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Emissions of acidifying ...
Indicator Specification
Emissions of acidifying substances
Indicator codes: CSI 001 , APE 007
Published 25 Oct 2010 Last modified 09 Feb 2021
This page was archived on 09 Feb 2021 with reason: Other (Discontinued indicator)
The indicator tracks trends since 1990 in anthropogenic emissions of the acidifying pollutants nitrogen oxides (NO X ) , ammonia (NH 3 ), and sulphur oxides (SO X as SO 2 ). The indicator also provides information on emissions by sectors: Energy production and distribution; Energy use in industry;, Industrial processes; Road transport; Non-road transport; Commercial, institutional and households; Solvent and product use; Agriculture; Waste; Other. Geographical coverage: EEA-32. The EEA-32 country grouping includes countries of the EU-27 (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) EFTA-4 (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Norway) and Turkey. Temporal coverage: 1990-2010.
Data providers and partners
European data centres
This indicator is discontinued. No more assessments will be produced.
Assessment versions
Published (reviewed and quality assured)
No published assessments
Justification for indicator selection
Emissions of acidifying substances cause damage to human health, ecosystems, buildings and materials (corrosion). The effects associated with each pollutant depend on its potential to acidify and the properties of the ecosystems and materials. Substantial reductions in sensitive ecosystem areas subjected to deposition of excess acidity have occurred since 1990 and even more since 1980. Nevertheless, the area subjected to acid deposition beyond its critical loads in 2010 will still exceed about 10% of the EEA-32 natural ecosystem area.
The indicator supports assessment of progress towards meeting the national emission ceilings of the Gothenburg Protocol under the 1979 Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention) and the EU Directive on National Emission Ceilings (NECD) (2001/81/EC).
Detailed information on individual acidifying pollutant emissions may also be found in the accompanying indicator fact-sheets for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ammonia.
Scientific references
No rationale references available
Indicator definition
The indicator tracks trends since 1990 in anthropogenic emissions of the acidifying pollutants nitrogen oxides (NOX) , ammonia (NH3), and sulphur oxides (SOX as SO2).
The indicator also provides information on emissions by sectors: Energy production and distribution; Energy use in industry;, Industrial processes; Road transport; Non-road transport; Commercial, institutional and households; Solvent and product use; Agriculture; Waste; Other.
Geographical coverage: EEA-32. The EEA-32 country grouping includes countries of the EU-27 (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) EFTA-4 (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Norway) and Turkey.
Temporal coverage: 1990-2010.
ktonnes (1000 tonnes)
Policy context and targets
Context description
Within the European Union, the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NEC Directive) imposes emission ceilings (or limits) for emissions of the acidifying pollutants nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and ammonia that harm human health and the environment (the NEC Directive also sets emissions ceilings for a fourth pollutant - non-methane volatile organic compounds).
Other key EU legislation is targeted at reducing emissions of air pollutants from specific sources, for example:
transport;
industrial facilities and other stationary sources.
Internationally, the issue of air pollution emissions is also being addressed by the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (the LRTAP Convention) and its protocols. A key objective of the protocol is to regulate emissions on a regional basis within Europe and to protect eco-systems from transboundary pollution by setting emission reduction ceilings to be reached by 2010 for the same 4 pollutants as addressed in the NECD (i.e. SO2, NOX, NH3 and NMVOCs). Overall for the EU Member States, the ceilings set within the Gothenburg protocol are generally either slightly less strict or the same as the emission ceilings specified in the NECD.
Emissions of SO2, NOX and NH3 are covered by the EU National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD) (2001/81/EC) and the Gothenburg protocol under the United Nations Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention) (UNECE 1999). The NECD generally involves slightly stricter emission reduction targets than the Gothenburg Protocol for EU-15 Member States for 2010.
Table: 2010 Targets under the NEC Directive and the Gothenburg Protocol, in kt
2010 NECD ceilings
2010 CLRTAP Gothenburg Protocol ceilings
Austria 103 39 66 107 39 66
Belgium 176 99 74 181 106 74
Bulgaria 247 836 108 266 856 108
Cyprus 23 39 9
Czech Republic 286 265 80 286 283 101
Denmark 127 55 69 127 55 69
Estonia 60 100 29
Finland 170 110 31 170 116 31
France 810 375 780 860 400 780
Germany 1051 520 550 1081 550 550
Greece 344 523 73 344 546 73
Hungary 198 500 90 198 550 90
Iceland*
Ireland 65 42 116 65 42 116
Italy 990 475 419 1000 500 419
Latvia 61 101 44 84 107 44
Liechtenstein 0.37 0.11 0.15
Lithuania 110 145 84 110 145 84
Luxembourg 11 4 7 11 4 7
Malta 8 9 3
Netherlands 260 50 128 266 50 128
Norway 156 22 23
Poland 879 1397 468 879 1397 468
Portugal 250 160 90 260 170 108
Romania 437 918 210 437 918 210
Slovakia 130 110 39 130 110 39
Slovenia 45 27 20 45 27 20
Spain 847 746 353 847 774 353
Switzerland 79 26 63
Sweden 148 67 57 148 67 57
Turkey*
United Kingdom 1167 585 297 1181 625 297
* Iceland and Turkey do not have a ceiling under either the NEC Directive or the Gothenburg protocol.
Related policy documents
Directive 2001/81/EC, national emission ceilings
Directive 2001/81/EC, on nation al emissions ceilings (NECD) for certain atmospheric pollutants. Emission reduction targets for the new EU10 Member States have been specified in the Treaty of Accession to the European Union 2003 [The Treaty of Accession 2003 of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia. AA2003/ACT/Annex II/en 2072] in order that they can comply with the NECD.
UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution
UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution.
Methodology for indicator calculation
This indicator is based on officially reported national total and sectoral emissions to EEA and UNECE/EMEP (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe/Co-operative programme for monitoring and evaluation of the long-range transmission of air pollutants in Europe) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention), submission 2011. For the EU-27 Member States, the data used is consistent with the emissions data reported by the EU in its annual submission to the LRTAP Convention.
Recommended methodologies for emission inventory estimation are compiled in the EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook, (EMEP/EEA, 2009). Base data are available from the EEA Data Service (http://dataservice.eea.europa.eu/dataservice/metadetails.asp?id=1096) and the EMEP web site (http://www.ceip.at/). Where necessary, gaps in reported data are filled by ETC/ACC using simple interpolation techniques (see below). The final gap-filled data used in this indicator are available from the EEA Data Service (http://dataservice.eea.europa.eu/PivotApp/pivot.aspx?pivotid=478).
Base data, reported in the UNECE/EMEP Nomenclature for Reporting (NFR) sector format are aggregated into the following EEA sector codes to obtain a consistent reporting format across all countries and pollutants:
Energy production and distribution: emissions from public heat and electricity generation, oil refining, production of solid fuels, extraction and distribution of solid fossil fuels and geothermal energy;
Energy use in industry: emissions from combustion processes used in the manufacturing industry including boilers, gas turbines and stationary engines;
Industrial processes: emissions derived from non-combustion related processes such as the production of minerals, chemicals and metal production;
Road transport: light and heavy duty vehicles, passenger cars and motorcycles;
Non-road transport: railways, domestic shipping, certain aircraft movements, and non-road mobile machinery used in agriculture & forestry;
Commercial, institutional and households: emissions principally occurring from fuel combustion in the services and household sectors;
Solvent and product use: non-combustion related emissions mainly in the services and households sectors including activities such as paint application, dry-cleaning and other use of solvents;
Agriculture: manure management, fertiliser application, field-burning of agricultural wastes
Waste: incineration, waste-water management;
Other: emissions included in national total for entire territory not allocated to any other sector
The following table shows the conversion of Nomenclature for Reporting (NFR) sector codes used for reporting by countries into EEA sector codes:
EEA classification
Non-GHGs (NFR)
National totals
National total
Energy production and distribution
1A1, 1A3e, 1B
Energy use in industry
1A3b
Non-road transport (non-road mobile machinery)
1A3 (exl 1A3b)
Industrial processes
Solvent and product use
Commercial, institutional and households
1A4ai, 1A4aii, 1A4bi, 1A4bii, 1A4ci, 1A4cii, 1A5a, 1A5b
In addition to historic emissions, Figure 1 of the indicator factsheet also shows the latest 2010 projection estimates reported by the EU-27 Member States under the NEC Directive. The "with measures" (WM) projections reported by Member States take into account currently implemented and adopted policies and measures. Where countries have instead reported "business as usual" or "current legislation" projections, it is assumed for comparison purposes that these are equivalent to a WM projection. The "with additional measures" projections reported by Member States take into account additional future planned policies and measures but which are not yet implemented.
Methodology for gap filling
An improved gap-filling methodology was implemented in 2010 that enables a complete time series trend for the main air pollutants (eg NOX, SOX, NMVOC, NH3 and CO) to be compiled. In cases where countries did not report emissions for any year, it meant that gap-filling could not be applied. For these pollutants, therefore, the aggregated data are not yet complete and are likely to underestimate true emissions. Further methodological details of the gap-filling procedure are provided in section 1.4.2 Data gaps and gap-filling of the European Union emission inventory report 1990–2009 under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP).
Methodology references
No methodology references available.
Data specifications
EEA data references
National Emission Ceilings (NEC) Directive Inventory provided by Directorate-General for Environment (DG ENV)
National emissions reported to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention) provided by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
Data sources in latest figures
Methodology uncertainty
The use of gap-filling for when countries have not reported emissions for one of more years can potentially lead to artificial trends, but it is considered unavoidable if a comprehensive and comparable set of emissions data for European countries is required for policy analysis purposes.
Data sets uncertainty
NOX emission estimates in Europe are thought to have an uncertainty of about ±20% (EMEP, 2010), as the NOX emitted comes both from the fuel burnt and the combustion air and so cannot be estimated accurately from fuel nitrogen alone. However, because of the need for interpolation to account for missing data, the complete dataset used will have higher uncertainty. The trend is likely to be more accurate than the individual absolute annual values - the annual values are not independent of each other.
Overall scoring: (1-3, 1=no major problems, 3=major reservations)
Relevancy: 1
Accuracy: 2
Comparability over time: 2
Comparability over space: 2
SOX emission estimates in Europe are thought to have an uncertainty of about +/-10% as the sulphur comes from the fuel burnt and therefore can be accurately estimated. However, because of the need for interpolation to account for missing data, the complete dataset used will have higher uncertainty. EMEP has compared modelled and measured concentrations throughout Europe (EMEP 2010). From these studies, differences in the annual averages have been estimated to be +/-30%, which is consistent with an inventory uncertainty of +/-10% (there are also uncertainties in the measurements and especially the modelling). The trend is likely to be much more accurate than individual absolute values
NH3 emission estimates in Europe are more uncertain than those for NOX, SOX and NMVOCs due largely to the diverse nature of major agricultural sources. It is estimated that they are around +/- 30% (EMEP, 2009). The trend is likely to be more accurate than the individual absolute annual values - the annual values are not independent of each other.
Rationale uncertainty
This indicator is regularly updated by EEA and is used in state of the environment assessments. The uncertainties related to methodology and data sets are therefore of importance.
Further work
Short term work
Work specified here requires to be completed within 1 year from now.
Long term work
Work specified here will require more than 1 year (from now) to be completed.
General metadata
Responsibility and ownership
EEA Contact Info
Indicator code
APE 007
Link: emissions-of-acidifying-substances-version-2
Version id: 3
First draft created:
Primary theme: Air pollution
Frequency of updates
DPSIR: Pressure
Typology: Performance indicator (Type B - Does it matter?)
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/emissions-of-acidifying-substances-version-2 or scan the QR code.


