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Game Reviews / Gaming News
Desperados 3 Review – Test – terrific wild-west stealth strategy festival
by Zap · Published June 17, 2020 · Updated November 8, 2020
This post is also available in: Deutsch
Desperados 3 Review
terrific wild west stealth strategy festival
Desperados 3 Review – a sneak tactics real-time strategy game in a wild west setting.
In this article, I'll show you everything about Desperados 3, the new real-time strategy game with wild-west film feeling, lots of fancy characters, and wacky missions. Desperados 3 is released for Playstation PS4, Xbox One, and PC (Steam). In this Desperados 3 Review, you get all information, a complete analysis of the game, and my rating for the new sneak Strategy game Hit by Mimimi and THQ Nordic.
German Version:
This article is available here as text, but also as a YouTube video (German voice-over, many subtitles). This way you can choose how you would like to enjoy it most.
German voice-over, many subtitles
Table of Contents – Desperados 3 Review – Test
Desperados 3 Test – Review – Intro
Desperados Serie – Background
Desperados 3 – Game Type
Gameplay – Characters and Skills
Desperados 3 Gameplay – Story
Gameplay – Missions and Maps
Tech, Graphics, Sound
Desperados 3 Gameplay Screenshots
Desperados 3 Test – Opinion and conclusion
Desperados 3 Review – Rating
Links and Sources:
Hi there, it's the Zap. In this article I'll introduce you to the game Desperados 3, it's all about tough cowboys and crisp sneak strategy. And there is the question whether a good game comes out of it if you combine both cleverly?
So here you get all the details about the game and in the end, there is also a rating from me, but most of all I want to give you all the information to decide for yourself if it could be something for you.
I have received a free test sample from the publisher. But all games are always tested by me and with the thought in my head how I would feel if I had paid the full price.
Desperados 3 Test-Review – Background Info
Desperados 3 is developed by the German studio MiMiMi Productions from Munich and published by THQ Nordic. MiMiMi was recently very successful in the strategy area with Shadow Tactics and the Desperados series was quite a popular brand. So the expectations for Desperados 3 have been quite high from the beginning. But first trailers and a demo version already showed the positive trend of where the new cowboy sneak tactics game will go.
Desperados is a series that is roughly based on the classic Commandos. You control individual heroes, all of whom have special abilities, through a strategic map, dodging enemy cones of sight as best as you can and using the very different strengths of the characters to clear a map of enemies one by one.
The first part of the series was called "Desperados: Wanted Dead or Alive" and was already released in 2001, followed by a sequel with "Desperados 2: Cooper's Revenge". Both games were moderately successful at that time, Metacritic scores of 78% and 66% indicate a success, which however could not quite keep up with Commando's original success.
The games were then developed by Spellbound Entertainment. Unfortunately, the studio stumbled after the death of the founder in 2009, so that the company had to go into liquidation in 2012. Parts of the studio were transferred to the new company Black Forest Games, which today is again very successful in producing games, currently for example Destroy all Humans!
The trademark rights to the Desperados brand then apparently passed to THQ Nordic over time. With MiMiMi Games, they have now hired a new, tactic-game experienced developer to revive the Desperados brand.
Desperados 3 Test-Review – Game type
Desperados is a sneak tactics real-time strategy game. Such games are typically organized in separate maps, which in the case of Desperados 3 can be quite large. We control multiple characters, more to come about these in a moment. All enemies have fixed patrol routes, but if an alarm is triggered, they can react very unexpectedly and request reinforcements.
That's why we should ideally avoid this case and sneak through the enemy's cones of sight, distract them with special tricks of the heroes, or at least attack from the ambush in such a way that no alarm is triggered if possible. An alarm does not immediately mean the end of the mission, but the extra guards do not make the game any easier to play. A more direct approach will therefore usually be much more dangerous and difficult than analyzing the situation in detail and skilfully looking for gaps in patrol routes and visibility and then exploiting them.
Most things happen in real-time and require very good timing. But we also have the possibility to switch to a kind of stop-and-go mode at any time. Then the game pauses, and we can give instructions to all the figures, which they then execute in parallel. In some cases, instructions can be chained together or the actions of several characters in different places can be precisely coordinated. This results in something like a kind of mini-script. Once we have given instructions in this mode, we can then let the time run again and wait for the most opportune moment, and then activate "Execute" so that our heroes put the decisions they made before into action.
Desperados 3 Test-Review – Characters and Skills
We play in Desperados as the bounty hunter John Cooper, already known from the predecessors. He was accustomed to weapons and the infiltration of enemy bases by his father from an early age and was trained for it, as you can experience for yourself in the first tutorial mission in Desperados 3. No wonder, then, that even as a seasoned gunfighter he continues to pursue this trade.
John Cooper is very unerring with his two colts, but his outstanding skill is the skillful handling of the knife. Not only can he secretly take out enemies from behind, but he can also eliminate them silently and accurately at long range.
Throughout the story, he meets four other companions who help him in his search for the villain Frank, who is apparently in the service of an unscrupulous railway company. Together with these four very special and diversified allies, we take up the fight against the big company that is terrorizing the environment.
Each character offers not only its own exciting story but also its own skills, which allow completely different approaches. And each of the five characters joins the Cooper gang for different reasons.
First, there is Doc McCoy, a trained doctor who can silently eliminate opponents with his lethal injection. He throws his doctor's bag onto the battlefield as a distraction, and enemies who then check to see what's odd are briefly knocked out by a poison bomb. In addition, with his modified sniper pistol he can eliminate crooks from a distance and he has a doctor's training with which he can also heal companions.
Then follows the bear-like trapper Hector Mendoza. Armed with a sawed-off shotgun and his beloved bear trap, named Bianca, he stomps onto the battlefield. When he has laid out the huge bear trap, he lures bandits with his whistle and thus eliminates enemies from ambush. Otherwise, he has such powers that he can carry away and hide two eliminated enemies at the same time and if he is wounded, he has a home-made liquor that heals him.
Now let's get to the ladies of the illustrious society. The redheaded Kate O'Hara is an Irish whirlwind. Due to some events in the story that I don't want to spoil, she has a very special grudge against Frank and the railway company. She can disguise herself and distract opponents with her charm, but also knows how to shoot with her derringer. As a passionate poker player, she often gets herself into trouble, but also leads her opponents on the wrong trace.
Finally, the Voodoo priestess Isabelle Moreau joins the band. She has some very unusual abilities. So she can take control of an opponent for a short time or chain two opponents together with a spiritual connection and what happens to one of them happens to the other. Besides, she is not defenseless with her sickle and can send out your cat Stella to distract enemies.
Desperados 3 Review – Story
Here I will only go into the storytelling, not the story itself. Nobody likes spoilers, me neither.
The stories in Desperados 3 have been a lot of fun. The campaign has some cutscenes that show longer conversations between the characters using the engine. Then you always get a long sequence at the beginning of each mission, which shows the situation on the current map and often brings some story bites as well.
In addition, our characters also chat from time to time in the middle of a mission. And a few times during the course of a mission there are more additional scenes that reveal further details of the story and map, sometimes with surprising twists and turns.
I was very positively surprised how well Mimimi manages to weave together the little stories of the companions and also the big overall story. And how they knit a very entertaining story rug out of it that lies beneath the whole strategy and action.
Desperados 3 Test – Missions and Maps
The design of the missions in Desperados 3 is on a really high level. At first, the individual settings are graphically very varied. Components are rarely recycled, almost all buildings, machines, landscape features, etc. are created for this one special mission and are then not or at least not often reused. So you already have the feeling of being at a unique location on every map. Everything seems lovingly designed and handmade.
The maps are usually very three-dimensional. So we can climb on roofs and on cliffs, and also execute jumping attacks from up there. In the same way, there are often deeper areas that allow us to stay "under the radar" of the guards. There are almost always different ways to proceed in solving the tasks. And also the order in which we solve certain areas of the map is rarely directly given. This opens a lot of space for your own planning and does not force you into a linear track.
There are often hidden subtleties on the maps, which you can use for your own advantage. Here there are hiding places like doors or cupboards, or boulders that you can drop on the heads of enemies. Sometimes you can conquer a Gatling gun and then not be so stealthy anymore, or there are oil puddles on the ground which you can light with a torch to burn enemies standing in them.
I also found the maps on which it was night especially interesting. Here, there is a strong impact of light and shadow in addition to the normal visual areas. Every lamp or torch can change the visibility of the gangsters to be defeated and patrols with light make things even more dynamic.
Desperados 3 puts a strong focus on crisp difficulty. The missions are almost always designed in such a way that you can't just march through, but that there are some pitfalls that make failure on the first attempt very likely. However, with quick saving and quick loading you can more or less use a kind of trial and error system to try out some "what would be if…". This way you can check out and practice different tactics relatively safely, and then in the end you will be able to perform the best possible variant.
But there are also numerous achievements and special mission awards for each map. Most of the time, these bonus goals include some things that you will definitely not achieve the first time you play through. These goals range from "complete the mission without saving", "blow up 5 enemies at once" to "complete the mission without triggering an alarm" or a task for speedrunners like "complete the mission in under 15 minutes". Here there will be some motivation to play through the maps several times and to further refine and optimize your tactics.
