text:
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CodeFixes;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.UpgradeProject;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Diagnostics;
using Roslyn.Test.Utilities;
using Xunit;

namespace Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.CSharp.UnitTests.Diagnostics.Async
{
    public partial class UpgradeProjectTests : AbstractCSharpDiagnosticProviderBasedUserDiagnosticTest
    {
        internal override (DiagnosticAnalyzer, CodeFixProvider) CreateDiagnosticProviderAndFixer(Workspace workspace)
            => (null, new CSharpUpgradeProjectCodeFixProvider());

        private async Task TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
            string initialMarkup,
            LanguageVersion expected,
            ParseOptions parseOptions,
            int index = 0)
        {
            var parameters = new TestParameters(parseOptions: parseOptions);
            using (var workspace = CreateWorkspaceFromOptions(initialMarkup, parameters))
            {
                var actions = await GetCodeActionsAsync(workspace, parameters);
                var operations = await VerifyInputsAndGetOperationsAsync(index, actions, priority: null);

                var appliedChanges = ApplyOperationsAndGetSolution(workspace, operations);
                var oldSolution = appliedChanges.Item1;
                var newSolution = appliedChanges.Item2;
                Assert.True(newSolution.Projects.Where(p => p.Language == LanguageNames.CSharp)
                    .All(p => ((CSharpParseOptions)p.ParseOptions).SpecifiedLanguageVersion == expected));
            }

            await TestAsync(initialMarkup, initialMarkup, parseOptions); // no change to markup
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeProjectFromCSharp6ToDefault()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"
class Program
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}",
                LanguageVersion.Default,
                new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.CSharp6));
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeProjectFromCSharp6ToCSharp7()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"
class Program
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}",
                LanguageVersion.CSharp7,
                new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.CSharp6),
                index: 1);
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeProjectFromCSharp7ToLatest()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"
class Program
{
#error version:[|7.1|]
}",
                LanguageVersion.Latest,
                new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.CSharp7));
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeProjectFromCSharp7_1ToLatest()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"
class Program
{
#error version:[|7.1|]
}",
                LanguageVersion.Latest,
                new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.CSharp7_1));
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeProjectFromCSharp7ToCSharp7_1()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"
class Program
{
#error [|version:7.1|]
}",
                LanguageVersion.CSharp7_1,
                new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.CSharp7),
                index: 1);
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeAllProjectsToDefault()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""Default"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""7"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""Visual Basic"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                LanguageVersion.Default,
                parseOptions: null,
                index: 2);

        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task UpgradeAllProjectsToCSharp7()
        {
            await TestLanguageVersionUpgradedAsync(
@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""Default"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""7"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""Visual Basic"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                LanguageVersion.Default,
                parseOptions: null,
                index: 2);
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task ListAllSuggestions()
        {
            await TestExactActionSetOfferedAsync(

@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""7"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""Default"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                new[] {
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "default"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "7"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_all_csharp_projects_to_language_version_0, "default"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_all_csharp_projects_to_language_version_0, "7")
    });
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task FixAllProjectsNotOffered()
        {
            await TestExactActionSetOfferedAsync(

@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""Visual Basic"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                new[] {
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "default"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "7")
                    });
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task OnlyOfferFixAllProjectsToCSharp7WhenApplicable()
        {
            await TestExactActionSetOfferedAsync(

@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""7"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""Visual Basic"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                new[] {
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "default"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "7"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_all_csharp_projects_to_language_version_0, "default")
                    });
        }

        [Fact, Trait(Traits.Feature, Traits.Features.CodeActionsUpgradeProject)]
        public async Task OnlyOfferFixAllProjectsToDefaultWhenApplicable()
        {
            await TestExactActionSetOfferedAsync(

@"<Workspace>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""6"">
        <Document>
class C
{
    void A()
    {
        var x = [|(1, 2)|];
    }
}
        </Document>
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""C#"" LanguageVersion=""Default"">
    </Project>
    <Project Language=""Visual Basic"">
    </Project>
</Workspace>",
                new[] {
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "default"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_this_project_to_csharp_language_version_0, "7"),
                    string.Format(CSharpFeaturesResources.Upgrade_all_csharp_projects_to_language_version_0, "7")
                    });
        }
    }
}


text:
name: Bug report
about: Create a report to help us improve

---

### Brief bug description

What went wrong?

