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text:
from setuptools import find_packages, setup

import versioneer

setup(
    name='qiime2',
    version=versioneer.get_version(),
    cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(),
    license='BSD-3-Clause',
    url='https://qiime2.org',
    packages=find_packages(),
    entry_points={
        'qiime2.plugins': [
            'dummy-plugin=qiime2.core.testing.plugin:dummy_plugin'
        ]
    },
    package_data={
        'qiime2.tests': ['data/*']
    },
    zip_safe=False,
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Difference Between Basic Research and Applied Research
• Categorized under Planning & Activities,Psychology,Science | Difference Between Basic Research and Applied Research
Research is commonly defined as a systematic investigation with the intent to verify facts and generate updated conclusions. Regarding its utility, research is divided into two: basic and applied. Many researchers suggest that these are closely working with each other as basic research is a platform which applied research often uses to solve real life problems. Also, basic research employs technology (which was developed by applied research) to address its objectives. Thus, these inquiries form a cycle of advancement.
Generally, applied research deals with particular topics which have direct practical relevance. On the contrary, basic research is mainly motivated by the expansion of knowledge and seek to answer questions that are not related to direct applications. The following concepts delve into such distinctions.
What is Basic Research?
Basic research is also known as fundamental or pure research since it is mainly concerned with the improvement of scientific knowledge. The purpose of basic research is simply to gather more information to further understand existing phenomena specially in the field of natural sciences. Its focus is on supporting as well as challenging assumptions which aim to explain various phenomena. Pure research looks at the "big picture" in the sense that it looks for overall factors and related postulates. Hence, fundamental research is purely theoretical as it delves into basic laws and principles.
Though the engendered ideas may not be directly applied to current situations, such conclusions from basic research are highly fundamental in enhancing future applied studies. For instance, previous studies on mathematical theories have been utilized in programming and other information technology processes.
What is Applied Research?
The purpose of applied research is to know more about a certain real-world problem and take steps to solve it. It focuses on the application of natural science principles on practical difficulties as well as enhancing innovations. Such studies are often associated with the fields of business, economics, health, and politics. For instance, a company may hire an applied researcher to look into the best way of hiring applicants and placing employees in connection with the organization's various positions.
Many applied researchers utilize the naturalistic observation method to verify existing social difficulties and then conduct experiments to ascertain solutions. However, data gathering challenges such as ethics and validity issues may arise specially when testing procedures may pose harm for humans and animals. Thus, restrictions are applied in employing the respective study procedures.
Difference between Basic and Applied Research
Purpose of Basic and Applied Research
Basic research is meant to expand one's current knowledge while applied research is aiming to solve particular life problems.
Basic research is more theoretical since it generally generates theories and explores information which may not be presently applied. It is also focused on improving current academic concepts. On the other hand, applied research is more practical and descriptive in nature as it seeks to alleviate current problems in various fields and is mostly concerned with end-usage.
The scope of basic research is often universal as it may bae applied to diverse concepts. However, applied research is largely particular as it is focused on very specific topics which seek to answer certain problems.
As compared to basic research, applied research is more often linked with the improvement of technology as it covers the direct application of knowledge.
While basic research aims to predict future phenomena, applied research seeks to prevent predicted problems or come with solutions for future challenges. The former deals with knowing what could happen while the latter goes beyond by coming up with probable actions.
Basic research is driven by curiosity while applied research is driven by clients as the former is conducted to understand fundamental concepts while the latter is done to help solve individuals' or groups' problems.
Commercial Objectives
As compared to basic research, applied research is closely associated with commercial processes since it aims to create relevant products and services.
As compared to basic research, applied research is more closely connected with the development of economy as numerous surveys, experiments, and case studies are conducted to verify the efficacy of products, market strategies, and other economically related procedures.
As compared to applied research, basic researches more often appear in academic publications as they delve into generating new knowledge.
Basic research occurs in a sterile or highly-controlled environment such as laboratories. Conversely, applied research mainly takes place in real world settings where other unexpected variables may intervene.
Basic vs Applied Research: Comparison Chart
Summary of Basic and Applied Research
As to purpose, research is generally divided into two: basic and applied.
Basic research can provide valuable information that applied research can use.
Such inquiries form a cycle of advancement.
Basic research is also known as fundamental or pure research since it is mainly concerned with the improvement of scientific knowledge.
The purpose of applied research is to know more about a certain real-world problem and take steps to solve it.
Basic research is theoretical in nature while applied research is practical; hence, it is associated with technology.
As compared to applied research, basic research has a wider scope.
While basic research predicts future phenomena, applied research creates solutions or preventions for probable problems.
Basic research is curiosity-driven while applied research is client-driven.
As compared to basic research, applied research is more closely associated with economically related objectives.
Basic research mostly appears in academic publications.
While basic research takes place in a sterile environment, applied research is often conducted in messy real-world settings.
gene balinggan
Gene Balinggan is a Registered Psychologist, licensed professional teacher, and a freelance academic and creative writer. She has been teaching social science courses both in the undergrad and graduate levels. Some of the major subjects which she is handling are Theories of Personality, Experimental Psychology, Historical Foundations of Psychology, and Abnormal Psychology.She co-authored a manual in General Psychology and a textbook, "Understanding the Self". She is also currently the Psychology-Behavioral Science Society adviser in their university. Gene has also been a research adviser and panel member in a number of psychology and special education paper presentations. Her certifications include TESOL (Tampa, Florida), Psychiatric Ward Practicum Certification (Baguio General Hospital), Outcome-Based Education, and Marker of Diploma Courses (Community Training Australia). She finished her BS Psychology at Saint Louis University and her MAT Special Education and MA Psychology at the University of the Cordilleras.
Latest posts by gene balinggan (see all)
Difference Between Self-Concept and Self-Esteem - January 17, 2020
Difference Between Horizontal and Vertical Relationships - January 16, 2020
Difference Between Social Learning Theory and Operant Conditioning - January 15, 2020
The Differences Between Research Methods and Research Methodology
Difference Between Primary and Secondary Research
Difference Between Subject Matter and Content
Difference Between Study and Experiment
Difference Between Knowledge and Skill
Difference Between Masters in Computer Science and Masters in Information Technology
Difference Between Science and Philosophy
gene balinggan. "Difference Between Basic Research and Applied Research." DifferenceBetween.net. May 22, 2018 < http://www.differencebetween.net/science/difference-between-basic-research-and-applied-research/ >.
information helped a great deal… thank you.
The Summary says: Basic research mostly appears in academic publications.
The chart inverted the information.
Rashed
Helps a lot….thnaks.
Written by : gene balinggan. and updated on May 22, 2018
[0]Corbin, Juliet and Strauss, Anselm. Basics of Qualitative Research. Los Angeles: Sage, 2015. Print.
[1]Gliner, Jeffrey , Morgan, George, and Leech, Nancy. Research Methods in Applied Settings. New York: Routledge, 2016. Print.
[2]Turabian, Kate. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013. Print.
[3]Image credit: https://www.flickr.com/photos/myelinrepairfoundation/4154147366
[4]Image credit: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Research_process_%28Based_on_Reeve%2C_2009%2C_Figure_1.1%29.png
See more about : Applied Research, Basic Research
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Ofoten (fornnorska Ófóti eller Ófótr), distrikt kring den 76 km långa Ofotfjorden och dennas många förgreningar i Salten, nordligaste delen av Nordland fylke i Norge.

