WHAT DO YOU TIRE EXPERTS THINK? CAN SEB HOLD ON TO THE FINISH WITH THESE SOFTS?!
it's still advantage hamilton as he'll have much fresher tyres.
At least we got first position with Kimi, Lewis can't make a gap, they should've pitted him earlier. I think Merc just gifted us the win.
Nothing strange! That is example what Ferrari should have done!
NR on Sky was absolutely right. If you want to win the WDC you need to keep cool.
Also, it's clear that Merc will use Bottas to stop Kimi!
I hope he was speeding there!!!!
Whatever, this is Monza, Kimi will just DRS Bottas. Bottas' tires are done.
Comon' Kimi, trash that Bottas slave.


text:
Happy Ending to the Arizona Tea Party T-Shirt Case
Brian Doherty | 3.31.2011 6:42 PM
In our January 2011 issue, I reported on a lawsuit challenging discrimination at the polls in Arizona against people wearing politically themed T-shirts. The scoop:
When Diane Wickberg went to vote in a May special election in Flagstaff, Arizona, she was wearing a T-shirt bearing an emblem on both sides that included the phrase "We the People," a depiction of the American flag and the U.S. Constitution, and the words "Flagstaff Tea Party—Reclaiming Our Constitution Now." Two poll workers ordered her to change or cover her shirt…..Coconino County Recorder Candace Owens later warned her that she would not be allowed to vote at a polling station in the county again if she wore the shirt…..
a lawsuit filed in September with the help of the Goldwater Institute, an Arizona-based think tank….charges that threatening to deprive Wickberg of her voting rights for wearing a Tea Party shirt violates her First Amendment right to free expression.
A happy ending to this one, announced this month by the Goldwater Institute in a press release:
Coconino County has accepted a settlement in a federal lawsuit filed by the Goldwater Institute on behalf of Flagstaff voter Diane Wickberg…..
Coconino County has agreed to implement objective standards at voting precincts to enforce the state electioneering law while protecting the voters' right to free speech…..
Specifically, Coconino County's new rules define electioneering to provide that only conduct that advocates for or against a candidate, a political party, or an issue on the ballot may be banned at the polling site. The County has also agreed to provide additional training to poll workers for objective enforcement of election laws and to protect against discrimination in the polling place.
While I question the First Amendment bona fides of even the milder version of "electioneering" law implicit here–advocate for candidates or parties in a peaceful manner in whatever way you want wherever you want, say I, even near the polling place where it might matter the most–it's a nice victory for political speech even in its limited context.
NEXT: Source Code and Rubber
Brian Doherty is a senior editor at Reason and author of Ron Paul's Revolution: The Man and the Movement He Inspired (Broadside Books).
Campaigns/Elections Litigation Free Speech
blogimi Dei
The COTUS that I swore an oath (x3) too, how does it work?
Almanian
I love a happy ending!
Good for her. I will go out on a limb here and support electioneering laws that would specifically forbid harrassment; I don't want to wade to a poll through a throng of shouting, screaming partisans waving signs and flags in my face, kicking me in the balls and stabbing me with icepicks (which is what would immediately happen if all such laws were scrapped). Other than that, I never got the point. The distance is usually short enough that you still see people right on the edge of the magic bubble, and you can tell who they're stumping for.
kicking me in the balls and stabbing me with icepicks
There are other laws against that already. What the anti-electioneering laws do is prevent them from getting close enough to make you think they're going to do that.
Of course in PA the bubble is so tiny that you do in fact have to run the gauntlet of pamphleteers to get into the polling place. Pittsburgh is so deep blue that it's not worth the effort for most campaigns, but I'd imagine in swing areas of the state it gets pretty harrowing.
Even that mild standard is not enforced evenly. During the last day of early voting for the '08 Texas primaries I went out to vote and then to hold up my RP sign afterwards. There was a girl there handing out fliers for Obama as well. Of course the police officer came up and told me to leave but didn't tell the other one. I said I wasn't leaving if she wasn't. She gave in but I stayed in my car and watched awhile, sure enough the girl was out giving out Obama fliers 5 minutes later.
What part of Texas?
How is that uneven enforcement? The content of a sign is visible from some distance, while fliers are not. Also he did make her stop handing out fliers before leaving, right?
A happy ending guaranteed when voting in a party T-shirt-was it wet?
Rather Retarded
All you small dick boys are the same. Sexist pigs!
Alan Vanneman
March.31.2011 at 10:04 pm
This is not exactly a new issue. One of my sisters was required to wear a jacket over her "The Grin Will Win" tee-shirt, showing a grinning peanut, while going to the polls waaaaaaaaaaaaay back in 1976. "No electioneering within 50 feet of the polls" goes back a lot further than that.
Prada bags is not cheap though, but you will not regret buying it. A Prada made handbag will stand the test of time. Even though Prada handbags are not easy on the pockets, it is a fashion investment.
Prada bags is not cheap though, but you will not regret buying it. A Prada made handbag will stand the test of time.
air max france
What's there to be said about a system of government in which major decisions about representation are made, presumably, based on the content of tee shirts that you might happen to see on your way into a voting booth?
I know, I know – that it's a better form of government than any other. Small comfort.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


in The Sermon on the Mt.
must get rid of corruption.
that brings us good fruit.
Cut down false dealing v. 3.
Cut down waste. V. 6.
Cut down false teaching V. 15.
Live the white life. V. 12.
Sermon Text Cutting Down The Corrupt Tree Matt 7. Temperance Lesson - Right here in The Sermon on the Mt. We will begin with the Golden Text: V. 19 In this text Jesus plainly teaches that his followers must get rid of corruption. He gives the rule to go by. V. 20 Cut down the tree [that tree] that brings us good fruit. Cut down false dealing v. 3. Cut down waste. V. 6. Cut down false teaching V. 15. Cut down false display. V 22 Cut down false hopes V 24 -27 Live the white life. V. 12.


At Heronsgate we have a Head Boy and Girl at each site. They are ambassadors for our school and promote the best qualities of the school. Head Boys and Girls show visitors around the school, speak in school assemblies, help to set up events and are active members of School Council.


text:
Il Battersea Arts Centre (BAC) è un complesso culturale e teatro presso Battersea, nel quartiere londinese di Wandsworth. Inaugurato nel 1980, la sua Grand Hall fu danneggiata molto gravemente da un incendio durante una ristrutturazione del 2015. Nonostante lo spazio scenico non sia utilizzabile, il BAC rimase aperto come aula consiliare, bar e biblioteca.

Storia
Progettato da Edward William Mountford, l'edificio fu inaugurato nel 1893 con il nome di Battersea Town Hall, quartiere amministrativo del borgo di Battersea. Fu qui che Bertrand Russell espose per la prima volta il saggio che sarebbe diventato Perché non sono cristiano il 6 marzo 1927.

Nel 1901 fu installata nella Grand Hall un enorme organo a canne progettato da Robert Hope-Jones. L'organo, restaurato nel 2008, fu l'ultima creazione di Hope-Jones ancora in funzione al momento dell'incendio del 2015, quando grand parte dello strumento fu distrutto. Nel 1974 il BAC fu riconvertito in un centro culturale e sette anni dopo vi fu fondato anche un teatro. Dal 1991 il centro ospita l'annuale festival della birra di Battersea.

Il 13 marzo 2015 scoppiò un incendio sul tetto del BAC che causò grossi danni strutturali, incluso il crollo della torre, la Grand Hall e la Lower Hall. Furono necessari oltre ottanta vigili del fuoco per domare l'incendio. Le ristrutturazioni furono portate a termine nel 2018 sotto la supervisione dell'architetto Haworth Tompkins.

Galleria d'immagini

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Biblioteche di Londra
Teatri di Londra
Teatri stabili

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
R. Kelly 'Captive' Fires Back at Dad, Says He Agreed to Let Her Live with Singer
Alexandra MaloneyJul 19th, 2017, 12:03 pm
21-year-old Joycelyn Savage, one of six so-called "captives" mentioned in the bombshell BuzzFeed News report in which parents of the alleged victims accused R&B singer R. Kelly of holding their daughters in an abusive "cult"-like environment, spoke out against her father's accusations and told TMZ that her father actually helped make arrangements for her to live at Kelly's home.
Sources close to Joycelyn told TMZ that her father, Timothy Savage, agreed to let her daughter live with R. Kelly nearly two years ago after Kelly and Joycelyn met at a concert. Sources reportedly said, "the eventual plan — hatched by Dad [Timothy], R. Kelly and others–was for Joycelyn to stay at Kelly's house to develop as a singer under his tutelage." She was dropped off at a friend's house by her father, the sources say, where she was then driven to Kelly's house. Joycelyn reportedly told friends that her father knows her exact whereabouts.
Yesterday, Timothy dared R. Kelly to file a lawsuit against him after the singer denied the accusations and expressed that he wanted to sue his accusers.
In the video above, Joycelyn asserts that she was happy, and chided her father for embarrassing her. "Dad, you know everything that's going on with the media and Internet, and what you have done is a complete disaster," Joycelyn said. "Honestly, you know the situation that had happened that night when I went to meet R. Kelly."
Joycelyn has not released her location, but has previously asserted she is not being held against her will.
[Video and Image via TMZ]


The Ann Street Gospel Chapel, Bundaberg East is a member of Christian Community Churches of Australia. No other details are known. More historical information/photographs of the church/congregation are invited. Photographs uploaded 28/4/2018.


