As a blogger and essay writer, I have a constant stream of ideas running through my mind at all times. For a while now I've been meaning to write about an afternoon I spent with a friend a few months ago. She and her family used to live across the street from us, and we got to know each other while playing outside with the kids. We bonded over mom and neighbor stuff at first, but then discovered a shared sense of snarky humor and a love of all things artsy and creative.
My friend used to work as a set designer on movies, and makes her kids the most amazing, elaborate Halloween costumes. One year, her son's flying sock monkey costume wowed every house on our trick-or-treating route. Don't even get me started on the tiny mermaid costume she made for her baby girl.
And the birthday parties… Her son's pirate party last year featured a cake with edible sand, messages in tiny glass bottles, and hand-painted treasure chests filled with plastic jewels. Oh, and hand-sewn bloomers for her little "pirate lass." But she pulled it all off in a whimsical, imaginative, unique way, not an "I dropped $5k at the craft store so I can brag all over Pinterest" kind of way.
Anyway, my friend and her family moved to a different neighborhood, so we hadn't seen each other in awhile. She came over that day with her kids. I was going to write about this playdate for a couple of reasons. One is that not once the whole time did she look at her phone. I know it's strange and maybe a little sad that this made an impression on me, but it did. She wasn't trying to do a million things at once, like I usually am. She was fully present. She was there, in the moment, asking me questions and really listening to the answers.
That's also something remarkable about this friend: she asks really good questions that she really wants to know the answers to. She looks directly at you with these striking green eyes and before you know it, you're rambling on about something you didn't even know you had feelings about.
And she does this with kids, too, not just adults. Has real conversations with them, asks about their lives and interests. She remembers stuff about them. She met my son, Miles, when he was maybe 4 years old and still tells the story to this day about how he jumped out of the bushes wearing a green mustache and called out, "Bonjour!" (It was St. Patrick's Day. I can't explain the French.) Every time she tells the story, she cracks up. I love it, because it's clear to me how much she loves my kid. Don't you just automatically love anyone who thinks your kids are hilarious and brilliant?
Until now, I hadn't written about this playdate because I couldn't decide what my point was. Was it a commentary on how smartphones are the devil and are ruining our interpersonal connections? Was it a musing on friendship, and how awesome it feels to know someone who totally "gets" you? Or was I going to write about how we bonded over being artsy types who refused to turn into frumpy moms without a fight?
This friend is constantly telling me how cool she used to be back in the day before she was married with kids. (Weren't we all, sister.) Like I couldn't tell that from the funky names she gave her kids and her tattooed, motorcycle-riding husband? (OK, she's way cooler than me.) But she makes me FEEL cool by introducing me to her other cool friends as "Abby, my friend who's a really great writer." Again, how can you not love a person like that?!
Anyway, I knew I wanted to write something eventually about this particular afternoon I spent with my friend, because it stuck with me. When she left I was so glad we'd finally made the time to get together.
My friend died yesterday. Her husband called us early this morning to tell us. We are in shock, and we are reeling with grief. I don't even know where to begin processing my feelings about this awful, unexpected news.
Except I guess I do. Here. In my own words, in the moment, before I've fully processed and revised and accepted and healed. In times of tragedy, people often say "There are no words." But I'm a writer, and words are what I have. So today, I sat down to write. And I wrote this, about that afternoon I spent with my friend and her kids, and what I remember about it, and about her. I wrote what I want people to know about this special person. She was my friend. She will be missed.
LINK O' THE DAY: My new favorite hobby is hitting refresh on this site. Over $24k (!!) has been raised in 2 days (!!), from friends, family, and people who didn't even know her. If that's not a testament to how many lives she touched, I don't know what is.
READ O' THE DAY: No matter what age you are when you lose your mother, you never forget her. A part of her is always with you. That's the lesson I learned from Erin Kienzle, whom I heard read this touching piece in the Charleston, SC, "Listen to Your Mother" show a few weeks ago.
I'm so sorry for your loss and for her family as well. I think this blog and any other anecdotes or details you can write about her for her family is the greatest gift you can give. I'm sure her children will always long to know her and it is a gift you can share. Thinking of all of you.
Thank you, Sarah. I know you know a thing or two about grief, so your advice means a lot. It doesn't seem like enough, but I can give them that, so I will.
Thinking of you. So sorry for your loss.
A beautiful testament. She was pretty freakin' amazing.
She sure was. Thanks for reading.
Thank you, Kate and Lisa. I appreciate it.
Abby, I'm so sorry. Someone like that is a light to the rest of us. How wonderful that you had one last opportunity to be with her.
Beth, I'm so sorry for the loss. What a beautiful reminder to take the time to connect with those we love.
I love that, Mary. And I believe it. Thanks for sharing that.
Thank you all for your very thoughtful comments. I am reading and feeling each one. To everyone who reads about her, I want to say "You would've loved her." She could find something in common with anyone.
And Kathy, I'm glad this reminded you of someone in your life that you can reconnect with.
I'm so sorry for your loss. I feel like I was punched in the gut reading this. Sending numerous prayers your way. She was simply amazing.
Thank you so much, Helen. That means a lot to me.
I really must say, that your words in this blog, months later still resonate (sp) with me. I have logged on several times just reread this post about our friend.
I am glad that you have the words to speak about this, because all this time later, I just can't come to grips with those two children not knowing how great their mom was.
Thanks, Eileen. I appreciate your kind words. I can't come to grips with it, either. I have seen the children from time to time and they seem to be coping as well as could be expected.