Ursprungligen hette endast själva fjorden Ofoten, senare användes namnet om omnejden. Ofotfjorden bildar nordöstra fortsättningen av Vestfjorden; gränsen går över den 13,3 km² stora Barø, som delar fjorden i två sund fyllda av skär. Ofoten, som omfattar häradena Evenes, Ankenes och en del av Lødingen, utgör 3 036,16 km².

Inre, östra, bredaste delen av Ofoten med fjordarmarna Skjomen, Beisfjorden och Rombaken, tillhör Nordlands mest storartade trakter med ända upp till 1 600 m höga fjäll (Kongsbaktind vid Skjomen 1 576 m), som stiger brant upp från de trånga fjordarna. Ofoten har åtskilliga järnfyndigheter (Håfjeldet i söder, Bogen i norr) och kopparfyndigheter (Melkedalen mellan Tysfjorden och svenska gränsen). På halvön mellan Beisfjorden och Rombaken ligger staden Narvik, vid innersta viken av Herjangen, Ofotfjordens nordligaste utlöpare, Elvegårdsmoen, Norra Hålogalands regementes exercisplats.

Källor

Landskap i Norge

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Competition. There, he studied under renowned international opera singer Michael Rippon.
Anthony, Angelo Marenzi, Loh Siew Tuan and Maurizio Colacicchi, leaving a deep impression on them.
Seng Tiang's stage repertoire is extensive, covering various oratorios and opera classics.
Budaya under the baton of Muzafar Nawi.
Bentong and 2013 in Jerantut .
of whom have made a name for themselves in the classical singing fraternity.


He could be the toughest college football player in the country. He is 25 years old. He left his home in Virginia when he was 16, mainly because his father kicked him out of the house. He has been stabbed, clubbed with a baseball bat, shot at and chased through the streets and alleys of South Central L.A., and now, living in Texas, thinks of himself as "a recluse and a hermit."
Yes, Ed Bunn is one tough football player. And don't think NFL scouts haven't been keeping tabs on him.
Everybody can use a good punter.
That's right, Ed Bunn punts. Man, does Ed Bunn punt. A senior at the University of Texas El Paso, he is the No. 2 collegiate punter in the nation, averaging 48.3 yards per kick. A couple of weeks ago, his average was as high as 52.1. His longest punt this season is 73 yards. As a junior, against New Mexico, he sent one 83 yards.
Maybe he kicks the ball out of anger. Maybe he vents his frustration that way. It certainly isn't the pressure of college football that drives Ed Bunn, who says, "Pressure is when a guy puts a 12-gauge shotgun against your head and tells you to get out of the car or he'll blow your brains out."
Not at all. Ed Bunn, in fact, comes across as remarkably well adjusted after a childhood best described as rather wild. At UTEP, his major is in English literature. His goal is to become a lawyer. This is the future he foresees in case no NFL team ends up offering him a job.
He isn't worried. As jobs go, playing football would be a piece of cake compared to his job in California. It is a job that has occupied Bunn the last couple of summers whenever he wasn't working with a construction crew. It is a job with high risk and high pay and he actually finds the danger exciting.
Ed is a repo man.
He repossesses cars. When payments are long overdue on automobiles and trucks, the Thousand Oaks firm that employs Ed sends him out to retrieve the car, by any means. First, he must track down the car. Then he has to break into it and hot-wire the engine, all of which takes him about 30 seconds. And then he has to drive off before the owners notice.
When they don't, all is well. He has earned commissions of up to $700 a night. When they do, all is hell. Once he was beaten with a golf club. After repossessing a car, he was chased at speeds up to 110 m.p.h. through South Central's streets. Fifteen bullets once tore into Bunn's tow truck, with him inside. He floored the gas pedal and got away unharmed.
It was clear to UTEP's coach, David Lee, right away that this was not your average recruit. When Lee came to recruit Bunn while he was enrolled at L.A. Valley Junior College, Bunn pulled up in his tow truck, with a repo'd car on the hook.
Life isn't easy for football coaches, either, and Lee's team began the current season by losing its first six games. UTEP has been held up to ridicule as the No. 1 team in the "Bottom Ten" ranking of the nation's worst, and only last week did things begin to look up, with a 20-13 victory at Utah.
The light in the tunnel for the Miners continues to be Bunn, whose activity on the field is often as eye-opening as that off. Although he stands 6-feet-3 and weighs 185 pounds, Bunn does not play a position and feels frustrated.
"It's tough to be on the sidelines of a losing team because you can't get into the game and do anything about it," he says.
Technically, no. Yet his punting continues to keep UTEP's situation from being worse than it is. Returning as the No. 12 punter in the nation, Bunn adopted a new style this year, switching from a three-step method and holding the ball with both hands to a two-step advance and a one-handed grip . Some scouts are stunned at how quickly Bunn gets off each kick.
He was punter and placekicker at his high school in Alexandria, Va., but it was after the game when the trouble began. Bunn drank too much and did drugs. "Kid stuff," he calls it now, not proud of himself. When his father asked him to leave, Ed threw his belongings into the trunk and drove to California, taking care of himself and accepting any kind of work.
Now, at 25, he is interested in practicing law, not in breaking it. The repo man doesn't know if any NFL team will be interested in possessing him. But punting, too, is a job, and somebody's got to do it.


