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Tag Archives: Robert Goffin
"AND UNCLE TOM COBLEY (or COBLEIGH) AND ALL"
I just received this now out-of-print "Chronogical" Classics disc.
With all respect to Feather, journalist-publicist, promoter, pianist, composer, arranger of record sessions, I bought this rare item for the company he kept:
From left: Robert Goffin, Benny Carter, Louis, Feather, 1942
For me, the appeal of this now-rare disc in in sessions featuring Bobby Hackett, Leo Watson, Pete Brown, Joe Marsala, Joe Bushkin, George Wettling, Ray Biondi, Benny Carter, Billy Kyle, Hayes Alvis, Artie Shapiro, Cozy Cole, Buck Clayton, Coleman Hawkins, Oscar Pettiford, Remo Palmieri, Tiny Grimes, Jack Lesberg, Morey Feld, and two sessions featuring swinging British players. I knew far less about trumpeter / singer Dave Wilkins, reedmen Andy McDevitt and Bertie King, pianist Will Solomon, guitarist Alan Ferguson, string bassist Len Harrison, or drummer Hymie Schneider.
These musicians (with Feather on the final two selections) were presented as LEONARD FEATHER AND YE OLDE ENGLISH SWYNGE BAND, and they recorded for Decca in London on September 12, 1938.
Here's the personnel for the disc:
Listening in sequence, I discovered this side, which is now an instant favorite:
I hadn't known this traditional English folksong, obviously updated, but the parade of names is very funny and definitely 1938 hip. I'm sorry the take is so short, because the band has a good time with the simplest material. A similar band had backed Fats Waller on recordings in April. Was the idea of jamming on traditional folk material was modeled on Maxine Sullivan's 1937 hits LOCH LOMOND and ANNIE LAURIE, perhaps on Ella Logan's performances of folk songs swung, or a way for a recording company to avoid paying composer royalties. Or both.
I searched for more information about WIDDICOMBE FAIR and found this wonderful animated film, hilarious and deft both:
Here are the complete lyrics — an oral narrative too long to reprint here, the moral being caution about lending important objects / animals / possessions. But a secondary moral is that anything can swing, in the right hands.
Posted in "Thanks A Million", Bliss!, Jazz Titans, Pay Attention!, Swing You Cats!, That Was Fun!, The Real Thing, The Things We Love
Tagged Alan Ferguson, Andy McDevitt, Artie Shapiro, Benny Carter, Bertie King, Billy Kyle, Bobby Hackett, Buck Clayton, Coleman Hawkins, Cozy Cole, Dave Wilkins, Ella Logan, Fats Waller, George Wettling, Hayes Alvis, Hymie Schneider, Jack Lesberg, Jazz Lives, Joe Bushkin, Joe MArsala, Len Harrison, Leo Watson, Leonard Feather, Louis Armstrong, Maxine Sullivan, Michael Steinman, Morey Feld, Oscar Pettiford, Pete Brown, Ray Biondi, Remo Palmieri, Robert Goffin, Tiny Grimes, Widdicombe Fair, Will Solomon
"TO MY LIFE LONG BUDDY"
HORN OF PLENTY by Robert Goffin is more enthusiastic than accurate or correct — not on the same level as Louis' own autobiography or contemporary works (Max Jones, Terry Teachout, Ricky Riccardi). But here's a memorable copy I found on eBay, autographed by its subject to his pal Wild Bill Davison:
The handwriting is authentic, as are the sentiments.
Posted in "Thanks A Million", Jazz Titans, Pay Attention!, Swing You Cats!, The Real Thing, The Things We Love
Tagged autograph, biography, Ebay, HORN OF PLENTY, Jazz Lives, Louis Armstrong, Max Jones, Michael Steinman, Ricky Riccardi, Robert Goffin, Terry Teachout, Wild Bill Davison
BLANK PAGES AND SILENCES
Serious jazz scholarship (as opposed to reviews) began more than seventy years ago: early books by Robert Goffin, Hughes Panassie, Charles Delanay, Wilder Hobson, Charles Edward Smith and Frederic Ramsey come to mind, as well as essays by Ernst Ansermet, Otis Ferguson, and Roger Pryor Dodge.
In 2010, there is no scarcity of books on jazz, from musicology to polemical ideology. Biographies and autobiographies — from Armstrong to Zwerin with perhaps one hundred subjects between — the autobiographies of Buck Clayton, Sammy Price, Bob Wilber, biographies of Monk, Mingus, Holiday, Fitzgerald, Parker, Paul Desmond, Ellington. Books have been published about musicians who are still relatively obscure: Mark Miller on Herbie Nichols, Anthony Barnett on Henry Crowder.
John Chilton's studies of Bechet, Hawkins, Eldridge, and Red Allen are models of the form. Ed Berger and his father did right by Benny Carter; Ed devoted a book to George Duvivier and is working on one about Joe Wilder. My shelves are full, and I'm not listing criticism and discography.
Most of what I have noted above (with admiration) is jazz scholarship from the outside — by enthusiastic listeners who have immersed themselves in jazz. I would be the last to disparage that as an art form, as writers who do it include Martin Williams, Dan Morgenstern, Gene Lees, Chris Albertson, Frank Driggs, Nat Hentoff and two dozen others. A few musicians — rare souls — who were also fine writers: Dick Wellstood, Richard M. Sudhalter, Rex Stewart, Dick Katz.
But even given all of this, how often have jazz musicians been asked to tell their stories?
I know that there is a history of popular journalism — early on in urban Black newspapers — of getting quotations from musicians, but I wonder how many utterances that were attributed were actually spoken by the musicians themselves. Later on, one had DOWN BEAT and METRONOME, and smaller magazines — Art Hodes' THE JAZZ RECORD, here and abroad. Some of this "journalism" perpetuated the stereotype of the musician as an eccentric character who spoke an unintelligible hipster gibberish.
There are, of course, the pioneering recorded interviews of Jelly Roll Morton done in 1938 — mythic in many ways — that might be the first oral history of a jazz musician. Whether you take them as an extended piece of performance art or as first-hand narrative / reportage, they remain invaluable.
Others have attempted to let the players speak — the Oral History Project had musicians interviewing their peers and friends, Stanley Dance's series of books, the Shapiro / Hentoff HEAR ME TALKIN' TO YA, Gitler's SWING TO BOP, the diligent work of Bill Spilka, Hank O'Neal's book THE GHOSTS OF HARLEM, collections of interviews and profiles by Whitney Balliett, Peter Vacher, Max Jones. Phil Schaap has done extensive, rewarding radio interviews for forty years now. Lester Young spoke to Chris Albertson and Francois Postif. And irreplaceable video-documentaries focus on Ben Webster, Lester, Goodman, Phil Woods. Fifty years ago, Riverside Records recorded Coleman Hawkins and Lil Hardin Armstrong telling their stories.
But all of this is outweighed by the invisibility, the unheard voices of musicians.
Who thought to ask Kaiser Marshall or Walter Johnson anything after they had finished a set with the Fletcher Henderson band? Who interviewed Ivie Anderson? Allen Reuss? Jimmy Rowles? Dave McKenna? Al Cohn? Shad Collins? Barry Galbraith? Shorty Baker? Did anyone ask Denzil Best or Nick Fenton about what it was like to play at Minton's? Who spoke with Joe Smith or Joe Nanton about their experiences? George Stafford, Tiny Kahn, Nick Fatool, Dave Tough? (I know some of these figures were interviewed or analyzed by my hero Whitney Balliett, but the burden of jazz history of this sort shouldn't have to rest on one writer's shoulders.)
Granted, many stellar musicians were once anonymous sidemen and women, and the leaders of bands got all the attention. So there are more interviews of Ellington than of Johnny Hodges, more of Goodman than of Vido Musso, more of Basie than of Jack Washington. But Swing Era fans knew every member of the reed section in their favorite orchestras.
Thus claims of "obscurity" have to be taken less seriously: there was a time when Cootie Williams was nearly as well known as Jackie Robinson would be — you may substitute names you prefer in this equation of "famous jazz musician" and "famous sports figure."
I can imagine a number of reasons for musicians being ignored.
Some musicians would rather play than talk about their playing; some are even taciturn, although articulate. And sometimes even the most garrulous players are not the best interview subjects. "What was it like to play with Big Boy Smith?" one asks. "Oh, it was a ball! We had a great time!" the musician answers. The interviewer waits for more. "Do you remember any specific incidents?" "Oh, no. It was a lot of fun. We couldn't wait to get on the bandstand." And so on. I've had this happen to me with the most sophisticated players here and in Europe. They wereen't reluctant to talk, but they weren't intuitive novelists themselves.
Although cordial to outsiders, many musicians also don't see the point of discussing serious matters — like music — with them. Too much explaining. Life is short; the next set is coming soon. This does say something about the unseen wall between themselves and fans — people who don't know what it is to play, to improvise professionally, come from a different planet. Nice folks, but aliens. Even sweet-natured Bobby Hackett referred to the audience as "the enemy." "Fans" and "academics" are friendly, "critics" and "writers" might be useful, but none of them really know.
And oftentimes, musicians are ambushed by people who want to talk wishing to talk at inopportune times. A musician asked to comment on the music she's just played after a forty-five minute set may well be drained by the effort. When they're not playing, musicians talk of other subjects, including the cost of things, their most recent car repair, health care proposals. Anything is more interesting than responding to "What inspires you when you take a solo?" Some may want to be left in peace, to eat their scrambled eggs while they're somewhat hot. And who could blame them?
When some venerable musicains are finallyinterviewed when they have become venerable, they have forgotten the details. What they did forty years ago wasn't musical history, but a way of making a living. And even those who have sharp memories may not want to tell all: candor might mean losing friends or gigs. And some aren't interested in reliving their pasts: autobiographies and interviews are career-ending landmarks: what musicians do when they can no longer play. Doing beats talking and theorizing.
Others are "saving it for their book" — books that might get poublished posthumously if ever. And when musicians die, sometimes their spouse discards "all that old clutter," including letters and memorabilia. Sometimes a divorce means that possessions get thrown out, or a son or daughter believes that Papa's papers are worth millions and refuses to let anyone make money from themsee them.
Having said all that, I want to put it aside.
There were all the reasons that musicians might not want to be asked.
But so many, I have to believe, would have been delighted to tell their stories. Why weren't they?
Much comes from the earliest perception of jazz as entertainment, hardly serious. It was played at night in places where people talked loudly, smoked, drank, and danced. Real art could be found in museums and in concert halls. Jazz players weren't ordinary people; they existed outside polite society; some thought them licentious madmen working themselves into ecstasies on the bandstand. Who would be so bold as to ask one of them a question? And what savage reply would result?
The subject of race can't be pushed aside. If both White and Black listeners thought that jazz was primarily dance music, why study it? Why take its players seriously? And the early preponderance of White jazz scholars and critics — some Europeans and White Americans — can be traced to the idea that jazz was no more than "good-time music," denying Afro-Americans proper dignity. Would you want your daughter to marry a jazz musician? Would you want your African-American child to concentrate his or her academic efforts on Cab Calloway, on Louis Armstrong? But the initial racial imbalance did shift, and I suspect that Joe Nanton would have been happy to speak with a White college student if the student was both sincere and aware. As would Rod Cless have been.
I think of Emerson in "The American Scholar," delivered in 1846, urging his audience to study their own culture — only in this way could a nation exist. Many years after Emerson's death, an American college student couldn't expect to do advanced study about the authors of his time and place: a college education required German, Chaucer, rather than James T. Farrell and Charlie Chaplin. To say nothing of Sidney Catlett. And so it was for jazz. By the time that academia caught up with it, so many of the progenitors were dead, their stories untold.
The losses are irreparable. To urge readers to interview a jazz musician today won't replace what has been lost.
What might Frank Teschmacher or Freddie Webster have told us, have someone thought it sufficiently important to ask them?
Those pages remain irrevocably blank.
COPYRIGHT, MICHAEL STEINMAN AND JAZZ LIVES, 2010
Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blog's author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Michael Steinman and Jazz Lives with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.
Posted in Awful Sad, It's A Mystery, Jazz Titans, Pay Attention!
Tagged Al Cohn, Allan Reuss, Anthony Barnett, Barry Galbraith, Ben Webster, Benny Carter, Bill Spilka, Bob Wilber, Bobby Hackett, Buck Clayton, Cab Calloway, Charles Delaunay, Charles Edward Smith, Charles Mingus, Charlie Chaplin, Charlie Parker, Chaucer, Coleman Hawkins, Cootie Williams, Count Basie, Dan Morgenstern, Dave McKenna, Dave Tough, Dick Katz, Dick Sudhalter, Dick Wellstood, Down Beat, Duke Ellington, Ed Berger, Ella Fitzgerald, Ernst Ansermet, Fletcher Henderson, Francois Postif, Frank Teschmacher, Freddie Webster, Frederic Ramsey, George Duvivier, George Stafford, Hank O'Neal, Henry Crowder, Herbie Nichols, Hughes Panassie, Ira Gitler, Ivie Anderson, Jack Washington, Jackie Robinson, James T. Farrell, jazz blog, Jazz Lives, Jelly Roll Morton, Jimmy Rowles, Joe Nanton, Joe Smith, Joe Wilder, John Chilton, Johnny Hodges, Kaiser Marshall, Lil Hardin Armstrong, Louis Armstrong, Mark Miller, MArtin Williams, Max Jones, METRONOME, Michael Steinman, Mike Zwerin, Nat Hentoff, Nat Shapiro, Nick Fatool, Otis Ferguson, Paul Desmond, Peter Vacher, Phil Schaap, Phil Woods, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Red Allen, Rex Stewart, Richard M. Sudhalter, Robert Goffin, Rod Cless, Roger Pryor Dodge, Roy Eldridge, Sammy Price, Shad Collins, Shorty Baker, Sidney Bechet, Sidney Catlett, Stanley Dance, The American Scholar, THE GHOSTS OF HARLEM, THE JAZZ RECORD, Thelonious Monk, Tiny Kahn, Tricky Sam Nanton, Vido Musso, Walter Johnson, Whitney Balliett, Wilder Hobson


