To make money betting on sports is possible, but requires discipline, practice and understanding of odds and sportsbooks. The best way to illustrate what is required is to show the numbers behind becoming a successful sports bettor. In this article we will take a look at a simulation that shows 10,000 simulated bets of $110 placed on -110 odds. We do this using the spreadsheets linked here: Excel, OpenOffice.
Listed along the top of the spreadsheet are percentages between 50 and 60%. You can focus in on the winning ratio you expect to attain. These numbers weren't chosen at random. Because -110 is generally the odds that imply a probability winning 50% of your bets, this is your starting point as a sports bettor. 60% is about the highest winning percentage you can expect over time in sports betting. If anyone ever tells you they pick winners over time more than 60% of the time, they are either trying to get money out of you or they are deluding themselves. Run, don't walk. A reasonable goal to make money betting on sports is 56-57%.
The first thing to notice is is the red "Expected Winnings" line. This line isn't simulated. It is purely the math behind the expected outcome of these bets at the various outcomes. For example, a 54% bettor can expect to win 5,400 bets, winning $100 on each bet (remember, the -110 odds), meanwhile losing 4,600 bets costing $110 per time. That is going to win you $34,000 on average BUT that isn't guaranteed to be the case. In betting there is volatility. That is where the simulated blue line comes in.
Because it is a simulation based on random numbers and the winning percentage, there is what we call volatility in the outcome. You see, over time the simulation should approach the red line, but in reality it is never going to be perfect. In a million bets…a billion…there is still going to be volatility. That is why increasing your winning percentage, even by a fraction is vital to make money betting on sports.
You'll notice a very important point in the red line at 52.4%. This is the most important number for sports bettors. This is the break even point where you break free of the sportsbooks juice or vig, and start making profit. It doesn't sound too hard, but as you can see, each fraction of a percent above that point means less chance that volatility is going to adversely affect the outcome and more profit.
Once again here are the links to the simulated spreadsheets: Excel, OpenOffice. I invite you to download them and run through some simulations by pressing CTRL-Shift-F9, which will make the blue line shift around.
Get used to fighting for every percent. Get used to fighting for every half point in the spread. Get ready to fight for every fraction in the odds. In my articles, I am going to get you as close to 52.4% as I can. To make money sports betting, the rest is going to be up to you.
Making money betting on sports is possible, but it requires discipline, practice and understanding of odds and sportsbooks. The best way to illustrate what is required is to show the numbers behind becoming a successful sports bettor.


The instrument is used for the measurement of moisture content. The measured materials include as follows: Woodiness-cellulose substance and bamboo product, wood produce, Chinese traditional medicine, tobacco, cotton, paper, etc.
·The instrument joins the measuring instrument, display, power supply and circuit board together.
assessing the moisture conditions in buildings.
This compact and lightweight meter is just the tool for the job.


text:
Eilema semperi is a moth of the  subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in the Philippines (Luzon).

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

semperi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Define energy in the context of production of injury.
Describe the relationship of injury and energy exchange to speed.
Discuss energy exchange and the production of cavitation.
injury pattern for an unrestrained occupant.
the head, spine, thorax, abdomen, and extremities resulting from that exchange.
Describe the function of restraint systems for vehicle occupants.
Describe the five phases of blast injury and the injuries produced in each phase.
to you. There are two occupants in the vehicle.
four injured patients—two in each car—and all have remained in the cars.
transportation. Take the patients one at a time and describe them based on the kinematics.
How would you describe each patient based upon the kinematics?
What injuries do you expect to find?
than 169,000 deaths in the United States each year.
deaths and more than 4 million injured persons in 2008.
triage, management, and transportation decisions.
the moving human body and a stationary object.
necessarily infl uence the kinematics of the crash.
organs and his or her chest wall, abdominal wall, or skull.
crucial to the patient outcome.
Simply stated, the precrash phase is the prevention phase.
ics of energy). Lastly, the postcrash is the patient care phase.
two components—energy exchange and human anatomy.
restraint devices such as seat belts? Did the air bag deploy?
injuries and appropriate patient care.
understanding of the pertinent laws of physics is necessary.
the ground and comes to a stop.
skull, halting the forward motion.
a bullet, or a baseball bat.
Evaluating the scene of an incident is critical.
provides insight into the possible injuries of the occupants.
concept of mechanism of injury.
that has to be converted to another form when he or she stops.
less harmful form, such as on a seat belt or into an air bag.
or both) in a high-speed crash than in a crash at a slower speed.
even when there is a great mass disparity between two objects.
Force (energy) is required to put a structure into motion.
lost as heat (dissipated into the brake disks on the wheels).
of energy produced by the burning of the gunpowder or force.
or the explosion of an improvised explosive device (IED).
the vehicle, into the brakes.
surface, such as concrete, can produce more severe injuries.
than allowing all of the energy to be absorbed by the body.
will absorb a signifi cant portion of the energy transfer.
damage to the pedestrian than to the vehicle.
depend on which type of organ is impacted.
tact with the hand, increasing the amount of force on it.
pedestrian to knock the victim away from the point of impact.
to the ground or into another vehicle.
game that provides a visual effect of cavitation is pool.
energy exchange occurs in both blunt and penetrating trauma.
examines the patient, even seconds after the impact.
impact. The organs or the structures involved predict injuries.
Trauma is generally classifi ed as either blunt or penetrating.
missile, the larger the temporary cavity and the greater the zone of tissue damage.
the trunk returns the body back to its normal shape.
trating trauma creates both a permanent and a temporary cavity.
pathway of this missile in both frontal and lateral directions.
potential injuries that exist after the crash.
mirror damage, dashboard knee impacts).
lisions with vehicles, falls, sports injuries, or blast injuries.
in each of the body regions.
accelerating it away from the bullet.
discussed in the specifi c regions involved.
Highway Traffi c Safety Administration (NHTSA).
In MVCs and other rapid-deceleration mechanisms (e.g.
with the wall of the compartment that contains them.
tion of energy by the vehicle.
pants are to be injured.
traveling forward, causing deformation of the vehicle.
the abdomen strikes the steering wheel and abruptly stops.
ankle. Therefore, the knees strike the dashboard.
the head as the lead point.
focused on this joint and adjacent structures (Figure 4-17).
absorbed on the bone shaft, which can then break (Figure 4-18).
a posterior dislocation of the acetabular joint (Figure 4-19).
body will bend forward into the steering column or dashboard.
injuries described previously for the up-and-over pathway.
efi ts to the patient.
the arch and descending aorta may also result in a complete rupture, leading to immediate exsanguination in the chest. C and D.
to create damage and acceleration.
continues forward until something stops that motion.
absorption of energy along the lower extremity.
posterior dislocation of the acetabular joint.
energy is absorbed on the bone shaft, which can then break.
neck, can result in injury (Figure 4-20A).
an astronaut launching into orbit.
increases the likelihood of injury.
compartment provides another source of injury.
restraints. Elderly patients have a high frequency of injury.
passenger moves laterally with the vehicle.
and moves with the initial motion of the vehicle.
the force is against the shoulder (Figure 4-24).
5. Head. The head can impact the frame of the door.
injuries are seen in the victim closest to the point of impact.
on the femur pushes the head through the acetabulum or fractures the pelvis.
because of the signifi cant forces created by a rolling vehicle.
The forces are similar to the forces of a spinning carnival ride.
totally ejected from a vehicle were killed.
role in the potential for injury and death to the occupants.
The center of gravity of the skull is anterior and superior to its pivot point between the skull and cervical spine.
rotates them apart. Jumped facets, ligaments, tears, and lateral compression fractures result.
somewhat unpredictable injuries that are usually severe.
sustain less of a direct blow in a lateral impact.
have a higher index of suspicion for serious injury.
pared with 67% in a 1999 NHTSA report.
lives have been saved in the United States alone since 1975.
receiving life-threatening injuries is greatly reduced.
shaped pelvis protects the soft intra-abdominal organs.
be trapped between the moving posterior wall and the belt.
as well as blowout ruptures of the small intestine and colon.
racic (T12), fi rst lumbar (L1), and second lumbar (L2) vertebrae.
the arm and not over the shoulder, risking serious injury.
number of fatal crashes is signifi cantly reduced.
patient care or extrication of the critical patient.
not know how to properly install child restraining systems.
bag injuries are limited to simple abrasions.
sides and tops of the doors.
will tip forward, and the rider will crash into the handlebars.
between the biker's pelvis and the handle bars.
the abdominal cavity as a result of energy exchange.
motorcyclists includes boots, leather clothing, and helmets.
ated reduction in motorcycle incidents.
unless they directly strike another object (Figure 4-37).
handlebars. The driver can also be ejected.
strike the windshield) (Figure 4-38B).
initially struck higher on the body than adults (Figure 4-40A).
rider's lower extremity between the object that was impacted and the motorcycle.
("road rash") as the rider's speed is slowed on the asphalt.
A. Phase 1. When a pedestrian is struck by a vehicle, the initial impact is to the legs and sometimes to the hips.
thrown clear of the vehicle, as usually occurs with an adult.
dragged, struck by projections, or run over by a wheel).
possible spine injury as well.
escape and will be hit in the back or the side.
and SUVs), the entire potential patient is hit simultaneously.
torso, neck, and head, an unstable spine fracture may result.
travelling next to or behind the fi rst.
ries are high on the suspicion list.
appropriate management of a patient.
Victims of falls can also sustain injury from multiple impacts.
energy involved and, thus, the energy exchange that occurred.
of energy) also have an effect on stopping distance.
a vehicle but may be trapped and dragged by the vehicle.
cave side and distraction injuries occur on the convex side.
pathway of the frontal-impact collision.
impacts similar to motorcycle crashes or MVCs.
motorcycle crashes were described earlier.
What forces acted on the victim, and how?
What are the apparent injuries?
Was protective gear being worn?
therefore, must have sustained a similar high-impact injury.
injury and an unstable spine for the second skier.
struck by the stick or fell on it.
1. Evaluate the patient for life-threatening injury.
victim may have affected any other person.
6. Assess the patient for possible associated injuries.
further evaluation and treatment at a medical facility.
(2) the internal part of the body, usually vital internal organs.
component and region for potential injuries.
the skull into the brain (Figure 4-42).
spinal cord, it will most likely occur at the brain stem.
to the point at which the skull attaches to the bony spine.
cause stretching injuries to the soft tissues of the neck.
the skull and the cervical spine.
bone are fractured and are pushed into the brain substance.
the organs strike and are compressed against the sternum.
impact is compressed, bruised, and perhaps even lacerated.
skull, with tearing and lacerations of the vessels involved.
clinical condition known as flail chest.
own axis or angled in hyperextension or hyperflexion.
the initial segment of the aorta continue their forward motion.
phragm is lost and ventilation is affected.
reduce the space available for lung expansion.
pression of their blood supply.
the aortic valve. This force against the valve can rupture it.
increase results in a sudden increase of aortic blood pressure.
with enough pressure to cause rupture of the valve cusps.
or anywhere along the length of the pedicle (see Figure 4-13).
tine, large intestine, and spleen.
a cheese slicer cutting cheese.
patients with pelvic fractures also have a genitourinary injury.
cutting wire into a block of cheese.
pression fractures of the pelvic bones or the ring of the pelvis.
the fractures may involve the acetabulum.
else along the pelvic ring.
break one side and push it back towards the sacra-iliac joint.
out of the gun and toward its target.
analyzed based on these factors.
larger cavity forms and more injury occurs.
more drag, then a much greater energy exchange will occur.
in the air and only deform on impact.
metrical shape causes an end-over-end motion, or tumble.
bullets, and outlawing their use in war.
entering the body. This can be active or passive fragmentation.
example of the fragmentation injury pattern.
little fi nger side and stab downward (Figure 4-54).
poles in snow sports, and handlebar injuries in bicycling.
Firearms fall into two groups: medium energy and high energy.
to stab upwards whereas female attackers tend to stab downwards.
movement of the blade inside the victim.
from the surface into the wound.
the energy of the weapon rather than loss of kinetic energy.
tion and a significant amount of damage.
and nearby organs and vessels may result.
A. Medium-energy weapons are usually guns that have short barrels and contain cartridges with less power.
permanent. The temporary expansion can also produce injury.
by the arsenal in Dum Dum, India).
of 1899, which outlawed the use of dum-dum bullets in war.
in this pathway can be approximated.
A. Graze wound to the scalp created by a projectile from a high-velocity weapon. The skull was not fractured.
B. High-velocity gunshot wound to the leg demonstrating the large, permanent cavity.
of the body during penetrating trauma.
exit wound is stellate or linear.
thickness burns on the skin.
traveled from top right to bottom left.
explode from the inside out (Figure 4-63).
exchange all of their energy into the brain.
systems may be injured by a penetrating object.
chest wall may be pushed aside without significant damage.
less mobile because they are tethered to the spine or the heart.
several hours or several days.
container (the skull) may explode from the inside out.
sel within minutes or hours.
the trajectory of the missiles.
shotgun shell contains gunpowder, wadding, and projectiles.
pelled from the muzzle and can infl ict injury on the victim.
fi cial layers of the skin.
charge to boost the muzzle velocity of the shot.
distance from the point of impact.
result in a split face without the shot reaching the brain.
missiles travel through soft tissue.
A. An average birdshot shell may contain 200 to 2000 pellets. B. A buckshot shell may contain only 6 to 20 pellets.
let wounds and result from a range of greater than 18 feet.
signifi cant damage to internal structures.
regardless of the initial impression of the injury.
alties and multiple, penetrating injuries (Figure 4-70).
casing and surrounding debris; and electromagnetic energy.
Modified from: Sherman RT, Parrish RA: Management of shotgun injuries: a review of 152 cases. J Trauma 18:236, 1978.
to ranges of thousands of feet.
transmitting energy from the blast wave into the structure.
to air or liquid (e.g. lung, heart, liver, and bowel).
destructive potential of the pressure waves.
enclosed-space than in open-air bombings.
rupture is not predictive of lung injury.
to the explosive device and released upon detonation.
the damage radius of a free-fi eld explosive.
ing to major confusion as to what constitutes a blast injury.
and are the primary cause of explosion-related injury.
From: NAEMT: PHTLS Prehospital Trauma Life Support: Military edition, ed 7, St Louis, 2011, Mosby.
the potential for severe or life-threatening injuries.
ferred to another object on contact.
Ejection from a car reduces the protection on impact.
Energy-absorbing protective devices are very important.
cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/nfi rates.html. Accessed December 4, 2009.
in vehicular trauma. Can J Surg 34(3):283–286, June 1991.
the patient to produce damage to the body parts.
the wound of entrance and the wound of exit.
bullet wounds, one below the ribs and one above the ribs.
any of the abdominal organs with associated hemorrhage.
Patient #2: Passenger side with side impact of car.
the steering wheel and head impact into the windshield.
spleen; 7) cervical spine facture; and 8) brain injury.
(CIREN) study. J Trauma 60(5):1072–1082, May 2006.
patients at risk of thoracic aortic tear by mechanism of injury.
J Trauma 48(6):1008–1013; discussion 1013–1014, June 2000.
reliable screening tool? A prospective study of 1,561 patients.
J Trauma 48(4):673–682; discussion 682–683, April 2000.
patterns. Calif Med 116(2):16–22, February 1972.
Advanced trauma life support course, Chicago, 2002, ACS.
htm. Accessed April 15, 2008.
in the global war on terrorism: 2003–2006. Unpublished data.
Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom wounded.
bombing. Mil Med 169:872–876, 2004.
29(7):981–1000; discussion 1000–1002, July, 1989.
trauma life support course, Chicago, 2002, ACS.
associated injuries. J Trauma 31(1):60, 1991.
Bartlett CS: Gunshot wound ballistics. Clin Orthop 408:28, 2003.
injuries. N Engl J Med 352:1335, 2005.
and forensic techniques, Boca Raton, Fla, 1999, CRC Press.
A major cause of tissue disruption. J Trauma 24:35, 1984.
of the Russian AK-47 assault rifl e. J Trauma 24:263, 1984.
shoulder belts. J Trauma 38:547, 1995.
protection. J Trauma 33(6):894, 1992.
editors: Trauma, ed 4, New York, 1999, McGraw-Hill.
ballistics. J Trauma 28:624, 1988.
Injury patterns and outcome. J Trauma 24:565, 1984.
victims. J Trauma 37(3):404, 1994.
of bullets. J Trauma 28:618, 1988.
background and BNM matrix model.