B' e Pàpa Eadailteach a bha ann am Pàpa Leo XI (Laideann: Pàpa Leo P.P. XI, Firenze, 2 an t-Ògmhios 1535–Cathair na Bhatacain, 27 an Giblean 1605. Rugadh e ann am Florence is b' e Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici an t-ainm a bh' air bho thùs.. B' e nighean Lucrezia Borgia is Giacomo Salviati a bha ann a mhàthair, Francesca Salviati. Chuir an t-Àrd-diùc à Tuscany e mar thosgair do Pius V mus deach e na shagart is an sin na Easbaig Pistoia ann an 1573, na Àrd-easbaig Florence ann an 1574 is na chàirdineal.
Chaidh a thaghadh air an 1 an Giblean 1605 mar phàpa an dèidh bàs Pàpa Clemens VIII. 'S e an 232mh fear a bh'ann. Bhuineadh e do theaghlach beairteach uachdaranach à Firenze, air an robh Medici. 'S e nighean Lucrezia Medici fhèin a bh' ann a mhàthair agus bha bràthair-màthar na phàp cuideachd (Leo X). Cha do mhair e ach 27 latha mus do bhàsaich e nuair a bha e 69 bliadhna a dh'aois.
↑ 2.0 2.1 Ott, Michael (1910): "Pope Leo XI", Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Air a thogail 27mh dhen Ghiblean 2018.
Air a tharraing à "https://gd.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pàpa_Leo_XI&oldid=542406"
Chaidh an duilleag seo a dheasachadh 2 dhen Ògmhios 2018 aig 08:51 turas mu dheireadh.


A very interesting article some may find worth reading is this The plane that shrunk the world: It?s the behemoth that turned air travel into a luxury holiday ? People News Today about the Jumbo Jet and how slowly but surely its time is coming to an end. It is cheaper to send 2 aircraft across the ocean for instance. See what you think.
SHRANK. SHRANK. please! Enough mangling of the English language!


One life lesson I've taken to heart: never stop learning. EVER.
Always feed your brain and learn about new things.
If you don't, what's the point, right?
Here's a set of random facts guaranteed to boost your intelligence.


text:
JPL Presents Workshop for Small Business
Golden State Heating Up, New NASA/University Study Finds
Cassini Images Bizarre Hexagon on Saturn
Pasadena, Calif. -- An odd, six-sided, honeycomb-shaped feature circling the entire north pole of Saturn has captured the interest of scientists with NASA's Cassini mission.
NASA's Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft imaged the feature over two decades ago. The fact that it has appeared in Cassini images indicates that it is a long-lived feature. A second hexagon, significantly darker than the brighter historical feature, is also visible in the Cassini pictures. The spacecraft's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer is the first instrument to capture the entire hexagon feature in one image.
"This is a very strange feature, lying in a precise geometric fashion with six nearly equally straight sides," said Kevin Baines, atmospheric expert and member of Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. "We've never seen anything like this on any other planet. Indeed, Saturn's thick atmosphere where circularly-shaped waves and convective cells dominate is perhaps the last place you'd expect to see such a six-sided geometric figure, yet there it is."
The hexagon is similar to Earth's polar vortex, which has winds blowing in a circular pattern around the polar region. On Saturn, the vortex has a hexagonal rather than circular shape. The hexagon is nearly 25,000 kilometers (15,000 miles) across. Nearly four Earths could fit inside it.
The new images taken in thermal-infrared light show the hexagon extends much deeper down into the atmosphere than previously expected, some 100 kilometers (60 miles) below the cloud tops. A system of clouds lies within the hexagon. The clouds appear to be whipping around the hexagon like cars on a racetrack.
"It's amazing to see such striking differences on opposite ends of Saturn's poles," said Bob Brown, team leader of the Cassini visual and infrared mapping spectrometer, University of Arizona, Tucson. "At the south pole we have what appears to be a hurricane with a giant eye, and at the north pole of Saturn we have this geometric feature, which is completely different."
The Saturn north pole hexagon has not been visible to Cassini's visual cameras, because it's winter in that area, so the hexagon is under the cover of the long polar night, which lasts about 15 years. The infrared mapping spectrometer can image Saturn in both daytime and nighttime conditions and see deep inside. It imaged the feature with thermal wavelengths near 5 microns (seven times the wavelength visible to the human eye) during a 12-day period beginning on Oct. 30, 2006. As winter wanes over the next two years, the feature may become visible to the visual cameras.
Based on the new images and more information on the depth of the feature, scientists think it is not linked to Saturn's radio emissions or to auroral activity, as once contemplated, even though Saturn's northern aurora lies nearly overhead.
The hexagon appears to have remained fixed with Saturn's rotation rate and axis since first glimpsed by Voyager 26 years ago. The actual rotation rate of Saturn is still uncertain.
"Once we understand its dynamical nature, this long-lived, deep-seated polar hexagon may give us a clue to the true rotation rate of the deep atmosphere and perhaps the interior," added Baines.
The hexagon images and movie, including the north polar auroras are available at: http://www.nasa.gov/cassini and http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov and http://wwwvims.lpl.arizona.edu .
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. The Cassini orbiter was designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer team is based at the University of Arizona.
Media contact: Carolina Martinez/Jane Platt 818-354-9382/818-354-0880
+ Related image
+ Cassini site
Spinning Saturn


text:
Home Job Pinball Photo Album Automotive Contact
Hubble Servicing Mission 3B
The loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia on
February 1, 2003 fills us with a deep sadness.
Our prayers are with the family of the crew of STS-107.
This fourth mission to repair and upgrade the space telescope was on the Space Shuttle Columbia (OV-102) install the following new instruments/subsystems (roughly in order of installation):
Solar Array III with the Diode Box Controller. To ensure adequate power to run the new science instruments, new arrays will be needed. These rigid units are originally from the Iridium program, and have much higher output than the current floppy ones that roll up.
Power Control Unit. This unit controls all the power that flows from the arrays and batteries to the entire spacecraft. A fault with the existing unit uncovered a few years ago requires the replacement of the PCU. The replacement of this unit requires the power down of the entire HST, something that has not been done in space before.
Advanced Camera for Surveys. This fabulous new instrument will offer ten times the discovery factor from any other previous HST instrument.
Reaction Wheel Assembly. This sub unit provides the ability for HST to orient itself without using propellants. One of the four units experienced an anomaly several months ago, requiring its replacement at the eleventh hour.
NICMOS Cryo Cooler (with ARUBA). HST's infra-red instrument has been dark for more than two years, and this super cooler will revive it.
Other smaller items such as New Outer Blanket Layer.
Those system on which I have worked feature links above. Clicking on them affords an inside look at their development. Of all the hardware, the Cryo Cooler is the longest running one, dating back to the HOST mission in 1997. In some cases, the hardware development occurred recently, such as in the case of the ARUBA. In any case, after we dedicate much time to building the flight hardware, we transition to a phase to prepare for the Servicing Mission itself. This involves training the astronaut crew (who will work in space), and our entire team (who will work on the ground).
Preparation for the Mission
As part of this training, we have Mission Simulations (called 'sims'), and Joint Integrated Simulation (called 'jis'). In the former case, it involves mainly the staff at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), and in the latter case, it involves the entire team associated with the mission, including the astronaut crew at the Johnson Space Center (JSC), sometimes in a water tank to simulate weightlessness. During the training, we go thru each mission day, calling each day by their number. Thus, the first day is called EVA1 (for Extra Vehicular Activity #1), the next is EVA2, etc. A separate team of simulation engineers control the data we see on our screens, and prepare problems and faults for us to diagnose and repair. By working many of these 'fake' mission days, we achieve proficiency at solving problems with the HST and the Space Shuttle in real-time when the real mission is underway.
During the third mission training at the Johnson Space Center. Kevin MacAveety sits to my left.
Compare this image to this one, which was shot just before SM3A at the end of 1999.
Another look at the CSR (Customer Support Room), where we will all be located during the
Servicing Mission. This room is in the Mission Control Center, which is often seen on television
during the missions.
At the Kennedy Space Center
After we built the hardware as described above, they are transported via truck to the Kennedy Space Center and housed at the Vertical Processing Facility (VPF). The thumbnail below shows the panoramic view. For a QuickTime VR 360 degree walk-around, click below (QuickTime 3.0 or later needed, available here).
Click here for a 360 degree view with QuickTime VR (1.2MByte)
or click here for a live streaming camera of the VPF (RealPlayer).
The Space Shuttle is assembled at the 525 foot high Vehicle Assembly Building, one of the largest buildings in the world. An account of the visit is available here.
Note the many birds enjoying the updraft from the side of the building. Since Florida is very flat, this is as close to a mountain as it gets.
This picture shot by Mark Hubbard, to see how, click here.
The VAB sits at the end of a wide crawler way that is paved with river rock. This rock gets crushed to sand after just
a few trips of the crawler. To see the crawler carrying the Shuttle, click here (previous mission photo).
On January 24, there was an attempt made to roll out the STS-109 to Launch Pad 39A, but a problem
with the steering mechanism caused a postponement.
A closer shot of the External Tank and the two Solid Rocket Boosters.
The wings of the Orbiter are just visible on the sides. Note the people standing
around the left crawler treads that was the one with the problem.
Other Missions


