text:
APPEARS IN News Game Whitetails
Oklahoma Hunter Tags 30-Point Drought Buck
by Jeff Johnston - Monday, April 7, 2014
Sure, there's luck involved in all successful hunts, but some hinge on it more than others. We've all heard of the fair-weather hunter who blunders into the woods an hour late only to be nearly run over by a wall-hanger. Many more success stories, however, involve huge amounts of preparation and patience to leverage what luck is given. Generally, the hunters who consistently take mature whitetails are more than lucky.
What follows is not a cleverly disguised advertisement, but a real story of an average American hunter who helped forge his own luck despite tough environmental conditions. It happens thousands of times around the country. Next year it could be you, but it's not likely if you don't start planning now.
Brad Gaddis, of Ada, Okla., considers himself a serious whitetail hunter, and by modern standards he is—just ask his fiancée. This 30-year-old owner of a landscaping company spends approximately 150 days per year hunting, scouting or prepping properties he leases exclusively for deer hunting. He partners with hunting buddies who share his management goals so they can split costs. Gaddis is not foreign to big bucks—he killed a 165-class deer a few years back—but his secrets are not so secret: He hunts areas that have big-buck potential, plants food plots to improve the herd's nutrition, monitors trail cams, hunts when the conditions are right and passes up small bucks. Practicing this discipline in southwest Oklahoma, like most free-range places in the country, means that many years he doesn't shoot a buck at all. Fortunately for Gaddis, last year was not one of them.
In 2011, Oklahoma, like the entirety of the Southwest including most of Texas, faced its worst drought in at least 50 years. Ponds dried up, wildfires destroyed lives, farmers filed for bankruptcy and millions of trees—even ancient oaks—shriveled up and died. Trees that held on produced no mast. Deer and wildlife had to look for other food sources. Many of them perished, and the ones that made it had few surplus nutrients for antler production. Anticipating this, Gaddis called the Whitetail Institute hotline and asked company reps what he could do to hedge his property's deer, if not his deer season.
Whitetail Institute's in-house expert, William Cousins, suggested several different products along with specific planting instructions. He strongly suggested Gaddis conduct a soil-pH test, and warned that if there was no rain immediately after the suggested late-September to early-October planting window, the effort and money spent could be a total waste.
Sometimes it's better to be lucky than good.
"I received my seed in the mail around September 1," recalled Gaddis. "I prepped the ground but was forced to wait a few days for the weather to cooperate." He finally got the seed in the ground Sept. 15 then crossed his fingers.
Gaddis' food plot was a modest 5-acre meadow surrounded by thick woods. Rather unconventionally, he planted a variety of Whitetail Institute's products there, including Imperial Whitetail Forage Oats, Pure Attraction and "Chic" Magnet. "I was fortunate enough to get a timely rain, and by October 1 the oats started to sprout and the deer immediately started moving in," he said.
Just a few days later, Gaddis noted a couple dozen deer were using the plot on a regular basis, including half a dozen bucks. At midday on Oct. 5, he ventured to the edge of the plot to check his camera. Although shrouded by haze induced from nighttime camera flash, the images on the camera's memory card revealed a large buck as it entered the plot and fed.
"The buck was a long way from the camera and hard to make out," said Gaddis, "so I didn't realize exactly how big he was." Regardless, a potential shooter excited him. He'd heard county-wide reports from peers and local forums that antler production was way down. Few hunters he knew had even spotted a quality buck. He slipped out of the woods with renewed hope for the drought-stricken season.
He returned two days later to check the camera. This time it had captured some really good photos. Clearly the buck was a monster, with non-typical points jutting from all angles in a starburst pattern. Gaddis had hunted the property for several years but hadn't seen this buck before, or anything remotely like him. The deer was obviously healthy, gorging on the high-protein forage, and looked like his antler growth had been in overdrive.
"My initial thought was that he was at least 200 inches—incredible for any year, but especially this year. He was by far the largest buck I'd ever hunted," said Gaddis. Though he was ready to begin his quest, the wind didn't cooperate for his stand location for the next full week, so Gaddis remained patient, opting to stay out of the area. As anyone who has a hunted a big buck knows, this is sometimes the most challenging—and important—aspect of the hunt.
Gaddis continued to monitor trail cam photos, and was amazed and emboldened when they showed the buck mowing down the plot every single night. Finally, on Oct. 12, the wind switched in his favor.
"I hunted every day from October 12 to October 25 without ever sighting him—which didn't surprise me that much because I knew he was feeding at night. I passed several nice bucks in the 140- to 150-class range during this time," said Gaddis.
By now, the 30-year-old business owner was fully consumed. "Brad lost his mind for almost a month," said Gaddis' fiancée, Loren. "He could barely form sentences. I rarely saw him in person at all."
Oklahoma's primitive arms season began Oct. 26, so in a rare move Gaddis hung up the bow in favor of the longer-reaching blackpowder rifle. He hunted the next two days without spotting the buck. It was at this time he realized he needed to make a tactical change, because the buck, while stuck on the food source, was too wary to enter it during daylight.
"I decided to move back into the timber to cut him off as he headed to the Whitetail Institute plot to feed," said Gaddis. "I hung a new stand on a creek bank where I knew he had to be traveling, and I continued hunting with my rifle." Gaddis was still getting pictures of the giant deer every night, but the deer was extremely nocturnal. Then, something changed.
On Nov. 1, Gaddis had his first encounter when he glimpsed non-typical antlers that sprouted from the deer's head like a crazy coat rack. The mesmerized hunter struggled to even count all its points as the buck cruised by him swiftly in the thick timber behind the food plot.
"By the time I realized it was him, he'd vanished back into the woods," said Gaddis. "But I knew I was getting close at this point, because bucks were starting to chase and he was finally up on his feet during shooting hours."
Like a wild-eyed hound closing in on the track, Gaddis hunted through the last day of blackpowder season. During this time he had several more encounters with the deer that kept him up day and night. Keep in mind, fellow big-buck fanatics: By now he'd hunted this deer for 22 days straight. Gaddis was exhausted, mentally and physically, as were his friends and family—as some of you can relate. It was beginning to get to him. Mercifully, he decided to take a day off.
On Nov. 4 Gaddis slept in, but his sleep was made restless by pangs of self-doubt. By mid-morning, he had to know. So he tiptoed onto the property at midday to check the camera. You guessed it: At exactly 9:30 that morning, the buck was photographed loitering directly under the hunter's stand for 45 minutes with a doe.
"I was sick to my stomach," recalled Gaddis. "But now that I knew he was with a hot doe, I liked my odds. The does were really piling into the food plot at this point, and it was holding them there, so I figured this was my best—and maybe my only—real chance to put the buck on the ground."
The next morning Gaddis grabbed his Mathews Z7 and snuck into his stand much earlier than normal—a full hour before sunup. It was a still, cold November day. A finer day could not be painted in a deer hunter's dream. As the sun began to break the horizon, Gaddis heard heavy hoof prints on the oak leaves. He raised his binocular and saw legs through the brush, headed his way. As they marched closer he realized it was a doe, and then, just behind her, he caught more movement. And there he was, following her closely, coming down the same trail—the trail that passed by his stand.
"I rose to my feet, bow at the ready, and waited for the shot," said Gaddis. "I let him get as close as possible, and when he walked into one of my shooting lanes I grunted."
The giant whitetail stopped in his tracks. Gaddis says it all happened too fast for him to become overly nervous. On autopilot, he drew, held and centered his pin behind the mighty buck's exposed left shoulder as it quartered away slightly. With a thunk, his arrow flew.
"I knew immediately I'd hit him good," he said. "I watched as he ran, thrashing through the timber, until he was out of sight." It was 7:30 in the morning.
Not about to become impatient now, the adrenaline-charged bowhunter let the arrowed buck sit for an hour before starting in on the blood trail. (Loren reports it was more like 20 minutes, based on his phone calls.) At any rate, Gaddis didn't have to go far. The hunter found the Oklahoma behemoth lying stone-dead, less than 100 yards from his stand.
As he approached the deer, Gaddis let out a victory yell.
"I hadn't just killed the biggest buck of my life," he said, "but probably the biggest buck I'll ever see."
Only after he wrapped his hands around the buck's antlers could he appreciate just how big it was. After several attempts, he counted 29 or 30 points. The buck officially netted 2125/8 B&C inches and was estimated at 5 1/2 to 6 1/2 years old—a fact that's pointless now that the buck will live eternally on Gaddis' wall.
There are bigger bucks taken each year around the country, no doubt. But for Brad Gaddis, in this particular year in southwest Oklahoma, this is the best buck in the history of the world, and for that, he knows he's extremely lucky.
30-point buck brad gaddis drought food plots hunting monster buck oklahoma whitetail hunt Whitetail Institute
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Primos Debuts Photoform Turkey Decoys


