The object tracking benchmark consists of 21 training sequences and 29 test sequences. Despite the fact that we have labeled 8 different classes, only the classes 'Car' and 'Pedestrian' are evaluated in our benchmark, as only for those classes enough instances for a comprehensive evaluation have been labeled. The labeling process has been performed in two steps: First we hired a set of annotators, to label 3D bounding boxes as tracklets in point clouds. Since for a pedestrian tracklet, a single 3D bounding box tracklet (dimensions have been fixed) often fits badly, we additionally labeled the left/right boundaries of each object by making use of Mechanical Turk. We also collected labels of the object's occlusion state, and computed the object's truncation via backprojecting a car/pedestrian model into the image plane. We evaluate submitted results using the common metrics CLEAR MOT and MT/PT/ML. Since there is no single ranking criterion, we do not rank methods. Our development kit provides details about the data format as well as utility functions for reading and writing the label files.
The goal in the object tracking task is to estimate object tracklets for the classes 'Car' and 'Pedestrian'. We evaluate 2D 0-based bounding boxes in each image. We like to encourage people to add a confidence measure for every particular frame for this track. For evaluation we only consider detections/objects larger than 25 pixel (height) in the image and do not count Vans as false positives for cars or Sitting Persons as wrong positives for Pedestrians due to their similarity in appearance. As evaluation criterion we follow the CLEARMOT  and Mostly-Tracked/Partly-Tracked/Mostly-Lost  metrics. We do not rank methods by a single criterion, but bold numbers indicate the best method for a particular metric. To make the methods comparable, the time for object detection is not included in the specified runtime.
 K. Bernardin, R. Stiefelhagen: Evaluating Multiple Object Tracking Performance: The CLEAR MOT Metrics. JIVP 2008.
 Y. Li, C. Huang, R. Nevatia: Learning to associate: HybridBoosted multi-target tracker for crowded scene. CVPR 2009.
Note 1: On 01.06.2015 we have fixed several bugs in the evaluation script and also in the calculation of the CLEAR MOT metrics. We have furthermore fixed some problems in the annotations of the training and test set (almost completely occluded objects are no longer counted as false negatives). Furthermore, from now on vans are not counted as false positives for cars and sitting persons not as false positives for pedestrians. We have also improved the devkit with new illustrations and re-calculated the results for all methods. Please download the devkit and the annotations/labels with the improved ground truth for training again if you have downloaded the files prior to 20.05.2015. Please consider reporting these new number for all future submissions. The last leaderboards right before the changes can be found here!
Note 2: On 27.11.2015 we have fixed a bug in the evaluation script which prevented van labels from being loaded and led to don't care areas being evaluated. Please download the devkit with the corrected evaluation script (if you want to evaluate on the training set) and consider reporting the new numbers for all future submissions. The leaderboard has been updated. The last leaderboards right before the changes can be found here!
Note 3: On 25.05.2016 we have fixed a bug in the evaluation script wrt. overcounting of ignored detections. Thanks to Adrien Gaidon for reporting this bug. Please download the devkit with the corrected evaluation script (if you want to evaluate on the training set) and consider reporting the new numbers for all future submissions. The leaderboard has been updated. The last leaderboards right before the changes can be found here!
Note 4: On 25.04.2017 a major update of the evaluation script includes the following changes: the counting of ignored detections was corrected; occlusion, truncation and minimum height handling was corrected; and the evaluation summary includes additional statistics. In detail, submitted detections are ignored (i.e. not considered) if they are classified as a "neighboring class" (i.e. 'Van' for 'Car' or 'Cyclist' for 'Pedestrian'), if they do not exceed the minimum height of 25px or if there is an overlap of 0.5 or greater with a 'Don't Care' area. In contrary, ground truth detections are ignored if the occlusion exceeds occlusion level 2, if the truncation exceeds the maximum truncation of 0 or if it belongs to a neighboring class (i.e. 'Van' for 'Car' or 'Cyclist' for 'Pedestrian'). We made sure that true positives, false positives, true negatives and false negatives are counted correctly. Finally, the evaluation summary now includes information about the number of ignored detections. We like to thank the following researchers for detailed feedback: Adrien Gaidon, Jonathan D. Kuck and Jose M. Buenaposada. The last leaderboards right before the changes can be found here!
W. Choi: Near-online multi-target tracking with aggregated local flow descriptor. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision 2015.
S. Sharma, J. Ansari, J. Krishna Murthy and K. Madhava Krishna: Beyond Pixels: Leveraging Geometry and Shape Cues for Online Multi-Object Tracking. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2018.
Y. Xiang, A. Alahi and S. Savarese: Learning to Track: Online Multi- Object Tracking by Decision Making. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
W. Tian, M. Lauer and L. Chen: Online Multi-Object Tracking Using Joint Domain Information in Traffic Scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2019.
S. Scheidegger, J. Benjaminsson, E. Rosenberg, A. Krishnan and K. Granström: Mono-Camera 3D Multi-Object Tracking Using Deep Learning Detections and PMBM Filtering. 2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IV 2018, Changshu, Suzhou, China, June 26-30, 2018 2018.
G. Gunduz and T. Acarman: A lightweight online multiple object vehicle tracking method. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2018 IEEE 2018.
B. Lee, E. Erdenee, S. Jin, M. Nam, Y. Jung and P. Rhee: Multi-class Multi-object Tracking Using Changing Point Detection. ECCVWORK 2016.
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
S. Wang and C. Fowlkes: Learning Optimal Parameters for Multi-target Tracking with Contextual Interactions. International Journal of Computer Vision 2016.
D. Frossard and R. Urtasun: End-To-End Learning of Multi-Sensor 3D Tracking by Detection. ICRA 2018.
J. Yoon, C. Lee, M. Yang and K. Yoon: Online Multi-object Tracking via Structural Constraint Event Aggregation. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2016.
A. Osep, W. Mehner, M. Mathias and B. Leibe: Combined Image- and World-Space Tracking in Traffic Scenes. ICRA 2017.
P. Lenz, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: FollowMe: Efficient Online Min-Cost Flow Tracking with Bounded Memory and Computation. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
A. Milan, K. Schindler and S. Roth: Detection- and Trajectory-Level Exclusion in Multiple Object Tracking. CVPR 2013.
J. Yoon, M. Yang, J. Lim and K. Yoon: Bayesian Multi-Object Tracking Using Motion Context from Multiple Objects. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2015.
A. Gaidon and E. Vig: Online Domain Adaptation for Multi-Object Tracking. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC) 2015.
A. Geiger, M. Lauer, C. Wojek, C. Stiller and R. Urtasun: 3D Traffic Scene Understanding from Movable Platforms. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 2014.
H. Zhang, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: Understanding High-Level Semantics by Modeling Traffic Patterns. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2013.
A. Milan, S. Roth and K. Schindler: Continuous Energy Minimization for Multitarget Tracking. IEEE TPAMI 2014.
L. Zhang, Y. Li and R. Nevatia: Global data association for multi-object tracking using network flows.. CVPR .
A. Geiger: Probabilistic Models for 3D Urban Scene Understanding from Movable Platforms. 2013.
H. Pirsiavash, D. Ramanan and C. Fowlkes: Globally-Optimal Greedy Algorithms for Tracking a Variable Number of Objects. IEEE conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2011.
A. Andriyenko, K. Schindler and S. Roth: Discrete-Continuous Optimization for Multi-Target Tracking. CVPR 2012.
F. Alencar, C. Massera, D. Ridel and D. Wolf: Fast Metric Multi-Object Vehicle Tracking for Dynamical Environment Comprehension. Latin American Robotics Symposium (LARS), 2015 2015.
M. Dimitrievski, P. Veelaert and W. Philips: Behavioral Pedestrian Tracking Using a Camera and LiDAR Sensors on a Moving Vehicle. Sensors 2019.
TUD Datasets: "TUD Multiview Pedestrians" and "TUD Stadmitte" Datasets.
PETS 2009: The Datasets for the "Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance"" Workshop.
EPFL Terrace: Multi-camera pedestrian videos.
ETHZ Sequences: Inner City Sequences from Mobile Platforms.


Stephanie Frick - Don't Dream It, Be It.
Please welcome the newest Sponsored Team TNT Athlete, Stephanie Frick. This farm girl born and raised in Choteau, Montana has transferred her focus from ranch work to body work. Stephanie is a Montana State University Alumni who always had a passion to be a teacher.
This dream has since become a reality as she is currently certified and teaching in mat pilates, machine pilates, and as well as P90X. From marathon races to having movie nights with her kids, this mother of two has a niche for being the motivator and motivated. If you want a dose of inspiration head down to Access Fitness and try out one of her classes.


