text:
Iwasaki Yatarō (; * 9. Januar 1835 in Aki in der Provinz Tosa; † 7. Februar 1885) war ein einflussreicher japanischer Unternehmer. Er gründete im Jahre 1873 das Firmenimperium Mitsubishi.

Leben und Wirken
Iwasaki Yatarō wurde als ältester Sohn eines Bauern in Aki in der Provinz Tosa geboren, da sein Großvater zur Tilgung von Schulden seinen Samurai-Status verkauft hatte. Da dieser Status Voraussetzung für eine Stellung in der Verwaltung der Domäne war, kaufte er, 20 Jahre alt, einem verarmten Samurai dessen Status ab, den eines Gōshi (郷士). Damit hatte er nun wenigstens den untersten Rang. Mit 19 Jahren folgte er einem Angehörigen des Tosa-Klans nach Edo zu weiteren Studien. Nur ein Jahr später musste er aber wegen einer schweren Verletzung seines Vaters zurückkehren. Ein Streit mit lokalen Autoritäten brachte ihn in der Folge für sieben Monate ins Gefängnis. Später studierte er bei dem bekannten Reformer Yoshida Tōyō. Durch die Verbindungen Yoshidas bekam Iwasaki eine Stelle beim Tosa-Klan und war in der Lage, seiner Familie den Samurai-Status zurückzukaufen. Nachdem Yoshida bei einem Anschlag getötet worden war, stieg Iwasaki durch Vermittlung eines Neffen Yoshidas in nur drei Monaten zum Leiter der Tosa-Niederlassung auf und leitete ein Büro für Im- und Export.

Er wurde danach Angestellter der "Kaiseikan" (開誠館) genannten Einrichtung des Tosa-Klans und wurde 1867 beauftragt, das Nagasaki-Büro zu leiten, wo der Klan hohe Schulden in Folge eines großangelegten Waffenkaufs angehäuft hatte. Iwasaki gelang es, die Schulden mit Hilfe von 300.000 Ryō zu tilgen, die er von einem amerikanischen Unternehmer erhalten hatte und der dafür die alleinigen Rechte erhielt, die wertvollen Kampfer-Produkte des Klans zu vermarkten. Er erreichte dies mit einer Verhandlungstechnik, die aus Überreden, Schmeicheln, Hinweisen auf nichtexistierende Rivalen und mit ausgiebigen "Wining and Dining" bestand. Eine Taktik, die er sein ganzes Leben verfolgen sollte. Der Tosa-Klan würdigte diese Fähigkeit und machte ihn zum Finanzagent der Domäne.

Als die Domänen 1877 aufgelöst wurden, zog sich der Klan aus allen kommerziellen Aktivitäten zurück, und Iwasaki wurde ausgewählt, diese zu übernehmen. Es heißt, der Klan habe ihm 11 Schiffe, 230.000 Ryō in bar und alle Vermögenswerte und Vorrechte, die mit den Geschäften mit Kampfer, Tee, Seide, Holz und Kohlegruben verbunden waren, überlassen. Iwasaki ergänzte seinen Besitz durch Aufkauf von Schiffen anderer Domänen und anderer Besitzer. Die Profite waren jedoch gering, verglichen mit dem, was er daran verdiente, dass er durch geschicktes Verhandeln beim Aufkauf von Domänen-Schuldscheinen und den Schuldscheinen der neuen Regierung, den Dajōkan-satsu (太政官札) verdiente.

1873 gründete Iwasaki das Handelsunternehmen "Tsukumo Shōkai" (九十九商会), das er dann in "Mitsubishi Shōkai" (三菱商会) umbenannte. Er betrieb vor allem Schifffahrt und setzte sich gegen die meiste Konkurrenz durch, in dem er Preise unterbot, aber auch besser aufeinander abgestimmte Routen konzipierte. Die Strafexpedition nach Taiwan 1874 erwies sich als Glücksfall, da er die Truppentransporte samt Versorgung mit seinen Schiffen durchführen konnte und dafür reich entlohnt wurde.

Bald danach bedienten Iwasakis Schiffe die Shanghai-Route, und 1875 kaufte er die konkurrierende "American Pacific Steamship Company" und brachte 1876 die "British Peninsular and Oriental Navigation Company" (P&O) zur Aufgabe auf der Shanghai-Yokohama-Route. Die Satsuma-Rebellion 1877 machte Iwasaki mit seinen Schiffstransporten für die japanische Regierung noch viel reicher als die Taiwan-Expedition. So gehörten ihm in dieser Zeit etwa 89 % aller Schiffe in Japan. Und trotz wachsender Herausforderung durch Mitsui ab 1882 konnte er durch Diversifizierung in andere Geschäftsbereiche, Erzförderung, Bankgeschäfte, Versicherungen und anderes seine Stellung halten. Dieses Firmenkonglomerat, für das das Wort "Zaibatsu" (財閥) geprägt wurde, war einer der Grundsteine für die schnelle industrielle Entwicklung Japans.

Iwasaki verstarb 1885 im Alter von nur 50 Jahren an den Folgen einer Krebserkrankung.

Anmerkungen

Literatur
 S. Noma (Hrsg.): Iwasaki Yatarō. In: Japan. An Illustrated Encyclopedia. Kodansha, 1993, ISBN 4-06-205938-X, S. 642.

Unternehmer (19. Jahrhundert)
Mitsubishi
Japaner
Geboren 1835
Gestorben 1885
Mann


text:
Гараманты () — древний народ Сахары. Впервые упоминаются Геродотом (около 500 г. до н. э.) как «очень великий народ» (судя по археологическим данным, их государство возникло намного ранее, в конце II тыс. до н. э.). Геродот также упоминает, что они на колесницах охотились на «пещерных эфиопов». Земли гарамантов включали в себя весь Феццан, юг Триполитании и западную часть Мармарики. Страна гарамантов известна также как Гарамантида.

Происхождение
Происхождение гарамантов точно неизвестно. Предполагается, что они были одним из тех «народов моря», которые вторгались в Северную Африку в XV—XII веках до н. э. В VIII веке до н. э. Страна гарамантов уже включала в себя весь нынешний Феццан, южные районы Триполитании и значительную часть Мармарики. Цивилизация гарамантов была весьма высокоразвита технологически. Геродот в своей «Истории» утверждает, что вода в ливийский Сирт, то есть как раз место проживания гарамантов, была проведена из Меридова озера, которое было «произведением рук человеческих и вырыто искусственно, это ясно видно. Вода же в озере не ключевая (местность эта совершенно безводна), а проведена по каналу из Нила, и шесть месяцев она течёт в озеро, шесть месяцев — обратно в Нил».

История
Гараму, гарамантов и их страну описывают некоторые античные авторы. Среди них важны указания Геродота Галикарнасского (около 484—425 до н. э.) («История». Кн. IV, 183), Страбона Амасейского (63 до н. э. — ок. 24 н. э.) («География». Кн. II, 5, 33; Кн. XVII, 3, 19; 23), Помпония Мелы (15 — 60 год) («Хорография»), Гая Плиния Старшего (24 — 79 год) («Естественная история»), Клавдия Птолемея (около 100—170 год) («Руководство по географии») и ряд других.

В 20 году до н. э. римская армия под предводительством проконсула Африки Луция Корнелия Бальба Младшего провела успешные военные действия против гарамантов. Полководец выступил из Сабраты и, опустошив по дороге Гадамес, нанес гарамантам неожиданный удар. Римские источники сообщают, что он смог взять Гараму, главный город гарамантов, а также покорить ряд близлежащих городов и племён. Тем не менее, римлянам не удалось полностью закрепить за собой эти территории. Но всё же успех Бальба был признан весьма значительным, и 27 марта 19 года до н. э. в его честь было устроено в Риме триумфальное шествие. Это был последний триумф, которого удостоилось частное лицо, и к тому же совершённый в честь единственного из урождённых иностранцев. Личная часть добычи Бальба была так значительна, что он на свои средства смог построить в 13 году до н. э. в Риме театр и крипту (Тацит. Анналы. III, 72).

