text:
Money Well Spent
A Strategic Plan for Smart Philanthropy, Second Edition
Paul Brest and Hal Harvey
Business / Strategy
Business / Research Methods and Evaluation
Philanthropy is a booming business, with hundreds of billions of dollars committed to the social sector each year. Money Well Spent, an award-winning guide on how to structure philanthropy so that it really makes a difference, offers a comprehensive and crucial resource for individual donors, foundations, non-profits, and scholars who focus on and teach others about this realm.
Behind every successful grant is a smart strategy. Paul Brest and Hal Harvey draw on the experiences of hundreds of foundations and non-profits to explain how to deliver on every dollar. They present the essential tools to help readers create and test effective plans for achieving demonstrable results. Brest and Harvey tackle thorny issues, such as how to choose among different forms of funding, how to measure progress, and when to abandon a project that isn't working.
The second edition accounts for a decade of progress: a rise in impact investing, the advent of pay-for-success programs, the maturation of impact evaluation, and the emergence of a new generation of mega-donors. Today, the notion of results-driven philanthropy is more important than ever. With this book, the social sector has the techniques it needs to deliver on that idea with impact.
Paul Brest is former Dean and Professor Emeritus at Stanford Law School, a Lecturer at the Stanford Graduate School of Business, Co-Director of the Stanford Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society, and Co-Director of the Stanford Law and Policy Lab. He was President of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation from 2000-2012.
Hal Harvey is the CEO of Energy Innovation, a San Francisco-based energy and environmental policy firm. Previously, he was founder and CEO of ClimateWorks Foundation, a network of foundations that promote polices to reduce the threat of climate change; Environment Program Director at the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and founder and President of the Energy Foundation, a philanthropy supporting policy solutions that advance renewable energy and energy efficiency. He has also set up foundations in China, Europe, and India.
"Since philanthropic capital is free to go where it can make the most difference, and is unfettered by the need to find a financial return, it is the scarcest and most important kind of money—so it must be spent with care and strategy. Money Well Spent takes this as a challenge, and lays out a recipe for using that capital well. I commend this book to all those who are serious about improving the world."
—Hank Paulson, 74th Secretary of the Treasury and Chairman of the Paulson Institute
"An insightful discussion of the multiple challenges of effective philanthropy. The authors provide helpful guidance on creating, articulating, and implementing clear strategies to guide your work. This is a terrific resource for philanthropists at any stage of their journey."
—Laura and John Arnold, Co-Chairs, Laura and John Arnold Foundation
"Paul Brest and Hal Harvey offer a lucid, reader-friendly, and persuasive case for why rigorous strategy is indispensable for anyone using philanthropy to make the world a better place. It is the best guide available today, bar none."
—Joel L. Fleishman, Duke University, author of Putting Wealth to Work
"Philanthropy is a complicated trade, and anyone who wants to understand how to be truly effective must read Brest and Harvey's indispensable book. It offers a comprehensive and comprehensible overview of the process, supplemented by a rich trove of examples and insights from two masters of the craft."
—Larry Kramer, President, Hewlett Foundation
"Money Well Spent is a great resource for anyone interested in strategic philanthropy. Its thoughtful frameworks and copious real-world examples will help donors looking to give with their heads as well as their hearts."
—Cari Tuna, President, Good Ventures, and President, Open Philanthropy Project
"Donors and foundations from across the philosophical spectrum will benefit from this excellent guide to setting philanthropic goals, developing a theory of change, evaluating the effectiveness of one's strategy, and collaborating with like-minded funding partners."
—Adam Meyerson, President, The Philanthropy Roundtable
"Paul Brest and Hal Harvey have written passionately and precisely about the power and promise of strategic philanthropy. Covering everything from grassroots work to global grant-making, they offer an eminently readable blueprint for today's philanthropists. This is a must-read guide and a powerful tool to help drive meaningful change and make every dollar count."
—Darren Walker, President, the Ford Foundation
"Money Well Spent is the most thorough, comprehensive, and authoritative guide to effective philanthropy published to date. It weaves together compelling examples of philanthropic successes and failures with practical, step-by-step guidance. Every major donor, foundation staff and board member, and philanthropic advisor needs to read this book."
—Phil Buchanan, President, The Center for Effective Philanthropy
"The extraordinary freedom enjoyed by philanthropy brings responsibilities. Brest and Harvey offer new and experienced philanthropists alike an invaluable guide to consider those responsibilities and to learn about the exciting innovations and growth in philanthropy over the last decade."
—Carol Larson, President and CEO, David and Lucile Packard Foundation
"The most important book for how to translate large-scale financial resources into large-scale social change. Brest and Harvey provide an essential resource for how foundations can successfully navigate the vast complexities of evidence-based philanthropy, impact investing, and policy change, while creating measurable value."
—Laura Arrillaga-Andreessen, Founder of SV2, Stanford PACS, LAAF.org, and author of New York Times Bestseller, Giving 2.0
"The second edition of Money Well Spent is as much of an instant classic on everything to know about strategic philanthropy as its predecessor. It deserves to be so. Brest and Harvey have listened to their critics, fans, and other stakeholders. This book is still based on one school of thought, but it is also based on respect for the diversity of the field." Michael Alberg-Seberich, Alliance Magazine
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text:
Here are some options for health insurance that may cost you little or nothing if you just lost your job
Guy Boulton
Most people who have lost their jobs — and with it their health insurance — in Wisconsin can get coverage at minimal or no cost.
It can be a bit of a hassle, and, given the complexity of the U.S. health care system, it can be a bit confusing. But help with getting coverage is available and easy to find.
"It is very hard to fall between the cracks, even if you have a total loss of income," said Jon Rauser, president of the Rauser Agency and vice president of Robertson Ryan & Associates.
Live Updates:Live coronavirus updates: Wisconsin Dental Association donates thousands of masks, gloves; Milwaukee police have two cases
What to Know:A daily digest of what you need to know about coronavirus in Wisconsin
Depending on their household income — which includes unemployment insurance and a spouse's income — most people have one of three main options:
BadgerCare Plus, the state's largest Medicaid program.
Health plans sold through the marketplaces set up under the Affordable Care Act.
Continuing coverage through their former employer under what is commonly known as COBRA.
Each has its own nuances.
"It's different for every person you talk to in some ways," said Bobby Peterson, executive director of ABC for Health, a public interest law firm based in Madison.
Here are the three main options:
BadgerCare Plus covers adults with incomes below the poverty threshold — $12,760 for one person this year — and may be the first option to check for people who suddenly find themselves with no income.
"When their income drops like a stone, it can open up eligibility," Peterson said.
Two complications:
One, eligibility is based on household income, so if you are married and your spouse works, you will not be eligible if your combined income is above $17,240 a year.
Two, unemployment insurance counts as income. This means that if you are single and getting $250 a week or more, you won't be eligible for BadgerCare Plus.
(The cutoff for eligibility for pregnant women and children is much higher: roughly $39,000 a year.)
There also are some additional steps if you are self-employed.
Another complication is if your income for March exceeds the cutoff for eligibility. In that case, you may not be eligible until April and coverage won't begin until May 1.
"Here is where it gets really complicated in a hurry because dates are going to matter," said Jeni Appleby, program manager of Milwaukee Enrollment Network. "And we can help."
People can sign up for coverage online. And, again, an array of organizations, such as Covering Wisconsin, can help with the process.
"The process we have is a bit of an eligibility corn maze," Peterson said. "I wish it was a lot simpler. Unfortunately, it's not."'
The county in which you live is required to accept the best information available and shouldn't require a letter from an employer that says the applicant is no longer working, Peterson said.
"If they are asking for it, a good response is, 'Can you help me get it?'" he said.
Counties then are required to help you obtain the information or accept the best available information – and that can be "I lost my job."
Once enrolled, you have a choice of health plans offered by private health insurers who contract with the state to manage the care of people covered by the program.
If you had health insurance through an employer and have lost your job, you are eligible to sign up for a health plan on the marketplaces set up through the Affordable Care Act.
People with incomes between $12,760 and $51,040 for one person this year are eligible for subsidies to help offset the cost.
The subsidies are pegged to income and the cost can be minimal for people with very low incomes — which includes just about everyone who is unemployed.
The catch is you must have had and lost coverage to be eligible for what is known as a special enrollment period.
Sen. Tammy Baldwin (D-Wisconsin) and 24 other senators have asked the Trump administration to open enrollment to people who now don't qualify for a special enrollment period. The Trump administration, which is seeking to have the Affordable Care Act declared unconstitutional, reportedly is considering a special enrollment because of the coronavirus crisis.
(Eleven states, including Minnesota, which run their own marketplaces, have done this.)
But, for now, getting coverage through a health plan sold on the marketplaces is limited to people who have had health insurance.
Be aware of one nuance. People with incomes below a certain threshold — 250% of the federal poverty level, or $31,900 for one person this year — are eligible for additional subsidies, but only if they buy a health plan in the so-called silver tier.
This means that buying a lower-cost plan in the bronze tier could cost you more money. The health plan also will have much higher deductibles.
People can enroll on their own through healthcare.gov. But given that this stuff gets complicated, they would be wise to get help from an insurance broker or one of the organizations that help people understand their options for coverage.
"That's the takeaway that we always try to emphasize — that health insurance is complicated for all of us," said Appleby of Milwaukee Enrollment Network. "But there is a lot of free help, local experts, who can help people through the process."
Because the subsidy is based on income, if you are lucky enough to be back at work in a few months and again getting health insurance through your employer, you may have to pay back part of the subsidy at tax time.
"But if you are on the plan for only a few months, the payment would be minimal," said Rauser, the insurance broker.
One glitch is if your spouse gets health insurance through an employer who offers family coverage, you are not eligible for the federal subsidies.
"That would be a great thing for the feds to remove," said Peterson of ABC for Health.
One more thing: If you already have health insurance through the Affordable Care Act and have lost your job, you should report your new estimated income. You may be eligible for a larger subsidy, which would lower your monthly premium.
The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act — the name makes clear why it's commonly known as COBRA — enables people who have lost their jobs to buy coverage through their employer for 18 months.
The downside is you must pay the full cost of the coverage, and that can be expensive.
Nationally, the annual premium for health insurance through an employer averaged $7,188, or about $600 a month, for single coverage last year, and that doesn't include deductibles and other out-of-pocket expenses.
In some cases, for people who are older and who are ineligible for subsidies through the Affordable Care Act, COBRA can be a better option than buying insurance on your own. This is because the cost of health insurance through a large employer doesn't vary with age. It does for individuals who buy health insurance on their own.
But this holds only for large employers. For employers with fewer than 50 employers, the premiums may be based on someone's age.
"It isn't black and white," Rauser said.
PLACES TO GET HELP
This isn't a complete list but here are some places to get help. And, again, brokers who sell insurance sold directly to individuals and families also can help.
The healthcare.gov website has a link titled "find local help" that has a list of organizations and brokers who can help you sign up for coverage through the Affordable Care Act.
The Wisconsin Department of Health Services has a webpage with information on BadgerCare Plus.
Covering Wisconsin has people on its staff who can help you enroll in the BadgerCare Plus and Affordable Care Act. People also can make an appointment with someone who can help them through the "connector tool" on its website.
ABC for Health has an online BadgerCare Plus Resource Library with information on enrolling in the health program.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/spec_helper")
require 'support/nginx_controller'
require 'fileutils'
require 'tmpdir'

