text:
On the Word 'Conservative' by Peter Murphy
From Issue
The Transgender Craze Examined by Gergely Szilvay
'Rule of Law': Code for a 'Juristocratic' Europe? by Max-Erwann Gastineau
On the Word 'Conservative'
Modern societies that work well are conservative in that they have a strong sense of homeostasis. This is the sense of continually returning to a point of equilibrium. Upsets, changes, drives, and tensions occur along the way.
Peter Murphy — 09.07.21
The word conservative entered the English language as a loan word in the fourteenth century. The expression conservatyf was borrowed from an Old French word which was in turn derived from the Late Latin term conservare. Bundled along with this historical lineage was a richly layered set of meanings and some consequent puzzles. Conservare meant to keep intact, preserve, or guard. But preserve, guard, or keep intact what? The prefix con- gives us a hint. In Latin con- means together or with.
The word conservative has several component meanings. Conservare connotes something that is preserved with or together. The Latin servare has connotations of 'following, keeping, watching over, tending and retaining'. A sense of maintaining something is implied by the word. Meanwhile, the related Latin word serō means to 'to join, link or bind together' in some kind of a 'series, row, chain, series, sequence, or succession'. However, these word parts, rich in their own way, do not exhaust the meaning of conservative. To fully grasp the semantics of the word, we have to add to the ideas of keeping and linking in a series the significance of the prefix con-. That prefix has the connotation of something existing in a combination. That seemingly small semantic component ends up doing a lot of work, especially when conservative becomes a key word in the modern political vocabulary.
The explicitly political use of the term conservative takes off in the 1820s. The word had some prior para-political use in the English language. In the fifth edition of A Dictionary of the English Language (1784) Samuel Johnson defined conservative as 'having the power of opposing diminution or injury'—an interesting definition. The term was related to a 'conservatory', a 'place where a thing is kept'. In his Reflections on the Revolution in France(1790) Edmund Burke talked about 'the great conservatories and magazines of our rights and liberties'. However, it was not until after the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 that the word conservative began to emerge as a key term in the modern language of politics.
This development began around 1818. It was clearly motivated by a desire not to see a return of Jacobin or Napoleonic-style politics. In the United Kingdom, a group of Pittite Whigs formed a 'Conservative Association' in Gloucester in 1818. In the same year, across the Channel, the French anti-Bonapartist, royalist, romantic, and Catholic writer and diplomat Chateaubriand organized a short- lived royalist journal called Le Conservateur (he did this before his turn to liberal romanticism in the 1820s). Numerous aristocratic Whig factions dominated English parliamentary politics in the eighteenth century. The Pittite Whigs or self-described Independent Whigs were the most influential of these. In the 1830s they successfully transitioned from an aristocratic parliamentary faction into an early version of a modern, organized political party. In 1834 the Pittite Whigs officially renamed themselves the Conservative Party. By the 1840s the term conservative had become well- established in political discourse.
The suggestion that the word conservative should be used as the new name for the erstwhile Independent Whigs as they evolved in the age of Robert Peel is conventionally attributed to an anonymous article in theJanuary 1830 edition of the journal Quarterly Review. The article suggested that the 'New Tory' party of former Whigs led by Pitt and his successors (Portland, Perceval, and Liverpool) might better be named the Conservative Party. What is striking about the proposal is that ittapped into an ambidexterity long associated with the Independent Whig faction that formed around William Pitt the Younger and his factional successors. These were nominal ('independent') Whigs who drew substantial support from Tory members of Parliament. Thus the political conservative, at least in the English-speaking world, emerged in a space of dual allegiance, an ambidextrous space between Whig and Tory. That ambidexterity was not just the product of a transitional moment in British politics. Rather it spoke to something deeper about the nature of what a conservative is.
Timing was important in the evolution of the meaning of the term conservative.
It is no accident that the modern political use of the term takes off directly after the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815.The sudden adoption of the word into political discourse focused what had become a broad-based insistence that certain key things be preserved or guaranteed in light of the exhausting years of revolutionary and Bonapartist tumult and upheaval. But what exactly was to be preserved? Rights? Liberties? Royalty? Church? Nation? Was the word conservative simply a generic, all-purpose term directed against the experience of upheaval of any kind? Given the timing of its adoption into the language of politics immediately after the end of the Jacobin and Napoleonic age, it is fair to suppose that the word then strongly implied—as it continues to imply today—the idea of preserving things that are threatened by the destructive forces unleashed by modern revolutions, and by the delusional, splenetic, and unseemly agitations of numerous modern, romanticized political ideologies.
Over the past 250 years the appetite for revolution has recurred in numerous forms. It has been outwardly expressed in movements ranging from the Jacobins to the Maoists and from the Leninists to the Nazis. Inwardly it has been sublimated into numerous kinds of hyperbolic progressive, populist, and radical mentalities. Thus it seems reasonably easy to attribute to the word conservative a solidly negative meaning. It implies a rejection of extremism. This ignores, however, that at times the word has also been associated with a kind of romantic radicalism rooted particularly in the works, dating from the 1790s and early 1800s, of the German romantic philosopher Johann Fichte, and running through the well-known radical-conservative philosophical works of Friedrich Nietzsche and Martin Heidegger, as well as many associated varieties of aggressive nationalism, aristocratic radicalism, and despotic illiberalism. The radical conservative is the mirror image of the radical liberal-socialist, whose intellectual roots extend back to the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the mid-eighteenth century. Philosophical lineages of this type, however, tell us only so much. More important to understanding the difference between the conservative and the radical is their different kinds of imagination.
