Foot Ankle Spec. 2016 Feb;9(1):69-78. doi: 10.1177/1938640015576788. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Symptomatic Bipartite Medial Cuneiform: Report of Five Cases and Review of the Literature.
Steen EF1, Brancheau SP2, Nguyen T2, Jones MD2, Schade VL2.
Hunt Regional Medical Center, Greenville, Texas (SPB)Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare, Palo Alto, California (TN)Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington (MDJ, VLS) efsteen@gmail.com.
Hunt Regional Medical Center, Greenville, Texas (SPB)Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare, Palo Alto, California (TN)Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington (MDJ, VLS).
Bipartition of the medial cuneiform is a well-described but rarely seen anatomic variant. The majority of literature focuses on anatomic description and incidents based on studies of archeological collections. Symptomatic cases can be overlooked or misdiagnosed initially given the vague complaint of pain either chronic in nature or following an acute injury that could result in a myriad of foot conditions. Treatment ranges from orthotics, immobilization, injection therapy, and surgery. Presented here is a series of 5 cases treated successfully with conservative and surgical measures.


"Don't even think about playing with my body. te got that!" she slapped her face again.
"Owww!" Wally put both hands on his his old body's chest "Okay! I won't play with it! Geez!" Artemis stopped slapping herself. "I guess if I slap your body, te feel it, not me." Artemis told Wally.
"Wow. We're twins in a non appearance way!" Wally said. "So I'm supposed to act like a girl all giorno when we get back to Mount Justice?" Artemis punched herself. Wally rubbed his arm. "Hey!"
"Of course not te idiot!" Artemis replied. "We tell them! I don't want to act like a complete idiot all day!" Wally pointed a finger at her. "I'm not a complete idiot!" Wally slapped himself. "Oww!" replied Artemis. She slapped herself. for the successivo 5 minuti they slapped and slapped and slapped each other.
"Okay STOP!" Artemis demanded Wally. He stopped then gave himself a little slap to settle things. "I just noticed that we are in Green Arrow's street" Artemis pointed to a sign that read ' Green strada, via ' Wally looked around. "His house should be a few meters away!" The two teenagers in their new bodies ran west to their mentor's house.
"Hello? Green Arrow? te in here?" The two teenagers stepped inside the house. Green Arrow was holding his phone repeatedly dialing numbers. He looked at the teenagers.
"Oh ciao Conner and Megan." He sighed. I've been trying to call Artemis and Wally all afternoon!" The sidekicks looked at each other. "Conner and Megan?" Wally asked. Green Arrow stood up. "Oh please don't tell me te Lost your memory too!"
"How did te end up like this?"


text:
WHO faces complex vaccine and security questions in Ebola response in Congo | CBC News Loaded
WHO faces complex vaccine and security questions in Ebola response in Congo
Depending on the strain of the virus causing Congo's current outbreak, the Merck vaccine used to stem the country's previous one may not be effective.
New outbreak comes days after another one declared over
Thomson Reuters · Posted: Aug 02, 2018 4:47 PM EDT | Last Updated: August 2, 2018
A World Health Organization worker administers a vaccination during the previous Ebola outbreak in Congo in May. Officials will not know whether the vaccine will work in the current outbreak until they confirm what strain of Ebola they're dealing with. (Kenny Katombe/Reuters)
An Ebola outbreak in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo is likely spread over tens of kilometres and poses a high regional risk given its proximity to borders, a World Health Organization (WHO) official said on Thursday.
Four people have tested positive for Ebola in and around Mangina, a town of about 60,000 people in North Kivu province, 100 kilometres from the Ugandan border, the health ministry said.
Another 20 people died from unidentified hemorrhagic fevers in the area, mostly in the second half of July.
News of the outbreak emerged just days after a previous outbreak on the other side of the Central African country that killed 33 people was declared over.
'We will fight this one as we did the last': Congo announces new Ebola outbreak
It will be complicated and perhaps impossible to use a vaccine to tackle the new Ebola outbreak, WHO's emergency response chief said on Thursday.
Almost 20 WHO officials were already on their way to the epicentre, Peter Salama told Reuters at WHO's headquarters in Geneva.
Officials have not yet confirmed which type of Ebola is causing the outbreak. That information, expected within days, is crucial for the vaccine strategy.
Experimental ebola vaccine gives hope, doubts in Congo as the globe waits to see if it works
It could be the Zaire, Sudan or Bundibugyo strain of Ebola, Salama said, although the high death rate pointed toward Zaire, the same kind of Ebola that caused Congo's last outbreak, which was declared over just last week.
That effort relied heavily on a vaccine by Merck, which was given to contacts of Ebola patients, and contacts of contacts, to ring-fence the disease and stop it spreading.
"If this [outbreak] turns out to be Ebola Zaire, then certainly that would bring that option into play," Salama said. "If it doesn't we are going to have to look at much more complex options, and we may not have any vaccine options."
Merck's vaccine is only effective against the Zaire strain, and is the only vaccine that has gone through Phase 3 efficacy trials, a spokesman for the GAVI global vaccine alliance said.
Another vaccine is being developed by Johnson & Johnson to protect against multiple related diseases, including
the Sudan strain.
"However it has not been through Phase 3 and it would have to be deployed as part of a clinical trial," the GAVI spokesman said. "While it is promising, we do not yet have reliable data on its efficacy."
A World Health Organization staffer holds a used vial of Ebola vaccine in Congo in May. For the first time since the Ebola virus was identified, a vaccine was dispatched to front line health workers. However, it is not effective with every strain of the virus. (Sam Mednick/Associated Press)
Ring-vaccination depends on tracing all potential Ebola sufferers, which might be impossible in northeast Congo, where Salama said there were over 100 armed groups. Instead, WHO might consider "a more homogenous geographical strategy," he said.
Security concerns will be assessed on a day-to-day-basis and may oblige WHO to hold staff back in the cities of Goma and Kinshasa until their safety can be assured, he said.
Armoured personnel carriers and support from United Nations peacekeepers may be needed, making it very difficult to deploy the kind of far-reaching contact tracing used in the previous outbreak.
WHO dealt with an outbreak in the same area around a decade ago, "where we had to negotiate with many armed factions," Salama said.
"So there is experience in the organization. That's not to say this is going to be simple."
Doctors find 1st likely case of woman spreading Ebola one year after infection
Congo counts down to declaring end to Ebola outbreak