WEB_SERVER_DECHUNKS_REQUESTS = true

require 'integration_tests/shared/example_webapp_tests'

describe "Phusion Passenger for Nginx" do
  before :all do
    if !CONFIG['nginx']
      STDERR.puts "*** ERROR: You must set the 'nginx' config option in test/config.json."
      exit!(1)
    end

    check_hosts_configuration

    @nginx_root = Dir.mktmpdir('psg-test-', '/tmp')
    ENV['TMPDIR'] = @nginx_root
    ENV['PASSENGER_INSTANCE_REGISTRY_DIR'] = @nginx_root

    if File.directory?(PhusionPassenger.install_spec)
      @log_dir = "#{PhusionPassenger.install_spec}/buildout/testlogs"
    else
      @log_dir = "#{@nginx_root}/testlogs"
    end
    @log_file = "#{@log_dir}/nginx.log"
    FileUtils.mkdir_p(@log_dir)
  end

  after :all do
    begin
      begin
        @nginx.stop if @nginx
      ensure
        FileUtils.cp(Dir["#{@nginx_root}/passenger-error-*.html"],
          "#{@log_dir}/")
      end
    ensure
      FileUtils.rm_rf(@nginx_root)
    end
  end

  before :each do
    File.open(@log_file, 'a') do |f|
      # Make sure that all Nginx log output is prepended by the test description
      # so that we know which messages are associated with which tests.
      f.puts "\n#### #{Time.now}: #{example.full_description}"
      @test_log_pos = f.pos
    end
  end

  after :each do
    log "End of test"
    if example.exception
      puts "\t---------------- Begin logs -------------------"
      File.open(@log_file, 'rb') do |f|
        f.seek(@test_log_pos)
        puts f.read.split("\n").map{ |line| "\t#{line}" }.join("\n")
      end
      puts "\t---------------- End logs -------------------"
      puts "\tThe following test failed. The web server logs are printed above."
    end
  end

  def create_nginx_controller(options = {})
    @nginx = NginxController.new(@nginx_root, @log_file)
    if Process.uid == 0
      @nginx.set(
        :www_user => CONFIG['normal_user_1'],
        :www_group => Etc.getgrgid(Etc.getpwnam(CONFIG['normal_user_1']).gid).name
      )
    end
    if CONFIG['nginx_passenger_dynamic_module_conf_file']
      @nginx.set(:passenger_dynamic_module_conf_file =>
        CONFIG['nginx_passenger_dynamic_module_conf_file'])
    end
    @nginx.set(options)
  end

  def log(message)
    File.open(@log_file, 'a') do |f|
      f.puts "[#{Time.now}] Spec: #{message}"
    end
  end

  describe "a Ruby app running on the root URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = RackStub.new('rack')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"
  end

  describe "a Ruby app running in a sub-URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}/subapp"
      @stub = RackStub.new('rack')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = File.expand_path("stub")
        server << %Q{
          location ~ ^/subapp(/.*|$) {
            alias #{@stub.full_app_root}/public$1;
            passenger_base_uri /subapp;
            passenger_document_root #{@stub.full_app_root}/public;
            passenger_app_root #{@stub.full_app_root};
            passenger_enabled on;
          }
        }
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"

