text:
Kerry-Lieberman Minus Graham Roll Out Wednesday May 12
May 7: Senators John Kerry (D-MA) and Joe Lieberman (I-CT) released a joint statement announcing their plan to roll out comprehensive energy and climate change legislation next Wednesday, May 12, 2010. They indicated that further details of Wednesday's roll out will be available next week.
On April 26, after months of development and two days before Senators Kerry, Lieberman and Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC) were set to reveal their tripartisan American Power Act (K-G-L), Senator Graham abruptly announced that he would be "unable to move forward on energy independence legislation at this time," [See WIMS 4/2/10]. Graham said he was upset that the Senate and Administration might make immigration reform a priority over energy and climate legislation.
In their joint statement, the two Senators said, "We appreciate Senator Graham's [R-SC] statement [see below] of his continued commitment to passing comprehensive energy independence legislation. Over the past several months we have worked with Senator Graham and he has made a significant contribution to construct balanced legislation that will make our country energy independent, create jobs and curb pollution. Senator Graham has been our partner in building a broad-based coalition of support for legislation that can pass the Senate this year.
"Over the last three weeks, we all understand Lindsey has been busy with the immigration issue and we understand his feelings on that issue, but during this period we've continued working, moving forward, and talking in great detail with our Senate colleagues on both sides of the aisle, and with the environmental and business communities. We've continued to work with the Senate leadership and the White House, and we believe we've made new progress on the path to 60 votes.
"We are more encouraged today that we can secure the necessary votes to pass this legislation this year in part because the last weeks have given everyone with a stake in this issue a heightened understanding that as a nation, we can no longer wait to solve this problem which threatens our economy, our security and our environment. Our optimism is bolstered because there is a growing and unprecedented bi-partisan coalition from the business, national security, faith and environmental communities that supports our legislation and is energized to work hard and get it passed. We look forward to rolling-out the legislation next Wednesday and passing the legislation with the support of Senator Graham and other Republicans, Democrats and Independents this year."
Senator Graham also released a lengthy statement today (May 7) on cap-and-trade, offshore drilling, and future prospects of energy reform legislation. In his statement Senator Graham says the House-passed cap and trade bill is "dead"; that the Gulf oil spill does not improve the chances for passing a climate-energy bill; he's in favor of expanded offshore drilling; and he doesn't believe their are 60 votes to pass a bill. The following is his entire statement:
On the Death of Cap-and-Trade: "The House-passed cap and trade bill is dead. It has been replaced by a new model that focuses on energy independence, job creation and cleaner air. I appreciate the work of Senators Kerry and Lieberman who have been good allies in trying to move this debate in a new, more productive direction. I am particularly proud of the efforts we have made in creating a renaissance in nuclear power which leads to energy security and fosters job creation. As I have previously indicated, a serious debate on energy legislation is significantly compromised with the cynical politics of comprehensive immigration reform hanging over the Senate. In addition to immigration, we now have to deal with a catastrophic oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico which creates new policy and political challenges not envisioned in our original discussions. In light of this, I believe it would be wise to pause the process and reassess where we stand."
On Offshore Drilling and Gulf Coast Disaster: "Some believe the oil spill has enhanced the chances energy legislation will succeed. I do not share their view. Our original legislation included an expansion of off shore drilling with revenue sharing. It doesn't take long for one to conclude that opposition to expanded offshore drilling with revenue sharing has grown among certain Senate Democrats. Some have even declared energy legislation "dead on arrival" if it contains an expansion of offshore drilling. I respect their position and I know they are sincere in their beliefs. However, I have come to a different conclusion on the issue and strongly believe that in order to become energy independent we must include these options.
"When it comes to getting 60 votes for legislation that includes additional oil and gas drilling with revenue sharing, the climb has gotten steeper because of the oil spill. I remain committed to safely expanding offshore drilling because I know oil will be part of our nation's energy plan for years to come. Every barrel we can find in the United States is one less we have to import from OPEC. And today, some of the dollars we spend on imported oil find their way into the hands of terrorists who wish to harm our nation. As a Senator from a coastal state, and in light of the historic oil spill off the coast of Louisiana, I think it makes sense to find out what happened, enact safety measures to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future, and then build consensus for the expanded offshore drilling our nation needs."
Future Prospects for Energy Legislation: "When it comes to our nation's policy on energy independence and pollution control, I don't believe any American finds the status quo acceptable. Many senators from both parties have stated that Congress should set energy and carbon pollution policy, not the EPA. I could not agree more. Therefore, we should move forward in a reasoned, thoughtful manner and in a political climate which gives us the best chance at success. Regrettably, in my view, this has become impossible in the current environment. I believe there could be more than 60 votes for this bipartisan concept in the future. But there are not nearly 60 votes today and I do not see them materializing until we deal with the uncertainty of the immigration debate and the consequences of the oil spill."
Access the joint statement from Senators Kerry, Lieberman (click here). Access the statement from Senator Graham (click here).


text:
This article is about the U.S. state of New Hampshire. For other uses, see New Hampshire (disambiguation).
State in the northeastern United States
State of New Hampshire
the Granite State[1]
the White Mountain State[2]
"Live Free or Die"
Anthem: "Old New Hampshire"[3]
Map of the United States with New Hampshire highlighted
Province of New Hampshire
June 21, 1788 (9th)
44°00′N 71°30′W / 44°N 71.5°W / 44; -71.5Coordinates: 44°00′N 71°30′W / 44°N 71.5°W / 44; -71.5
Manchester–Nashua
Chris Sununu (R)
• Senate President
Donna Soucy (D)[4]
Jeanne Shaheen (D)
Maggie Hassan (D)
1: Chris Pappas (D)
2: Ann McLane Kuster (D) (list)
9,349 sq mi (24,214[5] km2)
68 mi (110 km)
(Mount Washington[6][7][note 1][note 2])
6,288 ft (1,916.66 m)
(Atlantic Ocean[7])
0 ft (0 m)
147/sq mi (56.8/km2)
Granite Stater,
New Hampshirite
English[9]
(French allowed for official business with Quebec)[10]
UTC-05:00 (Eastern)
UTC-04:00 (EDT)
US-NH
N.H.
42° 42′ N to 45° 18′ N
70° 36′ W to 72° 33′ W
www.nh.gov
New Hampshire state symbols
The Flag of New Hampshire
The Seal of New Hampshire
Red-spotted newt
Notophthalmus viridescens
Haemorhous purpureus
Karner Blue
Lycaeides melissa samuelis
Freshwater: Brook trout
Salvelinus fontinalis
Saltwater: Striped bass
Morone saxatilis
Odocoileus virginianus
Betula papyrifera
Fruit: Pumpkin
Vegetable: White Potato
Berry: Blackberry[11]
New Hampshire State Tartan
New Hampshire (/ˈhæmpʃər/) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire is the 5th smallest by area and the 10th least populous U.S. state.
Concord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city. It has no general sales tax, nor income tax other than on interest and dividends. The New Hampshire primary is the first primary in the U.S. presidential election cycle. Its license plates carry the state motto, "Live Free or Die". The state's nickname, "The Granite State", refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries.[12]
In January 1776, it became the first of the British North American colonies to establish a government independent of the Kingdom of Great Britain's authority, and it was the first to establish its own state constitution. Six months later, it became one of the original 13 colonies that signed the United States Declaration of Independence, and in June 1788 it was the ninth state to ratify the United States Constitution, bringing that document into effect.
Historically, New Hampshire was a major center for textile manufacturing, shoemaking, and papermaking, with Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester at one time being the largest cotton textile plant in the world. Numerous mills were located along various rivers in the state, especially the Merrimack and Connecticut rivers. Many French Canadians migrated to New Hampshire to work the mills in the late 19th and early 20th century; New Hampshire still ranks second among states by percentage of people claiming French American ancestry, with 24.5% of the state identifying as such.
Manufacturing centers such as Manchester, Nashua, and Berlin were hit hard in the 1930s–1940s, as major manufacturing industries left New England and moved to the southern United States or overseas, reflecting nationwide trends. In the 1950s and 1960s, defense contractors moved into many of the former mills, such as Sanders Associates in Nashua, and the population of southern New Hampshire surged beginning in the 1980s as major highways connected the region to Greater Boston and established several bedroom communities in the state.
With some of the largest ski mountains on the East Coast, New Hampshire's major recreational attractions include skiing, snowmobiling, and other winter sports, hiking and mountaineering (Mount Monadnock in the state's southwestern corner is among the most climbed mountains in the U.S.), observing the fall foliage, summer cottages along many lakes and the seacoast, motor sports at the New Hampshire Motor Speedway, and Motorcycle Week, a popular motorcycle rally held in Weirs Beach in Laconia in June. The White Mountain National Forest links the Vermont and Maine portions of the Appalachian Trail, and has the Mount Washington Auto Road, where visitors may drive to the top of 6,288-foot (1,917 m) Mount Washington.