for his fans at a Catholic Church in Damascus.
so much the better for him.
and think why Assad must stay.
that the West is the conscience of the world.
is deposed, the Middle East will be lost.
will join the ISIL once their benefactor is deposed.
of former Iraqi and Libyan military.
It has turned into an Ahab* Spring.
not to be answerable to any other commander.
the attempted regime change by the US.
Rebels were armed to topple Assad's regime.
of killing his own people and brutalizing his countrymen.
and is ruling a properly installed parliamentary government.
to effect a regime change.
Hasn't America done enough already to mess up the Middle East?
The much-vaunted NATO forces has not lifted a finger to stop ISIS.
to saddle up and confront the ISIS!
The present situation in the Syrian Crisis just about eliminates the military strike on Syria, what with the talks between Kerry and his Russian counterpart going on in full blast.
What doubt that the Western Countries have regading Putin and Assad fulfilling their promises have now shifted their focus on Assad singly as not to be trusted.
Putin will see this destruction of the chemical weapons if only to save face. That, and the fact that he is in reality, afraid of the chemical weapons. Indeed these chemical weapons are proving to be more dreadful than the atom bomb. These chemicals do not have to be delivered by missiles, nor dropped from a plane, but simply disperse it manually into a crowd. This delivery is typical of terrorists and it will be a sad story should the terrorists get a hold of a lot of these chemical weapons.
Assad actually believes even before, that the terrosists have these chemical weapons and it is the terrorists who have been gassing the people. If this be so, then Assad does not really own the chemical weapons. It may be owned by a Middle East consortium who have used Syria as a warehouse, and Assad as the warehouseman.
But the fact is; both Assad, and Russia, and America, are afraid that these chemicals may be used against them, hence the scramble to find and destroy them. It also appears that the rebels objectives are to secure these weapons for themselves.
A question then arises ; who owns these chemical weapons? Should Assad answer this question?
Assad . Kerry . Russia . stockpile.
The prospect of solving the Syrian Problem by diplomacy thru the U.N. control and destroying the chemical weapons in Syria initiated a different but more passionate debate within the American rank and file. These debates which were aired on television reveals the American fear of losing credibility internationally.
Perhaps it is not the fear of losing credibility that they are afraid of. It is the fear of losing invincibility and the right to thumb their noses on any dictator that they choose.
I am glad that some of the points that I put up were touched, excluding only the "war reparations" point that I mentioned last.
Also, I can sense that the American hierarchy, if there is such a thing as American hierarchy, is starting to believe in what Assad says. It is now understood that what he means by the phrase "powder keg" in that it actually refers to the region's myriad of factions fighting against each to gain control of Syria if and when he is deposed. This more than strenthens my belief that it is actually the dictators like Hussein, Gadhaffi, and Assad who keep their nations disciplined and immunized from extremism.
Again I say that this may be the right time for the Americans to keep to themselves and be busy with the country's problems. There is no glory in going to crusades anymore.
By the bye, how goes the gas price?
Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, denies that his government would employ chemical weapons, as the governments of western and regional countries and variations predicted a possible military invasion against the country. The claim was that they used chemical weapons against residential areas. President Assad calls the claims lies.
Now, if they were used on a city or suburb with a balance of 10 or 20 victims, would it be believable? – he questioned.
The allegations regarding the use of chemical weapons or information about my resignation change every day and it is likely to be used as a prelude to a war against the nation, said the representative of the Arab country during an interview with Argentine media. The interview had great repercussions in the Syrian media Sunday (19th).
The claim was that they used chemical weapons against residential areas. Now, if they were used on a city or suburb with a balance of 10 or 20 victims, would it be believable? – he questioned.
Assad explained that this would mean the death of thousands or tens of thousands of people in a matter of minutes, which could not be concealed.
Western minds falsify evidence to trigger wars, this is their custom, Assad emphasized while he recalled the fiasco of the former U.S. Secretary of State Collin Powell, who swore at the UN that there were weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, which were never found, but served as a pretext for the invasion of that country in 2003.
The Syrian President acknowledged as positive the international conference that the United States and Russia agreed upon in Geneva in June to find a solution to the conflict, although he analyzed that this alone is insufficient to stop terrorism fueled by international actors in this Arabic nation.
We welcome the rapprochement between Russia and the United States, but we must be realistic: we do not believe that western countries actually want a solution in Syria when there are mercenaries from almost 30 nations fighting to overthrow the government he warned.
"We always chose to dialogue with any party, but this does not include terrorists, because no state dialogues with terrorists," he emphasized.
Likewise, Assad rejected that governments like the U.S., France, UK and Turkey openly require his resignation, arguing that this would not solve the litigation that extends for more than two years.
"Someone saying that the Syrian president has leave because the United States, other countries or terrorists want it is something unacceptable," he said while he reiterated that this decision may be taken by the people through the ballot box elections convened for 2014.
Moreover, the country is in crisis and when the boat is in the midst of the storm, the captain does not flee. or resign, said Assad.
The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN), Ban Ki-moon said on Sunday (19th) that he has the expectation that the next international conference on Syria will take place soon, probably in early June.
"We are studying the possibility of holding the conference in early June, and it remains a pending issue, I am convinced that it will soon happen," Ban said during his visit to Moscow Oblast, Russia's capital.
It is worth mentioning that during a meeting held last May in Moscow, Secretary of U.S. State, John Kerry, and his Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov, agreed to hold in late May a conference on Syria for the purpose of finding a political solution to the Syrian conflict.
According to the Russian Foreign Minister, Washington and Moscow defended using all available resources to make the parties involved in the conflict come to the dialogue table.
Watch closely the civil war in Syria.
It may not be exactly what we think.
The country of Syria was peaceful, non-aggressive under the presidency of Assad. And where do the rebels get their sophisticated weapons?