### Repro steps

1. Go to '...'
2. Click on '....'
3. Scroll down to '....'
4. See error

### Expected behavior

What is the correct behavior?

### Test environment

 - Platform/OS: [e.g. .NET Core 2.1, iOS]
 - Browser [e.g. chrome, safari]
 - Version [e.g. 22]

### Additional context

Add any other context about the problem here.

### Screenshots

Add links to screenshots, if possible.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Rare original and fully illustrated Morris & Company Decorators Ltd catalogue of their Upholstered Furniture. Approx 16 pages.
We also have an equally rare original copy of their catalogue of their Furniture & Interior Decoration.


I am working with a software house based in Stockport who are looking for an experinced React Native Developer to join them for an initial 3-6 month contract, day rate circa £450/day.
You would be part of a small team working to accelerate their mobile app development for a number of household name clients.
This is an ugrent requirement so if you're interested in this opportunity and would like to know more please apply now through this advert NOW or contact me directly on 0161 237 0012.


text:
Homelessness: What can Australia learn from Finland's housing solution?
ABC Radio Melbourne
By Simon Leo Brown
Updated September 14, 2017 10:13:13
Photo: Australia needs to change the way it approaches homelessness, an expert says. (ABC News: Margaret Burin)
Related Story: Tent City stand-off over as homeless community packs up
Related Story: The true cost of homelessness revealed
Related Story: Meet the woman buying houses for the homeless
Map: Melbourne 3000
Creating more crisis accommodation will not fix Australia's homelessness problem, according to one expert who believes the solution is "not that complex".
Homelessness in Melbourne and Sydney has come to the fore as an issue in recent years, with a visible increase in people sleeping rough in the cities.
Eoin O'Sullivan, editor of the European Journal of Homelessness, is in Melbourne to present the keynote address at the Victorian Homelessness Conference on Wednesday.
Dr O'Sullivan, who is also a professor of social policy at Trinity College Dublin, said while homelessness was a growing problem in many Western nations, there were countries that had successfully dealt with the issue.
Finland builds homes for homeless
He said Finland had investigated the issue of homelessness and decided "it's not that complex".
"They said 'the first thing we need to deal with people's issues is housing', so they built a lot of housing for homeless people," he told ABC Radio Melbourne's Dave O'Neil.
"From 2008 to 2015 they built 6,000 units specifically for homeless people."
Video: What's life really like on the streets when you're homeless? (7.30)
These permanent, supported homes have reduced Finland's need for crisis accommodation, he said.
"In Dublin, where I'm from, back in 2008 we had about 600 emergency shelter beds in Dublin, they had the same in Helsinki in Finland.
"Today we have about 2,200 emergency beds; in Finland they have 54."
Permanent housing cheaper for government
Dr O'Sullivan said there was a general perception that the best way to help a homeless person was to make them "ready for housing" by putting them in emergency or transitional accommodation while dealing with any personal issues they might have.
He said the housing-first movement, which began in the United States, posits that a person's personal issues were best dealt with once they were in stable accommodation.
"Then if there are mental health issues, addiction issues ... it's easier to work with those issues when they're in housing and secure, and guess what — that seemed to work."
He said there was evidence that this model was both better for the individual and cheaper for government, as keeping homeless people in emergency accommodation "tends to be extraordinarily expensive".
"You're maintaining people in a pretty appalling condition at great cost to the state."
Meet Melbourne's rough sleepers
Some of the hundreds of people sleeping rough on Melbourne's streets talk about how they ended up there.
He said the skills required for someone to live in their own home were very different from those required to live in crisis accommodation.
"Very often when we measure things like mental health among the homeless population, you know, it's difficult measuring insanity in insane places," he said.
"If you're living in a big congregate shelter with 40 or 50 other strangers, and the only thing that you have in common with one another is you're all homeless, then your behaviour and your patterns of action are going to be very different than if you're living in your own apartment."
Busting myths of homelessness
A lot of what was said about homelessness was simply not true, Dr O'Sullivan added.
"There's a mantra out there that we're all two paychecks away from homelessness — nonsense."
When you look at the profile of homeless people, he said, factors such as childhood poverty and other adverse experiences early in life "almost predetermine" the people who were highly at risk of homelessness.
"I may drink a lot but the likelihood of me ever becoming homeless is so slight, because I have social networks, I have a whole range of things that will protect me from homelessness."
Topics: homelessness, housing, people, mental-health, melbourne-3000
First posted September 12, 2017 07:00:00
Contact Simon Leo Brown
More stories from Victoria
Home ownership tumbles to a new low
By business reporter Stephen Letts
A new ABS study has found that while housing affordability has not changed much in 20 years, rates of home ownership have fallen to the lowest level since its survey started.
The rise of Phoebe Waller-Bridge
By Michael Collett
Game of Thrones might be dominating the headlines, but one of the biggest stories of the 2019 Emmys is the dominance of the woman behind Fleabag and Killing Eve.
The story of Project A119
By Antony Funnell for Future Tense
When the Soviets launched Sputnik, egos were shattered. So the US intelligence community secretly worked on a plan to nuke the Moon.
Healing through 'sonic care'
Musicians playing quietly in corners of the Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital are helping keep patients and families relaxed through often stressful times.
George Calombaris's hospitality empire underpaid workers $7.8 million
'On our third balcony collapse': Could dangerous cladding be the tip of the iceberg?
Australia's Caleb Ewan wins 11th stage of the 2019 Tour de France
Markets fall on worries US-China trade war can heat up 'at any time'
Musicians in hospital stairwells help patients heal through 'sonic care'
Live: NSW Now: Prisoner escapes from Illawarra, burning cars spark 150 person evacuation
Australian basketball's boom time puts financial heat on smaller NBL clubs
The four words that let men in the defence force get away with sexual assault
Police bomb squad called to Adelaide CBD after explosives allegedly found (photos)
Origin Energy accused of pressuring NSW Government to shut down popular sports camp
Clive Palmer made $1 million payment to mystery woman in Kyrgyzstan, court told
Baseballs embedded with screws used in deadly bomb, court hears
When transparency is your problem, a closed door teleconference is probably not the solution
Forget treasure-hunts and laser tag — this is how you build a team
Old school v new school: Inside the tensions between the AFP and Dutton's ministry
There are three AFL head coaching gigs up for grabs, but is it still the safest top job in world sport?
This deceptive practice costs us $3.6b each year — but there's a simple fix
Trump's racist tweets are a blatant campaign strategy
The GOAT debate is unfair, but is Federer the best of his generation?
AFP wanted fingerprints of journalists behind ABC special forces investigation
Tough tests await as Diamonds test combinations at World Cup

