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For the past few days, Enrico has been in Las Vegas for the Sotheby's International Realty Affiliates Global Networking Event! Monday's Welcome Reception was followed by numerous breakout sessions covering topics from Brand Conversation and Negotiation to Leveraging Media and New Developments. To cap off an excellent week of learning, the RSIR team made sure to embrace the moment by taking a family photo poolside at the Wynn.
Enrico is leaving tomorrow and looking forward to implementing the new roll outs Sotheby's International Realty is introducing in the coming year. It's always a pleasure to reconnect and make new friends with other Sotheby's brokers!!


text:
WorkOS
Hired 7 engineers
Enterprise SaaS
WorkOS builds solutions for startups that enable them to more easily support enterprise clients. The company helps their clients by providing an API for single sign-on, directory sync, audit trails, and role-based access controls, among other services. WorkOS was founded by Michael Grinich, who previously co-founded Nylas, a developer-focused email infrastructure platform. Over the past year and a half, Michael has taken WorkOS from a mere idea and turned it into a 13-person company.
Building a Native Remote Company
WorkOS has been a distributed company from the get-go. Michael wanted to build a company that could scale with ease and didn't want to be limited by arbitrary constraints (e.g. the number of office conference rooms). He also wanted to be able to recruit the best technical talent regardless of geography.
To build a successful remote company, Michael has had to be deliberate in his management approach and communication style. For example, WorkOS encourages everyone to use group chats, even for individual conversations, so that employees get a sense for the "buzz" of a busy office. Michael has also developed company rituals, including Thursday evening virtual happy hours and game nights. Colleagues are also encouraged to use Donut, a roulette-esque Slack integration, that randomly pairs employees who may not otherwise interact to get to know each other over virtual coffees.
Company Culture Drives Recruiting Strategy
The strength of WorkOS's culture builds trust between remote colleagues, adds structure to virtual interactions, and guides everyone on the team to collaborate. For example, WorkOS's culture values quality over speed. WorkOS always extends launch date deadlines, never rushes a product out the door if it's not up to the team's high standards.
The importance of the company's culture extends to WorkOS' hiring activity. With new hires, Michael focuses heavily on finding the right culture fit. WorkOS wants to hire makers who care about craft and design, and engineers who look up to well-designed products. As a developer-focused company, they value polished work over velocity. Michael also cares deeply about identifying young talent. The right attitude and maturity level is far more important than possessing an exact skillset at the onset. Motivated hires learn quickly on the job.
One of the primary benefits of building a fully remote company is that WorkOS can focus on finding the strongest candidates -- regardless of geography. However, Michael has found that working across distant time zones impedes communication, so he has focused on hiring across the Americas.
Like all strong founders, Michael has been involved with the hiring of everyone on the team. He knows that he can't run the entire interview process forever but it's an unfair advantage he has over other larger companies -- he's great at getting people excited about WorkOS. To find new talent for WorkOS, he relies on Dover's sourcing solutions, a very active Twitter presence, and network referrals.
WorkOS Depends on Dover for Remote Hiring
Over the past year, Dover has helped WorkOS hire 7 engineers, roughly half the company, and saved Michael and his team hundreds of hours by managing candidate pipeline and scheduling for a fraction of the cost of a traditional recruiter.
As WorkOS has grown and its hiring needs have changed, Dover has also built specific capabilities to allow for the flexibility that WorkOS' team needs. Given WorkOS' remote structure and desire for candidates across the Americas, Dover customized its sourcing strategy to accommodate timezone restrictions.
Dover continues to source strong talent to fill WorkOS' hiring needs, and checks in with Michael and the rest of the WorkOS team regularly to ensure that the right candidates are being added to their pipeline.
Ready to take your company growth to the next level?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Just fill it with your beverage of choice and dispense by pressing down on the handle. It's perfect for firefighters and has a 1.5 liter capacity. It stands about 13″ tall.
This makes a fun gift for anyone who loves novelty drink dispensers. Only $16.98 from Amazon.com and Rakuten.com.
The hand grenade looking Pinqy ($62) is a small, yet very powerful, tool that comes in handy when you have the beginnings of a fire at hand. Here you can see a bunch of Pinqy video demonstrations.


text:
<?php declare (strict_types=1);

namespace Sabre\CardDAV;

use Sabre\DAV\PropFind;
use Sabre\HTTP;

class SogoStripContentTypeTest extends \Sabre\DAVServerTest {

    protected $setupCardDAV = true;
    protected $carddavAddressBooks = [
        [
            'id'           => 1,
            'uri'          => 'book1',
            'principaluri' => 'principals/user1',
        ],
    ];
    protected $carddavCards = [
        1 => [
            'card1.vcf' => "BEGIN:VCARD\nVERSION:3.0\nUID:12345\nEND:VCARD",
        ],
    ];

    function testDontStrip() {

        $result = $this->server->getProperties('addressbooks/user1/book1/card1.vcf', ['{DAV:}getcontenttype']);
        $this->assertEquals([
            '{DAV:}getcontenttype' => 'text/vcard; charset=utf-8'
        ], $result);

    }
    function testStrip() {

        $this->server->httpRequest = new HTTP\Request('GET', '/', [
            'User-Agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:10.0.2) Gecko/20120216 Thunderbird/10.0.2 Lightning/1.2.1',
        ]);
        $result = $this->server->getProperties('addressbooks/user1/book1/card1.vcf', ['{DAV:}getcontenttype']);
        $this->assertEquals([
            '{DAV:}getcontenttype' => 'text/x-vcard'
        ], $result);

    }
    function testDontTouchOtherMimeTypes() {

        $this->server->httpRequest = new HTTP\Request('GET', '/addressbooks/user1/book1/card1.vcf', [
            'User-Agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:10.0.2) Gecko/20120216 Thunderbird/10.0.2 Lightning/1.2.1',
        ]);

        $propFind = new PropFind('hello', ['{DAV:}getcontenttype']);
        $propFind->set('{DAV:}getcontenttype', 'text/plain');
        $this->carddavPlugin->propFindLate($propFind, new \Sabre\DAV\SimpleCollection('foo'));
        $this->assertEquals('text/plain', $propFind->get('{DAV:}getcontenttype'));

    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Without begrudging ABC's journalism here, I should note that 60 Plus is not a hypocritical seniors organization. It's a Republican front group. The whole purpose is to create a label to brand political pro-Republican advertising on any issue affecting the elderly to create the impression of coming from some kind of pro-elderly lobby rather than from the GOP itself. The whole organization is a fraud. There are front groups like this on both sides, to be sure. But the whole notion of treating "60 Plus" on its own terms, as some kind of advocacy group with a political bias rather than a partisan front, is kind of silly.


text:
Harbhajan, Yuvraj regret batting for Afridi's charity after latter's ...
Harbhajan, Yuvraj regret batting for Afridi's charity after latter's anti-Modi remarks
Tags: India, Pakistan, Harbhajan Singh, Yuvraj Singh
Former India cricketers Harbhajan Singh and Yuvraj Singh have expressed their disappointment at supporting ex-Pakistan captain Shahid Afridi's charity after the latter made derogatory comments against Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Few weeks back, Harbhajan and Yuvraj were brutally trolled for posting videos in support for 'Shahid Afridi Foundation', which has been working to raise funds for those affected by COVID-19. While Harbhajan and Yuvraj defended themselves last month, they have been heavily disappointed over Afridi's recent statement on Kashmir.
"It was Afridi who requested me and Yuvi to do a video in support of his foundation as spread of pandemic doesn't see religion or borders. But then he would time and again make anti-India comments," Harbhajan was quoted as telling PTI.
"I feel terrible that I even called him a friend. He is not a worthy human being who can be called a friend. I am done with calling Afridi a friend," he went on to add.
Yuvraj also expressed similar views over the development. "Really disappointed by @SAfridiOfficial's comments on our Hon'b PM @narendramodi ji. As a responsible Indian who has played for the country, I will never accept such words. I made an appeal on your behest for the sake of humanity. But never again," he said.
In a viral video, Afridi has alleged that Modi is responsible for religious atrocities in the country and compared him to Coronavirus. Regretting his support to Afridi, Harbhajan further said, "The intention was to support a good cause. But then I hear him make unsavoury statements about my country. Here I try to support you despite being viciously trolled and then you show your class."
Harbhajan added that the constant trolling doesn't affect him as the trolls don't matter in his life. "No, I won't say it (trolling) affected me because these are people who don't matter in my life. I know the kind of person I am. I don't need to prove my love for my country.
Afridi and Gautam Gambhir have been at constant loggerheads over the Kashmir issue.
--By A Cricket Correspondent
"Everything has to come to a ..."Everything has to come to a halt at some stage" ...Jan 16, 2022
You probably have to speak to ...You probably have to speak to the selectors: Kohli on ...Jan 15, 2022
Sometimes in moments like these people ...Sometimes in moments like these people do say certain things: ...Jan 14, 2022
He brings a lot of energy ...He brings a lot of energy to the side: Jasprit ...Jan 13, 2022
With a bit of luck, this ...With a bit of luck, this could have been a ...Jan 12, 2022
Standards we're talking about today have ...Standards we're talking about today have been set by myself: ...Jan 10, 2022
India will win the series in ...India will win the series in Cape Town, asserts Harbhajan ...Jan 09, 2022
He plays in a particular way ...He plays in a particular way but he will keep ...Jan 06, 2022
This pitch has variable bounce: Cheteshwar ...This pitch has variable bounce: Cheteshwar Pujara after fighting fiftyJan 05, 2022
Best is yet to come: Shardul ...Best is yet to come: Shardul Thakur after registering career-best ...Jan 05, 2022
Rahul's getting that formula of how ...Rahul's getting that formula of how to go about playing ...Jan 03, 2022
Virat Kohli has been absolutely phenomenal ...Virat Kohli has been absolutely phenomenal over the last 20 ...Jan 02, 2022
With a bit of luck, this could have been a big one: Vikram Rathour on Virat Kohli's innings


