Are you having trouble with your brick archway? You're not alone. If your home was built in the last 30 years, chances are you fall into one of two groups: those with a cracked archway or those who soon will have a cracked archway.
While some masonry arches have a steel lintel under them, most do not since it is cumbersome and unsightly to bend and install a flat lintel under an archway. Most masonry archways, whether made of brick, stone, concrete, cast stone, or block, are designed to have their support installed internally because this is stronger and more attractive than having a visible lintel.
This internal support is commonly known as a bond beam. If you consider the visible design of an archway, like a brick archway at the front entrance of a residential home, you would see brick in the front, brick on the bottom, and brick again on the backside of the archway, making something similar to a U-shape.
On the inside of the archway is an open cavity that runs the length of the archway. This open space on the interior of the archway is the location of the bond beam. Think of this bond beam like a spinal cord on a human. When you see a ballet dancer arch her back, it's the spinal cord that provides the support. Similarly, the bond beam is a skeleton of steel rebar strands arching through the open cavity within the archway and then along with brick ties placed in between the bricks, and extending into the cavity where they're wrapped around the steel rebar strands. This connects the brick façade to the rebar, and then the cavity is poured solid with concrete. The concrete forms around the rebar and the brick ties.
Once hardened, the bond beam provides the support necessary to carry the load of the brick above but also forms a mechanical bond throughout the archway which makes it impossible for the brick in the archway to move out of its original position. Advantage Masonry installs a bond beam on every archway we construct in order to internally support and prevent movement of the brick.
In the last 30 years as inspections on residential homes decreased, so did the installation of critical components such as bond beams, brick ties, and moisture barriers. Unfortunately, most brick homes built within this time period do not have a bond beam. Therefore, as soon as the home experiences settlement of the foundation, the archway begins to pull apart. You might wonder how you can tell if your archway does NOT have a bond beam. It's simple. If there is a fracture within the mortar, bricks, or both and it has formed a gap or misalignment, then you likely do not have a bond beam since a bond beam would prevent this type of movement. In this case, it would need attention. If left unrepaired, the archway would eventually collapse.
To build an archway, you first have to build what's called a negative template. This is a wooden framework in the shape of the archway. It provides support for the masonry during construction and is left in place until the masonry has cured to a point where it's capable of carrying its own load. You begin by laying the bottom ribbon of bricks right on top of the negative template. Once the bottom ribbon is in place, you build the front and back walls up, approximately 12-16 inches, installing the brick ties as you lay the brick. Then you install the steel rebar strands, wrap the brick ties around the rebar, pour the cavity with concrete, and let it cure overnight. The next day you can finish bricking up the wall on the front and back. Once the archway has sufficiently cured, you can now remove the negative template and your archway is complete. The mortar cures 98 percent in approximately 28 days, and the remaining 2 percent cures indefinitely, making the archway stronger with time.
If you suspect your home's archway doesn't have a bond beam, it's beneficial to act quickly. If the problem is identified before the archway begins to move out of its original position, it's sometimes possible to retrofit the existing archway with a bond beam. On the other hand, once the archway begins to move from its original position, the archway must be taken down and reconstructed because it would no longer be stable enough to repair in place.
Advantage Masonry has our own engineering department. This matters to you because we not only consult our engineering team to formulate a construction load plan, but our engineers are on site for any critical phase of construction to ensure that our highly qualified work crews adhere to the engineering specifications during reconstruction.
NOTE: If you have any concerns regarding your masonry archway, please click the link below to schedule a consultation. Our initial consultation at your home or business is complimentary.


text:
require 'seahorse/client/plugins/content_length.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/credentials_configuration.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/logging.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/param_converter.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/param_validator.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/user_agent.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/helpful_socket_errors.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/retry_errors.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/global_configuration.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/regional_endpoint.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/endpoint_discovery.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/endpoint_pattern.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/response_paging.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/stub_responses.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/idempotency_token.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/jsonvalue_converter.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/client_metrics_plugin.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/client_metrics_send_plugin.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/transfer_encoding.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/http_checksum.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/checksum_algorithm.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/defaults_mode.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/recursion_detection.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/sign.rb'
require 'aws-sdk-core/plugins/protocols/rest_json.rb'

Aws::Plugins::GlobalConfiguration.add_identifier(:iotjobsdataplane)

module Aws::IoTJobsDataPlane
  # An API client for IoTJobsDataPlane.  To construct a client, you need to configure a `:region` and `:credentials`.
  #
  #     client = Aws::IoTJobsDataPlane::Client.new(
  #       region: region_name,
  #       credentials: credentials,
  #       # ...
  #     )
  #
  # For details on configuring region and credentials see
  # the [developer guide](/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/setup-config.html).
  #
  # See {#initialize} for a full list of supported configuration options.
  class Client < Seahorse::Client::Base

    include Aws::ClientStubs

    @identifier = :iotjobsdataplane

    set_api(ClientApi::API)

    add_plugin(Seahorse::Client::Plugins::ContentLength)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::CredentialsConfiguration)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::Logging)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ParamConverter)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ParamValidator)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::UserAgent)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::HelpfulSocketErrors)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::RetryErrors)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::GlobalConfiguration)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::RegionalEndpoint)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::EndpointDiscovery)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::EndpointPattern)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ResponsePaging)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::StubResponses)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::IdempotencyToken)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::JsonvalueConverter)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ClientMetricsPlugin)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ClientMetricsSendPlugin)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::TransferEncoding)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::HttpChecksum)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::ChecksumAlgorithm)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::DefaultsMode)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::RecursionDetection)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::Sign)
    add_plugin(Aws::Plugins::Protocols::RestJson)
    add_plugin(Aws::IoTJobsDataPlane::Plugins::Endpoints)