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Two recent assessments of aid donors used radically different approaches – a top down technical assessment of aid quality, and a bottom up survey of aid recipients. The differences between their findings are interesting.
The Center for Global Development has just released a new donor index of Quality of Official Development Assistance (QuODA), with a nice blog summary by Ian Mitchell and Caitlin McKee.
QuODA's 24 aid effectiveness indicators were then averaged to give scores to the 27 bilateral country donors and 13 multilateral agencies.
Big is (on average) better – there's some kind of line of best fit that suggests aid quality is higher for governments that commit a higher % of their national income. But there are outliers – New Zealand is small but beautiful; Norway is big and ugly.
But there's another, completely different, approach – ask people on the receiving end what they think of the donors. AidData have been doing this for years, so I took a look at their most recent 'Listening to Leaders' report.
The report is based on a 2017 survey of 3,500 leaders (government, private sector and civil society) working in 22 different areas of development policy in recipient countries.
'Using responses to AidData's 2017 Listening to Leaders Survey, we construct two perception-based measures of development partner performance: (1) their agenda-setting influence in 64 shaping how leaders prioritize which problems to solve; and (2) their helpfulness in implementing policy changes (i.e., reforms) in practice. Respondents identified which donors they worked with from a list of 43 multilateral development banks and bilateral aid agencies. They then rated the influence and helpfulness of the institutions they had worked with on a scale of 1 (not at all influential / not at all helpful) to 4 (very influential / very helpful). In this analysis, we only include a development partner if they were rated by at least 30 respondents.' Sadly New Zealand (top on QuODA) didn't make the cut in the AidData analysis.
On this exercise, the multilateral organizations clean up, with the US the top-rated bilateral donor at number 8 on helpfulness (the much criticised European Union comes in at number 5).
– Multilaterals tend to be less…discerning with how they spend their money, making them more 'helpful' than bilateral donors (so long as the govt signals their support for whatever reforms the multilateral in question is interested in – see below).
– Multilaterals have a greater ability to punish those who refuse to be 'influenced', which makes them more influential in 'shaping how leaders prioritize which problems to solve'. Ever been on the end of a negative Article IV consultation?
"Norway is big and ugly" That phrase makes this page unique on the internet!
Hi Duncan, great blog. Fascinating that the much maligned multilaterals turn up at the top of both of these rankings. I think it is relevant to highlight that research (e.g. looking at the drivers of aid allocations) suggests that multilateral aid is less driven by the narrow political agendas of donors. This imay be partly because in operating at greater arms length from donor politics they can take a bit more risk and deliver more closely in line with aid effectiveness principles. A good example of this is the EC, who still do lots of budget support, almost as if EU member states have outsourced such operations to them.
My vote goes to AidData. This is qualitative research that matters. And we shooudl take note as donors that perhaps we could do more supporting the UN for passing the messages on human rights and governance, health, education.
They could be stronger in squaring the findings with data. I should dig into their methodology more, it seems to me it is really not reasonable to put different kinds of donors in the same bag. It even looks like concerning influence per dollar, it might be that small donors end up actually getting more bang for their buck. I wonder whether it would be different if loans and grants would be regarded differently.
I like also how their document oozes prudence. They spell out the caveats.
The Quality of Aid document is very quick in jumping to conclusions. The title claims to measure Aid Quality, but different indicators are proxy indicators at best. Goodhart's law in action. Really, the size of a project is a measure of its efficiency? In our office, small projects are now relegated to the fringe, as they are not efficient. Governance is now a nono for a few years, as the budgets are too low. Could there be a link with the shrinking space? … Dumping money in poor countries is a focus on the poor?
As bad indicators drive out good indicators, donors can get their marks higher faster with gaming badly conceived indicators than complying with the good ones. It seems to me the QUODA data should be triangulated with qualitative information before letting it loose on the public. Moreover, the basis is the OECD indicators, which would lead not to expect indicators that make it difficult for bureaucracies.
Is there a rating for how donors support and practice adaptive management? That might say a lot about the quality of aid.
That Leaders like the multilaterals might have something to do with political economy: they do indeed tend to support policies and reforms. But the ones of the technical kind, not necessarily the more difficult and political ones.


TEHRAN, Jun. 26 (MNA) – Representative of Ayatollah Issa Qassim to Iran has said any drastic measure by the ruling Al-Khalifa house would erode chances of peaceful arrangement to restore the status quo ante to the tiny island in the Persian Gulf.
Sheikh Abdullah Daqqaq told Mehr News International Service during an interview with Mohammad Fatemizadeh on Saturday that Al-Khalifa ruling house had illegitimately put under house arrest and denaturalized Ayatollah Issa Qassim which only garnered to the regime in Manama the ignominy and condemnation even by observers in some of the most ignorant allies of the island. "No less important reaction was that by Bahraini Shia communities who have supported the Revolution and acted as ranks and files of the peaceful demonstrations demanding their civil and citizenship rights," he told Mehr News International; "Ayatollah Qassim's followers and entourage came to protect him by crowding before his house which also included breaking their Ramadan fast in the evening; not however absent are influential clerics who have joined the bandwagon of Ayatollah's followers; thus, the regime in Manama faces not a small-scale and temporary skirmish, but a broader community of Shias demanding returning back nationality to the influential Shia religious leader," he emphasized.
"We predict the ceremony for the night of Ramadan 21 will be only next to demonstrations (in scope) crushed by the exemplary cruelty of Al-Khalifa mercenaries from Saudi Arabia in Pearl (Lulu) Square in Manama in 2011; the demolishing of the square however achieved nothing to placate the demonstrators; mass arrest, summary trials, and sending to exile of influential leaders also proved failing," Sheikh Daqqaq told Mehr News.
"With Sheikh Ali Salman's case, regime in Manama waged an aborted effort to defame him, but I would say Bahraini rulers had underestimated the depth of emotional attachment and sympathy between general public and Sheikh Salman. I believe the tale of the Revolution will only be told by Ayatollah Qassim and as long as he is in the leading seat, the Revolution will go on totally peacefully," he asserted.
Sheikh Daqqaq also predicted a change in course of events should Al-Khalifa ruling party commit unreasonable enough a blunder with Ayatollah Qassem's case; "we gravely warn the regime on that drastic measure which would be point of no return for people of Bahrain in their efforts to advance the Revolution; a second wave has started which is probable to sweep the regime's castles built in sands before Qassim's house which we predict would be a history revisited," said the envoy.
On a question of an even graver warning by Maj. Gen. Qassem Soleimani of IRGC Quds Force about revoking Ayatollah Qassem's nationality, Sheikh Daqqaq believed that the statement and warning was quite timely and signaled to Al-Khalifa that they had been crossing the Rubicon by such escapades; we believe negotiations with the sheikh and restoring his nationality would bring the situation back to normal; otherwise, their hamartia will mount even to their overthrow by public rage," he concluded the interview.


Little Alessia was a dream to photograph! All she did was sleep – I didn't hear a peep from her all day!
This particular session was done in the comfort of their home. They loved this as they didn't want to leave their home with their brand new baby.
After all my photo sessions, I like to show the family their photos straight away. During this process they choose the photographs that they'd like to have and pick out their products to suite their images and their home.
to enquire about your custom newborn shoot. Newborn baby photography Sutherland.
Alessia's mum and dad chose a beautiful Album to showcase their favourite images. There's 20 images in this album and it's been carefully and personally designed to suite their photographs.
Along with the album they also received a USB containing all 20 images that they chose for the album. These images are high-resolution so they can print and share their photos with friends and family.


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Jan. 16, 2019 8:00 a.m.
The Rossland mountain range offers many incredible hikes, views and cabins.
But to access it safely, responsibly and get the full enjoyment, a snow host might be the best introduction to this part of the West Kootenay.
With that in mind, the Friends of the Rossland Range Society (FORR) is reminding people that they are offering snow hosts to give guided tours through the area.
The Rossland Range Recreation Site is a free public use area in the high mountains and rolling hills. The parking area is about 19km north of Rossland on Highway 3, or 8km south of the intersection of Highways 3 and 3B.
From there adventurers can explore trails leading to beautiful vistas and several day-use cabins.
Rob Richardson, the FORR snow host program coordinator, said it's a perfect way to learn about the site's offerings.
"We have a snow host program done by volunteers. And we take people out for basically an orientation of the rec site either on snowshoe or cross-country skis.
He has nine snow hosts ready and willing to cross-country ski or snowshoe and offer tours.
Tours are available almost anytime. Richardson said some snow hosts are still working and only available on weekends.


text:
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<title>previousElementSibling</title>

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unknown.

fnord

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Last weekend in London, Alexander Gustafsson proved to the world that he's the rightful title challenger in the UFC's light-heavyweight division.
It took the Swede just minutes into the second round for him to find his range and dismantle a battered and previously unbeaten, Jimi Manuwa.
Hey guys just a quick thought……I would have done the same thing to Jimi Manuwa. No disrespect to Jimi just the absolute truth.
Gus is rightfully next, but lets keep things in perspective. He's #1 ranked guy for a reason. This shouldn't have suprised anyone.
Why not give the winner of Alexander and DC the winner of myself and Glover??
I see DC congratulating Alexander and making comments about waiting his turn now.. I wonder if they're afraid to fight each other?
"I want my title shot. Whenever you want!"
This dude @AlexTheMauler has a wide array of weapons in his arsenal. Add in size, high fight IQ & a chin from hell & u have a Swedish beast!


.999 Pure silver coin, 2 oz, part of the "Crystal Art" series, Antique Finish, with an authentic crystal set in the coin! Depicts Harry Potter's school of magic, Hogwarts. The excellent decoration makes it a work of art that is not to be missed, and the minute details make it unique. Limited edition of only 688 pieces worldwide.
Heel fijne snelle afhandeling. Keurig verpakt. Top!