Bag yourself a bargain in the boohoo dresses sale. With day dresses at discount prices, keep your basic bodycon dress collection on-trend with our on-point prices, or plan ahead and purchase your party dresses for next season now - you can never have too many night out dresses! If you want the same amount of style for a smaller price tag, check out our cheap dresses - it'd be rude not to!


Efficient solutions for all year around cleaning and clearing operations on public and private roads and other traffic areas. The range encompasses compact and truck mounted municipal as well as industrial sweepers.
The proven vacuum pick-up system delivers outstanding suction power for effective cleaning. Water spray jets fitted on the brushes and suction nozzle suppress dirt particles to ensure virtually dust-free sweeping in critical areas. A large tilting hopper constructed of chromium steel holds the debris and allows easy discharge into skips or bins. Supported by castor wheels, the suction nozzle located between the front wheels is optimally synchronised with the two brushes for perfect coverage of the area being swept.


text:
News of the European Social Economy
CEPES and CIRIEC hold the 3rd meeting of the OECD Project on legal frameworks favourable to the Social Economy
The third meeting of the project 'Promoting legal frameworks favourable to the Social Economy', led by CEPES in the framework of the OECD Global Action for the Social Economy, was held on 7 September. CIRIEC-International participates in the project as scientific partner, through professor and legal expert Gemma Fajardo (University of Valencia, IUDESCOOP and CIRIEC-Spain). The meeting was attended by 35 participants from 25 organisations supporting the project, including public and ministerial departments responsible for Social Economy from six countries (Brazil, Canada, Korea, Italy, Mexico and Spain). The project is funded by the European Union.
According to CEPES, this third meeting identified and analysed legislative areas which, although not specific to the Social Economy, are strategic for its development and are emblematic for understanding how these enterprises should be taken into account when regulating and facilitating the operation of all business models in the market.
One of the areas on which the meeting focused was how the Social Economy forms part of the different public procurement policies applied by local, regional or state public administrations on the three continents to achieve economic, social, sustainability or social inclusion objectives. As indicated by Professor Fajardo, among other measures, it is worth highlighting the market reserve in favour of social inclusion economy enterprises; the obligation to include social clauses such as the one that obliges contractors to subcontract to social economy enterprises (Circulaire Gouvernement Région de Bruxelles, 26 November 2020), or those that incorporate as a model of responsible public procurement those made to socially useful solidarity enterprises (Loi française Climat et Résilience 2021-1104 of 22 August 2021).
On the other hand, it was also discussed how different legal frameworks take into account the particularities of companies of this model in terms of their specific tax treatment, transferring experiences to other countries that seek to adopt legislative measures in line with the characteristics of Social Economy companies. The specific tax treatment is conceived, as Agnès Mathis, Director of Cooperatives Europe, pointed out, not as an advantage but as the appropriate adaptation of the tax system to the limitations of these companies.
Financing was another of the topics discussed. Thus, the discussions focused on existence of innovative financing mechanisms promoted directly not only by the Administrations for the Social Economy, but also by these enterprises, because they are better adapted to the demands of a more responsible and transparent financial market. Others shared the experience and regulation of credit cooperatives and community banks; social bonds, microcredits and social currencies. Roser Hernández, Deputy Director of Social and Solidarity Economy and Cooperatives of the Generalitat de Catalunya, stressed the importance of training in ethical finance not only at university, but also in schools.
The participants also explained the functioning of support and development programmes for the Social Economy. They agreed on the importance of having not only funding, but also programmes to accompany entrepreneurship, the creation of decent employment in the Social Economy, and the visibility of this business model. The promotion of the social economy is sometimes linked to other more or less similar realities, which also received attention, such as the solidarity economy and the popular economy, which is very present in countries such as Brazil.
The President of CEPES, Juan Antonio Pedreño, pointed out that the specific experiences presented by public authorities from Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Korea, Spain, France and Italy "confirm that administrations at all levels and all regulatory frameworks governing socio-economic policies must take into account Social Economy business models. Understanding it in this way is key not only to regulate its functioning in the market, but also to promote in a transversal way a business model that is key to ensure a fair exit and a sustainable transformation after the COVID crisis".
More information on the project
The project 'Promoting favourable legal frameworks for the Social Economy at a global level', which began in April and will run until October this year, was selected by the OECD along with 5 other initiatives for its ability to combine its experience in the field of the Social Economy with the formation of a consortium involving key players to generate a global ecosystem in favour of the Social Economy.
The international consortium piloted by CEPES is made up of a total of 25 partners from public and ministerial departments in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Korea, France, Spain, Italy and Mexico, and, together with CEPES, organisations in the field of the Social Economy from Canada, the United States and the European Union, as well as the ILO, the ICA, CIRIEC-International, AIM and the Global Forum of the Social Economy.
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"He kind of looked at us like, 'Oh, OK. This is what was in Mommy's belly — got it. I'll keep him safe.'"
Little is known for certain about Astro the dog's upbringing, but there's no doubt about one thing — he absolutely loves his adoptive parents, Corey Jordan and his fiancée Elsa. Since adopting him a few years back, Astro has always insisted on sleeping nestled between them in bed.
Corey and Elsa call that his "spot" — but recently, Astro had a change of heart.
This week, Corey and Elsa are celebrating the birth of their first child, a son named Noah. But it seems the proud new parents weren't the only ones eagerly anticipating the baby's happy arrival.
"Astro is a sweet boy and very loving," Corey told The Dodo. "During the pregnancy, he was always near Elsa and would be very protective of her stomach if people were over. He never leaves her side. He'd occasionally lay his head on her belly or put his paw on it and just hang out."
The couple wasn't sure how much Astro actually understood of what was going on, or how he would react when Noah finally entered the world.
Initially, upon bringing Noah home, the pup was a little perplexed by the chubby-cheeked infant.
Eventually, though, he put two and two together.
"Astro sniffed Noah all over and then ran to his mommy," Corey said. "He sniffed her and got some pats, but then seemed confused. He went back to Noah and sniffed him again. Then he kind of looked at us like, 'Oh, OK. This is what was in Mommy's belly — got it. I'll keep him safe.'"
The dog didn't say that aloud, of course, but he meant it nevertheless.
Soon it became clear that, after years of snuggling between Corey and Elsa, Astro had discovered a place he likes even more — by little Noah's side. Since then, that's where the faithful dog passes the night, a change of behavior that came as quite a pleasant shock to his parents.
"To see Astro give up his spot, for any amount of time at night, is surprising because he has always slept there," Corey said. "Once he did it, though, I understood. Because he sat there and stared at Noah, and then he laid down. So we both knew what was going on in his head. I think he has found his new spot."
Being a newborn, Noah is obviously never out of reach or sight of his doting parents, but Astro still insists on supervising as they adjust to their new routines.
"He's very concerned about Noah. By that I mean if we get up with Noah at night, Astro is up. When we change Noah at night, Astro just sits at our feet looking up making sure we're doing it right," Corey said with a laugh. "When we feed Noah on the couch, Astro hops up there and lays next to Noah's head while he's eating."
As Corey and Elsa continue to learn the ins and outs of parenthood firsthand, the future is looking bright for the young family knowing that Noah already has such a faithful friend in Astro.
"I think he'll be a great brother. Astro is very patient and loving," Corey said. "As far as their bond goes, I can see it becoming better and better as Noah gets older and starts to understand things. He's going to love his big brother."
You can keep up with Astro and his family by following them on Instagram.


