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Home / Highlights / GIS4Schools: Improving STEAM Education in Secondary Schools
GIS4Schools: Improving STEAM Education in Secondary Schools
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) subjects play an important role in consolidating scientific knowledge in the society and in sensitising young generations to the importance of science for economic and social development. The attention towards an increasing enrolment in STEM education to stimulate the curiosity of students and create new opportunities for their future is part of the UNESCO's Agenda 2030 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals- specifically SDG 4- Quality Education. [1]
In recent years, the relevance of STEM subjects has become more prominent, mostly due to the impact these subjects have on the labor-market. Nevertheless, in Secondary Schools, STEM subjects are not always part of the educational curricula. The lack diversity in the offer may decrease pupils' motivation in further pursue a STEM academic paths, which are often perceived as too hard, and the pupils do not feel skilled enough to pursue a career in this sector. [2]
In addition to this, another relevant aspect characterizing STEM subjects are the existence of a gender gap. Even if nowadays an increased number of girls have access to education than ever before, they often still do not have the same opportunities to choose, complete and benefit from a carrier in STEM. Girls and women are under-represented in STEM education and careers. According to the UNESCO report "Cracking the code: Girls' and women's education in STEM", only 35% of STEM students are women. This percentage is quite alarming, considering that the future job market will be oriented towards more STEM careers. [3]
Based on the relatively low appealing of STEM curricula among students, some schools have begun to offer an evolved concept: the STEAM. STEAM-based curricula are not just focused on scientific concepts, but characterised by a learning approach using Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Arts to stimulate students' critical thinking, dialogue exchange and understanding.
Currently both STEM and STEAM education represents a strategic priority for the European Union in the field of education and training.
According to the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) report 2018, more than 1 in 5 pupils in the European Union has insufficient proficiency in reading mathematics or science.[4] STEAM learning modules, especially in secondary schools proved their ability to nurture the curiosity and cognitive resources of students, providing them with the right tools to understand the complexity of the world and face the challenges that the current times are posing, like climate change, among many others. Future generations represent a juncture between the growing understanding of the potential hazardous impact of climate change on society and local communities and the need to address those challenges with concrete actions on a daily basis. STEAM education is thus key to equip students with the necessary tools to act to favor a sustainable transition towards a greener and more resilient environments. Preparing these future generation means also endow them with a new set of skills to train future professionals to access a more and more competitive job market in which technology and science play an increasingly significant role.
The improvement of STEAM education in secondary schools is the core objective of the Erasmus+ funded project "GIS4Schools", which started in September 2020 and ends in June 2023, but poised to unfold its effects for a way longer time.
GIS4Schools relies on the support of a transnational and multi-stakeholders' partnership composed by:
Four secondary schools ITT Marconi (Italy), Escola Secundária José Afonso (Portugal), Colegiul National Ion Neculce Bucuresti (Romania), and IES Marc Ferrer (Spain);
One technical university: the Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI) (Italy)
One training teaching centre: Eagle Intuition (Portugal)
Four European and National Associations active in the field of Education, Space, Resilience and Climate Change: Eurisy (France), Euronike (Italy), Urban 2020 Association (Romania) and Blue Bubble World (Spain).
In total, 24 teachers and 180 pupils will be involved in the project, while 200 teachers and 1000 pupils will be indirect beneficiaries of the project's outputs.
GIS4Schools aims at promoting a new innovative approach to foster the teaching of STEAM subjects in secondary schools. This objective will be achieved by allowing pupils to learn about GIS technology and how to use it to respond to climate change challenges. For the first time, high schools' pupils will have the opportunity to use satellite data at school. The data will be provided by the European Earth Observation Programme Copernicus, and it will be used to help the pupils in the co-creation process of GIS-based products.
The Intellectual Outputs
The methodology that will be adopted by the teachers is the result of a combination of Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE), and Problem-Based Learning Approach (PBL) adapted to the teaching of science subjects.
During the project, three main tools will support the efforts of the teachers and will guide the pupils to the final goal of selecting one specific challenge climate change is posing to their community and provide through GIS powered tools an idea for concrete action to be undertaken to minimise the effects. The case studies will be included in a final report to be developed by each selected students' class.
The training packages have a critical importance for both teachers and pupils: teachers will learn which methodology and pedagogic approach have to be adopted to transfer the new knowledge and to transfer it. While, pupils will acquire new competencies such as data visualization, GIS and Analysis tools, EO and Imagery Analysis, and Geospatial Data Management related to climate change and related hazards using Copernicus data. The training package will be built and designed by the POLIMI based on their extensive experience and expertise in transferring knowledge on the use of GIS-based software. It will include guidelines, exercises and simulations and it will be illustrated during an intensive four days professional training course.
A suite of open source GIS products co-created with pupils' involvement on the topic of climate change. The methodology that will be adopted is a learning-by-doing approach. The process of co-creation of a final GIS-based product will increase the student's knowledge of all the technicalities behind each development phase whilst deepening their understanding of climate change.
E-Learning platform and Open Source Repository. Having the opportunity of collecting, storing and sharing the knowledge of the pupils has a double dimension. On one side, an e-learning platform and open-source repository would facilitate the interactions among the schools participating in the project, especially today where distance learning represents a valid option to protect the pupils from COVID-19 risks. On the other side, the repository and the e-learning platform represent an incredible source of information for those pupils and teachers, not participating in the project but interested in implementing STEAM curricula in their schools in the future.
The main expected impacts of the GIS4Schools project are centred on boosting STEAM's knowledge in Secondary Schools while increasing teachers' and students' familiarity and acquisition of new skills in STEAM disciplines teaching, both in terms of content and of methodologies. Furthermore, the project aims at impacting on:
Pupil's environmental awareness while working on local case studies;
Pupils' civil engagement and responsible citizenship by developing a sample solution to respond to local challenges;
Innovative pedagogical modules on GIS and climate change not yet covered by the traditional educational curricula.
GIS4Schools aims at providing the pupils with all the tools they need to observe and change the world around them.
Eurisy in the GIS4Schools project
Eurisy participates in the GIS4Schools project as leader of communication and dissemination work package. Communications activities are key to engage the students proving them with the motivations to feel the ownership of the projects and the results achieved; to ensure a smooth and transparent knowledge-sharing of the projects' activities and its main deliverables by all the partners, and eventually to raise awareness towards relevant stakeholders and a wider audience of the benefits of such a project for their community.
Besides, given the high innovation potential of the project itself a targeted communication and dissemination towards external entities is necessary to enhance and maximise at European level the benefits of such projects to stimulate a wider uptake of such STEAM curricula.
To achieve those objectives Eurisy is developing a dedicated website to be used as the main channel for the projects' news.
Stay tuned more is yet to come!
Follow us to know more about the future initiatives of GIS4Schools on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Instagram, or sign up to the newsletter!
The recording of the GI4Schools introductory webinar is available here.
[1] Horizon2020 Project, Perform- The Art of Science Learning. January 2017. http://www.perform-research.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/D5.1-Sustainability-Plan-1.pdf
[2] S. Stolton, The future for STEM in Europe, Euractiv, July 6th 2020. https://www.euractiv.com/section/digital/linksdossier/the-future-for-stem-in-europe/
[3] United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, Girls' and women's education in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). https://en.unesco.org/stemed
[4] OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2018. https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm
#Erasmus+
#GIS4Schools
#STEAM
#Copernicus
#EO
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Oblique aerial view of Caistal Bharraich tower house, looking to the W.
Oblique aerial view of Caistal Bharraich tower house, looking to the SE.
Oblique aerial view centred on Caisteal Bharraich, looking NE.
Oblique aerial view centred on Caisteal Bharraich, looking ESE.
Oblique aerial view of Caistal Bharraich tower house, looking to the WNW.
Oblique aerial view centred on Caisteal Bharraich, looking N.
Oblique aerial view centred on Caisteal Bharraich, looking SE.
Caisteal Bharraich, a sub-rectangular tower on a rocky knoll. It measures externally 7.5m along the south wall and 6.7m along the other three sides. The wall is 1.7m thick except in the NW corner where it is reduced to 1.4m and is bonded with shell mortar. There are suggestions that it is a possibly 16th century part-reconstruction of an earlier tower. To the north is a scarp showing traces of walling, which extend NW for 20m from a rock outcrop near the tower to the coastal cliff. Surveyed at 1:2500. 2 photographs from 1960 attached to OS 495 card.
Castle Varrich or Bhurraich: the shattered remains of a small roughly-built tower whose history is unknown although it is said to have belonged to the Bishop of Caithness who stayed here on his way from his castle at Scrabster (ND16NW 3) to his property of Balnakiel (NC36NE 4). It appears to have been a house rather than a tower and is probably of late date. It consisted of two storeys with an attic, and probably a parapet. The walls are 4ft 6ins thick and the ground floor was vaulted but the arch has now fallen in. The ground floor was probably used for cattle and horses since there is no stairway to the first floor which was probably reached by a ladder. It had only one apartment.
No change to preceeding field report.
NC 58106 56777 Shell midden surveyed as part of survey in the Lochan Hakel area carried out by students from University of Aberdeen in July 2006.
NC 58076 56755 A programme of archaeological works consisting of a watching brief during the removal of collapsed masonry, and the excavation of foundation trenches for a viewing platform were undertaken, October 2016 – January 2017. This work was part of a wider programme of conservation and interpretation work designed to stabilise this ruinous structure and improve public access. The watching brief was implemented to identify any significant stonework that might be present in the collapsed masonry. All of the stonework was found to consist of rough blocks of metamorphic and sandstone rubble and was not considered architecturally significant.
collapse. Significant quantities of animal bone were recovered from throughout both deposits. Other finds consisted of part of a rotary quern recovered from just above the bedrock, and a small worked bone object recovered from a lens of ash situated between the upper and lower fills.
Three smaller trenches excavated adjacent and external to the N façade of the tower house identified that the level of the bedrock dropped down sharply from S to N. Bedrock was reached in two of these trenches at a minimum depth of 0.65m, but was not reached within the third trench, where soil probing established that it was at a depth of >0.9m. No finds or features of archaeological significance were recorded in the trenches.