    it "does not interfere with the root website" do
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      get('/').should == "This is the stub directory."
    end
  end

  describe "a Python app running on the root URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = PythonStub.new('wsgi')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"
  end

  describe "a Python app running in a sub-URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}/subapp"
      @stub = PythonStub.new('wsgi')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = File.expand_path("stub")
        server << %Q{
          location ~ ^/subapp(/.*|$) {
            alias #{@stub.full_app_root}/public$1;
            passenger_base_uri /subapp;
            passenger_app_root #{@stub.full_app_root};
            passenger_document_root #{@stub.full_app_root}/public;
            passenger_enabled on;
          }
        }
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"

    it "does not interfere with the root website" do
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      get('/').should == "This is the stub directory."
    end
  end

  describe "a Node.js app running on the root URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = NodejsStub.new('node')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"
  end

  describe "a Node.js app running in a sub-URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}/subapp"
      @stub = NodejsStub.new('node')
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = File.expand_path("stub")
        server[:passenger_friendly_error_pages] = 'on'
        server << %Q{
          location ~ ^/subapp(/.*|$) {
            alias #{@stub.full_app_root}/public$1;
            passenger_base_uri /subapp;
            passenger_document_root #{@stub.full_app_root}/public;
            passenger_app_root #{@stub.full_app_root};
            passenger_enabled on;
          }
        }
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"

    it "does not interfere with the root website" do
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      get('/').should == "This is the stub directory."
    end
  end

  describe "a generic app running on the root URI" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = NodejsStub.new('node')
      rename_entrypoint_file
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
        server[:passenger_app_start_command] = "'node boot.js'"
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
      rename_entrypoint_file
    end

    def rename_entrypoint_file
      FileUtils.mv("#{@stub.app_root}/app.js", "#{@stub.app_root}/boot.js")
    end

    it_should_behave_like "an example web app"
  end

  describe "various features" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://1.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = RackStub.new('rack')
      @nginx.set(:stat_throttle_rate => 0)
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "1.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
        server[:passenger_load_shell_envvars] = "off"
        server[:passenger_friendly_error_pages] = "on"
        server << %q{
          location /crash_without_friendly_error_page {
            passenger_enabled on;
            passenger_friendly_error_pages off;
          }
        }
      end
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "2.passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
        server[:passenger_app_group_name] = "secondary"
        server[:passenger_load_shell_envvars] = "off"
        server[:passenger_read_timeout] = '3000ms'
      end
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "3.passenger.test"
        server[:passenger_app_group_name] = "tertiary"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
        server[:passenger_load_shell_envvars] = "off"
        server[:passenger_max_requests] = 3
      end
      if @nginx.version >= '1.15.3'
        @nginx.add_server do |server|
          server[:server_name] = "4.passenger.test"
          server[:passenger_app_group_name] = "quaternary"
          server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
          server[:passenger_request_buffering] = "off"
        end
      end
      @nginx.start
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset
      @error_page_signature = /window\.spec =/
      File.touch("#{@stub.app_root}/tmp/restart.txt", 1 + rand(100000))
    end

    it "sets ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE']" do
      File.write("#{@stub.app_root}/config.ru", %q{
        server_software = ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE']
        app = lambda do |env|
          [200, { "Content-Type" => "text/plain" }, [server_software]]
        end
        run app
      })
      get('/').should =~ /nginx/i
    end

    it "tries index.html when path ends in /" do
      Dir.mkdir("#{@stub.app_root}/public/test")
      File.write("#{@stub.app_root}/public/test/index.html", "indexsuccess")
      data = get('/test/')
      data.should == "indexsuccess"
    end

    it "displays a friendly error page if the application fails to spawn" do
      File.write("#{@stub.app_root}/config.ru", %q{
        raise "my error"
      })
      data = get('/')
      data.should =~ /#{@error_page_signature}/
      data.should =~ /my error/
    end

    it "doesn't display a friendly error page if the application fails to spawn but passenger_friendly_error_pages is off" do
      File.write("#{@stub.app_root}/config.ru", %q{
        raise "my error"
      })
      data = get('/crash_without_friendly_error_page')
      data.should_not =~ /#{@error_page_signature}/
      data.should_not =~ /my error/
    end

    it "appends an X-Powered-By header containing the Phusion Passenger version number" do
      response = get_response('/')
      response["X-Powered-By"].should include("Phusion Passenger")
      response["X-Powered-By"].should include(PhusionPassenger::VERSION_STRING)
    end

    it "respawns the app after handling max_requests requests" do
      @server = "http://3.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      pid = get("/pid")
      get("/pid").should == pid
      get("/pid").should == pid
      get("/pid").should_not == pid
    end

    it "respects read_timeout setting" do
      @server = "http://2.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"

      # Start process
      get("/pid")

      response = get_response('/?sleep_seconds=1')
      response.class.should == Net::HTTPOK
      response = get_response('/?sleep_seconds=6')
      response.class.should == Net::HTTPGatewayTimeOut
    end

    it "supports disabling request buffering" do
      if @nginx.version >= '1.15.3'
        @server = "http://4.passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"

        # Start process
        get("/pid")

        @uri = URI.parse(@server)
        socket = TCPSocket.new(@uri.host, @uri.port)
        begin
          socket.write("POST /raw_upload_to_file HTTP/1.1\r\n")
          socket.write("Host: #{@uri.host}:#{@uri.port}\r\n")
          socket.write("Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n")
          socket.write("Content-Type: text/plain\r\n")
          socket.write("Connection: close\r\n")
          socket.write("X-Output: output.txt\r\n")
          socket.write("\r\n")

          output_file = @stub.full_app_root + "/output.txt"

          eventually do
            File.exist?(output_file)
          end

          socket.write("5\r\n12345\r\n")
          eventually do
            File.read(output_file) == "5\r\n12345\r\n"
          end

          socket.write("5\r\n67890\r\n")
          eventually do
            File.read(output_file) == "5\r\n12345\r\n5\r\n67890\r\n"
          end

          socket.write("0\r\n\r\n")
          eventually do
            File.read(output_file) == "5\r\n12345\r\n5\r\n67890\r\n0\r\n\r\n"
          end
        ensure
          socket.close
        end
      end
    end
  end

  describe "oob work" do
    before :all do
      create_nginx_controller
      @server = "http://passenger.test:#{@nginx.port}"
      @stub = RackStub.new('rack')
      @nginx.set(:max_pool_size => 2)
      @nginx.add_server do |server|
        server[:server_name] = "passenger.test"
        server[:root]        = "#{@stub.full_app_root}/public"
      end
    end

    after :all do
      @stub.destroy
      @nginx.stop if @nginx
    end

    before :each do
      @stub.reset

      File.write("#{@stub.app_root}/config.ru", <<-RUBY)
        PhusionPassenger.on_event(:oob_work) do
          f = File.open("#{@stub.full_app_root}/oob_work.\#{$$}", 'w')
          f.close
          sleep 1
        end
        app = lambda do |env|
          if env['PATH_INFO'] == '/oobw'
            [200, { "Content-Type" => "text/html", "!~Request-OOB-Work" => 'true' }, [$$]]
          else
            [200, { "Content-Type" => "text/html" }, [$$]]
          end
        end
        run app
      RUBY