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[Box Office News] "A Quiet Place Part II" is Loud at the Box Office, Update on "Spiral"
If you keep up with the box office and film industry the way I do, you know it has been mostly crickets since the outbreak brought everything to a halt.
But, if you've looked at the finer details, it shows how important the horror genre has been. Whether it be the modest performing at drive-in theaters or the successes of Come Play (review) and Freaky (review), our genre did a lot to keep people entertained at a time when real life horrors were occurring.
Not only that, but Kong vs. Godzilla (review) jumpstarted the theater industry with numbers we had not seen since pre-Covid. The film landed just shy of 440 million, but was also deemed the most successful film on HBO Max's streaming service at the time of release.
A couple weeks ago, Spiral: From the Book of Saw (review) came to theaters. It was a bold move from Lionsgate and Twisted Pictures, and one that's difficult to make a statement on. The box office is not what it once was, and it'll take a lot for it to heal. At the same time, it will take bold moves from studios and movies to do that. Currently, Spiral stands at 27.4 million total from a budget of a budget of 20 million.
That's not great, but there're asterisks that need addressed.
Domestically, Spiral will likely end up in the mid-20 million rage (crossing the 30 million worldwide threshold). Comparatively, Jigsaw posted a similar decline from Saw: The Final Chapter, making 38 million Stateside compared to The Final Chapter's 45 million.
One thing that'll be key for Spiral is the international return which was responsible for 63% of Jigsaw's 100 million total. Thus far, details are scarce on what kind of worldwide rollout Spiral will receive, if any.
Something else to keep in-mind is synergy and long-term performance. According to The Numbers, Jigsaw made 7 million domestically off Blu-Ray and DVD sales, and that does not include digital purchases or streaming rights that came afterward. Synergy is important because the likelihood that consumers will purchase other movies in the series, boxsets, etc., and that'll trickle down into the bottom line.
Spiral was a costlier film than Jigsaw (double the budget), but still relatively small given all the variables at play. If you're Lionsgate, on one-hand, you might be disappointed your film which had Samuel L. Jackson and Chris Rock was not able to "rebirth" the franchise, so to speak. On the other hand, given the circumstances, you might take it as a mulligan and continue business as usual.
Of course, the real topic at the box office is A Quiet Place Part II.
The film has been released to critical acclaim and has become an absolute hit at the box office. The Krasinski directed sequel was no doubt a large investment from Paramount, who has struggled a lot over the years, and you have to think they're happy with the results. Currently, A Quiet Place Part II sits at 79 million worldwide from a budget of 61 million and it should cross 100 million by Monday, if not a lot sooner than that. The real question will be exactly how high the film can reach before the smoke settles.
We're in very different times and it's hard to predict. On one-hand, sequels (especially horror sequels) tend to be a lot more front-loaded, but, at the same time, pent-up demand might allow the film to climb high.
Next week sees the theatrical release of The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It, a film I'm also very excited about. However, that film will release on HBO Max in unison, which will likely be to its own theatrical detriment (and to Quiet Place's gain). I'm very curious to see how all of it will unfold.
Either way, it's a very busy time to be a horror fan, which I'm grateful for, given the table scraps we settled for the year prior.
Tagged: a quiet place 2, box office, Saw, Spiral
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


9:35 Christmas morning: Men awaiting breakfast at the Catholic Worker where, in the spirit of Christ and Dorothy Day, it is served for the hungry all year round.
In an extemporaneous address that could only be called symphonic in its structure and effect, Dr. Cornel West spoke to an overflow audience at the Friday Night Lecture Series of the Catholic Worker on the occasion of founder Dorothy Days' birthday.
West, a self described "free spirited Baptist" revealed a profound knowledge and insight into the corpus of Day's words and spirituality, finding connections from everyone from Socrates to Dostoevsky to John Coltrane in Day's simple if enormous dictum that "Life is about love overflowing. " West drew inevitable connections from everything to the indignity of Stop and Frisk to the murder by drone foreign policy of the Obama administration in the absence of such spiritual awareness and maturity.
West was as sublime as the subject of which he spoke. It was a most joyful and bracing occasion.
And so on Memorial Day Weekend I went to visit my Ma and together with my wife and child went to visit the grave of Dorothy Day, the astoundingly bold and beautiful co-founder of the Catholic Worker movement. My mother, a devout Catholic who raised and fed eleven children largely on her own after my father's untimely death at age 52, has a soft spot for Day as well as a similar sensibility.
Dorothy Day raised one child but fed untold thousands of men and women whom she perceived as nothing less than children of God, but not before she spent years as a hard drinking journalist of a decidedly anarchistic bent. Day was the acting editor of The Masses when it was shut down by the U. S. government and she was arrested for picketing Woodrow Wilson's White House for women's suffrage. Day was also known for hanging out with the likes of Eugene O' Neill and Kenneth Burke, both of whom it is said, she could drink under the table.
Quite a feat, given the thirsts of such crazed Irishmen. But that was nothing to what she would do in years to come.
While she was still young, Dorothy underwent a crisis of meaning, brought forth, in part, by her experience of having an abortion. This crisis resulted in her conversion to the Catholic Church, hands down the most historically repressive of all Christian denominations and at the same time the church with the richest intellectual and cultural legacy. In short, a complicated institution to say the least. Some of Dorothy's friends were lopsided with shock at her conversion, some considering her mad.
Mad she was and mad she remains in the context of the culture of what William Blake called "Selfhood" in which she was raised and which rages on in ever greater ferocity and diabolical intensity in our own time, when in 1932 she met the enigmatic Peter Maurin. Together they embarked on a project based on the Sermon on the Mount which was both very simple and very radical: to build a " society in which it will be easier to be good." Five months later, at a May Day rally in Union Square, the first Catholic Worker newspaper was sold. The price of the paper in May of 1932 was one penny. Catholic Workers were selling copies of the paper this May Day in Union Square. The price of the paper in May of 2013 remains one penny.
Around the same time Dorothy opened the first Catholic Worker hospitality house in which anyone who showed up was fed, no questions asked. There are now over one hundred spread out in cites all over America. God only knows how many thousands and thousands of despised and desperate souls were fed by Dorothy and those who came after her.
Moreover, there is but one rule: To proselytize was and remains forbidden.
This work of the Catholic Workers is strangely taxing. The people who come to eat are sometimes crazed and often filthy. They are the Unwanted. The Weak. The Failed. They embody the most damning of all American insults: they are the Losers. Their mere presence calls all kinds of metaphysical and theological questions into mind. One must have iron faith. One must have limitless compassion. One must make your breathing and believing one or you may well run out the door in horror.
I was shocked and asked him what on earth he meant by that. Jim went on to say that when you are in love with someone, you see only the good in that person, only the potential in that person. That, said Jim Douglass, was how Dorothy Day saw the world.
I think of those words from time to time or rather they swim into my consciousness to haunt or invite or inspire depending on my mood and my strength at the time of their always unexpected arrival. They bespeak of a spiritual state I can only call sublime. They describe a spiritual power of which I am in awe.
Dorothy Day was a Catholic anarchist. Such a thing is an absurdity, something that should not logically exist. But then so is the sun. And so is the soil. And so a song. And so a frog. And so you. And so I. And so all.
Members of the Catholic Worker and Witness For Torture gathered together at Union Square on this, the most solemn day of the Christian calendar to remind all who passed of the appalling reality of the conditions at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba which remains open fours years after President Barack Obama promised to close the prison within a year of his first inauguration.
More than half of the 166 men at Guantanamo have been "Cleared for Release" by U.S. authorities yet linger in the prison wasting away. For the past six weeks more than 100 of the prisoners have been maintaining a hunger strike so as to bring attention to their plight. It has not succeeded hence the vigil in Union Square.
It is a situation that should fill every American citizen who believes in the rule of law and some semblance of human dignity with shame and horror.
How can you take seriously a group of teachers who are so ignorant (or pretend to be so ignorant) that they look stunned when you inform them that every dime of the $30 million Race to the Top extortion money will be spent, not on teachers and schools, but on consultants and corporations and other lucky players in the Corporate Education Industrial Complex. How can you not find reprehensible a group of teachers who rally, not for their fellow teachers who are being hounded and demoralized and degraded by an increasingly insane system, nor for their beloved students whose schools are being shut down and communities disrupted, but for the teacher's union to immediately agree to an evaluation system riddled with mechanisms designed to destroy the careers of their fellow teachers?
What really can you say about people who, in the face of the greatest assault on public education in American history, gather in a park on a Sunday afternoon to bellow idiocies such as "We want a deal! " and ' I am not satisfactory! I am excellent!" And " We crave feedback" , in a desperate attempt to please those committing said assault who are simultaneously their financial backers ?
What can one conclude about the authenticity of any organization whose membership is infinitesimal and whose every policy is a crude re-writing of union busting corporate education reform policies yet it granted instant credibility and glowing press reports and editorials in the New York Post and Fox News right out of the egg?
What can you possibly say about the integrity of a teacher who claims he left teaching and joined the leadership of the E4E, not because it infinitely easier and more lucrative than teaching, but because he just couldn't bear to work under the present evaluation system any longer ?
How can you not find despicable an organization of teachers who would if they could leave teachers with as many rights as an employee of McDonald's while feeding their students a steady diet of test prep because this is what their hidden backers, billionaires and hedge fund managers, have required them to do ?
Such is the farce, the disgusting and devious farce, called Educators 4 Excellence.
Addendum: What follows is a post containing the ridiculous pretense for the ridiculous rally. Like the statements on the signs shown above, it speaks for itself.
My name is Kate Schuster, and I am an elementary ESL teacher at PS 38. Last Tuesday I attended an E4E event with over 150 teachers and Chancellor Walcott, to discuss evaluation. As a result of the event, and the urgency of the issue, I will be rallying tomorrow and I want YOU to join me.
Please stand with me on Sunday. The rally will be a ton of fun and it's incredibly easy to get to. Plus you'll get one of the sweet beanies I'm wearing in the picture above!
You'll find a map, including all nearby subways, and the details below.
Lastly, there is the truth.


