text:
HTTPS — what kind of data is not protected by default
How HTTPS can protect your data and that information is at risk.
By Pedro Tavares, Founder of CSIRT.UBI & Cyber Security Blog seguranca-informatica.pt
Currently, web traffic adopted a standard and widespread protocol to maintain connections through the Internet more secure — HTTPs.
In the past, secure connections (HTTP secure) were associated with financial transactions, online shopping (e-commerce), authentication/login pages, and so on.
At that time, web designers argued that there was no need to overload a TCP connection with encryption when "information exchanged" consisted only of an HTML-based page without sensitive information embedded.
As websites became more functional, dynamic, and complex, this reality has changed rapidly. Users want their financial data protected, but also other things need to be kept as confidential. Things like, for example, what they write in a social network post, the content sent through an email, among other normal things that a user does on the Internet.
Today, we have more websites with HTTPS. This change has been so fast, that Google marked all HTTP websites as unsafe in July 2018.
Coming back to 2014, in the I/O conference, the HTTPs protocol was referred to as a new priority for all sorts of traffic circulating on the Internet. Immediate action was taken the following year by Google. The company started to rate all kind of HTTP search results from queries via its search engine (google.com).
A year later, websites that had unsafe authentication modules, or payment information via credit cards through the HTTP protocol, would be "identified" as not secure.
Google confirmed that with the launch of Chrome 68, all websites that do not use HTTPs would be identified as "not secure".
What protected in an HTTPS connection?
HTTPS is just HTTP over SSL (or today, TLS). In detail: HTTP + Secure results in HTTPS.
TCP/IP is a reductive OSI mapping for modern networks, where the seven original layers are reduced to four.
The four-layer TCP/IP model has the lowest layer called the Network Interface, where protocols such as Ethernet are executed.
From the figure above, there is a layer called Network. Here, operating protocols such as ARP, ICMP (ping), and Internet Protocol (IP). The model is composed of the Transport layer (TCP and UDP) and finally the Application layer, the one with which we interact every day! In addition, HTTP and HTTPs work here.
In HTTPS protocol, TLS runs just below HTTP, and all HTTP communications are thus encrypted. These communications are e.g., URLs, cookies, web content, attributes — basically, everything.
But it is important to realize that everything below the TCP/IP application layer is not encrypted. For example, server ports, IP addresses, Ethernet addresses, i.e., any type of information required in a connection between two or more hosts.
HTTPS protocol only encrypts the entire contents of an HTTP request (messages, cookies, the body of a web page) — information exchanged between a user's computer (client) and, e.g., a social network platform (the server).
Traffic is encrypted end-to-end, allowing privacy and confidentiality by default. But what prevents someone from claiming to be Facebook and steal user data, for example, in a cyber-cafe wireless network? — The answer is the certificate.
HTTPs can be used in two modes: simple and mutual
Most often it is used in simple mode, where the server only authenticates the client. For this, the client must have a certificate and that is used to validate the server certificate.
These certificates are provided to all Internet browsers and signed by Certificate Authorities (CA). When a connection is established with the server, the server provides its certificate and the client validates whether the server's certificate is valid. To this end, the client relies on the CA-signed certificate.
What kind of data is not protected?
HTTPS allows you to validate whether a client is "talking" to who they think they are and "hides" the content of the conversation.
However, it does not hide the following data:
The number of times a conversation occurs
With whom one talks (with which website communication was established – Facebook, Gmail, etc.)
How often do you keep in touch
The ability to estimate the size of the message sent
The destination server port
The IP address (client and server)
Your location (Portugal, USA, etc)
Pedro Tavares is a cybersecurity professional and a founding member and Pentester of CSIRT.UBI and the founder of seguranca-informatica.pt.In recent years he has invested in the field of information security, exploring and analyzing a wide range of topics, such as pentesting (Kali Linux), malware, hacking, cybersecurity, IoT and security in computer networks. He is also a Freelance Writer.Segurança Informática blog: www.seguranca-informatica.pt
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sirpedrotavares
Contact me: ptavares@seguranca-informatica.pt


text:
Q: Links não se alinham em cada div num Footer Olá! Na parte do desenvolvimento de meu site (em HTML5, CSS3), me deparei com um problema nos links das seções do Footer, que ambos colocados dentro de tags div não se alinham verticalmente abaixo de cada seção, ocasionando colapso. Irei anexar uma imagem com a opção que almejo, e depois os códigos:

footer {
    background-color: #0d1015;
    width: 980px;
    margin-top: 1.2em;
    border-top: 6px solid #ffcb08;
    clear: both;
}

#footer-sections {
    font-family: 'Oswald', sans-serif;
    font-size: 18px;
    margin-left: 2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
    display: inline-block;
}

#footer-sections img {
    max-width: 150px;
    float: left;
    margin-top: 25px;
}

.footer-title {
    float: left;
    width: 200px;
    height: 150px;
    border-left: 1px solid #ebedf0;
    margin: 1em 15px;
}

.footer-link {
   display: inline-block;

}

SEÇÕES

HOME
ABOUT
HISTORY
CONTACT

SOUVENIRS

HOME
ABOUT
HISTORY
CONTACT

ESPECIAIS

HOME
ABOUT
HISTORY
CONTACT

A: Creio que faltou uns espaçamentos e você fechou algumas DIVs incorretamente.
Tenta as seguintes mudanças no seu HTML:

SEÇÕES

                HOME

                ABOUT

                HISTORY

                CONTACT

SOUVENIRS

                HOME

                ABOUT

                HISTORY

                CONTACT

ESPECIAIS

                HOME

                ABOUT

                HISTORY

                CONTACT

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Microtribology of Human Teeth
, Hai-Yang Yu2, Jing Zheng1, Lin-Mao Qian1 and Yu Yan3
Tribology Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Due to its excellent mechanical and tribological behavior, enamel is one of those unique natural substances that still cannot be substituted effectively for with artificial restorative materials. As shown in Fig. 5.1, enamel uniquely consists of aligned "prism-shaped" rods (4–8 μm in diameter), which run approximately perpendicular from the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) toward the tooth surface [1].
Due to its excellent mechanical and tribological behavior, enamel is one of those unique natural substances that still cannot be substituted effectively with artificial restorative materials. As shown in Fig. 5.1, enamel uniquely consists of aligned "prism-shaped" rods (4–8 μm in diameter), which run approximately perpendicular from the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ) toward the tooth surface [ 1 ].
Fig. 5.1
Schematic diagram of human enamel
On the microstructure level, the enamel is constructed via enamel rods (abbreviated as "R") and interrod enamel (abbreviated here as "IR"). As shown in Fig. 5.2, each rod consists of tightly packed fiber-like hexagonal carbonated HA crystals. These HA crystallites are roughly rectangular in cross section, with a mean width of 68.3 nm and a mean thickness of 26.3 nm, and are "glued" together by a thin protein layer less than 2 nm thick [ 2 , 3 ]. The interfacial area between rods is called the interrod enamel, which is rich in protein and is mostly a result of the incoherence of combining crystals of different orientations. The interrod enamel has a width of about 1 μm. The HA crystallites in enamel rod are arranged parallel to each other and oriented along the rod's axis [ 3 , 4 ]. However, the HA crystallites in the interrod enamel are arranged with a certain inclination to the adjacent enamel rod's axis. Since the organic matrix and water are mainly contained in interrod enamel, the elastic modulus and hardness in the interrod enamel are lower than those in the area of the rods. The unique microstructure endows the enamel with inhomogeneous and anisotropic mechanical properties [ 1 – 4 ]. The mechanical properties, chemistry, and microstructure of the enamel have been reported to be a function of the location in a whole tooth [ 2 ].
AFM image of the occlusal section of human tooth: (a) 15 × 15 μm; (b) single enamel rod, 5 × 5 μm; (c) HA particles, 1 × 1 μm (R enamel rod, IR interrod enamel)
Human tooth enamel is composed of hierarchical structures with important features down to the nanometer or micrometer scale. Hence, a technique that can probe the mechanical and tribological properties at these scales has the potential to address questions that are relevant to the microscopic mechanism of tooth wear. As a powerful tool for measuring the nanoscale and microscale mechanical properties of materials, nanoindentation has been widely used to investigate the mechanical properties of human teeth [ 2 – 9 ]. Habelitz et al. [ 4 ] reported that the average elastic modulus and hardness measured in the direction parallel to the axes of enamel rods were higher than those measured in the direction perpendicular to the axes of enamel rods. The differences were assigned to the unique alignment of fiber-like apatite crystals and the composite nature of enamel rods [ 4 ]. Ge et al. [ 5 ] showed that both the hardness and the modulus of interrod enamel were lower than those of enamel rod.
Since the nanoscratch technique has a typical working force range of 1 μN to 500 mN and a displacement range of 1 nm to 300 μm, it provides a powerful tool for the microtribological characterization of tissues and other biomaterials with a submicron resolution [ 10 – 13 ]. The results can help us to study the role of various structural and chemical components in providing mechanical strengths. Very recently, the nanoscratch technique has been used to study the tribological properties of human teeth [ 14 – 17 ]. Guidoni et al. [ 14 ] presented that the tooth enamel was brittle at a low load (50 μN) but ductile at a high load (100 μN) by scratching with a sharp indenter tip (tip radius R = 20–50 nm). Asperity deformation and fatigue wear dominated the damage during scratching by a rounded conical tip (~1,200 nm radius), but ploughing and wedge formation were the main damage mechanism by using a sharp indenter tip (20–50 nm) [ 15 ]. The recovery effects and abrasion resistance were more evident under wet conditions than under dry conditions [ 16 ]. Despite all that, the anisotropy of the wear behavior of tooth enamel was not very clear and its microtribological behavior was still far from understood.
In this chapter, nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests were performed on the human tooth enamel to explore the contribution of the enamel microstructure to its mechanical and tribological behavior. The nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of enamel were characterized at various locations of a rod on the occlusal section of human tooth. The microtribological behavior of the tooth enamel on the longitudinal section was investigated by nanoscratch. The anisotropic tribological performance of the human tooth enamel was discussed. During the scratching process, the variation in the size of enamel HA particles was detected. Finally, the recovery of the scratched tooth sample in remineralization was verified by immersing it in artificial saliva.
5.2 Nanohardness and Elastic Modulus at Different Locations of a Rod of Human Teeth
Human tooth enamel specimens were prepared from freshly extracted human mandibular third permanent molars (M3) without caries, which were from individuals of either gender who were between 18 and 25 years of age. The teeth were stored in distilled water at 4 °C before use.
Five teeth were used in this study. Each tooth was cut into two halves using a diamond saw along the direction perpendicular to the buccolingual division line. As shown in Fig. 5.3, each half of the tooth was embedded into a steel-made mold with self-setting plastic (10 × 10 × 20 mm in size). One half of each tooth was ground and polished on the occlusal surface. The process was careful to remove only 0.2–0.3 mm of each specimen in order to obtain a surface similar to the original occlusal surface of enamel in the mouth. As a result, five specimens of the occlusal section were prepared. Specimens were first ground using abrasive papers of 360, 500, 800, 1,200, and 1,500 grit in turn, and then polished with diamond paste from 10, 5, 2.5, to 1 μm in turn. Cutting, grinding, and polishing were conducted under water-cooling conditions to avoid local overheat that can result in dehydration and changes in both the microstructure and chemistry of human teeth. After polishing, specimens were stored in distilled water at 4 °C. The average roughness R a of the specimens was controlled at 0.10 μm using a high-resolution surface profilometer (TALYSURF6, Taylor Hobson Limited, Leicester, UK). All specimens were cleaned with alcohol before testing.
Preparation of the tooth sample: (a) a typical human molar; (b) the mould to prepare sample; (c) the tooth sample taken out from the mould; (d) the tooth sample after polishing
Four specimens, which were randomly selected from five specimens of the occlusal section, were used to measure the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of the enamel. In order to orient the indentations, the surface of each specimen was etched for 1 min in an aqueous 0.001 M citric acid solution before nanoindentation. It was found that such slight etching did not significantly change the surface profile, composition, and mechanical properties of the enamel [ 17 ]. By using a nanoindenter (CSM Instruments, Peseux, Switzerland), 200 indentations under a peak load of 2 mN were made on each specimen surface. The space between the indentations was 3 μm. At each test, the loading speed was adjusted to keep 30 s of loading time, 2 s of delay at peak load, and 30 s of unloading time. The whole process of indentations was completed at 25 °C and at a relative humidity of 60 %.
Because surface roughness could influence the measurement accuracy of the nanoindentation to some extent, an extremely low load should not be applied during the nanoindentation process. In addition, the moderate space between indentations must be taken into account in order to avoid their interaction. Hence, the number of indentations within a single enamel rod was limited, as shown in Fig. 5.4 [ 1 ]. Considering that the nanoindentation test zone was really small on the surface of each specimen in this study, it was hypothesized that both the shape and mechanical properties of enamel rods were similar to each other within the test zone. Based on the above hypothesis, a coordinate system was set up for each rod so that every indentation was oriented by its coordinate position. As a result, all the indentations can be superimposed in the same coordinate system, as shown in Fig. 5.5.
Microstructure observations of (a) the polished enamel surfaces and (b) nanoindentations on the occlusal section
Nanoindentation distribution in the occlusal cross section of a single enamel rod obtained from indentation superposition
Figure 5.6 shows the distribution map of both the hardness and elastic modulus in a single enamel rod. It was observed that both the hardness and elastic modulus varied with the location within an enamel rod. Both the hardness and elastic modulus are highest in the central area and decrease slowly with the increase in distance from the central point.
Nanomechanical-property maps of an enamel rod over its occlusal cross section: (a) hardness and (b) elastic modulus
Figure 5.7 shows the distribution of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus along the y-axis of the enamel rod over its occlusal cross section. As shown in Fig. 5.7a, the largest hardness, which is 4,100 MPa, is located in the head area, and the lowest hardness, 3,250 MPa, is measured in the tail area. The elastic modulus shows a similar trend to the hardness. The largest elastic modulus in the head area is about 85 GPa, and the lowest elastic modulus in the tail area is about 70 GPa.
Distribution of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus along the enamel rod's y-axis over its occlusal cross section: (a) hardness and (b) Young's modulus
Figure 5.8 shows the distribution of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus along the x-axis of the enamel rod over its occlusal cross section. The hardness and elastic modulus in the center were a little higher than those measured at the edge of an enamel rod.
Distribution of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus along the enamel rod's x-axis over its occlusal cross section: (a) hardness and (b) Young's modulus
Table 5.1 gives the average values of the mechanical properties obtained from these indentations. Here, the head area refers to the area between y = 0~2 μm and the tail area refers to the area between y = −3 ~ −1 μm. The hardness and elastic modulus tended to be lower in the tail area of both the rods and the interrod enamel in comparison with those in the head area of the rods. Such results were consistent with those of Habelitz et al. [ 4 ].
Distribution of the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus in an enamel rod
Tooth sample
Head area
4.16 ± 0.22
(GPa)
Tail area
Elastic modulus
83.3 ± 5.3
To understand the possible reasons for the heterogeneous mechanical properties of a single enamel rod, the EDX detection was conducted on the various positions of an enamel rod. As shown in Fig. 5.9, the contents of the C, O, P, and Ca elements are almost the same on the head, tail, and edge locations of the enamel rod. The quantitative analysis of the Ca and P elements is shown in Fig. 5.10. No obvious difference was identified from the content of Ca and P on various positions of the enamel rod. Therefore, the heterogeneous mechanical behavior on the various positions of an enamel rod cannot be attributed to the composition of the enamel rod.
Detection of EDX spectra on the various positions of enamel rod
Fig. 5.10
Detection of Ca/P ratio on the various positions of the enamel rod
Inspiration from the Wear of Human Teeth
Introduction to Teeth
Friction and Wear Behavior of Human Teeth
Effect of the Oral Environment on the Tribological Behavior of Human Teeth
Fretting Failure of Dental Implant–Bone Interface
Tribological Behavior of Dental Restorative Materials
Clinical Evaluation and Laboratory Wear-Testing Methods
Tags: Dental Biotribology
Oct 18, 2015 | Posted by mrzezo in General Dentistry | Comments Off on Microtribology of Human Teeth

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.ibm.wasdev.arduino.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.ibm.wasdev.arduino.Arduino;
import com.ibm.wasdev.arduino.ArduinoService;

public class SRAMTestcase {

    @Test
    public void testSramReadWriteBytes() throws IOException {
        Arduino arduino = ArduinoService.get(TestPort.PORT);

        byte[] bs = {42};
        arduino.sramWrite(0, bs);
        byte[] bs2 = arduino.sramRead(0, 1);

        assertTrue(bs.length == bs2.length);
        assertEquals(bs[0], bs2[0]);

        byte[] bs3 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,(byte)255};
        arduino.sramWrite(5, bs3);
        bs2 = arduino.sramRead(5, bs3.length);
        assertTrue(bs3.length == bs2.length);
        for (int i=0; i<bs3.length; i++) {
            assertEquals(bs3[i], bs2[i]);
        }
        assertEquals(255, bs2[6] & 0xFF);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSramReadWriteString() throws IOException {
        Arduino arduino = ArduinoService.get(TestPort.PORT);
        arduino.sramWrite(0, "Ariana");
        assertEquals("Ariana", arduino.sramReadString(0));
        arduino.sramWrite(0, "A");
        assertEquals("A", arduino.sramReadString(0));
    }