The Utes are a solid football team and are naturally favored by odds makers at home against the smaller Utah State. Still, I think there is good value in backing the Aggies in this spot as a live dog.
Right now College Football Odds makers have the Aggies at +12 to +12.5 across the board. Most of the action I have seen is taking the home favorite Utes at -12. There are some good odds in backing the Aggies in this spot at that number of +12 like at Pinnacle -106.
Versus Michigan Utah scored 24 points, had 337 total yards, 4.7 yards per play, and a poor third-down conversion rate of 23.08%. With starting quarterback Travis Wilson back for his senior season they looked primed have another solid year. They also have some returners at the skill positions but have some new faces on the offensive line. Last week they did a pretty decent job gaining 129 yards on the ground, but only 3.5 yards per rush. Versus Michigan they were content to stay with the run by running the ball more than 50% of the time. Although the Aggies are the smaller school that offensive line might have some trouble establishing the run against a good Utah State defense.
Defensively Utah allowed 17 points versus Michigan, 355 yards, 4.9 yards per play, and a third-down conversion rate of 37.50%. For playing at home they had decent but not great numbers against Michigan. They did do a nice job though allowing only 76 yard rushing from the Wolverines, with only 2.6 yards per run. This is going to be an interesting matchup for them today against the Aggies who will rely a lot on returning from injury QB Chuckie Keeton.
Last week versus Southern Utah the Aggies only gained 250 total yards, 15 first downs, 140 rushing yards, and 110 passing yards from returning starter Keeton. These are some really poor numbers against not a good team in the Thunderbirds. With some solid returners at the skill positions, but with some question marks on the offensive line is going to be interesting to see how they perform against a solid Utah defense. I am willing to give the Aggies though, who have a solid program going for the last few years, a mulligan in regards to that game and believe it will be much more focused in facing their in-state rival.
Defensively Utah State last week allowed only 163 total yards, nine first downs, 52 rushing yards, and 111 passing yards. Those are some good numbers even against the subpar team that they faced. Of course they will have a much bigger challenge against Utah but this a very good defense that ranked 31st overall in the nation in yards per game in 2014. The defensive line does have some question marks but there are plenty back in the secondary and everyone back at the linebacker position.
Utah State has won 30 games in the last three seasons and that was some through some serious adversity, especially injuries. This a very well coached team and I like their new offensive coordinator Josh Heupel coming over from Oklahoma even though they did not produce last week. This team should come in very focused to face a good Utah team, and for one of my College Football Picks this is just too many points to give them. Look for the Utah Utes to win by around a touchdown but don't be shocked if the Aggies pull off the upset.


text:
Q: How do I update a file's modification time? I'm trying to update the file modification metadata of a file. I can access the Metadata:
use std::fs;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let metadata = fs::metadata("foo.txt")?;

    if let Ok(time) = metadata.modified() {
        println!("{:?}", time);
    } else {
        println!("Not supported on this platform");
    }
    Ok(())
}

I don't know how to alter that value though. My instinct was to open existing files in append mode and write an empty string — didn't work.
What would a general approach for this look like?

A: The set_file_mtime function from the filetime crate can update the file modification time metadata:
use filetime::{set_file_mtime, FileTime};

fn main() {
    set_file_mtime("foo.txt", FileTime::now()).unwrap();
}

A: You will need a external crate: filetime

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You can't control many things in this world we live in. What you can control is how safe you stay at work. And when your feet stay in these Tingley 82330 Men's Orange 11-Inch Steel Toe Puncture-Resistant EH High-Visibility HazProof Safety Boots, they're going to be ... (see full details) (see specifications) #TNG82330.
You can't control many things in this world we live in. What you can control is how safe you stay at work. And when your feet stay in these Tingley 82330 Men's Orange 11-Inch Steel Toe Puncture-Resistant EH High-Visibility HazProof Safety Boots, they're going to be pretty darned safe.
We're perfectly ready to back up this strong language, starting with the bright orange color of these Tingley boots. Notice how easy to see these hi-vis boots are and how they grab the eye. That's called high-visibility and that keeps you safer. That bold orange is a special polymer material that meets NFPA 1991 standards for chemical permeation.
These HazProof boots have been tested to meet military 282 standards of chemical protection. That means you can literally withstand certain chemical warfare agents and even nerve toxins. The upper material of these steel toe boots even meets ASTM F-1790 cut-resistant standards. Yeah. These men's boots are the real deal, all right, and we're just getting started.
These orange boots are certified for emergency response, domestic preparedness, and chemical and hazmat cleanup standards. You could literally walk into a ground zero in this work footwear. The design is injection-molded, seamless construction that gives you 100% liquid-proof protection. That goes for big dangers like chemical weapons, and smaller ones like simple rain.
Designed with a large foot area, these safety toe boots are made to provide extra room for hazmat suits and other protective gear. The smooth surface is easy to clean, too. The stretch fastener closure system keeps the design flexible and easy to wear. This work footwear come off and go on easily, even when you're wearing gloves.
Closed-cell, blown EVA foam creates soft, cushioning midsoles. This extra layer of these Tingley boots comforts your feet and absorbs impact to prevent foot pain. After all, you have enough to worry about already. To take one more worry away, there's a steel midsole as well. It exceeds ASTM F-2413 puncture-resistance standards. Steel shanks add arch support to prevent muscle strain. The ladder shanks meet NFPA 1991 bending resistance requirements.
Steel toes protect your feet against harmful impact and compression, so you're even safer around falling objects when you wear these puncture-resistant boots. The steel toes meet ASTM F-2413 M/I/75/C/75 safety standards. These work boots are also flame-resistant, and meet ASTM F-1358 standards.
The sole and heel are puncture-resistant and meet ASTM F-2413 puncture-resistant standards. Those soles are abrasion- and slip-resistant to ASTM D 1630 and ASTM F 489 standards, respectively. The Sure Grip outsole of these slip-resistant boots is cleated to give feet better traction. The soles, made with tough polymer like the uppers, also meet electrical hazard resistance requirements ASTM F-2413. However, the EH protection will deteriorate in wet environments where you put excessive wear on your work boots.
These Tingley 82330 Men's Orange 11-Inch Steel Toe Puncture-Resistant EH High-Visibility HazProof Safety EH Boots pretty much do everything they can to protect your feet. Pretty darned safe, right?
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Healthcare professionals learn to recognize several life-threatening emergencies, provide CPR to victims of all ages, use an AED, and relieve choking in a safe, timely and effective manner.
This course uses a variety of eLearning assets such as dramatizations, eSimulators, animations, self-directed learning, and interactive activities to teach students BLS knowledge and skills.
After completing the online course, students will be scheduled to practice and test their skills with one of our instructors and upon successful completion of the skills test students receive a course completion card.
The BLS instructor-led course teaches both single rescuer and team basic life support skills for application in both pre-hospital and in-facility environments, with a focus on high quality CPR and team dynamics.
* The American Heart Association requires you to have a current copy of the student manual for these courses. If you already own one or have access to one before, during, and after the class, you do not need to purchase one. Student manuals may be picked up by appointment. Books that are not picked up in advance will be delivered in class.
Heartsaver® CPR AED teaches adult and child CPR and AED use, infant CPR, and how to relieve choking in adults, children, and infants. Courses are for anyone with limited or no medical training who needs a course completion card for job, regulatory or other requirements. This course is also designed to meet OSHA requirements.
Participants receive a course completion card that is valid for two years.
Heartsaver® First Aid teaches students critical skills to respond to and manage an emergency in the first few minutes until emergency medical services arrives. Students learn duties and responsibilities of first aid rescuers; first aid actions for medical emergencies, including severe choking, heart attack, and stroke; and skills for handling injury and environmental emergencies, including external bleeding, broken bones and sprains, and bites and stings.
This course is designed to meet the regulatory requirements for child care workers in all 50 U.S. states. It teaches child care providers and others to respond to illnesses and injuries in a child or infant in the first few minutes until professional help arrives.
Heartsaver Bloodborne Pathogens teaches employees how to protect themselves and others from being exposed to blood or blood-containing materials.
Traditional Classroom and online eLearning courses are available for all Heartsaver® courses.
Contact us for individual and group pricing options!
Hands Only CPR is CPR without mouth-to-mouth breaths. If you see a teen or adult suddenly collapse, call 911 and push hard and fast in the center of the chest to the beat of any tune that is 100 to 120 beats per minute. Immediate CPR can double or even triple a person's chance of survival.
Contact us for individual and group course options for any BLS, Heartsaver® or Family & Friends® program!
The American Heart Association strongly promotes knowledge and proficiency in BLS, ACLS and PALS, and has developed instructional materials for this purpose. Use of these materials in an educational course does not represent course sponsorship by the American Heart Association, and any fees charged for such a course do not represent income to the Association.
Lost your AHA completion card? Need another copy for your employer?
Click here to view and download another copy!
Copyright © 2017 Stamford EMS. All Rights Reserved. Stamford EMS is a non-profit 501(3) organization.