SelectBIO Fifth Annual Organ-on-a-Chip World Congress 2019 focuses on an important and expanding field wherein cells are being assembled using Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip technologies in a functionally-relevant manner. These clusters of "assembled cells" have functional significance and can mimic in vivo organ structure.
The Conference Tracks are Co-Located and Concurrent and Delegates can Participate, Mix-and-Match Presentations and Network Extensively with their Colleagues from all 3 Conference Tracks. The Exhibit hall is also co-located and accessible by delegates from all 3 conference tracks.
All the Key Opinion Leaders from around the World are Participating at this Conference allowing Maximal Information Exchange and Unparalleled Networking Opportunities. Additionally, companies in the field showcase their technologies and product offerings at this conference.


Takes you back to summer camp. The neon makes screams summer fun while the box stitch reminds you of the lanyard days. Silver Box Stitch Hoop Earrings with hand painted neon yellow/green (what we call Yeen) accent.
As with all handmade jewelry, item should be worn stored and treated delicately. Do not wear in the shower or near water. Avoid exposing items to solvents, perfumes, hair sprays or other chemicals, which can cause discoloration or cause items to lose their shine. All jewelry is costume jewelry.


text:
Intro to Invasives
What are invasive species?
What are their impacts?
Reporting Upland Plants
Reporting a Tree Disease
Reporting an Aquatic Animal
Reporting an Aquatic Plant
Reporting an Invasive Insect
Slow the Spread
Clean, Drain, Dry
Don't Move Firewood
Slow the Spread of EAB
Vermont Plant Quarantine
Invasives In The News
Vermont Invasives
Return to Land Gallery
Lycorma delicatula
Images of this species:
Common look-alikes:
The spotted lanternfly adult is about one inch long and half an inch wide. The abdomen is yellow with black bars running across. It is the color and pattern of the wings that give it its name. The forewing is gray and speckled black at the base and black with gray cross veins near the tips. The hind wings feature a bright red base, a white stripe in the middle and a black tip. Young nymphs are black with white spots. The fourth nymphal instar turns red and black before maturing.
Weeping wounds on trees (such as tree of heaven)
Greyish or black trails of sap on trunk from wounds
Wasps and ants attracted to sap from sounds
Egg masses in late fall on host trees and nearby smooth surfaces like stone, outdoor furniture, vehicles, and structures.
Newly laid egg masses have a grey mud-like covering which can take on a dry cracked appearance over time
Old egg masses appear as rows of 30-50 brownish seed-like deposits in 4-7 columns on the trunk, roughly an inch long.
See image slideshow above for signs and symptoms.
The Spotted Lanternfly was first discovered in the United States in Pennsylvania in 2014. It is originally from China and South Asian countries such as India. It was discovered in Pennsylvania in the fall of 2014 and has the potential to become a serious agricultural pest without natural pests and predators keep populations low. It was accidentally introduced into South Korea in 2006 and has spread dramatically, making it a major agricultural pest, especially for grape production. At first, the risk of spread in the northern US was believed to be lower due to cold Pennsylvania winters, but it has now been discovered that many eggs and newly hatched nymphs have survived the winter.
In the fall adults congregate in large groups on tree trunks, especially of tree of heaven. Females begin to lay eggs in late September on trunks, branches, stones, and many other smooth surfaces. The egg masses typically contain 30-50 eggs and are usually about an inch long. The egg masses are gray and covered with a material that first appears waxy, like wet mud and then dries and cracks. The insect overwinters in the egg mass. Nymphs hatch out in the spring and begin to mature in early summer.
ecological threat
The spotted lanternfly is a sap-feeding planthopper. Nymphs and adults feed on sap from stems and leaves. Both life stages have been found on apples, plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, almonds, grapes as well as forest trees like maples, oak, pine, walnut, poplar willow and sycamore. When it is present, adults prefer tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), which is also an invasive species. Damage is done in two ways. Removing sap reduces photosynthesis, weakening the plant. Host plants are also damaged indirectly as the adults excrete honeydew which allows the growth of sooty mold fungus on the leaves, stems, and fruit. This growth further reduces photosynthesis and attracts ants, flies, wasps, and bees.
Management of spotted lanternfly may involve reducing host species by cutting tree of heaven or creating trap trees by treating tree of heaven with a systemic insecticide. Nymph populations can be reduced with sticky bands on trees. Scraping egg masses from surfaces may help keep populations down.
Vermont Distribution
Spotted lanternfly has not been confirmed in Vermont.
SLF, Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
SLF, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
Tiger moth, Mark Dreiling, Bugwood.org
Boxelder beetle, Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org
information credit
New York Invasive Species Information
Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture
Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation
Vermont Extension
This website was supported by an Innovations and Collaborations Grant from the Vermont Community Foundation.
Site by Tamarack Media Cooperative. Cover image by Brian Leedy.


The best way to contact us is to stop in 15 minutes before any class! We would love to show you our wood floors, skylights, and airy studio. You are also welcome to give us a ring at (928) 774-3144, email us at info@northernarzionayogacenter.com, or fill out our form to the right!