Desperados 3 Review – Tech, Graphics, Sound, Engine
Mimimi uses the Unity Engine for Desperados 3. This well-proven game engine provides a stable foundation. During the entire test period, I did not have a single crash. Also in all other respects, the game is very well developed. Typical problems with new releases, such as performance slumps, obvious weaknesses in pathfinding, or crashing quest scripts did not exist in Desperados.
At this point, Mimimi Games has certainly already collected quite a lot of player feedback with a beta phase and a pre-released demo and obviously placed a lot of emphasis on good quality control. Therefore, Desperados 3 is a very well-developed software, the opponents here are nasty bandits, not nasty bugs.
The graphics are good consistently. No new standards are created here, but all maps are nicely drawn and modeled. I also particularly enjoyed the 3D camera function of the game and the many interactive objects, some of which are hidden in the map. The characters are high quality animated throughout the whole game and also have many different poses and movement sequences.
The sound is also on a high level. The music titles are suitable in western style and also the combat music is pleasant to listen to. Here I would have preferred a little more variety, but I rather enjoy the tracks that are in there. The sounds of the environment and the game characters are numerous and appropriate. Here you could always wish for "more", but I never had the feeling that the game was too quiet.
I also had fun with the voice acting. The German speakers are well-known dubbing voices, sure they are the same quality in English, and the emotions in the dialogues are conveyed convincingly. This is especially true in the excellently staged cutscenes, which are played in the game engine and have mostly been given their own unique sceneries.
Click on image for larger version
Desperados 3 Test – Gameplay Screenshot 13
Desperados 3 Review – Gameplay Screenshot 12
Desperados 3 Gameplay Screenshot 11
Desperados 3 Screenshot 06
Desperados 3 Test Gameplay Screenshot 05
Desperados 3 Test-Review – Opinion and Conclusion
A bunch of positive things were already included in the technical part, but Desperados 3 offers some more big plus points. For me, this already started in the tutorials, with 2 special methods the game uses to introduce the player to the features and functions of the game.
There was something that struck me very positively right at the beginning, namely direct insertions in the game world where you had to do something. So you were supposed to jump down from the roof of a house, and the hint that you should jump down was just written on the wall of the house. This method was also used in other places, unfortunately, this was only available in the tutorials. No extra pop-ups or a break to explain anything were necessary here. A simple but very effective way to instruct the player, which I have never seen in any other game before.
There are parchments scattered all over the world, which you can click on if you walk next to it with a character. When you activate such a document, nevertheless, a pop-up window will appear that explains a certain function in detail. Sometimes it is a skill of a character, sometimes the function of interactive items is explained and sometimes there are simply tips on how to solve a trickier problem.
In this window, a text and a short video will always be shown so that you can see directly how the note is meant and how it works. This method was a little less immersion-friendly than the first method because of the pause, but mostly there were more complex clues involved, which could not have been shown with 1-2 words on a wall. On top of that, I very much enjoyed the fact that the clues were always positioned directly at the place where you could really use them. Both were for me very positive examples of good user interface design.
I was also very positively surprised by the implementation of the function to be able to give instructions to the characters during the pause mode. With a little practice, you can solve so many problems by letting several characters perform actions at different places at the same time. The whole thing was easy to control and after some practice, I used it more and more often.
MiMiMi got a lot of things right with the level design. The maps are interesting and very varied. I found the very low rate of reused parts particularly commendable, but overall each level has been a special experience for me, and at a high level all the way through. Almost always there are special features in the maps that haven't been seen in any mission before, and that makes it a great gaming experience. As an interesting gimmick, there is also a well-done replay mode, which allows you to watch your game again on a tactical map in fast motion after the mission is completed.
At least when you play through the missions for the first time, they also offer a lot to tinker with and try out. Later you can tweak some things and 100% players and Achievement Hunters will enjoy the many challenges. The total amount is, with 25-30 hours playing time for fast players and estimated more than 100 hours for connoisseurs and achievement collectors, also in a good range.
Desperados 3 is packed with challenges and achievements, for players who don't want to play through the story just once. But if the challenge is not that appealing to somebody, or the other way around can't be high enough, there are a lot of possibilities to fine-tune the game to your personal preferences, besides the usual difficulty settings.
The 5 heroes themselves are the icing on the cake of the already great overall concept. Each character is very unique, has special abilities, and allows completely different approaches. The stories around the troupe are presented in an interesting way and each of the characters seems to be coherent and credible in itself.
Overall Desperados 3 has become a great game. The story is gripping, the levels exciting, the characters well-designed and implemented. It's been some time since I could find that little to complain about in terms of technique, storytelling, or scope as I did with Desperados 3.
Desperados 3 Review – Rating with numbers
Desperados 3 makes it difficult for a reviewer to find points of criticism. A great story, high-quality level design, interesting characters, good scope, and a technically clean implementation make this game a real hit.
I would, therefore, like to use 90% as the base valuation. And for the particularly good UI design and the innovative user interface, I give away 2% as a bonus. For an even higher rating, even more, innovations would have been needed, and for that, completely new ways of playing would have had to be developed.
This brings me to a final rating for Desperados 3 of 92%. If I had a Gold Star Bonus Super Award to give, the game would get that one too. No strategy fan should miss this wonderful pearl. Unless you really don't like cowboys, because there is no way around them in Desperados 3, not even with sneaking.
Great work, MiMiMi Productions, rarely has it been such a pleasure for me to test a game as in this case.
Zap von ZapZockt.de
Desperados 3 Review – a sneak tactics real-time strategy game in a western setting.
In this article I'll show you everything about Desperados 3, the new real-time strategy game with Spaghetti Western feeling, lots of fancy characters and wacky missions. Desperados 3 is released for Playstation PS4, Xbox One and PC (Steam). In this Desperados 3 Review you get all information, analysis of the game and my rating for the new Schleich strategy game Hit by Mimimi and THQ Nordic.
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Do you want to become a gunslinger and shoot up the bandit gangs right away or do you prefer to go slow and sneaky? But maybe there are too many cowboys in this game for your taste? Please write me your opinion, I am looking forward to it, just as I will be happy about a subscription or a thick thumbs up. More gaming news, game reviews and tips and tricks can be found on ZapZockt.de and then I wish you a great day, ciao ciao, your Zap
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Desperados 3 Steam-Page:
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Dev Webseite:
https://www.mimimi.games/
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Are you planning on renting and watching "The Dark Knight" through Facebook? Chances are you've already seen the movie a thousand times over. But for those of you that haven't seen the latest Batman movie, Warner Bros. announced Tuesday that you could rent "The Dark Knight" for 48 hours and watch it as many time as you like on Facebook for 30 Facebook credits ($3). The movie is only available for streaming in the United States and requires you to authorize a special Facebook application. Warner Bros. says it plans to offer more movie titles on Facebook in the coming months.
The prospect of using Facebook as a premium video streaming platform is interesting, but the trial program is not going to blow away Netflix any time soon. Nevertheless, the idea of watching a movie and chatting with your Facebook friends at the same time may be an attractive feature for some.
Here's a look at some of the pluses and minuses of streaming movies on Facebook.
Americans are already spending nearly 13 percent of their online time spent on Facebook, according to comScore. So it makes sense to offer new digital services to such a captive audience. That is, if you can drag people away from watering digital crops on Farmville, commenting on photos and liking their favorite brands long enough to watch a full-length movie.
But to watch "The Dark Knight" you have to pay to play, and I'm not just talking about forking over $3 worth of Facebook credits. "The Dark Knight" streaming app wants access to your basic Facebook information including your name, profile picture, gender, networks, user ID, list of friends and anything you've publicly shared on Facebook. That's a lot of ripe information for marketing departments to salivate over.
Not only can you watch "The Dark Knight" but you can make comments on the movie as you watch it and post status updates. But you don't appear to be able to watch the movie at the same time as your friends as you can with some Blu-ray titles.
So far Warner Bros is the only movie studio experimenting with movie streaming on Facebook and the company is offering just one title. Selling a movie that's nearly three years old as your first entry into online video streaming is not a promising start. Most people have already seen the film, and if you bought a Blu-ray player in the last two years chances are "The Dark Knight" was one of the first discs you bought.
So it's no surprise that Facebook users don't appear to be particularly interested in Warner Bros.' lame offering. At the time of this writing, the "Watch The Dark Knight from Warner Bros." Facebook app had only 1,759 monthly active users.
For $3 you can rent "The Dark Knight" and watch it as many times as you like within a 48-hour period via Facebook. On Netflix, you can stream movies as many times as you like within a one-month period for as little as $8 - "The Dark Knight" is currently unavailable via Netflix streaming.
You can only watch Warner Bros.' movie streaming via Facebook on a PC; while Netflix streaming is available on your PC, and numerous televisions, set-top boxes and mobile devices. Unless studios offering video streaming via Facebook improve offerings to include subscription services or drastically cheaper prices, Netflix has little to worry about.