The conservative imagination looks to happiness and beauty; the radical imagination is enchanted by the romantic sublime. Since the middle of the eighteenth century, the beautiful and the sublime have charted different courses. Beauty is the outlook of someone who sees the world in terms of proportions rather than absolutes, and ratios rather than reasons. This is the worldview of one who supposes that the world advances not through linear progressions but instead through cycles. A person with an imagination attuned to the sublime tends to see the world in exaggerated and pessimistic terms. Their world is a dark place filled with crisis and catastrophe. Redressing this demands dramatic or extreme actions. A Robespierre or a Napoleon is required.
A single word can have many meanings. That is true of the term conservative as much as of any other word. On occasions the word even acquires radical overtones. It absorbs something of the revolutionary impulse that its etymology otherwise resists. Sometimes, likeHumpty Dumpty in Alice in Wonderland, we try and make words mean whatever we want them to mean. However, even though words are poly-semantic, they are not infinitely so. At times we stretch their meaning. On occasions we even invert their meaning. But, at the end of the day, the conservative is not a radical. There are some inversions that produce nonsense rather than common sense.
The idea of the radical conservative is a form of doublethink. It is akin to the slogans of the totalitarian Party in George Orwell's 1984, slogans such as freedom is slavery or war is peace. The precept of the Party was that truth is the communication of lies, and much is achieved by starvation. For all the greatness of Orwell's portrayal of totalitarian societies, there is a thread of socialist rationalism in his work. For while we cannot behave truthfully if we tell lies, Orwell's curiously rationalist insistence that we cannot simultaneously hold two opinions, knowing them to be contradictory yet believing in both of them—that is, that we cannot use logic against logic—is simply not the case. If Orwell were right then there would be no humour, wit, or irony in the world. That is, there would be no imagination in the world, or at least no constructive imagination. Our capacity to mock dictators and parody bumbling democrats would be sorely limited.
The old Pittite Whigs are a good example of the fact that we can simultaneously hold two opinions, knowing them to be contradictory yet believing in both.
The Pittite faction was both Whig and Tory, or in the language of the 1830s, a movement of 'new Tories'. Democratic politics is littered with examples of persons and groups with these kinds of dual allegiances. So while it is true that the conservative is not a radical, and the idea of the radical conservative is a kind of doublethink, the conservative mind, on the other hand, is ambidextrous, and routinely violates the rationalist prohibition that logic cannot be used against logic. What is the difference between these two cases? Truths are regularly conveyed in stories, myths, allegories, fictions (like 1984), analogies, and metaphors that are not deliberate lies, but that are also not propositional (A is X) truths either. We often express some things most interestingly in terms of other things. Yet there are also plenty of cases of doublethink, as when a political party knowingly tells a lie and claims that it is telling the truth. We have to be able to distinguish between doublethink and dual allegiances. At its heart, the conservative imagination is ambidextrous. It has a breadth of mind such that two opposed logics can be held simultaneously in appealing and constructive ways. As has been observed, the etymology of the word conservative implies that conservatives are persons who keep [servare] something. But what exactly do they keep? The word also implies that a conservative is a person who joins [serō] the present to the lineages of the past by repeating and extending these serially or sequentially. There is some truth in both the propositions about keeping and joining. Yet by themselves they leave out the con- in conservative. The word conservative is not simply a synonym for sequence or maintenance, even though it encapsulates both of those ideas. Rather more subtly, it evokes the way in which the unchangeable persists in and through change—and how change in turn relies on continuity. It is, as G. K. Chesterton understood, a paradox. What is preserved by the conservative is a combination of change and the unchanging. As Edmund Burke, himself an eighteenth-century Rockingham Whig, put it when discussing the French Revolution, 'a state without the means of some change is without the means of its conservation'. A good society, in his opinion, balances correction and conservation by altering direction while maintaining principle.
The paradox of the conservative is embedded in society in different ways. One of the principle ways this occurs in modern societies is through the processes of equilibria. The best-known example of this is markets. Many contemporary conservatives call themselves free-market conservatives. That is by no means true of all conservatives, but many do. As almost all observers will readily acknowledge, markets are dynamic. They change—not just yearly or across decades, but daily and even hourly. So what is intrinsically conservative about markets? The answer is equilibrium. Markets expand, reach a limit, decline, reach a new limit, and then expand once again—and they repeat this on and on in a cyclical fashion. Markets are collectively dynamic, in the sense that they tend to grow over time, but this long-term growth is a function of equilibria being continuously struck between increases and decreases in buying and selling.
Modern societies that work well are conservative in that they have a strong sense of homeostasis. This is the sense of continually returning to a point of equilibrium. Upsets, changes, drives, and tensions occur along the way. But these are societies that are good at balancing the ups and downs, positives and negatives, and accompanying costs and benefits. In the eighteenth century, the outcome of this process of dynamic equilibrium was called happiness. Happiness is a word that has, broadly speaking, dropped out of political vocabularies. Nonetheless, conservative societies are happy societies in no small part because the humble prefix con- is understood to be an essential part of the idea of being conservative. The word conservative implies not simply that a succession of things is prudently maintained, but also that various chains of things happily exist in combination with one another. The con- in conservative is what gives the conservative mind its imaginative force. Conversely, many things that are tacitly conservative derive from the operation of the imagination. The conservative imagination is a binding and combining force. It is what puts the syn- into every thesis.
There are many kinds of professed conservative. There are market conservatives, social conservatives, fiscal conservatives, liberal conservatives, national conservatives, populist conservatives, libertarian conservatives, traditionalist conservatives, neo-conservatives, natural law conservatives, and natural rights conservatives. Similarly, there are Burkean conservatives, Aristotelian conservatives, Platonic conservatives, Stoic conservatives, Sceptical conservatives, Augustinian conservatives, Calvinist conservatives, Hayekian conservatives, Schumpeterian conservatives, and on and on. A political and intellectual term like conservative is multi-faceted and fluid. Words with this kind of evocative power rarely have a fixed or narrow meaning. Which is why we qualify them. So a conservative becomes a free-market or a moral-integral or a techno-futurist conservative. But can all of these really be conservative? Is that not stretching credulity? Surely there must be 'true' conservatives as opposed to 'false' or pretend conservatives?
