text:
"Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street" is a short story by the American writer Herman Melville, first serialized anonymously in two parts in the November and December 1853 issues of Putnam's Magazine and reprinted with minor textual alterations in his The Piazza Tales in 1856. In the story, a Wall Street lawyer hires a new clerk who, after an initial bout of hard work, refuses to make copies or do any other task required of him, refusing with the words "I would prefer not to."

Numerous critical essays have been published about the story, which scholar Robert Milder describes as "unquestionably the masterpiece of the short fiction" in the Melville canon.

Plot
The narrator is an unnamed elderly lawyer who works with legal documents and has an office on Wall Street. He already employs two scriveners, Turkey and Nippers, to copy documents by hand, but an increase in business leads him to advertise for a third. He hires the forlorn-looking Bartleby in the hope that his calmness will soothe the other two, each of whom displays an irascible temperament during an opposite half of the day. An office boy nicknamed Ginger Nut completes the staff.

At first, Bartleby produces a large volume of high-quality work, but one day, when asked to help proofread a document, Bartleby answers with what soon becomes his perpetual response to every request: "I would prefer not to." To the dismay of the narrator and the irritation of the other employees, Bartleby begins to perform fewer and fewer tasks and eventually none. He instead spends long periods of time staring out one of the office's windows at a brick wall. The narrator makes several attempts to reason with Bartleby or to learn something about him, but never has any success. When the narrator stops by the office one Sunday morning, he discovers that Bartleby is living there. He is saddened by the thought of the life the young man must lead.

Tension builds as business associates wonder why Bartleby is always present in the office, yet does not appear to do any work. Sensing the threat to his reputation, but emotionally unable to evict Bartleby, the narrator moves his business to a different building. The new tenant of his old office comes to ask for help in removing Bartleby, and the narrator tells the man that he is not responsible for his former employee. A week or so after this, several other tenants of the narrator's former office building come to him with their landlord because Bartleby is still making a nuisance of himself; even though he has been put out of the office, he sits on the building stairs all day and sleeps in its doorway at night. The narrator agrees to visit Bartleby and attempts to reason with him. He suggests several jobs that Bartleby might try and even invites Bartleby to live with him until they figure out a better solution. Bartleby replies that he would "prefer not to make any change", and declines the offer. The narrator leaves the building and flees the neighborhood for several days, in order not to be bothered by the landlord and tenants.

When the narrator returns to work, he learns that the landlord has called the police. The officers have arrested Bartleby and imprisoned him in the Tombs as a vagrant. He goes to visit Bartleby, who spurns him, and bribes a cook to make sure Bartleby gets enough food. The narrator returns a few days later to check on Bartleby and discovers him dead of starvation, having preferred not to eat.

Months later, the narrator hears a rumor that Bartleby had once worked in a dead letter office and reflects on how this might have affected him. The story ends with the narrator saying, "Ah Bartleby! Ah humanity!"

Composition
Melville's major source of inspiration for the story was an advertisement for a new book, The Lawyer's Story, printed in the Tribune and the Times on February 18, 1853. The book, published anonymously later that year, was written by popular novelist James A. Maitland. This advertisement included the complete first chapter, which started: "In the summer of 1843, having an extraordinary quantity of deeds to copy, I engaged, temporarily, an extra copying clerk, who interested me considerably, in consequence of his modest, quiet, gentlemanly demeanor, and his intense application to his duties." Melville biographer Hershel Parker said nothing else in the chapter besides this "remarkably evocative sentence" was notable. Critic Andrew Knighton said Melville may have been influenced by an obscure work from 1846, Robert Grant White's Law and Laziness: or, Students at Law of Leisure, which features an idle scrivener.

Melville may have written the story as an emotional response to the bad reviews garnered by Pierre, his preceding novel. Christopher Sten suggests that Melville found inspiration in Ralph Waldo Emerson's essays, particularly "The Transcendentalist", which shows parallels to "Bartleby".

Autobiographical interpretations

Bartleby is a writer who withers and dies after refusing to copy other writers.
More specifically, he has been described as a copyist "who obstinately refuses to go on doing the sort of writing demanded of him." During the spring of 1851, Melville felt similarly about his work on Moby-Dick. Thus, Bartleby may represent Melville's frustration with his own situation as a writer, and the story is "about a writer who forsakes conventional modes because of an irresistible preoccupation with the most baffling philosophical questions." Bartleby may also represent Melville's relation to his commercial, democratic society.

Melville made an allusion to the John C. Colt case in "Bartleby". The narrator restrains his anger toward Bartleby by reflecting upon "the tragedy of the unfortunate Adams and the still more unfortunate Colt and how poor Colt, being dreadfully incensed by Adams ... was unawares hurled into his fatal act."

Analysis
The narrator and the text do not explicitly explain the reason for Bartleby's behavior, leaving it open to interpretation.

As an example of clinical depression

Bartleby shows classic symptoms of depression, especially his lack of motivation. He is a passive person, and good at the work he agrees to do. He refuses to divulge any personal information to the narrator. Bartleby's death is consistent with depression—having no motivation to survive, he refrains from eating until he dies.

As a reflection of the narrator

Bartleby has been interpreted as a "psychological double" for the narrator that criticizes the "sterility, impersonality, and mechanical adjustments of the world which the lawyer inhabits." Until the end of the story, Bartleby's background is unknown and may have sprung from the narrator's mind. The narrator screens off Bartleby in a corner, which has been interpreted as symbolizing "the lawyer's compartmentalization of the unconscious forces which Bartleby represents."

Psychoanalyst Christopher Bollas says the main focus of the story is the narrator, whose "willingness to tolerate [Bartleby's] work stoppage is what needs to be explained ... As the story proceeds, it becomes increasingly clear that the lawyer identifies with his clerk. To be sure, it is an ambivalent identification, but that only makes it all the more powerful."

The narrator
Bartleby's employer provides a first-person narrative of his experiences working with Bartleby. He portrays himself as a kind and generous man. When Bartleby's work ethic declines, the narrator allows his employment to continue. He portrays himself as tolerant towards the other employees, Turkey and Nippers, who are confrontational in the afternoon and morning, respectively. The narrator is torn between his feelings of responsibility for Bartleby and his desire to be rid of the threat that Bartleby poses to the office and to his reputation on Wall Street.

