text:
How can the Arab League support a no-fly zone over Libya and then complain after it is put in place?
by Robert Grenier
Air attacks by coalition forces have destroyed equipment belonging to Gaddafi's regime, but critics say too many civilians have been killed in the process [AFP]
No good deed, they say, goes unpunished.
Still, the haste with which Amr Moussa, secretary general of the Arab League, began to chastise those implementing the no-fly zone over Libya mandated by UN Security Council Resolution 1973 – a resolution, mind you, solicited only days before by the Arab League itself – was almost breathtaking.
It may be bad form to quote oneself, but this aspiring pundit cannot refrain from noting his prior observation in this space that the League's resolution endorsing a UN-sponsored no-fly zone to protect Libyan civilians fairly reeked of ambivalence.
In the same piece, this correspondent noted that it was perhaps too much to expect the US to take a leading role in promoting and then implementing a no-fly zone, if one were eventually adopted by the Security Council, given America's parlous standing in the region, where any perceived misstep would certainly be seized upon by its erstwhile Arab enablers as a sign of malevolent intent.
Nonetheless, and acting perhaps against his better judgement, president Obama took the League's resolution as an indication of regional support and joined the British and French in pressing for a UN-sponsored no-fly zone.
Diplomatic language
The Security Council, fortunately, was alive to the reality that a measure designed ostensibly to protect civilians, but which limited itself to the threat from aircraft, ignoring the far more deadly menace posed by Gaddafi's tanks and artillery, would amount to little more than posturing.
The Council therefore adopted language permitting "all necessary measures" to protect civilian populations "under threat of attack".
It is good that this language was included. Without it, French jets would not have had authorisation to attack the tank columns closing in on Benghazi and Ajdabiyah. Without it, significant regime elements might by now have penetrated in force into densely-populated areas of Benghazi, beyond the effective reach of coalition aircraft, and prepared to visit Gaddafi's revenge on the turbulent people of Libya's second-largest city in their own way, and in their own good time.
Perhaps it was just this action which gave Amr Moussa second thoughts.
Whatever the proximate reason, sure enough, the secretary general was voicing doubts barely hours after the resolution went into effect, expressing concern over the vigour of coalition attacks and the possibility of coalition-induced civilian casualties, throwing continued Arab League support for the effort into considerable doubt.
As Raghida Dergham of Al Hayat newspaper put it to him in a subsequent interview, did he not know that enforcement of a no-fly zone would "require bombings on the ground"?
In that same interview, questioned as to the prospect of continued violence and an open-ended Libyan civil war, Mr. Moussa suggested the likelihood of quick success for the UN's humanitarian mission, with the prospect of a ceasefire and international observers in place.
This is pious nonsense, and Moussa knows it. Anyone having the barest acquaintance with the Libyan regime is fully aware that there will be no ceasefire worthy of the name, and that Gaddafi will stop at nothing until his enemies are eradicated.
The rebels know this full well: This will be a fight to the finish, and the price of failure, at least for the rebels, will be death.
A regime schooled for years by the East Germans in the use of domestic terror as a means of political control is not about to reach a "peace of the brave" with those whom it regards as traitors.
Indeed, one shudders at the thought of what must be happening, as these words are written, in areas thus far retaken by the regime.
Power without responsibility
No, the words of the outgoing secretary general and aspiring president of Egypt are those of one long accustomed to operating secure in the knowledge that he will never be expected to act upon his words, and can leave those actions to others; that he will never have to take genuine moral responsibility for unintended consequences he can neither foresee nor control; and that he can content himself with demands for outcomes free of moral ambiguity, without having to produce them himself.
Those days, thankfully, may soon come to an end. The demand for changes in the quality of Arab leadership will come both from the international community and from Arab citizens themselves.
The text of resolution 1973 explicitly exhorts members of the League of Arab States to involve themselves in carrying out the military actions it provides for; thus far, only little Qatar and the United Arab Emirates have pledged to do so.
Obama has wisely insisted that the US step aside, once having made those contributions only it can make, in order to cede leadership to others, including those in the Arab world, whose interests are far more directly at stake in Libya than are those of the US.
And Turkish prime minister Erdogan has very wisely insisted that, while NATO may take on the role of operational coordination of military actions in Libya, the burden of political guidance, in what will inevitably become a highly complicated and politically uncertain situation, be far more widely shared.
Here especially, Arab nations should not be allowed, and should not allow themselves, to avoid responsibility.
Of the three elements of UN-mandated action in Libya – a weapons embargo, a no-fly zone, and protection of civilians – the first two are relatively easy; the third is exceedingly ambiguous and difficult.
As the Libyan rebels continue efforts to free themselves from a vile regime from which they can expect no quarter, the international community is sure to be confronted with a series of difficult choices.
When and where should coalition aircraft intervene to attack the regime's superior armour, artillery and rocket forces, when their mandate is restricted to civilian protection?
The logic of the situation dictates that short of outright regime change, large numbers of Libyan civilians, who can never again be considered reliable by the regime, will remain abjectly vulnerable to the tender mercies of Gaddafi, even if far from the front lines of battle. Who will protect them?
Libyans in control
Virtually no one argues that the international community should remove Gaddafi by direct use of force, no matter how fervently they may desire his fall.
Clearly, Libyans must be the agents of their own liberation, if free they are to be. For this, moreover, they will have to pay a heavy price in blood.
But the action or inaction of international air forces will doubtless play an important role in determining whether the Libyan people's sacrifices are to be rewarded with success or with tragedy. The Arab world must share in the moral responsibility for those choices.
Already, detractors of Obama are attacking him for what they describe as his timidity in trying to cede leadership in this crisis to others. Seizing upon the limitations and internal inconsistencies of the recent UN resolution, they are demanding that the US provide the consistent leadership that is unlikely to come from an international committee.
Obama will be wise to ignore these taunts.
Yes, some Libyans may well die needlessly due to the vagaries and inconsistencies in tactical decision-making which will inevitably occur as those who take up practical implementation of UNSCR 1973 over the longer term struggle with that responsibility.
But the American president must also remember that the struggle within Libya, no matter how gripping and morally compelling to some, including this observer, does not engage core US national security interests.
In this instance, it should be an element of US leadership to demand a greater degree of responsibility and political maturity from others – including those in the leadership class of the Arab world. Eventually, the Arab people will demand nothing less.
It is part of the logic of the democratisation process in the Arab world, however lengthy and uncertain that process may be, that those who have taken their lives and their destinies into their own hands, who have assumed responsibility for their own fate, and taken decisive action on their own behalf, will demand the same of their leaders on the regional and international level.
Amr Moussa, who aspires to leadership of the country in the vanguard of that process, would do well to keep this looming imperative in mind.
Robert Grenier is a retired, 27-year veteran of the CIA's Clandestine Service. He was Director of the CIA's Counter-Terrorism Centre from 2004 to 2006.
Robert Grenier is a retired, 27-year veteran of the CIA's Clandestine Service.
@ rlaurentgrenier
Ghana gas station blasts kill at least seven
Trump on North Korea: 'Only one thing will work'
Qatar condemns deadly attack on Saudi palace in Jeddah
Gunman killed after attack near Saudi palace in Jeddah


