When I walked into the Humanitarian Respite Center in McAllen, Texas, people were everywhere — kids playing and running around, mothers nursing babies, teenagers chatting with one another, men talking and visiting.
I had arranged to meet Sister Norma Pimentel, M.J., there. The executive director of the local Catholic Charities office, Sister Norma received Notre Dame's Laetare Medal last year for her devoted work with immigrants, refugees and the poor in the Rio Grande Valley. In 2014, she opened the Humanitarian Respite Center to take care of people who had been jailed for crossing the border while seeking asylum in the United States, and who had then been released and dropped off at the bus station. They had no money, no food, no change of clothing and no way to reach relatives who could purchase them a bus ticket, enabling them to stay in the States. They had not bathed in days; they had nothing.
I had volunteered to help at the center during the Christmas holidays and arranged through the local bishop to stay at the Basilica and National Shrine of Our Lady of San Juan del Valle, where I would assist with Masses and confessions.
A dozen volunteers were making sandwiches, cleaning floors, serving lunch, sorting clothing, giving out aspirin, stacking mats that people had slept on the night before, hauling out the trash, lining up people to get on a bus to go someplace where a family member could welcome them. I learned that the day before ICE had dropped off 530 people.
Every afternoon ICE, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, brings anywhere from 80 to 550 people to Sister Norma's respite center. Among the many fascinating things about Sister Norma is that she works with ICE and the U.S. Border Patrol. While they have different agendas and different ways of seeing the world, they do try to work together.
I had a brief orientation, received a Catholic Charities Disaster Relief T-shirt and was told what time to come back in the morning. From there I drove the four miles to the basilica in San Juan, Texas. It's an enormous operation. It's like Vatican City in the Rio Grande Valley.
The basilica is really beautiful. It is the second-most visited basilica in the U.S. Only the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, D.C., has more visitors. But no tourists come here. More than 20,000 pilgrims come each week, and within two minutes of entering the basilica, the thing you notice is that it belongs to the people. Many basilicas seem more like museums than places of prayer, belonging more to the staff than to the people.
I heard confessions from 3 to 5:15 p.m. and said Mass at 5:30 p.m. Four priests were hearing confessions, and it looked like half the pilgrims were in line! I am always grateful for the opportunity to hear confessions and to celebrate the Eucharist. Being in this basilica, celebrating Mass, hearing confessions was so refreshing because it is of the people.
On Sunday, December 30, I said the 7 a.m. Mass then drove to the center to work. When you sign up to work with immigrants and refugees, the first thought is that you are going to do incredible things to serve them — to help with their papers, talk with them about God, and who knows what other lofty ideas.
For the first hour I made ham and cheese sandwiches. Totally boring, but so necessary. I made sandwiches with another volunteer and with Alberto and Juanito, a father and son from Guatemala. Their first language is not Spanish. It is Q'eqchi'. After some time of making sandwiches, we began talking. The son spoke much better Spanish than his father.
They left Guatemala on November 23 and began walking to the U.S. in search of work. They walked through Mexico, stopping here and there, sleeping under the stars or wherever people would take them in. They did odd jobs to make a little money to buy food. They arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border on December 23. They swam across the Rio Grande late at night and stayed for three nights, trying to hide outdoors. Totally wet clothes, sleeping outside for three nights, no food to eat. Then Border Patrol found them, arrested them and sent them to jail. They were released on December 26 to Sister Norma's respite center.
The dad had left his wife and three other children in Guatemala. They intend to stay for a few years, send money back to their family, then return to Guatemala. They had not had any contact with their family since they began their journey, so I lent them my cell phone. They called a family member in Guatemala to share the news that they had arrived. I was so grateful to be able to lend them my cell phone to make that call. The father tried to call his wife, but received no answer. He said to me, Es domingo. Estará en la iglesia. "It's Sunday. She must be at Mass." They didn't yet know I am a priest. So I don't think he was trying to impress me. I had to turn away because of the tears welling up in my eyes.
I later learned that staff and volunteers are strictly forbidden to lend their cell phones to people. Since then I have received a bunch of WhatsApp messages where the caller ID reads "Guatemala." Others have asked to use my phone to make calls. I have never been one to follow the rules for the sake of following the rules. But I do understand why this policy exists. That being said, I'm so grateful to be in the Church with the current Vicar of Christ, Pope Francis. He understands and respects the rules, but there's always more to a situation than the rules. I love Pope Francis for many reasons. One is that I feel like finally someone has my back — the Pope!
After my first hour on ham-and-cheese-sandwich detail, I was sent to clean the bathrooms. You can begin to imagine how quickly trash accumulates in the bathrooms when over 500 people are using eight toilets. I emptied trash and put in new liners, emptied trash and put in new liners, emptied trash and put in new liners. However, I almost never made it to the trash bins. As I walked by people with the trash, inevitably someone would say, Yo lo hago. "I'll do that." The people are ready to help and very grateful.
The administration has referred to the people in this caravan as criminals, drug traffickers and rapists. Nothing could be further from the truth. Nothing.
My final job of the day was washing, drying and folding towels. When over 500 people spend the night you have lots of towels to wash and dry and fold. I found Gaspar and asked him to help me. In the folding of towels, I learned that his wife is already in California. He traveled from Guatemala with their three children, all under the age of 12. It took them three months to walk from their village to the U.S.-Mexico border. They crossed the river at night, were arrested by Border Patrol, put in jail and released the next day, then brought to Sister Norma's respite center. Gaspar and I folded towels until lunchtime.
After one day of working at the center, I realized that my left-brain mind and Type A personality could make things a bit more efficient. But I would be creating a system in which people would begin to feel like clients or numbers instead of like human beings. Efficiency would certainly not be worth making people feel like numbers rather than children of God. In an age when even the Church has succumbed to CWMA (Counts-Weights-Measures Addiction), it is so healthy to see a place where people have not been reduced to charts and graphs and data analysis. They are treated and respected as human beings.
I returned to the basilica for confessions and Mass. Today the other half of the pilgrims must have been in line. The sacrament of confession may be the Church's best-kept secret. People pour out their hearts, cry, sob, tell their stories, confess their sins, then seek mercy and forgiveness, pardon and understanding. They just want someone to hear their story, to listen to their sorrow.
How could I hear the word "caravan" and not think of the caravan of immigrants who have recently arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border from Central America? The administration has referred to the people in this caravan as criminals, drug traffickers and rapists. Nothing could be further from the truth. Nothing. Jesus is certainly present in every person in this caravan from Central America. May God have mercy on our country and forgive us for failing immigrants and refugees.
New Year's Eve. In the morning I went directly to the laundry and began washing, drying and folding towels — and lots of them — from the morning showers.
From there I was sent to the men's clothing room to sort clothing by size and to give it to the men and boys who needed it. As each person entered, I asked his size and then gave him what he needed — a pair of pants, a shirt, underwear and socks, maybe shoes. With so many people coming each day, I completely understand and accept how this is done. Yet it made me sad that each man could not pick out what he wanted. It reminded me how the poor are always stripped of their choices.
Alberto and Juanito helped me again today. I asked them why they were still at the center, since most people stay one or two nights at the most. They explained that the family member they called did not have the money to send them tickets to Florida. I checked with the bus company and learned that two bus tickets to Florida would cost $384. I decided to buy their tickets. Nothing virtuous on my part. I thought, I spend more money than that in a year buying one energy drink a day. I felt ashamed of how I, with a vow of poverty, waste money. They will leave the center on Tuesday afternoon.
Each day at different times the line forms for those who will leave the center to get on a bus to meet up with family members in the U.S. First they are given a good, hot lunch and then a bag with food for the journey. Each person holds a manila envelope that contains their papers and bus tickets and any other important documents. The manila envelope reads, Please help me. I do not speak English. Can you please help me to find my bus? Traveling from McAllen inevitably means changing buses a few times.
I'm not sure why, but just looking at those words on the envelope made me cry. Here are poor immigrant people with not a cent in their pockets, getting on a bus in a foreign country to go to a city where they have never been before. They don't even have the money to buy a bottle of water. They don't have a change of clothing. They don't speak English. Nothing. My heart breaks for them. And they are being painted as criminals and rapists and drug traffickers. Nothing could be further from the truth.
Each person I spoke with made many references to their gratitude to God for getting them where they were. I am not wearing my Roman collar, yet they say, "Thank you — and thank God for these pants." And, "I slept outside night after night with my children, but I knew that God was with me." Or, "It's only because of Him that I made it this far." Try as I might I have not yet found any drug traffickers, rapists, criminals or otherwise bad people. I've only found people whose lives of faith inspire me. I'll keep looking for the criminals tomorrow.
Today I asked Miguel and Eugenio to help me wash, dry and fold towels, which they readily did. Both men brought two children with them from Guatemala and left other children with their wives in Guatemala. I asked Eugenio how his 2-year-old daughter, Daisy, was able to walk such a distance. He looked at me like I was nuts and said, "I put her on my shoulders and I carried her all the way." I asked both men why they didn't leave their children in Guatemala. They explained that there is no work, which means there is nothing to eat. So they divided the kids.
I ate lunch with several women, two of whom had just had babies. One, Mateo, was three days old and the other, Jodil, was two days old. Both women crossed the border when they were very late in their pregnancy. Both delivered their babies in a hospital in McAllen and then came to the respite center. Those two babies are adorable — and they're U.S. citizens!
Again today I was not able to find any criminals or rapists or drug addicts among the many people at the center. Maybe tomorrow. I'll keep looking.
Another day of grace at the center, where I washed, dried and folded towels. Today Carlos and his son, Mauricio, and Emilio and his son, José, helped me. Emilio is from El Salvador and Carlos is from Guatemala.