If you're looking for the tall waterfalls, Taughannock Falls should be high on that list. It isn't even the tallest waterfall east of the Mississippi River, which is often considered a dividing line for waterfall classification. There are other waterfalls that are taller, including Upper Whitewater Falls in North Carolina. Taughannock Falls is in the tall category because it is one of the largest single plunge falls east of the Mississippi at over 200′, though one or two others may be larger.
Does that mean that Taughannock Falls is one of my favorite falls? No…It's tall, but height isn't everything. Taughannock Falls doesn't have a whole lot of complexity, which I think is what makes waterfalls interesting. The far more interesting aspect of Taughannock Falls is the amazing gorge it has carved. At some points along the hike to view the base of the falls, you're actually in a gorge that is something like 400′ above you. The rock formations are truly spectacular. It's mindblowing to think that this falls has created such an interesting gorge.
1) From Ithaca, head north on NY-89.
2) After a ways, you'll end up at Taughannock Falls State Park. There are two different parking areas here. Park in either one and pay the entrance fee.
3) Follow the 1/2 mile trail to the falls.
There is another view of the falls from above. To get to this viewpoint, continue north on NY-89 a short ways to Taughannock Park Rd. and turn left. From there, head a ways to the viewpoint, which would be on the left if you're heading west.


text:
« The Eyes (and the Teeth) Have It
Nature By The Numbers »
Filed under: Critters — Lowell Christie -- September 7, 2015 @ 12:52 pm
The coyotes have begun singing outside our window, perhaps chorusing some meaningful message or merely entertaining themselves. It is, however, the season in which the boys and girls begin to look each other over, perhaps to evaluate the other's contribution to the choir.
Also working the night shift, a pair of great horned owls pass through now and again; he hooting with a voice pitched at one level, his lady's pitched at another. The night is anything but silent, even though our nearest human neighbor is camped many sites away.
So far as we know, only man uses words to communicate his thoughts; however, even though "lower" animals lack the complex system we call language, they get their point across very well. On a superficial level there doesn't appear to be much commonality in communication among bats and bees, or among badgers and butterflies, yet these creatures actually send many of the same messages – for good reason. There is an almost universal need for understanding among creatures that establish and defend territories, attract and keep mates, bear young, and, in the case of many species, rear those youngsters until they are mature enough to survive on their own.
Animals with highly structured social systems must be able to define the role of each animal within the group. And whether they live alone or in association with others, animals must be able to warn off enemies with messages such as "Mess with me and I'll eat you for dinner," or "Don't bite into me; I taste terrible." For all these reasons, communication is as vital for those lacking language as it is for those who use words.
Let's consider first the songs, screeches, and yowls of our vocal neighbors. Dr. Eugene P. Morton of the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C., studied the sonograms (two-dimensional graphs of animal sounds) produced by many quite different animals and concluded that all verbalizations fall into three basic categories. The use of sonograms allowed him to ignore such variables as pitch and loudness (which are attributable mostly to size) and to concentrate upon similarities in vocalizations. According to Dr. Morton, the universal language among animals consists of whines, barks, and growls.
All right, so you haven't heard a goldfinch growl, but think about the broad variation of sounds in a single bird's repertoire. Contrast the light lisp of a contented gnatcatcher with the deep-throated hiss of the same bird when its territory is invaded. Consider the happy yap of a puppy and the low growl of a hostile dog. According to Dr. Morton, an animal growls when it's angry, whines when it's frightened or friendly, and barks when its interest is aroused – and it doesn't matter whether the animal in question wears scales, feathers, or fur. So dependable is this pattern that it would be theoretically possible to read a sonogram and decipher an animal's state of mind.
We can do pretty much the same thing simply by using our ears. Before long the birds will be establishing breeding territories, a task that requires much verbalization. First the male must select a desirable site; then he must defend it against all comers. Scientists speculate that vocalizations developed as a way for animals to protect themselves, establish territories, and attract mates without having to wear themselves out in combat (which is so costly in food-gathering terms). A song is worth a thousand blows.
Poets would lead us to believe that the cardinal singing "What cheer, what cheer" just outside our window is caroling to his lady love, but scientists have decided differently. They insist that the songster is simply defending his property rights. It seems that the lady cardinal (or blackbird, or wren) is more impressed by the quality of a male's territory than by the quality of his song. The business uppermost in her mind is building a nest, followed by egg laying and chick rearing.
First and foremost she wants a male who has a large territory containing plenty of food. Of course, if it's such a desirable location, less fortunate males would like to usurp just a bush or two or the edge of a pond. The resident male is kept busy flying around the boundaries of his property, singing from this perch and that, so as to reinforce his claim against all who contest it. It's enough to wear one's feathers to a frazzle.
As the mating season winds down, so do most birds' ties to their territories. The singing season ends by late summer; by that time we notice fewer and less highly developed vocalizations, and many of them sound downright off-key. (That's the next generation tuning up their instruments.) Young males aren't born musicians; they learn their distinct songs by imitating their elders. Unfortunately, their early efforts are equivalent to the virgin notes of a music student scratching the strings of a violin. But the young birds keep practicing until they get it right.
Most birds direct their songs strictly to birds of their own species, but the same is not true of other avian vocalizations. Walk into the woods and make sibilant "pishes" or squeaky kissing noises on the back of your hand and you'll find yourself the center of attention as birds pop out of the bushes making alarm calls. Often birds of several species respond to each others' concern. Birders soon learn to make a broad variety of hisses and squeals to draw birds in for identification, but those with good manners remember that such disruptions should not be continued for long, since the birds might be better employed elsewhere.
Birds aren't the only animals that sing, of course. The aforementioned coyotes do their thing sporadically all year long. Howling among canids has been studied, but zoologists still aren't certain that they understand the meaning of these vocalizations. We're sure that our dog did.
During an early morning hike across the desert, we heard a coyote howl some distance to our right. Moments later, a reply came from over on our left. Now, coyote choirs are no novelty to our dog, but in this case she received a hostile message. She stopped, muttered uneasily for a minute or so, and then turned around and headed for home. No matter how much we encouraged her to continue, she refused to budge. And when a 60-pound Doberman tells us that we're going home, we go.
The music of coyotes carries for quite some distance, so when one of them sounds as though it's tuning up right outside your window, more than likely it's some ways away. The voices of some other species of mammals carry for tens, if not hundreds, of miles.
Whales "sing" to each other in highpitched, electronic-sounding voices that carry widely through the ocean. Perhaps it was this knowledge, or the increasing likelihood that these magnificent beasts could be hunted to extinction, or perhaps the haunting quality of a whale's song that lured jazz saxophonist Paul Winter out onto the ocean to play jazz for the whales over underwater microphones.
Somehow, playing concerts for whales evolved into a whale/human collaboration. Recently we heard whale music – a melancholy blend of whale voices interwoven through the wistful notes of a flute – playing on the radio. Perhaps we cannot really talk to the animals or understand what they say in reply, but at a deeper level, communication does take place. We hear eloquent signals of the value of all creatures in this world of ours.
FMC388
Comments Off on Animal Communication