Philosophical influences
"Bartleby, the Scrivener" alludes to Jonathan Edwards's "Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will" and Jay Leyda, in his introduction to The Complete Stories of Herman Melville, comments on the similarities between Bartleby and The Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity by Joseph Priestley. Both Edwards and Priestley wrote about free will and determinism. Edwards states that free will requires the will to be isolated from the moment of decision, in which case Bartleby's isolation from the world would allow him to be completely free. He has the ability to do whatever he pleases. The reference to Priestley and Edwards in connection with determinism may suggest that Bartleby's exceptional exercise of his personal will, even though it leads to his death, spares him from an externally determined fate.

"Bartleby" is also seen as an inquiry into ethics. Critic John Matteson sees the story (and other Melville works) as explorations of the changing meaning of 19th-century "prudence." The story's narrator "struggles to decide whether his ethics will be governed by worldly prudence or Christian agape." He wants to be humane, as shown by his accommodations of the four staff and especially of Bartleby, but this conflicts with the newer, pragmatic and economically based notion of prudence supported by changing legal theory. The 1850 case Brown v. Kendall, three years before the story's publication, was important in establishing the "reasonable man" standard in the United States, and emphasized the positive action required to avoid negligence. Bartleby's passivity has no place in a legal and economic system that increasingly sides with the "reasonable" and economically active individual. His fate, an innocent decline into unemployment, prison, and starvation, dramatizes the effect of the new prudence on the economically inactive members of society.

Publication history
The story was first published anonymously as "Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall-Street" in two installments in Putnam's Monthly Magazine, in November and December 1853. It was included in Melville's The Piazza Tales, published in by Dix & Edwards in the United States in May 1856 and in Britain in June.

Reception
Though no great success at the time of publication, "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is now among the most noted of American short stories. It has been considered a precursor of absurdist literature, touching on several of Franz Kafka's themes in such works as "A Hunger Artist" and The Trial. There is nothing to indicate that the Bohemian writer was at all acquainted with the work of Melville, who remained largely forgotten until some time after Kafka's death.

Albert Camus, in a personal letter to Liselotte Dieckmann published in The French Review in 1998, cites Melville as a key influence.

Legacy

On November 5, 2019, the BBC News listed "Bartleby, the Scrivener" on its list of the 100 most influential novels.

Adaptations and references

Adaptations
 The story was adapted for the radio anthology series Favorite Story in 1948 under the name "The Strange Mister Bartleby." William Conrad plays the Narrator and Hans Conried plays Bartleby.
 In a BBC radio adaptation from 1953, Laurence Olivier plays the narrator. This was produced as an episode of "Theatre Royal", a series of radio dramas, which was the only radio series in which Lord Olivier took a major role.
 The York Playhouse produced a one-act opera, Bartleby, composed by William Flanagan and James J. Hinton, Jr. with a libretto by Edward Albee, from January 1 to February 28, 1961.
 The first filmed adaptation was by the Encyclopædia Britannica Educational Corporation in 1969. It was adapted, produced & directed by Larry Yust and starred James Westerfield and Patrick Campbell, with Barry Williams of The Brady Bunch fame in a small role. The story has been adapted for film four other times as  Bartleby: in 1970, starring Paul Scofield; in France, in 1976, by Maurice Ronet, starring Michel Lonsdale; in 1977, by Israel Horovitz and Michael B Styer for Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting, starring Nicholas Kepros, which was an entry in the 1978 Peabody Awards competition for television; and in 2001, by Jonathan Parker, starring Crispin Glover and David Paymer.
 The story was adapted and reinterpreted by Peter Straub in his 1997 story "Mr. Clubb and Mr. Cuff." It was also used as thematic inspiration for the Stephen King novel Bag of Bones.
 The BBC Radio 4 adaptation dramatised by Martyn Wade, directed by Cherry Cookson, and broadcast in 2004 stars Adrian Scarborough as Bartleby, Ian Holm as the Lawyer, David Collings as Turkey, and Jonathan Keeble as Nippers.
 The story was adapted for the stage in March 2007 by Alexander Gelman and the Organic Theater Company of Chicago.
 In 2009, French author Daniel Pennac read the story on the stage of La Pépinière-Théâtre in Paris.
 Bartleby, The Scrivener, an opera in two acts, with music by Daniel Steven Crafts and libretto by Erik Bauersfeld.
 In 2020, José Luis Munuera adapted the story as a graphic novel.
 The story was adapted for the stage in 2020 by Juhan Ulfsak for Von Krahl Theatre in Estonia as "Pigem ei" ("Rather not").

References to the story

Literature
 Bartleby: La formula della creazione (1993) by Giorgio Agamben and Bartleby, ou la formule by Gilles Deleuze are two important philosophical essays reconsidering many of Melville's ideas.
 In Chapter 12 of the 1992 novel Mostly Harmless by Douglas Adams in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series, Arthur Dent decides to move to Bartledan, whose population does not need or want anything. Reading a novel of Bartledanian literature, he is bewildered to find that the protagonist of the novel unexpectedly dies of thirst just before the last chapter. Arthur is bewildered by other actions of the Bartledans, but "He preferred not to think about it." (page 78). He notes that "nobody in Bartledanian stories ever wanted anything."
 In 2001, Spanish writer Enrique Vila-Matas wrote Bartleby & Co., a book which deals with "the endemic disease of contemporary letters, the negative pulsion or attraction towards nothingness."
In her 2016 book My Private Property, Mary Ruefle's story "Take Frank" features a high school boy assigned to read Melville's Bartleby. The boy unwittingly mimics Bartleby when he declares he would "prefer not to."
 In his 2017 book Everybody Lies: big data, new data, and what the Internet can tell us about who we really are, Seth Stephens-Davidowits mentions that one-third of horses bred to be racehorses never, in fact, race. They simply "prefer not to," the author explains, as he draws an allusion to Melville's story.
 In her 2019 book How to Do Nothing, Jenny Odell references Bartleby as an example of resisting the demands of capitalism, and cultivating an ethic of refusal.
 In his 2018 book "Hiking With Nietzsche: Becoming Who You Are", John Kaag references the Bartleby story as a consideration of the Nietzschean possibility that freedom is realised in a self-destructive refusal to submit.
 In "Farrington the Scrivener: A Story of Dame Street," Morris Beja compares "Bartleby, the Scrivener" with "Counterparts", a story in Dubliners, by James Joyce. The essay is published in Coping With Joyce: Essays from the Copenhagen Symposium, edited by Morris Beja and Shari Benstock (Ohio State University Press, 1989), pp. 111-122.
 Abdulrazak Gurnah references Bartleby, the Scrivener throughout his 2001 novel By the Sea. The protagonist Saleh Omar quotes Bartleby's mantra to explain his decision to abstain from speaking the English language on seeking asylum in the UK.