On May 4th staff members, families and friends gathered to watch the West Coast Auto Group hop on the Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada's Big Bike for the fifth year in a row. Staff and friends of West Coast Toyota were some of the riders.
The Big Bike is a Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada event where 29 participants ride the Big Bike as one throughout their hometown. Over the course of the 20-minute journey, the Big Bike stops traffic and rallies support for the continued fight against one of Canada's biggest killers.
Having raised over $20,000, the West Coast Auto Group added another $4500 to the growing total in this year's event. Each donation supports different efforts of critical research for heart disease and stroke prevention, as well as regenerative medicines, education and awareness, and further research into understanding heart attack recovery in women.
On behalf of everyone at West Coast Toyota, we thank our generous sponsors and donors for making this year a great success.


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82 F. 3d 1397 - Fuka v. Thomson Consumer Electronics
82 F3d 1397 Fuka v. Thomson Consumer Electronics
Dolores J. FUKA, Plaintiff-Appellant,
THOMSON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, Defendant-Appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 93 C 7754--Charles P. Kocoras, Judge.
Patricia M. Higgins (argued), Nagle & Higgins, Naperville, IL, for plaintiff-appellant.
Bruce R. Alper (argued), Malory N. Harriman, Vedder, Price, Kaufman & Kammholz, Chicago, IL, for defandant-appellee.
Before POSNER, Chief Judge, and MANION and ROVNER, Circuit Judges.
In January 1992, Thomson Consumer Electronics ("Thomson") terminated Dolores J. Fuka's employment as a customer service representative ("CSR"). She responded with this lawsuit under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act ("ADEA"), 29 U.S.C. §§ 621 et seq., alleging that her termination resulted from unlawful age discrimination. The district court entered summary judgment for Thomson, finding that Fuka had not presented any direct evidence of age discrimination, had not established that she was meeting Thomson's legitimate expectations at the time of her termination, and had not shown that the stated reason for her discharge was pretextual. In this appeal, Fuka challenges each of those conclusions, but we agree with the district court and therefore affirm its judgment.
Fuka was hired as a CSR by a division of General Electric in November 1987. The following month, that division was purchased by Thomson, a consumer electronics manufacturer, which retained Fuka in her former position. At that time, Fuka was forty-six years old.
Fuka worked at Thomson's office in Oak Brook, Illinois, which housed the company's telemarketing and customer service functions. Thomson assigned to her a small work station equipped with a telephone and a computer. Fuka initially serviced international accounts, and she was primarily responsible for answering the telephone, accepting orders, and providing price, product availability, and order and account information to existing and prospective customers. As an international CSR, Fuka spent most of her work day on the telephone taking or following through on international orders. Between 1987 and 1991, Fuka was periodically reviewed by her supervisor George Silva, who generally rated her performance as "effective." In his written reviews for two of those years, however, Silva noted that Fuka's "attitude toward work" needed improvement.
In April 1991, Thomson transferred all of the international and some of the national accounts handled in Oak Brook to its Indianapolis office. Fuka and three other international CSRs were therefore reassigned to non-key domestic accounts. With Fuka's new assignment came a new supervisor, Kevin George, who like Silva reported to Mike Sparkman, manager of the Oak Brook office. Fuka's responsibilities remained essentially the same in her new assignment but with different accounts. Along with five other CSRs, Fuka now had responsibility for non-key accounts in New York, Boston, and Atlanta.
From the very beginning, Thomson had used its computer system to monitor incoming calls to its Oak Brook office and the availability of CSRs to answer those calls. Thomson's system also enabled management to determine how many incoming calls "abandoned" or went unanswered in a particular CSR group over a thirty-minute period. In 1991, Thomson obtained the capability to also monitor outgoing calls. In April or May of that year, George notified the CSRs in his group that he would begin distributing a monthly report of outgoing calls and that each CSR should identify personal calls included on the report. He indicated that as a guideline, personal calls should not exceed ten minutes in length except under extenuating circumstances. Fuka understood that the company's purpose in limiting the length of personal calls was to ensure that CSRs were available to answer incoming business calls. Fuka considered the ten-minute guideline to be a reasonable expectation.
For the first two months that Thomson monitored outgoing calls, the monthly reports revealed that Fuka had made five personal calls exceeding ten minutes in April and nine such calls in May. Sometime in May or June, George expressed concern to Fuka about the length of some of her personal calls. George asked Fuka to keep those calls under ten minutes unless there were extenuating circumstances. Fuka explained to George that most of her personal calls were to her elderly mother, and George suggested that she call her mother more frequently but for only two to three minutes at a time. George and Fuka had a similar conversation near the end of June about the May telephone report, which showed that Fuka had made nine extended personal calls. These conversations had an impact, as the June report showed that Fuka had made only one extended personal call.
The monthly reports for July, August, and September, however, revealed that Fuka had made five, four, and then eleven extended calls in those months. In mid-November, George spoke to Fuka about the number of calls reflected on those reports. He indicated that Fuka was abusing her privilege to make personal calls from her work station, and Fuka responded that she would begin to make her personal calls from the pay phone down the hall. George purports to have told Fuka that this would only exacerbate the problem, but Fuka denies that George ever objected to her use of the pay phone. She acknowledges, however, that long personal calls, regardless of where they were made, would make her unavailable to answer business calls.
On December 23, 1991, George and Fuka met to discuss Fuka's year-end performance review.1 George prepared that review, and Sparkman had already approved it. George rated Fuka's overall performance as "marginal," and he assigned to her the lowest possible rating in two categories--"budgets time effectively" and "displays a positive attitude toward work." In the "manager's comments and conclusions" section, George wrote the following:
Dee possesses superior skills necessary for the customer service position. However, Dee has chosen not to utilize these skills since moving over from International Customer Service.... Dee has a bad attitude much of the time. Pouts when she chooses not to participate. Is a chronic complainer and is a disruptive element in the work area. Since May I have discussed her ABUSE regarding the length of personal phone calls. No improvement noted. She apparently has no regard for her supervisor's wishes.... She auxes out [deactivates her telephone] for long periods without approval or notification to others. She remains on personal calls while incoming calls abandon. She takes lunches beyond the 45 minutes allowed. Her sick days are excessive without a specific illness to attribute it to and are most notably on Mondays or Fridays.... Dee's performance is unsatisfactory and must improve dramatically. This is a condition of her continued employment at [Thomson]. Dee's progress, or lack thereof, should be evaluated monthly until a significant and lasting improvement has been established. If improvement is not forthcoming, dismissal is recommended. The tragedy here is that Dee could be and should be a top performer but has willfully chosen an alternate road.
(R. 19-2, Ex. D.) Fuka refused to sign the review and responded in writing on January 10, 1992, disputing nearly every criticism leveled against her. Fuka asserted that ninety-five percent of her review "was fabrication, or at least misconception, possibly due to the reviewer's lack of experience in a supervisory capacity." (Id.) By the time Fuka submitted her response, however, George was no longer her supervisor, having relocated to Indianapolis on January 2. Silva replaced George as Fuka's supervisor at that point.
On Friday, January 10, Fuka received a personal call from a friend relating to a problem she had been having with her car. After she had been on the line for some time, Silva approached her work station and asked if the call was a personal one. Fuka admitted that it was, which prompted Silva to respond, "Dee, if you want me to help you, you'll have to get off the phone."2 According to Fuka, that was the end of their exchange, but Silva sent Sparkman an e-mail message the following Monday that described the encounter in this way:
[O]n Jan. 10, 1992, [I] had a conversation with DEE FUKA regarding a personal call she had received. [I] asked if she had just received a personal call and she said yes. [I] asked her if she knew how long she had taken and she replied a couple of minutes. [W]hen [I] told her she had been on this call for 24 minutes she said she didn't realize it had been that long. [I] told her this conversation was free and if she wanted me to work with her she would have to improve her work habits and show more enthusiasm toward her job. [I] asked her if she was unhappy with her job and if so she should look elsewhere. [S]he said she wasn't unhappy and that she needed this job. [S]he said she had some personal problems outside of the office and [I] told her that her attitude reflected this and she would have to find some wa[y] to separate the two. [S]he also said she had asked her mother and friends to stop calling her at the office.
(R. 19-2, Ex. A (Fuka Dep. Ex. 15).)
On that Monday, Silva was out of the office, and Sparkman asked William Karr, another Oak Brook supervisor, to "keep an eye" on Fuka and to notify him if she left her desk. At approximately 2:00 p.m., Fuka auxed off her telephone in order to use the restroom and then the pay phone down the hall. As requested, Karr reported these events to Sparkman, noting as well that incoming calls were going unanswered and abandoning in Fuka's group. Fuka was gone from her desk for approximately twenty minutes, and when she returned, Karr told her that Sparkman wanted to see her in his office. Sparkman explained to Fuka that he had studied her performance review and that he had come to the conclusion that her performance could not improve. He therefore asked Fuka to resign. When she refused, Sparkman sent her home and indicated that he would call her the following day after considering the matter further.