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
UH Business Manager (McElhinney) Records
The Business Manager Records of C. F. McElhinney are the records McElhinney generated during his tenure at the University of Houston (1945-1973). The collection has been arranged into six series: Board of Regents, Staff Conference Meetings, Legislative Activities, Building Files, President's Office, and the Houston College for Negroes. The materials in the collection date from 1945-1974, with the bulk of the materials dating from the 1960s and 1970s. Included in the collection are university-related correspondence, minutes, agendas, reports, financial reports, bids, and contracts. There are no photographs or personal papers in the collection.
Key correspondents in the collection include C. F. McElhinney, Philip Hoffman, Patrick J. Nicholson, E. E. Oberholtzer, W. W. Kemmerer, and Clanton W. Williams.
The materials follow the organization in which McElhinney left them, with some minor rearrangement within folders to follow chronological order. All folder titles use the headings provided by McElhinney.
Materials in the collection document the administrative activities of the University, including Camp Wheeler, construction on the Houston College for Negroes campus (now Texas Southern University), the legislative activities of the University during its campaign for state support in the 1960s, the development of KUHT Channel 8 and KUHF, the campus radio station.
Oversized materials, including maps of campus from the 1960s, blueprints and related architectural materials on the UH Central Power Plant, and a campus map of the utility distribution system have been removed from the collection for preservation purposes. Please ask an Archives staff member for assistance regarding oversize materials.
McElhinney, Charles Flemming (Person)
18.00 Linear Feet
Charles Flemming McElhinney (commonly known as C. F. McElhinney or "Mr. Mac") was born on September 19, 1907, in Truro, Nova Scotia. He received a bachelor's degree from Acadia University in 1926 at the age of eighteen and taught in public schools in Canada before continuing his graduate studies. He received a master of arts degree from Columbia University in 1928.
Mr. McElhinney taught in the public school systems in Chester Basin and Halifax, Nova Scotia before moving to the United States. He was an assistant professor at the State Teachers College in Troy, Alabama from 1930-1931 and at the Mississippi State College for Women from 1931-1934. He moved to Houston in 1934, taking the position of assistant director of curriculum and research for the Houston Independent Schools District from 1934-1939. Mr. McElhinney then became the director of research from 1939-1945, when he became the business manager for the University of Houston, which until 1945 had been operated by the Houston Independent School District. During this time he also served as a staff assistant to Mr. E. E. Oberholtzer, the president of the University.
From 1945 until his retirement in 1973, Mr. McElhinney served as the business manager of the University. During this time, he was given the position of vice-president and business manager from 1950-1962, and was senior vice president for finance and treasurer from 1962-1973. He also served as interim president of the University from 1953-1954.
During Mr. McElhinney's years at the University, he also served as a faculty member in the department of education, and as a sponsor of several student activities and programs. Additionally he was the coach of the first athletic team fielded by the University (ice hockey) in 1934 while the University was still known as the Houston Junior College.
When Mr. McElhinney retired in 1973 (at the end of the fiscal year), the Board of Regents renamed the Graduate Studies building in honor of McElhinney's decades of service to the University.
Original by Andrea Bean Hough, June 1997.
Additional by Bobby Marlin, 2003.
University of Houston -- Administration
University of Houston. Business Manager (Organization)
Guide to the UH Business Manager (McElhinney) Records
Andrea Bean Hough, Bobby Marlin
UH Business Manager (McElhinney) Records. Special Collections, University of Houston Libraries. To cite a specific item from this collection, please consult the most recent edition of your style manual for the proper formatting. See the Citing Special Collections Materials page for more information. https://findingaids.lib.uh.edu/repositories/2/resources/126 Accessed January 20, 2021.


