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Homelessness: It's never what you think
Street teacher: Moses Velaphi is a homeless man from Kwazulu-Natal who found a way of earning money from regular drivers at traffic lights by teaching them a new Zulu word each day on his board (CCTN AFRICA)
WHAT is the personal story of the black beggar in dirty rags who approaches your car window at a traffic light, pointing to his mouth, asking for food? You often hear complaints from residents of Johannesburg's middle class neighbourhoods about being bothered by homeless beggars, making them scared to open their windows.
Three weeks ago at the Kingsmead Book Fair, hosted at Kingsmead College – an elite girls-only school in upmarket Rosebank, Johannesburg – one of the most moving panel discussions focused on a critically acclaimed film called Vaya, whose team included Anthony Mafela, a once-homeless man. Vaya enjoyed a limited screening at local cinemas last year and gave rise to a book, Vaya: Untold Stories of Johannesburg. The film tells true stories of rural people from Kwazulu-Natal coming to the city, who land up in desperate situations. After the speakers' presentations a sincere question came from an obviously privileged white woman in the audience: "What is it like to be homeless?" None of the panelists answered satisfactorily; they skirted the question. How to describe having nothing, to someone with everything?
Vaya, directed by Akin Amotoso, portrays real-life stories of three homeless people – the kind drivers might glimpse from car windows. A taste of the underbelly of Johannesburg – one of the world's most unequal cities – existing alongside mainly white middle class suburbs like Glenhazel, Sandton or elsewhere. The script is crafted from the Homeless Writers' Project, which started in 2009.
It opens with three hopeful people on a train from rural KZN en route to Johannesburg – each expecting help from family, but finding themselves alone and in danger. The first, Nhlanhla, has no money for lobola to marry Sihle in KZN, so he is going to Joburg to make money after a cousin offers him a job, but is quickly trapped into the world of gangsters, becoming a killer dependent on gang bosses. The second, the beautiful young woman Zanele, comes to the city with her friend's child, wanting to be a dancer and finds herself – and the child – on the point of being sold into the illegal trade in women. The third, Nkulu, has come to fetch his migrant-worker father's dead body from the mines, to take home to his KZN family for the ancestors' sake, only to discover that his father had built a second family in the city and only visited his original wife and family in KZN every six months, leaving Nkulu in limbo in Johannesburg.
In streets leading up to Kingsmead College on the day of the fair were parked rows of gleaming 4x4s and other expensive fair-goers' cars; across the road at Rosebank Mall were shops selling international brands of clothes and food. And as if to push the searing disparities in your face, barefooted beggars in dirty rags hung around the avenue of jacaranda trees at the school entrance.
The exploration into 'underground' Johannesburg includes an intriguing book series by Tanya Zack and photographer Mark Lewis called 'Wake up, this is Joburg', published by Fourthwall Books. It tells stories of ten inhabitants in the city's 'alternative economy'. One depicts 'survivors' carving out a precarious living chopping up S'kop – cows' heads rejected by traditional butcheries whose meat is eaten amongst poorer sections of the society – under the highways and in abandoned buildings, invisible to ordinary Johannesburg residents. They fly by the seat of their pants, amongst xenophobia and a changing city.
What do the visitors to the Kingsmead Fair – and the readers of this column – with roofs over their heads and cars in their garages, make of this other, invisible world? At least the sense that the ragged people at their car windows have stories as interesting and relevant to the city as theirs.
Tagged Akin Amotoso, beggars, Geoff Sifrin, homeless in Johannesburg, Kingsmead Book Fair, Kwazulu-Natal, Mark Lewis, Taking Issue, Tanya Zack, Vaya
Is there any solid ground in this quicksand of rage?
The rage and the response: Palestinian protesters on Israel's border with Gaza face teargas and other harsh means as Israel tries to keep them away from the border fence. Some 60 Palestinians were killed by live fire from Israel in the protests
SOUTH AFRICAN Jews can be forgiven for being confused about Israel and South Africa, both of which concern them immensely. The abiding feeling is a conflict of loyalties.
This week's conflagration in Israel looms large, with Monday's lethal clash with some 40,000 Palestinians protesting along the Gaza border, and reports saying 60 were killed and 1200 wounded, with more expected in coming days.
SA Jews generally believe the United Nations is biased against Israel. Thus, when two-thirds of the Security Council expressed "profound concern" Monday night, complaining that a 2016 resolution demanding that Israel must stop building settlements on Palestinian land was being ignored, they were not surprised. Nor that Ireland – also considered anti-Israel – demanded an independent investigation into the killings.
But when, to many Jews' dismay, the SA government, in crude and one-sided, inflammatory language, immediately recalled its ambassador to Israel and called on Israel to "withdraw from the Gaza Strip and bring to an end the violent and destructive incursions into Palestinian territories", it was too much: South Africa didn't seem to know that Israel withdrew in 2005.
All of this came just after Israel's Independence Day celebration and opening of the US embassy in Jerusalem, which most SA Jews praised. So whose side to take?
The official response of the SA Jewish Board of Deputies and SA Zionist Federation said the government's decision was "outrageous and displays gross double standards… against the Jewish state." But many will criticise it harshly for entertaining no questions about any conceivable failures on both sides in the situation, even if they were unintentional – an "Israel is completely right, the Palestinians are completely wrong" attitude. They will see it as a blind closing of ranks with no grey areas, and not as a call for all South Africans to understand that there are many sides to the conflict.
The SAJBD's long-standing mandate is looking after Jewish community welfare, not national politics. But where does the line lie? It will argue that SA policy towards Israel directly affects the welfare of the Jewish community and that SA criticism of Israel provokes anti-Semitism. Many Jews will agree. Some may not.
Numerous questions beg answers from Israel and South Africa. Israel had put in place measures to avoid loss of Palestinian lives, particularly because of criticisms after unarmed Palestinians were killed in previous weeks. What happened?
Who controls SA foreign policy? Is it President Cyril Ramaphosa, admired as the man who will repair the country? SA politics is as complex as Israel's; no one knows what's going on in the struggle between him and the old Zuma network of patronage. Until recently there was a feeling of 'ramaphoria' about him – the messiah coming to save the country.
He has begun fixing things and ejecting corrupt individuals. But his support is fragile; he treads carefully around powerful people. If he proposed a different Israel stance, would he anger ANC members? How important is his Jewish constituency? ANC policy supports the two-state solution – Israel living alongside Palestine. But ANC heavyweights strongly favour the Palestinians.
In the SA media, Israel was a front page story for some, but it won't last. The truth is, most people are tired of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict – it's more of the same, year after year, with no solution in sight.
Most ordinary people watch the news and shrug. Some take an emotional position after watching a certain item, but change it soon after; there are too many variables, it's too complex. Ultimately, many withdraw and go on with their lives. The danger is that at times like this, people get sucked into a mob mentality, separating everyone into 'friend' or 'foe' as if those on the other side are not human.
There are people on all sides with dreams and hopes for a better life.
Tagged Gaza protests, Geoff Sifrin, Ramaphosa, SA Jews response to Gaza, SA media, SAJBD response to Gaza, SAZF response to Gaza, Taking Issue, United Nations bias
How to keep your wits in a trigger-happy world
Is it guns who kill, or the people who use them? Gun advocates such as US president Donald Trump say it's the latter. The scourge of gun-related killings in America and South Africa – the worst in the world – puts his words to a severe test.
HATE him or love him, American president Donald Trump provokes debate on just about everything, the latest being his theatrical pro-gun speech to the National Rifle Association (NRA) on Friday. South Africans listening to it should be worried about guns in their own country, which comes second only to America on gun-related homicides per capita in the world.
Despite America's shocking statistics on gun violence, Trump fiercely defended their right to own guns. America's rate of gun violence exceeds all other developed countries – a 2016 study in the American Journal of Medicine found that Americans are 25 times more likely to die from gun homicide than people in other wealthy countries. But Trump, insanely, advocates even more guns. To make his point, he quoted the 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, where Islamist gunmen murdered staff at the satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, shoppers at a Jewish supermarket, and others. If civilians were armed, he said, "it would have been a whole different story." Can you just imagine the bloodbath?
Sadly, the rate of firearm-related killings in South Africa ranks just behind America, which has 10.2 deaths per 100,000 population – the highest in the world. South Africa has 9.4 per 100,000. Next on the list is Switzerland, way down at 3.84. These figures are from a study by American medical professionals based on data from 2010-2012.
Middle and upper class South Africans don't experience this reality directly because they are shielded behind high walls and security guards in cities like Johannesburg and Cape Town, and lead a semblance of first-world lives. But if they read the papers they may be aware of the effect on poorer people in townships and elsewhere. Studies report that 18 people are shot and killed every day in South Africa.
In America, politics plays a huge role for Trump: the NRA, one of the country's most politically powerful groups which can make or break politicians, zealously resists gun control. It is generally easier to be a legal gun owner "than it is to be a legal driver," says David Hemenway, director of Harvard's Injury Control Research Center.
South Africa's new president Cyril Ramaphosa, promises to fix the country after the 9-year Zuma debacle. But he has enemies, and violence in SA society is deep-rooted and goes back decades. The figures are shocking: According to a 2014 report of the IEP (Institute for Economics and Peace) South Africa ranks as the 15th worst country worldwide for societal safety and security, and the 8th most violent, with a homicide rate – gun-related and others – of 31 per 100,000 people. Rates like this are generally found in countries with serious ongoing crises or at war.
Does a country with external threats risk higher internal violence because of stress? Not necessarily; Israel exists in a region of major violent conflicts along its borders, and continuous threats to annihilate it, but its rate of gun-related deaths, at 2.16 per 100,000 is extremely low compared to the 9.4 quoted above for SA.
The daily experiences of the two nations' inhabitants reflect these figures. Israelis have no hesitation going out in the streets late at night, including young people, men and women. But drive through many neighbourhoods in South Africa and you'll see the massive walls with barbed wire around the houses, and the cars of private security companies patrolling the streets. Go to almost any shopping centre at 9 at night, and you'll find few people there, and entertainment facilities mostly closed by then.
Can South Africans repair their society? Trump has many followers in gun-happy America who want even more guns. Taking his cue and giving 'innocent' people more guns in South Africa would be madness. Yet how to stop it? It causes many of the best South Africans who can still leave, to do so.
Tagged Donald Trump talks to NRA, gun homicides, gun killings in America, gun killings in Israel, gun killings in South Africa, guns, stats on gun violence in America, Stuttgart, trigger-happy
Is this the moment when everything changes?
Hidden threat under cups of coffee: The liveliness and enjoyment of crowds in Tel Aviv's Neve Tzedek neighbourhood covers a sinister challenge for Israel – will it be irrevocably stained as Israeli soldiers are instructed to fire at unarmed protesters on the Gaza border?
IN EVERY nation, certain events are identified by historians looking back as tipping points which defined its character and soul. Israel's wars are markers – the War of Independence, Six Day War and Yom Kippur War, which gave Israelis and Jews the feeling they weren't doomed to forever be "strangers" in other peoples' countries. Crucial moments in the Jewish soul.
It doesn't have to be war in the conventional sense; it could reside under the surface of everyday reality, as it does on this seventieth anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel.
Anyone visiting Neve Tzedek, the artsy area in South Tel Aviv last Friday night would have seen the incredible buzz of people, young and old of all cultures and languages confidently enjoying themselves at cafes and strolling the streets, and might have been inspired at how far Israel has come and the confidence of its citizens. Israeli flags hung on almost every street pole, from every window, and on cars' aerials. At the crowded shuk's' entrance, a man sang popular 1960s songs amidst the flags.
But if you went into a café and listened to conversations, you would hear sprinkled among them, the 'war' going on just across the border a few kilometres away over the Green Line, in the West Bank and Gaza, beyond the privileged Tel Aviv 'bubble'. There is also talk of a new force in politics, not just to do with the shaky coalition Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is holding together amidst scandals, but about a potent recent incident: The morality of Israeli soldiers shooting and killing unarmed protesters on March 30, at the Gaza border during protests there, which started a train of events Israel seems unable to stop.
That event may be what historians will identify as the point when even ardent believers in the justice of the Jews' statehood could not excuse its actions – where in some respects, Israel lost something in its soul.
Such markers in a nation's character don't have to be bloody. In the United States, the Rosa Parks incident, where a black woman refused to surrender her seat to a white male passenger on a Montgomery, Alabama bus in 1955, triggered a wave of protests that reverberated throughout the United States. The flurry which the incident generated became a symbol of the indignities black people were constantly subjected to, affecting the soul of the nation and its sense of morality. She is internationally recognised as the "mother of the modern day civil rights movement" in America. Everyone knows the name Rosa Parks.
Other tipping points affecting inner, personal feelings in the United States include the terrorist attacks of September 11 in 2001, which future historians might one day interpret as the beginning of the third world war.
For the new South Africa, the 2012 killings at Marikana will probably qualify as the tipping point for negative perceptions about the ANC, as the 1960 Sharpeville massacre was for the apartheid government.
Sometimes tipping points are contradictory. South Africa's difficult situation today regarding rising racial tensions, inequality and poverty, suggests that rather than being the dawn of a new, bright era, the much heralded 1994 democratic elections might be seen by future historians as the beginning of a new decline of SA into a corrupt, bankrupt country. What a tragedy, after the bitter struggle that was waged here.
Another glance at the buzz in Neve Tzedek reveals that behind the façade of joy and laughter, lies the uncomfortable knowledge that something much more difficult and complex is playing out. How to recapture the moral high ground after incidents such as the shooting of unarmed civilians is no less of a struggle for Israel than winning a war.
Tagged Gaza protests, Geoff Sifrin, Israeli flags, Marikana, Neve Tzedek, Rosa Parks, Shooting unarmed protesters, Taking Issue, Tel Aviv bubble


