text:
Neighbourhood Welcome
From 2001 to 2010, our young family moved ten times for my husband's work. Twice we moved to different countries, four times to different cities, ten times to different neighbourhoods.
The first of these moves was from my husband's hometown, where the same handful of families had lived for two or three generations. We moved to Hamilton, New Zealand, where we knew one Malaysian couple.
A Pakeha lady from a local church baked a batch of biscuits and gave them to us in a reusable plastic container, with a note. For some reason, the only thing that I remember about the note was that we could keep the container.
Perhaps it was because there is a kind of leanness to a new home. Every cup, pot, and plate has been brought over or acquired, not accumulated the way stuff naturally aggregates when you live in one place for a long time.
Our new neighbourhood in New Zealand as seen from our driveway.
Our house was newly-built and unfenced. It was hard to keep the children penned in while I was hanging out the laundry. Once, when my back was turned, they stumbled on their chubby legs down the slope. Fortunately, our new neighbour, Maria, who had very short hair and very long nails spotted them and asked, 'Does your mother know where you are?'
As a result of my husband's work, we moved from Hamilton, to Tauranga, and back to Hamilton again. This time, we moved into an old log-cabin-styled home. Some time after we had settled in, we noticed a new family moving into the row of units to our right. Having grown up in multi-cultural Malaysia, I instinctively avoided any welcome gift containing pork or beef, and baked them a cake.
After knocking, I waited, anticipation laced with nervousness. The door opened and I saw a grey-haired lady in a kurtha, an old man in a turban, and, I think, young children. The parents of the children were out. When I left, the cake was still in my hands. They didn't eat eggs.
Seven house moves later, we introduced ourselves to all our neighbours, bearing a gift of Bracegirdles handmade chocolates. The Japanese lady two doors from us exclaimed, 'Oh, in Japan, the new people introduce themselves. You're doing this Japanese style'.
Welcome card from my Japanese neighbour
A few days later, we retrieved this card from our letter box. Our Japanese neighbour had given us her phone number and the names of all the members of her family, in English and Japanese script. She also wrote these words: 'I'm sure you've found the best Door to your life in Adelaide…If you need any help, we are here'.
We have now lived in this neighbourhood for over seven years. In this time, two neighbours have passed away, one has been involved in a motor accident and recovered, and one has had a baby. Our families have not known each other for generations, but we are not strangers either. We have some shared history, some shared memories. It's sparse, but it's something.
In my book, Island of Refuge, I interviewed Iraqi playwright, Sabah. He and his family fled Baqubah in 2003, applied for asylum in Jordan, and arrived in Adelaide in 2006. The family has lived here since. At the close of the last interview, he said,
'Man belongs to his memories. Iraq was my home and I lived there a long time. My imagination is linked to those memories. I realise of course that if I had a chance to go back I will find that things have changed and I will have a shock. But still, this is the missing link in my life. In Iraq, I lived with people who shared my memories, people who knew us: Sabah the writer, Lamia, the actress; here, nobody knows us.'
Sabah and his family in Adelaide.
Perhaps knowing and being known is the essence of belonging. It's nice when neighbours reach out to the newcomer, but if they don't, there's nothing to stop the newcomer from reaching out.
After ten house moves, here is my checklist for the nurture of neighbourliness:
If in doubt, give fruit.
Give without expecting anything in return. (After all, I once received golden Anzacs without saying thank you properly. At various times, I have attributed this to the chaos of moving, the busyness of motherhood and the lack of knowledge of local etiquette; these are all excuses.)
Concentrate when the new neighbours say their names. (Can't count the number of times I've forgotten the crucial point of introductions. Might have something to do with the nervousness when meeting new people.)
Once out of sight, write those names down in a safe place.
In time, as opportunities present themselves, offer neighbourly courtesies: pick up the mail and wheel in the bin and water the plants when they go away, exchange phone numbers, return stray children.
I would love to hear about your neighbourhood: how you've been welcomed, or how you welcomed new neighbours. Feel free to leave a comment. Email address will not be posted or shared.
Next week: Laundry on Life (or where we hang our laundry says a lot about our attitudes to privacy).
Laundry on Life: thoughts on privacy and friendship
Parenting 101: Babies Grow Up
Never refuse chocolate
2 replies to "Neighbourhood Welcome"
Rosemary Cadden
Loved this piece. I think it's a great way to get the reader thinking of their own story.
The Curious Scribbler
Thanks, Rosemary.
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text:
Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol. 8 (9), pp. 203-208, 2018
ISSN: 2276-7770; ICV: 6.15
Copyright ©2018, the copyright of this article is retained by the author(s)
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2018.9.052316096
http://gjournals.org/GJAS
Influence of Agricultural Extension Delivery on Adoption of Fruit Crop Technologies: A Case Study of Ogbomoso Mango Production
ALAMU O.1, OSEWA S.O.1 and SANGOTEGBE N.S.2
Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 203-208, 2018
1Extension and Linkages Department, National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology PMB 5382 Moor Plantation Ibadan, Nigeria.
2Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria.
DOI: 10.15580/GJAS.2018.9.052316096
Influence of the agricultural extension delivery on the adoption of mango production technologies in Oyo State was evaluated. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information in the study areas.Ten (10) respondents were randomly selected from each of the eight villages in the Zone. Socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and the level of adoption were also determined. Result of the analysis revealed that majority (90%) of the respondents are married and of Christian faith (78.8%). A majority (87.5%) of the respondents specialized in crop farming. They admitted having had contact with extension agents and low level of adoption of the disseminated technologies. Majority (78.8%) of the respondents involved in the cultivation of Ogbomoso mango. The test of hypotheses showed that there was no significant relationship between educational attainment and the adoption of technological innovation (r= 7.041, p= 0.317). However, there was a significant relationship between the farming experience of the respondents and the adoption of the technological innovation (r= 13.054, p= 0.042).
Alamu O.
E-mail: bisialamu @gmail.com
mango, adoption, innovation, cultivation, incentives
The need for food sufficiency and agricultural development in rural areas is one of the dominant issues in today's world. Effective and efficient agricultural extension delivery system is quintessential to agricultural and rural development in a developing economy such as Nigeria. Arokoyo (1998) observed that Training and Visit system of extension introduced into the World Bank-assisted Agricultural Development Programmes (ADPs) had replaced the ineffective extension services of the erstwhile Ministries of Agriculture with greater outputs in Nigeria. However, the Agricultural Development Programmes (ADPs) in Nigeria have shown concrete proofs of its worth as a successful programe of agricultural transformation through a revitalized agricultural extension effort (World Bank, 1995; Adebayo and Idowu ,2000).
Nigeria is blessed with vast plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) including several fruit bearing tree crops with food and nutrition security potentials (FAO, 2008). Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees and belongs to the family Anacardiaceae .Mango spread rapidly throughout the tropics where it is grown for its fruit and as a shade and ornamental tree. It is known to be among the most nutritious fruits. Each variety of mango is distinct from others in colour and flavour and therefore, varies in its suitability in processing into different products like juices and chutney (Raemeaekers, 2001).However, in most parts of Nigeria, Ogbomoso mango is a popular cultivar sought genotype primarily for its fruit flesh quality. This genotype of mango faces post harvest losses of up to 50% due to the high relative humidity, temperature and poor handling techniques and facilities (Awoh and Olorunda, 1981).
The sustainable production of fruit tree crops in sub Sahara Africa depends on access to inputs, production knowledge and a virile agricultural extension delivery system. Failure of the various extension delivery approaches in developing countries to effectively engineer significant and sustainable agricultural growth has become a major concern to all stakeholders, including the donor community.
Concerns on the inefficient extension delivery have been fueled lately by the wave of pluralism, market liberalization and globalization sweeping across the world and giving rise to initiatives that will enhance efficiency and effectiveness of not only the sub-components of extension delivery but the entire system of technology generation, dissemination and use. Oyebanji (1994) observed that the performance of the extension services since the inception of this professional system has been encouraging. He noted that extension contacts with farmers have increased, while several technologies have been disseminated and adopted by farmers. However, Mijindadi (1992) reported that some prevailing problems existed and limited the effectiveness of the extension system. The problems include but not limited to insufficient funding at state level, inadequate availability of inputs, poor logistics support, and inadequate staffing. Consequent of the nutritional importance and economic importance of mango as an important fruit and export crop, there is the urgent need to evaluate the production chain vis-a – vis adoption of production and management technologies for sustainability. The objective of this study was to investigate the adoption of disseminated technologies related to mango production in the Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Oyo State.