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text:
IS ZUMIEZ GOOD FOR THE SKATE INDUSTRY?
April 24, 2019 / Larry Lanza / ARTICLES
When we talk about the business of skateboarding, there's a huge orange elephant in the room. It's Zumiez, and with 698 locations spread across all 50 states and three continents, they're one of the world's biggest retailers (if not the biggest) of both skate soft and hard goods. Last year alone Zumiez sold $927 million worth of merchandise. With that kind of financial success, Zumiez undoubtably affects the way the skate industry works.
In the past decade or so, Zumiez has become somewhat of a venture capitalist in the skate world. They do this by investing in brands (small and large) by buying and selling lots of their products, and aiming to turn higher profits as the awareness and profiles of those brands rise.
But how does that involvement impact the skateboarding ecosystem? Are they fucking things up or making things better? Should you defecate on the floor of your local Zumiez? Before we can answer these questions, it helps to take a look at Zumiez's origins and understand how they became the giant skate retail chain they are today.
Zumiez opened in 1978 under a different name, Above the Belt. The two founders, Gary Haakenson and Thomas D. Campion, left their management positions at J.C.Penny to open their own store in Seattle, focusing on young men's and women's clothing and having nothing to do with skateboarding.
In the late '80s and early '90s, Above the Belt narrowed its market to chase what was popular. "It started with trends. All the hottest brands in the late '80s had surf and skate roots," said Stuart Martin, VP of marketing for Zumiez. That change would prove to be a financial win for Haakenson and Campion, but also unavoidable competition for skate shops.
Sometime in the '90s, the company was sued by a women's clothing store by the same name, so they had to rebrand. At the time Campion was reading a book about the Zuni tribe and wanted the new name to begin and end with a 'Z.' He asked people to try variations on "zoomiez" and someone came back with Zümiez. Campion dropped the umlaut and Zumiez was born.
Around the millennium, Zumiez launched an online store that helped them increase revenue, and as mainstream awareness of skateboarding increased through things like the X Games and Tony Hawk's Pro Skater, they opened a bunch more stores. In 2002, the private equity firm Brentwood Associates bought 41% of Zumiez for $25.3 million, and three years later the owners made Zumiez a publicly traded company and raised $29.7 million in the initial public offering.
Today, Zumiez is one of a few publicly traded skate-related companies (Vans and Globe are among the others), and Zumiez 100k has essentially taken over Agenda as the number one skate industry social event of the year in America.
zumiez logos over time
Although Zumiez wasn't created inside the skate industry, it's very much a part of it. And as such it affects not only the business side — skate shoe brands, hard goods brands, skate shops — but consumers, communities, and skateboarding culture in general. Depending on who and where you are within the industry, Zumiez has the power to either help or hurt you.
When we interviewed DC Shoes founder Damon Way last year, he said didn't think "a footwear brand could exist in this space without being in Zumiez."
Kevin Furtado, the founder of State Footwear, told me how Zumiez can help skate brands develop the financial security to stay involved with actual skate audiences – an ends justify the means type of scenario. "Having a large customer like Zumiez is not just larger orders, but prompt payments and timelines. As a small business, I need to make sure these things are being met as well. Those benefits allow me to flex a little more for independent [shops] that I could not do alone."
According to Damon and Kevin, both big and small skate shoe brands need to be in Zumiez if they want to survive. They need to share the shelf space alongside huge companies like Nike, Converse, and Adidas, and they have sell to at least some of the same customers in order to remain competitive in the footwear market.
For hard goods brands, most well-established ones are currently in Zumiez. Those that aren't — such as Polar, Quasi, 917, FA, Hockey, and Bronze — are succeeding in their own rights, but they also carry some of the most clout in skating today. If a hard goods brand can't attain that level of cultural excitement, they probably need to sell to Zumiez if they want to afford everything expected of a legitimate skate brand: supporting their riders, going on tours, and producing videos.
So regardless of how they feel toward Zumiez, most established hard goods brands, just like shoe brands, seemingly benefit from having them as a customer.
Younger hard good brands may see selling to Zumiez as a quick way to build recognition and reach more consumers. However, as Josh Stewart of Theories of Atlantis distribution told me, letting Zumiez blast your small brand to the world won't guarantee success or money, and could end up tarnishing your reputation.
"With those large orders, you end up flooding the market with your brand's products. You will potentially disenfranchise most of the core shops that helped get your brand to the level of popularity it's gotten to, and you have to accept a much cheaper price per unit," Josh said. "You're selling twice as much product as before, but you're only making one-fourth more money, while also doubling the cost of your production invoices. Once you analyze the whole scenario, you're not making much profit in the long run."
tom campion, zumiez co-founder
Josh also pointed out how small hard goods brands could inadvertently hurt skate shops by selling to Zumiez.
"That big chain store is getting much cheaper prices than the core shops that supported your brand from the beginning," he said. "Those shops are finding it harder and harder to compete, so some of those shops stop ordering from you, and some of them go out of business. It puts a big strain on the whole delicate ecosystem we call the skate industry."
Skate shops are crucial parts of the skateboard industry, but they're also crucial for skateboarding culture, so no matter how little or how much you're invested (experientially, emotionally, or economically) we need skate shops around.
"Core shops offer a sense of community," Josh said. "And typically the employees and owners help curate skate culture for their area, giving a sense of local personality to that scene. They also are instrumental in helping get local skaters recognized and sponsored. The importance of shops like that can't be overstated."
[Zumiez] can be a beneficial partner for shoe companies and some hard good companies, but they're possibly detrimental to skate shops…
Stuart Martin agreed that Zumiez doesn't provide all the same functions as a skate shop. "The Zumiez experience and the specialty shop experience are really different," he said. "The number one thing we do is make sure the best brands in skateboarding have solid business. We're not trying to be a specialty shop or replace all the vital things they do for skateboarding." However, that doesn't mean Zumiez doesn't affect skate shops and communities.
Some time ago, Zumiez reached out to Josh in hopes of working together. "They said we could do it slowly and introduce our brands to the [Zumiez] shops that aren't close to any core stores, so it wouldn't affect real skate shops or bum them out," Josh said. "And they also offered to make their first couple of purchases at our regular shop pricing. But they did admit that after their first couple of initial orders they would expect to start negotiating cheaper pricing."
I asked Josh if it was strictly a business decision for him to not work with Zumiez, but he said it was a moral one as well.
"Going to small underground skate shops as a kid and knowing how important they are for building the culture in small cities, I want to support that tradition and keep skateboarding feeling like an underground counterculture. But I also feel like if we continue to look out for the smaller, core shops who supported us from the beginning, they'll continue to back us. That might be naive, but it makes us feel better because either way we're never going to get rich doing this so we might as well feel good about the way we do things."
richard brooks, ceo of zumiez
As far as Zumiez's community involvement, they hold Best Foot Forward contests that give local ams around the world more chances to be seen, and they host signings when big teams are in town. Unlike most skate shops, Zumiez doesn't sponsor skaters. And while Zumiez occasionally puts on video premieres, art shows, and social events, they don't do so as frequently as skate shops or with the same level of local engagement. However, not for nothing, Zumiez does have a foundation that donates clothes every year to people in need. In 2018, they gave away over 200,000 pieces of clothing to 200 different communities.
There is no easy answer to the Zumiez question. They can be a beneficial partner for shoe companies and some hard good companies, but they're possibly detrimental to skate shops, and they don't maintain authentic skateboarding culture in a meaningful way.
Anyone can go into a Zumiez and learn about skateboarding on a surface level: what some of the brands are, what the latest big video is, and maybe some deeper pointers from employees who skate. But hanging out at a skate shop and becoming friends with the people who frequent and work there is still one of the best ways to absorb the culture of skateboarding and feel like you're a part of skateboarding, rather than buying into it.
For the skate industry, Zumiez is something they'll be grappling with for a while.
But for individual skate consumers, they can at least rest assured knowing Zumiez helps bolster many skate brands' financial stability. And if they prioritize the history and future of skateboarding culture, but don't have a skate shop in their area, they can buy from skate shops with online stores instead of hitting the Zumiez at their mall.
And if they really want to take the extra step in keeping skateboarding weird and exciting, then yes, they can also try to get away with taking a dump inside a Zumiez. (Just don't tag us if you do this.)
Written by: Larry Lanza
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I remember my first couple times going to core shops as a young kid and feeling completely vibed out. Same experience when I started going to my local park and seeing the people in the local scene. But as much as it was intimidating and made me feel unwelcome, it kind of fascinated me and made me want to figure out how to get in on the scene. If you stick with it that kinda happens in ways you don't even realize, and that's always been one of the cool things about skateboarding to me. It might just be that my perspective is irrevocably different, but it feels like that part of skateboarding has been dying out in recent years. It's turning into a big corny free for all. I liked when it felt like a community where you had to earn respect. But it is a hard call when it comes to Zumiez. Obviously the stores are completely drained of the character of core shops, but maybe they do help some brands keep afloat. Still, the existence of (thriving) brands as mentioned in the article seems to be easy proof that reliance on zumiez is not necessary.


