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Iran, Iraq and Turkey Seek Triple Military Alliance | ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English Archive
Iran, Iraq and Turkey Seek Triple Military Alliance
by Amir Taheri | Oct 8, 2017 | Features |
London – Iran, Iraq and Turkey have agreed to create a triple military alliance as the first step towards growing cooperation in mutual defense and regional security.
The creation of the "military triangle" was highlighted yesterday in a report published by Fars News Agency, the principal news outlet for the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC).
According to the report the idea of alliance was raised in the recent trip to Ankara by Iran's Chief of Staff of Armed Forces General Muhammad Hussein Baqeri at the head of a 40-man delegation, during high-level meetings with Turkish leaders including President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
Baqeri's visit was the first of its kind by the highest Islamic Republic military commander to a member-state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Its historic importance was subsequently highlighted by the visit to Tehran of the Turkish Chief of Staff Gen. Hulusi Akar followed by President Erdogan himself. Within a few days of Baqeri's visit to Ankara, his Iraqi counterpart Gen. Othman al-Ghanimi came to Tehran to discuss Baghdad's role in the emerging alliance project.
According to sources, Iranian, Iraqi and Turkish senior commanders held a series of meetings to set out the rules for join staff conversation, exchange of military intelligence and targeted joint operations.
Since then, the three neighbors have held coordinated military exercises along their respective borders.
Initially, the composition of Baqeri's team in his Ankara visit was kept confidential.
Now, however, Fars has revealed the names of some of those who accompanied the Chief of Staff in his historic visit. They included General Muhammad Pakpur, Commander of the Ground Forces of the IRGC, Gen. Qassem Rezai, Commander of the Border Forces and the deputy head of the regular army's planning division. Gen. Rahim-Zadeh.
Also present in Baqeri's team was Gen. Mehrabi, who heads the Khatam al-Anbia base, a conglomerate that runs the IRGC's economic and business enterprises, indicating that the "triple alliance" may also include the sale of certain categories of weapons by Iran to Turkey and Iraq, as well as joint construction projects in border areas.
The presence in Gen. Baqeri's team of Gen. Hassan Baqeri, in charge of the army's training programs, indicated the intention to extend military cooperation into educational and academic domains.
The fact that Baqeri also met the Turkish Prime Minister Binali Yildrim, Defense Minister Nurettin Canikli and Security Chief Hakan Fidan underlined the broader political dimensions of his high profile role in reshaping Iran's defense and foreign policies.
The "triple alliance" also envisages cooperation in training of the security forces of the three neighbors.
In talks with his Turkish and Iraqi counterparts, Gen. Baqeri proposed the development of plans for academic level "joint action" in the field of defense and security. That could allow for an exchange of students seeking military careers at higher academic levels.
Such an exchange would enable Iranian trainee officers to get familiar with the military culture of NATO, something that was available to Iran before the Islamic Revolution in 1979. At the same time, the program would enable the military in Iraq and Turkey to obtain direct understanding of Iran's military doctrine, mindset, methods and practices.
It is not clear how many trainee officers would be exchanged among the three members of the proposed alliance.
However, according to Gen. Baqeri the putative allies would also organize joint courses for trainee officers from all three countries. That would allow the gradual emergence of a new generation of officers who have studied together and thus know each other's way of thinking more closely, fostering an esprit de corps that could strengthen neighborly ties.
According to Fars, it was the Kurdish secessionist referendum in Iraq that speeded up a process that had been "in gestation at thought level for some time".
In an unusually frank statement, Gen. Baqeri has asserted that Iran, Iraq and Turkey will not allow Iraqi Kurds to secede.
Iran and Turkey have a long history of alliance treaties.
The first came in 1639 when the two neighbors divided Mesopotamia on the basis of the Qasr-e-Shirin Treaty, ending centuries of conflict and war over who controls what is now Iraq. That ended centuries of wars between the Ottoman Empire and Iran in which, at times, Iranians allied themselves with European powers against the Turks.
After the collapse of the Caliphate in Constantinople, Iran and Turkey went through a period of "national redefinition" and in 1933 concluded the Saadabad Pact which even envisaged the creation of joint military units.
That was interrupted in 1941 when the Allies, Great Britain and Russia, invaded and occupied Iran for almost five years.
In 1955 Iran and Turkey created a new alliance with Iraq. Known as the Baghdad Pact it also included the United Kingdom.
The Baghdad Pact collapsed in 1959 when the new Iraqi pro-Soviet regime of Col. Abdul-Karim Qassem denounced it. That forced Iran and Turkey to create a new alliance known as the Central Treat Organization (CENTO) with Pakistan added as a new member and the UK retaining the place it had in the Baghdad Pact. The United Sates was included as an associate member, emphasizing CENTO's close ties to NATO.
Right now Iran, Iraq and Turkey have a number of major concerns.
The Kurdish secessionist bid is highlighted as a major threat. In reality, however, such a threat could be no more than marginal in military-security terms. More urgent is the need to fully cleanse the region from the remnants of ISIS and find a way out of the quagmire that is Syria.
Iran and Turkey have been on opposite sides in Syria for seven years.
Now, however, Tehran is beginning to realize that it is losing its dominant role in Syria as Russia assumes the role of big power there. An alliance with Turkey and Iraq could help Iran regain part of its lost influence in Syria without risking a direct clash with Russia.
The forging of the triple alliance also boosts the prestige and authority of Gen. Baqeri as a top-level player in Iran's macro-politics, eclipsing that of President Hassan Rouhani and his Cabinet who have been excluded from the entire process.
The 56-year old two-star general, whose full surname is Afshordi-Baqeri, took over as Chief of Staff last June and has hit the road running. Holder of a PhD, Baqeri is regarded in Iranian military circles as an intellectual soldier as opposed to his long-serving predecessor Gen. Hassan Firuzababadi, who was more of a bureaucratic figure.
Gen. Baqeri has also established direct contact with his Pakistani counterpart Gen. Qamar Javed Bajwa, who is visiting Tehran next week. According to sources Gen. Baqeri wants Pakistan to join the emerging "triple alliance" or, at least, to revive aspects of military cooperation it had with Iran and Turkey before the mullahs seized power in Tehran in 1979.
In a gesture of goodwill toward Baqeri, Gen. Bajwa ordered the deployment additional Pakistani military units on the border with Iran to prevent infiltration of "terrorists" and smugglers into Iranian territory.
Gen. Baqeri is also sending an indirect message to the United Sates at a time that President Donald Trump is reportedly pondering whether or not he should declare the IRGC a "terrorist organization."
Gen. Baqeri's message is clear: The IRGC and the Iranian armed forces are really important players in the nation's politics. Antagonizing them would be bad policy on the part of the US, especially at a time that the new commanders, under Baqeri, are trying to establish links with NATO via Turkey.
"Iran has already entered a post-Khamenei transition period," says Nasser Zamani, an analyst in Tehran.
"What is certain is that the mullahs cannot handle that transition and that gives the military an opening to offer an alternative narrative of the revolution, paving the way for normalization with the outside world."
Gen. Baqeri's efforts to make the "triple alliance" possible is an indication, albeit indirect, that his priority is national security and regional military cooperation rather than "exporting revolution", a project that has already failed.


