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Follow Up On Missing Nalani Johnson, Authorities Continue Searching September 3, 2019
Blackman was removed off airline for a dog September 3, 2019
Kevin Hart Suffers 'Major Back Injuries' After Car Crash September 3, 2019
Hearing scheduled for stepmother convicted of starving her kid to death August 23, 2019
Family Wants Answers After 12-Year-Old Shot While Sleeping August 18, 2019
Little man says he need a new B*tch 2 his own mother and the mother is the B*tch he was talking abou August 17, 2019
Couple arrested after investigators find drugs, gun in raid August 3, 2019
cop put a smack down on blackman for speeding August 3, 2019
Is This Justice For Eric Garner August 2, 2019
Woman pissed on a sack oinf potato's in Walmart August 1, 2019
Terrible: Anti-Violence Mothers Gunned Down In Chicago During Anti-Crime Street Vigil! July 31, 2019
Jealous uncle, 44, 'follows home and shoots dead his 21-year-old niece after having secret affair with her behind wife's back' July 31, 2019
Al Shapton Puts Trump On Blast about Baltimore's Mr Cumming July 31, 2019
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WHITE MAN RAPES KILLS HIS OWN TEENAGE DAUGHTER IN NORTH CAROLINA HOME
Dalia Dippolito's conviction upheld; She won't get out until 2032 3/14/2019
8 people was indicted out of an apartment buildind 4/28/2019
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Alan Canfora, Who Carried Wounds From Kent State, Dies at 71 January 17, 2021
He devoted his life to pursuing the truth about the tragic events of May 4, 1970, and to keeping them in the public eye.
Katharine Q. Seelye
My Grandfather Was a Good Cop. Or Was He? January 15, 2021
I idolized him and his larger-than-life role in law enforcement. It's more complicated now.
Parents Sue Louisiana Sheriff and Deputies Over Autistic Son's Death January 15, 2021
According to the lawsuit, Eric Parsa, a 16-year-old with severe autism, died after deputies sat on him — one after another — for a total of nine minutes while trying to restrain him.
Allyson Waller
New York Attorney General Sues N.Y.P.D. Over Handling of Protests January 15, 2021
Letitia James, the New York State attorney general, sued the New York City Police Department and Mayor Bill de Blasio for a "pattern of using excessive force," against peaceful protesters.
N.Y. Attorney General Sues N.Y.P.D. Over Protest Policing January 15, 2021
Letitia James says the police have used illegal and harmful tactics for years, and wants a federal monitor to oversee the department's tactics at future demonstrations.
Ashley Southall
Capitol Police Faces Public Scrutiny After Riot January 20, 2021
The department's performance during the rampage at the Capitol has cast a harsh light on an agency that has been unused to public scrutiny.
Shaila Dewan, Ali Watkins and John Eligon
No Charges for Second Officer Involved in Shooting of Oscar Grant, D.A. Says January 12, 2021
Months after the Bay Area authorities reopened an investigation into the 2009 shooting, the Alameda County district attorney said a former transit officer, Anthony Pirone, would not face charges.
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Memphis Police Officer Is Charged With Kidnapping and Murder January 11, 2021
Patric Ferguson, who had been with the department for over two years, kidnapped a man in the back of a squad car and shot him, the authorities said.
Officers Who Handcuffed Black Family Won't Be Charged, Prosecutors Say January 9, 2021
The encounter with the Aurora, Colo., police in August was recorded on a widely shared video that showed four children lying on the ground in a parking lot, crying and screaming as several officers stood over them.
Michael Levenson
¿Quién era Ashli Babbitt? La mujer asesinada en el Capitolio era seguidora de QAnon y Trump January 8, 2021
Después de pasar 14 años en el ejército, Ashli Babbitt compró una empresa de suministro de piscinas y se involucró en la política de extrema derecha.
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Tag: kid
Body of missing two-year-old Minnesota girl is found in a highway ditch five days after 'her mother was murdered by the child's father' 3/16/2019
Milwaukee police believe they have discover the body of a missing fwo year old girl whose mother was this weekend
On Saturday the body of a child Noelani Robinson was found in a highway ditch in southeastern Minnesota after Police got a tip Friday night.Milwaukee Police Chief Alfonso Morales told the press Saturday morning saying authorities have ID the body as Noelani,pending formal identification and preliminary results.
Noelani went missing after her mother was found murdered in her home
The child's mother Sierra Robinson , 24, was fataly shot and Noelani's father Dariaz Higgins, accused of the mothers murder
Higgins was arrested on Wednesday and charged with first degree intentional homicide, use of a dangerous weapon and first degree recklessly endangering safety, use of a dangerous weapon.
He was not with his daughter when he got arrested and the police ask about his daughter and where she was the story he gave them was not true.
So the police decided to launch a nation wide search for the young girl.an Amber alert was given.
The Police issued a 5,000 dolar for the location of the young girl
Her body was found after an off-duty Department of Public Works employee called in the tip Friday evening saying they saw something on the side of the road on Highway 218, near Austin, Minnesota.
Believe or not another that did not a man that have anything to do with the case called tips and alerted them that there was something on the side of the road.
'He called this tip into the local police department. Off of Highway 218 15 miles north of Austin, Minnesota (which is southwest of Rochester) and just off the shoulder was a blanket. Inside that blanket and wrapped in there was the body of a child we believe is that of Noelani,' he added.
Posted on March 16, 2019 March 16, 2019 Categories Missing And Now FoundTags kid, minnesota, missing dead1 Comment on Body of missing two-year-old Minnesota girl is found in a highway ditch five days after 'her mother was murdered by the child's father' 3/16/2019
Mean while in Baltimore A Woman Came Up ON A Kid And Started A Conversation And The Woman Open Fire On The 11 Year Old 3/16/2019
A Baltimore woman just walked up to a kid on Cherry Hill playground Late Thursday afternoon, Start talking to a young boy she did not know, Then opened fire on the boy and his mother, Police said,
Nichole George ,31, of seagull ave ,is charged with several counts of attempted first – degree murder, first and second degree assault and Hand gun Violations,according to police.
"Geaorge started talking with the 11 year old boy and not to long after they started to talk she allegedly pulled out a gun and shot both the 11 year old and the mother. The commissioner says detective are still working on the why part of this story.
When she pulled out the gun and shot the mother and her kid there where dozens of other kids in the park
George is being held at Baltimore central booking. The charge were not listed in court friday morning.
Friday there was a community meeting at the park people got together to mourn this incident . As wellsorganizations like the anti-violence program for safe streets
Gathered next to the play ground to pray for the boy and his mother.
Police said the attack took place just before 6 pm near round road and seagull avenue . The boy was shot in his hand and head. His mother , 34, was shot in the upper body. Both were takedn to the hospital for treament.
This crazy girl return to the scene and was arrested on sight;The young boy was listed as critical but stable condition friday mourning.
The icident is just the latest incident of Baltimore children becoming victims of gun violence.In November another kid was seriously injured by gun violences 5 year old Amy Hayes this young woman was just walking to the store . Amy Hayes has a relative who was also shot Taylor Hayes a 7 year old girl who was fatally shot in july while riding in the back seat of a car in southweat Baltimore
Amy Hayes
Major Monique Brown, commander of the Southern District, who responded to the shooting and attended Friday's vigil, said violence against children is especially difficult. As a mother and grandmother, she said it's hard not to internalize the incident.
"You go home , you can't sleep. I think " i could have done more?"
The community came up and stepped up and helped the police make a arrest in the case. I say "SAY NO TO NO SNITCHING"
HEARTBREAKING: 5-year-old Amy Hayes was injured after being caught in the crossfire of a shooting in Baltimore. She is the sister of 7-year-old Taylor Hayes, who was tragically shot and killed in July.
THIS is the toll of daily gun violence in America. https://t.co/zGzDivIYdz
— Moms Demand Action (@MomsDemand) November 21, 2018
Moms Demand action volunteer sends 5-year-old gun violence survivor, Amy Hayes, Christmas gifts to "give her hope." "I wanted her to see that she's important, and I hope this isn't her story. She has such value and worth and a future." https://t.co/t5kluvwMDs
Posted on March 16, 2019 March 16, 2019 Categories Baltimore Crime, crimeTags baltomore, kid, PARK, shooting1 Comment on Mean while in Baltimore A Woman Came Up ON A Kid And Started A Conversation And The Woman Open Fire On The 11 Year Old 3/16/2019
Reward increased to $15,000 for info on 2016 murder of teenager burned to death 2/19/2019
Nearly two and a half years after 15-year-old Demetrius Griffin was burned to death on the West Side, his family has announced the reward for information about his killer has increased to $15,000.
Griffin, a freshman at Steinmetz High School, was found inside a burning trash can in the Austin neighborhood on Sept. 17, 2016. Officers discovered his body when they responded to a call of a refuse fire in the 5500 block of West Cortez Street.
The teenager's death was ruled a homicide and an autopsy later determined he had been burned alive. His case has remain unsolved.
New contributions from community and faith leaders increased the reward from $10,000, Griffin's aunt Rochelle Sykes said Monday.
Sykes said her family continues to be "heartbroken" by her nephew's death.
Griffin's image — along with those of four other child victims of Chicago violence — is included in a stained glass window at the West Side New Mount Pilgrim Missionary Baptist Church, 4301 W. Washington Blvd. The window, Sykes said, will be officially unveiled Sunday.
Sykes said it's important that people don't hear about these cases and forget. For low-income families from poor neighborhoods, Sykes said, homicides are all too often "swept up under the rug."
"That's not right," Sykes said. "No child deserves what he got. My family has no closure … and this city is doing nothing."
Posted on February 19, 2019 February 19, 2019 Categories Chicago CrimeTags chicago, death, kid
Florida student faces charges after refusing to stand for Pledge of Allegiance 2/19/2019
An 11-year-old student in Florida is facing charges after refusing to stand for the Pledge of Allegiance and creating a disturbance in the classroom, police said.
The boy was arrested for causing a disruption and refusing repeated instructions from school staff and law enforcement, Polk County Public Schools spokesperson Kyle Kennedy said in a statement. He was not arrested for refusing to participate in the pledge – even though students have the right to do so by Florida law and district policy.
The sixth-grader from a Tampa suburb allegedly told his substitute teacher the flag is "racist" and the national anthem is offensive to black people, Bay News 9 reported, citing a statement the teacher gave the district.
In response, the teacher said she asked the student why not go to another place to live if it was "so bad here." She said he answered, "They brought me here."
The substitute, identified by district officials as Ana Alvarez, said, "Well, you can always go back because I came here from Cuba and the day I feel I'm not welcome here anymore, I would find another place to live."
Alvarez said she called the office on Feb. 4 because she did not want to keep "dealing with him," according to her statement. An officer and a school administrator tried to calm the student, the Lakeland Police Department said in a Sunday night press release. The administrator asked him to leave the classroom more than 20 times, police said, and the student allegedly made threats while being escorted to the office.
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Police transported the Lawton Chiles Middle Academy student to the Juvenile Assessment Center and charged him with disrupting a school function and resisting an officer without violence, the Lakeland Police Department said.
Officers would not arrest a student for not standing during the Pledge of Allegiance, public information officer Gary Gross told USA TODAY on Sunday, but, in general, would arrest a student for screaming, yelling and making threats.
Dhakira Talbot, the boy's mother, told Bay News 9 that she wants the charges dropped. She denied the arrest affidavit accusing her son of threatening to beat the teacher, the station reported.
"She was wrong. She was way out of place," Talbot told Bay News 9. "If she felt like there was an issue with my son not standing for the flag, she should've resolved that in a way different manner than she did."
Alvarez no longer works as a substitute in the district, Kennedy said, adding that the teacher did not know students weren't required to participate in the pledge. The district will also review training for substitutes, Kennedy said.
First Amendment rights prevent schools from requiring students to recite the pledge or salute the flag, the Supreme Court ruled in 1943.
Posted on February 19, 2019 February 19, 2019 Categories politicsTags flag, kid, not standing
Caring parents' one mistake cost the life of an autistic Bronx tot — 'Hold on to your children,' says grieving mom 2/18/2019
Four-year-old Helena Flores was autistic, so her caring parents made sure to child-proof their home.
The one thing they overlooked — an open window high enough that it seemed out of reach — was deadly to the Bronx toddler.
Just before 5 p.m. Saturday, Helena climbed up to the window, which was cracked open two inches so her bedroom wouldn't get too hot.
Somehow, Helena opened it further — and fell from her fourth-floor apartment to the pavement below.
On Sunday, Helena's parents had planned a Peppa Pig-themed birthday party in the family's home on E. 140th St. near Cypress Ave. in Mott Haven. Their daughter turned four years old last Tuesday.
Instead, they spent the day grieving.
"She was loved and was safe. My whole home is childproofed because Helena's autistic," said Hilda Flores, the girl's mother. "We just overlooked one small detail."
Helena Flores (Obtained by New York Daily News)
Flores said the tiny kids' bedroom contains two radiators — so she often left the window open to keep the space from getting too hot.
Flores said she was asleep when her daughter fell, and that her sister and niece were on babysitting duty.
"I am currently experiencing back pain, I am currently on muscle relaxers trying to deal with the pain," said Flores. "I went to take a nap and I woke up when my sister ran in the room and asked if Helena was with me."
Flores said she and her sister frantically searched the tiny apartment and quickly discovered the bedroom window was wide open and Helena's body was sprawled below.
"We was told she had died on impact," said Flores. "Although no amount of words could console my family and I, knowing she didn't suffer gives an inch of peace."
Flores said the family cut a cake on Helena's birthday Tuesday. She was proud that Helena blew out her candles unassisted.
"When you have an autistic child, things like that are big," she said.
Building located at 685E 140th Street in the Bronx. 4-year-old Helena Flores died after she toppled out of a fourth-floor window into a parking lot behind the building, police said. (Luiz C. Ribeiro for New York Daily News)
Flores said her husband went to Home Depot on Sunday afternoon to get childproofing equipment for the window from which Helena fell.
"We were one of those parents that would say, 'No, not me. Not my kid,'" said Flores. "We were extra careful in our household. One mistake changed all of this in a split second."
The family was waiting to hear from the hospital to begin arranging Helena's funeral .
"Helena was very smart, very bright," Flores said. "She had high functioning autism, but she was a bright, bright little girl. She was very athletic, very into gymnastics. She was always climbing and jumping."
Helena had one sister and three brothers, Flores said.
"It was truly a small mistake that caused a tragedy, a mistake that anyone could have overlooked," said Flores. "Hold onto your children because accidents like this can happen to anyone at any moment."
Posted on February 18, 2019 February 18, 2019 Categories THE BLACK COMMUNITYTags bronx, dies, kid
5-Year Old Boy Left on School Bus For 7 Hours — and the Driver Apparently Knew!
Pike Creek, DE — Ibn Polk, a 5-year old boy from Delaware, was very scared when he was left alone inside a school bus for about 7 hours. The school bus driver, who allegedly knew that the child was still on board, has been fired from her job for neglect.
Ibn reportedly fell asleep during the bus ride to Linden Hill Elementary in Pike Creek, Delaware. Officials believe that the driver didn't do her usual sweep after dropping off the students to school. Security footage at the time of the incident also appeared to show that other students informed the driver that Polk was still inside but she ignored it.
"When she didn't do that, that made it seem like she didn't really care," his father Abdul Polk told ABC News.
Polk's parents weren't immediately called when he was marked absent. They were only notified after the daily automatic call goes out to parents with absent children.
"I didn't really know what was going on because I know I dropped my baby off at the bus stop and he was on the bus," his mother Ivana Dennis said.
Polk was found 7 hours later when the driver went back for her afternoon rounds to get the student and she heard him cough.
Polk seemed to be traumatized after being left behind on his school bus on a freezing cold temperature. He didn't eat for the whole time because there was a rule that students can't eat on the bus. He was also found soaking wet as he urinated on himself.
Meanwhile, the driver, who had a 20-year experience, was fired from the Sutton Bus Company
Posted on January 29, 2019 Categories family in the hoodTags bus, kid


