Melbourne's Bench Press release a blunt force blast of a single – the wiry, nervy post-punk nug "Respite" for Poison City and knock it up a notch with an excellently crisp infographic inferring video created by Defero Productions. The song is tough and sinewy, as their work has been in the past, but this time it's got a breathless immediacy to it as well. The song huffs steam and belches bass, but it's the solar-plexus-jolt of Jack Stavrakis' vocals that draw the attention the most. His voice is an instrument of constrained chaos locked onto a song that singes like science – a perfect mesh of hi/low tensions that brings to mind a host of Dischord alumni and their own homeland's heroes Eddy Current Suppression Ring. Check the design nerd eye candy above.


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Terry O'Day
Innogy e-Mobility
Councilmember
Santa Monica City Council
Terry is responsible for Innogy e-Mobility US LLC's US strategy and market development. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Innogy SE, Germany's second largest utility company, providing only renewable energy to the European market and a leading technology provider for the electric vehicle (EV) charging.
Prior to joining Innogy, Terry led product strategy and market development for EVgo, the nation's largest public fast charging company for electric vehicles (EVs), taking that company from its first public fast charging installation to more than 1,000 and overseeing an investment program of over $140 million, acquiring partnerships with major automakers, energy companies and state governments. His full responsibilities also included construction and development in the Western US, regulatory and legislative initiatives, marketing, communications, and technology demonstration programs.
Terry was previously Executive Director of Environment Now foundation, a strategic, entrepreneurial, activist leader in California. The organization founded dozens of activist environmental organizations protecting air, land and water quality in California and Mexico. In 2007, Terry cofounded Move LA and developed LA County's Measure R, which over 67% of voters approved in 2008 and is contributing over $40 billion to transit investment countywide.
Terry began his career with Edison International, where he contributed to founding four businesses in energy, security services, and electric vehicle charging. He went on to cofound EV Rental Cars, which was the first rental company in the United States to offer only environmental vehicles, such as hybrid, natural gas, and electric cars to the general public. It served fifteen airports in six states and more than 500,000 customers, with over 700 cars. Terry has served on various start-up boards and in advisory roles for companies in energy, technology, transportation and infrastructure.
He holds an MBA from The UCLA Anderson School of Management and completed the Coro Public Affairs Fellows Program in Los Angeles. He earned a BA with honors in Public Policy at Stanford University, with a thesis addressing public finance and demand management of electricity.
Terry currently serves as Councilmember for the City of Santa Monica and was first elected in November 2010. He has served two years as Mayor Pro Tempore. The city serves over 90,000 residents and a daytime population over 300,000, with 1,700 employees and a $650 million annual budget. Terry led a six-year process to update the City's General Plan, which became the leading example of environmental land use planning in the state, reducing projected per capita greenhouse gas emissions from land use by 31 percent in 25 years. He has been active with community organizations throughout California and Mexico; including Waterkeeper Alliance, Coro Southern California; The USC Center for Sustainable Cities, Environmental Entrepreneurs and as the Board Chair of the Coalition for Clean Air.
ALTCAR
3171 S Bundy Dr
info@altcarexpo.com
Platia Producation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Android - Stream audio from all running apps Is there a way to stream/redirect all current playing audio on android phone to server?
By all I mean audio from all currently running apps.

A: Your application has no right to interfere with the audio playback from another application.
With custom firmware, this may be possible, but not from an ordinary SDK application.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This is a seriously inspired post, okilly dokilly. Metal and Ned Flanders. Woohoo. Even the contradictory stuff . . .
Thanks, Fannie! The inspiration comes from the Okilly Dokilly Corral, and Simpson's creators.
Mercy, you learn something new every day. Who knew Nedal was a thing? Well diddly done! Good thing they all sport mustaches. I can't say as white wine spritzers pair well with metal, and I suppose that's the "out of context" point. Truth be told, as one who never listens to metal, this song reminded me of Hole's old album, "Live Through This," with the banshee screams of a doped-up Courtney Love. Perhaps they should consider a screamy duet with the Neds.
I have no doubts that this band will appeal to the hoards of Simpsons dorks (I say this in the same vein as "sci-fi dorks"), who will appreciate every little allusion. I give them 105 for extra credit creativity.
And I give a maximum rating on the Kerbey Comment Index (KCI)!


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Show formulas in Excel
Work Out Percentages in Excel
Insert the Squared Symbol on an iPhone
Use Percent Discount in Excel
Convert MS Excel to KML
How to create an address book in excel
Written by: Erica Sweeney
Spreadsheets are an ideal way of keeping track of contact information. Instead of entering addresses in a traditional address book, create an address book in Microsoft Excel to store this information. Having an address book in Excel lets you easily add and delete information and keep everything extremely organised.
Using an Excel address book is also the first step in setting up mail merge to make address labels, letters and envelopes. Creating an address book in Excel requires two basic procedures: setting up the appropriate columns and entering information.
Spreadsheets are an ideal way of keeping track of contact information.
Using an Excel address book is also the first step in setting up mail merge to make address labels, letters and envelopes.
Open Microsoft Excel. The new worksheet that appears is a series of blank cells.
Select the worksheet, including the cells that will contain column headers. In the Defined Names group, on the Formulas tab, select "Define Name" and enter the name for the list. For example, set up one address book for personal use, labelled "Personal," and one for business use, labelled "Business;" the title helps you distinguish them from one another. Use the tools on the formatting palette to bold the title and make the font larger.
Set up columns for the address book. Use the following column headings: Name, Address, City, State, postcode, Phone Number, Fax Number and Email Address. Enter these headings into columns A through H, respectively. Your information is much easier to read when everything is in a separate column.
Select the worksheet, including the cells that will contain column headers.
Set up columns for the address book.
Highlight the row of column headings by clicking on the row number found on the left. Center and bold the column headings using the formatting palette.
Highlight the row of column headings by clicking on the row number found on the left.
Enter information into each column. This might take time, but you only have to enter everything in Excel once; after that, you merely have to add new people and update information. If you are missing certain bits of information, simply leave the cell blank. Be sure to use the two-letter postal abbreviations for the states.
Format the text in the postcode column. Highlight the column (but not the column heading). Click on what you've highlighted and select "Format Cells." In the Number tab, click on "Special" in the "Category" box. Click on "Zip Code" or "Zip Code+4" in the "Type" box. Click "OK." This will make all of the postcodes look the same.
Format the text in the Phone Number column. Highlight the text in the column, except for the column heading. Click on it and select "Format Cells." In the Number tab, select "Special" from the "Category" box. Click on "Phone Number" in the "Type" box. Click "OK." All of the phone numbers will be formatted in the same way.
Make All of the Columns the Same Size in Microsoft Excel→
Make a Bullet Point Using the Alt Key→
Convert PDF to CSV→
Microsoft: Create and Print Mailing Labels for an Address List in Excel
Storing first and last names in separate columns enables mail merge of letters that use the recipient's first name.
Worksheet names must start with a letter, not a number or character. Use and underscore ("_"), not a space for multiple words in the name.
Erica Sweeney is a freelance writer and editor based in Little Rock, Ark. She has a master's in journalism from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Her work has been published at SaidIt.org, Arkansas Times, Aging Arkansas and Arkansas Business.


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Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams appeal against Blurred Lines copyright ruling
image copyrightAP
Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams are appealing against a court's decision that their single Blurred Lines copied Marvin Gaye's song Got To Give It Up.
In March 2015, a judge initially ordered the pair to pay the Marvin Gaye's family more than $7m (£5.3m) in damages for copyright infringement.
The family was also awarded a 50% interest in royalties from Blurred Lines, the biggest single of 2013.
The pair's lawyers are now seeking to appeal against the ruling.
They say the case should never have gone to trial and that the verdict should be overturned, or a new trial ordered.
Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams originally said they were going to launch an appeal immediately after the case finished.
What was the issue?
image copyrightInterscope
image captionThe song went to number one in the UK, while its X-rated video provoked controversy
The Gaye family sued Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams for copyright infringement in 2013 after Blurred Lines was released.
They argued that the song copied parts of Marvin Gaye's song Got To Give It Up, which constituted a copyright infringement.
Pharrell, who co-wrote the song, told the court at the time that Marvin Gaye's music was part of the soundtrack of his youth and that he was "channelling... that late '70s feeling" when he wrote the song.
But he insisted that he didn't copy the track.
The jury thought differently and found against him and Robin Thicke.
A judge later cut the amount Pharrell Williams had to pay to $5.3m (£4m).
Why are they appealing?
Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams' lawyers have tabled an appeal against the verdict on the grounds that "a cascade of legal errors" led to the decision.
They argue that the judge gave a number of improper instructions to the jury.
The Gaye family's lawyer Richard Busch disagrees.
He says: "We obviously believe the jury and district judge who confirmed the jury's findings were correct in finding infringement."
"Our own opening responsive brief will contain what we believe will be very strong replies to each and every point they raise."
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Biden raises election meddling in call with Putin
French firm to boost vaccine supply in EU shortage
French firm to boost vaccine supply in EU shortage3
Why I fought for - or against - Keystone XL10


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This page contains Deus Ex: Human Revolution cheats list for PC version. Now we have 22 cheats in our list, which includes 5 cheats codes, 3 unlockables, 10 easter eggs, 4 secrets.