Sparkman consulted with his Indianapolis supervisor and a human resources manager before deciding to terminate Fuka's employment. In reaching that decision, Sparkman relied on Fuka's December 23, 1991 performance review, on her documented practice of making extended personal calls in the face of warnings from Thomson management, and on the January 13 incident where Fuka had been found on the pay phone while incoming calls abandoned.3 Sparkman communicated his decision to Fuka the following day. At the time of her termination, Fuka was fifty years old.
Fuka then filed an age discrimination charge with the Illinois Department of Human Rights ("IDHR") and the EEOC. After investigating her charge, the IDHR dismissed the claim for lack of substantial evidence. The EEOC adopted that decision and issued Fuka a right-to-sue letter. She then initiated the instant action in federal court. Conceding that neither George nor Sparkman ever referenced her age in complaining about her personal telephone use, Fuka bases her claim on discriminatory statements she attributes to those supervisors in the months preceding her termination. She also contends that younger CSRs with similar performance problems were treated more favorably by Thomson management.
In granting Thomson's motion for summary judgment, the district court found that the direct evidence of age discrimination proffered by Fuka was not persuasive. The court concluded that even if George and Sparkman had made the age-based comments, Fuka had not established a link between those remarks and the subsequent decision to terminate her employment. As a result, Fuka could only establish her claim by relying on the indirect method of proof. The court found that Fuka's claim failed on that score for two reasons. First, Fuka could not establish a prima facie case because she could not show that she was performing to Thomson's legitimate expectations at the time of her termination. Alternatively, assuming a prima facie case, the court found that Fuka had not created a material issue of fact as to whether the stated reason for her discharge was pretextual. See Fuka v. Thomson Consumer Elec., No. 93 C 7754, 1994 WL 702618 (N.D.Ill.Dec.14, 1994).
We review the district court's grant of summary judgment de novo, construing the evidence in the light most favorable to Fuka and according her the benefit of all reasonable inferences. Courtney v. Biosound, Inc., 42 F.3d 414, 418 (7th Cir.1994). We will affirm summary judgment in an employment discrimination case only if the defendant would have been entitled to a directed verdict had the record before the court been that of a trial--in other words, only if judgment as a matter of law would have been appropriate because no reasonable jury could have returned a verdict for the plaintiff. See Russell v. Acme-Evans Co., 51 F.3d 64, 70 (7th Cir.1995); Robinson v. PPG Indus., Inc., 23 F.3d 1159, 1162 (7th Cir.1994). If, however, the plaintiff succeeded in presenting evidence from which an inference of discrimination could be drawn, summary judgment was improper and a trial is required. See, e.g., Weisbrot v. Medical College of Wisconsin, 79 F.3d 677, 681 (7th Cir. 1996); Troupe v. May Dep't Stores Co., 20 F.3d 734, 737 (7th Cir.1994); Shager v. Upjohn, 913 F.2d 398, 401 (7th Cir.1990).
To succeed on a discrimination claim under the ADEA, a plaintiff must show that her termination or other adverse employment action would not have occurred "but for" her employer's motive to discriminate on the basis of her age. See Taylor v. Canteen Corp., 69 F.3d 773, 779 (7th Cir.1995); Gehring v. Case Corp., 43 F.3d 340, 344 (7th Cir.1994) (ultimate question in an age discrimination case is "whether the same events would have transpired if the employee had been younger than 40 and everything else had been the same"), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 115 S.Ct. 2612, 132 L.Ed.2d 855 (1995). Age discrimination, like other types, may be established in either of two ways--through direct evidence or via the indirect burden-shifting method of McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973). See, e.g., Anderson v. Baxter Healthcare Corp., 13 F.3d 1120, 1122 (7th Cir.1994); Monaco v. Fuddruckers, Inc., 1 F.3d 658, 660 (7th Cir.1993). Under either method, summary judgment is improper if the plaintiff offers evidence from which an inference of age discrimination may be drawn. See, e.g., Robinson, 23 F.3d at 1165-66; Shager, 913 F.2d at 401-02.
Fuka first contends that she presented to the district court direct evidence that age played a role in Thomson's decision to terminate her employment. She points to two statements made by George and a third statement by Sparkman that allegedly reflect Thomson's discriminatory animus. George made the first statement in June 1991, more than six months before Fuka was terminated but after George had first warned her about the length of her personal calls. In the course of a meeting with Fuka and a co-worker, Susanne Petersson, George apparently indicated that he had received a large number of CSR applications, that one applicant had fifteen years of customer service experience, but that he preferred "young people fresh out of college" because those with experience "could not be molded." George allegedly reiterated this preference to Petersson later in 1991. Petersson attests that she sometimes was assigned the task of training new CSRs and that she had begun to notice that many of her trainees were having difficulty understanding inventory and warehouse procedures. She suggested to George that he occasionally hire a CSR with prior experience to balance things out, but that suggestion prompted George to respond, "No, I don't want older people, we want young people we can mold." Sparkman allegedly expressed a similar sentiment in a meeting with Karr and Silva in late 1991. According to Karr, Sparkman indicated that he could figure out the age of a CSR applicant by looking at the graduation date on her resume. He showed Karr and Silva a specific resume and said, "Looking at the graduation date, this one has to be at least 50 or more. We'll pass on that one." Fuka asserts, moreover, that her superiors' stated preference for youth was borne out by their hiring practices. Between 1990 and 1992, every CSR hired for Thomson's Oak Brook office was under forty years of age.4 At the summary judgment stage, we must assume that George and Sparkman made the statements attributed to them, but we agree with the district court that those statements would not support a direct inference that age was a determining factor in Fuka's termination.
Following the Supreme Court's decision in Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins, 490 U.S. 228, 251, 277, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 1791, 1804-05, 104 L.Ed.2d 268 (1989) (plurality opinion and opinion of O'Connor, J., concurring in the judgment), this circuit has held that before seemingly stray workplace remarks will qualify as direct evidence of discrimination, the plaintiff must show that the remarks "were related to the employment decision in question." McCarthy v. Kemper Life Ins. Cos., 924 F.2d 683, 686-87 (7th Cir.1991); see also, e.g., Sarsha v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 3 F.3d 1035, 1038 & n. 1 (7th Cir.1993); Monaco, 1 F.3d at 660; Randle v. LaSalle Telecommunications, Inc., 876 F.2d 563, 569-70 (7th Cir.1989). If such proof is lacking, the remarks alone will not give rise to an inference of discrimination even when uttered by the ultimate decisionmaker. Hong v. Children's Mem. Hosp., 993 F.2d 1257, 1266 (7th Cir.1993), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 114 S.Ct. 1372, 128 L.Ed.2d 48 (1994); Smith v. Firestone Tire and Rubber Co., 875 F.2d 1325, 1330 (7th Cir.1989).
As the district court observed, Fuka has been unable to show that the remarks of her superiors were in any way linked to Sparkman's subsequent decision to terminate her employment.5 Each of the alleged statements revealed that age may have played a significant role when either George or Sparkman made a hiring decision, but Fuka has not shown that a similar age bias affected management's treatment of existing CSRs. Cf. Robinson, 23 F.3d at 1165 (statement by decisionmaker that employer would no longer be keeping its employees until they reached age sixty-five permits inference that age played a role in decision to terminate the plaintiff). Although Fuka established that Thomson consistently hired CSRs for its Oak Brook office who were under the age of forty, she was unable to dispute that she was the only CSR in the protected age group (out of approximately eighteen in Oak Brook) who was discharged or demoted in this period. She therefore failed to establish any nexus between the statements of her superiors and Sparkman's subsequent decision to terminate her employment. As a result, she has come forward with no direct evidence of discrimination that would enable her to survive summary judgment. See, e.g., Randle, 876 F.2d at 570.
Fuka's claim under the McDonnell Douglas formulation fares no better. Under that approach, Fuka must first establish the four elements of a prima facie case: (1) that she was in the protected age group, (2) that she was performing to her employer's legitimate expectations, (3) that she was discharged or demoted, and (4) that younger employees were treated more favorably. Collier v. Budd Co., 66 F.3d 886, 889 (7th Cir.1995); Roper v. Peabody Coal Co., 47 F.3d 925, 926 (7th Cir.1995).6 If she succeeds in establishing a prima facie case, a rebuttable presumption of discrimination arises, requiring Thomson to come forward with a legitimate non-discriminatory reason for her discharge. Once such a reason is offered, the presumption of discrimination dissolves, and Fuka must then show that the proffered reason is pretextual. See, e.g., Taylor, 69 F.3d at 779-80; Robinson, 23 F.3d at 1162. She may do so by producing evidence that the proffered reason is false, either because it has no basis in fact or because it did not actually motivate her discharge. Collier, 66 F.3d at 892; Cliff v. Board of Sch. Comm'rs, 42 F.3d 403, 412 (7th Cir.1994). If Fuka meets that burden, she need not also come forward with further evidence of intentional discrimination to survive summary judgment. Her proof would at that point be sufficient to support an inference that the company's real reason was discriminatory. Weisbrot, 79 F.3d at 681-82; Anderson, 13 F.3d at 1124; Shager, 913 F.2d at 401; see also St Mary's Honor Ctr. v. Hicks, 509 U.S. 502, 113 S.Ct. 2742, 2749, 125 L.Ed.2d 407 (1993).
In applying those standards here, the district court granted summary judgment for alternative reasons--because Fuka had failed to establish a prima facie case and because she had not shown Thomson's proffered reason to be pretextual. Those alternative reasons are in reality the same, however, because both are based on Fuka's inability to rebut the performance deficiencies cited by Thomson in terminating her employment. Those deficiencies could defeat the second element of the prima facie case and at the same time represent the employer's unrebutted reason for its action. See Troupe, 20 F.3d at 736-37. Logically, of course, the prima facie case comes first, but we shall eschew a mechanistic application of McDonnell Douglas in this circumstance and proceed to consider whether Fuka met her burden of showing pretext. See Taylor, 69 F.3d at 781; Anderson, 13 F.3d at 1124 n. 4; see also Shager, 913 F.2d at 400-01.
