text:
Q: Setup.py Install Package under a different top level name I have a project such as:
myproject
    setup.py
    -myproject
       -package1
       -package2

I am using a setup.py as:
NAME='myproject'
setup(
    name=NAME,
    version=VERSION,
    description=DESCRIPTION,
    long_description=long_description,
    long_description_content_type='text/markdown',
    author=AUTHOR,
    author_email=EMAIL,
    python_requires=REQUIRES_PYTHON,
    url=URL,
    packages=find_packages(exclude=('tests',)),
    package_data={NAME: ['VERSION']},
    install_requires=require(),
    extras_require={},
    include_package_data=True)

When I install (pip install -e .) this I can access the packages as import myproject.package1. However, I want to change this so I instead import it as import mynewname.package1. In the example above when changing NAME=mynewname and then installing, the packages become no longer visible, and import mynewname gives a ModuleNotFoundError.
I don't want to change the name of the project or structure, just the top level name under which the package is installed. Something like import mynewname.myproject.package1 would also work, but i'm unsure of how to do this.
Thanks


A Virginia man's trip to Queens for a family wedding was interrupted by crime early yesterday when he came to the aid of a thug who had just been shot in a possible turf war, cops said.
Victor Smith, 41, said he was visiting his old Long Island City neighborhood to see friends and family before serving as an usher at a cousin's North Jersey nuptials last night.
Around 6:11 a.m., Smith went to a deli.
A man collapsed in front of the bodega and Smith put pressure on the wounds to stop the bleeding until help arrived.
The victim was taken to Elmhurst General Hospital.
He had been arrested previously for cocaine and marijuana possession, police said.
Cops said they think that he might have been shot in an attempt to reclaim control of his "old turf" in the drug-infested neighborhood.


text:
Food and Drink, Life
The Japanese Cast Iron Teapot Explained
All you need to know about the Japanese cast iron teapot.
Embraced by foodies, professional chefs and amateur cooks alike, cast iron pots, pans, and kettles have become increasingly more popular over the past few years. Everyone seems to have at least one cast iron item they swear by and use frequently, despite the somewhat intimidating (for cast iron novices, that is) seasoning process and maintenance requirements. Plus, there are many designs to choose from: fish pans, the Japanese cast iron teapot, Dutch ovens, sauce pans, large pots – you name it.
With a history that dates back hundreds of years in Eastern countries, cast iron vessels also bring an old time charm to modern living spaces. Yet one design in particular has stood out among the others: the Japanese cast iron teapot. Used in the tea ceremony, this type of teapot is made specifically for the boiling of the water. Not tea brewing, just water boiling. This transforms a small iron object into a veritable symbol of mindfulness. It's the epitome of "slow living", and it's also crafted to last a lifetime.
The tetsubin is the epitome of a traditional tea ceremony, of the process of brewing tea slowly, in a ritual that demands patience and care.
Named "tetsubin" in Japanese, this type of teapot goes back to the 17th-century. Made in Morioka city and Mizusawa city, both in the Iwate prefecture, the kettle is part of the Nambu Tekki category of ironware, which refers to all cast iron products crafted in the former Nambu area. Nambu Tekki itself has origins in the Nambu Kama kettles and ironware, which date back to the Sengoku period, which lasted between 1467 and 1600. Even today, these teapots are almost exclusively crafted in the Iwate prefecture by skilled artisans who use the same traditional techniques.
While crafted in Japan for hundreds of years, the Japanese cast iron teapot didn't become popular until the 18th and 19th centuries, its demand growing over the years up until the start of WWII. The designs from this era vary from minimalist and pared-down to intricately decorated. The latter category includes kettles with ornaments in high relief as well as teapots with gold or bronze inlays. Some of these designs have been included in museum and private collections, albeit in a limited number. This is due to the fact that the teapots were – and still are – crafted on a relatively small scale by master artisans.
In the late '90s, a new type of design, created specially for the European and Western markets, introduced brighter colors. As some workshops began collaborations with international designers, the traditional tetsubin entered a new chapter and became a sought-after product throughout the world.
Courtesy of Iwachu
The Appeal of the Japanese Cast Iron Teapot
Unlike any other types of kettles, tea lovers use a tetsubin only for boiling the water for the tea ceremony. The interior of the vessel is left uncoated. Put more simply, if your cast iron kettle has an enamel finish on the interior, it's not a true tetsubin. The "raw" surface of these traditional Japanese teapots allows the iron to seep through into the water during the boiling process. This changes the taste of the water and ultimately makes tea mellower and sweeter.
Tea made with boiling water from a tetsubin also tastes richer and less bitter, offering a smoother flavor. Apart from the taste, tetsubin users also reap the health benefits of getting a free iron supplement with every cup of tea. Of course, you can also use your Japanese cast iron teapot to boil water for coffee. Different types of teapots provide a subtly different water taste. Depending on the composition or the raw materials, the techniques used to craft the teapot, and the porosity of the cast iron, each tetsubin is one-of-a-kind and has a specific effect on the taste of water and the resulting cup of tea. The cast iron build also helps to maintain the water hot for a longer period of time.
We left the best for last. You only buy a Japanese cast iron teapot if you really love tea and if you don't mind putting in a bit of effort to make a cup. After all, the tetsubin is the epitome of a traditional tea ceremony, of the process of brewing tea slowly, in a ritual that demands patience and care. You're required to pay attention to every step and to enjoy the process just as much as you delight in the result. A tetsubin is quintessential "slow living." It gives the tea making routine the solemnity of an ancient ritual. At the same time, this process brings mindfulness to an ordinary, everyday activity, making every cup of tea special.
© Soichi Murazumi
The Crafting Process
To even gain the title of "traditional craftsman", the artisans have to train for ten years. Every tetsubin is crafted by hand through a process that involves many steps. First, the craftsmen make sand, clay, or dry molds by hand, shaping the material and adding ornamental work. A time consuming process, this stage helps to create the products' distinctive patterns. Designs range from the Arare dot pattern to the Hada texture and the intricate animal or floral motifs. Then, the craftsmen pour molten iron into the molds. Traditionally, high-end Japanese cast iron teapots will feature a clay mold, while the sand molds suit everyday use kettles, exports, and time-efficient manufacturing.
To make each teapot, the craftsmen bring together several components: the external and internal molds as well as the molds for the spout, lid and lid knob. Designed to minimize overheating, the handles feature a thinner piece of forged iron which may be hollow or solid. Either way, the handle will never get hot during the water boiling process.
After the iron has cooled down, the artisans remove the mold and begin the next process. Baked in a charcoal fire, the teapots become "activated" as the fire removes the oxygen from the surface of the cast iron. This crucial stage makes all the difference between a simple iron kettle and a real tetsubin, as the porous surface of the teapot has the ability to change the composition of the water. The teapots also change color, becoming blueish gray.
The finishing of the teapots involves heating up the cast iron to a certain temperature and applying a natural lacquer coating made from the sap of the Urushi tree. Polishing the lacquer on the embossed surfaces adds the last finishing touch. This step also creates a contrast between the matte surface of the "raw" iron interior and the glossy accents on the exterior.
The crafting process of each Japanese cast iron teapot, when completed entirely by hand, lasts about a week. As a result, some of these teapots may have a steeper price, but ultimately you do get what you pay for. Modern technology, such as the use of electric smelting devices, has allowed workshops to speed up the manufacturing process while still preserving that artisan build and the handcrafted label.
The Rules of Using a Japanese Cast Iron Teapot
When using a tetsubin for the first time, you should boil water and throw it out, repeating the process for a few times. This removes the odor from a new teapot. If this step fails to eliminate the scent of the cast iron teapot completely, place a few tea leaves or ginger in the boiling water. These natural ingredients have antioxidant properties and protect the iron surface while removing that new cast iron kettle odor.
One of the most important rules to remember? Never heat an empty tetsubin, as you may damage the teapot and even cause cracks to appear. When boiling several batches of water, you should always leave a small amount of hot water inside the teapot before adding extra cold water. Adding cold water to a hot teapot will cause the cast iron to shrink and then crack.
While traditionally used with charcoal fires that didn't create moisture and thus make rust appear on the exterior, these days tea aficionados have to settle for stove tops. Gas and induction stoves are safe to use, but for the latter you should keep the heat to a lower setting to protect the kettle for long-term use. If heated with intense heat on an induction stove, a tetsubin may become brittle over time and even crack. Using these modern heating sources also creates water vapor, which leads to rust on the bottom of the teapot. This is completely normal. However, if you want to remove the exterior rust for aesthetic reasons or if there's too much build-up, you can use green tea which will also darken the color of your kettle.
Finally, you should never leave water in your kettle for a longer period of time, as this may cause rust to develop on the interior of your teapot. Should that happen, don't worry, we have a solution for you in the next section.
After weeks of use, all Japanese cast iron teapots develop red and white spots. These are minerals from the surface of the cast iron and from the build-up of calcium carbonate caused by use. Neither of them should be removed, as they contribute to the specific taste of the water and they also prevent rust.
Speaking of rust, your cast iron teapot WILL develop rust in time and with use. Using water from a rusted iron kettle is safe for consumption. In Japan, some traditional recipes even include the addition of a rusted nail to add more color to dishes. But you should remove rust when it accumulates, as it will eventually weaken the cast iron and reduce the durability of your teapot. To safely remove rust from cast iron kettles, boil green oolong tea or green tea leaves in water and leave the concoction to cool off in the teapot. These natural antioxidants will reduce the rust and will give the interior a darker color.
Never use coarse sponges or detergents to clean your kettle, as you may damage your Japanese cast iron teapot. For external rust, you can use a soft cloth and liquid green tea. You can also use this process to rejuvenate the glossy surface of the lacquer finish and keep your teapot looking like new.
With proper care, a tetsubin can last for a lifetime. In truth, these teapots are also meant to become heirlooms, to be passed from one generation to the next.
© Yosuke Otomo
Available Styles and Designs
In the past, two main workshops produced the majority of Japanese cast iron teapots: Kibun-Do and Ryumon-Do. Intricate and often highly ornamented, these antique teapots look like works of art. If you want to own one, you need to search a bit – and have a larger sum to spare – as they are usually only available at auction.
More recently, workshops in the Iwate prefecture have begun collaborating with international designers to create a new generation of tetsubin products.
Some designers like Hisanori Masuda have also produced ironware and cast iron teapots themselves. Hisanori Masuda founded the Chushin Kobo workshop for this purpose, making a range of products with traditional methods but a contemporary design. Among the Chushin Kobo collection you can find the "Hiratsubo" design, which pays homage to tradition yet looks at home in modern interiors. The company's range also includes kettles with simple wood handles, which add a subtle Nordic feel to the minimalist Japanese design. Other Chushin Kobo teapots feature details inspired by Japanese history and ancient crest motifs.
Established in 1902 in the Iwate prefecture, Iwachu has become a leader in Nambu Tekki cast iron teapot production. The company has been making traditional cast iron products and teapots since the beginning, but has become well-known around the world thanks to a range of vibrant teapots. In 1996, a Paris-based specialty tea shop made a special inquiry, requesting kettles in brighter hues that contrasted the classic black or brown teapots. After three years of research and testing, Iwachu began producing blue, red, orange, and green kettles that became incredibly popular throughout Europe. The company now sells its products around the world, from China and Asia to the US.
Iwachu's tetsubin designs include the aforementioned vibrant kettles as well as more traditional options. In the latter category, you can buy a teapot with a classic dot pattern, painstakingly applied by hand with extreme precision. Vintage style designs are also available, including teapots with ornaments and a black and gold color with an antique-style patina.
Regardless of your choice, getting a traditional Japanese cast iron teapot will completely change the way you think about tea. It may make you re-discover the joy of drinking tea, all over again. And it may even remind you why you'll always be a tea lover.
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Cast Iron Kettles
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Android APIs

