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Hiekkaharju (en ) est un quartier de Vantaa, une des principales villes de l'agglomération d'Helsinki (Finlande).

Description
Hiekkaharju, signifiant esker de sable, tient son nom de sa position sur un harju de 60 km de long.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Liens internes
 Liste des quartiers de Vantaa par district

Liens externes

Quartier de Vantaa


Bojan Bogdanovic scored 28 points on 10-of-16 shooting with three treys, four boards and two steals in Sunday's elimination loss to Russia in EuroBasket.
Bogdanovic has some nice opportunity in Indiana due to their lack of depth and need for scoring. His stat set is a major liability, however, and he's more of a deep league asset outside of points formats.


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Milieubeleid is overheidsbeleid gericht op het tegengaan en voorkomen van aantasting van het leefmilieu. In de jaren 60 van de 20e eeuw nam de belangstelling voor milieuverontreiniging toe met een sterker milieubewustzijn bij burgers en overheden als gevolg. Omstreeks 1970 is  in veel landen,  onder andere Nederland, voor het eerst serieus milieubeleid geformuleerd.

Milieu, milieubeleid, doelen en uitvoering
Omdat de milieuproblematiek verschillende aspecten heeft omvat het milieubeleid verschillende beleidsterreinen en houft het zich bezig met verschillende van deze aspecten. Het milieubeleid richt zch in ieder geval op de klassieke hoofdpijlers van milieubescherming, luchtvervuiling, watervervuiling, bodemverontreiniging, beheer van natuurlijke hulpbronnen zoals fossiele brandstoffen en bescherming van natuur, biodiversiteit en landschap en daarnaast op de meer recente kwesties, zoals de opwarming van de aarde, genetische manipulatie, geluidshinder, radioactieve straling en duurzaamheid. Zowel de milieuproblematiek als het milieubeleid zijn dynamisch. In de loop van de tijd zijn prioriteiten en probleemdefinities, doelen, strategieen  en maatregelen  meermaals veranderd.

Doelstellingen
De hoofddoelstellingen van milieubeleid zijn:
 Het opruimen van vervuiling en het tegengaan van verdere vervuiling van water, lucht en bodem, binnen en buiten de woonomgeving, inclusief straling en geleid.
 Het voorkomen van een overmatig gebruik van natuurlijke hulpbronnen, inclusief energie.
 Het voorkomen van een sterke aantasting van natuur en landschap, inclusief biodiversiteit.
 Het beperken van de verdere opwarming van de aarde door middel van klimaatbeleid.

Sinds het einde van de jaren 1980 is de tweede doelstelling veelal vertaald in het streven naar duurzame ontwikkeling, dat wil zeggen het streven om niet meer hulpbronnen te verbruiken dan er door natuurlijke aanwas bij komen. Hierdoor zijn ook latere generaties verzekerd van hulpbronnen. Het begrip duurzaamheid behoeft nadere concretisering in maximaal aanvaardbare maten van verontreiniging, aantasting en uitputting, en daarvandaan weer in concrete milieukwaliteitseisen, grenswaarden, streefwaarden, enzovoorts.
Hoewel het streven naar duurzaamheid vrij duidelijk bepaalt wat de doelen van milieubeleid zouden behoren te zijn, wordt er in de praktijk onderhandeld tussen partijen en landen over milieudoelen, omdat vele maatschappelijke partijen (actoren) het met elkaar eens moeten worden voordat het milieubeleid kan worden uitgevoerd.

Typen maatregelen
Aan het bereiken van deze doelen kan door technische maatregelen een bijdrage worden geleverd, maar dit is maar een deel van de oplossing. Daarnaast zijn ook verdergaande maatregelen nodig. Te nemen maatregelen kunnen als volgt worden ingedeeld:
 Emissiegerichte maatregelen. Gericht op de beperking van de uitstoot van vervuilende stoffen.
 Volumegerichte maatregelen. Waarbij de hoeveelheid producten of het gebruik ervan worden gereguleerd.
 Structuurgerichte maatregelen. Waarbij de aard van productie- en consumptieprocessen wordt gewijzigd.

Alle belangrijke groepen actoren, zoals burgers, bedrijfsleven en overheid, hebben een belangrijke rol in de milieuproblematiek. Elk van deze groepen zal dan ook een bijdrage moeten leveren aan de oplossing. In de praktijk is het moeilijk om het handelen van de verschillende groepen op elkaar af te stemmen, omdat er botsende belangen in het spel zijn. Omdat de milieuproblematiek internationaal van aard is, zullen verschillende landen het met elkaar eens moeten worden. Ook dit is niet eenvoudig door uiteenlopende belangen.

Typen instrumenten
Binnen het milieubeleid worden de volgende instrumenten gehanteerd:
 Directe regulering, gebaseerd op dwang.
 Indirecte, marktconforme regulering, gebaseerd op het ruilprincipe.
 Communicatieve instrumenten, gebaseerd op overreding.

In de loop der tijd zijn er verschuivingen opgetreden in het instrumentarium van het milieubeleid. Waar de nadruk oorspronkelijk lag op regulering door middel van wetten en milieuvergunningen, wordt er, onder meer in Nederland,  momenteel meer gebruikgemaakt van marktconforme en communicatieve instrumenten. Marktconforme instrumenten zijn bijvoorbeeld milieuheffingen, subsidie en verhandelbare emissierechten (emissiehandel). Dit maakt het mogelijk om de vervuiler te laten betalen. In dit verband spreekt men ook wel van een 'vergroening van het belastingstelsel'.
Door het gebruik van communicatieve instrumenten hoopt de overheid het maatschappelijk draagvlak voor milieumaatregelen te vergroten, en te komen tot een verinnerlijking bij de burger van milieuvriendelijke waarden en normen.

Het milieubeleid maakt ook gebruik van planning. Ook provincies en gemeenten kunnen eigen milieubeleidsplannen maken.

Uitvoering en handhaving
Het milieubeleid is een schoolvoorbeeld van een beleidsterrein dat met uitvoeringsproblemen te kampen heeft. Beoogde doelstellingen worden veelal niet behaald. Enkele van de oorzaken hiervoor:
 Weerstand bij degenen tot wie het beleid zich richt.
 Gebrekkige handhavings- en sanctioneringmechanismen.

Nederland
Na diverse sectorale plannen uit de jaren 1970 vormde vanaf 1990 het Nationale Milieubeleidsplan (NMP) in Nederland lange tijd het integrerende en ambitieuze  kader. Toch bleek het milieubeleid in Nederland de daaropvolgende decennia minder doeltreffend en doelmatig dan was gehoopt. De zichtbare milieuverontreiniging is in die tijd in Nederland wel verminderd, maar de druk op het milieu (milieudruk) is nog steeds veel te hoog. Er is slechts een eerste stap op weg naar duurzaamheid gezet.

In de 21e eeuw bleek het Nederlandse overheidsbeleid nog steeds te kort te schieten, wat meermaals werd bekrachtigd in rechtzaken.
Op basis van internationaal aanvaarde milieuprincipes formuleerde de rijksoverheid in 2020 vier bouwstenen voor verbetering van het beleid:
 meer nadruk op het voorkomen van milieuproblemen, onder meer als gevolg van vervuiling en uitputting
 het zo veel mogelijk beheersen van de problemen door afwenteling op toekomstige generaties of mensen buiten Nederland tegen te gaan
 meer aandacht voor het verbeteren van milieukwaliteit
 meer aandacht voor samenwerking tussen, het verbinden van, partijen zoals lagere overheden, bedrijven, kennisinstellingen, NGO's en burgers.
De overheid vatte  dit alles samen als de ambitie om meer aandacht te schenken aan het voorkomen dan aan het genezen van milieuproblemen.

België
Het EU-milieurapport 2022 waardeerde het Brlgische afvalbeleid, maar vroeg meer aandacht voor de water- en de luchtkwaliteit, en zeker voor natuur en biodiversiteit, die een onvoldoende scoren.

Internationaal milieubeleid
Omdat milieuproblemen veelal internationaal van aard zijn, vereist de oplossing ook een internationale aanpak. Op het niveau van  de Verenigde Naties zijn verschillende verdragen van kracht, zoals voor klimaat en biodiversiteit.

Ook de Europese Unie heeft een milieubeleid heeft ontwikkeld. De EU werkt hierbij met milieurichtlijnen en -verordeningen, zoals vormen van emissiehandel.
Met de Environmental Implementation Review (EIR) publiceerde de Europese Commissie voor elke lidstaat sedert 2017 een tweejaarlijks milieurappport, bedoeld om de uitvoering van de milieuwetgeving en het milieubeleid van de EU te beoordelen, en de nationale beleidsmakers te helpen bij het stellen van prioriteiten.

Zie ook
Milieuwetgeving in Nederland

Externe link
Compendium voor de Leefomgeving: beleidsrelevante feiten en cijfers over milieu en natuur

Milieu
Bestuurskunde

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Whether a corporate function or a party with friends, The Greek Club is regarded as one of Brisbane's premier destinations for private events of all kind. Offering panoramic views of Musgrave Park and the Brisbane City skyline, it's a stellar venue to celebrate milestones, launches, and celebrations of all kinds!
Offering 11 versatile function spaces as well as a team of hospitality experts, The Greek Club is a modern and welcoming destination for all of your events needs. One of their most incredible spaces is The Grand Ballroom which is lavish and stunning, but also equally versatile. From exhibitions to cocktail soirees, gala events to weddings, it's classic elegance is perfect for when you want to stun and delight your guests. The space can also be divided into smaller function rooms, catering for events from 20 people and up.
They are also able to recommend styling, furniture hire, photography and floral specialists to help make your event a success. Whatever you need to achieve, their team of events experts will help minimise the stress and turn your dream event into a reality.


For use on a variety of exterior wood surfaces, except exotic hardwood. A highly-protective opaque finish with a low-luster sheen that hides wood grain but accentuates texture. Provides a more dirt and mildew resistant finish than standard flat-finish stains. Ideal for all vertical and, especially, for high-traffic horizontal surfaces. Water-repellent. Exceptional UV resistance to slow color fade. Self-priming on most bare or previously coated surfaces. Covers approximately 250-400 sq ft per gallon. Coverage depends on the type, age and texture of the wood and application method.
For use on decks, fencing, wood patios, wood screening, porches, swimming pool walks, outdoor furniture, steps and railings. Water-repellent. For use on most types of lumber such as cedar, fir, pine, cypress, spruce, redwood and pressure-treated wood. Dries to a natural, flat finish. Covers 400-600 sq. ft. per gallons.