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Lanemeyer
Punk Rock Strike Volume 2
If There's A Will, There's Still Nothing
Half Fiction
Everyone Is a Target
Saturday Supercade
Jungle City Twitch
The Stryder
Testing Superstition
The June Spirit
Living On The Edge
Welcome to Nowhere
The Fairlanes
The Acoustic Split
Pop Secret
A Touch of Wonder
The Huxtables
Lanemeyer was a pop punk band from northern New Jersey. Lanemeyer was formed in 1997. Taking their name from John Cusack's character (Lane Meyer) in the film Better Off Dead…, Lanemeyer were known for their humor and love of comedy. They broke up in 2001 after touring with bands such as The Lawrence Arms, Bigwig, River City High, Whippersnapper, and many more. After the breakup, several members continued to perform with other bands, such as The Forever Endeavor and Day At The Fair (Rushmore Records). Lanemeyer has reunited several times to play single shows, with varying member lineups. View wiki
Lanemeyer was a pop punk band from northern New Jersey. Lanemeyer was formed in 1997. Taking their name from John Cusack's character (Lane Meyer) in the film Better Off Dead…, La… read more
Lanemeyer was a pop punk band from northern New Jersey. Lanemeyer was formed in 1997. Taking their name from John Cusack's character (Lane Meyer) in the film Better Off Dead…, Lanemeyer were known for their humor and love of… read more
The Whyioughtas
Shut Up Donny
The Wunder Years
Day At the Fair
Go Real Slow

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


> I missing the return to center or the like?
keyboard and you'll be back in action.
the objects. Not to worry- just save and reload and you'll be fine.
I missing the return to center or the like?
I would love to hear a good way to recover.
Just Hit the HOME key, it will return to where your objects are.
> Just Hit the HOME key, it will return to where your objects are.


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ILTV Live
Beyond the Headlines
EWN Profiles
COP apologizes for suicide gaffe January 20, 2021
BOB sees $2.37 million rebound in its first quarter January 20, 2021
PLP calls on Central and South Eleuthera MP to resign January 20, 2021
D'Aguilar: English-speaking Caribbean countries seeking special consideration for CDC travel regime January 20, 2021
D'Aguilar: "Anyone's guess" on definitive cruise return January 20, 2021
Education Loan Authority negotiating with collection agency
LocalNovember 16, 2018November 16, 2018 at 5:45 am admin
Minister of Education Jeffrey Lloyd. (FILE PHOTO)
Lloyd says persons will be taken to court
NASSAU, BAHAMAS – With $100 million outstanding in scholarship loans, the Education Loan Authority is presently negotiating with a collection agency to recoup the outstanding funds.
"We are going through the process of negotiating with that agency and we are seeking to come to a contract," said Education Minister Jeff Lloyd, who referred to the outstanding amounts as a "vexing situation" that prevents the Ministry from moving forward with re-establishing the program.
"We have $100 million dollars outstanding. We wanted to start in the 2018 – 2019 school year, to return back to giving opportunities for loans, but it seems as if we are going to have to start again in 2019.
"It's a vexing challenge because you know, without the threat of legal action people just simply refuse to come forward, and we really don't want to take legal action against people but we will obviously have…"
Lloyd said the Authority have made attempts to work out a payment plan with loan defaulters, but this effort has also failed.
"We tried to work with people and they promised through a payment plan that they would pay $100 dollars or $500 a month, and they have been delinquent in that.
"We have worked with them even further, and we wanted to give them an opportunity to make good on their promise, but it appears as if we are simply going to have to take some of them to court and that's regrettable. We will have to do what we have to do because it is the people's money," Lloyd said.
The Education Loan Authority was introduced under the Christie administration in 2001. In a previous interview with Eyewitness News, Lloyd said records indicate that student loan payments had been in default since then.
According to Lloyd, nearly 5,000 student loans were issued between 2001 and 2009, but by 2009, the program had accumulated over $100 million in delinquent payments.
The education loan program was subsequently dissolved under the third Ingraham administration.
Always a headline ahead, Bahamas news, ewnews.com, Eyewitness News, www.ewnews.com
Should The Bahamas independently review any vaccine approved by PAHO for wide distribution?
Yes (72%)
No (24%)
Unsure (4%)
BEYOND THE HEADLINES JANUARY 19 2021 PART 2
EYEWITNESS NEWS JANUARY 19 2020
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Home > HEMATOLOGYONCOLOGY > HEMATOLOGYONCOLOGY_ARTICLES > 86
Hematology Oncology Articles
MiR-129-5p-mediated Beclin-1 suppression inhibits endothelial cell autophagy in atherosclerosis.
Zhaohua Geng
Fei Xu
Yiguan Zhang, Henry Ford Health System
Geng Z, Xu F, and Zhang Y. MiR-129-5p-mediated Beclin-1 suppression inhibits endothelial cell autophagy in atherosclerosis. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8(4):1886-1894.
Am J Transl Res
Endothelial cell injury and subsequent death play an essential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Autophagy of endothelial cells antagonizes the development of atherosclerosis, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. MicroRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) is a well-defined tumor suppressorin some types of cancer, while it is unknown whether miR-129-5p may also play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we addressed this question in the current study. We examined the levels of endothelial cell autophagy in ApoE (-/-) mice suppled with high-fat diet (HFD), a mouse model for atherosclerosis (simplified as HFD mice). We analyzed the levels of Beclin-1 and the levels of miR-129-5p in the purified CD31+ endothelial cells from mouse aorta. Prediction of the binding between miR-129-5p and 3'-UTR of Beclin-1 mRNA was performed by bioinformatics analyses and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-129-5p were further analyzed in an in vitro model using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). We found that HFD mice developed atherosclerosisin 12 weeks, while the control ApoE (-/-) mice that had received normal diet (simplified as CTL mice) did not. Compared to CTL mice, HFD mice had significantly lower levels of endothelial cell autophagy, resulting from decreases in Beclin-1 protein, but not mRNA. The decreases in Beclin-1 in endothelial cells were due to HFD-induced increases inmiR-129-5p, which suppressed the translation of Beclin-1 mRNA via 3'-UTR binding. These in vivo findings were reproduced in vitro on ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Together, these data suggest that upregulation of miR-129-5p by HFD may impair the protective effects of endothelial cell autophagy against development of atherosclerosis through suppressing protein translation of Beclin-1.
Find It @ Sladen


On the East Coast of northern Florida and less than 30 minutes between St Augustine and Daytona Beach, you will find one of the best retirement cities in Florida. One of Florida's best kept secrets, this coastal area has 19 miles of unspoiled beaches, 125 miles of biking and hiking trails, dozens of Palm Coast parks, oceanfront beach resorts and golf communities built by new home builders in Palm Coast hugging the Intracoastal Waterway. Nicknamed "the quieter side of Florida," Palm Coast's uncrowded, pet friendly beaches are wide and have hard packed sand. No homes are built on a good portion of the ocean side of A1A, designated as a Scenic and Historic Coastal Highway.
With home prices low, Palm Coast is a great place to utilize a reverse mortgage. Reminiscent of South Florida 40 years ago, Flagler Beach still remains one of the best beaches. You won't find hi-rise condos lining the beaches of Palm Coast Florida. Instead, you will find swaying sea oats and weathered wooden stairways inviting you down to the wide hard sandy beaches, ideal for walking miles and miles barefoot. Shallow sandbars and pools of water collect along this beautiful beach. Fisherman surf fish while dogs catch frisbee's splashing along the shore. Spend some time in Flagler Beach and you'll have the chance to experience this coastal charm first hand and observe the quality of life in Palm Coast offers. Local's love their beaches, boating on Intracoastal Waterway and enjoy the three-season tropical balmy weather.
The Flagler Auditorium provides year round performances which include national tours of Broadway shows, symphony performances and celebrity entertainment in the 1,000 seat, state of the art, acoustically enhanced theater. The Flagler Playhouse provides performances in a smaller, more intimate setting. Additionally, the Flagler County Art League hosts traveling art exhibits, art festivals, art classes, and social activities.
Palm Coast's average winter temperatures range in the low to mid 60's. From May to September, the average temperatures range in the 80's. The closer you live to Flagler Beach, the more likely you will enjoy the cooler ocean breezes and avoid the summer afternoon thunderstorms.
There are two college campuses in Palm Coast with a myriad of lifelong learning courses available. Classes are also available at the Palm Coast Community Center and privately run facilities such as the Arthur Murray Dance Studio. Or if you choose to learn from home, online college courses are readily available.
Florida Hospital-Flagler opened in 2002. It is a well-equipped, progressive hospital with a healthy range of services. There at least 19 different specialties represented, inpatient and outpatient surgical services (including DaVinci robotic surgery), emergency care, support services, hospice care, a walk-in clinic, and some home health care near communities built by new home builders in Palm Coast.
Palm Coast is nicknamed the Pebble Beach of the East for its spectacular oceanfront golf courses. There are seven golf courses in Palm Coast; private, semi-private and public. The Palm Coast Tennis Center is a new state-of-the-art tennis facility with 10 HydroGrid clay courts and tennis amenities. Tennis tournaments, competitions, and clinics take place year-round. Freshwater and saltwater fishing are very popular because of the large variety of fish found in the area. Naturalist's have 44 parks and nature preserves to explore in Palm Coast. Most have walking and biking trails. The Princess Place preserve offers horseback riding. Kayaking is a popular water sport and the quietness of the sport encourages dolphin, manatee and bird sightings. Kayaks, canoes, and bikes are available for rent in Palm Coast, Florida.
With more than 65 restaurants in the area, there are plenty of choices for dining. Everything from luxury restaurants at area resorts to seafood shacks on the barrier island can be found and enjoyed. The number of restaurants in Palm Coast is continually expanding.
The Town Center of Palm Coast is a 1,558 acre planned urban mixed-use development combining retail and commercial space. Big box stores such as Target and Lowe's Home Improvement are located in Palm Coast along with unique boutiques and specialty stores. Department stores such as Macy's, JC Penney, Dillard's, and Sears can be found at the Volusia Mall in Daytona Beach.
Palm Coast homes for sale average in the high $100's and are located in Flagler County. The closer you get to the beach, the higher the home prices climb. Instead of buying a fixer-upper, consider building your dream home by one of the new home builders in Palm Coast. Deeply discounted waterfront and oceanfront condominiums can still be found because this segment of the market was hit the hardest in 2007. This is a great way to utilize a reverse mortgage. The estimated property tax millage rate range is 20.82 per $1000. Visit our library to find help and to learn how to calculate property taxes in Flagler County.
Palm Coast is divided into three main north/south corridors; the barrier island along the beach, the east side which is between I-95 and the Intracoastal Waterway, and the west side which is anything west of I-95. On the northern end of Palm Coast, on the east side in 'Sailboat Country', you can find homes built along deepwater canals during the 1980's priced in the $200's. There are 23 miles of saltwater canals and 46 miles of fresh water canals.
Ask us for our complimentary Palm Coast Relocation Information to help you learn more about one of the best retirement cities in Florida.
Packages include the master site plan, current price list and discovery packages offered.


