text:
Local Farming Can't Save the Planet
Hidde Boersma and Maarten Boudry
03 Jul 2020 9 min read
"The world is flat," proclaimed economist Thomas Friedman in his 2005 book of the same title. And since then, the world has flattened further still. Not only has a contagious fragment of RNA ravaged every corner of the world, but so have the economic shockwaves. In a flat world, everything is connected to everything. And if someone somewhere happens to capture and sell the wrong bat, we're all in trouble.
This is one reason we're witnessing a fresh backlash against globalization, in particular when it comes to the way we produce and transport food. "Spoiled Milk, Rotten Vegetables and a Very Broken Food System: The coronavirus crisis demonstrates what is wrong with how the world feeds itself," proclaimed a New York Times headline last month. Across much of the world, these concerns tap into pre-pandemic anxieties about our mass-industrial approach to food creation, and longings for smaller, family-run, more sustainable, and humane production closer to our communities. Instead of hauling foodstuffs around the globe, we're told, we need to appreciate local and seasonal crops again.
True, globalization has made our food ridiculously cheap compared to previous eras. But perhaps that's part of the problem. As Olivier De Schutter, former UN Special Rapporteur on the right to food, recently put it in an interview, we need to replace the current "low-cost" approach with one that holistically addresses national health, environmental, and social needs—including the need to avoid carbon emissions associated with international food shipping. Or as British author Carolyn Steel argued in her new book Sitopia: How Food Can Save the World, cheap food is in fact no bargain, because it is bad for us. And so if we pay a little more for what we put in our mouths, we'll actually be getting better value.
The data, however, says otherwise. To be clear, we have nothing against local and seasonal food, including organic and artisanal varieties that come with a heftier price tag. Indeed, from time to time, you can spot each of us at the local vegetable market filling up a paper bag with delicious produce straight from the local farm—or sipping a bottle of wine made from local grapes, perhaps even trampled barefoot in the old Roman fashion. And we both support the idea of urban farming projects, in which city-dwellers grow vegetables in communal lots. All of this enriches our lives by fostering a feeling of connection with nature and with the food coming out of the ground.
But there is an inconvenient truth that proponents of local and self-sufficient farming tend to ignore: We can't feed 10 billion people this way without destroying the planet.
Organic farming, in particular, represents a form of luxury consumption for well-off westerners who can afford it. If you start crunching the numbers, you'll find that it is significantly less efficient than conventional farming (by about 20–30 percent), as is local and small-scale farming in general. This inefficiency is not just a question of price and profits; it also means more environmental degradation, more carbon emissions, and more waste, per unit of food produced.
Consider the desire for locally grown food. The authors of a recent study in Nature calculated how many people worldwide would be able to get their staple crops (wheat, rice, corn, sorghum) if they were required to source them from within a radius of 100 km. They estimated the figure at between 11 and 28 percent, not even a third of the global population. For the rest of the world, crops need to travel a longer distance. For half of us, this is typically more than 1,000 km. And the reason is simple: Not every region has the right soil and climate for growing food, and some regions are far more suitable than others. "Buying local" is fine if you happen to live in a fertile, temperate river delta, but not so much if you live in a drier or colder region. And even if you could grow all your food locally, it might still be more efficient to import it from another continent. That's what economists call "comparative advantage."
But surely, shipping food across the planet is wasteful, and causes carbon dioxide emissions and other forms of pollution, right? In net terms, in fact, the opposite is true. If you track all the carbon emissions related to the production, packaging, and distribution of food, the contribution of transport is surprisingly small: a mere 10 percent (and for beef as low as 0.5 percent). The other 90 percent comes from the tractors, fertilizers, tilling, irrigation, deforestation, and other resources and activities that go into production. By buying local, you're cutting down on the 10 percent tranche, but more than offsetting it through the other 90 percent.
Why? Because farming locally often means farming on less suitable soils, leading to higher use of fertilizer, water, land, and pesticides. In an ideal global food system, everyone grows the food that is best suited to their own climate and soil, and then trades it with the rest of the world.
Believe it or not, agricultural intensification is actually a boon for nature and biodiversity, too. The main cause of declining biodiversity, as it turns out, is destruction and fragmentation of species habitats. By growing our food more efficiently—i.e., more food from less land—we can give back more land to nature.
The last two decades have seen a lot of research on the so-called land sharing/land sparing dilemma: Is it better to invest in "wildlife-friendly" farming at the expense of yield, or should we focus on producing more on less land, thus freeing up (i.e. "sparing") space for nature? Research in Ghana, India, Poland, Colombia, and Kazakhstan, amongst many other places, has showed that the latter approach was the best strategy for preserving biodiversity. It turns out that wild animals and plants generally don't mix well with agriculture of any kind, no matter how wildlife-friendly you think your farm is. So the best approach is to use intensive production techniques that minimize your footprint and spare more land for nature.
A recent study on the preservation of birds in two regions of England (the Fens and Salisbury Plain) showed that, even in regard to Britain's already highly intensified agriculture, the balance tips in favor of land sparing as the best strategy for reconciling food production and biodiversity. True, the researchers did show that low-yield agriculture can help to preserve farmland birds. But for this to work, yields have to remain really low (probably less than 50 percent of what would otherwise be expected from conventional agriculture), as birds such as the godwit are quite picky. Such areas could serve primarily as a bird or nature reserve while producing some local niche products, but aren't suitable when it comes to the bulk of food production, which is best conducted through highly efficient farming.
The global potential for land sparing remains huge. Another recent study in Nature showed that, by intensifying production in the most fertile regions, we could give back 50 percent of total existing farmland to nature. An older Dutch study calculated that Europe could produce as much food as it does now on just a quarter of its current farmed area, by optimizing and concentrating on the most fertile places. (With yield gains having outpaced population growth in Europe for the last three decades, the total area needed is probably even lower.) Imagine being able to give three-quarters of agricultural land, or more, back to nature.
Needless to say, this would also be good news for the climate. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, land-use changes have been the second most important contributor to climate change since the industrial revolution. More CO2 has been added to the atmosphere through the transformation of forests to farms than through burning oil and gas. Only coal has had a bigger effect on our climate. Reversing the trend of our ever-expanding claim on the planet—humans now use 50 percent of all ice-free land, up from 3 percent in 1400—would be an immense achievement. In fact, a recent PNAS study showed that reforestation is the most effective natural way of combating climate change. And in 2016, researchers from Cambridge University showed that the UK could meet its targets under the 2015 Paris climate agreement without even having to change its energy portfolio, by just concentrating its agriculture and returning the freed land to nature, thereby seeding more trees that suck carbon dioxide out of the air.
Our case for intensification is not a plea for business as usual. The Netherlands, where one of us lives, shows that many global improvements are still possible. Dutch agriculture has the lowest environmental impact per kilogram of food produced: Farmers have managed to halve their pesticide use since 1985, and cut fertilizer use by a similar amount, while at the same time yields have soared. But even here, there is still room for progress. New gene-editing techniques can improve the disease resistance of crops; precision agriculture has the potential to lower fertilizer use even further; and, yes, in some cases there is also room for agro-ecological measures such as mixed cropping and the use of natural predators to control pests, while still maintaining high yields.
We are of course aware that intensification does not magically lead to land sparing, just as building more highways does not necessarily relieve traffic. According to the Jevons paradox, when efficiency rises, farming gets easier, making it attractive to cultivate more land. Thus, strict zoning policies would need to be enforced for all of this to work. Globally, 15 percent of land area is marked as protected, up from 8 percent in 1990. We hope this share continues to increase, and so we applaud the recent plan by the European Commission to have 30 percent of EU land set aside for nature by 2030.
One reason why intensification gets a bad rap is the proliferation of caricatures and misleading language (as with the term "Frankenfoods" to describe GMOs). While we acknowledge that bad intensive farming practices exist, farmers generally don't douse their crops with "poison," nor do they "destroy" their soils. On the last point, a recent South African study showed no correlation between farming intensity and soil quality. And it's notable that while soils in The Netherlands are in relatively good shape, problems have been more likely to arise on marginal lands in, for instance, Spain and sub-Saharan Africa, where farmers are often unable to restore nutrients to the soil after the harvest.
Some other myths need to be debunked, too. Many commentators, including the aforementioned Olivier De Schutter, have suggested that modern agriculture makes us "sick." But such arguments often conflate production and processing: It's ultra-processed foods that are linked to obesity and cardiovascular disease, not the crops as such. A report by Oxfam Novib in 2015 declared the highly intensive Dutch food system to be the best in the world, hailing its output as abundant, healthy, and diverse. The UK and Ireland also scored high rankings with their own intensive systems.
The most troublesome—even troubling—notion at play here is the critics' suggestion that there is something wrong with cheap food. In fact, the declining cost of food associated with globalization and intensification has been an unmixed blessing for humanity. And the benefits are felt most strongly by poor people: The less money you have to spend on food, the more you can set aside for other things, such as giving your children a proper education.
Yes, there are hidden social costs associated with food production (notably, carbon emissions). And these should be internalized into the price, ideally through a universal carbon tax. But the notion that cheapness is bad in and of itself reflects an elitist reflex that is offensive to the global majority that feeds itself on a constrained budget. If wealthy westerners—including us—are prepared to pay extra for artisanal wines and organic vegetables, then by all means, let us continue to do so. But telling less well-off folks that they should just buy more expensive food is the policy equivalent of telling the sans-culottes to eat cake instead of bread.
And to conclude with something that we hope should be obvious: No, COVID-19 didn't originate with industrial farming. Again, the opposite is true: Enclosed, controlled systems with high levels of biosecurity minimize the risks of viral outbreaks. By contrast, on those small farms with which we are all sentimentally enamoured, where different animals mingle with each other and with their wild relatives in the open air, the risk of novel species-jumping diseases is significantly greater. If we want to prevent pandemics in the future, we need to create more divisions, not fewer, between farm animals and nature.
Or we could stop eating them altogether, of course. But that's a debate for another day.
Maarten Boudry is a philosopher of science and Etienne Vermeersch Chair of Critical Thinking at Ghent University. Hidde Boersma is a molecular biologist and writes on biotechnology and agriculture.


