text:
Q: When i add hit detection my canvas disapears I am currently working on a small js game just for fun.
But whenever I add hit detection to my cube, my entire canvas disappears. I have no idea what might be causing that and therefore I'm asking here. I'll add two snippets. One before I add the hit detection and one after. I hope someone can help me.

var myGamePiece;

function startGame() {
    myGamePiece = new component(30, 30, "red", 225, 225);
    myGameArea.start();
}

var myGameArea = {
    canvas : document.createElement("canvas"),
    start : function() {
        this.canvas.width = 500;
        this.canvas.height = 500;
        this.context = this.canvas.getContext("2d");
        document.body.insertBefore(this.canvas, document.body.childNodes[0]);
        this.frameNo = 0;
        this.interval = setInterval(updateGameArea, 20);
        window.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
            e.preventDefault();
            myGameArea.keys = (myGameArea.keys || []);
            myGameArea.keys[e.keyCode] = (e.type == "keydown");
        })
        window.addEventListener('keyup', function (e) {
            myGameArea.keys[e.keyCode] = (e.type == "keydown");
        })
    },
    stop : function() {
        clearInterval(this.interval);
    },
    clear : function() {
        this.context.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
    }
}

function component(width, height, color, x, y, type) {

    this.type = type;
    this.width = width;
    this.height = height;
    this.speed = 0;
    this.angle = 0;
    this.moveAngle = 0;
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.update = function() {
        ctx = myGameArea.context;
        ctx.save();
        ctx.translate(this.x, this.y);
        ctx.rotate(this.angle);
        ctx.fillStyle = color;
        ctx.fillRect(this.width / -2, this.height / -2, this.width, this.height);
        ctx.restore();
    }
    this.newPos = function() {
        this.angle += this.moveAngle * Math.PI / 180;
        this.x += this.speed * Math.sin(this.angle);
        this.y -= this.speed * Math.cos(this.angle);
    }
}

function updateGameArea() {
    myGameArea.clear();
    myGamePiece.moveAngle = 0;
    myGamePiece.speed = 0;
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[37]) {myGamePiece.moveAngle = -2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[39]) {myGamePiece.moveAngle = 2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[38]) {myGamePiece.speed= 2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[40]) {myGamePiece.speed= -2; }
    myGamePiece.newPos();
    myGamePiece.update();
}

And  here is the one where I added an obstacle and hit detection
If you were to put this into a canvas (in HTML) the entire canvas would disappear or at least that's what happens to me.

var myGamePiece;
var myObstacle;

function startGame() {
    myGamePiece = new component(30, 30, "red", 225, 225);
    myObstacle = new component(40, 40, "green", 300, 120);
    myGameArea.start();
}

var myGameArea = {
    canvas : document.createElement("canvas"),
    start : function() {
        this.canvas.width = 500;
        this.canvas.height = 500;
        this.context = this.canvas.getContext("2d");
        document.body.insertBefore(this.canvas, document.body.childNodes[0]);
        this.frameNo = 0;
        this.interval = setInterval(updateGameArea, 20);
        window.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
            e.preventDefault();
            myGameArea.keys = (myGameArea.keys || []);
            myGameArea.keys[e.keyCode] = (e.type == "keydown");
        })
        window.addEventListener('keyup', function (e) {
            myGameArea.keys[e.keyCode] = (e.type == "keydown");
        })
    },
    stop : function() {
        clearInterval(this.interval);
    },
    clear : function() {
        this.context.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
    }
}

function component(width, height, color, x, y, type) {

    this.type = type;
    this.width = width;
    this.height = height;
    this.speed = 0;
    this.angle = 0;
    this.moveAngle = 0;
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.update = function() {
        ctx = myGameArea.context;
        ctx.save();
        ctx.translate(this.x, this.y);
        ctx.rotate(this.angle);
        ctx.fillStyle = color;
        ctx.fillRect(this.width / -2, this.height / -2, this.width, this.height);
        ctx.restore();
    }
    this.newPos = function() {
        this.angle += this.moveAngle * Math.PI / 180;
        this.x += this.speed * Math.sin(this.angle);
        this.y -= this.speed * Math.cos(this.angle);
    }
     }
  this.crashWith = function(otherobj) {
    var myleft = this.x;
    var myright = this.x + (this.width);
    var mytop = this.y;
    var mybottom = this.y + (this.height);
    var otherleft = otherobj.x;
    var otherright = otherobj.x + (otherobj.width);
    var othertop = otherobj.y;
    var otherbottom = otherobj.y + (otherobj.height);
    var crash = true;
    if ((mybottom < othertop) ||
    (mytop > otherbottom) ||
    (myright < otherleft) ||
    (myleft > otherright)) {
      crash = false;
    }
    return crash;
  }

function updateGameArea() {
    if (myGamePiece.crashWith(myObstacle)) {
    myGameArea.stop();
  } else {
    myGameArea.clear();
    myObstacle.update();
    myGamePiece.moveAngle = 0;
    myGamePiece.speed = 0;
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[37]) {myGamePiece.moveAngle = -2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[39]) {myGamePiece.moveAngle = 2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[38]) {myGamePiece.speed= 2; }
    if (myGameArea.keys && myGameArea.keys[40]) {myGamePiece.speed= -2; }
    myGamePiece.newPos();
    myGamePiece.update();
}

A: When I copied your 2nd code snippet, I noticed the code was missing brackets in some places. Therefore I didn't have a canvas either.
So, there was an extra one after:
this.newPos = function() {
    this.angle += this.moveAngle * Math.PI / 180;
    this.x += this.speed * Math.sin(this.angle);
    this.y -= this.speed * Math.cos(this.angle);
}
 } <-- //This guy

You were missing one at the end of the component function:
    }
    return crash;
  }
"}" <-- //This one is missing

And to finish up you're missing the closing one of your updateGameArea() function:
    myGamePiece.update();
    }
"}" <-- //This one is missing too

After that I just moved myGameArea object at the start with the other ones (not mandatory, but it's good to have all your variables together), called:
startGame()

and voilà !
Those kind of errors won't really show up in the console, but you can notice them by running some auto-format/auto-indentation on your code. If the code is not indented well after that, there is a good chance you missed a bracket.


At Whistler Holiday Apartments you'll be within a 20-minute stroll of popular places like Lake Wakatipu and Queenstown Gardens. Highlights at this property include free self parking, and in-room kitchens and free WiFi.
You can enjoy a flat-screen TV with satellite channels, and each apartment features a balcony, a DVD player, and a hairdryer. In-room dining is easy with a kitchen that comes equipped with a fridge, a microwave, and a hob. An iron/ironing board and free toiletries are also available.
This smoke-free apartment offers dry cleaning/laundry services, free newspapers in the lobby, and tour/ticket assistance. Other amenities include laundry facilities and ski storage.
With a stay at this 4-star Queenstown property, you'll be 2.8 km (1.7 mi) from Skyline Gondola and 5 km (3.1 mi) from Shotover Jet.
Very friendly check in girl. Good room and great view. Best TV channel availability of my trip. Good kitchen and bathroom with washing machine. Room was a bit of a trek up the steps.
Cons: I accidentally left something behind (expensive body oil) and it was thrown out. Would be good practice to keep things found in rooms for a week?
Location: Close to central Queenstown. Easy walk.
This place is clean and well located. The staff are friendly and helpful.
Pros: Kitchen facilities were great & washing machine too.
Location: 5 minute walk to the centre of town and gondola. Ideally located.
Lovely modern apartment with all the facilities we needed close to town and supermarket.
I was on a much needed break and thoroughly enjoyed a relaxing stay - the apartment had fabulous views and was close to town.
Nice place. Only a 10 minute walk down to the water. Quiet and comfortable.
I enjoyed and had all I needed and had asked for.
I enjoyed and had all I needed and had asked for. There is nothing more to be said.
Whistler Holiday Apartments are very clean and comfortable within easy walking distance of town. The apartments provide everything you need to self cater and are perfect for a long stay.
Whistler Holiday Apartments offers its guests tour or ticket assistance, ski equipment storage, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. Whistler Holiday Apartments also features laundry facilities, dry cleaning/laundry services, and a lift. The front desk is open around the clock. Free self parking is available. This 4-star Queenstown apartment is smoke free.
Whistler Holiday Apartments offers 20 forms of accommodation with DVD players and a hairdryer. Rooms open to balconies. Accommodation at this 4-star apartment has kitchens with full-sized fridge/freezers, hobs and microwaves. Bathrooms include a shower and complimentary toiletries. Guests can surf the web using complimentary wireless Internet access. Flat-screen televisions come with satellite channels. Housekeeping is provided on a daily basis.
Qualmark® assigns an official star rating for accommodation in New Zealand. This Apartment property has been rated 4 stars.


