That would be a good question for the local authorities in your area. Green is ok on a moving passenger vehicle in many states but the specifics on that will be best explained by DOT in your area for commercial vehicles since it changes from place to place. Thanks!


10 Tamil books 3 to.5 year olds. Can buy selected books.
7 books in total n for $5 only. Still in good condition. Cash n carry.
Basic chinese books to introduce mandarin to toddlers.
Price stated for each book. A different kind of Alphabet book! - Phonetics to pronounce. - Textures to trace. - A reference word to provide context. A different kind of Numbers book! - Quantity to count. - Textures to trace. - Name and corresponding number rod to provide context.
Collect at Bukit Panjang or Raffles place. Top up 50 cents for postage.
For ages 4+. Flashcards in good condition.


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Home College American Athletic Conference Rising travel, food costs straining college athletic budgets
Rising travel, food costs straining college athletic budgets
College athletic programs are reacting to soaring inflation the same way as everyone else — they're looking for ways big and small to save money.
In the Power Five, home of college sports' biggest budgets and most considerable resources, schools are working with boosters and other partners to try to bridge the financial gap. Working down the line to smaller institutions, where budgets and resources are smaller, creativity is a must.
For schools of all sizes, travel and food are the most challenging issues.
Nebraska, with 24 sports programs and an athletic budget of $168 million this year, hopes to work with its beef and chicken vendors to find more cost-effective ways to order food for the training table. It's also lining up more nonprofit groups to work concession stands to reduce labor costs.
The school expects the cost of doing business to be about $3 million more than it would be if the U.S. inflation rate hadn't risen to more than 8%.
Arizona, which has a $101.6 million budget and 21 sports, projects costs could increase by $4 million, according to Derek van der Merwe, an assistant vice president and chief operating officer for administration and athletics at the Pac-12 school.
"You have to work real closely with all your teams to take a look at what changes you can make to absorb that cost within your operating budgets, or you have to look at other opportunities to increase revenues to offset those costs," van der Merwe said. "The post-pandemic economy and insecurity is around a lot of the budgets we have to manage and makes it challenging because we don't know what to anticipate.
Those Power Five schools, though, have deep-pocketed boosters they can often rely on in times of need, an insurance policy for budgetary concerns.
At Mary Baldwin University, a private school with about 1,000 undergraduate students in Staunton, Virginia, it's a far different story. The school competes in Division III in the USA South Athletic Conference, and most of its members are in North Carolina, anywhere from 3½ to 6 hours away.
Besides the cost of travel, there are overnight stays and food expenses.
The Fighting Squirrels do not field a football team, having only started admitting men in 2017, but added baseball and men's basketball last year. The new programs began just as the athletic budget, cut 20% during the pandemic, was restored to its previous level before those additions, athletic director Tom Byrnes said.
"So we're doing things here on a shoestring," he told The Associated Press. "And we're getting it done, you know, as best we can. But inflation is not helping us."
The school is banking on its creativity and some local generosity.
Men's basketball, 8-13 in its inaugural season, will play exhibitions against two Division I programs, rather than a couple scrimmages that might be more helpful for player development, hoping to bring in $3,000-$4,000 for each to pay for the team's basketball shoes.
"Baseball, softball and women's basketball teams all work in concession stands or as ushers at James Madison football games," Byrnes said, traveling in a bus provided by a local company at cost. The school also is negotiating with a used car dealer to have it provide a car for coaches to use on recruiting trips for free, and has local restaurants that sometimes provide food at a discount.
"So those are the kind of things we have to do. We do nickel and dime stuff, too. The women's soccer team has a Kona ice truck at games, so stuff like that," Byrnes said.
While unlikely to have to resort to such measures, the biggest schools are not immune to belt-tightening wherever possible. Coaches' requests for equipment are scrutinized, and they are sometimes asked to give up something in return.
But they all still have to travel, and eat.
Nebraska expects to spend $9.2 million on athletic department travel this year, executive associate athletic director and CFO Doug Ewald said. That's a 17% increase, or $1.3 million. Arizona, meanwhile, expects its athletic travel costs to increase 20%-25% over last year, van der Merwe said.
Foresight helped Iowa State avoid some of the increases, senior associate athletic director Chris Jorgensen said, by locking in charter flight costs months or even years ago, while rival Iowa's football travel will increase appreciably.
Charter flights for the Hawkeyes will be 8.5% higher and charter bus costs are up 12%, associate athletic director and CFO Greg Davies told the AP.
The Nebraska training table will see food costs rise about 20% this year, from $3.2 million to $3.8 million. Nebraska athletes consume 2,200 pounds of beef each month, and Ewald said the athletic department hopes to work with vendors to find ways to get better deals for buying in greater bulk.
Arizona, like Nebraska, is trying to absorb the added costs due to inflation by tightening belts. One thing is not negotiable, van der Merwe said.
"Our philosophy is that we make sure the student-athlete experience is the priority for everything we budget and plan for," he said, "and everything around that is curtailed in order to make sure we maintain the integrity of that priority."
The philosophy is the same at Randolph-Macon College, another Division III school in Virginia. Athletic director Jeff Burns credits the school's athletic success for having allowed it to dip into reserves to maintain that standard.
"There's really a spectrum across Division III. You're going to see a lot of different ways where the haves are going to be able to handle it and the have nots are probably going to be forced to make some changes," Burns said.
After more than three decades in sports, it's not how Mary Baldwin's Byrnes imagined things. He took the job six months before the pandemic began.
"It's challenging," he said. "But you know what? It keeps every day interesting."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
class TestRole

  include AnnotationSecurity::Role

  def initialize(name,user)
    @name = name
    @user = user
  end

  def role_name
    @name
  end

  def name
    role_name
  end

  def user
    @user
  end

end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


You can contact the club by several means. We do try and answer as soon as we can, but occasionally messages can fall through the gaps. If this happens please try again and/or use another contact method and accept our apologies.
Fill in the form below and submit it to us.
Where would you travel to if you followed the arrow in the picture below? This is to tell if you are a human, or a robot. Robots can't cave.
Crewe CPC member negotiating conservation tape in Notts 2. Photo © Jenny Drake 2013.


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Dorset Teddy Bear Museum
Tutankhamun Museum
Terracotta Warriors Museum
World Heritage Museums
Open Every Day 7 Days a Week 10.00am – 5.00pm (winter hours: 10.00am – 4pm)
Visitor Book
Dino Facts
Largest Dinosaur Footprints in the World Discovered in Western Australia
Published: 30th Mar 2017
A discovery of over 21 different types of dinosaur footprints has been unearthed including prints left by gigantic herbivores.
These large footprints measuring 1.7 meters have been found breaking the previously set record of 106cm discovered in Mongolia last year.
Image of world's largest footprint. By Damian Kelly
At the site, in Western Australia palaeontologists discovered a vast collection of dinosaur footprints. Many of which only visible during low tide, the prints have been found to belong to about 21 different species of dinosaur. Making this the most diverse collection of dinosaur footprints in the world.
Of the tracks found Dr Steve Salisbury a lead author of the study and palaeontologist at the University of Queensland shared the importance of these findings, "There are thousands of tracks around Walmadany. Of these, 150 can confidently be assigned to 21 specific track types, representing four main groups of dinosaurs. There were five different types of predatory dinosaur tracks, at least six types of tracks from long-necked herbivorous sauropods, four types of tracks from two-legged herbivorous ornithopods, and six types of tracks from armoured dinosaurs. Among the tracks is the only confirmed evidence for stegosaurs in Australia. There are also some of the largest dinosaur tracks ever recorded. Some of the sauropod tracks are around 1.7 m long."
Image of Palaeontologists from the University of Queensland By Damian Kelly
Dr Salisbury also shared how important these findings are to our understanding of dinosaurs in the western half of the continent, "It is extremely significant, forming the primary record of non-avian dinosaurs… and providing the only glimpse of Australia's dinosaur fauna during the first half of the Early Cretaceous Period,"
"It's such a magical place—Australia's own Jurassic Park, in a spectacular wilderness setting," Said Dr Salisbury.
Full article of study found here: https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2017/03/australias-jurassic-park-worlds-most-diverse
Quetzalocoatlus with its wingspan of up to 13 metres was probably the largest pterosaur, and hence the…
View more Dino Facts
The Dinosaur Museum, Icen Way, Dorchester, Dorset DT1 1EW | Tel: 01305 269880
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Leon Bennett/Getty Images for BET
Janelle Monaé, Jazmine Sullivan, Latto + More Put Roe Vs. Wade Centerstage At 2022 BET Awards
Published on: Jun 27, 2022, 5:00 AM PDT
The United States Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe Vs. Wade on Friday (June 24) has been an omnipresent topic for the last three days. Unsurprisingly, many celebrities are using their platforms to draw attention to the issue. As the 2022 BET Awards got underway at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles on Sunday night (June 26), it became immediately clear it was on everyone's minds.
Host Taraji P. Henson didn't waste time broaching the subject (albeit it out of breath), while first presenter Janelle Monaé used her brief time in the spotlight to call for action. Next, Jazmine Sullivan — who was presented with an award in the Best Female R&B/Hip Hop Artist category, called upon men to join the fight.
"We need y'all," she said in part. "We need y'all to stand up, stand with us. If you have ever benefited from a woman making one of the toughest decision of her life — terminating a pregnancy — you need to stand up. This is not just a women's issue. This is everybody's issue and we need your support more than ever. OK, fellas?"
After a performance from Jack Harlow, Lil Wayne and surprise guest Brandy, an emotional Latto took home the trophy for Best New Artist but not before she made sure to point out no man was ever going to "police" her body.
Mention of the Roe Vs. Wade controversy continued throughout the evening, even though Youngstar Award winner/17-year-old actress Marsai Martin couldn't quite get the words out, everyone knew where she was going with it.
Roe Vs. Wade Supreme Court Ruling On Abortion Sparks Outrage — & Action — From Hip Hop Community
Naturally, social media has exploded with reactions to the historical ruling — from Alicia Keys, who called it "fucking bullshit," to Lizzo, who pledged $500,000 to Planned Parenthood. Even Eminem, who's the father to three women, chimed in, tweeting, "As a father it pisses me off that women have fewer rights 2day than just a few days ago. We r fuckin goin bckwards. Here's how to help in Michigan."
The Supreme Court's ruling has sparked hundreds of protests across the country, especially in major cities such as New York City, Los Angeles and Washington D.C.


