text:
Print June 11, 2017 8 comments
Heidegger & the Jewish Question, Part 4
Part 4 of 4. Part 1 here. Part 2 here. Part 3 here.
As Heidegger's letters on resisting the "Jewification" of German life indicate, he was not merely interested in understanding Jewish power, he also wished to combat it. Heidegger wished, however, to counter Jewish power on the most fundamental level, namely by fighting against the rootless, nihilistic modern world in which Jewish power flourished and for a new beginning, a rooted, meaningful world in which Jewish power would wither. He wanted to drain the swamp in which the mosquitoes flourish. Thus Heidegger constantly emphasizes the futility of fighting modern nihilism by means of modern nihilism.
To appropriate "culture" as a means of power and thus to assert oneself and affect a superiority is at bottom Jewish behavior. What follows from this for cultural politics as such? (1938–1939; GA 95: 326; trans. Polt)
Heidegger is referring here to at least three well-known Jewish phenomena.
First, there is the appropriation of European culture by Jewish collectors, connoisseurs, performers, and scholars, which—regardless of any genuine appreciation—is regarded as a "means of power," i.e., a pathway of Jewish upward mobility, of self-assertion and a desire for superiority within the status system of gentile society.
Second, there is the Jewish deconstruction of gentile culture. Jews have played a leading role in producing and promoting the deconstruction of European painting, sculpture, music, and literature, as well as religion, social structures, and sexual mores.
Third, Jews have played a leading role in producing and promoting a shallow, synthetic mass popular culture—films, popular music, comics, and the like—which has been weaponized with propaganda promoting rootless cosmopolitanism and nihilism.
Jewish cultural appropriation, deconstruction, and weaponization are all deeply inauthentic and manipulative relationships to culture. But, then again, it is not their culture.
For Heidegger, we do not so much "have" a culture as culture "has" us. This is the meaning of Heidegger's concept of "Ereignis," which is often translated as "appropriation." We are appropriated or enthralled by culture. An authentic relationship to culture is a form of identification and belonging—in essence, rootedness—that does not allow us to objectify, manipulate, construct, or deconstruct it. A synthetic, weaponized culture is no culture at all. It is simply propaganda, a specific form of machinational history-making. But Heidegger's remark can also be read as caution against National Socialist cultural politics falling into the same machinational and nihilistic Jewish pattern.
. . . maybe in this "struggle"—which struggles over goallessness itself and which hence can be only the caricature of "struggle"—the greater groundlessness will "triumph," which is bound to nothing and makes everything serviceable to itself (Jewry). (1938–1939; GA 95: 96-97; trans. Polt)
The "struggle" (Kampf) that Heidegger mentions here is the political, economic, cultural, and ideological battle between Germany and her opponents—primarily the British and international Jewry—that eventually led to the outbreak of the Second World War. Heidegger places this "struggle" in quotation marks to indicate that he thinks that it is only a superficial "caricature of 'struggle.'"
Heidegger states that the present "struggle" is a caricature of real struggle because it is merely "over goallessness itself," i.e., nihilism without bounds. For Heidegger, the true struggle is between modernity and the new beginning for European man that he hoped National Socialism heralded. The fake struggles of his time, however, all take place on the plane of modernity. They are over alternatives within modernity, not alternatives to modernity. For Heidegger, the true struggle is against nihilism, not between different versions of it.
If this is the case, however, then Heidegger raises a chilling question: if the fake "struggle" of our time is between different forms of nihilism, wouldn't the most nihilistic party have a systematic advantage? Other things being equal, wouldn't the purer nihilists "triumph"? (Heidegger also puts "triumph" in scare quotes to indicate that victory on the plane of nihilism is just as superficial as the struggle for it.)
Heidegger calls the most nihilistic party the "greater groundlessness," meaning the least rooted and thus the most lacking in meaning and measure. The greater groundlessness is "bound to nothing," meaning that it has no limits on its possible actions, which means that it can "make everything serviceable to itself." The more grounded a nation, the more it is bound to a specific identity, and the fewer things it can make serviceable to itself. Pure nihilists have no scruples, so they are willing to do anything to win. Impure nihilists are hampered by their residual scruples. Therefore, other things being equal, the purer nihilists will win. Heidegger indicates parenthetically that Jewry is the most nihilistic party in the current "struggle," thus the Germans are at a disadvantage.
The third and final passage is very clearly from a notebook. Heidegger's remarks are unusually cryptic, his thoughts jump from topic to topic without making the connections clear, and he entertains ideas that are not entirely consistent with his published views.
The anti-Christian [der Anti-christ], like every "anti," must stem from the same essential ground as that against which it is "anti"—that is, the same essential ground as "the Christian" ["der Christ"]. The Christian stems from Jewry [Judenschaft]. In the timeframe of the Christian West, that is, of metaphysics, Judaism is the principle of destruction. What is destructive in the reversal of the completion of metaphysics—i.e. of Hegel's metaphysics by Marx. Spirit and culture become the superstructure of "life"—i.e. of economics, i.e. of organization—i.e. of the biological—i.e. of the "people."
When what is "Jewish" in the metaphysical sense combats what is Jewish, the high point of self-annihilation in history has been attained—supposing that the "Jewish" has everywhere completely seized mastery, so that even the fight against "the Jewish," and it above all, becomes subject to it.
On this basis one must assess what it means, for thinking that enters the concealed, inceptive essence of the history of the Occident, to meditate on the first inception among the Greeks, which remained outside Judaism and thus outside Christianity. (circa. 1942–1945; GA 97: 20; trans. Polt)
Here Heidegger at least seems to ponder the possibility that all forms of opposition are futile, if indeed all opposition "must stem from the same essential ground as that against which it is 'anti.'" But perhaps Heidegger is overstating his case here. For is it really true that all opposition to Christianity somehow secretly affirms Christianity? Or is this true of only certain forms of opposition, such as secular liberal critiques which affirm and intensify Christian values?
Heidegger's thought process then jumps to the topic of Jewry. Christianity is a product of Jewry, but it is unclear what connection this has to the previous point about anti-Christianity. Is Christian opposition to Jewry futile because Christianity stems from Jewry? Perhaps, but Heidegger's initial point is about anti-Christianity, not anti-Semitism.
Heidegger then jumps to a particularly pregnant statement: "In the timeframe of the Christian West, that is, of metaphysics, Judaism is the principle of destruction."
First, what does Heidegger mean by equating metaphysics and the timeframe of the Christian West? This is only a rough equation, since Western metaphysics emerged in ancient Greece, centuries before the emergence of Christianity, but Christianity and Greek metaphysics became fused in late antiquity.
Second, in what sense is Judaism the principle of destruction within the age of metaphysics and the Christian West? It would make more sense and be more consistent with Heidegger's other statements if he spoke of Jewry as a people rather than Judaism as a religion. Judaism is present in Christianity at the beginning, but the principle of destruction manifests itself near the end of Christianity and metaphysics, i.e., in the emergence of modernity, i.e., the age of rootlessness and unbounded technological nihilism, the metaphysically "Jewish" age in which Jewry rises to power and drives modernity to its completion.
Heidegger's next remark seems to be an illustration of this principle: Marx's inversion of Hegel's metaphysics, transforming the realm of spirit and culture into a superstructure upon an economic basis. But Heidegger then equates Marxist materialism with other philosophies that treat spirit and culture as manifestations of more basic material forces.
The first material force is "life," which Heidegger himself puts in quotes. This is an allusion to Nietzsche and the tradition of "life philosophy" (Lebensphilosophie) that took its bearings from Nietzsche. Then Heidegger cites two more materialist principles: the "biological" and the "people" (Volk), the latter term in quotes as well. This is an obvious reference to National Socialism.
Thus Heidegger is equating Marxism, Nietzscheanism, and National Socialism insofar as they are all forms of cultural materialism. Beyond that, Heidegger is equating materialism—and thus Nietzscheanism and National Socialism—with Judaism, the "principle of destruction" within the "timeframe of the Christian West."
In the next paragraph, Heidegger paints National Socialist anti-Semitism as a combat between "what is 'Jewish' in the metaphysical sense," i.e., National Socialism, and "what is Jewish" in the factual sense, namely world Jewry itself. By putting "Jewish" in scare quotes, Heidegger distances himself from the usage of the word. He is using the word as National Socialists use it. But he is saying that they don't really know what they are talking about. What National Socialists call "Jewish" is simply modernity: rootlessness, globalization, and technological machination. But Heidegger's point is that National Socialism itself is "Jewish" in that sense of the word. The National Socialists thought they were fighting for rootedness and nationalism, but they unwittingly adopted the very ideas they rejected.
Thus National Socialist anti-Semitism, and the war in general, is "the high point of self-annihilation in history." It is "self-annihilation" because the opposed forces are the same insofar as they are both modernist, that is to say "Jewish," one in the metaphysical sense, the other in the factual sense.
To be clear, Heidegger is not saying that Jews in the factual sense are annihilating themselves, but that National Socialists and Jews are metaphysically the same (modern), so that in annihilating Jews, National Socialists are annihilating themselves. At first, Heidegger hoped that National Socialism would annihilate modernity. Later, he came to see the Second World War as modernity's annihilation of itself.
If in modernity, everything is what National Socialists call "Jewish"—rootless and nihilistic—then all resistance to what is Jewish (in a metaphysical or a factual sense) will be "Jewish" as well. Which means that resistance is futile. But again, Heidegger is overstating his case, for here he is leaving out the possibility of a genuine alternative to modernity, and we know that he believed that such an alternative—a new beginning—was possible.
This possibility is hinted at in the final paragraph. The argument of the previous paragraph takes place entirely on the plane of modern nihilism, and on that plane, it futile to resist one form of nihilism with another. In the final paragraph, however, Heidegger's discourse shifts to another plane. This shift is signaled by his reference to the "thinking that enters the concealed, inceptive essence of the history of the Occident," the realm from which metaphysics, modernity, and a new beginning might emerge.
How can such thinking contribute to a new beginning? Heidegger's only suggestion here is to "meditate on the first inception among the Greeks, which remained outside Judaism and thus outside Christianity." We can free ourselves from the Judeo-Christian cultural legacy by reconnecting with the other origin of the Western civilization, namely pagan Greece. But this is not the whole story for Heidegger, because the ancient Greeks are also the source of the metaphysical tradition that gives rise to modern nihilism. Thus, we must attune ourselves specifically to the pre-Socratic, pre-metaphysical Greeks like Heraclitus.
Heidegger's reflections on the apparent futility of fighting against modern nihilism within the framework of modern nihilism, against Jewry within the framework of "metaphysical" Jewishness—as well as his suggestion that a genuine form of resistance is possible by drawing upon hidden resources outside the frameworks of metaphysics and the Christian West—raise two questions.
First, although Heidegger eventually came to see National Socialism as a form of modern nihilism rather than an alternative to it, does this mean that he believed that National Socialism and the Second World War were entirely illegitimate and futile exercises, compared to the other options available on the political plane? Heidegger correctly believed that the Second World War was set in motion by the organized Jewish community, which created a coalition of Soviet Communists and Anglo-Saxon capitalists. From the start, the war was a clash between technological titans, and although spiritual and ideological factors played a role, its outcome ultimately depended on the technical-instrumental capacity to muster and deploy human and natural resources in the most destructive way possible. Clearly, such a war could only advance rather than overthrow the modern world.
But did Heidegger believe that Germany could have fought any other way? Did Heidegger think that the Germans should not have fought at all? Did Heidegger think that Germany should have produced fewer bombs and more editions of Heraclitus and Hölderlin? Clearly not. From a Heideggerian point of view, National Socialism was a disappointment only because it did not amount to the radical new beginning Heidegger had hoped for. But given that the battle ultimately took place on the technological plane, the Germans clearly had to take a gun to a gunfight.
In the reflections on the war from around September 1941, from which passage no. 2 is taken, Heidegger seems to accept that there is at least a kind of conditional or provisional legitimacy of viewing the war in realistic terms, on the plane of clashing versions of nihilism.[1] And Heidegger is clearly on Germany's side. It might be futile to fight against bad metaphysics with guns, but one can still win a war with them. And clearly, if Germany had developed the atomic bomb before the Allies, and used it, she could have won.
The Second World War is over. The interwar fascist movements—which I call the Old Right—were defeated. But the New Right is continuing the battle on the metapolitical plane: creating and propagating new ways of seeing the world and dwelling in it. We are still fighting for nationalism against globalization, for rootedness against cosmopolitanism, for identity against homogeneity, individualism, consumerism, and inauthenticity. We are fighting for a world in which every people has a homeland, Jews included, but in which the deracinating, leveling, and homogenizing forces of cosmopolitan ideologies, global capitalism, transnational elites, and international Jewry have no power.
But this brings us to a second question: Given Heidegger's historical anti-humanism, can an individual or a movement do anything at all to produce historical change? Heidegger holds that movements to make and remake history are premised on a false understanding of how history works. Man cannot understand or control history. Thus we cannot engineer a new historical age. Of course, that does not stop people from trying. So isn't it a danger that people who take Heidegger to heart will simply stop trying to fight, surrendering the world to be trashed by nihilists who have no such scruples?
But, properly understood, Heidegger's historical anti-humanism does not lead to passivity and quietism.
First, for Heidegger, humanism is a false theory of man's relationship to history. But historical change and human agency are real. Heidegger wishes to discard the false theory and replace it with a better one. He does not wish to abandon human agency and historical change as such, except insofar as they are influenced by a false self-understanding. Human agency may not be what the humanists say it is, but it still exists, thus it is still possible to fight for a better world.
Second, although Heidegger does believe that man cannot understand and control historical change, he also holds that the relationship of man and historical-cultural meaning is one of mutual dependence: man cannot exist without meaning, and meaning cannot exist without man. Individually and collectively, humanity might be unable to control history, but by the same token, we do sustain cultural and historical meaning. Thus we have some power in the relationship. As I put it in another essay:
The present dispensation may have claimed and shaped us, but it still needs us to sustain it. That means that each individual faces choices that sustain or undermine the present dispensation.
We sustain it whenever we participate in the global technological system, whenever we demand things that are faster, cheaper, easier, and more available. We undermine it whenever we prefer the local to the global, the beautiful over the useful, the earthy over the plastic, distinct peoples over monoculture and miscegenation, the acceptance of reality over the striving for power, the unique over the mass-produced, the ecosystem over the economic system, etc. . . . When enough of us live as if the new dispensation is already here, perhaps it will arrive.[2]
Third, there is a sense in which Heidegger's anti-humanism is empowering to dissidents. On the humanist account, a dissenting idea is just the beginning of historical change. One must then create a movement and struggle for power just to get into the position to remake society according to one's blueprint. In this fallen world, that is a daunting and depressing prospect indeed.
On the Heideggerian account, however, your dissenting idea is not just a quirk of an isolated brain but a sign that cultural change is already underway. The humanist thinks that he is a solitary genius who creates ideas separate from humanity and history and must impose his designs upon them. The Heideggerian knows that he is always-already immersed in collective historical meaning. So if he is thinking dissenting thoughts, others probably are as well, and more will follow, for they are all simply responding to changes in the Zeitgeist. For Heidegger, philosophers and poets are not the hidden legislators of mankind, but simply those most sensitive to coming changes. This is why Heidegger occasionally slips into the prophetic voice.
But if the change we desire is already on the way, does this mean that we can simply sit back and let history do our job for us? No, because some of us are not just called to dissent, we are called to fight. But we go forth into battle with the assurance that the change we fight for is already in some sense real, and it is coming to meet us.
1. See Polt's translation, pp. 8–9, https://www.academia.edu/11943010/References_to_Jews_and_Judaism_in_Martin_Heidegger_s_Black_Notebooks_1938-1948
2. Greg Johnson, "Making Sense of Heidegger" (review essay on Thomas Sheehan's Making Sense of Heidegger), https://counter-currents.com/2014/12/making-sense-of-heidegger/
Remembering Jack London
Greg JohnsonHeidegger and the Jewish QuestionMartin HeideggerphilosophyThe Black Notebooksthe Jewish question
Michael L.Woodbridge says:
One of the worst examples of fighting nihilism with nihilism has been the way some Right-wing movements have adopted cacophonous Rock music as part of their "culture". Another even more offensive example is the prevalent use of scatological obscenities by some Alternative Right authors.
Splendid series. Part 4 was well worth the wait. That we have to meet the history that is coming towards us is the most hopeful and inspiring thought that has been given to me in a long time.
Yes, agree with Rhondda – an excellent series. It would be interesting to have had an exchange between Heidegger and Savitri Devi on some of these issues, especially on the need/duty/role of individual action in these times in light of what is to come.
John Bruce Leonard says:
I agree entirely with the comments already posted about the quality of this essay, Mr. Johnson.
I wanted to ask your thoughts on a question in Heidegger which seems particularly thorny to me. You say:
"[Heidegger] does not wish to abandon human agency and historical change as such, except insofar as they are influenced by a false self-understanding.
The Heideggerian knows that he is always-already immersed in collective historical meaning. "
If I understand aright, we are all the products of an historical process which is in principle beyond our understanding. But will our self-understanding then not always be "false"—which is to say, limited, inadequate, or possibly erroneous—since our "selves" depend, in the deepest sense, on a factor which necessarily eludes our comprehension? And if this is so—how is it ever possible in a given historical moment to discriminate between true or authentic self-knowledge on the one hand, and false self-knowledge on the other? Is not the old commandment of Delphi rendered senseless or impossible by Heidegger's notion of history?
This is a very interesting question. I think we need to distinguish between false and limited self-knowledge. The Platonic, Christian, Cartesian, individualist view of the soul as something essentially other than the world, including the social world, which can then hatch plans to radically rework the world, is an example of a false self-understanding. But recognizing that one's self-knowledge will never be complete is just a sense of finitude, which is entirely healthy.
Evangelos Aragiannis says:
Nietzsche, I think, had the same notion about the fall of the original Greek spirit (especially after the Persian Wars) through Socrates and Plato. Hellenism is hostile and different to the Greek race (and to any form of racialism in general). The term "Hellenism" as it was awarded wholesale to the Greek cultural phenomenon is very misleading. The Hellenistic era being universalist, cosmopolitan and thus destructive to the City State state of affairs that gave birth to the Archaic Greek civilization and pre-Socratic philosophy, lent it self linguistically to the modern term "Hellenism" which is a huge misnomer when we want to talk about the true nature of the Greek people.
Hellenistic universalism through the Roman Empire and eventually into Christianity was probably the beginning of all our problems. A telling example is the fall of Greek art which acquired a heavily baroqueish tint starting from during Alexander's reign over the rest of Greece, into the Romans and of course the artistic nonexistence of the Eastern Roman Empire. One can only find a modest but brave reappearance of the original spirit when the Empire recedes into the old norm of the City State during the Italian Renaissance.
Anyway, great job mr. Johnson.
Sartor says:
A brilliant series of essays on a notoriously difficult topic. Well done Mr Johnson! Now I must finally try to read Being and Time. I agree with Rhondda. Your peroration is one of the most inspiring lines I've ever read. Many thanks, Greg. Keep the great articles coming.