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In a career that spans over two decades, Judd Apatow has written, directed, and/or produced some of the entertainment industry's most successful comedies, including The 40-Year-Old Virgin, Knocked Up, This Is 40, Superbad, Bridesmaids, Anchorman, and the current hit, Trainwreck. And the introduction of his book, Sick in the Head: Conversations About Life and Comedy, actually has a lot of great lessons for high school students, whether or not you like Apatow's movies.
Apatow describes how he developed an obsession with comedy at an early age, even taking a job in junior high as a dishwasher at a local comedy club. But it was in tenth grade that he started working at his high school's radio station and pitched an idea for his own show. He called comedians' agents or their PR people, introduced himself as "Judd Apatow from WKWZ radio on Long Island," and asked to interview their client. He left out that he was only 15 years old.
1. Passion: Apatow wasn't doing any of this just so he could put it on his college application. He was genuinely passionate about comedy and went to great lengths to feed that interest.
2. Initiative: Apatow didn't wait for someone else to create this show or contact the comedians for him. He did that himself. And he proved that he's someone who can make things happen.
3. Individuality: How many other students do you think could say that they'd done what Apatow did in high school?
4. Love of learning: He had an insatiable desire to learn everything about comedy, so much so that he also transcribed episodes of Saturday Night Live and made a point to watch every stand-up comedian who appeared on talk-shows. None of this would ever appear on his transcript. But he was channeling an intellectualism there that paid off in the form of an admission to college, and was likely instrumental in his success later in life.
5. Likability: It must have been impossible for a college admissions officer not to like this high school kid who had interviewed some of the biggest names in show business.
Apatow let his passion and curiosity drive him to do as much as he could with something that really interested him. Even if he had never pursued comedy after high school, those skills—cold calling, selling himself, interviewing, interacting with adults, etc.—would still have served him well…and made for a great college essay. Best of all, he didn't do any of this as some sort of college admissions strategy. Like almost all successful applicants, Apatow wasn't concerned with whether or not he'd ever get any literal or figurative credit for it.
If you made Apatow-like efforts with whatever interests you, how far could you go?
Seniors, if you're thinking about starting a club on your high school campus this fall because you're excited about it, because your school needs it, because you want to bring together like-minded students to do something interesting, or any other reason that doesn't have to do with college admissions, well then, go forth and start it.
But if you're doing it just so you can list "Club President" on your application, please don't bother. Do something else you enjoy and are actually excited about.
College admissions officers are smart folks. They know how to distinguish between something you were actually interested in and something you did just for resume's appeal, especially when it happens right before college application time.
You're better off putting your time and energy into things that are important to you than you are taking one last wild swing.
One of my favorite stories to share at Collegewise seminars is that of my former student from many years ago, Meg, who wrote her college essay about the fact that she'd lost every election she had ever entered in high school (and there were lots). These were lopsided losses, too. But she was the first to make fun of herself about it. She was likeable, self-deprecating, and at the same time found a way to exude confidence without taking herself too seriously.
She was also admitted to her first-choice college—Notre Dame.
Failure gets a bad rap in college admissions. Kids may think they need to excel at everything they touch, but the truth is that there's great value in going after something you want, falling short, dusting yourself off, and coming back for more. Colleges know it's those kids–not the perfectionists who would never put themselves in failure's path–who are likely to take advantage of the bounty of opportunities available to them in college.
Meg tried hard in all of those elections. And even after her most lopsided of losses, she still came back and ran again for other offices. Multiple times. And in between those failures, she went out and made valuable contributions somewhere else. It would have been clear to anyone who read her application and essay that she was not afraid to challenge herself, that she would never be deterred just because something didn't work out as planned, and that whatever she was able to get involved in, she found a way to make herself indispensable.
Failure can sometimes be a recipe for success.
I spend much of my space here preaching that prestigious colleges aren't necessarily better schools, that what you do while you're in college is much more important than where you do it. But more importantly, I want students to look for the right college fits, and for some students, those fits might include some highly-selective colleges. If you're considering applying to any schools that deny most of their applicants, I hope you'll consider attending this upcoming free Collegewise webinar, which I'll be moderating.
Attendance is limited to 200 people, and registration is required. Click here to register.
Have you ever wondered how those students who get accepted to schools like Stanford, those in the Ivy League, and other high-selective colleges stand out from the rest of the applicant pool? This webinar will feature Collegewise counselors who have read applications at some of the most selective colleges in the country— Arun Ponnusamy (University of Chicago, Caltech, and UCLA), Monica Brown (Harvard), and Christopher LaBounty (MIT). They will not only reveal how the most competitive colleges in the country select their freshman classes, but also share Collegewise strategies to improve your chances of admission. Attendees will be invited to submit questions before and during the webinar.
To reserve your space, just register here. During registration, you'll also have the opportunity to submit a question for our presenters.
I remember when a student I was counseling came into my office one day and told me that he'd signed up to take two summer courses on the Civil War at a local community college. He never asked me if it would help his chances of getting into his dream school. He never asked me if doing something different would make him "look better." He never tried to impose strategy on what was already a noble motive. He was fascinated with the Civil War, he wanted to learn more about it, and he could chase that interest by taking courses down the street from his house for about $20 a unit. Done. No strategic discussion necessary.
That kind of curiosity and initiative is exactly what colleges want from applicants (he later attended Yale…as a history major).
I'm not suggesting that you shouldn't make deliberate college planning decisions or that you shouldn't ask for advice. But when you drive all your decisions by what you think will look best to colleges, you become more about the chase to get in and less about the chase to learn, grow, and experience new things.
When you become all about the chase to get in, you lose your identity. And you look a little desperate. Would you attract someone you wanted to date by basing your every decision on what you thought they might appreciate? ("No" is the correct answer, by the way.) It doesn't work in dating or college admissions. Far better to be your best version of yourself and trust that the right partner or college will appreciate the real you.
Instead of chasing your desire to get admitted to a prestigious college, chase things that don't rely someone who's never met you to say "Yes." Chase opportunities to get smarter, learn more about yourself, meet people, and to have fun. Those are guaranteed to pay off no matter where you go to college.
"Passion" is a frequently-used college admissions term. Colleges want it, and students are advised to discover, pursue and demonstrate a passion for something while they're in high school.
But I haven't heard a lot of discussion about why passion is such a desirable trait. Passion is appealing in an applicant because students who have it tend to carry it with them to college, whether or not they continue to direct that passion to the same interest.
Let's say you love playing the trumpet. You're in the school jazz band. You take private lessons. When you could be doing lots of other things, you choose to practice your trumpet or play in live performances. It's fair to say that you're passionate about the trumpet.
Now, maybe you decide to major in music while you're in college. Or maybe you play in the university marching band. Or maybe the trumpet becomes a hobby, and you form your own little jazz quartet that plays at the campus pub on weekends. In any one of those scenarios, your passion for the trumpet benefits your new college.
But even if you leave the trumpet—or music entirely—behind after high school, odds are that you'll bring your passion with you to college and redirect it somewhere. Maybe you'll find a new form of expression, like art. Maybe you'll enjoy time as a bio major in the lab. Maybe you'll join a campus debate, mock trial, or intramural sports team.
You know how good it feels to commit yourself to something. You don't mind practicing because you know that's how you get better. Those feelings are familiar to you because you learned them as a high school trumpet player. Your trumpet may be left behind, but the passion carries with you.
So don't worry if you haven't found a passion that you're ready to commit your life or even your college years to continuing. Enjoy and work hard at what excites you today. If you later decide to bring that interest with you to college, you can pick schools that will give you that opportunity. But if you decide to leave the interest behind, plenty of colleges will be happy to welcome you—and your accompanying passion—to their campuses.
We teach our Collegewise students a college essay concept we call "Own your stories." Owning your story means that you tell a story only you could tell. It doesn't have to be an earth-shattering experience or something deeply personal. Your experiences of playing in the marching band, having a part-time job, taking care of your little sister after school, etc., are not the same as those of other students who may have done those things. To take ownership, you focus on the parts that are unique to you.
But taking ownership of any story is easier if you took ownership during the experience.
If you write for the school paper and do only what's expected of you (you attend the meetings, write what's assigned, and turn your articles in on time), you share ownership of that experience with thousands of other students who did exactly the same thing. And you're probably not getting as much out of it as you could have.
What if you decided to take ownership of your time on the paper? You could take an outside writing class in person or online. You could find three successful journalistic giants in the industry and pour through all of their work. You could pitch bigger stories, jump in and help your peers doing advertising or photography, or write a blog that shows the development of your pieces from concept to finished product. Now you're doing things most people in your position aren't doing. You've taken ownership.
Taking ownership doesn't mean that you ignore what's asked of you and just do what you want to do. It means making the conscious decision to bring energy and enthusiasm to whatever you're doing. It means making an impact and leaving a legacy. A writer for the school paper who does only what's asked of him will easily be replaced next year. A writer who took ownership of that role will be missed.
If you're going to spend your time doing anything, whether it's taking algebra II, teaching kids to read, or washing cars for minimum wage after school, you have a choice. You can do what the average person in that position would do by just showing up and doing only what's asked of you. Or you could decide that your time is valuable enough to take ownership and make the experience valuable.
P.S. Yesterday's post had the wrong link for the University of Virginia's blog post on timing your reporting of test scores. The correct link is here.
In professional sports, some players are superstars. These are the perennial all-stars, the future hall-of-famers, the athletes who are universally recognized as being that much better than the rest.
But there are also role-players—the athletes who aren't the best in the game or the best on their own teams, but who find a way to do one particular thing so well, they become valuable contributors. They're the great rebounders in basketball who always come down with the ball, the passers in soccer who can always find an open player, and the special teams player in football who can't carry the team as a running back, but makes the key block during punt returns. They may not get all the accolades, but their teams would miss them if they stopped showing up.
Role-players are valuable outside of sports, too.
Maybe you don't have a leadership position in your club or organization, but you write so well that you created a regular newsletter for your members that keeps everyone informed.
Maybe you aren't the best violinist in the orchestra, but you can sight read so well that you're always the first to play a new piece correctly.
Maybe you didn't get the part in the school play, but you were the most positive and committed understudy the teacher had ever seen.
Maybe you aren't a manager at your part-time job, but you're so good at making customers happy that the clothing store always has a good sales day when you're on the floor.
Maybe you aren't the best writer in your English class, but you're willing to put your hand up and contribute when the teacher is leading a discussion about the book.
If you're not one of the best, find a way to make contributions by doing something that you do excel at. Superstars—and colleges—need good role-players, too.
The classes you take and the grades you earn are more important than the GPA that appears on your transcript.
I'm training two new Collegewise counselors who, between them, have worked in admissions at three different colleges. And not surprisingly, they compared past admissions notes and revealed that their former admissions offices each used a different formula to recalculate their applicants' GPAs.
As I've discussed in past blog entries, most colleges don't just take the GPA that's calculated on your transcript at face value. They look at what classes were available at your high school, which ones you took, and then recalculate your GPA while paying attention to the rigor of your courses. Some colleges will also include college-level work outside of high school when calculating that GPA; others will not.
What was available at your high school? Which classes did you take, and how rigorous were they? And if you took classes outside of high school, colleges will be impressed by your initiative to pursue your academic interests, especially if you performed well. Whether or not those grades are calculated in your GPA for admissions purposes does not change the figurative credit for making additional efforts to learn.
Take the most rigorous curriculum you can reasonably handle. Thrive in your favorite subjects and do your best in those that don't come as easily to you. And if you want to learn something outside of high school, from math to hip-hop dance, go for it. The GPA is one measure of your curiosity and work ethic, but it's not the only one. A student who passes up a hard class just because it doesn't come with a weighted grade is focusing more on his GPA than he is on the opportunity to take a great class. A student who takes an elective college course over the summer not because he's interested in it, but because he hopes it will increase his GPA, is focusing on the wrong things.
You don't have control over how a college treats your GPA. So focus more on your efforts to learn and your willingness to work hard. Academic rigor and performance are always rewarded in some way.


