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Henry T. Pooley
Henry T. Pooley, also known as Harry, joined the Royal Australian Army in 1951. He served in the valley of the Imjin River fighting in the hills outside Seoul. He survived intense shelling by Chinese forces on Hill 355. Henry T. Pooley has spent years since his service researching Korea and is proud of what he did and what South Korea has become today. He hopes to see Korea reunited one day.
Henry T Pooley describes when he was shelled in his bunk near Hill 355. The Chinese artillery attack left him dazed and two comrades wounded. Henry miraculously wasn't wounded.
Tags: Fear,Front lines,Personal Loss,Physical destruction,Weapons
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ja44BuK8Nh0&start=904&end=1138
First Patrol and the Chinese
Henry T Pooley describes his first patrol near Hill 355 on the front lines. He describes the geography of the area including a nearby minefield. He discusses the respect shown between the Chinese and the Australian soldiers on the battlefield.
Tags: Imjingang (River),Chinese,Front lines,North Koreans,Weapons
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ja44BuK8Nh0&start=481&end=746
Revisiting Korea and Memories
Henry T Pooley remembers his return to Korea in 2000. He recounts his amazement at the progress and compares it to his time in 1952. He shares his memories of the destruction and his hope that Korea reunites during his lifetime.
Tags: Busan,Imjingang (River),Seoul,Civilians,Impressions of Korea,Modern Korea,North Koreans,Physical destruction,South Koreans
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ja44BuK8Nh0&start=1902&end=2091
H: My name is, uh, Henry Thomas Pooley – P O O L E Y, but I'm commonly known as Harry – H A R R Y, Harry Pooley.
I: And what is your birthday?
H: My birthday is the thirteenth of the, November, 1930.
I: Could you repeat what is your birthday?
H: The thirteenth, the eleventh
I: Um hm.
H: That's November, 1930,
which makes me 89 my next birthday.
I: Eighty-nine.
H: Yeah.
I: You look great. What is the secret?
H: Work.
I: Work? What do you work?
H: Well, I always reckon that the body is a machine, and God designed the machine, and we've designed machines after God. And machine is made to work. If it doesn't work, it deteriorates, falls apart at the, say for instance a car
chemical action, the motor deteriorates then dies, batteries, everything. So a car is now good.
I: Retired.
H? Beg pardon?
I: You are retired now, right?
H: Uh, I wouldn't say I retired. I'm still doing all the repairs around my house. I'm, a bit of a handyman I, uh, um, built my house. It's a six bedroom cavity brick home and, uh,
I: You just did? You built it? You build your own home?
H: Uh, yes. I was a subcontractor. My trade is a mechanic, diesel mechanic feeder but, uh, I might as well start at some point. Where would you like me to start?
I: Um, oh. I have a series of questions. Well, tell me, where were you born?
H: I was born in Brisbane here in 1930 at what was then the,
uh, Lady Bowen Hospital
H: which now, I believe, is Anzac House.
I: And when did you graduate high school?
H: I didn't go to high school. I went home to my hometown which was Tenterfield, New South Wales and, uh, from there, my father was a, a ganger on the roads and actually worked with Errol Flynn, the actor. But he wasn't known so well as an actor then.
And Dad was a salesman for Chrysler, and he traveled around a bit and, uh, they shipped him down to Brisbane. But while he was down there, he married my mother, uh, Mary Ellen Pooley and, uh, that was about 19, oh, it was at 1928. He was an ex-serviceman
from the British Army and then the Merchant Navy. And he left the ship in 1920 in Australia
H: signed off
H: And, uh, he, um, he ended up, um, he, uh, he settled down in Brisbane and, uh, as I said, he was growing tobacco at one stage, too. And, uh, I was, when I was born in 1930, I shifted
around a lot, and he was always either rich one moment, had a beautiful home where we had four homes, and during the Depression years in 1930's, sometimes it was very hard because a man to retire in a job, uh, he had to go from one town to another town. And then he's draw rations like sugar, flour, tea, and Sargent would say Roy, you've got your rations.
Now tonight I want you on the train to the next town because he never got no more rations till he'd get to the next town.
I: Yeah. It's a very difficult time to live.
H: Oh, it was terrible time.
I: Yeah. So when did you join the military?
H: I joined the military when I was in Brisbane here on the 15th August, 1951.
I: And was Army?
H: Army, yes.
I: Um. And where did you get the basic military training?
H: Uh, here at [Anaugraw] We spent, uh, three months at [Anaugraw], and then, uh, we went from here down to Victoria which was [Pakapanul] and, uh, lived in tents. Uh, we did graduate to a tin shed once.
H: and cold running water from the [Golwin] River in the winter and, uh, we, uh, trained until May 1952.
And then we were flown by Quantus, and we stopped at Hong Kong, and actually we went as tourists, uh by Quantus, uh. We stayed in the best hotel in Hong Kong which was Peninsula Hotel
I: Yeah. And when did you arrive in Korea? When did you arrive in Korea?
H: I arrived in Korea, uh, after training in Japan, uh, I trained, they found out
I'd done an, a signals course in Australia and, uh, I was on draft to go to Korea, and they found that the, there was three signals that were my two mates and myself, and they had to make [INAUDIBLE], and they didn't have mines, see. And I told them I'm going in the morning. Gonna be hard to catch me [INAUDIBLE] and both my mates looked at each other and stepped out of the ranks and said Pooley's his name, Sargent. You're not going anywhere without us, see. So he said I have to go back,
and we have to do another, uh, run over on a refresher course as a signaler and, uh,
I: Where?
H: In Haramu, right, in Japan
H: And that was at the Battle Training School which was a pretty hard school. They, uh, used to use live ammunition all the time to lay off a percentage of casualties, you know. And, uh, we did our training, and then we had to go back to Hero which was the base camp,
and uh, in Japan. And, uh, we went on, once you went on draft, and I got to Korea in, either late August or early September in 1952.
I: Okay.
I: Where did you arrive in Korea?
H: Uh, that's, uh, around late, late August, early September.
I: Where? Where did you arrive?
H: Oh, uh, Pusan.
H: And, uh, that was my first introduction to Korea.
H: My unit was the First Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment.
H: It was part of the first Commonwealth Division.
I: And what company?
H: I was in, uh, Headquarter Company first as a signaler.
I: Signaler.
H: Uh, signaler, yes, radio, you know, radio man, signals, repair the wires if they got knocked out and, uh. But at the time I was working, uh,
my job was working a switchboard. And I didn't find it very exciting.
H: And I got myself transferred to a rifle company where one of my friends was in D Company. But when I got there, he was in 12 Platoon, and I got sent to 10 Platoon, one section, and we had h ad four people in that because they'd had quite a few casualties, and we were down to four people. So, uh, I went there and, uh,
when I, my first patrol we went down, and we were being briefed, we were going on [INAUDIBLE] and, uh, the Sargent comes to mind on me and says oh Pooley, and I said yes Sargent, he says you're our next [INAUDIBLE] . I said yes, Sargent. I knew what was coming.
H: So he said here's the radio. Go and get the codes and, uh, get that ready. And that was my first introduction to
I: Where was it?
H: Uh, that was, I, I first joined Korea at, uh, it was a place called Yongdong. [INAUDIBLE] Samichon Valley, uh. It was a big valley that ran due South, and it was the main attack route for Genghis Khan, all the armies in the past, you know.
I: Was Imjin River around?
H: Yes. The Imjin River went around in front of us, and where we were in Yongdong, we were on a hill,
and we looked straight forward, and you could see the river going through, around. It was a huge mine field
I: Um hm
H: And on the left hand side of us, we had the American First Marine Division, and on the right hand side of us, we had the Royal Fuseliers, were on a hill they had, somewhere at about 159 I think it was. Anyway, uh, we spent about three weeks there before we joined the Battalion, and we went in,
uh, joined the actual Battalion on the, uh, first of November, uh, when, just after Princess Patricia got badly knocked about on the hill, no, not Patricia. It was the RCR's, Royal Canadian Regiment. They got badly over it and not really good at overriding. And, uh, and all the defenses were blown and everything and, and we had to find out own way out into the minefields, and we los quite a few people
with stepping on mines because, uh, the British and Australians were using pretty explicit, if you laid a mine field, there was a map of it. But the Americans and the Canadians sometimes, they just laid them indiscriminately, and they'd have a gap serve them. But if the shell fell out, they knew where the gap was because you've been in one position for a while and they had it zeroed in to,
within a meter, the Chinese, and the Chinese were very good artillery men and very good mortar men. And, uh, they were very good fighter sakes, you know. We got on, believe it or not, we had a lot of respect for them, no respect for the North Koreans I'm afraid. But we had a lot of respect for Chinese because some of them didn't' want to be there.
H: And, uh, we had sort of an unspoken, uh, truce with them that we wouldn't fire on their stretcher parties, and they
wouldn't fire on ours, you know. Whereas with the Americans, that they used to fire on the, the Chinese stretcher parties. So we gained a bit of respect from the Chinese
I: Ah.
H: the fact that
I: That's very interesting to know.
H: Well, it was, it was just like sometimes when it comes down the man in the frontline, and you're the one who's gonna suffer. And when you go day after day for two months in one spot and you're being shelled
at night time, mortared, sometimes you'd be under attack, you'd been going out, uh, we were on a hill called [Owocsan]. It was, uh, the British called it 355. Three five five was the, the heighth of it, and it was called Little Gibralter.
H: Uh, it was, it was something similar that the British thought to, the Gibralter and these states, in the Mediterranean.
I: So you were there around?
H: Uh, we were heading, uh, we were on top of a hill, and
I: What hill?
H: the, on top of this
I: Three five five?
H: Three five five
H: And the trenches, the main trench, was nine feet deep.
I: Um.
H: You couldn't climb out of that unless you went up into a firing step where the little weapon pits were. And that's where you stood duty, you know. And we joined them in the winter, and we still had summer boots. And I got put on a charge for
wearing winter boots. They said you shouldn't have worn the boots. And sometime during the day, this is before we went on the hill, we'd have to go back and dig, dig the fortification to a second line of defense and, uh, we were in the shade, you see, and there was a bit of snow there. My feet were like ice. So the feet cold, warm boots, put them on. And the officer put me in a chart because he said the Army didn't make it, it was winter yet, you gotta wait until a certain day.
The Army says winter gets here the 15th of September, you can have, wear them. So I wore them anyway.
I: So you must have, uh, involved in a lot of different kinds of battle there?
H: Sorry?
I: The kind of battle that you fought.
H: I haven't fought much in the way of battles at all. I whether I thought I was unlucky, I never made contact with the enemy. I saw them. we walked in around the Chinese lines at night time. But
the Chinese had a lot of respect for us, and they didn't attack us much, especially D Company. D Company had a very good reputation.
H: And we'd go out and sit there for four hours waiting for, to ambush the Chinese, and that, I used to be down in the hill 227 in front of us, see. And, uh, so I went out on a number of patrols, uh, listing patrols, standing patrols. But it was only about a fortnight after I
got there, and we were on the right flank of Hill 355, and next to us was the, uh, Republic of Korea Capital Division. That was the, the President's Division. And they were on the right flank of us right along side us here, and on the left hand side was, uh, who was on the left hand side now, uh, I'm trying to think, uh, I think it was Second Battalion had joined us there. No, Third
Battalion was there, that's right. Third Battalion and, uh, we stayed there for, well, I stayed there. I got hit with a shell, uh. My bunker was on top near the skyline, you know, and I had a centurion tank dug in here. There was a Canadian tank for, the Sherman, and then they replaced it with a Centurion from one of the British [INAUDIBLE], you know. And they got a, they were trying to get a, hit this tank, and our bunker was to the right
hand side of the tank, and about 30 meters back, and this day we just walked into it, three of us, and one man was sitting there, and one man was sitting there, and I was up about two furlongs around because I came near the fifth man there, and there was no room. So I had to shift all the packs out of this little hole here
H: and make my bed in there and actually, thinking back, it
saved me because I was sitting on there just putting some stuff under my bunk, and the next minute the ear just, I didn't hear any noise. I just felt the ears compressed as if somebody hit me under water, punched me, and I got slammed down on the floor. And when I looked up, I was buried, you know, half buried except for a little tiny bit of daylight.
I: You must have lost your life.
H: Hm?
I: You might have lost your life there.
H: Oh, well the shell only
hit about four meters away from me, four feet away from me, no more than two meters.
I: Were you scared?
H: No, no. I'm a pretty practical sort of person. I was scared before hand. But I was not[INAUDIBLE] rather die, you know, because the thing was so, a 5" shell, a 122, close to being 5". Like a forward gun on a destroyer. And uh, anyway, I headed over to the hole. I couldn't anything wrong with me.
But I headed over to the hole and I could hear a voice crying out for help. And I went to get out through this hole, and where this chap remained sitting on the bank, I looked down and there's a, the first thing I saw was a white sealant. And I took my hand down, and I look and I put my hand where his head would be, but his head was gone. It blew his head off, and the force of the explosion
must have seared the jugular and everything. There was no blood, just the, the, the sealant was pure white. Anyway, I crawled over him to go to help with this other, I couldn't do nothing for him
I: What was his name?
H: Uh, his name was named Gulad. I never ever got back to talking to his parents cause I didn't know him a lot very well. And I didn't like the idea of, I thought it was better that his parents didn't know that, uh,
he died many, you know, he lost his head. And so I just kept it quiet to myself. The first time I called anybody. And uh, he, uh, I thought it's bad enough from now on they've lost their son. He was a fine young man actually. A lovely man. He would have gone a long way. But he never got a chance. And the chap on the left hand side, Mickey Lynch his name was, Mickey Lynch, yeah. And he got one ankle
blown off. Comes from down Victoria. I don't know if he's still alive.
I: But you were not wounded.
H: Beg pardon?
I: You were not wounded. You were not wounded.
H: I
I: You were not wounded.
H: I don't know. I, I didn't feel nothing. I looked, there was no blood on me. Uh, my, my ears were ringing like mad, and I went outside, and I could see Mickey here and he was going up to help, all the timber was lying down,
and I was trying to pull it out when somebody come in and grabbed me and took me out. They took me outside, and then they found me wandering along the skyline afterwards asking to be shot for a sniper, but I didn't. They didn't. Anyway, uh, I was evacuated that night about 12:00 at night by a Jeep that come up the back of the, uh, the hill, the mountain. It
couldn't move up there near the day come because the Chinese could see parts of it. And they, uh, uh, [INAUDIBLE] The chap that took me out was actually my mate that I was waiting for at the Signalry, and when he got there, there was no more, they didn't want signal. Instead they made a driver out of him, and he ended up driving the ambulance. And I don't remember him at all taking me out. But Dave's body was on that stretcher, but there, no head. Couldn't find it.
Anyway, and I was on this stretcher, and they sent me out for a rest because our section had been very, very badly hit before, and we were working a lot more hours, you know, trying to fill in to cover it, the other men, and you didn't get much sleep, about one, two hours sleep at night. And after a few days, you know, we had, uh, we got the, beginning, this was about
my birthday was the 13th. It must have been the 17th of November because I survived my birthday when I got hit. And I went out, down for a rest, and I, they never even took my shirt off for anything. I just, they just said how are you? I said I don't [INAUDIBLE] I'm not hit cause I can't see anything. And, uh, anyway ,uh, I went down to Inchon which was just a little fishing place,
and you come down the hill, you know, into the fishing village, and I spent a week there, no money, and they said you can get drunk
I: Where, where did you stay, un MASH unit or in the hospital or
H: Uh, non, no, no. When I, a rest camp. A little
I: Rest camp.
H: A little rest village. They sent me up for a rest
H: It was called a rest village where they had, had a wounded soldiers that'd come out of hospital
H: and I went down there. And then before you went back to line. So I spent a week there.
And then I went back, and I had a job in the [INAUDIBLE] store
I: I'm sorry?
H: I had a job in the Quartermaster store at [INAUDIBLE] I forget which. Anyway, uh, I used to issue clothing to the troops when they come out of the line. So it was a very safe place. And I put my foot up in front of the Canadians, they would love leading our patrols, no ambush, nothing. No shelling.
H: And I spent about two weeks I think there. And, uh, or over week, and they, uh, they said to me, uh, they couldn't send me back up, I wanted to go back up to my unit. And, uh, they couldn't send me because I had no winter gear. There was a shortage of winter gear, no waiting for it to come from Japan. Anyway, when it turned up, uh, I said I'd go, and they said oh, we'll, look, we'll promote you to a Corporal here. You're doing a good job.
You can stay here if you want to. And I had to make a decision then. I, I, I didn't really want to go up, back on that hill again. But I thought well if I don't um, I'll, I'll, uh, regret it in lots of ways the rest of my life. And I said to him, uh, no. I'll, I think I've got to go back, and he said I think you' re bloody mad. Anyway, I went, and when I got up there, as soon as I joined my unit and went in,
they still put us up there. You had a chance to get out, you know. I said to him, anyway, I went on for about another till the, uh, that was the first time, the 15th. That was November. December the 15th, uh, a friend of mine, a, a chap I met it up with, we're both reinforcements you see. I didn't know the other men at all in the Battalion because they'd been there from original, and we were what
they call K Force. We only joined for two years cause they couldn't get enough people to join the Australian Army
I: Yeah
H: And we were very short handed. So they dropped the recruiting age, we joined for two years, you see. And we'd [been a year away to here], getting there, and when we, uh, am I talking too much?
I: No, no. Where, when did you leave Korea?
H: I left Korea, I was just getting to that, uh, uh, this day, uh
I was just come back from having lunch, [what's the other word] kitchen, the back, and you come up, and there was an observation post, on OP we called it, just to the right of my hoochie here. The main trench went along, and there was a trench come in here and turned, and it was a little hoochie, whatchi, the Japanese word, I think it's Uchi, they called it Hutchi now, it was just a few [raptures], you know.
And a door had been hit by mortar, and the sand used to drizzle, so I didn't like it much. I didn't want to be buried again. And Don, he lived just outside in the forward trenches up against the wall. Anyway, him and I were there talking and, uh, they come in, it was a bang just outside, and I thought it was a, a self-pulled hell gun they had in the tunnel in 227 which was when we walked out of our Uchi at night time, we had to pull
blankets down so it wouldn't let any light out because [INAUDIBLE] straight, is flying straight out on the 227 where they had an observer. And, uh, we thought it was an SP because they have [INAUDIBLE] right to you now, and you don't hear the thing go off, you know. You'd be able to hear it, and there's still a lot of people who don't hear it, and we did. Anyway, uh, one shot come in, and in between the Sargent turned up with three reinforcements. And there was five that was in this little area here, see.
And he said righto, Pooley. He said you can show them the ropes. He said I'm off. I gotta check the others. So he left, and I looked at Don, Don Dillo and, uh, anyway I said to him, uh, look. I think it's safer if we go out. We'll go out in the trench, and I took first man out, turned right, second man out, left, right, left, right. Spread out along the trench. Here we'll get some, if something
happens and we get five men. Anyway, we went out there. I said well, let's go, and Don stepped out in front of me. And when we got to where, right in the main trench line there, Don turned right, I turned left, and the next shot from this, turned out to be a rocket launcher, 5.7 rocket launcher. It hit the wall just above his head there and went off, and it blew me sideways. I picked myself off the ground here, and I, he was laying on the
trench floor. And I went around, he was completely dead. He was [INAUDIBLE} the blast had just killed him outright. So even though my examination said he was dead, but I was a bit dazed, and I went to get a medic. I just told the others keep, keep separated, you know. And I got the medic, and then, uh, I think, [INAUDIBLE] must have got a bit hysterical then because I was very tired, and I just wanted to, I remember saying I wanted to get at
the nine-mile sniper. That's who they are in Korea. I was sick and tired of being hit by guns and not being able to fire a shot at them, see, even though we weren't looking for them.
H: And, uh, anyway, uh, they gave me, they come and they gave me a morphine needle to settle me down. And anyway, I went back on duty again, and the trouble was the next patrol I went on, the, I started to suffer a lot of pains in the, the legs here. And if I'd lie in an outpost for say
three hours, you couldn't get up. I couldn't walk. There was too much pain in the legs. And I was becoming a liability to my section and to myself. So I decide to go to the RAP and see if I could get some pain killers. So I walked down off the hill, and when you go out on a patrol, you got 50 rounds and three grenades and a barley colver hat. No [INAUDILE] no vests. I never
wore a vest in my life.
H: And anyway, we
I: Yeah. So what happened to you? Did you leave Korea then?
H: Uh, no. They, that, well I did. They sent me back, uh, when I got down there, the first day they said that I was to come back tomorrow. And I got rather abusive because, uh, I said I've gotta walk up the hill again with all the gear and walk back again. And anyway, uh, I said I don't think I'll ever [INAUDIBLE] And they go to Sargent and said what did you say.
And I turned on her and I said you heard what was said. And I wasn't like that normally.
I: I mean, we need to concentrate on the major events. So I want to, when did you leave Korea?
H: Uh, when did I leave Korea?
H: I left Korea just before Christmas. I went back from, I was evacuated from
I: Fifty-two?
I: When did you leave Korea, '52 Christmas?
H: Uh, '52 Christmas, yeah, 1952 at Christmas.
I went about the 22nd, 23rd,
H: and I went, I was evacuated to Seoul and to the [INAUDIBLE] Field ambulance before that and into Seoul and then to, uh, General Hospital in Korea, in, uh, Japan.
I: Uh huh
H: And I
I: Were you wounded at the time?
I: Were you wounded?
H: No, no. I never, I was lucky I never got a mark on me.
I: Yeah. But why were you in the hospital?
H: I was in the hospital because I couldn't walk.
I: Oh. What happened?
H: No, my leg
I: Because of the pain
H: Well, they said, when I went back the second time, when they told me to come back the next day,
H: when I left, I walked out to walk up the hill, and I was at exhaustion, I woke up four hours later, I was sleeping [INAUDIBLE] been sleeping just lying down
I: Yeah, yeah, yeah.
H: fell asleep while I was walking.
I: So luckily you were not wounded, but you were not able to, you had, uh, serious pain so
that you discharged.
H: Had my ears blown out, but unless there's blood. if a stone flies up and cuts you and you're wounded
H: doesn't have to be a bit of metal.
I: So you were very lucky.
H: But you don't see, uh, you don't see those wounds
H: And when I got flattened out, it, it, something in my spine they said that, they said that it, uh, they evacuated me. It was a sprained spinal column.
H: and pierced eardrums. So later on
they changed that definition to wounded.
H: See, but anyway, I had a lot of trouble with the VA when I come back. They, they said they'd lost all my records, the Dept. of Veterans Affairs and, uh, it wasn't till 1978, the the Freedom of Information come in and I, uh, I applied through that, and they found all my records, you know. They just miraculously turned up.
I: So have you been back to Korea after that?
H: Yes. I went back
I: [INAUDIBLE] when, when was it?
H: About
19, oh, let me think, uh, trying to think back. Must be, I've been back twice, no, three times. I went back once, uh, that was about, must have been 15 years ago.
I: Yeah. So it was 2000.
H: Two thousand, yeah.
I: Twenty-first century, right?
H: Yeah because I made that thing I n 2003,
and I've been to Korea then by 2003. So it's around about 2000, and I, uh, I went over there , and we, uh, we had, our box was next to the President's box in the, where the stadium is, you know, big stadium? I don't know when that was built.
H: But it was brand new and, uh, we spent, uh, three weeks there, and I was amazed because
I: Three weeks?
H: Not three weeks, a week, sorry. A week, uh, five days because well, I remember now. We went from province to province
H: every night, we went to a different province.
I: Right. When you went back to Korea in 2003, how did you feel?
H: Well, I was actually amazed because when I left Korea, there was one bridge over the river, and it was busted.
When I went back, then they had six, no, they had 18 bridges or something and six tunnels, and I couldn't get over how, and I already knowing how you'd, you know, followed you a bit because being in the Veterans Affairs, Veterans Organizations here, and I, I've got quite a library at home on the Korean War. And so I, I know a bit about the fact they have a few reach the great heights in the world's industrialized nation. And you did it while under a thread running about
20 miles away over. A madman. And I thought it was actually amazing and, uh, on how you went on with your lives so, uh, complacently, you know, put it that way. And, uh, I 've been amazed ever since. And since I, the, uh, Korean veterans down the Gold Coast have been so good to our organizations that I think I could, I can never repay the gratitude or feel towards, uh,
South Korea, you know, because, I mean, so they keep thihking that they owe me [INAUDIBLE] I think that, uh, [INAUDIBLE] other foot sometimes because I appreciate very much what the South Korean government 's done for the Australian veterans here in Australia. I really do. And a lot of our veterans feel the same way. I think I'll just speak for them on that. But, uh, you know. It's a, but it was a terrific war because when I went to Pusan
the first time, I, when I landed there, the first thing I say in the streets was, there were, we went down the streets and just little shops and all the rest was wreckage and a slum. And there was mud on the beach. They, and mud flats we crossed, you know. And, uh, anyway, I saw a little girl, and she was about 3 year old, and all she had on was a little singlet, white singlet, dirty. And on her brother, back, she had a brother,
and she was sitting down amongst all the, and she had a, a, a big cardboard carton that the Kelloggs Corn Flakes used to come for the American Army. It was a big, like that square and that high. And she was sitting in there, and she had two old ration cans and, of course, on the truck and we went path, but that's what I saw, and it stayed in my memory and I thought I hope to God I never, ever see that situation in our country because I think the refugees
suffered so terribly, you know, uh, children didn't know who their parents were, uh, where, if they're alive. Well, they still, a lot of you still don't know, uh, your sisters and brothers can't talk to you. And I'll be very happy if I live long enough to see unification of Korea in peace because I think that, I know your history, a lot of your history, back to, uh, 4,000 years ago.
and, uh, there was a king you had, and he was a very, very, uh, um, uh, good man. And he set up all your [INAUDIBLE] governments and that, and he
I: Yeah, huh.
H: What was his name again? He
I: Serjong.
I: And, uh, let's focus on the war that you fought for. Had you thought that, had you imagined that Korea would become like this today when you left Korea in 1953?
H: Well, I don't
think that we're, a lot of people say we never won. My answer to that is that look at South Korea.
I: I mean, did you think that Korea would become like this today when you left Korea?
H: No. No. I didn't know. We just, uh, I didn't see much of Korea except for trench line. And the time we went around the Chinese lines, not down across the river and that. But I didn't see anything apart from when I came back from the rest camp and
I saw the refugees and [INAUDIBLE] with his big hat on and, and, uh, sitting by a little chair, little fires on the side of the road, and we were frosty and cold and, uh, I remember people, there's a book I read and made a very big impact on me. It was written by an English journalist called Reginal Thompson.
H: And it was called Cry, Korea. And if you ever get a copy of that, read it. You'll see what Korea was like really,
and it was an Australian, uh, correspondent, Harry Gordon. And Harry Gordon was a member of our club.
I: You said Cry Korea?
I: What is the title of the book?
H: Cry, C R Y, you know, cry
H: Korea
H: That's the title. And name of the author was Reginald Thompson.
H: British correspondent for one of the British papers.
H: And they, they,
they went up, and with the Battalions and with the, the British Division, Common, wasn't a Commonwealth Division. It was, uh, it was a, uh, a brigade that later on become a, Commonwealth Division with the Canadians, too and everything.
I: So next year, 2020, it's going to be 70th anniversary
I: of the Korean War. It never been replaced with a Peace Treaty.
H: I know.
I: We are still
technically at war. What do you think about that?
H: Well, I think that the world is very, uh, slacking in knowledge of the Korean War. They really are because you talk to young people now and they say, I was, I, I forgot to tell you. I joined up again in the Reserve Forces in Australia in 1975, and I served 15 years
H: in, uh, Royal [INAUDIBLE] Electrical Mechanical Engineers because I was a full on mechanic then.
And, uh, I, I think that, uh, you know, the, uh, we don't do enough here, a lot of people might disagree with me, but we are too lax. We, we, we too, too easy, to relaxed in lots of ways, and we don't, you've got to be a little bit harder sometimes because you're dealing with a hard, hard enemy. I don't like the way this situation is handled because it looks to me as thought Russia
I followed them a lot. Russia is doing a lot of work in the background down in Africa,
H: South America, and they've got conferences going on now, uh, China and North Korea, and they're getting a lot pallier, and then they fly young, they fly to Russia. So I think myself that, that if America gets much weaker, they will make another push.
H: I really do.
It bothers me because, uh, I hate to see it break out in another world war.
I: So you, uh, have done a lot of research about the Korean War. What about here in Australia? Do they teach about Korean War in the high school? In History class?
H: I don't think so.
I: Why not?
H: As I said, well, I never went. I, I, I went to work at 12, so I never, I did Junior English when I was 30, 39. Thirty-nine just be, when I got married I did Junior English.
And I did Mathematics because I studied
I: Why we don't teach about it?
I: Why we don't teach about Korean War here in Australia?
H: I don't know, uh. I don't know. Actually I must check my, my son-in-law, not my son-in-law, my grandson, uh, he didjn't know much about it. And when I was in the Army Reserves, that's what I was gonna say, sometimes on Anzac Day when I'd wear my ribbons, and he'd say what's that for? I said it's the Korean War. He says when was that? And I said 1950 it started.
I was there '52. Oh. He said I wasn't even born then. And they don't know. And they're either ignorant or the fact, too, that how the inerts played a very, very, from a small group, we distinguished ourselves in front of the whole world, the Navy, the Army, and the Air Force, particularly the Air Force cause the Air Force stopped the North Korean tanks
with the rockets.
H: They, they wiped them out.
I: So you didn't know much about Korea before. And now you are, you been to Korea three times. What is Korea to you personally?
H: Uh, Korea's a beautiful country. Uh, I didn't see none of that. As I said, all I saw was a, a, a, 227 in front of me every morning, and it was just not a blade of grass on it, no trees. just pulverized hill.
It was plowed up, and we didn't move around much at night. Daytime we were either, we would come back home from patrol, we cleaned out any damage from shell fire in the trenches, and some of us were detailed to go back and dig or reinforce the, the rear positions, you know, the next line of defense. Uh, we didn't get a lot of sleep and, uh, we got one hot meal a day if you did. But most people couldn't be bothered with the mail. I just said all I want to do is go to sleep.
And, uh, after a couple months, you get really, really, you're getting like a zombie to a certain extent, you know. You're tired, you're very tired. Uh, we were, I'm not speaking for the whole unit because I'm only speaking my section because we were undermanned. And that's why I went back that time, cause I didn't wanna leave another man go on and two more. That left that section with practically nobody.
I: But my question is what is Korea to you now,
personally?
H: Personally, uh, in what we do I like Korea?
I: Whatever you think way.
H: Oh, it's my Korea. I really do. I admire the Korean people. I think you've got a lot of stamina and a lot of work in you and, uh, I just wish that you could have more peace there and not have the threat that's hanging over you all the time. I often wonder if we had the same threat, like somebody in Bribie Island
Who was threatened to drop a bomb on us, how we'd react. But we don't know here. We don't, apart from the Japanese bombing Darwin, the stuff in cities, not now. And the children and that, today, don't know. We don't have any commitment like you have in, uh, Korea where each young man does two years and young ladies do two years. And when I was in Korea, I couldn't help but notice that all your people all sleep because you work hard.
Here, people don't work as hard as they used to in my day. I was always getting called, what, what are you trying to prove, Harry? I don't know. I had it when I went to work, and I said what do you mean? He said well you worked twice as hard as any other man. I said I don't think so. I said I just enjoyed doing my job. It's a challenge. I want to get finished, and I want to go home. I don't want to knock about.
And, uh, I really think that's what I admire most in the Korean people is their work, work ethic. And that's not a way, as I said to my grandchildren, study. Get the knowledge and worry about the fun and games afterwards because if you have the fun and games now, the world will go by and leave you.
I: So tell me about the impact of war
upon your life after you come back from Korea.
H: Well, it didn't, it didn't worry me in the fact that I had bad dreams. I, I remember things. When I remember them, uh, the first time I had a bad dream was actually about fortnight ago.
I: Four nights ago?
H: For, fortnight, two weeks.
H: Two weeks ago. Apart from that,
I: That was first time for you? Tell about that.
H: Yeah because my, I'm, I'm a bit of a, I believe that if you come to a road and it's got a bridge that's been blown out or broken, don't walk around with a go down, actually before you get there, you want to know whether you can go down another road. So when you get there, you go down that road. [INAUDIBLE] when, and my ex-girlfriend said, uh, oh, you know, that, uh, things were different, I just said oh, that's the way it is.
You know, I traveled 12,000 kilometers, uh, miles, and uh, I just said oh well. That's the way the cookie crumbles. And I said I'll see you. And I went to walk away, and she, she talked to a mate and she said when am I gonna see you again? And I thought this is crazy. But I, coming back to, I think, your main question was on Korea, was, I just, left Korea
when I saw the way you're still teachers. Bring all the children
H: to the cemetery, Pusan, and they tell the children about the history of the Korean War and how the men that died from different nations came from long way over the sea to fight for Korea, and we, um, another good friend of mine, he lives in [INAUDIBLE] he's still alive, one, one of my mates, he was a signal bloke that carried me out,
uh, Dora Spanatelli and, uh, he's the sort of bloke that, he, he's like me, you know. And he loves to say you're a good man, Harry. I said well, you're a good man cause he looks after his wife, and she's got Dementia.
H: See. So, uh, there's good men, and in the Army, there was good diggers and there was bad diggers. You can't say every digger's a, a hero or, or anything like that. And I never wanted to be a hero.
Uh, heroes get you killed. I wanted to survive and come home. So I didn't, I just put it out of my mine. Everything else but the fact that men are just, get this thing finished and, uh, I didn't get a chance to get it finished.
H: The only shot I fired, now this might sound very embarrassing
H: but I wrote about it in my book because it was true, and you can't beat the facts.
H: was I lifted the toilet seat on our toilet from the hill, and I find about 3 out of 3 down there that makes it work after two weeks, and it worked.
So it just, I noted it, and I knew I'd have gotten fired.
I: I'd like to wrap this interview with your special message to the Korean people. Do you have any message to them?
H: I just thank the Korean people, I thank you very much for all the, uh, the gratitude you've shown to,
uh, particularly Australians. I can't speak for Americans. But I know that you do. And I think that, uh, just be assured that we really appreciate having, being of some service to, uh, to keep your country, at least you never lost a war, never, Never say you lost the war. You won it because I've got a photograph in a book there
of the Australians leading the victory parade in New York.
H: That's what the Americans thought of it. We led the parade. As a, they got a soldier [INAUDIBLE] I'll show you after if you want.
I: Do you?
H: In New York,
I: Korean War?
H: We led the parade for the victory parade.
I: Victory parade for what?
H: For victory in Korea.
I: Korea.
H: Yeah. Because we went into Korea initially
H: to throw the North Koreans back from the 38th Parallel which we did.
So therefore, we achieved what we went to do. We didn't stop the North Koreans from being there. But we achieved the mission that we had, and MacArthur made a lot of mistakes. It could have turned into a bigger mess than, than, uh, what we wanted. But, uh, you needed a lot steady heads and, uh, a little bit of diplomacy. But I say, rest assured that I personally think a lot, and I love the people of Korea a tremendous lot because
you, as I say, your work ethic, and that with me goes a long way because I'm still working.
I: You shouldn't stop. Thank you so much, Henry.
H: You're right.
I: It's a great interview, and thank you for sharing your stories.
H: I hope you enjoyed it.
I: Thank you. Oh yeah, absolutely.
H: And if you want any more bits of it, I have a [INAUDIBLE] you can say to them people in Korea can have a look on the archives, [INAUDIBLE] Australia
I: Sure.
H: Henry Pooley, 1020 and, uh, I'll probably get bored.
Henry (Harry)
1st Common Wealth Division, 1st Battalion Royal Australian Regiment, Headquarter Company, 10th Platoon
Hill 355 - Little Gibraltar
Maryang-san
Signal Corp/Radio Operator
Wounds:
Pierced Ear Drums and Sprained Spinal Column
Revisited Korea?:


text:
Black Holes & Cosmology
What could a space ship do if it stopped because it ran out of fuel?
October 20, 2020 October 20, 2020 by Admin
Contrary to the suggestion of the question, a space ship would not stop when it runs out of fuel. Even though there are objects in space like gas, dust and particles, they are in such low concentrations and so spread out that it is highly unlikely that a space ship would come into contact with anything.
This means that the space ship in question would not be slowed down by anything in space, or that it is highly unlikely that it would. This is because there would be no friction that would enable anything in space to slow down a space ship.
A space ship does not need constant thrust in order for it to move through space, unlike a ship on the ocean. Even when the thrust that comes from the fuel runs out, the space ship will still move forward thanks to the momentum that came from the fuel.
This momentum will then carry the space ship forward on the same trajectory that it was already travelling, even when the fuel runs out and the engine shuts off.
This momentum will continue to carry the space ship at a constant speed. And since it would cost an extortionate amount of money to send fuel into space for a space ship, space ships will tend to be designed to use as little fuel as possible. Not only would it be incredibly expensive to get fuel to a space ship, it would also be heavy and impractical.
Since space ships need to conserve fuel, the engines are normally turned off for most of the journey. This is because the space ship will still be moving even without the use of fuel as has already been explained. The engines will then only be turned on to decelerate.
So, when you watch Star Wars or any other movie that is set in space, you may realise that if a space ship constantly has its engines on, this is an unnecessary use of fuel.
In answer to the question, a space ship would not simply stop if it ran out of fuel; its momentum would keep it moving through space.
And since it is impractical to send up fuel to replenish the fuel supplies of a space ship, this hypothetical space craft would likely keep moving until it collided with something, which is quite unlikely to happen in space.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Lisle Township is announcing 3 public feedback sessions in order to obtain community input on the a permanent solution for the Assessor's office space.
All 3 meetings will be the same format and content, and are intended to allow residents to attend one meeting around potentially busy schedules.
Meetings will be held from 7:00 to 8:45 pm on July 24, August 1, and August 6.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Building on a Legacy
Dorothy Hamm Middle School
Our expansion of this historic school building celebrates its importance in the history of the African American civil rights movement. As the first public school in Virginia to desegregate after the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the school is a testament to equity and innovation in education. Our design honors this legacy with interpretive elements and furthers it by supporting new ways of teaching and learning.
We carefully sited the addition at one end of the building to preserve the historic façade and the entrance students used in the desegregation era. The addition introduces new areas that promote interdisciplinary learning, including a maker space, decision theater-style labs, and a student commons with an integrated media wall.
Platinum Design Award, Virginia School Boards Association
Merit Award, Design Arlington
Silver Award, Association for Learning Environments Virginia Chapter/Southeast Conference
Dorothy Hamm Middle School Wins 2021 Virginia School Board Association Platinum Award
We wanted to move away from the traditional classroom. The teacher is not the sage on the stage anymore; the teacher is the coach. They're facilitating the building of skills through rich content and enriching learning experiences.
Ellen Smith
Principal - Dorothy Hamm Middle School
A Civil Rights Landmark
On Feb. 2, 1959, Stratford Junior High School admitted four African American students, becoming the first Virginia public school to desegregate. The school was renamed after longtime activist Dorothy Hamm, one of the plaintiffs in the civil suit that forced state-wide school desegregation.
Honoring Trailblazers
Interpretive graphics throughout the school and site honor Ronald Deskins, Michael Jones, Lance Newman, and Gloria Thompson – the 12-year-old students who integrated the school – and other figures in the civil rights movement.
Sustainable Design on Display
Displays throughout the building teach students about its sustainable features, such as the upgraded building envelope and systems that reduce energy use and the green roof and bioretention areas that manage storm water runoff.
The design was informed by input gathered at more than 50 community engagement meetings. Stakeholder groups included students, parents, faculty, the School Board, a Superintendent's Special Committee on Historic Interpretation, and the county Historical Affairs and Landmark Review Board.
A New Chapter
Modernizing a 1980s High School