Showing entries 1-15 of 363 from 77 blogs.
「カツ丼/プリンアラ� �ード」(Katsudon/Purin a ra Moudo) "Pork Cutlet Rice Bowl/Pudding a la Mode" Katsudon and Pudding? Flashbacks to Hataraku Maou-Sama! and Tsugumomo. The post Isekai Shokudou – 05 appeared first on Random Curiosity.
Summer 2014 New Anime -- full previews w/story, cast, staff, trailer, etc.
Suisei no Gargantia Hataraku Maou-sama! Senyuu.


text:
3P Biopharmaceuticals presents its growth plan at BIOSPAIN to further expand its operations in Europe and the USA
The investments will enable the company to increase its mammalian cell-based protein production capacity tenfold and increase its microbial cell-based protein production capacity by 50%. The total floor space of the company will triple.
3P Biopharmaceuticals, a leading CDMO (contract development and manufacturing organisation) specialising in process development and cGMP (good manufacturing practice) manufacturing of biologics and cell therapy products, presents its growth plan at BIOSPAIN.
By 2025, 3P plans to invest 40 million Euro to consolidate its position in the global market for new biological drug development and manufacturing. The investment plan, which the CDMO is carrying out over a 5 year period; 15 million has already been invested during the last 2 years and a further 25 million will be invested by end of 2025 is aimed at increasing capacity and incorporating additional state-of-the-art development and manufacturing technologies. "At 3P we remain committed to growth. The entry of Keensight Capital in 2019, one of Europe's leading private equity managers specialising in healthcare, as a majority shareholder, is allowing us to focus on capacity expansion and technological adaptation, as well as greater internationalisation. Our goal is to expand further in Europe and thus prepare for a greater presence in the US market," explains Dámaso Molero, CEO of 3P Biopharmaceuticals.
The investments
In the field of mammalian cell-based protein production, 3P will bring an expanded production suite on-line at the end of October, which will increase its capacity to manufacture these proteins ten-fold, reaching a scale of 2,000l per batch with single-use technology (disposable bioreactors). A second 2000l single-use bioreactor will be brought on-line in 2022. In parallel, it will increase by 50% its capacity to manufacture proteins from bacteria and yeasts, with a third upstream line to be launched before the end of 2021 and a third downstream purification line planned for 2022.
After expansion, the company's facilities will reach a total of 9000m2 across three buildings, where offices, process development, production and analytical areas will be distributed including1000m2 of space entirely dedicated to laboratories for the development of analytical methods and quality control.
30% annual growth
In 2020 3P Biopharmaceuticals closed the year with a turnover of 33 million Euro and an ebidta operating profit of more than 9 million Euro. Nearing its 15th anniversary and with an annual growth of 30% since its inception, 3P Biopharmaceuticals has doubled its number of employees since 2017. "We now employ more than 300 people and are currently working together with 19 clients consolidating ongoing projects and starting new ones. Every development we carry out is aimed to cure, or at least improve, the quality of life of thousands of people," explains the CEO.
3P is currently working on several projects for different indications and is also collaborating with a French company on the development of a vaccine against Covid-19 and with a Swedish company, looking at a treatment for the disease. In addition, 3P regularly manufactures the first biosimilar developed in Spain for treating people who have received chemotherapy for cancer; the only vaccine in the world against Leishmania in dogs; and is about to manufacture another vaccine against mumps in horses, which has just been approved by the EMA.
3P is a key driving force, not only for the region of Navarra, but also at national level, the reason why it is a member of the board of directors of Spanish Biotechnology Association (Asebio) and a silver sponsor of BIOSPAIN. It has an important presence during the fair, participating in 3 round table discussions: one on attracting talent, another in which future global pandemic scenarios and possible solutions for an effective response will be debated, and finally, "New challenges in the development and manufacture of monoclonal antibodies", an area in which the company is making a clear commitment to the future.
View the full press release here
Our dedicated team of specialists will be happy to discuss any of your process development, cGMP Biologics Manufacturing and cell therapy needs. Contact us on +34 948 346 480 or email withinus@3pbio.com
Back to news centre
3P Biopharmaceuticals among the 500 fastest growing companies in Spain
Published: 19th December 2022
This is the first year the company appears in the ranking established by CEPYME for 500 companies that lead business growth in Spain.
3P Biopharmaceuticals brings together leading international experts in biomedicine to celebrate its 15th anniversary.
Published: 1st December 2022
The event gathered an audience of more than 150 people and was attended by Juan Cruz Cigudosa, Councillor for University, Innovation, and Digital Transformation.
BrainEver and 3P Biopharmaceuticals collaborate on development of recombinant human homeoprotein Engrailed-1
3P Bio will focus on the transfer of the production process as well as the cGMP manufacturing of the drug substance to be used in Phase I and II clinical trials. The novel drug could cure neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.


Hot Chicken Takeover is partnering with the Kaleidoscope Youth Center through a program to benefit the non-profit. Hot Chicken Takeover has produced a limited edition of PRIDE shirts for 2017, and will donate $5 from every shirt sold to the Kaleidoscope Youth Center (KYC).
Kaleidoscope Youth Center has earmarked the donation for their newly-formed KYC Cycle Club program. The initiative not only provides participants in the program with a bicycle, but youth will also get hands-on instruction on how to ride a bike, training on cycling laws and regulations, and tips on how to maintain their bike.
Shirts will be available in both Youth and Adult sizes this year. They may be purchased at the North Market location for $29 while supplies last. The Clintonville location (4203 N. High Street) is set to open later this month and will also have the shirts available while supplies last.
Stonewall Columbus Pride Festival runs June 16-18 in downtown Columbus.