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Faith and Ingenuity: Holy Water Dispensers
What do Water Dispensers and H1N1 Virus Have in Common?
They Both Caught the Attention of the Catholic Church
If you remember back to 2009, news of the H1N1 virus, or swine flu, caught the world's attention - and had it running for the Costco bulk Purell. Swine influenza is one of four known types the influenza virus, which, along with the Avian, Equine, and Canine (yes, fido), in turn causes infection in the body of animals.
This nefarious little virus was responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic that was first identified in April 2009, until declared officially over in August 2010.
Faithful Ingenuity
What does the death of 19,633 people and a confirmed case of 1,632,258 infected persons worldwide have anything to do with water dispensers? Actually, potentially quite a lot.
For all the victims of the HIN1 pandemic in developing countries, as well as modern societies, a great many souls were surely saved thanks to water dispensers. Although, it isn't the water dispensers you're thinking of.
For many Christians, especially of the Catholic faith, morning mass just wouldn't be complete without a quick dip of the hand into the baptismal font upon entering and leaving the Church. In addition to performing baptisms in, the font is an integral church fixture that consists of a pedestal base and top basin for holding water. And not just any water - Holy water.
This water is blessed by a priest and then placed at the door front. This allows the faithful to splish-splash their fingertips, reminding them that baptism is the entrance to the Christian faith, and make the sign of the cross. Although this description may sound blithe, it is a deeply spiritual act.
Amid the rising numbers of sick, one Italian inventor (Or was it an Irish American firefighter?) combined faith with ingenuity to invent a germ-free, anti-H1N1 holy water dispenser - the first of its kind in the near-2,000 years of history for the Catholic Church. Much like automatic hand sanitizer dispensers, holy water dispensers are motion operated to provide each gliding hand a perfectly portioned squirt of blessed H2O.
Your Faith or Your Money
Which would you prefer to endure, your soul lost or the cost of hospitalized medical care? With rising health care costs and unemployment, many Christians may take a chance with the devil over tangling with muscular repo men.
The outbreak of Swine flu forced many churches to place a hiatus on open community fonts, due to the health risks, interrupting daily traditions. However, the electronic water dispenser saved a great deal of worshipers the trouble of choosing between the two.
According toReuters, "It has been a bit of a novelty. People initially were a bit shocked by this technological innovation but then they welcomed it with great enthusiasm and joy," said Father Pierangelo Motta. Thus, the tradition of the font was saved from the H1N1 pandemic, as well as future influenza outbreaks, thanks to the often apprehensive relationship between faith and technology.
Which Came First: The Italian or the Irish American?
All of which leads us back to that aside above. Who invented the holy water dispenser first? According to Reuters, Time, and NPR an Italian inventor from a northern town called Fornaci di Briosco invented electronic holy water dispensers, yet one conflicting report was discovered. Irish Central, a dot com website, reports that it was in fact firefighter John Hartel, from Queens, who came up with the devotional dispenser years ago!
Hartel's firefighting brother admitted that he didn't dip his fingers into the holy water font, for fear of the inappropriately washed appendages of other church members, thus providing John the fodder for his genius.
Having created the concept of an automatic holy water dispenser, Hartel decided to shelve the idea as he was unsure of a holy water dispensers market...until recently. So who invented these water dispensers first? It would seem John Hartel, except that the pro-Italian articles are dated from 2009 whileIrish Central's is 2010. Not to mention that the Irish Voice could be slightly biased towards a fellow Irishman. Oh well, we may never really know.
Water Dispensers for Everyone!
One thing is for sure, water dispensers, in addition to being a fantastic, cheap, and healthy alternative to sugary beverages, helped save lives and tradition. If you're looking for a holy water dispenser just Google 'JMH Castlerea' or click to see electronic water dispensers for your home or office!


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Breathless – Futility Closet
I wonder if this was the equivalent of IM speak translators for parents.
Drawing it across the lips: Desiring an acquaintance
Drawing it across the cheek: I love you
Drawing it across the forehead: Look, we are watched
Trump's blocking of Twitter users violates U.S. Constitution: rights institute | Reuters
A free-speech institute on Tuesday sent a letter to President Donald Trump demanding the prolific tweeter unblock certain Twitter (TWTR.N) users on grounds the practice violates the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.
Major league litter — Can a strategic bat toss turn trash into treasure?
Anytime the batter makes contact with the ball, he drops his bat, and for as long as that ball is in play the bat stays there, literal deadwood, a three-pound piece of trash cluttering up the area around the plate. Like most litter, the bat is usually passive pollution. It gets flung off into the periphery by the batter, and it sits there until a bat boy comes to sweep it up. Sometimes it's left to be a nuisance, knocking around the catcher's feet until he or the umpire kicks it out of the road. Very occasionally it gets turned into art, as in the case of a beautiful bat flip.
Safe Visual Data Exploration
Exploring data via visualization has become a popular way to understand complex data. Features or patterns in visualization can be perceived as relevant insights by users, even though they may actually arise from random noise. Moreover, interactive data exploration and visualization recommendation tools can examine a large number of observations, and therefore result in further increasing chance of spurious insights. Thus without proper statistical control, the risk of false discovery renders visual data exploration unsafe and makes users susceptible to questionable inference.To address these problems, we present QUDE, a visual data exploration system that interacts with users to formulate hypotheses based on visualizations and provides interactive control of false discoveries.
This Robot Fish Could Make Fish Farms More Productive
the Centre for Automation and Robotics have developed a robotic fish that mimics the motions of a real fish while monitoring pH levels. The robot fish is equipped with sensors that detect changes of pH in the water. When it finds areas that are overly acidic or poisonous, the fish will change its swimming pattern to signal a disruption.
Zoo says that it was a disgruntled shareholder that threw live donkey to the tigers: Shanghaiist
When they were prevented from leaving by the zoo's staff, the shareholder decided instead to just throw the unfortunate animals to the tigers.
Russian malware communicates by leaving comments in Britney Spears's Instagram account / Boing Boing
A new analysis by Eset shows that Turla is solving its C&C problems by using Britney Spears' Instagram account as a cut-out for its C&C servers. Turla moves the C&C server around, then hides the current address of the server in encrypted comments left on Britney Spears's image posts. The compromised systems check in with Spears's Instagram whenever they need to know where the C&C server is currently residing.
The Dr. Tressie McMillan Cottom on Twitter: "Shorter: Voiced pauses are an important part of communication and group identity! If you hate the ones in your group, you're probably not really in that group." / TwitterShorter: Voiced pauses are an important part of communication and group identity! If you hate the ones in your group, you're probably not really in that group. Uber apologizes for tweeting racial slur / Boing BoingI wonder how these sorts of human/bot intentional problem causing will escalate as this becomes more and more popular. Handouts, Slides, and Recordings from #NCTMSD2019 – dy/danI wrote a script that copied every speaker's Twitter handle and the time of their session from the program book. Then the script searched Twitter for their handle and "#NCTMSD2019" and – here's the thing! – captured the results only from the time period of their session. Not during their flight to NCTM. Not during the fantastic happy hour after their session either. //might be worth making an addon for the Tags plugin Probable Russian Navy covert camera whale discovered by Norwegians | Ars TechnicaThe harness was reportedly marked with the label "Equipment St. Petersburg" and had an attachment point for a GoPro camera. Audun Rikardsen, a professor at the Norwegian Arctic University in Tromsø (UiT), told Norway's VG that neither Norwegian nor Russian […]
The first "social network" of brains lets three people transmit thoughts to each other's heads – MIT Technology ReviewTogether, these devices make it possible to send and receive signals directly to and from the brain. But nobody has created a network that allows group communication. Until now. World War II bombings weakened upper atmosphere at edge of space | Ars Technica"Residents would routinely recall being thrown through the air by the pressure waves of air mines exploding." List: Myths About Your Thirties — Debunked – McSweeney's Internet TendencyThe media sources that are reliable sources of news and information and the ones that are evil and designed to manipulate dumbasses will blend together and you will not be able to tell the difference without consulting Snopes, which you're also not sure if you can trust. Why I'm done with Chrome – A Few Thoughts on Cryptographic EngineeringFor ten years I've been asked a single question by the Chrome browser: "Do you want to log in with your Google account?" And for ten years I've said no thanks. Chrome still asks me that question — it's just that now it doesn't honor my decision.
Zoom doesn't need to be awful: Lessons from video chat historyMore importantly, this is a moment when we desperately need online environments that encourage dialogue between people from different backgrounds and perspectives—that are inclusive of more diverse forms of participation than "Hollywood Squares" allows. The current Zoom environment only sets us back from this goal by reinforcing an interaction model that has been rightly criticized for reflecting and perpetuating the worst instincts of professional meeting culture, such as power-hoarding and individualism. The H5P PB Kitchen – Cooking with H5P & Pressbooksh/t @cogdog Snake Handling | The First Amendment EncyclopediaState courts have consistently upheld the state laws as reasonable health and safety regulations, such as the Court of Appeals of Kentucky in Lawson v. Commonwealth (1942) and the Alabama Court of Appeals in Hill v. State (1956). The adventure app Randonautica has led users to dead bodies, haunted houses, and other bizarre destinations / Boing Boing Fatum Project theory. "All things in the world are causally connected and everything that happens, including our thoughts, is usually determined by the sum of all environmental factors." Randonautica is an app that borrows from the Fatum Project's research to break away from the probability-tunnels our everyday choices create. Using a quantum number generator to send users to a set of mysterious coordinates, Randonautica has […]
Updated: August 2, 2020


Strategy description: This consists of dividend-paying stocks, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). It is an income-oriented folio that combines into a single portfolio the holdings of three other First Affirmative investment strategies: Equity Income, Fixed Income, and High Current Income. The Folio features strategic asset allocation, ongoing analysis of both the financial and extra-financial characteristics of investments held, and periodic rebalancing. Position weights range from 1% to 2%, and are yield-weighted.