text:
Home News Tech Google Hindi Input for your Android device
Google Hindi Input for your Android device
Hindi is spoken by hundreds of millions of people in India and around the world. But reconciling the breadth and complexity of the Devanagari script and the limitations of a QWERTY keyboard can be a barrier to communication, particularly on mobile devices.
Google India recently launched the Google Hindi Input app on Google Play. If you have an Android smartphone or tablet, Google Hindi Input is the quickest and easiest way to compose emails, send messages and post on social networks using Devanagari script.
Google Hindi Input has two methods for writing Hindi text. In transliteration mode, you simply type a Hindi word in English (like namaste), and the app will automatically convert the word to Devanagari script (नमस्ते).
Hitting the globe button switches to a full Devanagari script keyboard, with Hindi consonants ordered alphabetically on two pages. In this mode, you can long press at any time to select various forms of a consonant.
Google Hindi Input is the first Indic language input method on Android, but definitely not the last from the Google Internationalization team — stay tuned for more.
Also check out our Hindi language and other Indic input tools, available as Chrome extensions, Windows applications and in various Google products, not to mention the tutorial video below for helpful tips and tricks.
Source: Google India Blog
Related Posts:Android Secret Codes
Google brings Nexus 7 to India for Rs.15,999Google Keep – Keepsake?
Google News for Tablets – The new experience
www.theunbiasedblog.com