text:
CA-ARIBIO
5.1.2023 13:10:39 CET | Business Wire
First Participants Enrolled in the AriBio USA Phase 3 Registration Trial to Evaluate AR1001 in Early Alzheimer's Disease
AriBio USA, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, announced the enrollment of their first participants in their Phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy of AR1001 in participants with early Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AR1001 is a blood-brain barrier penetrating small molecule known to inhibit neuron apoptosis and promote neurogenesis, increase neuroplasticity and increase autophagy activity to remove toxic proteins.
This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-center Phase 3 trial that plans to enroll 800 participants from approximately 75 sites for 12 months of treatment, followed by an optional two-year extension phase. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive either 30 mg of AR1001 or placebo once daily for 52 weeks. In the optional-extension study, participants originally assigned to placebo will receive 30 mg of AR1001 for an additional two years of treatment. The primary endpoint in the trial is the Change in the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale – Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) at Week 52. "As we learn more about Alzheimer's disease with the understanding that different therapeutic approaches are necessary to demonstrate a meaningful benefit to patients and their caregivers we look forward to data on AR1001," said Dr. Greeley, CMO for AriBio USA.
"AriBio USA is excited to share this significant milestone, and we look forward to providing regular updates to the program as enrollment progresses in this Phase 3 trial. We continue to engage with interested investigators and sites who are committed to making a difference in the treatment and care of patients with Alzheimer's disease," said James Rock, CEO of AriBio USA, Inc. Enrollment is expected to require approximately 2 years for this Phase 3 trial. Dr. Greeley stated, "As we understand more about Alzheimer's disease, with the understanding that different therapeutics and lifestyle approaches will be necessary to demonstrate a meaningful benefit to patients and their caregivers, we expect AR1001 to be part of this treatment paradigm."
AriBio Ltd, the parent company of AriBio USA, is committed to developing new therapeutics in the neurology space with a pipeline of PDE-5 inhibitors and other new molecular entities. "Our goal is to transform the treatment options available for patients with dementia to improve their daily lives," stated Dr. Matthew Choung, CEO of AriBio Ltd.
About AR1001-ADP3-US01
AR1001-ADP3-US01 (NCT05531526) is Phase 3 Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of AR1001 over 52 Weeks in Participants with Early Alzheimer's Disease. The study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of AR1001 in slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease through various cognitive and functional assessments. The details of the clinical trial are available at ClinicalTrials.gov.
About AriBio
AriBio Co., Ltd. is a biopharmaceutical company based in South Korea with a focus on the development of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. AriBio USA, INC. is the subsidiary company of AriBio Co., Ltd. based in San Diego, CA in charge of clinical operations and regulatory affairs for AriBio.
To view this piece of content from cts.businesswire.com, please give your consent at the top of this page.
About Business Wire
CA 94111 San Francisco
http://businesswire.com
Subscribe to releases from Business Wire
Subscribe to all the latest releases from Business Wire by registering your e-mail address below. You can unsubscribe at any time.
Latest releases from Business Wire
FPT-SOFTWARE1.2.2023 09:01:43 CET | Press release
FPT Software Europe Supports DAX Company Covestro With Cloud Migration
KIOXIA1.2.2023 07:01:39 CET | Press release
ALIPAY+1.2.2023 03:28:40 CET | Press release
Alipay+ extends foodpanda partnership to Malaysia where customers can enjoy more convenient food and grocery deliveries by paying through the Touch 'n Go eWallet
JEOL1.2.2023 02:01:45 CET | Press release
JEOL: Launch of the FIB-SEM System "JIB-PS500i" with High Precision and High Resolution
NY-PHILIP-MORRIS-INTL31.1.2023 22:01:41 CET | Press release
PMI Recognized in 2023 Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index for Third Consecutive Year
In our pressroom you can read all our latest releases, find our press contacts, images, documents and other relevant information about us.
Visit our pressroom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
ECOSOC looks to boost role as UN's leading development forum
A strong and effective Economic and Social Council is essential for the United Nations to be able to play a leading role in helping the people of the world achieve a better future, Deputy Secretary-General Louise Fréchette said today as the Council began a discussion on how to strengthen ECOSOC, as it is known, and follow up recent UN conferences.
"Our aim must be to make ECOSOC the UN system's leading development forum, a place where thinkers, policy-makers and practitioners can come together and provide intellectual leadership in development policy," Ms. Fréchette said in a statement to the opening of the Council's coordination segment.
"It must ensure that actions taken by the various parts of the UN system are properly sequenced, coordinated and mutually reinforcing so as to maximize overall progress," she stressed. "Through its various segments, ECOSOC has a unique capacity to orient and affect not only the analytical work of the system but also its operational activities for development and its humanitarian work."
The Deputy Secretary-General noted that making an effective contribution towards realizing the goals set at the various UN conferences would test the Council's capacity to achieve policy coherence, monitor progress and guide the work of the UN system. That was by no means an easy task, she said, since "we are dealing with a complex set of inter-connected issues and a broad range of actors."
The follow-up must be done in an integrated fashion, as the Council had decided, Ms. Fréchette said, lest the interconnections were lost and the sum became less than the parts. That was why ECOSOC and the UN Secretariat must continue to improve their approach and method of work.
"In recent years, ECOSOC has taken on new life, and is being rediscovered for the potential it offers as a catalyst for enlightened policy and creative partnership," Ms. Fréchette said. "Let us do our utmost so that this revitalization continues, so that ECOSOC and the United Nations in the broadest sense can better serve the world's peoples."
For his part, ECOSOC President Ambassador Ivan Šimonovic of Croatia said the Council had great potential for coordination within the UN system and between the UN system and other entities, especially since it was also the entry-point of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), whose role in the international system was gaining greater importance. Strengthening ECOSOC would be a difficult task, but doing so was in the interest of all.
Economic and Social Council opens substantive session in Geneva
ECOSOC suspends 2001 session after close examination of African development
African ownership of development projects key to their success, ECOSOC told