Professor of philosophy in the early 1920s, the 20th-century French Catholic apologist Jacques Maritain (1882-1973) was an adherent of the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas (i.e., Thomism). He also edited the journal Revue universelle representing the anti-modern authoritarian Action francaise, a far-right-wing party led by monarchist Charles Marraus, with whom he worked closely.
Under the influence of Action francaise, Maritain wrote Antimoderne in 1922 and Trois reformatuers: Luther, Descartes, Rousseau in 1925, the latter a vituperative attack laced with ad hominem arguments. Maritain was probably blindsided when Pope Pius XI condemned Action francaise in 1926. Chastened, Maritain shifted his attention to more humanistic approaches to political and social issues.
But Catholic readership did not dismiss Three Reformers or, presumably, the philosophy or influence under which it was composed, since the book was translated into English and published in 1928 and reprinted in France in 1930. The book has been reprinted regularly. A compressed version of the section on Rousseau appears in a 1955 anthology titled The Political and Social Philosophy of Jacques Maritain, edited by Joseph W. Evans and Leo Ward (reprinted in 1965 and 1976) where Maritain's thoughts on Rousseau comprise chapter 10: "Solitude and the Community." Thus, Maritain's remarks here are still c considered representative.
Of Rousseau, Maritain quotes a popular contemporary French novelist Ramuz: "I have a deep affection for 'the lonely walker' in him; I hate the theorist." Here the distinction is made between Rousseau's last book (Reveries of a Solitary Walker) and all that preceded. Maritain argues that Rousseau extrapolated his personal misfortunes into an unnatural social theory, deliberately -- and erroneously -- blurring the important distinction between a physical and psychological solitude on the one hand and a social structure on the other.
Men naturally respect anchorites. They instinctively understand that the solitary life is of itself the most exempt from diminution and the nearest to divine things. ... In differing degrees, philosophers, poets, or contemplatives, those whose chief work is intellectual, know, too well that in man, social life is not the heroic life of the spirit, but the realm of mediocrity, and most often falsehood, There is the burden of the contingent and the sham, from which poets and artists, being free from the sensible, suffer the most sensitively, but not perhaps the most cruelly. Yet all need to live the social life, so far as the very life of the spirit must emerge from a human life, a rational life in the strict sense of the word.
The solitary life is not human; it is above or below man. [Quoting Thomas Aquinas:]" There is for men a double manner of being solitary. Either he is so because he cannot endure human society by reason of his temperament, propter animi saevitam, and that belongs to beasts. Or else it is because he cleaves wholly to divine things, and that is on the superhuman order. He who has no dealings with others, said Aristotle, is either a beast or a god."
Maritain notes, as so many others have, that Aristotle's aphorism applies to the solitary in both ways: the hermit is as a god (or close to the divine), or the solitary is bestial, savage, dumb. Typical human beings, nearly everyone else, are between the two extremes. To this point, Maritain's view is not controversial.
Conforming to Maritain's black-or-white, good-or-evil paradigm, solitude must be spiritual, for the spirit must govern, and is ordained by natural law (i.e., "set apart") to govern self. Anything else is bestial. Thus Maritain sustains the practice of the Catholic Church over the centuries that maintains a subordinate role for hermits versus monks or clergy, and a deep suspicion of independent hermits and hermit movements, however religious or spiritual their motive. Not surprisingly, then, that a secular philosopher like Rousseau, an established iconoclast, would be dismissed as a moral savage regardless of his psychology of solitude and merely for the fact of defending solitude for the non-religious.
Solitude ... only befits the contemplative who has already come to perfection either by the divine bounty alone ... or by the exercise of the virtues. And man cannot be exercised in the virtues without the help of the society of his fellow beings. ... Social life is necessary to the exercise of perfection, and that solitude befits souls already perfect.
Aquinas clearly wrote in an era dominated by religious unanimity and of religious orders and organizations uniformly dominating culture and society. In the Middle Ages, the rate of religious vocation was high and the integration of social order depended upon this cultural dominance. Such circumstances did not exist in the time of Rousseau, let alone Maritain, so the assumed social role of "fellow beings" argued by Maritain was not only anachronistic but quarrelsome. That perfection was a prerequisite to the pursuit of solitude in the era of Aquinas or earlier was reasonable, but the Church, much circumscribed and hemmed in by secular society during the Enlightenment, could only expect this standard for itself and its closest adherents. Further, "Solitude is the flower of life in community," says Maritain, " ... a social life which leads to the life of the spirit." The context is strictly monastic and historical, without even acknowledging what Rousseau is trying to say.
Having reconstructed the monastic ideals, Maritain inevitably finds Rousseau's idea of human nature to treat humans "as if they were perfect," with that perfection "a constituent of nature itself." But, on the contrary, Rousseau identifies modern society as irredeemably corrupt, which observation leads to considering socialization's flaws and their effects on the child and eventual adult. Bad psychology and values are imparted on a societal level to the individual, says Rousseau. Humans are not perfect in the state of nature, anymore than Adam and Eve were perfect in Paradise. They are simply not corrupted. They are not yet impacted by the social compromises and accommodations, and the psychological and moral pressures that inevitably emerge in incessant contact with other people.
Further, Maritain takes the two definitions of nature in Aquinas (accidental and essential) and argues that Rousseau confuses the two.
Because he [Rousseau] is of a religious temperament, and also because what good sense he has is solidly traditionalist, he returns to the notion of a nature ordered to an end by the wisdom of a good God. But because he is powerless to realize this notion intellectually, and to restore to it its metaphysical value and import, he insinuates it into the picture of a certain primitive, and, I may say, pre-cultural state, which exactly corresponds to the second sense of the word nature.
Maritain does not notice the error he commits regarding the nuances of Rousseau, who does not conflate the ideas of nature as Maritain accuses him of doing. Popular Christianity speaks loosely of "fallen man" as the essential character of the human being, not remembering that the Fall was an accidental event, not essential to human nature, at least according to the narrative of held belief. In short, it did not have to happen. Rousseau argues this true distinction: society (like the serpent in Genesis) prompts the Fall, but left to its own devices, human nature is benign and positive (though not perfect). Nature here is nether essentialist or metaphysical, representing Rousseau's firm understanding and underpinning, which Maritain fails to notice.
In a similar vein, Maritain quotes Aquinas on what the former calls Rousseau's "myth of Liberty." According to Maritain, Rousseau tolerates "no kind of submission to a master or rule over a subject." In contrast, argues Maritain, Aquinas does not address someone in charge to equate to mere subjugation. Of course, the notion of governance is far more complex. Rousseau's tenet of equality is similarly reduced to confusion with justice, where Aquinas would propose just recompense, but thereby preserving the very abuses of societal class and power that Rousseau opposes.
Rousseau's politics are dismissed as "absurdly utopia," attempting to "make a society with individuals all perfectly free and equal." Maritain does not directly sustain his contemporary social order, nor did Rousseau, who was at least entirely conscious of the hypothetical nature of his observations and ideals. Rousseau key ideas of the social contract and general will are likewise readily dismissed, reflecting Maritain's thoroughly anti-democratic point of view at the time of writing.
the peculiar myth, the spiritual principle, of modern Democracy, absolutely opposed to Christian law which would have sovereignty derive from God as its first origin and only pass through the people in order to reside in the man or men charged with the care of the common good.
Rousseau calls his form of government a republic, a notion not palatable with Maritain's monarchist circle, a familiar advocacy of monarchism originating in Catholic traditionalist thinkers: Joseph de Maistre, Juan Donoso Cortes, and Jaime Balmes. To Maritain, a republic obviously eliminates the options for an aristocratic or monarchical regime. Options such as "modern Democracy" were intolerable.
Rousseau anticipates within his ideal republic the rise of "legislators" naturally emerging as popular representatives. But that Rousseau had such ambitions for himself, according to Maritain, seems today ridiculous, especially in light of Rousseau's latent desire for a life of solitude. The unmollified Maritain further argues, also ridiculously, that Rousseau inspired Germany to wage World War I, a statement that would have pleased Action francaise but removes Maritain's essay from the hope of a clear scholarly or even popularized treatment of the historical Rousseau and of historical solitude.
Jacques Maritain: Trois réformateurs: Luther--Descartes--Rousseau. Paris: Plon, 1925; Three Reformers: Luther, Descartes, Rousseau. London: Sheed & Ward and New York: Scribner's, 1928; successive reprints, including online http://www.archive.org/details/threereformerslu001518mbp and selection in The Social and Political Philosophy of Jacques Maritain; selected readings by Joseph W. Evans and Leo R. Ward. New York: Scribner's, 1955.


text:
Q: Proving that out of all the possible n-gons that exist in the unit circle, the one with the maximum possible perimeter is the regular $n$-gon. So in the context of my Convex Analysis studies, I have come across this problem:

*

*First I have to prove that $ - \sin x $ is convex over $[0, \pi]$. That's easy enough using the second derivative theorem.

*Now, using the answer from above, I have to prove that  out of all possible $n$-gons that can be specified on the unitary circle, the one with the maximum possible perimeter is the normal $n$-gon.

My geometric intuition is not good, and I cannot figure out how to do this using the tools from Convex Analysis. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

A: I can't really improve on @person's answer other than some convex stuff.
The problem is $\min \{ N(x) | 0 \le x_k \le \pi, \sum_k x_k = 2 \pi \}$, where
$N(x) = -\sum_k 2 \sin { x_k \over 2} $. Given the restriction on the arguments, we see that $N$ is convex. Since the feasible set is compact, there is a solution. Note that if $x$ is a solution, then so is $\Pi x$ for any permutation $\Pi$. Let ${\cal P}$ be the set of permutations. Since $N$ is convex, we have
$N( {1 \over |{\cal P}|}\sum_\Pi \Pi x) \le {1 \over |{\cal P}|} \sum_\Pi N(\Pi x) = N(x)$, and so a solution of the form $(\theta,...,\theta)$ exists ($\theta = {2 \pi \over n}$, of course).
A little more work shows that $N''>0$ and so $N$ is strictly convex, hence the solution is unique.

A: Convexity Approach
Let $\theta_k$ be the angle subtended by side $k$ as viewed from the center of the circle. The perimeter of the polygon is
$$
2\sum_{k=1}^n\sin(\theta_k/2)
$$
$\sin(x)$ is concave on $[0,\pi]$. This means that
$$
\sin\left(\frac{\theta_k/2+\theta_{k+1}/2}2\right)\ge\frac{\sin(\theta_k/2)+\sin(\theta_{k+1}/2)}2
$$
If two adjacent sides are not equal, then replacing them with equal sides subtending the average of their angles will not decrease the perimeter. Thus, we see that a regular polygon will give the maximum perimeter.

Variational Approach
For simplicity of notation, let the indices be cyclic; i.e. $x_0=x_n$ and $x_1=x_{n+1}$.
For all $\delta x_k$ that maintain $|x_k|=1$, that is,
$$
x_k\cdot\delta x_k=0\tag1
$$
we want
$$
\begin{align}
0
&=\delta\sum_{k=1}^n|x_k-x_{k-1}|\tag{2a}\\
&=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{x_k-x_{k-1}}{|x_k-x_{k-1}|}\cdot\delta(x_k-x_{k-1})\tag{2b}\\
&=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{x_k-x_{k-1}}{|x_k-x_{k-1}|}\cdot\delta x_k-\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\frac{x_{k+1}-x_k}{|x_{k+1}-x_k|}\cdot \delta x_k\tag{2c}\\
&=\sum_{k=1}^n\left(\frac{x_k-x_{k-1}}{|x_k-x_{k-1}|}+\frac{x_k-x_{k+1}}{|x_{k+1}-x_k|}\right)\cdot\delta x_k\tag{2d}
\end{align}
$$
Explanation:
$\text{(2a)}$: to maximize the perimeter, the variation of the perimeter must be $0$
$\text{(2b)}$: chain rule
$\text{(2c)}$: split the sum and reindex the second sum
$\text{(2d)}$: apply the cyclic indices and combine the sums
Orthogonality says that to get $(2)$ for all $\delta x_k$ that satisfy $(1)$, there must be a constant $\lambda$ so that
$$
\begin{align}
\lambda x_k
&=\frac{x_k-x_{k-1}}{|x_k-x_{k-1}|}+\frac{x_k-x_{k+1}}{|x_{k+1}-x_k|}\tag{3a}\\[3pt]
&=2\cos(\theta_k/2)\,x_k\tag{3b}
\end{align}
$$
$\text{(3a)}$: compare $(1)$ and $(2)$
$\text{(3b)}$: the sum of two unit vectors is a vector of length
$\phantom{\text{(3b):}}$ $2\cos(\theta/2)$ in the direction of their bisector,
$\phantom{\text{(3b):}}$ where $\theta$ is the angle between the unit vectors

Since $2\cos(\theta_k/2)=\lambda$, we know that $\theta_k$ is the same for all $k$. This makes each triangle $(0,x_k,x_{k+1})$ isosceles and congruent. Thus, the polygon is regular.