Have you signed it yet?
Signed what? The No Phone Zone! Please don't stop reading here.
"Fact: Texting and talking while driving IS AS DANGEROUS AS DRIVING DRUNK."
"5,870 deaths are known of from last year that happened because someone was talking on the phone." (For you that may not seem like that much. But that is a lot of people, a lot of lives. If you are a Houston's First Baptist Member, that would be all of our active members dying in one year.) Note: That doesn't include injuries, just deaths. The number could be zero if we all signed this pledge.
"This is an epidemic in America. Everyone has a cell phone. Everyone things that it wouldn't happen to them. ...The safest thing you could do is buckle up and put your phone away." -Ray Lahood, Secretary of Transportation, Washington D.C.
"We can make the laws, but laws start with the people. Today we can make the change"
"I found my daughter in the grass next to her pick up. She had been texting while driving. We don't want to see parents having to bury their children. It's just madness."- Mom to Alex. Oprah's response: "It really is madness. It's the most selfish thing we could do to take other's lives in our hands when we choose to pick up the phone. These senseless accidents don't have to happen."
3. Get creative! If you are a teacher give your kids extra credit for signing it. If you own a company give incentives to your employees for signing it. What else could you do?
4. Check out Focus Driven HERE (Advocates for Cell-Free Driving).
I can personally say that Chris and I committed to this a couple of months ago. I ain't gonna lie, it has been an adjustment. There have been so many times I've reached for it out of habit. Talking on the phone is just what I did to connect with people... and often times pass the time. Now, I just return any calls or texts before I head off some where or once I get there. Bottom-line: I've realized it's not worth my life, Karis' life or the lives of those around me to answer that call or text.
Will you sign the pledge? Go HERE to check it out.


Ok, here we go again. This is a very subjective category with many differences of opinion. This list is compiled based on numerous top lists from all different kinds of people. The one criteria is that it has to be relatively clean, not a children show, and watched by parents after putting the kids to bed. The good thing about TV Shows in this category are that you can really get into a show and it will takes weeks or sometimes over a months to watch the entire series. These are not LDS TV shows but are vetted and geared towards couples that want a good show to watch after the kids are in bed. This is a Top 5 list of best tv shows, but there are many others to consider. I would consider this list of TV shows not the really well known or "Popular" Ones (ie Modern Family, The Office, etc). These are the less known TV Shows that are a great diversion from child rearing.
The TV show that came up #1 on most lists is Downton Abbey. For the Husbands – Too proud to call it a good show? It is actually a manly show, get over it.
More Drama than Parenthood? Maybe..
No comment. Haven't Seen it. But alot of parents have and really like it.
Classic. Clean. Murder Drama. A little too much OCD for me.
Not too much bad to say about this series.
Loved it and Hated it.
Not quite as good as the Robin Hood I watched as a kid.


Catching a dig at Narendra Modi, West Bengal CM Mamata Banerjee said, "If you take 'panga' (fight) with me, I will become 'changa' (better)." "During the election, he (Narendra Modi) becomes 'Chaiwala'. He becomes 'Rafalewala' once the election is over," she replied. The CM's remarks come after Prime Minister Narendra Modi's rally in the state's Jalpaiguri on Friday.


Wouldn't it behave to have every one of your digital marketing devices from a single dashboard? It would certainly help you remain much better arranged, conserve time and conserve cash.
You've got website builders, e-mail marketing devices, search engine optimization tools, video clip creation devices, application maker, design tools, discussion builders, internet browser notifications, heat maps, pop up builders, touchdown web page builders and all sort of other stuff you use day-to-day to even construct your sales funnels.
Think about constantly you can conserve by having all of your digital marketing devices in a single dashboard. Every little thing that you needed and all under one roof. It sure would make it much easier to take care of. You would certainly be able to stay far better organized.
Then to cover it off you are probably always requiring a digital marketing device to add to your toolbox. So off you go investigating for some software or whatever it is that you are trying to find. Would certainly you instead conserve your time and energy?
Wouldn't it behave to have whatever you needed under one roof so you might stay extra arranged. This way you could invest even more time marketing your business.
Conserving simply 5 minutes a day, 5 days a week for 50 weeks equivalent 1250 minutes a year. That's practically 21 hours of wasted time you could have spent marketing your business.
It's all about functioning smarter not harder. A lot of us have just to much to do. It appears we never have enough time to accomplish the task that we want to. Introducing the ultimate digital marketing system with all the devices you require.
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Get Response is among the even more budget-friendly service providers as well as what do they charge? Anywhere from $50 all the way to $165 relying on the tools and also intend you pick.
Builderall currently has 26 digital marketing tools. They are in the process of making these tools much more efficient. That is one thing the proprietor of Builderall Erick Salgado, is always aiming to maintain his platform up to date and also even more effective.
New updates are coming soon. They have a new relaunch coming July 27 and also they have hires around 40 designers to make this launch a success. Not only are they updating a few of the digital marketing devices however they are adding new ones as well.
We are hearing rumors as well as below are a number of brand-new point coming. In Charge Email Marketing platform will certainly see a major overhaul making it simpler and also less complex to make use of.
Email scripts that you can modify to your taste. shopping solution, Chatbot, even more sales funnels (we are listening to 30 brand-new sales funnels) as well as a brand-new manual on just how to make use of every one of the digital marketing tools.
We will not really understand until the relaunch of Builderall starting 27 July. You'll want to stay tuned for all the amazing news. We're not sure if there will certainly be any cost modifications. Now the present rates for the Digital Marketing plan is $29.90.
The Digital Marketing package gives you all the devices under a single control panel. They also have a Builderall Business Pro bundle that runs $49.90 a month and also it permits to to build a business making use of all the Builderall digital marketing tools.
Builderall has among the most effective affiliate programs. You earn money 100% commissions on everybody you generate. So if someone enroll in the digital marketing package you obtain the $29.90. If you bring a person in under business Pro package you obtain $49.90.
Then after the initial month you'll receive 30% commissions every month. Now below's the kicker. They have a 2 tier commission plan. That suggests you also earn money 30% on anybody on your 2nd degree.
Builderall is likewise bring out a program comparable to JVzoo. Any person that has the Builderall Business Pro program is going to be able to use their own products to other participants inside Builderall.
You'll likewise have the ability to have various other participants sell your products online in the kind of affiliate marketing. In order to do that you will certainly be required to supply a totally free item initially.
Not exactly sure on all the information rather yet. waiting for July 27 as well as we will certainly let you recognize. So follow us on Twitter, sign up for our newsletter or just call us and also we'll notify you when we get the news.
As you can see, Builderall has lots of digital marketing devices and more coming. You can see Builderall and also see for yourself. You can also call us and become part of our team.
We offer free training to obtain you up in running. It's a training program designed as a fast track to your initial $2000 a month. On top of that, you will become a participant of our exclusive Facebook group.
We additionally will certainly assist you build your first internet site if you need help and share our secret on how to use Builderall for increase passive income streams. This way you do not have all your eggs in one basket.


The Axis I Value Inside Lift is Harmar's economical, light-duty, manual rotation inside lift. With its 250 lb. capacity, it can lift virtually every lightweight scooter and power chair on the market. It can be installed on either side of the vehicle and in external applications such as pick-up trucks.


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Home News Wake County The Raleigh City Council Probably Won't Vote on John Kane's 40-Story Downtown Tower Tonight
The Raleigh City Council Probably Won't Vote on John Kane's 40-Story Downtown Tower Tonight
by Leigh Tauss
Members of the public can weigh in tonight on a project that could add an up-to-forty-story tower downtown near the intersection of Peace and Harrington Streets. But don't expect a vote from the city council on it just yet.
Developer John Kane has already agreed to give $1 million to the city for affordable housing as a bargaining chip in his effort to convince the council to rezone the property, which currently allows twelve stories. The tower, which could be the tallest in the city, would include a parking deck and a mix of office, retail, and residential units.
Kane managing director Bonner Gaylord, a former Raleigh City Council member, has said the tower would serve as a gateway to downtown. The North Central Citizens Advisory Council voted 10–5 in favor of rezoning the land for the project.
But some council members worry the tower would worsen traffic on the already congested Peace Street and Capital Boulevard interchange, where not far away construction is underway on a building anchored by a Publix grocery store (also by Kane).
Others, like Kay Crowder, have said forty stories "is not a given."
While state law prohibits what's known as inclusionary zoning—or requiring developers to include affordable units in order to proceed with a project—the council hopes to use affordable housing as a way for developers to mitigate a project's community impact, such as the strain on city infrastructure and increased traffic. In this case, Kane offered to put up $1 million and agreed to conduct a traffic impact analysis.
That hasn't been completed yet, council member Stef Mendell said Monday. And she's not prepared to vote on the rezoning without seeing a study.
"I need some kind of traffic information in order to make a decision," Mendell told the INDY.
Nicole Stewart, however, said the traffic study wouldn't happen until the property was rezoned—which seems to set up a catch-22.
"After the project has been designed, which is after the rezoning, staff will work with the builder on the [traffic study]," Stewart told the INDY.
Gaylord says it would be "impossible" to do a traffic study without the rezoning in place. "We haven't designed the project yet so we don't know the exact mix of products we're going to include," he told the INDY in a text message. "A lot of that comes out through the year-plus design process. … We have agreed to pay for the traffic study at the site plan, is the way it's typically done (except in [downtown] where it's not required)."
Gaylord says the chances of a vote were "very slim": "We have conditions we need to add, so it will go to at least the next [meeting] for a final vote."
Among those conditions will be that the traffic study comes after the rezoning—which, for Mendell, seems to be a deal-killer.
The council will adjourn for summer recess after the meeting, so without a vote, the project will not move forward until at least late August, when the council returns.
The hearing is scheduled for the council's evening session, which begins at 7:00 p.m.
Contact staff writer Leigh Tauss at ltauss@indyweek.com.
News John Kane Stef Mendell Raleigh Council 40-story tower Corey Branch Kane Realty Group