The study was carried out in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria. The zone consists of five local government areas namely; Ogbomoso North, Ogbomoso South, Ogo- Oluwa, Surulere and Oriire Local Governments. The population of the study comprises all registered farmers with the Oyo State Agricultural Development Programme (OYSADEP) in the study area. Multistage random sampling procedure was used to select the respondents. At the first stage, four of the five local government areas in Ogbomoso Zone were purposely selected. Second stage involves the random selection of two villages in each local government area making a total of eight (8) villages. The last stage involves random selection of ten (10) farmers from each village making a total of eighty farmers (80). Data collected was analyzed with Chi –square.
Demographic characteristics of the respondents
Data from Table 1 showed that many (90%) of the respondents were married while 8.8 and 1.3% were single and widowed respectively. 78.8% were Christians, while 21.3% were of Muslims faith respectively. Household size implies the total number of people staying under a roof and being fed. More than half (56.3%) of the respondents have between 4-6 household, 25% have between 7-9 household, 2.5% have between 10 and above household, while 2.5% did not declare their household size. A higher number of children is an indication of family wealth in rural areas and this is in line with Ekong (2003) that majority of farmers marry more than one (1) wife for economic reasons.
Table 1: Demographic characteristics of the respondents
No formal education
Primary occupation
Farming experience (years)
Above 10 years
Source: Field survey, 2013
Education is an important factor influencing the adoption of agricultural innovations. Data from Table 1 indicated that over half (67.6%) of the respondents had some form of formal education, while 32.5% had no formal education. This implied that learned and educated people are involved in fruit crops production, which is in support of Solomon (2008) who noted that the majority of present day farmers had some formal education. High literacy among the respondents may facilitate the rate of adoption of innovations that are related to fruit crops production. Majority (87.5%) of the respondents engaged in farming as primary occupation, while12.5% engages in other occupations as primary occupation. This indicates that some of the farmers engaged in crop farming than other farming in the study area. Most (67.5%) of the respondents have more than 10 years of farming experience, 18.8% have between 7-10 farming experience, while 13.8% have been in farming for less than 7 years. If 1-10years is classified as low farming tenure, then almost 70% of the respondents had high farming tenure.
Table 2 shows that most (87.5%) of the respondents specialized in crop farming, 26.3% also specialized in agro forestry, while only 6.3% specialize in both poultry and integrated farming. This means that majority of the farmers in the study area are crop farmers.
Table 2: Respondents' area of agricultural enterprises
Crop farming
Agro forestry
Source: Field survey, 2013 ⃰ Multiple responses
Respondents' contact with extension contact
The results in Table 3 shows that most (97.5%) of the respondents admitted having had contact with extension agents. This may be due to the locations of most them which tend to be more accessible to the extension agents than other villages.
Table 3: Contact with extension agents
Frequency of respondents' contact with extension agents
Table 4 shows that most (92.5%) of the respondents admitted having had contact with extension agents on an unscheduled time i.e. anytime, 3.8% had contact with extension agents once in a year, while 1.3 had contact once weekly, monthly and quarterly. A majority (91.3%) of the respondents admitted that the agents had visited to disseminate technological information, 53.8% admitted they had visited to provide farm management guidance, while no respondent indicated the visit as marketing of farmers produce. However, 97.5% responded that frequent contact with extension agents can help them to gain access to extension information and services.
Table 4: Frequency of respondents' contact with extension agents
Technology dissemination and adoption
Almost half (47.5%) of the respondents were aware of the disseminated technologies on pest and diseases management but about only 20% adopted it . About 45% of the respondents were aware of the dissemination of technologies on improved seedlings but only about 15% adopted it. Only 16.3% of the respondents were aware of the technologies disseminated on rehabilitation techniques and a few 7.5% adopted it. However, it was observed that 38.8 % of the population adopted technology on fire tracing. This was probably attributed to the devastating effects of forest fires on fruits trees and the need to proffer pragmatic solution to this.
Table 5: Technology dissemination and adoption
Soil/site selection
Fertilizer regime
Improved seedlings
Plant density
Fire tracing
Post harvest processing
Field establishment
Methods of extension delivery
A majority (72.5%) of the respondents stated that the method of extension delivery used for dissemination of improved technologies was group method, 27.5% stated that the adopted method was individual method, while none of the respondent indicated the use of mass method.
Table 6: Methods of extension delivery
Sources of information available to the respondents
The result of the analysis revealed that majority (75%) of the respondents consulted agricultural extension agents to find solution when they have production problems, 31.3% of them discussed their farming problems with fellow farmers , while only 6.3% often go to Ministry of Agriculture and community leaders to get their problem solved.
Table 7: Respondents' sources of information
Farmers organizations
Fellow farmers
Mango variety cultivated
Majority (78.8%) of the respondents involved in the cultivation of Ogbomosho mango, 65% of them cultivated Cherry Ogbomoso. 35% of them cultivated Jekanoyo, while only 10% of them involved in the cultivation of Olori palaba.
Table 8: Distribution of mango variety cultivated
Ogbomosho mango
Cherry Ogbomosho
Cherry oyo
Baafin
Olori palaba
Jekanoyo
Olomi
Source: Field survey, 2013 * Multiple response
Testing of hypotheses
Hypothesis one (Ho1): There is no significant relationship between educational attainment of the respondents and the adoption of technological innovation. Result in Table 9 shows that there is no significant relationship between educational attainment and the adoption of technological innovations (r= 7.041, p= 0.317). Thus, the null hypothesis is accepted. This indicated that adoption of technological innovations has nothing to do with the education of the respondents.
Table 9: Chi-square test indicating relationship between educational attainment, farming experience and their relationship between adoption of technological innovations
Accept H0
Reject H0
p>0.05= NS, P< 0.05= S
Hypothesis one (Ho2): There is no significant relationship between the years of farming experience of the respondents and the adoption of technological innovation. Table 9 shows that there is a significant relationship between the years of the farming experience of the respondents and adoption of the technological innovation (r= 13.054, p= 0.042). Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This implied that years of farming experience has perceived effect on the adoption of technological innovation.
It is concluded that majority of the respondents are married and of Christian faith. More than half of them have between 4-6 members per household. The result shows that over half of respondents had some form of formal education. Majority of the respondents engaged in farming as primary occupation, while they have more than 10 years of farming experience. Most of them specialize in crop farming, while they admitted having contact with extension agents on an unscheduled time. Almost half of the respondents are aware of the disseminated technologies on pest and disease management. Generally, there was low level in the adoption of technologies disseminated through extension delivery in the Zone. The farmers agreed that group method of extension delivery is the most commonly used extension method for dissemination of improved technologies. Majority of the respondents consulted extension agents to find solution when they have farming problems. Thus, this study emphasized the pivotal roles of extension delivery services of Agricultural Development Programmes (ADP's) to the development of agricultural sector in Oyo State and Nigeria in general. Based on the conclusion of this study, the following recommendations are made:
1. Youth should be encouraged to be actively involved in farming by providing incentives to them.
2. Ministry of Agriculture should be advised to create more awareness or avenue for farmers visit in order to bring their problems for solution.
Adebayo, K. and Idowu,T. A. (2000).The aftermath of the withdrawal of the World Bank counterpart funding for the Ogun State Agricultural Development Programme in Nigeria, Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol. 17(2/3) pp. 79-93.
Arokoyo, T. (1998). Agricultural Technology Development and Dissemination: A Case of Ghana and Nigeria Experiences. Technical Center for Agriculture and Rural Cooperation, Wageningen.
Aworh, O.C. and Olorunda, A.O. (1981). Post- harvest losses of perishable fruits and vegetables in Nigeria.Proceedings of the National Conference of Agriculture. Port Harcourt 3–8 May,1981.
Ekong, E.E. (2003). An introduction to Rural Sociology, Uyo. Dov Educational Publishers, pp 201-202.