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$connection = mysqli_connect($mysql_host,$mysql_user,$mysql_password, $mysql_database) or die('Error connecting to MySQL server.');
$new_mc1=$_POST['number'];
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$new_mc4=$_POST['semester'];
$new_mc5=$_POST['grade'];

if($new_mc1==null||$new_mc2==null||$new_mc3==null||$new_mc4==null||$new_mc5==null)
{
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	die('Error inserting incorrect value to semester');
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{
	die('Error inserting incorrect value to grade');
}

$query = "INSERT INTO grade_list(Student_Number,Class_Name,Student_Year,Semester,Grade) VALUES('$new_mc1','$new_mc2','$new_mc3','$new_mc4','$new_mc5');";
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echo "<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='style.css' media='screen' />

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Don't Miss Indonesia Comic Con 2015!
For you who love toys, games, and comics, you have to know this event! It is Indonesia Comic Con 2015 that will be held this November, exactly on November 14-15, 2015 at Jakarta Convention Centre, Senayan. In here you can see many animation characters to superheroes, such as Star Wars, Spider Man, and even Hello Kitty! Not only that, you can also find many toys, action figures, animation, games, and even the world's well-known actors and actresses starred in superhero movies.
Wow! Isn't it exciting? Check In Jakarta is sure you will love this event, dear the comic and animation lovers. There are also talk show, meet and greet, and make sure you wear your best cosplay because there is also a competition for the best cosplay costume. For more info, visit the website of Indonesia Comic Con written on the info and contact detail below.


text:
Home / Biography / Camilla Tilling
Camilla Tilling
The Swedish soprano Camilla Tilling has emerged among the world's leading Mozart singers, equally in the home over the operatic and concert stages, in the recital hall, and in the recording studio, where she's been from the BIS label in her residential country. Tilling was created in the tiny town of Hyperlinköping, in central Sweden, in 1971. "As a kid I'd sing all night," she informed Britain's Opera newspaper. "Perhaps I was one among those kids who loved performing, so when we went in the automobile, I'd sing for your ride. I was raised on a plantation; there have been no neighbors near by, so we're able to make a whole lot of sound and I possibly could sing without troubling anyone." Sweden's solid college musical education and choral applications honed her abilities, and she enrolled on the Academy of Music and Play in Goteborg. While students there, in 1997, Tilling produced her debut as Olympia in Offenbach's Les Contes d'Hoffmann. She finished her studies on the Royal University of Music in London, graduating in 1998. Tilling quickly discovered major assignments at opera homes in Sweden, Britain, as well as the U.S. In early stages, she produced her NEW YORK Opera debut as Corinna in Rossini's Il viaggio a Reims, and in 2002 she made an appearance as Sophie in Richard Strauss' Der Rosenkavalier. The lighter assignments of Strauss have already been a Tilling area of expertise, combined with the operas of Mozart; among her many common Mozart assignments continues to be Susanna in Le nozze di Figaro. In 2005 she produced her debut at La Scala, in Mozart's Idomeneo. Tilling spent some time working with historical-performance-oriented conductors aswell as those in the operatic mainstream, showing up in a documented functionality of Purcell's Dido and Aeneas executed by Emmanuelle Haim. With the middle-2010s, Tilling was matched in collaboration with the world's leading conductors: Simon Rattle as well as the Berlin Philharmonic (with whom she performed Bach's St. Matthew Interest), Christoph von Dohnányi, Bernard Haitink, and Esa-Pekka Salonen, amongst others. In '09 2009 Tilling produced her solo documenting debut with BIS, in Rote Rosen, a recital of Strauss music with pianist Paul Rivinius. She's also documented Schubert lieder and I skogen (2015), an array of Scandinavian music, for the label. In 2017 she released Loves Me… Adores Me Not really…, a saving of arias by Mozart and Gluck.
Kontrust certainly are a crossover pop music group from Austria that formed in 2001 and …
2000s - 2010s Camilla Tilling Choral Classical Felicity Lott Johannette Zomer Karina Gauvin Opera Vocal Music

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
using namespace ArduinoJson::Internals;

class JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests : public testing::Test {
 public:
  JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests() : object(json.createObject()) {}

 protected:
  void outputMustBe(const char *expected) {
    char actual[256];
    int result = object.printTo(actual, sizeof(actual));

    EXPECT_STREQ(expected, actual);
    EXPECT_EQ(strlen(expected), result);
  }

  StaticJsonBuffer<JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(2)> json;
  JsonObject &object;
};

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, EmptyObject) { outputMustBe("{}"); }

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneString) {
  object["key"] = "value";

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":\"value\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, TwoStrings) {
  object["key1"] = "value1";
  object["key2"] = "value2";

  outputMustBe("{\"key1\":\"value1\",\"key2\":\"value2\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, RemoveFirst) {
  object["key1"] = "value1";
  object["key2"] = "value2";
  object.remove("key1");

  outputMustBe("{\"key2\":\"value2\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, RemoveLast) {
  object["key1"] = "value1";
  object["key2"] = "value2";
  object.remove("key2");

  outputMustBe("{\"key1\":\"value1\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, RemoveUnexistingKey) {
  object["key1"] = "value1";
  object["key2"] = "value2";
  object.remove("key3");

  outputMustBe("{\"key1\":\"value1\",\"key2\":\"value2\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, ReplaceExistingKey) {
  object["key"] = "value1";
  object["key"] = "value2";

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":\"value2\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneStringOverCapacity) {
  object["key1"] = "value1";
  object["key2"] = "value2";
  object["key3"] = "value3";

  outputMustBe("{\"key1\":\"value1\",\"key2\":\"value2\"}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneInteger) {
  object["key"] = 1;
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":1}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneDoubleFourDigits) {
  object["key"].set(3.14159265358979323846, 4);
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":3.1416}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneDoubleDefaultDigits) {
  object["key"] = 3.14159265358979323846;
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":3.14}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneNull) {
  object["key"] = static_cast<char *>(0);
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":null}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneTrue) {
  object["key"] = true;
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":true}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneFalse) {
  object["key"] = false;
  outputMustBe("{\"key\":false}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneEmptyNestedArrayViaProxy) {
  JsonArray &nestedArray = json.createArray();

  object["key"] = nestedArray;

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":[]}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneEmptyNestedObjectViaProxy) {
  JsonObject &nestedArray = json.createObject();

  object["key"] = nestedArray;

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":{}}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneEmptyNestedObject) {
  object.createNestedObject("key");

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":{}}");
}

TEST_F(JsonObject_PrintTo_Tests, OneEmptyNestedArray) {
  object.createNestedArray("key");