text:
> Artists>Б B>Baron Henri Charles Antoine, 1816 – 1885
A famous French painter and graphic artist. Born in Besançon, France. He studied at the studio of J. Gigoux in Paris. After a long creative journey through Italy, he settled in Paris. He made his debut at the Salon in Paris in 1840. He gained the first big success in Salon in 1845, he was awarded the medals at the Salons in 1847, 1848, 1855 and ...
A famous French painter and graphic artist. Born in Besançon, France. He studied at the studio of J. Gigoux in Paris. After a long creative journey through Italy, he settled in Paris. He made his debut at the Salon in Paris in 1840. He gained the first big success in Salon in 1845, he was awarded the medals at the Salons in 1847, 1848, 1855 and in 1867. He participated in the World Exhibitions in Paris (1855, 1867). Since 1879, he permanently exhibited watercolors at the shows of the French Watercolorists' Union. He also illustrated the works of Honoré de Balzac, Giovanni Boccaccio and others. He contributed to such magazines as Magasin picturesque, Gil Blas, Roland furieux. He made many lithographs of his own pictures and of the other famous artists' paintings. He is the author of historical scenes of secular life, non-oriental and allegorical compositions. His works are stored in Paris, Besançon, Geneva, London, Luxemburg, Chantilly, etc.
Baron Henri Charles Antoine, 1816 – 1885 There is 1 product.
Лот №169 Auction №17 - 04.06.2011
«Date», IIIrd quarter 19thC canvas,... «Date», IIIrd quarter 19thC canvas,...
0 USD - 0 USD

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Luan Jian'an) "
Sökning: WFRF:(Luan Jian'an)
Graff, M., et al. (författare)
Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity. A meta-analysis of 200,452 adults
Ingår i: PLoS Genet. - : Public library service. - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 13:4
Physical activity (PA) may modify the genetic effects that give rise to increased risk of obesity. To identify adiposity loci whose effects are modified by PA, we performed genome-wide interaction meta-analyses of BMI and BMI-adjusted waist circumference and waist-hip ratio from up to 200,452 adults of European (n = 180,423) or other ancestry (n = 20,029). We standardized PA by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable where, on average, 23% of participants were categorized as inactive and 77% as physically active. While we replicate the interaction with PA for the strongest known obesity-risk locus in the FTO gene, of which the effect is attenuated by similar to 30% in physically active individuals compared to inactive individuals, we do not identify additional loci that are sensitive to PA. In additional genome-wide meta-analyses adjusting for PA and interaction with PA, we identify 11 novel adiposity loci, suggesting that accounting for PA or other environmental factors that contribute to variation in adiposity may facilitate gene discovery.
Ehret, Georg B., et al. (författare)
To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.
Heid, Iris M, et al. (författare)
Meta-analysis identifies 13 new loci associated with waist-hip ratio and reveals sexual dimorphism in the genetic basis of fat distribution.
Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 42:11, s. 949-60
Waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measure of body fat distribution and a predictor of metabolic consequences independent of overall adiposity. WHR is heritable, but few genetic variants influencing this trait have been identified. We conducted a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index (comprising up to 77,167 participants), following up 16 loci in an additional 29 studies (comprising up to 113,636 subjects). We identified 13 new loci in or near RSPO3, VEGFA, TBX15-WARS2, NFE2L3, GRB14, DNM3-PIGC, ITPR2-SSPN, LY86, HOXC13, ADAMTS9, ZNRF3-KREMEN1, NISCH-STAB1 and CPEB4 (P = 1.9 × 10(-9) to P = 1.8 × 10(-40)) and the known signal at LYPLAL1. Seven of these loci exhibited marked sexual dimorphism, all with a stronger effect on WHR in women than men (P for sex difference = 1.9 × 10(-3) to P = 1.2 × 10(-13)). These findings provide evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions.
Walford, G. A., et al. (författare)
Genome-wide association study of the modified stumvoll insulin sensitivity index identifies BCL2 and FAM19A2 as novel insulin sensitivity loci
Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association Inc.. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 65:10, s. 3200-3211
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have found few common variants that influence fasting measures of insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that a GWAS of an integrated assessment of fasting and dynamic measures of insulin sensitivity would detect novel common variants. We performed a GWAS of the modified Stumvoll Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI) within the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-Related Traits Consortium. Discovery for genetic association was performed in 16,753 individuals, and replication was attempted for the 23 most significant novel loci in 13,354 independent individuals. Association with ISI was tested in models adjusted for age, sex, and BMI and in a model analyzing the combined influence of the genotype effect adjusted for BMI and the interaction effect between the genotype and BMI on ISI (model 3). In model 3, three variants reached genome-wide significance: Rs13422522 (NYAP2; P = 8.87 × 10-11), rs12454712 (BCL2; P = 2.7 × 10-8), and rs10506418 (FAM19A2; P = 1.9 × 10-8). The association at NYAP2 was eliminated by conditioning on the known IRS1 insulin sensitivity locus; the BCL2 and FAM19A2 associations were independent of known cardiometabolic loci. In conclusion, we identified two novel loci and replicated known variants associated with insulin sensitivity. Further studies are needed to clarify the causal variant and function at the BCL2 and FAM19A2 loci. © 2016 by the American Diabetes Association.
Cai, Lina, et al. (författare)
Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2052-4463. ; 7:1
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global public health challenge. Whilst the advent of genome-wide association studies has identified >400 genetic variants associated with T2D, our understanding of its biological mechanisms and translational insights is still limited. The EPIC-InterAct project, centred in 8 countries in the European Prospective Investigations into Cancer and Nutrition study, is one of the largest prospective studies of T2D. Established as a nested case-cohort study to investigate the interplay between genetic and lifestyle behavioural factors on the risk of T2D, a total of 12,403 individuals were identified as incident T2D cases, and a representative sub-cohort of 16,154 individuals was selected from a larger cohort of 340,234 participants with a follow-up time of 3.99 million person-years. We describe the results from a genome-wide association analysis between more than 8.9 million SNPs and T2D risk among 22,326 individuals (9,978 cases and 12,348 non-cases) from the EPIC-InterAct study. The summary statistics to be shared provide a valuable resource to facilitate further investigations into the genetics of T2D.
Jiang, X., et al. (författare)
Genome-wide association study in 79,366 European-ancestry individuals informs the genetic architecture of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone precursor that is associated with a range of human traits and diseases. Previous GWAS of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations have identified four genome-wide significant loci (GC, NADSYN1/DHCR7, CYP2R1, CYP24A1). In this study, we expand the previous SUNLIGHT Consortium GWAS discovery sample size from 16,125 to 79,366 (all European descent). This larger GWAS yields two additional loci harboring genome-wide significant variants (P = 4.7x10(-9) at rs8018720 in SEC23A, and P = 1.9x10(-14) at rs10745742 in AMDHD1). The overall estimate of heritability of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum concentrations attributable to GWAS common SNPs is 7.5%, with statistically significant loci explaining 38% of this total. Further investigation identifies signal enrichment in immune and hematopoietic tissues, and clustering with autoimmune diseases in cell-type-specific analysis. Larger studies are required to identify additional common SNPs, and to explore the role of rare or structural variants and gene-gene interactions in the heritability of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.
Justice, Anne E., et al. (författare)
Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution
Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF >= 5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF < 5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
Ligthart, S., et al. (författare)
Genome Analyses of >200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders
Shah, Sonia, et al. (författare)
Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure
Ingår i: ; 11:1
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. Twelve independent variants at 11 genomic loci are associated with HF, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function, suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Functional analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homoeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Mendelian randomisation analysis supports causal roles for several HF risk factors, and demonstrates CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, and hypertension. These findings extend our knowledge of the pathways underlying HF and may inform new therapeutic strategies.
Wareham, Nicholas J (108)
Luan, Jian'an (107)
McCarthy, Mark I (68)
Barroso, Ines (67)
Jackson, Anne U. (65)
Morris, Andrew P (61)
Boehnke, Michael (58)
Esko, Tonu (58)
Lindgren, Cecilia M. (58)
Collins, Francis S. (58)
Zhao, Jing Hua (57)
Scott, Robert A (53)
Laakso, Markku (52)
Feitosa, Mary F. (52)
Chambers, John C. (52)
Kooner, Jaspal S. (52)
Franks, Paul W (51)
Borecki, Ingrid B. (50)
Abecasis, Gonçalo R (48)
Stringham, Heather M ... (48)
Kuusisto, Johanna (47)
Langenberg, C. (46)
Boehnke, M (46)
Frayling, Timothy M (46)
Tuomilehto, Jaakko (46)
Psaty, Bruce M. (45)
Strachan, David P (45)
Perola, Markus (45)
Vollenweider, Peter (45)
Bonnycastle, Lori L. (45)