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Ghost, in comics, may refer to:

Ghost (Dark Horse Comics), a superhero and star of her own series, published in the 1990s and revived in 2012
Ghosts (comics), an anthology of tales of the supernatural
Ghost (Marvel Comics), a supervillain and foe of Iron Man
Ghost (Nedor Comics), a Nedor Comics superhero from the Golden Age of Comics
Ghost, a foe of Captain Atom in Charlton and later DC Comics

It may also refer to:

Ghost Girl, a Marvel Comics character
Ghost Rider
The Phantom Rider, a Western-themed character originally known as the Ghost Rider.
The Gay Ghost, or the Grim Ghost, a DC Comics character
Gentleman Ghost, or the Ghost, a DC Comics villain
The Grim Ghost, an Atlas/Seaboard Comics character
Casper, a funny looking "do-good" ghost in Harvey Comics

See also
Ghost (disambiguation)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Stephen A. Boppart
Administrative Titles
Director, Imaging at Illinois
Abel Bliss Professor of Engineering
boppart@illinois.edu
4351 Beckman Institute
Prof. Boppart's Lab Page
Prof. Boppart's Home Page
M.D. Medicine Harvard Medical School June 2000
Ph.D. Medical and Electrical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 1998
Stephen Boppart is a Professor and Grainger Distinguished Chair in Engineering with appointments in the Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Bioengineering. He is also a full-time faculty member at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology. His Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory is focused on developing novel optical biomedical diagnostic and imaging technologies and translating them into clinical applications. Prof. Boppart received his Ph.D. in Medical and Electrical Engineering from MIT, his M.D. from Harvard Medical School, and his residency training at the University of Illinois in Internal Medicine. Since joining the faculty at UIUC in 2000, he has published over 400 invited and contributed publications, presented and co-authored over 900 invited and contributed presentations, and has over 50 patents related to optical biomedical imaging technology. He has mentored over 200 undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate interdisciplinary researchers. He was recognized by MIT's Technology Review Magazine as one of the Top 100 Young Innovators in the World for his development of medical technology, and the Paul F. Forman Engineering Excellence Award from the Optical Society of America for dedication and advancement in undergraduate research education. More recently, he received the international Hans Sigrist Prize in the field of Diagnostic Laser Medicine, the SPIE Biophotonics Innovator Award, and was elected as a member of the National Academy of Inventors. Prof. Boppart has co-founded four start-up companies to commercialize and disseminate his optical technologies for biomedical imaging. He is a Fellow of AAAS, IEEE, OSA, SPIE, AIMBE, and BMES. He previously served as Director of a campus-wide Imaging at Illinois to integrate imaging science, technology, and applications across multiple modalities and fields, and is currently Director of the Center for Optical Molecular Imaging supported by an academic-clinical-industry partnership with GlaxoSmithKline. Prof. Boppart has been a strong advocate for the integration of engineering and medicine to advance human health and our healthcare systems, and has been involved in visioning, establishing, and developing our new engineering-based Carle Illinois College of Medicine. He is currently serving at the Executive Associate Dean and Chief Diversity Officer, and is dedicated to integrating innovation, technology, and engineering into the medical curriculum to educate and train the next generation of physician innovators.
Director, Imaging at Illinois; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, August 2008-November 2015
Full Professor (50%), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Full Professor (50%), Department of Bioengineering; Clinical Professor (0%), Department of Internal Medicine; Research Professor (0%), Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory; Research Professor (0%), Institute for Genomic Biology; Full Professor (0%), Neuroscience Program; Full Professor (0%), Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Prof. Boppart's teaching activities and interests are highly interdisciplinary, following his research activities. Teaching activities cover cross-cutting areas in engineering, medicine, and biology. Courses have included ECE/BioE 414 and 415, Biomedical Instrumentation lecture and laboratory, ECE 460 Optical Imaging, ECE 380 Biomedical Imaging, and ECE 467 Biophotonics. For each of these, courses are taught relating fundamental engineering and scientific principles to real-world applications. Students participate directly with state-of-the-art information exchange by performing literature searches and preparing classroom presentations of journal articles about techniques and technologies discuss in lecture. Concepts are reinforced by use of stimulating discussions centered around clinical scenarios. For example, students in ECE 380 Biomedical Imaging are randomly given a medical beeper than when called for an "emergency", are presented with clinical medical images and scenarios that call on their ability to apply course principles to diagnose technical problems in the imaging data or systems. Students complete these courses having a broad-based knowledge of these subjects, and key tools for further in-depth investigations and advanced study.
My interdisciplinary research group combines the fields of engineering, medicine, and biology to develop novel optical biomedical imaging technologies and translate these for biological discovery and clinical applications. Biophotonics, the application of light in medicine, biology, and biotechnology applications, enables us to develop innovative technologies to detect disease at early stages, when it is most amenable to treatment.
Post-Doctoral Research Opportunities
The Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has an immediate opening for a post-doctoral research associate in the area of nonlinear optical imaging systems for biomedical applications. Headed by Prof. Stephen Boppart, the Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory is a dynamic and productive interdisciplinary research and training environment focused on developing novel optical biomedical imaging technologies, translating them into clinical applications, and driving them toward commercialization for improving healthcare.
There is a long history of undergraduate research opportunities in Prof. Boppart's Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory. Over the last 15 years, over 75 undergraduate students have conducted research in Prof. Boppart's laboratory, often leading to an undergraduate thesis. Research areas cover aspects of optical imaging and physics, signal and imaging processing, image acquisition systems, biomedical optics and biophotonics, laser and optical source development, and clinical imaging applications. Undergraduate research experiences typically extend over two or more semesters, and result in the completion of an undergraduate thesis and a departmental symposium presentation. Exceptional research has been published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national conferences.
Optical Diagnostics of Cancer
Lasers in Medicine and Biology
Optical Biomedical Imaging
Primary Care Imaging (ear, eye, skin, oral)
Imaging Biofilms and Microbiomes
Biosensors and bioelectronics
Coherent optics/imaging
Electromagnetics and Optics
Lasers and optical physics
Nano-photonics
Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
Healthcare and medical technologies
Imaging science and systems
Nanomedicine and bio-nanotechnology
Neuro-engineering
Photonics: optical engineering and systems
Point-of-care diagnostics
Quantum optics, cryptography, information, and computing
Selected Articles in Journals
Li J, Wilson MN, Bower AJ, Marjanovic M, Chaney EJ, Barkalifa R, Boppart SA. Video-rate multimodal multiphoton imaging and three-dimensional characterization of cellular dynamics in wounded skin. (Invited Cover Figure) Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, 13:2050007, 2020.
Boppart SA, You S, Lianhuang L, Chen J, Tu H. Simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multiharmonic microscopy and beyond. (Invited Cover Figure) APL Photonics, 4:100901, 2019.
Renteria C, Suarez J, Licudine A, Boppart SA. Depixelation and enhancement of fiber bundle images by bundle rotation. Applied Optics, 59:536-544, 2020.
Bower AJ, Sorrells JE, Li J, Marjanovic M, Barkalifa R, Boppart SA. Tracking metabolic dynamics of apoptosis with high-speed two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. Biomedical Optics Express, 10:6408-6421, 2019.
You S, Sun Y, Yang L, Park J, Tu H, Marjanovic M, Sinha S, Boppart SA. Real-time intraoperative diagnosis by deep neural network driven multiphoton virtual histology. npj Precision Oncology, 3:33, 2019.
Cocca CJ, Selmic LE, Samuelson J, Huang P-C, Wang J, Boppart SA. Comparison between optical coherence tomographic and histopathologic appearances of artifacts cause by common surgical conditions and instrumentation. Veterinary Surgery, 48:1361-1371, 2019.
Monroy GL, Won J, Dsouza R, Pande P, Hill MC, Porter RG, Novak MA, Spillman DR, Boppart SA. Automated classification platform for the identification of otitis media using optical coherence tomography. npj Digital Medicine, 2:22, https://rdcu.be/btwrz, 2019.
Graf BW, Chaney EJ, Marjanovic M, Adie SG, De Lisio M, Valero MC, Boppart MD, Boppart SA. Long-term time-lapse multimodal intravital imaging of regeneration and bone-marrow-derived cell dynamics in skin. Technology, 1:1-12, DOI:10.1142/S2339547813500027, 2013.
Graf BW, Bower A, Chaney EJ, Marjanovic M, Adie SG, De Lisio M, Valero MC, Boppart MD, Boppart SA. In vivo multimodal microscopy for detecting bone-marrow-derived cell contribution to skin regeneration. (Featured on Cover) Journal of Biophotonics, 7:96-102, 2014.
Ahmad A, Shemonski ND, Adie SG, Kim H, Hwu W-M, Carney PS, Boppart SA. Real-time in vivo computed optical interferometric tomography. Nature Photonics, 7:444-448, 2013.
Nguyen CT, Jung W, Kim J, Chaney EJ, Novak M, Stewart CN, Boppart SA. Non-invasive in vivo optical detection of biofilm in the human middle ear. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 109:9529-9534, 2012.
Adie SG, Graf BW, Ahmad A, Carney PS, Boppart SA. Computational adaptive optics for broadband optical interferometric tomography of biological tissue. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 109:7175-7180, 2012.
Jung W, Kim J, Jeon M, Chaney EJ, Stewart CN, Boppart SA. Handheld optical coherence tomography scanner for primary care diagnostics. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Invited Cover Figure, 58:741-744, 2011.
Chowdary PD, Benalcazar WA, Jiang Z, Chaney EJ, Marks DL, Gruebele M, Boppart SA. Molecular histopathology by spectrally-reconstructed nonlinear interferometric vibrational imaging. Cancer Research (Invited Cover Figure), 70:9562-9569, 2010.
Nguyen FT, Zysk AM, Chaney EJ, Kotynek JG, Oliphant UJ, Bellafiore FJ, Rowland KM, Johnson PA, Boppart SA. Intraoperative evaluation of breast tumor margins with optical coherence tomography. Cancer Research (Invited Cover Figure), 69:8790-8796, 2009.
T.S. Ralston, D.L. Marks, P.S. Carney, S.A. Boppart, "Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microscopy," Nature Physics, 3:129-134, 2007.
C. Xi, D. L. Marks, D. S. Parikh, L. Raskin, and S. A. Boppart, "Structural and Functional Imaging of Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Mixers Using Optical Coherence Tomography." Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 101:7516-7521, 2004.
D. L. Marks, and S. A. Boppart, "Nonlinear Interferometric Vibrational Imaging," Physics Review Letters, 92:123905, 2004.
Boppart SA, Luo W, Marks DL, and Singletary K, "Optical Coherence Tomography: Feasibility for Basic Research and Image-Guided Surgery of Breast Cancer," Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 84, pp. 85-97, 2004.
Boppart SA, Bouma BE, Pitris C, Southern JF, Brezinski ME, Fujimoto JG, "In Vivo Cellular Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging," Nature Medicine, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 861-864, 1998.
Edmund Optics Start-Up Award to PhotoniCare, 2018
SPIE Photonics West Start-Up Challenge, First Place to PhotoniCare, 2018
Entrepreneurial Excellence New Venture Award, 2017 - Champaign Economic Development Corporation
Fellow, Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES), 2017
IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Technical Achievement Award, 2016
iBIO Propel Chicago Innovation Showcase Business Plan Competition, 2015 - Diagnostic Photonics, Inc - First Place - PhotoniCare, Inc. - Second Place
Andrew T. Yang Research Award, Department of ECE, 2015
Excellence in Research Award, Carle Foundation Hospital, 2014
Fellow, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), 2014
Innovation Transfer Award, Illinois Office of Technology Management, 2014
PhotoniCare, Inc. start-up awards: Chicago Innovation Mentors, NSF I-CORP, Research Park I-START, 2013
Hans Sigrist Prize, International prize on selected topic of Diagnostic Laser Medicine, 2012
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2013
Bliss Professorship of Engineering, 2011
Fellow, IEEE – Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2011
Invitee, National Academies Keck Futures Initiative Conference Seeing the Future with Imaging Science, 2010
Innovate Illinois, State-wide small business competition runner-up for start-up company, Diagnostic Photonics, Inc., 2010
Paul F. Forman Engineering Excellence Award, Optical Society of America, 2009
Fellow, Optical Society of America, 2009
Fellow, SPIE - International Optical Society, 2009
Special Recognition of Achievement Award for Promotion Dossier Campus Committee on Promotion and Tenure, 2008
Visiting Professorship, Raine Medical Research Foundation, 2007-2008
Engineering Council Award for Excellence in Advising, 2006 and 2007
IEEE, Elected Senior Member, 2005
University of Illinois Alpha Chapter Tau Beta Pi (Engineering Honor Society) Outstanding Alumni Award, 2005
IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Early Career Achievement Award, 2005
UIUC College of Engineering Young Alumni Achievement Award, 2005
Technology Review Magazine's Top 100 Young Innovator in the World, 2002
Whitaker Foundation Fellow, 2001
Young Faculty Award, American Association of Anatomists, 2001
Graduated cum laude, Harvard Medical School, 2000
New Focus, Inc. Student Travel Award, 1998
American Association of Anatomists Travel Award, 1998
Coherent Laser Group Conference Travel Award, 1995
Brooks Air Force Base Outstanding Civilian of the Year Armstrong Laboratory, 1992
Senior 100 Honorary, 1990, University of Illinois
Graduated summa cum laude (Highest Honors), 1990, University of Illinois
Norman R. Carson Outstanding Junior Electrical Engineer in the United States, 1989
Eta Kappa Nu Outstanding Electrical Engineer, 1989, University of Illinois
National Society of Professional Engineers Scholar, 1986
Engineering Council Award for Excellence in Advising, 2006
UIUC College of Engineering Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, 2003, 2005
National Science Foundation CAREER Award, 2004
UIUC College of Engineering Xerox Faculty Award for Outstanding Research, 2002
Resident Physician Research Award, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, 2001
Soma Weiss Research Award, Harvard Medical School, 1999
Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Outstanding Armstrong Laboratory, 1992
Armstrong Laboratory Director's Award for Excellence, 1991
Air Force Scientific Advisory Board's Superior Laboratory at Brooks Air Force Base, 1991
E.C. Jordan Award for Bioengineering Research, 1990, University of Illinois
Public Service Honors
National 4-H Alumni Award for Illinois, 2008
Ironwood Lake Association, Board Member, 2006
Volunteer, Children's Science Museum, Exhibit Planning, 2002
Judge, Illinois Science Olympiad State Tournament, 2001
Judge, Illinois Junior Academy of Sciences, Science Fair, 2001, Regional Science Fair 2003
Usher and Volunteer, St. Matthews Catholic Church, Champaign, IL, 2000; Nursery Supervisor, 2002
BIOE 297 - Individual Study
BIOE 380 - Biomedical Imaging
ECE 380 - Biomedical Imaging