*7-8 Bedroom Homes also available*. Heavenly hills home with incredible amenities that include Pool table, Private outdoor Hot tub, 65 inch High Definition TV set next to large rock fireplace/woodstove and sectional sofa, large master suite w/40'inch TV, oversized bathtub with views and glass enclosed shower. Large back deck with BBQ, patio furniture. Full service kitchen, bar area with TV and bar stools. Close to skiing, casinos, lake, mtn bike trails right out the back door.
Nearby Attractions: - Skiing, golf, tennis, beaches, lake, hiking, biking, boating, fishing.


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Home » CHILD SUPPORT
Child Support Bill More Equitable and Fair- Family First NZ welcomed the new rules surrounding child support, although they would like to see equal focus and investment in strengthening marriages and supporting families at risk or under pressure before the relationship breakdown occurs. They also prefer stronger consequences placed on parents who are primarily at fault in the breakdown of the relationship. (more)
Child support is awarded without reference to fault – or lack of it. This must be addressed. Child support effectively designates an active present parent as "absent". It indirectly creates an economic incentive to separate. Forced expropriations under the name of 'child support' must be debated.(more)
The precise purpose of child support has never been made clear of publicly debated. Most people assume it is for parents who have abandoned their children or at least agreed voluntarily to live apart from them. It was certainly never intended to subsidise the removal of children from living, innocent parents who want the family to stay intact.(more)
Child support should be targeted at parents who abandon their responsibility or who are proved to be unsuitable to care for the children e.g. domestic violence, sexual and physical abuse – not at those who wish to maintain their responsibilities relating to raising their own children.(more)
Child Support should be initiated around a rebuttable presumption of shared parenting. This involves two key components: 1) Reasonable limits on 'no-fault' divorce when children are involved. Divorce by mutual consent (which was the original application of child support) is valid, but unilateral and involuntary divorces should result in a level of accountability for the offending party. 2) Shared parenting presumed for children of divorce or separation. Shared parenting reduces conflict by mitigating the winner-takes-all mentality that results in children being used as weapons. It's replaced with a guarantee that both parents will maintain a role in raising the children.(more)
Child support should take into account the income of both parents in determining levels of child support payments.(more)
As part of a review of child support, the issue of paternity testing should be considered.(more)
"There is obviously an issue with parents going overseas and avoiding their responsibilities – and children are the ultimate losers in this. 2008 figures show that nearly 13,000 liable parents live overseas yet this group owes one third of the total debt."(more)
COMMENTARY on Child Support Bill More Equitable and Fair
Source: Family First Media Release 7 May 2012
This issue was raised back in 2012 but gives a good overview .
Family First NZ is welcoming the new rules surrounding child support, although they would like to see equal focus and investment in strengthening marriages and supporting families at risk or under pressure before the relationship breakdown occurs. They also prefer stronger consequences placed on parents who are primarily at fault in the breakdown of the relationship. The Child Support Amendment Bill has its first reading in Parliament tomorrow.
"A number of recommendations made by Family First in its submission have been adopted, including taking the income of both parents into account rather that just the paying parent's income; recognising shared care of a child at lower levels than the current 40% of nights test; and automatic deduction of child support payments from wages," saysBob McCoskrie, National Director of Family First NZ
"For the sake of the children in terms of contact and material needs, and the financial pressures on sole parents, we must ensure that the system is fair to both parents and places the same obligation, responsibility, and role on each parent. Many parents are being alienated from their children – even when they may oppose the separation – and are then financially liable in an unfair way."
"Child Support should be strongly targeted at parents who abandon their responsibility or who are proved to be unsuitable to care for the children e.g. domestic violence, sexual, physical and psychological abuse – not at those who wish to maintain their responsibilities related to raising their own children. The current regime has been too inflexible and has lead to unjust results. The latest proposals will go some way to addressing that unfairness."
"There is obviously an issue with parents going overseas and avoiding their responsibilities – and children are the ultimate losers in this. 2008 figures show that nearly 13,000 liable parents live overseas yet this group owes one third of the total debt."
"Ultimately, this whole debate shows that there are no winners with family breakdown, and we must do more to strengthen marriages, encourage stability, and provide resources and support for families at risk or under stress," says Mr McCoskrie.
More on the Child Support Bill
https://www.familyfirst.org.nz
ORGANISATION TOPICS: Sex Ed in Schools, Mindfulness in Schools, Wicked Campers, Paid Parental Leave, Easter Trading, Into the River, Pedophile Register, Income Slitting, Street Prostitution, Child Care Debate, Billboards, City Pokie Deal, Gambling Harm, Bail Laws, Auckland Brothel, Child Support, Alcohol Law Reform, Outrageous Fortune, Anti-smacking, HPV Vaccine, RU486, Child Abuse, Child Poverty, Smacking Law, Gender, Screen Time, Euthanasia, R18 Sex Ed, Day Care, Youth & Alcohol, Value of Family, Why Marriage Matters, Family Issue Polls, Anti-smacking Polls, Family Meals, Smacking Cases,
See more about this organisation on these social media sites
Frustrated on this issue and want to have your say-click below!
About this organisation
Family First is NOT a political party and has no intention to be one.
Their role is to be a voice for families in the public domain, and to research and advocate for family and marriage issues.Family First has released its 'Principles on Family' – 11 principles highlighting the meaning and significance of the term 'family'. While there are many forms of family in today's society, these principles hold true as to what we need to encourage and protect.It has been adapted from "The Natural Family: A Manifesto" developed by the World Congress of Families. The World Congress of Families has been held since 1997 in Prague, Geneva and Mexico City, and was held in Poland (May 07).
Note: The below image is a recent screen grab and may not be up to date. Click on the image to see the latest info.
CLICK ON THE IMAGE ABOVE TO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT FAMILY FIRST

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every month, just after the full moon, something magical happens to the ocean around Bonaire, something so special that hardly a picture has captured it, few people in the world know of it's existence, and even fewer have seen the magical sight for themselves.
A few nights after full moon, male ostracods (tiny shrimps) create lights from within their bodies to attract the attention of female ostracods. A spectacle you must experience!
The ostracods are an amazing example of the untold depths of nature's ability, and if you're on the island of Bonaire during this time of the month, diving during the ostracods' show should be at the top of your list of things to do.
Get 10% discount by booking in advance!
Start your diving adventure here! Welcome at VIP Diving, the best diveshop on the island! We don't just offer diving, we create memories. Number one dive operation on TripAdvisor!


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Coda is a universal application. It runs fine on iPhones and iPads. Whether you want to edit simple text files or work on your code, this app has you covered.


