text:
Obama's executive order a bad idea — now or later
The manufactured crisis spawned by a proposed presidential executive order that would have rewritten the legal status of millions of undocumented immigrants has now been postponed.
Obama's executive order a bad idea — now or later The manufactured crisis spawned by a proposed presidential executive order that would have rewritten the legal status of millions of undocumented immigrants has now been postponed. Check out this story on thenorthwestern.com: http://oshko.sh/1s3WNjC
Arizona Republic (Phoenix) Published 3:55 p.m. CT Sept. 15, 2014
U.S. President Barack Obama makes a statement at the James Brady Press Briefing Room of the White House August 28, 2014 in Washington, DC. President Obama spoke on various topics including possible action against ISIL and immigration reform. (Photo: Getty Images )
Rather than light the nation's politics on fire in September, President Obama will now wait until after the November elections to declare his intentions.
A sigh of relief presumably is in order.
The hotly debated plan for a sweeping presidential declaration – one that theoretically would bring millions of foreign nationals living in the U.S. out of the shadows – would have triggered a profound political furor, not the least of which could have included dooming a true, permanent resolution for perhaps a generation.
Public-opinion polling alone probably triggered the delay. A staggering 73 percent of Americans polled recently by IBD/TIPP want Obama to work with Congress for a comprehensive solution, including a majority of Democrats.
Small wonder that nervous Democrats running in the November elections had begged the president to delay this move.
But the ideas the White House had been considering will be no less counter-productive post-November than they are now.
A presidential directive with the potential to excite a full-blown constitutional crisis could not help but be harmful to a Democrat running for the presidency in 2016.
Just a guess, but Hillary Clinton cannot be relishing her alternatives in the event of an Obama declaration on immigration: Should she oppose the executive order, and so risk alienating a vital Democratic core constituency? Or should she support it and take upon her own shoulders a constitutional crisis over presidential authority that was not of her making?
Either way, some large group of citizens is going to be seriously perturbed should the president act next year.
It is high time the White House attempted a bit more candor about what, exactly, it expects to accomplish in the first place with this reckless gambit.
Did the president really believe that prodding Republicans into impeachment overreach might benefit his party at election time?
Never mind the disturbing cynicism in a calculation that provokes the nation into even worse political divisions. For now, just consider how wrong such a calculation proved to be: Far from being an election winner, it became troublesome.
Panicked Democrats in competitive states were racing away from Obama on this issue. Democratic incumbents in tight Senate races, including Kay Hagan of North Carolina, Mark Begich of Alaska and Mark Pryor of Arkansas, all argued that Obama should not lose patience with the political system, frustrating though it may be.
It certainly didn't look to be helping Arizona Democrats.
Democratic incumbent Rep. Ann Kirkpatrick, who faces a tough re-election challenge, had said she opposed executive action.
Southern Arizona Rep. Ron Barber, who also has a tough race ahead, had avoided directly addressing the issue. Why, do you suppose? See: Hillary's conundrum.
Republican supporters of comprehensive reform are convinced, in the words of Arizona Sen. John McCain, that executive order would constitute a "death knell" for true reform.
"It will dramatically inflame the opposition," McCain told Republic reporters.
In an interview with The Republic's editorial board, U.S. Sen. John McCain cautions the president not to reform immigration by executive order and says he increasingly feels that border action must come before legislation.
Analyzed most charitably, Obama will feel compelled to act after the elections out of desire to enhance his legacy as a problem-solver on behalf of a much-aggrieved Hispanic constituency.
Built on the shifting sands of a legally dubious executive order, that is a tentative legacy, at best.
Better to do it the hard way: finding allies, changing minds and doing all the heavy political lifting that is required to build a true, permanent legacy of change.
–Arizona Republic (Phoenix)
Read or Share this story: http://oshko.sh/1s3WNjC
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Barbara Kuhn
Paris Climate Accord tool for other countries to gain economic advantage over U.S.
Martin Waite
They help refugees find Wisconsin homes
Noell Dickmann


text:
site: media | arena: golf | pageType: stories | section: | slug: tiger-woods-score-strong-close-in-round-4-puts-sweet-note-on-sour-2019-u-s-open | sport: golf | route: article_single.us | 6-keys: media/spln/golf/reg/free/stories
Tiger Woods score: Strong close in Round 4 puts sweet note on sour 2019 U.S. Open
Woods' return to Pebble Beach was disappointing, but he thrilled fans late Sunday
by Kyle Porter
@KylePorterCBS
Jun 16, 2019 at 8:19 pm ET • 3 min read
PEBBLE BEACH, Calif, -- Dressing like the 43-year-old dad he is didn't help Tiger Woods' final-round Father's Day performance at the 2019 U.S Open at Pebble Beach. Replete with long sleeves under a mock shirt under a V-neck vest, Woods fired a 69 to close out what has been a pretty disappointing week.
Much like the majority of his first return to Pebble Beach in seven years, Woods just wasn't as sharp as he needed to be. Everything was just a little bit ... off. Let's dive into Woods' final round in detail before looking at where he goes from here after a middling performance in the third major of 2019.
Front nine (2-over 37): This could have been worse, a lot worse. Woods started with four bogeys in his first six holes before finally hitting a couple of good approaches on the par-3 7th and par-4 8th. Those two shots led to straightforward birdies and a front nine that looked to be drifting toward 40 was saved from total disaster. Woods closed with a four on the 9th to stymie his slide down the leaderboard.
We see you Tiger 👀
Back-to-back birdies! #USOpen pic.twitter.com/oghBnuhda5
— U.S. Open (USGA) (@usopengolf) June 16, 2019
Back nine (4-under 32): This is where things turned around for Woods. Four birdies in the final six holes of the championship put him in a much better place on the leaderboard and sealed what would be his best 18-hole score of the week and best final round at the U.S. Open (69) in the last 10 years. Much like the first three days, the late flurry of birdies brought excitement but also thoughts of what could have been if not for the mistakes earlier in the round.
Shot of the day: Badly needing some juice, Woods drained this 42-foot birdie putt at 13 to kick-start the late scoring run.
Tiger Woods, ladies and gentlemen. #USOpen pic.twitter.com/D0V4Zrffum
Quote of the day: "I would have turned it around a little earlier than that [if I could have]. Again, got off to another crappy start and was able to fight it off. Turned back around and got it to under par for the week which is -- normally it's a good thing, but this week the guys are definitely taking to it."
What's next: Tiger likely won't tee it up again until the Open Championship in four weeks. That will mark the end of his major championship season, one that has been the most successful he's played in a decade. Still, there's always concern about the body and likely always will be going forward. Woods looked stiff at times during this event and wore KT tape on his neck.
"When it's cold like this everything is achy. It's just part of the deal," said Woods. "... The forces have to go somewhere. And if they're not in the lower back, they're in the neck, and if not, they're in the mid-back and if not they go to the knee. You name it. Let me put it this way: I feel every shot I hit. I think that's always going to be the place from here going forward."
That's not the primary reason for his struggles on the week, but it certainly wasn't nothing, either. It's been cold and damp all week, the kind of weather that gets in your bones and you can't get it out. Tiger has been about the best of all time at shaking off all manner of peripheral distractions, weather and aches included, but this week at Pebble Beach was another in a long line of reminders that he won't be able to do that forever.
At the place where he was the most immortal he's ever been back in 2000, Tiger looked vulnerable, aging and weak at times in 2019. That's what 19 years and four back surgeries does to you. Just like the rocks in the Pacific Ocean off the edge of the 18th fairway, worn down over time by the lapping of a billion waves, Woods is not quite what he used to be. And in this game, the chasm between "not quite" and "full throttle" can be 10 or 20 strokes wide like it was this week between Woods and the leaders.
So we may still get Tiger Woods vying for major championships. We just won't get the version of the man who once took our breath away at this stunning place. Just like the evolution of an ocean and the land whose form it changes, this edition of Tiger might be less rock solid, but it also might be far more interesting.
Kyle Porter
Kyle Porter began his sports writing career with CBS Sports in 2012. He covers golf, writes poetry about Rory McIlroy's swing, stays ready on Tiger watch and loves the Masters more than anyone you know.... Full Bio
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is Dean your cherry pie? This crossbody bag from Supernatural features a pie design with the anti-possession symbol in the middle.
Supernatural Pie Crossbody Bag is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 6.
Rated 5 out of 5 by cjs8238 from A must have for supernatural fans just a fun bag to have. good space inside and if your a fan of dean and his obsession with pie this will show your true colors of which "boy" you like the most!
Rated 5 out of 5 by Snape02 from Adorable design I love this bag. It's so cute and now I were it whenever I can.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Crystalgrey from Absolutely scrumptious! Super cute purse for special occasions, like pie day, or taking to my next Supernatural Con! Not a huge purse, but can still hold all my essentials.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Vamprayne from Love it I bought this on pi day, I love everything about it, except the strap is a little short for me. I can't cross body this "cross body" it's still super cute!
Rated 5 out of 5 by broadwaykayy from Super cute! I LOVE this bag! It's a bit small, but I only need it for my phone and wallet - if you're someone that carries their life in their purse, this bag isn't for you. My only dilemma is that the material is super soft, but it can get dirty pretty easily if you're not careful.