Turns out I am my mothers daughter … funny that. I always remember as a kid my mum being up in what seemed like the middle of the night working away at her sewing machine. As it turns it out it actually was the middle of the night not just my childhood imagination.
I am a night owl, there is no two ways about it, always have been and probably always will be. It is hard to explain the feeling of wanting to 'hit the sack' (as my dad would say) at 8pm, but then suddenly finding a flurry of energy when the carriage threatens to turn to a pumpkin … but thats me.
So last night at 12:30am I decided I would re-cover a foot stool … ok so it certainly wasn't as complicated as it sounds, quite a simple task really but none-the-less quite productive for such a late or early hour. I found this retro footstool several years ago at an op-shop, it was crying out to be de-robed of its dirty white fur coat and dressed in something pretty. Over the years I have had all sorts of fabrics draped over this simple stool whilst trying to decide what I would dress it in. As it turns out I had some retro chairs re-covered last year in this ikea fabric and so the solution now was easy, a matching stool.
I wonder what I will make tonight …?
This entry was posted in CRAFTS, FINISHED PROJECTS, HOME and tagged diy, home on May 8, 2012 by machineandadream.
Ok so as I mentioned I did happen to squeeze in a spot of sewing during April. In fact I actually only did one night of sewing all month yet managed to produce three cute Wiksten tanks. I discovered this pattern online a while ago and have been itching to try it out. As I was packing for my holiday to Bali last month I suddenly realised how handy it would be to have a couple of cute little basic cotton tanks to take with me. Some easy tops that I don't need to worry about ironing and can throw on with anything…but of course they had to be über cute to boot! So in true 'all or nothing' sewing fashion I made these 3 tanks the night before I flew out on holidays … Yes 3 tanks in one night!
I love this tank! Such a simple design that looks so effective on and works in so many fabrics. As you can see I used contrast binding on the arm holes and neckline, this was both for added cuteness factor as well as a time saving method. The contrast binding I used was pre-made and bought from the local fabric store. I should really sit down and make my own but for this last minute project the store bought variety worked wonderfully.
I must admit that I did 'tweak' the pattern ever so slightly, back in March I made one of these as a toile out of some cheap cotton. I am glad I did because as a result of my 'mock-up' I sized down from what the sizing recommended and I also scooped the back neck a bit. You can see from the photos that the red one was scooped even more than the other two.
This adorable orange Wiksten Tank was made using some floral folk print quilting fabric. I picked this doozy up in the clearance bin at my local fabric store while I was in there looking for the contrast binding. At $2 per metre I am not complaining! Although the quilting cottons can be a little stiff when you first purchase them, after a couple of washes this one has softened up nicely. I tried to make them all slightly different so with this orange tank I added some of the contrast binding to the pocket edge.
The Red Wiksten Tank was made using a floral print Rayon that I picked up about a year ago … this fabric has been waiting for just the right project and I think I nailed it! This top is the lightest and breeziest of the lot and an absolute dream to wear. (sorry it looks a little creased in the photos) I decided to make this tank sans-pocket, for no other reason than just to change it up a little – definitely happy with my choice. I also extended the back of this one a tad, it works well with the soft way in which this rayon falls.
It is hard to say which of the three Wiksten Tanks is my favourite but if I had to choose I think this one would be it! This is a vintage piece if fabric that I picked up from the op-shop a few years ago now … the price tag still attached said $1.00. I love love love this print, at first glance it looks like a bit of a mish-mash of muted tones but on closer inspection it is full of the rich earthy hues that are so popular at the moment. I can't even count how many times I have pulled this little piece of fabric from my stash in the hope of being inspired to create something fabulous with it … I must say I am not disappointed with the result of this one. The cute polka-dot binding adds an obvious contrast to the tropical print yet ties in nicely. This version does have a pocket if you look closely but it blends in so well that it is hardly noticeable.
Final verdict … I think there will be a few (dozen) more of these in my wardrobe before the year is out. My next projects with the Wiksten Tank pattern will include a silk version and maybe even a dress.
This entry was posted in CLOTHING, FINISHED PROJECTS, SEWING, TOPS on May 2, 2012 by machineandadream.


text:
Q: How to get new position after transform div jquery? How to get new position after transform? Can anybody please help me to do that.
I used
$('#text').css('-moz-transform','rotate(90deg)');

Now I want to get left and right postion.
When I try to get left and top position it shows left and top position before transform
$('#text').position().left;
$('#text').position().top;

It shows position before div transform
I want to get the new position.
How do i do that?

A: I am trying to solve this issue as well. What the user is saying is this:
Let's say you have a div that is 300px by 200px and the top and left position is: 100, 100.
If you rotate it from the center, the top and left positions of the div has now changed, yet Mozilla still returns the pre-rotated top/left positions.  Chrome actually returns the correct values after rotation, but FireFox does not.
If you inspect the element with FireBug, the highlighted area is the div also pre-rotation.  So there doesn't appear to be any normal way to get the top and left positions after rotating, unless there is some kind of formula that could calculate it based on the height and width and the angle.
Does anyone know of such a formula, or another way to solve this issue?

A: console.log($('#text').offset().left);
console.log($('#text').offset().top);

