Professor Brien Holden was a leading champion for research and the development of new and better vision care technology and products.
Brien Holden's contributions extended across research, education, public health and social enterprise.
He generated over $1.3 billion in research, education and humanitarian funds and was described by Professor Earl Smith at the award of his Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters at the University of Houston as, "the most influential optometrist of our generation."
His efforts were acknowledged through a host of national and international awards and honours, including an Order of Australia Medal for his work in eye health and vision science; the Schwab Social Entrepreneur Award for Africa 2010 at the regional World Economic Forum; the Charles F. Prentice Medal (optometry's highest scientific honour) and seven honorary doctorates from universities in Canada, South Africa, UK and the US.
In 2010, the Institute for Eye Research was renamed the Brien Holden Vision Institute in recognition of his contributions.
Following the completion of his optometry training at Melbourne University in 1964, Brien Holden embarked on an impactful journey by boat to the UK with his new wife. Seeing the poverty and hardship at several port stops along the way stimulated a lifelong interest in humanitarian pursuits and social justice.
After completing his PhD in corneal and contact lens research in the United Kingdom at the City University London in 1971, Brien returned to Australia to take up a position as Lecturer at the University of New South Wales Australia (UNSW) in Sydney. This proved to be an incredibly fertile research and educational environment in the early 1970s.
It was here that a group led by Brien Holden began to quickly develop expertise in soft contact lenses. Brien's influence was not only felt in contact lens studies and research, but also in teaching diagnostic drugs. His UK qualifications enabled him to be both the first person to be registered in optometry to use diagnostic drugs and the first teacher of the subject in Australia.
In 1973, Brien and several postgraduate students began research to determine what was needed in contact lenses to maintain eye health. This group managed to attract the interest of other researchers to work with them, expanding beyond the original goal of understanding the effects of contact lenses on the cornea to include all aspects of contact lenses – from lens design, material properties and performance to the effects of a wide range of ocular devices, procedures and contact lens solutions on the eye.
The Cornea and Contact Lens Research Unit (CCLRU) was established in 1976 by Brien to develop the specialty within what was then known as the School of Optometry at UNSW (it later became the School of Optometry and Vision Science). The CCLRU grew quickly, along with its reputation, attracting industry interest and funding, and became the basis for the phenomenal growth in research activity within the School of Optometry in subsequent years.
Its staff included optometrists, biologists, physiologists, biochemists, microbiologists and biostatisticians and it became the major organiser of contact lens related clinical trials around the world, collaborating with what is now one of the world's leading eye research institutes and hospitals, the LV Prasad Eye Institute (a long-time research partner) in India.
The CCLRU went on to make significant contributions to the world of contact lenses – understanding the eye's needs, developing toric soft contact lenses and setting the agenda for clinical care of contact lens wearers. It also developed a postgraduate research program as well as expertise in continuing education, delivering contact lens training to thousands of practitioners and educators throughout Asia. World leaders in the field were attracted to Sydney, helping develop the international reach of the group.
The success of the CCLRU spurred Brien Holden onto further challenges. Brien and colleagues saw the need for an independent, but university-affiliated, Australian institute to promote and develop eye research and education and in 1985, they established the Institute for Eye Research as a non-profit research institute.
The Institute for Eye Research undertook a range of both applied and basic scientific and clinical research projects dedicated to advancing knowledge of the eye and vision system and to create innovative vision correction products. It managed this by employing a policy of engagement with external organisations as a way to draw on expertise from around the world to create inventive solutions to some of the major challenges facing the field. This included forging long-standing associations with organisations such as the LV Prasad Eye Institute and the University Hospital in Helsinki.
When the Australian Government established the Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) Program in 1991, Brien immediately saw an opportunity to create new breakthroughs through the relationships between research and industry that the program promoted. The Cooperative Research Centre for Eye Research and Technology (CRCERT) was established in 1991 with Brien as Director, developing collaborations with Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, CSIRO, University of Western Sydney, Queensland University of Technology, the Optometric Vision Research Foundation and later, the University of Houston and the Centre for Eye Research Australia, among many others.
CRCERT received grants of $37 million over 13 years and provided the basis from which the Vision CRC was established in 2003 and a Vision CRC extension granted in 2009 – a total of $85 million in CRC funding over 25 years. This level of government support attracted over $800 million in industry and partner investment in the CRCs.
These organisations achieved their goals of delivering breakthrough research and innovative products, with products delivering over $1 billion a year in sales and $300 million in total royalties (divided amongst the CRC participants). The CRCs also made important contributions in the areas professional education and vision care delivery.
Brien Holden's research focus was in the area of ocular health and vision with all forms of vision correction, including contact lenses and surgery. He was the driving force behind the development of a number of products. Most notably, the breakthrough highly oxygen permeable silicone hydrogel lenses with CIBA VISION, which have revolutionised the contact lens market.
Brien and his researchers also developed the technology that resulted in the creation of soft toric contact lenses for the correction of astigmatism. These lenses were successfully launched worldwide in 2002 and rapidly became one of the most successful toric designs ever launched.
The invention of the silicone hydrogel contact lens solved the problem of supplying high enough levels of oxygen to the cornea to overcome the problem of hypoxia. This was a major barrier to the development of successful extended wear contact lenses. Brien had laid much of the foundation for this breakthrough through his earlier research, such as specifying the minimum oxygen transmissibility required to avoid excessive levels of corneal oedema during daily and extended contact lens wear. Conducted with colleague Dr George Mertz, this became known as the 'Holden-Mertz criterion'. The silicone hydrogel lenses have earned billions in product sales for industry.
Over the years Brien collaborated with every major industry organization. Other products to reach the market under his leadership include multifocal contact lenses for presbyopia (co-developed with Ciba Vision) and spectacle lenses to control the progression of myopia (co-developed with Carl Zeiss Vision).
One of Brien's defining characteristics was his willingness to take risks and the CRC Program provided a platform for the kind of breakthrough research that would yield immense rewards if successful. He instigated several projects in the surgical area through this program – some didn't succeed, but others, such as the 'Accommodating Gel', a polymer gel to replace the aged natural lens of the eye for those with cataract and presbyopia has demonstrated feasibility, and still holds the promise of a revolutionary treatment.
A more recent investment was the development of a neuro-ophthalmic device that could detect a range of general health disorders by observing the visual system. The ability of this device to detect concussion is currently being explored and it could be a major benefit to the world if it proves effective.
Brien began his research career in the area of myopia, having undertaken his PhD in the late 1960s on the topic of orthokeratology. It again became a major focus later in his career as evidence began to show that myopia was rapidly reaching epidemic proportions across the world. In 2010, there were an estimated 1.4 billion myopes around the world. Research now indicates this number will grow to around 5 billion by 2050 if left unchecked, and include almost 1 billion high myopes who will be at a significantly increased risk of potentially blinding conditions.
Understanding the emerging threat to vision that myopia presented, Brien installed this as a major program of Vision CRC when it began in 2003, with the objective of developing an optical device that would control the progression of the condition and prevent people moving into the high myopia category. Collaborating with University of Houston School of Optometry, the program delivered a spectacle lens (co-developed with Carl Zeiss Vision) that demonstrated an ability to slow the progression of myopia in children with a certain parental history, released commercially in 2011.
Not satisfied with the urgency with what he believed this emerging 'epidemic' was being addressed, Brien arranged, with the support of the Australian Minister for Health, Mr Peter Dutton, a World Health Organization Global Scientific Meeting on Myopia at the Brien Holden Vision Institute in 2015. The meeting brought together scientists, researchers and clinicians from each WHO region, to review the evidence on myopia, identify knowledge gaps and make recommendations to address this to better inform clinical practice and public health policy.
Carrying on the work that Brien began, the Brien Holden Vision Institute continues to pursue more effective treatments for myopia, working on novel contact lens and spectacle designs to provide better myopia control, developing education programs to assist practitioners manage their patients, and to help raise awareness about this emerging public health issue.
During the 1980s, there was a strong growth in the use of contact lenses for vision correction in the Asia-Pacific region. Despite this growth there was a lack of regulation both of contact lens practice and products and a lack of training and education throughout the region.
In many Asian countries minimal opportunities existed for contact lens practitioners to acquire initial or continuing professional education and it was common for contact lens fitting to be carried out by people without formal contact lens education. As a result, the standards of care available varied considerably.
In 1990, Brien and colleagues from the CCLRU instigated the Asia Pacific Contact Lens Education Program (APCLEP) as a way to educate contact lens practitioners in countries across the Asia-Pacific and improve eye care, contact lens education and contact lens fitting. This included raising sponsorship from the ophthalmic firm Bausch & Lomb, which helped support the program. Its first series of lectures were held in China and over the next 10 years APCLEP reached over 20,000 practitioners.
Brien Holden was also involved in the establishment of the International Association of Contact Lens Educators (IACLE) and as President (1991-2000), which developed educational infrastructure and resources specifically targeting hundreds of contact lens educators throughout the world. IACLE programs now exist in over 60 countries. Similar programs were initiated for educator and practitioner training in refraction and progressive spectacle dispensing in association with Essilor International through Brien Holden Vision Institute.
Brien also made important contributions through his involvement with the School of Optometry and Vision Science at UNSW where he evolved from Lecturer in 1971 to Scientia Professor in 2001. He had visiting appointments at universities across the globe, including the United Kingdom, Finland, United States, Canada and China.
He created many opportunities for postgraduate research students through the organisations he was been involved with, including supervising or co-supervising over 30 PhD students The CCLRU, Institute for Eye Research, CRCERT, Vision CRC and Brien Holden Vision Institute have all possessed strong student programs and many graduates have become some of the finest professionals, researchers and educators in their fields.
These organisations have educated almost 200 PhD and MSc students.
Brien was a fierce advocate within the optometric community to increase efforts to help those in need.