text:
Q: ExtJS 4 Grid Row editing help can anyone please point to a working example or provide a piece of code regarding row editing and how to submit the edited data to the server? I've implemented the add and delete records functionality in my grid, but I just can't get edit to work. In ExtJS3, I used to implement a button for editing, so the user clicked on a row and then on the button and a form with all the data from that record was loaded, providing the ability to edit the data and then save it. Since, for reasons unknown to me, I cannot get this to work in ExtJS4 (getSelection() and selModel.selected.items won't load the record into my form), I am forced to use inline editing.
I've been working for days now on this one without success. I understand that I need to implement an afteredit listener but can someone be so kind to show me a way how to pass the data from the editor to a PHP script so that I may manipulate the database from there?
Thanks

A: these may help:
http://www.sencha.com/forum/showthread.php?131482-Ext.ux.grid.plugin.RowEditing-add-some-usefull-features
http://www.sencha.com/forum/showthread.php?133477-Ext.ux.form.field.FormPanelEditor-for-ExtJS-4.0

A: the shortest thing to do after having edited is
"store.sync();"

in store you have to give in api object the server side method to update the grid record:
"api:{

submit:'controllername.methodname'
}"
Make it in edit event from rowEditing plugin(button update).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


terrific examples of their kind.
crisp outside, moist and flavorful inside.
2004 CIA grad, were involved in every step of the redo. Mark Marrazza, one of the restaurant's two owners, also owns the Tewksbury Inn in Whitehouse Station. The other principal, the Jepsen family, runs Scandic Builders in Morristown, which did the renovation.
roasted guajillo peppers from Mexico).
mustard, capers and lemon zest.
the bright, unfussy dining room.


text:
Justin Bergman (* 20. April 1987) ist ein amerikanischer Poolbillardspieler.

Karriere
Seine ersten größeren Erfolge erreichte Bergman 2005, als er bei einem Turnier der Viking Tour den vierten Platz erreichte und das High Pockets Super 9-Ball gewann. 2006 gewann er die BEF Junior Nationals in der Altersklasse U-19. Auf der Midwest 9-Ball Tour erreichte er 2007 einmal den zweiten Platz. Im gleichen Jahr gewann er zudem die Annual Turkey Shootout 9-Ball Open.
2008 gewann Bergman zwei Turniere der Midwest 9-Ball Tour und wurde einmal Zweiter. Bei der Viking Tour gewann er ebenfalls ein Turnier.
Bei den US Bar Table Championship erreichte im 8-Ball und im 9-Ball den 13. Platz.

Im Januar 2011 wurde Bergman Zweiter beim Fargo Midwinter Shootout. Im März wurde er Dritter bei einem Turnier der Great Southern Billiard Tour. Auf dieser Tour gewann er 2012 ein Turnier und erreichte einmal den zweiten Platz.
2013 gewann Bergman ein Amateur-Turnier der Simonis Cloth Classic Tour. Im Juni 2013 gewann er nach dem 17. Platz bei der Ultimate 10-Ball Championship, den One-Pocket-Wettbewerb des Southern Classic im Finale gegen Francisco Bustamante. Im September gewann er erneut ein Turnier der Midwest 9-Ball Tour.

Im Januar 2014 gewann Bergman die River City 9-Ball Open und wurde Vierter im One Pocket beim Derby City Classic und bei den US Open One Pocket. Nachdem er im März Zweiter beim Big Tyme Classic wurde, gewann er im April die Smokin Aces Bar Box Open im Finale gegen Corey Deuel. Im Juni 2014 belegte er den zweiten Platz bei der Big Dog One Pocket Championship.
Beim World 14.1 Tournament 2014 schied er im Achtelfinale gegen Jewgeni Stalew aus. Im August gewann er die Carom Room Classic. Bei den US Open 2014 kam er auf den 17. Platz.

Bergman war bislang zweimal Teil der amerikanischen Mannschaft beim Mosconi Cup (2014 und 2015), die jeweils der europäischen Mannschaft unterlag.

Weblinks
 Justin Bergman auf azbilliards.com

Poolbillardspieler (Vereinigte Staaten)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1987
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


(CNSNews.com) – Figurines of President Barack Obama are appearing in Nativity scenes in shops in Naples, Italy for the Christmas season.
Craftsman Marco Ferrigno told Reuters on Nov. 7 that Obama's reelection sparked the production.
"Every time a major event occurs we create a new figurine, and today after Obama's victory, we have made a new figurine of Obama and will put him in our ideal Nativity scene," Ferrigno said.
Reuters reported that the shop keepers said bargain hunters could get a "big discount" on figurines of GOP candidate Mitt Romney.
Italian fans of Obama said his likeness in the nativity scenes is a portrayal of how important his role is in today's world, according to Reuters.


