A list of all the entities currently licensed and regulated by the Commission.
The Commission is keen to offer support and help innovative financial service businesses.
In September 2013 the Commission established a dedicated Division to focus on enforcement matters.
Procedures for making complaints against regulated financial services businesses and the Commission, plus information on the Commission's whistleblowing line and service level performance statistics.
Links to relevant laws, regulations, instructions, rules, codes, guidance and other documents.
A list of all the documents and thematic reviews found across the Commission's website.
Publications issued by the Commission, including annual reports and external evalutions.
Keep up to date with all the Commission's latest events.


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This is my second post in our alphabet series, we were meant to be doing a letter every couple of weeks, but have been delayed with holidays and birthdays! Monkey will be going to school just after he has turned four, and they have started learning letters at nursery. I wanted to carry on the good work by starting to introduce them at home. However I wanted to do this in as creative way as possible and avoid any sort of rote learning, plus he will loose interest quickly.
Buttons, bugs and play dough – mainly because it was easy to transport as I actually started this letter when we stayed in Dawlish for a couple of nights. Monkey had great fun making little cakes out of the play dough and adding the buttons as icing. Then we squashed bugs and looked at the impressions they made.
Bubbles – goes without saying really any excuse to play with bubbles lands well with Monkey, I often carry a wand around in my bag. Although we did discover while at the beach to avoid sand at all costs. Monkey was quite disappointed when they stopped working. We made up for it by building sand castles instead.
Letter 'b' alphabet boxes – you can find my post on alphabet boxes here. We have been sorting the contents into its correct box as well as matching the contents to alphabet cards. Monkey loves any sort of small part play and 'sorting' so this plays to his interests. This time we played the game with four different letters instead of the normal two and he managed really well with matching the items.
I also used the contents of the letter b box to play a memory game which he really enjoyed, again you can read the full post here.
Broad Bean Picking – technically not playing! However when we visited Roundstone's Monkey asked if we could pick some broad beans as well as strawberries. He did a really good job and when we got home we shelled them.
I also intend on making each letter into a picture, with both a capital version and a lowercase version, you will see our letter B versions below. I used templates for the letters from The Measured Mom you can find them here.
By having them in a scrapbook I hope it will make them readily accessible so that he read it whenever he wants. For letter 'B' we made a capital bird with googly eyes and for the lowercase 'b' we made an boat using coloured paper and card.
To help further with letter recognition I also found this brilliant bingo marker letter hunt from Living Life Intentionally I was really impressed by how quickly Monkey conquered this.
We made a lowercase letter 'b' into an bee. I brought a papier-mache letter 'b' from Hobbycraft, Monkey painted it yellow and black before I added pipe cleaners for legs and goggles eyes, using a glue gun to secure them. Our plan is to have a whole lowercase alphabet of different animals, insects and amphibians by the time we have finished.
Monkey and I made a banana loaf and brownies for his nursery Summer party. Links the receipes I used are below.


9ct rose gold and simulated morganite cushion vintage ring is rated 4.0 out of 5 by 4.
Rated 1 out of 5 by Anonymous from Engagement ring no.2 This was my replacement ring after my first one broke & couldn't be reordered by Ernest jones. This one lasted a little longer than the first one but the gold is soo soo soft that it was long before the gold has snapped underneath the morganite & was stabbing in my finger! Eventually it just buckled & was impossible to wear due to it snapping more & more! We then gave it up as a bad job & bought privately rather than through a chain! If you want this as everyday wear think again!
Rated 5 out of 5 by Anonymous from Stunning ring. The rose gold , morganite and diamonds go together beautifully to make this ring look stunning and a bit different. Had lots of compliments. My husband chose this ring as a valentines present after I hinted that I liked morganite and rose gold together. He chose very well !