  android

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Interfaces

EGL

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  Added in API level 1

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    interface

EGL10

      implements

        EGL

        javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGL10

  Known Indirect Subclasses

              EGL11

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Summary

Constants

        int
        EGL_ALPHA_FORMAT

        int
        EGL_ALPHA_MASK_SIZE

        int
        EGL_ALPHA_SIZE

        int
        EGL_BAD_ACCESS

        int
        EGL_BAD_ALLOC

        int
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        int
        EGL_BAD_CONFIG

        int
        EGL_BAD_CONTEXT

        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
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        int
        EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_TYPE

        int
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        int
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        int
        EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED

        int
        EGL_PBUFFER_BIT

        int
        EGL_PIXEL_ASPECT_RATIO

        int
        EGL_PIXMAP_BIT

        int
        EGL_READ

        int
        EGL_RED_SIZE

        int
        EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE

        int
        EGL_RENDER_BUFFER

        int
        EGL_RGB_BUFFER

        int
        EGL_SAMPLES

        int
        EGL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS

        int
        EGL_SINGLE_BUFFER

        int
        EGL_SLOW_CONFIG

        int
        EGL_STENCIL_SIZE

        int
        EGL_SUCCESS

        int
        EGL_SURFACE_TYPE

        int
        EGL_TRANSPARENT_BLUE_VALUE

        int
        EGL_TRANSPARENT_GREEN_VALUE

        int
        EGL_TRANSPARENT_RED_VALUE

        int
        EGL_TRANSPARENT_RGB

        int
        EGL_TRANSPARENT_TYPE

        int
        EGL_VENDOR

        int
        EGL_VERSION

        int
        EGL_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION

        int
        EGL_WIDTH

        int
        EGL_WINDOW_BIT

Fields

          <nobr>
          public
          static
          final
          Object</nobr>
          EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY

          <nobr>
          public
          static
          final
          EGLContext</nobr>
          EGL_NO_CONTEXT

          <nobr>
          public
          static
          final
          EGLDisplay</nobr>
          EGL_NO_DISPLAY

          <nobr>
          public
          static
          final
          EGLSurface</nobr>
          EGL_NO_SURFACE

Public Methods

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglChooseConfig(EGLDisplay display, int[] attrib_list, EGLConfig[] configs, int config_size, int[] num_config)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglCopyBuffers(EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface, Object native_pixmap)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLContext</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglCreateContext(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, EGLContext share_context, int[] attrib_list)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLSurface</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglCreatePbufferSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, int[] attrib_list)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLSurface</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglCreatePixmapSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, Object native_pixmap, int[] attrib_list)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLSurface</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglCreateWindowSurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, Object native_window, int[] attrib_list)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglDestroyContext(EGLDisplay display, EGLContext context)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglDestroySurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetConfigAttrib(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, int attribute, int[] value)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetConfigs(EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig[] configs, int config_size, int[] num_config)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLContext</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetCurrentContext()</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLDisplay</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetCurrentDisplay()</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLSurface</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetCurrentSurface(int readdraw)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            EGLDisplay</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetDisplay(Object native_display)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            int</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglGetError()</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglInitialize(EGLDisplay display, int[] major_minor)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglMakeCurrent(EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface draw, EGLSurface read, EGLContext context)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglQueryContext(EGLDisplay display, EGLContext context, int attribute, int[] value)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            String</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglQueryString(EGLDisplay display, int name)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglQuerySurface(EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface, int attribute, int[] value)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglSwapBuffers(EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglTerminate(EGLDisplay display)</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglWaitGL()</nobr>

        <nobr>
            abstract

            boolean</nobr>

        <nobr>
        eglWaitNative(int engine, Object bindTarget)</nobr>

Constants

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_ALPHA_FORMAT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12424
                (0x00003088)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_ALPHA_MASK_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12350
                (0x0000303e)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_ALPHA_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12321
                (0x00003021)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_ACCESS

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12290
                (0x00003002)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_ALLOC

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12291
                (0x00003003)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_ATTRIBUTE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12292
                (0x00003004)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_CONFIG

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12293
                (0x00003005)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_CONTEXT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12294
                (0x00003006)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_CURRENT_SURFACE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12295
                (0x00003007)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_DISPLAY

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12296
                (0x00003008)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_MATCH

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12297
                (0x00003009)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_NATIVE_PIXMAP

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12298
                (0x0000300a)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_NATIVE_WINDOW

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12299
                (0x0000300b)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_PARAMETER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12300
                (0x0000300c)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BAD_SURFACE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12301
                (0x0000300d)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BLUE_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12322
                (0x00003022)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_BUFFER_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12320
                (0x00003020)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_COLORSPACE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12423
                (0x00003087)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_COLOR_BUFFER_TYPE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12351
                (0x0000303f)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_CONFIG_CAVEAT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12327
                (0x00003027)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_CONFIG_ID

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12328
                (0x00003028)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_CORE_NATIVE_ENGINE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12379
                (0x0000305b)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_DEPTH_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12325
                (0x00003025)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_DONT_CARE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                -1
                (0xffffffff)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_DRAW

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12377
                (0x00003059)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_EXTENSIONS

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12373
                (0x00003055)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_GREEN_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12323
                (0x00003023)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_HEIGHT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12374
                (0x00003056)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12432
                (0x00003090)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_LARGEST_PBUFFER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12376
                (0x00003058)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_LEVEL

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12329
                (0x00003029)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_LUMINANCE_BUFFER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12431
                (0x0000308f)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_LUMINANCE_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12349
                (0x0000303d)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_MAX_PBUFFER_HEIGHT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12330
                (0x0000302a)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_MAX_PBUFFER_PIXELS

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12331
                (0x0000302b)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_MAX_PBUFFER_WIDTH

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12332
                (0x0000302c)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NATIVE_RENDERABLE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12333
                (0x0000302d)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12334
                (0x0000302e)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_TYPE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12335
                (0x0000302f)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NONE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12344
                (0x00003038)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NON_CONFORMANT_CONFIG

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12369
                (0x00003051)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12289
                (0x00003001)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_PBUFFER_BIT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                1
                (0x00000001)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_PIXEL_ASPECT_RATIO

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12434
                (0x00003092)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_PIXMAP_BIT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                2
                (0x00000002)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_READ

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12378
                (0x0000305a)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_RED_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12324
                (0x00003024)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12352
                (0x00003040)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_RENDER_BUFFER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12422
                (0x00003086)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_RGB_BUFFER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12430
                (0x0000308e)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SAMPLES

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12337
                (0x00003031)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12338
                (0x00003032)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SINGLE_BUFFER

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12421
                (0x00003085)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SLOW_CONFIG

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12368
                (0x00003050)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_STENCIL_SIZE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12326
                (0x00003026)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SUCCESS

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12288
                (0x00003000)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_SURFACE_TYPE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12339
                (0x00003033)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_TRANSPARENT_BLUE_VALUE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12341
                (0x00003035)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_TRANSPARENT_GREEN_VALUE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12342
                (0x00003036)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_TRANSPARENT_RED_VALUE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12343
                (0x00003037)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_TRANSPARENT_RGB

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12370
                (0x00003052)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_TRANSPARENT_TYPE

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12340
                (0x00003034)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_VENDOR

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12371
                (0x00003053)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_VERSION

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12372
                (0x00003054)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_VERTICAL_RESOLUTION

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12433
                (0x00003091)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_WIDTH

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                12375
                (0x00003057)

        public
        static
        final
        int

        EGL_WINDOW_BIT

  Added in API level 1

        Constant Value:

                4
                (0x00000004)

Fields

        public
        static
        final
        Object

        EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY

  Added in API level 1

        public
        static
        final
        EGLContext

        EGL_NO_CONTEXT

  Added in API level 1

        public
        static
        final
        EGLDisplay

        EGL_NO_DISPLAY

  Added in API level 1

        public
        static
        final
        EGLSurface

        EGL_NO_SURFACE

  Added in API level 1

Public Methods

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglChooseConfig
      (EGLDisplay display, int[] attrib_list, EGLConfig[] configs, int config_size, int[] num_config)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglCopyBuffers
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface, Object native_pixmap)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLContext

      eglCreateContext
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, EGLContext share_context, int[] attrib_list)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLSurface

      eglCreatePbufferSurface
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, int[] attrib_list)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLSurface

      eglCreatePixmapSurface
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, Object native_pixmap, int[] attrib_list)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLSurface

      eglCreateWindowSurface
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, Object native_window, int[] attrib_list)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglDestroyContext
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLContext context)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglDestroySurface
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglGetConfigAttrib
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig config, int attribute, int[] value)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglGetConfigs
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLConfig[] configs, int config_size, int[] num_config)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLContext

      eglGetCurrentContext
      ()