text:
Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance
Tejaswini NIRANJANA
The paper examines the social role of Hindustani music in the Dharwad-Hubli region, situating the music's early 20th century emergence and proliferation against and within the debates on language that were central to cultural transformation in that area. What was the problem of Kannada and more broadly the language question in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries? What might have been the role of vocal music in negotiating the language conflict? The paper suggests that Hindustani music is part of the cultural labour undertaken in the region during the rise of Kannada "nationalism". The phrase draws attention to the nature of the work involved in cultural practice and performance, and the nature of performers' activity, through teaching, singing, playing, evaluating and arguing about music. Cultural labour references a visible aspect of social transformation and social process, the latter to be seen as marked by elusive shifts in ways of living, thinking and creating. The formation of the taste for Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad is one result of such shifts.
Published - 12 Jan 2013
Early versions of some of the arguments in the paper werefirst rehearsed in an essay published in Sangeet Natak, XLIII(2) (2009). Research for this paper was supported by the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin and the Institut d'etudes avancees de Nantes.
https://www.epw.in/journal/2013/02/special-articles/music-balance.html
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
modernity Social Sciences
music Social Sciences
Language Business & Economics
Modernity Business & Economics
Music Business & Economics
20th Century Business & Economics
labor Social Sciences
Nationalism Business & Economics
NIRANJANA, T. (2013). Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance. Economic and Political Weekly, 48(2), 41-48. https://www.epw.in/journal/2013/02/special-articles/music-balance.html
NIRANJANA, Tejaswini. / Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance. In: Economic and Political Weekly. 2013 ; Vol. 48, No. 2. pp. 41-48.
@article{c913817d490a48cd9e92a7a62a309670,
title = "Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance",
abstract = "The paper examines the social role of Hindustani music in the Dharwad-Hubli region, situating the music's early 20th century emergence and proliferation against and within the debates on language that were central to cultural transformation in that area. What was the problem of Kannada and more broadly the language question in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries? What might have been the role of vocal music in negotiating the language conflict? The paper suggests that Hindustani music is part of the cultural labour undertaken in the region during the rise of Kannada {"}nationalism{"}. The phrase draws attention to the nature of the work involved in cultural practice and performance, and the nature of performers' activity, through teaching, singing, playing, evaluating and arguing about music. Cultural labour references a visible aspect of social transformation and social process, the latter to be seen as marked by elusive shifts in ways of living, thinking and creating. The formation of the taste for Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad is one result of such shifts.",
author = "Tejaswini NIRANJANA",
note = "Early versions of some of the arguments in the paper werefirst rehearsed in an essay published in Sangeet Natak, XLIII(2) (2009). Research for this paper was supported by the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin and the Institut d{\textquoteright}etudes avancees de Nantes.",
journal = "Economic and Political Weekly",
publisher = "Economic and Political Weekly",
NIRANJANA, T 2013, 'Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance', Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 41-48. <https://www.epw.in/journal/2013/02/special-articles/music-balance.html>
Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance. / NIRANJANA, Tejaswini.
In: Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 48, No. 2, 12.01.2013, p. 41-48.
T1 - Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance
AU - NIRANJANA, Tejaswini
N1 - Early versions of some of the arguments in the paper werefirst rehearsed in an essay published in Sangeet Natak, XLIII(2) (2009). Research for this paper was supported by the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin and the Institut d'etudes avancees de Nantes.
N2 - The paper examines the social role of Hindustani music in the Dharwad-Hubli region, situating the music's early 20th century emergence and proliferation against and within the debates on language that were central to cultural transformation in that area. What was the problem of Kannada and more broadly the language question in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries? What might have been the role of vocal music in negotiating the language conflict? The paper suggests that Hindustani music is part of the cultural labour undertaken in the region during the rise of Kannada "nationalism". The phrase draws attention to the nature of the work involved in cultural practice and performance, and the nature of performers' activity, through teaching, singing, playing, evaluating and arguing about music. Cultural labour references a visible aspect of social transformation and social process, the latter to be seen as marked by elusive shifts in ways of living, thinking and creating. The formation of the taste for Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad is one result of such shifts.
AB - The paper examines the social role of Hindustani music in the Dharwad-Hubli region, situating the music's early 20th century emergence and proliferation against and within the debates on language that were central to cultural transformation in that area. What was the problem of Kannada and more broadly the language question in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries? What might have been the role of vocal music in negotiating the language conflict? The paper suggests that Hindustani music is part of the cultural labour undertaken in the region during the rise of Kannada "nationalism". The phrase draws attention to the nature of the work involved in cultural practice and performance, and the nature of performers' activity, through teaching, singing, playing, evaluating and arguing about music. Cultural labour references a visible aspect of social transformation and social process, the latter to be seen as marked by elusive shifts in ways of living, thinking and creating. The formation of the taste for Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad is one result of such shifts.
M3 - Journal Article (refereed)
JO - Economic and Political Weekly
JF - Economic and Political Weekly
NIRANJANA T. Language, modernity and Hindustani sangeet in Dharwad : music in the balance. Economic and Political Weekly. 2013 Jan 12;48(2):41-48.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Kubernetes Tag
October 30, 2018 In Business, Other By Ritesh Patel
IBM acquisition of Red Hat will trigger tectonic changes in IT landscape
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Are Your Kubernetes Clusters Secure?
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Enterprise-Wide Kubernetes
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According to Research and Markets analysis, the multi-cloud market will grow to USD $44 billion by 2022. 451 Research says 69% of enterprises will have multi-cloud and hybrid cloud IT environments by 2019. Containers are one of the key enablers for cloud adoption, with Kubernetes…
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Duncan leads Moore Stephens' national Restructuring & Insolvency division and the national sector specialist Food Advisory Group, together with the corporate advisory team in Southampton. Specialising in all aspects of business restructuring and rescue, Duncan has a strong track record in working successfully with boards, banks and asset based lenders. Duncan's expertise spans the engineering, maritime, property, professional practice and food production & processing sectors. Duncan's nationally recognised expertise in the food production & processing sector includes published submissions to the Competition Commission during its 2006-2008 Groceries Market Review. Notable cases include, Food Brokers, Manor Farm Ducks, Rayner Foods, Devon Desserts/BG Foods, Dairywise and Keith Floyds' Public House. Duncan is 2018/19 Vice President of R3 the UK trade association for insolvency, restructuring, advisory and turnaround professionals.