    # @overload initialize(options)
    #   @param [Hash] options
    #   @option options [required, Aws::CredentialProvider] :credentials
    #     Your AWS credentials. This can be an instance of any one of the
    #     following classes:
    #
    #     * `Aws::Credentials` - Used for configuring static, non-refreshing
    #       credentials.
    #
    #     * `Aws::SharedCredentials` - Used for loading static credentials from a
    #       shared file, such as `~/.aws/config`.
    #
    #     * `Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials` - Used when you need to assume a role.
    #
    #     * `Aws::AssumeRoleWebIdentityCredentials` - Used when you need to
    #       assume a role after providing credentials via the web.
    #
    #     * `Aws::SSOCredentials` - Used for loading credentials from AWS SSO using an
    #       access token generated from `aws login`.
    #
    #     * `Aws::ProcessCredentials` - Used for loading credentials from a
    #       process that outputs to stdout.
    #
    #     * `Aws::InstanceProfileCredentials` - Used for loading credentials
    #       from an EC2 IMDS on an EC2 instance.
    #
    #     * `Aws::ECSCredentials` - Used for loading credentials from
    #       instances running in ECS.
    #
    #     * `Aws::CognitoIdentityCredentials` - Used for loading credentials
    #       from the Cognito Identity service.
    #
    #     When `:credentials` are not configured directly, the following
    #     locations will be searched for credentials:
    #
    #     * `Aws.config[:credentials]`
    #     * The `:access_key_id`, `:secret_access_key`, and `:session_token` options.
    #     * ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'], ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']
    #     * `~/.aws/credentials`
    #     * `~/.aws/config`
    #     * EC2/ECS IMDS instance profile - When used by default, the timeouts
    #       are very aggressive. Construct and pass an instance of
    #       `Aws::InstanceProfileCredentails` or `Aws::ECSCredentials` to
    #       enable retries and extended timeouts. Instance profile credential
    #       fetching can be disabled by setting ENV['AWS_EC2_METADATA_DISABLED']
    #       to true.
    #
    #   @option options [required, String] :region
    #     The AWS region to connect to.  The configured `:region` is
    #     used to determine the service `:endpoint`. When not passed,
    #     a default `:region` is searched for in the following locations:
    #
    #     * `Aws.config[:region]`
    #     * `ENV['AWS_REGION']`
    #     * `ENV['AMAZON_REGION']`
    #     * `ENV['AWS_DEFAULT_REGION']`
    #     * `~/.aws/credentials`
    #     * `~/.aws/config`
    #
    #   @option options [String] :access_key_id
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :active_endpoint_cache (false)
    #     When set to `true`, a thread polling for endpoints will be running in
    #     the background every 60 secs (default). Defaults to `false`.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :adaptive_retry_wait_to_fill (true)
    #     Used only in `adaptive` retry mode.  When true, the request will sleep
    #     until there is sufficent client side capacity to retry the request.
    #     When false, the request will raise a `RetryCapacityNotAvailableError` and will
    #     not retry instead of sleeping.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :client_side_monitoring (false)
    #     When `true`, client-side metrics will be collected for all API requests from
    #     this client.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :client_side_monitoring_client_id ("")
    #     Allows you to provide an identifier for this client which will be attached to
    #     all generated client side metrics. Defaults to an empty string.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :client_side_monitoring_host ("127.0.0.1")
    #     Allows you to specify the DNS hostname or IPv4 or IPv6 address that the client
    #     side monitoring agent is running on, where client metrics will be published via UDP.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :client_side_monitoring_port (31000)
    #     Required for publishing client metrics. The port that the client side monitoring
    #     agent is running on, where client metrics will be published via UDP.
    #
    #   @option options [Aws::ClientSideMonitoring::Publisher] :client_side_monitoring_publisher (Aws::ClientSideMonitoring::Publisher)
    #     Allows you to provide a custom client-side monitoring publisher class. By default,
    #     will use the Client Side Monitoring Agent Publisher.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :convert_params (true)
    #     When `true`, an attempt is made to coerce request parameters into
    #     the required types.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :correct_clock_skew (true)
    #     Used only in `standard` and adaptive retry modes. Specifies whether to apply
    #     a clock skew correction and retry requests with skewed client clocks.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :defaults_mode ("legacy")
    #     See {Aws::DefaultsModeConfiguration} for a list of the
    #     accepted modes and the configuration defaults that are included.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :disable_host_prefix_injection (false)
    #     Set to true to disable SDK automatically adding host prefix
    #     to default service endpoint when available.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :endpoint
    #     The client endpoint is normally constructed from the `:region`
    #     option. You should only configure an `:endpoint` when connecting
    #     to test or custom endpoints. This should be a valid HTTP(S) URI.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :endpoint_cache_max_entries (1000)
    #     Used for the maximum size limit of the LRU cache storing endpoints data
    #     for endpoint discovery enabled operations. Defaults to 1000.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :endpoint_cache_max_threads (10)
    #     Used for the maximum threads in use for polling endpoints to be cached, defaults to 10.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :endpoint_cache_poll_interval (60)
    #     When :endpoint_discovery and :active_endpoint_cache is enabled,
    #     Use this option to config the time interval in seconds for making
    #     requests fetching endpoints information. Defaults to 60 sec.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :endpoint_discovery (false)
    #     When set to `true`, endpoint discovery will be enabled for operations when available.
    #
    #   @option options [Aws::Log::Formatter] :log_formatter (Aws::Log::Formatter.default)
    #     The log formatter.
    #
    #   @option options [Symbol] :log_level (:info)
    #     The log level to send messages to the `:logger` at.
    #
    #   @option options [Logger] :logger
    #     The Logger instance to send log messages to.  If this option
    #     is not set, logging will be disabled.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :max_attempts (3)
    #     An integer representing the maximum number attempts that will be made for
    #     a single request, including the initial attempt.  For example,
    #     setting this value to 5 will result in a request being retried up to
    #     4 times. Used in `standard` and `adaptive` retry modes.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :profile ("default")
    #     Used when loading credentials from the shared credentials file
    #     at HOME/.aws/credentials.  When not specified, 'default' is used.
    #
    #   @option options [Proc] :retry_backoff
    #     A proc or lambda used for backoff. Defaults to 2**retries * retry_base_delay.
    #     This option is only used in the `legacy` retry mode.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :retry_base_delay (0.3)
    #     The base delay in seconds used by the default backoff function. This option
    #     is only used in the `legacy` retry mode.
    #
    #   @option options [Symbol] :retry_jitter (:none)
    #     A delay randomiser function used by the default backoff function.
    #     Some predefined functions can be referenced by name - :none, :equal, :full,
    #     otherwise a Proc that takes and returns a number. This option is only used
    #     in the `legacy` retry mode.
    #
    #     @see https://www.awsarchitectureblog.com/2015/03/backoff.html
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :retry_limit (3)
    #     The maximum number of times to retry failed requests.  Only
    #     ~ 500 level server errors and certain ~ 400 level client errors
    #     are retried.  Generally, these are throttling errors, data
    #     checksum errors, networking errors, timeout errors, auth errors,
    #     endpoint discovery, and errors from expired credentials.
    #     This option is only used in the `legacy` retry mode.
    #
    #   @option options [Integer] :retry_max_delay (0)
    #     The maximum number of seconds to delay between retries (0 for no limit)
    #     used by the default backoff function. This option is only used in the
    #     `legacy` retry mode.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :retry_mode ("legacy")
    #     Specifies which retry algorithm to use. Values are:
    #
    #     * `legacy` - The pre-existing retry behavior.  This is default value if
    #       no retry mode is provided.
    #
    #     * `standard` - A standardized set of retry rules across the AWS SDKs.
    #       This includes support for retry quotas, which limit the number of
    #       unsuccessful retries a client can make.
    #
    #     * `adaptive` - An experimental retry mode that includes all the
    #       functionality of `standard` mode along with automatic client side
    #       throttling.  This is a provisional mode that may change behavior
    #       in the future.
    #
    #
    #   @option options [String] :secret_access_key
    #
    #   @option options [String] :session_token
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :stub_responses (false)
    #     Causes the client to return stubbed responses. By default
    #     fake responses are generated and returned. You can specify
    #     the response data to return or errors to raise by calling
    #     {ClientStubs#stub_responses}. See {ClientStubs} for more information.
    #
    #     ** Please note ** When response stubbing is enabled, no HTTP
    #     requests are made, and retries are disabled.
    #
    #   @option options [Aws::TokenProvider] :token_provider
    #     A Bearer Token Provider. This can be an instance of any one of the
    #     following classes:
    #
    #     * `Aws::StaticTokenProvider` - Used for configuring static, non-refreshing
    #       tokens.
    #
    #     * `Aws::SSOTokenProvider` - Used for loading tokens from AWS SSO using an
    #       access token generated from `aws login`.
    #
    #     When `:token_provider` is not configured directly, the `Aws::TokenProviderChain`
    #     will be used to search for tokens configured for your profile in shared configuration files.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :use_dualstack_endpoint
    #     When set to `true`, dualstack enabled endpoints (with `.aws` TLD)
    #     will be used if available.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :use_fips_endpoint
    #     When set to `true`, fips compatible endpoints will be used if available.
    #     When a `fips` region is used, the region is normalized and this config
    #     is set to `true`.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :validate_params (true)
    #     When `true`, request parameters are validated before
    #     sending the request.
    #
    #   @option options [Aws::IoTJobsDataPlane::EndpointProvider] :endpoint_provider
    #     The endpoint provider used to resolve endpoints. Any object that responds to `#resolve_endpoint(parameters)` where `parameters` is a Struct similar to `Aws::IoTJobsDataPlane::EndpointParameters`
    #
    #   @option options [URI::HTTP,String] :http_proxy A proxy to send
    #     requests through.  Formatted like 'http://proxy.com:123'.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :http_open_timeout (15) The number of
    #     seconds to wait when opening a HTTP session before raising a
    #     `Timeout::Error`.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :http_read_timeout (60) The default
    #     number of seconds to wait for response data.  This value can
    #     safely be set per-request on the session.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :http_idle_timeout (5) The number of
    #     seconds a connection is allowed to sit idle before it is
    #     considered stale.  Stale connections are closed and removed
    #     from the pool before making a request.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :http_continue_timeout (1) The number of
    #     seconds to wait for a 100-continue response before sending the
    #     request body.  This option has no effect unless the request has
    #     "Expect" header set to "100-continue".  Defaults to `nil` which
    #     disables this behaviour.  This value can safely be set per
    #     request on the session.
    #
    #   @option options [Float] :ssl_timeout (nil) Sets the SSL timeout
    #     in seconds.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :http_wire_trace (false) When `true`,
    #     HTTP debug output will be sent to the `:logger`.
    #
    #   @option options [Boolean] :ssl_verify_peer (true) When `true`,
    #     SSL peer certificates are verified when establishing a
    #     connection.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :ssl_ca_bundle Full path to the SSL
    #     certificate authority bundle file that should be used when
    #     verifying peer certificates.  If you do not pass
    #     `:ssl_ca_bundle` or `:ssl_ca_directory` the the system default
    #     will be used if available.
    #
    #   @option options [String] :ssl_ca_directory Full path of the
    #     directory that contains the unbundled SSL certificate
    #     authority files for verifying peer certificates.  If you do
    #     not pass `:ssl_ca_bundle` or `:ssl_ca_directory` the the
    #     system default will be used if available.
    #
    def initialize(*args)
      super
    end

    # @!group API Operations

    # Gets details of a job execution.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :job_id
    #   The unique identifier assigned to this job when it was created.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :thing_name
    #   The thing name associated with the device the job execution is running
    #   on.
    #
    # @option params [Boolean] :include_job_document
    #   Optional. When set to true, the response contains the job document.
    #   The default is false.
    #
    # @option params [Integer] :execution_number
    #   Optional. A number that identifies a particular job execution on a
    #   particular device. If not specified, the latest job execution is
    #   returned.
    #
    # @return [Types::DescribeJobExecutionResponse] Returns a {Seahorse::Client::Response response} object which responds to the following methods:
    #
    #   * {Types::DescribeJobExecutionResponse#execution #execution} => Types::JobExecution
    #
    # @example Request syntax with placeholder values
    #
    #   resp = client.describe_job_execution({
    #     job_id: "DescribeJobExecutionJobId", # required
    #     thing_name: "ThingName", # required
    #     include_job_document: false,
    #     execution_number: 1,
    #   })
    #
    # @example Response structure
    #
    #   resp.execution.job_id #=> String
    #   resp.execution.thing_name #=> String
    #   resp.execution.status #=> String, one of "QUEUED", "IN_PROGRESS", "SUCCEEDED", "FAILED", "TIMED_OUT", "REJECTED", "REMOVED", "CANCELED"
    #   resp.execution.status_details #=> Hash
    #   resp.execution.status_details["DetailsKey"] #=> String
    #   resp.execution.queued_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.started_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.last_updated_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.approximate_seconds_before_timed_out #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.version_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.execution_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.job_document #=> String
    #
    # @overload describe_job_execution(params = {})
    # @param [Hash] params ({})
    def describe_job_execution(params = {}, options = {})
      req = build_request(:describe_job_execution, params)
      req.send_request(options)
    end