Move on to 1979 or back to 1977.
BJF, 1978, Intelligence Quotient or Intelligence Type? Nature, 271: 7, 5 January.
Report, 1978, Science Writer gets a Six Foot Ticket to fly Around the World [with photograph of BJF], Western Mail, 13 January.
Fremlin, J. H. 1978, Intelligence is More than I.Q., Nature, 271: 606, 16 January.
See also: Correspondence following Bondi, H., 1978, in Nature, 272: 204.
Announcement, 1978, BJF lecture on the Democratisation of Science, [in] Official Programme, India International Centre, New Delhi 110 003, 17 January.
Announcement, 1978, BJF lecture on the Democratisation of Science, [in] The Times of India, 21 January.
Announcement, 1978, BJF lecture on the Democratisation of Science, [in] Hindustan Times, 21 January.
BJF, 1978, Democratisation of Science [lecture], India International Centre, 21 January.
Script, 1978, BJF interviewed by All India Broadcasting, New Delhi, 22 January.
Report, 1978, Scientists Flayed for 'Snobbery', Hindustan Times, 22 January.
Report, 1978, U.K. Scientist tells how Not to Teach Science, The Times of India, 22 January.
BJF, 1978, Address, Calcutta, 25 January.
Script, 1978, BJF interview, Calcutta Daily programme, All India Radio, Calcutta, January.
BJF, 1978, The Microbe World [lecture], Raffles College, Singapore, January.
Report, 1978, Ford on Microbes, The Rafflesian, 13 (1): leader page, February.
BJF, 1978, The European Experience of Water Management [keynote lecture], Australian Waste Water Association, University of Hobart, Tasmania, 6 February.
Report, 1978, Water Problem by 2000 Predicted [feature with photograph], The Mercury: 2, Tasmania, 7 February.
BJF, 1978, The Microecology of Water Purification [lecture], Australian Waste Water Association, University of Hobart, Tasmania, 7 February.
BJF, 1978, New Philosophies of Tertiary Treatment [lecture], Australian Waste Water Association, University of Hobart, Tasmania, 8 February.
Script, 1978, BJF guest on The Morning Programme, Australian Broadcasting Commission, Sydney, Australia, 8 February.
Report, 1978, He's Tired of Being so young [profile with photograph of BJF], Hobart Mercury: 56, 10 February.
BJF, 1978, Experiments on the Re-use of Heavily Polluted Water [lecture], Australian Waste Water Association, University of Hobart, Tasmania, 10 February.
Script, 1978, BJF interview with Robyn Williams, The Science Show, ABC Sydney.
Script, 1978, BJF interview for Tasmanian Television News, 10 February.
Trickett, Jill, 1978, [Cites Microbiology and Food in] Food Poisoning, London: Stanley Thomas Publishers.
Report, 1978, BJF's World Tour, South Wales Echo, March.
BJF, 1978, European Experience of Water Treatment [edited transcript, with photograph of BJF], Water, 5 (1): 10-12, March.
Report, 1978, BJF lecturing at Summer School, Water, 5 (1): 24, March.
Billing, 1978, BJF with Katie Boyle, Radio Times, 29 May.
Billing, 1978, BJF on Open Line, Radio Times, 31 May.
BJF, 1978, Down with Programmes, Langham Diary, The Listener, 99: 777, 15 June.
BJF, 1978, Microbe Power: Tomorrow's Revolution, [US paperback edition], 183pp, ISBN 0-8128-6006-3, New York: Scarborough Books.
Biography, 1978, BJF [in] International Writers' and Artists' Who's Who, 8th edition, June.
BJF, 1978, Unnatural Bread [transcribed BBC programme], The Listener, 100: 47, 13 July.
Ford, Brian J., 1978, Die Deutschen Geheimwaffen, [German edition German Secret Weapons, translator H. Weilguni], ISBN unknown, Munich: Molden Taschenbuch, September.
Ford, Brian J., 1978, Die Deutschen Geheimwaffen, [Austrian edition of German Secret Weapons, translation by H. Weilguni], ISBN 3-8118-4307-9, Vienna: MTV Eroica Verslagsges.
Evans, Brian, 1978, Goodbye 'Good Morning, Wales', [describes 'brilliant but impatient BJF interrupting his hesitant interviewee 'In other words, what you are trying to say is ..]' Western Mail: 9, 11 November.
Report, 1978, Writer books up for the Med., South Wales Echo: 9, 22 November.
BJF, 1978, Die Deutschen Geheimwaffen, [Austrian edition German Secret Weapons, translation by H. Weilguni], ISBN 3-8118-4307-9, Vienna: MTV Eroica Verslagsges.