We are thrilled to be a part of the Smutketeers Xmas Bash this year! Head on over today, it's blogger day! You'll get to read more about us as well as other bloggers. And the best part? This event has an amazing Grand Prize… $200 Gift Card!!
You must comment on each of the 12 day's posts in order to be entered to win the GRAND PRIZE-a $200.00 Gift Card!-at the end!
Click here to go to our post.
Sounds fun thanks for the FYI.
I was over there earlier today.


To enjoy love, you just have to reach up and grab it. You met someone recently, and every day, your need to be with them grows stronger. This feeling is mutual, although it may not seem this way at first.
Love awaits you, you just need to push your fear to the side; you know, that fear that Capricorns face when it comes to commitment.
You always like to make sure your rope is tied tight, and that's fine. But, adding two simple knots on top of a sailor's knot is overkill. In the end, worrying so much is useless since everything will fall into place naturally.
Where there's a will, there's a way. This saying hits close to home for you since it's something that you've proven to yourself and those around you over the past months.
You've been able to overcome all sorts of obstacles, from financially related ones to job and health-related challenges. Now, you're feeling safer since you've come out victorious in all of these battles, and you know that you'll be up to the challenge of facing this big expense that's on its way. You know how to look towards the future with optimism and hope.
Continuing on with your everyday life and completing your tasks slowly and gradually has turned out to be very beneficial to you. By knowing that you have a lot on your plate, but still keeping your cool, you've been able to keep your health from suffering and avoid having another anxiety attack.
In fact, you've also been able to handle your fatigue better. However, if you want to get rid of this problem for good, try taking between 200 and 500 milligrams of royal jelly in the mornings, before eating or drinking anything. There's nothing more effective than this when it comes to fighting fatigue.


