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2016 Morey-St Denis Blanc, La Bidaude, Domaine Guyon
White | For laying down | Domaine Guyon | Code: 48795 | 2016 | France > Burgundy > Cote de Nuits > Morey-Saint-Denis | Chardonnay | Medium-Full Bodied, Dry | 13.5 % alcohol
This vineyard is above Clos de Tart, on soil similar to that of Chassagne-Montrachet. Aromas of citrus fruits combine with buttered toast. In the mouth, there is an impressive density of fruit which cedes to an intense, mineral freshness and lingering notes of struck-match reduction. Gorgeous! Drink 2020-2025.
Adam Bruntlett, Wine Buyer
This excellent domaine in Vosne-Romanée has flown under the radar – perhaps because Jean-Pierre Guyon spends so much of his time out in the vineyards, which have been farmed organically since 2006, certified from 2012. With his high-pedigree viticulture as a great starting point, Jean-Pierre can employ whole-bunch fermentation as the stalks are ripe, eschewing the use of sulphur at this stage, though some is added during élevage and at bottling to assure stability. Despite obvious frustration at the small volumes, Jean-Pierre Guyon is delighted with the quality of his 2016s. He describes it as a vintage of great Pinot Noir typicity, which will be greater than 2015, explaining that the wines' saline character will have you reaching for the next glass. As ever, the grapes here were picked a touch later than many estates to ensure the stems were fully ripe. He only bought six new barrels for the entire 2016 crop, so the proportion of new oak is reduced.
Domaine Guyon
The excellent Domaine Guyon in Vosne Romanée has been below most people's radar – perhaps because Jean-Pierre Guyon spends as much of his time as possible out in the vineyards, which have been farmed organically since 2006, certified from 2012. This is a hugely exciting addition to the Berry Bros. & Rudd range, the wines wowed Jasper Morris MW when he first discovered them. The wines are extraordinarily good, yet are priced very sensibly indeed, a winning combination.
With his high pedigree viticulture as a great starting point, Jean-Pierre can employ whole bunch fermentation as the stalks are ripe, eschewing the use of sulphur at this stage (though some is added later during elevage and at bottling to assure stability). Another point of Guyon's meticulous care is the use of a vertical press before the juice goes to barrel for 12 months, before racking into older wood for a final six months maturation.
This range of wines is hugely impressive, from the simple Bourgogne Rouge up to the Grand Crus. Finding high quality Vosne Romanée at this pricing level is a rare thing indeed.
Chardonnay is the "Big Daddy" of white wine grapes and one of the most widely planted in the world. It is suited to a wide variety of soils, though it excels in soils with a high limestone content as found in Champagne, Chablis, and the Côte D`Or.
Burgundy is Chardonnay's spiritual home and the best White Burgundies are dry, rich, honeyed wines with marvellous poise, elegance and balance. They are unquestionably the finest dry white wines in the world. Chardonnay plays a crucial role in the Champagne blend, providing structure and finesse, and is the sole grape in Blanc de Blancs.
It is quantitatively important in California and Australia, is widely planted in Chile and South Africa, and is the second most widely planted grape in New Zealand. In warm climates Chardonnay has a tendency to develop very high sugar levels during the final stages of ripening and this can occur at the expense of acidity. Late picking is a common problem and can result in blowsy and flabby wines that lack structure and definition.
Recently in the New World, we have seen a move towards more elegant, better- balanced and less oak-driven Chardonnays, and this is to be welcomed.
Morey is sometimes ignored between its two famous neighbours, Chambolle-Musigny and Gevrey-Chambertin, but its wines are of equal class, combining elegance and structure. Morey-St Denis, being that little bit less famous, can often provide excellent value.
The four main Grand Cru vineyards continue in a line from those of Gevrey-Chambertin, with Clos St Denis and Clos de la Roche the most widely available. Clos des Lambrays (almost) and Clos de Tart (entirely) are monopolies of the domains which bear the same names.
Domaine Dujac and Domaine Ponsot also make rare white wines in Morey-St Denis.
64 hectares of village Morey-St Denis
33 hectares of Premier Cru vineyards (20 in all). Best vineyards include Les Charmes, Les Millandes, Clos de la Bussière, Les Monts Luisants
40 hectares of Grand Cru vineyard. Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays, Clos de la Roche, Clos St Denis and a tiny part of Bonnes Mares
Recommended Producers: Dujac, Ponsot, Clos de Tart, Domaine des Lambrays


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The Plan of Guadalupe () was a political manifesto which was proclaimed on March 26, 1913, by the Governor of Coahuila Venustiano Carranza in response to the reactionary coup d'etat and execution of President Francisco I. Madero, which had occurred during the Ten Tragic Days of February 1913. The manifesto was released from the Hacienda De Guadalupe, which is where the Plan derives its name, nearly a month after the assassination of Madero. The initial plan was limited in scope, denouncing Victoriano Huerta's usurpation of power and advocating the restoration of a constitutional government. In 1914, Carranza issued "Additions to the Plan of Guadalupe", which broadened its scope and "endowed la Revolución with its social and economic content." In 1916, he further revised the Plan now that the Constitutionalist Army was victorious and revolutionaries sought changes to the 1857 Constitution of Mexico. Carranza sought to set the terms of the constitutional convention.

Background
Carranza was a dedicated supporter of fellow Coahuilan Francisco I. Madero. Huerta's "military dictatorship, notable for political corruption and rule by imprisonment and assassination" juxtaposed the formerly "liberal" government which he was appointed the minister of war in Madero's Revolutionary cabinet. Although there had been scattered rebellions against Huerta, there was no unified plan for the revolutionaries. Carranza was one of the most prominent and well-known opposers of Huerta: he was the then-sitting governor of the state of Coahuila. His plan initially united anti-Huerta forces in his home state, but other revolutionary groups signed onto it. "The plan became the official program of the northern revolutionaries. It was subscribed to by leading figures of the Mexican Revolution such as Pancho Villa, Álvaro Obregón, and Felipe Ángeles. One scholar has called the plan "oft-mentioned and highly overrated," but the plan did attract widespread support for the anti-Huerta coalition, despite its solely political demands.  In December 1914, Carranza issued "Additions to the Plan of Guadalupe", which directly addressed land reform and reforms to improve the lives of workers and peasants.

Description of the Plan
The Plan was divided into seven statements which aimed to repudiate the legitimacy of Huerta's government. The statements reject Huerta as president, including the legislative and judicial branches and any state supporting his administration. The plan designates the collective the northern revolutionary forces, the Constitutionalist Army. It was to be recognized as a legitimate military force, with Carranza as "First Chief" (Primer Jefe). This articulated Carranza's belief that "the only way the revolutionaries would ever be able to maintain themselves in power was by destroying the old federal army." The plan gave Carranza interim power over Executive Power until peace was restored and then call for new elections.

Text of the Plan

The text of the plan is brief and available online in Spanish.
Manifesto to the Nation:

Considering that General Victoriano Huerta, to whom the constitutional President Don Francisco I. Madero had trusted the defense of the institutions and legality of his Government, when siding with the enemies who rebelled against that same Government, to restore the latest dictatorship, committed the crime of treason to scale in power, arresting the President and Vice-president, as well as their Ministers, demanding of them by violent means to renounce their posts, which is verified by the messages that the same General Huerta sent to the Governors of the States communicating to them that he had taken prisoner the Supreme Magistrates of the Nation and their Cabinet. Considering that the Legislative and Judicial Powers in spite of the laws and constitutional rules have recognized and protected General Victoriano Huerta and his illegal and unpatriotic procedures, and considering, of having violated the sovereignty of those States, whose Governors should have been the first to not recognize him, the following subscribers, Chiefs and Officers commanding the constitutional forces, have agreed and will sustain with arms the following:

PLAN

 General Victoriano Huerta is not recognized as President of the Republic.
 The Legislative and Judicial Powers of the Federation are also not recognized.
 The Governments of the States that still recognize the Federal Powers that form the present Administration, are also not recognized thirty days after the publication of this Plan.
 For the organization of the army entrusted with fulfilling our intentions, we name as First Chief of the Army that will be denominated Constitutionalist, the citizen Venustiano Carranza, Governor of the State of Coahuila.
 When the Constitutionalist Army occupies Mexico City, the citizen Venustiano Carranza, First Chief of the Army, will be in interim charge of the Executive Power, or whoever would have substituted him in command.
 The interim president of the republic will call for general elections as soon as the peace has been consolidated, handing over power to the citizen who is elected.
 The citizen acting as First Chief of the Constitutionalist Army in the states whose governments have recognized that of Huerta, will assume command as provisional governor and will call for local elections, after having taken possession of their posts the citizens having been elected to carry out the powers of the federation, as called for by the previous rule.