    # Gets the list of all jobs for a thing that are not in a terminal
    # status.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :thing_name
    #   The name of the thing that is executing the job.
    #
    # @return [Types::GetPendingJobExecutionsResponse] Returns a {Seahorse::Client::Response response} object which responds to the following methods:
    #
    #   * {Types::GetPendingJobExecutionsResponse#in_progress_jobs #in_progress_jobs} => Array<Types::JobExecutionSummary>
    #   * {Types::GetPendingJobExecutionsResponse#queued_jobs #queued_jobs} => Array<Types::JobExecutionSummary>
    #
    # @example Request syntax with placeholder values
    #
    #   resp = client.get_pending_job_executions({
    #     thing_name: "ThingName", # required
    #   })
    #
    # @example Response structure
    #
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs #=> Array
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].job_id #=> String
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].queued_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].started_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].last_updated_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].version_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.in_progress_jobs[0].execution_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.queued_jobs #=> Array
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].job_id #=> String
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].queued_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].started_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].last_updated_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].version_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.queued_jobs[0].execution_number #=> Integer
    #
    # @overload get_pending_job_executions(params = {})
    # @param [Hash] params ({})
    def get_pending_job_executions(params = {}, options = {})
      req = build_request(:get_pending_job_executions, params)
      req.send_request(options)
    end

    # Gets and starts the next pending (status IN\_PROGRESS or QUEUED) job
    # execution for a thing.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :thing_name
    #   The name of the thing associated with the device.
    #
    # @option params [Hash<String,String>] :status_details
    #   A collection of name/value pairs that describe the status of the job
    #   execution. If not specified, the statusDetails are unchanged.
    #
    # @option params [Integer] :step_timeout_in_minutes
    #   Specifies the amount of time this device has to finish execution of
    #   this job. If the job execution status is not set to a terminal state
    #   before this timer expires, or before the timer is reset (by calling
    #   `UpdateJobExecution`, setting the status to `IN_PROGRESS` and
    #   specifying a new timeout value in field `stepTimeoutInMinutes`) the
    #   job execution status will be automatically set to `TIMED_OUT`. Note
    #   that setting this timeout has no effect on that job execution timeout
    #   which may have been specified when the job was created (`CreateJob`
    #   using field `timeoutConfig`).
    #
    # @return [Types::StartNextPendingJobExecutionResponse] Returns a {Seahorse::Client::Response response} object which responds to the following methods:
    #
    #   * {Types::StartNextPendingJobExecutionResponse#execution #execution} => Types::JobExecution
    #
    # @example Request syntax with placeholder values
    #
    #   resp = client.start_next_pending_job_execution({
    #     thing_name: "ThingName", # required
    #     status_details: {
    #       "DetailsKey" => "DetailsValue",
    #     },
    #     step_timeout_in_minutes: 1,
    #   })
    #
    # @example Response structure
    #
    #   resp.execution.job_id #=> String
    #   resp.execution.thing_name #=> String
    #   resp.execution.status #=> String, one of "QUEUED", "IN_PROGRESS", "SUCCEEDED", "FAILED", "TIMED_OUT", "REJECTED", "REMOVED", "CANCELED"
    #   resp.execution.status_details #=> Hash
    #   resp.execution.status_details["DetailsKey"] #=> String
    #   resp.execution.queued_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.started_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.last_updated_at #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.approximate_seconds_before_timed_out #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.version_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.execution_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.execution.job_document #=> String
    #
    # @overload start_next_pending_job_execution(params = {})
    # @param [Hash] params ({})
    def start_next_pending_job_execution(params = {}, options = {})
      req = build_request(:start_next_pending_job_execution, params)
      req.send_request(options)
    end

    # Updates the status of a job execution.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :job_id
    #   The unique identifier assigned to this job when it was created.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :thing_name
    #   The name of the thing associated with the device.
    #
    # @option params [required, String] :status
    #   The new status for the job execution (IN\_PROGRESS, FAILED, SUCCESS,
    #   or REJECTED). This must be specified on every update.
    #
    # @option params [Hash<String,String>] :status_details
    #   Optional. A collection of name/value pairs that describe the status of
    #   the job execution. If not specified, the statusDetails are unchanged.
    #
    # @option params [Integer] :step_timeout_in_minutes
    #   Specifies the amount of time this device has to finish execution of
    #   this job. If the job execution status is not set to a terminal state
    #   before this timer expires, or before the timer is reset (by again
    #   calling `UpdateJobExecution`, setting the status to `IN_PROGRESS` and
    #   specifying a new timeout value in this field) the job execution status
    #   will be automatically set to `TIMED_OUT`. Note that setting or
    #   resetting this timeout has no effect on that job execution timeout
    #   which may have been specified when the job was created (`CreateJob`
    #   using field `timeoutConfig`).
    #
    # @option params [Integer] :expected_version
    #   Optional. The expected current version of the job execution. Each time
    #   you update the job execution, its version is incremented. If the
    #   version of the job execution stored in Jobs does not match, the update
    #   is rejected with a VersionMismatch error, and an ErrorResponse that
    #   contains the current job execution status data is returned. (This
    #   makes it unnecessary to perform a separate DescribeJobExecution
    #   request in order to obtain the job execution status data.)
    #
    # @option params [Boolean] :include_job_execution_state
    #   Optional. When included and set to true, the response contains the
    #   JobExecutionState data. The default is false.
    #
    # @option params [Boolean] :include_job_document
    #   Optional. When set to true, the response contains the job document.
    #   The default is false.
    #
    # @option params [Integer] :execution_number
    #   Optional. A number that identifies a particular job execution on a
    #   particular device.
    #
    # @return [Types::UpdateJobExecutionResponse] Returns a {Seahorse::Client::Response response} object which responds to the following methods:
    #
    #   * {Types::UpdateJobExecutionResponse#execution_state #execution_state} => Types::JobExecutionState
    #   * {Types::UpdateJobExecutionResponse#job_document #job_document} => String
    #
    # @example Request syntax with placeholder values
    #
    #   resp = client.update_job_execution({
    #     job_id: "JobId", # required
    #     thing_name: "ThingName", # required
    #     status: "QUEUED", # required, accepts QUEUED, IN_PROGRESS, SUCCEEDED, FAILED, TIMED_OUT, REJECTED, REMOVED, CANCELED
    #     status_details: {
    #       "DetailsKey" => "DetailsValue",
    #     },
    #     step_timeout_in_minutes: 1,
    #     expected_version: 1,
    #     include_job_execution_state: false,
    #     include_job_document: false,
    #     execution_number: 1,
    #   })
    #
    # @example Response structure
    #
    #   resp.execution_state.status #=> String, one of "QUEUED", "IN_PROGRESS", "SUCCEEDED", "FAILED", "TIMED_OUT", "REJECTED", "REMOVED", "CANCELED"
    #   resp.execution_state.status_details #=> Hash
    #   resp.execution_state.status_details["DetailsKey"] #=> String
    #   resp.execution_state.version_number #=> Integer
    #   resp.job_document #=> String
    #
    # @overload update_job_execution(params = {})
    # @param [Hash] params ({})
    def update_job_execution(params = {}, options = {})
      req = build_request(:update_job_execution, params)
      req.send_request(options)
    end

    # @!endgroup

    # @param params ({})
    # @api private
    def build_request(operation_name, params = {})
      handlers = @handlers.for(operation_name)
      context = Seahorse::Client::RequestContext.new(
        operation_name: operation_name,
        operation: config.api.operation(operation_name),
        client: self,
        params: params,
        config: config)
      context[:gem_name] = 'aws-sdk-iotjobsdataplane'
      context[:gem_version] = '1.37.0'
      Seahorse::Client::Request.new(handlers, context)
    end

    # @api private
    # @deprecated
    def waiter_names
      []
    end

    class << self

      # @api private
      attr_reader :identifier

      # @api private
      def errors_module
        Errors
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
---- Faini, Vincent D. Faini, Christianity, Conversations with Neo, Adventures in Marine Biology, Most People Talk Bullshit: One Primates Search For Intelligent Life, Phoenix Michaels, Touch of the Beast: Brent Fletcher, Requiem for a Midlife Crisis----
Bhutan's deprived refugees - 23 Mar 08
Videos & Links of Bhutan
Bhutan hopes to cash in on hydro-electric power - 30 Mar 08
Inside Story - Start of democracy - 27 Mar 08 - Part 1
Bhutan Election Day - 25 March 08
New hope for Nepali Bhutanese - 25 Mar 08
Fire leaves 10,000 Bhutanese refugees homeless - 08 Mar 08
Bhutan battles substance abuse - 02 Nov 07
Thai happiness index soaring - 22 Nov 07
Media of Bhutan
Buddhism in Bhutan
Communications in Bhutan
Foreign relations of Bhutan
List of Bhutan-related topics
Military of Bhutan
Music of Bhutan
Transport in Bhutan
Government of Bhutan portal
Bhutan travel guide from Wikitravel
Earth-Bound Insight
Bhutan Times
Bhutan News Online (An independent online Bhutanese news magazine)
Visit Bhutan in 2008
Business Anti-Corruption Portal Bhutan Country Profile
Bhutan's Anti-Corruption Commission
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
Portal To SAARC
Bhutan's Homepage
Prose contains specific citations in source text which may be viewed in edit mode.
A Country Study: Bhutan. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Bhutan. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Bhutan Portal. Government of Bhutan. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Bhutan. MSN Encarta. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Bhutan army sees action at last. Asia Times Online. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Bhutan-China Relations. Bhutan News Online. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
MoUs with Bhutan on rail links, power projects. The Tribune, Chandigarh. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Border tension pushes MEA allocation. The Tribune, Chandigarh. Retrieved on September 8, 2005.
Happy Land. Yoga Journal. Retrieved on September 12, 2005.
Fast forward into trouble. The Guardian Unlimited. Retrieved on September 16, 2005.
A New Measure of Well-Being From a Happy Little Kingdom. The New York Times. Retrieved on October 4, 2005.
A.P. Agarwala (2003). Sikkim and Bhutan. Nest and Wings. ISBN 81-87592-07-9.
Sunanda K. Datta-Ray (1984). Smash and Grab: The Annexation of Sikkim. Vikas. ISBN 0-7069-2509-2.
Jigmi Y. Thinley, "Bhutan: A Kingdom Besieged", in Michael Hutt (ed.), Bhutan: Perspective on conflict and dissent. Scotland: Kiscadale Ltd. 2003
Foning, A.R. (1987). Lepcha, My Vanishing Tribe. Sterling Publishers. ISBN 81-207-0685-4.
A hidden and mysterious kingdom. Toplum Postasi. Retrieved on June 14, 2006.
Rose, Leo. The Nepali Ethnic Community in the Northeast of the Subcontinent.
Stan Armington (1998) Lonely Planet Bhutan (1st ed), p. 52, ISBN 0-86442-483-3
"Bhutan". The CIA World Factbook. (2006-12-12). Retrieved on [[2006-12-19]].
Constitution. Retrieved on October 10, 2006.
Asian Times
Bhutan News Online
China.com
HindustanTimes.com
India's Ministry of External Affairs provides financial aid to neighbouring countries under "technical and economic cooperation with other countries and advances to foreign governments." The Tribune, Chandigarh
.Back to Bhutan's Homepage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Yorba–Slaughter Adobe is a historic adobe house located at 17127 Pomona Rincon Road near Chino, California. Built in the early 1850s, the adobe is typical of the building style prevalent during and around California's period of Mexican governance. Raimundo Yorba built the adobe on land thought to be part of Rancho El Rincon, a land grant owned by his father, Bernardo Yorba; however, a later survey determined the adobe was not part of the rancho. The younger Yorba lived in the adobe until 1868, when Forty-Niner and Mexican–American War veteran Fenton M. Slaughter bought the house. Slaughter, who later served in the California State Assembly, lived in the house until his 1897 death.