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Cyberbullying bill responds to Audrie Pott's suicide
SARATOGA, Calif.
Current state law gave prosecutors no choice but to try Audrie Pott's three classmates in juvenile court where their identities and the punishment were kept secret.
A new bill by state Sen. Jim Beall, D-San Jose, to be known as Audire's Law, will specify that sexual assault of a defenseless victim must go to open, adult court. Defenseless is defined as intoxicated, unconscious or mentally disabled.
"We believe that if the identity of the sexual offenders and their sentence is exposed, it would deter future incidents and put the community on alert to monitor the assailants' behavior and keep other students safe," Audrie's mother Sheila Pott said.
Conviction could lead to prison time instead of the 30-45 days in juvenile hall the teens received in the Pott case. The use of social media to disseminate sexually explicit photos would also be tried in adult court.
"The time has come to pull these predator perpetrators out of the shadows and make the juvenile justice system live up to its promise to protect their victims," Santa Clara County District Attorney Jeff Rosen said.
Rosen says that's the only way to send a message to minors about the consequences of rape or cyberbullying.
"We're trying to deter some of this conduct, and we're trying to deter the idea that boys will be boys, or this is a rite of passage," Rosen said. "Rape is not a rite of passage."
Beall says California law hasn't kept up with social media and new crimes.
At the Bill Wilson Center, a Santa Clara youth counseling and crisis agency, there is concern the bill could set a precedent for juvenile cases
"Is every crime the same? No, I don't think so, and I wouldn't say that the result or the penalty for that needs to be the same in every case," center spokesperson Pilar Furlong said.
The bill goes now to two committees in the state legislature. If passed, it could take effect starting Jan. 1.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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'No gifts, just the vaccine please,' Canadian woman's wish for 94th birthday
New Delhi, Delhi, India Published: Feb 27, 2021, 01:03 PM(IST)
Nina Rockett's daughter Margot showed her frustration over the government's slow rollout of vaccine by making and hanging the banner outside her mother's house on the birthday on February 24 (Courtesy: Frank Gunn) Photograph:( Twitter )
Canada has secured over 400 million doses of Covid-19 vaccine supplies, but the rollout hit a roadblock due to the shortage and delivery delays by the manufactures in Europe
A Canadian woman has made it clear that don't bring any gift for her 94th birthday.
She has only one demand.
"I am 94 today! No gifts, just the vaccine please," a handwritten sign placed outside her home in Toronto said.
Watch |
Nina Rockett's daughter Margot showed her frustration over the government's slow rollout of vaccine by making and hanging the banner outside her mother's house on the birthday on February 24.
Also read | Canada to provide Covid swab tests at US border
Canada has secured over 400 million doses of Covid-19 vaccine supplies, but the rollout hit a roadblock due to the shortage and delivery delays by the manufactures in Europe.
Thus far, less than three pent of the Canadian population has received at least one coronavirus vaccine shot.
"It was the night before my mother's birthday and I realized she is turning 94 and she has no vaccine," Margot told news agency AFP.
"What is happening here is terrible, is shameful."
She added that she was "fed up" and thought that since her other is turning 94, she is "worthy" of getting inoculated.
"I was fed up and I thought I just want the world to know that she is 94 and she is worthy of having the vaccine -- and she wants it," Margot said.
Since the message was put up, Margot reveals that there is "horns honking, thumbs up, (passersby) yelling I support you".
"I think everybody should hang a banner like this outside their door or window or balcony", Margot suggested so that people understand the plight of the elderly in the country.
Several fish oils 'rancid' in US. Is yours fresh?
UK woman killed while trying to rescue dogs from Tonga tsunami
Italy ponders a new role for Draghi. Let the politicking begin.
At least 11 dead in coalition airstrike against Houthi rebels in Yemen


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Chukotka (, tr.: Chukotski avtonomni ókrug, en chucoto: Чукоткакэн автономныкэн округ, Chukotkaken avtonomnyken okrug) es uno de los cuatro distritos autónomos de la Federación de Rusia. Su capital es Anádyr. Está ubicado en el extremo noreste del país, en el distrito Lejano Oriente, limita al norte con el océano Ártico, al este con el mar de Bering, al sur con Kamchatka, al suroeste con Magadán y al oeste con Sajá.

La región se localiza en el extremo nordeste de Rusia, en la costa del mar de Bering. Antes era un distrito autónomo del óblast de Magadán, pero declaró su separación en 1991, decisión que fue confirmada por la Corte Constitucional de Rusia en 1993.

El lago Elgygytgyn, un importante sitio de investigación científica sobre el cambio climático, está ubicado en Chukotka. Tradicionalmente el hogar de los nativos chukchis, yupiks siberianos, кoriakos, chuvanos, evenis / lamutos, yukaguiros, y los Antiguos Colonos Rusos, la región fue sometida a la colectivización y al asentamiento forzado durante la era soviética.

Chukotka tiene grandes reservas de petróleo, gas natural, carbón, oro y tungsteno, las cuales están siendo explotadas gradualmente; sin embargo, gran parte de su población vive del pastoreo de subsistencia de renos, de la caza y la pesca. La población urbana está empleada generalmente en minería, administración, construcción, arte y cultura, educación, medicina y otras profesiones.

El exgobernador de Chukotka, el empresario Román Abramóvich, conocido en Occidente porque fue dueño del club inglés de fútbol Chelsea, ha gastado millones de dólares en la región para el desarrollo de la infraestructura regional y para proveer ayuda directa a los habitantes. Y ha sido reelegido recientemente como diputado por la región.

División administrativa

Demografía

 Grupos étnicos: de los 51.286 residentes de acuerdo con el censo del 2015, unos 33.878 eran eslavos, concretamente 27.918 rusos étnicos (51,9%) y 4.960 ucranianos (9,2%). El resto pertenecían principalmente a unos 86 pueblos autóctonos, entre ellos 12.622 chukchis (23.5%), 1.534 esquimales (2,85%), 1.407 evenis (2,6%), 951 chuvanos (1,77%). Unas 1.199 personas (2,3%) decidió no especificar su etnia.

Transporte
Chukotka casi no dispone de carreteras y las comunicaciones aéreas son el principal medio de transporte de pasajeros. La región tiene algunas carreteras locales en constante funcionamiento entre algunos asentamientos. En el invierno, con la congelación de los ríos, los cauces son utilizados como carreteras que conectan los asentamientos, creando en la región una red uniforme de transporte. En 2009 la sustitución del puente de emergencia a través del río Loren de la carretera local de Lavrentiya a la aldea de Lorino, se convirtió en el principal evento relacionado con el transporte en Chukotka.

Clima
A excepción de su capital, Anádyr, la exigua población local reside en poblados mayoritariamente pequeños diseminados por toda la enorme tundra, que en verano resplandece de vida animal y flora y en invierno queda sumida en una noche interminable, en la nieve, en los terribles vientos del Ártico y en la aurora boreal. Chukotka tiene costa con dos océanos, el Océano Glacial Ártico y el Océano Pacífico.
El verano, que suele ser muy corto (de junio a agosto) tiene en promedio una temperatura que va desde los 3°C hasta los 12°C, aunque en ocasiones se pueden registrar picos históricos de 20°C o más. El invierno, que es muy duro y abarca en promedio nueve meses (de finales de octubre a comienzos de mayo) registra temperaturas que oscilan entre los -25°C y -50°C.

Referencias

Véase también
 Cordillera de Chukotka

Enlaces externos

 Página sobre Chukotka con imágenes
 Factbytes: Chukotka
 Galería fotográfica de Chukotka en los 1980s–1990s

Distrito autónomo de Chukotka
Región económica de Extremo Oriente
Mar de Chukotka
Mar de Siberia Oriental

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I have returned from a frantic, exciting, and exhausting three days in Las Vegas to attend the yearly Black Hat conference. It's a great event with a lot of attendees, sponsors, vendors, and quality content and this year marked the 20th year for Black Hat. While the conference is not specifically about Identity & Access Management (IAM), you can't escape the fact that identity is everywhere and that securing those identities is a central part of a proper security program. The security threats discussed at Black Hat are going to be your problems to deal with in the next six to eighteen months (if not already).The keynote this year came from Alex Stamos, Chief Security Officer at Facebook, and to thousands at the Mandalay Bay Events Center. Identity is the core product for Facebook and they understand how important safeguarding that is. With over two billion (with a b) monthly active users, that is a virtual ton of information to protect. Being able to actively secure and defend identity, including mine and most likely yours and your friends and family, is a challenging job. Defensive mechanisms must be in place for any organization to stand a chance against threats. This is why I am such a big fan of automated identity defenses that leverage machine learning and analytics.
Can you imagine trying to sift through the logs of two billion monthly sessions to find anomalous behavior? There is very little chance you could be proactive in identifying threats and maybe you discover a problem far too late to do anything about it unless you have a literal army of analysts – and even then, it's still a long shot.
While Facebook is a huge company, that problem scales downwards to any size organization. Ask any CISO and most would say they are understaffed and underfunded. Being able to use technology to notice deviations in patterns is fast approaching a standard for an information security team. Machines can simply analyze faster (though not necessarily better) and help augment the human brains that are responsible for security of the enterprise. Hook that analytics capability up to your IAM platforms (governance, automation, privileged) and maybe some other security devices like a firewall or network access control and you have a recipe for automated identity security defense that can help you react faster in the high speed chess matches between attacker and defender.
Alex also talked about celebrating security defense just as much as successful penetrations which is something I agree more organizations should be doing. You are leaving wins on the table if you are not promoting and marketing the good work your IAM program is doing. To support awareness around identity defense, Facebook announced a million dollar internet defense prize fund. The fund will be used to help support development of new information security defenses and specifically noted generating practical ideas for securing account lifecycles. Get those thinking caps on!
Standard Active Directory accounts support over 50 user attributes that can be combined to create a communication channel between any compromised domain machine located throughout your organization. The Active Directory Botnet Client injects unique data entries into their corresponding AD account attributes within the target Domain Controller, and begins polling to identify other compromised systems within the domain. At this point, any Active Directory Botnet Client within the domain can identify compromised machines and begin issuing commands to be executed on either individual systems or across all infected endpoints.
The Active Directory Botnet Clients then execute the commands and begin tunneling the command output back through their corresponding Active Directory account attribute fields, which are then collected by the Active Directory Botnet Client that issued the original command. Active Directory Botnet Cloaking features enable confidential communications between AD Botnet Clients to avoid detection, and has the ability to use custom Active Directory properties to bypass detection attempts. This attack provides a powerful communication channel for attacks that bypass networks access controls and enable a centralized Active Directory Command & Control solution.
The primary way of preventing this attack is to monitor regular changes to Active Directory standard user attributes that are not typically changed on a regular basis, and by rearchitecting security zones to use different Active Directory Forests. This is a clear violation of the way that Active Directory is typically used; however, due to the overwhelming insecure architecture implementations of Active Directory, and the difficulty of changing Active Directory architectures, this new attack technique will be effective for many years to come.
Tracking out of band account changes just became a lot more important, which is why I bolded that specific part of the explanation! This type of capability is generally associated with more mature IAM programs. If you are not doing this today, you should start thinking about how to address this now before you have a bigger problem to deal with. I think this reinforces that IAM is never truly "done" and that it is something you need to be able to support with the proper people, process, and technology for the long term.
Lastly, there was another topic that had several sessions that was encouraging from a recognition perspective: the usability of security. The fact is, people are always looking for ways around processes. It may just be that they are not user-friendly and impede the ability to do a job. For others, it may be the challenge of breaking or exploiting a process to achieve desired results (taking your stuff). While this isn't necessarily specific to security, it can have a big impact in the way IAM information is requested, shared, and granted for any size organization. If the processes being built and run consider the human factor, it has a much greater chance at effectiveness, driving compliance, and reducing risk.
Despite the lines and packed hallways and exhibitions, it's totally worth it to attend a conference like this. For me, it's a good reminder of how identity routinely crosses into other areas of security. It's also an excellent chance to get some intelligence on "what's next" to start thinking about and incorporating into IAM strategies.
As part of our advisory practice, I partner with our clients to help plan their IAM strategies. Prior to joining Identropy, I spent over a dozen years managing, building, and running Identity & Access Management programs, projects, and teams for SC Johnson and Walgreens.