      @nginx.start
    end

    it "invokes oobw when requested by the app process" do
      pid = get("/oobw")
      eventually do
        File.exists?("#{@stub.app_root}/oob_work.#{pid}")
      end
    end

    it "does not block client while invoking oob work" do
      get("/") # ensure there are spawned app processes
      t0 = Time.now
      get("/oobw")
      secs = Time.now - t0
      secs.should <= 0.1
    end
  end

  ##### Helper methods #####

  def start_web_server_if_necessary
    if !@nginx.running?
      @nginx.start
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Spotlight Cases
Contains CE/MOC
WebM&M Cases
Computerized Decision Support
Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE)
Alert fatigue
Interruptions and distractions
Psychiatric Facilities
Delayed Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
WebM&M Case August 31, 2022
A 49-year-old woman was referred by per primary care physician (PCP) to a gastroenterologist for recurrent bouts of abdominal pain, occasional vomiting, and diarrhea. Colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and x-rays were interpreted as normal, and the patient was reassured that her symptoms should abate. The patient was seen by her PCP and visited the Emergency Department (ED) several times over the next six months. At each ED visit, the patient's labs were normal and no imaging was performed.
The Consequences of Miscommunication Regarding a Possible Artifact
WebM&M Case June 30, 2021
A 52-year-old man complaining of intermittent left shoulder pain for several years was diagnosed with a rotator cuff injury and underwent left shoulder surgery. The patient received a routine follow-up X-ray four months later.
"Do You Want Everything Done?": Clarifying Code Status
WebM&M Case December 18, 2019
A 63-year-old woman with hematemesis was admitted by a 2nd year medical resident for an endoscopy. The resident did not spend adequate time discussing her code status and subsequently, made a series of errors that failed to honor the patient's preferences and could have resulted in an adverse outcome for this relatively healthy woman.
Triaging Interhospital Transfers
WebM&M Case February 1, 2019
To transfer a man with possible sepsis to a hospital with subspecialty and critical care, a physician was unaware of a formal protocol and called a colleague at the academic medical center. The colleague secured a bed, and the patient was sent over. However, neither clinical data nor the details of the patient's current condition were transmitted to the hospital's transfer center, and the receiving physician booked a general ward bed rather than an ICU bed. When the patient arrived, his mentation was altered and breathing was rapid.
Spotlight: Mistaken Attribution, Diagnostic Misstep
WebM&M Case January 1, 2019
A woman with a history of psychiatric illness presented to the emergency department with agitation, hallucinations, tachycardia, and transient hypoxia. The consulting psychiatric resident attributed the tachycardia and hypoxia to her underlying agitation and admitted her to an inpatient psychiatric facility. Over the next few days, her tachycardia persisted and continued to be attributed to her psychiatric disease. On hospital day 5, the patient was found unresponsive and febrile, with worsening tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypoxia; she had diffuse myoclonus and increased muscle tone.
Steroids and Safety: Preventing Medication Adverse Events During Transitions of Care
WebM&M Case September 1, 2018
An older woman with lung cancer that had metastasized to the brain was admitted to the hospital and found to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP pneumonia), invasive pulmonary aspergillus, diffuse myopathy, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Medication reconciliation revealed that she had been prescribed a high dose of dexamethasone to reduce the brain swelling associated with the cancer.
Chest Pain in a Rural Hospital
WebM&M Case June 1, 2018
After presenting to a rural emergency department with chest pain, a man with a history of diabetes awaited admission to the hospital. The off-site admitting internist ordered aspirin and a heparin drip, but neither medication was administered. On transfer to the acute care unit 2 hours later, the patient was diaphoretic, somnolent, tachycardic, and borderline hypotensive. The nurse called the internist and realized the heparin drip had never been started. When she went to administer it, the patient was unresponsive, hypotensive, and bradycardic. She called a code blue.
Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Out-of-Office Test Result Management
WebM&M Case May 1, 2018
An elderly man with a history of giant cell arteritis (GCA) presented to the rheumatology clinic with recurrent headaches one month after stopping steroids. A blood test revealed that his C-reactive protein was elevated, suggesting increased inflammation and a flare of his GCA. However, his rheumatologist was out of town and did not receive the test result. Although the covering physician saw the result, she relayed just the patient's last name without the medical record number.
Isolated Clot, Real Error
WebM&M Case March 1, 2018
One day after reading only the first line of a final ultrasound result (which stated that the patient had a thrombosis), an intern reported to the ICU team that the patient had a DVT. Because she had postoperative bleeding, the team elected to place an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter rather than administer anticoagulants to prevent a pulmonary embolism (PE). The next week, a new ICU team discussed the care plan and questioned the IVC filter.
Signout Fallout
Admitted with an intracranial mass and hemorrhage, a woman with atrial fibrillation had been stable for several days when the ICU team and neurosurgeon decided that the benefits of low-dose DVT prophylaxis would outweigh the risk of serious bleeding. However, no dose or route of administration was specified, and the overnight resident ordered full-dose (rather than the prophylactic dose) anticoagulation. The hemorrhage grew and brain compression worsened, leaving the patient with no chance for meaningful recovery.
A Painful Medication Reconciliation Mishap
A woman who had been taking naltrexone to treat alcohol use disorder was discharged to a skilled nursing facility (SNF) on opioids for pain following spinal fusion surgery. Although her naltrexone was held at the hospital in anticipation of starting opioids for pain control, the clinician performing medication reconciliation at the SNF overrode the drug–drug interaction alert and restarted the naltrexone. The SNF providers did not realize that the naltrexone blocked the pain-relieving effect of the opioids.
Unintended Consequences of CPOE
WebM&M Case October 1, 2016
While attempting to order a CT scan with only oral contrast for a patient with poor kidney function, an intern ordering a CT for the first time selected "with contrast" from the list, not realizing that meant both oral and intravenous contrast. The patient developed contrast nephropathy.
Dropping to New Lows
WebM&M Case April 1, 2016
While hospitalized, a man with diabetes had difficult-to-control blood sugars, with multiple episodes of both critical hypoglycemia and serious hyperglycemia. Because "holds" of the patient's insulin were not clearly documented in the electronic health record and blood sugar readings were not uploaded in real time, providers were unaware of how much insulin had actually been given.
A Room Without Orders
Admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy, a man with leukemia and diabetes arrived on the medical unit on a busy afternoon and waited until his room was ready. The nurse who checked him in assumed that his admitting orders were completed on the previous shift. That night, the patient took his own insulin from home without a meal and experienced a preventable episode of hypoglycemia.
Medication Reconciliation With a Twist (or Dare We Say, a Patch?)
An elderly woman with a history of dementia underwent surgical resection of new colon cancer, which relieved a bowel obstruction. She developed acute delirium postoperatively, and the team discovered they had neglected to capture her cholinesterase inhibitor patch (a medication for dementia) in the official medication reconciliation list.
Delay in Treatment: Failure to Contact Patient Leads to Significant Complications
After her discharge, providers were unable to reach a young woman hospitalized for heavy vaginal bleeding, whose chlamydia culture returned positive. The delay in treatment led to infection of her fallopian tubes and required hospitalization for intravenous antibiotics.
Treatment Challenges After Discharge
WebM&M Case November 1, 2010
A man returns to the emergency department 11 days after hospital discharge in worsening condition. With no follow-up on a urine culture and sensitivity sent during his hospitalization, the patient had been taking the wrong antibiotic for a UTI.
Dangerous Shift
Due to lack of communication during shift change, an infant's transfer to a higher level of care is delayed. The infant develops respiratory distress, prompting a call to the rapid response team and transfer to the ICU.
Recurrent Hypoglycemia: A Care Transition Failure?
An elderly, non–English-speaking man with diabetes was admitted to the hospital twice in 8 days due to hypoglycemia. At discharge, the patient was instructed not to take any antidiabetic medications. In between hospitalizations, he saw his primary care physician, who restarted an antidiabetic medication.
WebM&M Case December 1, 2007
An inpatient missing from his room is found several hours later outside the emergency department. Despite having arrived at the ED in a hospital gown with an inpatient ID bracelet, the patient is treated in the ED and discharged.