FUND-RAISING is no handicap for Glossop Golf Club.
A year of charity activities paid off last week when the sporting group presented a £1,250 cheque to Willow Wood Hospice.
The local cause was chosen by David Holland who recently stood down from his 2004 year of captaincy.
Among the events was an open weekend at the club where Mettrick's Butchers donated two pigs to roast. Visitors snapped up tasty pork sandwiches on sale for £1 and raised around £600.
Senior members also helped boost the final figure with a £200 donation and the rest was raised through raffles, auctions and a swear box on the bar.
Mr Holland said: "We chose the hospice as it's local and because I've known quite a few people who have finished their days in there. Also with Willow Wood you know that almost every penny goes directly to the running of the place."
He added: "Everyone was very generous. And I better not say how much the swear box raised, but it was a 'substantial' amount!"


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Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Lab
HomeNews and eventsProjectsTools & ModelsAboutPeoplePublications
The aim of the Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Lab (THUD) is to explore the effects of physical and social systems on the health of populations.
The design of towns, cities, neighbourhoods, and social systems greatly influences the social, economic, environmental, and health outcomes of populations.
At THUD, we develop and apply novel methods using big data, artificial intelligence, and advanced analytics to provide new insights thereby influencing urban policies, globally.
The THUD Research Lab comprises a cross-disciplinary research team, exploring how the effects of urban form and transportation influence the health of residents in cities.
Planning the driverless city: What autonomous vehicles mean for Australasian cities
Autonomous vehicles may improve road safety, reduce car ownership, and reduce the need for parking. They may also entrench car dependency, encourage sprawl and shift investment away from vital public transport systems.
Safer cycling in the urban road environment
The study is the first comprehensive study in Australia that combines academic, government and community efforts to enhance cycling activity while addressing safety concerns.
Effects of feedback and incentive-based insurance on driving behaviours
The broader funded project is the first experimental study to examine the extent to which direct-feedback and incentive-based insurance modify a driver's behaviour.
Low-Carbon Living Co-benefits Calculator
The aim of this project is to develop and trial a prototype low-carbon precinct co-benefits calculator for use by urban planners and designers.The calculator will estimate co-benefits associated with gains (or losses) in health, productivity, and pollution from a range of alternative precinct designs and transport/land use configurations.
Western Suburbs Transport Studio
What's best for the west? Plan Melbourne 2017-2050 and alternative transport futures for Melbourne's western suburbs.
Networks and Space: Autonomous Vehicles in Suburban Melbourne
Assessing the spatial implications of Autonomous Vehicles as feeders to railway stations in suburban Melbourne
These web tools have been designed to allow users to explore, visualise, and understand the applications of THUD research.
Estimating the Health Benefits of Compact Cities
A Healthy Cities Scenario Planner
Explore the role of cycling infrastructure on car vs bicycle crashes
Explore where and when every recorded car vs cyclist crash has occurred in Victoria between 2010 and June 2017
Low Carbon Living Co-benefits Calculator
A prototype for low-carbon precinct design
AwaP-IC – An Open-source GIS Tool for Measuring Walkable Access
AwaP-IC is a QGIS tool that calculates the Area-weighted average Perimeter (AwaP) and Interface Catchment (IC), which combined, capture the capacities of urban morphologies to enable and attract pedestrian movement
For policy makers, urban designers/planners, and transport planners who shape our rapidly expanding cities, minimising exposure to health risks while maintaining or enhancing the mobility and accessibility of city residents needs to be a priority. The structure of a city and especially the local neighbourhood greatly influence a resident's experiences and opportunities, which in turn impacts their health and wellbeing, and ultimately the social, economic and environmental impact of the city.
The Lab focuses on two broad research themes:
New Urban Access and Mobility
New urban access and mobility encompasses elements associated with innovation in the planning and delivery of public transport, innovations associated with safe, inclusive and sustainable transport as well as exploring the institutional and governance requirements to achieve a reformed agenda at the local, state and federal-levels. This will identify approaches (including policy, planning and governance) that will lead to healthier and more sustainable urban environments. Specifically, the theme's objectives include:
innovation in planning and delivery of public transport both at the local and cross-city levels
accessibility and land-uses that are conducive to health and wellbeing
innovation in safe and sustainable transport
identifying and seeking solutions to institutional and political barriers to healthy and sustainable urban mobility in Australian cities
Urban Design, Walkability and Health
Public health challenges such as premature deaths due to excess weight and obesity have been shown to be associated with city-design and levels of physical activity of its residents. Promoting an active community with high levels of wellbeing requires radically different strategic approaches to urban transformation, necessitating innovative urban design; urban design that brings together modelling and an understanding of network connectivity, urban microclimate and comfort, UV exposure and access to daylight, air quality, and a sense of place and social infrastructure alongside transport and density distribution. While the general relationship of walking to public health is well established, the specific ways in which walkability is geared to urban morphology are less understood. This theme will place a specific focus on:
developing metrics, modelling and mapping of urban design dimensions of walkability, including density, functional mix, access and microclimate
exploring the opportunities and barriers to transit-oriented urban designs, including property markers and urban design frameworks
identifying and developing design innovation for walking, cycling and transit oriented urban design.
Prof Mark Stevenson
Prof Brendan Gleeson
Prof Kim Dovey
Prof Sun Sheng Han
Dr Iderlina Mateo-Babiano
Dr Hyung Min Kim
Dr Elek Pafka
Assoc Prof Janet Stanley
Dr John Stone
Dr Jennifer Day
Dr Gideon Aschwanden
Dr Siqing Chen
Dr Jason Thompson
Dr Kerry Nice
Dr Jasper Wijnands
Mr Tony Bliss
Mr David Mah
Ms Leire Asensio-Villoria
Dr Crystal Legacy
Dr Runing Ye
Dr Sachith Seneviratne
Dr Suzanne Mavoa
Dr Kathryn Davidson
Dr Haifeng Zhao
Mr Thanh Ho
Lancet Special Series
City planning and population health: A global challenge
Significant global health challenges are being confronted in the 21st century, prompting calls to rethink approaches to disease prevention. A key part of the solution is city planning that reduces non-communicable diseases and road trauma while also managing rapid urbanisation.
Land use, transport, and population health: estimating the health benefits of compact cities
Using a health impact assessment framework, we estimated the population health effects arising from alternative land-use and transport policy initiatives in six cities.
Use of science to guide city planning policy and practice
The primary recommendation of this paper is for cities to actively pursue compact and mixed-use urban designs that encourage a transport modal shift away from private motor vehicles towards walking, cycling, and public transport.
The MJA-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change
In partnership with The Lancet and the MJA, we present the inaugural Australian Countdown assessment of progress on climate change and health. Publication
Road injury is the leading cause of death for young people, with human error a contributing factor in many crash events. This research is the first experimental study to examine the extent to which direct feedback and incentive-based insurance modifies a driver's behaviour.
Pedestrian Crossing Environments in an Emerging Chinese City
While pedestrian crossings play a vital role in providing seamless mobility for pedestrians, they have also continually been spaces of negotiation, contestation, and conflicts between and among different users. This research aims to assess the pedestrian crossing from an operational perspective in one emerging Chinese city, Suzhou.
Identifying safe intersection design through unsupervised feature extraction from satellite imagery
The World Health Organization has listed the design of safer intersections as a key intervention to reduce global road trauma. This article presents the first study to systematically analyze the design of all intersections in a large country, based on aerial imagery and deep learning.
Modelling SARS-CoV-2 disease progression in Australia and New Zealand: an account of an agent-based approach to support public health decision-making
We developed a public health decision-support model for mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Australia and New Zealand. Having demonstrated its capacity to describe disease progression patterns during both countries' first waves of infections, we describe its utilisation in Victoria in underpinning the State Government's then 'RoadMap to Reopening'.
Debjit Bhowmick, Ben Beck, Meead Saberi, Mark Stevenson, Jason Thompson, Meghan Winters, Trisalyn Nelson, Simone Zarpelon Leao, Sachith Seneviratne, Christopher Pettit, Le Hai Vu, Kerry Nice. (2022). A systematic scoping review of methods for estimating link-level bicycle volumes. Transport Reviews.
Pui Kwan Cheung, C.Y. Jim, Nigel Tapper, Kerry A. Nice, Stephen J. Livesley (2022). Daytime irrigation leads to significantly cooler private backyards in summer. Urban Climate. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101310
Kerry A. Nice, Negin Nazarian, Mathew J. Lipson, Melissa A. Hart, Sachith Seneviratne, Jason Thompson, Marzie Naserikia, Branislava Godic, and Mark Stevenson, Isolating the impacts of urban form and fabric from geography on urban heat and human thermal comfort. Building and Environment, 2022. Open access preprint https://www.essoar.org/doi/10.1002/essoar.10511203.2