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Houston Astros shortstop Carlos Correa donates $10,000 to the family of slain Houston Sikh deputy
Posted at 6:28 AM, Oct 02, 2019
Sandeep Singh Dhaliwal had a deep impact on his community, and that includes Houston Astros shortstop Carlos Correa.
Dhaliwal -- the first Sikh to become a deputy at a Houston-area sheriff's department -- was gunned down while conducting a traffic stop Friday.
On Monday, Correa, a 25-year-old from Ponce, Puerto Rico, visited the family, giving them $10,000.
"Thank you Sandeep for everything you did to help others here in Houston and Puerto Rico!" Correa tweeted Monday. "Rest In Peace you'll always be remembered!"
Correa said he felt especially connected with Dhaliwal because the 42-year-old officer had helped citizens of Correa's native Puerto Rico in the devastating aftermath of 2017's Hurricane Maria.
"When I heard he went to Puerto Rico to help a lot of people over there, he was one of the first ones to go out there, leaving his family behind to go out there and help people that were in need back home," Correa said. "It really touched me. A lot of people in Puerto Rico suffered a tragedy with Hurricane Maria."
According to Harris County Sheriff Ed Gonzalez, it's the first time he's seen the family smile, leading Correa to say: "It means a lot. I saw them smiling and laughing. It really meant a lot to me. To come here to bring a little joy into their lives in this moment of tragedy, it really touched me."
The funeral for Dhaliwal will be Wednesday, according to the sheriff's office.
The Astros, who are favored to win the World Series, begin their playoff run on Friday, facing the winner of the American League Wild Card Game between the Tampa Bay Rays and Oakland Athletics. Correa was part of Houston's first World Series title team, in 2017.


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Q: Entity many to many in doctrine (symfony2) I have a table in my database (MySQL) that relates a few hotels with categories. It is a part table which links the hotels and the categories table since a hotel can belong to many categories and vice versa. In the same table I have a field with additional information (an integer with dimension 1).
When generating entities with Symfony console, classes of hotels and categories contain an array of objects of the other entity is created. That is, from hotels to access the categories to which it belongs and from the categories access to all hotels that have it.
The problem is not how I access the additional field to display additional information, as no intermediate entity that view or to invoke.
If someone could help me out, I would be very grateful.
Greetings and thank you.

A: You have to split the relationship from
Hotel --> ManyToMany <-- Category

into
Hotel --> OneToMany <-- HotelCategory --> ManyToOne <-- Category

as a relation with attributes is, indeed, a new entity.
Into HotelCategory now you can add that attribute.
Please, pay attention, when you create a new form you need to include HotelCategory and so additional work could be necessary.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The new AKG C636 Handheld Condenser Microphone is reborn from the legendary C535. It features a new form for today's rigorous performance and stage requirements. The C636 is housed in a worry-free durable metal housing and features a state-of-the-art, multilayer pop noise rejection system that eliminates plosives, letting you focus on your vocal performance, not on the performance of your microphone. Add in the ambient-noise-rejecting cardioid polar pattern, and the AKG C636 is truly a stage-ready performance condenser microphone.
Although the classic C535 is discontinued, its essence lives on in the C636 master reference condenser microphone. With its manually tuned 24-karat gold-plated capsule generating a pure transparent tone, the C636 retains the spirit of the classic AKG C535 condenser microphone, while being updated to meet the demands of today's top vocal performers.
You've never held a mic like the AKG C636 master reference condenser microphone; its durable zinc-alloy housing and spring steel grille conceal a proprietary double-shock suspension system providing unparalleled rejection of handling noise. Plus the C636's grille, the foam layer behind it, and a magnetically attached computer-modeled mesh layer on top of the capsule deliver a 1-2-3 knockout punch to any plosives that dare attempt entry.
Noisy stages present multiple challenges to the performer and sound pro — and feedback can be one of the toughest foes to conquer. The cardioid pickup pattern of the AKG C636 gives you victory over feedback with superior ambient noise rejection and powerful on-axis pickup. With the C636, your vocals will evade those troublesome sonic villains and make it safely home to your PA.