Film and television
 There is an angel named Bartleby in Kevin Smith's 1999 film Dogma. He shares some resemblance to Melville's character.
 The 2006 movie Accepted features a character named Bartleby Gaines, played by Justin Long. The characters share similar traits, and the movie uses some themes found in the work.
 In 2011, French director Jérémie Carboni made the documentary Bartleby en coulisses around Daniel Pennac's reading of "Bartleby the Scrivener".
 In "Skorpio", the sixth episode of the first season of the television show Archer, Archer quotes Bartleby, and then makes reference to Melville's being "not an easy read."
 In the season 1 episode of Ozark titled "Kaleidoscope", Marty explains to his wife Wendy that, if Del asks him to work for the drug cartel, he will respond as Bartleby would: "I'll give him my best Bartleby impersonation, and I'll say, 'I prefer not to'."
 A story arc from the sixth season of the American anime-style web series RWBY, revolving around a species of monsters named "The Apathy", is partially adapted from the story. A central, unseen character in the arc is named Bartleby as a nod to the title character.
 Bartleby is mentioned in an episode of HBO's In Treatment (season 3, episode 8).

Other
The Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek regularly quotes Bartleby's iconic line, usually in the context of the Occupy Wall Street movement.
The electronic text archive Bartleby.com is named after the character. The website's welcome statement describes its correlation with the short story, "so, Bartleby.com—after the humble character of its namesake scrivener, or copyist—publishes the classics of literature, nonfiction, and reference free of charge."
The British newspaper magazine The Economist maintains a column named Bartleby focused on the areas of work and management. It takes this name as it concerns itself with the plight of managers trying to understand how to motivate their employees, and to empathize with employees who "carry out their bosses' often bewildering orders, even when they would 'prefer not to'."
The 92nd Street Y presented a livestreamed and on-demand reading of the story by actor Paul Giamatti in November 2020. A December 3, 2020 conversation between Giamatti and Andrew Delbanco is archived on YouTube.

See also
 Interpassivity
 Office Space
 Pseudowork
 Refusal of work
 Slacker

References

Sources
 Jaffé, David (1981). "Bartleby the Scrivener and Bleak House: Melville's Debt to Dickens". Arlington, Virginia: The Mardi Press.
 McCall, Dan (1989). The Silence of Bartleby. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
 Parker, Hershel (2002). Herman Melville: A Biography. Volume 2, 1851–1891. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
 Sealts, Merton M., Jr. (1987). "Historical Note." Herman Melville, The Piazza Tales and Other Prose Pieces 1839-1860. Edited by Harrison Hayford, Alma A. MacDougall, and G. Thomas Tanselle. Evanston and Chicago: Northwestern University Press and The Newberry Library 1987.

External links

 Bartleby, the Scrivener (Part I: Nov 1853) + (Part II: Dec 1853). Digital facsimile of first edition published in Putnam's Magazine. From the HathiTrust Digital Library.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007jx95

1853 short stories
Fictional scribes
Short stories by Herman Melville
Works originally published in Putnam's Magazine
Bureaucracy in fiction
Short stories adapted into films
Literature critical of work and the work ethic
Manhattan in fiction
Fiction about law
Starvation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


One arrest has been made and two arrests are pending following the brawl that ended the basketball game between Smyrna and Cape Henlopen.
One arrest has been made and two arrests are pending following a brawl that ended Thursday night's basketball game between Smyrna and Cape Henlopen, Milford police said Friday.
The fighting occurred at Milford High School during the Henlopen North Conference boys basketball playoff game.
The incident started with 4:02 remaining in the game with an altercation between at least one Cape Henlopen player and at least one spectator sitting behind the Vikings' bench at the Milford Central Academy gymnasium.
Of the three suspects, one is a Cape Henlopen basketball player and the other two are spectators.
All three have already or plan to turn themselves in to police, Milford police Sgt. Robert Masten said. The first, an 18-year-old from Milton, has been arrested and charged with disorderly conduct and third-degree assault. His unsecured bail was set at $1,000.
The two others are being sought or were in the process of being taken into custody after their arraignments, Masten said.
At least one spectator was handcuffed and detained by police Thursday night.
Masten said five officers were working at the game. Those officers responded immediately, and additional officers were called. It took at least four minutes to restore order, as dozens of spectators spilled onto the court.
Multiple punches were thrown as coaches and officials from both schools tried to separate players and spectators. One Cape Henlopen player was captured on video kicking a spectator who was in the process of getting up off the gym floor.
During a timeout between the third and fourth quarters, a Henlopen Conference official spoke to spectators sitting behind the Cape Henlopen bench. Two Milford police officers were summoned and also spoke to the spectators, and the game resumed.
During another timeout with Smyrna leading 61-34 with 4:02 left in the game, players from both teams were huddled around their coaches at their respective benches when the altercation began near the end of the Cape Henlopen bench. Smyrna's bench was located at the other end of the gym, and no Smyrna players appeared to be involved as the melee unfolded.
Re said the player was punched in the face and left with a black eye. He said spectators behind the Cape Henlopen bench had been causing problems during the entire game.
The teams were holding a one-game playoff to determine the Northern Division champion after both finished 11-1 in conference play. Smyrna was officially declared the winner and still played in its Henlopen Conference championship game Friday night at Dover High School against Woodbridge.
"We looked at all of the film, and if you watch the film, you see no players from Smyrna are involved," Kobasa said.
"Regarding last night's Smyrna/Cape basketball game, at this time all matters are being handled by the school districts involved. The DIAA and its membership are working on additional safeguards to help prevent future incidents."
Calls to Cape Henlopen officials were not returned.
Contact Brad Myers at bmyers@delawareonline.com. Contact Josephine Peterson at jhpeterson@delawareonline.com. Contact Jeff Neiburg at jneiburg@delawareonline.com.