First, I would like to apologize for only now thinking of this, but hey, better late than never. I realize that I haven't ever posted anything else on here about the shorts I post on Wattpad…not anything really detailed anyway. So, I thought why not do that now? Granted, there's only a few stories posted now, but I plan on adding to the small collection very soon. A couple of them have gotten their own spotlight post before. But it's been a while since then too.
This particular short was originally written for a contest over on Booksie. The idea was to take a familiar fairy tale and then re-write it with a more modern spin on it.
This is a novel-in-progress that has been on hold for far too long. But I'm hoping to be able to really get it moving again soon. I'm actually a little sad-ok, so a lot sad-that it's taken the back burner for so long.
Is it really ever not the time for a good Christmas love story?
Growing up, Lindsey and Ben were inseparable. Best friends since before they could walk, they did everything together. When both were told the other had cooties, neither ran away. They stuck together through thick and thin. And eventually, Lindsey developed a crush on Ben. Right before graduation and Ben moving off to another college. Now, a year later-and still as head over heels for Ben as ever-Lindsey can't help but wish to see him for Christmas. The only question now is, will Lindsey get her Christmas wish come true?
This is my scene for the 4th annual No Kiss Blogfest, hosted by Frankie Diane Mallis. It's a blogfest focused on the tension of wanting a kiss so badly, and then something preventing it from happening at the last possible second.
Riley and Jordan are more than mere friends, they're practically family. To say that they were best friends and nothing more would be like an insult to them. They knew they were more like brother and sister and always had been. So what happens when the unthinkable happens and suddenly they don't know what they are to each other anymore?
So yes, this was a shameless self promotion. 😉 I have plenty more in the works (more on that later), unfortunately life has been super busy and just crazy in general. But I think I'm going to stick with my New Years Resolution that I had last year and resolve to write more-and to blog more. And since I plan on keeping the Blogging Friday posts, that should definitely help. And I'm already writing a little every day with the Year of Writing thing I have going. I'm excited to see how that turns out.