    @Test
    public void testNullString() throws IOException {
        Arduino arduino = ArduinoService.get(TestPort.PORT);
        arduino.sramWrite(10, "");
        assertEquals("", arduino.sramReadString(10));
    }

    @Test
    public void testReadWriteZeroBytes() throws IOException {
        Arduino arduino = ArduinoService.get(TestPort.PORT);
        byte[] bytes = {};
        arduino.sramWrite(10, bytes);
        byte[] bytes2 = arduino.sramRead(10, 0);
        assertEquals(bytes.length, bytes2.length);
        assertEquals(bytes.length, bytes2.length);
    }

    @Test
    public void test2Strings() throws IOException {
        Arduino arduino = ArduinoService.get(TestPort.PORT);
        String name = "Ant1";
        String pin = "98765";
        String speed = "2";
        arduino.sramWrite(0, name);
        arduino.sramWrite(21, pin);
        arduino.sramWrite(28, speed);

        assertEquals("Ant1", arduino.sramReadString(0));
        assertEquals("98765", arduino.sramReadString(21));
        assertEquals("2", arduino.sramReadString(28));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Filmmaker Forum > Main > General Discussion > How to promote your screening?
View Full Version : How to promote your screening?
Hey guys, so I've premiered my feature. Now I am at the point where I am securing venues to hold screenings. Can anyone suggest ways to promote your screening other than doing so on social networks? Thanks in advance for your suggestions!
Where are the screenings being held?
Our film is contemporary...I usually describe it as an inspirational drama. We premiered the movie at the Cinema Paradiso in Fort Lauderdale. Our current screening will be at the Landmark Midtown Art Cinema in Atlanta next month. And I have been exploring some screening rooms in LA...waiting for the go, but we are likely to be out there in April. My dilemma is not knowing the areas or the cultures, which makes it difficult to promote and pick the 'right' venue. But I know, promotion is key so if I target the right audience that's half the battle, I just need to know how to reach my target audience. Any suggestions other than 'friends', facebook, and twitter?


Pinocchio, Snow White and Superman are out for a stroll in town one day. As they walk, they come across a sign: "Beauty contest for the most beautiful woman in the world"
After half an hour she comes out and they ask her, "Well, how did you do?" "First Place" said Snow White.
They continue walking when they see a sign: "Contest! Who is the greatest liar in the world?
Pinocchio says "This is mine."
Half an hour later, he returns with tears in his eyes.
"Who the hell is Pelosi ?" asked Pinocchio .
Pinocchio would have come in last place if they were all democrats except him.
edutcher, I'm so glad that you do.
Truth is stranger than fiction. Hope all is well with you and snowmageddon.
Poor thing needs to put some fixadent on her dentures. You would think one of her colleagues would mention it to her or pass her a note. Occaisional-Kotex could tweet her if Pelosi has her phone turned on.
good one...she is a piece of work....and I don't mean good work!
Brig, I have shoveled or had the roof shoveled 3 times. "Snowmageddon" is right.
Sandee, Thank You Kind Lady!
Dilbertnomore, LOL!!! You win "Comment of the Week".
Phil, You would think if you're worth $193,000,000.00 you could do something about those loose dentures.
Kathe W. She's a piece of something alright, but it ain't work.


text:
El LX Campeonato Mundial de Ciclismo en Pista se celebró en Rocourt (Bélgica) entre el 1 y el 7 de agosto de 1963 bajo la organización de la Unión Ciclista Internacional (UCI) y la Federación Belga de Ciclismo.

Las competiciones se realizaron en el Estadio Velódromo de Rocourt. En total se disputaron 9 pruebas, 7 masculinas (3 profesionales y 4 amateur) y 2 femeninas.

Medallistas

Masculino profesional

Masculino amateur

Femenino

Medallero

Enlaces externos
Listas de medallistas en la pág. de la UCI .
Resultados en la pág. the-sports.org .

1963
Ciclismo en 1963
Ciclismo en Bélgica
Deporte en Bélgica en 1963
Competiciones deportivas mundiales celebradas en Bélgica

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Andrew Cuomo, the 56th governor of New York, was accused of sexual harassment by multiple women starting in December 2020, with the accusations covering a range of alleged behavior. He denied all allegations and has apologized for his comments being interpreted as sexually charged. On February 28, 2021, New York Attorney General Letitia James announced that she would hire and deputize a law firm to conduct an independent investigation into the allegations. On March 11, the New York State Assembly authorized an impeachment investigation into the allegations. In August 2021, James released an investigatory report which stated that Cuomo sexually harassed 11 women during his time in office, with actions such as unwanted groping, kissing and sexual comments. The controversy surrounding these allegations culminated in Governor Cuomo's resignation from office.

The entire New York congressional delegation, including New York's two United States Senators, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand, and over 120 New York State legislators called for Cuomo's resignation, as did House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, Bill de Blasio, the mayor of New York City, and Eric Adams, the Brooklyn Borough President and Democratic nominee for Mayor of New York City. President Joe Biden stated his support for Attorney General James's independent investigation; he later called on Cuomo to resign after the investigatory report was released. On August 10, Cuomo announced that he would step down from office in 14 days, making his resignation effective on August 24.  Cuomo was replaced by Kathy Hochul.

On January 4, 2022, Albany County District Attorney David Soares dropped a criminal complaint against Cuomo and also announced that Cuomo would not face any other charges related to other groping allegations, citing lack of evidence. Three days later, a judge dropped the criminal charge against Cuomo. On January 31, 2022, the last of five criminal cases which had been pursued against Cuomo were dismissed.

Sexual harassment allegations
Whether a behavior is sexual harassment depends upon a number of factors. The harassment can be:
 Severe: a single instance can be sexual harassment if it is sufficiently severe.
 Pervasive: a behavior can be sexual harassment if it is repeated frequently enough.
 Unwelcome: the harasser knows, or reasonably ought to know, that the behavior is not desired by the victim.
Additionally, retaliation against someone who submits a sexual harassment complaint is illegal.

Lindsey Boylan

In December 2020, Lindsey Boylan, a former aide to New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, and then a candidate for Manhattan Borough President, accused him in a series of tweets of sexual harassment and creating a toxic environment. The New York Times published a link to Boylan's lengthy essay in Medium wherein she accused Cuomo of sexual harassment and "described several years of uncomfortable interactions." She said she resigned in 2018 after "he forcibly kissed her during a meeting." She also alleged that "he had compared her to a former girlfriend, and asked her to play strip poker." Cuomo has denied these allegations. In an interview, Boylan said Cuomo's questions and comments about sexual issues made her conclude, "The governor's trying to sleep with me."

On March 17, Boylan criticized Speaker of the New York State Assembly Carl Heastie and the New York State Assembly's impeachment investigation, tweeting "What would be the point of survivors talking to investigators of your sham investigation @CarlHeastie?" Boylan cooperated with the Attorney General of New York's independent investigation, and met with the investigators on March 16.

In an article written by Ronan Farrow in The New Yorker, Boylan also claimed Cuomo made an inappropriate comment concerning his new dog, Captain. After a February 2018 news conference, Cuomo's dog, a Shepherd-Malamute mix, jumped up and down near her. Boylan claims that Cuomo said, if he were a dog, he would try to "mount" her as well. Boylan said she remembered "being grossed out" and that it was "a dumb third-grade thing to say". She did not respond to Cuomo's remark, and said in the article: "I just shrugged it off."  A Cuomo spokesperson declined to comment.

Allegations of smearing and silencing Boylan
On March 16, 2021, The New York Times reported that after Boylan accused Cuomo in December 2020, an open letter was circulated by people close to the governor that they attempted to get former staffers to sign, which suggested that her accusation was planned and for political reasons, among others  attempting to associate her name with supporters of Donald Trump. One source claimed that Cuomo himself was involved in its creation. The letter was never released. Boylan's personnel records were ultimately released to media organizations.

The Wall Street Journal reported that after Boylan's accusations came out, Cuomo's office called at least six former aides with questions related to Boylan, including whether they had been in contact with her. Some of those who were contacted stated that they felt the calls were a form of intimidation.

Charlotte Bennett

In late February 2021, Charlotte Bennett, an executive assistant and health policy advisor to Cuomo, accused him of sexual harassment, which included questions about her sex life. In a March 5 video interview with CBS Evening News anchor Norah O'Donnell, Bennett said that during a one-on-one meeting in the governor's office on June 5, 2020, Cuomo implied "that I was old enough for him and he was lonely." Bennett went on to claim that Cuomo's office director took the state's mandatory sexual harassment training for him, "I was there. I heard [the office director] say, 'I can't believe I'm doing this for you' and making a joke about the fact that she was completing the training for him. And then I heard her at the end ask him to sign the certificate."