text:
Why Electronic Arts is a superb Buy
Whether you're a die-hard fan of the Electronic Arts series, or simply curious about the business's future, you can't afford to avoid the opportunity to check out among their latest titles. After all, the stock price of Electronic Arts jumped as high since it did in July 2015, and it's on track to hit a new all-time high by enough time it hits market saturation on June 18, 2020. Here's why the business is a superb buy:
The company launched its storefront on Steam in 2011, and has been adding content ever since, like the release of Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order on the platform in the fall. In the past year, it has added more than twenty-five games to its marketplace, and is currently likely to expand this offering even more. In nov 2014, EA announced that it could offer EA Access to PlayStation and Xbox users. The service can be acquired for $5 per month or $30 annually, with a premium tier for $15 monthly and $100 annually.
The brand new EA SEED incubator aims to make the gaming industry more democratized, also to give players the choice of where to play. The company is also committed to making gaming more accessible to all users. Cloud-based games allow gamers to play AAA HD-quality games on any platform, and cross-play is becoming a foundational feature of a few of the industry's most popular titles. This means that players can play with anyone on any platform.
EA's new incubator, EA SEED, will focus on developing games for mobile platforms. It will work with publishers such as Google and Facebook to generate innovative new experiences. Eventually, it will be possible to use AR/VR in the game, and the company will likely be one of the world's largest publishers of digital games. However, this means that the company must continue steadily to invest in new gaming technologies, including VR.
The SEED incubator is part of EA's strategy. The EA SEED program can be an incubator, which aims to develop and launch games. It will provide funding to game developers, which in turn will help the company to generate more popular games. As the incubator won't offer direct funding, it'll provide a home for many aspiring developers. And it'll help raise the company's brand image and reputation. It is a big win for consumers, as the new venture isn't only a success for the gaming industry, but also a win for the companies.
EA SEED has three locations. The initial one, EA Bright Light, is based in Guildford, England. The second, dubbed EA UK, is situated in Irvine, California. While the third, the SEED, is the headquarters of EA. Its headquarters come in Orange County, California, and the SEED is in London. It had been acquired from the British company, Westwood Pacific, in August 1998, and renamed to be called the EA.
The rebranding by EA also aligns with the business's strategic direction. Regardless of the success of its games, the business isn't ready to adjust to the changing environment. It really wants to stay competitive, and it really wants to be the best in the industry. The goal is to make people want to buy games, not to get them. These games need to be fun, and EA is willing to make it work.
The EA Play subscription service launched on Steam without any games, but it may also be coming to other platforms. The business plans to create subscriptions to mobile devices and other devices. The new cope with Microsoft and Google gives the company the benefit of cross-playing. In the meantime, players can play with friends on other platforms, as long as their 인터넷 바카라 computers can support the operating-system. These three companies are concentrating on numerous connected goals.
The business has recently launched the EA SEED incubator in New York City, where it will use game developers to build up games for mobile platforms. Over the last holiday season, the business lost millions and has had to consolidate its gaming units. The new business model will concentrate on mobile games. A successful video game developer is more prone to have more revenue than a failed one. With this acquisition, players know that the companies will continue steadily to have a competitive advantage when it comes to the marketplace.
← The Cardroom away 101	88 Fortunes Review →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
https://celticswire.usatoday.com/2020/03/31/nba-boston-celtics-sports-illustrated-new-mock-draft-no-ncaa/
Sports Illustrated releases mock with backcourt focus for Boston
Sports Illustrated's Jeremy Woo published a new mock 2020 NBA Draft Tuesday with a guard-heavy projection for the Boston Celtics to select with their three first-round picks in the upcoming draft.
Woo's new draft focuses on how teams will adapt in the absence of an NCAA tournament to evaluate prospects — one of several such opportunities that may not be on the table for teams due to the impact of the coronavirus on professional sports and life more generally.
The current standings are used for draft order prediction, and with all of Boston's potential picks likely to fall outside the 2020 NBA Draft lottery range, it matters less for the purposes of pick order than many teams if the league is able to restart at least part of the regular season.
Where do prospects like Anthony Edwards and Cole Anthony project after the NCAA tournament was canceled? @JeremyWoo takes a look in his latest mock draft: https://t.co/Ta0D3dsQk6 pic.twitter.com/tOYDPAvI3J
— Sports Illustrated (@SInow) March 31, 2020
As things stand now, Boston would pick at No. 17 overall (via the selection owed them by the Memphis Grizzlies), No. 26 overall (their own pick) and 30th overall (the pick owed to them by the league-best Milwaukee Bucks).
Way-too-early look at the Boston Celtics' 2021 NBA draft prospects
While the ink on the contracts signed by prospects from the 2020 NBA draft may not yet be dry, for some it is never too early to start thinking about the next draft.
Among that set is For The Win's Bryan Kalbrosky, who put together a comprehensive mock for the 2021 draft with two selections in mind for the Boston Celtics included. While you might not like where the Celtics are slotted to draft (20th overall in the first round and 50th overall in the second), don't blame Kalbrosky; that estimation was gleaned by ESPN's Kevin Pelton based on...
New Celtic Payton Pritchard talks coming season, board game wars
Boston Celtics rookie point guard Payton Pritchard recently sat down with team reporter Amanda Pflugrad to interview the Celtics' newest floor general, touching on a wide variety of topics to help us get to know the Oregon native better.
The 6-foot-2 distributor attended his hometown University of Oregon for a full four seasons before being selected by Boston with the 26th overall pick, which he admitted surprised him a bit on draft night.
"I knew they liked me," explained Pritchard, " I only did one interview with them.
"I knew there was some interest but I didn't know if they would actually...
WATCH: Full Celtics introductory presser for Aaron Nesmith, Payton Pritchard
The Boston Celtics introduced their two new rookie prospects Tuesday afternoon, fresh off being selected by the team in the 2020 NBA draft. In a virtual press conference, the duo met the media as Celtics for the first time.
The pair -- small forward Aaron Nesmith, formerly of Vanderbilt University, and point guard Payton Pritchard, previously with the Oregon Ducks -- answered questions about their arrival in Boston and impressions of the city as well as their fit on the team, health and other important issues.
They also had jokes, such as when Pritchard threw a jab at new teammate Grant...