There is an important point of distinction that can be drawn between different kinds of conservative. This distinction paradoxically unites conservatives of many kinds, while separating others. This is the distinction between those who tacitly or intuitively emphasize the con- in conservative and those who tend to ignore it, downplay it, or dismiss it. The American political philosopher and conservative editor Frank Meyer argued for a 'double allegiance' to classic virtue and liberal freedom. The propensity of the conservative to 'fuse' outwardly contrary things is not an ideological impulse. Indeed, it is not an 'ism' of any kind, including 'conservatism'. Rather it is a disposition, the effect of the natural working of the side of the human imagination that has a proclivity for 'double allegiances'. Without fuss or contrivance, the conservative imagines things to be a combination of permanence and change. There are many ways of striking the balance between social continuity and dynamism. Different conservative currents and personalities imagine different kinds of syntheses and fusions. Some work better than others. Some succeed brilliantly, others fail miserably. None are perfect. There is no heaven on earth. Human nature and human societies are imperfect.
Conservatives are not the only fusionists.
Their imaginative synthesis of dual allegiances has its own duelling opposite: the imagination of the liberal statists. Both currents of modern thought and politics—conservative and liberal statist—emerged around the same time. Both have mutated, fragmented, and coalesced a great deal over the years. In the nineteenth century, classic liberalism tended to absorb much from the current of socialism that came out of the French Revolution. History repeated when, at the end of the twentieth century, left-liberalism absorbed the remnants of socialism when it collapsed as an independent movement in the 1990s. This coalescence generated in its wake an all-purpose, often hysterical, intensely moralizing, and frequently illiberal form of liberal statism. Socialism, social liberalism, social democracy, progressivism, generic statism, corporate liberalism, social movements, and identitarian movements all merged into an amorphous, churning current.
The kind of fusion envisaged by the liberal statist is sharply different from that of the conservative. Liberal statists typically blend the tendrils of the romantic sublime imagination with a strong and often compulsive appetite for procedure and correctness. On the one hand, their romantic political fantasies frequently violate the constraints of time, space, biology, resources, foresight, and memory. To offset this, liberal statists offer an unsettling combination of rules and romanticism. At the flick of a switch, they will segue from thoughts of outlandish, infinite possibilities to the rigid grinding of microscopic details.
Their worldview swings between thoughts of unhinged freedom and a fascination with claustrophobic regulations. There is no middle way. The sublime monsters of the romantic imagination are melded and often awkwardly crushed together with suffocating safety and security codes. Fantasies of Promethean-style transformative behaviour are spliced with images of a spiritless, no-risk society. The liberal statist fuses a catastrophic imagination filled with sublime terror and darkness with a deep attraction to inert bureaucratic rules and procedures. Liberal statists are fascinated by sublime images of what is forbidding and overwhelming. They respond to these in two ways. One is to demand dramatic and sweeping change. The second is to hide under a sheltering canopy of rigid speech codes and vacuous behavioural protocols. The liberal- statist world-view is riddled with pessimistic predictions of social crises and emergencies. Its solution to these looming predicaments is to swing between dreams of revolution and the institution of 'rational' rules that promise an all-encompassing protection from the predicted convulsions. The fusion of Robespierre's revolution and Napoleon's bureaucracy is deeply entrenched in the liberal-statist imagination.
In contrast, the conservative fusion—that is, the con- in conservative—is one of grace, irony, humour, wit, and happiness. There are certainly radical conservatives who see the world in dark, sublime terms. Yet there are also numerous regular conservatives who are relaxed, sunny, optimistic, or happy in their outlook. They are drawn to the beauty of the world. Like Pareto, they prefer ratios to rules. Like Aristotle, they look to the happy mean rather than the sublime extreme. With the Pre-Socratics, they can merge opposites. In the company of the Stoics, they are persistent in the things that they can control and they let go of the things they cannot control. On board with the Sceptics, they weigh the costs and benefits, pros and cons of things. They know that every upside contains a downside, and that every downside brings with it some upside. They join Hayek in observing that the more we plan, the greater the number of unplanned pitfalls we encounter. They agree with Schumpeter that when we create new, prosperous industries, old, declining industries will be destroyed. Conservatives feel comfortable, even sanguine, about all this.
They are relaxed about it all because their imagination is naturally attuned to forging dual allegiances. Imaginative doubles give rise to an indubitable and durable sense of happiness. The modern use of the word conservative surfaced in direct response to the disequilibrium, and resulting stress and anguish, of the age of Robespierre and Napoleon. Tacitly it emerged as a philosophy of equilibrium. It said 'enough'. And it has continued to say 'enough' as one romantic revolution has followed another over the past 250 years, and one 'rational' social scheme has succeeded another. None of these tumults or schemes have proved any better or more desirable than any of their lamentable predecessors. In the end, the conservative responds impassively to the manias and tantrums of modern life. The conservative acts like a steel column planted deep in the soil as the hurricane swirls around it—a symbol of the equipoise and symmetry that a good society seeks, and the balance of change and stability that it needs.
Peter Murphy, Adjunct Professor of Social Sciences at La Trobe University and Adjunct Professor in the Cairns Institute at James Cook University. His most recent works are Limited Government (2019) and The Political Economy of Prosperity (2020).
Rommel's Hungarian Soldier
János Kubassek — 05.07.21
Why Transgenderism is a Central Issue?
How Budapest Dreams and Reconstructs Its Past
Gellért Rajcsányi — 01.04.21
Tradition – Constancy Is More Important than Change