Among prominent individuals from New Hampshire are founding father Nicholas Gilman, Senator Daniel Webster, Revolutionary War hero John Stark, editor Horace Greeley, founder of the Christian Science religion Mary Baker Eddy, poet Robert Frost, astronaut Alan Shepard, rock musician Ronnie James Dio, author Dan Brown, actor Adam Sandler, inventor Dean Kamen, comedians Sarah Silverman and Seth Meyers, restaurateurs Richard and Maurice McDonald, and President of the United States Franklin Pierce.
2.2 Metropolitan areas
4.2 Birth data
5.1 Largest employers
6.1 Governing documents
6.2 Branches of government
6.3 Local government
6.4.1 New Hampshire primary
6.4.2 Elections
7.1 Highways
7.2 Air
7.3 Public transportation
7.4 Freight railways
8.1 High schools
9.1 Daily newspapers
9.2 Other publications
9.3 Radio stations
9.4 Television stations
10 Sports
11.1 In fiction
11.1.1 Comics
11.1.2 Television
12 Notable residents or natives
13 New Hampshire firsts
The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire by Captain John Mason.[13]
Map of New Hampshire, with roads, rivers and major cities
Shaded relief map of New Hampshire
Mount Adams (5,774 ft or 1,760 m) is part of New Hampshire's Presidential Range.
Lake Winnipesaukee and the Ossipee Mountains
Further information: List of counties in New Hampshire, List of mountains in New Hampshire, List of lakes in New Hampshire, List of rivers in New Hampshire, and Geology of New Hampshire
New Hampshire is part of the six-state New England region. It is bounded by Quebec, Canada, to the north and northwest; Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east; Massachusetts to the south; and Vermont to the west. New Hampshire's major regions are the Great North Woods, the White Mountains, the Lakes Region, the Seacoast, the Merrimack Valley, the Monadnock Region, and the Dartmouth-Lake Sunapee area. New Hampshire has the shortest ocean coastline of any U.S. coastal state, with a length of 18 miles (29 km),[14] sometimes measured as only 13 miles (21 km).[15] New Hampshire was home to the rock formation called the Old Man of the Mountain, a face-like profile in Franconia Notch, until the formation disintegrated in May 2003.
The White Mountains range in New Hampshire spans the north-central portion of the state. The range includes Mount Washington, the tallest in the northeastern U.S. – site of the second-highest wind speed ever recorded[16] – as well as Mount Adams and Mount Jefferson. With hurricane-force winds every third day on average, over 100 recorded deaths among visitors, and conspicuous krumholtz (dwarf, matted trees much like a carpet of bonsai trees), the climate on the upper reaches of Mount Washington has inspired the weather observatory on the peak to claim that the area has the "World's Worst Weather".[17]
In the flatter southwest corner of New Hampshire, the landmark Mount Monadnock has given its name to a class of earth-forms – a monadnock – signifying, in geomorphology, any isolated resistant peak rising from a less resistant eroded plain.
Major rivers include the 110-mile (177 km) Merrimack River, which bisects the lower half of the state north–south and ends up in Newburyport, Massachusetts. Its tributaries include the Contoocook River, Pemigewasset River, and Winnipesaukee River. The 410-mile (660 km) Connecticut River, which starts at New Hampshire's Connecticut Lakes and flows south to Connecticut, defines the western border with Vermont. The state border is not in the center of that river, as is usually the case, but at the low-water mark on the Vermont side; meaning that the entire river along the Vermont border (save for areas where the water level has been raised by a dam) lies within New Hampshire.[18] Only one town – Pittsburg – shares a land border with the state of Vermont. The "northwesternmost headwaters" of the Connecticut also define the Canada–U.S. border.
The Piscataqua River and its several tributaries form the state's only significant ocean port where they flow into the Atlantic at Portsmouth. The Salmon Falls River and the Piscataqua define the southern portion of the border with Maine. The Piscataqua River boundary was the subject of a border dispute between New Hampshire and Maine in 2001, with New Hampshire claiming dominion over several islands (primarily Seavey's Island) that include the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard. The U.S. Supreme Court dismissed the case in 2002, leaving ownership of the island with Maine. New Hampshire still claims sovereignty of the base, however.[19]
The largest of New Hampshire's lakes is Lake Winnipesaukee, which covers 71 square miles (184 km2) in the east-central part of New Hampshire. Umbagog Lake along the Maine border, approximately 12.3 square miles (31.9 km2), is a distant second. Squam Lake is the second largest lake entirely in New Hampshire.
New Hampshire has the shortest ocean coastline of any state in the United States, approximately 18 miles (29 km) long.[20] Hampton Beach is a popular local summer destination. About 7 miles (11 km) offshore are the Isles of Shoals, nine small islands (four of which are in New Hampshire) known as the site of a 19th-century art colony founded by poet Celia Thaxter, and the alleged location of one of the buried treasures of the pirate Blackbeard.
It is the state with the highest percentage of timberland area in the country.[21] New Hampshire is in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome. Much of the state, in particular the White Mountains, is covered by the conifers and northern hardwoods of the New England-Acadian forests. The southeast corner of the state and parts of the Connecticut River along the Vermont border are covered by the mixed oaks of the Northeastern coastal forests.[22]
The northern third of the state is locally referred to as the "north country" or "north of the notches", in reference to White Mountain passes that channel traffic. It contains less than 5% of the state's population, suffers relatively high poverty, and is steadily losing population as the logging and paper industries decline. However, the tourist industry, in particular visitors who go to northern New Hampshire to ski, snowboard, hike and mountain bike, has helped offset economic losses from mill closures.
Winter season lengths are projected to decline at ski areas across New Hampshire due to the effects of global warming, which is likely to continue the historic contraction and consolidation of the ski industry and threaten individual ski businesses and communities that rely on ski tourism.[23]
Rivers of New Hampshire by drainage system
Gulf of Maine
Atlantic coastal tributaries
Blackwater River
Browns River
Drakes River
Hampton Falls River
Hampton River
Old River
Taylor River
Merrimack River watershed
Baboosic Brook
Back River
Baker River
Bear Brook
Beards Brook
Beaver Brook
Beebe River
Black Brook
Cockermouth River
Cohas Brook
Contoocook River
East Branch Baker River
East Branch Pemigewasset River
Fowler River
Frazier Brook
Gridley River
Gunstock River
Lane River
Little Massabesic Brook-Sucker Brook
Little River (Big River)
Little River (Merrimack River)
Little Suncook River
Mad River
Melvin River
Merrimack River
Merrymeeting River
Middle Branch Piscataquog River
Nashua River
Newfound River
Nissitissit River
North Branch Contoocook River
North Fork East Branch Pemigewasset River
Nubanusit Brook
Pemigewasset River
Pennichuck Brook
Piscataquog River
Powwow River
Purgatory Brook
Red Hill River
Salmon Brook
Shedd Brook
Soucook River
South Branch Baker River
South Branch Piscataquog River
South Branch Souhegan River
Spicket River
Squam River
Suncook River
Tioga River
Turkey River
Warner River
West Branch Mad River
West Branch Souhegan River
West Branch Warner River
Winnipesaukee River
Merrymeeting Bay
(Androscoggin River watershed)
Androscoggin River
Chickwolnepy Stream
Clear Stream
Dead Diamond River
Dead River
East Branch Dead Diamond River
Little Dead Diamond River
Little Magalloway River
Magalloway River
Middle Branch Dead Diamond River
Middle Branch Little Magalloway River
Mollidgewock Brook
Moose Brook
Moose River
Peabody River
Rattle River
South Branch Little Dead Diamond River
Swift Diamond River
West Branch Dead Diamond River
West Branch Little Dead Diamond River
West Branch Little Magalloway River
West Branch Magalloway River
West Branch Peabody River
Piscataqua River watershed
Bean River
Bellamy River
Berrys River
Branch River
Bunker Creek
Cochecho River
Ela River
Exeter River
Fresh River
Isinglass River
Jones Brook
Lamprey River
Little River (Brentwood)
Little River (Exeter)
Little River (Lamprey River)
North Branch River
North River
Oyster River
Pawtuckaway River
Piscassic River
Piscataqua River
Rattlesnake River
Salmon Falls River
Squamscott River
Winnicut River
Saco Bay
(Saco River watershed)
Bearcamp River
Beech River
Chocorua River
Cold River (Bearcamp River)
Cold River
Cutler River
Dan Hole River
East Branch Saco River
East Branch Whiteface River
East Fork East Branch Saco River
Ellis River
Little Cold River
Lovell River
Middle Branch Mad River
Ossipee River
Pequawket Brook
Rocky Branch
Saco River
Sawyer River
Shepards River
South Branch Mad River
Swift River (Bearcamp River)
Swift River (Saco River)
Whiteface River
Wildcat Brook
Wonalancet River
Connecticut River watershed
Ammonoosuc River
Blow-me-down Brook
Connecticut River
East Branch Mohawk River
Gale River
Great Brook
Halls Stream
Ham Branch
Indian Stream
Israel River
Johns River
Knox River
Little Sugar River
Mascoma River
Millers River
Mink Brook
Mirey Brook
Mohawk River
Nash Stream
North Branch Gale River
North Branch Millers River
North Branch Sugar River
North Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River
Oliverian Brook
Otter Brook
Partridge Brook
Perry Stream
Phillips Brook
Simms Stream
South Branch Ashuelot River
South Branch Gale River
South Branch Israel River
South Branch Sugar River
Stocker Brook
Sugar River
Tarbell Brook
Upper Ammonoosuc River
West Branch Mohawk River
West Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River
Wild Ammonoosuc River
Zealand River
Mountains of New Hampshire
Belknap Mountains
Belknap Mountain
Mount Major
Mount Rowe
Ossipee Mountains
Bayle Mountain
Larcom Mountain
Mount Roberts
Mount Shaw
Mount Whittier
Nickerson Mountain
Turtleback Mountain
Wapack Range
Barrett Mountain
Kidder Mountain
New Ipswich Mountain
North Pack Monadnock
Pack Monadnock
Pratt Mountain
Temple Mountain
Baldface-Royce Range
Eastman Mountain
Mount Meader
North Baldface
South Baldface
Carter-Moriah Range
Carter Dome
Imp Mountain
Middle Carter Mountain
Middle Moriah Mountain
Mount Hight
Mount Moriah
North Carter Mountain
Shelburne Moriah Mountain
South Carter Mountain
Crescent Range
Black Crescent Mountain
Mount Crescent
Franconia Range
Little Haystack Mountain
Mount Flume
Mount Lafayette
Mount Liberty
Mount Lincoln
Kinsman Range
The Cannon Balls
Kinsman Mountain
Mahoosuc Range
Mount Success
North Bald Cap
Pilot Range
The Bulge
Mount Cabot
Presidential Range
Boott Spur
Mount Clay
Mount Davis
Mount Eisenhower
Mount Franklin
Mount Isolation
Mount Jackson
Mount Jefferson
Mount Madison
Mount Monroe
Mount Pierce
Mount Webster
Sandwich Range
Mount Chocorua
Mount Passaconaway
Mount Tripyramid
Mount Whiteface
Sandwich Mountain
Twin Range
Galehead Mountain
Mount Bond
Mount Guyot
Mount Hale
North Twin Mountain
Nubble Peak
South Twin Mountain
Twin Mountains
Others (White Mtns.)