This title is missleading the linked page and the blog with metrics on this say nothing about multhreading and instead focus on network IO performance.
From the blog "Today, we are announcing dynamic network processing to improve I/O request processing within Amazon ElastiCache for Redis 5.0.3"
It of course doesn't help that they call their fork/implementation of Redis "ElastiCache for Redis".
They're claiming an 87% increase in throughput - what exactly could they have changed to achieve that? If it's a Linux/hardware thing, all EC2 instances would be claiming this. What can you possibly change outside of Redis that would suddenly give a huge speed bump to Redis?
I don't understand how, though? Is this a feature in normal Redis that's been available for highly parallel machines or has AWS forked Redis as well?
Redis is single threaded, there are a few forks available making it multi threaded but those never gained much traction.
Like this fork. Amazon either uses this one or have made their own fork.
Ah, thanks. Didn't remember that that project was called. Would be interesting if AWS just decided to move their entire Redis installations to a non standard distribution.


'successful' or 'brilliant,' but 'faithful,' and both alike get it.
higher a man climbed, the wider would be the horizon of his labour.
superintendence of a larger business.
pleasures,' and the lord and the servant drink from the same cup.
III. The excuse and punishment of the indolent servant.
requiring obedience, which, therefore, it does _not_ give!
never carried back to Him unspoiled.
not need active opposition to pull down destruction on one's head.
like lead. Doing nothing is enough for ruin.
ourselves, let us seek strength and safety in numbers.
and hid thy talent in the earth.'-MATT. xxv. 24, 25.
thoughts which had guided his life and caused his unfaithfulness.
mightily upon us because, for the most part, they work in the dark.
cause of the refusal to serve Him.
rise in a heart which has no delight in Him nor in His service.
God is, many of us would acknowledge that it is something like that.
perpetual acts of beneficence. He never reaps where He has not sown.
His great farm. He never asks where He has not given.
would not tell thee, for the cattle upon a thousand hills are Mine.
that we may be blessed.
the revelation of the giving God.
love that casts out the fear.
follow his thoughts, and his thoughts ought to shape his emotions.
you get it at Christ's Cross?
were beginning to push their heads into the light shrink back again.
hungred, and fed Thee? or thirsty, and gave Thee drink?
not to one of the least of these, ye did it not to Me.
but the righteous into life eternal.'--MATT. xxv. 31-46.
expected in even Christ's revelation of so unparalleled a scene.
'on the throne of His glory,' as He now sat on the rocks of Olivet.
and that all the grounds of judgment are not meant to be set forth.
inconceivable. Many a man has a hundred vices and yet a soft heart.
whatsoever kind of person done, regarded by Him as done to Himself?
of cold water to one of these little ones,' because they are His.
heathenism yearning toward the light, like plants grown in the dark.
a tree which grows far from its banks.
wound it has inflicted on them.
to suggest that the one condition is more terminable than the other.
argue about 'the terror of the Lord' till they cease to feel it.
the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon Me.
ointment on My body, she did it for My burial.
opportunity to betray Him.'--MATT. xxvi. 6-16.
John tells us that the 'woman' was Mary, and the objector Judas.
her most precious possession, and lavish it on His head and feet.
charged with imprudence, waste, and unfeeling neglect of the poor.
is its motive, and the perfect motive is love to Jesus.
benevolent than she was. They were utilitarians, she was wasteful.
ointment had come into his hands, where some of it would have stuck.
beside the cups that held cold water which slaked some thirsty lips.
to the Lover of souls, is not merely excused, but praised, by Jesus.
Jesus' last word gives perpetuity to the service which He accepts.
smells sweet and blossoms for evermore.
Thou that we prepare for Thee to eat the passover?
will keep the passover at thy house with My disciples.
when I drink it new with you in My Father's kingdom.
the Mount of Olives.'--MATT. xxvi. 17-30.
them opportunely, and they leave it to him to give the signal.
carrying out his purpose till after the celebration.
accepts the peril and the honour. His message is royal in its tone.
hands, has vanished, and the hands are dust; but both are immortal.
his door for Him to enter in and sup.
to the memorial character of the observance, but both are implied.
can receive Christ into our hearts, and nourish our lives on Him.
truth which, stated in words, is the doctrine of His atoning death?
ourselves, even whilst we sorrow.
which betrayed Him, answered and said, Master, is it I?
He said unto him, Thou hast said.'-MATT. xxvi. 22, 25.
who is it?'--JOHN xiii. 25.
Himself, and the second place being at His right, or below Himself.
and only gives us the third.
would not meet His words with a contradiction, but with a question.
word or two about each of these.
our hearts ought to teach every one of us.
begin with, that all sins are at bottom but varying forms of one root.
is the definition of it--living to myself instead of living to God.
animal passion; Judas betrayed Christ because he was fond of money.
mark, and at last the tide may wash over what was solid land.
present circumstances; it may not have for you to-day; but, oh!
brother's evils which may easily become ours.
unshaken by the clearest knowledge that it is evil.
than the hypocrisy and sleek simulation of friendship in his face.
the Master's face, and keep the fixed purpose steady.
be a wrong thing, is a condition to which all evil steadily tends.
conquered by manifest iniquity:--'Who can understand his errors?
peaceful confidence that comes from communion with Jesus Christ.
and to a man who was encompassed by that, treachery was impossible.
more we shall distrust our own ability and our own faithfulness.
past virtue and self-sacrifice, are any guarantees for to-morrow.
own past. Trust only in Jesus Christ.
power, both now and for ever.' Amen.
the remission of sins'--MATT. xxvi. 27, 28.
teaching. That silence may be accounted for by sufficient reasons.
Christ founded the Lord's Supper.
He would imprint for ever on the memory of the world.
as by the blood of the sacrifice, is secured the remission of sins.
Jesus Christ seals to the world the infinite mercy of God.
binds them to the fulfilment of the condition which belongs to them.
the all-sufficient God to you?
II. Still further, this cup speaks to us of the forgiveness of sins.
and by which forgiveness came to us all.
impossible that sin should be remitted.
without whose death pardon is impossible, has died for us all.
IV. And lastly, it speaks of a festal gladness.
where there ought to be joy and the voice of rejoicing.
of the time when we shall sit at His table in His kingdom.
satisfaction of all desires in the 'upper room' of the heavens.
with Him and His servants who loved Him at that table and be glad.
attitude, and the large blessed truths that emerge if we consider that.
Communion as a memorial prophecy, or prophetic remembrance.
shines in the dark heralds the day and its own extinction.
Lamb,' and its own cessation.
which Christian men here exercise and possess.
into complete and real union in eternal bliss.
these two things, then, always together, the memory and the hope.
which the happy pilgrims may travel and enter into rest.
future which is suggested by our text.
as to spiritual blessedness yonder.
way of coming to some prophetic vision of that great future.
and shall want only what he ought.
But besides satisfaction and society the figure suggests repose.
cares which helped us to it are dead and buried and forgotten.
obedience, the receptiveness, the society of His redeemed children.
with us the 'new wine' in the Father's kingdom.
away from Me, except I drink it, Thy will be done.
again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.
he is at hand that doth betray Me.'--MATT. xxvi. 36-46.