Slaughter's daughter, Julia Slaughter Fuqua, began rehabilitating the adobe in 1928. The adobe was designated a California Historical Landmark on June 20, 1935. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 1975.

The adobe now functions as a branch museum of the San Bernardino County Museum and includes an 1890s period general store.

References

External links
 San Bernardino County Museum: Yorba and Slaughter Families Adobe

Adobe buildings and structures in California
Historic house museums in California
Houses in San Bernardino County, California
Museums in San Bernardino County, California
California Historical Landmarks
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in California
National Register of Historic Places in San Bernardino County, California

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
By Andre E. Key Archive, Culture, Racial Justice November 23, 2021
As an African American Who Loves Thanksgiving, Must I Simply Ignore the Historical Suffering of the Wampanoag and Pass the Sweet Potato Pie?
Image of sweet potato pie: RebeccaVC1/Flickr (CC BY-ND 2.0)
Like clockwork, my social media accounts are slowly being populated with posts about the true origins of Thanksgiving or the need to declare the fourth Thursday in November a day of mourning in solidarity with the Wampanoag, the Native American nation central to the Thanksgiving myth. My social media network is largely composed of childhood friends, former classmates, and fellow academics. This annual ritual of Thanksgiving counter-protest eventually gives way to a divide between those sharing favorite holiday recipes and those who say Americans (particularly Black folks) need to "wake up" and see the truth about Thanks-killing (as they choose to dub the holiday).
I have an admission. Thanksgiving is one of my favorite holidays. The combination of the four F's (family, friends, food, and football) has made it one of my favorite times of the year. As for the Thanksgiving myth itself, it hasn't figured into my consciousness since childhood when I was making hand-turkey paintings and participated in grade-school re-enactments complete with construction paper Pilgrim hats and Native American feather headdresses. Throughout my adult life I've struggled with the meaning of the Thanksgiving holiday as a familial celebration while being completely aware of the injustices suffered by the Wampanoag and Native Americans in general.
As others have noted here on RD, Thanksgiving is largely the Protestant origin myth of the United States, although it occurred thirteen years after the founding of the first permanent British settlement at Jamestown in 1607. The 1620 Plymouth landing also places the myth one year after the arrival of "twenty and odd" Africans of Ndongans background (from modern-day Angola) in the Jamestown colony in 1619. With the 400th year anniversary celebrations in 2019, the date 1619 has entered the American public consciousness as a new front in the ever-expanding culture wars, most prominently with the publication of the New York Times' 1619 Project and the short-lived 1776 Report which has morphed into the arch-conservative 1776 Project.
The elevation of the year 1619 into the public consciousness only offers a partial glimpse of the date's ominous meaning within African-American religious thought. The oft-quoted quip by Malcolm X from a 1964 speech, "We didn't land on Plymouth Rock. The rock was landed on us," has long served as a reminder to Black folks and others that the ancestors of African Americans were already present in this country when the Pilgrims arrived at Plymouth.
Within some streams of Black religious nationalist numerology, the date 1619 serves as fulfillment of biblical prophecy based on their reading of Genesis 15:13, "And [God] said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years." Therefore, the date 1619 is imbued with mythic and numerological significance for Black folks who subscribe to Black chosenness beliefs.
However, if I'm allowed to riff on Du Bois' concept of double-consciousness, African Americans are composed of "warring" 1619 and 1620 souls that place them simultaneously within the realm of the oppressed and as celebrated participants in the dispossession of Native Americans. Take, for example, the Times' story about Liberian-Americans' struggle with the continued observance of Thanksgiving given their own history as descendants of ex-slaves who colonized territory along the coast of West Africa, dispossessing the indigenous populations for what would become Liberia. But Liberian Americans aren't alone in this paradoxical relationship to Thanksgiving; African Americans who remained on this side of the Atlantic equally grapple with this contested legacy.
During my adolescence, Black history programs often highlighted the roles that "forgotten" explorers such as Esteban the Moor and York played in the settlement of the western hemisphere. Like their white counterparts, as Black school children we were taught to celebrate the bravery of these African explorers who helped settle the "New World." Even my own hometown erected a statue in honor of York in 2003 to celebrate the 200th anniversary of Lewis and Clark's expeditions. Similarly, I was taught to celebrate the bravery of the Buffalo Soldiers who were participants in the pacification of Plains nations as Anglo-American unification was achieved in the latter half of the 19th century.
The complicated relationship between "black" and "red" peoples of the Americas is seen in the First Peoples being both sites of refuge and enslavement for people of African descent. Simply put, once we step outside of the realm of myth, history gets messy with heroes and villains giving way to acts of self-determination by dispossessed and disenfranchised people trying to exist within an ever-expanding white settler republic. It isn't always easy to know who to root for.
Perhaps, like many African Americans, my attachment to Thanksgiving is simply residue of the relative respite that enslaved Africans gained during the holiday season from some of their labors, however minimal. According to the African-American Registry,
"In October 1863, months after signing the Emancipation Proclamation earlier in the year; President Abraham Lincoln signed a proclamation to officially celebrate the Thanksgiving holiday. Before the proclamation, Thanksgiving was also a period where slaves would often try to escape due to the ending of crop season; but with the new law, it morphed into a time where newly freed Blacks could come together."
As such, Thanksgiving, like Decoration Day (Memorial Day), became post-emancipation holidays that were added to the larger constellation of antebellum African-American observances that we see in Negro Election Day, Militia Training Day, and the Pinkster (Pentecost) festival.
But I am forced to ask myself, Am I guilty of the same hypocrisy as the "heritage not hate" argument of Confederate flag supporters? Does my desire for turkey, cornbread dressing, collard greens, baked macaroni and cheese, and a slice of sweet potato pie with friends and family on the fourth Thursday in November make me just as complicit as the staunchest Confederate-flag waver, the enthusiastic tomahawk-chopping Atlanta Braves (and Kansas City Chiefs) fan, and the obstinate "it's still the Washington [Football Team] to me" fan? Sadly, and honestly, my answer must be yes. Yes, I am complicit in the celebration of Thanksgiving at the expense of the Wampanoag.
So it seems our choices are to either ignore the historical suffering of the Wampanoag and pass the sweet potato pie, or cancel Thanksgiving altogether? Are there any suitable alternatives? There's been only one other holiday that's given me the same joy as Thanksgiving, and for similar reasons: Passover. The four F's of Passover: family, friends, food, and freedom (sadly football season ends in February) made this my favorite Jewish holiday.
However, like Thanksgiving, Passover oftentimes left me with an uneasy sense of celebrating the death of others. To those familiar with the Exodus narrative, the death of the first born and the eventual destruction of the Egyptian army at the Sea of Reeds appears to be a straightforward example of divine justice at work. But this narrative even bothered classical rabbinic commentators who noticed the apparent lack of empathy when the Israelites burst forth in the Shirat Hayam (Song at the Sea) which begins with the line, "The Lord is a man of war: the Lord is his name." (Exodus 15:3)
According to rabbinic tradition, on seeing the drowning Egyptians the angelic hosts were about to break into song as well when God silenced them with the stern rebuke, "How dare you sing for joy when My creatures are dying" (Talmud, Megillah 10b and Sanhedrin 39b). The lesson gleaned from this rabbinical commentary on the Shirat Hayam is that even when we are being thankful for our own freedom, we should be cognizant of the suffering of others.
I admit that this isn't a perfect answer. A Thanksgiving holiday completely shorn from the Plymouth myth would be ideal. Weaning Americans of all backgrounds off the nation's origins myths is easier said than done. Not because most Americans wish to celebrate the destruction of Wampanoag society as much as they wish to celebrate family, faith, and freedom with food and festivities (and football).
However, imploring Americans to remember the human cost of Thanksgiving, just as God reminded the angelic hosts of the human cost of Israelite freedom seems to be a start in the right direction. Even if we don't invoke the Pilgrim myth at our dinner tables this Thanksgiving, we should still remember to reflect on the heavy cost paid by the Wampanoag people and their descendants before we pass that slice of sweet potato pie.
Andre E. Key
Andre E. Key is an Assistant Professor of African American Studies at Claflin University in Orangeburg, South Carolina. His research focuses on the area of African American religious traditions in the 20th century. He currently teaches courses in the areas of African American Studies, 20th century African American history, and African American Religions.
Latest Posts By Andre E. Key
Previous article'We Remember a United States That Fought the Nazis': A German Scholar of Fascism Weighs in on Christian Nationalism in the U.S.
Next articleWhat 'Faith Groups Do X' Journalism Reveals About the Press's Priorities
History Matters: On the 400th Anniversary of Plymouth We're Still Clinging to Destructive National Myths
Why America's Whitewashed Thanksgiving Needs to Go: A Short Study in the Power of White Christian Mythmaking
Thanksgiving Reveals More About Us Than About 17th Century Events