text:
Consider a rather trivial component which fetches data from some endpoints, to render some content.

Sure, there's Flux, Relay/GraphQL and what have you.

But perhaps this is for a prototype, and we want a "quick and dirty" opininated means of hydrating our state.

So we introduce a mixin for `hydrateFromPromises` which we can use as follows:

```javascript
var FrontPage = React.createClass({
   mixins: [ HydrateFromPromisesMixin ],
   getInitialState: function () {
      return {};
   },
   componentDidMount: function () {
      log.info('componentDidMount');
      this.hydrateFromPromises({
         frontpageArticles: function() {
            return getPromise('/feed/Frontpage');
         },
         popularArticles: function() {
            return getPromise('/feed/Popular');
         }
      });
   },
   render: function () {
      if (!this.state.frontpageArticles) {
         log.info('render initial');
         return false;
      } else {
         log.info('render hydrated', this.state.frontpageArticles.length,
            this.state.popularArticles.length);
      }
      return ( // JSX
         ...
      );
   }
});
```
where `frontpageArticles` and `popularArticles` are to be properties of `state.` For these we specify a function which returns an ES6 `Promise` for the data to be loaded.

In this example, we use an ordinary `getPromise` utility function to perform a cacheable `XMLHttpRequest` and return a `Promise` as follows:
```javascript
export function getPromise(url) {
   if (cache[url]) {
      var data = cache[url];
      if (data._time)  {
         if (new Date().getTime() - data._time < config.cacheExpirySeconds*1000) {
            return Promise.resolve(data);
         }
      } else {
         return Promise.resolve(data);
      }
   }
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
      req.onload = function () {
         if (req.status !== 200) {
            reject({message: 'status ' + req.status});
         } else {
            var data = JSON.parse(req.response);
            data._time = new Date().getTime();
            cache[url] = data;
            resolve(data);
         }
      };
      req.open('GET', url);
      req.send();
      log.debug('loadJSON', url);
   });
}
```

Finally, our mixin utility hydrates our component state as follows:
```javascript
var HydrateFromPromisesMixin = {
   hydrateFromPromises: function(promises) {
      log.debug('hydrate', Object.keys(promises));
      let that = this;
      let count = 0;
      function set(key, data) {
         that.state[key] = data;
         count += 1;
         if (count === Object.keys(promises).length) {
            log.debug('hydrate resolved');
            that.setState(that.state);
         }
      }
      Object.keys(promises).forEach(key => {
         log.info('hydrate promise', key);
         promises[key]().then(data => {
            log.debug('hydrate promise resolved', key);
            set(key, data);
         }, function(error) {
            log.debug('hydrate promise rejected', key, error);
            set(key, null);
         });
      });
   }
};

module.exports = HydrateFromPromisesMixin;
```
where we invoke our promise producers, and only invoke `setState` when all the promises have been resolved.