Bartlett Haystack
Bear Mountain
Dartmouth Range
Dickey Mountain
East Peak Mount Osceola
Jericho Mountain
Kearsarge North
Mount Avalon
Mount Blue
Mount Carrigain
Mount Cilley
Mount Doublehead
Mount Garfield
Mount Hancock
Mount Mitten
Mount Moosilauke
Mount Nancy
Mount Osceola
Mount Rosebrook
Mount Starr King
Mount Tecumseh
Mount Tremont
Mount Waumbek
Mount Weeks
Mount Willard
Mount Willey
Mount Zealand
North Moat Mountain
Owl's Head (Carroll)
Owl's Head (Franconia)
Scar Ridge
South Weeks
Blue Job Mountain
Crotched Mountain
Gap Mountain
Little Monadnock Mountain
Lovewell Mountain
Mount Assurance
Mount Cardigan
Mount Kearsarge
Mount Kelsey
Mount Magalloway
Mount Monadnock
Pitcher Mountain
Potanipo Hill
Skatutakee Mountain
Smarts Mountain
Tenney Mountain
Thumb Mountain
Uncanoonuc Mountains
Köppen climate map of New Hampshire
During autumn, the leaves on many hardwood trees in New Hampshire turn colors, attracting many tourists.
A winter view of an apple orchard in Hollis, New Hampshire
New Hampshire experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa in some southern areas, Dfb in most of the state, and Dfc subarctic in some northern highland areas), with warm, humid summers, and long, cold, and snowy winters. Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed all year. The climate of the southeastern portion is moderated by the Atlantic Ocean and averages relatively milder winters (for New Hampshire), while the northern and interior portions experience colder temperatures and lower humidity. Winters are cold and snowy throughout the state, and especially severe in the northern and mountainous areas. Average annual snowfall ranges from 60 inches (150 cm) to over 100 inches (250 cm) across the state.[24]
Average daytime highs are in the mid 70s°F to low 80s°F (around 24–28 °C) throughout the state in July, with overnight lows in the mid 50s°F to low 60s°F (13–15 °C). January temperatures range from an average high of 34 °F (1 °C) on the coast to overnight lows below 0 °F (−18 °C) in the far north and at high elevations. Average annual precipitation statewide is roughly 40 inches (100 cm) with some variation occurring in the White Mountains due to differences in elevation and annual snowfall. New Hampshire's highest recorded temperature was 106 °F (41 °C) in Nashua on July 4, 1911, while the lowest recorded temperature was −47 °F (−44 °C) atop Mount Washington on January 29, 1934. Mount Washington also saw an unofficial −50 °F (−46 °C) reading on January 22, 1885, which, if made official, would tie the all-time record low for New England (also −50 °F (−46 °C) at Big Black River, Maine, on January 16, 2009, and Bloomfield, Vermont on December 30, 1933).
Extreme snow is often associated with a nor'easter, such as the Blizzard of '78 and the Blizzard of 1993, when several feet accumulated across portions of the state over 24 to 48 hours. Lighter snowfalls of several inches occur frequently throughout winter, often associated with an Alberta Clipper.
New Hampshire, on occasion, is affected by hurricanes and tropical storms although by the time they reach the state they are often extratropical, with most storms striking the southern New England coastline and moving inland or passing by offshore in the Gulf of Maine. Most of New Hampshire averages fewer than 20 days of thunderstorms per year and an average of two tornadoes occur annually statewide.[25]
The National Arbor Day Foundation plant hardiness zone map depicts zones 3, 4, 5, and 6 occurring throughout the state[26] and indicates the transition from a relatively cooler to warmer climate as one travels southward across New Hampshire. The 1990 USDA plant hardiness zones for New Hampshire range from zone 3b in the north to zone 5b in the south.[27]
Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in New Hampshire[28]
Manchester 82/64 28/17 33/15 0/−9
Nashua 82/59 28/15 33/12 0/−11
Concord 82/57 28/14 30/10 −1/−12
Portsmouth 79/61 26/16 32/16 0/−9
Keene 82/56 28/13 31/9 −1/−12
Laconia 81/60 27/16 30/11 −1/−11
Lebanon 82/58 28/14 30/8 −1/−13
Metropolitan areas[edit]
Downtown Manchester
For a more comprehensive list, see List of cities and towns in New Hampshire.
Metropolitan areas in the New England region are defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs). The following is a list of NECTAs fully or partially in New Hampshire:[29][30]
Boston – Cambridge – Nashua
Haverhill – Newburyport – Amesbury Town NECTA Division
Lawrence – Methuen Town – Salem NECTA Division
Lowell – Billerica – Chelmsford NECTA Division
Nashua NECTA Division
Dover – Durham
Main article: History of New Hampshire
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The historical coat of arms of New Hampshire, from 1876
Site of first house in New Hampshire, present mansion constructed in 1750, by Gov. W. B. Wentworth, New York Public Library
Fort William and Mary in 1705
1922 map of New Hampshire published in the bulletin of the Brown Company in Berlin
Various Algonquian-speaking Abenaki tribes, largely divided between the Androscoggin and Pennacook nations, inhabited the area before European settlement.[31] Despite the similar language, they had a very different culture and religion from other Algonquian peoples. English and French explorers visited New Hampshire in 1600–1605, and David Thompson settled at Odiorne's Point in present-day Rye in 1623. The first permanent settlement was at Hilton's Point (present-day Dover). By 1631, the Upper Plantation comprised modern-day Dover, Durham and Stratham; in 1679, it became the "Royal Province". Father Rale's War was fought between the colonists and the Wabanaki Confederacy throughout New Hampshire.
New Hampshire was one of the thirteen colonies that rebelled against British rule during the American Revolution. By the time of the American Revolution, New Hampshire was a divided province. The economic and social life of the Seacoast region revolved around sawmills, shipyards, merchants' warehouses, and established village and town centers. Wealthy merchants built substantial homes, furnished them with the finest luxuries, and invested their capital in trade and land speculation. At the other end of the social scale, there developed a permanent class of day laborers, mariners, indentured servants and even slaves.
The only battle fought in New Hampshire was the raid on Fort William and Mary, December 14, 1774, in Portsmouth Harbor, which netted the rebellion sizable quantities of gunpowder, small arms and cannon. (General Sullivan, leader of the raid, described it as, "remainder of the powder, the small arms, bayonets, and cartouche-boxes, together with the cannon and ordnance stores") over the course of two nights. This raid was preceded by a warning to local patriots the previous day, by Paul Revere on December 13, 1774, that the fort was to be reinforced by troops sailing from Boston. According to unverified accounts, the gunpowder was later used at the Battle of Bunker Hill, transported there by Major Demerit, who was one of several New Hampshire patriots who stored the powder in their homes until it was transported elsewhere for use in revolutionary activities. During the raid, the British soldiers fired upon the rebels with cannon and muskets. Although there were apparently no casualties, these were among the first shots in the American Revolutionary period, occurring approximately five months before the Battles of Lexington and Concord.