I've got the same result as in Chrome as in Firefox

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<?php

return array(

   'welcome' => 'Welcome',
	'users' => 'Users',
	'administration' => 'Administration',
	'logout' => 'Logout',
	'dashboard' => 'Dashboard',
	'your_issues' => 'Your Issues',
	'project' => 'Project',
	'projects' => 'Projects',
	'settings' => 'Settings',
	'active_projects' => 'Active Projects',
	'active_projects_description' => 'Quick list of your active projects',
	'saving' => 'Saving',
	'projects_description' => 'List of all your projects',
	'new' => 'New',
	'active' => 'Active',
	'archived' => 'Archived',
	'archived_projects' => 'Archived Projects',
	'open_issue' => 'Open Issue',
	'open_issues' => 'Open Issues',
	'closed_issue' => 'Closed Issue',
	'closed_issues' => 'Closed Issues',
	'issue_assigned_to_you' => 'Issue Assigned To You',
	'issues_assigned_to_you' => 'Issues Assigned To You',
	'you_do_not_have_any_projects' => 'You do not have any projects.',
	'create_project' => 'Create a new project!',
	'create_a_new_project' => 'Create a new project',
	'create_a_new_project_description' => 'Create a new project and select users to assign to it. You can assign users later as well.',
	'name' => 'Name',
	'remove' => 'Remove',
	'assign_users' => 'Assign Users',
	'new_issue' => 'New Issue',
	'project_overview' => 'Project Overview',
	'activity' => 'Activity',
	'edit' => 'Edit',
	'assign_users_and_edit_the_project' => 'Assign users and edit the project',
	'assigned_users' => 'Assigned Users',
	'assigned_users_description' => 'Users assigned to this project',
	'assign_a_user' => 'Assign a user',
	'no_activity' => 'This project does not have any activity!',
	'no_issues' => 'This project does not have any issues!',
	'created_by' => 'Created By',
	'updated_by' => 'Updated By',
	'update' => 'Update',
	'update_project_description' => 'Change the name, status or delete this project',
	'status' => 'Status',
	'delete' => 'Delete',
	'delete_project_confirm' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this project? There is no going back!',
	'create_a_new_issue' => 'Create A New Issue',
	'create_a_new_issue_in' => 'Create a new issue in project',
	'title' => 'Title',
	'issue' => 'Issue',
	'assigned_to' => 'Assigned To',
	'attachments' => 'Attachments',
	'create_issue' => 'Create Issue',
	'on_project' => 'On Project',
	'opened_this_issue' => 'opened this issue',
	'commented' => 'Commented',
	'save' => 'Save',
	'cancel' => 'Cancel',
	'comment_on_this_issue' => 'Comment on this issue:',
	'no_one' => 'No one',
	'close_issue' => 'Close Issue',
	'close_issue_confirm' => 'Are you sure you want to close this issue?',
	'closed_by' => 'Closed By',
	'on' => 'on',
	'reopen' => 'Reopen',
	'reopen_issue' => 'Reopen Issue',
	'comment' => 'Comment',
	'edit_issue' => 'Edit Issue',
	'update_issue' => 'Update Issue',
	'your_issues_description' => 'Issues that are assigned to you',
	'my_settings' => 'My Settings',
	'my_settings_description' => 'Update your personal settings',
	'first_name' => 'First Name',
	'last_name' => 'Last Name',
	'email' => 'Email',
	'only_complete_if_changing_password' => 'Only complete if changing password',
	'new_password' => 'New Password',
	'confirm' => 'Confirm',
	'administration_description' => 'Global application statistics',
	'total_users' => 'Total Users',
	'version' => 'Version',
	'version_release_date' => 'Version Release Date',
	'users_description' => 'Add, modify and delete application wide users',
	'delete_user_confirm' => 'Are you sure you wish to delete this user?',
	'add_new_user' => 'Add a new user',
	'update_user' => 'Update User',
	'search' => 'Search',
	'update_user_description' => 'Change the information for user',
	'role' => 'Role',
	'add_user' => 'Add User',
	'password_incorrect' => 'Whoops, your username or password did not match.',
	'we_have_some_errors' => 'Whoops, we have some errors below.',
	'project_has_been_updated' => 'Project has been updated!',
	'project_has_been_deleted'=>'The project has been deleted.',
	'settings_updated' => 'Settings Updated',
	'issue_has_been_created' => 'Issue has been created!',
	'issue_has_been_reopened' => 'This issue has been reopened. You can now work the issue.',
	'issue_has_been_closed' => 'This issue has been closed. It is now read-only.',
	'issue_has_been_updated' => 'This issue has been updated!',
	'comment_deleted' => 'Comment Deleted',
	'your_comment_added' => 'Your comment has been added!',
	'you_put_no_comment' =>'You did not put in a comment!',
	'user_deleted' => 'User Deleted',
	'user_updated' => 'User Updated',
	'user_added' => 'User Added',
	'language' => 'Language',
	'by' => 'by',
	'to' => 'to',
	'on_issue' => 'on issue',
	'label_closed' => 'Closed',
	'label_comment' => 'Comment',
	'label_reopened' => 'Reopened',
	'label_created' => 'Created',
	'label_reassigned' => 'Reassigned',
	'was_closed_by' => 'was closed by',
	'was_reopened_by' => 'was reopened by',
	'was_created_by' => 'was created by',
	'was_reassigned_to' => 'was reassigned to',
	'dashboard_description' => 'An overview of all the activity involving your active projects.'
);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Taxi driver appeal dismissed
Published on June 28, 2019 at 9:33 am
A Rossendale taxi driver who failed a basic skills, knowledge and conditions test three times has lost his appeal to keep his licence.
Faisal Shahzad, from Manchester, appealed Rossendale Council's decision to refuse to renew his private hire drivers licence but the appeal was dismissed by Burnley Magistrates Court.
He was ordered to pay costs of £200.
Filed under: Councillor Steve Hughes | public protection | taxi licensing | taxis
Hundreds of people expected at borough's second careers' fair
A huge careers' fair on Tuesday July 9 will be visited by 1,200 high school students and also be open to the general public.
It is the second time the Rossendale Works Employability Fair has been held at the Adrenaline Centre, Helmshore Road, Haslingden, and more than 50 different businesses and training providers have signed up for stalls.
Filed under: Councillor Alyson Barnes | employability | pupils
Rossendale to benefit from fund to tackle childhood obesity
Published on June 25, 2019 at 4:48 pm
Rossendale residents are set to benefit from the news that Pennine Lancashire has been selected to receive more funding as part of a national programme to tackle childhood obesity.
The Government has today (Tuesday, June 25) announced that the area will receive an initial 100k to take its plans forward as part of the Childhood Obesity Trailblazer Programme.
Delight as The Whitaker secures lottery grant
New life is to be breathed into buildings at one of Rossendale's iconic tourism locations thanks to a £1.7million National Lottery Heritage Fund grant.
Rossendale Borough Council worked in partnership with The Whitaker, in Rawtenstall, to secure the National Lottery Heritage Fund award to convert the former barn and stables and a further £189,950 of matched funding was provided by the council.
Filed under: Councillor Alyson Barnes | The Whitaker | whitaker
Rossendale Friendship Festival celebrates refugee week
Women from Syria, Egypt, Iraq and Kuwait are getting together this week at The Whitaker, Rawtenstall, to cook several hundred portions of Middle Eastern picnic foods for sampling by residents of Rossendale.
These tasting samples will be offered to participants on the afternoon of Sunday 23rd June at a celebration for UK Refugee Week, Rossendale Friendship Festival.
Filed under: friendship festival
Show your support for our Armed Forces
People can show their appreciation for the work of our armed forces at a flag raising ceremony in Rawtenstall.
It takes place at St Mary's Gardens at 10am on Monday (June 24) and is one of hundreds of events being held nationally in the run up to Armed Forces Day on June 29.
Filed under: Armed Forces Day | Councillor Alyson Barnes
Could you be a Councillor and stand for what you believe in?
What matters to you in your local area? Is it providing more things for young people to do, improving services for older people, making the roads safer or ensuring that local businesses can thrive? Whatever needs changing in your local area, you could be the person to change it by becoming a county councillor.
Filed under: Councillor
Company fined for breaching licensing laws
A company has to pay more than £1500 for breaching licensing laws.
Verdeolyv Limited, which owned Anacapri, on Helmshore Road, has to pay £1554.20 after selling alcohol without having a designated premises supervisor (DPS) specified on the licence.
Council officers entered Anacapri on January 11 and were served alcohol despite there being no DPS on the licence.
Filed under: Councillor Steve Hughes | licensing laws
Eid event celebrates important local projects
Published on June 14, 2019 at 12:43 pm
A multi-cultural Eid celebration united families from the Syrian Project with users of an innovative council employability and wellbeing scheme.
There was a welcoming atmosphere in the community café at The Boo, in Waterfoot, as the diverse communities shared food, chatted and danced together.
Every Friday afternoon the café is used as a drop in by the Rossendale Council scheme Rossendale Works, which was set up in conjunction with Active Lancashire and is now funded by a grant from the Department of Work and Pensions.
Council raises concerns about LCC's housing and health services proposals
Rossendale Council has expressed its concerns over proposals to end two vital services.
Lancashire County Council's Cabinet meets today (Thursday, June 13) to discuss proposals to end the Lancashire Wellbeing Service and the Integrated Home Improvement Service.
Details of the services and also the proposals can be found here: [Link]
Responding to the proposals which are set to be agreed following a consultation, Councillor Steve Hughes, Portfolio Holder for Communities and Customer Services, said:
"Of course, we understand the county council is facing serious financial challenges and have to make tough decisions but we believe these proposed reductions in prevention services, if agreed, will create severe issues for some of our borough's most vulnerable residents and will increase demand on the health and care services in the future.
Filed under: Councillor Steve Hughes | lancashire county council
Final THI blog from the chair
So the £2m Bacup Townscape Heritage Initiative has come to an end and I think most people will agree it has been a major boost to the town.
You just have to walk around Bacup to see the difference it has made. I have had many people come to speak to me or through Facebook saying the project has been a huge benefit to the town.
Filed under: Bacup THI| | Councillor Jackie Oakes | thi
GÜ dessert founder to headline borough's premier celebration of business
James Averdieck, who founded the Gü dessert empire, will be the keynote speaker at this year's Rossendale Celebration of business event.
After a successful first event last year, Valley At Work and Rossendale Council have joined forces once again to put on an event to celebrate and support business in the borough.
Filed under: Councillor Alyson Barnes | invest in rossendale
Special award for Haslingden town centre
Published on June 7, 2019 at 1:04 pm
Haslingden Town Centre has been now been confirmed as an area of special architectural or historic interest – helping to preserve its history.
The conservation area was developed and put out to public consultation in 2018. The Council's cabinet approved the area before submitting it to the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government, who confirmed the decision earlier this year.
Filed under: Adrian Lythgoe | haslingden
Council welcomes £81,000 sentence for builder's planning breaches
Published on June 5, 2019 at 12:45 pm
A builder who repeatedly ignored Rossendale Council's calls to restore land behind a former rural pub has been heavily fined.
The Council welcomed Preston Crown Court's £81,699 fine for Stanley Ainsworth and Ribble Valley Luxury Homes Limited for ignoring a planning enforcement notice.
Ainsworth secured planning permission to convert the former Glory pub in Loveclough but he and his company breached Council planning regulations when he extended the rear boundary into the open countryside without the benefit of planning permission.
Filed under: Councillor Adrian Lythgoe | planning enforcement
Council leader welcomes Haslingden bid progress
The Leader of Rossendale Council has welcomed news that a bid for funding for Haslingden town centre has progressed to the next stage.
Earlier this year, the Council submitted an expression of interest to the National Lottery Heritage Fund for money to help transform the town. The Council also ring-fenced money to support the bid.
Filed under: Councillor Alyson Barnes | haslingden
News localities
Edenfield
Waterfoot

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Showing http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=18565&printer-friendly=y captured on Jan 25, 2009
Nashville mayor vetoes plan to charge for newspaper racks
NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Mayor Bill Purcell has vetoed a plan to regulate news racks in the city, saying it would have infringed on constitutional protection of a free press.
Purcell said the proposal to make publishers pay fees and maintain news racks could be considered "an abridgment of a free press and raises significant First Amendment issues," The Tennessean reported.
The Metro Council could have overridden the veto with a two-thirds vote at its meeting on May 15 but did not. Instead, members agreed to act on the veto at their June 5 meeting.
The council passed the measure last month to require the publications to pay a fee for each rack in the public right of way and ensure they are kept clean and out of the way of pedestrians.
A group of Nashville publishers, including those for The Tennessean, The City Paper and the Nashville Scene, opposed being regulated and proposed an alternative — paying fees to the nonprofit Nashville Downtown Partnership to monitor racks for safety and maintenance.
But some council members, such as those representing outlying Davidson County, said the deal would do nothing for their districts.
The Nashville Publishers Group, which comprises 22 publications, countered that it would work with neighborhood and merchant groups to make sure racks in other neighborhoods comply.
Some racks would be placed in "corrals" to limit their impact on pedestrian traffic, said Keith Paige, general sales manager of the Employment Guide and an organizer of the publishers group.
The councilman who sponsored the measure and represents much of downtown, Mike Jameson, said not all local publishers have agreed to the Downtown Partnership plan.
First Amendment Center Founder John Seigenthaler said Purcell "acted to protect First Amendment rights" and prevent "an unwanted lawsuit." Seigenthaler is also chairman emeritus of Nashville's The Tennessean newspaper.