FAO (2008). State of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Nigeria. A Country Report. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 82pp
Idachaba, F.S. (2005). Agricultural and Rural Development in Nigeria. The policy perspective. A text of convocation Lecture Delivered at K.S.U. Anyigba on 11th March 2005 pp 3 - 4.
Mijindadi, N.B. (1992). Agricultural Extension Service approaches in Africa. Emerging Issues and Lessons from Nigeria's Experiences. Paper Presented at the Conference of African Farm Management Association, Held at Harare, Zimbabwe
Oyebanji, O.O. (1994). The Development of Agricultural Extension in Nigeria, Agricultural Extension in Africa. Vol. 2. Proceedings of an International Workshop. Yaounde, Cameroun. Post Bus, AJ Wageningen. The Netherlands: Technical Centre for Agric & Rural Dev. p. 240.
Romain, H.R. (2001). Crop Production in Tropical Africa. Directorate General for International Cooperation (DGIC) Brussels, Belgium 1640 pp.
Solomon, O. (2008). Small scale oil palm farmer's perception of organic agriculture in Imo State, Nigeria, Journal of Environmental Extension. 7: 67-71.
World Bank (1995). Nigeria and the World Bank: Learning from the fast, looking to the future. The World Bank, Washington DC.
Cite this Article: Alamu O, Osewa SO and Sangotegbe NS (2018). Influence of Agricultural Extension Delivery on Adoption of Fruit Crop Technologies: A Case Study of Ogbomoso Mango Production. Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(9): 203-208, http://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2018.9.052316096.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Tag: Extreme Right
Extreme Right
New VOX-Pol Report: How Extreme is the European Far Right?
VOX-Pol is pleased to present a new report in the VOX-Pol publication series, titled How Extreme is the European Far-Right? Investigating Overlaps in the German Far-Right Scene on Twitter by Reem Ahmed and Daniela Pisoiu. The launch – in print and online – takes place at the final Lunch Briefing session on 12 November 2019…
in News European Far Right, Extreme Right, Lunch Briefing Series, Publication, Twitter, VOX-Pol Report
The Curation/Search Radicalization Spiral
By Mike Caulfield Sam prides himself on questioning conventional wisdom and subjecting claims to intellectual scrutiny. For kids today, that means Googling stuff. One might think these searches would turn up a variety of perspectives, including at least a few compelling counterarguments. One would be wrong. The Google searches flooded his developing brain with endless…
in Blog alt-right, black-on-white crime, Extreme Right, far-right, Freedom of Speech, Online radicalisation, Racism, Radicalisation, Social Media
New Zealand Attack: Why are Media Outlets Helping Terrorists?
By Nancy Jamal In the aftermath of the Christchurch attack, attention has been drawn to the role of mass media in the aftermath of such attacks, including by the UK's most senior counter-terrorism police officer, Neil Basu. Last week's Blog post also addressed responsible reporting, as does Virginie Andre's report Understanding the Impact of Terrorist Event Reporting on Countering…
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VOX-Pol and Security Distillery Symposium – Extremism: Online Networks and Offline Violence
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Fear, More Than Hate, Feeds Online Bigotry and Real-World Violence
By Adam G. Klein When a U.S. senator asked Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, "Can you define hate speech?" it was arguably the most important question that social networks face: how to identify extremism inside their communities. Hate crimes in the 21st century follow a familiar pattern in which an online tirade escalates into violent actions.…
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Tracing Transnational Linkages on Twitter: Mapping Indian Diaspora Supporters of Brexit and Trump
By Eviane Leidig A lacuna exists in the study of the radical right whereby researchers focus disproportionately on developments in Europe and North America. Yet, countries such as India, the Philippines, Turkey, and Brazil highlight how the radical right can operate, and indeed flourish, beyond the West. Our failure to incorporate these non-Western case studies poses…
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Upvoting Extremism, Part II: An Assessment of Extreme-Right Discourse on Reddit
By Tiana Gaudette, Garth Davies, and Ryan Scrivens This blog is Part II of II. Click here for Part I. This blog is the second of a two-part series that was presented at the 'VOX-Pol Conference – Violent Extremism, Terrorism, and the Internet: Present and Future Trends' in Amsterdam on 20 August 2018. Last week on…
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Upvoting Extremism, Part I: An Assessment Of Extreme Right Discourse On Reddit
By Tiana Gaudette, Garth Davies, and Ryan Scrivens This blog is the first of a two-part series; it was originally presented at the 'VOX-Pol Conference – Violent Extremism, Terrorism, and the Internet: Present and Future Trends' in Amsterdam on 20 August 2018. Like other extremist movements, right-wing extremists from across the globe have exploited the power of the…
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in Blog Australia, Extreme Right, Facebook, far-right, Racism, Violent online extremism
Technology and Regulation Must Work in Concert to Combat Hate Speech Online
By Andre Oboler Online bullying, hate and incitement are on the rise, and new approaches are needed to tackle them. As the Australian Senate conducts hearings for its Inquiry into cyberbullying, it should consider a two-pronged approach to combating the problem. First, the government should follow the lead of Germany in imposing financial penalties on major…
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NewChautauqua.org
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Adult Ed.- Healdsburg Gentrification 101, Instructor- Mr. Peter Supino, liar.
I wrote this after reading a Press Democrat article by Clark Mason
(who can be contacted at 707-521-5214 or clark.mason@pressdemocrat.com, or on Twitter @clarkmas.)
The real estate sharks (investors) called The Drake Property Group decided to grab a jewel-in-the-rough. The Prentice Apartments in Healdsburg, California. They aim to buy low, turn the tenants out, fix it up, refill it and make a killing. Their prospectus statement says they are-
"seeking 'a tenant demographic more appropriate to the refined nature of the Healdsburg community, tenants who value good design and beautiful surroundings.'"
Peter Supino, the head of Drake Property Group, states "we had no idea who was in that building" when his company issued the statement last year.
"It was a general statement, before I knew Healdsburg and knew those people. I would not repeat it."
How can this be true? The statement specifically mentions "…the refined nature of the Healdsburg community." He specifically mentions the group is "seeking a tenant demographic more appropriate…" I have to ask, more appropriate than what? Mr. Supino could only mean the current tenants, in his words, 'those people'.
Why would the head of the esteemed Drake Property Group invest in a property with tenants he didn't know, in a town that he didn't know? Isn't he responsible for researching investments? Doesn't he hold a fiduciary responsibility to his investors to have a basic clue about what he is suggesting they do with their money?
The answers are simple- He wouldn't, he is, and he does. Mr. Supino is a liar.
Mr. Supino was not challenged by Mr. Mason. Why were these simple questions not asked? Are we to expect stenography or journalism from the Press Democrat? Mr. Supino played them like a tiny violin.
There are other questions not asked by Mr. Mason, the PD's stenographer.
Who decides who is 'more appropriate to the refined nature of the Healdsburg community'?
I would venture to guess that in The Drakes Group's world, 'refined nature' = white (or not 'Those people').
Who decides how you gauge whether a tenant 'values good design and beautiful surroundings?
Again, I would venture to guess that in The Drakes Group's world, 'values good design and beautiful surroundings' = can afford double the rent (or not 'Those people').
Mr.Supino says "hopefully we can bring back a couple that were there." Who is he kidding? Did someone tell him that would be a good thing to add? Is his hope supposed to show us how benevolent the Drake Property Group is?
Another aspect of this situation barely touched by the PD stenographer is that the position of the Healdsburg City Council. Aside from some chit-chat about how difficult it is to implement rent control, there was little digging done. It seems that the Drake Property Group's plan is OK by them. But the question wasn't asked. I'm sure some on the council feel like it would be nothing but an improvement to their cute little town, a tax bonanza, a wonderful way to clean things up a bit while marginalizing the people on whose backs the town was built. But I am just as sure there are others that do not feel the same.
Stenographers write down what others say. Journalists dig into the story acting as the eyes & ears of their community. Journalists ask follow-up questions because they give a damn about what they are reporting on.
The Press Democrat gives us stenographers. Sonoma County needs journalists
This entry was posted on July 10, 2015, 6:37 pm and is filed under News, Opinion. You can follow any responses to this entry through RSS 2.0. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.
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Q: How to add items into a ListView from a List of another class How can I add items from another class to my listview in mainactivity class I really dont know. Any tips will be really valuable. :((((
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView listOfTweets;
private ArrayAdapter<String> tweetsAdapter;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    listOfTweets = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.simple_list_item_1);
    listOfTweets.setAdapter(tweetsAdapter);
    TweetUtil tu = new TweetUtil();
   //How to get list of tweets from TweetUtil here and add it in my listView here ?? ://