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Fury as student extradition cleared
A student accused of infringing copyright laws is being "sold down the river" by the Government, his mother said as the Home Secretary approved his extradition.
Sheffield Hallam University undergraduate Richard O'Dwyer, 23, allegedly earned thousands of pounds through advertising on the TVShack website before it was closed down by authorities in the United States.
Just hours before Prime Minister David Cameron arrives in the US for talks with President Barack Obama, his mother Julia warned the US was coming for the young, the old and the ill, "and our Government is paving the way".
Mrs O'Dwyer, of Chesterfield, was told Home Secretary Theresa May had signed the order authorising her son's extradition two months after a district judge said the allegations justified a trial in the US.
It follows a series of high-profile extradition cases, the latest of which saw retired British businessman Christopher Tappin, 65, of Orpington, Kent, extradited to the US last month to spend 23 hours a day alone in his cell awaiting trial over arms dealing charges.
And it comes 10 years after the US first asked for Asperger's sufferer Gary McKinnon to be extradited over charges he hacked in to military computers in 2002. McKinnon, who says he was looking for evidence of UFOs, is still awaiting the Home Secretary's decision.
Mrs O'Dwyer said: "Today, yet another British citizen is being sold down the river by the British Government. Richard's life - his studies, work opportunities, financial security - is being disrupted, for who knows how long, because the UK Government has not introduced the much needed changes to the extradition law."
She said the so-called Natwest Three "were right when they said if it could happen to them, it could happen to anyone".
Bankers Gary Mulgrew, Giles Darby and David Bermingham fought and lost a four-year battle against extradition to the US over allegations of conspiring with former Enron executives to dupe the bank out of 20 million US dollars (£12.7 million). The men later admitted one charge of wire fraud and were sentenced to 37 months in jail.
Mrs O'Dwyer went on: "The US is coming for the young (Richard), the old (Chris Tappin) and the ill (Gary McKinnon) and our Government is paving the way. By rights, it should make for an interesting conversation between the Obamas and Camerons aboard Air Force One - but I'm not holding my breath."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Omicron Arrival Reveals Leaders Unprepared for the Future of Work
The lack of action against the threat of an Omicron surge points towards a lack of vision in leadership. Leaders must fight against cognitive biases and adopt best practices to avoid disasters in the future of work.
Leaders need to reevaluate their old methods of conducting performance reviews. Remote team management calls for the adoption of innovative best practices to be able to gain maximum productivity from remote and hybrid working employees.
Upskilling Remote and Hybrid Employees
Leaders must recognize that the future of work is now hybrid and even fully remote. To gain a competitive advantage in the future of work, leaders need to upskill employees in best practices for hybrid and remote collaboration and communication.
Interview with Chet Czaplicka, CEO of Comprehensive Care Services (Video & Podcast)
Gleb Tsipursky - November 16, 2021
An interview with Chet Czaplicka, Founder and CEO of Comprehensive Care Services, which provides perfusion and autotransfusion services across the United States.
Interview with Chris Haimbach, US Head of Sales for Bayer Consumer Health (Video &...
An interview with Chris Haimbach, the US Head of Sales, Commercial Strategy and Operations for the Consumer Health division at Bayer.
Effective Virtual Collaboration for Hybrid and Remote Teams (Video & Podcast)
It's important to adapt your organization's culture for virtual collaboration in order to thrive after the pandemic. That's the key take-away message of this episode of the Wise Decision Maker Show, which describes best practices for effective virtual collaboration for hybrid and remote teams.
Serendipitous Innovation Advantage for Hybrid and Remote Teams
Gleb Tsipursky - November 1, 2021
Clearly, work will never go back to a pre-pandemic normal. Leaders who don't seize an innovative advantage risk lagging behind. Methodologies like Virtual Serendipitous Idea Generation grant a much-needed competitive advantage.
Effective Virtual Collaboration for a Thriving Culture in Hybrid and Remote Teams
Gleb Tsipursky - October 26, 2021
Any organization can benefit from hybrid teams and cultural re-onboarding for virtual collaboration. Many old practices are no longer effective, requiring new ways to address the needs of employers and employees during and after the pandemic.
Virtual Brainstorming for an Innovation Advantage for Hybrid and Remote Teams in the Future...
To seize a competitive advantage, you need to adopt virtual brainstorming for hybrid and remote teams. That's the key take-away message of this episode of the Wise Decision Maker Show, which shares best practices for virtual brainstorming for innovation advantage.
Creating Competitive Advantage in Returning to the Office (Video and Podcast)
For creating competitive advantage in the new normal, forward-looking leaders need to let go of their preferences for in-office work. They need to adopt a hybrid-first model for most staff, and support full-time remote work for a minority. That's the key take-away message of this episode of the Wise Decision Maker Show, which describes how to create competitive advantage in returning to the office.