They left their homes because of violence, a violence that is destroying their countries and deters companies from investing there — which translates to no jobs, no money, no food and the inability to provide for a family.
Emilio and Carlos must have said "thank God" 10 times during our conversation. We got across the river, gracias a Dios. Here we are in this beautiful place, gracias a Dios. They have given us good food and clothing, gracias a Dios. We hope to be able to help our families back home, gracias a Dios. It's so clear that the less we have the more we recognize and are aware of our dependence on God. These people have no sense of entitlement. None. We have so much to learn from the poor.
At one point I was on my cell phone trying to upgrade a seat on my flight home. So often I am brought face to face with the inequalities of life. After working at the center, I got in my nice rental car and drove away.
Before I left, Border Patrol dropped off more than 400 people. I've never seen anything like it — people pouring off buses with no idea where they are or what's next. They are all coming from jail. I was wrong about how long they spend in jail. Some spend one night. Others spend up to a week in jail while the government checks out their backgrounds and discerns whether the people who will "receive" them in the U.S. are legitimate.
It is becoming more and more difficult for me to listen to the lies told by the administration about protecting our borders from criminals and rapists and drug dealers. When a person with a criminal record crosses and Border Patrol does the background check, that person is sent immediately back across the border into Mexico. If the administration would come to a place like Sister Norma's respite center for one day, I would like to think that they would see things very differently. May God have mercy on us.
After confessions and Mass at the basilica, I went back to the center because I wanted to be sure there would be clean towels. With 400 people arriving and showering and cleaning up, well, that's a lot of towels.
I end as I began. Another day of grace at the center. I am reminded of that wonderful Amish saying, "When you have plenty, you build longer tables, not higher walls." The United States would do well to build longer tables. We can certainly afford to do so.
More towels! I am becoming an expert at washing, drying and folding towels. Today Eduardo helped me. We had a long conversation about his trip from Honduras through Mexico with Timoteo, his 2-year-old son. It made me very sad. He told many stories of how he was mistreated by so many people as he journeyed toward the U.S. border.
The whole world has a pecking order. Mexicans feel superior to people in Central American countries, and Americans feel superior, too. How can human beings be so cruel to one another? I just don't understand it. I love Mexican people, but Eduardo's stories made me sad and angry. When will human beings stop treating other human beings as less than human?
Kids are everywhere at the center, between 50 and 80 preschool kids on any given day. They all ride big-wheel trucks and run into each other (and me!) as they happily go around unaware of their precarious future. They never stray far from their parents. And the parents keep their eyes on their children. Each person who has helped me in the laundry has brought his son or daughter with him.
I watch those kids and, for the most part, they look like kids and sound like kids and play like kids everywhere around the world. They play hard. They take naps. They run around everywhere. I lament that they have no privilege in life and a sad future.
Today I noticed something I hadn't before. I had to take a basket of clean towels into the men's shower. I noticed two men with ankle bracelets that track where they are. Then I looked closely and saw that they all have ankle bracelets. ICE tracks them to make certain they know where they are. I guess I understand this, but it's still so sad.
I know immigration is a complicated issue, but this is about people and families. As Pope Francis has written, "Migrants and refugees are not pawns on the chessboard of humanity. They are children, women and men who leave or who are forced to leave their homes for various reasons. . . . A change of attitude toward migrants and refugees is needed on the part of everyone, moving away from attitudes of defensiveness and fear, indifference and marginalization . . . toward attitudes based on a culture of encounter, the only culture capable of building a better, more just and fraternal world." I wish we could keep that front and center.
Tonight I think about a big difference between the government and the Church. The face of the government is an office. The face of the Church is a person. This is so clear at Sister Norma's respite center. I sometimes fear, as I mentioned, that the pastoral face of the Church is being lost with the inclination toward numbers and graphs and data analysis and outcomes. Places like this remind us that it need not be the case.
At the center I again went directly to the laundry to wash, dry and fold towels. Isaias helped me. He is a 14-year-old boy from Honduras. He told me that once he and his dad get to New York he hopes to enroll in school. He needs a backpack and asked me how to say mochila in English. I wonder what will happen once he and his father get to New York.
I was sad when I left the center today. I am certain I will be back, God willing. I have a lot more to learn: from the poor who truly trust in God, and from the Humanitarian Respite Center, which keeps alive the pastoral face of the Church. It has not succumbed to metrics, has not fallen into the trap of measuring the value of our efforts by the standards of functionalism and efficiency that rule the business world. Rather its staff and volunteers seek to live the joy of the Gospel and practice the culture of encounter with everyone there.
This has been a most incredible week. I cannot think of a better way to have ended 2018 and to have begun 2019. Immigrants and immigration are not going to go away. The Church needs to do so much more to respond. How the Church responds may well define the Church for years to come.
Father Joe Corpora works in the Alliance for Catholic Education, lives in Dillon Hall and is one of 700 priests whom Pope Francis appointed in 2016 to serve as Missionaries of Mercy. He has written two books of reflections on this experience, The Relentless Mercy of God and Being Mercy: The Path to Being Fully Alive, both published by Corby Books.


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Alliance Formed for U.S. Commercialization of Opioid Receptor Antagonist
By Purdue Pharma L.P. | December 19, 2016
Shionogi and Purdue Pharma establish alliance for joint U.S. commercialization of naldemedine.
Shionogi & Co., Ltd., a drug-discovery based pharmaceutical company and Purdue Pharma L.P., a privately-held pharmaceutical company, announced the establishment of an alliance for the joint U.S. launch and commercialization of Symproic (naldemedine). Symproic, a novel peripherally-acting mu opioid receptor antagonist (Pamora) for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adults with chronic non-cancer pain, is currently under review at the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The target action date for Symproic under the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) is Mar. 23, 2017.
In this alliance, Purdue's expertise in the care of patients with pain will be combined with Shionogi's knowledge as the inventor and global developer of naldemedine. Purdue and Shionogi will jointly launch and commercialize Symproic, including a comprehensive collaboration on all aspects of strategy, sales, and other activities.
"Shionogi is very pleased to create this alliance with Purdue, which is well established as the U.S. leader in providing treatments for those burdened with chronic pain. We firmly believe that Purdue is optimally positioned to bring naldemedine to market, following approval by FDA for the treatment of OIC in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain, to benefit the appropriate patients and to the healthcare providers that care for them," said Dr. Isao Teshirogi, president and chief executive officer, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.
"This alliance brings us into an exciting new therapeutic area and offers us the opportunity to further help patients with chronic pain while advancing our plans to diversify in high need areas adjacent to pain," said Mark Timney, president and chief executive officer, Purdue Pharma L.P. "We've had a successful, long-term, strategic relationship with Shionogi for two decades and we look forward to continuing our work with them."
Chadbourne & Parke LLP served as lead outside counsel for Purdue Pharma. Norton Rose Fulbright served as lead outside counsel for Shionogi.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


1 – 2Step right toe to right side. Drop right heel taking weight.
3 – 4Rock left back on slight left diagonal. Recover onto right squaring up to wall.
5 – 6Step left toe to left side. Drop left heel taking weight.
7 – 8Rock right back on slight right diagonal. Recover onto left squaring up to wall.
Styling Let arms naturally swing back on the back rock.
1 – 2Step right to side. Turn 1/4 right stepping left behind right.
3 – 4Turn 1/4 right stepping right to side. Hitch left.
8Hitch right, angling body to left diagonal.
1 – 3To left diagonal, cross rock right over left. Recover onto left. Step right forward.
4Hitch left, turning towards right diagonal.
5 – 7To right diagonal, cross rock left over right. Recover onto right. Step left forward.
1 – 2Step down on right. Hitch left turning 1/4 left.
5 – 8Run forward - right, left, right, left (slightly bending knees then coming up again).
1 – 4Rock right forward. Recover onto left. Rock right to right side. Recover onto left.
5 – 8Rock right back. Recover onto left. Step right forward. Hold.
1 – 4Step left forward. Pivot 1/2 turn right. Step left forward. Hold and clap.
5 – 8Step right forward. Pivot 1/2 turn left. Step right forward. Hold and clap.
1 – 4Step left to left side. Step right beside left. Step left forward. Hold.
5 – 8Step right to right side. Step left beside right. Step right back. Hitch left.
1 – 4Step left back. Step right beside left. Step left forward. Hold.
** Restart: Wall 2: Start the dance again (facing 6:00).
5 – 8Rock right forward. Recover onto left. Rock right back. Recover onto left.
1 – 4Rock right forward. Recover onto left. Rock right back. Recover onto left.
Ending Following right toe strut, step left to side, arms out, and pose.
Note Dance goes in and out of phrasing after Wall 5 but just dance through.
Also hitches can be danced with a little hop on supporting foot, Cajun skip style!
- Hope this one is a hit.
- Fun to dance, and hope it's a winner.
- Great improver dance. This dance helps your dancers move into 64 count with confidence as it isn't a hard dance.


Published 04/20/2019 01:06:51 am at 04/20/2019 01:06:51 am in Home Utility Cart.
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text:
Texas Mayor Declares 2014 "Year of the Bible"
By Ben Russell
Published Jan 3, 2014 at 5:22 AM | Updated at 1:08 PM PST on Mar 1, 2018
Mayor of Flower Mound Proclaims 2014 as "Year of the Bible"
http://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/politics/Flower-Mound-Mayor-Declares-2014-Year-of-the-Bible-238543001.html
The mayor of Flower Mound is receiving criticism for proclaiming 2014 as the "Year of the Bible" at the city's Dec. 16 city council meeting. (Published Thursday, Jan. 2, 2014)
The mayor of Flower Mound is receiving a lot of attention after declaring 2014 the "Year of the Bible."