1: What's the first thing I should do if I am arrested?
If you are arrested and brought to jail, you can expect to spend a minimum of a few hours in the Intake area of the facility. You will have access to free telephones during this time. The first thing you should do is call a friend or family member to let them know where you are.
2: Should I call AAOK Bail Bonding First?
No, you should let a friend or relative know that you are in jail. It may be an hour or more before you know what your bond amount is. As soon as you know how much your bond is, you or a family member can contact us so we can begin the process of getting you out of jail.
3: Can my family find out information by calling the jail?
Jail personnel are only allowed to release certain information. In most cases, they will tell you if a person is incarcerated there, what they are charged with and how much the bond is.
This is important information for your loved ones to have. Jails can be very busy places and you may only have a chance to make one or two free calls. If those close to you are aware of your charges and bond information, they can make the arrangements with us to post your bond.
4: How much will my bond fee be?
It depends on your charges and criminal history. In Cobb and Fulton counties, the most common offenses people are arrested for are Driving Under the Influence, Possession of Less Than an ounce of Marijuana and Driving With a Suspended License. Those are all misdemeanor charges, and usually carry a bond amount of $1,000-$2,000. That means we would only charge you a small portion of that figure to restore your freedom.
If you are charged with a more serious felony, your bond amount may be several thousand dollars. We handle felony bond as well, and are here to answer any questions you may have.
5: How quickly can I expect AAOK Bail Bonding to post my bond?
We are the most dedicated bonding company in the area. If you or a loved one are in jail, we are here to answer your questions and expedite the process. We understand exactly how valuable your freedom is.
6: Can I bond out at any time?
Yes. We are open 24 hours a day. We can post bonds in either Fulton or Cobb county jails around the clock.
7: What if I am arrested and have my bond money with me?


text:
Home	News Tech	What Is The Internet Of Bodies? And How Is It Changing Our World? – Forbes
What Is The Internet Of Bodies? And How Is It Changing Our World? – Forbes
by RSS POST 12/07/2019
written by RSS POST 12/07/2019
What Is The Internet Of Bodies? And How Is It Changing Our World?
What is the Internet of Bodies (IoB)?
When the Internet of Things (IoT) connects with your body, the result is the Internet of Bodies (IoB). The Internet of Bodies (IoB) is an extension of the IoT and basically connects the human body to a network through devices that are ingested, implanted, or connected to the body in some way. Once connected, data can be exchanged, and the body and device can be remotely monitored and controlled.
There are three generations of Internet of Bodies that include:
· Body external: These are wearable devices such as Apple Watches or Fitbits that can monitor our health.
· Body internal: These include pacemakers, cochlear implants, and digital pills that go inside our bodies to monitor or control various aspects of our health.
· Body embedded: The third generation of the Internet of Bodies is embedded technology where technology and the human body are melded together and have a real-time connection to a remote machine.
Progress in wireless connectivity, materials, and tech innovation is allowing implantable medical devices (IMD) to scale and be viable in many applications.
Examples of Internet of Bodies Devices in Use or Development
The most recognized example of Internet of Bodies is a defibrillator or pacemaker, a small device placed in the abdomen or chest to help patients with heart conditions control abnormal heart rhythms with electrical impulses. In 2013, former United States Vice President Dick Cheney got his WiFi-connected defibrillator replaced with one without WiFi capacity. It was feared that he could be assassinated by electric shock if a rogue agent hacked the device.
A "smart pill" is another IoB device. These pills have edible electronic sensors and computer chips in them. Once swallowed, these digital pills can collect data from our organs and then send it to a remote device connected to the internet. The first digital chemotherapy pill is now in use that combines chemotherapy drugs with a sensor that captures, records, and shares information with healthcare providers (with the patient's consent) regarding the drug dosage and time, plus other data on rest and activity, heart rate and more.
"Smart contact lenses" are being developed that integrate sensors and chips that can monitor health diagnostics based on information from the eye and eye fluid. One smart contact lens in development aims to monitor glucose levels that will hopefully allow diabetics to monitor their glucose levels without repeated pinpricks throughout the day.
Taking it up a notch is the Brain Computer Interface (BCI), where a person's brain is actually merged with an external device for monitoring and controlling in real-time. The ultimate goal is to help restore function to individuals with disabilities by using brain signals rather than conventional neuromuscular pathways.
But not all Internet of Bodies use cases are for healthcare reasons. Bioengineering company, Biohax has embedded chips in more than 4,000 people primarily for convenience. In one widely reported example, 50 employees of Three Square Market agreed to have an RFID microchip the size of a large grain of rice (similar to what's embedded in pets to be able to identify and locate them when they are lost) implanted. This chip allows these employees to gain access to the building without a key, pay for items with a wave of their hand at the vending machine by deducting the amount immediately from their account rather than use money and log onto their computers.
Challenges Faced by Internet of Bodies Technology
The situation of U.S. Vice President Cheney getting a defibrillator not connected to WiFi for security reasons illustrates one of the biggest challenges faced by Internet of Bodies technology—how to secure the devices and information they collect and transmit. Nearly half a million pacemakers were recalled in 2017 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration over security issues requiring a firmware update. The security challenges faced by Internet of Bodies tech are similar to what plagues Internet of Things generally, but there can be life and death consequences when IoB devices are involved. Additionally, IoB devices create another cyber security challenge that will need to be safeguarded from hackers.
Privacy is also of paramount concern. Questions about who can access the data and for what purpose need answers. For example, a device that monitors health diagnostics could also track unhealthy behaviors. Will health insurance companies be able to deny coverage when a customer's IoB device reports their behavior? A cochlear implant could restore hearing, but it might also record all audio in a person's environment. Will that data remain private?
As Internet of Bodies tech continues to grow, regulatory and legal issues will have to be resolved and policies built around the proper use of the technology.
Have you heard the term the Internet of Bodies (IoB)? That may conjure up a few thoughts that have nothing to do with the true nature of the term, but it's about using the human body as the latest data platform. At first, this concept seems quite creepy, but then when you realize the possibilities it creates, it becomes quite exciting. Here we explore what the Internet of Bodies is, some examples in use today, and a few of the challenges it presents.
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text:
New Planet wins Gold and Silver
This past weekend New Planet Beer joined a host of other brewers from across the country in Manitou Springs, Colorado for the 9th Annual Craft Lager & Small Batch Festival. The festival was, to say the least, a rousing success! Saturday was extremely busy with new and old fans alike keeping the line in front of our tent one of the longest of the festival. One random checked revealed that more than 30 thirsty fans were waiting patiently for a single ounce of New Planet's sweet nectar! Much positive feedback was received, including many non-GF folks remarking that Off Grid Pale Ale was "the best Pale Ale at the whole festival". The good times kept rolling on Sunday during the awards ceremony when it was announced that New Planet Beer had take not just one, but two medals in the gluten-free category: Off Grid Pale Ale led the way with our newest beer's first medal, a gold! And 3R Raspberry Ale, in it's typical fashion, racked up yet another medal, adding to its already impressive haul from the GABF and LA International Beer Competition with a silver. Sunday proved to be busy as well as tasters flocked to New Planet's tent to sample the gold and silver medal recipients. The Festival was a fantastic time for all involved and we're already looking forward to defending our medals at next year's 10th Annual!
August 17, 2011 /2 Comments/by GFBeer
0 0 GFBeer https://newplanetbeer.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/npb-logo-hr-252x300.png GFBeer2011-08-17 11:25:182011-08-17 11:25:18New Planet wins Gold and Silver
Teresa Snethun says:
Is it possible to get this beer in Canada
GFBeer says:
We are actually working on bringing New Planet Beer to Canada. We'll let you know when it's available.
Mix up your New Planet Beer September 13th: Gluten Gladiator Dinner


It's been fifteen years since Hollywood hotties Russell Crowe and Leo DiCaprio starred together in "The Quick and the Dead" -- and "Extra" is behind the scenes of their silver screen reunion in "Body of Lies."
Crowe went on the record about working with the "Titanic" hunk, saying that working with DiCaprio is "pretty much exactly the same... except he can drink legally now and he's no longer a virgin!"
The "Gladiator" also told "Extra" about a practical joke he played on Leo while the two filmed the western. "I'd wait until he was sitting in the makeup chair and I'd walk past him and go "Achoo!" and I'd squirt the atomizer so just little bits of fine mist would form on his face and he'd obviously assume it was mucus." On hearing the truth, DiCaprio laughs, "I'm really happy. It's been bothering me for decades."
The Aussie actor is sporting longer hair for his new flick about Robin Hood, and admits that he hasn't taken to his long locks, saying, "It's like walking around with a dead koala on your back."
Catch DiCaprio and Crowe's onscreen reunion when "Body of Lies" opens October 10.