Anna Ruch

In early March 2021, a third person, Anna Ruch, a member of the Obama administration (who later served on Joe Biden's presidential campaign), said that when they were speaking at a wedding reception Cuomo put a hand on her back, that she removed it, and that he then placed his hands on her face cheeks and asked if he could kiss her. A friend photographed Cuomo touching her face.

Ana Liss

On March 6, 2021, Ana Liss, a policy and operations aide to Cuomo from 2013 to 2015, became the third former aide to accuse Cuomo of sexual harassment. Liss said Cuomo called her "sweetheart," touched her on her lower back while they were at a reception, and also once kissed her hand after she stood up from her desk.

Karen Hinton

Also on March 6, Karen Hinton, a former press aide for Cuomo when he served as the US Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, said that in 2000, Cuomo had, while meeting with her in a California hotel room, hugged her in an "inappropriate" and "unethical" embrace. Hinton has more recently worked for Cuomo rival New York Mayor Bill de Blasio.

Brittany Commisso

On March 9, 2021, the Times Union of Albany reported an anonymous member of the governor's Executive Chamber staff had accused Cuomo of inappropriate touching. On March 11, the same newspaper reported she said Cuomo called her to his mansion, reached under her blouse, and fondled her. Cuomo denied the allegation.

On April 7, 2021, an unnamed executive assistant to Cuomo alleged that she had been called to the governor's mansion in November 2020 to help Cuomo troubleshoot an issue with his phone. Cuomo allegedly groped her. After the aide told him his behavior would "get us in trouble[sic]," Cuomo then shut the door, said "I don't care", and groped one of her breasts. A month later she claimed that Cuomo told her to cover-up what had occurred. Her identity was revealed on August 8, 2021 as Brittany Commisso.

Kaitlin

On March 12, Kaitlin (last name unreported), who formerly worked for the governor's office, alleged that Cuomo had made her feel uncomfortable in various situations, with his comments, questions, requests, and invasions of her personal space. She did not allege inappropriate touching or explicit sexual propositions.

Jessica Bakeman

Jessica Bakeman, a former member of the Capitol press corps who worked for Politico New York, wrote about the atmosphere for women in Albany, New York. On March 12, for the New York magazine website, she wrote that Cuomo had touched her on her arms, shoulders, the small of her back, and waist in 2012, and put his arm around her back and his hand on her waist posing for a picture at a holiday party in 2014 (she wrote that "For years, I would relive that moment at the holiday party"), and made multiple "humiliating" comments during her time covering him. She wrote of the incident in 2014: "Keeping his grip on me as I practically squirmed to get away from him, the governor turned my body to face a different direction for yet another picture. He never let go of my hand."

Valerie Bauman

On March 18, Valerie Bauman, a reporter for Bloomberg, said in a tweet that during Cuomo's tenure as New York Attorney General from 2007 to 2010, there was a period of "rampant sexism and sexual harassment." Cuomo allegedly also made her uncomfortable with unwanted flirting and eye contact. She also claimed that in 2007, upon meeting her, "He took my hand, entered my personal space and looked into my eyes as he announced, 'Hello, I'm Andrew Cuomo'".

Alyssa McGrath

On March 19,  Alyssa McGrath, the first current employee to come forward publicly, spoke to The New York Times claiming Cuomo chronically ogled female aides like herself, commenting about their appearances in a way McGrath found inappropriate. McGrath also said that the aide who alleged Cuomo sexually assaulted her in the Executive Mansion "described the encounter in detail to her after it was made public in a report in the Times Union last week." McGrath claimed that Cuomo told her not to talk with the anonymous aide about the incident.

Sherry Vill

During a March 29, 2021, Zoom news conference with an attorney, Sherry Vill alleged that Cuomo kissed her cheek in front of family members while visiting areas of Rochester damaged by a flood in May 2017. Vill said the kiss was of a "highly sexual manner." Cuomo also kissed Vill on the cheek a second time in a "very aggressive manner."

Unnamed state trooper

According to the August 2021 report, Cuomo met the state trooper in November 2017 and lobbied to hire her as part of his security detail despite her not satisfying the requirements for the post; she was indeed hired, and Cuomo later inappropriately touched her stomach and back, and also made inappropriate comments.

First unnamed state entity employee

According to the August 2021 report, Cuomo met this unnamed state entity employee at an event in September 2019, where he tapped and grabbed her buttocks while they were posing for photographs.

Second unnamed state entity employee

According to the August 2021 report, Cuomo in March 2020 made inappropriate comments to this unnamed state entity employee, a doctor, who had administered a nasal swab test on Cuomo at a press conference.

Virginia Limmiatis

According to the August 2021 report, Cuomo met energy company employee Virginia Limmiatis at an event in May 2017, where he touched her chest with his fingers. Her case was dismissed by district attorney Greggory Oakes on January 31, 2022, the last one to be dropped, effectively clearing the former governor of all criminal charges.

Other witnesses

According to the August 2021 report, other witnesses, in addition to the named complainants who came with specific instances, noted that Cuomo made comments or jokes that seemed sexual or suggestive in meetings with
staff from the Executive Chamber. One former staff member recalled hearing Cuomo repeatedly make a joke about how a young bull runs down the hill to have sex with one [cow] and the old bull walks down the hill to have sex with all of them, meaning that it is better to slow down and get a lot of things done. Cuomo denied recollection of this reported incident.

During the spring of 2016, Cuomo spotted a bottle on an executive assistant's desk labeled "Skinny Bunny," with an accompanying image of rabbit ears. After learning the executive assistant was drinking Skinny Bunny Organic Matcha Tea in an attempt to lose weight in advance of her wedding, Cuomo asked the Executive Assistant if she was trying to look like a "Playboy Bunny".

Two witnesses also recounted that during a meeting, the Governor looked at his Emmy statuette, which he was awarded in November 2020 and put in his Albany office, and said something to the effect of, "look at her figure. Isn't she buxom?"

In December 2020 or in January 2021, the Governor was meeting with members of his staff to discuss a meeting with the White House related to COVID-19, when the Governor expressed disappointment that he did not have any "catchy oneliners" in his speech, and said something to the effect of, "You need to give me some catchy oneliners. '"Come up with a line like, 'you're having sex without the orgasm'".

Reactions

Andrew Cuomo
In a statement on February 28, Cuomo said:I now understand that my interactions may have been insensitive or too personal and that some of my comments, given my position, made others feel in ways I never intended . . . At work sometimes I think I am being playful and make jokes that I think are funny. I mean no offense and only attempt to add some levity and banter to what is a very serious business.

After the sixth accuser complaint, the governor's office declined to comment on the article or the alleged incident. Cuomo, speaking on a conference call with reporters on March 9, 2021 about an hour after the Times Union reported the latest accusation of inappropriate touching, said he was unaware of the new allegation, but reiterated previous declarations that he "never touched anybody inappropriately." On March 11, 2021, Cuomo attacked the lawmakers who have called for his resignation, calling them "reckless and dangerous" for telling him to resign without letting the investigations complete. Cuomo also attacked "cancel culture" and the lawmakers who bow to its pressure.

Political figures

Other reactions
Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi said in a statement to Fox News that "The women who have come forward with serious and credible charges against Gov. Cuomo deserve to be heard and to be treated with dignity."

Speaker of the New York State Assembly Carl Heastie urged Cuomo to "seriously consider whether he can effectively meet the needs of the people of New York."

Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, speaking on Sirius XM satellite radio, called the allegations "nauseating". However, he initially stopped short of asking for Cuomo's resignation before doing so on March 12 with the other Senator from New York, Kirsten Gillibrand.

The New York Republican State Committee advocated for Cuomo's impeachment in a statement released March 12, writing "If I've said it once, I've said it a hundred times: we already have ample evidence that proves Andrew Cuomo is unfit to serve and anything short of a full impeachment is a complicit move to keep him as Governor."

New York State Legislature

Members listed are members of the Democratic party unless otherwise noted.

The assembly announced that it would start an impeachment investigation, prior the governor's resignation announcement. There has been no official announcement as to whether that investigation will continue after he leaves office. The New York State Constitution does not prevent a former governor from being impeached and prevented from running for office again (if convicted by the senate).

Public opinion
Andrew Cuomo should resign

Andrew Cuomo should be impeached

Other
Some supporters of Cuomo have alleged a conspiracy theory that allegations against him were motivated on the basis of ousting him in order to bring a Republican to power who would proceed to "pardon" former President Donald Trump; this despite the fact that Cuomo's resignation would result in Democratic Lieutenant Governor Kathy Hochul ascending to the governorship (Hochul has run on four ballot lines: Democratic, Conservative, Independence, and Working Families Party).