A: Unfortunately I do not know Convex Analysis too well, but here is one possible answer using Jensen's inequality. Each one of the sides of a polygon must be a chord of the circle, and each chord has an angle which corresponds to it.

Consider $n$ such angles, $\{\theta_1,\theta_2, \dots ,\theta_n\}; \sum_{k=1}^n \theta_k = 2\pi; \theta_i < \pi$ , which correspond with these chords, which form the perimeter of a polygon. It is not too hard to prove that the length of each chord is $2\sin(\theta_i/2)$.
The perimeter would be the sum of the chords:
$$2\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(\theta_k/2)=P$$
Since sine is concave from 0 to $\pi$, we may use the concave version of Jensen's:
$$f(\frac1n\sum_{k=1}^nx_i)\geq\frac1n\sum_{k=1}^nf(x_i)$$
$f(x)=2\sin(x/2), x_i=\theta_i$:
$$2\sin(\frac1{2n}\sum_{k=1}^n\theta_k))\geq\frac1n2\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(\theta_k/2)$$
$$P=2\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(\theta_k/2)\leq2n\sin(\frac1{2n}\sum_{k=1}^n\theta_k))$$
$\sum_{k=1}^n \theta_k = 2\pi$:
$$P=2\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin(\theta_k/2)\leq2n\sin(\pi/n)$$
Now the current RHS is exactly what would happen if all of the $\theta_i$s were equal, and since every other case is lesser than that, we can see that the maximum possible perimeter is the regular polygon.
EDIT:
To prove that the length of the cord is $2 \sin(x/2)$ consider the following figure:

Where, given a circle of radius 1, we want to find the cord $CD$.
$AD=\cos(x)$, and so $DB=1-\cos(x)$.
$ABC$ is isosceles, so $\angle ACB=\angle ABC=\frac{\pi-x}2$
$\frac{DB}{\cos(\angle ABC)}=CB$, so substituting everything in, and using the double angle identity:
$$CB=\frac{1-\cos(x)}{\cos(\frac{\pi-x}2)}=\frac{1-(1-2\sin^2(x/2))}{\sin(x/2)}=\frac{2\sin^2(x/2)}{\sin(x/2)}=2\sin(x/2)$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tom Coyne, American Grammy award-winning music engineer, Died at 62
Tom Coyne was born on December 10, 1954, in Union, NJ and died on April 12, 2017.
He was an American mastering engineer.
Tom Coyne graduated from Roselle Catholic High School in 1972.
Coyne attended Kean College where he received a degree in Commercial Design.
After college, his first job was at Dick Charles Recording where Lee Hulko, former owner of Sterling Sound, got his first job in the states after arriving from Thunder Bay, ON.
During the six months Coyne worked at Dick Charles he watched Dick master records on the lathe and soon began cutting his own after hours.
Then, he was hired at Frankford/Wayne Mastering Labs, assisting under Dominic Romeo, known for cutting 45's for The Rolling Stones, The The Four Seasons, Frankie Valli and Dionne Warwick among others.
Then, the following next ten years, Coyne primarily cut records for dance bands with his first big record being "Ladies Night" by Kool and the Gang.
During 1989, Coyne was hired by the Hit Factory where he spent another five years mastering mostly Hip-Hop and R&B records by artists such as Black Box, Billy Ocean, Tribe Called Quest and De la Soul.
During 1994, he was offered a job by Lee Hulko who now operated Sterling Sound.
During 1998, Coyne, Ted Jensen, Greg Calbi, Murat Aktar (Absolute Audio co-founder) and the UK based Metropolis bought Sterling Sound from Lee Hulko.
Tom Coyne passed away 62 years old.
<< Kathleen Cassello, American operatic soprano, Died at 58 Peggy Hayama, Japanese singer, Died at 83 >>


text:
class ProjectileJacobShock : public Projectile
{
public:
	ProjectileJacobShock(bool bDirection, int xPos, int yPos);
	virtual ~ProjectileJacobShock();

	HPTRect &GetWeaponBounds();

	virtual void Update();
};

#endif // !defined(AFX_PROJECTILEJACOBSHOCK_H__F5680667_EFFC_4A01_8B52_D35338814E25__INCLUDED_)


text:
Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94
James O' Hanlon*, J.G. Ramaekers
The review summarizes the major results of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled, volunteer studies undertaken by three independent institutions for showing the effects on actual driving performance of ''sedating'' and ''nonsedating'' antihistamines (respectively, triprolidine, diphenhydramine, clemastine and terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, acrivastine, mizolastine, and ebastine). A common, standardized test was used that measures driving impairment from vehicular ''weaving'' (i.e., standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP)). Logical relationships were found between impairment and dose, time after dosing, and repeated doses over 4-5 days. The newer drugs were generally less impairing, but differences existed among their effects, and none was unimpairing at doses 1-2 x the currently recommended levels. One or possibly two of the newer drugs possessed both performance-enhancing and -impairing properties, depending on dose, suggesting two mechanisms of action.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x
10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x
O' Hanlon, J., & Ramaekers, J. G. (1995). Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94. Allergy, 50, 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x
O' Hanlon, James ; Ramaekers, J.G. / Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94. In: Allergy. 1995 ; Vol. 50. pp. 234-242.
@article{0b93212fe2cc45c48475260496f08cf3,
title = "Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94",
abstract = "The review summarizes the major results of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled, volunteer studies undertaken by three independent institutions for showing the effects on actual driving performance of ''sedating'' and ''nonsedating'' antihistamines (respectively, triprolidine, diphenhydramine, clemastine and terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, acrivastine, mizolastine, and ebastine). A common, standardized test was used that measures driving impairment from vehicular ''weaving'' (i.e., standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP)). Logical relationships were found between impairment and dose, time after dosing, and repeated doses over 4-5 days. The newer drugs were generally less impairing, but differences existed among their effects, and none was unimpairing at doses 1-2 x the currently recommended levels. One or possibly two of the newer drugs possessed both performance-enhancing and -impairing properties, depending on dose, suggesting two mechanisms of action.",
author = "{O' Hanlon}, James and J.G. Ramaekers",
doi = "10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x",
journal = "Allergy",
O' Hanlon, J & Ramaekers, JG 1995, 'Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94', Allergy, vol. 50, pp. 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x
Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94. / O' Hanlon, James; Ramaekers, J.G.
In: Allergy, Vol. 50, 01.01.1995, p. 234-242.
T1 - Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94
AU - O' Hanlon, James
AU - Ramaekers, J.G.
N2 - The review summarizes the major results of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled, volunteer studies undertaken by three independent institutions for showing the effects on actual driving performance of ''sedating'' and ''nonsedating'' antihistamines (respectively, triprolidine, diphenhydramine, clemastine and terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, acrivastine, mizolastine, and ebastine). A common, standardized test was used that measures driving impairment from vehicular ''weaving'' (i.e., standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP)). Logical relationships were found between impairment and dose, time after dosing, and repeated doses over 4-5 days. The newer drugs were generally less impairing, but differences existed among their effects, and none was unimpairing at doses 1-2 x the currently recommended levels. One or possibly two of the newer drugs possessed both performance-enhancing and -impairing properties, depending on dose, suggesting two mechanisms of action.
AB - The review summarizes the major results of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled, volunteer studies undertaken by three independent institutions for showing the effects on actual driving performance of ''sedating'' and ''nonsedating'' antihistamines (respectively, triprolidine, diphenhydramine, clemastine and terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, acrivastine, mizolastine, and ebastine). A common, standardized test was used that measures driving impairment from vehicular ''weaving'' (i.e., standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP)). Logical relationships were found between impairment and dose, time after dosing, and repeated doses over 4-5 days. The newer drugs were generally less impairing, but differences existed among their effects, and none was unimpairing at doses 1-2 x the currently recommended levels. One or possibly two of the newer drugs possessed both performance-enhancing and -impairing properties, depending on dose, suggesting two mechanisms of action.
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O' Hanlon J, Ramaekers JG. Antihistamine effects on actual driving performance in a standard test: a summary of Dutch experience, 1989-94. Allergy. 1995 Jan 1;50:234-242. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01140.x