The last weeks were particularly busy for me because I was taking exams in university. Therefore I had not much time to blog and I will probably not be able to blog as much as I usually do until March. There won't be a Mini-Review edition for January but I'll include the January wines in the February edition. I probably should have let you know earlier about what's going on at Vino in Love. Anyways let's talk about wine! After all this is a wine blog isn't it?!
Some of you might remember that I travelled to Lazio & Tuscany last December where I naturally had to buy some wines. One of the wines I that I was not familiar with was the 2009 Azienda Macchialta Montecucco Riserva DOC. I bought this one at a grocery store in Capalbio, a medieval town in the province of Grosseto. for a little under 8€. Italian grocery stores usually carry good wines from local wineries for little money. There seems to be only little information about Azienda Macchialta on the Internet but I found some information about Macchialta on the website of the Consorzio del Vino di Montecucco. It appears that Macchialta produces next to wine also honey.
I found no technical sheet for this wine but according to the label it's produced only with Sangiovese grapes. Furthermore, the label says that the wine that the wine aged in barriques. Since this is a Riserva I assume that it aged at least 18 months in oak.
In the glass, deep garnet-red color with cherry red hues. 13.5% was the label listed ABV.
On the nose, there were aromas of raspberries, pepper, black pepper, maraschino (a liquor made from marasca cherries) and vanilla.
In the mouth, very smooth, quite mineralic and warm. There was a fresh acidity. Intense notes of red berries and cocoa. The wine had a medium body. Persistently long finish.
I wish I bought more than just two bottles of this wine. Outstanding quality price ratio and overall a very solid wine. Next time I visit my relatives in Lazio I will buy at least a case of this wine. I am still debating if I should rate this wine with 4 stars or not. Good thing I have a bottle left to decide this.
The wine paired very well with some Mexican food ( I prepared burritos and quesadillas). Probably not the intended pairing for this wine but in my opinion this was a good pairing.
Montecucco wines are often underappreciated in my opinion. If you haven't tried any Montecucco wines yet then why don't you give them a try? ? After all, the wines are smilier to the ones you find in Montepulciano and Montalcino.
That's all for today! Have a good week. Cheers!
For a moment I believed you quit blogging..
Good luck with your exams. I didn't know you're in college.
I don't think I tried any Montecucco wine before. Maybe they are not easily available in the UK? I think I saw Colle Massari in a wine store though..
No worries! I only took a short break.
I'm not a big fan of Colle Massari. However, they make a few good wines like the Lombrone. I recently red that Colle Massari was selected as winery of the year from the Gambero Rosso, which will probably result in even higher prices for these wines..
Good to see you back, Julian!
Haven't heard about the wine but it doesn't surprise me really since I don't remember drinking any wine from Montecucco before.
It seems that there is always something new to try! I assume that this wine is quite similar to a Chianti?
Thanks for the comment. Well both, Chianti and Montecucco are produced with a high percentage of Sangiovese so there is some similarity. However, I find that many (younger) Chianti have a stronger, more aggressive acidity than their cousins from Montecucco.
Best of luck on the exams, I know you will do well. I know exactly what you mean, I got almost all of my everyday drinking wine from a small grocer near my house in Naples. They had Lacryma Christi by the barrel, it was wonderful, very inexpensive and the wine was outstanding. Your grocery store find sounds great!
Lacryma Christi by the barrel sounds great! I wish these inexpensive deals would be available outside of Italy. Buying these type of wine is always something I look forward to when visiting Italy.
I wish you the best of luck with your exams!
Thanks for letting us know–I was worried! Best of luck with the exams!
No need to worry 🙂 Thank you very much!!
Thank you! Really appreciate your kind words!
I was worried! Thanks for letting us know what's going on.
Best of luck with the exams!!
Sorry for my late reply and thank you for your kinds words!
Good luck on the exams . . . perhaps you can celebrate with a bottle of something special when they're over? Prost!!
Thank you so much! Sorry for my late reply..
Good Luck on your exams! I'm sure you are going to ace them!! 🙂 This wine sounds fantastic!


A high quality range of jacks, manufactured in the EEC. All steel and fitted with a safety overload valve. A one piece base, reservoir and pump cylinder design gives added strength. Fully serviceable ram piston with extension screw.


Las Gondolas holiday apartment with Free Wifi located on the La Manga Strip Mar Menor with its sandy beaches and sea on both sides. It is difficult to imagine a more idyllic place for all lovers of water sports, marinas and beaches, you are never more that a few meters from the sea.
The apartment offers 2 bedrooms ,There is a separate well-equipped kitchen and utility room with washing machine and tumble dryer, spacious living area and a generous main balcony. The sitting room is also equipped comfortable sofas, dining table, chairs, etc. Residencial Las Gondolas....... apartments are situated at the Northern end of La Manga strip facing both the Mar Menor and the Mediterranean sea.
The area enjoys two seas and the beaches ,Veneziola, La Manga del Mar Menor (South east Spain on the Costa Calida) , just 40mtrs from the Mar Menor & Mediterranean at one of the most unusual places in the world, Situated at the sandy Veneziola beach in a prime location between the warm shallow waters of the Mar Menor and the blue Mediterranean, close to the new marina, Las Góndolas is an exclusive complex of high specification apartments with a spectacular themed communal swimming pool with feature fountain, Jacuzzi area, shower room.


An' gripin' 'bout the way things oughta be.
An' standin' up for things that they believe in.
Their, walkin' on the fightin' side of me.
Our fightin' men have fought and tried to keep.
Let this song that I'm singin' be a warnin'.
Who claims, he just don't believe in fightin'.
The rest of us can count on bein' free.
But they preach about some other way of livin'.
Aww, They're walkin' on the fightin' side of me.
George Jones - The Fightin' Side of Me Song Lyrics from "Other Songs".


The apocalypse : oratorio for mixed voices and orchestra, vocal score / music by Eugene Goossens.
Instrumentation: SATB choir, soloists, orchestra.
Text selected from 'The Revelation of St John the Divine' by the Rev. Frank Moore and the composer.
13 Nov 82: Concert Hall, Sydney Opera House. Featuring Sydney Symphony, Myer Fredman, Sydney Philharmonia Choirs, Grant Dickson, Gregory Yurisich, Ronald Dowd, Narelle Tapping, Lauris Elms, Raymond McDonald.


