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Antioxidant Activities of Pistacia atlantica on Meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss Kept at 4°C
Nahid Khademi1, Seyed Ali Yasini Ardakani1,*, Majid Morovati Sharifabadi2
1Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran;
2 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shoushtar, Shoushtar, Iran;
3Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
Received date: August 12, 2016; Accepted date: November 29, 2016; Published date: December 07, 2016
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Background: Fish, meat is prone to lipid oxidation. The present study was done to research the antioxidant effects of P. atlantica on meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss kept at 4°C.
Methods and findings: P. atlantica was purchased, dried and its methanolic extract was extracted. Meat samples were dipping on the P. atlantica extract for 30. Samples were kept at 4°C for 20 days. Chemical properties were analyzed. DPPH radical scavengering of P. atlantica was 34.3 ± 5.92%. The pH was pointedly higher in control group than P. atlantica on days 15 and 20. Highest levels of PV were determined on the 20th day of storage for control group (5.21 ± 0.44 meq 02/kg fat). Fish slices treated with P. atlantica had the lower incensement of TBA and TVB-N during storage.
Conclusion: Chemical oxidation of the meat of Oncorhynchus mykiss can decrease using the essential oil of the P. atlantica.
Pistacia atlantica; Antioxidant activities; Rainbow trout; Refrigerator.
Meat of the Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is an excellent food choice because of presence of a lot of components such as essential fats like omega-6 and omega-3, proteins, vitamins like niacin, thiamin and vitamins B12, B6 and E, minerals including potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and selenium and amino acids. Besides, this product has a low content of harmful fats such as cholesterol, monoenoic and trans polyenoic fatty acids and also calories which make it suitable for all age groups [1-3].
Meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss is generally marketed at cold temperatures (about 4°C). However, this type of storage causes a lot of types of harmful changes in the chemical components of fish meat which cause corruption, quality discount and financial losses. Chemical changes occurred in the meat of the rainbow trout are usually removed by application of synthetic antioxidants. Inappropriately, use of synthetic and chemical anti-oxidative agents had so many harmful effects including deficiency in supporting properties, mutagenicity effects and financial issues [4-7]. However, using from natural anti-oxidants like the essential oils of medicinal plants solves this issue.
Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) (Bene) is an innate plant and/or fruit of Iran which has a rich history in an ancient medicine. Essential oil of the P. atlantica has been recently presented as an extremely steady complex with anti-oxidative property [8-11]. Its main components are carotenes, tocopherols, unsaponifiable matter and alcohols which have considerable antioxidant actions equal to vitamin E [8-11]. Numerous surveys have been described considerable anti-oxidative action of P. atlantica essential oil [8-11]. It is also improve the nutritional index of foods [8-11].
Rendering to the considerable anti-oxidative properties of P. atlantica, its considerable rate in Iran and deficiency of available information on its application on the meat of Rainbow trout, the current examination was done to investigate the antioxidant actions of P. atlantica on the meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss kept at 4°C.
2.1 Fruits and extraction of essential oil
From August to September 2015, fruits of P. atlantica were purchased from the groceries of Khouzestan, Iran. Fruit's identification was done at the herbal plant research center (Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran) by an skillful professor. P. atlantica fruits were dried using oven (40°C, 24 h) and crowded in paper bags. Samples were then kept for further applications at Food Science Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Iran. Powder of dried fruits was achieved by crushing. Each gram of powder were then solved on 20 ml of solvent and then lightly enthused for 48 h. Extracts were then filtered (paper filter, No. 1, Whatmann) and a rotary evaporator (60°C) was used for solvent elimination. Crude extract of fruit was finally dissolved in 3 ml of methanol.
2.3 Classification of rainbow trout
Fifty healthy and equal size Oncorhynchus mykiss were bought from the farms of the Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province, Iran. All of them were transported using the cold water. Fishes were then killed by cold shock. Head and fins of samples were cut and their abdominal contents came out. They were cut into slices with approximately weigh of 110 g and were then divided into two groups of treatment and control. Fish slices of the treatment group were dipping in 1:2.5 proportion of methanol extract (with concentration of 1000 ppm) for 30 min and then packed in vacuum bags (low-density polyethylene, 75 μm thickness) using the Boos N84 device. Then they were kept at 4°C for 20 days. Fish slices of the control group were packed in similar conditions deprived of any plunging process. Fish slice samples of groups were arbitrarily taken on 0th, 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th days of holding and examined for chemical properties.
2.4 Chemical and anti-oxidative examination
The pH was determined using digital pH meter (Model 420A; Orion Research, Beverly, Massachusetts, USA) regarding to the process designated recently [12]. For this, 10 g of samples was homogenized with 50 ml of distilled water and the electrode was dipped into the suspension to note down the pH.
DPPH radical scavengering
The DPPH radical scavengering of P. atlantica methanol extract was perfumed using the method described by Yen et al. [13]. Acid ascorbic was the standard component of reaction [14]. Radical scavengering activities of extract were achieved using to the below formula:
Peroxide value analysis
Peroxide value (PV) was achieved by the assay to the AOAC International instruction [15]. 5 g of samples were heated at 60°C for 3 min using the water bath. Materials were then agitated with 30 ml of acetic acid–chloroform solution (3:2 v/v). Whatman filter paper was then used for vacuum filtration of samples. A total of 0.5 ml aaturated potassium iodide solution was added to the materials of the previous stage in a burette of an automatic titrator (DL 25 Titrator, Greifensee, Switzerland) contained stirrer and pH electrode. PV was achieved using the below formula.
Analysis of total volatile based-nitrogen
Total Volatile Nitrogen (TVB-N) was achieved by the instruction of FOSS (2002) [16]. Distillation after adding magnesium oxide to homogenized slices was used for the micro diffusion. TVB-N values in mg N/100 g slices were distinguished using the Kjeltec 2300.
Analysis of thiobarbituric acid
The 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method was done using the assay determined by Schmedes and Holmer (1989) [17]. 10 g of slices were mixed with 25 ml of trichloroacetic acid (w/v) with purity of 20% and homogenized in blender. Samples were then filtered and added to equal volume of aqueous TBA (2 ml) in a purity of 0.02 M and incubated in dark place at room temperature for 20 h. Finally, absorbance of samples was measured at 532 nm using spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, USA). The unit of measurement was mg malonaldehyde (MA) per kg sample slice.
Arithmetical examination
All examinations were done for four times. Arithmetical examination was done using the SPSS.ver 20, ANOVA and Duncan's tests. P<0.05 was determined as arithmetical level of significancy.
3.1 DPPH radical scavengering activity
The percent of the DPPH radical scavengering of methanol extract of P. atlantica was 34.3 ± 5.92% (Table 1).
