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The time course of the reaction follows a curved first order function suggesting somewhat different reactivities of the two transferrin binding sites. Fe 2 O 3 vs Fe 3 O 4. 2003). Iron Transport, from Hematology- A pathophysiologic approach, Hudnall ed. Charge–discharge curves for the iron-ligand/ test cells employing different -complexes as negative couples: (a) cell 1, with -/EDTA redox couples, (b) cell 2, with -oxalate couples, and (c) cell 3, with -citrate couples. How do you calculate the ideal gas law constant? trump was redpilling the whole world about this whole operation with the covfefe tweet. Fe 2 and Fe3 are different a Ions b Isotopes c Elements 12 Na1 and Zn2 are. 5, pp. Absorption spectra of aqueous solutions containing Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and hydrated crystals are studied up to 50000 cm–1. 2. Adrenochrome -> Ferritin and Iron (Fe2) > Operation COV Fe2 > Operation COVFEFE cov refers to coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and Fe is one the critical parts of adrenochrome. Careful attention was paid to blank and inherent color corrections, The Fe2+ iron concentration increased and the Fe3+ decreased to almost the same degree. trump was redpilling the whole world about this whole operation with the covfefe tweet. These subtle differences in weights can cause chemical and physical processes to preferentially pick one stable isotope over the other, leading to measurable fractionation of these isotopes. Fe3+ by the addition of potassium thiocy- anate. It seems that they are proposing that Fe2+ is typically slightly lighter isotopically, which seems like an easy hypothesis to test, but I am unaware of any relevant data. 21, No. The behavior of iron in biological and environmental contexts depends strongly on its oxidation state. 1. ${Fe^2}^+$, aka ferrous, is pale green and turns violet when added to water. However, given their close chemical nature, it is not straightforward to differentiate them. Now you ask why people want to change to Fe3+ and by that I assume you mean the reaction. In other words, the Fe2+ was apparently coming not from Fe2+ complexes but from reduction. Your basic experiment is to titrate Fe2+ against KMnO4. Iron has various well-established clinical uses, such as the prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia. We don't know their physical states. True to theory, other metals such as Magnesium and Lithium do not fractionate during crystallization, so why does iron? Oxidation of Fe(II) was accompanied by reduction of the octahedral Fe3+ atoms in the underlying magnetite to octahedral Fe2+ atoms. its +3 oxidation state is more stable as its atomic no. The rates and extent of these redox reactions strongly depend on the speciation of the Fe2+ and Fe3+ phases, although the underlying reasons remain unclear. The difference between the two is [Fe3… The occurrence of iron in two oxidation states (Fe2+, Fe3+), as well as the balance between these two forms are important for the biological systems that use iron in the its +3 oxidation state is more stable as its atomic no. Filter off the undissolved iron from a sample, and titrate. Iron Transport, from Hematology- A pathophysiologic approach, Hudnall ed. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6. Studies have included iron-loss by human adolescents, conditions for effective iron absorption, interventions for anemia and genetic iron control. I have been using Ferrozine reagent (0.050 % w/w in 50 mM HEPES buffer) for determining the total Fe and Fe2+ ion concentration (and therefore the Fe3+ ion concentration from the difference). … Iron is present in virtually all terrestrial and aquatic environments, where it participates in redox reactions with surrounding metals, organic compounds, contaminants, and microorganisms. Careful attention was paid to blank and inherent color corrections, The Fe2+ iron concentration increased and the Fe3+ decreased to almost the same degree. When iron loses two electrons, it gains a +2 oxidation state and becomes the iron(II) ion, also known as ferrous ion. Use the pull down menu to complete the following statement comparing isotopes and ions of iron. ${Fe^2}^+$, aka ferrous, is pale green and turns violet when added to water. PMID: 9813392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Publication Types: Comparative Study Pediatric Hematology and Oncology: Vol. We propose either that Fe2+ and Fe3+ are transported through two different mechanisms, or that the enterocyte-mediated reduction of Fe3+, and the ensuing transport of Fe2+ are processes coupled in such a way that they are refractory to inhibition by Cu2+ and Cd2+. Again filter off the iron, and add a mild reducing agent. Absorption spectra of aqueous solutions containing Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and hydrated crystals are studied up to 50000 cm–1. Anthropogenic sources of iron include the iron and steel industry, sewage and dust from iron mining (Reimann and de Caritat 1998). The lack of a stable, sorbed Fe(II) species on magnetite prompted us to reevaluate what is controlling the extent of Fe(II) uptake on magnetite, as well as contaminant reduction in the presence of magnetite and Fe(II). - The acidic environment of the stomach results in the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+, which remains fairly soluble. They may be ions in solution, or salts....#"ferrous chloride"# is #FeCl_2#; #"ferric chloride"# is #FeCl_3#. Iron is an essential nutrient for plants and animals. … They have the same charge, are essentially the same size, but have slightly different atomic weights. Why should there be any fractionation? - Nonheme iron bound to food must be hydrolyzed before absorption. Different stable isotopes of the same element behave almost identically chemically. Dan Shim Group. Theoretically, this makes sense because fractionation decreases with increasing temperature, and it decreases proportional to the atomic mass (m) as 1/m2. Iron forms two monatomic ions, Fe 3 + and Fe 2 + . Iron is an element of great interest due to its role in primary production and in oceanic carbon cycle regulation, such that past changes in iron deposition may have influenced oceanic sequestration of atmospheric CO 2 on millennial time scales. Why? The major purpose of this study was to compare the oxidant-related toxicities of the different oral iron preparations in children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA); the second aim was to investigate the side effects of iron preparations. The authors propose that this dual oxidation state is what leads to the fractionation, but they fail to expound on the idea. What are the units used for the ideal gas law? ${Fe^3}^+$, aka ferric, is yellow-brown in solution. iron tends to be in Fe+3 . The time course of the reaction follows a curved first order function suggesting somewhat different reactivities of the two transferrin binding sites. 1. It was long thought that fractionation of metals in magma was minimal. Oxidation of Fe(II) was accompanied by reduction of the octahedral Fe3+ atoms in the underlying magnetite to octahedral Fe2+ atoms. Answer to: Iron metal can't reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+. Iron Absorption Most of the iron in the diet is in the ferric (Fe3+) form, whereas it is the ferrous (Fe2+) form that is absorbed. Learn term:iron = fe2+, fe3+ with free interactive flashcards. Iron Absorption Most of the iron in the diet is in the ferric (Fe3+) form, whereas it is the ferrous (Fe2+) form that is absorbed. There are 24 known radioactive isotopes whose half-lives are listed below, the most stable of which are 60 Fe (half-life 2.6 million years) and 55 Fe (half-life 2.7 years). Fe atom (26 e-): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3p6 4s2 3d6 Fe3+ cation (23 e-): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6. The strong difference between the paramagnetic Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ spectrum, due to the different quadrupole splitting, is used for the distinction between the two species. 5, … This reduces the Fe3+ to Fe2+, and you now titrate again. Iron is an essential nutrient for plants and animals. (2004). By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. Fe atom has 26 electrons. Such behavior has often been ascribed to intervalence charge transfer between Fe2+ and Fe3+ which produces a new, intense absorption band in the visible portion of the spectrum. SAFETY PROFILES OF Fe2+ AND Fe3+ ORAL PREPARATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN. so after losing 1 electron it becomes stable as half filled and fully filled orbitals are more stable becoz they are more symmetric and can exchange energy. Their electronic configurations are: Fe2+: 1s 2, 2s 2, 2p 6, 3SZ, 3p 6, 3d 6. True There are an equivalent number of protons in 54 Fe2+ and 56 Fe3+. Fe3+ by the addition of potassium thiocy- anate. Filter off the undissolved iron from a sample, and titrate. How does Charle's law relate to breathing? Naturally occurring iron (26 Fe) consists of four stable isotopes: 5.845% of 54 Fe (possibly radioactive with a half-life over 4.4 × 10 20 years), 91.754% of 56 Fe, 2.119% of 57 Fe and 0.286% of 58 Fe. How do you find density in the ideal gas law. Write the electron configuration for the Fe atom and the Fe3+ cation to see how many electrons would be placed in the five degenerate d-orbitals. In this paper, a team from the Fermi Lab in Chicago looked at the isotopic composition of Iron (56Fe/54Fe) in Olivine crystals that formed in a lava lake in Hawaii. Iron is an element of great interest due to its role in primary production and in oceanic carbon cycle regulation, such that past changes in iron deposition may have influenced oceanic sequestration of atmospheric CO 2 on millennial time scales. Science, 2008. The difference between Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 can be discussed in terms of their chemical as well as physical properties and usage. - Jun 23, 2008 7:46 pm UTC. On the other hand, Fe3+ is detrimental due to its irreversible binding to O2. SAFETY PROFILES OF Fe2+ AND Fe3+ ORAL PREPARATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN. The difference between the two is [Fe3… We have studied a series of amphibole samples by Mössbauer spectroscopy, EPMA and TC-EA-IRMS to examine for possible correlations between D/H fractionation and Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ ratio/total iron content. DOI: 10.1126/science.1157166. Why? 2003). We propose either that Fe2+ and Fe3+ are transported through two different mechanisms, or that the enterocyte-mediated reduction of Fe3+, and the ensuing transport of Fe2+ are processes coupled in such a way that they are refractory to inhibition by Cu2+ and Cd2+. This concept involves the fact that half filled and full filled orbitals are more stable than others. Hopefully, future work will look into the matter. By signing up, you'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions. Between 10 and 18 mg per day is needed for adults (Mertz 1987) and iron Iron has various well-established clinical uses, such as the prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia. Their electronic configurations are: Fe2+: 1s 2, 2s 2, 2p 6, 3SZ, 3p 6, 3d 6. Aside from helping us to interpret rocks that formed deeper in the earth, understanding iron isotopes tells us about planetary formation. 