Mathew J. Lipson, Negin Nazarian, Melissa A. Hart, Kerry A . Nice and Brooke Conroy (2022). A transformation in city-descriptive input data for urban climate models, Frontiers in Environmental Science: Environmental Informatics and Remote Sensing.
Mark Siebentritt, Malcolm Eadie, Tim Watson, Sarah Day, Nigel Tapper, Kerry Nice, Negin Nazarian, and Sebastian Pfautsch (2022). Cool Suburbs: User Guide and Science Rationale. Western Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils. Report.
Pafka, E. and Peimani, N. (2022) Multi-scalar mapping of transit-oriented assemblages: metropolitan mobilities, neighbourhood morphologies and station design. Presented at: ISUF XXVI International Seminar on Urban Form: Cities as Assemblages, Nicosia, 2-6 July 2019. Published in: Geddes, I. et al (eds). Cities as Assemblages: Proceedings of the XXVI International Seminar on Urban Form. Vol.3. pp.415-425.
Cheung PK, Nice K, Livesley S (2022). Irrigating urban greenspace for cooling benefits: the mechanisms and management considerations, Environmental Research: Climate.
Billie G, Stevenson M, et al. (2022). Creating healthy and sustainable cities: what gets measured, gets done. The Lancet Global Health, 10(6), e782 - e785.
Geoff B, Ho TP, et al. (2022). Using open data and open-source software to develop spatial indicators of urban design and transport features for achieving healthy and sustainable cities. The Lancet Global Health, 10(6), e907 - e918.
Melanie L, Ho TP, et al. (2022). City planning policies to support health and sustainability: an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities. The Lancet Global Health, 10(6), e882 - e894.
Wijnands J, Nice KA, Seneviratne S, Thompson J, Stevenson M (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution: A global assessment using machine learning techniques, Atmospheric Pollution Research. Vol. 2022;13(6):101438.
Beck B, Thompson J, Nice KA, Seneviratne S, Stevenson M, et al (2022). Developing urban biking typologies: quantifying the complex interactions of bicycle ridership, bicycle network and built environment characteristics. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science.
Thompson, J., McClure, R., Blakely, T., Wilson, N., Baker, M.G., Wijnands, J.S., De Sa, T.H., Nice, K., Cruz, C. and Stevenson, M. (2022), Modelling SARS-CoV-2 disease progression in Australia and New Zealand: an account of an agent-based approach to support public health decision-making. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.
V. Dissanayake, S. Seneviratne, R. Rana, E. Wen, T. Kaluarachchi and S. Nanayakkara, SigRep: Toward Robust Wearable Emotion Recognition With Contrastive Representation Learning. IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 18105-18120, 2022
S Seneviratne, KA Nice, JS Wijnands, M Stevenson, J Thompson (2021). Contrastive representation learning for natural world imagery: Habitat prediction for 30,000 species. 2021 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 01-08
S Seneviratne, N Kasthuriarachchi, S Rasnayaka (2021). Multi-dataset benchmarks for masked identification using contrastive representation learning. 021 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 01-08
F Boutros, S Seneviratne et al. Mfr 2021: Masked face recognition competition. 2021 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB). 4/08.
Seneviratne, S. (2021). Contrastive representation learning for natural world imagery: Habitat prediction for 30,000 species. CLEF working notes.
Rao, F. and Pafka, E. (2021) Shopping morphologies of urban transit station areas, Journal of Transport Geography, 96.
Beggs, P. J., Zhang, Y., McGushin, A., Trueck, S., Linnenluecke, M. K., Bambrick, H., Berry, H. L., Jay, O., Rychetnik, L., Hanigan, I. C., Morgan, G. G., Guo, Y., Malik, A., Stevenson, M., Green, D., Johnston, F. H., McMichael, C., Hamilton, I., & Capon, A. G. (2021). The 2021 report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: Australia increasingly out on a limb. The Medical journal of Australia, 10.5694/mja2.51302. Advance online publication.
Ho TP, Stevenson M, Thompson J, Nguyen TQ. Evaluation of Urban Design Qualities across Five Urban Typologies in Hanoi. Urban Science. 2021; 5(4):76.
Blakely T, Thompson J, Bablani L, Andersen P, Ait Ouakrim D, Carvalho N, Abraham P, Boujaoude M-A, Katar A, Akpan E, Wilson N, Stevenson M. Association of Simulated COVID-19 Policy Responses for Social Restrictions and Lockdowns With Health-Adjusted Life-Years and Costs in Victoria, Australia. JAMA Health Forum. 2021;2(7):e211749.
Waidyatillake N, Campbell T, Vicendese D, Dharmage S, Curto A, Stevenson M. Particulate Matter and Premature Mortality: A Bayesian Meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 202, 18, 7655: 1-21.
Feng YR, Meuleners L, Stevenson M, Heyworth J, Murray K, Fraser M, Maher S. The impact of cognition and gender on speeding behaviour in older drivers with and without suspected mild cognitive impairment. Clinical Interventions in Ageing, 2021; 16: 1473–1483.
Stevenson M, Mortimer D, Wijnands J, Harris A. The effect of telematic based feedback and financial incentives on driving behaviour: A randomised trial. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2021,159, 106278.
Rachele J, Bentley R, Stevenson M, Zhao H, Wang J, Wijnands J. Using machine learning to examine associations between the built environment and physical function: A feasibility study, Health and Place, 2021,70,102601
Stevenson M, Thompson J, Godic B, Ho T. City Design and the Transmission of COVID-19. In Rajabifard A, Paez D, Foliente G (Eds.), COVID-19 Pandemic, Geospatial Information, and Community Resilience Global Applications and Lessons, (pp. 137-144). CRC Press. 2021.
Cheung P, Livesley P, Nice K. Estimating the cooling potential of irrigating green spaces in 100 global cities with arid, temperate or continental climates. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, 71, 102974.
Blakely T, Thompson J, Bablani L, Andersen P, Ait Ouakrim D, Carvalho N, Abraham P, Boujaoude M-A, Katar A, Akpan E, Wilson N, Stevenson M. Assessment of a range of simulated COVID-19 policy responses for social restrictions and lockdowns associated with health-adjusted life years and costs in Victoria, Australia. Journal American Medical Association - Health Forum. (accepted June 2, 2021)
Perkins D, Dietze P, O'Brien P, McGregor I, Sarris J, Stevenson M, Gleeson P, Quilter J, Sinclair, McNamara L. Medicinal cannabis and driving: the intersection of health and road safety policy. International Journal of Drug Policy, 2021 (accepted May 17)
Mortimer D, Wijnands J, Harris A, Stevenson M. Persistence or reversal? The micro-effects of time-varying financial penalties. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021, 188: 72-86.
Bhowmick D, Winter S, Stevenson M, Vortisch P. Exploring the viability of walk-sharing in outdoor urban spaces. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2021, 88, 101635
Nice, K. (2021). Managing urban heat in water sensitive cities: research and policy responses. Melbourne, Australia: Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities. Report 2021.
Bhowmick D, Winter S, Stevenson M, Vortisch P. The impact of urban road network morphology on pedestrian wayfinding behaviour. Journal of Spatial Information Science. 2020 (accepted August 31)
Meuleners L, Fraser M, Stevenson M, Oxley J, Johnson M, Rose J. Characteristics of the road infrastructure and injurious bicycle crashes that result in a hospitalisation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2020, 136, 105407
Blakely T, Thompson J, Carvalho N, Bablani L, Wilson N, Stevenson M. Maximizing the probability that the 6-week lock-down in Victoria delivers a COVID-19 free Australia. Medical Journal of Australia (Published online: 17 July 2020)
Wijnands J, Zhao H, Nice K, Thompson J, Scully K, Guo J, Stevenson M. Identifying safe intersection design through unsupervised feature extraction from satellite imagery. Comput Aided Civ Inf. 2020;1–16.
Stevenson M, Bhalla K. Global road safety: a well-travelled road? International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2020,27(1): 1-2
Stevenson M, Thompson J, Wijnands J, Nice K, Aschwanden G, Zhao H. Opportunities to reduce road traffic injury: new insights from the study of urban areas. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2020, 27(1): 20-26.
Thompson J, Stevenson M, Wijnands J, Nice K, Aschwanden G, Silver J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Rayner P, Schofield R, Hariharan R, Morrison C. A global analysis of urban design types and road transport injury: an image processing study. The Lancet Planetary Health, 2020, 4(1): e32-e42.
Feng YR, Meuleners L, Stevenson M, Heyworth J, Murray K, Maher S. Driver Self-Regulation Practices in Older Drivers with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2020, 15:217-224.
Nice K, Wijnands J, Middel A, Wamg J, Qiu Y, Zhao N, Thompson J, Aschwanden G, Zhao H, Stevenson M. Sky pixel detection in outdoor imagery using an adaptive algorithm and machine learning, Urban Climate, 2020, 31,100572.
Runing Ye, Jonas DeVos, Liang Ma. 'Analysing the association of dissonance between actual and ideal commute time and commute satisfaction.' Transport Research Part A: Policy and Practice 132, 2020, pp. 47-62.
Zhu, Y., Nice, K., Eadie, M. Knutsford Urban Heat Modelling Report. Melbourne, Australia: Water Sensitive Cities Institute. 2020
Renouf, M. A., Kenway, S. J., Bertram, N., London, G., Sainsbury, O., Todorovic, T., Nice, K.A., Surendran, S., and Moravej, M. Salisbury case study final report: water sensitive outcomes for infill development. Melbourne, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Report 2020.
Renouf, M. A., Kenway, S. J., Bertram, N., London, G., Todorovic, T., Sainsbury, O., Nice, K. A., Moravej, M., Pype, M.-L., Sochacka, B. & Surendran, M. Infill Performance Evaluation Framework. Melbourne:
Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Report 2020.
Stevenson M. Fewer cars, healthier cities. British Medical Journal, 2019, 367
Aschwanden G, Wijnands J, Thompson J, Nice K, Zhao H, Stevenson M. Learning to walk: Modeling transportation mode choice distribution through neural networks. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 2019, pp. 1–14. doi: 10.1177/2399808319862571.