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The agent supports both local and remote modes. A requirement is that JBoss or the client libraries must be installed on the machine where the agent is deployed.
JBoss home directory: path to the location where JBoss is installed.
Classpath to JBoss client libraries: contains a list of all jars required for monitoring JBoss, the path is relative to the JBoss home directory (above).
All data available from JBoss via JMX is accessible; the runtime data is not structured but a dashboard is provided that contains the most useful data views.


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text:
Josef Skvorecky, The Art of Fiction No. 112
Interviewed by John A. Glusman
Issue 112, Winter 1989
Feline Proof Reading. CA. 1978
A native of Nachod, a small town on the northeastern border of Bohemia—the westernmost part of Czechoslovakia—Josef Skvorecky has experienced virtually every major political system of twentieth-century Europe: liberal democracy under the nation's first and second presidents, Tomas Masaryk and Eduard Benes, until the Munich Pact of 1938; Nazism from 1939 until the Potsdam Conference of 1945; "uneasy" democratic socialism until the Communist coup d'état of 1948; Stalinism until 1960; the liberalization of Communism until 1967, culminating in Alexander Dubcek's Prague Spring of 1968, and terminated by the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in August of that year.
The son of a bank clerk and chairman of the local Sokol Gymnastic Association, Skvorecky graduated from the local realgymnasium in 1943, worked for two years in the Messerschmitt munitions factories in Nachod and Nove Mesto under the Totaleinsatz scheme, and was then transferred to the Organization Todt for trench-digging duty, from which he defected. For the last two months of the war he worked in a cotton mill.
He subsequently studied for a year at the Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague, but transferred to the Philosophical Faculty, graduating in 1949 and receiving a Ph.D. in American philosophy in 1951. After teaching for two years at the Social School for Girls in Horice v Podkrkonosi, Skvorecky was drafted into the army where he served with the elite tank division stationed in the Mlada military camp near Prague, now the headquarters of the Soviet occupation army.
In 1948, at the invitation of the literary and art critic Jindrich Chalupecky, he became a member of the Prague underground circle of Jiri Kolar, and, as a frequent visitor to meetings of the Prague surrealists at the apartment of the artist Mikulas Medek, he was introduced to the underground litterateurs of the early 1950s.
An aspiring tenor saxophone player, Skvorecky began writing at an early age, but time and again political circumstances thwarted the publication of his works in Czechoslovakia. His first novel offered for publication, The End of the Nylon Age, was banned by the censors before publication in 1956. His second novel, The Cowards, which he had written ten years earlier, was published in 1958, but became the pretext for a cultural purge by Stalinist members of the Communist Party. As a result, Skvorecky lost his job as editor of the magazine World Literature, and was unable to publish until five years later, when the novella, The Legend of Emöke (1963), appeared. Though criticized by the Party, Emöke became one of the major publishing successes of the mid-sixties in Czechoslovakia. Skvorecky was still closely watched, and yet another novel, Miss Silver's Past, was banned before its publication in 1967, only appearing afterwards under Dubcek in 1968. Not until 1967 was Skvorecky made a member of the Czechoslovak Writers' Union, and then only because of his position as Chairman of the Translators' Section.
With the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, Skvorecky and his wife Zdena, a singer, actress, and novelist (Summer in Prague, 1973), left for Canada, where he now teaches film and American literature at the University of Toronto. His works published in Canada include two books continuing the adventures begun by Danny Smiricky in The Swell Season (1974) and The Engineer of Human Souls (1984), which won the Canadian Governor General's Award for Fiction in 1984. He is also the author of a novel about army life, The Tank Corps(1971), a series of detective novels, including The Mournful Demeanor of Lieutenant Boruvka(1966) and The End of Lieutenant Boruvka (1975), short stories, screenplays, essays on the Czech cinema, and translations from English into Czech of Ray Bradbury, Raymond Chandler, William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway, and Henry James. In 1971 he and his wife founded Sixty-Eight Publishers in Toronto, now the most important Czech-language publishing house in the world. Since then they have published more than 150 books, among them new works by leading poets, playwrights and novelists such as Milan Kundera, Vaclav Havel, and Ludvik Vaculik.
Skvorecky's most recently published work in English is Dvorak in Love (1987). His The Miracle Game, which was written in 1972, is to be published in early 1990. He is currently at work on The Bride from Texas, a novel about the role of Czech-Americans in the Civil War, "whose life stories," he admits, "may not be important historically, but they make for good fiction."
A natural storyteller who brings a special Old World sensibility to life in the New World, Skvorecky has become a satirist by circumstance, a dissident out of necessity, and has emerged as one of the most important voices in contemporary world literature. His work is distinguished by its far-reaching historical consciousness and sense of social engagement, an irrepressible wit, and a long-standing concern with human rights.
In 1980 Skvorecky was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature, and on presenting him to the jury, Arnost Lustig, a fellow Czech émigré author, wrote: "In a country that has not had any democracy for over forty years now, books like those of Josef Skvorecky have become forbidden fruit on the one hand, and a hope for dignity and freedom on the other. Taken together, his works constitute a highly artistic presentation of recent Czech history as the common intelligent people saw it and felt it."
A man of warmth and generosity, Skvorecky chooses his words carefully, speaking in a low, gravelly voice, a mischievous twinkle in his eyes. Like many Czechs, he has a fondness for beer, which we drank to the strains of contemporary Czech jazz, while conducting this interview over two sessions in New York City and Amherst, Massachusetts.
Asked on one occasion about the meaning of one of his works, Skvorecky replied in the words of Veronika, the sad heroine of The Engineer of Human Souls: "Let's leave it to the horses to figure out. They have bigger heads."
How old were you when you first tried your hand at fiction?
When I was a boy, I was something of a sportsman. I played soccer, and I skied, but then I fell ill with pneumonia, which in those days was a serious disease. I almost died of it, and I was afterwards forbidden to play sports. So I became a sheltered child, and got interested in writing. I was especially interested in an American writer by the name of James Oliver Curwood, who wrote romances. Towards the end of his life he started a trilogy about trappers, but he died before finishing it. He was very popular in Czechoslovakia, and I decided to finish the trilogy for him. I wrote The Mysterious Cave as the third volume of his trilogy when I was about nine.
What was the first novel you completed?
SKVORECKY
It was a story about student life I wrote right after my matriculation in the gymnasium—about an affair I had with a schoolgirl. My second unpublished novel was An Inferiority Complex, again a love story based on real experiences, which in a way prefigures The Cowards. My first real novel was The End of the Nylon Age, which I began writing in the university. It's about a student who has an affair with a shopgirl, and then an actress, and gets involved in smuggling. It was important for me as a writer, because I found I was good at lyrical description—which is easy if you're at all talented—but writing dialogue was something else. Remember, my formative years were spent under the Nazis, when access to good literature was restricted. Many books were simply banned.
What books did you have access to?
The Czech classics, which one had to read, and therefore hated. Czech fiction didn't really come of age until the 1930s; poetry had been the primary literary form until then. The first genuinely good Czech fiction writer was Jaroslav Hasek, a genius who didn't have any schooling, but wrote The Good Soldier Schweik in the early 1920s. It was his one great novel; its greatness is not as a novel, but as an observation of life in a very original, personal, and caustic style. Hasek was atypical. After Hasek come Vladislav Vancura, a highly sophisticated stylist, Karel Capek, a very good short-story writer who gained renown because of his plays, and Polacek, a Jewish-Czech writer who has never been translated into English and whom I really love—a master of the language.
Did you have any other literary influences?
Well, this shopgirl I was in love with was a real influence because she was very talkative, and she talked in scenes—literally using "scenic method." She couldn't tell a story in any other way: And then I said to him . . . and he said to me . . . And she also used contractions which I tried to imitate in my novel. One of the scenes from The Nylon Age, "A Babylonian Story," is just such an experiment in dialogue. But the novel itself is probably unreadable.
Why was writing dialogue so difficult for you?