text:
A new video for GOAD: "The Man In The Dreamland"
Italian Progressive Rockers GOAD present the second song and video "The Man In The Dreamland". The track is taken from band's upcoming album "La Belle Dame" out on May 7th via My Kingdom Music and you can enjoy the lyric video edited by talented artist Marcelo Silva at https://youtu.be/978zSDpefEg
The echoes of nearly 50 years of band career are impressive and GOAD continue to share with their audience emotions and sophisticated tunes. Fans and lovers of the dark, atmospheric music of VAN DER GRAAF GENERATOR, KING CRIMSON, GENESIS, PFM, PROCOL HARUM will find their ideal listening here.
"La Belle Dame" is a great Prog opera dedicated to the ballad written by the English poet John Keats and the first album with My Kingdom Music and you can pre-order from the following: http://smarturl.it/GOADBELLE


Are you ready to take photography classes in Lanagan MO? Whether you are a beginner, hobbyist, or professional, the best way to improve your photography skills is through hands-on classes with skilled instructors.
There are many recognized and accredited photography schools in Missouri. Photography classes teach subjects like digital capture, lighting techniques, exposure, composition, outdoor photography, and many other basic and advanced camera techniques. Maturing into an experienced photographer can pave the road to a lifelong hobby or a booming professional career.


text:
Dallas Mavericks legend Dirk Nowitzki claims Kobe Bryant was the best player he ever faced
Home ▸ Sports ▸ Sports News & Features ▸ Basketball News ▸ Dallas Mavericks legend Dirk Nowitzki claims Kobe Bryant was the best player he ever faced
Basketball News Sports News & Features January 11, 2020
It's not a new thing to discuss for the basketball legend that played for the Los Angeles Lakers that worn the number 24 jersey in the debate of the best player to ever play basketball, or simply as GOAT, "Greatest of All Time". Yet, legends praise legends as The Mavericks' own legend Dirk Nowitzki believes that Kobe Bryant was the best player he ever encountered from his 21 years of career.
Nowitzki shared his insights from an interview with Shot Science Basketball channel on Youtube about Los Angeles, thus highly mentioning Kobe,
"Kobe, we tried everything, he was just – you couldn't stop him." He said.
"Unguardable. So one time we had him in the corner and the shot clock was going down and he was right in front of our bench. Somebody played him from the top side, so he couldn't turn around over his left shoulder and shoot with the right so he's kind of like stuck, then he sees the shot clock and he turns around, shoots it with the left, 3-pointer from the corner. We're all like 'what?'"
"His skill level was unbelievable; there was not one shot that he didn't have in his repertoire, so to me, in my 20 years, he was probably the best offensive or the best player I've faced."
The two basketball legends Nowitzki and Bryant had a quite similar path sticking to their respective teams for their whole career, with Dirk's claim about Kobe gave him that big impact of a memory from the Black Mamba as they faced one another for 16 seasons and both ended up as Hall of Famers with major accolades claimed written in the NBA history.
Demar DeRozan, Josh Richardson named as your NBA player of the week
Arsenal head coach responds to John Stones transfer rumours


Just recently decided to go ahead and pull the trigger on a blue Pelagos. Happened to find OCRolexGuy via WatchRecon and loved one he had posted. Mint condition, great price and nothing but positive references. A few emails, a quick introductory phone conversation (new member here with no reference), and a PayPal invoice later, I was very pleased with the whole transaction. Watch was shipped overnight FedEx and was everything I could have hoped for. Exactly as described, very neatly packages and even had a very well done business card for OCRolexGuy.
Would very highly recommend any purchase with him and will most likely be doing business again with him in the future!
Adam, thank you for the kind words, trust & business! It was our pleasure to help and we look forward to working with you in the future!


text:
Published: Marina Garber-Colacicchi
Marina Garber-Colacicchi (World Languages and Cultures) has written poetry, "Tilted Landscape," ("Качнувшийся пейзаж") that has been published in Russian-German literary magazine The Text.
Manoj Sharma (Environmental & Occupational Health) co-authored an article, "Examining Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in People with Intellectual Disabilities" in collaboration with colleagues Ram Lakhan and Louisa Summers of Berea College and Vinayak K. Nahar of the University of Mississippi Medical Center.
Published: Tyler Parry
Tyler D. Parry (Interdisciplinary, Gender, and Ethnic Studies) has written an article, "The Radical Experiment of South Carolina: The History and Legacy of a Reconstructed University," which has been published in the fall issue of the Journal of African American History (JAAH). Founded in 1916, the JAAH is the one of the oldest and most...
Published: Cory Lampert and Emily Lapworth
Cory Lampert and Emily Lapworth (both Libraries) are co-authors on a new article, "Cultivating Digitization Competencies: A Case Study in Leveraging Grants as Learning Opportunities in Libraries and Archives," published in Information Technology and Libraries, a journal published quarterly by the Core: Leadership, Infrastructure, Futures, a...
Published: Markie Twist
Markie L. C. Twist (Environmental and Occupational Health) recently wrote the "Introduction to Special Issue on Sexual Health Risks and Assessments" in the journal Sexual and Relationship Therapy. The journal offers a multidisciplinary forum for review and debate in the field of sex and relationship therapies. It presents original research and...
Presentation: Bo Bernhard
Bo Bernhard (International Gaming Institute) spoke at a national Chilean conference about observations and data on gambling and problem gambling during the COVID-19 pandemic in a session entitled "Perspectivas de Nevada."
Published: Rajiv Kishore
Rajiv Kishore (Management, Entrepreneurship, and Technology) had a paper,"Social Media-Enabled Healthcare: A Conceptual Model of Social Media Affordances, Online Social Support, and Health Behaviors and Outcomes" accepted by the Technological Forecasting & Social Change, an "A" journal on the Australian Business Deans Council journal list....
Published: Blanca Rincón and Kristine Espinoza
Blanca E. Rincón and Kristine J. Espinoza (both Educational Psychology and Higher Education) co-authored a manuscript on how dually designated Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) and Latinx-serving institutions communicate "servinginess" through campus artifacts. Using critical ethnographic methods, they found that campus artifacts at...
Published: Chyllis Scott
Chyllis Scott (Teaching and Learning) and her colleagues, UNLV alum Fawn Canady, '06 Master of Education and '17 PhD Curriculum and Instruction, now of Sonoma State University, and and Troy Hicks of Central Michigan University, published an article "Walking a Thin Line": Exploring the Tensions Between Composition Curriculum and Students' Lives as...