Zhao H, Wijnands J, Nice K, Thompson J, Stevenson M. Reducing Cyclist Crashes by Assessing the Road Environment: An Application of Google Imagery and Machine Learning. Journal of Transport & Health, 2019, 14, 100698.
Beggs P, Stevenson M, et al. The 2019 report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: a turbulent year with mixed progress. The Medical Journal of Australia, 2019, 211 (11):490- 491 e2 - e49.
Wijnands J, Thompson J, Nice K, Aschwanden G, Stevenson M. Real-time monitoring of driver drowsiness on mobile platforms using 3-D neural networks. Neural Computing and Applications, 2019.
Mueller N, Rojas-Rueda D, Khreis H, Cirach M, Andres D, Ballester J, Bartoll X, Daher C, Deluca A, Echave C, Mila C, Marquez S, Palou J, Perez K, Tonne C, Stevenson M, Rueda S, Nieuwenhuijsen Ml. Changing the urban design of cities for health: the superblock model. Environment International, 2019, 134, 105132.
Meuleners L, Fraser M, Stevenson M, Oxley J, Rose G, Johnson M. Safer cycling and the urban road environment: A case control study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2019, 129, 342-349.
Wijnands J, Nice K, Zhao H, Thompson J, Stevenson M. Streetscape augmentation using generative adversarial networks: Insights related to health and wellbeing. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2019, 49, 101602.
Beck B, Stevenson MR, Cameron P, et al. Crash characteristics of on-road single-bicycle crashes: an under-recognised problem. Injury Prevention, 2019.
Broadbent, A. M., Coutts, A. M., Nice, K. A., Demuzere, M., Krayenhoff, E. S., Tapper, N. J., and Wouters, H.: The Air-temperature Response to Green/blue-infrastructure Evaluation Tool (TARGET v1.0): an efficient and user-friendly model of city cooling, Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 785-803.
Dovey, K. & Pafka, E. What is walkability? The urban DMA, Urban Studies, 2020, 57(1): 93-108.
Majic, I. & Pafka, E. AwaP-IC - An Open-Source GIS Tool for Measuring Walkable Access. Urban Science, 2019, 3(2): 1-14.
Wang F, Chen Y, Guo J, Yu R, Stevenson M, Zhao H. Middle-aged Drivers' subjective categorization for combined alignments on mountainous freeways and their speed choices. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2019, 127:80-86.
Thompson J, Scully K, Wijnands J, Stevenson M, Mavoa S. Evidence for the 'safety in density' effect for cyclists: validation of agent-based modelling results. Injury Prevention, 2019, 25:379-385.
Fan, P., Guo, J., Zhao, H., Wijnands, J., and Wang, Y. . 'Car-following modeling incorporating driving memory based on autoencoder and Long Short-Term Memory neural networks', Sustainability, 2019, 11.6755.
Curtis, C, Stone, J., Legacy, C. & Ashmore, D. 'Governance of Future Urban Mobility: A Research Agenda', Urban Policy and Research, 2019,pp. 1—12.
Legacy, C. & Stone, J. 'Consensus planning in transport: The case of Vancouver's transportation plebiscite', Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2019, 120, pp. 295—305.
Legacy, C., Ashmore, D., Scheurer, J., Stone, J and Curtis, C . 'Planning the driverless city',Transport Reviews, 2019, pp. 1—19.
Stone, J., Legacy, C. and Curtis, C. 'The Future Driverless City?', Planning Theory and Practice, 2019, 18:5, 753-778.
Runing Ye, Helena Titheridge. 'The determinants of commuting satisfaction in low-income population: A case study of Xi'an, China.' Travel Behaviour and Society 16, 2019, pp. 272-283.
Liang Ma, Runing Ye. 'Does daily commuting behaviour matter to employee productivity?' Journal of Transport Geography , 2019, 76, pp.130 – 141.
Stanley, J. & Stanley, J. Balbontin, C. & Hensher, D . 'Social exclusion: The role of mobility and bridging social capital in regional Australia', Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2019, 125, 223-233.
Coenen, L., Davidson, K., & Gleeson, B.. Situating C40 in the Evolution of Networked Urban Climate Governance. GLOBAL POLICY, 2019, 10(4), 723-725.
Davidson, K., Coenen, L., Acuto, M., & Gleeson, B. Reconfiguring urban governance in an age of rising city networks: A research agenda. Urban Studies, 2019, 56(16), 3540-3555.
Tapper, N., Lloyd, S., McArthur, J., Nice, K., and Jacobs, S. Estimating the economic benefits of Urban Heat Island mitigation – Biophysical Aspects. CRCWSC Milestone Report. Melbourne, Australia: Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, 2019.
Davidson, K., Coenen, L., & Gleeson, B. A Decade of C40: Research Insights and Agendas for City Networks. GLOBAL POLICY, 2019, 10(4), 697-708
Ashmore, D. P., Stone, J., & Kirk, Y. (2018). The need for greater transparency when assessing the performance and prospects of Melbourne's rail franchise contracts. Urban Policy and Research, 1-15.
Davern, M., Gunn, L., Whitzman, C., Higgs, C., Giles-Corti, B., Simons, K., . . . Badland, H. (2018). Using spatial measures to test a conceptual model of social infrastructure that supports health and wellbeing. Cities & Health, 1(2), 194-209.
Hulme, A., Thompson, J., Nielsen, R. O., Read, G. J. M., & Salmon, P. M. (2018). Towards a complex systems approach in sports injury research: simulating running-related injury development with agent-based modelling. British Journal of Sports Medicine, published online 18 June 2018.
Kim, H. M., & Mateo-Babiano, I. (2018). Pedestrian crossing environments in an emerging Chinese city: Vehicle encountering, seamless walking, and sensory perception perspectives. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-17.
Lawrence, B. M., Oxley, J. A., Logan, D. B., & Stevenson, M. R. (2018). Cyclist exposure to the risk of car door collisions in mixed function activity centers: A study in Melbourne, Australia. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19, S164-S168.
Legacy, C., Ashmore, D., Scheurer, J., Stone, J., & Curtis, C. (2018). Planning the driverless city. Transport Reviews, published online 20 Apr 2018.
Lowe, M., Whitzman, C., & Giles-Corti, B. (2018). Health-Promoting Spatial Planning: Approaches for Strengthening Urban Policy Integration. Planning Theory & Practice, 19(2), 180-197.
Mortimer, D., Wijnands, J. S., Harris, A., Tapp, A., & Stevenson, M. (2018). The effect of 'smart' financial incentives on driving behaviour of novice drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 119, 68-79.
Nice, K. A., Coutts, A. M., & Tapper, N. J. (2018). Development of the VTUF-3D v1.0 urban micro-climate model to support assessment of urban vegetation influences on human thermal comfort. Urban Climate, published online 12 Jan 2018.
Stevenson, M., Harris, A., Mortimer, D., Wijnands, J. S., Tapp, A., Peppard, F., & Buckis, S. (2018). The effects of feedback and incentive-based insurance on driving behaviours: study approach and protocols. Injury Prevention, 24(1), 89-93.
Stevenson, M., & Gleeson, B. (2018). Complex Urban Systems: Compact Cities, Transport and Health. In M. Nieuwenhuijsen & H. Khreis (Eds.), Integrating Human Health into Urban and Transport Planning: A Framework (pp. 271-285). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Stone, J., Ashmore, D., Scheurer, J., Legacy, C., & Curtis, C. (2018). Planning for Disruptive Transport Technologies: How Prepared Are Australian Transport Agencies? In G. Marsden & L. Reardon (Eds.), Governance of the Smart Mobility Transition (pp. 123-137): Emerald Publishing Limited.
Thompson, J. H., Wijnands, J. S., Mavoa, S., Scully, K., & Stevenson, M. R. (2018). Evidence for the 'safety in density' effect for cyclists: validation of agent-based modelling results. Injury Prevention, Published online 12 October 2018.
Wijnands, J. S., Thompson, J., Aschwanden, G., & Stevenson, M. (2018). Identifying behavioural change among drivers using Long Short-Term Memory recurrent neural networks. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 53, 34-49.
Beck, B., Ekegren, C. L., Cameron, P., Edwards, E. R., Bucknill, A., Judson, R., Page, R., Hau, R., Stevenson, M., & Gabbe, B. J. (2017). Predictors of recovery in cyclists hospitalised for orthopaedic trauma following an on-road crash. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 106, 341-347.
Legacy, C. (2017). The post‐politics of transport: establishing a new meeting ground for transport politics. Geographical Research, 56(2), 196-205.
Newnam, S., Warmerdam, A., Sheppard, D., Griffin, M., & Stevenson, M. (2017). Do management practices support or constrain safe driving behaviour? A multi-level investigation in a sample of occupational drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 102, 101-109.
Pafka, E (2017) 'Integration is not walkability' Space Syntax Symposium, Lisbon 3-7 July.
Pafka, E & Dovey, K (2017) 'Permeability and interface catchment: measuring and mapping walkable access', Journal of Urbanism, 10(2): 150-162.
Thompson, J., Wijnands, J. S., Savino, G., Lawrence, B., & Stevenson, M. (2017). Estimating the safety benefit of separated cycling infrastructure adjusted for behavioral adaptation among drivers; an application of agent-based modelling. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 49, 18-28.
Warmerdam, A., Newnam, S., Sheppard, D., Griffin, M., & Stevenson, M. (2017). Workplace road safety risk management: An investigation into Australian practices. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 98, 64-73.
Warmerdam, A., Newnam, S., Sheppard, D., Griffin, M., & Stevenson, M. (2017). A new approach to managing work-related road traffic injury: The development of a health investment framework. Traffic Injury Prevention, 18(6), 631-635.
Giles-Corti, B., Vernez-Moudon, A., Reis, R., Turrell, G., Dannenberg, A. L., Badland, H., . . . Owen, N. (2016). City planning and population health: a global challenge. The Lancet, 388(10062), 2912-2924.
Mateo-Babiano, I., Bean, R., Corcoran, J., & Pojani, D. (2016). How does our natural and built environment affect the use of bicycle sharing? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 94, 295-307.
Thompson, J., Savino, G., & Stevenson, M. (2016). A model of behavioural adaptation as a contributor to the safety-in-numbers effect for cyclists. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 85, 65-75.
Sallis, J. F., Bull, F., Burdett, R., Frank, L. D., Griffiths, P., Giles-Corti, B., & Stevenson, M. (2016). Use of science to guide city planning policy and practice: how to achieve healthy and sustainable future cities. The Lancet, 388(10062), 2936-2947.
Stevenson, M., Thompson, J., de Sá, T. H., Ewing, R., Mohan, D., McClure, R., . . . Woodcock, J. (2016). Land use, transport, and population health: estimating the health benefits of compact cities. The Lancet, 388(10062), 2925-2935.
Tools and models