If you sign up for 24-months – yes, mobile contracts are stretching beyond the previously-accepted 18-months – and pay £35/month, they'll give you the Storm handset for free.
18-month contracts starting from £35/month will also get a gratis handset.
Want to pay for your handset(!)? – there's two prices available to you – £300 or at the upper end, £500, on a 12 month contract.
All of the various packages are pretty darn complex, so you'd be better off checking them out yourself.
The long contracts come with 'unlimited' Mobile Internet (with a 'fair use' limit of 3Gb/month), but surprisingly the low end deals don't, potentially costing a _fortune_ to use the phone's full potential.
We're on the list to get a Storm and are interested to try it out. We loved the Blackberry Curve long term, so how they've implemented the Storm's touch screen will be key for us.


text:
Home Art Malaysia Interview with artist Jayden Yoon
Interview with artist Jayden Yoon
Art, Malaysia
Jayden Yoon is an artist from Malaysia. He does a lot of things, really talented. He speaks 7 languages, he also has hacking, computer programming, dancing (hip-pop/popping/MJ), graphic design, videography, photography, painting, digital art skills. We have conducted an interview with him.
What are your other talents other than being an artist?
I love composing music, writing songs, singing, beat-boxing, writing stories and poems, dancing, filming, directing, acting, photography, computer programming, cooking and many more. Honestly, I don't know why, I just love doing a lot of things and ended up doing a lot of them.
Who are the prominent people who have received or had been presented with your art/paintings before?
To name a few; Skype, Microsoft, Now You See Me - movie, Summit Entertainment, Angry Birds, Sony Pictures, Alan Pugach Barker, Xu You Li, New Wong Kwok, Tan Sri Dato' Seri Ong Ka Ting and many more.
Which are the 7 languages that you speak?
Mandarin is my mother language, English as my second language, Malay(Bahasa Melayu) as a national language, Hainanese is my hometown language, and other dialects Cantonese, Hakka, and a little bit of Korean.
How did you manage to master 7 languages?
I live in Malaysia, a multicultural country, which consists a number of different races with about 137 spoken languages. Therefore, as a Malaysian Chinese, there's really no excuse for me to not at least know how to speak in my very own language Mandarin, and my national language Malay. English is an international language and it is very much important to all of us living in today's world. I do have a passion and love for the language itself. As for Cantonese, I picked it up by watching a lot of Hong Kong movies back in the days with my family at home. I learnt Hakka through my parents. As for Korean, I learnt it from my Korean friends.
How does it feel to be Malaysia's Top 2nd Young Artist Silver Award in 2014?
Well, it certainly is something special dedicated for my family. To be honest, I was actually a little disappointed for not being able to achieve 1st place. But it's not the end of the world, there is always a second chance for everyone.
What are your aspirations?
I aspire to be someone who is inventive, innovative, and to create something that can make the world a better place. I want to make sure that I master in whatever I do, because it's not impossible.
Interview with artist Jayden Yoon Reviewed by JaamZIN on 6:24:00 PM Rating: 5
Art Malaysia


text:
Redistricting Process
California's Citizens Redistricting Commission draws the state's congressional, state legislative, and board of equalization districts.
2020 APPORTIONMENT FORECAST
California's congressional delegation is projected to shrink from 53 seats to 52 (a loss of 1 seat) following the 2020 reapportionment.
California Current Control
45D - 7R
60D - 19R - 1 Other
Eleni Kounalakis
Nonpartisan
Carol Corrigan
Associate Justice
Goodwin Liu
Joshua Groban
Leondra Kruger
Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar
Current Congressional Boundaries
Current CA Congressional Map
CA_2018_CD.jpg (90.1 KB)
CD_2018_California.pdf (4.4 MB)
Current CA Congressional Shapefile
CA_US_Cong_2018.zip (3.1 MB)
Current State Assembly Boundaries
Current CA State Assembly Map
CA_2018_LD.jpg (93.5 KB)
LD_2018_California.pdf (4.7 MB)
Current CA State Assembly Shapefile
CA_Leg_Lower_2018.zip (4.3 MB)
Current State Senate Boundaries
Current CA State Senate Map
CA_2018_SD.jpg (91.5 KB)
SD_2018_California.pdf (4.6 MB)
Current CA State Senate Shapefile
CA_Leg_Upper_2018.zip (3.4 MB)
State Data Resources
Official Election Results (Sec. of State)
CA State Assembly Maps (CA Citizens Redistricting Commission)
CA State Senate Maps (CA Citizens Redistricting Commission)
CA Congressional Districts (CA Citizens Redistricting Commission)
Independent Redistricting Commission
California's Citizens Redistricting Commission draws the congressional and state legislative districts.
State Commission Link
State Assembly Landing Page
State Senate Landing Page
State Legislature Page
Jane Andersen, Republican
Neal Forniciari, Republican
Derric Taylor, Republican
Alicia Fernández, Republican
Russell Yee, Republican
Dr. J. Ray Kennedy, Democrat
Dr. Sara Sadhwani, Democrat
Trena Turner, Democrat
Patricia Sinay, Democrat
Angela Vázquez, Democrat
Isra Ahmad, Independent
Antonio Le Mons, Independent
Linda Akutagawa, Independent
Pedro Toledo, Independent
All commissioner biographies can be found here.
California Redistricting Process
Congressional and Legislative
California's Citizens Redistricting Commission draws the congressional and state legislative districts. The 14-member redistricting commission is chosen from a pool of 60 applicants selected by a panel put together by the State Auditors. These potential Commissioners are comprised of 20 democrats, 20 republicans, and 20 individuals not affiliated with either major party. The majority and minority leaders of both California legislative chambers may each eliminate two nominees from each political category. Three democrats, three republicans, and two unaffiliated nominees are then selected at random to serve as Commissioners. These eight are then responsible for rounding out the Commission by selecting an additional two democrats, two republicans, and two unaffiliated members. The completed Commission has primary responsibility for redistricting in the state. Each Commissioner must be a voter who has been continuously registered in California with the same political party or unaffiliated with a political party and who has not changed political party affiliation for five or more years immediately preceding the date of his or her appointment. Each Commissioner shall have voted in two of the last three statewide general elections immediately preceding his or her application.
By August 15 of the year ending in one (December 15, for the year 2021 as a result of the case Legislature of California v. Padilla), the Commission approves and certifies maps for Congressional, State Senate, State Assembly, and State Board of Equalization districts to the Secretary of State. A supermajority of nine of the 14 Commissioners, including three members from each of the two major political parties and three members not affiliated with these parties, is required to approve district plans. These plans are subject to referendum. If a plan is rejected by voters or Commissioners are unable to pass a plan in a timely fashion, the Supreme Court of California will appoint special masters to produce a final plan. Once certified to the Secretary of State, the masters' plan becomes final.
Challenges to the maps are litigated in the State Supreme Court.
Source: Cal. Const. art. XXI, §§ 1-3. Cal. Gov't Code § 8252 (2019).
Ballot Measure Process
Kinds of Ballot Measures
Direct initiatives and referendums are permitted to amend statutes. Direct initiatives are permitted to amend the state Constitution. Legislatively initiated ballot measures may amend both statutes and the Constitution.
Single-Subject Rule
There is a single-subject rule.
Initiative Subject Restrictions
An initiative measure cannot contain a provision guaranteeing its approval should it only get a certain percentage of votes.
Signature Requirements
The signature requirement for constitutional amendments is 8% of all votes cast for all candidates for governor in the previous gubernatorial election, 5% for all other initiatives, and 5% for a veto referendum. 12,464,235 people voted for a candidate for governor in the 2018 General Election in California, so 997,139 signatures are required for constitutional amendments, 623,212 signatures are required for any other initiative, and 623,212 signatures are required for a veto referendum.
Initiative petitions must be submitted 131 days before the next general election (June 25, 2020). Referendums must be submitted within 90 days from the date the legislative bill was chaptered by the SOS.
Circulation Period
The circulation period for initiative petitions is 180 days.
Ballot Title and Summary
The Ballot Title and Summary are written by the Attorney General. Expedited reviews for Titles and Summaries are permitted.
A fiscal impact statement is required. Circulators are required to be at least 18 years old, and a resident of the state. There are no supermajority requirements. The Legislature can amend or repeal an approved initiative statute by referring another statute to the people. Referendums and statutes may not provide for tax levies or appropriations for current expenses of the state. Initiatives are permitted on general, primary, and special election ballots, but not on odd-year ballots.
Source: Cal. Const. art. II. Cal. Elec. Code, §§ 102-104, 9001-1916, 1950 (2019). California Elections Division Website
Republicans Won Half of California's U.S. House Seats they Lost in 2018. Here's how, Los Angeles Times (12/20/20)
New Report Shows Record Low California Population Growth, SF Gate (12/16/20)
Is the California Citizens Redistricting Commission Spending out of Control?, California Globe (12/9/20)
California Court Joins in Barring Trump Census Order on Maps, AP (10/22/20)
San Diego Could Lose a Congressional Seat After the 2020 Census, Expert Says, ABC 10 News (10/20/20)
2020 Citizens Redistricting Commission Hires Daniel Claypool as Executive Director, Citizens Journal (10/5/20)
California Risks Losing Congressional Seats, Federal Funding with New Census, ABC7 (9/2/20)
'We Shouldn't Have to Beg': Latinos Underrepresented on California Redistricting Commission, The Fresno Bee (8/11/20)
Final Six Members of 2020 Citizens Redistricting Commission Selected, The Street (8/7/20)
Southern California Could Lose Two Congressional Seats After 2020 Census, LAist (7/23/20)
Census Data is Four Months Late, so Calif. Redistricting Maps May be too, State Supreme Court Says, San Francisco Chronicle (7/17/20)
Study: In a First, California Poised to Lose House Seats, The Orange County Register (7/8/20)
Opinion - California's Citizen Redistricting Commission is Erasing Latinos. That's Unacceptable, The Sacramento Bee (7/8/20)
California State Auditor Randomly Draws The Names of First Eight Commissioners to Serve on The 2020 Citizens Redistricting Commission, Citizens Journal (7/5/20)
Living on a Thin Line: Dems Appear Well Positioned in CA Redistricting, Elections Delay (7/2/20)
2 Petaluma Residents in Play for State Redistricting Panel, The Press Democrat (7/1/20)
Supreme Court Appears Ready to Quickly Order Redistricting Delay, At the Lectern (6/22/20)
Legislature Asks Supreme Court to Delay Redistricting, At the Lectern (6/16/20)
Applicant Review Panel Submits the Remaining Pool of 60 Applicants for 2020 Citizens Redistricting Commission to the California State Legislature in Next Step of Selection Process, Citizens Journal (5/15/20)
California redistricting commission candidates lack Latino representation, Visalia Times Delta (5/7/20)
LA Could Lose A Congressional Seat — Here's Why, LAist (4/27/20)
A Court Challenge to California's Racial Gerrymandering Mandate, Washington Examiner (4/10/20)
More states to use redistricting reforms after 2020 census, AP (3/5/20)
Search Districts


text:
Q: What is the meaning of 'probe' in the Linux command 'modprobe'? My understanding of modprobe is that it is a command to load kernel modules.
Based on this, I'm wondering what the meaning of word probe is in general English?