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Moon Landing Hoax
Top 8 Examples Proving the Moon Landing Was a Hoax
1 The American Flag Flutters Gently in the Non Existent Breeze
2 Is There More Than One Sun? Because Those Shadows Don't Match Up!
3 You're in Space… Then Where Are the Stars?
4 Oh Look! It's the Same Rocks & Mountains…Again…And Again
5 Carved by Nature… Why Does That Rock Have a "C" Drawn on It?
6 Fly Through a Belt of Radiation and You Should've Get Cooked
7 What's That I Can See Reflected in Your Helmet?
8 Not Much of an Impact
WilkinsonBec
"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind." So said Neil Armstrong on that momentous occasion on July 21, 1969 when he stepped onto the surface of the moon for the very first time…supposedly. Does anyone else find it strange that decades before the internet, nanotechnology and cloning, NASA were able to build a rocket that could not only land on the moon, but live broadcast the event to 600 million people? Was the moon landing fake?
The 60's was a decade where technology was only just figuring out how to develop the computer mouse, so it's not surprising that many people question the authenticity of the moon landing. Here are the top 8 lines of evidence exposing the moon landing hoax.
The American Flag Flutters Gently in the Non Existent Breeze
It's an iconic image for the citizens of the United States of America: their flag, planted on the moon and waving gently in the breeze. Only, there is no breeze on the moon, meaning there is no air in the moon's atmosphere, and hence, there is no wind whatsoever. This is one of the most obvious stuff ups in the staged moon landing hoax. Of course, NASA tries to get around this by saying it wasn't blowing in the wind, it was just a bit crumpled from being rolled up on the journey…Well, judge for yourself.
Is There More Than One Sun? Because Those Shadows Don't Match Up!
NASA produced an abundant supply of photos and video footage to support their moon landing. But, it soon became evident that there was something a bit fishy about these photos on the moon; ever noticed that the angle of the shadows do not match up? Shadows are caused by light sources. On the moon, there should only be one light source: the Sun. So, logically, all shadows should be parallel to each other. Only shadows in the photos of moon landing are not. In fact, the shadows in many of the photos run in different directions. It's almost as if the shadows are caused by… yes, multiple lights on a film set!
You're in Space… Then Where Are the Stars?
On a cloudless evening, you can see an abundance of twinkling stars in the night sky. Surely from the moon, with its lack of clouds and complete absence of artificial light, you should be able to see even more stars with the naked eye? Only, you can't. In fact, in all of the photos taken during moon landing, you cannot see a single star. Not one. Sure, the photos taken in the 60's weren't amazing quality, but these days you can capture the stars in a photo taken from your phone, so shouldn't the high tech NASA cameras have been able to pick up something?
Oh Look! It's the Same Rocks & Mountains…Again…And Again
NASA has marked out the exact locations of the moon landing missions, showing how they have explored sites that are miles apart. With that in mind, why do the photos from the Apollo 15 mission show identical backdrops? NASA swears that these photos were taken in different locations, yet the photographic evidence clearly shows the same patterns of gently sloping hills and valleys. It's almost like NASA were just getting sloppy by the time they hit the Apollo 15 mission. "Why bother creating new sets, we'll just use the same ones repeatedly…Surely no one will notice."
Carved by Nature… Why Does That Rock Have a "C" Drawn on It?
In yet another example of the technicians on set just being sloppy, one of the moon landing photos shows a "moon rock" which has a perfect letter 'C' printed on it. The perfect symmetry of the letter shows that it is not naturally occurring. Now, it's perfectly credible that a prop used on a film set would be marked with a reference letter. But there is no plausible argument for the "C" just being naturally weathered into the surface of the rock. As a result, NASA came up with a different, though no less implausible, explanation for the rock with the "C". According to them, it's a stray hair. It can't be more ridiculous than this!
Fly Through a Belt of Radiation and You Should've Get Cooked
Everyone knows how dangerous radiation can be: overexposure to it can cause radiation poisoning and even death, so It is should be avoided at all costs. To get to the moon, you have to fly through a band a radiation known as the Van Allen radiation belt. Yes, the space craft had an aluminum coating, but is that really enough to protect a human being whilst they spend over one and a half hours traversing a band of radiation? NASA, of course, said "yes" and that the astronauts weren't in the radiation for all that long. But an hour and a half still sounds like a pretty long time to be inside a cosmic microwave.
What's That I Can See Reflected in Your Helmet?
When the photos were published of the Apollo 12 moon landing, many people noticed something a tad unusual reflected in the shiny helmet of an astronaut. It appeared to be something hanging from a wire or perhaps a rope. In fact, it looked suspiciously like an overhead spotlight, the kind you see used in Hollywood movie studios. Whilst admittedly, the photo quality is a bit grainy, making it impossible to positively identify the object. It still begs the question: what could possibly be suspended in midair on the moon? There should be nothing there for anything to be hanging from!
Not Much of an Impact
Have you ever seen the photos of the astronauts footprints embedded in moon dust? The astronauts described this dust as being similar to "talcum powder or wet sand". That being the case, why is there no sign of impact where the lunar module landed? You'd think that a rocket-ship landing on a big pile of talcum powder would leave some kind of impression in the surface, but according to the moon landing photos, no such evidence exists. In fact, it looks more like the lunar module was just placed in position. This is just yet another blindingly obvious defect in the details of the moon landing hoax.
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On Enki-Village over 5 years
Currently fulfilling a life long dream of working as a freelance writer. I love travel, good food, new experiences an...
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About EnkiVillage
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The Unofficial Guide to Open Broadcaster Software: Livestreaming With OBS (TPE-OBSBKPAU)
Get up to speed with the latest in free software live streaming using The Unofficial Guide to Open Broadcaster Software. Open Broadcaster or OBS for short is the world's most widely used video production software. If you've ever wanted to create a video podcast or produce an unboxing video this a must have guide. This book has been developed for "non-techie" users and guides readers through all of the most important video production features.
Covers the most popular live-streaming app in the world and various services to stream to
Up-to-date: The book covers recent releases of OBS
Easy-to-use: Well written and easy to follow
Covers live streaming and the recording of professional videos: Record presentations, screen sessions, eSports, and much more
Please Note: The OSB training course previously included is no longer
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Do you practice good PC hygiene? Need to transfer data? Get a USB drive! Need speed? Upgrade to a SSD! Drives formatted with fat32 have optimal compatibility between operating systems. Ext4 is better for backups and data transfer in GNU/Linux.


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Garrison Players holding auditions for two fall shows in Rollinsford
ROLLINSFORD — Garrison Players, the Dover area's all-volunteer community theatre group, will hold auditions for the first two shows of the new season, Larry Shue's hilarious farce, "The Foreigner", and an original play by Lowell Williams entitled "History of the Roses".
Auditions will be held on Monday, Aug. 3 from 7-9:30 p.m. at the Garrison Players Arts Center, Route 4 in Rollinsford. Show dates for "The Foreigner" will be Sept. 25-27 and Oct. 2-4. "History of the Roses" will be Oct. 31-Nov. 1 and Nov. 6-8.
Needed for "The Foreigner" are two women and five men, aged 20 to 50'ish, and several additional "townspeople." For "History of the Roses "they are looking for three women and four men.
History of the Roses, which takes place simultaneously in the 1990s and the 1920s, is set in Portsmouth and was inspired by Portsmouth's Langdon House.
People interested in working backstage or in other phases of production are also encouraged to attend this audition. All shows will be held at the Garrison Players Arts Center with evening shows at 8 p.m. and Sunday matinees at 3 p.m. Tickets at $10 for students and $15 for adults, with Season Tickets at $75 each, are available online at www.garrisonplayers.org or by calling (800) 838-3006.
For more information about Garrison Players, call (603) 516-4919 or e-mail infogarrisonplayers.org.
© Copyright 2006-2019 GateHouse Media, LLC. All rights reserved • GateHouse Gjcommunity 01


So one time in grade 12, I got invited to a Halloween party from this guy I was seeing in university.
I was obviously SUPER nervous, and wanted to look really, really cool. But I also didn't want that thing that happened to Lindsay in Mean Girls, happen to me.
AND because I didn't know the ways of the university world, I didn't actually think people still dressed up. Boy was I wrong. Everyone. Was dressed up. Except for me.
Best part? Paint swatches are free.
Do people still play The Sims anymore?? Because this is genius. And cheap. Like really cheap.
No but honestly who looks this good in person.
This can kind of be seen as a cop out. The whole being on strike thing… not the costume.
Get it?? Took us a sec.
This is honestly so pretty we can't take our eyes off of it.
Your face may hurt from holding it like this all day/night. But it's so worth it.
You'll have to re-live the awkwardness all night but at least you'll always be picture ready.
I hope you get even a LITTLE inspo with these easy/cheap Halloween costumes! If not, if you take anything from this, it's that people in university still dress up for Halloween.
Next ArticleShopping made simple- LAYERS ON LAYERS!


Selena Gomez is happy and healthy after completing a treatment program for depression and anxiety.
A source tells ET that the 25-year-old singer voluntarily checked herself into a two-week wellness program in upstate New York because "she knows her health and wellness require ongoing maintenance."
"This most recent stint was preventative," the source explains. "She hasn't relapsed and she's not in a bad place, quite the opposite. She did this to ensure she continues on a good path. It's super responsible. More people should be proactive about their health and wellness instead of waiting for something bad to happen."
This is definitely a step in the right direction for Gomez. The source adds that, in the past, it was difficult for Gomez to put her career obligations on hold in order to look after herself. Always in the spotlight, she constantly puts a lot of pressure on herself, which causes stress to both the mind and body.
"Selena isn't going to run herself into the ground again," the source says of the former Disney star. "These little check-ins are essential to her health. It's not even recovery, it's just a way of life. It's the same thing with her church -- that to her is like a weekly check-in."
"She's not afraid or ashamed to take a step back and ask for help, like she was in the past," the source continues, referring to her 2016 stint at Brookhaven in Tennessee. "Her live-in treatment program in the past was really beneficial for her. It helped her relearn some behaviors and gave her healthy coping mechanisms."
"There's always a lot on Selena's plate -- with her family, career, relationships, health -- and all those things have been piling up since the holidays," the source adds. "So now seemed like the perfect time to regroup."
Gomez recently reunited with her on-again, off-again boyfriend, Justin Bieber. Although the two have been hanging out a lot lately, the source tells ET he did not travel to New York with Gomez, nor does this have anything to do with him. The "Sorry" singer remained in Los Angeles while the brunette beauty completed her treatment.
Watch the video below to hear more on their reignited romance!
Selena Gomez Looks Gorgeous for Day Out With a Pal Following Reported Treatment: Pics!


text:
 - Update uap-core

## 3.4.1
 - Fix a regex delimiter issue with uap-core
 - Bundle regex.php with uap-php

## 3.4.0
 - ADD: device Parsing with brand model and case insensitive testing
 - Use `peer_name` instead of `CN_match` for PHP >=5.6
 - Advertise Gitter chat for support requests
 - Include uap-core as a git submodule

## 3.3.1
 - PSR-4 ready
 - Self repository, less useless files

## 3.3.0
 - Use composer for dependency management
 - Introduce namespaces
 - Removing legacy library dependencies
 - Use PHPUnit for testing
 - Make all tests pass, fix all the remaining bugs
 - Introduce specific result objects
 - Comply with PSR-X coding standards:
   * `UAParser` class is now `UAParser\Parser`
   * Typed result objects: `Parser::parse()` returns `UAParser\Result\Client`, `Client::$os` is a  `UAParser\Result\OperatingSystem` and `Client::$device` is a `UAParser\Result\Device`
   * `toString()` and `toVersion()` are now methods
   * Properties now use camelCase, not underscore_case.
 - Use Travis for CI
 - Update README
 - Port command line tool to Symfony CLI
 - Secure updating: SSL certificate verification, hashing, try to do atomic updates
 - Restore fetching YAML file only (without generating JSON)

## 2.1.1
 - FIX: making sure patch minor is being populated correctly when showing a mismatch

## 2.1.0
 - ADD: support for custom regexes.json files (via @pravindahal)
 - FIX: formerly private vars/functions are now protected (via @pravindahal)
 - FIX: command line tool gets 'pretty' option for PHP 5.4 users (via @skyzyx)
 - FIX: refactored the regexes.yaml test suite
 - FIX: now check to see if allow_url_fopen is set to 'On' before trying to download the YAML file from the command line
 - THX: thanks to @pravindahal and @skyzyx for the pull requests