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Agroforestry News
Zero tolerance of deforestation likely only way to save Amazon gateway
by Claire Asher 7 September 2017
Conservationists call for total halt to deforestation and implementation of sustainable agroforestry in Brazilian state of Maranhão.
Healthy soils can boost food security and climate resilience for millions (commentary)
by Inger Andersen 6 September 2017
Tougou village in northern Burkina Faso has a challenging climate for farming. During the dry season, which lasts from November to May, the Harmattan blows — a dry, dusty wind…
Protecting a forest in the land of the Indonesian deer-pig
by Christopel Paino 15 August 2017
LEMBAH PERMAI, Indonesia — Joula Goni stepped out of her house cradling a skull. "A babirusa," she explained, placing the bleached white cranium on a formica table on the patio.…
Scientists condemn expansion of industrial monocultures at expense of traditional gardens in Mexico
by Mongabay.com 14 July 2017
Conservation scientists meeting in Mexico are warning that planned expansion of industrial monocultures in Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula poses a threat to traditional agricultural practices that help maintain biodiversity and ecosystem…
30 years of protecting the mysterious Okapi
by Shreya Dasgupta 13 June 2017
The discovery of the elusive okapi, once believed to be a mythical unicorn, was one of the most exciting taxonomic findings of the twentieth century. This mysterious mammal lives deep inside…
Drylands greener with forests than previously thought
by John C. Cannon 12 May 2017
New research has, for the first time, made use of very high resolution images of Earth's drylands, revealing that they hold a much larger portion of the world's forests than…
A return to mixed roots in a Sumatran forest
by Dedek Hendry 2 May 2017
TIK SIRONG, Indonesia — It is often said in this archipelago country that the best solutions come through consensus. The phrase typically refers to people. But sometimes a compromise is…
Community rights: A key to conservation in Central America
by Sandra Cuffe 9 December 2016
Uaxactún, Guatemala - Research has shown that indigenous peoples and local communities play a key role in biodiversity and forest conservation in Central America and Mexico. Drawing on case studies…
Can fig trees regrow lost rainforests?
by Erik Hoffner 26 November 2016
"By themselves the figs could build a forest," ecologist EJH Corner wrote almost a century ago. Now a fascinating book, Gods, Wasps, and Stranglers: the secret history and redemptive future…
Are conservation policies a driver of deforestation in Tanzania?
by Jens Friis Lund/Jevgeniy Bluwstein/Mathew Bukhi Mabele/Andreas Scheba/Eliezeri Sungusia 14 November 2016
Deforestation in Tanzania is often attributed to unsustainable charcoal production, shifting cultivation, overgrazing and illegal timber harvesting. This is, for instance, the case in The REDD Desk's resource on Tanzania,…
This is why your coffee beans matter to the planet
by Genevieve Belmaker 10 November 2016
Coffee is more than just a cup of something hot you grab on your way to work, and a drink of choice for billions of people. It is an economic,…
Ethiopia's vulnerable tropical forests are key to securing future of wild coffee
by Fiona Hesselden at the University of Huddersfield 10 October 2016
Coffee is the drink of choice for millions of us. But the world's second-most traded commodity originates in Ethiopia – and its home is under threat. Ethiopia isn't all dusty…
'We are revolutionaries': Villagers fight to protect Myanmar's forests
by Katie Arnold 23 September 2016
U Ye Aung spent most of his adult life in a war zone. For over 60 years his village of Kalaikyi served as the frontline in one of Myanmar's longest…
A dangerous, illegal necessity: charcoal reform comes to Virunga
by Sophie Mbugua 2 August 2016
For more than two decades, a violent civil war and its aftermath raged in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), leading to the deaths of millions of people. Forests…
"Carbon farming" good for the climate, farmers, and biodiversity
by Erik Hoffner 28 July 2016
Conversations that involve lowering the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by agricultural means rarely include the sort of techniques championed by award-winning author, Yale University lecturer, and Project Drawdown…
New Rainforest Alliance head: technology could improve commodity certification
by Rhett A. Butler 21 March 2016
In January, Rainforest Alliance, one of the world's most influential environmental groups for its work in developing eco-certification as a mechanism for raising social and environmental standards for commodity production,…
APP to work with 500 villages to combat deforestation
by Loren Bell 13 January 2016
The world's largest pulp and paper supplier, Asia Pulp & Paper (APP), will establish an up to $10 million program to support the economic development of 500 villages in and…
Community plants green shoots of hope in the land of the lost Javan tiger
by Petrus Riski 11 November 2015
ew places offer a glimpse of Indonesia's forlorn environmental track record like Meru Betiri, a 58,000-hectare national park tucked away in the southeast corner of Java island. The park is…
Land rights and access to credit in Sulawesi community brings prosperity to land
by Wahyu Chandra 9 November 2015
Every day at noon Bahar and Nasirah set out on foot into the South Sulawesi backcountry. The couple moves instinctively through single-stem plants, gathering chilies and pumpkin, knowing as each day…
Bali's mountain dwellers govern with ancient palm leaf treatises
by Luh De Suriyani 29 October 2015
Deep in the mountains of eastern Bali sits a traditional Aga village, whose inhabtants – legendarily the island's first – still reside and abide by ancient ways. Long before Indonesian…
Punk rocker likes what he sees in Sumatra's resin forest
by Taufik Wijaya 19 October 2015
Jemi Delvian was astonished the first time he stood in the dipterocarp forest of Indonesia's Pahmungan village. The lead singer of Hutan Tropis, the Sumatran punk rock band that cares…
In the shadow of a metropolis, a community revives Java's lost forests
by Petrus Riski 16 October 2015
When the children of Mendiro hamlet would hear the year 1998 in school, chances were it heralded a lesson on Indonesia's violent lurch to democracy after the devastating financial crash…
A village in Borneo turns away from palm oil
by Andi Fachrizal 14 October 2015
Dingo is a busy man. As the head of Tanjung village, in the Kapuas Hulu region of West Kalimantan, he barely has time for family as he works tirelessly toward…
After the tsunami, a forest restored along a river in Aceh
by Chik Rini 13 October 2015
Abdullah Rajab is not young. He has a shock of white hair. And when he laughs, it's clear that many of his teeth are missing. But whenever a youngster asks…
Lombok's blooming community forest bears fruit and raises livelihoods – and haj trips
by Jay Fajar 7 October 2015
or hundreds of years water has run down the western foothills of Indonesia's second largest volcano over the nearby Tiu Teja falls. But here on the slopes of Mount Rinjani…
Agroforestry in spotlight ahead of Jokowi's trip to New York
by Ethan Harfenist 19 September 2015
head of Indonesian President Joko Widodo's arrival with world leaders in New York to sign the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, an international group of researchers gathered outside Jakarta this…
Investment in small-scale farmers 'could have big payoff' in the fight against climate change, poverty
by John C. Cannon 9 September 2015
Buoyed by the raft of recent research demonstrating how local control is often a boon for forest health, a UN agency calls for greater investment in smallholder farmer organizations.
Overcoming poverty through 'regreening'
by David Brown 12 August 2015
A recent report discusses how regreening may offer a possible solution to the chronic economic and political instability in some regions of Africa.
Cleaning up cacao: making the chocolate business more sustainable
by Rhett A. Butler 26 July 2015
While most people love chocolate, few are aware of the problems associated with the production of its main ingredient, cacao. The cacao business has traditionally been an ugly one, associated…
Amazon tribe creates 500-page traditional medicine encyclopedia
by Jeremy Hance 24 June 2015
Update: Mr. Herndon appeared here on Mongabay's podcast in late 2017 to report that volume two has now been completed, and that the encyclopedia now spans 1,000 pages. In one of the…
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I love visual inspiration for story ideas, and I share many of the ones I find online with readers via social media. At the links below you can check out some of my recent posts.
Today I thought I'd share my most recent Pinterest posts in my social media series: Beautiful Love. Each of these images beautifully illustrate that love is love.
Follow Sloan's board Beautiful Love on Pinterest.
If you can't see the embedded images above or wish to view my full Beautiful Love board, you can check it out at Pinterest.
You can also see more Beautiful Love posts on my Tumblr blog.
I joined tumblr the other day. Not that I needed another distraction from my writing, but this social networking site is not only a fun way to take a writing break, it also feeds the creative side of my brain with interesting visuals.
For those of you who aren't familiar with tumblr, it's a microblogging site where you can quickly share text, images, videos, links, quotes, and audio, as well as view the same from the people you follow. I became familiar with it from the lovely images shared by various people I follow on Twitter. I decided to join so I could share some of what inspires me and my writing. Please note: some of the images may be NSFW (not safe for work).


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Q: Virtualbox - Installed Ubuntu to raw partition, but won't boot up in virtualbox I have managed to install the latest version of Ubuntu to raw partitions in VirtualBox. But now when i try to boot it up in VirtualBox it's giving me:
error: Unknown filesystem.
grub rescue> _

I'm not sure where to go from here, can anybody help? It's allowing me to type in it, but not recognizing sudo.
Thanks

A: grab a live cd and reboot ;)
is your boot partition set active?
what says
sfdisk -l
how does your grub.cgf look like?
./boot/grub/grub.cfg

maybe this links help a bit
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Dynamic Data Lists in Liferay I have text field in my dynamic data list but there should be only email id's.
How to write validation for the text field??? There is only one required field in dynamic data lists

A: The best way is to use javascript validation


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A Garner of Saints – Saint Thomas Aquinas
A member of the family of the Counts of Aquino in Calabria, who had royal blood in their veins. He was born in 1226 and was remarkable from his infancy for the sweetness of his temper. His education was begun at the Benedictine monastery of Monte Cassino, but at the age of ten he had leamed all they had to teach. From this place he went to study at the university of Naples, and at the age of seventeen he assumed the Dominican habit in that city. His mother hastened to the spot to prevent him from taking the vows, and hearing of this he fled away, but was captured by his brothers and imprisoned in his father's fortress of Rocca Secca. He escaped by the assistance of his sisters, who let him down in a basket, and soon after he became a regular member of the Dominican order. Here he distinguished himself even more by his humility than by his learning. Yet his reputation continued to increase and he became the greatest theological writer and teacher of his age. In 1263 he attended a chapter general of the Dominicans at London, and obtained permission not to teach any more. He refused the archbishopric of Naples and lived in complete retirement. However, Gregory IX drew him from his retreat to attend the council at Lyons. Though his health was broken, Thomas believed it his duty to obey and accordingly he set out. But he never reached the city, dying at Fossa Nova in 1274. The body was subsequently taken to Toulouse, after long disputes concerning it. His canonisation took place in 1313. 7th March and 18th July.
Dominican habit; the sun on his breast or in his hand, while he holds a chalice.
Allen Banks Hinds, M.A. "Saint Thomas Aquinas". A Garner of Saints, 1900. CatholicSaints.Info. 26 April 2017. Web. 19 July 2019. <>


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New Construction In College Park! This is 1 of 2 going up side by side on Hill Street. Conveniently located near downtown and 440. Open Area downstairs connecting living area and Kitchen. A separate room downstairs either for dining or an office space. Master bedroom is upstairs with 2 spare rooms. Laundry is upstairs for convenience. Upstairs balcony connected to Master bedroom. Large rear deck for a great hangout spot. Triangle Building and Properties is a custom home builder.