text:
Q: PayPal IPN not working on Live so I've been building this project and the IPN worked perfectly for my Sandbox - but as soon as I changed the URL to live, I got this log message.
I tried using this as a solution but still receiving the error.
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Connection: Close', 'User-Agent: company-name'));

The Message response I get is

    <TITLE>Access Denied</TITLE>

Access Denied

    You don't have permission to access "https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" on this server.

    Reference #18.........

The IPN im using is this one :
https://github.com/paypal/ipn-code-samples/blob/master/paypal_ipn.php
Can anyone please help. Thanks

A: It seems that I made an mistake, instead of adding in the additional line :
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Connection: Close', 'User-Agent: company-name'));

I had to acutally just add in :
, 'User-Agent: company-name'

in the line that already existed. It's working now.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Nice shoulder turn in the backswing, but he's way off balance. That seal's going into the water on the right. Huge slice.
I suspect March of the Penguins II: Take back the Night is going to be huge at the box office.
Seals no longer able to id their own species for reproductive purposes. Buy out of the money "existing" puts and wait.
But what if they have yellow bow ties?
Boyband – Ace Greenberg is NOT a Seal, don't let your eyes fool you.
I'm voting LOS #1 in alternative animal kingdom research next year in the Institutional Investor rankings because of this post.


text:
First Global Inc. (3)
This notice is issued by the Financial Supervision Commission ("the Commission") in accordance with the powers conferred upon it under Section 22 of the Financial Supervision Act 1988.
Peerless Equity Group Limited Global Asset Principals Limited First Global Inc. of Nevada
Please refer to the Public Warnings issued on 16 July 2002 and 5 September 2002 under the title "First Global Inc." and "First Global Inc. (2)."
The Commission understands that First Global Inc. has issued a rebuttal of the information contained in the Public Warning dated 16 July 2002. The content of the first Public Warning, obtained from public sources and through communications with the directors of the legitimate Isle of Man incorporated companies G.A.P. Limited and P.E.G Limited, is accurate at its date of issue, and remains accurate now. The same is true of the second Public Warning issued by the Commission on 5 September 2002.
The Commission is aware that First Global Inc. is publicly indicating that it intends to bring a lawsuit against the Commission for USD 100 million. The Commission would welcome the opportunity to reiterate the correct position on these matters in Court.
Part of the First Global Inc. rebuttal document attempts to perpetuate the false impression that the non-existent entities Global Asset Principals Limited and Peerless Equity Group Limited do exist, by claiming that the supposed Isle of Man companies of that name were registered in the United Kingdom under the trading names Global Asset Principals Limited and Peerless Equity Group Limited. At the time the Commission became aware of this claim, 6 September 2002, investigations conducted by the Commission indicated that there were no entities registered as trading names or as incorporated companies in those names in the United Kingdom.
However, the Commission is now aware from United Kingdom public records that companies were incorporated in the United Kingdom on 9 September 2002 in the names of Global Asset Principals Limited (company number 04530756) and Peerless Equity Group Limited (company number 04529992). These incorporations post-date the claims that the companies already existed under registered trading names. Both UK companies are shown as having a registered office address of 1 Saville Chambers, 5 North Street, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8DF, England. JL Nominees One Limited is recorded as corporate director of both companies, and JL Nominees Two Limited is recorded as corporate secretary to both companies. JL Nominees One Limited and JL Nominees Two Limited have the same registered office address as the United Kingdom companies Global Asset Principals Limited and Peerless Equity Group Limited.
The directors of the Isle of Man incorporated companies G.A.P. Limited and P.E.G. Limited have indicated that there is no connection whatsoever between them and the newly incorporated companies in the United Kingdom in the names of Global Asset Principals Limited and Peerless Equity Group Limited. Any claims to the contrary are false.