text:
Archive for Advocacy & Campaign
Coalition of Indigenous Peoples in Myanmar/Burma – joint submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review, March 2015
Individual Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review, March 2015
23rd Session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council, November 2015
The peace process in Burma's Chin State: Better prospects for human rights protection? October 2014
Thematic Briefing: the state of freedom of religion or belief for Chin in Burma 2013
A Constant State of Fear: the situation facing Chin refugee women and children in New Delhi, Mar 2014
A Constant State of Fear
CHRO intervention at the UN Forum on Minority Issues in Geneva, November 2013
Statement of the Chin Human Rights Organization on the human rights situation of the Chin, an ethnic and religious minority in Burma to the European Parliament Subcommittee on Human Rights
on the human rights situation of the Chin, an ethnic and religious minority in Burma to the European Parliament Subcommittee on Human Rights
Click here to read full report
ADVOCACY BRIEFING: Human rights violations perpetrated against the Chin in Burma March 2011
Click here to read full report.
Overview of the Right to Education for the Chins in Burma
Overview_of_the_Right_to_Education_for_the_Chins_in_Burma_CHRO.pdf
According to 2008 figures from the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), there are 109,334 students in Chin State, making up a fifth of the total population of 533,047 in the State.[1] The same statistics show that there are 4,777 teaching staff in Chin State. This means that in theory there is an average of one teacher for every 22 students. However, this is generally not the case especially in rural areas where up to 200 students share a single teacher.[2] Understaffing is a major impediment to access to quality education in the rural areas, which comprise the larger portion of Chin State. In many areas, one school is shared by up to four to five villages in the area.
With only 49 high schools, there is no higher learning institution such as college or university in Chin State. High school graduates must continue their higher education outside of Chin State, an added barrier to educational access for Chin students, as well as, a financial burden for parents with one or more students studying in colleges or universities.
1. Banning of the use and teaching of Chin language in official government schools
Since 1990, teaching of Chin language as a separate subject in primary schools has been banned. Prior to 1988, Chin language was allowed to be taught up to the 4th grade as part of the official curriculum. However, only Burmese is allowed as the medium of communication in school since 1990. Informal primary schools set up by communities in the rural areas which provided learning in Chin language have also been banned since 1998.[3] The only alternative avenue for learning Chin language is the Christian churches, which discreetly run informal classes for Chin children out of the church buildings. However, these kinds of programs are only possible in major towns where the congregations are big enough to be able to provide volunteer teachers, as well as, financially support such initiatives.[4] The restrictions on the use and learning of Chin language has meant that a higher percentage of Chin youths are not able to read or write in their own language.[5] This also means that Chin children are losing part of their culture and traditions that go hand-in-hand with the use and learning of their language.
2. Educational Incentives to Promote Buddhism
The State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) openly use state resources to promote Buddhism through the Ministry for Development of Border Areas and National Races and Municipal Affairs, or Na- Ta- La, the commonly used Burmese acronym.
In southern Chin State's Kanpalet Township the ministry is running a school (Border Areas Ethnic Youth Development Training School), which is separate from the regular public school system. Students wishing to attend the school are required to convert to Buddhism and are accorded free school fees, uniforms and monthly rations.
Since July this year, U Hung Om head of the Na-Ta-La school, has been telling young people [high school male students] to change what's written on their identity card from Christian to Buddhism. If they change their religion on their ID card they will get a school uniform for free, a monthly rice and lentil ration.[6]
The SPDC is also providing full scholarships for new Buddhist converts to attend a high school in Mandalay. Graduates of this school are eligible for automatic placement as head or deputy heads of the various government departments at the township level. A senior pastor from Kanpalet recently interviewed by CHRO explains:
They [the SPDC/Na-Ta-La] are basically trying to convert young people to Buddhism. These students who convert are sent to the school and then as soon as they graduate they are given a position with the local authorities. If you carry an ID card that says you are a Christian, it's very difficult to get a job. But Buddhists enjoy all the advantages. Even though the Buddhist and Christian populations are more or less equal in number in our area, they are getting these positions and will dominate all the positions of power in our area. Therefore we will face increasing discrimination.[7]
3. Impediments to Access to Education
(a) Grossly inadequate salary for teachers
In addition to problems with understaffing, teachers are grossly inadequately paid. Teachers must find other alternative means to supplement their income. In Chin State, the monthly salary for a high school headmaster is between 64,000 – 80,000 Kyats (64 – 80 USD), depending on length of service; high school teacher is between 59,000 – 64,000 Kyats (59-64 USD); middle school teachers 53,000 – 59,000 Kyats (53-59 USD); and primary school teachers 47,000 – 53,000 kyats (47-53 USD) respectively. The Township Education Officer, in charge of the education department in a township, earns 100,000 Kyats per month (100 USD). [8] On the other hand, one 50kg sack of rice costs as much as 35,000 Kyats in the state capital Hakha.[9] To help meet the teachers' basic needs, some schools resort to collecting compulsory extra fees from students for additional classes after the normal school hours, which usually cover important aspects of the curriculum. In a high school at Rih sub-town of Falam Township, for example, the each student was required to pay 2000 Kyats per month beginning in the 2008-2009 academic calendar year.[10] One parent said:
It is a big extra burden for the parents if they have multiple children attending school. This program has little to do with academic. It is because the teachers need a side income since they cannot survive on their meager salaries.[11]
In Thantlang Township, arbitrarily-set high admission fees prevented many school students from enrolling. Beginning from the 2006-2007 academic calendar year, the Township Education Officer had imposed an admission fee of 3500 kyats for each high school student, 3000 Kyats for middle school student and 2000 Kyats for primary level students. When added with the costs of school uniforms and books, each student spent about 20,000 Kyats (20 USD) per year.[12]
Government employees in Chin State, including teachers, also face arbitrary taxation or pay cuts.
2 March 2009: Government employees in Chin State have their meager monthly salary cut for as much as 7000 to 8000 Kyats each month. Although unofficial, the cut in salary is affecting all public employees in the State, making it even more difficult for families of government employees to make ends meet. Not practiced in any other States or Divisions within Burma, the monthly salary cut in Chin State is meant to cover the costs of 'entertainment activities' for visiting 'junta dignitaries' as well as to cover the cost of procuring Jatropha [a type of bio-fuel] and tea seedlings.[13]
(b) Use of students as forced laborers/porters
One of the major impediments to access to education is the Burma Army's total disregard for students' educational welfare. Burma army units have regularly used students and children as young as those still in primary school for portering and other forms of forced labor. This typically happens at harvest time, when villagers are away working in their fields and no adults are available to fulfill forced labour demands.
September 2008: Students studying at a Government High School of Rih sub-town are regularly forced to fence an army camp or work at government-run Jatropha plantations. The forced labor practice using the students started since September of 2008 and happens on every weekend since. Students are threatened with failing their exams for failure to show up at work, and are caned by the headmaster of the school at the school assembly on every Monday.[14]
On 15 July 2005, Sergeant Tin Soe, Burma army stationary camp commander of Lailenpi army camp, Matupit Township from Light Infantry Battalion 305, conscripted 10 primary school students and five government employees to carry army ration supplies for a 12-mile distance. They were forced to carry 10 tins of rice, 10 bottles of cooking oil, 15 Kg of fish paste and 7 Kg of dried chili.[15]
On 2 August, 2005, Sergeant Thein Win, commander of Sabawngte army outpost from Matupi-based Light Infantry Battalion (304) ordered 18 Sabawngte villagers including 5 teenage girls to transport army goods.[16]
On July 24, 2004, Captain Myo Min Naing of Burma army Light Infantry Battalion 274 forced 21 high school students, including several girls from Sabawngpi High School in Matupi Township to carry army goods and supplies between Sabawngpi and Sabawngte village.[17]
While the Burmese soldiers are mainly responsible for compelling students to perform forced labor, the regime's township level administrations have also been directly involved in exacting involuntary labor involving students.
An order by U Sai Maung, Chairman of the Tedim Township Peace and Development Council in July 2005 compelled students to perform forced labor to work at government-run tea plantation. Those students who failed to perform the forced labor duty were fined 500 Kyats.[18]
(c) Conscription into the Burma army & militia service
The Burma Army often targets youths and high school students for conscription into the army, as well as, the civilian militia or 'voluntary firemen.'
In June 2010, CHRO received information about three underage soldiers and several soldiers who are now aged 18, but were underage at the time of their recruitment, currently serving in Light Infantry Battalion 268 based in the Falam area.[19]
Electoral Process Marred by Human Rights Violations in Chin State
Click the link for PDF version or scroll down for text
CHRO_briefing_-_Election_Conditions_in_Chin_State.pdf
Press Release on the briefing is also available here on PDF file
Burmas_electoral_process_marred_by_HRVs_in_Chin_State.pdf
Briefing: Election Conditions in Chin State
Elections-Related Human Rights Violations
a. Portering
During a trip to assess polling station locations and collect information to compile voter registration lists in the village tracts of Zahnak, Vanzang and Khualhring, a remote area of Thantlang township, a police chief and his subordinates from Thantlang town's police station ordered local villagers to carry their belongings. The villagers, from Ral Pel, Dawn, Lungding, Fung Kah and Zangtlang, were also forced to provide food during the trip. Two persons from each village were forced to porter for a day to the next village en route, starting from Dawn village on 7 October. The police chief also ordered local people to provide a horse for him to ride from Zangtlang village.[1]
b. Forced Relocation
On 13 September, the Township Peace and Development Council in Hakha, the capital of Chin State, issued an order to 57 local government staff and their families to move out of state-owned houses in Chin Oo Si block. No new accommodation was provided and the families were given just one week to comply, or face a fine of 10,000 kyats ($10) for every day that they overstayed past the deadline. The relocation order was apparently to make way for 40 newly-recruited staff, tasked with working on the elections.[2]
c. Property commandeered
On 26 September, the Director of Education, the head of the Land Registry department and the Chairman of Thantlang Peace and Development Council commandeered a jeep owned by U Pa Luai from Thantlang, without offering him any compensation. Using the jeep, they transported three ballot boxes and other election materials to Tlangpi village, where they gave training on the election.[3]
Freedom of opinion
a. Forced to join the Union Solidarity and Development Party
In June, A local resident reported that he was summoned to a meeting by the Secretary of his local ward council, Lawngvan. His photograph was taken, and he was issued a Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) membership card without his consultation or consent. In total, local authorities from Matupi township selected 60 residents from each ward of Matupi town, and forced them to join the USDP.[4]
Also in June, the Chairman of Falam Township Peace and Development Council issued an order that one person from every household in Falam town must join the USDP. When local people tried to defy the order, they were threatened with punishment.[5]
b. Army checkpoint designated polling station in Falam town
An army checkpoint in Cinmual ward, Falam town has been designated as a polling station, raising fears that voters will face intimidation from soldiers as they try and cast their votes on 7 November.[6]
Election Preparations
a. Inadequate number of polling stations
According to the Polling Officials' Manual issued by the Union Election Commission, one polling station should be established per 300 registered voters. In Kalay township, Sagaing Division there are 60 Chin villages, which are home to 76,000 ethnic Chin registered voters. There are another 110,000 Burmese voters, making a total of 186,000 registered voters in the area. However, there are only 151 designated polling stations, making an average of more than 1,200 voters per polling station, four times as many as issued in the UEC guidelines. In Tat Oo Thida and Buda wards in Kalay town, there are 2 polling stations to accommodate 4,079 registered voters, and in Tahan ward three polling stations for 5,604 registered voters. This raises the possibility of overcrowding and lack of secrecy on polling day.[7]
b. Arbitrary designation and punishment of polling officials
In Thantlang township local government employees, including school teachers, have been arbitrarily designated as polling officials and required to attend training without financial compensation or travel allowance. In Tlangpi village, Thantlang township, eight middle school teachers who are designated polling officials did not receive their salary in September. This was apparently as punishment because the headmaster of their school, a designated chief polling officer, failed to attend the training conducted by the township election commission.[8]
c. Advance voting
In Tedim township, polling officials recently visited the homes of elderly residents who will be unable to go to polling stations on 7 November, in order to carry out advance voting. In violation of the secret ballot, the elderly were required to inform polling officials of the party of their choice, who then marked their ballot papers accordingly on their behalf, and sealed them in an envelope.[9]
In Chin State, nine different parties are fielding a total of 146 candidates in Sunday's elections, for the Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House), Amyotha Hluttaw (Upper House), and Pyine Hluttaw (State Assembly). The parties are:
Candidates for the Pyithu Hluttaw
Candidates for the Amyotha Hluttaw
Candidates for the Pyine Hluttaw
Total number of candidates
Union Solidarity and Development Party
National Unity Party
Chin Progressive Party
Chin National Party
Union Democratic Party
National Democratic Force
United Myanmar Federation of National Politics
Mro (or) Khami National Solidarity Organization
National Democratic Party for Development
Economic Barriers to Participation
Chin State is one of the most underdeveloped and isolated regions in Burma, with little in the way of road infrastructure, communication systems, healthcare facilities, electricity or running water. 70 percent of the Chin people live below the poverty line; and 40 percent are without adequate food sources[10]. Each candidate had to pay a registration fee of 500,000 kyats ($500) in order to be able to contest in the elections, a significant sum given that the Gross National Income per capita in Burma is around $220.[11] Given the economic situation in Chin State, this fee posed a particular barrier to participation. In addition, parties were given just two weeks to register their candidates.
[1] Rhododendron News, Sep – Oct 2010, CHRO.
[2] Families Forced to Move Out in Election Preparations, Chinland Guardian, 29 September 2010.
[6] CHRO, 1 November 2010.
[10] "Humanitarian Situation UPDATE April 2007", Office of the UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Myanmar, 2007.
[11] UNICEF, 2008.