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Buckeye Brad
Everything posted by Buckeye Brad
Buckeye Brad replied to IndyGuy4KI's topic in Other Amusement Parks & Industry News
I attended in 2002, 2006, 2015, 2020, and 2021. Every time has been a fantastic event, however the last 2 have felt so much more crowded. Voyage lines were 40 + minutes as Hendricks mentioned, and the "running of the bulls" after the Saturday dinner was one trip away from a serious incident in my opinion. On the other hand, while my son and nephew waited an hour for a Saturday night Voyage ride, I casually got 3 Raven and 4 Legend rides, some without leaving my seat. Those coasters were "ghost towns". I appreciate Holiday World trying to tweak and improve this beloved event. Some sacrifices will be made, but hopefully the result will be a safe, enduring, special event for years to come.
What food would you like to see added to the park?
Buckeye Brad replied to Thabto's topic in Kings Island
I'd love something similar to frozen Butterbeer at Universal. Or really, any frozen non-dairy slush type beverage. I've found that when it's hot, cold treats with dairy don't get along with my stomach. But frozen Butterbeer and similar, I can do all day long. I miss the Stawberry and Pineapple Congo Coolers they used to sell back by the Screamin Demon. if there is something similar today, please let me know as I'm not as familiar with the current offerings.
The Probable Reason Why Orion is 3/4 of a Giga
Buckeye Brad replied to super7's topic in Kings Island
There appears to be plenty of room in front and left of the front gate for some coaster track. This would be more like Leviathan at CW than GateKeeper CP. In my opinion this is a better option because it retains the feel of the existing entrance plaza, but still creates a fun dynamic of bringing a coaster "outside" of the park. When I visited CW, the "parking lot" elements of Leviathan did create a fun effect.
Holiday World 2021
Buckeye Brad replied to BeeastFarmer's topic in Other Amusement Parks & Industry News
We arrived very early this morning and just left the late night portion. A fantastic day as always, albeit very crowded. No additional information shared about the tragic fatality beyond the park's statement and local news coverage. It's always very sobering when a fatality (or even serious injury) occurs at an amusement park, regardless of cause. I just rode Raven in the back seat a few hours ago. EVERY time I ride and get to that 5th drop, I think about the 2003 fatality. It's sobering and terrifying. Be smart, and be a protector to your loved ones.
Why was Vortex hated?
Buckeye Brad replied to Vortex_fan's topic in Kings Island
I believe 98% of the hate is the result of the head banging, uncomfortable hard seats, and (in my opinion) a claustrophobic feeling in the trains. I loved it though. Regarding the comparisons to Cedar Point Corkscrew and BG Loch Ness Monster…Vortex was built at a very high elevation compared to those two. Except for the final elements, everything was very high off the ground, which required more steel supports, which were more expensive to maintain. That height made Vortex all the more impressive visually, but I believe contributed to its shorter life.
Buckeye Brad replied to IndyGuy4KI's topic in Kings Island
I scored 2 rides on Friday night…front seat and second from back. In my opinion, these rides were slightly better than my 3 rides last year. Can't put my finger on any one aspect that was significantly different, just felt solid all the way through. Also, the trim brake did not feel as strong. The first drop is still magnificent. :^)
The Racer 2020 Off Season Track Work
Buckeye Brad replied to Kyle Kruthoffer's topic in Kings Island
I was fortunate enough to take a ride on Racer tonight at the friends and family event. Blue side, second seat. Best Racer ride for me in years. The new outbound stretch was whipped cream smooth and the entire ride was great. Great job to KI and GG for all the TLC on Racer. I'd still love a backwords ride, but short of that, I'm thankful that Racer is running fantastic again.
kiblog
Eiffel Tower Photo Contest
Coronavirus Impacting Theme Parks
Buckeye Brad replied to Hawaiian Coasters 325's topic in Kings Island
One area of confusion/disagreement is that of TIME of close contact to be considered exposure. Last year I remember hearing about "close contact" with a COVID positive person being 15 consecutive minutes, then 15 cumulative minutes in a 24 hour period. I've not heard much mention about that since. And I was never clear if those minutes applied to outside (presumably more than 15 minutes). Interestingly, yesterday I saw this quote from Cedar Point: "In addition to continued guidance from health professionals, none of our rides are long enough to meet the criteria that's been established by the CDC as consistent exposure," -Tony Clark So while I still am personally not 100% clear on the current CDC guidance, we can infer Cedar Fair's understanding of what duration of outdoor exposure is safe. That said, their policies do vary by state (see Kings Dominion) and certainly by country (see Canada's Wonderland). There is quite a spectrum in policy among amusement parks, and now sports teams (Braves and LSU). I'm looking forward to enjoying this season at KI, masks or not. :^)
The Beast Decapitation
Buckeye Brad replied to NellyRacer's topic in Rumors
Disclaimer: I've never believed that this incident was true in any form. I posted the article to make the point how easy it is for these stories to spread, even in the mainstream news. Just making that clear as this thread develops.
One would think that Kings Island PR would have demanded an immediate correction. Maybe someone with access to USA Today back issues (microfilm at a library perhaps) could look at issues from the following days and see. I've seen so many errors in coaster articles and TV news over the years that have always made me cautious about believing everything I see.
Re-reading this article, there are all kinds of errors and exaggerations: -Beast being a "white" coaster -Ninja being the latest coaster "twist"(8 years after the first suspended coaster) -Racer being the USA's only dual tracked coaster (Colossus is even mentioned later in the article, not to mention Rebel Yell, Gemini, etc) -100 million riders on Arrow coasters in 1987? That sounds off by a few... On the other hand, the Louisville Sporting goods guy they interviewed sounds legit. We should track him down and get the real story :^)
I did when I was a kid. My dad would save them for me too. In the pre-internet days we had to be creative and observant. :^) It's not a big collection, maybe 20 or so articles and brochures I stuffed in a tote between other newspapers about the Reds and Bengals championships.
On a hunch I dug though some old papers and found it. USA Today, 1988 The pictures are out of order but the entire article is there. The section in question is highlighted.
I have a memory of reading a newspaper article (in the late '80s) on coasters or coaster safety that made a passing mention to this Beast decapitation story. It might have been worded something like "a man died on The Beast when he stood up and hit a tunnel ". My memory of the exact words is admittedly fuzzy, but I do remember that I was surprised and suspicious. I'd never heard of this incident before, and could not confirm it (with the sources available to a teen in the late '80). Given how closely Kings Island has always been covered by local media, I can't imagine any incident of major public interest (like a ride-caused fatality) going unnoticed. In any case, sometimes these false "stories" are spread by legitimate news sources. Perhaps an honest mistake, or something else. My guess is that this all originated with some guys getting off the ride and commenting on what would happen "if" someone stood up. We ALL thought it because the speed combined with all those tunnels certainly captures the imagination. Because of that potential image, I didn't need the lap bar or any restraints to convince me to "Sit on it". :^)
Omnimax Theater
Buckeye Brad replied to Stephen's topic in Kings Island History
It was back near where the new antique cars are now, just across from where The Vortex queue once stood. It did have a somewhat bubble shape like the inflatable theater you are thinking. I remember it was much smaller and more like a yurt or steel framed tent.
I loved watching these. I believe the park called it the "Cinema 180". A new one every year. I remember each one stating with a coaster POV, then a random collection of other POVs like a race car, airplane, and even a runaway baby carriage through a hilly downtown. The floor was uncomfortable, and we got quite dizzy, but it was always a nice break. I looked a while back on YouTube and was not successful.
What was the reaction when Son of Beast was announced?
Buckeye Brad replied to Sixflags82's topic in Kings Island History
I remember watching the coverage of the announcement that day and following the coaster forums that were around then. Overall, most fans were absolutely thrilled at the size, scope, and theme. It seemed like a perfect "Kings Island" addition, and one that would dominate the park for the next few decades. I do remember a few comments and concerns about the manufacturer, and about the long term maintenance of a wooden coaster that large. I saw their point, but figured that KI's maintenance would work out any bugs eventually. As for myself, I was pretty pumped, but a little underwhelmed by the post loop layout. I rode SOB and Holiday World's brand new Legend a few weeks apart, and realized that (in my opinion) Legend was better in almost every way. Here is my small piece of Son of Beast, on my desk at work to remind me to dream big, but to be humble as well.
Kings Island Camp Cedar to Open Spring 2021
Buckeye Brad replied to IndyGuy4KI's topic in Kings Island Central Newsroom
4. Why were no tent camping sites added into the campground? Answer: The campground was not designed to offer tent or primitive style camping, but guests without an RV may stay in a cottage. This is an interesting non-specific answer. My guess is that there are 2 reasons: 1. Tent camping requires a decent amount of space + restrooms and showers, and the return on investment to maintain those is not that great considering the lower price point of tent stays. 2. Tent camping can bring in more noise and drama that don't mix well with the resort environment they are going for. I've tent and hammock camped all over the US, and am disappointed that camp Cedar won't have tent sites, but I understand the decision. There are nice tent camping options just up the river. Repeating that these reasons are simply my guesses. There may be others, including county health codes hurdles and such. My church opened a huge primitive private campground east of Cincy a few years ago, and deals with lots of county health restrictions that I would not have thought of. I love the idea of tenting in the woods between the river and The Beast. Here comes your 6AM wake up call!
The Racer or The Beast
My humble vote goes to The Beast. I am a big fan of The Racer. Without it, The Beast would not likely exist, and I would love to see The Racer restored to its red, white, blue, smooth, racing, and backwards glory. The Racer absolutely helped the public fall in love with wooden coasters again. It was "just" a bigger version of what riders were familiar with (Shooting Star). But The Beast defined how a coaster could be huge, "epic", and have a personality. A story. An immersive experience before, during, and after. Much of this is due to the hidden setting that had to be ridden to be known, and even the logo. Just look at this logo. It looks like a poster for a great horror movie. Riding The Beast, especially at night, was like experiencing that movie. We are so lucky to have both Beast and Racer in one park!
Ride Wait Times 2020 Season
Coaster lines are long. Currently in a (supposedly) 50 min line for Mystic Timbers. According to the app, Orion is 90 min, Beast 60. My plan of many night rides is foiled. Thankful to be at KI with my family though. White Water Canyon was a sweet walk-on, with great views of Mystic.
B&M Giga coaster chain lifts
Buckeye Brad posted a topic in Other Amusement Parks & Industry News
I am curious about B&M giga coaster chain lifts. My limited coaster understanding In the 90s was that coaster chain lifts above 200' were heavy and reaching the practical limit. This appeared to be confirmed in 2000 when Steel Dragon utilized dual chains, and Millennium Force introduced a cable lift. Flash forward to 2012, and Leviathan breaks 300' with what appears to be a traditional chain lift. Not only that, it's quite fast, and there's no return trough hanging below... it's enclosed in the beefy track. This has obviously been successful with Fury and now Orion. So my question is, what's special about B&M giga chain lifts? How did they seemingly so simply solve this problem that other engineers did not?
Remembering King Cobra
Buckeye Brad replied to hotrodyoda's topic in Kings Island History
I ride KC a lot from 1985-1991 as a teen. My experiences were almost always smooth. It had a bit of an edge to it because the tall restraints felt a bit shaky, but I never had discomfort or even head banging. I also learned how to adjust the restraints quickly while boarding: equal clearance above the shoulders and below the crotch. This provided airtime up top, and protection down below. Carefully looking at the layout photos of KC, you may notice that it has a certain elegance, and smoother transitions between elements, that Vortex for example did not. This elegance helped provide a smoother ride in my opinion. The loading was always slow. Two train stacking was the norm due to lots of customized adjustments by the operators to most every seat. Even short lines took longer than expected. One unique feature was the abrupt final brake run. I learned to relax my body right before, providing a weird forward air time. Another unique feature was a station flyby just after the helix. After exiting the train, you could stand periously close to the next train speeding out of the helix, close enough to see the contorted faces of the riders. Another memory is the forced exit though the Safari themed gift shop. One of the fancier KI shops. In my final analysis, KC was a fun, consistent ride, always worth a <25 minute wait. It was a great compliment to Vortex, and had great theming, especially in the early years. I rode Skyrider in 2014, and sadly it was painful and did not match my memories of King Cobra.
4D Free Spin?
Buckeye Brad replied to SonofBaconator's topic in Kings Island
I also rode X2, on my first ever visit to SFMM this past summer. My thoughts... 1. It looks awesome and intimidating 2. In theory it's fantastic ride... the rotation was a gimmick, but a really cool gimmick. 3. My first ride was rough but unique and enjoyable. My second was downright brutal. I was being shaken like crazy, and begging for it to be over. Both rides were in the same seat (front, right, outboard) but perhaps different trains. I consider my coaster pain tolerance to be above average (happily endured 3 Vortex rides in half an hour last October). But this second X2 ride was a dealbreaker for me. 4. I think there are only 2 of these because it just appears ridiculously complex and expensive, and because it's just too extreme for most of the general public. I think that beyond the hardcore coaster fans, the GP would much prefer to ride a B&M wing coaster, which looks "close enough" to this with a much more comfortable riding experience. I'm glad Arrow and Six took a risk and tried something new... But in the end I can see why other parks go a safer route. I doubt KI will install anything more "extreme" than Banshee in the foreseeable future. If Orion is anything like my rides on Leviathan, it will be a magic carpet, smooth, fast delight that will appeal to far more riders than a 4D coaster.
WINTER CHILL OUT 2020
Buckeye Brad replied to RedSummit20's topic in Other Amusement Parks & Industry News
My son and I went last year. Highlights: 1. As mentioned, the freedom to roam an empty park. The cool weirdness of seeing the park in "winter mode" (no flowers or landscaping, many rides disassembled) 2. Getting up close and personal with the Intamin coaster trains. Millennium force and Dragster trains were on the midways near their stations, separated into cars and up on risers. Very nerdy, but I actually laid down on the cold pavement to look underneath at the mechanics of the wheels and axles. It's cool how complex and heavy duty everything is. 3. The separate trip to the Amazement Shop" on the mainland. More up close and personal encounters with most every coaster train, many stripped down to the frame. Also enjoyed the newly painted Corkscrew cars and the huge paint booth. 4. The hotel laundry room. Those machines are big. Really big. 5. The overall VIP feeling. It was cold so they passed out hats. Plenty of hot chocolate. Every employee we encountered was enthusiastic and eager to share and answer our questions. It's a 4 hour drive, and therefore maybe a once or twice a decade activity for us. But we're very glad we went.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We're out riding in the cold, but if you're shopping today and for the rest of the holidays, Clip-n-Seals make a great, fresh gift (as they have for like a decade). Find them on Amazon, Pinterest (in app), and directly in Twitter.
The original Clip-n-Seals are designed here in Seattle and made in Yakima, Washington by the same people that share all the bike riding with you.


eBay warned Canadian sellers it had begun collecting sales tax on purchases made to buyers based in certain US states. eBay is following Marketplace Facilitator laws that require marketplaces to collect sales tax from buyers located in states that have passed such legislation.
While it may have been obvious that transactions involving US sellers would be impacted by such laws, sellers from outside the country may not have been, and may not be, aware of eBay's new practices.
In June 2018, a US Supreme Court decision removed the requirement for retailers to have a physical presence in a state in order for that state to impose sales tax on these retailers.
Some states have extended the tax collection obligation to marketplaces. This means that regardless of where you're physically located, if you sell to buyers in certain US states, those states will require the collection of applicable taxes on your transactions.
Additional states will likely be added to the list above – you can stay informed by viewing the US Taxes and Import Charges help page.
If you have any questions about these new tax requirements, we recommend that you consult with your tax advisor. Have questions? Ask our community.
sickening. the supreme court are traitors.
i spit on them and any seller who goes along with this and doesn't fight it.
Greedy corrupt governments finding more and more ways to fleece their citizens.