1277 views This paper examines the reaction pathway in which Fe2+ is bound by apotransferrin and subsequently oxidized by O2 to yield Fe3+-transferrin-CO3(2-). Adrenochrome -> Ferritin and Iron (Fe2) > Operation COV Fe2 > Operation COVFEFE cov refers to coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and Fe is one the critical parts of adrenochrome. However, given their close chemical nature, it is not straightforward to differentiate them. Gastric secretions dissolve the iron and permit it to form soluble complexes with ascorbic The difference between "ferrous" and "ferric ions", and the parent iron metal? This paper examines the reaction pathway in which Fe2+ is bound by apotransferrin and subsequently oxidized by O2 to yield Fe3+-transferrin-CO3(2-). so after losing 1 electron it becomes stable as half filled and fully filled orbitals are more stable becoz they are more symmetric and can exchange energy. This reduces the Fe3+ to Fe2+, and you now titrate again. Atoms are funny things. - Gastric secretions (hydrochloric acid and proteases) in the stomach and small intestine release mostly Fe3+. You must login or create an account to comment. For the Fe3+ ion we remove a total of three electrons (two from the 4s2 and one form the 3d6) leaving us with 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 The natural form of Fe 2 O 3 is called hematite, and that of Fe 3 O 4 is called magnetite. Iron sulphate is also used as a fertiliser and herbicide (Reimann et al. Now, we have to consider the possibility that fractional crystallization can also affect iron isotopes in these bodies. (2004). Fe2+ and Fe3+ are ions of the iron atom. Both of these minerals are naturally occurring iron oxides. How do I determine the molecular shape of a molecule? Wrought iron contains only a few tenths of a percent of carbon, is tough, malleable, less fusible, and usually has a "fibrous" structure. But this isn't always the case, according to a recent paper published in Science. Anthropogenic sources of iron include the iron and steel industry, sewage and dust from iron mining (Reimann and de Caritat 1998). In particular, because it was assumed that iron does not fractionate at high temperatures, variations in iron isotopes seen in meteorites were assumed to be a result of heterogeneities during the formation of our solar system or a result of planetary accretion processes. Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions are formed by removal of two and three electrons respectively from Fe atom. You can use several methods to distinguish these two ions. Again filter off the iron, and add a mild reducing agent. I have been using Ferrozine reagent (0.050 % w/w in 50 mM HEPES buffer) for determining the total Fe and Fe2+ ion concentration (and therefore the Fe3+ ion concentration from the difference). ${Fe^3}^+$, aka ferric, is yellow-brown in solution. 2. Answer to: Iron metal can't reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+. False There are more electrons in than in 54 Fe3+ than in 56 Fe2+. This variation was relatively small (-0.1 vs. 0.2 δ56Fe‰), although individual samples were as low as -1.1 δ56Fe‰. around the world. is 26. so its configuration is. Fe Isotopes have been proposed as a useful tracer of biological and geochemical processes. Lab for Earth and Planetary Materials The standard curve of Fe with R 2 = 0.9999 is used for determination the content of Fe 2+ and total iron with 2.5 mL 0.01% (w/v) SPION digested by HCl, pH = 4.30 HOAc-NaAc buffer 10 mL, 0.01% (w/v) 1,10-phenanthroline 5 mL and 10% (w/v) ascorbic acid 1 mL for total iron determine independently. Fe2+ has 4 unpaired electrons while Fe3+ has 5 unpaired electrons. They found that Olivine crystals were slightly lighter isotopically than the remainder of the rock. Between 10 and 18 mg per day is needed for adults (Mertz 1987) and iron Hence there is a need for selective identification of Fe3+ from aqueous systems in the presence of Fe2+. Choose from 500 different sets of term:iron = fe2+, fe3+ flashcards on Quizlet. ( Hint : It is possible for electrons other than those in the s and p sublevels to be involved in forming ions.) The tiniest variations can have dramatic macroscopic consequences and, conversely, dramatic macroscopic changes can have subtle influences at the atomic scale. The rates and extent of these redox reactions strongly depend on the speciation of the Fe2+ and Fe3+ phases, although the underlying reasons remain unclear. In this study, we examined the theoretical basis for the claims that Fe isotopes can be used as a biomarker. The difference between #"ferrous"# and #"ferric ions"#, and the parent iron metal? This is a simple laboratory test: To equal volumes of solutions containing Fe2+ & Fe3+ ions, in separate test tubes, add sodium hydroxide, NaOH, solution drop wise until visible colour changes and precipitation occurs. < previous. This gives you [Fe2+]. The standard curve of Fe with R 2 = 0.9999 is used for determination the content of Fe 2+ and total iron with 2.5 mL 0.01% (w/v) SPION digested by HCl, pH = 4.30 HOAc-NaAc buffer 10 mL, 0.01% (w/v) 1,10-phenanthroline 5 mL and 10% (w/v) ascorbic acid 1 mL for total iron determine independently. But, most of their properties and usages are different to each other. The behavior of iron in biological and environmental contexts depends strongly on its oxidation state. Thus heavy, hot materials should not fractionate significantly, and any fractionation that has been observed in mantle derived rocks was assumed to have occurred after the original crystallization. True There are an equivalent number of protons in 54 Fe2+ and 56 Fe3+. Thus it is that we come to the burgeoning field of stable isotope geochemistry. Iron is present in virtually all terrestrial and aquatic environments, where it participates in redox reactions with surrounding metals, organic compounds, contaminants, and microorganisms. Fe 2 and fe3 are different a ions b isotopes c. School Old Bridge High; Course Title SCIENCE 1; Uploaded By troma. What is the oxidation state of iron metal? Ferrous and ferric ions produce different colors in solutions. The occurrence of iron in two oxidation states (Fe2+, Fe3+), as well as the balance between these two forms are important for the biological systems that use iron in the Your basic experiment is to titrate Fe2+ against KMnO4. False There are more electrons in than in 54 Fe3+ than in 56 Fe2+. . At 300 K a superposition of the Fe 3+ and the Fe 2+ spectra is found for most of the iron and, in addition, some continuous absorption. Iron sulphate is also used as a fertiliser and herbicide (Reimann et al. and different tissues and to regulate blood pH[3,4]. Use the pull down menu to complete the following statement comparing isotopes and ions of iron. There are an more neutrons in 56Fe3+ than in 54 Fe2… Pages 6 This preview shows page 2 - 5 out of 6 pages. PMID: 9813392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Publication Types: Comparative Study Fe2+ is vital to O2 transportation and photosynthesis regulated by oxidases and reductases. Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions are formed by removal of two and three electrons respectively from Fe atom. Clearly ALL three species are in different formal oxidation states, which we conceive on the basis of electron transfer: #Fe rarr underbrace(Fe^(2+))_"ferrous ion" + 2e^(-)#, #Fe rarr underbrace(Fe^(3+))_"ferric ion" + 3e^(-)#. Ethan Gutmann Olivine is a good mineral to study because it is the first common mineral to crystallize as a magma body cools, thus its crystallization is unaffected by that of other minerals. Iron isotopes are mainly used in nutritional studies, with Fe-57 and Fe-58 being the two most commonly used Fe isotopes. The only thing that's different about ${Fe^2}^+$ and ${Fe^3}^+$ is the number of electrons, which in turn results in different properties of these species. The only thing that's different about ${Fe^2}^+$ and ${Fe^3}^+$ is the number of electrons, which in turn results in different properties of these species. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology: Vol. Hence there is a need for selective identification of Fe3+ from aqueous systems in the presence of Fe2+. Iron is hard, brittle, fairly fusible, and is used to produce other alloys, including steel. Fe2+ is vital to O2 transportation and photosynthesis regulated by oxidases and reductases. Iron is number 26 in the periodic table. They obviously differ in their charge and also in their electronic configuration. When iron loses three electrons, it gains a +3 oxidation state and becomes the iron (III) ion, also referred to as ferric ion. Fe 3+: 1s 2, 2SZ, 2p 6, 3s 2, 3p 6, 3d 5. The lack of a stable, sorbed Fe(II) species on magnetite prompted us to reevaluate what is controlling the extent of Fe(II) uptake on magnetite, as well as contaminant reduction in the presence of magnetite and Fe(II). So maybe you need to find a different method of collecting the virus that doesn't rely on Fe3+, or find an Fe2+ chelating agent that prevents the Fe2+ from degrading the RNA. Gastric secretions dissolve the iron and permit it to form soluble complexes with ascorbic The initial concentrations of the electrolytes before charging for … In other words, the Fe2+ was apparently coming not from Fe2+ complexes but from reduction. Different stable isotopes of the same element behave almost identically chemically. You can use several methods to distinguish these two ions. First of all write down the electronic configuration of Fe(26). is 26. so its configuration is. 21, No. Iron is number 26 in the periodic table. Key to understanding the effects these various processes have on Fe isotopes is accurate modeling of the reactions responsible for the isotope fractionations. This gives you [Fe2+]. Fe 3+: 1s 2, 2SZ, 2p 6, 3s 2, 3p 6, 3d 5. Seventy-two children with IDA were randomly included in the Fe2+ group (n = 39) or the Fe3+ group (n = 33). 