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Three-dimensional (3D) laser micro- and nanoprinting, previously often referred to as 3D direct laser writing, has turned from an interesting scientific curiosity that emerged around 20 years ago (1, 2) into a reliable, versatile, commercially available, and widespread technology. Applications range from 3D photonic crystals (3, 4), photonic wire bonds (5), 3D-printed free-form surfaces (6, 7), microoptics for 3D optical circuitry (8), micromirrors (9), and optical microlens systems (10, 11) via 3D mechanical metamaterials (12–15) and 3D security features (16) to 3D microscaffolds for cell culture (17–19) and 3D-printed micromachines (20–24). However, in the vast majority of published microstructures, only a single material has been 3D-printed, with several recent notable exceptions (7, 16, 25, 26). The state of the art of this field has been described in various recent reviews (27–29), where further references can be found.
In close analogy to well-established multistep planar optical lithography, 3D structures composed of multiple materials are straightforward to make by the application of the first resist (e.g., by drop casting or spin coating), exposing the first resist system by two-photon absorption, development and rinsing in the chemistry room, application of the next resist, realignment in three dimensions within the 3D laser printer, exposing the second resist system, etc. However, as resist systems and cycles increase, such a process performed by humans rapidly becomes not only very tedious and time consuming but also quite unreliable. Therefore, it is highly desirable to avoid having to go back and forth between the chemistry room and the 3D laser printer numerous times and instead integrate all steps and components into one compact tabletop machine tool.
constant. The entrance glass window of the microfluidic chamber needs to be very thin (170 μm) due to the small free working distance of the focusing objective lens. Therefore, it cannot withstand pressure differences of more than a few bars. The next question to be answered is: Can an attractive overall system appreciating all of these constraints be realized?
Here, we present such a system. We illustrate its capabilities by a recently introduced application example, for which the need for multiple ingredient materials is immediately obvious: deterministic microstructured 3D fluorescent security features based on multiple emission colors. For this example, the recent state of the art (16) based on conventional systems and processes can directly be compared with the advances described in this article. We use seven different liquids within the microfluidic system: a nonfluorescent photoresist for the structure's backbone, four photoresists containing fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots and organic dyes with different emission colors, and two developers (mr-Dev 600 and acetone). The scaling-up to a yet larger number of chemicals is straightforward.
A scheme of the microfluidic chamber that we have built for application in combination with a commercial 3D direct laser writing system is shown in Fig. 1A. An example photoresist is shown in Fig. 1B. To understand the details, Fig. 2A shows an expanded view of the microfluidic chamber, which is made of stainless steel. Optical access is warranted by a round glass window (diameter, 25 mm; thickness, 170 μm). Another round glass window (diameter, 10 mm; thickness, 170 μm) on the opposite side of the chamber serves as the substrate onto which samples are printed. The distance between the two windows is 100 μm. This distance obviously limits the possible height of structures that can be 3D-printed. It is determined by the free working distance of the high-NA oil-immersion microscope objective lens minus the thickness of the glass window. The thickness of the glass window is limited by mechanical stability. We will further discuss this aspect below.
Fig. 1 Scheme of the microfluidic chamber.
(A) A high-NA oil-immersion microscope objective lens focuses femtosecond laser pulses into a chamber, which is clad by two thin glass windows (light blue). One of them serves as the substrate for the samples. The selection valve shown in Fig. 3 allows for switching between different photoresists (here, one nonfluorescent and four fluorescent) and solvents (acetone and mr-Dev 600), which are injected into the microfluidic chamber. For clarity, the scheme is not to scale. A to-scale technical drawing is shown in Fig. 2B. (B) Structure formulae of the components of one of the fluorescent photoresists containing Atto dye molecules.
Fig. 2 Microfluidic sample holder for 3D laser lithography.
(A) Left-hand side: Scheme of the complete sample holder, which can be placed into a commercial 3D laser lithography machine. Right-hand side: Explosion drawing of the microfluidic chamber, which hosts a small coverslip (diameter, 10 mm) inside the chamber, onto which structures can be 3D-printed. The chamber is sealed using a solvent-resistant O-ring, and the top part features a circular glass window for the high-NA oil-immersion objective to focus inside the chamber. (B) Cross-sectional scale drawing of the sample holder. The sample holder features connectors for liquid tubing and channels for the liquids to be guided in and out of the microfluidic chamber. The liquid flow path is indicated using red arrows.
Because of this design, the possibilities and limitations of 3D laser lithography are the same as without using a microfluidic chamber (28). In particular, overhanging structures can be fabricated, the printing resolution can be tuned, and large sample footprints are possible (of course, limited by the substrate size). Likewise, optical aberrations may arise from small differences in the refractive indices of an unpolymerized photoresist and an already cross-linked material or from the difference in refractive index of the different cross-linked materials.
To insert and take out the substrate, it must be possible to reproducibly open and close the microfluidic chamber. Therefore, it consists of a top and a bottom part, as can be seen in Fig. 2A. The glass window toward the microscope objective lens is glued permanently to the top part using a two-component epoxy adhesive (UHU plus endfest 300, UHU GmbH & Co. KG), which is resistant to almost all organic solvents and (if needed) can only be dissolved by immersing it in dichloromethane overnight. Also, the top part features a groove for a solvent-resistant O-ring (14 mm by 1.78 mm; Viton FEP Encapsulated, Eastern Seals Ltd.), which seals the fluidic sample holder, making it leakproof. Apart from holding the substrate, the lower part of the sample holder also contains small channels with an inner diameter (ID) of 1 mm that guide the liquid flow in and out of the microfluidic chamber of the sample holder, as can be seen in the cross-sectional view of the sample holder in Fig. 2B (see also Fig. 1A).
The worst-case scenario when using the microfluidic setup inside the 3D direct laser writing system is a bursting glass window caused by excessive overpressure inside the microfluidic chamber. Thus, we have taken several precautions to avoid this scenario. First, we have measured the critical overpressure at which the glass window typically fails in independent controlled combustion tests. In these tests, we usually found a critical overpressure value larger than 3 bar. Second, to reduce the overpressure inside the microfluidic chamber inasmuch as possible, we connect the output of the microfluidic chamber to the waste container using a fluorinated ethylene propylene tube with a relatively large ID of 1.0 mm. The outer diameter (OD) is 1.59 mm. Third, we never set the pressure controller to an overpressure exceeding 2 bar and feed the pressure controller only with a nitrogen overpressure slightly above 2 bar. Fourth, we have also installed a pressure relief valve (back pressure regulator P-791 and branch tee P-612, IDEX Health and Science) between the distributor valve and the input to the microfluidic chamber (see Fig. 3A). Thus far, with these precautions, the glass window has yet to fail.
Fig. 3 Scheme of the system connected to the microfluidic chamber.
(A) It consists of an electronic pressure controller connected to a nitrogen bottle, up to 10 containers for the photoresists and solvents for development, and the star-shaped selection valve. Pumping individual liquids is possible by applying a pneumatic pressure to all liquid containers and opening the flow path for a single liquid using the selection valve. Following the selection valve, the liquid flow is guided through an overpressure valve and our homebuilt sample holder. Last, it is directed into a waste container. (B) Cross section through our homebuilt selection valve assembly. The assembly consists of commercial solenoid valves and a homebuilt 10-to-1 manifold that connects the 10 liquid containers to 10 solenoid valves, and the valve outputs to one manifold output port. An example flow path for one liquid is indicated with red arrows.
In addition to the described microfluidic chamber, the overall system also includes an electronic pressure controller that is connected to a nitrogen bottle, several reservoirs containing the different photoresists and developer liquids, a homebuilt distributor valve, and tubings connecting the different components. These aspects are illustrated in Fig. 3. In particular, the system can be used to pump the different liquids as follows: Using the electronic pressure controller (one channel with 0 to 8000 mbar; Elveflow OB1 MKIII, Elvesys SAS), a defined nitrogen pressure can be applied to all liquid containers simultaneously (15-ml Falcon centrifuge tubes). The liquid containers are sealed with gas-tight lids (Elveflow) that, in addition to the inlets for the nitrogen tubes coming from the pressure controller (2.5-mm-ID polyurethane tube), have connectors for the liquid-carrying tubes. These tubes are attached to the liquid containers in such a way that they dip into the liquids inside the containers, and thus, if an overpressure is applied to the whole container, then the liquids are ejected through these tubes. Throughout the whole microfluidic system, all liquid-carrying tubes have an OD of 1.59 mm and are connected using 1/4-28 flat-bottom flangeless PEEK (polyether ether ketone) or Delrin fittings and ETFE ferrules (e.g., P-201, P-200X, or XP-235X; IDEX Health and Science).
It is possible to select and pump individual liquids due to our homebuilt distributor valve assembly, which is highlighted in Fig. 3B. Originally, we started by using a commercial high-performance liquid chromatography valve. However, after a few months of use, this valve became leaky because the sealing surfaces developed scratches due to the photoresist that polymerized on the inner surfaces. Therefore, we constructed a dedicated homebuilt distributor valve assembly. This assembly consists of 10 normally closed solenoid valves (LVM09R3Y1-5C-6-Q, SMC Corporation) connected to a homebuilt, machined aluminum 10-to-1 manifold (cross-sectional view in Fig. 3B) that guides the different liquids through the valves and eventually connects the outputs from the valves to one single output port. Internally, the wetted components of the solenoid valves consist of PEEK and Kalrez. These materials resist the different organic chemicals typically used in the workflow of 3D laser lithography. We switch the valves in a computer-controlled manner using a simple amplifier circuit incorporating a microcontroller board (Arduino Uno).
When using the microfluidic system in a 3D laser lithography setup, it is usually desirable to reduce the unnecessary consumption of photoresist as far as possible. This quantity is determined most importantly by the swept volume of all fluidic components that are connected to the input of the microfluidic chamber. Considering the small swept volume of the distributor valve (49 μl) and the fluidic chamber (25.9 μl), the major contribution stems from the tubings that are needed to connect the single components; e.g., if one would use a 1-m-long tubing with an ID of 2 mm, the swept volume would be as high as 3.1 ml. We thus aimed to reduce the ID of the tubings used as far as possible while keeping the required pump pressures at an acceptable level. As a good compromise, for the rather viscous photoresists, we ended up using connection tubings with an ID of 0.03″ = 762 μm (OD, 1.59 mm). In total, the lengths of tubing between the liquid container, the distributor valve, the pressure relief valve, and the sample holder sum up to a total length of 85 cm of tubing that liquid has to be pumped through before reaching the sample holder. Hence, for the photoresists, the tubings alone add a swept volume of 388 μl in total, resulting in a swept volume of approximately 463 μl for the whole system. Thus, we typically consume about 0.5 ml of photoresist for each injection. Compared to 3D laser lithography in a conventional writing mode, where a droplet of photoresist with a volume between 25 and 100 μl is usually sufficient in most cases, this means that photoresist consumption is increased when using the microfluidic system. For the two less viscous solvents, we used polytetrafluoroethylene tubing with an ID of 500 μm between the liquid container and the distributor valve.
In pressure-driven microfluidics, a problematic case is the one where the sample chamber is filled with a very viscous photoresist and one aims to inject a low-viscosity solvent into the sample holder. When injecting the solvent at a constant pump pressure, this would lead to low flow rates in the first moment when the system is still filled with the viscous photoresist and to excessive flow rates as soon as most of the system is filled with solvent. As an easy and very effective solution to this problem, we added a flow restrictor to the flow path of the solvent (acetone, very low dynamic viscosity η = 0.38 mPa·s), which is used to remove photoresists out of the sample holder. The flow restrictor (Elveflow SAS) consists of a PEEK capillary with a diameter of 65 μm and a length of 5 cm and leads to similar pump pressures at similar flow rates for photoresists and solvent. This can be easily understood by a simple example calculation. Consider a tube with a length of 1 m and an ID of 0.03″. Half of the tube is filled with pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA; η = 1 Pa·s), and the other half is filled with acetone (η = 0.38 mPa·s). The acetone-filled side is connected to an acetone reservoir, and an overpressure of 1.5 bar is applied to it. Using Hagen-Poiseuille's equation (which can be seen in direct analogy to Ohm's law, where the tubes and the flow restrictors correspond to electrical resistors), we calculated the resulting flow rates. During the filling of the tube with acetone, for a constant applied overpressure, the flow rate would shoot up from 2.5 to 3266.4 μl/s (when the tube is completely filled with acetone). This means that, in this case, the flow rate would shoot up by a factor of 1316, which is not acceptable for any of our experiments. Now, consider the case where a flow restrictor (diameter, 65 μm; length, 5 cm) is additionally connected between the tube and the acetone reservoir. The same calculation now yields an increase in flow rate from 1.44 to 3.46 μl/s, corresponding to a moderate increase by a factor of 2.4. Thus, at the expense of elevated pumping pressures (which is acceptable for fluids with very low viscosity), the use of a flow restrictor is a very effective solution to this problem. A flow restrictor in the acetone path has been used in all of our experiments.
To showcase the capabilities of our system by a demanding example, we have chosen to fabricate 3D fluorescent security features similar to the ones we have already published (19). These security features consist of a 3D cross-grid (periods axy = 7.5 μm, az = 9 μm; lateral beam widths of approximately 0.75 μm) as a backbone, with fluorescent markers out of four different fluorescent photoresists printed into it, effectively resulting in a 3D matrix of fluorescent markers with different emission colors. In the xy plane, the markers are designed to have an extent of 3 μm by 3 μm. The stabilizing walls have a thickness of 5 μm. However, because of our microfluidic system, we were able to double the number of different fluorescent colors in the structure (four instead of two) and have also increased the lateral density of the markers by a factor of 2 (leading to a fourfold density of markers).
In the fabrication workflow, we first inject the nonfluorescent photoresist into the microfluidic chamber. As this photoresist is rather viscous, we use an overpressure of ΔP = 2000 mbar for t = 120 s. After the 3D support grid has been printed, we develop the sample by injecting acetone (ΔP = 1500 mbar, t = 60 s) and mr-Dev 600 (ΔP = 150 mbar, t = 60 s) consecutively. We then 3D-print the fluorescent parts of the structure by repeatedly injecting the fluorescent photoresists, printing, and developing with acetone and mr-Dev 600 as described above. The blue- and green-emitting photoresists contain CdSeS/ZnS quantum dots (ΔP = 500 mbar, t = 45 s), whereas the orange- and red-emitting resists (ΔP = 1000 mbar, t = 40 s) contain organic Atto dyes (see Materials and Methods for further details). Images of the top layer of a written structure taken using the camera integrated into the 3D laser lithography system are depicted in Fig. 4. Each image was taken after the printing of a new fluorescent photoresist was finished, and the false-color overlays correspond to the different fluorescence emission colors of the different parts of the structure. After finishing the last printing and development step, the sample is finished and no further process steps are required. However, to clean up the sample, we typically perform an additional cleaning step by rinsing the sample in acetone and isopropanol and carefully blow-drying the sample with a nitrogen gun.
Fig. 4 Successive 3D printing of different photoresists.
Images taken using the camera integrated into our 3D laser lithography machine. Each image shows the uppermost layer of the 3D microstructure, but after different printing steps. For the first picture, the 3D support grid and blue fluorescent markers have been printed, whereas for the last picture, markers using all four fluorescent resists have been printed. For clarity, fluorescence emission colors are overlaid.
The left-hand side of Fig. 5A shows the computer design of the 3D fluorescent security feature. It consists of the 3D cross-grid surrounded by walls for support depicted in gray, with four fluorescent markers arranged laterally around every grid point. In total, this results in 26 × 26 × 5 possible marker positions in the x, y, and z direction. Thus, around 7.8 kbit of information can be stored inside the security feature. For characterization of the fabricated structures, we use confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM), which we use to image the different fluorescent parts in three dimensions (see Materials and Methods for details). The right-hand side of Fig. 5A shows how the different z-layers of markers are arranged inside the 3D microstructure. The computer designs of the test patterns we printed inside the security features are shown in Fig. 5B, and the measured images of single marker layers of an actual fabricated microstructure taken using LSM are depicted in Fig. 5C. The intensity normalization is the same for all fluorescence images shown. In addition, insets in Fig. 5C show the level of detail at which the fluorescent parts of the structure are printed. As can be seen in the figure, the agreement between the designed test patterns and the measured data is excellent.
Fig. 5 Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy of fabricated structures.
(A) On the left-hand side, a computer rendering of the design for the microstructure is shown. It consists of a nonfluorescent 3D support structure (gray) with fluorescent markers with different emission colors printed into it. On the right-hand side, a stack of images taken by using fluorescence microscopy is shown. (B) The designs of the test patterns were printed into the five different marker layers of the microstructure. (C) Measurement data from fabricated microstructures taken using fluorescence microscopy. Insets show the level of detail at which different photoresist structure elements can be printed.
We introduce a microfluidic system that can perform all photoresist injection and sample development steps inside the laser lithography machine. Thus, our system heavily facilitates the fabrication of 3D laser lithography structures consisting of multiple materials. To highlight the capabilities of our system by example, we have printed complex 3D security features, which consist of five different photoresists, in total using seven different liquids for fabrication inside the laser lithography system. It is conceivable that these microfluidic systems will become widely established for the manufacture of complex 3D micro- and nanostructures composed of multiple materials, with applications in diverse fields such as 3D scaffolds for cell culture, 3D metamaterials, 3D micro-optical systems, and 3D security features. As we have shown, the system can even be integrated into commercially available state-of-the-art 3D laser lithography machine tools.
All chemicals were used without further purification. The materials used (and their corresponding manufacturers) were as follows: acetone (99.5%; Sigma-Aldrich), Atto 565 (alkyne functionalized; ATTO-TEC GmbH), Atto 647N (alkyne functionalized; ATTO-TEC GmbH), Irgacure 819 (Ciba Inc.), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 99%; Merck), isopropanol (99.5%; Sigma-Aldrich), PETA (technical grade; Sigma-Aldrich), mr-Dev 600 (micro resist technology GmbH), toluene (99.8%; Sigma-Aldrich), tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decanedimethanol diacrylate (TDDDA; technical grade; Sigma-Aldrich), Trilite Fluorescent Nanocrystals 450 nm (alkyl functionalized; Cytodiagnostics), Trilite Fluorescent Nanocrystals 525 nm (alkyl functionalized; Cytodiagnostics), and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (98%; Sigma-Aldrich).
The photoresist was obtained by mixing the multifunctional monomer PETA with 2% (w/w) Irgacure 819 as photoinitiator and subsequent treatment for 30 min in an ultrasonic bath.
First, 4% (w/w) of Irgacure 819 was added to PETA and ultrasonicated until the photoinitator was dissolved completely (mixture A). We then blended mixture A with the nonpolar monomer TDDDA and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1:2 (mixture B). While stirring on a magnetic stirrer, we slowly added 10% (w/w) nonpolar (oleic acid) functionalized CdSeS/ZnS alloyed quantum dots in toluene solution (1 mg/ml) to mixture B. Depending on the desired fluorescence emission color, we used either blue- or green-emitting quantum dots (λem = 450 nm or λem = 525 nm). Last, we evaporated toluene from the photoresist while stirring at 35°C for 20 hours. After evaporation, the photoresists still contained about 10% (v/v) toluene.
Atto 647N and Atto 565 (alkyne functionalized) were dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Then, 4% (w/w) Irgacure 819 was dissolved in PETA. TDDDA was added in a volume ratio of 1:1. We finally added 10 μM Atto dye in DMSO and stirred the mixture for 5 min. The final photoresists contain about 6% (v/v) DMSO.
To improve surface adhesion of the printed structures to the substrate, we silanized the coverslips by activating the glass surface using plasma etching for 30 min and immersing them into 1 mM solution of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate in toluene afterward. Next, the coverslips were rinsed with isopropanol and blow-dried with a nitrogen gun.
3D laser lithography was performed using a commercial direct laser writing system (Photonic Professional GT, Nanoscribe GmbH). This instrument includes an automated interface finder. For writing, we used a long-distance oil-immersion objective (Carl Zeiss LD LCI Plan-Apochromat 63×/1.2 Imm Korr DIC M27) with a correction ring for the refractive index of the immersion medium. Adjustment of the correction ring was performed by minimizing the writing threshold power for the nonfluorescent photoresist. To write the 3D cross-grid support structure, we typically used a constant writing laser power of P = 34.5 mW and a writing velocity of v = 1.5 cm/s. To write the fluorescent photoresists, we used a speed of 1 cm/s and a writing power of 42.5 mW for the deepest layer of fluorescent markers inside the structure and linearly decreased the writing power to 35 mW to write the uppermost layer of markers.
We performed confocal LSM using a commercial system (LSM510 Meta, Carl Zeiss). For readout of the sample, we used an oil-immersion objective (Plan-Apochromat 63×/1.40, Carl Zeiss). For this purpose, we put the immersion oil directly onto the sample. The microscope is equipped with two photomultiplier tubes, so that two color channels can be read out simultaneously. Thus, for samples emitting at four different fluorescence colors, each z-layer has to be read out twice using different filter sets. We chose the following alternating routine: For each z-layer, we first read out the blue and the orange channel using a chromatic beam splitter at λBS = 490 nm and two band-pass filters with 420 nm < λBP1 < 480 nm and 575 nm < λBP2 < 615 nm. Here, the sample was excited with a power of 236 μW at 405 nm and with a power of 109 μW at 488 nm. To scan the green and the red channel, we used a chromatic beam splitter at λ = 565 nm, a band-pass filter transparent between 505 nm < λBP3 < 550 nm for the green channel, and a long-pass filter with λLP > 650 nm for the red channel. For excitation, we used a blue laser (λ = 405 nm, P = 236 μW) and a red laser (λ = 633 nm, P = 28 μW). All excitation powers were measured in the back focal plane of the objective lens.
Fig. S1. Photograph of the microfluidic setup.
Fig. S2. Photographs of the microfluidic sample holder.
Movie S1. Animation of scan through different z-positions of the fluorescent 3D microstructure.
, Three-dimensional microfabrication with two-photon-absorbed photopolymerization. Opt. Lett. 22, 132–134 (1997).
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, Cloaked contact grids on solar cells by coordinate transformations: Designs and prototypes. Optica 2, 850–853 (2015).
, Sub-micrometre accurate free-form optics by three-dimensional printing on single-mode fibres. Nat. Commun. 7, 11763 (2016).
, In situ 3D nanoprinting of free-form coupling elements for hybrid photonic integration. Nat. Photonics 12, 241–247 (2018).
, Microphotonic parabolic light directors fabricated by two-photon lithography. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 151113 (2011).
, Two-photon direct laser writing of ultracompact multi-lens objectives. Nat. Photonics 10, 554–560 (2016).
, 3D-printed eagle eye: Compound microlens system for foveated imaging. Sci. Adv. 3, e1602655 (2017).
, Resilient 3D hierarchical architected metamaterials. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112, 11502–11507 (2015).
, Approaching theoretical strength in glassy carbon nanolattices. Nat. Mater. 15, 438–443 (2016).
, 3D nano-architected metallic glass: Size effect suppresses catastrophic failure. Acta Mater. 133, 393–407 (2017).
, Three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials with a twist. Science 358, 1072–1074 (2017).
, 3d fluorescence-based security features by 3D laser lithography. Adv. Mater. Technol. 2, 1700212 (2017).
, Elastic fully three-dimensional microstructure scaffolds for cell force measurements. Adv. Mater. 22, 868–871 (2010).
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Acknowledgments: We thank M. Bastmeyer (KIT) for providing us with access to his group's confocal LSM. Funding: We acknowledge support from the Helmholtz Program Science and Technology of Nanosystems (STN), the Excellence Cluster 3D Matter Made to Order (3DMM2O), the Karlsruhe School of Optics & Photonics (KSOP), and the KIT Nanostructure Service Laboratory (NSL). We acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Open Access Publishing Fund of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. C.B.-K. acknowledges receipt of a Laureate Fellowship from the Australian Research Council (ARC), enabling his photochemical research program. Author contributions: F.M. built the experimental setup and performed the experiments. S.R. helped in the discussions. J.W. designed the sample holder. E.B. and C.B.-K. helped with the required photoresists and chemistry-related questions. M.W. stimulated and led the effort. F.M. and M.W. wrote the first draft of the paper. All authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors.


