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RomanArmyTalk › Research Arena › Greek Military History & Archaeology
Phalanx warfare: Closing of the ranks
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Giannis K. Hoplite
This is misleading. Very short swords are in regular use at least since the late archaic times. Many examples survive from the late 6th century in Macedonia, and even in the BM there is one supposedly coming from Marathon. Of course this doesn't mean that it dated from the battle of Marathon, but it's scabbard typology at least point to a middle classical time.
The short swords from archeology can be as short as 30 cm.
Khairete
a.k.a.:Giannis Kadoglou
a.k.a.:Thorax
Paul Bardunias
Imaginifer
I did not say they were not used throughout the hoplite period, only that they are common on late 5th early 4th c art. I think that like the pilos, they came into fashion.
Dan Howard
09-17-2016, 09:22 PM (This post was last modified: 09-17-2016, 09:25 PM by Dan Howard.)
Quote: Thracian cavalry corselet is a Tube-and-Yoke one made from 3 mm thick leather, re-inforced with scales ( in this case all over, making it the most expensive kind). This is a well known armour principle c.f. 'face hardened steel' used on armoured vehicles. The 'hardened' material provides the initial resistance, backed up by the bulk of the defence, here the leather, just like on armoured vehicles with 'face hardened' steel armour.
This is metal armour. The leather simply provides a substrate to hold the plates together. This leather is so thin that you can stick a pencil through it with little effort. If you want to twist definitions this wildly then we may as well claim that the Roman segmentata is made of leather because of the strapping holding the plates together.
Author: Bronze Age Military Equipment, Pen & Sword Books
Paullus Scipio
09-17-2016, 11:59 PM (This post was last modified: 09-18-2016, 12:15 AM by Paullus Scipio.)
(09-17-2016, 09:22 PM)Dan Howard Wrote:
You may choose to call it 'metal' if you wish ( a 'twisted definition' if ever there was one), but the rest of the world calls it 'composite' in recognition of the fact that - just as I explained - it is a combination of the materials which make up the overall protective effect. It grieves me to have to say that the rest of your post is totally incorrect. Not only can you not stick a pencil through 3mm of leather, one cannot stick a pencil, nor stab a pencil dagger-like, through even 1 mm of leather, as I have just tested on an impromptu basis. ( Yes, I was foolish enough to allow the possibility of your assertion being correct ) All that happens is that the lead breaks. Your comment about 'segmentata' is simply an example of two illogical fallacies, to whit, 'reductio ad absurdum' ( pushing an argument to an absurd conclusion)
AND at the same time a 'false analogy'.
As to the effectiveness of 'thin' leather, 17C European cavalry generally wore 'buff' coats whose thickness varied from 1mm to a maximum of 5mm which was considered a perfectly adequate defence against swords, and no doubt 'spent' pistol bullets too - as I know you are well aware of from postings elsewhere. [It is possible, and even probable that Tube-and-Yoke corselets varied in thickness also. Certainly a 'double breasted' one did]
A 5 mm thick Tube-and-Yoke would therefore also be adequate, especially considering it was combined with a shield, giving what was effectively 'spaced armour' protection. Penetration of both was a rarity, but could happen, as the unfortunate Spartan Leonymus of the 'Ten Thousand' discovered when a large 3 ft arrow from a Carduchi longbow killed him after penetrating both. (Xen Anabasis IV.1.18 and IV.2 )
[Digression: Metal armour offered no better protection, the Arcadian Basias being killed after having been shot clean through the head, so one of these arrows penetrated both sides of his helmet ( the anecdote would be somewhat pointless if he was not wearing one), as well as both sides of the skull. Xenophon recounts these two anecdotes to emphasise the astonishing power, for the time, of Carduchi longbows]
"dulce et decorum est pro patria mori " - Horace, ODES
(It is a sweet and proper thing to die for ones country)
"No son-of-a-bitch ever won a war by dying for his country. He won it by making the other poor dumb bastard die for his country" -GeorgeC Scott as General George S. Patton
Paullus Scipio/Paul McDonnell-Staff
09-20-2016, 02:58 PM (This post was last modified: 09-20-2016, 04:53 PM by JaM.)
rolled coat was found to be a good protection against sword cuts... but it couldn't be compared to a Cuirassier breastplate...
sorry if oftopic, but how accurate would be this? book claims its based on sculpture from Volterra:
Jaroslav Jakubov
Felt doesn't need to be quilted. If the sculpture shows vertical quilting then textiles is more likely than felt
09-21-2016, 01:04 AM (This post was last modified: 09-22-2016, 05:32 AM by Paullus Scipio.)
JaM wrote:
"sorry if oftopic, but how accurate would be this? book claims its based on sculpture from Volterra:"
This is hardly the place for this sort of query.....
The illustration is from AW magazine, Vol 1.4 Dec/Jan 2008 and purports to show a Roman 'Hastati' or 'Principe' from Cato's army in Spain, 195 BC. Even though there are no iconographical representations of Roman legionaries of this time ( the nearest being the Aemilius Paullus frieze of 167 BC aprox, or the late 1 C BC frieze which may be from the altar of 'Domitius') this imaginative depiction of D'Amato can be seen to be inaccurate. I have been to the Voltera museum a.k.a Guarnacci Etruscan musem, and it has a number of friezes from Etruscan sarcophagi, and the description is too vague to pinpoint which one is being referred to here. As far as is known, Romans ( nor Etruscans) did not wear a sub-armalis of any kind at this time or later in the Republican era. The 'sub-armalis' is most likely a mis-interpretation of creases in a tunic. The anatomical cuirass is typical of the second half of the fourth century, and as it says, comes from South Italy and there is no evidence that it was in use in the Roman army so far as I am aware. There is no evidence for this type of triple feather crest ( described by Polybius), and the evidence we have shows one central feather or horsecrest holder, and two side ones (See attached - definitely Roman! ) The Montefortino helmet was adapted from the Celts and widely worn in Etruscan north and Roman central Italy.
The whole 'reconstruction' is just a mish-mash of Etruscan and South Italian gear, with some fictional touches such as the crest, the product of D'Amato's imaginative interpretations ( for which he is notorious) and most likely inaccurate.......
Rom ENTELLAHELMET Graham Sumner interpretation.jpg (Size: 4.3 KB / Downloads: 120)
I was mostly interested in the padding under the pectorales, which seems kinda a good idea to have, when strapping a metal square to the chest.. seems to me it would be quite unpleasant to wear (and run with it, throw javelins etc..) if it was just worn over a tunic.
I know typically Etruscan or South Italian frescoes show men mostly with tunics, but similarly to Greeks, they could be just portraying "idealized" picture, in a best possible way, while actual battle use might have been less colorful, similarly to Greeks notion to portray men naked.
Btw, is there any info available about typical march speed of Hoplites/Phalangites? Read somewhere Romans used standard march of 100 paces/min and quick march of 120 paces/minute, but i guess Romans would be a bit faster due to more open formation than what Greeks used?
Speeds for Roman marches are often based on Vegetius' description of conditioning marches:
"Recruits were to be hardened so as to be able to march twenty miles in half a summer's day at ordinary step and twenty-four miles at quick step. It was the ancient regulation that practice marches of this distance must be made three times a month."(DRM, Book 1)
It sounds fast but its not. I'll do the conversions for the faster of the marches to put it in perspective.
The 24 Roman miles converts into 22 modern statute mile. Since the summer days are longer than any other and that in ancient Rome daylight hours were divided equally into twelve hours, it means that it wasn't six hours as many would assume. Based on the latitude of the northern Mediterranean half a summer's day means eight hours (sixteen hours of total sunlight). 22 miles divided by eight hours equals 2.75 miles per hour. Which isn't very fast.
The slower of the two march speeds described by Vegetius, 20 Roman miles in eight hours, that converts into 18.5 statute miles in eight hours, which equals 2.3 mph. Even slower.
Of course the time limits were the slowest they were allowed to complete the marches, so they likely finished under the time limit. Take into account unlevel ground. Additionally, since nobody actually marches eight hours without a break they'd probably have marched a bit faster in order to make up the time for rest stops.
Good informative post , Bryan . Many people working out "average" march speeds neglect to allow for 'rest' stops, meal stops, time taken to move a large army out of campetc, or the inevitable delays to a large body of men, such as passing a defile, or crossing a stream and so on, which generally mean the actual pace is more like 4 mph, in order to obtain those 'average' speeds. Greeks and Romans both used similar 'open' formations on the march. Hoplites often had a 'batman' to carry heavy gear such as their shields, and they could keep up a pretty hot pace by a 'forced march' when needed. The Spartans covered the 240 km/150 mile distance to Athens in just 3 days, but even so were too late for the battle of Marathon for example.[Herodotus] For phalangites we have a number of examples, such as the march prior to the battle of Pisidia 320 BC. Antigonos Monophthalmos marched to this battle against Alketas with an army of about 47,000 for seven consecutive days, at around 40 miles a day.
Diodorus [XVIII.44-46]says ;
"Making a forced march that strained the endurance of his men to the utmost, he traversed 2,500 stades(285 miles, 457 km ) in seven days and the same number of nights, reaching Cretopolis as it is called."
For Romans there are also plenty of examples, such as Nero's forced march to the Metaurus to help defeat Hasdrubal in the second Punic War.Livy, 27.43-49: C. Claudius Nero marches some 250 miles in seven days to reinforce M. Livius Salinator at Metaurus. This averages at 35,7 miles a day. Livy mentions that "there was no loitering, no straggling, no halt except while taking food; they marched day and night; they gave to rest hardly enough time for the needs of their bodies."
Depending on the size of the army, the terrain, weather, whether a baggage train was present etc, a rough guide to a 'normal' marching rate would be 12-24 miles per day.
There are a number of threads on this subject here on RAT if you search......
@JaM
Whether something is "a good idea" or not is often the basis for speculation about aspects of ancient warfare, but this is just bad methodology, without evidence ( and AFIK there is none for a 'sub-armalis' at this time). Have you considered that since a Greek or Roman soldier spent most of his time doing laborious work such as marching or digging, and that he might be in battle maybe once in a campaign, that wearing a thick, heavy jerkin in the heat of a Mediterranean summer campaigning season might be a very bad idea?
Renatus
09-22-2016, 09:44 PM (This post was last modified: 09-22-2016, 09:49 PM by Renatus.)
(09-22-2016, 02:41 PM)Bryan Wrote: Speeds for Roman marches are often based on Vegetius' description of conditioning marches:
This is not correct. Vegetius specifically states that recruits should be trained to march these distances in five hours in the summer. Taking there to be 16 hours of daylight by modern reckoning, this means that a Roman summer hour amounted to 80 minutes and that the recruits covered the distances in 400 minutes or 6 hours 40 minutes. This works out at 2.8 statute miles per hour at the military pace and 3.3 at the full pace. However, the Romans over-trained, so that campaigning conditions would appear easy by comparison. Accordingly, these distances should be seen as maxima and not necessarily those that would normally be expected to be covered on campaign.
Michael King Macdona
And do as adversaries do in law, -
Strive mightily, but eat and drink as friends.
(The Taming of the Shrew: Act 1, Scene 2)
Renatus wrote:
"This works out at 2.8 statute miles per hour at the military pace and 3.3 at the full pace. However, the Romans over-trained, so that campaigning conditions would appear easy by comparison. Accordingly, these distances should be seen as maxima and not necessarily those that would normally be expected to be covered on campaign."
Again, this average does not take into account rest stops, probably taken hourly, so that the actual pace would be rather higher. That these speeds are 'maxima' is indicated by Vegetius' next words:
"If they exceed this pace, they no longer march, but run, and no certain rate can be assigned."
i.e. the quick 'full step' is maximum walking speed. The average human walking speed is about 3.1 mph. Some people are capable of exceeding 5 mph while still maintaining a walking gait, but the natural tendency is to begin running at much beyond 4 mph.
(09-22-2016, 10:35 PM)Paullus Scipio Wrote: Again, this average does not take into account rest stops, probably taken hourly, so that the actual pace would be rather higher.
I don't dissent from that. Taking the actual marching speed at the military pace to be 3 mph, 18.5 miles could be covered in 6 hours 10 minutes, allowing a total rest period of 30 mins. over the period of the march - not too bad for training purposes. Allowing the same rest period for a march at the full pace gives a marching speed of 3.6 mph. Alternatively, the training marches could have been undertaken without breaks or with very short ones, making campaigning with more generous breaks seem easier by comparison.
I wish that my father were still alive, so that I could ask him about the route march he undertook during the War, carrying a Bren gun all the way, after which he consumed 24 cups of tea without a break in between. This perhaps indicates that there were no refreshment stops during march.
Quote: Whether something is "a good idea" or not is often the basis for speculation about aspects of ancient warfare, but this is just bad methodology, without evidence ( and AFIK there is none for a 'sub-armalis' at this time). Have you considered that since a Greek or Roman soldier spent most of his time doing laborious work such as marching or digging, and that he might be in battle maybe once in a campaign, that wearing a thick, heavy jerkin in the heat of a Mediterranean summer campaigning season might be a very bad idea?
there are mentions of Felt treated with winegar being used as body protection, so its hardly something impossible for Romans or Greeks to use.. plus, it didnt had to be in a shape of a complete tunic, just simple sleeveless "shirt" would most likely suffice. And then needs to be said that no matter the weather body protection was been used anyway, medieval infantry wore a lot more than Ancient one under same or even worse (Holy Land) conditions...
but back to the topic, originally i was more interested in actual battle speeds, at which Greeks would adopt their formation, move towards enemy and charge. Would be interesting to know if Macedonic Phalanx was faster or slower in actual battles (i would assume faster), and how it would compare to Roman Maniples in much looser formation.
Anatol Wyss
Gregalis
Thanks a million for all of your sincere, detailed and exhaustive answears (and sorry for such a late reply!)! You sharing the knowledge is both inspiring and endearing!
[split] Phalanx warfare: use of the spear JaM 247 63,652 12-03-2016, 02:39 PM
Last Post: Bryan


