """
    if raw:
        return word
    # >>> I have hard coded the char conversion of %27c = \x1b in, as I
    # couldn't find the .format equivalent of %c.
    return '\x1b[{col}m{word}\x1b[0m'.format(col=col, word=word)

def get_file_changes(commit, prev_commit):
    """
    Perform a diff between two commit objects and extract the changed
    files from it.

    Args:
        commit(:class:`~git.objects.commit.Commit`): Commit object for commit
            with file changes
        prev_commit(:class:`~git.objects.commit.Commit`): Commit object for
            commit to compare against

    Returns:
        list[str]: A list of the changed files between the two commits
    """

    changed_files = []
    for diff in commit.diff(prev_commit):
        # b_blob corresponds to commit and a_blob to prev_commit
        if diff.b_blob:
            if diff.new_file:
                changed_files.append('A     ' + diff.b_blob.path)

                if diff.renamed:
                    changed_files[-1] += ' (Renamed)\n'
                else:
                    changed_files[-1] += '\n'
            else:
                changed_files.append('M     ' + diff.b_blob.path + '\n')

        if diff.a_blob and diff.deleted_file:
            changed_files.append('D     ' + diff.a_blob.path)

            if diff.renamed:
                changed_files[-1] += ' (Renamed)\n'
            else:
                changed_files[-1] += '\n'

    return changed_files

def format_message_width(message, line_len):
    """
    Takes message and formats each line to be shorter than `line_len`, splits a
    line into multiple lines if it is too long.

    Args:
        message(str): Message to format
        line_len(int): Maximum line length to format to

    Returns:
        list[str]: Formatted message as list of message parts shorter than max
            line length
    """

    if not isinstance(message, list):
        message = [message]
    for i, part in enumerate(message):
        if len(message[i]) > line_len:
            # Insert second section to separate list entry
            if ' ' in message[i][line_len::-1]:
                # Find first ' ' before line_len cut-off
                line_end = line_len - message[i][line_len::-1].find(' ')
                # line_end+1 means the ' ' is not printed at the start of
                # the new line
                message.insert(i+1, message[i][line_end+1:])
            else:
                # Don't remove characters if there are no spaces (e.g. long
                # file paths)
                line_end = line_len
                message.insert(i+1, message[i][line_end:])
            # Cut off end of line in original entry
            message[i] = message[i][:line_end]

    return message

def _main():
    log = logging.getLogger(name="dls_ade")
    usermsg = logging.getLogger(name="usermessages")

    parser = make_parser()
    args = parser.parse_args()

    log.info(json.dumps({'CLI': sys.argv, 'options_args': vars(args)}))

    raw = set_raw_argument(args.raw)
    check_technical_area(args.area, args.module_name)
    check_parsed_args_compatible(args.releases, args.earlier_release,
                                 args.later_release, parser)
    check_releases_valid(args.releases, parser)

    server = Server()

    source = server.dev_module_path(args.module_name, args.area)

    if server.is_server_repo(source):
        vcs = server.temp_clone(source)
        releases = vcs_git.list_module_releases(vcs.repo)
        log.debug(releases)
    else:
        raise Exception("Module " + args.module_name +
                        " doesn't exist in " + source)

    # Set start and end releases and check they exist, set to defaults
    # if not given
    start, end = set_log_range(args.module_name, args.releases,
                               args.earlier_release, args.later_release,
                               releases)

    # Create log info from log messages
    # log_info is a dictionary in the form {logs(list), commit_objects(dict),
    # max_author_length(int)}
    log_info = get_log_messages(vcs.repo)

    if len(releases) > 0:

        if start == "":
            tag_start = releases[0]
        else:
            tag_start = start

        # Append tag info to log info from tag messages
        tags = get_tags_list(vcs.repo, tag_start, end, releases[-1])
        log_info = get_tag_messages(tags, log_info)

    # Check if there are any logs, exit if not
    if not log_info['logs']:
        usermsg.info("No logs for " + args.module_name + " between releases " +
              args.earlier_release + " and " + args.later_release)
        return 0

    # Sort tags and commits chronologically by the UNIX time stamp in index 0
    log_info['logs'] = sorted(log_info['logs'], key=itemgetter(0))