The United States Constitution was ratified by New Hampshire on June 21, 1788, when New Hampshire became the ninth state to do so.[32]
New Hampshire was a Jacksonian stronghold; the state sent Franklin Pierce to the White House in the election of 1852. Industrialization took the form of numerous textile mills, which in turn attracted large flows of immigrants from Quebec (the "French Canadians") and Ireland. The northern parts of the state produced lumber, and the mountains provided tourist attractions. After 1960, the textile industry collapsed, but the economy rebounded as a center of high technology and as a service provider.
Starting in 1952, New Hampshire gained national and international attention for its presidential primary held early in every presidential election year. It immediately became the most important testing grounds for candidates for the Republican and Democratic nominations. The media gave New Hampshire and Iowa about half of all the attention paid to all states in the primary process, magnifying the state's decision powers and spurring repeated efforts by out-of-state politicians to change the rules.
1790 141,885 —
New Hampshire population density
The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of New Hampshire was 1,356,458 on July 1, 2018, a 3.04% increase since the 2010 United States Census.[34] The center of population of New Hampshire is in Merrimack County, in the town of Pembroke.[35] The center of population has moved south 12 miles (19 km) since 1950,[36] a reflection of the fact the state's fastest growth has been along its southern border, which is within commuting range of Boston and other Massachusetts cities.
The most densely populated areas generally lie within 50 miles (80 km) of the Massachusetts border, and are concentrated in two areas: along the Merrimack River Valley running from Concord to Nashua, and in the Seacoast Region along an axis stretching from Rochester to Portsmouth. Outside of those two regions, only one community, the city of Keene, has a population over 20,000. The four counties covering these two areas account for 72% of the state population, and one (Hillsborough) has nearly 30% of the state population, as well as the two most populous communities, Manchester and Nashua. The northern portion of the state is very sparsely populated: the largest county by area, Coos, covers the northern 1/4 of the state and has only around 31,000 people, about a third of whom live in a single community (Berlin). The trends over the past several decades have been for the population to shift southward, as many northern communities lack the economic base to maintain their populations, while southern communities have been absorbed by the Greater Boston metropolis.
Largest reported ancestry groups in New Hampshire by town as of 2013. Dark purple indicates Irish, light purple English, pink French, turquoise French Canadian, dark blue Italian, and light blue German. Gray indicates townships with no reported data.
As of the 2010 Census, the population of New Hampshire was 1,316,470. The gender makeup of the state was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. 21.8% of the population were under the age of 18; 64.6% were between the ages of 18 and 64; and 13.5% were 65 years of age or older.[37]
The racial makeup of New Hampshire as of the 2010 Census was:[37]
White: 93.9% (92.3% non-Hispanic)
Black or African American: 1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native: 0.2%
Asian: 2.2%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander: approx. 0.0%
Other race: 0.9%
Two or more races: 1.6%
New Hampshire Racial Breakdown of Population
Black or African American 0.6% 0.7% 1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander – – 0.0%
Two or more races – 1.1% 1.6%
Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population in 2010: 0.6% were of Mexican, 0.9% Puerto Rican, 0.1% Cuban, and 1.2% other Hispanic or Latino origin.
According to the 2010–2015 American Community Survey, the largest ancestry groups in the state were Irish (21.0%), English (16.8%), French (14.9%), Italian (10.5%), German (9.0%), French Canadian (8.7%), and American (5.6%).[40]
New Hampshire has the highest percentage (23.4%) of residents with French/French-Canadian/Acadian ancestry of any U.S. state.[41]
According to the Census Bureau's American Community Survey estimates from 2015, 2.1% of the population aged 5 and older speak Spanish at home, while 1.8% speak French.[42] In Coos County, 9.6% of the population speaks French at home,[43] down from 16% in 2000.[44]
Birth data[edit]
Note: Percentages in table do not add up to 100, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.
Asian 485 (3.9%) 528 (4.3%) 527 (4.2%) 504 (4.1%) 479 (4.0%) 472 (3.9%)
Black 316 (2.5%) 259 (2.1%) 280 (2.3%) 208 (1.7%) 234 (1.9%) 241 (2.0%)
American Indian 25 (0.2%) 21 (0.2%) 26 (0.2%) 8 (0.0%) 26 (0.2%) 13 (0.1%)
Hispanic (of any race) 513 (4.1%) 591 (4.8%) 638 (5.1%) 697 (5.7%) 673 (5.6%) 745 (6.2%)
Total New Hampshire 12,396 (100%) 12,302 (100%) 12,433 (100%) 12,267 (100%) 12,116 (100%) 11,995 (100%)
Religion in New Hampshire
Affiliation Percent
A Pew survey showed that the religious affiliations of the people of New Hampshire was as follows: Protestant 30%, Catholic 26%, LDS (Mormon) 1%, Jewish 1%, Jehovah's Witness 2% and non-religious at 36%.[51]
A survey suggests people in New Hampshire and Vermont[note 3] are less likely than other Americans to attend weekly services and only 54% say that they are "absolutely certain there is a God" compared to 71% in the rest of the nation.[note 4][52] New Hampshire and Vermont are also at the lowest levels among states in religious commitment. In 2012, 23% of New Hampshire residents in a Gallup poll considered themselves "very religious", while 52% considered themselves "non-religious".[53] According to the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) the largest denominations are the Catholic Church with 311,028 members; The United Church of Christ with 26,321 members; and the United Methodist Church with 18,029 members.[54]
In 2016, a Gallup Poll found that New Hampshire was the least religious state in the United States. Only 20% of respondents in New Hampshire categorized themselves as "very religious," while the nationwide average was 40%.[55]
Further information: New Hampshire locations by per capita income
Total employment 2016
Number of employer establishments
37,868 [56]
The Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates that New Hampshire's total state product in 2018 was $86 billion, ranking 40th in the United States.[57] Median household income in 2017 was $74,801, the fourth highest in the country (including Washington, DC).[58] Its agricultural outputs are dairy products, nursery stock, cattle, apples and eggs. Its industrial outputs are machinery, electric equipment, rubber and plastic products, and tourism is a major component of the economy.[59]
New Hampshire experienced a major shift in its economic base during the 20th century. Historically, the base was composed of the traditional New England manufactures of textiles, shoe making, and small machining shops, drawing upon low-wage labor from nearby small farms and from parts of Quebec. Today, these sectors contribute only 2% for textiles, 2% for leather goods, and 9% for machining of the state's total manufacturing dollar value.[60] They experienced a sharp decline due to obsolete plants and the lure of cheaper wages in the Southern United States.
New Hampshire today has a broad-based and growing economy, with a state GDP growth rate of 2.2% in 2018.[57] The state's largest economic sectors in 2018, based on contribution to GDP, are: 15% real estate and rental and leasing; 13% professional business services; 12% manufacturing; 10% government and government services; and 9% health care and social services.[61]
The state's budget in FY2018 was $5.97 billion, including $1.79 billion in federal funds.[62] The issue of taxation is controversial in New Hampshire, which has a property tax (subject to municipal control) but no broad sales tax or income tax. The state does have narrower taxes on meals, lodging, vehicles, business and investment income, and tolls on state roads.
According to the Energy Information Administration, New Hampshire's energy consumption and per capita energy consumption are among the lowest in the country. The Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, near Portsmouth, is the largest nuclear reactor in New England and provided 57% of New Hampshire's electricity generation and 27% of its electricity consumption in 2017. In 2016 and 2017, New Hampshire obtained more of its electricity generation from wind power than coal-fired power plants. Approximately 32% of New Hampshire's electricity consumption came from renewable resources (including nuclear, hydroelectric, wind, and other renewable resources). New Hampshire was a net exporter of electricity, exporting 63 trillion BTU.[63]
New Hampshire's residential electricity use is low compared with the national average, in part because demand for air conditioning is low during the generally mild summer months and because few households use electricity as their primary energy source for home heating. Nearly half of New Hampshire households use fuel oil for winter heating, which is one of the largest shares in the United States. New Hampshire has potential for renewable energies like wind power, hydroelectricity, and wood fuel.[63]
The state has no general sales tax and no personal state income tax (the state does tax, at a 5 percent rate, income from dividends and interest), and the legislature has exercised fiscal restraint. Efforts to diversify the state's general economy have been ongoing.