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Add unexpected color to your look with the Kendra Scott collection of colorful Mood rings. Our take on the popular 1970's trend, watch your mood change from Pink, Purple, Amber, Green, Cobalt, and Navy. Make an ever-changing statement with a Gold, Silver, or Rose Gold Mood ring.
Are you feeling creative or optimistic today? Our collection of Mood rings will show off your mood in a range of ever-changing colors. Select a Mood ring in your favorite metal and watch as the stone changes hues from contact with your skin. For additional color and sparkle, pair this ring with a statement ring from our collection of Druzy rings. Discover our full collection of Mood jewelry and other popular jewelry created by Kendra Scott.


text:
local log = require "log"

local mod = {}

mod.create = 1
mod.delete = 2

function mod.newEvent(filterString, action, id, timestamp)
    local id = id or filterString
    if action ~= mod.create and action ~= mod.delete then
        log:error("Invalid event action: %i", action)
        return nil
    end
    return {action = action, filter = filterString, id = id, timestamp = timestamp}
end

return mod

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Mthokozisi Khathi (born  August 24, 1976), professionally known by his stage name DJ Tira, is a South African DJ, record producer and Kwaito artist.  He helped popularize the Gqom music genre.

Khathi won the Smirnoff SA DJ Knockout competition in 2000 and released the compilation album "Real Makoya" in 2001. He is a member of the South African musical group, Durbans Finest. Tira signed a record deal with Kalawa Jazmee in 2005 and established his own record  label Afrotaiment in 2007. His debut album  Ezase Afro Vol:1 (2008), was a commercial success.

Tira's fourth album 21 Years Of DJ Tira (2020) was certified platinum by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RISA). The album included chart-topping singles "Nguwe" and "Uyandazi". His fifth studio album Rockstar Forever (2021) debut number one on iTunes.

Early life
Khathi was born in KwaHlabisa Village, KwaZulu-Natal, and his family relocated to Durban in 1979. Khathi attended Mlokothwa High School and enrolled at the University of Natal now known as UKZN in 1995, studying human resources.

Career
Khathi developed an interest in being a DJ while he was at university, when he started playing as a DJ in 1996. Around 2001, he released his first record named Real Makoya, which is a compilation album with DJ Khabzela. In 2005, he was signed a record deal with Kalawa Jazzmee. He formed a group named Tzozo En Professor and later formed Durbans Finest together with DJ Sox which also was under Kalawa Jazmee Records.   Tira and Sox together released a series compilation albums named Durbans Finest.

In 2007, he launched his recording studio Afrotainment and signed DJ Cndo as the first artist on his record label. Since he was working at his own production, he became a music producer. Later the same year DJ Tira signed kwaito group Big Nuz after they relocated from Johannesburg to Durban. In 2008, DJ Tira as a featured artist appeared on two tracks on urban radio charts and music shops charts alongside of Big Nuz's "Ubala Lolo" and DJ Clock's "Mahamba Yedwa".

In 2008, he released his first solo project under his record label named Ezase Afro Vol:1. The album is supported by the guest appearance of Bricks, Daddy, Big Nuz and Joocy of Afrosoul. Ezase Afro Vol:1 became a hit album and sold more than 20 000 copies.

In March 2019, his single "Amachankura" featuring TNS was released as the lead single from an upcoming studio album. In July 2019, the second single "Thank You Mr DJ" featuring Joocy was released. Tira released Ikhenani on September 13, 2019. Ikhenani won Best Kwaito Album  at the 26th ceremony of South African Music Awards.

On August 24, 2020, his fourth studio album 21 Years of DJ Tira was released in South Africa, celebrating  a 21 years in music industry. The album was certified platinum by the Recording industry of South Africa  (RiSA).

In March 2021, he co-hosted season 6 of the SABC 1 talent show competition, 1's and 2's.

On June 25, 2021, his fifth studio album Rockstar Forever was released in South Africa. The album features the Q Twins, Makhadzi, Western Boyz, Jumbo, Prince Bulo, Biza Wethu, Mampintsha, Joocy, Ntencane, Proffesor, Beast, Worst Behaviour, Dladla Mshunqisi, BlaQRythm, Mtebza & Khazozo. Rockstar  Forever rank number 1 on iTunes charts South Africa.

Personal life
DJ Tira is married to Gugu Khathi and they have two sons and one daughter. DJ Tira and his wife hosted a Umabo (traditional Zulu ceremony) at his home in KwaHlabisa, KwaZulu-Natal.

Discography

List of studio albums

Compilation albums

Awards and nominations

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
People from Big Five Hlabisa Local Municipality
Zulu people
Musicians from KwaZulu-Natal
South African musicians
South African record producers
South African DJs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Business Dangote Cement Seeks Shareholders' Approval to Buy Back Shares
Dangote Cement Seeks Shareholders' Approval to Buy Back Shares
Goddy Egene
Dangote Cement Plc is seeking shareholders' approval to embark on share buy-back in move aimed at improving return on equity and shareholder value. In a notification to the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), the cement company said it would convene an extra-ordinary general meeting (EGM) of shareholders for January 22, 2020, to amend its Articles of Association to enable it undertake a share buy-back of up to 10 per cent of its issued shares on such terms, and conditions and at such times as the board of directors deems fit.
According to Dangote Cement, the programme was in line with the company's corporate strategy to improved its return on equity, and shareholder value in order to future long term growth.
"The relevant shares will be repurchased out of the profits of the company and any such number of shares bought under the programme is required to be cancelled in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules and the NSE rule book which will consequently lead to a reduction in issued share capital," the company said.
Dangote Cement Plc has been adding value to shareholder value, paying dividend regularly. For instance, it paid N16 dividend per share for 2018 financial.
And the chairman of the company, Alhaji Aliko Dangote said the shareholders and staff were bedrock of the company and expressed optimism on the prospects of the company.
According to him, the company will be effectively operating in a minimum of 18 African countries in a short while by increasing the capacity of its Obajana Plant to 16 million metric tons, making it one of the biggest cement plant in the world.
Meanwhile, the management of the Dangote Cement Plc has announced the appointment of Michel Puchercos as the new managing director of the company. The MD's appointment becomes effective on February 1, 2020.
Puchercos is coming from rival cement company, Lafarge Africa Plc. Puchercos served the company as an executive director on the board since April 1, 2016. According to Lafarge during his tenure as the GMD/CEO, Puchercos implemented a successful turnaround plan for the business, addressing the legal, financial and management structure of the company, health and safety improvements and the implementation of new operating processes.
Puchercos has over 20 years' experience working in the cement industry, serving in various capacities at Lafarge.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to hide vertical scrollbar in wxTextCtrl? I'm using wxWidgets for a cross platform app. In this app, there is a text control that contains enough text to cause the vertical scrollbar to appear. However, I do not want the scrollbar to appear. There is a flag wxTE_NO_VSCROLL that works on Windows but not *nix. Any ideas?

