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Why workers are fleeing Romania's garment industry
Laura Stefanut
'Sweatshops' are usually associated with labour outsourced to east- and south-east Asia, but they exist inside the EU too. Gruelling working conditions in Romania's low-pay garment industry, which supplies clothes for mid-market and luxury retailers alike, force many people to go abroad in search of a real living wage.
Most western consumers are familiar with stories of exploited south and south-east Asian garment workers while at the same time believing labels saying 'Made in the EU' mean the same thing as 'Fair Trade'. It might, then, come as a surprise to discover that Romanian manufacturing workers are in a similar position, making clothes found in both discount and luxury fashion outlets. Many others prefer to leave their homes and families behind in search of a better life.
In 2015, I started investigating labour conditions in eastern European garment factories, especially Romania, and worked in one to experience it for myself. Publishing my findings led to a backlash from the national authorities and a few brands; I was harassed and even sued by one of Romania's biggest factories for revealing my sources, though the lawsuit was eventually withdrawn.
I understood why many workers refused to talk to me; they feared that they would be fired. Some agreed to speak nevertheless, and their stories were similar all over Romania and Bulgaria. Dozens told me how people faint because of the heat and hard work, facing insults and intimidation from supervisors, impossible quotas, and the struggle to make ends meet due to low salaries and late or even no pay. These findings are also common in research by NGOs like the Clean Clothes Campaign.
Photo by Laura Stefanut via Balkan Insights.
Low wages, high emigration
Thirty-three-year-old Cristi Deseanu worked in four Romanian garment factories before deciding to leave for the UK, despite having no qualifications. In his early twenties, faced with few job prospects, he started working at one of the biggest such enterprise in his region; this was around the time Romania joined the EU.
The Italian owned company produced clothes for dozens of mid-market to high-end international brands. Cristi saw sweaters knitted from fine golden thread. Workers were required to carefully put the remaining threads in small plastic bags to minimize waste. He recalls seeing suits worth almost 2000 euros, an amount it would take one garment worker more than a year to make.
This job lasted until April 2014, when he was fired for taking part in a spontaneous strike triggered by employees who did not receive their salaries. I found official factory documents confirmin g Cristi's story – sometimes factories distribute this kind of information among workers to make an example of people fired for protesting, discouraging future unrest.
At that time, Cristi had a net monthly salary of 240 euros as a factory mechanic; he lived with his parents as he could not afford to start his own family. To put that in perspective, ordinary garment workers received only 150 euros, the legal minimum salary, and there were months when he received as little as 130 euros.
After being fired, Cristi found a job at a smaller garment factory where he earned even less, before finding a better paid job in another city, this time at a factory producing for high-end brands. It was open twenty four hours a day, seven days a week. Cristi would earn about 550 euros a month, but, he says, most garment workers were still paid the minimum wage. This is confirmed by two garment workers and a former manager.
Photo by Laura Stefanut via Balkan Insights
Insults and injuries
As of 2019, there are over 180,000 people working in the garment industry in Romania. Most are paid the legal minimum wage. This has increased to around 250 euros in recent years, but it is still below the estimated living wage. In Romania, according to the Institute for National Statistics, the average cost of a household is currently 1170 euros per month, but the government does not calculate an official living wage. By comparison, in 2018, the average salary of a Chinese garment worker was 270 dollars per month but can be more than 500 a month in some regions.1
When a sector relies on cheap labour, it does not lead to sustained social-economic development, says Cornelia Staritz, Professor of Development Studies at the University of Vienna. In many countries, apparel production is among the main sectors in an export-oriented industrialization process. 'Because the technologies are quite standard, Staritz explains, 'it is very labour intensive, so low wages are important, and countries can use the sector as a start to develop higher value-added activities'. Afterwards, more capital-intensive sectors with links to apparel, such as textiles, can be developed.
In Romania, things went backwards. In 1989, the country had both capital- andlabour-intensive activities in the 'textile-apparel complex'. After the fall of communism, the more capital-intensive textile sector was forced out of business. The deal was that Romanian factories produced apparel for western buyers under specific trade preferences, using textiles initially sourced from western European countries. So the Romanian textile industry became increasingly reliant on apparel assembly, which mostly generated low-paid jobs. Low salaries are now one of the main reasons Romanians are migrating to western Europe.
After a while at the new factory, Cristi started being put exclusively on the night shift. He says he was asked to stay in the factory from 9PM to 8 or 9AM. He refused. 'The schedule was unbearable' Cristi remembers, 'I felt tired and dizzy. I was "done", as they say'.
He quit his job after a phone conversation with the manager, who verbally abused him. 'After I handed in my resignation, I expected the owner to call me to find out what happened, but it never happened,' says Cristi.
Cristi told me these stories next to the construction site where he currently works at Nine Elms, London, the site of one of Europe's biggest regeneration projects, building 18,000 homes. Cristi considers himself lucky to be able to work here, especially since his first London jobs were either illegal or gruelling work that paid just enough to make ends meet.
Romanians abroad
According to an OECD study, the UK has become the second most likely destination for Romanian immigrants, after Germany.2 Romania has a higher emigration rate than Mexico, China, and India, says sociologist Dumitru Sandu, with an estimated 17 per cent of Romanian-born citizens currently living abroad. As part of European research program Ymobility, Sandu found that almost half of the Romanian youth aged sixteen to thirty-five say they have made plans for leaving the country.
Cristi says he does not plan to return to Romania any time soon. He will most likely move to Germany, where his girlfriend is working. She was a garment worker in the same factory, but refused an interview, saying she was too affected by the working conditions at the factory and did not want to recall them. Cristi has former colleagues from all over the world who were willing to speak to me, though.
Silvia (pseudonym) endured the working conditions at the factory that fired Cristi for three more years. She saw colleagues crying in the manager's office asking for their salaries as they could not feed their children. She confirmed the stories about women fainting and constantly being insulted.
Silvia lived in a two-bedroom house with her partner, son, and mother in law. She was the only one working full time, so found herself in a desperate situation when, at the end of the month, she did not receive the money she worked for. In the six months prior to our first conversation, she only received a total of around 340 euros. But she considered herself lucky, as she did not have any bank loans and could grow vegetables in her garden.
After I revealed these problems, the authorities fined the factory in question. Some brands also said they would help the factory improve working conditions. Several workers told me this was true for a while: salaries were paid on time – people even received meal tickets – and nobody insulted them anymore. But the situation declined again after several months, Silvia says; she decided she could not afford to wait anymore and decided to leave abroad. The last time we spoke, she was happy in Italy. She felt respected. She was one of the lucky Romanians working abroad.
Most Romanian workers I interviewed told me that leaving was their last option. They did not emigrate enthusiastically, feeling torn because they left their families and homes behind. They felt pushed away by the lack of money and, even more, by the lack of respect from their country.
Some studies showed that receiving just a few cents more per piece of garment could make a real difference when it comes to workers' salaries. Perhaps consumers would be willing to pay a bit more for a piece of clothing, knowing this would offer a living wage for an unknown worker in a distant country. But no one asked them. Factories continue to fight among each other for offering the lowest prices to the brands, while increasing numbers of workers decide they are not willing to play this game and leave abroad in search of a better life.
This article was published in IWMpost #124. Fall/Winter 2019.
Sheng Lu, 'Wage Level for Garment Workers in the World (Updated in 2017)'
OECD, Talent Abroad: A Review of Romanian Emigrants, OECD Publishing, 2019: https://www.oecd.org/publications/talent-abroad-a-review-of-romanian-emigrants-bac53150-en.htm
First published by IWM Post Winter 2019
Contributed by Laura Stefanut © Laura Stefanut / Eurozine
#migration #Europe #Romania #consumerism #workers' rights
The Institute for Human Sciences
What went wrong with reunification?
Il Mulino 5/2020
Speaking for the disappeared
Index on Censorship 3/2020
Crisis and wanderlust
Syn og Segn 2/2020
'Syn og Segn' explores pandemic life through poetry, reportage and history. Why the crisis has made migrant lives harder still; how today's risks pale in comparison with those of the past; and a corona chronicle and other poems.
Owning up to anguish
The Norwegian NGO Iris Center is one of the few aid organizations with a presence in the overcrowded refugee camp on the Greek island of Chios. Interviewed for 'Syn og Segn', volunteer Janne Hegna speaks of the hopelessness felt after the 2016 EU–Turkey agreement to curb migration to Europe. Also: a focus men's mental health.