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Our Open Source mORMot framework is now available in revision 1.16.
A lot of bug fixes and enhancements, mainly from users requests - thanks you all for your feedback, patches and ideas!
Thanks to its features, mORMot is now able to provide a stand-alone Domain-Driven Design framework for Delphi.
Quite a long and nice road for a little mORMot, and more to come!
There were a lot of changes in this release!
You can go down directly to the download and forum links, if you want to.
SQLite3UILogin.pas - some common User Interface functions and dialogs.
New sbtBeforeWrite step available (e.g. to safely update indexes).
Add premilinary Windows 8 operating system detection (as wEight/wEightServer).
New THttpServerGeneric.OnHttpThreadTerminate event, available to clean-up any process in the thread context, when it is terminated (to call e.g. TSQLDBConnectionPropertiesThreadSafe.EndCurrentThread in order to call CoUnInitialize from thread in which CoInitialize was initialy made) - see http://synopse.info/fossil/tktview?name=213544b2f5.
Added pure pascal version (for XE2 64 compilation) of all algorithms.
Fixed issue in TSQLDBConnection.GetServerTimeStamp method.
First public release, corresponding to mORMot Framework 1.16.
Fixed issue when using transactions methods with Oracle.
New TSQLDBSQLite3ConnectionProperties.UseMormotCollations property to allow SQL table creation statement with or without the mORMot collations.
Fixed TLockModeOption definition by adding a TLockModeOptions set - see ticket b5a31dd269.
Fixed potential GPF issue in Hash32() function.
Add some reference to http://synopse.info/fossil/tktview?name=213544b2f5 in case of wrong implementation of multi-thread connection (within the THttpServerGeneric mORMot server, for instance).
Fixed a potential GPF issue in function HashOf() in PUREPASCAL mode (used to reuse any existing bitmap content within the PDF document).
Enhanced SynLZ tests (comparing asm and pas versions of the implementation).
Engine is now compiled including tracing within the FTS3 extension - added sqlite3_trace() function prototype to register your own tracing callback.
Some aesthetical rendering changes and code clean-up (e.g. no temporary form necessary), thanks to uligerhardt proposals.
TZipWrite.AddDeflated(const aFileName) method will use streaming instead of in-memory compression (will handle huge files much efficiently, e.g. log files as for EventArchiveZip).
Updated TSQLRestServerTest published methods to use the new parameter layout using "var aParams: TSQLRestServerCallBackParams".
Circumvent some bugs of Delphi XE2 background compiler (main compiler is OK).
TSQLRestServerStaticExternal.EngineList method now handles an optional integer pointer, to return the count of row data (excluding field names).
Fixed unnecessary dual URL signing (when authentication actived).
Regression tests are now extracted from this unit, in order to allow construction of a TSQLite3HTTPServer instance without the need of linking the SQLite3 engine to the executable.
Now Iso2S() - i.e. overriden i18nDateText global function pointer - will handle a date-only or time-only supplied value as expected.
New TGdiPages.RenderGraphic method (accepting both TBitmap and TMetaFile).
All mORMot tests are now implemented in this separated unit: this is requested by bugs in the Delphi XE2 background compilers: main compiler was OK with our code (i.e. it compiles into .exe and run as expected), but background IDE compilers (used e.g. for syntax checking) was not able to compile the tests within the main .dpr source code.
Code refactoring after Leander007 proposals for better compatibility - see http://synopse.info/forum/viewtopic.php?id=584.
Includes new TSynAnsiConvert classes for handling Ansi charsets.
Moved OnComponentCreated event call after all component initialization (allow adding paired components on purpose).
InputBox function will now focus the input field component by default.
Do not forget to get and read the full reference documentation available there (mainly the "SAD" - Software Architecture Design - document).
Feedback and questions are welcome in our forum, just as usual.