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Home / Profile / Tiger Jeet Singh
Tiger Jeet Singh
Last updated by David Buckler on April 28, 2014
NWA (Toronto) International Tag Team titles w/Fred Atkins defeating Bulldog Brower & Billy Watson (July 31, 1966);
NWA (Toronto) United States Heavyweight title defeating Johnny Valentine (June 11, 1967);
NWA (Toronto) International Tag Team titles w/Bull Curry defeating Bulldog Brower & Billy Watson (May 26, 1968);
IWA (Australia) World Tag Team titles w/Mr. Fuji defeating Curtis Iaukea & Mark Lewin (May 1971);
IWA (Montreal) International Heavyweight title won a Tournament (1974);
NWF (Cleveland/Buffalo) World Heavyweight title defeating Antonio Inoki (March 13, 1975);
NWA (Vancouver) Canadian Tag Team titles w/Dennis Stamp defeating Mr. Saito & Dale Lewis (September 8, 1975);
Asia Heavyweight title defeating Seiji Sakaguchi [Tournament] (July 29, 1976);
NWA (Los Angeles/Japan) North American Tag Team titles w/Umanosuke Ueda defeating Strong Kobayshi & Seiji Sakaguchi (February 2, 1977);
All Asia Tag Team titles w/Umanosuke Ueda defeating Seiji Sakaguchi & Strong Kobayshi (July 15, 1977);
NWF (Cleveland/Buffalo) North American Heavyweight title defeating Seiji Sakaguchi (September 21, 1979);
UWA (Mexico) World Heavyweight title defeating El Canek (January 17, 1980);
UWA (Mexico) World Heavyweight title defeating Antonio Inoki (October 24, 1980);
NWA (All Japan) International Tag Team titles w/Umanosuke Ueda defeating Jumbo Tsuruta & Giant Baba (July 26, 1983);
WWA (Japan) World Martial Arts Heavyweight title Awarded by The Sheik (August 1992);
Singh wrestled as a babyface in Toronto but mostly a crazed heel in all other territories..
February 1971: Singh wrestled The Sheik in the main event of the fist wrestling show in Maple Leaf Gardens history..
~~~The historic event attracted a sell-out crowd of over 18,000..
1970s: Singh wrestled for Antonio Inoki's New Japan Pro Wrestling promotion..
~~~Singh scored a rare pinfall on Japanese legend Antonio Inoki..
1981: Singh jumped to Giant Baba's All Japan Pro Wrestling promotion..
Singh's son Mick (Gurdip) has wrestled as Tiger Ali Singh in the WWF and as Tiger Jeet Singh Jr. in Japan..
May 8, 2004 – Z1 Hustle-3: Tiger Jeet Singh defeated Zebraman (Kazuhiko Ogasawara under the mask).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Morning After: Sonos legacy plan makes smart homes look silly – Engadget
Calling all Photoshop experts.Is this the back of the Xbox Series X?
Now we've seen the next Xbox from the front, everyone is wondering what's hiding on the other side. Pictures posted to gaming forum NeoGAF appear to show an Xbox Series X development kit in the wild, complete with a back plate lacking the Xbox One's HDMI-passthrough setup. We'll see if this alleged prototype holds up when the real hardware ships later this year, but for now all we have are rumors and speculation.
It will reportedly launch in March.Bloomberg: Apple will start making a smaller, cheaper iPhone in February
Apple might launch a new low-cost iPhone very, very soon. According to Bloomberg, the tech giant's suppliers will start assembling a more affordable iPhone model, the first since the iPhone SE, as soon as February. Apple will reportedly unveil the cheaper-than-an-iPhone 11 device in March. Sources expect it to look like the iPhone 8, with a 4.7-inch screen and a current generation A13 chip, like 2019's iPhones. Expect a return of the home button, and no Face ID.
Netflix and HBO Max will give more people access to deep-cut Ghibli classics.Studio Ghibli has embraced streaming, and the world is better for it
After years of resistance, Studio Ghibli is bringing its works to streaming services. In the US, it will launch in HBO's Max service, while Netflix will stream the Japanese animations everywhere else, except Japan. Nick Summers explains why this is good news for all.
One app creates a printable envelope to put your phone in.Google's experimental apps shame you into taming phone addiction
Activity Bubbles, Screen Stopwatch and Envelope are all part of the latest push from Google to get you to put your phone down (after you finish reading this, of course). The first two add on-screen reminders of how much time you've spent staring at a screen, while Envelope creates some physical separation. Do the apps go too far? Do they not go far enough? I can't stay off my phone for long enough to check.
Up to five times as much as the usual price set by Uber.Uber experiment lets California drivers set their own fares
Uber is testing another new feature in what is presumably a bid to help mitigate the restrictions of Assembly Bill 5, which requires the company to treat its drivers as employees, not independent contractors. Some drivers in California will now have the ability to set their own fares.
Starting Tuesday morning, drivers operating around airports in Santa Barbara, Palm Springs and Sacramento can take part in a bidding system that allows them to increase fares in 10 percent increments, up to a maximum of five times the usual Uber price. When a ride is requested, Uber will match the rider with the driver with the lowest price. As reported by The Wall Street Journal, a person familiar with the new feature says that Uber is trialling it in smaller cities in a bid to limit potential damage to its business. What if other rideshare options are cheaper?
Two years ago…Apple reportedly dropped iCloud encryption plans amid FBI pressure
Apple may encrypt your iOS device's locally stored data, but it doesn't fully encrypt iCloud backups. According to Reuters sources, Apple dropped end-to-end encryption plans for iCloud, fearing another FBI confrontation. (This was following the debate over unlocking Syed Farook's iPhone after the San Bernardino shooting.) One former Apple worker said the company might have ditched the plan over concerns customers could be locked out of their data more often.
That doesn't mean your iCloud backup is open to all — anything in your Keychain, including passwords, as well as health data and payment information are all end-to-end encrypted.
The Morning After is a new daily newsletter from Engadget designed to help you fight off FOMO. Who knows what you'll miss if you don't Subscribe.
Craving even more? Like us on Facebook or Follow us on Twitter.
Have a suggestion on how we can improve The Morning After? Send us a note.
Monty Python star Terry Jones dies aged 77 – Sydney Morning Herald
Malcolm Turnbull slams PMs response to climate change and bushfires – The Age