The winning numbers for the estimated $ 687.8 million Powerball jackpot, the fourth largest in the lottery's history, were drawn Saturday night. This is the second astronomical lottery draw this week, with the $ 1.537 billion Mega Millions lottery drawn on Tuesday with one winning ticket sold in South Carolina. The winner or winners of the Mega Millions $ 2 ticket have not yet stepped forward publicly.
Someone purchased one of two Powerball tickets that hit the $ 688 million jackpot at a Manhattan deli.
The winning ticket is from South Carolina and now the wait is on to see if any other states have winners. ABC News' Kenneth Moton reports.


text:
BRIAN ALLOSSERY
and The Lazy Poets
© 2016-2017 Brian Allossery.
Lazy Poets Records/Concrete City Records
A country boy who lives for music, moves to the big city to be a part of it all. Listen to the CD "Everybody All Together" and experience the desires and conflicts, denials and fulfillments, as he pursues the dreams that inspired his generation and countless others: freedom, love, adventure and security.
Canadian (rock, pop, jazz) musician Brian Allossery blends genres, as he collaborates with a collective of talented Canadian musicians known as "The Lazy Poets", including Bob Egan (Blue Rodeo), Ray Coburn (Honeymoon Suite, Alannah Miles), Peter Nunn (Gowan) and Creighton Doane (Melanie Doane.)
"Crystal Ball" is the new single from the CD "Everybody All Together", which has received coast-to-coast Canadian airplay on CBC radio and commercial stations. It's currently being played on radio around the world (Australia, New Zealand, Netherlands, Turkey, Germany, the UK, Spain and Belarus).
ARE YOU PRESS?
GO TO EPK


text:
When Ignored, Minor Crimes Can Lead to Major Crimes
By Dan Cadman on October 29, 2014
My colleague Jessica Vaughan has laid out many of the weak points where immigration enforcement meets criminal law enforcement. Those weak points came to the fore with horribly tragic results in the murder of two California sheriff's deputies and the wounding of others by an illegal alien, Luis Enrique Monroy-Bracamonte — twice previously deported, a suspected gang member, and a serial lawbreaker.
Ms. Vaughan listed many questions still unanswered about Monroy-Bracamonte's case. The thing that I want to talk about, though, is the nexus between minor crimes and major crimes. Time and again, we have heard advocates for illegal aliens involved in so-called minor offenses provide excuses for their behavior and put forward suggestions for executive action from the president that would "legitimize" their theory of these presumably overlookable offenses. Monroy-Bracamonte is the textbook example of what is wrong with that theory.
Even police officials who should know better — such as the Salt Lake City police chief — are lured by this absurdity, and then take steps to substitute their judgment for federal law relating to what constitutes a deportable offense. This, in turn, leads to the release of recidivists such as Monroy-Bracamonte back to the street repeatedly until something happens that, as happened here, is horrible, tragic, and preventable.
It bears keeping in mind, though, that the state of California's hands are not clean either where it comes to substituting its judgment for that of our Congress in matters of immigration enforcement. It was not that long ago that Governor Jerry Brown signed the misguided TRUST Act, which lays down the conditions under which police officers should, or should not, honor detainers filed by federal immigration agents against aliens who have been arrested for crimes by state or local law enforcement officers.
With the TRUST Act in effect, it is easy to imagine that Monroy-Bracamonte's actions could very well have played out in reverse: picked up and released by California police or sheriff's deputies with no notification to, or intervention by, federal agents, leading to a double homicide in Utah. In fact, we should remember that the TRUST Act was enacted and signed despite a horrific triple murder committed by an illegal alien gang member in San Francisco (whose own police organizations hew to an even more stringent policy with regard to honoring immigration detainers than the state law).
Finally, I'd like to mention the "broken windows" theory of law enforcement that many major metropolitan areas, including New York City, subscribe to. The theory is that if one rigorously and vigorously polices against minor infractions, including vandalism, delinquency, trespassing and other public order crimes, the incidence of major crimes also diminishes because of the perception, by criminals and law-abiding alike, that law enforcement is serious and effective.
Yet these same metropolitan areas — again, New York being a prime (but by no means the only) example — fail to understand that the underlying principle also applies to immigration enforcement. Center Director Mark Krikorian has spoken to this in his recent posting at National Review Online.
When the police tell criminals in their custody with a wink-and-a-nod, whether at Riker's Island or elsewhere throughout the country, that they aren't going to give them up to immigration agents for removal, what message have these police officials really sent? Seems to me what they're saying is that they're willing to tolerate a certain level of lawlessness. Why be surprised, then, when that level escalates into violence and mayhem?
Topics: Criminal Aliens
Florida Enacts an Anti-Sanctuary Law
Cartel Members Claim Asylum After Fleeing Gun Battle
Attorney General to Consider the Consequences of State 'Judicial Nullification' of Immigration Laws
Pelosi's Questionable Take on the Census Citizenship Question
Is the President Using All the Chess Pieces Available to Him on "Fair Trade" Matters?
Improbable Fines and Alien Scofflaws


text:
'use strict';

import React, { Component } from 'react';

import {StyleSheet} from 'react-native';

import {
  ViroARScene,
  ViroText,
  ViroConstants,
} from 'react-viro';

export default class HelloWorldSceneAR extends Component {

  constructor() {
    super();

    // Set initial state here
    this.state = {
      text : "Initializing AR..."
    };

    // bind 'this' to functions
    this._onInitialized = this._onInitialized.bind(this);
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <ViroARScene onTrackingUpdated={this._onInitialized} >
        <ViroText text={this.state.text} scale={[.5, .5, .5]} position={[0, 0, -1]} style={styles.helloWorldTextStyle} />
      </ViroARScene>
    );
  }

  _onInitialized(state, reason) {
    if (state == ViroConstants.TRACKING_NORMAL) {
      this.setState({
        text : "Hello World!"
      });
    } else if (state == ViroConstants.TRACKING_NONE) {
      // Handle loss of tracking
    }
  }
}

var styles = StyleSheet.create({
  helloWorldTextStyle: {
    fontFamily: 'Arial',
    fontSize: 30,
    color: '#ffffff',
    textAlignVertical: 'center',
    textAlign: 'center',
  },
});

module.exports = HelloWorldSceneAR;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Javascript Validation Form I am working with a form that has a catcha image. When a user fills out the form, and presses submit ( and only when the captcha number is wrong) the fields are reset or cleared. How can I prevent this from happening?
If a visitor fills out the form, presses submit, the expected behaviour is theform is submitted, or if the captch number is wrong, retain the information that the visitor had input in the fields and ask the visitor to fill in the correct captcha number...
Here is the js:
function MM_validateForm() { //v4.0
if (document.getElementById){
var i,p,q,nm,test,num,min,max,errors='',args=MM_validateForm.arguments;
for (i=0; i<(args.length-2); i+=3) { test=args[i+2]; val=document.getElementById(args[i]);
  if (val) { nm=val.name; if ((val=val.value)!="") {
    if (test.indexOf('isEmail')!=-1) { p=val.indexOf('@');
      if (p<1 || p==(val.length-1)) errors+='- '+nm+' must contain an e-mail address.\n';
    } else if (test!='R') { num = parseFloat(val);
      if (isNaN(val)) errors+='- '+nm+' must contain a number.\n';
      if (test.indexOf('inRange') != -1) { p=test.indexOf(':');
        min=test.substring(8,p); max=test.substring(p+1);
        if (num<min || max<num) errors+='- '+nm+' must contain a number between '+min+' and '+max+'.\n';
  } } } else if (test.charAt(0) == 'R') errors += '- '+nm+' is required.\n'; }
} if (errors) alert('The following error(s) occurred:\n'+errors);
document.MM_returnValue = (errors == '');
} }

A: When you want to prevent the default behaviour you've to use a callback function like this:
function onsubmit_handler(evt) {
    if (/* validation is ok */) {
       return true;
    }
    else { /* validation is not ok */
       evt.preventDefault();
       return false;
    }
}

yourfom.onsubmit = onsubmit_handler;