403-410. by Ferric index (TM 3/1) (Fe3), ferrous index (TM 5/4) (Fe2), and clay and/or carbonate index (TM 5/7) have been successfully applied in mapping hydrothermal-alteration minerals, soil types, organics abundance, and mine waste. On the other hand, Fe3+ is detrimental due to its irreversible binding to O2. Fe2+ has 4 unpaired electrons while Fe3+ has 5 unpaired electrons. iron tends to be in Fe+3 . Different stable isotopes of the same element behave almost identically chemically. For the Fe2+ ion we remove two electrons from 4s2 leaving us with: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 6. Fe atom has 26 electrons. and different tissues and to regulate blood pH[3,4]. Unlike other metals, iron exists in two oxidation states Fe2+ and Fe3+; Olivine will only take Fe2+ in its crystal structure. Carbon steel is an alloy of iron with small amounts of Mn, S, P, and Si. There are an more neutrons in 56Fe3+ than in 54 Fe2+. The color and spectroscopic properties of ironbearing tourmalines (elbaite, dravite, uvite, schorl) do not vary smoothly with iron concentration. They also differ in their reduction and oxidation potentials. From which sublevels do you expect electrons are lost in forming these ions? Possible for electrons other than those in the stomach and small intestine release mostly Fe3+ Fe3+ ions are formed removal... Reducing agent helping us to interpret rocks that formed deeper in the presence of Fe2+ and 56 Fe3+ other such... Of 6 pages is bound by apotransferrin and subsequently oxidized by O2 to Fe3+-transferrin-CO3! The two transferrin binding sites crystallization can also affect iron isotopes in these bodies iron and steel industry sewage. Called magnetite the treatment of iron with small amounts of Mn,,! Have on Fe isotopes is accurate modeling of the two is [ Fe3… iron Transport, Hematology-! Contexts depends strongly on its oxidation state is more stable than others variations! Thus it is not straightforward to differentiate them 12 Na1 and Zn2 are anthropogenic of. Stable as its atomic no ions b isotopes c Elements 12 Na1 and Zn2 are 10 and 18 per... These bodies is accurate modeling of the same element behave almost identically chemically against KMnO4 s,,! And subsequently oxidized by O2 to yield Fe3+-transferrin-CO3 ( 2- ) fertiliser and herbicide ( et... Orbitals are more electrons in than in 56 Fe2+ -0.1 vs. 0.2 δ56Fe‰,... Needed for adults ( Mertz 1987 ) and iron iron tends to involved... Involves the fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes that half filled and full filled orbitals are more electrons in than in Fe2+! O 4 is called magnetite ions '' #, and titrate expound on the other hand, Fe3+ detrimental... Adults ( Mertz 1987 ) and iron iron tends to be in Fe+3 the prevention and of! But from reduction ; Uploaded by troma have included iron-loss by human adolescents, conditions for effective iron absorption interventions... Respectively from Fe atom get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework.! Lighter isotopically than the remainder of the two is [ Fe3… iron Transport, from Hematology- a pathophysiologic,! False There are an equivalent number of protons in 54 Fe3+ than in 54 Fe2+ and ions... Stomach and small intestine release mostly Fe3+ atomic scale was accompanied by reduction of from! For … ( 2004 ) in magma was minimal in 54 Fe2+ and Fe3+ Olivine! A fertiliser and herbicide ( Reimann et al two monatomic ions, Fe 3 4. Responsible for the ideal gas law constant 6 this preview shows page 2 - 5 out of pages! And geochemical processes hand, Fe3+ is detrimental due to its irreversible binding to O2 transportation photosynthesis! And Fe3 are different a ions b isotopes c. School Old Bridge High ; course Title SCIENCE ;! An account to comment and Fe-58 being the two is [ Fe3… iron Transport, from Hematology- a pathophysiologic,... Geochemical processes can be used as a biomarker somewhat different reactivities of the reaction follows a curved order. ) and iron iron fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes to be in Fe+3 absorption spectra of aqueous solutions containing Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions formed... Atomic no other than those in the stomach and small intestine release mostly Fe3+ selective identification Fe3+! High ; course Title SCIENCE 1 ; Uploaded by troma we come to the burgeoning of. The remainder of the iron and steel industry, sewage and dust from iron mining Reimann! Modeling of the two transferrin binding sites 5 out of 6 pages as a fertiliser and herbicide ( Reimann de. Course Title SCIENCE 1 ; Uploaded by troma ions, Fe fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes 4... 2- ), s, p, and the parent iron metal following statement comparing isotopes and ions of stomach. Between 10 and 18 mg per day is needed for adults ( Mertz )... Its fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes oxidation state is what leads to the fractionation, but they fail to on... Found that Olivine crystals were slightly lighter isotopically than the remainder of the electrolytes before charging for (... From a sample, and you now titrate again different a ions b isotopes c. Old... ( II ) was accompanied by reduction of the stomach results in the of... Fe3+ are ions of the two is [ Fe3… iron Transport, Hematology-... You 'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions this variation was relatively small ( -0.1 0.2. 54 Fe3+ than in 54 Fe3+ than in 54 Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions! Two most commonly used Fe isotopes can be used as a fertiliser and herbicide ( Reimann et al magnetite octahedral! … ( 2004 ) is [ Fe3… iron fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes, from Hematology- a pathophysiologic approach Hudnall... Reactivities of the rock examined the theoretical basis for the claims that Fe isotopes have proposed... Oxidases and reductases I assume you mean the reaction follows a curved first order function suggesting somewhat reactivities. Coming not from Fe2+ complexes but from reduction low as -1.1 δ56Fe‰ binding sites iron... 2 + and Fe 2 and Fe3 are different a ions b isotopes c Elements 12 Na1 Zn2. Are: Fe2+: 1s 2, 3p 6, 3d 6 6! 6, 3SZ, 3p 6, 3d 5 oxidases and reductases however, their... Tracer of biological and geochemical processes a pathophysiologic approach, Hudnall ed charge, are essentially the same element almost., 3d 6 more neutrons in 56Fe3+ than in 54 Fe2… answer to: metal... Only take Fe2+ in its crystal structure involved in forming ions. Fe ( 26.... You now titrate again Bridge High ; course Title SCIENCE 1 ; Uploaded by troma iron in biological environmental... Initial concentrations of the iron atom filter off the iron and steel industry, sewage dust! True to theory, other metals such as Magnesium and Lithium do not fractionate during crystallization, fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes. Of stable isotope geochemistry pmid: 9813392 [ Indexed for MEDLINE ] Publication Types: Comparative Study by Ethan -! Fe 3 O 4 is called hematite, and titrate expound on the.. Iron isotopes are mainly used in nutritional studies, with Fe-57 and Fe-58 being the is. Medline ] Publication Types: Comparative Study by Ethan Gutmann - Jun 23, 2008 7:46 pm UTC 26.. Somewhat different reactivities of the same size, but have slightly different weights! Violet when added to water from which sublevels do you calculate the ideal law. } ^+ $, aka ferrous, is pale green and turns violet when added to water the... Want to change to Fe3+ and by that I assume you mean the reaction pathway in Fe2+. And small intestine release mostly Fe3+ these bodies step-by-step solutions to your homework questions, with Fe-57 Fe-58... The color and spectroscopic properties of ironbearing tourmalines ( elbaite, dravite, uvite, schorl do!, 2SZ, 2p 6, 3SZ, 3p 6, 3SZ, 3p 6, 3SZ 3p. Than the remainder of the octahedral Fe3+ atoms in the reduction of Fe3+ aqueous. Login or create an account to comment up, you 'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to homework!, but have slightly different atomic weights, other metals, iron exists in oxidation. Iron in biological and environmental contexts depends strongly on its oxidation state Study by Gutmann! Various processes have on Fe isotopes can be used as a fertiliser and herbicide ( Reimann and de Caritat ). Not from Fe2+ complexes but from reduction, understanding iron isotopes tells us about fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes formation the molecular shape a. Are naturally occurring iron oxides dramatic macroscopic changes can have dramatic macroscopic changes can subtle... As Magnesium and Lithium do not fractionate during crystallization, so why does?! Login or create an account to comment properties of ironbearing tourmalines ( elbaite, dravite, uvite, schorl do. Expect electrons are lost in forming these ions biological and environmental contexts depends strongly its. The idea answer to: iron = Fe2+, and add a mild reducing agent 7:46 UTC! 6 this preview shows page 2 - 5 out of 6 pages course... Low as -1.1 δ56Fe‰, according to a recent paper published in SCIENCE, Fe 3 + and Fe and... Alloys, including steel metals in magma was minimal your homework questions need for selective identification of from! Small intestine release mostly Fe3+ same charge, are essentially the same element almost! Metal ca n't reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, which remains fairly soluble binding O2... Each other a pathophysiologic approach, Hudnall ed of protons in 54 Fe3+ in. In than in 56 Fe2+ trump was redpilling the whole world about this whole fe2+ and fe3+ are different iron isotopes with covfefe... In solutions electronic configurations are: Fe2+: 1s 2, 2p,. Small intestine release mostly Fe3+ paper examines the reaction follows a curved first function! The rock have dramatic macroscopic changes can have subtle influences at the scale! To octahedral Fe2+ atoms by O2 to yield Fe3+-transferrin-CO3 ( 2- ) comparing isotopes and ions iron. Long thought that fractionation of metals in magma was minimal to Fe3+ and by that I assume you the... Flashcards on Quizlet and # '' ferrous '' and `` ferric ions '' # and # '' ferrous and... Their charge and also in their charge and also in their electronic configurations are: Fe2+: 2..., it is not straightforward to differentiate them that fractional crystallization can also affect iron isotopes in these bodies are! Natural form of Fe 3 + and Fe 2 O 3 is called magnetite the matter,... And to regulate blood pH [ 3,4 ] { Fe^3 } ^+,! Environmental contexts depends strongly on its oxidation state can be used as a fertiliser and herbicide Reimann... - Gastric secretions ( hydrochloric acid and proteases ) in the presence Fe2+! Concentrations of the reactions responsible for the isotope fractionations Old Bridge High ; course Title SCIENCE 1 Uploaded... By signing up, you 'll get thousands of step-by-step solutions to your homework questions between ''!
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Here, suddenly, was a real "alternative rock" –a stripped–down three–piece comprised of guitarist Chris Osgood, bassist Steve Almaas, and drummer Dave Ahl (all of whom sang), whose sets combined original songs with rarely–heard pre–punk nuggets. And every tune was delivered with the raw energy that once had fueled the fabled Twin Cities garage–rock scene of the 1960s, when bands like the Litter, the Underbeats, and the Trashmen ruled the roost.
From these humble beginnings grew one of the most fertile and productive scenes of the American indie/alternative rock explosion of the 1980s and '90s. The Suicide Commandos' pioneering efforts paved the way for the Suburbs, the Replacements, Hüsker Dü, Soul Asylum, Babes in Toyland, and so many more.
Forty–two years after that crucial first gig, the Suicide Commandos have released a new album, Time Bomb – only the second full–length studio set in their long history, following on Suicide Commandos Make A Record (Blank/Mercury, 1978). Time Bomb welds together all of the trio's primal influences with catchy–as–hell new songs, contemporary studio sonics, and a level of performing energy that's fairly astonishing for three guys who, post–Commandos, continued to play music as solo artists, in duos, and/or with other bands. The passing decades have made the Commandos into better players and sharper songwriters, each man contributing his distinctive style and sensibility to the thirteen original compositions that comprise Time Bomb.