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Exhibition Preview: Cicely Lascelles Rose
by Michelle Endersby | Mar 3, 2018 | Blog | 0 comments
Cicely Lascelles is an Australian Bred climbing hybrid tea rose released by Alister Clark in 1937. I couldn't believe my luck when I came across a specimen of this rose in flower at the Colac Botanic Gardens with a plaque on it saying that it was named after the first person to drive the length of the Great Ocean Road. I knew that this rose would have to be the feature painting for my upcoming exhibition 'Viewpoints: Two Artistic Journeys along the Great Ocean Road' with fellow artist Val Parker.
Let me tell you a little more about Cicely, who I feel really embodies the pioneering spirit of the Great Ocean Road.
Cicely was born in Hopetoun on 16 September 1895. Her father Dennis D Lascelles played an instrumental role in opening up the Mallee and North West Victoria for agriculture. Cicely grew up in Geelong with four sisters and a brother who was killed in France during World War One. She was educated at home until she was 15 then she boarded at Toorak College. Summers were spent at 'Waverley', the family's holiday house at Lorne.
Cicely's main interest was golf and she won her first major tournament in Geelong in 1915 when she was 20 years old whereupon her father signed her up as an Associate Member of the Royal Melbourne Golf Club where she was recognised as making an outstanding contribution to golf both locally and overseas.
The Clark and Lascelles families shared many interests including golf and grazing sheep. Afternoon tea at 'Glenara', Alister Clark's property near Bulla, was a regular outing for the Lascelles family, and Alister regularly teed off with Cicely and her father.
Gardening was also a keen interest for Cicely and when she was living at 'Waverley' the holiday house of her youth she established a rose garden featuring a number of Alister Clark roses including the one he had named after her.
Cicely was an early motoring enthusiast and so in 1922 when the Great Ocean Road was barely more than a track she drove the entire length of the road accompanied by the then Mayor of Geelong.
Cicely was involved in the home effort during both world wars, was a Commissioner for the Girl Guides Movement and also worked for the YMCA. She passed away in 1989 at the age of 94.
This is what Alister Clark said about the Cicely Lascelles rose:
"I hope to see this pillar rose or climber decorating many Australian fences and posts as it is truly decorative and free and most distinct.
Nothing could be more decorative than this Rose, which forms a pillar well clad with foliage and carrying masses of semi-double pink flowers, flushed salmon. It is a constant blooming variety which has been thoroughly tried out at Glenara.
Much out of the common, a truly decorative Rose."
This painting is on a 51cm square natural linen canvas. It is $240 and available for purchase now with delivery at completion of the show.