  outputMustBe("{\"key\":[]}");
}


text:
Personal Finance and Investing
New investment opportunities emerge as stock market-giants tumble
Russ Wiles
When mature trees topple in the forest, it can seem plenty dangerous and disruptive at the time. But falling giants also open a pathway for fresh air and sunlight to reach the ground, giving saplings a chance.
Is a similar situation playing out now in the stock market?
Today's giants of the forest are technology-focused behemoths including Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Tesla, Facebook and Nvidia, which currently represent seven of the 10 most valuable U.S. corporations. They have led the market's charge in recent years, generating huge profits while crowding out hundreds of smaller stocks from investor portfolios.
'The new plantation': How (and why) tech's corporate giants haven't successfully diversified their workforces
Collectively, the top 10 accounted for 30% of the value of all 500 companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 index at the end of January — one of the highest concentrations ever, reported JPMorgan Asset Management.
It's hard to imagine a world without more cellphones, software, computers, online retail, electric vehicles and the like, and nobody is predicting these hallmarks of innovation will recede anytime soon.
Yet the market's leaders arguably are so overvalued that they might offer subdued potential ahead. Many big tech stocks have slipped in recent weeks, possibly signaling that investors are paying more attention to neglected areas such as smaller companies, value plays and international equities. Rising inflation, higher interest rates and less government stimulus might be catalysts for that to happen.
Extreme popularity tends to wane
Stocks and industries rotate in and out of favor over time. Just think back to 1980, following the Arab oil embargo, when energy companies like Exxon, Mobil, Texaco and Chevron dominated the most-valuable list. Energy stocks in 1980 accounted for more than 25% of the S&P 500's value; today, they're around 3%.
Then there was the Nifty 50 era of the late 1960s and early 1970s when a few dozen companies led the way and were deemed, by some investors, as worth holding forever. But some of those stocks, like Xerox, Avon and Polaroid, have basically vanished.
An even more stark lesson can be found in the original components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, which was started in 1896. None of the initial companies is still included today, and most aren't even in existence. General Electric was the last to drop out, in 2018.
Stocks pick back up again: Wall Street stocks show signs of life, hopes for a second solid week after brutal January
The point here is that things change — products, businesses and the economy — and investors should periodically take a reality check to make sure they aren't falling too deeply in love with the stocks or funds that flourished in the past.
Investors tend to extrapolate recent successes into the future, often paying overly high prices for stocks that have done well, noted William Smead, chief investment officer at Smead Capital Management in Phoenix. However, "you can't pay too much for a mature growth company and expect to win" over the long haul, he warned.
Until recently, it was hard to find much to quibble about tech giants. But more recently, cracks have appeared that could point to slower appreciation ahead.
The relative earnings of the market's 10 biggest stocks have started to slip, even though those 10 giant corporations (which also include Berkshire Hathaway, Visa and Johnson & Johnson) still weigh in at 30% of the S&P 500's value, according to JPMorgan. They're also selling at an average price-earnings ratio of around 30, compared with 20 overall for stocks in the index.
In particular, large growth stocks have taken a wild ride, generating an 18% annual return on average over the past decade, noted JPMorgan. By contrast, large value stocks have delivered a more-subdued 12.3% annual return over the past decade. Results are even lower for small growth (11.7% annually) and small value (10.6%) companies. Growth stocks tend to exhibit higher profit potential, while value shares sell at lower price-earnings ratios and pay higher dividend yields.
How millennials might factor in
Supercharged stock-market returns tend to cool off eventually, and now might be one of those transition periods.
Smead thinks the recent inflation uptick could persist. He points out that the huge millennial generation — the roughly 89 million Americans born between 1981 and 2000 — now all are reaching ages when they will buy more cars, homes, appliances and other big-ticket items, just as the roughly 74 million baby boomers did in the 1960s and 1970s, another era of high inflation.
Roboadvisers and young investors: Don't know how to invest your extra cash? Let a robot do it for you.
If so, Smead argues that now is a good time to favor overlooked companies and sectors that can benefit from inflation. He cites homebuilders, pharmaceutical firms, real estate investment companies or REITs that own shopping malls and, especially, energy stocks.
With oil and other energy stocks accounting for only around 3% of the S&P 500's value, investors including mutual funds and other institutions are underexposed, he believes. Meanwhile, oil prices have surged since their lows in April 2020, despite the emergence of more electric vehicles and other green-energy choices.
"Oil prices have recovered (but) the stocks haven't," Smead said.
New Cyber Ninjas messages show Trump's influence on 'audit' Gov. Hobbs says she's ready to play hardball, use veto Vacant farming land in Mesa could make way for apartments Scottsdale cut water use by 38M gallons last year
Other investment possibilities
Many other investors are looking with growing concern at high valuations focused in large tech stocks, but they don't all share the same conclusions on what it might mean.
For example, in a a report published in December, the Vanguard Group said it expected much lower market gains ahead, arguing that U.S. stocks haven't been this overvalued since the dot-com bubble of the early 2000s. The outlook calls for U.S. stocks to return somewhere between 2.3% and 4.3% annualized over the next decade, well below the 10.6% annualized returns over the past three decades.
Members of Vanguard's investment team said they expect value stocks to fare better than growth (4.1% a year compared with 0.1%), but they don't forecast a difference between small and large companies (3.2% annualized for both). They see international stocks appreciating more than domestic ones, with 6.2% annual projected gains over the next decade. The stock market pullback over the past five or six weeks has crimped valuations a bit but hasn't significantly altered these projections.
Nobody knows for sure what the future holds, but the market tumult of early 2022 might mark one of those inflection points when certain industries, sectors and investment themes rotate in or out of favor.
Now might be a good time to assess what you own, including the top holdings of your mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, and rebalance accordingly.
Even the healthiest, tallest trees don't grow to the sky forever.
Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com.