The Borden Citizen welcomes submissions from both the military and local communities. At its core, the Borden Citizen aims to connect those communities, offering space in print, and online where both are published side-by-side in both French and English.
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text:
Alex Thomson
'Next 24 to 48 hours are vital for Rangers'
Being in Brussels doing something completely different and thus probing Rangers part-time is less than ideal but I can now reveal something of what's been going on and where we are now headed.
Broadly, the Scottish Sun story is correct this morning so cap duly doffed etc – but there's a lot more to it of course. I can reveal that the group of England-based businessmen with UK big-football club experience has, in fact, been in talks with Rangers Administrators Duff and Phelps for around a week.
That is, all the time that D&P were staging "bogus" press statements at Ibrox and giving pitch-side interviews, they were also talking to this group at least, and possibly at least one more outside-bidder from beyond the UK.
As Channel 4 News indicated last week, much of the whole Miller-meltdown appears now to have been little more than a very public "smoking-out" exercise to see if the Tennessee Trucker really was serious or liked what he saw at Ibrox when he looked at the books or heard the Bears growl "Yanks Out" and other welcoming noises.
Craig Whyte is certainly serious about the Sassenach Saviours and is talking with them today and tomorrow. My information is that, unlike the Miller's Tale (with apologies to Geoffrey Chaucer), we are now talking something more real with individuals whom it would not be helpful to name at this point.
As one at the heart of it all said:
"Alex – you can certainly say the next 24 to 48 hours are vital for Rangers Football Club."
And this time around I'd be strongly inclined to say this is more credible stuff after last weeks Caledonian-American ceilidh-of-the-absurd.
So where's Craigy? The majority shareholder of Rangers, Craig Whyte is talking, talking seriously I believe. And he is shifting. Not long ago he was asking whistfully for £30 million from a club you'd do well to extract 30p from, just now.
I'd say that position's changed or changing as we speak. He will, I know, be extremely angry at all the time this has taken and the turbulent courtship of Mr Miller will have improved nobody's mood around these talks.
In sum: expect an English-led deal from people with genuine football experience, minded to avoid liquidation via a CVA (which will be treated like a Newco, UEFA tell me with a 3 year ban), and expect Craig Whyte to agree a final exit strategy.
I'm saying expect something like this to be put on the table, that is not the same as expect this to happen.
But…but…this is Rangers Football Club. I've done what I can to map it til, say, Friday but…check against delivery.
Follow @alextomo on Twitter.
Uncategorised, Alex Thomson, Craig Whyte, Rangers Football Club
Tweets by @alextomo
20 reader comments
Carntyne says:
If this latest bid is successful fine, but with Rangers at the gates of the cemetery, why now?
Would it not have made more sense to launch this bid weeks ago, giving time for required due dilligence.
It is difficult to see how any new bidder can effect CVA in the time remaining, a CVA which almost everyone now accepts is most likely to fail.
Likewise with setting up a newco in the event of liquidation.
Can any new interested party really have a completely new squad in place for the start of next season?
The present squad are unaffordable in the present set up, and will be for any newco.
Too many obstacles in my opinion.
Domink says:
Unless they are W.A.S.P and have mega 'off-the-radar' millions and want to get drunk with the 1690 pinheads, then they will get the same treatment as old Tennessee Bill…go back home and leave us to die in peace…
william munn says:
this has to end soon……all credit to alex.shown up scottish media who I feel hid murrays mesd
Malkatraz says:
Why, Alex, this all sounds dangerously like positive news!
S.B. says:
If a Rangers newco, under whoever or whatever guise, walks straight back into the SPL with minimal penalties then many Scottish football fans will turn their backs on the game for good. If Rangers are allowed to leave most of their debt behind and continue in the top tier while still in debt to clubs in the same league then Scottish football will have admitted that those who break the rules still make the rules and that nothing has changed. Already some Rangers fans are now boasting that they will emerge virtually debt free from all of this and this proves that 'they are above the regulations' and are indeed 'The People'. Given their notorious reputation and past form this will just add more fuel to their bigoted songbook and give them an even greater twisted air of arrogance, superiority and bigotry over other fans who will not just roll over and let this happen. Furthermore if the Celtic board are found to be in any way compliant in letting Rangers off the hook then they could find a lot of empty seats at Celtic Park next season as many of us won't go back near Scottish football. This also applies to other SPL clubs who vote for selfish commercial reasons over honesty and integrity by voting Rangers straight back in. The choice is clear, sporting integrity or anarchy rules.
So…the latest rumour is that Ticketus is involved. Hmmmm, The another rumour that Ticketus is suing Whytey for £27 Million. Hmmmm.
None of which makes a CVA any more likely given that HMRC will have to agree.
Any truth in the rumour that Dunfermline FC are suing the SPL for failure to comply with its own rules.
rangers have been allowed to go an entire season without paying tax/N.I./Vat and buy players they had no intention of paying for. This brings with it unlimited sanctions i.e. expulsion from the league
They've used that unpaid PAYE/NI to part pay for players. That's clearly cheating all the other SPL clubs.
They used debt in the last 4 years to win honours. Its preposterous that they could shed that debt without also shedding those honours.
Joseph Robb Buirds says:
RANGERS [NEWCO] UNITED,,,Some of the team for next year:
Naismith, Naimoney, Naiground, Naiplayers, Naitrophies, Naihope, Naifuture….Hail, hail
old codger says:
The celtic trust had a meeting with representatives of the SPL recently, on the subject of RANGERS. Just how bad is their obsession? and for those who haven't read it, Kleenex anyone?
Nothing to do with obsession.
Just making sure Rangers get their deserved spanking.
John C F says:
In a 2 horse race is it not vital to know how the other is running (or is someone else going to challenge for the SPL?)
In a 2 horse race is it not wise to keep an eye on the other one's form? Or is ome other club about to mount an SPL challenge?
Legally Blonde says:
Has anyone actually looked at the legal implications of trying to implement a CVA. If Duff and Duffer have as they say 3 bids on the table. They have to go through the whole process again and time is running out. Doesnt there need to be around 6 weeks minimum statutory time to set up a CVA? Rangers dont have 6 days never mind 6 weeks. The Scottish Media are full of fairy tales but none of them have actually looked at the facts.
if this goes ahead all you lot in this blog who consistently are making these very bitter comments about the rangers support will be crying in your suit and I would imagine be inconsolable………why dont you give it a rest with all these bigoted comments….we are both from the same city and are the same people who work together daily…..both sides have their bampots and this overly moral high and mighty attitude is childlike……take a look in the mirror
looks like HMRC may be the final obstacle….hope they will accept a CVA and then their just might be a very very very small glimmer of hope. Bill Miller was only flushed out it would appear and was never close to taking over as Alex suggests. If by a wholescale miracle rangers came out with a CVA an open question to Celtic fans…..will you still boycott your own teams fixtures next year??
martin kennea says:
StreamingPandora says:
The way D&P have behaved in this has been nothing short of disgusting. Bill Miller was invited to the table as part of a consortium of buyers, and then possibly thinking that he could get his finger in the pie of one of the most iconic sporting entities in the world, decided to bid himself when the group fell apart. I am assuming that he was probably of the mind that 'soccer' is becoming a big game in the US and he could possibly take that back to the US and market it it in some way. Whatever, his reasons for doing so are neither here nor there, but for D&P to be setting the guy up, putting his name out to the public in such a way to be scrutinised by the fans to see if he would hold up is despicable. D&P know that there are sections of the Rangers support who have already threatened SFA members, and what they did was no better than Ally McCoist demanding to know names when he already had them. It is a singular and most duplicitous act of immorality that I have ever seen so nakedly employed. To treat a potential buyer, whether you believe him to be credible or not, with such contempt and duplicity, that you are putting the person on display to be challenged in the way that he has from the fans of the team he was hoping to save, whilst at the same time sneakily dealing with anonymous parties in the background to take the heat off them is shameless and morally bankrupt. They put this man in the firing line for death threats and vile abuse which appears to be acceptable to D&P. What way is this to conduct any business? I think it is time questions are about the administrators and their behaviour so far.
fasty says:
you've got to love the fact that the average rangers fan just can't get their head around this self inflicted fatal wound. They are like the junkies who run around blaming the world for their misfortune whilst breaking into houses and stealing old ladies purses. Our friend Ross above sees every comment against his club as bigoted regardless of content. Ross your club is disliked because the rest of us, cash paying scottish fans see clear as day the despicable and unforgiveable behaviour of RFC across every aspect of their clubs activity. On the park you have players who don't believe they should pay their dues to this country, off the park the directors similarly living champagne lifesyles at the expense of the taxpayer, trophies titles and swagger that has been bought with other peoples money, like the banks Rangers thought we're too big to fail,an inflated sense of self worth by a wee local business who don't turnover in a year what the local asda turns over in a month. Fans who shame this country on every trip abroad and never more publicly than in Manchester. Regularly fined and sanctioned by the international footballing authorities for their shameful vilification of catholics and yet they cling top their sectarian bile like the aforementioned junkies cling to their smack. Deep down fully aware that it's killing them but unable to let it go incase they're seen jumping the dike from their cultural morass.
can i just add that one of the reasons given by HMRC on their website for refusing a cva is stated thus :
that the business in question had "funded their business or lifestyle by consistently withholding Crown monies"
So unless RFC is some kind of extra special case, which it clearly is not, there will be no CVA.


June 3, 2002, we announced a strategic partnership between Macromedia and Nielsen Norman Group to improve Flash usability: we will develop the usability guidelines for Internet-based applications in Flash MX.
1. Now supports the "Back" button.
Macromedia has also made an important strategic decision to focus on useful use of Flash to build Internet-based applications, as opposed to the fluffy use that was prevalent two years ago when I published the above critique of the lack of usability in most Flash designs.


text:
Home/Cars/Bollinger Suspends Plans for Electric B1 SUV and B2 Pickup
Bollinger Suspends Plans for Electric B1 SUV and B2 Pickup
Electric startup Bollinger Motors announced today that it will be putting its consumer EVs on the back burner.
The B1 SUV and B2 pickup truck were supposed to reach production by the end of last year but now may never see the light of day.
Bollinger will instead work on developing its electric-vehicle platforms.
UPDATE 1/14/21, 11:40 a.m.: A Bollinger spokesperson informed Car and Driver that the company will focus on developing electric platforms for the commercial market, rather than building the Deliver-E van. The platforms will be for Class 3-6 vehicles, and Bollinger will work with fleet customers to customize the platforms to suit their needs, with vehicle upfitters crafting the vehicles' bodies.
Way back in 2017, a startup called Bollinger Motors showed off an electric SUV called the B1 that looked like it was designed using Legos. It was soon joined by a pickup truck version, the B2, and the off-roaders were due to go on sale in 2019. But the small company failed to find a production partner in time, and Bollinger pushed the B1 and B2's launch date back to late 2021. Today, Bollinger Motors announced that it will be postponing the start of its consumer-truck business and commercial Deliver-E, which was originally supposed to go into production in 2022 with an unnamed manufacturing partner. Instead, Bollinger is choosing to focus on its electric-vehicle platform.
The Bollinger B1 and B2 were supposed to reach production with a 120.0-kWh battery pack, which Bollinger claimed provided 200 miles of range. The all-terrain EVs were going to cost $125,000 and would have had a 5000-pound payload capacity and 15 inches of ground clearance. With the change in plans, Bollinger said that it will refund deposits that had been made for the B1 and B2, suggesting that if the boxy off-roaders ever do reach production, it won't be for at least several years.
#Bollinger #Suspends #Plans #Electric #SUV #Pickup
Bollinger Electric Pickup Plans Suspends SUV
The Best Winter Gloves of 2022
Guide to the Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP)
Cadillac Escalade V Confirmed, Will Debut Soon


text:
Ahad Raza Mir and Sajal Aly Will be Seen in Cross Border Web Series Dhoop Ki Deewar
Two of the hottest stars in the industry happen to be Ahad Raza Mir and Sajal Aly who stole everyone's heart with their performance in drama Yaqeen Ka Safar and then, of course, came together again for the period drama Aangan. With the duo about to get married too, it seems that they will be seen in a web series soon called Dhoop Ki Deewar which happens to be a cross border love story.
Eid Mubarak 🕶
A post shared by Ahad Raza Mir (@ahadrazamir) on Aug 12, 2019 at 6:23am PDT
Written by Umera Ahmed, the web series is inspired by true events as well as emotional stories told by the loved ones left behind in similar circumstances.
Directed by the Diyar-e-Dil famed director Haseeb Hassan, he recently revealed more about the project to Instep where he said,
'Dhoop Ki Deewar is not a love story: it is a love-hate story based on the love-hate relationship between people of India and Pakistan. That's the only way WE can write and read a love story between these two people that's what almost 70 years of unending hatred does to people and their sensibilities. And the most difficult thing for a writer in the subcontinent is to write an Indo-Pak love story."
Written in the backdrop of Kashmir and Pulwama attacks, besides Ahad and Sajal in the lead the web series also includes Samiya Mumtaz, Samina Ahmed, Savera Nadeem, Manzar Sehbai, Adnan Jaffer, Zara Tareen, Paras Masroor, Hammad Siddiqui, Ainy Zaidi, Salma Hasan, Lubna Aslam as well as our very own Mithoo from Suno Chanda 2 Raza Talish.
A post shared by RazaTalish (@razatalish) on Aug 2, 2019 at 12:24am PDT
With more than half of the project shot, Dhoop Ki Deewar will release online on various international platforms that might include Netflix too!
Daily InfoTainment: Ahad Raza Mir and Sajal Aly Will be Seen in Cross Border Web Series Dhoop Ki Deewar
https://mixsites.mixwpthemes.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Ahad-Raza-Mir-and-Sajal-Aly-Pair-Up-for-a.jpg
https://www.dailyinfotainment.com/2019/08/ahad-raza-mir-and-sajal-aly-will-be.html