3.2 pH analysis of samples
Changes in the levels of pH in meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss preserved with methanol extract of P. atlantica through maintenance period were shown in Table 2. Levels of pH in control and P. atlantica treatment groups had the ranges of 6.65 to 6.74 and 5.65 to 6.16, respectively. The pH of control and P. atlantica did not show any momentous alteration up to 10th day of maintenance, but it was significantly higher (P<0.05) in control than P. atlantica on days 15 and 20.
3.3 Peroxide value analyses
Inhibitory effects of the DPPH free radicals (%)
Methanolic extract (with concentration of 1000 ppm) 34.3±5.92
Table 1: Average ofDPPH radical scavengering effects of themethanolic extract ofPistacia atlantica.
Average levels of pH
5th day
10th day
Control 5.65±0.14a 5.37±0.07a 5.78±0.02a 6.25±0.12a 6.74±0.06a
Pistacia atlantica 5.65±0.09a 5.19±0.08a 5.28±0.04a 5.39±0.14b 6.16±0.07b
Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
Table 2: Changes in the levels of pH in rainbow trout meat samples treated with methanolic extract of Pistacia atlantica during 20 days
Average levels of PV (meq 02/kg fat)
Control 1.14±0.013a 6.85±0.21a 3.69±0.26a 4.13±0.36a 5.21±0.44a
Pistacia atlantica 1.14±0.011a 3.72±0.018b 2.84±0.2a 2.08±0.14b 4.15±0.39b
Table 3: Changes in the levels of peroxide value of rainbow trout meat samples treated with methanolic extract of Pistacia atlantica during 20 days.
Average levels of TBA (mg malonaldehyde equivalent/kg tissue)
Control 0.24±0.017a 1.06±0.076a 1.36±0.098a 2.28±0.21a 2.19±0.17a
Pistacia atlantica 0.24±0.016a 1.23±0.082a 1.09±0.091b 1.06±0.010b 1.05±0.076b
Table 4: Changes in the levels of thiobarbituric acid of rainbow trout meat samples treated with methanolic extract of Pistacia atlantica during 20 days.
Average levels of TVB-N (mg N/100 g)
Control 11.47±1.18a 15.39±1.28a 16.90±1.32a 25.92±1.96a 38.16±2.77a
Pistacia atlantica 11.47±1.23a 13.71±1.21a 14.12±1.27a 15.23±1.45b 14.07±1.24b
Table 5: Changes in the levels of total volatile nitrogen of rainbow trout meat samples treated with methanolic extract of Pistacia atlantica during 20 days.
Table 3 signifies variations in the levels of PV of meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss treated with methanol extract of P. atlantica through maintenance period. There were no statistically significant changes for the PV among two groups in the first day, but it was significantly higher (p<0.05) in control than P. atlantica on days 5 to 20. The highest level of PV was determined on the 20th day of maintenance for the control group (5.21 ± 0.44 meq 02/kg fat), while the lowest was on the first day (1.14 meq 02/kg fat in both groups).
3.4 Levels of thiobarbituric acid
Changes in the levels of TBA of meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss treated with methanol extract of P. atlantica through maintenance period are shown in Table 4. The highest and lowest levels of TBA were determined on 15th maintenance day for the control group (2.28 ± 0.21 mg malonaldehyde equivalent/kg tissue) first day (0.24 mg malonaldehyde equivalent/ kg tissue), respectively. There were no statistically significant changes for the TBA value between control and treatment groups up to day 5, but it was significantly higher (p<0.05) in control than P. atlantica on days 10 to 20.
3.5 Levels of total volatile based-nitrogen
Changes in the levels of TVB-N of rainbow trout meat samples treated with methanolic extract of P. atlantica during 20 days are shown in Table 5. First day (11.47 mg/100 g) and 20th day (38.16 mg/100 g) had the lowest and highest levels of TVB-N, respectively. There were no statistically significant changes for the TVB-N value between control and treatment groups up to day 10, but it was significantly higher (p<0.01) in control than P. atlantica on days 15 and 20.
Fallouts of current study displayed that plummeting of meat slices of the Oncorhynchus mykiss in 1:2.5 relation of P. atlantica methanol extract for 30 min can lessen their chemical corruption. As far as we know, there were no beforehand available items about the anti-oxidative properties of P. atlantica on meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Oncorhynchus mykiss has slight carbohydrate in its meat. So, the levels of lactic acid are low in its meat [18]. This item caused its high range of final pH which prepares suitable conditions for its chemical and even microbial corruption. We found that the pH value was enhanced throughout the maintenance period. In addition, the levels of TVB-N have been increased during the storage period. The most important reason for incensement in the levels of pH during storage is due to the increase in the levels of TVB-N occurred by enzymes of bacteria and endogenous [19,20]. The pH of meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss is depend on the post mortem variations and environmental circumstances including coldness and warmness of weather, diet, seasons and stress [21]. Enhancement of the pH in the meat of Oncorhynchus mykiss has so many unwanted effects on odor, taste, color and other sensorial features which cause decrease in its the quality and shelf life [18,19]. The pH of treated group containing methanolic extract of P. atlantica was reliably lower than control group through the maintenance period which is due to the antimicrobial effects of P. atlantica. Similar findings have been reported by Sallamm et al. [22] and Raeisi et al. [23].
The PV is the most common measure of lipid hydroperoxides. It is also known as primary lipid oxidation product. The initial PV in the sliced rainbow trout analyzed was 1.14 (meq 02/kg fat) which was low. Treatment groups had the lower level of PV. However, the PV in all samples was well below the proposed acceptable level of 10–20 meq peroxide/kg fish fat through maintenance period [24].
TBA value is expected as a good marker for oxidation of lipids. High amount of unsaturated fatty acids and their facing with oxidative conditions cause increase in the level of TBA. This change may cause bitterness of fish meat which may lead to unwanted effect on quality of sea-food products [25]. The results of our study indicated that plummeting of meat slices of Oncorhynchus mykiss in P. atlantica extract diminish lipid oxidation which is derived from the antioxidant activities of P. atlantica. Another reason for this claim is decrease in penetrability of oxygen to the lipids of Oncorhynchus mykiss. Our conclusions are similar with other researches [26,27].
Presence of TVBN is an important indicator for corruption of meat of the Oncorhynchus mykiss [28]. Growth of some proteolytic bacteria increase through maintenance of meat off the Oncorhynchus mykiss. Activity of these bacteria leads to squalor of nonprotein nitrogen components and proteins. Gathering of TVB-N has unwanted effect on odor, taste, color and other sensorial features of Oncorhynchus mykiss [28]. Our findings revealed that plummeting of Oncorhynchus mykiss slices on methanol extract of P. atlantica had prohibitory effects on production of TVB-N.