}
}

This is the TweetUtil class.
public class TweetUtil{
    public List<String> getTodaysTweets(){
        List<String> tweets = new ArrayList<String>();

        tweets.add("Good Morning!");
        tweets.add("How are you??");
        return tweets;
    }
}

A: You can do as below
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
listOfTweets = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview1);
// id of listview in activity_main.xml
TweetUtil tu = new TweetUtil();
List<String> list =tu.getTodaysTweets(); //get the list
tweetsAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);
listOfTweets.setAdapter(tweetsAdapter);

A: You can  broadcast here. When you get all tweets pass your arraylist to main class and fill you adapter.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
In CPU design, the use of a sum-addressed decoder (SAD) or sum-addressed memory (SAM) decoder is a method of reducing the latency of the CPU cache access and address calculation (base + offset). This is achieved by fusing the address generation sum operation with the decode operation in the cache SRAM.

Overview
The L1 data cache should usually be in the most critical CPU resource, because few things improve instructions per cycle (IPC) as directly as a larger data cache, a larger data cache takes longer to access, and pipelining the data cache makes IPC worse. One way of reducing the latency of the L1 data cache access is by fusing the address generation sum operation with the decode operation in the cache SRAM.

The address generation sum operation still must be performed, because other units in the memory pipe will use the resulting virtual address. That sum will be performed in parallel with the fused add/decode described here.

The most profitable recurrence to accelerate is a load, followed by a use of that load in a chain of integer operations leading to another load. Assuming that load results are bypassed with the same priority as integer results, then it's possible to summarize this recurrence as a load followed by another load—as if the program was following a linked list.

The rest of this page assumes an instruction set architecture (ISA) with a single addressing mode (register+offset), a virtually indexed data cache, and sign-extending loads that may be variable-width. Most RISC ISAs fit this description. In ISAs such as the Intel x86, three or four inputs are summed to generate the virtual address. Multiple-input additions can be reduced to a two-input addition with carry save adders, and the remaining problem is as described below. The critical recurrence, then, is an adder, a decoder, the SRAM word line, the SRAM bit line(s), the sense amp(s), the byte steering muxes, and the bypass muxes.

For this example, a direct-mapped 16 KB data cache which returns doubleword (8-byte) aligned values is assumed. Each line of the SRAM is 8 bytes, and there are 2048 lines, addressed by Addr[13:3]. The sum-addressed SRAM idea applies equally well to set associative caches.

Sum-addressed cache: collapse the adder and decoder
The SRAM decoder for this example has an 11-bit input, Addr[13:3], and 2048 outputs, the decoded word lines. One word line is driven high in response to each unique Addr[13:3] value.

In the simplest form of decoder, each of the 2048 lines is logically an AND gate. The 11 bits (call them A[13:3] and their complements (call them B[13:3]) are driven up the decoder. For each line, 11 bits or complements are fed into an 11-input AND gate. For instance, 1026 decimal is equal to 10000000010 binary. The function for line 1026 would be:

 wordline[1026] = A[13] & B[12] & B[11] & B[10] & B[9] & B[8] & B[7] & B[6] & B[5] & A[4] & B[3]

Both the carry chain of the adder and the decoder combine information from the entire width of the index portion of the address. Combining information across the entire width twice is redundant. A sum-addressed SRAM combines the information just once by implementing the adder and decoder together in one structure.

Recall that the SRAM is indexed with the result of an add. Call the summands R (for register) and O (for the offset to that register). The sum-addressed decoder is going to decode R+O. For each decoder line, call the line number L.

Suppose that our decoder drove both R and O over each decoder line, and each decoder line implemented:

 wordline[L] = (R+O)==L

 (R+O)==L <=> R+O-L==0
          <=> R+O+~L+1==0
          <=> R+O+~L==-1==11..1.

A set of full adders can be used to reduce R+O+~L to S+C (this is carry save addition). S+C==11..1 <=> S==~C. There will be no carries in the final add. Note that since C is a row of carries, it's shifted up one bit, so that R[13:3]+O[13:3]+~L[13:3] == {0,S[13:3]} + {C[14:4],0}

With this formulation, each row in the decoder is a set of full adders which reduce the base register, the offset, and the row number to a carry-save format, and a comparator. Most of this hardware will be proven redundant below, but for now it's simpler to think of it all existing in each row.

Ignoring the LSBs: late select on carry
The formulation above checks the entire result of an add. However, in a CPU cache decoder, the entire result of the add is a byte address, and the cache is usually indexed with a larger address, in our example, that of an 8-byte block. It is preferable to ignore a few of the LSBs of the address. However, the LSBs of the two summands can't be ignored because they may produce a carry-out which would change the doubleword addressed.

If R[13:3] and O[13:3] are added to get some index I[13:3], then the actual address Addr[13:3] is equal to either I[13:3], or I[13:3] + 1, depending on whether R[2:0]+O[2:0] generates a carry-out. Both I and I+1 can be fetched if there are two banks of SRAM, one with even addresses and one with odd. The even bank holds addresses 000xxx, 010xxx, 100xxx, 110xxx, etc., and the odd bank holds addresses 001xxx, 011xxx, 101xxx, 111xxx, etc. The carry-out from R[2:0]+O[2:0] can then be used to select the even or odd doubleword fetched later.

Note that fetching from two half-size banks of SRAM will dissipate more power than fetching from one full-size bank, as it causes more switching in the sense amps and data steering logic.

Match generation

Referring to the adjacent diagram, the even bank will fetch line 110 when I[13:3]==101 or I[13:3]==110. The odd bank will fetch line 101 when I[13:3]==100 or I[13:3]==101.

In general, the odd SRAM bank should fetch line Lo==2N+1 when either I[13:3]==2N or I[13:3]==2N+1. The two conditions can be written as:

 I[13:3] = Lo-1 =>  R[13:3] + O[13:3] + ~Lo+1 = 11..11
                =>  R[13:3] + O[13:3] + ~Lo   = 11..10
 I[13:3] = Lo   =>  R[13:3] + O[13:3] + ~Lo   = 11..11

Ignore the last digit of the compare: (S+C)[13:4]==11..1

Similarly, the even SRAM bank fetches line Le==2N when either I[13:3]==2N or I[13:3]==2N-1. The conditions are written as follows, and once again ignore the last digit of the compare.

 I[13:3] = Le-1 =>  R[13:3] + O[13:3] + ~Le = 11..10
 I[13:3] = Le   =>  R[13:3] + O[13:3] + ~Le = 11..11

Gate-level implementation
     R13 ... R6  R5  R4  R3
     O13 ... O6  O5  O4  O3
     L13 ... L6  L5  L4  L3
 --------------------------
     S13 ... S6  S5  S4  S3
 C14 C13 ... C6  C5  C4

Before collapsing redundancy between rows, review:

Each row of each decoder for each of two banks implements a set of full adders which reduce the three numbers to be added (R[13:3], O[13:3], and L) to two numbers (S[14:4] and C[13:3]). The LSB (==S[3]) is discarded. Carry out (==C[14]) is also discarded. The row matches if S[13:4] == ~C[13:4], which is &( xor(S[13:4], C[13:4])).

It is possible to partially specialize the full adders to 2-input AND, OR, XOR, and XNOR because the L input is constant. The resulting expressions are common to all lines of the decoder and can be collected at the bottom.

 S0;i   = S(Ri, Oi, 0) = Ri xor Oi
 S1;i   = S(Ri, Oi, 1) = Ri xnor Oi
 C0;i+1 = C(Ri, Oi, 0) = Ri and Oi
 C1;i+1 = C(Ri, Oi, 1) = Ri or Oi.

At each digit position, there are only two possible Si,
two possible Ci, and four possible XORs between them:

 Li=0 and Li-1=0: X0;0;i = S0;i xor C0;i = Ri xor Oi xor (Ri-1 and Oi-1)
 Li=0 and Li-1=1: X0;1;i = S0;i xor C1;i = Ri xor Oi xor (Ri-1 or Oi-1)
 Li=1 and Li-1=0: X1;0;i = S1;i xor C0;i = Ri xnor Oi xor (Ri-1 and Oi-1) = !X0;0;i
 Li=1 and Li-1=1: X1;1;i = S1;i xor C1;i = Ri xnor Oi xor (Ri-1 or Oi-1)  = !X0;1;i

One possible decoder for the example might calculate these four expressions for each of the bits 4..13, and drive all 40 wires up the decoder. Each line of the decoder would select one of the four wires for each bit, and consist of a 10-input AND.