It seems Shatta Wale's apology to Samini and Stonebwoy is not that convincing to them.
Days ago, the self-acclaimed dancehall king, posted on his facebook an apology to everyone he has wronged; those in the industry.
"Letter To the Industry…Share It..I was making a point maybe my approach was Bad but that point i was trying to make still holds…?#?NOTIME? ?#?KWIKIT? ?#?BHSM?
Many are those who thought this step by Shatta Wale will enhance the current beef he has with most industry players including bloggers, colleague musicians, event organizing company, and the media as a whole.
For Samini and Stonebwoy, Shatta Wale's apology is a fallacy to them.
Stonebwoy's road manager, Blakk Cedi posted this on his timeline minutes after Shatta Wale apologized publicly..
"U cant outsmart the BhimNation. Your buttocks will pepper you.#RipMama #GoHigher #GoHigherTour #8thAugust #MandelaPark #Ashaiman #BhimNation" Stonebwoy is kicking off his Go Higher tour this coming Saturday in Ashaiman's Mandela Park.
But it seems Stonebwoy's camp isnt the only camp trashing Shatta Wale's apology.
#mymother said to me "don't mind dem, keep calm and watch dem fall like rain. They will surely drain for the sun to shine again.
#BreakingNews ..Careful of the dem. They will implicate and stigmatize U wiv Fabrications N lies in their own interest.
Shatta Wale's apology comes at a time where he welcomes his first son by name, Majesty.


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- Aman Suria, SunwayMas and Merchant Square.
- Food and daily conveniences are within a short walk or drive away, including 7-Eleven, pharmacies, kopitiam (coffee shops), mamak.
- 5 minutes drive to 1 Utama, Tropicana City Mall, Giant at Kelana Mall, Paradigm Mall.


Не зря данная проститутка пользуется такой популярностью среди ребят она умеют в постели буквально. Benny moved to the big wooden door of the chapel and locked it. Какая же я шлюха. In Washington, D. "Don't worry, I'll clean it up. Benny laughed as he through Jake's body into the river.
Angelica. Age: 20. My name is eva, a romanian girl that will satisfy all your needs and that will make all your fantasies come true. I can accompany you on business trips or vacations, both in romania, bucharest and abroad (in europe).


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Die Saison 2015/16 war die 16. Spielzeit der Deutschen Sledge-Eishockey Liga. Die Saison startete am 12. September 2015 und endete am 20. März 2016. Die Weserstars Bremen gewannen zum zweiten Mal in Folge die Meisterschaft. Die Spielgemeinschaft Preussen/Sachsen belegte den zweiten Platz.

Teilnehmer
Am Spielbetrieb nahmen im Vergleich zum Vorjahr die gleichen Mannschaften teil:

 Weserstars Bremen
 SG Preussen/Sachsen
 SG Kamen/Wiehl
 Ice Lions Langenhagen

Modus
Die vier teilnehmenden Mannschaften trugen die Spielzeit im Ligasystem als Doppelrunde aus, jedes Team spielte insgesamt 12 Mal und somit viermal gegen jede andere Mannschaft. Für einen Sieg gab es drei Punkte. Bei einem Unentschieden folgte ein Penaltyschießen. Der Sieger des Penaltyschießens erhielt zwei Punkte, der unterlegenen Mannschaft wurde ein Zähler gutgeschrieben.

Abschlusstabelle
Abkürzungen: Sp = Spiele, S = Siege, SnP = Siege nach Penaltyschießen, NnP = Niederlage nach Penaltyschießen, N = Niederlagen, Pkt = Punkte

Weblinks
 Saison 2015/16 im Archiv der Cardinals Dresden

Einzelnachweise

2015/16
Eishockeysaison 2015/16

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Phenix City police assist in arresting escaped prisoner
By Olivia Gunn | November 10, 2020 at 4:48 PM EST - Updated November 10 at 11:30 PM
PHENIX CITY, Ala. (WTVM) - The Phenix City Police Department assisted in the arrest of an escaped poisoner from the Crenshaw County Correctional Facility Tuesday.
Brandon Richards, 28, escaped custody Wednesday, Nov. 4 and was seen in the Columbus and Phenix City area . He was assisted in escaping by his girlfriend, 21-year-old Haley Petty.
The vehicle the suspects were traveling in pulled up to gas pumps at the Walmart Neighborhood store in the 3800 block of Highway 80 West. When agents pulled up to the vehicle, Petty rammed the agents' vehicle in an attempt to assault them. She attempted to escape by driving recklessly through the parking lot of the store at high speeds.
Agents maneuvered their vehicles between the suspects' vehicle and the public and used it to direct the suspects' vehicle into a nearby field where Petty and Richards were taken into custody.
There were no reported injuries .
Richards was wanted for first-degree escape and interfering with child custody. He was currently in Crenshaw for robbery and kidnapping. Charges will be obtained for first-degree assault, felony attempting to elude, criminal mischief, and reckless endangerment.
Petty was wanted for aiding in escape, first-degree theft of property, and interfering with child custody. Charges will be obtained for first-degree assault, attempting to elude, first-degree criminal mischief, and reckless endangerment.
Copyright 2020 WTVM. All rights reserved.
A native of Columbus, Georgia, Olivia is a mass media graduate of Columbus State University where she received extensive training in the field of communication, journalism, and reporting.
COURT: Shooting death of 70-year-old Columbus man stems from altercation with stepson
During the hearing, investigators said Marlon Reese allegedly confronted his stepfather, Walter Williams, at his home after he believed Williams had engaged in improper conduct with another member of the family.
First responders on the scene of vehicle accident on Hwy. 280 near Opelika
The two-vehicle accident happened on Highway 280 westbound, approximately two miles from Opelika.
Jimmy Carter historic sites become national historic park
City of Opelika names 30-year veteran as new Chief of Police
Masked intruder holds LaGrange employees at gunpoint during robbery
Kroger, Publix stores making COVID-19 vaccines available
WTVM Staff