Disuse atrophy is a type of muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, which refer to a decrease in the size of muscles in the body. Disuse atrophy occurs when a muscle is no longer as active as usual. When muscles are no longer in use, they slowly become weaker. Eventually, they begin to shrink. In some cases, disuse atrophy can be reversed if the muscles become active again.
Disuse atrophy can be caused by immobility, such as an arm being in a cast for a long period of time. It can also occur to some degree if a person stops performing their usual activities, such as walking.
Disuse atrophy often occurs from not using a muscle or a disconnection of the nerve signals to the muscle. The condition often occurs after a period of bed rest after a major surgical procedure, to people with limbs in casts or from becoming bedridden due to illness or age.
The older population is particularly at risk for developing disuse atrophy, as well as those who suffer from a joint disease that causes them to become immobile.
People who exercise regularly or are simply active on a daily basis allow their muscles to grow to meet their needs. However, lack of using a muscle often results in the body's breakdown -- it no longer wants to exert the energy to move and expand. Therefore, the muscle decreases in size as well as in strength.
Disuse atrophy can be a temporary condition if the unused muscles are exercised properly after a limb is taken out of a cast or a person has regained enough strength to exercise after being bedridden for a period of time.
Doctors recommend patients suffering from disuse atrophy complete various exercises that involve the muscle and increase being active on a daily basis. Physicians often start patients off with normal physical activity, such as simply getting up, walking, lifting and carrying. A strict daily exercise regime can "cure" or reverse disuse atrophy by giving the muscles the energy they need to regrow.
In severe cases of disuse atrophy, there is a permanent loss of skeletal muscle fibers. In these cases, doctors may have to replace muscle tissue and prescribe a full rehabilitation plan.
Disuse atrophy can be a side effect of a neuropathic pain condition, which occurs when nerves in the central nervous system become damaged. Nerve, or neuropathic pain, which is one of the most intense types of chronic pain, can become debilitating and slowly diminish the quality of life.
Churchill Livingstone, Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine, 2008 Elsevier Limited.


Yogurt in my natural hair—SAY WHAT?
Now, this might sound crazy, because it initially sounded crazy to me, but after doing some research I found that using yogurt in natural hair has multiple benefits!
During the winter months hair can become EXTRA dry and brittle (I've already started to experience this). Yogurt can help during these months to moisturize and strengthen your fragile hair.
Yogurt contains lactic acid that will smooth out your coils and add tons of moisture!
Best part of this yogurt thing is that you can make your own conditioning masque with ingredients from your kitchen!
That's all for now beauties! Have you tried yogurt in your natural hair before??? Please share your experience below!!


On November, 4, 2017 city walk "City During the "Quiet War" 1939–1941: Literary Perspective" took place on the basis of the "Imaginary map of Literary Lviv (±1939)" research.
imminence, anxiety, enforcement, silence, concealment and inability to keep silent.
The walk was guided by authors of the project "Imaginary Map of Literary Lviv (±1939)", the researchers Viktor Martyniuk and Danylo Ilnytskyi.
Danylo Ilnytskyi – literary scholar and essayist, works in the Ivan Krypyakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the NASU, Candidate of Philology. Compiler and author of comments to the three editions ofworks of Bohdan-Ihor Antonych, author of academic works on hisartistic system, as well as articles, essays, author's columns ondifferent personalities, events, and problems of humanitarian and cultural and artistic world.
Viktor Martyniuk – iterary scholar, literary editor, Candidate ofPhilology. He works in the Department of Ukrainian Literature at the Ivan Krypyakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the NASU. Projectteam member in projects of the Center for Humanities at the IvanFranko National University in Lviv, such as "University Dialogues", "The Solo Is On… New Voices", "8 Interpretations of Antonych", "Intellectual Biography", and "The Places of Future Heritage".


Ethernet /ˈiːθərnɛt/ is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). Ethernet was commercially introduced in 1980 and standardized in 1985 as IEEE 802.3. Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies.
The Ethernet standards comprise several wiring and signaling variants of the OSI physical layer in use with Ethernet. The original 10BASE5 Ethernet used coaxial cable as a shared medium. Later the coaxial cables were replaced by twisted pair and fiber optic links in conjunction with hubs or switches. Data rates were periodically increased from the original 10 megabits per second to 100 gigabits per second.
...that through the rec.arts.sf.tv.babylon5.moderated Usenet newsgroup, Babylon 5 creator and writer J. Michael Straczynski is often credited as being the first TV producer to directly engage with his fans on the internet, and have their comments impact the look and feel of his work?
...that Space.com is a space and astronomy news website launched in 1999 by CNN anchor Lou Dobbs?
...that Go.com partnered with Goto.com in 2001, even though a judge had ordered Go.com to pay Goto.com $21.5 million earlier for having a similar logo?
...that the short-lived Apple Network Servers were the last non-Macintosh computers manufactured by Apple?
...that FIBS is the earliest backgammon server on the internet and has been actively operating since July 19, 1992?


Taekwon-Do is the scientific use of the body in the art of self defence – a body that has gained the ultimate use of its facilities through intensive, physical and mental training. Taekwon-Do is recognised today as not only one of the most effective forms of self defence but also an excellent way of improving fitness and overall health.
There are many aspects to Taekwon-Do training but the main areas are Patterns, Free Sparring, Pre-arranged Sparring and Destruction.
Steeped in history Taekwon-Do Originated in Korea and has evolved from more than 2,000 years of martial arts forms including Soo Bak-Gi and Tae Kyon, the Korean art of Foot Fighting. Taekwon-Do developed to its present form in the last century after extensive development by Grandmaster Choi Hong Hi 9th Degree and was officially recognised as the Martial Art of Korea in 1955.
Free Sparring is the process of 2 students in full protective equipment attempting to score points by hitting legal targets on each other with hand and or foot techniques. Sparring at school level is always touch contact only. Part of the assessment of good sparring skills is the student showing controlled levels of contact. Students of different grades will practice together and the senior grade student is always expected to coach the lower grades. This is especially true of juniors new to the art. All too often we hear of situations where students new to sparring have received rough treatment at the hands of higher grades. Be assured that this is not the case at a Heart of England School.
Pre-arranged Sparring is the practice of developing self defence techniques with a partner. The techniques vary from simple set sequences with a partner at white belt to free style one step attack, defence and counter attack at Black Belt. This aspect of training helps with developing fast reflexes and also the ability to read the body language of one's opponent.
Patterns are the set sequences of movements designed to mimic a confrontation with an imaginary opponent. The Patterns increase in difficulty and variety of techniques as the student progresses through the grades.
Destruction is the power testing of an individual's techniques. Power testing or destruction is performed against reformable plastic boards or against kick shields or pads. Students are not forced to break and anyone under the age of 16 may only power test against kick shields and pads.
With the exception of Pre-Arranged Sparring all the above are categories within competitions. Heart of England students regularly attend regional, national and international competitions. Students are not expected to compete but if they show the inclination and aptitude then Heart of England Instructors are extremely well qualified to train and develop individuals in this aspect of the Art. Master Gary Bradshaw 7th Degree has coached National Teams at European and World Championships on numerous occasions and many Heart of England Students hold National and International Titles.


NYCC 2018: 80s Classic 'Dinosaucers' Is Back With Andrew Pepoy!
It may have taken way longer than any of us could have anticipated, but the 'Dinosaucers' are back! Now I know what you're thinking- "what the hell are 'Dinosaucers'?"! And that's totally fair! We can't blame you if you don't remember the name, but we promise that you'd recognize them if you saw them.
See? Now doesn't that refresh your memory a bit? The 'Dinosaucers' brand was a short lived animated series back in the late-1980's that told the story of a group of anthropomorphic dinosaurs that have traveled to Earth from outer space while battling the villainous Tryannos! In the show they team up with a group of four teens who work alongside them to save the day. The premise is simple, it's clean, and sadly it wasn't enough to keep it on the air for more than a season. The show ran for approximately sixty-five episodes before it was cancelled and the fate of our heroes left up in the air.
Cut to a whopping thirty years later! Anyone who grew up watching 'Dinosaucers' is now an adult (unless you had a really "cool" Dad who somehow had a bunch of bootlegged episodes on VHS that you watched well after the VHS era), and the 'Dinosaucers' are poised to make their triumphant return! Thanks to the team at Lion Forge Comics and a creative team comprised of the original creator of 'Dinosaucers' Michael Uslan and comic book industry veteran artist Andrew Pepoy, the 'Dinosaucers' brand is coming back in a big way with an all new mini-series to relaunch the series!
We recently met up with the 'Dinosaucers' miniseries artist Andrew Pepoy to talk about the creative direction of the book, what brought the series back to life after all these years laying dormant, and just why 'Dinosaucers' is the book you should be reading! Check out our full interview with Andrew Pepoy below!
The new 'Dinosaucers' is currently two issues deep into its five-issue run, which means you've still got plenty of time to get caught up on what sounds like an amazing series! Be sure to check out Andrew Pepoy's work on his personal website, Facebook, and Twitter!
Stay tuned to ScienceFiction.com for all the latest info on 'Dinosaucers' and for more New York Comic Con 2018 coverage!


