text:
4 Unique Second Hand Shipping Container Churches
Buildings, Modified Shipping Containers
Second hand shipping containers have been recycled into a wide variety of buildings around the world, from boutique hotels, student accommodation, schools and restaurants – but have you ever considered a church, temple or mosque constructed from shipping containers?
The ease of transport, low cost and versatility of a used shipping container makes the ideal construction component of a church building, be it in inner city Los Angeles, a war zone or even the deep snow of the Antarctic. Here are a few of our favourites.
Houses of Worship that utilise second hand shipping containers
1. Award winning second hand shipping container church in Los Angeles, CA
Source: Core77
The Four Square Church Parsonage was on a tight budget when they were constructing a new church building in 2009. This tight budget led to them using second hand shipping containers as a method of construction and eventually winning an American Institute of Architects design award.
The building is a hybrid of repurposed shipping containers and traditional building methods. These shipping containers are strong, mould proof, fire resistant and above all affordable – making them perfect for the job at hand.
The container section of the church building houses classrooms, accommodation for the live in pastor and a drop in unit for teenagers. Below the container units is a community space that is perfect to host weddings, cultural events and religious celebrations.
2. The Airfield Chapel formerly in Port Stanley, The Falkland Islands
Source: (Mick Baker)rooster on Flickr
In 1982 the Falkland Islands were occupied by the Argentine forces over a long held territorial dispute. The British Military undertook an operation to re assert control over the territory.
A church was "built" at Port Stanley Airfield, and services were lead by Padre P. Sladden, first in a military style canvas 24 x 12 foot tent, and later in a converted military shipping container due to massive leaks in the canvas and the impossible job of keeping power and phone lines working in such a wet and leaky "building".
The second hand shipping containers were modified to include such relative luxuries as insulation, heating and double glazing. The general engineering section cut holes for doors and windows, plywood and insulation were installed on the inside and the entire chapel was painted on military olive drab to match the surroundings. The altar was crafted from offcuts in the military workshops and the chapel cross was manufactured "trench art" style from the shell casing of a piece of Argentine ordinance.
The chapel was officially opened in 1983 where it stayed until being relocated in 1986 to the Royal Airforce Museum in London, where it has resided ever since.
3. The Chilean Chapel of Santa Maria Reina De La Paz, Antarctica
Source: Messy Nessy Chic
While Stanley Island in The Falklands might be cold, nothing gets colder than this church, even further south in Antarctica. The name translates to "Saint Mary, Queen of Peace".
Part of the Chilean Military Base on King George Island it is also home to the largest civilian population in Antarctica. The church has been constructed from modified shipping containers, and placed upon large blocks so that it does not move during snow drifts.
The church's container modifications include: windows, doors, heating and insulation. The church is the southernmost of the Chilean Catholic Church and one of seven religious buildings that are based on the Antarctic continent.
4. MASTER School in Depok, Indonesia
A student praying inside the classroom at MASTER School Source: Leader Post
The school is known as the Masjid Terminal (Terminal's Mosque) School due to its location alongside the Bus Terminal Mosque in Depok, Indonesia. The school was constructed in 2006 entirely from second hand shipping containers and provides education along with religious instruction.
Are you looking for a unique solution to your building requirements?
From churches, temples and mosques, to offices, accommodation and more, second hand shipping containers are an ideal construction material. Cheap, easy to modify and even easier to transport to virtually any location on the planet, these 40 foot building blocks are perfect for almost any use you can imagine.
Contact our team of shipping container experts at Gateway Container Sales & Hire now to discuss how your organisation can utilise a second hand shipping container for your building, storage or transportation requirements.
By Mark FinneganBuildings Modified Shipping Containers
Tags:second hand shipping containers for salesecond hand shipping containerscontainer modifications


A few weeks ago I wrote a blog piece for the 5G world series blog regarding developments towards 5G and the impact on the network architecture.
The basic premise of my article is that the new target performance requirements of the 5G new radio specification will open up new opportunities previously not achievable on a mobile network.
In this article I concentrate on just one of those target specifications which is latency or network delay as per the diagram above and the effect on the network architecture.
As a result of the differing latency requirements for differing applications it essentially kills the idea of the current"one size fits all" mobile network architecture with the fixed locations for Cell tower, Evolved Packet Core, and compute process to cater for the different use cases. The future 5G networks will have to be adaptable, dynamic, and programmable from end-to-end using virtualised constructs.
To read the full post, the original full blog post appears here on the Kinect 365 website.
Still trying to keep the fitness up.
I'm sat in the airport lounge in Ottawa Airport watching the snow fall on the runway and the small army of snow ploughs and trucks keep the path clear. I am hoping that my flight home isn't delayed. This week I have been in Canada for a series of workshops and meetings with the engineering teams in Ciena on the emerging technologies for 5th Generation Mobile or 5G. It has been a very productive week in that regard and the week has been very much a success. It has however been a lean week for training for the Haute Route later this year. With just a few months to go, the training and the fundraising has got to increase.
Last Saturday I joined the Rapha Cycling Club on a great day with a tribute to the Milan San-Remo pro's race by cycling 167km from the London Soho Clubhouse to Hayling Island on the coast. First time this year pushing over the 100mile mark in a single ride and also pushing the climbing total up a little. It was a fantastic day on the bike and a great group to ride with.
But then on Sunday evening, after an emotional day at Church, I was heading out from London Heathrow to Canada. After a careful study of the weather forecast for the week, I decided that the safer course of action for this week was not to bring the bike with me. Temperatures throughout the week of -15deg C and a good amount of snow still on the ground and more falling proved this to be a wise decision. So training this week was confined to a couple of sessions in the pool and a decent spin on the indoor bike in the hotel.
The training will step up a notch next week when I head out with my brother Chris and our mate Andy to get four solid days on the bike in the hills.
In the meantime, I hope this snow eases up a little as I want my flight to leave tonight. Lisa and I are supposed to be Tandem Skydiving tomorrow, a 40th birthday present from my mum. We are not diving tandem together I hasten to add, although the kids have been referring to it as the day we orphan them….


Probably all of you know how to build puzzle. In galery choose the picture, you want to built and hooray to it. If you need to turn puzzle piece, make it by scrolling on mouse or arrow buttons on keyboard.
If you want to start again, just push the Restart button down under the Picture.


Helmets to Hardhats helps military service members successfully transition back into civilian life by offering them the means to secure a quality career in the construction industry.
Why Should I Register with H2H?
There are many excellent reasons for employers to apply to participate in the H2H program.
Helmets to Hardhats maintains a database of over 100k former military career seekers.
We have years of experience helping employers and veterans connect to find the right placement.
The first step is applying for a H2H employer account. Employers associated with our trades can apply now and Helmets to Hardhats will review your application.
List your career opportunities so that our registered veterans can find you. This information is only available to registered Helmets to Hardhats career seekers.
Search our database of member resumes to find the best people for your opportunities.
© 2019 Helmets to Hardhats. This site is operated under contract with the Center for Military Recruitment, Assessment and Veterans' Employment.


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Posted on Saturday, Aug 22, 2020 4:32PM by Robin Varghese
Illustration by Anders Nilsen
Bill McKibben in the New York Review of Books:
So now we have some sense of what it's like: a full-on global-scale crisis, one that disrupts everything. Normal life—shopping for food, holding a wedding, going to work, seeing your parents—shifts dramatically. The world feels different, with every assumption about safety and predictability upended. Will you have a job? Will you die? Will you ever ride a subway again, or take a plane? It's unlike anything we've ever seen.
The upheaval that has been caused by Covid-19 is also very much a harbinger of global warming. Because humans have fundamentally altered the physical workings of planet Earth, this is going to be a century of crises, many of them more dangerous than what we're living through now. The main question is whether we'll be able to hold the rise in temperature to a point where we can, at great expense and suffering, deal with those crises coherently, or whether they will overwhelm the coping abilities of our civilization. The latter is a distinct possibility, as Mark Lynas's new book, Our Final Warning, makes painfully clear.
Lynas is a British journalist and activist, and in 2007, in the run-up to the Copenhagen climate conference, he published a book titled Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet. His new volume echoes that earlier work, which was by no means cheerful. But because scientists have spent the last decade dramatically increasing understanding of the Earth's systems, and because our societies wasted that decade by pouring ever more carbon into the atmosphere, this book—impeccably sourced and careful to hew to the wide body of published research—is far, far darker.
The Enigma of Gloom: On George Scialabba's "How To Be Depressed"
"Savings Glut" Fables and International Trade Theory: An Autopsy
"For sheer elegance, wit and worldly wisdom when it comes to reading, editing, presenting the real news of the world... for liveliness, cosmopolitanism, range of scientific, philosophical, and literary curiosity in harvesting big and provocative ideas... for consistency of character and manners, ever above the ordinary... 3 Quarks stands alone. If 3 Quarks Daily were a person, wouldn't it be Proust?"
—Christopher Lydon, host of the excellent show "Open Source" on National Public Radio, author, media personality.
"I look at your site every day. It's where the two cultures meet."
—Suketu Mehta, author of Pulitzer Prize finalist Maximum City, winner of the O. Henry Prize, and frequent contributor to various newspapers and magazines.
"It is a great honor to be mentioned in one of my two ONLY portals to the internet—and the world, since I do not read newspapers. My discipline, to avoid drowning in information, is not to cruise the web outside of these two points. I tried many sites; yours has CHARM."
—Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of Fooled by Randomness and The Black Swan. [The other site NNT is referring to is the excellent Arts & Letters Daily.]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The deadline to receive a refund for an individual ticket is 3 business days (72 hours) before the day of the event. Refunds requested after March 16, 2019 will be denied. Tickets purchased after March 16, 2019 are non-refundable.