In the Current Affairs & GK Update of 26 September 2018 we cover all important National,International,Financial,Sports news, nominations, agreements which are relevant for upcoming IBPS PO,IBPS Clerk,SSC,IBPS RRB, INDIAN Bank PO exams.We at Achieversrule regularly provide One Liner Current Affairs and GK Updates to keep our candidates prepared for Current Affairs section of Banking,Insurance exams and current affairs exam.
The National Mission on Government e Marketplace (GeM),waslaunched by the Minister of Commerce and Industry, Suresh Prabhu, on 5th of September 2018. This was followed by the launch of the Mission in 19 States and Union Territories.In two years of its operations, GeM has recorded till date more than 8 lakh transactions worth over Rs.12,239crore.
Vice president M. Venkaiah Naidu inaugurated Smart City Expo India-2018 in Jaipur.The object of this three days long expo is to have discussions among different experts and groups to utilize benefits of new technology, town planning, capacity management, challenges before socio-economic development and development of networking in the Smart City sector.
Pushing for greater transparency in the judicial system, the Supreme Court on Wednesday set the stage for live streaming of court proceedings of cases of constitutional importance and directed the Centre to frame rules for this. The project will be carried out in phases.
South Africa's anti-apartheid hero and first democratically elected president, Nelson Mandela will be honoured at the United Nations General Assembly, with a statue erected in the organisation's headquarters.`The United Nations is declaring 2019-2028 as the "Nelson Mandela Decade of Peace," .
Japan's two hopping rovers successfully land on asteroid Ryugu. MINERVA-II1 is 'the world's first man-made object to explore movement on an asteroid surface'.Two robotic rovers have become world's first to successfully land on the surface of an asteroid, the Japanese space agency JAXA said, sharing images captured by the probes.
Environment Minister Dr Harsh Vardhan on Tuesday inaugurated air pollution control device Wind Augmentation Purifying Unit, WAYU, at ITO in New Delhi.The device WAYU is developed by Council of Science and Industrial Research to mitigate air pollution at traffic junctions.
Industrialist and Reliance Industries Ltd Chairman Mukesh Ambani has topped the "Barclays Hurun India Rich List-2018" for the seventh consecutive year, with his wealth estimated at Rs. 371,000 crore.
India ranks 158th in the world for its investments in education and health care, according to the first-ever scientific study ranking countries for their levels of human capital.The nation is placed behind Sudan (ranked 157th) and ahead of Namibia (ranked 159th) in the list. The U.S. is ranked 27th, while China is at 44th and Pakistan at 164th.Finland topped the list.
While deciding the constitutional validity of Aadhaar project, a 5-judge Supreme Court bench on Wednesday said that linking of Aadhaar number with PAN card was mandatory.The court said that the government rules that asked Indians to link Aadhaar with PAN card and income tax records were legal and valid. In other words, the court upheld the legality of Section 139AA of the Income-tax Act.
Alphabet Inc.'s Google tapped its longtime privacy lawyer, Keith Enright, to become chief privacy officer as the company proposed policies for potential federal regulation of data.
The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) has approved procurement of 1,000 engines for fitment in T-72 tanks of the Army at an approximate cost of over 2,300 crore rupees.
Union Minister of Commerce: Suresh Prabhu.
CEO of UIADI:Dr.Ajay Bhutan Pandey.
Current Chief Justice of India:Dipak Mishra.
Next Chief Justice of India:Ranjan Gogoi.
Nelson Mandela International Day:July 18.
Headquarter of United Nations:New York,USA.
Union HRD Minister of India:Prakash Javadekar.
The National Informatics Centre (NIC)was established in 1976.
Present Director General of NIC:Neeta Verma.
The Defence Acquisition Council(DAC)was set up in:2001.
Union Defence Minister is the chairperson of DAC.


Surrealism was launched as a literary and artistic movement by Andre Breton in 1924, and by the time of his death in 1966 had become one of the most popular art movements of the 20th century.
This book introduces the movement's key figures and their works.
Includes a glossary of terms and a chronology. This new addition to the series provides a good resource for anyone interested in learning about this influential of art movement.


The 20km Scratch Race is also part of the National Hard Track Endurance League.
The National Sprinters League is sponsored by "Swinnerton Cycles" the Riders Qualifying 200m time trial starts at 10am.
Riders times not making the cut for the Sprinters League will automatically be entered into the Supporting Sprint event the "Swinnerton Cycles" B-Sprint.
There is plenty of Sprinting for those not in the National Sprinters League.


Jeroen Blok My paintings, photo's and drawings are best read as work where perception, interpretation, research and free imagination meet each other. In my work I focus on social dilemmas and social patterns. If you have any questions or comments please let me know.


text:
Whatever's hexing the Kings can't be fixed by a switch
By LA Kings Insider
The Kings practiced at Amalie Arena in Tampa Bay on Friday, less than 24 hours after a loss to the Florida Panthers kept them five points out of the Western Conference's final wild card spot with an additional calendar day leading up to the April 11 season finale removed from the schedule.
On the surface, the Kings appeared to be in adequate spirits despite the drop-off in the standings. They're aware of the situation they're in. They're frustrated, even if they aren't always demonstratively so when speaking with reporters during off-day practice sessions.
But deeper down, given the seven wins in 25 games during the dog days of what was supposed to be a legitimate defense to their second title in three years, there's clearly a simmering umbrage towards the season's direction in what has been a cruel calendar year of 2015.
"I hear you people say it all the time," General Manager Dean Lombardi said. "You don't even have to be the general manager or coach to get a feel for a room, right? And you guys have been around long enough, and you can sense it. It's weird. But you know what? It's not weird, because 50 years from now with these brain scans and understanding of neutrinos, we're going to find out that there is a scientific basis for that innate feeling we get that we can't explain."
Neutrinos aside, that innate feeling has been with Lombardi for a long time – even since the club's six-game winning streak in October.
"Let's get real here, this has been going on all year," he said. "We'd show signs, like Chicago we played well. We played well in Boston, and it looks like we're coming, and then we get this. This has been a year-long thing. This whole 'flick switch' thing is the kiss of death if you look at history. The only difference now is you're in February, right, but in reality you're seeing the same things."
The "flick switch" – a reference the club hears over and over again from those on the outside who look at the team's championships that have followed standout if not exactly Presidents' Trophy-caliber seasons and assume they're capable of "flipping a switch" come playoff time – makes many in hockey operations bristle.
Nor does the theory that the team is worn down given the amount of hockey that it has played in the previous three seasons necessarily sit well with Lombardi. That's not to say that the hypothesis is flawed, but rather that it can't really be repeatedly tested.
"The answer doesn't lend itself to a formula. It's that feel part of the job," Lombardi said. "What you're saying is, whether it's right or wrong, will anybody ever know? At least the premise has some credit, has some credibility. But you would still hate to think that at some point here, an athlete – I don't care where he's been – it's like, was Jordan ever satisfied with three, four…? I guess that's the counter-argument to that, that they get to this level because they're great competitors and they never want to be embarrassed, regardless. He could have five rings and you don't want to be embarrassed. So that would be the counter-argument to [that premise]."
"But then you've got the thing, is it physically possible? You've got a mental thing, right? Clearly that's part of it. Your question lends itself to, is it possible to recoup over two months and then retrain?"
Using the context of Thursday's loss, Darryl Sutter challenged the thought that mental blocks could be significantly impairing the direction of a team that has played games in June in each of the last three seasons.
"We have a good understanding of where we're at, and then how hard it is to make the playoffs," he said. "I think we've got past all the other stuff, but we're in a position where it's going to be tough. We know that. We thought we played really well last night, and that's what we want to do tomorrow. After the game last night, when you guys asked, hey, we made two critical errors that cost us a hockey game. Those guys can not make those mistakes. If you make mistakes, you're going to lose games, and that cost us a game last night."
REIGN FINAL – Canucks 2, Reign 1 (SO) – Hajt, Villalta
The Abbotsford Canucks (12-12-3-1) erased a 1-0 deficit in the third and got the only goal during a shootout to
By Jared Shafran
LA Kings Holiday Ice back and rolling after a year off
Whether you skate like Drew Doughty or you hug the walls as you make your way around the rink, LA
By Zach Dooley
Game Thread – Kings @ Capitals, 12/19
Los Angeles Kings 3, Washington Capitals 2 FINAL Game Preview WATCH: Bally Sports West LISTEN: LA Kings Audio Network SOG: LAK – 24 WSH –