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Turtle City Biologists
Posted to MichiganNow.org on Tuesday, March 15, 2011
"Turtle City" Prepares Oil-Contaminated Reptiles for Return to the Wild
This map turtle covered with oil by the pipeline spill as rehabilitated and released.
There's a new housing complex in Marshall. The developers call it "Turtle City." The 471 residents don't call it anything.
That's because the residents are 470 turtles and one toad.
The housing complex is a large, heated, pole barn-like building filled with metal stock watering tanks. The turtles (and toad) are survivors of last summer's oil pipeline leak that fouled miles of the Kalamazoo River. They were brought in for treatment after running afoul of the oil and are spending the winter in a warm environment instead of hibernating in the mud.
Turtle City is one of the projects oil-pipeline company Enbridge, Inc., has in place to help restore the Kalamazoo River corridor recover from the more than 830,000 gallons of oil that flowed from a burst pipeline last July 26.
"The thing that has fascinated me about this project was the degree to which everyone got the sense that saving the wildlife was important," said Bob Doherty, a consultant assisting Enbridge on the oil spill clean-up. "The whole community of people involved in the spill response felt that way. We'd get calls from landowners or workers out on the project, that they saw an oiled goose or a turtle, and we'd send someone out to get the animal. And sometimes people would bring a turtle to us in a box."
Stock watering tanks range in size from 100 to 600 gallons. They're fitted with sand filtration units, sort of like the systems used for swimming pools, and supplied with groundwater from the area that's flowing into the river. The water is filtered and tested for contaminants and pH and is "pretty close to what's in the river as you would expect," Doherty said.
There are a wide variety of turtles wintering at Turtle City. Common map turtles are the most numerous, but the residents include painted turtles, snapping turtles, Blanding's turtles, soft-shell turtles, musk turtles and one common box turtle.
Curtains surround the stock-watering tanks in Turtle City to help prevent the creatures' from becoming habituated to humans.
The more easy-going species, painted, Blanding's and map, turtles are in community housing, up to five or six in a tank. The more aggressive turtles – snappers, softshells and musks have their own digs.
But even the community living specimens are assigned roommates according to their needs, explained Jenny Schlieps, the animal care manager from Focus Wildlife International, a West Coast company that specializes in rehabilitating oil-contaminated animals.
"It depends on the social hierarchy," Schlieps said. "You don't want three strong alpha turtles in with a turtle that is weaker."
Turtles are given an opportunity to bask in their temporary homes as they would in the wild The turtles have been cleaned up after their oil exposure, though some have medical needs, skin burns or lesions, caused by the spill. They're receiving veterinary care from nearby Binder Park Zoo. But the majority of the turtles are healthy and just waiting until the time is right to return to their natural homes. Doherty said animal handlers took GPS coordinates when they picked up the creatures so they can be returned their old neighborhoods.
The tanks are outfitted with basking platforms, built from branches to simulate wild river conditions, and have heat lamps to mock sunlight so the creatures can resume as much of their normal lifestyle as they can, considering the circumstances.
The turtles are fed "nutritionally balance pelletized diet for freshwater turtles as well as natural prey items that they would normally eat in the wild in Michigan," Schlieps said. "Depending on the species, that would be snails, crawdads, pan trout worms and nightcrawlers. Snapping turtles may get fish, but the large map turtles have more of crustacean based diet.
Curtains surround the stock watering tanks in Turtle City to help prevent the creatures from becoming habituated to humans.
"Natural prey items are live, though some of the fish are not, depending on the species of fish."
The idea is to make sure the turtles can be self sufficient when they leave. Schlieps said the tanks are set up so the critters have minimal interaction with humans and do not become habituated.
"We want them to be as wild as they can be after being in captivity for this length of time," Schlieps explained. "If everything continues to go well, we'll see a lot of happy turtles when we release them."
Turtle City worker Sarah Klepinger feeds krill to turtles.
Jason Manshum, a senior advisor for community relations with Enbridge, said building Turtle City just something the company could do to restore the area,
"We made a big mess in this community and we affected the lives of many, many people, and it's not just the people, it's the wildlife," he said. "We want to make sure we get this area back to the condition it was prespill and we can't really do that unless we do something for the wildlife.
"We want to be a good neighbor," Manshum said. "This wildlife center we established is just part of being a good neighbor."
The wildlife intervention project has already been quite successful, Schlieps said.
"We have already released more than 2,217 animals, birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians, but mostly turtles."
As for the remaining turtles in captivity, they're looking at being paroled when the weather warms up. The care-givers will open the doors of the building, shut down the heat and habituate the animals to the climate. And when the water temperature in the river reaches the temperature in the facility, they'll be released, probably in May, Schlieps said.
And what about the toad, which is living in its own hard rubber 50 gallon tank?
"It's a lovely American toad, quite an attractive animal," Schlieps said. "It was captured just prior to the season changing, so it wound up staying here because it was too cold to return it to the wild once it had been cleaned."
One Response to "Turtle City Biologists"
marilyn doherty says:
I would like to send this to a friend. How can I do this?
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text:
JFK Jr., now ?
David Noack July 24, 1999
By: David Noack
Local Cape Cod Times leads the way in coverage
For the Cape Cod Times, the disappearance of John F. Kennedy Jr.'s plane off the coast of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts was a local story turned global.
Faced with an onslaught of press covering every angle of the initial mystery surrounding the whereabouts of Kennedy, 38, his wife, Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, 33, and his sister-in-law, Lauren Bessette, 34, and the subsequent tragic turn of events, the paper was able to break exclusives, at the same time culling sources and taking advantage of an intricate knowledge of the area to pen personal stories about the Kennedy family.
The Ottaway Newspapers Inc.-owned Times ? in a string of stories picked up by The Associated Press, CNN, and ABC- TV's "Good Morning America," among others ? was the first to report the JFK Jr. plane's registration papers washing ashore, the fact that the plane's engine was rebuilt, and the Kennedy family's request that autopsy photographs not be taken for fear they would wind up in the tabloids and on the Internet.
It's been that kind of week for the 50,000-circulation daily, which found itself in the middle of the biggest story of the year so far.
"We have to plant reporters in the same places that the mobs are. But a lot of times, these [other media] organizations, they are not thinking outside of the box. They are doing all the typical stuff. For us, it's a global and hometown story, so we are trying to put a human face on it, if possible. We won't tell the story about John John, the celebrity in New York. We'll tell the story about John John, where he went swimming, where he liked to kayak, and what he was like on the Vineyard," says editor in chief Cliff Schechtman.
That said, Schechtman notes the exclusive stories the Times reporters did get were not handed to them on a silver platter.
Schechtman says that it's always difficult to compete against the TV networks and major newspapers, but boasts that the paper is holding its own and is "kicking some butt. We've had stories that none of the others have had. These are very competitive stories. It's been on the wires and on TV. There are sources who will talk to us more readily because we have the context."
He attributes the comprehensive and detailed coverage to a seasoned staff of reporters. Its average age is 42 years old. Many of the editorial staffers have worked at the paper for more than a decade. In all, 18 reporters and photographers covered the story.
"These people are professionals. They can work anywhere, but they work here because this is Cape Cod. This is a gorgeous place," Schechtman says.
From July 18, the day after the story that the plane was missing broke, to July 23, the Times had run between 35 to 40 local stories. Since the story started, the paper has run 30 pages of Kennedy-related stories in all, with 16 pages being added to accommodate the blanket coverage.
"This is one of the biggest stories that any of [the Times reporters] have ever covered, and we've gotten such attention because it's in our hometown and because of some of our coverage ? It's great for the staff," Schechtman says.
He says that since the staff has been on such an emotional and physical high in doing the story, he now has to decide how to begin to cut back coverage, get back to a normal routine, and let reporters and editors take some time off and take care of personal business.
That sentiment is echoed by news editor Mark Mulcahy, who says the staff has been making personal sacrifices by working long hours over the last week and basically put their lives on hold to cover the story.
"Things will start now winding down," says Mulcahy.
Anne Brennan, who lives an hour from the newspaper, showed up for work Monday at 6 a.m. and has not been home since. She has been staying with colleagues and putting in 12- to 14-hour days. She has covered the Kennedys from time to time, including the weddings of Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg and Maria Shriver as well as the funeral of Rose Kennedy.
"I think our sources have been great in giving us inside information, like the fact that the plane's registration washed up on shore, hours after the plane was reported missing. ? I had some sources close to the family who told me how Sen. [Edward] Kennedy was handling this freshest of tragedies and how his friends were helping him through this," says Brennan.
Reporter Karen Jeffrey says the story about the plane's registration papers washing ashore is a good example of getting information from local sources.
"We can get things sometimes that other people can't because we know the police, we know the firefighters, we know the normal, everyday people whose lives are affected by a big event like this," says Jeffrey, who has worked at the paper for 18 years.
She says that just before the story broke, she had said goodbye to house guests and was planning to catch up on cleaning and laundry ? and then the phone rang.
"I have not one piece of clean clothes left. I have no towels left. I would say my [work]days have been, at a minimum, 15 hours," she says.
The tragedy has boosted the newspaper's circulation for the last week. In fact, last Sunday, July 18, the first day that newspapers were able to tackle the story, the paper reached a new circulation record, selling 74,500 copies, surpassing a Sunday circulation record set this Fourth of July, when 73,421 papers were sold. On weekdays, the paper also sold an average of 5,900 copies a day more last week than the week before.
?(Editor & Publisher Web Site:http:www.mediainfo.com) [Caption]
?(copyright: Editor & Publisher July 24, 1999) [Caption]
https://www.editorandpublisher.com/news/jfk-jr-now/
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text:
But My Brain Had Other Ideas (Paperback)
A Memoir of Recovery from Brain Injury
By Deb Brandon
She Writes Press, 9781631522468, 220pp.
2017 USA Best Book Awards Finalist in Autobiography/Memoir
When Deb Brandon discovered that cavernous angiomas--tangles of malformed blood vessels in her brain--were behind the terrifying symptoms she'd been experiencing, she underwent one brain surgery. And then another. And then another. And that was just the beginning.
The book also includes an introduction by Connie Lee, founder and president of the Angioma Alliance. Unlike other memoirs that focus on injury crisis and acute recovery, But My Brain Had Other Ideas follows Brandon's story all the way through to long-term recovery, revealing without sugarcoating or sentimentality Brandon's struggles--and ultimate triumph.