In swift, we recognized a great quantity of antioxidative activities of the methanol extract of P. atlantica on meat slices of the Oncorhynchus mykiss. Levels of pH, PV, TBA, TVB-N markers in treated samples with P. atlantica were completely lesser. It is shown that application of methanol extract of the P. atlantica as an anti-oxidant agent can protect from the chemical corruption of Oncorhynchus mykiss and increase its shelf-life.
The authors would like to thank Prof. Ebrahim Rahimi at the Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord Iran, Mr. Manouchehr Momeni at the Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Iran for their important technical support. This work was supported by the Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran.
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The road to become an Executive Pastry Chef is full of competition; Chef Rahmat Kusnedi showed us some tips to be steps ahead.
However an Executive Pastry Chef doesn't see formal education as the main factor. "Don't worry about it. I am the living proof, I'm just a villager who came to big city for fortune, but I can prove my quality, even to Europe," stated CRK.
Realizing his disadvantage in education, CRK decided to make it up by pushing the pedal to the metal through working 2 shifts/day, "for the second shift, I work for free. I just want to learn and understand the situation in the evening shift," said CRK.
It is important to note that now is the time for efficiency. both owners and employees have to be able to address the issue accordingly. One of the most frequent object of the efficiency is the number of the staffs. As someone who has walked down the road as staff and owner, CRK has his own view.
"Owners won't desert their staffs, perhaps they have their own policies. Perhaps we can deal with this issue by giving more salary as long as the company has higher productivity and achievement. In developed countries, a person can do the job of 5 people. I can safely say that because I've experienced it on my own. When I worked in a cruise, every person has his own responsibilities and he has to do it on time," said CRK.
For example, when the budget is tight, you can propose breakthroughs, perhaps with the target-based production, what will be the reward when it's achieved, and what are the consequences when it didn't. "It's a win win solution. You have to give inputs and solutions, not just complaints. These kind of people will be sought after, that's what we call talent!" stated CRK.
Perhaps we see doctor as prestigious job, however, behind the white coat lies many unpleasant things. For example, taking care of people with infectious disease to autopsies to badly shaped corpses. The chef is not that different. Behind the tall hat, a chef has gone through many things, from cracking thousand of eggs, grating great number of chocolate, lifting flour sacks from storage rooms, and standing to the scolding of seniors.
"Before doing anything, I always conduct the SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) analysis, both for friends and enemies. My belief is that their weaknesses should be my strengths. You have to be able to identify your skill and mental capacity form the beginning. Can you stand the adversities? It's true that we got to have wide knowledge, but it doesn't come solely from formal education, it's more to your will to learn," stated CRK.
Having role models will encourage you in doing your daily activities, even better if you know them personally. "There was a time when seeing someone with back pants, black buttons, and tall hat was extremely cool for me. In the beginning it's like an unachievable dream for a D1 graduate like me. But along the way, my Chef at that time, Munawir Arifin, recognize my spirit and share much of his knowledge to me," CRK recalled.


In a previous blog post, I provided a number of Energy Harvesting example designs that could be modeled and simulated in SystemVision. These included electrodynamic, thermal and solar energy harvesting for Industrial IoT and Automotive applications. Subsequent to that posting, we added a rich new capability to SystemVision, "Live Designs". This unique capability supports embedding simulation-ready designs directly into any on-line content, such as articles, application notes, educational material, or even blogs! Readers can not only view the design and existing simulation results, but they can also change key parameter values and run new simulations and immediately see the results of those changes. So I thought it would be fun, for you the reader, to take that for a spin!
This first example shows an electrodynamic-based Kinetic EH System that could be used to extract energy from the vibration of an industrial motor or transformer.
This design contains mechanical, magnetic and electronic circuit elements, with energy conservation and cross-discipline dynamic interactions automatically included in the system model. The reader can directly specify the physical or behavioral characteristics of many of the components, including the mass of the armature, the stiffness of the resonant spring, the cross sectional area of the magnetic core, the number of winding turns, the resistor and capacitor values, as well as the set-point and drop-out voltage of the linear regulator.
In the nominal simulation results displayed on the schematic, the upper right waveform viewer shows the initial start-up of the system, with the amplitude of the external vibration source of 0.07 mm peak at 60 Hz, equivalent to a peak acceleration of 1 g. The nominal armature spring-mass resonance frequency is 60 Hz, and the armature displacement is seen to reach the frame's travel limit of 10 mm peak-to-peak!
In the upper left, the waveform viewer is zoomed-in near the 1 sec. simulation time mark. It shows the time-varying core flux density and winding voltage, as the two air-gaps expand and contract with armature displacement, rapidly changing the magnetic flux path's effective reluctance value. In the lower right waveform viewer, the DC output voltage from the Schottky diode full-wave rectifier and the linear regulator output voltage are observed. The periodic disturbance is caused by the switched load being applied to the system.
Since this is a Live Design, you can go ahead and double-click on any of the components that have parameter values highlighted in blue. You can make changes to those values then press the green "play" arrow to run a new simulation and see the results. Have fun!
In the near future, I'll be updating the other examples from my original blog (i.e. the thermal and solar energy harvesting systems) to be Live Designs. So keep checking back.


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Ben Cohen, who lives in the village, was part of the victorious Rugby World Cup squad who beat Australia in the final in Australia. The squad included four Saints players
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Whether Hampton Bays is your hometown, or you're simply visiting, you won't want to miss all of the great upcoming local events happening in the area! Hampton Bays has some of the hottest nightlife, attractions, and things to do on Long Island, and if you're looking to go out and have a good time, you won't have to go far. We've got the best upcoming events in Hampton Bays – from family fun activities, to singles and dating events, and everything in between – there's truly something for everyone to do in Hampton Bays, and across Long Island. Want to broaden your search a bit? Head over to the LongIsland.com Events Calendar for all of the upcoming events that are happening Island-wide, and you'll be sure to find something fun for you, your friends, and family to do! Have an upcoming local event in Hampton Bays? Be sure to add it to our Events Calendar, and it will be include on the Hampton Bays Events Page!
"Hats on for the Lyzon!"
David Elliston will be giving a lecture on the history ofthe New York World's Fair.
Steve Drielak, author of Murder Season in the Hamptons: Glowing Sands, will be giving a lecture.


University of Akron School of Law, J.D.
Sarah Thomas Kovoor has a law practice limited exclusively to criminal defense litigation on behalf of those charged with serious crimes and civil plaintiff litigation on behalf of those with catastrophic personal injuries. Attorney Kovoor is widely recognized as an experienced trial lawyer having handled over three dozen jury trials. Many of her cases have been nationally publicized both in television, radio, and print media, including The New York Times. Attorney Kovoor has been interviewed on The O'Reilly Factor with Bill O'Reilly, Inside Edition, The Greta Van Susteren Show, The Larry Elder Show, Good Morning America and other programs featured on ABC, CBS, FOX and CNN.