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Changing world of TV and video (Spring 2016)
In its Spring 2016 issue, Consumer Action News examines your viewing options
Download: Changing world of TV and video (Spring 2016) (spring_2016_streaming.pdf)
Ever-expanding options for viewing pleasure
Sampling the costs of your viewing options
Streaming privacy along with your video?
How to stream video
Coalition for video choice
Web Bonus: New ways to watch collide with traditional pipelines
About Consumer Action
By Ruth Susswein
How we watch, receive and pay for television programs has advanced in ways that few would have predicted. The options are a bit mind-boggling. This issue of Consumer Action News is meant to help you better understand the rapidly changing TV and video landscape and how to make the most of your viewing choices.
We've gone from the 1970s, watching one of three free national broadcast networks on our stationary TVs, to paying for cable or satellite TV services for access to a wide range of specialty programs and networks (ESPN, HBO, the Food Network, MTV, etc.), whether we watch them all or not.
Cable companies don't stop at TV, now they sell Internet access and telephone service for a monthly package price that often tops $200.
More recently, viewers have turned to online video streaming services like Netflix, Amazon (Prime) Video and Hulu to watch TV programs and movies of their choosing, whenever they want to, on a variety of devices.
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Streaming video refers to watching content sent via the Internet to your receiver (personal computer, mobile device, streaming media player, "streaming stick," game console or smart TV). You can watch videos when you feel like it ("on demand"), and your viewing options aren't limited to what's being broadcast on set days at set times.
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High-speed broadband Internet connection
Paid video streaming subscription (Netflix, Amazon Video, Hulu Plus, etc.) or a free video service (YouTube, Hulu, etc.)
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Streaming media player, which could be a streaming media set-top box (Roku, Apple TV, Amazon Fire, etc.) or a streaming media stick (Chromecast, Fire TV, Roku, etc.) or a game console (Xbox, PlayStation, Wii, etc.)
For more on streaming methods, see How to stream video.
Streaming services typically charge a monthly subscription fee to access movies, original series (such as Netflix's "Orange Is the New Black" and "House of Cards"), current and classic TV programs and more. (Amazon's Prime fee is annual, or you can rent or buy programs individually. Some, like Crackle, are free but you must endure commercials.)
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For avid sports fans, pay-TV remains the only source for certain high-profile sporting events and is a primary reason why many viewers haven't cut the pay-TV cord.
Cheaper than cable but pricier than streaming services, consumers can replace pay-TV with services like Sling TV or PlayStation Vue, which connect viewers to many traditional TV channels and movies for far less money. But if the goal is to save money, viewers should be careful not to add too many extras, such as a sports package or HBO, to their monthly bill, or any savings will soon disappear. (See next story for a comparison of typical monthly subscriber fees.)
By Alegra Howard
The average cable TV bill hit a record $99.10 in 2015 (a 39 percent increase from 2010), causing many consumers to opt out of pay-TV.
"Cutting the cord" is easier to do these days thanks to streaming devices and smart TVs, high-speed Internet, and companies like Netflix and Hulu that have revolutionized the way consumers watch television and movies.
But will shutting down your cable service and switching to streaming actually save you money? That depends on your video viewing preferences.
Cable costs
A quick survey of Comcast, Time Warner and Verizon Fios found that a basic cable subscription costs between $10 per month (Time Warner Starter TV) and $54.99 per month (Verizon Fios Custom TV) for a limited-channels package. Prices vary based on your region and length of contract.
Don't forget the monthly cable box rental fee. The box descrambles television signals so paying customers can watch, but freeloaders are shut out. Box rental fees run between $3.99 a month (Comcast) and $24.75 a month for a high definition digital video recorder (DVR) box (Time Warner). Taxes, fees and local surcharges can tack on as much as 20 percent more to your monthly bill, causing sticker shock and a discrepancy from the deal you originally signed up for.
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DIRECTV, now owned by AT&T, recently announced that it plans to offer viewers new video streaming packages, which will not require a satellite or cable connection, later this year. No pricing information was available at the time of this writing.
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Streaming costs
If you're interested in ditching cable for some streaming video subscription services like Netflix, Hulu and Amazon (Prime) Video, you'll need a high-speed Internet connection and, if you don't want to watch directly on your computer, smartphone or tablet, either a smart TV or a streaming media player/game console that you connect to your regular television to access streamed content. And, you'll pay a monthly subscription fee. Here's a breakdown of costs:
Internet fees. Time Warner offered the cheapest Internet-only subscription we found, at $14.99 per month for a slow Internet speed of 3 Mbps (megabytes per second). For optimal streaming of movies and other video content, you'll want a faster speed (50 Mbps), at $34.99 a month (for 12 months). Now add a $15.95 monthly rental fee for the wireless modem. Total: You would spend either $30.94 per month for the slower option or $50.94 per month for the faster one, plus taxes, plus a one-time $39.99 Internet set-up fee.
The priciest low-end option was Verizon Fios, with 50 Mbps Internet speed for $59.99 a month ($49.99/mo. with a two-year contract), plus a $10 per month modem rental fee. Total: $69.99 per month, plus taxes, plus a hefty Internet set-up charge of up to $150.
Streaming media players. If you don't own an Internet-enabled ("smart") TV, you'll need to purchase a streaming media player. These systems cost anywhere from $35 for a Google Chromecast or Amazon Fire TV Stick up to $400 for a PlayStation 4 game console and media player. Other popular media players include Apple TV ($69 to $180) and Roku Streaming Players ($50 to $130). If you're not sure which to choose, be sure the programming you'll want to watch from a streaming content provider is compatible with the media player you purchase. For example, Google Chromecast will stream Google Play apps and Pandora, but won't stream Amazon Video, Sling TV or iTunes.
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You can add CBS shows to your Hulu subscription for an extra $5.99 per month. The downside: Even if you're only going to watch a few shows from each provider, you must pay the monthly subscription fee.
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One downside for Sling has been playback problems. During last year's NCAA Final Four tournament, Sling TV's service failed many customers, leading the company to issue an apology. Another downside of Sling TV: Digital video recorder capabilities may be limited to functions such as "pause" and "rewind" while streaming live television.
Sports lovers who have cut out pay-TV still have a few streaming subscription options for viewing live or archived games. Baseball fans can stream regular season games live or on demand with a $3 monthly ($20 annual) At Bat Premium subscription. NHL TV has a $49.99 per year plan for hockey fans to stream live, out-of-market regular season games. Basketball fans can stream some games as soon as three hours after they've aired with an NBA League Pass subscription ($99.99 per year). In addition to hefty price tags, blackouts are a downside to these services. Local games are generally exclusive to regional sports networks, so you'll likely need pay-TV to watch them live.
If it's premium-TV programming you're after, an HBO Now subscription streams HBO movies and series on your phone, tablet or smart TV for $14.99 a month. Showtime is available with an Amazon Prime or Hulu subscription for an extra $7.99 a month. Otherwise, stream Showtime's series and movies by downloading the Showtime app and paying the $10.99 a month subscription fee.
Savings?
What does it all mean in terms of savings? Let's compare some examples:
1. Stream without cable (no contracts, cancel anytime). Equipment: An Apple TV set-top box (purchase for about $69)
Internet access: Time Warner (50 Mbps for $34.99/month) and modem rental ($15.95): $50.94
Streaming network TV channels: Hulu subscription with limited commercials ($7.99) and additional CBS package ($5.99): $13.98
Streaming cable TV channels: Sling TV subscription ($20) with extra sports package ($5): $25
HBO Now subscription: $14.99
Monthly total: $104.91
2. Sample monthly "promo" cost for limited cable/Internet packages.
Note: Introductory deals from cable providers typically lock you into a one- or two-year contract. Any streaming services (like Netflix) that you buy are extra.
A. Time Warner offer of limited basic TV channels, Showtime and HBO, with 50 Mbps Internet: $44.99 a month in year one/$64.99 year two
Equipment: Rent wireless modem if you do not own one ($15.95 per month) and a cable box ($11.75 per month)
Monthly total A: Excluding taxes, $72.69 in year one, $92.69 in year two
B. Comcast Xfinity offer of limited basic TV, HBO and 25 Mbps Internet: $44.99 a month in year one/$64.99 year two
Equipment: Rent wireless modem if you do not own one ($10 per month) and a cable box ($10 per month)
Monthly total B: Excluding taxes, $64.99 in year one, $84.99 in year two
There are a lot of options available to consumers looking for pay-TV alternatives. Here are some of the things to consider:
How important is watching live sporting events to you? If you're a March Madness fanatic and intend to host this year's NCAA Championship party, you're not ready to cut the cord.
Do multiple people in your home stream video at the same time? More devices streaming video at the same time requires faster Internet speeds, meaning pricier monthly Internet costs.
Your options are abundant, and costs can climb quickly depending on how many services you subscribe to. But with pay-TV costs projected to rise another three to four percent this year, it's worth investigating your alternatives.
By Linda Sherry
As people "stream" and view digital videos virtually anyplace, on devices that are at the ready 24 hours a day, the privacy of our viewing habits is bound to come into question.
Since a lot of video streaming is done via browsers, it must be assumed that online advertisers are tracking our viewing histories. Cross-device tracking is commonly used by advertisers to link information about your online behavior across multiple Internet-connected devices, such as smartphones, tablets and smart TVs.
All this raises questions about the rights of Internet users to control what is done with their personal information. Unfortunately, at this time the answers are not so simple and our rights are not particularly robust.
The Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA) was passed in 1988, after the press gained access to the video rental history of U.S. Supreme Court nominee Robert Bork. The VPPA prohibits "video tape" service providers from knowingly disclosing users' personally identifiable information (PII) to third parties.
The VPPA is a strong law that creates an individual right to sue (called a private right of action) and allows a court to award damages of $2,500 or more per violation (plus attorney fees).
But streaming video companies have brought court cases saying the law doesn't apply to them.
In 2011, TV show streaming service Hulu was hit with a class action lawsuit claiming it had violated the VPPA by sharing user information with Facebook. In the Re Hulu Privacy Litigation case, plaintiffs charged that Hulu disclosed user identities and other personal information protected by the VPPA via Hulu's Facebook "Like" buttons. Last year, a district court found there was not enough evidence to judge whether Hulu had "knowingly" disclosed to Facebook the videos that Hulu users had watched. Both parties agreed to drop the suit.