J2EE is simply an umbrella name for a series of Java technologies that enable the development of large-scale, web based, enterprise-sized applications. Knowing the APIs, and being able to use them effectively, are completely different. This course not only details the APIs, but also gets into theory, good practices and real-world gotchas of J2EE and EJB development. It also emphasizes the OO of EJB development to help you get the best reusability, maintainability and all of the other promises that OO has to offer. If you want to leverage EJB, XML, JSP, Servlets in your development projects, then this is the course for you. This is a very intensive introduction to J2EE. There is a lot of material covered in this course. At the end of this course, you will be able to use the power of J2EE to write practical, large-scale, distributed, web based Java applications.
Prerequisites: As this is a very full and advanced course, students must be very comfortable with the basics of the Java language.
J2EE, why do we need it?


text:
Bacchus Imports, Ltd. v. Dias
Citation. 22 Ill.468 U.S. 263, 104 S. Ct. 3049, 82 L. Ed. 2d 200 (1984)
Citation22 Ill.468 U.S. 263, 104 S. Ct. 3049, 82 L. Ed. 2d 200 (1984)
Brief Fact Summary. Hawaii had a 20% liquor taxed but exempted from the tax certain locally produced alcoholic beverages. Bacchus Imports distributed liquor products and had to pay the 20% excise tax.
Synopsis of Rule of Law. No State may impose a tax which discriminates against interstate commerce by providing a direct commercial advantage to local business. The Twenty-first Amendment does not entirely remove state regulation of alcoholic beverages from the ambit of the Commerce Clause.
No State, consistent with the Commerce Clause, may impose a tax which discriminates against interstate commerce by providing a direct commercial advantage to local business.
Facts. In 1939 Hawaii imposed a tax on liquor to pay for police and other governmental services that the Hawaii legislature concluded had been increased due to the consumption of liquor. At its inception the tax did not exempt local liquor, but subsequently the legislature wanted to encourage development of the Hawaiian liquor industry so it enacted exemptions for several liquors produced locally. Liquor wholesalers that paid the 20% excise tax sued to recover all the taxes paid, arguing that the Hawaii liquor tax was in violation of both the Import-Export Clause and the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. They requested a refund of approximately $45 million.
Issue. There were two issues:
Did Hawaii Liquor Tax exemption violate the Commerce Clause because it had the purpose and effect of discriminating in favor of local products?
Could the Twenty-first Amendment save the statute?
Held. (Justice White) The tax exemptions did violate the Commerce Clause and the Twenty-first Amendment could not save them. The judgment of the Supreme Court of Hawaii was reversed and the case was remanded for further proceedings.
The tax exemption clearly discriminated on its face against interstate commerce by bestowing a commercial advantage to local products. The purpose of the tax was undisputedly aimed at aiding the Hawaiian industry, and the discriminatory effect was obvious.
The Twenty-first Amendment did not entirely remove state regulation of alcoholic beverages from the ambit of the Commerce Clause. The central purpose could not have been to allow States to favor local liquor industries by erecting barriers to competition. The State does not seek to justify its tax by arguing that it was designed to carry out any purpose of the Twenty-first Amendment, but instead acknowledges that the purpose was to promote the local industry.
Dissent. Justice Stevens, Rehnquist and O'Connor.
The Twenty-First Amendment squarely foreclosed the wholesalers' Commerce Clause claim. The Amendment authorized states to place a burden on intoxicating liquors that were imported into the state and to not impose a tax on liquors that were produced locally. Young's Market, a case that was decided in 1936, upheld a California statute imposing a similar tax and noted that the statue would have been unconstitutional prior to the Twenty-First Amendment.
Hawaii may constitutionally prohibit the importation of all intoxicating liquors. It could do so without prohibiting the sale of local liquor. If the State has the constitutional power to create a total local monopoly, it may also engage in a less extreme form of discrimination by merely providing a special benefit in the form of a subsidy or tax exemption for locally produced alcoholic beverages.
The majority is taking a completely novel approach by saying that state laws favoring local liquor industries are not entitled to the same deference as laws enacted to combat the perceived evils of unrestricted traffic in liquor.
Discussion. The strongest basis for challenging a tax that would impact interstate commerce is the Commerce Clause. When evaluating such a tax, it is important to determine how much the legislature is discriminating against interstate commerce with its tax, and whether the legislature could gain similar revenue in a less discriminatory manner.