text:
package org.openqa.grid.e2e.misc;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.openqa.grid.e2e.utils.GridConfigurationMock;
import org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.GridHubConfiguration;
import org.openqa.grid.selenium.SelfRegisteringRemote;
import org.openqa.grid.web.Hub;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.net.PortProber;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import com.thoughtworks.selenium.DefaultSelenium;
import com.thoughtworks.selenium.Selenium;

public class Selenium1WebDriverTests {

	private Hub hub;

	@BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)
	public void setup() throws Exception {
		GridHubConfiguration config = new GridHubConfiguration();
		config.setPort(PortProber.findFreePort());
		hub = new Hub(config);
		hub.start();

		// register a selenium 1
		SelfRegisteringRemote selenium1 = SelfRegisteringRemote.create(GridConfigurationMock.seleniumConfig(hub.getRegistrationURL()));
		selenium1.addFirefoxSupport();
		selenium1.launchRemoteServer();
		selenium1.registerToHub();

		// register a webdriver
		SelfRegisteringRemote webdriver = SelfRegisteringRemote.create(GridConfigurationMock.webdriverConfig(hub.getRegistrationURL()));
		webdriver.addFirefoxSupport();
		webdriver.launchRemoteServer();
		webdriver.registerToHub();
	}

	@Test
	public void test() throws MalformedURLException {
		String url = "http://" + hub.getHost() + ":" + hub.getPort()+"/grid/console";
		System.out.println(url);

		Selenium selenium = new DefaultSelenium(hub.getHost(), hub.getPort(), "*firefox", url);
		Assert.assertEquals(hub.getRegistry().getActiveSessions().size(), 0);
		selenium.start();
		Assert.assertEquals(hub.getRegistry().getActiveSessions().size(), 1);
		selenium.open(url);
		Assert.assertTrue("Grid overview".equals(selenium.getTitle()));
		selenium.stop();

		DesiredCapabilities ff = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
		URL hubUrl = new URL("http://" + hub.getHost() + ":" + hub.getPort() + "/grid/driver");
		WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(hubUrl, ff);

		driver.get(url);
		Assert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), "Grid overview");
		driver.quit();

	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Freedom in Africa 2010
Source: "Freedom in the World 2010", published by Freedom House.
Table of African Countries*
Comparative Measures of Freedom
(Countries highlighted in yellow are designated as "Electoral Democracies" by Freedom House)
up or down indicates a change in Political Rights, Civil Liberties, or Status since the last survey. In the Table, click on the number preceding the arrow for an explanation of the rating and/or status change in the selected country. A rating of 1 represents the most free and 7 the least free rating.
Trend Arrows indicate general positive or negative trends since the previous survey that are not necessarily reflected in the raw points and do not warrant a ratings change.
Trend Country Political Rights Civil Liberties Status
Angola 6 5 Not Free
Benin 2 2 Free
Botswana 3 2 Free
Burkina Faso 5 3 Partly Free
Burundi 4 5 Partly Free
Cameroon 6 6 Not Free
Cape Verde 1 1 Free
Central African Rep. 5 5 Partly Free
Chad 7 6 Not Free
Comoros 3 4 Partly Free
Congo-Brazzaville 6 5 Not Free
Congo-Kinshasa 6 6 Not Free
Côte d'Ivoire 6 5 Not Free
Djibouti 5 5 Partly Free
Equatorial Guinea 7 7 Not Free
Eritrea 7 7 Not Free
Ethiopia 5 5 Partly Free
Gabon 6 5 Not Free
The Gambia 5 5 Partly Free
Ghana 1 2 Free
Guinea 7 6 Not Free
Guinea-Bissau 4 4 Partly Free
Kenya 4 4 Partly Free
Lesotho 3 3 Partly Free
Liberia 3 4 Partly Free
Madagascar 6 4 Partly Free
Malawi 3 4 Partly Free
Mali 2 3 Free
Mauritania 6 5 Not Free
Mauritius 1 2 Free
Mozambique 4 3 Partly Free
Namibia 2 2 Free
Niger 5 4 Partly Free
Nigeria 5 4 Partly Free
Rwanda 6 5 Not Free
São Tomé & Príncipe 2 2 Free
Senegal 3 3 Partly Free
Seychelles 3 3 Partly Free
Sierra Leone 3 3 Partly Free
Somalia 7 7 Not Free
Somaliland 5 5 Partly Free
South Africa 2 2 Free
Sudan 7 7 Not Free
Swaziland 7 5 Not Free
Tanzania 4 3 Partly Free
Togo 5 4 Partly Free
Uganda 5 4 Partly Free
Zambia 3 4 Partly Free
Zimbabwe 6 6 Not Free
*The ratings in this table reflect global events from 1 January 2009 through 31 December 2009.
Criteria for designation as an Electoral Democracy
1. A competitive, multiparty political system.
2. Universal adult suffrage for all citizens (with exceptions for restrictions that states may legitimately place on citizens as sanctions for criminal offenses).
3. Regularly contested elections conducted in conditions of ballot secrecy, reasonable ballot security, and the absence of massive voter fraud that yields results that are unrepresentative of the public will.
4. Significant public access of major political parties to the electorate through the media and through generally open political campaigning.
Additional Note: The presence of certain irregularities during the electoral process does not automatically disqualify a country from being designated an electoral democracy. A country cannot be an electoral democracy if significant authority for national decisions resides in the hands of an unelected power, whether a monarch or a foreign or international authority. A country is removed from the ranks of electoral democracies if its last national elections were not sufficiently free or fair, or if changes in law significantly eroded the public's opportunity for electoral choice.
Status and Ratings Changes, Trend Arrow Explanations
Botswana's political rights rating declined from 2 to 3 due to decreased transparency and accountability in the executive branch under President Seretse Khama Ian Khama's administration.
Burundi received an upward trend arrow due to the integration of the last remaining rebel group into the political process and the establishment of an independent electoral commission.
Congo-Brazzaville received a downward trend arrow due to President Denis Sassou-Nguesso's increasing centralization of power and the authorities' handling of the July 2009 presidential election and its aftermath, including their disqualification of several opposition candidates and intimidation of journalists.
Congo-Kinshasa received a downward trend arrow due to the government's continued harassment of human rights groups and an increasingly dangerous working environment for journalists.
Gabon's civil liberties rating declined from 4 to 5 and its status from Partly Free to Not Free due to increased restrictions on the media in the period surrounding the presidential election as well as a crackdown on post-election protesters.
Eritrea's civil liberties rating declined from 6 to 7 due to the government's persistent and intense repression of religious minorities, its dominance over the judiciary, and its harsh system of national service, which ties people to the state for much of their working lives.
Ethiopia received a downward trend arrow due to the narrowing of political space in advance of the 2010 elections, the government's crackdown on the operations of nongovernmental organizations, and its use of antiterrorism legislation against political opponents.
The Gambia's civil liberties rating declined from 4 to 5 due to President Yahya Jammeh's enhanced personal control over the judiciary and threats of violence against civil society organizations.
Guinea's civil liberties rating declined from 5 to 6 due to the military junta's repressive measures, including the massacre of some 150 opposition protesters in September and the use of rape as a means of political intimidation.
Kenya's civil liberties rating declined from 3 to 4 due to the government's failure to address abuses by the security forces, including their role in post-election violence in 2008.
Lesotho's political rights rating declined from 2 to 3 and its status from Free to Partly Free due to unresolved disputes over legislative seats from the 2008 elections and a breakdown in internationally mediated negotiations between the government and opposition.
Madagascar's political rights rating declined from 4 to 6 and its civil liberties rating from 3 to 4 due to President Andry Rajoelina's unconstitutional rise to power, suspension of the parliament, repression of opposition protests, and limitations on press freedom, including the closure of several opposition media outlets.
Malawi's political rights rating improved from 4 to 3 due to a fairer and more competitive presidential election in 2009, greater electoral participation by women, and women's subsequent representation in governing institutions.
Mozambique's political rights rating declined from 3 to 4 due to significant irregularities and a lack of transparency pertaining to the registration of candidates and the tabulation of votes in the October 2009 presidential, legislative, and provincial elections.
Niger's political rights rating declined from 3 to 5 due to President Mamadou Tandja's antidemocratic moves to extend his power, including the dissolution of the Constitutional Court and National Assembly and the holding of a referendum to eliminate term limits and postpone the next presidential election—originally due in December 2009—until 2012.
Nigeria received a downward trend arrow due to the ruling party's consolidation of power, especially through its influence over opposition appeals of 2007 election results, and government involvement in sectarian violence that led to the deaths of several hundred people.
Somaliland's civil liberties rating declined from 4 to 5 due to further restrictions on press freedom and the suppression of demonstrations following the postponement of the presidential election.
Togo's civil liberties rating improved from 5 to 4 due to the launch of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses, as well as a decrease in violence throughout the country.
Zambia's civil liberties rating declined from 3 to 4 due to new legal restrictions on the activities of nongovernmental organizations.
Zimbabwe's political rights rating improved from 7 to 6 due to the formation of a national unity government, the appointment of opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai as prime minister, and the swearing in of an opposition-led parliament.
Freedom in Africa
Electoral Democracies (1989-present)