The Commission would reiterate that Global Asset Principals Limited and Peerless Equity Group Limited are not Isle of Man incorporated companies, and as they do not exist in the Isle of Man , they have no connection with the legitimate Isle of Man companies G.A.P. Limited and P.E.G. Limited.
The Commission would also reiterate that Peerless Equity Group Limited and Global Asset Principals Limited are not legitimate alternative designations for the Isle of Man incorporated companies P.E.G. Limited and G.A.P. Limited respectively. It is important to note that there is no connection whatsoever between P.E.G. Limited, G.A.P. Limited and the newly incorporated companies in the United Kingdom. Any claims to the contrary are false.
The Commission would urge any member of the public contacted by any person purporting to represent First Global Inc., Peerless Equity Group Limited or Global Asset Principals Limited to exercise the greatest possible caution before proceeding, bearing in mind the content of this Public Notice and the Public Notices issued on 16 July 2002 and 5 September 2002.
Any persons with any concerns about these entities should contact the Enforcement Division on +44 1624 689312 or by email to fsc@gov.im.


Shane Ochsner, formerly of Hands, joins The Antidote for some insights into his new band, Everything In Slow Motion. Oschner's new recording, Phoenix, releases Dec 10th. We'll share some of the conversation we had with him regarding the album and air a number songs from this extraordinary recording including the outstanding single, "Most Days".


text:
#pragma once
#include <aws/elastictranscoder/ElasticTranscoder_EXPORTS.h>
#include <aws/elastictranscoder/ElasticTranscoderRequest.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/memory/stl/AWSString.h>
#include <utility>

namespace Aws
{
namespace ElasticTranscoder
{
namespace Model
{

  /**
   *
The CancelJobRequest structure.

See Also:
   AWS
   * API Reference

   */
  class AWS_ELASTICTRANSCODER_API CancelJobRequest : public ElasticTranscoderRequest
  {
  public:
    CancelJobRequest();

    // Service request name is the Operation name which will send this request out,
    // each operation should has unique request name, so that we can get operation's name from this request.
    // Note: this is not true for response, multiple operations may have the same response name,
    // so we can not get operation's name from response.
    inline virtual const char* GetServiceRequestName() const override { return "CancelJob"; }

    Aws::String SerializePayload() const override;

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline const Aws::String& GetId() const{ return m_id; }

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline bool IdHasBeenSet() const { return m_idHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline void SetId(const Aws::String& value) { m_idHasBeenSet = true; m_id = value; }

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline void SetId(Aws::String&& value) { m_idHasBeenSet = true; m_id = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline void SetId(const char* value) { m_idHasBeenSet = true; m_id.assign(value); }

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline CancelJobRequest& WithId(const Aws::String& value) { SetId(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline CancelJobRequest& WithId(Aws::String&& value) { SetId(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
The identifier of the job that you want to cancel.

To get a list of
     * the jobs (including their jobId) that have a status of
     * Submitted, use the ListJobsByStatus API action.

     */
    inline CancelJobRequest& WithId(const char* value) { SetId(value); return *this;}

  private:

    Aws::String m_id;
    bool m_idHasBeenSet = false;
  };

} // namespace Model
} // namespace ElasticTranscoder
} // namespace Aws

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A talented quartet of senior art students at Adair County High School were recognized earlier this month at the Southern Kentucky Performing Arts Center (SKyPAC) in Bowling Green, Ky. for their entries in the Scholastic Art & Writing competition, a national contest for high school students. Hanna Scott, Elizabeth Spoon, Jacob Absher, and Serena Corbin each won awards at the event, held Saturday, March 4.
The contestants' works were blindly judged based on originality, technical skill, and the emergence of a personal vision or voice.


text:
Q: term doesnt evaluate to 1 argument in std algorithm when using unary op defined with std::unique_ptr I am trying to use a std::unique_ptr functor in std algorithms but if i use it like this:
std::unique_ptr<IFormatter> format(new formatter("abcd"));
std::transform(vec.begin(), vec.end(), vec.begin(), *format.get())

I am getting compilation error saying:

Error 1   error C2064: term does not evaluate to a function taking 1 arguments.