Many of her favorable verdicts were unexpected and a result of skilled jury selection, trial practice, and effective cross examination. Attorney Kovoor received her Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Rochester and received her Juris Doctor degree from the University of Akron School of Law.
A trial attorney with over seventeen years of experience in criminal law, Attorney Sarah Thomas Kovoor, a renowned, highly skilled litigator aggressively and zealously defends the rights and interests of individuals charged with crimes. Throughout her five years as an Assistant County Prosecutor for Trumbull County she successfully prosecuted child and sexual assault cases, drug cases, kidnappings, burglaries, felonious assaults, homicides, and capital murder cases. Today, in private practice as in government practice, she uses her trial practice skills, knowledge, experience and reputation to gain justice for her clients in state and federal courts. Your matter, whether it be a civil rights action, a wrongful death, or a murder case, will be handled with the professionalism and dedication it deserves.
Sarah is also the only criminal law practitioner in Warren, Ohio to offer a mobile service, which means she can come to you, wherever, whenever, 7 days a week. A former felony prosecutor will now be fighting for you!


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Sunk Submarines: Meet the Worst Recent Naval Disasters
April 30, 2021 Topic: Submarine Accidents Region: World Blog Brand: The Reboot Tags: Submarine AccidentsMilitaryNaval DisasterRussiaChina
Some of these accidents were dramatic than others, but they were all terrrible and deadly surprises.
by Stavros Atlamazoglou
Last week, the Indonesian submarine KRI Nanggala-402 went missing during a deep dive that was part of a training exercise. Despite the frantic rescue efforts of the Indonesian military and its local and international partners, including the US Navy, the sub went down with all hands.
This unfortunate instance highlights the dangerous nature of military exercises in general but also the real dangers submariners face on a daily basis. If something fails, theirs is a cold, dark, and suffocating death.
Submarine accidents are more common than you might think, given the no-room-for-failure aspect of the profession. Here's a brief list of the worst top-5 accidents of the last 21 years.
5) Russia, Nerpa (K-152)
In 2008, the Nerpa was going through its final sea trials before getting commissioned and officially joining the Russian Navy.
One fateful day, a mixed crew of civilians and sailors were on board the vessel, putting the submarine through a series of tests. Suddenly, the Nerpa's fire extinguishing system was activated, sealing the first two bow compartments, filling them with a fire-suppressant chemical, which ended up killing or injuring those who were trapped there. All in all, 20 people were killed and 41 injured.
Later, an investigation revealed that someone accidentally activated the fire extinguishing system. The Nerpa is now serving with the Indian Navy, having been leased to India in 2012.
4) Argentina, ARA San Juan (S-42)
In 2017, the ARA San Juan went missing during a routine trip from one port to another. With a crew of 44, the Argentinian submarine failed to reach its destination and to establish communications.
An international task force desperately tried to locate the missing vessel but to no avail. The British, bitter rivals of the Argentinians ever since the Falklands War of 1982, even sent a specialized unit to help in the efforts.
It would take a year for the search and recovery forces to find the missing submarine at the bottom of the sea. The reasons for its sinking are still under investigation.
3) Indonesia, KRI Nanggala-402
This Indonesian submarine went missing last week during a training exercise. It failed to make contact after a deep-sea dive approximately 60 miles off the coast of Bali. According to the Indonesian Navy, the submarine was scheduled to live-fire its torpedoes during the training event.
First sonar and then deep-sea remotely piloted vehicles showed that the Indonesian submarine suffered catastrophic damage when firing a torpedo, breaking up in three parts and taking its 53-man crew to the bottom.
2) China, Changcheng 361
In 2003, a fishing trawler found the Ming-class submarine sailing peacefully just above the waves close to North Korea. The Chinese fishermen tried to make contact with the submarine but failed. The Changcheng continued to float aimlessly until other warships arrived and discovered that all of its 70 crew was dead.
The Chinese Navy was unaware that the Changcheng had gone missing and that there was an emergency because it was participating in an exercise that simulated realistic battlefield conditions, in which subs might not surface and make comms for days–or even weeks–depending on their class, for fear of being compromised.
An investigation revealed that the engine had failed to shut when the submarine submerged and used all the oxygen.
1) Russia, Kursk (K-141)
Undeniably the worst submarine disaster of recent history and indeed one of the worst submarine accidents of all time.
In 2000, the Russian nuclear-powered guided-missile submarine went missing during an exercise in the Barents Sea. With a crew of 118, the massive Kursk was one of the more powerful submarines in the Russian fleet.
An investigation in the recovered submarine revealed that one of its torpedoes exploded while it was getting ready for launch by the Kursk's crew. The Russian submarine was using the Type 65-76A torpedo, designed to sink American aircraft carriers, which runs on hydrogen peroxide fuel–a highly volatile material. The explosion triggered a second, larger detonation of several nearby torpedoes. Contemporary reports state that the second explosion, which sunk the submarine, was so large that seismographic stations in Europe and Alaska picked it up.
Dramatically, 23 of its crew managed to survive both blasts and had barricaded themselves at the back of the sunk vessel. Despite frantic efforts to save them—newly-elected Russian President Vladimir Putin refused international help, including from the US Navy, for five days before eventually relenting to the domestic pressure—the crewmen died.
This first appeared on Sandboxx.us in 2021.


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Dad-to-be Whitlock plans to introduce baby to gymnastics
DOHA: Expectant father and five-time Olympic medallist Max Whitlock is passionate about introducing his baby to the sport as soon as possible.
The pommel horse world champion had announced in September that his wife Leah is expecting their first child in February.
Whitlock is one of the major stars on parade at the 48th FIG Artistic Gymnastics World Championships, which starts here on October 25.
"Gymnastics is one of the best sports to start in whether you are going on to make it your job or not, so I can't wait to take our baby down to the gym," Whitlock told Press Association Sport recently. "I hope they'll be able to come to as many competitions as they can. We didn't want to wait too long to have kids because I've always thought it would be nice for them to be old enough to come along and see me when I'm still competing."
With the new baby on the way, Whitlock definitely has an extra motivation to push his way back to the top at the Doha Worlds as he is surely not in a hurry to leave the stage anytime soon.
The 25-year-old Briton will be hoping to reverse a series of disappointing results which has seen his presumed dominance of the discipline challenged in recent months.
Whitlock, who became the first British man ever to win a World Championship gold medal, on the horse in Glasgow, Scotland, defended the title in Montreal, Canada, last year.