Вообще римское господство или область влияния в землях гарамантов постоянно были неустойчивыми. Это проявилось через некоторое время, когда гараманты открыто помогли бывшему римскому наемнику нумидийцу Такфаринату в организации и поддержке широкого антиримского движения в Африке. Такфаринат возглавил восстание мусуламиев и ряда других племён против Рима в 17 году. Причём, гараманты приняли в нём и самое активное военное участие. Это восстание на территории к югу от горного массива Аурес, и к северо-западу от собственно земель гарамантов, продолжалось вплоть до 24 года, когда погиб Такфаринат, а гараманты направили посольство в Рим.

В 69 году гараманты вмешались в межполисную войну между входившими в состав Римской империи прибрежными пунийскими городами Лептисом Магна и Эей на стороне последнего. Оказавшись в сложном положении, жители Лептиса вынуждены были обратиться за помощью к римским властям. Для наведения порядка в Африке император Веспасиан прислал в Нумидию в 70 году III Августов легион. Части легиона во главе с его легатом Гаем Валерием Фестом не только разбили гарамантов у стен Лептиса и захватили Эю, но и углубились на территорию гарамантов, дойдя вплоть до холмов в современной местности аш-Шувейреф. Тем не менее, римские войска не смогли продвинуться южнее, так как гараманты перекрыли их пути снабжения и засыпали за собой колодцы. Тогда Римская империя построила цепь крепостей от Гирзы до Джаду и Гарьяна, дабы защитить свои владения на побережье. Вероятно, после этого и при правлении императора Тита отношения между Римом и гарамантами оставались враждебными вплоть до правления императора Домициана.

Уже около 85 года римский отряд под началом Септимия Флакка через земли гарамантов совершил поход на юг — к «эфиопам» — и достиг «эфиопской земли Агисимбы». Местоположение этой земли не выяснено, но считается, что эта римская экспедиция в Тропическую Африку привела к самому дальнему проникновению европейцев в глубь Африки за весь античный период.

В 89 году правитель Гармантиды (ему подчинилась и часть насамонов) царь Мрсис посетил Рим во главе посольства ливийцев. Не застав в городе римского императора Домициана, он отправился в южную Галлию, где встретился с ним и подписал соглашение. По его условиям римляне разместили в Гараме гарнизон, а гараманты начали помогать римлянам охранять торговые пути через пустыню.

В 203 году императору Септимию Северу вновь удалось завоевать Гараму, но после его смерти гараманты снова стали независимы от Рима, хотя и остались связаны с империей торговыми соглашениями. Также военное присутствие и фортификационная активность римлян к югу от своего пограничного вала (Триполитанского лимеса) продолжались (особенно в Гадамесе) и при правлении императоров Каракаллы, Александра Севера и Гордиана III.

В целом гараманты в течение целой эпохи были одним из клиентских народов Рима. Однако в гарамантском обществе существовала и влиятельная партия, выступавшая за независимость от империи, что приводило к военным конфликтам.

Вторжение вандалов и их союзников в 439 году и события, связанные с падением Западной Римской империи в 476—493 годах подорвали экономику и нарушили торговые отношения в Северной Африке. Это способствовало и резкому сокращению связей гарамантов со Средиземноморьем и, как следствие, упадку торговли.

После разгрома государства вандалов ромеями в 534 году наступает период продвижения Восточной Римской империи в Северную Африку. В это время позиции Константинополя усилились и в её внутренних районах. Снова попадает в имперскую область влияния и страна гарамантов, но она оказалась уже значительно ослаблена, а её территория сократилась до местности между современными Вади-Аджаль и Вади-Мурзук.

В своей «Хронике» Иоанн Бикларийский ещё объявляет об обращении гарамантов в христианство в 569 году: «Гараманты, желая приобщиться к вере Христовой и заключить мир с Римским государством, просят об этом через послов и быстро добиваются и того, и другого». Однако к VII веку Гармантида уже окончательно пришла в упадок, во многом из-за изменений климата и сопутствующего разрушения ирригационных сооружений.

В 669 году столица Гарама была захвачена без боя арабским войском под предводительством Укбы ибн Нафи, а последний царь гарамантов взят в плен и отправлен в кандалах в Египет. Однако, несмотря на сдачу столицы, другие крепости гарамантов продолжали сопротивление, и арабам пришлось захватывать их по отдельности.

Примечания

Литература
 Гарамантида (Африканская Атлантида): Сб. / Сост. М. Ю. Рощин. Пер. с араб. и англ. А. Коровикова и М. Ю. Рощина. Под ред. Ю. М. Кобищанова, А. Ю. Милитарева. — М.: Издательская фирма «Восточная литература» РАН, 1994. — 288 с. — (По следам исчезнувших культур Востока). — ISBN 5-02-017643-5.

 Гараманты // Буданова В. П. Варварский мир эпохи Великого переселения народов. — М. Наука, 2000. — С. 189 [справка и список источников].
 Гаудио Аттилио. Цивилизации Сахары. Десять тысячелетий истории, культуры и торговли / Пер. с франц. Г. А. Матвеевой. — 2-е издание. — М.: Наука, Главная редакция восточной литературы, 1985. — 224 с. — (По следам исчезнувших культур Востока).
 Дридзо А. Д. Гараманты: (К вопросу о реконструкции истории и культуры // Страны и народы Востока. — Вып. VIII: География, этнография, история. — М., 1969. — С. 259—277.
 История Африки в древних и средневековых источниках: Хрестоматия / Под ред. О. К. Дрейера. — 2-е изд. — М.: Наука, Глав. ред. вост. лит., 1990. — Гарама: С. 37, 118, 131, 132, 146, 149; гараманты: С. 30—32, 71, 90, 93, 116, 118—120, 132, 139, 141—144, 146, 448 (указ.)
 Кобищанов Ю. М. На заре цивилизации: Африка в древнейш. мире. — М.: Мысль, 1981. — 224 с.
 Куббель Л. Е. Страна золота — века, культуры, государства. — 2-е изд. — М.: Наука, Главная редакция вост. лит-ры, 1990. — 240 с. — (По следам исчезнувших культур Востока). — ISBN 5-02-016730-4.
 Подцероб А. Б. Сахара: В песках времен. — М.: МГИМО-ун-т, 2014. — 376 с.
 Поплинский Ю. К. Античные источники по истории и этнографии Африки: Монограф. исслед. грекоязыч. источников. — СПб.: Наука, 2009. — 416 с. — С. 275 и др.
 Поплинский Ю. К. Из истории этнокультурных контактов Африки и Эгейского мира: Гарамантск. проблема. — М.: Наука, 1978. — 204 с. — С. 89—131, 140—156 и др.
 Хенниг Р. Неведомые земли. — М.: Иностр. лит., 1961. —Т. I. — Корнелий Бальб в Феццане (20 г. до н. э.): С. 317; Юлий Матерн в области озера Чад (вскоре после 100 г.)

История Ливии
Исчезнувшие народы Африки
Берберы
Народы моря

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text:
Q: tukeys HSD tets for two way ANOVA in R I have been analyzing my data in R using two way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test. I am looking for effect of temperature and sex on development time. I was able to do two way ANOVA but having problem with post hoc test.
I used following code:
a <- aov(larval.time~temp*sex, mydata=R.data) #for two way anova
TukeyHSD(a) #for post hoc test

I got following error message for post hoc code:
Error in rep.int(n, length(means)) : unimplemented type 'NULL' in 'rep3'

In addition:
    Warning messages:
 1: In replications(paste("~", xx), data = mf) : non-factors ignored: Temp
 2: In replications(paste("~", xx), data = mf) : non-factors  ignored: Temp, sex