Thomson purports to have fired Fuka because she had abused her telephone privileges by consistently making personal calls that exceeded ten minutes despite warnings about that practice from her supervisor. Fuka's repeated violation of the company's personal call guideline was important, Thomson explains, because it made her unavailable to answer business calls, which was her primary responsibility as a CSR. Fuka cannot very well show that Thomson's stated reason lacked an adequate basis in fact because the company's monthly telephone reports established the number of extended personal calls Fuka made from her work station. She conceded, moreover, that George spoke to her at least three and perhaps five times about reducing the length of her personal calls. The final warning came in her December 23, 1991 performance review, where George noted her unsatisfactory performance and recommended dismissal if improvement was not forthcoming. Fuka concedes, in fact, that Thomson's expectations of its CSRs in regard to personal telephone use were not unreasonable.
Because Thomson's concern with the length of her personal calls was thoroughly documented, Fuka attempts to show that her personal phone use had no actual impact on her ability to answer incoming business calls. She relies on a study of CSR productivity that her co-worker Petersson purports to have prepared for the years 1990 and 1991. Yet all we know of that study is included in the following two sentences of Petersson's affidavit: "I also did a study of CSR productivity and compared telephone records from 1990 and 1991 with prior years. I recall that Dolores Fuka was one [of] the CSRs who consistently handled an average to a higher than average volume of incoming calls." (R. 27, Ex. B at para. 9.) The study itself is not in the record, nor does Petersson's affidavit tell us anything more about its methodologies and findings. What we do know is certainly insufficient to create an issue of fact as to pretext, for it does not appear that the study even purports to address Thomson's particular concern with Fuka's personal telephone use. The study, then, is akin to the general statement of a co-worker that the plaintiff's job performance was adequate, the type of statement we have consistently found insufficient to stave off summary judgment when the employer has identified specific performance deficiencies. See, e.g., Dey v. Colt Constr. & Dev. Co., 28 F.3d 1446, 1460 (7th Cir.1994); Anderson, 13 F.3d at 1124-25; Williams v. Williams Elec., Inc., 856 F.2d 920, 924 (7th Cir.1988). Even if Fuka was able to answer an acceptable volume of incoming calls during 1991, she cannot dispute that at the same time, she was making an unacceptably high number of extended personal calls. The Petersson study therefore sheds no light on the honesty of Thomson's stated belief that this defect in her performance warranted dismissal. See Russell, 51 F.3d at 69.
Potentially more probative is Fuka's attempt to show that she was treated more severely by Thomson than similarly-situated CSRs who were younger. See Troupe, 20 F.3d at 736. Fuka specifically cites the situations of Mark Vanderohe, Joe Solis, and Vicky Wensel, all of whom were under forty and were allegedly plagued by similar performance problems. Fuka asserts, for example, that Vanderohe moonlighted as a "handyman" and that he made and received calls relating to this side business during work hours, which made him unavailable to answer incoming customer calls. Solis, moreover, allegedly used the company's toll-free telephone lines to make and receive extended calls from family members who lived out of state. Neither Vanderohe nor Solis were ever disciplined for this behavior, which Fuka asserts was comparable to her own. Yet even if both Vanderohe and Solis frequently used their business phones for personal calls, Fuka has provided no evidence that these co-workers had numerous (or even any) personal calls that exceeded ten minutes in length. As George explained to Fuka in May or June of 1991, Thomson was not so concerned about the number of personal calls a CSR made or received as it was about the length of those calls. Thus, Fuka's attempt to liken her situation to that of Vanderohe and Solis is unavailing. The evidence as to those two CSRs casts no doubt on Thomson's stated reason for terminating Fuka.
Yet Wensel's situation appears closer to plaintiff's, for Wensel too had difficulty keeping her personal calls under the ten-minute guideline. In addition to that, she also had difficulty arriving at work on time. Wensel's problems were so serious, in fact, that her supervisor (Karr) recommended that she be terminated. Instead, Wensel was transferred to a group supervised by George, who adjusted her starting time to address the tardiness problem. Yet George too was concerned with the number of extended personal calls Wensel made. When the monthly reports revealed eight such calls in April 1991 and three more in May, George warned Wensel that he expected a significant improvement in her personal phone use. Thereafter, Wensel had two, three, six, and four extended calls in July, August, September, and October respectively. Between April and October, then, Wensel made approximately fourteen fewer extended calls than Fuka, but she too violated Thomson's ten-minute guideline on a consistent basis. In Wensel's December 20, 1991 performance review, George identified "tardiness" and "personal phone calls" as Wensel's two major shortcomings. He observed that Wensel had shown a slight improvement on the tardiness problem but that further improvement was required. Although he had previously discussed the personal call problem with Wensel, George noted that "no significant improvement ha[d] resulted." He therefore warned that if Wensel did not address her problem areas, "probation and dismissal will be the logical progression of events." (R. 19-2, Ex. D.) The monthly telephone report for December 1991, which was not generated until after Fuka's dismissal, showed that Wensel had made but one extended personal call in that month. A Thomson supervisor praised that improvement and urged Wensel to keep all of her personal calls under ten minutes.
We do not believe that Thomson's treatment of Wensel, considered against its treatment of Fuka, casts doubt on the stated reason for Fuka's termination. In fact, that evidence suggests that Thomson handled similar performance deficiencies in a consistent fashion. Although Wensel also made numerous extended personal calls on Thomson's time, she made fewer such calls than Fuka. Like Fuka, she was counseled by George in June 1991 and warned in her December performance review that improvement was necessary or dismissal could result. In contrast to Fuka, however, there is no evidence that Wensel had further problems after meeting with George to discuss her review. Indeed, the December telephone report showed that Wensel made but one extended personal call in that month, and that call pre-dated her performance review. These facts sufficiently distinguish Wensel's situation from that of Fuka.
Fuka returns, finally, to the stated preference of her supervisors for hiring younger CSRs. Although we concluded above that the statements attributed to George and Sparkman were not direct evidence of age discrimination, it is possible that those statements, when considered in conjunction with other evidence, could support an inference of discrimination under the indirect, burden-shifting method. See Futrell v. J.I. Case, 38 F.3d 342, 347 (7th Cir.1994); Troupe, 20 F.3d at 736. The reasonableness of such an inference in any given case would of course depend on the nature of the allegedly discriminatory remarks, their relationship to the employment decision in question, the nature of the stated reason for the employer's action, and the existence of other evidence calling that reason into doubt. Here, we have no difficulty concluding that it would not be reasonable for a trier of fact to draw an inference of discrimination from the evidence Fuka proffered, including the alleged remarks of George and Sparkman. Standing alone, those remarks do not support a direct inference of discrimination (see supra, at 1403-04), and Fuka has come forward with no additional evidence that would, in conjunction with those remarks, suggest that the stated reason for her termination was false. See Weisbrot, 79 F.3d at 684-85, Rush v. McDonald's Corp., 966 F.2d 1104, 1116-18 (7th Cir.1992); Smith v. Firestone Tire and Rubber Co., 875 F.2d 1325, 1330 (7th Cir.1989). Summary judgment was therefore proper.
Having reviewed all of the evidence in the light most favorable to Fuka, we agree with the district court that it is insufficient to support an inference of age discrimination under either the direct or indirect method of proof. Fuka simply has been unable to show that Thomson's stated reason for terminating her employment was false. We therefore affirm the judgment entered in Thomson's favor below.
In the interim, the monthly telephone report for October had been generated, and it showed that Fuka had made nine extended personal calls. The record does not reveal how many extended personal calls Fuka made in November, as Thomson was unable to produce in discovery the report for that month. Fuka maintains that she made no personal calls exceeding ten minutes in November, and we shall assume that to be true at this stage of the proceedings
Fuka had complained to Silva earlier in the week that her year-end performance review, and particularly its criticism of her personal phone use, had been unfair
When he decided to terminate her employment, Sparkman did not yet know how many extended personal calls Fuka had made in December 1991. The report for that month did not become available until January 17, 1992
The record does not reveal how many of the applicants were over forty during that period
We do not agree, however, that George's statements are only of "marginal relevance" in any event because George had been transferred to Indianapolis before the termination decision was made. (Cf. R. 32, Mem. Op. at 9.) Sparkman admits that he relied on Fuka's December 23, 1991 performance review in making his decision, and George prepared that review. Thus, if Fuka could show that George had a discriminatory animus that could have affected his assessment of her performance, that animus may have tainted Sparkman's eventual decision even if George was by that point hundreds of miles away. See Dey v. Colt Constr. & Dev. Co., 28 F.3d 1446, 1459 (7th Cir.1994); Jardien v. Winston Network, Inc., 888 F.2d 1151, 1155 (7th Cir.1989); Shager, 913 F.2d at 405
With respect to the fourth element, the Supreme Court recently confirmed our view that the favored employees need not be outside the protected class (i.e., under the age of forty) for the plaintiff to establish a prima facie case. O'Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers Corp., --- U.S. ----, 116 S.Ct. 1307, 134 L.Ed.2d 433 (1996); see also Roper, 47 F.3d at 927