I have been the Church Secretary / Ministry Assistant for Whispering Pines Baptist Church since July 2001. I can truly say that I can't think of any other job that I've enjoyed more than coming here each day and being available to do whatever the Lord has in store for me. This position has blessed my life, especially when I am able to help the people of our neighborhood community with any need that arises in their lives.
I have been a member of Whispering Pines since October 1994 and before that I attended Loyalty Baptist Church where I was baptized at the age of seven. In July 1998 I reconfirmed my commitment to my Lord. My favorite passage of scripture is Psalm 103:9-12 'He will not always accuse, nor will he harbor his anger forever; he does not treat us as our sins deserve or repay us according to our iniquities. For as high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is his love for those who fear him; as far as the east is from the west, so far has he removed our transgressions from us.' When I am down and feeling my lowest, I remember this passage and it reminds me how much my Father loves me and that He does forgive me even when I have let Him down.


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Q: Minikube with nginx ingress path rewrite issue I'm using minikube with nginx ingress.
I'm trying to use url rewriting like this
Here is my ingress definition:
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: config-reader-ingress
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$2
spec:
  backend:
    serviceName: default-http-backend
    servicePort: 80
  rules:
  - host: microservices.info
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /reload(/|$)(.*)
        backend:
          serviceName: spring-cloud-reload
          servicePort: 8080
      - path: /upload(/|$)(.*)
        backend:
          serviceName: spring-cloud-upload
          servicePort: 8080

The following urls rewrites like this:

*

*/reload   to /

*/reload/xyx to /xyz
which is fine. But

*

*/reload/x/y rewrites to /x// instead of /x/y
also

*

*/reload/x/y/ rewrites to /x/y// instead of /x/y/

minikube version: v0.35.0

How can be fixed the multiple path elements case?
UPDATE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NGINX Ingress controller
  Release:    0.21.0
  Build:      git-b65b85cd9
  Repository: https://github.com/aledbf/ingress-nginx
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A: Prior nginx-ingress v0.22.0 there was a known issue with trailing slashes.
To detect which version of the ingress controller is running, exec into the pod and run nginx-ingress-controller version command.
kubectl exec -it $POD_NAME -- /nginx-ingress-controller --version

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NGINX Ingress controller
  Release:    0.24.1
  Build:      git-ce418168f
  Repository: https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Rewrite target annotation is very sensitive for trailing slashes. If it's not present, the request will not be rewritten.
Thus, you should always supply  url as /reload/x/y/
Another problem with duplicated trailing slashes (fixed in v 0.22.0 and higher).
In order to understand, what's is going on there, you can exec to ingress-controller pod, find /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and search for
set $location_path  "/reload(/|${literal_dollar})(.*)";

or
rewrite "(?i)/reload(/|$)(.*)" /$2 break;

blocks
To fix it, either update ingress-controller version to the latest or you can also use configuration-snippet annotation:
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/configuration-snippet: |
    rewrite (?i)/reload/x/y/ /x/y break;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Today purchasing online provides becoming most frequent in just about everywhere. There are usually many finest online purchasing sites inside Dubai that gives trendy, branded and also casual goods at good deal. OurShopee is good for best on the web shopping Dubai to get Toys & Gambling, Diapers, Serving & Baby room, and a lot more other kid's goods with finest offers. The products are offered by OurShopee regarding lowest value. On different kids products have the best lower price sales about every brand names products including toys to medical care.
All you have to do is invest some time and then flick through the group or products that you would like to produce a purchase online and acquire the merchandise delivered right your doorsteps. Online shopping is probably the most convenient solution to buy child products on the web Dubai.
Every child can be a different sort of flower, so we must treat them being a flower. Newborn baby natual skin care is the biggest thing. As the particular baby's disease fighting capability develops, you should employ the mildest cleansers as well as the smallest little lotion. Currently the finest branded child shampoo and also baby acrylic.
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Q: Target Dependency between two projects in the same workspace I'm using Xcode 4.3 to create a framework for OS X. I created a workspace and a project (with a framework target) to go in this workspace.
Now, I want to include & link with a third-party framework which I've also added to the same workspace (but not within my project). I clicked the + button in the "Link Binary With Libraries" build phase, and the third-party framework simply appeared in the list of available libraries.
The linked framework shows up red in the Project navigator, as the third-party library has not been built yet (confusingly, though, my project successfully builds — although I'm not yet trying to use the third-party framework):

I was going to solve this by adding it as a Target Dependency, but when I click + on the "Target Dependencies" build phase, the third-party target doesn't show up in the list.
How should I properly configure/resolve this dependency? Also, do I need to create a Copy Files build phase to ensure the framework is copied into my target's Frameworks directory? How would I set that up properly?

A: I ran into something similar but with static libs.

*

*Do what you did to build the framework, build your app (even if it fails, the framework should build)

*Remove the reference to the framework in your app target's link build phase

*Locate the built framework in the Finder (the one built by your app workspace).

*drag/drop it into the app project that uses it. Notice that this time it appears with black color (not red)

*click it, and make sure the Xcode inspector shows "relative to built products" (you may need to change it reference type), and that the path is just the myframework.framework.

*check that it has been added to the app link phase (it should)

*that's the one you can use in the copy/build phase.