text:
The March '01 Lee Jr.
elegance to the end 3
This list was submitted by USER03570 on Wednesday, March 21st, 2001 at 8:10 AM PST for The March '01 Lee Jr..
10 Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon March 30th, 2002 94
9 Gabriel Garcia Marquez April 17th, 2014 87
8 Madame Chiang Kai-Shek October 23rd, 2003 106
7 Tenzin Gyatso Alive ?
6 Lou Boudreau August 10th, 2001 84
5 Rosa Parks October 24th, 2005 92
4 John Gotti June 10th, 2002 ?
3 Estee Lauder April 24th, 2004 97
2 Yasser Arafat November 11th, 2004 75
1 Bob Hope July 27th, 2003 100
Every year. This happens EVERY year. You look to start the year off with someone you can REALLY make fun of. Someone crazy, or self absorbed, or stupid, or whatever. We get THIS guy. Yeah - is in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, but in the section titled "The guys who never did anything dangerous - ever". Gonna be a good year.
(d) January 3rd, 2014


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text:
Map of Freedom in the World (2007 Edition)
http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=363&year=2007
Someone accidentally posted this link in an IRC channel and since I was curious I checked it out. It's a pretty nice and functional map of freedom in the world, mapping countries in three categories: not free, partly free and free.
From a quick survey of the map it looks like the half of the world, and counting such highly populated places like China, even more than half live without essential freedoms, which is quite sad.
Free! Why $0.00 Is the Future of Business
By memenode on 29 Feb 2008
http://www.wired.com/techbiz/it/magazine/16-03/ff_free
An excellent article about how digital technology allowed whole industries to evolve around providing their content and services for zero cost to the user. The sidebar features are also quite potentially useful.
I would also like to point out to a critique as well as an excellent comment to one of the posts the critique post linked which was aptly titled: "Incredible stupidity relating to online free".
Howard Rheingold talks about exploring cooperation
http://www.ted.com/talks/view/id/216
I recommend viewing this talk (you can do it directly if you have flash, or install miro and add a TED channel to it which is a better option ). It talks about things like Prisoners Dilemma and how people are increasingly escaping it by cooperating, by turning distrust into assurance.
participation economy
What Our Top Spy Doesn't Get: Security and Privacy Aren't Opposites
By tbuitenh on 13 Feb 2008
http://www.wired.com/politics/security/commentary/securitymatters/2008...
Bruce Schneier explains security and privacy are the same. Very insightful.
With iPhone, 'Security' Is Code for 'Control'
Bruce Schneier explains the economics of lock-in.
lock-in
Wikidot now available on AGPLv3!
By michuk on 31 Jan 2008
http://polishlinux.org/vortal/wikidot-now-available-on-agplv3/
A great wiki engine used on Wikidot.com is now free software are Wikidot Inc owners: Pieter Hintjens and Piotr FrÄ…ckowiak, release the code on AGPLv3 license just today. This is great news for the Internet as Wikidot is one of the most advanced wiki engines out there, leaving MediaWiki and TWiki far behind.
By memenode on 10 Nov 2007
http://www.freerice.com/
FreeRice.com is a site on which you can make a small difference in helping the poor by developing your vocabulary skills. What you do is simply click on the correct meaning of a given word. As you keep doing that, three advertisements display on the bottom of the site which pay for the rice. Every correct answer means 10 grains of rice.
Video Excerpts from Freedom of Expression ®
By memenode on 18 Oct 2007
http://www.freedomofexpression.us/video.html
Here are some excellent video excerpts from a "Freedom of Expression®" movie, based on a book with the same title.
It is about copyright, its expansion and its negative effects on culture.
Free/Open Services Definiton
By tbuitenh on 26 Aug 2007
http://live.gnome.org/FreeOpenServicesDefinition
Another definition of free/open (web)service.
An Open Service Definition
http://opendefinition.org/osd/
A definition of free/open (web)service.


text:
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
//     This code was generated by a tool.
//     Runtime Version: 15.0.0.0
//
//     Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
//     the code is regenerated.
// </auto-generated>
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace WebApiProxy.Server.Templates
{
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System;

    /// <summary>
    /// Class to produce the template output
    /// </summary>

    #line 1 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
    [global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating", "15.0.0.0")]
    public partial class JsProxyTemplate : JsProxyTemplateBase
    {
#line hidden
        /// <summary>
        /// Create the template output
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string TransformText()
        {
            this.Write("\r\n(function ($) {\r\n    \"use strict\";\r\n\r\n    if (!$) {\r\n        throw \"jQuery is r" +
                    "equired\";\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    $.proxies = $.proxies || {\r\n        baseUrl: \"");

            #line 15 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(this.Metadata.Host));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("\"\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    function getQueryString(params, queryString) {\r\n        queryStr" +
                    "ing = queryString || \"\";\r\n        for (var prop in params) {\r\n            if (pa" +
                    "rams.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {\r\n                var val = getArgValue(params[prop]" +
                    ");\r\n                if (val === null) continue;\r\n\r\n                if (\"\" + val " +
                    "=== \"[object Object]\") {\r\n                    queryString = getQueryString(param" +
                    "s[prop], queryString);\r\n                    continue;\r\n                }\r\n\r\n    " +
                    "            if (queryString.length) {\r\n                    queryString += \"&\";\r\n" +
                    "                } else {\r\n                    queryString += \"?\";\r\n             " +
                    "   }\r\n                queryString = queryString + prop + \"=\" + val;\r\n           " +
                    " }\r\n        }\r\n        return queryString;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function getArgValue(va" +
                    "l) {\r\n        if (val === undefined || val === null) return null;\r\n        retur" +
                    "n val;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function invoke(url, type, urlParams, body) {\r\n        var " +
                    "ajaxOptions = $.extend({}, this.defaultOptions, {\r\n            url: $.proxies.ba" +
                    "seUrl + url,\r\n            type: type,\r\n            beforeSend: function (xhr) {\r" +
                    "\n                if (typeof (webApiAuthToken) != \"undefined\" && webApiAuthToken." +
                    "length > 0)\r\n                    xhr.setRequestHeader(\"Authorization\", \"Bearer \"" +
                    " + webApiAuthToken);\r\n            },\r\n        });\r\n\r\n        if (body) {\r\n      " +
                    "      ajaxOptions.data = body;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        if (this.antiForgeryToken) " +
                    "{\r\n            var token = $.isFunction(this.antiForgeryToken) ? this.antiForger" +
                    "yToken() : this.antiForgeryToken;\r\n            if (token) {\r\n                aja" +
                    "xOptions.headers = ajaxOptions.headers || {};\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n\r\n     " +
                    "   return $.ajax(ajaxOptions);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function defaultAntiForgeryTokenAcc" +
                    "essor() {\r\n        return $(\"input[name=__RequestVerificationToken]\").val();\r\n  " +
                    "  }\r\n\r\n    function endsWith(str, suffix) {\r\n        return str.indexOf(suffix, " +
                    "str.length - suffix.length) !== -1;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function appendPathDelimiter(u" +
                    "rl) {\r\n        if (!endsWith(url, \'/\')) {\r\n            return url + \'/\';\r\n      " +
                    "  }\r\n\r\n        return url;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    /* Proxies */\r\n\r\n    ");

            #line 88 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
 foreach(var definition in this.Metadata.Definitions) {

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("$.proxies.");

            #line 89 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(definition.Name.ToLower()));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(" = {\r\n        defaultOptions: {},\r\n        antiForgeryToken: defaultAntiForgeryTo" +
                    "kenAccessor,\r\n");

            #line 92 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
 foreach(var method in definition.ActionMethods) {
    var allParameters = method.UrlParameters.AsEnumerable();

    if (method.BodyParameter != null)
        allParameters = allParameters.Concat(new [] { method.BodyParameter });

    var selectedParameters = allParameters.Where(m => m != null).Select(m => m.Name).ToList();
    selectedParameters.Add("options");

    var parameterList = string.Join(",", selectedParameters);

    var url = ("\"" + method.Url.Replace("{", "\" + ")
        .Replace("}", " + \"") + "\"")
        .Replace(" + \"\"","");

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("        ");

            #line 107 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(method.Name.ToCamelCasing()));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(": function(");