Ski Circus is one of the largest ski areas in Austria with 270 km of downhill skiing and perfectly groomed pistes. This ski area really does have something for everyone, whether you are a relaxed skier who loves carving wide open runs, or a snowboarder who loves to show off their skills in the park.
There are 70 ski lifts operating over the mountain with a new ten seater gondola taking over 2600 skiers uphill per hour linking Ski Circus with the Fieberbrunn ski area. Both regions have their separate unique qualities offering unbeatable skiing range making it one of Austria's best interconnected ski areas. Discover the resorts of Saalbach, Hinterglemm, Leogang and Fieberbrunn.
The traditional laid back town of Leogang is particularly known for its alpine tourism which started at the beginning of the 20th century. With access to over 200 km of slopes the village has a great sense of community and welcome guests with friendliness and generosity.
Saalbach has a small-town charm to it with traditional buildings, efficient lift systems and 270km of pistes. Also a popular party resort with great après ski as well as quiet family-friendly accommodation and restaurants. Hinterglemm is more spread out with picturesque backdrops but filled with larger chalet like hotels.
The market town of Fieberbrunn has 43km of pistes to ski as well as 35km of cross-country ski trails, a sledge track, adventure pool with sauna as well as an illuminated half pipe, so you'll never be short of things to do. It has a friendly and welcoming feel and is also rated one of the best ski resort for young children.
Once you hit the slopes you will overwhelmed by the range of skiing available. Since been linked with Fieberbrunn the skiing range has gone up by 20% leaving more choice for a skiing adventure. Another great advantage of linking the two ski areas is it allows you to ski across the border of the Tirol and Salzburg regions.
The ski area extends over many mountain chains and valleys including the Kitzbuhel Alps. It is perfect for those who look to cover mileage in a ski holiday as well as freeriders due to its challenging terrain and amazing powder conditions. Ideal for beginners, intermediates and families with the majority of its slopes graded as blue runs that kept in great condition and nice and wide. Advanced skiers will want to take up the Skicircus Challenge, a demanding circuit of 72 km of pistes, 32 lifts and traversing 12,500 m which takes about 7 hours! Think you can take it on?
Skiers and snowboarders will be spoilt for choice with World Cup runs, snow-parks, speed runs and even floodlit pistes. Not far from the village of Hinterglemm, snowboarders will especially love the floodlit night-park with kickers, rails, boxes, wallrides and more. If you're new to the park the Learn to Ride Park would be a great first step before hitting the big kickers.
Skicircus Saalbach Hinterglemm Leogang Fieberbrunn is the perfect place for a ski holiday for everyone. Whether you are travelling with family, friends, groups or in a couple the Ski Circus area has enough to cater for all needs.
With picturesque views of the stunning landscape and the snowy peaks that surround the area, you can enjoy a beverage or two in one of the many ski huts available on the mountain. There are many other winter activities available including cross-country skiing, horse drawn sleigh rides, curling, toboggan runs and much more making your winter holiday an unforgettable one.
Easily accessible from three surrounding airports Innsbruck, Salzburg and Munich it makes getting to Ski Circus simple.


Baking. Butter. Sugar. A dream team in December, when the cold, wet and grey as its grip on us. The world outside has become complete stark during the last past weeks and becomes more and more cheerless with the all surrounding darkness that creeps closer and closer.
With all that it's time to attend to your heart again and to what it needs most during this time of the year: Warmth. Some rest whenever you can take it. And some endorphins, caused by crumbly shortpastry out of everything that's good. Carbs, fat, vitamins (almonds!) and sweet things. Add a few lovely spices to that and the soul can smile again – a happy smile, not a creepy one – and make us endure this year's final spurt much more easily again.
All of that is even better, when the recipe is easily done. And like that it isn't really that sad, when all the delicious little half moons are eaten up almost too quickly again.
Mix up the butter and the sugar. Add the egg yolks and keep on mixing. Add the flour, the almonds and the salt and knead to a firm dough.
Roll it out into one or two logs that are about as thick as a 2 € coin (or 2 £ coin) and wrap it in cling foil to let it cool down in the fridge for at least 1 hour.
Preheat the oven to 160°C (hot air) and lay out baking sheets on two baking trays.
Cut the dough logs into 1-2 cm thick slices and roll them between your hands. They sould be about 5 cm long in the end and a little thicker in the middle. Slightly curve them to get a half moon shape ("Kipferl" in Germany) and distribute them on the baking trays.
Bake for about 12-15 minutes (with the hot air you can bake both trays at once), until the tips of the half moons start to turn slightly brown.
Meanwhile mix the ingredients for the sugar mix.
Let the baked Kipferl cool down on the trays for about 5 minutes, so they won't crumble apart at once. Place them into the sugar mix and sprinkle them with more oder very carefully turn them around in it.
Let them cool completely on a roast and store them in tin containers.


Našli jsme další záznamy k osobě תמו ביטון (ברחנין).
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) je pohřben(a) na hřbitově New Kiryat Shmona Cemetery v místě zobrazeném na níže uvedené mapě. Tyto informace o GPS jsou k dispozici POUZE na stránkách BillionGraves. Naše technologie vám pomůže najít umístění hrobu a také další členy rodiny, pohřbené poblíž.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 5 years old when Great Depression: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Herbert Hoover proposes a $150 million (equivalent to $2,197,000,000 in 2017) public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late-1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 16 years old when World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy made a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, intending to neutralize the United States Pacific Fleet from influencing the war Japan was planning to wage in Southeast Asia. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 31 years old when Space Race: Launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. The Space Race refers to the 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, aided by captured German missile technology and personnel from the Aggregat program. The technological superiority required for such dominance was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority. The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, uncrewed space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 43 years old when During the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon. Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two people on the Moon. Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module Eagle on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC. Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected 47.5 pounds (21.5 kg) of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Michael Collins piloted the command module Columbia alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface. Armstrong and Aldrin spent 21.5 hours on the lunar surface before rejoining Columbia in lunar orbit.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 46 years old when Munich massacre: Nine Israeli athletes die (along with a German policeman) at the hands of the Palestinian "Black September" terrorist group after being taken hostage at the Munich Olympic Games. Two other Israeli athletes were slain in the initial attack the previous day. The Munich massacre was an attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, in which the Palestinian terrorist group Black September took eleven Israeli Olympic team members hostage and killed them along with a West German police officer.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 63 years old when The tanker Exxon Valdez spilled 10.8 million US gallons (260,000 bbl; 41,000 m3) of oil into Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing one of the most devastating man-made maritime environmental disasters. A tanker is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk. Major types of tankship include the oil tanker, the chemical tanker, and gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, molasses and wine. In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.
תמו ביטון (ברחנין) was 68 years old when The Rwandan genocide begins when the aircraft carrying Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian president Cyprien Ntaryamira is shot down. The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government. An estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 Rwandans were killed during the 100-day period from 7 April to mid-July 1994, constituting as many as 70% of the Tutsi population. Additionally, 30% of the Pygmy Batwa were killed. The genocide and widespread slaughter of Rwandans ended when the Tutsi-backed and heavily armed Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) led by Paul Kagame took control of the country. An estimated 2,000,000 Rwandans, mostly Hutus, were displaced and became refugees.