Beneficial Ideas While Meeting With Chapter 11 Attorneys – Clan 311!
To pick a lawyer is one expected step to take if you got troubles with financial problems like bankruptcy. You do not choose immediately anyway because you still need to get to know such professionals first. There are lots of things for you to observe during that meeting too until you actually spend time there properly and that no regrets would be encountered. Who you will be working with must be familiar to you actually.
Maybe you established such meetings wrongly like arriving unprepared and not even asking about the essential questions. Hear out beneficial ideas while meeting with chapter 11 Oakland attorneys. Making smart decisions is highly significant on this matter until the legal process does not cause too much stress on your part. In achieving this carefully, quickly, and professionally, the chance of success gets high already.
Call the attorney first and schedule for a meeting. It is best you call instead of visiting randomly so that you will not arrive there when such lawyer is still busy with something perhaps or that they are unavailable. With appointments involved, you are given the right time on when to discuss the matters properly. Be sure you arrive on the expected time since you requested for that session anyway.
Arriving while being prepared is a must. That means you stay professional like arriving earlier than the expected schedule. Another idea is to bring along your important documents which might be asked from you. They surely tell you about the paperwork before arriving. Bringing all the essential files would mean you never have to go back home and get those.
Be direct to the point. When asked by such attorney, you give the answers directly instead of making alibis or just giving answers without substance. Being truthful is even significant so do not be scared in telling the truth regarding financial matters and the like. Once you participate well along the way, it likely ends earlier than you expected it to be.
There are times when you already feel that such person is highly reliable and useful during the overall process but you still need to reconsider the budget. Maybe all is well except the needed money on your case. You surely have to ask about how much must be charged after getting their aid. Observe if such person is somehow overcharging which explains why doing some background research is helpful on your part for confirmation.
Review the contract involved. The contract signing process is another factor to expect and it must be clear and understandable. If something is questionable, raise such questions right away for clarifications. Never just sign something that is confusing since it can possibly put you in a burden someday.
To avoid wasting time, listing down the questions you need to inquire about is good. That way, you use that as your guide in knowing stuff. Sometimes you forget things easily while talking so you can no longer lose your direction with the list involved.
Balance time on how you finalize your decision. Never make it to the point wherein it gets too late for you pick already which likely occurs if you are too choosy or that you caused delays. Another aspect to prevent is choosing quickly since you probably have not thought on certain considerations of your option that way.


Hi, can some one explain to me the steps to get out a .bin file from ICE?
The real flow documents are a bit confusing on that part.
Do you used the XSI Cache manager or the .bin exporter in the ice tree?
How does the .bin exporter hook up to an ice tree? does it just go into the execute port?
Does the animation have to be plotted first then cached?
Any info would be helpful, thanks.


How wonderful is this! The Alberta Union of Provincial Employees (AUPE) has launched an email campaign in defense of postsecondary education in Alberta.
There have been a lot of distractions with the developments in postsecondary education since the Government's budget speech of March 7th, but the simple fact remains: the Government's cuts of $147 million to Alberta's 26 postsecondary institutions are on a scale seen only twice before in Alberta's history, and they make no sense for Canada's richest province. They make especially little sense at a time in world history where an increasingly complex globe requires that as many of us as possible be thinking and researching our way towards solving local and global problems while equipping this generation of Albertans to play powerful, shaping roles in the twenty-first century. As the University's Provost noted in an interview with University Affairs earlier in the week, other countries (Asian countries, especially) are making heavy investments in postsecondary education.
The Government of Alberta needs to invest in, not cut, postsecondary education in Alberta.
To participate in AUPE's campaign, go to albertapostsecondary.com.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged alberta postsecondary education, alison redford, aupe, aupe "stop the attack on postsecondary", government of alberta, thomas lukaszuk. Bookmark the permalink.
Interesting that I found this so far after the publication. May 13 was my lay-off date. Is there a conversation on this subject somewhere? What I find interesting is previous publicity on Alberta needing skilled and willing people to move to high priced isolated locations only to abandon them on some crazy whim. Good money or not, an unstable employment environment is not one that highly trained people will give up stability for. Even if that stability is underpaid, it beats the cowboy economics of a temporary work camp–did that when I was kid and lived out of the back of a van and not a $400,000 house in some backwater without even a bookstore.


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EUROPE captain Thomas Bjorn and USA skipper Jim Furyk have named their pairings for the foursomes.
The alternate shot format is the second session of day two at the Ryder Cup.
And there was more bad news for Phil Mickelson who was dropped AGAIN.
He and Bryson De Chambeau were hammered 5&4 by Sergio Garcia and Alex Noren in yesterday afternoon's foursomes.
Here are the confirmed groupings for the afternoon play at Le Golf National.


text:
City of Eden Prairie
News Calendar Employment Community Center Eden Prairie Liquor
City Docs
2020 U.S. Census
About Eden Prairie
Adult Athletic Teams
Arts, Music and Theater
City Maps and GIS
Parks, Trails, Recreation
Sustainable Eden Prairie
Skate with Your Date
02/07/2020 8:00 p.m. - 10:00 p.m.
Senior Center Valentine's Day Breakfast
02/14/2020 9:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m.
Parks and Recreation Part-time/Seasonal Job Fair
02/17/2020 5:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m.
Flying Cloud Airport
Southwest LRT
Eden Prairie Liquor
Public Safety Training Facility
Round Lake Skate Plaza
Start/Stop Utilities
About Eden Prairie-
City Award Programs
Eden Prairie History
Hennepin County EMS
Recreational Fire Guidelines
Social Services in Eden Prairie
Southwest Community Television
State and Federal Officials
In 2010 MONEY magazine named Eden Prairie the #1 Best Place to Live in America, and the City has now occupied the top three spots on MONEY's list.
Eden Prairie is located in close proximity to the Minneapolis–St. Paul metro area providing a perfect balance of small town feel and big city amenities.
The City received its name in the mid-1800s when it was considered a 'garden spot' in the newly developed Minnesota territory. Established in 1858, Eden Prairie remained a sleepy pastoral village until the mid-1900s when the additions of Flying Cloud Airport and Highway 494 put the City on the map, bringing thousands of homes and businesses to the area. Since then, the population of Eden Prairie has grown to more than 62,000 and the number of businesses has multiplied to more than 2,800.
Eden Prairie provides an ideal environment for living well. In addition to attractive residential neighborhoods and affordable housing options, the City boasts nearly 10,000 acres of land designated for parks and open spaces, miles of scenic views and a multitude of breathtaking lakes and beaches.
With a multitude of award-winning restaurants, a super-regional shopping center, top-ranked schools and a myriad of entertainment and lifestyle options, it's no wonder 95% of residents rate the quality of life in Eden Prairie above average in the City's biennial Quality of Life Survey.
Whether you come for a visit or stay for a lifetime, the City of Eden Prairie is a welcoming community with a thriving economy, and is truly a great place to Live, Work and Dream!
MONEY magazine's video showcasing Eden Prairie in 2012
8080 Mitchell Road
Hearing-Impaired Line
Calendar	Community Center	Eden Prairie Liquor	Employment	EPPD Blog	FAQ	News	Sustainable Eden Prairie
City Docs	EP Bill Pay	EP See Click Fix	Licenses and Permits	Polco Polling	Register for Programs	Streaming Video	Subscribe to City News
© 2020 City of Eden Prairie | Website Design by Granicus - Connecting People and Government


Sterling trading below $1.29 having been above $1.43 in April, with the euro back above 90 pence. A weaker currency is negative; the 15% post #Brexit fall in trade weighted terms hurt UK consumers more than it benefitted exports.
Newsflash: The euro has risen over 90p against the pound for the first time since last autumn.
Jordan Rochester of Japanese bank Nomura predicts the pound will keep falling ahead of the next crunch EU summit in October - when Theresa May will try to persuade leaders to back her 'Chequers' deal.
Ouch! The pound just fell through $1.29 for the first time since August 2017.
UK holidaymakers heading to Europe this summer just suffered a blow.
The pound has weakened against the euro to its lowest level since last November, meaning trips across the channel have become a little more expensive.
Sterling fell as low as €1.1129, down 0.25% today.
Sterling has dropped to a new 11-month low against the US dollar, at $1.2909, and is also weaker against the yen and the Swiss franc.
The pound has been under pressure this week, after trade secretary Liam Fox claimed that Britain was likely to leave the EU without a deal.
Christophe Barraud, an economist at Market Securities brokerage in Paris, has told Reuters that firms are trying to protect themselves from a sterling crisis.
ANZ senior China economist Betty Wang agrees that Chinese factories have benefitted from the weaker yuan - even if Beijing hasn't been fighting a currency war.
Chinese FX reserves rise slightly to $3.118 trillion in July ... despite the yuan falling 3% in the month.
China's stock market suffered losses today, after America finalised its plans for tariffs on another $16bn of exports.
The Shanghai composite index fell by 1.2%, as traders worried that the trade war keeps ratcheting up.
If the US was hoping that its $34bn opening salvo of tariffs would have an effect on Chinese exports this morning's China trade numbers would have been a disappointment to them.
Chinese exports for July saw a rise of 12.2% up from 11.2% in June, supporting the premise that for the moment we seem to be in a bit of a phoney war. We also saw a big rise in imports of 27.3% showing that domestic demand remains quite strong.
China's trade surplus with America remained close to a record high in July, despite the trade dispute.
China's closely watched surplus with the United States dipped only slightly to $28.09 billion last month from a record $28.97 billion in June. Washington has long criticised China's trade surplus with the United States and has demanded Beijing cut it.
America has fired another shot in the deepening trade dispute with China.
Overnight, Washington said it would impose a 25% tariff on $16bn of Chinese imports, taking the total amount being targeted to $50bn.
The new levy will come into force on August 23rd, and will apply to 279 product types. It mostly affects industrial products, such as machinery, chemicals and semiconductors. Motorcycles and railway cars also feature.
China directs and unfairly facilitates the systematic investment in, and acquisition of, U.S. companies and assets to generate large-scale technology transfer".
China is likely to retaliate soon, escalating the dispute that has been rumbling for weeks.
But... China may not be suffering from the trade war yet. Data released this morning shows that the country's exports jumped 12.2% year-on-year in July, beating expectations.
Imports surged by a sparkling 27.3% - meaning China's trade surplus shrank during the month to $28bn (from over $41bn in June).
This is significant, as America's first wave of tariffs (on $34bn of Chinese goods) began in early July. Those tariffs have been blamed for a drop in German factory orders, but today's figures suggest China's economy is holding firm.
Of course, it's still early days. Global trade, like the massive container ships it relies on, changes course slowly. Plus, China's manufacturers may be benefitting from the country's weaker currency, given the yuan has fallen pretty steadily recently to a 13-month low.
Adjusting for seasonality and price effects, we estimate that export volumes were essentially flat in July. Shipments to the US did weaken slightly, which suggests the tariffs had some impact.
But this was offset by stronger exports to the rest of the world, most likely buoyed by the weaker renminbi.