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Home » Biography » Trista Sutter Age, Net worth, Twitter and Career
Trista Sutter Age, Net worth, Twitter and Career
Published Date: 27th December, 2016 @08:12 AM
Married on
Blakesley Grace Sutter, Maxwell Alston Sutter
Education at
Indiana University Bloomington, University of Miami
Net Worth(s)
Name on Birth
Trista Nicole Sutter
@tristasutter
Trista Sutter age is already 44 years. Many people remember her as a reality television star that has been known for her appearance on the reality television show of the ABC called The Bachelor. She has also been the star of The Bachelorette after her appearance in this show was widely appreciated. A native of Indianapolis, she later went on to star in several other reality television shows like Dancing with the Stars as well as Fear Factor. She is known for being the first bachelorette to be cast in The Bachelorette. Her appearance in other reality shows has made her hugely popular amongst her fans and she continues to win the hearts of many, because of the endeavors she has carried out on screen. She is still very beautiful and a charming personality.
Trista Sutter was born on the 28th of October, 1972. Trista Sutter age thus is known to be 44 years as of now. She was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. She was born as Trista Nicole Rehn and Trista Sutter is her married name.
Trista Sutter career started off as a contestant on the first season of The Bachelor of the ABC. The show started off on 2002 and has had 21 seasons up until now. After she finished as a runner-up in the show, she was selected to be featured in the first season of the spin-off, The Bachelorette. She chose Ryan Sutter to be the winner for the first season of The Bachelorette and the couple seems to be happily together in the past years.
Apart from this, Trista Sutter has also been a former cheerleader and has appeared in a KFC commercial. She has made appearances on 'Fear Factor' and 'Dancing with the Stars'. She has also been involved with the 'American Heart Association' and has starred in the program named 'Marriage Boot Camp: Reality Stars'. She and her husband have been contestants on the 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire'.
Trista Sutter personal life and dating details especially after her appearance in TV ,have been pretty open to the general public. Trista Sutter has been married since a long time and that too to the winner of her very own series The Bachelorette. Trista Sutter age was 30 years when she competed in the first season of The Bachelor. Shortly a year afterward, when she took part in the first season of The Bachelorette, she chose Ryan Sutter to be the winner.
The couple is one of the few people who has taken the relationship that started off on national television, to a long lasting relationship bound to work for life. The couple got engaged on the finale of the show. The wedding of this wonderful couple was televised on the television too. Trista Sutter and Ryan's marriage was showcased as a miniseries in the name of Trista and Ryan's Wedding. The miniseries which was filed in The Lodge luxury resort in Rancho Mirage gave them the sum of 1 million dollars by the ABC network. The marriage ceremony was showcased in a three-episode special, which drew over 26 million viewers. The episodes became the most-widely viewed episodes in the history of reality television of that time. The marriage date was on the 6th of December, 2003.
Thirteen years later, the relationship of the couple still seems to be going along pretty well as of now. The couple has two children now. The children are named Max and Blakesley. The happy family resides in Vail, Colorado and they seem to be getting along pretty well as of now.
Net worth and Facts
Trista Sutter net worth has risen greatly over the past few years because of the endeavors she has carried out in the field of reality television. To be precise, her net worth is a whopping 2 million dollars. her net worth has been on the rise, ever since she started appearing in the reality television show, The Bachelor. It surely seems to be at a constant rate of rising in the past few years.
Trista Sutter has also been known to have undergone surgery. She has admitted herself, that she has undergone plastic surgery in order to look and feel more beautiful. She has stated that she wanted to feel pretty again and then underwent surgery three months prior to her 40th birthday in order to feel more beautiful than she already is. She has undergone surgery that has augmented her breasts and eyelids.
Trista Sutter age is already 44, but she manages to look pretty as ever. Trista Sutter age was 40 when she decided to undergo plastic surgery. She has the height of 5 feet and 2 inches and the pictures of her hot body and dressing sense, makes it out to the Trista Sutter twitter account. Trista Sutter twitter account has a huge number of followers and she seems to be active in social media.
Trista Sutter
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Dana Jacobson Net Worth


Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
This special issue focuses on the origin and nature of microvesicles and their vascular targets modulating the functions of the blood vessels through different cellular, biochemical, biophysical, and molecular mechanisms at different cellular levels (endothelial and smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts). This will be addressed in the normal biological function and pathophysiological states of the blood vessels and geared towards clinical and translational medicine and health.
We will invite authors across the world who specialize in vascular biology and microvesicles/lipid vesicles/liposomes/microparticles. This special issue on "Microvesicles in Vascular Biology" will include Original Articles, Reviews, Opinions and Commentaries, etc. All submissions will undergo rigorous peer review and will be published free of charge upon acceptance.


#Tweets4Toys is a series of sponsored weekday Twitter giveaways that run from Monday through Friday throughout the whole year! Our favorite toy companies are giving YOU the chance to win the hottest toys on the shelves!
Each day, users will be asked to retweet, like, post a photo, or answer a question on Twitter using #tweets4toys and @thetoyinsider for a chance to win a prize from our weekly toy sponsor!
Tweets featuring the daily task will be posted at 10 a.m. Monday through Thursday. Winners will be chosen at 9 a.m. on the following day (Tuesday through Friday) and notified via a direct message on Twitter. Selected winners must respond to the direct message within 24 hours of being chosen and they must provide The Toy Insider with their shipping information via direct message or email. One tweet per task per day per user will be eligible. By entering in the contest, you give The Toy Insider permission to retweet and otherwise share your tweet and its photos, as well as to announce you as the winner via Twitter after you have claimed your prize. U.S. residents only!
Each week, we will announce the weekly toy sponsor here, on our Twitter page, on our Facebook page, AND on Instagram, so check back with us to see the cool toys you can enter to win. Happy tweeting!
Remember, there are more chances to win Just Play's Hairdorables prizes during our #Hairdorables Twitter Party on Thursday, April 18! RSVP NOW!
What do you think about Tweets4Toys 2019: Win Toys All Year Long!?


On Tuesday 14th June at 6:30pm, Automation Consultants will be holding The AC Atlassian Assembly in the City of London. This event aims to showcase the business benefits of the Atlassian suite and allow current and prospective users of JIRA, Confluence, Bitbucket and the whole Atlassian range to exchange experiences and ideas.
This Atlassian event will show what these popular and fast-growing products can do for a business, with expert advice not only from our speakers but from Altassian and other like-minded users as well. It will be a great opportunity to learn and network in the attractive surroundings of the Haberdashers' Hall in the City of London.
The evening will be in the form of a series of presentations, aiming to show how to maximise the business benefits of the Atlassian solutions. There will be a live demonstration of most of the suite showing how it works across the whole software lifecycle, from requirements, via project management, development, testing and deployment. There will be plenty of time to ask questions and interact with other users.
Automation Consultants will also be demoing JIRA Portfolio 2.0 for the first time in the UK, possibly even the world. The long awaited new version of this popular product was officially announced by Atlassian on 7 June.


Arch-rivals from opposing sides of the Hundred Years' War. Each of them a talented medieval commander, but with a great respect for the other's skills and abilities. Presenting two classic Citadel Miniatures – Sir John Chandos and Bertrand du Guesclin.
This is "Biscuit Dude", and he's come to fight you with his sock dragon. He's my first painted miniature of 2018, and it's exactly thirty years since he was released.
Saint Augustine arrived in Britian AD 597 to revitalise Christianity. For the next four hundred years, crudely constructed churches like this one appear across the island.
Friar Tuck, legendary tonsured companion of Robin Hood, joins my miniatures collection.


Independent Plumbing, Heating, Air & Electric Service Providers Benefit from New HR Partnership.
DES MOINES, Iowa – October 1, 2013 – BirdDog and Wonderlic, have completed a collaboration to integrate two HR Software solutions specifically designed for the plumbing, heating, air and electric trades. This new customized offering is available only to members of Nexstar®.
Nexstar members have enjoyed BirdDog and Wonderlic solutions since 2003. BirdDog provides recruitment management via cloud-based software. Wonderlic provides pre-employment assessments to screen prospective employees. The integration of the two software solutions enables Nexstar members to view candidates' Wonderlic assessment results by clicking a link from within their BirdDog Applicant Tracking System (ATS).
This integration comes following a release of updated software from BirdDog.
The combination of these two strategic partner solutions give Nexstar members a huge advantage over others in the industry when it comes to finding and hiring the great people needed to grow their businesses. "Using BirdDog to find and track qualified candidates along with Wonderlic to assess them is a winning combination," said Troy Allgood of Allgood Electric.
The new solution is now available to all Nexstar members. Nexstar members with questions about the integration should contact Michelle Erickson at 515.473.9222.
Nexstar® Network has a 20-year history as a member-owned business network. Currently, more than 450 independent home service contractors work together to improve their business and strengthen the PHCE industries. Nexstar members benefit from business training, business management systems, and dedicated business, call center and marketing coaches.


This aromatic aquatic fragrance gives men energy and refreshment with its marine notes. Starts with fresh aromas of petit grain and citrueses. The heart of the fragrance features posidonia oceanica seaweed. The base is extremely masculine due to mineral amber and woody notes. It has a fresh opening but after few minutes it turns into a very dark , deep and complex scent.


"To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love." Our annual Jane Austen Ball has always brought people together in discovering and exploring their love for Jane Austen. Come celebrate Austen and her novels with us as we learn Regency dancing while listening to live music. Be entertained by our actors as they perform a dramatised reading from one of Jane Austen's beloved novels.
Sorry, you missed Jane Austen Ball 2019 at Kallang Theatre.
Demand that Kallang Theatre gets added to the next tour!
You missed Jane Austen Ball 2019 at Kallang Theatre.
We're generating custom event recommendations for you based on Jane Austen Ball 2019 right now!


