The mission of the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering is to educate leaders in engineering and applied sciences through a rigorous graduate program that defines the frontiers of knowledge in our field and prepares them for careers in academia, industry, and government. Our program emphasizes achieving fundamental understanding in a broad range of topics, a deep understanding in a particular area, and excellent communications skills. The majority of outstanding technical problems in today's science and engineering require a multi-disciplinary approach, and our department has a strong tradition in defining and pursuing new research areas at the intersection of engineering, physics, chemistry, biological sciences, and applied mathematics.
We offer exciting opportunities for graduate study in areas as diverse as thermal sciences and energy conversion, fluid mechanics, materials science, biomechanics, dynamics and control, underwater vehicles, flight sciences, astronomical instrumentation and space optics, computational and experimental fluid mechanics, lasers and applied physics, propulsion, and environmental technology. In addition, Princeton University is at the forefront of interdisciplinary research, and students are encouraged to sample the opportunities provided by other departments within the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, as well as allied departments and programs outside the Engineering School.
There are normally about 100 students in residence selected from a diverse pool of applicants from around the world. The size of the student population ensures a close association between each student and a faculty adviser that continues from arrival to the completion of the degree program.
The department offers two separate degree programs: Master of Science in Engineering (M.S.E.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.). Almost all our students are in the Ph.D. program, which includes full financial support, whereas M.S.E. candidates generally provide their own financial support. Students are expected to conduct research full-time, including the summers. Applicants interested in the Ph.D. program may apply directly to that program; a master's degree is not required.
As a candidate for the doctoral program, the student, in consultation with a faculty adviser and the student's Ph.D. committee, develops an integrated program of study in preparation for a comprehensive general examination. After passing the general examination, the student prepares a dissertation displaying technical mastery of the field and the contributions to the advancement of knowledge, followed by a public presentation of the material to the technical community. Candidates in this program are required to complete a minimum of 10 courses throughout their enrollment. Eight of these courses must be completed in the first three semesters. Candidates are also required to be an assistant in teaching for a minimum of three semesters. The Ph.D. program typically lasts five years and includes full financial support. Every admitted Ph.D. student is given financial support in the form of a first-year fellowship. In addition, all admitted Ph.D. students are automatically considered for the prestigious Wu and Upton Fellowships.
With the permission of the Departmental Graduate Committee and the Graduate School, students in good standing in the Ph.D. program may transfer to the M.S.E. program to satisfy newly realized goals, provided they have not already been awarded the incidental M.A.
Each candidate is expected to demonstrate competence in certain core subjects to the satisfaction of the department as a whole. The basic topics vary for individual programs, but students are expected to complete eight courses for a grade (or seven courses plus a research experience) during the first three semesters prior to standing for the general exam. Two of the courses must be in mathematics and four must be in the student's primary area of research. Students must achieve a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Students must have taken at least 10 courses before standing for the Final Public Oral. Approved courses from other departments may be taken, and members of these departments may be invited to participate in the general examination. The balance of the courses can be taken for a grade or P/D/F, for a minimum of ten courses to fulfill degree requirements.
Approximately two months prior to the exam, the student must meet with the student's Ph.D. committee to discuss the topics the student will be expected to be familiar with for the general exam. Prior to this meeting, the student must prepare a two-page extended abstract that summarizes the research conducted so far, and plans for the research going forward. The main objectives of this meeting are to inform the committee about the research area the candidate is working in, and the candidate's progress to date; to give the candidate feedback about the extended abstract and the content of the seminar to be given for the research component of the general exam; and for the committee to agree on a set of topics the student will be expected to be familiar with for the subject component of the general exam. These topics could involve specific courses, books, and/or research papers.
In many cases, the Ph.D. committee will recommend that the student conduct an interview with one or more faculty members, before taking the general exam. The purpose of this interview is to explore, in depth, the student's knowledge of a subject area, to prepare the student for the general examination, and to identify areas where further study may be necessary.
The Ph.D. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering is a certification that the graduating student is well versed in the fundamentals of the student's chosen field, is capable of performing creative, independent research, and has the ability to effectively communicate original ideas to a broad audience. The general examination procedure exercises the department's responsibility for determining a student's potential to satisfactorily complete a Ph.D. and simultaneously encourages the student to review and consolidate material from various courses and research activities. The general examination process consists of two components: the research component, consisting of a 30-minute presentation with an open question period; followed by the subject component, a 90-minute oral examination covering the broader subject area related to the student's research. The general exam is normally taken in January of the second year.
The Master of Arts (M.A.) degree is normally an incidental degree on the way to full Ph.D. candidacy and is earned after a student successfully passes the general examination.
It is a requirement for students to teach a minimum of three (3) half-time assistant in instruction assignments in order to qualify for their Ph.D.
After successful completion of the general exam, the balance of the program is spent on dissertation research, teaching obligations, and additional courses. Candidates meet with their Ph.D. committee each year to review their research progress.
The culmination of the Ph.D. program is the writing of a thesis on a research topic explored by the student and a presentation of this work in a final public oral examination. The thesis must contain significant and original contributions to the advancement of a field of knowledge. Upon acceptance of the dissertation by the departmental faculty, candidates are admitted to the final public oral examination.
The Ph.D. is awarded after the candidate's doctoral dissertation has been accepted and the final public oral examination sustained.
Candidates for the M.S.E. program complete seven courses and write an acceptable thesis. The thesis is central to the program and is considered an integral aspect of graduate education in the field. It is the culmination of prior training and research and is expected to address a realistic and important problem. The thesis must be presented in good literary form and be written in good English. The technical quality is also expected to be high and differs from that expected for the Ph.D. only in the quantity of material presented. The M.S.E. program typically covers two years. The number of master's students admitted each year is limited.
Candidates for this program generally provide their own financial support.
To qualify for the M.S.E., each student must complete all Graduate School requirements, complete a minimum of seven courses selected in consultation with the faculty adviser, and submit an acceptable thesis. If only seven courses are taken, then they are to be completed in the first year. Students must achieve a GPA of 2.0 or higher.
A thesis is required of all master's candidates and is the culmination of the student's program of research conducted under the supervision of a faculty adviser. The M.S.E. thesis must be judged to contain material of publishable quality, presented in correct scholarly form, and written using good English.
Courses listed below are graduate-level courses that have been approved by the program's faculty as well as the Curriculum Subcommittee of the Faculty Committee on the Graduate School as permanent course offerings. Permanent courses may be offered by the department or program on an ongoing basis, depending on curricular needs, scheduling requirements, and student interest. Not listed below are undergraduate courses and one-time-only graduate courses, which may be found for a specific term through the Registrar's website. Also not listed are graduate-level independent reading and research courses, which may be approved by the Graduate School for individual students.
) A broad introduction to scientific computation using examples drawn from astrophysics. From computer science, practical topics including processor architecture, parallel systems, structured programming, and scientific visualization will be presented in tutorial style. Basic principles of numerical analysis, including sources of error, stability, and convergence of algorithms. The theory and implementation of techniques for linear and nonlinear systems of equations, ordinary and partial differential equations will be demonstrated with problems in stellar structure and evolution, stellar and galactic dynamics, and cosmology.
) The goal of this course is to teach basic tools and principles of writing good code, in the context of scientific computing. Specific topics include an overview of relevant compiled and interpreted languages, build tools and source managers, design patterns, design of interfaces, debugging and testing, profiling and improving performance, portability, and an introduction to parallel computing in both shared memory and distributed memory environments. The focus is on writing code that is easy to maintain and share with others. Students will develop these skills through a series of programming assignments and a group project.
) This is an introductory course to plasma physics, with sample applications in fusion, space and astrophysics, semiconductor etching, microwave generation: characterization of the plasma state, Debye shielding, plasma and cyclotron frequencies, collision rates and mean-free paths, atomic processes, adiabatic invariance, orbit theory, magnetic confinement of single-charged particles, two-fluid description, magnetohydrodynamic waves and instabilities, heat flow, diffusion, kinetic description, and Landau damping. The course may be taken by undergraduates with permission of the instructor.
) The course covers the fundamentals of the mechanics and thermodynamics of continua. It reviews concepts of tensor analysis on manifolds and tensor calculus. It then proceeds by developing the fundamental concepts of the kinematics of a deforming continuum. The notion of stress is then introduced and measures of stresses are discussed. Conservation of mass, balance of momentum and moment of momentum, conservation of energy in thermodynamic are discussed. Constitutive theories and the restriction of the second law are presented. The Euler-Lagrange equations are re-connected with balance laws.
) This course covers the fundamentals of linear system theory. Various topics important for further study in dynamic systems, control and communication and signal processing are presented.
) A study of the mathematical techniques found useful in the analysis and design of nonlinear systems. Topics include stability and qualitative behavior of differential equations, functional analysis and input/output behavior of systems, and "modern'' nonlinear system theory, which uses both geometric and algebraic techniques. Prerequisite: 521.
) Topics include an introduction to radiation generation at synchrotron and neutron facilities, elastic scattering techniques, inelastic scattering techniques, imaging and spectroscopy. Specific techniques include X-ray and neutron diffraction, small-angle scattering, inelastic neutron scattering, reflectometry, tomography, microscopy, fluorescence and infrared imaging, and photoemission spectroscopy. Emphasis is placed on application of the techniques for uncovering the material structure-property relationship, including energy storage devices, sustainable concrete, CO2 storage, magnetic materials, mesostructured materials and nanoparticles.
) Methods of mathematical analysis for the solution of problems in physics and engineering. Topics include an introduction to functional analysis, Sturm-Liouville theory, Green's functions for the solution of ordinary differential equations and Poisson's equation, and the calculus of variations.
) A complementary presentation of theory, analytical methods, and numerical methods. The objective is to impart a set of capabilities commonly used in the research areas represented in the Department. Standard computational packages will be made available in the courses, and assignments will be designed to use them. An extension of MAE 501.
MAE 502 Independent Research Project Directed study for Master of Engineering students. This course requires the student to have identified a faculty adviser and to have received approval for the research project from the MAE Graduate Committee.
MAE 509 Advanced Topics in Engineering Mathematics I Selected topics in mathematical methods, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include analytical methods for differential equations, numerical solution of hyperbolic equations, and statistical methods.
MAE 510 Advanced Topics in Engineering Mathematics II Selected topics in mathematical methods, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include analytical methods for differential equations, numerical solution of hyperbolic equations, and statistical methods.
MAE 511 Experimental Methods I A laboratory course that focuses on basic electronics techniques, digital electronics, and data acquisition and analysis. Topics include introduction to digital and analog electronics, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion, microcomputer sampling, and data analysis. There are four laboratory hours and two lecture hours per week. There is one project.
MAE 513 Independent Project I Directed study for Master of Engineering students. The topic is proposed by the student and must be approved by the student's research advisor and have received approval from the MAE Graduate Committee.
MAE 514 Master of Engineering Independent Project II Continuation of MAE 513. Directed study for Master of Engineering students. The topic is proposed by the student and must be approved by the student's research advisor and have received approval from the MAE Graduate Committee.
MAE 515 Extramural Summer Project A summer research project designed in conjunction with the student's advisor and an industrial, NGO, or government sponsor that will provide practical experience relevant to the student's thesis topic.
MAE 520 Advanced Topics in Experimental Methods II Selected topics in experimental methods, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include dynamic data analysis; instrumentation and systems analysis, scanning probe techniques, and nanoscale materials property measurements.
) An introduction to principles of lasers. Topics include a review of propagation theory, interaction of light and matter, Fourier optics, a survey and description of operational characteristics of lasers, light scattering, and nonlinear optics. Some introductory quantum mechanics will be covered to give students an appreciation of the basic tools for the interaction of light with matter and nonlinear optical phenomena.
) An intermediate-level course in applications of quantum mechanics to modern spectroscopy. The course begins with an introduction to quantum mechanics as a "tool" for atomic and molecular spectroscopy, followed by a study of atomic and molecular spectra, radiative, and collisional transitions, with the final chapters dedicated to plasma and flame spectroscopic and laser diagnostics. Prerequisite: one semester of quantum mechanics.
MAE 527 Physics of Gases Physical and chemical topics of basic importance in modern fluid mechanics, plasma dynamics, and combustion science: statistical calculations of thermodynamic properties of gases; chemical and physical equilibria; adiabatic temperatures of complex reacting systems; quantum mechanical analysis of atomic and molecular structure and atomic-scale collision phenomena; transport properties; reaction kinetics, including chemical, vibrational, and ionization phenomena; and propagation, emission, and absorption of radiation.
) Focus of this course is on fundamental processes in plasma thrusters for spacecraft propulsion with emphasis on recent research findings. Start with a review of the fundamentals of mass, momentum & energy transport in collisional plasmas, wall effects, & collective (wave) effects, & derive a generalized Ohm's law useful for discussing various plasma thruster concepts. Move to detailed discussions of the acceleration & dissipation mechanisms in Hall thrusters, magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, pulsed plasma thrusters, & inductive plasma thrusters, & derive expressions for the propulsive efficiencies of each of these concepts.
MAE 529 Advanced Topics in Applied Physics I Selected topics in applied physics, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include advanced plasma propulsion, linear and nonlinear wave phenomena, and x-ray lasers in biological investigations.
) Fundamentals of combustion: thermodynamics; chemical kinetics; explosive and general oxidative characteristics of fuels; premixed and diffusion flames; laminar and turbulent flame phenomena; ignition and flame stabilization; detonation, environmental combustion considerations; and coal combustion.
MAE 532 Combustion Theory Theoretical aspects of combustion: the conservation equations of chemically-reacting flows; activation energy asymptotics; chemical and dynamic structures of laminar premixed and nonpremixed flames; aerodynamics and stabilization of flames; pattern formation and geometry of flame surfaces; ignition, extinction, and flammability phenomena; turbulent combustion; boundary layer combustion; droplet, particle, and spray combustion; and detonation and flame stabilization in supersonic flows.
MAE 539 Advanced Topics in Combustion I Selected topics in theoretical and experimental combustion, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include turbulent combustion, theoretical calculations of rate constants, plasma fuels and natural resources, and nuclear propulsion and power plants.
MAE 540 Advanced Topics in Combustion II Selected topics in theoretical and experimental combustion, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include turbulent combustion, theoretical calculations of rate constants, plasma fuels and natural resources, and nuclear propulsion and power plants.
) Phase-plane methods and single-degree-of-freedom nonlinear oscillators; invariant manifolds, local and global analysis, structural stability and bifurcation, center manifolds, and normal forms; averaging and perturbation methods, forced oscillations, homoclinic orbits, and chaos; and Melnikov's method, the Smale horseshoe, symbolic dynamics, and strange attractors. Offered in alternate years.
MAE 542 Advanced Dynamics Principles and methods for formulating and analyzing mathematical models of physical systems; Newtonian, Lagrangian, and Hamiltonian formulations of particle and rigid and elastic body dynamics; canonical transformations, Hamilton-Jacob-Jacobi; Theory; and integrable and nonintegrable systems. Additional topics are explored at the discretion of the instructor.
MAE 543 Advanced Orbital Mechanics An advanced course in orbital motion of earth satellites, interplanetary probes, and celestial mechanics. Topics include orbit specification, orbit determination, Lambert's problem, Hill's equations, intercept and rendezvous, air-drag and radiation pressure, lagrange points, numerical methods, general perturbations and variation of parameters, earth-shape effects on orbits, Hamiltonian treatment of orbits, Lagrange's planetary equations, orbit resonances, and higher-order perturbation effects.
MAE 544 Nonlinear Control Nonlinear control of dynamical systems, with an emphasis on the geometric approach. The course gives an introduction to differential geometry, nonlinear controllability and constructive controllability, nonlinear observability, state-space transformations and stability, followed by study of a selection of nonlinear control design methods, including techniques motivated by geometric mechanics.
MAE 545 Special Topics in Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Topics vary according to the interests of the class but are drawn from emerging numerical discretization methods (finite elements, finite volume, spectral, boundary element and vortex methods), boundary condition treatment, complex geometry modeling and grid generation, solution algorithms (direct solvers, conjugate gradient, multigrid, Fourier and wavelet transforms), and parallel software and computer architectures.
MAE 546 Optimal Control and Estimation An introduction to stochastic optimal control theory and application. It reviews mathematical foundations and explores parametric optimization, conditions for optimality, constraints and singular control, numerical optimization, and neighboring-optimal solutions. Least-squares estimates, propagation of state estimates and uncertainty, and optimal filters and predictors; optimal control in the presence of uncertainty; certainty equivalence and the linear-quadratic-Gaussian regulator problem; frequency-domain solutions for linear multivariable systems; and robustness of closed-loop control are all studied.
MAE 551 Fluid Mechanics An introduction to fluid mechanics. The course explores the development of basic conservation laws in integral and differential form; one-dimensional compressible flows, shocks and expansion waves; effects of energy addition and friction; unsteady and two-dimensional flows and method of characteristics. Reviews classical incompressible flow concepts, including vorticity, circulation, and potential flows. Introduces viscous and diffusive phenomena.
) The mechanics of viscous flows. The course explores the kinematics and dynamics of viscous flows; solution of the Navier Stokes equations; the behavior of vorticity; the boundary layer approximation; laminar boundary layer with and without pressure gradient; separation; integral relations and approximate methods; compressible laminar boundary layers; instability and transition; and turbulent boundary layers and self-preserving turbulent shear flows.
MAE 553 Turbulent Flow Physical and statistical descriptions of turbulence, and a critical review of phenomenological theories for turbulent flows. The course examines scales of motion; correlations and spectra; homogeneous turbulent flows; inhomogeneous shear flows; turbulent flows in pipes and channels; turbulent boundary layers; calculation methods for turbulent flows (Reynolds stress equations, LES, DNS); and current directions in turbulence research. This course is offered in alternate years.
MAE 555 Non-Equilibrium Gas Dynamics Noncontinuum description of fluid flow and Liouville and Boltzmann equations. The course examines molecular collisions; detailed balancing; Chapman-Enskog expansion for near-equilibrium flows; transport phenomena; flows with transnational, vibrational and chemical non-equilibrium; shock structure; and shear and mixing layers with chemical reactions.
MAE 557 Simulation and Modeling of Fluid Flows Numerical methods are applied to solve the equations that govern fluid motion. Fluid flow problems involve convection, diffusion, and source terms. The governing equations are non-linear and coupled. Finite-difference and finite volume methods are considered, together with concepts of accuracy, consistency, stability, convergence, conservation, and shock capturing. A range of current methods is reviewed with emphasis on multidimensional steady and unsteady compressible flows. Homework topics include writing codes to solve the conservation equation for a scalar, boundary layer flow, shock tube flow, application to curvilinear coordinates.
MAE 558 Simulation and Modeling of Turbulent Fluid Flows The foundation of CFD as applied to turbulent flows. Concepts of numerical accuracy and bandwidth are introduced. Aliasing and Nyquist criteria are discussed. Solutions in differential form and wave space are studied. The numerical representation of turbulent transport, production, and dissipation are discussed. Techniques for the simulation and modeling of turbulent flows are described, including direct numerical simulation (DNS), large-eddy simulation (LES), and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS). Homework topics include writing codes to solve isotropic turbulence using DNS, LES, and RANS methodologies.
MAE 559 Advanced Topics in Fluid Mechanics I Selected topics in fluid mechanics, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include advanced computational fluid dynamics, turbulence in fluids and plasmas, hydrodynamic stability and turbulence.
) Fracture involves processes at multiple time and length scales. This course covers the basic topics including energy balance, crack tip fields, toughness, dissipative processes, and subcritical cracking. Fracture processes are then examined as they occur in some modern technologies, such as advanced ceramics, coatings, composites, and integrated circuits. The course also explores fracture at high temperatures and crack nucleation processes.
) This course describes natural patterns arising from instabilities in nature, and discusses their importance in the environment. We analyze phenomena at various scales, as diverse as wave breaking at the ocean surface, internal mixing in the atmosphere and the ocean, volcanic plumes, convection cells in the atmosphere, the break-up of fluid ligaments or bubble bursting at an interface. The course details mathematical tools (linear and non-linear stability analysis, symmetry arguments, solitons to non-linear equations such as shocks and solitions), as well as present laboratory and numerical demonstration of the instabilities.
) Stress/strain behavior of materials; dislocation theory and strengthening mechanisms; yield strength; materials selection. Fundamentals of plasticity, Tresca and Von Mieses yield criteria. Case study on forging: upper and lower bounds. Basic elements of fracture. Fracture mechanics. Mechanisms of fracture. The fracture toughness. Case studies and design. Fatigue mechanisms and life prediction methodologies.
) Bioengineering is proof that exciting developments happen at the interfaces between fields. This course introduces students to approaches spanning biomechanics and biophysics, biomaterials and tissue engineering, and biomedical device design. These approaches are explored in the context of single cells, tissues, and whole organisms. Sample topics include: mechanobiology, surface chemistry and the cell:material interface, the biomechanics of locomotion, and "lab on a chip"technologies. Special emphasis is placed on introducing practical biomedical examples from the bench to the operating room.
MAE 569 Advanced Topics in Materials and Mechanical Systems I Selected topics in materials and mechanical systems, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include high temperature protective coatings, multifunctional materials, MEMS, advanced computational methods in materials engineering.
MAE 574 Unmaking the Bomb:The Science &Technology of Nuclear Nonproliferation, Disarmament, and Verification Nuclear weapons have re-emerged as one of the main global security challenges of our time. Reducing the dangers posed by these weapons will require new verification technologies, and this course covers the relevant science and technology. Part I examines the fundamental principles of nuclear fission, nuclear radiation, and radiation detection. Hands-on prototyping team projects in Part II explore possible new inspection systems. These projects can involve autonomous robots, machine learning techniques, IoT devices, and new detector types. In a virtual-reality exercise at the end of the semester, we examine the viability of these systems.
MAE 580 Advanced Topics in Energy and Environment II Selected topics in energy and the environment, with an emphasis on advances relevant to research activities represented in the department. Possible topics include combustion control and emissions, economic development and energy resources, and energy efficiency.
MAE 597 Graduate Seminar in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering A seminar of graduate students and staff presenting the results of their research and recent advances in flight, space, and surface transportation; fluid mechanics; energy conversion; propulsion; combustion; environmental studies; applied physics; and materials sciences. There is one seminar per week and participation at presentations by distinguished outside speakers. Participation is required by first year graduate students.
MAE 598 Graduate Seminar in Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering A seminar of graduate students and staff presenting the results of their research and recent advances in flight, space, and surface transportation; fluid mechanics; energy conversion; propulsion; combustion; environmental studies; applied physics; and materials sciences. There is one seminar per week and participation at presentations by distinguished outside speakers. Partipcation by first year graduate students is required.
) Emphasizes the connection between microstructural features of materials (e.g., grain size, boundary regions between grains, defects) and their properties, and how processing conditions control structure. Topics include thermodynamics and phase equilibria, microstructure, diffusion, kinetics of phase transitions, nucleation and crystal growth, phase separation, spinodal decomposition, glass formation, and the glass transition.
) The first part of the course contains fundamental chemical concepts and basic ideas needed to calculate the difference between the bulk properties of matter and the properties of aggregates. The second part describes the tools needed to probe matter at the nanoscale level. The third part discusses examples of nanoscale materials (clusters, monolayers, fullerenes, biomolecules) and their applications.