The 2016 Golden Globes are in the record books, and it was a night which saw a lot of the wealth spread out in surprising ways.
For instance, presumed Oscar frontrunner Spotlight was basically shut out in favor of The Revenant, which pretty much swept the ceremony with wins for Best Picture (Drama), Best Director for Alejandro G. Iñárritu, and Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama) for Leonardo DiCaprio. In short, tonight gave The Revenant a massive Oscar boost, as Iñárritu is poised to sweep the Oscars for two straight years. However, it's not all said and done just yet, as there's still considerable competition, and not just in the form of critical favorites like Spotlight and Room. The Martian had a big night, winning Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Musical or Comedy) for Matt Damon, and Best Picture (Musical or Comedy). Yeah, I still have no idea how The Martian is a comedy, other than to chalk this up to more awards season politicking/category fraud. But hey, The Martian was outstanding, so I'm not exactly mad about this.
If you missed tonight's big show, check out the hilarious opening monologue from controversial host Ricky Gervais!


Ann Arbor, Mich Feb 9/43 Dearest Dorothea: You surely are having lots of troubles, aren't you? That furnace has been your bug-a-boo most of the time. I suggest you call Fred Scholer as he did us more good before than Kirkpatrick even suspicioned. Certainly happy to learn Dorothy is better and surely hope for her continued and complete recovery. It was mighty nice of the Griesels to send you in those things. Seems like they can't help being good to folks, can they? You might send Grandma to the show with the kids as I think she would enjoy it, too. If you haven't been. So Bill Utley finally pierced the veil, did he? That's swell. And Grandpa Smith can really crow now. And bet he does. Our day wasn't so bad. Three hours of lecture. Then lunch. One hour of drill - one hour of lecture and a practice march or hike - with leggings for about 45 minutes. Then retreat. We have to stand retreat like we did down at Claiborne & also Carlisle. I am Platoon Sergeant of the Second Platoon of our class. I guess I probably told you so in my former letter. Then supper. After supper we had a reception by the faculty and the 8th Class for us. Col Springer and Col Rickey from the JAG Department in Washington were here as guests. They are working out the assignments of the 8th Class for when they get out of school. They interview the men and then assign them where they have a vacancy which the man can fill and as near his desires as possible.