The real benefit of standing desks is that they allow you to move more. We've covered that before. We've also said that blood flow is incredibly important, and that humans are designed to have healthy blood flow only when our calves flex regularly, as they do when walking.
So it seems like a no-brainer that treadmill desks are a great solution.
What better way to move more and flex your calves regularly than walking at your desk? Unfortunately, common sense doesn't win out this time.
Treadmill desks are actually a pretty bad idea, because they teach bad movement patterns and hurt your productivity. Let's dive in to the details.
Walking is good. You can walk on treadmills. So treadmills must be good, right? Wrong.
When walking outside, you move relative to the ground. As we all know, the treadmill flips the script; the ground moves relative to you. It turns out this actually changes how your muscles are used.
In typical walking stride, you engage your hamstrings and glutes to push yourself forward by pulling your legs back. In the science of gait analysis, this portion of the movement is called "the swing".
On a treadmill, the moving belt does that work for you. You just have to get your next foot out in front of you to keep from falling down, and lift your back foot to keep from moving backwards. Research shows that posterior chain engagement in "the swing" is lessened by treadmills.
For the same reason, you also miss out on some of the calf flexing that walking is supposed to provide, which was the biggest benefit we were looking for.
Losing the engagement of these three groups in your posterior chain means that treadmill walking isn't providing the same benefit that real walking does. Even worse, walking on a treadmill trains your body to limit posterior chain engagement, hurting your walking form when you do get outdoors for the real thing.
Treadmills are flat and boring. Nature is not flat and boring. Humans aren't meant to walk flat and boring. I'm sure this paragraph is getting flat and boring with repetition, but this is an important point.
Pictured: Poor form on flat, boring treadmill.
Real walking takes place over varied terrain, loading your joints and balancing muscles myriad ways as you navigate the land. Humans are built to climb mountains and jump streams, balancing direction changes from rock to rock. That's VERY different from a flat, boring treadmill.
All of this – failing to correctly engage your posterior chain, training yourself to walk with poor form on consistently flat ground – is a recipe for injury.
Standing still doesn't provide healthy movement, but at least it doesn't make your walking worse. Walking on a treadmill is bad practice for walking because it actively teaches you to walk the wrong way, unevenly building and atrophying competing muscles along the way.
This means when you finally do get out of the office and into the wild, you're very likely to hurt yourself.
But working at a treadmill desk actually hurts your work too.
You've probably experienced this. I know I have. Kahneman goes on to explain that this happens because walking represents a cognitive load (your brain is using some "CPU" to walk), and that process must be stopped to free up "CPU" for hard thinking. This is confirmed in the research.
Of course, on a treadmill, one doesn't simply stop walking (without an ensuing faceplant, anyway). So you'll keep walking, and your brain will run slower because of the cognitive load of walking.
Treadmill desks do not achieve desired posterior chain engagement.
Treadmill desks train poor walking form.
Treadmill desks do not offer sufficiently varied terrain for proper health and safety.
Treadmill desks make you less productive.
I'll add that you'll probably have to shell out $1,000+ for a decent treadmill desk. Looks like a pretty bad deal, doesn't it?
Start with a standing desk (this table should help you choose one). Be conscious of your standing surface. You want some cushioning (like an anti-fatigue mat) and some stuff around to drive movement.
Do you have anything interesting under your desk to play with? What has worked for you? Let us know in the comments.
Is the author trying to sell an alternative to treadmill desks? These criticisms are very poor and obviously one-sided. The first two are written as if one was choosing between walking outdoors versus on a treadmill. That's utterly missing the point. I walk many miles a day on my treadmill desk, but I still go for outdoors walks because they are different! We know that already, thank you. The author is correct that it can be difficult to do hard thinking while walking fast, which is why I STOP when I need to do so. The actual hard thinking is 15-30 minutes of my day if I'm lucky., the rest of the time I'm walking and loving it!
Thanks for your comment. The point is not that walking outdoors is better than treadmill walking. The point is that walking outdoors improves you, and walking on a treadmill makes you worse.
Hence the phrase "walking on treadmills is the junk food of walking", which we stole from attribute to Katy Bowman. McDonald's isn't just worse than steak – it's actively bad for you. And it's our stance that treadmills are actively bad for you.
I've always suspected this. Just the mere fact that you are trying to hold your upper body stationary while your lower body is moving goes against what I call "natural movement" and has always caused me low back pain and stiffness – no matter how slow I walked. While attempting to work at my walking desk I always felt the need to "fight the slouch". If the keyboard is to low, I slouch while moving (this has to be bad) and if too high, I have to raise my shoulders in a very unnatural way – while arching my back – keeping the upper body stationary / and arms stationary WHILE the lower body is moving / resulting in everything feeling very tense and unnatural with an uncreased in sway back. I really don't think walking on a treadmill (without working) is bad if you watch your body mechanics, don't go too fast and swing your arms normally, but the standing working thing – just doesn't work for me or anyone I know.
Just for the record, even if NOT slouching or over arching the back (the posture itself is correct) – the mere fact the your upper body is held stationary while the lower body moves is still the major problem when body mechanics are considered here.


Gum Arabic is a gum formed from the sap of Acacia trees, which grow in Sudan and throughout the African Sahel, stretching from Senegal to Somalia. Acacia senegal (the Gum Arabic or Gum Acacia tree) produces the highest qrade of Gum Arabic, known as Kordofan or Hashab and primarily comes from Senegal. Acacia seyal (also known as Vachellia seyal or the Red Acacia tree) produces a grade called Talha gum that mainly comes from Sudan. Incisions are made in the bark to encourage the production of the viscous exudate, which is tapped and hardens in the air and sunlight to form tear-shaped lumps.
Gum Arabic is sold in the form of lumps or a food and pharmaceutical grade powder. It is edible, but tasteless and odourless, and performs an encapsulation and suspension function for flavours. The gum also has film-forming and adhesive properties, functioning as a binder and gelling agent. It is a natural hydrocolloid, forming a gel in the presence of water, but is fully water-soluble, forming a clear, viscous solution that is weakly acidic (pH of around 4.5). Gum Arabic comes in two grades that have different chemical compositions: Senegal grade is used as an emulsifier, mainly in beverage emulsions, while Seyal grade is used in confectionery, coatings and as a soluble dietary fibre.
Gum Arabic is used as a food additive in sauces and dressings, functioning as an emulsifier, stabiliser and thickening agent. In dry packaged goods such as soups, instant drinks and dessert mixes, Gum Arabic improves dispersion when added to a liquid and helps to encapsulate and protect flavours, extending shelf-life. In baking, it is used in icing, fillings and edible glitter for cakes. In beverages, Gum Arabic acts as an emulsifier and stabiliser of oil-water emulsions, a thickener in dairy products, and a clouding agent in other liquids. It is also a foam stabiliser in carbonated soft drinks and a clarifying agent in the production of alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer, as well as acting as a texture improver in winemaking.
Gum Arabic is used as an ingredient in chocolate candies, gumdrops, marshmallows and chewing gum. It functions as a glazing agent to coat chocolate products thanks to its film forming ability, and also acts as a barrier coating to separate sugar and fat. Gum Arabic helps to retard crystallisation in high sucrose confections and emulsifies oils and fats used as flavourings. In addition, it is used as a flavour carrier, imparting a clean, long-lasting fresh taste in chewing gum. In soft, chewy candies, Gum Arabic enables the product to be chewed for a longer period without sticking to the teeth. It is used in higher concentrations in reduced calorie soft candies. Gum Arabic is also used in anti-cariogenic (anti-tooth decay) candies since it is resistant to degradation by micro-organisms in the mouth.
Gum Arabic is used as a dietary supplement, including high fibre powders and drinks, and may have some prebiotic properties. It is also an ingredient in cough syrups and is used as an excipient coating for tablets and capsules. In addition, it may promote wound healing and act as a demulcent, relieving inflammation or irritation of the mucous membranes in the mouth by forming a protective film and reducing dental plaque.
Gum Arabic is used as a binding agent in incense.
Gum Arabic is used to coat textiles and as an ingredient in leather shoe polish.
In the Printing industry, Gum Arabic is used in lithography for both traditional stones and aluminium plates. The positive part of the image is etched using an oil-based (hydrophobic or water-repelling) substance, while the negative image remains water-retaining (hydrophilic). When a solution of Gum Arabic in water is applied to the plate, the gum sticks to the non-oily surface, ensuring that the oil-based ink only adheres to the positive image. Gum Arabic also acts as a viscosity control in inks and is used in paint production. In addition, it forms an edible glue used as an adhesive for postage stamps, envelopes and cigarette papers.
In the Photography industry, Gum Arabic is used to create a coloured photographic emulsion that becomes relatively insoluble in water after exposure to ultraviolet light. The gum also helps bind the pigments to the paper.
In the Art industry, Gum Arabic is used in watercolour paint as it helps bind the pigment to the paper surface. The gum in the paint film acts as a glaze, increasing luminosity, preventing the colours from lightening and the paint from bleeding beyond the brush stroke. It also allows more working time by slowing water evaporation.
In the Ceramics industry, Gum Arabic is used as a binder in ceramic glazes, helping the glaze adhere to the clay prior to firing. It also increases the fluidity of the glaze mixture. On firing, the gum burns out at a low temperature, leaving no residue in the glaze.
In the Pyrotechnics industry, Gum Arabic is used a binder in fireworks.
Zoo keepers feed Gum Arabic (e.g. two parts water or fruit juice to one part gum) to primates like marmosets and bushbabies kept in captivity as a substitute for the tree gum they would naturally consume in the wild. Squirrel monkeys and tamarins are also believed to enjoy the taste. Gum Arabic is a source of energy, calcium and other minerals, as well as being used as a means of enriching their lives.
In the Personal Care industry, Gum Arabic is used as a binder, emulsifier and suspending (viscosity increasing) agent in facemasks, skin creams, hair creams and other lotions.


four profiles were found for Caninesupportteams.org in social networks. Among other social networks the website is represented in Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest and YouTube.
The web server used by Caninesupportteams.org is run by A2 Hosting and is located in Ann Arbor, USA. On this web server 43 other websites are hosted. The language of those websites is mostly english.
The Caninesupportteams.org websites were developed using the programming language PHP and served by a Apache server. For managing the data of the webpages the CMS WordPress in the version . is used. The website uses the latest markup standard HTML 5. The website does not specify details about the inclusion of its content in search engines. For this reason the content will be included by search engines.