text:
/ Putin speaks to Algeria President, Armenia Premier
/ Libya, Ukraine hold talks on bilateral military cooperation
/ Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia, Djibouti hold talks on joint anti-terrorism efforts
/ Saudi Arabia to invest about $266bn for clean energy – Minister
Libya: 8 countries participate in 'peace' marathon
Athletes attend the half marathon organized with the slogan "We are racing for peace" in Tripoli, Libya.
Published in: Africa, Algeria, Asia & Americas, Europe & Russia, Japan, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, Philippines, Tunisia, Turkey, Videos & Photo Stories
Philippines lifts deployment ban on domestic workers to Saudi Arabia
The Philippines will lift a ban on deploying domestic workers to Saudi Arabia and resume it in November, after Riyadh agreed to boost protective measures for Filipino migrants, officials...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Middle East, News, Philippines, Saudi Arabia
Qatar deports migrant workers protesting unpaid salaries constructing World Cup stadiums
Qatar has deported migrant workers who have been protesting to demand they are paid their wages ahead of the World Cup which will be held in Doha in November....
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Bangladesh, Egypt, FIFA, India, International Organisations, Middle East, Nepal, News, Philippines, Qatar
Philippines suspends recruitment of domestic workers in Saudi Arabia
The recruitment of Filipino domestic workers has been suspended in Saudi Arabia, after a decision issued by the Philippines' Ministry of Labour. According to Saudi media, recruitment offices in...
August 17, 2021 | Reuters
UAE hospitals refuse to issue birth certificates if fees unpaid, charity finds
Philippine national Maya and her husband lost their low-paying jobs in the United Arab Emirates early in the coronavirus pandemic and with it their work visas and health insurance....
Published in: Asia & Americas, Blog, Blogs - Politics, Middle East, Opinion, Philippines, Sri Lanka, UAE
HRW: Biden administration made arms deals with 3 human rights abusers
The Biden administration is drawing up arms deals with at least three human rights abusers including Egypt, despite pledging to put human rights at the centre of its foreign...
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Egypt, HRW, International Organisations, Israel, Middle East, News, Palestine, Philippines, US
Egypt one of 10 countries Apple will not offer feature protecting users' web browsing data
Egypt is one of ten countries where Apple Inc will not be offering its new private relay service, a feature which will prevent service providers and advertisers from being...
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Belarus, China, Colombia, Egypt, Europe & Russia, Kazakhstan, Middle East, News, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Uganda
June 3, 2021 | Amelia Smith
'Most of them died whilst they were sleeping', Gaza doctor recalls the destruction
For the 11 days Israeli air strikes pummelled Gaza, Dr Khamis would try to take a two-hour nap around 8am, the only time he could catch some much needed...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Europe & Russia, Interviews, Israel, Middle East, Palestine, Philippines, UK
Israel summons Philippines envoy over UNHRC vote favouring Gaza war probe
The Israeli Foreign Ministry has summoned the Philippines envoy, Macairog Alberto, to protest against his country's vote in favour of forming an inquiry commission into Israel's violations in the...
Published in: Asia & Americas, International Organisations, Israel, Middle East, News, Palestine, Philippines, UN
Philippines stops workers heading to Saudi
The Philippines has suspended the deployment of workers to Saudi Arabia after it received reports that their employers and recruiters were making them pay for COVID-19 testing, quarantine and...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, Middle East, News, Philippines, Saudi Arabia
US approves Turkey sale of helicopters to Philippines
The United States has approved Turkey's decision to sell military helicopters to the Philippines in defiance of Congressional opposition, Turkish officials reportedly revealed yesterday. According to the news outlet Middle...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Europe & Russia, News, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Turkey, US
April 28, 2021 | Anjuman Rahman
Cookery lessons highlight the difficulties facing refugees in the UK
No one is born a migrant. Such status depends on many factors, including the way people are treated by society, and the opportunities and possibilities they have for the...
Published in: Afghanistan, Africa, Asia & Americas, Egypt, Europe & Russia, Interviews, Lebanon, Middle East, Philippines, Syria, UK
Israel warns citizens of possible attacks in five Arab countries
Israel's National Security Council has warned its citizens that Iran may target them overseas and urged them to be more vigilant, citing threats by Iranian officials, the Times of Israel reported....
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Europe & Russia, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Malaysia, Mali, Middle East, News, Nigeria, Philippines, Turkey, UAE
Philippines probes trafficking of 44 women to Syria
The Philippines Bureau of Immigration (BI) has opened an investigation into allegations that some of its officers were involved in the trafficking of 44 women to work in Syria, AFP...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Middle East, News, Philippines, Syria
Amnesty: UK has failed to support rights advocates in Egypt
A new report by Amnesty International says that health workers, lawyers, journalists and rights activists in several countries including Egypt have failed to get support or funding from British...
Published in: Afghanistan, Africa, Amnesty International, Asia & Americas, Colombia, Egypt, Europe & Russia, International Organisations, Libya, News, Philippines, Russia, UK, Zimbabwe
Filipina workers 'trafficked from UAE to Syria, abused and assaulted'
Filipina workers and maids have been trafficked from the United Arab Emirates to Syria where they have been subjected to assault, rape, abuse and the withholding of their wages,...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Middle East, News, Philippines, Syria, UAE
China suspends flights from UAE, Philippines, Sri Lanka over covid fears
The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) has temporarily suspended flights from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the Philippines and Sri Lanka starting from 17 August after several passengers...
Published in: Asia & Americas, China, Coronavirus, Middle East, Philippines, Sri Lanka, UAE
Philippines investigates suicide of a maid at embassy shelter in Lebanon
The Philippine government is investigating the suicide of a maid who died on Sunday after an incident at a shelter run by its embassy in Beirut for Filipino workers...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Lebanon, Middle East, News, Philippines
Plight of Filipino maids in Lebanon raises concerns over stranded workers
The fate of about 26 Filipino women housed in a crowded shelter under the care of the Philippine Embassy in Beirut has highlighted the plight of foreign workers in...
Pressure grows on Egypt to bring back 3,378 citizens stranded abroad
Egypt's Information Minister has said that there are 3,378 Egyptians stranded abroad, spread across Africa, Asia, Europe, the United States, Canada and Australia. Osama Heikal said that over the...
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, Egypt, Maldives, Middle East, News, Philippines, Qatar
Saudi Arabia extends coronavirus curfew, UAE warns on worker repatriation
Saudi Arabia indefinitely extended a curfew due to the coronavirus on Sunday amid a surge of new infections, and the United Arab Emirates warned of possible action against countries...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, India, Middle East, News, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE
Philippines envoy to Lebanon dies from coronavirus, as case toll mounts
Philippines Ambassador to Lebanon Bernardita Catalla died early this morning of coronavirus in Beirut, according to local media reports. Catalla, 62, was being treated in a hospital in Beirut...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, Lebanon, Middle East, News, Philippines
Philippines, India refuse to receive deportees from Kuwait
The Philippines and India have refused to receive 340 of their nationals who were convicted of violations and were instructed to be expelled from Kuwait. The two countries insist on obtaining...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, India, Kuwait, Middle East, News, Philippines
March 24, 2020 | Dr Ramzy Baroud
Technology of death: The not-so-shocking report on Israeli weapons exports
The Middle East region, battered by wars and adjoining humanitarian crises that have left millions of people stateless, hungry and diseased, is in urgent need for peace, security, and...
Published in: Amnesty International, Article, Asia & Americas, EU, India, International Organisations, Israel, Middle East, Opinion, Palestine, Philippines, US
Saudi Arabia temporarily suspends flights to several countries
Saudi Arabia suspended on Thursday the travel of citizens and residents outside the country temporarily to several states that have been witnessing the spread of the coronavirus. The Saudi...
Published in: Africa, Asia & Americas, Coronavirus, Djibouti, Europe & Russia, India, Kenya, Middle East, News, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Switzerland
Israel army hosts international conference on 'military doctrine'
The Israeli military hosted an international conference on "military doctrine" last week, with dozens of delegates from 30 armies attending, reported the Jerusalem Post. The event was organised by...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Europe & Russia, Finland, Germany, Israel, Italy, Middle East, Netherlands, News, Palestine, Philippines, UK, US
Philippines lifts ban on sending labour to Kuwait
The Philippines yesterday announced a "total lift" to a ban on sending local household workers to Kuwait. Philippine labour minister, Silvestre Bello III, told Kuwait's Al-Qabas that the ban...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Kuwait, Middle East, News, Philippines
Father of Filipina expat murdered in Kuwait by her employers rejects 'blood money'
The father of a Filipina domestic worker who was sexually abused and beaten to death by her employers in Kuwait has refused financial compensation for her death, local media...
Former Miss Iran stranded, pleads for asylum in the Philippines
Iranian beauty queen Bahareh Zare is seeking asylum in the Philippines claiming Iranian police have contrasted a fake case against her
Published in: Asia & Americas, Iran, Middle East, Philippines, Videos & Photo Stories
Iran coast guards seize ship with Filipino crew for smuggling oil
Iranian coast guards seized control of a foreign ship for allegedly smuggling Iranian oil, its media reported on Saturday. According to the Iranian Fars news agency, the coast guards...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Iran, Middle East, News, Philippines
Israel arrests Filipino couple, 2 Israeli-born daughters in deportation crackdown
The Population and Immigration Authority arrested a Filipino couple and their two Israeli-born daughters at the family's home on Sunday morning, reports Haaretz. The arrest is part of an...
Published in: Asia & Americas, Israel, Middle East, News, Philippines
Israel court rejects Filipina mother's appeal against deportation
An Israeli court has rejected an appeal by a Filipina mother-of-two against her and her children's deportation, giving the family 45 days to leave the country. Geraldine Esta, a...