text:
Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach
Melissa D Bauman, Cynthia Schumann
Given the prevalence and societal impact of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is an urgent need to develop innovative treatments that will improve core social deficits, for which there is currently no reliable pharmacological treatment, prevention or cure. Development of novel biological interventions will depend upon the successful translation of basic neuroscience research into safe and effective medicines. This article outlines steps to bring neuroscience research from 'the bench to treatment at 'bedside, from phenotyping the disorder to animal models to patient treatment. Although these steps appear simplistic, this is a daunting challenge because of the inherent complexity of the human brain, our lack of understanding of disease neurobiology underlying ASD, and the incredible heterogeneity of the disorder. For ASD, perhaps more than any other neurological or psychiatric disorder, progress will depend on integrative multidisciplinary approaches between basic scientists from varying neuroscience disciplines and clinicians to make 'bench to bedside treatment a reality.
https://doi.org/10.2217/npy.13.18
Bauman, M. D., & Schumann, C. (2013). Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach. Neuropsychiatry, 3(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.2217/npy.13.18
Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach. / Bauman, Melissa D; Schumann, Cynthia.
In: Neuropsychiatry, Vol. 3, No. 2, 04.2013, p. 159-168.
Bauman, MD & Schumann, C 2013, 'Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach', Neuropsychiatry, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 159-168. https://doi.org/10.2217/npy.13.18
Bauman MD, Schumann C. Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach. Neuropsychiatry. 2013 Apr;3(2):159-168. https://doi.org/10.2217/npy.13.18
Bauman, Melissa D ; Schumann, Cynthia. / Is 'bench-to-bedside realistic for autism? An integrative neuroscience approach. In: Neuropsychiatry. 2013 ; Vol. 3, No. 2. pp. 159-168.
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text:
Board index ‹ Services ‹ Pest Control, Exterminators
Putting bedbugs to bed forever
by smix » Thu Dec 25, 2014 4:19 pm
URL: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20 ... 103113.htm
Category: healthNews
Published: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 10:31:13 EST
Description: A team of scientists has found a way to conquer the global bedbug epidemic. By lending their own arms for thousands of bed bug bites, they have finally found the solution -- a set of chemical attractants, or pheromones, that lure the bedbugs into traps, and keep them there. The world owes a debt of gratitude to Simon Fraser University biologist Regine Gries. Her arms have provided a blood meal for more than a thousand bedbugs each week for five years while she and her husband, biology professor Gerhard Gries, searched for a way to conquer the global bedbug epidemic. Working with SFU chemist Robert Britton and a team of students, they have finally found the solution--a set of chemical attractants, or pheromones, that lure the bedbugs into traps, and keep them there. This month, after a series of successful trials in bedbug-infested apartments in Metro Vancouver, they have published their research, "Bedbug aggregation pheromone finally identified," in Angewandte Chemie, a general chemistry journal. They're working with Victoria-based Contech Enterprises Inc. to develop the first effective and affordable bait and trap for detecting and monitoring bedbug infestations. They expect it to be commercially available next year. "The biggest challenge in dealing with bedbugs is to detect the infestation at an early stage," says Gerhard, who holds an NSERC-Industrial Research Chair in Multimodal Animal Communication Ecology. "This trap will help landlords, tenants, and pest-control professionals determine whether premises have a bedbug problem, so that they can treat it quickly. It will also be useful for monitoring the treatment's effectiveness." It's a solution the world has been waiting for. Over the last two decades the common bedbug (Cimex lectularius), once thought eradicated in industrialized countries, has reappeared as a global scourge. These nasty insects are infesting not just low-income housing but also expensive hotels and apartments, and public venues such as stores, movie theatres, libraries and even public transit. And while these blood-sucking pests were previously not considered a carrier of disease, scientists have recently discovered they can transmit the pathogen that causes Chagas disease, which is prevalent in Central and South America. Yet until now, tools for detecting and monitoring these pests have been expensive and technically challenging to use. The research was funded with a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada industry grant in partnership with Contech Enterprises Inc.
smix
Posts: 2118857
The Pandemic Is Changing Hollywood, Maybe Forever
by smix » Sun Nov 29, 2020 10:57 pm in Politics News
SARS-CoV-2 Has Not Been Proven to Exist; I Can Do This Forever
by smix » Fri Dec 18, 2020 11:58 pm in Politics News
Charlamagne Tha God: Biden Should 'Shut The Eff Up Forever'
by smix » Sat Jul 25, 2020 5:28 pm in Politics News
Moderna CEO says 'we are going to have to live with coronavirus forever'
by smix » Thu Jan 14, 2021 10:55 pm in Health News
20 Ways 2020 Changed How We Use Technology Forever
by smix » Sun Oct 25, 2020 4:19 am in Technology News
How Democrats Plan To Control New York Forever
by smix » Tue Dec 01, 2020 11:09 pm in Politics News
Why The Left Needs Us All To Believe The United States Is Racist Forever
by smix » Sun Oct 18, 2020 2:25 am in Politics News
Coronavirus will be with us forever, Sage scientist warns
by smix » Mon Aug 24, 2020 3:41 am in Health News
Charlamagne Tha God to Biden: 'Shut the Eff Up Forever' About Racism
by smix » Sat Jul 25, 2020 1:07 am in Politics News
VIDEO: Over 5K Apply to Become Oklahoma Boy's Forever Family
by smix » Sun Aug 16, 2020 3:26 pm in Politics News
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text:
HomeNewsAppleFind Out Why iPhones Are So Expensive?
Find Out Why iPhones Are So Expensive?
- Last Updated: May 25, 2021
Why iPhones Are So Expensive? Let us look at the characteristics of iPhones that make them stand out and make them more expensive than other smartphones.
What makes Apple's iPhones so costly? What is it about the iPhone that makes it stand out from other smartphones? Is the price of an iPhone solely due to the camera's quality? The average Android user has a lot of questions. Today, we'll discuss the features of the iPhone that set it apart from other smartphones and make it more costly.
5 Reasons Why iPhones Are So Expensive?
1. The iPhone comes with a lot of safety options.
2. In secrecy, Apple was still careful.
3. An iPhone cannot be spied on by a third-party app.
4. The iPhone adheres to stringent protection guidelines.
5. iPhone permissions are restricted.
Because of its privacy aspect, the iPhone is more popular. In iPhones, confidential data is protected uniquely. Hacking any Apple product is incredibly difficult. On iPhone, no new or unknown apps can be downloaded. The App Store is said to have more protections than the Google Play Store.
On businesses creating apps, iOS 14 has been even harder. Any app would have to share the use of user data with Apple for the first time. This is to say, where and when the data of the user is included in each app.
If you think the iPhone is pricey because of the features mentioned above, the list gets much longer. No third-party software can secretly monitor the camera and microphone. Few people are aware that certain applications, such as Facebook (Facebook) and Google (Google), capture data from your phone's camera and microphone without your knowledge. The icon on the front of the iPhone starts flashing if an app mistakenly uses your camera or microphone.
Any app on Apple's platform is thoroughly examined. Before being accepted into the App Store, any app must pass stringent security tests. This is why you might have read less about fraud news from the iPhone app.
Apple pointed out that the App Store would not allow any application to accept data without the user's consent. In addition, consumers won't be allowed access to the items checked online.
Currently, the technology battle is taking place between Android phones and iPhones, with iPhones being costly compared to Android devices. We scanned hundreds of web pages and asked several technology executives why Apple is costly. This article examines whether an iPhone with almost equal features with other Android smartphones is so pricey.
In his recent interview, Tim Cook has recognized that iPhone is a high-end commodity, and a large-scale budget unit, that cannot be afforded in each hand. Nevertheless, what makes iPhones so costly. If you have read extensive material, you will address why iPhones are more costly than Android and the main areas that make them costly for competitors. iPhone is one of Apple. inc's luxury products that any iPhone enthusiast wishes, but it is costly and does not bother much.
Why iPhones Are So Costly?
Why iPhones Are So Expensive?
iPhone 15 Coming With New Curved Edges Design: Reports
Apple Launched a New HomePod (2023) with Improve Audio Quality
Grab This Amazing Deal From Apple: Get Up To Rs 10,000 Discount...
iPhone 15 Series Price Leak: How Much Should You Expect To Pay...
Apple Launched MacBook M2 Pro and M2 Max Models For 2023:...


Budget is one of the world's largest and best-known car rental brands with approximately 3,350 locations in more than 120 countries. An industry leader in providing vehicle rental services to value-conscious travellers as well as operating the second-largest truck rental business in the United States, through a network of approximately 1,650 locations. Budget is owned by Avis Budget Group, Inc.


text:
The United Service for New Americans (USNA) was an aid organization founded in 1946 to help Jewish refugees from Europe, survivors from the camps and the war who often were the sole survivors from their families. The organization was the result of the merger of the National Refugee Service and the Service to Foreign Born Department of the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW). Two leaders in the formation of the new organization were Edwin Rosenberg, who became its first president, and Katharine Engel (Mrs. Irving M. Engel), of the NCJW, who became the first chair of the board of directors. In 1949 a separate branch was started to deal with immigration through New York, the New York Association for New Americans (NYANA). In 1954 the national organization merged with the  Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) and the migration services of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee in forming the United HIAS Service, while the NYANA remained an independent organization.

References

External links
 Guide to the United Service for New Americans Records at the American Jewish Historical Society, New York.

1946 establishments in the United States
Immigrant services organizations
Migration-related organizations based in the United States
Jewish refugee aid organizations
Refugee aid organizations in the United States

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Waiting on Wednesday is a weekly feature of the Breaking the Spine blog. It's a great way to share information about forthcoming books with other readers. Today I'm featuring November 9, the forthcoming novel from author Colleen Hoover.
Frombarnesandnoble.com: Beloved #1 New York Times bestselling author Colleen Hoover returns with an unforgettable love story between a writer and his unexpected muse.


Moms deserve a reason to treat themselves! This Mother's Day manicure gift idea is a perfect Mother's Day gift idea for moms who want to treat themselves, but can't get to the salon. Use Color Street nails and these gift envelopes to create the perfect Mother's Day manicure gift!
Diy Furniture : Wow! This transformation is amazing!


I guess I should start at the beginning. I'm taking care of my friend R.'s bunny. His name is Apolo and he's the greatest bunny in the world, in my completely objective and humble opinion. 🙂 But this isn't a story about Apolo, although I guess one could say that he indirectly caused all of the commotion.
Or maybe we should blame R.'s boyfriend, because he is allergic to sawdust so R. uses newspaper in Apolo's cage. It's a good idea, because it makes way less mess than sawdust. The only disadvantage is you have to cut up newspaper for Apolo's "litter box" that goes in his cage. Yes, this bunny knows to only use his litter box. He's so smart. Because of all this, I have a big plastic bag full of cut up newspapers that I keep between the fridge and the counter in the kitchen.
It gets cold in Santiago this time of year and I wanted to make a cup of tea, so I guess this could all be my fault. I had the cup of tea all ready minus the sugar when I realized the sugar bowl was empty. I set the cup of tea down to refill the sugar bowl. There wasn't quite enough room on the counter, so I tried to slide the cup of tea over with the sugar bowl (I was holding both the sugar bowl and the bag of sugar). Of course, the cup of tea tumbled over and spilled all over my bag of cut up newspaper (that I had spent all afternoon yesterday cutting). I tried to salvage what I could of the newspaper and put it in another bag.
Meanwhile, Charlie thought the tea-soaked bag would be a fun toy.
When I snapped this picture, it somehow startled him and he took off flying, bag and all. I thought it was funny, and since I had the camera in my hand, I started to video it. Little did I know, poor Charlie had the bag stuck on his head! His head had gone through one of the handles.
Sorry for my kitty voice. I know it's annoying but I can't help it. Also, that's Mike Birbiglia in the background from this week's episode of This American Life.
Charlie is totally fine. I just scooped him up, brought him to the kitchen and snipped off the bag. He was a bit embarrassed after, but he's already over it.
a) Apolo's, because it was newspaper for his cage.
c) Mine, for wanting the cup of tea and then spilling the cup of tea, then startling Charlie with the camera.
But really, take away one of the actors, and none of it would have happened.
This entry was tagged tea. Bookmark the permalink.