What has been saved?
A simpler data cache path would have an adder followed by a traditional decoder. For our example cache subsystem, the critical path would be a 14-bit adder, producing true and complement values, followed by an 11-bit AND gate for each row of the decoder.

In the sum-addressed design, the final AND gate in the decoder remains, although 10 bits wide instead of 11. The adder has been replaced by a four input logical expression at each bit. The latency savings comes from the speed difference between the adder and that four input expression, a savings of perhaps three simple CMOS gates.

If the reader feels that this was an inordinate amount of brain-twisting work for a three gate improvement in a multi-cycle critical path, then the reader has a better appreciation for the level to which modern CPUs are optimized.

Further optimizations: predecode
Many decoder designs avoid high-fan-in AND gates in the decode line itself by employing a predecode stage. For instance, an 11-bit decoder might be predecoded into three groups of 4, 4, and 3 bits each. Each 3-bit group would drive 8 wires up the main decode array, each 4-bit group would drive 16 wires. The decoder line then becomes a 3-input AND gate. This reorganization can save significant implementation area and some power.

This same reorganization can be applied to the sum-addressed decoder. Each bit in the non-predecoded formulation above can be viewed as a local two-bit add. With predecoding, each predecode group is a local three, four, or even five-bit add, with the predecode groups overlapping by one bit.

Predecoding generally increases the number of wires traversing the decoder, and sum-addressed decoders generally have about twice as many wires as the equivalent simple decoder. These wires can be the limiting factor on the amount of feasible predecoding.

References
 Paul Demone has an explanation of sum-addressed caches in a realworldtech article.
 Heald et al. have a paper in ISSCC 1998 that explains what may be the original sum-addressed cache in the Ultrasparc III.
 Sum-addressed memory is described in
United States patent 5,754,819,
May 19, 1998,
Low-latency memory indexing method and structure.
Inventors: Lynch; William L. (Palo Alto, CA), Lauterbach; Gary R. (Los Altos, CA);
Assignee: Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Mountain View, CA), Filed: July 28, 1994
 At least one of the inventors named on a patent related to carry-free address decoding credits the following publication:
Evaluation of A + B = K Conditions without Carry Propagation (1992)
Jordi Cortadella, Jose M. Llaberia
IEEE Transactions on Computers,

 The following patent extends this work, to use redundant form arithmetic throughout the processor, and so avoid carry propagation overhead even in ALU operations, or when an ALU operation is bypassed into a memory address:
United States Patent 5,619,664,
Processor with architecture for improved pipelining of arithmetic instructions by forwarding redundant intermediate data forms,
awarded April 18, 1997,
Inventor: Glew; Andrew F. (Hillsboro, OR);
Assignee: Intel Corporation (Santa Clara, CA),
Appl. No.: 08/402,322, Filed: March 10, 1995

Digital circuits

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The name Amaya is a girl's name of Japanese, Basque origin meaning "night rain". Amaya is ranked #176 on our popularity charts and is often added to lists like Names That Mean Water and discussed in our forums with posts like "Baby a Day".
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20 April 2010 at 4:53 pm Adding a dimmer is difeerfnt with soldering station. Adding a dimmer is only control how much power we supply to the soldering iron, but there is no temperature feedback from the soldering iron. No matter how much heat/power we use, the supply power is still the adjusted amount. But a proper soldering station do have a temperature sensor, that feedback the current temperature of the soldering iron. So, when we use more heat, and the temperature drop, the soldering station will adjust the supply power to higher amount to keep temperature constant.


Have you ever met a person that looks exactly like someone you know? Or looks exactly like you? And in that moment, you probably thought, "Hey, we must be related"? Well, it turns out, you are not related.
No matter how different we are, and we are all different and unique persons, turns out, some of use resemble others to a point where we look like twins. And that happens in Hollywood as much as it happens in real life. I swear, on first glance I would have thought these celebrities are related. I might not know their whole family tree, but just looking at the pictures, you say, "they must be related somehow". Hate to break it to you, but they are far from related. Some of them are even from different countries in the world. With that being said, just look and gaze at the resemblance. It's spectacular.


Your application needs to be certified by your school/college and they will send the completed form to the Bus Card Section at Milton Keynes Council. If you are not in education or employment then your form can be certified by the Youth Advice & Guidance Service (part of Community Learning MK); they can be contacted on 01908 254410.
The All in 1 MK card will be sent to you within 7-10 days of receipt of your application.
If you are younger than 12 when you apply, your card will expire when you are 12. You can apply for a replacement up to two weeks before you are 12. This card will expire the day before you turn 19.
If you have a pass with an expiry date on your 16th birthday (issued at the time when the card was only available to those in full time education), your card will expire when you are 16. You can apply for a replacement from three weeks before you are 16. This card will expire the day before you turn 19.
Milton Keynes Council will not refund bus fares incurred while applications for new or replacement passes are being processed.
All in 1 MK card holders can travel within the borough of Milton Keynes on any bus, except for Stagecoach Midlands services 83, 89, X7 and X91 and some infrequent services.
You will need to show the bus driver your All in 1 MK card to receive the discounted ticket. You will need to keep the paper ticket and show it to the bus driver on each subsequent journey with you All in 1 MK card. Please note that you must present both your ticket and your All in 1 MK card, otherwise you will be asked to pay a fare before boarding.


text:
Roger Williams (born Louis Weertz, October 1, 1924), is an American popular music pianist. As of 2004, he had released 116 albums. Biography, He is the son of a Lutheran minister (Rev. Frederick J. Weertz) and a music teacher (Dorothea Bang Weertz), in Omaha, Nebraska, but before his first birthday the family moved to Des Moines, Iowa. He fir… Leer Más
Frankie Carle
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From Roger Williams
Lara's Theme
Nadia's Theme


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We are so chuffed that Reg Meuross will be hosting our Acoustic night on Saturday 7th November. This is a rare opportunity to see Reg play completely acoustically in a lovely very informal setting in our Restaurant around the fireplace.
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Last night my husband and I were awakened by the very loud howls of Coyotes.
We happened to have our bedroom windows open and we back on to Highland Gate Golf Course in Aurora.
The howling went on for about 3 minutes and was definitely a group of Coyotes.
The sound stopped as suddenly as it started and we later heard it again, but this time in the distance farther down the golf course.
We know the sounds of cats fighting and raccoons.
This was Coyotes - it sounded exactly like the above You Tube video.


text:
Public Law and Democracy in the United Kingdom and the United States of America
P. P. Craig
This book has two themes. The 'minor' theme is that the content and direction of both constitutional and administrative law are integrally related. The 'major' theme is that their nature and content can only be properly understood against the background political theory which a society actually espouses, or against such a background which a particular commentator believes a society should espouse. The book brings the fruits of writings in political science and political theory to bear on the issues of public law. A critical examination of the centralist democratic views of Dicey is followed by ... More
This book has two themes. The 'minor' theme is that the content and direction of both constitutional and administrative law are integrally related. The 'major' theme is that their nature and content can only be properly understood against the background political theory which a society actually espouses, or against such a background which a particular commentator believes a society should espouse. The book brings the fruits of writings in political science and political theory to bear on the issues of public law. A critical examination of the centralist democratic views of Dicey is followed by an extensive discussion of a variety of pluralist theories of democracy, tracing their development in the USA from the early 20th century to their more sophisticated recent versions. A similar analysis is applied to a cross-section of English pluralists, and in all cases the discussion is followed by a criticism of the views expounded and an exploration of their implications for public law. Considerable space is devoted to the examination of Rawls' views and their implications for public law and to a discussion of Republicanism and radical participatory democracy arguments.
Keywords: constitutional law, academic law, political science, Dicey, centralist democratic views, pluralist theories, public law, Rawls, Republicanism, radical participatory democracy
Print publication date: 1991 Print ISBN-13: 9780198256373
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: March 2012 DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198256373.001.0001
Affiliations are at time of print publication.
P. P. Craig, author
Professorial Fellow in English Law, St John's College Oxford
Foundations of Public Law, Martin Loughlin (2010)
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Clarendon Law Series
2 Dicey: Unitary, Self-Correcting Democracy and Public Law
3 Pluralist Democracy, Groups, and Process: USA (I)
4 Pluralist Democracy, Groups, and Process: USA (II)
5 Pluralism, Process, and Substance: UK (I)
6 Pluralism, Process, and Substance: UK (II)
7 Constitutional Reform and Democracy: UK
8 Liberalism: The Right, The Good, and the Scope of Public Law (I)
9 Liberalism: The Right, The Good, and The Scope of Public Law (II)
10. Republicanism, Civic Virtue, and Participatory Democracy
11 Participatory Democracy: The Radical View