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Faculty - Woollam
John A. Woollam, George Holmes Distinguished Professor
John A. Woollam
George Holmes Distinguished Professor
240N Scott Engineering Center
jwoollam@unl.edu
Woollam's webpage
J.A. Woollam Co. Ellipsometry Solutions
We have focused our research in recent years on thin films. This involves film preparation, and characterization by numerous experimental techniques. These include atomic force microscopy, spectrophotometry, optical interference microscopy. Our specialty however is spectroscopic ellipsometry. We cover the spectral range with existing ellipsometers from 0.023eV to 6.6eV. Ellipsometers measure optical constants, thin film layer thickness, alloy concentrations, surface roughness, sample temperature, and can be used on multilayered condensed matter samples with nanometer scale dimensions.
Our most recent research is on biomaterials at interfaces, especially protein attachment to various surfaces. For these studies we use in situ and ex situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (including both visible and infrared spectral ranges), contact wetting angle measurements, atomic force microscopy, interference microscopy and visible and infrared spectrophotometry. Studied are the kinetics of attachment, and surface orientations of various molecules and combinations of molecules at molecular surfaces and in interfaces of individual molecular layers. Molecular layers as thin as a single molecule with dimensional scales of a few nanometers are studied and characterized
Under National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) support we worked on thin films for spacecraft chemical, mechanical, and thermal protection from the space environment of atomic oxygen, ultraviolet radiation, and particulate and chemical contamination from other activities in space. Students in our laboratories have worked on degrees in Electrical Engineering (MS and PhD), Physics (PhD), and Chemical and Materials Engineering (PhD), and Biomedical Engineering (PhD).
J. Sun, J. Hilfiker, M. Saenger, M. Schubert, J. Woollam, R. Synowicki, "Characterizing Antireflection Coatings on Textured Mono-Crystalline Si with Spectroscopic Ellipsometry", Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Photovoltaics Specialists, June 8-12, Philadelphia, PA, (2009).
T. Hofmann, C.M. Herzinger, T.E. Tiwald, J.A. Woollam, M. Schubert, "Hole diffusion profile in a p-p+ silicon homojunction determined by terahertz and midinfrared spectroscopic ellipsometry", Applied Physics Letters, 95, No. 3, 032102-1 – 032102-3, (2009).
M.F. Saenger, M. Schadel, T. Hofmann, J. Hilfiker, J. Sun, T. Tiwald, M. Schubert, J. A. Woollam, "Infrared ellipsometric characterization of silicon nitride films on textured Si photovoltaic cells", MRS, Fall, 2009, Volume 1123, pages 1-6. (2009).
A. Sarkar, T. Viitala, T. Hofmann, T. Tiwald, J. Woollam, A. Kjerstad, B. Laderian, M. Schubert, "Monitoring Organic Thin Film Growth in Aqueous Solution In-Situ with a Combined Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Ellipsometry", MRS, Fall 2008, pages 1-7, (2009).
D. K. Goyal, G. K. Pribil, J. A. Woollam, A. Subramanian, "Detection of Ultrathin Biological Films Using Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Ellipsometry", Materials Science and Engineering B 149, 26-33 (2008).
T. Berlind, G.K. Pribil, D.W. Thompson, J.A. Woollam and H. Arwin, "Effects of ion concentration on refractive indices of fluids measured by the minimum deviation technique", Physica Status Solidi, Proceedings of ICSE4 (c) 5, No. 5, 1249-1252, (March 2008).
H. Arwin, A. Askendahl, P. Tengvall, D.W. Thompson, J.A. Woollam, "Infrared ellipsometry studies of thermal stability of protein monolayers and multilayers" Physica Status Solidi, (c) 5, No. 5, 1438-1441, (2008).
L. G. Castro, D.W. Thompson, T.W. Tiwald, E. M. Berberov and J.A. Woollam, "Repeatability of Ellipsometric Data in Cholera Toxin GM1-ELISA Structures", Surface Science Vol. 601, No. 8, 1795-1803 (2007).
W.H. Nosal, D.W. Thompson, T. E. Tiwald, S. Sarkar, A. Subramanian, J.A. Woollam, "Vacuum Ultraviolet Optical Analysis of Spin-Cast Chitosan Films modified by Succinic Anhydride and Glycidyl Phenyl Ether", Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 39, 747-751 (July, 2007).
S.M. Aouadi, A. Bohnhoff, T. Amriou, M. Williams, J. N. Hilfiker, N. Singh, J.A. Woollam, "Vacuum ultra-violet spectroscopic ellipsometry study of single-and multi-phase nitride protective films", J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, No. 32, S1691-S1701, (2006).
S. Aouadi, Y. Zhang, P. Basnyat, S. Stadler, P. Filip, M. Williams, J.N. Hilfiker, N. Singh, J.A. Woollam, "Physical and Chemical Properties of Sputter-Deposited TaCxNy Films", J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18, No. 6, 1977-1986, (February 2006).
B.W. Woods, D.W. Thompson, J.A. Woollam, "Cermet Thermal Conversion Coatings for Space Applications", Protection of Materials and Structures from the Space Environment, Space Technology Proceedings, Vol. 6, ICPMSE-7, 265-276, (2006).
W.H. Nosal, D.W. Thompson, L. Yan, S. Sarkar, A. Subramanian, J.A. Woollam, "UV-vis-Infrared Optical and AFM Study of Spin-cast Chitosan Films", Colloids Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 43, 131-137 (July 2005).
J. N. Hilfiker, J.A. Woollam, "Encyclopedia of Modern Optics", Elsevier Ltd., 297-307 (2005).
H. Arwin, L.M. Karlsson, A. Kozarcanin, D.W. Thompson, T.W. Tiwald, J.A. Woollam, "Carbonic Anhydrase Adsorption in Porous Silicon Studied with Infrared Ellipsometry", 4th Int. Conf. on Porous Semiconductors - Science and Technology (PSST04), Cullera-Valencia, 14-19 March 2004, phys. stat. sol. (a), 202, No. 8, 1688-1692, (June 2005).
W.H. Nosal, D.W. Thompson, L. Yan, S. Sarkar, A. Subramanian, J.A. Woollam, "Infrared Optical Properties and AFM of Spin-Cast Chitosan Films Chemically Modified with 1,2 Epoxy-3-Phenoxy-Propane", Colloids Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 46, No. 1, 26-31, (November 2005).
D.W. Thompson and J.A. Woollam "Enhancing infrared response of adsorbed biomaterials using ellipsometry and textured surfaces," Spectroscopy-an International Journal 19, 147-164, (2005).
PhD students advised since 1990 (graduates prior to 1990 are not listed)
He, Ping Ph.D, March, 1993 in Physics "Microstructure and Magneto-Optical Properties of Cobalt-based Magnetic Multilayered films"
McGahan, W.A. Ph.D, January, 1994 in Electrical Engineering "Optical and Thermal Properties of Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Thin Films"
Zhang, Ying Bo Ph.D, December, 1995 in Physics "Magnetic and Magneto-Optical Properties of Co/Ni Multilayer Thin Films"
Tiwald, Thomas Ph.D, 1999 in Electrical Engineering "Measurement of Free Carriers in Silicon and Silicon Carbide Using Infrared Ellipsometry"
Gao, Xiang Ph.D, May, 1999 in Electrical Engineering "Magneto-Optic and Dielectric Properties of MO Materials"
Yan, Li, PhD, December, 2003 in Chemical and Materials Engineering "Materials Under The Adverse Environment in Space"
Thompson, Daniel W, PhD, December, 2004 in Electrical Engineering "Enhanced Infrared Ellipsometry for Adsorbed Proteins"
Nosal, William, PhD, 2006 in Chemical and Materials Engineering "Ellipsometric Studies of Chemically Modified Surfaces for Biocompatability"
Sabyasachi Sarkar, PhD, May, 2008 in Chemical and Materials Engineering "Ellipsometric Studies of Synthetic Albumin-binding Chitosan-derivatives and Selected Blood Plasma Proteins"
M.S. students advised
Hassanayn Macklab, August, 1991 "Thermal Diffusivity Measurements by Photothermal Laser Beam Deflection"
Ronald A. Synowicki, July, 1993 "Low Earth Orbit Degradation of Spacecraft Materials: Plasma Asher Simulation with Comparison to Spaceflight Exposure"
Joel D. Lamb, January, 1995 "Electrical and Interfacial Properties of Amorphous Carbon Films"
Blaine R. Spady, May, 1995 "Spacecraft Materials Degradation in Low Earth Orbit and Laboratory Simulation"
James N. Hilfiker, August, 1995 "Ellipsometric Investigation of the Electrodeposition of Magneto-Optic Materials"
Scott Heckens, December, 1995 "An In-Situ Ellipsometric Investigation of Sputtered TbFeCo Magneto-Optic Thin Films"
Darin Glenn, November, 1996 "Modeling and Analysis of Magneto-Optic Thin Films"
Jeff Hale, May, 1997 "Electrochromic Materials and Devices for Thermal Emissivity Modulation"
Michael J. DeVries, May, 1999 "Ellipsometric Investigation of Electrochromic Materials"
Corey L. Bungay, October, 2000 "Study of Modifications to Polymers in the LEO Enviroment Using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry"
Leon Castro, December, 2008 "Kinetic Modeling and Spectral Analysis of Protein Adsorption". Co-advised w/Dr. D.W. Thompson.


To determine whether you are eligible for our HUD Section 231/8 senior housing, please access the link to our tenant selection plan.
We subsidize all of our studio apartments and 15 of our 580 square foot one bedroom apartments. Waiting lists apply for both of our subsidized senior housing options. Please contact our Housing Manager at 360-696-4375 for information on the current status of either senior housing list. Once your senior housing application is processed and approved, you can request to be on one list or both lists at the same time.
Our retirement home's rent is income-based–approximately 30 per cent of gross annual income, medical deductions apply. For your own personal rent estimate, please contact our housing manager.
In addition to rent, we have an Optional Meal Program that provides you with your main meal every day and is an additional $230 per month. Tenants are not required to participate in the optional meal program.
Senior housing tenants also pay electricity and their own phone and cable costs.
Included in your rent are several services including a secured entrance with 24 hour security at our front desk, emergency pull cords in your units, planned activities, use of our fitness room, art room, library, and more!
Contact Knights of Pythias Active Retirement Center today!


Scrybe: Beta Wait is Over?
Scrybe announced today that completed sending invitations to all users who were added to the Beta waiting list… Beta users can further invite their contacts. This is about eleven months after the start of the Beta. Some posters on the Scrybe forums waited for much of this time, while others lost patience and dropped out.
I continue to use Scrybe as my online calendar. Thanks to its Papersync feature, it's my pocket calendar as well.


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On this continuing episode of Talking Solutions, we have Thandi and Sidney, joining our host – Deaconess Simphiwe – to discuss the legacy of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. Talking Solutions is a show that brings Scripture-based solutions to life's problems.
Both guests share what they believe Nelson Mandela means to them as individuals. Thandi mentions that one of the things she learnt from him was that you cannot lead people with anger; that he decided not to allow the storm that should have been inside of him, to affect the people on the outside. They both believe that Mandela was God-sent, considering the situation he found himself with, and how he exceptionally handled that situation and the circumstances that the country was in during that period.
Sidney recollects the effect that Nelson Mandela had on the 1994 South African Rugby Team, and the Rugby World Cup. He talked about how rugby was previously seen as a white peoples' sport, but his involvement changed that notion. On the way Mandela fought for equality in the country, Sydney spoke about how that was scripture-based, and how he cannot find faults in most if not all of Mandela's actions.
Watch the episode and learn a whole lot more about the legacy of the late Nelson Mandela.
Share the post "Mandela: Legacy of Love Part 2 – Talking Solutions"


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Posted on 7th November 2014 by Martijn
Loki: Agent of Asgard: Trust Me
Loki: Agent of Asgard: Trust Me (Volume One) – Al Ewing & Lee Garbett (Marvel / Panini)
Having spent the majority of his life in the shadow of this "brother" Thor, Loki finally gets the chance to be his own man; but which Loki serves at the bequest of the All Mother? The Loki of old, the trickster, the schemer and Lord of Mischief, or Kid Loki, the younger self who was, and is, solely responsible for the crime that will not be forgiven? Or a curious combination of the two, each fulfilling their duties to Asgardia, no matter how distasteful and seemingly wrong, while all the time working to their own agenda, the one that best serves Loki and only Loki. And while it may not be immediately apparent, one thing is certain, finding out who is really pulling the strings and in control is going to be, and is, one heck of a lot of fun.
In 'Trust Me', Al Ewing plays a glorious game of prestidigitation, as Loki weaves his plan; plotting and scheming in secret and out in the open alike, obeying the rules while bending them to his own desires and dreams. It's a tale that appears to travel in one direction, as Loki storms Avengers Tower in order to ultimately help Thor, tracks Asgardians who have hailed to return and betrays the oldest of the Heroes who's stories have become legend in the halls of Asgard, which thanks to some incredibly snappy dialogue, characterisation and intelligent story telling (courtesy, this time, of Mr Ewing and not Loki, although that's not to say that the latter didn't, and hasn't, woven a spell or two on the former) and stunning visuals (Mr Garbett, take a well-deserved and earned bow) hits it's mark from the get go before being flipped on its head and racing off on an entirely different path. Just when you think you know what's happening, everything changes, and you realise that Loki's been playing his games on the reader as well as his chosen "victims". There are however, a couple of factors that even Loki couldn't have considered, as he plays his final hand, he finds himself outmatched and outplayed by a surprising, and more, than worthy opponent(s).
'Agent of Asgard''s tightly scripted story, as well as being a Super-Anti-Hero adventure, also feels like an ode to the classic heist movies whose spirit was most recently embodied in the Ocean's trilogy. You know you're being fooled, and suspect that you're being conned and made to believe one thing when another is true. But you don't mind, you don't mind at all. Because Loki imbues everything with a certain style, and a cool confidence that sweeps you along and makes you believe that anything and everything is possible. Which it is, as Al Ewing questions ideas of forgiveness and change and whether either is actually possible, or if, despite the endless lip service that we devote to the belief in both, they're hollow, empty concepts that have no place in the world. Remember folks, nothing is what it seems to be and everything, in the end, is just an illusion. Welcome to Loki's world… Tim Mass Movement
Tagged Agent of Asgard, Al Ewing, Graphic Novel, Lee Garbett, Loki, Trust Me