text:
Arnold Schwarzenegger Biography
Born: July 30, 1947
"You have to be very careful to make pictures not just for yourself, but for the people," says Arnold Schwarzenegger. And that he has done. In spades.
People laughed at the body-building hunk from Graz, Austria, when he set his sights on being a Hollywood star. But they're not laughing anymore and haven't been for some time now.
Schwarzenegger has an indomitable will to succeed as he made clear when he decided in his teens to use body-building as a stepping stone to bigger and better things. At 20, he became the youngest Mr. Universe ever. A year later he starred in his first movie. Granted, it wasn't that good a movie. But he'd begun his climb to the top. Not that he needed the money. Before his mega-successful movie career, Schwarzenegger had already made himself into a millionaire with his real estate dealings and mail-order business selling fitness books and cassette tapes, all the while completing a correspondence courses from the University of Wisconsin which ended in his bachelor's degree in business and international economics.
By the time the body-building documentary Pumping Iron made him a national celebrity, Schwarzenegger was already tooling around Los Angeles in a Mercedes Benz and living in a $200,000 house. Like few pumped-up action stars before him, Schwarzenegger has also been able to combine light comedy with his more muscle-bound roles, scoring box office hits in the process with such films as Twins and Kindergarten Cop. The Terminator (1984) was a huge hit that spawned two sequels—Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991) and Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003).
He married to Maria Shriver, a member of the Kennedy clan, in 1986 and it seemed that his wife's political genes may have run off on Schwarzenegger, although unlike Shriver's uncles, Robert and John F. Kennedy, Schwarzenegger is a Republican. After being elected Governor of California on October 7, 2003, he put his movie career on hold to fulfill his political duties.
In May 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger separated after it was revealed in the media that he had fathered a son over 14 years earlier with a woman who had worked as a housekeeper in their home. Although Schwarzenegger reportedly spent a lot of time the child, the boy never knew who his real father was until the story was covered by the press.
In 2010, Schwarzenegger returned to the big screen with a small, uncredited role in the action film The Expendables. He went on to reprise his character, Trench, for the sequel The Expendables 2 (2012) and The Expendables 3 (2014).
Schwarzenegger reunited with Sylvester Stallone in the action movie Escape Plan (2013). Then, thanks to Terminator Genisys (2015), the former "Mr. Universe" returned to the Terminator franchise that propelled his career in Hollywood. Also in 2015, he was confronted with a zombie attack in Maggie (2015), a horror drama in which Abigail Breslin played the title role.
Then, it was yet another return to the Terminator. The story of the blockbuster Terminator: Dark Fate (2019)—partly imagined by Canadian James Cameron and directed by Tim Miller—starred not only Schwarzenegger, but also Linda Hamilton and Mackenzie Davis.
Aftermath (2017)
Terminator Genisys (2015)
Maggie (2015)
Sabotage (2014)
Ten (2014) (2014)
Escape Plan (2013)
The Last Stand (2013)
The Expendables (2010) (uncredited)
Around the World in 80 Days (2004)
Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)
Collateral Damage (2002)
Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001) (voice) (uncredited)
The 6th Day (2000)
End of Days (1999)
Junket Whore (1998)
Eraser (1996)
Jingle All the Way (1996)
Beretta's Island (1994)
A Century of Cinema (1994)
Junior (1994)
True Lies (1994)
Dave (1993)
Last Action Hero (1993)
Feed (1992)
The Last Party (1993) (uncredited)
Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
Kindergarten Cop (1990)
Red Heat (1988)
Twins (1988)
Predator (1987)
The Running Man (1987)
Raw Deal (1986)
Commando (1985)
Conan the Destroyer (1984)
Conan the Barbarian (1981)
Scavenger Hunt (1979)
The Villain (1979)
Pumping Iron (1977)
Stay Hungry (1976)
The Long Goodbye (1973) (uncredited)
Hercules in New York (1970)


text:
Operating Systems: OpenDarwin Shutting Down
I totally missed this: OpenDarwin is shutting down:
OpenDarwin has failed to achieve its goals in 4 years of operation, and moves further from achieving these goals as time goes on...The original notions of developing the Mac OS X and Darwin sources has not panned out. Availability of sources, interaction with Apple representatives, difficulty building and tracking sources, and a lack of interest from the community have all contributed to this.
I can't say I'm surprised. When it comes to playing fair in the open source world, I simply trust the Linux guys more than I trust Apple. Besides, Darwin isn't even the most interesting thing about OS X--Cocoa is. Tragically, it's closed source.
As you all know, I've been pondering operating systems lately. I just don't think people are going to tolerate Apple's walled garden / vendor lock-in forever. I don't get the sense that Vista is a huge success. Based on my attendance at Linux Expo for the last seven years in a row, Linux seems to be somewhat quiet these days, at least on the desktop side. It makes me wonder what's going to happen on the desktop.
Maybe the desktop is dead--killed by the Web and Google. Maybe the desktop is going to be reborn via the likes of Adobe Air. I sure hope not. I don't need any more proprietary systems from Adobe! Maybe the desktop and the world-wide Web are both less important these days now that Facebook is functioning as a social operating system.
I don't know, but I do think there is some room for innovation.
Shannon -jj Behrens said…
Ok, I've thought about it a little more. What would I like to see? Now that Second Life is becoming an open platform where everyone can run their own servers and there's an open source client, I want to see Second Life win as the next UI platform. I'm not so sure I want to be word processing documents in Second Life, but in some sense, I'd like to see it succeed as the next great platform.
> Linux seems to be somewhat quiet
> these days, at least on the
> desktop side.
Would you say KDE4 is "quiet" ?
Jesse said…
http://www.macosforge.org/
Apple is less of a walled garden then it typically appears. A lot of the DRM/Proprietary/iPhone esque lock in is a thin veneer of control, frequently - as seen with the apple tv, Apple looks the other way.
Darwin is still open source, and I can still run open source applications - linux/unix applications on the platform (OS/X) I run.
The announcment is from July of 2006. It was well known at the time amongst the very small group of people who were paying attention to Darwin. The OpenDarwin group were trying to expand Darwin past its very limited user base, but couldn't find sufficient interest amongst developers to continue. No big deal.
mikeal said…
The day OpenDarwin shut down apple brought up MacOSForge.
Instead of having a group the "plays nice with the community" MacOSForge just gives a place for all the open source work being lead by apple to happen in the open and they leave it to those groups to engage the community and outside developers on their own. It's actually a much better system.
The Apple Calendar Server and WebKit have a better list of outside contributions right now than Thunderbird does. And in terms of ease of development by outside developers, I would say WebKit is a more straightforward and easy to dig in to that the Firefox core.
Every time a company dedicates a group to be their "open source" group it inevitably goes sour. Their job is basically to make open source work for their company and rarely the other way around. But just having a policy for a product to be built in the open and allowing the engineering to manage the community themselves is much better. Engineers just want to make a cool product and tend to work better with the community because they have a common goal.
> Would you say KDE4 is "quiet" ?
Maybe I live in a box, but I haven't heard anything about it lately. I would be trilled in KDE konquered the world ;)
Jesse,
Thanks for your comments. Don't mind me if I play devil's advocate a little:
> http://www.macosforge.org/
Oh, thanks for that. Still, that looks more like a Sourceforge than a Debian, if that makes any sense.
> Apple looks the other way.
Yeah, but that's not a way to encourage an active community. "Prison's a lot of fun because you can goof off when the prison guard isn't looking!"
> Darwin is still open source,
Yeah, but what good is a kernel that you can't really use because you lack necessary drivers for your Apple hardware?
> I can still run open source applications
That's true of Windows too ;)
Mikeal, great comments. Thanks.
jon said…
Air isn't proprietary. It's html, javascript and CSS based on top of Eclipse. Air is one of the cooler things I have seen in a long time, especially if you need to compile down to a 'native' app.
Air is built on Flash and Flex:
http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/air/develop_flex.html
Computer Science: Smart People Have Weird Hangups
What's Going on with my Wireless?
Computer Science: Popular Languages Never Die
Ruby: All Your Method are Belong to Me
Treo 650 on Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)
Python: Coding in the Debugger for Beginners
Facebook: HTTP GET
Python: Database Migrations
Vim: VimOutliner
Pondering Operating Systems


A timebox is a previously agreed period of time during which a person or a team works steadily towards completion of some goal. Rather than allow work to continue until the goal is reached, and evaluating the time taken, the timebox approach consists of stopping work when the time limit is reached and evaluating what was accomplished.
Timeboxes can be used at varying time scales. The "pomodoro technique" organizes personal work around 25-minute timeboxes. In a completely different domain "speed dating" is known for its seven-minute timeboxes. Time scales ranging from one day to several months have been used.
The critical rule of timeboxed work is that work should stop at the end of the timebox, and review progress: has the goal been met, or partially met if it included multiple tasks?
1991: the details of the "timebox" are described at length in one chapter of James Martin's "Rapid Application Development"


This DIY food pyramid plate helps kids visualize how much of each food group should be on their plates. The craft enables children to be involved and teaches them about food groups in a simple way. The bright colors are a lot of fun for children, and serve as a reminder for better eating, and portion control!
Sketch out your drawing of the serving size sections. Use tape for straight lines and separate the sections.
Start painting! Paint the colors you want for each section. Let it dry and do as many coats as you want to get full coverage.
Let it dry overnight, just to make sure it's completely dry.
Later place the plates in the oven, set to 350 degrees for 30 minutes. Leave them in the oven to cool. Then your done!