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Schools Competitions
2020-23 Events Update
(Page Last Updated: 16 August 2022)
Following a British Schools Gymnastics Association (BSGA) executive committee meeting, and in consultation with the BSGA individual discipline technical committees, BSGA has taken the tough decision to cancel all competitions/events for the 2020/21 and 2022 season (1 Sep 20 to Aug 22).
As a result, we have also taken the decision to cancel all schools competition/ events for the 2020-2022 too. By cancelling all schools gymnastics events for the 2020-22 academic years, we remove all uncertainty for you, our schools. This allows you to focus on your own challenges, to deal with the return of gymnastics in your schools. We have subsequently madethe decision to cancel schools competitions and display events in the 2022-23 financial year. We will still be running gymfest in November and April - which school groups can enter. You can find more information about our upcoming gymfest events by clicking on the display section of our website.
Please contact events@scottishgymnastics for more information.


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METALLICA Sets Release Date For 'Master Of Puppets' Reissue!
By: KANE-O!
The eagerly awaited and anticipated reissue of METALLICA's career-defining Master of Puppets album finally has a release date: November 10. Just in time for headbangers to include it on their holiday wish lists!
The Metallicats have also revealed that their fans will have 3 different options to choose from: a standard remastered disc, an expanded version, and of course, the now de rigueur deluxe edition.
On the expanded version, fans will receive (in addition to the remastered disc) a second disc with rough mixes, demos, an interview, and a third disc of various live songs from the Damage, Inc. tour along with a 28-page booklet. Formats for the release will be CD, vinyl, and digital download. Also, a 108-page book will be available as an add-on to either set or to be purchased separately.
For the deluxe set, the contents feature the remastered album on both CD & vinyl, a complete (2 LP) concert from Chicago at the Aragon Ballroom, three discs of rough mixes, demos, and outtakes, 4 more CDs of METALLICA concert performances, a concert on cassette (!) and 2 DVDs with more concerts and interviews! Whew! And there's STILL more!
Check out the deluxe set's complete track listing as well as the video of its unboxing below! (Full details of the Deluxe set can also be seen and pre-ordered at the METALLICA website.)
Metallica, 'Master of Puppets,' Deluxe Edition Track Listing
'Master of Puppets' Remastered (LP and CD)
"The Thing That Should Not Be"
"Welcome Home (Sanitarium)"
"Disposable Heroes"
"Leper Messiah"
Live at the Aragon Ballroom, Chicago, Ill., May 25, 1986
"(Anesthesia) – Pulling Teeth"
"Seek & Destroy"
"Creeping Death"
"Am I Evil?"
Rough Mixes From the Vault (CD)
"The Money Will Roll Right In"
Riffs, Demos & Outtakes From Lars' & James' Vaults (2 CDs)
Live at the Meadowlands, East Rutherford, N.J., April 21, 1986 (CD)
Live at the Hampton Coliseum, Hampton, Va., Aug. 3, 1986 (CD)
Jason's Audition & Live at the Country Club, Reseda, Calif., Nov. 8, 1986 (CD)
"Master of Puppets" (Jason's First Audition)
"Battery" (Jason's First Audition)
"Seek & Destroy" (Jason's Second Audition)
"Creeping Death" (Jason's Second Audition)
"Fight Fire With Fire" (Jason's Second Audition)
Live at Grugahalle, Essen, West Germany, Jan. 25, 1987 (CD)
Live at Solnahallen, Stockholm, Sweden, Sept. 26, 1986 (Cassette)
Live & Interviews (2 DVD)
Joe Louis Arena, Detroit, Mich., April 4, 1986 (DVD)
Live at Roskilde Festival, Festivalpladsen, Roskilde, Denmark, July 6, 1986
MTV Heavy Metal Mania (Three Parts)
Live at Aichi Kinro Kaikan, Nagoya, Japan, Nov. 17, 1986


text:
Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors
As approved by the Board of Directors on August 3, 2017
Authority and Membership
Members of the Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors (the "Board") of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. (the "Corporation") are appointed annually by the Board on the recommendation of the Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee. The members shall serve until their successors are duly elected and qualified by the Board. The Committee shall consist of at least two members of the Board, all of whom must meet the independence requirements applicable to The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. or such other exchange or system upon which the Corporation's securities are listed, quoted and/or traded ("Nasdaq") and any standards of independence as may be prescribed for purposes of any federal securities, tax and other laws relating to the Committee's duties and responsibilities. Each member of the Committee shall meet both the definition of "non-employee director" under Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") and the definition of "outside director" for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. No member of the Committee shall be an officer or former officer of the Corporation or an "affiliated person" of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries. No member of the Committee may have any interlocking relationships required to be disclosed under the federal securities laws, including Item 402(j)(3) of Regulation S-K.
Director's fees are the only compensation that a Committee member may receive directly or indirectly from or on behalf of the Corporation.
The Board will appoint one of the members of the Committee to serve as Committee Chair. The Committee may also appoint a Secretary, who need not be a member of the Board The Committee has the authority, to the extent it deems necessary or appropriate, to retain independent legal, accounting and other advisors. The Committee shall also have the authority, to the extent it deems necessary or appropriate, to ask the Corporation to provide the Committee with the support of one or more Corporation employees to assist it in carrying out its duties. The Corporation shall provide for appropriate funding, as determined solely by the Committee, for payment of compensation to any advisors employed by the Committee. The Committee may request any officer or employee of the Corporation or the Corporation's outside counsel or other advisors to attend a meeting of the Committee or to meet with any members of, or consultant to, the Committee.
Purpose of the Committee
The Committee's primary purpose is to:
Discharge the Corporation's responsibilities relating to the compensation of the Corporation's executive officers and Board members. The Committee has overall responsibility for evaluating and approving the benefit, bonus, and severance agreements, plans, policies and programs of the Corporation and its subsidiaries. Unless otherwise delegated to another committee of the Board, the Committee also has overall responsibility for evaluating and approving the incentive compensation, equity-based and other compensation agreements, plans, policies and programs of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, and review and discuss with the Company's management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (the "CD&A") to be included in the Company's annual meeting proxy statement and determine whether to recommend to the Board that the CD&A be included in the proxy statement, and provide a Committee report for inclusion in the Corporation's proxy statement in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
Responsibility and Authority of the Committee
Charter Review
Review and reassess the adequacy of this charter from time to time and recommend to the Board any proposed changes to this charter; and
Publicly disclose this charter and any such amendments at the times and in the manner required by the SEC, Nasdaq and/or any other regulatory body or stock exchange having authority over the Corporation, and in all events post this charter and such amendments on the Corporation's website.
Executive Compensation/Approval of Transactions; Director Compensation
Annually review and approve corporate goals and objectives relevant to CEO compensation, evaluate the CEO's performance in light of those goals and objectives, and recommend to the Board the CEO's compensation levels based on this evaluation. In determining the long-term incentive component of CEO compensation, the Committee will consider the Company's performance and shareholder return, the value of similar incentive awards to CEOs at comparable companies, and the awards given to the CEO in past years.
Annually review and approve, for the CEO and the senior executives of the Corporation, (a) the annual base salary level, (b) the annual incentive opportunity level, (c) the long-term incentive opportunity level, (d) employment agreements, severance agreements, and change in control agreements/provisions, in each case as, when and if appropriate, and (e) any special or supplemental benefits. "Senior executives" are those individuals who have been determined by the Board to be "officers" for purposes of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and "executive officers" pursuant to Rule 3b-7 of the Securities Exchange Commission. The CEO may not be present during voting or deliberation on his or her compensation.
Review CEO and management succession planning in the context of executive compensation.
Adopt, administer, approve and ratify the Corporation's incentive compensation and stock plans and awards thereunder, including amendments to the plans or awards made under any such plans, and review and monitor awards under such plans.
Review and propose to the independent members of the Board from time to time changes in director compensation.
Plan Compliance Oversight
Periodically review the Corporation's benefit, incentive compensation and stock plans, compensation agreements, plans, policies and arrangements, and shall adopt amendments or changes to the same, and shall establish procedures and mechanisms designed to cause the same to comply with all provisions under the securities, tax, banking, ERISA and other laws and regulations and the requirements of Nasdaq regarding:
reimbursement of the Corporation for, or forfeiture of, any profits, bonus or equity-based compensation by the Corporation's CEO and senior executives in connection with an accounting restatement;
related party or affiliate transactions with the Corporation; and
Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Form and delegate authority to subcommittees when appropriate.
May retain and terminate, in its sole discretion, any compensation consultant to be used to assist in the evaluation of CEO and senior executive compensation and shall have sole authority to approve the consultant's fees and other retention terms.
Report to the Board on the Committee's activities at Board meetings and otherwise when appropriate.
Annually review the performance of the Committee.
Otherwise retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other advisor. The Committee shall be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any compensation consultant, legal counsel or any other advisor retained and the Corporation shall appropriately fund such activity. The Committee may select, or receive advice from, a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other advisor only after taking into consideration the factors set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5605(d)(3)(D).
In performing their responsibilities, Committee members are entitled to rely in good faith on information, opinions, reports and statements prepared or presented by:
One or more officers or employees of the Corporation whom the Committee member reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matters presented;
Counsel, independent auditors, and other persons as to matters which the Committee member reasonably believes to be within the professional or expert competence of such person; and
Another committee of the Board as to matters within its designated authority which committee the Committee member reasonably believes to merit confidence.


text:
Cock Fight
Robin Philipson	(1916–1992)
Clackmannanshire Council Museum and Heritage Service
© the artist's estate. Photo credit: Clackmannanshire Council
The artist's work is very distinctive, characterised by his bold use of colour and heavy impasto, as well as sometimes quite harsh composition. In the early 1950s he began a series of paintings of cockfights; a theme he continued for several years. This painting is likely to date from that time.
on loan from Clackmannanshire Educational Trust
Mar Street Building, 15 Mar Street, Alloa, Clackmannanshire FK10 1HR Scotland
Not all locations are open to the public. Please contact the gallery or collection for more information
Robin Philipson
Landscape with Huntsmen National Galleries of Scotland, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art
Flight Glasgow Museums Resource Centre (GMRC)
Cock Fight Clackmannanshire Council Museum and Heritage Service
Killed Birds


text:
Q: don't have access to synthesize property in animationDidStop method I have property:
@property NSMutableArray *fieldsArray;
@synthesize fieldsArray;

and in method I try to get something from this array:
- (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag{
    NSInteger firstBallIndex = [self.fieldsArray indexOfObject:self.firstBall];
}

But then I get error :

NSRangeException', reason: '* -[__NSArrayM objectAtIndex:]: index
  2147483647 beyond bounds [0 .. 35]'

So array is not accesible.
How to do it visible?