The exciting development in Whitlock's home life, however, has provided a timely distraction from the pressures of the gym, and it is something he hopes will help motivate his return to the top of his sport for some years to come.
"My priority has completely shifted to making sure Leah's OK and doing all the things she needs to be doing. As an athlete it's important not to be too stressed about your sport and this really does help re-set the balance," he said.
Uchimura hurts ankle, but ready to compete
Happy to be back after complicated surgery: Verniaiev


This book describes for the first time ever, the rise of the modern art of building with concrete in the different German territories stretching from Friesland to Pomerania and southwards from Bavaria to Baden during the first three quarters of the 19th century. Based on careful analyses of historic documents and literature, the book traces an engaging history of master builders, engineers, architects, theoreticians, chemists and inventors tracking the evolution of different building techniques, materials, studies and experiments concerning concrete. It analyses German master builders' consideration for classical building culture and for contemporaneous constructions observed in neighbouring countries. This narration starts at the turn of the 19th century with early scientific studies on cement, examples of rudimentary concrete used as filling material in small hydraulic foundations and attempts at producing mortar-based artificial stones and moulded objects. The account then follows the progression of cement and the abilities of master builders who worked with concrete until crucial evolutionary stages were reached in the 1870s. Early scientific theories about the chemical reactions in the production and hardening of cement were developed; concrete was finally used to build huge underwater foundations as well as entire houses; the production of mortar-based artificial stones and moulded objects became a significant manufacturing branch; the first standards for the production and sale of Portland cement were defined and officially implemented.


AirBins™ (Artificial Intelligence Radio Bins) are LoRa powered load and fill sensing Smart Bins. Vision: "Clear every Bin before it overflows".
I consent to receiving curated news about LoRa, Smart Bins and Waste Management via email (our current email frequency is one email update in every 3 months).


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Former 'Big Four' professionals join HNH expansion
Three senior professionals from Scotland's leading accountancy practices have come together to help drive HNH's expansion into the GB market. The new office will provide SMEs with access to some of Scotland's most senior corporate finance professionals, offering tier one advice and experience, but tailored to the needs of smaller and family-owned firms.
Based in Edinburgh's Charlotte Square, the new team consists of Neal Allen, Harry Linklater and Bruce Walker. Prior to joining HNH, Neal was head of M&A for KPMG Scotland, Harry was a partner in French Duncan LLP and Bruce led KPMG Scotland's debt advisory team.
The new team, which will initially focus on providing M&A, debt and transaction services, has already completed an advisory role for foodservice firm R&W Scott as well as a significant funding role in the distilling sector. Other clients have been drawn from financial services, manufacturing, building products and transport sectors.
Director Neal Allen said: "We're all excited to join HNH and build the business in Scotland by offering SMEs a new approach to corporate advice. While some business owners are rightly cautious because of Brexit and global economic concerns, many of our contacts, particularly in food services, are telling us they want to execute growth plans. By providing senior-level advice, which was previously viewed as the preserve of larger firms, we can help SMEs grow through potential headwinds by securing the right funding options, partners and acquisition targets."
Harry Linklater, Director. added: "Having developed client relationships over time with a focus on the Scottish SME sector, I'm keen to continue working with long-established contacts within a progressive advisory focused firm. As we build our presence in Scotland as HNH, we will leverage the firm's relationships with equity and debt funders across various locations, to offer the Scottish market something new and different."
Bruce Walker, who joins as a director at HNH after 25 years with KPMG, said: "The boutique business model at HNH allows us to react to clients' requirements quickly and to adapt accordingly. The entrepreneurial nature of the firm, investing in growth and expanding into new markets will, we believe, give us a natural affinity with the SMEs which make up a major part of the Scottish economy. Over the past eight years, HNH has built a strong reputation as a leading corporate finance practice in Northern Ireland. We are excited about building upon that in Scotland, where the mix of SME advisory opportunities fits well with the team's past experience and outlook."
HNH is a well-established, independent Northern Ireland-based company which works extensively with the directors and shareholders of entrepreneurial companies throughout the UK and Ireland. The company was ranked at the top of Experian's H1 Deal Activity Report, both in terms of deals completed and deal value in Northern Ireland.
Scottish clients will have access to its expertise in corporate finance, transaction services, business restructuring, taxation, forensic accounting and human capital. The new office represents a significant investment by the firm in establishing its first office outside Northern Ireland.
HNH recently advised Belfast-based IT support business CMI in its acquisition of London-based IT firm BTA. Funded by Panoramic Growth Equity in Glasgow the deal takes CMI's turnover to in excess of £11m. HNH expects the new Scottish office will help identify opportunities for more deals spanning the Irish Sea.
Craig Holmes, Managing Director of HNH, said: "This is an exciting move for HNH as we build on great foundations in Northern Ireland to extend our offering to Scotland. Assembling a team as strong as this demonstrates how confident we are in the Scottish economy. While initially focusing on M&A, HNH in Scotland will also have access to our business restructuring, tax advisory, forensic and human capital teams.
"The opportunity to hire three of the best networked corporate advisors in Scotland, with unsurpassed market knowledge and deal experience, and be the first to offer such senior expertise to the country's ambitious SMEs, is an innovative approach. By providing SMEs with access to a team of director-level experts with a hands-on ethos, we believe we can help our clients achieve and expand their goals."
We Are Hiring – Tax
New Addition to BAS Team


Read about the benefits to you and your institution as a member of ACCU.
The Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities is a membership organization made up of Catholic institutions of higher education across the United States and the world. Members are not-for-profit institutions whose primary mission is higher education and whose Catholic identity is verified in writing by The Official Catholic Directory, Vatican Index, or other credible source. ACCU serves its member campuses in a number of timely and critical ways, helping foster vibrant Catholic identity at member institutions, supporting cooperation among members, and responding to emerging member needs.
Membership renewal is open to ACCU member presidents only.
Presidents: Please sign in BEFORE clicking the "Renew Your Membership" button.
Membership with ACCU is institution-based and all individuals affiliated with member institutions may receive the benefits of membership. ACCU has four categories of membership: full, candidate, international, and affiliate. Below you will find the criteria for each of the respective categories.
• is approved by the ACCU Board of Directors after review by the Membership Committee.
A Catholic institution of higher learning that is not regionally accredited but in all other respects meets the criteria for Full Membership may become a Candidate Member of ACCU upon formal application, review by the Membership Committee, and approval by the ACCU Board of Directors. Candidate Membership is limited to a five-year period, unless extended by action of the Board of Directors.