text:
Arctic StatesCanadaThe Kingdom of DenmarkFinlandIcelandNorwayThe Russian FederationSwedenThe United States
Permanent ParticipantsAleut International AssociationArctic Athabaskan CouncilGwich'in Council InternationalInuit Circumpolar CouncilRussian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the NorthSaami Council
Working GroupsArctic Contaminants Action ProgramArctic Monitoring and Assessment ProgrammeConservation of Arctic Flora and FaunaEmergency Prevention, Preparedness and ResponseProtection of the Arctic Marine EnvironmentSustainable Development Working Group
ObserversNon-Arctic statesIntergovernmental and interparliamentary organizationsNon-governmental organizations
About the Arctic CouncilArctic Council SecretariatIndigenous Peoples' SecretariatTask forces and expert groupsRussian ChairmanshipPast ChairmanshipsHistoryJobsSee all
TopicsArctic PeoplesBiodiversityClimateOceanPollutantsEmergencies
How we workAgreements and cooperationData and knowledgeMonitoringAssessmentsRecommendations
ProjectsUnderstanding climate change impacts on Arctic ecosystems and associated climate feedbacksKola Waste ProjectCircumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CBMP)Prevention, Preparedness and Response for small communitiesRegional Action Plan on Marine LitterUnderwater noise in the ArcticMarine Biodiversity MonitoringArctic Marine Microplastics and LitterBlue Bioeconomy in the Arctic RegionIndigenous Youth, Food Knowledge and Arctic Change (EALLU)See all
Reporting on the Resilience of Arctic Ecosystems
The Arctic Resilience Interim Report released on 15 May, finds that rapid – even abrupt – changes are occurring on multiple fronts across the Arctic, raising the risk of crossing thresholds that would cause irreversible changes to ecosystems, environmental processes, and societies. The report marks the half-way point in the project that aims to identify critical thresholds and sources of resilience in the face of environmental and social pressures.
The Kiruna Ministerial meeting of the Arctic Council in mid-May confirmed the importance of understanding resilience in discussing Arctic change, not only in scientific research but also in relation to policy. The Ministerial Declaration clearly connects resilience to the issues of adaptation, which is emerging as an increasingly urgent concern as the impacts of climate change are becoming more and more apparent across the North. Not only is the sea ice melting rapidly, snow cover is also declining and permafrost disappearing, which have impacts on the way water flows in the landscape, on the vegetation and on the animals and people who live there. We are beyond the point where such changes are slow and gradual and always easy to foresee. Instead we have to prepare for more surprises and major shifts in ecosystems in the years to come.
The recently released Arctic Resilience Interim Report 2013 discusses in depth seven important sources of adaptive capacity, which can also be thought of as important aspects of resilience in a rapidly changing world. People living in the region face not only climate change, but also major social, economic and political change. These sources of resilience include access to natural capital, to social capital, and to knowledge. Natural capital is the ecosystems that can continue to provide society with food, clean water, livelihoods based on natural resources, and other ecosystem services that serve as a non-replaceable base for human well-being. Social capital is about our ability to work together, the social networks and our decision-making mechanisms that make it possible to have dialogues, set priorities and implement decisions. Knowledge is about our ability to monitor, analyze and understand the world in which we live, the changes that are happing and how they may affect our future choices. In the Arctic context it includes the scientific work from many different disciplines as well as traditional knowledge. The Arctic Resilience Report is a 4-year Arctic Council project led by the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Stockholm Resilience Centre.
Read the Interim Report here
Get Arctic updates
Subscribe to our monthly newsletter for Arctic news, views and interviews.
Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation (2017)
Agreement on Cooperation on Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic (2013)
Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic (2011)
Ottawa Declaration (1996)
Arctic States
The eight Arctic states are permanent members of the Arctic Council.
Permanent Participants
The Council's activities are conducted in six Working Groups.
Task forces and expert groups
Russian Chairmanship
Responsible Governance for a Sustainable Arctic
Agreements and cooperation
The establishment of the Arctic Council was considered an important milestone enhancing cooperation in the circumpolar North. In the Ottawa Declaration, the eight Arctic States established the Council as a high-level forum to provide means for promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States – including the full consultation and full involvement of Arctic Indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants.
Data and knowledge
At any given time the Council's subsidiary bodies – the Working and Expert Groups – are engaged in close to 100 projects and initiatives.
Through the ever-growing body of assessments produced by its six Working Groups, the Arctic Council serves as knowledge broker and global advocate for Arctic topics. The Working Groups' assessments have been instrumental in bringing Arctic issues to a global arena through policy recommendations and international cooperation.
The strong knowledge base produced by the Arctic Council's Working Groups and other subsidiary bodies feeds into recommendations for informed decision-making.
Arctic Peoples
© Arctic Council Secretariat | Privacy policy and disclaimers


However, they have recovered rapidly, with utilities and transport connections restored. Lombok airports and the tourist resorts in the south of the island, including Sengiggi on the west coast, are open as normal. Read on to find out… Is it Safe to Travel to Bali Right Now? No, all flights running to Bali Denpasar and Lombok have been unaffected and are operating as normal. If out on the beach, proceed west to Jalan Bypass Ngurah Rai. Bali is a small island province of Indonesia and the country's most popular tourist destination. Deaths are in the thousands and rescuers are still working to find thousands of missing people. It is essential that you also stay in regular contact with friends and family back home.
Indonesia tsunami and earthquake map: Where is Palu? Is it safe to travel to Bali?
© Provided by Johnston Publishing Ltd Footage shows locals running into the forest to escape the tidal surge, and another badly hit area was the Tanjung Lesung beach resort in West Java. Tui said it had already cancelled all of its trips to Lombok until the end of October and accommodated all affected customers. Infrastructure and disaster response in Indonesia is not like you would expect in say Japan or Europe. It is currently safe to travel to mainland Bali, but caution is advised. Bottled water is sold cheaply everywhere in Bali. Earthquakes are common in Bali and can strike at any time.
Use your common sense and stay alert to local sirens or information. Zika has been reported in Bali and is spread by the same mosquito that carries Dengue. Then on 19 August, further 7. Other fault lines, as you can see on the above image, such as the Sumatra fault which runs parallel to the Sunda Trench fault are lateral faults. Hundreds of people died and tens of thousands are left homeless after the quake. Is Bali safe in 2018? And again, it hit again on the 9th of August. Now, however, the focus is on the island of Sulawesi.
In Bali, staying inside is not necessarily the right move. We are planning to return in December though, and the earthquakes will probably not keep us away. All surrounding international airports were closed due to the ash clouds, and 40,000 people had to be evacuated from the surrounding area. And honestly, I am relieved that we have now left the island. The airport had been closed since Friday evening, only opening for emergency flight services.
The Indonesian island of Sulawesi was battered by the tsunami, washing away dozens of homes, businesses and vehicles. Since the Lombok earthquakes took place on land, no waves have been prompted towards the shore. We joined hundreds of other tourists in restaurants, beaches, and tourist attractions. Please search the forum for the many threads asking the same thing and you will see a thoroughly positive response regarding safety here. Have flights to Indonesia been affected? The last earthquake in Bali took place in 2004, resulting in one death. Palu is the capital of the province of Central Sulawesi, about 1,650 kilometres of Jakarta. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in journalism from the University of Southern California.
The Gili Islands Gili Trewangan, Gili Meno and Gili Air were also significantly affected by the earthquakes. If there is an earthquake while you are in Bali, make your way immediately to your nearest yellow zone. Also the ash cloud can have a significant effect on airport operations, depending on size and wind speed. Be aware of trees, powerlines, and other hazards. Kuta, Tanjung Benoa, and Sanur in are considered to be most exposed to the danger.
Many people died, many buildings collapsed and it is still striking. The wave enveloped beaches, dragging people into the ocean, and devastated coastal towns with the worst affected areas lying south-west of the capital, Jakarta. Is it safe to visit Bali? It has over 100 active volcanoes, which can erupt with little or no warning. A quake above 9 on the Richter scale where the sea bed is raised by 15 meters or more. In late July, a volcano exploded in eastern Bali, and the area around Mount Sinabung in northern Sumatra has also been blocked off due to volcanic activity. Tip 3: You might want to prepare a ready for the worst with essentials such as your wallet, , , passport, etc. If you are on Lombok island, plan your outward journey and have in place alternative methods of transportation, to account for all eventualities.
Update: We are now back in Bali and though earthquakes and tsunamis are very much on our minds, it really as business as usual here. School holidays in Queensland began on September 15. Still, the situation in Lombok and the Gili Islands is even worst! In Bali heading north would be a great idea and get to a higher point if you can. Of course, this also means that it can be quite active. Meanwhile, Indonesia's latest attack took place in the large city of Surabaya on the eastern side of Java in May 2018. Every day we see updates where the numbers are going up, but it seems that the figures are far from being accurate. Do read up on what to do if an earthquake hits and where the closest green zone is in case of a tsunami.
The Tsunami warning systems are set to go off through out the region. The three Gili Islands, too, that tempt travellers to its relaxed, car-free way of life, are included in that guidance. Vanuatu, which has a population of 270,000, is made up of 80 nations scattered across 1,300 kilometres of ocean The earthquake struck Erromago, an island in the Vanuatu archipelago roughly 135 kilometres south of the capital city of Port Vila, at 7. All of this is to say there's no way to predict earthquakes, and tsunamis can only be projected after an earthquake. Use a mosquito coil to keep bugs away in the evenings, and always sleep under a mosquito net. First things first, the U. Is it safe to travel to Bali right now, or should you cancel your trip? Agung, which erupted most recently in 1963.