If you already have CaSA thermostats operating in your home we need your help. We're looking for customers to join the CaSA wifi-connected peak time conservation trial.
Just like when cars are bumper-to-bumper on the highway during a rush hour commute to work, our electricity system experiences peak times as well. These peak times often occur on cold winter nights when everyone turns on their heat, or on hot summer days when air conditioning peaks. With your help, we're hoping to reduce electricity usage during these peak periods. The smart technology of the CaSA thermostat can be used to make only the slightest adjustment to the setpoint to reduce energy usage during peak times, while still keeping you comfortable.
At all times you have full control of your thermostat. If you need to adjust the temperature at any time, you can.
You don't need to do anything, it's just a heads up.
Events will either be in the morning or in the afternoon/evening.
An event will last 1 hour, 2 hours or 3 hours.
The system will adjust your thermostat setpoints slightly during the event to save energy usage during the peak time.
You will still have full control over your thermostat, if you need to adjust the temperature, you can override at any moment.
December 2019 to March 2020.
Payments will be made at the end of each winter season.
Taking part in each peak time event is voluntary, if a particular event does not work for you remember, you always have full control of your thermostats. You don't need to participate in all the events to receive the $25 incentive.
During the trial, you'll be asked to complete up to 3 short surveys about your experience.
Please read the terms and conditions [PDF, 36 KB] for full details.
Applications will be accepted until December 30, 2018 or until we're fully subscribed for the trial. Applicants will be notified by the end of December if they're a chosen participant.
BC Hydro has an agreement with CaSA and NRCan to recruit participants for this trial and to design, deliver and analyse the Trial. BC Hydro will not share any personally identifiable information with CaSA or NRCan. All data shared will be de-identified.


text:
3.5 x 5 in. (22)
3.5 x 4.25 in. (5)
kleiner, greta (photographer) (5)
de lloyd, davis (1)
haussler, paul (photographer) (1)
renum, roger (photographer) (1)
1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 (1)
1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 (1)
adobe buildings (43)
higuera-galindo adobe (32)
rancho santa teresa (19)
All fields: (researcher
1870 San Jose City Directory
San Jose -- California
The San Jose City Directory and Business Guide of Santa Clara County, for the year commencing January 1, 1870 being a complete directory of the residents within the City of San Jose; also, a full directory of public offices, streets, avenues and...
Casa de Estudillo adobe house.
Adobe buildings; Buildings; Porches; Pottery
A partially covered exterior of the Casa de Estudillo adobe house in San Diego. Although the roof is made of large beams that look untouched, the railing appears to be refashioned with lattice. A stone water filter that sits on the tile porch with...
Grave of Agustin Bernal.
Cemeteries; Death; Graves
The grave site and headstone of Augustin Bernal. Augustin Bernal ran the Rancho Santa Teresa with his brother Bruno after the death of their father Jose Joaquin Bernal. The grave is on the north side of the church at the Mission San Jose Cemetery...
Hills and valley at the Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
Hills; Valleys
Bushes fill a valley made where several hills meet at the Higuera-Galindo Adobe property.
Higuera-Galindo Adobe roof.
Adobe buildings; Buildings
A view of the now deteriorated roof from the ground of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. The roof consists of several beams and torn fabric. This photograph was taken during the restoration process. The building was restored and preserved by historical...
A side view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
A side exterior view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe taken from a distance. A person stands directly in front of the side wall and the adobe sits in front of hills and is flanked by trees. The building was restored and preserved by historical...
A rear view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
A rear exterior view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. Broken wood and other parts of the adobe lay on the floor behind the structure. This photograph was taken during the restoration process. The building was restored and preserved by historical...
Higuera-Galindo Adobe door frame.
A door framed in wood with a beam crossing the front of it in the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. A person who is not entirely visible holds the beam in place. This photograph was taken during the restoration process. The building was restored and preserved...
Exterior view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe from a field behind the building. A small fence sits in front of the structure and the dirt road and valley is visible behind it. he building was restored and preserved by historical architect Gilbert...
Bernal Adobe building.
A side exterior shot of the Augustin Bernal Adobe, Rancho El Valle, taken from beyond the short plank and wire fence. The front picket fence can be seen near the veranda style porch and the house is partially obscured by a large bush. The backyard...
Exterior view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe from a nearby part of the dirt road leading up to the building. A small second structure stands next to the adobe. This photograph was taken right before the restoration process. The building was restored...
Restored Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
Exterior view of a the restored Higuera-Galindo Adobe. The building was restored and preserved by historical architect Gilbert Sanchez and contractor C.F. Buckley in 1978 and was the first adobe in California restored using authentically rebuilt...
Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
An exterior back view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. Only beams remain on the roof and several walls are deteriorated. This photograph was taken right before the restoration process. The building was restored and preserved by historical architect...
An exterior view of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. The dilapidated wooden and adobe structure sits in front of hills and a fence. Wood and rubble sits to the side of the building. This photograph was taken right before the restoration process. The...
The restored Higuera-Galindo Adobe. The building was restored and preserved by historical architect Gilbert Sanchez and contractor C.F. Buckley in 1978. It was the first adobe in California restored using authentically rebuilt non-stabilized adobe...
Higuera-Galindo Adobe door.
Adobe buildings; Buildings; Doors & doorways
A close up of the restored large wooden door of the Higuera-Galindo Adobe There is a large lock on the door and a dirt floor leads all the way to the entrance. The building was restored and preserved by historical architect Gilbert Sanchez and...
Higuera-Galindo Adobe bricks.
Adobe bricks drying on straw on the ground at the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. They were made as part of the restoration effort that took place in 1978.The building was restored and preserved by historical architect Gilbert Sanchez and contractor C.F....
Higuera-Galindo Adobe landscape.
Hills; Landscape photographs
A view of the landscape from the Higuera-Galindo Adobe. A person stands in the background, in front of a hill and after a dip in the rocky dirt ground.
Restored Higuera-Galindo Adobe landscape.
Adobe buildings; Buildings; Dirt roads; Hills
A view of the restored Higuera-Galindo Adobe and surrounding landscape property taken from a nearby hill. Trees sit in front of the building and a network of roads are visible in front of a valley where there are multiple houses and farmland. The...
Trees at the Higuera-Galindo Adobe.
Trees and landscape at the Higuera-Galindo Adobe property.


In 2006 Fernando Valverde (Granada, 1980) published the volume Poesía (1997-2017), where he collected his complete poetry until that date: Viento favorable (1997-2002), Razones para huir de una ciudad con frío (2004), Los ojos del pelícano (2010) and La insistencia del daño (2014). We analyse here the establishment of a peculiar poetic cartography, which plays a crucial role: it connects territories and cultures through the same existential matrix, shaping an internal geography based on the subjective appropriation of city and nature. This conversion of the ?place? into a ?practiced space? (Micheal De Certeau) is realized here though two devices: the map and the travel. Valverde initiates his poetry with the metaphor of ?walking?: the present appropriation of the natural space, but above all the urban space, is achieved by an authorial voice who selects and builds his itinerary in the confluence of the historic experience, both public and private. Space and subject are, thus, the two coordinates we will deal with, considering them as two sides of the same coin, conceiving them as categories with a cultural and epistemological thickness, which consolidates the ancestral concept of homo viator, within an urban globalized imaginary, closest to something that has already become a phenomenon of our age: ?the spatial turn?.


What I love about Wales are those unique green tones you see on the hills and mountains. And, being such a changeable climate, you can encounter some very dramatic scenery where shadows and light reveal the shapes and colours of the mountains like a painter would do on his canvas.
One of my favourite places to visit in Mid-Wales are the Cregennan Lakes. It is also one of those places where the scenery becomes incredibly dramatic if you are so lucky as to have the right mix of light and shadow. And it just so happened that it was one of those days.
I had with me the Pen E-P5, the M.Zuiko 12mm f/2 and the Lumix 35-100 f/2.8. My niece and I climbed to the top where the most breathtaking view unfolds before you.
After taking various wide angle shots, I mounted the zoom on the way down and tried capturing those unique shapes up close to make them look like paintings. There was a lot of wind and I wanted to close my aperture to have enough sharpness, so I had to be very careful to not slow down the shutter speed too much as I would end up with blurry pictures. Despite the 5-axis stabilisation of the E-P5, even 1/400s can be too slow with a telephoto lens if there is a lot of wind. A tripod would have been of great help in this situation.
Back home, I post-processed the RAW files with Lightroom 5 to increase the contrast and give to the photographs a more dramatic look. I mainly edited contrast, colour vibrancy and clarity. I also added some sharpness to the pictures taken with the 35-100mm.
Below you can enjoy those photographic paintings! If you have taken similar pictures in other places, please feel free to share them on our Facebook page!