March 26, 1913

Additions to the Plan, 12 December 1914
The initial plan was extremely narrow in scope, bringing together northern forces that defeated Huerta and gained U.S. backing against his regime. Carranza insisted on the narrowness of the plan, which did not include demands for socioeconomic reforms. In his time as First Chief, Carranza managed the northern revolutionary groups, but after Huerta was ousted and the Federal Army was dissolved, Constitutionalist General Pancho Villa broke with Carranza and allied with peasant revolutionary Emiliano Zapata, who had never adhered to the Plan of Guadalupe, having created the Plan of Ayala. Constitutionalist General Alvaro Obregón remained loyal to Carranza. Carranza issued amendments to the Plan of Guadalupe on 12 December 1914, which for the first time "promised agrarian and social reforms, legitimizing the efforts of his more radical supporters and undercuttting the popular  appeal of his enemies," By this time, the revolutionary forces that had been united against Huerta were poised for all-out civil war of the revolutionary winners. Zapata and Villa were much more radical than Carranza, so that to win over potential followers of those two, Carranza issued the Additions to the Plan of Guadalupe, signed by Carranza and his chief of staff, Adolfo de la Huerta.

Article 2 articulates the envisioned socioeconomic reforms.
 Article 2. The First Chief of the Revolution vested with Executive Power will expedite and put into effect during the struggle all the laws, dispositions and measures designed to give satisfaction to the economic, social, and political necessities, thus accomplishing the reforms which public opinion demands as indispensable for establishing the regime, which may guarantee the equality of Mexicans among themselves; [for promoting] agrarian laws which will favor the formation of small property by dissolving the big landholdings [latifundios] and restoring to the people the lands of which they were unjustly deprived; [for drafting] fiscal laws designed to secure an equitable system of taxation on real estate; [to design] legislation to improve the condition of the rural peasant, of the laborer, of the miner, and the working classes in general; [to secure] establishment of municipal liberty as a constitutional institution; [to provide] bases for a new system of organization of an Independent Judicial Branch, both in the Federation and in the States; [to order] revision of the laws relative to marriage and the civil state of persons; [to declare] dispositions which guarantee the strict fulfillment of the laws of the [Liberal] Reform, revision of the Civil, Criminal, and the Commercial codes; reforms of judicial procedure with the aim of expediting and making effective the administration of justice, revision of laws relative to the exploitation of mines, oil, water, timber, and the natural resources of the country, and to prevent this being done in the future; [to institute] reforms which may guarantee the faithful application of the Constitution of the Republic, and in general to provide laws which may be deemed necessary in order to assure to the inhabitants of the country the full and effective enjoyment of their rights and of equality before the law.

Article 3 lays out implementation of the reforms, with the "Chief of the Revolution" empower to use the Constitutionalist Army for that purpose, and conveys on him other sweeping powers.
 Article 3. In order to be able to continue the struggle and in order to be able to bring to accomplishment of the work of the reforms which are referred to in the preceding Article, the Chief of the Revolution is expressly authorized to convoke and to organize the Constitutionalist Army and to direct the operations of the campaign; [he is authorized] to name governors and military commanders of States and to remove them freely; he is also to make expropriations on grounds of public welfare which may be necessary for division of lands, the funding of towns, and other public services; [he is authorized] to contract loans and to issue notes on the National Treasury with indication of the properties which will guarantee them; he may also name and freely remove federal employees as well as those of the civil administration of States to make directly or through the Chiefs [jefes] which he may authorize the requisitions of lands, buildings, arms, horses, vehicles, provisions, and other necessities of war; and to establish military decorations and to decree recompense for services devoted to the Revolution.

Additions to the Plan, 14 September 1916
By September 1916, Villa had been defeated by Constitutionalist General Obregón and Zapata had returned to guerrilla warfare in Morelos. Carranza now looked to a constitutional convention to revise the 1857 Liberal Constitution. Carranza's "Decree Revising Certain Articles of the Plan of Guadalupe" updates the December 1914 additions to the original plan, reformulating articles 4, 5, and 6, in light of the Constitutionalist victory.  Article 4 now calls for a Constituent Congress, with himself as Chief of the Constitutionalist Army setting the time and place. It further stipulates the apportionment of representatives by states and territories and excludes anyone hostile to the Constitutionalist cause from being elected a delegate. In Article 5, Carranza states he will provide a draft of the revised Constitution to the delegates.  In Article 6, he mandates limiting discussion to the draft constitution.  He puts the delegates on a short timeline of two months to complete the revisions of the constitution.  In Article 7, he mandates the dissemination of the decree to all parts of the Republic.

Ship name
The former  was acquired by Mexico on 25 February 1922 and renamed the Plan de Guadalupe, serving until circa 1927.

See also
Mexican Revolution
Plans in Mexican history

References

External links
Text of the plan
 History of the plan
Further Information on Venustiano Carranza
Further Information on Victoriano Huerta

Mexican Revolution
Guadalupe
1913 in Mexico
1913 documents
1914 in Mexico
1916 in Mexico

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Mother, 2 children dead in NC apartment fire
By - The Washington Times - Saturday, March 14, 2009
CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) - A mother and two of her children died when fire swept through their apartment early Saturday, a fire official said.
The 37-year-old mother was pronounced dead at the scene and the two children, ages 13 and 2, died later at a hospital, Charlotte Fire Department Capt. Rob Brisley said.
He said the woman's 18-year-old son escaped the blaze unhurt and called 911. The first of three calls came in at 1:18 a.m. A fire engine arrived within two minutes, and firefighters pulled the mother and two children from the burning apartment.
"This family is devastated," Brisley told The Gaston Gazette newspaper. "We have a family of four here that has suffered a tragic situation. A fire incident like this early on has more questions than answers."
Brisley says a task force that includes police and fire investigators is seeking the fire's cause _ but he said early indications suggest it was an accident.
The names of the victims were not immediately released.
"The firefighters got here as quick as we could, however, the fire conditions were overwhelming even for an experienced firefighter," Brisley said. "When you're dealing with fire conditions like this, sometimes you can't get here quick enough."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: hibernate 4.3.5 with classmate on glassfish 4 typeresolver error I recently updated an app i'm working on from glassfish 3.1.2 to glassfish 4.0, and in the process updated my hibernate to 4.3.5.
after getting everything together, when i try to actually deploy my app and hit the front page, on the first database requests, i get errors like this:
WARNING: StandardWrapperValve[Jersey Web Application]: Servlet.service() for servlet Jersey Web Application threw exception
java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.fasterxml.classmate.TypeResolver.resolve(Ljava/lang/reflect/Type;[Ljava/lang/reflect/Type;)Lcom/fasterxml/classmate/ResolvedType;

I looked this error up on google and am unable to find anyone with a similar problem, and i'm wondering if i am doing something wrong with my annotations?   I am using entity manager, and persistence methods to annotate Entity beans as my method of db access, and it was working fine before the upgrade.   Unfortunatey, the documentation for fasterxml.classmate seems to have moved or disappeared, and i don't know if there is something i'm supposed to be doing to enable it to work properly.  Alternately, there may be something i need to change in the way things are set up that i'm unaware of....
Any help appreciated....has anyone seen something like this before?

A: I had similar issue. In my case solution was to add classmate-1.0.0.jar to classpath. Previously I had version 0.5.3 and it was not sufficient.

A: so apparently i had included hibernate's validator jar in my project, and although i had removed it, doing "clean" in eclipse failed to remove the jar from the deployed directory.   As i had not set up validation in any way, when i removed the jar, it caused me to stop getting this error.   I'm not sure how great of a solution that may be for anyone else, but it solved my problem, so i'm including the answer here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Katie Haywood has been promoted to first vice president in the St. Louis office of CBRE.
Haywood joined CBRE St. Louis in 2016 and immediately made an impact on CBRE's industrial practice, pushing the company to the top spot in industrial market share. In 2018 alone, she has been involved in more than 5 million square feet of industrial transactions, including a record 2-million-square-foot deal for the St. Louis market, the two new 1-million-square-foot buildings in Gateway Commerce Center.
Haywood is also responsible for filling the new construction that is rejuvenating Fenton Logistics Park, the site of the former Chrysler plant, and Aviator Business Park, the site of the former Ford Plant.
During her 13-year career, Haywood has specialized in representation for agency and occupier clients, as well as transaction management services for distribution centers, warehouses and manufacturing facilities, totaling more than 25 million square feet of transaction activity.


When you visit Da Nang on vacation or to work in short-term , you always want to know about the infrastructure such as hospitals, schools, supermarkets. Da Nang is a big city, the tourism industry is growing fast. Each year Da Nang attracts thousands of tourists and those staying in short-term. Where can you find list of hospitals,supermarkets and bookstores in Danang?
Danang Eye Hospital: 276/5 Nui Thanh St, Hoa Cuong Ward, Hai Chau District, Danang.
These are the most prestigious hospitals in Danang licensed by Da Nang Department of Health and have numerous experienced medical specialists as well as modern medical equipment to help diagnose diseases more quickly and exactly.
Big C Supermarket: 225-227 Hung Vuong District, Thanh Khe District. This is the first commercial center in Danang selling more than 40.000 ranges of goods to meet various demands of customers. The price suitable for most of customers. Products are divided into 5 groups such as: dried food, fresh food, garment, electrical household appliances and home decoration items.
Lotte Mart: located at 6 Nai Nam, Hoa Cuong Bac Ward, Hai Chau District, Danang. This is one of attractive center especially with Korean tourists selling variety range of goods. Besides, it has cinema, fast-food store with other delicious food stores.
Vincom: located at 910A Ngo Quyen st, Son Tra District. This is one of big active commercial center in Danang. It provides full range of goods from fashionable clothes to jewelries all over the world.
Danang Bookstore: 76-78 Bach Dang St, Hai Chau District. This is the biggest and oldest bookstore selling full range of rare and precious books.
Cam Le Bookstore: Located at 42 Ong Ich Duong St, Cam Le District. This bookstore can be found easily. This bookstore near many schools selling a large number of souvenirs, stationery goods, interesting gifts as well as books obviously classified.
Hoa Khanh Bookstore: located at 812 Ton Duc Thang St, Lien Chieu Ward. It is near numerous schools like primary schools, university…So you can easily find an interesting books or references for your study.
These information about list of hospitals, commercial centers, supermarkets, bookstores in Danang will help you be familiar with Danang. Wish you have an unforgettable trip in Danang !
How to find a local workout buddy ?
Overview about Danang city you need to know.