To qualify for affiliate membership in ACCU, an organization must be a regional, national, congregational, or international not-for-profit association of Catholic colleges and universities, or a not-for-profit association of scholars or professionals from or working with such institutions. All applicants must focus, in part or in full, on strengthening Catholic identity in an affirmative, constructive manner. All organizations seeking membership must appear in the Official Catholic Directory or be connected to an organization(s) that is listed in such directory. Organizations that are engaged in peace and justice activities, Catholic mission and identity initiatives, and strengthening the religious charism of a religious order are particularly encouraged to apply. For more information, contact accu@accunet.org.


Course amends and reversed race direction are bound to impact tactics, as teams face new obstacles and challenges. Since it first began in 2007, the Abu Dhabi Adventure Challenge has always started in Abu Dhabi city, travelled west down the coast then east across the desert to Jebel Hafeet and the finishing line in Al Ain.
The 150km Merrel Eden Duo is a different type of adventure race in that navigation plays very little part in the race from your second attempt onwards since the same course is used every year. This results in a race that is higher paced than usual for a race of this distance and first-timers are at a distinct disadvantage compared to the veterans and locals.
The fourth edition of the Abu Dhabi Adventure Challenge (ADAC) starts in two weeks and, for the first time, three South African teams will compete. They'll race against a field of 50 teams – from over 20 countries – in the disciplines of mountain biking, sea kayaking, desert trekking and canyoneering.
Almost 60 elite and special interest teams applied for the 30 available spots in the Application Category to the Adventure Racing World Championships (ARWC) 2011 in Tasmania, Australia.
The Balele Tracks adventure race took place in the Wakkerstroom district on the weekend of 13/14 November 2010. The race had a shortest compulsory route of 100km, and a longer optional route of slightly over 160kms.
What do you get when you have two handfuls of adventurers assembled under a theatre roof – invited to talk on recent expeditions and topics related to adventure – with legendary runner Bruce Fordyce as the MC to introduce the speakers?


Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is primarily used to explore one single type of 'omics data (e.g. transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc) and identify the largest sources of variation. We often use PCA as a preliminary step to better understand the data.
Load the latest version of mixOmics.
Multidrug data set contains the expression of 48 known human ABC transporters with patterns of drug activity in 60 diverse cancer cell lines (the NCI-60) used by the National Cancer Institute to screen for anticancer activity. The data come from a pharmacogenomic study .
multidrug$ABC.trans data matrix with 60 rows and 48 columns. The expression of the 48 human ABC transporters for the 60 cell lines.
multidrug$compound data matrix with 60 rows and 1429 columns. The activity of 1429 drugs for the 60 cell lines.
multidrug$comp.name character vector. The names or the NSC No. of the 1429 compounds.
multidrug$cell.line a list containing two character vector components: Sample the names of the 60 cell line which were analysed, and Class the phenotypes of the 60 cell lines. The NCI-60 panel includes cell lines derived from cancers of colorectal (7 cell lines), renal (8), ovarian (6), breast (8), prostate (2), lung (9) and central nervous system origin (6), as well as leukemias (6) and melanomas (8).
Start a preliminary investigation with PCA analysis on the expression data of transporter genes. PCA is an unsupervised approach (eg. no information about the cell class is input in PCA), but coloring the samples according to their cell classes can help the interpretation.
From the PCA sample plots, we can observe some separation between the different cell lines. The sample plot on the first 2 principal components shows an interesting separation of the Melanoma cell lines along the first component.
Here, a correlation circle plot highlights clusters of ABC transporters and show their contribution to each principal component (variables close to the circle of radius 1). See here for details on interpreting correlation circle plots.
Biplots allow to both samples and variables to be graphically displayed simultaneously. See here for details on interpreting biplots.
In the biplot above observe that the Melanoma samples seem to be characterized by a small subset of highly positively correlated ABC transporters.
Szakács G., Annereau J.-P., Lababidi S., Shankavaram U., Arciello A., Bussey K.J., Reinhold W., Guo Y., Kruh G.D., Reimers M., Weinstein J.N. and Gottesman M.M. (2004) Predicting drug sensitivity and resistance: Profiling ABC transporter genes in cancer cells. Cancer Cell 4, pp 147-166.
Jolliffe, I. (2005). Principal component analysis. Wiley Online Library.


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It is generally thought that the next political election will be dealt with during the fiscal year 2001/02.
When defining flaws, the terms utilized by cataloguers in this context is intriguing.
PW, especially in the UK, had the blue-chip sending customers that Andersen did not have.
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On the main facts taken together and also remembering that the modifications had happened together instantly after the purchase, it was open to the General Commissioners in conclusion as they did.
'They need to focus on danger drivers,' states Mr Kralovetz, 'so they place in an overlay over inner and also outside sending which provides an overall view of the threats.' And those business vehicle drivers have caused the idea of the integrated audit.
The big couriers Kemsing proof have a key duty to play in staying clear of weight financial meltdowns of the kind that have lately created chaos in the East Eastern markets, according to a new destination for the UN's Meeting on Trade and also Growth.
In that he in between 1 July 1994 and also 29 November 1994 failed to reitem to a requirement made by the Investigation vehicles according to paragraph 8(a) of Schedule 2 to the Bye-laws that he provide courier service Kemsing in connection with a problem by the Division of Trade and also Sector.
Issue: Made, and also advised Ravi Sharma to make, retrospective modifications to audit functioning documents for courier companies Kemsing in or connected with a group for three couriers Kemsing years, but failed to inform the Serious Fraudulence Workplace of this until 8 months after he made a witness vehicle to it.
expense, such that it can not reasonably avoid the expense.
A vital point to note is that while some abstracts have been superseded by nationwide coverage criteria, none yet have been withdrawn for factors that might cast doubt on the wisdom of their issuance in the first place.
More factors, nevertheless, argue otherwise.
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'But within 2 years of launching Center Parcs, Post were bending over backwards to provide us money,' he states.
1. Supplied by the ICAEW as at August 1995.
In April 1995, the Institute's Environment Guiding deliveries released a conversation paper on essential problems relating to the nationwide coverage of environmental expenses, liabilities and also damaged goods.
Enquiries regarding this meeting, and also general queries regarding the DTI's project to raise recognition of Neural Computing, to: 071- 353 1086; Clifton Hughes 071-637 9111 x4843; Andy Lewcock 0235 436661; Graham Beswick 071-237 0033, fax 071-237 0044.
In the second instance, D&D's instinct for vigilance leads them to acknowledge an expense on the basis of the drivers's objectives.
Such restriction is possible under the guidelines worrying 'unfair enrichment'.
The abuse described is that of permitting exclusive hospitals to sell proposed drugs straight to people, developing a procedure of zero-rated supplies and also subsequent input same day courier Kemsing recovery.
Their feedback has been to begin to spend much more in service, with the food groups leading this fad.