The Pazzi Conspiracy was an important event in the history of the city of Florence, a center of the Italian Renaissance. The name comes from a wealthy banking family of Tuscany who traced their lineage to a famous eleventh-century crusader, whose bold fighting style during a siege of Jerusalem earned him the nickname of "Pazzo" (the Madman). In honor of their illustrious ancestor, each year the Pazzi struck a light from a stone of the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre on Holy Saturday, the day before Easter, to relight the altar candles in the Duomo, the cathedral of Florence.
At a time when the Medici family ruled Florence, the wealthy and ambitious Pazzi were striving to usurp the Medici and take control of the city for themselves. To this end, they allied with Pope Sixtus IV, who was at odds with the Medici over contested territory between the Papal States of central Italy and Tuscany, the region dominated by Florence. A loan from the Pazzi bank allowed the pope to purchase strategic land and cities in exchange for granting the Pazzi a monopoly on valuable mines. Furious by this arrangement, Lorenzo de' Medici took his revenge by thwarting the pope's efforts to appoint Francesco Salvati, an ally of the Pazzi, as an archbishop in Tuscany.
With the pope's connivance, the Pazzi then allied with Salvati and Girolamo Riario, the pope's nephew, to kill Lorenzo and his brother Giuliano de' Medici during Sunday services in the Duomo. Federigo da Montefeltro, the Duke of Urbino, was brought into the plot and promised to bring a company of six hundred men to Florence in support of the Pazzi. During the solemn singing of Mass on the appointed day, April 26, 1478, a group of men fell on Giuliano de' Medici and brutally stabbed him to death, while his brother escaped to the sacristy of the church. Unable to reach Lorenzo through a locked door, the conspirators left the Duomo and then attempted to capture the Signoria (town hall) of Florence. They were captured by an angry mob of Florentine citizens and immediately lynched. Salviati himself was hanged from the wall of the Signoria, an execution captured in a famous sketch by Leonardo da Vinci. In revenge for the killing of the archbishop, the pope forbade Mass to be held in Florence, and enlisted the king of Naples to attack the city. Lorenzo de' Medici, however, voyaged to Naples to surrender himself to the king and dissuade him from this plan. The conspiracy resulted in the exact opposite of what it intended, laying low the Pazzi dynasty in Florence and in-spiring widespread support of Medici rule in Florence.
"Pazzi Conspiracy." The Renaissance. . Encyclopedia.com. 18 Apr. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
Pazzi conspiracy (pät´tsē), 1478, plot against Lorenzo de' Medici (Lorenzo il Magnifico) and his brother Giuliano, designed to end the hegemony of the Medici in the Florentine state and to enlarge papal territory. It was instigated by Pope Sixtus IV, his nephew Gerolamo Riario, Archbishop Salviati, and members of the Pazzi family, a wealthy Florentine family that rivaled the Medici. Actually, the Pazzi were tools in the conspiracy, which aimed not only at the death of the Medici, but at the elevation of Riario to power in Florence. Details of the plot were worked out by Salviati and the Pazzi while Riario and the pope remained in Rome. On Apr. 26, during High Mass at the cathedral, Giuliano de' Medici was stabbed to death, while Lorenzo escaped with a wound. The enraged Florentines seized and killed the conspirators. The Medici remained firmly entrenched in power.
"Pazzi conspiracy." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. . Encyclopedia.com. 18 Apr. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.