Complete program below:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

struct IFormatter
{
protected:
    std::string keyFormat;
    void fun(std::string& str)
    {
        // do something here.
    }
public:
    IFormatter(std::string keyFormat) : keyFormat(keyFormat) {}
    virtual std::string operator() (const std::string &key) = 0;
};

struct formatter : IFormatter
{
    formatter(std::string keyFormat) : IFormatter(keyFormat) {}
    std::string operator() (const std::string &key)
    {
            std::string s = keyFormat;
            fun(s);
            return s;
    }
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<std::string> vec{ "one", "two" };
    std::unique_ptr<IFormatter> format(new formatter("$ID$"));
    // This line compiles fine if i define format as - formatter format("abcd");
    std::transform(vec.begin(), vec.end(), vec.begin(), format.get());
    start s;
    return 0;
}

EDIT: Thanks all for the suggestions but format.get() was a typo, I was using *format.get() & i had tried with *format (I agree that get() is not really needed.). Using std::ref(*format) isnt solving the problem. This is strange but i still gets same error.
P.S. IF it matters i am using visual studio 2013.

A: std::transform(vec.begin(), vec.end(), vec.begin(), std::ref(*format));

A pointer isn't callable. But you have a pointer-to-base, so std::ref to avoid slicing.

Since MSVC 2013's reference_wrapper hates abstract classes, use a lambda:
std::transform(vec.begin(), vec.end(), vec.begin(),
               [&](const std::string& s) { return (*format)(s); });


Dr. L. D. Johnson was the chaplain when Donna and I were students at Furman. Dr. Johnson was a brilliant scholar who also had an incredible gift for understanding and pointing out what truly matters in life. In light of that, those who deliver the lectures given in his memory and honor are asked to address what they believe truly matters in life today.
The sermon series will, likewise. Focus on those things that truly matter. Topics will include perspective, grace, the inevitability of the kingdom of God, the Easter message, our response to the resurrection, security, love, receptivity to God's voice, a sense of expectancy and three things that matter most. I have this sense that, as our nation gets more and more caught up in the political process (as important as that may be), perhaps this is a good time to remind ourselves of those things that matter, not just in the political world, but in the spiritual world as well.
I hope you will be present as much as possible for this series and, as always, I would value your reflection on these messages.


text:
Q: How do I limit administrative tasks for normal users? I want to limit administrative tasks, so users cannot mess up the system. My idea was to install Ubuntu, set up automatic login, and hand it to the users without them knowing the password. However, I now need to disable automatic  login, and let the users lock their screen too, but if I give them the password for these task, they will also be able to manage the system.
So, is there any way to set different passwords for administrative tasks (updates, installations, sudo) and session tasks (login, lock screen, etc)?

A: Only users that have an "Administrator" account can use sudo, other users can't.  By default only the first user (created during install) has "Administrator" rights.  You can also change the account type at any time using the configuration panel for user accounts (but of course only a user with an "Administrator" account can change it ;) ).
Technical implementation detail: Ubuntu uses membership of the usergroup admin to determine if a user has "administrator rights".

A: Remove your users from the admin group. Give them their passwords. They will be able to login and lock their screens, but will not be able to modify the system through updates or installing system-wide programs.
The following shell excerpt removes the user djeikyb from the admin group.
id shows information about a user. The n and G options make the command print the names of the groups the user is in.
usermod with G option lets you specify what groups you want a user in. I just copied and pasted the id -nG output and added commas in between each group name. The user you want to affect is named at the very end of the command.
$ id -nG djeikyb
djeikyb adm dialout cdrom audio video plugdev admin
$ usermod -G djeikyb,adm,dialout,cdrom,audio,video,plugdev djeikyb
$ id -nG djeikyb
djeikyb adm dialout cdrom audio video plugdev

A: You could create your own user and put yourself in the admin group (the group used for administrating the box), then remove the other user from that group.
I don't see why you need to keep it to a single account. This is the basic reason for using multiple accounts (permissions)