## 2.0.1
 - FIX: renamed uaParser, osParser, & deviceParser to uaParse, osParse, & deviceParse to address a bug with uaParser being recognized as the contruct function for the overall lib
 - FIX: updated the test lib so that device failures are properly formatted

## 2.0.0
 - Summary:
   * the `UAParser` class is now dynamic
   * properties are nested _(e.g. $result->family is now $result->ua->family)_
   * a user agent string is now required when using `parse()`. the auto-magical "use the server provided UA" is no longer supported.
   * `uaParse()`, `osParse()`, and `deviceParse()` are public and can be used to just return those select bits for a given user agent string.
   * the `is*` boolean properties _(e.g. isMobile)_ have been dropped. they now exist as part of the `ua-classifier` project.
 - ADD: toString() converts the version bits and family into a simple string
 - ADD: toVersionString() converts the version bits into a simple string
 - ADD: toFullString() combines the UA and OS family and version bits
 - ADD: "convert" flag for uaparser-cli.php
 - ADD: "pull & save just regexes.yaml" flag for uaparser-cli.php
 - FIX: library is now a dynamic class
 - FIX: attributes are now nested & populated like the other ua-parser libraries (e.g. $result->family is now $result->ua->family)
 - FIX: uaParser(), osParser(), and deviceParser() are now public functions
 - FIX: saves regexes.yaml as JSON for better performance
 - FIX: removed the __DIR__ "fix"
 - FIX: Apache log parsing now returns results when UA or OS families are set to "Other" and the device is listed as a smartphone or generic feature phone
 - FIX: all tabs are now spaces
 - FIX: a UA is now run against all three parsers
 - FIX: renamed $debug var to $log to better reflect what it does
 - DEL: is* boolean attributes (e.g. isMobile) have been removed
 - DEL: will no longer auto-parse $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] if available
 - DEL: tests no longer run against pgts_browser_list.yaml
 - THX: thanks to @rjd22 for the dynamic class code/fix

## 1.5.0
 - ADD: command line interface is now in its own file (via @Synchro)
 - ADD: command line utility now supports parsing an Apache log file & recording the results
 - ADD: command line utility can now parse a supplied user-agent string and push out a simple list or JSON
 - ADD: test suite that uses the ua-parser project's test resources
 - FIX: numerous comment & spacing fixes (via @Synchro & @Krinkle)
 - FIX: remove PHP4 version of spyc (via @Synchro)
 - FIX: remove .svn dirs in spyc (via @lopezdonaque)
 - FIX: notes that the PHP 5.2 fix really was for 5.1 (via @Synchro) (knew this, i was lazy)
 - FIX: lib now returns an object no matter what. now matches other ua-parser libs (via @Krinkle)
 - FIX: checks that $_SERVER attr is set before including it. should be better for command line use.
 - FIX: family attr now properly set in an edge case
 - FIX: if regexes.yaml picks up bad slashes the PHP lib will account for it (e.g. GoogleTV regex)
 - THX: thanks to @Krinkle and @Synchro for the numerous fixes

## 1.4.5
 - FIX: an embarrassing debug print survived the last edit
 - THX: thanks to @memakeit for dropping the bug report

## 1.4.4
 - FIX: made sure that the regex file is only loaded once if running the library multiple times. performance boost.
 - FIX: added support for identifying various game devices as mobile devices
 - THX: thanks to @rjd22 for pointing out the perf issue

## 1.4.3
 - FIX: added support for patch & family attributes to sort of match the other libraries

## 1.4.2
 - FIX: notice if regexes.yaml is missing parens (e.g. match $1) for device & os names

## 1.4.1
 - FIX: notice when using UAParser from the command line

## 1.4.0
 - ADD: silent mode for the UA::get() method
 - ADD: nobackup mode for the UA::get() method
 - ADD: example of how to do a redirect with ua-parser-php
 - The following were changes to regexes.yaml:
   * ADD: support for Google Earth browser
   * ADD: another regex for Firefox Mobile
   * ADD: support for Firefox Alpha builds
   * ADD: support for Sogou Explorer
   * ADD: support for the Raven for Mac browser
   * ADD: support for WebKit Nightly builds (though slightly pointless)
   * FIX: better pattern matching for the Pale Moon browser

## 1.3.2
 - FIX: addressed false "tablet" classification for opera mobile & mini on android
 - The following were changes to regexes.yaml:
   * ADD: support for Tizen Browser (aka SLP Browser) from Samsung
   * FIX: support for a new look Polaris 8.0 user agent string
   * FIX: modified where the Epiphany Browser check happens

## 1.3.1
 - FIX: now doing some sanity cleaning on the user agent strings
 - FIX: added a smarter default if the user agent isn't recognized at all

## 1.3.0
 - FIX: now points to Tobie's ua-parser project for the latest greatest YAML file
 - FIX: YAML file is now standardized as regexes.yaml instead of user_agents_regex.yaml
 - FIX: minor NOTICE issues resolved for very select UAs

## 1.2.2
 - The following were changes to user_agents_regex.yaml:
   * ADD: support for UC Browser

## 1.2.1
 - The following were changes to user_agents_regex.yaml:
   * ADD: support for android 4 user agents that have a dash in them

## 1.2.0
 - FIX: should be compatible with PHP 5.2
 - FIX: addressed STRICT mode errors
 - FIX: addressed NOTICE for a missing variable
 - FIX: if isTablet is set to true then isMobile is set to false (mobile to me means phone)
 - THX: Thanks to Mike Bond of WVU Libraries for pointing out the 5.2 incompatibility

## 1.1.0
 - FIX: a number of fixes from bryan shelton
 - The following were changes to user_agents_regex.yaml:
   * ADD: support for Chrome Mobile

## 1.0.0
 - just because i don't expect to update this anytime soon and ppl report it's working

## 0.3.1
 - FIX: swapped nil for null in parse()
 - FIX: smarter/saner defaults
 - FIX: now using isset() for family_replacement
 - THX: thanks to bryan shelton for these fixes

## 0.3.0
 - ADD: can now supply a specific UA to be checked
 - ADD: if the UA contains 'tablet' isTablet is marked true
 - ADD: for certain mobile OSs they report a desktop browser. marking them mobile now.
 - FIX: tablet listing should now be better
 - FIX: the list of mobile browsers was updated
 - FIX: made sure that certain checks won't fail as "false" if a version number was a 0
 - FIX: for the device check, if it returns spider as a result it no longer marks it as mobile
 - FIX: added more mobile browsers to that specific check
 - The following were changes to user_agents_regex.yaml:
   * ADD: symphony, minimo, teleca, semc, up.browser, bunjaloo, jasmine, & brew browsers supported
   * ADD: windows mobile 6.5 os support
   * ADD: amoi, asus, bird, dell, docomo, huawei, i-mate, kyocera, lenovo, lg, microsoft kind,
       motorola, philips, samsung, softbank, & sony ericsson device checks
   * FIX: mobile firefox, opera mobile & mini, obigo, polaris, nokiabrowser, ie mobile,
       android, & mobile safari browser checks
   * FIX: iOS support
   * FIX: htc, android, palm/hp, kindle, ios, generic feature phones & spider device checks

## 0.2.0
 - ADD: added isMobile support
 - ADD: added isTablet support
 - ADD: added isComputer support
 - ADD: added isSpider support

## 0.1.0
 - The following were changes to user_agents_regex.yaml:
   * expanded support for Symbia & Nokia Devices,
   * cleaned up some slashies,
   * added Mobile Safari as the family replacement for iOS devices,
   * better support for longer HTC device names
   * added feature phones to the device check
   * added generic smartphones to the device check
   * added AvantGo to the ua check
   * tweaked a lot of the nokia checks
   * added kindle support to the device section
   * added a generic catch for android devices.
   * added support for blackberry devices
   * changed the blackberry family to 'blackberry webkit' when it's a webkit browser

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Over at Scratchings and Sniffings = Guess who did a guest post to help promote Carnival of the Cats for 2015?
Feline and Human and Announcing the Santa Kitty Toy Hop!
Over at Animal Shelter Volunteer Life = Sir Nigel Purrsworth!
Over at Strangeranger What do you do when you have to Apologize To A Lion!
Over at Alasandra, The Cats and Dogs! Check out Their Cool Peace Globe!!
Thanks so much for sharing my two favorite posts this week!
Thanks Summer!! Sorry it took so long to finish!


text:
Interesting documents from around the internet.
http://www.accusoft.com - http://www.prizmshare.com
SN A PS H O T SN A PS H O T Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2014 Australia's health 2014. Australia's health series no. 14. Cat. no. AUS 178. Canberra: AIHW. 3.2 Leading causes of death in Australia Examining leading causes of death can help us to understand health in different populations and population groups. Exploring changes over time can help us to evaluate the effects of health policies, interventions, and new treatments. Changes in the pattern of causes of death may also reflect changes in behaviours, exposures, and social and environmental circumstances. About deaths data Causes of death are documented on death certificates completed by medical practitioners or coroners, and coded using the World Health Organization (WHO) International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The ICD allows for the categorisation of causes of death into disease groups in a way that is meaningful for public health purposes. The AIHW uses the disease groups recommended by WHO (Becker et al. 2006) with minor modifications to suit the Australian context. 'Leading causes of death' analyses are based solely on what is called the underlying cause of death, which, broadly, is the disease or injury that initiated the train of events leading to death. Most deaths, however, are the result of more than one contributing disease or condition (see Chapter 3 'Multiple causes of death in Australia'). What are the leading underlying causes of death in Australia? • There were 146,932 deaths in Australia in 2011. • The leading underlying cause of death was coronary heart disease, accounting for 11,733 male deaths and 9,780 female deaths (Figure 3.2). • For males the next most common causes of death were lung cancer (4,959 deaths) and cerebrovascular diseases (which include stroke) (4,427 deaths). • For females the next most common causes of death were cerebrovascular diseases (6,824 deaths), and dementia and


text:
Blackway is a 2015 American thriller film directed by Daniel Alfredson and written by Joseph Gangemi and Gregory Jacobs, based on the 2008 novel Go with Me by Castle Freeman Jr. The film stars Anthony Hopkins, Julia Stiles, Ray Liotta, Alexander Ludwig and Hal Holbrook in his final film appearance before his death in January 2021. Filming began on November 12, 2014, in Enderby, British Columbia. The film premiered under the festival title Go with Me at the 2015 Venice Film Festival and released theatrically on 10 June 2016.

Plot
Set in an Oregon logging community, Lillian (Stiles), is a woman newly returned to her hometown after the death of her mother. She is being harassed by a local man named Blackway (Liotta), who is a big criminal in their small town. He operates with impunity in this small community on the edge of the wilderness.