Arrested for drunk driving outside of Florida?
Just because you were arrested for DUI outside of Florida does not mean that your actions will not have consequences when you return home. Many individuals are charged with driving under the influence (DUI) while on vacation or attending to business in another state. When this happens, they must not only undergo the criminal procedure of the state in which they were arrested, but they must also suffer from license suspension the moment they return to Florida. Florida is one of many states under the Driver's License Compact, which requires all states in the compact to report traffic violations to the motorist's home state so that they can impose their administrative license suspension when the individual returns.
Parks & Braxton, PA can provide the support and aggressive defense that you need to avoid the compounded penalties of an out-of-state DUI. We will work tirelessly to obtain a satisfactory verdict or to have your case dismissed altogether and can fight to protect you from license suspension.
Your initial case evaluation with our firm is absolutely free, so you have nothing to lose by speaking with one of our Jacksonville DUI attorneys right away. We are dedicated to DUI defense and have come to be one of the most successful DUI defense firms in the area, with thousands of cases handled successfully and hundreds of trials won.
Contact our firm as soon as possible to get started on your defense.


Welcome to our first edition of 'the lowdown' for our winter season.
The lowdown is a quick way to keep you up to date with all the latest action, picking some top highlights from the past week or two of action. We also provide lots of useful information as we go through the season so keep your eyes peeled.
Our match of the week goes to a great three set battle over in our Sydney North Shore Tennis League.
Jeff Wu (pictured, below) battled out an epic match with Oz Tennis Leagues newcomer Tim Wheeler (pictured, above). Jeff started the match strongly winning the first set 7-5, but Tim came right back into it taking the second 6-2 and sealing the victory with a 6-4 third set.
Brilliant start to the season both!
Our player of the week award goes to Patrick Scallan. Patrick kicked off the season in style, playing 3 matches in the first seven days!
Patrick played three, and despite not winning one came mighty close a couple of times, especially in his final game of the week vs Anthony Densmore. Patrick won the first set 7-5, but Anthony turned the tables to take the next two 6-3, 6-1. Despite not winning a match, Patrick finds himself top of the Parramatta Tennis League with 6 points (including a couple of bonus points for playing 3 matches before the half-way stage). As well as this, every opponent he has played has said great things about their games.
1) Be pro-active. Everyone who has signed up is keen to play tennis. Get in touch with at least 2 or 3 players using our private messaging platform or click on a player's profile to find their email address and phone number.
2) Check out your opponents preferred tennis courts, days and times by clicking on their profile. This will give you a quick insight into when and where they'd ideally like to play. Don't forget, all players need to be a little flexible.
3) Offer specific dates, times and courts that you can do. Take the initiative, if your opponent can't make any of your suggestions, they can always offer alternatives.
4) Text, WhatsApp or call. A quick call is always likely to be the quickest way to arrange your match.
Q&A – Player not responding?
At Oz Tennis Leagues we're all about getting people on the court. That's our sole aim. Therefore we can appreciate it can be frustrating if a player doesn't respond and falls into a black hole when you're trying to organise a game.
If a player doesn't respond to your original message, try giving them a text or a phone call. If this doesn't work, please let us know and we will contact the player. If a player continually doesn't respond we will withdraw them from the league as we are really keen to keep our leagues full of pro-active, sociable, fun tennis players.
Some amazing match notes that highlight the Oz Tennis Leagues spirit 🙂 Keep them coming!
Enjoy week two of our winter season. Any questions please just get in contact, we're here to help.