https://twitter.com/evanxsummers


text:
$300,000 Donation Establishes Music Scholarship at Centralia College in Memorial of Vondean Thompson
Vondean Thompson.
Posted Wednesday, January 1, 2020 2:15 pm
By Celene Fitzgerald / cfitzgerald@chronline.com
A recent donation of $300,000 to Centralia College Foundation has established the Vondean Thompson Memorial Scholarship for music students to honor the former Centralia mayor and longtime musician, Vondean Thompson.
The donation was made by Thompson's husband, Bob, and will be offered to first and second year music students starting in the 2020-2021 academic year. Students can apply for the scholarship, deadline is March 1, on the Centralia College Foundation website. Up to $1,000 will be awarded each year.
"Vondean was a wonderful woman who led a fully engaged life," said Bob in a statement on the Centralia College website. "She was a fine pianist and had a lifelong love of music."
Thompson passed away at the age of 79 on Jan. 10 2018 from a brain tumor. She was born in Centralia and graduated from Centralia High School in 1956. Thompson is survived by her husband, Bob, and their three children and seven grandchildren, according to her obituary.
Thompson was active in the music community, founding the Centralia College Performing Arts Society about 45 years ago and organized the Pacific Northwest Chamber Orchestra formally known as the Pacicfic Northwest Youth Orchestra, according to information on the Centralia College website.
Thompson was also active in city government, serving on the city council for three terms, including one as mayor, totaling 12 years on the council. She was elected to the first Centralia city council in 1986.
"Arts education is a key part of Centralia College, and being able to support music students with a dedicated scholarship like this one will help us to keep our vibrant music program strong into the future," said Bob Mohrbacher, Centralia College President in a statement on the Centralia College website.
"The college would not be able to support students in the same manner without the dedication and partnership of community members like Vondean and Bob Thompson," continued Mohrbacher.
Centralia College stated that if anyone wants to donate to the memorial scholarship that checks can be mailed to the Centralia College Foundation at 600 Centralia College Blvd. Centralia, WA 98531. It is asked that it be noted on the memo line that the donation is for the Vondean Thompson Memorial Scholarship.
'Subtle' Tsunami Surges From Undersea Eruption Hit Washington Coast, as Officials Warn of Waves to Come
Man Arrested for Allegedly Wielding Knife, Threatening Centralia Bar Employee
Chehalis Farrier Charged for Allegedly Hitting Horse With Shoeing Hammer in September
State Patrol Identifies Pedestrian Killed on I-5 in Lewis County