            #line 107 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(parameterList));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(") {\r\n            var defaults = { fields: [] };\r\n            var settings = $.ext" +
                    "end({}, defaults, options || {});\r\n            var url\t     = ");

            #line 110 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(url));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(";\r\n\r\n            if(settings.fields.length > 0) {\r\n                url +=  url.in" +
                    "dexOf(\"?\") == -1 ? \"?\" : \"&\";\r\n                url += \"fields=\" + settings.field" +
                    "s.join();\r\n            }\r\n\r\n            return invoke.call(this, url, \"");

            #line 117 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(method.Type.ToString().ToLower()));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("\",");

            #line 117 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"

        if (method.UrlParameters.Any())
        {
            var parameters = string.Join(", ", method.UrlParameters.Select(parameter => $"{parameter.Name}: {parameter.Name}"));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(" { ");

            #line 121 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(parameters));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(" }");

            #line 121 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"

        }
        else
        {

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("{}");

            #line 125 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"

        }
        if (method.BodyParameter != null)
        {

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(", ");

            #line 129 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
            this.Write(this.ToStringHelper.ToStringWithCulture(method.BodyParameter.Name));

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(");");

            #line 129 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"

        }
        else
        {

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(");");

            #line 133 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"

        }

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("\r\n        },\r\n");

            #line 137 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
 }

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write(" \r\n    };\r\n    ");

            #line 139 "C:\Development\WebApiProxy\WebApiProxy.Server\Templates\JsProxyTemplate.tt"
 }

            #line default
            #line hidden
            this.Write("\r\n}(jQuery));\r\n");
            return this.GenerationEnvironment.ToString();
        }
    }

    #line default
    #line hidden
    #region Base class
    /// <summary>
    /// Base class for this transformation
    /// </summary>
    [global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating", "15.0.0.0")]
    public class JsProxyTemplateBase
    {
        #region Fields
        private global::System.Text.StringBuilder generationEnvironmentField;
        private global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerErrorCollection errorsField;
        private global::System.Collections.Generic.List<int> indentLengthsField;
        private string currentIndentField = "";
        private bool endsWithNewline;
        private global::System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<string, object> sessionField;
        #endregion
        #region Properties
        /// <summary>
        /// The string builder that generation-time code is using to assemble generated output
        /// </summary>
        protected System.Text.StringBuilder GenerationEnvironment
        {
            get
            {
                if ((this.generationEnvironmentField == null))
                {
                    this.generationEnvironmentField = new global::System.Text.StringBuilder();
                }
                return this.generationEnvironmentField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.generationEnvironmentField = value;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The error collection for the generation process
        /// </summary>
        public System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerErrorCollection Errors
        {
            get
            {
                if ((this.errorsField == null))
                {
                    this.errorsField = new global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerErrorCollection();
                }
                return this.errorsField;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// A list of the lengths of each indent that was added with PushIndent
        /// </summary>
        private System.Collections.Generic.List<int> indentLengths
        {
            get
            {
                if ((this.indentLengthsField == null))
                {
                    this.indentLengthsField = new global::System.Collections.Generic.List<int>();
                }
                return this.indentLengthsField;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the current indent we use when adding lines to the output
        /// </summary>
        public string CurrentIndent
        {
            get
            {
                return this.currentIndentField;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Current transformation session
        /// </summary>
        public virtual global::System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<string, object> Session
        {
            get
            {
                return this.sessionField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.sessionField = value;
            }
        }
        #endregion
        #region Transform-time helpers
        /// <summary>
        /// Write text directly into the generated output
        /// </summary>
        public void Write(string textToAppend)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(textToAppend))
            {
                return;
            }
            // If we're starting off, or if the previous text ended with a newline,
            // we have to append the current indent first.
            if (((this.GenerationEnvironment.Length == 0)
                        || this.endsWithNewline))
            {
                this.GenerationEnvironment.Append(this.currentIndentField);
                this.endsWithNewline = false;
            }
            // Check if the current text ends with a newline
            if (textToAppend.EndsWith(global::System.Environment.NewLine, global::System.StringComparison.CurrentCulture))
            {
                this.endsWithNewline = true;
            }
            // This is an optimization. If the current indent is "", then we don't have to do any
            // of the more complex stuff further down.
            if ((this.currentIndentField.Length == 0))
            {
                this.GenerationEnvironment.Append(textToAppend);
                return;
            }
            // Everywhere there is a newline in the text, add an indent after it
            textToAppend = textToAppend.Replace(global::System.Environment.NewLine, (global::System.Environment.NewLine + this.currentIndentField));
            // If the text ends with a newline, then we should strip off the indent added at the very end
            // because the appropriate indent will be added when the next time Write() is called
            if (this.endsWithNewline)
            {
                this.GenerationEnvironment.Append(textToAppend, 0, (textToAppend.Length - this.currentIndentField.Length));
            }
            else
            {
                this.GenerationEnvironment.Append(textToAppend);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Write text directly into the generated output
        /// </summary>
        public void WriteLine(string textToAppend)
        {
            this.Write(textToAppend);
            this.GenerationEnvironment.AppendLine();
            this.endsWithNewline = true;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Write formatted text directly into the generated output
        /// </summary>
        public void Write(string format, params object[] args)
        {
            this.Write(string.Format(global::System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, format, args));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Write formatted text directly into the generated output
        /// </summary>
        public void WriteLine(string format, params object[] args)
        {
            this.WriteLine(string.Format(global::System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, format, args));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Raise an error
        /// </summary>
        public void Error(string message)
        {
            System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError error = new global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError();
            error.ErrorText = message;
            this.Errors.Add(error);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Raise a warning
        /// </summary>
        public void Warning(string message)
        {
            System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError error = new global::System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError();
            error.ErrorText = message;
            error.IsWarning = true;
            this.Errors.Add(error);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Increase the indent
        /// </summary>
        public void PushIndent(string indent)
        {
            if ((indent == null))
            {
                throw new global::System.ArgumentNullException("indent");
            }
            this.currentIndentField = (this.currentIndentField + indent);
            this.indentLengths.Add(indent.Length);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Remove the last indent that was added with PushIndent
        /// </summary>
        public string PopIndent()
        {
            string returnValue = "";
            if ((this.indentLengths.Count > 0))
            {
                int indentLength = this.indentLengths[(this.indentLengths.Count - 1)];
                this.indentLengths.RemoveAt((this.indentLengths.Count - 1));
                if ((indentLength > 0))
                {
                    returnValue = this.currentIndentField.Substring((this.currentIndentField.Length - indentLength));
                    this.currentIndentField = this.currentIndentField.Remove((this.currentIndentField.Length - indentLength));
                }
            }
            return returnValue;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Remove any indentation
        /// </summary>
        public void ClearIndent()
        {
            this.indentLengths.Clear();
            this.currentIndentField = "";
        }
        #endregion
        #region ToString Helpers
        /// <summary>
        /// Utility class to produce culture-oriented representation of an object as a string.
        /// </summary>
        public class ToStringInstanceHelper
        {
            private System.IFormatProvider formatProviderField  = global::System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
            /// <summary>
            /// Gets or sets format provider to be used by ToStringWithCulture method.
            /// </summary>
            public System.IFormatProvider FormatProvider
            {
                get
                {
                    return this.formatProviderField ;
                }
                set
                {
                    if ((value != null))
                    {
                        this.formatProviderField  = value;
                    }
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// This is called from the compile/run appdomain to convert objects within an expression block to a string
            /// </summary>
            public string ToStringWithCulture(object objectToConvert)
            {
                if ((objectToConvert == null))
                {
                    throw new global::System.ArgumentNullException("objectToConvert");
                }
                System.Type t = objectToConvert.GetType();
                System.Reflection.MethodInfo method = t.GetMethod("ToString", new System.Type[] {
                            typeof(System.IFormatProvider)});
                if ((method == null))
                {
                    return objectToConvert.ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    return ((string)(method.Invoke(objectToConvert, new object[] {
                                this.formatProviderField })));
                }
            }
        }
        private ToStringInstanceHelper toStringHelperField = new ToStringInstanceHelper();
        /// <summary>
        /// Helper to produce culture-oriented representation of an object as a string
        /// </summary>
        public ToStringInstanceHelper ToStringHelper
        {
            get
            {
                return this.toStringHelperField;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
    #endregion
}


