text:
Examining Systems Output Controls
by James Bone
in Featured, Risk
Technology has become ubiquitous in the processing of millions of business transactions. Computer programs and analytical software have contributed to major increases in productivity, consistency and accuracy of today's work product. Output controls ensure that computer programs process these transactions accurately and produce the results we expect to see. But what happens when things go wrong or undetected for long periods of time? We place tremendous faith in the accurate operation of these varied output controls. So what happens when system controls themselves are inadvertently changed without the proper authorization, testing, or verification?
System output controls are primarily automated controls but may include manual controls as well. Examples include controls that ensure holiday calendars accurately reflect current or future dates, proxy tabulations are cross-referenced with share counts and customer accounts, data is transmitted without change, and customer confirmations and account statements are complete. Manual controls may include macro uploads from excel spreadsheets into system databases for further processing. Or a manual step required to add a metadata tag to a file to ensure the correct information is posted to a website.
Why should I worry about output controls?
The following are a few examples that should illuminate the importance of focusing on output controls.
In March 2008, the Tokyo Stock Exchange stock trading system failed.
"The fundamental cause was the fact that the TSE did not adequately verify that the setting values that had been appropriate until this point were still currently effective and will continue to be effective in the future. The settings were not appropriate given the environmental change brought about by factors such as the enhanced processing capacity of both the Stock Trading System and trading participants' systems, as well as participants' diversified order placement methods."
In the Washington post, February 7, 2004, a headline read "Shuttle Again Fails to Deploy Satellite as the Guidance System Malfunctions"
A headline from a Associated Press report from August 7, 2009, read "Airspeed Systems Failed on US Jets" . On at least a dozen recent flights by U.S. jetliners, malfunctioning equipment made it impossible for pilots to know how fast they were flying, federal investigators have discovered.
Remember the Y2K scare? Businesses spent millions of dollars to ensure that a simple change of the calendar from 1999 to 2000 would not shut down computer systems the world over! The lessons of Y2K are informative when thinking about the costs and complexity of system output controls. Namely, the expense of Y2K remediation could have been avoided had businesses incorporated a regular output controls assessment protocol .
Was Y2K a waste of money, or a prudent investment to ensure the smooth transition the world experienced? The answer to that question is beyond the analysis of this article. However, to prevent your own mini Y2K scare, now and in the future, it is critical to incorporate an annual periodic review of output controls into your toolkit of internal controls over financial reporting and operations.
Output Controls: Opportunities and challenges
The good news is that performing a review of output controls is not an expensive or labor intensive exercise. One should be able to tackle a few critical output controls each year until you have covered the key controls. The reviews can be conducted in weeks, not months and the intelligence gleamed from these exercises will help to improve your overall control environment.
To start, define the scope of the output controls review. One simple way to decide is to start with the most critical "customer output controls". (Customer confirmations, monthly financial statements, prospectus delivery, web site controls, etc.) More complex output controls may include system application interfaces with spreadsheets and other upstream applications or change controls for financial databases.
These more complex output controls should be segregated into critical categories such as financial output controls, operations output controls, administrative output controls, or maintenance output controls where one system relies on the accuracy of another system to process data or complete transactional processing. Segregating these controls allows you to prioritize and easily manage the cycle of your review of these controls.
If you conduct annual SysTrust or SAS 70 audits, some of these controls will be tested as part of the independent exams performed by external auditors. External auditors increasingly rely on systems controls for assurance that financial controls are operating effectively. However, one should not rely solely on these examinations to assure themselves that all of their critical output controls are covered.
Once you have identified the scope of your review, assemble a small team of subject matter experts to begin the assessment process. Start with a simple assessment map of the controls: input, activity, output. Your SMEs should be able to determine who is accountable for the control, how the control is suppose to work, how to validate or test its accuracy, and to provide policies and procedures that ensure the controls are operating as designed.
Developing a visual map is critical to ensure all are in agreement that the key controls are presented in entirety and no gaps exist. Visual maps also help illuminate inter-dependencies across departments or other, more formal business line accountabilities. (Think of how many times one department believed another ensured the accuracy of data, only to find otherwise when a serious failure occurred.) Documenting in narrative form the controls and handoffs serves to clarify the controls operation and strengthen gaps that may exist.
The level of detail that one chooses to use is critical here. I would suggest that the reviews and details remain high level enough to ensure that an accurate representation of the controls map show the key controls and accountabilities. The goal of the exercise is to gain assurance that the output controls are accurate and operating effectively. "How do you know" questions typically lead to the desired response. The level of detail is subjective to the SMEs performing the assessment and the level of assurance one obtains from the documentation, reports, or tests performed on the controls.
Don't repeat your own Y2K
A mini Y2K may exist at many firms in the form of service recoveries, customer rebates for inaccurate calculations, or financial statement restatements. How can these errors be avoided? By implementing a regular health check on your systems output controls you can reduce or eliminate a significant number of these problems.
In today's fast paced environment where staff changes due to downsizing, business challenges and other demands adversely impact technology we must ensure that changes to our systems are truly understood end to end. If we fail to remember to ensure that one simple change in one application can have serious implications downstream in other applications we begin to build our own Y2K event down the road. There are many examples of a systems change in Year 1 not having an impact until Year 3 due to a change in product features not contemplated when the change occurred. If one is not re-validating assumptions about the operations of output controls IT professionals must be skeptical that business as usual is good enough!
James Bone founded Global Compliance Associates, LLC after more than 20 years in financial services to provide advanced compliance and operational risk approaches to firms seeking to enhance or build a compliance framework beyond the current "COSO" risk model.
James has successfully developed analytical approaches that quantify operational risk, audit, and compliance events to proactively model key controls and processes. Global Compliance Associates, LLC also works with third-party vendors to provide compliance, audit, and risk talent to address targeted or long-term internal control projects.
IT Security Series Part 1: Information Security Best Practices
Internal Control Checklist: 5 Anti-Fraud Strategies to Deter, Prevent and Detect Fraud
James Bone
James Bone's career has spanned 29 years of management, financial services and regulatory compliance risk experience with Frito-Lay, Inc., Abbot Labs, Merrill Lynch, and Fidelity Investments. James founded Global Compliance Associates, LLC and TheGRCBlueBook in 2009 to consult with global professional services firms, private equity investors, and risk and compliance professionals seeking insights in governance, risk and compliance ("GRC") leading practices and best in class vendors.
James is a frequent speaker at industry conferences and contributing writer for Compliance Week and Corporate Compliance Insights and serves as faculty presenter and independent consultant for several global consulting firms specializing in governance, risk and compliance, IT compliance and the GRC vendor market. James created TheGRCBlueBook.com to provide risk and compliance professionals with transparency into the GRC vendor marketplace by creating a forum for writing reviews on GRC products and sharing success stories on the risk practices that are most effective. James is currently attending Harvard Extension School for a Master of Arts in Management with an emphasis in accounting and finance. James received an honorary PhD in Letters from Drury University in Springfield, Missouri and is a member of the Breech Business School Hall of Fame as well as the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame. Having graduated from the Boston University Graduate School of Education, James received his M.Ed. in Management and Organizational Design in 1997 and a Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration from Drury University in 1980.
Cyber Risk Quantification and Prioritization is the Future of GRC
FinCEN's Proposed Changes to the Recordkeeping and Travel Rule Thresholds
Adverse Media Screening: Relying on Google Alone Can Expose Organizations to Risk
A Culture of Compliance: The 3 R's


Now, private practices can benefit from the exceptional image quality, speed and flexibility of digital x-ray. Fujifilm, the inventor of digital x-ray, has a complete offering of computed radiography (CR) and direct radiography (DR) imaging solutions built with your practice in mind.
Find Fujifilm Private Practice on Facebook!


The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), also known as the hamadryad, is a venomous snake species in the family Elapidae, endemic to forests from India through Southeast Asia. It is threatened by habitat destruction and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 2010. It is the world's longest venomous snake.
A few years ago, Colt jumped back into the revolver market with the Cobra in .38 Special. This stainless-steel revolver containing six rounds impressed shooters. However, it wasn't long before some started clamoring for a .357 Magnum version. The company has responded with the Colt King Cobra.


text:
Pierre Eyckens ou Peter Ykens, dit le Vieux (né vers 1648 à Anvers, mort vers 1695) est un peintre flamand principalement connu pour ses tableaux historiques et ses portraits.

Biographie
Il est né à Anvers, fils de Johannes Ykens, sculpteur et peintre, et de sa seconde épouse Barbara Brekevelt. Il est baptisé le . Il est le frère du peintre de fleurs Catarina Ykens II. Il est formé par son père.

Selon le biographe français Jean-Baptiste Descamps, Ykens a l'intention, comme tant d'autres de ses compatriotes, de se rendre à Rome, mais il se marie et puis abandonne l'idée du voyage en Italie. Descamps écrit ensuite qu'il essaye de compenser cet échec en étudiant des gravures d'après des œuvres italiennes, des antiquités italiennes et des reliefs en plâtre pour affiner ses connaissances.