text:
3D Clothing Design SW
> Mjohnson19305
Plans & Pricing - SimScale Simulation Platform. Cloud Powered 3D CAD/CAM Software for Product Design. Punch Software. Design and update your home with Punch Home and Landscape Design Essentials, the best version yet!
Whether interior or landscape design, Essentials has the right tools for you! Planning your home design project has never been easier! Punch! Home and Landscape Design Premium has the tools to bring your dream home to life. TrueSpace - Wikipedia. TrueSpace (styled as trueSpace) was a commercial 3D computer graphics and animation software developed by Caligari Corporation, bought-out by Microsoft.
As of May 2009, it has been officially discontinued, but with some 'unofficial support' up to February 2010, at least. . Partial Development At Flat2D V2 {www.flat2d.com/Default_en.aspx} History[edit] The company was founded in 1985 by Roman Ormandy. A prototype 3D video animation package for the Amiga Computer led to the incorporation of Octree Software in 1986. As of May 19, 2009, Ormandy announced that TrueSpace had been discontinued: Dear Caligari customer,You may have heard that Microsoft Corporation, reacting to difficult business conditions, has been evaluating many of the products it produces and making the difficult decision to reduce investment in certain areas. Elsewhere he thanks everyone, urges people to download all the free software as soon as possible. Overview[edit] POV-Ray - The Persistence of Vision Raytracer.
POV-Ray Hall of Fame. What is pov ray for windows. OpenFX downloads. Download OpenFX is available in either binary distributions (which are compiled versions and only work on Windows (95/98/2000/XP/Vista/Windows7/Windows8), or the source code itself.
The source code can be obtained as a ZIP archive or you can participate in the project by using/contributing via the SVN server, (mail us for a username.) The source code archive is only compiled every time there is a new Install but the SVN server contains all the latest code changes. Binary Distributions OpenFX-2.4, Windows 9x/NT/2000/XP/7/8 The full binary distribution, complete with sample models, animations and textures is around 120 megabytes, and available from: OpenFX Latest Release Source Distributions The source code for OpenFX has been released under the GNU General Public Licence and is currently available via an SVN server, a ZIP archive can be obtained from: OpenFX Source 3rd Party Libraries Download from: ASSIMP - library And:
OpenFX (software) - Wikipedia. OpenFX is an open-source, free modeling and animation studio, distributed under the GNU General Public License, created by Dr.
Stuart Ferguson. He made the decision to release the source code to the public in the middle of 1999 and released a stable version a year and a half later. The product, formerly named SoftF/X, was renamed to OpenFX. The OpenFX featureset includes a full renderer and raytracing engine, NURBS support, kinematics-based animation, morphing, and an extensive plugin API. Plugin capabilities include image post processor effects such as lens flare, fog and depth of field. Open source tool for making 3d characters. Manuel Bastioni. Manuel Bastioni Laboratory. Development news Testing the retarget feature for 1.5 10 December 2016 A short video with the results of the new retargeting system.
Download. Testing the retarget feature for 1.5 10 December 2016 A short video with the results of the new retargeting system.
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The Amazon Investigation: A Prime Example of Contemporary Antitrust
The Commission announced this week the formal opening of a case against Amazon (see here). It had also informally done something quite similar almost a year ago (see here), and that first news cycle triggered comments from Pablo that remain current and are even more valuable today. In parallel, the competition authorities from Germany, Austria and Luxembourg closed proceedings against Amazon after the company agreed to modify certain clauses.
The Commission's case is plagued with interesting legal issues and questions that we look forward to exploring. It is a prime (pun intended) example of the issues raised in contemporary antitrust. I've received a few press inquiries about this and already had a chance to discuss the development almost live during a lecture at the College of Europe on "Multi-sided platforms: the lessons from the case law", so I'll build on what I explained there (off the top of my head, so this is all likely to evolve).
Bear in mind that we have no information as to whether the Commission's factual suspicions are well-founded or not, so for the purposes of this post let's simply assume that they are and focus on the law:
Duality at the core. The case against Amazon is premised on the observation that "Amazon has a dual role as a platform: (i) it sells products on its website as a retailer; and (ii) it provides a marketplace where independent sellers can sell products directly to consumers". The Commission suspects that Amazon collects competitively sensitive information about marketplace sellers and, according to the press release, it "will focus on whether and how the use of accumulated marketplace seller data by Amazon as a retailer affects competition".
Challenging vertical integration/a business model. Is the Commission challenging a business model or vertical integration itself? To the extent that one argues that the problem lies in "being umpire and having a team at the same time" (see here) in itself, then this would effectively constitute a challenge to a given (hybrid) business model more than to specific practices [on a different note, the referee/player metaphor was the one traditionally used to challenge the Commission's own business/enforcement model].
If this is the Commission's thinking (it may well not be), this could have very profound implications, as many companies other than Amazon (including e.g. large offline retailers with private label brands) rely on the same business model. This is particularly true given that the investigation is based not only on Article 102 but also on 101, so its ramifications could extend beyond dominant companies.