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J.Guenther Books
A place for the voices in my head to come out and play
Born von Burlau
The Aldana Incident
Unearthing the Guardian
More von Burlau
Posted on October 25, 2017 by Julie Guenther
I apologize for the delay on this post, but my limited writing time lately has been devoted to finishing the von Burlau outline, which is not really bloggable. Nevertheless, I've promised myself I'll finish that outline before the start of NaNoWriMo next month and it's a promise I intend to keep. That said, I've been working on the second chapter of the first von Burlau manuscript. Here's a first look, hope you enjoy it.
Amelia Schwarz set her heavy bag down and glanced around. The garage to her left appeared deserted and a tall hedge to her right hid her from view of the main gate. Confident in her apparent solitude, she quickly hiked up the edge of her long skirt and adjusted the garter that had been digging into her thigh for the last twenty minutes.
Before she could complete the task, however, a metallic clank from within the garage made her start. She dropped her hem at once and took a cautious step in the direction of the noise. She caught sight of a grubby chauffeur, who had evidently been peeping at her from behind the car. "You there," she shouted, "come out here at once! How dare you sneak around, spying on a lady like that."
The man stood, his eyes still fixed on the point where her long, slender leg had just disappeared beneath her skirt. "A lady?" he repeated, finally meeting her gaze. "Is that what you call yourself? What kind of lady exposes herself in public?" His clear blue eyes were playful and provocative, his smile seemed more like a smirk, and his hair was a tousled drift of loose, blond curls.
Her face flushed red, more from rage than embarrassment. Such a frank reply from a man of his station made her gasp, as though she'd been hit with ice water thrown from a bucket. "I did no such thing," she stammered, "I was simply-"
"No such thing?" he interrupted. "I could see well up your thigh." He flashed another of his smirk-like grins and gave an approving nod that clearly said he'd enjoyed the view.
"How dare you speak to me that way. I'm warning you. I am right this very moment on my way up to meet with the Baroness von Burlau. I'll be telling her all about you. I'm sure she wouldn't approve of her chauffeur skulking around, spying on young ladies, and she certainly wouldn't approve of your insolence."
If anything, his smile grew broader still. "No," he said, "I don't suppose she would."
She glared at him, her jaw clenched. "You, sir, are a pig," she finally fumed. "Worse than that, you're about to make me late for my appointment with the baroness." She snatched up her bag and hurried up the drive in the direction of the enormous Schloss von Burlau.
"Be sure to give her my regards," he called after her.
The von Burlau castle had been built, Amelia knew, in the early seventeenth century, atop the ruins of an even older fortress. It was triangular in shape with slender, round turrets at each of its base angles, and a stout, shorter turret at the vertex. It was painted a bright, golden yellow with windows trimmed in white and had a ceramic tile roof of deep, rusty red. It had been in the von Burlau family for more than a century and the menacing structure served as a constant reminder of the enormous wealth and power of her new employer. They were not mere socialites, as her last employers had been. They were true aristocrats, descended, it was said, from royal blood, however distantly.
Overcome by a sudden bout of nerves, Amelia stopped and set down her bag.
"May I help you, miss?"
Amelia spun around, startled. The young man who'd spoken was no more than sixteen or seventeen and was carrying a basket of freshly cut spring flowers. "I'm Amelia Schwarz," she said. "I'm the new nanny. I was just on my way up to the castle."
"Nice to meet you," he said, flashing a shy smile and wiping his dirt-stained hand on his trousers before extending it. "I'm Georg Lindhorst, an undergardener here. The servant's entrance is around back."
"Yes, I know," she said. "I remember. I was just taking a moment to steady my nerves." The confession made her feel foolish and she blushed.
"There's no need to feel nervous. You'll never meet a kinder woman than the Baroness von Burlau and Miss Viktoria-the girl you'll be looking after-she's very sweet, honestly."
Amelia raised an eyebrow, looking skeptical. "Really?" she said. "I've heard she's a bit of a handful."
Georg stifled a knowing smile. "I don't know if I'd take it that far," he said. "She's a free spirit, that's all. I'll give you the same advice I've given to all the other nannies who came before you, perhaps you'll be the first to listen."
This was not encouraging to Amelia, who'd never been told about 'all the other nannies'.
"Don't fight her free spirit," Georg said, "embrace it. Let her be who she is and you'll do just fine."
Amelia seemed to consider this for a moment. "Thank you, Georg. That seems like good advice. I'll keep it in mind." She bid him farewell and continued down the right flank of the castle to the servant's entrance in the back, where she encountered a tall, balding behemoth of a man, smoking a cigar and wearing an apron. Amelia guessed him to be in his early forties. His smile as she approached was surprisingly warm and inviting.
"Hello," he said, "can I help you?"
"I'm Amelia Schwarz, the new nanny."
A man she recognized as the butler, Mr. Reblin, appeared in the doorway. "Thank you, Mr. Conti," he said to the balding man, "I'll take it from here. Please come in, Miss Schwarz." He stepped aside to allow her to enter. "Surely that's not everything?" he asked, indicating the bag in her hand.
"I've arranged to have the rest of my things brought over this evening, after Viktoria has gone to bed. I wanted to minimize the disruption to her routine."
He nodded his approval, then led her down a short corridor and into the kitchen, where several servants were gossiping over their morning tea. When she entered, they stopped talking and looked up. "Everyone," Mr. Reblin said, "I'd like to introduce the new nanny, Miss Amelia Schwarz."
Before she could speak, Amelia felt a large hand push her gently through the doorway and further into the room. She turned to find the large man in the apron smiling down at her as he made his way past her into the kitchen.
"Mr. Conti you've met," Mr. Reblin said, nodding to the big man. "He is, of course, our cook. This is his assistant, Ursula Stauber." He gestured to a young, mousy woman with straw blond hair and thin lips.
"Call me Ushi," she said.
"This is Miss Gisela Baumung," Mr. Reblin continued. "She's lady's maid to the baroness." Gisela was a stunningly pretty woman with sunny blond hair and a disposition to match. Amelia liked her at once.
"This is Mr. Voss," the butler continued, turning to a smartly dressed man in his early twenties. "He's our chauffeur."
Amelia stared blankly at Mr. Voss, who had sandy brown hair, steel gray eyes, and a lithe, lean build. She cast a quizzical glance back at Mr. Reblin, as though afraid she'd misunderstood his introduction. The chauffeur, meanwhile, was extending his hand to her. She shook it and asked quietly, "How many chauffeurs do they have here?"
Mr. Voss laughed and leaned in to respond, but Mr. Reblin had already introduced the next servant, a freckly faced boy named Fritz Bauer.
"Nice to meet you," Amelia said to Fritz.
"And you," he replied.
"Mr. Bauer, would you be so kind as to take Miss Schwarz's bag to her room?" Mr. Reblin asked.
"Certainly, sir," Fritz agreed at once. He took the bag from Amelia and disappeared up a dark staircase.
"Now, if you'll follow me," Mr. Reblin said, addressing Amelia, "I'll introduce you to Miss Viktoria."
She followed him up the stairs and onto a gallery lined with towering portraits of long-dead von Burlau ancestors. Their faces were solemn and, it seemed to Amelia, judgmental. She could feel their frozen stares as she bobbed along in the butler's wake. They glared down at her like an imperial guard sent to expel a foreign invader. She wondered if their presence in that particular hallway, which divided the servant's quarters from the main residence, was by coincidence or design. Whatever the intent, the effect was intimidating.
At the end of the gallery, Mr. Reblin rapped lightly on the first door to the right. A soft voice from within invited him to enter. They did, and a tall, dark-haired woman of late middle age stood to greet them.
"Miss Amelia Schwarz, might I introduce you to Miss Erma Stieber. She is Miss Viktoria's governess. He turned to address the dark-haired woman, "Miss Schwarz is the new nanny."
Before either woman had a chance to greet the other, a much younger woman, a child in fact, forced her way into the conversation. Although she was barely six years old, Miss Viktoria von Burlau was no less intimidating than her regal ancestors. She regarded Amelia with ill-disguised disdain.
"Miss Viktoria," the butler began, "this is…"
"Yes, I heard," she broke in. "It's very nice to meet you." The sentiment of her greeting was not reflected in her tone.
"It's very nice to meet you too, Miss Viktoria" Amelia replied, curtsying ever so slightly. There was an awkward silence before she added, "I look forward to getting to know you better."
Viktoria offered no verbal reply, but a slight arch of her eyebrow implied the feeling was not at all mutual.
"Well, we'll let you get back to your lessons. I'll be taking Miss Schwarz down to meet the rest of the family and then to her room to settle in. Please let me know when you've finished for the day." Mr. Reblin gave a slight bow and began to withdraw from the room. Miss Stieber cleared her throat and the butler stopped short.
"Is it true what they were saying downstairs?" the governess asked.
Amelia dared not ask about the subject of the recent gossip, but the butler's solemn nod left little doubt about its grave nature.
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The Snow Cover Extent Climate Data Record extends from the late 1960s to present. Historical analyses based on visual inspection have been digitized and combined with modern multi-spectral remote sensing to produce a seamless record on a hemispheric scale. The data are available at weekly and monthly resolutions in a variety of formats. The spatial resolution varies with a nominal resolution of ~190.5 x 190.5 km at a standard parallel of 60 degrees North.