text:
By Jerome O'Connor
WHERE IKE MADE THE DECISION OF THE CENTURY
Less than a mile from one of the D-Day embarkation ports in Portsmouth, England, unchanged Southwick House is where General Eisenhower made the decision of the century – the go-ahead to invade the European continent. It is one of 22 chapters in a new book to reveal – often for the first time – the little-known or even fully ignored but essential people, places, and great events of civilization's greatest war. A release date of March 1, 2019 has been set by Lyons Press/Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Group. To include scores of photos, many never before seen, the book will bring readers into the existing places essential to the conduct of the war and its outcome. It will connect the past with the present by bringing readers to the same places that time forgot. Reserve your copy on Amazon.com or Barnes & Noble now.
Return here for periodic insights, including portions of book chapters, with vintage and current photos by the author taken at the same locales where history was made. Regular previews on these pages will include the considerable remains of the Eighth Air Force bases in England, from where thousands of attacks against occupied France and Nazi Germany were conducted. (The Eighth AAF had ten times the losses incurred by the U.S infantry.) The rarely-visited and virtually unknown remains of scores of bases are scattered throughout the East Anglia regions of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire. Each chapter includes deeply researched historical insights and vivid then and now photos of the locales that changed the history of our time.
About Jerome O'Connor
Jerome M. O'Connor, a Chicago area journalist, historian and college educator, produces and lectures about the little-known, overlooked, or under-reported people, places and great events of modern history. To qualify, all locations must exist and are accessible. Deeply researched and dynamically presented multi-media programs result in numerous return invitations. Currently available are personally conducted tours to view and enter facilities depicted in his Chicago Tribune features, ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACY and MOTOR ROW MEMORIES. Updated is the photographic result of a return visit to Bletchley Park in England, where 12,000 code-breakers revealed the 'secret of the century,' the breaking of the Nazi Enigma cypher machine. O'Connor was the first journalist to reveal its existence in a widely viewed 1997 cover feature in Naval History magazine and in British Heritage magazine in 1998. In an appearance at the U.S. Naval Academy, O'Connor was awarded "Author of the Year" by the U.S. Naval Institute. His much awaited first book, THE HIDDEN PLACES OF WORLD WAR II, enters the overlooked locales essential to victory in WW II. Published in 2019 by Lyons Press, an imprint of Rowman and Littlefield Publishing, it honors the sacrifice of 16 million young men and women who saved civilization in its darkest hour.	View all posts by Jerome O'Connor →
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How do you do the right thing when there are only bad choices to be made? Can a hardened war criminal have a conscience? Is the line between good and evil really very thin? These are some of the problematic questions thrown up by Joseph Canon's new novel. Reading it on the heels of watching the Richard Gere starrer " Arbitrage" (about the morals of high finance) one realizes that today's increasingly complex world throws up the same eternal questions: those debated upon by the ancient Greeks, the stuff of their epic tragedies. The axiom, that nothing really changes holds true. How can it— Man, the pivotal player continues to be propelled by the same dark emotions of greed, lust, envy, et al.
With this as its subterranean text, Canon's novel stands as an intimate exploratory portrait of Istanbul post Second World War: a neutral city straddling Europe and Asia with shadow players seeking dominance on the world stage. Set in the early years of the Cold War, it has the US and Soviet Russia treading warily to establish their respective `blocs'. Remember the Marshall Plan and its ensuing role play?
Comes Leon Bauer, expatriate American businessman married to a German Jew—ostensibly engaged in the tobacco trade. Why ostensibly, because, wait a minute– he is also a spook for the CIA. He does the odd undercover jobs and courier runs to support the Allied post war effort. But, given a routine task of escorting ex-Romanian Nazi war criminal Alexei Jianu, to a waiting American aircraft, he finds events turns bloody. A complex nightmare ensues. There follow plenty murders and an unexpected love affair. The backdrop of constant and complex maneuverings of the American, Russian, Turkish and Jewish Secret Services—keep one riveted till the final denouement.
But this is not simply a spy thriller set in an apprehensive city preparing for the exigencies and self –questioning of post war relevance in a new world. It is much more.
Canon superbly brings out the decadent and opulent atmosphere of the late Ottoman Empire with the involvement of `Lily' –one of the last remnants of the late Sultan Ahmet Pasha's harem—now a rich Istanbul hostess, a pragmatic Altan of the Turkish Secret Service, the bumbling and seemingly incompetent Turkish officer Gulun, and the humane and helpful Armenian whore Marina.
The Jewish Underground is headed by one named Mihai. He uses Leon's Jewish wife Kate, to smuggle out East European compatriots to Palestine—to the newly carved state of Israel. But an accidental capsizing of a ship drowns over 400 Jews, mostly children. This brings the guilt-ridden Kate into a quasi– comatose state brought about by a violent nervous breakdown.
To complicate matters further, Kay Bishop, wife of Leon's soon–to–be CIA boss at Ankara, falls in love with Leon. All these eventful episodes hone Leon's amateur skills in espionage and boost his love life a la James Bond.
Unlike Orhan Pamuk's aesthetic rendering of a time gone by, Canon's portrait of Istanbul is sparingly painted; the sights, atmosphere and backdrop are rendered with crisp but stylish economy. His literary style too is not laced with Pamuk's descriptive narrative but is hallmarked by continuous dialogue that propels the plot forward at a steady trot.
Canon is author of the acclaimed `The Good German'. His work is considered to be of the same relevance as that of John le Carre or Graham Greene. In exploring a post Ottoman Istanbul, hub for refugees and spies, he provides an evocative setting for intrigue, moral turpitude and a world polity made of constantly shifting loyalties set in the city's picturesque bazaars, mosques and faded mansions of yore.