A: Am I correct in believing that the captcha is validated (only) on the server after a successful validation by the JS (i.e., not via an Ajax call in the form submission event handler)? Am I further correct in believing that you're doing a true HTML form submission instead of an Ajax form submission in the background?
If both of those are true, then the problem probably isn't in your JavaScript at all (I say "probably" only because you could conceivably have a JS function that clears all the form fields on load or something like that). You're submitting the form to the server, the server looks at the captcha, sees that the answer is wrong, and displays the form again -- with blank values. You need to change your server code to include the user's previous answers as value attributes (or selected options or whatever as appropriate for the element type) when it writes the form after a server-side validation failure.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Author Archives: scottyparker15
Power like Pujols?
I do not believe that celebrity always means having power. Power is the ability to influence someone's behavior. The ability to have power and influence people is there but based on how the famous person acts and behaves their power may or may not exist. For example Lindsay Lohan was very popular and was a huge superstar in the movie world and many people were interested to hear what she had to say about politics and many other things like that. Then she became addicted to drugs and alcohol and now she is just seen as a regular person. Nobody really cares what she has to say anymore because her power is now gone. She as seen as an average person now and nobody takes her seriously. She is still a celebrity and is still famous but she is in the headlines for all of the wrong reasons. Even though she is still famous her opinion is now seen as useless and pretty much gets disregarded by the rest of society. It depends on what the definition of a celebrity really is, which very broadly can be put as someone who is popular and has a public fascination about them. Now we can look at the sports world, everyone who plays a professional sport is considered to be a celebrity. Take a guy Like Albert Pujols for example, he is one of the best players in baseball and everything he does and says is taken seriously and affects the general sports fan and could change their feelings about a certain topic. But we can also look at a player who is not the best but is still a celebrity, for example a guy like Nick Markakis of the Baltimore Orioles. He is a great young player but not many people care what he has to say. Maybe it is because he isn't the most popular guy but nonetheless he is still a celebrity making millions of dollars. He just doesn't have that "It" factor and not many people listen to what he has to say. So while I think that many celebrities have power and can help change how the public views things, being a celebrity does not always mean having power when it comes to present day society.
by scottyparker15
Public relations?
My definition of public relations is the promoting of someone or something in order to give it a better public image. This always included communication between people in order to get their message out to the public. In today's society there is a need to have a great public imagine which is why everyone tries to hide all the negative stories about famous people. Evidentially those always come out and the famous person disputes it and says it is false which is known as crisis public relations. Public relations is meant to be positive but with so many advances in technology such as smart phone it is very easy to catch someone doing something wrong. A good example of public relations in its intended manner would be Tim Tebow. People always say good things about him and he is viewed as a great role model and has an excellent public image which helps his organization the Denver Broncos have a better image which in turn leads to them gaining more fans and making a bigger profit.
Everyone will do what they feel society wants them to do, they feel that they need to be recognized in the media to be successful. They want to feel loved by everyone and they want society to feel bad for them if something goes wrong for them. In reality i think society should not feel bad at all because these people are filthy rich and should not complain at all, for example Kim Kardashian
"Every personal quality, and every blessing of fortune, is cherished in proportion to its capacity of gratifying this universal affection for the esteem, the sympathy, admiration and congratulations of the public".
-C. Wright Mills
"Rather than being celebrated because they occupy positions of prestige, they occupy positions of prestige because they are celebrated" (C. Wright Mills)
This can be easily related to in current society, people are famous for no reason excpet the way they look and act. For example take the Jersey Shore members, all they do is get drunk and have fights and now they are making tons of money for really doing nothing. For some reason people love this junk and idolize these people and to me that is just sad.
"Look so bizarre and so extreme that the truck drivers gasp but the ever-present cameraman will be bound to flash a bulb"- C. Wright Mills
This means that it does not matter how people dress as long as you are famous, for example Lady Gaga and other women dress up in things that are not even considered clothes. If a regular person did that they would be mocked and be seen as deviant, but if a famous person does it they get worship ed.
The Focal Point
"As personalities of national glamour, they are the focal point of all the means of entertainment and publicity"- C. Wright Mills
This quote means that anyone who is famous and looks appealing will get all of the attention they want from society. Even if they do not really do anything in life they will still be famous for how they look.
C. Wright Mills states that, "This is the queen-the all-American-girl-who, whether she be debutante or fashion model or professional entertainer, sets the images of appearance and conduct which are imitated down the national hierarchy of glamour…" (81). I find this quote still true to this day, society tells us what we have to look like, and if you do not look that way then you are ugly and not appealing. Since all models are skinny people feel they need to be as well and if someone is not skinny then they are ugly
Lindsey Vonn is an Olympic champion who kept her hot streak going with a victory in the World Cup Super-G. This event took place in her hometown Colorado, after she won the race she did something not many people expected, but many people did enjoy it. She was Tebowing, and many fans went crazy when they saw her. She is just the latest famous person to start Tebowing.
Von Miller is a rookie starting lineback for the Denver Broncos, some people say one person can't make a difference in a team game. But when you look at his impact it has been huge, he has 10 sacks as a rookie and puts pressure on the QB all day long. This in turn has helped the rest of the defense play better leading to the Broncos becoming a better team trying to make the playoffs. Just like in different life scenarios one person indeed can make an impact and change the whole culture of an organization.
Tebow Magic
There is something special about this Tim Tebow kid, he does not always look pretty when playing football but at the end of the day you know he is going to get the job done. He is now 5-1 as a starter for the Broncos and has them right in the thick of the playoff race. If Tebow leads them to the playoffs it will just continue the thought of this Tebow Magic


If ever there was a "white whale" of pistols, the Sokolovsky Automaster would be it. Often described in publications and advertisements as being "The Rolls Royce of Auto Pistols", the Automaster was the creation of inventor Paul J. Sokolovsky.
"Firearm pneumatic slide decelerator assembly"
"Singulating apparatus for a semiautomatic firearm"
Click here to see all Sokolovsky Automaster pistols currently for sale on GunBroker!


text:
Q: React Nested Object State management issue This is the initial state data
[
 {
  data: Array(3)
    0: {validationID: 'CAe6ao89NqST2s1xF4jBe', name: '', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'if', value: ''}
    1: {validationID: 'fm_d94bcxfEL_fZqrXI2s', name: '', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'then', value: ''}
    2: {validationID: 'yI4mmDRwYpyb50b87sZTN', name: '', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'else', value: ''}
  id: "4iVnSR2nbzWMZNcPjlEg5"
 }
]

My action payload is like
{id: '4iVnSR2nbzWMZNcPjlEg5', name: 'test', validationID: 'CAe6ao89NqST2s1xF4jBe'}

And it should update my state for id 4iVnSR2nbzWMZNcPjlEg5 and validationId CAe6ao89NqST2s1xF4jBe
{validationID: 'CAe6ao89NqST2s1xF4jBe', name: 'test', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'if', value: '', …}

My below reducer.ts consoles the proper state, but I am missing something in return that leads to eventually it doesn't update the state
export const validationReducer = (
  stateValidation: KeyedValidationProperty[],
  action: PropertyAction
) => {
    switch (action.type) {
        case PropertyActions.ADD_CONDITIONAL_PROPERTY:
          return stateValidation.map((x) => {
            if (x.id === action.payload.id) {
              return x.data.map((e) => {
                if(e.validationID === action.payload.validationID){
                  console.log({ ...e, ...action.payload })
                  return { ...e, ...action.payload };
                }
               return e;
              })
            }
            return x;
          });

        default:
          return stateValidation;
      }
   }

This only returns below object, dropping the id and data
  0: Array(3)
    0: {validationID: 'CAe6ao89NqST2s1xF4jBe', name: 'test', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'if', value: ''}
    1: {validationID: 'fm_d94bcxfEL_fZqrXI2s', name: '', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'then', value: ''}
    2: {validationID: 'yI4mmDRwYpyb50b87sZTN', name: '', conditionType: 'Const', conditionCat: 'else', value: ''}

A: You're missing a return here x.data.map((e) => {
Should be return x.data.map((e) => {
Also you're missing a return outside the nested if
If your condition is not true, you're not returning anything
Should be
return x.data.map((e) => {
  if(e.validationID === action.payload.validationID){
    console.log({ ...e, ...action.payload })
    return { ...e, ...action.payload };
  }
  return e;
})