LG is leaving no stone unturned in creating interest around its upcoming G6 flagship. Soon after confirming Quad DAC support for the G6, LG has now confirmed that the smartphone will be given out to select users under 'Preliminary Experiment Group' ahead of the actual launch. The South Korean company has also reportedly shared a new teaser that promises "reliability" for LG G6 users.
LG has announced that it will ship the G6 to selected users under the company's 'Pre-release Strategy Recruiting' which will help the company to collect feedback from consumers ahead of actual release in the market. LG has already made a smart decision to use Snapdragon 821 SoC which will give it a headstart against Samsung's next flagship smartphone which is not expected to go on sale before April.
The company is running several contests on its social platforms to choose limited users which will receive the G6 later this month. LG has announced that it will select 210 users which will be receiving LG G6 for trails 'free of cost'. Unfortunately, the pre-launch trials program seems to be limited to the South Korean market.
Separately, LG has shared a teaser with Android Central teasing "reliability" in its latest attempt to create hype around the G6. According to an image shared by LG, the company says, "Reliability. Check, Check, Check." alongside a tagline that says "witness the next-generation smartphone brought to you first by LG." The teaser image includes the launch date for the LG G6 smartphone. The company further is seen stressing on quality of its smartphone and also teases free screen replacement option. In another teaser, LG says, "I don't want to keep paying for fixing a cracked screen or anything." The second teaser could be an indication that the company may be utilising Moto-like technology for a shatter-proof display screen. Though for now, it's too soon to comment on anything. We will have to wait till LG's February 26 event to see what the company has in stores for consumers.
Android Central also points that LG may be bringing a permanent fix to the company's bootloop issue that has plagued other LG devices in the past. The South Korean company previously had to acknowledge bootloop issues on the LG G4 and LG V20.
LG's G6 flagship smartphone will be unveiled at the company's February 26 event which will begin at 4.30pm IST (12.00pm CET).
Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar on Sunday launched public Wi-Fi hotspots to provide wireless Internet connectivity to users in Gurgaon.
People visiting MG Road, Sadar Bazaar, Sector 29 market, and Sarhaul Village can enjoy free Wi-Fi sessions on their devices. Users will be able to enjoy a free daily quota limit of 30 minutes per day per device, Airtel said in a statement.
Airtel had won the mandate for the Wi-Fi launch from Municipal Corporation of Gurgaon last year.
The free Wi-Fi service is open to all users with compatible devices. When in proximity to the Wi-Fi, the user has to just enable Wi-Fi in device settings and search for 'MSG powered by Airtel', Airtel said.
One can continue to use the Wi-Fi services post 30 minutes also, however they will be charged a nominal amount, Airtel said.


Trailing 20-10 late in the first quarter and 24-16 early in the second period, Paint Valley used a 12-0 run to grab a lead they would never relinquish in a 64-52 win at Adena, Saturday night.
Adena came out on fire, shooting 57% in the first quarter, but the Bearcats kept pace at 54% and closed a double-digit deficit to 20-14 at the end of the period. Paint Valley outscored the Warriors 18-10 in that second quarter for a 32-30 lead at half. A 17-10 third quarter helped the Cats pull away to the win.
Three Bearcats hit for double-figures as sophomore Bryce Newland led way with 22 points- including six three-pointers. Dylan Swingle's 19 points made him Paint Valley's all-time leading scorer, surpassing Mick Shoemaker, while Hunter Hamlin added 17 points.
Adena saw junior Zach Fout led his club with 18 points, hitting his first three field goals from the arc and had 15 of his tally in the first half. Sophomore Caleb Fogelsong came off the bench to score 12 points.
For the game, Paint Valley was 26/47 for 55%- including 6/8 from the arc and 6/12 from the foul line. Adena was 21/49 from the field for 43%- including 4/15 from the arc and 6/10 at the charity stripe.
The Bearcats won the glass 28-18, with both teams committing 11 turnovers.
Paint Valley improves to (6-4/9-6) and will host Unioto on Friday, with 94 Country WKKJ broadcasting. Unioto won their 65th consecutive SVC game Saturday with a 65-28 victory over Westfall.
Adena dropped to (2-7/3-11) on the season.


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When visiting Asia, be sure to include a stop in Seoul on your itinerary. You won't regret it for it has some of the most incredible experiences waiting for you. Set amidst towering skyscrapers, you'll find ancient palaces and other historical treasures. Then there's all the museums, entertainment, shopping, dining, and culture.
Unlike any other city though, Seoul has this uniquely quirky vibe that's adorable and charming. Be ready for it to steal your heart away. Here are some experiences to make sure you have while there.
In the subway stations underground, you'll get so much bang for your Korean won when you pop by the street food stalls. Adventurous eaters simply must try the fish cakes but if you're a little timid with your tummy, try the waffles. And if you can handle spicy, make sure you try tteokbokki, very spicy and saucy rice cakes.
There are so many things to see in Seoul that it's impossible to see all of it unless you move there, but you can most certainly try. The five grand palaces are an awesome place to start. Each one - Gyeongbokgung Palace, Gyeonghuigung Palace, Changdeokgung Palace, Deoksugung Palace, and Changgyeonggung Palace – is from the Choson (also Joseon) dynasty and they're spectacular. If you have very limited time, choose Gyeongbokgung Palace as it has two museums on-site and was also the first of the palaces.
If you're going to take a day tour anywhere, get on board a DMZ tour. You get as close as you can to North Korea and delve into the history of the Korean War. It's a fascinating day-long experience that takes you down the 3rd Tunnel and to the Yeolsoe Observation Deck, plus it includes a delightful Korean-style lunch, complete with all kinds of tasty banchan (those dazzling side dishes you get for free with your meal at every Korean restaurant).
Experience Seoul like a child, or with childlike wonder. Whether you're a solo traveler or traveling with the clan, a stop by Lotte World is a must. Take the Seoul Metro to Jamsil Station and walk out Exit 4 and you'll be fascinated by this Korean version of Disney World before you. It features a fantastic indoor amusement area as well as a larger outdoor area and is great fun for all ages.
Korean cuisine is one of the best things about Seoul. One aspect of it involves temple foods, embracing the Buddhist culture. It's completely vegan but even meat-eaters will be completely impressed. There are many great temple food restaurants in Seoul, but the best are in Insadong, particularly Sanchon, which has a fantastic traditional drum show with dinner service.
Don't miss out on the opportunity to see some theatre while you're in Seoul. Even if you don't understand a word of Korean, it doesn't matter. Shows like Nanta or Jump use nonverbal communications to entertain and they're truly spectacular. Both are very slapstick in nature and incredibly hilarious.
At night, Seoul really comes alive. One of the things Koreans love to do is go to norebang. This is their version of karaoke and it's better than anything you've ever experienced. Instead of being forced to sing awkwardly in front of a room full of strangers, norebang (which literally means "singing room) is a facility that features numerous private rooms. Some places are more upscale than others, but they all have the same theme – sound systems, big play lists (even in English), and the ability to conjure up more booze and snacks with the push of a button.
The biggest fashions and trends in the world usually start right here in Seoul. It's a place where shopping is everywhere and fun, though the best deals are in the underground malls like the GotoMall in the Gangnum Terminal. Above ground, Myeongdong and Dongdaemun are great places to shop where you'll find everything from shoes to bags and trendy clothes to jewelry plus loads of Korean kitsch that makes for great souvenirs.
Insadong is a bit of a touristy street, but it's a must-see. It's lined with art galleries, cafes, and plenty of places to score some special Korean souvenirs. There's also a huge following for crazy socks here so if you know someone back home that would love a pair of socks with K-Pop bands emblazoned all over it, this is the place to be.
Compact travel humidifier – this is so important in the winter because Koreans heat the floors. That's cozy, but the air is so dry and it really dries you out. Use this to keep your nasal passages and your skin from drying out. Plus it could serve you as a white noise machine due to its soothing sounds.
Seasonal clothing – It gets cold in Seoul and snows a lot during winter so come prepared. In spring and summer, it can still be chilly at night, so a windbreaker is always a good idea.
Toiletries – Korea has some of the best cosmetics and skincare products on the planet and they're worth shopping for, but don't forget your basic grooming essentials, like toothpaste. You can of course find it in Seoul but it might taste very different than what you're used to.
Medicines – Prescription or OTC, make sure you have what you need. You don't want to wind up with heartburn from spicy food and have trouble trying to track down an antacid.
Leave some room in your bag when you're packing because you'll find so much you'll want to take back home with you. By far though, the best treasures you'll take back from Seoul will be the ones in your heart.
Hannah Edmonds is a creative and enthusiastic freelance writer who has been loving this gig for 8 years now. Her personal mission is to encourage a happier, healthier and more fulfilling life experience for people through her writing, and this is her true passion. She is very adept at details, produces only first-rate work, and avoids fluff as well as redundancy. Hannah's goal is for people to grow their knowledge so they can keep evolving and growing. She has gained a lot of experience and has honed her craft through several years of work with different websites and blogs. Aside from writing, Hannah absolutely loves to travel, read, and loves anything that pertains to sports.