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TRIP PLANNER 8 days in Italy, Spain & Portugal Itinerary
8 days in Italy, Spain & Portugal Itinerary
Created using Inspirock Europe itinerary planner
Start: Boston, United States
End: Boston, United States
Sat, Jul 13 - Sat, Jul 20 Edit
Venice, Italy — 1 night
City of Romance
Virtually unchanged for the last six centuries, Venice is actually a group of islands made famous by a series of canals, bridges, monuments, piazzas, and narrow pedestrian lanes.
On the 14th (Sun), see the interesting displays at Doge's Palace, then appreciate the extensive heritage of Piazza San Marco, then take in the architecture and atmosphere at Basilica di San Marco, and finally explore the activities along Canal Grande.
To see other places to visit, ratings, maps, and other tourist information, refer to the Venice day trip planner.
Boston, USA to Venice is an approximately 12.5-hour flight. You'll lose 6 hours traveling from Boston to Venice due to the time zone difference. In July, daytime highs in Venice are 87°F, while nighttime lows are 67°F. Finish your sightseeing early on the 14th (Sun) to allow enough time to fly to Rome.
Historic Sites · Museums · Nature · Parks
Find places to stay Jul 13 — 14:
See Italy Travel Guide
Rome, Italy — 2 nights
Eternal City
Aptly nicknamed the Eternal City, Rome is the birthplace of the Roman Empire, one of the world's greatest civilizations ever.
Start off your visit on the 15th (Mon): ponder the design of Trevi Fountain, delve into the distant past at Pantheon, take in panoramic vistas at Museo Nazionale di Castel Sant'Angelo, then delve into the distant past at Colosseum, and finally delve into the distant past at Palatine Hill. On the next day, admire the masterpieces at Galleria Borghese, then don't miss a visit to Piazza Navona, then steep yourself in history at St. Peter's Basilica, and finally don't miss a visit to Spanish Steps.
To find reviews, photos, more things to do, and other tourist information, you can read our Rome trip itinerary app.
Traveling by flight from Venice to Rome takes 3 hours. Alternatively, you can take a train; or drive. In July in Rome, expect temperatures between 89°F during the day and 70°F at night. Finish your sightseeing early on the 16th (Tue) so you can fly to Barcelona.
Barcelona, Spain — 2 nights
Jewel of the Mediterranean
Barcelona, the country's second-largest city, is a cosmopolitan urban center known for its throbbing youthful energy and stellar architecture.
Start off your visit on the 17th (Wed): admire the landmark architecture of Casa Mila - La Pedrera, then stroll around Parc Guell, then don't miss a visit to Basilica de la Sagrada Familia, and finally admire the striking features of Casa Batllo. Get ready for a full day of sightseeing on the 18th (Thu): pause for some serene contemplation at Barcelona Cathedral, then take a stroll through Gothic Quarter (Barri Gotic), then wander the streets of Las Ramblas, and finally pick up some local products at La Boqueria.
To see more things to do, ratings, maps, and tourist information, use the Barcelona trip itinerary planner.
You can fly from Rome to Barcelona in 5 hours. Alternatively, you can drive; or take a train. While traveling from Rome, expect a bit cooler days and about the same nights in Barcelona, ranging from highs of 84°F to lows of 71°F. Cap off your sightseeing on the 18th (Thu) early enough to catch the flight to Lisbon.
Things to do in Barcelona
Historic Sites · Neighborhoods · Parks · Shopping
Basilica de la Sagrada Familia
Parc Guell
Casa Batllo
See Spain Travel Guide
Lisbon, Portugal — 2 nights
City of Seven Hills
Built on seven hills, Lisbon has experienced a renaissance in recent years, making it the cultural star of Portugal.
Start off your visit on the 19th (Fri): steep yourself in history at Castelo de S. Jorge, then meet the residents at Lisbon Oceanarium, then contemplate in the serene atmosphere at Mosteiro dos Jeronimos, and finally make a trip to Elevador de Santa Justa. On the 20th (Sat), you'll have a packed day of sightseeing: test your problem-solving skills at popular escape rooms, pause for some photo ops at Padrao dos Descobrimentos, make a trip to Belém Tower, pause for some photo ops at Arco do Triunfo, then don't miss a visit to Praca do Comercio (Terreiro do Paco), and finally see the interesting displays at Museu Nacional do Azulejo.
Discover how to plan a Lisbon trip in just a few steps with Inspirock's itinerary builder.
You can fly from Barcelona to Lisbon in 5 hours. Alternatively, you can drive; or take a train. Due to the time zone difference, you'll gain 1 hour traveling from Barcelona to Lisbon. Traveling from Barcelona in July, you can expect nighttime temperatures to be a bit cooler in Lisbon, with lows of 63°F. Finish your sightseeing early on the 20th (Sat) to allow enough time to fly back home.
Things to do in Lisbon
Historic Sites · Parks · Zoos & Aquariums · Fun & Games
Lisbon Oceanarium
Belém Tower
Mosteiro dos Jeronimos
See Portugal Travel Guide
Spain trip planner
Portugal trip planner
Venice trip planner
Landmarks · Ruins · Beaches
Italy is a land of high fashion, fine art, exquisite architecture, luxury sports cars, outstanding cuisine--and an insatiable taste for "la dolce vita." It's also home to the greatest number of World Heritage Sites in the world, making it an ideal place for your next holiday. The country boasts a varied landscape of mountain ranges, alpine lakes, and coastal towns, so it's no wonder travelers often refer to it as the bel paese (beautiful country). With so many places to visit, visitors often have a difficult time planning their itinerary. The smaller villages each feature a distinct character and a blend of architecture, art, and cuisine. In the country, you'll find countless archeological sites dating back to Roman times and beyond. The country's cities and seaside resorts are cosmopolitan powerhouses with museums, galleries, restaurants, shops, open-air markets, and pedestrian-friendly historic areas.
Beaches · Nightlife · Architectural Buildings
A colorful country known for its relaxed lifestyle, vibrant nightlife, excellent food, and world-famous folklore and festivals, Spain boasts a huge number of World Heritage Sites and other spectacular places to visit. It also deserves its reputation as a beach vacation destination; the Western edge of the Mediterranean Sea is home to some of the world's top beaches. But Spain's geography is so much more than just soft, sandy shores. Its landscapes are as diverse as its people, ranging from lush meadows and snowy mountains to huge marshes and sprawling deserts. The countryside bursts with unspoiled villages of timeless beauty and old-world charm, as well as vast and varied nature preserves.
Landmarks · Castles · Beaches
Small in size but rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, Portugal features contrasting landscapes that include long beaches, lush vineyards, verdant valleys, and rolling hills dotted with tiny settlements where old traditions still prevail. The country's serene interior, often overlooked by foreigners, remains largely unspoiled by mass tourism and offers visitors a chance to discover this less-trodden part of Europe at their own pace. Ripe for leisurely adventures on foot or by bicycle, Portugal's fertile countryside boasts well-preserved medieval castles and outstanding wineries, producing some of the world's finest ports. The country's cities offer a lively culinary scene known for its many award-winning restaurants, topping the itineraries of foodies from around the globe.
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With generous funding from Tesco Bags of Help, Sheffield Town Trust and J G Graves Charitable Foundation we were able to turn a sad, old tree stump into a magical storytelling tree in our nursery grounds. Sheffield based sculptor, Jason Turpin-Thomson created some beautiful carvings for the pleasure of our children, families and the local community. There are three baby owls, inspired by the popular story, "Owl Babies". There is a whimsical squirrel floating in an upturned umbrella and a fairy flying on a humming bird. At the base of the tree is a fairy tale staircase, intricately carved upwards to a number of small hidey holes, which are perfect for small world play enabling the children to create their own stories with toy figures and animals climbing up and down the stairs.


text:
from datetime import datetime

from olympia import amo

from aesfield.field import AESField

class FrozenAPIAccess(amo.models.ModelBase):
    secret = AESField(max_length=255, aes_key='api:access:secret')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'api_access'

def run():
    for access in FrozenAPIAccess.objects.all():
        access.secret = str(access.secret)
        if not access.created:
            access.created = datetime.now()
        access.save()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Classical > Orphée
Genre(s): Classical, New Age, Pop/Rock, Classical Crossover, Contemporary Instrumental
Record label: DG Deutsche Grammophon
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Buy Orphée from Amazon
Album Review: Orphée by Jóhann Jóhannsson
Very Good, Based on 5 Critics
AllMusic - 80
Based on rating 8/10
Orphée's studies in change give equal time time to mourning and hope, whether on the spine-tingling "A Pile of Dust" or the way "A Sparrow Alighted Upon Our Shoulder" and "By the Roes, and by the Hinds of the Field" dance between joy and sorrow. Similarly, Jóhannsson makes the album's chiaroscuro qualities explicit on "De Luce et Umbra," where a shadowy, almost subliminal pulse adds tension to the skyward strings, and on the Emily Dickinson-inspired diptych "Good Morning, Midnight" and "Good Night, Day," where subtle transitions evoke standing between ends and beginnings. On Orphée, Jóhannsson expresses the need to let some things and people go to let new ones in with remarkable nuance, as well as the affecting beauty fans have come to know and love.
Full Review >>
Pitchfork - 75
Based on rating 7.5/10
Orphée, the latest album by the Icelandic composer and filmmaker Jóhann Jóhannsson is billed as his first studio album in six years since the somber and excellent The Miners' Hymns. But during that time Jóhannsson has released eight records—three of which were scores to major films (including Sicario & The Theory of Everything) and the rest music for smaller film projects, one of which Jóhannsson directed himself. But with even The Miners' Hymns itself serving as a score to a film, the particular criteria for which Jóhannsson deems a record to be a "studio album" as opposed to a "film score" is somewhat unclear.
PopMatters - 70
Jóhann Jóhannsson is best known as a film composer. More recently, he may be best known as the future composer of the sequel to Blade Runner. His film work ranges from the melodic and pleasant (The Theory of Everything) to the suspenseful (Sicario) to the just plain epic in scope (The Miner's Hymn). He is skilled in this craft.
The Guardian - 60
Based on rating 3/5
"There are two ways of telling a story," said Harrison Birtwistle, who was long preoccupied with the Orpheus myth. "One is to tell it because people don't know it and the other is to tell it like a child's story – to retell it." Icelandic film composer Jóhann Jóhannsson joins the grand tradition of composers (Monteverdi, Gluck, Birtwistle, Anaïs Mitchell) who have retold the legend of music's ability to charm monsters and gods – though for Jóhannsson the tale is about "change, mutability, death, rebirth". It's his first official studio album in six years and it marks a move to Deutsche Grammophon's branch of ambient indie-classical grandeur.
Dusted Magazine
Opinion: Excellent
Jóhann Jóhansson — Orphée (Deutsche Grammophon)It's encouraging to find a dark landscape illuminated even by a single ray of light. Briefly, much of the music we call "Classical" has taken on the worst elements of "Pop. " In the name of minimalism and drone, we are now inundated by compositions whose regressive vapidity is mitigated only by decent production, which is what I expected and feared from Orphée, Jóhann Jóhansson's Deutsche Grammophon debut.
'Orphée'
is available now
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Click here for more Music Critic reviews of Classical Albums.


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'De facto lethargy' in Central African Republic, despite escalating attacks
Efforts are underway to reinvigorate the Central African Republic's political process, which has lapsed into a state of "de facto lethargy" even as horrific attacks against civilians have risen, the senior UN official in the country told the Security Council on Wednesday.
The fears legitimately nurtured by the civilian populations who are still suffering the harmful effects of persistent ceasefire violations […] continue to be reported," said Valentine Rugwabiza, the Secretary-General's Special Representative for the Central African Republic and Head of the UN's peacekeeping mission in the country, known by its French acronym, MINUSCA.
Noting that the mission maintains a frank and constructive dialogue with the CAR Government on human rights, she said it is working with authorities on the ground to adopt preventive measures, combat impunity and rehabilitate victims.
Decade of violence
While CAR had been registering positive steps towards restoring peace and stability, following the adoption of its Joint Road Map for Peace in October 2021, many report that progress is now languishing.
The Road Map was itself an attempt to more fully implement a 2019 peace agreement, known as the Khartoum Accord, which was signed between the Government and 14 non-State armed groups.
CAR has been grappling with conflict since 2012, as fighting between the mostly Christian anti-Balaka militia and the mainly Muslim Séléka rebel coalition killed thousands and left two out of three civilians dependent on humanitarian aid.
Despite the holding of a "republican dialogue" involving several constituent groups in March, recent weeks have seen fresh attacks against civilians by non-State groups, as well as militias affiliated with the Government.
Targeted attacks against humanitarian workers and certain ethnic groups, including the Fulani and the Gbaya, have also been reported.
Remobilizing partners
Briefing the Council on UN efforts to address those violations and accelerate the CAR's political process, the Special Representative said MINUSCA is working to strengthen trust with authorities and re-engage partners.
On 4 June, a Strategic Review Meeting was held with the participation of key partners Angola and Rwanda — as well as the Economic Community of Central African States and others — in an effort to remobilize both the wider region and the global community against violence.
The meeting also resulted in the sovereign decision by the CAR authorities to establish a permanent platform for the strategic review of the political process, Ms. Rugwabiza said.
Staying 'as long as it takes'
Requesting the 15-member Council's unanimous support, she urged the Government to expedite the implementation of recommendations stemming from the recent republican dialogue.
The cessation of hostilities throughout CAR remains both an immediate objective and a gauge of the Joint Roadmap's credibility, she added, underlining the need for "consensual dissuasive measures" against those parties who do not uphold their commitments.
Meanwhile, she pledged MINUSCA's support to the CAR Government "for as long as it takes" to rebuild the capacities needed for more professional defence and security forces.
 Central African Republic: UN reports detail serious violations, some possibly amounting to war crimes and crimes against humanity
 Strategic review meeting of the political process in the Central African Republic | Final communiqué
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Bangui, January 11, 2023 - The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) confirms the arrest, on 10 January 2023 around 4 pm, of two of its staff members (international consultants) of Fren
Special Representative of the Secretary-general wishes peace to Centrafricans
To the people of the Central African Republic, our dear hosts,
Mr. Mohamed Ag Ayoya of Mali - Deputy Special Representative in the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic and Resident Coordinator for the Central African Republic
United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres today announced the appointment of Mohamed Ag Ayoya of Mali as his new Deputy Special Representative for the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) and Resident Coordinator for th