With colleagues Brian Layland, David Pye, Debbie Sweeney and Frank Back he established VisionCare NSW in 1992 to manage the NSW Government Spectacle Program, which delivers subsidised eye care to those in need. VisionCare NSW supplied over one and a half million pairs of spectacles to financially disadvantaged people in NSW from 1992 to 2014.
In 1998, he co-founded the International Centre for Eyecare Education (ICEE) (now Brien Holden Vision Institute, Public Health) to establish eye care services in developing communities throughout the world. It now delivers self-sustaining education programs and ensures the necessary supporting infrastructure and supplies of spectacles and equipment exists to ensure these services are sustainable. The programs continue to build eye care services for Indigenous Australians and other communities throughout the world.
Brien Holden also made a significant contribution to global initiatives to address avoidable blindness and vision impairment through his involvement with the peak global bodythe International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) and through the World Health Organization (WHO) Refractive Error Working Group.
Along with colleagues Dr Gullapalli 'Nag' Rao and Dr Serge Resnikoff,, Brien made important representations to have refractive error recognised as a leading cause of blindness and impaired vision by the WHO. This is now a key theme for Vision 2020, the global initiative of the IAPB and WHO to eliminate avoidable blindness.
Brien Holden Vision Institute instigated the inaugural World Congress on Refractive Error in 2007 which has further promoted global efforts in this area. As a critical part of this initiative Brien and colleagues developed the epidemiological data on the global size of the problem. This assisted in the development of a global plan of action to eliminate uncorrected refractive error by the year 2020.
With colleagues from the Brien Holden Vision Institute, and with CBM, Fred Hollows Foundation and Vision 2020 Australia, Brien was instrumental in developing the proposal that resulted in an allocation from the Australian Government of $67 million over four years to eliminate avoidable blindness and impaired vision in the Pacific region.
His commitment to this issue saw him address the National Press Club in 2005, where he alerted the audience of the enormous need for vision correction to address a problem that impacts on the health, quality of life, education and economic opportunities of so many. In the following years he continued to emphasis the link between avoidable vision impairment, disability and poverty.
Professor Holden's association with India began in the mid-1980s through a friendship with Dr Gullapalli 'Nag' Rao, founder of the LV Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), now one of India's leading eye care, research and teaching hospitals. Through his involvement in the Australia-India Council, Brien joined Indian and international optometry leaders to initiate the necessary regulatory, infrastructure and education change to transform the eye care landscape in India.
With over 400 million people needing vision correction and more than 100 million blind or vision impaired because they don't have access to an eye examination and a pair of glasses – including 11 million children – India faces a huge task in addressing this need. It was estimated that the country will need at least 100 schools of optometry over the next few decades to meet the demand for fully qualified optometrists. Ensuring that quality education is delivered in all these undergraduate programs would require the development of a minimum of 1000 optometric educators who are capable of facing the challenges ahead to help produce around 5000 optometry graduates per year.
The 'Delhi Declaration', a blueprint for the reform needed to meet this challenge, was signed in 2010. As a result, several organisations have now been established to unify the profession, provide the regulatory leadership needed and to help build education capacity. These include the Indian Optometry Federation, India Vision Institute (joint initiative of the Brien Holden Vision Institute and LVPEI) and the Optometry Council of India.
A staunch advocate for quality education, Professor Holden explained; "Australia can assist by sharing lessons learned from the academic, professional and legislative pathway that we have followed over the last 80 years to become an effective health care profession. Optometry in Australia is now a very well defined profession and makes a significant contribution to the country's welfare".
Refractive error includes conditions such as myopia, presbyopia and hyperopia which affect the vision of billions worldwide. Myopia alone affects more than 600 million Chinese people.
Brien Holden was one of the driving forces behind the establishment of the Australia China Centre for Optometry Research and Development (ACCORD) in Guangzhou, China in 2012.
This joint initiative with the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, has enabled cooperation in clinical and fundamental research into refractive error. Particularly in the Aisan context. .
All of Brien Holden's career activities and achievements are a result of collaborative partnerships he has established with colleagues and organisations in Australia and around the world. With long-time colleague Emeritus Professor Brian Layland, and importantly under the direction of Sandra Bailey, CEO of the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW (AH&MRC), they have achieved the recognition and service of optometry to Aboriginal community controlled health services for Aboriginal people all over Australia, particularly in New South Wales and the Northern Territory. Brien was also a strong supporter of the establishment of the Aboriginal Health College, operated by the AH&MRC, which opened its permanent facility in Little Bay, Sydney, in 2009.
Other major collaborators include Dr Antti Vannas, an outstanding researcher and surgeon, who opened up the world of ophthalmology research for Brien, enabling him to realise the potential for improved vision correction that could result from understanding the cornea and its response to surgery.
Dr Nag Rao, founder of the LV Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI) in India, has been a long-term partner in both vision correction research and efforts to address avoidable blindness and vision impairment worldwide. He has also been an important figure in the development and successes of organisations such as the Brien Holden Vision Institute. Cooperation between ophthalmology and optometry through partnerships with Antti Vannas, Nag Rao, Dr Hugh Taylor and, later, Dr Serge Resnikoff, was an enlightening and empowering experience for Brien.
Brien Holden's contributions to the L V Prasad Eye Institute were acknowledged by LVPEI when it named its centre investigating the causes and treatments of eye conditions, the Professor Brien Holden Research Centre.
Over the course of his career, Brien Holden received over 30 national and international awards from organisations around the world for his contributions to research, eye care and health, including seven honorary doctorates from the U.S., U.K., South Africa and Canada. He delivered more than 90 Keynote Addresses, authored more than 220 refereed papers, 26 book chapters and 380 refereed abstracts.
Brien served as a member of government licensing, advisory and registration bodies, several boards of management and acted in an editorial capacity and as referee on a range of international academic journals.
In 1997, Brien Holden received the Medal of the Order of Australia for outstanding contributions to eye care research and education.
1986: The Ruben Gold Medal, International Society for Contact Lens Research.
1988: The HB Collin Research Medal, Australian Optometrical Association.
1988: The Glenn A. Fry Award, American Academy of Optometry.
1993: The Kenneth W Bell Medal, Contact Lens Society of Australia.
1994: University of Houston College of Optometry Award.
1995: Honorary Life Member, Dutch Optometric Association (ANVO).
1997: Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM).
1997: British Contact Lens Association Medal.
1998: Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, Pennsylvania College of Optometry.
1999: Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, The City University London.
2001: Scientia Professorship, University of New South Wales.
2002: G Peter Halberg Medal, International Ophthalmological Contact Lens Council.
2002: Special Recognition Award Medal, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
2002: Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, University of Durban-Westville.
2002: Inducted into the USA National Optometry Hall of Fame.
2002: Inaugural Roger Kame Memorial Award. Global Orthokeratology Symposium.
2003: Dr Jospeh Dallos Award, The Contact Lens Manufacturers Association.
2003: Wichterle Medal, Czech Contact Lens Society.
2004: Inaugural International Award of the Academy of Optometry, American Academy of Optometry.
2005: Josef Lederer Award for Excellence in Optometry, Optometry Association Australia.
2005: Allan Walker Medal, Association of Contact Lens Manufacturers.
2006: Prince Abdulaziz Bin Ahmad Shield for the Prevention of Blindness.
2007: Honorary Fellowship, The College of Optometrists (UK).
2007: Donald R Korb Award, Contact Lens Section of the American Optometric Association.
2008: Honorary Member of the Accommodation Club.
2008: University of Houston College of Optometry Award.
2008: Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science, Ohio State University.
2008: Carel C. Koch Memorial Medal Award, American Academy of Optometry.
2009: Dr Leonard Bronstein Memorial Award.
2010: Honorary Doctorate, Université de Montréal Canada.
2010: Schwab Social Entrepreneur Award for Africa 2010, at the regional World Economic Forum - joint award with Dr Kovin Naidoo, ICEE Africa.
2011: Excellence in Innovation Award, CRC Association.
2011: VOSH / International Lifetime Achievement Award.
2011: Founder's Award, American Academy of Optometry.
2012: Honorary Doctorate, Degree of Doctor of Humane Letters, University of Houston.
2012: Lt. Gen. Jahan Dad Memorial Gold Medal Award, Pakistan Optometric Society.
2013: Global Specialty Lens Symposium Award of Excellence.
2013: Distinguished Service Award, World Council of Optometry.
2013: The Garland W. Clay Award, American Academy of Optometry.
2013: The Peter Watson Medal, Cambridge Ophthalmology Society.
2014: James Cook Medal, The Royal Society of New South Wales.
2014: Charles F. Prentice Medal, American Academy of Optometry.
2016: Lifetime Achievement Award, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (posthumous).
Holden BA & Mertz GW, Critical oxygen levels to avoid corneal edema for daily and extended wear contact lenses, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Oct 1984 Vol 25, 1161‐1167.
Holden BA, Sweeney DF, Vannas A, Nilsson KT & Efron N, Effect of long‐term extended contact lens wear on the human cornea, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Nov 1985 Vol 26, 1489‐1501.
Holden BA, Fricke TR, May Ho S, Wong R, Schlenther G, Cronjé S, Burnett A, Papas E, Naidoo KS, Frick KD, Global vision impairment due to uncorrected presbyopia, Archives of Ophthalmology, Vol 126 (No. 12), Dec 2008.
TST Smith, a KD Frick,a BA Holden,b TR Fricke b & KS Naidoo, Potential lost productivity resulting from the global burden of uncorrected refractive error, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2009;87:431–437.
Stapleton F, Keay L, Edwards K, Naduvilath T, Dart JKG, Brian G & Holden BA,' The incidence of contact lensrelated microbial keratitis in Australia', Ophthalmology, 2008; 115:1655-1662.
Naidoo KS, Raghunandan A, Mashige KP, Govender P, Holden BA, Pakharel GP & Ellwein LB, 'Refractive error and visual impairment in African children in South Africa', Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003;44:3764-3770.
Holden BA, Mertz GW & McNally JJ. 'Corneal swelling response to contact lenses worn under extended wear conditions', Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, February 1983.