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Home |Multimedia | Environment Videos
Environment Videos - Heartland Institute Debunks Bill Nye on the Ingraham Angle (Laura Ingraham)
Heartland Institute Debunks Bill Nye on the Ingraham Angle (Laura Ingraham)
Heartland Institute Policy Advisor Gregory Wrightstone was a guest on the Ingraham Angle on Tuesday, March 12 to debunk climate change alarmism -- specifically another nutty claim by Bill Nye "The Science Guy." Laura also noted that Apple deplatformed the new app by the author of "Inconvenient Facts."
Justin Haskins on the Green New Deal
Justin Haskins, executive editor at The Heartland Institute, joins Tipping Point With Liz Wheeler to talk about the Green New Deal, socialism, and it's growth in mainstream politics.
What is the Green New Deal? Straight Up Socialism, USSR-style
Justin Haskins, executive editor for The Heartland Institute, discusses the Green New Deal and Heartland's new Stopping Socialism Project on Fox and Friends (January 11, 2019)
Heartland's Justin Haskins on Tucker Carlson Tonight
Heartland Institute's Justin Haskins discusses Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's so-called "Green New Deal" on Tucker Carlson Tonight on the Fox News Channel (Jan. 8, 2019)
Why Wind Farms Are Bad for the Environment
Wolfgang Müller, General Secretary of the German organization EIKE, or The European Institute for Climate and Energy, talks about the environmental impacts of wind farms. He concludes they are detrimental to the environment.
Environmentalists Don't Want You to See This Video
James Taylor, senior fellow for environment and energy policy at The Heartland Institute, explains why President Trump was right to pull the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement.
For COP24: Top 5 Things Al Gore Got Wrong on Climate Change
Al Gore has made hundreds of millions with his doomsday claims on climate change. How do all of his predictions look in 2018? Not great.
Heartland's Jay Lehr Testifies to New York City Council on Sea Level Rise
Heartland Institute Science Director Jay Lehr, Ph.D., was the only witness among more than two dozen Costa Constantinides brought before his New York City Council committee to push back at the notion the Big Apple will be underwater soon due to man-caused climate change. Councilman Constantinides thought he could ambush Dr. Lehr, and learned otherwise.
Tom Harris Demolishes Climate Change Lies
Tom Harris, executive director of the International Climate Science Coalition, demolishes the 97% lie climate alarmists rely on. This video was filmed at The Heartland Institute's rebuttal of the Global Climate Action Summit.
Anthony Watts Explains Why It's Not as Warm as You Think!
Anthony Watts, founder and editor at wattsupwiththat.com, explains why the oft-reported surface temperature record is inaccurate, misleading, and an insult to proper science.
Four Climate Scientists Destroy Climate Change Alarmism
Four climate scientists destroy the anthropogenic global warming myth in response to the Global Climate Action Summit.
CO2 is Not a Pollutant!
David Legates, professor of climatology in the Department of Geography at the University of Delaware, explains why carbon dioxide is not a pollutant. In his view, increasing CO2 levels are a net benefit to the Earth.
Podcasts View All Podcasts
In The Tank (Ep209) – Climate Change Confessions, Bernie's Bill of Rights
The Incalculable Societal Benefits of Fossil Fuels (Guest: Roger Bezdek)
In The Tank (ep201) – Capitalism is Saving the Planet, Bernie Exploits his Workers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Initiatives
Aid by Trade Foundation
The Aid by Trade Foundation was established in 2005. Under the credo to help people help themselves through trade it stands for an innovative approach that focuses on activating market forces instead of relying on charity. Together with various partners from textile industry, governmental and non-governmental organisations, the foundation makes a significant contribution towards combatting poverty and protecting the environment.
The Aid by Trade Foundation (AbTF) is a non-profit organization, pursues charitable aims and is based in Hamburg, Germany.
The Aid by Trade Foundation (AbTF) was founded in 2005 by Prof. Dr. Michael Otto, an entrepreneur from Hamburg, Germany. Originally the foundation was named "Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry in Developing Countries" (FSAF). In 2007, the foundation changed its name to "Aid by Trade Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry".
The aim of the foundation, which operates independently ever since, is to help people to help themselves through trade, thereby promoting environmental protection and securing the livelihoods of future generations. With the support of various partners from industry, government, research, and NGOs, the foundation focuses on aid by trade. Beyond supporting sustainable cultivation of agricultural and forestry products, the long-term aim is to further develop the value chains in those countries where the raw materials are produced in order to generate maximum added value.
The work of the Aid by Trade Foundation is led by an international body, the Board of Trustees.
The Board of Trustees of the Aid by Trade Foundation is staffed with internationally leading figures from NGOs, the public sector, and trade. Its purpose is to ensure that the foundation's main objectives are implemented. The board of trustees consists of at least 6 and at most 12 members, chaired by Prof. Dr. Michael Otto. The first members of the panel were appointed by the founder of the Aid by Trade Foundation, Prof. Dr. Michael Otto. New members are nominated by the AbTF Management and elected for a term of two years by the current Board of Trustees. Members may be re-elected for additional terms. The management of the foundation drafts a report about the activities of the foundation to the Board of Trustees twice a year and presents its future plans.
Prof Dr. Michael Otto
Chairman of the Board of Trustees / Chairman of Supervisory Board Otto Group
Dr. Wolfgang Jamann
Deputy Chairman of the Board of Trustees / Executive Director International Civil Society Centre
Eberhard Brandes
Managing Director WWF Germany
Dr. Maria Flachsbarth
Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development
Olaf Gieseler
Managing Director CURATAX Treuhand GmbH Steuerberatungsgesellschaft
Prof. Dr. Johannes Merck
Chief Corporate Responsibility Officer & Advisor, Otto Group
Mathias Mogge
Secretary General and Chairman of the Board Welthungerhilfe
Uwe Schröder
Honorary member of the Board of Trustees / Co-founder of Tom Tailor Group
James Shikwati
Director of Inter Region Economic Network (IREN) Kenya
Munir zaveri
CEO Alliance Ginneries Ltd.
Jean-Claude Talon
Commercial and Logistics Director SODECO SA Groupe SFP, Benin
Tina Stridde
Aid by Trade Foundation Managing Director
The task of the Managing Director is the operational and strategic lead of the Aid by Trade Foundation and the achievement of its objectives. This is based on the Foundation's statutes and the resolutions of the Board of Trustees. Tina Stridde was appointed Managing Director by the Board in 2015.
Both the "Cotton made in Africa" and "The Good Cashmere" standards operate under the umbrella of the Aid by Trade Foundation and enable it to put its goals into practice. Instead of collecting donations, an alliance of textile companies and brands is formed, which purchases the sustainable raw material at normal market prices and pays a licence fee to use our seal. The foundation reinvests income from licences in accordance with its foundation goals.
Cotton Made In Africa
Cotton made in Africa (CmiA) is a standard for sustainable cotton from Africa. Since its inception in 2005, CmiA has been committed to environmental protection and improved living and working conditions of smallholder cotton farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.
The Good Cashmere
The AbTF has developed a standard for sustainable Cashmere in Inner Mongolia encompassing animal welfare, social criteria and ecological sustainability. Since September the consultation phase has been completed. You can download the standard here:
The Good Cashmere Standard
Cotton Made In Africa Organic
Cotton made in Africa (CmiA) Organic is a standard for ecological cotton from Africa and part of the Aid by Trade Foundation's standard family. CmiA Organic complements the existing Eco Standard EC No. 834/2007 as well as the NOP guideline with the social and economic criteria of CmiA.
Gurlittstraße 14, 20099 Hamburg
+49 (0)40 - 25 76 755 - 0
+49 (0)40 - 25 76 755 - 11
info@abt-foundation.org
© 2019- ABTF


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It's Tax Time - Don't be Phished
It's that taxing time of the year. Employees have received W-2 forms and the tax filing season has begun in earnest. And, as night follows day, last year's W-2 spear-phishing scam has returned. The IRS and state tax authorities have issued a new alert to HR and payroll departments to beware of phony emails intended to capture personal information of employees. The emails generally appear to be from a senior executive (typically the CEO or CFO) to a company payroll office or HR employee and request a PDF or list of employee W-2 forms for the tax year. Those forms contain all the information any cybercriminal needs to file a fraudulent tax return for a tax refund. That scam cost the US taxpayer about $21 billon in 2016. Over 70 companies fell victim to the 2016 scam and hundreds of thousands of employee records, including Social Security numbers, were compromised.
To refresh your memory, here are some of the details that may be contained in the emails:
Kindly send me the individual 2016 W-2 (PDF) and earnings summary of all W-2 of our company staff for a quick review.
Can you send me the updated list of employees with full details (Name, Social Security Number, Date of Birth, Home Address, Salary).
I want you to send me the list of W-2 copy of employees wage and tax statement for 2016, I need them in PDF file type, you can send it as an attachment. Kindly prepare the lists and email them to me asap.
We've already seen some activity on this front being reported from around the country. These incidents not only create angst for employees, but they constitute data breaches reportable under state law because personal information has been exposed to an unauthorized (and unknown) individual and the risk of identity theft is high. Last year's incidents also resulted in class action lawsuits by employees against some of the victimized companies.
Employees Are Front Line of Defense
These emails look absolutely legitimate. That is what makes them so effective. The header of the email may look exactly as one would expect, mirroring the company fonts, duplicating automated signature blocks, and containing the actual email address of the spoofed executive in the "From:" line. Often, the return email address won't even be visible until after the reply is sent unless the user specifically expands the address field. If you look carefully, it is likely that the domain name is a few characters "off" from the company's legitimate domain name, such as substituting the number one (1) for the letter "l" or replacing a ".org" with a ".com". The more sophisticated attacks may utilize information obtained from LinkedIn® or social media designed to lull the target into a false sense of trust.
Awareness of these attacks and the problem is the key for employees.
Train employees -- particularly HR and payroll employees -- who handle sensitive information to be wary of direct requests for personal information from company executives. Send out samples of such emails and establish a campaign to raise employee consciousness. A bit of skepticism goes a long way in protecting against this type of attack. Confirmation of this type of request should be standard operating procedure, no matter who appears to have sent it. Your company's IT department should also be monitoring for phishing trends and remaining on the alert for suspicious outgoing activity, including large files or attachments.
Ask. Since we have already seen reports of these attacks very early in this tax year, it is time to check in and insure that your company has not already fallen victim. It's important to respond quickly to reduce total damage to the organization, and most importantly, to your employees. Affected individuals can protect themselves with certain forms filed with the IRS - but it's only effective if they know soon enough.
The Mintz Levin Privacy team is here to help with employee training or preparing a plan to respond to an incident.


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HDTV Schedule for September 12, 2009
September 12, 2009 by Derek
ABC (720p) has NASCAR Sprint Cup Series action & Richmond at 7 p.m.
CBS (1080i) airs U.S. Open Tennis at 8 p.m.
Fox (720p) has the season premiere of Cops at 8 & 8:30 p.m.
Syfy (1080i) airs Lightning Strikes at 9 p.m.
HBO (1080i) brings 24/7: Mayweather/Marquez at 10 p.m.
TLC (1080i) airs Moving Up at 10 p.m.
ESPNU (720p) has Vanderbilt/LSU at 7 p.m. and Utah/San Jose St. college football at 10:30 p.m.
ESPN (720p) airs USC/Ohio State college football at 8 p.m.
ESPN2 (720p) has South Carolina/Georgia college football at 7 p.m.
Two words: College Football, and lots of it, and mostly in HD. We love it and the bigger the screen, the better for football, it seems like.
Rounding out the fun is a new episode and season of Cops starting up, always one of our favorite shows for watching some of the real "genuises" of society get screen time in our living rooms, and US Open Tennis and NASCAR too. Plenty to keep the guys in the family entertained tonight.
Tags: college football, cops, hd


Life in the camp was hard, and sometimes dangerous. Like many refugee camps it was overcrowded. People lived in hastily constructed shelters. There was limited access to health care and very little food or water. Nadine was now an orphan in the camp and needed to rely on strangers in order to survive.
For the ten long years that Nadine was living alone in a Tanzanian refugee camp, she never stopped searching for her family.


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Q: Web enabled password manager I am looking for a password manager that suits the needs of a small team. Each team member needs their own vault, and that vault cannot be restricted to a single machine, as members change computers a lot.
So i need a password manager with a central storage, that can be accessed by different users from changing computers, preferably through a client.
To make matters worse, we are in a mixed OS environment so we are running both Debian, Redhat and Windows. AND we can't use an externally hosted service, it has to run inhouse.
Does anyone know of a distributed password vault that suits my needs?