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to convert string timestamp values to datetime64 dtype The resulting DataFrame below lists the Timestamp values as the strings:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'Time':['00:00:00:19','02:11:00:07','02:00:40:23']})

What method to use to convert these string values to datetime64 so the sum() and mean() functions could be applied to the column?
Below is the screenshot of the DataFrame as it shown in Notebook:

A: It's probably not the best way, but it's functional:
durations = (df.Time.str.split(':', expand=True).applymap(int) * [24*60*60, 60*60, 60, 1]).sum(axis=1).apply(pd.Timedelta, unit='s')

Gives you:
0   0 days 00:00:19
1   3 days 08:00:07
2   2 days 00:40:23
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

And durations.sum() will give you Timedelta('5 days 08:40:49')
Okay - slightly easier:
df.Time.str.replace('(\d+):(.*)', r'\1 days \2').apply(pd.Timedelta)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The man of clout occasionally needs his time out. When you're heading for the coast or just getting amongst it, there's nothing better for the party than the loudest, craziest print in the range. Show them you're not all there when the strides come down to show these bad boys off. They'll be scratching their heads as you streak past.


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text:
1 minute ago, RaiderHaters Revenge said:
so his kids saying he was inappropriate and all the videos of him groping and sniffing kids is signs of a good person, why am I not suprised
meanwhile a republican lies and end of world
2) you think its perfectly reasonable for Joe to have the investigator of the company his son is "on the board" of fired and its perfectly ok for his son to get 5 mil loan and give 10% to the big guy
are you related to Brian Stelter?
No. I read his book though. He's OK.
Just now, The Real timschochet said:
lol why am I not surprised, you probably consider him a journalist
Not really no.
Joe Biden is not like most politicians of note when it comes to lying. He stands out in the crowd. It's a false equivalency to claim he's just like all the rest. He plagiarized a man's life once and past it off as his own. He was rightfully pushed aside and called out for that one, the only time he ever was. Shows how far we have fallen.
The other Republicans were willing to overlook Santos' lying, fake resume, stealing from disabled vets, campaign finance violations, and more. But now his goose is cooked. One thing they will not forgive is that he was a drag queen in Brazil.
They gotta go!
Mentally ill, all is forgiven. He'll be a hero of the left by the time this is over.
This guy gets around. I saw him in Malaysian kiosk serving ice cream.
Jus tryin ta feed day family
George Santos is a big issue for democrats because the state of New York is showing signs of turning red. There was a time when you were mocked for saying Pennsylvania, Michigan, or Wisconsin would ever turn red. But it happened in 2016. Well, now the line of defense for democrats is New York state. And the democrats know it. So they are trying to stem the tide by going after a republican representative from New York. Won't work though. Good chance to backfire, actually, because future republicans can use the George Santos situation to criticize the democrats for never going after corrupt officials on their side in the state.
WhiteWonder 1,556
On 1/18/2023 at 11:44 AM, Hardcore troubadour said:
He plagiarized a man's life once and past (passed) it off as his own.
You'd think digby would be a fan.
(in before the "you miss digby")
3 hours ago, JustinCharge said:
He's more of an issue for Republicans because he's a compulsive liar, a tranny and loves teen boys.
Are we allowed to call for him to resign yet?
in before "but Biden"
Strike 2,770
13 minutes ago, TimHauck said:
Just about everyone has been calling for him to resign since before he was sworn in. Try to keep up, Gomer.
Now do the 5 million dollar forgiveable no internet loan that the Bidens got from a CCP controlled bank. Which one is the bigger concern? Never mind the other millions they got from China. Soros should resign and jump off a roof. Biden should go to prison.
36 minutes ago, Strike said:
Not everyone (and several did not really give an opinion).
On 12/29/2022 at 9:55 AM, Dizkneelande said:
On 1/18/2023 at 10:20 AM, Voltaire said:
Santos lied his way into office and is an embarrassment to his side. Scandals like this should have been raised before the election by his primary and general election opponents, it wasn't until after. Congrats for getting away with it. Props to whoever broke the story. It'll be dealt with in the next election, people in hte district didn't know this about him when they voted. Santos has one-term-and-gone written all over him.
Meanwhile, people in the vicinity of being just as bad as him are still in office. Here's one. Watching the exact same people hyperventilating about Santos being removed from office all get in line to slurp this guy's are blowhard hypocrites:
https://www.tiktok.com/@facts_at_theready/video/7188354313289518382?_r=1&_t=8Z4zl9jPIyo
First of all, @The Real timschochet is a bigger idiot than you are so quoting him doesn't mean sh*t. He defends convicted pedos FFS. As for the other two you quoted, I guess you don't get what "Just about everyone" means so let me explain it to you. It means there may be a small number of people who don't share the opinion that the rest of the sentence is going to offer. I didn't realize that when you said "Are we allowed to call for him to resign yet? in before "but Biden" that it required 100% of everyone in the world to want Santos to resign. Because otherwise you're just looking like a fool (again) since "just about everyone", both here and in the real world, has called for this guy to be removed from office.
1 minute ago, Strike said:
Well if the starting point is only people that have posted in this thread, not all of them even gave an opinion, and of the righties, there were like 7 of you (you, HT, Reality, craftsman, old, crackattack, Alias Detective) that said he should go. I don't think that is sufficient evidence to start claiming that's "just about everyone." In addition to some especially saying they thought he shouldn't, there were others such as RLLD that said things like "I don't think Republicans will make him go." And even you said you "don't think he should be in public office," which isn't quite the same as saying he should resign now that he's in it.
And if you're expanding to the real world, that's definitely not true of course as if that were the case for the majority of other House Republicans, he'd be gone already.
To clarify: I recognize that Santos is significantly worse than most politicians in Washington and that's a very low bar to slide under. Still, I don't want Santos kicked out of office because I despise Democrats' and their agenda intensely, far, far more than him, and I appreciate his vote/help to keep them out of power.
I think the voters of his district will fix this problem next election, hopefully in the Republican primary, because if he somehow survives a primary challenge, no independent voter will look his way, this guy is far too damaged to beat a Democrat in 2024.
And the hits keep coming.
Santos claims he was target of assassination attempt in new video
"We have already suffered an attempt on my life, an assassination attempt," Santos said in Portuguese to the "Radio Novelo Apresenta" podcast, which shared the video with "The Rachel Maddow Show" on MSNBC.
Santos also claimed that he was the victim of a mugging in New York City in the summer of 2021. He alleged his attacker took his briefcase, shoes and watch during the incident on Fifth Avenue in broad daylight.
So after Strike's post I wanted to look up who Miranda Devine was, to see if I should take her reporting seriously:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_Devine
Turns out, to my utter lack of surprise given the guy who linked her article, she is a hardline right wing nutcase, a bigot, a climate change denier, a homophobe, a defender of Catholic pedophiles. So no I don't take her reporting seriously.
Well, if AOC can almost be raped by people four blocks away I guess Santos could have been the subject of an assassination attempt.
She posted an e-mail from Hunter's laptop. You can actually use your critical thinking skills to evaluate the evidence regardless of the source. Unless you're just a dem talking point parrot. Which you are.
3 minutes ago, Strike said:
Sure she did.
1 minute ago, The Real timschochet said:
Yeah, you probably still think the laptop isn't Hunter's, just like you have for the last few years.
Just now, Strike said:
I never doubted it was Hunters. I just don't care about Hunter.
But-there are going to be hearings about this. They will be chaired by Jim Jordan, who is unlikely to smother any damning information as you are accusing the MSM of doing. I will watch and pay attention as no doubt you will as well. If it turns out Joe Biden is guilty of serious crimes I will support removing him from office. But for now, given your source and your past history, you'll forgive my skepticism.
Seems to have leveled up from the ordinary lies told by politicians to the upper tier of horseshit. I would not want him as a colleague but i would leave it to his district to seek a recall or to push for other action. I would not lend him the time of day and would decline any discourse with him. I would shun him within the bounds of propriety of the House.
EternalShinyAndChrome 1,475
As well as Hillary too! Anyone remember that Big Lie fiasco?
Just now, EternalShinyAndChrome said:
Was that when she took sniper fire as she walked across the tarmac and continued to walk as the sniper fire rained down upon her?
Just now, Hardcore troubadour said:
yep. good thing she was able to escape it!
Just about everyone has been calling for him to resign since before he was sworn in.
Well, not Kevin McCarthy. He gave him committee seats (clearly in exchange for his vote for Speaker).
4 hours ago, Engorgeous George said:
There is no way for voters to recall members of Congress. That's right in the Constitution. Everybody in his district wants him gone but they can't do anything about it.
Kevin McCarthy, on the other hand, could call a vote for expulsion. If 2/3 of the House voted for him to be expelled, he would be gone.
Funny, if EVERYBODY wants him gone, why hasn't Kevin done this yet? Maybe the same reason he gave him committee seats.
If I take your implication you believe Kevin McCarthy will not do the "right" thing as it might jeopardize his very narrow majority. The implication is the speaker is a moral coward, which in too many instances is part of the definition of a politician. I tend to agree though if i am ascribing to you belief you do not have I apologize. sometimes I see implications which are not really there.
Blumenthal lied about serving in Vietnam. You could add up every lie Santos has told, throw in all of Gutterboys lies and they wouldn't add up to that. So you can quit your crying unless you can produce a post about Blumenthal when that came to light.
Blumenthal lied about serving in Vietnam. You could add up every lie Santos has told, throw in all of Gutterboys lies and it wouldn't add up to that. So you can quit your crying unless you can produce a post about Blumenthal when that came to light.
So we are constrained by past mistakes? We cannot begin to correct matters with the issue which confronts us today and have that be the new precedent? That seems restrictive of growth.
My point is there was no outrage about a more egregious offense . So the ones that climbed up on their high horse about Santos can come down now. Now, when I say Santos is garbage and should resign it means something. But Not from the leftist shitbags.
Posted Friday at 03:40 PM
This guy is a total psychopath. Now he apparently has forged a campaign-manager signature.
https://www.newsweek.com/george-santos-fraudulent-signature-could-final-nail-coffin-1776750
Posted Tuesday at 07:49 PM
Removed from committees.
kozmiq 40
Location:Great Falls, Virginia
Interests:It's none of your gawdam business.
Until things settle down. WTF does that mean.
11 minutes ago, kozmiq said:
Until they boot him after the ethics probe.