Zantos SG, Holden BA. Transient endothelial changes soon after wearing soft contact lenses. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1977;54:856-8.


Liberia - Peridot, cleansing gemstone mounted on the symbols of fire to cleanse the spirit and release negativity.
This is the healer's healer. For all that its energy is friendly and quite bouncy, peridot flushes out negativity, darkness and toxins - emotioonal, physical and spiritual. One needs to be balanced and steady to benefit greatly from its use. From time immemorial it has been claimed that peridot slows the aging process at a physical and mental level. Because of its natural tendency to restore and apply balance in growth, peridot stabilises cycles of all sorts, and for this reason can be a stone greatly supportive of spiritual development. It also - and perhaps paradoxically - has a stabilising effect on physical cycles, so can be helpful in building abundance.
Each Briar Gemstone Pendant is set in 925 Sterling Silver, ornamented with 18ct gold, and includes a design of ancient symbols and scripts that correspond with and promote the specific benefits of each gemstone. They are mounted on a black cord, and presented in a purple satin pouch, each Briar Gemstone has its own unique energy, vibration and aura. Shipping is included in the price.
Firstly find a quiet place, sit down in a comfortable position, and then ground and centre yourself. Hold your pendant in front of you and study it very carefully. By meditating on the gemstone's colours, inclusions and beauty, you will start to tune into its unique vibration. Your aura will begin to join with the aura of the Gemstone. Study the ancient symbols or scripts on the pendant and allow these shapes to imprint on your aura. Then put it on.


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HEARTBREAKING! Love Play Gone Wrong, This Girl Died After Playing Love With Her Partner, See What Happened
Social Survey
Love is a beautiful thing and it is always adorable to see lovers expressing how much they feel for each other.
So, when you see two people in love showing off their love on social media, it is common to hear, "God when".
15242 READ: FUNNY OR ANNOYING? This Murderer Quoted A Bible Verse After He Was Sentenced, See What Happened Next
Sadly, a lot of these love playing do not always end well and that was what happened when Noah Ray Hadley fatally shot his 19-year-old girlfriend Claypool's outside a house party.
Claypool was visiting home for summer break.
She had just wrapped up her freshman year at University of Nevada, Reno, and was set to return to school if she wasn't killed.
The shooting happened in the parking lot of a gated neighbourhood.
When it happened, Noah immediately called 911 but lied that his girlfriend had been shot by "some random guy"
After Noah had fired the shot, he thrust the handgun at a friend, who then hid the weapon under the driver's seat of his truck before officers arrived. The police later recovered the weapon where it was hidden.
MUST WATCH:
Claypool was immediately taken to the hospital but she eventually died.
She was said to have died of a single gunshot wound to the chest.
When Noah was questioned, his account of the incident was inconsistent and he changed his story like three times.
The police also got a video posted to Noah's Snapchat account seven minutes before the 911 call.
In the three-second video, it was reported that Noah holding the black handgun used in killing Claypool.
In defence, Noah's attorney said that
"The shooting was not a case of premeditated murder but instead a stupid, horrible, tragic accident."
Just before Noah was sentenced, he was asked if he had anything to say and he said;
"I would just like to say that I'm very sorry to the family. I understand that nothing I can say or do will ever make up for their loss.
READ ALSO: IS THIS TRUE? Drug Addicts Are Potential Murderers, See Boy Who Killed His Whole Family, This Story Will Make You Cry
I do hope they can understand one day that this was an accident, and I'm just so sorry."
When he looked around the courtroom, one of Claypool's relative said that he shouldn't look at them.
Obviously, they were bitter towards him.
Even Claypool's father painfully said in a statement that;
"Noah Hadley plunged our family into hell. Generations lost. Generations yet to join our family who will never know her — only stories of her horrific end at the hands of Noah Hadley."
Claypool's mother also that
"The loss is heavy. The death of Mia is crushing. It shatters our hearts. I had to make that phone call to UNR, to the dean, to withdraw her from all the classes she had registered for.
"She was a bright light. She was born and destined to be a civil rights attorney, But we'll never know how she would have changed the world and the lives she would have impacted."
The 19-year-old boy pleaded guilty for involuntary manslaughter and might be facing a jail term of up to four years.
Truthfully, the young man did not kill her on purpose, but it didn't change the fact the girl was dead and he has tagged a murderer.
Lovers are free to have as many "aww" moments as they want, but they must be very careful.
May a lover's hangout but end up as a funeral service.
8 Students Injured As Bus Got Into An Accident😲 (Driver Had Heart Attack)
W/R: Effia-Nkwanta Hospital records 30 Coronavirus cases in one week
Find The Different Vampire One Out | Spot The Odd Emoji Out | Find The Difference | Odd One Out Game

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Then why is it record snow outside, and why are ancient cities under the ocean?
Mass genocidal ideology or fried chicken? Not a hard choice.
Nom just got destroyed in epic fashion. That was a pretty pathetic match. Very sad to watch him so helpless.
Atheists practicing Laveyan Satanism are still doing it.
Lenin at least thought of himself as a revolutionary. Stalin was simply a tyrant murderer.
It is if the person debating you says "Hitler was right wing" and you have Nazi quotes where actual Nazis, including Hitler, say they were left wing.
In other words you called for Obama's impeachment because you aren't a raging, lying hypocrite.
Video of a socialist Marxist doesn't help your propaganda. Try again.
The internet is the left's enemy. Because of it, the left can't hide or suppress news and control some propaganda monopoly so easily. Jordan Peterson's voice is dangerous to them because, at least for now, you can't completely silence the internet in free countries.
The left wants Conservatives, Libertarians, Independents to have no voice because they know they can't possible win debates using logic due to the fact that modern leftistism is completely illogical.
When Mexico deports people & seperates kids from parents are they Nazis?
Is defending the planet from a space alien invasion racist?
Whites now prefer to be called Saltine Americans.
If aliens attacked Earth, the Liberals would all die first.
Don't let Russia interfere in 2018. Let's make voter IDs the law.


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Home News Majority Of Apple A9 To Be Produced By TSMC
Majority Of Apple A9 To Be Produced By TSMC
A report uncovers that TSMC will be in charge of 70 percent production of Apple A9 and A9X chips. The remaining will be relegated to Samsung.
The A9 chip is assigned for the 2015 iPhone, while its A9X cousin will be arriving in the 2015 iPad. Creation of the chips is relied upon to help raise TSMC's incomes by up to 3 or 4 percent in 2015. This will inevitably prompt an increment in income every share this year and even in 2016 — by up to 12 percent and 7 percent, respectively.
"We believe TSMC will earn most of the A9 orders thanks to its superior yield ramp and manufacturing excellence in mass production," said Rick Hsu and Olivia Hsu of Daiwa Securities in a statement.
"We expect TSMC to earn all of Apple's A9X orders for the next generation iPad and most of the A9 for the next generation of iPhone, aggregating to an allocation of over 70 percent."
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The Japanese brokerage included that TSMC ought to anticipate that the production will start adding to its incomes in the August to October period. This will be conceivable as the introductory generation of the A9X chip is slated to start in March while the A9 chip will start its creation in April.
"Previously, we assumed TSMC would earn only A9X orders," said the brokerage. "We now expect the addition of A9."
A few gossipy tidbits have beforehand proposed that Samsung would create the majority of Apple's A9 chip sets, and that the Galaxy producer would be leads the pack against TSMC in creating the chips.
A contradicting gossip in mid 2015 set that Taiwan-based TSMC would be the organization in charge for the A9. The most recent advancement in what has appeared like a tug-of-war in the middle of Samsung and TSMC had some way or another settled the issue and affirmed that Apple doesn't mean to depend much on Samsung as the chip supplier any longer.
Named the world's biggest contract chip creator, TSMC saw a drop in its deals in February, by 28.1 percent, which the organization credits to the month's lower number of working days.
All things considered, February's record of sales is still higher in the grand plan — with the organization encountering 33.8 percent in development contrasted the very same month a year ago. That number, coupled with the climbing interest for cell phones, proposes that the semiconductor business will have a generally better year than the past 2014.
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Of the Treachery of Meglin(Maeglin)
Meglin was the son of Aredhel, sister of the king, and Eol, a dark elf who lived on the outskirts of Beleriand. As it happened, Aredhel left Gondolin to seek the world one day, with a group of Noldor warriors. There was a raid, and she became seperated from her bodyguard. She stumbled upon the dwelling of Eol, and there she married him and bore him a child, Meglin. After awhile, Aredhel desired to return to Gondolin, but Eol would not let her. One day, Eol left on a trip that was to take many weeks, and it was then that Aredhel gathered up her belongings, and Meglin, and hurried away, back to Gondolin. Unfortunately, or perhaps fortunately, Eol came home early. Finding his wife gone, he tracked her and came, eventually, to the hidden city. He came before the king, and pleaded his case, and the king said that he must stay. Hearing these words, Eol fell into a rage, siezing a spear, he hurled it at Meglin with all his strength. Aredhel, seeing the deadly dart in flight, leaped directly in its path, and was smitten in the side. Turgon placed Eol in confinement, to await trial in the morning. As the wound was
seen to be minor, Aredhel and others tried to convince the king to be merciful. Then, in the night, Aredhel sickened and died, the dart being poisioned, and Turgon, in a towering rage, had Eol thrown off a cliff. Meglin lived and prospered in Gondolin, for he was skilled in arms, and seemed good, but he had one fault. He was enamored of the beauty of Idril his first cousin and daughter of Turgon. Jealousy gnawed at his heart, as he knew he could never have her, and when Tuor married Idril, Meglin's jealousy was turned to him in full force. Meglin worked long and hard, hewing the rocks of Amon Gwareth, and delving into the dark secret places to find precious gems. As it happens, one day he delved to far, and was taken by Melkor. The torture he was subjected to was great, and though he was not a craven, he eventually succumbed, and provided the enemy with the location of Gondolin, and how it might best be assailed. Melkor released him back to Gondolin to further his treachery, and to wait for the day when Melkor would take over.