Sometimes I post these thoughts on my website for you to read. Sometimes you read them. This is generally referred to as "Blogging", which should not be confused with "Flogging", an activity I do not perform for free. Unlike my Blogging.


I received my Midwifery degree from UBC in 2005. In July of 2005 I knocked on Jane Blackmore's door and asked if she wanted a practice partner, Jane said "let's give it a try", and East Kootenay Midwives was formed! Prior to this I received my nursing degree in 1996 and worked as a public health nurse in Canmore, Alberta focusing on Maternal/Child care.
In 1999 I moved to Fernie, BC and fell in love with the East Kootenays. With my combined experience in public health and hospital births experienced at the Elk Valley Hospital, I knew that caring for families having babies is where my passions lie.
When I'm not busy with midwifery I love spending time with my family, mountain biking, doing yoga, hiking, reading and spending time with friends. I look forward to getting to know you and your family on this most amazing journey.


Congratulations to Maria Hadden for her election victory. Good luck preparing for your new opportunity to be Alderman for the 49th Ward.
Looking for your next great African meal in Chicago? Read on for the lowdown on three new businesses to satisfy your cravings.
Rogers Park has a long tradition of welcoming in as residents many people experiencing oppression from around the world.
Jarvis Beach's Ranking on Trip Advisor - Fake News?
With the tragic and deeply unfortunate shooting on Howard last week, we see the ever present need for activities for the area youth.
This article reposted from Alderman Joe Moore email.


text:
Manuel Quijano may refer to:

Manuel Quijano, Spanish singer, member of the group Café Quijano
Manuel Quijano (composer) (died 1838), Spanish composer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


So a while back the wonderful Julianne Snow asked me to participate in a blog tour for writers. We were to answer four questions and then tag three other authors at the bottom of the post. I asked Gabino Iglesias, Grant Wamack, and Mike VanKennen. I figure they're cooler than me, so I'm putting them up front, and then I'll answer the four questions they're going to answer next week after that. Click on their pictures to visit their blogs.
Gabino Iglesias is a writer, journalist, and book reviewer living in Austin, TX. He's the author of Gutmouth (Eraserhead Press) and a few other things no one will ever read. His work has appeared in The New York Times, Verbicide, The Rumpus, HTMLGiant, The Magazine of Bizarro Fiction, Z Magazine, Out of the Gutter, Word Riot, Red Fez, and a other print and online venues.
Grant Wamack is a writer, rapper, traditional artist, and Navy journalist. He is the author of the bizarro novella Notes from the Guts of a Hippo. He currently lives in Spain where he dances in the streets with beautiful ghosts and dodges bulls.
Mike VanKennen is a poet writing for friends' kitchens who will have on multiple occasions read words to actual people. He has provided some nonsense for a Quirky Love Interest record he's not sure will ever see the light of day. Full-time college student part-time wage slave with aspirations of pokemon mastery. He has also overcome his fear of writing about himself in the third person with the publishing of this bio.
First, I'm getting read to promote my next book, Journey to Abortosphere, which is out on kindle, but hasn't hit yet in print. It could be described as a bizarro romance tale about a man who loses his first love (a shoehorn), finds unrequited love (first with a boiler, then with a machine that warps space-time) and then finally meets the woman of his dreams. Really, it is just a story about the absurdity of existence . . . and butts. For example, some conspiracy theorists believe the Philly experiment scattered the body parts of sailors across space time. Legs, arms, sometimes souls. But never, ever are there any discussions of butts getting strewn through time. I figure it's about time we talk about these butts. Where are these butts now? Is there some ancient hieroglyphic evidence of sailor butts in ancient Egypt, perhaps?
I guess I should return to my bizarro roots to answer this question. When working in any genre other than bizarro, my bizarro roots make me stand out. There's always an element of the weird in my work, and that's been the case before I even knew that what I wrote could be identified as bizarro. When I write bizarro, my work probably differs from others in the genre because it doesn't always comfortably fit the high concept model that is really popular right now. That can be a good thing and a bad thing. I re-read a review of my first book, Uncle Sam's Carnival of Copulating Inanimals, tonight. The reviewer described the themes as cluttered, which I can see in retrospect. There's too much being packed in there. I think it is something all beginning authors contend with. We finally get that chance to publish, so we try to pack it all in. It takes a while to learn how to slow down and address one issue at a time.
I let my passions guide me most of the time. Something sparks my interest and I keep diving in. The book I'm revising right now started with a YouTube video clip about the history of FCC regulations. I was intrigued, so I went to the local university library and started digging anything I could up relating to this subject. I branched out and branched out until I had the idea completely formed. Then I started writing.
The process I describe above isn't usually how I work best. I often come up with an idea and then just start writing. Often, if I know the end of my book I'll stop writing. I'm a storyteller at heart. Once the story is completed it my head, I don't feel the urge to get it out on paper. So I tease the story along. I usually end up cutting about 1/5 to 1/4 of the work afterwards because the approach I take is a bit sloppy and a lot of cutting is necessary to make the story concise and neat. But the last book I had outlined pretty well. I'm growing more disciplined now that I've grown up a bit as a writer. The book I'm working on currently had a mystery element to it, so I had to outline it more carefully than I normally would outline a work. I'm pleased with the results so far.
Kirk Jones (k3rk Dʒoʊnz): 1. English Director of Nanny McPhee 2. "Sticky Fingaz," rap artist and actor who played Blade for the television series 3. Canadian who survived a dive over Niagara Falls . . . only to return and pass upon his second attempt. 4. Boring white author of Uncle Sam's Carnival of Copulating Inanimals (Eraserhead Press, 2010), Journey to Abortosphere (Rooster Republic, 2014), and Die Empty (Atlatl, 2017) who often gets mistaken for the other, arguably more notable, Kirk Jones fellows. 5. Also not Kirk Byron Jones.
"A Minor Obstruction in the Piping"


Signed back of base [incised into marble], "I. GIBSON...". Not dated.
Renée Free, Art Gallery of New South Wales handbook , 'European', pg. 36-56, Sydney, 1988, 39, 40 (illus.), 41.
Walks through the studii of the sculptors at Rome , 146.
John Gibson; an English pupil of Thorvaldsen , 1978.
Gibson, Canova and Thorvaldsen , 1955.
Life of John Gibson R.A., Sculptor , London, 1870, 79-80.
Times , 11 Jan 1866.
Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 , London, 1953, 171-173.
Art Gallery of New South Wales picturebook , Sydney, 1972, 21 (colour illus.).
Australia's national collections , Sydney, 1980, 255 (illus.).