New Hampshire's lack of a broad-based tax system has resulted in the state's local communities having some of the nation's highest property taxes. However, the state's overall tax burden is relatively low; in 2010 New Hampshire ranked 44th highest among states in combined average state and local tax burden.[64]
As of February 2010, the state's unemployment rate was 7.1%.[65] By October 2010, the unemployment rate had dropped to 5.4%.[66] The (preliminary) seasonally unemployment rate in April 2019 was 2.4% based on a 767,500 person civilian workforce with 749,000 people in employment. New Hampshire's workforce is 90% in nonfarm employment, with 18% employed in trade, transportation, and utilities; 17% in education and health care; 12% in government; 11% in professional and business services; and 10% in leisure and hospitality.[67]
According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, New Hampshire had the eighth-highest percentage of millionaire households in the United States, at 6.48% of all households.[68] In 2013, New Hampshire also had the nation's lowest poverty rate at just 8.7% of all residents, according to the Census Bureau.[69]
Largest employers[edit]
In March 2018, 86% of New Hampshire's workforce were employed by the private sector, with 53% of those workers being employed by firms with less than 100 employees. About 14% of private sector employees are employed by firms with more than 1,000 employees.[70]
According to community surveys by the Economic & Labor Market Information Bureau of NH Employment Security, the following are the largest private employers in the state:[71]
Location (base)
Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon 7,000
Fidelity Investments Merrimack 6,000
BAE Systems North America Nashua 4,700
Liberty Mutual Dover 3,800
Elliot Hospital Manchester 3,800
Dartmouth College Hanover 3,500
Southern New Hampshire University Manchester 3,200
Capital Regional Health Care Concord 3,000
Catholic Medical Center Manchester 2,300
Southern New Hampshire Health System Nashua 2,200
New Hampshire's state government employs approximately 6,100 people. Additionally, the U.S. Department of State employs approximately 1,600 people at the National Visa Center in Portsmouth, which processes United States immigrant visa petitions.[71]
Main article: Government of New Hampshire
The New Hampshire State House in Concord
The governor of New Hampshire, since January 5, 2017, is Chris Sununu (Republican). New Hampshire's two U.S. senators are Jeanne Shaheen and Maggie Hassan (both Democrats), both of whom are former governors. New Hampshire's two U.S. representatives as of January 2019 are Chris Pappas and Ann McLane Kuster (both Democrats).
New Hampshire is an alcoholic beverage control state, and through the State Liquor Commission it takes in $100 million from the sale and distribution of liquor.[72]
New Hampshire is the only state in the US that does not require adults to wear seat belts in their vehicles.
Governing documents[edit]
Main article: Law of New Hampshire
The New Hampshire State Constitution of 1783 is the supreme law of the state, followed by the New Hampshire Revised Statutes Annotated and the New Hampshire Code of Administrative Rules. These are roughly analogous to the federal United States Constitution, United States Code and Code of Federal Regulations respectively.
Branches of government[edit]
New Hampshire has a bifurcated executive branch, consisting of the governor and a five-member executive council which votes on state contracts worth more than $5,000 and "advises and consents" to the governor's nominations to major state positions such as department heads and all judgeships and pardon requests. New Hampshire does not have a lieutenant governor; the Senate president serves as "acting governor" whenever the governor is unable to perform the duties.
The legislature is called the General Court. It consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. There are 400 representatives, making it one of the largest elected bodies in the English-speaking world,[73] and 24 senators. Legislators are payed a nominal salary of $200 per year, the lowest in the U.S. by far, thus most are effectively volunteers, nearly half of which are retirees. (For details, see the article on Government of New Hampshire.)
The state's sole appellate court is the New Hampshire Supreme Court. The Superior Court is the court of general jurisdiction and the only court which provides for jury trials in civil or criminal cases. The other state courts are the Probate Court, District Court, and the Family Division.
Local government[edit]
New Hampshire has 10 counties and 234 cities and towns.
New Hampshire is a "Dillon Rule" state, meaning the state retains all powers not specifically granted to municipalities. Even so, the legislature strongly favors local control, particularly with regard to land use regulations. New Hampshire municipalities are classified as towns or cities, which differ primarily by the form of government. Most towns generally operate on the town meeting form of government, where the registered voters in the town act as the town legislature, and a board of selectmen acts as the executive of the town. Larger towns and the state's thirteen cities operate either on a council-manager or council-mayor form of government. There is no difference, from the state government's point of view, between towns and cities besides the form of government. All state-level statutes treat all municipalities identically.
New Hampshire has a small number of unincorporated areas that are titled as grants, locations, purchases, or townships. These locations have limited to no self-government, and services are generally provided for them by neighboring towns or the county or state where needed. As of the 2000 census, there were 25 of these left in New Hampshire, accounting for a total population of 173 people (as of 2000[update]); several were entirely depopulated. All but two of these unincorporated areas are in Coos County.
Main article: Politics of New Hampshire
The Republican Party and the Democratic Party are the two largest parties in the state. A plurality of voters are registered as undeclared, and can choose either ballot in the primary and then regain their undeclared status after voting.[74] The Libertarian Party had official party status from 1990 to 1996. There is also a program known as the Free State Project with the goal of turning New Hampshire into a libertarian stronghold by suggesting that libertarians move there so they can concentrate their power. The Libertarian Party regained ballot access after the 2016 election because the gubernatorial candidate received over 4% of the vote.[75]
As of February 5, 2016, there were 882,959 registered voters, of whom 389,472 (44.1%) did not declare a political party affiliation, 262,111 (29.7%) were Republican, and 231,376 (26.2%) were Democratic.[76]
New Hampshire primary[edit]
Saint Anselm College has held several national debates on campus.
New Hampshire is internationally known for the New Hampshire primary, the first primary in the quadrennial American presidential election cycle. State law requires that the Secretary of State schedule this election at least one week before any "similar event". However, the Iowa caucus has preceded the New Hampshire primary. This primary, as the nation's first contest that uses the same procedure as the general election, draws more attention than those in other states, and it has been decisive in shaping the national contest.
State law permits a town with fewer than 100 residents to open its polls at midnight, and close when all registered citizens have cast their ballots. As such, the communities of Dixville Notch in Coos County and Hart's Location in Carroll County, among others, have chosen to implement these provisions. Dixville Notch and Hart's Location are traditionally the first places in both New Hampshire and the U.S. to vote in presidential primaries and elections.
Nominations for all other partisan offices are decided in a separate primary election. In Presidential election cycles, this is the second primary election held in New Hampshire.
Saint Anselm College in Goffstown has become a popular campaign spot for politicians as well as several national presidential debates because of its proximity to Manchester-Boston Regional Airport.[77][78][79]
Elections[edit]
Main article: Elections in New Hampshire
Further information: United States presidential elections in New Hampshire
Candidate signs at Dartmouth College before a debate in 2008
In the past, New Hampshire has often voted Republican. Between 1856 and 1988, New Hampshire cast its electoral votes for the Democratic presidential ticket six times: Woodrow Wilson (twice), Franklin D. Roosevelt (three times), and Lyndon B. Johnson (once).
Beginning in 1992, New Hampshire became a swing state in both national and local elections. The state supported Democrats Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996, John Kerry in 2004, Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012, and Hillary Clinton in 2016. It was the only state in the country to switch from supporting Republican George W. Bush in the 2000 election to supporting his Democratic challenger in the 2004 election, when John Kerry, a senator from neighboring Massachusetts, won the state. Donald Trump very narrowly lost the state in 2016.
The Democrats dominated elections in New Hampshire in 2006 and 2008. In 2006, Democrats won both congressional seats (electing Carol Shea-Porter in the 1st district and Paul Hodes in the 2nd district), re-elected Governor John Lynch, and gained a majority on the Executive Council and in both houses of the legislature for the first time since 1911. Democrats had not held both the legislature and the governorship since 1874.[80] Neither U.S. Senate seat was up for a vote in 2006. In 2008, Democrats retained their majorities, governorship, and Congressional seats; and former governor Jeanne Shaheen defeated incumbent Republican John E. Sununu for the U.S. Senate in a rematch of the 2002 contest.
The 2008 elections resulted in women holding a majority, 13 of the 24 seats, in the New Hampshire Senate, a first for any legislative body in the United States.[81]
In the 2010 midterm elections, Republicans made historic gains in New Hampshire, capturing veto-proof majorities in the state legislature, taking all five seats in the Executive Council, electing a new U.S. senator, Kelly Ayotte, winning both U.S. House seats, and reducing the margin of victory of incumbent Governor John Lynch compared to his 2006 and 2008 landslide wins.
In the 2012 state legislative elections, Democrats took back the New Hampshire House of Representatives and narrowed the Republican majority in the New Hampshire Senate to 13–11.[82] In 2012, New Hampshire became the first state in U.S. history to elect an all-female federal delegation: Democratic Congresswomen Carol Shea-Porter of Congressional District 1 and Ann McLane Kuster of Congressional District 2 accompanied U.S. Senators Jeanne Shaheen and Kelly Ayotte in 2013. Further, the state elected its second female governor: Democrat Maggie Hassan.
In the 2014 elections, Republicans retook the New Hampshire House of Representatives with a 239–160 majority and expanded their majority in the New Hampshire Senate to 14 of the Senate's 24 seats. On the national level, incumbent Democratic Senator Jeanne Shaheen defeated her Republican challenger, former Massachusetts senator Scott Brown. New Hampshire also elected Frank Guinta (R) for its First Congressional District representative and Ann Kuster (D) for its Second Congressional District representative.