However, earlier in the case, U.S. Magistrate Judge Laurel Beeler concluded that a term used in the VPPA ("similar audio visual materials") was a "broad phrase designed to include new technologies for pre-recorded video content." Judge Beeler's 2012 decision marked the first time a court opined that the VPPA covers streaming video technology. Whether this set a precedent is not clear, and privacy advocates have called on Congress to amend the law's protections to ensure it applies to all companies that provide streaming video services.
Social sharing buttons on streaming sites are a result of an amendment to the VPPA that went into effect in 2013. Streaming company Netflix lobbied Congress to change the law so that viewers could share their online video viewing habits, which would have been prohibited under the VPPA. The amendment made it easier for businesses to obtain user consent and to share personally identifiable information about movies and other streaming content. (Those who decide to share such information with Facebook friends can adjust privacy settings in Facebook so that only certain people see their posts.)
Most mobile software ("apps") is free to download onto your smartphone or tablet. Apps can track you and send information to third parties for marketing and other purposes. There are no specific privacy laws that protect the information apps collect, and most require users to consent to data collection for the apps to work. In effect, consumers who use free (and even paid) mobile apps pay a hidden price of sharing information about themselves. While online users can employ do-not-track tools such as browser plug-ins Do Not Track Plus and Ghostery, and can adjust built-in browser privacy settings, apps stand alone and work outside browsers. (If users find blatant deceptiveness and unfairness in app functionality, they can submit complaints to the Federal Trade Commission.)
On another front, live streaming video apps such as Meerkat and Periscope raise new questions about the privacy of bystanders (people being filmed inadvertently), private conversations and copyrighted material. Live streaming apps enable mobile users to send video recordings from their device's camera and stream them online in real time. Videos (or photos) taken in a public setting usually are exempt from privacy obligations. But if they are used for commercial purposes, people whose images are displayed have a right to sue if they have not given their consent.
Both Meerkat and Periscope prohibit users from posting videos that would constitute copyright infringement. It's early days for the legal ramifications of live streaming video, but users should be aware that when they provide content, they are required to comply with commercial publicity and copyright laws that protect individuals' rights.
ISP privacy
The principle of an "open Internet" means consumers can browse where they want, when they want and on any device they want. This is often referred to as Net Neutrality. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) enshrined that right last year when it adopted its Open Internet rules.
Internet service providers (ISPs) also face new responsibilities for protecting the privacy of their customers' personal information. The FCC applied the customer privacy protections of the Communications Act to broadband Internet providers, however the details of exactly what will be considered private customer information have yet to be determined. The FCC says it will continue to enforce against the misuse or breach of customers' private information, as it has done with telecommunications carriers.
Rules regarding broadband privacy will be developed at the FCC during 2016, although no proposals have been floated nor dates set for rulemaking.
Under the federal Cable TV Privacy Act, cable TV operators are required to protect subscribers' personally identifiable information (PII), and must provide an annual written notice of:
What personally identifiable information is collected and how it's used
How frequently it's disclosed and for what purpose
How long the information is maintained
Where and when the subscriber may access the information
Cable operators are also prohibited from using the cable system to collect or disclose personal information without a subscriber's written (or electronic) consent and must take action to prevent unauthorized access to PII in subscriber accounts.
In a few states, including California, protections may also apply to the apps that cable companies provide to watch content on websites or mobile devices.
If a device connects to the Internet, it's vulnerable to data breaches by hackers. Recently, "smart" TVs—Internet-enabled television sets—became a focus of privacy concerns when security researchers were able to hack into a smart TV and turn on its built-in camera and microphones. Experts say that hackers could steal logins and passwords, and, in the worst-case scenario, spy on people in their homes.
According to an NBCNews.com article by Herb Weisbaum published in January, authorized security engineers were able to infect a smart TV with "ransomware," which locks the device until the owner pays to unlock it. (Fraudsters have used ransomware to extort money from computer owners who inadvertently download malicious software.)
Last year, ProPublica reported on electronics manufacturer Vizio's tracking policies. On Vizio's modems and smart TVs, tracking was enabled by default, and the company connected IP addresses (device identifiers) with viewing habits to allow advertisers to deliver ads to other devices on the same network (like a phone or tablet). Wirecutter found that Vizio was not the only manufacturer with such policies, and reported its findings late last year in an article titled Your Privacy, Your Devices, and You.
Knowing that smart TVs can be vulnerable, owners should make sure they install all updates to the TV software, download apps only from trusted sources and not input sensitive, personal or financial information using the TV's browser or apps. An expert interviewed by Weisbaum suggested people with home Internet service should establish a guest account on their Wi-Fi network and connect the TV to the guest account, which can prevent hackers from getting into computers and other electronics in the home. Search for "set up guest Wi-Fi access point" online or call your ISP for instructions.
Consumer Action has created a new fact sheet called Watch out! Online video and your privacy about issues consumers need to be aware of when streaming video content, creating and uploading video, live streaming, webcams and being present at public events that are being recorded.
We're also advocating for the strongest rules to protect ISP customers' privacy.
Look for more on these in our free monthly Consumer Action INSIDER newsletter. Not a subscriber? You can sign up here: bit.ly/get_insider.
By Monica Steinisch
Streaming—watching content in "real time," sent via the Internet—has become a realistic option for many more consumers, thanks to the growing availability of high-speed Internet, the development of streaming devices and the proliferation of video "content."
How and what you stream depends on your equipment (devices), your software and apps, your budget and personal preferences. If you're not streaming video yet but would like to start, the information here will help you sort out your options.
On a computer
Generally you will need a:
Fast Internet connection—called broadband
Relatively recent computer operating system (OS) (Windows, Android, Apple iOS)
Recent version of a Web browser (Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer or Chrome, for example). (You may also need additional software, called a "plug-in," such as Microsoft Silverlight, Adobe Flash Player or Apple QuickTime Player. If not preinstalled on your computer, a notice will pop up on your screen alerting you that it is available for free download.)
Video streaming service (Netflix, Amazon (Prime) Video, Hulu, etc.) websites typically provide detailed information about what you will need to stream and how to download and install any necessary software.
Once you're connected, streaming is as easy as choosing what you want to watch and clicking Play, though some content will require a subscription or purchase. If you have technical difficulties, look for a Help or Support link on the website you are streaming from or in the operating system or software you're using.
You can typically stream on Wi-Fi without a problem, but if your video is not playing or keeps stopping, try connecting the computer directly to the Internet modem or router with an Ethernet cable. Or, you can try to get closer to the Wi-Fi connection or boost the signal with a Wi-Fi range extender.
On a mobile device
Smartphones and tablets generally come ready to stream. There will be a lot of video you can watch on your mobile device without having to take any additional steps. If an app is required to watch a particular video and it's not already installed on the device, you can download it from the Apple App store, Google Play Store or an app developer (Netflix, for example). Often, however, an app isn't necessary, because you can just stream the video directly through the content provider's mobile website (similar to its regular website, but optimized for mobile devices' smaller screens).
How fast you can stream depends on your wireless connection: 4G mobile networks stream faster than 3G. Regardless of speed, streaming video can quickly drain your battery, so plan accordingly by limiting your play, carrying a portable battery charger or plugging in.
For smooth streaming over the long term, keep the operating system, browsers and apps updated as new versions become available.
Another benefit of mobile devices: You're not limited to just watching streamed video, you can stream your own video for others to watch using an app such as Periscope or Meerkat.
To a television
If you prefer to watch on a full-size screen, you've got some choices for streaming to your TV. Here's a recent comparison from Digital Trends.
HDMI connection: An HDMI cable allows you to connect almost any device to a TV that has an HDMI port. All digital TVs since the end of 2009 (and many before then) have at least one HDMI port. Adapters are available if the HDMI cable doesn't match up to the port(s). While functional, a long cable going from your device on the couch to the TV across the room is not the most streamlined.
TIP: Resist being steered toward an expensive HDMI cable; cheap ones usually work just as well.
Set-top box: The streaming media player box plugs directly into your TV's HDMI port and can operate on a wired or wireless high-speed Internet connection. Set-top boxes stream content to your TV directly from a streaming service. You don't pay a monthly fee for this box the way you do for a cable box—you purchase it outright.
Set-top boxes include Roku, Amazon Fire TV, Apple TV and Android TV (various makes). The box you choose will depend largely on the devices you're streaming from and the availability of apps and content you want to access.
For example, the Apple TV box works with Apple's AirPlay technology to enable you to link devices on a single wireless network and stream video from a piece of Apple equipment onto your television screen. You can also use Apple TV to display what's on your mobile device or laptop screen on the television.
Streaming stick: The Amazon Fire TV Stick, Roku Streaming Stick and Google's Chromecast are smaller, more economical alternatives to the set-top box. About the size of a large thumb drive, these streaming media players plug directly into your TV's HDMI port. Once plugged in, you choose the video you want to watch. The Roku and Amazon Fire sticks are operated with a remote control. With Chromecast, you have to use an app on your computer or mobile device.
Whether to go with a set-top box or a streaming stick depends on your budget and how serious you are about your technology (boxes are more powerful and, unlike the Chromecast stick, don't require a computer or mobile device to control them).
To compare streaming sticks, see stories at Lifehacker and The Street.
For a recent comparison of streaming media players, visit CNET.