A: probe is from the Latin probare, which means "to test, to examine".  It is used to mean an inquiry, or thorough examination, probing tends to imply getting inside something to reveal what is hidden, the truth.
A probe, as an object, is a device used to look within something else, to see what is veiled in some respect.
In the case of modprobe, the purpose of the command (see the man page) is to add/remove modules from the kernel at runtime, which often requires an initial "probe" of the internal hardware in order to detect hardware that drivers may rely on, or indeed checking for dependencies to load within the "internals" of the system.


text: HomeMy WebLinkAbout2021-01-18Dryden Rail Trail Friends and Task Force Minutes of the Meeting Monday, January 18, 2021 7:00 – 8:30 p.m. Via Zoom Attendance: John Kiefer, Bob Beck, Judy Pierpont, Alice Green, Todd Bittner, Chris and Diane Tessaglia-Hymes, Susan Ashdown, Margaret Johnson, Victoria Armstrong, Loren Sparling, Karl Kolesnikoff, Valerie Salerno, Dan Lamb, Rose Borzik, Craig Schutt, Clay Converse, Steve Winans, Tony Salerno Call to order at 7:02 pm – Bob Beck, Alice Green Additions to agenda: 1) Alice on conversation with Bruno and 2) Dan with update on the Game Farm MOU Approval of December minutes (this item was skipped) Overview of Trail Development – Bob Bob shared a map of the trail with a quick description of trail progress. Route 13-bridge project (meeting w/NYSDOT & Erdman Anthony) – Bridge Subcommittee Todd explained the work of the bridge subcommittee over the past year, noting that it recently has reviewed about 13 different iterations of possible alignments across Route 13. Paul Presutti from project engineers Erdman Anthony (EA) has provided some preliminary cost figures for the designs. The bridge subcommittee was concerned about the fact that those preliminary costs were higher than indicated in the initial engineering study for the bridge. The subcommittee requested a meeting with reps from the NYS Department of Transportation (DOT), County transportation and EA to explain the cost difficulties within the current space constraints and to ask for assistance. Representing DOT were Mark Frechette, Planning and Program Management Director, who been involved with the project from the start, Julie Baldwin and two others. Some of the design difficulty resulted from the constraint that the bridge and abutments need to stay within the grandfathered, original 66-foot "break in access" rail bed corridor across Route 13. DOT reps had indicated that deviation would require a very lengthy permission process. At the meeting, they clarified that it's possible parts of the ramp and embankments could be outside the 66 feet in the DOT clearance area. This could have significant impact on the costs of the project. Todd shared a map of the working design that was created for determining preliminary costs, as well as a list of costs for individual project elements. He said two of the main costs of the bridge are the actual span of the structure, and the planned abutments and earthen structure ramps. The committee explored with DOT and the engineers several ways to lower the costs. • One option would be reducing the span of the bridge, bringing the abutments closer to the highway. Dot was amendable, but some safety barriers would be needed. EA thought this could still reduce the cost of the project. • Another idea to reduce costs is to narrow the width of the ramp off the bridge for a trail 8 feet in width, from the 10-foot width on the bridge. • A third cost saving approach could be to reduce the fencing from the bridge to less than all the way to the base of the ramp, which wouldn't create any safety issues. DOT agreed. • Trail surface sub-base might not need to be as expensive because of the existing RR bed. • DOT also agreed to allow Town DPW to complete the scope of work for trail surfacing, so more of the grant can be applied to the bridge. Todd said there are so many questions remaining; it's not realistic to plan to go to construction in Fall 2021. It's common for projects of this sort to take 2 years to go to construction. So the bridge subcommittee asked EA to pause the project design until DOT confirms the footprint it will allow. Judy asked if the federal TAP money ($1.5 million) would still be available with this delay. Those funds were renewed through the end of this year. Todd thinks infrastructure improvement funds will continue because they are job creators. The Project also has $0.5 million Multi-Modal funding, which is good until 2026. Susan said that, as a frequent user of the section from Monkey Run road to Route 13, she can confirm that it already has a very solid base and wouldn't require extensive and expensive sub-base. Letter from Bruno about "guiding principles" he asks the Task Force to adopt – Alice Alice began with a reminder that on the Martin Luther King Day of Service, we can be thankful for the work of Task Force members to create a trail that will be of great service to the community. She called Bruno yesterday to explain to him the new information about possibilities for reducing the cost of the bridge that the subcommittee learned last week. Since the project is still in the fact-finding mode, she believes it would be pre- mature to draw any lines in the sand. Regarding Bruno's principles, she said she believes every Task Force member wants to keep trail costs as low as possible, and no one wishes to engage in any coercion. She said it is simply not true that the Town has initiated taking anyone's property. The Town did ask DOT to look at the market value of two properties on the east side of the bridge. She emphasized that multiple steps would be taken if the subcommittee decided it was necessary to acquire small portions of one or two properties for an economical bridge. The Town Board would need to approve any land acquisition, and would hold a public hearing first. Alice said she was confused by Bruno's sudden letter to the list serve stating his opposition to the costs of the bridge and to the use of eminent domain, when he had been working so closely with the bridge subcommittee. He had been willing to consider eminent domain for a small portion of a commercial property, and even brought his own recommendation for a bridge alignment that would have required using eminent domain for two properties, the commercial and also a residential one. She was especially confused that the letter stated the Task Force had violated the principles he laid out, since they were aspirational and never formally adopted. She said she pleaded with Bruno to stick with the project and continue helping to shape its direction. Nancy apologized for her "rant" on the list serve about the use of eminent domain. She said from the letter, she thought DOT had been approved to go ahead with eminent domain. But Town Planning Director Ray Burger confirmed to her that DOT had only been asked to look at market values of two properties near Route 13. Victoria said that when she saw the lively conversation on the list serve, she went to Fernando D'Aragon to get a list of costs for similar transportation projects. She wanted to provide a context for looking at biking/walking infrastructure compared with automobile/truck road construction. She cautioned against cutting corners, like reducing sections of the trail to 8-feet wide, because of the need for safety when bikes and pedestrians are passing. John K thanked the Task Force for addressing Bruno's letter, and not proceeding with business as usual. He said he also had come to a point where he had a crisis of confidence that this group would make decisions he could live with. One that pushed him over the edge was that when Bruno asked the TF to take a hard stance on forcing people to sell their property, it did not take action. He felt this response was the wrong one. John said he walks the Schug trail section every single day. A couple years ago he and his wife picked up 24 bags of garbage along that section He asked himself whether he'd want to have the trail run close to his property, and the answer was no. He does not like the notion that the Town would force people to grant easements, so folks could walk on it and trash it. He said he couldn't live with the TF being unwilling to write down what our principles are. Todd said he does hope we can fulfill the aspirational principles that everything we need will be provided by willing landowners, and that we will keep costs as low as possible for the Town. He still thinks that's how we want to approach this project. We have a whole year to continue efforts to gain necessary easements and bring costs down. Margaret asked if the one-year delay was because of not having all the info needed to go to construction, or for more time to work with landowners. Bob said both. Todd said these projects often take two years; Fall 2021 had been a pretty aggressive timeline. We're still in preliminary design. The next step is presenting designs for public hearings. There were many steps before we go to construction. Nancy asked about slopes for the embankments. Todd explained that the current idea is a 2-to1 slope to avoid more expensive construction to hold a steeper slope in place. She asked if it would be possible to present a possibility that is built only within existing easements. Todd and Bob spent some additional time tracing on the map the way the trail can avoid impacting the residential property. John said he doesn't object to impacting the commercial property. He's thinking of the residential property owners. He wants the Task Force to put in writing for residential and agricultural property owners that they won't take their property. Todd said if the DOT were willing to shift the 66 feet, there would be more flexibility to remove impact on residential property. Vikki said you should do as much as possible to avoid taking advantage of any property owners, however if the project to the point where an amicable transfer is impossible, the state can take over. She reminded members that this is a transportation alternative, and the state often takes land for automobile transportation. Acknowledging trail, maintenance issues, she said it's also important to develop a culture of care for the trail. Susan said there is a real culture of care for the Monkey Run section of the trail. Since it has become a more public trail, it's a friendlier place. We can develop ways to keep the trail maintained. She emphasized the transportation corridor that the trail will become. Rose thanked the group for their work. Game Farm MOU Bob displayed a map of the Game Farm Area, noting that Game Farm Road crossing planning is moving forward, now that the Town has received word of a 3- way MOU between the County and the Towns of Ithaca and Dryden. Dan said the Town Attorney and other Town officials have reviewed the 20-year occupancy and use agreement provided by the DEC. The Town has proposed minor changes, such as allowing horses and e-assist bikes, and sent them back to DEC. Horses are allowed on the East Ithaca Recreation way from Maple Ave to Game Farm Rd. Next meeting scheduled for Feb. 15 via Zoom Adjournment: at 8:49 pm Respectfully submitted by Alice Walsh Green