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Law Of Business
Study Law
Romeo And Juliet Law Oregon
By William Hewitt January 6, 2023 Law
You can ask your close friends or relatives for references of any modest business enterprise lawyer and civil litigation lawyer about your neighborhood. They really should have enough legal and enterprise experience to manage your routine function and to represent you efficiently in case of any legal problem. The lawyer you pick out should be reliable and accessible by means of distinctive indicates, such as by means of phone and e mail, so you have many methods to attain them in case of an emergency. A business lawyer really should also have in depth information about the a variety of contracts, licenses or permits expected to run your company in your state whereas a civil lawyer need to be well versed about crime, private injury, landlord/tenant disputes and motor car disputes.
When a piece of function is brought into a tangible form, it automatically acquires copyright protection. It is nevertheless a very good concept to preserve every single document with time, date and some official stamp. If ever this record has to be reproduced to challenge infringement, this information will be pretty useful in influencing the decision in the owner's favour. Like any other type of work such as art, design, music, film, drama or study operate, building a new web site also needs fantastic organizing and preservation to stay clear of plagiarism.
When creating a new website, it is desirable to attain and place a copyright notice on your web page so as to announce your ownership towards any operate that is displayed here from time to time. Such projects typically take fairly some time especially if you style it oneself, with no any experienced aid. It is preferable to maintain a track of drafts and alterations with dates so no charges of infringement can come upon.
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For authenticity, the operate may well also be registered with the USPTO. But, as this service is pretty highly-priced, an additional third party can come to assistance. They may well be a Solicitor, a Notary or an Escrow Service. This is often necessary mainly because the poor man's copy" has particular limitations therefore, its credibility is normally challenged by experts. Even though there are other alternatives out there, USPTO is taken to be the highest grade of authenticity. The US Copyright Office assures displaying your copyright certificate on all public forums to assert your ownership. A treaty known as Berne Convention has been signed by certain other countries accepting copyright owner in US to hold the very same rights in their countries too.
Copyrighting does not imply protecting a name. There lie only couple of situations in which copyright has been applicable to the name. In case of a have to have to guard your name you ought to file on an application which gives you a unique trademark for your name. This strategy is various from attaining patent or copyright. Copyrighting a name involves a lot of directions and needs as follows. Requirements to copyright the name:
When functioning on the protection of your web-site from plagiarism, you will have to also be cautious of the copyright of others' function. Even if you use a person else's operate for inspiration, you will have to seek permission before you prove fit for a charge of violation your self. Any alterations that occur in the web site with time should also be saved in this copyright record. (three) Registration number or serial quantity for a name or mark.
Some authors post a copy of their perform to themselves at each step. Not each and every piece is great the really first time, any adjustments or developments to a page or even a single element must be in record. Mailing this information to yourself is a additional proof of when and where the composition originated. This technique is referred to as "poor man's copyright". (two) Illustration of logo or mark At times copyright does not provide you a complete possession of your internet site as ideas, translation in foreign languages, domain names, titles, names and slogans, except in certain circumstances, are not match for the policy.
For authenticity, the perform may perhaps also be registered with the USPTO.
An application need to be filed for copyright. The list of items to be protected ought to be stated as far more than 1 copyright might apply in particular cases. For instance, a song has two components: the instrumental is copyrighted as musical function and the lyrics as literary function. (1) Trademark registration application Copyrighting a name is really essential in order to shield your trademark. Why an individual must really appear for a lawyer? The answer is when you have a conflict or when you worry losing profit. Lawyers delve into the nitty-gritty of all the human challenges that somebody can consider. They are paid to extricate clients from the emotional or financial nets in which they have develop into enmeshed or to come across methods for the clients to escape being netted.
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When building a new web page, it is desirable to attain and location a copyright notice on your site so as to announce your ownership towards any perform that is displayed here from time to time. Such projects normally take fairly some time particularly if you style it yourself, without the need of any experienced assist. It is preferable to preserve a track of drafts and alterations with dates so no charges of infringement can come upon.
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Romeo And Juliet Law Oregon – In case of a require to safeguard your name you need to file on an application which gives you a particular trademark for your name. An application should really be filed for copyright.
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Video shows Harford County deputies rescuing woman from frigid Bush River
Harford County Sheriff's Office Facebook
By: Ryan Dickstein
EDGEWOOD, Md. — Video shows Harford County Sheriff's deputies rescuing a woman from the frigid Bush River.
The lifesaving effort took place December 10 at Flying Point Park Marina.
Somehow the 25-year-old woman's car ended up on the boat ramp, partially in the water.
Deputies first tried unsuccessfully to pull her from the car before it became fully submerged.
Luckily the woman was able to free herself, giving Senior Deputy Mothershed the chance to jump in the waist-deep water and pull her safely to shore.
Corporals Sanchez and Frederick, along with Deputy First Class Tatum were also on scene to lend a hand.
"Deputies put on a uniform and go to work everyday to make a difference in the lives of citizens," said Sheriff Jeff Gahler. "I am proud of the work these men did to act quickly and save a life."
The woman was taken to the hospital for cold weather exposure and further evaluation. No deputies were injured.
It's unclear how or why the vehicle initially got on the boat ramp.