Son épouse est Maria Anna van Bredael, fille du peintre Peeter van Bredael, et leur marriage est consacré le . Le couple a 11 ou peut-être 13 enfants. Il est admis dans l'année de guilde 1673-1674 comme maître de la Guilde de Saint-Luc d'Anvers.Sa carrière ne décolle pas immédiatement et les premières années, il travaille pour Antoon van Leyen, un échevin d'Anvers,  à un tarif journalier. Peu à peu, sa fortune s'améliore et il reçoit des commandes de retables à Anvers et à Malines. Il peint également des portraits, dont un portrait du roi Charles II d'Espagne. Il reçoit également des commandes pour la conception de tapisseries. En 1689, il est élu doyen de la Guilde de Saint-Luc.

Il forme 28 élèves dont Karel Breydel, Erasmus Causse, Gaspaer Janssens, Jan Thomas van Kessel, Henderick van Mael, Francis Scalie, Jan Baptist Kretsaert et Jacob Leyssens.

Son fils aîné Jan Frans devient un peintre de staffage qui collabore avec des peintres de natures mortes de fleurs et de fruits.

Travaux

Il peint des portraits et des représentations religieuses chrétiennes et réalise un grand nombre de retables et de tableaux pour les églises et la bourgeoisie locale.

Comme c'était la coutume à Anvers à l'époque, il a souvent travaillé avec d'autres peintres spécialisés dans des genres particuliers. Il est connu pour avoir collaboré avec Gaspar Pieter Verbruggen l'Ancien, Gaspar Pieter Verbruggen le Jeune, Jan Pauwel Gillemans le Jeune, Jan Baptist de Crépu et Jacob Melchior van Herck, tous spécialistes des natures mortes de fleurs, et Ferdinand van Kessel, un paysagiste. Il peignait le staffage tandis que ces artistes apportaient les éléments de nature morte ou de paysage aux compositions.

Il a fourni des dessins pour les ateliers de tapisserie. On estime qu'il a collaboré avec Pieter Spierinckx (1635-1711) sur le dessin d'Orphée jouant de la lyre à Hadès et Perséphone (une scène d'Orphée et Eurydice ou Les Métamorphoses) qui a été tissé vers 1685 dans l'atelier Wauters à Anvers. Il a également produit une série de six cartons d'après des estampes de Charles Lebrun représentant l'Histoire d'Alexandre et Darius.

Une sélection d'œuvres
Ses tableaux les plus remarquables sont :
 La dispute de Sainte-Catherine contre les docteurs païens, Musée royal des Beaux-Arts d'Anvers
 La Cène (Église Saint-André d'Anvers)
 Portrait de Jan Basptist Greyns, diacre de la Guilde de Saint Luc et de l'Olijftak, Musée royal des Beaux-Arts d'Anvers

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Naissance à Anvers
Peintre flamand (avant 1830)
Peintre belge du XVIIe siècle
Peintre d'art sacré
Peintre d'histoire
Date de naissance non renseignée (XVIe siècle)
Date de décès non renseignée (XVIIe siècle)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Just as midwives exist to help with birth at home, midwives also exist to help with caring for the dead at home. Merilynne Rush is a skilled midwife in both rhelms. As a Home Funeral Guide, she educates those interested in caring for their own dead loved ones.
In her own words: "I want to help people care for their own loved one during this time if that is right for them and what they desire. Just as I believe that birth can take place in the home and be an intimate family experience, I believe that home visitation or home funeral can be the best way for individuals or families to engage in the process of caring for and saying good-bye to their loved one."
How do you begin the overwhelming task of caring for the dead?
It is very important to educate yourself and plan ahead. If you don't know your options and have family support, it is very difficult to have a home funeral.
How have you prepared yourself for this service?
I have taken a training with a very experienced Home Funeral Guide and networked with other "death midwives" all over the country. I have also learned most of what I know from the families I have had the privilege to attend.
What is the greatest lesson you've learned in caring for the dead?
We are all individual and no one type of funeral is suitable for everyone. When families are given permission and support, they have amazing strength to discover how to do it themselves in a way that is very meaningful and healing for them.
Do I have to belong to a specific religion to have my beliefs honored in death?
Absolutely not. The beauty of being at home is that you are surrounded by your own support system and can do what is important for you and your family at this very special time.
What is the simplest way I can make a funeral "green"?
Do not embalm (requires home funeral if visitation is desired). Do not cremate (uses incredible amount of fossil fuel). Find a cemetery that will allow burial without cement vault, or certify your own family cemetery.
How do I know if my desires are legal?
Do the research. There's so many misconceptions about this. A conventional funeral director won't know all the answers.
What can I do to help my family plan to care for my body after death?
Tell them what you want, have a family meeting, be informed, plan ahead. This is what I help families do. It's really quire simple, and inexpensive, and I believe, healthy for us all. But it requires an openness to old/new ways.
Here's version one, yet to be fine-tuned into version two soon. I want to call it "green" but I cringe at labels. This casket more mature than a buzz word. So mature that it may be closer to the caskets of years past.
...and was tested with more than 500 pounds hanging continuously for three days, with periods of another 160 pounds put into it, bring the total testing load to nearly 700 pounds. Allthewhile being shaken, pushed, pulled, swung by various members of our quality control team (see past post).


text:
Our book club celebrates border culture and highlights great authors from the region.
DA Yvonne Rosales
About El Paso Matters
Donations to El Paso Matters
Tips, Submissions
El Paso Matters
ElPasoMatters_menu
ICE deportation flights continue out of El Paso airport despite COVID-19
by Special to El Paso Matters May 9, 2020 July 7, 2022
Immigration and Customs Enforcement detainees board a deportation flight at El Paso International Airport. (Photo by Justin Hamel)
By Honora Spicer
Boeing Drive is the back alley parallel to Montana Avenue. Montana is the glamour of rapid transit — auto dealerships with balloons, car washes and detail services, El Paso International Airport terminal signage, your choice of fast food. Boeing Drive is the underbelly of rapid transit for the elite — self-storage units, airport fuel tanks, postal vehicle maintenance, airline offices, Customs and Border Protection General Aviation Facility.
Honora Spicer teaches history at El Paso Community College.
The east end of Boeing Drive T's into a sandy scrub lot lined with "no trespassing signs." Behind the fence across the lot are the sand-colored units of the El Paso Service Processing Center, a detention center operated by Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
These roads are site of flight and exchange and in equal measure site of enclosure. From Boeing Drive, it's not difficult to identify the ICE buses lined up on the airport tarmac beyond the barbed-wire chain link fence on the north side of the street.
These are the same ICE buses which no longer drop migrants off at shelters in groups of 50 or 100, people who were on their way to stay with family members in the United States. They are the ICE buses which continue to wear down the road inside the detention center in asphalt loops, pulling in and out.
Preparations for a deportation flight
When I pull over on Boeing Drive, I can see the blue tail of the SwiftAir plane, one of the charter airlines for ICE deportation flights. This flight is taking off for Honduras at 10:02 a.m.
There is a smaller jet on the tarmac behind it near rows of hangars. This is the corner of the airport for chartered flights, for flights seemingly outside the parameters of public transparency. I watch through two fences the routine business of neon-vested workers loading vessels into the plane. I live at a time when passenger air travel is taken for granted, so the back and forth of intricate loading and checking which enables an empire of logistics seems somewhat familiar.
Nevertheless, there is something odd about this scene — the fueling, the dozen workers, the crowd of vehicles on the tarmac, the calculated intention and detailed logistics evident in the array of specific movements. It is my first excursion following weeks of staying at home during COVID-19, and I feel confused. Not only are the people on the tarmac not at home, which plenty of workers cannot be. But the entire scene is conspiring against people being at home. Plenty of the people inside of the ICE buses have been living and working in the United States for years. Being forcibly transported to Honduras is far from "going home."
I am told that if there is a white van beside the ICE buses, it means that there are unaccompanied minor children who are being sent on the flight alone. Today there is a white van beside the ICE buses. A stairway is pulled up to the plane and figures begin to climb up. I watch them coming one at a time and imagine my own unsteadiness climbing on and off those stairways — the narrowness, the bluster.
But the movements in the distance have a more troubling, labored aspect, a rocking side to side. The people coming off the ICE buses are shackled around the ankle and wrist. I can see the chains through the zoom lens. With my eyes I can only see the evidence of shackling, each person's arms crossed in front of them and the slow procession. The chains must clang against the aluminum steps.
Finding ritualized violence when you know where to look
I thought I lived at a time when public displays of violence were not the primary means of social control. So, it feels particularly abhorrent to realize that ritualized violence is only not visible when we don't know exactly where to look. I found out this flight was departing through a network of connections tracking ICE flights that spans cities in the United States and Guatemala. If I had known, I could have seen this happening last year. If I hadn't been able to make it, I could have come two days later to see the same thing over again.
The figures are men and women, some have curly hair, one has a ponytail, one has a teal t-shirt, another has a grey hoodie. It's later clear from the pictures that there were 23 people in chains who boarded the plane.
When flight staff follow them, the swing of limbs is pronounced even at a distance. Everyone is wearing a mask. A majority of COVID-19 cases in Guatemala have come from U.S. deportation flights. Boarding ends, and the ICE buses make a loop on the tarmac. They back into the corner that I am behind, facing the flight. The ICE buses need to ensure that the flight takes off.
I saw a video of the protesters in Brownsville who approached the windshield of the ICE buses directly, raising up signs interrogating the drivers' own complicity in this ceremony of deportation. I am not in front of the bus window, but rather behind the bus, sharing a view in common. Sharing the gaze of witness, I turn my attention instead to how I am also implicated. I return to the car and sit back in the beating sun.
The meanings of freedom
I live at a time when freedom is made equivalent to individualism. This semester I had talked to my community college students about ideas of freedom throughout U.S. history, categorized as "freedom from,' "freedom of," and "freedom to.' These freedoms scroll in my mind as I sit in the heat parked outside of one of the many walls concealing the condition of those who board the plane.
"Freedom from" is the freedom which clouds the news today — freedom from government restrictions, freedom from economic shut-down.
"Freedom of" in its early modern sense designated how freedom depended upon entering into the political collectivity — a citizen of the city, it was said, had "the freedom of the city." In that sense, the freedom of being outside that wall around the tarmac is not only "freedom from" physical restraint, but the "freedom of" recognition by a nation-state.
It also is "freedom of" being part of the collectivity of the city of El Paso. That includes the freedom of denouncing how ICE is operating in the city where I live, and how the city is subsidizing ICE deportations happening out of the public airport.
While many of us are sheltered at home, ICE continues to transport people in mass between detention centers across the country and continues to make deportations to places even more vulnerable to COVID-19. One of the many freedoms negated to people detained in this process is the "freedom to" join in acts protecting collective wellbeing, which is itself a freedom, and one that can only be claimed seeing beyond our individuality. Instead, ICE shows itself now more than ever to be a reckless and deadly agency.
When I drive back along Boeing, it feels maddening to powerlessly glimpse through the fences. To imagine the flight pulling across the tarmac as the pre-flight safety announcement is played, the rote instructions to pull down the oxygen mask or slip arms through the straps on the flotation device a mockery to a flight of people in shackles.
The people of the city of El Paso do not need to continue allowing this ritual of violence to happen in our back yard through enabling and subsidizing ICE use of the El Paso International Airport for deadly deportations.
Honora Spicer teaches history at El Paso Community College and work as an abolitionist activist with the El Paso Anti-Deportation Squad. She holds an MA from Harvard University and a BA from Oxford University.
Cover photo: Immigration and Customs Enforcement detainees board a deportation flight at El Paso International Airport. (Photo by Justin Hamel)
The reporters and editors at El Paso Matters are dedicated to providing all El Pasoans with the information they need to make educated, informed decisions. If you value what you get from our reporting, please consider making a donation today so we can continue covering the stories that matter most to you.
Will you support El Paso Matters today?
Yes, I'll support monthly!
I'll support with a one time gift!
Sign up for our free newsletter. Each Monday morning we deliver critical El Paso news right to your inbox.
Private air travel from Mexico to El Paso soared during pandemic
In "Business & Economy"
Asylum-seeking family reunites with dog from Venezuela: 'We needed him'
El Paso ICE detention facility COVID-19 outbreak is largest in the nation
Tagged: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Deportation, El Paso International Airport, Immigration and Customs Enforcement
Republish Our Posts
Republish our articles for free, online or in print, under a Creative Commons license. We ask that you follow some simple guidelines: https://elpasomatters.org/republishing-guidelines/
Republish our articles for free, online or in print, under a Creative Commons license. We ask that you follow some simple guidelines: https://elpasomatters.org/republishing-guidelines/ Do not edit the piece. Please ensure that you attribute the author, provide a link back to the original article and mention that the article was originally published on El Paso Matters.
by Special to El Paso Matters, El Paso Matters