In the 2016 elections, Republicans held the New Hampshire House of Representatives with a majority of 220–175, and held onto their 14 seats in the New Hampshire Senate. In the gubernatorial race, retiring Governor Maggie Hassan was succeeded by Republican Chris Sununu, who defeated Democratic nominee Colin Van Ostern. Sununu became the state's first Republican governor since Craig Benson, who left office in 2005 following defeat by John Lynch. Republicans control the governor's office and both chambers of the state legislature, a governing trifecta in which the Republicans have full governing power.[83] In the presidential race, the state voted for the Democratic nominee, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton over the Republican nominee, Donald Trump, by a margin of 2,736 votes, or 0.3%, one of the closest results the state has ever seen in a presidential race, while Libertarian nominee Gary Johnson received 4.12% of the vote. The Democrats also won a competitive race in the Second Congressional District, as well as a competitive senate race. New Hampshire's congressional delegation currently consists of exclusively Democrats. It is one of only eight states with an entirely Democratic delegation, five of which are in New England (the others are Delaware, Hawaii, and New Mexico).
Highways[edit]
Main article: New Hampshire Highway System
New Hampshire has a well-maintained, well-signed network of Interstate highways, U.S. highways, and state highways. State highway markers still depict the Old Man of the Mountain despite that rock formation's demise in 2003. Several route numbers align with the same route numbers in neighboring states. State highway numbering is arbitrary, with no overall system as with U.S. and Interstate systems. Major routes include:
Interstate 89 runs northwest from near Concord to Lebanon on the Vermont border.
Interstate 93 is the main Interstate highway in New Hampshire and runs north from Salem (on the Massachusetts border) to Littleton (on the Vermont border). I-93 connects the more densely populated southern part of the state to the Lakes Region and the White Mountains further to the north.
Interstate 95 runs north–south briefly along New Hampshire's seacoast to serve the city of Portsmouth, before entering Maine
U.S. Route 1 runs north–south briefly along New Hampshire's seacoast to the east of and paralleling I-95.
U.S. Route 2 runs east–west through Coos County from Maine, intersecting Route 16, skirting the White Mountain National Forest passing through Jefferson and into Vermont.
U.S. Route 3 is the longest numbered route in the state, and the only one to run completely through the state from the Massachusetts border to the Canada–US border. It generally parallels Interstate 93. South of Manchester, it takes a more westerly route through Nashua. North of Franconia Notch, U.S. 3 takes a more easterly route, before terminating at the Canada–US border.
U.S. Route 4 terminates at the Portsmouth Traffic Circle and runs east–west across the southern part of the state connecting Durham, Concord, Boscawen and Lebanon.
New Hampshire Route 16 is a major north–south highway in the eastern part of the state that generally parallels the border with Maine, eventually entering Maine as Maine Route 16. The southernmost portion of NH 16 is a four-lane freeway, co-signed with U.S. Route 4.
New Hampshire Route 101 is a major east–west highway in the southern part of the state that connects Keene with Manchester and the Seacoast region. East of Manchester, NH 101 is a four-lane, limited access highway that runs to Hampton Beach and I-95.
Air[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of airports in New Hampshire.
New Hampshire has 25 public-use airports, three with some scheduled commercial passenger service. The busiest airport by number of passengers handled is Manchester-Boston Regional Airport in Manchester and Londonderry, which serves the Greater Boston metropolitan area.
Long-distance intercity passenger rail service is provided by Amtrak's Vermonter and Downeaster lines.
Greyhound, Concord Coach, Vermont Translines and Dartmouth Coach all provide intercity bus connections to and from points in New Hampshire and to long-distance points beyond and in between.
As of 2013[update], Boston-centered MBTA Commuter Rail services reach only as far as northern Massachusetts. The New Hampshire Rail Transit Authority is working to extend "Capital Corridor" service from Lowell, Massachusetts, to Nashua, Concord, and Manchester, including Manchester-Boston Regional Airport; and "Coastal Corridor" service from Haverhill, Massachusetts, to Plaistow, New Hampshire.[84][85] Legislation in 2007 created the New Hampshire Rail Transit Authority (NHRTA) with the goal of overseeing the development of commuter rail in the state of New Hampshire. In 2011, Governor John Lynch vetoed HB 218, a bill passed by Republican lawmakers, which would have drastically curtailed the powers and responsibilities of NHRTA.[86][87] The I-93 Corridor transit study suggested a rail alternative along the Manchester and Lawrence branch line which could provide freight and passenger service.[88] This rail corridor would also have access to Manchester-Boston Regional Airport.
Eleven public transit authorities operate local and regional bus services around the state, and eight private carriers operate express bus services which link with the national intercity bus network.[89] The New Hampshire Department of Transportation operates a statewide ride-sharing match service, in addition to independent ride matching and guaranteed ride home programs.[89]
Tourist railroads include the Conway Scenic Railroad, Hobo-Winnipesaukee Railroad, and the Mount Washington Cog Railway.
Freight railways[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of New Hampshire railroads.
Freight railways in New Hampshire include Claremont & Concord Railroad (CCRR), Pan Am Railways via subsidiary Springfield Terminal Railway (ST), the New England Central Railroad (NHCR), the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad (SLR), and New Hampshire Northcoast Corporation (NHN).
Dartmouth College's Baker Library
Thompson Hall, at UNH, was built in 1892.
High schools[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of high schools in New Hampshire.
The first public high schools in the state were the Boys' High School and the Girls' High School of Portsmouth, established either in 1827 or 1830 depending on the source.[90][91][92]
New Hampshire has more than 80 public high schools, many of which serve more than one town. The largest is Pinkerton Academy in Derry, which is owned by a private non-profit organization and serves as the public high school of a number of neighboring towns. There are at least 30 private high schools in the state.
New Hampshire is also the home of several prestigious university-preparatory schools, such as Phillips Exeter Academy, St. Paul's School, Proctor Academy, Brewster Academy, and Kimball Union Academy.
In 2008 the state tied with Massachusetts as having the highest scores on the SAT and ACT standardized tests given to high school students.[93]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of colleges and universities in New Hampshire.
Antioch University New England
Colby-Sawyer College
Community College System of New Hampshire:
Great Bay Community College
Lakes Region Community College
Manchester Community College
Nashua Community College
NHTI, Concord's Community College
River Valley Community College
White Mountains Community College
Tuck School of Business
Geisel School of Medicine
Thayer School of Engineering
Franklin Pierce University
Hellenic American University
Magdalen College of the Liberal Arts
New Hampshire Institute of Art
Saint Anselm College
Thomas More College of Liberal Arts
University System of New Hampshire:
University of New Hampshire School of Law
University of New Hampshire at Manchester
Granite State College
Keene State College
Daily newspapers[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of newspapers in New Hampshire.
Berlin Daily Sun
Conway Daily Sun
The Dartmouth of Dartmouth College/Hanover
Eagle Times of Claremont
Eagle Tribune (Lawrence, Massachusetts area, including parts of southern New Hampshire)
Foster's Daily Democrat of Dover
Keene Sentinel
Laconia Citizen
Laconia Daily Sun
New Hampshire Union Leader of Manchester, formerly known as the Manchester Union-Leader
The Portsmouth Herald
The Telegraph of Nashua
The Sun (Lowell, Massachusetts area, including parts of southern New Hampshire)
Valley News of Lebanon
Other publications[edit]
Area News Group
Business New Hampshire Magazine
The Cabinet Press
Milford Cabinet
Bedford Journal
Hollis/Brookline Journal
Merrimack Journal
Carriage Towne News (covering Kingston and surrounding towns)
The Exeter News-Letter
The Hampton Union
Hippo Press (covering Manchester, Nashua and Concord)
Manchester Express
Manchester Ink Link[94]
The New Hampshire (University of New Hampshire student newspaper)
New Hampshire Free Press
The New Hampshire Gazette (Portsmouth alternative biweekly)
NH Living Magazine[95]
Salmon Press Newspapers (family of weekly newspapers covering Lakes Region & North Country)
Radio stations[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of radio stations in New Hampshire.
Television stations[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of television stations in New Hampshire.
ABC affiliate WMUR, Channel 9, Manchester
PBS affiliate Channel 11, Durham (New Hampshire Public Television); repeater stations in Keene and Littleton
Justice Network affiliate WWJE, Channel 50, Derry/Manchester
Ion Television station WPXG, Channel 21, Concord (satellite of WBPX in Boston)
The following professional and professional development sports teams are in New Hampshire:
Sport / League
New Hampshire Fisher Cats Eastern League (class AA baseball) Professional
Seacoast United Phantoms USL League Two (soccer) Professional development (adult)
Manchester Freedom Independent Women's Football League Professional
NH Olympic Development Program (soccer) US Soccer Region 1 Professional development (youth: ages 11–17)
The New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon is an oval track and road course which has been visited by national motorsport championship series such as the NASCAR Monster Energy Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, American Canadian Tour (ACT), the Champ Car and the IndyCar Series. Other motor racing venues include Star Speedway and New England Dragway in Epping, Lee Speedway in Lee, Twin State Speedway in Claremont, Monadnock Speedway in Winchester and Canaan Fair Speedway in Canaan.