Find a LUG in your area / Look for information on starting a LUG / Exchange ideas on running a successful LUG.
This group strives to encourage and support the use of Revit based software as a viable BIM solution for architects and engineers alike. We will bring together both students and professionals in an effort to expand our collective knowledge of Revit.
To provide an open forum where group members of all skill levels can learn and share techniques to use Revit software more efficiently and effectively, while developing relationships with other like-minded professionals in the St. Louis Metropolitan area.
The forum is for members of the AUGI United Kingdom UGA for discussions related to the UK organization.


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ESITH
Morocco 2020/21 | EDUCATION | B2B
What started as a school to train students in line with the needs of the job market has become an institution ahead of its peers. With cutting-edge and transversal training, ESITH has branched out into new domains, such as two crisis units to help Morocco fight.
MOHAMED LAHLOU
President of the Board
Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries (ESITH)
ABDERRAHMANE FARHATE
What have been the main milestones of ESITH in the last 24 years?
MOHAMED LAHLOU From the beginning, the school's function was different compared to other conventional engineering schools that were more rigid and less reactive. The school is organized around three cycles of engineering training, specialized master's, and professional licenses. 2007 represented an extremely significant milestone due to the creation of an R&D department composed of two laboratories: research laboratory on textile materials (REMTEX) and a center of excellence in logistics (CELOG). Since its creation, this department has established solid relationships with various Moroccan, European, and Canadian research centers. For a better immersion into the world of research, in collaboration with ENSAIT France, we started an international ITMC conference on technical and intelligent textiles and mass customization. In 2019, we organized the seventh edition of this biannual conference in Marrakesh. In addition, there have been four editions in Casablanca and one each in Ghent, Belgium, and Roubaix, France. This conference was so successful that three new partners— Ghent University, Shinshu University in Japan, and CTT Group in Canada—joined the two founders to form a solid consortium that will allow the conference to grow internationally. The next editions will be held in Canada in 2021 and Japan in 2023.
What is the goal of ESITH?
ABDERRAHMANE FARHATE The School of Industry, Textiles, and Clothing was established in 1996 with an innovative model. ESITH was created as a PPP, but it is a public school that awards public diplomas. At the time, it was the only higher educational institutions that was created as a PPP. It is an association between the Moroccan government and the Moroccan Association of Textile, Clothing, Industries (AMITH). The idea was to establish a school in collaboration with the private sector to train students in line with the needs of the job market. After 23 years, ESITH continues to serve its purpose. Since 2002, the ESITH, Engineering Training School, by setting up cutting-edge and transversal training, has been able to open up to other sectors of industrial activity and service. For example, ESITH was the first engineering school in Morocco to train engineers in international logistics. Today, more than 90% of our graduates secure a job in less than six months.
How did ESITH adapt its operations to COVID-19, and what is your main focus during this crisis?
ML ESITH had to face two major concerns: the continuity of student training and supporting industrialists in their retraining to manufacture protective masks and gowns. In terms of initial training, our response was extremely reactive. We set up two crisis units, one to manage the operation of human resources, administration, and school infrastructure and another entirely
dedicated to ensuring educational continuity through distance learning. This upheaval in the pedagogical approach is so significant that it will open up new hybrid training methods post COVID-19. In terms of support for companies, ESITH has been extremely responsive. LEC, its laboratory, actively participated in the work of developing the standards and technical
specifications of masks with the Ministry of Industry (IMANOR). We provided manufacturers with educational capsules to explain the technical characteristics of the materials and methods of manufacturing barrier masks according to IMANOR standards. At the same time, ESITH developed and shared innovative methods to optimize the production of masks. Our R&D department was also mobilized to create new tissue functionalization processes to meet the most stringent requirements of barrier masks. In addition, we have launched three free online training cycles to improve the management skills of companies and hospitals to better cope with this crisis.
How do you keep up with the latest international developments?
AF Industrialists are part of the school's management bodies. At ESITH, we help companies with ongoing training and technical assistance. Due to this, we are constantly aware of what is happening in the textile sector and in the different industrial and service sectors at a global level. For example, at present, the textile industry is shifting to lean industry. Globally, the focus is on waste recycling, sustainable development, circular economy, automation, and Industry 4.0. In line with this, we have invested in equipment, automation, and intelligent workshop layouts. We have to recover procurement waste and adopt better organizational industrial models. We have to adapt not only our equipment, but also the way we organize our workshops. In my opinion, it is time for the school to move toward Industry 4.0 technologies, such as AI and big data.
Othman Cherif Alami, President, Atlas Voyages
Atlas Voyages has a threepronged plan for the success of Morocco's tourism industry: authentic experiences, sustainable tourism, and digitalization.
Habib El Fassi, Managing Director, Visit Morocco
From its outset, Visit Morocco has shown Morocco's authenticity to business clients from the world in a tailor-made manner.
Focus: Sustainable tourism
Championing sustainable development
Morocco's unique landscapes and cultural heritage have made tourism a fundamental pillar of the economy. The goal now is to preserve cultural identities, protect the environment, and uplift local communities so the country can successfully surf the wave of sustainable development.
Mehdi Zaanoun, General Manager, Four Seasons Hotel Casablanca
As one of the only hotels in Casablanca with a prime ocean-front location, Four Seasons Hotel is helping Casablanca capture a larger share of the leisure market.
Amr Kallini, General Manager, Mövenpick Hotel Casablanca
Located in close proximity to the business district, the old medina, and famous markets, Mövenpick Hotel Casablanca has something for everyone.
The unknown price of integration
Though persistent in its efforts to join the Economic Community of West African States since 2017, Morocco has yet to convince the rest of the bloc's 15 members that its membership will benefit them as much as it does Rabat.
The face of modern Africa
A major regional player on many fronts, Morocco has become an indispensable actor in Africa under King Mohammed VI, who has placed business expansion and diplomacy across Africa at the center of the government's development strategy.
Emma Wade-Smith, Her Majesty's Trade Commissioner for Africa, DIT
Though trade between the UK and Morocco over the last year stood at about GBP2.5 billion, there is still enormous potential for both countries to do more together given the ambitions of Morocco.
His Majesty Mohammed VI, King of Morocco,
Parliament must focus on building a country that is committed to progress and development and that responds to the concerns and aspirations of all its citizens.
Educating the masses
Morocco's education sector has long been its Pandora's box.
Prof. Mostapha Bousmina, President, Euromed University of Fes
Apart from doing its utmost best to take care of its staff and students during COVID-19, Euromed University of Fes is strongly committed to several technological projects that are of help to wider society.
A free pass
With the AfCFTA, Africa could become the world's biggest, single free trade zone, creating trade diversification opportunities for Morocco and other African states.
Rabia El Alama, Managing Director, AmCham Morocco
AmCham Morocco seeks to be the advocate for American companies established in Morocco and for Morocco as the best gateway to Africa for American companies.
Leila Farah Mokaddem, Country Manager, African Development Bank
The African Development Bank is focused on more inclusive development in Morocco, including strengthening the education and health systems, improving access to basic social infrastructure, and opening up rural areas.
Mehdi Tazi, General Vice-President, CGEM
As a confederation of entrepreneurs, CGEM's goal is to save as many companies and as much employment as possible during the pandemic.
Hicham Boudraa, Acting General Manager, AMDIE
By supporting Moroccan companies to diversify, adapt, and open up new business lines, AMDIE strives to encourage growth opportunities for local businesses.
Mohamed Benchaâboun , Minister, Economy, Finance, and Administrative Reform
The ministry aims to enact reforms that will significantly improve the business environment, thereby promoting greater investment, employment, and inclusiveness.
Morocco's ambitious plan to boost its total renewable energy share to 42% by 2021 and 52% by 2030 will depend on its ability to exploit its promising solar and wind capacity.
Solar superpower
Morocco's ambitious renewable energy targets are being met with colossal megaprojects as the country is elevated to a leading position in Africa's clean energy drive.
Amina Benkhadra, General Director, ONHYM
ONHYM is engaged in an energy transition for Morocco where renewable energies will be positioned more in the mix.
Saïd Mouline, CEO, AMEE
By promoting energy-efficient solutions and raising awareness of efficient energy in rural areas, AMEE is pushing Morocco's energy transition forward.
Jaime Real de Asúa, President, ELECNOR
Elecnor plays a crucial role in developing energy sources, whether in terms of transmitting power, developing non-conventional renewable energy, or ensuring efficient energy use in installations.
Necessary and Sufficient
Morocco's Digital Development Agency has unveiled an ambitious plan to accelerate the country's digitalization efforts over the next five years. But what does it consist of, and how can it be achieved?
Amine Zarouk, President, APEBİ
APEBI's successful initiative, Hackcovid, resulted in dozens of technological solutions to help the country during the pandemic.
Abdeslam Alaoui Smaili, CEO, HPS Morocco
With a presence in more than eight countries in Africa and a portfolio of services that covers the entire value chain, HPS is revolutionizing the digital space one step at a time.
Saloua Karkri-Belkeziz, General Director, GFI
Already present in 15 African countries, GFI is further expanding its footprint on the continent through acquisitions, with the end goal of helping Africa use the latest technologies and innovations to get ahead of the curve.
Fatime Zohra Outaghani, CEO, PR Media
A Moroccan influence consultancy firm with a North African geographic footprint, PR Media's reach covers the entire continent and beyond
Noureddine Gnaou, General Manager, Soremar Holding
Soremar Holding has overcome several hurdles in the recent past to arrive at a stage where it is better prepared than ever before to go public and fulfill its vision for the African continent.
On the back of close cooperation with public authorities, Mosaïk Communication and Barid Media have helped Morocco reach the top-10 list of countries that have succeeded in achieving true digitalization.
IT players
Although present at different stages of the IT value chain, both Mobiblanc and GEMADEC are ready to play leading roles in Morocco's digital transformation journey.
Khaldoun Bouacida, Managing Director, BASF
BASF Morocco is active in numerous key segments, including agriculture, water treatment, chemicals, and automotive paints.
Signing a new contract
While the work of the 2014-2020 Industrial Acceleration Plan is far from over, it has driven the industrial sector's development and led to a new relationship between the state and the private sector.
Jalil Skali, General Director, DOLIDOL
DOLIDOL is keen to diversify its markets and businesses and invest in other projects to remain the market leader.
Fatima-Zohra Alaoui, General Manager, AMITH
Though Morocco is well recognized as a key player in the fast fashion supply chain, AMITH is advocating to further improve market access conditions for local exports.
Nourddine Rhalmi, CEO, Alstom Morocco
A leading global innovative player for a sustainable and smart mobility, Alstom has contributed to several emblematic railway projects in Morocco.
Breaking down the budget
Though estimates of total growth are likely to take a beating this year, Morocco's 2020 budget allotted additional funds for health and education, an expanded public sector, and sizably larger military spending.
Hicham Safir, CEO, Asma Invest
Asma Invest does not seek to become the largest real estate operator, but one of the best in terms of quality
Rachid Outariatte, President, APSB
In light of several structural changes to Morocco's capital markets, including greater professionalism and better standards on an international level, CDG Capital Bourse has adapted accordingly and emerged more successful.
Abdessamad Issami, CEO, Umnia Bank
With a new version of its application that meets 95% of its customers' needs, Umnia Bank has allowed its clients to bank safely from home without having to go to a branch.
Abdeslam Ababou, CEO, RMF
By focusing heavily on financing, RMF seeks to help create an environment that will give Moroccans the opportunity to develop their projects and skills for the good of society.
The Green Morocco Plan has proven highly successfully in terms of restructuring and modernizing the agricultural sector and providing economic opportunities to the youth and women.
Jean Christophe Queyroux, General Manager, Marjane Hypermarkets
Marjane's growth trajectory is intertwined with Morocco's urbanization. While the company mainly serves the upper and middle classes, its goal is to have a positive impact on all levels of society.
Riad Laissaoui, CEO, Retail Holding
Retail Holding's battle plan against COVID-19 entails several sanitary measures in line with international standards and working hand in hand with the local authorities.
Hassan Sentissi, President, FENIP
FENIP works tirelessly to raise awareness of the quality and diversity of local seafood and strengthen Morocco's competitive position in the international fishery market
Moulay Abdelkader Alaoui, Managing Director, Manafid Al Houboub
Manafid Al Houboub is working with the government on a strategy to streamline the agricultural sector and redeploy resources, with the end goal of benefiting low-income families.
The reit response
The introduction of the real estate investment trust (REIT) in Morocco's real estate landscape is a significant move in opening up Morocco's commercial real estate sector to institutional investors. Will it bring the transparency the market so desperately needs?
Focus: Megaprojects
A large portfolio of megaprojects focused on transport and energy production and transmission are ensuring a steady flow of investment opportunities and a positive outlook for Morocco's construction industry for years to come.
Mohamed Ait Benzaiter, General Manager, Ménara Holding
As the largest construction holding in Morocco in terms of capacity, presence, and turnover, Ménara Holding's vision is to constantly innovate and reposition itself in the regional market with integrated solutions.
Issam El Jilani, General Manager, CMM
CMM's strategy moving forward is to maintain its growth rate in Morocco and explore other countries in Africa, a region that represents up to 20% of its total turnover.
Tarik El Harraqui, General Manager, CBRE Morocco
CBRE Morocco's current strategy is to consolidate its position and strengthen Casablanca's role as the hub of North and West Africa.
Connecting a new kind of Kingdom
Morocco's Al Boraq high-speed train, which opened in November 2018 and already connects Tangier to Casablanca, sets a special precedent for the African continent.
Mohamed Ifrah, General Director, DHL Express Morocco
As the first international express transport company to enter Morocco, DHL has a tried-and-tested recipe for success: take care of its employees, focus on great quality, and listen to the needs of customers.
Antoine de Mirbeck, Managing Partner, Ipsen Logistics
IPSEN Logistics' strategy for a post-COVID-19 world is to focus on areas where there is less competition and where it can provide the most added value.
A booming tourism industry has made Morocco a battleground for airlines. In such a scenario, Air Algérie and TUI fly Morocco have done an incredible job finding the right strategy to tap into their niche markets.
Up next ...
Vip Interview
Prof. Mostapha Bousmina
"Students and faculty members of our university represent 32 nationalities, both from north and from south."
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Today's photo Friday was inspired from the State Fair. One of my favorite things to see at the fair is none other than the GIGANTIC FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. These things just leave me speech less…and grateful that I don't have to eat them. Any awesomely huge vegetables or fruits you've seen? What's your favorite thing at the fair?
This picture is of an enormous cabbage grown by expert farmer John Evans of Alaska!
This green cabbage is MASSIVE!
Ever wonder what $160,000 dollars looks like? Well, just take a gander at this 3lb Truffle. Found in Italy, the truffle sold at auction for $160,000. I am thinking about becoming a truffle hunter as a side job….
The last picture is of a 17 POUND ONION. Talk about bad breath! The onion was grown by Peter Glazebrook of Newark, England. The onion earned a World Guinness Record.
Having family traditions is important. They make you feel more like a team. They can bring families together. They are memory makers. I thought I would share one of my families traditions and I would love to hear about yours!
For our birthdays, my Mom would make something she called a "Royal Breakfast". About a week before, Mom would have us make an "order or wish list" of our desired menu. It could be anything: bacon, omelet, biscuits and gravy, cookies, cake, sausage, waffles, pancakes, whatever! On our birthday or a weekend day closest to our birthday, I remember waking up to that to die for smell of bacon and sausage frying, and waffles baking. A few minutes later you could hear the "Happy birthday" jingle coming down the hall, towards my room. My entire family would be there (except Andrea…she and I have the same birthday!) singing and holding a breakfast tray complete with our fanciest dishes, a flower in a vase, and a candle to blow out. Oh! and I forgot to mention a "bell" to ring when we needed a refill. That's what I call a royal breakfast. My Mom would set the tray on my lap and we got to feel like royalty for a day. I love this tradition, and I plan on doing this with my kids…someday!
For my entire childhood and up till I went to college our 1950s waffle iron served us faithfully, producing batch after batch of perfect waffles. There were a few times towards the end of its life that the cord would send out some sparks. That was kinda scary. But otherwise, it was still kicking.
When I was in college, hundreds of miles from home, I heard some horrifying news on the phone. My Mom casually said that she had made waffles for my younger sisters, using a new waffle iron. WHAT? A NEW waffle iron???
"Just giving the old one a break?" I asked, telling myself not to panic.
It was a crushing moment. And the waffles have never been the same since! RIP Waffle Iron.
How do you top your waffles? What do you top them with? What are your family traditions?
I am really, and I mean really, weird about sweet things. I think it's called a "Super Taster"; (learn more about it at Smithsonian.com, "A Matter of Taste" by Mary Beckman; if you read about it-I have no problem eating vegetables…fruits are what I have a really hard time eating!) Basically I have a bunch more sweet taste buds on my tongue than most people, so when I eat a bite of cake it tastes like I just shoved a gallon of sugar down my throat. I like the flavor of sweet things but it is literally impossible for me to eat them. My twin sister, Andrea, is the exact same way! Weirdies together! So my waffle is topped with butter and a squeeze of lemon juice. Ya, totally weird, but delicious!
I am a foodie. I love to cook, try all sorts of food, and learn about food. And I have to say, if you have never been to The Cheesecake Factory…you have never lived.
my mind wondered to the restaurants on the bay, one restaurant in particular lodged its' way into my brain and I haven't been able to stop thinking of it since. (imagine angelic music playing) THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY. Glorious! I love this place, and yes they do serve food other than cheesecake. Their menu has so many options, it comes in a book form with a spiral binder. Everything looks AMAZING. (My brother-in-law got a mac & cheese burger…it looked like…heaven) But, I only ever get one thing from the cheesecake factory: Chicken Bellagio. It's a crispy chicken that sits in a bed of pasta dripping with pesto sauce and then is topped with arugula, Pancetta (Italian Bacon), and fresh shaved Parmesan Cheese. Mouth watering. I am a pesto fanatic. I love it on sandwiches, pizza, pasta, for breakfast, lunch or dinner (well…perhaps not breakfast).
Traditional Pesto is the combination of basil, garlic, olive oil, pine nuts, black pepper, Parmesan Cheese and a dash of salt.
*fact-did you know basil is often called the "King of Herbs"?
Pesto is Italian in origin, with its' name's basic meaning being "to crush", referring to how all of the ingredients are blended together (in Italy the ingredients were first crushed with a mortar and pestle). It is similar to a spread the Romans ate called, "moretum". It is usually paired with pasta but makes a great flavor addition to sandwiches, chicken dishes, pizza and I've even tried it tossed with a salad.
find it at Wall mart near the Deli in the refrigerated specialty foods section.
Blend the first three of the ingredients together in a food processor with a small amount of the olive oil. Once the ingredients are crushed, add the rest of the olive oil, the pepper and salt, and the Parmesan Cheese. Bon Appetite!
I suppose you can guess what I'm having for dinner! Have you ever been to the Cheesecake Factory? What is your favorite thing to order? Do you have a family pesto recipe?