Consumer Action has assisted a Somali woman to file a complaint relating to education software, iTutor Learning Systems. The software was sold to the woman in her home by a salesperson representing Victorian Tutoring Services. Educollect Pty Ltd then took over the agreement from Victorian Tutoring Services. Our client alleges that the iTutor Learning System's services were not provided with due care and skill, and that Victorian Tutoring Services engaged in unconscionable conduct as well as misleading and deceptive conduct during the sales process.


A research group with members including Porsche and BMW has unveiled a new 450 kW charging station prototype in Germany (via New Atlas), which has a capacity of three times that of Tesla's existing Superchargers. Supplying that much power means that the new station, built by the FastCharge research group, could supply around 100 km (62 miles) of range in just three minutes, or charge a BMW i3 from 10 to 80 percent in 15 minutes.
In contrast, Tesla's Superchargers currently have a maximum capacity of 145 kW. However, FastCharge is unlikely to maintain this same lead for long: Tesla has already upgraded its network from 120 kW in the past, and it plans to increase the maximum capacity of its network to 250 kW next year.


text:
<?php
/**
 * WPSEO plugin file.
 *
 * @package WPSEO\Main
 */

if ( ! function_exists( 'add_filter' ) ) {
	header( 'Status: 403 Forbidden' );
	header( 'HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden' );
	exit();
}

/**
 * {@internal Nobody should be able to overrule the real version number as this can cause
 *            serious issues with the options, so no if ( ! defined() ).}}
 */
define( 'WPSEO_VERSION', '11.1' );

if ( ! defined( 'WPSEO_PATH' ) ) {
	define( 'WPSEO_PATH', plugin_dir_path( WPSEO_FILE ) );
}

if ( ! defined( 'WPSEO_BASENAME' ) ) {
	define( 'WPSEO_BASENAME', plugin_basename( WPSEO_FILE ) );
}

/*
 * {@internal The prefix constants are used to build prefixed versions of dependencies.
 *            These should not be changed on run-time, thus missing the ! defined() check.}}
 */
define( 'YOAST_VENDOR_NS_PREFIX', 'YoastSEO_Vendor' );
define( 'YOAST_VENDOR_DEFINE_PREFIX', 'YOASTSEO_VENDOR__' );
define( 'YOAST_VENDOR_PREFIX_DIRECTORY', 'vendor_prefixed' );

if ( ! defined( 'WPSEO_NAMESPACES' ) ) {
	if ( version_compare( phpversion(), '5.3', '>=' ) ) {
		define( 'WPSEO_NAMESPACES', true );
	}
	else {
		define( 'WPSEO_NAMESPACES', false );
	}
}

/* ***************************** CLASS AUTOLOADING *************************** */

/**
 * Autoload our class files.
 *
 * @param string $class Class name.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function wpseo_auto_load( $class ) {
	static $classes = null;

	if ( $classes === null ) {
		$classes = array(
			'wp_list_table'   => ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/class-wp-list-table.php',
			'walker_category' => ABSPATH . 'wp-includes/category-template.php',
		);
	}

	$cn = strtolower( $class );

	if ( ! class_exists( $class ) && isset( $classes[ $cn ] ) ) {
		require_once $classes[ $cn ];
	}
}

$yoast_autoload_file = WPSEO_PATH . 'vendor/autoload_52.php';
if ( version_compare( phpversion(), '5.6', '>=' ) ) {
	$yoast_autoload_file = WPSEO_PATH . 'vendor/autoload.php';
}

if ( is_readable( $yoast_autoload_file ) ) {
	require $yoast_autoload_file;
}
elseif ( ! class_exists( 'WPSEO_Options' ) ) { // Still checking since might be site-level autoload R.
	add_action( 'admin_init', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_autoload', 1 );

	return;
}

if ( function_exists( 'spl_autoload_register' ) ) {
	spl_autoload_register( 'wpseo_auto_load' );
}

/* ********************* DEFINES DEPENDING ON AUTOLOADED CODE ********************* */

/**
 * Defaults to production, for safety.
 */
if ( ! defined( 'YOAST_ENVIRONMENT' ) ) {
	define( 'YOAST_ENVIRONMENT', 'production' );
}

/**
 * Only use minified assets when we are in a production environment.
 */
if ( ! defined( 'WPSEO_CSSJS_SUFFIX' ) ) {
	define( 'WPSEO_CSSJS_SUFFIX', ( 'development' !== YOAST_ENVIRONMENT ) ? '.min' : '' );
}

/* ***************************** PLUGIN (DE-)ACTIVATION *************************** */

/**
 * Run single site / network-wide activation of the plugin.
 *
 * @param bool $networkwide Whether the plugin is being activated network-wide.
 */
function wpseo_activate( $networkwide = false ) {
	if ( ! is_multisite() || ! $networkwide ) {
		_wpseo_activate();
	}
	else {
		/* Multi-site network activation - activate the plugin for all blogs. */
		wpseo_network_activate_deactivate( true );
	}
}

/**
 * Run single site / network-wide de-activation of the plugin.
 *
 * @param bool $networkwide Whether the plugin is being de-activated network-wide.
 */
function wpseo_deactivate( $networkwide = false ) {
	if ( ! is_multisite() || ! $networkwide ) {
		_wpseo_deactivate();
	}
	else {
		/* Multi-site network activation - de-activate the plugin for all blogs. */
		wpseo_network_activate_deactivate( false );
	}
}

/**
 * Run network-wide (de-)activation of the plugin.
 *
 * @param bool $activate True for plugin activation, false for de-activation.
 */
function wpseo_network_activate_deactivate( $activate = true ) {
	global $wpdb;

	$network_blogs = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT blog_id FROM $wpdb->blogs WHERE site_id = %d", $wpdb->siteid ) );

	if ( is_array( $network_blogs ) && $network_blogs !== array() ) {
		foreach ( $network_blogs as $blog_id ) {
			switch_to_blog( $blog_id );

			if ( $activate === true ) {
				_wpseo_activate();
			}
			else {
				_wpseo_deactivate();
			}

			restore_current_blog();
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Runs on activation of the plugin.
 */
function _wpseo_activate() {
	require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/wpseo-functions.php';
	require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/class-wpseo-installation.php';

	wpseo_load_textdomain(); // Make sure we have our translations available for the defaults.

	new WPSEO_Installation();

	WPSEO_Options::get_instance();
	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		WPSEO_Options::initialize();
	}
	else {
		WPSEO_Options::maybe_set_multisite_defaults( true );
	}
	WPSEO_Options::ensure_options_exist();

	if ( is_multisite() && ms_is_switched() ) {
		delete_option( 'rewrite_rules' );
	}
	else {
		$wpseo_rewrite = new WPSEO_Rewrite();
		$wpseo_rewrite->schedule_flush();
	}

	do_action( 'wpseo_register_roles' );
	WPSEO_Role_Manager_Factory::get()->add();

	do_action( 'wpseo_register_capabilities' );
	WPSEO_Capability_Manager_Factory::get()->add();

	// Clear cache so the changes are obvious.
	WPSEO_Utils::clear_cache();

	// Create the text link storage table.
	$link_installer = new WPSEO_Link_Installer();
	$link_installer->install();

	// Trigger reindex notification.
	$notifier = new WPSEO_Link_Notifier();
	$notifier->manage_notification();

	// Schedule cronjob when it doesn't exists on activation.
	$wpseo_onpage = new WPSEO_OnPage();
	$wpseo_onpage->activate_hooks();

	do_action( 'wpseo_activate' );
}
/**
 * On deactivation, flush the rewrite rules so XML sitemaps stop working.
 */
function _wpseo_deactivate() {
	require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/wpseo-functions.php';

	if ( is_multisite() && ms_is_switched() ) {
		delete_option( 'rewrite_rules' );
	}
	else {
		add_action( 'shutdown', 'flush_rewrite_rules' );
	}

	// Register capabilities, to make sure they are cleaned up.
	do_action( 'wpseo_register_roles' );
	do_action( 'wpseo_register_capabilities' );

	// Clean up capabilities.
	WPSEO_Role_Manager_Factory::get()->remove();
	WPSEO_Capability_Manager_Factory::get()->remove();

	// Clear cache so the changes are obvious.
	WPSEO_Utils::clear_cache();

	do_action( 'wpseo_deactivate' );
}

/**
 * Run wpseo activation routine on creation / activation of a multisite blog if WPSEO is activated
 * network-wide.
 *
 * Will only be called by multisite actions.
 *
 * {@internal Unfortunately will fail if the plugin is in the must-use directory.
 *            {@link https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/24205} }}
 *
 * @param int|WP_Site $blog_id Blog ID.
 */
function wpseo_on_activate_blog( $blog_id ) {
	if ( ! function_exists( 'is_plugin_active_for_network' ) ) {
		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
	}

	if ( $blog_id instanceof WP_Site ) {
		$blog_id = (int) $blog_id->blog_id;
	}

	if ( is_plugin_active_for_network( plugin_basename( WPSEO_FILE ) ) ) {
		switch_to_blog( $blog_id );
		wpseo_activate( false );
		restore_current_blog();
	}
}