New Hampshire has two NCAA Division I teams: the Dartmouth Big Green (Ivy League) and the New Hampshire Wildcats (America East Conference), as well as three Division II teams: Franklin Pierce Ravens, Saint Anselm Hawks and Southern New Hampshire Penmen (Northeast-10 Conference).
The Seacoast United Phantoms are a soccer team based in Hampton, New Hampshire. Founded in 1996, the team plays in the USL League Two, the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, in the Northeast Division of the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home games at Amesbury Sports Park, where they have played since 2017.
Annually since 2002, high-school statewide all-stars compete against Vermont in ten sports during "Twin State" playoffs.[96]
In the spring, New Hampshire's many sap houses hold sugaring-off open houses. In summer and early autumn, New Hampshire is home to many county fairs, the largest being the Hopkinton State Fair, in Contoocook. New Hampshire's Lakes Region is home to many summer camps, especially around Lake Winnipesaukee, and is a popular tourist destination. The Peterborough Players have performed every summer in Peterborough, New Hampshire since 1933. The Barnstormers Theatre in Tamworth, New Hampshire, founded in 1931, is one of the longest-running professional summer theaters in the United States.[97]
In September, New Hampshire is host to the New Hampshire Highland Games. New Hampshire has also registered an official tartan with the proper authorities in Scotland, used to make kilts worn by the Lincoln Police Department while its officers serve during the games. The fall foliage peaks in mid-October. In the winter, New Hampshire's ski areas and snowmobile trails attract visitors from a wide area.[98] After the lakes freeze over they become dotted with ice fishing ice houses, known locally as bobhouses.
Funspot, the world's largest video arcade[99] (now termed a museum), is in Laconia.
In fiction[edit]
Comics[edit]
Al Capp, creator of the comic strip Li'l Abner, used to joke that Dogpatch, the setting for the strip, was based on Seabrook, where he would vacation with his wife.[100]
Television[edit]
In the cable television series Breaking Bad, the character Walter White escapes to a cabin in a fictional county in northern New Hampshire, and two of the show's episodes are titled "Live Free or Die" and "Granite State".[101]
In the show The West Wing, President Bartlet is from New Hampshire, and the state features prominently in several episodes.
Notable residents or natives[edit]
For a more comprehensive list, see List of people from New Hampshire.
New Hampshire firsts[edit]
On January 5, 1776 at Exeter, the Provincial Congress of New Hampshire ratified the first independent constitution in the Americas, free of British rule.[102]
On June 12, 1800, Fernald's Island in the Piscataqua River became the first government-sanctioned US Navy shipyard.
Started in 1822, Dublin's Juvenile Library was the first free public library.
In 1828, the first women's strike in the nation took place at Dover's Cocheco Mills.
Founded in 1833, the Peterborough Town Library was the first public library, supported with public funds, in the world.[103]
On August 3, 1852, Center Harbor was the site of the first intercollegiate athletic event. Harvard defeated Yale in a 2-mile (3.2 km) rowing race on Lake Winnipesaukee, the first meeting in a rivalry that continues to this day.
Finished on June 27, 1874, the first trans-Atlantic telecommunications cable between Europe and America stretched from Balinskelligs Bay, Ireland, to Rye, New Hampshire.
On February 6, 1901, a group of nine conservationists founded the Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests, the first forest-conservation advocacy group in the US.
In 1908, Monsignor Pierre Hevey organized the nation's first credit union, "La Caisse Populaire, Ste-Marie" (The People's Bank) in Manchester, to help mill workers save and borrow money, which is now St. Mary's Bank.[104]
In 1933, the League of New Hampshire Craftsmen held the first crafts fair in the nation.[105]
In July 1944, the Bretton Woods Agreement, the first fully negotiated system intended to govern monetary relations among independent nation-states, was signed at the Mount Washington Hotel.
On May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard of Derry rode a Mercury spacecraft and became the first American in space.
In 1963, New Hampshire's legislature approved the nation's first modern state lottery, which began play in 1964.
In 1966, Ralph Baer of Sanders Associates, Inc., Nashua, recruited engineers to develop the first home video game.
Christa McAuliffe of Concord became the first private citizen selected to venture into space. She perished with her six space shuttle Challenger crewmates on January 28, 1986.
On May 17, 1996, New Hampshire became the first state in the country to install a green LED traffic light. New Hampshire was selected because it was the first state to install the red and yellow variety statewide.[106]
On May 31, 2007, New Hampshire became "...the first state to recognize same-sex unions without a court order or the threat of one."[107]
^ Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
^ The summit of Mount Washington is the highest point in northeastern North America.
^ which were polled jointly
^ 86% in Alabama and South Carolina
^ "New Hampshire Almanac: Fast New Hampshire Facts". NH.gov. New Hampshire State Library. 2011. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
^ For use in a reference publication see Mencken, H. L. (1990). American Language Supplement 2. Knopf-Doubleday. The adjoining New Hampshire is usually called the Granite State, which the DAE traces to 1830. It has also been called the White Mountain State, the Mother of Rivers, and the Switzerland of America
For official use see "Fast New Hampshire Facts". New Hampshire Almanac. State of New Hampshire. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
For contemporary use see "'Live Free or Die' – The Story of the New Hampshire Motto". New England Today. Yankee Publishing, Inc. August 10, 2017. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018. For tourism purposes, however, New Hampshire typically tones it down a bit, presenting itself as the Granite State or the White Mountain State...
^ "New Hampshire Almanac: State Official and Honorary State Song". NH.gov. New Hampshire State Library. 2012. Archived from the original on October 17, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
^ In the event of a vacancy in the office of Governor, the President of the State Senate is first in line to assume the gubernatorial powers and duties as Acting Governor.
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^ Senate President Sylvia Larsen, quoted in "Women make up majority in state Senate," New Hampshire Union Leader, November 6, 2008.
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^ Lee, K. k Rebecca Lai, Jasmine C.; Russell, Karl (November 11, 2016). "In a Further Blow to Democrats, Republicans Increase Their Hold on State Governments". Nytimes.com. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
^ "Draft NHRTA Prioritized Goals" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 2, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
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^ "Business groups unite to support NH Rail Transit Authority". New Hampshire Journal. Archived from the original on August 23, 2011.
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^ a b "NH Rideshare – Your Source for Transportation Alternatives". NH Dept. of Transportation. Archived from the original on April 25, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
^ Grizzell, Emit Duncan (1923). Origin and Development of the High School in New England Before 1865. New York: Macmillan Company. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-4067-4258-9. OCLC 1921554.
^ Bush, George Gary (1898). "№ 22, History of Education in New Hampshire". United States Bureau of Education Circular of Information, № 3, 1898. Washington, D. C.: GPO: 134. OCLC 817663. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Wallace, R. Stuart; Hall, Douglas E. "A New Hampshire Education Timeline" (PDF). New Hampshire Historical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ "The IQ-Trapper". V-weiss.de. Volkmar Weiss. May 30, 2009. Archived from the original on April 17, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
^ "ManchesterInkLink.com". Manchester Ink Link. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
^ "NHLiving.com". New Hampshire Living. Archived from the original on January 24, 2016. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
^ Fantino, John A. (July 20, 2008). "Vermont breaks through". Burlington Free Press.
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^ "Bureau of Trails". nhstateparks.org. NH Division of Parks and Recreation. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
^ "2017 Business Excellence Winner: Robert Lawton of Funspot". www.nhbr.com. November 1, 2017. Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
^ Morse, Susan (July 4, 2004). "Last of the Yankees". Portsmouth Herald. Archived from the original on September 26, 2005. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
^ Goodman, Tim (September 22, 2013). "'Breaking Bad' Deconstruction, Ep. 15: 'Granite State'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
^ "NH Firsts & Bests". Nh.gov. State of New Hampshire. Archived from the original on November 28, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2011.
^ "The Peterborough Town Library". Libraryhistorybuff.org. The Library History Buff. Archived from the original on July 14, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
^ "History". St. Mary's Bank. Archived from the original on February 8, 2016. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
^ Nowers, E. (August 25, 2007). "League of New Hampshire Craftsmen's Fair". nhcrafts.org. League of N.H. Craftsmen. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
^ "Sending a bright signal", Concord Monitor pg B-6, May 18, 1996
^ Wang, Beverley (April 26, 2007). "State Senate approves civil unions for same-sex couples". Concord Monitor. Archived from the original on November 3, 2007. Retrieved April 26, 2007.
Sletcher, Michael (2004). New England. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-32753-7.
Land Use in Cornish, N.H., a 2006 documentary presentation by James M. Patterson of the Valley News, depicts various aspects of the societal and cultural environment of northern New Hampshire.