Team Bianchi Countervail's athletes will come back to action at the Fingers Cross on Saturday, November 3rd. Marco Aurelio Fontana, Nadir Colledani and Chiara Teocchi will ride their Zolder Disc in the race devised by Marco Aurelio Fontana and organized by Luganano Off Road with the support of Red Bull in Vernasca (Northern Italy).
The Bike Ride, open to every rider and bike category, starts at 2PM, and features an Enduro Test and a Cross Test (the latter including part of Fontana's winter training course). The race will start at 5:00 PM. "The first part of the event, open to all riders, will be really fun with muddy and stony stretches. We'll then stop for a drink and get ready to take in the short-track style race, open to gravel and cyclocross bikes. I invited all the participants to bring their personal style in the event, both in bikes and clothing, either fancy or elegant. The goal is to have fun with style, without any competitive pressure".


text:
More about HKUST
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Can We Reconcile Privacy and Usability? An Overview of Research at Carnegie Mellon
Speaker:        Professor Norman Sadeh
Title:          "Can We Reconcile Privacy and Usability?
An Overview of Research at Carnegie Mellon"
Date:           Thursday, 31 May 2012
Time:           3:00pm - 4:00pm
Venue:          Lecture Theatre F (near lifts 25/26), HKUST
Increasingly users are expected to evaluate and configure a variety of
privacy policies (e.g. browser settings, mobile app permissions, or social
networking accounts). In practice, research shows that users often have
great difficulty evaluating and configuring such policies. As part of this
presentation, I will provide an overview of research aimed at empowering
users to better control their privacy in the context of a family of
location sharing applications we have deployed over the years. This
includes technologies to analyze people's privacy preferences and help
design interfaces that are capable of effectively capturing their desired
policies. This research helps explain why, with the possible exception of
Foursquare, applications in this space have failed to gain traction and
what it will likely take to go beyond the mundane scenarios captured by
Foursquare. Part of this talk will be devoted to user-oriented machine
learning techniques intended to reduce user-burden and help users converge
towards policies they feel more comfortable with. Beyond location sharing,
this talk will also discuss our longer-term goal of developing
personalized privacy assistants (or "agents") capable of engaging in
dialogues with users to help them semi-automatically evaluate privacy
policies and configure privacy settings.
Norman Sadeh is a Professor in the School of Computer Science at Carnegie
Mellon University. His current research interests include Mobile and
Pervasive Computing, Web Security and Privacy, Artificial Intelligence,
Machine Learning and Human Computer Interaction. He is also interested in
the broader social and policy issues associated with the emergence of
social and pervasive computing.
Norman is co-Founder and co-Director of the School of Computer Science's
PhD Program in Computation, Organizations and Society. He is also Founder
and Director of the School's Mobile Commerce Lab. He has been on the
faculty at Carnegie Mellon since 1991 and is also well-known for his
earlier work in scheduling, constraint satisfaction and constrained
optimization, supply chain management, automated trading, and the Semantic
Web. In the late nineties, he served as Chief Scientist of the European
Union's $800M e-Work and e-Commerce program, which at the time included
all pan-European research in cyber security and online privacy. Norman is
also co-founder of Wombat Security Technologies. Among other awards and
honors, Norman was co-recipient of IBM's 2005 Privacy Faculty award and of
the first Google Focused Research Award in Privacy.
Norman received his PhD in computer science from Carnegie Mellon
University, an MSc, also in computer science, from the University of
Southern California, and a BS/MSc in Electrical Engineering and Applied
Physics from Brussels Free University.
Copyright © The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
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text:
It would be good to hear pleasing language again
By John Gould
His name was Southern, he was an actor, and he was the son of an actor named Southern. I believe one of them was doing "Our American Cousin" when Lincoln was shot.
In my high school days, I heard him lecture in a Chautauqua series, and he told of the tedious time he'd spent in learning to speak and to control his voice. I remember how he showed us he could whisper and still be heard distinctly in the third gallery while he was well back on the stage behind the footlights.
This ability was bread and butter to an actor's son, and he was drilled and drilled in controlling his diaphragm and his vocal chords and in projecting.
I was impressed and gave new attention to the matter. It was customary then to give Friday school afternoons over to "speaking," and I had already appeared several times in speaking contests without winning anything.
Now I knew that I should practice. I tried to be the E.H. Southern of the weekly declamation exercises. The next time I spoke I "gave" "The Man Without a Country" and got second prize. It can be done.
I've thought about this lately as I listened to television personalities who are plainly untrained and talk away until I mute them because I don't understand a word they say.
I thought it was me, but when I asked others what he or she had said, they said, "I don't know, they all talk that way nowadays." I suppose the Friday afternoon recitation session has been replaced in our schools by something much better that you plug in.
A pupil didn't get called on every week, but was expected to be ready to recite. After you had delivered a "piece to speak," you memorized another for next time. Teachers commented on posture, gestures, and so on, and besides making you glib and easy before an audience, the experience taught you some poetry or prose that it was good to know.
Ask, and you'll find today's kids have never heard of "Thanatopsis," the poem by William Cullen Bryant, but everybody in my high school class could repeat the whole thing.
Public speaking was important in college, too.
Unless we passed English 1, we wouldn't get a diploma. It was a "pipe" class, once a week, but it had to be taken seriously. We had "speakers," books with accepted pieces to declaim, and it often happened that half the class picked the same piece to declaim the same day. We'd hear "Against Flogging in the United States Navy" 11 times. Another good one was Thomas Reed's "I Love the State of Maine," and it was believed that anybody reciting it was automatically passed by Wilmot Brookings Mitchell, the Edward Little professor of composition and rhetoric who taught the course and invented the pear-shaped tone.
Foreign students always offered that classic, assured they'd be passed, and there was a student tradition that Chai Hi Fong of Canton and the Class of 1916 had delivered his Chinese translation of it. Anyway, every alumnus was a public speaker, and that was a good thing.
School-day recitations were given in the main room with the teachers all at the rear, in order to be serviceable. But at college we spoke in the vast auditorium of Memorial Hall with only Professor Mitchell in a rear seat.
It took some good projecting to reach him, but he could whisper and be heard when he corrected and suggested.
"Not 'gunga din,' " he'd whisper, "Watch the rhyme and be British, 'deen, deen, deen!' "
Professor Mitchell frequently spoke at dinners and occasions. It was a joy to hear him practice what he taught, each vowel and consonant, each phrase and sentence perfect and precise, and every peroration brought to a resounding success.
There are Edison phonograph recordings of William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator, and they are remarkable for their quality. But Bryan was a piker compared with Professor Mitchell. The professor never slurred, he never er-ah'ed, and he had withering ways to silence things like "you-know-you-know-you-know," which today are about all some public speakers can say.
Because other classes were meeting in other parts of Mem Hall, we did not disturb them with applause for good speaking, but Professor Mitchell allowed us to snap our fingers, a somewhat droll reward, and when he joined in the speaker knew all was well. When nobody snapped, it told the disappointed speaker it was time to do "I Love the State of Maine."
No doubt the microphone and public-address loudspeaker and broadcasting have something to do with the decline of articulation, a mistaken belief having arisen that because something is heard, naught else matters.
But Aristotle's rules are still valid. He is still our best authority, and he insisted on pleasing language. It would be nice to hear some now and then.
"Prunes" and "prisms" were proper words for young ladies to say.
Y'know?
Paula Deen: Fans serve up heaping helpings of support
Thomas George Paculis extortion try: Vultures circling over Paula Deen's crisis?
How are Paula Deen cookbook sales faring?
https://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0726/p22s04-hfjg.html