A: The array is accessible, it's just that the index that you are trying to pass is beyond bounds, probably because the number is negative.
The index 2147483647 looks like a negative 1 re-interpreted as a positive number. Make sure that firstBallIndex is between 0 and 35 before making a call to the objectAtIndex: method.
Since you use the indexOfObject: method to look for objects in NSArray, make sure that your objects properly implement the isEqual: method. Otherwise, NSArray will not be able to find your custom objects, unless you pass the exact instance to it.

A: This has nothing to do with the array itself, but instead with the value of self.firstBall. My best guess is that it's nil, which would make firstBallIndex NSNotFound (2147483647). Obviously, 2147483647 is beyond the bounds of your array, which then raises this error.
Depending on your implementation, you could do something like this:
if (firstBallIndex != NSNotFound)
    // which means that self.firstBall wasn't in your array in the first palce.

or
if ([self.fieldsArray containsObject:self.firstBall])
    // which basically does the same, but in a more stylish way.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Viking Cruises Named 'Best River Cruise Line'
Currently celebrating their 20th anniversary, Viking Cruises has been voted the Best River Cruise Line by Condé Nast Traveler in the publication's 2017 Readers' Choice Awards. The line has scored in the top o the list every year since the river cruise category was introduced. Also, after only two years of ocean cruises, Viking was again named one of the Best Ocean Cruise Lines.
Over 300,000 readers submitted millions of ratings and more than 100,000 comments as part of the 30th annual readers' choice survey.
20 Years of Tradition
Acclaimed for their innovation, modern Scandinavian design, inclusive value, and destination-focused offerings, for the past 20 years Viking has amassed awards from industry experts and the travel trade. In the last year, Viking was named the #1 ocean cruise line in Travel + Leisure's 2017 World's Best Awards, and Town & Country named Viking's ocean cruises "best for Design" and "Best Overall, Contemporary Luxury" in the magazine's recent Cruise Awards. The company's ocean ships won the top two placements in almost every category they were eligible in Cruise Critic's 2017 Cruisers' Choice Awards, including "Best Overall" and "Best for First-Timer." The line and its ships have also been given a number of other honors.
As Viking rounds out their 20th anniversary year, they also close on 12 months of significant expansion. Earlier this year, the company welcomed two new Viking Longships on Europe's rivers, their third ocean ship Viking Sky this past spring, and their fourth ocean vessel Viking Sun this month. Their fifth ship will join the fleet in 2018, and a sixth sister ship will be delivered in 2019. The line also has orders for two more sister ocean ships to debut in 2021 and 2022.
From now through October 31, 2017, Viking is offering US residents 2 for 1 cruise fares on select 2017 and 2019 ocean and river cruise itineraries, with more savings on international air. Call Viking or contact your travel agent for more information.
Holy Ship Cruises on Norwegian Epic Planned for January
Florida Port Raises Cruise Parking Price


There's nothing like a gorgeously green Christmas tree heavy with shimmering ornaments and twinkling lights to get you in the holiday mood. It's the sight of the season, perfect for taking spirited selfies, and just the thing that hotels use to transform their lobbies from everyday to holiday. If you're traveling this month or happen to live near one of these merry properties, we recommend you book a room or stop by to check out their terrific tannenbaums.
At this Forbes Travel Guide Five-Star hotel in Vancouver, the tree is so fabulous that it's on display behind velvet ropes. The 12-foot wonder is adorned with 200 Swarovski crystal snowflake ornaments and 2,100 LED lights. It has such a beautiful frosty blue glow that Frozen fans will wonder if Elsa helped in the decorating.
The Christmas tree at this London icon was designed by Italian fashion favorites Dolce & Gabbana. The 26-foot tree is surrounded by animatronic rabbits, foxes, deer and squirrels, providing an enchanted woodland feel to the Art Deco lobby. The 300 hand-painted glass sphere ornaments have pictures of international flags on them, symbolizing how the holiday spirit exists around the world.
This Four-Star hotel is home to five distinct, but wildly creative trees. Upon arriving in the lobby, marvel at the two 8-foot stunners that hang upside down from the ceiling. These teal, silver and white beauties sparkle, creating a light show beneath them. There's also the world's largest croquembouche tree — we're talking eight feet of French profiteroles deliciously stacked. Another edible tree, this one made of 8,000 macarons, took the pastry team a marathon 58 hours to assemble. Finally, outside, is a 17-foot, environmentally friendly tree made entirely of recycled green plastic bottles that glow with LED lights.
At this historic Asheville landmark, the showpiece tree is a fresh Fraser fir grown specifically for the estate at a nearby family farm in Avery County. The 35-foot vision sits in the Banquet Hall and is crowned with a specially created topper that changes annually. This year, the Biltmore floral design team crafted a three-dimensional, three-foot glided globe star that's covered in glitter, tinsel and beading.
Another traditional tree can be found at this San Francisco hotel. This one stands more than 27 feet tall and is filled with red and gold glass, tinsel, feather ornaments and sparkling white lights. Though the Tea Under The Tree afternoon gathering ended on Dec. 23, Scala's Bistro will still serve its scrumptious breakfast and lunch on Christmas Eve.
At Sin City's Italian-inspired wonder, the tree is, naturally, over the top. The whopping 65-foot-tall marvel, which took a team of 12 three days to set up, weighs 12,000 pounds and is covered with 50,000 LED lights and 5,000 ornaments. The lights are programmable and feature an ever-changing display of rainbow colors.
There are few places more festive than this Richmond institution. This year, the Five-Star property ups the holiday ante even more with a tree that took hotel elves four days to decorate. The 28-foot eye-catcher is covered in thousands of white lights and hundreds of perfectly tied red bows. Underneath it stands an army of toy soldiers ready to fight off any imposing mice.


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Syracuse at Georgetown
kyled3	Uncategorized	 December 17, 2017 December 17, 2017 1 Minute
Syracuse Uses Late Comeback to Defeat Georgetown in Overtime
syracuse.com
Syracuse trailed by as many as 13 points in the second half, but rallied down the stretch to force overtime. The Orange came away with an 86-79 victory over their longtime Big East rival Georgetown.
Oshae Brissett ignited the comeback effort for the Orange as he scored 24 of his 25 points on the afternoon in the second half. The Orange tied the game at 69 to force overtime behind a steal and a layup in transition by Frank Howard. After Brissett won the overtime tip-off, Tyus Battle connected from behind the arc to put Syracuse up for good.
Syracuse held Georgetown to just 11% shooting from 3, while the Orange shot 44% from deep. Syracuse outrebounded Georgetown 44-37, including 19-9 on the offensive glass. After a slow start, the Orange offense came alive in the second half and overtime, scoring 62 points in the final 20 minutes. Syracuse's full-court press bothered the Hoyas and forced them into 16 turnovers.
The "Big Three" for the Orange came up huge as Battle, Brissett, and Howard combined to score 73 of Syracuse's 86 points. Battle led the way for the Orange with a career high 29 points, eight of which came in overtime. Brissett's 25 points were also a career-high. Additionally, Brissett corralled 14 rebounds to lead the Orange. Battle and Brissett played all 45 minutes in the win.
insidetheloudhouse.com
Howard scored 19 points, dished out 9 assists, and came up with 3 steals, but turned the ball over 7 times.
Matthew Moyer and Marek Dolezaj contributed 6 points and 11 rebounds and 5 points and 8 rebounds, respectively.
Jessie Govan led the Hoyas' attack with 21 points, 8 rebounds, 3 assists, and 3 blocks.
With the win, Jim Boeheim improved to 10-3 against Georgetown in games that go to overtime, and picked up his first win against first-year head coach Patrick Ewing.
Syracuse improved to 9-1 and handed the Hoyas (8-1) their first loss of the season.
The Orange will host the University at Buffalo on Tuesday, December 19. Tip-off is set for 7pm at the Carrier Dome.
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text:
Teucholabis fasciolaris är en tvåvingeart som först beskrevs av Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann 1828.  Teucholabis fasciolaris ingår i släktet Teucholabis och familjen småharkrankar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Småharkrankar
fasciolaris