text:
Conflict Resolution & Conciliation Center, Inc.
Faith Communities
Our purpose, our people
"Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path." Psalm 119:105 (KJV)
Ronald C. Zabel, Esq.
Founding Director and Mediator
Eric Newton
Chief Executive Officer and Mediator
Leslie Knight
Outreach and Development Officer and Mediator
Adrienne Elwell
administrator and mediator
Ronald C. Zabel
Ron became the Executive Director of Conflict Resolution & Conciliation Services (now known as Conflict to Peace), a non-profit peacemaking organization, in February 1995. He has over thirty-four years of experience dealing with individual, family, business, workplace, employment, organizational, community, and public policy conflicts.
While with Conflict to Peace he has conducted over four thousand hours of conflict coaching, mediation, conciliation and arbitration for a broad range of disputes including family (including, relationship preservation and restoration, parenting, separation, custody, equitable distribution, elder care, and estate issues), victim/offender, community, employment, commercial, contractual, educational, organizational, and church. He is also experienced in conflict intervention, particularly in church, workplace and other inter- and intra-organizational contexts. Mr. Zabel previously served on the Advisory Council for the Institute for Christian Conciliation. He currently serves on the Fairfax Bar Association's Alternative Dispute Resolution Section.
He also has extensive experience teaching dispute resolution principles and practice, Christian Conciliation, mediation and personal peacemaking in a variety of formats including overviews, workshops, seminars, multi-day intensive blocks, and extended multi-week programs. He has provided instruction in conflict resolution for a variety of organizations and churches, including programs at Fairfax County Public Schools Student Mediation Conferences, Marymount University, the Virginia Mediation Network Annual Conference, George Mason University's Northern Virginia Mediation Service Monday Night Forum, the Fairfax Bar Association Religious Leader Seminar, and the Fairfax County Adult Detention Center's Life Learning Block. He is a coach/trainer for Peacemaker Ministries' Reconciler Training Program and Certification Program for Christian Conciliators and has taught at multiple Peacemaker Ministries conferences and Conciliator Training Practicums.
Prior to founding Conflict Resolution & Conciliation Services he completed a career as a legal officer for the United States Coast Guard where he was recognized for exceptional ability in negotiating development of regulatory policy and achieving improved intra-agency relationships. With the Coast Guard he had extensive experience dealing with people in conflict and facilitating conflict resolution. He managed delivery of all facility and support services for the 400,000 square foot Headquarters building and administered civilian and military personnel program for its staff of 2400, which involved mediation of issues between program elements and between staff personnel on an almost daily basis; conducted extensive ethics training and resolved numerous standards of conduct disputes; trained regulatory project teams in the art of regulatory development and negotiated extensively with maritime and environmental interest groups, other Federal agencies and the Office of Management and Budget to resolve controversial issues during development of the significant rules; conceptualized and orchestrated the Coast Guard's first negotiated rulemaking effort in order to develop the very controversial major rule on pollution response plans for vessels. Mr. Zabel also has extensive experience in military trials and administrative proceedings serving as counsel for parties, hearing officer, or Judge.
Mr. Zabel's education includes: J.D, George Washington University; B.A. University of Washington. He has extensive training in dealing with people in conflict including: multiple courses in negotiation and mediation from the Justice Department's Legal Education Institute, American Arbitration Association, Northern Virginia Mediation Service, Institute for Christian Conciliation, Christian Counseling and Education Foundation, Association for Conflict Resolution, and Virginia Mediation Network with an emphasis on family, employment, church, and relationship based disputes; Procurement Law; Human Resources Management; Labor Relations; Managing Diversity; Workplace Discrimination; Organizational Program Development and Team Building.
Mr. Zabel's professional memberships include: Virginia State Bar, Fairfax Bar Association, Association for Conflict Resolution, Collaborative Professionals of Northern Virginia, Virginia Collaborative Professionals, International Academy of Collaborative Professionals, Christian Legal Society, Virginia Mediation Network, and The Virginia Alternative Dispute Resolution Joint Committee. He is certified by the Judicial Council of Virginia as a Circuit Court level court-referred mediator for both civil and family cases and as a mentor for Virginia certification candidates. He is also certified by the Institute for Christian Conciliation as a Christian Conciliator and coaches candidates pursuing certification in Christian Conciliation.
Grace filled communication is the key to resolution and peace. Our experienced conciliators provide that key.
Jump to Pages
Since 1995 we have helped hundreds of men, women and organizations in Northern Virginia to acknowledge, confront and resolve conflict. Please contact us to arrange for a free, thirty-minute consultation, by phone or in person, about what you are facing and how we can help.
We're a local non-profit...
Conflict to Peace is a nonprofit program of Conflict Resolution and Conciliation Center, Inc. and a registered 501(c)3 organization. Check out our About Us page. We are supported by modest fees and tax-deductible donations. To DONATE go this page: Support
inquire@conflicttopeace.org
10521 Judicial Drive, Suite 207, Fairfax, VA 22030
Serving Washington DC, Arlington, Fairfax, Fauquier, Loudoun and Prince William Counties, Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, Manassas Park, Burke, Centreville, Herndon, Reston, Springfield, Vienna and beyond.
Copyright 2021 - Conflict Resoluton & Conciliation Center, Inc. - All Rights Reserved