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Self-Experiment with applied Source Code Meditation to improve athletic readiness to perform
With this experiment, I would like to measure and explore the health benefits of Source Code Meditation. This will be an intellectual observation of the changes occurring within my cardiovascular health.
Years of research have shown that heightened cardiovascular reactivity and delayed recovery to acute stressors are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk (Steptoe and Marmot, 2005). Decades of research has linked high job strain to anxiety and depression, increased blood pressure (BP), cardiovascular events, and metabolic syndrome (Chandola et al., 2006).
There are numerous plausible biological pathways linking stress to cardiovascular disease, with most of the current evidence pointing to stress-related changes in the immune, autonomic, and neuroendocrine systems. I will be using this experiment to attempt to show heart health benefits made possible by salutogenesis. Salutogenesis, the origin of health, is a stress resource orientated concept, which focuses on resources, maintains and improves the movement towards health(1). It gives the answer why people despite stressful situations and hardships stay well. The theory can be applied at an individual, a group, and a societal level. It is the opposite of the pathogenic concept where the focus is on the obstacles and deficits. According to Antonovsky, health was seen as a movement in a continuum on an axis between total ill health (dis-ease) and total health (ease)[2]. The ability to comprehend the whole situation and the capacity to use the resources available was called sense of coherence (SOC). This capacity was a combination of peoples' ability to assess and understand the situation they were in, to find a meaning to move in a health promoting direction, also having the capacity to do so—that is, comprehensibility, meaningfulness, and the manageability, to use Antonovsky's own terms(1). The brain networks that control stress-induced changes in these peripheral systems have also been identified, and can be described as the systems related to threat processing, safety processing, and social cognition (2). This is exactly why Source Code Meditation is essential to leading humanity in the next step of physiological evolutionary processes.
In this experiment, stressful events(High Intensity Interval Training) caused stress responses that involve activation of physiologic systems. In the short term, mobilizing physiological salutogenesis to respond to a discrete event or threat is adaptive. In the long term, however, Source Code Meditation will help humanity to become infrangible.
The "wear and tear" hypothesis is theoretically compelling, but currently lacks definitive empirical support. This is because we do not currently have data that demonstrates how Source Code Meditation uses multiple physiological systems to help humans with evolving and transcending their own realities. Other potential pathways could include stress-related changes in endothelial function, elevated chronic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, changes in DNA repair, changes in gene expression, and telomere shortening. These are all exciting areas of research, some of which fit in to the "wear and tear" hypothesis and others that suggest alternate processes. These pathways are relevant for numerous chronic diseases beyond cardiovascular disease.
Because of this common thread, chronic systemic inflammation has become a recent focus of health research. Stress exposure has been examined extensively as a predictor of increased systemic inflammation. Indeed, elevated systemic inflammation has been found in those experiencing chronic stress like caregivers, immediately after a stressful life event like death of a loved one, historical stress like childhood adversity, daily stress, and in response to lab-based stress tasks. A short-term inflammatory response to stress is thought to be adaptive because it involves recruiting immune cells to the site of a real or potential injury in order to heal wounds resulting from stressor exposure(3). However, when there is no wound to heal, as is the case with psychosocial stressor exposure, repeated or exaggerated inflammatory responses may cause long-term damage and contribute to disease processes. Salutogenesis may be the perfect physiological combatant to chronic stress and inflammation. I would love to continue to experiment with Source Code Meditational research to explore this idea over time.
Hypothesis:
In the trials where the Source Code Meditation method of breathing is utilized, I will see huge benefits in HRV score. General heart rate will decrease immensely faster in trials where the meditation was utilized to recover from the high intensity exercise.
Polar Pulse Chest-strapped heart rate monitor
a free app named "Elite HRV" to record Heart Data
a space to workout
two dumbbells with moderate to lightweight
weighted vest or book bag
Procedure and Variables
I will measure and compare my heart rate and heart rate variability using a Polar Pulse Chest strap to record a snapshot reading before exercise. Then I will record an open reading of heart data after performing High Intensity Interval Training. Each training session will be an hour long. During the live reading of heart data, I will be generally measuring and looking for how long it takes to bring my heart rate down to a level close to the initial reading of heart rate before exercise. Each day will be followed by specific procedures set by that day, so check back in to procedures regularly.
I will be mindful of the Heart rate variability score to show athletic readiness to perform varies throughout the recovery period after. With this said, I will have a control experiment where I don't use aspects of the SCM meditation, and an experimental part where I do use SCM techniques to assist in heart readiness. I will be measuring and performing in a fasted state to ensure that less variables affect my overall results.
I will also perform my trials on different days to ensure that heart data is not skewed. I have been working out with High Intensity Interval Training regularly, so this experiment should be considered for correlation in other athletes as well.
Take an Open Snapshot Reading using the free app listed in materials while wearing the heart rate monitor:
In this part, first ensure that strap is connected to the Elite HRV app using Bluetooth.
Take a minute long snapshot average of your heart rate data- heart rate variability, average heart rate for the minute.
Then, perform workout with Polar Pulse heart rate monitor
Note: Starting with Day 1 do workout 1, but switch off workouts between 1 and 2 for each day following.
Workout 1
500 jump ropes without weighted vest
15 hammer curls on each with 65% of one rep max curl weight (I used 30lb dumbbells)
200 toe touches on a ball or elevated surface just about 8 inches off the ground
333 jump ropes with weighted vest or book bag filled with weight equivalent to
15 one dumbbell goblet squats at 65% pf estimated max weight (I used a 55lb. dumbbell)
Repeat for 3 sets
333 jump ropes with weighted vest on
15 one dumbbell goblet squats at 65% of estimated max weight
15 hammer curls on each with 65% of one rep max curl weight
Aspects of SCM breath used for experimental trials
Note: This is not the exact Source Code Meditation, but it is very similar to it, with foundational aspects being incorporated into the routine from the SCM base routine itself.
As you inhale, through you nose and out your nose, lightly press you tongue to the roof of your mouth with a light pressure along the entire surface area of the tongue. Hold your breath while you suction and swallow the extra saliva to the ensure that the air stays in the lung chambers
As you are inhaling, also contract the muscle that you can feel when you need to stop yourself from peeing: which are your PC muscles.
After you fully inhale, fully contract your core outward like Santa's belly as you close your mouth and elevate your chest and open your arms in a supinated position, towards the space directly above you. (Overtime, this should seem fluid and effortless) Gently Center your eyes while their closed into your forehead.
Exhale the breath through the nose and/or mouth while sucking in the stomach and lowering the chest, with hands in a non-supinated position.
Inhale the breath into the lower part of the pelvic floor, while intensifying the connection with those pelvic muscles mentioned earlier.
Exhale the same as step for, but elevate your chest back up.
Repeat steps 1-6 for 33 breaths going from lower to upper areas, alternating.
Hold the breath on the inhale for the 34th breath for 30 seconds with discipline. Be mindful that there will be specific areas in the body that seem to have discomfort. Observe them and focus on them.
On the exhale of the last breath, you will want to release all holds and empty out the air fully. Every last bit of CO2 should be pushed out of the body, just as you would exhale through an imaginary straw. Your body will automatically start to create vacuums of consciousness, which will replicate that consciousness throughout your entire being. As you embrace the letting go of the toxic CO2, hold that moment for as long as possible.
Repeat this 3 times and observe what happens to the live open heart data reading on the app.
Note: Make sure to keep count because it is an essential part of the discipline and focus of the practice. Your subconscious heals with you, in massive action. ❣
Day 1: DATA collection- Open Heart Reading with meditation for baseline trial while utilizing SCM
Record a trial of the baseline experimental which will be the first trial recorded utilizing aspects of the SCM breath base technique in a seated position for applicability in an athletic environment (e.g. taking a rest from athletic competition for a small break on the bench)
Then, rest for the day.
Day 2: The Control Experiment
Record a trial of the control experiment which will be the first trial recorded without utilizing aspects of the SCM breath base technique. However, remain in a seated position for applicability in an athletic environment
Day 3: Trial for Comparison and Validity
Record another trial for added validity and data to make accurate analysis. Utilize aspects of the SCM breath base technique in a seated position for applicability in an athletic environment (e.g. taking a rest from athletic competition for a small break on the bench)
WAIT an hour after exercise has finished.
Record another trial for added validity and data to make accurate analysis. Utilize aspects of the SCM breath base technique in a seated position in applicability in an athletic environment (e.g. taking a rest from athletic competition for a small break on the bench).
Day 1: Data collection- Open Heart Reading with Meditation For Baseline
At the beginning of exercise, heart rate was an average of 80 bpm and HRV was at 62. At about a minute and a half into the breathing meditation practice, heart rate dropped down to around 75 from 160 beats per minute. At that point my HRV shot up to around 70 and stood there for half a minute. After that, HRV dropped down to around the 50s and stood in that range for around 2 more minutes. At around minute 3:30, heart rate fluctuated in three even intervals between 150 bpm- 65 bpm. This lasted for 30 seconds before leveling out at around 115 bpm. At around minute 11:30, I got heart rate up to a whopping 195 beats per minute before getting it down to around 75 bpm. At this interval, HRV rose up to around a 70 and stood there for 10 seconds. Overall, I got my heart rate down to sustainable levels at around 13 minutes, while HRV scores suggest that I was completely ready to perform.
At the beginning of exercise, heart rate was an average of 83 bpm and HRV was at 52. Up until minute 5 my HRV score stood around a 30. At minute 5 it got up to a 42. Heart rate stood in the 110-150 beats per minute range up until minute 19, following the hour of intense exercise. After that heart rate dropped down to a safe 80-90 beats per minute range, but HRV stood below 30.
At the beginning of exercise, heart rate was an average of 71 bpm and HRV was at 64. At minute 1 following exercise, heart rate got up to around 155 then dropped down in a matter of seconds to around 88 bpm. At this moment HRV data shot up to a score of 63 and stood in that range for 30 seconds. At minute 3:30, my heart rate went from 168 down to a whopping 73 in a matter of 10 seconds. Then, as the heart rate began to fluctuate in at even intervals, I saw that it lowered itself extremely quickly between 115-99 beats per minute. HRV score reached a peak of 80 at minute 4. At around minute 4:20, heart rate shot down to 73 again before pushing my HRV into a range of 40-75. Heart rate then calmed down.
At the beginning of exercise, heart rate was an average of 68 bpm and HRV was at 61. At the one minute mark following the workout, my heart rate dipped down to about 93 after being in early and mid 100s leading up to minute 1. In addition, at the same point my HRV score shot up to above 60 from 30in an instant. That score held up for about 30 seconds, then dropped back down. My HRV reached around 78 at minute 3 after starting the SCM breathwork. As the intervals began to widen in magnitude, I saw a fluctuation in heart rate from ranges 115 bpm- 70 bpm for about a minute. During that interval in time, HRV scores fluctuated from ranges 55-70. In the last interval of time that I will refer to for this day, I saw the same fluctuation in heart rate around minute 5:45 (which was around 70 bpm-115 bpm ranges). Right after, my heart rate rose up to 135 bpm and gradually dropped down in equal magnitudes to a 90 bpm heart beat range in about 2 minutes. My HRV score stood between a range of 50-60.
At the end of exercise, heart rate was an average of 89 bpm and HRV was at 54. In this session, I didn't perform the breath immediately after due to uncontrollable circumstances. However, I wanted to see how high I could get my HRV score after re-stabilizing my heart rate. Between 4:30-5:00, my heart rate fluctuated between 100 bpm and 64 bpm in a perfectly coherent frequency. At that same time, my HRV rose up to a range of 65-75 for 30 seconds. Leading up to minute 4, My HRV dipped downward and my heart rate dipped downward into the 60s.