    # Make list of printable log entries
    formatted_logs = format_log_messages(log_info, raw, args.verbose)

    if end == 'HEAD':
        print_bool = True
    else:
        print_bool = False

    release_marker = "(RELEASE: {})"
    messages = []
    for log in formatted_logs:
        if log.endswith(release_marker.format(end)):
            print_bool = True
        if print_bool:
            messages.append(log)
        if log.endswith(release_marker.format(start)):
            break
    usermsg.info("\n".join(messages))

    shutil.rmtree(vcs.repo.working_tree_dir)

def main():
    # Catch unhandled exceptions and ensure they're logged
    try:
        logconfig.setup_logging(application='dls-logs-since-release.py')
        _main()
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception(e)
        logging.getLogger("usermessages").exception("ABORT: Unhandled exception (see trace below): {}".format(e))
        exit(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()


Lions Joe George (#47) and Mark Poe (#21) were both absent and Lion Eric Grant won the Tail Twisters pot on the second drawing.
This is the weekend for the Mid-South Lions Sight and Hearing Services Lions Leadership Weekend on Friday and Saturday, with tours both days on our facilities, for helping people with sight and hearing problems.
Next week end on April 24, the Arkansas Lions State Convention will be held in Little Rock at the Airport Holiday Inn. We will have four members attending. If at the last moment you decide to go, call Lion Brad.
Our program this week was brought by Caroline Cameron, Director of the Jonesboro Church Health Center. The Jonesboro Church Health Center was started in 1992 using the facilities of the old Holiday Inn building at Union and Matthews. It recently announced the grand opening of a new building at the corner of 500 Kitchen and East Washington Ave. The Jonesboro Church Health Center provides health care and other related services to individuals without insurance and who do not have the resources to pay for medical care. How can we help? We simply order some peaches. The box of fresh delicious Georgia peaches will be delivered to your doorstep around the last week in June or the first week of July. Please place you peach order by calling 870 972-4777. As in the past, the price is $100. This is the only fund raising project the center conducts.
Next week is our regular monthly business meeting. Lion Brad Baker has asked each member to e-mail (midsouthlions@msn.com) with any suggestions whereby we can make our car show better. We will have discussions of the 2010 Car Show.
Some items that will come up at the State Convention will be discussed.


Prizes, inflatables, plus much more.
Christchurch United FC offer players the opportunity to join us for an exciting football experience. We have experienced and qualified coaching staff that will challenge and improve the players technical, tactical and physical ability. We group the players based on age and ability to maximise the learning opportunities. We aim to create an environment in which every player is involved with maximum touches on the ball. In the morning session we look to introduce new skills and work on the technical ability of the players. After that we look into different game-based situations and play some modified games to build on what the mornings focus was. In the afternoon we get into the games and tournaments which gives the players the chance to put everything we looked into over the course of the day into practice. We will play a variety of 2v2,3v3,4v4,5v4 and 6v6 in order to give the players as many touches of the ball as possible. Overall we create a fun and safe learning environment for everyone that attends.