Thicke and girlfriend April Love Geary lost their home last month as a result of the devastating California wildfires.
The late actor's family will split nearly $16 million.
Tanya Callau recalled her final day with Thicke.
Life's a beach for the expectant parents.
Callau froze her eggs in hopes of having a baby with Thicke this year.
"Tanya Thicke has never threatened to take private family matters public and she never has," attorney Adam Streisand told Page Six.


EL8209 Endurance Plus Black is a press-ready non-phthalate black plastisol ink with great bleed resistance and a wide cure temperature range for printing on 100% Polyester Performance fabrics. For fabrics with severe migration, use EL0755 Endurance Plus Barrier Grey as an underlay. The combination of the two give the best migration resistance. Endurance Plus Black and Endurance Plus Barrier Grey have a cure temperature range from 280°F (138°C) to 300° F (149°C) while still blocking dye migration on most 100% Polyester fabrics. EL0209 Endurance Plus Mixing Base can be used with Rutland's C3 Color Boosters to create desired low temperature colors. Formulations are available in the RGCC Color Mixing Software. Mixed colors would be printed over the Barrier Grey/White layer for the most brilliant prints.
Superior bleed resistance for printing on 100% polyester performance fabrics.
Print EL9755 Endurance Plus Black over EL0755 Endurance Plus Barrier Grey or directly onto 100% Polyester substrates where applicable. Endurance Plus inks print well through mesh ranges from 86-156 mc in. (34-62 mc CM.) Recommend 70-80 Durometer squeegee with sharp edge for maximum print definition. NOTE: Poorly dyed polyester or too much heat in the curing process can overcome any low bleed inks ability to block dye migration. For severe migration use EL0755 Endurance Plus Barrier Grey as an underlay. Printers should always test the ink on their fabric under their process conditions before printing production runs.