Resort Overview-Rosewood Little Dix Bay sits on a crescent-shaped bay on the island of Virgin Gorda in the British Virgin Islands. Founded in 1964 by Laurance S. Rockefeller, the resort remains true to its founder's vision of natural harmony and earth in balance while offering an escape from the ordinary. Elegantly appointed accommodations blend unobtrusively into the surrounding landscape and are located steps from the beach. Guests can enjoy a wide array of activities such as diving, snorkeling, watersports and hiking. World-class amenities, including three distinctive dining venues, Sense, A Rosewood Spa, tennis, fitness facility and children's center, complete the experience. Climate-The B.V.I. climate is semi-tropical and one of the healthiest in the world. Average temperatures hover around 80 Fahrenheit and constant easterly breezes guarantee cool nights year-round. There is no clearly defined wet or dry season; weather conditions are splendid any month of the year. Resort History - A five-year, multi-million-dollar renovation was concluded in December 2006, signifying the rebirth of Rosewood Little Dix Bay as a legendary destination. The renovations brought a new cliff side spa, The Children's Grove, resort-wide refurbishments of the guest rooms, and addition of 16 new Rosewood Junior Suites as well as three hilltop villas,new restaurant designs and an innovative employee training program developed across the Rosewood collection. Beaches-Dubbed "wilderness beach by Laurance Rockefeller, the resort's pristine, half-mile crescent beach is considered one of the finest in the world and is located steps from the resort's accommodations. A coral reef just off the shoreline provides excellent snorkeling and protects the bay, ensuring calm water for swimming year-round. Among the most popular diversions offered at Rosewood Little Dix Bay are complimentary Beach Drops to any one of seven destinations around Virgin Gorda. Guests are transported by Boston Whaler boat to pristine beaches. Transfers cost $95 per adult. This covers roundtrip transfers to and from Tortola Airport (EIS). For children aged 5 - 11 years old, the transfer cost is $47.50. Please contat the hotel directly at 011-212-758-1735 to arrange. Amenities - Billiards, Children's facilities, Library, Lobby, Plunge pool, Reception, Complimentary Beach Drops, Non-Motorized Watersports, Early Morning Coffee, Afternoon Tea, Digital Camera/Video Recorder rental (on request), Manager's Cocktail Reception.
Be the first to write a review about Rosewood Little Dix Bay Villas Virgin Gorda!


"Burnout is a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress." It manifests itself in ways including anxiety, loss of motivation and confidence, and even degradation of physical health. Burnout can be prevalent in organizations that promote hero culture and where employees maintain a strong sense of duty or feel they have no alternatives in the employment market.
Determine if the causes are localized (self-inflicted). Determine if the causes are external (management, work environment, etc.) and if it can be changed. Find someplace new if the issues can't be fixed.
At the 2014 DevOpsDays Pittsburgh conference, Jennifer Davis gave a talk titled, "From Hero to Zero" (updated at DevOpsDays Boston 2014 ) which sparked additional exploration of burnout during an Open Space discussion.
The site was originally built with IT professionals in mind, but the concepts here can apply to many other fields as well.


text:
Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows
Kyung-Hoon Min, Chongyoup Kim
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
The migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free-surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free-surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences.
Die contraction
Diffusive flux model
Free jet
Particle migration
Slot coating
Dive into the research topics of 'Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
free surface flow Earth & Environmental Sciences 100%
Suspensions Medicine & Life Sciences 68%
Viscosity Medicine & Life Sciences 42%
Jet Chemical Compounds 41%
Newtonian fluid Earth & Environmental Sciences 40%
particle Earth & Environmental Sciences 38%
Min, K-H., & Kim, C. (2010). Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows. AIChE Journal, 56(10), 2539-2550. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.12145
Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows. / Min, Kyung-Hoon; Kim, Chongyoup.
In: AIChE Journal, Vol. 56, No. 10, 10.2010, p. 2539-2550.
Min, K-H & Kim, C 2010, 'Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows', AIChE Journal, vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 2539-2550. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.12145
Min K-H, Kim C. Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows. AIChE Journal. 2010 Oct;56(10):2539-2550. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.12145
Min, Kyung-Hoon ; Kim, Chongyoup. / Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows. In: AIChE Journal. 2010 ; Vol. 56, No. 10. pp. 2539-2550.
@article{6bfd5bbc02ba47b49bfccffb3aeb0276,
title = "Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows",
abstract = "The migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free-surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free-surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences.",
keywords = "Die contraction, Diffusive flux model, Free jet, Particle migration, Slot coating",
author = "Kyung-Hoon Min and Chongyoup Kim",
T1 - Simulation of particle migration in free-surface flows
AU - Min, Kyung-Hoon
AU - Kim, Chongyoup
N2 - The migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free-surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free-surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences.
AB - The migration of particles in free surface flows using the diffusive flux model was investigated. As the free-surface flows, a planar jet flow and a slot coating flow were chosen. The suspension was assumed to be a Newtonian fluid with a particle concentration dependent viscosity. The governing equations were solved numerically by the finite volume method, and the free-surface problem was handled by the volume of the fraction model. The result shows that even though the velocity profile is fully developed and becomes flat, the particle distribution never reaches the uniform distribution for both of the cases. It is also shown that the die swell of the free jet is reduced compared to the Newtonian fluid and when the particle loading is 0.5, die contraction is observed. The change in die swell characteristics is purely due to particle migration since the suspension model does not show normal stress differences.
KW - Die contraction
KW - Diffusive flux model
KW - Free jet
KW - Particle migration
KW - Slot coating


In an episode full of audio mishaps and social consequences arises Jonathan's favorite episode of anything, ever. We talk about past relationships, current predicaments, and our thoughts on the future. It's an episode so packed with stories and pseudo-wisdom it's amazing there was time to think of code names that don't even pan out right.


text:
Q: How can i code for get required details from DB using SQL code I am new for SQL, I need to get details from db like,

*

*id, sku, name, status

*sku,name,category

*sku, category

Mentioned above my example requirement. How can i code for get details from database?

A:
SELECT
      e.sku,
      IF(at_name.value_id > 0, at_name.value, at_name_default.value) AS name,
      IF(at_description.value_id > 0, at_description.value, at_description_default.value) AS description
FROM     catalog_product_entity AS e
      INNER JOIN
           catalog_product_entity_varchar AS at_name_default
                 ON (at_name_default.entity_id = e.entity_id) AND
                    (at_name_default.attribute_id = (SELECT attribute_id FROM eav_attribute ea LEFT JOIN eav_entity_type et ON
  ea.entity_type_id = et.entity_type_id  WHERE ea.attribute_code =
  'name' AND et.entity_type_code = 'catalog_product')) AND
                    at_name_default.store_id = 0
      LEFT JOIN
            catalog_product_entity_varchar AS at_name
                 ON (at_name.entity_id = e.entity_id) AND
                    (at_name.attribute_id = (SELECT attribute_id FROM eav_attribute ea LEFT JOIN eav_entity_type et ON
  ea.entity_type_id = et.entity_type_id  WHERE ea.attribute_code =
  'name' AND et.entity_type_code = 'catalog_product')) AND
                    (at_name.store_id = 1)
      INNER JOIN
           catalog_product_entity_text AS at_description_default
                 ON (at_description_default.entity_id = e.entity_id) AND
                    (at_description_default.attribute_id = (SELECT attribute_id FROM eav_attribute ea LEFT JOIN eav_entity_type et ON
  ea.entity_type_id = et.entity_type_id  WHERE ea.attribute_code =
  'description' AND et.entity_type_code = 'catalog_product')) AND
                    at_description_default.store_id = 0
      LEFT JOIN
            catalog_product_entity_text AS at_description
                 ON (at_description.entity_id = e.entity_id) AND
                    (at_description.attribute_id = (SELECT attribute_id FROM eav_attribute ea LEFT JOIN eav_entity_type et ON
  ea.entity_type_id = et.entity_type_id  WHERE ea.attribute_code =
  'description' AND et.entity_type_code = 'catalog_product')) AND
                    (at_description.store_id = 1)

A: Direct sql query for Magento
/**
 * Get the resource model
 */
$resource = Mage::getSingleton('core/resource');

/**
 * Retrieve the read connection
 */
$readConnection = $resource->getConnection('core_read');

$query = 'SELECT * FROM ' . $resource->getTableName('your-table-name');
//take a look at your config.xml that added your-table-name table for the correct name
/**
 * Execute the query and store the results in $results
 */
$results = $readConnection->fetchAll($query);