(HOST) This is National Library Week, and Commentator Deborah Luskin thinks there's lots to celebrate.
(LUSKIN) I have lots of interests, but one passion – I love to read. I read fiction and non-fiction, poetry and prose; I read for information and for entertainment, and I read year-round, at all hours of the day – and night. Reading led me to a PhD in English and a job leading book discussions in libraries around the state.
Back in the days of card catalogues, before the internet, I was writing my dissertation in Vermont, but commuting to New York City to teach and do my research. I would thumb through the cards in Butler Library's catalog room at Columbia, a library with about nine and a half million volumes and which is open seven days a week, fourteen hours a day. With resource list in hand, I'd return to Vermont and make my bibliographical requests at my local, public library. A week or so later, photocopies of scholarly articles would arrive in the mail. This was spectacular service for any library, let alone one with a collection of less than ten thousand volumes – and only open about ten hours a week.
Now, with on-line catalogues, Vermont's libraries have become even more accessible. Using Vermont's on-line catalog, I can browse the state library's holdings. The Department of Libraries website is also a portal to the catalogues of eight local college libraries and two dozen of the state's larger public collections. I've been known to search the UVM catalog at two in the morning. There's something deliciously illicit in virtually wandering about the library in the middle of the night, wearing my pajamas.
When I need to consult the Special Collections, I do have to make the three-hour drive to look at books that don't circulate. But mostly, if it's just an ordinary book I want, I can request it at my local library, only three miles away.
Like many of the 185 public libraries in Vermont, the Moore Free Library occupies what was once a small house on a residential street. Before I had high speed internet at home, I would bring my laptop to the library and connect via their network. Now that I have DSL in my home office, I visit the library to escape from my virtual world. It's nice to handle real books and talk with real people in real time in the comfort of solid, wooden chairs.
I also pay the out-of-town fee for privileges at Brooks Library, in Brattleboro. According to the Calculator on their website, which estimates the value of its services, I receive more than ten times the cost of my card. In addition to borrowing books, magazines, audio and video, membership at Brooks also gives me access to subscription databanks of the arcane, scholarly articles I use all the time.
Whether I'm looking for materials on-line or attending a lecture, reading or book discussion, the library is like my second home.


"According to our estimates, Kim Kardashian app revenue saw a year-over-year increase of about 28% bringing in approximately $8.1 million in worldwide player spending during the quarter, up from $6.4 million in 2Q17," states a report from mobile market research firm Sensor Tower.
Of those spending in "Kim Kardashian: Hollywood," 70% were Americans and 75% were playing on an iPhone.
The mobile game offers players the chance to "create your own aspiring celebrity and rise to fame and fortune," according to the Google Play Store description. The description also boasts "hundreds of style options" which translates to plenty of microtransaction revenue for Glu Mobile, as those cosmetic add-ons are, of course, not always free.
The mobile gaming market is big money these days, with estimated global spending at $26.6 billion for the first half of 2018. Some mobile developers are finding ways to get a bigger chunk of that revenue, as a portion of that money will go to the distributors— meaning Apple and Google.
Epic Games made headlines recently when it revealed "Fortnite" for Android would be swerving distribution via the Google Play Store, avoiding the 30% cut from Google and maintaining control over its premiere title.


For All Cat Lovers – Have We Had Help?
Hobson scampered down the hallway to the kitchen from where he slept on the end of Geoff's bed. As usual his human had placed a delicious repast fit for a king in his bowl. Today it was a mix of fresh oily Sardines, and Hobson's absolute favourite – liver.
Hobson flicked the end of his tail in answer as his human went out into the world for his morning exercise. What Geoff didn't seem to appreciate was that it is a cat's duty to fight for position within the neighbourhood, a fact that despite all of his highly explanatory mewing to Geoff, Hobson had failed to make plain. If only they both spoke the same language. Humans can be so thick at times. After all if he can understand human, why can't Geoff understand a language as simple as cat?
Hobson licked the final trace of his breakfast from the farthest recesses of his bowl and began to meticulously wash his face and whiskers. It was time to face the neighbourhood bully, and this time Hobson had no choice but to win.
When Scratch had found out the name Geoff had chosen for his feline pal, thanks to Miffy, the flea-bitten female cat next door hearing Geoff call him in on their first night in the street, he had made it his mission to declare the feline equivalent of war.
To Scratch's way of thinking Hobson was not a name fit for a cat. Claw or Fang, or even Puss was tolerable at a pinch, but Hobson – really?
In the dim past there had been a pure white male cat named Snowflake who Scratch had mercilessly beaten up on a daily basis to the point where he had finally run away, much to the consternation of his humans, never to be seen again.
Hobson carefully pushed the cat flap open and sniffed the air. The only odours his highly sensitive nose detected was that of the mail man, the dog across the street and the unmistakeable sour stench of his nemesis.
Scratch had become numero uno soon after arriving in the street three months ago, taking on all comers. He meticulously despatched some with his vicious claws by ripping open their throats, and severely wounded and terrified others.
To make it clear who was king of the neighbourhood, he left his highly pungent calling card on every surface declaring to all and sundry that this is his territory. No one knew where he came from, or where he lived, let alone dared to challenge him, until the day Hobson arrived that is.
Today would become the feline equivalent of High Noon. It was time to face Scratch down once and for all! Every fibre of his being was tensed as he made his way up the street, garden by garden, constantly expecting to be ambushed. He surveyed the area where he knew Scratch held court in the narrow alleyway bounded by the fences of number five and number eleven. Sure enough Scratch's scouts lay in wait on top of the fences.
Hobson calmly strode to the entrance and issued his noisy challenge. He didn't have to wait long. All heads turned as Scratch confidently trotted forward down the alley to where Hobson stood sideways, tail rigid, legs tensed ready to spring into action, fangs and claws bared as his low guttural growls grew in intensity.
Both cats followed the unwritten code of preliminary threats before combat began by growling, spitting, hissing, flicking tails, raising hackles, lashing the space between them with one clawed paw, neither closing for the kill. For a few moments they continued to warily circle each other, their low angry growls rapidly transforming into loud constant wailing.
Then Scratch launched his attack. Fur flew; blood flowed, neither cat capitulated. Honour and position was at stake. Hobson felt Scratch's sharp claws pierce the skin of his sensitive nose, but the adrenalin coursing through his veins masked the pain. In turn Hobson seized Scratch by the scruff of his neck, biting deep. As both cats rolled around on the ground in deadly mortal combat, biting, clawing, scratching, neither of them heard the warning cries of their fellow felines until it was too late.
Suddenly Hobson found himself on his own covered from head to foot in dust and dried blood. The battle was over.
If cats could laugh, every one of them assembled there that fateful day when Hobson became the undisputed boss would have laughed till they cried. Scratch's human given name was Gerald? Unbelievable!
They all saw the look of total fear on his face as he peered out from behind the bars of the catbox, located on the rear window ledge of the car, as his human drove towards the centre of town to deliver Gerald to his appointment with the unkindest cut of all.
This entry was posted in Fiction, Short Story and tagged Hobson and Scratch. Bookmark the permalink.
At least it wasn't Nigel!
Or Farquhar, Imagine calling a cat in by that name?
My stepdaughter called one of our cats Dermot, just so that she could hear us calling him in: 'Der!' Same danger with Farquhar!
Hobson is purfectly correct (sorry). If cats can understand human, why can't we understand 'Cat'?
What, you mean you can't?
Hmmm. Our cats certainly make their meanings extremely obvious, although I fear I do misunderstand occasionally.
Sshh! The cats are listening!
A brilliant story from Jack Eason.. Not just for cat lovers… a lesson to be learnt by us all….careful when naming your pets.
I wonder what his birth name was!! thanks Jack.
Great entertaining story – loveable & lively – beautifully written.
Guess it was Hobson's choice whether he fought or not! … BOOM! BOOM!
I guess you only get that one if you remember the Charles Laughton film… damn my obscure jokes!
I christened my white male, Persian, short-story cat, Winston Jeremiah Puffington, Mr. Puffy, the abbreviated version. Great pet story.
I' once took care of a feral cat we named Maximilian – he was a battle-scarred and ugly male with a sweet temperament, once I'd gotten him to trust me. Just never had a human care for him.
Love this story! Hobson is Top Cat!
My husband called ours Lunch because she was always taunting the mastiff that lived next door.
Glad his name wasn't something whiny like Sydney. He'd be the laughingstock not just in his neighborhood but the whole town.
Haha!! Great story! Our 8 month old is a biter. And she calls us names, curses eloquently, talks with exclamation points and slaps everyone foolish enough to get too close to her cat castle. She choose the name Izzie but I think we may have misunderstood. It turns out she's not an Isabelle, she's an Elizabeth Taylor with a migraine. And a pearl and rhinestone collar. I'm afraid once she's old enough to go outside she will be Scratch. I'm drafting apology letters and sticking them on bottles of booze to hand out when the time comes.
I loved the story, as I love so many of yours. Our Captain Midnight continued to fight any male who dared foray into our yard, even years after he was neutered. It was a matter of principle and a matter of pride. Long after his back legs (degenerative hip condition) wouldn't lift him up off the front doormat, he would hiss at cats in his yard, knowing we were just inside the screen to chase off anyone who took him up on his offer to fight. We still miss him all these years later.
You were right Jack! I really appreciated this story. Gerald the cat would you believe….
Very nice story.. 🙂 two paws up!
Ha, ha! Even cats feel the need to have an impressive name. Fun story!
Wonderful story Jack. Brilliantly crafted twist. Have a good 2018.