Step by step recipe of Bohra Kaari Chawal with photos.
Bohra Kaari, kari or curry is traditional Bohra dish. It is coconut and cashew based curry that requires a special masala called Kari masala. The taste of curry is mildly spiced and coconuty. It is a very easy too cook, if you have masala prepared in advance, it requires very little effort. Although, allow slow cooking of curry to accentuate flavors.
Please check my kaari masala recipe to it make your own spice mix. I recommend making your own over ready made.
If, you use a ready made kari masala mix then you might need to tweak this recipe with some extra red chilli powder, turmeric powder, coriander powder and whole spices. Just add these in tempering when we fry masala.
Bohra is a world wide community and so most of Bohra recipes have regional variations.
Kaari taste best when cooked with mutton or lamb. But you can use chicken and beef with little compromise in taste.
Just like other bohra recipes, I cooked meat separately and added to curry. But if you have some time you can add meat directly to gravy and cook. For chicken pre-cooking is not required anyway.
In a nut shell masala needs to be fried very well. Now, mix water and then fry ;or fry and then add water, it's personal preference. In fact, you can fry whole masala and grind them afterwards for crispiest taste.
You can add tamarind water, lemon juice or yogurt too. Tomatoes are rarely added.
We need coconut milk for this recipe. The traditional way to make coconut milk is blend fresh or desiccated coconut with water and then strain to extract coconut milk. Let's say 300 gram desiccated coconut and 1 ½ cup water. Repeat process once more with another 1 ½ cup of water to extract three cups of coconut milk. Some of that extracted coconut is also added to rice to avoid waste and add flavours and aroma to rice as well.
Now, considering quick and easy ways, I'm using coconut milk powder, you can even use coconut cream for extra rich gravy.
So the authentic recipe varies regionally and is simply how your mother cooked and developed your taste buds. I don't believe in dictating recipes but I believe everyone have unique style so I tried to suggest all options.
Kaari is served traditionally with Karak double roti and rice. I highly suggest making this recipe specially if you love coconut based curries. If you have kids, serve it with noodle to enjoy mock khousay flavours.
How to make Bohra kaari Chawal?
A unique nut and coconut based curry that can be eaten with Karak bread and rice.
Boil meat with ginger, garlic, green chilli paste and onions until tender. When tender stir for few minutes to dissolve onions. Set aside.
In a thick bottomed skillet fry kaari masala, red chilli and curry leaves on low flame. Stir constantly until fragrant. Add a little water if masala is burning.
Next add meat to the gravy. Fry until you see a little oil bubbling from sides.
Add coconut milk little by little with stirring.
Cook curry for 15 minutes on medium flame until oil separates. Serve with lemon, Cumin Rice and karak double roti (bread).
Boil water in a large pot, add salt, cumin, pepper, cloves and rice.When rice are 80% cooked strain rice and discard water.
In the same pot heat oil,add desiccated coconut, give all a stir. Next , mix in boiled rice.
Cover and dum rice for 5-7 minutes until steam rises. Coconut rice for Kaari chawal is ready, garnish with fried onions and serve.
Check my Kaari masala recipe.
If using ready masala, then you might need to add more red chilli, turmeric and coriander and cumin powder in tempering.
If you like spicy curry add ½ teaspoon red chilli powder in tempering.
If using chicken to make kaari, just marinate chicken in ginger, garlic and chilli paste for 20 minutes. And add marinated chicken in tempering of gravy.
Boil meat with ginger, garlic and green chilli paste, oil and salt. You can pressure cook or slow cook.
Also add onions cut in chunks. This cut of onion gets dissolved quickly.
When meat is tender, stir the meat for few minutes to dissolve onions. (bhunofy). Then set aside.
I also added some water while frying as soon as it became fragrant. Throw in curry leaves.
Mix and bhonofy for 2 minutes till little oil is visible in sides.
Let the curry simmer for 15 minutes on low flame until oil separates.
How do make your curry? If this recipe helped you, please let us know in comments. Don't forget to share so others can benefit too.


Ballarat and Queen's Old Grammarians' Association (BQOGA) links the School and past students, encouraging social communication between them and making sure that past connections and memories are nurtured and celebrated.
We warmly welcome past students to make a positive contribution to the School.
Our Association was formed in 1974 shortly after the amalgamation of Queen's Church of England Girls Grammar School and Ballarat Grammar School to form Ballarat and Queen's Anglican Grammar School.
Reunions are a great chance to laugh, reminisce and enjoy the company of old friends. You will be invited via posted invitation to reunions relevant to you; we warmly invite all past students to join us for a very special occasion.
If you would like more information about BQOGA or would like to update your details please contact President Laura Le Marshall on +61 411 213 775 or by email (select Ballarat & Queen's Old Grammarians' Association from the dropdown menu).


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The 48th Chemical Brigade is a United States Army brigade located at Fort Hood, Texas and subordinate to the 20th Support Command (CBRNE). The 48th Chemical Brigade is the only active duty NBC defense brigade in the Army. The Brigade is tasked to discover, counter, and neutralize chemical, biological or nuclear threats. The Brigade was activated 16 September 2007, under the command of Colonel Vance P. (Phil) Visser and CSM E. Donald Moten.