A: I would contact www.lastpass.com and ask about enterprise vault storage. You may be able to have something designed to suit your mixed environment. If I come across any other solution for something managed in-house, I'll update the answer. As a guess, I would centralize it to a webserver in-house and create something similiar to how www.lastpass.com has done for the public.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Unifold P-Series door utilises durable, UV-stabilised PVC hinge.
Unifold P-Series door utilises durable, UV-stabilised PVC hinge. The hinges are housed within a matching ball profile cut for the full length of a panel. This hinge has been designed to withstand continuous use in any climate type. The durability of the PVC hinge is ensured with a minimum wall thickness of 1mm.


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Home » Focus Areas » Healthy Communities » California Project LEAN
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California Project LEAN
California Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging Activity and Nutrition) is a program of the Public Health Institute. It works to advance nutrition and physical activity policy in schools and communities to prevent obesity and associated chronic diseases. Efforts center on youth and parent empowerment approaches, policy and environmental change strategies, and community-based solutions that improve nutrition and physical activity environments primarily in low-resource, high-need communities.
Program Director(s)
Lynn Silver
Program Site
http://www.californiaprojectlean.org/
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Advancing and Supporting School Wellness
California Project LEAN is providing leadership and training to a Fresno school district's school wellness council to develop and implement goals that support student health and academic success.
Advancing District School Wellness Policy Efforts
California Project LEAN will work with Community Partners and Thriving Schools Partnership Grantees to advance district school wellness policy efforts by providing two trainings and on-going technical assistance by two trainers for English and Spanish facilitation.
Advancing School Wellness
In partnership with the Alliance for a Healthier Generation, California Project LEAN will work with Kerman school district stakeholders to support their Wellness goals.
Advancing School Wellness through Policy
This project will build upon California Project LEAN's experience and expertise in nutrition and physical activity policies and environmental change practices in the school and community environments.
Kern County School Wellness Training
California Project LEAN will be offering training, technical assistance, and expert consultation in both Spanish and English on policy and environmental change strategies and school-based solutions that will improve opportunities for healthful eating and physical activity.
Lawndale Elementary School District Wellness Training
California Project LEAN will work with Community Partners and Thriving Schools Partnership Grantees to advance district school wellness policy efforts with the Lawndale Elementary School District Wellness Council.
Local School Wellness Policy Implementation and Action Planning Training
California Project LEAN will develop and facilitate a Local School Wellness Policy Implementation and Action Planning 3-hour training for California Center for Public Health Advocacy and partners utilizing its Policy in Action toolkit.
Momentum Continues to Advance School Wellness
California Project LEAN will strengthen school wellness policies related to meals, beverages, and physical activity by providing technical assistance to parents and school districts in Kern County.
South Kern County School District Health Promotion
California Project LEAN will promote health in school environments by building the capacity of school administrators and parents in South Kern County school districts to improve school meals and beverages.
Here's How We're Making a Difference
Evaluating the Berkeley Soda Tax
When Berkeley, CA became the first city in the U.S. to pass a significant excise tax on sugary drinks in 2014, PHI was hired to evaluate its impact. Lynn Silver, PHI's senior advisor on chronic disease and former assistant health commissioner in New York City, worked with PHI's Survey Research Group and the University of North Carolina to evaluate the tax's impact on consumption patterns and prices. Their results showed that the $0.01 per ounce soda tax is working as intended: the fee was passed on to the retail price of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in large and small chain supermarkets and gas stations. View the preliminary findings.
In 2017, PHI and the University of North Carolina completed a second evaluation of the tax. Published in PLOS Medicine, the largest-to-date evaluation looked at the first 12 months of the tax's implementation, and showed a 9.6% drop in sugar-sweetened beverage purchases. Meanwhile, the sales of untaxed healthier beverages rose significantly, by 3.5%—and sales of water rose by 15.6%. The study found no negative impact on store revenue or consumer grocery bills, and the tax helped the city raise $1,416,973 for nutrition and obesity prevention activities in schools, childcare and other community settings. Read the study.
An additional PHI analysis found that a year and a half after passage of the tax, food sector sales tax revenue rose by 15% in the city, and 469 new food sector jobs were created—an increase of 7.2%. Learn more.
Helping Parents Advocate for Healthier School Food Environments
PHI's Project LEAN trained 22 participants in California—including community-based organization staff, parent leaders, school district employees, health advocates, promotoras and others—on how to best educate parents about the link between sugary drinks and obesity, and to empower parents to advocate for healthy beverages in their child's school.
As a result, parents and advocates in Chula Vista, CA successfully lobbied to change the school district's policy—removing chocolate milk from cafeterias and providing healthier food and vending options overall. In total, this impacted 29,000 students in 45 school districts, ensuring healthier school food environments throughout the district.
Project LEAN Survey Spurs Legislation to Ban Junk Food in Schools
A survey from PHI's California Project LEAN stunned the public when it disclosed that 95% of high schools that responded were selling fast food from restaurants like McDonald's and Domino's Pizza as a la carte items.
The "2000 California High School Fast Food Survey" and the media campaign that accompanied it drew widespread news coverage and galvanized the movement to improve school nutrition. Most important, it contributed to the passage of legislation that today bans the sale of junk food and soda in California schools.
Supporting Healthy Options
PHI research, evaluation and media advocacy played a key role in the passage of new taxes on sugary beverages around the country in 2016, which will raise millions to support children and healthier communities. Research by Dr. Lynn Silver, as well as PHI's Berkeley Media Studies Group, evaluated existing soda taxes, helped counter misleading messages from the soda industry and framed the conversation around public health.


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Friedrich Martini (* vor 1555 in Hainstadt; † 1630 in Freiburg im Breisgau) war ein deutscher Rechtswissenschaftler und Hochschullehrer.

Leben
Martini kam 1565 als Student an die Universität Ingolstadt. Er wurde 1573 unter heftigem Widerstand der Jesuiten weltlicher Professor der Logik. 1578/1579 wechselte er an die juristische Fakultät, an der er Professor des Römischen Rechts wurde. 1582 übernahm er den Lehrstuhl für kanonisches Recht. 1589 folgte er einem Ruf als Professor des Kirchenrechts an die Universität Freiburg im Breisgau. 1591 vertrat er die Angelegenheiten der Freiburger Universität bei Kaiser Rudolf II. in Prag, 1592 lehnte er einen Ruf an das Reichskammergericht ab.

Martini publizierte in fast jedem seiner Amtsjahre Schriften.

Johann von Leuchselring war sein Schwiegersohn.

Werke (Auswahl)
 Theses De Bello, Dvello, Et, Qvod Ex His Seqvitvr, Homicidio. Eder, Ingolstadt 1589.
 De Iure Fisci. Assertiones Ivridicae. Becklerus, Freiburg im Breisgau 1597.
 De Ivre Censvvm, Sev Annvorvm Reditvvm, Eorvm Potissimvm, Qvi Emptionis Titvlo Comparantvr Commentarivs. Böckler, Freiburg im Breisgau 1604.
 Commentarius de iure censuum. Köln 1660.
 Singularia et iuris notabilia. Köln 1660.
 Clarissimorum Virorum Caspari Manzii Et Friderici Martini Juris Consultorum, … Opus Absolutissimum De Eo, Quod-Interest. LaHaye, Ingolstadt 1705.

Literatur

Weblinks

 Friedrich Martini auf leo-bw.de

Kirchenrechtler (kanonisches Recht)
Rechtswissenschaftler (16. Jahrhundert)
Rechtswissenschaftler (17. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Ingolstadt)
Hochschullehrer (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg)
Geboren im 16. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 1630
Mann