text:
The favourite energy geoscience magazine
Conference Round-Ups
GEO Chemistry
GEO Cities
GEO Education
GEO History
GEO Lifestyle
GEO Media
GEO Physics
GEO Profile
GEO Science Explained
GEO Tourism
Giant Fields
Global Resource Management
Recent Advances in Technology
Reservoir Management
Seismic Foldouts
GEO History Worldwide
80 Years of Discovery
Jane Whaley
Having just celebrated its 80th anniversary, CGGVeritas is one of the longest established service companies in the oil industry, and now employs over 7,200 people in 70 countries.
This article appeared in Vol. 8, No. 5 - 2011
During the 1930s, 40s and 50s CGG had expanded to have survey teams in many countries, including Gabon, India, Algeria, Morocco and Canada. Source: CGGVeritas Early geophysical surveying in Tunisia in 1957. Source: CGGVeritas
"…the practical ability to conduct measurements covering vast expanses of terrain at a reasonable cost and to carry out uninterrupted exploration renders the geologist's conclusions much more reliable. Having obtained an overview, he can correctly extrapolate local observations made on outcrops…"
Conrad Schlumberger, 1930
Although humans have been using hydrocarbons as an energy source for centuries, the discovery of the majority of oil accumulations before the 20th century had been the result of digging or drilling near known oil and gas seeps.
So when German engineer Ludger Mintrop began experimenting with using the way sound travels through the earth to locate the position of heavy artillery pieces during World War I, he had little idea that his work would have important and more peaceable applications. But by 1924 his method of estimating the depth to geological formations by setting off an explosion and measuring the time taken for refracted sound waves to travel through rocks had already been used to discover an oilfield in Texas. At the same time, American engineer J. Clarence Karcher was working on a seismograph which could record surface-generated sound waves reflected from horizons deep within the earth, resulting in 1928 in the first oil discovery by seismic reflection.
Meanwhile, in France, Conrad Schlumberger had been experimenting with measuring the electrical resistivity of the earth since 1912, proving that electrical soundings could be used to build up a picture of the layering of strata within the earth. He undertook the first large scale petroleum survey using this method in 1923, and he and his brother Marcel founded the Société de Prospection Electrique (SPE) in 1926, specialising in using geophysical techniques to identify subsurface features. By 1927 they were experimenting with identifying changes in vertical electrical measurements through the earth – the precursors of wireline logging.
Worldwide Expansion
Source: CGGVeritas Source: CGGVeritas SPE fell into difficulties with the 1929 stock market crash, but out of it emerged Compagnie Générale de Géophysique (CGG), founded by Conrad Schlumberger in 1931. By 1932 the new company was using geophysical techniques to look for oil in West Africa, and within a decade CGG had survey teams in places as far apart as India, the Middle East, North America and Venezuela.
Sadly, Conrad died in 1936, but the techniques he had devised and the company he had nurtured continued to grow through the 30s. As with most companies in France, WWII proved taxing, and the staff was considerably reduced, but they managed to undertake surveys until 1944, when the German occupying forces confiscated their equipment.
Liberation brought encouragement from the new French Government, and the revamped company spread back around the world, especially into those areas which had a strong French influence, the Sahara in particular. Expansion continued in the 50s, with the number of crew/months increasing by 20% per year between 1950 and 1955 alone. In 1956, the Schlumberger group withdrew completely from the capital of CGG. That same year the Sercel subsidiary was created. Initially called Société de Fabrication de Matériel Géophysique, it was renamed Société d'Etudes, de Recherches et de Constructions Electroniques (Sercel) in 1962 when it began to offer its technology to other companies.
Rapidly Developing Technology
Source: CGGVeritas Source: CGGVeritas Rapidly developing geophysical techniques, including gravimetry, seismic refraction and tellurics, had been used to undertake reconnaissance surveys of many new areas in the 1930s and to identify and rank potential hydrocarbon traps. By the end of the 1940s these were enhanced by additional techniques like geochemistry, radiometry, electromagnetism and induced polarisation. By the end of the 50s airborne magnetometer surveys had become a routine reconnaissance survey method, hugely increasing the potential for developing new areas.
Seismic reflection, now a mainstay of hydrocarbon exploration, was only used sporadically by CGG until the 1950s, by which time its engineers had worked extensively on methodologies to process data by correcting the various effects of wave propagation in the subsurface. Progress had also been made with the development of non-explosive seismic sources, such as vibrator trucks – all resulting in large amounts of data in need of processing.
Geophysical measurements were recorded on photographic paper in the 1930s, but these were not reproducible until the introduction of magnetic tape records two decades later. By the early 1950s CGG had acquired an analogue computing centre for playing back field data, although there was little ability to process the data. At the same time, the introduction of the Common Depth Point (CDP) recording method significantly reduced noise (extraneous and multiple signals) by combining signals from many sensors. But the use of such intricate and involved processing inevitably required assistance and in 1954 CGG bought its first computer, moving the company rapidly into the computer age and the digital revolution.
In 1963 the concept of deconvolution – the filtering of data to eliminate distortion of the signal – was introduced, also requiring increased processing power. However, the processing of seismic data at CGG did not commence in earnest until late 1967 with the purchase of new EMR computers designed to substantially increase the subsurface image quality.
Many innovations of that time came from Sercel, which came up with technological developments, such as a 24-trace transistor amplifier, introduced in 1962, whose small size and low power requirement made a huge difference to field operations. The turning point came with the launch of the SN 328 in 1968. The company was constantly upgrading and improving its equipment, and in 1971, its latest product, SN 338, was at the cutting edge of data acquisition technology. Through such innovations Sercel, in the space of one technological generation, gave CGG and the industry a previously unattainable understanding and application of geophysics.
Moving Offshore
In 1960 the Schlumberger family, which in 1953 still owned 47% of CGG, finally sold its holdings, signalling the end of an era. Over the next decade the newly independent company went from strength to strength, establishing itself in new regions and getting a good foothold in US and Russian markets. At the same time, technology was moving ahead and by the end of the 60s digital recording meant that several thousand traces could be simultaneously recorded and then processed.
During the 1960s the industry gradually moved offshore. CGG's first dual vessel survey had been undertaken in 1958, with one boat as source, initially using an underwater dynamite charge but rapidly progressing to safer air or steam sources, and a second boat towing the streamer recording the seabed reflections. Single source marine exploration, with source and receivers on the same vessel, was introduced in 1964. The initial seismic vessels were converted stern trawlers, and the crew could spend up to nine months at sea – things have changed a lot since then!
CGG first experimented with 3D surveys in 1971, known then as Wide-Line Profiling, by towing three parallel streamers, but this did not come into general industry usage until the 1980s, with seismic vessels equipped with onboard processing centres undertaking 24-hour operations. Recording capacity increased, computer technology had to keep up with this, and in 1984 CGG installed the largest computer of the time, the Cray 1S, in its main processing centre at Massy outside Paris. This was able to deal with the recently developed concept of migration, which moves the seismic record to its true position.
The widespread use of 3D resulted in a race to systems which offered an integrated package of data acquisition, processing and interpretation.
By 1961 CGG had four MT4 centres processing magnetic tape. Source: CGGVeritas By the time CGG floated on the Paris Stock Exchange in 1981, it had a consolidated turnover of €450 million, owned more than 100 vibrator trucks and recording units, 170,000 geophones, 1,300 off-road vehicles, seven seismic vessels and several 'supercomputers'. It had operations throughout the world and had survived a number of major industry downturns and a host of geopolitical events. Competitiveness and productivity had been key to survival, with ever greater volumes of data being acquired with minimum expense and mobilisation cost.
Growth continued throughout the 80s and 90s, despite the inevitable challenges resulting from events like major industry downturns and the two Gulf Wars. The focus was on designing the best technology for ever-changing circumstances. 3D became more important, on land as well as at sea, and with the search for oil moving into ever more complex areas, high definition depth imaging technology was developed. In 1994 CGG carried out the first 4D seismic surveys, returning to a survey area to add the dimension of time to the 3D acquisition.
Much of CGG's success can be attributed to careful strategic partnerships with other companies, both for practical operational reasons and to ensure the company had the correct skill sets. As far back as 1966, for example, ARGAS, a limited liability partnership between Industrialization and Energy Services Company (TAQA) and CGG, was created which today provides geophysical services and R&D for petroleum, mining and ground water resources mainly in Saudi Arabia. During the same year, the growth of the airborne reconnaissance surveys had been led by Geoterrex, a combination of CGG and Canadian Terra Survey. Strategic alliances with Russian and Chinese companies in the 70s and 80s allowed CGG to make substantial inroads into those countries. Similarly, in the 90s, a joint venture with Total gave CGG expertise in integrated reservoir studies.
A Challenging Life!
A CGG survey team enjoy a village stopover in the Atlas mountains of Morocco in the 1930s. Source: CGGVeritas
Life for the early pioneers of seismic surveying was not easy – not that it necessarily is for their modern equivalent. Many of the early CGG surveyors, geophysicists and engineers traversed large areas of hot mountainous terrain in places like North Africa and Oman on foot, spending up to a year away from home in gruelling climates. A long ship journey brought the early pioneers from their base in France. They then travelled on foot or camel through the desert, or hiked along poorly marked trails through the equatorial forest, or travelled in small boats up insect-infested rivers to their base camp, which usually had to be cut out and flattened from the surrounding forest or desert.
And, of course, every survey required huge amounts of equipment and supplies. Cables, drills, geophones, recording equipment; all were carried in by the crew and their local porters, as well as tents and provisions – although the pioneers were known to supplement the monotonous diet of tinned and dried food with a little light hunting. And, as for all explorers, there were constant hazards emanating from the local flora and fauna, from desert scorpions to sleeping snakes, and the myriads of biting and disease-carrying bugs and insects.
The work was also physically demanding and laborious, as a young CGG engineer in Gabon in the 1930s described. "The lines were cleared with machetes through a forest of tangled vines. The holes, 4–6 m deep, were drilled using the percussion method. We carried out an average of four shots a day. We operated with seven geophones, each weighing two to three kilos, and I was using 10 cm wide films for recording. We camped in six or seven places during this period."
This young man, like many of his colleagues, was obviously a true adventurer. Having spent many months in the field, when his time in Gabon was over, he says simply that he "returned home alone via the Sahara."
CGG and Veritas Join Forces
The Oceanic Sirius, the latest vessel to join the CGGVeritas fleet, was christened in October this year. Veritas set up the first new generation Data Visualisation Centre in Houston in the 1990s. Source: CGGVeritas In 1965 six engineers and geophysicists sharing the then revolutionary vision of bringing digital computing technology to the geophysical industry, got together in Houston to form Digital Consultants Inc. – each contributing $334 as starting capital. Before long they were undertaking their first surveys, on and offshore, using state-of-the-art computers that allowed multi-trace, multi-task programming without tape output, and by 1969 they had reformed as Digicon and were on the US Stock Exchange. This new company remained at the forefront of technology, deploying the first digital marine seismic streamer in 1979 and initiating commercial depth migration the same year. In 1981 Digicon employee John Sherwood invented the key DMO (Dip Move Out) data processing technique.
Meanwhile, by 1978 Veritas Energy Services, established in Calgary four years earlier, was revolutionising processing speeds through the use of FPS (Floating Point Systems) processing units. In 1982 it processed the industry's first-ever 3D seismic survey, in Canada, and ten years later launched the 'SAGE' data processing system, probably the most advanced production processing system available at the time.
In 1996 Digicon and Veritas combined as Veritas DGC Inc., and the new company proceeded to set records by towing the industry's first 12 km streamer and setting up the first visualisation centres. Over the next few years it extended its capabilities further through acquisitions like Time Seismic Exchange, a land seismic data library based in Canada, and Guardian Data Systems, a data archiving and transcription company in Australia.
In 2005, the year of its 40th anniversary, Veritas also acquired the Hampson-Russell seismic interpretation software group. In 2006 CGG notched up 75 years in the business; the following year these two well established companies joined forces to create CGGVeritas, a leading global geophysical services and equipment company. Since then, the combined company has gone from strength to strength, financially, technologically and operationally.
All showing that innovation, research, sharing, teamwork and commitment can bring great rewards. Here's to the next 80 years!
Arthur Beeby-Thompson: Oil Pioneer
Paul C. Logan, Chase Geoscience
Born in Northampton in 1873 and known simply as 'Beeby-Thompson', his achievements were such that the foreword to his auto-biography was written by Herbert Hoover, 31st President of the USA
GEO History North America
Beyond Sight of Land
Quentin Morton
Oil exploration moved from the land to the sea only a few years after Titusville. Here we take a look at how offshore oil exploration in the Gulf of Mexico developed from 1869 to the early 1960s.
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Home » Seth Cumming
Seth Cumming
By Team Wttspod January 20, 2023 Updated: January 20, 2023 No Comments4 Mins Read
Seth Cumming has always been a well-known figure in the arts and entertainment industry. He's acted in various TV shows and movies, and was a writer for a number of them. However, he's best known for his work in The Office, which was his first big breakout role. Since then, he's been working on a number of other projects, and is now starring in the new comedy series, Seth Cumming's New Job.
Robert Rinder
Three Stone law firm
Robert Rinder and Seth Cummings have been together for more than ten years. They first met when they were working in the same field. In 2013, they married in Ibiza, Spain. The wedding ceremony was officiated by Benedict Cumberbatch.
Seth Cumming is a lawyer and a former judge. He is a barrister for the law firm Joseph Hage Aaronson LLP. This firm specializes in litigation and arbitration. Having access to the best lawyers in the industry, the firm can help you settle a dispute.
Before working for the law firm, Seth Cumming was a political advisor for former Conservative chancellor George Osborn. In addition, he attended the London School of Economics. While he was a student, he double majored in economics and philosophy.
In 2005, he joined the consulting firm Accenture as an analyst. He is also a writer.
During his undergraduate years, he studied at the Victoria University of Manchester. Afterwards, he moved to London to earn a law degree.
University College London is the third largest university in the United Kingdom. It is also the largest public institution of higher learning in the country. The school is often abbreviated as LSE.
Seth Cumming is an accomplished lawyer. He is a barrister working with a reputable law firm called Joseph Hage Aaronson LLP. He is also a former political advisor to former Conservative chancellor George Osborn.
A member of the prestigious Joseph Hage Aaronson LLP, Seth Cumming has been at the forefront of dispute resolution, litigation and settlements. His firm has a team of top lawyers, forensic accountants and data scientists. This helps the firm get the best possible results for clients in cases of litigation and dispute.
Seth Cumming has been working for the company since 2005. He began his career as an analyst for the company before he joined the firm's legal department. From there, he became a director for the firm.
As a lawyer, Seth Cumming has achieved success. He started his career as a youngster, gaining knowledge on the legal procedure of England. Later, he worked as a political advisor for former Conservative chancellor George Osborn. In addition, he was a senior partner of a suit organization in the UK. Afterward, he joined the international professional services firm Accenture.
Despite his achievements, Seth is very private. He has not revealed his personal details, such as his birth date and parents. Nonetheless, he has been married to Rinder for almost eleven years.
Before joining the law firm of Joseph Hage Aaronson LLP, Seth was a Barrister for Three Stone. This law firm provides specialized advice on matters pertaining to tax cases, banking and judicial review. The firm also undertakes litigation and arbitration.
Seth has been zealous in upholding the law. He has appeared regularly as a junior advocate in the High Court and in the Court of Appeal.
When Judge Rinder married Seth Cummings in Ibiza in 2013, the wedding was officiated by Benedict Cumberbatch. The British actor has a long friendship with Rinder. Previously, they attended Manchester University together.
Despite being best friends, the two had a quiet, professional relationship. Their wedding was kept to a minimum. However, one of the guests at the event, entrepreneur Ivan Massow, posted pictures of the ceremony on Facebook.
Cumberbatch and Rinder met while studying at Manchester University. After meeting, they became close friends. They became a couple, but kept their relationship private. Although, when Cumberbatch was cast in a role as Dr. Stephen Strange in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films, his relationship with Rinder grew stronger.
The two eventually got married in a civil ceremony in Ibiza. They were both friends of the same person, but didn't know each other well before they began dating. Before he was famous, he was a political adviser to former Chancellor George Osborne.