Organization 2022
  48th Chemical Brigade, Fort Hood (TX)
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Fort Hood (TX)
  2nd Chemical Battalion, Fort Hood (TX)
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Fort Hood (TX)
 63rd Chemical Company, Fort Campbell (KY)
 68th Chemical Company, Fort Hood (TX)
 172nd Chemical Company, Fort Riley (KS)
 181st Chemical Company, Fort Hood (TX)
  22nd Chemical Battalion, Fort Bliss (TX)
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Fort Bliss (TX)
 10th Chemical Company, Fort Carson (CO)
 44th Chemical Company, Fort Bliss (TX)
 46th Chemical Company (Tech Escort), Fort Bliss (TX)
  83rd Chemical Battalion, Fort Stewart (GA)
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Fort Stewart (GA)
 21st Chemical Company, Fort Bragg (NC)
 25th Chemical Company (Tech Escort), Fort Stewart (GA)
 51st Chemical Company, Fort Stewart (GA)
 59th Chemical Company, Fort Drum (NY)
 92nd Chemical Company, Fort Stewart (GA)
  110th Chemical Battalion, Joint Base Lewis–McChord (WA)
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Joint Base Lewis–McChord (WA)
 9th Chemical Company (Tech Escort), Joint Base Lewis–McChord (WA)
 11th Chemical Company (Tech Escort), Joint Base Lewis–McChord (WA)
 45th Chemical Company, Joint Base Lewis–McChord (WA)

The 83rd Chemical Battalion was formerly the 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion, which fought with the 1st, 3rd, and 4th Ranger Battalions in North Africa, Sicily, and Italy until those three battalions were destroyed during Operation Shingle.  They were part of the 6615th Ranger Force which also included the 509th Parachute Infantry Battalion. The lineage of the 2nd Chemical Battalion (CBRN) goes back to the 30th Engineer Regiment (Gas and Flame), formed in 1917. The battalion and its predecessor units fought in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, Operation Desert Storm, and Operation Iraqi Freedom.

Commanders
Colonel Vance P. (Phil) Visser (2007–2009)
Colonel Eric Brigham (2009–2011)
Colonel Maria Zumwalt (2011–2013)
Colonel Sven Erichsen (2013–2015)
Colonel Christopher Cox (2015–2017)
Colonel Christopher Hoffman (2017–2019)
Colonel W. Maria Bochat (2019–2021)
Colonel Alexander C. Lovasz (2021–Present)

Command Sergeants Major
CSM Donald Moten (2007–2011)
CSM Kenneth M. Graham (2011–2013)
CSM Kendall Owens (2013–2015)
CSM Christopher Williams (2015–2017)
CSM Ronrico Hayes (2017–2020)
CSM William F. Allen III (2020–present)

References

External links
 Official homepage

048
Military units and formations established in 2007


E3 2017 continues today with Sony's press briefing, beginning at 6 PM PT. You can watch the stream live here on GameSpot, while you can follow along with our liveblog below.
Sony has not yet provided much insight into what to expect from the company's showing at E3 this year, but Insomniac's Spider-Man, Days Gone, and the new God of War all seem like possibilities.