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Legislative Attorney (Constitutional Law, Administrative Law, or Courts and Civil Procedure)
Washington, D.C
Administrative, Lawyer and Attorney
Government and Public Services, Federal
The Congressional Research Service (CRS) is currently seeking several Legislative Attorneys for its American Law Division (ALD). The Legislative Attorneys will analyze legal questions that emerge from the work of Congress related to constitutional law, administrative law, or courts and civil procedure in particular and American public law in general. This is a non-litigating position emphasizing legal research, analysis, and writing in a public service legislative context.
The Legislative Attorney will work within ALD, one of CRS's five research divisions. ALD's areas of research, analysis, and consultative support include all facets of law in the United States, including administrative, business, civil rights, constitutional, energy, environmental, health, immigration, intellectual property, international, labor, military, national security, procurement, tax, and trade law.
The Legislative Attorney prepares objective, non-partisan analytical studies, descriptive and background memoranda, and reports on legal issues of national significance; provides personal consultation and assistance to congressional committees, Members, and staff on legal issues throughout the legislative process; and participates in or leads team research projects and seminars. The incumbent is expected to develop the skills necessary to provide legal analysis and consultation to congressional committees, Members, and staff at increasingly sophisticated levels.
Candidates with research experience in and broad general knowledge of legal issues regarding constitutional law, administrative law, or courts and civil procedure in particular and American public law in general AND strong research, writing, and oral communication skills AND who possess a portfolio of high-quality legal analytical writing are encouraged to apply. Experience as a judicial clerk would be particularly beneficial.
The position's primary focus is the broad area of constitutional law, administrative law, or courts and civil procedure in particular and American public law in general. However, given ALD's relatively small staff and the breadth of issues ALD covers for Congress, candidates must be capable of working in a number of different areas of the law and have the intellectual curiosity to seek out and maintain a broad portfolio of legal issues.
CRS works exclusively for the U.S. Congress, providing policy and legal analysis to committees and Members of both the House and Senate, regardless of party affiliation. As a legislative branch agency within the Library of Congress, CRS has been a valued and respected resource on Capitol Hill for more than a century.
CRS is well known for analysis that is authoritative, confidential, objective, and nonpartisan. Its highest priority is to ensure that Congress has immediate access to the nation's best thinking on legal and public policy issues of interest to its Members and Committees.
Legislative Attorney duties include:
Preparing authoritative reports on legal issues of legislative interest, including surveys and explanations of existing law, comparisons of laws and bills, the activities and legal positions of government and private entities, the progress and implications of significant litigation, and analysis of the legal framework that applies to topics of current legislative focus.
Preparing probing and innovative legal memoranda in response to inquiries from congressional offices and committees. These memoranda often address complex legal questions within the attorney's specialized field of law and relate to the development, interpretation, or implementation of important public policies.
Responding to congressional office and committee requests for oral briefings and consultations. In such consultations, CRS legislative attorneys educate congressional personnel about existing law, clarify legal questions, identify and discuss legal options, and assist them in understanding the legal framework necessary to develop and implement their legislative purposes.
Making full use of the Library of Congress's research capabilities to locate, organize, summarize, and interpret legal information in support of service to Congress, and drawing on information available from other institutions, research materials, or professionals in the field.
Ensuring that the Constitution Annotated of the United States , the official record of the U.S. Constitution, remains accurate and timely through historical research, analysis of current developments in constitutional law, and review and assimilation of practice materials and academic discourse.
Advising and assisting other legislative attorneys, analysts, and specialists through provision of legal analysis and information in support of their service to Congress.
Preparing and delivering oral presentations at CRS seminars and other outreach programs.
This position is not eligible for permanent remote telework.
Library employees must be fully vaccinated by Monday, January 3, 2022. New hires must be fully vaccinated by the date of their appointment.
Employees are considered fully vaccinated when it has been at least two weeks since they received the second dose of a two-dose COVID-19 vaccine (e.g., Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna) or the single dose of a one-dose vaccine (e.g., Johnson & Johnson/Janssen). At this time, booster shots are not necessary to be considered fully vaccinated.
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Applicants must have had progressively responsible experience and training sufficient in scope and quality to furnish them with an acceptable level of the following knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform the duties of the position without more than normal supervision.
Knowledge of constitutional law, administrative law, or courts and civil procedure in particular and American public law in general**
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The following documents MUST BE ATTACHED to your online application:
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Failure to submit the required legible documentation at the time of application will result in disqualification of your application.
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Renning as a Gold Knight in Radiant Dawn.
Pinnacles of knighthood, with peerless riding, sword, and axe skills. They wield the skill Sol.
The Gold Knight (Japanese: ゴールドナイト Gold Knight) is an advanced cavalry class which was introduced in Fire Emblem Gaiden. They are a rare third-tier promoted class and the final stage in class change lines for some cavalry classes which various Paladin variants promote to. In Gaiden and its remake, Echoes: Shadows of Valentia, they wield only lances, and in Radiant Dawn they wield both swords and axes while a counterpart class, the Silver Knight, wields lances instead as well as bows.
Gold Knights are, like their Paladin predecessors, defined by being well-balanced with decent stats all around. Their offensive prowess, durability and agility are all high if not outstanding, and their resistance is somewhat superior to that of most physically-inclined classes. As a mounted class, their most outstanding feature is their high movement which allows them to cross battlefields at a much greater rate than infantry, although in return they, like all cavalry, are significantly more hindered by terrain penalties.
In Gaiden and Shadows of Valentia, the Gold Knight is the final stage in the Cavalier's class change line, promoting from Paladins; additionally, Villagers have the ability to promote to Cavalier and eventually become Gold Knights as well. In Radiant Dawn, the Gold Knight is the final class for Sword Knights and Axe Knights, with both Blade Paladins and Axe Paladins promoting to Gold Knight.
Gold Knights in Gaiden and Shadows of Valentia also have a base class strength of 1.
Additionally, in Echoes: Shadows of Valentia, Gold Knights possess a passive skill marking them as a mounted unit.
Axe Knight Using a Master Seal after reaching Level 10, or reaching Level 21.
Axe Paladin Using a Master Crown after reaching Level 10, or reaching Level 21.
Playable Gold Knight units in the Fire Emblem series.
Enemy Gold Knight units in the Fire Emblem series.
The most skilled of mounted knights. They use both swords and axes. They wield the skill Sol. ??
Pinnacles of knighthood, with peerless riding, sword, and axe skills. They wield the skill Sol. ??
Ultimate knights clad in gold. Their mobility trumps any class, and they can clear dozens of foes of their owns. ??
An ultimate knight with unsurpassed mobility. ??
After the cast listing in Gaiden's ending, a gold knight runs across the screen.
• 黄金騎将ゴールドナイト • Known by this abbreviation in Gaiden due to space constraints. Material outside of the game itself uses ゴールドナイト.
• Officially romanized as Gold Knight; literally "golden rider-general". In Radiant Dawn, all Japanese class names are spelled primarily in kanji (i.e. 黄金騎将), with a foreign-language name in katakana applied as furigana (i.e. ゴールドナイト) and used as the basis for the romanized name in the class roll.
Kieran as a Gold Knight in Radiant Dawn.
Makalov as a Gold Knight in Radiant Dawn.
The generic male Gold Knight portrait in Echoes: Shadows of Valentia.
The generic Specter/Death Mask male Gold Knight portrait in Echoes: Shadows of Valentia.
The generic female Gold Knight portrait in Echoes: Shadows of Valentia.
The generic Specter/Death Mask female Gold Knight portrait in Echoes: Shadows of Valentia.


• The applicants will need to provide their own flight tickets but the visa will be refunded and extended free of charge.
• All interns are encouraged to work on a research topic!
1. Clarify your interest in zoo / wild animals (prior internship, literature study, publications, hobby, personal animal handling experience, special knowledge in specific fields)?
2. Have you ever done any public presentation/s or publication/s?
3. Do you have experience in scientific research?
4. Do you have experience in using computers and computer programs? If yes, which programs and software are you familiar with?
5. Are you able and confident to work on your own with minimum supervision, if necessary?
6. What do you expect of an internship at AWWP?
7. What are your targets or goals in your professional life?
Please send your answers of the above questions, your CV, preferred time of an internship.