The blogosphere is abuzz with the results of the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature project (BEST), the stunning conclusion of which seems to be "the planet is warming". Even more stunning is that this is somehow supposed to be the ultimate rebuttal to filthy sceptics and deniers the world over.
Er, sorry to disappoint, but no it isn't. We all knew the world was warming, and has been since the end of the Little Ice Age. We accept that. So, what's your point again?
BEST's results, which are based on surface temperature records from thousands of land-based stations across the globe, also seem to magically "disappear" the Urban Heat Island effect, despite the fact that previous studies have shown it to be a substantial component of recent temperature rises. BEST also seems to be able to take the fat, hairy sow's ear of shonky surface temperature stations (many of which are located close to man-made heat sources like airports and air conditioning units) and turn them into a dainty silk purse of accurate global temperature. Whether this is successful or not I will leave up to you to decide. A technical post at Watts Up With That? looks at the statistical methods employed.
So the key issue that sceptics raise, the attribution of present day warming to human effects, is something not addressed by BEST. For Muller to claim that this puts the final nail in the sceptics' coffin is ridiculous. We all agree the planet is warming, it's a question of how much of that warming is due to man, and how much is due to nature.
Delingpole has a great piece here – it is well worth the read.
At the NY Times, they referred to Muller as a skeptic. Could not be further from the truth.
Yet deniers are castigated for pointing out the sting in the tail!
…And then I knew everything I needed to know about the project. If you've ever seen Anthony Watt's presentation on the many and varying problems with land-based temperature monitoring, you would know exactly what I meant.
It's hard to believe those records are used as a serious data source anymore. Then again, I also thought that after "climategate" that the whole field of study had rather serious and obvious problems and that would cause many to question the whole AGW premise, but it seems neither have come to pass.
So true Daniel, some of the pictures of where temperature recording stations are located in the USA, in this article: How not to measure temperature from Watts Up With That, are hilarious.
Just run that past me again … "How much of the warming is due to humans and what will be the likely effects? We made no independent assessment of that.
So they make no independent assessment of why there is an apparent 1 degree warming, since 1950 but they consider their results will help the discussion on reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions. Go figure!
Atmosphere is not as human body; if under the armpit gets warmer by 1⁰C = the whole body is warmer by that much. In the atmosphere works the opposite. On one cubic kilometer , there are 500 different temperatures; and they change every few minutes. Needs to have on 60 trillion places data collected; every few minutes; from the ground to the stratosphere – to start talking about how warm is in the planet's atmosphere. If one place gets warmer – other place must get colder (the laws of physics say so / my formula says so). Therefore, nobody knows correctly what was the temperature even last year = cannot compare it with another year. Comparing one unknown with another unknown should be left to the Warmist; when Skeptics are doing it = you are only dignifying the misleading propaganda.
Any project on temperature that says it cannot locate any urban heat island effect, really isn't worth a grain of sand.
UHI effect is easily measured over virtually any large urban area, even NASA has web pages showing it exists and that it can add quite a bit to the temperture.
But apparently, according to these guys, it doesn't show up in the temperature records of stations that have been swallowed up by expanding urban heat areas.
The warmist have now made the urban heat effect dissappear too, as well as the nice warm Medieval Period, so we don't need to do anything about so-called climate change. They are already making the place colder.
Nobody said that alarmists were very bright. No wonder they think that another paper with no new data, is proof that it's man's fault.
I am not a Climate Sceptic, I am a Climate Change atheist. 🙂 The 'Green gods' are wrong yet again.


text:
La Pervyj divizion 2001 fu la decima edizione della seconda serie del campionato russo di calcio. Vide la vittoria finale dello , che venne promosso in Prem'er-Liga assieme all'.

Stagione

Novità
Dalla Pervyj divizion 2000 vennero promossi in Vysšaja Divizion il  e la , mentre vennero retrocessi in Vtoroj divizion il , il , il , lo Spartak-Čukotka Mosca e la Lokomotiv San Pietroburgo. Dalla Vysšaja Divizion vennero retrocessi la Lokomotiv Nižnij Novgorod e l', mentre dalla Vtoroj divizion vennero promossi il Severstal' Čerepovec, il  e il , vincitori dei play-off promozione. A seguito della rinuncia del Severstal' per problemi economici, venne promosso il , che aveva perso i play-off promozione proprio con il Severstal'.

Formula
Il numero di squadre partecipanti scese da 20 a 18, che si sono affrontate in un girone all'italiana con partite di andata e ritorno per un totale di 34 giornate: venivano assegnati tre punti per la vittoria, uno per il pareggio e zero per la sconfitta. Le prime due classificate venivano promosse direttamente in Prem'er-Liga, mentre le ultime tre classificate venivano retrocesse direttamente in Vtoroj divizion senza alcuno spareggio promozione/retrocessione.

Squadre partecipanti

Classifica finale

Legenda:
      Promossa in Prem'er-Liga 2002.
      Retrocessa in Vtoroj divizion 2002.

Note:
Tre punti a vittoria, uno a pareggio, zero a sconfitta.

Risultati

Statistiche

Classifica marcatori

Note

Voci correlate
 Vysšaja Divizion 2001
 Kubok Rossii 2001-2002
 Vtoroj divizion 2001

Collegamenti esterni

Calcio nel 2001
2001


This single malt whisky from the Yoichi distillery, stored and matured for 10 years or more, is characterized by a festive nose reminiscent of fruit and a smooth, velvety palate.
This bold and distinctive single malt whisky was distilled and matured at the Yoichi distillery in Hokkaido, birthplace of Nikka Whisky. The Yoichi distillery continues to adhere to techniques such as the use of coal-fired pot stills, and otherwise remains loyal to the whisky-making traditions dating back to its foundation.


text:
Saudis see high hopes for 2020 upended by pandemic
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates —
This was supposed to be Saudi Arabia's year to shine as host of the prestigious G20 gathering of world leaders. The event would have seen Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman share handshakes and wide smiles with presidents and prime ministers.
Instead, the gathering this November will likely be a virtual meet-up, stripping its host of the pomp that would have accompanied televised arrivals on Riyadh's tarmac.
It was also to be another year of sweeping change for Saudi Arabia. The kingdom had only just begun to swing open its doors to tourists and eye-popping concerts when the pandemic struck, spawning social distancing and lockdowns.
"It's unfortunate, but I think that some of the sectors that Saudi Arabia was most interested in going into are going to be hit hard," said Bessma Momani, a professor of Middle East studies at the University of Waterloo in Canada. "If you look at the investment that was being announced and part of the construction effort, a lot of it included theater venues, concert halls… That's really under risk."
With Saudi cities under curfew and the country's borders shut, even the upcoming hajj pilgrimage in Mecca could be cancelled or dramatically pared down. The hajj, which starts in late July this year, has not been cancelled in the 90 years since Saudi Arabia's founding.
The hajj not only provides Saudi Arabia with immense influence and prestige among Muslims, it also generates around $6 billion in revenue for the government annually.
Since early April, Mecca has been under a strict 24-hour curfew. The Grand Mosque there housing the cube-shaped Kaaba, Islam's holiest site, is closed to the public, and the smaller, year-round umrah pilgrimages have been suspended.
The impact of the coronavirus and low oil prices have forced a recalibration of Prince Mohammed's ambitious plans to revamp the oil-dependent economy, which is expected to contract 3% this year.
Cuts of at least $8 billion are being made to the crown prince's mega-projects, like a futuristic city in the desert called Neom and luxury tourism resorts along the Red Sea.
Prince Mohammed hopes to transition the country away from oil, but in the short-term his plans rely on oil revenues, which have plummeted to below $40 a barrel. After producing a market-jolting level of 12 million barrels a day in April, Saudi Arabia is now producing just 9.3 million barrels a day as it leads major oil producers in an agreement to cut production.
Revenue from oil is expected to generate just $133 billion in 2020 for Saudi Arabia, down 34% from last year and down 58% from highs in 2013, according to research by Jadwa Investment.
The seismic blows have also curtailed the state's largesse of subsidies and welfare for citizens. A monthly bonus for civil servants has been stopped and taxes on basic goods are tripling in July. A committee is being formed to review salaries in the public sector, where most Saudis are employed. That wage bill alone will cost the government $134 billion this year, half of all projected spending.
Despite the challenges, Saudi Arabia has relatively low debt and hefty financial reserves built-up during years of high oil prices. This has allowed the government to comfortably provide free health care and hotel quarantines for anyone with the coronavirus, including those residing in the kingdom illegally.
Saudi Arabia has one of the highest rates of the coronavirus infection in the region, with the number of new daily cases reaching their highest level ever on Monday. The kingdom has confirmed more than 132,000 cases of the virus, including 1,011 deaths.
As the pandemic hit businesses across the country, King Salman allocated $2.4 billion to cover 60% of salaries for many Saudis in the private sector, where a $32 billion stimulus package was announced. Jadwa Investment estimates that up to 75% of all Saudis who work in the private sector will have their salaries partially covered by the government during the pandemic.
To cover the budget deficit, Saudi Arabia has plowed into its net foreign assets, which have dwindled from nearly $740 billion in 2014 to less than $450 billion in April.
Some $40 billion in reserves were moved in March and April to the Saudi sovereign wealth fund to invest abroad as stock prices plunged. The Public Investment Fund, which Prince Mohammed oversees, purchased $7.7 billion worth of stakes in companies, including Boeing, Disney, Marriott, Facebook and Starbucks, as well as U.S. banks Citigroup and Bank of America. The fund also bought shares in oil companies BP, Royal Dutch Shell and Total amid market volatility.
In other risky bets, the fund in April purchased an 8.2% stake in cruise line company Carnival and a 5.7% stake in Live Nation, the entertainment company behind concerts for the world's biggest stars. The deals are worth some $872 million and were welcomed by both companies.
It's a turnaround from late 2018, when Western businesses turned away from the crown prince and the fund following outcry over the killing of Saudi writer Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi consulate in Turkey.
"I think as time has gone on, more companies are taking their cue from their own governments, which have continued to engage Saudi Arabia and have also looked to other steps the kingdom has tried to take to reform," said Prem Kumar, who leads Albright Stonebridge Group's Middle East strategy and commercial diplomacy division.
Domestically, Jadwa Investment estimates that 1.2 million foreign workers, many of whom work in hospitality, tourism, retail and construction, will leave Saudi Arabia by the end of the year.
Momani, the professor, said the expat exodus could provide a silver lining for women and young Saudis to fill some of those jobs.
"The one slow factor has always been women's participation in the labor force. So there's room to expand that," she said. "This might be an opportunity with further Saudization of the labor force."
More in ECONOMIC NEWS
Business ML Magazine chooses Polina Nioly as the face of its pilot issue cover
On February 8, the business magazine Business ML Magazine was presented in Dubai. The editor-in-chief is...
Briton ordered held by Sweden court in deadly ship collision
A British national has been ordered held in pre-trial custody suspected of being drunk on the...
Hungarian fashion studio builds Roma cultural prestige
BUDAPEST, Hungary — A fashion studio in Hungary is challenging the centuries-old stereotypes faced by the...
Stocks end higher after Fed accelerates stimulus pullback
Stocks rose steadily on Wall Street Wednesday after the Federal Reserve said it would accelerate its...
FAO: Virus hits Asian food security, as millions go hungry
A United Nations report says the prolonged pandemic and surging prices are undermining food security for...
From Paris to Bangkok, restaurants welcome diners again
Who they were: Victims of the deadliest California wildfire