Smith received the award at a star-studded awards ceremony at the Royal Opera House in London, hosted by actor Samuel L. Jackson. Smith's award was presented by Disclosure, who have previous collaborated with Smith on such tracks as 'Latch'.
Smith's first studio album, In the Lonely Hour, recently broke records but Smith has decided to take his time in releasing a new album. Speaking to the BBC, Smith revealed he is worried his fans may get "bored" of him if he produces anything too soon.
"It's not going to be any time soon I think people are going to get bored of me if I carry on, I'm just trying to make it the most honest work I've ever done," Smith said. "I'm writing when I want to, so when bad things happen in my life I'm going into the studio and writing about it."
Other winners at the GQ awards Man of the Year Awards were: Will Ferrell (Comedian), Christoph Waltz (Actor), Paul Rudd (Leading Man), Lewis Hamilton (Sportsman) and Emilia Clarke (Woman of the Year).


text:
Air Arabia Orders 120 Airbus A320neo Family Aircraft
Airbus20.11.2019 Aviation
Air Arabia, the Middle East and North Africa's first and largest low cost carrier, has signed a firm order for 120 Airbus aircraft comprising 73 A320neos, 27 A321neos and 20 A321XLRs.
The agreement was signed at the 2019 Dubai Airshow in the presence of Air Arabia's Chairman Sheikh Abdullah Bin Mohammed Al Thani, Adel Al Ali, Chief Executive Officer Air Arabia and Guillaume Faury, Airbus Chief Executive Officer.
Adel Al Ali, Group Chief Executive Officer of Air Arabia, said: "Air Arabia's fleet growth strategy has always been driven by commercial demand and we are glad to announce today one of the region's largest single-aisle orders with Airbus to support our growth plans. This new milestone underpins not only our solid financial fundamentals but also the strength of our multi-hub growth strategy that we have adopted over the years while remaining focused on efficiency, performance and passenger experience."
He added: "The addition of the A320neo, A321neo and A321XLR complements our existing fleet and allows us to expand our service to farther and newer destinations while remaining loyal to our low-cost business model. We look forward to working with Airbus and receiving the first delivery."
Christian Scherer, Airbus Chief Commercial Officer said: "We are delighted to expand our partnership with Air Arabia, this is a great endorsement for the A320neo Family which will allow the airline to tap into new markets. We are committed to supporting the fast expansion of Air Arabia and the region."
Air Arabia is an all Airbus operator with a total fleet of 54 A320 Family aircraft including the A321LR. All aircraft will feature a comfortable single-class cabin with one of the most generous seat pitches today.
The A321XLR is the next evolutionary step from the A321LR which responds to market needs for even more range and payload, creating more value for the airlines. From 2023, it will deliver an unprecedented Xtra Long Range of up to 4,700nm – 15% more than the A321LR and with 30% lower fuel burn per seat compared with previous generation competitor aircraft.
Featuring the widest single-aisle cabin in the sky, the best-selling A320neo Family, comprising the A319neo, A320neo, and A321neo, deliver at least 20% reduced fuel burn as well as 50% less noise compared to previous generation aircraft, thanks to incorporating the very latest technologies including new generation engines and Sharklets. At the end of October 2019, the A320neo Family had received more than 7,000 firm orders from over 110 customers worldwide.
Airbus is a global leader in aeronautics, space and related services. In 2018, it generated revenues of € 64 billion and employed a workforce of around 134,000.
Airbus offers the most comprehensive range of passenger airliners. Airbus is also a European leader providing tanker, combat, transport and mission aircraft, as well as one of the world's leading space companies. In helicopters, Airbus provides the most efficient civil and military rotorcraft solutions worldwide.
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flynas Carries 7.6 Million Passengers in 2019
flynas, the Saudi national air carrier and leading low-cost airline in the Middle East, has added a series of achievements in 2019
GACA Participates in Kuwait Air Show 2020
Saudi Arabia's General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) is participating in Kuwait Air Show 2020 in its second edition.Held under
Airport Show 2020 to Debate Future Passenger Experience
Titans of the aviation industry from across the world will assemble in Dubai in mid-June next year to debate topics related to the
Strata, Leonardo Extend 10-Year Collaboration
Strata Manufacturing (Strata), the advanced composite aero-structures manufacturing company wholly owned by Mubadala Investment
Emirates President Tim Clark to Retire in June 2020
Emirates President and aviation industry veteran Sir Tim Clark will retire next year after more than three decades at the world's
Egypt Names New Civil Aviation Minister
Succeeding Younes Al-Masri, the former training cadre at the civil aviation sector of Egypt Mohamed Manar is the newly appointed Civil


Aaron Rodgers - Aaron Rodgers has had a couple of injuries over the last few seasons, playing just nine games in 2013, and seven in 2013. Rodgers suffered a knee injury in Week 1 against Chicago, which looked like it could have been season-ending. Rodgers trotted back out and pulled off a come from behind win. Rodgers is likely going to be questionable both weeks, and while we don't know the true extent of the injury, it is serious enough to where it won't fully heal. Rodgers will turn to a large brace, and given he is a freak athlete, Rodgers on one leg is better than some on two.
Kyle Murphy - Kyle Murphy is one of those depth chart pieces that won't standout, but was a big part of the depth on the line. Green Bay has struggled with injuries on the line, and with Rodgers banged up and less mobile, this is not what you want to see. He was placed on injured reserve in early September, and it is unlikely we see him this season. They will be thin on the line, with no margin for injuries.
Kevin King - This was an area that was banged up last season, and it has already begun in 2018. Kevin King suffered a groin injury early on in the season, and this is coming off a late season injury where he hurt his shoulder. King is a younger cornerback out of Washington, and was on the other side of Tramon Williams heading into the season. King's injury could push Jaire Alexander and Josh Jackson up a slot. The safeties will also need to pick up their play, or generate a pass rush.
Whenever your franchise quarterback goes down, things are not going to go well. That was the case for Aaron Rodgers twice. The teams were not good enough to survive the injuries, and the backup play was not good enough either. Rodgers still has some years left, but the Packers did miss out on two seasons where Rodgers could have given them a Super Bowl run. Desmond King tore his hamstring back in 2012, which placed their starting linebacker on the injury reserve before the season even started. They parted ways the season later. Bryan Bulaga tore his ACL in 2017, and is still working his way back from injury. Bulaga is a big part of the offensive line, and a full recovery will be key for Green Bay. If not, this line will need to look for someone else, and also some depth to help fill-in. Jordy Nelson tore his ACL back in 2015, and this set forth a lot more injury problems. His hip and back were also issues in the later stages of his career. Nelson, when healthy, was a joy to watch with Rodgers. Nelson was the top wideout in Green Bay for many years, and the latter stages were more injury plagued.


text:
HomeSacred Reich
Sepultura Announce 2022 North American Tour with Crowbar and Sacred Reich
Last we heard from Brazilian thrash metal bruisers Sepultura was in May, when the band posted a video of them playing their classic song "Refuse/Resist" live in quarantine. Now, Sepultura have announced a rescheduled North […]
Sacred Reich Frontman Starts GoFundMe to Help Pay for Wife's Brain Injury Recovery
Though Sacred Reich are known for their no-nonsense, hard-hitting thrash metal, frontman Phil Rind is one of the kinder souls out there. A soft-spoken Buddhist with an iconic smile, Rind has become one of those […]
See Reunited Thrash Pioneers Sacred Reich's Powerful Video for New Song "Manifest Reality"
Sacred Reich have unleashed a new song "Manifest Reality" off Awakening, the thrash stalwarts' first new album in 23 years, as long with its evocative music video, directed by Mark Pellington (U2, Foo Fighters, Pearl […]
Hear Sacred Reich's New Song "Awakening" Off First Album in 23 Years
The last six months have been huge for thrash icons Sacred Reich. In December, they announced the return of former drummer Dave McClain, following his split with Machine Head after 23 years in that band. McClain […]


The Ku-ring-gai and Hornsby Subregional Employment Study includes key observations and recommendations concerning employment lands within the North Subregion. The Study provides strategic direction for the future role and function of centres and employment lands, including the application of zones from the State Government's Standard Instrument and the confirmation of the commercial centre hierarchy contained in the Metropolitan Strategy.
The recommendations contained within the Study will be used to guide and inform Ku-ring-gai and Hornsby Shire Councils in the preparation of their Principal Local Environmental Plans (LEPs). It is acknowledged that the zone and land use recommendations contained within the Study do not represent a definitive list of uses and land zones and are intended as a guide only to assist the Councils in the progression of their Principal LEPs.
With respect to Dural Service Centre, the key finding of the Study is that generally the Centre should be zoned industrial with a limited area identified for the application of a business zoning for the purposes of servicing the centre, not the surrounding area.
Following the receipt of submissions, the Councils will be appropriately placed to continue discussions with the Department of Planning concerning how the various business zones under the Standard Instrument should to be applied to the centres within the Subregion.