There's this tradition in Czech literature that books are sacred, and therefore the language used in writing books is very formal—without contractions, distortions, or slang. The Czech expression for correct language is spisovna cestina, which means bookish Czech, and it's not a derogatory term. Most of the Czech books I was able to read were in this formal manner, and I was brought up thinking that's how books were written.
What changed your perception?
Hemingway. I suddenly saw that you could write dialogue as people spoke it. But I didn't read Hemingway until the end of the war in an English-language Swedish edition of A Farewell to Arms. And then I read everything. It opened my eyes. I realized that you could write dialogue that need not be informational; it simply was.
How were you first introduced to American culture in Czechoslovakia?
Seeing Judy Garland's movies. I saw Thoroughbreds Don't Cry with Mickey Rooney, in which Judy sang "Stormy Weather." I was determined to write her a letter, so I had to learn English. The two languages everyone had to learn in Czechoslovakia were German and French, but instead of studying French, I studied English. I wrote Judy Garland that letter, but I never heard back from her.
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More from Issue 112, Winter 1989
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Current Issue No. 235
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Episode 18: A Tree Grows Live in Brooklyn (A Live Recording at On Air Fest 2020)
, May 2020
A special bonus episode, recorded live at On Air Fest on March 8, 2020 (just before social distancing sent everyone home), featuring a crowded room of lovely human beings enjoying an immersive live performance of The Paris Review Podcast. The show opens with excerpts of Toni Morrison's 1993 Art of Fiction Interview, scored live by some of the musicians that created the score for Seasons 1 and 2. Then Vijay Seshadri reads his poem "Ailanthus"; Quincy Tyler Bernstine reads "A Story for Your Daughters, A Story for Your Sons" by Rebecca Makkai; finally, Emily Wells provides live scoring for Bill Callahan's rendition of Adrienne Rich's poem "The Tree."
"The Tree" excerpted from Collected Poems: 1950-2012 © 2016 by the Adrienne Rich Literary Trust. Used with permission of the publisher, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. All rights reserved. // The musicians providing the live scoring are Curtis Brewer on guitar, Sam Ospovat on drums, and Mike Brown on bass. // Our theme song is composed by David Cieri.
I am made of the earth, flesh, ocean, blood, and bone of all the places I tried to belong to and all the people I long for.
The Art of Poetry No. 110
By Edward Hirsch
Photo courtesy of Garrett Hongo
Edward Hirsch is the author of ten poetry books, most recently Stranger by Night (2020). His debut, For the Sleepwalkers, published in 1981 when he was thirty-one, won the Lavan Younger Poets Award. It was followed by 1986's National Book Critics Circle Award–winning Wild Gratitude. These first collections set the stage for others, such as On Love (1998) and Lay Back the Darkness (2003), that spotlighted a poet of both emotion and intellect, a poet as able to explore metaphysical subjects as to give voice to the disenfranchised.
Gabriel (2014), Hirsch's ninth book, is a virtuosic confessional sequence in tercets about the life and death, at twenty-two, of his troubled son. The National Book Foundation noted, "Gabriel enters the broad stream of human grief and raises in us the strange hope, even consolation, that we find in the writer's act of witnessing and transformation." When I asked Hirsch to identify a common undercurrent in all his books, he said, after some thought, "Human suffering." But grief is not his only register—the elegies that weave his collections are complemented by love poems, poems informed by history and politics, and poems after art and artists.
Hirsch, whose honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship, a Prix de Rome, and a MacArthur Fellowship, has also written several books about poetry, most notably the encyclopedic A Poet's Glossary (2014), which was spawned by the popular How to Read a Poem and Fall in Love with Poetry (1999). As editor and critic, he has taken on subjects including John Keats, Galway Kinnell, Philip Levine, William Maxwell, Theodore Roethke, Wisława Szymborska, nightingale poems, the sonnet, and visual art. He has conducted five interviews for The Paris Review, among them conversations with W. S. Merwin, Derek Walcott, and Susan Sontag. "My most stressful one was with Sontag," he recalled. "She considered it the definitive interview with her as a novelist, but it took me several days to get her to cop to the fact that she was an essayist, too."
Between 2017 and 2019, I met Hirsch four times at the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation's office in Midtown Manhattan, a stone's throw from Grand Central Terminal. He was proud to point out his book collection, lining the walls of a foyer, a reception area, and his large office. "You can tell they're poetry by how thin they are," he joked. I was treated to a spectacular view as we talked, before me a large southern exposure, the Empire State Building looming on the right, the East and Hudson Rivers visible beyond skyscrapers. Hirsch, who spent more than twenty years teaching at the University of Houston and Wayne State University, has been the foundation's president since 2002, the first practicing artist to be appointed to the role. "Suddenly, I had a different kind of day job," he said. "There's a staff, there are budgets, there are hundreds of outside readers, there are art juries, there's a board of trustees. I was no longer on an academic timetable. But I've adjusted."
Hirsch was born in Chicago in 1950 and grew up there. Broad-shouldered and tall, a competitive athlete in high school and college, he naturally transmits his physical presence to his words, imbuing them with gravity even when he is joking. His gaze is concentrated and powerful. His considered responses reflected a no-nonsense approach to work, and only briefly, when my questions turned to Gabriel, did I sense in his voice a surge of emotion, on the brink of overflowing but kept in check.
What's so funny?
EDWARD HIRSCH
I was thinking of something—it always makes me laugh—that Joe Brainard said to a friend of mine on the phone and my friend shared with me. It was a very sad call because Joe was dying of AIDS-related pneumonia, but then he brightened up a little. "Well," he said, "at least I don't have to go to any more poetry readings." He paused. "But you do."
How many poetry readings do you think you've gone to?
Let's just say that I've put in my ten thousand hours.
What's wrong with poetry readings?
Nothing. I just don't like to be bombarded. Most readings just make me slink farther and farther down in my seat. But I've had a few transformative experiences and so I keep coming back for more. Once, at Bread Loaf, I heard Brigit Pegeen Kelly read her poem "Song." It was mythic. I heard C. K. Williams read his shocking poem "The Gas Station" in Philadelphia, and Philip Levine recite his great poem of rage "They Feed They Lion" in Detroit. I once listened to Mark Strand read his entire book Man and Camel in an apartment in New York City—it was both droll and magisterial. When I was in graduate school, I heard Elizabeth Bishop read "The Moose" at Bryn Mawr. She seemed like a very unwilling reader, but the poem is spectacular. I was fixed to my chair.
When did you give your first reading?
I was twenty-five years old. I'd just gotten hired for a job in the Pennsylvania Poetry in the Schools program. I was then invited to read outside on the parkway in Philadelphia. It was very loud, and I raced through my poems. All the pent-up feeling made me nervous and I felt exposed. It couldn't have been enjoyable for the twelve or thirteen people who were there.
You were obviously undeterred by the unnerving experience. Eventually, you even overcame a crucial challenge of validation by publishing a book.
I don't think "challenge" adequately describes what you go through in your twenties as you try to make your way as a young poet. It takes a long time to create a first book, which goes through so many different iterations. You face so much doubt, so many rejections. You're not at all sure that you are going to be able to have the life you've imagined for yourself. I wrote the earliest poem in For the Sleepwalkers in 1975, when I was twenty-five, and the last poem in 1980, when I was thirty. Those were certainly "challenging" years.
You're a Midwesterner. Was it the job that brought you East?
No, I had just started graduate school in the folklore program at the University of Pennsylvania. I applied for a job at PITS and Gerald Stern interviewed me, if you could call it that, at Horn & Hardart in downtown Philadelphia. I had never met anyone like him. I was wearing my one coat and tie, he was wearing a ratty sweater. We got in line to buy coffee and he started singing and carrying on, talking to everyone. He left me to pay. When we sat down, he said that we had both written poems about salt. I was hired. I started to argue with him. I told him that I had a lot of ideas about teaching poetry and he should ask me about them. That wasn't necessary, he said, he would train me to teach. He wanted to tell me about a long poem he'd written about the Pine Barrens of New Jersey. I protested again. "Look," he said, "do you want this job or not?" I shut up and learned about "The Pineys."
That was my first poetry job and I was excited to have it. Jerry had a gift for treating young poets as equals and we became friends immediately. He was writing the breakthrough poems of his second book, Lucky Life. I loved the exuberance of those poems, the way he faced and embraced failure. I've looked up to him as an older brother ever since.
From the Archive, Issue 235