When asked to review The Ordinary Hero, I imagined an inspiring biography—a tale of bravery or of remarkable achievement by someone like you and me. I was mostly wrong. This is not a biography; it proclaims the meaning of the cross and resurrection for our lives. It's a tale of bravery, but not in the third person; it's about you and me. It calls on us all to "live the cross and resurrection" (p. 12). For Tim Chester, this is what an 'ordinary hero' does, and he challenges those who claim to be Christian to live out the implications of that claim. I found his book challenging and insightful in its application of the events of the cross to our lives.
The book has five sections, each examining an implication of the cross and resurrection. Chester's style is warm, engaging and easy to read. In the first section, he declares that the cross is the ultimate demonstration of God's love (Rom 5, 8)—a bastion of certainty in life's maelstrom of injustice and suffering. The cross leads us to approach God with the seemingly contradictory attitudes of humility and confidence. Chester notes helpfully that humility can't be achieved; rather, coming from a true view of ourselves, it is "self forgetfulness" (p. 35). He also emphasizes that the cross will change our attitudes to others. While this is certainly true, some conclusions here are simplistic—for example, "if you feel condemned by other people … it may be because you feel condemned by God" (p. 41).
Chester then expounds Jesus' call to 'take up our cross daily' (Luke 9:23). This is a call to die (p. 50). It may not mean martyrdom, but it will mean self-denial day by day. This is radical, given our western culture of materialism and self-fulfilment. It is also fresh air in the face of Christian 'prosperity' teaching. I found this section challenging and biblically well-based, but I would have been happier if the motivation to heed the call had been directed more at the heart and derived from the gospel; at times, it read (unintentionally) like a list of sacrificial exercises. In addition, I thought Chester placed too heavy a burden on his readers (particularly those with weak consciences) when he criticized various 'excuses' for not doing things (pp. 66-69).
In the third section, Chester examines the pattern of cross and resurrection. For Jesus, the cross must come first, but the resurrection and the victory of the new age follow. However, this pattern is not just for Jesus; it is for all creation. This world is now in the time of sin and judgement, but re-creation is coming. The resurrection is a promise: what happened to Christ will happen to the world (pp. 103-105). Chester sees the cross and resurrection as the "fulcrum of history—the point on which it turns" (p. 105). Furthermore, it is the pattern for the disciples: suffering followed by glory. In this life, we suffer, but we have a sure future hope. I found his exposition of the Calvary events eye-opening. Although I felt I understood the centrality of the cross, I had never thought about it in these terms—as the pattern, fulcrum and determiner of world history and the lives of God's people.
The fourth section examines the implications of the resurrection for our lives now. We have God's power, which raised Jesus from the dead (Eph 1:19-20). This is a challenging section that speaks strongly against the 'victory' mentality, which is taught in some churches today and which underlies many ministries. The power we have is the power to be weak—to endure suffering, to be humble. The Spirit leads us the same way he led Jesus: to service, suffering and love.
Lastly, Chester extols the beauties of heaven—creation remade; a world free of pain and death; a world of justice, joy and love. This section crystallizes the future that awaits us. It ends in a timely challenge: "Where is your treasure?" Chester asks the hard questions, and succeeded in putting me, for one, under intense scrutiny.
Chester finishes by revealing his "hero of the resurrection". I won't spoil the surprise, but his description of this life of faithfulness is quite moving. Chester's hero is not a crowd attractor, but lives the life of the cross and resurrection—the life of an 'ordinary' hero.
The Ordinary Hero yields rich returns for the reader's investment in time. It focuses our attention on God's great rescue in Jesus—the centrality of the cross and resurrection in the history of the world and in the lives we live. It provides us with strong grounds for realism and endurance in the present, underpinned by hope for the future. It calls upon us to follow our Saviour into death and life. In all this, Tim Chester succeeds in the crucial task of applying the cross and resurrection to our lives and challenging us to live them.


We deliver change for our clients - from old to new, or from nothing to something. We value the difference that change brings and search for the positive opportunities to bring that change to all that we do.
To be trustworthy, honest and experts.
So our customers know we are sincere and if we say we will do it, we not only have the technical know how to make it happen, but will deliver it.
We embrace the talents of our team, the ideas, skills and expertise we all bring to the table.
To have a profitable and sustainable business.
To create a secure environment for our staff, supply chain and clients.
To keep our business evolving.
In doing so, we want to do it differently. Redefine the traditional roles within contracting and embrace new ideas.
Unlike others, we're not chasing turnover. Instead, we want to be the kind of company that grows our profit. We want to invest more in our people – measure success by how much we give back, how much work/life balance we have and by how many more women we can bring into this industry.
The percentage of projects that achieve 21Complete. If we say we are going to do something, we make sure we do it. Achieving 21Complete acknowledges that we have met a client's project targets with exceptional quality delivered on time.
Women make up just 13% of the construction sector's workforce. We're working hard to redress this imbalance and recruit the brightest talents, regardless of their gender.
We care about the wellbeing of our staff, which is why we're increasing annual leave by one day per year until 2021.
Each year our staff give their time to support charitable causes, and by 2021 we're doubling the time we commit to these causes.
We are the young guns and the legends, together transforming the spaces within your buildings.
Whether you're a young gun or a legend, we want 21 to be a business that's full of the best talent our industry has to offer. Our salaries reflect the ambition of the people we welcome into our team.
Across the whole business, we invest in the continued development of our team. From style to standards, specialisms to safety; we offer a range of learning and development opportunities that enable you to champion your role.
Delivering great work requires a sharp mind and a well rested body. Our holiday entitlement goes above and beyond – with an extra day being added every year. Birthdays off too – but that's a given!
All of our jobs are physically demanding in different ways, so we are firm believers that it's important to look after each other beyond H&S compliance. That's why we offer opt-in private health insurance to all our colleagues.
We want to make a difference, which is why we dedicate 60 days per year where our team can give their time to charitable causes.
Free fruit is always available in the office – ensuring our team are energised and healthy… Or at least finding some balance!
Positions are open to join our growing footie squad. Not only a great way to have a laugh, but a fantastic way to get to know colleagues across the business.
Throughout the year, there are frequent opportunities to socialise with colleagues – from table tennis tournaments to a pizza night – we're always keen to find time to celebrate our successes together.