text:
By Jennifer Berry
Serena Williams Rocks a Tutu after Catsuit Ban
She gave the sartorial middle finger at the U.S. Open—and won
The world needs more badasses like Serena Williams. Following the controversial (read: ridiculous/sexist/outdated—take your pick, friends) ban of Williams's French Open catsuit, the tennis champion strolled onto the court for the first day of the U.S. Open on August 27 wearing a literal, actual tutu from Louis Vuitton designer Virgil Abloh and Nike's Off-White x Nike Queen Collection. And that, ladies and gents, is why she's the GOAT.
French Tennis Federation president Bernard Giudicelli accused the tennis champion of going "too far" with her black Nike catsuit in an interview with Tennis Magazine published on August 24. "It will no longer be accepted. One must respect the game and the place," he said.
Aside from perpetuating old and dusty notions about what clothing is considered "feminine" and policing women's appearances (both hard no's), the ban prevents Williams from sporting something that she literally wore for her health—Williams told reporters at the French Open that the compression from the catsuit helped prevent life-threatening post-pregnancy blood clots. "I had a lot of problems with those—I don't know how many I have had in the past 12 months," the 36-year-old tennis star said on May 29. "It's a fun suit, but it's also functional, so I'm able to play without any problems."
But alas, the catsuit was banned, so Williams did the next best thing to speaking out about it—wordlessly walking into day one of the U.S. Open in a grown-up version of the traditionally feminine tutu dress favoured by ballerinas and toddlers. You could almost hear her saying, "Girly enough for you?"
willing to design dresses for her for life.
A post shared by @ virgilabloh on Aug 27, 2018 at 7:05pm PDT
The six-time U.S. Open champion wore the one-shoulder black dress with tulle skirt to compete in her first-round match (which she won 6-4, 6-0 against Poland's Magda Linette), arriving to Arthur Ashe Auditorium in New York topping the mini with a custom black leather biker jacket and a tennis bag emblazoned with the words "AKA QUEEN." Can I get a "Yas queen!"?
Abloh shared his thoughts on why the design was perfect for Williams. "The dress is feminine, but combines her aggression. It's partially revealing. It's asymmetrical. It has a sort of ballerina-esque silhouette to symbolize her grace," Abloh said in a press release. "It's not about bells and whistles and tricks. It's just about it living on the body, and expressing Serena's spirit with each swing of the racket."


text:
Man assaults teen wearing 'MAGA' hat at San Antonio Whataburger restaurant
The teen who filmed the MAGA hat attack and theft by Kino Jiminez at a San Antonio, Texas, Whataburger restaurant denies accusations reported by the media–and then retracted (by only some news sites)–that he and his friends provoked the attack by allegedly saying racist remarks: "an article was released saying someone who was in the restaurant (even tho the only ones in the restaurant was my group and the guy who confronted us's group.) said that we had provoked the man with racial slurs and much worse things, which never happened…this article was pulled due to "concerns about the legitimacy of the statements."
A man took a teenager's "Make America Great Again" hat and threw a drink at a Whataburger in San Antonio, TX. "You ain't supportin' sh-t, nig–," the suspect said to Hunter Richard, 16.
Richard's friend, twitter/brxpug, said the man was arrested and lost his job. The teens have also decided not to press charges, but a police report was filed.
A video shared on Twitter showed Texas teen Hunter Richard sitting in a booth with his friends when an unidentified man approached, threw a drink in Richard's face, and then stool his MAGA hat. As the assailant walked out of the fast food joint, he yelled, "You ain't supporting sh**t nig*."
Twitter user Brax, Richard's s friend, shared the video on his Twitter account. He captioned the post, "So went out for a 2am snack and my friend (wearing a MAGA hat) had his hat stolen and a drink thrown in his face (and mine, you can see my arms on the left of the video)."
The incident happened at a Whataburger restaurant in San Antonio, TX. A representative from Whataburger Corporate Communications told media, "We were shocked to see this video and certainly don't condone this type of customer behavior in our restaurants. To be clear, no Whataburger employees were involved or witnessed the incident."
Richard told media, "I support my President and if you don't let's have a conversation about it instead of ripping my hat off. I just think a conversation about politics is more productive for the entire whole rather than taking my hat and yelling subjective words to me."
According to the Independent, Patricia Spittler — thought to be the mother of one of the boys — also shared the video on Facebook, which received more than 2 million views before it was removed. Spittler apparently called users to help identify the "scumbag of the year."
"It would be nice to know who he is for someone to let him know his actions are not OK," she reportedly wrote. "Real tough guy … approaches a group of teenagers minding their own business just having a burger! He kept his hat too."
According to Brax's recent tweets, the man has apparently been identified, arrested, and lost his job.
The teens have also decided not to press charges, but a police report was filed.
Man assaults teen wearing 'MAGA' hat at San Antonio Whataburger restaurant: https://t.co/8v0O2I5Wbk via @YouTube
— HYGO News (@HygoNews) July 6, 2018


CA has just emerged from one of the most turbulent times in its history, but remains focused on moving ahead. ACN spoke to Russ Artzt, co-founder of CA and executive vice chairman for products, about the challenges facing the company – and his view of the competition.
CA has just emerged from one of the most turbulent times in its history, but remains focused on moving ahead. ACN spoke to Russ Artzt, co-founder of CA and executive vice chairman for products, about the challenges facing the company - and his view of the competition.
As a co-founder, what changes have you seen in CA over the past 30 years?
Russ Artzt:Just a couple! Obviously, when we first started, the computer industry was just getting started - it was a new industry. The first computer came out in the late 60s - the Univac. We started in 1976, we were early. We always had a vision - software would become bigger than hardware. This was the vision we had 30 years ago, and it's not so off - it's certainly very profitable.
Certainly the marketplace has changed dramatically - we've gone through mainframe-centric processing, where everything is centralised; to distributed client-server processing; to internet-based processing. Our company has clearly changed - in the last few years our management team has completely changed. Charles [Wang] is no longer there, our entire executive leadership team has changed - except for me - since John Swainson came in. I think that we've been fortunate enough to put together a very strong management team - you can see that here at CA World, that we have a good team, we have a good business, we have a good company. We have a strong vision for what we want to do.
What do you see as the key challenges for CA?
RA:We need to execute well. There's a lot of competition out there - we have to grow our business - our distributed business - aggressively. We have great products, we need to execute well in the field. Because approximately half our business is mainframe, we have to keep that business flat, maybe a little bit of growth. If we can keep mainframe flat and grow our distributed business well, we'll do fine. Our goal is to get most of our growth from distributed - I think we have the right product line for that.
We also need to execute on our EITM vision - EITM is all about aligning business and IT, it's all about govern, secure, manage - and having each of those areas integrated well. I believe the right portfolio of products to make that happen. It's a matter of staying focused on our vision - the salesforce needs to stay focused in the field, and development needs to stay focused on the products. We can always improve them.
How do you balance acquisition and development, and how far can an acquisition strategy take CA?
RA:We've always had the philosophy that to grow, first you need to know what direction you're growing in, and you need internal development, you need to do acquisitions in appropriate areas, and finally you need to integrate well. And that's the piece that most companies fail in - integration. I think it's very very important - in IT, everything is connected in one way shape or form. Whether you're doing network management, systems management, Wily, Clarity - there's connections.
There's connections between problems you find in the network, to reporting problems through a service desk, to relating problems with web management back to the network or security. Everything's connected - that's why integration is important.
Oracle has been very acquisitive, but its customers are saying they don't trust all these things to work together, and they don't trust Fusion. Do you find CA faces similar problems with its purchases?
RA:In the industry, there's a long history of failed acquisitions and poor integration - from the standpoint of integrating different company cultures, from the standpoint of salesforces, marketing forces, development - a very difficult thing to do. We happen to have a lot of experience at it, and I think from a development standpoint we've done pretty well. Other companies have struggled more.
One of the keys is you need to understand that culturally you have to bring everybody together, but I think you also have to understand that once you have this common vision, this common blueprint for how things are going to work, it makes it a lot easier - you're almost providing a roadmap for the acquired company. So that helps us.
I think it helps that we have a lot of experience at doing integration, at bringing companies together - it gives us a lot of advantages.
And I do think that Oracle will have problems integrating. I think HP's going to have problems integrating Mercury. Veritas and Symantec - everybody knows Symantec has had a terrible time trying to get Veritas integrated, it's tough.
How concerned should CA's customers be about the accounting scandal which has engulfed the firm in recent years?
RA:Frankly, I haven't seen it matter very much to the customers. Customers want value from what they buy - they want the best products, the best solution, the best vision. They also want to deal with a software company that they know will be around. They know we're going to be around. We're a US$4.5 billion company, we generate more than $1 billion in cash every year - we're going to be around. We're very profitable - there's not that many companies that can generate that much cash every year.
If you had to pick one, what would you identify as the 'next big thing'?
RA:Our next big thing is governance. I think it's a very big area, it's needed for a lot of reasons - companies are attracted to governance because they need to understand their return on investment in IT, it's been out of control for years. Two, companies need governance to control almost everything they're doing - how they're spending their money, what their investment strategies are, and are they getting a return.
What do you see as happening in enterprises to drive this current uptake of governance?
RA:For one thing, CIOs are under pressure - from their boards, from their CEOs - to justify the money they're spending. Many CIOs in the companies we deal with spend $1 billion on IT - it's a lot of money. The CEOs want to know if they're making the right decisions, are they doing the right things - are they doing them well? It's all about governance. It's all about understanding what you're measuring and what the returns on investment are. I think CEOs and boards of directors are demanding that today.
Let's face it - IT has been out of control, in a lot of companies. I think this has been here a long time, but finally companies and CEOs are saying 'Hey, I'd better figure out what I'm spending on IT, if I'm going to get control of my business - and I need IT to be synched up directly with my business'. Business priorities and IT priorities need to be the same - why are they different? Why is IT off on an island somewhere - they need to be connected.