text:
30 Second Bunnies
PRIMETIMER
Forums Info, Guides and FAQ
Manage Topic Follows
Manage Forum Follows
TV Show Index
cmr2014
20.7k Excellent
The Other Duggars: The Howlers, Lost Girls, Grandma Duggar and Amy
cmr2014 replied to Ljohnson1987's topic in Counting On
I think that's probably his plan, but that isn't really a recipe for success in the restaurant business.
The restaurant looks fine to me. I thought that the menu looked good. I kind of thought cigars were over, but I don't really keep up on what millenial men are into these days, and I could see a market for this type of hyper-masculine environment. On the other hand, does this guy have ANY experience in the restaurant business? Running a restaurant is an enormous amount of work and requires loooong hours. I've never really had the impression that Dillon had much of a work ethic.
The Duggalos: Jinger and the Holy Goalie
cmr2014 replied to frenchtoast's topic in Counting On
She's a woman. She's not expected to "know things" or "have opinions." She's expected to be attractive and submissive, and express admiration for the men around her. I imagine she does just fine.
Yest. at 08:00 PM
22.1k replies
JD and Abbie: Captured Before the Rapture
I wish that was true, but I doubt it. I think that their interactions are all that stilted and insincere. They have a lifetime of programming in not speaking to each other without clearing their words through JB and J'chelle.
The Lonely Js Club: Jana, Jedidiah, Jeremiah, Jason and James
cmr2014 replied to SpaghettiTuesdays's topic in Counting On
I think we've seen this before where the child is supposed to than J'chelle for giving birth to them. The humpers must love this because I can't imagine they would keep doing it if they weren't getting positive feedback, but I find it really depressing.
Absolutely! You know who else knows that? JB does. That's why there is a 0% chance that Jed! is living there by himself.
It would be interesting if he didn't. If Jed! gets elected, he'll have a salary (about 40K). It's not a ton of money, and I doubt JB would bankroll Jed! if he didn't think he was 100% in the fold, but it would be a pretty heady experience for him. He'll gett a bunch of forms to fill out, and if doesn't specify that all of his earnings go into the Duggar Enterprises account and instead go into a Jed Duggar account, a whole new world would open up -- including talking to women with an accountability partner at his side.
I 100% don't believe that anyone is living there. Their beliefs seem to be very fungible when they want to do something, but having a 21 year old son living alone is WAY beyond anything that they would accept. There may or may not be furniture in the house to give the illusion that someone is living there, but I don't think anyone does. When Jed said that he didn't know what was going on at the TTH because he didn't live there, he was lying. The Duggars lie all the time about every imaginable thing -- it's like breathing to Jed.
I'm actually a little surprised by the comments on this "party." I think this is about a million times nicer than the average Duggar "party." The food is in actual containers, not slapped onto the table in plastic bowls and industrial pans covered with tin foil. There are no open bags of chips sitting on the table, and no open plastic jugs of juice and iced tea. And, as multiple people have noted, the grocery store prepared food containers aren't too bad, and at least the food is edible. I don't see any banners made with markers and printer paper taped together, and no "It's a Girl" banner that looks like it's on its 50th shower. Of course it's not a "nice" shower in the sense that anyone would actually want to be there. Can you imagine being at a friend's baby shower and watching her mother-in-law take center stage and pontificate about babies and Jesus? I hope Abbie's actual friends threw her a nice shower.
I was thinking about Jana and JTTH the other day. We don't think a lot about it, but it must be well known in their circles that Jana was sent to JTTH over and over gain. Josiah being a "bad boy" who was sent to ALERT over and over again might be a real draw for a fundie girl who wants to "save" a bad boy, but if Jana is known in their circles for being a disobedient daughter, that may be a real deal breaker -- maybe not for the guys, but possibly for their parents who would be brokering the deal with JB.
Jill & Derick Dullard: Counting On (Donations)
cmr2014 replied to Chris Knight's topic in Counting On
I think it may be less dramatic than this -- although assuming that Derick has a grift afoot is never a bad bet. I would imagine that up until now all fan mail, speaking requests, and payments have gone through a JB controlled LLC. As part of disentangling themselves from Duggar enterprises, they may have wanted their own mailing address. It also wouldn't surprise me that Derick's knowledge of accounting and basic law has led him to want to publicly disassociate himself from the various shady deals and questionable shenanigans that JB is perpetually spinning.
Joy and Austin: This One Time At Family Camp
I hope you're right, but I think it's wishful thinking. Remember the video of J'chelle chasing after Spurgeon and admonishing him to "obey?" Obedience is super-important to J'chelle, and I think that includes her adult children obeying as well. If she thinks blanket training is great, her daughters should think that, too. There is no room for anything like an "opinion" in Duggar-land. If I recall correctly, Austin's family appeared on a show called something like "The Strictest Parents in America." While he and Joy may have gone through periods of questioning, they have said more recently that they see nothing wrong with the methods that their parents used (aka blanket training). It's possible to love your children and be a strict parent, too. It's also possible to be a strict parent without being a sadist or a control freak -- it's just a space where it's a lot easier to hide and pretend that you're not enjoying dishing out "discipline." Joy only has one child right now, and he's barely a toddler. I hope that they're still no signs of blanket training once he starts to show a little independence.
I think you're right, but Jer doesn't have the baggage, and it will be able to add another "profession" to the roster of the things that his illiterate kids are able to do.
My own read on this is that none of the siblings are especially close, and that's by design. Gothard has a whole playbook that's built around the idea of huge families and complete control over the children. If the children are close, they'll discuss things with each other that they don't discuss with their parents -- the seeds of rebellion can form. The entire family dynamic is built around a framework of snitches and tattling. JB and J'chelle talk all the time about how "close" their children are, but I don't believe it for a minute. I think they just say it over and over, and the kids have no frame of reference to determine if it's true or not, so they just parrot back that they're "close" with no clue what that might mean. The only people outside of her buddy group that Jill might have been allowed to be "close" to are Jana, Jessa, and Jinger. Jessa had dibs on Jinger and she seems like a mean girl who would get pleasure out of excluding Jill. I think that Jana's been completely emotionally shut down since she was first shipped off to JTTH more than 15 years ago, so I don't see much room for bonding there, either. I agree with @Growsonwalls that all of the rest of the pack knows which way the wind is blowing at the TTH and aren't going to reach out to Jill if it will cause them ANY blowback at home.
I'm okay with the no-drinking thing -- although I certainly went out for drinks on my 21st birthday. The thing is, though, that I went out with my FRIENDS. The few times we've seen photos of the guys out for pizza "with friends" just further illustrates how friendless they all are. I think that the Duggars think the word "friend" means "someone you've met who believes in the right Jesus."
Change font-size
Light (Default)
Copyright © 2019 Snugglefish Media. All rights reserved. Powered by Invision Community
Customize font-size


text:
Brisbane International 2015 byl společný tenisový turnaj mužského okruhu ATP World Tour a ženského okruhu WTA Tour, hraný v areálu Queensland Tennis Centre na otevřených dvorcích s tvrdým povrchem. Konal se na úvod sezóny mezi 4. až 10. lednem 2015 v brisbaneském Tennysonu jako sedmý ročník turnaje.

Mužská polovina se řadila do kategorie ATP World Tour 250 a její dotace činila 494 310 amerických dolarů. Ženská část s rozpočtem 1 milion dolarů byla součástí kategorie WTA Premier Tournaments. Turnaj představoval první událost Australian Open Series s vrcholem – úvodním grandslamem roku, Australian Open.

Nejvýše nasazenými tenisty v singlových soutěžích se stali světové dvojky Roger Federer ze Švýcarska a Maria Šarapovová z Ruska. Oba naplnili žebříčkové předpoklady favoritů. když dvouhry vyhráli. Federer finálovou výhrou zaznamenal jubilejní 1000. vítězný zápas v profesionálním tenisu a zařadil se tak po bok Jimmyho Connorse (1 253) a Ivana Lendla (1 071) jako třetí hráč, jenž tohoto výkonu dosáhl.

Rozdělení bodů a finančních odměn

Rozdělení bodů

Dvouhra mužů

Nasazení

Jiné formy účasti
Následující hráčí obdrželi divokou kartu do hlavní soutěže:
  James Duckworth
  Thanasi Kokkinakis
  John Millman

Následující hráči postoupili z kvalifikace:
  Łukasz Kubot
  Denis Kudla
  Marius Copil
  Rhyne Williams

Odhlášení
před zahájením turnaje
  Marin Čilić → nahradil jej Andrej Golubjev
  Donald Young → nahradil jej Marinko Matosevic
  Juan Martín del Potro → nahradil jej Samuel Groth

Mužská čtyřhra

Nasazení

Jiné formy účasti
Následující páry obdržely divokou kartu do hlavní soutěže:
  Grigor Dimitrov /  Thanasi Kokkinakis
  James Duckworth /  Marinko Matosevic

Ženská dvouhra

Nasazení

Jiné formy účasti
Následující hráčky obdržely divokou kartu do hlavní soutěže:
  Jarmila Gajdošová
  Ajla Tomljanovićová

Následující hráčky postoupily z kvalifikace:
  Madison Brengleová
  Darja Gavrilovová
  Jaroslava Švedovová
  Lesja Curenková
  Alla Kudrjavcevová – jako šťatná poražená

Odhlášení
před zahájením turnaje
  Camila Giorgiová (poranění ústní dutiny) → nahradila ji Bethanie Matteková-Sandsová (chráněný žebříček)
  Garbiñe Muguruzaová (poranění hlezna) → nahradila ji Alla Kudrjavcevová

Ženská čtyřhra

Nasazení

Jiné formy účasti
Následující páry obdržely divokou kartu:
  Ana Ivanovićová /  Angelique Kerberová
  Mirjana Lučićová Baroniová /  Lisa Raymondová
  Darja Gavrilovová /  Storm Sandersová

Přehled finále

Mužská dvouhra

  Roger Federer vs.  Milos Raonic, 6–4, 6–7(2–7), 6–4.

Ženská dvouhra

  Maria Šarapovová vs.  Ana Ivanovićová 6–7(4–7), 6–3, 6–3

Mužská čtyřhra

  Jamie Murray /  John Peers vs.  Alexandr Dolgopolov /  Kei Nišikori, 6–3, 7–6(7–4).