Ken Rockwell reviews a ton of photography equipment. He seems to know what he's talking about so I have been following his site for the last month or so. However, yesterday he had a post that drove me crazy, above and beyond his usual idiosyncrasies. It was only topped when I went to find a link to it. Turns out that he doesn't do the daily updates as individual posts, but rather updates the same page every day. So here is the link to the article in question Ken Rockwell's Updates. But you'll have to scroll down to January 6. It also looks like the link will break at the end of the month. Okay, annoying.
Back to the impetus of this post. In his update on January 6th, he asks us to "try to forget how many tens of thousands of dollar each of us threw at DLSRs last decade, and how little we have to show for it today." Digital rot, which as far as I can tell is a term he made up, is when digital technology rapidly ages and loses it value. After about two years, your DSLR is out of date and due for an update.
I remember buying my first SLR—a Nikon N70—in 1998. That same year the F100 came out and a year or two later the N80 came out. I was so fascinated with the F100, and the N80 was much much closer to the F100 so I upgraded when I could. It may not have been the sensor since it was a film camera, but there were other things that I wanted like 3d-matrix metering, better autofocus, 3 fps, etc. So it wasn't digital rot like he talks about, but there was feature rot.
Rockwell's main beef seems to be the need to replace camera bodies every two to three years. The resale value of these DSLRs falls pretty quickly. I'll only mention that the N70 I bought lost half of its retail value (not talking resale value here) within a year of my purchase. I'll also admit that I'm confused why he needs to replace his camera that often. Maybe we are looking at this from different perspectives. This past year I bought my first DSLR. I didn't even bother looking at new ones since they were well outside of my price range. I found a used D200 (released 2005) for a very reasonable price. I've been using it for about a year now and absolutely love it. It may have issues and newer cameras may have better cooler features, but the D200 does everything I want (and more!). Unless things change a lot in the next year or two, I will continue to use this body and I even bought it used. Maybe I'm missing something about his argument, but it seems to me you don't have to buy into new often.
The reason he doesn't like having to replace is because of the cost and the drop off in resale value. "[His] F4 cost me only a couple of hundred bucks in its box a couple of years ago, and it's still worth at least what [he] paid for it." He doesn't even consider the cost of film, developing, etc. I haven't spent any money on consumables since I bought my DSLR.
I don't really agree with his point, and I definitely don't agree with the his arguments. He says "I always like to get a rise out of people, and I guess at least a few of you will be hanging on to digital capture for at least a few more years." I really don't see that happening, except for getting a rise out of me.
This was frame 39 on a 36-exposure roll of film. Digital does't even go to frame 39 or even the 37th frame; when you fill your card or your buffer, you're bonked. Worse, with digital, you pay for a 4GB card, but it only holds 3.8GB. What's up with that?
He tagged this on at the end of the article and really should have left it off. Is he really complaining because a 4GB flash card which holds a couple hundred images does not hold a couple hundred plus 3? A 4 GB CF card holds more than 5 times as many photos as that "36" roll of film, even with those few extra frames.
I'll read more of your KenRockwell reviews...!


text:
Twinray
About Twinray
Desiree Irwin and Mike Poupko came together in early 2008 to form Twinray. Twinray's eclectic mix of rock, roots, pop, and blues has been described as catchy, quirky, intense and fun. While staying true to their classic roots the band manages to come across in a unique, but current way. The music is centered around Desiree's lush vocal style and Mike's indelibly creative approach to both acoustic and electric guitar. Twinray's soon to be released debut album "The Train You're On" was recorded with critically acclaimed producer/engineer Sean O'Keefe. The members of Twinray look to carry the momentum they have gained from past successes in music to their exciting new project.
Follow Twinray on
twinraymusic.com
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text:
Legacy of Thorn…
Legacy of Thorn (2014) Review
Horror Film Reviews Slasher
Cut and Slash
Some of you may be familiar with the character Thorn from my previous review of MJ Dixon's Slasher House (2012). Legacy of Thorn (LoT) takes place before the incidents in Slasher House and you could probably say that LoT explains some of the reasoning behind how Thorn ends up there.
Our tale begins in the peaceful town of Avondale.
A town of the future I suppose, in a Milton Keynes stylee.
It's February 29th 2012, a leap year. It's said that February originally had 30 days but two days were taken away by the Roman Emperor Caesar Augustus, who was just a little peeved that his month of August only had 29 days. What a diva! I myself act like a diva every February 29th waiting by the phone for ladies to call me, proposing marriage to me. Doesn't happen does it?! Sorry, I'm veering off from our film. Let me continue with what I was saying…
Thorn is on the look out for our main lead Jess. He appears to have a hidden agenda to have her by any means necessary and he doesn't care who or what stands in his way.
He will ensure that any obstacle is sliced and diced much like you would prepare a sunday roast. He has a particular hunger for young nubile cheerleader types. I couldn't help but be captivated by Jess at times when she bent down in what appeared to be shorts which are about two sizes too small for her. There was always a chance that at some point the shorts would rip and both cheeks would be displayed for all the horror world to see.
Jess and her friends have managed to evade Thorn on his last escapade 4 years earlier, but this time Thorn means business. He is not happy, no sir, and appears to have superhuman powers too, which doesn't help Jess and her friends, who do their best to stop him by any means necessary. Will Jess live to tell the tale or will she be turned into a four course meal fit for a king?
The first thing that struck a chord with me about LoT is that it's a film which makes you think about what you're watching. A lot of horror films will just pile on the gore and the scares, but LoT darts between different time lines in order to explain the basis behind Thorn and the reasoning behind his pursuit of our young heroine. I was puzzled at the American style of the school clothes that the cast were wearing, but I believe the reasoning behind this is to appeal to a mass market. If British school clothing was used by the cast it may have made them look too British to appeal to other horror markets outside of the U.K. Smart move MJ Dixon.
Director Dixon again uses clever use of lighting and colours to bring about darkness and atmosphere to the story. There appears to be a lot to explain in the film and it would have been nice in my opinion to maybe have just a little more background to Thorn's existence and the creation of Thorn as a monster. Aside from this I thoroughly enjoyed the film and would recommend it to fans of slasher movies and of course fans of Slasher House. You won't be disappointed and I honestly believe this is an improvement on Slasher House. Whilst Slasher House was confined virtually to the one set, LoT has more air to breathe and explores not only it's school setting, but outside locations and home environments too – something Slasher House didn't have the opportunity to pursue.
I would recommend watching Legacy of Thorn in the dark, with some popcorn and some sodas. It will at times have you on the edge of your seat as you wait for Thorn to appear out of nowhere and dismember another cast member. It certainly made me jump a few times.
Legacy Of Thorn can ordered via http://legacyofthorn.com/
Movie Rating:
Tags: legacy of thorn slasher house teenagers
A lot of horror films involve a lot of cutting and slashing, and so when we revived the curriculum vitae of the man known only as 'Cut and Slash' asking if he could write us some reviews, we emailed him back straight away... More
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Blood Tide (1982) Review