text:
Driver's quick decision helps her dodge metal beam that crashed through windshield
Posted 6:45 pm, May 16, 2019, by Tribune Media
DAVIS COUNTY, Utah — A near miss on a Utah interstate left a driver rattled and thankful to be alive.
Nicci Sanders was headed north toward Ogden Monday morning when she noticed an object flying toward her car.
"Everything happened in slow motion," Sanders recalled. "I saw the beam coming lengthwise at me and just thought, 'I am going to die. I am going to die.'"
Sanders had just seconds to react.
"I really didn't know what to do other than to try to keep my car in control," Sanders said. "I moved to the left as much as I could without going off the edge of the freeway."
That quick thinking moved the car just enough so the 4-foot metal beam missed hitting the driver's side. Instead, it slammed into the passenger side of the windshield.
"It exploded. I was covered in glass from head to toe. It was spilling out of my ears this morning," Sanders said.
She didn't even suffer a scratch. She's thankful she was paying attention and fears this could have had a much darker outcome if she had been driving distracted.
"It just could have been so terribly wrong," Sanders said. "That's the miracle."
She hopes this serves as a wake-up call for anyone transporting heavy items or cargo.
"Any service vehicle needs to be inspected," she said. "Body inspections need to be done."
Utah Highway Patrol eventually caught up with the truck, and the driver was cited for failing to secure a load.
Sanders is still trying to get over the shock of what happened.
"It was just terrifying. I had a lot of anxiety when I got home," she said. "I've been up since 12:30 this morning. I couldn't sleep last night."
It may take some time before she feels comfortable driving on the freeway again.
"I drove today, and there is some doubt," Sanders said. "I'm just scared to death now."
Sarah Sanders leaving White House post, Trump says
Woman tracks down stolen iPhone, is met with gun
Here's how the dogs from the wild high-speed RV chase are doing
Woman jumps off scooter after brake lines were cut
Couple says man punched through window, pointed gun in North Carolina road rage incident
Son donates part of his liver to his mom, jokes he's off the hook for Mother's Day gifts
Nine years after their wedding, a woman found this couple's photos in a thrift store lunch bag
7-year-old boy saves sister who was having a seizure from drowning in pool
Phoenix mayor apologizes to family who was detained after their daughter took a doll
A family that survived Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana has now been flooded out of their home in Arkansas


text:
A deque is a data structure that supports adding and removing items from both
the front and the back. These operations are typically called 'enqueue front',
'enquirer back', 'dequeue front' and 'dequeue back' (or 'enqueue left', 'enqueue
right'...). Here we use enqueueF(), enqueueB(), dequeueF(), dequeueB().

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Twitter Is Attacking Fake Accounts And Deleting Them
LONDON, ENGLAND - NOVEMBER 07: In this photo illustration, The Twitter logo is displayed on a mobile device as the company announced it's initial public offering and debut on the New York Stock Exchange on November 7, 2013 in London, England. Twitter went public on the NYSE opening at USD 26 per share, valuing the company's worth at an estimated USD 18 billion. (Photo by Bethany Clarke/Getty Images)
Tech Buzz
The Washington Post shared a report that will be news to the bots and fake accounts that are all over Twitter.
According to the report, they have suspended "more than 1 million a day in recent months, a major shift to lessen the flow of disinformation on the platform."
This, of course, is because of the backlash of politics, in reference to Russia and whatnot, but we also have to think that when they start abolishing these fake accounts, follower counts will drop for those would-be influencers that are out there.
Similar to the time that Instagram dropped a ton of fake followers, many will lose some of their "credibility by numbers" in this particular area.
They are also trying to figure out how to make Twitter a safer platform. Del Harvey, the Vice President of Trust and Safety for Twitter, is quoted in the report saying "One of the biggest shifts is in how we think about balancing free expression versus the potential for free expression to chill someone else's speech… Free expression doesn't really mean much if people don't feel safe."
As of right now, they believe at least 5% of Twitter users are fake users. The question is, where will they drop the line?
Fake Accounts,Safety On Twitter,Twitter,Twitter Fakes,Twitter Hacking


Find a Friend provides a list of active community members sorted by level of community activity. This is a great tool to use to see your activity level compared to others in the community. You can use the search feature to locate a community member by display name. This is useful if you are looking for someone that you might already know, or have seen them active in the community and want to locate them.
Find new friends today. Join BronchandNTM360social.


text:
Q: Ajax implementation of like,comment and post feature I have added features of comment,like and make status posts in my website.
But the problem is i want to use ajax for improving its dynamic performance.
But i cant implement ajax. i have the snapshot of the front end where ajax is to be added. I have used PHP.
if anyone can help me to add this.... thanks in advance.
Snapshot of the section to be implemented via ajax
I want to delete and add comments without refreshing the whole page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Horizontal viewport was given unbounded
I am trying to perform a pageview swipe but got the following error above. Please help me solve this problem.
errors:
Horizontal viewport was given unbounded height.
Viewports expand in the cross axis to fill their container and constrain their children to match their extent in the cross axis. In this case, a horizontal viewport was given an unlimited amount of vertical space in which to expand.

Here is my code:
import 'dart:io';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class HomeView extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _HomeViewState createState() => _HomeViewState();
}

class _HomeViewState extends State<HomeView> {

  List<Coffee> coffeeList = List<Coffee>();
  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee('../images/cup_of_coffee.png', 'Cappuccino', 'Coffee 1', 329.0));
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee('../images/cup_of_coffee.png', 'Caffè Americano', 'Coffee 2', 299.0));
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee('../images/cup_of_coffee.png', 'Espresso', 'Lattes', 249.0));
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Color.fromARGB(1, 237, 231, 230),
      child: Column(
        children: <Widget>[
          Column(
            children: <Widget>[
              Text(
                'Select',
                textAlign: TextAlign.left,
                style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, fontWeight: FontWeight.w100),
              ),
              Text(
                'Coffee',
                textAlign: TextAlign.left,
                style: TextStyle(fontSize: 19.0, fontWeight: FontWeight.w600),
              ),
            ],
          ),
          PageView.builder(
            itemCount: 10,
            itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) => _pageItem(coffeeList, index),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

Widget _pageItem(List<Coffee> coffeeList, int index) {
  return Container(
    color: Colors.white,
    width: 200,
    height: 200,
    child: Stack(
      children: <Widget>[
        Container(
          child: Image.asset(coffeeList[index].url),
        ),
        Column(
          children: <Widget>[
            Text(coffeeList[index].category,
                style: TextStyle(
                  fontSize: 12.0,
                  color: Color.fromARGB(1, 237, 231, 230),
                )),
            Text(coffeeList[index].title,
                style: TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 18.0,
                    color: Colors.black,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
          ],
        ),
        Center(
          child: Text(coffeeList[index].price.toString(),
            style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
        )
      ],
    ),
  );
}

PageController _pageViewController() {}

class Coffee {
  String url, category, title;
  double price;

  Coffee(this.url, this.category, this.title, this.price);
}

A: You can copy paste run full code below
You can use Expanded flex to provider height
Expanded(
            flex: 1,
            child: Column(
...
Expanded(
            flex: 4,
            child: PageView.builder(

working demo

full code
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'dart:io';

class HomeView extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _HomeViewState createState() => _HomeViewState();
}

class _HomeViewState extends State<HomeView> {
  List<Coffee> coffeeList = List<Coffee>();
  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee(
        'https://picsum.photos/250?image=9', 'Cappuccino', 'Coffee 1', 329.0));
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee('https://picsum.photos/250?image=10',
        'Caffè Americano', 'Coffee 2', 299.0));
    this.coffeeList.add(new Coffee(
        'https://picsum.photos/250?image=11', 'Espresso', 'Lattes', 249.0));
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Color.fromARGB(1, 237, 231, 230),
      child: Column(
        children: <Widget>[
          Expanded(
            flex: 1,
            child: Column(
              children: <Widget>[
                Text(
                  'Select',
                  textAlign: TextAlign.left,
                  style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, fontWeight: FontWeight.w100),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Coffee',
                  textAlign: TextAlign.left,
                  style: TextStyle(fontSize: 19.0, fontWeight: FontWeight.w600),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          Expanded(
            flex: 4,
            child: PageView.builder(
              itemCount: coffeeList.length,
              itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) =>
                  _pageItem(coffeeList, index),
            ),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

Widget _pageItem(List<Coffee> coffeeList, int index) {
  return Container(
    color: Colors.white,
    width: 200,
    height: 200,
    child: Stack(
      children: <Widget>[
        Container(
          child: Image.network(coffeeList[index].url),
        ),
        Column(
          children: <Widget>[
            Text(coffeeList[index].category,
                style: TextStyle(
                  fontSize: 12.0,
                  color: Color.fromARGB(1, 237, 231, 230),
                )),
            Text(coffeeList[index].title,
                style: TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 18.0,
                    color: Colors.black,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
          ],
        ),
        Center(
          child: Text(
            coffeeList[index].price.toString(),
            style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
          ),
        )
      ],
    ),
  );
}

PageController _pageViewController() {}

class Coffee {
  String url, category, title;
  double price;

  Coffee(this.url, this.category, this.title, this.price);
}

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
        visualDensity: VisualDensity.adaptivePlatformDensity,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(
        title: "test",
      ),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);

  final String title;