ICE deportation flights continue out of El Paso airport despite COVID-19

by Special to El Paso Matters, El Paso Matters
May 9, 2020

By Honora Spicer

Boeing Drive is the back alley parallel to Montana Avenue. Montana is the glamour of rapid transit — auto dealerships with balloons, car washes and detail services, El Paso International Airport terminal signage, your choice of fast food. Boeing Drive is the underbelly of rapid transit for the elite — self-storage units, airport fuel tanks, postal vehicle maintenance, airline offices, Customs and Border Protection General Aviation Facility.

Honora Spicer teaches history at El Paso Community College.

The east end of Boeing Drive T's into a sandy scrub lot lined with "no trespassing signs." Behind the fence across the lot are the sand-colored units of the El Paso Service Processing Center, a detention center operated by Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

These roads are site of flight and exchange and in equal measure site of enclosure. From Boeing Drive, it's not difficult to identify the ICE buses lined up on the airport tarmac beyond the barbed-wire chain link fence on the north side of the street.

These are the same ICE buses which no longer drop migrants off at shelters in groups of 50 or 100, people who were on their way to stay with family members in the United States. They are the ICE buses which continue to wear down the road inside the detention center in asphalt loops, pulling in and out.

Preparations for a deportation flight

When I pull over on Boeing Drive, I can see the blue tail of the SwiftAir plane, one of the charter airlines for ICE deportation flights. This flight is taking off for Honduras at 10:02 a.m.

There is a smaller jet on the tarmac behind it near rows of hangars. This is the corner of the airport for chartered flights, for flights seemingly outside the parameters of public transparency. I watch through two fences the routine business of neon-vested workers loading vessels into the plane. I live at a time when passenger air travel is taken for granted, so the back and forth of intricate loading and checking which enables an empire of logistics seems somewhat familiar.

Nevertheless, there is something odd about this scene — the fueling, the dozen workers, the crowd of vehicles on the tarmac, the calculated intention and detailed logistics evident in the array of specific movements. It is my first excursion following weeks of staying at home during COVID-19, and I feel confused. Not only are the people on the tarmac not at home, which plenty of workers cannot be. But the entire scene is conspiring against people being at home. Plenty of the people inside of the ICE buses have been living and working in the United States for years. Being forcibly transported to Honduras is far from "going home."

I am told that if there is a white van beside the ICE buses, it means that there are unaccompanied minor children who are being sent on the flight alone. Today there is a white van beside the ICE buses. A stairway is pulled up to the plane and figures begin to climb up. I watch them coming one at a time and imagine my own unsteadiness climbing on and off those stairways — the narrowness, the bluster.

But the movements in the distance have a more troubling, labored aspect, a rocking side to side. The people coming off the ICE buses are shackled around the ankle and wrist. I can see the chains through the zoom lens. With my eyes I can only see the evidence of shackling, each person's arms crossed in front of them and the slow procession. The chains must clang against the aluminum steps.

Finding ritualized violence when you know where to look

I thought I lived at a time when public displays of violence were not the primary means of social control. So, it feels particularly abhorrent to realize that ritualized violence is only not visible when we don't know exactly where to look. I found out this flight was departing through a network of connections tracking ICE flights that spans cities in the United States and Guatemala. If I had known, I could have seen this happening last year. If I hadn't been able to make it, I could have come two days later to see the same thing over again.

The figures are men and women, some have curly hair, one has a ponytail, one has a teal t-shirt, another has a grey hoodie. It's later clear from the pictures that there were 23 people in chains who boarded the plane.

When flight staff follow them, the swing of limbs is pronounced even at a distance. Everyone is wearing a mask. A majority of COVID-19 cases in Guatemala have come from U.S. deportation flights. Boarding ends, and the ICE buses make a loop on the tarmac. They back into the corner that I am behind, facing the flight. The ICE buses need to ensure that the flight takes off.

I saw a video of the protesters in Brownsville who approached the windshield of the ICE buses directly, raising up signs interrogating the drivers' own complicity in this ceremony of deportation. I am not in front of the bus window, but rather behind the bus, sharing a view in common. Sharing the gaze of witness, I turn my attention instead to how I am also implicated. I return to the car and sit back in the beating sun.

The meanings of freedom

I live at a time when freedom is made equivalent to individualism. This semester I had talked to my community college students about ideas of freedom throughout U.S. history, categorized as "freedom from,' "freedom of," and "freedom to.' These freedoms scroll in my mind as I sit in the heat parked outside of one of the many walls concealing the condition of those who board the plane.

"Freedom from" is the freedom which clouds the news today — freedom from government restrictions, freedom from economic shut-down.

"Freedom of" in its early modern sense designated how freedom depended upon entering into the political collectivity — a citizen of the city, it was said, had "the freedom of the city." In that sense, the freedom of being outside that wall around the tarmac is not only "freedom from" physical restraint, but the "freedom of" recognition by a nation-state.

It also is "freedom of" being part of the collectivity of the city of El Paso. That includes the freedom of denouncing how ICE is operating in the city where I live, and how the city is subsidizing ICE deportations happening out of the public airport.

While many of us are sheltered at home, ICE continues to transport people in mass between detention centers across the country and continues to make deportations to places even more vulnerable to COVID-19. One of the many freedoms negated to people detained in this process is the "freedom to" join in acts protecting collective wellbeing, which is itself a freedom, and one that can only be claimed seeing beyond our individuality. Instead, ICE shows itself now more than ever to be a reckless and deadly agency.

When I drive back along Boeing, it feels maddening to powerlessly glimpse through the fences. To imagine the flight pulling across the tarmac as the pre-flight safety announcement is played, the rote instructions to pull down the oxygen mask or slip arms through the straps on the flotation device a mockery to a flight of people in shackles.

The people of the city of El Paso do not need to continue allowing this ritual of violence to happen in our back yard through enabling and subsidizing ICE use of the El Paso International Airport for deadly deportations.

Honora Spicer teaches history at El Paso Community College and work as an abolitionist activist with the El Paso Anti-Deportation Squad. She holds an MA from Harvard University and a BA from Oxford University.