Can somebody please help me with this?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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03 Aug Motel misery: Hundreds fled Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico only to end up functionally homeless in Florida
Kissimmee, Florida (CNN)With no running water, no power and no school for her kids, Carmen "Millie" Santiago fled Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria hit the Caribbean last fall. Like thousands of evacuees, she landed here in central Florida. And, like hundreds, she's still stuck in...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Yeah, it's probably wishful thinking since they couldn't even be bothered to get their engines replaced for so long, but if they could have diverted funds intended for AMRAAM integration to developing and integrating the LTS pod on their own initiative (which gave them a decade of smart-weapon capability and prolonged the service life or a relatively small fleet) when the funding was scarcer, it's hard not to wonder if they could have done more during the more opulent times of the Reagan administration, as it was becoming more and more clear that multi-role platforms are the future. At the very least, they could have pushed for making the F-14D program multi-role rather than just beefing up its A2A role which made it an obvious choice for axing when the Cold War was ending and the budgets were getting cut down. But, I guess the Navy chiefs were still living in dreamland of having their A-12 and NATF programs coming up back then. Sorry for the OT, I will bow out.
Nobody's trying to prove you wrong as it was clearly said that they are aware that these were not carried operationally (again, they have ex-pilots and RIO's working with the team on testing the systems functionality and fine tuning the flight model). I mistakenly mentioned NATOPS instead of NAVAIR as obviously those weapons won't be in any operational manuals as they were never introduced into operation. The photo posted was an example indicating that an F-14A could in fact carry and fire those rocket launchers with no major modifications even if they had no later need to introduce them in the operational service (or if perhaps the tests showed potential issues operating them). Again, they are making a module for a flight simulation *game*, not a documentary reference of what was operationally carried. But, since that manual is for the *game*, they can expand the ordnance options slightly for various what-if scenarios and fun purposes (but they are limiting themselves to those that *could* have technically been used by the mid-90's F-14B as they will add the LTS pod, but no PTID as they have no -1A documents describing it in full as they're classified). Besides, if the Navy Tomcat community was a bit more open-minded towards the A2G role, they could have focused on using the built-in Tomcat A2G functionality much earlier and change the image of the Tomcat being a one-trick-pony and thus make it harder for the F-14D program to get easily killed off by Cheney and replaced by Super Hornets. In which case, more of those weapons envisaged by that old NAVAIR publication might have been tested and cleared for use during the 80s.
Hmm, their webpage says they have moved the company to Arizona, US, but maybe they still produce the stuff in Russia then? But, it's good to know that there's still an option to get it from Russia as the shipment to EU would be much cheaper. Did you fit them on the HB kit perhaps? I'm kind of thinking that it would be better to get the Academy F-111F as a base (or the Italeri rebox) and sell off the HB kit.
Yeah, those would be great, thanks, but are in the US and shipping from US got prohibitively expensive (plus, I got the whole kit for $35). So, I was hoping at some non-full length intake set which are OOP so I wouldn't have to mod the wrongly shaped main wheelbay to fit them. E.g. OzMods used to make some, but they don't have them anymore for some reason (I did get their canopies). It's like there was a bunch of stuff made for the Academy, but nothing for the HB apart from some cockpit PE and such.
I think they were relying on the original NATOPS, like e.g.: They have a few former pilots and RIO's supporting them so they are aware that the Bombcats didn't actually use most of these or that the numbers carried of some types were reduced operationally due to separation issues or what not, but it's a flight simulation game, not a documentary, so extra weapon options are provided as a bonus (as long as they're in the manual). This particular manual for the upcoming Tomcat module just got posted a day or two ago so there are errors in it naturally, but they're welcoming any feedback and are working on it. Sorry for the OT, but in the absence of news from AMK..
I forgot that the TP II outer frames with inlets are provided in all of the kits; my bad for relying on instructions only (and not checking the sprues) as HB made so many mistakes on the kit, it's an honest mistake to assume they forgot about something else, as well. That still leaves the shock cone too short being that the part is from TP I and all the aftermarket intake correction parts are for some reason long OOP and hard to find (or I'm searching at wrong places). They pop on ebay now and then, but end up going for as much as the whole kit can be found for (and these were not the full seamless ones even). I personally got an HB F-111A for cheap, but wanted to make an E or F out of it. Got the Verlinden F-111F set and the vac-formed canopy, but the cockpit part in the Verlinden set is actually an F-111E. Since HB never made an F, there are no detail sets for it and since it had different exhausts due to stronger engines, it's getting too expensive to make an F out of this.
I'm waiting for his MiG-27M nose correction set, but that one seems to be in some limbo state.
It was a long time ago, but at least 25-30 Euros, perhaps even somewhat more. I saw the undersized trunk, but from what I've read, they were going for that optical effect as perhaps they couldn't fit the full trunks. Certainly seems far better than IIRC no trunks in the much more expensive KH kit (not to mention the fictional intake covers instead of ramps and that's not even the biggest problem with the kit, like e.g. the nose shape or the wrong exhausts).
I remember bidding for a C2D set once (they didn't show up that often), but it ended up going for much more than I was willing to pay. Glad I didn't get it as I could have then sold my KH 25 as soon as the ICM RBT kit was announced. It was logical to expect they'll release a PD as well, sooner or later. Plus, I got the RBT as well (regarding which I guess I should have waited for the Revell rebox which somewhat corrected the nose).
There's an incline behind the forward wheel well. On the initial lower fuselage, it was just behind the well (kind of inline with the beginning of the main wheel wells), on the corrected ones it was moved further back (close to be inline with the middle of the main wells). The kit is not that well engineered, though. Those locating pins on the fuselage should help stretch it correctly, but when I mated the top and bottom fuselage halves, there's a step between them on the LERX extension. It might be possible to fix it by pressing hard on the top fuselage around the cockpit to compress it until the glue settles (or perhaps use super glue there), but the problem is that there's plenty of spots around the fuselage which need pressuring to fit well. And of course, I forgot to insert the horizontal stabilizers, so by the time I managed to stick those in and apply all the holding clips, the glue on the LERX part was already settled of course. And even so, there are some lines around the tail with noticeable gaps plus the wide gap between the tip of the wings of the bottom fuselage half and the wingtips on the bottom side. Again, kind of a bummer given the asking price, I hope they improved that on newer kits.
I see that, I just mean if you look at your photo I quoted, the width of the space between the engines and especially the width of the airbrake compared to the width of the engines.. the ratio looks a bit off if I roughly compare it to GWH for instance. Meaning, I get the impressions that the engine bays should be a bit wider and the space between them and the airbrake a bit more narrow. It's just an impression, though, as my GWH is not in that stage yet so I could take a photo and then do some measuring and comparisons.
Thanks for the photos. I do still get the impression that the space between the engines is a bit too wide (especially the airbrake) making the engines and exhausts a bit more narrow than they should be. When I complete my GWH kit, I will compare it with this photo.
Thanks for the reply. Do you perhaps have some shot of the Trumpy MiG from the back showing the exhausts? There's not that many builds of the Trumpy kit out there.


An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-18.
CK was primarily responsible for drafting manuscript and incorporated revisions suggested by co-authors. All co-authors (TH, JS, BC, CW, RK, DK, TZ, HL, JL, JI, JA) were equally responsible for writing, revising, and providing feedback for submission. All authors reviewed content for scientific merit and provided general recommendations in relation to the direction of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.


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Building M+: The Museum and Architecture Collection
ArtisTree	, 10.01.2014 to 09.02.2014
Teachers' Event
Model of Peak Tower, The Upper Terminal of the Peak Tramway (1967-1972) W. N. Chung Chartered Architect (Chung Wah Nan Architects Ltd)
M+ Building - View From Park
Iwan Baan - Guangzhou Opera House #1
'Building M+: The Museum and Architecture Collection' is M+'s first architecture exhibition, a landmark presentation showcasing the design for the future M+ building by renowned Swiss architectural practice Herzog & de Meuron with Hong Kong-based TFP Farrells and Ove Arup & Partners HK. It will reveal the ongoing development of the 60,000 square-metre museum building as it progresses towards its scheduled completion in late 2017.
The exhibition will also present the inaugural showcase of the museum's growing architecture collection—the first of its kind in Asia, presenting over 100 works and materials, many previously unseen, by more than 35 architects, firms and artists from Hong Kong, China, Asia and beyond, dating from the 1920s until now. Together, they provide a snapshot of the museum's groundbreaking approach to collecting, understanding, and thinking about architecture.
Throughout, the exhibition will explore not only the intertwined histories of architecture in and from Hong Kong, the region and the world, but more so, the increasingly diverse ways of representing, seeing and interpreting architecture. Learn more about the exhibition here.
In conjunction with the exhibition, M+ also hosts a series of free programmes to enhance public's understanding to this important event. Members of the public are welcome to register for public talks, guided tours as well as workshops. All programmes are free and available on a first-come, first-served basis.
"Building M+: The Museum and Architecture Collection" exhibition is part of the Mobile M+ series.
10 January – 9 February 2014
Open daily 10am – 8pm
(*open till 5 pm on 30 January, closed 31 January)
ArtisTree, 1/F, Cornwall House, TaiKoo Place, Island East, Hong Kong
2200 0204 / m+@wkcda.hk