Nowadays, when we shop for beauty and grooming products, it's not just about what they can do for our hair or skin—it's also about their impact on the world around us. People are taking a closer look inside the bottle, looking for sustainably and ethically sourced ingredients that are natural—forget ingredients that no one can pronounce. But as brands have begun cleaning up their products, consumers are also concerned about their platform.
"Credo loves to tell brands' stories, whether in store or through social, blogs and at Credo events, like our Mission in Action panels, so we certainly do our part to amplify our brand partners' positive impact on communities and the environment whenever we can," Davis says. Credo has championed many brands that give back, including Eu'Genia Shea, a family-run social enterprise dedicated to all natural premium shea butter moisturizers. The company is committed to paying its pickers and manufacturers fair wages, and it donates 15 percent of profits back to its female workers in Ghana in the form of an education fund.
Supporting companies with purpose is a win-win, and these brands spread beauty far.
The OG of conscientious beauty brands, the British company was founded in 1976 with a mission to do business better. Since then, it's worked toward ending animal testing, helping the environment, and teaming up with fair trade partners around the globe to pay people a living wage and source ingredients sustainably.
The Body Shop has been working with its first Community Trade partner Teddy Exports in southern India since 1987, helping it grow from five artisans to more than 600 employees from 30 villages, establishing the Teddy Trust to build schools for 1,000 children, launch health-care clinics and raise awareness of HIV/AIDS. Every product purchased supports The Body Shop's fair trade partners and the causes it fights for every day.
Before Victoria Tsai founded Tatcha, she spent time with geishas to learn their beauty secrets. They taught her that beauty starts in the heart and mind, which is why she teamed up with Room to Read's Girls' Education Program. Every Tatcha purchase aids its efforts to provide mentoring, skills and the support the girls need to receive an education. So far, the partnership has helped more than 10 million girls attend more than 1 million days of school.
The largest beauty brand in Brazil has been committed to sustainability since its inception in 1969. Doing business from the belief that the world is connected, NaturaBrasil has saved almost 635,000 acres of Amazon rainforest. Working with 33 local communities through its fair trade program, Programa Amazonia, NaturaBrasil also helps them establish their businesses while benefiting the forest. The company's packaging is thoughtful, too: It's all either made from 100 percent post-consumer recycled materials or eco-plastic from sugar-cane ethanol.
Forget farm-to-table—Seed Phytonutrients is all about farm-to-body with its skin, face and hair products. The sustainable line works with independent local organic farmers to source its natural ingredients to protect seeds from over-commercialization. The brand is paving a new path by introducing shower-friendly paper bottles that are made from 100 percent post-consumer recycled paper.
The for-benefit makeup brand supports the women's cooperative We See Beauty Foundation with 10 percent of all sales. The nonprofit helps women across the U.S. launch enduring careers as entrepreneurs by giving them economic support, training, education and outreach, which lifts their communities and their economies, as well.
Lush has never used harmful microbeads in its products, instead opting for natural alternatives such as sand, salt and adzuki beans to exfoliate. Lush's packaging is as minimal and mindful as possible, like its shampoo bars, which don't have any packaging at all. Lush offers other "naked" products that are perfect for the gym both for convenience and reducing your environmental footprint, such as its Aromaco Deodorant and Scrubee Body Butter.
Plus, through its black pots recycling program, customers can bring in five empty and clean black pots and get a free fresh face mask in return. The used black pots are shipped back to Lush's Vancouver and Toronto manufacturing facilities, where they are broken down and remade into new black pots.
After celebrity dermatologist Fredric Brandt, M.D., committed suicide in 2015, his colleagues and friends launched the Dr. Brandt Foundation, an organization dedicated to destigmatizing mental illness and supporting those who have been affected by suicide. Currently, $5 from every sale of the Limited Edition Pores No More Pore Refiner Primer goes toward the Beaux Arts Hands On Program, which provides free museum tours and art classes to students in grades one through five at the Lowe Art Museum in Miami.
Beer is at the heart of this hair, body and grooming line. Back in the middle ages, when water wasn't safe to drink, people drank beer instead because the water was boiled in the brewing process, making it safer. Nowadays, many people still don't have clean water for drinking and bathing, so BRÖÖ teamed up with Water.org for its Shower the World Foundation. With every BRÖÖ purchase, someone is given clean, safe water.
The name makes it quite clear what it's all about: helping the earth. The shampoos, conditioners, body washes, bar soaps, deodorants, lotions, and hair and body treatments are all infused with signature natural ingredients that are ethically sourced, supporting the farmers who grow them. The company's fast rinse conditioner technology cuts down on shower time, thus saving water. And every in-shower bottle is made from 100 percent recycled plastic, with labels that have a special adhesive to easily separate them, ensuring they can be recycled. With Love, Beauty and Planet's new #SmallActsOfLove video, it is showing how small, everyday steps can make a major impact and inspiring people to do their part.
Philosophy established its hope & grace initiative in 2014 to support mental health with a portion of purchases, and since then, it has donated $4.4 million to community-based mental health organizations based in the U.S. Philosophy helped more than 1 million women and families, and this year, it is taking its efforts worldwide by giving to countries where the brand is sold, including Canada and China.
Celia Shatzman covers everything from beauty and grooming to fashion, travel, fitness, psychology, health, career and finance. Her work has appeared in Cosmopolitan, Glamour, Marie Claire, SELF, Teen Vogue, ForbesLife, NYLON, New York, Condé Nast Traveler, ELLE.com, New York Post, USA TODAY, Time Out New York, Health.com, StyleBistro.com, BBC Travel, Latina, Organic Spa Magazine, WomensHealthMag.com, Prevention.com, Yoga Journal, and BUST, among others. She graduated from the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University and now calls Brooklyn home.


It may not have escaped your notice that America is a pretty large country. You could probably fit the UK inside New York state (if you borrowed a bit of New Jersey, perhaps?), and I've seen bigger aubergineseggplants than Wales. And like any large territory whose population has migrated for work and family over the years, America has developed an extensive, environmentally friendly and efficient public transport system.
OK, that last bit's a lie. The occasional subway system and local bus network aside, most Americans' idea of public transport is giving a neighbour an occasional liftride in their car to Walmart. The train network is woefully underdeveloped, serving only a relatively few cities. British readers will sympathise when I say that the trains here are enough to make you pine for Network South East or the West Coast Main Line.
All of that leaves the wishful traveller with predominantly two options when he or she wants to travel long distances: take the car (and experience the dubious sheet-stained delights of the American motel system), or take a plane. Not surprisingly, when faced with such a choice, most Americans put their latent environmental concerns (stop laughing at the back, please) behind them, and fly.
Domestic flights are like buses in many ways. Largely because there'll be no planes for three hours, and suddenly four flights to Charlotte will come along at once. Delays are pretty inevitable, and the sky above La Guardia (New York's 'domestic' airport) generally look like the M25Long Island Expressway on a bad day. Except with more wings.
With so many flights and connections, the logistics involved in the checked luggage system must be pretty involved. And given the (often speedy) turnaround between connecting flights, it's amazing that suitcases and rucksacks don't go missing more often.
Of course, that doesn't make it any less annoying when your bag is one of exceptions. Especially if your flight has already been delayed by two hours, and you're standing in a deserted airport with two exhausted children. Still, United Airlines promised to get it to me by 1pm the next day, so it couldn't exactly be described as a great hardship.
At 4pm, three hours after the deadline, I took my life into my own hands and called the United helpline. After a few abortive attempts at getting through the voice recognition system (see the comments on my last post for more insight), I finally got through to the dreaded call centreer.
The man I spoke to could not have been more friendly, and at absolute pains to insist that he was sorry for my inconvenience and woud be doing everything to resolve the situation. Given that he was in India, he'd even been given phrases to ensure that he connected with me on a more colloquial level. Admittedly I didn't necessarily need to visualisze him 'bending over backwards' to help me, but it was a nice try.
Talking the talk is one thing, but walking the walk is quite another. I was put on hold while he called the delivery company who would be bringing my bag back, and after a short while he returned to say that he had been unable to reach them, and that – as a result – I would just have to sit and wait for a little while longer, and hope that my bag turned up.
After a little pressing on my part, and 'polite' enquiries into why I couldn't get more information, I was finally given what I believe to be the greatest excuse ever given by a call center operative. Ever.
Interestingly, my bag turned up an hour or so later with this tag on it. I believe the phrase is "you couldn't make it up".
This entry was posted in Bureaucracy, Travel and tagged call centers, hold music, La Guardia, motels, Network South East, trains, Transport, United Airlines, Walmart, West Coast Main Line on December 4, 2008 by .
There are many things I'll miss about London life, but there's one irrational and wholly inconsequential behavioural trait that I'll be glad to kiss goodbye to – Oystercard Unreadiness Syndrome.
Maybe you've not heard of this disease that's currently rampaging through our capital city, but you've almost certainly seen it. It predominates in women, although is not exclusively confined to them, and its frequency tends to increase on occasions when those around the victim are running late to get somewhere. There is a simple cure, but education is still necessary to ensure that we stamp out this terrible illness.
Picture the scene. You're on the bus. You're late for a job interview/first date/goddaughter's birthday party. You're making good progress through the busy London roads, and all is looking fine. And then it strikes when you're least expecting it.
The bus stops to allow a fairly lengthy line of passengers to get on. From the size of the line, they've been waiting there for, ooh, fifteen minutes. During that time, each passenger has no doubt been consumed with their own thoughts – "What do I need to buy in Tesco's?", "I wonder why he isn't answering?" or "Man alive, look at the legs on her", maybe? But each member of the ever-lengthening queue knows one indisputable thing – once the bus finally arrives, they're going to get on, pay the fare, and (hopefully) sit down. It's quite simply the law of the (transportation) land.
Most people get on the bus as expected, the beep of the ticket machine registering the successful acceptance of the validity of their Oystercard payment. But then comes our poor OUS sufferer. Identification is generally possible by the handbag she's swinging from her shoulder. If it's conceivably large enough to conceal, say, Liechtenstein, then it's probable that she's at the very least a carrier of the disease. She makes the short step up onto the bus, and then, confronted with the familiar yellow glow of the Oystercard reader, she makes the grim realisation that she has to offer some form of payment for the journey. Does she have her Oystercard ready, having known for the last quarter of hour that she was going to need it? Sadly not.
No matter how many times they get on a bus, OUS victims are crippled by an inability to remember to have their payment out and ready to use. And not only is it not ready, it's hidden within the murky depths of that handbag, no doubt nestling cosily beneath the severed heads of three ex-boyfriends and seventeen copies of the latest Harry Potter blockbuster.
And so the hunt begins. Our hapless victim rifles through the bag in search of the ticket she never even knew she needed. Her mission unearths all manner of treasures. Marlboro Lights (six packets)? Check. Picture of her and closest mate on the slopes at Val D'Isere? Check. Small surface-to-air missile (collapsible)? Check check check.
Only after a complete dismantling of the bag and the laying out of all its contents on the floor, does the victim find the means to pay. With a cheerful ignorance of the villainous stares of the disgruntled fellow passengers who've been kept waiting for ten minutes, she walks to an empty seat and settles down to listen to David Gray on her iPod.
Victims in advance stages of the disease can find that after taking every single item out of their bag, the Oystercard was actually in their pocket all along. Variants of the disease include Credit Card Ill-Preparedness Complex (generally witnessed in long supermarket queues) and Fast Food Indecisionitis (where the level of indecisiveness increases in direct inverse correlation to the number of items on the menu).
We need to act urgently if we are to banish this world of the terrifying impact of this degenerative disease. Please do give generously, and help those that are unable to help themselves. Thank you.
PS In the United States, I can only assume that if somebody waits until they get on the bus to get out their payment, security marshalls will operate on a shoot-to-kill basis. Zero tolerance – it's the only way forward.
This entry was posted in Transport and tagged Harry Potter, London, Marlboro Lights, Oystercard, Transport on August 8, 2007 by .