After Blackway kills her cat, she goes to the town sheriff for help, but is basically told that her best option is to leave town. Lillian refuses to be run out of town by Blackway, but Sheriff Wingate is reluctant to act against Blackway out of fear; feeling sympathetic to Lillian, he tells her to go to the town lumberyard mill and ask for a man named Scotty. The following events that unfold afterwards all happen within one single day.

In the early morning, Lillian goes to the lumberyard mill, where a group of elderly men are gathered in the shop's office, run by Whizzer. Lillian tells Whizzer that she is looking for Scotty on the recommendation of Sheriff Wingate to help her with Blackway. Scotty isn't there, and the men also tell her the same thing that the sheriff said, which is to leave town rather than go up against Blackway.

One of the older men at the shop, Lester (Hopkins), feels bad for Lillian and decides to help her. He takes along a young man named Nate (Ludwig), who is also an employee at the mill and in the shop with the elderly men. Nate is a simple guy, but is strong and has a good heart. The three drive around town in Nate's pickup truck looking for Blackway at various locations and asking for him from the locals that he associates with. Through their quest in tracking down Blackway, various bits of details are revealed about the town's locals through flashbacks, conversations, and narratives; such as Sheriff Wingate recommending Scotty to help Lillian because he figured Scotty might have a score to settle with Blackway. In a flashback Scotty is shown to have gotten beaten up really badly by Blackway, but Scotty presently states that he has nothing to settle with Blackway anymore.

It's also hinted that Lester's daughter, who died of suicide, might have been abusing heavy drugs; for which Blackway is the local drug kingpin, manufacturing and distributing meth, hillbilly heroin, etc. Through various associates of Blackway, they find his shady accountant, Murdoch, at a bar. Murdoch gets into a fight with Nate, and seems to be winning when he has Nate pinned back on to a table, until Lester bends Murdoch's fingers backwards, causing excruciating pain. Nate then gets the upper hand on the fight and the three are able to leave the bar.

They head out to a local diner, where Lester asks the cook, Chris, who is newly released from prison on drug charges, where they could find Blackway. Chris tells Lester to try Blackway's motel, where he runs his drug business as well as other criminal activities. They find Blackway at his motel in the afternoon, but do not act upon it, as Lester can see that it's not a good opportunity yet.

Inside one of the motel rooms, Lillian finds an old school acquaintance handcuffed to a bed, she releases her while Lester and Nate distracts two of Blackway's men. Lester grabs a handgun from one of the men, while Nate grabs a shotgun that was in sight. Nate causes an explosion inside the motel room, presumably because meth was being cooked in the room; Lillian puts her old acquaintance on a bus to get out of town after rescuing her.

It is now evening time, and the three drive up into the deep woods, while Whizzer is narrating to the men in the shop about the dangers of the deep backwoods. Since Nate and Lester have been causing Blackway so much trouble all day, Lester knows that he will be looking for them. They settle in for the night out at a camping ground area of the woods, and Lester goes off with his antique shotgun, leaving Lillian and Nate alone together.

Blackway shows up at night, armed with a pistol pointed at Lillian and Nate. Lester has a clear shot of Blackway from inside a trailer and is about to kill him, but unbeknownst to Nate of Lester's vantage point, Nate fends off Blackway to protect him and Lillian. When Lester gets another chance of a clear shot of Blackway again, he gets shot instead by Murdoch who finds him in the trailer, and Blackway is able to knock out Nate.

Lillian is able to escape by bending Blackway's fingers backwards the same way she saw Lester do to Murdoch at the bar, giving off a chase between her and Blackway into a cabin. Before Murdoch can finish off Lester in the trailer, Nate attacks Murdoch and then beats him to death. After a hide and chase between Blackway and Lillian inside the cabin, they both make it back outside to the campfire area, where Blackway is finally killed by Lester with one shot from the shotgun that he had inherited from his uncle.

Lester tells them that they'll have to drag Blackway and Murdoch's bodies deep into the woods so that the wild animals will scavenge their bodies and they'll never be found.

At daybreak the next morning, the three drive back into town. Whizzer, who is opening up his lumber mill during daybreak, sees the pickup truck coming back into town and knows that the town is finally rid of Blackway just from seeing the truck. Lester gets dropped off at his house, while Lillian and Nate are driving back to their homes, and an attraction is evident between Nate and Lillian.

Cast
 Anthony Hopkins as Lester
 Julia Stiles as Lillian Warren
 Ray Liotta as Richard Blackway
 Alexander Ludwig as Nate
 Hal Holbrook as Whizzer
 Lochlyn Munro as Murdoch
 Dale Wilson as Sheriff Wingate

Production
In August 2014, during an interview, writer Joseph Gangemi revealed that Gregory Jacobs and he had created a film adaptation of novel Go with Me by Castle Freeman, Jr. On September 19 it was announced that Anthony Hopkins would star in the lead role and Daniel Alfredson would direct the film, which Enderby Entertainment and The Gotham Group would produce. Rick Dugdale would produce along with Lindsay Williams and Ellen Goldsmith-Vein, while Hopkins would also produce along with Jacobs. On October 23, Dean Devlin's Electric Entertainment came on board to co-finance and handle international rights to the film. On October 30, Julia Stiles and Ray Liotta joined the film. On November 17, Alexander Ludwig joined the film to play a young sidekick of an ex-logger.

Filming
Filming began on November 12, 2014 primarily in Enderby, British Columbia. It would also be shot in Lumby. Filming lasted until late December.

Reception
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 20% based on 5 reviews, with an average rating of 3.92/10. Guy Lodge of Variety called the film a "turgid, tension-free revenge thriller".

References

External links

2015 films
2015 thriller films
2010s English-language films
American thriller films
Films based on American thriller novels
Films directed by Daniel Alfredson
Films produced by Gregory Jacobs
Films set in Oregon
Films shot in British Columbia
2010s American films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Institute for Social Development
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Development Studies)
Towards Bridging the 'Gender Digital Divide' in Uganda: A Study of University to Work Transition Patterns among ICT graduates
Mwonda_Phd_2018.pdf (15.03Mb)
Mwondha, Priscilla
This dissertation examines the gender digital divide in the Information and Communication Technology industry in Uganda by analysing admission and graduation dynamics among men and women in ICT degree programs at Makerere and Busitema Universities and the transition of ICT graduates from university to work with specific focus on Mobile Telecommunication Network- Uganda and Uganda Telecom Limited companies. It explores the socio-cultural stereotypes and perceptions that influence the participation and progress of women professionals in the ICT industry and examines the diverse ways in which women in the ICT industry respond to these stereotypes and perceptions. A qualitative research design and methodology was employed to realise these objectives. The data which informed this study was obtained through detailed in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, analysis of admission, graduation and employment data, and official reports. The study reveals that the way socio-cultural structures and institutions are set up — often in favour of men over women — as well as the differential construction of both women and men — inferior feminine vis-à-vis superior masculine — particularly, in a predominantly patriarchal Ugandan society, continue to shape and inform the uptake of ICTs in the country. The dissertation shows that more men than women are admitted into ICT degree programs at Makerere and Busitema universities. Gender 'appropriateness', role models, failure to attain minimum admission requirements, influence of parents and misconception about ICT work variously influence career choice among men and women. Employment patterns among men and women in the ICT industry indicate that the top managerial and technical positions are largely dominated by men while women constitute many of employees at low level, less technical positions. Transition patterns also show that the numbers of women gradually reduce at each critical career transition point. Gender related socio-cultural stereotypes such as male scientist vis-à-vis technophobic woman, working man vis-à-vis domesticated woman, and dependent woman vis-à-vis independent man underlie these paradoxes. These disempowering' socially constructed labels continue to obstruct many of women from participating in the ICT industry. Finally, this thesis has revealed that a wide range of 'everyday' response mechanisms including juggling family and work responsibilities, subterfuge, negotiating, sacrificing career for family, as well adopting the 'culture of men in technology' are deployed by women to navigate and challenge the existing socio-cultural stereotypes and constructions which accentuate the gender digital divide in Uganda.
Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Development Studies) [9]


text:
Will We Have High-Speed Internet in Every Classroom by 2015?
WASHINGTON -- "Almost if not every school in this country will have broadband" by 2015, said Jim Shelton, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Innovation and Improvement at the U.S. Department of Education, at Slate's "Design a Better Classroom" event last night, where he sat on a panel with several distinguished education experts. "The contracts are signed, the money is spent."
Shelton mentioned that bit of old news, first unveiled back in March as part of the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) National Broadband Plan, as a way to frame break-out sessions designed to encourage participants to share their ideas for redesigning the American classroom. "As we move forward, you have to imagine a different infrastructure," he said. But judging by the reaction in the room, which was filled with more than 100 educators, students and policymakers -- the sort of people you would expect to know this stuff -- and my conversations with attendees during and after the event, the original announcement went largely unnoticed -- or was dismissed as just another pipe dream.
Part of Slate's Hive series, the "Design a Better Classroom" event operated under the assumption that a large, smart and engaged readership knows more than the handful of editors and writers it takes to produce a website, however well regarded that site might be. Some of the ideas proposed were interesting and innovative -- project centers in every classroom, human-centered school design, international videoconferencing -- but most focused around innovation that wouldn't be possible without the National Broadband Plan's goal of bringing 1 Gbit/s Internet service into every library, school and hospital by 2020. (Shelton's five-year projection could prove impossibly ambitious.)
Required by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the FCC began work on the Plan back in April 2009 with a series of workshops and public hearings. Thousands of suggestions were made and then boiled down into the Plan as it was presented to Congress. In addition to making 1 Gbit/s broadband available to schools, the Plan calls for connecting all emergency service workers to high-speed service and affordable 100 Mbit/s service for all residences in the country.
But will all of this actually happen as Shelton suggested? Last week, CNET caught up with Blair Levin, the former executive director of the National Broadband Plan who was responsible for creating the final document. Now a fellow at the Aspen Institute, Levin sees the Plan not as a mandate, but as more of a blueprint, a guide.


text:
\section{Introduction}
The origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry that we observe today remains a mystery. That it is simply an initial condition seems unlikely since inflation would have diluted any initial asymmetry to negligible values, and so a dynamical generation mechanism---baryogenesis (for reviews see, e.g.~\cite{Trodden:1998ym,Riotto:1999yt,Dine:2003ax,Cline:2006ts,Morrissey:2012db,Allahverdi:2012ju})---operating sometime between reheating and the electroweak phase transition\footnote{Although mechanisms that operate at lower temperatures do exist ~\cite{Krauss:1999ng,GarciaBellido:1999sv,Copeland:2001qw}.} seems unavoidable. Electroweak baryogenesis in the standard model cannot account for the large asymmetry observed today (see \cite{Morrissey:2012db} and references therein), and so one is naturally led to some combination of beyond the standard model physics and exotic asymmetry generation mechanisms.