Ženská čtyřhra

  Martina Hingisová /  Sabine Lisická vs.  Caroline Garciaová /  Katarina Srebotniková, 6–2, 7–5, 6–2, 7–5.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

ATP World Tour 2015
WTA Tour 2015
Tenis v Austrálii v roce 2015


text:
ESPN College Football is the branding used for broadcasts of NCAA Division I FBS college football across ESPN properties, including ESPN, ESPN2, ESPN3, ESPN+,  ABC, ESPN Classic, ESPNU, ESPN Deportes, ESPNews and ESPN Radio. ESPN College Football debuted in 1982.

ESPN College Football consists of four to five games a week, with ESPN College Football Primetime, which airs at 7:30 on Thursdays. Saturday includes ESPN College Football Noon at 12:00 Saturday, a 3:30 or 4:30 game that is not shown on a weekly basis, and ESPN College Football Primetime on Saturday. A Sunday game, Sunday Showdown, was added for the first half of 2006 to make up for the loss of Sunday Night Football to NBC.

ESPN also produces ESPN College Football on ABC and ESPN Saturday Night Football on ABC in separate broadcast packages.

The American, ACC, Big Ten, Big 12, Conference USA, MAC, Pac-12, SEC, and Sun Belt are all covered by ESPN along with FBS Independents BYU and Liberty. Through its online arm ESPN3 and the ESPN+ streaming service, ESPN carries a wide variety of other athletic conferences and games at lower divisions, spanning the full breadth of college football.

History
ESPN began airing taped college football games during the 1979 regular season, starting with a game between Colorado and Oregon.  The network was limited to airing tape-delayed games because the NCAA controlled television rights through exclusive contracts.  However, because bowl games operate outside the control of the NCAA, ESPN was able to air the 1982 Independence Bowl between Kansas State and Wisconsin live (through a simulcast with the Mizlou Television Network) – the first live football game televised on ESPN.

After the 1984 Supreme Court decision in NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma allowed individual schools to negotiate television rights, ESPN began broadcasting live regular-season games during the 1984 season, beginning with a game between BYU and Pittsburgh on September 1, 1984. The first live broadcast of a regular-season night game followed that night, between the Florida Gators, who were ranked number 17, and the Miami Hurricanes, who were ranked number 10.

In recent years, ESPN and ESPN2 air games at noon, which usually includes a Big Ten game. Both networks also air primetime games, typically featuring teams from the ACC or SEC.

With the expansion of ESPN, including multiple networks and outlets, their coverage has likewise increased. In 2005, with the creation of ESPNU, over 300 games were aired on its networks.

In 2007, the ESPN family of networks aired over 450 games. Also, they aired a weekly game on ESPN Radio for the first time ever. ESPN started that season with 25 hours of college football programming.

Also, ESPNU has rapidly increased the coverage of spring intramural team scrimmages with entire programs dedicated to this phenomenon. In 2008, ESPN aired College GameDay from Florida Field prior to their spring scrimmage game.

Starting with the 2007 season, ESPN began sublicensing games from Fox Sports Net, with the Big 12 Conference (later extended until 2009) and with the Pacific-10 Conference. However, the games cannot air during the "reverse mirror" slot.

During the 2008 season, ESPN aired over 400 games.

Beginning in the 2010 season, ESPN acquired exclusive broadcast rights to the Bowl Championship Series in a four-year contract, where all games in the BCS would be aired on ESPN.

Also in 2010, the company launched ESPN Goal Line, a gametime-only channel that switches between games to show the most interesting plays, similar to NFL RedZone.

In 2012, ESPN reached long-term, 12-year agreements to retain rights to the Rose Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Sugar Bowl following the dissolution of the Bowl Championship Series. In November, ESPN reached a 12-year deal to broadcast the remainder of the new College Football Playoff system, valued at around $470 million per-year, giving it continued rights to the Peach Bowl and Fiesta Bowl, as well as the Cotton Bowl Classic and the College Football Playoff National Championship.

For the 2014-15 postseason, ESPN implemented a major overhaul of its on-air presentation with flat design and a score box in the bottom-right of the screen, which soft launched during the New Orleans Bowl, and formally debuted alongside new imaging for the first CFP bowl games.  ESPN revamped its on-air presentation for college football again for the 2020 season, with a "test facility" theme, and a scoreboard along the bottom of the screen reminiscent of Monday Night Football.

In 2017, ESPN renewed its rights to the Big Ten; the network lost its tier 1 rights to Big Ten football to Fox Sports, meaning that it no longer has the first choices of games each week.

In 2019, ESPN began a 12-year deal with the American Athletic Conference, with at least 40 football games on ESPN linear networks and ABC per-season, and all other content on ESPN+. ESPN+ also acquired the third-tier media rights to most Big 12 teams, besides the Texas Longhorns (who have a partnership with ESPN on Longhorn Network) and Oklahoma Sooners (which had a partnership with Fox Sports Oklahoma). ESPN+ eventually acquired the Sooners' rights in 2022, in an agreement that will last through its exit to the SEC in 2025.

In December 2020, ESPN announced a 10-year, $3 billion contract to hold the top media rights for the SEC beginning in 2024, ending its long-standing agreement with CBS, and seeing its flagship package of games move to ABC.

In August 2022, it was reported that ESPN had backed out of negotiations to renew its rights to Big Ten athletics after the 2022 season, ending a relationship dating back to the 1980s. The Big Ten ultimately signed with Fox, CBS (where its Big Ten package will effectively replace its SEC package in 2024), and NBC, with all three networks holding shares of its college football and basketball rights.

Programs
College Football Live - Daily program during the season and weekly show in the offseason
College GameDay - Weekly show (in-season) from the site of the biggest game of the day or significance
College Football Final - Saturday show reviewing the highlights of the days and the biggest stories

ESPNU programs
ESPNU Inside The Polls
ESPNU Coaches Spotlight
ESPNU Recruiting Insider

Former programs
Thursday GameNight (formerly the Weekend Kickoff Show)

Coverage

ESPN airs Spring Football games and coverage. Coverage includes College Football Final which wraps the annual Spring Games.

During the regular season, ESPN airs pre-selected Thursday night marquee matchups. ESPN2 airs pre-selected Friday night contests from lesser known Division I schools. In late October and November, games almost exclusively from the Mid-American Conference air on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, usually on ESPN2.

The weekend games with the exception of the regular season are typically selected a week or two weeks out. ABC gets the first pick of games for all the major conferences, with the exception of the SEC, in which case CBS get their first selection.

ESPN/ESPN2 formerly aired coverage of ABC games in a "reverse mirror" format. Both networks will also air other selected midweek games and Sunday games, typically teams from more "minor" conferences (Sunday games are exceptionally rare because of conflicts with ESPN Sunday Night Baseball and the network's professional football coverage, both NFL and Canadian football).

ESPN Radio airs a weekly game as well as selected College Football Playoff bowl games including all bowl and national championship games.

ESPNU usually airs 5 games per week.

Before its closure in December 2021, ESPN Classic aired selected games throughout the year.

Typical games
ESPN's Saturdays during the regular season begin at 9:00 AM ET with College GameDay, a three-hour live show that previews the day's games.  This counts down to the first set of games for the day, which begin at noon ET on ABC, ESPN, and ESPN2.  Another set of games will begin across those three networks around 3:30 PM.  At the conclusion of the second game, Saturday Night Football on ABC games are presented each Saturday evening starting at 7:30 p.m. during the college football regular season, which has been the case since 2017. ESPN College Football Saturday Primetime starts around 7:00, as does another game on ESPN2.  Late-night games (often from the Pac-12 Conference) begin on ESPN and ESPN2 around 10:30 ET, in prime time on the west coast.

Kickoff Week is the first weekend of the college football weekend. Games include the Advocare Classic, the Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game and other non-conference action.  One game will air on ABC on Sunday night, and second game will air on ESPN on the following Monday night.  After the first week of the college football season, the NFL season begins, and so these windows are filled with NBC's Sunday Night Football and ESPN's Monday Night Football, respectively.

Championship Weekend always features the MAC Championship Game and will feature the Pac-12 Championship game every other year beginning in 2013. Previously it has featured the WAC Championship Game, the C-USA Championship Game, and the Big 12 Championship game before they changed affiliates or dropped below the minimum 12 teams required for a football championship.

The ESPN family of networks air the Division I FCS conference playoffs as well as the Division II and III championship games.

ESPN and ESPN2 air the bulk of the games during ''Bowl Week'' (which contrary to its name extends to well over two calendar weeks because of the huge number of bowls, many created by ESPN's own event division, the networks air).

Through the network's online arms WatchESPN and ESPN3, the ESPN networks cover the breadth of almost all levels of college football.

Nielsen ratings

Conference Championship Games since 2015

2021-22 Bowl Games

Non-game action

College GameDay
ESPN airs the nationally renowned College GameDay. Since 1993 and almost exclusively in recent years, it has aired from the top game of the week or one of significance. For the 2010 season, the show was expanded to three hours, with the first hour airing on ESPNU.

Home Depot College Football Awards
Since 1990, ESPN has aired the show live from the Boardwalk in Orlando, Florida. The show airs several awards.

Heisman Trophy Presentation
Since 1994, ESPN has aired the Heisman Trophy from New York City. It is typically an hour-long program featuring interviews with past winners and nominees (with their families or coaches).

Personalities

See also
ESPN College Football Primetime
ESPN College Football Thursday Primetime
ESPN College Football Friday Primetime
ESPN College Football Saturday Primetime
ESPN2 College Football Saturday Primetime
ESPNU College Football
ESPN College Football on ABC
Saturday Night Football
ESPN Plus

References

External links

College Football
College Football
ABC Sports
American Broadcasting Company original programming
1982 American television series debuts
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
2020s American television series
Sports telecast series
ESPN


Indianapolis Concrete has been serving the Indy area since 2005. We take great pride in provinding exceptional quality work and service. If you need concrete service In Indianapolis or the surrounding central Indiana, call the experts at Indianapolis concrete. We are standing by to help you.
We pride ourselves on being an industry leader and giving every customer a great experience. Indianapolis Concrete guarantees great service and and the highest level of craftmanship.
Hank has a strong landscape background to complement his concrete construction knowledge.
Bill has worked in concrete for over 20 years as a concrete finisher, foreman, supervisor and now, the president of a concrete company.
Angela joined the Indianapolis Concrete Team in June of 2009 and is here to provide every customer with excellent customer service.