A: I was missing the property spread notation ... which resulted only returning the map return object
return stateValidation.map((x) => {
        if (x.id === action.payload.id) {
          return {
            ...x,
            data: x.data.map((e) => {
              if (e.validationID === action.payload.validationID) {
                return { ...e, ...action.payload };
              }
              return e;
            }),
          };
        }
        return x;
      });


text:
HomeReportsHuman Rights Reports...Custom Report - dc26779f8f
e. Status and Treatment of Internally Displaced Persons
g. Stateless Persons
Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Norway is a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. The government consists of a prime minister, a cabinet, and a 169-seat parliament (Storting), which is elected every four years and may not be dissolved. The monarch generally appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister with the approval of parliament. Observers considered the multiparty parliamentary elections in 2017 to be free and fair.
The national police have primary responsibility for internal security. Police may call on the armed forces for assistance in crises. In such circumstances the armed forces operate under police authority. The National Police Directorate, an entity of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security , oversees the police force. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Members of the security forces did not commit any abuses.
There were no reports of significant human rights abuses.
The government had mechanisms in place to identify and punish officials who may commit human rights abuses.
There were no reports that the government or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings. The Police Directorate holds investigative and prosecutorial powers for the general public, but an independent national body investigates and prosecutes accusations of misconduct by police and prosecutors. The military police have jurisdiction over military personnel.
There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities.
The constitution and law prohibit such practices, and there were no reports that government officials employed them.
Impunity was not a significant problem in the security forces.
There were no significant reports regarding prison or detention center conditions that raised human rights concerns.
Physical Conditions: The country has no detention centers for pretrial prisoners. By law authorities must transfer all detainees from police stations to prisons within 48 hours; they usually make the transfer within 24 hours. Prisons generally met international standards, and there were no major concerns regarding physical conditions or inmate abuse.
A report on the 2018 visit by the Council of Europe's Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT) found that, in the Bodo, Ila, and Ullersmo Prisons, remand prisoners subjected to court-ordered full isolation were usually locked in their cells for 22 hours a day, had very limited contact with staff, and were offered one hour of outdoor exercise (alone) and one-hour access to a fitness room (alone). The Ministry of Justice and Public Security reported only eight cases of prisoners in court-remanded total isolation, down from 19 in 2018. This was the lowest number of prisoners in the 12 years of data provided by the Ministry of Justice and Public Security.
The CPT delegation observed, "major problems in the prisons visited in transferring severely mentally ill prisoners to psychiatric hospitals."
Administration: Authorities conducted proper investigations of credible allegations of mistreatment. At the Bodo and Ullersmo Prisons, newly arrived prisoners waited sometimes for several weeks before receiving visits due to delays in obtaining the necessary clearance for their visitors.
Independent Monitoring: The government permitted visits, including unannounced visits, by independent human rights observers.
Improvements: Representatives of Amnesty International Norway noted that a separate ward for prisoners in need of psychiatric care had been established at Ila Prison.
The constitution and law prohibit arbitrary arrest and detention and provide for the right of any person to challenge the lawfulness of his or her arrest or detention in court, and the government generally observed these requirements.
The law requires warrants authorized by a prosecutor for arrests. Police may make an arrest without a warrant if any delay would entail risk of injury to police or civilians or damage to property. If police arrest a person without a warrant, a prosecutor must consider as soon as possible whether to uphold the arrest. Detainees must be informed of the charges against them immediately after an arrest, and, if the prosecutor wishes to detain suspects, he or she must arraign them no later than three days after arrest. There were no reports that these rights were not respected. The arraigning judge determines whether the accused should be held in custody or released pending trial. There is a bail system, but it was rarely utilized. Officials routinely released defendants, including nonresident foreigners, accused of minor crimes pending trial. Defendants accused of serious or violent crimes usually remained in custody until trial.
By law authorities should provide detainees access to a lawyer of their choice before interrogation or, if the requested lawyer is unavailable, to an attorney appointed by the government. The government pays the attorney fees in all cases. Criminal detainees benefited from legal aid if the period of police custody was expected to last more than 24 hours (for adults) or 12 hours (for juveniles). Consequently, it was not uncommon for criminal suspects to be subjected to police questioning without a lawyer present.
The law mandates that detainees be transferred from a temporary police holding cell to a regular prison cell within 48 hours. There were no reports that these rights were not respected.
The law provides that a court must determine whether and for how long a detainee may be held in solitary confinement during pretrial detention.
The constitution and law provide for an independent judiciary, and the government generally respected judicial independence and impartiality.
The constitution and the law provide for the right to a fair and public trial, and an independent judiciary generally enforced this right. Defendants enjoy a presumption of innocence and the right to be informed promptly of the charges against them. Trials were held without undue delay. Defendants have the right to be present at their trials. Defendants also have the right to counsel of their choice at public expense, to adequate time and facilities to prepare a defense, to free assistance of an interpreter as necessary from the moment charged through all appeals, to confront and question adverse witnesses, and to present their own evidence and witnesses. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or to confess guilt. They have the right to appeal.
There were no reports of political prisoners or detainees.
Individuals or organizations may seek civil remedies for human rights violations through domestic courts. They may appeal cases alleging violations of the European Convention on Human Rights by the government to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) after exhausting all avenues of appeal in domestic courts.
The government and the Jewish community reported that Holocaust-era restitution was not an issue. No litigation or restitution claims regarding real or immovable property were pending before authorities. The Department of State's Justice for Uncompensated Survivors Today (JUST) Act report to Congress, released publicly on July 29, 2020, can be found on the Department's website: https://www.state.gov/reports/just-act-report-to-congress/.
The constitution and law prohibit such actions, and there were no reports that the government failed to respect these prohibitions.
On June 16, the National Institute for Public Health stopped the use of a contact-tracing application for mobile telephones to track COVID-19 infections introduced on April 16 after an injunction by the Data Protection Authority. The Data Protection Authority raised concerns about personal data protection and criticized the application's use of GPS. Amnesty International Norway found that the application collected too much data and sent it to a server in Ireland, making the information available to foreign countries and actors.
The constitution and law provide for freedom of expression, including for the press, and the government generally respected this right. An independent press, an effective judiciary, and a functioning democratic political system combined to promote freedom of expression, including for the press.
Freedom of Speech: The law prohibits "threatening or insulting anyone, or inciting hatred or repression of or contempt for anyone because of his or her: (a) skin color or national or ethnic origin; (b) religion or life stance; (c) sexual orientation or lifestyle; or (d) disability." Violators are subject to a fine or imprisonment for not more than three years.
The Supreme Court handed out two decisions related to the hate speech law during the year. In one case the court affirmed a sentence of 24 days' conditional imprisonment and a fine related to Facebook comments telling a public figure to "go back to Somalia" and calling her a "cockroach." In the other case, the court ruled that enforcement of the hate crime law would not weaken a free and open public debate. Individuals were punished for Facebook comments including "Fatherland is most important" and "it is probably better that we remove these rats from the surface of the earth."
In June the new Freedom of Expression Commission met for the first time and focused on examining the social, technological, legal, and economic frameworks for free speech.
Freedom of Press and Media, Including Online Media: Independent media were active and expressed a wide variety of views without restriction. The prohibitions against hate speech applied also to the print and broadcast media, the publication of books, and online newspapers and journals.
The government did not restrict or disrupt access to the internet or censor online content, and there were no credible reports that the government monitored private online communications without appropriate legal authority.
The Norwegian National Institute for Public Health stopped the use of a contact-tracing application for mobile telephones two months after its national introduction to track COVID infections following an injunction by the Norwegian Data Protection Authority (see section 1.f.).
There were no government restrictions on academic freedom or cultural events.
The constitution and law provide for the freedoms of peaceful assembly and association, and the government generally respected these rights.
The law provides for the right to assemble peacefully, and the government generally respected that right. In August there were complaints of excessive use of force when police in riot gear used tear gas and pepper spray on counterdemonstrators at a rally by the organization Stop the Islamization of Norway (SIAN) in Bergen after counterdemonstrators jumped police barriers and physically assaulted the SIAN leader. Police cut short a separate SIAN protest in Oslo the following week after using tear gas on counterdemonstrators to curb violence.
See the Department of State's International Religious Freedom Report at https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/.
The law provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, and the government generally respected these rights.
The government cooperated with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other humanitarian organizations in providing protection and assistance to refugees, returning refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons, and other persons of concern.
Refoulement: In 2017 a UNHCR report found that Afghan families with children, and unaccompanied and separated Afghan minors are regularly denied status on the presumption they could find protection in a different locale in Afghanistan from their home area, despite deteriorating security situations. As of August 31, the government had returned seven rejected asylum seekers to Afghanistan.
Access to Asylum: The law provides for the granting of asylum or refugee status, and the government has established a system for providing protection to refugees.
The nongovernmental organization (NGO) Norwegian Organization for Asylum Seekers (NOAS) continued to criticize the country's Internal Flight Alternative, which considers whether a potential asylum seeker first attempted to flee to another part of their country of origin before claiming asylum in Norway.
NOAS criticized the perceived lack of openness and transparency in the Immigration Appeals Board, an agency of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security. It noted the board's strict criteria to hear cases and that only 8 percent of asylum seekers were granted a hearing with the appeals board. The applicant cannot appeal a final decision by the appeals board, but the appeals board may make a final decision based on an issue that was not originally in question, which removes the applicant's opportunity to respond to the board's grounds for rejecting the case. The Immigration Directorate, also an agency of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security, stated 75 percent of asylum applications were granted protection in the initial review.
make a final decision based on an issue that was not originally in question, which removes the applicant's opportunity to respond to the board's grounds for rejecting the case. The Immigration Directorate, also an agency of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security, stated 75 percent of asylum applications were granted protection in the initial review.
Refugee groups raised concerns over a lack of consistency across the government's determinations. For example, although the Directorate of Immigration deems a few regions of Afghanistan to be dangerous, the Appeals Board considers all of Afghanistan to be safe without an individual fear of persecution.
The closure of borders in response to COVID-19 and UNHCR's decision to pause its resettlement program affected the government's ability to meet its commitments. The Immigration Directorate was unable to send personnel to coordinate with UNHCR over the selection of UN quota refugees for three months. The Immigration Directorate reported arrivals in April and May were just a quarter of what could be expected under normal circumstances (an average of 10 asylum seekers a week against 40 in 2019). The Immigration Directorate moved to Skype interviews for refugees in May to work through the 800 planned refugees from internment camps in Libya. A possibility of doing more hearings through Skype concerned NOAS, because digital platforms would be a problem for the refugees in terms of communication, expressing their case, and translation.
As of August 27, the country received 264 UN quota refugees of their commitment of 3,015, and the Immigration Directorate reduced its estimates for the year from 3,000 to 1,200 asylum seekers. In June the head of UNHCR in Greece criticized the government for stating that it would not participate in the program until at least 10 of the 12 other participating countries met their pledged goals for UN quota refugees. The government announced it would accept 50 refugees from the Moria camps in Greece following fires in the camps in September.