One of the many things I love about New Zealand is easy access to (mostly) extinct volcanoes. They are always a challenge to walk up and reward with stunning views. There's not many places you can take your regular run up a volcano, where they are a prominent feature in your harbour, or that you can take a boat or helicopter to land on one.
Mt Taranaki is New Zealand's most iconic volcano, a 2,518m high monster (second only to Mount Ruapehu at 2,797m) which simply dominates the landscape. Watching the sunset on it from close to Pouakai Hut I felt in the presence of a massive object, which was endlessly fascinating to watch (and walk around and up).
Banks Peninsula is the remains of a far older (and definitely extinct) volcano, now a beautiful escape from Christchurch to visit the formerly French town of Akaroa, and drive the self explanatory Summit Road.
Tongariro National Park is home to three quite different, but all quite special, volcanoes. Ruapehu is the largest, and is the centre piece of the brilliant Round The Mountain Track, while Ngauruhoe and Tongariro are familiar to many from the super popular Tongariro Alpine Crossing.
I've written about Auckland volcanoes elsewhere, but here are three of my favourites.
Mt Victoria is home in my opinion to the most spectacular volcano views of the city, though there is plenty of competition. Here's the view out toward Rangitoto, the newest and largest, which provides an iconic image for the city.
And as a bonus here's what they look like underneath the ground, a lava cave literally in someone's back garden in Three Kings. The roots of the plants above are particularly spooky.


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Home Donald McEachin Video: On MTP, Rep. Donald McEachin (D-VA04) Says Wearing "Blackface" in 1984...
Donald McEachin
Video: On MTP, Rep. Donald McEachin (D-VA04) Says Wearing "Blackface" in 1984 Was "Not Common," and "Ralph Should Have Known Better"
Also suggests that Northam must have used "blackface" other times as well
Rep. Donald McEachin (D-VA04) this morning on Meet the Press had the following to say:
Asked by Chuck Todd whether there's anything Ralph Northam can do that could "somehow convince you to give him more time in office," Rep. McEachin answered point blank "no." Rep. McEachin continued, "He's lost the authority to lead, he's lost the authority to govern, he has to resign; it's in the best interest of the Commonwealth…of the party."
Rep. McEachin said Northam was "apologetic" when they spoke on Friday, "so I was really surprised when the next day he comes out and says it's not him; that was quite a surprise to me."
On Northam's claiming that putting shoe polish on one's face (aka, "blackface") in 1984 was commonplace, Rep. McEachin said he couldn't accept Northam's explanation, that "to the best of my knowledge [wearing blackface] was not commonplace in 1984…and Ralph should have known better."
On whether Northam's public record being on the "right side of these issues" should count in determining his future, Rep. McEachin said: "We're certainly grateful for the contributions he's made for the benefit of Virginia, but the question now is 'can you lead, can you help us heal?' And given the actions he's demonstrated over the past 48 hours, the answer's clearly no. It can't be you in the photograph one day, and then it's not the next day. You can't excuse it all and say I know I didn't do blackface in this yearbook because I did it in a Michael Jackson dance contest. And by the way…his notion that you can't get polish off your face easily suggests to me that that was not the first time that he had tried blackface."
Asked whether it would be "poetic justice" if the descendant of slaves becomes governor after this incident, Rep. McEachin "it is a wonderful story that Justin has and he has been a fantastic Lt. Governor…public servant…and should he ascend to the governorship he will be a fantastic governor…I want America to remember that this is the 400th anniversary of Africans coming to the the shores of Jamestown in chains.. So the look of that commemoration service combined with a governor that's been talking about blackface and misleading us about blackface is not the look Virginia wants to the nation."
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Next articleVideo: On CNN's SOTU, Terry McAuliffe Predicts Ralph Northam Will "Do the Right Thing" and Resign "Very Soon," That "It Will Not Come to" Impeachment
Governor Northam Signs Executive Order Establishing Virginia STEM Education Commission
Ineffective Rob Wittman Lacks the Moral Courage and Integrity to be Our Congressman
Wednesday News: "Earth just had its hottest June on record, on track for warmest July"; Racism Is "Trump's Trademark"; "Kellyanne Conway Asks 'What's Your...


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Cleveland Browns News
Cleveland Browns running back Kareem Hunt. Gary A. Vasquez-USA TODAY Sports
Browns activate RB Kareem Hunt, RT Jack Conklin
Originally posted on Pro Football Rumors | By Ben Levine | Last updated 11/27/21
As expected, the Browns will be getting some reinforcements Sunday night against the Ravens. The team has officially activated running back Kareem Hunt and and right tackle Jack Conklin from injured reserve. Both players are listed as questionable but are expected to play.
Hunt has been on Cleveland's IR list since suffering a calf injury in Week 6. Despite the running back missing extensive time and Nick Chubb being sidelined for multiple games as well, Cleveland's vaunted rushing attack still leads the NFL. Hunt, however, was averaging 5.2 yards per carry through six games. The ex-rushing champion has topped out at 4.9 over a full season.
Hunt has experienced knee and wrist issues as well this season, and he is unlikely to be 100% again until the 2022 campaign. But him returning at slightly less than 100% would certainly help a Browns team that has struggled through the air. The running back duo obviously affects the Browns' offensive output. In five games with Chubb and Hunt active, the Browns are averaging 28.4 points and 417.6 yards per game. In the six in which either has missed, they have scored just 16.5 points per contest while averaging barely 315 yards, via ESPN.com's Jeremy Fowler.
Conklin went down with a dislocated elbow in Week 8, adding a three-game absence on top of a two-game hiatus earlier this season. The Browns gave the ex-Titans right tackle a three-year, $42M deal in 2020. His five missed games this season mark his first extended absence since 2018, when he missed nine games. The former first-round pick remains one of the NFL's best right tackles. Pro Football Focus grades Conklin 14th among all tackles in his abbreviated 2021 slate.
This article first appeared on Pro Football Rumors and was syndicated with permission.
Browns QB Baker Mayfield plans to start Sunday vs. Ravens
NFL players who returned from devastating injuries
The 'Cleveland Browns starting QBs since 1999' quiz