Walk into nearly any restaurant, bar, or grocery store and it's easy to see that alcohol is a part of daily life. The sheer variety and amount of alcohol — Americans alone drank the equivalent of 4.24 billion bottles of wine in 2016 — is staggering. Staggering, but not new. Humans have been making and drinking alcohol for about as long as humans have had written language.
In 2015, a team of archaeologists from the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology were digging at Mijiaya, an ancient archaeological site near Xi'an, China. They uncovered subterranean pits that dated back 5,000 years. Some of the pits had open-mouthed pots, funnels, and small-mouthed jars. For Li Liu, a Stanford professor of Chinese archaeology, this could only mean one thing. The excavation had unwittingly uncovered the oldest microbrewery known to man.
The finding is the earliest evidence we have of purposeful alcohol production. But the likely history of humans and alcohol goes back even further.
In 2000, Robert Dudley, a professor of integrative biology at the University of California, Berkeley, wrote an article called "Evolutionary Origins of Human Alcoholism in Primate Frugivory." In the piece, he made the argument that apes and early humans evolved to seek out ethyl alcohol because the smell meant that fruit was near. It came to be known as the "Drunken Monkey Hypothesis." This was, obviously, long before the methods of alcohol production were discovered. But it's likely the first signs of how humans got into alcohol.
Mammalian biology supports this hypothesis. Researchers at Santa Fe College in Florida examined 70 million years of primate evolution to try and pin down exactly when drinking alcohol became human nature. They discovered that around 10 million years ago, primates developed digestive enzymes called the ADH4 family. The enzymes are found in the stomach, throat, and tongue of primates, and they are the enzymes necessary to metabolize alcohol. Starting 10 million years ago, slightly spoiled fruit that had fallen and fermented could be eaten.
As humans evolved and moved from hunter-gatherers to an agrarian society, they moved from stumbling upon alcohol to purposefully producing alcohol — namely beer.
Beer, like bread, was first developed in stable agrarian societies. The Babylonians had 20 beer recipes, Egyptians were buried with their beer, and a 3,800-year-old Ode to Beer sings praises to the Sumerian goddess of beer. Beer was so important to early agricultural societies, in fact, that some believe it was the catalyst for turning to agriculture all together.
This theory is known as the "Beer Before Bread" hypothesis. In 1952, Robert Braidwood, a Middle East scholar from the University of Chicago, published a paper in Scientific American in which he concluded that humans settled in the Fertile Crescent to grow domesticated grains. A year later, the American Anthropological Association held a symposium titled "Did Man Once Live By Beer Alone?" in which a Wisconsin botany professor claimed that those early tools and grains were more in line with beer production than bread production. In other words, agriculture, and civilization by extension, are the result of early man's desire to drink beer.
Liu and her team of researchers came to a similar conclusion about the 5,000-year-old beer in China.
"Our findings imply that early beer making may have motivated the initial translocation of barley from the Western Eurasia into the Central Plain of China before the crop became a part of agricultural subsistence in the region 3,000 years later," the study states.
What did early beer taste like?
We don't have to be content with simply knowing when people first brewed beer. Thanks to Liu and her students at Stanford, we know how the first beers tasted as well.
Liu was able to deduce the recipe for the 5,000-year-old beer she discovered using the traces of beer on the jars. The beer used millet, barley, yam, lily root, and a grass known as Job's Tears. Her students gathered these ingredients, malted the grain, mashed everything together, and sealed it with plastic. One week later they had, by everyone's best guess, the closest thing to a 5,000-year-old beer that we will ever know.
The taste, once students put their straws through the "white mold-like layers" on top of the beer, was sweet and fruity. It looked like yellow porridge, with unfiltered grain on the bottom. Judging by the students' faces while they tried it, it tasted about as good as it looked.
Regardless of the taste, the Stanford students brought the history of humans and beer full circle back into the present day; from 5,000 year old brew to hazy New England-style IPA.


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« Tomlinson Feels No Love About Former Teammates in SD
Tony Dungy Wouldn't Hire Rex Ryan »
Dungy Not Happy with the Language Ryan Used on "Hard Knocks"
August 16th, 2010 Matt Loede Posted in News
Former Bucs and Colts coach Tony Dungy is not all that happy about the language that Rex Ryan used in the Jets version of "Hard Knocks."
NBC NFL analyst Tony Dungy joined the Dan Patrick show to talk about the preseason. Dungy said he had a problem with Rex Ryan's profanity in Hard Knocks. Dan asked if he would hire someone who cursed that much. "It's hard for me to be around that," Dungy said. "If I were in charge, I wouldn't hire somebody like that. Dan asked Dungy if commissioner Roger Goodell should call Ryan and ask him to tone it down. "I would hope that he does," Dungy said.
Tags: rex ryan, Tony Dungy


Pearls are always a great way to add a classic or fancy touch to your cakes. You can buy fondant/edible pearls from the store, but making your own is super fast and you don't have to worry about running out of pearls while you are decorating a cake. I use silver pedal dust to add the shine!
Here is a tutorial on how to make your own fondant!
Here are some cakes that I found from pinterest that are great examples of pearl cakes.
Although it will be more time consuming, you will be able to customize your sizes and colors if you make the pearls yourself.
I have been watching your videos and loving them. I made an owl cake this weekend. I used the paper towel method, but had trouble deciding which was the "smooth" side because they looked and felt exactly the same. I am making a boat cake tomorrow for a baby shower using your methods.
I'm so glad! The smooth side is the side when you are pulling the paper towel apart, it is the side on top... if that makes sense :) That is so great! I would love to see pictures of your finished cake!
how you make the fondant and what the silver thing called? Thanks, amazing job on making those stuff!!
Congratulations on your blog! I especially like your video tutorials.
If we can ever help in any way, please don't hesitate to contact us!
Good luck, and Happy Decorating!
I'm needing to make lavender and charcoal fondant pearls. Would you recommend colouring my fondant to the desired colours and using a white lustre dust on both colours or using a lavender lustre dust on the lavender fondant and a silver lustre dust on the charcoal fondant?


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text:
MoviePass Hikes Subscription Fees, Limits Access to Films
Brent Lang
Executive Editor of Film and Media @https://twitter.com/BrentALang	FOLLOW
Brent's Most Recent Stories
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CREDIT: Courtesy of Moviepass
MoviePass, the beleaguered subscription service that once had ambitions to revolutionize moviegoing, is instead making a Hail Mary pass as it struggles to survive.
The company is strapped for cash and has introduced a series of measures that it hopes will keep itself solvent. They include jacking up the prices from $9.99 to $14.95 per month over the next 30 days, as well as limiting access to nearly all Hollywood blockbusters within their first two weeks of release. The company's parent company, Helios and Matheson, said these steps will reduce its cash burn rate by 60%.
But the company still faces major questions about its sustainability. On Friday, MoviePass borrowed $6.2 million, including $5 million in cash, in order to stay afloat and meet its financial obligations. Beginning on Wednesday, its creditor can ask MoviePass to pay up to $3.1 million of the money it borrowed.
Since slashing its prices last August from as much as $50 to just under $10, MoviePass has enjoyed a surge of interest. Its subscriber rolls at the time were roughly 20,000, but by December that number had increased to nearly one million. Currently, the company says it has 3 million customers.
MoviePass' business model has raised eyebrows. The company subsidizes movie-going, paying full price for many of the tickets its customers purchase using a MasterCard-enabled device. That means it is operating at a substantial loss. MoviePass has maintained that it can make money by exploiting the data it collects on users and can sell advertising. It has also signed deals with some exhibitors, which has enabled them to get better deals on tickets in return for promoting their screenings.
As MoviePass has struggled to keep the lights on, customers have complained about outages that have prevented them from buying tickets to popular films such as "Mission: Impossible – Fallout."
Helios and Matheson's stock fell 1.41% to 79 cents. shortly after the pricing changes were announced. In October, shares of the company reached a high of $32.90.
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Moviepass