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March 09, 2011 News & Features » Cover Story
Civil War tourism is a billion-dollar business. But marketing Richmond's history is tougher than it looks.
GETTYSBURG WAS THE biggest.
Sharpsburg was the bloodiest.
Richmond wants to be the best.
In one month, the nation will begin observing the 150th anniversary of the Civil War, a desperate and lengthy struggle that caused the deaths of 620,000 men. Richmond played a critical role in that conflict, as both the Confederate capital and the heart of the Southern domestic slave trade.
Now, a century and a half later, Richmond is fighting a new battle: to be the center of Civil War tourism.
War is hell. But it's also profitable, a U.S. Travel Association white paper notes: "Nearly 150 years after the fact, the four-year epic (1861-1865) that pitted states against states and neighbors against neighbors provides an excellent marketing opportunity to drive domestic and international visitation."
The Gettysburg area expects $2 billion in tourists' money — yes, billion — to roll in from now until 2015. Seventeen states, along with countless museums, towns and organizations, are busy planning their pieces of the sesquicentennial celebrations. But Virginia, and especially Richmond, wants to become the premier destination for Civil War tourism.
"The return on investment for tourism is immediate and proven," says a recent report from Gov. Bob McDonnell's Economic Development and Jobs Creation Commission. A study of Virginia's tourism marketing by research company Longwoods International determined that for every dollar spent on advertising, $75 is spent by travelers. In 2009, the commission says, 60 million visitors came to Virginia, spending $19.2 billion and providing $1.28 billion in state and local taxes.
A July 2010 survey conducted by the Travel Association and the Ypartnership found that 31 percent of American adults — that's 72.2 million people — "reported significant interest" in including a Civil War site or trail while on a leisure trip. Surprisingly, the study shows that interest remains just as high whether you ask Gen-Yers or boomers, whites or blacks, men or women.
After David Sheatsley, the association's director of marketing research, presented these numbers at an October conference, he was bombarded with calls from states such as Iowa "that all of a sudden realized they had connections to the Civil War," he says. They wanted to cash in.
But Virginia was way ahead of them.
Statewide planning for the 150th began in 2006. Because Virginia was the first to start, it was able to snag significant funding from external sources, including nearly $1 million from the National Endowment for the Humanities. "Nobody else really has anything," says Cheryl Jackson, executive director of the Virginia Sesquicentennial of the American Civil War Commission.
Richmond wasn't far behind. In 2008, the city formed a planning committee of history and marketing experts to figure out how best to sell the city for the sesquicentennial.
They soon figured out a few important things. One, "sesquicentennial" was too difficult to spell. Two, Richmond wouldn't turn the Civil War into a party, like Charleston with its hoop-skirted Secession Ball. "We always say 'commemoration,' not 'celebration,'" explains Jennifer Carnam, vice president of marketing for the Richmond Metropolitan Convention and Visitors Bureau. And three, emancipation was an essential, equal part of the story.
The committee picked a marketing tag line: the Union battle cry "On To Richmond!" And it set lofty (though preliminary) goals: to bring 25 percent more visitors to the area's Civil War and emancipation-related sites, and to get them to stay longer and spend 10 percent more than they usually do.
Some sites think they'll do even better. Nearly 280,000 people visited the Richmond National Battlefield Park's 13 sites last year, says Superintendent David Ruth. By 2014, he wants to double that.
The American Civil War Center expects to increase paid admissions by 50 percent by 2015.
The entire Richmond region saw 5.7 million visitors last year, who spent almost $2 billion, according to the visitors' bureau. But almost half of those visitors came here to see friends or family, not for the history.
In the tourism industry, there's no consensus yet about who's the No. 1 Civil War destination, Sheatsley says, nor how much money's at stake.
But "the potential is huge," he says. And the surge in tourism "can be sustained for four years and perhaps even longer."
SO WHAT'S GOING to bring tourists here?
The Richmond area doesn't have any of the big celebrity sites, the names everyone associates with the Civil War: Sumter, Manassas, Antietam, Gettysburg, Appomattox. Instead, what we have is a plenitude of historic places and battlefields, a bunch of museums, and a tangled, terrible and fascinating story.
Virginia has nearly a third of all Civil War sites, more than any other state — 123, according to a 1997 National Park Service report. The Richmond National Battlefield Park, part of the National Parks, encompasses 13 separate sites, and the Petersburg National Battlefield system has 13 more.
Ruth, superintendent of the Richmond National Battlefield Park and Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site, expects heightened interest in Richmond's battlefields for the duration of the sesquicentennial. There are two particular times when they'll be in the spotlight. The first is July 2012, the anniversary of the Seven Days Battles, when a vast Union army was assembled outside Richmond. The really big year for Richmond's battlefields is 2014, the anniversary of the Richmond-Petersburg campaign. Those months of trench warfare were so bloody and desperate that the entire world was shocked, Ruth says.
It's not just about battlefields, though. Another big draw for Richmond is its unique legacy of slavery and emancipation.
Richmond was at the center of domestic slave trading — "slavery at its absolutely most brutal," Ruth says. It was also where slaves seized the war as an opportunity to claim their freedom, where U.S. Colored Troops won 14 Medals of Honor for their valor at the Battle of New Market Heights in Henrico County, and where blacks built a thriving business district in Jackson Ward after the war. "Richmond can tell that story the way no other destination can," says Carnam of the visitors' bureau.
Plans are in the works for a downtown heritage district that encompasses Lumpkin's Jail, where slaves were held and sold; the African Burial Ground; a genealogy center where people can learn about their enslaved ancestors; and a national slavery museum. These plans are yet in their infancy; no timeline has been developed, says Janine Bell, director of the Elegba Folklore Society and vice-chairwoman of City Council's Slave Trail Commission.
Visitors who want to explore the legacy of slavery in Richmond can visit the Lumpkin's Jail site and walk the Slave Trail in Manchester (Bell gives frequent tours), where interpretive signs will be unveiled April 3. The African Burial Ground land, now a Virginia Commonwealth University parking lot, will be officially conveyed to the city in July and turned into a memorial park while long-term plans are finalized.
"Richmond is really blessed to have this history. I don't want to take the horror away from it," Bell says — but the city has an opportunity, she says, to become a model for how to honor and memorialize the history of slavery.
Richmond also has the two classic draws for Civil War tourists: Abraham Lincoln and Confederate generals.
"Why does the Confederacy seem to be more popular than the Union?" asks S. Waite Rawls III, president of the Museum of the Confederacy. "I don't know. But it is." Instead of backing away from its Monument Avenue figures, he says, the city needs to promote them.
And when it comes to tourism, "any connection you can make to Abraham Lincoln is important," Carnam says. The president came to Richmond in April 1865, when the city was still smoldering, and visited the White House of the Confederacy.
Lincoln is such a huge draw for Civil War tourists that Ruth has kicked around the idea of bringing all the Lincoln impersonators he can find to Richmond for the 150th anniversary of the 1865 visit. Imagine a flock of black frock coats and stovepipe hats — perfect YouTube fodder. "We're kind of looking for ways to make people freak out," Ruth says. To still give the sesquicentennial the gravity it deserves, he clarifies, "but to do it in a different way than we've done in the past."
WITH ALL THESE historic attractions, can Richmond defeat its tourism archrival?
Gettysburg, a quaint town of about 8,000 people in southern Pennsylvania, is "the 800-pound gorilla" of Civil War destinations, Carnam says.
Its major claim to fame is the Battle of Gettysburg, the most significant battle of the war. On July 1-3, 1863, Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia clashed with George G. Meade's Union Army of the Potomac. More than 7,500 men died in the course of three days, and three times as many were wounded. The Confederates were routed, and Lee retreated.
The battle re-enactment is a "must-see, must-be spectacle," says Linwood Sloan, Pennsylvania's director of cultural and heritage tourism: "If you like to be in the middle of it, you like to get in the dirty of it, July 4, 2013, is going to be a fabulous event."
Lincoln is also a big draw: He gave his famous (and brief) Gettysburg Address there in November 1863, at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery.
Gettysburg hopes to increase its visitors from 3 million each year to a peak of 4 million visitors in 2013, generating a $2 billion economic impact for Adams County during the four and a half years.
To draw in motorists, the state is spending $1.2 million just on signs and stationing 36 costumed actors at various Civil War sites 25 hours a week.
But to stretch one battle into years' worth of tourism, the state is taking an unexpected marketing tack. Rather than go for the ol' guts-and-glory, the Gettysburg area wants to tell the home-front stories, Sloan says, the stories of farmers and fields.
After all, he says, "there's no such thing as battlefields." They were originally farm fields, or homesteads, or pastures. Lee never even intended to fight there; he was mainly interested in raiding lush little Pennsylvania towns for food and supplies.
Farmers and fields? Whatever, Richmond's boosters say.
Gettysburg has a single strong story, they agree, and not much else to do. "There ain't no Carytown in Gettysburg," Rawls says.
YET A BIG booming battle is a natural draw, while the very complexity of Richmond's story may be a tough sell to tourists.
Richmond's museums are each tackling a different angle — and trying hard not to step on each other's toes. "There's a huge amount of cooperation going on," says Paul Levengood, executive director of the Virginia Historical Society.
The American Civil War Center at Tredegar wants to be the first stop for visitors.
Someone needs to help people get a grasp on the history and figure out where to go, says its president, Christy Coleman: "We're going to go ahead and claim the mantle and help people understand how Richmond is the epicenter of all of this."
The Civil War Center, which focuses on the political and social stories of the Civil War, soon will redo its visitor orientation center, working with the state and city tourism boards to become a total "gateway to the Civil War."
The Richmond National Battlefield Park wants to shed its stodginess.
The system of 13 sites is getting significant funding from the National Park Service to spruce up its offerings in time for the sesquicentennial.
The park is spending $200,000 to produce and install 101 new signs intended to plunge visitors into the action. Some signs include newly unearthed photographs, like one showing both Confederate and Union lines at Fort Harrison, and even specially commissioned paintings.
The park is spending another $220,000 to redo the visitor centers at Cold Harbor and Fort Harrison, a project that should be completed by June. And it's seeking more funds to open up a new, little-known battle site in Hanover County called Totopotomoy Creek or Rural Plains. The 124-acre site includes the battle-damaged house, built around 1723, where Patrick Henry was married.
The park system also is creating electronic maps that will help visitors find the exact spot where an ancestor's regiment fought. "The battlefield will light up and the dot will be there," superintendent Ruth explains. The first map, for Beaverdam Creek, is nearly done.
The Virginia Historical Society wants to have the must-see exhibit.
"An American Turning Point," which opened Feb. 4, is the first time the historical society has sought to examine the Civil War in its entirety, says its president, Paul Levengood. That is, not only soldiers, spies and generals but also the "average people who are swept up in a conflict that's not of their own making," he says.
The exhibit has some memorable artifacts, such as Stonewall Jackson's pocket watch and a window frame from Libby Prison carved with a Union prisoner's name, as well as 16 interactive and immersive pieces.
The exhibit's opening weekend set an attendance record. Levengood says he hesitates to predict how many people will come, but expects 2011 to bring double-digit increases over last year. In 2012, the exhibit will begin traveling to other Virginia institutions, and the historical society will show other, smaller, Civil War-related exhibits.
The Museum of the Confederacy wants to regain its glory.
It has struggled financially during the last few years, as visitation declined and the ever-growing VCU Medical Center overshadowed the museum and its White House of the Confederacy. Things are looking better for the museum, Rawls says. January saw about 15 percent more visitors compared with last year, he says, and inquiries from tour groups are up 50 percent.
Two new exhibits just opened: one about life on the home front and one displaying curiosities from the collections. The provisional Confederate Constitution is on display until March 11. In September, the museum broke ground on a $7.5 million building in Appomattox, where it will be able to display hundreds of artifacts and documents it's now forced to keep in storage.
The Black History Museum and Cultural Center of Virginia wants to get past the war.
The Jackson Ward museum, celebrating its 30th anniversary this year, secured a major exhibit from the Smithsonian that opens in July. It's a collection of portraits of notable African Americans called "Let Your Motto Be Resistance."
The Civil War is "a tough topic," says Director Maureen Elgersman-Lee, and not one that's particularly popular among the museum's audience. Nevertheless, the 150th anniversary of emancipation in 2013 is "going to be very exciting," she says.
The Valentine Richmond History Center wants to get people talking.
Interestingly, the city's own museum isn't planning any special sesquicentennial exhibit. There are a few reasons for this, director Bill Martin says. One, the Valentine will be doing some serious renovations during the next few years, and may close for a time. Two, he says, "there are other institutions that are really focused on that single story."
Instead, the Valentine is stepping up its programming. It's adding more walking tours and Civil War bus tours to sites around Richmond. And it's holding a series of community conversations in which local historians and museum leaders speak about the city's history and invite public discussion.
From these conversations, Martin says, the Valentine will be able to gauge what Richmonders know, and what they don't know, about their own history. Then, after the Civil War hoopla is over, the Valentine intends to open an exhibit that tells Richmond's story in an entirely new way.
THE BATTLEFIELDS ARE greening up. The museum gift shops are stocked.
But will they come? Is Richmond successfully marketing itself as the must-see destination?
"I think so," says Coleman, of the American Civil War Center. She's seen encouraging signs, like the 24 bus tours booked by one Connecticut operator, each of which will bring people to Richmond for three days in the fall.
Other museum leaders think Richmond needs to try harder.
"I hope Richmonders don't have to explain after the sesquicentennial why we didn't do more," Rawls says.
A year ago, Richmond's convention and visitors' bureau surveyed people who had inquired about visiting the city in the past. The survey found that about half were aware that the 150th anniversary of the Civil War was coming up, and 40 percent said they were likely to visit Richmond during that time. But just 14 percent recalled seeing any information about specific commemoration events. The implication, the bureau's survey found, was that "additional promotion may be necessary to raise recall and timely interest in visiting."
With $97,000 budgeted for online and traditional marketing this year, the visitors' bureau is taking out ads in USA Today next month, as well as focusing its marketing efforts on the places from whence visitors already come: Raleigh, Atlanta and Washington. The Gallery Place-Chinatown Metro station will be plastered in Richmond tourism ads in April, Carnam says. Last weekend, she traveled to the United Kingdom to hype Richmond overseas.
While the state Civil War commission is spending $2 million each year of the sesquicentennial, most of that money is going to educational exhibits and opportunities for Virginians, not to draw non-Virginians here. Rawls calls the effort shortsighted. "They should have spent more," he says.
The real key to making the sesquicentennial a success, Levengood says, is "for Richmonders themselves to learn a little more about what lies around them and what lies underfoot." Promoting Richmond's charms by word of mouth will always be more powerful than an ad campaign on the History Channel, he says.
"Every day here is a destination," Rawls says. "It's our contention that the best event during the whole four-year period is any day in Richmond."
Take that, Gettysburg. S
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The Labour Ministry published for debate a project for the completion of the Order that contains the RPC numbers. The new professions to be included are related to manual labour and require basic study level and no specific training. The normative act offers general information on the professions. For each profession a 6 digit number is assigned. The first digit is an indication of the family of professions and the subsequent digits are indicative of the actual activity. The employers use the RPC as a starting point for the job description for each profession. When the RPC doesn't classify a specific profession, the employers use the RPC number assigned to the most similar profession. The new Order will be enforced in June 2018.