Some of these rely on a breaking of $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$ in the early Universe and its subsequent restoration at later times. Such a breaking has hitherto been achieved using either a coupling of a fundamental $\mathrm{U}(1)$ scalar $\phi$ to the inflaton \cite{Affleck:1984fy} or through thermal corrections \cite{Dodelson:1989ii} to the potential. In this paper, we propose an alternative mechanism. A Weyl coupling of a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ charged scalar $\phi$ (with bare mass $m_\phi$) to dark matter so that the effective metric for dark matter is
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Weyl}
\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu}=A^2(|\phi|)g_{\mu\nu};\quad A(|\phi|)=1-\frac{|\phi|^2}{3M^2},
\end{equation}
results in an effective mass for the scalar
\begin{equation}\label{eq:newmass}
m_{\rm eff}^2=m_\phi^2-\frac{\rho_{\rm DM}}{3M^2}.
\end{equation}
Consequently, the symmetry is broken at high dark matter densities (when $\rho_{\rm DM}\gg m_\phi^2M^2$) and restored as the dark matter naturally redshifts. In what follows, we will illustrate how such a symmetry breaking scenario can give rise to baryogenesis using a common and well-studied paradigm: the Affleck-Dine (AD) mechanism \cite{Affleck:1984fy}.

In the AD mechanism, the coherent oscillation of a scalar field charged under $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$ about its symmetry restoring minimum can generate a net $B-L$ charge through symmetry violating terms. In the context of the original model, the scalar represents a flat direction in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) and symmetry violation is present due to non-renormalisable terms in the superpotential that arise from supersymmetry breaking \cite{Dine:2003ax,Dine:1995kz}. The initial condition is provided by a breaking of the symmetry during inflation. In particular, a coupling of the scalar to the inflaton via the K\"{a}hler potential gives rise to an effective mass term for the scalar
\begin{equation}\label{eq:ADmass}
m_{\rm eff}^2=m_{3/2}^2-c\frac{\rho_I}{{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2} \ ,
\end{equation}
where $m_{3/2}$ is the gravitino mass (this term arises from supersymmetry breaking), $\rho_I$ is the energy density of the inflaton, and $c\sim\mathcal{O}(1)$. At the end of inflation the inflaton undergoes coherent oscillations about the minimum of its potential and its energy density redshifts like matter. Initially, one has $\rho_I\gg m_{3/2}^2{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2$ and the effective mass is tachyonic so that the field tracks a time-dependent symmetry breaking minimum. When the inflaton has redshifted such that $\rho_I\approx m_{3/2}^2{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2$, the mass is positive and the symmetry is restored, spurring the field into coherent oscillations about the symmetry restoring minimum at zero field value.

The scenario we describe in this paper can be thought of as new and general mechanism for decoupling some of the features of Affleck-Dine baryogenesis from the details of inflation. The mass of the scalar field in \eqref{eq:newmass} has a similar form to the mass of the AD field in \eqref{eq:ADmass}, allowing for the symmetry-breaking mechanism we employ to play an important role in baryogenesis. This may allow for more complicated reheating scenarios such as preheating. Furthermore, the phenomenology of the resulting model is different from the AD case, since the density that breaks the symmetry need not dominate the energy budget of the Universe, allowing for baryogenesis to take place during the radiation-dominated epoch rather than during perturbative reheating, during which the expansion rate takes a brief, matter-dominated form.

In the remainder of this paper we will illustrate how our mechanism may be implemented into an Affleck-Dine type model. We will use a simple toy model to investigate the new phenomenology, and to illustrate the new features that arise. We calculate important quantities such as the baryon to photon ratio, and discuss possible ways that the baryon asymmetry can be transferred to the visible sector. Our goal here is not to concoct a new cosmological model, but rather to demonstrate the mechanism in a familiar and simple scenario. In particular, we note that there are many other choices one \emph{could} make instead, and many assumptions that one \emph{could} drop in favor of others.  In each case, one should be able to construct alternative viable scenarios. We end by discussing possible tests of our new mechanism, and how one could implement it into other baryogenesis scenarios, in particular, baryon-symmetric baryogenesis \cite{Dodelson:1989ii}.

\section{Toy Model}
Our simple toy model is
\begin{equation}\label{eq:toy}
S=\int\, {\rm d}^4x\sqrt{-g}\left(\mathcal{L}_{\rm GR} + \mathcal{L}_\phi+\mathcal{L}_X+\mathcal{L}_{X\phi}\right),
\end{equation}
where $\mathcal{L}_{\rm GR}$ is the Einstein-Hilbert action, and
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{L}_\phi = -\partial_\mu\phi\partial^\mu\phi^\dagger - m_\phi^2\left\vert\phi\right\vert^2-\lambda\frac{\left\vert\phi\right\vert^{2n}}{\mu^{2n-4}}-\frac{\varepsilon}{4}\phi^4-\frac{\varepsilon^\dagger}{4}{\phi^\dagger}^4,
\end{equation}
is the Lagrangian for a complex scalar field charged under a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry, which we take to be $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$, with small symmetry breaking terms proportional to $\varepsilon$. Here, $\mathcal{L}_X$ is the Lagrangian for a Dirac fermion $X$ that plays the role of dark matter, which has mass $m_X$, and
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Weylferm}
\mathcal{L}_{X\phi}= m_X\frac{|\phi|^2}{3M^2}\bar{X}X
\end{equation}
is an interaction between dark matter, mediated by the scalar field, that is equivalent to a coupling of dark matter to the metric \eqref{eq:Weyl} \cite{Wetterich:2014bma}\footnote{The nature of dark matter is unimportant for the success of the mechanism; all that is required is a tachyonic mass for the scalar proportional to the dark matter density, which can always be achieved through a Weyl coupling to dark matter given by equation \eqref{eq:Weyl}. We choose a Dirac fermion here for the purposes of providing a concrete model.}. The dynamics of the scalar are governed by the effective potential
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Veff}
V(\phi,\phi^\dagger)_{\rm eff}= \left(m_\phi^2-\frac{\rho_X}{3M^2}\right)|\phi|^2 +\lambda\frac{\left\vert\phi\right\vert^{2n}}{\mu^{2n-4}}+\frac{\varepsilon}{4}\phi^4+\frac{\varepsilon^\dagger}{4}{\phi^\dagger}^4.
\end{equation}
Note that when $n=2$ the potential is renormalisable $\lambda|\phi|^4$, whereas when $n>2$ we can, and will, set $\lambda=1$ without loss of generality. In the standard Affleck-Dine scenario, the case $n=2$ is typically not viable because, in a matter-dominated era, the field does not track its minimum prior to symmetry restoration \cite{Dine:1995kz}. However, our alternative scenario takes place during a radiation-dominated era in which the minimum of the effective potential is an attractor. We will verify this numerically later.

The quintessential features of the mechanism are now clear: when $\rho_X\gg M^2{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2$ the field rolls to the minimum of the effective potential given by (ignoring the small symmetry-violating terms proportional to $\varepsilon$)
\begin{equation}\label{eq:phimin1}
|\phi|_{\rm min}=\begin{cases}
    \sqrt{\frac{\rho_X}{6\lambda M^2}}       & \quad n=2\\
    \left(\frac{\rho_X\mu^{2n-4}}{3nM^2}\right)^{\frac{1}{2n-2}}  & \quad n>2\\
  \end{cases} \ ,
\end{equation}
where the $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$ is broken. As the dark matter redshifts, the symmetry is restored and the field now rolls towards the new minimum at $|\phi|=0$. This mechanism is reminiscent of the symmetron mechanism~ \cite{Hinterbichler:2010es,Hinterbichler:2011ca}, often studied in the context of modified gravity, where a Weyl coupling similar to \eqref{eq:Weyl} is used to implement a density-dependent breaking of a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry of a real scalar. However, in the present case the situation is reversed, so that the symmetry is restored at high densities. In this sense, our model is more reminiscent of the asymmetron model~\cite{Chen:2015zmx}. The effective potential \eqref{eq:Veff} is strictly a toy model that we will use to illustrate the mechanism, which can be implemented in any model in which the symmetry breaking is density-dependent. In particular, one could consider the $\mathrm{U}(1)$ generalizations of radiatively stable symmetrons \cite{Burrage:2016xzz} or generalized symmetrons \cite{Brax:2012gr}, where the symmetry breaking is due to higher-order operators.

\section{Cosmology and Baryogenesis} \label{sec:cosmo}
The simplest scenario, which we will consider here, is that the products of reheating/preheating are radiation, which dominates the Universe, a small component of dark matter $X$, and the scalar $\phi$. Setting $\rho_X=3\Omega_X{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2H^2$, the symmetry-breaking minimum \eqref{eq:Veff} corresponds to
\begin{equation}\label{eq:phimin2}
|\phi|_{\rm min}=\begin{cases}
    \alpha H\sqrt{\frac{\Omega_X}{2\lambda}}       & \quad n=2\\
   \mu\left(\frac{\alpha^2\Omega_XH^2}{n\mu^2}\right)^{\frac{1}{2n-2}}  & \quad n>2\\
  \end{cases},
\end{equation}
where $\alpha\equiv{M_{\rm {pl}}}/M$. Note that since we are in the radiation-dominated era we have $\Omega_X\ll1$ and so the Hubble friction $H\dot{\phi}\sim H^2\phi$ will result in the field being over-damped and remaining at its initial value unless the driving term $\Omega_X\alpha^2H^2$ dominates, in which case the field will roll to track the minimum. This requires $\alpha\gg1$ and so, in particular, gravitational strength couplings $\alpha=1$ ($M\sim {M_{\rm {pl}}}$) cannot give rise to any appreciable asymmetry. This is in contrast to the original Affleck-Dine scenario, where the coupling is gravitational but the driving term can be large because the field is coupled to the particle that dominates the evolution of the Universe (the inflaton).