Game console: If you're really into gaming and want a single device to play games and also view programming, consoles such as Xbox, PlayStation and Wii have video streaming capability. But if shows and movies are your top priority, go for a streaming media player, which will also give you some gaming.
Blu-ray player: Some Blu-ray players are Wi-Fi capable, meaning they have a built-in receiver to connect to your wireless router. Others are Wi-Fi ready, meaning that you need to purchase an inexpensive Wi-Fi adapter (a dongle) to connect it to the network. Once online, you should have the option to stream movies and shows from Netflix (with a subscription), videos on YouTube, music and maybe more.
While Blu-ray can be a good option if you still watch DVDs and your streaming needs are basic, it won't offer you as many content choices as a dedicated streaming media player (set-top box or stick).
Smart TV: A smart TV has Internet connectivity and Web 2.0 features built into it, so no streaming media player is needed. Different makes and models will have different interfaces (what you see onscreen when you are controlling the TV) and pre-installed apps (streaming services), so shop around to get the one you'll be happy with. Streaming after initial set-up is simple. But if you're not in the market for a new TV anyway, using a set-top box, stick or game console will make more sense until you're ready to invest.
For answers to some FAQs, see Smart TVs: Everything You Need to Know.
Regardless of which approach you take to streaming, you'll need to keep (and pay for) your cable or satellite box if you want to continue watching all the stations you currently get through your TV service provider.
Or, to get just free over-the-air HDTV broadcasts (local channels, PBS, etc.), you could attach an HD antenna to your TV (approximately $20). (See Tom's Guide.)
A recent proposal by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) could make it cheaper and easier to watch TV, and a coalition Consumer Action is part of was an important influence in the decision-making process.
The Consumer Video Choice Coalition believes that consumers should be able to access cable television programming directly through any third-party device or app they purchase, rather than being locked into equipment leased to them by cable companies.
Today, virtually all cable customers rent their cable boxes directly from the providers, at an average cost of about $232 per year, according to the FCC. Big cable companies make about $19.5 billion every year on these rental fees alone. The coalition joined forces with the realization that these companies would not release their grip on consumers without a major battle. In this case, consumer interests aligned with those of some important tech and electronics companies, such as TiVo, Vizio, SiliconDust, Hauppauge and Google. Coalition members INCOMPAS and CCIA are trade associations representing communications and technology companies. Consumer Action, Public Knowledge and the Open Technology Institute (at New America) bring the perspective of the rights of individual consumers.
Late last year, cable industry lobbyists were successful in killing the future prospects of the one device that offered consumers competitive access to cable, the CableCARD.
At the end of the '90s, Congress mandated that cable companies allow viewers access to digital cable networks through third-party devices, leading to the eventual birth of the CableCARD. (Oddly, satellite TV providers were left out of the CableCARD requirement.) Unfortunately, the card solution was clunky and required customers to obtain the card directly from cable providers, which charged monthly fees to use it.
Despite last-minute efforts by Senators Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) and Ed Markey (D-MA) to keep CableCARD alive, requirements to maintain access were allowed to sunset last year. A working group was appointed by the FCC to recommend a replacement technology that would give consumers new options to buy their own set-top boxes to access not only their cable provider's content, but also that of video streaming services such as Netflix, Hulu and Amazon Video. (This is called "over the top," or OTT, programming.)
The coalition stepped into this void, championing the working group's "competitive navigation device proposal," which, to no one's surprise, the cable industry opposed, preferring a "walled garden" system. The Video Choice coalition prefers a proposal that would enable users to search for cable, satellite and Internet programming from a single user menu, and would feature open source technology for third parties to manufacture the new devices.
In late January, coalition members were elated when FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler announced a proposal that would force pay-TV companies to make cable programming available to makers of third-party hardware or software—without a physical device such as the CableCARD. This would allow consumers to watch the TV channels they pay for on other devices without having to rent a cable box from the cable company.
FCC Chairman Wheeler has likened the hold cable companies have on viewers to the old days when consumers had to pay monthly telephone rental fees to the "Ma Bell" phone monopoly company, AT&T.
The FCC is now accepting public comments on its proposal to "unlock the box." If implemented, the cable and satellite industry would have two years to open access up to competition. The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) is titled "Expanding Consumers' Video Navigation Choices; Commercial Availability of Navigation Devices." To read a summary of the proposal, click here.
Consumer Action also urges consumers to write to your elected officials in Congress to let them know you favor the FCC plan. Click here to send a message to Congress.
By Lauren Hall
Have you "cut the cord" to end your relationship with cable? Do you find that streaming Internet video (via Hulu, Netflix, HBO Go, etc.) offers you loads of stuff to watch at a much lower monthly cost? Then you are part of the avant-garde of TV viewers.
There are many reasons to love streaming video services. For example, you can "binge-watch" original programming like Netflix's "House of Cards," reruns of broadcast shows, and new, classic and foreign films when and where you want, on practically any Internet-enabled device.
Another plus is that the software-based provision of streaming video content allows for more friendly user interfaces. To watch more than one episode in a series on streaming, the transition to the next program is often seamless. Meanwhile, most of pay-TV's "on demand" interfaces require viewers to navigate back to the entry and choose the next episode.
But many more people continue to pay for a cable or satellite subscription. Perhaps they don't have robust Internet to support streaming, love pay-TV's "on demand" features and broadcast programs, or want to watch their favorite sporting events in real time.
Pay-TV customers are a captive audience, and many of them balk at the monthly fees for equipment (receivers, DVRs, etc.) and closed systems they are forced to use. In the late '90s, Congress mandated that pay-TV companies devise a way that subscribers could purchase their own equipment to bring cable into their homes. The companies responded by offering a plug-in solution called a cableCARD, but it didn't take off and most electronics manufacturers (except TiVo) were loath to build the ports into free-market set-top boxes. At the end of 2015, the requirement for cable to offer such access in third-party equipment was allowed to sunset.
Since cableCARDs were hard to get, difficult to make work and triggered a monthly fee on cable bills, the demise of the cableCARD requirement was largely unnoticed outside of the world of electronics manufacturers and consumer advocates. However, it's likely that cable companies will continue to make and provide cableCARDs for existing equipment until a "cardless" Internet-based solution is developed.
To fill the void left now that cableCARD-ready equipment is no longer mandated, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recently released a proposal that would give makers of third-party set-top boxes the right to funnel pay-TV subscriptions digitally through their devices. Pay-TV providers dislike the idea, and have predicted a host of negative consequences, such as loss of subscriber privacy, higher prices and the facilitation of copyright piracy.
FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler proposed to require all cable and satellite companies to allow third-party makers of TVs, DVRs and other set-top boxes to allow subscribers to watch pay-TV content via those devices. Wheeler has said his proposal will "tear down anti-competitive barriers and pave the way for software, devices and other innovative solutions to compete with the set-top boxes that a majority of consumers must lease today." Predictably, the cable industry is preparing to fight the proposal to "unlock" the lucrative cable box.
"Giving up control [of the rental cable box] might be in the best long-term interest of the cable and programming industries," said consumer advocate John Bergmayer of Public Knowledge. "The wireless industry ended up growing, not shrinking, after it gave up micromanaging what features could be on mobile phones."
One ongoing criticism of pay-TV is that it is sold in "bundles" of many channels, the vast majority of which consumers pay for but don't watch. Consumer Action has long advocated for "skinny bundles" that allow pay-TV subscribers to get just the channels they want for a lower price. The cable and satellite TV industry has pushed back at this idea by saying that without the cross subsidization of popular and unpopular programming, popular channels would be extremely costly to watch.
Change is occurring rapidly. Perhaps for now, the best move for consumers is to watch how technology and market competition evolve in the months ahead.
Consumer Action is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that has championed the rights of underrepresented consumers nationwide since 1971. Throughout its history, the organization has dedicated its resources to promoting financial and consumer literacy and advocating for consumer rights in both the media and before lawmakers to promote economic justice for all. With the resources and infrastructure to reach millions of consumers, Consumer Action is one of the most recognized, effective and trusted consumer organizations in the nation.
Consumer education. To empower consumers to assert their rights in the marketplace, Consumer Action provides a range of educational resources. The organization's extensive library of free publications offers in-depth information on many topics related to personal money management, housing, insurance and privacy, while its hotline provides non-legal advice and referrals. At Consumer-Action.org, visitors have instant access to important consumer news, downloadable materials, an online "help desk," the Take Action advocacy database and nine topic-specific subsites. Consumer Action also publishes unbiased surveys of financial and consumer services that expose excessive prices and anti-consumer practices to help consumers make informed buying choices and elicit change from big business.
Community outreach. With a special focus on serving low- and moderate-income and limited-English-speaking consumers, Consumer Action maintains strong ties to a national network of nearly 7,000 community-based organizations. Outreach services include training and free mailings of financial and consumer education materials in many languages, including English, Spanish, Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese. Consumer Action's network is the largest and most diverse of its kind.
Advocacy. Consumer Action is deeply committed to ensuring that underrepresented consumers are represented in the national media and in front of lawmakers. The organization promotes pro-consumer policy, regulation and legislation by taking positions on dozens of bills at the state and national levels and submitting comments and testimony on a host of consumer protection issues. Additionally, its diverse staff provides the media with expert commentary on key consumer issues supported by solid data and victim testimony.
Changing world of TV and video (Spring 2016) (spring_2016_streaming.pdf)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
David or Dave Holt may refer to:

Sports
Dave Holt (athlete) (born 1944), English runner who competed in the 1972 Olympics
David Holt (bowls) (born 1966), England international lawn and indoor bowler
David Holt (cricketer) (born 1981), Anglo-French cricketer
David Holt (footballer, born 1936), Scottish international footballer
David Holt (footballer, born 1952) (1952–2003), English professional footballer

Other people
David Holt (American actor) (1927–2003), American actor
David Eldred Holt (1843–1925), American clergyman
David Holt (musician) (born 1946), American musician
David Lee Holt (born 1960), American musician
David Holt (voice actor) (born 1966), British voice actor
David Holt (politician) (born 1979), former Oklahoma State Senator, Mayor of Oklahoma City
David Holt (psychotherapist) (1926–2002), English psychotherapist

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


About | Art Cars & opportunities that connect the arts around us.
Benefitting art, education, and the community.
Robert Hertel, President – Mr. Hertel's 10 years as Senior V.P. and Director of Corporate Operations at Macy's New York ensures the knowledge, logistics, and the experience of managing The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade will be a large part of Art 120's event. Robert's Executive Leadership experience is custom made for planning and organizing The Scenic City Art Car Weekend.
Larry Richey, Treasurer – With 32 years of experience in Commercial Banking, 25 in Chattanooga, Larry brings the financial leadership necessary to successfully oversee the budget and fund-raising efforts of Art 120. Mr. Richey is active in the community and currently serves as Chairman of the Finance Committee for Siskin Hospital for Physical Rehabilitation, a member of the Finance Committee for the Creative Discovery Museum, and a member of the Board of Directors for the Walden Club.
Angela Ballard, Secretary – Angela Ballard brings to Art 120 over fifteen years professional marketing, broadcast, and PR experience. Angela is also accredited in public relations (APR) by the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) and is a professor with the UTC Department of Communication, teaching writing, graphic design and public relations. During her 5 years serving as the Marketing and Communications Director for Chattanooga Goodwill Industries, Angela was instrumental in creating the curriculum for Hamilton County's character education initiative to provide disability awareness education to public school students in grades K-12.
Isaac Duncan III, Community Liaison – Along with being a very talented sculptor, Isaac provides Art 120 with the voice of Main Street as well as any technical input with fabrication and materials for making an art car body. Mr. Duncan has taught in primary, secondary and higher education over the past 10 years and has experience with artists-in-residence programs. Mr. Duncan also serves on the board of the Mid-South Sculpture Alliance and serves on the committee Public Art Chattanooga.
art car building classes that led to the creation of 19 art cars. Under her direction, students have had their art cars featured on an international level in CNN, FOX, National Geographic, Car and Driver, FX channels Weird Wheels, New York Times, among many others. Their various art cars are part of permanent museum collections in Malaysia, Germany, Mexico, as well as six cities in the United States.