The Immigration Directorate granted asylum in almost 600 outstanding Somali refugee cases that had been pending since 2016.
Safe Country of Origin/Transit: The country is party to the EU's Dublin III regulation, which allows the government to transfer asylum seekers to the European country determined to be responsible for adjudicating the case. Dublin returns were temporarily halted as a health and safety precaution in response to COVID-19.
Freedom of Movement: The law permits detention of migrants to establish their identity or to deport them if authorities deem it likely the persons would evade an order to leave. The detention is limited and subject to judicial review.
Durable Solutions: The government offered resettlement for refugees in cooperation with UNHCR. The government's Directorate of Immigration had several programs to settle refugees permanently in the country.
Through the International Organization for Migration, the government assisted the return of unsuccessful asylum seekers to their countries of origin through voluntary programs that offered financial and logistical support for repatriation. Identity documents issued by either the Norwegian or the returnee's government are required in order to use this program. The government continued routinely to offer migrants cash support in addition to airfare to encourage persons with rejected asylum claims to leave the country voluntarily.
Individuals granted refugee status may apply for citizenship when they meet the legal requirements, which include a minimum length of residence of seven of the previous 10 years, completion of an integration course on Norwegian society, and successfully passing a language test.
The government continued to provide welfare and support for refugees living in the country as part of the government's Integration Goals program administered by the Ministry of Children and Families. In order to facilitate the transition of immigrants into productive members of society, refugees, are eligible for programs designed to provide Norwegian language instruction, job training, job placement, access to schools and universities, and basic instruction for living in the country's society. Refugees and asylum applicants have access to welfare benefits for short-term or long-term housing and medical care, and are provided direct access to, or financial support for, necessities such as food, clothing, basic entertainment, and public transportation. Children are eligible to attend public schools and preschools as if they were citizens, and there are programs for children who have recently arrived and need language assistance prior to entering the regular education system.
A new law allowing dual citizenship entered into force. Eligibility for citizenship is no longer contingent on renouncing one's prior citizenship.
Temporary Protection: As of the end of July, the government provided temporary humanitarian protection to 45 individuals who may not qualify as refugees. Permits for temporary protection may be renewed and can become permanent. The government provided temporary protection to fewer than five unaccompanied minors, who were granted residence permits in the country until the age of 18. NOAS continued to raise concerns that the temporary protection for these minors expires when they turn 18, even though the circumstances that led to the determination of their need for humanitarian protection remain unchanged.
According to UNHCR, 2,372 stateless persons lived in the country at the end of 2019; they were not counted as refugees. According to the Directorate of Immigration, at the end of August an additional 81 stateless asylum seekers lived in reception centers, a decrease of 50.6 percent from the same period in 2018. Of these, 28 persons had permission to stay, and 87 were under orders to leave the country. The remainder continued the asylum application process.
The law does not contain any express guarantee under which persons born in the country who would otherwise be stateless can obtain Norwegian nationality. The Directorate of Immigration does not interpret statelessness as an independent ground for obtaining a residence permit in the country under the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Statelessness. The Directorate of Immigration may grant residency in cases where practical obstacles to return were beyond the control of the person concerned. UNHCR and NOAS recommended that the country create a stateless definition in its law.
A joint UNHCR-government 2017-21 strategy on statelessness acknowledged the need to improve statistical data on statelessness. The Directorate of Immigration did not have data on stateless asylum seekers for the year.
The constitution and law provide citizens the ability to choose their government in free and fair periodic elections held by secret ballot and based on universal and equal suffrage.
Recent Elections: Observers considered the parliamentary elections held in 2017 to be free and fair.
Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit the participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate.
The law provides criminal penalties for corruption by officials, and the government generally implemented the law effectively. There were no reports of government corruption during the year.
Financial Disclosure: By law income and asset information from the tax forms of all citizens, including public officials, must be made public each year. Failure to declare properly may result in up to two years in prison. Each year ministers and members of parliament must declare their income, assets, liabilities, outside employment, and holdings in public companies. Ministers may face fines for noncompliance, but the law does not provide formal sanctions for members of parliament. Disclosures made by ministers and members of parliament are publicly available on the parliamentary website within 20 days of disclosure. Civil servants face fines if they fail to disclose any conflict of interest during decision-making processes. Ministers, members of parliament, and civil servants must disclose any employment obtained within a year after leaving public service.
A variety of domestic and international human rights groups generally operated without government restriction, investigating and publishing their findings on human rights cases. Government officials often were cooperative and responsive to their views.
Government Human Rights Bodies: The country has ombudsmen for public administration (the parliamentary ombudsman), children, equality and discrimination (the equality and antidiscrimination ombudsman, or LDO), and health-care patients. Parliament appoints the parliamentary ombudsman, while the government appoints the others. All ombudsmen enjoyed the government's cooperation and operated without government interference. The parliamentary ombudsman and the LDO hear complaints against actions by government officials.
Although the ombudsmen's recommendations are not legally binding, authorities usually complied with them.
Parliament's Standing Committee on Scrutiny and Constitutional Affairs reviews the reports of the parliamentary ombudsman, while the Standing Committee on Justice and Public Security is responsible for matters relating to the judicial system, police, and the penal, civil, and criminal codes.
The National Human Rights Institution (NIM) is an independent body funded by the parliament. NIM submits an annual report to parliament on human rights in the country. By advising the government, disseminating public information, promoting education and research on human rights, and facilitating cooperation with relevant public bodies, it makes recommendations to help ensure that the country's international human rights obligations are fulfilled.
Rape and Domestic Violence: The law criminalizes rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and the government generally enforced the law. The penalty for rape is up to 21 years in prison, depending on the severity of the assault, the age of the victim, and the circumstances in which the crime occurred. Most cases resulted in sentences of three years and four months in prison. The Military Police's annual survey released in May showed an increase in gender-related and sexual offenses in the armed forces from 30 in 2018 to 57 in 2019.
The law provides penalties of up to six years in prison for domestic violence and up to 21 years for aggravated rape. Violence against women, including spousal abuse, was a problem. A government white paper on the police noted that the number of sexual offenses increased dramatically from 2003 to 2018 with a trend towards internet-based offenses. The government generally enforced the law, although the foundation Oslo Crisis Center continued to criticize the conviction rate (approximately 10 percent) as too low.
The government had programs to prevent rape and domestic violence, and offices within the police districts offered counseling and support to victims. All police districts had a domestic violence coordinator. The government continued to implement its three-year Action Plan against Rape that focuses on prevention, improvements of care and services to victims, and improvements to the judicial system. The National Police Directorate oversees the implementation of the national action plan and submits annual reports on the trends in the prosecution of rapes and sexual violence.
Public and private organizations operated 47 government-funded shelters and managed five 24-hour crisis hotlines. Victims of domestic violence have a right to consult a lawyer free of charge before deciding whether to make a formal complaint. If the government initiates criminal proceedings, the victim is entitled to free assistance from a victim's advocate. Victims may also qualify for a one-time payment from a government-sponsored fund.
Sexual Harassment: The law provides that "employees shall not be subjected to harassment or other unseemly behavior," and the government effectively enforced this provision. The law applies to employers with as few as 20 employees and requires companies to incorporate the activity and reporting obligations into the boards of public limited companies. Employers who violate the law are subject to fines or prison sentences of up to two years, depending on the seriousness of the offense. The Discrimination Tribunal has the authority to enforce sexual harassment cases more in line with other cases of discrimination and harassment and puts an onus on public authorities to work actively for gender equality and prevention of harassment, sexual harassment, and gender-based violence. The costs and resources needed to bring such cases to court have been barriers to victims seeking redress in all but the most egregious cases.
The government and the armed forces implemented measures to counter sexual harassment in the military after a 2018 survey highlighted unwanted sexual behavior. The attorney general worked with the armed forces to develop better guidelines for prosecuting cases of sexual harassment.
Reproductive Rights: Couples and individuals have the right to decide the number, spacing, and timing of their children. All individuals have the right to manage their reproductive health and had access to the information and means to do so, free from discrimination, coercion, or violence. All individuals had access to skilled health attendance during pregnancy and childbirth. The government provided access to sexual and reproductive health services for survivors of sexual violence.
Coercion in Population Control: There were no reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization on the part of government authorities.
Discrimination: Under the law public and private authorities must advance gender equality in all areas of society. The law mandates that 40 percent of the members of boards of directors of publicly listed companies be women, requires companies to incorporate the activity and reporting obligations into the boards of public limited companies, and applies to employers with as few as 20 employees to be women. Companies largely complied with the law.
Although women have the same legal status as men, they experienced discrimination in terms of gaining employment as well as discrimination in the workplace itself (see section 7.d.). As of September the Equality and Discrimination Ombudsman received 169 complaints of gender discrimination as well as 137 complaints related to parental leave. The Equality and Discrimination Ombudsman noticed a downward trend in reported discrimination cases, which was believed to be related to the COVD-19 pandemic.
Birth Registration: Citizenship is derived from one's parents; children born in the country do not automatically become citizens. All birth clinics in the country reported births to a central birth register and provided the parents with a birth certificate. The birth certificate does not confer citizenship.
Child Abuse: The law criminalizes child abuse, and the government generally enforced the law. In 2019 the Department of Children, Youth, and Family Affairs initiated 46,864 investigations of alleged child abuse and completed 46,946 investigations. By the end of 2019, the government's Child Welfare Services assisted 54,592 children, of whom 44,821 received in-home assistance, while 9,771 were removed from their family home.
In June parliament instituted a nationwide children's welfare mediation process, which the Department of Children, Youth, and Family Affairs had piloted in five counties since 2016. The mediation process brings the parties together under the authority of county social welfare boards that are involved in a judiciary capacity, but in a far less formal setting than a courtroom. The parties speak directly rather than through lawyers (although they may have lawyers present) and participate on a voluntary basis with the goal of avoiding lengthy court cases.
During the four-year mediation process pilot, two-thirds of cases were either withdrawn or resulted in an agreement between parents and the child welfare service. Only one-third of cases required continued court hearings.
As of August the ECHR ruled that the government violated the European Convention on Human Rights in seven child-welfare cases and acquitted it in two. The ECHR had on hold 31 open cases against the Child Welfare Services pending the results of the government's appeal of two of the seven judgments against it. In May the ECHR accepted the government's treatment plan after refusing an earlier plan in a 2018 case involving a Romani child.
Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The minimum legal age for marriage in the country is 18 for both women and men.
Sexual Exploitation of Children: Commercial sexual exploitation of children younger than 18 is illegal, both in the country and abroad when committed by a citizen of the country. In both cases the punishment is either a fine or a prison sentence of up to two years. Child pornography is also illegal and punishable by a fine or a prison sentence of up to three years. The government generally enforced the law. In 2019 there was a 22-percent decrease in the number of reported cases from 2018. A judge set a November trail date for a male employee at a school in Oslo accused of taking around 100 photos of boys in the shower at the swimming pool and cyber bullying a boy between 2017 and 2019. According to the indictment, police found 10,600 unique media files that sexualize children on his computer. The minimum age for consensual sex is 16.