A: I upgraded to wxGTK 2.9.0 and that worked.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package com.facebook.litho.testing.espresso.rules;

import android.app.Instrumentation;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import com.facebook.litho.Component;
import com.facebook.litho.ComponentContext;
import com.facebook.litho.ComponentTree;
import com.facebook.litho.LithoView;
import com.facebook.litho.testing.espresso.LithoActivityTestRule;

/**
 * A test rule for instrumentation and screenshot tests that want to render a Component in an
 * Activity. Developers wishing to use this rule can use {@link #setComponent} (along with {@link
 * #getComponentContext}) to show the Component they want rendered.
 */
public class ComponentActivityTestRule extends LithoActivityTestRule<ComponentActivity> {

  private volatile ComponentContext mComponentContext;

  public ComponentActivityTestRule() {
    super(ComponentActivity.class);
  }

  @Override
  protected synchronized void afterActivityLaunched() {
    super.afterActivityLaunched();
    mComponentContext = new ComponentContext(getActivity());
  }

  @Override
  protected synchronized void afterActivityFinished() {
    super.afterActivityFinished();
    mComponentContext = null;
  }

  /** @return a ComponentContext associated with this Activity. */
  public synchronized ComponentContext getComponentContext() {
    if (mComponentContext == null) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Tried to access ComponentContext before Activity was created");
    }
    return mComponentContext;
  }

  /** Set the Component for the Activity to display. */
  public void setComponent(final Component component) {
    final Instrumentation instrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
    instrumentation.runOnMainSync(
        new Runnable() {
          @Override
          public void run() {
            getActivity().setComponent(component);
          }
        });
    instrumentation.waitForIdleSync();
  }

  /** Set ComponentTree for the Activity to display. */
  public void setComponentTree(final ComponentTree componentTree) {
    final Instrumentation instrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
    instrumentation.runOnMainSync(
        new Runnable() {
          @Override
          public void run() {
            getActivity().setComponentTree(componentTree);
          }
        });
    instrumentation.waitForIdleSync();
  }

  /** @return the LithoView associated with the Activity. */
  public LithoView getLithoView() {
    return (LithoView) ((ViewGroup) getActivity().findViewById(android.R.id.content)).getChildAt(0);
  }
}


The succulent combination of the lamb and the ratatouille makes it very mouthwatering menu addition.
Clean and trim the lamb rack to remove excess fat and season with the KNORR Aromat.
Pre heat the oil in a large pan and seal off the racks until golden brown remove and finish cooking in a preheated oven (180 degree Celsius) until med rare, remove, keep hot and allow to rest, this will finish the cooking.
Fine chop the garlic, dice the onion, eggplant, capsicum, tomato and zucchini.
Preheat some oil in a large pot and lightly cook the diced vegetables until golden and soft, remove from the heat and keep hot.
Place the pine nuts and whole unpeeled garlic cloves onto a baking tray and cook until golden brown in a preheated oven (180 degree Celsius), remove and allow to cool.
Wash and pick the mint and blend in a robo coupe with the cooked pine nuts, squeezed out cooked garlic cloves and olive oil until it forms a paste.
Place the hot water into a large pot and whisk in the KNORR Demi Glace, bring to the boil while stirring continuously, reduce heat and simmer for 2 minutes, stir in the mint pesto just before serving.
To serve, place the ratatouille onto a large plate with the cooked lamb and add the mint pesto sauce.


I can spend hours watching the gorillas at the San Diego Zoo!
With my Keeper's Club Pass, I get to visit both the San Diego Zoo and the Safari Park on a regular basis.
poses, as well as their playful & peaceful – yet powerful nature.
They demonstrate fascinating manual dexterity with objects in their hands.
Last week I visited the zoo but an hour before closing.
Now that summer is over, it wasn't as crowded.
Here are some photos from that day.
As always, their captivating behavior was amazing to watch!
Thank you Laura. It is mesmerizing to watch them every time.


Richly illustrated selection of the most beautiful fairy tales in Czech and English translation accompanied by a dictionary. Suitable for teaching and learning English and Czech languages. So far more than 8000 copies have been sold.
Hrnečku, vař! – Cook, Little Pot, Cook!