In the old days, people would gather around the fire to tell stories about the luminaries heroes of old who left behind their wisdom of how to live a good life. These trusted visionaries came in many forms. Their words and actions lit the the way for the future generations as we moved to the next era and through new phases of life. These traditions are so ingrained in every culture that most of us are used to waiting for a messenger to come along and tell us what we need to do next. We've been conditioned to be passive, to way for something outside of ourselves to give us guidance, to inspire us, or to give us encouragement before we make necessary changes in our lives. But what if there is a vision inside of you that is waiting to reveal itself? What if you don't realize that you are the one holding it back?
When we feel that a necessary change is coming, the vision will stir deep inside. This inner wisdom will send us clues in our dreams or by making a song stick in our heads where the lyrics remind us of what we wish to happen next. If the vision remains trapped inside, we can feel irritated for no apparent reason or even exceedingly bored with our daily lives.
When a vision is trying to surface, we don't need a visionary to tell us what will happen next. We need to be the visionary for ourselves. This doesn't necessarily mean that you don't need help. It means that you need a different kind of help in the form of a patient, accepting space to pour out your thoughts and feelings. You may also need a clear mirror to reflect back to you who you are becoming, because it is hard to see ourselves from an outside perspective without some assistance.
We feel a vision before we see. We see a vision before we know what it means. But once we know it, we can make plans to change our lives in a way that brings new contentment and fulfillment. I wish you clarity and wholeness in 2019.


Page 693 - Logical Operator | Amazing Home and Furniture Idea Sensor Toilet Flush. Simmons Living Room Furniture. Bedroom Makeup Vanity.
best home design ideas, like Sensor Toilet Flush. Simmons Living Room Furniture. Bedroom Makeup Vanity.