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Fandango (NBCUniversal logo)
Fandango smashes records with its best year in company history
Thu, Jan 3rd 2013 05:00 pm
The nation's leading moviegoer destination reports record-breaking year-over-year growth in ticket sales, Web and mobile traffic, and mobile downloads
Dave Karger joins Fandango as chief correspondent as site launches its first original digital video series
Fandango, the nation's leading moviegoer destination and a unit of NBCUniversal, announced Wednesday that 2012 was the company's best-performing year in its 12-year history, with record highs in ticket sales, Web and mobile traffic, and app downloads. The records include a 57 percent surge in annual ticket sales, 34 percent annual growth in monthly visitors to its online and mobile destinations, and 31 million downloads of its award-winning mobile apps. During peak months, Fandango saw 41 million monthly unique online and mobile visitors.*
Another notable first for Fandango in 2012 was the launch of its original digital video series, "The Frontrunners." Hosted by the nation's leading movie award expert and Fandango's new chief correspondent, Dave Karger, the series features one-of-a-kind video interviews with awards contenders such as Ben Affleck, Hugh Jackman and Amy Adams. "The Frontrunners" premiered in December and debuts new episodes weekly through the end of movie awards season in February.
"Our 2012 successes have further established Fandango as the go-to resource for the total moviegoing experience - from discovery, decision-making and ticketing, to going to the theater and sharing with friends after the credits roll," said Paul Yanover, president of Fandango. "In 2013, we'll continue our momentum and deliver advertising partners, exhibitors and moviegoers even more products, services and platforms that super-serve their needs."
Helping fuel Fandango's growth in 2012 was the company's expanded exhibitor and online portal reach. The company increased its theater network with deals that included AMC Theatres, Regency Theatres, and Southern Theatres. Fandango also signed partnership deals with Yahoo Movies, AOL Moviefone and MSN Movies, becoming the movie-ticketing provider for all three of the Internet's top information portals.
Fandango's mobile business proved to be tremendously successful in 2012, as the company's mobile tickets sales increased 171 percent year-over-year, and accounted for more than 30 percent of its overall ticket sales. Fandango continued to roll out paperless mobile ticketing to thousands of new theater screens, allowing users to get their movie tickets sent to their phones as scannable mobile barcodes. As part of Apple's Passbook app launch, Fandango's mobile app downloads experienced a 50 percent increase over the last year. Fandango was consistently among the top-10 free entertainment apps on both the Apple iOS and Google Android platforms in 2012.
In 2013, Fandango plans to launch two more original series hosted by Karger, and is slated to bring more reserved seating and paperless mobile ticketing options to significant numbers of new screens across the country.
Fandango, the nation's leading moviegoer destination and a unit of NBCUniversal, sells tickets to more than 20,000 screens nationwide. Fandango entertains and informs consumers with reviews, commentary, celebrity interviews and trailers, and offers the ability to quickly select a film, plan where and when to see it, and conveniently buy tickets in advance. For many theaters, fans can print their tickets at home or receive them as a paperless mobile ticket on their smartphones.
Fandango is available online at www.fandango.com, via smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices, and at 1-800-FANDANGO. Fandango's top-ranking movie ticketing apps, with 31 million downloads, are available on the iPhone and iPad, Android, BlackBerry, Windows Phone 7 and many other platforms. Fandango is enjoyed by more than 41 million online and mobile visitors per month. Film fans find Fandango on Facebook at www.facebook.com/fandango and on Twitter @Fandango.
*According to Fandango's Web and mobile traffic data tracked by Omniture.


I am honored that this photo is featured in Carousels and Carnivals.
Thanks Dan, I am honored that you featured this in Premium FAA Artist group.
Jennifer Craft, thanks for featuring this photo in Color Wonderful Photography group. I am honored.
Jennifer Craft, it is nice to know that you made this photo one of your favorites.
Heinz, it is nice to know that this photo is now one of your favorites.
Hienz, I appreciate your words and V. Thanks!
Jeff, it is always nice to hear when someone likes one of your photos. Thanks for letting me know.
Kym, thanks so much! My friend's son had to have this for his graduation from medical school. I appreciate your vote. I am flattered that you added me to your watch list and you liked this enough to make this one of your favorites.
what a wonderful series of photos, Madeline..a moment in time that may be gone forever..but captured forever by you...well done!
Tyler, I appreciate your comment so much. The nostalgia doesn't seem to be lost on you even though you are not a New Yorker.
Carmen, thanks for your very "beautiful" comment. I don't know how long ago you wrote this. I am truly sorry for taking so long to respond. By the way, I loved Vienna.
A colorful shot, it is too bad that they may shut down the place. It is a good thing photos last forever.Thanks for your wonderful comment, I appreciate it.
What a stunning shot, great lighting and perfect framing,Madeline!
Madeline, I love this! Thankyou so much for your comment on my abstract! They are my most favorite to paint!! Thankyou too on behalf of my print sales, I am stunned!!!!
This photo is hanging at the Greenwich Gallery, 462 sixth Ave., NYC located in Greenwich Village. Please drop by if you are in the neighborhood.


Enhance your dwelling area. Maybe a playroom could be a good idea and even an exercise room. It will make your property lots nicer to reside in and improve its price too! This must be one of the first home enchancment initiatives you do. Patch holes in drywall using mesh. First spread a layer of drywall mud into the opening and round its edges. Then press the patch into the mud in order that it adheres evenly to the surface of the wall. Trowel the mud fastidiously over the patch, allow to dry, and then sand to clean.
So as to add attraction to your home and increase its worth, take into account changing your current shingles with architectural shingles. Also called dimensional shingles, these shingles can simulate the textures of pure substances like slate or wood, and so they resist wind better than common shingles, making them a great alternative if your property is situated in a region that sees excessive winds. You'll be able to simply change the look and feel of your furniture just by buying distinctive new knobs, handles, and drawer pulls. These accents could be purchased individually or as a part of a set for added savings, and the choice of colors, materials, and shapes is nearly infinite. That is additionally a wonderful choice to replace vintage or classic furnishings that is missing its authentic hardware.
For safety, install peepholes in any exterior doorways. Then, you can know who is on the opposite facet of the door before you open it. Peepholes are easy to install and will not price you that a lot cash. The only instrument you'll need is a drill, and the venture takes very little time to finish. While you hear a visitor on the door, you will be a little less fearful of who is on the other facet.
Estimate for extra time than you think the undertaking will take.
Clear up the skin of your house. Typically all it takes to make your house look and feel better is a little TLC on the surface. Trim the shrubs and pull the weeds out of the flower bed. Add some decorative panorama lighting and guantee that all the outside lighting fixtures are in correct working order. Write down precisely what you might be hoping to accomplish with your private home improvement project. Planning a project will help preserve errors to a minimum and can save time. Determine what you wish to do by visiting neighbors' properties and trying out media that deals with house improvement.
Learn how to check a circuit breaker using a voltage tester. It is possible for you to to avoid wasting on fees charged by electricians if you are able to do it yourself. Use a voltage tester to test the circuit breaker to see if it is working appropriately. The tester will inform you if the breaker is getting power to it. If the breaker will not be working appropriately, you will need to interchange it.
Does a tree in entrance of your house look unkempt? Why not give your own home a nice breath of contemporary air by getting this tree formed properly. When you do that, your front yard will change forever. There is no comparability between a trimmed tree and an unkempt one. In case you are wanting so as to add some value to your home, you'll be able to create a brand new looking kitchen by resurfacing your cabinets. By merely sanding down the old cupboards in your home and marking them with a recent new finish, you possibly can increase the worth of your home pretty dramatically.
That is necessary as a result of prices might vary vastly, as might the standard of work. Get a superb feeling for your contractor by sitting down with her or him and discussing your entire plan.


text:
Retopia: Creating New Spaces of Possibility
Dirk Hoyer
Available for pre-order on May 1, 2023. Item will ship after May 22, 2023
May 22, 2023 Forthcoming by Routledge
Retopia tells the story of social innovation in times of crisis, and through its cross-disciplinary narrative it goes beyond existing forms of future anticipation and maps out a practice-based approach to the creation of new realities. It explores how new imaginaries, social experiments, and laboratories of societies can create spaces of possibilities, revalidate the peripheries, and create new forms of social coherence.
The peripheral regions in Europe are facing a crisis triangle: depopulation, the rise of the 'useless' class, and outdated social welfare systems. It is a crisis of political imaginaries and a lack of inspiring political stories. In response to this, the book specifically focuses on the concept of 'retopia', the idea of creating inclusive spaces of social innovation that encourage active participation. Through the creation of relocalized societies with a high degree of autonomy in 'left-over' spaces such as Sicily, Western Latvia or Northern Bulgaria, retopian redevelopment schemes offer new perspectives on 'ruined spaces'. Retopia uncovers the common links and limitations of utopian studies, future studies, degrowth, narratology, the commons, and political geography.
Retopia: Creating New Spaces of Possibility is an articulation of the potentialities of social innovation, political imaginaries, and future images, provoking a stimulating discussion among scholars and students in the fields of Politics and Future and Anticipation Studies.
1. Political Agency in the Age of Downsized Expectations
2. Retelling the Story
3. The New Commons
4. The Nowherelands: From Outopia to Eutopia
5. Retopia as an Innovation System
6. The Practice of Possibility
Epilogue: Stories from an Open Future
Dirk Hoyer is Associate Professor at Tallinn University in Estonia. He has published numerous articles and a book on political imaginaries and retopia. Hoyer is also a writer, filmmaker, and script consultant.
Routledge Research in Anticipation and Futures
Environment & the City
Environment & Resources
Environment & Society
Kinship & Community
Management of Technology & Innovation
Economics, Finance, Business & Industry