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLDisplay

      eglGetCurrentDisplay
      ()

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLSurface

      eglGetCurrentSurface
      (int readdraw)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        EGLDisplay

      eglGetDisplay
      (Object native_display)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        int

      eglGetError
      ()

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglInitialize
      (EGLDisplay display, int[] major_minor)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglMakeCurrent
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface draw, EGLSurface read, EGLContext context)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglQueryContext
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLContext context, int attribute, int[] value)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        String

      eglQueryString
      (EGLDisplay display, int name)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglQuerySurface
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface, int attribute, int[] value)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglSwapBuffers
      (EGLDisplay display, EGLSurface surface)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglTerminate
      (EGLDisplay display)

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglWaitGL
      ()

  Added in API level 1

        public

        abstract

        boolean

      eglWaitNative
      (int engine, Object bindTarget)

  Added in API level 1

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Our morning bathing area gets bathed in sunlight in stunning Belize.
Just another beautiful sunset over Baja, as seen from our friend's house, south of San Felipe.
Yes, I did have to climb up onto the temple wall at Chichen itza to get the I needed to line up the iguana and the moon.
Well, we had the sunset, the beach and a tripod, so we had to!
While tourist's snapped photos of the Chichen Itza's main temples, I was climbing a tree in order to get the line of sight I knew I needed to line up this iguana and the moon. I was eventually asked to climb down by the on-site security. i think it was worth it.
The Fortress at Chichen itza is probably one of the most famous Mayan temples in the world. We use a number of apps on Lisa's iPhone to calculate when and where we needed to be in order to photograph the temple and moon.
We enjoy a cold beer at Coco's Corner in Northern Baja as the sun sets.
Trying to outrun a huge storm as we ride south from Prudhoe Bay and back to Coldfoot.


Pictured with Dr. Patla and Dr. Paris, students Nikki Huffman, Tess Jansse and Elena Madueno accepted the Honorable Mention award at the Foundation Gala on behalf of USA students.
During the fall trimester, the Physical Therapy Student Advocacy Forum began their participation in the Pittsburgh-Marquette Challenge, a fundraising competition among physical therapy and physical therapist assistant programs designed to raise money for the Foundation for Physical Therapy. The students at USA recognized an opportunity to support and contribute to research funding that would benefit their future clinical practices.
The project began with small, locally attended fundraisers, including team jersey and t-shirt days on the St. Augustine campus. With gradual increase, the events held became larger in size and eventually included the participation of our San Diego campus. A small group of students from both campuses collaborated to plan events and activities to raise money for the challenge and achieved success in encouraging a large percentage of their peers to both support and participate in the events. What started initially as a group of two or three students who wanted to achieve something positive for their profession, turned into hundreds of participants spanning the nation in support of a greater good!
The main events on the St. Augustine campus included a Halloween costume party, a flag football tournament and the chilly polar bear plunge. The main events organized on the San Diego campus included penny wars, golf-frisbee tournaments and jersey days.
A grand total of $4,970.15 was raised for the Pittsburgh-Marquette Challenge. This resulted in the USA team being among only 15 out of 62 schools nationwide to raise over $3,000, which earned them an Honorable Mention Award.
This award was presented to USA students at the Foundation Gala, held during the Annual APTA conference in National Harbor, MD in June. The money raised will be used to fund further research to support the profession. Beyond earning the award and being recognized at the celebration, the students at USA have truly learned the meaning of teamwork. Their passion as advocates for patient rights shows they want to provide the best care possible. They not only worked together with their peers to overcome obstacles, but they were lucky enough to surpass their original goals. The results were only a small reflection of the potential for change that is continually being pursued by the PT profession. USA students have shown that both their passion and their pockets stretch much deeper than they knew for their future careers!


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Q: Create BigQuery views through Terraform only for some tables I am trying to create views in BigQuery but I don't need a view for each of the underlying tables. I know there is already this question that covers the topic but there is a subtlety in my case and I can't figure out how to cope with it.
It all comes down to the fact that, in my Terraform project, we constantly loop over variables. So if I add a loop in the dynamic view block as suggested in the hyperlink I gave, I get a loop inside a loop and things get messy:

No more than 1 "view" blocks are allowed

In addition to that, I get another error when I make use of the each.value["has_view"] == true condition:

The true and false result expressions must have consistent types. The
given expressions are string and tuple, respectively.

Which I don't understand because I don't get why Terraform is seeing strings.
So here is the code in my main.tf:
resource "google_bigquery_table" "table" {
  for_each            = var.bq_tables
  project             = each.value["project"]
  dataset_id          = each.value["dataset_id"]
  table_id            = each.value["table_id"]
  deletion_protection = false
  schema              = file("${path.module}/mySchemaPath/${each.value["table_id"]}.json")
  labels = {
    "env" = var.env
  }
}

resource "google_bigquery_table" "view" {
  for_each            = var.bq_tables
  project             = each.value["project"]
  dataset_id          = each.value["dataset_id"]
  table_id            = "v_${each.value["table_id"]}"
  deletion_protection = false
  dynamic "view" {
    for_each            = var.bq_tables_operational
    content {
      query           = each.value["has_view"] == true ? file("${path.module}/myViewPath/${each.value["table_id"]}.sql") : []
      use_legacy_sql  = false
    }
  }
  labels = {
    "env" = var.env
  }
  depends_on = [google_bigquery_table.table]
}

And my variables are as follows:
variable "env" {
  type = string
}

variable "bq_tables" {
  type = map(object({
    project    = string
    dataset_id = string
    table_id   = string
    has_view   = bool
  }))
  default = {}
}