Seeking Zeal Convertible Sofa By Innovation Living Inc.
Watch for income when choosing Bailey Leather Sofa By Westland and Birch. Usually furnishings are put on purchase. Should you need a particular piece, you save a ton of money by patiently awaiting the cost being decreased. You might even ask your chosen Bailey Leather Sofa By Westland and Birch shop once the item will probably be noted for less money. Should you need a new furniture, try getting a single with a bit of totally protected pillows. These soft cushions last longer and can be switched regularly. If at all possible, you should obtain a sofa with easily removed includes to help you very easily rinse them. Removable includes may also be changed easily in the event you are not able to clean a spot Get Bailey Leather Sofa By Westland and Birch in the future in. At the end of this season, it is popular for retailers to have these pieces away from their showroom flooring. This can lead to some very nice sales and discounts.
Its very difficult to imagine a kitchen without some kind of club feces. In fact, bar stools have grown to be very popular that it is very difficult not to find one in a kitchen area. That is for a good reason, although, given that they permit friends, family, and other visitors to merely join you in the kitchen for a scrumptious dinner and a few excellent discussion. But purchasing the correct barstools for your kitchen area may be a little bit difficult, which is particularly the situation if you do not understand how to choose one. After all, because this is among the most used and most essential areas in the house, its only natural that you get the very best bar stools for this. Luckily, we currently did the research for you, and in the sentences below we created a summary of the top 10 bar stools you can purchase for your kitchen or club. After you evaluation this list, youll effortlessly be able to buy the correct barstools for your requirements. Lets check them out!
You cant talk about this sofa without referring to its remarkable design, sturdiness, and luxury. Should you ever needed an appropriate chair, then move quick and get yourself Rollercoaster Samuel Collection Lotion Leather Couch. You will like it. This 3 seater sofa has thoroughly clean outlines and great soft cushions. The cushions are attached to the seat and at the back. It is made of leather-based and that definitely is a sure bet that its durable. Additionally, it functions tufted back and seats that definitely contributes to its remarkable appear. More importantly, it features a springtime base that provides the required comfort and durability. Its wooden frame makes it very durable. The lengthy and also the short of it is that this couch is extraordinary in each and every aspect. You might or might not agree with this. But the only method you are able to appreciate this is to find and try it.
The Lawson could be called quintessential United states couch design. It is comfortable and simple: The boxy form is large and usually has 3 back cushions in addition to 3 seat soft cushions. The traditional Lawson also offers A taller back and container-formed cushions which have welts in the sides, as do the rear pillows. Ideal for cuddling and napping, this sofa design was created for Jones Lawson, a united states copper mineral magnate at the turn of the hundred years. He wanted a settee which was very different from the fussy Victorian styles which were typical at that time. Present versions of the Lawson may also include metal or wood contained in the hands. Most importantly, this couch style is the one that will morph its feel using the textile you choose for that furniture. The form is so versatile that it may be glamorous, magnificent, commercial, casual or formal based on your material choice.
Fluffy, overstuffed loveseat soft cushions arent your thing? This reclining loveseat from GDF has sharper, solution outlines than your traditional lying loveseat, which makes it an elegant accessory for a mid-century modern, modern, eclectic or contemporary type of house. And, at just 46.46 inches wide, it's very easy to squeeze into a smaller room, like apartments, dens or offices. Obtainable in a number of color and fabric choices, including charcoal fabric, navy fabric and slate microfiber, its easy to find the right match for your house dcor, and the sturdiness your loved ones requirements for everyday use. The days are gone of good-looking, but uncomfortable Arne Convertible Sofa you no longer have to sacrifice comfort for design. This reclining loveseat functions an oversized, gentle, luxurious-filled chair cushion with enough space for two or enough space for one to disseminate and unwind.
Much like its namesake, the camelback sofa includes a hump or possibly two that highlights the main outline of this couch style. This is a traditional design which was made popular in the 18th century by Chippendale and families who desired aristocratic, formal Ranney Convertible Sofa often opted for this style. Today, this couch design lends a more formal atmosphere to the room, particularly when padded inside a formal fabric. A more casual textile option will make it appropriate for a household space that does not require a great deal of custom. In either case, the camelback sofa has some factors that define the style. The thighs are typically exposed, the sofa doesn't have back cushions and it normally has square or folded hands.
This set of RTA couches is available in various upholstery textures. Some of them incorporate bonded leather-based, bed linen, corduroy, linen consistency, rayon. You just need to choose the correct tapestry in significance for the well balanced requirements. Obtainable supplies offer an simple-to-clean component. A attribute that implies its versatility to face up to food and drinks. The luxurious seat and back again soft cushions vote in support of a reducing-advantage appear. The sq . molded arm that begins just above them enhances the elegance. You have the conveniences and soft styles that hit your entry.
This suits you if all you need is a beautiful coach. It is designed with a flared frame and pillow top amrests inside a awesome cobblestone grey. Now, it's tough foam soft cushions which are wrapped up in in a rayon upholstery to bring about the specified comfort and ease. It features a sturdy corner blocked body that adds to the toughness. Also, feet have been in a fake wood complete. It has an remarkable grey color that matches with any decoration. Its dimensions are 89 W by 39 Deb x 40 H thus large enough to accommodate you together with your family/friends. More importantly, it arrives completely assembled. This protects the agony of having to put together the established.
This reclining loveseat requires the second spot because its a super affordable, extremely comfortable choice that can fit in with most house decorations designs. Its solid wood frame is cushioned with circles (for many springtime) and-density froth (for some soft), and padded with brownish faux leather-based that makes it an extremely-versatile piece of furniture. Add it to the person cavern for any cozy destination to view the sport (and do not worry about any spillsits vinyl furniture tends to make clean-up easy) or your family room with a few decorative toss cushions for the ideal spot to comfortable up after a long day. Actual-existence clients adore this reclining loveseat because its comfy, durable, simple to put together 1 rater even mentioned that she could put together two units within forty-five minutes! and delivery in the merchant is a breeze.
Coming in at below $300 (in addition delivery) and 56 in . wide, our wallet- and room-friendly choose is fantastic for first apartments, playrooms, dog dens or any other little areas. Simply because its upholstered with additional strong glued leather, this lying loveseat is much more resistant against stains, releases and holes. Customers explain this reclining loveseat as comfy, fashionable and a very good value. 1 rater wrote it had become probably the most comfortable pieces of furniture she is ever had, while an additional stated he couldnt have asked for more for his money. Reasonable warning, although: some reviewers said the furniture on their own loveseats took very easily. Fortunately, the manufacturer has a guarantee for components. As this loveseat has such a easy style, it can make a solid base for more personalized decorations products. Then add ornamental toss cushions or covers to up its comfortable element, and add a few pops of colour and design.
The good thing that compensates for the lost time the glory of the purchasers is its design effortlessly. Just for the feel of the upholstery, you receive a nice stylish atmosphere. It's available in wealthy strong covering, emulating as amazing official attire. While maintaining an honorable stature, the material furniture could be washed very easily. You shouldn't regret after generating a glass of consume on your nice couch. All you need is to clean the stain without end precisely if this hits the furniture. Despite the fact that great reputation accompanies treat, it's not the situation right here. This amazing sofa is fed having a shape development of wood. You're more unwilling to hear squeaks and wobbling seems.
This RTA loveseat provides different types of furniture depending on the materials. That significantly incorporates linen and velvet. Sophisticated shades, Marzipan, Stoneware-Beige and Rye-Dark brown improve the style of the sofa. Select the shading and the materials that will depend on the stylistic design of your room. Not just the shading, the fabric can also mirror the main difference in style. Ensure that the material you choose fits the theme of your room. This loveseat votes in favor of mixing the current design by having an exemplary design. It has been moved up by the hands that begin to feed the sofa. With this particular blend, you simply see enhanced comfort and stylish style when lights the patches.
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The harlequin bug is an important insect pest of cabbage and related crops in the southern half of the United States. This pest has the ability to destroy the entire crop where it is not controlled. The harlequin bug injures the host plants by sucking the sap of the plants, causing the plants to wilt, brown and die.
The harlequin bug is a southern insect ranging from the Atlantic to the Pacific coasts. This insect is rarely found north of Colorado and Pennsylvania. It first spread over the southern United States from Mexico shortly after the Civil War.
A generation of the harlequin bug requires 50 to 80 days. The life cycle consists of three stages: egg, nymph and adult. Harlequin bugs pass the winter as adults (commonly referred to as stink bugs) and true hibernation is doubtful.
Eggs: Eggs of the harlequin bug resemble tiny white kegs standing on end in a double row (Figure 1). Approximately 12 eggs are laid together in one batch, usually on the underside of the leaves of the host plant. Each egg is marked by two broad black hoops and a black spot. The eggs hatch in four to 29 days, the time varying with the temperature.
Figure 1. Eggs of the harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn). Photograph by James Castner, University of Florida.
Figure 2. Eggs and nymphs of the harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn). Photograph by Lyle Buss, University of Florida.
Nymphs: There are five or six nymphal instars that feed and grow for four to nine weeks before they are capable of mating. The head coloration of the nymphs ranges from pale orange (in first instar), darker (in second to fourth) to black (in fifth instar). Antennae of first instars are colorless and darken to black with each progressive molt. The thorax ranges from pale orange in first instars to a final pattern of scarlet, white, yellow and black in the fifth or sixth instars. The abdomen coloration progresses similarly to that of the thorax, getting showier with each progressive molt.
Figure 3. Nymph of the harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn). Photograph by James Castner, University of Florida.
Adults: The adults are gaudy red-and-black-spotted stink bugs about 9.5 mm long, with flat, shield-shaped bodies. At rest, the front pair of wings overlap and the insect's back appears to be marked with a distinct X.
Figure 4. Adult harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn). Photograph by James Castner, University of Florida.
Plants commonly attacked by the harlequin bug include such crucifers as horseradish, cabbage, cauliflower, collards, mustard, Brussels sprouts, turnip, kohlrabi and radish. In the absence of these favorite hosts, tomato, potato, eggplant, okra, bean, asparagus, beet, weeds, fruit trees and field crops may be eaten.
The harlequin bug feeds on its host plant by sucking the plant's juices. The literal "sucking-to-death" of the host plant results in wilting, browning, and eventual death. Throughout most of its range, the harlequin bug continues to feed and reproduce during the entire year. Further north, the approaching winter drives the bugs into the shelter of cabbage stalks, bunches of grass, and other rubbish. Adults are usually the only stage to survive winter conditions. During the first few warm days of spring, the adults emerge by the time the earliest garden plants are set out.
Figure 5. Feeding injury by harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn). Photograph by James Castner, University of Florida.
Cultural control. Hand-picking and destruction of the insect pests and egg masses may deter damage where low numbers of insects are found. Hand destruction of the adults in the fall and spring as they emerge from "hibernation" before they lay eggs is an effective control. This may be aided by the use of trap crops such as turnip, kale, or mustard in very early spring or late in the fall after the main crop has been harvested. Once the pests have concentrated in these areas, they can be killed by applying insecticides or by covering the trap crop with straw and burning. Trap crops should never be used unless they can be given careful attention to destroy the bugs attracted to them.
Anonymous. (Unknown). Key to bugs. Insect and Related Pests of Flowers and Foliage Plants. (17 August 2012).
Ghidiu GM. 1988. Harlequin bug. FS-Cooperative Extension Service. Rutgers University, NJ. (246) 20. ill.
Miller MC. 1971. Regulation of populations of the harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica, by egg parasites. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 6: 255-257.
Paddock FB. 1918. Studies on the harlequin bug. Experiment Station, TX. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 227.
Smith JB. 1897. The harlequin cabbage bug and the melon plant louse. Experiment Station, NJ. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 121.
Sullivan MJ, Brett HC. 1974. Resistance of commercial crucifers to the harlequin bug in the coastal plain of North Carolina. Journal of Economic Entomology 67: 262-264.
Thomas WA. 1915. The cabbage harlequin or calico bug. South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 28.
Publication Date: February 1998. Latest revision: October 2015. Reviewed September 2018.