text:
Ferrocenophane, auch ansa-Ferrocene (ansa, griechisch für: "Henkel, Griff"), sind metallorganische Verbindungen, die sich vom Ferrocen ableiten. In dieser Verbindungsklasse sind die Cyclopentadienylliganden des Ferrocens durch eine oder mehrere Brückengruppen verbunden. Dadurch wird die Rotation der Cyclopentadienylliganden zueinander behindert, und die Reaktivität des Komplexes gegenüber der Stammverbindung Ferrocen wird verändert. Als Brückengruppen eignen sich eine Vielfalt von organischen und anorganischen Gruppen.

Nomenklatur

Bei Ferrocenophanen wird die Anzahl der Brückenatome mit einer Zahl in einer eckigen Klammern vor Namen bezeichnet. [2] Ferrocenophane stehen beispielsweise für Ferrocenophane mit zwei Brückenatomen. Ferrocenophane mit mehreren Atomen in einer Brücke erhalten entsprechend höhere Zahlen. Bei mehrfach verbrückten Ferrocenophanen wird die Anzahl der jeweiligen Brückenatome analog in mehreren Klammern angezeigt, zum Beispiel ein Ferrocenophan mit zwei jeweils drei Atomen enthaltene Brücken wird als [3] [3] Ferrocenophan bezeichnet.

Geschichte
Die ersten Vertreter dieser Verbindungsklasse wurden in den 1950er Jahren hergestellt.

Eigenschaften

Ein wichtiger Parameter ist der Winkel, den die beiden Cyclopentadienylliganden zueinander einnehmen. Die Reaktivität erhöht sich oft mit zunehmendem Winkel. Kohlenstoffverbrückte [1] Ferrocenophane existieren aufgrund der hohen Ringspannung nicht. Bei heteroatomverbrückten [1] Ferrocenophanen sind Bindungswinkel von 18 bis 27° bekannt. Je nach Verbrückung können die Cyclopentadienylliganden des Ferrocengrundkörpers eine gestaffelte oder ekliptische Konformation aufweisen.

Je nach Art der Verbrückung können die Ferrocenophane verschiedene Symmetrieelemente aufweisen, etwa eine zweizählige Symmetrieachse. Es existieren Ferrocenophane, die auf Grund ihrer Konfiguration optisch aktiv sind. Einige der optisch aktiven Ferrocenophanderivate sind wegen ihrer starren Konformation zum Beispiel durch Racematspaltung in ihre Enantiomere trennbar.