  @override
  _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: HomeView(),
    );
  }
}


text:
Astrophysics > Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
[Submitted on 22 Nov 2021]
Title:Longitudinally asymmetric stratospheric oscillation on a tidally locked exoplanet
Authors:Maureen Cohen, Massimo A. Bollasina, Paul I. Palmer, Denis E. Sergeev, Ian A. Boutle, Nathan J. Mayne, James Manners
Abstract: Using a three-dimensional general circulation model, we show that the atmospheric dynamics on a tidally locked Earth-like exoplanet, simulated with the planetary and orbital parameters of Proxima Centauri b, support a longitudinally asymmetric stratospheric wind oscillation (LASO), analogous to Earth's quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). In our simulations, the LASO has a vertical extent of 35--55 km, a period of 5--6.5 months, and a peak-to-peak wind speed amplitude of -70 to +130 m/s with a maximum at an altitude of 41 km. Unlike the QBO, the LASO displays longitudinal asymmetries related to the asymmetric thermal forcing of the planet and to interactions with the resulting stationary Rossby waves. The equatorial gravity wave sources driving the LASO are localised in the deep convection region at the substellar point and in a jet exit region near the western terminator, unlike the QBO, for which these sources are distributed uniformly around the planet. Longitudinally, the western terminator experiences the highest wind speeds and undergoes reversals earlier than other longitudes. The antistellar point only experiences a weak oscillation with a very brief, low-speed westward phase. The QBO on Earth is associated with fluctuations in the abundances of water vapour and trace gases such as ozone which are also likely to occur on exoplanets if these gases are present. Strong fluctuations in temperature and the abundances of atmospheric species at the terminators will need to be considered when interpreting atmospheric observations of tidally locked exoplanets.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
Cite as: arXiv:2111.11281 [astro-ph.EP]
(or arXiv:2111.11281v1 [astro-ph.EP] for this version)
Related DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac625d
From: Maureen Cohen [view email]
[v1] Mon, 22 Nov 2021 15:43:14 UTC (10,093 KB)
astro-ph.EP
physics.ao-ph


text:
Turkey, Israel close to finalizing reconciliation deal, negotiations on lifting Gaza blockade continue
by daily sabah
ISTANBUL Jun 01, 2016 - 12:00 am GMT+3
by daily sabah Jun 01, 2016 12:00 am
The reconciliation deal between Turkey and Israel is not yet finalized; however, the two sides have made significant progress on details to finalize the agreement, Turkish officials said Wednesday.
Turkish officials told Daily Sabah that Israel had met two of the three conditions Turkey has set for normalizing relations between the countries, which were partially frozen five years ago, but the two sides are yet to agree on the final condition: the ending of the blockade on Gaza.
The third condition, the most problematic for Israel, is still being negotiated. However, the official sources said that the agreement is expected to be finalized soon, as both Turkish and Israeli officials are very close to agreeing on the details to conclude the deal.
On Tuesday, Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Numan Kurtulmuş said that the third condition carries great importance for Turkey, signaling that any concession from the Turkish side is unlikely.
"There are unjust, inhumane restrictions on the Gaza Strip. The deal will not be finalized without the removal of Israel's blockade on Gaza or easing it to improve the living conditions of Gazans." Kurtulmuş said.
In March 2013, Israel met initial conditions when Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu spoke on the phone with then-Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and offered an apology for the death of Turkish nationals in the incident.
The two countries have also resolved the second problem, as Israel agreed to pay $20 million compensation to the families of the victims.
Relations between the two countries were seriously strained in 2010 when Israeli commandos stormed the Mavi Marmara in international waters, a humanitarian aid vessel attempting to breach the blockade of Gaza, in the process killing 10 Turkish activists.
Moves towards restoring Ankara and Tel Aviv's once-close relationship have been buoyed by the influence of Iran and Russia in Syria as well as other considerations, such as energy resources.
Last Update: Jun 02, 2016 9:31 am
World's fastest growing cities in last 2 decades


text:
Man killed in collision with garbage truck
Everett Turner dies at scene
Updated: 8:07 AM EDT Jun 7, 2012
A crash in southern Greenville County on Wednesday afternoon killed a Gray Court man.The wreck happened at about 3:30 p.m. on Highway 25 South, not far from the landfill.The Greenville County Coroner's Office said Everett Turner, 63, pulled out to Highway 25 from Taylor Road and was hit by a garbage truck heading north.Troopers said Turner was hit on the driver's side and was pronounced dead at the scene.Investigators said Turner was not wearing a seat belt.The driver of the dump truck was not hurt.
GREENVILLE COUNTY, S.C. —
A crash in southern Greenville County on Wednesday afternoon killed a Gray Court man.
The wreck happened at about 3:30 p.m. on Highway 25 South, not far from the landfill.
The Greenville County Coroner's Office said Everett Turner, 63, pulled out to Highway 25 from Taylor Road and was hit by a garbage truck heading north.
Troopers said Turner was hit on the driver's side and was pronounced dead at the scene.
Investigators said Turner was not wearing a seat belt.
The driver of the dump truck was not hurt.


Returning to designs abandoned in the 1970s, start-ups are developing a new kind of reactor that promises to be much safer and cleaner than current ones.
Troels Schönfeldt can trace his path to becoming a nuclear energy entrepreneur back to 2009, when he and other young physicists at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen started getting together for an occasional "beer and nuclear" meetup.
The beer was an India pale ale that they brewed themselves in an old, junk-filled lab space in the institute's basement. The "nuclear" part was usually a bull session about their options for fighting two of humanity's biggest problems: global poverty and climate change. "If you want poor countries to become richer," says Schönfeldt, "you need a cheap and abundant power source." But if you want to avoid spewing out enough extra carbon dioxide to fry the planet, you need to provide that power without using coal and gas.
It seemed clear to Schönfeldt and the others that the standard alternatives simply wouldn't be sufficient. Wind and solar power by themselves couldn't offer nearly enough energy, not with billions of poor people trying to join the global middle class. Yet conventional nuclear reactors - which could meet the need, in principle - were massively expensive, potentially dangerous and anathema to much of the public. And if anyone needed a reminder of why, the catastrophic meltdown at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi plant came along to provide it in March 2011.
On the other hand, says Schönfeldt, the worldwide nuclear engineering community was beginning to get fired up about unconventional reactor designs - technologies that had been sidelined 40 or 50 years before, but that might have a lot fewer problems than existing reactors. And the beer-and-nuclear group found that one such design, the molten salt reactor, had a simplicity, elegance and, well, weirdness that especially appealed.
Read TradeBriefs every day, to understand the future!
Five years ago, almost no one knew what agtech was. Inside the industry, we didn't even know what to call what we were doing. But fast forward to today, and agricultural technology - from vertical farming to data science to farm drones - is the new hot thing in investor circles. The Investment Corporation of Dubai alone just dropped $203 million into agtech investments; another $200 million came from the Japanese holding behemoth SoftBank; and dedicated VC funds are zeroing in on the sector's potential. In 2017, total investment was over $1.5 billion - a new record for the sector, and one that's setting the stage for explosive growth.
But unlike many of today's tech disruptions - from smartphones to social media - this one is less about consumer convenience or entertainment than about something far more pressing: our collective survival. The reality is that we have to quickly and efficiently bring farming from the industrial age into the digital one.
In this respect, booming investor interest in agtech should hardly come as a surprise. Market potential is nearly limitless precisely because our appetites are too. We all need to eat, and our population is rapidly growing.
Status as a Service: How Social Networks work!
I Started Letting My Children Get Bored. Then, Something Amazing Happened.


text:
R.I.P. Ikutaro Kakehashi
Peter Helman @_peterhelman | April 1, 2017 - 7:54 pm
Ikutaro Kakehashi, founder of the Japanese electronic instruments manufacturer Roland, has died at 87. The news was first announced on Facebook by longtime Roland demonstrator Tommy Snyder.
Kakehashi was born in Osaka in 1930. He began his career in the 1950s, repairing electronic organs and creating new prototypes while running an electrical appliance shop. In 1960, he launched his own organ company, Ace Tone, which eventually evolved into Hammond Organ Japan.
Kakehashi left Ace Tone and Hammond in 1972 to found the Roland Corporation, and under his leadership, the company created iconic synthesizers and drum machines like the TB-303, the TR-909, and of course the TR-808. Although it was initially seen as a commercial failure and discontinued in 1983 after only three years on the market, the 808 became a defining element in the sounds of hip-hop and dance music.
In the early '80s, Kakehashi worked with audio engineer and Sequential Circuits president Dave Smith to spearhead the develop of the MIDI standard, a protocol that allowed a wide variety of electronic instruments and devices to connect and communicate. Kakehashi and Smith received Technical Grammy Awards in 2013 for their roles in the development of MIDI.
Watch the trailer for 808, a 2015 documentary about the revolutionary drum machine narrated by Zane Lowe and featuring interviews with artists like Damon Albarn, Questlove, and Phil Collins, below.
Tags: Ikutaro Kakehashi


text:
(E-MAIL) sanghoun korea.ac.kr
Dept. of Linguistics, Korea University
My primary area of research interest includes computational linguistics, experimental syntax, and HPSG formalism.
I published a book about modeling information structure in human languages: Modeling information structure in a cross-linguistic perspective (Berlin: Language Science Press). I am a Standing Committee member of the international conference on HPSG (Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar).
Before Korea University, I worked as an assistant professor at Dept. of English Language and Literature, Incheon National University (from August 2015 to February 2019) and a research fellow at the Computational Linguistics Lab of NTU (from August. 2014 to August 2015).
I graduated from the University of Washington (Dept. of Linguistics) (Dec. 2013) (with Top Scholar Award and Graduate School Dissertation Fellowship) under the tutelage of Prof. Emily M. Bender. My PhD dissertation entitled "A Grammar Library for Information Structure" builds up an HPSG/MRS-based computational model for approaching information structure from a cross-linguistic perspective.
© 2009 Sanghoun Song