Three-year-old Raju Neymar is a household name these days in the Vivek Nagar area of Bengaluru, and he is getting more and more famous as interest in the World Cup moves towards fever pitch.
The name stuck after he participated in a local football camp in the summer with a mohawk hairdo like the real Neymar.
If you go to the back streets of some part of Vivek Nagar in Bengaluru and ask to see Neymar, the odds are that people won't laugh at you. Instead, they will point you to the house of a cabbie and his homemaker wife, where, if you are lucky, you can see a three year old with a familiar hairstyle practicing step-overs and Rabonas..
Three-year-old Raju Neymar is a household name these days in the Vivek Nagar area, and he is getting more and more famous as interest in the World Cup moves towards fever pitch. Little Raju's passion for the game led his father to attach the Samba superstar's name to his much more conventional Indian moniker. The name stuck after he participated in a local football camp in the summer with a mohawk hairdo like the real Neymar.
"Raju is crazy about football and a diehard fan of Neymar. He loves watching videos of the Brazilian team in action more than cartoons on television. He was watching the Brazil vs Costa Rica match on Friday evening and when Neymar scored a goal in added time, Raju was jumping in joy in front of the TV," say B.Dinadayal, a local football coach training the little Neymar of Bengaluru.
"I love Neymar and I want to meet him," said Raju Neymar before running away with the football.


Who should have the Brenton medals?
It was almost too easy . . .
Old certainties prove to be anything but as genealogy sleuth Lydia Silverstream responds to a dying man's plea. Her work, her home, her stuttering relationship, even her skills as a researcher, all the familiar patterns are disrupted, leaving her with more challenges than ever. And why won't a mother tell her son who his father is?
It all goes to show, as always, there's so much more to a family's history than the certificates would have you believe.
Askance is delighted to have published the third novel by DJ Wiseman and the second in the Lydia Silverstream series. Lydia Silverstream first appeared in A Habit of Dying, one of the first novels to set a mystery in the context of family history research. The story has found wide appeal, far beyond the world of the genealogy. The Subtle Thief of Youth, his second novel which is a more traditional crime puzzle, gives a disturbing insight into the workings of a small community when a summer downpour reveals a grotesque secret hidden for years.
DJ Wiseman has also published short stories and edited the Homes and Positional Vertigo anthologies for Askance.
PRICE: UK £10 (+£3.50 p&p for UK orders). Overseas £10 (+£8.50 Airmail p&p). Order now direct from Askance. Kindle also available internationally.
PAYMENT: Buying directly from Askance is done via PayPal. You do not need a PayPal account, you can use your credit or debit card as you would with any other secure online purchase. Kindle and Kobo copies are payable through those retailers.
This is a wonderful book. I greatly enjoyed A Habit of Dying, the first book to feature Lydia Silverstream but the follow-up, The Death of Tommy Quick and Other Lies, is astonishingly good!
Many genealogical mysteries have multiple threads, so that we can be a fly-on-the-wall as the events that are being investigated take place – but whilst it's a great way to bring the story to life, it doesn't accurately reflect what it's like for the investigator. In The Death of Tommy Quick we see everything through Lydia's eyes, so it's much more realistic – and, like us, she has other commitments and roles to play, as an employee, a colleague, a partner…. the way in which her relationship with Stephen develops is beautifully handled.


This project was created on 07/16/2018 and last updated 5 months ago.
I implement a more user-friendly electromechanical front-panel for a computer that could have been built in the 50s or 60s. Rotary encoders free us from those annoying binary switches and the layout reflects the machine's instruction and architecture, making it more suitable to write longer sequences of code with fewer errors.
This module is called the "Assembler" because it directly assembles instructions from buttons, saving us the effort of manually encoding assembly language into binary. A corresponding disassembly output provides direct feedback and reduces users' strain and efforts for coding and debugging, without a single line of code !
This project builds the user interface / front panel of a neovintage / electropunk 8-bits computer. It's pretty simple : diodes, buttons, switches, relays, lamps (and a few extras to interface with modern stuff). But the organisation and the ease of use are better than most computers built before the 80s.
In this project, I explore why front panels were so cumbersome.
This is an error-prone procedure that would be suitable only for short sequences of code, such as a bootloader or a deadstart routine. For example, the CDC6600 had a panel of 144 switches to encode the bootstrap sequence.
But the CDC6600 is a "high end" system (the top of the line !) that could afford the marginal expense of so many switches. Low-end, cheap, affordable computers make a lot of compromises and the user's time is a commodity. Save a hundred switches and let the user do the work !
The front panel has two main purposes.
It appears that 1) is a special case of 2) and the front panel must be carefully designed to provide enough introspection features. Actually, it's even part of a larger 3) debug software. So the panel of this project is in fact the central module of the debug system of the processor.
The above diagram shows the modules (in light blue) that this project aims to build.
There are entry modules (switches and buttons) : the assembler panel, the start/step/stop logic, and the Force Address module.
Most entry panels are coupled with a display panel : PC, Result, DST, SRC, Instruction (the disassembly panel).
Another relay-based divider... or is it ?
I have been recently tipped that a single-relay divide-by-two circuit existed in the literature.
It appears in "Professionelle Schaltungstechnik" Band 4, page 63, from editor Francis Verlag.
I recognize many familiar features and it makes a great use of a DPDT relay. The only main difference is that the relay's SPDT switch can cut the power from its own coil.
Can I enhance the basic hysteretic latch circuit ?
This hysteretic latch is pretty simple and nice, and I have explored some of its practical characteristics (such as retention time and others) but I always try to improve things.
One welcome improvement is power consumption, and I'd like to reduce the average operating current and voltage. Reducing power also reduces heat-related issues, space, costs, etc. but it can require an increase in the number of parts.
After all it's hard to do simpler than a relay and a resistor so how can we make the circuit more efficient ?
One proposed idea is to replace the resistor with a diode. I have some germanium diodes that work sufficiently well at these currents (in the 30mA ballpark) so why not try ?
The net effect is to decrease the power supply's voltage by almost 1V because only 0.6V is dropped (instead of 1.6V) and the energy of the capacitor is totally directed to the relay, The capacitor value could then be reduced (or its own power supply). But... it wouldn't work ! Latching would work great but not the release !
To clear the state of the relay, a pulse at 0V is applied to the coil, which is powered by the diode. This forces the diode's electrode to a much lower voltage, or a much higher current (beyond the rated values). It's close to a short circuit from the +3V to 0V through the poor diode that would die young.
A gain in one side is a loss on the other side... Increasing the efficiency of the latch greatly reduces the efficiency of the release. And this little game also happens with other parameters as we dial buttons and add or replace parts.
For the multi-bits assemblies, the critical parameter will be the voltage across the coil, which must be close to the average of the latch and release voltage. This is what I try to automatically measure with #ReTest-RPi.
One of the displays of the panel is a counter that uses the 5 prototype #Numitron Hexadecimal display module . The display modules are ready so now comes the part with the counter.
I just made a detailed video about making a divide-by-two bistable, at the heart of a ripple counter (there is no need for something faster because it's just a user panel, unlike the PC display).
The video is light on schematics so here they are !
Then a second relay switches a capacitor between the output and the input of the cell. The charge is transfered through the capacitor to force a spike on the latch's coil. Notice that there are 2 power supplies : one (stable) for the latch relay and its resistor, the other for for the "charge switcher". This is because to save costs and space, the capacitor must be smaller, so a higher voltage difference is required. A small series resistor (here 4.7Ohm) limits the inrush current into the capacitor. A LED shows the state of the latch.
Not shown in the video : these cells can be cascaded because the latch can directly control the coil of the next cell's relay.
The output's range is higher than the latch's power supply so one or two more coils can be conncted in series, to drop the voltage and act as output(s). This series coil can be integrated inside another module, such as the #Numitron Hexadecimal display module (which has 2 wires per input, to make this stunt possible).
The drawback is its purely mechanical nature. It can't be controlled by another electrical circuit.
The knob is not too hard to turn but the diodes-based multiplexer is more convenient because an external computer, or another relay, can take over the function.
The 5 prototypes will be used for an "event counter". It could be a cycle counter, or a condition selected from a set of pulse sources.
Unlike the prototype modules, the new modules have their IV-9 soldered with the full length of the wires preserved, so they can be resoldered to fit a useful mechanical layout. I had to solder them anyway so the whole could be tested.
I'm pretty satisfied with the results, and now I have to build the other decoders for the remaining fields of the instruction word. I'll start with the @SRC, the COND and the @DST fields that are 3 bits wide each. The circuit has been covered already.
I must also work on the binary counter but I have no idea which project it belongs to. Probably here ?
Popular Electronics had in fact been running a series written by Roberts for several issues before January 1975. The series was billed as a short course in "digital logic." In the December 1974 issue, Roberts walked readers through building a "very low cost computer terminal," which was basically an octal keypad that could input values into an 8-bit computer. In the course of describing the keypad, Roberts explained how transistor-to-transistor logic works and also how to construct a flip-flop, a kind of circuit capable of "remembering" digital values. The keypad, Roberts promised, could be used with the Altair computer, to be announced the following month.
It's unclear how many Popular Electronics readers actually built the keypad, but it would have been a very useful thing to have. Without a keypad or some other input mechanism, the only way to input values into the Altair was through the switches on the front panel. The front panel had a row of 16 switches that could be used to set an address and a lower row of eight switches that could be used to control the operation of the computer. The eight right-most switches in the row of 16 could also be used to specify a value to be stored in memory. This made sense because the Intel 8080 used 16-bit values to address 8-bit words. The 16 switches on the front panel each represented a bit—the up position represented a one, while the down position represented a zero. Interacting with a computer this way is a revelation (more on that in a minute), because the Altair's front panel is a true binary interface. It's as close as you can get to the bare metal.
As alien as the Altair's interface is to us today, it was not unusual for its time. The PDP-8, for example, had a similar binary input mechanism on its front panel, though the PDP-8's switches were nicer and colored in that attractive orange and yellow color scheme that really ought to make a comeback. The PDP-8, however, was often paired with a paper-tape reader or a teletype machine, which made program entry much easier. These I/O devices were expensive, meaning that most Altair users in the early days were stuck with the front panel. As you might imagine, entering long programs via the switches was a chore. Eventually the Altair could be hooked up to a cassette recorder and programs could be loaded that way.
Though clicking on switches does not offer the same tactile satisfaction as flipping real switches, playing with the Altair simulation is a great way to appreciate how a binary human/computer interface was both horribly inefficient and, at least in my opinion, charmingly straightforward.
One simple yet critical circuit is the clock generator.
It must be controlled with the start/step/stop button : it's a SPDT switch with 3 positions, including a middle (no contact) and a temporary position.
I already have a 24V electromechanical pulse counter as well as a safe-like rotary knob that generates pulses to help with longer sequences and reduce wear on the SPDT button.
The pulse counter can run at maybe 8 pulses per second, which is 3 times slower than the expected clock frequency. The pulse rate must be limited in this case... a predivider might be necessary.
Initially I wanted to use the mains' frequency (50Hz over here) to "clock" the whole circuit. A dedicated transformer uses a single diode to rectify the 50Hz sine and create 10ms-long half-sine pulses, with 10ms gaps. But 50Hz might be too fast... and it wouldn't be synchronised with external signals (race conditions become possible).
Further thinking makes me to ditch the EM pulse counter altogether. It's too slow and will only make things uselessly too complicated.
A much better approach is to use the 5 prototype digits to build the cycle counter, since the predivider is not that hard to build (and can reuse the internal relays) and a 5×4 bits binary ripple counter could be great (ditch decimal !). At least, the counter could work at full speed !
Pulses are counted and displayed with 5 hex digits => another reset button is required.
it's getting crowded now... so I must split it: the pulse counter is relegated to a separate module, as an "event counter" that can be triggered by other modules, such as the breakpoints.
You have to turn a knob or two to display the values you want, in raw binary. The 16-bits field on the bottom could be a register value, or the datapath, the field is unmarked so it's confusing... The 22-bits wide field just above must be a bus address, which again is not directly specified.
Notice that the rotary knob (upper right corner) has 8 positions so it could also encore octal numbers, but they decided to use only one and stick to SPST keys for data/values.
You have the address, the data, the source, the destination : it seems easier to understand at a glance what's happening.
If only they had used hexadecimal (or octal) displays instead of binary !
"Another modification made to the PDP-10 by CompuServe engineers was the replacement of the hundreds of incandescent indicator lamps on the KI10 processor cabinet with LED lamp modules. The cost of the conversion was easily offset by the cost savings in electric consumption, the reduction of heat, and the manpower required to replace burned-out lamps. Digital followed this step all over the world."
More front panel stories can be found at http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/panint.htm ! Seriously, click there, it's insane !
In this log we look at the electrical design of the instruction address bus, which drives the ROM address decoder and the display modules. The address is set by either the PC register, the EMUI switches or an external electronic controller.
The instruction bus has a similar design, except it has 16 bits and is driven by the diode ROM.
So in the beginning, we have the ROM decoder, driven in series with the display module. By design, the #Numitron Hexadecimal display module has a controlled and constant input impedance (one relay coil) that greatly simplifies the series connection. They are tied to the high side, so one only has to tie it to 0V to toggle the bit.
At 70mA, the relays are well driven, so the + side can be set at about 4V, or more if the decoder needs more coils in series.
This switch is easily operated by the user. But it doesn't end here ! Now, we want the bus to be taken over by an external computer. A transistor can easily short the "bus" wire to ground but it also must prevent the other current path. This is solved with another relay. That relay must be "normally closed" and must stand at least 0.07×8=0.5A.
There is still the possibility that the user has left the SPDT switch in the position of the EMUI and that would prevent the external controller from letting the processor run freely... This is solved with the help of yet another relay that short-circuits the PC register rail to 0V, independently from the relay that inhibits the manual SPDT switch.
Front panel galore at http://www.righto.com/2019/04/iconic-consoles-of-ibm-system360.html !
I don't have a problem with binary. It is simultaneously binary, octal and hexadecimal. There is a small learning curve, but I imagine a skilled operator could enter either octal or hexadecimal values just as quickly and accurately with binary switches as with a rotary switch. (I still have trouble with the pattern for hex D, but all other hex digits are automatic for me. Octal is trivial and automatic).
Note the grouping/coloring of the switches in the photos: The DEC and CDC machines are octal (grouped in threes). The IMSAI is hexadecimal (groupings of 4).
For the negative values, this is something I intend to design in the "constant" field of the assembler. It's already "solved" for the IC version because #DYPLED has a "2s complement" mode but it requires quite some relays here. Fortunately, an incrementer is also needed for PC (they would share design techniques), and they are both 8 bits wide only.
You are about to report the project "Hardware assembler / EMUI", please tell us the reason.