The article in Building on 16 October ("Who's in control?") raised the disturbing prospect of a hack into a building's building management system (BMS) enabling the hacker to effectively control the building remotely, locking the inhabitants inside. Increasingly, this is not the stuff of fiction. It is one of a number of very real cyber threats which we now all face.
A "cyber threat" means a threat which is related to the internet or information technology. The Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure, which provides security advice for the UK, advises that a cyber threat can come from other states, terrorists or criminals. It can include hacking, theft or distributed denial of service attacks - where a website is overloaded and effectively forcibly shut down - or spearphishing or social engineering attacks, where the target is an individual's email account.
In June 2015, the government published its annual report on information security breaches.This showed that 90% of organisations with over 250 employees who responded to the survey had experienced a security breach in the last year, up from 81% in 2014. The average cost of such breaches was between £1.46m and £3.14m. In September 2015, financial services firm Allianz published its Guide to Cyber Risk, which showed there had been 5,029 reported data breach incidents in the US since 2005, with globally roughly 117,339 detected cyber attacks each day during 2014, up 48% from the year before. The yearly cost of cyber crime to the UK economy was estimated in 2013 to be $4.3bn (£2.8bn).
In the construction industry, there has been an attitude to date that cyber threats are a low risk. Construction is, after all, about bricks and mortar rather than computers. This is far from the case. The industry is becoming ever more reliant on technology. The vast majority of construction projects already produce and manage their data electronically, whether that be through the design process, design approval, the production of drawings and specifications or general project management. The industry is also being encouraged to use building information modelling (BIM), which relies on electronic data management. Publications such as the Digital Built Britain report and the BIM 2050 group report Built Environment 2050: A report on our digital future, clearly shows just how reliant the industry will become on the use of digital information.
The spread of the Internet of Things, promoting the web-based interconnection of systems that were previously isolated from each other, provides many advantages in terms of cost savings and efficiencies but also poses a significant risk. Without sufficient security, the data held on, for example, a BMS is vulnerable to attack and manipulation by third parties.
Access to the remote access and control systems for national infrastructure such as "smart" motorways or power plants, which often allow remote access for monitoring and maintenance.
Often the contractor or subcontractor is not the actual target but a way to access the real goal, which may be financial systems or infrastructure. Hackers look for a soft underbelly – the unsecured laptop owned by a subcontractor will be easier to attack than a main contractor's secure system.
A good example of this tactic is the Target case, referred to in the Building article on 16 October, where hackers stole BMS authentication and access protocols from one of Target's HVAC contractors, enabling them to access Target's customer database, rather than trying to breach Target's systems directly. This resulted in card details of around 40 million customers and personal data of a further 70 million being stolen.
PAS 1192-5, one of the Publicly Available Specifications underpinning BIM, goes beyond BIM itself to encompass a security-minded approach to digital built environments and smart asset management.
The construction sector needs to focus on this security-minded approach to its data, to adopt procedures and protocols that protect digital information. As the figures quoted above show, the consequences of a data breach are far reaching, encompassing not only the loss of the information itself, but significant business interruption costs and loss of confidence in the organisation affected.
As many commentators have noted, there is no silver bullet solution for cyber security. These security-minded measures will have to become a fact of life, real and virtual, for everyone.


text:
Big Horn Rural Electric Company has proudly served its members for over 80 years. Since it was first incorporated on April 2, 1937, Big Horn has operated under the Seven Cooperative Principles. These principles ensure that our members have a say in the cooperative's business by electing a board of directors from among the members. They provide a way for our members to invest in and improve their system while also giving them an opportunity to share in the profits of the cooperative. The business of the cooperative is handled by local board members and employees that live in and are familiar with the area. We have a local office in Basin with outposts in Lovell and Ten Sleep. We work with other businesses in the community to keep the Big Horn Basin economically strong.
The first concept of Big Horn REC was planted in 1935 at a summer picnic sponsored by the County Farm Bureau and held on the Davis Ranch east of Greybull, Wyoming. Ranchers, farmers and their families in attendance listened to Big Horn County Agent, K.E. Van Wagenen, explain how much easier their lives would be with electricity. Several communities were being separately canvassed to determine the interest in bringing electricity to the area. The Washington Office recommended combining efforts and a countywide cooperative, Big Horn Rural Electric, was formed.
On February 13, 1937, the REA allotted $82,000 for the Greybull Valley project. Big Horn formally filed its Articles of Incorporation on April 2, 1937. At 5:45 p.m., February 1, 1938 M.M. Roush threw the switch energizing the line and turning on the lights to 225 family farms in the Greybull Valley and Emblem Bench area. It was just 352 days from the date the first loan was granted.
Big Horn's system continued to expand and now provides electricity to 3,400 services in Big Horn, Park, Washakie, Johnson and Sheridan Counties in Wyoming; and Carbon and Big Horn Counties in Montana.
Big Horn REC was created to provide power to its members at the lowest cost consistent with good business practices. Although tools, equipment and technology have advanced, the principles on which we were founded are just as strong today as the day we began business in 1937.


Welcome to Villas des Palmipedes by Sotramont. Unique 20'x38'unit built with modern taste and quality finishes. Three bedrooms on second level with laundry room. Large master with stunning bathroom on upper level. Gas heating and central air conditioning. Two-car garage and nice yard and many extras. Don't miss!
Bathroom 3rd level 13'5" X 17'8" Ceramic Walk-in 4'11"x21'4"
Refrigerator, wall oven, cooktop, dishwasher, microwave oven, washer, dryer, light fixtures, blinds, central vacuum and accessories.


MBA from Canada after BBA?
Eligibility for MBA in Canada after doing BBA in India?
MBA in abroad after doing BBA from MSUT?
Details about MBA from Canada?
Details about MBA & BBA courses from abroad?
BBA or B.com. in India or in abroad?
Re: MBA from Canada after BBA?


Carlsbad Sculpture Garden located at 2955 Elmwood St. in the backyard of the City of Carlsbad's Communications Office.
Monday-Thursday 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Growth Grove in an exhibition featuring work by Orange County sculptor Diana Markessinis. Seven of her organically-inspired sculptures will be on view at the Carlsbad Sculpture Garden beginning in October.
Markessinis is a Santa Ana based sculptor and fabricator especially known for welding organic forms out of salvaged metal. She received her Masters of Fine Art from California State University, Fullerton and her undergraduate degree in sculpture from West Virginia University, attending special workshops at the Pont-Aven School of Contemporary Art, France and the Haystack Mountain School of Craft in Deer Isle, Maine.
Markessinis has had her work permanently installed in the Park Santiago Nature Center in Santa Ana, The Artist village in downtown Santa Ana, The Rails for Trails Sculpture Garden in West Virginia and private residences throughout Southern California.


I am unable to use both Affinity Designer and Affinity photo. I don't know when this started but it's rather recent. NVRAM and SMC have already been cleared. As I start to work on either of the two applications, as I move the mouse in and out of the canvas, the screen blacks out and takes a few moments to come back. When I move the mouse again it blacks out again. Having suggested Affinity to several friends and wasting my time trying to introduce these tool in my workflow... this is frustrating. Is there a solution for this? If not, will I be entitled to a refund?
Hey team, Pretty minor bug, but only just noticed it began (not sure if it was the latest versions, a windows update, or NVIDIA driver update, etc). In both photo (v1.5.0.45) and designer (v1.5.1.43) on windows 10 (64bit home), the first time you open the character and paragraph dialogues after launch, they flicker a lot (the ease in animation just flickers). Every subsequent time you open these, it's fine. Only happens once after launching the application. Exiting and relaunching then opening these dialogues reproduces the bug. I'm a sucker for visual cleanliness and as such the flickering is a minor eye-sore, but nonetheless I thought I'd bring it to your attention! If anyone else is experiencing this, don't hesitate to add your comments.