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Developer: Midway
Genre: Fighting
Originally on: Arcade (1997)
Mortal Kombat 4 is finally here! Since the first MK hit in 1992. it has been one of the most popular arcade series since, well. Street Fighter. Each incarnation has had just enough new additions to keep fans poppin' in their hard-earned quarters. MK was revolutionary in its gameplay (heck-it added the word "fatality" to every game player's vocabulary!). MK2 was just da bomb with several new characters. new fatalities and the most kick-ass graphics of any fighting game to date. MK3 had the Run button. originally scoffed at by some people as "no big deal" but now used as often as fireballs and uppercuts.
So what does the newest MK deliver? Its graphics are far superior to that of. say. Street Fighter EX. The idea, however, is extremely similar: a 3-D rendering of a 2-D fighting engine. Just as with SFEX. MK4 is lacking in 3-D gameplay. There is no sidestep, for instance. Ed Boon said he chose not to put it in because no one uses it in games like Tekken. But MK4 is also missing reversals and multistep throws that could have added much to its gameplay.
So as it stands, the game plays quite a bit like the series' previous installments-quite an achievement considering its 3-D graphics. It does have absolutely the best collision detection of any 3-D game (for example. you can uppercut or roundhouse someone out of the air just as you did in MK2 and MK3. but really can't do in SFEX. Tekken or the VF games).
Another major change is that now every character has a different weapon The finished version's weapons may be different from those in the test game. Once the game is tested for balance, the weakest character will get the strongest weapon and so on).
The finished version will also have scripted cinema endings, as well as one more selectable character and three secret characters.
On the MK4 test tour, gamers are getting their first taste of the new MK. But still to be added (besides the missing characters, character balance and other gameplay items) are the fatalities and endings. These will be quite different from what you're currently used to. The fatalities will be graphically enhanced. A few of them, such as Scorpion's fire-breathing finisher and Sub-Zero's spine rip. will look familiar, while an arm rip and others will be completely new. Boon has stated the perspective during fatalities will be much more dynamic. The endings will also cease to be two or three pictures with text underneath. The team is currently working on scripted cinema sequences! There is still quite a bit of work to be done to MK4!
Scorpion is the same fun-lovin' ninja he's always been. He still has his teleport, air throw, and of course, his "GET OVER HERE!" spear. The bad part is that his previous "real" combos, such as his teleport punch spear, don't work because of the animation times of his moves. His current weapon is a basic long sword.
Sub-Zero is pretty standard as well. He has his slide, freeze clone, and of course, his freeze fireball. His combos such as jump kick slide and freeze, uppercut then freeze in air for another hit, remain intact in MK4. His current weapon is a hatchet that can take off medium damage.
Sonya has the same old moves with the addition of a really cool weapon. Her (if she keeps it, that is) "spiked pinwheel" is a group of several spinning daggers on the end of a stick and can do the most damage next to Liu Kang's snake sword. Her diagonal kick seems to be more vertically arched as well.
LIU KAING
Liu Kang's moves are all the same but he is now a full-on F, F character with no more charge moves. His bicycle kick is now F, F LK making him even more deadly than he was in the previous MKs (and that's a bold statement!). His current weapon is a curved snake-like sword. It is fast and takes off the most damage.
RAIDEIN
Raiden is a little different. He now has a high and low fireball and his "backward lightning" no longer exists. The animation of his Torpedo is excellent. He doesn't seem to have his teleport anymore either. His current weapon does not do the kind of damage you'd expect from a 3-foot-long mallet.
Fujin has the most amount of moves of any new character. He has a jumping knee attack, a couple of spin moves as well as a fireball. He also has Ermac's levitate move. His weapon is the most interesting: a crossbow that shoots out a green bolt of energy that bounces off walls.
SHINNOK
Shinnok only had one move playable in the newest version and unfortunately as of press time we don't even know what that one move is. He is an evil character in Japanese mythology and looks extremely sinister in his red robe and strange hat. His weapon is a long staff with a blade on the end of it.
QUAN CHI
Quan Chi is the only character in MK4 making appearances in both MK Mythologies and MK: Annihilation (the MK movie sequel). He seems to be a monk of some kind. He has a couple combos as of press time, as well as a move where he automatically steals another opponent's weapon from his or her hands!
NOOB SAIBOT
Noob will probably have the same moves he did in the previous MK, but right now he doesn't have much of anything new. He has his teleport, but that's as fancy as he gets right now. Once he teleports through the floor, it's up to you to provide the attack. He has no weapon as of yet either.
One of two new characters in the most recent MK4 tour version was a much more reptilian Reptile. He has scales and a strange new mask. His only move right now is a bizarre one where he crawls on the ground after you. It is unknown if he will have his ball, spit or slide attacks.
Kai is the "African-American Liu Kang" character we reported in last month's EGM*. He is extremely fast and has several attacks, such as a fireball that shoots vertically (like the new Sub-Zero's freeze attack) and a move where he stands on his hands and chases after you. He had no weapon as of press time.
Who's still to come? Well you won't see ShangTsung (THE BEST CHARACTER), Kintaro, Shao Kahn or several characters from MK3 (NO JAX!). There is a chance Goro will be in it, as there are three characters still shrouded in mystery. One character will also be added to the selectable roster.
Download Mortal Kombat 4
It is still pretty early for information on Mortal 4. As of press time, we are about one week from the expected test release of the game, and Ed Boon is really keeping this one under wraps. Here's what we know so far: Returning from previous MKs are Raiden, Sonya, Liu Kang, Sub-Zero and Scorpion. New to the cast (see side panel of art) is Quan Chi, who also appears in the new Mortal Kombat movie Annihilation. The rest of the characters are still shrouded in mystery. The new ability found in MK4 has to do with weapons. Every character has his or her own weapons, and those weapons can be knocked out of his or her hands, picked up and used against its owner. It is still unclear how Boon (there are many people on the MK4 team, but Boon still does the bulk of the programming) will give us the feel of the previous MKs in a 3-D graphics style, however this game looks a bit darker than the some-i times colorful and "goofy" feel of MK3. This is a good thing for the fans of MK1 and 2, and those of us who thought MK3 was a little bit watered down.
Mortal Kombat 4 Screenshots and Media
Arcade Screenshots
Mortal Kombat 3 Makeover
Mortal Kombat 4 ver 2
Power Instinct 3
Power Stone
Rival Schools United by Fate
Sonic Fighters
Street Fighter 3 2nd Impact