text:
Experience of biological agents usage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from a Western Indian center
Anuj Singhal1, Darshan Bhakuni2, Vishal Marwaha3, Vivek Hande4, Garvit Bagga4
1 Department of Rheumatology, INHS Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2 Consultant Rheumatologist, UB Area, Bareilley, Uttar Pradesh, India
3 Department of Rheumatology, Command Hospital, Alipore, Kolkata, India
4 Department of Medicine, INHS Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Date of Web Publication 11-Aug-2016
Dr. Anuj Singhal
Department of Rheumatology, INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai - 400 005, Maharashtra
Background: In this study the clinical outcomes of different biologics agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been appraised.
Methods: Nineteen RA patients with DMARD failure were administered etanercept (n = 7) or infliximab (n = 12), and 17 RA patients with TNFi failure were administered rituximab (n = 13), abatacept (n = 2), or tocilizumab (n = 2) as per 2013 EULAR guidelines. Baseline demographic details, disease duration, rheumatoid factor, and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were obtained. To monitor disease activity, disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) score was obtained at baseline, and after 3 months and 6 months of therapy initiation.
Results: All the groups were comparable in the baseline. Over 6 months of treatment, the reduction in disease activity, as evidenced by reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores was statistically significant for all patients when considered together, as well as when individual biologics were considered separately (P < 0.05 in all cases). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores between patients who received etanercept and infliximab in DMARD failure RA patients (P = 0.877), or between patients who received rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab in TNFi failure patients (P = 0.455).
Conclusions: Different biologic agents showed similar efficacy in patients with RA.
Keywords: Biologics, disease activity, rheumatoid arthritis
Singhal A, Bhakuni D, Marwaha V, Hande V, Bagga G. Experience of biological agents usage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from a Western Indian center. Indian J Rheumatol 2016;11:144-8
Singhal A, Bhakuni D, Marwaha V, Hande V, Bagga G. Experience of biological agents usage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from a Western Indian center. Indian J Rheumatol [serial online] 2016 [cited 2022 Jan 28];11:144-8. Available from: https://www.indianjrheumatol.com/text.asp?2016/11/3/144/187412
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory joint disease seen in clinical practice and is estimated to affect around 1% of the Indian population. [1] Therapy with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) should be started early for RA patients, and a delay of as less as 9 months has been reported to adversely impact clinical outcome. [2] The most frequently used and also the most efficacious DMARD is methotrexate (MTX). Studies have shown that in patients who fail to respond to MTX, adding another DMARD is associated with limited efficacy and that addition of a biologic therapy is clinically superior. [3],[4]
The introduction of biologic response modulators (BRMs) for the treatment of RA has brought in a significant improvement in clinical outcomes of the condition worldwide. [5] The approved BRMs for RA include the anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) agents (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, and certolizumab pegol), rituximab, tocilizumab, and abatacept (targeting CD20, interleukin [IL]-6, and CD80/86 respectively). Although the BRMs are effective, their exorbitant cost is the major hindrance for their regular usage, especially in India where most of the treatment is borne by the patient through out-of-pocket spending. [6] Despite the arrival of biosimilars, the cost of therapy with BRMs is still comparatively higher than that with DMARDs.
Ours is a specialist state-owned health-care organization which provides BRMs free of cost to patients with RA and other rheumatological conditions through government procurement. We were curious to know the comparative clinical outcomes of the usage of different BRMs for RA patients who have continued disease despite being treated with DMARD either as monotherapy or in combination therapy. With this background, we report our experience of BRMs usage in Asian Indian RA patients with DMARD failure and anti-TNF agent failure.
We collected data from patients with RA attending the rheumatology OPD of the INHS Asvini Hospital over 2 years between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, referred from across the country since ours is a national level referral institute.
RA patients who showed continued disease activity despite on therapy with DMARD for at least 6 months disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR score >4.6) were declared as cDMARD failure cases and were put on treatment with either etanercept, given as 50 mg per sitting, subcutaneously; the dosing was once a week up to 4 months, once every 2 weeks for 4 months, and once a month for 4 months, or infliximab given as 3 mg/kg intravenous infusion every 2 nd month for 8 doses. The allocation of treatment was determined by patient convenience, affordability, and physician discretion. DMARD-failure patients who could visit us on a weekly basis were started with etanercept therapy, and patients who resided at a distant place were started with infliximab therapy. TNF inhibitor (TNFi) failure patients with high anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPAb) titers were started with rituximab, and those with low or normal ACPAb titers were started with abatacept or tocilizumab, based on 2013 EULAR recommendation in treatment of RA. [7] MTX therapy was continued in these patients as per the 2013 EULAR guidelines. [7]
The cases where disease activity continued to remain high despite on therapy with an anti-TNF BRM for at least 6-9 months (DAS28-ESR score >4.6) were declared TNFi failure cases, and alternative BRMs were considered. Patients showing high values ACPAb titers were initiated therapy with rituximab, given as 1 g intravenous infusion on days 0, 15, 180, and 195, and those with normal or low-normal ACPAb titers were initiated therapy with abatacept given as 10 mg/kg intravenous infusion monthly for 12 doses, or tocilizumab given as 8 mg/kg intravenous infusion once a month for 12 doses, based on patient convenience, affordability, and physician discretion. MTX therapy was continued in these patients. [7]
We used rituximab and etanercept biosimilars in all patients; we did not use biosimilars for the other three BRMs (infliximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab).
Randomization was not performed for treatment allocation in either DMARD failure patients or Anti-TNF failure patients. Further, since this was not a clinical trial but a compilation of experience with different agents, informed consent waiver was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee.
At the initiation of therapy, in either case, the duration of disease, baseline values of rheumatoid factor (RF) titers and ACPAb titers were collected. For the purpose of this study, normal reference values for RF and ACPAb titers were <15 IU/ml and <20 IU/ml, respectively. DAS28-ESR was calculated at baseline, after 3 months, and after 6 months of therapy was used to measure the disease severity in both cases, and a reduction in DAS28-ESR score by more than two points from initial score, or DAS28-ESR score <3.5 was considered to be a reduction in disease severity.
All data were recorded electronically and analyzed using SPSS version 22 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. 2013); P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant for all tests applied.
Patient disposition is summarized in [Figure 1]. A total of 108 RA patients were administered triple DMARD therapy as per COBRA regime, out of which 36 patients did not show satisfactory reduction in DAS28-ESR scores over 6 months. These patients were declared as "RA patients with DMARD failure" and were initiated with etanercept and infliximab; 19 of these showed satisfactory reduction in DAS28-ESR scores.
Figure 1: Patient disposition
Patients not showing satisfactory reduction in DAS28-ESR scores over 6-9 months (n = 17) were declared as "RA patients with TNFi failure" and were initiated with rituximab, tocilizumab, or abatacept.
Median number of infliximab infusions was 9 in DMARD failure cases and 4 in TNFi failure cases. For etanercept, the median number of infusion was 24 and 12, respectively. Four doses of rituximab (1 g each) were given over 195 days. Tocilizumab and abatacept were administered as 10-12 monthly doses.
The baseline demographic values are summarized in [Table 1].
Table 1: Baseline demographic details
Rheumatoid arthritis patients with disease-modifying antirheumatoid drugs failure
Out of the 19 patients, 7 patients received etanercept and 12 received infliximab. Out of the 19 patients, 13 were female (5 etanercept and 8 infliximab), and 6 were male (2 etanercept and 4 infliximab).
The mean age of patients among patients receiving etanercept and infliximab was 39.57 ± 17.56 years and 37.08 ± 11.41 years, respectively. The average duration of disease among patients receiving ETA and INF was 6.28 ± 3.59 months and 26.92 ± 39.23 months, respectively. In both cases, the difference was not statistically significant (age: P = 0.745; duration of disease: P = 0.09; independent samples t-test).
A total of 6 patients on etanercept and 11 patients on infliximab had positive RF titers, and a total of 4 patients on etanercept and 11 patients on infliximab had positive ACPAb titers. This distribution of patients was not significantly different (P = 1.00 for RF titers and P = 0.117 for ACPAb titers; Fisher's exact test).
The mean DAS28-ESR scores at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months is summarized in [Table 2]. The distribution of mean DAS28-ESR scores over 6 months among these patients is shown in [Figure 2]. Overall, the improvement in disease, as evidenced by reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores over 6 months of treatment was statistically significant for all patients when considered together (P < 0.0001), as well as when etanercept and infliximab were considered separately (P = 0.0011 and 0.0113, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores between patients who received etanercept and those who received infliximab (P = 0.877).
Figure 2: Mean disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate scores over 6 months in disease-modifying antirheumatoid drugs failure rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving etanercept and infliximab