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NSW Ports welcomes the largest container vessel to ever visit Port Botany
NSW Ports is pleased to welcome the largest capacity container ship to ever call at Port Botany, with the arrival of the record-breaking vessel, the Ural today.
Capable of carrying 10,662 Twenty Foot Equivalent Units (or TEUs - the standard measurement of a container), the spectacular Ural is almost double the size of the typical 5,500 TEU container ship currently visiting the port. At 299 metres long, 48.2 metres wide, and 66.5 metres high from keel to mast, the vessel is the size of three consecutive football fields and as high as a 15-storey building.
The Ural is named after the Ural mountain range that runs from north to south through western Russia and is one of six currently deployed on the South-East Asia - Australia trade route called the 'AAX1'. The vessel commenced its 42-day round-trip in Malaysia, calling at Singapore, before making its way around Australia's south-west and southern coast to call at Port Botany. It will be serviced at Patrick Terminals - Sydney AutoStrad, before departing on Tuesday 30 June 2020.
NSW Ports CEO, Marika Calfas says, "As Australia's premium container port, Port Botany handles more than 99% of NSW's container volume (with 2.6 million TEU per annum) and is inextricably linked to our lives and our lifestyles.
"We rely on Port Botany to facilitate the daily trade of everyday goods and critical supplies into our nation, while connecting our exporters with the global marketplace. In fact, nearly half (42%) of all goods in a Sydney household have been imported in a container through Port Botany – everything from food, beverages, footwear and floor coverings to mattresses, paints, fridges, televisions and toys."
Marika says that the arrival of the record-breaking Ural demonstrates the resilience of Port Botany, despite the current COVID-19 pandemic, "As an essential service, Port Botany has remained open and operating 24/7 to keep the goods flowing to service the people and businesses of NSW.
"Ships continue to arrive regularly at Port Botany, carrying supplies including food, beverages, retail and construction goods and manufactured items as well as bulk liquid imports of petrol, LPG and chemicals, with minimal disruption."
Year to date, as at May (11 months), FY20 total container volumes at Port Botany are down 6.4% on the prior year's volumes, which in relative terms is a strong position given what's happening around the world. Importantly, unlike many industries which have had to stand down their people, during this time our port workers have remained in employment, working around the clock to facilitate our trade needs.
Marika adds that arrival of this spectacular sized ship also demonstrates Port Botany's ability to accommodate the next generation of global container vessels, "While most ships calling into Australia are around 5000-6000 TEU, container vessel sizes are increasing due to the steady increase in the international container freight task and the consolidation of freight by shipping lines to achieve economies of scale. We are pleased to welcome these large vessels and expect to see more visit Port Botany in the future."
Background stats on Port Botany – an essential service supporting NSW
Port Botany operates 24/7 and handles 99% of NSW's container volumes (2.6 million Twenty Foot Container Equivalents (or TEUs, which is the standard measurement of a container) and the bulk of NSW's LPG, fuel and other bulk liquid needs.
The port plays a critical social and economic role delivering:
$3.7 billion to NSW's economy every year
Supporting 25,000 jobs
Nearly half (42%) of all goods in a Sydney household have been imported in a container through Port Botany – everything from food, beverages, footwear and floor coverings to mattresses, paints, fridges, televisions and toys.
Nearly one in four Australians, or around six million people have a financial interest in Port Botany through their Australian superannuation funds.
Port Botany has a natural deep-water shipping channel, 12 container vessel berths, a short transit to and from berth facilities and infrastructure in place to handle ships up to 15,000 TEU today.
For more information on NSW Ports and an analysis of Port Botany's trade statistics throughout the COVID-19 pandemic visit: nswports.com.au
To download this media release click here.
For more media information please contact NSW Ports on 0410 597 547 or vida.cheeseman@nswports.com.au
NSW Ports manages Port Botany and Port Kembla, key export and import gateways connecting to global markets, and the Enfield Intermodal Logistics Centre and the Cooks River Intermodal Terminal. NSW Ports is a private consortium of leading institutional investors: IFM Investors (including Cbus, HESTA and Hostplus), AustralianSuper, Tawreed Investments Limited and Q Super. Our shareholders represent over six million Australian superannuation fund members and are long term investors with interests in a range of Australian infrastructure assets.