Flower Mound Mayor Tom Hayden made the proclamation during a regularly scheduled city council meeting in the Dallas-area suburb last month.
"I ask that you join with me, Tom Hayden, Mayor of the Town of Flower Mound, Texas, in Proclaiming 2014 to be the 'Year of the Bible' in Flower Mound, Texas, and encourage all residents in their own way to examine the principles and teachings found in the Bible," Hayden said during the Dec. 16 meeting.
Along with the proclamation, Hayden promoted a website set up and administered by staff at the Calvary Chapel Church in Flower Mound.
Among the site's many features is a daily selection of verses from the New King James version of the Bible. The Jan. 2 selections include the stories of Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel, John the Baptist and other readings.
On Thursday, Hayden explained the motivation for his proclamation to NBC 5.
"I believe that Jesus died for my sins and I hope to be able to share the good news with others," Hayden said by phone, declining to speak on camera because he recently suffered cuts on his face from an ATV accident. "Everyone's personal relationship with God is a personal decision. Your relationship with God may differ with mine. If I can, I would like to encourage people to read the Bible."
Hayden added that he is disappointed that the focus for some concerning the "Year of the Bible" proclamation has been on him and not, as he intended, on the teachings in the Bible.
Residents offered varied opinions about the mayor's move.
"To me [it is] to each their own," said Vicki Bassinger, a Flower Mound resident, who said she is generally in support of the mayor's proclamation. "And you should be able to do the Bible at your own home. You don't have to go to church or whatever. And that's what he's recommending."
"Honestly, I don't think it's a very good idea," said Crysta McKenry, who works in Flower Mound. "I believe in the whole separation of church and state. If you start talking about Hinduism or something and you say, 'Oh, let's make this all about Hinduism,' there would be an uproar about it. So why make it to where Christianity is OK?"
There are dozens of churches in Flower Mound, which has a population of more than 66,000 people. The majority of the churches are Christian-based, but at least five of the organized religions with places of worship in Flower Mound are not. There is an Islamic mosque, a Hindu temple, a Baha'i temple, a Zoroastrian church and a Jewish synagogue.
"I think [Mayor Hayden] has made the wrong priorities in thinking about this," said Rabbi Geoffrey Dennis of the Congregation Kol Ami. "He thinks this is about him and his opportunity to promote his faith in his role as mayor. But I think he needs to realize that I and the other people who voted him to office voted him in as mayor, not as Bishop of Flower Mound."
Rabbi Dennis told NBC 5, he and other religious leaders in the community, first met with Hayden over a year ago when he approached them with this idea.
"When I first talked to him and said this is not a good idea his response to me was to become defensive and say, 'Well, I'm not ashamed of my faith,'" Rabbi Dennis recalled. "I tried to explain to him this is not about your shame or your pride as a Christian. This is about your respect for your constituents of all types in this community. It's clear he didn't get the message."
Hayden reiterated to NBC 5 Monday this proclamation was not an order on behalf of the municipal government, but was instead an action taken specifically and solely by him.


text:
St.James-Assiniboia School Division
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Ecole Bannatyne School Parent Council
Ecole Bannatyne School has an active Parent Council which works cooperatively with the school in the best educational interests of the children. The Council organizes general meetings of interest to all parents, sponsors fundraising events and co-hosts special activities with the school. We encourage you to become active with this group for the betterment of your child's education.
Parent Council News
Movie Night March 23rd **SING**
Doors Open at 6:00, Movie Starts at 6:30. Parent Council Executive has decided to give our hard-working volunteers a break and sell popcorn, water and candy at this movie night!
As you know Bannatyne Parent council and school community have a big job ahead of us with the play structure set to come out this summer. We receive $10 from each book to go towards our fundraising efforts! By purchasing your Show & Save from us, you will be supporting our School while at the same time saving your family a lot of money. Look for this Fundraiser Mid March, orders will be due back after spring date (Specific Date TBD)
Our Parent Council will be raising money this March by selling the Show & Save Card and Coupon Book. Show & Save welcomes Applebee's, Smitty's and IHOP among others to the Show & Save program in addition to some of your favourites such as McDonald's, Subway, Manitoba Moose and many more! The Book now features over $300 in FREE STUFF (no purchase necessary) and has over $10,000 in money saving offers including coupons for purchases at numerous grocery stores, restaurants and businesses throughout the city. For only $20 you can experience endless savings with the Re-usable Card and Coupon Book.
March 23rd Special Lunch
PLAYGROUND MEETING
Parent Council will be hosting a Playground specific meeting on Thursday, April 12th at 7:00 pm. This meeting is to address questions and concerns that families may have in regards to our upcoming project. We are looking to form a committee of people who will be willing to help with the playground planning and grant writing process, we would be looking for a commitment for the remainder of this school year and the 2018-2019 school year!
If you are interested or have any questions please contact us at bannatynepc@gmail.com
Parent Council Meetings
Meetings are generally held on the first Tuesday of every month from 6:30p.m. to 7:30p.m.
Parent Council Meeting Minutes
December Meeting
Fundraising Proposal
Parent Council meeting agendas and minutes are also posted on the Parent Council bulletin board in the main hallway of the school.
If you wish to contact the Parent Council, please send an email to: bannatynepc@gmail.com
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Email: bannatyne@sjasd.ca Office Hours: 8:30 am - 4:30 pm
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You are all probably wondering what the Alpha testing will be like today.
In place of you, I will ask 'Nemi' 10 questions and she will answer them.
Q1. What is the goal for the Alpha Test?
A1. Just as it called, it is before the beta testing. Most games which are in Alpha are usually tested by the company itself but for Maplestory 2, we decided to open it up and invite players so they can have fun and test it out so when open testing is released, we want all of you to enjoy it.
Q2. So what kind of content is in this Alpha Test?
A2. It will have the basics of a RPG and a smart character customizing system. We also have bosses, minigames, and much more content.
Q3. Can we test the all of the 8 classes?
A3. For this test, even though it may be annoying, Berserker, Thief and Heavy Gunner cannot be tested. You will be able to test the 5 other classes though. We were deciding whether or not we should of put these 3 classes for testing but we concluded that it would be better to work on them.
Q4. What is the level cap?
A4. For the test, the level cap is level 25 although there are more levels beyond it prepared. We decided that because of the content and the length of the Alpha Test, we decided to cap it at level 25.
Q5. Will our characters be deleted :c?
A5. Yes, this Alpha Test we will be erasing all data saved. Deleting all your hard work hurts us a lot. However, through this test, many things will change so we cannot save all data. We would like you to understand.
Q6. When is the next test? When will it be officially released?
Q7. In the Alpha Test, will there be a party/guild system?
A7. Yes, through the party system, you can level up with fellow tester and fight bosses together. However, the guild system is not in a state of readiness which is why it is not available. But outside the system, we have the "Fun Park" where the community can meet up using actions and the chat to make it a fun time.
Q8. Are there any changes since the supporters Alpha test?
A8. Last month, we gathered all the supporters to do an Alpha test which made us very nervous. Even now when we are doing the current one, we are very nervous. (-shakes-) Overall, they tested it thoroughly. Using the feedback we were able to make changes in the content. We even fixed a few bugs, and it was great time to go in a tutorial or just relax in the game. Thank you to ALL of the supporters~.
Q9. Looking at the videos, apart from you Nemi, there are lot's of women in the team. What kind of people are in the team for Maplestory 2?
Q10. Will we be able to play 'Maplestory 2' on our phones.
A10. Even though there are lots of phone carriers, because we made so players can enjoy on PC, we are arguing over if we should put on smartphones so when you rest you can conveniently play it on your phone. It is not yet discussed thoroughly which is why it is hard to explain to you. However you can always check for news on our Homepage.
Jacky: At the end of the test, we hope to get feedback from you.
Nemi: Even though there isn't much content, for the players who waited for Maplestory 2 for so long, we released the Alpha Test for You! I hope you have a fun and enjoyable time!
Credit: 21is21 did all the translating.


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This chapter outlines useful information (and some spoilers) for beginning players on the various items that exist in Crossfire.
If you are interested purely in the mechanics of Crossfire please visit the Sworn Book of Scorn instead.
After you have picked up items, you will want to know about their properties.
To inspect an item simply click on it with the left mouse button. New players will want to know more about the items they pick up as some items may have magical properties or cursed (negative attributes and difficult to take off).
New players should proceed to the northwestern (upper left) area of Scorn and look for the Magic Shop (magic shop).
Once inside the Magic Shop, you'll see the following: an altar (altar) for the detect magic spell, an altar (altar) for the detect curse spell, a table (id table) for the identify spell, a sign (sign) listing the store's inventory, a special teleporter (shop mat) for entering the buy/sell area, and the entrance/exit (oak door) back to Scorn.
The first thing to do is make use of the detect magic (altar) and detect curse altars (altar).
Now, enter the shop via the special teleporter (shop mat). Once inside the buy/sell area, any item that is dropped will be considered sold - immediately! Even if you drop an item by accident, it is considered sold. If you want it back, you will have to purchase it. Also, the money obtained for selling items is automatically added to your inventory.
Gems - not always necessary, depends on the number of magical items you have found and need to be identified Now, exit the buy/sell area and proceed to the blue table in the lower corner. This is the identify table and it has a very different function when compared to the detect curse and detect magic altars. The 20gp required only identifies one item in your inventory - the top most (unidentified item) whether or not it's magical, cursed or normal.
Activating the identify table (id table) is similar to the other altars.