Table 2: Mean disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate scores over 6 months in disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs failure rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving Etanercept and Infliximab
Two patients who received etanercept reported mild, self-limited flu-like transfusion reaction, and two patients on infliximab had self-limiting cutaneous rashes. There were no serious reactions which required treatment discontinuation.
Rheumatoid arthritis patients with antitumor necrosis factor biologics failure
Out of the 17 patients, 13 patients received rituximab, 2 received abatacept, and 2 received tocilizumab. Out of the 17 patients, 14 were female (10 rituximab, 2 abatacept, and 2 tocilizumab) and 3 were male (3 rituximab).
The mean age of patients among patients receiving rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab was 42.38 ± 14.23 years, 29.50 ± 7.78 years, and 50.00 ± 8.49 years, respectively. The average disease duration among patients receiving rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab was 34.54 ± 53.66 months, 7.50 ± 6.36 months, and 43.50 ± 44.55 months, respectively. In both cases, the difference was not statistically significant (age: P = 0.329; duration of disease: P = 0.748; one-way ANOVA).
By statistical analysis, it appeared that a significantly higher number of patients who received rituximab had a higher baseline RF and ACPAb titers; however, this should be viewed with caution because there were very few observations in the abatacept and tocilizumab groups.
The mean DAS28-ESR score at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months is summarized in [Table 3]. The distribution of mean DAS28-ESR scores over 6 months among these patients is shown in [Figure 3]. Overall, the improvement in disease, as evidenced by reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores over 6 months of treatment was statistically significant for all patients when considered together (P = 0.0003), as well as for those patients who received rituximab (P = 0.0073); this reduction was not statistically significant in patients who received abatacept and tocilizumab (P = 0.2097 and 0.1336, respectively). This difference in response to treatment should be viewed with caution, considering the fact that there were very few observations in the abatacept and tocilizumab group. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of reduction in the mean DAS28-ESR scores between patients who received any of the three biologics (P = 0.455).
Figure 3: Mean disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate over 6 months in antitumor necrosis factor biologics failure rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab
Table 3: Mean disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate scores over 6 months in antitumor necrosis factor biologics failure rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab
Two patients who received rituximab reported mild, self-limited flu-like transfusion reaction, and another patient had an abdominal wall abscess which did not require rituximab discontinuation. There were no serious reactions which required any treatment withdrawals.
The introduction of BRMs brought in a landmark change in the treatment of RA. The success of BRMs targeting TNF-α and ILs 1 and 6 has reaffirmed the role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis of RA. [8]
According to the 2015 ACR guidelines, patients having established RA with moderate or high disease activity despite DMARD therapy (with or without glucocorticoids) may be treated with either a combination of DMARD or a TNFi or with a non-TNF BRM, with or without MTX. In case, the disease activity is moderate to high despite a single TNFi BRM therapy; the ACR guidelines recommend using a non-TNF biologics. [9] The guideline does not elaborate upon the sequence of choice among the different TNFi BRMs and the non-TNF BRMs.
We used the DAS28-ESR score to analyze the response of various biologics. [10] Remission, low disease activity, moderate disease activity, and high disease activity are determined based on cutoff points of 2.6, 3.2, and 5.1, respectively. [11] In our study, because of the restriction of the sample size, we used mean values of DAS28-ESR for analyzing the effect of different biologics on disease activity.
Comparative studies between biologics for efficacy in RA are lacking. A 2009 Cochrane review compared individual Cochrane reviews which studied the safety and efficacy of different BRMs - abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, etanercept, infliximab, and rituximab - in RA. The authors found that almost all BRMs had similar efficacy as per the ACR50 (American College of Rheumatology criteria for 50% improvement), the exceptions being anakinra being less efficacious than etanercept and adalimumab being more efficacious than anakinra. In terms of safety, the authors concluded that the withdrawal rate was higher with adalimumab than with etanercept, higher with anakinra than with etanercept, and higher with infliximab than with etanercept. [12]
In our study, we found that in both the scenarios, namely, in RA patients with DMARD failure and in RA patients with anti-TNF agent failure, all the BRMs used resulted in a significant improvement in disease activity as evidenced by a reduction in the DAS28-ESR scores. In the DMARD failure group, there was no significant difference in the mean reduction of DAS28-ESR by etanercept and infliximab, and in the anti-TNF agent failure group, there was no significant difference in the mean reduction of DAS28-ESR by rituximab, tocilizumab, and abatacept.
Previous studies which have compared the efficacy of different BRMs in RA have generally concluded that the efficacy of BRMs is similar. [13],[14],[15]
The major limitation of this study is its inadequate sample size, and hence the results need to be interpreted with caution. However, keeping in mind, the expenditure incurred in the administration of a BRM, these results should not be discarded. Further, since randomization was not followed and allocation of drug was based on factors such as severity of disease and patient convenience, the impact of these factors on the outcome cannot be ruled out completely. Keeping in mind, the results of this study, further randomized studies are warranted with a larger sample size.
To conclude, for RA patients with DMARD failure, etanercept and infliximab offer similar reduction in disease severity, and for RA patients who have continued disease despite treatment with anti-TNF agents, rituximab, tocilizumab, and abatacept offer statistically similar reduction in disease severity, as evidenced by reduction in DAS28-ESR. The selection of appropriate BRM may be driven by factors such as patient convenience, affordability, and disease severity.
The authors acknowledge the assistance of MarksMan Healthcare Solutions Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, in the statistical analysis, preparation, and processing of manuscript.
The Biologics used in the study were provided to the patients free of cost by the Government of India.
Chaturvedi V, Thabah M. Biologics in RA. Assoc Physicians India Med Update 2011;21:276-80. Available from: http://www.apiindia.org/pdf/medicine_update_2011/50_biologics_in_ra.pdf. [Last accessed on 2016 Jan 26].
Tsakonas E, Fitzgerald AA, Fitzcharles MA, Cividino A, Thorne JC, M′Seffar A, et al. Consequences of delayed therapy with second-line agents in rheumatoid arthritis: A 3 year followup on the hydroxychloroquine in early rheumatoid arthritis (HERA) study. J Rheumatol 2000;27:623-9.
van der Kooij SM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, van Zeben D, Kerstens PJ, Gerards AH, et al. Limited efficacy of conventional DMARDs after initial methotrexate failure in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis treated according to the disease activity score. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:1356-62.
van Vollenhoven RF, Ernestam S, Geborek P, Petersson IF, Cöster L, Waltbrand E, et al. Addition of infliximab compared with addition of sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine to methotrexate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (Swefot trial): 1-year results of a randomised trial. Lancet 2009;374:459-66.
Roshique KK, Ravindran V. Efficacy and safety of a biosimilar rituximab in biologic naïve patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015;34:1289-92.
Shahrawat R, Rao KD. Insured yet vulnerable: Out-of-pocket payments and India′s poor. Health Policy Plan 2012;27:213-21.
Smolen JS, Landewé R, Breedveld FC, Buch M, Burmester G, Dougados M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:492-509.
Scott DL. Biologics-based therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012;91:30-43.
Singh JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL Jr., Akl EA, Bannuru RR, Sullivan MC, et al. 2015 American College of rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016;68:1-25.
Inoue E, Yamanaka H, Hara M, Tomatsu T, Kamatani N. Comparison of disease activity score (DAS) 28- erythrocyte sedimentation rate and DAS28- C-reactive protein threshold values. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:407-9.
Fransen J, Stucki G, van Riel P. Rheumatoid arthritis measures: Disease activity score (DAS), Disease activity score-28 (DAS28), Rapid assessment of disease activity in rheumatology (RADAR), and Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity index (RADAI). Arthritis Rheum 2003;49(S5):S214-24.
Singh JA, Christensen R, Wells GA, Suarez-Almazor ME, Buchbinder R, Lopez-Olivo MA, et al. Biologics for rheumatoid arthritis: An overview of Cochrane reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;(4):CD007848.
Devine EB, Alfonso-Cristancho R, Sullivan SD. Effectiveness of biologic therapies for rheumatoid arthritis: An indirect comparisons approach. Pharmacotherapy 2011;31:39-51.
Strehblow C, Haberhauer G, Fasching P. Comparison of different biologic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after failure of the first biologic therapy. Wien Med Wochenschr 2010;160:225-9.
Gartlehner G, Hansen RA, Jonas BL, Thieda P, Lohr KN. The comparative efficacy and safety of biologics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Rheumatol 2006;33:2398-408.
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3]
1 Tofacitinib in the treatment of Indian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A post hoc analysis of efficacy and safety in Phase 3 and long-term extension studies over 7 years
Arvind Chopra,Vineeta Shobha,Srikantiah Chandrashekara,Sarath C. M. Veeravalli,Reena Sharma,Uppuluri R. Rao,Sapan Pandya,Shrikant Wagh,Jugal K. Kadel,Amit V. Thorat,Charles Adhav,Paul Santos Estrella,Wei Yu,Kenneth Kwok,Ann Wouters
International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. 2020;
Singhal A
Bhakuni D
Marwaha V
Hande V
Bagga G
disease activity
© Indian Journal of Rheumatology | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow


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Ball Transfer Unit, 7.93 mm, with M5 threaded end
Ball Transfer Unit, 8 mm, flush mounted, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 8 mm, with flange
Ball Transfer Unit, 8 mm, with flange, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 8.64 mm, with flange and Nylon ball
Ball roller (ball transfer unit), 25.4 mm, with mounting holes in base plate
Ball roller, full thread, stainless steel, M16
Ball roller, full thread, stainless steel, with spring, M10
Ball roller, full thread, stainless steel, with spring, M8
Ball Tranfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with mounting holes and a Nylon ball
Ball transfer unit (ball transfer unit), 15,875 mm, with flange, all stainless s…
Ball Transfer Unit, 10 mm, flush mounted
Ball Transfer Unit, 10 mm, with spring, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 11.90 mm, with M8 threaded end, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 12 mm, with mounting holes and flange, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 12.7 mm, flush mounted, with spring
Ball Transfer Unit, 12.7 mm, with flange and spring
Ball Transfer Unit, 12.7 mm, with mounting holes and flange, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, for heavy load, flush mounted
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with flange
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with flange and a Nylon ball
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with flange and spring, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with flange, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with M8 threaded end, for heavy load
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with mounting holes
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with mounting holes and flange
Ball Transfer Unit, 15.875 mm, with mounting holes, flange and Nylon ball
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Prijs range
Ball Transfer (90)
Max. Load (kg)
2 (1) 3 (1) 5 (3) 7.5 (1) 8 (2) 10 (5) 12 (1) 12.5 (1) 15 (4) 20 (6) 25 (7) 30 (2) 31 (1) 35 (2) 40 (5) 45 (2) 50 (4) 55 (2) 60 (3) 62 (1) 70 (2) 80 (3) 90 (1) 100 (2) 120 (1) 130 (1) 140 (1) 150 (5) 180 (3) 250 (5) 280 (1) 350 (1) 450 (1) 600 (2) 1000 (4) 2000 (4) 4500 (1)
Length of base plate (mm)
44 (2) 45 (1) 48.5 (1) 50 (2) 53 (1) 55 (1) 57 (1) 58 (2) 68 (1) 71 (4) 73 (1) 76 (3) 76.2 (1) 76.5 (1) 83 (1) 86 (4) 95 (1) 127 (2) 175 (1)
Width of base plate (mm)
38 (1) 48.5 (1)
8 (1) 10 (1) 12 (1) 15 (2) 16 (3) 20 (2) 22 (2) 23 (2) 24 (5) 24.5 (1) 25.6 (1) 27 (2) 28 (1) 30 (2) 31 (3) 32 (2) 35 (1) 36 (3) 37 (2) 38 (3) 39 (1) 42 (2) 43 (2) 44 (2) 45 (8) 47 (1) 48 (1) 50 (2) 52 (2) 54 (1) 55 (3) 57 (1) 60 (4) 62 (1) 65 (2) 71 (1) 75 (1) 86 (1) 95 (1) 100 (1) 101.6 (2)
Total height (mm)
10 (1) 10.3 (1) 10.8 (1) 11.1 (1) 12.5 (1) 17 (1) 18 (1) 19 (2) 20 (2) 21 (9) 23 (1) 24 (1) 25 (5) 28 (1) 28.6 (1) 30 (6) 31 (6) 32 (4) 35.5 (2) 36 (2) 37 (2) 38 (2) 40 (3) 41 (2) 42 (1) 44 (1) 45 (1) 46 (1) 49 (1) 50 (1) 51 (1) 53 (1) 54 (2) 55 (1) 59.5 (1) 61.5 (3) 62 (2) 65 (1) 67 (1) 98 (2) 98.4 (3) 101.5 (1) 114.3 (1) 145 (1) 163.3 (1)
Bolt Hole diameter (mm)
3.6 (1) 4 (2) 4.5 (3) 5 (6) 5.3 (2) 5.5 (3) 5.6 (1) 6 (2) 6.5 (4) 6.6 (2) 7 (6) 7.1 (1) 11 (4) 12.1 (1)
Kogeldiameter (mm)
4.5 (1) 6 (1) 7.93 (1) 8 (3) 8.64 (1) 8.73 (1) 10 (2) 10.32 (1) 11.9 (1) 12 (2) 12.7 (3) 15.875 (13) 15.88 (1) 18 (2) 19.05 (7) 22 (3) 22.2 (1) 22.23 (2) 25.4 (17) 30 (7) 30.16 (4) 38 (2) 38.1 (7) 45 (2) 50.8 (4) 51 (2) 76.2 (1)
Nylon (glass transport proof) (16) Steel (76)
Built-in diameter (mm)
12 (1) 13 (2) 15 (1) 16 (1) 20 (1) 22 (2) 23.9 (1) 24 (6) 25 (2) 25.4 (1) 28 (2) 36 (5) 36.5 (1) 37 (1) 38 (3) 39 (1) 40 (1) 42 (1) 44 (1) 45 (5) 48 (1) 49 (1) 54 (1) 55 (1) 60 (3) 62 (1) 66.5 (1) 101.6 (2) 102 (1)
10 (1) M10 (2) M12 (1) M16 (1) M20 (1) M5 (1) M6 (1) M8 (5)
Starting pressure spring (kg)
15 (1) 30 (2) 40 (2) 50 (2) 60 (2) 100 (2) 120 (1) 150 (1) 200 (1)
Center distance mounting holes (mm)
28 (1) 31 (2) 35 (2) 36 (1) 40 (2) 45 (2) 46 (3) 54 (2) 55 (2) 56 (2) 57.9 (2) 58 (2) 60 (3) 61.5 (1) 62 (1) 68 (2) 70 (2) 73 (1) 80 (1) 101.6 (2) 102 (2) 145 (1)
101.6 mm (2) 127 mm (4) 175 mm (1) 18 mm (1) 24.5 mm (1) 25 mm (3) 25.6 mm (1) 28 mm (1) 30 mm (3) 31 mm (1) 35 mm (1) 38 mm (3) 44 mm (1) 45 mm (2) 48.5 mm (1) 50 mm (1) 53 mm (1) 57 mm (2) 60 mm (2) 62 mm (1) 65 mm (2) 68 mm (2) 70 mm (1) 76 mm (2) 76.2 mm (2) 83 mm (1) 86 mm (1)
10 mm (1) 101.6 mm (2) 127 mm (4) 16 mm (1) 175 mm (1) 20 mm (2) 24.5 mm (1) 25.6 mm (1) 28 mm (1) 30 mm (2) 31 mm (1) 35 mm (1) 36 mm (1) 38 mm (3) 44 mm (1) 45 mm (2) 48.5 mm (1) 50 mm (1) 53 mm (1) 57 mm (2) 60 mm (2) 62 mm (1) 65 mm (1) 68 mm (2) 70 mm (1) 76 mm (2) 76.2 mm (2) 8 mm (1) 83 mm (1) 86 mm (1)
10 mm (1) 101.5 mm (1) 114.3 mm (1) 145 mm (1) 16 mm (1) 163.3 mm (1) 20 mm (3) 21 mm (1) 23 mm (1) 24 mm (1) 25 mm (1) 28 mm (1) 28.6 mm (1) 30 mm (1) 31 mm (2) 36 mm (3) 37 mm (1) 38 mm (1) 40 mm (1) 41 mm (1) 42 mm (1) 44 mm (1) 45 mm (1) 49 mm (1) 50 mm (1) 54 mm (1) 59.5 mm (1) 61.5 mm (3) 62 mm (2) 67 mm (1) 8 mm (1) 98 mm (2) 98.4 mm (3)
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← Today's Forecast – sunny and… snow?!
Time for me to grow up!
When I was a kid my Dad was really into making home movies – I'm guessing he had one of the first home video cameras in the world – or at least the first in our neighbourhood. It was an old Kodak wind-up film camera and from 1958 until the late 1970s, he used it to capture every Christmas, birthday and holiday memory for our family. Many of my early recollections of Christmas morning relate to the movie production protocol as we would enter the living room in order of age – youngest first – enduring the blinding bright lights of the camera so that my Dad could capture the looks of astonishment and joy at the loot old St. Nick had dragged down the chimney to fill the entire room.
Unlike today's instant results – we would have to wait weeks to see these movies – my Dad would pack up the little film canisters and mail them away to the developing lab. We would all be dying to relive these wonderful memories, so when the finished product came back we would plead and beg until my Dad hauled out the giant 8 mm movie projector and set up the big screen for the grand unveiling. Each movie was only a few minutes long, and I would dread the telltale white spots that would herald the end of the show.
We would all cry and complain as the movie finished, and there would be no peace for my Dad until he agreed to play all the old ones, too. Eventually, probably in self-defense, he bought an editing machine so that he could splice all of these 5 minute movies together into a few epic features, using my little stamp set to make the titles. Of course I had lost some of the letters, most notably the 'E', so he had to improvise by carefully using the 'F' upside down to add the bottom leg. Occasionally he would shoot a few frames before noticing that he'd not fixed an 'E' and we would all giggle with delight to see the bottom leg of the 'E' magically appear in the resulting movies.
From toddler to teenager there was one common thread in these movies for me – my atrocious hair. A chronic victim of bed-head since birth (there – I've admitted it), there isn't a single one of these Christmas morning videos in which I've got my hair under control. Hair appeared as a common theme for my Mom as well, but this was something we only noticed once Dad spliced all the movies together. My Mom had different hair colors in each of them – sometimes she would be a blond, sometimes a brunette, occasionally a flaming bright redhead. Until we saw these changes all grouped together in rapid sequence, we hadn't really noticed.
I've been thinking a lot about those old movies myself lately as I look into the mirror – you see, I am undergoing rapid hair colour changes myself these days. My hair turned nearly white in my early 30s (strangely coincident with the timing of my PhD) – and though I accepted it for a while, I reached the end of my endurance at 38, when I took my parents to WallMart on seniors day and got offered the discount by a woman at least 10 years older than me!
So I've been coloring my hair since my late 30s – with mixed and varied success and strangeness. The first experiment involved a trainee at the hairdresser's – always a scary prospect. One of them – the hairdresser or her student apprentice – screwed up the recipe and, as they rinsed the dye from my hair, they uttered an "Oh!" in unison. My hair ended up jet black! I have always loved seeing the reactions of people to my sudden hair changes – this switch from near white to jet black caused women's eyes to bulge and men's Adam's apples to jiggle up and down like gobbling turkeys. After that (expensive) disaster, I tried colouring it myself for a while but, as you can see below, that led to considerable inconsistency. For the past 10 years or so, I've been shelling out $60 to $80 every three weeks to get something closer to my 'natural' hair colour.
However, now that I'm about to become a 'junior-senior' (i.e. I'll be turning 55 soon) and I have the wrinkles to prove it – I'm ready to start cashing in on those seniors' discounts. So I've decided to finally grow up and go gray – a transition that was supposed to pass from brown through blond – however, it's been more like varying shades of orange – something I've seen far too much of since the experiments began almost 20 years ago. Frankly I can't wait for gray now – I'm sick of having orange hair! So stay tuned to see the last picture in the series!
Between the seniors' discounts and the small fortune I'll be saving at the hairdresser's – I might even be able to afford to retire someday – that's at least a bit of consolation for getting old!
This entry was posted in Random Thoughts and tagged aging, Daily life, hair color, humor, seniors, Thoughts, Writing. Bookmark the permalink.
11 Responses to Time for me to grow up!
I remember being in those films too! My eyes hurt when I saw the picture of you walking into the room with your eyes covered. There are a lot of pictures like that of me when I was little. My Dad was a great photographer too. We also had slide shows!
I have not heard of "junior-senior." Interesting concept. Something to look forward to, I guess.
I will be very disappointed if there is no splash of pink!
Ha ha – yes it does – such a sudden change.