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HomeDatabase management
Manning's 'MongoDB in Action' has been updated for version 3.0 – #programming #bookreview
May 4, 2016 Si Dunn Book reviews, Books, Database, Database management, MongoDB, Software, Software development	Authors, how-to, paperback, programming
MongoDB in Action, Second Edition
Covers MongoDB version 3.0
Kyle Banker
Manning, paperback
Yes, this updated edition of MongoDB in Action is aimed at software developers. However, the book wisely does not ignore those of us who are more casual users of MongoDB.
Indeed, this is a fine how-to book for MongoDB newcomers and casual users, too, particularly if you are patient and willing to read through an introductory chapter focusing on "MongoDB's history, design goals, and application use cases."
Many people, of course, just want to jump straight into downloading the software, running it, and playing with it for a while before getting down to any serious stuff such as application use cases. So this book's Appendix A is the place to go first, so you can get MongoDB onto your Linux, Mac, or Windows computer. Then, after MongoDB is installed, you can jump back to Chapter 2 to start learning how to use the JavaScript shell.
After that, things quickly start getting more "practical." For example, Chapter 3 introduces "Writing programs using MongoDB." Here, Ruby is employed to work with the MongoDB API. But the author notes: "MongoDB, Inc. provides officially supported, Apache-licensed MongoDB drivers for all of the most popular programming languages. The driver examples in the book use Ruby, but the principles we'll illustrate are universal and easily transferable to other drivers. Throughout the book we'll illustrate most commands with the JavaScript shell, but examples of using MongoDB from within an application will be in Ruby."
I won't try to sum up everything in this well-written, 13-chapter book. I have used older, 2.X versions of MongoDB in MEAN stack applications. And, separately, I have worked a bit with Ruby and MongoDB. But in each case, I haven't needed to learn all that much about MongoDB itself, mainly just ensure that it is storing data that can be accessed in the right place and updated, saved or deleted as needed. So this book, written for 3.0.X (and earlier and later) MongoDB releases is an eye-opener for me and one that I will keep around for reference and more learning now that I have upgraded to 3.2.
Part 1 of MongoDB in Action, 2nd edition "provides a broad, practical introduction to MongoDB." Part 2 delivers "a deep exploration of MongoDB's document data model." Part 3, meanwhile, examines MongoDB "from the database administrator's perspective. This means we'll cover all the things you need to know about performance, deployments, fault tolerance, and scalability."
The book's author knows that readers with some MongoDB experience will not read the book straight through. Instead, they will tackle chapters in many different orders and will even skip some chapters. And this is okay. MongoDB in Action: Second Edition is a book many of us will be happy to have handy whenever we need to get a better grip on some new aspect of working with this very popular open-source document database.
One cautionary note: The author points out that "as of MongoDB v3.0, 32-bit binaries will no longer be supported." Of course, some 3.X 32-bit binaries are still out there, and you can install them. But you will get a lot of warning messages from MongoDB. So, download a 64-bit binary if your system will support it.
BIG DATA: A well-written look at principles & best practices of scalable real-time data systems – #bookreview
May 21, 2015 Si Dunn Big Data, Book review, Book reviews, Books, business, Data analysis, data mining, Database management, Hadoop, NoSQL, Programmer, Programming, Project management, Relational database management system, Software, Software development, software testing, SQL	Authors, cloud computing, how-to, technology, writers
Principles and best practices of scalable real-time data systems
Nathan Marz, with James Warren
Get this book, whether you are new to working with Big Data or now an old hand at dealing with Big Data's seemingly never-ending (and steadily expanding) complexities.
You may not agree with all that the authors offer or contend in this well-written "theory" text. But Nathan Marz's Lambda Architecture is well worth serious consideration, especially if you are now trying to come up with more reliable and more efficient approaches to processing and mining Big Data. The writers' explanations of some of the power, problems, and possibilities of Big Data are among the clearest and best I have read.
"More than 30,000 gigabytes of data are generated every second, and the rate of data creation is only accelerating," Marz and Warren point out.
Thus, previous "solutions" for working with Big Data are now getting overwhelmed, not only by the sheer volume of information pouring in but by greater system complexities and failures of overworked hardware that now plague many outmoded systems.
The authors have structured their book to show "how to approach building a solution to any Big Data problem. The principles you'll learn hold true regardless of the tooling in the current landscape, and you can use these principles to rigorously choose what tools are appropriate for your application." In other words, they write, you will "learn how to fish, not just how to use a particular fishing rod."
Marz's Lambda Architecture also is at the heart of Big Data, the book. It is, the two authors explain, "an architecture that takes advantage of clustered hardware along with new tools designed specifically to capture and analyze web-scale data. It describes a scalable, easy-to-understand approach to Big Data systems that can be built and run by a small team."
The Lambda Architecture has three layers: the batch layer, the serving layer, and the speed layer.
Not surprisingly, the book likewise is divided into three parts, each focusing on one of the layers:
In Part 1, chapters 4 through 9 deal with various aspects of the batch layer, such as building a batch layer from end to end and implementing an example batch layer.
Part 2 has two chapters that zero in on the serving layer. "The serving layer consists of databases that index and serve the results of the batch layer," the writers explain. "Part 2 is short because databases that don't require random writes are extraordinarily simple."
In Part 3, chapters 12 through 17 explore and explain the Lambda Architecture's speed layer, which "compensates for the high latency of the batch layer to enable up-to-date results for queries."
Marz and Warren contend that "[t]he benefits of data systems built using the Lambda Architecture go beyond just scaling. Because your system will be able to handle much larger amounts of data, you'll be able to collect even more data and get more value out of it. Increasing the amount and types of data you store will lead to more opportunities to mine your data, produce analytics, and build new applications."
This book requires no previous experience with large-scale data analysis, nor with NoSQL tools. However, it helps to be somewhat familiar with traditional databases. Nathan Marz is the creator of Apache Storm and originator of the Lambda Architecture. James Warren is an analytics architect with a background in machine learning and scientific computing.
If you think the Big Data world already is too much with us, just stick around a while. Soon, it may involve almost every aspect of our lives.
HADOOP IN PRACTICE, 2nd Edition – An updated guide to handling some of the 'trickier and dirtier aspects of Hadoop' – #programming #bookreview
November 9, 2014 Si Dunn Big Data, Book review, Book reviews, Books, Data analysis, data mining, Data science, Database management, Hadoop, Hive, How-to, Pig, Programmer, Programming, Software	Authors, Book reviews, how-to, Kindle, paperback
Hadoop in Practice, Second Edition
Alex Holmes
(Manning – paperback )
The Hadoop world has undergone some big changes lately, and this hefty, updated edition offers excellent coverage of a lot of what's new. If you currently work with Hadoop and MapReduce or are planning to take them up soon, give serious consideration to adding this well-written book to your technical library. A key feature of the book is its "104 techniques." These show how to accomplish practical and important tasks when working with Hadoop, MapReduce and their growing array of software "friends."
The author, Alex Holmes, has been working with Hadoop for more than six years and is a software engineer, author, speaker, and blogger specializing in large-scale Hadoop projects.
His new second edition, he writes, "covers Hadoop 2, which at the time of writing is the current production-ready version of Hadoop. The first edition of the book covered Hadoop 0.22 (Hadoop 1 wasn't yet out), and Hadoop 2 has turned the world upside-down and opened up the Hadoop platform to processing paradigms beyond MapReduce. YARN, the new scheduler and application manager in Hadoop 2, is complex and new to the community, which prompted me to dedicate a new chapter 2 to covering YARN basics and to discussing how MapReduce now functions as a YARN application."
In the book, Holmes notes that "Parquet has also recently emerged as a new way to store data in HDFS—its columnar format can yield both space and time efficiencies in your data pipelines, and it's quickly becoming the ubiquitous way to store data. Chapter 4 includes extensive coverage of Parquet, which includes how Parquet supports sophisticated object models such as Avro and how various Hadoop tools can use Parquet."
Furthermore, "[h]ow data is being ingested into Hadoop has also evolved since the first edition," Holmes points out, "and Kafka has emerged as the new data pipeline, which serves as the transport tier between your data producers and data consumers, where a consumer would be a system
such as Camus that can pull data from Kafka into HDFS. Chapter 5, which covers moving data into and out of Hadoop, now includes coverage of Kafka and Camus." [Reviewer's note: Interesting software names here. Franz Kafka and Alfred Camus were writers deeply concerned about finding clarity and meaning in a world that seemed to offer none.]
Holmes adds that "[t]here are many new technologies that YARN now can support side by side in the same cluster, and some of the more exciting and promising technologies are covered in the new part 4, titled 'Beyond MapReduce,' where I cover some compelling new SQL technologies such as Impala and Spark SQL. The last chapter, also new for this edition, looks at how you can write your own YARN application, and it's packed with information about important features to support your YARN application."
Hadoop and MapReduce have gained reputations (well-earned) for being difficult to set up, use and master. In his new edition, Holmes describes his own early experiences: "The greatest challenge we faced when working with Hadoop, and specifically MapReduce, was relearning how to solve problems with it. MapReduce is its own flavor of parallel programming, and it's quite different from the in-JVM programming that we were accustomed to. The first big hurdle was training our brains to think MapReduce, a topic which the book Hadoop in Action by Chuck Lam (Manning Publications, 2010) covers well."
(These days, of course, there are both open source and commercial releases of Hadoop, as well as quickstart virtual machine versions that are good for learning Hadoop.)
Holmes continues: "After one is used to thinking in MapReduce, the next challenge is typically related to the logistics of working with Hadoop, such as how to move data in and out of HDFS and effective and efficient ways to work with data in Hadoop. These areas of Hadoop haven't received much coverage, and that's what attracted me to the potential of this book—the chance to go beyond the fundamental word-count Hadoop uses and covering some of the trickier and dirtier aspects of Hadoop."
If you have difficulty explaining Hadoop to others (such as a manager or executive hesitant to let it be implemented), Holmes offers a succint summation in his updated book:
"Doug Cutting, the creator of Hadoop, likes to call Hadoop the kernel for big data, and I would tend to agree. With its distributed storage and compute capabilities, Hadoop is fundamentally an enabling technology for working with huge datasets. Hadoop provides a bridge between structured (RDBMS) and unstructured (log files, XML, text) data and allows these datasets to be easily joined together."
One book cannot possibly cover everything you need to know about Hadoop, MapReduce, Parquet, Kafka, Camus, YARN and other technologies. And this book and its software examples assume that you have some experience with Java, XML and JSON. Yet Hadoop in Practice, Second Edition gives a very good and reasonably deep overview, spanning such major categories as background and fundamentals, data logistics, Big Data patterns, and moving beyond MapReduce.
Hadoop is hot! Three new how-to books for riding the Big Data elephant – #programming #bookreview
March 14, 2013 Si Dunn Big Data, Book review, Book reviews, Database management, Hadoop, Hive, HTML5, Kindle, Linux, Mac OS X, MapReduce, Microsoft Windows, MySQL, OS X, Paperback, Programmer, Programming, Software, System administration	big data, Book reviews, Hadoop, Hive, how-to, Kindle, Linux, Mac OS X, paperback, programming, technology, Windows
In the world of Big Data, Hadoop has become the hard-charging elephant in the room.
Its big-name users now span the alphabet and include such notables as Amazon, eBay, Facebook, Google, the New York Times, and Yahoo. Not bad for software named after a child's toy elephant.
Computer systems that run Hadoop can store, process, and analyze large amounts of data that have been gathered up in many different formats from many different sources.
According to the Apache Software Foundation's Hadoop website: "The Apache Hadoop software library is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers using simple programming models. It is designed to scale up from single servers to thousands of machines, each offering local computation and storage."
The (well-trained) user defines the Big Data problem that Hadoop will tackle. Then the software handles all aspects of the job completion, including spreading out the problem in small pieces to many different computers, or nodes, in the distributed system for more efficient processing. Hadoop also handles individual node failures, and collects and combines the calculated results from each node.
But you don't need a collection of hundreds or thousands of computers to run Hadoop. You can learn it, write programs, and do some testing and debugging on a single Linux machine, Windows PC or Mac. The Open Source software can be downloaded here. (Do some research first. You may have use web searches to find detailed installation instructions for your specific system.)
Hadoop is open-source software that is often described as "a Java-based framework for large-scale data processing." It has a lengthy learning curve that includes getting familiar with Java, if you don't already know it.
But if you are now ready and eager to take on Hadoop, Packt Publishing recently has unveiled three excellent how-to books that can help you begin and extend your mastery: Hadoop Beginner's Guide, Hadoop MapReduce Cookbook, and Hadoop Real-World Solutions Cookbook.
Short reviews of each are presented below.
Hadoop Beginner's Guide
Garry Turkington
(Packt Publishing – paperback, Kindle)
Garry Turkington's new book is a detailed, well-structured introduction to Hadoop. It covers everything from the software's three modes–local standalone mode, pseudo-distributed mode, and fully distributed mode–to running basic jobs, developing simple and advanced MapReduce programs, maintaining clusters of computers, and working with Hive, MySQL, and other tools.
"The developer focuses on expressing the transformation between source and result data sets, and the Hadoop framework manages all aspects of job execution, parallelization, and coordination," the author writes.
He calls this capability "possibly the most important aspect of Hadoop. The platform takes responsibility for every aspect of executing the processing across the data. After the user defines the key criteria for the job, everything else becomes the responsibility of the system."
The 374-page book is written well and provides numerous code samples and illustrations. But it has one drawback for some beginners who want to install and use Hadoop. Turkington offers step-by-step instructions for how to perform a Linux installation, specifically Ubuntu. However, he refers Windows and Mac users to an Apache site where there is insufficient how-to information. Web searches become necessary to find more installation details.
Hadoop MapReduce Cookbook
Srinath Perera and Thilina Gunarathne
MapReduce "jobs" are an essential part of how Hadoop is able to crunch huge chunks of Big Data. The Hadoop MapReduce Cookbook offers "recipes for analyzing large and complex data sets with Hadoop MapReduce."
MapReduce is a well-known programming model for processing large sets of data. Typically, MapReduce is used within clusters of computers that are configured to perform distributed computing.
In the "Map" portion of the process, a problem is split into many subtasks that are then assigned by a master computer to individual computers known as nodes. (Nodes also can have sub-nodes). During the "Reduce" part of the task, the master computer gathers up the processed data from the nodes, combines it and outputs a response to the problem that was posed to be solved. (MapReduce libraries are now available for many different computer languages, including Hadoop.)
"Hadoop is the most widely known and widely used implementation of the MapReduce paradigm," the two authors note.
Their 284-page book initially shows how to run Hadoop in local mode, which "does not start any servers but does all the work within the same JVM [Java Virtual Machine]" on a standalone computer. Then, as you gain more experience with MapReduce and the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), they guide you into using Hadoop in more complex, distributed-computing environments.
Echoing the Hadoop Beginner's Guide, the authors explain how to install Hadoop on Linux machines only.
Hadoop Real-World Solutions Cookbook
Jonathan R. Owens, Jon Lentz and Brian Femiano
The Hadoop Real-World Solutions Cookbook assumes you already have some experience with Hadoop. So it jumps straight into helping "developers become more comfortable with, and proficient at solving problems in, the Hadoop space."
Its goal is to "teach readers how to build solutions using tools such as Apache Hive, Pig, MapReduce, Mahout, Giraph, HDFS, Accumulo, Redis, and Ganglia."
The 299-page book is packed with code examples and short explanations that help solve specific types of problems. A few randomly selected problem headings:
"Using Apache Pig to filter bot traffic from web server logs."
"Using the distributed cache in MapReduce."
"Trim Outliers from the Audioscrobbler dataset using Pig and datafu."
"Designing a row key to store geographic events in Accumulo."
"Enabling MapReduce jobs to skip bad records."
The authors use a simple but effective strategy for presenting problems and solutions. First, the problem is clearly described. Then, under a "Getting Ready" heading, they spell out what you need to solve the problem. That is followed by a "How to do it…" heading where each step is presented and supported by code examples. Then, paragraphs beneath a "How it works…" heading sum up and explain how the problem was solved. Finally, a "There's more…" heading highlights more explanations and links to additional details.
If you are a Hadoop beginner, consider the first two books reviewed above. If you have some Hadoop experience, you likely can find some useful tips in book number three.
Spring Data: Modern Data Access for Enterprise Java – #java #bookreview
November 26, 2012 Si Dunn Big Data, Book review, Book reviews, Data analysis, Database, Database management, Hadoop, How-to, Java, Kindle, MongoDB, MySQL, NoSQL, Paperback, Relational database management system, SQL	big data, Book reviews, database, Hadoop, how-to, Java, Kindle, MongoDB, NoSQL, programming, software, Spring Data, Spring Framework, SQL
Spring Data: Modern Data Access for Enterprise Java
Mark Pollack, Oliver Gierke, Thomas Risberg, Jonathan L. Brisbin and Michael Hunger
Big Data keeps getting wider and deeper by the second. And so do the demands for analyzing and profiting from all of those piled-up terabytes.
Meanwhile, the once whiz-bang technology known as the relational database is having a very hard time keeping pace. The sheer amount of data that companies now gather, store, access, and analyze is pushing traditional relational databases to the breaking point.
Many Java developers who are trying to keep these overloaded systems held together with baling wire, also are starting to learn to work with some of the "alternative data stores that are being used in mission-critical enterprise applications," the authors of Spring Data point out.
A lot of data now is being stored elsewhere and not in relational databases. Yet companies cannot abandon what they have already gathered and invested heavily to access. So they need to keep using and supporting their relational databases, plus some newer, faster, more voracious solutions lumped under the heading "NoSQL databases," (even though you can query them).
In "the new data access landscape," the authors note: "there is a revolution taking place, which for data geeks is quite exciting. Relational databases are not dead; they are still central to the operations of many enterprises and will remain so for quite some time. The trends, though, are very clear: new data access technologies are solving problems that traditional relational databases can't, so we need to broaden our skill set as developers and have a foot in both camps."
They add: "The Spring Framework has a long history of simplifying the development of Java applications, in particular for writing RDBMS-based data access layers that use Java database connectivity (JDBC) or object-relational mappers."
Their new book "is intended to give you a hands-on introduction to the Spring Data project, whose core mission is to enable Java developers to use state-of-the-art data processing and manipulation tools but also use traditional databases in a state-of-the-art manner."
They have organized their 288-page book into six parts and 14 chapters:
Part I – Background
Chapter 1 – The Spring Data Project
Chapter 2 – Repositories: Convenient Data Access Layers
Chapter 3 – Type-Safe Querying Using Querydsl
Part II – Relational Databases
Chapter 4 – JPA Repositories
Chapter 5 – Type-safe JDBC Programming with Querydsl SQL
Part III – NoSQL
Chapter 6 – MongoDB: A Document Store
Chapter 7 – Neo4j: A Graph Database
Chapter8 – Redis: A Key/Value Store
Part IV – Rapid Application Development
Chapter 9 – Persistence Layers with Spring Roo
Chapter 10 – REST Repository Exporter
Part V – Big Data
Chapter 11 – Spring for Apache Hadoop
Chapter 12 – Analyzing Data with Hadoop
Chapter 13 – Creating Big Data Pipelines with Spring Batch and Spring Integration
Part 5 – Data Grids
Chapter 14 – GemFire: A Distributed Data Grid
"Many of the values that have made Spring the preferred platform for enterprise Java developers deliver particular benefit in a world of fragmented persistence solutions," states Ron Johnson, creator of Spring Framework. Writing in the book's foreword, he notes: "Part of the value of Spring is how it brings consistency (without descending to a lowest common denominator) in its approach to different technologies with which it integrates.
"A distinct 'Spring way' helps shorten the learning curve for developers and simplifies code maintenance. If you are already familiar with Spring, you will find that Spring Data eases your exploration and adoption of unfamiliar stores. If you aren't already familiar with Spring, this is a good opportunity to see how Spring can simplify your code and make it more consistent."
Spring Data definitely is not light reading, but it is well-written, and provides a good blending of procedures, steps, explanations, code samples, screenshots and other illustrations.
Ethics of Big Data – Thoughtful insights into key issues confronting big-data 'gold mines' – #management #bookreview
October 4, 2012 Si Dunn Book review, Book reviews, business, Data journalism, Data science, Data security, Database, Database management, ebook, How-to, Kindle, Legal, Management, Marketing, Paperback, Project management, Security	big data, Book reviews, business, data security, ethics, how-to, network security, O'Reilly, paperback, technology
Ethics of Big Data
Kord Davis, with Doug Patterson
"Big Data" and how to mine it for profit are red-hot topics in today's business world. Many corporations now find themselves sitting atop virtual gold mines of customer information. And even small businesses now are attempting to find new ways to profit from their stashes of sales, marketing, and research data.
Like it or not, you can't block all of the cookies or tracking companies or sites that are following you, and each time you surf the web, you leave behind a "data exhaust" trail that has monetary value to others. Indeed, one recent start-up, Enliken, ("Data to the People"), is offering a way for computer users to gain some control over their data exhaust trail's monetary value and choose who benefits from it, including some charities.
Ethics of Big Data does not seek to lay down a "hard-and-fast list of rules for the ethical handling of data." The new book also doesn't "tell you what to do with your data." Its goals are "to help you engage in productive ethical discussions raised by today's big-data-driven enterprises, propose a framework for thinking and talking about these issues, and introduce a methodology for aligning actions with values within an organization."
It's heady stuff, packed into just 64 pages. But the book is well written and definitely thought-provoking. It can serve as a focused guide for corporate leaders and others now hoping to get a grip on their own big-data situations, in ways that will not alienate their customers, partners, and stakeholders.
In the view of the authors: "For both individuals and organizations, four common elements define what can be considered a framework for big data:
"Identity – What is the relationship between our offline identity and our online identity?"
"Privacy – Who should control access to data?"
"Ownership – Who owns data, can rights be transferred, and what are the obligations of people who generate and use that data?"
"Reputation – How can we determine what data is trustworthy? Whether about ourselves, others, or anything else, big data exponentially increases the amount of information and ways we can interact with it. This phenomenon increases the complexity of managing how we are perceived and judged."
Big-data technology itself is "ethnically neutral," the authors contend, and it "has no value framework. Individuals and corporations, however, do have value systems, and it is only by asking and seeking answers to ethical questions that we can ensure big data is used in a way that aligns with those values."
At the same time: "Big data is pushing corporate action further and more fully into individual lives through the sheer volume, variety, and velocity of the data being generated. Big-data product design, development, sales, and management actions expand their influence and impact over individuals' lives that may be changing the common meanings of words like privacy, reputation, ownership, and identity."
What will happen next as (1) big data continues to expand and intrude and (2) people and organizations push back harder, is still anybody's guess. But matters of ethics likely will remain at the center of the conflicts.
Indeed, some big-data gold mines could suffer devastating financial and legal cave-ins if greed is allowed to trump ethics.
PostgreSQL: Up and Running – Get a well-guided grip on this powerful, free database software – #bookreview
September 16, 2012 September 16, 2012 Si Dunn Book review, Book reviews, Database, Database management, How-to, Kindle, Paperback, PostgreSQL, Programmer, Programming, Software, SQL	Book reviews, database, database management, how-to, Kindle, O'Reilly, paperback, PostgreSQL, programming, software
PostgreSQL: Up and Running
Regina Obe and Leo Hsu
PostgreSQL is both a powerful open source database system and a very flexible application platform.
"PostgreSQL allows you to write stored procedures and functions in several programming languages, and the architecture allows you the flexibility to support more languages," this book's two authors point out.
Indeed: "You can have functions written in several different languages participating in one query."
Release 9.2 of PostgreSQL hit the web Sept. 10, 2012. Regina Obe's and Leo Hsu's fine, 145-page introduction to PostgreSQL focuses on Release 9.1, but describes major 9.2 features, too. And their book definitely can be used to get you up and running. It describes "the unique features of PostgreSQL that make it stand apart from other databases…", and shows "how to use these features to solve real world problems."
PostgreSQL is not for every database user, the writers emphasize. "PostgreSQL was designed from the ground up to be a server-side database. Many people do use it on the desktop similarly to how they use SQL Server Express or Oracle, but just like those, it cares about security management and doesn't leave this up to the application connecting to it. As such, it's not ideal as an imbeddable database, like SQLite or Firebird."
It also "does a lot and a lot can be daunting," they concede. "It's not a dumb data store; it's a smart elephant. If all you need is a key value store or you expect your database to just sit there and hold stuff, it's probably overkill for your needs."
But after years of using PostgreSQL, the two writers remain unabashed fans. "Each update," they state in their book, "treats us to new features, eases usability, brings improvements in speed, and pushes the envelope of what is possible with a database. In the end, you will wonder why you ever used any other relational database, when PostgreSQL does everything you could hope for—and does it for free."
By the way, users of PostgreSQL 8.3 or older need to upgrade ASAP, Regina Obe and Leo Hsu urge. Release 8.3 "will be reaching end-of-life in early 2013," making support increasingly difficult and expensive.
FileMaker Pro 12: The Missing Manual – A big but easy how-to guide by two experts – #bookreview #database
September 6, 2012 Si Dunn Book review, Book reviews, Database, Database management, Developer, FileMaker Pro, How-to, Kindle, Paperback, Software	Book reviews, Books, database, database management, FileMaker Pro, how-to, Kindle, Microsoft, paperback, software
FileMaker Pro 12: The Missing Manual
Susan Prosser and Stuart Gripman
The good news is: "FileMaker Pro is the ease-of-use champion." It avoids common database "jargon words like query, join, and alias." Instead, the two authors state, it uses "simple concepts like find, sort, and connect."
So, if it's so simple, why does this book weigh three pounds and have 924 pages?
Two reasons, both good. The authors – each are FileMaker Pro Certified Developers — do a fine job of explaining the package, from the basics to the most advanced features. And they illustrate their points with a generous number of screen shots, lists of steps, and other learning aids.
"FileMaker Pro databases," they point out, "can be as simple as a list of the things you need to pack when you're camping (complete with pictures!) or as complex as a company-wide system for purchasing, sales, inventory, invoicing, shipping, and customer tracking. But all of them essentially work the same way."
FileMaker Pro 12: The Missing Manual has six parts, and the first two parts (encompassing four chapters and 172 pages) explain and demonstrate how to get started with the software and use it to build and improve your first database.
In Part 3, you move past the beginner stage and into creating and maintaining a relational database, plus handling such choices as field options, layout mechanics, calculations, and using scripts. In Part 4, you learn how to start thinking like a relational database developer and using FileMaker Pro Advanced. Part 5 focuses on database security and integration issues, including managing accounts, sharing databases over the Internet and sharing data with other systems. Part 6 contains four useful appendices, including definitions of FileMaker error codes.
In a powerful package like FileMaker Pro 12, there are plenty of choices and capabilities to explain, and there are few ways to be reasonably "complete" without ending up holding a big pile of how-to pages.
Despite its heft and thickness, however, this excellent Missing Manual is structured to help you move forward at your own pace — whether you want to learn it all or just enough to scrape by at a new workplace.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Amblysellus acuerus är en insektsart som beskrevs av Delong och Hamilton 1974. Amblysellus acuerus ingår i släktet Amblysellus och familjen dvärgstritar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Dvärgstritar
acuerus