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Anti-Muslim cartoons published in Australia
Over the past 10 days, three Australian media outlets have published one or more of the 12 defamatory cartoons depicting the Prophet Mohammad as a terrorist and killer, despite warnings from local Muslim groups that it would insult believers and inflame an already tense atmosphere.
On February 4, one of Rupert Murdoch's newspapers, the Brisbane Courier-Mail, the only daily in the Queensland state capital, became the first in Australia to publish one of the cartoons. The Courier-Mail editor, David Fagan refused to state his reasons.
The following day, Tim Blair, a right-wing columnist for the Bulletin magazine, posted all 12 cartoons on his web blog site, accompanied by an incendiary commentary. Blair called for defiance of alleged "orders" from Islamic clerics not to publish the drawings and depicted Muslims as intolerant, anti-Christian, anti-Semitic, anti-homosexual, anti-democratic and aggressive proponents of "hate speech".
On February 8, the Rockhampton Morning Bulletin, a regional Queensland newspaper owned by the New Zealand-based APN News & Media group, also printed one of the cartoons. After admitting that Muslim leaders had warned that the image was hurtful, editor Steve Etwell asserted that there was "community interest" in viewing the material that "could create this anger and angst". In the same breath, he said his newspaper had a role to "inform, educate, entertain".
The "community interest" to which Etwell was appealing is nothing but anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant sentiment. His latter comment was an obvious attempt to justify his openly provocative position. There is no need to republish such bigoted filth in order for readers to understand the issues raised by it, any more than it is necessary to print degrading pornography in order to recognise its function.
His remarks shed light on the wider purpose of publishing the cartoons in Australia. They serve to feed a continuing campaign, fomented by the Howard government and sections of the media establishment over the past five years, to stereotype Muslims and people of Middle Eastern descent as fanatics, violent criminals and potential terrorists. The purpose has been to try to stampede public opinion behind the "war on terror" and the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as to make Muslims and other immigrants scapegoats for deteriorating employment and social conditions.
From Etwell's comments, it seems that the two Queensland newspapers have printed the images—unlike Murdoch's other dailies or his national flagship, the Australian—due to calculations that their audiences can be more readily swayed by such blatant anti-Muslim agitation. Rural and regional areas like Rockhampton in Queensland have some of the lowest-incomes in Australia, and the state as a whole has a significantly lower proportion of overseas-born residents than other states. During the second half of the 1990s, the right-wing racist Pauline Hanson One Nation Party was able to exploit the social discontent in these regions and divert it in an anti-refugee and xenophobic direction.
Newspapers in the major southern cities have raised no principled objections to printing the cartoons. In fact, even in announcing its decision not to publish, the Sydney Morning Herald said it had provided an Internet link to the images. But it voiced wider concerns in ruling circles about further social instability, as well as damage to Australia's international reputation and profitable tourism industries, following last December's racist mob attack on people of Middle Eastern appearance at Sydney's Cronulla beach. Its editorial of February 7 stated: "Tarring all Muslims with the same terrorist brush dangerously stokes tensions, especially in Western societies with Muslim minorities. Sydney does not need to be reminded of the Cronulla riots."
The decisions not to publish have enraged a layer of right-wing commentators who, like Tim Blair, would welcome a new round of ugly clashes on the streets. In the Australian on February 8, Janet Albretchsen declared: "[I]f 12 silly cartoons are enough to spark the hysterical over-reaction by Muslims, then this is a confrontation we need to have. Not publishing the cartoons adds to the debate by suggesting we will walk on eggshells in appeasing Muslim sensibilities. The spontaneous reaction across the Middle East has morphed into planned intimidation of the West and its values."
Apart from being part of Murdoch's stable of inflammatory columnists, Albrechtsen's views are noteworthy because the Howard government recently appointed her to the board of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, the largest public TV and radio broadcaster.
Significantly, after failing to comment on the racist cartoons when they first became world news, the government quickly followed when the Bush administration shifted its line. The White House initially criticised the publication of the images in a Danish newspaper, but then started denouncing the international protests that erupted in response, claiming to be defending "freedom of expression".
On February 7, just as Washington was unveiling its change of tack, Foreign Minister Alexander Downer arranged a "Dorothy Dix" question in parliament to declare that the government "regards the backlash as indefensible". Downer said it was unfortunate that the cartoons had caused offence to many Muslims but it was ultimately up to publishers what they ran in their newspapers. "Freedom of speech is a cornerstone of a democratic society," he said.
This is breathtakingly hypocritical. The Howard government has seized upon the so-called "war on terrorism" to implement measures that directly attack basic democratic rights, including freedom of expression. Its legislation now includes detention without trial, expanded sedition provisions that outlaw support for resistance to Australian military interventions, and lengthy imprisonment for "advocating" terrorism, defined so broadly that it covers many traditional forms of political dissent.
Likewise, federal Labor leader Kim Beazley condemned the global demonstrations against the cartoons as "absurd and disproportionate". Labor's foreign affairs spokesman Kevin Rudd provocatively declared: "We should not be kow-towing to anybody when it comes to freedom in this country."
Ideological conditioning
This alignment behind the anti-Muslim agitation serves two inter-related agendas.
One is to ideologically prepare public opinion for participation in further US-led neo-colonial operations in the Middle East and Central Asia, recasting the conquest of the region and its oil and gas supplies as the defence of civilisation and democracy against Islamic zealotry and savagery. It is no coincidence that the Howard government is now escalating its military commitments in Afghanistan and Iraq, underscoring its determination to remain a close supporter of the Bush administration.
Several hundred more Australian soldiers are being sent to Afghanistan and this week Howard confirmed that troops would remain in Iraq indefinitely, regardless of the pending withdrawal of the Japanese contingent that they are meant to be protecting. The fact that Howard could not even say what tasks would be assigned to the Iraqi contingent points to other considerations. Apart from trying to bolster the puppet governments in Baghdad and Kabul in the face of deepening unrest and opposition, these deployments come amid increasing US belligerence toward nearby Iran and Syria. By leaping on the cartoon issue, the Howard government is hoping to undercut the continuing popular opposition to its military interventions, which produced huge demonstrations against the Iraq invasion in early 2003.
Domestically, the anti-Muslim offensive is part of an ongoing campaign against Lebanese and other immigrants. They are being vilified to distract attention away from the widening gulf between working people and the small minority of corporate wealthy who have benefitted from the bipartisan "free market" program pursued by Liberal and Labor governments alike.
Since the mob violence at Cronulla, Peter Debnam, the New South Wales leader of Howard's Liberal Party, and the state Labor Premier Morris Iemma, have competed to denounce the Muslim and Middle Eastern youth accused of participating in so-called revenge attacks in Sydney's beachside suburbs. After Debnam repeatedly called them "thugs", the premier labelled them "thugs and hooligans" as well as "grubs".
Debnam specifically demanded that Iemma's government carry out mass arrests of Middle Eastern youth. "There's 200 thugs on the streets of Sydney who should be in jail, that's the issue." The Liberal leader branded them "urban terrorists" whose aim was "to terrorise the community". Iemma's response was to establish a permanent "Middle Eastern crime squad" in order to deliver the arrests demanded by Debnam. While police harassment of Lebanese and other immigrant youth has been endemic for decades, never before has a police unit been established on such an openly racial basis.
The Cronulla riots themselves were directly provoked by pro-government radio talkback hosts and other prominent media pundits, but behind them lay tensions that have built up since the 1980s as the employment and social conditions facing working class youth, especially from Middle Eastern backgrounds, have deteriorated.
In a column in the erstwhile liberal Sydney Morning Herald on February 9, Miranda Devine directly linked the cartoon protests and the Cronulla events: "The insane violence of riots over religious cartoons is a flexing of muscles by those men of the Islamic world who have long felt emasculated and insulted by the West's economic superiority. Empowered by Osama bin Laden's September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, they have also been emboldened by the West's internal divisions and its feeble response to increasing acts of intolerance and provocation.
"Similarly, a semi-official policy by NSW authorities of not antagonising groups of young Arab-Australian men behaving criminally or antisocially in Sydney has enfeebled police, while emboldening law-breakers to ever more audacious behaviour, such as the revenge attacks after the Cronulla riots."
Devine's diatribe amounts to a call for racially targeted police repression. The entirely predictable response to the publication of the cartoons is being used by significant sections of the ruling elite as another pretext for fostering divisions within the working class and implementing further police state measures.
World NewsAsia and the Pacific


A Russian motorcycle manufacturer that traces its roots to World War II, IMZ-Ural was founded in 1941 and originally only produces motorcycles for the Russian military. Today IMZ-Ural produces heavy-duty side-car motorcycles designed to conquer the roughest terrain We have own this 10+ yrs. between my buddy and I I can no longer ride, old as dirt, Time to let someone else to enjoy, Will assist with buyer on shipping, Sold my last Ural on EBay 8-10 yrs.