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Oops forgot to include fonts for ep 12. You can pick up most of Doki's common fonts here. Just extract, select all, right click and click install. Now fixed in new batch.
This completes Ladies versus Butlers!
Episode 4 (All): Fixed a typo. Patchable.
Episode 8 (All): Fixed kara. Patchable.
Episode 12 (All): Added fonts. Patchable.
Special 5 (All): Added fonts. Patchable.
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A little late to the BD party on this.
A batch for archiving purposes.


text:
package edu.utah.ece.async.lema.verification.platu.platuLpn;

/**
 *
 *
 * @author
 * @author Chris Myers
 * @author <a href="http://www.async.ece.utah.edu/ibiosim#Credits"> iBioSim Contributors </a>
 * @version %I%
 */
public enum VarType {
    INPUT, OUTPUT, INTERNAL, GLOBAL
}


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How to buy extrication tools (eBook)
Who are street medics?
We have all seen the videos of street medics tending to civil unrest injuries, but do they have any legal protection, recognition or certified skills?
In this current era of civil disorder, the medic on the truck staging around the block isn't the only "medic" in the vicinity. Recent protests and demonstrations have all involved "street medics," identifying themselves with their duct tape red crosses as part of the organization of the protests. We have all seen the YouTube videos of administering a tourniquet for a scratch to the leg, or dispensing supermarket milk in the treatment of tear gas, but who are these street medics? What do they do, and importantly, do they have any legal protection, recognition or certified skills?
It turns out that the existence of street medics in support of those exercising their amendment rights is not new and goes back to the civil rights movement. Many resources chart their history, training and motivation. This is a very emotive subject for EMS as the term "medic" alone conjures up an expectation of qualification, certification and experience. It is also a point of annoyance to some in EMS that street medics are even present and taking part in highly volatile events.
But as a scholar of all things EMS, I wish to understand how street medics operate and what they undertake to deliver. The old soldier in me demands that I am also familiar with their doctrine, tactics, techniques and procedures.
A street preacher, center, is tended to by volunteer medics after he was sprayed with a chemical irritant after he climbed a baseball backstop at Cal Anderson Park, Saturday, June 20, 2020, in the Capitol Hill Occupied Protest zone in Seattle. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)
Street medics came into the spotlight recently after a lawsuit in Portland, Oregon, in which representative plaintiffs sought a temporary restraining order (TRO) to protect them from arrest, having physical force used against them, being dispersed, having their equipment seized, or being ordered to move or to stop treating an individual. The request, similar in structure to the Geneva Convention, provides that "medical and hospital personnel shall be respected and protected." Before we arrive at the ruling on this case, it is worth understanding street medics a little deeper.
What is a street medic?
In the words of the various street medics' own publications, street medics, or action medics, are volunteers with a minimum of first aid medical training supplemented by specific protest-related training, who attend protests and demonstrations as support or mutual aid roles to provide medical and wellness care. Unlike EMTs or paramedics, who have undergone education for professional medical care, street medics usually operate under Good Samaritan laws and use methods learned through specific protest-medicine training programs that individuals are required to undertake to be recognized as a trained street medic.
Street medic training and equipment
To better understand street medic training, I reviewed a Do No Harm Coalition (a street medic group formed in 2016 in San Francisco) video class, "Street Medic - Bridge Training for Medical Professionals" on YouTube. The curriculum – aimed at existing clinical professionals considering joining in with protest coverage – explained a wide range of topics, from preparation for street medicine and situational awareness, to riot injury patterns, self-care, and "police violence as a public health threat." The class stressed the importance of operating in a buddy system and never becoming separated, as well as writing the legal aid number with a sharpie on the body in case of arrest.
The video provided guidance on what to wear, including helmets, running shoes and backpacks containing snacks and water. Other essential equipment also included heat-resistant gloves to move tear gas canisters as well as loose change for the subway. Medical students were invited to show up carrying extra masks and gloves to share because of the COVID-19 threat – no indication was given of where this equipment was to be sourced from.
Instructors were clear that despite the certification of clinicians volunteering to serve, that use of BLS skills only should be employed on the ground. The instructor advised that he "strongly advised refraining from doing the thing you may know how to do in the streets" and went on to note, "you don't need to be going to trach anyone or put a chest tube in - we are not there yet." For non-clinical volunteers, a 20-hour basic class is conducted which includes comprehensive coverage of BLS interventions as well as an understanding of mental, behavioral health and peer support issues.
What the Street Medics say about EMS
The street medics training video included comments about public safety EMS which were perhaps fair – we do have to follow the IAP and stage as required as scene safety and provider protection are major considerations in our own EMS delivery doctrine. The instructor asked the class to "think of the last time you saw an ambulance there attending to wounded people subjected to chemical weapons and kinetic injuries." They observed that EMS comes to the scene later. This reinforced the rationale for street medicine being in place to temporize, stabilize and treat until the patient can get to a higher level of care.
Street medics and lawful orders: The verdict
Returning to the case of Wise, Martinez, Durkee, and Guest (the medics/plaintiffs) vs. the City of Portland, in a 23-page ruling, District Judge Karin J. Immergut denied the motion and concluded that in so ruling, the medics had no unique status under the First Amendment that allows them to disregard lawful orders. "This court does not seek to diminish or devalue the efforts of the protest medics in keeping others safe, nor does this court question the protest medics' right to continue engaging in the protests and offering medical support to protesters. Like ordinary protesters, however, the protest medics must abide by lawful police orders," the ruling stated. The ruling also found that, "in many of the incidents of alleged targeting described, the protest medics were not in the act of providing medical aid."
Good Samaritans?
To offer a balanced view of this topic, I realize that we in the uniformed services delivering EMS, have never, to my knowledge been requested or volunteered to provide medical standby for a protesting organization. By virtue of that fact, we have been, for the most part, in the second echelon of the scene, awaiting clearance and call forward to the incident to render care. On the other side of the divide, shields and barriers, groups have formed, sympathetic to the demonstration and demonstrator, to offer some degree of response and care voluntarily. These individuals, no matter what we think, are acting as Good Samaritans and as such enjoy protections for those administering aid. They are, however, citizens, and currently appear to have no exemption from lawful orders.
On the question of competency to practice, or delivering EMS without a license, I can find no opinion to outlaw or question this. Similarly, I can find no evidence of certified clinicians who have served as street medics being disciplined or de-registered either. Nor can I find any examples of an injured protester litigating against a street medic for an act of gross negligence.
In the final analysis, street medics are out there on the other side of the line, doing what they are legally allowed to do, and perhaps we should not be concerned unless it directly affects our practice or stops us from delivering certified and authorized care on the scene.
Street Medics: EMS ONE-STOP WITH ROB LAWRENCE
For an audio version of this article, listen below.
Scene safety and responding to civil unrest
Six takeaways from the USFA, NHTSA best practices to protect fire and EMS providers responding to incidents of civil unrest
Fire-based EMS
Tactical Medic
Nearly half of N.Y. FD takes leave in protest over new chief's leadership
DC Fire and EMS Department shares reflections on 1/6 anniversary
Protecting the People's House: How DC Fire & EMS helps keep the White House safe
N.Y. man charged after he allegedly hurt a FF, damaged engine during a 2020 protest
Video: Ill. FFs quit after once-convicted arsonist named fire chief
Florida firefighter pleads guilty for role in Capitol riot
More Protests News
Protests Videos
Survey results: Do firefighters support the display of thin red line flags?
Should firefighters be provided body armor for responses?
The First Amendment and social media: What firefighters need to know
More Protests Videos


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Port Tools
All Port Tools are ground between centers to ensure absolute concentricity. They are made from heat-treated alloy steel with brazed carbide inserts. They are designed to enlarge a pre-drilled hole and easily produce a complex form. Port Tools can be used for both lathe and mill applications.
These specialty tools feature the same premium submicron carbide as the rest of the product lines. They are ground on modern CNC tool-and-cutter grinders to tight tolerances and have been engineered for high performance.
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    $('#headerwrap').backstretch(imgArray, {duration: 3000, fade: 1500});

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For the past 20 years the Grant Christmas Tree Farm has been celebrating Christmas the last weekend in November and the first 2 weekends of December. Their Christmas Celebration comes with homemade, big, cat-head biscuits which are baked in an old fashion wood fired stove. These biscuits are just like Grandma used to make, then topped with syrup fresh from the mule drawn cane press at the Grant Syrup Mill. This celebration includes a petting zoo, arts and crafts, wagon ride and much more. Call 800-987-NOEL (6635) or visit www.grantchristmastreefarm.com.


Paying attention to what may seem like small tweaks can make a big difference to your on-page SEO. Learning how to write H1s for SEO falls into that category.
Why? Because if the H1 is difficult to read, doesn't make sense, or doesn't align with the content on your webpage, search engines and human readers alike are more likely to ignore the page content with which it is associated.


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echo "You are using a deprecated script. please update your build with latest changes on go-github-release"

# this is an helper
# to use into your travis file
# golang is required.
#
# to use it
# curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mh-cbon/go-bin-deb/master/setup-repository.sh \
# | GH=YOUR/REPO sh -xe

go get -u github.com/mh-cbon/go-bin-deb/go-bin-deb-utils
go-bin-deb-utils setup-repository -out="`pwd`/apt" -push -repo=$GH

# deprecated script

echo "You are using a deprecated script. please update your build with latest changes on go-github-release"