Of the Lords and their Battle Array
The White Wing
Tuor was lord of the folk of the White Wing, they bore the shape of wings on their helmets. They were of the stoutest of folk. Little is said about them however, except that Voronwë was in that band, the elf who many years ago brought Tuor to the city of the Gondolithrim.
The Folk of the Mole
Meglin (Maeglin) was lord of the folk of the Mole. Sable was their harness, but they bore no sign or emblem of any sort, save that their round caps of steel were covered in moleskin. They all wielded double-sided axes. They were all however, utterly loyal to their lord, who was a traitor.
The Twin Folk of the Swallow and the Heavenly Arch
These were the greatest bowmen, and their numbers were strung out along the outer wall. The folk of the swallow bore feathers on their battle-helms, and their colors were white, and dark blue, and purple, and black, and they bore a purple arrowhead upon their shields. Their lord was Duilin, fastest runner and surest archer of the Gondolithrim. The men of the Heavenly Arch are a people of uncounted wealth. They were arrayed in a glory of colors, and every single soldier had arms covered and encrusted with gems. Every shield was blue and its boss a jewel built of seven gems, rubies, and amethysts,
and sapphires, crysoprase, topaz and amber, and an opal of great size adorned ever helm. Egalmoth was their chieftain, and he bore, alone of the Noldoli, a curved sword, but he trusted more to a bow, and could shoot
farther then any others among the host.
The Twin Folk of the Pillar and the Tower of Snow
Little is said about these, except that both were under the command of Penlod, tallest of the Noldoli.
The Folk of the Tree
A great house, their rainment was green. They fought with iron studded clubs or with slings. Their lord was Galdor, and he was held to be the most valiant of the Noldor, save Turgon alone.
The House of the Golden Flower
Their lord was Glorfindel, who later in the retreat from Gondolin, saved the lives of many by fighting on a narrow pinacle of rock with a balrog, where both fell to ruin in the abyss, and whos body was retrieved by Thoronder, the king of Eagles himself, and buried with honor. They bore a rayed sun on their shields, on Glorfindel wore a mantle so broidered in threads of gold, that it was diapered in Celadine as a field in spring, and his arms were damascened with cunning gold.
The People of the Fountain
Ecthelion was their lord, and the lord of the Fountain of the King, and Silver and Diamond their delight. They bore longswords and went into battle with the music of the harp.
The Folk of the Harp
A battalion of brave warriors, yet their leader Salgant was a coward, and fawned upon Maeglin. It must be pointed out, that Salgant himself remained true to Gondolin, and did no treachery, and would sing and joke with the baby Earendil to make him smile. They were dight with tassels of silver and gold, and a silver harp shone in their blazonry on a field of black. Salgant
himself bore one of gold, and he alone of the Noldoli rode into battle, and was heavy and squat.
The Hammer of Wrath
Their leader was Rog, strongest of the Noldor, and scarce second in valor to Galdor of the tree. Of these many were smiths, and they reverenced Aule the Smith, more then any other Ainur. They fought with great maces like hammers, for their arms were very strong due to all their work at the anvil. In older days, many of this host were Noldoli who were rescued from the mines of Melkor, and their hatred for him and his Balrogs were very strong. Their sign was a stricken anvil, and their shields bore a hammer that smiteth sparks about it. Very numerous was this house, and none had a faint-heart, and in the struggle against doom, they won the greatest glory, yet none were fated to return from the battle alive, of all that great host..
The House of the King
Little is said of this house, except that their colors were white and gold and red, and their emblems the moon, the sun, and the Scarlet Heart, the heart being in the earlier version, the heart of Finwe Noleme, Turgon's father, cut out at the battle of Nirneath Aronediad, and retrieved by Turgon himself. The nearest parallel I can draw in the Silmarillion, would be that
of Fingon, Turgon's brother, slain as he grappled alone with Gothmog lord of Balrogs.
Of the Preparations Made Before and During the Battle
Many years before, Idril had had what we mortals would term a premonition. She asked Tuor to prepare a secret way through the Vale of Tumladen to safety. Just before the battle, a council of war was held. Tuor counciled that the city be adandoned as lost, and to issue forth in a mighty sally upon the plains before the heat of Melkor and his balrogs grew to great, but asked council on whether it should be a concentrated effort of the entire force with the maids and children in the center, or composed of diverse bands seeking out in many different directions, and to this last Tuor leaned, and most among the chieftans likewise. Meglin and Salgant alone spoke of staying to the city and trying to protect what they held, Meglin out of guile and an attempt to make sure that none of the Noldor escaped alive, and Salgant out of fear. Meglin spoke to the kings one weakness, and spoke of all the beauty of the city, and the things crafted therein that they would leave behind. And Turgon groaned, for Meglin had known his great love of the wealth and jewels of that city upon Amon Gwareth. And thus, that
was the plan he put forth.
"Gondobar am I called, and Gondothlimbar, The City of Stone, and the City of the Dwellers in Stone; Gondolin the Stone of Son and Gwarestrin am I named, The Tower of the Guard; Gar Thurion, for I am hidden from the eyes of Melko..."
"And now came the monsters across the valley, and the white towers of Gondolin reddened before them." Long had Morgoth prepared in secret for this battle, and had crafted, through Meglins cunning, the first of the great serpents, to use in this battle. The stoutest of the Gondolithrim were in dread of those great dragons of bronze and fire, and sent arrow after
unavailing arrow at them. Yet there was hope yet, for the Serpents could not ascend the steep hill of Amon Gwareth. Yet they lie at the base, and a great steam arises where the fire of the serpents and the water of the stream of Amon Gwareth mingle. There grew such a heat that women became faint and men sweated to weariness beneath their armor, and all the fountains of the city, save only the Fountain of the King, grew hot and smoked. Then Gothmog, Lord of Balrogs, gathered all his things of iron that could coil themselves around and above all obstacles before them and bade them to pile themselves before the northern gate. Their great heaviness caused the gate to fall in a great clamor, yet most of the walls held firm. The siege machines of Gondolin poured fire, boulders and darts upon those creatures, and yet to know avail, for their iron bodys would not break. Then the topmost of the iron things opened around their middles, and countless orcs poured out, and
into the breach. Then did Rog of the Hammer of Wrath, and Galdor of the Tree leap at the foe, their it is said, the hammer and clubs felled the orcs like so many leaves upon the wind, and the folk of the Swallow and the Arch poured down arrows like rain upon them, and both Gondothlim and Orc fell amid the confusion. Yet for all their valor, the Noldoli were being steadliy
pushed backwords, merely by the dint of the great number of foemen, till the Orcs held a part of the northernmost city. All this time Meglin was not idle, he had found out about Tuor's secret delving, although he knew not all, and that proved well. He deemed that Tuor's tunnel must eventually lead to the anciently prepared Way of Escape, which was there, many years ere
Tuor came to the city. Thinking this, he sent many secret messages to Melkor, advising him to fortify the Way of Escape, so that none might leave that way. Then he went to Tuor's dwelling, thinking to at long last, sieze Idril for his own, and gain the secret of the passage, and thus escape the fire and slaughter, and thinking to cast Earendil into the flames. Of Tuors death in the burning, he was sure, for he had constrained Salgant to delay him in the Hall of the King, and egg him into the deadliest and fiercest part of the fray. Unfortunately to his designs, Salgant fell into a great terror of death, and rode home and lay aquake on his bed, and Tuor rode home with the folk of the Wing. Although Tuor's valor leapt to the noise of war, he flew home to take farewell with Idril and Earendil and to speed them down his secret way with a bodyguard, ere he returned to the battle to die if he must. Returning, he found a press of the folk of the Mole about the door, who were the worst that Meglin could find in the city. Yet they were not thralls of Melkor, and would not aid Meglin in his design, but neither would
they constrain him. Meglin has Idril by the hair and struggles to pull her to the battlement so she can see the fall of Earendil in the flames, yet he struggles with her, for for all her grace and beauty, she fights like a tiger. Tuor, seeing this, gives a shout so great, the Orcs here it from afar and waver from the sound of it. Then the men of the Wing, though less in number, are upon the men of the Mole like a tempest. Then Meglin tried to stab Earendil with a shirt knife he has, but a hidden coat of cunnigly
crafted mail, given to Earendil by Idril deflects the blow. Then Tuor is upon him, and his wrath was terrible to see, he siezed the arm holding the knife, broke it, and then grabbing Meglin by the middle, he casts him over the wall. Three times Meglin smote the slopes of Amon Gwareth as he fell, and perished. All the men of the Mole are then destroyed as well. Tuor then
goes back into the fray, but leaves with Idril and Earendil, Voronwe and some other swordsmen, to guard them as they leave. Now is the battle at the gate very evil indeed. Duilin, Lord of the folk of the Swallow, is felled by a firey bolt from a Balrog who leapt upon the base of Amon Gwareth as he fires arrow after arrow from the wall. And the Balrogs continue to loose
firey arrows and burning rocks upon the Gondolithrim, and worse are those of the Balrogs who leap upon the coils of the serpents to fire farther out, and set the city aflame to the back of the defenders. Then up leaps Rog of the Hammer of Wrath, and calls in a great voice, "Who now shall fear the Balrogs for all their terror? See before us the accursed ones who have tormented the children of the Noldoli and now set a fire at our backs with their shooting. Come ye of the Hammer of Wrath and we will smite them for their evil." Then the men of the Stricken Anvil came behind like a wedge, and sparks came from their eyes from the fury of their rage. A great deed was that sally, and many Orcs were born backwards into the fires below, and yet Rog and his men leap even upon the coils of the great serpents, and come at those balrogs and smote them greivously and batter them into nought, or catching at their whips, wielded them against them, and they tore them, even as aforetime they had torn the Gnomes. And the number of Balrogs that were slain were a marvel, and a dread to the host of Melkor, for ere that day, never had any Balrog been slain by man or elf. (In context remember, that one Balrog was enough to slay even one of the most powerful of the Maiar, Gandalf himself.) And Gothmog ordered thus, a few Balrogs came before the men of the Hammer, and fell before them, but a great number contrived to come behind them, so that Rog could not win back to the city without great slaughter among their troops. Yet Rog, seeing this, essayed not to win back, but to fall on those whose part was to fall before him, and they fell back, no longer out of craft, but out of dire need. Down onto the plain were they harried and their shrieks rent the air of the vale of Tumladen. Then the folk of Rog went about, hewing and smiting the astonished bands of Melko, till they were hemmed at least by an overwhelming band of Orcs and Balrogs, and a fire drake was loosed upon them. Their did they perish, hewing to the last until iron and flame overcame them, and it is sung that each of the Hammer of Wrath took seven foemen to pay for his own. (Remember again, Gandalf and the Balrog.) None of the Hammer of Wrath lived ever to carry the tale from the city. At the loss of Rog and his battalion, dread fell heavily on the Gondolithrim, and they gave back further into the city, and their Penlod perished, with his back to the wall, and about him, many of the Pillar, and many of the Tower of Snow. Now Melkor held the gate, and much of the walls to either side, whence number of the folk of the Swallow and the Rainbow were thrust to their doom, arching from the walls to the last. (There was no folk of the Rainbow, so I think what he must mean is the folk of the Heavenly Arch, the other group of archers, but as I am not sure, I leave it as it was.) And within the city they held a great space, reaching nigh to the center, and even to The Well, which was adjacent to the Square