How can I loop over my views and at the same time their underlying tables while keeping the possibility to bypass the view creation for some of those tables?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
FDA Gives Green Light to Phase 2 Trial of NurOwn Stem Cell Therapy in Progressive MS Patients
by Alberto Molano, PhD | December 19, 2018
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics' request to open a Phase 2 clinical trial testing the safety and effectiveness of its proprietary NurOwn mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
The request was in the form of Investigational New Drug (IND) application, and BrainStorm plans to launch the study in early 2019.
"We are excited about the launch of early testing of this cell-based approach to treating progressive MS, for which there are few treatment options," Bruce Bebo, executive vice president of research at the National MS Society, said in a press release. "We look forward to better understanding the potential benefits and safety of this and other cell-based therapies for MS."
Stem cells have the ability to develop into different cell types, and to replace damaged or dying cells in the body. There are different types of stem cells, and therapies based on these cells are being investigated for several diseases, including MS.
NurOwn cells are MSCs obtained from a patient's bone marrow — the spongy tissue inside bones — and grown in the lab under patented conditions in order to induce the cells to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors (NTF), molecules that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of neurons. These MSC-NTF cells are then injected back into the patient intravenously or into the spinal canal.
Experiments with mice suggest that injected NurOwn stem cells do not themselves replace damaged cells. Instead, the lab treatment customizes MSCs, converting them into biological factories that secrete high levels of NTFs, which in turn encourage neural stem cells to replace damaged cells.
NTFs may also exert a therapeutic effect in progressive MS by other mechanisms. They can improve neuronal survival following injury, protecting cells from oxidative stress (an imbalance between the body's production of potentially harmful reactive oxygen species and its ability to contain them), and they can modulate the immune response, shifting it from proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory, dampening the autoimmune damage done to myelin (the protective cover of neurons that is destroyed in MS).
Currently, no autologous cell therapies are FDA-approved to treat MS or other neurological diseases.
"We are excited to participate in this Phase 2 clinical trial and hope that this innovative cell therapy approach leads to a new treatment option for patients with progressive MS," said Fred Lublin, MD, director of the Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis at Mount Sinai Medical Center. "We are particularly pleased to see a scientifically rigorous approach to advance the science of stem cell therapeutics."
NurOwn cell therapy is currently being evaluated for safety and efficacy in a Phase 3 clinical trial (NCT03280056) in up to 200 people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at sites in the U.S. This double-blinded and placebo-controlled study, which is recruiting eligible adults, administers the therapy three times bi-monthly via lumbar puncture (intrathecal injection) and is expected finish in July 2019.
The NurOwn technology was developed in the laboratories of researchers at Tel Aviv University.
Alberto Molano, PhD Alberto Molano was born in Bogotá, Colombia. He studied medicine at Universidad del Rosario and obtained a Ph.D. in Immunology from Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences in New York. He conducted research and authored or co-authored twenty publications on molecular and cellular immunology, autoimmunity, immunology of aging and parasite immunology.
BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics, clinical trials, FDA, MSC, neurotrophic factors, NTF, NurOwn, Stem Cells


text:
Досрочные всеобщие выборы в Перу проходили 8 апреля (парламентские и 1-й тур президентских) и 3 июня (2-й тур президентских) 2001 года. На них избирались президент и депутаты Конгресса Республики. Выборы проводились после того, как президент Альберто Фухимори во время своего турне в Азии объявил о своей отставке и попросил политического убежища в Японии.

В результате на президентских выборах победу одержал Алехандро Толедо от партии Возможное Перу, а его партия получила большинство в Конгрессе.

Результаты

Президентские выборы

Парламентские выборы

Примечания

Перу
Выборы в Перу
2001 год в Перу
Апрель 2001 года
Июнь 2001 года

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Prophet was not only victorious at Fatah Makkah but was also merciful when he let go the blood thirsty opponents by saying: "There shall be no reproof against you this day".
Soeshyant means the 'praised one' (refer Haisting's Encyclopedia), which translated in Arabic means Muhammad (pbuh).
Astvat-ereta is derived from the root word Astu which in Sanskrit as well as in Zend means 'to praise'. The infinitive Sitaudan in present day Persian means praising. It can also be derived from the Persian root word istadan which would mean 'one who makes a thing rise up'. Therefore Astvat-ereta means the one who praised, which is the exact translation of the Arabic word 'Ahmed' which is another name for Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The Prophecy clearly mentions both the names of the Prophet i.e. Muhammad ﷺ and Ahmed ﷺ.
"And there shall his friends come forward, the friends of Astvat-ereta, who are fiend-smitting, well thinking, well-speaking, well-doing, following the good law and whose tongues have never uttered a word of falsehood."
Here too Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is mentioned by name as Astvat-ereta. There is also a mention of the Prophet's friends as companions who will be fighting the evil; pious, holy men having good moral values and always speaking the truth. This is a clear reference to the Sahabas – the prophet's companions.
The sum and substance of the prophecy mentioned in Dasatir is, that when the Zoroastrian people will forsake their religion and will become dissolute, a man will rise in Arabia, whose followers will conquer Persian and subjugate the arrogant Persians. Instead of worshipping fire in their own temples, they will turn their faces in prayer towards Kaaba of Abraham (pbuh) which will be cleared of all idols. They (the followers of the Arabian Prophet), will be a mercy unto the world. They will become masters of Persia, Madain, Tus, Balkh, the sacred places of the Zoroastrians and the neighbouring territories. Their Prophet will be an eloquent man telling miraculous things.
This Prophecy relates to no other person but to Muhammad ﷺ.


Corporate crooks could face tougher penalties and watchdogs could have wider powers as a result of a review by the Australian Law Reform Commission.
The review, due to report in April 2020, will consider reforms to the criminal code and other relevant laws to provide a "simpler, stronger and more cohesive regime for corporate criminal responsibility", Attorney-General Christian Porter said on Wednesday.
"This includes consideration of any practical challenges to investigating and prosecuting these crimes," he said.


For more information, please visit the Lights of Christmas website. Directions and parking information is available here.
Until December 18, contact Jackie at ext. 126. From December 19-21, contact Christa at the front desk (ext. 107). Our offices are closed starting December 22 through the end of the year.
Samish members and guests must RSVP for this ticketed event.


Tag Archive: Going my Way!
The new single going my way of Vanilla Beans will be released on September 18th.
This is the 14th single by Vanilla Beans. But it is also the last of the shibuya-kei idol group that will disband in October.
It will be releasing under the label T-Palette Records, the former Vanibe label before moving to Avex Trax in 2015.
LinQ – Chiku-Taku / Going my Way!
LinQ's 5th single Chiku-Taku / Going my Way! (Chiku-Taku / ゴーイング マイ ウェイ!) will be released on January 30.
The limited edition comes with a DVD featuring music videos.


Description Arrival in Stockholm, Sweden for the Nobel Prize presentation, December 7, 1966. Charles B. Huggins (left), the William B. Ogden Distinguished Service Professor of Surgery at the University of Chicago is welcomed by Rolf Luft (back to camera), an endocrinologist at the Caroline Institute. Margaret Wellman Huggins (left) looks on.


This beautiful SV Frontier is equipped with a back-up camera, satellite radio Sirius with Bluetooth connectivity, voice command/recognition system, a bed liner and much more!!We sell hand-picked quality vehicles at a wholesale price. We work with over 30 credit unions to guarantee our customers the lowest price!! Good credit, bad credit? No problem we welcome financing for everyone!!!!
This vehicle is equipped with Bluetooth connectivity, rear wheel drive, and much more!We finance all our customers with good, bad, and no credit! We work with many different banks and credit unions to guarantee all our customers the best loan, the best interest rate, and the best deal!


text:
Q: How to deploy application to a new EC2 instance using existing AWS CodeDeploy Application and DeploymentGroup? I'm getting the following error message on deployment failure although the zip file in the s3 bucket contains the appspec.yml in the app root directory.
The Code Deployment Application and Deployment Group along with the Jenkins job I'm working with were workable with an EC2 instance. What I tried to do is to deploy the application to a new EC2 instance which has the same IAM role.
In the Environment configuration section of the Code Deployment Group, I checked Amazon EC2 instances and added the EC2 instance name to where I wanted to deploy the application.
I am very beginner with Code Deployment and overall AWS services.