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How about some current musicians who make the 80s flavored music? Do they exist? For sure they do! If you're looking for some of that old synth sound smoothness and dreamy atmosphere in the music, then New Retro Wave would be a music network to take a look into. Personally, I really dig a lot of the bands they present on their Youtube channel and website, where you can find a lot of promising Retrowave scene musicians from amateurs to more professional ones.
Many of those artists successfully combine elements of the 80s synth sound to a modern production. I like most of the bands, which use mostly only those retro-sounding elements, keyboards, and drums in the composition; while not really fond of the bands which put too much modern sounding wave instruments in to the mix. It's matter of preference, really, though. Those old style drums, claps, and soft synth waves really bring Jan Hammer's "Miami Vice" soundtrack to one's mind at the times.
Here are some the suggested bands, which in my opinion capture the 80s synth sound the best way out of the Retrowave scene: Android Automatic, Action Jackson, Compilerbau, Dance With The Dead, Flash Arnold, FM-84, Kristine, Let Em Riot, Miami Nights 1984, MK Ultra, Niky Nine, Ogre, Perturbator, Robert Parker, Starforce, Sunglasses Kid, Tommy + Cobra Copter (not part of New Retro Wave network), MPM Sountracks (not part of New Retro Wave network), Com Truise (not part of New Retro Wave network).
On below, I've given a few of my favorite tracks linked from Youtube. When I want something smoother than hard rock or heavy metal from the 80s, this is my way to go. There you go. Enjoy!
Click here to visit New Retro Wave website or Youtube channel.