/* ***************************** PLUGIN LOADING *************************** */

/**
 * Load translations.
 */
function wpseo_load_textdomain() {
	$wpseo_path = str_replace( '\\', '/', WPSEO_PATH );
	$mu_path    = str_replace( '\\', '/', WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR );

	if ( false !== stripos( $wpseo_path, $mu_path ) ) {
		load_muplugin_textdomain( 'wordpress-seo', dirname( WPSEO_BASENAME ) . '/languages/' );
	}
	else {
		load_plugin_textdomain( 'wordpress-seo', false, dirname( WPSEO_BASENAME ) . '/languages/' );
	}
}

add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_load_textdomain' );

/**
 * On plugins_loaded: load the minimum amount of essential files for this plugin.
 */
function wpseo_init() {
	require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/wpseo-functions.php';
	require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/wpseo-functions-deprecated.php';

	// Make sure our option and meta value validation routines and default values are always registered and available.
	WPSEO_Options::get_instance();
	WPSEO_Meta::init();

	if ( version_compare( WPSEO_Options::get( 'version', 1 ), WPSEO_VERSION, '<' ) ) {
		if ( function_exists( 'opcache_reset' ) ) {
			@opcache_reset();
		}

		new WPSEO_Upgrade();
		// Get a cleaned up version of the $options.
	}

	if ( WPSEO_Options::get( 'stripcategorybase' ) === true ) {
		$GLOBALS['wpseo_rewrite'] = new WPSEO_Rewrite();
	}

	if ( WPSEO_Options::get( 'enable_xml_sitemap' ) === true ) {
		$GLOBALS['wpseo_sitemaps'] = new WPSEO_Sitemaps();
	}

	if ( ! defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) || ! DOING_AJAX ) {
		require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'inc/wpseo-non-ajax-functions.php';
	}

	// Init it here because the filter must be present on the frontend as well or it won't work in the customizer.
	new WPSEO_Customizer();

	/*
	 * Initializes the link watcher for both the frontend and backend.
	 * Required to process scheduled items properly.
	 */
	$link_watcher = new WPSEO_Link_Watcher_Loader();
	$link_watcher->load();

	$integrations   = array();
	$integrations[] = new WPSEO_Slug_Change_Watcher();
	$integrations[] = new WPSEO_Structured_Data_Blocks();
	$integrations[] = new WPSEO_Courses_Overview();

	foreach ( $integrations as $integration ) {
		$integration->register_hooks();
	}

	// Loading Ryte integration.
	$wpseo_onpage = new WPSEO_OnPage();
	$wpseo_onpage->register_hooks();

	// When namespaces are not available, stop further execution.
	if ( version_compare( PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '>=' ) ) {
		require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'src/loaders/indexable.php';
		// require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'src/loaders/oauth.php'; Temporarily disabled.
	}
}

/**
 * Loads the rest api endpoints.
 */
function wpseo_init_rest_api() {
	// We can't do anything when requirements are not met.
	if ( ! WPSEO_Utils::is_api_available() ) {
		return;
	}

	// Boot up REST API.
	$configuration_service = new WPSEO_Configuration_Service();
	$configuration_service->initialize();

	$ryte_endpoint_service = new WPSEO_Ryte_Service( new WPSEO_OnPage_Option() );
	$statistics_service    = new WPSEO_Statistics_Service( new WPSEO_Statistics() );

	$endpoints   = array();
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Link_Reindex_Post_Endpoint( new WPSEO_Link_Reindex_Post_Service() );
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Endpoint_Ryte( $ryte_endpoint_service );
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Endpoint_Indexable( new WPSEO_Indexable_Service() );
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Endpoint_File_Size( new WPSEO_File_Size_Service() );
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Endpoint_Statistics( $statistics_service );
	$endpoints[] = new WPSEO_Endpoint_MyYoast_Connect();

	/** @var WPSEO_Endpoint[] $endpoints */
	foreach ( $endpoints as $endpoint ) {
		$endpoint->register();
	}
}

/**
 * Used to load the required files on the plugins_loaded hook, instead of immediately.
 */
function wpseo_frontend_init() {
	add_action( 'init', 'initialize_wpseo_front' );

	if ( WPSEO_Options::get( 'breadcrumbs-enable' ) === true ) {
		/**
		 * If breadcrumbs are active (which they supposedly are if the users has enabled this settings,
		 * there's no reason to have bbPress breadcrumbs as well.
		 *
		 * {@internal The class itself is only loaded when the template tag is encountered
		 *            via the template tag function in the wpseo-functions.php file.}}
		 */
		add_filter( 'bbp_get_breadcrumb', '__return_false' );
	}

	add_action( 'template_redirect', 'wpseo_frontend_head_init', 999 );
}

/**
 * Instantiate the different social classes on the frontend.
 */
function wpseo_frontend_head_init() {
	if ( WPSEO_Options::get( 'twitter' ) === true ) {
		add_action( 'wpseo_head', array( 'WPSEO_Twitter', 'get_instance' ), 40 );
	}

	if ( WPSEO_Options::get( 'opengraph' ) === true ) {
		$GLOBALS['wpseo_og'] = new WPSEO_OpenGraph();
	}
}

/**
 * Used to load the required files on the plugins_loaded hook, instead of immediately.
 */
function wpseo_admin_init() {
	new WPSEO_Admin_Init();
}

/**
 * Initialize the WP-CLI integration.
 *
 * The WP-CLI integration needs PHP 5.3 support, which should be automatically
 * enforced by the check for the WP_CLI constant. As WP-CLI itself only runs
 * on PHP 5.3+, the constant should only be set when requirements are met.
 */
function wpseo_cli_init() {
	if ( WPSEO_Utils::is_yoast_seo_premium() ) {
		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect list',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_List_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);

		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect create',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Create_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);

		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect update',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Update_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);

		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect delete',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Delete_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);

		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect has',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Has_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);

		WP_CLI::add_command(
			'yoast redirect follow',
			'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Follow_Command',
			array( 'before_invoke' => 'WPSEO_CLI_Premium_Requirement::enforce' )
		);
	}

	// Only add the namespace if the required base class exists (WP-CLI 1.5.0+).
	// This is optional and only adds the description of the root `yoast`
	// command.
	if ( class_exists( 'WP_CLI\Dispatcher\CommandNamespace' ) ) {
		WP_CLI::add_command( 'yoast', 'WPSEO_CLI_Yoast_Command_Namespace' );
		if ( WPSEO_Utils::is_yoast_seo_premium() ) {
			WP_CLI::add_command( 'yoast redirect', 'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Command_Namespace' );
		}
		else {
			WP_CLI::add_command( 'yoast redirect', 'WPSEO_CLI_Redirect_Upsell_Command_Namespace' );
		}
	}
}

/* ***************************** BOOTSTRAP / HOOK INTO WP *************************** */
$spl_autoload_exists = function_exists( 'spl_autoload_register' );
$filter_exists       = function_exists( 'filter_input' );

if ( ! $spl_autoload_exists ) {
	add_action( 'admin_init', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_spl', 1 );
}

if ( ! $filter_exists ) {
	add_action( 'admin_init', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_filter', 1 );
}

if ( ! wp_installing() && ( $spl_autoload_exists && $filter_exists ) ) {
	add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_init', 14 );
	add_action( 'rest_api_init', 'wpseo_init_rest_api' );

	if ( is_admin() ) {

		new Yoast_Alerts();

		$yoast_addon_manager = new WPSEO_Addon_Manager();
		$yoast_addon_manager->register_hooks();

		if ( defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) && DOING_AJAX ) {
			require_once WPSEO_PATH . 'admin/ajax.php';

			// Plugin conflict ajax hooks.
			new Yoast_Plugin_Conflict_Ajax();

			if ( filter_input( INPUT_POST, 'action' ) === 'inline-save' ) {
				add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_admin_init', 15 );
			}
		}
		else {
			add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_admin_init', 15 );
		}
	}
	else {
		add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_frontend_init', 15 );
	}

	add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'load_yoast_notifications' );

	if ( defined( 'WP_CLI' ) && WP_CLI ) {
		add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wpseo_cli_init', 20 );
	}

	add_filter( 'phpcompat_whitelist', 'yoast_free_phpcompat_whitelist' );
}

// Activation and deactivation hook.
register_activation_hook( WPSEO_FILE, 'wpseo_activate' );
register_deactivation_hook( WPSEO_FILE, 'wpseo_deactivate' );

// Wpmu_new_blog has been deprecated in 5.1 and replaced by wp_insert_site.
global $wp_version;
if ( version_compare( $wp_version, '5.1', '<' ) ) {
	add_action( 'wpmu_new_blog', 'wpseo_on_activate_blog' );
}
else {
	add_action( 'wp_initialize_site', 'wpseo_on_activate_blog', 99 );
}

add_action( 'activate_blog', 'wpseo_on_activate_blog' );

// Registers SEO capabilities.
$wpseo_register_capabilities = new WPSEO_Register_Capabilities();
$wpseo_register_capabilities->register_hooks();

// Registers SEO roles.
$wpseo_register_capabilities = new WPSEO_Register_Roles();
$wpseo_register_capabilities->register_hooks();

/**
 * Wraps for notifications center class.
 */
function load_yoast_notifications() {
	// Init Yoast_Notification_Center class.
	Yoast_Notification_Center::get();
}

/**
 * Throw an error if the PHP SPL extension is disabled (prevent white screens) and self-deactivate plugin.
 *
 * @since 1.5.4
 *
 * @return void
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_spl() {
	if ( is_admin() ) {
		add_action( 'admin_notices', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_spl_notice' );

		yoast_wpseo_self_deactivate();
	}
}

/**
 * Returns the notice in case of missing spl extension.
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_spl_notice() {
	$message = esc_html__( 'The Standard PHP Library (SPL) extension seem to be unavailable. Please ask your web host to enable it.', 'wordpress-seo' );
	yoast_wpseo_activation_failed_notice( $message );
}

/**
 * Throw an error if the Composer autoload is missing and self-deactivate plugin.
 *
 * @return void
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_autoload() {
	if ( is_admin() ) {
		add_action( 'admin_notices', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_autoload_notice' );

		yoast_wpseo_self_deactivate();
	}
}

/**
 * Returns the notice in case of missing Composer autoload.
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_autoload_notice() {
	/* translators: %1$s expands to Yoast SEO, %2$s / %3$s: links to the installation manual in the Readme for the Yoast SEO code repository on GitHub */
	$message = esc_html__( 'The %1$s plugin installation is incomplete. Please refer to %2$sinstallation instructions%3$s.', 'wordpress-seo' );
	$message = sprintf( $message, 'Yoast SEO', '', '' );
	yoast_wpseo_activation_failed_notice( $message );
}