MONROVIA, LIBERIA-President George Manneh Weah has submitted a new pre-financing Loan Agreement in the tone 426 Million United States Dollars to the National Legislature for ratification.
The loan agreement entered into by the Government of Liberia and Group EBOMAF will be financed by the Eurobond, redeemable after a 15-year with a five year grace period and a ten 10-year interest only on payment.
The loan, when ratified, will be used for the construction of 256.2 Km of paved roads and bridges in Monrovia and major corridors of the interior of the Country.
According to a release issued on Friday, June 1, 2018, EBOMAF will begin pre-financing the road project within three months after the agreement is ratified.
The roads to be constructed through this agreement are the Sinkor to Kessellie Boulevard elevated road, Zwedru to Greenville, Toe Town to the Ivoirian Border and Tapita to Zwedru.
The release said the decision has been solely endorsed by the cabinet as Liberia stands to benefit from a great deal of economic growth though the provision of jobs as well as significant increase to Liberia's GDP.


Ensure you consider the verification processing times and ensure you allocate sufficient time for your verification to be completed.
Your document scans must be high quality (300dpi or higher) and in colour. We reserve the right to request higher quality or original documents, which may delay your assessment outcome.
There is no limit to the number of documents that can be provided, however your email size cannot exceed 40mb in total. Encrypted, compressed or archived files such as zip or rar will not be accepted.
save your documents using the correct file types: jpeg, bmp, gif, png, pdf, tif.
If you are using a third party to manage your assessment, you must complete and submit CPA Australia's third party authorisation form (PDF) along with your other supporting documents.
If your study is not formally accredited by CPA Australia, you will need to include syllabus with your application so that we can provide you with individual advice on which competency areas have been covered in your qualification/s.
Syllabus details, also known as subject descriptions, should be provided for all accounting, finance and business subjects, and should accurately reflect the content covered in each of your relevant subjects.
Detailed syllabus material plays an important part of the assessment process. Failure to provide adequate syllabus may adversely affect the outcome of your assessment.
If you are unable to obtain the official syllabus, we will accept a statutory declaration stating the reason for its non-availability and a detailed, personal summary of the relevant subjects. Ensure the statutory declaration is witnessed by a Justice of the Peace or notary officer.
If your documents or information are found to be false or non-authentic CPA Australia may refuse your qualifications for assessment.
These landing pages (including any third party landing pages referred to on this website), and any information CPA Australia Ltd ("CPA Australia"), its staff, contractors or agents ("Representatives") may provide you (from time to time) throughout the Migration assessment process is of a general nature only. Such information does not consider your personal objectives, situation or particular needs. CPA Australia and its Representatives will not provide you with specific information on the migration process, including (but not limited to) awards, visas or migration application process and cannot recommend any organisation or person to provide you with such information. Please ensure that you seek your own independent professional advice with respect to your personal needs.
CPA Australia makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information contained on its website (including any third party landing pages referred to on this website) and any information CPA Australia or its Representatives may provide you from time to time. To the extent permitted by applicable law, CPA Australia, its employees, agents and consultants exclude all liability for any loss or damage claims and expenses including but not limited to legal costs, indirect special or consequential loss or damage (including but not limited to, negligence) arising out of or related to: (a) information contained on the landing pages (including third party landing pages); or (b) any information that CPA Australia or its Representatives may have provided.


text:
What Is Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement
To avoid these problems, countries around the world have signed hundreds of double taxation avoidance treaties, often based on models from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In these treaties, the signatory states agree to limit their taxation of international trade in order to increase trade between the two countries and avoid double taxation. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Income Tax Act or the Double Taxation Convention, the provisions of the latter shall prevail. Yes. As a hub for international investment and education for a large number of emigrants, India has understood the importance of DCIs and has actively addressed this issue. For example, our country has 85 active agreements of this type. Apart from these separate international agreements, the Income Tax Act itself provides relief from double taxation. This issue is dealt with in Articles 90 and 91. In case of opposition, the provisions of the DBAA are binding. India has concluded a comprehensive double taxation agreement with 88 countries, 85 of which have entered into force. [15] This means that certain types of income generated in one country for a tax resident of another country are subject to agreed tax rates and jurisdictions.
According to the Income Tax Act of India 1961, there are two provisions, Section 90 and Section 91, which provide specific relief to taxpayers to protect them from double taxation. Article 90 (bilateral relief) is for taxpayers who have paid tax to a country with which India has signed double taxation treaties, while Article 91 (unilateral relief) provides benefits for taxpayers who have paid taxes to a country with which India has not signed an agreement. Thus, India relieves both types of taxpayers. Prices vary from country to country. Countries can reduce or avoid double taxation by granting either a tax exemption (ME) for foreign income or a foreign tax credit (FTC) for taxes on foreign income. A DBAA between India and other countries only applies to residents of India and residents of the negotiating country. Any person or company that is not resident, whether in India or in the other country that has concluded an agreement with India, may not claim benefits under the undersigned DTA. The intention behind a double taxation treaty is to make a country appear as an attractive investment destination by alleviating the burden of double taxation.
This form of relief is granted by exempting from tax income earned abroad in the State of residence or by offering credits to the extent that the taxes were paid abroad. Second, the United States allows a foreign tax credit by which income tax paid to other countries can be offset against the United States. Income tax attributable to foreign income not covered by this exclusion. The foreign tax credit is not allowed for taxes paid on earned income excluded under the rules described in the preceding paragraph (i.e., no double immersion). [17] Certain investments with a flow-through or pass-through structure, such as . B main limited partnerships, are popular because they avoid the double taxation syndrome. The MS method requires the country of origin to collect tax on income from foreign sources and pay it to the country of origin. [Citation needed] Fiscal sovereignty extends only to the national border. When countries rely on the territorial principle described above, [Where?] they generally rely on the emerging markets method to reduce double taxation. However, the EM method is only common for certain categories or sources of revenue, such as international shipping revenue. Double taxation can also take place in a single country.
This usually happens when subnational jurisdictions have tax powers and jurisdictions have competing claims. In the United States, a person can legally have only one residence. However, when a person dies, different States may each claim that the person was a resident of that State. Intangible property may then be taxed by any claiming State. In the absence of specific laws prohibiting multiple taxation, and as long as the sum of taxes does not exceed 100% of the value of material personal property, the courts will allow such multiple taxation. [Citation needed] In the European Union, Member States have concluded a multilateral agreement on the exchange of information. [7] This means that they each (to their colleagues in the other jurisdiction) provide a list of persons who have applied for an exemption from local tax because they do not reside in the state where the income is earned. These people should have reported this foreign income in their own country of residence, so any difference indicates tax evasion.
What sections of the Income Tax Act provide for an exemption from the payment of double taxation? The signing of the double taxation convention has four main effects. While double taxation treaties provide for relief from double taxation, there are only about 73 in Hungary. This means that Hungarian citizens who receive income from the approximately 120 countries and territories with which Hungary does not have a contract will be taxed by Hungary, regardless of taxes already paid elsewhere. Proponents of double taxation point out that without a dividend tax, wealthy individuals may well live off the dividends they receive by owning large amounts of common shares, but essentially do not pay tax on their personal income. In other words, ownership of shares could become a tax haven. Proponents of dividend taxation also point out that dividend payments are voluntary shares of corporations and that companies as such are not required to "double" their income unless they choose to distribute dividends to shareholders. CDIs are sometimes used by unscrupulous companies to pay very little or no taxes by impersonating companies or entities in one of the countries party to the agreement. .
Agreement Sale of Shares
Service Level Agreement for Escalation Call to Be Called within Is
What Is a Hotel Occupancy Tax


text:
The Ehuang Yangtze River Bridge () crosses the Yangtze River in Hubei, China. The bridge carries traffic on China National Highway 106 between Echeng, Ezhou south of the river and Huangzhou, Huanggang to the north. Construction of the bridge started in 1999 and it was completed in 2002. The bridge is  long and has a main span of  placing it among the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world.