My Name Is Kirk And I Like Smooth Jazz – HELP!
All of us on this big blue marble have something they don't like about themselves. Some people don't like the fact that they are shy. Others don't like the way they look. And still others hate every little thing about themselves and wish they could just trash it all and start over.
And while there is plenty I don't like about myself (my impatience, the size of my head) I really don't like that I enjoy smooth jazz. In fact, I really think it would benefit me if I didn't like smooth jazz so much. Cause I like it – A LOT.
Listening to smooth jazz makes me feel good. It relaxes me. It balances me out. Many people call smooth jazz "soft" or "boring" or "coma-inducing" or "music to kill yourself to." They can't handle the smoothness of it. But the smoothness of smooth jazz is what makes it so special. It's auditory Valium.
I listen to smooth jazz everywhere; in the car, at dinner, hell, I can even jog to smooth jazz. As I am writing this piece I am listening to — and enjoying immensely — the Boney James channel on my Pandora station. "Who the hell is Boney James," you may be asking? Trust me – you don't want to know. It's better that you don't.
I don't have anyone in my life that enjoys smooth jazz. My family is indifferent to it. My friends mock me for it. My wife hates it so much that it is a miracle that she hasn't divorced me because I own not one but two Dave Koz albums. (One is a Christmas album called, "A Smooth Jazz Christmas." I know.) So, much like masturbation, listening to smooth jazz is a solo effort that I have to do all by my lonesome, which can be a little… well… sad.
I don't want to like smooth jazz and at the same time I don't not want to like it and that egregious error in grammar should show you how conflicted I am over this. A part of me gets that smooth jazz is lame. The other part of me doesn't give a flying f*#k. It's a constant (and probably unnecessary) struggle and I'm not sure if anyone else feels this conflicted about their own favorite type of music. Fans of Phish don't struggle with their love for that band and, let me tell you, they should. That music blows. But fans of Phish, AKA Phans (Come on! Really?!), don't sweat it. They just go on their merry way, dancing in a giant circle of love and completely oblivious to their crappy taste in music.
It's hard to enjoy something when everyone around you tells you not to. I try to stand strong in my smooth jazz beliefs but sometimes it is so exhausting that I have to lie down and listen to "The Best Of Al Jarreau,"* just to make it through the day. Fighting this constant fight not only with myself but with others as well is taxing but I continue to do it because I am stupid and I don't know any better.
Because I am vocal about my smooth jazz addiction (I am told that admitting to an addiction is the first step in curing said addiction but it sure as s*#t hasn't worked for me yet) I get asked a lot, "So, do you like Kenny G?" Come on. Give me just a little bit of credit. I do not like Kenny G.
There are some limits to my smooth jazz love.
As much as I like smooth jazz, I am not a Kenny G fan.
I don't even really listen to his music.
Help me… please… help me.