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Surface CHANGE TOPIC
Home » Surface science » News » Tiny material protrusions generate static electricity when rubbed together
Tiny material protrusions generate static electricity when rubbed together
This schematic illustrates how the bending of tiny protrusions as materials rub against each other causes charges at the surface to attract one another, producing static electricity. Image: Laurence Marks/Northwestern University.
Most people have experienced the hair-raising effect of rubbing a balloon on their head or the subtle spark caused by dragging socked feet across the carpet. Although these experiences are common, a detailed understanding of how they occur has eluded scientists for more than 2500 years.
Now, a team from Northwestern University has developed a new model that shows how rubbing two objects together produces static electricity, or triboelectricity, by bending tiny protrusions on the surface of the objects. This new understanding could have important implications for existing electrostatic applications, such as energy harvesting and printing, as well as for avoiding potential dangers, such as fires started by sparks from static electricity.
The team reports its findings in a paper in Physical Review Letters. Laurence Marks, professor of materials science and engineering in Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering, led the study, while Christopher Mizzi and Alex Lin, doctoral students in Marks's laboratory, were co-first authors of the paper.
Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus first reported friction-induced static electricity in 600 BC. After rubbing amber with fur, he noticed the fur attracted dust. "Since then, it has become clear that rubbing induces static charging in all insulators – not just fur," Marks said. "However, this is more or less where the scientific consensus ended."
At the nanoscale, all materials have rough surfaces with countless tiny protrusions. When two materials come into contact and rub against one another, these protrusions bend and deform.
Marks's team found that these deformations give rise to voltages that ultimately cause static charging. This phenomenon is called the 'flexoelectric effect', which occurs when the separation of charge in an insulator arises from deformations such as bending.
Using a simple model, the Northwestern team showed that voltages arising from the bending protrusions during rubbing are, indeed, large enough to cause static electricity. This work explains a number of experimental observations, such as why charges are produced even when two pieces of the same material are rubbed together, and predicts experimentally measured charges with remarkable accuracy.
"Our finding suggests that triboelectricity, flexoelectricity and friction are inextricably linked," Marks said. "This provides much insight into tailoring triboelectric performance for current applications and expanding functionality to new technologies."
"This is a great example of how fundamental research can explain everyday phenomena which hadn't been understood previously, and of how research in one area – in this case friction and wear – can lead to unexpected advances in another area," said Andrew Wells, a program director at the US National Science Foundation (NSF), which funded the research. "NSF funds research like this in materials science and engineering for new knowledge that can one day open new opportunities."
This story is adapted from material from Northwestern University, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier. Link to original source.
Doped halide perovskites offer cheap option for turning heat into electricity
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Self-assembly of nanoparticles
Pages 112-113 Available Online 2019-04-20
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Volume 25, Pages 112–113Yabin Zhang, Zhiguang Guo, Li Zhang


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