Position your character so they are standing directly on top of the identify table Drop the necessary coins by right clicking on them in your inventory window. Note: a combination of any coin value may be used, as long as it all equals 20gp; like 200 silver coins. The identify spell will be applied to the top-most, unidentified item in your inventory. Note: if you drop the equivalent of 40gp, then two items will be identified; 60gp for three items, and so on. The message window will show the full stats of the identified item(s). If all items are identified, you will see the message: You have nothing that needs identifying Remember - pick up any left over change when you are done using the altars and table.
Exit the Scorn Magic Shop and proceed to the east to the Armour Shop (armour shop).
Check the store inventory sign See if there is body armour that is at least +1 (of course, +2 would be better, you might not be able to afford anything +3) Find that armour in the shop in the buy/sell area Compare AC, Armour and weight values - is it an improvement over your existing armour? Armour Class: What modification is applied to the wearer's AC, which relates to how protected the character is from being hit by any attack. High values are better. A low AC value (even negative) are better. Armour: What modification is applied to the wearer's Armour, which relates to wow much damage will be subtracted from successful hits made upon the character. This value ranges between 0 to 99%. High values are better. Weight: How heavy the object is. The heavier the object, the more likely the wearer will experience arcane spell failure. This also has an effect on the wearer's movement and attack speed. Low values are better. Check and see if you can afford it (price is based on your Charisma score) If you can - buy it; if not, move on to the next item Depending on how much money you have left over, see if you can afford the following: a shield a helmet gauntlets If you still have any money left over, and your class or race allows you to wield a weapon - consider upgrading it. Exit the Scorn Armour Shop and proceed to the west to the Weapon Shop (weapon shop).
See if there are any weapons that are at least +1 (of course, +2 would be better, you might not be able to afford anything +3) Locate this weapon in the buy/sell area of the store Compare the Damage, Weapon Speed and Weight values - is it an improvement over your existing armour? Damage: The number of Hit Points subtracted from the target's total Hit Points per successful melee strike. High values are better. Weapon Speed: Influences attack speed or rate. Low values are better. Weight: How heavy the object is. The heavier the object, the more likely the wearer will experience arcane spell failure. This also has an effect on the wearer's movement and attack speed. Low values are better. Check and see if you can afford it (price is based on your Charisma score) If you can - buy it; if not, move on to the next item With your new equipment ready - head to the Newbie Tower.
Find a scroll of identify and apply it.
Characters with sorcery can cast the spells detect magic, detect curse and identify .
Characters can detect magic and curse if they have the requisite skills detect magic and detect curse.
alchemy store armour shop general store magic shop weapon store You can find equipment for sale at easily recognizable buildings. To buy an item just pick it up and walk out of the building by stepping on a shop mat shop mat. The cost of the item will automatically be deducted from your money gold coin platinum coin silver coin. To sell an item, enter the shop and drop the item on the shop floor. Money from the sale will automatically be placed in your inventory. Use the examine command, or the cursor and left button of the mouse to examine the price of an item before you buy or sell.
Most items will have a value based on their "standard" cost multiplied by a factor based on your charisma (see table primary stat effects). You can never look good enough that you can buy stuff then sell it at a profit.
Gems will always be sold or bought 3% more or less their standard value. For magic stuff value is 3 *(magic)^3 of standard value. Unidentified items value is 2/3 of standard.
It is not possible to steal from shops (sorry!). If you somehow make it out of a shop with "unpaid" items, you will find that they will be unusable until paid for. On another note, if you save yourself with unpaid items in a shop, then crash the game and reload, you will find that the unpaid items will not be saved.
book book hymnal tome This is how players can obtain magical spells, sometimes a player can learn the spell, other times they cannot. The chance depends on the type of spell, either INT (incantations) or WIS (prayers) is used to help determine the percentage chance that the spell might be learned (see section learning a spell for details).
Compendiums on monsters. Their powers/abilities are described as in the spoiler. Compendiums of incantations/prayers by spell Path. Higher level texts are more complete in their description of available spells. "Bibles:" various aspects, properties, and characteristics of a God/cult are described. Higher level texts have more/better information. Compendiums explaining the powers of magic items. Higher level texts have more items detailed. Alchemical Formulae. Other randomly generated information. Book level is assigned when the book is generated as treasure. Level is based on the difficulty of the map the book is generated on. All information is server specific.
scroll scroll report potion of charisma potion potion of constitution potion of dexterity potion potion potion of healing potion of heroism improvement potion potion of intelligence potion of invulnerability potion potion of power potion of strength potion of wisdom tear Most of these items provide a one-shot use of a spell without making the user expend either mana or grace. Scroll use depends on the user's literacy skill and may fail. Potions always work, but are more expensive to buy. Several kinds of items are classed as "potions:" balms, figurines, and dusts. Some potions don't cast spells, but instead raise the drinker's stats. Beware of cursed potions. They can lower your stats instead!
staff wand heavy rod light rod horn horn These items provide use of spells. Wands have a limited number of charges, while horns and rods will recharge, but don't fire as much damage in a small amount of time. Horns are used at the overall level of ability of the user, while rods and wands cast spells at the item level.
ring ring ring Many different types, rings can be worn to add/remove different immunities, gain/lose spell Paths and alter all types of stats.
apple popcorn loaf cabbage cake carrot chocolate clover orc chop coffee dead neko food fish mint mushroom onion orange pear potato roast bird waybread root red rose white rose weasel arm ant egg corpse corpse orc chop demon head dragon steak dragon wing ectoplasm big eye dragon eye eyes finger foot goblin head hand hands head heart icor stinger wing leg liver pixie wing residue serpent skin skin tongue tooth These items provide sustenance. Food is generally more healthy to eat, while some flesh items can be sold for good cash. Both types may temporarily alter your stats, and/or be poisonous. Many flesh items inherit the properties of the monster they came from. For example, a "poisonous" monster will leave behind poisonous flesh. Don't eat it if you know what's good for you!!
glowing crystal Glowing crystals store some number of spellpoints - default is approximately 500, but this can be customized on a crystal by crystal basis, so some could have fewer, some could have more.
The character has successfully learned the praying skill The character has chosen a race or class that starts with the praying skill The character has a holy symbol applied However, if a character has the praying skill and a holy symbol in their inventory (even if it is _not_ applied) they will automatically apply the holy symbol when a prayer is cast. The reason for this is so all characters can take advantage of the special effects of certain holy symbols like attuned: summoning, etc.
Any new talismans picked up will be used when casting spells. This means the last talisman picked up will be the one that is used. If the character has multiple talismans in their inventory, the talisman used after saving then rejoining the game will not be the same talisman used prior to the save.
Enchantment of armour is achieved with the enchant armour scrollscrolls. Each time you successfully use a scroll, you will add a plus value, more armour to the piece of equipment and some fractional amount of weight.
(ie, Improve Strength requires strength potions).
The number of potions needed is the sum of all the abilities the weapon presently gives multiplied by 2.
The ability will then be increased by 1 point.
then 8 potions would be needed to raise any stat by one point.
But if the sword was Int +2, Str +2, and Wis -2, then only 4 potions.
A minimum of 2 potions will be always needed.
- you can only use a weapon that has 5 + 1 enchantments for every 5 levels of physique experience you possess.
So, a character with 10th level in the physique experience category may only be able to use a weapon with a maximum of 7 enchantments!


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Consumer/Interview/
Alvar Pet: "Petcare incumbents haven't reacted to sustainability challenges"
The Helsinki-based startup has found an uncatered space in environmentally-conscious dog owners.
By Maija Palmer 22 October 2020
Sorare scores four-year deal with Premier League
By Amy O'Brien 30 January 2023
Helsinki-based Alvar Pet recently raised €1m from Finnish and Swedish investors, including Finland's Maki.VC. The startup launched its service in April, offering eco-friendly dogfood, delivered directly to the customer's door. The idea is to create a range of zero-emission meals by making sustainable choices in every step of the operational chain, such as substituting conventional dog food ingredients for Nordic ingredients such as Baltic herring, faba beans and oats. The service launched in April in Finland and the team now has plans to expand to Sweden and Germany.
The founding team comes with previous pet care experience. Ilari Haataja, cofounder and CEO, was previously at EQT Partners and a board member at Nordic pet supply retailer Musti Group. Cofounder Henna Söderholm, meanwhile, previously worked in R&D at global dog food company Royal Canin.
Sifted caught up with Haataja about the fundraising and future plans.
What first inspired you to start a pet food business?
The pet industry is one of the rare areas where incumbents have not reacted to sustainability challenges that the industry is increasingly causing. Quite the opposite actually, increasing pet ownership (more puppies than babies are born in developed countries), premiumisation and pet humanisation are themes actively pushed by the market leaders – often, if not always, neglecting the environmental impact they are causing. For example, many brands these days produce "human-grade" dog food, which is environmentally disastrous. In countries with high pet ownership rates, roughly ¼ of animal protein is consumed by dogs and cats.
"Many brands these days produce "human-grade" dog food, which is environmentally disastrous."
Being dog owners ourselves in the founder group, we felt that these topics should be addressed and we founded Alvar with the mission to minimise the carbon pawprint. We started addressing the pawprint impact of food consumption that accounts over 50% of the emissions.
Another interesting part in the industry is the structurally un-optimised way to serve the customer. Long value chains with many middlemen result in poor customer (dog) understanding and lack of feedback loop.
This lack of up-to-date customer understanding paired with outsourced R&D leads to rigidity. We felt that in-house R&D together with strong customer and marketing capabilities would position us where we want to be: ahead of the curve.
What has been the hardest part about setting up the business?
Finding partners who meet the requirements we are looking for. Too often we find ourselves in a situation where suppliers are not able to offer environmentally-friendly off-the-shelf solutions.