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Q: fetching data from multiple tables, mssql, php, apache Looking to create my own report/stats page for our call center...
Table 1 (agent)
CODE....NAME
AXA     apple bottom
AXB     apple pear

Table 2 (stat)
AGENT.....CAMPAIGN....CALLS....PITCHES.....TALKTIME......dialdate
AXA       CCC         5        2           90(sec)       2-2-2013
AXA       DDD         5        2           20(sec)       2-2-2013
AXB       DDD         1        1           20(Sec)       2-2-2013

Table 3 (result_CCC)
AGENTID.....lcdate......samount.....upamt......termcd
AXA         2-2-2013    $10         $5         SA

Table 4 (result_DDD)
AGENTID.....lcdate......samount.....upamt......termcd
AXA         2-2-2013    $0          $0         BN
AXB         2-2-2013    $0          $0         NI

I want to display my table as follow
Agent Name  ---  Calls ---- Pitches --- talktime --- samount --- upamt
Apple Bottom     10         4           110(sec)     $10         $5

but calls has to be a SUM of all calls made that day (not just by campaign and not tied to the TERMCD)
but pitches has to be a SUM of all pitches made that day (not just by campaign and not tied to the TERMCD)
but talktime has to be a SUM of all talktime made that day (not just by campaign and not tied to the TERMCD)
samount has to be a SUM of all termcd = SA only for that day
upamt has to be a SUM of all termcd = SA only for that day
Here is the string i'm using now, which is still missing a few items:
SELECT agent.name, stats.agent, SUM(stats.calls) AS sumcalls, SUM(stats.pitches) AS     sumpitches, SUM(stats.talktime) AS sumtalktime, SUM(stats.wrapuptime) as sumwrapuptime, SUM(stats.dialtime) as sumdialtime, (SUM(stats.wrapuptime) + SUM(stats.talktime) + sum(stats.dialtime)) as sumtotal
FROM dbo.stats
     INNER JOIN dbo.agent ON agent.code = stats.agent
WHERE (stats.agent !='' and stats.dialdate = '".($_GET['datetime'])."') and (stats.campaign = '".($_GET['camp_select'])."' or stats.campaign = '')
GROUP BY agent.name, stats.agent
ORDER BY SUM(stats.talktime) ASC";

My concern with this is, that when I start to add WHERE termcd = 'SA', then my calls, pitches, talktime, etc.... will also change, but those columns need not be affected by the TERMCD = 'SA' function.
Can anyone shed some light?

A: You need a conditional summation:
select . . .
       sum(case when termcd = 'SA' then samount end) as sa,
       sum(case when termcd = 'SA' then upamount end) as up
. . .

That is, don't filter by the criteria in the where clause.  Just put the logic in as a conditional sum.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Journalist Peter Taylor (on left) and former MI6 officer Michael Oatley were among the mourners at Brendan Duddy's Requiem Mass.
Hundreds of mourners packed into St Eugene's Cathedral today for the funeral of Brendan Duddy - the Derry businessman who played a key role in Northern Ireland's peace process.
Mr Duddy, who acted as an intermediary between the British government and the IRA, hosting secret talks at his Derry home, passed away on Friday last after a long illness.
John Hume arrives at St Eugene's Cathedral in Derry for the funeral of Brendan Duddy.
Mourners at his funeral included Nobel laureate John Hume, former Sinn Fein MP Pat Doherty, representatives of the Irish government and the Irish President, as well as local politicians and members of the Derry business community.
Also in the congregation was Michael Oatley, the former MI6 officer whose contacts with the IRA through Brendan Duddy were cloaked in secrecy.
Peter Taylor, the journalist who first broke the story of Brendan Duddy's role as a secret "go between", was also among the mourners.
Rev. Chris Ferguson, in his homily at the Requiem Mass, said Mr. Duddy had dedicated his life towards working for peace and had never been afraid to take risks.
The coffin of Brendan Duddy leaves St Eugene's Cathedral in Derry after Requiem Mass.
He added: "Brendan knew the value of creating and maintaining trust on all sides, which, would allow the seeds planted through dialogue to produce the peace process.
"Brendan possessed the determination and persistence to remain actively involved for many decades in the task of creating the opportunity for dialogue which could lead to peace. Reflecting on his time as a negotiator Brendan emphasised the need to know his role, which meant having to leave your ego at the door and never over stepping your boundaries. Accordingly, Brendan said he never desired to be in the limelight, he wasn't looking for recognition or acknowledgement.
"Always maintaining the long view, Brendan never gave up hope regardless of many setbacks.
"Brendan, in his position as facilitator, found himself bearing witness to the secret fears and anxieties of all sides.
Being a husband and father, Brendan Duddy, said Fr. Ferguson, had a vested interest in seeing an end to conflict through real and meaningful negotiations.
His trust in God's presence, said Fr. Ferguson, provided the reassurance and guidance he needed to keep the space for dialogue open.
Rev. David Latimer, Minister of First Derry Presbyterian Church, and Dr. William Morton, former Dean of St Columb's Cathedral and now Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin, also took part in yesterday's Mass.


text:
Posts Tagged 'Te Kereme'
The Lifeline
The business card simply says Dr Graham Kitson, Relationship Director. Nothing here to suggest that the man sitting in front of me helped kept Te Kerēme on track in the 1990s.
However it was Dr Graham Kitson's introduction of Tipene O'Regan to Japanese businessman and philanthropist Masashi Yamada that enabled a lifeline to be extended to Ngāi Tahu while the tribe waited for the result of its Waitangi Tribunal hearings. It came in in the form of a series of loans which enabled the tribe to continue with Te Kerēme.
Historian Harry Evison and the pursuit of truth
Historian Harry Evison, pictured here at an 'A Team' dinner in 1991, played a pivotal role in presenting evidence supporting the Ngāi Tahu Claim. Kaituhi Mark Revington reports. The first time Harry Evison met Tā Tipene O'Regan, the former was a historian who had written an interesting but largely ignored thesis, and the latter was…


As you can see by the photos below, the options for your backyard are nearly unlimited. When you're ready, we'll be happy to take a look at your backyard, and discuss what options might be best for you, your yard, and your budget.
For a one-on-one consultation on your backyard oasis, just give us a call at 813.948.2326.