text:
Arts, Culture & Religion
A Look Back At Our Favorite KUER Stories Of 2020
KUER News
2020 was no doubt a tumultuous year, and our reporters covered beats and stories across the state in the face of unprecedented challenges. From racial justice to sexual assault, our coverage has been widespread. As the year comes to an end, we reflect back on our favorite pieces from 2020.
Grand Teton National Park Will Use Volunteer Culling To Remove Non-Native Goats
Maggie Mullen
Grand Teton National Park is asking for the public's help in addressing its non-native mountain goat problem. The park announced Thursday, August 6, it...
News Brief: Ski Parking, Wolves & The Logan Temple
Thursday morning, December 26, 2019Conservation Groups And Human RightsUtah Congressman Rob Bishop is requesting immediate hearings on his bill to outlaw…
Park Service Mission Undermined By Invasive Animals, Study Says
Noah Glick
Invasive animals are posing a major threat to national parks throughout the country, according to a new paper published in the journal Biological...
'Deer Are Like Rats Here': On A Treacherous Stretch Of Road, Drivers Welcome A Diversion
Kate Groetzinger
BLANDING — Every weekday morning, Derek Bethea drives from his home in Blanding to Monticello, where he works as a therapist at the San Juan County jail.…
So You've Heard Period Blood Attracts Bears, Here's Where That Myth Came From
It's known as the Night of the Grizzlies. Over fifty years ago, two women were killed by two different grizzly bears on the same night. The...
How The CSI Of The Mountain West Solves Wildlife Attack Cases
For a lot of people, when they hear about forensic science that's used to solve crime, they think of the CSI television franchise that's set in places...
Tensions Over A Federal Agency That Kills Wildlife
Ali Budner
You might not know it but there's a branch of the U.S. Department of Agriculture whose job includes killing wild animals – to the tune of millions each...
Could Colorado Bring Back Gray Wolves By Popular Demand?
The last place you might expect to find a wolf is inside a public library, a place that doesn't even allow pets in the door. But on an early summer day,...
Meet The Colorado Man Who Killed A Mountain Lion With His Bare Hands
Luke Runyon
On an unseasonably warm February day, Travis Kauffman headed out around noon for a run in the foothills outside Fort Collins, wearing shorts and a...
No More Shooting Crows. Nampa, Idaho Gets Creative To Solve Bird Problem
Amanda Peacher
Imagine a swarm of big, black birds flying overhead at dusk. No, it's not a scene from a Hitchcock film. This is Nampa, Idaho — a small community that's...
Yellowstone May Lose Many Of Its Forests By Mid-Century, Study Says
Nate Hegyi
Yellowstone National Park may lose many of its forests by mid-century due to severe wildfires and climate change, according to a new study published in…


text:
The Legal Brain: How Does the Brain Make Judgments about Crimes?
In our legal system, judges and juries have to assign responsibility for crimes and decide on appropriate punishments. A new imaging study reveals which area of the brain plays a key role in these cognitive processes.
By Johannes Haushofer, Ernst Fehr on January 27, 2009
Imagine you are serving on a jury: the defendant is charged with murder, but he also suffers from a brain tumor that causes erratic behavior. Is he to be held responsible for the crime? Now imagine you are the judge: What should the defendant's sentence be? Does the tumor count as a mitigating circumstance?
The assignment of responsibility and the choice of an appropriate punishment lie at the heart of our justice system. At the same time, these are cognitive processes like many others—reasoning, remembering, decision-making—and as such must originate in the brain. These two facts lead to the intriguing question: How does the brain enable judges, juries, and you and me to perform these tasks? What are the neural mechanisms that let you decide whether someone is guilty or innocent?
A recent study published in the December 2008 issue of the journal Neuron, by Joshua Buckholtz and his colleagues at Vanderbilt University tackles exactly this question. Until recently, such topics would have been out of the reach of cognitive neuroscience for lack of methods; today, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows researchers to watch the brain "in action" as normal human participants make decisions about responsibility and punishment. In the new study, Buckholtz and colleagues asked participants to read vignettes describing hypothetical crimes that a fictitious agent, "John," commits against another person. The stories were divided into three conditions: in the first, the "responsibility" (R) condition, the perpetrator was fully responsible for the negative consequences of his action against the victim; for instance, John might have intentionally pushed his fiancée's lover off a cliff. In the "diminished responsibility" (DR) condition, mitigating circumstances were present that reduced John's responsibility; imagine that John committed the same crime, but suffered from a brain tumor.
And finally, the "no crime" (NC) condition consisted of stories that did not describe crimes. The participants had to make judgments regarding the degree of punishment that John should receive, on a scale from one to nine.
The authors then analyzed the brain activation linked to these judgments. To identify neural correlates of responsibility, they contrasted activation in the R and DR conditions. Note that the stories in two conditions are identical, except for the degree to which John is responsible for his crime. This contrast thus aims to identify which regions of the brain are involved in assigning responsibility for a crime, holding constant the crime itself. Buckholtz and colleagues found a peak of activation in the right doroslateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC), a brain region on the top surface of the right frontal lobe that is known to be involved in high-level cognitive processes such as reasoning and decision-making. In addition, this same region was more active when subjects thought a diminished-responsibility crime deserved punishment compared with when it did not.
Thus, these findings suggest that rDLPFC might be involved in assigning responsibility for crimes, or making judgments about appropriate punishments. Based on this finding, one might have expected that activation in rDLPFC should be higher when participants decide that very severe punishments are appropriate. Buckholtz and colleagues found no correlation between neural activation and punishment magnitude in rDLPFC, however, suggesting that this brain region does not directly underlie the decision on the amount of punishment. In contrast, there was some evidence that activation in emotion-related areas, such as the amygdala, correlates with the degree of punishment subjects assign to John: higher punishment scores were associated with higher activation in these regions during the decision period.
Reconciling the Findings
Have we found, then, the brain center for jurisprudence? Probably not: the brain regions identified in this new study, in particular right DLPFC, have previously been highlighted in a number of other studies addressing related but slightly different questions. Unifying patterns do exist, however. We therefore first describe some related studies, and then outline a possible reconciliation between the different findings.
What does rDLPFC do when it isn't busy assigning responsibility for crimes? One answer comes from a study by Alan Sanfey and colleagues in 2003: these authors found activation in rDLPFC when subjects decided whether to accept or reject a low offer in a two-person economic game called Ultimatum Game. In addition, Daria Knoch and her colleagues in 2006 found that when rDLPFC was deactivated with a technique called repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), participants became less able to reject low offers in this game, although they still judged these offers as very unfair. A different line of work by Joshua Greene and colleagues in 2004 suggests that rDLPFC may be involved in moral reasoning. They presented participants with moral dilemmas such as the decision whether or not to kill one's own crying child to keep it raising the attention of enemy soldiers and thereby endangering the whole group. The rDLPFC region was activated when subjects acted in the interest of greater overall welfare, against their emotional impulses. Finally, rDLPFC was also highlighted by another study involving social decision-making by Manfred Spitzer and colleagues in 2007: these authors asked participants how much of their wealth they wanted to share with another player. This amount wasn't very much, usually—unless participants were threatened with punishment. Under the punishment threat, participants transferred more money, and rDLPFC was more active. Moreover, the more subjects changed their behavior under the punishment threat relative to the situation without a threat, the more rDLPFC was activated, suggesting that rDLPFC played a key role in adapting behavior when facing the sanctioning threat.
How does the new study fit together with the previous ones, and to what extent is a unifying interpretation of the role of rDLPFC across all these studies possible? The findings described above are all consistent with a role for rDLPFC in inhibiting what psychologists call "prepotent responses," such as knee-jerk reactions. Rejecting a low Ultimatum Game offer means losing money and thus requires overriding the impulse to accept the money. Making utilitarian rather than emotion-driven moral decisions, and resisting the impulse to make low transfers to one's partner require the suppression of the impulses to save one's baby, in the one case, and to keep the money, in the other. The activation of rDLPFC in these studies is consistent with the view that rDLPFC is involved in overriding such responses. In addition, the TMS study mentioned above even suggests a key causal role of rDLPFC for overriding prepotent impulses because when rTMS inhibits the recruitment of rDLPFC, subjects are less able to resist the temptation to accept positive, yet unfair, money offers.
Is the new study by Buckholtz and colleagues consistent with this view of the role of rDLPFC? The crucial new element of this study is the fact that participants were instructed to determine "appropriate" judgments of punishment from a third-person perspective. Thus, participants acted like criminal judges; the fact that their punishment decisions correlated strongly with the prison sentences they deemed appropriate for the crimes in question attests to the fact that they saw themselves in this role. Inasmuch as judges are expected to act impartially and objectively, this task, too, requires the suppression of prepotent responses to the crimes described, to produce "just" and impartial punishments. Reading stories about severe crimes may well cause arousing emotional responses that may be associated with a strong desire to punish. Indeed, Buckholtz and colleagues report that activation in the amygdala correlates with punishment judgments, consistent with the role of this brain region in the representation of arousing emotional events. However, the demands of impartiality often require overriding these impulses to produce a reasonable judgment. The higher activation of rDLPFC in the condition where John is responsible for his crime, and when participants decide if and how much to punish him, is therefore consistent with a role for rDLPFC in the suppression of prepotent emotional reactions.
Although it is unlikely that rDLPFC will enter the textbooks as the seat of the law in the brain, this intriguing new study by Buckholtz underscores the role of this region in high-level cognitive processes in general, and judgment and decision-making in particular. More specifically, it illustrates that third-person judgment situations, such as those used in their study, may rely on similar neural mechanisms as two-person economic and social exchanges, and highlights rDLPFC as a candidate for the neural suppression of impulsive reactions in these situations. So, should you punish John for the murder, despite his brain tumor? Of course! says your gut. Not so fast, says your rDLPFC.
Are you a scientist? Have you recently read a peer-reviewed paper that you want to write about? Then contact Mind Matters editor Jonah Lehrer, the science writer behind the blog The Frontal Cortex and the book Proust Was a Neuroscientist. His next book, How We Decide, will be available in February 2009.
Johannes Haushofer and Ernst Fehr are neuroscientists at the Institute for Empirical Research in Economics at the University of Zurich


carcasses right below the house.
Something very disturbing goes on at that old place and if you're in for a spook look no further.
We used to live in the old Perman house in Austinville. I wasn't even in school yet and can remember everything that happened there. If anyone knows anything about it please let me know and if the house is still there.


Intuit, maker of the leading tax-preparation software, TurboTax, aired an advertisement during the Super Bowl that made no reference to the firm's recent tussle with enraged customers of its packaged and downloaded software.
Instead, the company stressed that tax prep and filing could be free for both federal and state taxes. The ad depicts a reenactment of the Boston Tea Party, but with a twist. As angry American patriots swarm a British ship and toss boxes of tea into the harbor, the British redcoats stop them in their tracks by offering free tax filing.