Bitcoin has been in existence since its creation in 2009 and has attracted investors over the years. It is a cryptocurrency and worldwide payment system. The system works without a bank or single administrator which makes bitcoin the first ever decentralised digital currency.
Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people under the name of Satoshi Nakamoto. He/they has however remained anonymous since the inception of his invention.
The system of this digital currency takes place among users or peer-to-peer, and the network nodes verify the transactions through the use of cryptography. Records are always in public distributed ledger known as the block chain. Like a bank, it has a public key (comparable to a bank account number) in which people can send bitcoins and a private key (equivalent to an ATM pin number) which is meant to be your personal guarded secret for authorising Bitcoin transactions. The companies and individuals who own the computing power and participate in the bitcoin network are known as miners. Bitcoin mining is a process whereby bitcoins are released into circulation.
Bitcoin has changed many lives; some people believe that owing a cryptocurrency is the future and they have had life-changing experiences while some claim it is fraud. Different ideologies have been made as regards to bitcoin, but since it is becoming a successful investment, other kinds of cryptocurrencies have also sprung up.
Cryptocurrency enables you to track your bitcoin value at any time, and this could make you too expectant and unproductive if done excessively. Checking for the value constantly won't make any change, so avoid doing it in excess. The principle of buying low and sell high applies to bitcoins.
Bitcoin wallets are where bitcoins are stored. You need a private key to secure your wallet. Wallets monitor bitcoin addresses on the block chain and update their balance with each transaction.
HD wallets were also created, and they generate an initial phrase known as a seed or mnemonic phrase. This seed comprises of common words that can be memorised instead of a long, confusing key. If the wallet gets destroyed, you can restore by entering these words in order to reconstruct the private key.
Full nodes are when wallets hold a full copy of the blockchain for the validation of every transaction.
The most secure form of bitcoin wallets is called cold storage wallets. Cold storage is any wallet that is usually independent of any internet connection and cannot be hacked remotely. Some examples are paper wallets, brain wallets, and hardware wallets. Hot wallets are the least secure and most popular.
The worth of a bitcoin is not static and can vary or change as time goes on. It can also be exchanged for traditional currencies and can act as alternatives to national fiat money and commodities like gold.
Popular ways of accumulating the currency is through buying on a bitcoin exchanges and Bitcoin ATM's. People purchase bitcoins for its investment values than as a medium of exchange. Bitcoin is still evolving, and you need to properly understand the unique investment risks when you want to invest.


text:
interface INodespeed {
    boot:Function;
    info: Function;
    config: IConfig;
    schema:ISchema;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


ON A recent visit to Egg Island Point at Hillwood, I was appalled by the state of it compared to visits of several years ago. There are rocks scattered around, it is uncared for with overgrown grass, weeds and shrubs, which were not there 20 years ago, and there is excavator damage. There used to be barbecues built by the Rotary Club of George Town and other amenities, which have been removed. It used to be a delightful place to take the family for a barbecue or picnic while taking in the views of the river and there was a suitable area to play cricket or other games. This point was designated as a recreation area for the residents of Hillwood and for more than 70 years was used for that purpose, now, under the control of Parks and Wildlife and/or Crown land services it is becoming an eyesore. John Boyle, Riverside. ONCE upon a time there were two zookeepers trying to decide what to feed to their Mandrill monkeys. They were of course on a tight budget, so they went to the dumpsters outside the local supermarkets, Doles and Dullies. They scooped up all the fruit they could find. Some of the fruit was OK but a lot was smelly and pongy. They then made a Doles pile and a Dullies pile in the monkey cage and watched what happened. The monkeys sniffed both piles and then settled around the pile they felt was the least smelly. The zookeepers noticed one pile had one more monkey than the other and they both yelled "We now have a mandate". We now know what monkeys like, and so for the rest of the time that those zookeepers were in charge, all the monkeys got fruit from the dumpster at Doles – or was it Dullies? The monkeys, of course, had to eat every piece whether it was pongy or not before they got a new pile. And that, boys and girls, is how politicians came up with the idea that they have a mandate for all their policies after each election. M. Fyfe, Riverside. SO WE have a guarantee that "Tasmania won't be one cent worse off" under the GST carve up, but what does this really mean? If the past statements are anything to go on this state will end up with exactly the same as last year for this year and if I'm right, for years to come. Tasmania doesn't have enough serious business and not enough population for our share to be increased. The idea of a population-based share means we will miss out and it doesn't matter that we have become the retirement village for the rich states because they want the money to look after their schools and hospitals. Our costs per head are over the top due to the fact that retirees are so prevalent. The medical costs alone are through the roof (I know because I'm one of the patients). So, thanks Mr Turnbull, for the decrease in revenue by stealth, don't increase the amount but by not raising the payout indexation and rising costs will insure we come out poorer. Ken Terry, Bridport. HERE'S some (government enforced) facts for health minister Michael Ferguson to mull over: One in four Australians will die from cancer. You cannot access adequate pain relief without a cancer diagnosis. You cannot access cancer diagnosis on the public health system without it costing you an arm and a leg (which you have probably already lost the use of). "Three thousand" women will die this year from breast cancer, for which the only accurate test is a mammogram. You cannot access a mammogram on the PBS. Why not? Ask the health minister next time he attends a "pink day'. A R Trounson, Needles. THE recent rope climbing facility installed at Bridport by Dorset Council has attracted tremendous support along with other existing recreational facilities after 3pm of weekdays when school finishes. The rope facility has numerous children climbing it even the millennium age group (22 to 38) are using this added facility. Treasurer Peter Gutwein recently stated Bridport is the "jewel in the crown" for the Dorset municipality. When its library and hall complex was threatened to be sold to private enterprise the community reacted. The hall is used now for numerous activities and the council bowed to people power. Brian P. Khan, Bridport. I HEARTILY agree with Lindsay Miller (Letters, The Examiner, July 9) regarding scam calls. It's mostly at dinner time when they think you will be home. I would further say that the service from Telstra is abysmal. I've spent many hours on the phone, trying to rectify problems with untrained staff who I can't understand and do not have the training to answer queries. Then the last straw was an excessive and incorrect account which also took hours to sort. It's time Telstra came back on shore, trained their staff and became more efficient instead of sacking 8000 Australian workers. Wendy Burbury, Newstead. IN RESPONSE to David McMahon's assertion that lengthy delays at the baggage reclaim at Launceston Airport provides a bad image for tourists and visitors (The Examiner, July 8), I would absolutely concur. I often think we were better off with a tractor, trailers, self-help and the trusty beagle. Philip Ridyard, Exeter. SOCIALISM has never worked anywhere. Those who support it seem to have never worked either. Jack Sonnemann, Lucaston.
John Boyle, of Riverside, shares his disappointment about the upkeep of a Hillwood picnic area.
ON A recent visit to Egg Island Point at Hillwood, I was appalled by the state of it compared to visits of several years ago.
There are rocks scattered around, it is uncared for with overgrown grass, weeds and shrubs, which were not there 20 years ago, and there is excavator damage.
There used to be barbecues built by the Rotary Club of George Town and other amenities, which have been removed.
It used to be a delightful place to take the family for a barbecue or picnic while taking in the views of the river and there was a suitable area to play cricket or other games.
This point was designated as a recreation area for the residents of Hillwood and for more than 70 years was used for that purpose, now, under the control of Parks and Wildlife and/or Crown land services it is becoming an eyesore.
ONCE upon a time there were two zookeepers trying to decide what to feed to their Mandrill monkeys.
They were of course on a tight budget, so they went to the dumpsters outside the local supermarkets, Doles and Dullies. They scooped up all the fruit they could find.
Some of the fruit was OK but a lot was smelly and pongy. They then made a Doles pile and a Dullies pile in the monkey cage and watched what happened.
The monkeys sniffed both piles and then settled around the pile they felt was the least smelly. The zookeepers noticed one pile had one more monkey than the other and they both yelled "We now have a mandate".
We now know what monkeys like, and so for the rest of the time that those zookeepers were in charge, all the monkeys got fruit from the dumpster at Doles – or was it Dullies?
The monkeys, of course, had to eat every piece whether it was pongy or not before they got a new pile.
And that, boys and girls, is how politicians came up with the idea that they have a mandate for all their policies after each election.
SO WE have a guarantee that "Tasmania won't be one cent worse off" under the GST carve up, but what does this really mean?
If the past statements are anything to go on this state will end up with exactly the same as last year for this year and if I'm right, for years to come. Tasmania doesn't have enough serious business and not enough population for our share to be increased.
The idea of a population-based share means we will miss out and it doesn't matter that we have become the retirement village for the rich states because they want the money to look after their schools and hospitals.
Our costs per head are over the top due to the fact that retirees are so prevalent. The medical costs alone are through the roof (I know because I'm one of the patients).
So, thanks Mr Turnbull, for the decrease in revenue by stealth, don't increase the amount but by not raising the payout indexation and rising costs will insure we come out poorer.
HERE'S some (government enforced) facts for health minister Michael Ferguson to mull over: One in four Australians will die from cancer.
You cannot access adequate pain relief without a cancer diagnosis.
You cannot access cancer diagnosis on the public health system without it costing you an arm and a leg (which you have probably already lost the use of).
"Three thousand" women will die this year from breast cancer, for which the only accurate test is a mammogram.
You cannot access a mammogram on the PBS. Why not? Ask the health minister next time he attends a "pink day'.
THE recent rope climbing facility installed at Bridport by Dorset Council has attracted tremendous support along with other existing recreational facilities after 3pm of weekdays when school finishes.
The rope facility has numerous children climbing it even the millennium age group (22 to 38) are using this added facility.
Treasurer Peter Gutwein recently stated Bridport is the "jewel in the crown" for the Dorset municipality.
When its library and hall complex was threatened to be sold to private enterprise the community reacted.
The hall is used now for numerous activities and the council bowed to people power.
I HEARTILY agree with Lindsay Miller (Letters, The Examiner, July 9) regarding scam calls.
It's mostly at dinner time when they think you will be home.
I would further say that the service from Telstra is abysmal.
I've spent many hours on the phone, trying to rectify problems with untrained staff who I can't understand and do not have the training to answer queries.
Then the last straw was an excessive and incorrect account which also took hours to sort.
It's time Telstra came back on shore, trained their staff and became more efficient instead of sacking 8000 Australian workers.
IN RESPONSE to David McMahon's assertion that lengthy delays at the baggage reclaim at Launceston Airport provides a bad image for tourists and visitors (The Examiner, July 8), I would absolutely concur.
I often think we were better off with a tractor, trailers, self-help and the trusty beagle.
SOCIALISM has never worked anywhere. Those who support it seem to have never worked either.