The symmetry is restored when $H=H_{\rm osc}$ with
\begin{equation}
\sqrt{\Omega_X}H_{\rm osc}=\frac{m_\phi}{\alpha},
\end{equation}
and we denote the value of $\Omega_X$ when this happens by $\Omega^{\rm osc}_X$. Writing $\phi=|\phi|e^{i\theta}$ and $\varepsilon=\varepsilon_0e^{i\theta_\varepsilon}$, the symmetry-violating terms introduce a correction to the potential given by
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Vcorr}
\Delta V = \frac{\varepsilon_0|\phi|^4}{2}\cos(4\theta+\theta_\varepsilon) \ .
\end{equation}
We require these terms to become important at $H=H_{\rm osc}$, in order to generate the asymmetry. This happens when\footnote{Note that $\partial_\mu\phi\partial^\mu\phi^\dagger\supset |\phi|^2(\partial_\mu\theta)^2$ so that one must canonically normalise the field with a factor of $|\phi|^{-2}$.} $m_\theta^2=\Delta V''(\theta)/|\phi|^2\sim\varepsilon_0|\phi|^2$ is of order $H_{\rm osc}^2$ and so we require
\begin{equation}\label{eq:epssim}
\varepsilon_0\sim\frac{1}{\alpha^2\Omega_X^{\rm osc}}\begin{cases}
    \lambda    & \quad n=2\\
   \left(\frac{m_\phi}{\mu}\right)^{\frac{2n-4}{n-1}} & \quad n>2\\
  \end{cases}.
\end{equation}

If the field has charge $q$ under $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$ then the conserved charge density is $n_{B-L}=J^0=iq(\phi^\dagger\overset{\leftrightarrow}{\partial^0}\phi)=2q|\phi|^2\dot{\theta}$ and, using the equation of motion for the angular field,
\begin{equation}
|\phi|^2\left(\ddot{\theta}+3H\dot{\theta}\right)+2\chi\dot{\theta}=\varepsilon_0|\phi|^4\sin(4\theta+\theta_\varepsilon),
\end{equation}
we find
\begin{equation}\label{eq:neqn}
\dot{n}_{B-L}+3Hn_{B-L}=2q\varepsilon_0|\phi|^4\sin(4\theta+\theta_\varepsilon).
\end{equation}
At this point, in order to obtain an analytic solution, and to gain some insight into how the mechanism operates, we make the approximation that $\dot{n}_{B-L}\approx Hn_{B-L}$ \cite{Asaka:2000nb,vonHarling:2012yn}. We will return later in the paper to check numerically that the results we obtain by using this approximation can be trusted. Making our approximation, we obtain
\begin{equation}
n_{B-L}=\frac{\varepsilon_0q|\phi|^4}{H_{\rm osc}}\sin(4\theta_0+\theta_\varepsilon).
\end{equation}
Using equations \eqref{eq:phimin2} and \eqref{eq:epssim} we then have
\begin{equation}\label{eq:nbl}
n_{B-L} \sim \begin{cases}
    \frac{m_\phi^3}{\lambda \alpha\sqrt{\Omega_X^{\rm osc}}}   & \quad n=2\\
   \frac{\mu^3}{\alpha\sqrt{\Omega_X^{\rm osc}}}\left(\frac{m_\phi}{\mu}\right)^{\frac{n+1}{n-1}} & \quad n>2\\
  \end{cases},
\end{equation}
where we have assumed $q\sim\mathcal{O}(1)$. Ultimately, this will be transferred to the visible sector (the details of which we discuss later) and converted to baryon number $n_B$ via Sphaleron processes \cite{Harvey:1990qw} so that $n_{B}\simn_{B-L}$.

It is worth noting that  at this point we could determine $\lambda$ or $\mu$ by demanding that $\Omega_B/\Omega_{\rm DM}$ has the correct value that we observe today. In order to emphasize the generality of the mechanism, we will not make this choice here. The dark matter density today is highly model-dependent and depends on physics that is not necessarily connected to baryogenesis, such as freeze-out. Furthermore, it is not even necessary for $X$ to be the particle that comprises the majority of the dark matter dominating our Universe today. It could instead simply be an inflaton decay product that itself decays, or that ends up being sub-dominant to other particles produced later on, possibly through the decay of the scalar condensate. For these reasons, we prefer not to commit to a specific scenario and restrict our model unnecessarily.

If we assume that the Universe reheats instantaneously at a temperature $T_R$ when $H=H_R\sim H_{\rm osc}$\footnote{The latter assumption is not strictly necessary but it allows for a simple calculation of the baryon to photon ratio that is not tied to the details of the cosmic expansion.}, then the entropy density is %
\begin{equation}
s = \frac{4\rho_I}{3T_R} \sim \frac{H_{\rm osc}^2{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2}{T_R}\ ,
\end{equation}
in which case we can use equation \eqref{eq:nbl} to find
\begin{align}\label{eq:nblfinal}
\frac{n_{B-L}}{s}\sim &10^{-10}\alpha\sqrt{\Omega_X^{\rm osc}}\frac{T_R}{10^8\textrm{ GeV}}\begin{cases}
  \frac{m_\phi}{\lambda{M_{\rm {pl}}}}  & \quad n=2\\
   \frac{\mu}{{M_{\rm {pl}}}}\left(\frac{\mu}{m_\phi}\right)^{\frac{n-3}{n-1}} & \quad n>2\\
  \end{cases}.
\end{align}
One can see that we can reproduce the observed baryon to photon ratio with a suitable choice of $T_R$, $\Omega_X^{\rm osc}$, and $\lambda$ or $\mu$. Note that imposing the condition $H_R\sim H_{\rm osc}$ gives us the condition
\begin{equation}\label{eq:mphi}
\frac{m_\phi}{0.1\textrm{ GeV}}\sim \frac{\alpha}{10^{12}}\sqrt{\frac{\Omega_X^{\rm osc}}{10^{-18}}}\left(\frac{T_R}{10^{8}\textrm{ GeV}}\right)^2,
\end{equation}
where we have used the fact that $H^2\approx\pi^2 T^4/45{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2$ in a radiation dominated Universe. We also have
\begin{equation}\label{eq:check}
\Omega_\phi\approx\frac{m_\phi^2|\phi|^2}{3H_{\rm osc}^2{M_{\rm {pl}}}^2}\sim \Omega_X\frac{|\phi|^2}{M^2}\ll1 \ ,
\end{equation}
so that the dynamics of the scalar does not back-react on the evolution of the Universe at early times.

At this point, it is worth pausing to note that, in the present incarnation, the number of baryons produced depends on the dark matter density at some point in the past, but the necessity of tuning the other parameters in the model means that this model is not an example of asymmetric dark matter \cite{Zurek:2013wia}. However, the model presented here is a simple toy model for illustrative purposes and the implementation of our mechanism into more complicated models may allow for a direct connection between the densities of dark matter and baryons~\cite{Enqvist:1998en,Fujii:2002aj}.

As mentioned earlier, we have made several approximations to arrive at our results and so we have numerically integrated the equations of motion to verify that our estimates are correct. As an example, in figure \ref{fig:field} we plot the evolution of the field for the cases $n=2$ and $n=3$ and one can see the expected behavior: the field tracks its minimum until the symmetry is restored at which point the angular field begins to rotate, generating a net $B-L$. The parameters used were $\lambda=10^{-20}$ ($n=2$), $\mu=0.1 {M_{\rm {pl}}}$ ($n=3$), $\varepsilon_0=0.03,\, \theta_\varepsilon=3,\, \alpha=10^{10}$, and $m_\phi=0.1$ GeV; we started the evolution from a universe with $\Omega_X=10^{-18}$ with $T_R=10^8$ GeV. These parameters were chosen to give $n_{B-L}/s\sim10^{-10}$ according to equation \eqref{eq:nblfinal}. We plot this ratio in figure \ref{fig:nbl}; one can see that the numerically calculated value agrees with our prediction, validating the approximations we have employed. We also plot the motion of the field as a function of time in figure \ref{fig:n2attractor} for the case $n=2$ in order to verify our earlier assertion that the symmetry-breaking minimum is an attractor for the renormalizable theory, in contrast to the the case of Affleck-Dine baryogenesis during a phase of perturbative reheating.

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\stackunder{
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth,height=0.45\textwidth]{phin2.eps}}{$n=2$}
\stackunder{
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth,height=0.45\textwidth]{phimin3.eps}}{$n=3$}
\caption{The motion of the field for the cases $n=2$ and $n=3$, with parameters $\lambda=10^{-20}$ ($n=2$), $\mu=0.1 {M_{\rm {pl}}}$ ($n=3$), $\varepsilon_0=0.03,\, \theta_\varepsilon=3,\, \alpha=10^{10}$, and $m_\phi=0.1$ GeV. }
\label{fig:field}
\end{figure}
\clearpage
\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.35\textwidth]{nbl_final.eps}
\caption{The ratio $n_{B-L}/s$ for the cases $n=2$ and $n=3$; the dimensionless time $\tau=m_\phi t$.}
\label{fig:nbl}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t]
{\includegraphics[width=0.35\textwidth]{minosc.eps}}
\caption{The motion of the absolute value of the field as a function of dimensionless time $\tau=m_\phi t$ for the case $n=2$. The red solid line shows the result of the numerical integration and the black dashed line shows the time-dependent minimum. The evolution is plotted up until $H=H_{\rm osc}$.}
\label{fig:n2attractor}
\end{figure}

After the $B-L$ has been generated it is stored in the scalar condensate (it cannot decay through the symmetry-violating operators because $\phi$ is close to zero at this point and these are less important than the symmetry-preserving operators \cite{Lozanov:2014zfa}), which either decays, or, more likely, fractures into Q-balls~\cite{Kusenko:1997si,Kusenko:1997zq,Hertzberg:2013jba,Lozanov:2014zfa}. Q-balls are non-topological solitons that exist in any $\mathrm{U}(1)$ theory where the minimum of $V(|\phi|)/|\phi|^2$ occurs at some value other than $\phi=0$ \cite{Coleman:1985ki}, and are the end state of many Affleck-Dine models\footnote{The specific model we have studied here does not satisfy the condition for the existence of Q-balls (although this conclusion is likely to change once radiative corrections are accounted for) and so we expect the field to decay perturbatively. We expect that any more realistic generalization will likely end up as Q-balls. It would be interesting to investigate the properties of Q-balls that are coupled to dark matter in future work.}. They are unstable to decay to fermions \cite{Cohen:1986ct} and are therefore one way of transferring the asymmetry to the visible sector. We discuss how this may occur presently.