Packaging is a great example and we had to postpone our treat portfolio launch with two months to find a recyclable solution we were happy with.
"We had to postpone our treat portfolio launch with two months to find a recyclable solution we were happy with."
The majority of dog food's emissions trace to ingredient choices, and finding the right sources to sustainable ingredients has proven to be a challenge. For example, we've swapped from beef and rice to wild Baltic sea herring and Nordic oats.
The other hard part is the lack of transparency to the original material source we demand. The pet industry lags behind in regulation and you still regularly run into ingredient lists with terms like "animal-derived ingredients", with no further information.
What has been the most surprising thing you have learned about the market?
Fundamentally dog food is one of the most predictable subscription-like categories out there. But we still find ourselves educating the market about the benefits of recurring purchase models people are not yet used to.
Alvar pet recently received some VC funding. How easy or difficult was it to find investors to back the company?
Pet sector investments are a great fit for most VCs as the industry enjoys strong growth and is heading towards disruption. It was quite easy to get investors on the line (actually all contacts were purely inbound).
Did your investors have any experience of investing in petcare before? Did you have to do a lot to educate them about this market?
Some of our angel investors have experience working in the pet tech sector. For others, as sustainability topics and pet tech are fairly new in the market we had to do a lot of education. The market itself is quite easy to understand and unit economics were easy to explain.
How many investors did you pitch to before you got funding?
We talked to roughly 15 VC investors during the latest funding round and were lucky enough to get to choose an investor that had value-adding thoughts on sustainability, tech and brand building.
What advice would you give to other pet care startups about how to present this sector to investors?
In pet tech, just like in every other industry, an attractive, growing market alone will not cut it. Investors will want to understand what truly makes you stand out and challenge the global giants who dominate the market.
"An attractive, growing market alone will not cut it. Investors want to understand what makes you stand out."
Startups should always have the competitive edge in speed-to-market, and your organisation should be structured to enable that.
Unlike in many other startup sectors, customers are extremely passionate about pet brands and the products you sell. Emotionally, it's a high-involvement category for many. Understand your most valuable customers and leverage word-of-mouth to fight against marketing cost inflation.
What other options did you consider for financing? Could you have bootstrapped or crowdfunded instead? Was there a specific reason you decided VC funding was the best route?
If we had not decided to have our own R&D it would have been possible to move ahead with more limited funding. But since our target was to have our first product developed in-house, we needed a sizeable pre-seed angel round. That enabled us, for example, to get market feedback.
What will you use the money for?
After the latest funding round we have been expanding our portfolio beyond dry food and are actively building capabilities for international expansion.
Pet sitting sites challenged by Covid and alternative sharing model
By Serena Tarling
Hoping for a pet tech unicorn
By Maija Palmer
Chicken robots, fitbits for horses, connected cows — here's what's going on in animal tech


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Category Archives: Orexin, Non-Selective
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a range of malignancies involving B-cells, T-cells, natural killer (NK)-cells, epithelial cells and smooth muscle
July 9, 2021 Alvin Harris
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a range of malignancies involving B-cells, T-cells, natural killer (NK)-cells, epithelial cells and smooth muscle. approaches with other immune-modulating modalities. Given the recent advances and renewed interest in cell therapy, we hope that EBVSTs will become an integral part of our treatment armamentarium against EBV-positive malignancies in the near future. 1. INTRODUCTION Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a range of malignancies involving B-cells, T-cells, natural killer (NK)-cells, epithelial cells and smooth muscle. All of these are associated with the latent life cycles of EBV, but the pattern of latency-associated viral antigens expressed in tumor cells depends on the type of tumor. True latency (no expression of viral antigens) is found only in normal memory B-cells and never in EBV-associated malignancies. The viral antigens expressed in EBV-positive tumors provide target antigens for immune based therapies and T-cells specific for each of the latency-associated antigens have been detected in patients with malignancies, GSK2973980A as well as in healthy individuals (Figure 1). Therefore even tumors, such as Burkitts lymphoma (BL) and gastric carcinoma (GC) that express only EBNA1 and BARF1 (type 1 latency) can, in principal, be targeted by T-cells. Malignancies such as B-, T- and NK-cell lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) express additional, more immunogenic target antigens, LMP1 and LMP2, a pattern termed type 2 latency. Type 3 latency involves the expression of all latency-associated antigens and adds EBNAs ?2, ?3a, ?3b, ?3c and -LP to the range of viral antigens that can be targeted. This highly immunogenic form of latency is observed only in patients who are severely immunosuppressed for example by stem cell or solid organ transplantation, congenital immunodeficiency or HIV infection. All healthy seropositive individuals and most patients carry a broad repertoire of T-cells specific for a range of EBV latency antigens that can be reactivated and expanded ex vivo for therapeutic use. The frequency of T-cells specific for EBV early lytic cycle antigens is usually higher than for the latency antigens,1;2 and while these T-cells likely GSK2973980A control virus spread by killing lytically infected cells before they can release infectious, their role, if any, in the control of malignancies is unknown. Open in a separate window Figure 1 Immunogenicity of EBV-positive tumors according to latencyFor details see text. EBNAs: EBNAs ?2, ?3a, ?3b, and ?3c; LMPs: LMP1 and LMP2. EBV-specific T cells (EBVSTs) have had outstanding success for the treatment of immunogenic type 3 latency, and infusion of donor-derived EBVSTs in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients rapidly restores EBV-specific immunity. EBVSTs are less effective in type 2 malignancies that develop in immune competent hosts because these have developed sophisticated immune evasion strategies. However, EBVSTs have produced CRs in patients with locoregional NPC3 and prolonged overall survival in a larger group of patients with more extensive disease.4 Responses in type 2 latency lymphoma were achieved by only focusing T-cells on the type 2 latency antigens, but such T-cells produce tumor responses in over 70% of patients and complete responses (CRs) in over 50%.5C7 However, to ensure clinical efficacy in all patients, additional strategies will be required to overcome tumor immune evasion strategies and enable T-cell expansion and continued anti-tumor function after infusion.8 Gene-modifications of EBVSTs may be used to provide intrinsic resistance to inhibitory molecules, to express growth-promoting genes or to provide additional specificity for stromal cells. Alternatively EBVSTs may be combined GSK2973980A with other immunomodulatory agents, such as checkpoint inhibitors or vaccines. There are many advantages to the use of EBVSTs for the treatment of EBV-associated malignancies, not least of which their lack of short or long-term toxicities demonstrated in hundreds of patients who continue with their normal lives GSK2973980A during and after therapy. Further, a single infusion of a small dose of T-cells can proliferate exponentially in the patient, eliminate tumors, enter the memory compartment and provide life-long anti-tumor immunity. While previously thought to be a boutique therapy available only in Institutions with specialized cell culture facilities, recent successes of gene-modified T-cells in more common malignancies9C12 have RAC2 captured the interest of the pharmaceutical industry which is now bringing T-cell therapies to a wider patient population. Other chapters have discussed the different malignancies associated with EBV (Chapters in book section Viral Associated Diseases), their complex patterns of gene expression and the functions of the latency-associated genes (Chapters in book section EBV Latency). For the purpose of.
Supplementary MaterialsOnline Reference 1: (AVI 3337?kb) 12035_2017_565_MOESM1_ESM
April 27, 2021 Alvin Harris
Supplementary MaterialsOnline Reference 1: (AVI 3337?kb) 12035_2017_565_MOESM1_ESM. cells cultured as neurospheres and pull-down for RhoA. Furthermore, CS-impaired cell migration in vitro induced the formation of large mature adhesions and altered cell protrusion dynamics. ROCK inhibition restored migration in vitro as well as decreased adhesion size. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0565-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. test by the use of Prism v5.0 software (GraphPad Software, USA). Statistical significance was set at at 100?m. b NSC cultured as neurospheres were plated on laminin?+?CS with or without the NgR inhibitor NEP1C40. CS inhibits NSC migration and decreases the distance traveled by the cells. In the presence of NEP1C40, NSC migrated longer distances (at 200?m (Color physique online) To assess how CS impairs NSC migration in Rabbit Polyclonal to Granzyme B vitro, SVZ-derived NSC cultured as floating neurospheres were plated on laminin?+?CS, which induces an inhibitory substrate for neurite growth, and treated with NEP1C40, a Nogo-66(1C40) antagonist peptide which blocks signaling CA-074 through Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1). NgR1 is usually implicated as a functional receptor for MAIs (myelin-associated inhibitors) [31, 32] and recently characterized as receptor for CSPG expressed by neurons [15]. NSC derived from neurospheres plated on laminin?+?CS and treated with 10?M NEP1C40 migrated longer distances (average 180?m) when compared to NSC plated on laminin?+?CS without NEP1C40 treatment (common 60?m) (Fig. ?(Fig.1b).1b). These data suggest NgR1 as a CS receptor which mediates impairment of NSC migration. CS Inhibits NSC Migration and Decreases Migration Speed In Vitro In order to elucidate how CS might influence NSC migration and to evaluate NSC migratory behavior in response to CS, neurospheres were plated on laminin only, a permissive substrate, or on laminin?+?CS and measured migration distance and velocity. When adhered to laminin, cells migrate out of the neurosphere, and in contrast, NSC migration was greatly inhibited when neurospheres were plated on laminin?+?CS in comparison to laminin alone (Fig. ?(Fig.2a;2a; at 200?m. Number of neurospheres analyzed: laminin?=?17; CS?=?10. b NSC were plated as single cells, and images were captured every 5?min for 18?h. Cells are represented as and the migration routes as lines 1 and 5 and 16?h after start. at 20?m. c Quantification of migration from start to finish from NSC plated as single cells for 18?h represented on Fig. 2b (*distance, time. at 200?m (Color physique online) Based on the observation that CS inhibited NSC migration in vivo and in vitro, we wondered whether CS also affected the velocity of migrating cells. Neurospheres were dissociated and NSC were plated as single cells on laminin?+?CS covered glass bottom plates. Images were acquired at 5-min intervals for 18?h. NSC migrating on laminin?+?CS migrated less length than those on laminin (in 20?m. c, d Cells had been nucleofected with GFP-paxillin CA-074 and plated on laminin or laminin?+?CS, and images were captured using TIRF microscope. CS induced development of bigger and elongated adhesions on NSC in comparison with laminin (***at 6?m. Amount of adhesions analyzed: laminin?=?77; CS?=?71 To judge adhesion dynamics and formation, NSC expressing paxillin-GFP were imaged using TIRF microscopy 40?min after plating on laminin or laminin?+?CS. Forty percent from the adhesions made by NSC plated CA-074 on laminin matured into steady adhesions, and adhesions had been productive with energetic turnover, whereas CS marketed the forming of huge elongated and steady adhesions in around 57% from the adhesions close to the cell industry leading, and adhesions provided no turnover, assemble and disassemble (Fig. ?(Fig.3c,3c, online and d Assets 3 and 4). All together, these data claim that CS induces the creation of steady adhesions and protrusions, which inhibits NSC migration and spreading. RhoA Mediates CS Inhibitory Results on NSC Migration Indicators from ECM and soluble elements regulate NSC migration, & most of these.