text:
21-23 February
Country Place, Dandenong Ranges
Join Brett Hill, Marcus Pearce & Kim Morrison for a transformational three day escape to the beautiful Dandenong Ranges!
Breakthrough your relationships, career, nutrition, productivity, movement and mindset at this one-time-only intensive.
"Incredibly life-changing weekend."
– Lisa V
"An amazing weekend that has changed my life."
– Juliet D
"My breakthrough was I learnt I could say 'No' and stop."
– Wendy S
"I cannot speak highly enough of the entire experience."
– Stuart D
"I am blown away with the whole weekend."
– Carrie C
Get immersed, get inspired, get ready to BREAKTHROUGH!
Highlights from the Wellness Breakthrough
Are you ready to break through your biggest fears and roadblocks?
Are you ready to cultivate the intimate, family, social and workplace relationships you are worthy of?
Are you ready to master your time instead of letting time master you?
Are you ready to write the script for your life instead of letting everyone else write it for you?
Are you ready to create the health, fulfilment and inspiration you deserve?
JOIN Kim, Marcus & Brett for 3 days and 2 nights in the picturesque Dandenong Ranges with a tribe of like-minded people for an experience you will never, ever forget!
6PM Friday February 21 to 6PM Sunday February 23, 2020
@ Country Place, Kalorama, Dandenong Ranges
All accommodation (twin share) and all meals provided – gluten-free, vegan-friendly, all allergies and dietary requirements are taken care of.
Registration fee includes food, accommodation, airport transfers, activities and tuition.
Register for one payment of $2997
Partner discount = $500 off. One payment of $2497
Are you ready to break through?
YOUR WELLNESS BREAKTHROUGH MENTORS
Four experts in health, wellness, self-care and self-love, family & career fulfilment, fitness, business, and more – at your disposal for an entire weekend!
Kim Morrison
Founder and Creator of Twenty8 Chemical-free Skincare and Aromatherapy, Best-Selling Author, Health and Lifestyle Educator. Kim Morrison is the founder and creator of Twenty8 Chemical-free Skincare and Aromatherapy, a five times best selling author and Health and Lifestyle Educator. She set a world record as the youngest female to run 100miles in less than 24 hours. Cliff Young was her mentor throughout and still to this day lives by his ethos that success is 90% mental and 10% physical. She has used her running experiences as a direct metaphor for life – riding the highs, hitting the walls, pushing through the pain barriers, understanding people, knowing one's constraints and strengths, crossing the line and never, ever giving up! She believes combining your inner power and passion, applying self-discipline, actioning daily rituals and having truck loads of self-belief and awareness is what distinguishes you as an achiever. She also knows it is about visualising your dream and going for it – regardless of the feedback you receive or the challenges you face. As an aromatherapist, remedial sports therapist, PT, personality trainer and a multi-tasking mum and wife, Kim shares the essential tools and rituals she has studied for decades to master self-care, relationship dynamics, self-discipline, leadership, teamwork, chemical-free living and most of all how to embrace an attitude with sparkle!
Brett Hill
Dr Brett Hill is co-host of two of Australia's top rated health podcasts, public speaker, Paleo advocate, chiropractor, barefoot runner and author of numerous books and e-books. He regularly appears on TV, radio and in print, and his media appearances, seminars, coaching and consulting have inspired thousands of people over the last decade to live a long, happy, healthy life full of energy and vitality.
In his early 20s, Dr Brett realised that it was time to make a change. He had been the kind of child who was always sick – not terribly sick, but not terribly well either. For as long as he could remember he had suffered from coughs and colds at least half a dozen times a year, he didn't sleep well, was low in energy and not particularly fit. He realised that he had been doing the same things over and over again (including regular doses of antibiotics) and kept getting the same results. He decided to do something different.
Dr Brett realised that if he wanted better health he was going to have to make better choices. At the time he thought nothing of a lunch consisting of a pie, a pasty, a 1.25L soft drink and a chocolate bar. He would regularly go out and drink more than he should, and he did little to no exercise. Something had to give. Over the course of the next decade he gradually turned his life around. He started getting regular chiropractic care, cleaned up his diet, started exercising well and in the process he learnt what it takes to make real life-long changes to lifestyle and health.
In the process Dr Brett has been able to share his journey with his two gorgeous children Tom and Charlotte, who have inspired Dr Brett to take his message to the world in order to create a healthier environment for his family to thrive in.
Dr Brett's websites, articles, videos, media appearances and books have inspired people all over the world to make drastic changes for the better in their life and their health.
Marcus Pearce
In a former life Marcus Pearce was a workaholic journalist, radio and television producer. That past life included an obsession with AFL football, which led him to create The Run Home on Victorian all-sports station SEN 1116, and work as an associate producer at Channel Nine's The Footy Show.
That life also included years as a smoking, binge-drinking, overweight, pimply statistic-waiting-to-happen.
The beginning of the revolution came when he met his now-wife Sarah, a wellness chiropractor. Embarking not just on a magnificent relationship but a complete lifestyle and philosophical change, Marcus began to slowly take away his least healthy habits and replace them with life-extending, empowering ones.
The transformation from an addicted smoker to extreme (not necessarily healthy) vegan (sometimes raw) and now back again to somewhere in the middle has taken him on an incredible journey where he's met and worked with a range of leaders in the health and empowerment world including Tony Robbins, Dr John Demartini and Eddie McGuire.
Marcus is passionate about teaching people not to silently approve what we read in the papers and online, watch on TV and listen to on the radio. Instead, Marcus is about relentlessly challenging people to be their own person, their own "scientific researcher", their own creator of health, so that they can live their life on their own terms and not someone else's.
This isn't like other seminars. In fact, it's not a seminar at all! There's minimal sitting, listening and note-taking and maximum DOING. Just hands-on workshopping dedicated to your future.
You'll be working in small groups of like-minded individuals and us, your mentors. We'll be spending days brainstorming, making plans, answering questions, supporting and challenging you to level up, get inspired ad soar!
Did we mention that all meals and accommodation are included? We've got you covered with the most nourishing fare and stunning scenery possible. Nestled in the Dandenong Ranges, the view alone will give you a fresh perspective.
What is The Wellness Breakthrough?
The Wellness Breakthrough is the signature two-night three-day transformational retreat hosted by Australia's #1 health and wellness podcasting network The Wellness Couch. This retreat is our "deep and meaningful" experience creating an environment to truly break through in the key areas of true wellness – life purpose, relationships, limiting beliefs, mindset spirit and physical health.
What time does The Wellness Breakthrough begin?
The 2020 Wellness Breakthrough gets underway at 6pm on Friday February 21. Check-in is from 4pm at Country Place in Kalorama. The weekend concludes at 6pm on Sunday February 23 with a shuttle bus taking interstate attendees straight to the airport.
How does accommodation work?
Your registration to The Wellness Breakthrough includes twin-share accommodation with another attendee from the weekend. Country Place is excellent accommodation (it's regularly used as a wedding destination) and the facilities are outstanding. If you prefer to be in a room by yourself the single supplement fee is $150, which can be paid shortly after registering.
Is there a couples discount?
Yes 🙂 There is a $500 couples discount when you attend The Wellness Breakthrough with your partner.
Who is speaking at this years' event?
Four experts in health, wellness, business, nutrition, fitness, family and life purpose – at your disposal for an entire weekend! The two leaders of The Wellness Couch – Brett Hill & Marcus Pearce alongside Kim Morrison & a special guest will be your facilitators during The Wellness Breakthrough.
Why did we create The Wellness Breakthrough?
There's only so much information you can share on a podcast! And there's only so much transformation that can take place at The Wellness Summit (with over 900 people in attendance this year it's difficult to get into groups and workshop through the information). With 20 podcasts now on The Wellness Couch, we recognise that listening to a podcast is one thing, but having the accountability of learning alongside other wellness enthusiasts is an entirely different game. Workshopping your way through all aspects of your life in an intimate environment with an exclusive group of attendees and four professional facilitators is our way of taking the experience to the next level.
Will my dietary requirements be looked after?
Absolutely! It warms our hearts that feedback on the food provided has been outstanding for each Breakthrough we have conducted. We bring in a wholefoods inspired-by-wellness catering team who provide delicious and nutritious fare for the whole weekend. Whether your paleo, vegan, autoimmune or high-allergy, you will leave this weekend feeling incredibly well nourished.
What is the schedule of events?
We begin at 6pm on Friday night and conclude on Sunday night at 6pm. Breakfast, lunch and dinner will be served in the communal dining area, and in between meal times we'll be conducting life-changing, transformational experiences. Unlike a seminar or presentation, there is no strict time constraints. We might be up late and up early, and we may not. This experience is VERY fluid and dynamic (just like life).
Where is The Wellness Breakthrough held?
The beautiful Country Place, nestled in the Dandenong Ranges has been The Wellness Breakthrough home since 2015. Nestled on 10 acres in the small town of Kalorama, Country Place has held over 1500 conferences – from weddings, business events, retreats and so on. We love it for the open-plan dining areas, overlooking the Dandenongs whilst kangaroos hop by. We love it for it's plethora of break-out rooms where we can workshop with attendees and guide the transformation process. We love the Country Place for it's proximity to the national rainforest and multitude of natural wonders just a short stroll away.
Located 75 minutes from Melbourne airport, we transfer all interstate and international attendees via shuttle bus. Ample car parking is available for those commuting by car.
Enrolment to The Wellness Breakthrough is 100% transferrable. We do NOT offer refunds to the retreat given the intimate size of the event, catering and accommodation requirements. You are welcome to re-sell or gift your enrolment to your friends, colleagues or family should you be unable to attend. Should extenuating circumstances arise, your enrolment can be transferred to future events hosted by The Wellness Couch.
If I have a question, who do I contact?
Simply send an email to marcus@thewellnesscouch.com and Marcus will respond within 2 business days.
JOIN us for 3 days and 2 nights in the picturesque Dandenong Ranges with a tribe of like-minded people for an experience you will never, ever forget!
6PM Friday February 21 to 6PM Sunday February 23
All accommodation (twin share) and all meals provided – gluten-free, vegan-friendly, all allergies and dietary requirements are taken care of
I can't express in words how I feel about this year's event. Last year was a game changer in so many ways as I achieved so much because of it. This year was SO POWERFUL, I can't express it. I love you guys 🙂 Leanne Anders
I've pushed myself to a new level and now have a new base to start from. Duncan S
This was my second year in a row and I loved every bit of it. What a great bunch of people all sharing the same journey and pushing boundaries. Adam W
It's great to be a part of a supportive community of like minded people. It has reinforced what we want to do and given us some clarity with what we need to do to move forward. Thank you! Jim V
Overall I am blown away with the whole weekend. My highlights were getting to hear each speaker and having quality time with those we resonated with. I'm taking away a whole new approach to embracing motherhood and what I need to do to ensure I'm on a path to continual learning and betterment.
Thank you to all the wellness leaders for such an amazing display of generosity and kindness towards us all. Your attitudes and care to ensure all our needs were met was incredible – how do you it?! Looking forward to many more experiences and breakthroughs xoxoxo Carrie C
The weekend has been amazing! There is not enough space here to write everything I am taking away. So so much! In a broad sense I'm taking away personal growth and personal insight to help me on my path. Melissa T
The experience has been very fulfilling and enjoyable. The speakers were of great quality. The staff made me comfortable from day one and the interaction was of a high standard. And the menu was fantastic! Graham B
I would recommend The Wellness Breakthrough to everyone who wants to take their personal growth, life, relationships and more to the next level. This event will take your life to the next level in ways you can never imagine. Wendy S
Copyright The Wellness Couch. Website design by Bare Hill Design


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Goddess Kanaka Durga Temple atop Indrakeeladri in Vijayawada, Hundi collection netted Rs.2,00,05,541 for 30 days. The hundi collection counting of all 63 hundi's has been done today. Added to this, 797 grams of gold, 7301 kg's silver also have been donated by the devotees.