*** One thought before we get to the picks: From a talent standpoint … we're talking raw, NBA Draft-level talent … the concentration has been turned on its head this year.
Usually, the No. 1 and 2 seeds possess the bulk of the high-end talent.
This year, the No. 1 seeds have one likely first-rounder in the upcoming draft (Arizona's Aaron Gordon) and the No. 2 seeds have only two (KU's Andrew Wiggins and Joel Embiid).
In other words, the eight most-accomplished teams in the field have a combined three first rounders.
Nothing wrong with that, except talent usually rules in March.
Florida has balance, skill, smarts and poise, but the Gators are hardly the most gifted No. 1 overall we've seen in recent years.
Meanwhile, consider all the talent on teams seeded No. 4 and lower (Michigan State, Louisville, North Carolina, Oklahoma State, Kentucky).
There could be a load of No. 4-9 seeds in the Sweet 16 and Elite Eight.
UW MILWAUKEE (plus-14.5) vs. VILLANOVA (Thursday in Buffalo): The Wildcats are the shakiest No. 2 in the field, a team that plays small ball but doesn't shoot well from behind the line and got beat twice by Creighton by a combined 49 points. Should be close. Could be a major upset. Pick: UW Milwaukee.
ARIZONA STATE (plus-2.5) vs. TEXAS (Thursday in Milwaukee): ASU was awful in the Pac-12 tournament and faces a difficult matchup with Texas' rebounding prowess. More telling: The Sun Devils have zero wins away from home against teams in the NCAA field. Pick: Texas.
LOUISIANA LAFAYETTE (plus-14.5) vs. CREIGHTON (Friday in San Antonio): Hard to believe Doug McDermott has played this well for this long to have his career end with a round-of-64 upset. But for the Bluejays to avoid an ignominious end against a team that's better than you think, McDermott will need a considerable amount of help. Pick: Louisiana Lafayette.
NORTH CAROLINA CENTRAL (plus-9) vs. IOWA STATE (Friday in San Antonio): The sharpshooting Big 12 tourney champs are one of the top teams in the field and should have no trouble with Central, the champion of the MEAC. Pick: Iowa State.
GONZAGA (plus-1) vs OKLAHOMA STATE (Friday in San Diego): The Zags, who were seeded a rung or two higher than expected, face a preseason top-10 team with one of the nation's most talent backcourts. If Marcus Smart and Markel Brown play they way everyone expected in November, the Cowboys will roll. Pick: Oklahoma State.
Straight up winners: UW Milwaukee, Texas, Creighton, Iowa State and Oklahoma State.
Five-star special: Oklahoma State. A talented team that endured a long, ugly midseason slump but has won five of its last seven.


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Danyale Phillips | Jul 01, 2006
Sustainable design consultant Holley Henderson has been on the green bandwagon for nearly six years. A former EPA employee, Henderson now works as a sustainable design consultant with the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) program. In 2004, she launched her own Atlanta firm, H2 Ecodesign. In addition to raising awareness about green building through public talks to groups such as NeoCon, Environdesign and Greenprints, Henderson works with developers to help them maximize their projects. H2 Ecodesign is currently facilitating several LEED projects, including two abroad. In June, NREI spoke to Henderson about why more developers are going green and whether these buildings can meet inflated expectations.
NREI: We understand green building to mean "environmentally friendly." Is there a more precise definition of green buildings in today's marketplace?
Henderson: They are high-performance powerhouses. Anyone who thinks green buildings are only about the environment is greatly behind the times. There is a bigger picture. They define best practices in architecture and design, engineering and construction, and deliver immediate and measurable results in terms of operational performance, financial performance, and the health and productivity of their occupants.
NREI: Is there a risk that the substance of green buildings isn't living up to the hype?
Henderson: There's a big risk, maybe even now more than ever, because environmental responsibility has become a strong part of the marketing of companies, large and small. Of course any green building practice is better than none, but it's the aggregation of practices in the five key areas addressed by LEED — energy, water, indoor-air quality, materials, and site — that delivers true high-performance buildings. LEED certification ensures that a building was constructed as designed and will perform as expected.
NREI: What's driving this trend now?
Henderson: Energy costs and global climate change. Buildings use about 30% of the energy we consume in the U.S. — and we all know how costly that has become. But for every unit of energy used, we also contribute an equivalent unit of greenhouse gases. If we reduce one, we reduce the other.
NREI: What are the biggest misconceptions about green buildings on the part of owners and investors?
Henderson: The biggest misconception is that it is going to cost more. You can build a LEED-certified building at the same cost as a conventional building. Owners and investors need to understand that fact. Another misconception is if it's green, then it's not going to necessarily be a good design. I use the term "stealth green" because some green buildings fit right in with conventional buildings.
NREI: Are green buildings easier to market to sellers? Do they fetch a higher price?
Henderson: It's probably too early to tell, LEED is only 6 years old. The thought is that green buildings will be on the market for less time, and sell at a premium. The Solaire (a high-rise residential apartment complex) in New York City sold its condos at a premium price, and the building sold out before construction was complete. The Solaire marketed the building on the LEED certification. National Geographic recently certified its headquarters in Washington, D.C., and its return on investment has been documented in an increased market value of the property — $4 for every $1 invested.


The barn at Manor Farm is a very fine example of its type. It is about 90 feet long and 29 feet wide, divided into 8 bays. It has two large entry doors on the side facing the farmyard. It was built in about 1495 to store all the crops from the manor farm.
The arcade posts are about 16 feet tall and these have a thicker section or "jowl" at the top to accommodate the complex joint where the tie beam between the two aisle posts meets the longitudinal "arcade-plate" or purlin and the principal rafter.
The barn is still in private ownership, but the owner was kind enough to allow me inside to take photograph. It is also used for community events.


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In the current world, more and more people get addicted to alcohol. The fact that individuals like to drink alcohol every time they meet together is what makes them prone to getting addicted to the use of alcohol. It is worth noting that all hope is not lost because even if you are already addicted, you can get out of the situation by ensuring that you go to a rehab center. One can also get access to various rehabs which have the capacity to support them when quitting from use of any other drug such as bang, cannabis, shisha among others. You should be careful when selecting a rehab center because you are supposed to get full support from them if at all you will quit using drugs. It can be challenging when it comes to making the best choice with regards to choosing a rehab center. Here are some guidelines that you can follow when finding a rehab center that won't disappoint you.
Make sure that you know whether you wish to enroll in a rehab which is not near your home, or whether it will be uncomfortable for you to be far away from your home area. People who are addicted to drug use can be emotional if they feel separated and neglected by the people they love. If you prefer to see your affiliates quite often, then it is wise to register at a rehab center that is near your home. At times you can have a chance to go home and spend some time with them. On the other hand, if you want to separate yourself from your general background, then consider the same when looking for a rehab center. For the sake of reducing the chances of relapsing, you should ensure that you are far away from the environment which contributed to your addiction. Never enroll to any rehab center blindly but instead make sure that you know the services they offer. It is advisable for you to choose a rehab centre that will meet your needs even if it is expensive. Consider whether you will get the best programme that will make it easy for you to quit drug use.
Make sure that you consider the amount of money you can be able to raise towards the rehab services. It is worth noting that one is expected to spend a lot of money whenever they seek for rehab services. Because of lack of sufficient funds, so many people fail to get access to rehab centers. Make an effort to see whether you can be enrolled at rehab centers which offer services free of charge. Make an effort to reach out to the free rehabilitation centers so that you can get assistance to quit from drug use.