Compress string using LZ-based compression algorithm.
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text:
Bulldog Mesa bezeichnet mehrere Erhebungen in den Vereinigten Staaten:

 Bulldog Mesa (Arizona)
 Bulldog Mesa (New Mexico)


text:
Tax Revolt as a Family Value How the Christian Right is Becoming a Free Market Champion
Richard Meagher
The Public Eye, Winter 2006
"Death Should Not Be a Taxable Event." In August of 2005, this headline appeared on the website of the conservative evangelical Christian organization Focus on the Family. The accompanying article asked Focus members to persuade their Senators to repeal a federal tax on inherited estates.1
Focus on the Family is not the only Christian Right organization to add this tax to its hit list. The Christian Coalition, the Family Research Council (FRC), and other conservative Christian groups condemn the estate tax in radio broadcasts and in newsletter updates; they include it on voter scorecards; and they ask members to encourage their federal representatives, as FRC head Tony Perkins puts it, to "give this onerous tax a proper burial."2
But the estate tax only affects the wealthiest of Americans, and seems to have nothing to do with the social issues, such as abortion or sex education, that normally concern the Christian Right. What would make them lobby for a lower tax rate on the wealthy, especially since almost all estates are exempt from the tax anyway?
The answer is simple. Over the course of the 1990s, the economic conservatives successfully recast the estate tax as a "family" issue, using language that appealed more directly to conservative evangelicals. And the Christian Right, primed by years of describing themselves as a "pro-family movement," and spurred on by a group of intellectuals who put forth a Christian economics of the family, jumped at the bait, becoming staunch supporters of repeal. Once Bush signed a temporary estate tax repeal in 2001, the Christian Right groups joined the fight in earnest to make the repeal of the so-called "death tax" permanent.
The result: closer ties between economic conservatives in the Republican Party and the religious conservatives who make up the Party's voting base. In fact, some conservative activists feel that economic issues like the estate tax may be the key to maintaining a conservative electoral majority in the years to come.
The Economic Conservatives Get Creative
The government levies an estate tax on the value of a person's assets at death, before they are passed on to heirs. A federal tax of this kind has been in force since the early 20th Century. While the tax was originally supposed to target the richest Americans, by the 1990s, thanks to inflation, even families with estates of $600,000 had to consider the tax in their financial planning. Still, few were actually affected. For example, Americans filed only 81,000 estate tax returns in 1995, and only 85% of these estate returns involved a payment.3 Indeed, according to Internal Revenue Service data, the number of taxable estates in each year of the 1990s represented less than 2% of all adult deaths.4
With the estate tax affecting such a small number of Americans, even conservatives did not see outright repeal a viable political option in the 1990s. The Republican Party's 1994 Contract with America only proposed increasing the size of estates eligible to be taxed. When, in 1997, the Republicans backed raising the exemption level to $1 million in assets by 2006, estate tax foes were not happy. Right-wing critics felt it only complicated the tax code for inheritances. The Heritage Foundation argued that the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 which proposed the reform "belongs to a class of legislation that warms only the hearts of lobbyists and specialists who must deal with the growing tax labyrinth."5
The criticism of the 1997 reform attempt opened the door for repeal efforts. A number of anti-estate tax groups, led mostly by conservative outsiders and funded by some of the country's wealthiest families, joined with sympathetic members of Congress in an attempt to repeal the tax.6 The biggest players were Patricia Soldano, an estate planner from Orange County, California, who, in the early 1990s, created the Center for the Study of Taxation and the Policy and Taxation Group to lobby against the estate tax; Alabama estate planner Harold Apolinsky, who formed the American Family Business Institute (AFBI) in 1992 for similar lobbying purposes; and Jim Martin, head of the conservative seniors group, the 60Plus Association. It was Martin who made the "death tax" label stick, while Soldano's and Apolinksy's groups met with Washington insiders and directed wealthy constituents to lobby their representatives directly.
Over the course of the 1990s, these conservative anti-tax groups tried to neutralize support for the "death tax" by carefully crafting anecdotes about middle class Americans suffering under its burdens, according to scholars Michael Graetz and Ian Shapiro, authors of a 2005 book on the repeal battle.7 "Stories trumped science," these authors argue, because the statistics used by supporters never matched the power and salience of their opponents' tales of estate tax woe.
The economic conservatives finally tasted success with the election of George W. Bush, who included repeal in his tax proposal. The resulting Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 not only gradually increases the exemption level, to $3.5 million in 2009, but reduces and eventually eliminates the tax entirely by the year 2010. However, due to a sunset clause included to avoid Senate rules against expanding the federal deficit, estate tax rates will return in 2011 to their 2000 levels. So while repeal advocates achieved a major victory with the 2001 law, the issue remains very much alive politically.
Washington Insiders and the Appeal to the Christian Right Base
Washington insiders can take as much credit for the 2001 victory as the insurgents from the hinterlands of Orange County and Alabama. A big player in the repeal movement was Grover Norquist, head of the conservative anti-tax lobbying group, Americans for Tax Reform. Norquist holds infamous "Wednesday meetings" where Congressional and Administration officials meet representatives of conservative advocacy groups and think tanks to coordinate policy efforts. Equally significant was the influential conservative think tank, the Heritage Foundation, which jump-started research against the estate tax in the mid-90s with about $200,000 in grants from Apolinksy's AFBI.8
Other secular conservative groups eventually joining in the repeal effort include the libertarian Cato Institute, the 527 association Club for Growth, and the free market advocacy groups Americans for Prosperity and Citizens for a Sound Economy (now named Freedom Works). By early 2001, even Eagle Forum founder and anti-government crusader Phyllis Schlafly was warning readers in her newsletter to "Look Out for Death Tax Deception."9
While these groups' focus on economic issues or decreased government management of the economy made them obvious candidates to join the repeal struggle, they had a limited reach among voters. For repeal to become permanent, the economic conservatives would need the support of the religious conservatives' base.
It should not be surprising that anti-tax advocates sought out the Christian Right's support on an economic issue. Conservatives have built their power in the United States by developing issues in ways that both economic and religious conservatives find compelling. For over a decade, Norquist has labored to build a "Leave Us Alone Coalition" of disgruntled taxpayers, business owners, gun owners, and Western ranchers. In a 1996 speech10 outlining this coalition, Norquist argues that all of these Americans share one goal: "they all want to be left alone by the government." For Norquist, a friend and ally of Ralph Reed when he headed the Christian Coalition, the Christian Right is also part of the mix; Christian conservatives "fight against government interference and spending (financed by their own tax dollars) that insults and attacks their values and their faith." Norquist sees taxes and, to a lesser extent, government regulation as the key issues that can unite conservatives.
Norquist is in hot water for laundering money to Christian Right groups from the scofflaw lobbyist Jack Abramoff.11 But he is likely on to something in his focus on tax policy as a means of recruiting the Christian Right. He tapped into a tiny group of hyperconservative Protestant thinkers whose arguments that economic policies deserve as much attention as social ones have an outsized influence on American evangelicals. Originally led by the late R.J. Rushdoony, Christian Reconstructionists believe that Biblical law can and should be brought into the modern context, and that it provides a basis not just for ethical and private life, but for public life and policy as well. In this view, all governmental policies-laws, court decisions, regulations, etc.-should be directly based upon Biblical law.12 In their effort to broadly apply Biblical principles to civil government, Reconstructionist writers like Gary North also emphasize the importance of private property and free-market capitalism for ensuring the freedom and responsibility of the individual before God. At the same time, they reject government price controls, welfare and other entitlement programs, and any kind of wealth redistribution. According to Reconstructionists, taxation should only be as high as necessary for the maintenance of a libertarian state that allows individuals to act freely, although in accordance with God's moral law.
Whether acknowledged or not, many Christian Right organizations increasingly echo the Reconstructionists in that economic policy matters to them often as much as issues of sexuality. They are probably especially receptive to their influence given the old-time evangelical conviction, rooted in the 19th century, that "laws of God reign over society, their real character beyond appearance…confounding state rational control."13 Some go so far as to revive the idea that the poor could benefit from the "bracing moral discipline" of the market.