Utilizing Source Code Meditation to affect heart health has shown clear evidence to support my hypothesis that HRV would be generally higher. In addition, my heart rate lowered back down faster in those trials as well. Most of the time, when my heart rate fluctuated in equal intervals after peaking at a high level, my HRV score surged up by a considerable amount. In the results, you can clearly see higher HRV scores throughout the entire duration of the trials where I did utilize Source Code Meditation's techniques. That means that with those trials, I was able to induce a physiological response that allowed me to be ready to perform. The final trial that I did showed me that without a high starting heart rate, I was able to elevate my HRV score extremely easily. This leads me to believe that practicing the techniques before exercise could help me to be more ready to perform during the workout.
Research on Variability in exposures and responses
Despite stress exposure being an inevitable part of life, not everyone develops stress-related illnesses at the same speed. One primary reason for this is that stress exposures are not distributed evenly across social groups. Women, young adults, members of racial-ethnic minority groups, divorced and widowed persons, and poor and working-class individuals report greater chronic stress and cumulative stress exposure across their lives (3). In addition, research has demonstrated that both psychological and physiological stress responses vary remarkably within and between people. Individual-level differences and environmental aspects interact to influence the psychological and physiological stress response outcome. These include socioeconomic and cultural factors, genetic and developmental factors, historical and current stressors, stable protective factors, and health behaviors(3). Life Codes and Shadow Energy are used in separate Summits of the 9 Summits of Transformation that work to fuel our higher brain activity to progress, express, and expand our Authentic Selves towards the Unitarian State. The Shadow Energy serves us as rocket fuel by loosening the grips to our lower brain. The exercise works by shifting focus to recognizing thoughts, feelings, and beliefs that arise. The Life Codes serves our expansion towards the Transcendent Self by choosing higher brain physiology. I would love to do another experiment recording brain wave activity and heart activity to prove the efficacy of using the Life Codes meditation to reach specific goals in the different dimensions.
If you'd like to learn more about Life Codes, check out my blog: Life Codes and Salutogenesis: The Most Revolutionary Meditational Practice of Source Code Meditation
We see this with training for muscular hypertrophy, muscular endurance and anaerobic fitness in particular, where there is a greater demand for the cardiovascular system to remove the accumulation of waste products (CO2 and lactate). During these types of training heart rates rise and peak at the end of each work period/set. The peaks will be larger for training oriented on muscular endurance and anaerobic fitness (longer work periods and less recovery time between each work period/set). As there is less recovery time between work periods/sets with muscular endurance and anaerobic fitness training, heart rates tend to rise incrementally throughout the workout as well as having peaks at the end of each set. Because of this it takes longer (20-40 minutes) for heart rate and stroke volume to return to normal resting levels at the end of the workout. This is due to a greater demand placed on the cardiovascular system to shunt greater quantities of blood out of working muscles, return blood to the vital organs and clear the accumulation of waste products (lactate & CO2)[3].
This prolonged elevation of heart rate post exercise is known as 'EPOC' (excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption). Heart rates essentially stay elevated for longer after these types of training in order to metabolize the lactate that has accumulated and return the body to homeostasis. My hypothesis is that Source Code Meditation indirectly combats EPOC by working with the heart to contract and expand blood vessels throughout the body. From what I've been able to see from the data is that when utilizing the breathing techniques, I was able bring my heart rate down to lower levels while subsequently raising my Heart rate variability. This was accomplished 10 minutes faster in comparison to when measuring my heart health without utilizing the techniques, on a different day.
Empirical evidence supports a strong relationship between psychological stress and disease development. These studies may be underestimating the impact of stressor exposure and the stress response on health, given that measuring these constructs has been challenging and limited. Recent work in the stress field has identified important aspects of psychological stress to capture in order to fully test the role that psychological stress plays in predicting disease; these include capturing the specific type of stressor exposure, a wide range of psychological, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological responses to the exposure, and contextual and individual-level factors that moderate the impact of the exposure and response(2). The ultimate goal of having complex research on the relationship between stress, health, and well-being is to develop evidence-based ways to help people thrive in our stress-filled world.
The "wear and tear" hypothesis is theoretically compelling, but currently lacks definitive empirical support. This is because we do not currently have data that demonstrates how Source Code Meditation uses multiple physiological systems to help humans with evolving and transcending their own realities. Other potential pathways could include stress-related changes in endothelial function, elevated chronic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, changes in DNA repair, changes in gene expression, and telomere shortening. These pathways are similar to chronic diseases beyond cardiovascular disease.
Associations between stress and immune system functioning are especially relevant given that the major diseases of aging in the United States that can be healed through the immune system(3). The top three leading causes of death in the United States—cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory disease—all share the common thread of being characterized by elevated chronic inflammation(3).
Chronic systemic inflammation has become a recent focus of health research. Stress exposure has been examined extensively as a predictor of increased systemic inflammation. Indeed, elevated systemic inflammation has been found in those experiencing chronic stress like caregivers, immediately after a stressful life event like death of a loved one, historical stress like childhood adversity, daily stress , and in response to lab-based stress tasks. A short-term response to stress is thought to be adaptive because it involves recruiting immune cells to the site of a real or potential injury in order to heal wounds resulting from stressor exposure. However, when there is no wound to heal, as is the case with psychosocial stressor exposure, repeated or exaggerated inflammatory responses may cause long-term damage and contribute to disease processes(2).
The Emotional Importance of Stress Related Subjective Research
Other non-acute stress states, such as feeling excited, focusing attention on non-negative affect inducing stimuli, or exercising, also trigger biological responses that are similar to those evoked by negative affect inducing acute stressors like increased heart rate and blood pressure. This is even true for what is often termed the "stress hormone," cortisol—not all cortisol increases are triggered by increases in psychological stress responses, nor does every experience that people perceive as "stressful" cause cortisol to rise (Dickerson and Kemeny, 2004). Therefore, biomarkers should not replace self-report, behavioral, and cognitive outcomes as primary outcomes in psychosocial intervention trials aimed at reducing stress or related goals. In a new experiment, I could focus on collecting qualitative data regarding the wellbeing that the meditation brings because some people value how they feel more than any biomarkers that I can measure. Overall, the experiment was a success.
References-
Antonovsky A . Health, stress and coping. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1979.Google Scholar
Antonovsky A . Unraveling the mystery of health. How people manage stress and stay well. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1987.
1. Health Psychol Open. 2020 Jul-Dec; 7(2): 2055102920933072. Published online 2020 Jul 8. doi: 10.1177/2055102920933072 PMCID: PMC7359652. PMID: 32704379. Alexandra D Crosswell and Kimberly G Lockwood. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA. Alexandra D Crosswell, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. Email: ude.fscu@llewssorC.ardnaxelA Copyright © The Author(s) 2020
Time Log of Internship
Judson University – Department of Exercise and Sport Science
Source Code Meditation Internship Journal 7 Reflection
I have had an amazing journey learning and documenting
Life Codes and Salutogenesis: The Most Revolutionary Meditational Practice of Source Code Meditation
Earlier, I showed how all 4 dimensions are tied
Uncovering the Solution to the Global Financial Crisis, Energy Solutions Surrounding Interledger Protocol Family: utility-based cryptocurrencies aimed at reducing friction in global financial payments
Above is a picture taken from a YouTube video
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Want to increase watch time of your YouTube videos? Try our YouTube video marketing & optimization tips to increase watch time for better YouTube rankings. Must Read!
One of the most important goals of any avid YouTuber is – increasing the watch time of their videos. Watch-Time is nothing but the amount of time spent by users on a YouTube video. It is the number one ranking factor that affects your video and decides the success of your YouTube channel.
The YouTube search algorithm works in such a way that videos which keep viewers hooked till the very end tend to rank much higher in search results, thus resulting in higher CPMs. And with YouTube's newly released YouTube Red Subscription service, watch time is more important than ever. Income that a channel gets from YouTube Red will be devided based on watch time, not views. According to YouTube, the creators'income from ad-free playback of videos on YouTube red will be determined by the watch time. So, longer a viewer watches your videos, higher your revenues will be.
By analyzing the Audience Retention graph, you can find out at what point of time the audience is dropping off from the video. For instance, in the image below you can see that majority of the audience is dropping off at the beginning of the video (between 0 and 45 seconds) and at around 3 minute 44 seconds.
– The title and thumbnail of the video must be misleading. People are landing on the video and dropping off right at the beginning after realizing that they aren't seeing what they wanted to.
– At around 3:44 people are losing interest in the video. You can tackle this issue by adding an annotation to a related video or another playlist of your channel.
Be creative with your thumbnails as much as possible. Make your thumbnails stand out from the crowd by breaking the clutter. Design your Thumbnail in such a way as to arouse the curiosity of the viewers and force them into thinking about what that video could be about or how it ended. Here, you could use a freeze snap from your video which is highly dynamic and rates high on visual delight.
Say you got a channel on adventure sports and feature a video on bungee jumping then it will be but obvious to choose a snap cut from the "Jumping"-motion. So in the process, the viewer might as well get hooked on to see till the end of the video. All in all, make the thumbnails click –happy!
Note: Don't use an unrelated yet attractive thumbnail just to get clicks. You might get a lot of clicks, but just like in the example shown above, you will see a major drop off right at the beginning of the video affecting the watch time.
Hey well, just so you know, it's no crime to bribe Your Audience with a little extra. Make important and special announcements like offers about some product or news about your next video right at the beginning of the video in order to hook the audience right at the start. Remember the first 15 seconds of the videos are very crucial as maximum audience drops off during this period.
Apart from this if you are doing a How –To-Series , then you could very well put in snippets of your past and future videos through creative annotations right at the beginning or at the end of the video to maximise on the length of your video. Hence, You should be able to promote your 'other' videos through your end cards.
The boost in clicks will automatically be picked up by the YouTube algorithm which will start showing your videos on other search related suggestions as well. Thus, playlists can also indirectly help increase the visibility of your videos.
Yeah, that's right, barring certain content where time consumption is inevitable, you can always snip and craft your content which is short and simple. Yes, time for a quickie. This is mainly because YouTube consumption on mobile is picking up pace rapidly and most consumers would not want to exhaust their precious data on a 10-minute long video. They would rather watch a 1 -3-minute video which consumes less of the data comparatively.
Besides these main pointers, there are a few other ideas that can help increase the watch time.
Keep the audience informed: Sometimes, requesting your viewers to stick around for some more time actually works! If you're planning to cover multiple topics in a single video, let the viewers know what what to expect. If you're planning something exciting for the end of the video, let the viewers know or at least give them a hint.
Keep the beginnings short and sweet: A video that starts with a lot of explanation/introduction is a strict no-no. The attention spans of the users these days is short and they can get bored easily. Long winded introductions or irrelevant content should to be trimmed.
Be creative: Introduce an ending ritual which keeps changing with every video just to add a dash of fun element in all your videos. Loyal subscribers will start waiting for these fun endings.
One of the best ways to increase the watch time of your videos is to build a loyal fan following. Loyal subscribers will always watch your videos for a higher duration than the others. And Vidooly can be a great tool to build fan engagement.
Subrat is the CEO and co-founder at Vidooly. A passionate Entrepreneur by heart, he oversees the product and marketing strategy at Vidooly.