text:
Helps Enhance the Following: Sexual Performance - Energy - Mood - Circulation - Immune Support - Overall Vitality
We're Sorry, due to our site upgrade work being done, logging in is not accessible at this time. For any information or assistance needed, please call our customer service desk directly at 803-428-7295 and we'll be happy to promptly help you with any matter.
Thank you for your understanding, the Raw-Nation team.
Benefits For Men
Why choose a natural enhancer?
Benefits For Women
About Raw-Nation's Hot Rawks™
Dale Dabone
Raw-Nation's Hot Rawks® Now Available at the World-Famous Museum of Sex
Febuary 28, 2012 – The first and only certified organic libido enhancer for men and women has now officially made history. They will be on display and available for purchase at the award-winning Museum of Sex on Fifth Avenue in New York City.
Built in 2002, the Museum of Sex has since received attention from academic institutions, major publications, media outlets, and celebrities such as Howard Stern, Jay Leno and Chris Rock – positioning the Museum of Sex within the realm of academia and pop culture alike. The Museum has been featured in numerous publications including The New York Times, The New Yorker, Esquire and Time and on television broadcasts ranging from CNN to IFC to NBC's Law & Order Criminal Intent. Accolades continue to pour in from thousands of visitors and the press in every corner of the world, inspiring the Museum of Sex to continually surpass its own high expectations. Future planned exhibitions and events – the likes of which have never ever been offered by any other institution- are guaranteed to captivate and resonate, securing the Museum of Sex a well-deserved, distinguished place in history.
The Museum of Sex sells very few items in their gift shop and favors companies that are innovative and stand out amongst other sexual products. "We are very excited to be offering Hot Rawks here at the Museum. Never before have I seen a supplement so unique and press-worthy," says Jason Sullivan, manager and product curator for the Museum of Sex.
Raw-Nation® Founder and Hot Rawks proprietor, Julie Wilson, visited the famous Manhattan Museum over five years ago and was impressed with its controversial exhibits. "I knew I would eventually be involved with this Museum somehow. I just love how they are able to capture sexuality and showcase it in a way that is respectful and classy. I'm honored that they chose to display Hot Rawks and make it available it to their visitors."
To find out more about the Museum of Sex, visit their website at MuseumofSex.com or visit the Museum itself at 233 5th Avenue (at 27th Street) New York, NY.
To find out more about Hot Rawks and to see a list of other retail locations, visit HotRawks.com.
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Raw-Nation's Hot Rawks™ featured on Sirius Radio, Leads to Serious Exposure
July 13, 2010 – Satellite radio proves to reach a vast market for the owners of Raw-Nation™, the company behind the unique, new organic aphrodisiac supplement, Hot Rawks™.
Hot Rawks™ proprietors Joe Odell and Julie Wilson were invited as guests on the Tiffany Granath Show, Playboy Channel 99 on Sirius/XM Radio.
"Our goal is to make raw, organic herbs sexy and appealing to the mainstream," says Julie Wilson, "Natural remedies are far too often marketed in a bland, boring way. We're trying to change that perception and we felt that Playboy Radio could help promote what we're doing to the masses."
After being featured on just one episode of the Tiffany Granath Show, their website literally exploded with nearly half a million hits. Along with that was the obvious increase in sales.
"Do not confuse natural for organic," Wilson warned on the air, "The word 'natural' isn't regulated. Choose organic herbs and foods whenever possible."
Literally hundreds of thousands of passionate listeners flocked to the Hot Rawks™ website to find out more about this unique product and its benefits. This proves just how many people are interested in organic products and want natural alternatives to the myriad of chemical-filled drugs and medications filling their medicine cabinets.
Raw-Nation's Hot Rawks™ is available in select stores and online at www.HotRawks.com.
Raw-Nation Announces Dale DaBone As Spokesperson for Hot Rawks
Dale DaBone New Spokesperson for World's Only Organic Sexual Enhancer, Hot Rawks™
June 15, 2010 – Dale DaBone is back and taking over. Aside from starring in some of the hottest adult films currently on the market, he's also endorsing a unique, new aphrodisiac supplement, Hot Rawks™.
Hot Rawks™ isn't your average gimmicky enhancement pill. Powered by innovative new company, Raw-Nation™, Hot Rawks™ proves to be anything but hokey. It is completely natural, certified organic, vegan, non-GMO, gluten-free, and specifically designed to enhance libido, energy, and stamina without the use of harsh stimulants, toxic chemicals, or pesticides. Hot Rawks™ is gaining popularity among young and old alike with their edgy marketing campaign.
"We want to make raw, organic herbs sexy and appealing to the mainstream," says Julie Wilson, who, along with partner Joe Odell, created Raw-Nation™, "Natural remedies are far too often marketed in a bland, boring way. We're changing that perception with Hot Rawks™". Of course, incorporating Dale DaBone in their marketing certainly can't hurt either.
Raw-Nation isn't cutting corners when it comes to their products. All of their herbs come from certified organic farms, and even their t-shirts are made with organic cotton and printed with soy-based ink. Hot Rawks™ recently received a nod from one of the hottest health experts out right now, best-selling author and celebrity consultant David Wolfe. Wolfe recommended Hot Rawks™ during an interview at the 2010 AVN Expo in Las Vegas. Hot Rawks™ is available in select stores or online at HotRawks.com.
No Guilt Raw Chocolate
No Guilt Raw Chocolate by Olga Aura Are you a chocolate lover? Does chocolate love you back? Or does it also give you the side effects of weight gain, headaches, and skin breakouts? There is a solution: raw chocolate – not pasteurized, no artificial sweeteners, no dairy, and best of all, no guilt! Raw chocolate combines ingredients in their natural state. That means the ingredients have not been processed, cooked, artificially colored, or saturated with chemical preservatives. Raw chocolate uses the cacao bean as it was harvested from the tree, adds a low-glycemic sweetener such as agave nectar or stevia leaf, and adds coconut oil for creaminess, rather than pasteurized cow's milk. Let's explore the cacao bean and its phenomenal nutritional properties a little bit deeper. Raw cacao bean is high in magnesium, making it a powerful brain food and natural laxative. Ten percent of its contents are antioxidants, making it a leading longevity food. Research has shown that it benefits the cardiovascular system, increases the ability of blood vessels to dilate, decreases hardening of the arteries, and thins the blood. A Harvard University study of almost 8,000 males found that chocolate lovers lived longer. Chocolate has earned the reputation It contains small amounts of phenylethylamine, a substance known to increase the activity of neurotransmitters (brain chemicals). This increases the activity of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine, hormones that keep us feeling alert, alive, joyful and happy. Chocolate is also known to be an aphrodisiac, hence its popularity as a Valentine's Day gift. It is also an appetite suppressant, which is why it is found in many weight-loss products. Raw chocolate imparts a certain state of creativity and lightheartedness upon the consumer. Creative projects seem to blossom with greater ease and success. So experiment, make your own wise choices, and enjoy the magical world of raw chocolate. As seen on http://coastviewsmag.com/no-guilt-raw-chocolate
Raw Chocolate!
The Latest Word On Raw Food: Raw Chocolate!
by David Wolfe, author of Naked Chocolate
www.davidwolfe.com
"The beverage of the gods was Ambrosia; that of man is chocolate. Both increase the length of life in a prodigious manner." – Louis Lewin, M.D., Phantastica
"Chocolate is a divine, celestial drink, the sweat of the stars, the vital seed, divine nectar, the drink of the gods, panacea and universal medicine." – Geronimo Piperni
Ca·cao
Pronounced [ka-kow]. Rhymes with "cow." CHOCOLATE and CACAO BEANS A total of 1% of the American diet consists of chocolate. In fact, chocolate is one of America's most well-loved foods. Yet, uniquely, out of millions of Americans very, very few have ever had the raw food that all chocolate comes from – cacao beans! All chocolate comes from cacao beans – the seeds of the cacao fruit – which grows on a jungle tree. Botanically, cacao is truly a nut. They may be referred to as cacao beans, cacao seeds, cacao nuts, chocolate seeds, chocolate beans, or cacao nibs – all essentially mean the same thing. For simplicity, we usually use the term "cacao beans." Cacao beans taste like dark chocolate, because they are dark chocolate! In 1753 Carl von Linnaeus, the 18th-century Swedish scientist who developed the plant and animal Latin categorization system, thought that chocolate was so important that he named the genus and species of the chocolate tree himself. He named this tree Theobroma cacao which literally means: cacao, the food of the gods. Just what the indigenous native Central Americans called it.
Edible Money
"But it is very needfull to heare what happie money they use, for they have money, which I call happy, because for the greedie desire and gaping to attaine the same, the bowelles of the earth are not rent a sunder, nor through the ravening greediness of covetous men, nor terrour of warres assayling, it returneth to the dennes and caves of the mother earth, as golden, or silver money doth. For this groweth upon trees." – Peter Martyr (Pietro Martire D'Anghiera, Milanese chronicler who coined the phrase "The New World") from De Orbe Novo (1530) In ancient Central American cultures, raw cacao beans were actually used as money. Imagine an edible money! When the Spanish came, they called cacao black gold (oro negro) or seeds of gold (pepe de oro). Montezuma (Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin), the emperor of the great city of Tenochtitlan (now Mexico city) and of the Aztec empire, had his treasure vaults filled with cacao beans, not gold! The chronicler Francisco Cervantes de Salazar mentions that the Emperor's cacao warehouse held more than 40,000 loads, which would mean 960,000,000 beans! The chronicler Motolinia tells us that in his day (shortly after Cortes' conquest of Tenochtitlan), the daily wage of a porter in central Mexico was 100 beans, which puts into perspective the following partial list of commodity prices in Tlaxcala, from a Nahuatl document circa 1545: One good turkey hen is worth 100 full cacao beans, or 120 shrunken beans. A turkey is worth 200 cacao beans. A hare [jackrabbit] or forest rabbit is worth 100 cacao beans each. A small rabbit is worth 30 cacao beans. One turkey egg is worth 3 cacao beans. An avocado newly picked is worth 3 cacao beans; when an avocado is fully ripe it will be equivalent to one cacao bean. One large tomato will be equivalent to a cacao bean. A large sapote fruit, or two small ones, is equivalent to a cacao bean. A large axolotl [larval salamander, an Aztec delicacy] is worth 4 cacao beans, a small one is worth 2 or 3 cacao beans. A tamale is exchanged for a cacao bean. A fish wrapped in maize husks is worth 3 cacao beans.
Cacao As A Superfood
Cacao Beans contain over 300 chemically identifiable compounds making it one of the most complex food substances on Earth! Substances in chocolate that have been discussed in the scientific literature as pharmacologically significant, include: anandamide (bliss chemical), arginine (Sunfood Nutrition's Viagra), dopamine (neurotransmitter), epicatechins (antioxidants), histamine, magnesium, serotonin (anti-stress neurotransmitter), tryptophan (anti-depressant amino acid), phenylethylamine (PEA), polyphenols (antioxidants), tyramine, and salsolinol.
Dr. Bernard Jensen's research on the heart indicates that this organ requires two minerals more than any other, magnesium and potassium. Magnesium is concentrated eighteen times greater in the heart muscle than in the bloodstream. Magnesium is the primarily mineral missing when heart problems occur. Magnesium increases the overall vigor of the heart muscle. This mineral also decreases blood coagulation thus lowering blood pressure and helping the heart pump more effectively. Cacao, of course, is a fantastic food source of heart-supporting magnesium.
According to research cited in The New York Times, fresh cacao beans are super-rich in antioxidant flavonols. Cacao beans contain 10,000 milligrams (10 grams) per 100 grams of flavonol antioxidants. This is a whopping 10% antioxidant concentration level! This makes cacao one of the richest sources of antioxidants of any food. Compare the cacao bean to processed cocoa powder (defatted, roasted cacao treated with potassium carbonate) and chocolates which range in flavonol content from the more common concentration of 500 milligrams per 100 grams in normal chocolate bars to 5,000 milligrams in Mars Corporation's special Cocoapro cocoa powder. Research has demonstrated that the antioxidants in cacao are highly stable and easily available to human metabolism. Cornell University food scientists found that cocoa powder has nearly twice the antioxidants of red wine and up to three times what is found in green tea. Their findings were published in an article entitled "Cocoa Has More Phenolic Phytochemicals and a Higher Antioxidant Capacity than Teas and Red Wine," found in the American Chemical Society's Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, a peer-reviewed publication. Scientists have known that cocoa contains significant antioxidants, but no one knew just how rich they were compared with those in red wine and green tea. The Cornell researchers, led by Chang Y. Lee, chairman of the Department of Food Science and Technology at Cornell University's New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, N.Y., say the reason that cocoa leads the other drinks is its high content of antioxidant compounds called phenolic phytochemicals, or flavonoids. They discovered 611 milligrams of the phenolic compound gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 564 milligrams of the flavonoid epicatechin equivalents (ECE) in a single serving of cocoa. Examining a glass of red wine, the researchers found 340 milligrams of GAE and 163 milligrams of ECE. In a cup of green tea, they found 165 milligrams of GAE and 47 milligrams of ECE. Antioxidant ORAC levels per 100 grams: dark chocolate – 13,120 milk chocolate – 6,740 prunes – 5,770 raisins – 2,830 blueberries – 2,400 blackberries – 2036 kale – 1,770 strawberries – 1540 spinach – 1260 raspberries – 1220 brussel sprouts – 980 plums – 949 alfalfa sprouts – 930 broccoli – 890 The ORAC test examines the antioxidant levels of various foods. The higher the ORAC score, the higher the level of antioxidants present in the food. Source: US Department of Agriculture / Journal of the American Chemical Society Dairy Products and Antioxidants Cacao and dark chocolate boost antioxidants; however, the addition of dairy products/milk cancels out the effects of antioxidants. Studies indicate that dairy products specifically block the absorption of all the great antioxidants in chocolate!