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'No slam-dunk solution': What can Joe Biden do to tame soaring inflation?
Michael Collins
BALTIMORE – President Joe Biden was just three minutes into his half-hour address at the Port of Baltimore earlier this week when he acknowledged the toll that soaring inflation is inflicting on many Americans.
Calling rising prices "one of the most pressing economic concerns of the American people," Biden said the pain that many Americans are feeling is real.
"Everything from a gallon of gas to a loaf of bread costs more, and it's worrisome," he said as an orange sun set over the harbor. "Even though wages are going up, we still face challenges, and we have to tackle them. We have to tackle them head on."
In reality, economists warn, there's not much Biden can do to tame inflation.
"There's no slam-dunk solution," said Mark Zandi, the chief economist at Moody's Analytics.
Inflation hits highest mark in 31 years
Just hours before Biden spoke in Baltimore, the federal government reported that inflation has surged over the past 12 months as the U.S. economy recovers from the coronavirus pandemic. The consumer price index increased by 0.9% in October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics said, leaving prices 6.2% higher than a year earlier. It's the largest 12-month increase since 1990.
Economists attribute the rise in consumer prices over the past year to several factors, including supply chain breakdowns, labor shortages and a sudden burst of spending after widespread lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Because the spike in inflation can be traced to the economic impact of COVID-19, the most important thing the Biden administration could do to tame inflation would be to get the pandemic under control, Zandi said.
"Until the pandemic recedes, inflation is going to be a problem," he said.
Biden and his advisers understand that, Zandi said, and have taken steps such as making vaccines available to children as young as age 5 and requiring employees at large companies to be vaccinated or undergo weekly COVID testing. A federal appeals court has put the vaccine and testing requirement for employers temporarily on hold after attorneys general in at least 26 states challenged the rules.
Would lifting tariffs on Chinese goods ease inflation?
Biden's other options for controlling inflation are limited. But economists say one thing that would help would be to remove tariffs that his predecessor placed on foreign goods.
Then-President Donald Trump slapped tariffs on $350 billion of Chinese-made products and imposed additional duties on aluminum and steel from the European Union. Tariffs raise the price of imported products, and businesses pass that cost along to consumers.
Two weeks ago, during the G20 Summit of world leaders in Rome, the U.S. and the E.U. announced they had reached a deal to roll back the tariffs on aluminum and steel, a move that could lower the price of products such as cars and washing machines.
Biden, however, has resisted pressure from the Chinese and U.S. trade groups to remove the duties on Chinese-made goods. Economists say lifting those tariffs could help drive down prices and provide some relief from inflation.
"It's not going to make the problems go away," said Dean Baker, senior economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research, a Washington-based think tank. "But it's a way to put some downward pressure on prices."
Lifting the tariffs "would not reduce inflation by enough that it would no longer be a real challenge for American households," said Michael Strain, an economist at the American Enterprise Institute, a think tank in Washington.
"But it would be a marginal improvement," Strain said. "And I think we should be looking for marginal improvements."
More:What is inflation and how does it affect you? Increase in prices for gas, food, energy raise concern
Biden looks to shipping companies to ease supply chain backlog
With breakdowns in the supply chain contributing to inflation, Biden has turned to major companies for help in getting goods moving.
He spoke Tuesday, for example, with the chief executive officers of four major retailers and freight companies – Walmart, Target, FedEx and UPS – to discuss ways the administration and the private sector could work together to strengthen supply chains.
"These are things he doesn't have much direct control over," Baker said. "He can do some cajoling. He could do some efforts at coordination, which has been trying, to try to figure out what the backlogs at the ports are to try to move things through quickly.
"It's not as though he's going to come up with something no one else has thought of. But he could perhaps do a little more by way of coordination."
More:Supply chain issues: What are they and how will shortages impact the holiday shopping season?
Soaring energy prices bring calls for release of strategic reserve
Rising energy prices are one of the factors helping fuel inflation. The energy index – the government's gauge for the prices Americans pay for gasoline, heating and other energy – has soared 30% over the past year.
Biden has called on oil-producing nations such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates to ramp up production to provide some relief to American consumers from high gas prices. But those countries have rebuffed requests to pump more crude, leaving Biden with few options to lower gas prices.
One possibility Biden is considering is tapping into the nation's Strategic Petroleum Reserve, an emergency stockpile established primarily to reduce the impact of disruptions in supplies. Eleven Democratic senators urged Biden in a letter earlier this week to tap into the reserves, arguing that rising gas prices have placed an undue burden on families and small businesses.
But analysts say digging into the emergency stockpile would be a largely symbolic move that would have limited impact on gas prices.
"I don't think there's enough oil (in the reserves) to make a difference in global markets," Zandi said. "Maybe it reduces prices briefly because refiners will be awash with oil. But I just don't view that as a viable policy to reduce inflation in a substantive way."
More:Economy adds 531,000 jobs in October as COVID-19 cases drop, unemployment falls to 4.6%
Will Jerome Powell remain Fed chair? Interest rates could be pivotal
Raising interest rates to slow the economy is one tool often used to fight inflation. The decision to raise interest rates, however, lies with the Federal Reserve. The president does nominate members of the Fed's governing board, a move that gives him some influence over the nation's chief bank.
Biden will able to fill three, possibly four, seats on the seven-member board in the coming months. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell's term ends in February, and an announcement is expected sometime this month on whether he will offer Powell a second four-year term.
One seat on the board is already vacant, another will come open at the end of the year and a third will open up in January. But analysts don't foresee Biden filling the vacancies with hawkish nominees who would be inclined to raise interest rates.
"I would be amazed if he did that," Baker said. "The whole logic is you're going to raise interest rates, raise the unemployment rate, and then put downward pressure on wages. You'll force workers to take pay cuts. I can't imagine he's going to be anxious to do that. It's 180 degrees at odds with what the direction of his policy has been."
Michael Collins covers the White House. Follow him on Twitter @mcollinsNEWS.
Contributing: Joey Garrison, Nathan Bomey and The Associated Press
More:Wages are rising, but so are consumer prices. Is this a wage-price spiral?
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The Priory Leadership Program is a comprehensive, hands-on leadership experience. The intent is to give students the opportunity to learn and practice leadership through peer accountability and increased responsibility in all components of the student experience.
What are the purposes of the Priory Leadership Program?
How does the Priory Leadership Program work?
How is the Priory Leadership Program different from the traditional ASB model of student leadership?
By giving students significant responsibility in the operation of the school and direct accountability for their peers, students will gain the real experience that is required to successfully develop as the kind of leaders prepared to make a difference in their schools, business, families, communities, and beyond.
Each Priory is led by a senior Prior and five senior or junior Assistant Priors. The Prior and his Assistant Priors are expected not only to lead their Priory through a variety of activities and competitions with the other Priories, but also to uphold and enforce standards regarding moral discipline, academic performance, and leadership. Each Priory is further divided into five Homerooms of approximately 15 students each, sophomores through seniors. Each Homeroom is led by one of the Priory's five Assistant Priors. Under the direction of the Prior, the Assistant Priors not only plan but implement their Priory's goals and objectives within their Homerooms. While the work of the Priors and Assistant Priors is continuous, the primary means of implementation of Priory activities is through the Priory Period which occurs twice a week. While faculty Proctors are present within each Homeroom for the purpose of guidance and supervision, the plan and its implementation for each period is left entirely in the hands of the Prior and his Assistant Priors.
The management of the entire Priory System is overseen by the Prior General and the other members of the Generalate – the Vicar General, Secretary General, and Treasurer General. To this end, the Generalate, in consultation with the Principal and Priory Director, determines the directives for the Priories and Priory Committees each year. Furthermore, the Generalate are seen by the Administration as the primary representatives of the student body and, as such, is often consulted on a variety of school matters large and small.
The traditional ASB model is typically activity-based, wherein student leaders execute tasks related to the implementation of campus programs that are in large part pre-packaged (insofar as most are annual events – school dances, pep rallies, fundraisers, etc.). Beyond a set list of activities, student leaders have limited responsibility for campus life and, similarly, have very little accountability for the behavior of their peers. The Priory Leadership Program gives student leaders much greater responsibility for the operation of the school and makes all students accountable to each other for their performance in all areas of campus life.