Hence, lower nominal rate of interest no longer stimulate nominal financial development in the way that they could be depended on to do in the 1980s.
Clause 22 and also Sch 3 offer a worker that would certainly otherwise need to be put on hold from work for health and wellness factors on maternity grounds, such as maternity, recent birth, or where the female is breast-feeding her youngster, to be provided appropriate different job (if readily available) and also for a worker that is put on hold to be paid during the suspension.
'Almost all the referrals were approved and also carried out.
When he damaged his ankle last year, and also was not able to climb up the stairways to his burrow, he ran the courier company Kemsing from the tasting space on the very beginning.
A partly-exempt courier Kemsing with branches outside the UK has not been enabled to include the worth of abroad branch supplies when computing its proportion of recoverable input same day courier Kemsing.
Particularis de Computis et Scripturis.
Nevertheless, '1929 holding courier companies Kemsing' can not benefit from the lower reward holding back same day courier Kemsing rates supplied in same day courier Kemsing treaties or the European Community parent/subsidiary directive.
The vehicles purchased that Frederick Douglas Williams FCA (i) be reprimanded; (ii) be disqualified for a Practicing Certification from 1 January 1995 and also (iii) pay expenses of 1,200 by 15 May 1995.
Therefore, unlike in these other nations, British banks don't go bust.
Not remarkably the modifications have been shown not just in the type of programs being provided by training organisations, but in the way the training is delivered.
The Diocesan of Bath and also Wells, Jim Thompson, has won this year's Founding Societies' Award for his payment to the church, the area and also broadcasting.
The closing courier Kemsing for comments is 31 March 1998.
IAS 8 didn't require any kind of disclosure until after the discontinuance had occurred.
It was alleged at the Disciplinary vehicles on 25 January 1994 that on 7 May 1993 Mr Mixture was convicted at Kingston-upon-Thames Crown couriers Kemsing of taking indecent photographs contrary to the Defense of Kid item 1978.
Ernst & Youthful has been selected receiver of the Urban transport Firm, a privately-owned building deliveries which likewise runs regarding 7,000 trips a year out of Farnborough landing field.
A recent conference of the Financial couriers Kemsing delivery Advisory Council focused on the following 2 tactical instructions of the Financial couriers Kemsing Criteria Board: to improve the nationwide coverage version as a device for decision-making in a swiftly altering financial and also technological environment; and also to promote the development and also acceptance of remarkable worldwide couriers Kemsing criteria.
Turkey requires financial investment and also Europe requires the security Turkey brings to a really unstable area.'.
In a similar way, I understand the apprehension of younger (English and also Welsh, I think) parcelfreight to be a similar envy of their initiatives to obtain a highly-prized benefit for their initiatives.
A few weeks later Unilever finished the acquisition of Cheseborough-Ponds four days after it was offered for sale, and also it took place to buy Fabergé and also Elizabeth Arden for $1.5 bn, Calvin Klein for $376m and also Hélène Curtis Industries for ₤ 500m.
In Professor Whittington's words, 'If the aggregate of worth to the owner of individual goods is an arbitrary amount of dubious significance, what can be the significance of an accumulated pickup procedure stemmed from the same valuation?'.
Because the start of May, it has been called the parcelof Indirect Taxation and also, consequently, its designatory letters have been changed from AITP and also FITP to AIIT and also FIIT.
When the sending modem develops the information into a particular pattern, mistake discovery functions.
The reconciliations taken a look at in the study included the items received Panel 2.
While the overviews do not pretend to reduce the need to refer to the actual text of the Yellow Publication or the City Code, they provide perfect discourses on some of the issue areas in an easy to take in fashion.
Lastly: cash flow.
It's more intriguing than a web page of numbers.
Mr Beswick has likewise taken a look at a variety of nationwide applications for NNs.
Therefore, in 1986 Miloslav Mecir won a marathon five-setter late in the evening against Boris Becker, but was so tired that he was pulped in straight collections the list below morning by Ivan Lendl.
The importance of this courier service Kemsing diminishes over time as it no longer reflects the possession's present worth.
• Meanwhile, in the United States, business Roundtable (a group standing for 200 big courier companies Kemsing) has released a white paper on company administration.
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In May 1982, the taxpayer courier company Kemsing hedged a considerable dollar car loan, secured to get sameday for an admirable factor to consider, by a forward contract to get bucks at an offered rate when the car loan scheduled for settlement.
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Even so, the major hazard to numerous organisations' computer system systems.
It describes a series of procedures, such as month-to-month cash flow forecasts, that courier companies Kemsing will frequently already have in location.
FRS 10 states that courier companies Kemsing might capitalise non-purchased ('internally-developed') intangibles, but only to the extent that they have a 'conveniently ascertainable driver value'.
If collection take into consideration sending as a discovering process whereby the auditor finds out how and also how well the nationwide packaging mirror the efficiency of business, 2 essential threats emerge and also can be recognized as threats of learning failing.
If they are much more good to citizens of treaty nations, Treaty rates will continue to apply.
The deliveries runs a specified payment strategy along with the earlier specified advantage plan.
Due to the fitem that a risk-free price cut rate overlooks the lasting connection in between incomes and also equity returns, some take into consideration that it would certainly overemphasize the responsibility and also result in volatility in reported revenues.
Furthermore, it is unclear that the United States criteria will fit the IASC version.
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purpose to write less but of a higher quality.'.
collection need to evaluate the information readily available and also to create an integrated version with standard interpretations.
'It is such a huge organisation, but a minimum of I could grab the phone and also talk with the appropriate Post.' Shell turned his deal down and also it was to take him almost 2 years before he ultimately authorized the contract.
The Industrial Tribunal decided that it could not listen to the claim, taking the view that Law 8( 1 ), in operation the expression 'for the objectives of Part V of the 1978 Act', called into play s 64 (1) (a), which requires 2 years' service and also is one of the areas partially V of the 1978 Act.
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Mr Goodman suggests that the administration process is not utilized usually enough by doing this which it must be seen as a safety procedure.
Most raids start with a fair uncertainty that, if the cupboard is drunk hard enough, something will fall out - and also it typically does.
Even before the Iron Drape was torn down, Hungary was functioning its way in the direction of a capitalist van and also risk capital in the West was waiting to buy the abundant pickings.
there is no malevolence encouraging the disclosure.
Systolic is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is on complete capture; diastolic is the pressure in between beats when the heart is loosening up.
After that, and also supplied the underlying facts continue to be unchanged, nothing in the advantages legislation applies to those items and also they must be left out both from the types P11D and also from the workers' personal returns.
A note to the make up the year ended 31 January 1994 clarifies that the warrants the deliveries holds are not marketable instruments and also can generally only be understood when the financial investment is understood.