Cover photo: Immigration and Customs Enforcement detainees board a deportation flight at El Paso International Airport. (Photo by Justin Hamel)

This article first appeared on El Paso Matters and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
Puente News Collaborative
© 2023 Copyright El Paso Matters. All rights reserved. Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs
R. D. Altman
Experimental findings suggest that inhibition of neutrophil activation rather than suppression of prostaglandin formation may represent the principal mechanism of action of antiinflammatory drugs. This theory would account for the effectiveness of prostaglandin preserving agents, such as the nonacetylated salicylate salsalate, in the treatment of rheumatic disease. Results of the controlled clinical trials described in other papers contained in this supplement indicate that salsalate is equally effective as aspirin and the newer NSAID naproxen in relieving the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The damage to the gastric mucosa associated with NSAID use is believed to be attributable to impairment of mucosal defense mechanisms resulting from the inhibition of gastroprotective prostaglandins. Confirmation of neutrophil activation as the mechanism of action of NSAIDs would explain the efficacy of salsalate in light of its lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in controlled clinical trials with aspirin and naproxen. Establishment of such a mechanism would also suggest that the other adverse effects related to prostaglandin inhibition, such as hypersensitivity reactions, platelet dysfunction, and a reduction in renal function, are not necessary correlates of effective antiinflammatory therapy.
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
4 SUPPL. 2
https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
salicylsalicylic acid Medicine & Life Sciences
Neutrophil Activation Medicine & Life Sciences
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents Medicine & Life Sciences
Prostaglandins Medicine & Life Sciences
Naproxen Medicine & Life Sciences
Aspirin Medicine & Life Sciences
Anti-Inflammatory Agents Medicine & Life Sciences
Altman, R. D. (1990). Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 19(4 SUPPL. 2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
Neutrophil activation : An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs. / Altman, R. D.
In: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, Vol. 19, No. 4 SUPPL. 2, 01.01.1990, p. 1-5.
Altman, RD 1990, 'Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs', Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, vol. 19, no. 4 SUPPL. 2, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
Altman RD. Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1990 Jan 1;19(4 SUPPL. 2):1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
Altman, R. D. / Neutrophil activation : An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs. In: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1990 ; Vol. 19, No. 4 SUPPL. 2. pp. 1-5.
@article{06ddad02ab89448fb52a4ceabc08cf74,
title = "Neutrophil activation: An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs",
abstract = "Experimental findings suggest that inhibition of neutrophil activation rather than suppression of prostaglandin formation may represent the principal mechanism of action of antiinflammatory drugs. This theory would account for the effectiveness of prostaglandin preserving agents, such as the nonacetylated salicylate salsalate, in the treatment of rheumatic disease. Results of the controlled clinical trials described in other papers contained in this supplement indicate that salsalate is equally effective as aspirin and the newer NSAID naproxen in relieving the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The damage to the gastric mucosa associated with NSAID use is believed to be attributable to impairment of mucosal defense mechanisms resulting from the inhibition of gastroprotective prostaglandins. Confirmation of neutrophil activation as the mechanism of action of NSAIDs would explain the efficacy of salsalate in light of its lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in controlled clinical trials with aspirin and naproxen. Establishment of such a mechanism would also suggest that the other adverse effects related to prostaglandin inhibition, such as hypersensitivity reactions, platelet dysfunction, and a reduction in renal function, are not necessary correlates of effective antiinflammatory therapy.",
author = "Altman, {R. D.}",
doi = "10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S",
journal = "Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "4 SUPPL. 2",
T1 - Neutrophil activation
T2 - An alternative to prostaglandin inhibition as the mechanism of action for NSAIDs
AU - Altman, R. D.
N2 - Experimental findings suggest that inhibition of neutrophil activation rather than suppression of prostaglandin formation may represent the principal mechanism of action of antiinflammatory drugs. This theory would account for the effectiveness of prostaglandin preserving agents, such as the nonacetylated salicylate salsalate, in the treatment of rheumatic disease. Results of the controlled clinical trials described in other papers contained in this supplement indicate that salsalate is equally effective as aspirin and the newer NSAID naproxen in relieving the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The damage to the gastric mucosa associated with NSAID use is believed to be attributable to impairment of mucosal defense mechanisms resulting from the inhibition of gastroprotective prostaglandins. Confirmation of neutrophil activation as the mechanism of action of NSAIDs would explain the efficacy of salsalate in light of its lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in controlled clinical trials with aspirin and naproxen. Establishment of such a mechanism would also suggest that the other adverse effects related to prostaglandin inhibition, such as hypersensitivity reactions, platelet dysfunction, and a reduction in renal function, are not necessary correlates of effective antiinflammatory therapy.
AB - Experimental findings suggest that inhibition of neutrophil activation rather than suppression of prostaglandin formation may represent the principal mechanism of action of antiinflammatory drugs. This theory would account for the effectiveness of prostaglandin preserving agents, such as the nonacetylated salicylate salsalate, in the treatment of rheumatic disease. Results of the controlled clinical trials described in other papers contained in this supplement indicate that salsalate is equally effective as aspirin and the newer NSAID naproxen in relieving the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The damage to the gastric mucosa associated with NSAID use is believed to be attributable to impairment of mucosal defense mechanisms resulting from the inhibition of gastroprotective prostaglandins. Confirmation of neutrophil activation as the mechanism of action of NSAIDs would explain the efficacy of salsalate in light of its lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in controlled clinical trials with aspirin and naproxen. Establishment of such a mechanism would also suggest that the other adverse effects related to prostaglandin inhibition, such as hypersensitivity reactions, platelet dysfunction, and a reduction in renal function, are not necessary correlates of effective antiinflammatory therapy.
U2 - 10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
DO - 10.1016/0049-0172(90)90077-S
JO - Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
JF - Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
IS - 4 SUPPL. 2


Our personnel are always inside the spirit of "continuous improvement and excellence", and together with the outstanding excellent goods, favorable price and good after-sales services, we try to gain every customer's trust for Power Supply Adapter , Power Adapter , power plug adapter , glad delivery and exceptional solutions.
Our merchandise are commonly recognized and reliable by customers and can meet constantly developing economic and social desires for Power Supply Adapter , Power Adapter , power plug adapter , Our company has a skillful sales team strong economic foundation great technical force advanced equipment complete testing means and excellent after-sales services. Our items have beautiful appearance fine workmanship and superior quality and win the unanimous approvals of the customers all over the world.


text:
Press Release: The oceans are full of barriers for small organisms
James Ross / August 1, 2016
A new study from the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate at the University of Copenhagen, published in Journal of Ecology today, shows that small changes in ocean salinity and temperature can significantly affect the distribution and diversity of phytoplankton.
The paper was written by Mousing et al. and is titled; Evidence of small-scale spatial structuring of phytoplankton alpha- and beta-diversity in the open ocean.
Read the full press release from the University of Copenhagen below.
The oceans are full of barriers for small organisms
Subtle and short-lived differences in ocean salinity or temperature function as physical barriers for phytoplankton, and result in a patchy distribution of the oceans' most important food resource. The new research from the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate at the University of Copenhagen may help explain the large biodiversity in the sea.
Phytoplankton are microscopic algae that live free-floating in the sea, transported around by ocean currents. The composition of phytoplankton communities affect other microscopic organisms, fish and even whales, as they constitute the base of the food web in the sea.
"The oceans are full of invisible barriers that occur when temperature or salinity changes. Our new research shows that even short-lived barriers of just a couple of days or weeks, are enough to influence phytoplankton communities. This provides us with new insight into how the high biodiversity of phytoplankton is maintained and how the food web might be affected", says lead author and Postdoc Erik Mousing from the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate at University of Copenhagen.
In recent decades, researchers have increasingly understood how small organisms are separated by relatively permanent fronts in the sea caused, for example, by large ocean currents. However, this is the first time researchers demonstrate that short-lived changes in salinity or temperature also lead to changes in the composition of algae communities.
Small differences in salinity and temperature lead to the formation of weak and ephemeral fronts with different phytoplankton communities on each side. Researchers found that several species of the genus Chaetoceros (shown on photo) constituted the majority of the biomass on one side of the front but were virtually absent on the other side (Photo: Niels Daugbjerg)
While it is known that physical barriers on land, such as rivers and mountains, can lead to the development of new plant and animal species over time, the oceans have primarily been perceived as a homogeneous environment. Therefore, it has been difficult to explain the large biodiversity of small algae.
"Our results show that the distribution of phytoplankton is much patchier than previously assumed as a result of these commonly occurring weak fronts. Coupled with the short generation time of phytoplankton the local barriers caused by these fronts could help explain why phytoplankton diversity is so large. Thus, at least in terms of the overall mechanisms controlling biodiversity, the terrestrial and marine systems are not fundamentally different", says co-author and Professor Katherine Richardson, from the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate.
In the study, which was published today in the Journal of Ecology, the researchers analyzed 30 samples of phytoplankton from 16 locations in the North Atlantic. They also measured temperature and salinity in different water depths. Based on the samples, the researchers were able to map out a front with different salinities on each side. The species composition of phytoplankton was significantly different on either side of the front.
"Although our results are based on samples in the North Atlantic, weak and short-lived fronts occur in oceans all over the world. Therefore, there is every reason to believe that the influence of these small scale fronts on phytoplankton is a common feature in the world's oceans", concludes Erik Mousing.
The study has been conducted in cooperation with the Danish ClimateLab, NASA and the University of Maine.
Postdoc Erik Askov Mousing
Eamousing@snm.ku.dk
Professor Katherine Richardson
Kari@science.ku.dk
Press release provided by University of Copenhagen
August 1, 2016 in Press Releases. Tags: ecology, paper, phytoplankton, press
Welcoming our new Associate Editors 2020
Freshwater Plant Ecology
← Meet the Team at ESA 2016
Harper Review 2016 – meet the author →
One thought on "Press Release: The oceans are full of barriers for small organisms"
Pingback: Volume 104, Issue 6 | Journal of Ecology blog


text:
Q: Yii2 uploading files returns failed to open stream: No such file or directory Am uploading a file via ajax following this link
This link ive been able to pass the files via ajax but am getting another error when moving the files
I dont want to provide an absolute path in my code like since different codes are used in different areas of the application so i prefer to use the getalis to return the actual path
This is what i have
move_uploaded_file($file_tmp, Yii::getAlias("@uploads/siteimages/slider/").$filename);