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Hundreds sign up to grow hemp in Virginia
Wayne Grizzard, owner of Southern Virginia Hemp Company and Virginia Homegrown Botanicals, tends to his hemp plants. Photo by Andrew Gionfriddo, Capital News Service.(WHSV)
By Associated Press ; WHSV newsroom
Published: Jul. 24, 2019 at 1:11 PM EDT
After federal legislation opened the door for the wide-scale cultivation of hemp, hundreds of people in Virginia have signed up to grow the crop.
The Roanoke Times reports
that as of July, more than 800 growers had registered with the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
Elaine Lidholm is director of communications for the department. She says if the farmers plant as they told the department they intend to, there will be more than 8,500 acres (3,439 hectares) of hemp this season.
She says licensees include farmers looking to diversify but also first-time farmers drawn specifically to hemp.
Lawmakers have amended the state's hemp laws to match the rules in the 2018 federal farm bill passed by Congress. Virginia farmers can now grow hemp for producing cannabidiol, or CBD, a naturally occurring chemical that some say has mental and physical health benefits.
Historically, hemp was one of the earliest grown crops in our area, even planted by George Washington, when fibers from the plant were necessary to create rigging for ships.
Historians estimate that by the mid-18th century, Virginia had 12,000 acres cultivated for hemp. But marijuana and hemp were both banned in the 1930s under the Marihuana Tax Act, and remained that way for years, with hemp classified as a schedule one controlled substance due to its nearly identical genetic structure to marijuana.
However, hemp has far less THC than its psychedelic cousin.
Since the Farm Bill passed, hemp and its derived products are now legal on a federal level once again, and it's booming across the country. Uses for hemp include thousands of products, like rope, oils, clothes, fibers similar to plastic, food and more.
Farmers are working together to collaborate to figure out how to answer some of the questions they have about hemp. The opportunity does allow for farmers to be on a new end of an old industry, one which many
hope could be a new cash crop in Virginia
Local farmers have also
told WHSV
that the legalization of hemp could benefit the next generation even more.
"We have nephews here on the farm, and I'm hoping that by adding another crop, another way to make money, that it will actually benefit the next generation more than the current generation," farmer Glenn Rodes (who was also part of the JMU hemp research project) said.
Across the mountain in West Virginia, the number of licenses issued to farmers to grow hemp
has increased
from 46 last year to 158 this year, and acreage for hemp has jumped from 155 acres to 1,532 acres.
Judge dismisses lawsuit against West Virginia hemp farm
Higher education: Colleges add cannabis to the curriculum
West Virginia farmer switches from raising chickens to growing hemp
Could hemp join tobacco as big cash crop in Virginia?
Hemp applications grow in West Virginia
Industrial hemp production faces challenges after legalization
Christiansburg farm becomes largest producer of hemp in Virginia