International Child Abductions: The country is a party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. See the Department of State's Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases.html.
At least 1,500 Jews lived in the country, 809 of whom belonged to Jewish congregations. The government does not keep statistics that require citizens to report their religion.
Jewish community leaders reported the public and government generally supported the community although they acknowledged incidents of anti-Semitism. In July the director of public prosecutions declined to bring a case to the Supreme Court after a court of appeals in March acquitted three men of hate speech charges arising from a 2018 incident when they raised a Nazi flag outside the site of a World War II Gestapo headquarters. Antiterror police arrested and deported a man who lived in the country since 1991 for alleged links to a Palestinian group that carried out the 1982 attack on the Jo Goldenberg restaurant in the Parisian Jewish Quarter in 1983, which killed six and injured 20 persons.
Three members of the Nordic Resistance Movement handed out hate propaganda outside an Oslo synagogue on Yom Kippur, the most holy day of the Jewish calendar. A leader in the synagogue said anti-Semitism was being downplayed.
According to NGOs and research institutes, including the University of Oslo, the Institute for Social Research, and the Jewish community, hate speech on the internet against ethnic minorities and religious groups continued to be a problem. The government continued to implement measures from its Action Plan against Anti-Semitism 2016-2020 and provided 16 million kronor ($1.7 million) in funding through the year's budget. The action plan provided programmatic support and coordination towards integrating anti-Semitism education into all schools, supporting Jewish museums and cultural institutions, funding research on anti-Semitism and Jewish life, and public advocacy programs to combat anti-Semitism.
See the Department of State's Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/.
The constitution and law prohibit discrimination against persons with disabilities, and the government effectively enforced and implemented these provisions. The law mandates access to public buildings, information, and communications for persons with disabilities. All children up to the age of 15 have the right to attend the school closest to their home. The government provides a right to education supports upon the completion of a needs assessment. Two out of three children with disabilities who need additional educational supports receive additional instruction outside their classroom.
According to the Office of the Equality and Antidiscrimination Ombudsman, as of September it received 207 complaints of discrimination based on disability.
During the year the government released a strategy to ensure equality for persons with disabilities. The 10-year strategy aims to reduce discrimination and increase access and opportunities to housing, transportation, employment and health care as well as participation in cultural and social activities.
There is no official registry of Sami in the country. As of 2018 government statistics showed that 55,544 persons lived in the areas defined as "Sami," in the northern part of the country. In addition to participating freely in the national political process, the Sami elect their own parliament, the Samediggi, which exercises certain administrative and financial powers according to the law. In 2017, a total of 16,958 registered for the Sami parliamentary elections. Members of the Sami parliament also represent their constituents in international fora and organizations such as the Arctic Council and the United Nations. Elections for the Sami parliament follow the national election schedule and last took place in 2017.
The constitution provides a right for the Sami to safeguard and develop their language, culture, and community. NGOs and Sami officials continued to express concern over Sami children's lack of access to Sami language education due to a lack of qualified teachers. This year's annual government report on the Sami language, culture, and community announced the government's plans to work with the Sami parliament and technology companies to make the Sami language more easily accessible.
The Sami remained concerned about high levels of domestic violence within Sami communities and a lack of cultural understanding and training by police and social welfare services which has rendered many domestic violence prevention, treatment, and criminal justice programs ineffective. They continued to express concern about damage to their traditional reindeer grazing areas and migratory routes by land development and extractive industries. They also objected to what they considered to be inadequate consultation by the government regarding restrictions on the maximum size of their herds.
The Sami have a right under the law to consultation on the use of a large land area. Under the law three of the six members of the council to determine the proper usage of the land must be Sami. As the government moved to develop greater wind-power capabilities, the Sami raised concerns about the use of their land. Reindeer avoid the wind turbines, which leads to limited grazing areas and increased density in remaining areas. The government stated it takes the reindeer industry and the Sami parliament into account when considering proposals for new wind projects.
The Sami Council, with delegates from nine member organizations in Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Russia, held a hearing in February on a possible new railway to the Arctic Ocean via Oulu and Rovaniemi in Finland to Kirkenes. During the hearing Sami reindeer herders from Finland and Norway said they would veto such a railway project. Aili Keskitalo, President of the Norwegian Sami Parliament, pointed to areas in north Sweden and Norway where trains kill hundreds of reindeer annually.
The law prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in housing, employment, citizenship law, and access to government services such as health care. While violence motivated by discriminatory attitudes towards transgender persons is not considered a hate crime, crimes based on discriminatory attitudes towards sexual orientation can be treated as aggravating circumstances.
According to NGOs and research institutes, including the University of Oslo, the Institute for Social Research, and the Organization for Sexual and Gender Diversity, hate speech on the internet against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender, and intersex persons continued to be a problem.
In 2019 the number of hate crimes rose to 278 from 175 in 2016. Hate crimes targeting Muslims rose from 19 to 46 during the same period, and during 2018 and 2019 religious hate crimes were only directed at Muslims, according to police. Media and the Norwegian Center against Racism reported continued anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant sentiment in society. During the summer SIAN held multiple protests that were faced by larger groups of counterdemonstrators. The Center against Racism, other NGOs, and politicians urged individuals not to give SIAN the attention it was seeking.
On June 11, Philip Manshaus was sentenced to 21 years in prison for the attempted terrorist attack on the al-Noor Islamic Cultural Center outside of Oslo and the murder of his stepsister in August 2019. The sentence is the maximum permitted under the law and the strictest ever to be given.
According to NGOs and research institutes, including the University of Oslo, the Institute for Social Research, and the Center against Racism, hate speech on the internet against religious groups continued to be a problem.
On September 23, the government launched its Action Plan against Discrimination of and Hate against Muslims. The four-year plan responds to recent studies showing an increase in negative attitudes towards Muslims in the country, the terrorist attack against the al-Noor Islamic Center, and the increasing threat from right-wing extremists as assessed by the Police Security Service in its annual threat assessment. The plan contains 18 measures focusing on research and education, dialogue across religious communities and police initiatives such as registration of hate crimes towards Muslims as a separate category in the crime statistics.
The law provides for the right of workers, including migrant workers (those who have a work permit in the country), to form and join independent unions, bargain collectively, and conduct legal strikes. The law prohibits antiunion discrimination and requires reinstatement of workers fired for union activity.
The right to strike excludes members of the military and senior civil servants. With the approval of parliament, the government may compel arbitration in any industrial sector if it determines that a strike threatens public safety. Trade unions criticized the government for intervening too quickly in labor disputes.
The government effectively enforced applicable laws. The penalties were commensurate with those for other laws involving denials of civil rights, such as discrimination.
The Global Rights Index compiled by the International Trade Union Confederation noted a sporadic violation of workers' rights in the country. In one instance, after a collective agreement ended a 35-day strike of Norse Production workers in 2017, the owners bankrupted the company, established a new subcontractor at the same location with the same management, and did not rehire any of the unionized workers, nor did the company renew the collective agreement. A 2019 court decision found that the company clearly violated the workers' rights and ordered the company to pay 19.5 million kronor (two million dollars) in financial loss and redress to the 45 plaintiff workers.
The law prohibits all forms of forced or compulsory labor, and the government effectively enforced laws against it. Penalties were commensurate with those for other analogous crimes, such as kidnapping. A maximum sentence of up to six years' imprisonment for offenses involving adult victims and up to 10 years' imprisonment for offenses involving child victims were commensurate with analogous crimes. In 2019 police received 62 reports of violations of the labor law, 10 violations of other related laws, and no reports of forced labor from the Norwegian Labor Inspection Authority (NLIA).
Also see the Department of State's Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/.
Children between the ages of 13 and 15 may be employed up to 12 hours per week in light work that does not adversely affect their health, development, or schooling. Examples of light work include assistant work in offices or stores. Children younger than 15 need parental permission to work, and those older than 15 can work as part of vocational training, as long as they are supervised. Between the ages of 15 and 18, children not in school may work up to 40 hours per week and a maximum eight hours per day. The law limits work by children who remain in school to only those hours "not affecting schooling" without specific limits, but less than 40 hours per week. Child welfare laws explicitly protect children from exploitive labor practices. The government effectively enforced these laws, and both civil and criminal penalties were commensurate with those for other analogous serious crimes, such as kidnapping.
While employers generally observed minimum age rules, there were reports that children were trafficked for forced labor (see section 7.b.). Children were subjected to forced begging and criminal activity, particularly drug smuggling and theft. Commercial sexual exploitation of children also occurred. There were also reports of children forced to work as unpaid domestic help.
The law prohibits discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. The government effectively enforced the law and invoked penalties when violations were discovered. Penalties were commensurate with laws related to civil rights, such as election interference.
Discrimination in employment and occupation occurred with respect to gender and ethnicity. The law provides that women and men engaged in the same activity shall receive equal wages for work of equal value. In 2019 women earned on average 12 percent less than men on a monthly basis, according to the Directorate for Children, Youth, and Family Affairs, which also reported that 36 percent of women and 15 percent of men worked part time in 2019, the most recent year for which data were available.
Equally qualified immigrants sometimes had more difficulty finding employment than nonimmigrants. As of August the unemployment rate among immigrants was 13.7 percent, compared with 4.9 percent among nonimmigrants, according to Statistics Norway. African immigrants had the highest unemployment rate at 18.1 percent, followed by Asians at 15.4 percent, immigrants from eastern EU countries at 14.6 percent, and South and Central Americans at 14.1 percent.
The law does not mandate an official minimum wage. Instead, minimum wages were set in collective bargaining agreements. Statistics Norway used 60 percent of the median household income after tax for the relative poverty limit. In 2017, the most recent year for which data were available, 11.2 percent of the population had an income below the poverty limit.
The law provides for premium pay of 40 percent of salary for overtime and prohibits compulsory overtime in excess of 10 hours per week. The government effectively enforced the laws and penalties were commensurate with those for similar crimes, such as fraud.
The law provides the same benefits for citizens and foreign workers with residency permits but forbids the employment of foreign workers who do not have residency permits. The law provides for safe and physically acceptable working conditions for all employed persons. The NLIA, in consultation with nongovernment experts, sets occupational safety and health standards. These standards are appropriate across all sectors of the industry in the country. The law requires enterprises with 50 or more workers to establish environment committees composed of management, workers, and health-care personnel. Enterprises with 10 or more workers must have safety delegates elected by their employees. Workers may remove themselves from situations that endanger health or safety without jeopardy to their employment; authorities effectively protected employees in this situation.
The NLIA effectively enforced laws and standards regarding acceptable work conditions in the formal sector. The number of labor inspectors was sufficient to enforce compliance. The NLIA may close an enterprise immediately if the life or health of employees is in imminent danger and may report enterprises to police for serious breaches of the law. A serious violation may result in fines or, in the worst case, imprisonment. The penalties for violations of occupational safety and health laws were commensurate with those for similar crimes, such as negligence.
Members of National/Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups


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China's latest debt-for-equity swap scheme has its sceptics
Cinda seems set for another rescue mission
For nearly a week in the summer of 1999, senior officials from thousands of state firms queued up at the State Economic and Trade Commission's main office in Beijing. The State Council had just announced a new policy allowing state banks to swap bad debt for equity stakes in ailing state-owned enterprises (SOEs).
SOE bosses from all over the country wanted a piece of the new programme. "Competition was very intense as everyone wanted to take part," an official recalled in the Economic Observer this week. "However, only more competitive SOEs with stronger corporate governance stood a chance of being picked."
The State Economic and Trade Commission eventually recommended 601 state firms and restructured debts worth Rmb460 billion. Many of the luckier firms survived the economic downturn following the 1998 Asian financial crisis.
However, the credit crunch contributed little to the financial health of the state banks. By 2003 the biggest banks were technically bankrupt with bad loan ratios surpassing 30%. So the country's four major asset management companies (AMCs, or 'bad banks' in newspaper parlance) stepped in and took over a large chunk of their non-performing assets.
The restructuring rejuvenated the banking system but left the AMCs (which are financially backed by the Ministry of Finance, aka Chinese taxpayers) as shareholders in many malfunctioning state firms.
Take Cinda, one of the four AMCs. When it went public in Hong Kong in late 2013, it had an equity portfolio in 400 or so state firms. At best, Cinda will likely get back 25% on the dollar on its portfolio (see WiC220).
Earlier this month the State Council gave the green light to yet another debt-equity swap scheme. If history repeats itself, does that mean more problems for Chinese lenders, and a nightmare to come for the investors in AMCs such as Cinda and Huarong?
These are the questions that have been raised ever since the Chinese cabinet released its guidelines for the deleveraging of the Chinese financial system. The announcements came in two statements from the State Council, one on cutting corporate debt and the other on how state lenders should swap their non-performing loans for equity.
The State Council made plain its view that only companies with "temporary difficulties" but "long-term potential" will be eligible for the programme. Zombie SOEs, those only surviving on government subsidies, and companies with bad credit records will be forbidden from participating, the government says. "The scheme will not be a free lunch from the government and banks cannot be forced to conduct the swaps," Xinhua insists.
There have been different projections on the true state of China's indebtedness. According to the Bank for International Settlements, the country's debt-to-GDP ratio was as high as 254.8% last year. Caixin Weekly, which cited undisclosed figures from the Chinese central bank, says that corporate debt amounts to roughly $18 trillion, or 160% of the Chinese economy.
"The State Council's latest guidelines have made deleveraging SOEs a criterion in evaluating the performance of government officials," Caixin Weekly reports.
Unlike the previous programme in 1999, banks cannot convert debt into equity directly this time. Instead the debt has to be transferred through an "execution agency". As well as the AMCs, insurers and other financial institutions are being encouraged to serve as these agencies, raising funds from public investors (including selling bonds) to purchase the assets in question.
"All in all the central government wants to buy time for the banks and for the broader economic reforms," a banking official told the Economic Observer.
This hugely ambitious process of balance sheet re-engineering is underway already. The country's biggest tin producer and exporter, Yunnan Tin Group, sealed a debt-to-equity swap deal with China Construction Bank (CCB) on Sunday. The state lender agreed to convert about Rmb10 billion of Yunnan Tin's debt into equity owned by a new fund. CCB itself will only make a small investment in the fund and the rest of the money will be raised from institutional investors, like the four AMCs, the pension funds and the National Social Security Fund.
More deals are set to follow. CCB said it had approached more than 50 companies that could convert debt to equity.
"Yunnan Tin could become the poster child for the Chinese government's latest efforts to cut corporate leverage," Caixin Weekly notes.
In fact Yunnan Tin was one of the previous beneficiaries of the debt-to-equity swap programme in 1999. Cinda and Huarong, both listed in Hong Kong, became shareholders as a result of the conversion. Both AMCs cashed out last year and made a return of almost 300% on their original investments.
That may sound like good going for some Chinese investors. But other observers are sceptical about the current plan, and the fact that a leading commodity producer has required not one but two bailouts in as many decades.
"Many people in China think the tool will turn bad debt into bad equity," Xu Bin, professor of economics and finance at the China Europe International Business School in Shanghai, told the Wall Street Journal.
Foreign rating agencies also warn that the new rules allow the debt-to-equity swaps to be funded by "social capital" including mutual funds and wealth management products. The banks are tangled up in many of these asset classes too, so it isn't clear whether they will retain a lot of their exposure to corporate debts through ownership structures that lack transparency. For example, the banks' exposure to many of the troubled companies might simply move off-balance sheet, if bank-linked wealth management products are used to fund the equity swaps, said Fitch.
Planet ChinaLightbulb moment
Auto IndustryIs SAIC's runaway advertising budget worth it?
EntertainmentA movie made by public security ministry proves a surprise box office hit
And FinallyFurore over yet another fixed soccer match
Ask MeiWhy my Chinese friends prefer Donald Trump
More on China Construction Bank
Treasure or trash?
Chaos in Cushing as Chinese investors are hit hard by oil price collapse
On borrowed time
China's banking sector braces for the impact of another round of stimulus
Big banks get a telling off
State Council warns banks not to penalise smaller borrowers