For our twenty-second installment let's take a look the most common MANPADS, or Surface-to-Air Missiles, in the War in Afghanistan.
The HN-5 (Hong Ying-5 "Red Tassel") is a family of first generation Chinese man-portable air-defense systems (MANPAD) based on Soviet technology. The literal translation of Hong Ying is Red Tassel, but HN abbreviation is used to avoid confusion with HY (Hai Ying, or Sea Eagle) series anti-ship missiles of Silkworm missile family. The HN-5 series in Chinese hands has been phased out in front-line and first line reserve units by QW series MANPAD, but still being used by militia units.
The HN-5 is a reverse-engineered version of the Soviet Strela 2 (SA-7). Due to the urgent need for MANPADs, North Vietnam provided China with an original sample during the Vietnam War and asked China to produce and supply NVA with copies. However, due to the political turmoil in China, namely, the Cultural Revolution, the reverse-engineering process was slow and by the time the first small production batch was sent to Vietnam for evaluation, the results were ineffective because American aircraft has already adopted ECM to successfully counter HN-5 and its Soviet counterpart the Strela 2. The dimensions and performance of HN-5 is extremely similar to that of Strela 2.
The Shorts Blowpipe is a man-portable surface-to-air missile that was in use with the British Army and Royal Marines from 1975. It was superseded by an interim design, Javelin, and later the greatly improved Starstreak.
The missile is shipped as a single round in a storage cylinder/firing tube. The aiming unit is clipped to the launch tube and fired from the operator's shoulder. To reduce the overall size of the container, the rear fins of the missile are stored in the larger diameter cylinder at the front of the tube (this also contains the Yagi antenna for transmitting guidance signals); during firing, the fins slip onto the rear of the missile as it flies through and are held there by heat-activated adhesive tapes. This gives the launch container a unique shape, seemingly oversized at the front and extremely thin at the rear. The missile is powered by a short duration solid rocket for launch, then by a sustainer motor once it is well clear of the launch tube.
The Blowpipe's guidance is initially semi-automatic with the missile gathered to the centre of the sight's crosshairs by the infrared optic atop the aiming unit. Two to three seconds after launch, missile guidance is switched to fully MCLOS mode, and the operator regains full control of the missile. The operator has to steer the missile all the way to its target manually via a small thumb joystick. The operator can opt not to use autogathering when engaging low flying targets such as helicopters, but then has to super-elevate the launcher to ensure that the missile does not hit the ground. Four flares in the tail of the missile make it visible in flight, first to the infrared optic, then to the operator. Detonation is either by proximity or contact fuse. In emergencies, the operator can end an engagement by shutting off the power to the transmitter with the system switch, after which the missile will immediately self-destruct. The aiming unit can then be removed from the empty missile container and fitted to a new round.
Blowpipe was developed as a SAM for submarines, fitted as a cluster of four missiles into a mast that could be raised from the submarine's conning tower under the name Submarine Launched Airflight Missile (SLAM) trialled on HMS Aeneas (P427) in 1972. These were for a time installed on Israeli Gal class submarines.
Blowpipe was used by both sides during the Falklands War in 1982. With the targets being fast flying aircraft, flying low and using the ground to hide their approach, the Blowpipe operator had about 20 seconds to spot the target, align the unit and fire. Brigadier Julian Thompson compared using the weapon to "trying to shoot pheasants with a drainpipe". The official report stated that, of the 95 missiles fired by the British, only 9 managed to destroy their targets and all of these were slow flying planes and helicopters. A later report determined that only two kills could be attributed to Blowpipe: A British Harrier GR3 (XZ972) attacked by Argentine Army special forces (Commandos Company), and an Argentine Aermacchi MB-339 (0766 (4-A-114)) during the Battle of Goose Green.
Blowpipe was found to be particularly ineffective when used to engage a crossing target or to chase a target moving rapidly away from the operator. The poor performance led to it being withdrawn from UK service. In 1986 some of the mothballed units were sent clandestinely to equip the Mujahideen fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan. The system again proved ineffective, and was eventually supplanted by the US Stinger missile. While Blowpipe was available on the international arms market and therefore its origins were open to speculation, the Stinger was restricted, which at the time indicated a more open acknowledgment of Western support for the Mujahideen. Blowpipe missile systems are still being found in weapon caches as recently as May 2012 in Afghanistan.
The Canadian military took Blowpipe from storage to give some protection to their naval contribution to the 1991 Gulf war, although sheer age had degraded the weapons, and nine out of 27 missiles tested misfired in some way. The Javelin GL, which was backward compatible to the Blowpipe, was then hastily purchased as a replacement.
The 9K38 Igla is a Russian/Soviet man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM). "9K38" is the Russian GRAU designation of the system. Its US DoD designation is SA-18 and its NATO reporting name is Grouse; a simplified, earlier version is known as the 9K310 Igla-1, or SA-16 Gimlet.
The development of the Igla short-range man-portable air defense system (MANPADS) began in the Kolomna OKB in 1972. Contrary to what is commonly reported, the Igla is not an improved version of the earlier Strela family (Strela-2 and Strela-3), but an all new project. The main goals were to create a missile with better resistance to countermeasures and wider engagement envelope than the earlier Strela series MANPADS systems.
Technical difficulties in the development quickly made it obvious that the development would take far longer than anticipated, however, and in 1978 the program split in two: while the development of the full-capability Igla would continue, a simplified version (Igla-1) with a simpler IR seeker based on that of the earlier Strela-3 would be developed to enter service earlier than the full-capability version could be finished.
The 9K310 Igla-1 system and its 9M313 missile were accepted into service in the Soviet army on 11 March 1981. The main differences from the Strela-3 included an optional Identification Friend or Foe system to prevent firing on friendly aircraft, an automatic lead and super elevation to simplify shooting and reduce minimum firing range, a slightly larger rocket, reduced drag and better guidance system extend maximum range and improve performance against fast and maneuverable targets, an improved lethality on target achieved by a combination of delayed impact fuzing, terminal maneuver to hit the fuselage rather than jet nozzle, an additional charge to set off the remaining rocket fuel (if any) on impact, an improved resistance to infrared countermeasures (both decoy flares and ALQ-144 series jamming emitters), and slightly improved seeker sensitivity.
The seeker has two detectors – a cooled MWIR InSb detector for detection of the target and uncooled PbS SWIR detector for detection of IR decoys (flares). The built-in logic determines whether the detected object is a target or a decoy. The latest version (Igla-S) is reported to have additional detectors around the main seeker to provide further resistance against pulsed IRCM devices commonly used on helicopters.
The 9M313 missile features an aerospike mounted on a tripod (Igla's 9M39 missile has aerospike attached directly to the seeker dome), which reduces a shock wave, thus providing less dome heating and greater range. The name Igla is derived from these devices.
Like many other MANPADS, Igla-1 and Igla feature so-called rolling airframe missiles. These missiles roll in flight (900 – 1200 rpm) so steering the missile requires just a single pair of control surfaces, unlike roll-stabilized missiles, which require separate control surfaces for pitch and yaw. Both 9M313 and 9M39 missiles contain a gas generator, which drives a small gas turbine to provide electrical power, and the pistons, which move the canards used to steer the missile in a bang-bang mode. In addition to that, two exhaust tubes of the gas generator are placed perpendicular to the steering canards to provide maneuverability immediately after launch when the missile airspeed is too low for canards to be effective. Later versions of Igla are reported to use proportional control to drive the canards, which enables greater precision and less oscillation of the flight path.
According to the manufacturer, South African tests have shown the Igla's superiority over the contemporary (1982 service entry) but smaller and lighter American FIM-92A Stinger missile. According to Kolomna OKB, the Igla-1 has a Pk (probability of kill) of 0.30 to 0.48 against unprotected targets which is reduced to 0.24 in the presence of decoy flares and jamming. In another report, the manufacturer claimed a Pk of 0.59 against an approaching and 0.44 against receding F-4 Phantom II fighter not employing infrared countermeasures or evasive maneuvers.
The full-capability 9K38 Igla with its 9M39 missile was finally accepted into service in the Soviet Army in 1983. The main improvements over the Igla-1 included much improved resistance against flares and jamming, a more sensitive seeker, expanding forward-hemisphere engagement capability to include straight-approaching fighters (all-aspect capability) under favourable circumstances, a slightly longer range, a higher-impulse, shorter-burning rocket with higher peak velocity (but approximately same time of flight to maximum range).
The naval variant of 9K38 Igla has the NATO reporting name SA-N-10 Grouse.
The Igla–1M missile consists of a Ground Power Supply Source (GPSS), Launching Tube, Launching Mechanism & Missile (9M 313–1).


text:
Lloyd Kelchner
Living years: 1862-1948
Categories: Past Master
One of the finest all around penmen who ever took pen to ink, Lloyd Kelchner's work in ornamental penmanship, pen art illustration and offhand flourishing served as an inspiration to thousands of individuals for 60 years. Well into his eighties, he continued to produce exquisite work.
Born in Light Street, Pennsylvania, Mr. Kelchner's skills in writing were developed while attending G. W. Michael's Pen Art Hall in Oberlin, Ohio in the early 1880's. It was in 1883 that he met C. P. Zaner and E. W. Bloser, fellow students with Kelchner at Michael's school. Four years later, Kelchner and Bloser secured positions and taught in Delaware, Ohio, and later, both men worked at the Euclid Avenue Business College in Cleveland. A strong friendship grew between these men and Zaner that lasted their lifetimes.
In 1889, Lloyd Kelchner purchased a half interest in the Zanerian College of Penmanship in Columbus, Ohio which had been established the year before by Mr. Zaner In 1891, Mr. Bloser came to Columbus and purchased a third interest in the Zanerian. The partnership ran for almost a year when Kelchner sold his interest and left for Dixon, Illinois to teach in the Northern Illinois Normal College. He then accepted a teaching position at the Highland Park College in Des Moines, Iowa.
The year 1909 is recorded as the point in Kelchner's career when he moved to Seattle, Washington and became a teacher in the Seattle Business College. He remained in Seattle the rest of his life. Over the years he taught thousands of students engrossed countless resolutions, and lettered the names on many thousands of diplomas. He contributed articles, lessons, and samples of his own work to various penmanship magazines, particularly the Business Educator, for several decades, and was particularly known for his unique style of bird flourishing. Each year for over 40 years he made a tradition of designing his own Christmas cards. These colorful cards featured beautiful penmanship and dramatic bird flourishes, and were prized by his friends and associates.
Lloyd Kelchner kept in close contact with the penmanship profession, maintaining strong friendships and earning the respect of penmen everywhere. He passed away after a short illness on July 5, 1948.
A Complete Compendium of Plain Practical Penmanship
A Complete Compendium of Plain Practical Penmanship, L.M. Kelchner, 1901
(Artwork)
Wall Shingle