Nowadays social networking managed to earn a central importance in people's daily schedule. Without doubt the world is gradually mesmerized by the services and chances sites as Facebook, Twitter as well as MySpace offer. Covering all the chief fields of interest of people from: arts, music, science as well as politics, it's hard to rule them out as the main sources of inspiration for great initiatives and above all brand new human connections. As one of its best assets it is worth mentioning that SNSs succeed in narrowing the social and cultural barriers as well as diminish the distances between faraway countries and almost unattainable spots all over the world. Regardless of age, people engage into a similar project by offering a detailed or on the contrary brief character description that enlists: interests, location as well as more revealing facts. As a rule these sites often target a special level of society who are keen to collaborate in different activities and projects for different purposes and above all the sake of having fun.
The articles presented in the following domain will lead you both through the evolution of social networking as well as the main criteria to join some of the most spectacular and entertaining SNSs. Feel free to master the art of blogging and chatting to impress your entourage and people from all over the planet with your revolutionary thoughts, creative ideas and fascinating life stories Moreover these sites will also allow you to be up-to-the-minute with the most vital information in the industry of social sciences, arts as well as fashion. Use your profile as the perfect means to create the best impression in others, add people to expand and enrich your friend circles and express your attitude towards the most important issues in the world and life in general.
First and foremost start your social networking career with a meticulous or less revealing profile. This is one of the main requirements to enter the prominent sites of social activities. Line up all the useful information that can offer a general overview of both your appearance and character. In the next phase you'll be asked to upload a photo, this is indeed one of the factors that might intimidate or on the contrary encourage people to show their best features to the wide world. Flash your most flattering side in order to create a pleasant impression in strangers who are eager to know you better through Facebook or MySpace. Some might also engage into entering a confessional social networking site as Twitter which aims to offer the chance to show off with your unique activities and daily schedule as well as the special moments of your life through the means of descriptions and diary-like format.
Celebrities make no exception when it comes of joining a similar social project. The most prominent SNSs are flooded by the profiles of both musicians, actors and also the most sought-after socialites in entertainment industry. Finding out their precious secrets as well as their public and private schedule is a means to bring them closer to the fans and illustrate how the life of fame and fortune really looks like. Furthermore you are also furnished with the possibility to add them as your friends and send them messages of praise as well as scrutinizing critics. Enter the virtual world that is created with the contribution of real people in order to benefit from the finest assets of social networking.


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Home » Stories » Rangers unable to save lost hunter
Rangers unable to save lost hunter
Recent NYS Forest Ranger actions:
Town of Ohio
Wilderness Search: On Dec. 2 at 7:21 p.m., DEC's Ray Brook Dispatch received a call reporting an overdue hunter in the area of North Lake/Ice Cave Mountain. Forest Ranger Lt. Murphy responded, along with Forest Rangers McCartney, Hanno, Candee, and Evans. Once on scene, Rangers spread out on key terrain and fired signal shots to see if the hunter would respond. The Rangers heard a shot in return, proceeded east into West Canada Lake Wilderness in the direction of the shot fired, and made voice contact with the 59-year-old hunter from Beaver Falls. At 2:14 a.m., Lt. Murphy advised that Rangers had located the subject cold, but otherwise in good condition, and were assisting him out of the woods. Earlier in the afternoon, the hunter's GPS died and with the heavy snowfall, he was unable to follow his own tracks and became lost about three miles from camp. The hunter was returned to his camp at North Lake at 3:47 a.m.
Town of Bleecker
Wilderness Search: On Dec. 4 at 9 p.m., DEC's Ray Brook Dispatch received a call from a member of a hunting camp in the Sander Road area advising that a 45-year-old hunter from Scotia was overdue from an afternoon hunt. Forest Rangers Kerr and Miller responded to investigate and search the area. The Rangers searched throughout the night and located tracks and personal items left by the hunter but could not locate the subject. On Dec. 5 at first light, four additional Rangers arrived on the scene and conducted searches of the thick, swampy forest. At 3:03 p.m., Forest Rangers located and recovered the hunter's body from the Shaker Mountain Wild Forest. The New York State Police Bureau of Criminal Investigation is leading the investigation into the cause of death with support from DEC's Bureau of Environmental Crimes Investigation and the Fulton County Coroner's Office.
Town of Keene
Wilderness Rescue: On Dec. 5 at 11:15 a.m., DEC's Ray Brook Dispatch received a call from a 31-year-old hiker from Nutley, New Jersey, who became disoriented while hiking Dix Mountain. Coordinates provided by Essex County 911 placed the hiker considerably off the trail and he was advised to stay where he was. The hiker indicated he was prepared with a small tent and warm clothing. Forest Rangers Evans, LaPierre, and Curcio entered the woods through the Round Pond trailhead and began making their way to the coordinates provided. Ray Brook and Essex County 911 Dispatch worked together to ping the hiker's phone to more accurately pinpoint his location. Since the hiker's cellphone battery was low, the subject was advised to shut off the phone and keep it warm, and only to check it periodically for messages from rescuers. Rangers located the hiker at 5:05 p.m. Once warmed after his extended exposure to subfreezing temperatures, the hiker was safely escorted back to his vehicle at 9:21 p.m.
Be sure to properly prepare and plan before entering the backcountry. Visit DEC's Hike Smart NY and Adirondack Backcountry Information webpage for more information.
Rangers aid injured, lost hikers
Rangers rescue hunting party
Forest rangers rescue a hunter, a climber and two anglers
Tags: DEC forest rangers


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Q: Using WPF DataGridHyperLinkColumn Items to open Windows Explorer and open files I want to achieve the following:
Create a WPF DataGrid that have 2 columns:
The first will have items showing paths to directories, in a hyperlink style. Clicking on a hyperlink will open Windows Explorer in the path specified by the item.
The second will have items showing paths to files, in a hyperlink style. Clicking on a hyperlink will launch the file, with the default application defined by Windows.
I don't know if it's the right choice, but I added DataGridHyperlinkColumn's to my DataGrid. One problem was to add Uri items that do not refer to an internet locations. Another problem was to handle the clicks in a way that does not open a web browser.
Anyone can help?

A: This works universally:
<DataGridHyperlinkColumn Binding="{Binding Link}">
    <DataGridHyperlinkColumn.ElementStyle>
        <Style>
            <EventSetter Event="Hyperlink.Click" Handler="DG_Hyperlink_Click"/>
        </Style>
    </DataGridHyperlinkColumn.ElementStyle>
</DataGridHyperlinkColumn>

private void DG_Hyperlink_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    Hyperlink link = (Hyperlink)e.OriginalSource;
    Process.Start(link.NavigateUri.AbsoluteUri);
}

If the URI points a website it will be opened with the default web-browser, if it is a folder it will be opened in explorer, if it is a file it will be opened with the default application associated with it.

To use this for autogenerated columns your property needs to be of type Uri so a DataGridHyperlinkColumn is generated. You then can hook up the event by placing the style in the DataGrid.Resources:
<DataGrid.Resources>
    <Style TargetType="Hyperlink">
        <EventSetter Event="Click" Handler="DG_Hyperlink_Click"/>
    </Style>
</DataGrid.Resources>