text:
Strelitzia reginae, commonly known as the crane flower, bird of paradise, or  in Nguni, is a species of flowering plant indigenous to South Africa. An evergreen perennial, it is widely cultivated for its dramatic flowers. In temperate areas it is a popular houseplant.

Taxonomy
Joseph Banks described the species in 1788. The specific epithet reginae means "of the queen", and commemorates the British queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, wife of George III. Common names such as "crane flower" and "bird of paradise" reference the open flower's resemblance to the head and beak of a colourful exotic bird.

A new subspecies was discovered growing alongside the Mzimvubu River in South Africa's Eastern Cape in 2002. When wild-collected plants began to flower in the greenhouse at Kirstenbosch, they were noted to have white, rather than the typical blue inner petals. They also had a shorter stigma ( vs. ) and subtle differences of the leaves. The new subspecies is called Strelitzia reginae subsp. mzimvubuensis.

Genetic analysis reveals Strelitzia juncea has been shown to be genetically nested within S. reginae. It is possibly a mutation that is in the process of speciating.

Description

The plant grows to  tall, with large, strong leaves  long and  broad, produced on petioles up to  long. The leaves are evergreen and arranged in two ranks, making a fan-shaped crown. The flowers stand above the foliage at the tips of long stalks. The hard, beak-like sheath from which the flower emerges is termed the spathe. This is placed perpendicular to the stem, which gives it the appearance of a bird's head and beak; it makes a durable perch for holding the sunbirds which pollinate the flowers. The flowers, which emerge one at a time from the spathe, consist of three orange sepals and three purplish-blue or white petals. Two of the petals are joined together to form an arrow-like nectary. When the sunbirds sit to drink the nectar, the third petal opens to release the anther and cover their feet in pollen.

Cultivation and uses
Strelitzia reginae is very popular as an ornamental plant. It was first introduced to Britain in 1773, when it was grown at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Since then, it has been widely introduced around the world, including the Americas and Australia, growing well in any area that is sunny and warm. In the United States, Florida and California are the main areas of cultivation, due to their warm climate. It is a common ornamental plant in Southern California, and has been chosen as the Official Flower of the City of Los Angeles.

In areas with cold winters it is normally grown under glass, in a cool sunny position such as a greenhouse or conservatory, as it tolerates only light frosts and does not grow well in temperatures below . However it may be placed outside during the summer months. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

It is a low-maintenance plant that is easy to grow in the garden; it is fairly tolerant of soil conditions and needs little water once established. If cared for well, they will flower several times in a year. They will thrive in rich loamy soil, especially when they get plenty of water throughout the year. They do well in full sun to semi-shade and respond well to regular feeding with a controlled release fertiliser and compost. They are sensitive to cold and need to be sheltered from frost, as it can damage the flowers and leaves.

S. reginae is propagated by seed or division. Seedlings are slow-growing and will not bloom for three to five years, though it can exceptionally flower at two years. It flowers only when properly established and division of the plant may affect flowering patterns. The flowers are, however, quite long-lasting once they appear. Peak flowering is in the winter and early spring. There is a yellow-flowered cultivar of this plant known as 'Mandela's Gold'.

Allergenicity
Bird-of-paradise plants have an OPALS allergy scale rating of 1, and are considered "allergy-fighting"; they produce no airborne pollen.

Gallery

References

External links

Catalogue of Life
EcoPort
Encyclopedia of Life
EPPO Global Database
FloriData
GBIF
iNaturalist
ITIS
Global Biotic Interactions
Missouri Botanical Garden
Plants of the World Online
PlantZAfrica
SF Botanical Garden
University of Florida EDIS

Strelitziaceae
Flora of the Cape Provinces
Flora of KwaZulu-Natal
Plants described in 1789
Taxa named by Joseph Banks
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz


Grande Hotel, Beira, Mozambique. In one of the grandest hotels in the world, born of and to luxury, today you enter 'at own risk'. More than 2500 people live there without water or electricity. They have taken possession of the building and manipulated not only the stones but also the dreams. A journey through present and past of a city in a city; a story about colonial megalomania, revolutionary vanity and feeling at home.
Berta still doesn't feel at home in Portugal, even after 33 years. As a 'real – but white - Mozambican', she feels she's on holiday in someone else's house.
Her musings take us to her real 'home': the city of Beira. Here resides the Grande Hotel, the symbol of the troubled history of Mozambique, an eyewitness to colonialism, old years eve parties, honeymoons, a revolutionary and a civil war.
This megalomaneous pride and joy of the colonial regime, built in 1955, was doomed to fail. Dream and reality were too far apart. This monster of 12 000 square metres only had 110 extremely luxury rooms. It could not pay off.
60 years later, it is the home of more than 2500 'permanent' guests. Nothing is what it was. Only the skeletal remains. Today decorated in a completely different way. Everything that could be converted for housing is used. The state of the hotel today raises questions.
We get to know the reality of today through Moises and Lapiston, two good friends with an equally turbulent life as the city in the city in which they live. Moises worked his way up in the hierarchy of the internal social organization and therefore knows the Grande Hotel's goings by heart. The residents have few contact with the outside world and form an - to avoid - enclave.
Gradually the coloured past of the hotel and thus of Mozambique, seeps in. Archive footage but also the anecdotal stories of 'ghosts from the past' we hear on images of the hotel today, bring the paradox to life. They tell us how this empty building got populated during the civil war and the major floods in Mozambique. They unveil the revolutionary history of this country and the traces it left behind at the hotel.
We meet Dilat, one of the first 'occupiers'. The hotel was in perfect condition, including furniture, when he arrived 31 years ago. Slowly but surely, it was dismantled and the material sold. A way to survive. Today, they sell the stones, the only things left... We see the impending danger. The hotel now appears to be a last 'home'. Their own little corner in this world is crumbling. No one intervenes; a solution is not a political priority.
But besides destruction there is also construction, and therefore hope. Moises helped to build the new mosque and barbershop in the hotel complex. And together with his wife Eliza, he runs a small shop. Every character has its own survival strategy: Dilat dismantles, Moises builds and Berta lives on her memories.
But what has to become of all these people, trapped in their current situation? The dreams and wishes of the protagonists for their future alternate with what the ghosts have in mind for the building: from a controlled implosion, a glorious state museum to a university of the people.


Updating my wedding photos of all the weddings I have officiated since 2006. The old one didn't have enough pages in it so am using this one. I have a wedding to officiate in November and one booked for next year!