A recent study showed that only one out of 500 people who thought they were allergic to chocolate actually tested positive. The idea that chocolate is a common allergen has been around for a long time, but recent evidence suggests allergy to chocolate is quite rare. It is more often the case that the person is in fact allergic to milk and dairy products. Acne Research by the U.S. Naval Academy concluded that there is no evidence that chocolate causes or exacerbates acne. It is likely that the sugar added to chocolate exacerbates acne. What we are finding is that chocolate itself is a health food, especially in its raw form as cacao beans. It is the substances added to chocolate that cause the problems: dairy products/milk and sugar!
Methylxanthines: Theobromine and Caffeine
Cacao can increases one's energy substantially. Cacao does contain the stimulating methylxanthines: theobromine and a small amount of caffeine. Theobromine Theobromine makes up between 1-2% of the cacao bean. Theobromine stimulates the central nervous system, relaxes smooth muscles, and dilates blood vessels. Theobromine has about 1/4 of the stimulating power of its sister molecule caffeine. Theobromine is also a mild diuretic (increases urination) and has been used as a medical drug in cases where a heart attack had resulted in an accumulation of body fluid. Theobromine is a cardiac stimulant. This is a reason why it has been used to treat high blood pressure. One of the reasons why dogs should not eat cacao or chocolate is because this food can cause cardiac arrest. Dogs simply lack the enzymes necessary to metabolize quantities of theobromine in excess of 100-150 mg per kilogram of the dog's body weight. Caffeine Estimates of how much caffeine is present in cacao differ, depending on the source. However, it generally agreed that chocolate is a poor source of caffeine. Consider the following estimates we came across in our research: A 1.4 ounce-piece of chocolate (40 grams) contains the same amount of caffeine as one cup of decaffeinated coffee. A cup of hot chocolate usually contains about 4 or 5 milligrams of caffeine, which is about 1/20 that of a cup of regular coffee. According to the Chocolate Information Center, a 50-gram piece of dark chocolate – about the size of your average chocolate bar – will yield between 10 and 60 milligrams of caffeine, while an average 5-ounce cup of coffee can yield up to 175 milligrams. 800 grams of milk chocolate (that's a lot of chocolate!) contains the equivalent amount of caffeine present in a cup of coffee. A cup of coffee may contain 50 to 175 milligrams of caffeine, a cup of tea contains 25 to 100 milligrams, and a cup of cocoa beverage contains 25 milligrams to none. Interesting research on caffeine in the field of homeopathy (a branch of medical science) indicates caffeine's stimulating effect when cooked, but not when eaten raw. One experiment conducted with a decoction of roasted ground cacao beans in boiling water produced an excitement of the nervous system similar to that caused by black coffee and an excited state of circulation, demonstrated by an accelerated pulse. Notably, when the same decoction was made with raw, unroasted cacao beans neither effect was noticeable.
Phenylethylamine (PEA)
PEA is a chemical in cacao that increases the activity of neurotransmitters (brain chemicals) in parts of the brain that control our ability to pay attention and stay alert. Elevated PEA levels occur when we are captivated by a good book, movie, or project; this happens specifically during those moments when we are so focused that we lose all track of time, food, and the outside world. PEA is noticeably abundant in the brains of happy people. Chocolate has been found to contain up to 2.2% phenylethylamine (PEA).
Anandamide (The Bliss Chemical)
A neurotransmitter called anandamide (n-arachidonoylethanolamine), has been isolated in cacao in quantities significant enough to affect the brain. Anandamide is a cannabinoid naturally found in the human brain. Anandamide is a lipid (fat) known as "the bliss chemical" because it is released while we are feeling great. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO Inhibitors) These rare MAO inhibitors actually produce favorable results when consumed by allowing more serotonin and other neurotransmitters such as anandamide, dopamine, etc. to circulate in the brain. According to Dr. Gabriel Cousens, MAO inhibitors facilitate youthening and rejuvenation. MAO inhibitors make one younger as they allow more neurotransmitters to remain in the bloodstream. A primary phenomenon that separates children from adults is the level of neurotransmitters in the blood and bodies of children. Generally, as one remains on the planet longer and longer, the level of neurotransmitters decreases. This creates physical rigidity, less creativity, less joy, and more aging! Cacao, being an MAO inhibitor, keeps plenty of neurotransmitters in circulation and thus stops this phenomenon from ever occurring.
As with all languages, the peoples of pre-Columbian Central America often spoke in metaphors composed of words or phrases which, when uttered in sequence, had a hidden meaning. One of these metaphors was yollotl, eztli, "heart, blood," which referred to cacao. Chocolate truly is food for the heart – it is the heart's "blood," due to its magnesium, antioxidants, love chemicals and esoteric properties. Chocolate, as we know it, is known for its sensual love vibration. Chocolate is the symbol of sensuality, pleasure, and sexuality. Some writers have claimed that 50% of women prefer chocolate to sex! (imagine if they were given real chocolate: cacao beans!) We have often heard that "chocolate opens the heart" – which is actually true. Chocolate is the gift to all lovers. Chocolates are always given as love offerings. A box of chocolates is one of the most common gifts for Valentine's Day. Cacao, because it is unadulterated, has an even stronger love energy. In ancient Aztec wedding ceremonies, the bride and groom would exchange 5 cacao beans with each other.
Sunfood Nutrition's Prozac (Anti-Depressant Properties of Cacao)
As we have noted, cacao is one of Sunfood Nutrition's richest sources of magnesium, which is a heart as well as brain mineral. Cacao is also a great source of serotonin, dopamine, and phenylethylamine, three well-studied neurotransmitters, which help alleviate depression and are associated with feelings of well being. Cacao contains monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO Inhibitors) that improve our mood because they allow serotonin and dopamine to remain in the bloodstream longer without being broken down. Cacao contains anandamide which delivers blissful feelings. Cacao also contains B vitamins, which are associated with brain health. All this makes cacao a natural prozac! Research by British psychologist, Dr. David Benton at the University of Wales in Swansea, found chocolate to be an excellent mood elevator. When he played sad music to a group of students, their moods sank. He then offered them the choice of milk chocolate or carob (a natural chocolate substitute that is similar in taste). Without their knowing which product they were eating, the participants found that the chocolate raised their moods, while the carob did nothing. Moreover, as their moods fell, their cravings for chocolate increased.
The truth about the health-benefits of chocolate is finally reaching our ears. However, the whole truth should be told. Chocolate is healthy if it is dark with no added dairy products/milk or refined sugar. Even better are raw cacao beans, the "food of the gods" which possess all the magical properties of chocolate without any adulteration or processing! Add real chocolate chips (crushed cacao beans) to your favorite dessert and watch all heaven break loose! Experiment with, eat, and enjoy real organic cacao beans and you will know why the Mayans and Aztecs used cacao as money!
Chocolate Nut-Milk Recipe
1 liter (4 cups) of coconut water
20 cacao beans (preferably peeled)
10 raw cashews (everyone loves cashews!)
3-5 tablespoons of carob powder and/or maca powder (maca is a powdered root from Peru that is an amazing high-protein superfood aphrodisiac, strengthener, and fertility enhancer)
3-5 tablespoons of honey and/or agave cactus nectar
2 tablespoons of hempseed oil
2 tablespoons of coconut oil/butter
2-3 pinches of sea salt (preferably celtic sea salt or Himalayan pink rock salt)
2-3 sprinkles of cinnamon
Blend all ingredients, drink, and arrive back on Earth in about 2 hours!
David Wolfe (www.davidwolfe.com) is the author of The Sunfood Diet Success System, Eating For Beauty, co-author of a currently-untitled book on raw cacao and Professor of Live-Food Nutrition at Gabriel Cousens Tree of Life Masters Program in Patagonia Arizona. He is considered by peers to be the leading authority on raw-food nutrition. David is supported in his nutritional mission by the online healthfood store Sunfood.com.
Books Coe, Sophie D. and Coe, Michael D. The True History of Chocolate. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1996. Cousens, Gabriel, M.D. with Mark Mayell. Depression-Free for Life. New York: Harper Collins, 2001. Drapeau, MSc., Christian, Primordial Food (Aphanizomenon Flos-Aquae), One World Press, Asheville, North Carolina, 2003 Jensen, Dr. Bernard. Dr. Jensen's Guide To Body Chemistry & Nutrition. Los Angeles, CA: Keats Publishing, 2000. Lopez, Ruth. Chocolate: The Sunfood Nutrition of Indulgence. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2002. Presilla, Maricel E. The New Taste of Chocolate: A Cultural and Natural History of Cacao with Recipes. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press, 2001. Articles olt RR, Lazarus SA, Sullards MC, et al. Procyanidin Dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin] In Human Plasma After The Consumption of Flavanol-Rich Cocoa. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 76:1106-1110. Kris-Etherton, PM, Keen, CL. "Evidence That The Antioxidant Flavonoids in Tea and Cocoa are Beneficial for Cardiovascular Health." Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002; 13:41-49. Land, Ruth, "Loving Luxury Chocolate," Money Magazine, February 9, 2004 Morgenthaler, J. and Joy, D. Better Sex Through Chemistry. Petaluma, California: Smart Publications, 1995. Olson, Elizabeth, "Beyond Delicious: Could Chocolate Also Be Good For You?," New York Times, February 17, 2004. Osakabe, N, Baba S, Yasuda A, et al. "Daily Cocoa Intake Reduces The Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprotein To Oxidation As Demonstrated In Healthy Human Volunteers," Free Rad Res. 2001; 34:93-99. Richelle, M, Tavazzi I, Offord E, "Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Commonly Consumed Polyphenolic Beverages (Coffee, Cocoa, Tea) Prepared Per Cup Serving," J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49:3438-3442. Rios LY, Bennett RN, Lazarus SA, et al. "Cocoa Procyanidins Are Stable During Gastric Transit In Humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 76:1106-1110. Simao, Paul, Study Links Marijuana Buzz, "Runner's High", Reuters, Atlanta, Jan. 9 Websites www.uspharmacist.com "The Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate," George Nemecz, PhD (Vol. No. 29:02, posted 2/15/4) www.rain-tree.com/db/Theobroma-cacao-phytochem.htm (Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases)
Another Case Against GMO Foods