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text:
What Were the Minoans Best Kno...
Home History Ancient History
What Were the Minoans Best Known For?
The Minoans were the people of ancient Crete who are remembered for their art and for building up a strong civilization in Europe to precede the Greeks. They are considered to be the first European civilization.
In the 1900s, the Minoans were given their name by Sir Arthur Evans, a British archaeologist who thought he had found the palace of King Minos of Greek mythology. The Minoan economy was based on commerce and natural resources. Trade routes were complex between Crete, Syria, Egypt and other Mediterranean regions; trade included food, cloth, dyes, tin, precious stones, timber, silver and gold. There were many farming families in Crete, as well as a wealthy class.
The Minoans are known for their palaces, especially at Knossos, and their art, including wall frescoes and statues depicting religious scenes. Crafts included painting, pottery and bronze working. They also had a powerful navy. Their language has not yet been translated.
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text:
TNA Impact - March 26, 2009
By BruteSquad_BRODY, March 19, 2009 in TNA Wrestling
BruteSquad_BRODY 0
I'm on the Brute Squad
DrVenkman PhD 0
Former Mr. Wrestling 2008
That's... odd. How did this happen?
At any rate, from F4W:
Jim Cornette announced a Royal Rumble on TV, but in a cage. The last two will become team captains and pick three partners for the Lethal Lockdown match on 4/19 in Philadelphia. Jeff Jarrett then asked to be in the match.
Suicide b Kiyoshi to keep the X title
Angelina Love & Velvet Sky b Awesome Kong & Raisha Saeed. Love & Sky tried to cut Kong's hair, but she recovered without it happening
Sting challenged Mick Foley to a match at Lockdown and Foley accepted. Foley talked about how this will be bigger than the other PPV show in April.
Long Rumble ending with Kurt Angle and Samoa Joe winning. They did a singles match where Joe pinned Angle to win the match.
Angles Broken Fricken Neck 0
Location:Mikes mom
Interests:Stuff
I fail to see how Foley vs Sting will be a bigger ppv than say i dunno, wrestlemania...
Scroby 0
The Rocky Horror Norcal Pro Wrestling Ref/Techie
I think Foley vs Sting could be a better main than Orton vs HHH or Edge vs Cena vs Big Show. But that's just me personally.
luke-o 0
This is a MUMORPUGER!
Location:Reading, England
Wrestlemania is big this year because the PPV is called Wresltemania. And that's about it.
But a Royal Rumble in a cage? How does that work? Those wacky bookers.
Jingus 0
Universal Solder
I was wondering that too. Elimination by pinfall? Over the top rope of the cage? Reverse battle royal? Why do these things always have to be so complicated.
I know that Foley is always a good company man wherever he works, but c'mon, claiming that Lockdown will be bigger than Wrestlemania? Especially when no matter how well Sting and Foley do in that cage, they're still not gonna beat Shawn Michaels and Undertaker for the title of "best PPV match between two middle-aged men in the month of April". Taking shots at the other company when you're finishing in such a distant second place feels like desperation, or sour grapes, or maybe just plain ol' delusional hallucinations.
Who is booking the women's division, and how can I meet them in order to slap them with a dead fish in a rolled-up newspaper? STOP the stupid "Beautiful People cut hair off every female who's a better wrestler than them" gimmick already.
I do find it ironic that somehow the WWE still refuses to ever do a Wargames match, when even TNA is doing them every year (under a different name) and often not doing them badly.
From another set of spoilers
- Impact started with all TNA talent on the ramp as Jim Cornette announced a Lethal Lockdown main event for the Lockdown PPV in Philadelphia next month. He went on to make a 20-man Gauntlet match in a cage for the main event of tonight's show (airing next week remember). The last two in the Gauntlet match will captain at team at teh PPV. Kurt Angle grabs a mic and says he'll win tonight. Jeff Jarrett comes out and puts himself in the match. The segment ends in a brawl.
theone 0
It's two over-the-hill guys who can barely go anymore, I just don't see the attraction..
The Buzz 0
Ready to train in 2009
Location:Detroit, MI USA
Interests:Bodybuilding, Pro-wrestling, novel writing, movies, drawing, and my fiance.
I'll say that to me the attraction would be greater if I hadn't seen Foley in that six man tag match, and if Sting hadn't been injured, which is obviously affecting his work.
I know that Foley is always a good company man wherever he works, but c'mon, claiming that Lockdown will be bigger than Wrestlemania? Especially when no matter how well Sting and Foley do in that cage, they're still not gonna beat Shawn Michaels and Undertaker for the title of "best PPV match between two middle-aged men in the month of April".
I'm not sure dude. We've all seen Shawn and Taker before and although I've no doubt that they will be the best match on the show (in fairness, they've not a lot to compete against), Sting vs Foley seems fresh and more interesting.
I don't think they'll have a better match (in fact, they won't), but out of the two, this one is more appealing.
Fresh? Yeah, because the last time they wrestled was seventeen years ago. They're basing the feud off stuff that none of today's fans will remember unless they've happened to read Have A Nice Day. I just don't see how these two guys can do much together in 2009. They've had a few good matches since the turn of the millenium, though they always needed the other guy to carry them at least a little bit. Foley hasn't had a good non-hardcore singles match since I don't know when, and Sting's good matches all involved more athletic guys who were decades younger. Foley doesn't have the physical ability to keep up in a Main Event Style Match like Sting had with Angle or Jarrett or Joe, which pretty much leaves one avenue left: weapons and/or blood. Sting flirted with hardcore stuff during the Abyss feud, so maybe he'll do it, but I still have a hard time imagining the match being very good. Especially not helping is the fact that it's at Lockdown, and the cage will greatly limit their options in terms of brawling spots. And finally, well, TNA has a pretty lousy track record with its PPV booking recently, relying more and more on screwjobs even in the uppercard matches; hopefully that won't be the case here, but the writers have kept getting worse about that shit.
I still wanna see the match, out of curiousity if nothing else. I just don't have much hope for it being anything special.
The Ghost of bps21 0
Owns All
"They're basing the feud off stuff that none of today's fans will remember "
They're basing it off of Foley getting pissed at Sting for deciding that Foley was done in the match last night and waffling him with a chair. It was yesterday.
cd213 0
Victor Crowley Lives!!
Location:College Point, New York
I find it funny that people complain when Foley or someone else puts over WWE, that said wrestlers shouldn't put over the competition, and when Foley puts over his own product as better people complain about that as well. Now, don't get me wrong, I'm not being a TNA apologist here, in fact last night was the first time I watched any part of Impact since last month's PPV, mainly because I thought it sucked, and the MEM vs Frontline feud bores me right now. My point being, that either way TNA goes about it, putting over the competition or putting them down, people are complaining. What do you want them to do then? (and I know the same people aren't complaining both sides, but there are people complaining for both directions.)
Hunter's Torn Quad 0
Lifetime Triple Crown Champion
The spoilers that vanished said this:
- Next up, Sting called out Mick Foley. Foley accepts Sting's challenge for a match at Lockdown and says its being talked about more than "the other" wrestling PPV in April. I guess he means WrestleMania, but even Backlash would be a push.
It would be a bit of a stretch at the best of times for anyone in TNA to say that their upcoming PPV match is being talked about more than that months WWE PPV. But to say something like that the month of Wrestlemania? That's just absurd, because no TNA PPV match is going to be talked about more than Wrestlemania. Which is why people ripped into it. If TNA want to brag, it's a good idea to keep it realistic.
From what I've heard and seen of both guys, they will do whatever they need to in the ring to get the match over. Flat out it won't be a technical masterpiece, but it has a fighting chance of being a helluva fight. Sting's knee and Foley's nagging injuries may get in the way, but it won't be from a lack of either man trying. To say this ppv will be more talked about than Wrestlemania is a stretch, but I do think Foley/Sting is a Wrestlemania caliber match even with both guys in the tail-end of their careers.
I think he picked the right year to say it. Becuase, honestly...is anyone really excited for Mania 25?
I did say "seems fresh".
And I also did say that HBK/Taker would have a better match. My point was, Foley/Sting seems better on paper than HBK/Taker.
I think he picked the right year to say it. Because, honestly...is anyone really excited for Mania 25?
The right year to say it would be when TNA are equal to WWE. And more people are excited for this years Wrestlemania than Lockdown or any match on it. Hell, there are probably going to be more people at Wrestlemania than are excited for Lockdown or any match on it.
I just think it's a nice jab at an underwhelming Mania. I don't subscribe to the theory that companies should act like they exist in a bubble unaware of things that everyone else knows.
I don't think anybody has said that TNA should live in a bubble. What they have said, however, is that TNA should be careful as to how and when they take jabs at WWE. And knocking the biggest show of the year comes off as ridiculous, especially when TNA are so minor league in comparison. At least Eric Bischoff had the sense to wait until WCW and WWF were on comparatively equal footing before taking his shots.
cabbageboy 0
Jobber to the Stars
Foley and Sting could be a decent match but as good as UT/HBK at WM? I tend to doubt it. If anything it would be due to Sting not being on his game anymore. Foley will probably take a few bumps or have a bit in the tank, but Sting? Not so much.
Eugenius 0
While Foley/Sting might not be as good of a wrestling match as Taker/HBK, I think that, if last week's promos are any indication, the Foley/Sting storyline will be a lot more entertaining.
garfieldsnose 0
If you've seen any of the HBK/UT promos, then no, Foley/Sting won't be more entertaining.
And that's not even counting the angle to be shown tomorrow night.
Seriously, I said this Foley/Sting was a piece of shit match, and it is. The whole point of TNA should be to get over the younger talent and have them in main events in every PPV. Sting/Foley does not help out TNA at all. Obviously, they're going for the big 4 or 5 or even 6 PPV's per year, but they're relying on name recognition for this main event, which shouldn't be happening.
I'll be happy if they go out and have a good match. It'll be a clusterfuck, and if Foley wins the TNA title, that's just amazingly retarded.
RedJed 0
Rawkin My Ass Off 88' Style With Mikey Tenay and Davey Meltz
Just watching the show now, did anyone else notice this in the first segment - I swear Angle had talking points (for his promo at the start of the show) written on the inside of his left hand, or maybe I was just hoping it was, because it would be typical TNA unintentional comedy stuff.
Suicide v Kioshi was alright.
Was kind of strange seeing them starting a Kong vs. Beautiful People feud, but that's better than Kong doing recycled stuff with Taylor Wild or some shit.
Wow, and the first commercial during a break is 12 Rounds. Genius. I think they aired about 4-5 more commercials for the film during the rest of the show.
Foley/Sting promo was really good I thought, you can tell they both are taking the program seriously. It's good to see one of likely TNA's strongest builds to a match this year will probably be this one, much like Angle/Joe at Lockdown was last year.
Oh boy, the cage is getting a makeover at the ppv , a bit scared to see what they are going to come up with.
Interesting idea to stretch out that cage gauntlet match for basically an entire hour on TV. My first thought was, umm how the fuck do they actually eliminate someone from the match? I'm sure giving this match so much time has alot to do to try to "strike the iron while it's hot" thought process of them trying to hook more viewers from the heels of the main event last week, which was apparently TNA's best quarter hour ever. So they want to hook them earlier than usual, and then keep them to the end. For what it's worth, it was probably the best gauntlet match ever that TNA has done in terms of match quality as well. So it would be a well deserved ratings bump, in that case.
TNA really has no say over what advertisements air during the commercials. I believe Spike does, but most of the time, if I'm not mistaken, companies pay providers to air their commercials. I could be very wrong, but I believe that's how it works.
So, having just seen the ending to Ultimate X on Impact, are we supposed to have a suspiscion that Suicide is actually Daniels under a mask?
Or is it just coincidence that they had Daniels do the exact same finish as 2 years ago, even after they used the original a couple of weeks ago in the build-up videos to Destination X?
johnson316cane 0
Seriously, someone point Samoa Joe to a gym. If he keeps this up, he's going to look like Yokozuna.
Yeah, I know that Spike sells the ads to whoever, but I just find it really ironic in how they were placed.
That gauntlet match over the last half of the show was a dubious idea. It's meant to be a Rumble style match but since there's a cage everyone has to be pinned in order to be eliminated. So everyone on the roster aside from Joe ended up doing a job during the course of one show, sometimes after taking one move of offense.
LuckyLopez 0
I really thought there were only a handful of guys who looked arguably bad taking a loss. 2 of them were No Limit who don't really matter for TNA. Homicide and Morgan were the unfortunate ones but I don't think they necessarily looked "bad." Just early eliminations who you can't point to them being in a war or lasting a long time. Eric Young and Hernandez got the double team from Steiner and Angle for quick eliminations but I didn't TOTALLY mind it with Hernandez. He threw the two of them around for 90 seconds before Angle caught him. My bigger issue there is the general idea that an Angle Slam is good enough to keep down a fresh man after no other offense.
But I guess its perception. I was watching with someone who freaked out when Booker pinned AJ after one move but I and others couldn't understand how he was reacting that way. AJ had been in the match for 40 minutes. He had been through hell before Booker got in the ring. Booker merely took advantage and got the pin. It was 1 move for Booker but 40 minutes of wrestling for AJ. But he still couldn't get past "one move" and maybe he's not alone in that mind set. Personally it doesn't strike me as a knock that guys like AJ, Rhino, and Angle got pinned after extended matches. Or that Angle managed to clean house on Lethal Consequences and the Guns after they had taken it to each other. I don't know. Its wrestling, you lose matches and this was a match where 19 out of 20 people were going to get pinned. No great shame in it. But I guess I can understand that some people just see a loss as a loss since there's certainly the "_____ is jobbing" reaction that occurs all over the web for any company when a favorite takes a couple of losses without clear purpose.
I didn't love the way the Gauntlet ended. I didn't hate it but its not like I was into Jarrett as the big hero to do what Hernandez couldn't. And the weird way they did the Jarrett/Joe thing just screwed up pacing. Jarrett coming out at 20, West screaming like an idiot about how it was unfair for him to get a 2nd chance even though he never entered the match in the first place, and then Joe coming out well after his clock while West continued to yell nonsense and Tenay actually had to say "He's only 21 if you count Jarrett twice." It was just kind of a mess. And between the underwhelming nature of Jarrett as the hero and the underwhelming image of Joe at the moment I couldn't help but realize that I would have been more excited with quite a few guys winning that match including the 19th entrant.
Go To Topic Listing TNA Wrestling