A survey of 1 Corinthians – a letter to a divided church – of which modern comparisons abound.
Is Christ divided? Assuredly not. Not so the church organisations that "represent" those called into the undivided spiritual body of Christ.


text:
Gonos o Gono (en latín, Gonni o Gonnus; en griego, Γόννος o Γόννοι) fue una antigua ciudad del distrito de Perrebia, en Tesalia. Quizá su nombre esté relacionado con Guneo, mencionado en la Ilíada.

Era una de las ciudades principales del norte de Tesalia, y estaba situada al norte del río Peneo, cerca de los dos únicos pasos que permitían la entrada en Tesalia desde el norte (Valle de Tempe y Paso del Olimpo). Por este paso del Olimpo situado junto a Gonos entró Jerjes I de Persia a Tesalia.

Después de la batalla de Cinoscéfalas (197 a. C.) Filipo V de Macedonia huyó a Tempe, pero se paró un día en Gonos para esperar a las tropas que habían sobrevivido.

En la guerra de Roma contra el seléucida Antíoco III Megas, este último salió de Demetríade y llegó a Larisa de Tesalia mientras una parte del ejército romano dirigido por Apio Claudio Pulcro cruzó el paso del Olimpo y llegó a Gonos, donde estableció un gran campamento de mayores dimensiones de las requeridas con el fin de amedrentar a las tropas de Antígono. Quizá debido a este ardid o quizá por la próxima llegada del invierno, Antígono se retiró de nuevo hasta Demetríade.

En 171 a. C. Gonos fue fortificada por Perseo de Macedonia, y cuando inició su retirada el cónsul romano Licinio avanzó hacia Gonos, pero la consideró demasiado difícil de conquistar.

Ya no volvió a ser un centro relevante, pero subsistió como ciudad durante la dominación romana. Desapareció durante el Imperio bizantino, y en el siglo XI, en el lugar de la antigua ciudad se fundó Lykostomion.

Leake establece el lugar de la antigua Gonos en Lykóstomo (Boca del Lobo) en el valle de Dereli, al pie del monte Olimpo, y a menos de 2 km del río Peneo. Allí se hallan algunas ruinas de una antigua ciudad, en parte helénicas y en parte de otras épocas.

Referencias

Ciudades de la antigua Tesalia


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text:
INTERVIEW: We know the plan to denigrate ex-Governor, Sheriff – Bwala
Home » Interview » INTERVIEW: We know the plan to denigrate ex-Governor, Sheriff – Bwala
Maina Maina
Former Commissioner for Information in Borno state, Inuwa Bwala in this interview with DailyPost reveals the story of an alleged plot to denigrate Ali Modu Sheriff, by linking him with Boko Haram. Maina Maina sent in exercept:
You have rarely spoken since your unceremonious exit as Commissioner recently. How is life outside office?
Laughs…As you may be aware, I have been in and out of political office since 2001 .Getting into or leaving office is not a new thing to me. Above this, I have an attitude to public office by always getting prepared to leave the moment I get appointed into it. I foresaw my sack long before it came, and was prepared for it. It may sound denigrating the way it was announced, as if I committed one heinous offence, but those who knew what was going on will agree with me that the word 'sack' was even mild, as they could have used harsher words to announce my exit. I have since put that behind me and I am pursuing other endeavors. As you can see, I look even fresher than when I was in office and I give God the glory.
When you handed over, you were reported to have said you nursed no ill wills, but recently you were involved in altercations with officials of the state government, what went wrong?
I have restrained myself from doing certain things or saying some things. Even though, I think I have been sufficiently provoked, I know it is a great disservice to this country and to Borno state for some of us to continue keeping quiet when we know we ought to be spilling the beans, so to say. I know enough about the state, the government and individual characters in government to write volumes and at the appropriate time. Some of us will answer our names for certain things that went wrong under our watchful eyes. They talk about a newspaper I founded, alleging that I have been using it to expose certain things. The question is not about using my medium to reveal issues, I think we should be talking about whether the things reported were true or not. I will not deny NationalTRAIL as my own newspaper and I do not need anybody to tell me its editorial direction. Those who own newspapers and do not use it to advance their interests either do not know what they wanted or under estimate the powers of the media. If the paper is in a position to obtain reports that are in overbidding public interest when reported, so be it.
What is happening between your two former bosses, Ali Modu Sheriff and Kashim Shettima?
I don't think you have the space to capture the full story, but in a nutshell, I think Governor Shettima is being ungrateful, and most uncharitable to his mentor and political godfather, Ali Modu Sheriff. In his seeming desperation for a second term, he felt he needed to build his political machinery, and in doing so, he has to poach from Sheriff. In poaching, he feels his benefactor must first test the dust. He surrounded himself with cheer mongers who urged him on to fight his boss and the rest is now history.Some of us have tried making peace between them in the past, but like the pig, Shettima goes back to the mud and attempts to undo his boss. From the start, he always made us understand that having left Government, Sheriff was on his own, and those of us who served under him do not owe him any further loyalty or service. He gave me the impression that with the resources available to Government, we can join forces against Ali Sheriff and push him into political oblivion. At every point, Kashim Shettima was planning to rubbish his benefactor. He started lavishing money on people, forgetting that politics transcends money.I cannot remember one incident at which sheriff showed signs of fighting back.
What specific things did Shettima do that showed he was fighting his boss?
From the early days of Governor Shettima's administration, there have been plans to destroy Sheriff. This is evident from Shettima's romance with people who are believed to have one axe or the other to grind Sheriff in his government. He recruited habitual mischief makers to man strategic interests in Government. I can give you two instances that affect me directly and you will understand what I am saying. Governor Shettima personally called me and told me that I should never defend Ali Sheriff in the media any time he was attacked, especially on allegations linking him with Boko Haram. He mentioned it that he expected me to rather coordinate media propaganda, defending his own positions, outside the normal schedules and N10 million was provided initially for some time and later stopped when I showed signs of reluctance. Several attempts have been made to convince me that I will be better off if I join the forces against Sheriff. Unfortunately, the only issue they said we would use against Sheriff was to orchestrate his alleged connection with Boko Haram. But then, I knew, just like everyone of us in Government knew that Sheriff had nothing to do with Boko Haram. I find it conflicting for the Governor to say Boko Haram started more than 25 years ago, long before Sheriff became governor, only to go behind and push us to link the man as the initiator of the Boko Haram. In a rather curious development, provisions for funds were made for the office of the S A Media in the 2014 budget to the tune of N200 million, ostensibly for this job that I refused to allow my Ministry's votes to be charged for. I am aware of two senior Military Officers working in Maiduguri whom I was to work with in trying to implicate Sheriff, by the plans. I will not mention their names, but the Army authorities know them. They were to provide a security alibi, under which we were to anchor the campaigns against Sheriff. With the funds available now outside the statutory convention where the S A Media now withdraws directly without any legal vote and with me effectively out of the way, the stage seems set to continue with that plan. I was not surprised when I started seeing some advertorials with contents similar to what we were to use. From all indications, the plans to denigrate Senator Ali Modu Sheriff by linking him with Boko Haram is still on.
What is your advice on this ongoing blame game about Boko Haram?
Like I said earlier, I think there is a deliberate ploy to divert attention from the real issues at stake and from the real culprits in the Boko Haram saga. By always trying to point fingers, even when we know such may not be true, we are unnecessarily denigrating those who worked to address the issue. Look at this document, read through, it is a security report on the matter and itcompletely exonerates Sheriff from the blames. He is more a victim than a sponsor. His own blood brother was killed, not less than ten of his very close associates including the gubernatorialcandidate he produced and his likely successor have been killed. I think The Army needs to insulate its personnel from being compromised, as the two officers I told you about are being compromised. On our part, as stakeholders we must stop politicizing this very delicate matter. I am sure the moves to batter Ali Sheriff have more to do with politics than with finding solutions to the problem.
Related Topics:inuwa bwala
Inuwa Bwala: Borno PDP: A progressive reversal of fortunes
PDP crisis: Sheriff's spokesman, Inuwa Bwala resigns
Maiduguri High Court orders immediate release of Inuwa Bwala from police custody
NUJ demands immediate release of Inuwa Bwala
PDP demands immediate release of Sheriff's aide, Inuwa Bwala
National Trail laments incarceration of its publisher, Inuwa Bwala, demands his immediate release