text:
What changes were made to the EB-5 program by USCIS in November 2019?
The two main changes relate to the minimum investment amount and how targeted employment areas would be defined. USCIS increased the minimum investment amount from $500,000 to $900,000. For projects not located in non-targeted employment areas, the minimum investment amount has been raised from $1 million to $1.8 million. To eliminate gerrymandering, it has also defined a targeted employment area as encompassing only the census tract in which the project is located and any or all directly adjacent census tracts.
What other changes were made?
USCIS has decided to allow for "priority date retention". This impacts primarily investors (and their children) from quota-affected countries such as China, India, and Vietnam who are subject to years-long waits for EB-5 visas. Specifically, if an investor files a petition and has it approved but has not received a visa, he can submit another petition and retain the first priority date if USCIS revokes the approval of the first petition for reasons unrelated to the investor (e.g., a project-related problem). This means that a child's age was frozen at the time of the first petition and will not age out — become unable to receive an EB-5 visa because he or she turned 21.
What practical impact may the increase in minimum investment have?
It is anticipated that the increase will lead to a decrease in the number of investors. Theoretically, this should result in faster USCIS processing times. In addition, because Regional Centers will be competing for less investors, their proposed returns on investment may increase. Also, their administrative fees to the investor may also increase to greater than $50,000. Finally, with the limits on gerrymandering census tracts, the prestige and attractiveness of the projects may diminish.
What is the difference between EB-5 and the E-2 Visa?
The E-2 Investor visa is a temporary visa that can be prolonged indefinitely, with investment sums starting at approximately $100,000 (depending on the business). Only nationals of countries that have bilateral investment treaties qualify for the E-2 visa. The main disadvantages are that the status is temporary (unlike a green card), the investor must work in the company and reside where the company is located, and the status can be forfeited if the business experiences financial difficulties. There is no immigration analog of the E-2, so it cannot be used as a platform for a green card unless the US enterprise and investor qualify under another immigration category (e.g., EB-5). The E-2 visa application process is also subject to more consular discretion; there is no petition submitted to USCIS. This means that the E-2 decision of the consular officer is not appealable, whereas EB-5 related decisions are, in general.
For how long is the green card valid under the EB-5 program?
The investor and dependents receive a conditional, 2-year green card. During the three-month period before the expiration, a petition is submitted to the USCIS requesting the removal of the condition. The condition will be removed upon a showing that the investment has been made; there were no material changes in the investment as planned at the initial petition stage; and that ten jobs were created by the investment. After the condition is removed, a new ten-year, unconditional green card is issued.
How does the EB-5 program differ from L-1A/EB-13 visas (manager/executive transfer)?
With an EB-5 visa, you obtain a green card for permanent residence in the United States. The green card is conditional. If the investment is made through a Regional Center, the investment may be passive — not requiring daily oversight — and the investor and his family may live, work, or study where they wish.
The L-1 visa is a temporary, work visa for an executive or manager, which has the following disadvantages: 1) requires prior employment in a related company overseas; 2) may never result in permanent residence; 3) has time limits (up to 5–7 years), 4) has to be extended periodically, requiring additional filings with the USCIS and an embassy abroad; 5) a related foreign company must continue to operate while the executive or manager is in L status; and 6) ties the holder to the company in which he or she is working. If the company lays off the employee, his status is lost.
While the L-1 visa can be a first step to a green card through the EB-13 petition process, USCIS has recently cracked down on L-1 extensions and EB-13 green card petitions for managers and executives of small businesses, requiring more subordinate employees to qualify. The advantage of the EB-13 petition is that if it is approved, the green card is unconditional.
For a more detailed comparison of EB-5 and L-1A/EB-13 categories, see the Business Immigration section of this website.
How long does the EB-5 application process take?
USCIS processing times greatly vary. At one time, it was possible to obtain a green card within 6 months. Now (in 2020), the entire process takes 2–4 years. For investors from countries in which the annual quota has been exceeded (e.g, China, India, Vietnam), the process can take much, much longer because visas are not immediately available to them.
My I-526 Petition has been pending with USCIS for more than 3 years. What can I do to expedite review of my process?
Besides making inquiries directly or through your attorney or Regional Center, one may file a lawsuit in a US federal court seeking what is called a writ of mandamus. Such action brings to the attention of the court USCIS neglecting its duty to act on a petition within a reasonable period of time. The mere filing of the lawsuit alone may prompt USCIS to adjudicate the petition.
My EB-5 visa application has been pending with the US Embassy for more than a year. What can I do?
As discussed above, one may file a lawsuit to compel action by a US government agency. Just like USCIS, the consular officer has a duty to make a decision on a visa application. Holding it in limbo under Section 221(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act is not a final decision.
How many EB-5 visas may be issued per year?
There are 10,000 EB-5 visas available to qualified foreigners each year. This includes visas for principal applicants and dependent family members (spouse, unmarried children under 21).
If I am already in the US on a work visa, is it necessary to return to my home country in order to obtain an EB-5 visa or permanent residence?
No. In order to obtain permanent residence in the US under the EB-5 program, you do not need to return to the country of your citizenship. You and the members of your family may apply to adjust status while in the United States. However, there is no concurrent filing of the EB-5 I-526 petition with an application to adjust status, i.e., it is necessary to have the EB-5 petition approved first, and only then can an application to adjust status be submitted.
What is the minimum investment required for the EB-5 program?
An investment of at least $1,800,000 is required. If the investment is made in a targeted employment area, the minimum requirement is $900,000.
Will my investment in a Regional Center project be returned if my petition is denied by USCIS?
It is important to understand the terms of the agreement to ensure a refund. Many Regional Center projects use specially-created escrow accounts in which your investment is frozen until your application is approved by the USCIS. Your money remains in that account and is not used for investment purposes unless and until your application is approved. In the event that your petition is denied, your investment will be returned to you. Other Regional Center projects use escrow accounts which permit the release of funds — or a portion — after a certain number of investors have had their petitions approved. In the event of an I-526 petition denial, they are obliged to return your funds. Some Regional Center projects use escrow accounts and release funds as the project requires. Other Regional Center projects do not use escrow accounts, but may be obliged to return the funds in the event of a refusal. Some escrow agreements may cover I-526 denials but not visa denials. Other agreements may require a refund within a certain period of time, or when a new investor is found, or "as soon as commercially practicable". Certain agreements may only refund the $900,000, but not the administrative expenses.
How does the US investment program differ from 2nd passport programs?
2nd passport programs offered by countries such as St. Kitts enable an investor to "buy" a passport immediately, without going through an intermediate "green card" phase. Depending on the country, these passports usually allow for visa-free travel to dozens of countries. A US green card, while facilitating the receipt of a visa to many countries, does not allow for visa-free travel if the holder is a national of a country for whom visas are required. Another benefit of some of these 2nd passport programs is that if the country has an investment treaty with the US, the holder of the passport may qualify for an E-2 visa. This may be an attractive option for citizens of countries with long EB-5 waits; they can obtain an E-2 visa and work and live in the US while waiting for the EB-5 process to play out.
How does the US investment program differ from other countries' immigrant investor programs?
The minimum investment of $900,000 to qualify for investor immigration in the United States remains comparable or more attractive than those of other countries. To qualify for the UK, it is necessary to invest £2 million. For Australia — AU$1.5 million. For Canada (Quebec) — C$1.2 million. In addition, other programs may require business experience or impose language requirements; the US does not have such requirements for immigrant investors.
Mr. K, an older successful entrepreneur, was tired of corruption and problems of doing business in his home country. He visited the Jay Peak project in Vermont, and decided to invest in it.
Case of I.K.