This is the filename
$file_ext = pathinfo($_FILES['TblSlider']['name']["file"], PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
 $filename = strtotime(date("Y-m-d h:m:s")).".".$file_ext;

Previously i tried using the getUploadedinstance but since its an ajax request it fails
By doing
var_dump($_FILES["TblSlider"]["tmp_name"])  It returns the actual tmp file

The path exisit where i wrong

A: //Set the path that the file will be uploaded to
$path = Yii::getAlias('@frontend') .'/web/uploads/'

 move_uploaded_file($file_tmp, Yii::getAlias("@uploads/siteimages/slider/").$filename);

Try by changing Alias path like this
   Yii::getAlias('@frontend') .'/web/uploads/'

Help Url : How to upload files in web folder in yii2 advanced template?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What's your plan after graduation? It's to find a job of course. What do employers look for in a job candidate? One of the job's requirements is work experience but most college/university graduates don't have work experience. Then what should they do? They should consider internship before or after graduation to gain some work experience.
Internship is a job opportunity offered by employers mainly to college/university students. It can also be a job opportunity for college/university graduates. The main purpose of internship is to gain work experience in your filed of study, or any particular industry you are interested in, that you can add to your resume and enhance your chances of getting hired.
Co-operative education or Co-op is a program that gives students the opportunity to gain work-related experience by working while studying as part of their curriculum.
As the name suggests, Co-op programs are cooperation initiatives between higher education entities and major organizations and industry leaders in different fields that will give students academic work-related experience that will help them transition in to the workforce after they graduate.
Students enrolled in a co-op program will study full time for one semester and work full time the second semester in their field of study at least once. The program might extend for a whole year.
The time spent working for a co-op program provider will be counted towards the student's credits.


Whenever the Gospel is clearly presented (should be in every lessson) give an opportunity for the children to respond.
First, summarize the Gospel. Even though you have already taught it during the lesson, tie it all together in one sentence.
Example: You remember that God loves you, but your sin separates you from Him and that is why Jesus, God's perfect Son, died for your sins.
Then present an invitation verse (see tip for 6/29/98) and explain the main terms used in the verse in a way that the children will understand and relate to.
Specify both a response to your question and a place for them to go so someone can counsel them personally for salvation.
Expect God to work! He will draw the children to Himself and save them, but He works through believers like you.


text:
Q: Unable to connect model page from controller page in code igniter This is my database php page
$active_group = 'default';
$query_builder = TRUE;

$db['default'] = array(
'dsn'   => '',
'hostname' => '192.168.1.200',
'username' => 'name',
'password' => 'password',
'database' => 'codeignter_tutorial',
'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
'dbprefix' => '',
'pconnect' => FALSE,
'db_debug' => (ENVIRONMENT !== 'production'),
'cache_on' => FALSE,
'cachedir' => '',
'char_set' => 'utf8',
'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
'swap_pre' => '',
'encrypt' => FALSE,
'compress' => FALSE,
'stricton' => FALSE,
'failover' => array(),
'save_queries' => TRUE
);

I am unable to load model page from the controller page.
This is the error am getting any help would be appreciated.
Fatal error: Call to undefined method CI_Loader::models() in /var/www/html/bcit-ci-CodeIgniter-3.1.11-0-gb73eb19/bcit-ci-CodeIgniter-b73eb19/application/controllers/Welcome.php on line 16
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Error
Message: Call to undefined method CI_Loader::models()
Filename: controllers/Welcome.php
Line Number: 16
Backtrace:
This is my controller page Welcome.php
    <?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');

class Welcome extends CI_Controller {

public function index()
{
    $this->load->view('dashboard');
}

public function __construct()
{
    parent::__construct();
    $this->load->helper(array("form","url"));
    $this->load->models('models');

}
public function login()
{
    $this->load->view('loginPage');
}

public function dashboard()
{
    $data['name']=$this->input->post('name');
    $data['age']=$this->input->post('age');
    $this->models->dbdata($data);

    }
}
?>

This is my model page called models.php
<?php
class models extends CI_model
{
        public function dbdata($inserttodb)
        {
            $this->db->insert("registration",$inserttodb);
            return $var->result_array();
        }
}
?>

A: In model page model's 'm' should be capital
class **M**odels extends CI_model

in controll page
this->load->model('models');

A: This is how you load model from your controller:
public function __construct()
{
    parent::__construct();
    $this->load->model('models', 'your_model'); //use 'your_model' to reference your model
}

This is how you called your model:
$this->your_model->dbdata($data);
//'your_model' is from constructor, 'dbdata' is the name of your function in model

Then make sure the method accept the 'data':
public function dbdata($data)
    {
      //your code goes here
    }


text:
Q: Variable used in lambda expression should be final or effectively final
Variable used in lambda expression should be final or effectively final

When I try to use calTz it is showing this error.
private TimeZone extractCalendarTimeZoneComponent(Calendar cal, TimeZone calTz) {
    try {
        cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").forEach(component -> {
            VTimeZone v = (VTimeZone) component;
            v.getTimeZoneId();
            if (calTz == null) {
                calTz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(v.getTimeZoneId().getValue());
            }
        });
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.warn("Unable to determine ical timezone", e);
    }
    return null;
}

A: From a lambda, you can't get a reference to anything that isn't final. You need to declare a final wrapper from outside the lamda to hold your variable.
I've added the final 'reference' object as this wrapper.
private TimeZone extractCalendarTimeZoneComponent(Calendar cal,TimeZone calTz) {
    final AtomicReference<TimeZone> reference = new AtomicReference<>();

    try {
       cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").forEach(component->{
        VTimeZone v = (VTimeZone) component;
           v.getTimeZoneId();
           if(reference.get()==null) {
               reference.set(TimeZone.getTimeZone(v.getTimeZoneId().getValue()));
           }
           });
    } catch (Exception e) {
        //log.warn("Unable to determine ical timezone", e);
    }
    return reference.get();
}

A: Java 8 has a new concept called "Effectively final" variable. It means that a non-final local variable whose value never changes after initialization is called "Effectively Final".
This concept was introduced because prior to Java 8,  we could not use a non-final local variable in an anonymous class. If you wanna have access to a local variable in anonymous class, you have to make it final.
When lambda was introduced, this restriction was eased. Hence to the need to make local variable final if it's not changed once it is initialized as lambda in itself is nothing but an anonymous class.
Java 8 realized the pain of declaring local variable final every time a developer used lambda, introduced this concept, and made it unnecessary to make local variables final. So if you see the rule for anonymous classes has not changed, it's just you don't have to write the final keyword every time when using lambdas.
I found a good explanation here

A: A variable used in lambda expression should be a final or effectively final, but you can assign a value to a final one element array.
private TimeZone extractCalendarTimeZoneComponent(Calendar cal, TimeZone calTz) {
    try {
        TimeZone calTzLocal[] = new TimeZone[1];
        calTzLocal[0] = calTz;
        cal.getComponents().get("VTIMEZONE").forEach(component -> {
            TimeZone v = component;
            v.getTimeZoneId();
            if (calTzLocal[0] == null) {
                calTzLocal[0] = TimeZone.getTimeZone(v.getTimeZoneId().getValue());
            }
        });
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.warn("Unable to determine ical timezone", e);
    }
    return null;
}

A: Although other answers prove the requirement, they don't explain why the requirement exists.
The JLS mentions why in §15.27.2:

The restriction to effectively final variables prohibits access to dynamically-changing local variables, whose capture would likely introduce concurrency problems.

To lower risk of bugs, they decided to ensure captured variables are never mutated.