text:
More State Girls BB Players of the Year
By Harold Abend | Published: April 5, 2013 Follow @HaroldAbend
Point guard Jordin Canada of L.A. Windward has been selected as the State Junior Player of the Year and finished in a very close second for Ms. Basketball overall as well as for players from Division IV level teams.
Toughest choice other than overall was in Division I where a sophomore edged a senior. Other honorees from Bakersfield, Oakland and Chatsworth. Go inside here as well for best among juniors and freshmen.
For game reports in all sports, please go to our twitter page @CalHiSports and for other updates please visit our Facebook page. To subscribe to our weekly e-newsletter, click here. To check out our new YouTube channel, click here.
Congratulations to these girls players for being selected as a Cal-Hi Sports State Player of the Year. Stay tuned for the release on Monday of the 2013 Mr. Basketball Player of the Year and for all other boys players of the year.
Seniors – Kelsey Plum (La Jolla Country Day)
Also named as the Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year. The other seniors who were finalists were Erica McCall from Ridgeview of Bakersfield and Oderah Chidom from Bishop O'Dowd of Oakland. All three were in this week's McDonald's All-American Game.
Juniors – Jordin Canada (Windward, Los Angeles)
The extremely talented junior point guard that recently committed to UCLA was an unbelievably close second to Kelsey Plum for both Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year and Division IV Player of the Year.
For the State Junior of the Year honor, however, she was clearly the choice with fellow Ms. Basketball finalist Mariya Moore of Richmond Salesian, Gabby Green of Berkeley St. Mary's, Natalie Romeo of Concord Carondelet and University of San Francisco-committed Stockton Brookside Christian star Tiara Tucker well behind her.
Canada's performance in the Wildcats' 81-71 victory over Mater Dei of Santa Ana in the CIF Southern Regional Open Division championship was beyond amazing. The 14 assists she had combined with 17 points meant Canada had a hand in 45 points. On the season, she had 546 points (17 ppg), 234 assists (7.3 per game) and 157 rebounds for a 4.9 per game average despite being only 5-foot-7 and not built big.
Sophomores – Katie Lou Samuelson (Mater Dei, Santa Ana)
After being chosen as State Freshman of the Year for last season when she was still at Edison of Huntington Beach, Katie Lou follows it up to lead the sophomores. We can add that the runner-up to her was Bri Moore from St. Mary's of Stockton. For more on Katie, see Division I writeup from below.
Freshmen – DiJonai Carrington (Horizon, San Diego)
With several talented freshmen making big impacts for their teams this season, it was this 5-foot-11 guard from San Diego who earns this honor as she led the Panthers, a team coached by mother Victoria, to the CIF San Diego Section Division V championship before their season ended in the SoCal Divsion V regional finals with a one-point loss to eventual state champion Sierra Canyon of Chatsworth.
For the season, Carrington averaged 20.3 points, 11.5 rebounds, seven assists, 5.2 steals and 1.7 blocks per game. Scoring at least 30 points in a game five times, her season-high came during a 73-48 win over Marlborough of Los Angeles as she scored 35 points. Like Katie Lou Samuelson, she also has been named by some as the top prospect in the nation for her class.
CIF Division I – Katie Lou Samuelson (Mater Dei, Santa Ana)
After being named our Freshman of the Year last season and as the only sophomore named a finalist for our Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year, her selection for this additional award should come as little surprise after averaging 20.3 points, 6.9 rebounds, 2.6 assists, 2.3 steals and 1.2 blocks per game for the Monarchs.
Her sister Bonnie plays at Stanford and her sister Karlie will be headed there this season and she could be the third to head to Stanford in a few years. She is considered by some to be the top 2015 recruit in the nation.
Katie Lou led Mater Dei to a 30-2 record and while the team didn't win either the CIF Southern Section Division I-AA or CIF Open Division titles it did win top honors in the top division at the Nike Tournament of Champions in Arizona. Also strongly considered was Corona Santiago's Chrishae Rowe, who did lead her team to that CIFSS Division I-AA crown. In the CIF Open Division playoffs, however, Mater Dei and Samuelson topped Santiago 78-69.
CIF Division II – Erica McCall (Ridgeview, Bakersfield)
Named already as the Gatorade State Player of the Year (which includes an academic component), Erica was a finalist for our Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year after a career that saw her break the state career shot-blocking record.
Headed to Stanford next season, she blocked 278 shots this season to finish with 950 in her career. She was also earn a spot in the state record book for career rebounds with 1,883 and career points with 2,526. McCall led the Wolfpack to the CIF Central Section Division II championship before having her career end in the D2 SoCal regional finals.
CIF Division III – Oderah Chidom (Bishop O'Dowd, Oakland)
She may be our Division III Player of the Year but Chidom has serious Division I talent as the 6-foot-4 standout will be headed to Duke next season.
Also a finalist for our Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year, she was the top player for an O'Dowd squad that won the first CIF Open Division state crown with averages of 14 points and 12 rebounds per game. She is the second straight D3 player of the year from O'Dowd. Her senior teammate, Kendall "KC" Waters, was the honoree for this division for last season.
Chidom played last summer for the Under-17 U.S. women's national team that won a gold medal at the FIBA World Championships.
CIF Division IV – Kelsey Plum (La Jolla Country Day)
The Ms. Basketball State Player of the Year, Senior Player of Year, and now the Division IV Player of the Year to add to her McDonald's All-American mark of distinction, takes it all in stride. "It's great getting all these honors but it really doesn't change a thing," Plum told Cal-Hi Sports when informed of her awards. "I'm going into games with my same competitive edge."
Despite an 18-12 record this year, the Torreys still piled up a 103-22 record during Plum's four-year varsity career.
CIF Division V – Kennedy Burke (Sierra Canyon, Chatsworth)
The 6-foot-1 sophomore who also was one of a small number of girls right behind State Sophomore of the Year Katie Lou Samuelson in consideration for that honor is clearly the top player for the state's smallest enrollment division.
When she went for 20 points and 13 rebounds in a 40-38 loss to Berkeley St. Mary's at the Nike Extravaganza at Santa Ana Mater Dei, she put herself on the statewide radar screen of girls basketball analysts and college coaches in attendance.
In the matchup with State Freshman of the Year DiJonai Carrington in the CIF Southern Regional Division V title game, Burke had game-highs of 28 points and 24 rebounds in a 63-62 win.
At Sleep Train Arena in Sacramento against Pinewood of Los Altos Hills in a 47-33 victory, Burke didn't shoot that well but still totally controlled the paint and finished with game highs of 14 points, 16 rebounds, five blocked shots, four assists and two steals.
Mark Tennis and Paul Muyskens contributed to this report
<< Coaches Speak: State's best raved about both Plum and Canada
Ms. Basketball 2013: Kelsey Plum >>


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Eugène Edmond Thiery (né le  à Rethel et mort le  à Paris) est un artiste-peintre français.

Biographie
Fils d'un avoué, Thiery fait ses études au collège Notre-Dame de Rethel avant de devenir l'élève du peintre paysagiste Eugène Damas. Ayant abandonné un temps la peinture pour des études de droit, Thiery intègre les cours de Jean-Léon Gérôme. Il réalise vers 1910 les peintures des chapelles Saint-Joseph et de la Vierge Marie ainsi que quatre stations du chemin de croix pour l'église Saint-Jean de Montmartre.

Immense tragédie le : les parents d'Eugène Thiery périssent dans le grand incendie de Rethel.

On doit à Eugène Thiery en 1927 les fresques du chœur et des deux nefs de l'église de Nanteuil-sur-Aisne (les mutilations de la Seconde Guerre mondiale n'en ont préservé que, dans le fond du chœur, la Descente de croix du Christ entouré de deux anges), plus tard celle du beffroi de Dreux côté place Métezeau.

Il expose au Salon des artistes français (mention honorable en 1904, médaille de troisième classe en 1908, médaille d'or en 1923), au Salon d'Hiver de 1912 à 1947 et au Salon des indépendants de 1928 à 1930, à la Société des amis des arts de Bordeaux en 1939. Il obtient le Prix Albert Maignan en 1920. On connaît de lui les fresques de la mairie de Rethel.

En , la ville de Rethel organise une exposition en hommage à son œuvre pour célébrer le  de sa mort.
 Fonds national d'art contemporain, dont Jeune mère, huile sur toile 145x180cm déposée à la mairie de Brive-la-Gaillarde.

Bibliographie
 Robert Marcy, Hommage à Eugène Thiery: grand peintre rethelois, in Bulletin archéologique, historique et folklorique, Société des amis de Rethelois et du Porcien, ,  1975.
 Emmanuel Bénézit, Dictionnaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs, Gründ, 1999.
 Alain Chapellier, Eugène Thiery, in Des hommes aux racines d'Ardennes - Biographies et généalogies, Tome 7, Éditions généalogiques de la voûte, 2006.

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Site « Eugène Thiery, grand peintre rethélois »

Peintre français du XIXe siècle
Peintre français du XXe siècle
Naissance en août 1875
Naissance à Rethel
Décès en novembre 1961
Décès dans le 6e arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 86 ans

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text:
Benita Koch-Otte (Stuttgart 23 de mayo de 1892- Bielefeld 26 de abril de 1976) era una tejedora alemana, diseñadora y artista textil que estudió en la Bauhaus. Fue profesora de la Universidad de Arte y Diseño de Burg Giebichenstein.

Vida y trabajo
Benita Otte nació el 23 de mayo de 1892 en Stuttgart, Alemania. Su padre era un farmacéutico.

Al terminar sus estudios en el Instituto de Krefeld, Otte enseñó dibujo y educación física en Uerdingen. En 1920, se matriculó a la Bauhaus en Weimar donde estudió en el taller textil. Más tarde fue empleada del taller, trabajando estrechamente con Gunta Stölzl. Otte dejó la Bauhaus en 1925.