Fred Hobday of Calgary, AB, passed away on Sunday, January 27, 2019 at the age of 69 years.
Fred was proud to be born and raised in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. He moved to Calgary after finishing university to pursue his forty-five year career as a Chartered Accountant. He loved playing hockey, and enjoyed wine making, golf, and crossword puzzles. He cherished spending time with his family at home, and always looked forward to family gatherings at Buffalo Pound Lake and the annual hunting trip with his brothers.
Fred enjoyed serving his community and gave his time to several organizations. He was a long-time member of Stampede City Kinsmen, was a board member of the Calgary Old-Time Hockey Players Association, and along with his brother Ken, was dedicated to running the Rangeland Hockey League for nearly four decades. He spent much of his spare time pursuing his love of hockey, playing as often as possible and organizing ice times for Summer Hockey and Sunday Hockey.
Fred is survived by his loving wife and best buddy of thirty nine years, Cathy Hobday; his two daughters, Elizabeth and Katie of Calgary, AB; and his siblings, Ed (Colleen) of Saskatoon, SK, Ken (Louise) of Calgary, AB, Cecil (Inger) of Nanaimo, BC, Muriel (Clive) of Moose Jaw, SK, Joyce (Ivan) of Meacham, SK, and Jean of Moose Jaw, SK, as well as many extended family members and close friends.
Funeral Services will be held at McINNIS & HOLLOWAY (Park Memorial, 5008 Elbow Drive S.W., Calgary, AB) on Saturday, February 9, 2019 at 2:30 p.m. Reception to follow in the Hospitality Centre at the Funeral Home. Condolences may be forwarded through www.mcinnisandholloway.com. Thank you to the staff of Sarcee Hospice for the wonderful care, compassion, and support they provided to Fred and his family. Memorial donations in Fred's honour can be made to the charity of your choice, along with a stop at your favourite watering hole for a toast to the loving memory of Fred.
In living memory of Fred Hobday, a tree will be planted at Fish Creek Provincial Park by McINNIS & HOLLOWAY FUNERAL HOMES, Park Memorial, 5008 Elbow Drive S.W., Calgary, AB, T2S 2L5, Telephone: 403-243-8200.
Rest in peace Fred, you were a great Friend, Husband, Father, Kinsman and accountant, I'll miss you.
Our hearts are breaking for you with the loss of Freddy. We will always have fond memories of the years we spent together as part of the Rangland crew. We always felt so welcome by all the Hobdays and will carry these memories forward. Fred was a very nice man.
Our sincere sympathy to you and the Family. Fred will be missed by all. He truly loved life.
Our prayers and thoughts are with you at this sad time of Fred's passing. He gallantly braved his illness but now he is at peace.
My sincerest condolences on the passing of Fred. He was a ton of fun in the dressing room and on the ice. He will be missed greatly.
Words can't express the love and sympathy I hold for you all at this difficult time. Liz told me so much about the love and support you constantly provided one another and I can truly say I've never known a family more close and dedicated as yours. All my heartfelt love and condolences to each of you during this difficult time.
You are in our thoughts and prayers. May you be comforted by your many prrecious memories of Freddy. He will always be in your hearts.
We are saddened by Fred's passing. I personally have very fond memories of Fred, he was alway upbeat, even through these past 2 years. I will always remember him with his wine in a teapot when we went to dinner with you both in Chinatown. He was a very special person who will be missed by many people.
We were so sorry to hear of Fred's passing and hope that all of the wonderful family memories you have and the times that you shared will be treasured forever.
I was SO sorry to read this news. I know through our many conversations in the past that the two of you were truly partners in every way and shared your love for each other and for your daughters and that you valued family, friends and community. My heart is full of compassion and sympathy for you and your loved ones.
I just wanted to let you know I am thinking about you today Cathy. My most sincere sympathies go out to you and your family. I know your husband will truly be missed.
My condolences to the family. I was lucky enough to play a few years of Sundays at Shouldice with a great group of guys, and at the heart of it all was Fred. He was always in good cheer and as nice a guy as you'd want to meet. Rest in Peace Fred.
Our sincere condolences to the Hobday Family. Freddy will missed enormously by everyone who knew him. A greater person you will not find. Our pleasure to have know him.
Cathy & Girls (now young ladies since we last saw you in the Kin Kids days – seems like yesterday), so many emotions but obviously my and Arlene's thoughts and prayers are with you at this time. So many memories of Freddy during the Kin years, his big smile and his from the belly laugh, just the sheer enjoyment of having been able to be with him in the company of the Kin Krazies in the heyday of the late 70's & 80's. While we didn't see Freddy much in recent years, the memories live on; I know they will for you as well. He was such a great guy in so many ways, we will all miss him dearly.
My condolences to the family on your loss and to the extended hockey community on the loss of leadership.
Cathy, we were very saddened for you loss. Much too young and full of so much love of living and all the different ambitions he managed to enjoy! We hope you and your family will heal as quickly as possible.
We are so sorry for your loss. Fred was very fortunate to have such a wonderful wife and daughters to support him in his life. It was great to be able to meet him and your family on your family marathon outings. You have a special family.
We are thinking of you all with our deepest sympathy.
We are very saddened by your loss of Fred, your wonderful husband and dad. We hope that the love that you share as a family and reflections of your special times together will support you on your journey forward.
It's always sad to see a great human being pass away at a young age. Fred was one of those. However, he lived a great life and will be sincerely missed.
Sorry to hear of Fred's passing. I remember him while growing up in Moose Jaw. My condolences to the family. May he RIP.
HUGS galore, cups of tea and glasses of bubbly if we could only be nearer right now!
PS Delighted to hear of the tree being planted in Fish Creek Park. We spent many hours there in Jan of 2015.
How special it was to have Freddie attend the K40 Christmas party this past Dec. It was great to see both of you there. His strength was amazing. He will be missed by many including his Kin Friends and fellows. Our deepest condolences to you Kathy and the family.
Our thoughts are with Cathy and the girls and with our dear friends Ken and Louise.
We will always remember Freddie's good humor and belly laugh. He was always up for a good time.
Our deepest condolences to the whole of the Hobday family.
I was saddened to learn of Fred's passing. Fred was an honest, down-to-earth person. I am honoured to have known him and he leaves me with many great memories. My deepest sympathy to Cathy, Elizabeth, and Katie, to his siblings, and all his extended family.
Fred was a wonderful colleague, who was always cheerful and willing to do whatever needed done. He was a tremendous assistance to me. I was very sorry to learn of his passing. I know how much you and the girls loved him and wish you all the fondest of memories.
I heard of your loss from Marilynn's posting. My condolences and understanding for a long hard road. Fred and yourself have been very generous with our SAIT's Alive group. I hope to see you soon.


If the owner is unapproachable or does not agree that a problem exists, you can contact Community Justice on 1800 650987, or email them on cjc_southern@agd.nsw.gov.au. This service is free, confidential and voluntary.
How does Council deal with Barking Dog Complaints?
Once the sheet is returned to Council and shows the dogs barking is still at an unacceptable level, a Nuisance Order may be placed on the dog which stays in place for six months.


We are very excited to announce that this Spring Outdoor People are teaming up with Sam Lee's Nest Collective and Green Farm Kent at this year's Singing With Nightingales to offer up to 10 of the visitors a camping treat.
UPDATED 29/4 - after doing 3 events, the universal feedback is "WONDERFUL" - the warm welcome, the nighttime cocoa, the crisp linen, the cosy duvets, the morning woodland walk... And the campfire breakfast!
This night is a spellbinding night of fireside folk music celebrating the lyrical magic of the nightingale... a unique chance to enjoy birdsong and folklore deep in one of England's most beautiful woodland spots.
There is a magical line up of talent every weekend from 28th April until 26th May, including Japanese flautists, traditional folk singers and blues guitarists... something for every taste and every evening a joy.
A chance to listen to the dawn chorus, plus a delicious breakfast cooked over a roaring fire.
The campsite is in a nearby field next to lambs, has a hot shower and toilet nearby and is just a two-minute walk from the woodland concert site. There's a kitchen hut and shelters if it's raining.
Singing with Nightingales runs from 20 April to 27 May, event details and line-ups will be confirmed soon, but if you don't want to miss out, reserve your place from the website now. Please ensure you have confirmed your attendance before booking accommodation with Outdoor People.
All money raised from the Camping With Nightingales is reinvested into our Family Camping Project and will help us share the wonders of the wild with Inner City Families this summer. Find out more about Outdoor Family Camping here.
*You will want to bring a sleeping bag too, or you can rent one for an extra £25 that will cover the cleaning costs.