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Professions gameplay thread
GuilhermeSalles replied to GuilhermeSalles's topic in Race & Professions
World vs World vs World PvP i guess. There aren't a lot of dungeons in the game, and the pvp is the focus of the game anyways, so i think it will be WvWvW all the way
Guild Wars 2 - Quick Introduction
GuilhermeSalles posted a topic in Guild Wars 2 Discussion
Guild Wars 2 History and curiosities: Guild Wars 2 takes place in the world called Tyria, 250 years after the defeat of the Great Destroyer in the Eye of the North expansion. Five Dragons awoke from their sleep. Elders from the time of Guild Wars, causing widespread destruction in Tyria and corrupting its inhabitants. Human beings, who once dominated Tyria, are in decline, driven from their land by natural disasters and war with the Charr race, who had finally recovered from the last vestiges of their ancestral homeland, Ascalon, which was dominated by humans. To the north, the Norn are a race of hunters that were forced to go south by the rise of Jormag, and west, the Asuras, technologically advanced have been forced to establish permanent homes above the ground after the children of the first dragon awoke , Primordus, took control of the Depths of Tyria. Near the forest where the Asura make their home are the Sylvari, a new breed that appeared in Tyria in the last 25 years, were not affected by the problems that afflicted other breeds. To the south, the continent of Cantha was cut by a xenophobic climate and political isolation, which is reinforced by the Navy Zhaitan undead. Elona, too, was cut, the only hint of its prosperity remained the ongoing battle between Mordant Crescent Palawa Joko Kralkatorrik Desert and Crystal, as well as occasional reports of spies called the Order of Whispers. The Battle of the Islands were entirely swept away by the tsunami caused by the re-rise of the Kingdom of Orr, who came in the wake of Zhaitan. The breakthrough time of Guild Wars is reflected in changes in culture, including armor and clothing as well as the advancement of technology in-game and a common unified language. In Guild Wars 2, you will make their own history, with a function in-game, which will record what you do in the game, creating your own story, also based on the options you chose when creating the character. Also, most of the NPCs have voice acting, creating immersion to the story. Classes and unique mechanics of the game: Guild Wars 2 is not a traditional MMO, because he promised to end the Holy Trinity, that is Healer, Tank, DPS. Each class has its own heal, which will be the button 6 on your skill bar. If my life is down, and I want to increase it, I use my skill 6, a thief at its maximum level, has 2 options of healing, but I can only choose one to ''equipâ€, one of the skills rolls back and heal, the other he will be invisible for a period of time and will heal, and it is clear that each class has its unique healing options. The game works just like Wow, it's an MMO Hotkey, you do not select the character or monster that wants to attack him and use your skills, you can approach it using the WASD keys and uses your skills, if the model of your character collides with the model of your enemy, the damage is done, but the biggest change in Guild Wars is that you can hit multiple enemies with your normal attacks and skills, which is unique and every character, regardless of their class / race has a button Dodge, which gives you a roll, you spend your stamina bar, letting you get away from attacks, if used correctly, can change the path of battle in your favor, without great effort. You have 10 skills you can use, which are mapped from 1 to 0. Here are 10 buttons on the left and your first button there is a switch button, which changes its set of weapons you're using. If you focus only the buttons 1-5 at the time. His skills on that side will be divided as follows: Buttons 1-3: Defined by your Main Hand Buttons 4-5: Defined by your Main Hand + your off-hand Imagine that I am an Archer, and I'm shooting arrows at you, a warrior who can deal me great damage due to my low defense, so you decide to get closer to hit me, I just change my gun for my sword, which would be my secondary set, yes I'm an archer, but if I use my sword enough to unlock my 5 skills, I can use a sword with no problem, if done correctly, I can take you down and come out victorious. Now let us focus on the buttons of 6-0: Button 6: Healing, as it has already been said. Button 7-9: Utilities, I will go into details later 0 button: Your Elite Skill, a Warrior for example can charge up his adrenaline, when it is full, you can use your skill 0, which will do more damage than the others, obviously. Utilities: Each profession has utilities that will be earned as you play, an engineer at level 65 has nine different utilities, one being a flamethrower, or when I activate this utility, all my skills on the skill bar will change, and I will get a flamethrower. If in doubt, check the skill tool at the end of the post, which will let you select your character's abilities. Professions: Elementalist: An academic profession, focusing on magic based damage and classical elements. The Mechanics of the elemental characteristics are "synchronizationsâ€. Using the buttons F1 through F4 will change the element you are currently using, which itself will change depending on the weapon you're using. Ground focuses on defense skills, fire focus on AoE damage, Water focuses on healing and traps and air focuses on dealing damage to single targets. Main Hand: Dagger, staff and staff. Off-Hand: Dagger and Focus. Trait paths: Arcane (resistance, vitality, precision and power) and there is a trait line for each element that can be used. Warrior: A professional soldier. Uses fine arms and long distance with ranged weapons being more focused on various types of direct damage, and melee weapons covering a variety of roles. You can also use shouts, stances and banners, which give extra attributes (buffs) for his allies and himself. Your adrenaline is mechanical only, which accumulates as you attack, increasing the damage of skills, and providing a special ability when it is high enough. Two hands: Hammer (AoE + CC), Greatsword (AoE + Leap), Longbow (AoE fire damage), Rifle. Main Hand: Mace (Stun + Debuff) Sword (Leap + Bleeds), Axe (Greater adrenaline) Off-Hand: Shields Paths Traits: Power (improvements in vitality, reduction and improvements in stun time) and Tactics (defensive buffs, such as improvements in armor, faster exchange of wwapon, and longer AoE buffs. Archer: An adventurous profession. You can use a variety of melee weapons and ranged weapons with which covers a variety of roles and skills being melee focused around rapid movement and defense. You can also use traps and spirits to defend the region, or the influence of an area. Only its mechanics is based on animal companions, which can be equipped with a number of different skills for different functions depending on the type of pet. Paths Traits: Wilderness Survival (Strength, vitality, precision and power improved) and Beast Mastery (Buffs for your pet, such as running speed, reload time and regeneration of HP) Two hands: Greatsword, Longbow, Shortbow. Main Hand: Axe and Sword. Off-Hand: Axe, dagger, Warhorn and torch. Necromancer: A scholar profession, based on the manipulation of death. It has a range of skills to steal life, summon minions, and a variety of support skills, and some that give direct damage. His unique is the original Life Force, which accumulates as deaths occur near the necromancer. Life force is used to sustain a state of "certain death", that exchanges part of the skill bar of the necromancer, the Necromancer Health Points become Life Force. Paths traits: Soul reaper (improvements in power, precision and resistance), Rituals of Blood (regeneration, increases damage of sacrifices and lowers the duration of conditions) and Minion Mastery (More minions, stronger minions, etc.). Two hands: Rod Main Hand: Staff, axe and dagger. Off-Hand: Focus, warhorn and dagger. Guardian: The second soldier profession. Uses Virtue (virtue) (divided into three categories: Courage, Determination and Justice) to aid allies in battle, or use their own skills and passive skills. You can also create areas that prevent the enemy to get closer, areas to heal allies and damage his enemies at the same time. Paths Traits: Honor (improves power, endurance, strength and vitality) and Value (Reduces skill recharge of Virtue, lowers the duration of debuffs and gives special effects) Two hands: Mace, sword and stick. Main Hand: Mace, sword and staff. Off-Hand: Focus, shield and torch. Thief: An adventurous profession. You can use both distance and meele wepons. Uses shadow stepping, traps and invisibility in combat. The thief is based on iniciative, rather than having cooldowns (recharge time of skills), which will consume them as using skills, and recharges once per second. The thief can also steal an item from an enemy or scenario and use it as an improvised weapon, which has been said that it is important to play as a Thief, because it gives you one skill, depending on which weapon you steal. Main Hand: Dagger, pistol, sword, shortbow. Off-Hand: Dagger and pistol. Engineer: An adventurous profession. Uses weapons, both handguns and rifles, as well as a series of technological accessories for the attack, healing and control. They can place towers (Sentries) on the battlefield, equip kits that allow them to use mines, grenades, tools and medicines, and equip new weapons in their hands using kits weapons like flamethrower or even guns. Just like the Archer, the engineer can also set traps on the floor. Paths traits: Inventions (improves power, endurance, strength and vitality), Explosives (Improves damage with explosives), Gadgets (Improves damage with gadgets) and Turrets (Improves damage with turrets) Two hands: Rifle Main Hand: Pistol Off-Hand: Pistol and shield. Mesmer: It is an academic profession that uses illusions and mind control. Mesmers can confuse your enemies with damage to clone and Phantasms, shattering these illusions when least expected to leave the enemy confused. Each type of break illusions give a different effect, which is Mind Wrack (AoE damage where the illusion was destroyed), Cry of Frustration (confuses nearby enemies), Diversion (Applies to stun nearby enemies), and Reflection (Gives the same barrier that reflects projectiles). It has already been tipped to be the class more difficult and complex to use. Two hands: Staff and Greatsword. Main Hand: Sword and scepter. Off-Hand: Focus, pistol, wand, sword and torch. Races (I tried to keep as simple as possible, not to take all the time): Asura: The Asura are a small breed, large ears that were forced to go to the surface by the increased threat of Destroyer. They are the creators and controllers of Golems and the Asura Gates. They have little respect for other races, seeing themselves better than others because of his intellect. Charr: The feline Charr are a race of savage creatures that once dominated the eastern side of the Mountains Shiverpeak. They fought all they could - including themselves. Eventually, the Charr have come together under a single leader, the Khan-Ur. The Charr have been in war with the Humans for a long time now. Human: Human beings are the species most spread and influential in the world of Tyria. They are scattered all over the world of Tyria, including Cantha and Elona, although it is implied that they live further south than Cantha, which is where they may have originated. Wherever they originated, humans are not native to this world, they were brought into the world of Tyria by the Six Gods of Tyria. Norn: The Norn are a race with a highly independent company focused on hunting, while maintaining strength and dexterity in combat above all else. For a Norn, the greatest shame is not to die in battle, like Vikings, as well as not having the tale of his life, especially death, told to others. Due to their independence, the Norn are hardly seen in large groups, with the exception of holidays, the big cities or large group games. Sylvari: They're are a young and curious race of humanoids, which are born from the tree called the Pale Tree that was planted by Ronan, a soldier who lost his army, and was looking for them. Ronan found the seeds, and he got intrigued because he did not know them, and decided to plant them, the tree, grown a little, it was found by a Centaur named Ventari, who took care of the tree because he didn't know it as well. All this led to the first sylvari born and the race to start. Professions: Weaponsmith: Creates weapons such as swords, axes and hammers. Hunter: Creates weapons such as bows and guns, and torches and loud. Maker: Creates craft magical weapons as staves and scepters. Armorsmith: Creates pieces of heavy armor. Leatherworker: Creates medium armor pieces, using Leather. Tailor: Creates pieces of light armor. Jewelsmith: Creates jewelry such as rings and necklaces. Cook: Prepares food for the characters eat that can give you bonuses in battle, extra attributes, etc.. Player Vs. Player: There will be two types of PvP available in Guild Wars 2, World PvP (World PvP) PvP and Structured (Structured PvP). World PvP (WvWvW): World PvP will allow you to play characters of any level, using the skills you have in your possession at that particular moment. The difference in level will be tempered by a leveling system designed to provide a connection point between your character in the real world and WvWvW. It will be in a much larger scale than the original Guild Wars great battles that take place over a long period with people coming and going. The battle has been compared to an RTS and will have a number of different objectives that can be met, such as taking guard towers or defending points, or participate in a larger battle to make a castle. To try to explain it is like if you come on a different server, where nothing is equal to the PvE server, and all the players connected to that server to fight each other to achieve a goal. The goals you win in this mode will affect PvE