Global Campaign for Safer Phones Kicks Off!
Environmental Health Trust (EHT), a nonprofit organization dedicated to identifying and controlling environmental health hazards, is set to launch its Global Campaign for Safer Cell Phones in a dozen nations in Canada.
Devra Lee Davis, PhD, MPH, President of EHT, will mark the launch of the campaign with a lecture on April 9 at 2:00 pm at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Lecture Hall 205, in Toronto, Canada. In addition to discussing the campaign's goals, Dr. Davis will release a new pamphlet prepared by physicians on cell phone safety, as well as a set of creative warning stickers to be placed on phones.
Determined to protect children from the dangers of cell phone irradiation, Dr. Davis conceived the Campaign to serve as a model for communities across the US and around the globe. Via the EHT website (www.ehtrust.org), the campaign provides access to a toolbox of free downloadable materials such as "safety cards" that list safer cell phone practices, appealing to teachers, health care professionals, parents, and students alike.


You've heard of Chicken Marsala, Chef puts a new spin on this classic dish. The sauce is a rich blend of flavors, creamy with just a hint of Dijon and Marsala wine, served over a bed of pasta. Chef begins the class with a preparation of a Fresh Spinach Salad with Beets and Chicken Main dish is accompanied by Wild Mushrooms. Complimentary wine is served with this delicious Chicken class!


With Home Energy Management still being an emerging market full of changes and challenges, understanding the extent of Home Energy Management isn't always straightforward. Many Home Energy Management references only include a fragment of what Home Energy Management encompasses (like DR). So what is Home Energy Management?


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La Vida Boca
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Professionally Speaking
Home Profiles The Law Offices of Robin Bresky
The Law Offices of Robin Bresky
Robin Bresky
Focusing On Appellate Matters, Litigation Support And Estate Planning
Attorney Robin I. Bresky has dedicated herself to appellate law, handling civil, administrative and criminal appeals as well as providing litigation and trial support. For nearly 20 years, she and her team of experienced attorneys have crafted appeals for their clients.
"We read the trial record, determine the important information and craft a compelling written argument," Bresky says. "When seeking to affirm or overturn a trial court's ruling, it's vital to get an objective view of the matter."
Since founding her Boca Raton firm, The Law Offices of Robin Bresky, in 2000, she has steadily built a statewide practice, handling both state and federal appeals. Her firm recently added estate planning services alongside its longtime focus on "black letter" appellate law and litigation support for personal injury, commercial cases, family law and other matters. Prior to opening her firm, Bresky was a prosecutor with the Broward County State Attorney's Office.
A recognized leader in the legal profession, Bresky serves on the Board of Governors of The Florida Bar and is a former president of the National Conference of Women's Bar Associations. She is also past president of the Florida Association for Women Lawyers at both the state and chapter level and past president of the South Palm Beach County Bar Association.
Bresky has written numerous professional articles on appellate law and has served on the board of Legal Aid Society of Palm Beach County for 12 years.
On Jan. 23, her firm will present Bresky Bash 2020: A Concert for Community, raising funds for the legal aid society. The doors open at 6:30 p.m. for this high-energy musical show at Mizner Park Amphitheater, and food trucks will be available. Decades Rewind will present a 90-minute crowd-pleasing, "dancin' in your seats" concert with top hits from the '80s back to the '60s.
"Please mark your calendar for this event," Bresky says. "Legal Aid Society of Palm Beach County deserves our support for serving clients who otherwise would not be able to access our system of justice."
The Law Offices of Robin Bresky is located at 150 E. Palmetto Park Road, Ste. 340, Boca Raton. For more information, call 561-994-6273 or visit breskylegal.com.
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The Marple Neighbourhood Forum AGM will take place on Saturday 15th September 2018 at the United Reformed Church on Hibbert Lane, starting at 10am and finishing at 12 noon.
After the AGM business there will be an open forum to discuss the six key themes of the Plan. These themes are included in the draft Neighbourhood Plan which is currently out for consultation and there are several ways in which you can respond.
Further details about the AGM and how to respond to the Neighbourhood Plan consultation are explained in the latest Neighbourhood Plan newsletter - see HERE.
The AGM is a public meeting, free of charge and everyone is welcome.


I've tried everything. Nothing seems to work, and troubleshooting faq's are worthless. Nobody seems to know what the error codes are. Any help would be appreciated.
Kind of. I was supposed to play the Alpha but was getting the Mike 20240078 error code show up for the duration of the alpha each time I would hit the A button to login to the servers. Well, now I am getting them again. I might just cancel my order for the game and get a refund, this is ridiculous.
It's nothing against you guys individually. i know you guys are swamped with questions and going your best to solve everything, but just the way Ubisoft has the support is not the most ideal. Two guys to answer 10k questions is overwhelming. Yeah, I reset my router and modem, tried to port forward, uninstalled and re-installed, tried exiting out the game. I thought that maybe the email I had associated with the uplay account wasn't associated with my microsoft account so I matched them and still nothing.


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Mark Stevens > Deacons > Hong Kong, Hong Kong > Lawyer Profile
Deacons Offices
Select office Beijing Guangzhou Shanghai Hong Kong
5TH FLOOR, ALEXANDRA HOUSE
18 CHATER ROAD, CENTRAL
Email firm Visit website 852 2825 9211 852 2810 0431
+852 2825 5192 mark.stevens@deacons.com View profile
Mark has approximately 30 years' experience specialising in cross-border M&As, private equity and venture capital investments, joint ventures and a range of commercial projects.
In a career spanning more than three decades, Mark has worked with clients in the Asia Pacific region on their inbound and outbound M&A, joint venture, private equity and other commercial transactions. He has broad sector experience working on transactions involving logistics, trading, sourcing, retail, fast moving consumer goods, real estate, hospitality, e-commerce, publishing and natural resources. His clients include blue chip listed and private entities, private equity funds as well as public utilities and statutory bodies.
Member, The Law Society of Hong Kong
Member, The Law Society of England and Wales
Convener of panel of examiners for the Company and Commercial Head of the Overseas Lawyers Qualification Exam
LSFE, College of Law, Chester (1991)
CPE, College of Law, Chester (1990)
BSocSc, Money, Banking and Finance, University of Birmingham (1989)
Hong Kong > Commercial, corporate and M&A: independent Hong Kong law firms
Deacons has a long track record of handling complex, high-value corporate transactions, including acting on inbound and outbound M&A, take-privates and business reorganisations. In addition to its work for multinationals entering the PRC market, the group also acts for public and private HK companies across sectors including financial services, real estate, consumer goods and technology. The group is jointly headed by Ronny Chow, who leads the corporate finance team, and Machiuanna Chu, who is also head of the corporate and commercial sub-team; and it was bolstered with the hire of Mark Stevens who joined from Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP in September 2o22. Alexander Que is another name to note and takes the lead on privatisation.
Commercial, corporate and M&A: independent Hong Kong law firms - Hong Kong
Commercial, corporate and M&A: independent Hong Kong law firms
Capital markets (debt)
Capital markets (equity)
Corporate (including M&A)
Dispute resolution: international arbitration
Dispute resolution: litigation
Domestic and International Corporate Tax