text:
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After qualifying, Shital worked as a Senior House Officer in Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, in the community dental service and as a specialist doctor in the Orthodontic department at Chase Farm Hospital. This has given her a lot of experience in all aspects of dentistry.
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Matilda Windsor Is Coming Home
In the dying days of the old asylums, three paths intersect. Henry was only a boy when he waved goodbye to his glamorous grown-up sister; approaching sixty, his life is still on hold as he awaits her return. As a high-society hostess renowned for her recitals, Matty's burden weighs heavily upon her, but she bears it with fortitude and grace. Janice, a young social worker, wants to set the world to rights, but she needs to tackle challenges closer to home. A brother and sister separated by decades of deceit. Will truth prevail over bigotry, or will the buried secret keep family apart? In this, her third novel, Anne Goodwin has drawn on the language and landscapes of her native Cumbria and on the culture of long-stay psychiatric hospitals where she began her clinical psychology career.
Anne Goodwin's drive to understand what makes people tick led to a career in clinical psychology. That same curiosity now powers her fiction.
Anne writes about the darkness that haunts her and is wary of artificial light. She makes stuff up to tell the truth about adversity, creating characters to care about and stories to make you think. She explores identity, mental health and social justice with compassion, humour and hope.
A prize-winning short-story writer, she has published three novels and a short story collection with small independent press, Inspired Quill. Her debut novel, Sugar and Snails, was shortlisted for the 2016 Polari First Book Prize.
Away from her desk, Anne guides book-loving walkers through the Derbyshire landscape that inspired Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre.
Subscribers to her newsletter can download a free e-book of award-winning short stories.
The seeds of the story in a humorous poem
Matilda Windsor Is Coming Home is about a brother and sister, separated for fifty years, and the ardent young social worker who seeks to reunite them. I started writing in 2014 but, although I didn't know it, the seed was sown almost thirty years before. My first job on qualifying as a clinical psychologist was in a long-stay psychiatric hospital. On my first visit to a continuing care ward, housing older women who had been resident in the hospital for many years, the Sister, who had also been there several years and was as institutionalised as the patients, got one of the women to sing me a nursery rhyme, and I wondered what kind of crazy place I'd come to. Everything is material for a writer; in fact, fiction can upgrade real life. It took me a while, but you can see what I made of that excruciating experience in this extract, made more sinister perhaps when I swapped the nursery line for comic verse.
A corridor led to a large lounge bordered by stiff-backed chairs where old ladies sat in splendid isolation while, beyond their reach, a television chatted to itself. The afternoon sun spilling through the high windows could not dispel the gloom. Hunched figures paced the carpet while others, seated, snored or muttered witchy incantations. Some rocked and others contorted their lips and jaws like gurners at Crab Fair, except that these women didn't twist their faces for a prestigious prize, but as a side-effect of antipsychotic medication.
In contrast to the rehabilitation wards, the staff wore the traditional nurse uniform, in deepening shades of blue spanning the hierarchy from nursing assistant to sister. Although the residents had no official uniform, they all wore shapeless floral dresses in non-iron nylon with thin cardigans, and slippers.
In a blue so dark it was a hair's breadth from black, Sister Henderson occupied a desk in an office with an observation window into the lounge. As Janice took a seat by the open door, one of the pale-blue minions set down a tea tray with matching teapot, milk jug, and china cups and saucers, a lidded bowl of sugar cubes with filigree tongs. In addition to tea, Sister Henderson dispensed a slew of demographics: who was the oldest; who had been resident the longest; who had been subjected to the most courses of ECT. Her monologue was punctuated by a procession of old ladies to the door, whom Sister Henderson studiously ignored. Janice was becoming accustomed to the ritual when the nurse cut short her soliloquy on insulin coma therapy. "Matty Osborne! Away and meet the new social worker."
Who should shuffle forward but the delightful eccentric who'd asked if she'd fled the circus? Janice extended her hand. Instead of taking it, the patient curtsied.
"Tell our visitor about your mother," said Sister Henderson.
"My mother married a prince," chimed the old woman.
"What else can you tell our visitor, Matty?"
"Matilda told such dreadful lies it made one gasp and stretch one's eyes …"
Janice recognised Hilaire Belloc's humorous poem about the girl who cried wolf. When her father read it to her and her sister – pausing after Fire, fire! so they could shout Little liar! – the child's death provoked fits of giggles. Now, prattled by the victim's namesake, it seemed obscene. As Matty fixed her gaze on a smudged whiteboard and Sister Henderson looked on devotedly, Janice couldn't decide which woman was battier. The poster in the social work office, of which she'd initially disapproved, struck her now as painfully pertinent: the passage from Alice in Wonderland where Alice tells the Cheshire cat, I don't want to go among mad people. In her youth, Matty might have felt the same.


text:
Quick Answer: What Are The Main Difficulties In Gene Therapy?
What are some problems with gene therapy?
Is gene therapy a permanent cure?
Why is gene therapy so expensive?
Is Gene Therapy Safe What are possible side effects?
Can genetic disorders be cured?
What are the types of gene therapy?
Why does gene therapy not work well in the real world?
What are some examples of gene therapy?
Why is gene therapy bad?
Why is gene therapy unethical?
How do you modify genes?
How reliable is gene therapy?
This technique presents the following risks: Unwanted immune system reaction.
Your body's immune system may see the newly introduced viruses as intruders and attack them.
This may cause inflammation and, in severe cases, organ failure..
Gene therapy offers the possibility of a permanent cure for any of the more than 10,000 human diseases caused by a defect in a single gene. Among these diseases, the hemophilias represent an ideal target, and studies in both animals and humans have provided evidence that a permanent cure for hemophilia is within reach.
The main reason gene therapy is so expensive, however, may be the paradigm used in the price-setting strategy. The cost of production is weighed against the value of a life saved or the improved quality of life over a specified timeframe.
Current research is evaluating the safety of gene therapy; future studies will test whether it is an effective treatment option. Several studies have already shown that this approach can have very serious health risks, such as toxicity, inflammation, and cancer.
Many genetic disorders result from gene changes that are present in essentially every cell in the body. As a result, these disorders often affect many body systems, and most cannot be cured. However, approaches may be available to treat or manage some of the associated signs and symptoms.
There are two different types of gene therapy depending on which types of cells are treated:Somatic gene therapy: transfer of a section of DNA to any cell of the body that doesn't produce sperm or eggs. … Germline gene therapy: transfer of a section of DNA to cells that produce eggs or sperm.
Gene therapies require pumping massive doses of the carrier virus into people–many times more than you'd see in a natural infection. At such high doses, a virus that doesn't normally cause an immune response is far less likely to get out of hand and harm the patient.
Human gene therapy has been attempted on somatic (body) cells for diseases such as cystic fibrosis, adenosine deaminase deficiency, familial hypercholesterolemia, cancer, and severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome.
Gene therapy does have risks and limitations. The viruses and other agents used to deliver the "good" genes can affect more than the cells for which they're intended. If a gene is added to DNA, it could be put in the wrong place, which could potentially cause cancer or other damage.
The idea of germline gene therapy is controversial. While it could spare future generations in a family from having a particular genetic disorder, it might affect the development of a fetus in unexpected ways or have long-term side effects that are not yet known.
To change an organism's genetic makeup, scientists can identify a specific gene that produces a particular function or trait in one organism, such as resistance to insect pests, then copy and isolate that gene to transfer it into another organism.
Although gene therapy is a promising treatment option for a number of diseases (including inherited disorders, some types of cancer, and certain viral infections), the technique remains risky and is still under study to make sure that it will be safe and effective.
Quick Answer: What Kind Of Antibiotics For Ear Infections In Adults?
Should adults take antibiotics for ear infections?
Quick Answer: Why Does McAfee Keep Blocking Websites?
Why is my firewall blocking Google Chrome? It'
Quick Answer: How Do You Make Grilled Chicken Soft And Juicy?
How do you keep chicken moist when grilling?
What Is An Example Of Acquired Immunity?
What are the 5 types of immunity? ImmunityInnate immunity.
Quick Answer: How Common Is Relapse After Jaw Surgery?
How does lower jaw surgery change your face?
What Is The Emergency Room Called?
Can A&E turn you away? Can I be turned away from A&


text:
Expert shows school district funding disparities
The Texas Legislature's decision to cut $1.4 billion in grants to public schools disproportionately hurt poor districts, costing them $253 per student a year compared with $21 a year for rich districts, an expert testified Monday, the Associated Press reports. Albert Cortez, policy director at the Intercultural Development Research Association, also said that Texas' poorest school districts charge higher local property taxes yet collect about a fourth less in revenue per student than the state's wealthiest districts. He said the poorest 10 percent of districts statewide levy an average of 11 cents more per $100 valuation in local property taxes compared with the wealthiest 10 percent of districts. However, that translates to about $1,430 less in funding per student — a 25 percent difference between the two groups…


text:
(100896) 1998 JT3 es un asteroide perteneciente al cinturón de asteroides, región del sistema solar que se encuentra entre las órbitas de Marte y Júpiter, más concretamente a la familia de 2000AV117, descubierto el 6 de mayo de 1998 por el equipo del OCA-DLR Asteroid Survey desde el Sitio de Observación de Calern, Caussols, Francia.

Designación y nombre
Designado provisionalmente como 1998 JT3.

Características orbitales
1998 JT3 está situado a una distancia media del Sol de 3,170 ua, pudiendo alejarse hasta 3,496 ua y acercarse hasta 2,845 ua. Su excentricidad es 0,102 y la inclinación orbital 6,426 grados. Emplea 2062,09 días en completar una órbita alrededor del Sol.

Características físicas
La magnitud absoluta de 1998 JT3 es 14,7. Tiene 6,499 km de diámetro y su albedo se estima en 0,066.

Véase también
 Lista de asteroides del (100801) al (100900)
 Cuerpo menor del sistema solar

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Modelo en 3D de algunos asteroides
 Circunstancias de Descubrimiento: Planetas Menores Numerados

Asteroides del cinturón principal
Asteroides de la familia de Higía
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos por el OCA-DLR Asteroid Survey
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos desde el Centro de Investigaciones en Geodinámica y Astrometría
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos en 1998
Wikiproyecto:Asteroides/Artículos de asteroides

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Officials Inaugurate Khawaf-Herat Railway Line
By Mohammad Haroon Alim / in Business / on Thursday, 10 Dec 2020 01:59 PM / 0 Comment / 307 views
A major joint infrastructural project was officially inaugurated on Thursday.
Both the Afghan and Iranian Presidents spoke online during the ceremony, for they couldn't physically attend the ceremony to contain COVID-19 pandemic.
President Ashraf Ghani called the Khawaf-Herat railway project vital and important, not only for Afghanistan but for Iran and the region.
The railway is 130km long and covers 70km of land in Iran while 60km in Afghanistan. This project will boost regional trade between Afghanistan and Iran.
According to reports, the Khawaf-Herat railway facilitated imports of goods from Iran via Herat province, carrying 500 metric tons of cement and another train carrying passengers arrived in the Ghoryan district of the province.
Afghanistan will benefit from the railway for the first time from routs that links Afghanistan to Iran, the Persian Gulf, and all the way to turkey close to western ports.
At the cost of 75 million dollars, the project had started in April 2007 with Iran's aid and was scheduled to finish in 2009, but due to different issues, the project was delayed.
Khawaf-Herat Railway will facilitate transit in Afghanistan and provide reliability and comfort to the Afghan investors and merchants.
Afghanistan is a poverty-stricken country that unemployment is one of the factors that significantly...
The Aqina-Andkhoi railway was officially inaugurated in Faryab province on Thursday. Afghan...
Ariana Afghan Airlines Add $3.4M to 2020 Revenues
The Ariana Airline Company had 3.4 million revenue in the year 2020, despite the pandemic crisis,...
Elon Musk Becomes The Richest Person, Dedicates Wealth To Mars Colony
Image Source: Social Media Elon Musk has become the world's richest person, as his net worth...