The data record for the Rutgers University (RU) Northern Hemisphere (NH) Snow Cover Extent (SCE) Climate Data Record (CDR) spans from late 1966 to present. Data prior to June 1999 in the RU NH SCE CDR is based on digitized weekly SCE maps originally created at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and previously reprocessed at Rutgers. Early NH SCE maps were based on a visual interpretation of photographic copies of shortwave imagery. Analysts incorporated various sources of imagery into the SCE mapping process as they became available (e.g. AVHRR, VAS). In June 1999, weekly NOAA NH SCE maps ceased production, and were replaced by daily SCE output from the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS). IMS maps are presently generated at the National Ice Center (NIC) in a manner similar to the former weekly product, but may also include sources of information from stations and satellite microwave products. They also benefit from an improved computer-based mapping toolbox to assist in discerning more local SCE details. To facilitate ongoing updates to the data record, Monday SCE output from the 24 km IMS is acquired from NIC and processed at Rutgers University to generate weekly granules.
Each weekly NH SCE granule represents SCE for seven days spanning from Tuesday-Monday, starting from the beginning of the record on Tuesday October 4, 1966. The NH SCE CDR shows snow boundaries on the last day that the surface in a given region is observed (figure 1). Independent analyses, standard mapping practices, and detailed discussions over the years with members of the mapping team indicate that the SCE depicted on pre-IMS era weekly maps is heavily weighted toward the end of the map week.
Weekly SCE maps were digitized utilizing an 89 × 89 Cartesian grid laid over a NH polar stereographic projection. Grid cell areas range from ~10,700 sq. km near the equator to ~41,800 sq. km near the pole, with a resolution of ~190.5 km at a standard parallel of 60 degrees. Each grid cell in the NH SCE CDR has a binary value, indicating snow covered or snow free conditions. As determined at Rutgers, IMS SCE output best matches the historical weekly product when reduced in resolution using a 42% threshold for SCE. Since June 1999, IMS SCE data are reduced to match the historical 89 × 89 grid using a consistent land/water mask, forming a cohesive, long-term CDR.
The RU NH SCE CDR is reliable at many times and in many regions. These include regions where: 1) skies are frequently clear, a condition commonly found in spring near the snowline, 2) solar zenith angles are relatively low and illumination is high, 3) the snow cover is reasonably stable or changes slowly, and 4) pronounced local and regional signatures are present owing to the distribution of vegetation, lakes and rivers. Under these conditions, the satellite-derived product will be superior to maps of SCE gleaned from station data, particularly in sparsely inhabited regions. Another advantage of the NH SCE CDR is the portrayal of regionally representative snow extent, whereas maps based on ground station reports may be biased, due to the preferred position of weather stations in valleys and in places affected by urban heat islands, such as airports.
The RU NH SCE CDR has the longest period of record of any satellite-derived environmental observation. However, one trade-off is coarse spatial resolution, which means the product is most suitable for continental-scale and large regional climate studies. As human analysts have produced the CDR from visible satellite imagery for almost five decades, changes in mapping methodologies have occurred over time. Efforts have been made at Rutgers to mitigate the effects of mapping changes during production of the historical data, and to enhance consistency during the transition to IMS. Still, there are known inconsistencies over the Tibetan plateau. This is largely due to difficulties in mapping SCE in this area using visible satellite imagery due to snow cover often being patchy in nature and resembling the appearance of frequent cloud cover in the region. Issues with mapping snow in this region using microwave satellite products are well known and station coverage is exceedingly sparse. Later in the satellite record, higher resolution imagery collected at a higher frequency from multiple sources (particularly animated imagery) has improved mapping in the region.
So too has the IMS product reduced earlier issues with defining snow extent in regions where mountains commonly align in a linear or curvilinear manner (e.g. Sierra Nevada, Himalayas, Alps), The major issue in these regions had to do with the digitization process, as often cells would be considered snow covered despite the narrow snow covered mountains comprising less than 50% of an otherwise snow free cell. The higher spatial resolution of the IMS grid provides a more realistic depiction of SCE. The Rutgers CDR effort has taken the earlier over mapping of SCE into account and adjusted earlier gridded maps accordingly.
Despite the recent development of the more consistent RU NH SCE CDR, users are warned not to over interpret the data in both spatial and temporal senses. For instance, analyses are not recommended on a grid cell dimension, or even over several grid cells, including within non-mountainous regions. Temporally, a user should not conduct an evaluation that examines one or several grid cells over time, be it over the course of a given year and especially over years within such a small area. For instance, do not expect to see a meaningful time series of SCE over several grid cells that encompass the Alps.
Over the years there have been attempts to characterize the uncertainty inherent in the weekly snow cover maps. This has mostly included regional case studies that utilized relatively dense arrays of station observations or independent mapping undertaken with visible imagery. Brown and Robinson (2011) conducted the most recent and comprehensive analysis, where estimates of uncertainty were explicitly derived through the statistical analysis of multiple datasets. The analysis indicates a 95% confidence interval in Northern Hemisphere spring SCE of ±3–5%. The multi-dataset analysis shows larger uncertainties monitoring spring SCE over Eurasia than North America due to the more complex regional character of the snow cover variability and larger between-dataset variability over northern Europe and north-central Russia.
The NOAA maps and thus the RU NH SCE CDR are unique in terms of their hemispheric scale, longevity and relative accuracy. There are other hemispheric products generated from satellite microwave data. However, at best, they extend back to 1979 and do not to depict snow extent as completely as visible products due to difficulties in discerning wet, patchy or thin snow cover. There are products produced from NASA MODIS visible data using automated methods. While maps are generated in a systematic manner, conservative cloud detection makes daily maps rather incomplete and multi-day products still depict incomplete coverage. There are also maps generated from combinations of imagery and station observations, however they lack long-term coverage or consistency or are not hemispheric in coverage. Despite the limitations of each mapping approach, including the NOAA/Rutgers CDR, the various map products complement one another. A fused multi-source snow data product is currently being created and will soon be available through the National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Brown, R.D., 2000. Northern Hemisphere snow cover variability and change, 1915-1997. J. Climate, 13: 2339-2355.
Brown, R. D., 2002. Reconstructed North American, Eurasian, and Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover Extent, 1915-1997. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Brown, R. D., and B. Brasnett, 2010, updated annually. Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC) Daily Snow Depth Analysis Data. Boulder, CO: NASA DAAC at the National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Dewey. K.F., and R.R. Heim Jr., 1982. A Digital Archive of Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover. Bulletin American Meteorological Society, 63, 1132-1141.
Frei, A., R. Brown, J.A. Miller and D.A. Robinson, 2005. Snow mass over North America: observations and results from the second phase of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP-2). Journal of Hydrometeorology, 6, 681695.
Frei, A., M. Tedesco, S. Lee, J. Foster, D.K. Hall, R. Kelly and D.A. Robinson, 2011. A review of global satellite-derived snow products. Advances in Space Research.
Hall, D.K., G.A. Riggs, V.V. Salomonson, N. DiGiromamo and K.J. Bayr, 2002. MODIS Snow-Cover Products. Remote Sensing of Environment, 83:181-194.
Hall, D.K., and G.A. Riggs, 2007. Accuracy assessment of the MODIS snow-cover products. Hydrological Processes, 21:1534-1547.
Kunkel, K.E., M.A. Palecki, K.G. Hubbard, D.A. Robinson, K.T. Redmond and D.R. Easterling, 2007. Trend identification in twentieth-century U.S. snowfall: the challenges. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 24, 64-73.
Robinson, D.A., 2000. Weekly Northern Hemisphere snow maps: 1966-1999. Preprints: 12th Conference on Applied Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Asheville, NC, 12-15.
Robinson, D.A., K.F. Dewey, and R.R. Heim, Jr., 1993. Global snow cover monitoring: an update. Bulletin American Meteorological Society, 74, 1689-1696.
Robinson, D. A., and A. Frei, 2000. Seasonal variability of Northern Hemisphere snow extent using visible satellite data, Professional Geographer 52(2), 307–315.
Wiesnet, D., C. Ropelewski, G. Kukla and D. Robinson, 1987. A discussion of the accuracy of NOAA satellite-derived global seasonal snow cover measurements. Large Scale Effects of Seasonal Snow Cover, IAHS Publication 166, 291-304.
Nh Snow Cover Extent for week ending January 29, 2007. Credit: Figure Contributed by D. Robinson.
Estilow, Thomas W., Robinson, David & National Center for Atmospheric Research Staff (Eds). Last modified 01 Apr 2019. "The Climate Data Guide: Snow Cover Extent (Northern Hemisphere) Climate Data Record, by Rutgers." Retrieved from https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/snow-cover-extent-northern-hemisphere-climate-data-record-rutgers.
pages with Expert Guidance by Estilow, Thomas W.