The CodeDeploy agent did not find an AppSpec file within the unpacked revision directory at revision-relative path "appspec.yml". The revision was unpacked to directory "/opt/codedeploy-agent/deployment-root/8517bbbb-ba13-4173-afe9-20f3fa628e35/d-G5E9NUM39/deployment-archive", and the AppSpec file was expected but not found at path "/opt/codedeploy-agent/deployment-root/8517bbbb-ba13-4173-afe9-20f3fa628e35/d-G5E9NUM39/deployment-archive/appspec.yml". Consult the AWS CodeDeploy Appspec documentation for more information at http://docs.aws.amazon.com/codedeploy/latest/userguide/reference-appspec-file.html

Also I checked the /opt/codedeploy-agent/deployment-root/8517bbbb-ba13-4173-afe9-20f3fa628e35 directory of the EC2 instance which doesn't have d-G5E9NUM39


text:
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When Can a Juvenile Be Tried as an Adult in California?
Posted on November 2, 2020 December 8, 2021 by Alison Cohen
As a criminal defense lawyer with more than 19 years of focus on juvenile delinquency, one of the questions I hear often is "Can children be tried as adults?" The short answer is "yes", but only when specific conditions are met.
Teens can be tried as adults if:
They are 16 or 17 years old on the date the alleged crime is committed
they are charged with one or more felony offenses
the prosecutor asks the court to transfer the case to adult court.
They are at least 14 years old on the date the alleged crime is committed (children 13 and under cannot be charged as adults in California)
The crime is listed in subdivision (b) of Welfare and Institutions Code section 707: murder (intentionally killing someone), robbery (using force to steal from someone), forcible sexual assault (rape), kidnapping (forcibly moving someone against their will), assault with a firearm (shooting someone), etc.
They are not apprehended before they turn 21.
Why are some youth tried as adults?
The majority of 16 and 17-year-olds who come into court facing felony charges remain in juvenile court and are not tried as adults. The District Attorney must make a special motion asking the court to transfer a qualifying case into adult court. This typically happens in two scenarios:
When children commit serious and/or violent crimes like rape, robbery, assault with a firearm, murder, etc.
When children have a long history of committing felonies and seem incapable of being rehabilitated by the juvenile justice system.
For what crimes can juveniles be charged as adults?
California Welfare and Institutions Code section 707(b) lists specific crimes that qualify to be transferred to adult court:
Murder and attempted murder: intentionally killing someone or trying to kill someone
Arson causing great bodily injury to someone: intentionally burning a structure, forest land, or property and causing great bodily injury to someone in the process
Robbery: Using force or threats to steal property off someone's person
Forcible sexual assault:
• Rape with force, violence, or threat of great bodily harm
• Sodomy by force, violence, duress, menace, or threat of great bodily harm
• Lewd Act on a Child under the age of 14
• Oral copulation by force, violence, duress, menace, or threat of great bodily harm
• Sexual penetration by foreign object
Kidnapping: forcibly stealing, taking, holding, detaining, or arresting any person and carrying them somewhere else.
• For ransom: kidnapping for the purpose of demanding money for a person's safe return
• For purposes of robbery: kidnapping for the purpose of stealing from the person
• With bodily harm: kidnapping that causes bodily harm to the victim
• For purposes of sexual assault: kidnapping for the purpose of raping the victim, for example
• For purposes of carjacking: kidnapping for the purpose of stealing someone's car
Assault with a firearm or destructive device: shooting someone or detonating an explosive device with the intent to cause injury
Assault by any means of force likely to produce great bodily injury: hitting someone with a baseball bat, for example, is likely to cause serious injury
Discharge of a firearm into an inhabited or occupied building: shooting into a building where people are present
Crimes against specified elderly and disabled persons: murdering, raping, kidnapping, robbing, carjacking, or burglarizing the home of someone who is over 60 years old or severely disabled
Use of a firearm in the commission of a felony: using a gun to steal from a store, for example
Use of a weapon in the commission of a felony: using a baseball bat or a knife to steal from a store, for example
Intimidation of a witness: using threats or force to convince someone not to go to the police or testify in court
Inducing false testimony by bribery: offering money to a witness in exchange for them lying on the witness stand
Manufacturing, compounding, or selling one-half ounce or more of a salt or solution of a controlled substance listed as a "depressant": opium, hydrododone, morphine, cocaine, etc.
A violent felony as defined by California Penal Code section 667.5 committed as a gang member or assisting gang members: working with members of a known criminal street gang to commit a violent felony, such as robbery, carjacking, murder, etc.
Escape from custody by force or violence if great bodily injury is intentionally inflicted on an employee of the juvenile facility: intentionally hurting staff members in the process of trying to escape from a juvenile hall or camp
Torture: causing serious injury to someone for the purpose of causing extreme pain and suffering
Aggravated mayhem: purposefully causing permanent disability or disfigurement of a person; removing a member, limb or organ from someone's body
Carjacking: using a dangerous or deadly weapon to take someone's car from them while they are in it
Allowing a firearm into a car you own or are driving: letting someone bring a gun into your car or shoot from your car, whether or not you are personally present
Exploding a destructive device with intent to murder: exploding a bomb or other device with the intent to kill someone
Voluntary manslaughter: driving with gross negligence that results in someone's death, for example
How do children get to adult court?
When a case meets the criteria listed above, the District Attorney can make a motion to transfer the youth from juvenile court to adult court. That motion is typically made at the first court appearance or soon thereafter. At that point, the underlying case is put on hold. In other words, the child cannot proceed to trial or plead guilty to the charged offenses until the court decides whether the case will proceed in juvenile court or be transferred to adult court. This process usually takes several months.
When a motion to transfer is made, the court will order the Probation Department to prepare a report on the behavioral patterns and social history of the child. This report will include, among other things, a list of prior criminal offenses committed by the child, information provided by the child's parents about behavior in the home, academic and disciplinary information from the school district, and any services previously provided to the child by Probation or the Court.
A hearing date will be set for the court to hear evidence from Probation, the District Attorney, and the minor's counsel. At that hearing, the court must consider the following criteria:
• The degree of criminal sophistication exhibited by the child when he/she committed the crime
• Whether the child can be rehabilitated prior to the expiration of the juvenile court's jurisdiction (at 21 or 25 years old, depending on the crime)
• The child's previous delinquent history
• Success of previous attempts by the juvenile court to rehabilitate the child
• The circumstances and gravity of the charges
The District Attorney has the burden to prove at the hearing that the case should be transferred to adult court.
How can you prevent a juvenile from being tried as an adult?
Expert testimony is key to persuading a judge to keep a child in juvenile court.
A psychologist or psychiatrist can evaluate the child to diagnose mental health issues, recommend treatment, and identify mitigating factors that support keeping the case in juvenile court:
• lack of maturity
• lack of intellectual capacity
• impetuosity
• lack of an ability to understand risks and consequences of criminal behavior
• mental and emotional health problems at the time of the crimes
• the effect of familial, adult, or peer pressure on the child's actions
• the effect of childhood trauma on the child's criminal sophistication
An expert in corrections can identify rehabilitative services available through the juvenile justice system that the child will not receive if transferred to adult court:
• high school education
• substance abuse treatment
• appropriate counseling for childhood trauma
• protection from exploitation by adult inmates
These experts typically provide written reports that can be submitted to the court with a defense brief and can also testify at the transfer hearing.
What are the effects of juveniles being tried as adults?
There are many differences between the juvenile justice system and the adult criminal system. Both systems aim to protect the safety of the public, but the adult system tends to be more punitive and the juvenile system is designed to rehabilitate the minor so that he or she can become a law-abiding and productive member of the family and of the community. For instance:
• Juvenile adjudications do not count as criminal convictions and do not have to be disclosed on job applications. Adult convictions are public record and must be disclosed.
• Youth in juvenile court do not spend time in state prison. Youth convicted in adult court may be sent to the Division of Juvenile Justice or may be sentenced to serve time in state prison.
Why should we not try juveniles as adults?
Developments in psychology and brain science over the years confirm what most parents know instinctively: there are fundamental differences between juvenile and adult minds. Children are less able to control their behavior, appreciate long-term consequences, and stand up to peer pressure. They are less likely to understand the abstract principles of the criminal justice system, making it more difficult for them to have meaningful participation in court proceedings that will impact their future. Because their brains are still developing, teenagers who engage in criminal behavior are likely to grow out of it, even without court intervention. Transfer to adult court can entrench minors in a life of criminal behavior that they otherwise would have matured away from.
Children have different rehabilitative needs than adults. Because the brain changes so much during adolescence, appropriate intervention during these years can have a disproportionately positive impact on rehabilitation. Conversely, a lack of appropriate treatment in adolescence can have a disproportionately negative impact on rehabilitation. Children able to stay in the juvenile system have access to age-appropriate education and rehabilitative services that are designed for them. Children transferred to the adult system may be subject to long sentences in adult prison where they are deprived of age-appropriate services and exposed to increased risk of physical, sexual, and self-harm.
Real-world examples of juveniles facing transfer to adult court from our practice
Teen with substance abuse problem tried as juvenile instead of adult