text:
A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death
Kaori Mochizuki, Hiroshi Ochi, Yoshiaki Ogura, Morio Iino, Hisanaga Kuroki, Ryoji Matoba
A 59-year-old man was carried to the hospital by three men. The deceased was unconscious at admission and his face was severely swollen with many subcutaneous hemorrhages and extensive edema. His death was confirmed 17 min after resuscitation. A judicial autopsy was performed the next day. Findings showed that the victim's face and head were reddish and swollen, and that subscalp bleeding was ubiquitous, but no skull fracture, epi- and subdural hematoma or subarachnoidal bleeding was observed. The brain itself was severely edematous but no bleeding was found. Although small hemorrhages were seen in the limbs and back, there were no marked wounds except to the head. To determine the cause of death, we performed a microscopic histochemical examination. Conventional H.E. staining disclosed eosinophilic change, concentration of nuclei, edema, gliosis, and oozing at the corpus callosum. To identify further details of the cause of death, we used Bodian staining, Kluver-Barrera staining, anti-beta amyloid immunostaining, and anti-neurofilament immunostaining. We found sinusoidal swelling of axons and waving axons, which are typical findings of Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI), but no positive staining of beta amyloid. Focal lesions of the corpus callosum and of the dorsolateral quadrant of the rostral brain stem, and diffuse damage to axons are considered to constitute the DAI triad. We therefore diagnosed the cause of death as DAI. Our experience shows that it is important to use several staining methods for diagnosis of a variety of neuronal degenerative disorders. Several days later, we were informed by the police that several men had hit and kicked the victim in an attempt to lynch him. To compare with this case, we also report two other cases in which DAI was observed.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
Published - 04-2009
病理学および法医学
諸問題の倫理的、法的側面
10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
「A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death」の研究トピックを掘り下げます。これらがまとまってユニークなフィンガープリントを構成します。
Diffuse Axonal Injury Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
cause of death Social Sciences 74%
death Social Sciences 48%
Staining and Labeling Medicine & Life Sciences 43%
Hemorrhage Medicine & Life Sciences 42%
brain Social Sciences 37%
Axons Medicine & Life Sciences 35%
Cause of Death Medicine & Life Sciences 31%
Mochizuki, K., Ochi, H., Ogura, Y., Iino, M., Kuroki, H., & Matoba, R. (2009). A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death. Legal Medicine, 11(SUPPL. 1), S518-S519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
Mochizuki, Kaori ; Ochi, Hiroshi ; Ogura, Yoshiaki その他. / A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death. In: Legal Medicine. 2009 ; Vol. 11, No. SUPPL. 1. pp. S518-S519.
@article{4fb46198e5994577894b0cf9905e618a,
title = "A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death",
abstract = "A 59-year-old man was carried to the hospital by three men. The deceased was unconscious at admission and his face was severely swollen with many subcutaneous hemorrhages and extensive edema. His death was confirmed 17 min after resuscitation. A judicial autopsy was performed the next day. Findings showed that the victim's face and head were reddish and swollen, and that subscalp bleeding was ubiquitous, but no skull fracture, epi- and subdural hematoma or subarachnoidal bleeding was observed. The brain itself was severely edematous but no bleeding was found. Although small hemorrhages were seen in the limbs and back, there were no marked wounds except to the head. To determine the cause of death, we performed a microscopic histochemical examination. Conventional H.E. staining disclosed eosinophilic change, concentration of nuclei, edema, gliosis, and oozing at the corpus callosum. To identify further details of the cause of death, we used Bodian staining, Kluver-Barrera staining, anti-beta amyloid immunostaining, and anti-neurofilament immunostaining. We found sinusoidal swelling of axons and waving axons, which are typical findings of Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI), but no positive staining of beta amyloid. Focal lesions of the corpus callosum and of the dorsolateral quadrant of the rostral brain stem, and diffuse damage to axons are considered to constitute the DAI triad. We therefore diagnosed the cause of death as DAI. Our experience shows that it is important to use several staining methods for diagnosis of a variety of neuronal degenerative disorders. Several days later, we were informed by the police that several men had hit and kicked the victim in an attempt to lynch him. To compare with this case, we also report two other cases in which DAI was observed.",
author = "Kaori Mochizuki and Hiroshi Ochi and Yoshiaki Ogura and Morio Iino and Hisanaga Kuroki and Ryoji Matoba",
doi = "10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039",
pages = "S518--S519",
journal = "Legal Medicine",
number = "SUPPL. 1",
Mochizuki, K, Ochi, H, Ogura, Y, Iino, M, Kuroki, H & Matoba, R 2009, 'A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death', Legal Medicine, vol. 11, no. SUPPL. 1, pp. S518-S519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death. / Mochizuki, Kaori; Ochi, Hiroshi; Ogura, Yoshiaki その他.
In: Legal Medicine, Vol. 11, No. SUPPL. 1, 04.2009, p. S518-S519.
T1 - A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death
AU - Mochizuki, Kaori
AU - Ochi, Hiroshi
AU - Ogura, Yoshiaki
AU - Iino, Morio
AU - Kuroki, Hisanaga
AU - Matoba, Ryoji
N2 - A 59-year-old man was carried to the hospital by three men. The deceased was unconscious at admission and his face was severely swollen with many subcutaneous hemorrhages and extensive edema. His death was confirmed 17 min after resuscitation. A judicial autopsy was performed the next day. Findings showed that the victim's face and head were reddish and swollen, and that subscalp bleeding was ubiquitous, but no skull fracture, epi- and subdural hematoma or subarachnoidal bleeding was observed. The brain itself was severely edematous but no bleeding was found. Although small hemorrhages were seen in the limbs and back, there were no marked wounds except to the head. To determine the cause of death, we performed a microscopic histochemical examination. Conventional H.E. staining disclosed eosinophilic change, concentration of nuclei, edema, gliosis, and oozing at the corpus callosum. To identify further details of the cause of death, we used Bodian staining, Kluver-Barrera staining, anti-beta amyloid immunostaining, and anti-neurofilament immunostaining. We found sinusoidal swelling of axons and waving axons, which are typical findings of Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI), but no positive staining of beta amyloid. Focal lesions of the corpus callosum and of the dorsolateral quadrant of the rostral brain stem, and diffuse damage to axons are considered to constitute the DAI triad. We therefore diagnosed the cause of death as DAI. Our experience shows that it is important to use several staining methods for diagnosis of a variety of neuronal degenerative disorders. Several days later, we were informed by the police that several men had hit and kicked the victim in an attempt to lynch him. To compare with this case, we also report two other cases in which DAI was observed.
AB - A 59-year-old man was carried to the hospital by three men. The deceased was unconscious at admission and his face was severely swollen with many subcutaneous hemorrhages and extensive edema. His death was confirmed 17 min after resuscitation. A judicial autopsy was performed the next day. Findings showed that the victim's face and head were reddish and swollen, and that subscalp bleeding was ubiquitous, but no skull fracture, epi- and subdural hematoma or subarachnoidal bleeding was observed. The brain itself was severely edematous but no bleeding was found. Although small hemorrhages were seen in the limbs and back, there were no marked wounds except to the head. To determine the cause of death, we performed a microscopic histochemical examination. Conventional H.E. staining disclosed eosinophilic change, concentration of nuclei, edema, gliosis, and oozing at the corpus callosum. To identify further details of the cause of death, we used Bodian staining, Kluver-Barrera staining, anti-beta amyloid immunostaining, and anti-neurofilament immunostaining. We found sinusoidal swelling of axons and waving axons, which are typical findings of Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI), but no positive staining of beta amyloid. Focal lesions of the corpus callosum and of the dorsolateral quadrant of the rostral brain stem, and diffuse damage to axons are considered to constitute the DAI triad. We therefore diagnosed the cause of death as DAI. Our experience shows that it is important to use several staining methods for diagnosis of a variety of neuronal degenerative disorders. Several days later, we were informed by the police that several men had hit and kicked the victim in an attempt to lynch him. To compare with this case, we also report two other cases in which DAI was observed.
U2 - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
DO - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039
SP - S518-S519
JO - Legal Medicine
JF - Legal Medicine
IS - SUPPL. 1
Mochizuki K, Ochi H, Ogura Y, Iino M, Kuroki H, Matoba R. A case of diffuse axonal injury in violent death. Legal Medicine. 2009 4月;11(SUPPL. 1):S518-S519. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.039