Herstellung

Eine wichtige Ausgangsverbindung zur Herstellung von Ferrocenophanen ist Dilithiumferrocen. Dieses kann einfach über die Reaktion von Ferrocen mit n-Butyllithium in Gegenwart von Tetramethylethylendiamin hergestellt werden. Durch Reaktion von Dilithiumferrocen mit zum Beispiel Dimethyldichlorsilan lassen sich siliziumverbrückte Ferrocenophane herstellen.

Anwendung
Ferrocenophane finden Anwendung in der Herstellung von Polyferrocenen durch ringöffnende Polymerisation.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

 Ferrocenophane
Stoffgruppe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Imagine your closest friends, a cup or two of coffee, infectious laughter and the soothing music of the waves splashing against the coast right in front of you.
Nope, not a dream. Just get on the ferry to Mandwa and head to Kiki's Café and Deli to enjoy a peaceful view with some good food. The cafe is located near the jetty and serves some quick bites and beverages along with an amazing view.
The interiors are fun, colourful and funky. The indoor seating is spacious with different seating to accommodate a small as well as a large group. However, the outdoor seating is the real deal, with the view of the beach, this is just amazing for a morning breakfast or an evening coffee. The cafe opens at 8 am, which is just perfect! We visited the cafe early Sunday morning for a lazy breakfast and came back happy, although a little light in the pockets!
Here is a peep into what our Sunday morning looked like, or rather, tasted like!
Egg Kejriwal: I am no master on this dish, but it tasted as good as it looks! Two runny fried eggs with lots of chillies, salt and pepper. The bread was toasted to the perfect golden brown shade and the dish overall was yummy!
The Allibugger Pizza is one of the items you should definitely give a shot. Thin crust flatbread, with mildly spicy green chutney (mint) as the base, which gave it a mouthwatering aroma. The toppings included potatoes (surprising, I know), capsicum and onions with lots of cheese! Loved it!
Green Garlic Paneer: Soft malai paneer pieces, made crispy on the outside by shallow frying them. The paneer melts in the mouth at the first bite. Tossed in a semi-dry garlic and spring onion mixture, this one was well made. The quantity is really little, though.
Kiki's Cafe and Deli is a place to chill and unwind, away from the cacophony and pollution of Mumbai. Although it does lack music and maybe a few games to keep people more engaged, there is an option of enjoying some basic water rides at the beach. Apparently, they also arrange for speed boat rides to and fro Mumbai.
Overall Experience: The cafe is not really light on the pocket, but a splurge that is well justified. Just imagine the view and ambience in rains! The ambience is good and the service is friendly. The food is not extraordinary but a few things are good. Their pizzas especially are a good deal. Our bill came to a total of ₹ 2910.
How to get here – Take a ferry from Gateway of India, Colaba for Mandwa. The prices range between 110 to 180, with multiple options like the upper-deck and AC sections as well in certain ferries. Speedboats are also available. There are ferries every 30 minutes but the last ferry back to Mumbai is at 7 pm. (Please check for current changes in timings and prices).


Take It EASY (Empowerment And Self-Esteem for Youth) is a program that addresses the complex issues facing young people - especially girls between ages 10 and 15.
- making our communities better places to live and grow up.
The objective of Take It Easy is to create strategies to help foster the self-esteem and confidence of preteen Club members and enable them to make more informed decisions about the challenges they face in life.
The candidates for the school groups will be selected by the school staff.
The WINTER SESSION (Boys and Girls Clubs of Kawartha Lakes) will be for girls only, in grades 4, 5 and 6. Date: TBD. Sessions will be cancelled if a snow day is called. Includes participation in a Fun Night date TBD. Information to follow once the session begins.
Ongoing skills and themes throughout the session are leadership; conflict resolution and problem-solving; respect; volunteerism and fundraising; and social skills.
There is no cost to members for this program and a $3.00 daily drop-in fee/night for non-members.


I was commissioned in 2000 to realise some concept designs models for temporary bridges over railway tracks. These modular, filament-wound resin sections would be delivered by train and craned into place. The model was used to test the concept and the market interest in the idea.


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Home COVID-19 Situation Report No. 3 for UNFPA Eastern and Southern Africa
COVID-19 Situation Report No. 3 for UNFPA Eastern and Southern Africa
All 23 countries in the region have reported confirmed COVID-19 cases, with Lesotho's first confirmed case on 12 May. South Africa has highest number of new cases in the region and the continent, with 7,808 cases and 153 deaths.
There are varying degrees of testing with Malawi as the lowest with 70 tests per 1 million population compared to 18,845 in Mauritius. Private sector testing is still limited to South Africa and Kenya. Over 500,000 people have been tested in the region with South Africa accounting for over 65% of the total tests done.
Some countries are easing restrictions, with Madagascar the first country to lift lockdown and reopen schools.
UNFPA is working with governments and partners to address COVID-19, and ensure continuity of services.
UNFPA established a tracking matrix for disruption of health services to verify and support countries to respond.
Burundi has upcoming elections with political rallies and minimal social distancing, which could potentially lead to an increase in infections. The Malawi government attempt to institute a lockdown was rejected after a court injunction.
Almost 4 million refugees and over 9 million internally displaced persons are faced with limited humanitarian access.
Over 45 million food insecure people in Southern Africa have been hard hit by the socio-economic impact of the restrictions, especially Zimbabwe. the desert locust invasion in the East and Horn of Africa with COVID-19 poses a food crisis, which could have significant effects on women and girls' sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and potentially lead to a rise in gender-based violence (GBV).
All country offices supported and commemorated the International Day of the Midwife with governments and partners honoring the role of midwives in the COVID-19 response.
Reporting on Gender-Based Violence in the Syria Crisis: A Training Manual This training manual enables a journalist or other trainer to conduct a two- or three-day training workshop to help participants understand the concept gender-based violence and ethical principles of reporting on...
More than Numbers More than Numbers is a reference tool for all sectors of the humanitarian community and a potential source for advocacy and planning for the prevention of and response to gender-based violence.
UNFPA Provides Support for Women and Girls as Humanitarian Situation Deteriorates in Central...
BANGUI, Central African Republic – As the humanitarian situation continues to deteriorate in Central African Republic (CAR), UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund, is providing emergency assistance for women and girls of childbearing age affected by the fighting.
Women's Health Critical for Recovery in Aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan, Says UNFPA Executive Director
TACLOBAN CITY, Philippines — The international community must make women's health a priority as typhoon-hit areas in the Philippines begin reconstruction and recovery, said Dr.
Volunteers Provide Aid and Hope in Wake of Super Typhoon
affected by super typhoon Haiyan. For many young people, volunteering has become a way to cope with the devastation while making a difference in their communities.


Apple is slowly expanding its mobile payment platforms worldwide – it was recently launched in Canada and Australia, and Apple is rumoured to be flipping the switch in China early next year – but that doesn't necessarily mean that the most-talked-about mobile wallet is among the most popular payment methods.
To bring more insight into that, research firm InfoScout (via QZ)collected data from 300,000 shoppers on Black Friday and found only half as many eligible purchases were made using Apple Pay this year as on Black Friday than last year, when the service was about a month old.
Before you jump into early conclusions, let's add that InfoScout measured only offline purchases, so it doesn't include data from mobile apps such as AirBnb, Uber, Target, and Best Buy, which all integrated Apple Pay, so take the data with a pinch of salt.
However, it is still worth wondering for a minute what could be the cause for the slow adoption of Apple Pay. It has been available for more than a year now, and during this time Apple has continuously added retail partners and banks in the US. In Canada and other countries, the situation is a bit different, though. Did you use Apple Pay on Black Friday?


I've had a freeze on new Louder Minds group members while I've been updating our rules.
If you're one of the 1,500 people waiting for approval, sorry! We'll start approving members again shortly.
Who is the Louder Minds group for?
This is a group for introverts.
Not sure if that's you? Check out What Is An Introvert? and What Every Introvert Needs To Know.
To value intelligence and depth.
You can post funny memes, questions, observations, insights about yourself – anything related to the introvert life as you see it, subject to the rules below.
Don't insult others, provoke drama, or post nasty memes as comments.
Do give people the benefit of the doubt.
We've all said things that come out wrong, all had bad days. Let things go.
Don't use the group to try to sell something or convert people to a viewpoint.
Don't friend or message members unless you've made a genuine connection.
NOTE: I share articles from the Louder Minds blog and ask for input for Louder Minds articles I'm writing.
Do describe your experience and ask for specific input such as suggestions, support, encouragement, or others' experiences.
Don't make vague, general, life-is-horrible complaints. They bring down the tone of the group and make it difficult for others to offer input.
NOTE: If you have clinical anxiety or depression then please seek professional help. This group is not equipped to provide clinical support. Please take proper care of yourself and let this group be an added source of humour and interaction.
Do adopt a scroll-by attitude. Trouble-makers are inevitable on the internet, but we can let their posts sink by ignoring them. Give your attention, likes, and comments to interesting, funny, thought-provoking, insightful, helpful posts. If you don't like something or have nothing constructive to add, ignore it.
Don't take offence. Assume the best of the other person, or simply choose to rise above it. Don't feel you have to defend every point.
Do help keep our group self-regulating, which is possible if most of us behave well.
Do REPORT a post or TAG me if you see spam or something that explicitly violates our rules.
Don't message me as my profile is set to accept Facebook messages only from friends. I'm an extreme introvert – and I need my boundaries.
I'll update/add to these rules as needed.
Meanwhile, your feedback is welcome!
And you can join our group here.
Hi Laura. You can join the group here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/683358461816174/. We'll be going through the outstanding requests over the next couple of weeks.