Flavonoids are abundant plant phenolic compounds. More than 6000 have been identified to date, and some have been shown to possess antiparasitic activity. Here we investigate the effects of a range of common dietary flavonoids on the growth of two strains of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
A chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and a chloroquine-resistant (7G8) strain of P. falciparum were tested for in vitro susceptibility to a range of individual dietary flavonoids and flavonoid combinations. Parasite susceptibility was measured in 96-well plates over 96 h using a previously described [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay. Of the eleven flavonoids tested, eight showed antiplasmodial activity against the 3D7 strain (with IC50 values between 11 and 66 μM), and all showed activity against the 7G8 strain (with IC50 values between 12 and 76 μM). The most active compound against both strains was luteolin, with IC50 values of 11 ± 1 μM and 12 ± 1 μM for 3D7 and 7G8, respectively. Luteolin was found to prevent the progression of parasite growth beyond the young trophozoite stage, and did not affect parasite susceptibility to the antimalarial drugs chloroquine or artemisinin. Combining low concentrations of flavonoids was found to produce an apparent additive antiplasmodial effect.
Certain common dietary flavonoids inhibit the intraerythrocytic growth of the 3D7 and 7G8 strains of P. falciparum. Flavonoid combinations warrant further investigation as antiplasmodial agents.
Flavonoids are ubiquitous plant phenolic compounds that consist of two aromatic rings linked by a three-carbon bridge (see Table 1 for structure). More than 6000 flavonoids have been identified to date, and their essential functions in plants include regulating growth and providing protection against pathogens (reviewed in ). They are currently attracting significant medical interest because of their antioxidant, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Flavonoids are present in fruits, vegetables, wine, tea and coffee. Estimates of the daily intake of flavonoids in developed countries are as high as 1–2 g .
a Values are the means (± S.E.M.) of results from three independent experiments, each performed in duplicate or triplicate. Parasite susceptibility was measured in 96-well plates over 96 h using the [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay . b LogD (the octanol-water distribution coefficient) was predicted using PrologD (Pallas for Windows version 2.1, CompuDrug International Inc.). Good cell permeability requires a logD value of 2–5 . NA, not applicable; ND, not determined.
A number of reports have demonstrated growth inhibitory effects of flavonoids, particularly of the flavonol quercetin and of the flavone luteolin, on the protozoan parasite genera Toxoplasma , Trypanosoma  and Leishmania [4–6]. The majority of studies involving flavonoids and malaria describe the antiplasmodial activity-guided fractionation of plants (including species used in traditional medicine). Flavonoids (usually along with other compounds) have been identified in the antiplasmodial fractions of many plants, and in some cases have been shown to possess antiplasmodial activity when isolated [4, 7–12]. Despite this, until very recently only the structurally distinct chalcone subclass of flavonoids attracted much further investigation.
In this study, the flavanone naringenin, the isoflavone genistein, and a range of flavonols (kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin and isoquercitrin) and flavones (acacetin, apigenin, baicalein, chrysin and luteolin) were tested against a chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and a chloroquine-resistant (7G8) strain of Plasmodium falciparum. The flavonoids were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Australia), and purities were ≥ 95% except for isoquercitrin which was ≥ 90%. A recent study demonstrated the in vitro antiplasmodial activities of a number of these compounds ; we confirm and extend these findings with different P. falciparum strains.
Of the eleven flavonoids tested, eight showed antiplasmodial activity against the 3D7 strain, with mean IC50 values in the range 11–66 μM (Table 1). The remaining three (acacetin, naringenin and genistein) did not achieve 50% parasite killing at the highest concentrations tested (which varied according to solubility in aqueous media; DMSO concentrations were kept ≤ 0.1% to prevent any effect on parasite growth). All the flavonoids tested showed measurable activity against the chloroquine-resistant 7G8 strain, with IC50 values between 12 and 76 μM. The most active compound in both strains was luteolin, with IC50 values of 11 ± 1 μM and 12 ± 1 μM for 3D7 and 7G8, respectively (Table 1).
Marked differences in the susceptibilities of the two strains to some flavonoids (most notably to acacetin) were observed in this study and in that of Tasdemir et al. . In both studies, the chloroquine-resistant strain was generally more susceptible to growth inhibition. Whether enhanced sensitivity to some flavonoids relates to the chloroquine resistance phenotype or other difference(s) in genetic background is not known. These strain differences make structure-activity determinations difficult. Furthermore, potential differences in cell permeability should also be considered. The higher antiplasmodial activity of quercetin (logD 2.09) compared to the quercetin glucoside isoquercitrin (logD 1.59) (P = 0.002, paired t-test) could be a result of better cell permeability. Similarly, the flavanone naringenin (logD 2.17) differs from apigenin (logD 2.77) only in the absence of a double bond in the C ring but is much less active (P = 0.02, paired t-test for 7G8). Also, the isoflavone genistein (logD 1.53) differs from apigenin (logD 2.77) only in that the B ring is attached to carbon 3 of the C ring rather than carbon 2, and is less active against both strains (P = 0.03, paired t-test for 7G8). However, the testing of a number of additional flavonoids would be required to conclude that differences in activities are a result of different cell permeabilities.
The effect of a number of the flavonoids tested here on the viability of two normal (non-cancerous) human cell lines has been reported . In the cases of apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin and quercetin, the IC50 values against both strains of P. falciparum are at least 4-fold lower than the IC50 values reported against both human cell lines. Naringenin has relatively low activity against P. falciparum (Table 1) and human cells . In addition, Mamani-Matsuda et al.  investigated quercetin toxicity towards haemopoietic cells and found that the IC50 value was greater than 100 μM (> 6-fold higher than the IC50 against P. falciparum reported here; Table 1).
To investigate which stage of the parasite's intraerythrocytic lifecycle is inhibited by flavonoids, we prepared Giemsa-stained 7G8-infected erythrocyte smears at various time points following the addition of 20 μM luteolin (~2 × IC50). Figure 1 reveals that luteolin does not inhibit the ring stage of the parasite but prevents the progression of parasite growth beyond the young trophozoite stage. The parasites are therefore unable to complete a full intraerythrocytic cycle. An arrest in cell cycle progression has also been observed for Leishmania donovani promastigotes treated with luteolin or quercetin . Furthermore, quercetin has been shown to inhibit bradyzoite development in Toxoplasma gondii . Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism by which flavonoids arrest parasite growth.
The effect of luteolin on the intraerythrocytic growth of P. falciparum. Giemsa-stained smears were prepared at 0, 19, 26 and 48 h after the addition of luteolin (20 μM) dissolved in DMSO or an equal volume of DMSO (control; 0.025% DMSO) to 7G8-infected erythrocytes (1% parasitemia, 2% hematocrit). While control parasites developed into mature trophozoites (26 h) that subsequently gave rise to daughter parasites (48 h), the growth of luteolin-treated parasites was arrested at the young trophozoite stage. Luteolin-treated parasites did not give rise to daughter parasites, resulting in a reduced parasitemia compared to the control at the 48 h time point.
There have been several reports of flavonoids showing synergistic or antagonistic activities with various antiparasitic drugs [10, 15, 16]. We therefore tested the effect of luteolin (at concentrations of 2.5 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM and 20 μM) on the susceptibility of 7G8 to two important antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and artemisinin. Luteolin did not significantly affect the IC50 values of either drug (not shown). Therefore, luteolin should not antagonise the activities of chloroquine or artemisinin if used in combination therapy.
The finding that common dietary compounds display antiplasmodial activity raises the intriguing question of whether a plant-based diet could play a role in malaria prevention or lessen disease severity. To investigate whether combinations of dietary flavonoids could display an additive effect, we combined equimolar amounts of the eleven flavonoids tested in this study such that the highest concentration of each was not toxic to the parasite (4 μM). This resulted in 50% growth inhibition against 7G8 at a total flavonoid concentration of 31 ± 3 μM (Figure 2A), a value similar to the mean IC50 value for the eleven flavonoids (33 μM). At this total flavonoid concentration, each individual flavonoid is present at a concentration of only 2.8 μM. We then combined equimolar amounts of three of the most active compounds, luteolin, quercetin and apigenin, such that the highest total flavonoid concentration was 44 μM (i.e. the same maximum total flavonoid concentration used when 11 flavonoids were combined). The combination of these three flavonoids gave an IC50 value of 21 ± 2 μM (Figure 2B), somewhat higher than their mean IC50 value (13 μM). However, at this total flavonoid concentration each individual flavonoid is only present at a concentration of 7 μM, which is lower than individual IC50 values. Adding a less active flavonoid (naringenin) to this combination, while maintaining the same maximum combined flavonoid concentration of 44 μM (i.e. each individual flavonoid was now present at a maximum concentration of 11 μM), increased the IC50 value close to the new mean value (combination IC50 = 24 ± 2 μM, average IC50 = 28 μM; Figure 2C). While the data are consistent with the flavonoids having an additive antiplasmodial effect, the possibility that there is a combination of synergistic and antagonistic effects between some of the individual flavonoids in these combinations that results in an apparent additive effect cannot be excluded.
The effects of flavonoid combinations on the proliferation of the 7G8 strain of P. falciparum. Equimolar amounts of (A) the eleven flavonoids tested in this study, (B) apigenin, luteolin and quercetin, and (C) apigenin, luteolin, naringenin and quercetin, were combined. The data are averaged from three independent experiments, each performed in duplicate or triplicate. Error bars represent S.E.M.
The concentrations of diet-derived individual flavonoids in plasma are unlikely to reach those required for complete parasite killing. The extent to which flavonoids are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract depends on factors such as the flavonoid itself and the dietary source [1, 17, 18]. Another important issue is the metabolism of flavonoids in vivo to form potentially less active conjugates . Thus, it will be important to investigate the activities of the main conjugates of promising antiplasmodial flavonoids. Nevertheless, our study raises the possibility of using clinically relevant, non-toxic concentrations of flavonoid combinations as antiplasmodial agents.
The authors are grateful to AP Wasson for helpful discussions and to the Canberra branch of the Australian Red Cross Blood Service for the provision of human blood.
AML participated in the design of the study, performed the experiments and data analysis and drafted the manuscript. KJS participated in the design of the study and helped to draft the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.