As any seasoned brunch-goer knows, Bloody Marys and Mimosas can get boring after a while. To add some excitement to your brunch, here are some of the best brunch cocktails to try.
Mimosas and Bloody Marys are wonderful brunch cocktails (and integral to most hangover cures, along with huge helpings of food). But if you're looking to spice up your classy day drinking game, these brunch cocktails will get you on the right track.
This wine-based cocktail puts a new spin on sangria by using rosé rather than white or red wine. The combination of pineapple, orange, and guava provides a fruity kick, and the rosé makes for a pretty pink color.
The combination of mint, cranberry, gin and a hint of sherry make the Cranberry Cobbler a great addition to brunch during the colder months. It's like liquid cobbler... just don't have too many, because gin.
The Peach Prosecco is the creation of Phoenix, Arizona bartender Sean Traynor. Vodka, peach liqueur and Prosecco are shaken together with lemon juice and peach nectar. This cocktail is fresh, light and a perfect mimosa alternative for brunch.
The Golden Sunset is like a more sophisticated Bloody Mary, made with fresh yellow or Sun Gold tomatoes instead of canned tomato juice or V8. It still has all the Bloody Mary necessities: Tabasco, Worcestershire, salt and pepper, pickle juice... plus, the yellow tomatoes make for a pretty golden hue.
A cold glass of sweet tea can be the perfect pick-me-up when you've eaten too many pancakes, and this cocktail combines homemade sweet tea with orange-flavored vodka. The beauty of this drink is that it's simple to make but tasty enough to impress friends when you're hosting brunch.
The beauty of brunch is that it allows you to drink tequila before noon as long as you dress it up enough. The Spicy Grapefruit Margarita combines tequila, habanero chiles, and grapefruit juice for a delicious combination of tart and spice.
The Berry Dangerous Fix is the perfect cocktail for a lazy summer brunch. Campari, simple syrup, fresh strawberries and aquavit make for a great balance of bitter and sweet in this refreshing pink drink.
Nothing says brunch like bubbles. The Parkside Fizz has almond-flavored syrup, citrus vodka, club soda and mint. It's refreshing, sweet, and will keep you energized through your third helping of waffles.
The Rabbit Punch is the brainchild of Los Angeles bartender Matt Wallace. It combines citrus, bourbon, champagne and sugar for a bubbly, fruity taste. Wallace recommends this punch for a springtime brunch; the flavors will help to bring you out of hibernation.
Brooklyn bartender Damon Boelte named the Leland Palmer, an adult version of the traditional Arnold Palmer, after the Twin Peaks character. This cocktail combines jasmine tea, limoncello, lemon juice, grapefruit juice, and gin for a perfect summer sipper.


text:
Italy Could Lose Government Reform Vote And Prime Minister Renzi
By Reuters	 On 11/27/16 at 4:05 PM EST
Prime Minister Matteo Renzi speaks at a meeting in support of the 'Yes' vote in the upcoming constitutional reform referendum in Rome, November 26. Alessandro Bianchi/Reuters
World Matteo Renzi Italy Government
When a handful of European leaders met Barack Obama in Berlin this month to say their goodbyes, Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi informed the group that he may well lose power before the U.S. president.
While Obama leaves office on Jan. 20, Renzi has promised to resign if he does not win a Dec. 4 referendum on constitutional reform, opening the way for renewed political instability in the eurozone's third largest economy.
"I have no desire to hang around if I lose," Renzi told the gathering, according to a diplomatic source who was at the low-key Nov. 18 meeting.
Opinion polls now predict Renzi's defeat, in what would be the third big anti-establishment revolt by voters this year in a major Western country, following Britain's unexpected vote to leave the European Union and the U.S. election of Donald Trump.
Pressure is mounting on Renzi to drop his threat and instead agree to remain in power to deal with the fallout from a 'No' vote, including the risk of a fullblown banking crisis.
Obama himself said in October that Renzi should "hang around for a while no matter what" and a number of businessmen and senior government officials contacted by Reuters said they feared the worst if the prime minister abandoned his post.
"My personal opinion is that Renzi should stay," Industry Minister Carlo Calenda said in an interview on Friday. "What needs to be considered ... is what is good for the country."
Three center-left politicians who are in regular contact with Renzi told Reuters that he would honor his word and immediately resign if he is beaten, worried that failure to do so would do irreparable damage to his political image.
'Young and Impulsive'
The Italian president could appeal to Renzi's sense of responsibility and ask him to seek a new mandate from parliament. His response might depend on the size of any defeat, with one advisor saying the 41-year-old premier could quit politics altogether if he suffers a huge snub next Sunday.
"He is young and impulsive," said the official, who declined to be named. "If the result is terrible, he might decide to call it a day and do something else with his life."
The referendum proposes constitutional reforms to strengthen the lower house of parliament and reduce the authority of the upper house Senate. Regions would lose some decision-making powers to bolster central government.
Renzi says the project is necessary to make Italy, which has had 63 governments since 1948, governable enough to enact reforms needed to revive its moribund economy. Opponents say it would reduce democratic checks and balances.
In the first week in December, Italy's third largest bank Monte dei Paschi di Siena has to launch a 5 billion euro ($5.3 billion) cash call. Investors are not expected to jump in if political instability prevails, meaning the state will almost certainly have to intervene swiftly to stave off collapse.
Although business leaders support Renzi's reforms, they have kept quiet during the referendum campaign, fearing they would prove the kiss-of-death in an era of anti-establishment angst.
But they are increasingly alarmed by the prospect of heavily indebted Italy drifting once more into political paralysis.
"I am afraid that if he loses the referendum (Renzi) really will give up," Ferruccio Ferragamo, chairman of fashion house Salvatore Ferragamo, told Reuters. "Italy can react to anything, but this really would be a step back."
Mixed Record
Opinion polls cannot be legally published in the final two weeks of campaigning, but the last 40 surveys released before the Nov. 18 cut-off showed the 'No' camp ahead by up to 11 percentage points.
A source in Renzi's Democratic Party (PD) said on Friday that private polls suggested this gap had closed to five points with a quarter of voters still undecided, meaning victory was still possible.
Initially the plan was backed by 70 percent of Italians, but when an over-confident Renzi said at the end of 2015 he would resign if defeated, opposition parties turned the referendum into a de facto ballot on his 2-1/2 years in office.
His record is mixed. Despite many reforms, Italy is set to have the third lowest growth in the 28-nation European Union in 2016 and the second lowest next year, according to EU forecasts. Unemployment is stuck above 11 percent and wages are stagnant.
A loss would provide more evidence of voter fury in Europe ahead of elections in France and Germany next year. And Renzi's exit could benefit populist ex-comedian Beppe Grillo, who wants to ditch the euro currency and whose Five Star movement won more than a quarter of the vote in Italy's last general election in 2013.
Renzi acknowledges that personalizing the vote was a mistake and in August he changed tack, refusing to discuss his future while on the campaign trail. But with polls showing no sign of recovery, the prime minister has doubled down on his original threat over the past two weeks.
"I'm not willing to take part in old-style political games. Either we change or I have no role to play," Renzi said this month—a line he regularly repeats at the frenzied round of rallies and media interviews he is undertaking before Dec. 4.
If he quits, it is not immediately clear what would happen next. The straightforward answer would be for Italy to hold national elections a year ahead of schedule.
Italy Could Lose Government Reform Vote And Prime Minister Renzi | World