text:
How Haryana became India's Olympian state
Hanan Zaffar
Neeraj Chopra
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More than 30 percent of India's individual medals in its Olympic history have been bagged by sportspersons from the state, making it the athletic epicentre of the country despite a lack of resources.
A group of three dozen athletes run out of an Akhara – a traditional Indian gymnasium or a wrestling school – in Rathdhana, a prosperous village in the north Indian state of Haryana. For 90 minutes, they sprint through small lanes, roads, alleys and rice and wheat fields before they reach back to the starting point. This is just a warm up. The dangal (wrestling) is yet to start!
These images are not hard to find in Haryana. Athletes glistening from the ghee (oil) on their bodies fighting it out in wrestling arenas, or weightlifters doing sets aside tube wells in the large paddy fields are a common sight.
Tanish, 6, and his older sister Siya, 8, wake up at 5 am each day and within half an hour can be seen warming up at the wrestling academy near their home in Sonipat district. For the next three hours, the siblings train hard with their coach, doing pull ups, squats, neck planks and deadlifts.
They come back for another session in the evening, repeating the arduous training drills. For the last two years, they have been doing it everyday with a single aim in mind: an Olympic medal.
"I want to get a gold," says Siya, with sweat trickling down her face.
"I train for six hours each day and want to be like Mirabai Chanu," she adds, referring to the Indian weightlifter who won a silver medal in the now concluded 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
8-year-old Siya practicing as her dad looks on. (Hanan Zaffar/Manish Jha / TRTWorld)
Such passion can seen across the state, which is now turning out to be the epicentre of Indian sports.
India's contingent for the Tokyo Olympics included 126 athletes, out of which Haryana sent 31 athletes to the competition – nearly 25 percent of the total. The state accounts for less than 2 percent of the country's population.
Overall, more than 30 percent of India's individual medals in its entire Olympic history have been bagged by sportspersons from the state. Apart from hockey, for which the country has won a dozen medals (including eight golds), India has won 23 individual medals in its Olympic history, with Haryana accounting for seven of them.
This year was India's most successful Olympics campaign, with the country bagging seven medals. Three of those medalists – including javeliner Neeraj Chopra, who became India's first individual gold medalist in twelve years and only second overall – are from Haryana. The men's hockey team which won bronze also had four individual players from the state.
From left, Olympic Bronze medallist in wrestling Bajarng Punia, Olympic Bronze medallists in boxing, Lovlina Borgohain, Olympic Gold medallist in javelin throw Neeraj Chopra, Olympic Silver medallist in wrestling Ravi Dahiya and captain of Indian men's hockey team who won bronze medal, Manpreet Singh at Tokyo Olympic games, stand for a photographs during a felicitation function in New Delhi, India, Monday, Aug. 9 2021. (Manish Swarup / AP)
"There are a lot of competitions and tournaments in the state. The more you compete, the better you become," Ravi Kumar Dahiya, a wrestler from Haryana who won the silver in his Olympic debut in Tokyo, told TRT World.
Dahiya believes there are a lot of native sporting icons in the state for the youngsters to look up to, which is leading to continued inspiration and eventually, sporting excellence.
"I started wrestling early in my career because I saw icons like Sushil Kumar winning Olympic medals and receiving so much love and respect. I went ahead with passion following the steps of such icons," Dahiya said.
Sushil Kumar is a two-time Olympic winning wrestler from Haryana, whose bronze medal in the 2008 Olympics is credited for reviving enthusiasm for athletics in the state.
The state, since then, has brought home medals for India in every Olympics, even though the country as a whole has had little success.
"All of it is driven by passion and hunger. Sports runs in the blood of people of Haryana," says Rajesh Kumar, 44, who runs a sports academy in Haryana named in memory of his uncle Ch. Surat Singh, a member of India's Olympic contingent to Rome in 1960.
In Kumar's academy, which started in 2015, 40 children train each day. In the last six years, his academy has produced several national and international medalists.
Coach Rajesh Kumar at his academy in Sonipat, Haryana. (Hanan Zaffar/Manish Jha / TRTWorld)
Kumar believes that even though the state is doing exceedingly well in the sports, its potential still remains untapped.
"Even though we are bringing medals after medals in international competitions including World Championships, there are little or no facilities provided by the government. The day we start getting facilities, even a quarter of what China has, there will be no turning back," he said.
"The government comes into action only after someone wins a medal. They do nothing before that. They shower money on athletes after they have won. But how athletes struggle before that, nobody cares. If the same money is pumped to boost the basic sports infrastructure in the state, we would produce dozens of Olympic medals," added Kumar.
Haryana's regional government announced cash rewards of Rs 4 crore ($540,000) and Rs 2.5 crore ($335,000) to the Tokyo Olympics silver and bronze medalists respectively, besides providing government jobs and plots at concessional rates.
Neeraj Chopra, India's sole gold winner, was gifted a Rs 6 crore ($ 810,000) cash award.
Athletes training at a sports academy in a village in Sonipat, Haryana. (Hanan Zaffar/Manish Jha / TRTWorld)
A lot of people in Haryana seek economic security through recruitment into the Indian army and police, says Sanjay, a farmer in Sonipat. In a bid to be physically fit for these posts, parents bring their children to gymnasiums and sports academies at an early age.
"This has led to a culture of fitness. Everyone wants to be a bodybuilder, wrestler or a boxer. This is not what you would see elsewhere in India," Sanjay told TRT World.
"Women are also doing exceptionally well in sports," he says with discernible pride in his eyes.
Interestingly, the state fares low in most developmental indices for women and is infamous for female feticide. Historically, it's had one of the lowest sex ratios in the country.
Yet, women athletes have managed to excel. Nine female athletes from the state were part of the Indian women's hockey team that rallied against the odds to almost pull off a miraculous performance in Tokyo, before losing 4-3 in a close bronze medal encounter against defending champions Great Britain.
"When I started the academy in 2015, there were only two girls in the first year. Now out of 42, 25 are girls," says Kumar.
"But they get little help or support from the authorities," Kumar says while pointing towards 17-year-old Aarti Saroha, one of the most celebrated athletes of his academy.
Aarti, an Asian silver medalist in the Under-15 category, has been struggling with a broken shoulder for the last eight months. Because of the injury, she missed the World Championship in Hungary this July.
"In any other country, such an athlete would have been [taken care of] by national sports organisations. Here nobody cares," says Kumar.
Aarti herself feels let down by the sports management of the state.
"We need scholarships. We need stipends. We need good medical facilities," she told TRT World.
"The day we start getting these facilities, the medals will rain."
Source: TRT World
@HananZaffar
Hanan Zaffar is a journalist based in New Delhi. Zaffar has written extensively on South Asian politics and minority issues for national and international organisations like Aljazeera English, The Vice, The Diplomat, The Caravan Magazine, Outlook India, The Wire, Quint, DailyO, Newslaundry etc.
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When wiring is connected to each other, essential products! As it is still a manufacturer item, it can be reliably crimped. The price is reasonable, so I'd like to continue using it in the future.
This review is about item#353185.