With this moralistic bent, Christian Right groups typically focus on those tax issues with a clear moral dimension. In the 1980s, Christian groups often protested the use of tax funds for welfare programs, insisting that these programs created a culture of dependency among the poor. For example, an early mission statement for the Religious Roundtable, an influential evangelical organization of the 1980s, notes that "the Bible nowhere justifies the use of coercive government power to plunder some elements of society and dole out to others."14 But it takes no position on specific taxation. Later, the Christian Coalition made tax issues an important part of its agenda by focusing on family-related policies like the so-called "marriage penalty." And then, after 2001, the Christian Right picked up on the economic conservatives' arguments that the "death tax" was a threat to families.
Let's Talk Family
The economic conservatives began shifting their language in the mid-1990s. You hear it in the work of law professor Edward McCaffery, who called the estate tax a "virtue tax" as early as 1994.15 Since it appears to promote consumption rather than savings, McCaffery argues in a 1999 Cato Institute report, the estate tax discourages hard work. Why work harder if the government simply takes away your extra earnings when you die? As McCaffery notes, the whole of society is affected:
The biggest problem with the death tax is a moral one. The death tax rewards a "die-broke" ethic, whereby the wealthy spend down their wealth on lavish consumption, and discourages economically and socially beneficial intergenerational saving.16
So the estate tax is more an issue of morality than economics.
Even more than Cato, the Heritage Foundation can be thanked for much of this shift in opposing the estate tax on moral instead of economic grounds. The change can be seen in the work of Heritage analyst Bill Beach. His first report on the estate tax in 1996 presents almost entirely economic-based reasons for repeal, arguing that taxation interferes with economic liberty and growth.17 Yet his second report on the estate tax, published two years later, has a very different tone. While he offers the same economic arguments, Beach focuses more directly on the effects of the tax upon small business owners and farmers with exemplary values, noting the "great threat" to their enterprises.
The burden of the estate tax, Beach argues here, falls upon "hardworking men and women whose thrift and entrepreneurial spirit expose them to confiscatory tax rates."18 Indeed, repeal champions repeatedly tell anecdotes about small enterprises forced into early sale, bankruptcy and foreclosure, although their claims are often exaggerated.19 The strategic use of this language is not difficult to see; the image of the yeoman farmer and small business entrepreneur are central to American myth-making and tug at the heartstrings of many Americans, not just conservatives. Yet Beach also stresses, however subtly, the strong moral values of thrift and hard work that supposedly motivate these entrepreneurs. This moral vision deepens in the next phase of argument which indelibly links small enterprises with the term "family" – as in "family farms and businesses." The powerful imagery of business and farm is thus united with the equally powerful symbolism of values, morality, and especially the family, that is so important to the Christian Right.
This "family values" imagery spread like wildfire across conservative networks. Presidential candidate John Kerry was "anti-family" for opposing the tax's repeal, charged a 2004 press release from the secular American Conservative Union. The next year a similar ACU release charged that the "widely despised and onerous" estate tax "destroys small family businesses, farms and ranches." Its burden falls on those "who have worked hard all their lives" to pass on their family business.
Other organizations with fewer resources than the ACU simply reprinted another group's press release or interviewed the other group's staff, echoing their language. Thus the small conservative advocacy group, America's Future, simply posted on its website the claims of United Seniors Association's Mary Mahoney who says,"the middle-class farmer or small business owner" shoulders the burden of estate taxes. Republican officials began to use this language as well. Senator George Allen (R-Va.) argued in 2005 that the estate tax hurts "modest Americans who worked hard throughout their lives to save for their families."y More recently, in a blog entry on Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist's VOL-PAC website, Frist noted that the tax attacks virtue because it "punishes hard work and savings." He then underlined the danger to families by recounting a (possibly apocryphal) tale of a Tennessee clan that had to sell land to pay their estate tax.21
So marrying "small business" with "pro-family" arguments keeps economic conservatives in the fold even while stirring the support of the Christian Right.
Whence Family Values?
The "pro-family" language of the Christian Right only began emerging in the 1970s. That's when evangelical church leaders such as Tim LaHaye, Pat Robertson, and Jerry Falwell became part of a self-identified "pro-family network."22 Still, it was-n't until the 1990s, when Ralph Reed began steering the Christian Coalition towards mainstream political power, that Christian Right leaders began to more explicitly describe themselves as a "pro-family movement." Indeed, today's most influential Christian political groups such as the Family Research Council and Concerned Women for America, occasionally, and subtly, downplay their Christian affiliation in hopes of making broad appeals to "family values." Even the names of the dominant Christian political organizations of the early 1990s and today, the Christian Coalition and the Family Research Council, respectively, reflect this shift. Today more than ever, appeals to "family" can be aimed towards religious conservatives, though couched in language that does not necessarily offend or discriminate.
By the time the newly installed, supposedly pro-family Bush Administration brought the estate tax to the attention of the Christian Right in 2001, it wholeheartedly climbed on board with the "pro-family" reform. Within months, major groups began using pro-family arguments to support estate tax repeal. In a June 2001 article, the Christian magazine World told its readers that social conservatives are happy with the "family-friendly" Bush tax program, referring to both reducing the so-called "marriage penalty" and repealing the death tax. In familiar language, it says that the tax "sometimes forced children to sell the family-owned farms and businesses their parents had spent a lifetime building." Similarly, a 2001 paper by the conservative Catholic group, the American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property, argued that repealing the estate tax would help grant "material stability to the family." A March 2001 press release from Concerned Women for America notes that Bush's 2002 budget included estate tax repeal among other "pro-family tax cuts." A few months later, a brief report by Focus on the Family celebrated the "good news for families" in the 2001 tax cuts, including the end of the "death tax."23
While the authors rarely linger to explain why estate tax repeal would be "pro-family," it is noteworthy that the Focus article quotes Heritage's Bill Beach in support. The merger of market and religious fundamentalist language was complete.
The most striking example of the Christian embrace of the estate tax as a family issue is a slick, 29-page pamphlet issued by the Family Research Council in the fall of 2001. The report, written by FRC's then-Director of Family Tax Policy Leslie Car-bone, is entitled "Death and Taxes: How Divorcing the Two Benefits the Family."24 Carbone goes all out in her use of the work of economic conservatives, drawing on Bill Beach, the Institute for Policy Innovation, Congress' Joint Economic Committee, the libertarian National Center for Policy Analysis, and even Fortune magazine. Still, she largely adopts their family values rather than economic arguments.
Carbone draws on every argument starting with McCaffery's "virtue tax:" "anything that undermines virtue weakens the family; the estate tax is no exception." The tax discourages hard work, discipline, courage and dependability, and even worse, she argues, by disrupting inheritance, the tax upsets the kinship bonds so essential to families:
By interfering directly with the natural or family order, the death tax works against the family to a greater extent than other forms of taxation. By artificially separating the family along generational lines, it disrupts the extended family… The death tax considerably weakens the role and status of families in American life.
By undermining the family, the estate tax attacks the very structure of society itself, Carbone writes. By arguing that taxation interferes with the "natural" order of the family, Carbone sounds the themes put forth by a group of Christian intellectuals based at the Rockford, Illinois, think-tank, the Howard Center for Family, Religion and Society.
Two years after Cardone's report, the FRC's short-lived "academic" journal, Family Policy Review, recruited an article from the Center's president Allan Carlson that intriguingly supports tax giveaways on the basis of family values.25 To Carlson, offering direct government support to poor families with children, "tend[s] to draw governments deeply into the family economy and to substitute state largesse, and intrusion, for parental earnings." Credits and exemptions, on the other hand, "allow the family to keep more of what it earns… Children properly see their parents, rather than the state, as their providers." Thus the government strengthens the natural order of families and marriage in the least intrusive way possible.
The influential FRC draws upon this notion that the natural order of the family is the primary starting point for government policy in both its beltway lobbying and in its education of its conservative Christian base about estate taxes. In taking such a seemingly large portion of a person's estate, the tax implies that the government is more important than the individual. Estates would then exist more for the purposes of government than for the people who own them. For Carbone, the government's only appropriate role is to safeguard the natural order of the family. She argues that,