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Pennsylvania Senate Judiciary Committee
Senator Lisa Baker
« To consider the nomination of Suzanne Estrella as Victim Advocate, and consideration of SB 708, SB 726, and HB 156
Meeting to consider HB 246, HB 843, HB 954, and HB 1147 »
Senate Judiciary Committee Advances Legislation and Approves the Nomination of New Victim Advocate
(HARRISBURG) – The Senate Judiciary Committee, chaired by Senator Lisa Baker (R-20), met today to consider the nomination of Suzanne V. Estrella, Esq., as Pennsylvania's Victim Advocate. In addition, the committee considered three pieces of legislation aimed at protecting the rights of children and crime victims, and safeguarding the Commonwealth from ransomware attacks.
Pennsylvania's Victim Advocate is a position that is crucial to the support of victims and advancing meaningful measures to provide them with justice. Following remarks and discussion, Ms. Estrella's nomination was unanimously approved by members of the Senate Judiciary Committee and now advances to the full Senate for consideration.
"The position of Victim Advocate is extremely important," Senator Baker stated. "The responsibility of this position runs on two essential tracks, raising awareness of the hurdles facing victims who seek justice, and putting in place the mechanisms that effectively address these needs and problems. Ms. Estrella is immensely qualified for this position. As an attorney, she has spent extensive time working in legal services. She has been part of the team dealing with juvenile and adult offenders, and in addition, she has conducted legal and legislative work in her previous role as Legal Director with the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape. Her extensive experience and dedication to helping victims will undoubtedly serve her well in the position of Pennsylvania's Victim Advocate."
Ms. Estrella is a constituent of Senator Lisa Boscola (D-18), who emphasized her qualifications and character.
"The 18th Senatorial District is proud to learn that one of our own, Suzanne V. Estrella, Esq., has been unanimously approved by the Senate Judiciary Committee to be considered by the whole Senate for the position of Pennsylvania's Victim Advocate. Ms. Estrella is a passionate advocate who will fight for our constituents and ensure every crime victim has a voice. I am proud to support her and look forward to working with her office to support Pennsylvanians who need us the most."
The committee also unanimously advanced two bills to protect victims' rights.
House Bill 156, introduced by Representative Clint Owlett (R-68), amends the Tender Years Hearsay Act to permit the introduction of out-of-court statements, made by children 16 years of age or younger, concerning violent or sexual offenses. Currently, under the Act, such statements are admissible if the child was 12 years of age or younger at the time the statement was made and the court finds that the child is unavailable as a witness due to the substantial emotional distress that would render the child unable to reasonably communicate if forced to testify. This fear of testifying is one of the primary reasons the great majority of sexual assaults go unreported. By extending the age from 12 to 16 in the Tender Years Hearsay Act, this legislation will add additional protections to child victims and will ensure that offenders are brought to justice.
Senate Bill 708 introduced by Senator Camera Bartolotta (R-46), amends the Crime Victims Act to make numerous changes to victims' rights and compensation. This legislation is part of the Justice Reinvestment Initiative, a bipartisan package of criminal justice reform bills. The other two pieces of legislation, which strengthened public safety and reduced prison and probation costs, were signed into law in the last legislative session. The bill would reinvest savings generated through the companion legislation into victim services, streamlining the entire process and making sure more victims receive the help they need. SB 708 ensures that all victims understand their important role in the system and are not further victimized by the process.
In addition, the committee approved legislation to deter and prevent ransomware attacks against the Commonwealth.
Senate Bill 726, sponsored by Senator Kristin Phillips-Hill (R-28), amends Title 76, to ensure Commonwealth agencies have strong capabilities in place to discourage, combat and recover from ransomware attacks. These capabilities include measures to make illegal the possession, use, or transfer of ransomware, as well as prohibiting agencies from payment of ransom. Additional measures will help restore systems and captured information quickly, and provide timely public notification of such attacks. Ransomware is a type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system until a sum of money is paid. The software locks the user out of their files and/or device, then demands an anonymous online payment to restore access. This legislation will discourage ransomware attacks by reducing financial incentives for extortion, by shortening the duration of disruption to our agencies' services, and by expanding prohibited acts subject to criminal prosecution. SB 726 was passed by the committee with bi-partisan support by a vote of 13 to 1.
House Bill 156, Senate Bill 708 and Senate Bill 726 have all been sent to the full Senate for consideration.
Media Contact: Kate Flessner kflessner@pasen.gov
173 Main Capitol
M-F: 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM
2022 © Senate of Pennsylvania


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Visa wants to be a part of your app through Visa Developer
On Thursday, Visa announced it is launching Visa Developer, an open platform giving access to its payment technology to software app developers worldwide.
The company said that, at launch, it will offer access to 'some of Visa's most popular payment technologies and services', adding there will be more in the future.
At the moment, Visa Developer offers account holder identification, person-to-person payment capabilities, secure in-store and online payment services such as Visa Checkout, currency conversion and consumer transaction alerts.
The beta version of the platform has been tested for the past couple of months, with a number of partners getting a chance to play with the new product and create a few prototypes. Visa's trial partners include Capital One, CIBC, Emirates NBD, National Australia Bank (NAB), RBC, TD Bank, Scotiabank, TSYS, U.S. Bank and VenueNext.
"As the leader in payments we have an opportunity to transform global commerce by opening-up access to our global network and supporting our clients, industry partners and innovators in their pursuit of creating new, easier and more secure ways to pay," said Charlie Scharf, chief executive officer, Visa Inc. "Visa Developer represents not only a new access point to our network, but a new distribution platform for Visa products and services globally."
The platform has been in the works for the past couple of years, the company said, adding that Visa is looking to transform its products and services into application programming interfaces (API), standard technology used by software and application developers all around the world.


Treatment is for the addict, but intervention is for family and friends. This special meeting helps anyone in an addict's life know that they did their best to help.
It's hard to calculate statistics on the effectiveness of drug interventions, but they do increase the likelihood of an addict seeking treatment. Newman Intervention Services is dedicated to helping families and saving lives.
Drug interventions can be an emotionally charged atmosphere that is difficult to navigate. It's important to have the right people in the room.
If you or someone you love is in need of professional intervention services, check out the 3 things you need to know about Newman Intervention Services below.
An intervention is a method that friends, families, and counseling professionals use to help persuade friends, family, or clients to seek help. The help may not always be for drug addiction – it can also deal with other traumas or issues.
Interventions can be either invitational or confrontational. Professionals involved can choose to implement positive psychology, gradually escalate, or foster discussion.
The type of intervention conducted is based on the needs of those involved.
The most important factor in the success of an intervention is the planning conducted before the event. This will determine what kind of intervention is carried out.
Before the intervention, everyone but the subject of the intervention should meet to discuss their needs and ideas. Not only should the type of intervention be decided, but the location and time of the intervention as well.
It is common for friends and family to prepare letters detailing their feelings about the issue. This letter should also address what behaviors they want to change after the meeting, and what consequences will result if goals aren't met.
All of these factors play an important role in the success of the intervention.
Most professionals do not advise friends and family to conduct an intervention without a counselor present. Counselors help manage the intense emotional nature of interventions, as well as provide a neutral presence. They can guide the discussion to keep it productive and avoid harmful results.
Professional interventionists also know some of the best resources for addicts and other traumatic issues. Don't forget to have a few different solutions in hand for your intervention.
One of the best things about Newman Intervention Services is the knowledge of founder Robert "Bobby" Newman. Many great interventionists have experienced the struggle of addiction firsthand, and Bobby is no stranger to its difficulties.
As a professional interventionist, Bobby holds several certifications. He is a certified Intervention Professional in the state of Pennsylvania, a certified Substance Abuse Counselor in the state of Hawaii, and an internationally certified counselor. He is also an internationally certified prevention specialist.
If your loved one is in need of intervention services, let the professionals at Newman Intervention Services guide you. Don't hesitate to contact us for help before the disease of addiction destroys someone you love.
This entry was posted in Intervention and tagged Newman Intervention Services.