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Under Pressure: The Warning Signs of Student Newspaper Censorship
In his concurring opinion in New York Times Co. v. United States (1971), Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black wrote that purpose of the press is "to serve the governed, not the governors." So, too, is the purpose of the student press to serve the university's constituents, not the university.
Student journalists play a vital role in their communities, often serving as a check on their academic institutions or finding stories that might escape other members of the media, especially as local news outlets struggle to stay open. Examples abound from 2019 alone. In September, the University of Georgia's The Red & Black conducted an investigation based on an open records request that uncovered a massive "lack of financial oversight" occurring over a decade in the university's Greek Life Office. That same month, Arizona State University's The State Press was first to break the news of the resignation of Kurt Volker, the State Department's special envoy for Ukraine and a figure in a whistleblower's complaint about the Trump administration's dealings with Ukraine. And multiple student journalists filed lawsuits against their universities, including Ohio State University and Western Washington University, to defend their right to access public records.
According to Frank LoMonte, director of the University of Florida's Brechner Center for Freedom of Information and former director of the Student Press Law Center, "you may have a powerful, well-funded government agency that's being watched by nobody" if student media organizations cease to operate. Unfortunately, student newspaper censorship is still a problem on college and university campuses nationwide.
Too often, student journalists are expected to act as publicists rather than journalists. And when they stray from the misplaced expectations of administrators — and sometimes even their fellow students — student journalists may face consequences. In our 20 years of defending student and faculty rights, the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education has seen the different forms those consequences take, whether in blunt acts of newspaper theft or comparatively subtle efforts to punish newspaper advisers who fail to rein in their staff.
In "Under Pressure: The Warning Signs of Student Newspaper Censorship," FIRE addresses cases of censorship we've seen student newspapers face, and we offer a list of warning signs student journalists should be on the lookout for. Encounter any of these red flags? Contact FIRE.
Warning Signs:
Defunding & derecognition
Theft & destruction
Censorship demands
Prior review
Pressure on advisers
Media relations policies
Student newspapers often require access to funds, resources, office space, and formal recognition as a registered student organization to successfully operate. When they publish a controversial investigation or opinion piece, those resources are too often the first target for aggrieved administrators and fellow students who hope that removing access to those resources will deter student journalists from publishing again.
Texas State University: The University Star
In November 2017, independent student paper The University Star published an opinion column critical of white people titled "Your DNA is an abomination." Backlash from multiple levels of leadership within the university was swift, resulting in a petition to strip the paper of its funding and a threat from the president of the student government to call for an "emergency meeting" to discuss defunding if the editorial staff did not resign. The director of the university's School of Journalism and Mass Communications announced that she was forming a committee to review the newspaper's editorial process. FIRE, the Student Press Law Center, and the National Coalition Against Censorship wrote to Texas State University's president, reminding her that any attack on the newspaper's funding because of its content would violate the First Amendment. The university's response failed to offer any concrete commitment to safeguarding students' First Amendment rights, earning the university a spot on FIRE's 2018 "10 worst" list.
University of California San Diego: The Koala
In November 2015, satirical student newspaper The Koala published an article titled "UCSD Unveils New Dangerous Space on Campus," which mocked campus "safe spaces" and contained multiple slurs. Days later, UCSD's student government voted to end its funding of most student media organizations as a means to punish The Koala. FIRE called on UCSD to restore funding to all student media organizations in accordance with its legal responsibilities, but the paper's rights were not vindicated until July 2019, when the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed a lower court's dismissal of The Koala's First Amendment lawsuit. The lawsuit was filed by the ACLU of San Diego and Imperial Counties.
Wesleyan University: The Wesleyan Argus
After The Wesleyan Argus published a controversial student op-ed critical of the Black Lives Matter movement in September 2015, some Wesleyan students started a petition demanding that the newspaper lose its funding. Copies of the paper quickly found their way into campus trash cans — a phenomenon covered in greater length later in this report. The Wesleyan Student Assembly approved a resolution that proposed redistributing the Argus' print budget among other student publications at Wesleyan based in part on the popularity of the publications, putting student media at Wesleyan at risk of viewpoint-discriminatory funding. FIRE sent multiple letters calling on the WSA and Wesleyan University's president to ensure that student media funding would be allocated in a viewpoint-neutral manner. In April 2016, the WSA voted to create the Media Publications Fund Committee, a group meant to exist outside of the control of the WSA that would allocate funding to student media, with the intention of alleviating concerns that student press could be punished by the WSA for publishing unpopular material.
A university doesn't always need to punish student journalists to control what they print. Sometimes, the threat of punishment implied by an investigation, or the stress caused by the process of the investigation, is enough to pressure students into staying silent rather than risking harm to their studies or future careers. Federal courts have concluded that investigations into protected speech can constitute violations of the First Amendment, even if they don't result in formal punishment. In Sweezy v. New Hampshire (1957), the Supreme Court noted that government investigations "are capable of encroaching upon the constitutional liberties of individuals" and have an "inhibiting effect in the flow of democratic expression."
University of Wisconsin – Superior: Promethean
Early springtime is known for a few things: blooming flowers, March Madness, April Fools' Day, April Fools' Day student newspaper editions, and investigations into April Fools' Day student newspaper editions. Student newspapers' April Fools' editions are a staple of campus life and, given their tendency to lampoon their communities, they tend to attract negative attention. At the University of Wisconsin – Superior, that attention quickly turned into an investigation when the Promethean's 2016 April Fools' edition included an article satirizing Jewish stereotypes — written by the paper's editor to joke about the stereotypes he encounters about his own culture. After fielding complaints from students, UWS wrote in a Facebook post that the university "will not tolerate any form of disrespect" and announced that it was "actively investigating" the "formal grievance filed against the student newspaper." UWS reversed course and made the right decision after a letter from FIRE, confirming to Promethean staffers in a meeting that the investigation had been dropped.
University of Alaska Fairbanks: The Sun Star
The Sun Star suffered through a nearly year-long sexual harassment investigation beginning in April 2013 after publishing two articles that prompted complaints at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. One article was an April Fools' Day satire about "a new building in the shape of a vagina," and the other offered an investigation into the "UAF Confessions" Facebook page. After the university found that the paper had not engaged in sexual harassment, the complainant — a professor — appealed, leading UAF to retain an outside attorney to review UAF's investigation and conclusions. When the review had still not been completed by January of the following year, FIRE wrote a letter asking UAF Chancellor Brian Rogers to conclude the investigation. He did so weeks later, announcing that the second, external investigation had once again fully exonerated the newspaper.
Brandeis University: The Justice
In February 2016, three editors of The Justice were notified that a student had filed a complaint against them over their coverage of a "Take Back the Night" march, a protest against sexual violence, that took place on Brandeis' campus. The complaint alleged that the editors violated a Brandeis policy against invasions of privacy via surreptitious audio or visual recordings by publishing an article containing anonymous quotes from marchers without first obtaining their consent. FIRE wrote to Brandeis Interim President Lisa Lynch to explain that accurately and anonymously quoting students who spoke publicly at an event that was openly recorded does not constitute an invasion of privacy. Within days, Brandeis dropped the investigation.
Newspaper theft remains one of the most ineffective ways to stop the spread of a story, but that hasn't stopped targets of unflattering coverage from trying it — or from learning a well-deserved lesson about the "Streisand Effect." Although newspaper theft doesn't accomplish its perpetrators' goal in the age of internet news, it still can be a thorn in the side of student journalists forced to cope with the loss of their time, money, and resources.
Florida Atlantic University: University Press
Florida Atlantic University's student newspaper has proven more than once to be a lightning rod on its campus. The University Press experienced newspaper theft a number of times in recent years, including two thefts in 2010. And in 2016, more than 800 copies of the University Press' March 29 edition were thrown in the trash. The editor-in-chief at the time believed the reason for the theft was an article titled "Party where student was allegedly gang raped last year to happen again." Then again in 2019, stacks of papers featuring a cover story detailing rape accusations against an FAU quarterback were stolen and trashed. This time, University Press staff had a message to the thieves whose act of censorship brought widespread media coverage to the paper: Thanks for drawing attention to the story.
Colorado State University: The Rocky Mountain Collegian
Until it was repealed in 2013, Colorado's newspaper theft law made taking more than five copies of a free publication with the intent to keep others from reading it a misdemeanor. The Rocky Mountain Collegian's experience with newspaper theft in 2019 demonstrated why such a law is still needed. After publishing a cover story alleging that a student government presidential candidate and his running mate had misreported their campaign finances, The Collegian reported that "multiple eyewitnesses" saw members of the campaign team taking and destroying copies of the paper. The campaign issued a statement about the alleged theft, writing in part that "members of multiple campaigns redistributed newspapers across campus." In this case, "redistributed" appears to have meant "thrown in the trash."
Radford University: The Tartan
In September 2019, The Tartan ran a cover story about the unexpected death of the new chair of Radford's criminal justice department alongside a story about a Radford freshman who was found dead in a jail cell after an on-campus arrest for public intoxication. After the issue was published, the paper's editor-in-chief received an email from Radford's vice president of student affairs inviting the paper's staff to meet for a discussion with administrators. Shortly after, The Tartan's staff noticed that copies of the paper had disappeared from the stands, with nearly 1,000 of 1,500 papers missing. In their meeting with the paper's staff, administrators suggested they had received a number of complaints about The Tartan and went on to recommend that administrators sit in on weekly staff meetings — an offer The Tartan smartly rejected. Though Radford's police department initially refused, they ultimately chose to investigate the theft.
STUDENT NEWSPAPER CENSORSHIP DEMANDS
Some censorship efforts are subtle and difficult to detect. Others? Not so much. Though they should know better, that hasn't stopped administrators at a number of universities from unashamedly demanding that student journalists censor their work or avoid covering certain topics to preserve the university's reputation.
University of Tulsa: The Collegian
The University of Tulsa did its best to make sure it earned a spot on FIRE's 2016 "10 worst" list when it unjustly banned a student from campus for Facebook posts that someone else admitted to writing, and then attempted to intimidate student journalists who were covering the story. TU student paper The Collegian reported on the student's suspension and voiced criticism of the lack of due process offered in his case. When its journalists reached out to TU's administration for comment, they were warned by TU's director of marketing and communications against publishing "anything that the university deems to be confidential" because it "could violate university policies." The university then, of course, refused to explain what information would be "confidential," leaving Collegian journalists uncertain of what would result in punishment — ambiguity that conveniently advanced the university's goal of chilling criticism.
Santa Clara University: The Santa Clara