New Hampshireat Deep web's sister projects
Visitnh.gov, New Hampshire Office of Travel and Tourism Development
New Hampshire State Guide from the Library of Congress
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: Can't unregister parent theme's CPT from my child theme Here's how I create my CPT in my parent theme's functions.php:
function my_custom_post_job() {
  ...
  register_post_type('job', $args);
}
add_action('init', 'my_custom_post_job');

I'm trying to unregister this in my child theme's functions.php like so:
add_action('init', 'remove_cpt');
function remove_cpt() {
  remove_action('init', 'my_custom_post_job');
}

What am I doing wrong?

A: you cannot remove a hook when you are in the same hook with the same priority.
a solution is to hook the action with a lower priority
add_action('init', 'remove_cpt', 5);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
[CAPITAL CONNECTIONS] New Zealand sees history preserved in Seoul
Ambassador of New Zealand to Korea, Philip Turner, left, and his partner Hiroshi Ikeda by the stone wall of Deoksu Palace in central Seoul on Nov. 9. [PARK SANG-MOON]
Every great capital has a diplomatic corps representing their countries and promoting their own cultures. Our latest series about the diplomatic community in Seoul, "Capital Connections," invites ambassadors to introduce a part of Seoul that they have come to love and a part of their home city, connecting readers to two spots in the world they have come to call home. - Ed.
King Gojong is known as one of the first kings of Korea to have enjoyed coffee regularly.
Gojong is said to have sipped his Americano in Jeonggwanheon Hall on the palace grounds or in the Russian Legation when he took refuge for one year after the murder of Empress Myeongseong in 1895.
Little did the king know then that, only a century later, people would be sipping their cappuccino or ice vanilla latte by the window of a cafe that overlooks the palace grounds.
"One way to experience something Kiwi in Seoul would be to order a flat white at a coffee shop," said Philip Turner, ambassador of New Zealand to Korea, at a cafe on the 13th floor of Seoul City Hall's annex building in central Seoul on Nov. 9.
"Though of course, both Australians and Kiwis have a claim over where the flat white comes from," said Hiroshi Ikeda, the top envoy's partner who worked for Coca-Cola Japan, Yakult Europe and Fonterra.
As the New Zealand Embassy is located in the Jeong-dong area in central Seoul, Turner almost never misses a day to walk through the area, especially along the popular stonewall road on the east side of the palace.
"I think Seoul is one place in the world where you feel history is very close," Turner said. "The Jeong-dong area is especially so with quite iconic 19th-century buildings — European, American, British, French, Russian and Japanese. That was a period of great change in Korea."
The area reminds him a lot of a place back in New Zealand — a pocket in Auckland with lots of 19th-century buildings that speak to the history of the country.
"Auckland was the capital city for 25 years," Turner said. "There are some structures in the Auckland University area that speak about the city during this time, when quite a number of public buildings were being built, like the Old Government House, the Clock Tower and the High Court Building. The Jeong-dong area reminds me a lot of this area."
The following is an excerpt of the interview with Turner and Ikeda as they delve into the history of Auckland, New Zealand and its people.
Left: The Clock Tower building at the University of Auckland, designed by American architect, Roy Lippincott. Above: The Old Government House, also located in the university, built in 1856 in the classical style and a key location for the government of New Zealand until 1865. [UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND]
Q. Tell us about Auckland's historical sites.
A. Philip Turner: The Old Government House was built in 1856 and is now part of the Auckland University. It was where the governor of New Zealand lived at the time and was designed to look like a grand old European house. It is surrounded by old trees and has a beautiful green lawn. When I was a student at the university, we would have lunch there under the trees.
The High Court Building is more in the Gothic revival style, with arches that were designed to reflect medieval architecture that was popular in the late 19th-century. The building is also built with bricks, in a style not unlike some buildings in Jeong-dong, like the Ewha and Baejae schools.
Hiroshi Ikeda: The Auckland University precinct is a nice place to walk around. You will also see many merchant houses preserved from the 1870s and '80s.
The Moon Jae-in administration is working to relocate government bodies and public organizations to regions outside of Seoul. Tell us about the move of the capital city from Auckland to Wellington.
Turner: As I understand it, Korea chose its capital in the past, Hanyang, for its prime location for the defenses of the country. For us, the reason for choosing Wellington as the new capital city of the country has to do with transportation.
Back then, most people moved by ship and it took several days for members
of the parliament throughout the country to get to Auckland. Wellington, being the most central place in the country, was therefore selected as the new capital city. The move was quite controversial at the time, but it's worked out over the years.
But I think for Seoul, the way the government has decentralized and moved some of its bodies to Sejong, that's released a lot of pressure, particularly on Gwanghwamun, a historical center. Even though Seoul's a huge city, it doesn't feel as congested as I expected, because it's been decentralized. So the government, in my opinion, has done a good job in pushing out, and each area has a different personality.
Would you say Wellington and Auckland have different vibes?
Ikeda: Wellington has a feeling of a compact, concentrated city — that the whole city is a community.
Turner: It is small but feels cosmopolitan at the same time — we call it the coolest capital in the world. It has a good bustling night life and people love living there because of the cool drinking and dining environment.
Auckland is quite different — it is much bigger, more spread-out, but has a very nice climate for outdoor activities. It is sometimes referred to as the city of sails — so many people go boating, I think it may have one of the largest proportions of yacht ownership in the world. But I would also add that Auckland has become a new diverse city — 39 percent of Aucklanders were born outside of New Zealand and 25 percent of Aucklanders are Asian. There are about 40,000 Koreans, which makes up nearly 1 percent of the whole population of the country.
Where else in Seoul do you think people can get a glimpse of Korea's history?
Turner: I think Seoul is one place in the world where you feel history is very close. Particularly because North Korea is right there — just over those hills, 50 miles away is the other half of Korea, which is divided because of historical reasons. And you have conscription — you walk around in towns and you see all these young guys in uniform. And that's because of the threat from North Korea. So you feel the history, all the time.
When I first came to Seoul, you couldn't see Gyeongbok [Palace], because there was the big [Japanese] administrative building there.
I think it was in the late '90s when they demolished it. And now you look at Sejongdaero, and you see the Blue House, Gyeongbok [Palace], Gwanghwamun and it's beautiful. I think the city has done a fantastic job of restoring the view of the palace and opening up the center of the city and making it look historical again.
How do you think Seoul has changed since your first visit here?
Turner: I first came here in 1991. Now it's become a world city in the sense that it is very international. For one, a lot more young people in Korea today speak English. When you get on a bus or subway, the signs are in English, Chinese and Korean. You have a fantastic transport system and it is very easy to navigate around in the city.
Ikeda:I'm impressed with the bus system. And since this city is surrounded by hills, we've gone to [Mount] Inwang and [Mount] Bukhan by public transportation and we're planning on gong to [Mount] Bukhan again soon.
Turner: Last Sunday, we got on a bus and got off at the last stop and walked up [Mount] Bukhan. In how many cities in the world can you do that? The mountains are very accessible. And when you go tramping along the hills, you can follow the city walls and some of those stones in the walls go back like 300 years. So there it is again, the modern and traditional faces of Seoul in one experience.
New Zealand in brief
• Capital: Wellington
• Largest city: Auckland (pop. 1.4 million)
• Area: 104,000 square miles (about 3 times South Korea)
• Population: 4.5 million (2018)
• Main language: English, Maori
• Korean expats: Around 40,000
• National Day: Waitangi Day on Feb. 6
• Fun fact: Kiwis are all about adventures — bungee jumping is said to come from New Zealand!
Kiwi luge in Korea
Skyline Luge, a New Zealand-based company that builds and operates luge rides for children and adults, opened the first luge track in Tongyeong, South Gyeongsang, last year. The company has hosted more than 40 million rides worldwide.
Kowis in action
More Kowis, or Korean Kiwis, are rising in the entertainment and sports scene. K-pop stars Microdot, Beenzino, Sanchez, Bizzy and Jennie from girl group Blackpink grew up in New Zealand. Lydia Ko is a world-leading golfer.
New Zealander Lewis Patterson
Born and raised in New Zealand, Lewis Patterson received an honorary citizenship of Seoul for his contribution to business and trade relations between the two countries. He spent 12 years in Korea where he founded Latitude in 2010, which assists New Zealand companies seeking to enter the Korean market.
Philip Turner and Hiroshi Ikeda
Philip Turner began his tenure as the New Zealand ambassador to Korea in April 2018. Previously, he was the director of global stakeholder affairs at Fonterra. Prior to that, Turner served in the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1986 to 1999.
Hiroshi Ikeda, Turner's partner, was born in Japan but has lived and worked in China, Belgium, Japan and New Zealand. He has worked in marketing and business planning for Coca-Cola Japan, Yakult Europe and Fonterra. Ikeda has recently been working with the Japanese government to champion same-sex marriage and LGBT non-discrimination.
BY ESTHER CHUNG [chung.juhee@joongang.co.kr]