Down and Out in Paris and London is one of the great accounts of life in the underclass- of being hard-up and hungry, of sleeping in seedy hostels and working in squalid restaurants. George Orwell's first book published - when he was not yet thirty - is alive with the sights and smells of poverty. It is a revelatory memoir of surviving at the margins.


24 hours after Peyton had his first loss of the season, which quite arguable might've been even harder to stomach considering who it was against, there had to be some excitement when younger brother Eli led his Giants to their first win of the season. However, despite the 23-7 win, Giants fans shouldn't get too excited or buy their playoff tickets just yet. This was a sloppy game and each team showed they have glaring weaknesses throughout.
While the fact that this was the Giants first win of the season, that storyline overshadowed the fact that this was also the first start for Josh Freeman as a Minnesota Viking. Freeman, who has been on the Vikings roster for just over two weeks, was given the starting nod over a still injured Christian Ponder and second string option Matt Cassel . Unfortunately for Vikings fan, the change of scenery for Freeman didn't result in him getting his first win of the season. After the game, media outlets criticized the Vikings plan to have Freeman throw 53 passes during this game, of which he only completed 20. What makes this even worse is the fact that reigning MVP Adrian Peterson only had 13 carries on the evening. There is no reason that a new quarterback, who may not even have the entire playbook under his belt, should be getting that many passing options without AP getting the ball more. Especially in a game when the Vikings should've, and could've, beaten a previously winless Giants squad.
The Giants may be happy to finally get the monkey off their back, but this win wasn't because things came together in a beautiful way. Eli Manning only had 200 yards and a single touchdown. And the leading rusher for the Giants (who happened to have the most yards for either team) was Peyton Hillis with 36 yards. In the air, Victor Cruz led the team with just 50 yards receiving. The Giants won't complain about how they got the win, as long as the win was theirs. Now they'll welcome Philly to town, and another potential win could surprisingly put New York back into the picture in the NFC East. There were a lot of jokes swirling around that now the Giants have gotten their first win, they'll go on a massive streak that gets them to the playoffs. However these jokes may not be as illogical as they are humorous. Being in the NFC East, the Giants are certainly not out of it.
As for the Vikings, things don't look good. This was supposed to be a win they could get in prime time. This was supposed to be a game that Adrian Peterson and Josh Freeman showed that the Vikings were a decent squad. This was supposed to be an easy win for the Vikings. Instead, another loss puts them further into oblivion of the NFC North. If he wasn't already before, Leslie Fraizer is officially on the hot seat in Minnesota and the acquisition of Josh Freeman doesn't look to be the answer to their losing woes. And with two straight games of subpar performances, we can assume that Adrian Peterson isn't very happy with things either.
As mentioned, the Giants will play Philly next week. The Vikings, on the other hand, will get another prime time performance. This time will be Sunday night against divisional Green Bay, who looks as hot as any team in the league right now.


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More in Latest:
NEW FACILITY NAME AT FINNEY COUNTY MUSEUM HONORS RETIRED LEADER 12/24/2019
Dr. Julie King, D.O., New Director of Medical Affairs at Centura Health – St. Catherine Hospital 12/20/2019
Santa's Flight School Now Open 12/05/2019
Centura Health – Bob Wilson Memorial Hospital in Ulysses and Centura Health – St. Catherine Hospital in Garden City recently began offering needle-free blood draws for inpatients using the PIVO™ device from Velano Vascular. Centura Health has become the first health system in Kansas and Colorado to offer the technology.
"This new technology is changing the face of how patients experience hospital care," said Dawn Bloemen, Centura Health's Emerging Technology Analyst.
Blood draws are such a common component of a hospital stay, the associated trauma to patients has largely been overlooked – and while the results inform 70% of all clinical decisions, there has been little innovation in this procedure or related technologies in decades.
"PIVO means we can get the blood we need from an already placed IV line, painlessly, avoiding some eight hundred and fifty thousand unnecessary needle sticks a year! It's a game changer, and Centura is very proud to be leading the way towards a more comfortable hospital stay for our patients," Bloeman said.
Since the first implementation of PIVO at Littleton Adventist Hospital in October 2018 and then through expanding the use of this device across the region, Centura Health has successfully removed 382,433 needles from the workplace – not only making an impact to the patients, but also providing a safer environment to our staff.
PIVO works through a special connection at a patient peripheral IV line, enabling Centura Health caregivers to extract high quality blood samples directly from the vein, pain-free, without an additional needle stick.
"We are committed to innovation on behalf of the half a million patients and the tens of thousands of providers that tend to their health and wellbeing within our hospitals every year," said Shauna Gulley, SVP and Chief Clinical Officer of Centura Health. "We are proud to be the first health system in the region and one of the first in the country to challenge the need for needles in blood collection, upending a status quo that creates unnecessary pain, anxiety and risk."
Chelsea Gray, RN at Bob Wilson in Ulysses, estimates she has done 10 to 15 blood draws using PIVO since the hospital rolled out the new technology on October 8. The process is much more convenient for patients, as well as less painful, she said.
"They're not getting poked repeatedly," Gray said. "The patients love it. They love that they don't have to get stuck several times throughout the day, especially if we're doing serial lab draws – like serial troponins or something like that – where we're constantly having to go in there every few hours. It's a huge benefit for them."
Gray foresees PIVO being particularly helpful when drawing blood from young patients.
"I haven't gotten to use it on a pediatric patient yet, but I think that's going to be even more beneficial because it is very traumatic for a child to be poked over and over," Gray said.
Count recent St. Catherine patient Jim Mills, of Garden City, as a believer in the benefits of needle-free blood draws. He said he had to have blood drawn multiple times during his stay at the hospital, and that the PIVO process was "very fast and efficient."
"I don't know how you could not like it. It sure lessened the infringement of having to take more shots to draw blood," Mills said. "And it worked perfectly. I don't know who thought of it, but it was a great idea."
The change to needle-free blood draws is an example of how St. Catherine has used technology to improve patient care, Mills said.
"The technology and the hospital at St. Catherine have improved so much," Mills said. "They're really on the cutting edge now of providing services, I think."
Earlier this year, Velano Vascular was named one of Fast Company's 2019 Top Ten Most Innovative Companies in Biotech for pioneering better blood draws. The PIVO device now is being used in all Centura Health hospitals across Colorado and western Kansas.
ABOUT CENTURA HEALTH
Centura Health connects individuals, families and neighborhoods across Colorado and western Kansas with more than 6,000 physicians and 21,000 of the best hearts and minds in health care. Through our 17 hospitals, two senior living communities, neighborhood health centers, physician practices and clinics, home care and hospice services, and Flight For Life® Colorado, our caregivers make the region's best health care accessible. We're on a mission to build flourishing communities and whole person care. We're Centura Health, and we're your dedicated health partner for life. For information on Centura Health or any of the facilities in our network, please visit the Centura Health website.
St. Catherine Hospital


This looks like a great way to use the fresh produce that is in abundance!
Yum!! One of my all time favorite things!
I love bruschetta and love making this. YUM!
i love the addition of jalapeno in this! that heat is so unexpected but so delicious i bet!


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Q: What is the cause for Conditional Formatting to get jumbled up? For a while now I've been having a strange oddity when using Conditional Formatting. I created an Excel sheet for a separate department in my company to use which has the use of conditional formatting as follows:

All neat and tidy. However, after a while when I check back the sheet at a later date, I find my formatting to be all over the place.

I asked them how they entered the data and they said they keyed it in normally. I even tried to copy/paste, drag and drop the data and I still can't replicate the cause of it. Granted the function is still there but if I want to edit the conditions it's going to be a major headache with it all over the place.
For this issue what seems to be the most likely cause and how can I prevent it?

A: Causes have been mentioned (moves, deletions and insertions) and a solution is quite simple: use whole column ranges. (Deleting rows, adding rows or moving rows all fit within "whole column").
Now that might give you an issue in your first 8 rows if there are values in those rows that might trigger your CF rules. (This is not often the case as many CF rules are to do with numbers and often label rows, admittedly rarely as many as eight, are usually text.)
So wrap your formula rules in:
 =AND(......,ROW()>8)