A pesar de que trabajó principalmente como tejedora, en varias ocasiones Otte produjo obra fuera de dicho medio. Entre este trabajo destaca su diseño de 1923 para la cocina de Haus am Horn en Weimar, el cual inspiró a Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky para su cocina Frankfurt en 1926.

Después de dejar la Bauhaus, Otte ejerció como jefa del taller de costura de la Kunstgewerbeschule Burg Giebichenstein, una universidad de artes en Halle, ahora llamada Burg Giebichenstein Kunsthochschule Halle (Universidad de Arte y Diseño de Burg Giebichenstein).  En 1929  se casó con el fotógrafo checo Heinrich Koch quien estudió con Otte en la Bauhaus.

Diversos profesores y alumnos de la Bauhaus trabajaron en la escuela, incluyendo: Gerhard Marcks, el Rector de 1928-1933; Hans Wittwer, quién dirigió el departamento de arquitectura; Marguerite Friedländer y Erich Consemüller. Tras el ascenso Nazi al poder en 1933, Koch-Otte y otras personas del personal consideradas vanguardistas fueron despedidas de la escuela.

Después de esto, Koch-Otte y su marido se mudaron a Praga. Heinrich Koch murió en un fatal accidente en 1934 y ella regresó a Alemania, donde enseñó en la Fundación Bodelschwingh Bethel (Bodelschwinghsche Stiftungen Bethel), un hospital psiquiátrico en el distrito Bethel de Bielefeld. En el hospital, Koch-Otte daba talleres de costura para pacientes. Trabajó en la fundación hasta su jubilación en 1957.

Koch-Otte Murió el 26 de abril de 1976 en Bielefeld.

La calle Benita Koch-Otte (Benita-Otte-Straße) en Erfurt fue nombrada en su memoria.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Bauhaus100. Benita Koch-Otte

Alumnos de la Bauhaus
Artistas textiles
Nacidos en Stuttgart


Today, the SC Education Oversight Committee (EOC) launched a website, http://scstandards.org, for South Carolina citizens to offer comments on the current academic content standards in English Language Arts and Mathematics.
Pursuant to Act 200 of 2014, passed by the SC General Assembly, the Education Oversight Committee (EOC) is to consult with the State Board of Education and conduct a cyclical review of the current standards. According to state law, the review must begin on or before January 1, 2015, and the new college and career readiness state content standards must be implemented for the 2015-2016 school year.
Results of the survey, which will be operational until September 30, will be provided to the Governor, the General Assembly, the State Board of Education, the EOC, and the public.


It was October 2017, and Connor Covington, a young teenager living in California, had been sick for almost two years. After various tests and blood work, Connor was sent to a gastroenterologist (GI). The GI sent Connor for more extensive testing, and after years of symptoms, he had an official diagnosis: Crohn's disease.
HealthCentral spoke with Connor, now age 14, and his mom, Barbie Covington, about what it's like to be diagnosed with a chronic illness at such a young age.
HealthCentral (HC): How does Crohn's affect the things that you like to do most?
Connor: I was doing boxing, and I like to play video games too. The Crohn's made it so I can't really do the boxing right now.
Barbie: He's still getting his strength back from his bad flare-up that landed him in the hospital back in December 2017. He ended up having bowel resection surgery and was in the hospital for 19 days.
HC: How did you keep up with your school work while you were in the middle of your flare-up or in the hospital?
Connor: I was on home hospital, [which is where a teacher comes to the house and goes through the lessons with you,] but I did fall behind in math and science.
Barbie: Connor was sick for quite a while, so we put him on home hospital … When he got worse and was subsequently hospitalized, he was unable to do anything until the following January. It significantly impacted his academics.
We also have a 504 plan, and having that in action when he does fall behind at school has helped him to have time to make up that work. If he's not feeling good, he is able to go to the nurse's office and use their restroom — because who wants to sit in a stall with kids coming in and out while you're doing your business? So, a 504 plan in action is super important.
HC: Your friends must have known you were sick because you were absent from school for so long. How did you talk about your Crohn's?
Connor: I told the people that I was close with about my Crohn's, but the people that I am not close with, I didn't want to tell them much because many people don't know what they are talking about and can misinterpret what is said.
HC: Do you have any tips for other kids dealing with Crohn's?
Connor: Eating healthy can help a lot of people. My mom will keep notes if [my symptoms are] really bad, including my diet and how I felt. I have found sugar and dairy seem to make it worse.
I would also tell other kids to push through [when they can,] and don't let it take over your life.
Barbie: In fact, just this morning he wasn't feeling good. But, on the not-so-good days like today, he persevered and pushed through. Connor is going to have a lot of those days. I don't want his disease to just stop him.
Sugar really seems to be the main culprit for Connor. If he has a lot of sugar, we can really tell. He also has to be mindful of getting enough fiber in his diet so he doesn't always alternate between loose stools and constipation. Making sure to have that balance is key, but we are still figuring out everything.
HC: What has been one of the more frustrating things you have dealt with regarding your illness?
Connor: When I was first having the symptoms, we thought it was other things, and people didn't believe how severe it actually was and how bad the pain was. It would have been helpful to advocate more for myself and for people to offer more help in an advice type of way.
Barbie: Unfortunately, for a few years, we wrote it off as anxiety — which can have a lot of the same symptoms as Crohn's, like the upset stomach. So we thought it was nervous reactions. He also was a picky eater, so we thought maybe his diet was the issue. But, he kept telling us over that couple of years that "no, this is bigger, this is something else," but we didn't really believe him. Until he got really sick, dropping weight and not keeping food down, we didn't realize how bad it was.
I am definitely dealing with some parental guilt there because we never thought anything bigger was going on. So, from a parent's standpoint: Listen to your child and trust their instincts. Even if you have a shadow of a doubt, at the least seek the medical help for your peace of mind. I think we could have nipped some things in the bud if we had listened to what he was feeling when the symptoms first started.
What Is Exclusive Enteral Nutrition for Crohn's Disease?


In the online GRO births index at FreeBMD.org.uk, must be ..... "Jun 1903, Charles Thomas ALLEN, Stepney, 1c 400".
 Source: Scanned copy of baptism register at www.ancestry.co.uk. Charles Thomas was the son of Charles (a carman) & Florence ALLEN of 695 Pauls Road.
 Source: Online GRO births index at FreeBMD.org.uk ..... "Sep 1903, Charles Thomas ALLEN, Mile End, 1c 288".
The 1911 census records that one of Florence ALLEN's four children had died. That child must have been Charles Thomas.
 Notes: Named as a beneficiary (after his mother's death) in his great-uncle Edward PRASCEY's will, proved in 1780.
 Source: Online GRO deaths index at Ancestry.co.uk,.... "Jun 1943, Emma S SAULTER, 75, Romford, 4a 122". Rather surprisingly, Emma's surname is 'misspelt' in the same way as her husband's in the GRO marriages index over 50 years earlier.
 Source: Marriage register (image online at www.ancestry.co.uk). The groom's father was John Frederick SAUTTER, deceased. In the GRO marriages index, Henry's surname is wrongly recorded as SAULTER.


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Chang Kejian one face anxiety. Go out in him between Wu time limit for a project, his wife is reduced 3 accompany female. After be informed this circumstance, he nots hesitate break one's promise, resign the other place works, return a wife beside, the hope rescues a wife through his effort. However, wife however obstinately stick to a wrong course.
Spring 2003, cummer is small red tell me she is pregnant, how to ask I do? Ordinarily I should lose a responsibility to come. But, real pressure lets me cannot make any commitment. Have no alternative under, I am obliged to appeal to parents, hope they can borrow money to give small red become an operation. Cannot think of, parents not only very happy instead without life, they before small red face says: " becomes what operation, marry to be not become? " is small red nod rapidly. such, 3 their people decided marriage come down.
When marrying, we are almost penniless. The house rents, deposit does not have half minutes, small red do not have complaint however. I believe, at that time, small red love me. After the child is born, our life is have too many problems to deal with more, to make a bit money more, I decide to go to Guangzhou working.
This goes, it is 4 years. Because of working characteristic, I come back one year 3 times two at most. During this, small red often call to me, write a letter, enjoin me to be not puzzled by the place of the dazzling human world with its myriad temptations outside. I know very well, she it is not easy that a person is in Wuhan, so, besides living cost, I return all money Wuhan, hope she and child can have passed.
My progress in Guangzhou is not great, flounder changed ten cafeteria, salary does not see improvement all the time. Gradually, small red had complaint, often say before me, zhang San's husband got rich, old liter duty of Li Si, " I how so hapless, followed your so trashy man. " the time that she wants money to me is increasing also. Want me to refuse only, she with respect to have a fit, scold my good-for-nothing, not be a man, raise even wife child not vivid.
A day, the mother calls to me, ask I know not to know small red what doing recently, she already half an year did not come home visit a daughter. After the daughter is one year old, small red send my parents the home her. Maternal long-winded: " living cost also does not give, do not know you prepare how to be done! " my heart sank cereal bottom. This paragraph of time, small red what doing after all? Where did money go?
Disregard the boss' opposition, I asked for leave. Former marriage room, kin calls in already. These a few years, small red lease a building everywhere, every time I come back, she can give me new address. However that, her anyway does not agree, press his suit in me below, she agreed eventually.