Bill Weld says he is seeking the Republican nomination against President Donald Trump in 2020.
Vice Presidential Candidate Governor William Weld, Presidential Candidate Governor Gary Johnson and Michael Smerconish attend the SiriusXM Libertarian Presidential Forum at the National Constitution Center September 12, 2016 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Bill Weld, who was the Libertarian candidate for vice president in 2016, announced the longshot bid during a CNN appearance Monday, the Washington Post reports.
He added: "There is no greater cause on Earth than to preserve what truly makes America great. I am ready to lead that fight", he said.
Weld is considered fiscally conservative but socially liberal.
He endorsed the Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama over Republican nominee John McCain, in 2008 - but late said he regretted it.
Weld said he will not run as an Independent if he does not win the Republican nomination. In the video, a narrator recounts Weld's experience leading MA and shows clips of some of Trump's most controversial comments.
The game itself centers on street racing, as players take control of various vehicles, with the goal, of course, to win events. And while the free-to-play approach is something new in the Forza game series , the product in itself isn't entirely new.
After winning a second term, Weld's attention appeared to drift away from the governor's office and toward other political pursuits. He has supported legalization of medical marijuana since 1992.
Mr Weld was governor of MA from 1991-97 after serving in the justice department under President Ronald Reagan.


Bay laurel trees are used in a variety of herbal remedies precisely because they are simply not subject to very many diseases. These remedies take advantage of this tree's hardiness and attempt to use it to your health's advantage. Even if you do not personally prefer to eat or drink your bay laurel leaves, you may still enjoy its long, evergreen foliage. However, if you are not aware of the signs and symptoms of the few bay laurel tree diseases out there, you may find that you have a suffering or dying bay laurel tree on your hands before you have a chance to save it.
Bay anthracnose is a fungal infection that attacks the bay laurel tree from the inside but manifests itself first in the leaves. First the tips of the leaves will turn dark brown or black, followed by the remainder of the leaves. The tip will begin to gray as the rest of the leaf dies. Left unchecked, an anthracnose infection can lead to leaf loss and defoliation as well as the death of twigs and branches as the fungal infection breaks the tree down. To control the infection, use sterile pruning to remove affected leaves and branches, then monitor the tree for further signs of trouble. You can also treat the tree with a fungicide and limit watering to early morning hours, and only when the soil is dry. If the tree continues to suffer, you may need to remove it to prevent infection of other trees.
Phytophthora ramorum is a fungal infection like anthracnose, and many of the symptoms of these two diseases are similar. This infection also starts out with black leaf tips, and as the leaves die they may become outlined in yellow before they turn brown, black and then gray. However, P. ramorum can also start out as black spots in the middle area of the leaf that blotch until they destroy the leaf from the inside out. As the leaves, fall you may notice trouble with the branches as well. As with anthracnose, remove affected limbs and foliage using sterile pruning techniques and treat the tree with a fungicide if necessary. As yet, there are no reported cases of bay laurel tree death due to P. ramorum.
The bay sucker is also known as the jumping plant louse. These tiny insects infect bay trees and live in nooks and crannies in the bark during the winter. Then, they create thick, yellow lesions on the leaves, which cause the leaves to yellow and curl around the edges. Bay suckers can be eradicated by washing the undersides of bay leaves with a weak soap solution or by removing affected leaves and branches. While bay suckers will not kill your bay laurel tree on their own, they can lead to a variety of problematic secondary infections that can hurt or kill your bay laurel.


Personal training in Phoenix generally seems like the step to take after you have determined your goals. Goals are an essential part of fitness success, right? Agreed. But how do you get started setting fitness goals? How do you set realistic goals and what's the next step? Often setting up personal training in Phoenix can help you start determining these goals.
With this information in hand, personal training in Phoenix is the next step. Your trainer will review goals with you, decide what can be accomplished safely and healthily and in what timeframe, and construct a fitness plan of action with you. Using your goals as a starting point, a good trainer will expand and add to them so that you really have a complete plan that will maximize your fitness efforts and get you where you want to be.
When setting goals, it is important to make them both challenging and achievable. You want your fitness goals to be high enough, but not so high that you cannot attain them and will become frustrated and discouraged.
In the beginning, you might not understand what is and isn't realistic to expect if you are not familiar with exercising or with your abilities. A personal trainer will have a much better idea of what can realistically be accomplished overall and within given periods of time.
Goals are important when you are starting out in fitness, but goal-setting does not end once you've accomplished what you set out to do. With personal training in Phoenix, there is always room to grow and plenty of benefits to be had. Once you reach your core goals, talk to your trainer and set your sights higher. Determine what else you are capable of achieving, and start anew. Make your goals as lofty or as simple as you like—perhaps you want to run a marathon, but if you just want to maintain motivation and continued good health that's okay, too. Whatever your new-found goals, your personal trainer will know what the best ways to keep your interest and to reach those objectives are.
Goals in fitness are ever changing. They are the thing that will get you going at the outset and also the thing that keeps you moving and succeeding as time goes on. Spend some time setting your fitness goals based on the past and the future to ensure your complete success.


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United States Bill of Rights Series: Part One
Bill of Rights Series
Guardian of the Republic
How did the framers of the Constitution of the United States seek to preserve liberty and prevent tyranny?
Since 1789, the Constitution has served as the supreme law of the land in the United States. The three words "We the People" clearly indicate the purpose of our government and the limitations that are imposed on that same governing body.
Through the establishment of a separate and balanced government, the rights and liberties of the American people have been safeguarded by the Constitution and specifically the Bill of Rights.
The Founders knew that even good governments eventually become corrupt. The Bill of Rights is a contract that handcuffs the government and gives it a list of things that it can never impede upon.
Losing Liberty
Most Americans think of the Federal Government as the ultimate authority on almost every social and political dispute in our nation. The Founders never intended for it to fill this role. How have the three branches of government handled playing it?
There have been moments of glory to be sure, but it has also handed down numerous decisions in which our government clearly violated the bounds of their authority by creating law from the bench and various executive orders, thereby further expanding the power of the national government.
Our founding documents clearly state that our government was established to protect the rights of every individual and to stand guard against those who would try to impose tyranny. It was never meant for the federal government to control every area of our lives.
Through natural disasters, economic difficulty, and several other problems our nation has faced, the government has seized power through looting the rights that are intrinsic — and given to us only by God.
Self-Evident Truth
We have drifted a long way from the original vision of the Founders. The further we have drifted, the more powerful the national government has grown, and the less free Americans have become.
Freedom can be taken away — but it can also be given away through ignorance of the natural rights each of us have been afforded. If We the People, Americans, want to regain the freedoms we have lost and protect the freedom we still have, we need to read our nation's founding documents.
Through the next few upcoming articles, we aim to break down each of the 10 amendments in the Bill of Rights and outline every God-given right that we are entitled to as individuals and the liberty that we have been granted as Americans.
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Who doesn't love a game of Bingo, especially when it's free and there is a chance to win real money? I know I do, and there are plenty of bingo sites online that are just waiting for new players to give free money to. The best free no deposit bingo offers can be found here on Wiki Bingo and there are more trusted and reputable sites added frequently. So, first thing is first, finding a site that has free no deposit bingo bonus offers and let all the fun begin.
Well, it's exactly what it sounds like; free bingo money! Certain bingo halls online will offer free money to their new players as a way of saying welcome and thank you for choosing their site for your bingo playing needs. The amount of the no deposit bingo bonus will depend on where you play. It can be a small token of their appreciation, or a large bonus. The difference is usually in the fine print, so make sure you always read the rules. A bonus offer like this means there is no deposit required to play real money games in the bingo rooms the site provides.
When you find a site that piques your interest, registering an account is the first step. Once registered, a validation email is usually sent to your email address you provided. After you are logged into your account, the money is usually automatically credited or you may have to enter a specific promotion code. If you have any trouble claiming the free offer, don't worry; support is there to help.
Here is the tricky part. Different sites have different rules, and some may let you cash-out winnings on no deposit bingo bonuses, whilst other bingo halls may treat the bonus like play money. Either way, the bonus offer is a great way to get a feel for the rooms, the chat games and the other players that play on the site.
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Schachne ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Clara Caroline Schachne (1858–1942), deutsche Schriftstellerin und Journalistin
 Lucie Schachne (* 1918), deutsch-britische Pädagogin, Journalistin und Autorin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Essex man finds his missing Jack Russell down hole after three-day search
Nov 28th 2019 7:39AM
This is the wonderful moment a man was overcome with emotion after he rescued his young Jack Russell three days after it went missing.
Alan Whitton, 49, was left distraught after Mitzi was chased away by a larger dog mid-way through a walk last week in Knighton Wood, Essex,
Alan stayed in the woods until 6.30pm but eventually had to resume his search the next day, Essex Live reports.
He said: "It was hellish, I thought she was going to die.
"I broke down crying to anyone I spoke to about Mitzi, I was missing her so much."
On Friday morning, two days after Mitzi disappeared, Mr Whitton received a call from a fellow dog walker whose house backed onto the woods:
"She said her dog had been sniffing around a foxhole, and it never sniffs foxholes, so I dropped everything and went to investigate."
After hearing some faint whimpers emanating from the hole, Mr Whitton dug down with his bare hands and eventually spotted Mitzi's black eyes just after 1pm. The moment was captured on camera by a number of bystanders who applauded and shouted advice as Mitzi emerged.
"I just broke down, I was overwhelmed with joy and disbelief, I had started to lose hope," Mr Whitton said.
In the wake of Mitzi's rescue she received a Greggs vegan sausage roll to wolf down and a tic removal procedure at the local vets.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Here are some recipes, tips, and hints for making some yummy food with your organic veggies and herbs.
Pull leaf from stem, swirl greens in salad spinner or wash in sink and shake off excess water. You can boil greens (kale) in salt water for 6 minutes to blanch the greens, this can help cut the natural bitterness of certain greens. You can also add a bit of sugar while cooking or bacon grease to help cut some bitterness.
Once greens are cleaned and possibly blanched, set aside. In cast iron skillet or pan saute' onion and garlic in olive oil. add bacon crumbled and bacon grease (optional). Add in greens, salt and pepper, and lemon juice. Saute' on medium heat for up to 10 minutes/until tender. Serve with hot sauce (optional) and seasonings to taste.
In a large bowl whisk together buttermilk, mayo, parsley, garlic, salt, and pepper. Add the lettuce, radishes, shallot/onion, and croutons, toss and serve.
Heat oven to 400 degrees. Place baguette slices on baking sheet, brush both sides of bread with olive oil. Bake until brown (4 to 5 minutes). Dividing evenly, spread the pesto on the slices, top with the radishes, sprinkle with sea salt and enjoy!
Toast bread and combine ingredients into a sandwich, enjoy.
We hope you enjoy your share and have a wonderful week!