Some Twitter users have compared the allegations against Cuomo to those against Al Franken, a Democratic Senator from Minnesota forced to resign over sexual harassment allegations in 2017. However, Inae Oh, writing for Mother Jones, argued that the allegations against Cuomo are much more serious, and that comparing the two minimizes the allegations and investigations against Cuomo.

Investigations

Attorney General-commissioned investigation

In February 2021, Letitia James, the Attorney General of New York, announced that she would oversee an independent investigation into the accusations against Cuomo. In a statement, James said, "We will hire a law firm, deputize them as attorneys of our office, and oversee a rigorous and independent investigation." On June 24, 2021, The Wall Street Journal reported that James directed investigators to interview Rich Azzopardi, a senior adviser to Cuomo, about the reported sexual harassment allegations against Cuomo from over a decade ago to the present.

On August 3, 2021, Letitia James released an investigation report which accused Cuomo of sexually harassment against Lindsey Boylan, Charlotte Bennett, Anna Ruch, Ana Liss, Alyssa McGrath, Virginia Limmiatis, aide Kaitlin (last name withheld), an unnamed executive assistant (identified as Brittany Commisso by CBS News), an unnamed New York State trooper and two unnamed state entity employees. The investigation concluded that Cuomo's behavior included unwanted groping, kissing and sexual comments, and also found that Cuomo's office had engaged in illegal retaliation against Boylan for her allegation against him. Cuomo responded to the report with a denial: "I never touched anyone inappropriately."

Impeachment investigation
Later, State Assembly Speaker Carl Heastie approved the State Assembly's judiciary committee's request to initiate an impeachment investigation into the allegations. James said the impeachment investigation would have "no bearing" on her own investigation.

The first step in impeaching a sitting New York governor after the drafting of the articles of impeachment is a simple majority vote in the State Assembly to approve the articles. 76 out of the 150 members would need to vote to approve the articles. The trial in the State Senate would occur next. 62 out of the 63 members would act as jurors (Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins would have to recuse herself because she is in the line of succession as the Temporary President of the State Senate, which coincides with the position of Majority Leader). The 7 judges of the New York Court of Appeals, New York's highest court, would also be jurors in the trial. There would need to be a 2/3 majority of those 69 jurors to convict which would be 46.

Before Cuomo resigned, both the Assembly and State Senate had the votes to impeach and remove him from office.

Criminal investigation
On October 28, 2021, a spokesman for the state court system announced that Cuomo would be charged with misdemeanor "sex crime," for forcible touching, in the Albany City Court. Albany County Sheriff Craig Apple's office would file a criminal complaint against Cuomo in connection with Brittany Commisso's allegation. On January 4, 2022, however, Albany County District Attorney David Soares announced that he would not prosecute Cuomo and asked a Judge to dismiss the criminal complaint due to lack of evidence. Soars stated that "While we found the complainant in this case cooperative and credible, after review of all the available evidence, we have concluded that we cannot meet our burden at trial." Soares also said his office considered other potential criminal charges, but none fit the allegations. On January 7, 2022, Judge Holly Drexler officially accepted the dismissal of the criminal complaint against Cuomo. On January 31, 2022, the last of the five criminal inquiries which had been pursued against Cuomo, this time involving accuser Virginia Limmiatis, was dismissed in Oswego County due to insufficient evidence.

Political impact
Many news organizations and political pundits proposed that the allegations, combined with Cuomo's simultaneous scandal of allegedly covering up COVID-19 nursing home deaths, could severely diminish Cuomo's chances of re-election in the 2022 gubernatorial election. A poll from the Quinnipiac University Polling Institute released on March 4, 2021, showed that 45% of New Yorkers approved of Cuomo's job performance, as opposed to 46% of New Yorkers who disapproved. Earlier, in May 2020, 72% of voters had approved of Cuomo's job performance, while 24% disapproved. The same poll found that 36% of New Yorkers wanted Cuomo to run for re-election, whereas 59% did not.

Republicans successfully encouraged Lee Zeldin, a U.S. Representative from New York's 1st congressional district, to run in the gubernatorial election due to the scandals. Republican businessman John Catsimatidis, who had previously mulled a New York City mayoral run, was now considering a gubernatorial run given Cuomo's weakened approval.

The scandal also raised considerations that several Democrats could run against Cuomo in the primary; potential challengers included Lieutenant Governor Kathy Hochul (who replaced him once he left office), Attorney General Letitia James (who is investigating him), Mayor of New York City Bill de Blasio, New York City Public Advocate Jumaane Williams, New York State Comptroller Tom DiNapoli, State Senator Alessandra Biaggi, and U.S. Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.

See also
New York COVID-19 nursing home scandal

Notes

References

External links
 Report of investigation into allegations of sexual harassment by Governor Andrew M. Cuomo by the Office of The Attorney General, State of New York
 Position statement of Governor Andrew M. Cuomo concerning the sexual harassment allegations made against him by Rita M. Glavin, Attorney for Governor Andrew M. Cuomo

2021 controversies in the United States
2021 in New York (state)
2021 scandals
sexual
Mass media-related controversies in the United States
Political scandals in New York (state)
Sexual harassment in the United States
Cuomo
State and local political sex scandals in the United States


Abstract�� After briefly reviewing the proceeding of geometric model of 4-step 3-D (1×1) rectangular braided composites, yarn path in 4-step rectangular braiding process is analyzed. On this basis, a 3-D solid unit cell geometric model is proposed, the characteristics of geometry of 3-D braided composites are studied and yarn-jamming condition is discussed. Compared with conventional geometric models, the identified geometric model reflects the continuity of yarn in 3-D braided composites, which makes each unit cell assembled reasonably, so the structural integrity of 3-D braided composites is assured. The 3-D solid geometric model makes it possible to correctly consider the interactions between yarn and matrix for analysis of effective mechanic behaviors of 3-D braided composites.
 Chen Li, Tao Xiaoming, Choy Choyloong. A structural analysis of three-dimensional braids[J]. Journal of China Textile University (Eng ed),1997,14(3):8~13.


text:
Jade Downie-Landry sole U Sports player on Canada's Nations Cup roster
It marks the 21-year-old McGill rookie's first major tournament with Hockey Canada.
By Kirsten Whelan@kmtwhelan Nov 25, 2016, 12:58pm EST
Share All sharing options for: Jade Downie-Landry sole U Sports player on Canada's Nations Cup roster
Jade Downie-Landry protects the puck from Team USA defender Kali Flanagan during game two of the Canada-USA development series, on Aug. 19, 2016.
Thomas Higgins / Hockey Canada Images
McGill University forward Jade Downie-Landry has been named to Team Canada's roster for the 2017 Nations Cup, hosted in Füssen, Germany and Telfs, Austria from Jan. 4-7, Hockey Canada announced on Wednesday.
The tournament will once again feature Canada's National Women's Development Team, which will compete against senior squads from Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Russia, Sweden, and Switzerland. Canada will prepare with a pre-tournament game against Germany on Jan. 2, before taking on the Czech Republic, Sweden, and the host Germans in group play, all in Füssen. Both medal games will also be played in the German city, while Austria hosts the second group of teams along with the fifth- and seventh-place contests.
It will be the first major tournament for Downie-Landry as part of the national team. The Martlets freshman did not compete for Canada at the U18 level, and made her debut in the maple leaf this August during a development series against Team USA, where she recorded one goal and one assist in three games. She was invited to Hockey Canada's annual strength and conditioning camp in 2015, but was not named to any rosters.
Downie-Landry has five goals and one assist in seven RSEQ games this season, and a 9-8-17 record in 19 total contests with McGill.
Also named to the Nations Cup team was Katelyn Gosling, who played five years of CIS hockey with the Western Mustangs before joining the CWHL's Calgary Inferno this season.
Canada's roster features 11 players from the NCAA, 10 from the CWHL, and one from CÉGEP, in addition to Downie-Landry, the sole U Sports/CIS representative on the team.