One of the things that is more and more apparent in the last few weeks is that Google may well not last forever. Now, I have a Gmail account, I "back up" a lot of blog content on a Google site, which isn't really "back-up" given that Blogger is also a Google application. I have stuff on Google Drive, etc. And heck; I even have an Android phone, which of course uses a Google architecture.
I've come around to some Principles of remixing Eberron, although I haven't yet spelled them out exactly. Before I start the next nations on this survey, how about I "chat" about them, just a bit?
Here's the latest version of my map; a bit updated. You can see, I think, which systems I've detailed—they have a few details imprinted on them beyond just the name.
I spent the weekend at a waterpark with the family, but a few things crystallized while I was sitting there in a lawn chair in the sun in front of the outdoor waterslides.


text:
Chipotle And Jersey Mike's To Open New Locations In Saco, Maine
Joey Published: July 18, 2021
For nearly a year, residents of Saco and Biddeford have been teased with the notion of a new Chipotle location arriving along Route 1. When Krispy Kreme went out of business, social media was abuzz that Chipotle would be moving into the vacated space. Instead, that space is becoming a Chase Bank. But fear not Chipotle lovers, there is a new location headed to Saco and it appears to be coming with a friend.
According to Saco Bay News, the Saco City Council approved a contract zone that will allow a developer to turn the abandoned Pizza Hut location at 507 Main Street into a multi-unit commercial property that will include a new Chipotle location as well as a New Jersey Mike's Subs location. The contract zone granted to the developer also allows for a unit to feature a drive-thru. It's unclear whether Chipotle would feature a drive-thru or if another new business could join the building and utilize the drive-thru.
Saco and Biddeford is likely to welcome Chipotle with open arms. After repeated rumors and disappointment, fans of the fast-casual restaurant will finally get their wish. But before you start planning a burrito party, you'll be waiting for a bit before the location actually opens. As of this writing, there was no firm timetable as to when Chipotle or Jersey Mike's will open in Saco. There are currently six Chipotle locations in Maine and only one Jersey Mike's operating in the state.
(Photo Credit: Jersey Mike's Subs Via Facebook)
5 National Chains That Didn't Last Long in Maine
Source: Chipotle And Jersey Mike's To Open New Locations In Saco, Maine
Filed Under: Biddeford, Chipotle, hut, Jersey, mexican, Mike's, new, One, Opening, Pizza, restaurant, route, Saco, Subs
The Super Bowl for Food Has Picked 11 Semifinalists From Maine
Bar Harbor is Welcoming New Year Round Mouth-Watering Pizzeria Sports Bar
Have You Been to This Local Spot in Portland That Mainers Have Loved for Years?
Popular Bar in Lewiston, Maine, The Cage is Closing After 54 Years
This New Hampshire Pizza Place Voted One of the Best in Entire U.S.
Iconic Taste of Maine Restaurant in Woolwich, Maine, is for Sale
Mr. Tuna Excited to Open Their Own Place in Portland's Old Port