See also
 Yangtze River bridges and tunnels
 List of largest cable-stayed bridges

References

External links
 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051121/http://en.ccccltd.cn/business/infrastructureconstruction/bridge/201011/t20101111_1508.html

Cable-stayed bridges in China
Bridges in Hubei
Bridges completed in 2002
Bridges over the Yangtze River
2002 establishments in China

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package net.openid.appauth;

import static android.os.Looper.getMainLooper;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.robolectric.Shadows.shadowOf;

import android.net.Uri;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import net.openid.appauth.AuthorizationException.GeneralErrors;
import net.openid.appauth.connectivity.ConnectionBuilder;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
import org.robolectric.android.util.concurrent.PausedExecutorService;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
import org.robolectric.annotation.LooperMode;
import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowPausedAsyncTask;

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(sdk = 16)
@LooperMode(LooperMode.Mode.PAUSED)
public class AuthorizationServiceConfigurationTest {
    private static final int CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 1000;
    private static final String TEST_NAME = "test_name";
    private static final String TEST_ISSUER = "test_issuer";
    private static final String TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/auth";
    private static final String TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/token";
    private static final String TEST_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/logout";
    private static final String TEST_REGISTRATION_ENDPOINT = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/registration";
    private static final String TEST_USERINFO_ENDPOINT = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/userinfo";
    private static final String TEST_JWKS_URI = "https://test.openid.com/o/oauth/jwks";
    private static final List<String> TEST_RESPONSE_TYPE_SUPPORTED = Arrays.asList("code", "token");
    private static final List<String> TEST_SUBJECT_TYPES_SUPPORTED = Arrays.asList("public");
    private static final List<String> TEST_ID_TOKEN_SIGNING_ALG_VALUES = Arrays.asList("RS256");
    private static final List<String> TEST_SCOPES_SUPPORTED = Arrays.asList("openid", "profile");
    private static final List<String> TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT_AUTH_METHODS
            = Arrays.asList("client_secret_post", "client_secret_basic");
    private static final List<String> TEST_CLAIMS_SUPPORTED = Arrays.asList("aud", "exp");
    private static final Uri TEST_DISCOVERY_URI = Uri.parse(
            "https://test.openid.com/.well-known/openid-configuration");
    static final String TEST_JSON = "{\n"
            + " \"issuer\": \"" + TEST_ISSUER + "\",\n"
            + " \"authorization_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"token_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"registration_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_REGISTRATION_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"end_session_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"userinfo_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_USERINFO_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"jwks_uri\": \"" + TEST_JWKS_URI + "\",\n"
            + " \"response_types_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_RESPONSE_TYPE_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"subject_types_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_SUBJECT_TYPES_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"id_token_signing_alg_values_supported\": "
            + toJson(TEST_ID_TOKEN_SIGNING_ALG_VALUES) + ",\n"
            + " \"scopes_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_SCOPES_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported\": "
            + toJson(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT_AUTH_METHODS) + ",\n"
            + " \"claims_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_CLAIMS_SUPPORTED) + "\n"
            + "}";

    private static final String TEST_JSON_MALFORMED = "{\n"
            + " \"issuer\": \"" + TEST_ISSUER + "\",\n"
            + " \"authorization_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"token_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"userinfo_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_USERINFO_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"jwks_uri\": \"" + TEST_JWKS_URI + "\",\n"
            + " \"response_types_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_RESPONSE_TYPE_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"subject_types_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_SUBJECT_TYPES_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"id_token_signing_alg_values_supported\": "
            + toJson(TEST_ID_TOKEN_SIGNING_ALG_VALUES) + ",\n"
            + " \"scopes_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_SCOPES_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + " \"token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported\": "
            + toJson(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT_AUTH_METHODS) + ",\n"
            + " \"claims_supported\": " + toJson(TEST_CLAIMS_SUPPORTED) + ",\n"
            + "}";

    private static final String TEST_JSON_MISSING_ARGUMENT = "{\n"
            + " \"issuer\": \"" + TEST_ISSUER + "\",\n"
            + " \"authorization_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"token_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT + "\",\n"
            + " \"userinfo_endpoint\": \"" + TEST_USERINFO_ENDPOINT + "\"\n"
            + "}";

    private AutoCloseable mMockitoCloseable;
    private AuthorizationServiceConfiguration mConfig;
    private RetrievalCallback mCallback;
    @Mock HttpURLConnection mHttpConnection;
    @Mock ConnectionBuilder mConnectionBuilder;
    private PausedExecutorService mPausedExecutorService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mMockitoCloseable = MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
        mCallback = new RetrievalCallback();
        mConfig = new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration(
                Uri.parse(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT),
                Uri.parse(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT),
                Uri.parse(TEST_REGISTRATION_ENDPOINT),
                Uri.parse(TEST_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT));
        when(mConnectionBuilder.openConnection(any(Uri.class))).thenReturn(mHttpConnection);

        mPausedExecutorService = new PausedExecutorService();
        ShadowPausedAsyncTask.overrideExecutor(mPausedExecutorService);
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mMockitoCloseable.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testDefaultConstructor() {
        assertMembers(mConfig);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerialization() throws Exception {
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config = AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.fromJson(
                mConfig.toJson());
        assertMembers(config);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerializationWithoutRegistrationEndpoint() throws Exception {
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config = new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration(
                Uri.parse(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT),
                Uri.parse(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT),
                null,
                Uri.parse(TEST_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT));
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration deserialized = AuthorizationServiceConfiguration
                .fromJson(config.toJson());
        assertThat(deserialized.authorizationEndpoint).isEqualTo(config.authorizationEndpoint);
        assertThat(deserialized.tokenEndpoint).isEqualTo(config.tokenEndpoint);
        assertThat(deserialized.registrationEndpoint).isNull();
        assertThat(deserialized.endSessionEndpoint).isEqualTo(config.endSessionEndpoint);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerializationWithoutRegistrationEndpointAndEndSessionEndpoint() throws Exception {
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config = new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration(
            Uri.parse(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT),
            Uri.parse(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT));
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration deserialized = AuthorizationServiceConfiguration
            .fromJson(config.toJson());
        assertThat(deserialized.authorizationEndpoint).isEqualTo(config.authorizationEndpoint);
        assertThat(deserialized.tokenEndpoint).isEqualTo(config.tokenEndpoint);
        assertThat(deserialized.endSessionEndpoint).isNull();
        assertThat(deserialized.registrationEndpoint).isNull();
    }

    @Test
    public void testDiscoveryConstructorWithName() throws Exception {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject(TEST_JSON);
        AuthorizationServiceDiscovery discovery = new AuthorizationServiceDiscovery(json);
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config
                = new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration(discovery);
        assertMembers(config);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDiscoveryConstructorWithoutName() throws Exception {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject(TEST_JSON);
        AuthorizationServiceDiscovery discovery = new AuthorizationServiceDiscovery(json);
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config =
                new AuthorizationServiceConfiguration(discovery);
        assertMembers(config);
    }

    private void assertMembers(AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config) {
        assertEquals(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT, config.authorizationEndpoint.toString());
        assertEquals(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT, config.tokenEndpoint.toString());
        assertEquals(TEST_REGISTRATION_ENDPOINT, config.registrationEndpoint.toString());
        assertEquals(TEST_END_SESSION_ENDPOINT, config.endSessionEndpoint.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void testBuildConfigurationUriFromIssuer() {
        Uri issuerUri = Uri.parse("https://test.openid.com");
        assertThat(AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.buildConfigurationUriFromIssuer(issuerUri))
                .isEqualTo(TEST_DISCOVERY_URI);
    }

    @Test
    public void testBuildConfigurationUriFromIssuer_withRootPath() {
        Uri issuerUri = Uri.parse("https://test.openid.com/");
        assertThat(AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.buildConfigurationUriFromIssuer(issuerUri))
                .isEqualTo(TEST_DISCOVERY_URI);
    }

    @Test
    public void testBuildConfigurationUriFromIssuer_withExtendedPath() {
        Uri issuerUri = Uri.parse("https://test.openid.com/tenant1");
        assertThat(AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.buildConfigurationUriFromIssuer(issuerUri))
                .isEqualTo(Uri.parse(
                        "https://test.openid.com/tenant1/.well-known/openid-configuration"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFetchFromUrl_success() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(TEST_JSON.getBytes());
        when(mHttpConnection.getInputStream()).thenReturn(is);
        doFetch();
        mPausedExecutorService.runAll();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration result = mCallback.config;
        assertNotNull(result);
        assertEquals(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT, result.authorizationEndpoint.toString());
        assertEquals(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT, result.tokenEndpoint.toString());
        verify(mHttpConnection).connect();
    }

    @Test
    public void testFetchFromUrlWithoutName() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(TEST_JSON.getBytes());
        when(mHttpConnection.getInputStream()).thenReturn(is);
        doFetch();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        mPausedExecutorService.runAll();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration result = mCallback.config;
        assertNotNull(result);
        assertEquals(TEST_AUTH_ENDPOINT, result.authorizationEndpoint.toString());
        assertEquals(TEST_TOKEN_ENDPOINT, result.tokenEndpoint.toString());
        verify(mHttpConnection).connect();
    }