text:
Q: Why can't I send CSS decorated html email via spring? I have successfully sent text email and the bellow implementation sends really basic html emails - I don't get the CSS classes in any of it.
The relevant parts of my MailServiceImpl class are:
protected void prepareAndSendMail(Map<String, String> emailMap) {

    try {
        InternetAddress[] parsed;
        try {
            parsed = InternetAddress.parse(emailMap.get("to"));
        } catch (AddressException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not valid email: " + emailMap.get("to)"), e);
        }

        MimeMessage mailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        mailMessage.setSubject(emailMap.get("subject"), "UTF-8");

        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage, true, "UTF-8");
        helper.setFrom(emailMap.get("from"));
        helper.setTo(parsed);
        helper.setText(mailContentBuilderService.buildHTMLTemplate(emailMap.get("text")), true);

        javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {
        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
    }
}

protected String buildConfirmRegistrationButton(String label, String confirmationUrl) {
    StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
    content.append("
");
    content.append("
");
    content.append("
");
    content.append("" + label + " \r\n");
    content.append("
");
    content.append("");

    content.append("<button class=\"btn btn-primary\"> Click here to confirm </button>");

    content.append("");

    content.append("
");
    content.append("
");
    content.append("
");

    return content.toString();
}

@Override
public void sendNewUserRegistrationToken_HTML(OnRegistrationCompleteEvent onRegistrationCompleteEvent, User user, String token) {
    Locale locale = Locale.US;

    final String subject = messageSource.getMessage("mail.registrationConfirmationSubject", null, locale);
    final String label = messageSource.getMessage("mail.registrationConfirmationLabel", new Object[]{user.getEmail()}, locale);
    final String confirmationUrl = onRegistrationCompleteEvent.getAppUrl() + "/admin/user/registration/confirm?token=" + token;

    final String content = buildConfirmRegistrationButton(label, confirmationUrl);

    Map<String, String> emailMap = new HashMap<>();
    emailMap.put("to", user.getEmail());
    emailMap.put("from", environment.getProperty("support.email"));
    emailMap.put("subject", subject);
    emailMap.put("text", content);

    prepareAndSendMail(emailMap);
}

The prepareAndSendMail method calls mailContentBuilderService.buildHTMLTemplate(String text) and is defined as:
private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

@Autowired
public MailContentBuilderServiceImpl(TemplateEngine templateEngine) {
    this.templateEngine = templateEngine;
}

@Override
public String buildHTMLTemplate(String message) {
    StringBuilder html = new StringBuilder();
    html.append("<!DOCTYPE html>");
    html.append(" ");
    html.append("");
    html.append("<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no\">");
    html.append("<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css\" integrity=\"sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\">");
    html.append("");
    html.append("");
    html.append("");
    html.append("");

    html.append("");
    html.append("
");
    html.append("
");
    html.append(message);
    html.append("
");
    html.append("
");
    html.append("");
    html.append("");

    return html.toString();
}

The result I get when I try to register a new user is:

How can I make it look nice, obeying the CSS it should inherit from the CDN?
I have tried using a build method as described below (pointing to the right template, obviously), still no joy.
public String build(String message) {
    Context context = new Context();
    context.setVariable("message", message);
    return templateEngine.process("mailTemplate", context);
}

A: You need to understand that email does not conform to normal web standards. You cannot add scripts to email. You cannot add external stylesheets (most will get stripped; see also this answer: Can you link to a CSS file from an email?).
You must embed CSS in the , i.e.:
html.append('');

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The adoption of a thought is a unique human trait. With exposure to so much information which, clearly exceeds any human's ability to process, it becomes difficult to be certain of anything. A person could be asked to question the validity of any thought, even those dear to him. Where a person is himself unwilling to raise a question, others raise questions with a sense of entitlement without a proportionate understanding to justify it.
There is an unlimited supply of ideas today. Yet, all those ideas are rooted in some very basic beliefs. Those beliefs end up having an enormous following, but at the same time the expression of those beliefs is deeply individual. Freedom of expression, with literally no way to ensure accountability for that freedom has created a strange world. It could be said: it neither belongs to man to give such freedom, nor is it in the hands of man to ensure accountability. This is like seeing the universe at the atomic level, or seeing the world of mankind at the personal level. Both levels present a reality, but either reality is incompatible beyond a point. They cannot be co-sustained indefinitely in a single mind. The larger the difference, the shorter the mental coexistence.
A person must have the freedom to reason on the subject.
There should be sufficient time for the examination.
The thought must have worth.
The pursuit of the thought should bring benefit.
The freedom to reason is defined right from an early stage. The very language a human is exposed to, shapes what and how he thinks. The thoughts are intrinsic to the language. With more than one language, thoughts also change in how they are accepted, developed, processed, and expressed. The diversity or singularity of "sets of thoughts" finally shape the personality, with individual ideas connecting in unique ways within the mind of each person.
Freedom is essentially a construct. No human on his own is allowed to develop his own language. How would that even be useful? One of the main purposes of language is communication. There is a language of communication independent of language, but it is beyond the human realm of ability or understanding. Such a language can exist between the heart of a believer, and his communication with the Creator. The Creator is capable of understanding what, even the one attempting to articulate does not himself understand. The Originator of the human mind and heart must be capable of such.
Our ability to reason is already predefined by several factors.
A thought which does not exist in our world, in our vocabulary, is foreign to us. Therefore, the ability to adopt a foreign thought calls upon special use of reasoning.
This is frighteningly common today, as globalization has brought mankind together in ways impossible before. We can cherish this freedom only to a point. Beyond that point, it becomes a threat to identity. The simple fact is, human selfishness puts personal rights before those of others. For a human to willingly give up his freedom, he must have reason in proportion. The thought of surrender is also a foreign idea, one adopted with evidence in proportion to the demand.
Our world is reaching a point of unsustainability. As far as ideas are concerned, we already seem to have crossed that point. There is a "thought war"! Ideas are bombarding mankind faster than can be sustained by any man, or even communities. The speed of execution is crucial, critical to this failure. It seems, the more ideas that emerge, the greater the fire grows.
It is normal, wise, and necessary to detach from information. It is healthy. The examination that is reliable is based on time. For a thought to be adopted and accepted in the form a belief, it is necessary for it to be given time. Take for example, the thought of eternal life.
Eternal life is an idea that must have appeal to a person who understands the value of life. And why is life valuable? Has the experience, or hopes, or achievements, or fulfillment presented such a picture of life as to make it so valuable to the living person. Maybe there are people who will not accept this idea. What about the idea of justice? A person could have experienced or observed so much injustice, it is not possible to think of it being ever put right in this lifetime. The thought of human justice compared to divine justice cannot be accepted by such a person despite of time. What is more, human agencies of justice cannot promise such justice because it is beyond their ability! Any man seeking justice to set right great wrongs – matters of life and death – ends up contributing to the greater injustice, as though we are destined to fail.
And yet, what has eternal life deteriorated to. A man seeks eternal life, but not another's. We are simply not convinced of another man's worthiness. We don't know what causes worthiness. I don't know, what convinces us of our own!
The time to reason gives an understanding that, it should not be a human endeavor to set right the wrongs of the world. It is impossible to truly save even one other man. Any attempt can only go as far as trying to stop an injustice. That is an achievement. But to say, one man or group of men have the answer to an injustice by providing a suitable alternative is, a lie. The idea of eternal life appeals to those who still have the power to hope in God. That power itself is evidence of God's support. The God who makes such a thought possible, also has the power to fulfill it. The King of Eternity, the Creator, is able.
No lie is worthy. When a human makes a promise, his promise is limited by so many variables. The greatest certainty that stands for or against the promise, is the Will of God. If God wills to stop something, it will be stopped. If God wills for something to continue, it will continue. In all this, human will has tremendous freedom, but not beyond what God permits.
The truth is worthy. Human impatience and divine patience are greatly opposed to each other. In a lifetime, man wants to do and experience everything God has offered in this world. The truth is, no lifetime is long enough nor is the world big enough. Besides, are we certain of what experiences are unworthy of pursuit! With the prospect of exploration opened up by seemingly unlimited knowledge, every human born henceforth and intelligent enough to understand will die with a greater level of dissatisfaction than any generation before him. Our mind, our heart will live while our bodies deteriorate under the burden of a tiring spirit. This is the great reality of today: the loss of spirit, even of those who wish to do what is good.
When great evil rises, the loss of human spirit is preliminary to the loss of life. The loss of human spirit, seeing that the meaning of a person's existence is thought to be limited by such superficial and unreliable factors such as government policies, the value of currency, the stability of society, and success of an organization presents a deeply unfulfilling picture of life. Such great evil does exist today. It is fueled by information explosion, making it more and more difficult to find any truth. The claims of truth by anyone are expressions of confidence, or being dogmatic. Reason is pushing humanity toward less and less conviction.
When such a loss of conviction occurs over period of time, no thought seems to have any worth. No thought seems worthy of conviction. This being the case, what thought remains as worthy will be worthy of being considered as truth, despite all opposition or criticism. Jesus Christ presented such a thought. He spoke of God's will being done on earth as it is in heaven. That must include a complete change in human society. And it cannot be by the hand of humans. Those who fight for or against such a thought continue to do so within the realm of human activity, regardless of ascribing such action to God. The action of God does not require human agency, and it does not depend upon human presumption.
As-far-as it depends upon mankind, only those thoughts are to be considered truly beneficial that lead to sustainability. A simple example is, the way we live today. It is based on consumption without regard for tomorrow, and quite frankly, without regard for the producer. These ideas were unsustainable from the start. The enjoyment had to be temporary. The obvious result of all this mechanization has been, humans too are mechanized; humans form part of the social machine. Despite these early fears of some regarding consequences, humans tried to build a world after the great wars of the 20th century that would entice all people to think of the future with prospects of prosperity and peace.
The human reality is, man has proven himself incapable of thinking that is real and of lasting benefit. Man is focused much more on immediate satisfaction, and certainly not about consequences. Human society has somehow fallen into an unreal assumption that, all could rise together and everyone would be king. NO! In reality, human equality will reduce what is elevated, and there is little chance of distributing prosperity to those who never had a taste of it. Still, the illusion is powerful and those who never had a taste of ease and prosperity cannot be blamed for desiring the same. This desire is possibly fulfilled through covetousness and greed. Then, it goes down to immoral levels. The prosperity does not continue, and what has been achieved also ceases to be.
The world we live in today where, those nations that have built themselves as prosperous on continuing wars, oppression, and exploitation surely misunderstand what the eventuality of such pursuits are. The assumption for nations that have proliferated weapons and warfare was, they could continue to enjoy peace. How is it possible to have such violence burning in their own heart, and not burn down their own house! It is true, the way the world has continued has far exceeded the expectations of the faithful, and judgment from the Almighty is simply a thought. This thought has been adopted by men and women around the world, but those who have abandoned this thought find it simply ridiculous.
It is the thought of something greater and more meaningful that drives man to do what is greater than other animals. Other animals exceed man in strength, in speed, in beauty, but none can exceed man in ideas. When those ideas became strong by virtue of motivations greater than merely what the eye can see and the senses can experience, man entered into an age of building and achieving a world that simply defies history. We are now part of a stage in human existence unlike any other. Precedents fail to explain why and how man is where he is today! New things actually do exist, specific mention of which is not to be found in ancient literature. Even if there is a hint, there is no explanation.
What we find though is, our glory is short-lived and superficial despite efforts and ideas without parallel in the past. It is as though, mankind tried to defy its destiny that was explicitly foretold in scriptures or even the musings of some thinkers. What is that thought? It is the thought of failure, of disaster, of destruction. Those dark fascinations of man are not mere fantasies. They are what good men and prophets saw when they saw the evil and corruption in the world. This is what they were inspired to foretell. The doom of man and other creatures can arise from within mankind itself, but that is explained also as conspiracies of powerful governments and businesses to control the world through a New World Order. On the other hand, there is no other way to explain those things that have happened and will happen other than by the hand of God himself.
It is peculiar to see, how those same people who mock the existence of the Creator despite limitless evidence of His works, will turn around and ascribe to human leaders the powers and wisdom that they surely do not have. Our ideas are adopted, even though we never understood the criteria for justifying them. The truth is: what we have adopted will grow within us, as a child of our own mind, and either it will lead us toward something good, or it will lead us to something bad. We have choice, but only to a point. After the choice, it is only a waiting for consequences!
Previous Post Why a human is incapable of truth, but is capable of peace?