Bloggers all around the world who enjoy writing on their sites also enjoy making money off of their blogs. Sure, we all know that Google Adsense is great, but how else can we turn our traffic into revenue? With these services I'm going to talk about, you can increase your blog's earning potential easily! Just remember: choose the programs that are right for your blog, and make sure that making money does not overtake your primary objective of giving readers quality content, or you will be though of as a spammer.
SocialSpark is a program that I use on my geek culture blog, and it brings in some pretty substantial revenue. This program is great for blogs who focus on products, since it is essentially a way to get set up with advertisers looking for a sponsored post. Once you sign up and your site is approved by the SocialSpark team, which only requires that you have 2,000 page views per month, you can start getting Leads.
These Leads show which advertisers are interested in having you write a sponsored post – accepting a Lead does not automatically mean that you will get to write the post and get paid, but showing interest in a lead can give you an Opportunity. Opportunities come along a bit less often than Leads, and they are guaranteed – if you accept the Opp, then you get to write the post and get paid via PayPal. I've had advertisers pay me up to $100 for a single post, so this is a pretty lucrative program. You can set your own preferred rate in the settings, but, ultimately, advertisers will pay you what they want to pay you, or they will find someone else to write the post for them.
Skimlinks is a service that has been getting great reviews, but I have not had a chance to personally try it out. What Skimlinks does is it goes through your content and changes existing links already in your posts into affiliate links, so that when people click on them, you get paid. This is awesome, because you know that all of the links you put into your blog are relevant, and the fact that you're getting paid is just a free bonus! Skimlinks also as a SkimWords feature, which is similar to Kontera, which I will discuss below.
Kontera is a network that many blogs use, and it is fairly easy to be approved. (I have tried Kontera before on my blog.) This service will link words in your post to an advertiser's site, and you will get paid when people click on these links. Kontera was making some money for me, but my readers found it to be obtrusive, so I removed it from my site. A good idea would be to consider your blog, and then decide how many links to show per page in the settings: you can choose 1, 2, 3, etc.
The eBay Partner Network, behind Google Adsense, is my biggest money-earner. This program is similar to Amazon's, but it pays per click instead of giving a certain percentage of a product sale. eBay's affiliate program is very successful on my site, but I have to warn you: it is very difficult to get accepted into the affiliate service. The only reason I was able to get in is because I have an established eBay seller's account that I used to use to run a small business, so I had a bit of clout among the eBay community.
Amazon Affiliate probably does not need much explanation – I would dare to guess that most of you have heard of this service. I, unfortunately, live in Illinois, so I cannot be in this program. (Thanks, Pat Quinn.) It was my single biggest earner, giving me more money on a monthly basis than even Google Adsense. If you have a product blog, Amazon's Affiliate Program is a MUST.
Although, Adsense is right now my primary revenue source, but I also make use of other alternatives such as BuySellAds, SocialSpark, Infolinks, SkimLinks and a few more programs. BTW, thanks for sharing this post Jack!
No problem – sounds like you already have diversified revenue sources!
Hey Amit – no problem!
can it effect our adsense? are we allowed to use these along with adsense?
Jeevan – all of these programs can be used in conjunction with Adsense, and shouldn't affect your earnings.
Hey jack, nice alternative dude,, i think now i want to try this new alternative on my sites.
I use to try Infolinks on my blog but it didn't work really well. Its revenue is just about 1/4th of Adsense's revenue and I worried that it could decrease that revenue as well.
Anyways, that's a good network and absolutely I will try it later.
Hi Tuan, thanks for your reply. We're 100% compatible with AdSense, so there is no reason Infolinks should decrease your AdSense earnings. Try us out again and email our support team for optimization tips to help increase your earnings! Good luck!
This is Jonathan from Kontera. While everyone has their personal preferences about what types of advertising they do and don't like; the Internet marketing research firm comScore did a study that found Kontera ads are on the whole viewed as one of the least intrusive ad types. That's both because of the ad relevancy and that the ad layer is user initiated.
I tried both Kontera and Infolinks but it seems like Infolinks is the better one in my case. I used the in-text ads for over a week and could just earn a few bucks, I didn't have a good impression with this network.
For gettoptens I am using adsense what do you think i should go for some other ads ?
I think the best alternative from your list is Kontera, i have had good results with it. Though it does not do that well with Asian traffic but it gives good CPC for US and Europe traffic.


text:
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ManyVids' MV Social Creates A Sex-Positive Social Porn Paradise For Creators
Curtis Silver
I play Magic: The Gathering and amass large quantities of LEGO
Feb 11, 2020, 08:00am EST |
ManyVids is an inclusive, safe place for sex workers to grow their brands.
Porn is an ever changing and evolving business. It has to be. Those who work within the industry face scrutiny, ostracization and attack from the so-called (and often hypocritical) morality police on the daily. As society shifts, as technology adapts and grows, so does porn, in how it's delivered and consumed.
The age of social media has brought a complete and nearly absolute change in the traditional porn business model. The power has been placed squarely in the hands (and other bits) of the performers that populate it's ranks. These folks are not to be looked down upon for their profession, but rather respected for how they have quickly learned to navigate the social landscape for their own career gains, all the while beating back the negativity toward the porn industry that threatens their chosen livelihood.
This isn't the last time you'll read about porn performers given the reigns to control their own destiny while faced with unjustified deplatforming and stigma. Where once performers were limited to a few studios and a measly paycheck for a performance ending up on a tattered VHS tapes behind a curtain at the local video store, they now have a laundry list of websites to sell their wares. Where once porn was dominated by a few stats, it is now open to anyone with a webcam and the fortitude to build their personal brand. This takes time, work and platforms built to encourage success.
ManyVids is one such platform. ManyVids is taking a serious step toward replacing the void left by the removal of porn from Tumblr, enabling porn performers with a safe place to create lasting social relationships with their growing fan bases.
The marginalization of sex workers is showing no signs of slowing down despite the sense of connectivity and community of the internet age.
ManyVids CEO Bella French
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MV Social (NSFW) hopes to be that place. Along with any and all available social channels, has become a solid launching post and safe outlet for porn performers looking to grow their personal brands and connect with consumers and fans.
"The marginalization of sex workers is showing no signs of slowing down despite the sense of connectivity and community of the internet age," ManyVids CEO Bella French tells me via email. "It's very clear that sex workers are not welcome and are denied a voice on many social media platforms. It's an unfair and unfortunate double standard. These same platforms continue to tolerate posts with extremely suggestive images and explicit copy from celebrities or influencers, but do not extend the same courtesy to those involved in the sex work industry."
The sex work industry continues to grow thanks in part to the growth of the gig economy, which Intuit predicts will account for 40% of all workers by the end of 2020. ManyVids has 2.6m active members and is home to over 73 thousand content creators leveraging the platform to generate income as independent entrepreneurs. In order to assist this growing workforce in making a respectable living, ManyVids has been busy.
Since its inception in 2014, ManyVids has launched numerous product channels to assist creators in monetization efforts. MV Live is the live-streaming cam platform, MV Tube is the free porn tube site, MV Crush allows influencers to directly connect with fans. There's even an online publication, a podcast, a fetish site and a YouTube series. This is a live, always-on revenue machine.
ManyVids even produced a documentary called #WeAreMany that highlights the efforts of French and her team as they work to shift the overall tone of the adult industry to be a safe haven for sexual expression and inclusivity.
That free expression is what launched MV Social. If Facebook and Tumblr had a baby, then that baby grew up and during its freshman year at college decided to start camming but also was a bunch of lines of code it would be MV Social. It has the look and feel of Facebook in an overall posting and connectivity sense (but without the creepiness of the platform) and some of the sharing tools of Tumblr.
ManyVids is like a hybrid of Twitter, YouTube and Etsy. It's a one-stop shop, and having a built in social feature available — when it feels like every social media stream is deplatforming you — is wonderful.
Destiny Diaz
Content creators can post content (text, pics or videos). Site members (consumers and fans) can respond to these posts only with text and cannot upload anything in any capacity. This does limit full engagement, but does better to keep out illicit content and harassment. Members are also able to Re-MV (reblog) posts. This creates situations in which creators' content is being shared with new groups of potential fans. It also directly affects the type of content creators are generating.
"I love asking questions on MV Social about what type of content fans want to see from me, so I'm not wasting my time creating content people don't want to see. It strengthens my relationship with fans because I'm also able to express different sides of myself," says Destiny Diaz. "I love posting memes related to sex work, the adult industry and NSFW jokes that I know the audience on MV would enjoy. ManyVids is like a hybrid of Twitter, YouTube and Etsy. It's a one-stop shop, and having a built in social feature available — when it feels like every social media stream is deplatforming you — is wonderful because I feel less worried about my income taking a hit."
It's that rampant deplatforming that is causing a rift between the thousands upon thousands of sex workers (and their fans) and social sites like Instagram. It's also pushed platforms like ManyVids to work harder to give sex workers a place where they can jump-start or maintain their businesses. While it might not be a mainstream social media channel, it's giving creators a safe, secure and technologically compatible place to build their businesses.
"Many mainstream platforms are very unfriendly towards those of us in the adult industry. That's one reason why I like MV Social — it's built for us," Allie Awesome reiterates. "As a sex worker friendly site where I'm able to express myself without fear of having my account shut down, MV Social is particularly attractive as a social home base."
In reviewing the quotes from sex workers for this piece, the overall sense of uncertainty and mistrust of mainstream social media platforms was clear. MV Social isn't going to solve all those problems alone. Twitter, Instagram, Tumblr and Snapchat — all can attribute growth to the same adult industry they now shun — are going to have to eventually find a way to work with the adult industry and sex workers, instead of actively working against them.
These companies are supposed to be progressive, forward-thinking entities, not ruled by archaic sensibilities tied to early 20th century modesty and pearl-clutching. Instead of boxing out the massive adult industry, social sites should find a way to better integrate this growing workforce. They bring with them millions of followers, millions of engagements and interactions. It's a detriment to any technology to ignore the adult industry and porn. Just ask Betamax and HD Dvd.
"Sex workers are seen as the enemy to many tech companies and platforms right now, especially with the passing of SESTA/FOSTA. If we're not advertiser-friendly (ie: can't make them money), then we're worthless to social platforms as users and content creators," points out Gwen Adora. "In a society where we live in a consistent tug-o-war between progressive and prudish, most tech corporations aren't willing to risk their money on such a stigmatized group.
"Despite sex workers being the driving force behind a lot of social platforms we are often the first group to be censored and deleted from the very networks we helped popularize. Porn companies beginning to incorporate social feeds, like ManyVids' MV Social, allow me and other performers to express ourselves and connect with our fans in an unrestricted way.
Porn performers aren't just having sex on camera — we're multi-faceted people who deserve a space on popular social sites, for ourselves as personas, and for our businesses.
Gwen Adora
"As much as I wish I could give up on social media that don't want sex workers on their platforms (looking at you, Instagram), it's important for sex workers to have a presence on safe for work networking services," continues Adora, "Porn performers aren't just having sex on camera — we're multi-faceted people who deserve a space on popular social sites, for ourselves as personas, and for our businesses. Reaching new people outside of the adult bubble is important to marketing ourselves — imagine if you weren't allowed access to platforms where the majority of the modern world is congregating? Segregating us because of our careers is wrongful, and perpetuates stigmas we're trying to eradicate."
It can be exhausting to manage multiple social platforms, but as it would be for any brand, necessary. Delilah Cass was recently suspended on Twitter, without warning, losing her audience of over 30k followers. None of the rules violations cited applied to her account and behavior on the platform. If you search for any kind of adult content on Twitter (go ahead and try the hashtag #friskyfriday for instance), you are going to readily find porn. Same on any other platform. Sex workers are punished while no-name accounts post porn without incident.
Many sex workers tell me the same thing — the rules of what's acceptable on mainstream social media sites is a moving target, but they find creative ways to promote their brands while still staying positive about their chosen profession. They also lauded the opportunity that MV Social creates, allowing them to be completely free with themselves and their content. MV Social ultimately gives content creators not only a platform, but a sliver of hope for the future of sex workers and their relationship with social media.
There will come a time when Twitter and Instagram especially will drop the double standard and loosen the perhaps unintentional but certainly focused attack on sex workers. There's a middle ground somewhere, either with the technology itself or with moderation that will allow sex workers to freely grow their brands without the constant fear of being shut down.
This is part of our society, it's part of the gig economy and sex workers are doing their best to work within the current set of social media's murky rules. If there is nothing else we can count on, it's the versatility of the porn industry when it comes to adapting to and directing the future of technology. MV Social is a good example of that.
"MV Social is a safe space where anyone 18+ can express themselves freely without fear of judgment or censorship," concludes French. "Everyone deserves to have a voice online and an opportunity to express themselves without discrimination. We've purposely-built a platform for content creators to engage with their audience, elevate their brand and thrive financially without fear or shame."
Follow me on Twitter. Check out my website.