I've been planning to do this for a long time now, I was waiting for two identical beads.
If anybody wants them let me know, I'll list them.
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Who Really Won the Olympics?
The London Olympics are over and as expected, America came out on top. For me, it was not a particularly enjoyable fortnight as the time difference meant that I missed most of the great performances. Back home in Canada though, there has been much national angst as Canadian athletes brought home a solitary gold among 18 overall medals. Personally, I thought that was a reasonable achievement; we are not blessed with America's population so to garner 18 medals is fine, even if 12 were bronze. As James Mirtle of the Globe and Mail said, there's no shame in celebrating bronze, as long as it is not in hockey.
One of the problems with the Olympics is the unbalanced playing field. It is not really fair to compare countries against one another based purely on medals. There are so many other factors that can be used to get a better idea of which nation performed beyond their expectations.
As an example, let's compare medal totals for Canada (1-5-12) and Brazil (3-5-9). Sure, Canada gained one more medal overall, but Brazil had the better record. Even then, gold medals alone are not a proper measurement either; North Korea's 4-0-2 puts them ahead of Spain at 3-10-4 in the official rankings. And medals don't even take into account populations or economics. Most notably, Grenada's single gold coming from a population of just over 100,000 is amazing. So rather than accept the prevailing standard, I decided to combine all of these elements to get a more interesting look at the medal standings.
First, I awarded points on a 5-2-1 basis for gold, silver, and bronze. These are purely arbitrary numbers based on a gold being worth more than 2 silvers, while a silver is equivalent to two bronzes. Again, just an arbitrary choice which actually didn't affect the rankings much. As an example, Japan (7-14-17-38-80) and France (11-11-12-34-89) switched places with Japan falling from 6th to 8th and France jumping up 2 spots by virtue of their extra 4 golds (those numbers are G-S-B-Total-Points). Canada suffered one of the biggest drops, falling from 13th to 22nd, just ahead of Belarus who had one of their gold medals taken away after the winner was caught doping.
The next step was to divide this point total by the population, which I took from the always reliable Wikipedia. Multiplying this number by 1,000,000 results in a stat that I have creatively dubbed Medal Points/Million People or MPMP. To illustrate, the US had 317 points using the 5-2-1 system and with a population of about 314 million, gets 1.01 MPMP, in other words about one medal point for every million people. This puts them 40th on the list with the aforementioned Grenada taking 1st at 47.62. Canada falls down to 47th at 0.77. The top 10 by this stat (MP are medal points):
Nation          MP     Pop      MPMP
Grenada          5    105,000   47.62
Bahamas          5    353,658   14.14
Jamaica         32  2,705,827   11.83
New Zealand     39  4,434,590    8.79
Trinidad & Tob   8  1,317,714    6.07
Hungary         53  9,962,000    5.32
Croatia         19  4,290,612    4.43
Lithuania       14  3,187,700    4.39
Slovenia         9  2,057,970    4.37
Denmark         21  5,584,758    3.76
The problem here is that less populous nations have a massive advantage as you can see above, where not a single country has a population above 10 million. So I also incorporated each nation's economy using GDP per capita, which is a reasonably accurate measure of a country's wealth. Dividing GDP per capita (in $US) by Medal Points gives a number (GDP/MP) that represents how much each Medal Point cost each resident of that country. It is obviously just a theoretical calculation, since each nation doesn't spend all of its wealth on sport, but it gives a rough idea of how much each medal "costs". Naturally, poor countries with a few medals are at the top of the ranking. Ethiopia, the poorest nation to take home a medal (GDP is just $360 per person), managed 7 medals for 20 medal points, which means each Ethiopian paid $18 for each medal point. Qatar, the richest country in the world with a GDP 273 times greater than that of Ethiopia, netted only 2 bronze medals, each costing over $49,000. Canada ended up in 54th, with each medal point costing $1,868. The top 10 and bottom 5 are below:
Nation      MP     GDP     GDP/MP
Ethiopia    20     360       18.0
China      267    5414       20.3
Kenya       23     851       37.0
N. Korea    22    1200       54.6
Russia     204   12993       63.7
Ukraine     49    3621       73.9
Uganda       5     478       95.6
Cuba        37    5397      145.9
USA        317   48387      152.6
Jamaica     32    5402      168.8
Bahrain      1   23132    23132.0
Singapore    2   49271    24635.5
Hong Kong    1   34049    34049.0
Kuwait       1   47982    47982.0
Qatar        2   98329    49164.5
So how can these varied measures be combined to give an overall ranking? After much thought and experimentation with complicated mathematical formulae that involved logarithmic analysis (yeah, right) I decided to simply average the 3 rankings: medal points (MPR), medal points per million (MPPMR), and GDP/MP. Here are the top 20 and bottom 5:
Nation         MPR    MPPMR   GDP/MPR   AVG
Great Britain    4      14      13      10.3
Jamaica         20       3      10      11.0
Hungary         11       6      19      12.0
Cuba            17      12       8      12.3
Russia           3      30       5      12.7
USA              1      40       9      16.7
Kazakhstan      14      21      17      17.3
South Korea      7      28      18      17.7
Ukraine         13      39       6      19.3
Belarus         23      19      16      19.3
Germany          5      32      24      20.3
Australia        9      11      41      20.3
France           6      31      27      21.3
New Zealand     15       4      45      21.3
Georgia         38      15      15      22.7
China            2      66       2      23.3
North Korea     25      43       4      24.0
Czech Republic  21      18      35      24.7
Netherlands     12      16      47      25.0
Italy           10      38      28      25.3
Greece          75      68      78      73.7
Morocco         79      83      61      74.3
Kuwait          79      61      84      74.7
Hong Kong       79      72      83      78.0
Saudi Arabia    79      82      80      80.3
So Great Britain actually "won" the Olympics! Jamaica and Hungary round out the top 3, while the US falls to 6th due to their large population. Belarus remains in the top 10 despite losing that gold. Canada ended up right in the middle at 43rd out of 85 countries that won a medal, exactly where we like to be. Smarter sports fans could probably figure out a way to include all those nations that went home empty handed, but I think the final result here is pretty intriguing.
Obviously, this is an arbitrary analysis with no scientific merit whatsoever. Please don't take it seriously. You can easily adjust the rankings by playing with the weightings or changing the point system. It is actually rather interesting to do so; if you would like the original data, please let me know and I will forward it to you.
In the meantime, I'm looking forward to Sochi in 2014. At least I'll be in the same time zone!
Update: No I won't be in the same time zone! I have unexpectedly moved to the USA and will be watching tape delays on NBC. Yay!
Labels: Olympics, Statistics
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T20 Cricket World Cup


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Jewish Budapest
Private Jewish Heritage Tours
Jewish Shore Excursions
M&H Roll Call
Rhine and Danube Excursions
Private City Tours
Jewish City Breaks
Small Group Packages
Budapest River Cruise Excursion
Castle of Zion at the Danube River
Visit Budapest with us, and discover the many facets of this beautiful city on the Danube River. Let us bring you inside Jewish Budapest – its rich history and its inspiring contemporary life. Our Budapest tours offer fresh insight into must-see Budapest attractions, and go deeper into sites that bring to life the past and present of the Hungarian Jews.
The modern city of Budapest is an amalgamation of the old city names of 'Buda' and 'Pest' straddling the Danube River, each with its own separate Jewish community. A tour therefore naturally crosses the river to explore both historic Jewish quarters. One can still sense the power and splendor of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy which was home to many different ethnic and religious groups. Where once a 15th century synagogue stood is now a Jewish Museum incorporating its remains. The community split into Neolog (progressive) and Orthodox in 1869, while those who refused the split built the 'Status-Quo' synagogue. The birth house of Theodor Herzl is a museum and many chapters in the history of Zionism took place here. By 1935 there were more than 200,000 Jews in Budapest, making this community one of the largest in the world. Hungary was one of the Axis powers and Jews were persecuted first by the collaborative government. When Hungarian Fascists took power in 1944, the Nazis were able to carry out a devastating deportation action in which over half of Hungary's Jews were murdered within a few months. Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg and Swiss Consul Carl Lutz saved 10,000 of the Hungarian Jews marked for death by issuing them false papers. See the moving granite and steel "Weeping Willow" memorial and a bronze statue of Wallenberg to commemorate the Righteous Gentiles. During Soviet times a relatively large Jewish community continued to live here (about 60,000 members). Budapest was the only place within the Soviet satellite countries where an operational Rabbinical Seminary continued to exist!
The highlight of any tour to Budapest is a visit to the Moorish style Dohany Street Synagogue. It is perhaps the most magnificent synagogue in the world and largest in Europe, holding 3,000 people. Today's community of approximately 90,000 is served by 23 synagogues and prayer houses, 2 colleges, 3 high schools, a Jewish hospital, Jewish newspaper, kosher restaurants, butchers and bakers.
A tour of Budapest includes World Heritage Sites such as the Buda Castle and surrounding Castle Quarter, Saint Stephen's Basilica, the Chain Bridge, the mid 19th century Andrássy Avenue with its eclectic neo-Renaissance palaces and the Hungarian State Opera. The spectacular neo-Gothic Parliament is ornate and massive – building materials included 40kg of gold! – displaying its splendor on the banks of the Danube. A historical stroll along the Danube Promenade is a must for this fascinating, charming and very Jewish city.
Budapest Tour Options
Jewish Budapest and City Highlights
Budapest City Highlights
Choose one or more tour options
Jewish Budapest and City Highlights Budapest City Highlights Tailor Made
M&H Newsletter: Regularly announcements of our newest journeys, blog digests, exclusive offers and more.
Buda Side
The Danube River
All of our cruise tours include transfers from the port to the touring area and back. Please inform us in the event that you will not require transfers.
Our tours are fully customizable according to the time at your disposal. When making your request, kindly let us know how many hours you will be available for touring; if you know your exact docking times, even better!
In case you have already been to this destination previously, we can ensure that you will not be repeating sites which you have already visited. If you have other specific requests, just let us know, and we will happily accommodate your particular preferences.
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学校名称 U.S. News ranking
美国新闻排名 Tuition and Fees
学费 Room and Board
生活费
You need to have Adobe Reader installed on your computer to view detailed school profiles. If you do not it installed, please click here to download it from Adobe website.
Troy University - Troy Campus Universities - Master's (South), 63 $8,320 $4,920
University of La Verne National Universities, Third Tier $24,260 $9,210
University of Bridgeport National Universities, Fourth Tier $20,595 $9,000
Boston University National Universities, 57 $33,792 $10,480
Clark University National Universities, 81 $31,465 $5,900
Hult International Business School Not Available $22,500 $10,000
Northeastern University National Universities, 98 $30,309 $10,950
Suffolk University Universities - Master's (North), 51 $22,690 $12,756
University of Massachusetts - Amherst National Universities, 98 $17,818 $6,989
University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth Universities - Master's (North), 51 $14,991 $8,574
Central Michigan University National Universities, Fourth Tier $13,632 $6,376
Lawrence Technological University Universities - Master's (Midwest), 47 $19,443 $7,266
Southern New Hampshire University Unranked Specialty School - Business $30,524 $8,480
New York Institute of Technology Universities - Master's (North), 77 $20,358 $9,226
SUNY - Buffalo National Universities, 120 $12,328 $7,526
SUNY - Oswego Universities - Master's (North), Third Tier $11,482 $8,340
Ashland University Universities - Master's (Midwest), 53 $21,430 $7,791
Linfield College Comprehensive Colleges - Bachelor's (West), 1 $24,174 $7,020
Roger Williams University Comprehensive Colleges - Bachelor's (North), 10 $24,066 $10,693
University of North Texas National Universities, Fourth Tier $14,362 $5,610