/**
 * Throw an error if the filter extension is disabled (prevent white screens) and self-deactivate plugin.
 *
 * @since 2.0
 *
 * @return void
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_filter() {
	if ( is_admin() ) {
		add_action( 'admin_notices', 'yoast_wpseo_missing_filter_notice' );

		yoast_wpseo_self_deactivate();
	}
}

/**
 * Returns the notice in case of missing filter extension.
 */
function yoast_wpseo_missing_filter_notice() {
	$message = esc_html__( 'The filter extension seem to be unavailable. Please ask your web host to enable it.', 'wordpress-seo' );
	yoast_wpseo_activation_failed_notice( $message );
}

/**
 * Echo's the Activation failed notice with any given message.
 *
 * @param string $message Message string.
 */
function yoast_wpseo_activation_failed_notice( $message ) {
	echo '

' . esc_html__( 'Activation failed:', 'wordpress-seo' ) . ' ' . $message . '

';
}

/**
 * The method will deactivate the plugin, but only once, done by the static $is_deactivated.
 */
function yoast_wpseo_self_deactivate() {
	static $is_deactivated;

	if ( $is_deactivated === null ) {
		$is_deactivated = true;
		deactivate_plugins( plugin_basename( WPSEO_FILE ) );
		if ( isset( $_GET['activate'] ) ) {
			unset( $_GET['activate'] );
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Excludes specific files from php-compatibility-checker.
 *
 * @since 9.4
 *
 * @param array $ignored Array of ignored directories/files.
 *
 * @return array Array of ignored directories/files.
 */
function yoast_free_phpcompat_whitelist( $ignored ) {
	$path = '*/' . basename( WPSEO_PATH ) . '/';

	// To prevent: (warning) File has mixed line endings; this may cause incorrect results.
	$ignored[] = $path . 'vendor/ruckusing/lib/Ruckusing/FrameworkRunner.php';
	$ignored[] = $path . 'vendor_prefixed/ruckusing/lib/Ruckusing/FrameworkRunner.php';

	/*
	 * To prevent: (error) Extension 'sqlite' is removed since PHP 5.4.
	 * Ignoring because we are not using the sqlite functionality.
	 */
	$ignored[] = $path . 'vendor/ruckusing/lib/Ruckusing/Adapter/Sqlite3/Base.php';
	$ignored[] = $path . 'vendor_prefixed/ruckusing/lib/Ruckusing/Adapter/Sqlite3/Base.php';

	return $ignored;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


My goal for these two hikes was to explore the rerouted section of trail 667. The U.S. Forest Service worked with various interest groups to reroute the trail over the last 2 or 3 years, in order to protect greenback cutthroat trout living in Bear Creek. There have been several stories about it in the local paper (example, example). Now that the new section of trail is open, I headed out to see it for myself, and to find out whether or not access to Mt. Garfield is still open. Mt. Garfield is still accessible, and I think they did a fine job with the new trail.
Official Forest Service documentation on this is in Order # PSICC-2017-12. The Forest Service map is difficult to interpret: It's not topographical, and weirdly the protected asset Bear Creek is blocked out from the map.
Trail 667 has historical significance as the route to the summit of Pikes Peak in the 1800s, before Barr Trail took over. The book "Shattered Dreams on Pikes Peak", available in special collections at the Pikes Peak Library, documents developers' efforts in the area.
The new trail 667 starts at the saddle in Jones park, just west of the summit of Mt. Kineo. Going east, it follows the north slope of Mt. Kineo, then jumps over to the south slope for a section, then meets up with the original trail east of Mt. Kineo summit. It is still possible to make a loop hike from the 4-way parking lot in N. Cheyenne Canyon park.
Hikers be aware, trail 667 is multi-use so you will likely encounter motorized dirt bikes and mountain bikes.
Heading west on trail 667 from the junction in the Jones park, I quickly encountered a turn-off for new hiking trail 622A. Trail 622A is designated for hikers, horses, and mountain bikes (not motorized dirt bikes). It goes northwest towards Bear Creek, crosses the creek, and leads directly to Loud's cabin. The steep unnumbered trail to the saddle between Mt. Garfield and Mt. Arthur starts at Loud's cabin.
March 24 was also my first hike with a new Osprey Atmos AG 65 backpack. I loaded it up with about 30 lbs. of gear. I'm getting ready for a backpacking trip later this year. It has almost twice the capacity as the pack I use for day hikes.


text:
Q: Rails RESTful API connection with android Hi i have been learning rails for a bit , now i need to make some mobile applications android & IOS connecting to my webapp, I know that the API is used to make the connections like the endpoints / url and then the methods for each and everyone of them is used to make it, my problem how can i know or test that my API for the mobile is working properly?
I am currently doing the android par and i don't know where to start with that. can guys also help with pointing out where to learn them, i mean creating user's in my webapp , I used device so i need to make an android application to make user's , insert data into my PG(postgresql) , get some geolocaion (geocoder), from the webapp , but i don't know where to start with the android how to send and get data from that, also how to test if the API that i made is working properly....
any help willbe greatly appreciated specially links to tutorials for rails version 4.+

A: I'm showing you the simplest way to do this things.

*

*First make a json formatted api using rails. And you can make a URL that can accept GET method value(www.exmp.com?val=asd).

*In your android application make a Class name JsonParser.

copy and paste the following code.
private String jsonurl;

public JsonParser(String url) {
    this.jsonurl = url;
}

public String fetchJSON(){
    try {
        URL url = new URL(jsonurl);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
        conn.setConnectTimeout(25000);
        conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.connect();
        InputStream stream = conn.getInputStream();
        String data = convertStreamToString(stream);
        return data;

    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.d("Check", e.getMessage());
        return null;
    }
}
private String convertStreamToString(java.io.InputStream is) {
    java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(is).useDelimiter("\\A");
    return s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";
}

*After that make a Object of that class in a Asynctask thread. and also give the URL as a parameter.you will get the Json formatted data.

To get the actual data you need to make a JSONObject type object and call like this .
JSONObject reader = new JSONObject(jsonData); // returning json formatted data
this.status = reader.getString("status");

Now you can make java Bean to get or set the value for further uses.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Subscribe to Digital News Daily
Instagram Stories Remains Missed Opportunity For Many Brands
by Gavin O'Malley , Staff Writer @mp_gavin, July 2, 2020
Publishing content on Instagram Stories seems like a no-brainer for mobile marketers and media companies.
More than half of Instagram's billion-plus users view Stories on a daily basis. What's more, average reach rates hover around 5% for brands, and around 4% for those in media, while average completion rates for brands now stand at 86%, and 84% for media publishers.
Yet, according to new findings from Conviva, many brands and media companies appear less than eager to exploit the marketing channel.
From 2019 to 2020, for example, the average number of Stories that brands posted per week declined from 2.5 to 2.3, while it declined from 3 to 2.7 for media companies.
These aren't major shifts, but it certainly doesn't paint a picture of brands and media firms eagerly embracing Stories.
Considering Stories' strengths, it's not entirely clear why brands and media are not investing more time and money into the marketing channel.
Late in the first quarter, the COVID-19 crisis began to impact marketing plans and the ability of certain publishers to create fresh content. Sports-related publishers have been particularly hard hit by the pandemic.
Beginning in the second quarter of this year, brands also began suspending ads on Facebook properties over objections to the company's willingness to broadcast messages of hate and racial prejudice. Yet Conviva completed its most recent research in the first quarter, so such suspensions weren't reflected in its data.
Meanwhile, as indicated by an internal chat between Microsoft executives, some brands have become wary of appearing alongside what they consider to be inappropriate content. For that reason, the software giant put a hold on advertising in the U.S. on Facebook and Instagram in May, and more recently expanded the ban internationally.
If and when brands and media publishers warm to Instagram Stories, Conviva's latest report offers some guidance about how to make the most of the medium.
For one, the firm found a direct relationship between reach and the number of "frames" in a Story. In other words, the more "frames" -- or individual pages -- that publishers included in their Stories, the more consumers they reached.
Conviva also found that the lowest percentage of user actions -- liking moving onto another Story -- occur on the second frames of Stories.
Therefore, the firm considers the second frame to be a prime content spot, considering it is the least likely to be interrupted.
For publishers looking for creative inspiration, Conviva also suggested breaking panoramic pictures into separate frames, using Story highlights to share important information, and having fun with the various stickers the service offers.
For its latest report, Conviva said it analyzed 920 Instagram accounts, approximately 28,700 stories, and 165,000 individual "frames."
Late last year, Socialbakers estimated that Instagram Stories accounted for approximately 10% of all ad revenue for Facebook.
instagram, mobile
Gavin O'Malley edits MediaPost's Mobile Marketing Daily and MoBlog column. Follow him: @mp_gavin. You can reach Gavin at gavin@mediapost.com.
More from Mobile Insider
Video, Contextual, 5G Are 2021's Key Mobile Opportunities, Say Buyers, Other Digital Experts
Who's On First? Why Mobile Increasingly Isn't My 'Second Screen'
Kids Need Mobile Data Privacy Protection, Too
My Christmas Gift To You: Common-Sense Steps For Apple's Data Privacy Protocol
2021 Mobile Marketing Outlook Includes Accelerated Ad Spend, Contextual Focus