We didn't get the house but we went out and saw more houses this week. We narrowed our choices down to two. One of them is a boring, smallish split level in a great neighborhood and a good school district. The other, is a ranch in poor condition that is an opportunity for us to customize the space and create our perfect home. We will be making offers this week, so hope one of them comes through!
PS In pregnancy news. I somehow gained 7 lbs in one month and I failed my 1 hour sugar test. I now have to be tested for the 3 hour sugar test in case I have developed gestational diabetes.
I have spent a year and a half refusing to consider ranches and split levels, and I think I have finally accepted that that is the way we too will need to go (they're the only "affordable" options these days)… Fact is they usually have a great floorplan.


text:
Internet Censorship Continues as Facebook Bans CRTV Host Gavin McInnes
The social-media ideological purge continues. Facebook has now banned Gavin McInnes, the host of CRTV's Get off my Lawn and the founder of the Proud Boys organization, which is known …
The social-media ideological purge continues. Facebook has now banned Gavin McInnes, the host of CRTV's Get off my Lawn and the founder of the Proud Boys organization, which is known for confronting vicious Antifa agitators during their usually violent, anarchist protests. The social network has also begun banning individuals with ties to McInnes or Proud Boys.
Instagram joined Facebook, also banning McInnes and Proud Boys content. Twitter had already banned McInnes earlier this year.
The purge is ongoing, as the main pages of McInnes and Proud Boys have been removed but several associated pages remain functional for the time being.
A Facebook spokesperson told Business Insider, "Our team continues to study trends in organized hate and hate speech and works with partners to better understand hate organizations as they evolve. We ban these organizations and individuals from our platforms and also remove all praise and support when we become aware of it. We will continue to review content, Pages and people that violate our policies, take action against hate speech and hate organizations to help keep our community safe."
One of Facebook's "partners" is the malicious left-wing smear group the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) — a hate group which, ironically, still has a Facebook page.
The banning is said to be in response to an incident in October in which Antifa goons showed up to disrupt a McInnes appearance at the Metropolitan Republican Club in New York City. The left-wing anarchist group first vandalized the Republican Club earlier that day, and left a note with the warning that the vandalism was "merely a beginning."
On the night of Mcinnes' appearance, a brawl instigated by Antifa ensued. Of course, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo blamed President Trump for the incident.
"Once you unleash hate and division and you demonize differences, you lose control of it. You can't target it," Cuomo said. "It's lighting a match in a field of dry grass. The wind takes it and it just takes off."
Governor Cuomo then did what today's Democrats do: He used state resources to settle a political score by siccing a State Police hate-crime unit on McInnes and the Proud Boys. Three Antifa members were arrested in connection with the riot. Police are still seeking some members of both groups.
McInnes and the Proud Boys describe themselves as "Western Chauvinists," which is particularly provocative to leftists who believe that America is the source of most problems in the world. According to their website, "The basic tenet of the group is that we are 'Western Chauvinists who refuse to apologize for creating the modern world.'"
The group further boasts that it "includes all races, religions and sexual preferences," therefore it cannot be classified as "alt-right."
Facebook and the other social-media giants have taken a far more aggressive approach with conservatives during 2018. In August, Facebook, Apple, Twitter, Spotify, and most of the rest banned Alex Jones and InfoWars from their platforms in the space of two weeks.
And social media's standards for offensiveness appear to be moving farther and farther left. First it was Alex Jones, then Gavin McInnes. Who will be the next conservative or Constitution-friendly voice to be banned? Steven Crowder? Ann Coulter? The New American?
Besides outright banning of conservative voices, the social networks and search engines also engage in the practice of "shadow banning" conservative voices by burying search results and demonetizing conservative videos on YouTube.
And it doesn't end with political speech or the social networks. Christian website LifeSite was blacklisted by its web host recently with no explanation given. Lifesite reports on current events from a Christian point of view. Can't have that in this day of political correctness run amok.
Free speech is in crisis in America. It is no longer a case of leftists on college campuses looking to ban or disrupt conservative speakers. The de facto monopoly that Silicon Valley has on social media and the Internet at large is dangerous to any political speech to the right of Chairman Mao. Make no mistake, unless you're willing to kowtow to political correctness or stifle your conservative opinion about issues of the day, you are at risk of similar removal by the social-media thought police.
Source: https://www.thenewamerican.com/tech/computers/item/30520-internet-censorship-continues-as-facebook-bans-crtv-host-gavin-mcinnes
#2018 #Andrew Cuomo #antifa #censorship #free speech #silicon valley #SPLC
The Plamegate Affair: Journalist Robert Novak Publicly ID's Covert CIA Officer Valerie Plame
Freelance Journalist Laura Loomer was Banned from Twitter for Criticizing a Politician's Support of Female Genital Mutilation.
Roku Bans Alex Jones App One Day after Release
PreviousProud Boys Purged from Facebook
NextGovernment Study Finds 'Clear Evidence' for Heart Tumors From Cellphone Radiation


Herpes! The first thought in most people's mind is venereal disease, sexual transmitted disease (STD). But, in fact most instances of herpes, at least those affecting the eye, are not sexually transmitted, and are not even the type of herpes that is usually associated with sexually transmitted disease. The vast majority of instances of herpes infection of the eye are from type 1 herpes simplex virus, the type of herpes virus that causes fever blisters and cold sores. The primary infection is usually acquired during childhood, and there may be no signs or indication of that contraction of the microbe. But the microbe establishes a saprophytic relationship in nerve tissue (ganglion), and lies dormant or latent, in a state similar to hibernation, until provoked to "wake-up," multiply, migrate down nerves and establish clinically obvious infection in the area supplied by that nerve, for example, lip, tongue, or, in some rare instances, the eye.
Ocular manifestations of herpes simplex infections can be in the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis), in the sclera (scleritis), in the cornea (keratitis), inside the eyeball itself (uveitis), or in the retina (retinitis). It is a potentially dangerous process even when it affects just conjunctiva, since infection in this area can in some instances result in spreading or inoculation into the cornea. When the infection involves cornea or the intraocular parts of the eye or the retina, the potential for substantial loss of vision is enormous.
Therefore, proper diagnosis and treatment is critical if one is to preserve good vision and, more importantly, be free of repeated episodes of reactivation of the virus from its latent state and reestablishment of active infection again, and again, and again. Proper therapy during an episode of active, (productive) infection, with rapidly multiplying virus is with the use of antiviral medication, sometimes used just topically, but also sometimes used systemically (by mouth). And just as in the case of the debilitating effects of recurrent episodes of active infection in patients with frequently recurrent genital herpes, so too with herpes infections of the eye the person's life can be literally transformed through the long-term use of prophylactic oral antiviral medication (for example, acyclovir). We first showed this in our care of patients who needed to have corneal transplantation as a result of scarring secondary to recurrent episodes of inflammation in the cornea secondary to herpes simplex virus. We showed that long-term treatment with oral acyclovir resulted in a much higher success rate of the corneal transplants, a much lower rate of recurrence of herpes keratitis, and a much lower rate of irretrievable rejection of the cornea transplant. We have now also shown that this strategy is effective for patients with uveitis secondary to herpes.