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Samsung Galaxy X2 5G: Full Specs, Release Date, Price, FAQ!
Samsung is one of the few firms that have incomparability in the Smartphone market. Every company's flagship product offers something new, and Samsung just debuted its world's most advanced full-screen mobile, the "Samsung Galaxy X2" which is expected to arrive in 2023.
This phone has a screen-to-body ratio of more than 100 percent. It will be superior to all previous Smartphone designs because it will feature an in-display camera on the front, which Samsung has been developing for some months. In X2, we can expect to see the in-display camera for the first time, and other businesses are working on it as well.
Specs, Features, and Release Date for the Samsung Galaxy X2. 12/16GB RAM, a 7000mAh battery, and a quad-camera (108+16+8MP). What an unusual combo. Let's get some more details.
Samsung Galaxy X2 Specs
Camera Specialty
Samsung Galaxy X2 5G Full Specifications
Samsung Galaxy X2 Release Date
Samsung Galaxy X2 Price
In terms of features, the phone will have a 6.7-inch QHD display protected by Gorilla Glass. A snapdragon 888 5G CPU or an Exynos 8nm chipset will power it.
The Samsung Galaxy X2 5G camera has a 108MP primary lens (f/2.0), a 16MP wide lens (f/2.0), an 8MP ultra-wide sensor (f/2.2), and a TOF 3D camera (f/1.2) for imaging. A front-facing dual 32MP + 8MP lens is also available for taking selfies. As a result, this phone has even more useful functions.
The X2 is powered by a non-removable 7000mAh battery cell that supports rapid charging. The phone, like the company's other top models, will be IP68 certified, ensuring that it is water-resistant.
Samsung's next flagship Galaxy X2 features 16 GB of RAM and two storage options: 256GB and 512GB, as well as the powerful Qualcomm Snapdragon 898 5G CPU.
Many new sensors are included in this Samsung flagship, including fingerprint, Face ID, accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass, and barometer. Samsung's forthcoming flagship, on the other hand, will use Android 13 as its operating system. The rumored primary features of the Samsung Galaxy X2 flagship are listed below.
Don't miss Samsung Galaxy X2 Plus.
The Samsung phone, on the other hand, comes with Android 12 as its operating system with 5G bands speed. This Smartphone incorporates an under-display fingerprint scanner for the highest and most up-to-date security. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS-A/ GPS, 4G VoLTE, and USB Type-C are the connectivity choices on the other hand.
Connectivity: 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G
USB: Yes
EDGE: Yes
GPRS: Yes
USB Type: Type C port
Chipset: Qualcomm Snapdragon 898 5G.
Browser Supports: HTML5
RAM: 12/16 GB
Storage: 256/512 GB
Expandable Storage Upto: 1TB
Rear Camera: Quad 108+16+8MP.
Front Camera: Single 32+8MP lenses for capturing selfies and video calls.
Flash: Yes, LED Flash
Camera Feature: LED Flash, Panorama, HDR
Video Recording: 4k
Videos: 8K@24fps, 4K@30/60fps, 1080p@30/60/240fps, 720p@960fps, HDR10+, stereo
Battery Size: 7000mAh
Battery Type: Li-ion Battery
Removable Battery: No
Fast Charging: Yes
Sim Size: Nano+Nano SIM
Sim Type: GSM+GSM
Dual Sim: Yes
Release Date: Last Q of 2023 (Expected)
Display Size: 6.7 Inch
Display Resolution: 2560 x 3120 pixels
GPS: Yes
Sensors: Light sensor, Proximity sensor, Accelerometer, Compass
Face Unlock: Yes
Fingerprint Sensor: Yes
5mm Headphone Jack: Yes
There is currently no official word on the release date or price of this Smartphone. This Samsung Galaxy X2 device is expected to be released in the fourth quarter of this year (2023), according to rumors. As a result, we must wait for the formal announcement. So, are you ready to accept this Samsung outrage?
Check also Samsung Galaxy X5 Release Date.
So, how much does the Samsung Galaxy X2 cost? The most intriguing aspect is the device's pricing information; this phone will cost somewhat more than the recently released phone. It costs $1000 to $1200as all think
Country Price
Samsung Galaxy X2 5G price in USA $1000
Samsung X2 price in Australia 1,355 Australian Dollar
Galaxy X2 5G price in Canada 1,243 Canadian Dollar
Samsung Galaxy X2 5G price in UK 731 Pound sterling
Galaxy X2 5G price German 862 Germany Euro
Q: Is the Samsung Galaxy X2 for sale?
Answer: There are no scheduled events at this time.
Q: How much does the Samsung Galaxy X2 cost in the United States?
The price range is $999 or $1199
Q: Is the Samsung Galaxy X2 with 5G?
Yes, it is correct.
Q: What new features will be available on the Samsung Galaxy X2 camera?
Answer: front-facing dual-lens selfie camera.
Q: When will you be able to get the Samsung Galaxy X2?
Answer: last months of this 2023 year.
It is our honor you spent time reading Samsung Galaxy X2 Price, Specs, and Features on our website. You can ask any question or inform us of any information related to this phone in the comment box. We will make every effort to provide you with valuable information in response to your feedback. Stay with us.
Disclaimer: The accuracy of the material on this website cannot be assured. On an expected basis, our website takes every challenge to give Upcoming Mobile News.
Samsung Galaxy X2 Plus 2023 Release Date, Full Specs & Price January 29, 2023
Samsung Galaxy X2 Pro: Specs, Price, Release Date, and FAQ! January 29, 2023


Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President-elect, raised the construction of the ' Maya train ' for the promotion of tourism in the southeastern part of Mexico.
However, this plan to bring progress to the Yucatan Peninsula on Rails is not new, in December 2012, Gerardo Ruiz Esparza, Secretary of Communications and Transport of Mexico announced the start-up of the Tans peninsular train, a work of 278 kilometers Length in the states of Quintana Roo and Yucatán; However, three years later the project was cancelled by budgetary constraints.
The idea of opening the route of the ' Maya train ' is to move goods, passengers and national and international tourists along the Mayan Riviera, this project will help to detonate the economic development of the south-east area of the country, one of the zones with greater marginalization in Mexico; He said that this initiative would lead to the creation of new tourist centers, under a development that will guarantee the integration of the native communities, honoring the environment and highlighting the Mayan culture.
The infrastructure project will cost between 120 and 150 billion pesos (from 6.2 to 7.8 billion dollars).
Its construction is planned for the next four years an unprecedented time for a railway work that will cover the main regional tourist destinations such as Cancun, Tulum, Calakmul, Palenque and Chichen Itza; The train will have 45% government investment and 55% private investment, in addition it intends to incorporate the owners of the lands through which the railway will pass as partners, in order to benefit directly from the profitability of the project , the coordinator of the elected government in Quintana Roo, Arturo Abreu Marín, commented in an interview.
To assure the feasibility of the project the participation of the federal government, private companies, small proprietors and Ejidatarios is contemplated. 35 billion pesos are required for the first three years of the construction.
To build it some sections the old railway line of the southeast will be used, it was opened in 1950 by then President Miguel Alemán, according to Jiménez Pons some 600 kilometers of this old infrastructure can be used, the rest will be modernized for the new train that will cross between the jungle region of southeastern Mexico, between lynx and ocelots.
The magnitude of the project could generate more than 3,000 direct jobs during the construction and the permanent number of jobs still impossible to quantify once the railway is operating, the construction project will start in 2019 and the total cost in all stages will be 64.9 million pesos.


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No big winner in Saturday's Powerball drawing; jackpot grows to $550 million
WTVD
NEW YORK -- The Powerball jackpot has grown to more than a half-billion dollars after Saturday's drawing failed to produce a winner.
Saturday's winning numbers were: 14-26-38-45-46- Powerball:13
The Mega Millions jackpot is even bigger, sparking lottery fever across the country.
Here's what you need to know about both prizes:
The Powerball jackpot had grown to $550 million (cash value: $411.4 million) by Sunday morning, the largest potential prize since March 2019.
Powerball officials say it could be the 9th largest top prize in the game's history.
The next drawing will be held on Wednesday, January 13.
Even though no one won the big prize, two tickets matched all five white balls to win $1 million. Those tickets were sold in Pennsylvania and Florida.
The Powerball jackpot was last hit in New York in the Sept. 16, 2020 drawing.
"It's been a couple of years since the games have simultaneously offered jackpots this large, and our players are here for it," said May Scheve Reardon, chair of the Powerball Product Group and Executive Director of the Missouri Lottery.
The Powerball game is played in 45 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands.
The Mega Millions jackpot reached $600 million for the fourth time ever in history.
Many lottery players are hoping for their chance at fortune as no ticket matched all six numbers drawn Friday night.
Friday's winning numbers were: 18, 3, 58, 16, 6 and a Megaball of 11.
Even though no one won the Mega Millions jackpot earlier this week, five tickets match all five white balls, making players in California, Georgia, Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York millionaires.
Four of the winners won $1 million, and the winner from New York bought the optional Megaplier, bumping their prize up to $2 million.
Our sister station WABC-TV reported that the $2 million winning ticket was bought at Citgo Mart in Middletown, Orange County, and a $1 million winning ticket was sold at Masso's Deli & Pizzeria in Gibbsboro, New Jersey.
RELATED: Powerball crowns 2021's 1st millionaire during New Year's Rockin' Eve
Just after midnight, Jessie James Decker announced which finalist won the payout of a lifetime on "New Year's Rockin' Eve."
The odds of matching all five numbers and the Powerball number is 1 in about 293 million, according to the Multi-State Lottery Association. The overall chance of winning a prize is 1 in 24.87.
Mega Millions tickets are sold in 44 states plus the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
The next drawing is on Tuesday.
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Mega Millions jackpot at $750M for drawing tonight
Powerball now $640M and Mega Millions reaches $750M
Mega Millions jackpot grows to $750M after no winner
Durham COVID-19 nurse wins $1M to start 2021
As COVID-19 surges, disproportionalities in infections shrink
LATEST: Wake County to roll out vaccine phone line, website
UNC Rex leader says workers frustrated with complexity of vaccine process
Raleigh police prepare, offer tips for possible protests
Fayetteville Police investigate shooting that left 1 dead, 1 injured
Official: No 'direct evidence' of plot to kill at Capitol
100 more NC National Guardsmen to deploy to D.C. for Inauguration
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The definitive resource on Kodak Photo CD.
My main camera. Review and tips.
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All the bolts looked like new, the top does not seem to have ever been off.
I found this on the rail?
What the hell is this? I have never seen a 40 with this a different color.
My 79 had something similar..
A different tan on the rail tops. I think they were just lazy when it was painted at the factory..
looks like primer to me. She was painted green with the top on?
That is exactly how my 79 is. I think they painted the trucks when the top was installed so the rail never received color.
I thought 40s were painted at the factory with the tops on.
Mine is the same way. They painted it with the top on at the factory. You'll find other places like that on your truck too. I took my top off to get the restore process rolling. When I repaint I'll do it in pieces.
Think of it as "two tone". Some people pay extra for it.
Same on my 12/78. Factory toyota primer color.
I'll confirm what everyone else has said. I bought my '78 new and found the same thing (mine is more of a gray color) when I pulled the top off for the first time. The bodies were painted with the hard top on.
Hmm, they used different colors for different years. Mine was puke green.
The 77 I had was like that. Except it was black, then green with black overspray under the lip of the top, then primer where the top bolted on. It looked super groovy when I took the top off. Although I found a gm truck dark green spray paint (my original color on the 77 was the same as yours) that matched almost perfect. Sprayed the whole rig with it. Then rolled the truck 3 days later.
My white 79 fj40 had the puke green color under there when I pulled the top. I was disappointd as well. Until I repainted the whole thing.
My 76 was the same way just to concur with all the others. At least it wasn't rust when you you pulled it off. Nice meeting you the other night at LSLC.
Great to get this cleared up. I just pulled the top off mine, and think it was the first time ever coming off. My FJ40 is tan, and the edge was a very different tan (like the color in the above picture). I thought the paint must have REALLY oxidized.
They actually used different primer colors in the SAME YEAR as base coats for different colours.
I have an 82 FJ40 which is Freeborn Red. Same tan primer is also visible if you remove the running boards on each side.
my 69 has a blue(po paint) then a dark brown(original?)then a light brown the a rust/dark red(primer) i think?