A 17-year-old with a severe substance abuse problem was placed in a group home. He got swept up in a plan by other minors to steal a staff member's car and escape. In the process, the staff member was badly beaten. Our client was charged with serious and violent felonies and the District Attorney moved to transfer him to adult court. By thoroughly reviewing his history, we determined that our client had been assessed as needing a significantly higher level of treatment than the group home could provide. The client was mentally and emotionally unwell and experiencing severe withdrawal at the time of the incident. Childhood trauma left him emotionally and mentally immature and unable to make appropriate decisions under stress. The court ultimately found that there were appropriate treatment options available through the juvenile justice system and elected not to transfer him to adult court.
Manipulated 17-year-old girl tried as juvenile
A 17-year-old girl was dating a man in his forties. They were homeless. The adult male masterminded several burglaries of Target stores and sent the girl in to the stores so that she showed up on the surveillance cameras instead of him. Because the girl had a long delinquency record the DA asked to transfer her to adult court. After a hearing the judge kept her in juvenile court because the crimes were not violent and the girl was being manipulated by the adult male she was dating.
Non-violent teen with no prior record tried as juvenile
A17-year-old employee found a gun in the store bathroom. Instead of reporting it, he kept it. He was charged with stealing a gun and the DA moved to transfer him to adult court. Because he did not have a significant prior record and did not use the gun to threaten or hurt anyone, the judge found him suitable for juvenile court.
17-year-old with prior felonies tried as an adult
A 17-year-old boy with a long history of committing felonies robbed a store. He was close to turning 18 and had received multiple services from the juvenile court that had not succeeded in rehabilitating him. The judge transferred his case to adult court.
Juveniles can be tried as adults but only when they meet the criteria for transfer. A long history of delinquency and/or commission of serious felonies may trigger a transfer motion by the District Attorney. Children subject to transfer are entitled to a full hearing on the matter where the District Attorney has the burden to prove that the case should be sent to adult court.
Related: What You Need to Know About Having Juvenile Records Sealed
About Alison Cohen
Alison Cohen has been a criminal defense lawyer in Placer County for more than 23 years. With over 19 years of focus on juvenile delinquency, she has helped minors with cases ranging from low-level misdemeanors to serious felonies with consequences under the Three Strikes law. Alison has successfully diverted cases out of court, protected clients from transfer to adult court, and worked to ensure that juvenile records get sealed whenever possible.
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No sector or business can deny the impact and speed of this digital wave that is currently sweeping the global economy .The digital era has managed to turn everything upside down and had truly integrated itself in the banking and finance sectors. Digitalisation has taken a hold of both industries by its horns and times are changing and fast. Challenger , Transformer, Disruptor are just some of the phrases that describe some of the entrepreneurs and companies that are going up against the old guard . Brett Nicol reports on the latest waves affecting the industry.
It's almost hard to imagine that a few decades ago, convenience, speed and flexibility were considered as attractive add-ons when it comes to customer-bank relationship. Nowadays, it's a standard expectation. Challenger banks has sure helped to change the game and its rules .They were the first ones that started offering their customers more personalised and efficient services. Metro Bank in the UK is an excellent example . Being open to 8 pm each evening as well as both Saturday to Sunday while customer service is of the highest quality. So much so, yours truly was even persuaded to switch!
As the new wave of technology swept the banking sector, in order to stay competitive, traditional banks had to step up and rethink the way they do business, evaluating social and mobile capabilities.A few years ago, Deutsche Bank did a study on digitalisation and banking, called "Digitalisation and the Future of Commercial Banking", in which authors H. Forest and D. Rose said that "digitalisation is a trend, driven by 3 major forces: customer experience, technology push and economic benefits".
Digital revolution and digitalisation is not just about banks — it's also about customers all around the world that are looking for ways to transform the way they bank and manage their money. Digitalisation also means the emergence of new markets, products and services.
But it's also a challenge to the financial sector, because reaching customers and making their experiences one of a kind is not so easy anymore — maybe because at some point customers' base have actually changed. Why?
Sometimes referred to as "Generation Z", and other times referred to as "Generation Y on Red Bull", these customers of today have never lived in a world where information was not readily available at the touch of their fingertips, or through other interfaces, such as voice commands or fingerprint recognitions.The banking sector is no different from other businesses , they must think about providing additional value to customers.
However, in order to provide that value, one must know its customers really well, even in times when consumer behaviours are changing and evolving really fast which is the point itself as digitalisation has transformed manual processes, transactions and activities into digital services. And millennials — as well as their behaviours — are a really big part of this.
The reason for mentioning l? What do they have in common with banking sector and digitalisation? A great deal !!The millennial customer base is growing, and soon it will be more important than any previous generation. Reason being is simple , it all comes down to the fact that millennial generation is the largest one in history, with more spending power and technical knowledge than any other generation before it. They are highly mobile, technically savvy and prefer to have new ways to conduct their banking. They also want financial institutions to make banking less boring and more interactive and have their wants catered for…like ..yesterday!.
A report by ABA showed that banking providers actually tend to have troubles talking with millennials, as 71 percent of them would rather go to the dentist than listen to what banks are saying. It gets even better. As much as 85 percent of millennials, according to a study by Varo Money and Segmint, say that artificial intelligence could help them better manage their finances, so banks and credit unions should use digital tools and AI to deliver the financial insights that they crave for..
"It's a new era of banking. Adjusting to new regulations, pressure to reduce operating costs and refocusing on core operations have made it challenging for banks to realise the full benefits of digitalisation and maximise the time they spend providing value to their customers. Those who succeeded are using internal and external data, AI and the power of technology to create completely new experiences for their customers and employees alike and provide more value to customers.", said D. Judge, Head of Business Commercial Excellence at Ulster Bank.
Banks are generally good at gathering data, but the problem is that they are not always good at interpreting it and revealing the most important insights from it that are necessary to provide new, exciting and sophisticated experiences to customers.
It is essentially massively important for banks to strategically connect their businesses with the vast amount of data available to them: this way they become capable of building intelligence on customers' evolving needs, which results in driving value.
Banks must invest in technological capabilities that allow them to become more intelligent about their customers. Ideally this means understanding the needs of the customer without taking any direct feedback. It is also one of the reasons why banks are investing huge sums into AI.
Barclays, Deutsche Bank, Lloyds and other major players have already announced billions of euros of investment in this area. And others will follow as well.
Europe can be proud of having a number of banks that responded to the digitalisation challenge and embraced it with open arms. Barclays was one of the first banks to switch to internet and digital banking, a switch we now know went down extremely well with customers..
Metro Bank — as mentioned above is already a hugely successfully digitalised retail bank . It has been very clever as it has managed to outsource its IT component entirely, ensuring that its digital offering is infinitely scalable and able to fulfil regulatory reporting requirements fast and cost-effectively.
SEB Bank, one of Sweden's leading bank, won an award in last year's World's Best Digital Banks ceremony, claiming the title of the "Best Corporate/Institutional Digital Bank for Central and Eastern Europe". It was highly commended for launching an innovation centre and labs to enhance user experience, by incorporating external businesses and internal experts to create new products, improve daily operations and create new user experiences. Social media is an important part of SEB's online banking strategy, and this bank has a dedicated team that monitors social media to guarantee responses within few hours.
CaixaBank – one of Spain's biggest banking group, won an award for being the best corporate digital bank in Western Europe. This bank has more than 90 percent of its products and services available online and was also awarded as the best bank for social media.
Just a few days ago, on June 29th, MarketForce hosted a two-day conference in London, called "The Future of Digital Banking". Besides bringing global banks together to inform and present ideas and strategies to one another, this conference also aimed to discuss the future of banking sector — including the latest digitalisation challenges . An event very well attended by all accounts, with all the leading honchos in attendance. Questions were raised as to what does the future hold for banking sector? With blockchain and cryptocurrency still high on the agenda , and still hugely important , challenger banks artificial intelligence , alongside with millennial banking were the key topics.
In the upcoming 12 months for the banking industry some of the most important trends will be a mixture of :removing friction from the customer journey, the use of big data, AI, advanced analytics and cognitive computing, and improvements in integrated multichannel delivery.
think was possible five years ago. How they think about banking, money and success has shifted upside down, and it's all about experiences now. Although not just about digitalisation for financial companies anymore, customers are eager and ready, and the financial sector must simply keep pace.Banks are aware it's about re-inventing dated policies, processes and products for new and more discerning generations of connected consumers for bank not only to attract , but to stay.