Roogent is a Responsive App Landing Page Template based on Application Development. It's easy to use and easy to customize. Compatible with Desktop, Laptop, Tablet, Mobile or any other devices.
Also designed with smooth transition, animation effect and clean code, this template using for business marketing or app development.
AvisitzThemes AvisitzThemes Market is available for freelance work at $3/h rate.


text:
package com.curso.spring.beans.auto;

import com.curso.spring.beans.Empleado;

public class Jefe extends Empleado {

    private Empleado asesor;

    public Jefe() {
    }

    public Jefe(String nombre, int sueldo) {
        super(nombre, sueldo);
    }

    public Empleado getAsesor() {
        return asesor;
    }

    public void setAsesor(Empleado asesor) {
        this.asesor = asesor;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString() + "Asesor: " + getAsesor();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Commando Veterans Archive website is a not for profit online source of free information about Commandos who have served since their formation in 1940 to the present day. The website team consists of four people - three sons and one grandson of WW2 Army Commandos. It is managed independently of the Association. View our FAQs.
Responsible for all matters on website policy or technical issues.
John Mewett and his son Dan Mewett.
Responsible for new content additions or updates and general administration, obituaries, rolls of honour, and the gallery.
Responsible for our forum, including any issues with registration to it, and any additions, information, corrections, or updates to our Nominal Rolls.
Register on the forum to make a general enquiry on any matter. This particularly applies to those looking for information about military service. By this method your enquiry will come to the notice of our Research Group and the many knowledgeable members of our Forum.
Read the section above on Research Enquiries before you contact us. For all other matters you can send a message to the team here. Remember to choose the appropriate category from the dropdown list on the form here Contact Us.


text:
Mladic Must Testify At Karadzic Trial
The United Nations tribunal has ruled that former Bosnian Serb army chief Ratko Mladic must testify in the war crimes trial of Radovan Karadzic, the wartime Bosnian Serb political leader.
Bosnia, Iran Drawn Together In World Cup
The group draw for the 32 countries that have qualified for the soccer World Cup in Brazil next summer has been completed.
Bosnia Arrests 9 For War Crimes
Nine former Bosnian Serb policemen have been arrested on suspicion of crimes against humanity committed during the country's 1992-95 civil war.
'Progress' At Marathon Bosnia Talks
EU Enlargement Commissioner Stefan Fuele says "some positive progress" has been achieved at marathon talks with Bosnian leaders to remove a key obstacle to the country's EU integration.
Transparency International Says Corruption Rampant In CIS
Transparency International is warning that the abuse of power, secret dealings, and bribery within the public sector continue to "ravage" countries around the world, including in the former Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States.
Muslim-Croat Federation Leader Indicted
Zivko Budimir, the president of the Muslim-Croat federation, one of the autonomous regions of Bosnia-Herzegovina, has been indicted on charges of abuse of office.
Bosnians Protest UN Tribunal Chief
War survivors and civil activists have protested a speech in Sarajevo by the president of the UN war crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, marking the 20th anniversary of the court's founding.
Bosnian U.S. Embassy Attacker Gets Jail
A court of appeals in Bosnia has sentenced Serbian national, Mevlid Jasarevic, to 15 years in jail for attacking the U.S. Embassy in Sarajevo in 2011.
Bosnia Frees Some Srebrenica Criminals
A Bosnian court has ordered the release of 10 men convicted for war crimes pending a retrial, saying the wrong criminal code was applied at the men's initial trial.
Sarajevo Embassy Shooter Says Sorry
A man being retried for attacking the U.S. Embassy in Sarajevo in 2011 has apologized for what he now calls his "stupid act."
Census Shows Bosnia Population Drop
Bosnia's population has dropped by 13 percent in two decades, according to preliminary results from the country's first census since the 1992-95 war.
EU, Balkans Slammed On Migration
The Council of Europe's human rights commissioner, Nils Muiznieks, has published a research paper severely criticizing the migration policies of the European Union and the countries in the Western Balkans.