of the King. There they halted and took council, and their plan was to hold what they had won, for the valor of the Noldoli had done away with many more foemen then was ever expected, and they had lost many more then the defenders. Yet such were there numbers that they still had much the greater number even then. Fearful too were they of the slaughter Rog had done among the Balrogs, for of those great demons they had great courage, and confidence of the heart. However, they knew what they had to do, they must do quickly, for the fire of the great serpents could only be replenished in the Wells of Melkor, and they were running out. But even as their messengers spread the plan, they heard sweet music, and the enemy feared what it might mean. And Lo! It was Ecthelion and the people of the Fountain, whom Turgon had held in reserve and the
crystal and silver of their array is most lovely to see in the red of the fire and black of the destruction. Then the music stopped, and the host of Ecthelion drew their swords in one motion, and before the Orcs might forsee his onslaught the pale blades are flashing among them. Tis said that Ecthelions folk slew more Orcs in that one battle then fell ever in all the battles of the Eldalie with that race and his name is still a terror among them and a warcry to the Eldar. Tuor and the Silver Wing come amongst this
grizzly scene and range themselves alongside Ecthelion, and the men of the Fountain, and those twain did many a hard blow strike. Then there is a quaking and a trampling, for the serpents labor mightily at beating a path up the Amon Gwareth, and the remnant of the Arch of Heaven and the Swallow still fight there or contest the walls taken by Melkor to the east and west. Even as Tuor comes near driving the Orcs off, a great serpent of bronze heaves against the western wall shakes and falls, and behind it comes a snake of fire, with Balrogs astride it. The Orcs take heart at the coming of the drakes, and mingle with the Balrogs in their wild charge, and assail the Gondothlim greviously. There Tuor slew the Orc captains, Othrod, Balcmeg, and Lug, and Ecthelion shore through two captains with one blow, and cleft the head of Orcobal their chiefest captain. So valorous were those twain, that they came even among the Balrogs. Ecthelions sword took three, for it cleaved the iron of them and did injury to their fire, but they were even more afraid of Dramborleg, Tuors axe, for with it he slew five. (Gandalf and Balrog, yet again.) Yet in the end, the numbers began to tell, Ecthelion was wounded in the arm, and dropped his shield, and he must lean on Tuor, who cannot leave him, even as the trampling feet of the dragon of fire pass overhead, and it seemed as if they would be crushed. Tuor hewed at the foot of the monster, and flame sprouted forth, and it screamed and lashed with
its tail, slaying many, Orcs and Gnomes both. Tuor then gathered the remnant of the folk of the Wing, lifted Ecthelion, and led them to escape the drake. "Thus it was that Tuor son of Peleg gave before the foe, fighting as he yielded ground, and bore from the battle Ecthelion of the Fountain." Then marauding bands wandered the streets and did much ransacking, or slew in the dark men, women, and children, or, if occasions warrented, bound them and took them to the Hells of Iron, to serve. Now Tuor reached the square of the Folkwell, and found there Galdor, denying the entrance of the Orcs by the Arch of Inwe to the west, but about him were none, but a few of his men of the Tree. There did Galdor become the savior of Tuor, for he fell behind, carrying Ecthelions body, and stumbled in the dark. The Orcs would have taken them both, but for the rush of that champion, and the dint of his iron-shod club. There stood the last remnant of the Wing, and the Heavenly Arch, and the Swallow, and the Tree, and the Fountain, and by Tuors advice, they left the Well, to fortify the adjacent Square of the King. There came the last stout gathering of the defenders, before the Square of the Palace of Turgon. And there are many wounded, and Tuor is weary, for the labors of the night, and the weight of Ecthelion who is in a deadly swoon. Even as he
lead the battalion in by the Road of Arches, their came a great noise, and Lo! Glorfindel is driven in with the last of the men of the Golden Flower. They had been ambushed, and Glorfindel had only been able to cut himself free with great loss. It is said that Turgon had sent the men of Salgant, the craven, the folk of the Harp, to their aid, because of the urgency of the messages sent by Glorfindel. Salgant, however, had lied to his men and said that they were to garrison the Lesser Market, where Salgant had his home. Now however, they break from Salgant and come to the Square, which is very timely, for a press of triumphant foemen are following Glorfindel to finish him off. On these the men of the Harp fall with great eagerness, and utterly redeem the craveness of their lord. However, Salgants treachery may have turned out well in the end, more on that later. Leaderless, some fought with over wrathfully, and many were trapped in flames, or sank before the breath of the serpents that revelled there. Now from the south comes Egalmoth, whos job it had been to man the siege engines, long since having given that up, he had decided that situations merited hand-to-hand fighting, and had gathered those that remained of the Swallow and the Arch and fought away with that curved sword of his. Then, suddenly, a great drake burst through the barrier to the north. Tuor stood in the way of the great beast, but became seperated from Egalmoth, and, being steadily beaten back, even to the center of the square, where he was overcome by the heat, before the Fountain of the King, and beaton down by a great demon. Gothmog himself, Lord of Balrogs, and Son of Melkor(So it says before it is eventually decided in later stories that
the Valar cannot bear children.) It seemed as if Tuor would be killed, but Lo! Suddenly Ecthelion, The Lord of the Fountain, his face the pallor of grey steel, and his shield arm hanging useless at his side, came before Tuor as he fell, and strove with that great demon. Yet he did not kill Gothmog, recieving rather a wound in his sword arm. Then, Ecthelion, Lord of the Fountain, fairest of the Noldoli, wounded in both arms, leapt, full at Gothmog, even as that Balrog raised his whip, to give Ecthelion his deathblow, as he had so many others, (Fingon, Prince of the Noldoli, for one.) Ecthelion leapt, and drove the spike on his helm full into Gothmog's breast,(Amid cries of "Thats using his head" Eonwe continues.(Im sorry guys, I've been typing for awhile, and I needed a joke, not that this is not a voluntary action...anyways, continue reading) twining his legs around Gothmog's, and hurled himself backwards into the Fountain of the King. The Balrog yelled, and fell forward, and the fire of his being was extinguished in the Fountain, and he perished, along with Ecthelion, who, steel laden, sank into the depths, and so perished the Lord of the Fountain, after fiery battle in cool waters. Now Tuor had arisen again, at the fall of Ecthelion,
and he was much grieved, but being wrapped in battle, he scarce cut his way to the folk about the palace. Then, seeing the wavering of the enemy at the fall of their Captain and Champion, the Royal Guard came down and laid on, and The King himself came down in great splendor, and hewed with his men, for he was great in arms, and they swept back much of the Square. Of the Balrogs, they slew 2 score, which is very great prowess indeed, but still greater deeds did they do. They hemmed in a fire-drake, for all its flaming, and forced it into the Fountain of the King, where Gothmog and Ecthelion had
recieved their end, and their it recieved its end, for the fire of its heart was quenched, yet therein, the Fountain recieved its end as well, for it, like all the other fountains so early in the battle, like the hope of the Gondolithrim, went up in smoke. Then dread fell on all, for the doom of the fountain, and the all the Royal Household were killed by the heat, and by the foe, and by the serpent,and by one another in the confusion of the scalding mists and burning smog, but a body of them protected the King, and there was a rally of them beneath Glingol and Bansil (Stone replicas of the Two Trees.) Then said the King "Great is the Fall of Gondolin," and the people shuttered, for such were the words of Amnon the Prophet of old. And Tuor spoke in a wild ruth, and for love of the King "Gondolin stands, and Ulmo will not suffer it to perish." But Turgon replied "Evil have I brought upon the Flower of the Plain in despite of Ulmo, and he now leaves it to whither in fire. Lo! No more hope is in my heart for my city of loveliness, but the children of the Noldoli shall not be worsted forever. Fight not against doom, O, my children. Seek those who may, safety in flight, but let Tuor have your lealty. Tuor replied "Thou art King." To which Turgon replied "Yet no blow shall I strike more," and cast his crown at the roots of Glingol, and Galdor picked it up again, but Turgon would not accept it, and bare of head, acsended the white tower that stood nigh his palace. There he shouted in a voice like a horn, and the Encircling Mountains rang with his call "Great is the Victory of the Noldoli!" Tis said, that it was then midnight, and the Orcs laughed with derison. Tuor then spoke of the tunnel he had long labored on, and begged the King to have other mind, and lead the Noldor through it. Yet the King resisted all efforts to move him, and the remnant of the Royal House refused to leave with out him. Then Tuor, torn between leaving and his reverence for the King, stood for a moment undecided. In the end it was the wailing of the women, and his pity for the sad remainder of the Gondolithrim that decided him. WIth a sad heart, he turned away, to lead them to salvation... or death. Glorfindel and the men of the Golden Flower held the rear manfully, on the long retreat, and many of the Flower fell there. Then Tuor came to Gar Anion, the place of the Gods, and looked for an evil stand. Yet their is none, and the enemy seems already to slacken and scarce any follow them, and that is a wonder. Then they come to the place of Wedding, and Lo! There is Idril before him, her hair unbraided, as the day they were wed, and great is Tuor's joy. But Idril saw nought Tuor, for her gaze was locked upon the Palace of the King, then all the host halted, and looked back, and their hearts froze, for now they saw why the foe had pressed them so little. Lo! A drake was coiled even on the very steps of the palace, defiling their whiteness, and all about, roaming bands of Orcs ransacked and destroyed. The King's Tower was beset. High up, they could decry, with their keen elven eyesight, the form of the King, but below lay a great serpent of brass, wrapped around the base, sawing and rowing with its tail and spouting flame. And Idril spoke and said, "Woe is I whose father awaiteth doom, even upon his utmost pinacle, yet seven times woe whos lord hath gone down before Melkorand will stride home no more." And Tuor replied "Lo Idril, it is I, and I live, yet now will I get thy father hence, be it from the Hells of Melkor!" And distraught with the grief of his wife, he made as if to walk down the hill alone. And yet Idril, coming suddenly to her senses, clasp him about the knees with much weeping and cries of My Lord, My Lord, and halted him. Yet even as they spoke a great noise arose from that place of anguish, and the tower leapt into flame and in a stab of fire it fell. Great was the fall of Turgon, King of the Gondolithrim, and for that hour, the victory was to Melko. Thus fell the city, "Gondobar am I called, and Gondothlimbar, The City of Stone, and the City of the Dwellers in Stone; Gondolin the Stone of Son and Gwarestrin am I named, The Tower of the Guard; Gar Thurion, for I am hidden from the
eyes of Melko..." Until that terrible day.