text:
Temporary Rules Relating to the Interim Inspection Program
Lewis H. Ferguson, Board Member
I support adopting temporary rules relating for the interim inspection program for SEC registered non-public broker-dealers.
Although the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002 authorized and directed the Board to register auditors of SEC registered non-public broker-dealers, the Act did not give the PCAOB authority to inspect, set standards or engage in investigation and enforcement actions with respect to these entities. Last July, the Dodd-Frank Act extended this important authority to the PCAOB and charged the Board with setting standards for inspecting, and, if necessary, sanctioning accounting firms that audit SEC registered non-public brokers and dealers. Notably, the Dodd-Frank amendments did not prescribe a specific program of inspection of registered public accounting firms. Rather, the Dodd-Frank amendments authorized the Board to determine the specific elements of an inspection program.
The rules the Board is adopting today relating to the interim inspection program is the first step in the Board's process of creating a program specifically focused on inspecting auditors of SEC registered non-public broker-dealers.
I believe that the Board is taking a very thoughtful approach by starting with an interim inspection program to learn more about how auditors conduct audits of different types of brokers and dealers, including clearing and introducing brokers and dealers. As Michael Stevenson stated, the interim inspection program will allow the Board to assess registered public accounting firms' current compliance with laws, rules, and standards as they perform audits of brokers and dealers. It also will inform the Board's decisions about significant elements of a permanent inspection program, including whether to differentiate among classes of brokers and dealers, whether to exempt any categories of public accounting firms, and what minimum inspection frequency schedules to establish.
When the Board began its operations in 2003, the Board conducted limited inspections of the Big 4 accounting firms. The limited inspections provided invaluable information to the Board as the Board determined how to set up the permanent inspection program for registered public accounting firms that audit public companies.
The adoption of the temporary rules relating to the interim inspection program for auditors of SEC registered non-public broker dealers will provide the Board will a similar opportunity to develop an inspection program that is best suited for its oversight of auditors who audit non-public brokers and dealers.
We plan to take a careful and informed approach in establishing a permanent program that appropriately protects the public interest and the interests of investors, and we intend to look carefully at the potential costs and regulatory burdens that would be imposed on different categories of registered public accounting firms and classes of brokers and dealers. The goal is to thoughtfully and carefully analyze the information that will be gathered during the interim inspection program and to use that information to inform the Board's thinking regarding how to structure the permanent inspection program, including whether to differentiate between different classes of brokers and dealers, whether to exempt certain auditors of non-public brokers and dealers, and how frequently the auditors should be inspected.
Many of the commenters on the proposal were concerned about the inclusive scope of the interim program. I would like to note that the inclusive scope should not be construed as either foreshadowing the likely scope of a permanent program or suggesting that every broker or dealer auditor will be inspected as part of the interim program. My expectation is that we will be able to gather the necessary information to inform our consideration of a permanent inspection program without having to inspect most firms during the interim program. I believe that my fellow Board members and I will carefully consider whether there should be exemptions from the permanent program. For example, we plan to give careful consideration to whether a broker's or dealer's meaningful access to client assets is a relevant factor in determining the investor protection and public interest benefits of PCAOB oversight of the auditor of that broker or dealer. I look forward to the information that will be gathered during the interim inspection program to inform our thinking regarding how to structure the permanent inspection program of auditors that audit SEC registered non-public brokers and dealers.
As I conclude my remarks, I would like to thank the organizations and individuals who took the time to comment on the Board's proposal. Your insightful comments were of great assistance to the Board in finalizing the temporary rules. I also would like to thank Michael Stevenson and Jennifer Williams from our Office of General Counsel who worked on this project and presented the finalized temporary inspection rules for the Board's consideration today.


As business owners we're all stretched to the limit with our time. We wear so many different hats that a lot of the time we don't know whether we're coming or going!
I get it, I really do… believe it or not, I'm the same with my own business!
My days are spent working with my coaching clients, trying to come up with ways to help them be more productive as well as helping them to remove their admin headache and focus more on their paying clients.
I work with a handful of lovely coaches, and it's in my interest to use tools which not only save me time, but are also good enough for me to recommend to my clients.
In this post I'm sharing 5 tools that I use every day, which may also help you be more productive in your own business. These tools all have paid "pro" versions, however the free accounts work just as well, especially if you're a start-up and need to watch your cashflow!
This is a great tool to help manage your social media accounts, specifically scheduling your social media content. The free version allows you to manage 3 social media accounts and schedule up to 10 posts at any one time in each account.
I've used Mailchimp since starting my previous VA business in 2010 and it's come a long way from the basic newsletters it used to do for free. You now have access to landing pages, you can create a series of automated emails, segmentation of your customers/subscribers, and of course the great newsletter function. It's very easy to use and has a good knowledge base & tutorials if you get stuck.
Their free version is very basic but if that's all you want to begin with then it's ideal. It's very user-friendly and is a straightforward way of getting your clients to make an appointment with you at a time that suits you. You don't even need a website to use it as it creates a shareable link to your stand-alone scheduling page.
Canva is brilliant for creating anything visual – from social media posts, ebooks and brochures to infographics, invitations and presentations. You can upload your own pictures to use or choose any of the free ones in their gallery.
Google Drive is a free cloud storage & file synchronisation service which is accessible via your Google account. It comes with 15GB of storage and is easy to use. You can upload your own files & folders to share with others, as well as create Google Sheets, Slides and Documents – which are very much like Excel, PowerPoint and Word but with less functionality (but then it's free 🙂 )!
I know there are a lot more free tools out there that do the same as the above however these are the ones I've used for a while, both in my own business as well as my clients', so I know they work! I hope you find them as useful as I have.