The rise of ETFs has brought low cost investing to the masses. Betashares have set a new benchmark for low cost, with their Australia 200 Fund, designed to track the broad Australian share market, with management costs of 0.07%pa. We take a look.
The rise of ETFs has brought low cost investing to the masses. One of the first things an advocate of ETFs will quote is their low cost, which ultimately means more money stays with the investor rather than the fund manager.
We remember a time not that long ago where investors in managed funds would pay over 2% per annum in management fees for a basic product designed to track the index. This generally included a hefty trailing commission to be paid to a financial adviser whether you used their services or not.
Times have changed, and now investors can access a broad range of strategies via ETFs for under 0.50% pa, using just their brokerage account to buy and sell the products.
Betashares have shifted the goal posts, with their Australia 200 ETF (A200), they have reduced management costs to 0.07% per annum, half the cost of their closest competitor. Today we take a look at A200.
What is Betashares Australia 200 (A200)?
A200 is a simple product, designed to track the top 200 companies by market capitalisation on the ASX. It will rebalance its portfolio quarterly and pay dividends on a quarterly basis. There really isn't much more to say about it than that!
How A200 differs to VAS, IOZ and STW?
A200's greatest competitors are Vanguard Australian Shares (VAS), iShares S&P/ASX 200 ETF (IOZ) and SPDR S&P/ASX 200 Fund (STW). We took a look at these three funds some time back. All manage over $1b in assets now and are three of the largest ETFs available in Australia. VAS cost is 0.14% pa, IOZ is 0.15% pa and STW is 0.19% pa. All offer quarterly distributions.
The key difference between A200 and the other three products is the index being used. VAS tracks the S&P/ASX 300 index and both STW and IOZ track the S&P/ASX 200 index. A200 tracks a newly created index, the Solactive Australia 200 Index. The index is so new in fact that we can't yet find it on Solactive's website.
Whilst all indexes are designed to track the Australian share market by market capitalisation, the devil can be in the detail. For example the S&P/ASX 200 index has certain eligibility criteria around a company's liquidty. Nevertheless, we expect portfolios to be so similar in their construction that any differences could be called a rounding error.
A large proportion of an ETFs cost is associated with the index it tracks, with fees required to be paid by the ETF issuer to the index provider. We expect a large factor of Betashares being able to offer A200 at such a low cost is the fact that they have used Solactive to create the index, rather than the much better known (and likely more expensive) Standard & Poors.
You can see the differences in the top 10 funds are minimal.
The Bid/Ask spread is the difference in share price between buying and selling an ETF. A market maker exists to create and redeem ETF units. They make a profit by paying a little less for units that they buy than units that they sell. Kind of like how when you travel the foreign exchange merchant will see you foreign notes for more than they will buy them back from you. Large, liquid ETFs tend to have a small bid/ask spread as there is high turnover and large secondary market (like how the spread between US dollars at your currency exchange is less than Chilean Pesos).
At the time of writing A200 has only been listed for one day, so we can't determine it's bid/ask spread, but it is something for investors to be mindful of. When we looked at STW, IOZ and VAS, their bid/ask spread was 0.04% to 0.09%.
Betashares has begun operation with a market capitalisation of almost $50m, much higher than the standard ETF issue of around $2m. We assume some institutional investors have got on board early, and hopefully this helps to provide adequate liquidity.
We often see new ETFs come to market and have a dividend yield slightly lower than expected during the first couple of years of operation. This is due to timing of fund flows and dividends. As a fund goes from a very small size to a much larger size its growth in the first couple of years is exponential.
With distributions paid quarterly, a dividend received by the fund at the start of the quarter may then need to be paid to a much larger pool of investors at the end of the quarter, meaning the dividend yield for all investors becomes less.
To provide an example. If CBA pay a dividend of 5% at the start of the quarter, and the fund holds $1,000 worth of CBA shares, they will receive a dividend of $50. If by the end of the quarter they hold $1,500 worth of CBA shares (as more investors have contributed to the fund), they will still pay out $50 worth of dividend, but the income yield to investors will be $50/$1,500 = 3.33%.
We don't expect in reality to see examples so extreme, but investors relying on income distributions should be aware that yield may be slightly lower initially. This won't affect overall performance (share price + dividends), just income yield.
Since Betashares announced the launch of A200 last month, we've seen a number of people on social media ask 'should I sell my VAS/IOZ/STW and buy A200?'. We remind investors that whilst A200 is 50% of the cost of its nearest competitor, it means management costs will be $7 for every $10,000 invested. We're talking small change not big bickies, and investors should consider things like capital gains tax and transaction costs (brokerage and bid/ask spreads) before making any such decisions.
We're excited by the launch of A200. In the US, where the ETF market is much more mature than here, low cost ETFs are used heavily by institutional investors. This ensures the ETF market continues to grow and ultimately helps drive down costs to retail investors, a move which we support.
Thanks for the great article. Hopefully Hostplus Super will start offering this in their Choiceplus platform soon – one can only hope.