This also applies for anonymous inner classes

A: to answer to  > Variable used in lambda expression should be final or effectively final JAVA
to workaround that in not an elegant way , 2 issues :
the side effect and the threading issue
final AtomicInteger e = new AtomicInteger(0);
        new Thread(() -> {
            e.addAndGet(1);
        });

to be more precise, i agree is kind of the same but the idea behind using Lambda function is to avoid side affect, and when we are accessing this final reference in the lambda function to populate the value to get the result from outside, we are breaking this concept.
in the oldest post you might want to rewrite like that
cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").streams().map(v->v.getTimeZoneId().getValue()).collect(Collectors.toList());
and for the threading aspect , we have the same issue with the side effect and additionally you will never know when to access to the Atomic variable  to collect the result , you could put a CountDownLatch ... Better to work with CompletableFuture to handle the result and the synchronization aspect

A: In your example, you can replace the forEach with lamdba with a simple for loop and modify any variable freely. Or, probably, refactor your code so that you don't need to modify any variables. However, I'll explain for completeness what does the error mean and how to work around it.
Java 8 Language Specification, §15.27.2:

Any local variable, formal parameter, or exception parameter used but not declared in a lambda expression must either be declared final or be effectively final (§4.12.4), or a compile-time error occurs where the use is attempted.

Basically you cannot modify a local variable (calTz in this case) from within a lambda (or a local/anonymous class). To achieve that in Java, you have to use a mutable object and modify it (via a final variable) from the lambda. One example of a mutable object here would be an array of one element:
private TimeZone extractCalendarTimeZoneComponent(Calendar cal, TimeZone calTz) {
    TimeZone[] result = { null };
    try {
        cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").forEach(component -> {
            ...
            result[0] = ...;
            ...
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.warn("Unable to determine ical timezone", e);
    }
    return result[0];
}

A: A final variable means that it can be instantiated only one time.
in Java you can't reassign non-final local variables in lambda as well as in anonymous inner classes.
You can refactor your code with the old for-each loop:
private TimeZone extractCalendarTimeZoneComponent(Calendar cal,TimeZone calTz) {
    try {
        for(Component component : cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE")) {
        VTimeZone v = (VTimeZone) component;
           v.getTimeZoneId();
           if(calTz==null) {
               calTz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(v.getTimeZoneId().getValue());
           }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.warn("Unable to determine ical timezone", e);
    }
    return null;
}

Even if I don't get the sense of some pieces of this code:

*

*you call a v.getTimeZoneId(); without using its return value

*with the assignment calTz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(v.getTimeZoneId().getValue()); you don't modify the originally passed calTz and you don't use it in this method

*You always return null, why don't you set void as return type?

Hope also these tips helps you to improve.

A: if it is not necessary to modify the variable than a general workaround for this kind of problem would be to
extract the part of code which use lambda and use final keyword on method-parameter.

A: You can't re-assign the variable with new reference inside a lambda expression  which is coming from outside scope of lambda.But you can certainly modify existing state of the object.So instead re-assigning 'calTz' to new reference.You can call setter methods on it to change its internal state.So this will work(if your VtimeZone is mutatble only):
    calTz=new TimeZone();
cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").forEach(component -> {
                         VTimeZone v = (VTimeZone) component;
                    v.getTimeZoneId();

                        calTz.setTimeZoneId("some value");

                })

.But this is not a good practice.
Above code can also be replaced by.
        if(calTz == null){
    calTz=new TimeZone();
cal.getComponents().getComponents("VTIMEZONE").get(0).setTimeZoneId("some value");}


Students will need to offer four activities for assessment, two which may be off site activities e.g. Karate (with supportive evidence). The student must offer four performances, at least two as a player and two others as a player, leader or official. Candidates can perform no more than two roles in one activity.
Students are awarded performance marks from their teacher and then observed by a visiting WJEC Moderator, who verifies the accuracy of the marking.
This will be assessed through a series of short responses and extended writing questions based on video extracts.
This will be assessed through a combination of short responses and extended writing questions.
Regular participation in all lessons is essential, with students wearing the recognised school kit for all sessions.


thanks so much for featuring my post on stacking painted baskets, Courtney!
Thank you so much for hosting, Courtney, I really enjoyed your features this week. Here's hoping we can all have some Spring this week, thanks!
Thank you so much for featuring my spring dough bowl display and for hosting this great party each week. I also shared a post about copper this week. Can't wait to read your post!
Thanks for hosting each week, Courtney! Love seeing all your beautiful photos!
Thank you for hosting, Courtney. Your blog is BEAUTIFUL! Have a wonderful weekend!


Call toll-free 877.337.3399 to get started today.
Free financial counseling and debt counseling without a sales pitch. GreenPath's caring, certified advisors will help you explore options for achieving your financial goals. Everyone receives a customized action plan.
If you are struggling to eliminate credit card debt, GreenPath may work with your creditors to develop a mutually agreeable payment plan. The plan could stop collection calls, lower interest rates and help you save lots of money.
GreenPath's housing advisors are experts at assisting people with their housing needs. We offer foreclosure prevention services, home buyer preparation assistance, and reverse mortgage counseling.
GreenPath will help you look into student loan repayment options that can postpone or lower your payments. Learn the pros and cons of each student loan repayment strategy so you can make an informed decision.


One of our best sellers. Warm, knitted sweater in old fashioned pattern. The neckline is loosely elasticated. These come up small.
High-quality 100% organic merino wool.
No chemical treatment. Not dyed. Merino wool is soft thermal regulating, breathable, sweat absorbent, stain resistant and well insulated. Direct contact with skin stimulates the skin function. These are best hand washed. These are a 100% natural product and may pile a little, we suggest getting a comb if needed.


Showing 6 articles from November 20, 2018.
The storybook year for Cedaredge High School's volleyball team continued on following the last whistle of regional and state competition in 2018.
Cedaredge, the second-place team in 3A WSL, landed six athletes on this year's All-Conference Teams and had one player participate in the coveted Colorado Coaches Girls Sports Games this past weekend in Arvada.
Music programs in Delta schools got a huge boost last week. Big Machine Records founder Scott Borchetta and his wife, Sandi Spika Borchetta, visited Lincoln Elementary School to present a Music Has Value donation in honor of Sandi's father, Al Spika.
When Spika died in February 2017, those wishing to make memorial contributions were directed to the Music Has Value Foundation, which was started by the Borchettas.
Entrepreneurial spirit ~ drink it in!
Starting a business can be terrifying. And yet, six percent of the U.S. adult population owns their own business.


Guwahati: Movement of trains was affected in Assam yesterday morning as members of a youth organization blocked rail tracks, demanding immediate revocation of the citizenship bill and introduction of inner line permit (ILP) in the state.
Slogans such as 'Joi Aai Asom' (Victory to mother Assam), 'Scrap the Citizenship Bill' and 'Introduce inner line permit' rented the air as agitators sought measures to repeal the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, which was recently passed by the Lok Sabha.
The legislation, which is currently waiting for Rajya Sabha approval, seeks to provide citizenship to non-Muslims from Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan after six years of residence in India.
In Guwahati, the AJYCP picketers blocked the railway level crossing near Kamakhya station, preventing movement of Satabdi Express, a senior police officer said.


The ash Martin Host Chair without arms is a high back chair with narrow wing extensions, a weltless box edged loose seat cushion and slender tapered legs. Depending on your preference this host chair is available with a narrow weltless boxed edge loose seat cushion or as a tight seat. Inspired by one of Hickory Chair's finest 1930's pull-up chairs, the Martin series is available with or without arms and is constructed of solid ash or solid mahogany to suit a multitude of preferences.


I was rather stunned the first time I went up to Mount Lemmon. It was such a straight shot: follow Speedway east, then go north on up to Catalina Highway and follow that all the way to the end, basically. It only took about an hour from our doorstep (near the UA) to the top, but I felt as if we had exited the Southwest entirely. The desert, the cacti, the sand all fell away as we climbed, replaced by denser and denser vegetation, evergreens and deciduous trees. The temperature dropped by what felt like twenty degrees. Tucson was sprawled out below us, looking smaller than I would have guessed.
At the end of the road we found two tiny communities: Ski Valley and Summerhaven. Ski Valley has the ski lift, obviously, that will take you uphill for $9 even when there is no snow, which is most of the time. Even from the parking lot the view is spectacular. There's also a gift shop and what not. The restaurant is said to have a great view.
Summerhaven has two eateries and a few gift shops as well. Most of Summerhaven was burned down a few years ago in a forest fire. Forest fires are a very real and common danger in the Tucson area. I'm amazed that these people bother rebuilding, to tell you the truth. You can still see a few of the charred building remains and large patches of the mountainside are dead or just starting to show new growth.
In my opinion, the best things about Summerhaven are the hiking with spectacular views and some fun boulder climbing, and the pie. The last time I went with a few friends from the Spanish Department we went all the way to the end of the road and hiked the Marshall Gulch Train and returned on the Aspen Trail. There's a spot on the Aspen Trail where if you a climb a little boulder you can sit and look out at a spectacular vista. It's a little bit tucked away, sort of private and romantic and very beautiful. It would be a memorable spot for say, proposing marriage, eating a granola bar, shooting a music video, etc.
After that hike (which takes about three hours by the way and is not recommendable for the very out of shape) we got a picnic table and had lunch, which would have been more fun had we been joined by a bear or if the sun had stayed out. Then we warmed up at Mount Lemmon Café and had a piece of their famous pie. The service wasn't great, but I gather it's hard for them to find full time help all the way up there and it's a popular spot for tourists. Point being, they were crazy busy and under staffed. However, a piece of pie heated up a la mode with a cup of coffee is a wonderful thing for two (or three) people to share after a long hike.