// display result

foreach($results as $row){
   echo $row['fieldName']
}

the categories names are in the table catalog_category_entity_varchar
select cat.*, cv.value as `category_name` from `catalog_category_entity` as cat
    join `catalog_category_entity_varchar` as cv on cat.entity_id = cv.`entity_id`
    join `eav_attribute` as att on att.`attribute_id` = cv.`attribute_id`
    join `eav_entity_type` as aty on att.`entity_type_id` = aty.`entity_type_id`
    where aty.`entity_model` = 'catalog/category' and att.`attribute_code` = 'name' and cv.`store_id` = 0

for default store i Used value 0 (store_id = 0). if you have multiple store check in core_store table

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Trademarks · 5 comments ·
Ironic? Trademark Bullying by Entrepreneur Magazine
Ok so this is something that gets me fired up. DID YOU KNOW that Entrepreneur Magazine Inc. (yes, that ONE) has trademarked the word "Entrepreneur" and is suing or bringing trademark claims against businesses that use it or try to trademark it?
And not only those with the word entrepreneur like...
❌ The Unstoppable Entrepreneur
❌ Rugged Entrepreneur
❌ The Happy Entrepreneur
❌ Blue Collar Entrepreneur
❌ The Wine Entrepreneur (my fav)
But also ANY with even the 'preneur
❌ Oddtrepreneur
❌ Brandpreneur
❌ Contrapreneur
❌ Kidtrepreneur
There are literally hundreds of small business owners and start-ups that have been stopped by Entrepreneur Mag (and their VERY BIG law firm). They are claiming trademark infringement and that ALL of these will be confused with their magazine - BOGUS. Now, A LOT of these people have just abandoned their trademarks because they didn't want to go to court and spend thousands (and thousands) trying to fight it, it's hard to say if some of these would have won in the end.
The irony of a magazine geared towards inspiring and helping small business owners grow taking these gigantic steps to keep them down at the same time is infuriating to me.
Now, over the past 10 years many have written (check out Seth Godin and others) about this and many question why/how the USPTO could even let someone trademark the word Entrepreneur and I think USPTO probably sees their mistake now. But alas, here we are.
So the moral of this story - do not use the word Entrepreneur or 'Preneur in your business name or programs (sorry to be the bearer of bad news) or if you do use it, do not even think about trademarking it! (Note - if you have a Facebook Group with the word 'preneur or Entrepreneur you are fine, don't panic because you can't trademark a Facebook Group anyway)
Another moral of this story as Business Insider Aimee Groth writes:
"Of course there's another way to look at this story. Entrepreneur promotes smart entrepreneurship, and there's nothing smarter than getting a trademark."
Sarah Kornblet Waldbuesser, Esq.
Attorney for Coaches & Online Business Owners
After several years at a law firm and a few career jumps, she ended up falling in love with online business and loves helping entrepreneurs achieve their dreams in a smart and protected way. She is also an adventurer, traveler, and food and wine lover. When not at her computer, she loves hanging with her family, having wine with friends, flying around the globe and connecting with other online business owners.
greg Jan 17, 2023
hi. how much do you charge for registering a trademark in u.s.a. for? thanks
Sarah Kornblet Waldbuesser ESQ. Apr 30, 2021
Chris, thank you for sharing your insight! I am sure many have been inspired by Entrepreneur Magazine to start their journey into entrepreneurship, so it is definitely an interesting situation.
Chris Apr 30, 2021
I found this article while researching a subpoena a friend received regarding their business coach who uses the name 'entrepreneur'. Absolutely, market confusion, brand dilution, etc. is a valid reason to protect your name. But when your name is synonymous with hope, possibility and a future of self-success, cultivated by the work you (Entreprenuer MEDIA) has inspired so many to take on, I think the word has transcended . I think a more global, inspired approach would be to gather entreprenuers, including the ones using the word 'entreprenuer' in their name AND LEVERAGE their success under the UMBRELLA OF THE MISSION that ENTREPRENEUR MEDIA first created.
From Wikipedia – "While the loan from French of the English-language word "entrepreneur" dates to 1762, the word "entrepreneurism" dates from 1902 and the term "entrepreneurship" also first appeared in 1902."
But to file suit and uproot the mission of someone, some entrepreneur, they inspired is shortsighted, callous and more legal than inspiring. No wonder Lebron thought he could trademark 'Taco Tuesday'.
Be Wise, Be Bold, BE AN ENTREPRENUER, but don't use the 'E'-word. . .
Chris in Long Beach
Sarah Kornblet Waldbuesser Esq. Jan 12, 2021
100% Elizabeth, while I don't necessarily agree that that Entrepreneur Magazine should have ever been able to trademark "Entrepreneur" it shows the importance of registering a trademark and owning your name brand.
Elizabeth Jan 11, 2021
You said it. They have a Trademark.


Title : Teaching ethics of prevention while defining fields of activities in GP/FM, a success of WICC.
Abstract : [en] Teaching ethics of prevention while defining fields of activities in GP/FM, a success of WICC.
When presented in Durham during the 1995 WICC workshop, the concept of quaternary prevention, born in 1986, has attracted the consensus of the whole audience. In 2003 it has been discretely published in the Wonca dictionary of general practice.
Since this time, medicine has changed. The diffusion of knowledge and the sagacity of some researchers has shown that medicine could become dangerous for health. The concepts of overinformation, overdiagnosis, overtreatment and overscreening are now the bread and butter of numerous medical journals and the themes of numerous books and disputes throughout the world.
Quaternary prevention encompasses all those domains and supersedes them by putting the relationships between patient and doctor at the center of the ethical reflection.
WICC has been instrumental in the genesis and dissemination of the concept of quaternary prevention. This concept is now known and distributed worldwide under the acronym P4. Family physicians form interlinked P4 groups in various countries. It is the theme of many congresses and was propelled to the forefront of the recent Wonca Europe Congress. This concept could induce profound changes in the role of the family physician in health care. Moreover, the combination of the four definitions of prevention provided an amazing view of the activity of family physicians and could renew basic job description in GP / FM.


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2K21 MyTEAM Lineups
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The Minnesota Wild waived veteran blueliners Justin Falk and Jonathon Blum on Monday for the purpose of sending them to AHL Iowa.
Falk, 25, has appeared in in 129 NHL contests, the majority of them with the Wild. He spent last season with the New York Rangers — where he played 21 games, but spent most of his time in Alain Vigneault's doghouse — before re-joining Minnesota this summer on a one-year, two-way deal worth $700,000 at the NHL level.
Blum, also 25, is a former Nashville first-round pick that spent last season with the Wild. A veteran of over 100 NHL contests, Blum appeared in 15 games for the Wild last year and was a good offensive blueliner in Iowa, racking up 29 points in 54 games.
This summer, Blum re-upped with the Wild on a one-year deal worth $675,000.
If you've paid attention to the Minnesota Wild at all the past couple of seasons, chances are you've already heard about defenseman Mathew Dumba.
Dumba was the Wild's first-round pick in 2012, seventh overall, out of Red Deer and was selected in hopes of becoming an eventual stud on a Minnesota blue line that desperately needed one. Now two years later, the Wild have Ryan Suter and Jonas Brodin leading the way, and Dumba has gotten a taste of what the NHL is like after playing 13 games last season before being sent back to juniors.
Now that he's grown up, his time in junior hockey is at an end. In 26 games with the Portland Winterhawks last season, he had 24 points. He added another 18 points in 21 playoff games and showed that not only was his defensive game strong, but his ability to generate offense was as well.
That kind of development is what the Wild are hoping will turn him into a regular on the Minnesota blue line right away. Outside of Suter and Brodin, the rest of the defense leaves the door open for Dumba to jump in.
Jared Spurgeon, Marco Scandella, and Keith Ballard make up what will likely be part of the next three spots. That leaves Dumba, Jonathon Blum, Stu Bickel and rookie Christian Folin to compete for the other starting spot, as well as the reserves.
As it is, Ballard and Blum bounced in and out of the lineup last season with Blum going between the AHL and NHL regularly. Bickel spent all of last season in the AHL and Folin is fresh out of UMass-Lowell in Hockey East.
If nothing else, the opportunity is there for Dumba to seize the day and make the team right out of training camp. At 20 years old, it may be daunting for the Wild to add another young guy to the blue line, but if his skills are up to it and his development won't suffer – it may be his time to shine.
The Minnesota Wild signed two former first-round draft picks on Friday, each to two-way contracts. Defenseman Jonathon Blum's two-way deal is for one year while forward Jordan Schroeder's goes for two seasons, according to the Pioneer Press' Chad Graff.
Schroeder (pictured) was selected 22nd overall in the 2009 NHL Draft by the Vancouver Canucks. Schroeder, 23, has appeared in 56 NHL games, including scoring six points in 25 games last season (all with the Canucks).
Blum, 25, was the 23rd pick of the 2007 draft by the Nashville Predators. He has been cycling between the AHL and NHL the past two seasons, including this past campaign in the Minnesota Wild organization. He scored one assist in 15 games with Minnesota and managed 29 points in 54 games with the Iowa Wild.
That's the story for Keith Ballard following his fourth consecutive healthy scratch on Tuesday, as he watched from the press box while Minnesota lost 3-0 to Ottawa.
Ballard experienced something similar during his three seasons in Vancouver, when he routinely ran afoul of head coach Alain Vigneault and often found himself in the press box. The low point might've come during the 2011 Stanley Cup Final, when Ballard was parked in favor of then-22-year-old Chris Tanev, an undrafted rookie that had 29 games of NHL experience.
Vancouver bought out Ballard during this summer's compliance window and he immediately signed with Minnesota, which looked as though it'd be a quality arrangement. Despite a series of injuries, Ballard played well when called upon — but a brutal stretch in December (one point in 14 games, minus-10 rating) cemented his fate. He hasn't played since Jan. 7 and appears to have been passed on the blueline depth chart by Jonathon Blum.
Edmonton has placed Linus Omark on waivers for the purpose of sending him to AHL Oklahoma City, the club announced.
Omark, 26, has a colorful history with the Oilers. After appearing in 65 games with the club from 2010-12, he left the team after being dispatched to the AHL (and not receiving a RFA offer), signing in the Swiss League with EV Zug.
It was in Switzerland where Omark revitalized his career, leading the National League A with 69 points in 48 games.
In August, the Oilers — who'd retained Omark's NHL rights — inked him to a one-year, two-way deal worth $600,000 at the NHL level and $100,000 in the AHL.
Gifted offensively, Omark could draw interest from a team looking to add punch up front without spending a lot of money.
The Minnesota Wild have placed defenseman Jonathon Blum on waivers for the purpose of sending him to AHL Iowa.
Blum, 24, has fallen on tough times since being taken 23rd overall by Nashville at the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. Though he did have a decent 2013 campaign with the Preds — 35 games played, seven points, minus-1 rating — the team opted not to re-sign him this summer.
He proceeded to ink a one-year, two-way deal with Minnesota in July, partly because of the potential to crack Minnesota's seemingly crackable defense.
That plan didn't come to fruition. Blum was sent packing with Minnesota still carrying nine defensemen in camp.