text:
Q: How do I truncate a value to so I can compare to another? I am new to Cypress and learning the ropes. In my test I am trying to get two values, combine them and do a calculation on those to validate against. The code is mostly working, however this is a currency based test so if the results go beyond 2 decimal places the validation fails. I don't want to do any rounding, just truncate beyond the cent (example: 24.558 should be 24.55)
This is my code, I'm getting a sub total, adding in a shipping cost, multiplying it by a tax amount and validating that against the tax shown. Any help would be much appreciated!
cy.get('.sub-total')
   .invoke('text')
   .then(text => +text.replace('$','').trim())
   .then(initial => {
      cy.get('.shipping-total-cost')
      .invoke('text')
      .then(text => +text.replace('$','').trim())
      .then(secondary => {
         cy.get('.tax-total')
         .invoke('text')
         .then(text => +text.replace('$','').trim())
         .should('eq',(initial + secondary) * this.contactDetails.taxValue)
      })
   })

A: Alternative to should('eq'..., check for a maximum diff with a closeTo assertion.
cy.get('.tax-total')
  .invoke('text')
  .then(text => +text.replace('$','').trim())
  .should('be.closeTo', (initial + secondary) * this.contactDetails.taxValue, 0.01)

Checking truncation, these all work
expect(24.558).to.be.closeTo(24.55, 0.01)
expect(24.559).to.be.closeTo(24.55, 0.01)
expect(24.551).to.be.closeTo(24.55, 0.01)

but this doesn't
expect(24.00).not.to.be.closeTo(23.999, 0.01)  // rounding up 23.999 -> 24.00

To truncate to 2 decimals, pre-format with a function
const dec2 = (value) => {
  const text = value.toString()
  const match = text.match(/([0-9]*(\.?[0-9]?[0-9]?)?)/)
  return +match[0]
}

cy.get('.tax-total')
  .invoke('text')
  .then(text => +text.replace('$','').trim())
  .then(dec2)       // not needed if form validation restricts input to 2 decimals
  .should('be.closeTo', dec2((initial + secondary) * this.contactDetails.taxValue), 0.01)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: $1/x^2$ is not uniformly continuous on $(0,1)$ The following is what I tried. I just start studying analysis. I am not sure if I am right. Please let me know if you see any mistake.
Prove $f(x)=1/x^2$ is not uniformly continuous on (0,1).
Definition : $f(x)=1/x^2$ is uniformly continuous on (0,1) if, given $\epsilon>0$, there exists a $\delta>0$ such that for all $x,y\in(0,1)$ with $|x-y|<\delta$, we have $|\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{y^2}|<\epsilon$.
So, my goal is to find a epsilon that contradicts the definition so that I prove $f(x)$ is not uniformly continuous.
Let $x\in(0,1)$.
Since $0<x<1$, we have $1<\frac{1}{x}$. So, $1<\frac{1}{x^2} \Leftrightarrow 3<\frac{3}{x^2}$.
And, Suppose $y=\frac{x}{2}$.
Then, $|f(x)-f(y)|=|\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{y^2}|=|\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{4}{x^2}|=|\frac{3}{x^2}|>3$.
So, if we choose $\epsilon =2$ and $y=x/2$, $|f(x)-f(y)|$ is never less than $\epsilon$.
Thus, it is not uniformly continuous.
(I feel like I should use $\delta$ somewhere , but not sure where to use it...please give me some advise.

A: You are correct. With regard your uncertainty regarding $\delta$...
You are saying for your chosen $\epsilon$, no $\delta$ will work. Suppose such a $\delta$ existed for your $\epsilon$. Then, if $|x-y|=|x-\frac{x}{2}|=|\frac{x}{2}|<\delta$, we have $|f(x)-f(y)|>3>\epsilon$. Most importantly, we need the existence of such an $x$ in our domain and for $\frac{x}{2}$ to also be in the domain. This works as $(0,1)$ is our domain and not say $(1,\infty)$.
In short, you implictly mention it by having $\frac{x}{2}$.

A: Assume that your function is uniformly continuous on $(0,1)$. Then for a given $\varepsilon >0$ it must exists a $\delta=\delta(\varepsilon)>0$ such that for every $x,y \in (0,1)$ such that $|x-y|<\delta$ it is $|f(x)-f(y)|<\varepsilon$. Now, let be $x=2/n$ and $y=1/n$ with $n$ positive integer greater than $2$. You will get
$$
\left| {x - y} \right| < \delta  \Rightarrow \left| {\frac{1}
{{x^2 }} - \frac{1}
{{y^2 }}} \right| < \varepsilon
$$
or
$$
\frac{{\left| {y - x} \right|\left| {y + x} \right|}}
{{x^2 y^2 }} < \varepsilon
$$
Since $|x-y|=1/n$, if $n>1/\delta$ you would have that for such values of $n$ it must be
$$
\frac{{\left| {\frac{1}
{n} - \frac{2}
{n}} \right|\left| {\frac{1}
{n} + \frac{2}
{n}} \right|}}
{{\frac{1}
{{n^2 }} \cdot \frac{4}
{{n^2 }}}} < \varepsilon
$$
or $3n^2/4<\varepsilon$ which is absurd.