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← Canada's Liberal Government Vows to Make Action on Climate Change More of a Priority in these COVID Troubled Times
Canadian Environmentalists Pleased to See PM Re-Commit to Fighting Climate Change Except for This … →
Ontario Government Expands COVID-19 Testing to Pharmacies
"As part of our plan to ensure that we are ready for future waves of COVID-19, our government is working with pharmacies to help expand testing for Ontarians," – Ontario Health Minister Christine Elliott
News from the Ontario Government
Ontario government is providing people with convenient and timely access to free COVID-19 testing at pharmacies in the province. As of Friday, up to 60 pharmacies in Ontario will begin offering testing by appointment only, with further locations coming online in the coming weeks. This initiative will expand testing capacity well beyond the province's 150 assessment centres.
Details were provided today by Premier Doug Ford and Christine Elliott, Deputy Premier and Minister of Health.
"We rely on our pharmacists for our flu shots, prescriptions, and important health advice for ourselves and our families. It makes sense to engage them as key partners in delivering more COVID-19 testing," said Premier Ford.
"I have to thank Shoppers Drug Mart, Rexall, and the independent pharmacies who have stepped up in a big way to help expand testing to more people in the province. With everyone pitching in, we are well on our way to reaching our goal of 50,000 tests a day and stopping the spread of COVID-19."
Pharmacies may choose to provide testing for Ontarians who have no COVID-19 symptoms. Individuals, within provincial testing guidance, will be able to visit select pharmacies by appointment only, and they will be pre-screened and then tested at no charge.
When visiting a pharmacy Ontarians should continue to follow COVID-19 public health measures, including wearing a face covering, frequent handwashing, and maintaining physical distance from those outside their household or social circle.
Ontario Government Deputy Premier and Health Minister Christine Elliott
"As part of our plan to ensure that we are ready for future waves of COVID-19, our government is working with pharmacies to help expand testing for Ontarians," said Minister Elliott. "With a recent increase in the number of cases, we are making sure people have more options for testing to identify cases of COVID-19 early. We must not let our guard down. Our best defense is still to follow all public health measures like practising physical distancing, wearing face masks and staying home when ill, so we can stop the spread of COVID-19."
The expansion of COVID-19 testing to pharmacies is part of the province's comprehensive plan to prepare the health system for a second wave of COVID-19. Keeping Ontarians Safe: Preparing for Future Waves of COVID-19 will help the province quickly identify, prevent and respond to any scenario in order to protect communities.
The Keeping Ontarians Safe plan will:
Maintain strong public health measures, including continued expansion of testing and case and contact management;
Quickly identify, manage and prevent COVID-19 outbreaks;
Accelerate efforts to reduce health service backlogs;
Prepare for surges in COVID-19 cases;
Recruit, retain, train and support health care workers, while also continuing to engage families and caregivers; and
Implement the largest flu immunization campaign in Ontario's history.
Given the size and complexity of the Keeping Ontarians Safe plan, the province will continue to release details over the coming days.
In addition, Women's College, Mount Sinai and University Health Network―Toronto Western Hospital assessment centres will be offering saliva testing this week. More assessment centres will offer this less invasive method in the coming weeks, giving Ontarians more options to access testing for COVID-19.
Beginning September 25, up to 60 pharmacy sites, including Shoppers Drug Mart, Rexall and independent pharmacies, will provide testing for Ontarians with no COVID-19 symptoms.
Testing is available at any of the province's 150 assessment centres currently open, and at participating pharmacies starting Friday. To find the closest pharmacy or assessment centre, please visit Ontario.ca/covidtest.
Stay at home and away from others if you are feeling ill. If you are experiencing any symptoms or worried you have been exposed to COVID-19, you should get tested at an existing assessment centre.
For added protection, download the COVID Alert app from the Apple and Google Play app stores.
"Ontario pharmacy professionals are providing care to patients on the frontlines and continue to step up with solutions to support patients during the pandemic. As we enter the flu season and a potential second wave of the pandemic, pharmacy professionals stand ready to do their part in helping curb the spread of the virus." – Justin Bates, CEO, Ontario Pharmacists Association
Ontario Expands COVID-19 Testing to Pharmacies
Visit Ontario's website to learn more about how the province continues to protect the people of Ontario from COVID-19.


All of the broken concrete and asphalt that comes into our recycling facility leaves as reusable aggregate. In 2005, Corell Recycling received the national award for Concrete Asphalt Recycler of the Year from the Construction Materials Recycling Association.
1. Recycled aggregate concrete may be an alternative to the conventional concrete. 2. Water required producing the same workability increases with the increase in the percentage of demolished waste. 3. Up to 30% replacement of coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate concrete was comparable to conventional concrete. 4.
The percent of fine recycled aggregate in the all recycled aggregate was about 5.0% so it was excluded from the study. 0 %,30 % and 60 % of coarse recycled aggregate was used in the experimental tests .
An overview of recycling concrete and ashphalt into aggregate base, including Greenbook and CalTrans specifications, organizations, and siting considerations in California. Published by the California Integrated Waste Management Board; information update d regularly.
recycled concrete families were created by replacing parts of the natural aggregates forming families of concrete with 0%, 20%, 50%, and of aggregates from recycled sources. The usual comparison between mixtures by comparison between behaviors of concrete families.
This relates to the proposed work, which focuses on the increased use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in civil infrastructure projects in the U.S., and more specifically the use of RCA in structural reinforced concrete building applications.
The use of recycled glass as a concrete glass aggregate is sure to bring all of those that see it great visual pleasure for many years to come. Add a splash of colour with our beautiful Australian manufactured crushed glass.
Recycled concrete is less expensive than aggregate sources, and its use would remove a sizeable amount of material from landfills, turning a waste product into a viable construction material.
and coarse recycled aggregates to limit the negative influence of aggregates on mechanical properties of concrete. Key words Superplasticizer, recycled aggregate, concrete, workability, viscosity, mechanical strength, grading.
develop RAC mix designs that maximized the percentage of recycled concrete aggregate, but that still fulfilled typical construction needs, such as early strength development. Conventional concrete mix designs served as controls during this study.


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brandon boyd carolyn murphy split
Il passa ses années d'école primaire à Calabasas et y rencontra Jose Pasillas dans les années '80. Carolyn was married to entrepreneur Jake Schroeder, with whom she has teenage daughter Dylan Blue, from 1999 until 2002. You'll see all the posts for that time period. They grow so fast but she'll always be my baby #mothersday. Puregym Promo Code March 2020, 22/08/2005 17:16 INCUBUS frontman BRANDON BOYD has split with his longtime girlfriend, Estee Lauder supermodel CAROLYN MURPHY. And, then she was titled "The blonde Gene Tierney" by Elle. However, the American beauty has stressed that there is much more to her than her enviable good looks. Brandon Boyd and Carolyn Murphy dated from 2002 to November, 2009. Social Engineering Pdf, Carolyn says that happiness is essential along with a good diet. Il fut influencé par la consommation de marijuana à ses débuts. 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Flag INCUBUS frontman BRANDON BOYD has split with his longtime girlfriend, Estee Lauder supermodel CAROLYN MURPHY. Brandon Boyd is a 44 year old American Singer. After her divorce with Schroeder, the super model moved on and has found a new love. Introduction To Group Theory With Applications Pdf, I Am A Rocknorth Carolina Absentee Ballot Postage, Prospero's Books Blu-ray, Their relationship lasted for about four years and they got apart in 2006. Brandon Boyd met his girlfriend Carolyn Murphy on the video shoot, which in its explicit form depicts group sex at at swingers convention. However, the blonde beauty and her ex-boyfriend were open about practising transcendental meditation together, while Carolyn has also worked with an energy healer for more than 20 years. Eureka Claremont Reservations, Also, on her social media, she frequently posts about her professional life, vacations, friends, and sometimes about her daughter, but there is nothing about her boyfriend. 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Sonicwall Tz600 Specs, His Sources Of Income, Salary, And Career, Legendary Comedian And Actor Jerry Stiller Dies At 92: His Career, Personal Life, And Net Worth, Princess Love Files For Divorce From Ray J Four Months After Welcoming a Baby, Carly Steel Gets Engaged To Beau Jacob Andreou In Front Of Eiffel Tower, Lyssa Chapman's Relationship With Girlfriend Leiana Evensen, Why Lyssa Chapman "Baby Lyssa" Divorced Her First Husband Brahman Galanti, Georgia Groome Gives Birth, Welcomes First Child, a Baby Girl, With Rupert Grint. Arizona Voting Online, BOYD AND MURPHY SPLIT. Skylines Imdb, Brandon a enregistré une version personnelle de sa chanson préférée (Alison d'Elvis Costello) pour une campagne. Roger tells the stories behind some of his biggest hits, including "Give a Little Bit," "Take the Long Way Home" and "The Logical Song.". Néanmoins, il déclare y avoir appris tout ce qu'il avait besoin d'apprendre. © 2020 FemaleFirst Ltd. all rights reserved. The couple — who lived together in Los Angeles — reportedly "grew apart" because the 29-year-old singer spent too much time touring with the hit metal band, reports Page Six. Leur avant-dernier album, "A Crow Left Of The Murder" (2004), confirme le talent toujours aussi grandissant du groupe. Subsequently, she also dated Brandon Boyd, the lead vocalist of the neo-grunge band Incubus. While Murphy has accused him of not honouring his obligations, however, Schroeder now claims that she is refusing to comply with the court decision. Killing Bites Nomoto, And Schroeder says she is no longer the woman he once loved. superbhub.com/biography/carolyn-murphy-net-worth-instagram-daughter-age A close friend o Schroeder said: "She's not letting him see his kid. Argentina League Fifa 20, Hidden Valley Condos For Sale, Boyd — who confirmed the spilt on his return from an extended world tour — is set to appear in a new Gap commercial. moved on and has found a new love. Axis M1065l Firmware, Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins Of The Internet Pdf, Le nom "Incubus" fut choisi au hasard dans un dictionnaire et était le nom d'un démon. Brandon Boyd is a 44 year old American Singer. INCUBUS frontman BRANDON BOYD has split with his longtime girlfriend, Estee Lauder supermodel CAROLYN MURPHY. Roblox Isle Escapes, What Makes You Different From Others Essay, U2 Announce Joshua Tree Tour 2017 at Levi's Stadium (Sponsored), Neil Diamond's 50th Anniversary Tour Headed to San Jose (Sponsored), Caitlyn Jenner: 'I'll always be proud of Bruce', Lady Gaga 'banned' by Chinese authorities after Dalai Lama meeting, Paul Rudd was clueless about co-star Selena Gomez's superstardom. Fagen talks about how the Steely Dan songwriting strategy has changed over the years, and explains why you don't hear many covers of their songs. Deep Learning Master Github, All he wants to do is see Dylan.". Carolyn previously said: "So often the American woman has been typified by a standard of outward beauty: blond hair, blue eyes, healthy build. Carolyn Murphy. She started, A post shared by Carolyn Murphy (@carolynmurphy), According to an article published by Vogue, Al Pacino: Personal And Professional Life-Net Worth, Age, Height, Movies & TV Shows, Wife & Children. His zodiac sign is Aquarius. Sets Math, Your email address will not be published. Their relationship was short lived and the couple got divorced in 2002. "Kids don't need to hear that nonsense," said Noel Gallagher. Pregnancy Rumors? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Boyd was raised in Calabasas, California along with his elder brother, Jason Boyd. We are currently in process of looking up more information on the previous dates and hookups. Brandon Boyd passa son enfance à Calabasas en Californie. Incubus frontman Brandon Boyd has split with his longtime girlfriend, Estee Lauder supermodel Carolyn Murphy. Jake Schroeder, an entrepreneur who the Estée Lauder model divorced a year and a half ago, received $1 million in cash and real estate at the time of the divorce. Or is she dating anyone?Let's find all the answers here. But, she can't live without her iPod. She signed an exclusive contract with Estee Lauder in 2001. Rivoluzione Scientifica Filosofia, The 42-year-old model-and-actress has split from the photographer, model and restaurateur after three years together, according the New York Post newspaper. Cependant, Brandon Boyd aurait déclaré que le groupe (encore ado à l'époque) avait choisi ce nom car la définition du mot contenait le mot "sexe", et ils trouvèrent ce fait amusant. "FACE cream-flogging vixen Carolyn Murphy has turned into a real maneater since her divorce from surfing entrepreneur Jake Schroeder. Son côté créatif fut modelé dès le plus jeune âge grâce à ses parents (Dolly et Charles) qui avaient beaucoup d'expérience en matière de spectacle. Axis Companion Eye Lve, Born to parents, Priscilla ''Dolly" Wiseman and Charles Boyd on 15th February 1976 as Brandon Charles Boyd in Van Nuys, California comes from the entertainment background. Murphy appeared in the 1998 and 1999 Pirelli Calendar. A post shared by Carolyn Murphy (@carolynmurphy) on May 8, 2016 at 5:31pm PDT. Browse previous blog posts by month and year of entry. Boyd - who confirmed the spilt on his return from an extended world tour - is Brandon Boyd is a celebrated American rock star with a huge fan base. The couple -- who lived together in Los Angeles -- reportedly "grew apart" because the 29-year-old singer spent too … He has not been previously engaged. The Kate Bush song "Running Up That Hill" is about making a deal with God to switch lives with your partner so there would be no more misunderstandings.
How To Stop A Camera Jammer, Button Accordion Songs, Jaylen Waddle Draft, Coraline 2 2022, Jack Halberstam Wild Things, Why Did Bo Leave Needtobreathe,
brandon boyd carolyn murphy split 2020