text:
Criminalizing Solidarity
Richard Brodie
An Italian court has overruled the arrest of migrant-solidarity activist Carola Rackete. But as the far right in government criminalizes efforts to save lives at sea, the Left must offer unconditional solidarity to all those crossing the Mediterranean.
Protesters demanding the release of Sea-Watch ship captain Carola Rackete gather with a banner reading "Solidarity with Carola from SeaWatch3" in front of the Italian consulate on June 30, 2019 in Munich, Germany. Andreas Gebert / Getty Images
June 29 saw the latest episode in the criminalization of migration and migrant solidarity in the Mediterranean. German activist Carola Rackete, captain of the rescue ship Sea-Watch 3, was arrested by Italian authorities because of her efforts to save migrants from drowning. Though the courts have vindicated her actions, the government's criminalization of the NGO missions continues.
A standoff had begun earlier in June, when Italian authorities ordered the ship — which had rescued some fifty-three people — to stay out of the country's waters. This was followed by two weeks of brinkmanship in which passengers and crew were made to suffer the maritime summer heat and the psychological pressure of an endless wait. As with other recent rescue ships, the Italian government insisted that it should reroute for Tripoli, despite the mounting civil war in the Libyan capital.
When the crew's appeal to the European Court of Human Rights was rejected on June 25, Captain Rackete decided to disobey orders and enter Italian waters, drawing her into a head-on public conflict with the Italian state.
Now, the Italian Interior Ministry — headed by far-right Lega leader Matteo Salvini — is reportedly preparing Rackete's expulsion from Italy. This seems to be a sly way of giving in to German demands for extradition without Italy's sovereignist government losing face. Yet Rackete may well be hauled before the courts to reply to accusations of aiding and abetting illegal immigration. She is part of a small radical German NGO, Sea-Watch, that has worked for years to monitor Fortress Europe's actions at sea and save the lives of people in distress whenever necessary.
Between the Arab Spring and the great 'summer of migration' in 2015, such actions were hailed by commentators and politicians as part of our collective conscience — humanity's necessary response in the face of a deplorable crisis. But Sea-Watch 3, like several other rescue boats, has now been seized and shored up in port.
If the ship has been drawn to a stop, Italian media's assault on the vessel continues apace. But it was a former Lega senator, Angela Maraventano, who best combined the array of accusations being leveled at both migrants and solidarity activists. "Greeting" the arrivals at the port of Lampedusa, an island to the south of Italy, she raged, "Don't let them off the ship, they're trading in human flesh. Assassins! You should all go back to where you came from! If they come down from there someone's going to get hurt." The tides are turning, and blood is boiling.
Carola's "Crimes"
It's worth asking what "criminalization" actually means. Normally the term refers to two different but connected processes. On the one hand, there is the process of creating new laws that bring specific juridical punishments for actions that were previously either ignored, or even protected, by the law. On the other hand, criminalization can also mean a consistent process of forming a public discourse in which acts are only perceived as criminal even when no identifiable juridical boundary has been breached. The criminalization of migrant rescue missions in this second sense was put in motion years ago, a concentrated smear campaign that has moved in parallel with the repression of an international working class attempting to cross Europe's borders.
Yet Italy's juridical criminalization of migration has taken steps forward in recent weeks. Seeking to publicly vaunt its ability to punish those who assist illegal immigration and challenge Europe's border regime, Italy's Lega–Five Star government chose the moment immediately before last month's European elections to announce a new security bill. It threatens debilitating fines for those found guilty of aiding illegal immigration and also provides Interior Minister Salvini with souped-up powers over ships' entrance into territorial waters.
Before we ask how we reached this point, in which captains are dragged before the courts simply for saving lives, we might ask what the Italian state and its supporters mean when they claim that the captain's actions are "criminal." Who exactly are supposed to be the victims of Captain Rackete's crimes? And if the NGOs are "assassins," who has been murdered?
One much-vaunted "incident" was the alleged ramming of an Italian customs police patrol boat as Rackete guided the Sea-Watch 3 into port at Lampedusa. The neoliberal-centrist Democratic Party, today flailing in the electoral waters, even decided to mitigate its feeble attempts at solidarity with Sea-Watch 3 by expressing its affinity with the "victims" among the customs police. Another MP kindly pointed out that the specific crime alleged — an attack on a "vessel of war" — hardly applies in the case of a small customs patrol boat. Others have noted how slowly Sea-Watch 3 moved into port, even if one of the officers spoke in surreal tones of "five minutes of pure terror." Demolishing the government case against Rackete, a court hearing on Tuesday defended her actions. But the details seemingly matter little amidst the wider shifting of juridical boundaries in order to criminalize Sea-Watch 3 and its captain. What is clear, nevertheless, is that the police and interior minister diligently created a situation in which such a physical confrontation, as well as a juridical one, had become inevitable.
Yet in the discourse of the government and its supporters, the more significant victims of Rackete's supposed crimes are "all Italians." The maritime entrance of hundreds of thousands of African and Asian proletarians over the last seven years is now seen by a vast layer of Italian society as a direct threat to their economic and physical security. Yet at the same time, the victims of the captain's crimes supposedly include migrants themselves, as the blame for the deaths of thousands of people in the Mediterranean is lumped on the human traffickers who organize their crossing — and not on European and Italian immigration policies. This despite the fact that these policies have all but erased the possibility of obtaining a work or family visa to enter Europe via a normal, safe route for everyone except for the very rich. And through a careful discursive shift, the NGO missions aimed at saving lives have been identified with the human traffickers themselves.
From Traffickers to Captains
It is strange and unnerving how an outcry against the cruelty of profiteering human traffickers has been transformed into the juridical penalization of migrant solidarity activists and international NGOs. As the former Lega senator put it in Lampedusa, "They're doing business in human flesh." The shock and disgust provoked by the horrors of the Libyan concentration camps and the mass shipwrecks in the Mediterranean have been channeled not into a solidaristic call for emancipation, but a demand for greater repression.
The steps in this transformation, this harnessing of emotions, can be traced with some precision. Consciously or otherwise, an important beginning was the practice of systematically identifying and arresting those driving the wooden and rubber boats arriving full of migrants from North Africa. In the vast majority of cases, the arrestees have been young migrants no different from the other passengers, and who are themselves victims twice over: first as victims of the Libyan concentration camps, and second in being forced to steer the boat, often under the threat of death.
For years now, two or three people have been arrested for each small vessel that is intercepted. They are then subjected to investigations that, in far too many cases, have resulted in convictions ranging from six months to ten years. In Greece, many Turkish and Syrian boat drivers have been imprisoned for up to twenty-five years. This continues today: in June, for example, two Senegalese men rescued by a platform supply vessel — including a sixteen-year-old teenager — were arrested for this so-called crime. Thousands of migrants in Italy have been penalized in this manner, hundreds of whom remain in prison to this day. Though on a much smaller scale than the mass incarceration of young black men in the United States, the similarity has to be noted.
These boat drivers quickly became the bogeyman of Italian immigration, despite their innocence — and, indeed, their courage and heroism — often being vindicated by the courts on appeal. Yet after these young black men were successfully placed in the media crosshairs, it was all too easy to shift from blaming the drivers of rubber boats to blaming the NGO rescue ships. The international far-right networks pushing this shift of tone were doubtless also aided by elements of the Italian security services.
In this vein, crackpot blogs and extremist politicians began to introduce the idea that the NGOs were somehow profiting from rescue missions, that they were working in cahoots with Libyan traffickers, and even that "Soros money" and a Jewish conspiracy for the substitution of the white race was involved. Soon enough, these new versions of very old lies moved from the margins into the center of the political arena. When the previous Democratic-led government signed a murderous deal to close down the Mediterranean route by directly funding and training the so-called Libyan Coast Guard — often manned by the human traffickers themselves — the smears and lies had already taken root. The contagion of blame now bounced along from Libyan traffickers to migrant boat drivers and then from migrant boat drivers to NGO captains.
What is the use for such scapegoats? This latest episode of dramatic repression is doubtless being used to deflect attention from a dismal economic situation and the unraveling of the government's contradictory policies. As across recent years, this distraction technique helps cover up a wider political failure — and the new scapegoat of the "foreign NGO" dovetails well with Salvini's virulent nationalism. The interior minister's tweeted attacks on EU leaders — underlining his unwavering support for tax cuts for the rich and one-off golden handshakes for his base, even while the EU threatens to force VAT increases and spending cuts — are accompanied by his attacks on the foreignness of the Sea-Watch 3: a German NGO operating a ship under a Dutch flag.
When the former Lega senator cried out, "You should all go back to where you came from!", her xenophobia was aimed at the German crew as well as the rescued migrants. This performative xenophobia tacitly forgets that the Italian NGO Mediterranea, operating a ship under an Italian flag, faced similar criminalization earlier this year. Or, even more significantly, that the Italian government's own coast guard vessel, the Diciotti, was blocked and threatened last summer for landing rescued migrants at an Italian port.
There is no chance that the government has forgotten this latter incident, as Salvini only narrowly escaped criminal charges being brought against him for his weeks-long refusal to allow the migrants to disembark. He was saved when the self-proclaimed party of "honesty," his coalition partners in the Five Star Movement, voted to uphold his parliamentary immunity. Sea rescue captains are being criminalized, whatever flag they wave, while the interior minister was let off the hook.
Migrant Solidarity is Internationalism
To rise to power, the far right needed to do little more than ride the waves of xenophobia and demonization. The arrest of Carola Rackete represents a new trick in the media spectacle of repression on which Italy's government is thriving. It may matter little for the NGOs whether the first phase of criminalization — the ferocious public criticism of migrants and solidarity — leads into a second phase of actual incarceration and judicial fines. The aim is slowly being achieved: arrests, public spectacle, the hemorrhaging of funding for solidarity groups, a generalized shadow of suspicion falling across basic acts of generosity and humanity. The Italian state's aim is not to put an end to the crisis but to exacerbate it, not to eliminate the opposition but to constantly exaggerate the threat it poses and to celebrate each supposed defeat.
In the meantime, migrant landings continue, often in near silence. While the media circus focused on the Sea-Watch 3, hundreds of people have landed directly on Italy's shores in small, agile boats. Italy's stoppage on visa entries, its deals with Libyan dictators and traffickers, its repression of solidarity activists, and its passing of new penal laws have still not managed to completely halt an international proletarian movement from finding ways through the blockade. The so-called policy of closed ports has turned the floodlights onto the rescue missions and turned them away from the beaches. Pulling the NGO missions out of the sea does not mean that there are no boats — it means we hear less about them, including the shipwrecks.
The fifty-three people rescued by Sea-Watch 3 had only just fled the concentration camps and civil war of Tripoli. Bombardments in Tripoli continue, the airport closed while tanks and militia surround the city. Tens of thousands have fled. Those trapped there — Libyans and migrants alike — have been making desperate appeals for help. On Tuesday, even Fayez al-Sarraj, the UN-backed Libyan premier, flew to Milan to request greater military support. The context in which the European right, with Salvini at the helm, have decided to flex their muscles is thus not only Italian, but international.
The Left should consistently defend the freedom of people to move and to oppose Europe's racist, classist border regime. The fact that these are not the best of times ought to make our defense of this freedom all the more resounding. Meek appeals from apologists who claim that the Italian or European left is fighting a losing battle against the popular masses and should therefore renege on its principles only reveal a catastrophic shortsightedness and tragic lack of internationalism.
An international coalition of small radical NGOs — Mediterranea, Sea-Eye, and Open Arms – continue to operate search-and-rescue missions in the Mediterranean Sea, even while other boats remain seized by the Italian state. If our governments are creating laws to further impede their activities, then those laws must be broken.
Richard Brodie is a translator and anti-racist organiser in Palermo, Italy.
June 29 saw the latest episode in the criminalization of migration and migrant solidarity in the Mediterranean. German activist Carola Rackete, captain of the rescue ship Sea-Watch 3, was arrested by Italian authorities because of her efforts to save migrants from drowning. Though the courts have vindicated her actions, the government's criminalization of the NGO […]
Fortress Europe Is Sociopathic
Belén Fernández
Keeping Them Out, Killing Them Off
Tommaso Segantini
The Wall and the Sea
Leanne Tory-Murphy
Europe's Lethal Fortress