server one way or another, such as improved drop rates, increased regeneration of HP and other bonuses. Structured PvP: Structured PvP is similar to GvG (Guild vs. Guild) Guild Wars and similar to the original World of Warcraft Battlegrounds, when entering the Structured PvP, it puts you on hold and you expects the number of players required for the game, when everything starts, you enter the map not with your armor and weapon you use in PvE, but with armor equal level for all players and all possible weapons for your class to use then you build your character there, with all the skils unlocked with no problems, it has been said that you can level only in PvP, you don`t even need to do PvE if you don`t want. The map revealed so far are three points to be captured, with catapults around the map, the player can use to gain advantage over a point , not to mention the scenery is destructible. Dynamic Events: Guild Wars 2 will use a very different system of quests. Instead of just using the standard green exclamation point above the head of an NPC to mark a possible misson, Guild Wars 2 will use a new system. In this system, events will occur with or without the presence of the player, and if a player happens to be present at the event, then the player can complete the event, participating in it, and the result of the event changes his story and the history of world, it may lead to a much larger chain of events leading to waking up a sleeping evil and destroy an entire city, or you are greeted by the family who helped you and this family became very close friend, etc.. Three examples are provided to illustrate how this system can work. The first example shows the arrival of a dragon near a particular city or town. Players in the vicinity of that city or village may choose to fight the dragon. If successful, the dragon can fly away or die, and the players involved are rewarded by the village elder, if the players fail, the dragon destroys a vital bridge to the village. At that time, the villagers try to build a new bridge, and players can help them by cutting a group of thugs who see the opportunity to attack. In the second example, if a player passes near a garrison when a reconnaissance team returns, they can hear the warning that a group of centaurs with the intent to destroy the garrison is coming. Players can then participate in the defense of the garrison attacking the centaurs. If players are successful, the garrison can ask them to participate in a counterattack. If they are unsuccessful, or if they were in garrison in time to save the garrison, they can join other soldiers from a nearby town trying to recapture the trim, or just let it go and that garrison is unoccupied or controlled by the centaurs. The third example involves a player walking down a familiar road, but this time they spot a caravan traveling along the road. They can choose to travel with the caravan, and defend it from roving bandits, or not. These events may overlap. For example, you will be asked to escort the caravan to the garrison. But when you arrive you discover that the trim is being attacked by centaurs. The two events may have nothing to do with each other, but in order to receive the rewards to escort the caravan, you would have to trim away the centaurs, resulting in what you are doing two events at once. The game also does not give you a single goal, if you have to help rebuild a city, you can pick up objects from the floor, build a wall, or just kill the rats that are pestering workers, which leaves the game Additional non-linearity. Cross-Profession combos: Another system that makes PvP much more interesting is the combos. Classes can combine skills to make another one and giving allies buffs, or giving enemies debuffs, or extra damage. Give an example based on ArenaNet's changelog: 1: An elementalist freezes the ground, creating an area that gives damage to enemies 2: A Warrior stomps the ground 3: The result is that the Elementalist's ability goes away, but the whole party gets a buff that increases ice resistance. Arena net image: http://www.arena.net...ssion-combo.jpg Underwater Gameplay: Developers say that the creation of the underwater continents is one thing that is delaying the game. The teaser trailer shows scenes of an underwater area with creatures and players swimming. The developers claim that the ability to breathe underwater is allocated through a respirator put on your face. A standard respirator will be given to the player, but other versions can be obtained. The game mechanics also change when you are underwater. Usually the Guardian's ability to create a ring on the floor and heal allies while giving damage to enemies, now make a drum, creating an area in 3D has the same effect. His ability to escape will also change, doubling the directions you can go, increasing the strategy you have to take during a fight. Imagine a World PvP fight underwater and tell me if it is not exciting. Classes will also have unique weapons that can only be used underwater, later on I will be adding them. Source: http://wiki.guildwar...ki/Guild_Wars_2 http://en.wikipedia....ki/Guild_Wars_2 http://www.guildwars2.com/en/ I`ve originally wrote this post to a fighting games community, they asked me, so I wrote It in Portuguese, my main language, then I used Babylon to translate the post, saving me some time, please point out any typos or mistakes. Videos: PvE: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ttfOuxB6Gc Charr Warrior Pt.1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnVGEYGE8hs Charr Warrior Pt.2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfE_Xu9H1Bw sylvari Necromancer Pt 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83_Ei14H6Ag sylvari Necromancer Pt.2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-healkDctCw Asura Guardian Pt.1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWAlT8XpGG4 Asura Guardian Pt.2 PvP (lvl 65): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJC28DUQcZn Norn Thief http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8rv7_JD5Ic Norn Elementalist http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvHV7HB2BDc Ranger Norn and Asura Engineer Gameplay removed from Gamescom, recorded and narrated by TotalBiscuit.(Http://www.youtube.com/TotalHalibut) If you want to go into detail about something, or have questions, send me a message through the forum to exchange contact information.
GuilhermeSalles replied to Excelle's topic in Race & Professions
We don't know it yet, but there are multiple ways to become stealthed, so there is no problem, go to the skill tool, select Two daggers, you'll see it.
With the latest patch, backstab has been changed, so it can only be done on stealth, steath will be the key for the thief, they are planning this since a long time ago and i think they made it.
Not much of Creative in this one, but here it goes.
GuilhermeSalles posted a topic in Creatives
I've just created this thread here to show the avatar i made, i luckily found a .png image of a Thief with no background, so i made this. Hope everyone likes it.
Thief.. Human or Sylvari?
I went and rewatched some Sylvari Necromancer gameplay, and it's ok i guess, they look pretty cool, even in combat, i kinda like it.
GuilhermeSalles posted a topic in Race & Professions
Here you can post gameplay that explains a little bit how the professions are gonna work, to introduce some people to that professions' mechanics. PvE: PvP ( Level around 65): Gameplay above was done by TotalBiscuit ( http://www.youtube.com/totalhalibut ) and it's from Gamescom, if anyone has newer gameplay, post here please.
I've checked on Gw2fans.com, on the forums they said that in PvP, all the hitboxes are the same, and i'm preety sure the speeds are the same too, so i went with Sylvari Thief, cause they look more awesome than Human I've built my Skill tree already, but since i don't have much understanding about the stats in-game, i didn't know if i should put traits in Power, precision or toughness, i got confused lol
So.. thief is a class that relies on mobility, agility, and all that, so i automatically excluded Charr, Norn and Asura. Which left me with Sylvari or Human... On Sylvari i really liked Grasping Roots, which lets me immobilize an enemy, but on Human i haven't seen so many good Racial Skills, and i don't know if there's any mobility changes between the two. Can you help Me? D:
Hi, nice to meet you.
GuilhermeSalles posted a topic in Introductions
I'm new to the Guild Wars world, but I have studied quite a lot about the background and about the gameplay because I'm so excited to play. I'm actually from Brazil, but I speak English fluently since 13 years old, now i'm 16yo. Hope i meet a lot of cool people here and in-game.
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text:
Benedict on Judaism and Christianity
Did the New Covenant replace the Old Covenant, making the Jews irrelevant? The pope emeritus, for one, believes not.
Jimmy Akin • 7/30/2020
Since his retirement from the papacy in 2013, Benedict XVI has continued to write, but few of his writings have become public.
The most theologically significant was published in the journal Communio, and it deals with several controversial questions about the relationship between Judaism and Christianity. It is a twenty-two-page paper titled "Grace and Vocation Without Remorse: Comments on the Treatise De Iudaeis"—the last phrase being Latin for "on the Jews."
Since he is no longer pope, the document does not carry magisterial authority, but it is an insightful look at what an orthodox Catholic theologian says about these questions.
Christianity began in a Jewish context. Jesus and the first Christians were Jews, and they held sacred the same things other Jews did, including the temple and the Jewish scriptures. Eventually, the Christian movement spread in Gentile circles. Over time, Gentile Christians came to outnumber Jewish ones, and the two movements grew apart.
Today they are viewed as two separate religions, but they are intimately linked. This has led Christians to reflect on the way their religion is related to both biblical and post-biblical Judaism.
Marcion's mistake
An early proposal was that of Marcion. He journeyed to Rome around A.D. 140 and joined the Church there. Marcion proposed a radical division between Christianity and Judaism, according to which the God of the Old Testament was a different and inferior deity, not the God of the New Testament.
Consequently, he composed a New Testament that included only the Gospel of Luke and some of Paul's letters. It was purged of Jewish elements. But the Church excommunicated Marcion and his followers, indicating his proposal for the relationship between Judaism and Christianity was unacceptable.
Replacement theory
Other less extreme proposals followed Marcion, and a view became popular that is now known as replacement theology or supersessionism. According to this view, the Church has superseded Israel in God's plan so that the latter has little or no distinctive role today.
In 2015, the Pontifical Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews described supersessionism this way: "the promises and commitments of God would no longer apply to Israel because it had not recognized Jesus as the Messiah and the Son of God, but had been transferred to the Church of Jesus Christ which was now the true 'new Israel,' the new chosen people of God" (The Gifts and Calling of God Are Irrevocable 17).
The period in which this view was prominent was one of mutual tension and hostility between the two groups, and, since Christians were in the majority in Europe, non-Christian Jews suffered persecution.
The twentieth century
In the twentieth century, the Nazi movement—despite its anti-Christian outlook—adopted antisemitism and took it to new extremes, attempting to exterminate European Jewry.
This caused Christians—especially those in Europe—to take a new look at the relationship between the two groups. One result was the fourth chapter of Vatican II's declaration Nostra Aetate, which adopted a balanced and positive appraisal of Christianity's relationship with Judaism.
Following the Council, a view developed that decisively rejected supercessionism and held that the special covenant of God with the Jewish people had never been revoked.
In his article, Benedict XVI states: "Both of these theses—that Israel is not replaced by the Church, and that the covenant was never revoked— are basically correct but are in many ways imprecise and need to be given further critical consideration."
Defining what you're rejecting
The first difficulty he notes is that, prior to Vatican II, supersessionism was a poorly defined concept. There was no formal theory of replacement, and, as a result, it was not listed in standard theological dictionaries.
Also—at least in Catholic circles—it was always recognized that Judaism was different than other world religions and that the Jewish people had a special role in God's plan. (Although Benedict does not make this point, some in Protestant circles have gone further and argued that today the Jewish people has no special significance, though the majority of Protestants disagree with this view.)
For Catholics, Benedict states, "Above all, two points of view have always resisted the idea that the Jewish people have been totally cut off from the promise."
The first of these is the fact that the Jewish people possessed the Old Testament Scriptures, and this set them apart from other religions. The second is that the New Testament speaks of the Jewish people as having an ongoing significance for God. Thus St. Paul says that "all Israel will be saved" (Rom. 11:26).
The 144,000
Benedict also cites Revelation 7:3-8, where 12,000 members of each tribe of Israel—referred to as "the servants of our God"—are sealed and given divine protection.
Some interpreters have taken this image of the 144,000 as a symbol of the entire Church. This is possible, but it is not the only way of understanding the symbol.
After introducing the 144,000, John writes, "After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude which no man could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb" (Rev. 7:9).