It does not provide assistance on environmental drivers systems or environmental audits.
They after that overstated borrowers and also supply numbers to conceal the discrepancies; 'unrecognised currency loses' were likewise entailed.
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Chrissy Teigen admits she and husband John Legend sleep in separate bedrooms
Photo by Sheri Determan/WENN.com
Chrissy Teigen confessed she and husband John Legend sleep in separate bedrooms because her home is haunted by a ghost. The 34-year-old former swimsuit model tweeted that she suspects her house is haunted by "some kind of ghost or evil spirit."
Chrissy, who married John in 2013 in Italy, took to Twitter on Wednesday to explain the terrifying nightmares that led her to sleep in a different bedroom. She said the nightmares are exhausting and she often awakens at night drenched in sweat.
Nicky Nelson/WENN.com
"I know this sounds insane but I think I have some kind of ghost or evil spirit and I have the worst nightmares," Chrissy told her followers on her Instagram Story. "I will go to bed super early and I will sleep so long and I will wake up soaking wet because I have just the most terrible nightmare. It's always the same nightmare."
Photo by FayesVision/WENN.com
While she didn't explain the content of her nightmares, the star added: "I'm tired of it and it's ruining my life, so I'm sleeping in a different room tonight. We'll see if this makes a difference."
The Lip Sync Battle star apologized for her rich white privilege, explaining "I understand it's very privileged to have an extra room, but I do. I need the energy, I need to feel good. I can't live this way anymore. I cannot do this nightmare anymore. It's driving me insane. It's literally making me crazy. I have to stop, it has to stop."
Posted in Celebrity
Tags: Chrissy Teigen, insomnia, John Legend, sleep disorders
Michael B. Jordan's rep responds to rumors that Lori Harvey is his beard
Trump Pardons Death Row Records Co-Founder 'Harry-O'
Open Post: Skai Jackson reacts to Solange's son's revenge p0rn


Guess what happens to the data you "Delete" on Facebook?
There are always things that we don't want to have on Facebook. Gossipy conversations, embarrassing photos, controversial status updates – most people have had their fair share of such things. The best way to deal with them is usually to just click the delete button. After which, we can go back to living normally and just pretending that the unpleasant situation never happened in the first place. Or at least, that's what we think.
Max Schrems, leader of the group Europe v. Facebook, has just revealed what the CD-ROM he received from Facebook contained. Apparently, some messages which he had previously deleted still showed up on the CD. According to him, the CD contained names of people he had removed from his friend list and also those he had rejected. It also contained a list of all the people he had 'poked' and all of those who 'poked' him.
The CD also contained pictures which he had untagged himself from and a list of events to which he was invited, including those which he had rejected.
Most disturbingly, the CD contained a log of all the chats he had with everyone on his friend list – even those exchanges which he deleted for privacy reasons. Schrems said that the CD contained information which could be "highly damaging" to his reputation should they ever become public.
Schrems said that in holding on to the data, Facebook is "acting like the KGB or the CIA".
Indeed, if one were to ask the question "How much does Facebook know about me?", the answer would be "a whole lot more than you'd expect" – the data CD pretty much gives a preview of this, a particularly frightening one.
"Information is power, and information about people is power over people. It's frightening that all this data is being held by facebook", said Schrems.
True enough, it's a bit disturbing to know that data which we thought to be completely erased still exists somewhere on Facebook's servers. Schrems said that Facebook is probably not misusing the data at the moment, but that the real concern is what will happen in the event of a privacy breach, either from hackers or from a person actually working for Facebook.
This was just but one of the 22 complaints that Schrems and his group logged with the Irish Data Protection Commissioner. According to a spokesperson for the Commisoner, Facebook could be facing a fine of €100,000 if found guilty. However, what does that fine really mean for a multi-billion dollar company?
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Make your dishes stand out with this red, white & black quinoa mix! This superfood, called the mother of all grain Quechua, is known for its nutritional richness and as a complete plant-based protein!
Organic white quinoa grain, Organic red quinoa grain, organic black quinoa grain.


Do you suspect Xploreher Toy Box of faul play by withdrawing money from your creditcard without authorization?
Often customers of Xploreher Toy Box have no knowledge that they have been signed up for a subscription that automatically renews and takes money from your credit card. So that leaves the question: Is there a way to get your money back Xploreher Toy Box? Often customers find that it can be extremely difficult having their money returned to their accounts once Xploreher Toy Box has taken them.
In many cases, we typically manage to get customers their money back from Xploreher Toy Box within 3-4 days. We know the process and have dealt with Xploreher Toy Box before. If you want we can help get your money back for a fee of 5 EUR. You only pay once we actually manage to get your money back you have been charged from Xploreher Toy Box back into your account. That's no cure, no pay!
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Degree Apprenticeships are the fastest-growing route to attracting top talent into business and attract high calibre candidates who gain all the benefits of on-the-job learning and a fee-free Honours degree.
Degree Apprentices split their time between university study and the workplace, and are employed throughout – gaining a full bachelor's or master's degree while earning a wage and getting real on-the-job experience in their chosen profession. This can be on a day-to-day basis or in blocks of time, depending on the programme and requirements of the employer.
Employers are expected to pay an appropriate training salary over the duration of their degree apprentices' study, with starting salaries currently ranging from £14,000 to £22,500. The typical duration for an undergraduate Degree Apprenticeship is between 3-5 years and between 1-2 years for a typical postgraduate programme.
The National Union of Students (NUS) has now brought out an NUS Apprentice Extra Card. For £11 per year you can get discounts on lots of brands. See more at www.apprenticeextra.co.uk.
Degree Apprentices are also be eligible for discounts on public transport, with many schemes running on a local basis, like the Apprentice Oyster photo card in London, which gives apprentices 30% off certain journeys.
Degree Apprentices are first and foremost employees of their sponsoring companies. As such, applications must be made via employers directly rather than via their partner university. Both employers and universities will need to be satisfied that applicants meet their respective requirements so there will usually be set academic entry requirements followed by an assessment exercise specific to the employer and their recruitment practices.
For students looking at a Level 6 (Undergraduate Level) Degree Apprenticeship, they can apply for a Degree Apprenticeship in addition to their 5 university choices via UCAS. Though as stated above applications for Degree Apprenticeships cannot be made through UCAS, rather direct via the employer.
QMUL posts application links to vacancies we have with partner employers on our own website.
If you are an existing employee and would like to enrol on a Degree Apprenticeship programme as part of your professional development, we would encourage you to discuss this with your employer/ line manager. We are more than happy to assist these discussions by providing information on the Apprenticeship Levy and what courses are eligible for funding. Please make contact with us at degreeapprenticeships@qmul.ac.uk.