By Timothy J. LaSalle For a technology that has sucked up billions of research dollars and prolonged agriculture's dependence on chemical inputs, GMOs (genetically modified organisms) have yet to justify their role in a world desperate for more sustainable ways to produce healthier food for more people. In a recent report by the Union of Concerned Scientists, a summary of on-farm production levels of genetically modified crops showed less than marginal gains in actual yield. In fact, the review concluded that "no currently available transgenic varieties enhance the intrinsic yield of any crops." Let's Put GMO Food on the Shelf Such findings beg the question: Who needs GMO food anyway? If GMOs are developed to increase yields, then they have failed. If they are marketed to reduce costs for farmers, and the price of GMO corn seed is now three times greater than it was just a few years ago, they have failed yet again. If these seeds are engineered to use less herbicides when, according to recent indications, many weeds are becoming Roundup-resistant, requiring a cocktail of herbicide applications in certain farming areas while crop land is just being abandoned in others, they have most certainly failed! GMO defenders cite net yield increases per acre due to weed and pest management traits, apparently comparing GMO-chemical regimes with non-GMO-chemical regimes in traditional intensive corn-soy production systems. They don't compare the genetically modified pest-management results with non-chemical systems where organic corn tolerates higher weed populations without yield loss, and where insect damage becomes insignificant in most years once basic crop rotations are established and soil health improves. It seems GMO defenders have failed to take the varying approaches of these two systems into account, which leaves us with only a chapter of the whole story. GMO Food Just Doesn't Make Sense Despite the failures of GMOs, it is clear that their developers have not failed at making huge profits in a system where farmers are forced to market on volume, and have no market rewards for nutritional quality or penalties for ecological impact. So what have consumers gained? Perhaps the answer is unclear. But I do know why we in the organic movement are so dead against GMO food. The answer is pretty simple: Genetically engineered seeds just don't make sense. How can a seed variety that is costly to patent (and legally can't be saved for replanting) help poor farmers around the world? How can a seed that needs increased levels of toxins to control weeds be the safest option, ecologically or from a human standpoint? How can a seed that is artificially injected with foreign proteins be harmless to eat? GMO Food and Human Health: The Hidden Consequences Whether genetically modified foods are safe for human consumption will remain a controversial issue. Yet some scientists who have been quieted or marginalized have found serious concerns about the safety of GMOs in laboratory animal studies. In many investigations involving GMO-fed animals, there have been cases of underdeveloped organs, reproductive problems, accelerated aging and even death. As the four As (allergies, asthma, autism, and ADD) rapidly increase in U.S. health statistics, we must consider that GMOs could certainly be one of the causes. As a matter of fact, in a recent position paper by the American Academy of Environmental Medicine, physicians across the country called for a moratorium on GMO foods because "there is more than a casual association between GM foods and adverse health effects." In the last few decades most of these health concerns have more than doubled, and, at times, tripled. The human body has not changed, but our diet undoubtedly has, and as of the 1990s, GMOs have become increasingly prevalent in our food supply. In her new book, The Unhealthy Truth, Robyn O'Brien outlines the logical connection between the astronomical increase in allergic response among our American population and our unbridled consumption of these altered foods. She states that almost 75 percent of our processed foods now contain neurotoxins, novel proteins, and allergens. In Search of Safe Food Meanwhile, we continue to consume these foods every day. Thanks to legislation and regulations shaped by the expansive lobbying efforts of GMO giants like Monsanto, we are not allowed to know which foods contain modified genes. Many European, Asian, and African countries have banned GMOs to protect their farming systems and food supplies, yet we are seemingly complacent that these controversial seeds have entered our food supply. In reality, about 92 percent of all U.S. soybean acreage is planted with GMO seed. Although you may not consume soy products outright, say in the form of soy milk or tofu, you are surely getting a heavy dose of GMO soy if you regularly eat non-organic processed foods. (Thanks to certification standards, when you buy organic you buy food grown without GMO seeds.) With the tragic consequences of the chronic maladies mentioned above, why would we let these experimental seeds remain in our food source without demanding to know the long-term, generational effects they may have on human health? Why would we want our children to be the guinea pigs for brand-new, laboratory-created proteins that have undergone genetic modification? First, we should demand our legislators implement a precautionary principle: GMOs should not be allowed into our food system until extensive long-term, third-party studies–not studies funded or in any way influenced by seed technology companies–have been performed. A less effective, but equally important, second is that all of our food must be clearly labeled if it contains GMO crop ingredients. Source: www.treehugger.com www.foodmatters.tv
GMO's Potential Threat to Fertility
November 12, 2008 Manila, PHILIPPINES – A study published today by the Austrian government identified that genetically modified (GMO) crops pose serious threats to reproductive health. In one of the very few long-term feeding studies ever conducted with GMO crops, the fertility of mice fed with a variety of Bt corn, a genetically-modified organism (GMO) was found to be severely impaired, with fewer offspring being produced than by mice fed on natural crops. Considering the severity of the potential threat to human health and reproduction, Greenpeace is demanding a recall of all GMO food and crops from the market, worldwide. The study, sponsored by the Austrian Ministries for Agriculture and Health, was presented last week at a scientific seminar in Vienna, Austria. Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek, Professor for Veterinary Medicine at the University of Vienna and lead author of the study, summarized the findings: mice fed with GMO corn had less offspring in the third and fourth generations, and these differences were statistically significant. Mice fed with non-GMO corn reproduced more efficiently. This effect can be attributed to the difference in the food source. The Austrian scientists performed several long-term feeding trials with laboratory mice over a course of 20 weeks. One of the studies was a so-called reproductive assessment by continuous breeding (RACB) trial, in which the same parent generation gave birth to several litters of baby mice. The parents were fed either with a diet containing 33% of the GMO corn variety, or a closely related non-GMO variety. A decrease in litter size and weight was found to be statistically significant in the third and fourth litters in the GMO-fed mice compared to the control group. "This study clearly demonstrates that GMOs have a lot of unknown environmental and health risks and that the safety of GMO crops can not be guaranteed. This is not the first GMO to have been discovered to pose serious health risks, and it will not be the last." "Unfortunately, because the approval process for GMOs are extremely lax, particularly in our country, we are only finding out about the health risks after the GMO has been approved, planted and eaten by the public," said Greenpeace Southeast Asia Genetic Engineering Campaigner Daniel Ocampo."The Philippine government should heed these warnings and recall the approval of all GMOs in the country."
"GMO food appears to be acting as a birth control agent, potentially leading to infertility–if this is not reason enough to close down the whole biotech industry once and for all, I am not sure what kind of disaster we are waiting for," said Dr. Jan van Aken, GE expert at Greenpeace International.
"The reproductive toxicity of this GMO corn was a totally unexpected result, but regulators around the world had considered this GMO corn variety as safe as non-GMO varieties–a potentially devastating error. Playing genetic roulette with our food crops is like playing Russian roulette with consumers and public health." Veterinary University of Vienna, Institute for Nutrition, Secretary +43 1 25077-3201, Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek Email Juergen.Zentek@vu-wien.ac.at.
Source: www.greenpeace.org
www.foodmatters.tv
How to Eat Organic On a Budget
Most people are aware of the benefits of eating organic foods. They have been proven to contain a higher percentage of nutrients, have no pesticide residue, generally taste better and have positive benefits on the environment and the people who farm them.
So why don't more people eat organic? Most people feel it's too expensive. It costs an average of 30% more for organic goods than for conventionally grown products and not everyone has that extra money to spare. But by employing smart shopping tactics, you can save money and eat healthier.
Here are a few tips and resources that we have found to help make eating organic a healthy and affordable choice.
Evaluate the food products that you consume every day. Decide which products makeup the core of your diet. The next time you're in the supermarket, check out the natural foods section or visit your local natural foods market. You may be pleasantly surprised to find that organic milk does not cost significantly more than your normal brand and considering the huge health benefits (no hormones, pesticides or antibiotics), this is a great place to start – especially if you have children.
Buy in season and be flexible. Purchase what is in season and you can save big on your produce purchases. This time of year, enjoy warm, squash soups, fresh broccoli and artichokes. In the summer, the harvest is more bountiful and fresh fruit salad is easy to come by. Find out if your city has a local farmer's market. This is a great source for in-season, fresh produce that if not certified organic, may still be pesticide free since it does not travel far. Many cities have farmers' markets year-round, rain or shine.
Check for local food-coops as well. You can become a member for very little money (sometimes as low as $15) and you then have access to all types of organic foods at great prices. Many times, if you can find about eight hours a month to donate at the co-op you can save an additional 10-12% off your purchases.
Be on the lookout for coupons. Many natural products have coupons right on the package to be redeemed at checkout. Visit company websites. Many offer coupons and or incentives to try their products. Two great sites to look for coupons are stonyfieldfarms.com and mambosprouts.com. They both offer a great selection of food manufacturers with links to their home pages where you can request information and additional coupons such as Smucker Quality Beverages – the parent company for Santa Cruz Organics, After the Fall, and Knudsen brand juices. You can contact Smuckers at 530-899-5010 and request product coupons.
Keep an eye out for sales. Yep, organic products go on sale the same as anything else. This is where you can scoop up some great deals. For instance, last week at our local natural foods market, we noticed that some varieties of Santa Cruz Organic juices were on sale for $1.99 for a 32oz. bottle – no limit. We also found cans of organic soup for 99 cents – less than many of Progresso's varieties. So, the general idea here is to be flexible and stock up when something you like goes on sale.
Buy Bulk. This is one area that many people ignore and can save you quite a bit of money. You can purchase nearly all of your grains, pastas, dried fruits and nuts, and flours in bulk. By bulk, we don't mean having to purchase 25 pounds of rice that's going to last you a lifetime. You can purchase ¼ lb or 5 lbs – the difference is that you are not paying for packaging. Your local grocery store and natural foods stores have bulk isles where you simply fill a bag, write the price on the twist tie and they'll weigh it at the register. You can buy organic brown rice for $.99 lb or fresh, shelled almonds for $4.99 lb. Re-use your plastic bag (see other article) and you'll help preserve the environment and natural resources too.
Source: http://www.greenfeet.net/newsletter/eatorganic.shtml
About Raw Nation
*Raw-Nation.com and Hotrawks.com make no claims to diagnose, treat, prevent, or cure diseases with any advice and/or product(s). Any health related information on this site is for educational purposes only. None of the information should be misconstrued as medical advice. This site has not been evaluated by the FDA or any other administration! The ultimate responsibility for your choices and their effect(s) on your health are yours.
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Press release: ISPA Statement on Website Take-Downs
Published on: 2017-07-17
Return to press release index
The Internet Service Providers' Association (ISPA) is a non-profit industry association. ISPA plays an administrative role in handling Take-Down Notices that are lodged against ISPA members in terms of section 77 of the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act, 2002 ("ECT Act"). This legal process allows anyone to lodge a Take-Down Notice to request the removal of allegedly unlawful content hosted by members of a recognised Industry Representative Body, such as ISPA.
Upon receipt of an administratively correct Take-Down Notice from a complainant, ISPA passes the notice on to the relevant ISPA member, who then makes a decision regarding the removal of the website. Members generally make this decision based on the substance of the complaint, their own terms of use for the website hosting service, and any response their client — the website owner — may provide to the Take-Down Notice.
ISPA's role is to ensure that a member responds timeously to a Take-Down Notice, but a member is entitled to refuse a particular Take-Down Notice. If a member chooses not to remove the targeted content, ISPA does not and cannot force the removal of a website. An ISP opting not to take a particular site down loses the special limitations on liability set out in the ECT Act, for that website.
As per section 77 of the ECT Act, a Take-Down Notice can be any claim of unlawful activity. The leading category of notice is copyright and trademark infringement, followed by fraud, malware and phishing. A small number of complaints involving hate speech, defamation, harassment and invasion of privacy are also processed each year.
In order to respect the privacy of the parties, ISPA does not comment on any specific Take-Down Notices. ISPA believes that it is important to be transparent about the number and type of Take-Down Notices lodged, and publishes annual statistics on its website.
For further information, please contact the ISPA secretariat on the Contact ISPA page.