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"We learned nothing"
The Bauhaus stands for equal rights: some women made extraordinary careers there, other lives underwent dramatic turns.
Ute Maasberg / 18.12.2018
Bauhaus women in action - a photo by Katt Both Privatbesitz Nachlass Katt Both
"We learned nothing, we only strengthened our character," grumbled the architect Katt Both about her studies at the Bauhaus in Dessau. Disproportionately many women students, up to a third, studied art, design and architecture at the Bauhaus. Unlike at universities, the Bauhaus required no university entrance certificate. And its founding director, Walter Gropius, promised equal treatment for the sexes. Absolute equality never existed, but some Bauhaus women were able to establish themselves in the former male domains of architecture and design and go on to lead exceptional lives.
The tea and extract pot by Marianne Brandt dpa-Zentralbild
"The best and the brightest"
For example, the artist and metal designer Marianne Brandt, who as a student designed a Bauhaus icon in 1924 with her tea and extract pot of brass and ebony, took over the management of the metal workshop in 1928. Here, along with Hin Bredendieck, she designed lighting fixtures for series production and organized the cooperation with companies from which the whole Bauhaus benefited. For her teacher László Moholy-Nagy, she was her best and brightest student. No wonder that Walter Gropius hired her in 1929 to furnish the Dammerstock housing estate in Karlsruhe.
Immortalized in children's drawings
The Austrian artist Friedl Dicker-Brandeis, who followed Bauhaus master Johannes Itten to Weimar, studied printing and bookbinding in the textile class. In 1923, together with Franz Singer, she ran the "Werkstätten Bildender Kunst" (Workshops for Visual Art). In this successful collaboration Dicker's diverse talents as an interior designer, painter, graphic designer and architect came to fruition. Dicker and Singer developed innovative home furnishings with cunningly-designed and versatile furniture. In 1942, Dicker was deported to Theresienstadt. Her drawing and design lessons, with which she gave strength to children in the ghetto, have been preserved in more than 5,000 children's drawings. Friedl Dicker was murdered at Auschwitz in 1944.
Katt Both in the Wassily chair Privatbesitz Nachlass Katt Both
The first woman architect
Katt Both was able to use the close network that the avant-garde established at the Bauhaus to launch her career. After studying in Dessau, she worked in the architect office of the Luckhardt brothers in Berlin and was finally hired in March 1929 by Otto Haesler in Celle as the first woman architect. She took part in all major construction projects of the office.
The "architectural nomad"
The advent of National Socialism and the employment bans after 1933 caused a profound break in the lives of most of the Bauhaus women. Only a few were able to return to the careers they had made in the 1920s after 1945. One of these was the architect and town planner Lotte Stam-Beese. She was engaged in the reconstruction of Rotterdam. In 1929 she had broken off her studies at the Bauhaus and began to roam like an "architectural nomad" throughout Europe, constantly looking for a job as a designer. She wanted to be autonomous and independent, and this as a young mother. In 1932 she followed the German construction brigades of Hannes Meyer and Ernst May to the Ukraine and there got to know the Dutch architect Mart Stam. Both left the USSR in 1940 and Stam-Beese, then 41 years-old, obtained her architect's diploma in Amsterdam and began her career as a city-planner.
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"The Bauhaus embodies freedom"
More than good forms: Claudia Perren, Director of the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation, reveals why the Bauhaus still inspires creative people today.


🎉 Happy 2019 to Everyone 🎇🎇🤩🎉 Quotes for the Year 2019: "Purpose is the reason you journey. Passion is the fire that lights the way…..
Posted on December 31, 2018 CategoriesBlogTags2018, 2019, ambition, Brisbane, Business, celerbration, Connect, connection, fireworks, motivated, New, newyear, Night, passion, people, plan, QLD, Queensland, reocrd, Start, Team, video, view, welcome, world, yearLeave a comment on 🎉 Happy 2019 to Everyone 🎇🎇🤩🎉 Quotes for the Year 2019: "Purpose is the reason you journey. Passion is the fire that lights the way…..