As we always say, competition law is business model agnostic. Amazon, for one, has suffered from this when it comes to platform bans (think about it, Coty is also a prime example of the idea that one cannot treat a firm that opts for selective distribution worse than a vertically integrated rival pursuing the same objectives). The use of a given business model, in itself, does not warrant antitrust intervention. It might, if it gives rise to anticompetitive effects in the sense of the case law. As Pablo explained in his post, vertical integration and lack of neutrality is often even procompetitive. Again, that doesn't mean that specific practices may perhaps be legal/illegal, but one cannot simply presume legality/ illegality just by looking at the business model.
On the threshold of effects. If it's all about the effects, what effects are we talking about? What legal standard should the Commission apply?
Is the theory then that merchants suffer a competitive disadvantage? The case law tells us that a mere disparity of treatment/competitive disadvantage is not enough to find an infringement (see e.g. Lesson number 7 here ;), MEO, Post Danmark I or Deutsche Telekom (para. 250 where the Court said that the existence of a margin squeeze/forcing rivals to price below cost is in itself, absent anticompetitive effects, insufficient to find an infringement).
Is the theory about unfair trading conditions? If one frames this as an exploitation/unfair conditions/excessive pricing case, one would need to look at whether the price paid by merchants is excessive having regard to the value of the service provided by Amazon's Marketplace. And that may be pretty hard. Moreover, cases like TeliaSonera also involved unfair conditions and also require a showing of anticompetitive effects. As explained in the previous paragraph, this means something beyond a mere competitive disadvantage.
Isn't this rather about conditions for access? The idea seems to be not only that Amazon is dominant but that merchants actually depend on Amazon to market their products (if not, it's clear that there is no foreclosure, right?). In a way, you could say that data allegedly collected by Amazon is part of the price that a merchant pays to be able to sell its products in the marketplace (don't critics of online platforms actually often repeat that people pay with data?). Amazon may need that data for different purposes, including ensuring that the overall platform/marketplace remains competitive (this is a fundamental point on which I would expect much of the legal discussion to focus). And this is in the nature of the hybrid business model, which has so far worked in this and other sectors. Would we be better off if Amazon re-adopted its previous model and closed the marketplace to third parties? And in that scenario, could a competition authority force Amazon to reopen it again under FRAND terms? The intuitively easy answers to the questions may be telling.
If one thinks about the case law (a big "if" these days), cases like Bronner, Commercial Solvents and Télémarketing all involved similar settings (vertically integrated rivals "favoring" their own services) and all of them require indispensability and the elimination of all competition. Bronner very much emphasizes this point beyond doubt ("self-favour" yourself and read it again).
Are merchants foreclosed/driven out of the market by Amazon's alleged conduct? At first sight this would not appear to be the case given the continuous growth in merchant sales on the Amazon marketplace and the existence of other channels to market products. In fact, Amazon needs merchants and it is highly unlikely that its marketplace would thrive if merchants didn't. An automatic assumption of foreclosure would imply presuming that Amazon is somehow an indispensable sales channel, which sounds like quite a stretch (and which, by the way, also appears to be at odds with brands' appetite for platform bans). It will be interesting to see how the Commission approaches this question.
Increasing competition? If it were true that Amazon really uses merchant data to set its competitive strategy, I guess one could even argue that Amazon would be merely observing where there is scope for greater competition (in terms of price, output or quality) in order to adopt certain decisions, including whether to launch its own product. Under this optic, one could therefore argue that this practice (again, assuming it might exist) would actually enhance competition in every product category.
On similarities with other cases. This investigation is but one more step in a trend/line of thinking that started and peaked with the Google Shopping case (the judicial outcome of which could have a crucial impact on the Amazon case depending on time and on how Amazon plays this). Pablo accurately calls this "common-carrier antitrust". The irony is that some of the people that propelled and still defend those theories are now faced with their boomerang effect (talk about dual roles…). Expect some creative contortions
Openings and closings. As some commentators have observed, the parallel closing of the German and Austrian cases shows that competition cases can also be quickly and effectively resolved, regardless of their merit, even absent interim measures. But, among other factors, that depends on whether what is at stake is an essential component of the business model or not. This may perhaps be one more reason to focus on cheap exclusion and not second guess business models (which is what some people are now openly advocating for).
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Persistent myths in competition law (IV): 'the European Commission is a risk-averse institution' »
The Luxembourg competition authority did not close its investigation (https://concurrence.public.lu/dam-assets/fr/actualites/2019/2019-4-1-Communique-services-en-ligne-.pdf), it merely rejected a request for interim measures by one of the complainants.
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[…] the same vein, Alfonso Lamadrid, an antitrust expert at EU and Competition Law Department of Garrigues, cast doubts on the […]
European Commission opened a formal investigation into Amazon's data practices | Sangyun's Blog
[…] The Amazon Investigation: A Prime Example of Contemporary AntitrustThe Commission announced this week the formal opening of a case against Amazon. It had also informally done something quite similar almost a year ago…Alfonso Lamadrid (Chilling Competition) […]
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