Fetal distress is a term generally used to describe hypoxia, or lack of oxygen getting to the baby. Before or during childbirth, any sign of fetal distress alerts the obstetrician, nurse midwife or doctor that the baby might not be doing well or is becoming tired or stressed during labor. If fetal distress is not diagnosed and promptly treated, it could lead to permanent brain damage, cerebral palsy or a still born birth.
During birth, some fetal distress is normal as the baby passes thru the birth canal and it does not mean that there will be any long term neurologic problems with your baby. It is prolonged fetal distress that your obstetrician or nurse midwife should be looking for or respond to before permanent brain damage occurs.
If the cause of fetal distress in your baby is not identified or treated right away, it could lead to a lack of oxygen to your baby's brain or permanent brain damage that can later cause developmental delays, mental retardation, seizures, or Cerebral Palsy (CP).
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Phil Mickelson wins the Ryder Cup, week, past two years, life, etc.
By Stephanie Wei under Ryder Cup
Phil Mickelson got off to a rough start this week at the Ryder Cup, bringing up and criticizing U.S. Captain Hal Sutton in 2004 for his management of the team and pairing him with Tiger Woods with only two days' notice. It was strange that Phil would bring up 2004 out of all the Ryder Cups he's played (10 excluding 2016) because he made a big decision that was met with controversy when he switched equipment manufacturers a week before the matches that year.
The next day, Mickelson apologized to Sutton. But the whole thing was just weird and bizarre, especially since the last thing Phil needed was to bring more eyes toward himself after all that's happened regarding the Ryder Cup ever since the U.S. post-loss presser at Gleneagles.
You can never forget *that* press conference, especially one that came from the losing side. In fact, it might be the greatest presser I've ever witnessed. No joke. It was just insane, surreal and slightly awkward to hear Mickelson sound off on his negative opinion of Watson's leadership skills, which led to the PGA of America forming a "Task Force" — it's now turned into a "Committee" (they were becoming the butt of too many jokes). The whole process of the Ryder Cup was examined and revamped and the Americans were supposed to have discovered and developed a brand new system for success after losing the last three of the biennial matches against Europe, with the last one they won being the only one of the entire century in 2008.
Mickelson was part of this Task Force and he orchestrated much of everything Ryder Cup-related in the last two years. How could he not? After he sounded off on Watson and the entire system that had allegedly put the U.S. on a bad losing streak, he was partly responsible for the result of the 2016 Ryder Cup at Hazeltine. There was a ton of pressure on many members of the American team, along with Love, who was also the skipper at the "Miracle at Medinah" in 2012, but the brunt of it was on Mickelson.
It was also no secret to insiders that this was more Phil's team than the "official" captain "in name." Who was actually calling the shots in most these decisions? Who had the most influence in managing the Americans. Captain Phil. Duh. As much as we joked about this moniker all week — and despite the hiccup involving Sutton early in the week — Mickelson was brilliant, with his play on the course and his participation in strategy and leadership in the U.S. team room. This one was to make up for all those losing Ryder Cups he had been a part of and it was especially to back up all the drama he caused two years ago in Scotland.
It's easy to call Mickelson a drama queen and roll your eyes at his eagerness and attempt to play down his role in decision-making with regard to the U.S. Ryder Cup team, but it's hard to criticize his influence, words and actions. He has backed it all up, and most of all, he played an instrumental role both on and off the course in bringing the Cup back to American soil. It's about time. Drastic action needed to be taken and it came in the form of Mickelson sounding off on Watson and America's horrible record in the last couple of decades. A freaking "Task Force" was forced, for Christ sake! But hey, call it what you want, it worked.
All eyes were on Phil. Here's how the U.S. presser opened when questions were welcomed:
Q. What do you think of Captain Love's leadership style (laughter)?
PHIL MICKELSON: (Shaking head). We had a great week this week. (Entire team turning, all focusing intently on Phil). We had a lot of fun together as a team, and we played some great golf and we are really excited to have won. (Team applauding).
While no doubt Mickelson was patting himself on the back, he was gracious with accepting credit for the success.
"The pressure started when some dumbass opened his mouth two years ago in the media center," said Mickelson in the post-win presser, laughing.
"The thing about this is that we need to build on this. Otherwise, it's all for naught. We created a very solid foundation this year. With the input that Davis Love had and each vice captain with Tom Lehman and Jim Furyk and Steve Stricker, and Tiger Woods and Bubba Watson, all brought integral parts to the success of this foundation, and it's important that we build on that.
"And Davis is going to be a very instrumental part of that going forward in two years, because for us to go to Europe and try to win the Cup is a whole different feat. That's going to require a whole different level of play, of solidarity, of fortitude and we are going to have to build on this in two years if we want to try to retain the Cup.
"So it's important to start this foundation. Yes, it's great that we had success this week, but it's not about one year or one Ryder Cup. It's about a multitude, for decades to come. (Champagne cork popped by Davis) that's my cue to shut up."
And now that Mickelson and the U.S. Ryder Cup "Committee" have supposedly discovered some sort of secret formula for success, he isn't revealing any of America's secrets. After all, he and several other veteran members of this team — both playing and non-playing — put basically everything on the line with regard to these matches in their countless hours discussing and meeting to try and "fix" the system.
"I don't know if I can answer that directly, but let me say this," said Phil. "I've been around these guys for quite — every year in The Presidents Cup and The Ryder Cup, and I've seen a level of greatness in these guys. Not only are they great men, but they are great golfers, incredible golfers.
"The environment they were put in today, or this week, brought out some of their best golf that I've ever seen from them. And it's truly a remarkable thing to watch, and it's a fun thing to be a part of. I'm very proud to be a part of this team.
"And to see the level of accomplishment and performance that these guys had this week was just sensational. I believe that we all — we made each other proud, but we also hopefully made every American proud."
Phil didn't just deliver off the course, he was money with his solid play, as well. It was a bit of a surprise when Mickelson played the first session, which was foursomes, but partnered with Rickie Fowler, the Americans surprisingly defeated Rory McIlroy and Andy Sullivan 1-up, as Team USA opened with a strong 4-0 start. Mickelson sat that afternoon, but he played both sessions Saturday. In morning foursomes, teamed up with Fowler again, they lost, but then he mixed things up and joked his way through afternoon four-balls with Matt Kuchar to win another point.
Then, Mickelson *happened* to find himself smack in the middle of the Sunday singles lineup at no. 6 — opposite for Europe was Sergio Garcia, known for his success at the Ryder Cup (you could say the opposite about Mickelson). It set things up for Mickelson to potentially endure quite a bit of pressure at a critical point in the day.
The way it happened, it was important, but it wouldn't have decided or really mattered that much. Mickelson, however, fought hard and played to the level of his final-round performance at the Open Championship, where he eventually lost to Henrik Stenson. This time, Phil made 10 birdies and one bogey, including birdies on five of the last seven. Usually, you'd think he must have won, but Sergio notched nine of his own and birdied the last four.
"We had a really good match obviously, and we played some good golf," said Mickelson. "I made a bunch of birdies. I know that I birdied five of the last seven and he birdied the last four, and it was probably a fitting result with a tie, even though I wanted the win.
"As long as we won the Cup and brought this Cup back to America, that's all that really mattered. But the match itself was really good."
Mickelson holed a 12-footer on the 18th, which resulted in him jumping in the air (a la 2004 Masters), but Sergio matched his birdie by making his own putt. It was a match for the ages. It truly was fitting that it ended in a halve.
"Well, when I try to dunk a basketball, I try to jump pretty high," said Mickelson of his post-birdie celebration, laughing. "I can touch the net. My arms are pretty long.
"But I don't know, I'm older now, so probably jumped higher a little bit in '04, because I got at least six inches off the ground then. But it's a very emotional deal and the putt on the last hole, I can't sure if it was going to hang in there. It looked like it was going to fight to stay in the right side of the hole, and I wasn't sure if it would go in. So I just kind of dropped down to my knees and when it went in, just that excitement just propelled me up. Usually I need a little assistance."
Mickelson can make it barely off the ground as many times as he'd as long as he continues to deliver Ryder Cup wins. However, at 46 years old, Hazeltine will likely be Mickelson's last Ryder Cup as a player (captain). You can be sure he'll be involved with the American team between now and the eight years until the 2024 Ryder Cup, when it's held at Bethpage Black, just outside NYC, where it's believed Mickelson will have his opportunity to officially captain the U.S. team.
#2014 Ryder Cup, #2016 Ryder Cup, #Davis Love III, #hazeltine, #Phil Mickelson, #Sergio Garcia
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The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) — the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging — has named 89 exemplary professionals as its newest fellows.
The new fellows will be formally recognized during GSA's 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting, which will be held from November 14 to 18 in Boston, Massachusetts. Full details of this conference are available at www.geron.org/2018.