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Squalius torgalensis is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, growing to  SL. It is found only in the Mira River basin in southern Portugal. Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

References

Squalius
Freshwater fish of Europe
Endemic fauna of Portugal
Fish described in 1998
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot


We know you're super busy in the salon, so we love sharing our fave #btcquickies—those whiplash educational videos that teach you a ready-to-use technique or hair cheat LIKE THAT. When L'ANZA Healing Haircare Global Creative Director Matt Swinney (@matt.swinney) broke down how to achieve an on-trend dramatic ponytail, we knew you'd want this quickie styling how-to! That's why we're dishing out the video, plus steps and products used to achieve this look below.
Starting on a complete head of beachy waves, rake your fingers and create a loose section along the parietal ridge and down the back of the head toward the nape. As you work toward the nape, make the section gradually more narrow. Directly on or below the occipital bone, tie off with an elastic.
Using your palms, lightly massage at the crown to create a lived-in effect. Take the two side sections and cross them over the top of the first ponytail and secure a second ponytail directly underneath, then tie off with an elastic.
Then, expand the ponytail by backcombing underneath add volume and build airy texture.
Finish by applying L'ANZA Keratin Healing Oil Lustrous Finishing Spray to set the style.
Want more Matt (and ponytails!)? Click here to learn four client-friendly ponytail styles.