text:
Q: Error with Postgres Port when deploying to Herokuy I want to deploy to Heroku but I have an error:
Precompiling assets failed.
NOTE: I've put config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = false in my application.rb but it's still not working.
`Preparing app for Rails asset pipeline
   Running: rake assets:precompile
   rake aborted!
   could not connect to server: Connection refused
   Is the server running on host "127.0.0.1" and accepting
   TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `initialize'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `new'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:825:in `connect'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:542:in `initialize'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `new'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:41:in `postgresql_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:440:in `new_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:450:in `checkout_new_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:421:in `acquire_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:356:in `block in checkout'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:355:in `checkout'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:265:in `block in connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:264:in `connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:546:in `retrieve_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:79:in `retrieve_connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:53:in `connection'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:203:in `table_exists?'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/rolify-3.4.0/lib/rolify/configure.rb:48:in `block in sanity_check'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/rolify-3.4.0/lib/rolify/configure.rb:46:in `each'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/rolify-3.4.0/lib/rolify/configure.rb:46:in `sanity_check'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/rolify-3.4.0/lib/rolify/configure.rb:7:in `configure'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/config/initializers/rolify.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:222:in `load'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:222:in `block in load'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:213:in `load_dependency'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:222:in `load'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:609:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:608:in `each'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/engine.rb:608:in `block in <class:Engine>'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:215:in `initialize!'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `require'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `block in require'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:213:in `load_dependency'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `require'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:189:in `require_environment!'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:249:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
   /tmp/build_9ff1fa36-2743-4f79-a9ac-62679367458b/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/sprockets-rails-2.0.1/lib/sprockets/rails/task.rb:54:in `block (2 levels) in define'
   Tasks: TOP => environment
   (See full trace by running task with --trace)

!
 !     Precompiling assets failed.
 !     Attempted to access a nonexistent database:
 !     https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/pre-provision-database
 !
!     Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app`
Thanks!

A: once you set this code: config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = false
don't forget to commit the change before pushing to heroku:
git commit -m
git push to your github remote repo
then git push heroku master
anytime you make a change to your file, you need to first commit and then push to your remote repo before pushing to heroku. otherwise, heroku won't pick the change.
UPDATE:
Heroku address this same issue here. follow their solution

A: Thanks for the last answer, i had the same issue and that worked for me. I would just add to remove sqlite3 from the general gems and put it inside the development group:
group :development, :test do
 gem 'sqlite3'
end

group :production do
 gem 'pg',              '0.17.1'
 gem 'rails_12factor','0.0.2'
end

And of course, this made the trick
heroku addons:add heroku-postgresql

A: try this:
1)First open your Gemfile and remove gem 'sqlite3',Replace like this:
group :production do
  gem 'pg',              '0.17.1'
  gem 'rails_12factor','0.0.2'
end

2)Then run bundle install
3)open your config/application.rb and modified like this:
production:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: db/production.postgresql
  pool: 5
  username: test_postgre
  password:

remember git commit and push that.
4) then run heroku addons:add heroku-postgresql
5) now you can run git push heroku master
good luck!


text:
Moynihan Institute of Global Affairs
Asian Elephant Extravaganza
Moynihan Institute Events
August 17, 2019, 10 a.m.-3 p.m. EST
Rosamond Gifford Zoo, Syracuse NY
At Asian Elephant Extravaganza, celebrate Asian culture and honor the zoo's magnificent elephant herd. Join us for a day-long celebration that blends wildlife conservation education with the rich culture and heritage of the native countries of Asian elephants. Activities include keeper talks and herd member spotlights at Asian Elephant Preserve, education stations with elephant biofacts and information about the significance of elephants in Asian culture.In partnership with the Syracuse University South Asia Center and the Southeast Asia Program at Cornell University, this event also features performances of music, dance and artwork from Thailand, Bali, India and other South Asian countries.