\section{Mediation to the Visible Sector}\label{sec:SM}
The Affleck-Dine mechanism naturally includes a method of transferring the asymmetry to the visible sector because $\phi$ typically corresponds to some flat direction for a combination of squarks or sleptons. In our scenario, we need to ensure that the asymmetry transfer is possible whilst still satisfying particle physics bounds. Here, we will focus on couplings to the standard model, although the implementation of the mechanism into beyond the standard model theories is certainly possible \cite{Brax:2006dc,Brax:2006kg,Hinterbichler:2010wu,Brax:2012mq,Brax:2013yja}. We will focus on one simple possible transfer mechanism as a proof of principle; there are numerous possible ways of incorporating a $\mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}$ scalar into different particle physics models, even more so given that the nature of $X$ is not fixed by our mechanism, nor is the particle that comprises the dominant component of dark matter today.

The lowest dimension operator that is a gauge singlet under the standard model gauge group is the neutrino portal operator $\bar{L}\tilde{H}$ \cite{Falkowski:2009yz,Escudero:2016tzx} (see \cite{Gonzalez-Macias:2016vxy} for a UV completion), where $L=(l \,\,\nu_l)^T$ is a left-handed lepton $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ doublet\footnote{In general, one has a Yukawa matrix for all three generations. We do not consider this here for simplicity.} and $\tilde{H}=i\sigma^2H^*$ is the charge-conjugated Higgs doublet. This operator only carries lepton number and so the simplest operator we can write down that couples it to the scalar is the dimension-five operator
\begin{equation}\label{eq:neuportal}
\frac{\phi\bar{L}\tilde{H}Y}{\Lambda} +\textrm{ h.c.}= g\phi\bar{\nu}_lY +\textrm{ h.c.},
\end{equation}
where $Y$ is a singlet fermion, $\Lambda$ is the cut-off for the effective field theory, $g=v/\sqrt{2}\Lambda$ with $v\sim 246$ GeV being the Higgs VEV, and the second equality holds in the broken-symmetry phase. Note that it is necessary to assign $\phi$ a lepton number $q=1$. In principle, one could take $Y$ to be $X$, but, as discussed above, there is no need to take $X$ to be a fermion, or, indeed, to be the dominant component of dark matter today, and so we prefer to keep our discussion as general as possible, especially since the operator \eqref{eq:neuportal} is by no means the unique coupling to the visible sector.

We require the scalar to decay to neutrinos in order to transfer the asymmetry and so we must impose $m_\phi>m_Y$. The phenomenology of this scenario has been investigated in \cite{Macias:2015cna}, in which an effective field theory of the neutrino portal was constructed\footnote{Note that the scalar considered there is real and not charged under any symmetry. For this reason, we have fewer operators than listed in \cite{Macias:2015cna}.}. Away from resonances when $m_\phi= m_Z,\, m_H$, the dominant self-annihilation process governing the relic abundance is $YY\rightarrow\bar{\nu}\nu$ mediated by the scalar, and one finds that the presently observed relic abundance for a cutoff given by
\begin{equation}
\Lambda \approx \left(\frac{70\textrm{ GeV}}{m_Y}\right)^{1/2} \left(1+\frac{m_\phi^2}{m_Y^2}\right)^{-1/2} \ ,
\end{equation}
where $m_Y$ is the mass of the fermion.

Apart from this relatively weak constraint, the phenomenology of the neutrino portal is consistent with all other beyond the standard model searches \cite{Macias:2015cna}. The most important operators in the broken symmetry phase, besides the neutrino portal, are $vm_Z\bar{Y}\gamma^\mu Z_\mu Y/\Lambda^2$ and $vh\bar{Y}Y/\Lambda$, where $H=(v+h)/\sqrt{2}(0\;1)^{\rm T}$. The collider bounds on the invisible decay of the Higgs and the $Z$ are easily satisfied for these couplings, as are bounds from both spin-dependent and spin-independent nucleon scattering experiments. Indirect detection signals using dark matter self-annihilation in the Sun and the galactic halo are many orders of magnitude below current experimental bounds.

\section{Equivalence Principle Violations}
From the point of view of gravitational physics, our model is a scalar-tensor theory with dark matter moving on geodesics of the \emph{Jordan frame metric} $\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu}$ given by \eqref{eq:Weyl}. In the Newtonian limit, the effective metric for dark matter is
\begin{equation}
\tilde{g}_{00}\approx \left(-1+2\Phi_{\rm N}+\frac{2|\phi|^2}{3M^2}\right) \ ,
\end{equation}
where $\Phi_{\rm N}$ is the Newtonian potential ($GM/r$ in the case of spherical symmetry), so that the effective Newtonian potential is $\tilde{\Phi}_{\rm N}=\Phi_{\rm N}+|\phi|^2/3M^2$. Dark matter therefore feels an additional or \emph{fifth}-force given by~\cite{Sakstein:2015oqa,Burrage:2016bwy}
\begin{equation}
F_5=\frac{\phi^\dagger\overset{\leftrightarrow}{\nabla}\phi}{3M^2} \ .
\end{equation}
Baryons (and other forms of dark matter) do not feel this force and therefore fall at a different rate to $X$ particles in an external field, signaling a breakdown of the equivalence principle. If $X$ comprises the dark matter we observe today then, in theory, this could be tested by looking for equivalence principle violations between dark matter halos and their constituent galaxies \cite{Kesden:2006zb,Kesden:2006vz,Jain:2011ji}. The present day cosmological field has $\phi_0=0$, and therefore compact objects will only source a scalar field if they are dense enough to break the symmetry themselves (rather than due to the cosmological density) so that the field moves away from zero and towards its new minimum. By design, our model only exhibits symmetry breaking at densities well above the scale of the electroweak phase transition. Densities that high are certainly not reached in the cores of dark matter halos. In practice then, equivalence principle violations are expected to be negligible. A similar statement holds for cosmological probes such as the cosmic microwave background; the fifth-force leads to an enhanced growth of dark matter fluctuations, but only when the symmetry is broken \cite{Brax:2011pk}, i.e. well above big bang nucleosynthesis.

\section{Baryon-Symmetric Baryogenesis}

Thus far, we have primarily focussed on an Affleck-Dine type scenario but this is by no means the only baryogenesis mechanism that generates a net $B-L$ using inverse symmetry-breaking transitions. Before concluding, we pause briefly to sketch how our mechanism can be implemented into one of these alternative scenarios: baryon-symmetric baryogenesis~\cite{Dodelson:1989ii,Dodelson:1989cq,Dodelson:1990ge,Dodelson:1991iv}.

In this model, $\mathrm{U}(1)_B$ is a fundamental symmetry of the Lagrangian that is broken spontaneously at high temperatures when a hidden sector scalar acquires a time-dependent VEV. Baryon number is therefore not conserved separately in each sector so that one has $\partial_\mu J^\mu_{\rm hidden}=-\partial_\mu J^\mu_{\rm visible}$. A large baryon-anti-baryon asymmetry can then be generated in the visible sector that is exactly compensated by the charge stored in the hidden sector scalar condensate. The symmetry breaking requires two scalar fields $\phi$ and $\chi$, with $\phi$ charged under baryon number so that it can couple to right-handed quarks. The scalar potential is
\begin{equation}\label{eq:Vtreebsb}
V(\phi,\chi)=m_\phi^2|\phi|^2+\alpha_1|\phi|^4+\alpha_2|\chi|^4-2\alpha_3|\phi|^2|\chi|^2.
\end{equation}
Thermal corrections result in a symmetry breaking minimum at high temperatures for $\phi$ when $2\alpha_2>\alpha_3>2\alpha_1$ so that it acquires the necessary VEV for baryogenesis. An alternative to this potential, and the second field $\chi$, is to use our mechanism. This may open up the parameter space and give a richer phenomenology\footnote{One may also worry that a zero mass for $\chi$ is not technically natural since it is coupled to $\phi$, which in turn couples to the visible sector, and therefore a large mass for $\chi$ may be generated by quantum corrections. Our model does not suffer this problem since the field $\chi$ is absent.}.

\section{Summary and Conclusions}
In this paper we have identified a new baryogenesis mechanism based on the novel breaking of a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry in the early Universe, in which the Weyl coupling of a charged scalar to dark matter induces a tachyonic mass at sufficiently high densities. The symmetry is ultimately restored when the energy density in dark matter redshifts to a small enough value. Many existing ideas for baryogenesis rely on inverse-symmetry breaking transitions and here we have given an example of how our mechanism can be implemented in a straightforward manner into one common and well-studied paradigm: the Affleck-Dine mechanism. We have illustrated the new features and phenomenology that arise due to the dark matter coupling, and have demonstrated that a fully consistent scenario can be readily obtained. In particular, the asymmetry generated can be transferred to the visible sector without violating current experimental bounds on new particles coupled to the standard model. In this work we have presented a simplified toy model for clarity. In future work we will investigate whether this scenario might find a natural home in models of physics beyond the standard model.

\section*{Acknowledgements} We are grateful for useful discussions with Mustafa Amin, Clare Burrage, and Peter Millington. The work of J.S. was supported by funds provided to the Center for Particle Cosmology by the University of Pennsylvania. The work of M.T was supported in part by US Department of Energy (HEP) Award DE-SC0013528, and also by NASA ATP grant NNX11AI95G.

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Eastport és una concentració de població designada pel cens dels Estats Units a l'estat de Nova York. Segons el cens del 2000 tenia una població de 1.454 habitants.

Demografia
Segons el cens del 2000, Eastport tenia 1.454 habitants, 554 habitatges, i 373 famílies. La densitat de població era de 102,3 habitants per km².

Dels 554 habitatges en un 30,7% hi vivien nens de menys de 18 anys, en un 55,2% hi vivien parelles casades, en un 7,8% dones solteres, i en un 32,5% no eren unitats familiars. En el 27,4% dels habitatges hi vivien persones soles el 12,3% de les quals corresponia a persones de 65 anys o més que vivien soles. El nombre mitjà de persones vivint en cada habitatge era de 2,54 i el nombre mitjà de persones que vivien en cada família era de 3,1.

Per edats la població es repartia de la següent manera: un 23,9% tenia menys de 18 anys, un 5,8% entre 18 i 24, un 30,7% entre 25 i 44, un 25,8% de 45 a 60 i un 13,8% 65 anys o més.

L'edat mediana era de 38 anys. Per cada 100 dones de 18 o més anys hi havia 104,1 homes.

La renda mediana per habitatge era de 50.550 $ i la renda mediana per família de 52.917 $. Els homes tenien una renda mediana de 40.163 $ mentre que les dones 35.000 $. La renda per capita de la població era de 24.391 $. Entorn del 5,7% de les famílies i el 6,6% de la població estaven per davall del llindar de pobresa.

Referències

Comtat de Suffolk (Nova York)
Llocs designats pel cens de Nova York


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