text:
Towns of Mexico > Nuevo León > García > La Purísima
La Purísima (García, Nuevo León)
The most complete information about the tiny town of La Purísima (photos, maps, statistics, population) on a single page.
Did you know that this town in Nuevo León has 1 inhabitants?
The town of La Purísima is located in the Municipality of García (in the State of Nuevo León). There are 1 inhabitants. In the list of the most populated towns of the whole municipality, it is the number #72 of the ranking. La Purísima is at 920 meters of altitude.
Map. How to get to La Purísima?
Other towns in the Municipality of García
Do you want to locate the town of La Purísima? You can find it at 10.2 kilometers, in direction Southesast, from the town of García, which has the largest population within the municipality. To enjoy the La Purísima location through satellite images, at the bottom of our webpage you have an interactive map.
Where is La Purísima? How to get there? Map
Location map of La Purísima in Nuevo León: Use the controls in the upper left area to zoom in (+) or out (-). This is a satellite photo centered in La Purísima, which is marked with the following symbol
Enjoy spending hours looking at satellite images to find your home or remembering places in a village? We have obtained an updated satellite photo of La Purísima and at this link you will navigate through its streets.
The population of La Purísima (Nuevo León) is 1 inhabitants
Population data in La Purísima (García, Nuevo León)
Evolution of the population in La Purísima: Total Men Women
Satellite photo of La Purísima
With the satellite map of La Purísima will I be able to look for my location? Yes, access the map, zoom in and see the surroundings of this town and the municipality of García. Get free live access to satellite views of 2023 of La Purísima.
Vote for La Purísima. Opinions.
Do you like La Purísima? Or don't you like it much? Now you can vote for La Purísima so that everyone knows it. Use these stars ("0" you like little, "5" you like a lot) to rate with your opinion.
>>> Map with all the towns within the municipality of García
>>> Click here to see more towns in the State of Nuevo León (statistics, photos, maps, restaurants, hotels,...) <<<
Armando Fernández Garza (- inhabitants)
Cristalosa (68 inhabitants)
Distribución de Acero Lote 41 (- inhabitants)
Javier Benítez (- inhabitants)
Julián Flores Medina (- inhabitants)
La Platera (2 inhabitants)
La Ruina (Maravillas) (6 inhabitants)
La Soledad (43 inhabitants)
Los Rodríguez (- inhabitants)
Paraje San Francisco (- inhabitants)
Quince de Marzo (- inhabitants)
Rosa Blanca (- inhabitants)
Sesteo de las Aves (- inhabitants)
Valle Escondido (4 inhabitants)
Virginia Robles (Santa Clara) (22 inhabitants)


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text:
A wideband all-optical WDM network
I. P. Kaminow, C. R. Doerr, C. Dragone, Thomas L Koch, U. Koren, A. A M Saleh, A. J. Kirby, C. M. Özveren, B. Schofield, R. E. Thomas, R. A. Barry, D. M. Castagnozzi, V. W S Chan, B. R. Hemenway, D. Marquis, S. A. Parikh, M. L. Stevens, E. A. Swanson, S. G. Finn, R. G. Gallager
We describe some of the results of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) sponsored Consortium on Wide-band All-Optical Networks in developing architectures, technology components, and applications for the realization of scaleable, wideband, and transparent optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks. Our architecture addresses all-optical transport over the wide, metropolitan, and local areas. It utilizes wavelength partitioning, routing, and active multiwavelength cross-connect switches to achieve a network that is scaleable in the number of users, data rates, and geographic span. The network supports two services which can be point-to-multipoint, or multipoint-to-multipoint simplex or duplex connections. A-service is a transparent physically circuit-switched service and B-service is a scheduled time-slotted circuit which is transparent within its time slots. We have developed a 20-channel local and metropolitan area WDM testbed deployed in the Boston area, now undergoing characterization and experimental applications.
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Wavelength division multiplexing
Fiber optic networks
Testbeds
Kaminow, I. P., Doerr, C. R., Dragone, C., Koch, T. L., Koren, U., Saleh, A. A. M., ... Gallager, R. G. (1996). A wideband all-optical WDM network. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 14(5), 780-797. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.510903
A wideband all-optical WDM network. / Kaminow, I. P.; Doerr, C. R.; Dragone, C.; Koch, Thomas L; Koren, U.; Saleh, A. A M; Kirby, A. J.; Özveren, C. M.; Schofield, B.; Thomas, R. E.; Barry, R. A.; Castagnozzi, D. M.; Chan, V. W S; Hemenway, B. R.; Marquis, D.; Parikh, S. A.; Stevens, M. L.; Swanson, E. A.; Finn, S. G.; Gallager, R. G.
In: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 14, No. 5, 06.1996, p. 780-797.
Kaminow, IP, Doerr, CR, Dragone, C, Koch, TL, Koren, U, Saleh, AAM, Kirby, AJ, Özveren, CM, Schofield, B, Thomas, RE, Barry, RA, Castagnozzi, DM, Chan, VWS, Hemenway, BR, Marquis, D, Parikh, SA, Stevens, ML, Swanson, EA, Finn, SG & Gallager, RG 1996, 'A wideband all-optical WDM network', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 780-797. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.510903
Kaminow IP, Doerr CR, Dragone C, Koch TL, Koren U, Saleh AAM et al. A wideband all-optical WDM network. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. 1996 Jun;14(5):780-797. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.510903
Kaminow, I. P. ; Doerr, C. R. ; Dragone, C. ; Koch, Thomas L ; Koren, U. ; Saleh, A. A M ; Kirby, A. J. ; Özveren, C. M. ; Schofield, B. ; Thomas, R. E. ; Barry, R. A. ; Castagnozzi, D. M. ; Chan, V. W S ; Hemenway, B. R. ; Marquis, D. ; Parikh, S. A. ; Stevens, M. L. ; Swanson, E. A. ; Finn, S. G. ; Gallager, R. G. / A wideband all-optical WDM network. In: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. 1996 ; Vol. 14, No. 5. pp. 780-797.
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title = "A wideband all-optical WDM network",
abstract = "We describe some of the results of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) sponsored Consortium on Wide-band All-Optical Networks in developing architectures, technology components, and applications for the realization of scaleable, wideband, and transparent optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks. Our architecture addresses all-optical transport over the wide, metropolitan, and local areas. It utilizes wavelength partitioning, routing, and active multiwavelength cross-connect switches to achieve a network that is scaleable in the number of users, data rates, and geographic span. The network supports two services which can be point-to-multipoint, or multipoint-to-multipoint simplex or duplex connections. A-service is a transparent physically circuit-switched service and B-service is a scheduled time-slotted circuit which is transparent within its time slots. We have developed a 20-channel local and metropolitan area WDM testbed deployed in the Boston area, now undergoing characterization and experimental applications.",
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AU - Castagnozzi, D. M.
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Introducing Winser's new midi skirt as part of our new satin collection, this soft satin skirt is an easy pull on style, just so wearable and flattering. Also looks good styled with a jumper or T-shirt.
Winser's cotton capri trousers are new and improved with their slight tweaks to the fit they have made this year. The capri was made famous by Audrey Hepburn, often worn with some gorgeous cashmere - just like our Audrey Cashmere jumper.


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