In February 2017, The Santa Clara wrote about a $100 million donation from an alumnus and included a comment from the alumnus that appeared to criticize a Santa Clara University dean. SCU Vice Provost Jeanne Rosenberger then requested that The Santa Clara's editor-in-chief remove the article, prompting a letter from FIRE. When pressed for a justification, Rosenberger referred the paper's editor-in-chief to SCU General Counsel John Ottoboni, who would only speak with the newspaper off the record. Ottoboni told media that the story's "potential for harm outweighed the benefit" and that students "have to realize that compassion goes with this." The Santa Clara ultimately decided to cut the portion of the article containing the comments about the dean, but it also issued an editorial titled "Censored But Not Silenced," which criticized the university for flouting the paper's editorial independence. The editorial noted: "We are not a talking piece for the administration. Rather, we approach issues with a critical eye and the mission of holding the powerful accountable. Our loyalty is to our readers and our readers only."
University of Southern California: Daily Trojan and Annenberg Media
In September 2018, student journalists associated with news outlets at the University of Southern California, including the Daily Trojan and Annenberg Media, were warned that they could not record or take notes during a university-hosted "public forum" offering community members an opportunity to weigh in on the search for the university's new president. The Daily Trojan reported that after it "tweeted news of the media ban, the same USC representative [who warned against note-taking] asked [its] reporter to delete the tweet." The paper's editorial board added, "[I]t is within our right as USC's independent student-run newspaper, to cover a public forum open to all members of the USC community." FIRE wrote to USC's Interim President to call for the university to discontinue its efforts to interfere with student journalists' ability to report. Soon after, USC apologized and issued a statement saying that "student media reporters were mistakenly told by a University Communications staff person that they were not permitted to report from inside the session."
Prior review and prior restraint are among the most noxious forms of censorship. The former occurs when administrators enjoy the power to review material before it's communicated or published; the latter when they are able to remove material before it can be published. Prior restraint is so frowned upon that the Supreme Court of the United States has observed that the "chief purpose" of the First Amendment is to prevent prior restraint.
Craven Community College: The Campus Communicator
In March 2005, The Campus Communicator printed a column titled "Between the Sheets," suggesting ideas to "jolt tired sex lives," which prompted readers to complain about the column to the newspaper's staff and to Craven Community College's administrators. In response, administrators proposed changes to the governance of the newspaper that would drastically reduce its independence, allowing for prior review of newspaper content by the college's administrators. At a meeting with the paper's staff, the college's president claimed that the public college is "not authorized to provide an independent and open forum." After letters from FIRE and the Student Press Law Center, the college dropped its prior review proposal and affirmed The Campus Communicator's independence.
Liberty University: Liberty Champion
Liberty University's censorship of its student press is so pervasive that FIRE has deemed it a "tradition" at the university. Although Liberty is a private institution that has the right to prioritize other values ahead of students' right to speak freely, Liberty President Jerry Falwell, Jr. claimed in 2016 that "Liberty University promotes the free expression of ideas unlike many major universities." That claim rings false when contrasted with Falwell's insistence on editorial control over "student" newspaper Liberty Champion, in part by installing his personal spokesman as a "consultant" to the newspaper. In October 2016, the paper's sports editor wrote a column critical of comments made by President Donald Trump in the leaked Access Hollywood tapes. According to the column's author, Falwell cancelled the column before it could be printed. Then in 2018, Falwell stopped the paper from running any articles about a religious leader who was told he could not pray on Liberty's campus. WORLD Magazine reported that "edited stories before publication must go through a two- or three-stage approval process: first to the faculty adviser, then to a panel of faculty members, and after that possibly to Falwell himself for approval before publishing." FIRE wrote to Liberty in 2018 asking the university to square its history of requiring Falwell's permission to publish with his public statements about the university's free speech commitments. The university has refused to do so.
Quinnipiac University: The Quinnipiac Chronicle
In the spring of 2007, Quinnipiac University stopped the staff of The Quinnipiac Chronicle from publishing news online before the same news appeared in print, marking the beginning of a series of efforts to interfere with the student press. Quinnipiac's president defended his university's behavior by saying, "[D]inosaurs like me who read the hard copy version get an opportunity to read it before the external world hears about it." He added, "This is an issue of how a university campus can have serious discussions with students in a way that is not a press conference to the world." After the paper's editor called the policy "ridiculous," Quinnipiac's vice president for public affairs stated that "student leaders, especially those in paid positions, are expected to generally be supportive of university policies." In protest of a new policy allowing the dean of students to select the paper's editorial board, applicants withdrew their applications and Quinnipiac's student journalists instead began work on an independent online news source, The Quad News.
At a public university or a private institution that makes free speech commitments, administrators are prohibited from taking action to control, chill, or punish student media content based on a dislike of the expression in which students have engaged. That includes retaliatory action taken against advisers, often faculty members, who counsel student journalists on writing, editing, and publishing their work. But that hasn't stopped universities from punishing advisers for doing their jobs instead of turning student journalists into university mouthpieces.
East Carolina University: The East Carolinian
In 2012, East Carolina University invited controversy after firing its director of student media, Paul Isom, who advised the campus radio station, television station, yearbook, and several student magazines. Isom was fired in response to a decision by the editorial board of student newspaper, The East Carolinian, to run unedited photos of a nude streaker at an ECU football game on the front page of a November 2011 issue. Calling the decision to run the photos "in very poor taste," ECU's Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs had warned that ECU officials did not support the decision to print them. Isom's firing prompted letters from FIRE, the Student Press Law Center, and others noting that the university's behavior violated the First Amendment and constituted a naked act of censorship. Isom later sued the university, and in April 2012 he and ECU issued a joint statement referring to "a difference in philosophy" and announcing a settlement in which Isom would receive $31,200. In the settlement, ECU also admitted that the firing was "not for cause."
University of North Alabama: The Flor-Ala
Curious as to why a vice president had suddenly resigned and a professor had been banned from campus, The Flor-Ala asked for personnel files from the University of North Alabama under Alabama's public records laws in the fall of 2018. When the university resisted the request, The Flor-Ala wrote about its response, earning a meeting with an "angry" provost and the newspaper's adviser, Scott Morris. Only 10 days later, the provost informed Morris that the required qualifications for his position as Flor-Ala adviser would be changing. Going forward, The Flor-Ala's adviser would be required to have a Ph.D. — which, coincidentally, Morris did not possess, despite decades of professional newsroom experience. UNA claimed that it had been planning this change in the job qualifications since 2014, sharing emails it said cleared the university from accusations of retaliation. But the head of the communications department from 2009 to 2015 wasn't aware of such a decision, and the purportedly exonerating emails show a UNA dean discussing changes to the adviser's role after a 2015 conflict over content in The Flor-Ala. UNA's behavior earned a well-deserved censure from the College Media Association, a protest edition from The Flor-Ala, a letter from FIRE, and a spot on FIRE's 2019 "10 Worst" list.
Le Moyne College: The Dolphin
Le Moyne College's student newspaper, The Dolphin, staged a months-long protest after longtime adviser and professor Alan Fischler was dismissed in November 2005 for not exercising more control over the paper. Fischler alleged that he was pushed out of his adviser role by administrators who said they wanted a more "hands-on" adviser who would make The Dolphin a "showpiece" for Le Moyne. Upon learning that Le Moyne's administration would handpick a replacement adviser, The Dolphin's staff began a strike. The college's decision earned criticism from FIRE and the Student Press Law Center and a censure from the College Media Association, which was finally removed in 2007 "after administrative changes ushered in a more supportive environment and have led to more freedoms for The Dolphin student newspaper."
Faculty members are often experts in their fields and can be useful resources for student, local, and national media outlets in explaining complicated issues to the public. But some universities have crafted restrictive policies that frustrate the ability of faculty members to speak with the media, effectively imposing a gag order. Student journalists — who are increasingly important members of local media, too — have found themselves impacted by such policies.
In 2018, Loyola University Chicago unveiled a "Media Relations Policy" created to enhance its "brand." The new policy required that faculty and staff request approval from public relations staff for "statements" to the media — and that included the student newspaper, too. As could be expected, the policy limited student journalists' ability to report on important issues affecting Loyola students. Concerned about the clash between this policy's limits on its community members' expression and the university's free speech commitments, FIRE and PEN America wrote to the university in February 2019 to encourage university leadership to rescind the policy. Commendably, Loyola revised the policy months later to better protect student and faculty rights and square its policies with its promises of free speech.
Alamo Colleges District
In September 2018, FIRE wrote to the board of trustees of the Alamo Colleges District after being contacted by ACD faculty members concerned about a proposed communications policy that would require professors to "notify the [District Support Operations] Communications Office or the college PR office in advance" of speaking with a member of the media. The policy also specifically noted that requests from student media would fall under its ambit, too. FIRE's letter warned that "these requirements impermissibly burden faculty expression protected by the First Amendment." An ACD attorney wrote to FIRE that the proposed policy "was not adopted or approved" which ACD institution San Antonio College student newspaper The Ranger confirmed. The Ranger's editors had also voiced opposition to the policy, writing that requiring faculty to "check with PR before media interviews . . . is not a form of training; it is a method of control."
Ithaca College's media relations policy stands out because it didn't restrict how faculty could speak to student journalists, but rather how student journalists could speak to administrators. In October 2012, independent student magazine Buzzsaw Magazine reported that the college adopted a new policy that "requires that student media outlets seeking interviews with college administrators must submit all interview requests through the Ithaca College Office of Media Relations. The policy encompasses 84 administrators, including school deans, student services faculty, financial and admissions personnel, and — of course — President [Tom] Rochon." Students quickly launched a protest to the policy's overreach into student media and accused the college of "cherry-picking" favorable sources. Their complaints were heard; in November 2012, student newspaper The Ithacan reported that Rochon rescinded the short-lived policy.
As a student journalist, you know how to spot student newspaper censorship on your campus. But what should you do when you encounter them? First, develop a concrete understanding of your rights — whether at a private or public university — and the policies and safeguards that protect them at your institution. If your university does not offer policies that protect student journalists, or maintains policies that do the opposite, be proactive and advocate for policy reform at your college before it's necessary. FIRE can help with that.
The second step is to document every meeting and all correspondence — like emails, letters, and phone calls — shared between newspaper staff and university administrators when you believe you're experiencing an act of censorship. Documentation can be vital in exposing inappropriate or unconstitutional interference with students' rights.
Finally, contact FIRE when efforts to censor your newspaper or its staff are underway or have been threatened. We've defended the rights of thousands of students and may be able to help you, too.
Student journalists play an essential role in ensuring transparency in institutions that often reject it. FIRE is here to make sure unconstitutional or illiberal barriers don't stand in their way.


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