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Raised beds make gardening easy anywhere you have space
Tue., May 31, 2016timer4 min. read
The great thing about raised-bed gardening is that it opens a world of possibilities in places where growing things (besides weeds) seems almost impossible.
If your garden is "maxed out" with no room for another flower bed, you can have a raised bed - think of it as a garden in a big box - on your patio, your deck, your driveway or even your (flat) roof or balcony. If the only sunny part of your property is the front garden, build a decorative raised bed there and grow the flowers and vegetables you dreamed of - while impressing the neighbours. Or perhaps you've recently bought a fixer-upper house and the only spot to grow anything is where the last owners parked their oil-dripping car. Use a raised bed and you don't have to worry about compacted or even contaminated soil.
And if none of that applies, how are your knees these days? Raised-bed gardening is a terrific solution for gardeners whose aching joints or backs make it difficult to garden at ground level, including people who get around in a wheelchair.
Tara Nolan of Dundas is an avid gardener who's become something of an expert on raised beds. It began with her own garden and hit a peak this spring with the release of "Raised Bed Revolution," a new book on the subject being released across Canada and the U.S. Nolan, a former online editor for Canadian Gardening magazine and Canadian Home Workshop, brought together her "crafty" and gardening selves in the project. In the process, she has become a strong advocate of raised beds.
Accessibility is a big part of the appeal, she says, but equally so is the opportunity to grow healthy food without worrying about what's in the soil.
"You control everything that goes into the bed," Nolan says, which lets home gardeners grow produce or flowers near organically. "At the same time, you're reaching into the bed rather than walking on it, which is much better for the soil."
Nolan recommends a minimum of eight to 12 inches depth for a raised bed but finds 18 inches (higher if you like) is optimal. As for size: Let the location help determine that. Raised beds can be as small as a couple of feet square to six or eight feet on a side. Just remember that it takes a lot of soil to fill a big container.
A fundamental issue with raised beds, as with any container gardening, is drainage. Without an outlet for excess water, soil becomes saturated and anything growing in it will rot and die. Situating a raised bed on gravel or open ground is ideal. Punching drainage holes through asphalt or concrete under raised beds is almost as good. But even ensuring there are drainage holes drilled through the sides near ground level is enough to ensure that your plants don't drown.
And, of course, a raised bed doesn't have to be a "container" at all. Nolan also gardens in a large fabric "pot" that allows air and water to circulate at root level.
Also important is the soil you put into the raised bed. Nolan's research found the ideal mix is equal amounts of vermiculite or perlite, and peat and compost. But even a small raised bed takes an awful lot of take-home bags from garden centre, so a load of good-quality triple-mix from a reputable dealer will work fine, especially if top-dressed with a couple of inches of compost.
You can construct a raised bed - or have it built - out of virtually any material. Untreated cedar is expensive but will last likely 10 years or more.
Pressure-treated wood is longest-lasting but is treated with synthetic chemicals. The newest generation of it claims to be safe for growing food, but there are still concerns about the chemicals in the wood.
Nolan says home gardeners need to assess their own comfort level. Raised beds can be built out of stone, brick, old logs, corrugated steel and even straw bales. Almost any container is an option, from an old feed trough to a claw-foot bathtub.
"Raised Bed Revolution" includes photos and woodworking plans for a variety of styles and sizes of raised beds.
What can grow in raised beds? With six to eight hours a day of direct sun, the possibilities are endless. While many people think of raised beds for vegetable gardens, they're equally good for annuals - you can cut fresh flowers for your home all season long - and a surprisingly wide range of perennials, ranging from blueberry bushes to hellebores and hostas.
Nolan likes a mix of edibles and ornamentals - good advice, actually, for all beds, not just raised ones. But raised beds with 18 inches or so of good soil are ideal for garlic, peppers, tomatoes, herbs, salad greens and more - and root vegetables such as carrots.
Finally, watering (deeply rather than frequently) and fertilizing (compost, manure or organic fertilizer once a year is usually plenty) is important.
Raised beds have the advantage of warming earlier in the spring than beds in the ground but that also means they can dry out faster. Nutrients are gradually washed out of the soil in raised beds by rain or watering. Soaker hoses or drip/emitter water lines are often a worthwhile investment.
But don't overthink it. This is gardening as you've always known it - just easier, more convenient and more productive.
"Raised Bed Revolution" by Tara Nolan is published by Cool Springs Press. Its list price in Canada is $36.


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INEBRIETY AMONG WOMEN IN THIS COUNTRY.
JAMA. 1892;XIX(18):530-531. doi:10.1001/jama.1892.02420180024003
The British Medical Journal gives a startling picture of the increase of inebriety among women in England, and also in other parts of the world. The number of women convicted of drunkenness in England and Wales, rose from 5,673 in 1878, to 9,451 in 1884. Last year 33,000 females were convicted of drunkenness in the United Kingdom. In London in one year the increase of convicted women was 500. In Glasgow 10,500 women were sent to prison. Of this number 450 were sent to jail from six to thirty-four times during the year. In Ireland the champion female inebriate record-breaker has been arrested over 700 times, and is yet less than 40 years old. One woman was sent to prison fifty-two times during twelve months. The proportion of women arrested was formerly seven men to one woman; now it is three men to one woman. The ages of these offenders
INEBRIETY AMONG WOMEN IN THIS COUNTRY. JAMA. 1892;XIX(18):530–531. doi:10.1001/jama.1892.02420180024003


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Home / Europe / Iceland
Introducing a new afforestation project in Iceland! While Iceland used to have up to 40% forest cover centuries ago, deforestation has reduced this to just 0,5% today, and since so much time has gone by that's why this unique project is categorized as afforestation as opposed to reforestation. This 150 hectare area will involve planting trees on the lower, south-facing slopes on the farm "Dragon's Nest" named after its' former owner. The area is degraded former grazing land with low-growing and largely non-continuous vegetation, and a lot of ecological potential to become a forest once again. The main goals of this project are carbon sequestration and soil conservation.
In time, degraded and eroded land (the majority of the area) will develop more vigorous vegetation, both the trees themselves and the undergrowth. A mixed species forest will provide enriched biodiversity for most species' groups, including considerable birch at the edges, pine in the poorest areas, spruce on the better sites and black cottonwood along streams. There will be open areas for shade-intolerant plants and open-ground birds to remain in the area. The forest will moderate stream fluctuations creating better conditions for freshwater organisms including many insects, small crustaceans and fish. The forest will make its contribution to carbon sequestration, which will be a reversal of the current emissions.
The afforestation area is open to people from the local village, Breiðdalsvík. With time, footpaths and other outdoor recreation facilities will be developed. Local people will get jobs in fence maintenance and planting the trees.
A personalized tree certificate (see gallery) to say thanks for your donation. We'll also send you updates on our Iceland project, so you can track the impact your trees are having on the community and environment.
This mixed species forest will be home to many species and provide enriched biodiversity for most species groups. Tree species that will be planted in the forest include downy birch, lodgepole pine, sitka spruce, and black cottonwood.
Donate every 1 Month 3 Months 12 Months
WHY PLANT TREES IN ICELAND?
Ecological Benefits
A mixed species forest will provide enriched biodiversity for fungi, other soil organisms, arthropods, birds and mammals. The forest will moderate stream fluctuations creating better conditions for freshwater organisms including many insects, small crustaceans and fish.