text:
January 26, 2016 Rob Davis
Review of Main Functional Areas of Cerebral Cortex
Sensory areas for face and hand are on the lateral convexities while the leg areas are in the interhemispheric fissure
Broca's area in inferior frontal gyrus, just anterior to the articulatory areas of the primary motor cortex
Wernicke's area lies in the superior temporal gyrus, adjacent to the primary auditory cortex
Optic radiations pass under the parietal and temporal cortex; thus infarcts in these lobes can cause contralateral visual field deficits
General Information Regarding CVAs
CVAs can cause seizures due to scar tissue
Depression occurs in approximately 30% of CVA patients – such patients have greater functional disability and subsequent mortality.
Left-sided CVAs are most closely associated with depression
Although function usually improves over time, patients may continue to show worsening deficits or decreased consciousness over the next few days because of cerebral edema (or less often, from extension of the infarct)
Severe cerebral edema can cause potentially fatal shift in intracranial structures
Locked-in Syndrome Mute and quadriplegic – but intact cognitive capacity
Usually result from infarct of inferior portion of the pons or medulla
Can respond by opening and closing eyes
Alert with normal cognition and affect
Anastomes Connections between different cerebral arteries on the cortical surface. Allows perfusion between arterial systems to limit extent of cortical damage in stroke. While this can protect gray matter, it also creates greater vulnerability in the "border zones" or watershed areas between arteries, as they are the most distal portions of the blood supply. There is little collateral circulation in the white matter
Circle of Willis: Anterior and Posterior Circulations
Circle of Willis
An anastomotic ring, from which all major cerebral vessels arise
Provides abundant opportunities for collateral flow; however a complete ring is present in only approximately 25% of individuals
Main Arteries of the Circle of Willis
Cerebral blood supply provided to circle of Willis by the:
Internal Carotid Arteries (paired; see text p. 370 for names of artery sections prior to entering Circle of Willis)
Supplies most of the diencephalon and cerebral hemispheres
Vertebral Arteries (paired) which fuse into the Basilar Artery
Cortex and subcortical structures receive blood through three main artery supplies:
Anterior Cerebral Artery Arise from internal carotid arteries
Middle Cerebral Artery Arise from internal carotid arteries
Posterior Cerebral Artery Arise from top of basilar artery
Two anastomes in the Circle of Willis
Anterior Communicating Artery (anastomes of the anterior cerebral artery)
Posterior Communicating Artery (connect internal carotids to the posterior cerebral arteries)
Anatomy and Vascular Territories of the Three Main Cerebral Arteries
The 3 main arteries give rise to numerous branches that travel in the subarachnoid space of the surface of the brain
Subcortical areas are supplied by penetrating branches that arise from initial segments of the arteries near the Circle of Willis at the base of the brain
Vascular Supplies of the Superficial Cerebral Structures
(see figure 10.5 for visual depiction of information provided below; ACA and MCA are both involved in the "anterior circulation")
Supplies most of cortex on the anterior medial surface of the brain, from the frontal to the anterior parietal lobes, usually including the medial sensorimotor cortex (i.e., the sensory cortex for the lower extremity).
Travels in the interhemispheric fissure as it sweeps back over the corpus callosum
Two branches: Pericallosal Artery and the Callosomarginal Artery
Supplies most of the cortex on the dorsolateral convexity of the brain (involving frontal, parietal and temporal lobes).
Passes over the insula, around the operculum and then exits the Sylvian fissure onto the lateral convexity
Superior Division Supplies cortex above Sylvian fissure and inferior division supplies the region below the Sylvian fissure.
Supplies inferior and medial temporal and occipital cortex (including the visual cortex).
Vascular Supplies of the Deep Cerebral Structures
(see figures 10.8 and 10.9 pp 374-375 for visual depiction of information provided below)
Lenticulostriate Arteries
They arise from the initial portions of the MCA, before it enters the Sylvian Fissure and supply:
internal capsule
In hypertension, these arteries are prone to narrowing, leads to lacunar infarcts or rupture (hemorrhage).
current Artery of Heubner
They supply:
head of the caudate
anterior putamen
globus pallidus
Thalamoperforator Arteries
Thalamus and sometimes posterior limb of the internal capsule
Vertebral/Basilar System
Midbrain, cerebellum, and portions of the temporal and occipital lobes
CVAs with total occlusion lead to coma or locked-in syndrome
Occlusion of a branch can lead to cranial nerve palsy or contralateral hemiparesis
putamen
posterior limb of internal capsule
Clinical Syndromes of the Three Main Cerebral Arteries
(see Table 10.1 pp 376 and 377)
Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
Occlusion of the proximal part of the artery generally results in contralateral hemiparesis, hemi-sensory loss, homonymous hemianopsia, aphasia (w/left hemisphere lesions) and hemi-inattention, anosognosia, apraxia, neglect, dysprosody, etc. (w/right hemisphere lesions)
if anterior – Broca's aphasia
if posterior – fluent aphasia
may also see transcortical aphasia or global aphasia (if entire MCA watershed area affected)
posterior MCA infarcts may also lead to Angular Gyrus syndrome (fluent aphasia, alexia with agraphia, Gerstmann's syndrome, constructional problems)
Infarcts and ischemic events are more common in the MCA than in the ACA or PCA, partly because of their relatively larger territory. Infarcts occur in 3 general areas:
Superior Division Supplies cortex above the Sylvian fissure
Inferior Division Supplies cortex of lateral temporal and occipital lobes below Sylvian fissure, and part of lateral parietal cortex
Deep Territory Includes internal capsule and much of the basal ganglia
Proximal MCA occlusions affecting all 3 regions are called: MCA stem infarcts
Large MCA infarcts often have a gaze preference towards side of lesion, especially during acute period
Lacunes Small deep infarcts involving penetrating branches of the MCA or other vessels
Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)
Infarcts are uncommon, but typically produce contralateral lower extremity cortical sensory loss and weakness of the upper motor neuron type
Damage to supplementary area can lead to "alien hand syndrome" (semiautomatic movements of contralateral arm that aren't under voluntary control)
Can cause frontal lobe dysfunction typically characterized by:
impaired judgment
flat affect
grasp reflex
abulia
pseudobulbar palsy
Bilateral occlusion can cause emotional disturbance with apathy, confusion, and occasional mutism, plus spastic paraparesis
Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)
Typically cause contralateral homonymous hemianopia
If smaller penetrating vessels are involved may lead to infarcts in the thalamus or posterior limb of the internal capsule leading to:
Contralateral sensory loss
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
Contralateral hemiparesis
Thalamic aphasia (if in dominant hemisphere) – so can mimic MCA infarcts
If involve left occipital cortex and splenium of corpus callosum  alexia without agraphia
Occlusion leads to infarction in the central-lateral portion of the cerebral hemisphere
Symptoms are identical to those of the middle cerebral artery occlusion except for occasional ocular symptoms ipsilateral to the affected artery
Hemorrhages
Most often result from hypertension
Tend to affect basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, and cerebellum
Typically occur abruptly and, because of increased ICP produce headache, nausea and vomiting
Patients usually lose consciousness and have profound neurologic deficits
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Nontraumatic cause is usually from a ruptured berry aneurysm; may mimic a migraine or a muscle tension headache (often referred to as "the worst headache in my life")
Also can present with vomiting, diplopia, altered state of consciousness (signs of increased ICP)
Since bleeding is around brain rather than into a particular region, typically no sensory, motor or visual signs
Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Can be readily evacuated and is diagnosed by occipital headaches, gait ataxia, dysarthria and lethargy
Watershed Infarcts
Watershed Zones Regions who lie between adjacent cerebral arteries
Bilateral watershed infarcts in the ACA-MCA and in the MCA-PCA zones can occur with severe drops in blood pressure and in patients with carotid stenosis
Watershed infarcts produce proximal arm and leg weakness ("man in the barrel syndrome)
Can also cause transcortical aphasia syndromes in the dominant hemisphere
Transient Ischemic Attack and Other Transient Neurologic Episodes
The most common causes include:
Other non-neurologic conditions such as cardiac arrhythmia or hypoglycemia
Neurologic deficit lasting less than 24 hours, caused by temporary brain ischemia
Recent research suggests that typical TIA duration is 10 minutes and that those lasting more than 1 hour are usually small infarcts.
BUT, despite the appearance of a small infarct on MRI scan, complete functional recovery can sometimes occur within 1 day.
Mechanisms can include an embolism which dissolves, in situ thrombus formation or vasospasm leading to temporary narrowing of the vessel.
Are typically indicative of underlying atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and increased risk of sustaining stroke.
May mimic partial seizures, postictal confusion, migraine and metabolic aberrations.
Are slightly more common in the vertebral basilar system (w/c includes the posterior cerebral arteries) than in the carotid system (which includes the middle and anterior cerebral arteries).
Transient Loss of Consciousness Without other Focal Features
Cardiogenic syncope most common cause
Neurologic causes are responsible for less than 10% of cases
Differential Diagnosis of Transient Neurologic Episodes
Vascular (TIA, Migraine, AVM)
CSF flow-related (cyst of 3rd ventricle)
Toxic/metabolic (e.g., medication/toxin related; hypoglycemia)
Infectious/inflammatory (encephalitis, MS)
Movement disorders (chorea, dystonia, tic disorders)
Stroke: Mechanisms and Treatment
Stroke refers to both hemorrhagic events and to ischemic infarcts
Stroke is typically produced by one of 3 ways:
Sudden reduction in blood pressure and blood perfusion
Impaired blood supply as a result of occlusion or stenosis
Obstruction of a vessel by embolus
In addition to focal neurologic deficits, strokes can be associated with headaches or seizures