All of our flowers are fresh from the farm. Therefore they will last longer.
The flowers are harvested, then the designers create a beautiful hand tied bouquet delivered fresh to your customer the next day.
They will receive their flowers in a box.
Flowers are shipped the next day for a flat rate of $16.95. Regardless of weight!
Are flowers shipped overnight everyday?
If an order is placed on Monday, it will go out on Tuesday.
If an order is placed on the weekend, it will go out Tuesday.
Is there a cut-off time for placing a flower order?
All Flower Orders Must Be In by 11:00 AM EST Monday – Thursday for Next Day Delivery! Friday orders will not be processed until Monday and delivered on Tuesday!
Some flower bouquets come with a vase. To find out if a particular bouquet comes with a vase is very simple. Visit the "flower" category.
Next, under the description you will see if that particular bouquet comes with a vase.
Assortment includes: Spray Roses, Asters, Bells of Ireland, Eucalyptus, Bear Grass, and Tree Fern and with vase.
Do you ship to funeral homes?
Sorry, we do not deliver to funeral homes. We suggest to have the flowers delivered to a loved one and they can take the bouquet to the funeral home.
Do you ship to nurshing homes or hospitals?
We can not guarantee deliveries to nursing homes or hospitals. Early checkouts and delays at central receiving are beyond our control. We recommend shipping to a friend or relative and have them personally deliver your gift.


text:
Behind the Gates of Graceland – Rolling Stone
Friends Jeanene Erdahl and Lisa Larson drove all night from Minnesota to Graceland, arriving in Memphis at 4:30 a.m. to queue for a memorial to honor the life of Lisa Marie Presleywho died last week at 54. Later today, they'll turn around and do it again.
Erdahl and Larson, who became fast friends seven years ago after bonding over their mutual love of Elvis, watched the memorial service just a few steps from where the mourners like Axl Rose Y Alanis Morisette they were paying musical tribute to the only child of Elvis and Priscilla Presley.
"She was part of our generation, and [we] I saw her go through difficulties in her life and overcome them," says Erdahl. Rolling Stone. "She had strength and character and dynamism, and she just seemed so fun."
Mourners traveled from around the world to pay their respects to Lisa Marie, a talented musician as well as the caretaker of her father's legacy for most of her life. Debbie Ramage of Courtenay, British Columbia, was planning to finally visit Graceland next year on her 60th birthday, but she decided to come now to pay her respects to her family. "I think she was brilliant," Ramage says of Lisa Marie. She "she was very similar to her father. She has that beautiful spirit as her father, and she was a beautiful singer."
Under a cold, gray Memphis winter sky, family, friends and a crowd of mourners estimated to number in the thousands gathered in front of a stage set up just outside the gates of Graceland: the mansion Elvis bought in 1957 and the house where Lisa Marie spent her first four years. Attendees lined the circular driveway and stretched toward the stone wall that runs along the north side of the property as a succession of guests, from Priscilla Presley to Memphis Mafia alumnus Jerry Schilling, took to the dais. As each guest left the tent, the crowd, without warning, held up photos of Lisa Marie and waved them in tribute.
MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE – JANUARY 22: Fans gather to pay their respects at the Lisa Marie Presley Memorial on January 22, 2023 in Memphis, Tennessee. Presley, 54, only child of an American singer elvis presley, died on January 12, 2023 in Los Angeles. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images)
fake images
Like the general mood, the musical performances were mostly somber, with billy corgan of the Smashing Pumpkins (whose friendship with Lisa Marie dates back to their 2003 collaboration "Savior") performing the To adore cut "To Sheila" on an acoustic guitar. Alanis Morissette took the stage with a pianist to sing "Rest," which she wrote after Chester Bennington's suicide in 2017 and released for the Mental Health Day of Action in 2021.
Then, in a surprise appearance that could only be upstaged by a cameo from Elvis himself, Axl Rose arose. Dressed in a long dark coat and scarf, the vulnerable and emotional Guns N' Roses frontman stood behind the podium at Graceland and admitted that he was speechless and nervous about being asked to speak at the memorial. "I'm still in shock as I feel like I will be for quite some time," Rose, a longtime friend of Lisa Marie's, said. "I feel like I'm supposed to be texting him right now." He followed his comments, read from his phone, taking a seat at the grand piano and playing a swift-fingered rendition of GNR's signature ballad, "November Rain."
After the service of just over an hour, the mourners, who were asked not to photograph family members and guests out of respect for Lisa Marie, walked quietly up Graceland's driveway to their final resting place. of Lisa Marie in the Meditation Garden, the same route that thousands of Presley worshipers take each August 15 as part of the candlelight vigil to mark the anniversary of Elvis's death.
MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE – JANUARY 22: Fans gather to pay their respects at the Lisa Marie Presley Memorial on January 22, 2023 in Memphis, Tennessee. Presley, 54, the only child of American singer Elvis Presley, died on January 12, 2023 in Los Angeles. (Photo by Justin Ford/Getty Images)
Wreaths sent from Elvis fan clubs in Italy, Japan, Sweden and Germany lined the walkway leading to the garden. A bouquet of red and white roses was placed nearby, with a card reading "In loving memory, of Axl Rose." Mourners filed slowly, first past the graves of Elvis and his parents, Gladys and Vernon, and then turning to pay their respects at the grave of Lisa Marie alongside her son, Benjamin Keough, whose 2020 suicide devastated Lisa Marie. Flowers, stuffed animals and other memorabilia surrounded their mausoleums, with another bouquet of white roses, this one sent by Oprah Winfrey, bringing them together.
After paying her respects, Katrina McElyea of Memphis, whose mother was a nurse for Elvis's controversial doctor, Dr. George Nichopoulos, and who occasionally plays Elvis's mother in reenactments of her life, reflected on the memory of Lisa Marie and what it meant to the worldwide Elvis community.
"She was someone who cared not only for her family and her father's legacy; she cared about the fans, she cared about the tribute artists," says McElyea. "She really loved each one of us, and to be here and give back even a fraction of that love is really special to me."
#Gates #Graceland #Rolling #Stone
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text:
from extract import Extract

ext = Extract()
ext.clone_repo("https://github.com/rajikaimal/npm-checker", "/home/rajika/Desktop/test2")
ext.get_parsed_diff("/home/rajika/Desktop/test2")

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Bank of Finland offers two separate visitor programmes intended for the outside research community. The Research Unit runs the Visiting Scholars Programme, which is directed at scholars working in the areas of macroeconomics, monetary policy and financial stability. BOFIT runs the Visiting Researchers Programme, which is targeted at researchers working on emerging markets' economies, particularly Russia and China.


If you shop at the Shaw's supermarket at the 43 Indian Rock Road Windham, NH location, please consider purchasing the reusable GIVE IT BACK WHERE IT COUNTS! bag. The Shepherd's Pantry will receive $1 for every bag purchased until the end of April. Thanks!
Thanks to the Windham Mom's Club for a huge diaper donation to Shepherds Pantry. The donation was so large that we were able to share it with St Gianna's place! Thanks so much.
And thanks to Kids in Service, who are collaborating with Shepherd's Pantry by picking up the brown bag collection from St Matthew's Great job!
Shepherd's Pantry could use donations of personal care items-such as toilet paper, paper towels, toothpaste, tissues, shampoo, bar soap and deodorant.
Items can be dropped off any Monday morning between 6:30am and 11:00am at the Windham Presbyterian Church Hall. Thank You.
Providing help to families in need. Made possible by a dedicated group of volunteers.
Shepherd's Pantry serves about 100 families every week, providing each with one or two bags of groceries plus meat, bread, eggs,some personal/health items, and seasonal vegetables. The Pantry operates from the Windham Presbyterian Church Hall at 1 Church Road every Monday morning between 9:30 am and 11:00 am. It is run entirely by volunteers; there is no paid staff. Shepherd's Pantry was founded in 1992 by the Windham Presbyterian Church and St. Matthew's Church and has been serving the greater Windham area continuously since then. We are thankful for the generous support we have received from all aspects of the greater Windham Community. Shepherd's Pantry is open to anyone who resides in New Hampshire and needs assistance. For more information about the Shepherd's Pantry please contact us.
If you live in New Hampshire and need food assistance, come to the Windham Presbyterian Church Hall any Monday morning between 8:30 and 11:00. Bring a driver's license or other identification showing your present address. Once registered, you will receive a bag of groceries plus meat, eggs, fresh vegetables, bread and pastry items. The quantity of food your receive will be based on the number of people in your household. You may return whenever you need assistance but no more frequently than every other Monday. If you have others in your household, we will ask for some documentation that they are living with you but that documentation can be brought on your second Pantry visit. If you need emergency food assistance on days the Pantry is not open, go to the building directly across from the Windham Town Hall at 4 Lowell Rd (M-F, 8am-4pm) and ask for a bag of groceries.
The Pantry gratefully accepts food and personal care items as well as monetary donations. The operations of Shepherd's Pantry are carried out by a dedicated group of volunteers who, each week,shop for food, pick up regular donations from supermarkets and bakeries, haul these to the Pantry, fill the shelves and freezers, and then bag the food and distribute it to our clients each Monday morning. If you are interested in volunteering to work in some capacity for the Pantry, please contact us.


Located in the heart of historic Llangollen, Buttered Crust can be found opposite the main entrance to the large car and coach park on Market Street. "...Our cafe is open for breakfasts, lunches, snacks and tea & coffee and all visitors are sure to receive a warm and hospitable welcome from the Buttered Crust staff..."
390 Click Throughs => £195 based on an example £0.50 cost of a click through from Google pay per click.
The click through ratio to this accommodation provider's own website is 26% .


This is a practical book on how to apply statistical methods successfully. The Authors have deliberately kept formulae to a minimum to enable the reader to concentrate on how to use the methods and to understand what the methods are for. Each method is introduced and used in a real situation from industry or research.
Each chapter features situations based on the authors' experience and looks at statistical methods for analysing data and, where appropriate, discusses the assumptions of these methods.
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* Includes a supporting website, providing software to aid tutorials.
Scientists and technologists of all levels who are required to design, conduct and analyse experiments will find this book to be essential reading.