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Poles dominate World Problem Solving Championship
by John Nunn
8/17/2016 – Belgrade is a city that has hosted many famous chess events. During the first week of August the 40th World Chess Solving Championship took place there, and the event was covered vigorously in the national media. The main events were dominated by Polish participants, and Casper Piorun became the 2016 World Solving Champion. John Nunn, who won the Seniors section, sent us a report and some very nice problems for you to solve.
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40th World Chess Solving Championship
The 40th World Chess Solving Championship took place during the first week in August in Belgrade (above a night view from the Sava river), the capital of Serbia. In the past, Belgrade has hosted many famous chess events, such as part of the 1959 Candidates Tournament, the 1970 USSR-Rest of the World match and part of the Fischer-Spassky rematch in 1992. In recent years there hasn't been so much chess activity in Serbia, but enthusiasm for the game remains high and there are signs of a revival. During my visit to Belgrade for the World Solving Championship I was interviewed on television and the event was covered in newspaper columns to an extent which would be impossible in most countries.
The centrally-located Metropol Palace Hotel provided very comfortable surroundings for the championship, which was efficiently organised by the Serbian Chess Problem Society. One innovation was the introduction of special events for juniors, both for composing and for solving. The average age of problemists tends to be higher than for over-the-board players and any effort to attract younger enthusiasts is welcome.
Another novel idea was a double-round rapidplay match over four boards between the solvers and a Serbian national team. This proved a real attraction and was a surprisingly high-level event. The teams were, for the solvers, Kacper Piorun, Aleksander Mista, Bojan Vuckovic and John Nunn (captain), and, for Serbia, Ivan Ivanisevic, Robert Markus, Milos Perunovic and Branko Damljanovic (captain Slavoljub Marjanovic). On rating the match was pretty even, although the highest-rated player was actually a solver (Kacper Piorun, currently 2681). A closely-fought match ended with a slightly unexpected victory for the solvers by 5-3. I won by 1.5-0.5 against Damljanovic, although admittedly I was lost at one point in both games. Unfortunately, I cannot find the games of this match anywhere otherwise I would give one (I don't really want to show my own efforts).
In the main event, the Polish solving team of Aleksander Mista, Piotr Murdzia and Kacper Piorun was unchanged from the previous year and, with Piorun and Murdzia being two of the very best solvers in the world, they were clear favourites to win the title. The main battle in the team event was for second and third places and this turned out to be very close.
The Polish team of Piotr Murdzia, Kacper Piorun and Aeksander Mista
The format of the event has remained the same for many years, and consists of six solving sessions spread over two days. Each session is devoted to a different type of problem, and the event always kicks off with three mates in two. The chosen problems, this year selected by Brian Stephenson, proved somewhat easier than in recent years and, apart from a diabolical selfmate in six, on which all the competitors bar one scored zero points, there was nothing really hard. In solving, it is important to give complete solutions, mentioning all relevant variations, otherwise you lose marks and this year most of the points dropped by the leading solvers involved overlooking obscure variations.
Overview of the solving hall in Belgrade
I have selected some of the simpler problems for solving, so this is a good opportunity for those new to solving to have a go.
Here is one of the mates in two. If you would like to solve it under competition conditions, allow yourself seven minutes to find the solution (Solutions to all problems will be given in the second part of the article).
White to play and mate in two
As usual, the two-movers posed little difficulty for the solvers and the top 15 solvers all scored 100%. The three-movers proved slightly more troublesome, with a number of solvers missing one or two variations. Allow yourself 20 minutes for tournament conditions.
White to play and mate in three
The final round of the first day consisted of three studies and the study round is always difficult for those competitors who are primarily problemists. However, this time one of the studies also proved troublesome for some of the players, including myself, since there was a tempting try which could only be refuted by exceptionally precise play. Here is one of the easier studies; allow yourself 35 minutes to simulate tournament conditions.
White to play and win
The first day ended with Poland in the lead, having made a perfect score of 90 out of 90. The British team had not had an especially good day and were in 7th place. In the individual results, the two top Polish solvers, Piorun and Murdzia, both had perfect scores of 45 out of 45, with Piorun being two minutes ahead on time, a factor which comes into play if there is a tie on points. No other solvers had a perfect score, and it was already apparent that the individual title would be a race between the Poles. My failure on the study round had left me in 10th place in the individual list.
The second day began with three helpmates, and unlike many recent solving events these proved to be fairly easy and many of the leading solvers, including the two Poles, scored 100%. However, Murdzia was very quick this round and solved all three problems in just 19 minutes (out of a maximum 50 minutes), leaving him 10 minutes ahead of Piorun on time.
Helpmate in three moves (three solutions)
In a helpmate, both sides are cooperating to help White mate Black (although the moves still have to be legal). Black moves first, with White mating Black on his third move, so the sequence of moves goes B W B W B W mates. There are three solutions to this problem.
The next round consisted of three moremovers (mates in more than three moves), and rather surprisingly many solvers overlooked a variation in a rather simple mate in 6, including the two leaders. However, crucially, Piorun was 11 minutes quicker than Murdzia and this left him one minute ahead on time. Here's a mate in four which also proved quite tricky since it is easy to overlook a black defence.
White to play and mate in four
The final round of selfmates often involves a degree of torture for the solvers. This time it was a next-to-impossible selfmate in six which caused the difficulty. As mentioned earlier, only one solver managed more than zero points on this problem; congratulations to Finnish solver Jorma Paavilainen on preventing a complete failure by the solvers. The other two selfmates weren't difficult and most of the leading solvers scored 10 out of 15, although I made an unfortunate slip and dropped 0.8 points on the selfmate in three given below.
Selfmate in three moves
In a selfmate, White is trying to commit suicide by forcing Black to mate him. Black is doing his best to avoid mating White. White plays first, and must force Black to give mate on his third move.
Both Murdzia and Piorun scored ten points and took the full time, so the situation at the top remained unchanged, with the two having equal points but Piorun retaining his world title by the slimmest possible margin of one minute. Serbian solver Marjan Kovacevic, despite being heavily involved in the organisation of the event, did very well to finish third. I ended up in seventh place, perhaps a tiny bit disappointing but a reflection of the fact that there are a lot of good solvers around these days. The team event ended with Poland on 169 points (out of 180), well ahead of Lithuania 157, Serbia 156 and Great Britain 154. The British team were perhaps slightly unfortunate to finish just outside the medals, but there's always next year!
The 2015 and 2016 World Solving Champion, Casper Piorun
Runner-up Piotr Murdzia
Third-placed Marjan Kovacevic, one of the main organisers, a leading solver and arguably the world's best two-move problem composer
The Polish team celebrates an outstanding success
I won the senior (60 years or over) prize with 77.2 points and the junior prize (23 years or under) went to Zaur Mammedov of Azerbaijan with 75.9 points. The young Azerbaijan team has already made an impact in the solving world and will doubtless have many successes in the future.
The Senior medal winners, John Nunn, Tadashi Wakashima and Alain Villeneuve. The full results and all the problems and solutions can be downloaded from this page.
The Serbian problemists deserve congratulations for organising a splendid event and I am sure everyone is looking forward to Dresden in 2017. Finally, I would like to thank global investment managers Winton for sponsoring the British team. Without their support it wouldn't have been possible to field our top solvers in Belgrade.
The British solving team, Michael McDowell, John Nunn, Jonathan Mestel and Colin McNab going for a trip along the Danube
All photographs copyright Franziska Iseli
Official 2016 World Problem Solving site
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Topics: John Nunn, Puzzles
John Nunn Dr John Nunn (born 1955) is an English grandmaster, author and problem-solver. He was among the world's leading grandmasters for nearly twenty years, winning four gold medals in chess Olympiads, and is a much-acclaimed writer whose works have won 'Book of the Year' awards in several countries. In 2004, 2007 and 2010, Nunn was crowned World Chess Solving Champion. Now 62, he continues to compete successfully in over-the-board and problem-solving events.
Simon Says — Puzzle hour!
9/17/2018 – Live and free to watch at 18:00 CEST (16:00 UT, Noon EDT) In this Simon Says I show you a number of fascinating puzzles, which I hope, you are able to solve! Good Luck!
Chess problems out of the box
9/8/2018 – Recently we did an article on Retro Chess, purely for entertainment. Amongst the many letters we received, one was particularly gratifying. "I was very pleased to read the article — simply entertaining, because I have been occupied with the subject for 50 years." It was from the former Mayor of the town of Meisenheim, located near Frankfurt, Germany. His letter and subsequent gift were quite invaluable. We will tell you why.
Golden Chance 8/24/2016 01:19
Tell answer of self mate and help Mate.....
Congratulation to polish team! :)
ericktello 8/22/2016 07:48
I want to tell polish team...you all are the best!
On the other hand I want to apreciate a lot this site and I´d like to keep contact with this kind of web site because I am developing an iniciative train chess like a kind of workshop in my school, so I have a bit of experience as a chess coach in schools... and all these problems are interesting for me and my students of course. I usually prepare easy chess problem to solve in chess time at school with students from diferent ages, personally for me it is great because i have a little bit more of experience in chess. I would really thanks to receive more info about it in order to promote chess in schools where i usually go to teach each year as an english teacher. Hope to know more about all these information....thanks again.
my professional teacher account is: ericktello@aol.es
donwaffel 8/17/2016 08:38
Really!, ok nice for them, but WGAFF.
cherokeexj 8/17/2016 05:45
ChessBase Magazine 181
Enjoy the best moments of recent top tournaments (World Cup, Isle of Man Open) with analysis of top players. In addition you'll get lots of training material. For example 10 new suggestions for your opening repertoire.