This group clearly contains Gentile Christians, and they can be seen as contrasting with the 144,000 of the twelve tribes of Israel (although Revelation sometimes uses contrasting symbols, as when Jesus is spoken of as a lion but depicted as a lamb in 5:5-6).
Benedict sees the 144,000 as indicating an ongoing significance for the Jewish people in God's plan: "According to the perspective of the New Testament, this eschatological view is not simply concerned with something that will eventually come to pass after many thousands of years; rather the 'eschatological' is always also somehow present."
No complete substitution
However individual passages may be interpreted, Benedict observes that in Catholic theology the Church was never understood as depriving Israel of any place in God's plan.
He writes: "On this basis the idea developed in the Middle Ages of the pope's twofold obligation of protection: on the one hand, the Christians must be defended against the Jews, but also the Jews had to be protected. They alone in the medieval world could exist alongside Christians as a religio licita (Latin, "permitted religion").
But if the Church never superseded the role of Israel as a whole, what about the individual distinctives that characterized the Jewish people in God's plan?
Benedict considers five of these:
The ritual laws that pertained to the nation of Israel as a whole
Those that pertained to individuals
The legal and moral instructions of the Torah
The promise of the land.
The temple and its sacrifices
In the Torah, God gave Israel certain practices that pertained to the whole nation. These included the tabernacle—which would eventually give way to the temple—as well as the animal sacrifices performed there.
Benedict refers to these as "cultic" laws, though this can be misleading to some English speakers, given the meaning the word cult has in popular speech. He means merely the ritual practices God gave the Israelites.
If people today want say to that the Church has not replaced Israel, what would it mean to claim that these laws have not been superseded?
Surely we can't say that Jewish people still need to perform animal sacrifices. The New Testament makes it clear that Christ's sacrifice on the cross has made those obsolete, and the Eucharist has taken their place as an ongoing rite.
From a Christian point of view, the temple and its sacrifices must have been superseded in some sense, and Benedict states, "I think that here it becomes apparent that the static view of law and promise, which stands behind the unqualified no to the 'theory of substitution,' necessarily breaks down at this point."
Instead, Benedict argues, we need a dynamic view of the Old Testament's ritual laws so that, rather than simply being replaced by the sacrifice of Christ, they find their fulfillment in him and continue in that way.
He writes, "There is really no 'substitution' but a journey that eventually becomes one reality. And yet this entails the necessary disappearance of animal sacrifices, in place of which ('substitution') the Eucharist occurs."
Personal ritual laws
The pope emeritus now takes up the ritual laws that pertained primarily to individuals, such as circumcision and keeping of the Sabbath.
Benedict states: "Today it is clear that, on the one hand, these ordinances served the protection of Israel's identity in the great scattering among the peoples. On the other hand, the abolition of their binding character was the condition for the emergence of worldwide Christianity from the Gentiles."
He observes that the question of these observances has been a problem for both Jews and Christians and that, in the sixteenth century, Protestants began to accuse Catholics of improperly introducing a new legalism that substituted new practices (e.g., fasting before Communion, abstaining from meat on Friday) in place of the former Jewish requirements.
Ultimately, he says, "This need not be discussed further here." I really wish he had discussed it further, because there are some interesting questions here.
Every community needs rules to regulate its life, and since Christ gave the Church the power of the keys (Matt. 16:19, 18:18), it has the ability to regulate the ritual lives of its members, so it can introduce and modify practices such as fast and abstinence. The more theologically interesting questions concern the divinely instituted laws found in the Old Testament.
As they are presented in the Torah, the ritual practices were ever binding only on the Jewish people, and the New Testament makes clear that circumcision, kosher laws, and other such norms are not binding on Gentile Christians.
But what about Jewish Christians? The New Testament indicates that Paul did not see himself as being under the Jewish law, but he sometimes con-formed to the Jewish law to evangelize Jews (1 Cor. 9:20-21).
To explain this, a theory developed later in Church history that during the apostolic age it was optional for Jewish Christians to observe these practices, but that after the gospel had been fully preached they became prohibited to Jewish Christians, and it would be mortal sin to observe them (ST I-II:103:4 ad 1).
The Council of Florence endorsed this view in its 1442 Decree for the Jacobites (DS 1348). Yet, it would be difficult to argue that the pope and bishops today hold that Hebrew Catholics are not permitted to circumcise their children.
One solution would be to propose that they are permitted to do so as a cultural practice—as a way of retaining their identity as a people—without thinking they are religiously required to do so.
Thus, there are interesting areas to be explored here, but the number of Jewish Catholics is small enough that Benedict may have judged it better not to explore them on this occasion.
In addition to its ritual laws, the Torah also contains precepts of a judicial nature that regulated the life of ancient Israelite society. These included things such as establishing cities of refuge in the Holy Land and requiring certain fines and punishments to be imposed for crimes.
Christians have not viewed these as binding outside Israel, and Benedict notes that Jews also regard these as "subject to development," so that "a dispute between Christians and Jews is not necessary" concerning them.
With regard to the moral precepts of the Torah—"Do not commit adultery," for example—Benedict writes, "What the Lord said after the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew 5:17–20 applies; namely, that the law remains valid, even if it must be read anew in new situations. But this new reading is neither a repeal nor a substitution but a deepening in unaltered validity. There is really no substitution here."
Benedict writes that "the question of the messianic identity of Jesus is and remains the real issue of dispute between Jews and Christians." On this subject, he says recent developments in exegesis have opened up new possibilities for dialogue between the two communities regarding the messianic hope expressed in the Old Testament.
"In the medieval debates between Jews and Christians," Benedict says, "it was common for the Jewish side to quote Isaiah 2:2–5 (Mic. 4:1–5) as the core of the messianic hope. We see how the one who makes a messianic claim must prove his identity before the bar of these words: 'He shall decide the conflict of peoples . . . and they shall beat their swords into ploughshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall not lift up the sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more' (Isa. 2:4, Mic. 4:3-4). It is clear that these words have not been fulfilled but remain an expectation of the future."
However, Benedict argues, Jesus did not wish to bring in a perfect world all at once but envisioned a "time of the Gentiles" (Luke 21:24) preceding the end. Thus, from a Christian perspective, Jesus should be seen as having fulfilled some of the prophecies concerning the Messiah but not yet all of them.
Benedict also notes Jesus challenged popular assumptions about the Messiah and his role as a political deliverer. On the other hand, he notes that the idea of God himself suffering as part of the drama of redemption is "not foreign to Judaism," and therefore the Christian understanding of Jesus' role can be understood in continuity with the Old Testament and not simply as a replacement or cancellation of its hopes.
God promised Abraham that he and his descendants would possess the land of Israel (Gen. 12:1-2, 15:7-16). Even when they disobeyed and were sent into the Babylonian exile, God returned them to their land.
Following the Bar Kokhba Rebellion of A.D. 132-135, the Jewish people were again dispossessed and did not regain nationhood until the creation of the modern state of Israel in 1948.
This has raised questions about the role of this event in God's plan. According to some—including some in the Jewish community—modern Israel has nothing to do with prophecy. It is simply an accident of history.
According to others—including some in the Christian community—the Jewish people have an enduring, God-given right to the land, and the foundation of Israel is a fulfillment of his plan.
The question of modern Israel aside, the question remains of whether the Jewish people have an ongoing title to the Holy Land or whether this has been superseded.
In support of the idea that it has been superseded, some have pointed to New Testament passages that speak of the Old Testament heroes ultimately seeking a heavenly homeland (Heb. 11:16), that we as Christians have no continuing city on earth (Heb. 13:14), and that it is the Jerusalem above that is our mother (Gal. 4:26).
However, the Church has no teaching on this matter, and the Holy See has proceeded with caution on the question. In his article, Benedict points out that the modern Zionist movement began in the nineteenth century as a secular rather than a religious movement.
He says that "the question of what to make of the Zionist project was also controversial for the Catholic Church. From the beginning, however, the dominant position was that a theologically understood acquisition of land (in the sense of a new political messianism) was unacceptable," for this would be "contrary to the Christian understanding of the promises."
In particular, he says, "the nontheological character of the Jewish state means, however, that it cannot as such be considered the fulfillment of the promises of Scripture."
However, after 1948, the Holy See recognized that "the Jewish people, like every people, had a natural right to their own land. As already indicated, it made sense to find the place for it in the historical dwelling place of the Jewish people." The Holy See thus recognizes Israel, though "the rationale of which cannot be derived directly from Holy Scripture."
He concludes: "Yet, in another sense, it expresses God's faithfulness to the people of Israel." He thus sees a continuity of God's relationship with the people of Israel without seeing the state of Israel as a fulfillment of prophecy per se.
A "never-revoked covenant"?
In 1980, in a meeting with representatives of the Hebrew community, John Paul II said that the Old Covenant was "never revoked by God."
This was something new in the history of Catholic doctrine, but it was repeated in the 1992 Catechism, which says that "the Old Covenant has never been revoked" (CCC 121).
Such expressions emphasize the continuity of God's special relationship with the Jewish people, but I've always thought that they were rather imprecise, for God doesn't make a single covenant in the Old Testament. He makes several.
Which one, then, is being spoken of? The most likely two would be the covenant God made with Abraham and the one he made with Moses. (The covenants with Noah and David are less likely candidates, as they weren't with the whole of God's chosen people at the time.)
The Mosaic covenant is the one that most naturally would come to mind, but, from a Christian point of view, elements of it have clearly been superseded.
One gets the idea that perhaps these affirmations mean that God is in a general, covenantal relationship with Israel in some way but without attempting to determine the matter precisely.
In this article, Benedict notes that the idea "belongs in a certain sense to the current teaching of the Catholic Church," but he sees it as an area that is ripe for doctrinal development.
In particular, he notes that when Paul speaks of Israel's distinctives in Romans 9:4, he speaks of them possessing "covenants" (plural). Benedict concludes, "it is unfortunate that our theology generally sees covenant only in the singular, or perhaps only in a strict juxtaposition of Old (First) and New Covenant. For the Old Testament, 'covenant' is a dynamic reality that is concretized in an unfolding series of covenants."
Thank you, and amen.
Benedict continues by noting that "the language of the 'never-revoked covenant' that we are examining is correct insofar as there is no denunciation on the part of God. But it is true that a breach of the covenant on the part of man belongs to the actual history between God and Israel."
As a result of man's sin, God revealed a new and deeper love for man in Jesus Christ and his sacrifice, and so Benedict sees that "the reestablishment of the Sinai covenant in the New Covenant in Jesus' blood—that is, in his love that vanquishes death—gives the covenant a new and permanently valid form."
He concludes that "the formula of the 'never-revoked covenant' may have been helpful in a first phase of the new dialogue between Jews and Christians. But it is not suited in the long run to express in an adequate way the magnitude of reality."
What language should we work toward going forward?
Benedict proposes: "If brief formulas are considered necessary, I would refer above all to two words of Holy Scripture in which the essentials find valid expression. With regard to the Jews, Paul says: 'the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable' (Rom 11:29). To all, Scripture says, 'if we endure, we shall also reign with him; if we deny him, he also will deny us. If we are faithless, he remains faithful—for he cannot deny himself' (2 Tim. 2:12-13)."