Does your business have enough cash to operate? cash flow statements can answer that and without a doubt cash flow statements are important to the business owner.
It depicts the business' liquidity and shows when the business will achieve a positive cash flow based on revenues.
Cash flow statements aid in planning break even point or how much money you need to run the business.
Cash flow statements are also important for your bankers and investors, predicting your business' ability to generate positive cash flows that are needed to meet obligations.
Business owners depend on management reports to measure their profitability, to know where that profit is at the end of a period, and whether the business is financially sound or whether it needs improvement.
Business owners use management reports to keep a close watch on the lifeblood of the business: cash flow.
Monthly management reports are critical for analysing trends in order to make better decisions. for example, analysing sales trends can tell you whether your products or services are priced right.
These reports can help you determine which sales are costing you too much. Perhaps increasing sales volumes tell you that you need bigger premises – how much can you afford to spend? management reports can help you to answer these important questions.
Without these reports, you cannot draw vital comparisons – actual versus budgeted income and expenses; variances between the current year, quarter, month and the previous year, quarter, month; cost to income ratio.
Management reports assist you to monitor and control cash flow and ensure that your business is in good financial health.


text:
<?php

namespace Aoceu\SiteBundle\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;

class PortfolioController extends Controller
{

    public function mainAction()
    {
        return $this->render('AoceuSiteBundle:Portfolio:main.html.twig');
    }
}


text:
/* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.camunda.bpm.model.dmn.impl;

import static org.camunda.bpm.model.dmn.impl.DmnModelConstants.DMN10_NS;
import static org.camunda.bpm.model.dmn.impl.DmnModelConstants.DMN_ELEMENT_QUESTION;

import org.camunda.bpm.model.dmn.instance.Question;
import org.camunda.bpm.model.xml.ModelBuilder;
import org.camunda.bpm.model.xml.impl.instance.ModelTypeInstanceContext;
import org.camunda.bpm.model.xml.type.ModelElementTypeBuilder;
import org.camunda.bpm.model.xml.type.ModelElementTypeBuilder.ModelTypeInstanceProvider;

public class QuestionImpl extends DmnModelElementInstanceImpl implements Question {

  public QuestionImpl(ModelTypeInstanceContext instanceContext) {
    super(instanceContext);
  }

  public static void registerType(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) {
    ModelElementTypeBuilder typeBuilder = modelBuilder.defineType(Question.class, DMN_ELEMENT_QUESTION)
      .namespaceUri(DMN10_NS)
      .instanceProvider(new ModelTypeInstanceProvider<Question>() {
        public Question newInstance(ModelTypeInstanceContext instanceContext) {
          return new QuestionImpl(instanceContext);
        }
      });

    typeBuilder.build();
  }

}


When I first started the blog two years ago, I planned on it accompanying a side business of selling baked goods. And any good business person wouldn't give away her recipe, right?!?! So I kept it a big huge secret. And then a few weeks later, when I got over withholding recipes, I quickly forgot my posts without recipes and went on my merry way. The good news is that I'm sharing the recipe for sweet potato bread today – with better pictures and a healthier version that won't leave you lingering for more flavor. Instead, you'll just be asking for a second (or third) piece of bread!
The recipe below has the option of adding yogurt in place of some of the oil (more below). If you want a truly old-fashion sweet potato bread recipe, then skip the yogurt and go straight for the oil. I personally think both ways are absolutely delicious!!
There are a lot of ways to make recipes healthier. Substituting nonfat yogurt or applesauce for oil seems to be the most popular. I've had more experience with the former mostly because I always have it on hand. You know that I replace the oil called for in cake box mixes with yogurt just about every time. I find, however, that made from scratch recipes aren't as foolproof.
The problem with using yogurt (and I use nonfat) is that the baked goods are more dense and don't have the soft almost-crumbly nature. Instead of cutting all of the oil in this recipe, I replace most of it and add just three tablespoons of oil. A few tablespoons is far better than 1/2 cup and more. I haven't tried this with applesauce, but I would think the ratio would work out roughly the same.
Move aside pumpkin bread, sweet potato bread needs it's time in the spotlight. Like pumpkin, sweet potatoes are easily sweet and savory at the same time. In this delectable bread, they're perfectly perfect. Made with greek yogurt, this recipe is lighter in fat than most bread recipes and full of tons of flavor!
Spray a 9-inch loaf pan. Combine all wet ingredients (sweet potato down to the eggs). Add in remaining ingredients except nuts. Mix until well combined. Add nuts. Pour batter into loaf pan until about 3/4" from the top. Sprinkle top with additional chopped pecans.
Bake 60-75 minutes until center is no longer gooey and edges looked browned.
If you have remaining batter, bake in mini loaf pan (35-40 minutes) or cupcake tins (18-22 minutes).


Emma Harcourt has worked as a journalist for over 25 years, in Australia, the UK and Hong Kong. In 2011, she completed the Faber Academy Writing a Novel course and The Shanghai Wife was born. Emma lives in Sydney with her two daughters. She is currently working on her second novel.


text:
Spoon premiere bizarre video for new single "Can I Sit Next To You" — watch
Austin indie rockers keep it strange and sexy on the latest Hot Thoughts preview
by Michelle Geslani
on February 21, 2017, 1:10pm
Photo by Zackery Michael
Spoon are doubling down on the Hot Thoughts action today. Following the announcement of 2017 tour dates, the Austin indie rockers have let loose a brand new single called "Can I Sit Next To You" as well as its accompanying music video.
(Read: The 50 Most Anticipated Albums of 2017)
Whereas Spoon kept things percolating on the excellent title track (one of the best songs in the month of January, in fact), this latest offering finds Britt Daniel & co. gliding at a more steady, swaggering pace. The whole thing's got a different kind of sex appeal than its predecessor, one highlighted by funky guitar and bass bits and, later, some synth-y wizardry that sounds like the band's just about ready to pull you into another dimension.
The black-and-white visual, directed by Beck and Bob Dylan associate Marcel Dzama, incorporates a lot of the track's sexy surreality, as it features masked lovers and beasts brandishing bouquets of flowers. See the oddball clip for yourself down below.
Hot Thoughts, the follow-up to 2014's They Want My Soul, arrives on March 17th through Matador Records.
Hot Thoughts Tracklist:
01. Hot Thoughts
02. WhisperI'lllistentohearit
03. Do I Have to Talk You Into It
04. First Caress
05. Pink Up
06. Can I Sit Next to You
07. I Ain't the One
08. Tear It Down
09. Shotgun
10. Us
Britt Daniel
Ride preview first album in 20 years with "Charm Assault" — listen
Oak House want their anxiety dreams to "Cut That Out" on new track — listen


text:
La EPF - École d'ingénieurs (ex École polytechnique féminine) è una scuola di ingegneria francese fondata nel 1925.

La scuola forma ingegneri con un profilo multidisciplinare, che lavorano in tutti i settori dell'industria e del settore dei servizi. Ogni coorte è composta da circa 350 studenti di istruzione generale, programmi di doppia laurea e insegnanti studenti.

L'EPF è un'università privata di interesse generale riconosciuta dallo stato con sede a Cachan, dal 2010 a Troyes e dal 2012 a Montpellier. La scuola è membro dell'Union des grandes écoles indépendantes (UGEI).

L'EPF è emerso nel 1994 dall'ex École polytechnique féminine (che non è mai stata affiliata all'École polytechnique) fondata nel 1925 da Marie-Louise Paris.

Laureati famosi
 Astrid Guyart, una schermitrice francese, specializzata nel fioretto.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Grande école
EPF
EPF

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Human Rights Research Prize: Call for Applications
The ISHR Human Rights Research Prize will provide students with an opportunity to gain valuable research experience, while supporting the work of Columbia faculty conducting human rights-related research. Students who receive the Prize are expected to complete approximately 80-120 hours of research assistance during the academic year. The research opportunities selected for the 2021-2022 academic year are available below. ISHR will award one research prize per opportunity in the amount of $1,500.
Varsha Vijayakumar
Varsha Vijayakumar (she/they) shares her experience as a student in the Human Rights Studies M.A. Program so far.
MA Human Rights Studies, Spring 2023
ISHR Human Rights Research Fellowship
ISHR's Human Rights Research Fellowship supports Columbia University faculty, conducting research related to human rights, and will provide students with an opportunity to gain valuable research experience. ISHR will award up to three student research stipends in the amount of $1,500 in the 2021-2022 academic year.
Students who receive the Human Rights Research Fellowship are expected to complete approximately 80-120 hours of research assistance. Specific research opportunities for students will be announced as they become available.
Alumni Highlight
Alum Trisha Mukherjee, CC '21, co-created the podcast People • Place • Power with Benjamin Swift (Colorado College).
2020 - 2021 ISHR Annual Report
ISHR is pleased to release our 2020-2021 Annual Report this week. The report covers the diverse programming and activities that the institution oversaw in the last year.
Find the full report here.