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Congrats to Jacqueline MacInnes Wood!
The Bold and the Beautiful star is expecting her first child -- and only ET was there as she broke the news to her castmates.
MacInnes Wood announced her engagement to Elan Ruspoli in November 2017, and they decided to elope in July. Now, she's five and a half months pregnant, but her co-stars had no idea until she decided to share the news during a recent day on set.
A scene called for the actress to walk down the catwalk in skimpy lingerie, which MacInnes Wood thought would be the most bold -- and beautiful -- way to announce her pregnancy. "I just wanna let you all know: your girl is pregnant!" she yelled. "I am pregnant!"
The announcement came as a big shock to Courtney Hope. "I'm so surprised. I had no idea. And it's super weird because I work with her all the time," she confessed. However, Bold and the Beautiful executive producer and head writer Brad Bell was given a head's up.
"She told me about a month ago, and she told me in person [and] came up to my office," he told ET. "I'm thrilled. I'm a father of four kids myself, and she's just fallen in love with her husband and now she's falling in love again with a child. It's just a wonderful, wonderful thing."
MacInnes Wood couldn't be more excited to be a mom. "I am still shaking, my hands are shaking, my body is shaking, but it's such a surreal, beautiful moment and I am happy to do it with people that I love," she shared.
The actress doesn't yet know if she's having a boy or a girl, but either way, she's excited to get some parenting advice from others on set. "I'll probably go to Katherine Kelly Lang, John McCook... there is a lot of people here that I know are going to give me really good advice," she said. "There are people that I can lean on."
The pregnancy won't be written into the show, as MacInnes Wood's character, Steffy, recently had a baby. "[You're going to see] Steffy holding things, Steffy behind desks," she joked of how the soap opera will handle the obstacle. "Whatever work wants to throw at me, I am game."
"[I'm excited about] how much love I am going to give," she gushed. "I feel like I am a happy, positive person, and its the most beautiful, yet scary new chapter because of the amount of love that I am going to give this child."


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For African Diplomacy, The Ukraine War Opens A Whole New Era
Facing geopolitical devastation caused by the war in Ukraine, the African continent cannot be subordinate and obliged to choose one power over another. It must bring about an African foreign policy for a new multipolar world.
Nigerian Special Force commandos during training
Sgt. Kacie Benak/U.S. Army/Planet Pix/ZUMA
GeopoliticsJEUNE AFRIQUESourcesIdeasafricafeatured-postCountries
Amadou Sadjo Barry*
Those still in doubt just have to listen again to Vladimir Putin's war-mongering speech on the eve of the invasion. The Russian president clearly calls for a reconfiguration of the post-Cold War international order, which would reduce the West's grip on the world. The first country targeted by this repositioning strategy is the U.S., whose military presence Moscow intends to challenge in Europe, mainly in the East.
Stay up-to-date with the latest on the Russia-Ukraine war, with our exclusive international coverage.
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After more than a month of conflict, the question is no longer whether the Russian armed forces will withdraw from Ukraine, but if Putin could take advantage of this new demonstration of force to impose new rules on Americans and their allies, in the new world in which Russia will be a center of politico-military domination in its own right.
With a president who can stay in power until 2036, Moscow will constitute, for NATO, the major geo-strategic challenge of the coming years.
A new Cold War
Even though the match is far from being won for the master of the Kremlin, his military intervention will make Ukraine's membership to the EU and NATO even more difficult. The outcome of the conflict will determine the type of political and military relations that Kyiv has with the Western powers.
While Putin might not receive formal guarantees that Ukraine will remain a neutral zone, the sole argument of state sovereignty — taking into account the rivalry and distrust between the big powers — also might not be enough to protect Ukrainian territory from Moscow's annexation ambitions.
The principles of international rights will never drive Putin to loosen his grip on Ukraine.
Everything suggests that this Russian-Ukraine war will soon fall into the unenviable category of a "Cold War." Because let us not fool ourselves: The principles of international rights and peace accords will never drive Putin to loosen his grip on Ukraine.
Therefore, it is time for Westerners to take the full measure of the projects on which the Kremlin's foreign politics are based and its leader's determination to carry them out. This ambition for power is not exclusive to Russia. But, in this case, it is coupled with a desire to impose a political counter-model based on a rereading of history.
Many African states chose to abstain during the vote on the UN resolution condemning Russia's invasion
Lev Radin/Pacific Press/ZUMA
A continental strategy of diplomacy
In view of the power balance which takes shape between the West and Russia, Africa will have to adapt its strategy. Already, diplomatically, it seems to adopt a position of balance, even of non-alignment, which confirms its tendency towards neutrality.
This is what is shown by the massive abstention of African states during the vote on the UN resolution condemning the Russian intervention in Ukraine. By choosing not to choose, African countries, far from supporting the war, intend to preserve a depolarized foreign policy, interacting on multiple poles of power, whether they are Western, Russian or even Chinese.
This attitude can be explained by the continent's extreme dependence on the surrounding environment, the fragility of bilateral relations — like those of Mali and of France — and the instability of the international system. But the current turmoil of our world, which is partly reflected in the war in Ukraine, calls for a profound rethinking of African diplomacy.
In fact, both politically and in the economic and military domains, Africa occupies a vulnerable position — the hegemonic struggles between the big powers are expressed there with more violence than elsewhere. And the debates in certain African countries show in reality a rivalry between Paris and Moscow, which will not be without consequence on the political future of African societies.
Power in a multipolar world
Due to geographical proximity, Europe cannot remain indifferent to the extension of Russian influence in Africa through the activities of a paramilitary society at the Kremlin's service. The mistake, for the African governments, would consist of maintaining a logic of subordination obliging them to choose one power over another.
A real policy of sovereignty in terms of security and defense must be developed. And this passes through a reevaluation of existing tools at the levels of the African Union (African Peace and Security Architecture) and of Regional Economic Communities.
Outsourcing its security to foreign powers would be a strategic mistake
This will include, among other measures, tackling the political, economic and institutional obstacles that render Africa's common policy of defense and security non-operational. In a world increasingly under turmoil, outsourcing its security to foreign powers would be a strategic mistake. Military cooperation must not take the form of geostrategic dependence.
The quest for sovereignty in this matter should be a part of a more global strategy relating to the idea of a foreign policy for the continent. A technical and specialized Commission should be put in place at the heart of the African Union to identify the susceptible levers and render them operational, in the long term, to bring about Africa as a power in a multipolar world.
*Amadou Sadjo Barry is a philosopher, researcher and professor at the Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel at Sainte-Hyacinthe in Quebec
**This article was translated with permission from its author.
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