I have been living my life in a bubble for the last month, I have been so focused on one thing and one thing only. I have neglected everything for this one thing, mostly I have neglected myself. I cannot believe that I allowed myself to become so focused on one thing again. I never learn, I keep doing this because for some nutty reason I neglect to learn the lesson attached so that I can move on. I have had the nerve in my 20's to be so damn judgmental, now I reflect on that girl and how far I have come in my life. I brought myself up from no where, I was 18 and on social assistance with a grade 11 education. I worked so hard to get my GED and go to community college. I wanted a better life, I wanted to take care of myself. Well I did that, I can take care of me and I can take care of Valentina money wise but everything else has fallen apart with me wanting to be so independent, I sacrificed myself along the way.
I gained a ton of experience and I am not sure that I would want to change them, it made me who I am today, I like myself as a person but I am not happy with my behavior. What I mean by that is that I have always been a very honest and direct kind of person, I don't play around with wondering, I know if I like someone almost immediately. I usually read people well, some have hidden their real self long enough for me to care about them, those are the worst. I like the direct and honest approach and I have just been sitting around waiting, waiting, I have to ask myself for what, nothing or no one is going to just hop into my life.
I am going to have to get out there, get back to the gym, blog more, spend more time outdoors this summer and get my license. I just needed to re focus but before I take this on 100 percent, I am going to have to take the direct and honest approach and hope it gives me an edge in getting what I want in life.
It's exhausting and boring. I am really going to go on a limb to see if there is anyway I can have what I really want in my life.
I will live with the consequences as the end goal is worthy of the effort I have put into attaining this one thing, I have to give in one last try. At least I will have a chance and then I will know for sure one way or the other so I can move on if it doesn't work out the way I hope.
I love trying to figure somebody out, it is a passion of mine. I talk a lot so other people will feel at ease and talk to me too. I listen to everything I am told and try to understand what makes someone who they are. Basically people just want to be loved and acknowledged. I know that I probably lost my opportunity with who I really wanted because I wasn't seeing them in the right light. Now that I do, it makes me wish that I would be in tune so that I didn't miss out on great opportunities.
Opening yourself up for love is one of the hardest things to do, it is always so scary. It means admitting your feelings when you are not sure how the other person feels. It is lonely before you open up then scary as hell waiting to hear the same words returned and then not getting it. It makes it so hard to want to build yourself up again to try again to probably only get the same response.
I spent most of this weekend just thinking about things, so many things my mind raced with images. I wondered how I ended up where I am now when I used to have so many wonderful things in my life. Yet I have done things that are not me because I have not been able to come to terms with what I had to deal with. Councilors act like it is normal to act out, I don't know how this can be good., I am usually busy all weekend, keeping is contact with all my friends but this weekend I just spent time with me and then a day with Valentina,. It has been a tough week for both her an me with my hurting my back and not being able to look after her.
I also found out how some people think about me when they don't know that I might find out. It is so nice to know that I can be disregarded so easily. Other friends have been there and never given up on me, I appreciate them all so much.
I am a kind, loving, intelligent and fun person, I am never going to let anyone make me believe less of myself. I try hard to always be good to people that come into my life and yet I have not had the same favor in return. I honestly believe it is because I care too much and give way too much of my heart out. I only do this because I have been in love one time in my life. I know how wonderful it is, I know the joy it can bring and bonding. I have longed for that since I lost that love. I thought the only way that I could get that back was to be with him but that was not to be, what I was meant to do was open my heart to another. I finally did but I think I did it too late. I could not believe someone so wonderful could care for me too. When I finally realized it, I think it was too late, which is sad to me.
So now I have to get myself together and go back to getting to know people again. I just want to be strong enough as rejection takes alot out of me, it is emotionally hard to offer my feelings to another person, to have them ignored or rejected. A heart can only handle so much but I definitely need to move on.
I am hoping that I can work back to where I was 2 years ago before all this happened, I wonder how my life would be different. If I could have one wish in my life it would be to erase that night, it is my fondest desires. I lost so much that night and I am finally working on getting some of that back.
I am really hoping there will be a resolution and that I will learn to live with that night and move on maybe even fall in love. It cannot be too late for me, I would be wonderful to the right man and treat him like a king. He would know that he was loved, he wouldn't have to wonder.
Well one thing at a time, I am not going to overwhelm myself, like I usually do. I am just going to work at a good pace. Everything will come together, I will be back to where I want to be in record time.


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Home > Software > Development Tools and Software
Energy measurement aids microcontroller selection
Optimizing both power and performance on an ARM9 platform
BY MARKUS LEVY
Embedded Microprocessor Benchmark Consortium
http://www.eembc.org
and ROB COSARO
http://www.nxp.com
When choosing a microcontroller for an energy-saving application, design engineers get little help from manufacturer datasheets. The sheets provide no industry-standard way of representing power consumption or how features such as caches and integrated floating-point units affect energy consumption and performance.
When engineers attempt to compare processor cores that include system-on-chip implementations, interpreting these values becomes problematic. Vendors also use typical current numbers to characterize their processors, but only rarely do they indicate the workload that was applied while making these measurements. To address this problem, a methodology for measuring energy consumption under specific workloads was established by the Embedded Processor Benchmark Consortium (EEMBC). We will see how the methodology works using an ARM-9-based microcontroller as a test case.
The methodology and the need for standardization
Traditionally, EEMBC has focused on the performance aspect of processor behavior, developing benchmarks that represent the real-world aspects of embedded applications. Since it is important to be able to certify and verify the repeatability of all performance and power measurements, the methods must comply with common criteria. EnergyBench is the methodology developed by EEMBC to provide a benchmark utility that delivers data on the energy a processor consumes when running an application workload.
Making reliable measurements
EnergyBench uses the LabVIEW platform and a data acquisition card, from National Instruments. The DAQ card has multiple differential measurement channels to measure current and multiple single ended channels to measure voltage. EnergyBench uses the card to sample the voltage and current and a trigger channel to synchronize the performance benchmark.
EnergyBench has two software modules, one for measuring the data (power-sample module) and the other for analyzing the collected data (analyze module). The user has a graphical interface for the voltage and current, and a control button to start the data collection.
The benchmark is loaded into the microcontroller, and two GPIOs of the microcontroller are used as handshake lines to the power sample module. One tells the microcontroller to start the test and the other tells the power sample module when the benchmark has finished. After the benchmark finishes running multiple iterations, the analysis module calculates the average energy that was consumed for every iteration of the benchmark. An Energymark score is an optional metric that a manufacturer may choose to supply along with certified scores for performance as a way of declaring a processor's efficient use of energy.
ARM 9 results
An ARM926EJ-based microcontroller, the LPC3180 from NXP, was chosen to look at the effects different processor configurations have on power consumption. This processor was chosen since it has a large amount of internal memory--64 kbytes of general-purpose memory and 32 Kbytes of instruction and data cache. In addition, it has a vector floating-point unit and a low-voltage mode for reduced power consumption.
The accompanying tables show the results of the tests. The data indicate the vector floating-point unit has reduced the energy by about a factor of 4.5 and the instruction cache by about 1.4. Looking at the datasheets does not make clear the energy consumption benefits, in terms of the extra performance, gained by the vector floating-point unit and the large cache. These tables show the value energy measurements provide when determining which processor to choose and which options are important. The amount of energy the device consumes is directly related to the number of clocks it takes to perform the task. If the instruction cache is turned off, the program has to be fetched from memory on the AHB bus. This bus operates at half the frequency of the core, so it takes longer to execute, causing more energy to be consumed. If the instruction cache is turned on, the power increases because of the floating point calculations, but it is done faster since the cache operates at the core frequency, reducing overall energy consumption. When the floating point unit is enabled, it off-loads the processor and the instruction cache, resulting in a small increase in power but a large decrease in true energy consumption.
Effects of external memory on power consumption
For the majority of MCU-based applications, the memory subsystem design is a critical aspect affecting performance and energy consumption. When designing a low power system, memory subsystem choices and software design have a big impact on power consumption. These choices include memory types, code partitioning, and system features that save power.
One example is NXP's LPC3180 memory controller as a dynamic interface, which minimizes the power consumed by toggling I/O pads and supports large dynamic memories. Table 2 shows typical power consumption of four memory types at the same performance level. It shows a relative comparison and actual system performance that varies based on how the memories are used.
Most microcontrollers have internal SRAM and flash. The LPC3180 has 64 Kbytes of SRAM that runs at half the processor frequency and consumes significantly lower power when compared to accessing external memory. Specifically, the internal memories consume approximately 72 µW/MHz, which is 7.5 mA at 104 MHz of constant access.
External memory bus access draw more current because of the capacitance loads presented by the board and the memory chips. This makes code partitioning an important part of low-power design, were code that runs most should use internal resources.
The LPC3180 is an ARM9-based MCU with 32-Kbyte instruction and data caches, and a vector floating-point coprocessor.
Benchmark results show the effect of the three components of power consumption: (1) switching losses; (2) cross conduction losses; and (3) leakage losses. The first two are dynamic losses and represent the majority of the power consumed while running the benchmarks. ■
For more on MCUs and energy consumption, visit http://www.electronicproducts.com/digital.asp
Table 1. Effects of floating-point unit and cache memory on energy usage.
208MHz at 1.2 V Condition Energy/Interation (µJ) Power (mW) Iterations/sec
FP off IC off 22.9 118.54 5176
FP off IC on 16.25 137.74 8478
FP on IC off 4.25 113.26 26638
FP on IC on 3.64 119.38 32821
13 MHz at 0.9 V Condition Energy/Interation (µJ) Power (mW) Iterations/sec
FP off IC off 13.31 7.27 546
FP off IC on 11.57 7.76 670
FP on IC off 2.72 2.72 2549
FP on IC on 2.45 7.15 2920
Table 2. Comparing power consumption for 128-Mbyte memories with 16-bit bus width.
Memory Type Frequency (MHz) Voltage (V) Current (mA) Power (mW)
SDRAM 133 3.3 150 495
Mobile SDRAM 125 1.8 50 90
DDR 133 2.6 110 143*
Mobile SDRAM 133 1.8 80 72*
Note: * indicates power/2 to compare with SDRAM. DDR memory runs at twice the data rate of SDR memory dividing by two gives equivalent results.
Learn more about Embedded Microprocessor Benchm
Learn more about NXP Semiconductors