You know the drill - questions from last week's FAQ thread answered here!
If you ask questions in THIS thread, they'll be answered in NEXT week's thread!
Campitor: My ears would never forgive me.
And when is the ETA for this next illusion dungeon? I was so expecting to have the RK/Mado Balances this year, but now it's just a pipe dream.
Campitor: We should receive the next illusion dungeon for testing next week. The RK/Mado patch soon after.
its not working on every woe castle, im just asking Shadow leap it should be enabled since it works like snap,lope,fallen angel which are all working.
Not to get confused with Shadow Slash which works like PPA,KA,Dark illu,Charge attack which are all disabled .
Campitor: We will review this.
Campitor: Thank you for the suggestion we have used this setting for other event monsters.
Campitor: We are definitely considering a jumping event for the holiday season. Maybe not Janeway but something to help players out.
any eta for global timer?
Campitor: Were testing this week and if it works itll go in next week. Otherwise itll take a program team to fix.
If we don't get the RK/Mechanic Update this year, can we suggest which hat campitor is going to eat? because i would like to see him eating a Red Baby Dragon.
Is it possible to add Fenrir Scrolls to GMT as Coin Rewards?
Campitor: I am not against it but we will have to ask the studio as that is considered core story content.
1. What method will WP used on next year to keep interest on this games and keep "massive multiplayer" alive, especially for old players and party (group / raid) run, beside updated OCP and create events?
2. What method will WP used to make trading in RO more easier and safety, beside GM trade or whatever ?
NOTE: Pls move my post on new thread Five for Friday of this month, november.
VModCinnamon: Your post is moved to the correct thread.
1. Please see answer below.
2. Currently we are working on plans to drain zeny out of the economy once the duplication issue is fixed.
Thor players down to 140-160 players? Chaos down to 1300? what are your plans for iRO servers in 2019?
Campitor: Please see the answer below.
I made a post in the thread that talks about the lower population these days.
As I've been streaming iRO I have received several feedback from viewers once they see the good the bad and the outdated that iRO has to offer. Many people are interested, some have joined.
The real issue is, there's so much potential to iRO but outsiders that do not play on official servers have a different perspective of what iRO is about, those who have seen the stream have a better idea of what goes on and why after being informed given what I've read on here and shared. While knowing this feedback and seeing how much potential iRO has then suddenly declining in population I can't help but come and post.
Have you guys had a plan ever since you began reading the posts about the lower population count? Would the studio become aware of the situation?
Is it even possible for the playerbase to reach the studio and find a solution to this? A way to get ourselves up to date, in comparison to kRO?
And finally if possible, what are you guys allowed and not allowed to do with the game? You guys have so much potential and have done some wonderful events and a lot of features are actually adored by many viewers on stream (faceworm nest GSS to EMB, the Merry Badges, Gramps up to 150, Safe Cert Creation, etc) yet we are not updated with Old Glast Heim Hard, Brasilis/other region Cards, several class updates, enchants for instances and instance cards as well.
iRO could have a potential boost yet we are all tied because we have no way of making this happen.
I know this seems like a large set of questions but, these are questions I deem important.
In the last 18 months the team has gone from me, 1/2 an assistant, and a CM to myself, 3 assistants, 2 CMs, and another full producer. With the latest additions being added only a month or two ago. Were starting to adopt projects to improve the over all PVP experience but also working on getting more events, with deeper content and reward structures rolled out. Poring Con, TLAPD, and even the latest Super Mundane Halloween Murder Mystery are all part of these increased efforts.
I expect to receive the Illusion Vampire update for Sakray next week. Then after thats implemented near the end of the month the Madogear and Rune Stone Update. Looking towards 2019 and the studio we are pushing for harder commitments on update time lines both for QoL improvements and Content Updates. Plus, with the staff we added this year we will make 2019 a much more eventful year for Ragnarok Online.
Do you guys not understand your own game at all? Why try to make a few bucks from the Nature's Dress when WoE is already dead in your server?
Do you guys not understand your own game at all?
Edited by KunKnee, 13 November 2018 - 03:42 AM.