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Legislative Awareness Week in La Trinidad educates public
The municipal council of La Trinidad, Benguet aims to continuously educate the public on its functions during its week-long celebration of the 4th Legislative Awareness Week on Dec. 7 to 14.
Vice Mayor Roderick Awingan said the activities during the annual celebration were geared towards public awareness on the process of local legislation.
Through the activity, the council will also encourage participation and cooperation from the community.
"It is the job of the sangguniang bayan; we listen to the public, we generate solutions, we incorporate that in the ordinances and resolutionsand later on, it would be implemented by the municipal mayor," Awingan said.
He said it is important that the public knows the powers, duties and functions of the legislative branch as well as the differences in the function of the municipal council and the executive, which is the office of the mayor.
By knowing the functions of the offices, the public would know where to go with their concerns.
Part of the celebration include the stakeholder environmental assembly, tree caring activity, legal aid and lecture on the salient features of the katarungang pambarangay law and emphasis in mediation and arbitration techniques for barangay officials and barangay lupong tagapamayapa.
The celebration also included the weeklong display of the historical gallery at the Lednicky Hall, state of the municipal council address and kapihan, traffic summit, and capped by the gift giving for children with disabilities.
Awingan has also presented the accomplishments of the council stating that only La Trinidad is the only municipal board that passed its legislative agenda in the whole Cordillera.
The municipal board hasapproved over 200 resolutions and five ordinances. Also, it has passed eight codes including the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Code; Sustainable Environment and Management Code; Investment and Incentive Promotions Code; and the Sustainable Tourism Development Code, among others.
The celebration was based on Ordinance 4-2019, which institutionalizes the programs, projects and activities during the observance of the legislative awareness week, every first week of December. – Ofelia C. Empian
4 PDRRMCs in CAR receive Gawad Kalasag excellence seal
DOT launches search for best tourism village in Cordillera
Benguet-Kochi Prefecture strengthen sisterhood ties
PDEA to sustain conviction rate


The "713 MOTORING" trademark, serial number 78254015 , was filed on 23rd of May 2003 with a mark drawing code of 5000 and its transaction date is 78254015. Since 31st of December 2009, the document can be found in the M60 law office in the publication and issue section. The employee responsible is MCMORROW, JANICE LEE and the date it was published for opposition on 05/20/2008. The date when we last checked the status of this trademark was 03/16/2009.
The corresponded responsible for this trademark is JAMES HAROLD HADNOTT, located at 420 W ALABAMA, #3, HOUSTON, TX 77006.
The state or country where the trademark was organized is TX by Hadnott, James Harold. The legal entity type behing it is a Individual, located at #42, Houston, TX zip 77096.


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Email Ohia A. Amadi
Ohia Amadi litigates complex business and personal disputes and advises clients on a wide range of matters including securities, trade secrets, intellectual property, privacy, employment and other business matters.
Mr. Amadi has extensive experience representing plaintiffs and defendants in disputes involving securities claims under the Securities Act, the Securities Exchange Act, the Investment Advisers Act and various state Blue Sky laws. He regularly represents clients in the financial services and securities industries, such as registered investment advisers (RIAs), broker-dealers, independent broker-dealers and individual financial advisers in federal and state courts, arbitration forums and administrative, regulatory and enforcement forums by government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, such as the SEC, FINRA, the California Department of Business Oversight and the California Department of Insurance.
Mr. Amadi also advises clients across industries in business disputes involving professional malpractice; fraud; breach of fiduciary duty; breach of contract; unfair competition; economic interference; trade secret misappropriation; trademark and copyright infringement; non-compete, non-solicitation, and confidentiality agreements; business divorces; control disputes; shareholder derivative actions; insurance coverage disputes; defamation and First Amendment issues; Civil Rights; trusts and estates; real estate and other issues.
As a Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/US), Mr. Amadi assists clients with managing and avoiding disputes stemming from complex privacy laws and regulations across various industries with emphasis in the financial services and securities sectors. Mr. Amadi also has experience making information requests pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and the California Public Records Act in the litigation context.
Mr. Amadi is a graduate of Yale University, where he double-majored in Mechanical Engineering and Economics, and Harvard Law School. Prior to law school, Mr. Amadi was an investment banking analyst in Lehman Brothers' Global Restructuring and M&A Groups in New York City where he advised companies, sovereign governments, and government agencies on matters such as distressed bonds, balance sheet restructuring, rescue financings, Chapter 11 creditor advisory, 363 assets sales, and distressed M&A.
Mr. Amadi is licensed to practice before all California courts. He is a member of the Beverly Hills Bar Association and the Antitrust, UCL and Privacy and Intellectual Property Law sections of the California Lawyers Association (formerly of the State Bar of California).


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Stay v. Horvath
Tenuto v. Lederle Labs
The party seeking the protection of the Dead Man's Statute bears the burden of demonstrating that the…
Tenuto v. Laboratories
Here the attorneys for the Estate of Dr. Schwartz proffered the following evidence that it believed…
Full title:FRANCES A. STAY, Doing Business as RENT A WRECK OF SCHENECTADY, Appellant…
Court:Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Third Department
Date published: Nov 27, 1991
177 A.D.2d 897 (N.Y. App. Div. 1991)
576 N.Y.S.2d 908
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Third Department
finding that a tenant stated a trespass claim against its landlord, where the landlord interfered with the tenant's right of possession
Summary of this case from Diego Beekman Mut. Hous. Ass'n Hous. Dev. Fund Corp. v. Dish Network, L.L.C.
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Saratoga County (Brown, J.).
Yesawich Jr., J.
Plaintiff, the owner of an automobile rental business licensed as a "Rent-A-Wreck" franchise, entered into a two-year lease with Mavor E. Sturges, Sr., defendants' decedent, for the possession of premises owned by Sturges. During the term of the lease the relationship between plaintiff and Sturges deteriorated and plaintiff commenced suit against Sturges to recover damages sustained because of Sturges' assertedly tortious conduct. Causes of action for malicious prosecution, defamation, prima facie tort, trespass and conversion were alleged.
Plaintiff, who was 19 years of age and a full-time nurses' aide when she entered into the lease, attempted to prove that Sturges, who had died prior to the trial, had employed illegal and tortious means to force her to quit the premises. To establish her case, she called Frances Stay (hereinafter Stay), her father and the general manager of her franchise, and Richard Morrell, a judgment creditor of hers and the owner of the franchise, to testify. Supreme Court, applying the Dead Man's Statute (CPLR 4519), ruled that they were incompetent to testify, and at the conclusion of plaintiff's case granted defendants' motion to dismiss the complaint in its entirety. As the proper standard for dismissal at the close of plaintiff's case is "whether there was any rational basis on which a jury could have found for plaintiff, the plaintiff being entitled to every favorable inference which could reasonably be drawn from the evidence submitted by [her]" (Rhabb v. New York City Hous. Auth., 41 N.Y.2d 200, 202), we reverse and remit for a new trial on plaintiff's causes of action for defamation, trespass and conversion.
Despite Stay's intimate involvement in the operation of the business, as the record does not indicate his current financial interest or responsibility in its continued operation and plaintiff, not her father, is named on the lease, plaintiff is a proper party to this action.
Disposition of this appeal turns partly on the propriety of Supreme Court's finding that both Stay and Morrell are interested witnesses within the meaning of CPLR 4519 and, hence, incompetent to testify. With respect to Stay, it suffices to note that counsel consented to Supreme Court's ruling that he indeed was such an interested person, and hence the issue of his disqualification has not been preserved for our review.