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Apple Watch Development
March 28, 2015 in Mobile Apps
by Lance Hesketh
The Apple Watch Challenge
Recently, a long-time client of ours asked if we could create an Apple Watch extension for an existing iOS app. Wearable technology is something that intrigues us at Caorda (a number of us use Fitbits to track activity, and the Pebble smartwatch has been a source of water cooler chatter) which made it an easy project challenge to accept. We've been developing apps for iOS since 2010, so we have a lot of comfort with Apple's development tools and the iOS API, however, programming for the Apple Watch presents some interesting challenges.
How Do You Test on a Device that's Not Available for Sale?
The Apple Watch will be available for purchase on April 24th, but our client (and many organizations like it) would like to have the app in Apple's App Store on day one. Since I wasn't one of the fortunate developers invited to the Cupertino labs to perform usability testing on our client's app on a production-ready Watch, I've had to make do with the simulator in Apple's Xcode development environment.
This is a limited environment that only provides access to the app in development; there is no ability to view the Apple Watch home screen or to work with any of the built-in apps such as Maps or Calendar. This means that there's a certain amount of faith involved when programming a feature that requires interaction with a built-in app. For our client's app, I'm taking Apple's documentation at face value when it tells me that tapping a static map in the app will launch the built-in Maps app.
The Limitations of a Simulator
There's a big difference between using an app in a simulator and using it on a real device: animations that seemed like a good idea in theory all of sudden feel clunky or slow; perhaps an application workflow that was an obvious choice during development just doesn't work when the device is in your hand. All of our iOS apps have changed as they've transitioned from simulator to device, and I know that this Watch app will undergo a similar evolution over the next few years. For now, I'm satisfied that the choices I've made will work for at least this initial release.
Make It Work Like it Does on my Phone
The initial idea for our client's Watch extension was to replicate the behavior of the related iOS app, but I quickly discovered that that's not the best approach for Watch apps. According to Apple's Human Interface Guidelines, apps on the Apple Watch should be "designed for quick, lightweight interactions", which meant I was much better off to reduce the functionality of the Apple Watch app so that it would perform only the most necessary of functions.
My design went from three functions and several screens to only one function and four screens. While logically this may seem like a step down, Watch apps should have a very specific function to perform. The truism "less is more" is one that definitely applies with this device and other like it.
But That's How You do it in iOS
iOS is a powerful and flexible platform for mobile development, and as an experienced iOS developer, I had this foolish notion that all of my knowledge would carry over to Watch development. That's true to a certain point, but the API functionality offered by Apple's WatchKit extension is much more limited due to the constraints of the device.
For example, iOS developers are used to having a plethora of user interface controls from which to choose. On the Apple Watch, there is a grand total of 10. The range of gestures is also greatly limited, consisting of only swipes and taps. Do you have a long-running or intensive process to run? It might be best to shuffle that processing off to the paired iPhone and only use the Apple Watch to display the results of your computation.
Currently, the Apple Watch requires a paired iPhone in order to perform many of its more useful functions. Based upon pundit analysis, this requirement may deter a lot of potential buyers. However, the stark reality is that wearable technology is not mature enough to meet our grand expectations, and in fact, nearly all of the current crop of wearables – whether it's an Android Wear-based smartwatch or a Fitbit activity tracker – require a paired phone in order to get the full benefit of the device. The Apple Watch is not new in this regard.
Apple has stated that the Apple Watch will support third-party native apps sometime this year, an upgrade which will remove some of the dependency on a paired iPhone. However, I believe it will be a long time before we see anything close to development parity between the Apple Watch and iOS devices like iPhone and iPad. In the meantime, I'm learning some great skills for programming functional apps for constrained devices.
As a matter of professional interest, I'm very intrigued to see where wearable technology is going. CCS Insight projects that wrist-worn smartbands will come to dominate the wearables market, with shipments of devices climbing to 135 million units in 2018 up from 9.7 million units in 2013.[1]
The transition from using a device we carry to a device we wear is a logical one, and the convergence of smartphone and smartwatch technologies is going to happen, although the results may not exactly be what we expect.
Need iOS or Apple Watch App Development?
As I've already confessed, Caorda has lots of development experience with iOS apps for Apple devices, but all of us developers are being forced to learn new tricks with a device like the Apple Watch that hasn't even been released yet.
If you have an iOS app that could leverage the display/sensor features of the new Apple Watch we would be more than happy to discuss development with you.
Let's chat about App Development
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C-Suite Radio
In the international bestseller, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman, the renowned psychologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, takes us on a groundbreaking tour of the mind and explains the two systems that drive the way we think. System 1 is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation—each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions.
Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, Kahneman reveals where we can and cannot trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking. He offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives—and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. Winner of the National Academy of Sciences Best Book Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize and selected by The New York Times Book Review as one of the ten best books of 2011, Thinking, Fast and Slow is destined to be a classic.
Click to Buy	Buy the Book
Daniel Kahneman is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology Emeritus at Princeton University, Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs Emeritus at the Woodrow Wilson School, and a fellow of the Center for Rationality at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his pioneering work integrating insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty. Much of this work was carried out collaboratively with Amos Tversky. Kahneman is the coauthor of several academic works, which include Heuristics and Biases: The Psychology of Intuitive Judgment; Choices, Values, and Frames; Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases; International Differences in Well-Being; and Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. He is the author of Thinking Fast and Slow.
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There's a school for elite dancers in Seoul, South Korea, that budding girl performers vie to get into. Entrance is highly competitive, but at least hopefuls do not have to worry about tuition costs.
School fees at this institution are sponsored by the Sunhwa Educational Foundation, so most talented girls can try for a place.
The school's founder, Reverend Sun Myung Moon was born in Jeongju, North Korea. He founded a religious order and, alongside, created projects like the Little Angels dance troupe.
The school had its genesis in the desolation of the 1950-52 Korean War and took shape amid South Korea's difficult recovery.
Famine, poverty and desolation were images most associated with the country at that time. Reverend Moon decided that creativity could fashion a different theme of peace and understanding.
In 1962 he decided a school and its pupils could best project the peaceful 5,000 year –old cultural traditions of South Korea around the world.
And so the Little Angels School for the Arts was established. It was renamed the Sun Hwa Arts school in 1974.
The Little Angels learn classical Korean dance. They also study singing and play traditional Korean instruments like drums. These young experts in folk ballet become cultural ambassadors.
From its first intake of 17 dancers, Sun Hwa Arts is now the foremost performing arts school in South Korea. It has one of the finest theatres and facilities in the country.
Famous alumni include the internationally renowned sopranos, Sumi Jo and Youngok Shin. Other alumni are the Ballerina Kang Sue-jin, who rose to become Principal Dancer at the Stuttgart Ballet.
Recent alumni are Korean actresses Park, Han Byul and Hwang, Jung Eum who was also a member of Korean pop group Sugar.
The Little Angels are about to visit Vienna, Frankfurt and London. The European visit is in collaboration with the Universal Peace Federation, a non-governmental organisation that has special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.
The troupe has travelled the world for the last 50 years, conveying a message of harmony and peace through performance. Since their first tour in 1965 the Little Angels have undertaken 7000 performances and 70 foreign tours in more than 60 countries.
Mrs Moon, Bo Young, is a Little Angels teacher and alumni of the Sun Hwa Arts School. As a 'Little Angel,' she had to work hard after class, doing homework and perfecting her traditional Korean dance moves.
Bo Young was part of the founding father's cultural diplomacy initiative and performed in Pyongyang in May 1998.
The impact of the Little Angels' visit to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in May 1998 was said to have 'opened a narrow path through a dark forest' for two nations officially still at war.
The North Korean leadership subsequently sent the Pyongyang Schoolchildren's Art Troupe, with whom the Little Angels had formed a sisterly bond, to tour South Korea in May 2000.
Mrs Moon recalls the visit to her neighbour country.
There was also a 1990 performance in Moscow that the First Lady, Raisa Gorbachev, enjoyed. This was shortly before diplomatic relations were restored between South Korea and the USSR.
In 2010, the Little Angels visited all of the countries that responded to the 1950 call by the United Nations to defend South Korea, to express the Korean people's gratitude. This tour was partly funded by the Korean Government.
The Little Angels are the face of the soft diplomacy that crosses many national boundaries around the world.


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Q: Reading data from a text file with pure javascript I have a text file with all of the english nouns called words.txt. And my goal is to look for a word given by the user in this file. But since I'm new to javascript, I was hoping to find a way with which, in pure javascript, I can save this file into a variable in which i can later look for the word that has been input.
EDIT: I would like a pure javascript way to do this, so no jquery or ajax.

A: There is such possibility offered by the File API:
http://www.w3.org/TR/file-upload/
You'll find there also code examples for using the API.
This is however not yet supported by all browsers.

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