In order to buffet rather than undermine the natural order, civil government should take pains to "do no harm" to the natural state of society or the natural family order. This principle applies especially to taxation… If through taxation it disrupts the natural economy by creating all sorts of perverse incentives and penalties that favor certain people or punish others, the government becomes part of the problem-a contributor to social and family breakdown- rather than part of the solution-an instrument of justice.
Other groups may not be as directly influenced by this line of argument as the FRC, but the estate tax issue eventually becomes absorbed as an essentially unquestioned part of the larger Christian Right agenda. Certainly, the Family Research Council remains a leader. It lists permanent estate tax repeal as one of three policy priorities in the area of "Economics and Taxes"; promotes tax repeal as a "pro-family issue" on its voter scorecards; and reports on the issue in its updates to members.26 The greatly weakened Christian Coalition has followed suit, promoting the estate tax repeal in its list of priorities and on its 2004 Presidential voter scorecard. Far from being a pro forma nod to the agenda of its economically conservative allies, the Christian's Right's intellectuals, at least, seem to be sincerely promoting the convergence of their two movements on this economic issue.
One Big Happy (Conservative) Family
Despite this broad right-wing coalition, it is not clear whether they will succeed in permanently repealing the estate tax. So far Senate Democrats have managed to stall their efforts in the halls of Congress. Still, even if they fail, conservatives have won an even larger victory by building greater ties and coordination among the Christian Right and market conservatives, as well as the GOP. Notwithstanding the tensions that emerged in the fall 2006 elections, these powerful conservative sectors are forging common ground. The catchy title of Focus on the Family's 2005 web article-"Death Should Not Be a Taxable Event"- is often used as a rallying cry by Republican politicians, including Senators John Thune, Bill Frist, and George Allen.27 And recently the Family Research Council featured AFBI's Dick Patten on its weekly radio program to discuss repeal legislation. Neither Rep. Mike Pence – the show's guest host – nor Patten explicitly talked about religion; instead, they used the language of family and morality to speak to religious listeners about an economic issue. It's "morally wrong" to take the "after-tax resources of American families" when a family member dies, said Pence.
The movement's grassroots may not all embrace the idea of tax cuts as a family issue, or entirely see government regulation of the economy as interrupting the natural order within which individuals commune with God. But their education continues, as Christian Right organizations are now connected in a kind of feedback loop with other conservative groups and GOP officials.
And issues like the estate tax will continue to help bind these groups together. As Stephen Moore, former head of the Club for Growth notes, "Low taxes are the central linchpin of conservatism… It's possible to disagree about abortion, gay rights or the proper level of military spending, but we can't disagree about our one unifying message as conservatives."28 By re-casting tax and economic issues as family matters, conservatives are making this agreement easier to find.
Is Paying Taxes Un-Christian?
Before today's Christians grumble about paying their taxes, perhaps they should ask a familiar question: what would Jesus do?
There are a number of references to taxation in the Bible. Some examples:
In Exodus 30, God orders Moses to collect a tax for the tent-like sanctuary, or tabernacle, that the Israelites use for worship.
In 2 Chronicles 24, the Israelites gladly pay taxes to help rebuild the Jerusalem temple (although King Joash is later punished by God for abandoning the project).
In Matthew 17, Jesus asks Peter to pay a temple tax for the two of them, using an unusual method: Peter is to catch a fish with a coin in its mouth.
In Luke 3, when tax collectors ask him how to live, Jesus tells them only this: "Don't collect any more than you are required to" (Lk 3:13 NIV).
But Jesus' most famous statement on taxation is found in Matthew (and reprised in Mark 12 and Luke 20). The Pharisees, in an attempt to trap Jesus into denouncing the Roman government, ask him, "Is it right to pay taxes to Caesar or not?" Noting that the Roman ruler is depicted on the coins used to pay the tax, Jesus suggests that people "give to Caesar what is Caesar's, and to God what is God's" (Mt 22:17-21 NIV). According to Craig S. Keener, Professor of New Testament at Palmer Theolog-ical Seminary, Jesus argues here that allegiance to God "is not an excuse to avoid our other responsibilities that do not conflict with it."29
Paul agrees in his letter to the Romans: "This is also why you pay taxes, for the authorities are God's servants, who give their full time to governing. Give everyone what you owe him: If you owe taxes, pay taxes." (Rom 13:6-7 NIV) The Bible, therefore, seems to provide clear guidelines for what Christians should do on April 15.
Atwood, Aaron, "Death Should Not Be a Taxable Event," Focus on the Family CitizenLink.org, http://www.family.org/cforum/news/a0037747.cfm, 9/15/06.
Perkins, Tony, "Death and Taxes," Tony Perkins' Washington Update, http://www.frc.org/get.cfm?i=WA06D33#WA06D33, 9/15/06.
See Robbins, Gary and Aldona Robbins, The Case for Burying the Estate Tax (Lewisville, TX: Institute for Policy Innovation, 1999); "Historical Number of Returns by Type of Tax," Tax Policy Center, http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxFacts/TFDB/TFTemplate.cfm?Docid=18, 9/15/06.
Internal Revenue Service, "Table 17: Taxable Estate Tax Returns as a Percentage of Adult Deaths, Selected Years of Death, 1934-2002," SOI Bulletin, http://www.irs.gov/taxstats/article/0"id=115033,00.html, 9/15/06.
Beach, William W., A Scorecard on Death Tax Reform (Washington, DC: Heritage Foundation, 1998).
Public Citizen and United for a Fair Economy, Spending Millions to Save Billions: The Campaign of the Super Wealthy to Kill the Estate Tax (Washington, DC and Boston, 2006).
Graetz, Michael J. and Ian Shapiro, Death by a Thousand Cuts: The Fight Over Taxing Inherited Wealth (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005).
Thompson, Bob, "Sharing the Wealth?" Washington Post, April 13, 2003: W08.
Schlafly, Phyllis, "Tax-Cut Dollars and Dogmas," The Phyllis Schlafly Report, April 2001, 34:9.
Published as Norquist, Grover C., "The New Majority: The 'Leave Us Alone' Coalition," Imprimis, May 1996: 25.5, 1-5.
Grimaldi, James V. and Susan Schmidt, "Report Says Nonprofits Sold Influence to Abramoff," Washington Post, October 13, 2006. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2006/10/
12/AR2006101200889.html. Accessed Nov. 1, 2006.
Clarkson, Frederick, "Theocratic Dominionism Gains Influence," The Public Eye,March/June 1994, Vol. VIII, Nos. 1 & 2, accessed at http://www.publiceye.org/magazine/v08n1/chrisrec.html, 9/15/06.
Hicks, Alexander, "Free-Market and Religious Fundamentalists versus Poor Relief," American Sociological Review, v. 72, June 2006, p. 506. Hicks tracks the convergence of economic and religious fundamentalists in their support of welfare reform in the 1990s.
Religious Roundtable, "Questions and Answers Concerning the Roundtable's Position on Issues," The Roundtable Report, September/October 1983, 1:1, 2-3.
McCaffery, Edward J., "The Uneasy Case for Wealth Transfer Taxation," Yale Law Journal, 1994: 104.
McCaffery, Edward J., Grave Robbers: The Moral Case Against the Death Tax, (Washington, DC: Cato Institute, 1999). Although he is an academic and self-described "liberal," McCaffery testified against the estate tax before Senate and House finance subcommittees in the late 1990s, and later is quoted extensively in Heritage Foundation reports.
Beach, William W., The Case for Repealing the Estate Tax. (Washington, DC: Heritage Foundation, 1996).
Beach 1998.
While it is likely true that some small business owners and farmers would rather forego the expense of estate planning, and that some may sell off assets to pay the tax, repeal proponents are still unable to produce a single, verifiable example of a farm or business closing due to the burden of estate tax payments. See Johnston, David Cay, "Focus on Farms Masks Estate Tax Confusion," New York Times, April 8, 2001; Public Citizen and United for a Fair Economy 2006.
Allen, George, "Death Should Not Be a Taxable Event: Tax Code Should Promote Economic Activity," Human Events, September 2005.
Frist, Bill, "Burying the Death Tax," Volunteer Political Action Committee, http://www.volpac.org/index.cfm?FuseAction=BLOGS.View&Blog_id=254, 9/15/06.
"The Pro-Family Network," Conservative Digest, May 1980-June 1980: 6.5/6, 24.
Jones, Bob, "The Check Is In the Mail," World, June 9 2001; American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property, "Great Expectations: Hope for the New Millennium." http://www.tfp.org/what_we_think/anti-abortion/anti-abortion_paper_2001…, 9/15/06; Green, Tanya L., "Bush Proposes 'Conservative' Budget," Concerned Women for America, http://www.cwfa.org/articles/1728/CWA/misc/index.htm, 9/15/06; Schneeberger. Gary, "Family Tax Relief Last Act of GOP Senate Majority," Focus on the Family Citizen, August 2001.
Carbone, Leslie, Death and Taxes: How Divorcing the Two Benefits the Family, (Washington, DC: Family Research Council, 2001).
Carlson, Allan C., "Taxing the Family: An American Version of Paradise Lost?" Family Policy Review, Spring 2003: 1.
See, for example, Perkins, Tony, "Declare the Pennies on Your Eyes," Tony Perkins' Washington Update, http://www.frc.org/get.cfm?i=WU05J08, 9/15/06.
Atwood 2005.
Quoted in Fund, John, "The Vanishing Center: In Both Political Parties, the Defense of Moderation is no Virtue," Opinion Journal, http://www.opinionjournal.com/diary/?id=110004821, 9/15/06.
Keener, Craig S. Matthew. volume 1, The IVP New Testament Commentary Series. Intervarsity: Westmont, Illinois: 1997.
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