A woman's ivory earrings (in the shape of halibut) are connected by a necklace of glass beads that hang below the chin.
Virginia Minock: Tangerlallruunga miklua. Cakneq tangsugnarqut.
Joan Hamilton: They were kept on it for a very long time. You can tell by dirt.
John Phillip, Sr.: Naternaraumeng-am taum pilillrullinia una.
John Phillip, Sr.: Ukatmun aturyarauluni wii tangllemni wani-wa. Ukuk wani elaqliulutek.
Neva Rivers: Iqataneng makut apraqait. Iqataq makut nuveviit.
Joan Hamilton: Kiirrmeng-q' arnat makucinek aturlallruut? Wallu-q' angutet aturyumaluki?
John Phillip, Sr.: Angutnek tangeqsaitua makucinek arnanek taugaam.
1. This entry includes discussion of similar item E3340332.
2. Iqatat—plural of iqataq—"separators" are "pieces strung between beads on necklaces" (Fienup-Riordan 2005).
Yup'ik Elder Annie Blue of Togiak gave the name agluirutet for earrings that are connected with strands of beads.(1) This set was collected on Nunivak Island in 1927.


Have been busy working extended graveyard hours this week. But, I think I have an answer to the question relative to whether coffee is acidic, neutral, or alkaline.
I've gone back over all of my notes, searched through Dr Revici's book, and a couple of other references I think have credibility on this subject.
First, it is obvious that coffee is an acidic drink. It's reported pH ranges from 4-5, with anything below a 7 being acidic.
Although its effect will vary greatly depending how much consumed, there is a real interesting fact that comes into play, I think.
Coffee's mixture of acids appears to me to be ripe for being able to contribute to the formation of a complex buffer system that could theoretically center around any one of several acidic pH points, depending on the interplay of the acids in the coffee with other acidic compounds found in it and your blood. If consumed in high enough quantities, the coffee could thus cause the formation of a buffered pH system that would resist changes. Of course, the body's compensatory systems would win out and force the pH to normal physiological levels, but that battle for pH center point would undoubtedly affect other body systems.
If you're interested in the acids found in coffee you can check out this reference – http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4036337 .
Dr Revici doesn't directly address coffee in his book, but William Kelley Eidem clearly described what he claims is a diagnostic test defined by Dr Revici for determining whether your body is 'catabolic' or 'anabolic' that employs coffee and poached eggs. If drinking coffee and eating a poached egg in the morning makes you feel worse you may have an anabolic offset. In support of that discussion he lists coffee as being an anabolic 'food', meaning that drinking it might make you feel worse, which would infer an offset that gets worse when acids are consumed.
Complicating this analysis is the fact that Dr Revici also lists caffeine as an ANTI-anabolic agent… But, if William Kelley Eidem is describing Dr Revici's test with fidelity it seems clear that the pH of the coffee will most likely swamp out the anti-anabolic effect exerted by the caffeine.
I have read William Kelley Eidem's 'The Doctor Who Cures Cancer' and 'The Man Who Cures Cancer' books, and I believe it most probable that he is repeating what he was told by Dr Revici with fidelity.
99% of all foods are acidic on the north side of the mouth.
The "acidity" of coffee is an industry term (unrelated to acid-base values).
Carol, I have been immersed in Revici's teachings, and those of his proteges, for years, and have read his book at least four times (it's that difficult, linguistically). What I have heard, and observed with my own sequential urine pH testing, is that coffee is biphasic, having an initial acidification effect which is quite strong, and a later alkalinization effect, which is moderately strong but lasts for up to half a day. I believe the acidification effect is from thermogenic effects on mitochondria, and the alkaline effect is the standard effect of plant products / extracts. But I also entertain the possibility that oxidized lipids from roasting play to acidification.
I believe this biphasic response is the basis for the timing of "coffee breaks" in the Western workplace: every two hours. This is the timeframe for coffee's acidification-aerobic-catabolic effect to switch to alkalinization-anaerobic-anabolic. I hope this belated response makes it to you.
Tried to send you an email at crazy pharmacist@crazypharmacist.com as per one of your Revici responses but came back to me as undeliverable?
Hi Steve, just wanted to say thanks for making available this master piece of Revici's work.
I have been looking for a copy of this book, off and on since being made aware of his work at a biomedx course some years ago.
I am enjoying the other info you have on your site as well, I am in the natural health care field and have noted the going lack of reputable info on the net.
Thank you for putting this book out for all to read. This material is accurate and can be worked BUT the AMA does not find it profitable so they resist it. I could talk for days to you about this. I would rather do it over the phone. I have this book and have been studying it for years. If you wish to chat please call, 24/hours day, 7 days a week, at 301.927.1567. If I'm not home my electronic elf will pick up after 7 rings.
Cancer is not cured, ham is. Dr. Revici's work allows the body through a healthy terrain (immune system) to heal itself.
I am into holistic integrated medicine and want to understand Revici´s method.


text:
Hourglass Economy is an economy that produces more upper and lower classes, causing a decline in the middle class. An example would be during the Industrial Revolution when the introduction of efficient machinery created stratification of the classes with more lower paying unskilled jobs. This can be seen when the peak of a particular business model is growing and the antapex is growing drawing the middle in tighter and tighter.

In the United States

In the United States of America, the American middle class must pursue higher income or face stagnation due to policy passed by government. Less borrowing to relatively risky businesses, less availability of making large capital gains as well as rising inflation. Commodities are at record levels, keeping the large companies maintaining record profits, while the middle class are paying more for all this, as the primary consumers of goods, and falling into the bottom of the hourglass.

Citigroup's analysts have labeled the American economy a "consumer hourglass economy."  The wealthy are doing fine, while the number of those living in poverty grows, and the middle is disappearing. New poverty figures show a big jump in the number of poorest Americans. Meanwhile, the middle class is disappearing.

In Canada

Professor Thomas J. Courchene of Queen's University proposes that federal cutbacks of provincial transfers to social services since 1995 has caused significant fiscal imbalances.  These funding cuts forced the provinces to make cutbacks in nearly every provincial jurisdiction, except healthcare because cutting healthcare funding would be political suicide, but this left almost every other provincial jurisdiction, including cities which are creations of the provinces, with reduced and often insufficient funding.  However, in the meantime, the federal government has been providing greater funds to social programs but they have been bypassing the provinces and giving the money directly to cities and/or citizens.  This allows the federal government to fund provincial jurisdictions directly causing the provinces to become "the squeezed middle of the division-of-powers hourglass".

Courchene defines Hourglass Federalism as "Ottawa's use of the spending power and other instruments to fiscally starve the provinces and then to make an end run around them to deal directly with cities and citizens alike, leaving the provinces of the squeezed middle of the division-of-powers hourglass".

Notes

References

 Courchene, T.J. (2004, April). Hourglass Federalism – How the Feds got the Provinces to Run out of Money in a Decade of Liberal Budgets. Institute for Research on Public Policy. Retrieved October 5, 2009, from https://web.archive.org/web/20091116102503/http://www.irpp.org/po/archive/apr04/courchene.pdf
 Courchene, T.J. (2004, April 21). Senate Committee on National Finance: Opening Statement. Institute for Research on Public Policy. Retrieved October 5, 2009, from https://web.archive.org/web/20110611230751/http://www.irpp.org/miscpubs/archive/20040421TC.pdf
 Courchene, T.J. (2005, May 4). Vertical and Horizontal Fiscal Imbalances: An Ontario Perspective. Institute for Research on Public Policy. Retrieved October 5, 2009, from https://web.archive.org/web/20110611230756/http://www.irpp.org/miscpubs/archive/tjc_050504.pdf