Shadow Moon just got out of jail, only to discover his wife is dead. Defeated, broke, and uncertain as to where to go from here, he meets the mysterious Mr. Wednesday, who employs him to serve as his bodyguard—thrusting Shadow into a deadly world of the supernatural, where ghosts of the past come back from the dead, and a brewing war between old and new gods hits a boiling point.
The Hugo, Bram Stoker, Locus, World Fantasy, and Nebula award–winning novel and upcoming Starz television series by Neil Gaiman is adapted as a comic series for the first time!
NEIL GAIMAN! P. CRAIG RUSSELL! SCOTT HAMPTON!
The legendary comics creator Dean Motter returns with Mister X: Razed! In the retro-futuristic metropolis of Radiant City, its mysterious creator, Mister X, must protect the city and its residents from themselves as the architecture of the city itself is a danger to all those within it.
Spinning of the BOOKS OF MAGIC limited series by Neil Gaiman and tying into the epic "The Children's Crusade" crossover event, which features youths of power from across the Vertigo Universe.


During normal practice opening hours 8am - 6pm Mon - Fri, the practice remains your first point of contact for all routine requests.
NHS 111 is the number to call when you need medical help fast but it's not a life threatening emergency.
A number of pharmacies provide extended opening hours including opening in the evenings and at weekends, details of all pharmacies in County Durham and Darlington can be accessed via www.durhamlpc.org.uk click on the "pharmacies" link on the left hand side of the home page. We recommend that you telephone a pharmacy to check they can provide the service you need before you set off.


Free Executive Powerpoint Presentation Templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates executive summary template powerpoint executive summary powerpoint template. free executive powerpoint presentation templates free executive formal powerpoint template free powerpoint templates templates. free executive powerpoint presentation templates executive powerpoint presentation templates executive summary printable. Free Executive Powerpoint Presentation Templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates how to make an printable. free executive powerpoint presentation templates 62 best free powerpoint templates updated march 2019 printable. free executive powerpoint presentation templates sales proposal powerpoint template templates. Free Executive Powerpoint Presentation Templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates executive presentation template 18 executive presentation designs template.
Free Executive Powerpoint Presentation Templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates free executive formal powerpoint template free powerpoint templates templates. free executive powerpoint presentation templates executive powerpoint presentation templates executive summary printable. free executive powerpoint presentation templates free executive powerpoint presentation templates how to make an printable. free executive powerpoint presentation templates 62 best free powerpoint templates updated march 2019 printable. free executive powerpoint presentation templates sales proposal powerpoint template templates.


text:
News Access Bank,Hacey Health,Lagos state
Hacey Health, Access Bank organise free medical outreach at Ijede community
David Ijaseun May 13, 2022
Hacey Health Initiative, with support from Access Bank, organised a free medical outreach for the residents of Ijede community in Lagos State.
In commemoration of World Health Day 2022, themed 'Our Planet, Our Health,' the Hacey Health Initiative, with support from Access Bank, organised a free medical outreach for the residents of Ijede community in Lagos State.
The purpose of the outreach was to ensure that the health of the people living in rural communities is maintained.
"We are testing over 300 women in the Ijede neighbourhood in Ikorodu Lagos State and we will be donating materials to them to ensure that they continue to live a healthy life, to commemorate the day", Bamidele Oyewumi, programme officer for Hacey Health Initiative, said.
"It is critical for us as an organisation to ensure that the communities we visit live healthy lives; we must continue to focus on communicable and non-communicable diseases that affect the health and productivity of women in rural communities.
"It is in places where people are not informed on how to treat, diagnose, and what to do if they are unwell that communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases increase the greatest," he continued.
Read also: PMI, New Horizons forge partnership to boost youth employability in Nigeria
Speaking on the reach of the Hacey Health Initiative's efforts to stop the spread of malaria, Anne Bassey, the organisation's communication manager, stated that Hacey was in the communities because of the large number of individuals who are interested in what it has to offer the community.
"We educated the community on the need of staying healthy and the importance of checking their health.
"Those who have tested positive will be provided mosquito nets and will also be referred to primary health care centers for treatment.
"Residents in the community expressed their delight at having benefited from the Hacey Health Initiative", Bassey said.
On her part, Qadri Gbolahan, supervisor of Health for the Ijede Local Council Region, said, "We are grateful to be able to participate in the sensitization on how to combat malaria and other diseases in our community.
"We are aware of how difficult things are in Nigeria today, and that few of us can afford healthcare, but Hacey is right here in our midst, doing everything they can to ensure that our people do not lack access to quality healthcare."
"I am happy to be here, I have been able to learn more things about my health, including HIV, diabetes, malaria, and hypertension, and I have been able to learn the things I should eat and not eat, do and not do concerning my health status in order to be fit," said Oduyemi Oluwadamilola, a resident of the Ijede community.
WildAid Co-founder Peter Knights Starts New African Wildlife Charity


[00:16] - Flight BFL3218 is ready to depart CYZS with a final destination of CYRB.
[02:59] - Landed at -221fpm. With 11643kgs of fuel onboard and a pitch angle of 0deg.
[03:00] - Arrived safely at CYRB. We hope you enjoyed your flight!


Meuble, Changer Barillet Porte Blindee was posted June 19, 2018 at 9:09 am by davidreed.co . More over Changer Barillet Porte Blindee has viewed by 723 visitor.
Meuble, Changer Un Barillet De Porte D Entree was posted April 22, 2017 at 4:22 am by davidreed.co . More over Changer Un Barillet De Porte D Entree has viewed by 855 visitor.
Decoration, Changer Barillet Porte Garage was posted January 23, 2018 at 11:04 pm by davidreed.co . More over Changer Barillet Porte Garage has viewed by 328 visitor.


The keynote sessions set the tone for the entire event. Leaders and influencers will deliver a series of visionary talks and participate in panels that will explore smart city strategies and the role of technology.
By having a prominent presence at the event you and your team will be able to meet with influential professionals and executives looking to strategically develop systems or technologies in their organisation during the conference, networking lunches, coffee breaks and networking drinks.
The IdeaHack fast sprints are moderated group discussions (appox. 30 participants) focused on a specific city challenge. A central table host will guide the conversation and facilitate the questions and answers from the participants. This presents a cost effective way to form relationships and demonstrate capability with a pre-qualified audience, and to align your solution with the challenge being covered.


This blog, which was written by Jack Jennings, CEP's president, and posted on the Huffington Post on May 8, 2011, discusses achievement gains of white, Latino, and African American students on the long-term National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The blog points out that while general trends show a mixed picture of achievement gains over the last four decades, Latino and African American students made great gains. Accompanying the blog is a table that shows the changes in long-term NAEP reading and math scores since the 1970s for white, Latino, and African American students as well as for all students.