The enterotoxin (BFT), a virulence factor of enterotoxigenic (ETBF), interacts with intestinal epithelial cells and will provoke signals that creates mucosal inflammation
The enterotoxin (BFT), a virulence factor of enterotoxigenic (ETBF), interacts with intestinal epithelial cells and will provoke signals that creates mucosal inflammation. those early after stimulation. Suppression of -catenin resulted in increased Crystal violet NF-B activity and interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in BFT-stimulated cells. However, suppression or enhancement of -catenin expression neither altered the phosphorylated IB kinase / complex nor activated activator protein 1 signals. Furthermore, inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 was associated with increased -catenin expression and attenuated NF-B activity and IL-8 expression in BFT-exposed cells. These findings suggest the unfavorable regulation of NF-B-mediated inflammatory responses by -catenin in intestinal epithelial cells stimulated with BFT, resulting in attenuation of acute inflammation in ETBF contamination. (ETBF) is usually associated with intestinal diseases, such as colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer (1,C3). The important cause of these diseases is known to be the enterotoxin produced by ETBF strains (2, 4). Exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to enterotoxin (BFT) rapidly activates nuclear transcriptional factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) and activator protein 1 (AP-1), leading to the release of proinflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) (5,C8). We previously found that the activated signals of NF-B and AP-1 in BFT-exposed intestinal epithelial cells gradually decline after exposure (5,C8). Therefore, it is possible that some factors Crystal violet may modulate the activities of transcriptional factors in BFT-exposed cells and contribute to the regulation of enteric inflammation. Although ETBF strains are considered enteric pathogens, clinical studies have revealed that in many cases of contamination, bacteria alone are present without symptoms of enteritis (4, 8, 9). Therefore, it is believed that some unfavorable regulatory signals for enteric inflammation might be induced Crystal violet after intestinal epithelial cells are exposed to BFT derived from ETBF. In the present study, we propose that altered expression of -catenin is usually one of these regulatory signals. -Catenin is usually a member of the Wnt/-catenin pathway, which regulates various Crystal violet cellular processes, such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and development, as well as intercellular adhesion (10,C12). In the absence of extracellular Wnt ligands, the canonical Wnt/-catenin pathway is usually inactive (Wnt-off state) and -catenin is usually maintained at low levels in the cytoplasm due to its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The -catenin destruction complex is usually formed by the scaffold protein axin, adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and casein kinase I isoform (CK1). In this complex, -catenin is certainly phosphorylated on the N-terminal area (initial at Ser45 by CK1 and at Ser33, Ser37, and Thr41 by GSK-3), accompanied by polyubiquitination and following degradation with the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated pathway (13, 14). In intercellular adhesion, -catenin localizes towards the plasma membrane, performing being a bridge between E-cadherin and cytoskeleton-associated actin to create adherent junctions between cells (13). BFT is certainly a metalloprotease and will destroy the restricted junctions in the intestinal epithelium by cleaving E-cadherin, leading to the discharge of -catenin and the increased loss of restricted junctions (2, 15, 16). In the perspective of scientific findings connected with ETBF infections, these results can lead to the leakage from the intestinal hurdle as well as the diarrhea that are characteristically seen in ETBF infections (15, 16). Nevertheless, the function of -catenin being a mobile signaling intermediate in the induction of proinflammatory replies by BFT is not clarified. NF-B is certainly a dimeric transcription aspect made up of heterodimers or homodimers of Rel protein, of which a couple of Crystal violet five family in mammalian cells (i.e., RelA [p65], c-Rel, Rel B, NF-B1 [p50], and NF-B2 [p52]) (6, 17). We previously confirmed that BFT induces p65 and p50 heterodimers in intestinal epithelial cells (6 mainly, 18). These NF-B dimers are kept in the cytoplasm within an inactive condition by physical relationship with IB protein. Therefore, IB is certainly a poor regulator of NF-B Mouse monoclonal to CD95(Biotin) signaling. In the framework of enteric irritation, the legislation of -catenin.
Supplementary MaterialsImage_1
Supplementary MaterialsImage_1. Tiadinil Latin America (Fortes et al., 2011; Martinez, 2015) Broad-spectrum treatment options for these diseases is restricted to drugs from a few chemical families acting primarily against membrane and cell wall targets, such as azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins (Nett and Andes, 2016). Other antifungal classes such as the pyrimidine analog flucytosine and ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting allylamines have much Tiadinil narrower spectra (Sable et al., 2008; Fuentefria et al., 2018). Price and availability in the developing world are a major concern for several of these drugs, as is the increase in resistance (Sable et al., 2008; Chang et al., 2017). There is thus a dire need for new and effective antifungal drugs, an area of research and technological development in which some advances have been made (Del Poeta and Casadevall, 2012). In a previous work from our group (Abadio et al., 2011), we recognized potential targets for antifungals using comparative genomics. We recognized ten genes as high-priority targets using several criteria, such as that the target genes should be (a) present in most or all of the most important pathogenic fungi, (b) absent from (or significantly different in) the human Tiadinil genome, (c) essential or important for the survival of the fungi of interest, and (d) located in a part of the fungal cell that's available to antifungal agencies. Among these genes is certainly (Abadio et al., 2011) and (Missall and Lodge, 2005). Due to the fact immune system dysfunctions are regular in situations of intrusive mycoses, antibodies may be beneficial because they might enhance the inhibition of the mark a second healing system: immunomodulation (Kullberg et al., 2014; Rodrigues et al., 2016). The aim of this ongoing function, after that, was to validate TRR1 being a focus on for antibody advancement. We discovered that this proteins is normally immunogenic extremely, provides conserved epitopes and will be within the cell wall structure, which suggest it might be an effective immunotherapy target. Materials and Strategies Microbial Strains and Lifestyle BL21 (DE3) and DH5 strains had been grown up in LB moderate at 37C and conserved with 50% of LB and 50% of glycerol at ?80C. Fungal strains H99 (stress Pb01 was preserved by passing every seven days in Fava-Netto moderate; cells had been collected for tests at 5 times after passaging. Mammalian Cell Lifestyle and Proteins Extraction Individual embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells (Gibco) had been thawed and cultured in Freestyle F17 appearance moderate (Gibco) at 37C, 5% CO2. For total proteins extraction, cells had been pelleted at 200 genes had been codon-optimized and synthesized by two different businesses chemically, Epoch Genscript and Biolabs. In both full cases, the genes had been cloned in to the BL21 DE3 to create the recombinant protein, that have been induced with 0.25 mM IPTG when cultures had been at optical densities between 0.4 and 0.6. These were purified by affinity chromatography on HisPurTM Cobalt Chromatography Cartridges (Thermo Fisher), with imidazole elution. Proteins preparations had been examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Bio-Rad), focused by ultrafiltration (Millipore CentriprepTM) and quantified by spectrophotometry. For a few tests we utilized as detrimental control an unrelated also, his-tagged recombinant proteins that was ready within a different task (Moura et al., manuscript in planning). This proteins (HSP90) was created, purified, focused, and quantified with an identical technique. Murine Immunization Five sets of someone to three pets each had Tiadinil been separated based on the condition from the immunization: (1) Control, injected just with PBS in Tiadinil adjuvant. (2) Pets immunized just with TRR1. (3) Pets immunized just with TRR1. (4) Pets immunized Rabbit Polyclonal to LRG1 just with TRR1. (5) Pets immunized sequentially with TRR1 in the three different types (C C had been extracted from FungiDB (Basenko et al., 2018), whereas their individual homolog was extracted from UniProt. A Clustal Omega position of these (Amount 1) displays three locations with reasonable deviation among the various fungal types interspersed with extremely conserved locations. TRR1 proteins from your three varieties are between 63 and 76% identical among each other, but have only 21 to 24% identity with the human being thioredoxin reductase. Genes encoding each of the TRR1 proteins were chemically synthesized and cloned in pET21 vectors for heterologous manifestation in from were chemically synthesized and cloned into bacterial manifestation vectors. After transformation in and induction, the recombinant TRR1 proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and examined by SDS-PAGE. Immunization With TRR1 Protein Generate Great Titers of Cross-Reactive Antibodies We utilized the purified recombinant TRR1 protein to immunize mice in various strategies. Originally, one group was immunized with just recombinant TRR1 proteins, another with just TRR1 from and another.