text:
__author__ = 'Tian Gan'

## unit test for get_checksum() from resource.py

from django.test import TestCase
from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from hs_core import hydroshare
from hs_core.models import GenericResource

class TestGetChecksum(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
         # create a user
        self.user1 = hydroshare.create_account(
            'creator@usu.edu',
            username='creator',
            first_name='Creator_FirstName',
            last_name='Creator_LastName',
            superuser=False,
            groups=[]
        )

        # create a resource
        self.res = hydroshare.create_resource(
            'GenericResource',
            self.user1,
            'Test Resource',
        )

    def tearDown(self):
        User.objects.all().delete()
        GenericResource.objects.all().delete()

    def test_get_checksum(self):
        self.assertRaises(
            NotImplementedError,
            lambda: hydroshare.get_checksum(self.res.pk)
        )


The homeowner's insurance your neighbor carries may not necessarily the best package for your needs. There are many different homeowners insurance plans available and it's really in your best interest to keep searching until you find the perfect policy. The following tips will provide some guidelines for and find the best deal.
You might not think that flood insurance is necessary, but it may be a smart idea anyway. You can also receive a big discount on flood insurance if you live in a low- or medium-risk area.
If you are going to be 55 soon, that's when you should ask for a review of your policy, or get a review on your policy. A lot of companies offer senior citizen a discount on home owners. Look around until you find a different policy elsewhere if your current one doesn't offer the discount.
You can save 10 percent on your premiums by getting fire alarms. Insurance providers see you as less of a risk when you have proper fire detection. Some insurers offer even greater discounts for homes with installing several fire alarms.
Paying your mortgage down to zero can save you a lot of money on homeowner's insurance. Insurance providers assume you will take better care more for their home. This can lower the cost of your premium. As soon as the mortgage is completely paid off, make a call to your insurance agent so the cost savings can begin.
Paying your full mortgage balance can lower your insurance cost. Insurance companies will generally offer savings once a risk when you own your home in full.
Many homeowners always pay too much insurance because they overestimate the value of their valuables. Be sure to update your policy to be in line with the current value.
Your goal should be to find a home insurance package that perfectly fits your needs. The cost of a more generic policy will be less, but may leave you in trouble when you file a claim. Make sure that you use the tips learned here as you shop for insurance, and find the best policy for your needs.
Taking the time to learn the proper methods of plumbing tasks can be extremely rewarding. It shows that you obviously care about your property and that you want to keep things in working order yourself. There is always room for improvement regardless of your skills. Below are a few tips to help.
If you have a water pipe that freezes, turn on a nearby faucet so that thawed ice has a place to go. This helps to relieve the pressure in the pipe and may prevent bursting, which could prevent a big mess in your home.
Check the floor for any give in order to be sure that there is no damage in the toilet to determine floor damage. You can wind up saving your money by noticing and treating this problem early as possible.
Schedule your plumbing work at one time. You may be tempted to call a professional plumber if you have any minor issues, but having multiple repairs done at once allows you to save up for the cost. Most plumbers have an hourly rate and a flat rate for the trip: asking a plumber to fix multiple problems in one visit to your home.
Now you have the understanding of plumbing that you can apply to fix your plumbing issues in your home. That must feel great! The tips in the article were brought together to help you with your plumbing problems and keep you informed about plumbing issues. Plumbing is an area where the learning never stops. You may even find a plumbing job or idea you like.
Water may be the source of all life, but it is sometimes a nemesis to a homeowner with plumbing problems. There are not many ways to destroy a home's structure than a major plumbing problem unfixed.
Knowing what tools and the proper way to use them will make you much better at plumbing. Before attempting any repairs, you should have a plan; otherwise, or you may make a costly mistake.
If you have a clogged toiled with a lower water lever, and plunging it isn't working, pouring a bucking of boiling water from a height into the toilet bowl could resolve the problem. Do this every time the water level dips back down again.
Don't put oil, grease or fat down the drain. This is primarily true if you are someone who has a garbage disposal; the fat can make the blades turn more slowly and less efficiently. Make sure you dispose of all oils away from the sink.
Pour baking soda followed by vinegar down your bathtub drain once a month. Plug the drain and allow the chemical reaction to occur.After a few minutes, flush the drain with boiling water. This procedure should clear pipes of accumulated hair and soap scum.
Check overflow holes for clogs. Clear the overflow holes when doing periodic checks for other problems and plumbing issues that should be addressed.
Use a cleaner that is enzyme based cleaners when cleaning clogged pipes.These cleaners use natural bacteria to turn the sludge into a liquid, and turn it into a liquid that is then flushed from your pipes. The cleaners that have enzymes are the best available.
The best way to avoid plumbing bills is prevention. Clogs are one of the top reasons for needing a plumber. Drains easily clogged by hair.It's a lot simpler to eliminate hair out of a screen than to pull it from a pipe.
Being educated and prepared will help you to avoid plumbing issues. The homeowners who educate themselves about plumbing are more prone to make better decisions regarding plumbing issues. Also, a homeowner who researches solutions before working on plumbing will avoid potential disasters.