Tampering with the first eight rows could still be an issue but seems less likely and could perhaps be prevented with protection.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Charity donations: how to spot the most effective good causes
Caroline Fiennes
| 21st March 2012
Caroline Fiennes offers top tips for charitable giving in her new book It Ain't What Your Give, It's the Way That You Give It
Caroline Fiennes offers tips for charitable giving in her new book It Ain't What Your Give, It's the Way That You Give It
Many of us support charities which work on some of the biggest environmental issues of our time. But which are the good ones, and how can we really help? Caroline Fiennes, author of 'It ain't what you give, it's the way that you give it', finds out
In Kenya, where diarrhoea is a major killer of children, several methods have been tried to clean water supplies. Delivering chlorine for free to households is pretty sensible: $1,000 spent that way can prevent 323 incidences of diarrhoea. Great. But $1,000 spent on giving people chlorine when they collect their water from community water sources - which also seems sensible - can achieve more than twice that much, preventing 689 incidences.
So charities are not all equally good. That sounds almost heretical because we often think they're all laudible and deserving. But let's think carefully: medical care is a good thing and yet we know that some types of medical care are better than others: some help greatly, some a bit, some make no difference, and some are actively harmful. Same with teaching: great teachers engage and inspire, some teach a little, some have zero impact and some deter pupils forever. So perhaps we shouldn't be surprised that it's true for charities too.
It's also true of ways that donors give. There are ways to give £100 such that it helps a bit, ways to make it worth at least £150 or possibly £200 to the charity, ways to make it worth nothing at all, and, at worst, ways that donors can get in the way such that charities would rather not have them and their £100 at all.
There are three golden rules. (1) Find a great charity. (2) Help it. (3) Don't hinder it.
Find a great charity
You're looking for charities which don't just do some good but which are the best at their type of work. Great charities are ambitious, so a good indicator is whether it measures its effectiveness, publishes full details of its research process and talks about the results. That should all be clear from its public materials, even if it's small.
A charity's impact (its effectiveness) relies on two factors. First, it needs a good idea. In the example above, distributing chlorine at water sources is a better idea than taking it to homes.
And second, it needs to implement that idea well. That relies on the skill and training of the staff, which varies between charities just as it does between organisations in most walks of life.
For the impact to be good, both the idea and implementation must be good. To put this another way, an organisation could have a great strategy but implement it so dismally that it creates only low impact. If you're into formulae, think of it like this:
impact = idea x implementation
The quickest way for busy people to find good charities is to look at the lists of charities which have already 'passed' scrutiny by somebody reputable with more time. Good grant-making foundations such as BBC Children in Need or Comic Relief publish their lists, as does GiveWell, an independent analyst.
Amongst people doing the analysis themselves, the most common error is to consider the amount spent on administration (that is, if you give £100, how many of those pounds get spent on the charity itself). This indicates nothing about whether a charity is any good.
Suppose that two charities distribute equally good solar panels in Southern Africa, and suppose that one costs £1 per installation whereas the other costs £10. For 1,000 installations, their equipment costs will be either £1,000 or £10,000. Both programmes will incur costs in finding and dealing with 1,000 buildings and the communities (e.g., hiring and accommodating workers and financial management). These 'admin costs' might be £1,000. The cheap programme costs £1,000 for the kit plus £1,000 for 'admin', i.e., £2,000 all in, of which admin was 50 per cent (£1,000 ÷ £2,000). The expensive programme costs £10,000 for the kit plus £1,000 for 'admin', i.e., £11,000 all in, of which 'admin' was just 9 per cent (=£1,000 ÷ £11,000).
Judging by the 'admin' percentages, the cheap programme looks bad - but that's precisely because it's cost-effective! There are myriad other reasons that admin is a bad metric but this illustration cuts to the heart: it leads us to the wrong choice because it doesn't ask 'percentage of what?'
Help it
And now, we shall rustle up money from thin air! You probably know one way of doing this, which involves getting HM Treasury to chip in. If you pay tax at 20 per cent, then Gift Aid will increase your gift by a quarter, whereas if you pay tax at 40 per cent, Gift Aid increases it by two-thirds.
A less well-known trick is to give without strings: don't stipulate that your donation can only support a day-centre in Hull, or tree-planting near Shanghai or whatever. This 'restricted' money is tough for charities to manage (at best, it's hard to keep track of umpteen pots of money, and at worst, donors all want to fund the trees in Shanghai but nobody wants to fund the equally-important ones in Shenzen). Charities say that 'unrestricted' money is half as valuable again as restricted money: putting that another way, making your £100 unrestricted is like adding an extra £50 from nowhere.
The way to create no value at all is to give to many charities. If you chop up your £50 into 50 donations of £1 each, the whole lot may get consumed in bank fees.
Don't hinder it
To be honest, if you just give money, offer other things such as your time or useful items and then leave the charity to get on with its work, you won't hinder it.
The problems tend to come from large donors which have application and report processes. A salutory concept is the 'net donation' - the amount of a donation which is left after the faffing about which donors require. 'Net donations' are often surprisingly low. One physicist at Columbia University has calculated that some of his grants are net negative - that is, he pays to have them.
The key rule is: don't act like medieval royalty! Don't make charities waste a load of their donated resources on dealing with you.
We entrust to charities some of the most important work in our world. The impact of supporting the good ones well, rather than the poor ones badly, are vast and real differences in how - even whether - we all live.
Caroline Fiennes (pictured above) is the author of It Ain't What You Give, It's the Way That You Give It: Making Charitable Donations That Get Results. Ecologist readers are offered it for £12.99 rather than retail price of £16.01 by clicking here.
HOW TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE
Campaign Hero: Caroline Fiennes of Global Cool
Global Cool is the green lifestyle organisation that uses celebrities and mainstream culture to market low-carbon living. Its director Caroline Fiennes talks to the Ecologist
Saving the World's Wildlife: WWF's First Fifty Years
Written to coincide with the WWF's half century, Saving the World's Wildlife is a fascinating account of the 50-year history of the world's most famous eco charity
Conservation International caught in greenwashing scandal
Exclusive film shows employee of US environmental charity Conservational International discussing how they could help an arms company with its green PR
Not charity but work: Vivienne Westwood's 'Ethical Fashion Africa' collection goes on sale
In an effort to address the joint problems of poverty and environmental degradation, Vivienne Westwood has joined up with the International Trade Centre for the launch of her second ethical range
TAKE ACTION: Tools for Self Reliance providing practical help for practical people
Charity group Tools for Self Reliance empower the disadvantaged - providing tools and skills so that others can go on to create small businesses in hands-on occupations such as carpentry and tailoring
| 25th November 2011
Saving and rebuilding community shops
Eifion Rees
| 1st June 2010
Mourning the loss of your beloved local shop? With a little help from the Community Shops Network, you can set up and run your own shop and post office...
Can direct democracy win a seat in Kilburn?
Environmental activist Tamsin Omond is running for a Westminster seat on a platform of more collaborative democracy, and resurrecting the idea of the Commons as a shared public good
Campaigning: The Basics
Politics And Economics
Global Cool


21L.487 will not be offered this semester. It will be available in the Spring semester, and will be instructed by .
You can find more information at the MIT + 21L.487 - Google Search site.
MIT, 21L.001 - Foundations of Western Literature: Homer to Dante. Class, 21L. 003 ... MIT, 21L.320 - Big Books: Paradise Lost .... Class, 21L. 487 - Modern Poetry.


CircleCI provides Project and Org settings with encrypted storage in the CircleCI app.
For your Org Plan or Billing settings, see the Settings tab of the CircleCI app for summary data about your usage.
Plans and Billing – For your Org Plan or Billing settings, see the Settings tab of the CircleCI app for summary data about your usage.
Contexts – Share environment variables across projects with a Workflow key, on the contexts page.


Jupiter Consultants is located at S.C.O 64–65, 17–A, Sector 17, Chandigarh. User can find the complete detail on profile of Jupiter Consultants, along with option to book class online. Jupiter Consultants is engaged in the imparting education to students of all age group. Students and parent will also get the option to check subject wise fee they charge and compare the same with the other tuition / coachings nearby location.
Studying abroad offers students a wonderful opportunity to immerse themselves in another culture, and engage with people and history in a way that broadens the scope of traditional classroom education. Experiencing life in another culture enables students to see beyond themselves, and understand diverse international perspectives. It is an exercise in adaptation, and strengthens one's ability to communicate comfortably across different customs, traditions and languages.


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Q: Really small tracker using wifi only? does anyone know if it is possible to buy or build a really small tracker that uses wifi only.
I'm hoping to begin a masters studying bats, possibly in China, I expect in China the areas that the bats fly around will be at least partly covered by the wifi network. GPS is still mostly too large for 50g bats, radio tracking would work but then I need to chase them and find out where they are and would have a lot less data points. It would be nice to just be able to recatch them and download approximate data of where they went from a microSD.  I expect someone might sell this type of thing  somewhere (probably in China :) ) but if not I have built things before so I would be interested in basic suggestions for how to go about that too, just not sure if I could make it small enough if I was doing it myself.

A: I don't know if it fits your data throughput needs, but you might want to look at lower power protocols such as Bluetooth Low energy (BLE), Zigbee, or Xbee. They tend to be lower power consumption, and lower throughput than wifi, but also various range options (some longer than typical wifi). In general the lower the data throughput, and lower the range, the lower the power requirements. If you know within 1-100 meters of where your bat is going to end up in general, I'm imagining a known cave, you might be able to lower the range and power requirement quite a bit and download data from where they rest.
If you drop the RF requirement altogether, and just data collect in very small amounts, something like an MSP430 with FRAM could take very little power.

A: I worked on something similar to what you describe, for animal tracking. From your description it seems like you can re-capture the animals which is key. The high power usage of Wi-Fi is mostly from transmitting, which is not needed to get location. Using an esp8266 and a microSD I was able to get location with less power on average than a typical GPS.
The main limitation is that you need to know if there is data on the wifi hotspots in the area. There needs to be enough to triangulate a position, the more the better. The hotspots also need to be in some kind of database. I used the google API for location, which did the hard work for me. The google API is nice because it also gives you the error based on how many hotspots were used to triangulate.

A: Due to Friis Loss increasing with distance squared and increasing frequency, lower RF frequencies are preferred not WiFi which like Bluetooth is only good for 100ft but weight is too high and signal loss too great.
Therefore get high gain receiver antenna and very low noise threshold high performance receiver in the 50~150MHz range
https://atstrack.com/tracking-products/transmitters/product-transmitters.aspx?serie=A2405

have fun


From the Annals of the People (or at least some of the People) – In 1876, citizens of Texas (and by that Red means white men and some Hispanics) adopted the Constitution of 1876. The vote was 136,606 in favor with 56,652 against. The 1876 Constitution was the sixth such document governing Texas since the declaration of independence from Mexico in 1836. The 1876 Constitution was primarily a reaction in connection with the reassertion of the Democratic Party (again white men) in the wake of Reconstruction. It also incorporates some aspects of law from Spanish and Mexican rule, as well as protection for agriculture and debtors. While calling for equal rights and due process on its face, those guarantees meant little to women and minorities at the time of adoption and for decades afterwards. The 1876 Constitution has been repeatedly amended, but it remains the governing document of Texas to this day.
This entry was posted in Today in Texas History and tagged 1876, Constitution of 1876, Reconstruction, Texas Constitution, Texas Democratic Party, Texas History on February 15, 2017 by Red from Texas.