Supplementary MaterialsS1 RECORD checklist: (DOCX) pmed
September 20, 2020 Alvin Harris
Supplementary MaterialsS1 RECORD checklist: (DOCX) pmed. contains information of over 15 million sufferers. We assessed sufferers from THIN aged 50 years who received at least two consecutive prescriptions for an antidepressant between January 2000 Eperisone and January 2017. We likened the chance of dementia among sufferers who were recommended trazodone compared to that of sufferers with equivalent baseline characteristics recommended various other antidepressants, utilizing a Cox regression model with 1:5 TSPAN4 propensity rating matching. Patients recommended trazodone who fulfilled the inclusion requirements (n = 4,716; 59.2% feminine) were older (mean age 70.9 13.1 versus 65.6 11.4 years) and were much more likely than those prescribed various other antidepressants (n = 420,280; 59.7% female) to possess cerebrovascular disease and use anxiolytic or antipsychotic medications. After propensity rating complementing, 4,596 users of trazadone and 22,980 users of various other antidepressants had been analysed. The median time for you to dementia diagnosis for folks recommended trazodone was 1.8 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 0.5C5.0 years). Occurrence of dementia among sufferers acquiring trazodone was greater than in matched up users of various other antidepressants (1.8 versus 1.1 per 100 person-years), using Eperisone a threat ratio (HR) of just one 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56C2.09; 0.001). Nevertheless, our results usually do not recommend a causal association. Whenever we limited the control group to users of mirtazapine just in a awareness analysis, the findings were nearly the same as the full total results of the primary analysis. The main restriction of our research is the chance for indication bias, because people in the prodromal stage of dementia may be prescribed trazodone preferentially. Because of the observational character of the scholarly research, we cannot eliminate residual confounding. Conclusions Within this scholarly research of UK population-based digital wellness information, zero association was present by us between trazodone make use of and a lower life expectancy threat of dementia weighed against various other antidepressants. These results claim that the scientific usage of trazodone isn't associated with a lower life expectancy threat of dementia. Writer overview As to why was this scholarly research done? Dementia is an evergrowing health concern world-wide without disease-modifying treatment obtainable. Latest in pet and vitro research have got recommended that trazodone, an authorized antidepressant, may be neuroprotective against dementia. No research have got evaluated the effects of trazodone on dementia in humans in clinical settings. What did the researchers do and find? We searched main care electronic health records from The Health Improvement Network to identify patients aged 50 years who received at least two consecutive prescriptions for an antidepressant between January 2000 and January 2017 in the UK. The risk of dementia among 4,716 users of trazodone was compared Eperisone to the risk of 420,280 users Eperisone of other antidepressants with comparable baseline characteristics, using a Cox regression model with 1:5 propensity score matching. The incidence of dementia in people prescribed trazodone was higher than in matched antidepressant users (1.8 versus 1.1 per 100 person-years), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.56C2.09). The median time to dementia diagnosis for users of trazodone was 1.8 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 0.5C5.0 years). What do these findings imply? In this large, UK population-based study, we found no association between trazodone use and a reduced risk of dementia compared with other antidepressants. Trazodone users experienced an early onset of dementia, which appears to contradict the suggestions from animal studies that trazodone could quit or delay the onset Eperisone of dementia. Whilst the incidence of dementia.


All pets depend on their owners with everything they need. Their owners usually give even the basic things to them. These include foods, shelter and pet meds. About pet meds, we can purchase them at our local pets office or at the local retail store, but sometimes we don't have time to finding the best product or can not find the one our pet recommends.
But remember, purchasing pet meds online is different that buying them at your vet's office or local retail store, because sometimes you don't have a long time to wait, you animal needs the medications now.Also be sure to get in exacts timeframe for went the pet meds will be delivered. Get them to guarantee it in writing if you can, heck, if you are saving a lot you can't even afford to get the super fast shipping. Think about it's because your animal needs the medicine now.
You do need to be careful though, just as you do went shopping for your own pet meds. The ones that you choose should be from a reputable manufacturer. Don't go with cheap pet meds just because they are cheap, go with them because you now they are worth a lot but you are getting a good price on them. Your goal should be to find the best quality pet meds for a fraction of what you would pay from the pet.The pet size is important to note since it is easy for advertisers to draw you in with an attractive pet meds price. However, this may not be the best value for your situation if you own a large (example cat) or perhaps even multiple cats. The point is to compare price across a consistent grade in order to find the best discounts.
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I want to order Program for my cat as cheaply as possible. She won't eat canned food so I have to get her the chewable flavored tablets. I have looked at several websites and there are just so many and all are very expensive (though some are a few dollars cheaper than others). What site do you use? (incase I missed one) The vets in my area do not carry it.
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The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between level of personality organization and type of personality disorder as assessed with the categories in the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM; PDM Task Force, 2006) and the emotional responses of treating clinicians. We asked 148 Italian clinicians to assess 1 of their adult patients in treatment for personality disorders with the Psychodiagnostic Chart (PDC; Gordon & Bornstein, 2012) and the Personality Diagnostic Prototype (PDP; Gazzillo, Lingiardi, & Del Corno, 2012) and to complete the Therapist Response Questionnaire (TRQ; Betan, Heim, Zittel-Conklin, & Westen, 2005). The patients' level of overall personality pathology was positively associated with helpless and overwhelmed responses in clinicians and negatively associated with positive emotional responses. A parental and disengaged response was associated with the depressive, anxious, and dependent personality disorders; an exclusively parental response with the phobic personality disorder; and a parental and criticized response with narcissistic disorder. Dissociative disorder evoked a helpless and parental response in the treating clinicians whereas somatizing disorder elicited a disengaged reaction. An overwhelmed and disengaged response was associated with sadistic and masochistic personality disorders, with the latter also associated with a parental and hostile/criticized reaction; an exclusively overwhelmed response with psychopathic patients; and a helpless response with paranoid patients. Finally, patients with histrionic personality disorder evoked an overwhelmed and sexualized response in their clinicians whereas there was no specific emotional reaction associated with the schizoid and the obsessive-compulsive disorders. Clinical implications of these findings were discussed.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We try to not take ourselves too seriously, but we are serious about good wine and think there are some crackers found right on our doorstep.
At KarriBindi our aim has always been to produce premium quality wine grapes. From this fruit, our objective is to produce limited quantities of premium estate grown wines.
Our award-winning wines reflect the essence of our sublime natural environment and the unique microclimate of the southern Margaret River wine growing region.


Can I get Mortgage for second home | Could I get a mortgage for a second home?
It is important to be sure that you can afford to repay both mortgages from your income. What is the best way to apply for a mortgage in Spain? Plus, if it is your second home and you are still on the mortgage when the property is sold, there may be capital gains tax (CGT) liabilities. The purchase of a property can be the biggest decision in our lives. Q.
Can I obtain financing for construction work and conversions?
According to the endowment, four out of 10 grown-ups have no assets at all, compared to 35% in 2000.
According to the endowment, four out of 10 grown-ups have no fortune at all, compared to 35% in 2000. In addition, the study showed that the mean value of asset holdings in these homes rose by 20% in actual value between 2000-2002 and 2012-14 - from £125,000 to £150,000. No matter if you buy a new house, a new business or an asset, L&C can help you - and you don't need to worry about paying a commission for their consulting.
Reviewees have denounced the government's new home policies as a "replacement home allowance", expressing concern that the mortgage bond can be used by affluent individuals to buy second home. A £130 billion mortgage loan facility was part of the core Help to Buy programme launched Wednesday as part of George Osborne's "Aspiration" budgetary package.
Thursday, the opponents made the programme the core of their attack on the set of policies, with Democratic Prime Minister Ed Balls contrast ing it with a discrete policies to take home subsidies from welfare housebuilding households, which are regarded as excess spaces. "Of what I can see, the goverment essentially says that if you have a free room in a welfare home, you will pay a bed tax," said Balls.
"If you want a free house and you can buy it, we'll help you buy one. "Osborne seemed at first to admit, during a confused period of time, that he could not be sure that the mortgage bonds would not be misused to buy second home, although he did insist that this was not the intent.
" Meanwhile at noon, Construction Secretary Mark Prisk seemed to insult Labour's allegation, saying that to be eligible for the Help to Buy programme, purchasers would have to make a legally binding statement that they would sell their current home. Thursday afternoons the Treasury Department affirmed that the statutory statement applies only to the other part of the Help to Buy programme, under which purchasers can obtain interest-free credit for up to 20% of the value of a new building valued at up to £600,000.
Rather, the Treasury said that consultations with creditors on the particulars of the mortgage guaranty system would be used to find a way to discourage purchasers from using state aid to buy second home. Difficulties were emphasised by jurists who noted that the wish voiced by the authorities to make the system so easy that it would not prohibit a parent or grandparent from assisting a younger member of the household to stand up or climb up a residential ladder could be a pitfall.
"They' trying to say that there are "good" renditions of the purchase of a second house and "bad" renditions. When you buy a vacation home in Norfolk, it's a poor one. When you help your grandkids, it's a good version," said Giles Peaker, a real estate and government attorney with Anthony Gold attorneys.
" A sketch of the Help to Buy approved by the Ministry of Finance only says that a mortgage is required to qualify for the guarantee: - Be a home mortgage and do not buy for rent. - Become a redemption mortgage and not just an interest rate. They also criticized that the system could drive up what many believe is already inflated housing costs - one of the main causes for bankers to demand 20%-30% deposit rates, which the Registrar said he wanted to help home shoppers pay for.