text:
Dr Sylvia Villios
Adelaide Law School
Faculty of Arts, Business, Law and Economics
Dr Sylvia Villios is an Associate Professor at the Adelaide Law School, University of Adelaide. She researches and teaches in taxation law, particularly focusing on questions about the operation of the Australian tax system, taxation policy, corporate taxation and the role, powers and accountability of the Commissioner of Taxation. Outside of her primary research area, she has published extensively on the role and operation of Australia's succession laws.
Dr Villios is a co-director of the Regulation of Commercial, Corporations, Insolvency and Taxation (ROCCIT) research unit which is based at the University of Adelaide. She is an editorial panel member of the Australian Tax Law Bulletin, Lexis Nexis. During her academic career she has published over 35 peer-reviewed journal articles. She has a strong industry presence and sits on several state and national Tax Institute committees.
Dr Villios' background in taxation and commercial law extends beyond academia and includes experience in legal practice. Prior to her appointment as a lecturer, she was engaged in legal practice for six years at two of Adelaide's leading law firms, specialising in advising clients on taxation, trust law, superannuation and general corporate and commercial matters.
Dr Villios is a Board member of the South Australian Hellenic Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
Tax law, tax policy, corporate taxation and and the role, powers and accountability of the Commissioner of Taxation.
2023 - ongoing Associate Professor University of Adelaide
2017 - 2022 Senior Lecturer University of Adelaide
2008 - 2016 Lecturer University of Adelaide
2007 - 2010 Associate Lynch Meyer Lawyers
2003 - 2006 Solicitor Minter Ellison Lawyers SA/NT
2022 Award Dean's Award, Research Impact, Adelaide Law School, 2022 University of Adelaide Australia -
2021 Award 2021 Executive Dean of the University of Adelaide Faculty of the Professions Commendation for Excellence in Research Engagement and Impact University of Adelaide Australia -
2019 Award Bonython Prize University of Adelaide Australia -
2019 Award Finalist, Lawyer's Weekly Women in Law Awards, Academic category Lawyer's Weekly Australia -
2016 Award Executive Dean of the University of Adelaide Faculty of the Professions Commendation for Excellence in Research University of Adelaide Australia -
2016 Achievement Dean's Commendation for Doctoral Thesis Excellence University of Adelaide Australia -
2011 Award Winner of the Best Presenter Award - - -
2005 - 2005 Law Society of South Australia Australia GDLP
2001 - 2005 University of Adelaide Australia B Com. (Accounting)
2001 - 2005 University of Adelaide Australia LL.B (with Hons)
2009 - 2012 M. Tax University of New South Wales Australia
2005 - 2005 GDLP Law Society of South Australia Australia
2005 CTA Taxation Institute of Australia -
2005 Barrister and Solicitor Supreme Court of South Australia -
Law Taxation Accounting Taxation Law
2022 Villios, S., & Jay, O. (2022). Competing policies and claims when enforcing testamentary business succession promises. Journal of Equity, 16(3), 262-292.
2022 Villios, S., Giancaspro, M., & Graves, C. (2022). A Qualitative Study of the use of Discretionary Trusts in Small Business and Family Enterprise. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 6(3).
2022 Villios, S., Price, L., Richards, E., & Giancaspro, M. (2022). Better Together: Microboards and Supported Decision-Making in South Australia. Adelaide Law Review, 43(1).
2022 Villios, S., & Pandos, O. C. (2022). A REVIEW OF ADVANCE CARE DIRECTIVES AND ENDURING POWERS OF ATTORNEY IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA: PRESERVING AUTONOMY AND PREVENTING ABUSE. Adelaide Law Review, 43(1), 225-269.
2021 Plater, D., Golding, G., & Villios, S. (2021). SALRI's Examination of Enduring Powers of Attorney: Charter for Abuse or Necessary Aspect of Daily Life?. Law Society Bulletin (SA), 43(6), 22-25.
2021 Villios, S., & Rocca, V. (2021). Transfer pricing: past, present and future. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 6(1).
2020 Villios, S., & Brown, D. (2020). Getting the priorities right: ATO garnishee notices in times of corporate distress. Australian Tax Forum: a journal of taxation policy, law and reform, 35(3), 368-390.
2019 Villios, S., & Blissenden, M. (2019). Residence tests for individuals: impact of the Harding decision. Taxation in Australia, 54(6), 302-306.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). Digitalisation and future tax policy design. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 5(5&6), 83-86.
2018 Villios, S., & Williams, N. (2018). Family Provision Law, Adult Children and the Age of Entitlement. Adelaide Law Review, 39(2), 249-302.
WoS1
2018 Plater, D., & Villios, S. (2018). A review of family provision laws in South Australia: Distinguishing between the deserving and undeserving. Bulletin of the Law Society of South Australia, 40(6), 34-35.
2018 Villios, S. (2018). A Review of Family Provision Laws in South Australia: Distinguishing between the Deserving and Undeserving. Law Society of South Australia.
2017 Villios, S. (2017). The Court's power to grant a stay and the interaction with the commissioner's garnishee power. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 4(2), 26-31.
2017 Villios, S., Kenny, P., & Blissenden, M. (2017). Wine options of Australian tax reform. eJournal of Tax Research, 15(1), 22-50.
2016 Villios, S. (2016). Director penalty notices - promoting a culture of good corporate governance and of successful corporate rescue post insolvency. Revenue Law Journal, 25(1), 1-21.
2016 Villios, S. (2016). An evaluation of Australia's director penalty regime. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 3(6), 107-113.
2016 Villios, S. (2016). Tax collection, recovery and enforcement issues for insolvent entities. Australian Tax Forum, 31(3), 425-453.
2016 Villios, S. (2016). Will drafting - Clarifying the scope of the duty owed by a solicitor to a client and to the intended beneficiaries in Australia. Legal Ethics, 19(2), 328-330.
2015 Villios, S., Kenny, P., & Blissenden, M. (2015). Residency and Australians working overseas: can be an expensive lesson in tax law. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 2(9-10), 188-191.
2015 Villios, S., Blissenden, M., & Kenny, P. (2015). Characterising expenditure as revenue or capital - is the distinction becoming clearer?. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 2(9-10), 192-193.
2015 Villios, S., Blissenden, M., & Kenny, P. (2015). Are changes to negative gearing in Australia imminent?. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 2(9-10), 195-199.
2015 Villios, S. (2015). Improving the students' tax experience: a team-based learning approach for undergraduate accounting students. Journal of the Australasian Tax Teachers Association, 10(1), 43-65.
2015 Villios, S. (2015). The insolvency priority contest - garnishee notices versus general law fixed interest and PPSA security interests. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 2(6), 112-118.
2015 Villios, S. (2015). 'A "better tax system" is a simpler tax system'. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 2(3), 61-63.
2014 Villios, S. (2014). 'Allowable deductions, cost base of CGT assets and the GAAR: a minefield for taxpayers and their advisers'. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 1(5), 94.
2014 Blissenden, M., Kenny, P., Villios, S., & Xynas, L. (2014). Self-education expenses: some thoughts for taxpayers and their advisers. Australian tax law bulletin, 1(4), 80-82.
2014 Villios, S., Xynas, L., Kenny, P., & Bissenden, M. (2014). Reducing the company tax rate and abolishing the MRRT: a step forward or back?. Australian Tax Law Bulletin, 1(6-10), 109-115.
2014 Villios, S. (2014). The legislative interface between the creation of a liability to tax and the right to challenge that liability. Australian Tax Forum, 29(3), 551-578.
2014 Villios, S. (2014). The Commissioner's power to issue creditor's statutory demands: implications for corporate rescue post insolvency. Australian Tax Review, 43(3), 187-200.
2012 Villios, S., Carbone, D., Tretola, J., & Callea, P. (2012). The capital gains tax implications of buy-sell agreements. Australian Tax Review, 41, 100-112.
2012 Villios, S. (2012). An inherited wealth tax for Australia? The Henry Recommendation 25 for a bequests tax. Revenue Law Journal, 22, 8-1-8-10.
2011 Tretola, J., Villios, S., & Callea, P. (2011). GST and residential premises - which intention is relevant?. Revenue Law Journal, 21(1), 1-16.
2011 Villios, S. (2011). Australia: Impact of Tax Review Report and the Henry Review on Self-Managed Superannuation Funds. The Business Review, Cambridge, 18(1), 41-47.
2011 Villios, S. (2011). Measuring the tax gap of business taxpayers in Australia. Revenue Law Journal, 21(1), 1-21.
2011 Villios, S. (2011). 'Australia: Impact of the Tax Review Report and the Henry Review on Self-Managed Superannuation Funds'. The Business Review Cambridge, 18(1), 41.
2010 Villios, S. (2010). Australian GST and Residential Property - Uncertainty Abounds. International VAT Monitor, 6, 423-427.
2010 Varzaly, J., & Villios, S. (2010). Judicial reconsideration of the nature of directors' duties in Australia. International Company and Commercial Law Review, 21(2), 63-67.
2009 Villios, S., & Varzaly, J. (2009). The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme. Asia-Pacific Tax Bulletin, Nov/Dec, 378-387.
2009 Villios, S., & Varzaly, J. (2009). Extending the commercial reach of charitable institutions - the High Court case of Word Investments Ltd. Asia-Pacific Tax Bulletin, May/June, 169-175.
- Villios, S., Blissenden, M., & Kenny, P. (n.d.). Australia's Tax Law Policy of the Past and that of the Post Digital Revolution. Revenue Law Journal, 28(1).
2021 Giancaspro, M., Golding, G., Nosworthy, B., Brown, D., Viven-Wilksch, J., Wawryk, A., . . . Zito, P. (2021). Contemporary Australian Business Law. Cambridge University Press.
2021 MACKENZIE, M. B. P. K. S. V. M. B. J. H. G. (2021). AUSTRALIAN TAX 2021.
2020 Kenny, P., Blissenden, M., & Villios, S. (2020). Australian Tax 2020. LexisNexis.
2019 Villios, S., Kenny, P., & Blissenden, M. (2019). Australian Tax 2019. Chatswood, NSW, Australia: LexisNexis Butterworths.
2018 Kenny, P., Blissenden, M., & Villios, S. (2018). Australian Tax 2019. Australia: LexisNexis.
2017 Kenny, P., Blissenden, M., & Villios, S. (2017). Australian Tax 2017 (8th ed.). Lexis Nexis.
2016 Villios, S., Kenny, P., & Blissenden, M. (2016). Australian Tax 2016. LexisNexis.
2015 Kobetsky, M., Brown, C., Fisher, R., Peacock, C., Villios, S., & Gillies, P. (2015). Income Tax Text: Materials and Essential Cases (9th edition ed.). Annandale, NSW: Federation Press.
2021 Villios, S. (2021). Wills and Estate Planning. In Helping Hand Aged Care Seminar.
2022 Villios, S. (2022). Bankruptcy and Tax. Poster session presented at the meeting of University of Adelaide, Bankruptcy Trustees Forum.
2021 Villios, S. (2021). Succession Law Hot Topic. Poster session presented at the meeting of STEP SA Not the Trusts Symposium Event.
2021 Villios, S. (2021). Enduring Powers of Attorney in South Australia: A Case for Reform. Poster session presented at the meeting of Law Society of South Australia Forum.
2021 Villios, S. (2021). Voluntary Guidelines for Best Practice Powers of Attorney. Poster session presented at the meeting of STEP SA Succession Law Conference.
2021 Villios, S. (2021). Tax, Succession and Family Trusts. Poster session presented at the meeting of Oracle Insolvency Services Small Business Symposium.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). Powers of Attorney and Advance Care Directives in South Australia. Poster session presented at the meeting of Elder Abuse Legal Symposium, Legalwise. Adelaide.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). Powers of Attorney and Advance Care Directives in South Australia: A call for reform. Poster session presented at the meeting of Mount Gambier Practitioner CPD.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). The Use of Family Trusts in Small Business and Family Enterprise. Poster session presented at the meeting of Annual Tax Day 2019. University of Adelaide.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). Familly Business Tax and Bankruptcy. Poster session presented at the meeting of Adelaide Law School Bankruptcy and Insolvency Day. University of Adelaide.
2019 Villios, S. (2019). The Digital Revolution and the Changing Landscape of Tax Law Policy. Poster session presented at the meeting of Annual Tax Day 2018. University of Adelaide.
2018 Villios, S. (2018). The role and operation of Family Provision Laws in South Australia. Poster session presented at the meeting of Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners. Adelaide.
2018 Villios, S. (2018). Insolvency - The Impact of Garnishee Notices on Taxpayers. Poster session presented at the meeting of Australian Tax Teacher's Association Conference. University of New South Wales.
2017 Villios, S. (2017). Tax collection, recovery and enforcement issues for taxpayers. Poster session presented at the meeting of Annual Tax Day 2017. University of Adelaide.
2016 Villios, S. (2016). Tax collection, recovery and enforcement issues for insolvent entities. Poster session presented at the meeting of 2016 ATTA conference papers. Sydney: UNSW Business School.
2015 Villios, S. (2015). Bankruptcy and Tax. Poster session presented at the meeting of Regulation of Corporations, Insolvency and Tax Research Unit, Bankruptcy Trustees Conference. Adelaide.
2015 Villios, S. (2015). The Commissioner's Debt Collection Powers. Poster session presented at the meeting of Taxation Institute of Australia, Tax Roundtable.
2014 Villios, S. (2014). The Impact of Taxation on Achieving Successful Corporate Rescue Post Insolvency. Poster session presented at the meeting of Corporate Law Teachers Association Conference. Adelaide.
2014 Villios, S. (2014). The ATO's Role as a Creditor in a Corporate Insolvency: A Small Business Focus. Poster session presented at the meeting of Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law Scholarship Conference. Adelaide.
2013 Villios, S. (2013). An inherited wealth tax for Australia? The Henry Recommendation 25 for a bequests tax. Poster session presented at the meeting of The Management, Business, Accounting and Finance Research Conference, US.
2011 Villios, S. (2011). Australia: Impact of the Tax Review Report and the Henry Review on Self-Managed Superannuation Funds. Poster session presented at the meeting of The Management, Business, Accounting and Finance Research Conference, US.
2008 Villios, S. (2008). Sophisticated Super Strategies: Instalment Warrants and Other Current Issues: Tenants in Common Ownership. Poster session presented at the meeting of Taxation Institute of Australia Conference.
2007 Villios, S. (2007). Superannuation Update - Taxation Institute of Australia, Institute of Chartered Accountants and National Institute of Accountants. Poster session presented at the meeting of Regional Seminar.
2022 Plater, D., Brunacci, A., Nicholls, H., Holt, J., Okninski, M., Pandos, O., . . . Williams, J. (2022). 'Autonomy and Safeguarding are not Mutually Inconsistent': A Review of the Operation of the Ageing and Adult Safeguarding Act 1995 (SA).
2021 Graves, C., Steffens, P., Villios, S., Giancaspro, M., & Gordon, S. (2021). An Investigation into the Performance of the MSME Sector in South Australia and the Utility of Government Programs Aimed at Supporting the Sector. Adelaide.
2020 Villios, S., Plater, D., Jay, O., Evans, T., & Ireland, E. (2020). Riddles, mysteries and enigmas: The Common Law Forfeiture Rule (14). Adelaide: South Australian Law Reform Institute.
2020 Villios, S., Plater, D., Golding, G., Pandos, O., Richards, B., Brunacci, A., . . . Nicholls, H. (2020). Valuable Instrument or Single Most Abused Legal Document in our Judicial System? A Review of the Role and Operation of Enduring Powers of Attorney in South Australia (15). Adelaide: South Australian Law Reform Institute.
2020 Villios, S., Plater, D., Williams, J., Golding, G., Richards, B., Brunacci, A., & Pandos, O. (2020). Review of the Role and Operation of Powers of Attorney in South Australia: Discussion Paper. Adelaide.
2017 Plater, D., & Villios, S. (2017). Who may inspect a will (10). Adelaide: South Australian Law Reform Institute.
2017 Detmold, N., Plater, D., Villios, S., Williams, N., & Moulds, S. (2017). 'Distinguishing between the Deserving and the Undeserving': Family Provision Laws in South Australia (9). Adelaide: South Australian Law Reform Institute.
Internet Publications
2021 Villios, S., & Brown, D. (2021). ATO Garnishee Notices: Frustrating Corporate Rescue Policy. Austaxpolicy: Tax and Transfer Policy Blog.
Sylvia teaches at the undergraduate and postgraduate level. She is currently the Course Coordinator of Income Tax Law course (LLB), Income Taxation M (PG) course, Income Tax III (UG) the Succession Law (LLB) course.
2019 - 2021 Co-Supervisor Multinational Corporate Tax Avoidance In Australia & Australia's Anti-Avoidance Law Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr Max James Bruce
2017 - 2022 Co-Supervisor Pursuing equity in the Australian superannuation system. Doctor of Philosophy Doctorate Full Time Mr John Harrison
2021 - ongoing Chair South Australian Engagement Committee The Tax Institute Australia
2021 - ongoing Member National Engagement Committee The Tax Institute Australia
2018 - ongoing Board Member South Australian State Council Taxation Institute of Australia Australia
2018 - ongoing Board Member National Superannuation Technical Committee Taxation Institute of Australia Australia
2005 - ongoing Member Technical committee Taxation Institute of Australia Australia
2005 - ongoing Member Law Society of South Australia Australia
2005 - ongoing Member Taxation Institute of Australia Australia
2005 - ongoing Member National Institute of Accountants Australia
Consulting/Advisories
2018 - ongoing University of Adelaide Adelaide Law School Advocacy Australia
2015 - ongoing University of Adelaide Law School Legislative and political Australia
2015 - ongoing Editor Adelaide Law Review - Australia
2014 - ongoing Editor Australian Tax Law Bulletin, Lexis Nexis - Australia
2022 - ongoing Co-Director Regulation of Corporations, Insolvency and Taxation (ROCIT) research unit University of Adelaide Australia
2021 - ongoing Chair, SA Engagement Committee The Tax Institute Australia
2021 - ongoing Committee member, National Engagement Committee The Tax Institute Australia
2017 - ongoing Committee Member of the National Superannuation Committee The Taxation Institute Australia
2017 - ongoing State Councillor The Taxation Institute Australia
2017 - ongoing Technical Committee Member The Taxation Institute Australia
2014 - 2022 Head of the taxation sub-group of the Regulation of Corporations, Insolvency and Taxation (ROCIT) research unit University of Adelaide Australia
Position: Senior Lecturer
Email: sylvia.villios@adelaide.edu.au
Building: Ligertwood, floor 4
Org Unit: Adelaide Law School
Last updated: Wed, 01/25/2023 - 01:24