Most often unilateral (ipsilateral to infarct)
More common for posterior than anterior circulation infarcts (often in carotid or vertebral arteries)
Hemorrhagic Conversion When ischemic strokes cause blood vessels to become fragile and rupture
Age (incidence rises exponentially over 65 year)
Cardiac conditions
Possibly oral contraceptives
Lack of exercise, type A personality, heavy alcohol use and cholesterol high diets are risk factors for coronary artery disease, but not directly for CVAs
Etiologies of Stroke
Most common cause is thrombosis; second causes is emboli originating in a carotid artery and lodging in a cerebral artery
Intracerebral hematoma (nontraumatic) – bleeding with blood collection
Hypertension – spontaneous bleed secondary to hypertension
Arterial Vascular Malformation (AVM) – congenital malformation leading to poor perfusion, weak areas in the vessels that may bleed, or secondary aneurysm at vessel bifurcations or junctures
Berry aneurysm, congenital weakness, typically at a bifurcation of blood vessels that balloons over time and can burst resulting in hemorrhagic stroke
Ruptured aneurysm can result in severe headache, focal symptoms, possible coma – typically requires emergency surgical clipping of the aneurysm
Prematurity can lead to intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
Neoplasm – tumor growth can disrupt or burst blood vessels
Mechanisms of Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic stroke occurs when there is inadequate blood supply to a region of the brain for enough time to cause infarction (death) of brain tissue
Embolic Infarct
A piece of material (usually a blood clot) is formed in one place and then travels through the bloodstream to lodge in and occlude a blood vessel supplying the brain
Typically occur more suddenly, with maximal deficits at onset (and are also painful)
Treatment involves finding the source so future strokes may be avoided (e.g., heart related disorders or atherosclerotic disease); often involves prescribing anticoagulants (aspirin)
Other sources of emboli include (1) air emboli in deep sea divers; (2) septic emboli in bacteria endocartis; (3) fat emboli in trauma to long bones, etc…
Thrombotic Infarcts
A blood clot forms locally on the blood vessel wall, usually at the site of an underlying atherosclerotic plaque, causing the vessel to occlude
May have more of a stuttering or slow course; also relatively painless
Can also lead to the development of emboli
May be the result of carotid stenosis (70-99%)
Hypoperfusion with Resultant Ischemia and Hypoxia
Leads to borderzone infarcts
Certain brain regions are particularly vulnerable to ischemic-anoxic insults including the hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex
The brain regions with the most marginal vascular supply, the border zones are most often affected
In large vessel infarcts (involve the surface of the brain) – infarcts most often due to emboli, although thrombosis can occur occasionally, especially in large proximal vessels such as the vertebral, basilar, and carotid arteries
Small Vessel Infarcts
Involve vessels that feed the deep structures/subcortical structures and brainstem).
Also called lacunar infarcts because they resemble small lakes when brain is examined on pathologic sections.
Often associated with small-vessel disease caused by chronic hypertension, and generally affect the deep white matter and nuclei of the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem
Common lacunar syndromes for your notes (see page 382, Table 10.3)
Cortical Versus Subcortical Lesions
Can sometimes be differentiated based on the presence or absence of cortical signs, such as:
Aphasia
Homonymous visual field deficits
Cortical sensory loss
BUT, each of these can be seen in some cases of subcortical lesions as well
Stroke Risk Factors
Hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, family history and prior history of stroke or other vascular disease.
Migraines can also be a risk factor for stroke in young adults, as is sickle-cell disease, cardiac disease and vasculitis
Treatment and Diagnostic Workup of Ischemic Stroke and TIA
CT Scans Remember that an infarct will often not be visible on the initial scan, especially if it is done within a few hours – BUT a hemorrhage will almost always be visible
Once a hemorrhage has been ruled out by CT, many physicians treat with thrombolytic agents or heparin
See page 384 for a more extensive treatment plan
Carotid Stenosis
Atherosclerotic disease commonly leads to stenosis of the internal carotid artery just beyond the carotid bifurcation.
Thrombi formed can embolize distally giving rise to TIAs or infarcts – most often affecting the MCA, ACA, and ophthalmic artery
Thus, is often associated with MCA symptoms such as contralateral face/arm or face/arm/leg weakness, contralateral sensory changes, contralateral visual field defects, aphasia or neglect.
ACA territory symptoms include contralateral weakness
Carotid occlusions can be asymptomatic if there is adequate collateral flow via the anterior or posterior communicating arteries However emboli may become dislodged and cause TIAs or strokes
"Dissection" of the Carotid or Vertebral Arteries
Head or neck trauma, and sometimes even minor events (e.g., sneeze) can cause a small tear to form on the surface of the carotid or vertebrate arteries. This allows blood to burrow in the vessel wall, producing a dissection.
Can lead to development of a thrombosis/embolism
Some patients report hearing a pop at the onset
Venous Drainage of the Cerebral Hemispheres
(Venous sinuses lie enclosed within folds of the 2 layers of dura; see pp. 386 & 387 for diagrams of venous drainage system and for more specific details regarding the smaller vessels)
Drainage Occurs Two Ways
Through Dural Sinuses These are large channels between layers of the dura (between the dura and the arachnoid). They are also where the CSF is reabsorbed into the ventricular system before blood passes out of the brain.
Direct Venous Return Only the spinal cord and medulla supply drain directly to the system (the remainder of the brain supply is drained via veins that empty into the dural sinuses).
Like the arterial system, venous drainage has superficial and deep territories:
Superficial Veins Drain mainly into the Superior Sagittal Sinus and the Cavernous sinus
Deep Veins Drain into the Great Vein of Galen
Nearly all venous drainage systems merge into the Internal Jugular Veins
Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis
Often associated with same syndromes which affect arteries
Increased frequency in pregnant women and within the first few weeks postpartum
Obstruction of venous drainage usually causes elevated intracranial pressure which can cause:
parasagittal hemorrhages
also, increased venous pressure can decrease cerebral perfusion leading to infarcts
seizures are common
headaches and papilledema
depressed level of consciousness
Thrombosis can also occur less commonly in the deep cerebral veins or in other cortical veins, leading to infarcts or hemorrhage in their territories
Empty Delta Sign Defect observed on imaging; the sinus normally fills uniformly with contrast, so a dark region in the middle suggests a filling defect (possibly due to a blood clot).
Notes from the Clinical Cases
Sudden onset of severe headache, worse than any experienced should be considered a subarachnoid hemorrhage until prove otherwise.
In about 80% of the cases, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage is caused by rupture of an arterial aneurysm in the subarachnoid space.
The most common locations for aneurysms are the origin of the ACA, PCA or bifurcation points of the MCA.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage can lead to hydrocephalus due to impaired CSF flow in the subarachnoid space. However, in these cases, a lumbar puncture should not be performed as it can occasionally cause aneurysmal rupture by increasing the pressure across the wall of an aneurysm.
Pure motor hemiplegia, without sensory abnormalities or cortical signs (e.g., aphasia or neglect) can be localized to the contralateral corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts in the internal capsule or ventral pons. Dysarthria is commonly present, giving rise to the name dysarthria hemiparesis
Facial weakness associated with sparing of the forehead is indicative of an upper motor neuron injury
Large cortical lesions can be associated with an ipsilateral gaze preference; there is a loss of the ability to drive the eyes toward the side opposite the lesion
Balint's Syndrome Disruption of the "where" system rather than the "what" system. Patients have trouble focusing on an object, but recognize it once they can focus.
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Actually, the answer had been staring her in the face for years. Margiela's name is omnipresent in the media (the international press declared him the "true protagonist" of Paris Fashion Week A/W 2016-2017), and his ideas are a constant reference for many designers. During the late '90s, he was the most influential avant-garde designer in the fashion world for already a decade. After all, eventually the avant-garde goes mainstream.
And a note about casting: Margiela preferred to work with women whose ages ranged from 25-64: an untraditional gesture when the fashion world is youth obsessed. His Hermès collections focused on the comfort of the clothing and "an allure of certainty," and he chose models who could convey this sentiment in his shows.
The exhibit is organised into various themes: silhouette, vareuse (a very deep V-neck garment), casting, vocabulaire/vocabulary, icons such as suits and trench coats, layers, inside or outside, knitwear, heritage, sleeves, leather, retro, evening, losange (a diamond-shaped scarf in monochrome silk twill crêpe), and the end. Oftentimes, the direct comparisons mingle with each other: how he designed a garment for Hermès versus how he designed it for his own label. The twinsets, trench coats and evening wear provide stark examples. The resulting effect? Well, you'll have to see for yourself.
Kaat Debo also had to remind the crowd—most of us were engrossed in documenting everything with our smartphones—that little is known about Margiela's designs during the late 90s to early 2000s. This was before the digital age, and the fashion world tends to have a short memory when it comes to history. Debo smiled and said, "MoMU is here to restore that memory." And thankfully, Margiela's past is on display now until August 27, 2017 in Antwerp—coincidentally where he first studied fashion design.
A feel-good footnote: Margiela's mother knitted one of the sweaters on display—the knitters he worked with at that time could not get his vision right.


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