text:
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Home Music Music Features
Gary Clark Jr. on New Album: 'I Was Very Aware of the Sophomore Slump'
Blues-guitar star previews his homegrown second record, 'The Story of Sonny Boy Slim'
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Gary Clark Jr. at Austin's Arlyn Studios in June 2015. His new album, 'The Story of Sonny Boy Slim,' is purely a product of his hometown.
Pooneh Ghana
Gary Clark Jr. walks into Arlyn Studios in Austin, Texas, like he, if not owns the place, could navigate it blindfolded, walking backwards and playing a gnarly solo.
This is not a surprise. The 31-year-old Clark, blues guitarist, lifelong Austinite and increasingly famous recording artist, has just spent a year and change in this deceptively small studio working on and off to finish The Story of Sonny Boy Slim, the follow-up to his Grammy-nominated 2012 studio album, Blak and Blu. (The killer, self-explanatory Gary Clark Live appeared in 2014.)
"I really wanted to just come back home and be in the studio, hang out and go back to my house,"said Clark, fedora pushed back on his head, wearing a V-neck white T-shirt and jeans.
Which is to say that Blak and Blu was an L.A. album, recorded in Tarzana and produced by industry heavy hitters such as "Real Slim Shady" co-writer Mike Elizondo and longtime Green Day helmer Rob Carvallo. There were stabs at rock, rap and R&B mixed in with the electric blues on which Clark made his bones.
Sonny Boy is a pure Austin product, written and recorded at Arlyn, produced by Clark with his live engineer Bharath "Cheex" Ramanath and Arlyn's chief engineer Jacob Sciba.
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From the screaming solos on "Grinder" to the stomping funk on the almost Prince-ly "Star" to the acoustic gospel (!) on "Church," everything on the tracks we previewed sounds of a piece, the product of an artist who can play almost anything he picks up, working with a tight, trusted crew.
We head into a control room at Arlyn. "These guys," Clark says, gesturing to Sciba and fellow engineer Joseph Holguin, who are cueing up the finished songs, "put [in] a lot of hard work to let me be in this room and let loose."
Clark good-naturedly urges me to take a rolling chair near the board. (Apparently, I am sitting in his traditional spot on the control-room couch: "I just wanted you to move," he says with a grin.)
Begun in March 2014 and mixed and mastered just this past May, Sonny Boy was written and recorded in between Clark touring on Blak and, oh, yeah, having a baby son named Zion with his partner, model Nicole Trunfio. (You might have seen Trunfio on the cover of the Australian edition of Elle, suede coat open, nursing Zion.)
"I found that I can't write on the road," Clark says. "That doesn't work for me." So starting last March, he headed into Arlyn with little more than ideas and grooves. "I basically came in here with the bare minimum," Clark says. "First two weeks, I just banged around, sat on the drums, played bass."
Clark and the engineers worked mostly at night. "I would come in in the morning," Arlyn co-owner Lisa Fletcher says, "[and] they would still be at it."
"I spent so much time in the booth trying to figure it all out," Clark says, "that there are cuts and cuts of me going 'Hmmmmmmmm,' and then it would turn into a word, then a melody, then a verse."
He pauses. Clark has made seven albums and few EPs, but this is only his second major-label studio full-length. "Frankly, I went in feeling very vulnerable," Clark says. "I was very aware of the sophomore slump."
While a title like The Story of Sonny Boy Slim implies a larger concept or something autobiographical, Clark denies that there is one. "The only real theme is, 'Through all the bullshit, there's always hope,'" Clark says. "That's kinda it."
As the songs play, he seems to slip into a trance: eyes closed, grooving and bouncing on the couch with every beat. Opening with a "yeah yeah yeah" that clearly connects the dots between blues and hip-hop, "The Healing" is pure blues-rock, a statement of purpose: "Music is our healing/When this world upsets me, this music sets me free."
The pounding "Grinder," sporting some of the record's sickest, screamiest solos, looks at a financially strapped young family. "My baby's crying," Clark sings. "So now my baby is crying."
"Our Love" is an old-school Seventies ballad of the first order, which mixes Clark's falsetto with horns and organ. Add a few strings and it could be mistaken for a Jimmy Carter–era Philly soul cut. (When I mention the strings, Clark laughs and points at Sciba: "Yeah, we had some loooong conversations about strings." Sciba, ever the polite professional, smiles and looks at his shoes.)
"Sonny Boy" seems well-timed, of a moment where Prince is playing surgical-strike shows and D'Angelo is blowing minds with dense, analog music. Clark demurs when asked about influences. "It really was just the sounds in my head," he says. "I wasn't really listening to anything. I just wanted to be completely open and not be stuck saying I am gonna go in this direction or that direction."
It's around 7 p.m., time to go, and we head outside to the Arlyn parking lot. Fletcher declares it happy hour and hands the guys large glasses of something pink (which turns out to be half locally made vodka, half fresh-squeezed grapefruit juice). Sciba grins: "You want to know how we made this album?" he says, lifting the glass. "This right here."
Clark still has some footage to shoot for a Sonny Boy electronic press kit before getting on a bus five minutes later to go play a set at Coachella with his road band. ("I swore I would never be the guy who rehearses the set at soundcheck," Clark says, lighting up a cigarette. "But that is exactly what is going to happen.") It's a long day and a long drive ahead.
"I really just wanted to put everything together and be 1,000 percent who I am," Clark says. "This album is exactly what that is, loud."
In This Article: Gary Clark Jr.