text:
B.C. Health Minister Adrian Dix and provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry update the COVID-19 situation, B.C. legislature, July 20, 2020. (B.C. government)
629 British Columbians currently infected with COVID-19; more than 2,000 self-isolating
84 new cases, no additional deaths
Aug. 14, 2020 4:28 p.m.
Eighty-four more people have tested positive for COVID-19 in B.C.
In total, 629 people are currently infected with the novel coronavirus and 2,026 people are "under active public health monitoring" through contact tracing, according to the latest statement from the ministry of health Friday (Aug. 14).
Of those, 12 people are in hospital, with four in intensive care.
There have been no new deaths, leaving the total at 196.
That brings the total number of cases province-wide to 4,358 since the start of the pandemic. Since then, 3,533 people have recovered.
READ MORE: U.S.-Canada pandemic border restrictions extended into September
There has been one new health-care facility outbreak at Queen's Park Care Centre in New Westminster,, and there are currently seven long-term care or assisted-living facilities with active outbreaks.
Health Minister Adrian Dix and Provincial Health Officer Dr. Bonnie Henry are urging everyone to "stay strong and hold the line" this weekend.
The statement added that British Columbians have it within their ability to make the changes needed to bend the pandemic curve back down and continue in the B.C. restart, with the combined efforts of everyone.
In Thursday's (Aug. 13) update, Henry and Dix showed modelling projections that shows a current trend of the province recording around 75 new cases each day, which could continue into September.
WATCH: Ryan Reynolds calls on young British Columbians to be COVID-smart
ALSO READ: Missed rent payments because of COVID-19? You have until July 2021 to pay up
– With files from Ashley Wadhwani
Widow of slain Red Deer doctor thanks community for support ahead of vigil
Rare white orca spotted hunting off shores of Alaska for first time


This cake is so moist and dense that it can be difficult to determine if it is cooked. The baking times given are your best guide, and when cooked, the cake should have a thick, sugary crust. If you like, cut the crust off the cake, although the frosting will soften it.
1. Preheat oven to slow (150°C/130°C fan-forced). Grease deep 22cm round cake pan; line base and side with baking paper, extending paper 5cm above edge of pan.
2. Stir butter, chocolate, sugar, and the water in medium saucepan over low heat until mixture is smooth. Transfer mixture to large bowl; cool 15minutes. Whisk in sifted flours, then extract and eggs.
3. Pour mixture into pan. Bake, uncovered, about 2 hours. Stand cake 10 minutes then turn onto wire rack to cool.
4. Make caramel frosting. Place cake, top-side up, on serving plate, spread with frosting.
Melt butter in small saucepan. Stir in brown sugar and milk; bring to a boil. Reduce heat; simmer, uncovered, 3 minutes, cool 10 minutes. Gradually stir in sifted icing sugar until frosting is of a spreadable consistency.
I had just only came back from shoping before i made the cake, so i wasnt about to go out again. i had just about 100g of white chocolate... for some reason i thought some cream would make up for the difference.. the cake was moist, dense.. very dense.. very sweet..
I used 1/3cup of amaretto tasted the mixture.. and tasted some more.. lol needed more amaretto and tested some more.. yummm .. lol do u see a pattern?
the recipe makes alot of cake batter! I baked mine in a large loaf tin that i have.. i wasnt keen on putting it in a round cake tin or 2 slice trays.. i measured out my loaf tin and my round tin and found my loaf tin was larger in capacity and its a good thing it did too! Either because the recipe uses mainly plain flour or because its so rich with sugar.. it does not rise much at all.. nevermind that it cooks for 2hrs! The most expensive part was no doubt the amaretto! In the end i made a $15 mud cake.. lol.. just with the alcohol!
i also added some thickened cream & some extra flour to get the consistency right. (mine was too runny thanks to the cream & amaretto) I also brushed some extra amaretto on top of the cake, to soften the crust and add more flavour..
It was a great cake, terrible served cold from the fridge... but great at room temperature! Very easy to make in very little time. * i used choc thins in a lazy attempt to decorate the cake..
Interesting that the cake isn't good from the fridge. I usually like cold mud cakes (and frozen chocolate). :-/ Now I'm in the mood for caramel mudcake. Do you like the Safeway ones? I generally do.
Is the AWW book that chunky cookbook? The red one with white writing on the front?
My sister in Brisbane wants it.. she says that an AWW recipe has never failed her.
NO TAKEAWAY/FAST FOOD Challenge 3wks!!!