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Artur Sérgio Batista de Souza, genannt Artur (* 5. August 1994 in Abel Figueiredo, Pará), ist ein brasilianischer Fußballspieler. Der Linksfuß wird vorwiegend auf der linken Abwehrseite eingesetzt.

Karriere
Artur startete seine Laufbahn in der Jugendmannschaft des JV Lideral FC und Internacional Porto Alegre. Für Lideral durfte er in einer A-Auswahl auflaufen. In der Serie B der Staatsmeisterschaft von Maranhão bestritt er am 2. Dezember 2012 sein erstes Spiel als Profi, vier weitere Einsätze in dem Wettbewerb schlossen sich an.

Nach seinem Wechsel zu Internacional saß er zum Ende der Saison 2013 zwar neunmal auf der Bank, kam aber zu keinem Einsatz. 2014 verbrachte er hier wieder einen Teil seiner Zeit bei der U-20 Auswahl des Klubs. Im Profikader saß er in der Serie A nur einmal auf der Bank. In der Saison 2015 konnte er sich allmählich durchsetzen. Am Anfang noch wenig eingesetzt, bestritt er zum Ende hin fast jedes Spiel. Auch 2016 begann für ihn gut mit häufigen Einsätzen in der Campeonato Gaúcho und der Primeira Liga do Brasil 2016. Anfang 2017 wurde Artur für ein Jahr an den Ligakonkurrenten AA Ponte Preta ausgeliehen. Auch in der Saison 2018 spielte Artur keine Rolle in den Planungen von Inter. Zu den Spielen in den Staatsmeisterschaften lief er für Grêmio Esportivo Brasil auf und zur Meisterschaftsrunde kam er auf Leihbasis zum Criciúma EC.