Much of Wisconsin experienced record flooding after heavy rains poured down on our communities this summer. When historic amounts of rain lead to death and this amount of destruction, we cannot afford to look the other way and deny reality.
These storms, such as the one we saw in Dane County, are downright scary. Our streets littered with abandoned, submerged cars. Railroad tracks were destroyed; roadways were rushing rivers.
The science community, including researchers at the University of Wisconsin, has been loud and clear for years: we should expect to see stronger, more frequent storms as climate change progresses. The term "100 year flood" no longer fits what are becoming regular events.
In June, northern Wisconsin saw historic rain falls, closing major highways for weeks. In August and September, heavy rain left much of Eastern, Western, and Southern Wisconsin underwater, leading the Governor to issue a state of emergency for all of Wisconsin.
The impacts of climate change have real consequences. Storms like these inflict damages that cost millions of dollars to public and private property. They threaten our safety and sense of security. Sadly, they can kill people, as they did this summer—twice.
We know we must confront changing climate head on, but our elected leaders are taking us in the opposite direction. Instead of protecting our wetlands, a natural defense against flooding, lawmakers in Madison gutted our state wetland protections.
Just hours after the rains stopped falling in Dane County, President Trump unveiled his Clean Power Plan replacement, which will pump hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Many have forged ahead to tackle the issue. Dane County Executive Joe Parisi has been a leader in local efforts to curb climate change. He recently formed the Dane County Council on Climate Change to issue bold recommendations to reduce the county's carbon pollution and strengthen climate resiliency.
It's clear that after this summer's flooding, those forthcoming recommendations need to be taken seriously.
But climate change is not going away on its own. We need our state and federal elected leaders to recognize that the increase in extreme weather is brought on by climate change. Then we need them to take bold, courageous, and swift action to reduce carbon dioxide pollution and prepare our communities for the negative impacts we now face.
Climate change is the defining issue of our time. With climate change as a catalyst, we can spark economic growth by investing in people, infrastructure, technology, and energy, while protecting our grandkids' future.
That future, however, demands decisive action today.


Your home insurance premium is how much you pay, and your policy is what lays out the terms of your insurance. Between these two factors, you're obviously trying to get as much coverage for as low of a premium as possible. When it comes to reconciling your policy with your premium in Arlington, TX, keep these tips in mind from the helpful people at State Insurance Solutions.
Your monthly budget is likely what's on your mind more than your long-term future savings. Most people need to be able to pay their bills today, after all. But if you're opting for the cheapest coverage, you may be doing you and your family a major disservice. The truth is that storms and random acts of violence can end up costing you far more over time if you have to fix the damage yourself. Repairs and replacements add up fast, and can quickly exceed the extra money you saved on your monthly premium.
These oft-repeated words should still have meaning to everyone, and they certainly still mean a lot to everyone here at State Insurance Solutions. For years, we've helped Arlington, TX neighbors save their homes from decay. By offering policies for people that fit their lifestyles, we aim to save people money on everything they don't want. For instance, if your home is full of IKEA furniture that you don't mind replacing in the event of damage, we won't sell you on an expensive policy to cover your belongings. However, we may point out that you have more to protect than you think. Whatever you decide on, get the information and the confidence to feel good about your policy! Call us today for more information!


Head on over to Sci Phi Journal, where you can still find myself, Stephen Dedman, and Geoff Maloney filling out the pages of their first issue. My story You Pretty Thing concerns itself with cloning, elevators, and wacky psychiatry hi-jinks.
Ben Szumskyj, Perth-based horrorphile and publisher of cool literary works about the genre, raked me over the interviewing coals for the first issue of his upcoming Studies in Australian Weird Fiction. Dunno if that means I'm Australian, weird, or fiction, but I enjoyed the interview, and I'm looking forward to seeing a scholarly magazine aimed at understanding what separates us from the rest of the genre world.
So it's all go, really.
Congratulations to all Aurealis Award winners. The full list will be somewhere on the net by now: Luscious and I had them read to us at a party for just that purpose on Saturday night by the ever-lovely Tehani Wessely, who has finally seen the light and moved to Perth from far-too-close-to-the-centre-of-the-Oz-SF-Universe-for-its-own-good Brisbane. A good, chatty time was had by all. Special mention of the wonderful Anna Tambour, a truly lovely lady and unique writer who is finally getting the notice and reward she's been due for a very long time.
Big-mob thanks to everyone who came to the party on Saturday night and made it such a biffo event. Our last guests tumbled out the door at gone 1am, after we'd finally exhausted all the bad 80s video clips we wanted to see, but before that we had hours of good fun, great conversation, laughing, drinking, and having the time of our lives.
Received an email from Callisto yesterday, asking whether we could write something for the Swancon convention booklet regarding the wedding, and due to the usual committee organisational skills, could she have it, like, ten minutes ago?
Luscious was at the gym so I sat down and rattled off a page about her and what she means to me. She came home half an hour later, and there was still time for her to write a page too, as long as she did it right now.
If you attend the con you'll read the results. All I'll say is that sometimes, when all you have time for are the simplest statements, the results can be powerful.
I put Connor's cot together today. The cot I've spent the last couple of weeks sanding and painting.
And it looks bloody awful.
But at least I did it myself, for my son. I will gladly admit to being crap when it comes to the handyman stuff, but sometimes there are things you have to do yourself, just so you can take a greater stake in your own universe. Connor's asleep in it now, for the first time, and even though the paintjob is patchy, and I scraped a bloody great line down one side putting it all together, and somehow the side doesn't come down the way it's supposed to, none of that matters, because I did it for him.
SO MUCH TO DO, SO MUCH TO DOOOO…….
After tonight there are two sleeps until the convention starts. And all I have to do is: burn 20 CDs for wedding guests; print out the covers; put the CDs into cases and cut, fold, and insert the covers; sticky-tape safety pins to the back of 64 Prisoner badges; write the Prisoner panel; organise the clips for the panel; organise a DVD or laptop projector; write the questions for the Alternative History show; then write them onto A4 cards; buy/find/steal the props to go with them; pack my clothes; pack my writing gear; contact my best man and the suit hire shop and go out for my final fitting; buy socks for me and the boys for the wedding; shave (this is not a minor undertaking); pay the florist; give 250 flyers for the collection to the conbag stuffers; take Erin to her grandparents; pick up my suit; input the line-edits for over 20 of the collection stories and send the package to my editor… and that's the stuff I remember.
The too-groovy-for-words Cat Sparks has shown me the cover art for the collection, and it's damn cool. All I need to do is get the rubber stamp from Prime, and it's set. I'll throw up a link to an image when I get back from Swancon, so you can all tell Cat how cool it is.
IN CASE YOU'D FORGOTTEN: PARTY!
26th March: Lyn Triffitt swaps her tired old surname for a new, 27% improved one!
19th March: She uses that as an excuse to have a party!
When: Saturday, 19th March, 7pm onwards.
Theme: Sure, why not? Tacky 80s it is! All the Plastic Bertrand, Toto Coelo, Captain Sensible, and The Buggles you could ask for! The Specials! Jona Lewie! Anybody else we can come up with in the meantime!
Food: Nibblies provided, as well as a bunch of soft drink.
I've got about 5 1/2 hours of lovely aural cheese lined up, but if anyone's got a CD with Hayzee Fantayzee's Shiny Shiny on it that they want to bring and let me rip to the playlist, it'd be much appreciated.
We cleaned, we assembled nibblies, we filled the fridge with a whole lot of wine. And they came in numbers, and they came bearing money, and they had a fabbo time as far as I could tell because I was in the other room keeping a non-Tuppery Cheshire company and getting wellied on Swancon fundraising champagne (that wine glass was deceptively large).
Issue 3 of Ticonderoga Online is up!
Editorial by that Tin Duck-nominated paragon of editorial loveliness, Luscious Lyn Triffitt. Stories by Martin Livings and Ben Peek. An interview with Deb Biancotti. Loads of reviews.
I am currently cleaning the house like a mad thing before the cleaning lady gets here to clean up for the Tupperware party this evening.
RSVP to this address or just turn up and ply me with exotic beers.


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https://www.nist.gov/publications/common-biometric-exchange-file-format-cbeff
Common Biometric Exchange File Format (CBEFF)
Fernando L. Podio, J S. Dunn, L Reinert, C J. Tilton, L O'Gorman, P Collier, Mark Jerde, B Wirtz
Common Biometric Exchange File Format (CBEFF) describes a set of data elements necessary to support biometric technologies in a common way. These data can be placed in a single file used to exchange biometric information between different system components or between systems. The result promotes interoperability of biometric-based application programs and systems developed by different vendors by allowing biometric data interchange. CBEFF's initial conceptual definition was achieved through a series of three Workshops co-sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Biometric Consortium. A Technical Development Team, formed as a result of these Workshops, developed CBEFF, as described in this publication, in coordination with industrial organizations (I.e., the BioAPI Consortium, the X9.F4 Working Group, the International Biometric Industry Association, and the Interfaces Group of TeleTrusT), and end users. CBEFF provides forward compatibility accommodating for technology improvements and allows for new formats to be created. CBEFF implementations simplify integration of software and hardware provided by different vendors. Further development (e.g., a CBEFF's smart card format) is proposed under the umbrella of the recently formed Biometrics Interoperability, Performance, and Assurance Working Group co-sponsored by NIST and the Biometric Consortium.
Pub Type
NIST Pubs
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.6529
biometric data elements, biometric data exchange, biometric data format, biometric technologies, biometrics, data interchange, interoperability
Podio, F. , Dunn, J. , Reinert, L. , Tilton, C. , O'Gorman, L. , Collier, P. , Jerde, M. and Wirtz, B. (2001), Common Biometric Exchange File Format (CBEFF), - 6529, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.6529 (Accessed January 28, 2023)
Additional citation formats
Created January 1, 2001, Updated November 10, 2018