Economic systems


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text:
Essay The Great Pandemic Depression by Hans Ibelings
The Great Pandemic Depression
by Hans Ibelings
In the light of global warming, it is not so much the impact of the Great Pandemic Depression we should be concerned about, but rather what the global warming means for the future of humanity
The idea that the pipe dreams of intellectuals will come true now that we have a pandemic is just another form of wishful thinking. As Bas Heijne, a Dutch public intellectual, has recently put it, everybody is predicting a post-pandemic future that meets their own worldview. Anti-globalists foresee the collapse of globalization, climate activists consider this as a moment to take decisive action on global warming. Anti-capitalists see this as a chance to end the Neo-liberal myth of free markets and small governments. Etcetera.
After reading his piece in a newspaper in March I have become very reluctant to give my two-cents on anything. But still, thank you for asking. I would wish the pandemic triggers a rethink, and will change our environmentally destructive behaviour. But I am not certain it will happen, or at least not enough to save us from ecological collapse. Yet, there are glimmers of hope. Even for me as a frequent flyer (and knowing it affects the livelihood of many people), I somehow like the prospect that it will take years for airlines to recover, particularly if in the meantime it becomes clear it is unsustainable and morally questionable to board a plane for what will be increasingly seen as frivolous and unnecessary reasons. It may give us time to break a very bad habit.
If this sounds naive, or stupid, to my defense, our current collective lockdown has affected me mentally. And I think I am not alone. I am sorry to say that I cannot escape the impression that many of the brightest minds seem locked down as well. This is perhaps the smartest observation I have to offer right now.
For the rest, I don't know what will happen. The only thing I can do as an historian is what I am trained to do: to look back. And then I can see that the penultimate pandemic, at the end of the First World War, heralded an unprecedented cultural period. I cannot evaluate causations and correlations (see mental lockdown above); I also realize that many great avant-garde movements, from Cubism and Futurism to Expressionism and Constructivism, predated the Spanish Flu, and the Great War. But the period right after, produced architectural marvels like Le Corbusier's villas, Ginzburg's Narkomfin Building, Mies van der Rohe's Barcelona Pavilion and Tugendhat House, Gropius' Bauhaus, Brinkman & Van der Vlugt's Van Nelle Factory, the Weissenhofsiedlung, Schindler's Schindler-Chace House, Asplund's Stockholm library, Rietveld's Schröder House, and please feel free to add some of your own favourites to this list.
Then came the Great Depression, which had a disastrous effect on economies and societies, and the life of people, but still, great architecture prevailed in the 1930s. More villas of Le Corbusier, Wright's Fallingwater and Johnson Wax, Terragni's Casa del Fascio, Chareau & Bijvoet's Maison de verre, Lubetkin's Penguin Pool, Aalto's Paimio Sanatorium, Van Alen's Chrysler Building, Hood and Harrison's Rockefeller Centre, the early work of Niemeyer, and so forth. (Please fill in your favourites again).
If there is any lesson to be drawn from history, it could be this: Despite the building industry's dependency of the economy, architecture can survive severe recessions. So, based on passed events it cannot be inferred that the pending Great Depression will have a negative effect on architectural culture. Nobody is expecting that art, literature or music will get worse, so why would one be concerned for architecture? It may be bad for architects, but that is not the same. The conditions under which architecture is produced may change, but it remains to be seen if this will be detrimental at all for its quality and significance.
If there is any lesson to be drawn from history, it could be this: Despite the building industry's dependency of the economy, architecture can survive severe recessions
Regarding the pandemic, I have no idea if, and for how long, I will feel uncomfortable in public spaces but I hope that Amara's law (1) of technological innovations may apply here: that we tend to overestimate the effect in the short run. In lockdown and isolation, the pandemic is a profound disruption of our lives, but just as normalcy returned after the epidemics that hit many European cities well into the late 19th century, it may be premature to completely change the practice of urban planning and architecture. The second part of Amara's law is that we underestimate the long-term impact. I certainly like to keep the option open that in the long run the pandemic's effect will be larger than we now can imagine, in our mental lockdown.
Notwithstanding the pandemic and economic depression, and unrelated to both, there is an undeniable and unchanged urgency to address the environmental crisis. The world of architecture might be fine in the near future, but the planet won't. And here our behaviour in the pandemic may offer not so much guidance as a caveat. The pandemic has shown, in country after country, the near-universal human incapacity to act decisively until it is almost too late. It could offer a — last — warning that we should get real with climate action before we are completely overwhelmed by it.
In the light of global warming, it is not so much the impact of the Great Pandemic Depression we should be concerned about, but rather what the global warming means for the future of humanity.
I find it hard to imagine what the global warming future of architecture could entail. My way to try to comprehend where we are, and where we are heading, is to go back to where we came from (I know, this is self-serving for a historian). After the successful global turn of architectural history during the last decades, away from a predominantly Western, and usually Eurocentric, focus, I believe it is now time for a global warming turn of architectural history. A reading of the recent history of architecture through the lens of humankind's increasing ecological footprint.
After the successful global turn of architectural history during the last decades, I believe it is now time for a global warming turn of architectural history
For this it is necessary to return to Europe, the continent where modern architecture and global warming originated, both ignited by the Industrial Revolution. Given modern architecture's reliance on the Industrial Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution's complicity to global warming, a history of modern architecture in this day and age can no longer simply continue to repeat the familiar narrative of the Industrial Revolution as the source and driver of architectural innovation. In addition to what is gained in the ongoing process of "creative destruction" (2), to use the term of economist Joseph Schumpeter, a global warming history has to take stock of the destructive creativity of architecture as well.
This is not intended as a blame game, no matter how much the West, modern architecture, and building activities in general, have contributed to today's ecological crisis. The aim is to outline a history of global warming which could help to understand how we have ended up here and to raise ethical and political questions what to think of architecture, in the knowledge that it is simultaneously a means to make the world a better place and detrimental to the planet's future.
In addition to offering new interpretations of canonical modern architecture and to question if and how forms of architecture which are evidently bad for the environment, such as brutalism, should be appreciated aesthetically, a global warming history will also amend the canon, by highlighting what is commonly omitted from general histories, ranging from the geological inspirations of Henri Hobson Richardson to the bioregionalism of Patrick Geddes; from Otto Koenigsberger's studies of tropical architecture to Ken Yeang's bioclimatic work; from Kenzo Tange and Frei Otto's Arctic project to Troppo's regionally responsive architecture, from the New Alchemists' Arks, to Diller & Scofidio's Blur Building.
This much I can predict: such a Global Warming History of Architecture will keep me busy for a while.
"We tend to overestimate the effect of a technology in the short run and underestimate the effect in the long run", Roy Amara (1925-2007), head of the Institute for the Future (1971–90)
"Creative destruction refers to the incessant product and process innovation mechanism by which new production units replace outdated ones", Joseph Schumpeter (1883-1950), Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (1942)
Hans Ibelings, "The Great Pandemic Depression", TRANSFER Global Architecture Platform, May 2020. Accessed 20 Jan 2021.
https://www.transfer-arch.com/transfer-next/the-great-pandemic-depression/
21.May.2020 419 views
Hans Ibelings
Hans Ibelings (Rotterdam, 1963) is an architectural historian and critic. He teaches at the Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design of the University of Toronto and is editor and publisher of the Architecture Observer. Before moving to Canada in 2012 he was editor and publisher of A10 new European architecture, an Amsterdam-based magazine he founded together with graphic designer Arjan Groot. Ibelings has written a number of books, including Supermodernism: Architecture in the Age of Globalization, European Architecture since 1890, and several monographs. He is currently co-editing (with Boris Brorman Jensen) a book on the early work of Danish architects Knud Friis and Elmar Moltke, and writing A Global Warming History of Modern Architecture.
www.architectureobserver.eu/
Epidemiology, Urban Planning, and the European City
Current discussions around the "Smart City" and "Living Lab" concepts indicate that Europe's planning culture will change fundamentally as a result of the coronavirus. Epidemiology and urban planning have both a common history and future
by Sascha Roesler
Postcard from a Place called Grief
by Bram Lattré
Maybe it's Time…
Maybe this as a unique opportunity to place architecture as a discipline that cares for others, irrespective of the idea of growth. Architecture as research into social interactions and their possible outcomes
by Camilo Restrepo


Yes you can! The A2B service can be configured to use input and output ASIO streams, which can be set up in SoundCheck the same as any other ASIO hardware. The device name will be "A2B ASIO" and the channels will be dependent on the ASIO streams configured in the Mentor software. The first time you set up the SoundCheck hardware table, the ASIO streams must be running in the A2B Analyzer service.
The first step is to create a session file using the A2B Analyzer Application to configure the networks and nodes that will be used. The A2B Analyzer Application can then be closed. Next, open the A2B Analyzer Service. Load in the session file created by the Application and start the streams. This will allow you to select the appropriate channels in SoundCheck hardware. Make sure to also match sample rate and bit depth in SoundCheck with your A2B Audio Stream configuration. After the hardware table has been saved, it will not need to be changed in the future.
Attached to this article is a custom VI which can help integrate A2B testing into a SoundCheck sequence. This requires SoundCheck 16 to run.
With SoundCheck closed, copy "MentorA2B Editor.vi", "MentorA2B.vi", and "A2B.llb" to the SoundCheck > System > Custom VIs folder. Open SoundCheck. Open a new sequence, and under Step Templates in the sequence editor right click on "Custom" and select "New...". Type in MentorA2B and click OK. The custom step can now be inserted into a SoundCheck sequence like any other step.
This custom step has three functions to help facilitate A2B testing in SoundCheck. These are selected in the Action drop down menu.
Startup will load a A2B session file (*.ses file type) into the A2B Analyzer Service. This is helpful if different SoundCheck sequences require different A2B network or node configurations. This requires session files to be created ahead of time using the A2B Analyzer Application, but does not require the application to be opened. Run the A2B Analyzer Service and confirm the port number used. The Service will need to be running in the background during all A2B testing.
This port number is 3030.
In SoundCheck, drag the MentorA2B custom step into the sequence. Double click to open the editor, and select "Startup" from the Action dropdown. Point to the session file in the configuration file explorer, and enter the port number below. When this step runs, the configuration file will be loaded into the A2B Analyzer Service.
The other two options will start and stop the ASIO streams in the Service. Disconnecting devices from the A2B Automotive Audio Bus while ASIO streams are running can cause some issues with the streams. To safely disconnect and reconnect new hardware between runs, place a Start ASIO stream custom step at the beginning of your sequence after the startup step an place a Stop ASIO stream step at the end of the sequence.