text:
irReligion.org
Your last stop before eternal enlightenment
Theist Perspectives
About irReligion.org
Saturday March 29th, 2008
Business Owners, Customers Upset Over Controversial Billboard
Ian Amazing, Funny Stuff, News billboard, controvercy, fairy tails, religions 25 Comments
ORANGE COUNTY, Fla. — It looked harmless enough, but the words on a billboard un-nerved so many people that a popular restaurant nearby actually lost business.
The billboard was on Colonial Drive near the Old Cheney Highway. Although the popular Straub's Seafood restaurant often advertises on it, this wasn't their billboard.
The sign was taken down after Channel 9 started asking questions.
The billboard came down around 4:00 Friday afternoon and nearby business owners are relieved. Straub's restaurant can replace the sign with the night's specials.
At first glance the sign looked like a children's cartoon, but the message next to the fairy princess stirred emotions.
"When you condemn all religions and say they are a fairytale that is wrong," said Rich Stormes, a nearby business owner.
The billboard went up a week before Easter and business at the restaurant went down."Easter Sunday is usually a busy good day," said John Russel, an employee at Straub's. "Easter Sunday business was down by two thirds.
"Since it's so close, John Russel's customers thought the restaurant paid for the billboard. To clear any confusion up, Russel put up a sign of his own and called MediaNet, the company who owns the billboard.
"It's been causing us some problem. I think it's causing a bit of controversy city wide. People have been contacting the media," Russel added.
MediaNet said it had no idea the sign was there and someone put it up illegally in the middle of the night.
Nearby business owners said they weren't buying it.
"They should have known what was going up on the billboard. He should proof it. He had to proof it," Stormes stated.
The billboard rents for $1,400 a month. If an anti-religious group paid to rent it legitimately there is not telling how long it would have been up.
Orange County does not regulate messages on billboards. They are protected by free speech.
Monday March 10th, 2008
50 People Go Blind After Staring At The Sun Trying To See The Virgin Mary
Ian News, Stupidity blind, religion, stare, Stupidity, sun 35 Comments
50 people looking for solar image of Mary lose sight
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: At least 50 people in Kottayam district have reportedly lost their vision after gazing at the sun looking for an image of Virgin Mary.
Though alarmed health authorities have installed a signboard to counter the rumour that a solar image of Virgin Mary appeared to the believers, curious onlookers, including foreign travellers, have been thronging the venue of the 'miracle'.
St Joseph's ENT and Eye Hospital in Kanjirappally alone has recorded 48 cases of vision loss due to photochemical burns on the retina. "All our patients have similar history and symptoms. The damage is to the macula, the most sensitive part of retina. They have developed photochemical, not thermal, burns after continuously gazing at the sun," Dr Annamma James Isaac, the hospital's ophthalmologist, said.
The hospital has been receiving patients with these abnormal symptoms since Friday. When the doctors found a pattern in the case sheets, they reported it to the district medical officer.
The health department has now put up a signboard at the hotelier's house near Erumeli, where the divine image is said to have appeared, warning people against exposing their eyes to sunlight.
Even the churches in the vicinity disowned the miracle during Sunday mass after health officers and doctors approached the clergy. The house in question has been the centre of local rumours for a few months. Â The hotelier, who has since moved to another house, had claimed that statues of Mother Mary in his house have been crying honey and bleeding oil and perfumes.
Though people have been flocking to the "blessed land" – hastily christened Rosa Mystica Mountain – for long, the mad rush for the image in the sky began a week ago.
There are quite a few people still seeking the miracle, despite the experiences of their unfortunate predecessors and strict health warnings against gazing at the sun with the naked eye.
"The patients show varying degrees of severity. They are mostly girls in 12-26 age group. Our youngest patient is 12 and the oldest 60. Most of them were looking at the sun between 2 and 4 pm, when UV1 and UV2 rays are harshest," Dr James Isaac said. He added that they could identify the problem as solar retinopathy because they were aware of the local sensation.
"Most patients may hopefully improve their vision. But there may be long-term effects on the retina," he added.
Friday March 7th, 2008
Atheist Soldier Says Army Punished Him
Ian Bad News, News army, atheist, lawsuit, military, soldier, us, violation 1 Comment
 Atheist Soldier Says Army Punished Him
TOPEKA, Kan. – A soldier claimed Wednesday that his promotion was blocked because he had claimed in a lawsuit that the Army was violating his right to be an atheist.
Attorneys for Spc. Jeremy Hall and the Military Religious Freedom Foundation refiled the federal lawsuit Wednesday in Kansas City, Kan., and added a complaint alleging that the blocked promotion was in response to the legal action.
The suit was filed in September but dropped last month so the new allegations could be included. Among the defendants are Defense Secretary Robert Gates.
Hall alleges he was denied his constitutional right to hold a meeting to discuss atheism while he was deployed in Iraq with his military police unit. He says in the new complaint that his promotion was blocked after the commander of the 1st Infantry Division and Fort Riley sent an e-mail post-wide saying Hall had sued.
Fort Riley spokeswoman Alison Kohler said the post "can't comment on ongoing legal matters" and offered no further statement.
According to the lawsuit, Hall was counseled by his platoon sergeant after being informed that his promotion was blocked. He says the sergeant explained that Hall would be "unable to put aside his personal convictions and pray with his troops" and would have trouble bonding with them if promoted to a leadership position.
Hall responded that religion is not a requirement of leadership, even though the sergeant wondered how he had rights if atheism wasn't a religion. Hall said atheism is protected under the Army's chaplain's manual.
"It shouldn't matter if one is Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist or atheist," said Pedro Irigonegaray, an attorney whose firm filed the lawsuit. "In the military, all are equal and to be considered equal."
Maj. Freddy J. Welborn was named in the lawsuit as the officer who prevented Hall from holding a meeting of atheists and non-Christians. It alleges that Welborn threatened to file military charges against Hall and to block his re-enlistment. Welborn has denied the allegations.
The lawsuit alleges that Gates permits a military culture in which officers are encouraged to pressure soldiers to adopt and espouse fundamentalist Christian beliefs, and in which activities by Christian organizations are sanctioned.
Hall's attorneys say Fort Riley has permitted a culture promoting Christianity and anti-Islamic sentiment, including posters quoting conservative columnist Ann Coulter and sale of a book, "A Politically Incorrect Guide to Islam," at the post exchange.
The Pentagon has said that the military values and respects religious freedoms, but that accommodating religious practices should not interfere with unit cohesion, readiness, standards or discipline.
Mikey Weinstein, president and founder of the religious freedom foundation, said the lawsuit would show the "almost incomprehensible national security risks to America" posed by the military's pattern of violating the religious freedom of those in uniform.
"It is beyond despicable, indeed wholly unlawful, that the United States Army is actively attempting to destroy the professional career of one of its decorated young fighting soldiers, with two completed combat tours in Iraq, simply because he had the rare courage to stand up for his constitutional rights," Weinstein said in a statement.
Weinstein previously sued the Air Force for acts he said illegally imposed Christianity on its students at the academy. A federal judge threw out that lawsuit in 2006.
Tuesday March 4th, 2008
Violence Leaves Young Iraqis Doubting Clerics
Ian Amazing, Good News, Interesting, News atheism, clerics, iraq, islam, muslim, religion, war 2 Comments
Religion shows it's true colors and Iraqi youth wake up to reality. Maybe there's hope for the Middle East?
BAGHDAD — After almost five years of war, many young people in Iraq, exhausted by constant firsthand exposure to the violence of religious extremism, say they have grown disillusioned with religious leaders and skeptical of the faith that they preach.
In two months of interviews with 40 young people in five Iraqi cities, a pattern of disenchantment emerged, in which young Iraqis, both poor and middle class, blamed clerics for the violence and the restrictions that have narrowed their lives.
"I hate Islam and all the clerics because they limit our freedom every day and their instruction became heavy over us," said Sara, a high school student in Basra. "Most of the girls in my high school hate that Islamic people control the authority because they don't deserve to be rulers."
Atheer, a 19-year-old from a poor, heavily Shiite neighborhood in southern Baghdad, said: "The religion men are liars. Young people don't believe them. Guys my age are not interested in religion anymore."
The shift in Iraq runs counter to trends of rising religious practice among young people across much of the Middle East, where religion has replaced nationalism as a unifying ideology.
Sunday March 2nd, 2008
Masturbation is THE DEVIL!!!
Ian Funny Stuff, Stupidity bad, masturbation, men, mormon, religion, sex, women 16 Comments
 Are you a Mormon? Perhaps you're just a Christian, or maybe just religious. Well, there's something you should know.. masturbation is pure evil, don't do it and don't associate with people who do.
Overcoming Masturbation
Masturbation is a quickly-forming habit that can adversely affect both men and women of all ages. Despite what some might tell you, masturbation is not harmless. If you are trying to overcome masturbation, be assured that it is possible (even though, like any habit, it may take some work). If you are determined to do it, you will be able to. This page will give you some tips that can help you along the way.
Determination is the first step. That is where we begin. You must decide that you will end this practice, and when you make that decision, the problem will be greatly reduced at once.
But it must be more than a hope or a wish, more than knowing that it is good for you. It must be actually a DECISION. If you truly make up your mind you will have the strength to resist temptations which will come to you.
After you have made this decision, then observe the following specific guidelines:
1. Never touch the intimate parts of your body except during normal washing and using the bathroom.
2. Avoid being alone as much as possible. Find good company and stay in this good company, especially when you are feeling particularly weak.
3. If you are associated with other persons having this same problem, YOU MUST BREAK OFF THEIR FRIENDSHIP. Never associate with other people having the same weakness. Don't suppose that two of you will quit together, you never will. You must get away from people of that kind. Just to be in their presence will keep your problem foremost in your mind. The problem must be taken OUT OF YOUR MIND for that is where it really exists. Your mind must be on other and more wholesome things.
4. After you bathe, don't admire yourself in the mirror. Stay in the shower just long enough to clean yourself. Then dry off and GET OUT OF THE BATHROOM into a room where you will have some member of your family present.
5. When in bed (especially if that is where you masturbate), wear pajamas or other clothes so that you cannot easily touch yourself (and so that it would be difficult to remove those clothes. The time it takes to remove your clothing gives additional time to controll your thinking and overcome the temptation).
6. If the temptation seems overpowering while you are in bed, GET OUT OF BED! Go into the kitchen and make a snack, even if it is in the middle of the night, and even if you are not hungry. The purpose behind this suggestion is that you GET YOUR MIND ON SOMETHING ELSE. You are the subject of your thoughts, so to speak.
7. Never look at pornography on the internet or elsewhere. Never read about your problem (even on sites claiming to be "educational"). Keep it out of mind. Remember — "First a thought, then an act." The thought pattern must be changed. You must not allow this problem to remain in your mind. When you accomplish that, you soon will be free of the act.
8. Put wholesome thoughts into your mind at all times. Read good books, scriptures, talks of church leaders. Make a daily habit of reading at least one chapter of Scripture, preferably from one of the four Gospels in the New Testament, or the Book of Mormon. The four Gospels — Matthew, Mark, Luke and John — above anything else in the Bible can be helpful because of their uplifting qualities.
9. Pray. But when you pray, don't pray about this problem, for that will tend to keep it in your mind more than ever. Pray for faith, pray for understanding of the Scriptures, pray for members of your family who need help. Pray for your friends, BUT KEEP THE PROBLEM OUT OF YOUR MIND BY NOT MENTIONING IT EVEN IN YOUR PRAYERS. KEEP IT OUT of your mind! The attitude of a person toward his problem has an affect on how easy it is to overcome. It is essential that a firm commitment be made to control the habit. As a person understands his reasons for the behavior, and is sensitive to the conditions or situations that may trigger a desire for the act, he develops the power to control it.
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Returns the value of the span-missing-items property of a line-graph-view. The value may be set at creation time by passing the span-missing-items initarg, or any time later by calling (setf span-missing-items).
A boolean value indicating whether line segments will be drawn across chart items that have no values in a line-graph-view of a chart-widget. The default value is nil.
The chart-widget allows any combination of a chart item and chart object to either have a value or not. When there is no value, nothing is drawn on the chart for that chart item and object.
A special case is that a chart object may have no value for a sequence of one or more chart items, but have values for items on both sides of that sequence of items. This raises the question as to whether a line should be drawn between the groups of items that do have values.
If span-missing-items is true, then a single straight line is drawn between the last chart item before the sequence of non-value items and the first item after the no-value items. If span-missing-items is nil, then no such line is drawn, and lines will connect only contiguous items that all have values.


Zach has been involved with the Marching Arts since 2004. Zach performed with the Blue Stars Drum and Bugle Corps from 2007 to 2010, and graduated from the University of Denver with a Bachelor's Degree in Trumpet Performance.
During 2011, Zach served on the Administrative Staff with the Crossmen Drum and Bugle Corps, where he discovered his love for photography after buying a camera to document his summer with the corps.
Zach is currently a Wedding and Portrait photographer residing in Flower Mound, Texas along with his beautiful wife Lea (A Phantom Regiment alum).