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Defending Scott Atlas
by Don Boudreaux on March 14, 2021
in Current Affairs, Data, Media, Myths and Fallacies, Reality Is Not Optional
Here's a letter to a woman who scolds me whenever, at my blog, I cite Scott Atlas approvingly.
Ms. D___:
You're the fourth person to send to me the FT's 'interview' of Dr. Scott Atlas. I'm much less impressed with the 'interview' than you are. It's more of a hit piece on Atlas than an objective report of his views on Covid-19 and lockdowns.
I have now neither the time nor patience to give the 'interview' the full evisceration that it deserves. So let's look at one key point – namely, 'reporter' Kiran Stacey's attempt to discredit Atlas for endorsing the Swedish government's famously light reaction to Covid.
After documenting his grilling of Atlas on Sweden and getting answers that he didn't like, Stacey wrote:
Would he at least say that Sweden largely followed his blueprint, and so its success or failure reflects on whether he is right? "I don't know. I haven't made an effort to look in detail at everything that Sweden did."
I am surprised by Atlas's lack of familiarity with the Swedish case, not least because it had been a cause célèbre among lockdown sceptics….
Given the earlier grilling – during which, by the way, Atlas revealed that he in fact suffers no "lack of familiarity with the Swedish case" – Atlas appears to me to have sensibly avoided falling into what might have been a trap set by Stacey. If Atlas had answered "yes" to Stacey's question, he'd have put himself at risk of Stacey finding some difference between the details of Sweden's actions and what Stacey calls Atlas's "blueprint." A reporter as obviously hostile to Atlas as is Stacey would likely have highlighted these differences, however minor, and then inflated these into a charge that Atlas is so unfamiliar with Sweden that all that the Doctor says on the matter should be ignored.
More importantly, on the substance of the Swedish case: The data support Atlas, not Stacey. As shown in Our World in Data, the pattern over time in daily Covid deaths per million in Sweden tracks quite closely the pattern of daily Covid deaths per million in the U.K., even though the U.K. has suffered far harsher lockdowns than has Sweden. Indeed – and despite Sweden having at the start of Covid an unusually large amount of "dry tinder" – the percentage of Swedes who've so far died of Covid (0.13) is lower than is the percentage of Brits (0.19) who've done the same.*
So, no, the FT's 'report' on Dr. Atlas does nothing to diminish my respect for him. But it does diminish my respect for the FT.
Martha and Nelson Getchell Chair for the Study of Free Market Capitalism at the Mercatus Center
* Calculated from data easily gotten by Googling the population of both Sweden and the U.K., as well as the number of Covid deaths to date in each of these countries.
Previous post: Some Covid Links


Patients with kidney diseases have almost doubled in the country over the last decade and are expected to rise further. Unhealthy eating habits and stressful lives are the prominent reasons for the increase in chronic diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and high blood sugar, which enhance the risk of suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD).
There are several good treatment options available to deal with the problem of hair loss. You might be an ideal candidate for one treatment but not for other. With FUE surgery transplant being a safe and effective hair transplant treatment, let's see whether you are an ideal candidate for follicular unit candidate treatment or not.


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Taylor – miasto w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Arizona, w hrabstwie Navajo.

Miasta w stanie Arizona


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Tux Machines Section/s
Security: Updates, WordPress 5.1.1 in Debian, Threats in Devices and Facebook Downtime
Submitted by Roy Schestowitz on Friday 15th of March 2019 12:19:52 AM Filed under
Security updates for Thursday
The Debian packages for WordPress version 5.1.1 are being updated as I write this. This is a security fix for WordPress that stops comments causing a cross-site scripting bug. It's an important one to update.
25 Most Common IoT Security Threats in an Increasingly Connected World
The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing rapidly. IoT is the connectivity of devices over the internet. It's like a social network or an email service, but instead of connecting people, IoT actually connects smart devices which include, but not limited to your computers, smartphones, smart home appliances, automation tools, and more.
However, similar to all types of technologies out there, IoT is a double-edged sword as well. It has its upsides, but there are serious threats that accompany this technology. As manufacturers are racing against each other to bring the latest device in the market, not many of them are thinking about the security issues associated with their IoT devices.
Facebook Suffers Global Outage, Claims DDoS Not the Cause
Facebook users around the world had a singular question for much of March 13: Is Facebook down?
As it turns out, the global social media giant and its related Instagram and WhatsApp services were in fact unavailable and down for much of the day. Some service was restored by March 14, though full global availability across all Facebook services is still intermittent. With Facebook down, the company ironically had to resort to using rival social media service Twitter to keep many of its users informed.
"We're aware that some people are currently having trouble accessing the Facebook family of apps," Facebook wrote in a Twitter message. "We're working to resolve the issue as soon as possible."
Facebook also provided minimal updates via its platform status dashboard for developers, with the first indication of trouble reported at 10:32 a.m. PT on March 13.
"We are currently experiencing issues that may cause some API requests to take longer or fail unexpectedly," the status page reports. "We are investigating the issue and working on a resolution."
Story Proxmox VE 6.0 released! Roy Schestowitz 17/07/2019 - 1:12am
Story Clonezilla live 2.6.2-15 Released, which includes Major Enhancements and Bug Fixes Roy Schestowitz 1 17/07/2019 - 12:47am
Story today's howtos Roy Schestowitz 17/07/2019 - 12:41am
Story Android Leftovers Rianne Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 9:22pm
Story Mageia 7.1, Mageia 7 with Ryzen 3000 hardware support Rianne Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 9:17pm
Story Linux Mint 19.2 "Tina" Cinnamon – BETA Release Rianne Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 9:14pm
Story Firefox 69 Beta On Linux Bringing Better Performance Rianne Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 6:01pm
Story today's leftovers Rianne Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 5:49pm
Story today's howtos and software bits Roy Schestowitz 16/07/2019 - 2:59pm
Proxmox VE 6.0 released!
We're excited to announce the final release of our Proxmox VE 6.0! It's based on the great Debian 10 codename "Buster" and the latest 5.0 Linux kernel, QEMU 4.0, LXC 3.1.0, ZFS 0.8.1, Ceph 14.2, Corosync 3.0, and more. This major release includes the latest Ceph Nautilus feautures and an improved Ceph management dashboard. We have updated the cluster communication stack to Corosync 3 using Kronosnet, and have a new selection widget for the network making it simple to select the correct link address in the cluster creation wizard. With ZFS 0.8.1 we have included TRIM support for SSDs and also support for native encryption with comfortable key-handling.
Roy Schestowitz