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We will not have services this evening nor this Wednesday evening. Have a Happy Thanksgiving!
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text:
Jim Hunter
Jim Hunter's studio in Dorset
JUNIOR VICE PRESIDENT
ELECTED ARWS 2017 & RWS 2019
Jim Hunter was born and grew up in Co Durham and first attended art school at the then Teesside College of Art. He studied painting at Winchester School of Art from 1970-73, with William Crozier as Head of Fine Art and John Bellany an influential tutor, and graduated from the Royal College of Art in 1976. In many ways the most significant period of study for him was the time he spent in a studio in the Cite des Arts, Paris: from this period grew his enduring interest in modernism and the potential of abstraction.
Jim works from, and within, particular landscapes as prompts for him to make abstract images which are expressive and decorative in intent and not necessarily descriptive. He has always worked with watercolour as he likes its simplicity and purity, and the purity of response that it encourages in the act of painting. He often incorporates collage and elements of pasted paper as these allow him to keep the imagery, and its potential meaning, open and provisional.
In his paintings he has always used places as the starting point for developing his imagery, working directly from the landscape in sketchbooks using watercolour and ink. In 2005 he enjoyed a sabbatical period in Venice and his large works on paper using water-based media and collage are a direct consequence of this experience. His exhibition of Venice paintings, "A Short Grand Tour", with catalogue text by Professor Simon Olding, toured to four major UK venues during 2007 to 2009.
Recent one-person exhibitions have included "Places" at The Slade Centre, Gillingham, 2015, and "Painterly Sites" (with Michael Griffiths) at ArtSway, Hampshire, 2016.
Jim Hunter has pursued his practice as a painter alongside his career in art education, until recently as Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the Arts University Bournemouth and, since 2013, Professor Emeritus of Painting.
His home and studio are in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, and his work is often based on direct responses to this unique landscape. He draws also upon his travels to places as different as Japan, India and Hydra, Greece.
jimhunterpaintings.co.uk


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Why Didn't God Do It Right the First Time?
I haven't written about my weekly quiet time for some time. I'm still in the Book of Joshua. And, since I study a chapter a week, I have five weeks to go.
I studied Joshua 19 last week. What really caught my eye was v 9: "The inheritance of the tribe of Simeon formed part of the territory of Judah; because the portion of the tribe of Judah was too large for them, the tribe of Simeon obtained an inheritance within their inheritance" (NRSV).
Why did the tribe of Judah get more territory than it needed? God's the one giving out the land, is he not? Couldn't he have gotten the division right?
This detail of Joshua 19 reminds me of other things in the book. In Joshua 17:14-18, the tribe of Joseph complains to Joshua about its inheritance. "This amount of land is too small for us," its representatives said. "We're too numerous to live here!" And Joshua told them: "You want more land? Then go get it! A lot of land is still out there for the taking. But you have to take it from the dreadful Canaanites."
Also, in Joshua 19, the author says that the tribe of Dan took Leshem. Judges 18 tells the story more explicitly, and it says that Dan did so because it got no inheritance of its own (v 1). But Joshua 19 states that Dan did get an inheritance: it was near Ephraim and the Shephelah, where the Philistines dwelt. And Judges 18 seems to have knowledge that Dan was there at some point, for v 2 presents Danites in Eshtaol and Zorah, which Joshua 19:41 says that Dan inherited. And so the King James Version tries to clarify Judges 18:1 or to harmonize it with Joshua 19. It renders the passage, "for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel." "All their" is not in the text, meaning that the KJV translators are supplying it. The implication may be that the Danites did not get all of the inheritance that they should have at the division. And so the translators appear to read Judges 18:1 in light of similar situations in the Book of Joshua: God divided up the land, but, for some reason, the division had problems.
But the problematic division ended up helping people. Judah had an opportunity to share land with Simeon, which became a loyal ally to Judah (Judges 1:3). Judah called Simeon his brother, and the two worked together to defeat the Canaanites. One could ask, "Why didn't God only give Judah the land that it needed? God's obviously not an efficiency expert, here!" Yet, the way God did things gave Judah a chance to be generous and fostered a special bond between two tribes.
Joseph didn't get as much land as it needed, and that gave it a chance to step forward in faith and claim more land for itself. Joseph got an opportunity to dream and to exercise faith amidst seemingly insurmountable challenges. Those Canaanites had chariots, whereas the Israelites did not. But, as Oprah Winfrey once said, "No test, no testimony!" Joseph's bad inheritance allowed it to experience God in ways that it otherwise would not have.
The same goes for Dan, assuming that the KJV translators interpreted Judges 18:1 correctly. But another interesting detail is this: It was good that Dan was not living way up north in the time of the Judges. Because Samson the Danite lived near the Shephelah, he got to beat up on the Philistines, the oppressors of Israel. And Samson really crippled them, especially when he destroyed their house. The Israelites could experience God's salvation in a special way because Samson lived near the Shephelah. Dan was right where it was supposed to be, at the time when it was supposed to be there.
I often wonder why God allows so much inequality. Why does he bless some people with more talents and resources than others? The way God does things may look messy to us, but God can work all out for good. God is interested in our character. He wants to stretch us. If he did everything according to our standard of perfect efficiency, then we'd have no opportunities to grow. We'd also miss out on deeper experiences of him and his goodness.
This entry was posted in Bible, Joshua, Religion, Weekly Quiet Time. Bookmark the permalink.


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"Life in the Doldrums Continues for Civil Litigators," The National Law Journal
Peter Haveles, Co-Chair of the Complex Commercial Litigation Department, is quoted in the article "Life in the Doldrums Continues for Civil Litigators," which appeared in The National Law Journal on March 15, 2010. The article analyses the decline of recoveries in commercial litigation in 2009, based on an examination of VerdictSearch's Top 100 Verdicts of 2009. Mr. Haveles commented that recoveries were lower due to corporate clients controlling costs by waiting to file suits. "They likely will continue do so through the first half of 2010," said Mr. Haveles. "Part of it is deferring activity and not necessarily commencing a lawsuit if you can sue now or a year from now."
Additionally, Mr. Haveles expects lawsuits emanating from commercial loan defaults to present a principal area of commercial litigation this year. "You'll see the lenders suing the borrowers and the guarantors to enforce their loans and recapture the property," he said. "That's not going to change until you see an improvement in real estate values and a lending market where people can refinance and deal with loans coming due."
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