The Dead Man's Statute does not, however, foreclose Morrell from testifying. We note initially that the party claiming that a witness is a person "interested in the event" (CPLR 4519) carries the burden of proving that the witness's testimony is subject to this statutory exclusion (Harrington v. Schiller, 231 N.Y. 278, 286; Franklin v. Kidd, 219 N.Y. 409, 413-414; Matter of Mead, 129 A.D.2d 1008, lv denied 70 N.Y.2d 609). While it is uncontroverted that Morrell has a judgment against plaintiff which she was paying at the time of the trial, the status of this financial interest, if and how it will be affected by the outcome of this litigation, and whether the record will be legal evidence for or against Morrell in some other action are all unclear (see, Friedrich v. Martin, 294 N.Y. 588, 595). In fact, Morrell may have no interest in the event at all if plaintiff has sufficient other assets against which Morrell's judgment may be executed.
Nor are we convinced that Morrell is disqualified as a "person from, through or under whom" (CPLR 4519) plaintiff derived her interest in the event. This action does not concern title to or interest in a license to plaintiff from Morrell to operate a Rent-A-Wreck franchise, but rather Sturges' alleged misconduct and its effect on plaintiff's business (see, Abbott v. Doughan, 204 N.Y. 223, 226-227). Inasmuch as defendants have not proved that Morrell's interest is "`present, certain, and vested'" as opposed to "`uncertain, remote or contingent'" (Friedrich v. Martin, supra, at 595), it was error to exclude his testimony as to any transaction or communication with Sturges (see, Croker v. New York Trust Co., 245 N.Y. 17, 22).
To assess the effect this determination has on Supreme Court's decision to dismiss the complaint, it is necessary to examine the specific causes of action asserted on plaintiff's behalf as summarized by her counsel in response to defendants' motion to dismiss. First, the court properly dismissed the malicious prosecution claim. It is alleged that Sturges knowingly and maliciously caused plaintiff's arrest for the issuance of a bad check several months after plaintiff had in fact replaced it with a valid one. That criminal action, however, was terminated by the District Attorney's withdrawal of the charges and therefore fails to satisfy plaintiff's burden of proving that "the court passed on the merits of the charge * * * or * * * that the proceedings were terminated * * * at the instance of the defendant under circumstances which fairly imply the plaintiff's innocence" (Nappi v. Kappeler, 118 Misc.2d 638, 639-640; see, Hollender v Trump Vil. Coop., 58 N.Y.2d 420, 425, 426).
As to the claim for defamation, for which insufficient proof was provided at trial, it is here that the harm of excluding Morrell's testimony regarding his communications with Sturges is apparent. Based on the alleged content of telephone conversations between Morrell and Sturges and the effect of those communications on Morrell's subsequent decision to revoke plaintiff's franchise license and to commence action against her, there is a significant probability that, had Morrell's testimony been heard, the elements of defamatory language concerning plaintiff, published by Sturges to a third person, would have been shown and the action would not have been dismissed (see, People v. Crimmins, 36 N.Y.2d 230, 241); accordingly, reversal is in order for consideration of Morrell's testimony (cf., Matter of Lefft, 44 N.Y.2d 915, 918; Peters v. Morse, 112 A.D.2d 559; Matter of Mead, 129 A.D.2d 1008, supra). Parenthetically, we note that a showing of special damages is unnecessary to support this cause of action as the statements at issue allegedly pertain to plaintiff's business reputation and hence would constitute slander per se (see, Grimaldi v. Schillaci, 106 A.D.2d 728, 729-730).
Third, in responding to the motion to dismiss, plaintiff denied stating an action for abuse of process, and instead asserted one apparently sounding in prima facie tort. This action was properly dismissed because the jury could not reasonably have found that Sturges acted out of "disinterested malevolence" or that plaintiff suffered special damages (see, Curiano v. Suozzi, 63 N.Y.2d 113, 117).
As for the trespass and conversion cause of action, plaintiff's evidence shows that (1) Rent-A-Wreck franchise signs were taken down, door locks on the rental premises were changed, cars and other personal property were removed from the premises, (2) Sturges had requested that plaintiff remove her property and signs had been posted on the premises to that effect, and (3) Sturges had stated that he wanted to rent to a third party. This evidence provides a rational basis for concluding that Sturges intentionally interfered with plaintiff's right of possession and intentionally, physically invaded the premises of which plaintiff was in actual possession, as evidenced by the lease, so that an action for conversion and trespass was properly established (see, Rager v. McCloskey, 305 N.Y. 75, 79; Malerba v. Warren, 108 Misc.2d 785, 788, mod on other grounds 96 A.D.2d 529).
Casey, J.P., Mikoll, Levine and Crew III, JJ., concur. Ordered that the order and judgment are modified, on the law, without costs, by reversing so much thereof as dismissed plaintiff's causes of action for defamation, trespass and conversion; matter remitted to the Supreme Court for a new trial on said causes of action; and, as so modified, affirmed.


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In most light showers, your legs won't get too wet but when there is heavy rain you will be glad you have a pair of waterproof trousers packed in your bag.
As with jackets there is a pay off between how breathable and how waterproof your cycling trousers are.
We recommend going for trousers that err on the waterproof side, as you will only be using these in fairly heavy rain, when lightweight ones won't be much help.
4. Flexible fit – you'll want to have freedom of movement of your legs when cycling. Cycling specific trousers will usually be designed with this in mind.


Sinn Féin Finance Spokesperson Pearse Doherty TD has said confirmation received by Sinn Féin in a parliamentary question confirms that any future carbon tax increases would also attract VAT means that the mooted carbon tax jumps will be even more regressive than anticipated. He said it amounted to "a tax upon a tax".
"Sinn Féin is opposed to the increase in carbon tax because it will disproportionately punish those on low and middle incomes while big business and corporate polluters will not be made to pay their fair share.
"The government has failed to provide any meaningful alternatives to citizens to enable behavioural change. It now seeks to pass the buck to households, once again, for their policy failures. The fact that VAT must be applied to carbon tax means the tax will itself be taxed.
"We need to tackle the catastrophic reality of climate change in a fair way. The bills faced by ordinary people are already too big from sky-high rents to inflated insurance premiums. Government investment can help bring about change such as through free insulation and retrofits, making electric cars affordable and developing the charging infrastructure and through public transport expansion and fare reductions.


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Invest in education to turn African girls into superheroes (Thomson Reuters Foundation News)
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Outliers prove the Learning Generation is within reach
Last year, the Education Commission made an incredible discovery. While countries across the globe, as a whole, were headed down a concerning path – one where in 2030 more than half of young people worldwide will not have the skills needed for a job – others were...
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Ensuring quality education for all: progressive universalism
In its Learning Generation report, the Education Commission says that successful education systems must reach everyone, including the most disadvantaged and marginalized children. We will not close the learning gap unless leaders take additional steps to include and...
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Sharing the future by building better education systems (Brookings)
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AdvoCare 24 Day Challenge: The Results Are In!!
If you are looking for healthy eating inspiration pin this for later!
Recently, I told you about my husband and I embarking on the AdvoCare 24-Day Challenge. Never would I have guessed that 24 days would make such a difference in our lives. I wanted to update you on the final results. We not only survived our AdvoCare 24-Day Challenge but actually enjoyed the change. In the beginning we were counting down the days until it was over so we could eat our "favorite" foods again. It didn't take long for our mindset to change. Before we knew it, instead of counting down the days until our 24 days was over, we decided that we wanted to continue through day 25 and beyond. Going without diet coke, coffee, sugar, and processed foods for 24 days was literally life changing for us.
My husband's goal was to lose weight. I desperately needed energy and I wanted to feel better. Drumroll…………so what is the verdict? I am happy to say, I feel better than I have in years. I have more energy, sleep better, and even my skin feels softer. My husband says that he feels so much better too, he lost 11.6 lbs and 8 inches. Both my husband and daughter are Type I insulin dependent diabetics. Another reason why it was so important for us to make a change in our eating habits. We didn't realize how much the yucky foods we had been eating were affecting our bodies.
Update: After a year my husband lost 43lbs and 30 inches and has now kept it off for over 3 years!
Some have asked why a 24-Day Challenge? Why not just start eating healthier? For some, that might work great. For us, we needed something to interrupt our lifestyle. We needed the 24-Day Challenge to help us stay accountable and to give our bodies a chance to detox. As I had mentioned in my first post (here) our 24-Day Challenge landed right smack dab in the middle of my husband's birthday, an out of town business trip for me, birthday parties with pizza and cupcakes, and Easter. Had we not invested in the products and made a commitment to 24 straight days, we would have taken a break from eating healthy to celebrate all the occasions I mentioned, then as many times before it would have been even more difficult to get started again. We've been there and done that more times than I'd like to admit. Having the 24 days as a goal, helped us to stand strong and not give in. It opened our eyes to how much our celebrations are centered around food, something we didn't expect. Not that we aren't going to enjoy sugar again, or the occasional fried food we are, we were just determined to make it to the end of the 24 days together and were thankful for the insight we had gleaned.
a little preparation ahead of time makes a world of difference.
If a 24-Day Challenge isn't your thing, there are tons of other products that are amazing (click here to see). My personal favorite is Spark. I drink it first thing in the morning when I wake up, then again in the afternoon. It seriously gives me incredible energy, helps me to focus, and stops cravings. Anytime I have ever tried to cut out diet coke before I was miserable. The Spark really helped with diet coke and sugar cravings. If you feel like you are always tired with no energy, Spark might just be the pick me up you need!
I'd love to help you get started! After having gone through 3 layoffs in the past five years, my husband and I signed up as distributors so that we could get a discount on our products and have the option of earning additional income. You can check out all the amazing products here, I would be happy to work with you to put together the right products for your needs. Feel free to send me an email with any questions to [email protected] with AdvoCare in the subject line.
Thank you for sharing! I just got my box in the mail yesterday. I'm planning to start this week. I am even more motivated now!!!
Awesome Corrina! I can't wait to hear about it.
Would you tell me more about Spark? I need energy!!!