    @Test
    public void testFetchFromUrl_missingArgument() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(TEST_JSON_MISSING_ARGUMENT.getBytes());
        when(mHttpConnection.getInputStream()).thenReturn(is);
        doFetch();
        mPausedExecutorService.runAll();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        assertNotNull(mCallback.error);
        assertEquals(GeneralErrors.INVALID_DISCOVERY_DOCUMENT, mCallback.error);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFetchFromUrl_malformedJson() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(TEST_JSON_MALFORMED.getBytes());
        when(mHttpConnection.getInputStream()).thenReturn(is);
        doFetch();
        mPausedExecutorService.runAll();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        assertNotNull(mCallback.error);
        assertEquals(GeneralErrors.JSON_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, mCallback.error);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFetchFromUrl_IoException() throws Exception {
        IOException ex = new IOException();
        when(mHttpConnection.getInputStream()).thenThrow(ex);
        doFetch();
        mPausedExecutorService.runAll();
        shadowOf(getMainLooper()).idle();
        assertNotNull(mCallback.error);
        assertEquals(GeneralErrors.NETWORK_ERROR, mCallback.error);
    }

    private void doFetch() {
        AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.fetchFromUrl(
                TEST_DISCOVERY_URI,
                mCallback,
                mConnectionBuilder);
    }

    private static class RetrievalCallback implements
            AuthorizationServiceConfiguration.RetrieveConfigurationCallback {
        public AuthorizationServiceConfiguration config;
        public AuthorizationException error;

        @Override
        public void onFetchConfigurationCompleted(
                @Nullable AuthorizationServiceConfiguration serviceConfiguration,
                @Nullable AuthorizationException ex) {
            assertTrue((serviceConfiguration == null) ^ (ex == null));
            this.config = serviceConfiguration;
            this.error = ex;
        }
    }

    private static String toJson(List<String> strings) {
        return new JSONArray(strings).toString();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Creative juices are flowing in Meridian's new Art classroom! Guided by our wonderful Art Specialist, Ms. Marika, students are engaged in a variety of projects, exploring different mediums and making connections between Art, Science, Spanish, Global Studies and more. See a list of current projects below, and learn why our 1st graders think the Art room is such a special and important place at Meridian.
Kindergarteners just finished designing matchbook houses, modeled off of their own homes. These projects will be used to create a large display, integrating Kindergarten's Family Studies Unit, Global Studies, and Art.
First graders have been working on chameleons this week. Their project incorporates an important 1st Grade visual art standard, as they are using primary colors to create secondary colors. They first read the book A Color of His Own by Leo Lionni, and drew chameleons together. Next, students painted 3 sections of their chameleons with their 3 primary colors. The following class they used their own plate for mixing primary colors to create different shades of green, purple and orange. Simultaneously, 1st graders have been learning primary and secondary colors in Spanish class.
about the resources needed to sustain life on an island.
project, and fifth graders are finishing a Gustav Klimt inspired tree project. Next, they will create papier mâché pie and cake slices, based on the artist Claus Oldenburg and his oversized sculptures of everyday objects.
The art room is a really fun place! It's different this year because we have Ms. Marika, and our Art classroom is right next door instead of in a different building. Last year Art felt different than other specialists because it was in the other building. Now it feels more like home.
When we get to the Art room we sit on the rug, and the first thing we do is read a book about the activity we are doing that day. This week we made chameleons and dinosaurs using all different colors! In Art we get to use pencils, pens, sharpies, water paints, oil pastels, and more. We are looking forward to making planets out of paper mache.
Our favorite thing about Ms. Marika is the things she helps us create. Art makes us feel happy, and when we walk into the art room we are excited! Art is important because you don't know if you're an artist if you don't try, and it would be sad if you never learned that.
Our favorite part about art is painting because it is so fun…we're not quite sure why! Actually, our favorite part is all of it, because the Art Room is a great place to learn!


text:
Sergio P Ermotti
Sergio P Ermotti was appointed Group Chief Executive Officer in November 2011. He joined UBS and became a member of the GEB in April 2011 and was Chairman and CEO of UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa from April to November 2011. From 2007 to 2010, he was the Group Deputy Chief Executive Officer at UniCredit, Milan, and was responsible for the Corporate and Investment Banking as well as Private Banking strategic business areas.He joined UniCredit in 2005 as the Head of Markets and Investment Banking Division. Between 2001 and 2003, he worked at Merrill Lynch, and served as Co-Head of Global Equity Markets and as a member of the Executive Management Committee for Global Markets and Investment Banking. He egan his career with Merrill Lynch in 1987, and held various positions within equity derivatives and capital markets. Mr Ermotti is a Swiss-certified banking expert and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Oxford University.


text:
monthly retrospect
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – December
William O'Flaherty
This is the twelfth and final article in a series of reflections on C.S. Lewis by examining a variety of personal and public events that occurred over the years during his life and significant happenings (usually books published) since his death in 1963. None of Lewis's books were released for …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – November
This month marks the 50th anniversary date of Lewis's death. He died the same day John F. Kennedy was assassinated, November 22, 1963. It was also this month that Lewis was born in 1898. On November 29, 1954, his fifty-sixth birthday, he gave his inaugural lecture at Cambridge. Two more …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – October
Last month's installment reflecting on Lewis's life over the years showcased a period of enviable production. October, while not having as high of an output, would nevertheless be equally desirable for any other author to have accomplished over the span of an entire lifetime. The debut Narnia book arrived this …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – September
Calling the month of September an unusually productive period for C.S. Lewis would almost be like calling winter a cold season. Three of his Narnia books were published over the years this month, along with the first of his science fiction stories, his second poetry book and a landmark book …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – August
Significant happenings in C.S. Lewis's life during the month of August over the years include: the death of his mother, his radio debut, publication of the final science fiction work and the last radio series fives years before his own death. Florence Augusta Hamilton Lewis In the previous column it …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – July
Key events in the life of C.S. Lewis over the years for the month of July include: his most famous non-fiction work, a meditation from an unlikely place, inspiration for a devilish series of letters and the death of his wife. To call Mere Christianity a ground breaking book that …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – June
His most famous sermon, a brother's birthday, the first letter to a long-time friend and accepting a new teaching position highlight the month of June for C.S. Lewis. Lewis is known for his books as a children's author, Christian apologist and a literary critic. While there are those who are …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – May
The first Christian book, first academic title, last apologetic work and a Narnian prequel top the list of books published during Lewis's lifetime in the month of May. Two more books were also released after his death this month and his first claim to fame in the U.S. had its …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – April
During April, over the years, three books of letters from C.S. Lewis were posthumously released. Two books in the middle of series and more than a dozen talks or essays were first heard or became available this month as well. Not long after his death, on April 18, 1966, Letters …
Jack in Retrospect Monthly – March
The month of March in C.S. Lewis's life includes two "firsts" and two "finals." His first book ever published happen this month and the first book collection of essays also came out in March. As to finals, The Last Battle was released and the bulk of the last BBC radio …


The '09 Gewürztraminer has aromas of orange blossoms, citrus and banana. The light residual sugar gives a subtle honey introduction followed by an acidic balance enhanced with the slatey influence of our estate vineyards. Serve with turkey, pork or rich Asian and Indian foods.
Therersquo;s an intriguing spice that seems to grow right out of this winersquo;s cool, round fruit. Itrsquo;s lasting, but not perfumey mdash; balanced in the quince and citrus oil spectrum of flavors. For all its density of fruit, this is a small wine, well composed, delicious with pike quenelles.
This wine offers citrus mdash; orange, grapefruit mdash; and spice on the nose. On the palate, a sweeter array of apricot, tropical fruit and some lemon is buoyed by its minerality. A lusher style of Gewuuml;rtz that will pair well with spicy cuisine mdash; think Indian curries.
There is a certain knack to making great Gewurz, and Dr. Frank has it. This rsquo;99 is brimming with a spicy citrus blossom and rose-petal bouquet. Off-dry and surprizingly full-bodied, the flavors unfold to reveal strawberry, gooseberry, ande lemon peel, with a suggestion of bitterness on the finish. This is an excellent example of well-made Gewurz.
There's an intriguing spice that seems to grow right out of this wine's cool, round fruit. It's lasting, but not perfumey - balanced in the quince and citrus oil spectrum of flavors. For all its density of fruit, this is a small wine, well composed, delicious with pike quenelles.
Spicy, with an almost crunchy edge to the bright acidity, which carries delicious apple, fig, almond and orange zest notes. Stays delineated and mouthwatering on the finish. Drink now. Tasted twice, with consistent notes.
Bright and peachy, and seemingly just off-dry, with pine and litchi notes on the finish. Drink now.
There is a certain knack to making great Gewurz, and Dr. Frank has it. This '99 is brimming with a spicy citrus blossom and rose-petal bouquet. Off-dry and surprizingly full-bodied, the flavors unfold to reveal strawberry, gooseberry, ande lemon peel, with a suggestion of bitterness on the finish. This is an excellent example of well-made Gewurz.