"I am concerned that a system in which you give a mortgage without raising the bid will result in wealth pricing inflammation, because obviously if the bid amount stays the same and you make the loan lighter, the trend would be for higher rates. "Prisk also rejected this and insisted that the household also included housing promotion activities, which included 150,000 affordability housing schemes and an increased funding for property developer to build real estate for hire.
"Buying help is terrible enough for itself alone, but opening it to second home shoppers would really put brine in the sores of Generation Rent. So the only thing that really helps first-time purchasers is for home prices to drop back to an accessible level. What is more, the only thing that really helps first-time purchasers is for home prices to drop back to an accessible level. 4. Moving public indebtedness into the residential property markets will further tighten home rates.


We truly believe in the human-animal bond and work hard to nurture that bond. We want our patients to live happy and healthy lives. We know the best way to ensure this is by offering great care.
Here at Providence Animal Hospital and Pet Resort, we strive to give our patients and their owners the very best in veterinary care. We work hard to make sure we offer the most up-to-date veterinary services available to keep your pets as healthy as possible. We will do everything we can to help you whenever your pets are not feeling well.
You should expect nothing but the best from us, and we strive to give you the very best. We appreciate your business and look forward to serving you and your pets with smiles on our faces.
If you have any questions about our practice or would like to schedule an examination for your pets, please call us today at (615) 553-2221.
I just moved here from out of state and needed to find a great vet for my best buddy Chance. I had originally started checking out another vet but was immediately turned off by the rude receptionist. After doing some more research I found Providence Animal Hospital. The service is great from the moment you walk in the door, the staff is all very welcoming! Chance saw Dr. Smith and she was great. We really liked her and the vet techs. Everyone was very genuine and you could tell they love what they do. Can't wait to continue Chance's care with Dr. Smith!
My dog had to have major surgery on Thursday. The way Dr Hollis handled it all was unbelievably over the top. If you want good care for your fur baby, this is the place to go.
Dr. Hollis has educated me about my cat's health. He is very caring. Our cat is a difficult patient and he always has a smile on his face and goes out of his way to comfort our cat and me too! Thank you for taking good care of Hemingway. I highly recommend Providence Animal Hospital for all or your veterinary needs.
Dr Hollis has done more research on nutrition and health than any other vet I've came across. He keeps his practice updated based on literature. When my pup had significant GI issues I had a vet tell me he didn't know what was wrong because dogs "should be able to eat anything." But thanks to Dr Hollis' recommendation I put my pup on a higher quality food and everything literally stopped overnight. My only regret was not putting him on better food in the first place.
I can't say enough great things about Dr Hollis and the entire staff. My dog Nash actually loves going to the vet ! They worked to get me in today despite being booked up already. I always recommend them to all my friends and will continue to do so. Ps Nash says thanks for the visit and is feeling much better already .
I can't say enough good things about this place. We've taken our dogs here since they opened, and they've always been super sweet and great to work with. Our precious Boney was very sick a few nights ago, and at last minute they took their time even at closing to make sure we felt their support as we had to put him down. Everyone there was beyond sweet, and made sure we felt comfortable. I can't begin to put into words how they made us feel during such a sad time. I will always recommend them to anyone! Loving staff who truly love what they do!
i cannot say enough kind things about Dr Hollis and his staff. they went above and beyond for my family today. while we are still incredibly heartbroken from today's events, Dr Hollis and his crew did everything they could to accommodate us and make our boy comfortable during his final moments. we cannot say thank you enough for everything they did for us!!!
We had to take one of our family dogs today to have him put down. Dr. Hollis, Nicki and Merry we are wonderful. They made one of the hardest days a little easier. We brought him home with us after to bury with our other fur babies that have passed and they put him in a little coffin and gave us an ink print of his paw. Thank you so much for everything. We love bringing our pets there.
Dr. Hollis and his staff absolutely care about my pets! They are a loving group of people towards both animals and humans alike! Dr. Hollis has been our veterinarian for the last 15 years and we would not go anywhere else. He uses state of the art equipment and collaborates with a network of other veterinarians so I always know my pets are in the best hands possible! I have also used the Providence boarding facility and they cared for my pets as I would. We love this place!
We have experienced it all with Dr. Hollis and his crew, and the care and quality of service is unmatched. We had excellent help from them when each of our old dogs were dying, and they gave joy filled advice and service when a new puppy was brought home. Such sweet and sad moments shared with this group of caregivers. I am grateful they are in our community.


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» Climate Dynamics
The Observed Mean Circulation
Last Updated on Wed, 04 Jul 2018 | Climate Dynamics
The global pattern of mean flow at the surface of the ocean is plotted in Fig. 9.13, where the names of the major current systems are also given. The colors separate the circulation patterns into tropical (pink), subtropical (yellow), and subpolar (blue) regimes (inspired by the dynamical discussion to be developed in Chapter 10). Because the detailed patterns are difficult to discern on this global map, regional circulations in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian
Oceans are also shown in Figs. 9.14,9.15, and 9.16, respectively, with the annual-mean SST superimposed. Note the tiny vector on the bottom right of these plots, which represents a current of 10 cms-1; ocean currents are typically 100 times smaller than atmospheric winds. These maps are based on surface drifter data6 that have been smoothed to aid visual presentation in vector form.
Despite the richness of the structures revealed in these data, on close inspection clear patterns emerge. The flow is dominated by closed circulation patterns known as "gyres," which are particularly pronounced in the northern hemisphere, where all zonal flow is blocked by coasts. In the subtropics of the northern hemisphere there are anticyclonic gyres, known as subtropical gyres (yellow shading in Fig. 9.13, with eastward flow in middle latitudes—the North Pacific and North Atlantic Currents—and westward flow in the tropics—the North Equatorial Currents of the Pacific and Atlantic. Typical current speeds in the interior of the gyres are < 10 cm s-1 (see Fig. 9.22, top). At the western edge of these subtropical gyres, there are strong, poleward currents reaching speeds > 100cms-1, the Kuroshio in the North Pacific Ocean and the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean, as is evident in Figs. 9.14 and 9.15. These swift currents flow northward along the coasts from the tropics, turn into the interior at about 40° latitude, and then spread eastward across the ocean basin. This east-west asymmetry is perhaps the most striking aspect of the observed current system; all intense boundary currents are on the western, rather than the eastern, boundaries of ocean gyres. The interior extensions of these boundary currents are evident in the thermal structure at the ocean surface, most obviously in the strong temperature gradients near the western boundaries of the
6Most surface drifters providing these data consist of a spherical surface float tethered to a cylindrical cloth tube hanging below with holes in it, centered at a depth of 15 m. Within the float is a radio transmitter allowing it to be located through Doppler ranging by satellite. The drifters can survive for 450 days or so. For a more complete description, see Niiler (2001).
FIGURE 9.13. Major surface currents observed in the global ocean, with the names of key current systems marked. The colors separate the circulation patterns into tropical (pink), subtropical (yellow), and subpolar (blue) regimes based on the pattern of zero wind-curl lines shown in Fig. 10.11 (see Section 10.1.3). Data courtesy of Maximenko and Niiler (personal communication, 2003).
FIGURE 9.14. Major surface currents observed in the Pacific Ocean from surface drifters with annual-mean SST superimposed. The vector at the bottom right represents a current of 10 cms-1. Data courtesy of Maximenko and Niiler (personal communication, 2003).
middle-latitude oceans and in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current of the southern hemisphere.
In the polar regions of the north Pacific and Atlantic basins there are cyclonic gyres, known as subpolar gyres (blue shading in Fig. 9.13), with southward flowing western boundary currents: the Oyashio Current in the Pacific, the Labrador Current in the Atlantic. Again we observe no intense eastern boundary currents. As discussed earlier, and in more detail in Chapter 11, the northern margin of the subpolar gyres in the Atlantic Ocean—in the Labrador and Greenland Seas—are favoured sites of deep-reaching convection.
In the tropics (pink shading in Fig. 9.13) we observe strong zonal flows in each basin, running eastward just north of the equator and counter to the prevailing winds! (See, for example, Fig. 7.28, middle panel.) The Equatorial Counter Currents very evident in Fig. 9.14 have, on either side of them, strong North and South Equatorial Currents flowing westwards. Somewhat weaker meridional temperature gradients are found in the tropics than in higher latitudes, but significant zonal temperature gradients exist along the equator. The interaction between the atmosphere and ocean in the tropical Pacific, which leads to variability of the coupled system known as
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Russian ISP Akado plans to launch its broadband services in South Africa and Mozambique. Russian company Renova, the controlling shareholder of Akado, signed a letter of intent on the issue with the operator Afritel.
The number of daily Internet users in Russia has amounted 43% or 50.1 million people, reports the Public Opinion Fund, based on its research for the period of winter 2012-2013.
March 14 the company Microsoft has presented a language pack in the Tatar language for its last operation system Windows 8 in Kazan, Tatar Republic, announced the company.
Russian free classified ads website Avito.ru is to merge with Slando.ru and OLX.ru, reports Avito Holding.
Sharp smartphones have come to the Russian market. MTS, the largest mobile operator and retail network in Russia, has become the first to announce the sales start of Japanese smartphones, is reported in MTS press-release.
Yandex, a large Russian Internet company, launches Yandex.Store, an app store for devices on the platform Android. The application offers more than 50 000 programs and a convenient search for its users.
Leading personal computer maker Lenovo has announced its entry into the Russian smartphone market. Russia has become the first European country, where Lenovo launches its smartphones.
Yandex, a Russian Internet company which operates the largest search engine in Russia, plans to work out its own web and mobile browser.