What did your husband have to do to modify the challenge for his diabetes?
I just started as a distributor and my husband has Type 1 Diabetes, Lord willing, we're going to do the 24 Day Challenge after our baby is done nursing. Did the Challenge have an overall effect on your husbands blood sugar levels? I'd love to hear more about his story!
With healthy eating and weight loss my husband was able to decrease the amount of insulin that he was taking. Overall, he is much healthier. All of the changes we have made towards a healthier lifestyle have been 110% worth it!
I am also a type 1 diabetic and I have heard lots of wonderful things about advocare. Is your husband on an insulin pump? I am curious as to how this challenge has affected his sugar levels. If so, did he count carbs and bolus as normal throughout the challenge and still lose weight?
Hello! I am on Day 5 of the 24 day challenge, a type 1 diabetic, and I use an insulin pump. So far, I have not modified anything, I'm following the guide to a T, but I have only lost .5 lb. I am wondering what your husband and daughter experienced during the challenge and if you had any advice. Thanks!
I think .5 weight loss on day 5 is a great start. My daughter is only 10 so she didn't do the challenge. My husband lost a total of 11.9 lbs during his first challenge and has continued on products and has now lost over 40lbs. Continue to follow the guide to a T, and as you make healthy lifestyle adjustments your body will follow. I would stay off the scales until after you complete the challenge. Often times, women lose more inches than lbs. Make sure to stay in contact with your sponsor who can always help you troubleshoot any questions or concerns.
I'm type 1 diabetic I'm insulin dependent and I'm on the first day of the 24 day challenge. I was told to leave out the herbal cleanse pills you take before bed time has anyone else heard of this? Thank you in advance!
I've never heard that. My husband is a type 1 diabetic and has done a cleanse every 90 days for 2 years and has never left out the herbal cleanse pills. You'll need to talk to your coach.


This is the third card I made using the Gina K. Designs Stitched Leaves stamp set. My Aunt Betty and Uncle Delos are celebrating their 70th Wedding Anniversary this week. I felt like these beautiful leaves would be a reminder of the time of year they began their lives together.
As with the other cards, Canson XL 140# Watercolor Paper was covered with Distress Ink Candied Apple, Wild Honey, Fossilized Amber, Spiced Marmalade, Twisted Citron, and Peeled Paint. Each color was randomly applied onto the watercolor paper by directing smooching the ink pads all over the paper. The paper was saturated with a spray bottle of water so that the colors would blend together.
When everything was completely dry an anti static pad was used to liberally coated the surface of the watercolored paper to ensure the embossing powder would only stick to the stamped images. The leaf images were stamped with VersaMark Ink, heat embossed with Ranger Fine Detail Gold Embossing Powder, heat set with the Marvy Embossing Tool, and die cut with the matching dies.
To assemble this card I combined the design of the other two cards I made with these leaves. An A2 top folding cardbase was made from Gina K. Designs 120# Ivory Cardstock. A rectangle was cut from Gina K. Designs 80# Ivory Cardstock using a My Favorite Things Wonky Rectangle and dry embossed with the Darice Wood Grain Embossing Folder and the Sizzix Big Shot. Darice Sticky Back Foam was cut 1/8″ smaller and adhered to the back of the rectangle. The arrangement of leaves were adhered to the front using both Nuvo Deluxe Adhesive and 3M 1/2″ Foam Tape.
The sentiment is from the Sizzix Celebrate Die set and was cut from Paper Accents Gold Mirror Cardstock and an additional four time from Gina K. Designs 80# Ivory Cardstock. Elmer's Craft Bond Spray Adhesive was used to adhere all of them together. The sentiment was adhered to the front of the focal image rectangle with Nuvo Deluxe Adhesive. The panel was adhered to the front of the cardbase with the same glue and the card was done.
I love the stamp Stitched Leaves by Gina K. Designs. You can either stamp a solid image of each leaf, or you can stamp the outline only for a beautiful fall card. For this card I created a watercolor background using Distress Inks and stamped the outline image with VersaMark Ink and heat embossed them with Ranger Fine Detail Gold Embossing Powder. I love the multi colored look of each leaf.
An A2 top folding cardbase was made from Gina K. Designs 120# Ivory Cardstock and the front was dry embossing using the Darice Wood Grain Embossing Folder. The leaves were then arranged into a grouping and adhered to the front with Nuvo Deluxe Adhesive and 3M 1/2″ Foam Tape for the top maple leaf.
The sentiment is from the Mama Elephant Birthday Script Die and was cut from Paper Accents Gold Mirror Cardstock. It was cut an additional four times from Gina K. Designs 80# Ivory Cardstock and adhered together with Elmer's Craft Bond Spray Adhesive. The secondary sentiment from the Winnie & Walter The Big, The Bold, and Party stamp set was stamped on a scrap of red cardstock with VersaMark Ink and heat embossed with the same gold embossing powder. The die cut birthday was adhered to the card front with Nuvo Deluxe Adhesive and the secondary greeting was adhered over it with 3M 1/2″ Foam Tape and the card was done.
Power Poppy's Luminous Bouquet Digital Stamp has a very detailed center to the largest flower. I printed it on Neena Classic Crest 80# Solar White Cardstock with an HP Printer and then cut an outline around the image with the PIXScan Mat and the Silhouette Cameo.
You have to color very carefully if when coloring a flower red with a yellow center if you don't want the red to bleed into the yellow, but I like the combination. Copic Markers R20, 422, 424, 427, 429; YR20, YR21, YR23; Y02, Y08, Y1Y; G00, G1, G19, YG04; BG000 were used to color the image.
I like when a smaller rectangle is used to set off a focal image, with a little bit of the focal image spreading over the edges. Winnie & Walter's Audrey Essential Die was used to create a scalloped rectangle to adhere the focal image to with Tombo Mono Multi Glue. Darice Sticky Back Foam was used to trace the focal image and then adhered to the back. The focal image was then adhered to the scalloped rectangle with Tombo Mono Multi Glue.
The focal image rectangle was placed on a side folding A2 cardbase made from Gina K. Designs 120# White Cardstock to determine where to stamp the sentiment from Gina K. Designs Peony Wishes with VersaMark Ink and heat embossed with Ranger Fine Detail Gold Embossing Powder and the card was done.
There are a lot of ranunculus flower stamps out there right now. I like them all. This stamp is a digital image from Power Poppy, which was printed on Neena Classic Crest 80# Solar White Cardstock using a Laser Printer. The dry ink in a laser printer ensures that the image does not bleed when coloring with Copic Markers.
The markers used for this flower arrangement were: RV09, RV06, RV04; YG65, YG93, YG91; BG0000. Once it was printed and colored it was die cut using the PIXScan Mat and the Silhouette Cameo. The image was traced onto Darice Sticky Back Foam, fussy cut with scissors and adhered to the back of the arrangement.
The sentiment is from Penny Black Sprinkles & Smiles and was stamped using VersaMark Ink on vellum cardstock and heat embossed with Ranger Fine Detail Gold Embossing Powder.
A scalloped rectangle was die cut using a Lawn Fawn Outside In Stitched Scalloped Rectangle die. The focal image was adhered to the front with Tombo Mono Multi Glue and the sentiment was wrapped around the rectangle and adhered to the back with Scotch Tape.
Darice Sticky Back Foam was cut 1/8" smaller than the scalloped rectangle and adhered to the back. A top folding A2 cardbase was made from Gina K. Designs 120# White Cardstock and the front was run through the Big Shot with the Darice Basketweave Embossing Folder to add visual interest. The Focal image panel was then adhered to the front using Tombo Mono Multi Glue and the card was done.
When I saw Gina K. Designs Rose Bouquet Stamp I really like the image, but when I got it in the mail it was smaller than I thought it would be. An easy way to make a small image take center stage is to cut a rectangle just larger than the image and then back it was a different colored frame.
For this card I stamped the image with Memento Tuxedo Black Ink onto Neena Classic Crest 80# Solar White Cardstock and then die cut a rectangle using a Simon Says Stamp Stitched Rectangle. Gina K. Designs 120# Black Cardstock was cut 1/8" larger and the two were adhered together using Kokuyo Dotliner Adhesive. The black border really draws the eye to the focal image.
The sentiment is from Technique Tuesday Cosmos and was stamped with Hero Hues India Ink Black in the lower left of the focal image panel.
I used fall colors for the flowers. Copic Markers: Copic Markers: R08, R05, R22; YR16, YR14, YR12; YR18, YR16, YR12; YG97, YG95, YG9. Light blue markers were added for a sky effect (B0000, B000).
Darice Sticky Back Foam was cut with the same Simon Says Stamp rectangle die and adhered to the back of the focal image. A top folding A2 cardbase was made from Gina K. Designs 120# White Cardstock and the focal image was adhered to the front using Tombo Mono Multi Glue.
I really like the peony bouquet from Gina K. Designs Peony Wishes. It was stamped with Memento Tuxedo Black Ink and then die cut using the PIXScan and the Silhouette Cameo. It is the perfect size for a My Favorite Things Wonky Rectangle base. Both were stamped and cut from Neena Classic Crest 80# Solar White Cardstock. A rectangle 1/8" larger than the wonky rectangle was cut with a guillotine paper cutter and adhered to the back with Kokuyo Dotliner Adhesive.
My favorite color is red and so I used different hues to color the flower images. Copic Markers used were: R08, R05, R22; R29, R27, R24; R22, R21, R20; YG97, YG93, YG91; B000.
3M ½" Foam Tape was added to the back of the flowers and then they were adhered to the front of the wonky rectangle. The focal image panel was placed on the front of a top folding A2 cardbase made from Gina K. Designs 120# White Cardstock to determine where to stamp the sentiment from Simon Says Stamp Brush Stroke Messages with Hero Hues India Ink Black. Once the sentiment was stamped the focal image was adhered to the front of the cardbase with Tombo Mono Multi Glue and the card was done.