For independent retailer Matt Woods, combining brick-and-mortar expertise with e-commerce innovation was truly a winning idea. After submitting his plan to the 2018 Reimagine Retail program, presented by the National Hardware Show®, Woods received $100,000 to put his idea to combine a virtual walk-through of his business with e-commerce possibilities into action.
As his name was announced as the winner of the second Reimagine Retail program, Woods says he couldn't initially believe it.
As the fanfare settled, Woods knew an idea that had been brewing within his business since early 2017 was finally ready to come to fruition.
After a friend showed Woods a virtual touring program he was using to display homes for sale to prospective buyers, Woods immediately wondered how he could use that technology for Woods Hardware, the business he owns in Cincinnati.
Matt Woods, owner of Woods Hardware, is in the final weeks of implementing an e-commerce project that embraces his brick-and-mortar roots.
A few years ago, Woods Hardware acquired four local hardware stores. The company had an online division, so Woods says working closely with the company's former information technology director was critical.
For other retailers who are looking to integrate e-commerce opportunities into their business, Woods says it's important to be patient when dealing with IT initiatives.
The National Hardware Show is currently on the hunt for 2019 Reimagine Retail finalists. (For more information on this year's Reimagine Retail program, be sure to check out the March 2019 issue of Hardware Retailing.) Woods recommends that retailers learn all they can about the program and, when they submit their business improvement project, believe in the project fully.
"I think the judges could feel the passion behind the idea," he says.
As he prepares to launch the walk-through in early March, Woods is thinking a lot about the day last May when a new avenue for his business was made possible.


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You are here: Home1 / Uncategorized2 / in the game of golf, which of the following
in the game of golf, which of the following
Outing Golf can be exhausting. A Dutch game known as kolven or kolf that was played with a stick and leather ball at least since the 13th century is by most authors seen as the most probable precursor of golf although there is also evidence of a similar game being played in China during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). General Golf Etiquette Hints . If you do work on your golf swing follow-through and if you work on improving it consistently, it will take you as far as you want to maximize your golf game. From golf simulators and smartphone apps to slow-motion video analyzers, there is a seemingly endless array of new software programs designed to help golfers improve their game. Golf swing follow-through is the factor that has held back thousands of golfers. Four Stages in the Evolution of the Golf Ball. Now, with a little help from the aforementioned Tiger Woods and his series of games, they're the norm. A golf club driver is swung and hits a golf ball. Do not yell out following a shot (unless you are yelling "fore"). Follow our lead and set yourself up with the best equipment and get the edge on your golfing buddies. There is one golden rule to keep in mind that states the following: Always Follow Through! A. standing by and hoping to not hit someone in a game of golf after driving a ball too far B. bunting in baseball when the opposing team is down by 12 points C. failing to return a serve in tennis that was clearly out D. failing to call out a score before serving in tennis Golf Swing Tip: How well you finish a shot is a reflection of how good a shot it was. The game relies on the individual to identify and report when he plays outside of the rules — accidental or not. Even if boisterous behavior doesn't bother your playing partners, there are other people on the course who may be within earshot. Hosted by Rod Morri and boasting two of the game's most important voices in co-hosts Mike Clayton and Geoff Shackelford, State of the Game is the go to podcast for untainted and unfiltered analysis of the game at every level. Send your suggestions to james_colgan@golf.com. Golf, a cross-country game in which a player strikes a small ball with various clubs from a series of starting points (teeing grounds) into a series of holes on a course. And most golf cheaters break down into common types: The Eraser; the "I-Would-Have-Made-That-Anyway" line dropper; the Balldropper; the Bumpers, Foot-Wedgers and Hand-Wedgers; the Sandbagger; the Play-By-Their-Own … Elliott Bretland. Consider the following collision problem from the game of golf. The origins of the game are difficult to ascertain, although evidence State of the Game was one of the first golf podcasts to hit the internet and remains one of the most respected. With most golfers you can usually tell whether they have hit a bad shot or not just by watching their follow through. Your hands, arms, legs and hips need to come through the shot together or you won't consistently hit the ball as best you can. We've all encountered people in those situations who, well, cheat. Let's look at essential items that you will need to use to make your training effective: A golf hitting net; Your golf clubs; Golf balls; A golf mat; Impact tape; Step-by-Step Instructions. c, y = 3x - 2 d, y = (4)x Question #2 In her last four games of golf, Maria has had scores of 76, 73, 70, and 67. The Golf Club 2019 features the PGA Tour license which brings a number of real-world Tour courses to the game, including TPC Boston, while the game has a course-editor, too. My game took off after I learned a powerful truth: Hitting 20 smart practice shots helps a lot more than mindlessly banging range balls. A Golf Club Driver Is Swung And Hits A Golf Ball. Golf Peaks is a brilliant example of how to use themes because it communicates much of how the game works to the player before they even start … Whenever you ultimately result in the bunker, make … Seventy-four of the golfers were American and three were Canadian. The tournament took place at Glen Echo Country Club. 5 6 In addition, the claim to the "invention" of golf has also been laid by the French. Beginning Dec. 14, GOLF.com is rolling out a story per day honoring the legendary Arnold Palmer, who died on Sept. 25. A poor golf swing follow through or finish invariably will result in a poor golf shot. Golf equipment encompasses the various items that are used to play the sport of golf. A golf swing follow through like a touring pro. You might not have realised it, but some big clubs are not strictly a part of FIFA 21, the most popular football video game in the world Got an awesome golf game you want to see highlighted by us? 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0 0 2020-12-02 15:10:112020-12-02 15:10:11in the game of golf, which of the following


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Alphabet Reportedly Testing Driverless Truck in California
Zacks December 10, 2018
Alphabet's GOOGL self-driving unit, Waymo, is leaving no stone unturned to bolster presence in the autonomous driving space.
In fact, speculations are rife that the company's driverless semi-truck was allegedly spotted on the roads of Sunnyvale, CA, taking a test ride.
Notably, Waymo in collaboration with Google launched its pilot program for autonomous trucks in the beginning of this year with the intention of providing freight services to the latter.
The latest move of the company gives a glimpse into the execution of its self-driving truck project.
Growing Self-Driving Initiative
Per a report from Grand View Research, the self-driving cars and trucks market is projected to hit 6.7K units in 2020. Further, it is expected to witness a CAGR of 63.1% between 2020 and 2030 in order to reach 4,223K units by 2030.
Alphabet is currently riding on its growing initiatives in this particular market which are likely to aid it in rapidly penetrating this space.
With autonomous truck services, the company intends to explore the opportunities beyond ride hailing services on the back of its robust self-driving technology and artificial intelligence techniques. In truck and freight industry, a driver cost accounts for a large part of the total cost.
Consequently, Waymo autonomous trucks are likely to benefit the industry by cutting down the driver cost.
Recently, Waymo unveiled its first paid self-driving taxi Waymo One in Arizona, putting an end to its long-awaited quest for driverless car services.The latest taxi service of the company will serve the people of Phoenix suburbs namely Chandler, Tempe, Mesa and Gilbert.
Furthermore, the company's efforts toward licensing its technology to automakers for direct selling to customers remains a key catalyst.
In terms of expansion, the company has already placed an order for 62K cars from Fiat Chrysler and is eyeing the European driverless vehicle market.
All these strong endeavours will continue to provide Alphabet a competitive edge against the other tech companies like Apple AAPL, Amazon AMZN and Baidu BIDU which are also firing on all cylinders to reap benefits from this high potential market.
Alphabet Inc. Revenue (TTM)
Alphabet Inc. Revenue (TTM) | Alphabet Inc. Quote
Primary Challenges
Despite the allure and benefits of self-driving technology and vehicles, some inevitable challenges prevail in the market. The foremost problem plaguing this technology is the chance of mishaps on road.
Further, on the launch of Waymo One, it was observed that the car were slow at times even in favorable road conditions. These challenges might affect the success rate of Waymo project.
However, in order to avoid any emergency or untoward incident on road, the company has kept human drivers in the car for safety. This will aid the company in countering the major challenge related to self driving.
Further, the company's strong focus toward innovation will aid it in removing technical hurdles as well.
Currently, Alphabet carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). You can see the complete list of today's Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
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