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Home > News > NK Human Rights Issues
Local trade official arrested for defying order
https://www.dailynk.com/english/local-trade-official-arrested-defying-… [165]
Local trade official arrested for defying order to earn foreign currency
The Ministry of State Security has reportedly arrested a trade official who "audaciously" defied an order by North Korean authorities to earn foreign currency for the regime by any means necessary.
After the suspension of official trade this year due to the "infectious disease" (COVID-19), authorities ordered trade officials to "acquire foreign currency, even domestically." However, one "trade bureau official" was recently arrested by the Ministry of State Security when he failed to meet the quota he was assigned.
According to the source, North Korean authorities had dispatched trade bureau officials to the provinces after ordering them to use all means and methods to secure foreign currency. In early December, the authorities subjected the officials to a year-end review on how well they performed that task. That is, they saw the mission as part of the so-called "80-day battle" ahead of the Eighth Party Congress, which is scheduled to take place in early January.
"This year, trade bureau officials came to the plains and fishing bases of Hwanghae Province and worked hard to carry out their task," said the source. "However, during the review, one official came under scrutiny when, instead of showing remorse, he seemed uncaring of his failure to meet the foreign currency quota." ......
[Source: Daily NK]


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Like its predecessor, Zork II plays like any other text adventure: there are no graphics – only text – and the player types commands such as "lift cage" or "examine robot".
The player begins in the Barrow from Zork I armed only with the trusty brass lantern and the elvish sword of great antiquity from before. The objective of the game is not initially clear.
The Wizard of Frobozz is soon introduced. The wizard was once a respected enchanter, but when his powers began to fade he was exiled by Lord Dimwit Flathead. Now bordering on senility, the wizard is still a force to be reckoned with. The player's goal in the wizard's realm is to avoid his capricious tricks and to learn to control his magic.
Zork II has two notoriously difficult puzzles: the Bank puzzle, in which the player must figure out how to walk through several bank walls in order to figure out how to get out of bank with the loot from the vault without tripping the security alarm; and the Oddly-Angled Room, a diamond-shaped room filed with panes of glass representing baseball bases. The player must figure out how to traverse the diamond in order to open a door that will lead to the game's finale.
Like its predecessor, Zork II is essentially a treasure hunt. Unlike the previous game, the ten treasures are tied together by a crude plot. Finding the treasures does not end the game, nor are all the treasures needed to finish the game. Instead, the adventurer must figure out a way to use the treasures in order to reach the game's finale.
You can play Zork II: The Wizard of Frobozz online here, in web browser for free!


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This month, as the Western world plunges into the holiday season, two predictions can be made with confidence. First, most of us will spend time standing in a queue to buy goods or travel somewhere, even as we also spend more time shopping in cyberspace. Second, no matter how deeply we try to enter into the holiday spirit as we wait in line, that real-world queue will spark frustration, if not rage, at some point. The more the online world promises to deliver instant gratification, the harder it seems to be to wait.
Is there any way to relieve the frustration? That is a question that has been studied in recent years by companies ranging from Disney to Delta Air Lines in a field known as queue psychology. It is also something that Joost Vles, a specialist in operations management at the University of Buffalo in New York, has recently analysed with the help of a stopwatch and multiple visits to shops and airports.
His analysis is strangely heartening. Vles believes that if you want to make sense of queues, you need to start by pondering a concept called Little's Law, a mathematical theorem designed by MIT professor John Dutton Conant Little in the 1960s. This lays out a fairly basic idea that modern companies often embrace in their planning: the number of customers in any line is equivalent to their rate of arrival, multiplied by how long they take to pass through the system.
However, Vles points to an intriguing catch. When customers first arrive at a line, they usually assume that if there are several short queues, this shows good planning – but if there is a very long single line, that reflects stress on the system and looks daunting. This can be wrong, says Vles, if the single queue is being served by multiple employees. "Seeing a line snake back and forth across the width of a store three times can be deceiving as to how long you may actually have to wait," he observes in a recent blog post. "In what may appear to be a very long line, the service rate can be so good that the line moves very quickly."
Consumer companies have increasingly realised that having lots of short queues for individual service points can be a mistake. That is partly because they can create logistical logjams (if one of those service points is disrupted, the whole line behind it is blocked). But there is also a more subtle point: multiple queues create consumer choice. While consumers often claim to want as much choice as possible, the option of selecting a line can itself create uncertainty, stress and competitive anger. After all, the only thing worse than waiting in line is watching others jump the queue through luck or skill. The beauty of having a single line, by contrast, is that any delays get distributed across the entire system, Vles says. Call it if you like the upside of socialism: sometimes shared pain feels almost reassuring.
Then there is another point: if a line is arranged as a snake, there is the illusion of constant progress (ie small movement) relative to other people. A single line sometimes also enables companies to ease the pain by offering some distraction or entertainment. Richard Larson, an MIT professor who has studied queueing theory, says this tactic is used well by companies such as Disney. Even without such gimmicks, a single line can provide signposts to consumers, which is reassuring, according to queue psychologists. Hence the growing trend for airports, stores and Disney theme parks to arrange customers in a single line, often with waiting times. "Even if you see a very long line, as long as it's the only option, you should be pleased," Vles concludes. "You don't have to guess which line to get in. Little's Law means a single long line is the fairest way to get everyone out of there as fast as possible."
Unless, of course, a system is created that offers consumers the chance to "purchase" privileged access by paying a higher price (such as speedy access at airports). This is usually considered to be relatively fair, say queue psychologists, as long as the system for getting privilege is transparent and consistent.
Perhaps queue psychology has broader implications. We live in an age when we take it for granted that consumers want as much choice as possible. But when we think about how consumer companies and transport groups are increasingly organising their lines, there would seem to be another lesson too: people find it reassuring when there is a sense of fairness, a feeling of progress (however tiny), clear signposts and even a collective spirit of suffering. To put it another way, when it comes to queueing, a sense of centrally managed order often seems preferable than unfettered choice and competition. We might accept the idea that paying a higher price might produce some privilege but we want this done in a transparent way. Options that produce deeply unequal results for reasons that are unclear – but supposedly place the responsibility for "choice" on our shoulders – are stressful.
Could we learn from queueing science more widely, in non-consumer parts of our lives – say with the provision of government services or other goods? No doubt many readers would say "no" – nobody likes the idea of queueing in any form. But the next time you're standing in a line at an airport or shop, take note of how it is organised. If nothing else, it may help you become a touch more Zen.