text:
Timber in Construction
Benefits of timber
Wood for thought
Personality profiles
Talking Timber
Wood Wise
Brandlistings
Digital Media Pack 2022
Online Media Pack 2022
Material specs
The new Warner Stand at Lord's Cricket Ground
By Mari Macnamara| 2021-12-10T09:10:22+00:00	December 9th, 2021|
By American Hardwood Export Council (AHEC)
An engineering marvel made of American white oak features in the redevelopment of the Warner Stand at one of the world's most iconic sporting facilities, Lord's Cricket Ground in St John's Wood, London.
Each 4-tonne beam is carefully lifted into position for the construction. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) commissioned architects Populous to design the new stand, which is part of an ongoing masterplan to improve visitor experience and boost the international reputation of world-renowned Lord's.
In this pioneering project, the roof of the stand is formed from 11 cantilevered glue laminated (glulam) American white oak beams, manufactured in Germany by specialist timber fabricators Hess Timber, that radiate dramatically from the corner of the ground, paving the way for brave new structural uses of sustainable American hardwoods.
Each beam measures 900mm x 350mm at the deepest point. The longest glulam beam weighs approximately 4 tonnes and measures 23.4 metres in length, the same as 26 cricket bats lined up nose to tail. They are all covered by a lightweight fabric roof covering. The AHEC Grown in Seconds sustainability calculator shows that the 100mᶟ of American white oak lumber used to fabricate the beams will have taken 160 seconds to grow back in the American forest.
"The imagination of the architects, the inspiration of the engineers and the skill and tenacity of the fabricators has produced a landmark structure, which is a pivotal moment in the evolution of timber construction. This is also an exciting moment for us [AHEC], turning our vision of what might be possible structurally with our hardwoods, into a reality," says David Venables, the European Director of the American Hardwood Export Council.
The American white oak glulam beams take centre stage in the corner of the new stand. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
Natural wood and cricket cannot be separated. The use of willow for cricket bats and ash for the stumps is as much part of the game as the leather balls, the state of the pitch and of course the weather.
Populous chose to specify American white oak because it can be finely crafted, possesses a beautiful golden colour and is immensely strong. These characterful qualities make it the perfect choice for the structure of a new canopy roof at Lord's," said Philip Johnson, Senior Principal at Populous and Project Director.
"Another advantage of American white oak's stiffness and uniformity was that we could predict deflection levels and camber very precisely," pointed out Markus Golinski, head of sales at Hess Timber.
Will Whitby, Lead Structural Engineer at Arup, said: "Our work on the Warner Stand at Lord's brings this historic sporting institution into the 21st century, whilst retaining the heritage look and feel. The improved sightlines and upgraded hospitality features combined with behind-the-scenes improvements to match-day facilities, have enhanced this famous establishment, ensuring the viewer experience now matches its reputation for world-class cricket."
The golden colour of the American white oak brings warmth to the interior of the stand. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
11 cantilever beams carry the canopy and form the primary structure of the roof. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
The 23.4-metre-long beams stretch across the stand, providing cover for the guests. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
The new development replaces a 1950s structure with a new four-storey stand that has been designed to significantly improve the view for spectators, whilst also exceeding best practice standards for accessibility so that it is fully inclusive. It will have 2 656 seats with improved sightlines, a new match control suite and better facilities including four bars and a restaurant on the top level.
The new building sits between the historic Grade II listed Pavilion, designed by architect Thomas Verity, and built in 1890, and the Grand Stand, designed by Nicholas Grimshaw and built in1996.
Spaces within the building include a state-of-the-art match control suite for officials and the emergency services, bars and other facilities for spectators, and a 135-cover restaurant with magnificent views over the ground.
Sustainability has also been at the forefront of the design thinking. Solar thermal and photovoltaic roof panels have been incorporated into the roof to generate hot water and electricity respectively.
American white oak glue laminated beams radiate dramatically from the corner of the ground. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
Close up detail of one of the American white oak glue laminated beams. Image credit: Jon Cardwell
About American White Oak
There is no other construction material that comes close to timber in its potential to positively impact the built environment. In both growth and use, timber acts as a carbon store making the use of timber a low carbon option; and the more we use the better.
The choice of American white oak for the glulam beams, which Arup had pioneered for the courtyard roof of Portcullis House in 2001, was driven by its excellent strength properties relative to its weight allowing the beams to be more slender than if they had been made from constructional softwood. It also increased their durability and offered a high-quality architectural finish.
American white oak is one of the most popular species from the U.S. hardwood forests and is unique to North America. Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) data shows U.S. white oak makes up 15.7% of total forest cover and that while 20.9 million m3 of American white oak are harvested each year, nearly 40 million m3 are growing in the hardwood forests in the same period.
In total, 100m3 of Number 1. Common grade American white oak was used to create the 11 beams in the new Warner Stand. It would take only 160 seconds for this material to be replaced through natural growth across the vast American forests.
About The Warner Stand and MCC
The new Warner Stand is the first phase of MCC's ambitious masterplan-led redevelopment and is located in the western corner of Lord's Cricket Ground.
Lord's is not a traditional stadium, in the sense that the various stands that surround the pitch each have a separate identity that contribute to the character of the Ground. Inserting a new building with its own clear and confident identity into this existing 'campus' of buildings, without dominating the overall composition, has been the main architectural challenge for the project.
About AHEC
For over 20 years the American Hardwood Export Council (AHEC) has been at the forefront of wood promotion in Europe, successfully building a distinctive and creative brand for U.S. hardwoods. AHEC's support for creative structural projects such as Timber Wave, Endless Stair, and The Smile, for the London Design Festival demonstrate the enormous potential for commercial structural applications. These sustainable materials will provide valuable inspiration to designers, structural engineers, and architects alike.
About Populous
Populous is a global architecture and design firm that designs the places where people love to be together, like Yankee Stadium, the London Olympics, and the Super Bowl. Over the last 30 years, the firm has designed more than 2 000 projects worth USD40-billion across emerging and established markets. Populous' comprehensive services include architecture, interior design, event planning and overlay, branded environments, wayfinding, and graphics, planning and urban design, landscape architecture, aviation and transport design, hotels and hospitality and sustainable design consulting. Populous has 17 offices on four continents with regional centres in London, Kansas City and Brisbane.
About Arup
Arup is the creative force at the heart of many of the world's most prominent projects in the built environment and across industry. The company offers a broad range of professional services that combine to make a real difference to our clients and the communities in which it works.
It is a truly global organisation. From 92 offices in 40 countries Arup's 13 000 planners, designers, engineers, and consultants deliver innovative projects across the world with creativity and passion.
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Many Decent Sick, people Struggle to Get Disability Benefit, and these Robbing Thugs, have Disability, No Problem, Lactose Intolerance, a Fucking Disgrace? Beyond Words, to Explain this?
WELFARE MADNESS |
Infamous burglary gang member gets disability benefit for lactose intolerance, court told
A judge has stated that it is "extraordinary" Edward Woodland is receiving the social welfare payment
Edward Woodland
A judge has described as "extraordinary" the State paying disability benefit for a Limerick burglary gang member as he is lactose intolerant.
Speaking at Ennis Circuit Court after hearing that Edward Woodland was receiving disability benefit for his lactose intolerance, Judge Eoin Garavan said: "I am sure that the taxpayer will be delighted to know that Department of Social Welfare pays disability benefit for lactose intolerance".
Lactose intolerance is a common digestive problem where the body is unable to digest lactose, a type of sugar mainly found in milk and dairy products
Judge Garavan said: "The less said about this the better but it seems to be an extraordinary reason for obtaining social protection disability payment."
He made his comments as he sentenced Woodland (23) and three accomplices for the burglary of an isolated farmhouse at Ballyveskill, Tiermaclane, Co Clare, on January 5, 2018. All four pleaded guilty to burglary and on the date.
Three of the burglars, father and son, Patrick (48) and Edward Woodland along with Paul Kiely (35) fled from the farmhouse after discovering that the sole occupant, James (Jimmy) O'Connor (97), was asleep in bed.
At around 3.30pm the raiders kicked in the door of the house and broke a lock before ransacking the property looking for cash. They then discovered Mr O'Connor's presence.
All three were caught "red handed" by gardaí as they tried to escape through fields around Mr O'Connor's home.
Nothing was taken in the burglary and Judge Garavan said no threat of violence or violence was used.
As part of the planned burglary, one member of the gang, John Woodland (43), a brother to Patrick and uncle to Edward, lured Mr O'Connor's son, Vincent, away from his home to a nearby field on the pretence of buying silage as part of "a clever decoy".
John Woodland had first contacted Vincent O'Connor concerning purchasing silage at the start of December 2017.
Imposing sentence, Judge Garavan said the burglary offence carried out by the gang "is of intense social concern" and there must be a deterrent.
He said such offences "terrify people in rural areas where there is little protection against this and who do not have gardaí on their doorstep".
He said the "absolute fear and trauma to the victims that can be occasioned" by such offences in rural areas cannot be overstated.
Judge Garavan said that the offence was premeditated and carefully thought out and gardaí were on the scene as they knew that a burglary was going to take place as a result of intelligence received.
He said the three raiders displayed "humanity in the midst of a serious crime" when they decided to flee from the house after discovering there was an elderly man asleep in the home at the time.
Judge Garavan said that it would have been very traumatic for Vincent O'Connor returning to his home on the afternoon and not knowing if his father had been interfered with or tied up.
James O'Connor died peacefully at home in March 2018 and his death was not related to the January burglary where his sleep was undisturbed.
In sentencing, Judge Garavan imposed a five-year prison term on Patrick Woodland of Greenmount Avenue, Ballinacurra Weston, Limerick, a five-year prison term with the final year suspended on Edward Woodland with the same address, a five-year prison term on John Woodland of Clarina Avenue, Ballinacurra Avenue, Limerick, with the final two years suspended and three and a half years on Paul Kiely Glencairn, Dooradadoyle, Limerick with the final one and a half years suspended.
Det Garda Brendan Rouine told the court that Patrick Woodland and John Woodland were each jailed for three years in 2012 for a similar type burglary committed in Galway in 2011.
He said Vincent O'Connor has now enhanced security features at his home.
Palmer, one Nasty piece, of Shit, He got off Lightly?
Keep this Bully Thug, Rock, Locked up? Lucky Woman?


Renew My Church includes a set of initiatives designed to both introduce people who have no familiarity with the Christian faith into a life-changing encounter with Jesus Christ, as well as deepen and strengthen the discipleship of existing Catholics so that they are able to evangelize the world through an inspiring witness in their communities.
Initiatives range from pastoral leadership programs and vocation discernment to faith-in-action efforts, such as anti-violence, immigrant support, and respect life programs. The most significant investment is in parish vitality through our parish grouping process – the goal of which is to create a culture of evangelization and improve the vital ministries within each parish community by restructuring and redirecting necessary resources.


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