Zum 1. August 2018 ging Artur in die Ukraine zu Worskla Poltawa. Bei dem Klub erhielt er einen Kontrakt bis zum 30. Juni 2020. Sein erstes Ligaspiel in der Premjer-Liha für Worskla betritt am Artur am 5. Spieltag der Saison 2018/19. Im Heimspiel gegen den FK Mariupol an 19. August 2018 stand er in der Startelf. Sein Debüt auf der internationalen europäischen Bühne gab Artur in der UEFA Europa League 2018/19. Am 20. September 2018 im ersten Spiel in der Gruppe E auswärts gegen FC Arsenal stand Artur in der Startelf.

Im August 2020 wechselte Artur nach Aserbaidschan zum FK Keşlə. Der Vertrag wurde bis zum Ende der Saison 2020/21 befristet. Sein erstes Spiel bestritt er in der Premyer Liqası. Am ersten Spieltag der Saison 2020/21 auswärts beim Sumqayıt PFK. In dem Spiel wurde er in der 71. Minute eingewechselt. Artur erhielt seinen auch einen Einsatz in der Qualifikation der UEFA Europa League 2020/21 am 27. August 2020 gegen KF Laçi. In dem Spiel stand er in der Startelf und wurde in der 81. ausgewechselt. Danach kam er noch zu acht weiteren Liga-Einsätzen und wurde Ende November 2020 vorzeitig entlassen.

Artur kehrte in seine Heimat zurück. Hier unterzeichnete er erneut bei Grêmio Esportivo Brasil. Mit dem Klub spielte er in der Staatsmeisterschaft und startete mit ihm in die Série B 2021. Während des laufenden Wettbewerbs wechselte Artur zum Ligakonkurrenten Goiás EC. Am Saisonende belegte der Klub den zweiten Platz und konnte den Aufstieg in die Série A feiern. Artur bestritt dabei 20 Spiele (kein Tor). Nach Beendigung der Staatsmeisterschaft von Goiás 2022, kehrte Artur im April des Jahres zu Ponte Preta zurück.

Erfolge
Internacional
 Staatsmeisterschaft von Rio Grande do Sul: 2016
 Recopa Gaúcha: 2016

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (SC Internacional)
Fußballspieler (EC Pelotas)
Fußballspieler (AA Ponte Preta)
Fußballspieler (Grêmio Esportivo Brasil)
Fußballspieler (Criciúma EC)
Fußballspieler (Worskla Poltawa)
Fußballspieler (FK Keşlə)
Fußballspieler (Goiás EC)
Brasilianer
Geboren 1994
Mann


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Kyle Keithley, 31, of Morrisville was arrested for possession of controlled substance.
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Sustainability Parks + Wilderness Hiking Outdoor Camping Beaches and Islands Wildlife
Shopping for a Stand Up Paddle Board? Size Matters
Catharine Lo
Somebody mentioned the other day that it still feels like winter in Hawai'i. He wasn't referring to the persistent rain or the uncharacteristic north swells. He was talking about the fact that everyone's still driving around with surfboards in tow.
All Images © Naish
He's right—actually, they're stand-up paddle boards, which makes sense, since summer is paddling season. On the Islands, the sport's booming popularity is undeniable, and stand-up paddlers have become a fixture on the seascape. They're floating around the bays, cruising the coastlines, dropping into waves, and even navigating across open ocean channels.
As the sport has evolved into more specialized disciplines, so have the boards. If you're in the market for a new stand-up board, keep in mind that form serves function. Currently there are three general types of boards to consider: downwind boards, surfing boards, and all-purpose cruisers.
If you've paddled in windy conditions, you know that your body acts as a sail—one that doesn't jibe. Rather than fight against strong gusts, stage a vehicle a reasonable distance downwind from your starting location and use nature to your advantage.
Voila, you're a downwind paddler. If you get addicted to the speed or the surf-riding sensation that comes with gliding on the wind-generated waves, you might even become a downwind racer.
Just like you wouldn't jump on a moped to zip down the Autobahn, it doesn't make sense to race downwind on a fat, floaty board. Downwind boards are a little bit longer and more narrow, a design that increases hull speed.
Some advanced models feature rudders and concave decks. With names like "F16" (Sandwich Island Composites) and "Vortice" (C4 Waterman), it's clear these boards are engineered to maximize velocity.
Southern California's Joe Bark has crafted numerous race-winning boards. A good bet is the "BARK Stand Up Mid," described as a "practical" distance and race board. The stylish, full-carbon or partial-carbon model can be ordered at a width of 26 to 30 inches and a length of 14 to 16 feet, and rudder and tiller set-up are optional. It retails for around $1560.
Surfing boards are generally shorter and more tapered to enhance maneuverability.
Of course, since different surf spots have different characteristics, there's no standard surf-riding model—some designs suit small, rolling breakers, and others are intended for steeper, faster waves.
One of elite waterman Dave Kalama's most memorable recent sessions came when the tow-in surfer and champion stand-up racer tested a new 9'5" Naish Sails surfing prototype at Maui's Kanaha Beach.
Conventional wisdom suggested the 31" board would be too wide, but, he claims, it surfed "unreal." (He said he had a blast, later confirmed by two different spectators who told him somewhat enviously how much fun he appeared to be having.)
One glance at the photos posted on the Paddle Surf Hawaii site proves that Blane Chambers' 9'3" Ripper model, well, rips. (Or, if you're not one of the world's best surfers like Jamie Sterling, Ikaika Kalama, and the others pictured, at least has potential to.) The board measures 28 3/8" wide, and its responsiveness allows surfers to execute radical maneuvers and negotiate deep barrels.
But let's face it. Not all stand-up paddlers have a burning desire to paddle 32 grueling miles of open ocean chop to get from one island to another, nor do we aspire to charge a heaving set at Jaws or Teahupoo.
A lot of us are perfectly content to drift along a lazy river or seek out an unoccupied corner of the coastline where we can quietly relish the lingering hours of daylight.
For these purposes, a basic cruiser is all you need. Stand-up cruisers are wide—beginners should look for something around 30 inches—which makes them more stable.
The 10'6" Wahine Model ($1,495 including deck pad, fins, and carbon/fiberglass paddle) designed by Kyle Bernhardt for Tropical Blends appeals to a gentler breed of paddlers, its description suggests: "Now here's a board we built specifically with my wife in mind.
Looking for a more challenging workout, she wanted a board that was small enough to handle easily, agile enough to excel in flat or textured waters, and sleek enough to give her the glide and stability she found in her bigger board." A really useful feature of this 30"-wide board is its unobtrusive, built-in handle, which makes it much less cumbersome for people with shorter arms to carry.
It's a good idea to rent a few boards first to figure out what you're most comfortable standing on. There's nothing more frustrating than buying equipment that you're unable to use. Check out www.standuppaddlesurf.net for an extensive archive of board reviews.
Look for Catharine's upcoming piece on choosing the right SUP paddle. And for those interested in learning a bit more about the history behind Stand Up Paddling, as well as a look at the sport's pioneers, please check out Stand Up Paddling: A Brief History of C4 Watermen
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