It is around the time of the year when you are busy making plans for New Year and you are completely stumped about where to head. We have put together a neat little list for you party animals that has the best new year dos in Bangalore. So this time you don't have to 'adjust maadi' with your New Year plans. Get all the juicy details about the venue, DJs, food, alcohol and entertainment all in one place. This is your New Year party handbook for Bangalore.
This party has it all The Djs will be spinning the best of EDM and Electro house hits while performances by International dancers and sensuous Martini Girls will wow you with their performance. The part will be kid friendly as there is a dedicated kids area with professional nannies and staff to take care of your tiny tots.10% of the proceeds from this party will be dedicated to Chennai Flood Relief.
It is destined to be a night of glitter and glamour. The fireworks will be lighting up the night sky, when the city ushers in 2016. Three legends of the DJing scene will be on deck duty at the Royal Orchid. DJ Whosane DJ Ariia and DJ Pinto. The show will be hosted by popular Bengaluru RJ Julius. The prices are inclusive of unlimited Food & Beverage (Premium Liquor).
If you are thinking of celebrating new year by the poolside Aloft is just your ticket. Popular Bangalore based Indie rock band Aurko will be performing live. DJ Avinash will also be playing poolside spinning the best of EDM and Bollywood remixes. The Outdoor Arena will feature VDJ Mahaneet,one of the best known artists playing Commercial and Bollywood music. There will also be dance performances by celebrity dance troupe, Team Avatars, performing live. They are famous for their stage shows on popular TV networks (Colors, ETV).
The Grand Fiesta 2016 at Sheraton Bangalore is hosting a massive party spread across three venues, The Ballroom, Durbar and Persian Terrace. DJ Jasmeet, DJ Ryan Beck and DJ Sam will be at the console spinning out the best of tracks from Bollywood, Commercial and House. Pick your vibe or keep party hopping the Sheraton gives you the best New Year experiences all in one place. The event is kid friendly and has a dedicated zone for your kids with professional nannies.
The 'No Limits' party has two exclusive dance zones, one playing EDM and commercial while the other plays Bollywood Nonstop. If you and your friends want the best of both worlds on New Year's Eve then 'No Limits' is the place to head. DJ Rebirth from Mumbai will be at the turntables in the Bollywood dance zone while DJ Ravi will be belting out the best commercial and electronic tracks for the EDM fans. There will also be Punjabi Dhol act performing at the party along with sensuous belly dancers to keep the crowd in high spirits.
Fiat Caffe is throwing an epic New Year bash featuring DJ Alaina, DJ Smash, and DJ 'D' playing the best Bollywood, deep and tropical house, and EDM tracks. This is a bash like no other as passes to this party gets you an access to CASINO Royale NYE 2016 ( Bangalore ) + Valentine's Day Party ( Bangalore)+ Holi Party (Bangalore). The guests are in for a treat as all guests will get free party accessories and merchandise like LED Shades, devil horns, wacky wigs, angel wings and many more props. The Guests will also get to be part of a free photography session so what are you waiting for.
Taj Vivanta is going to take everyone on a trip to Vegas this New Year . There is a fashion show, fire dancers, and an entire casino theme for the high rollers.The party is Kid friendly with a magic show, jumping castle, balloon games, tattoo artist, cartoon movies and a lot more to keep your tiny ones entertained.
The Lalit is throwing a New year bash for all the partyholics in the city. Sutra reloaded 2016 will have popular DJ Hassan who will keep you grooving until the early hours of the morning. Hassan has made a name for himself in the DJ'ing circuit with his flair for single handed mixing skills.
You don't need to be Sherlock to find the hottest New Year party in town. It's elementary my dear Watson when you have DJ Suman and Akshay & Karthik (Resident dj F – Bar & Kitchen) on deck duty it is sure to be one helluva party.
A live DJ, belly dancers, fire dancers, and a fashion show the Happy club is throwing a crazy bash this New Year at the Hight street. Join them with your friends and loved ones for a party that is sure to bring a smile to your face.
This New year's Eve join us for the biggest 'Bollywood' NYE in Bangalore. Bollywood meets international as Belly dancers from Ukraine and International Lady DJ Amanda from Cape Town will be getting you warmed up along with the best Local talent playing your favorite Bollywood mixes to make you dance like no one's watching. There is also a spectacular Fireworks show planned to blow you away.
Party with the stars at"Fabulous 2016″ at the heart of the city at Race course road , Bangalore.
Miss Rachana (Miss Sankey and Miss South India queen tamilnadu runner up 2015) and Miss Sowmya (Miss Soundarya 2014 and Miss Karnataka 2015) will be there to up the glam quotient.
Unlimited IMFL drinks and buffet.
Vivanta by Taj is rolling out the Red Carpet for you, so put on your best tux for this bowtie affair. The glitz, glam and fanfare of the Red carpet awaits you this New Year. The price of entry includes a fabulous 5 course meal and some scrumptious starters as well as unlimited premium liquor.
Set the ramp on fire at Glam 2016. It's time for the most glitzy new year's eve party in Bangalore. DJ Arun and DJ Druva will be playing the best of Bollywood hits to keep you pumped. The party will also have a live Karaoke,the floor is open, so all those who want to sweep your partner off your feet can try to woo them with your singing skills.
Live up the night with DJ Karina, Shasha , Anish and Ritesh. Karina has been in the electronic music scene since 2006 playing at some of the top clubs in Moscow, like "Tochka", "Tabula Rasa", "ХО", "DK Gorbunova". Karina will be spinning the best of Commercial, House and EDM for all the party animals. This is one party you should not miss.
Welcome this new year under the illusion of the open skies at the KTPO center with DJ Krish Hart, DJ Nicole, and DJ Rishi. Let the Dj's make you to groove to the beats of Bollywood, House, Deep house and commercial genres of music. Post party, if you don't feel like heading back, you could just crash at the venue's accomodation by selecting the overnight packages. So, book your paasses now, before they get all sold out.
Let's celebrate this new year with Afro Drummers, fire jugglers, and B-Boyz with DJ GRV – Dubai and DJ Talaiva. They will be playing the best of tracks from backgrounds like African, Persian, Russian, Arabic, Hip-Hop, Dance, EDM, Pop, Bollywood and Punjabi.
Don't worry about driving back after attending this new years party, for the organisers of this party have released the stay packages, that gives you the chance to stay over at the venue post the party. From stage to couples, everyone is invited. So, welcome the new year in high spirits at the Clarks Exotica resorts.


text:
Abdennour Kaoua (en ), né le  à Alger (Algérie), est un footballeur international algérien. Il évoluait au poste de gardien de but.

Il compte deux sélections en équipe nationale en 1976.

Biographie

Avec le MC Alger, il remporte notamment une Coupe des clubs champions africains, cinq championnats d'Algérie et trois Coupes d'Algérie.

Il reçoit deux sélections en équipe d'Algérie lors de l'année 1976.

Palmarès
MC Alger
 Championnat d'Algérie de football (5) :
 Champion : 1972, 1975, 1976, 1978 et 1979
 Vice-Champion : 1970
 Coupe d'Algérie de football (3) :
 Vainqueur : 1971, 1973 et 1976
Supercoupe d'Algérie :
Finaliste : 1973

 Ligue des champions de la CAF (1) :
 Vainqueur : 1976

 Coupe du Maghreb des vainqueurs de coupe de football (2) :
 Vainqueur : 1972 et 1974

Coupe du Maghreb des clubs champions :
 Finaliste : 1976

Palmarès d'entraîneur

 Vainqueur de la Coupe d'Algérie 1983 avec le MC Alger.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance à Alger
Naissance en juin 1949
Footballeur international algérien
Gardien de but au football
Joueur du MC Alger


Businesses who discharge a large amount of liquid waste as part of their operations are subject to certain restrictions on the disposal of this waste.
Depending on what the liquid waste consists of, there are a number of different methods that businesses can adopt to ensure that their waste is being disposed of responsibly and within the law.
Discharge through the public sewers – waste that is classed as domestic waste, which includes from toilets and sinks, can be safely discharged into the public sewer without the need for a permit. For larger volumes of liquid waste, or waste that is likely to contain food or hazardous materials, a permit from your water company is needed, which may incur trade effluent charges.
On-site treatment – if you're unable to receive permission for your trade effluent from your water supplier, or the costs are too much, treatment of the liquid waste on site is possible. Treating the waste to remove any hazardous materials or organic matter so that it is permissible to be discharged into the public sewer system can also lower your effluent charges.
Tankered Waste Collection – If on-site treatment is not an option, or your premises is not connected to the public sewer system, tankered waste services are the best option. Arrange for your waste to be collected, and it will be transported to a sewage treatment centre. You may need to provide a sample of the liquid waste you will be disposing of in advance, so that the sewage treatment facility is aware of exactly what processes need to be performed on the waste.
When disposing of waste, businesses are obliged to conform to a duty of care under UK laws set out by the Environment Agency. These responsibilities include: keeping waste to a minimum and ensure all reasonable measures are taken to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste; sorting and storing waste safely and securely by ensuring it is clearly labelled and poses no risk of leaking and threatening the environment; complete all necessary documentation, including waste transfer notes; ensure that your waste carrier is in possession of all the correct permissions and are registered to dispose of waste, and are doing so legally.
When disposing of hazardous waste, additional obligations apply, including the correct classification of your waste to check if it's hazardous; responsible, safe and secure storage of hazardous waste; only contracting waste handlers who have the authority and correct environmental permits to treat hazardous waste; and ensure that all paperwork including consignment notes and rejection notes are maintained.


text:
Dhanmondi Shahi Eidgah
The 'Dhanmondi Shahi Eidgah' is located at Saat Masjid road in Dhanmondi residential area of Dhaka in Bangladesh. It is a monumental structure built during the Mughal Empire in 1640 CE. The Mughal subehdars and diwans living in this land used to come to the Eidgah for Eid prayers. People still gather at the place for Eid prayer congregation. As a matter of fact, conservationist architect Abu Sayeed M Ahmed once wrote, "This Eidgah is the oldest surviving Mughal monument in Dhaka city. There is no second one with the architectural forms and features similar to it." (Source: A Daily Star report that was published on January 29, 2009). The Eidgah spreads over around 3.5 bighas of land. The Eidgah for Eid congregating was a platform measuring 148 feet by 137 feet in size raised from the surrounding land by 4–6 feet. It was oblong in plan, with thick brick walls enclosing the courtyard on all side except east. The 15-foot high west wall, the only surviving part of it, has a 5-foot deep four –centred and stilted arched semi-octagonal Mihrab with an inscription on top. It was decorated with multi-cusped arch and flanked by shallow subsidiary niches, three on each side. (Collected from Wikipedia)
Apu Nazrul
Dhol-samudra Dighi, Kaliakair
Taj Mahal, Sonargaon


On the final week of Carmen Glitzmas we are giving you our final glitz gift guide this time 'For the family', the perfect presents for everyone to share this Christmas.
As sharing is caring let start off with Carmen's very own shiatsu foot warmer massager, not only is this gift perfect for the cold winter nights, but it's easy to use control panel makes adjusting to meet any member of the families personally needs a simple task. This foot massager's rotating massage nodes deliver a kneading shiatsu massage to the soles of your feet, therefore helping you not only kick back and relax but helps relieve stress and allows you to be pampered in ultimate comfort.
The nights are getting colder as we head into 2018 and we want to make sure you are all prepared. Why not buy Carmen's rechargeable hot water bottle, with only 15 minutes charge get up to 2 hours of use and also saving you the hassle of having to constantly refill the water. Not only for keeping you warm at night but also helping to ease your aches, pains and improve your blood circulation.
Finally why not wrap up Carmen's compact hair dryer to put under your tree this Christmas. With features such as a folding handle, fast blow dry and 3 metre long cord making it ideal for storing and taking on holidays for all of the family to use.
Keep up to date with everything Carmen on our social channels. Head over to our Facebook, Twitter and Instagram and don't forget to like and follow! You can also tag us in yours photos at #CarmenReady, we'd love to see your style!