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More than 40 million Americans report having a side hustle.
However, not all side gigs are the same. Some, are as restrictive as a full-time job, whereas others are more freeing.
A quarter of Americans earn money from digital platforms. But many don't know what opportunities await online. The internet offers a limitless number of ways to make passive income from anywhere in the world.
Read on to learn about residual income opportunities you can take advantage of right now!
It's now easier than ever to publish an e-book. With Kindle Direct Publishing, you can have your e-book on the Amazon store in less than 10 minutes. Using the iTunes Producer app, you can sell your e-book on the iTunes store as well.
If you have any story ideas floating around, spend some time every day chipping away at a novel. If you have expertise in a certain field that you're passionate about, write a nonfiction book on that topic.
The best part about publishing an e-book is that it won't cost you much upfront. You might have to pay for a cover design and editing, but the vast majority of e-book platforms are free to use.
Affiliate marketing is one of the best residual income opportunities available to anyone. It enables you to rake in commission for every sale that comes from a link on your site.
To start things off, find a niche to build your site around. Look for niches that are low-competition yet garner some interest.
Once you choose a niche, put together a website and begin coming up with content ideas. Conduct keyword research to find long-tail keywords you can rank for.
Finally, you'll need products to market. Clickbank features a huge selection of products across a wide variety of categories. You could also become an Amazon Affiliate and make money by linking to Amazon products.
Nearly 7 out of 10 academic leaders believe online learning is vital to their teaching. E-learning is now more popular than ever thanks to younger generations that grew up using the internet.
To take advantage of this opportunity, think about what you're good at. Maybe it's coding, or maybe you speak several languages. Regardless of what it is, you can become your own boss by creating an online course.
Record video lessons for your students. Put together pdf files or short e-books, and prepare emails for your students. You can even host your course on a site like Udemy.
When borrowers can't get a loan from a bank, they turn to peer to peer (P2P) lending. When done properly, being a P2P lender can help you become financially free.
As it stands, Lending Club and Prosper are the two biggest P2P lending platforms. Funding Circle and Upstart are two alternatives. Depending on the site you choose, minimum loans can range from $25-$100.
Keep in mind that if borrowers default, chances are slim that you can recoup your money. However, there are usually several lenders for each borrower. Therefore, use diversification to spread your risk across many borrowers.
Some passive income strategies require a lot of effort upfront. For example, you need to record many videos to put together an online course. But once the course is complete, you only have to update the curriculum every couple of years.
If you have a skill you can teach others, create an online course. If you enjoy writing, publish an e-book or write a blog for your affiliate marketing site. If you have some money sitting around, try P2P lending.
Choose the option that best suits your situation.