text:
Q: Can you prefix internal ABP routes? I am using ABP v3.3 on ASP.NET Core 3.1 in a microservice environment.
We are wanting to prefix our microservice routes with the service name.
E.g, accounting service would be:
/accounting/api/invoices
/accounting/api/payments

This is fine with our own controllers as we can define the route with route attributes. E.g [Route("accounting/api/invoices")]
However for internal abp routes like
/api/abp/api-definition
where the controller is defined in the Abp module with these route attributes already applied, how do we go about adding this prefix?
I can't find anywhere in the documentation anything relating to this, except for the case of conventional controller creation which is not applicable here.
The above is to support the scenario where all microservices are behind an internal load balancer, and all /accounting routes should forward to this single service. This is troublesome currently when using IHttpClientProxy for service-to-service requests, as the /api/abp/api-definition request needs to be forwarded to the specific microservice.
The only alternative approach I have found is to set root paths for all services as http://<loadbalancer>/<servicename>, and then in each service add the line
app.UsePathBase("/accounting")
which strips the above path from the requests to enable route matching.
This however does cause additional issues with the generated Swagger docs from showing this additional route path, which can become confusing.
Any help appreciated

A: yes but not recommended because you need to replace several code parts.
for example

*

*https://github.com/abpframework/abp/blob/dev/framework/src/Volo.Abp.Http.Client/Volo/Abp/Http/Client/DynamicProxying/ApiDescriptionFinder.cs#L94

*https://github.com/abpframework/abp-samples/blob/master/MicroserviceDemo/gateways/BackendAdminAppGateway.Host/BackendAdminAppGatewayHostModule.cs#L126

*https://github.com/abpframework/abp/blob/dev/modules/blogging/src/Volo.Blogging.HttpApi/Volo/Blogging/BlogsController.cs#L14

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Flame spread or surface burning characteristics rating is a ranking derived by laboratory standard test methodology of a material's propensity to burn rapidly and spread flames. There are several standardized methods of determining flame spread,

Test methods
NFPA 255 Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, utilizes ASTM E84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials. This test method measures flame growth on the underside of a horizontal test specimen, using the Steiner tunnel test. The result is derivation of a Flame Spread Index (FSI), which is a non-dimensional number which is placed on a relative scale in which asbestos-cement board has a value of 0, and red oak wood has 100. Evaluation of a FSI by this test method does not provide a good understanding of how fire would propagate in full scale, such as in a room, for some materials. In particular, the results for materials that drip, such as thermoplastics, are not indicative of the fire hazard as installed on walls and ceilings because they tend to melt and drip away from the underside of the horizontal ceiling in the test chamber. Because the test method measures how far down the test chamber the fire progressed, this type of "lack of fire progression" provides a misleading FSI. In order to address such restrictions, a new test method was derived, NFPA 286 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribution of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth.

NFPA 286 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribution of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth, measures flame spread in a room configuration, including fire spread along walls, ceilings, and combinations of both. This method is more indicative of real world fire hazards, and is preferred over NFPA 255, but is more expensive. Also, test results for heat, smoke, and combustion product release from NFPA 286 are suitable for use as input into fire models for performance-based design, whereas results from NFPA 255 are not. Flame spread rating number is not the rate at which the flame actually spreads along the surface and is not an indication of the fire resistance of the material.

UL 723 (ASTM E84) Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E84 - 15a Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

UL 94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances

Use
The Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) and Section 803.1 of the International Building Code limit finishes for interior walls and ceilings to materials in three classes (A, B, or C, with A being the lowest flame spread and C being the highest) and gives greater restrictions for certain rooms:

In order to meet classification in any of the three categories, the smoke developed index cannot exceed 450.

Notes

Fire test standards


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Winter storm strands drivers in Southern California mountains
Mountain roads are slick as snow falls on Valley of the Falls Drive in the San Bernardino National Forest on Dec. 30.
(Gina Ferazzi / Los Angeles Times)
By Joseph Serna, Nicole Charky
Up to 200 cars were towed and more than 130 people rescued after a blustery winter storm stranded motorists on Southern California's steep, icy mountain roads, officials said Wednesday.
At one point, about 300 cars were stuck on Highways 330 and 18 in Big Bear as snow began piling up from the storm, said California Highway Patrol Officer Marcelo Llerena. Between 150 and 200 cars were towed off the road and will have be picked up later by their owners, he said.
San Bernardino County firefighters, meanwhile, were busy rescuing more than 130 people who were trapped in about a foot of snow along Highway 138, which winds through the San Bernardino Mountains between Crestline and Silverwood Lake, said county fire department spokeswoman Tracey Martinez.
Firefighters worked to free the trapped drivers and check for injuries, completing the rescue operation at about 3 a.m. Wednesday, she said. No serious crashes or medical emergencies were reported, and 50 people were transported to First Baptist Church in Crestline, where Red Cross workers providing supplies and assistance, officials said.
Nearly all of State Route 38 -- from Forest Falls Boulevard in Forest Falls to Big Bear Dam -- was closed late Tuesday as vehicles became stranded in the snow.
The cold storm from Canada has brought heavy winds and several inches of snow across Southern California.
Wind advisories were implemented across the Southland, with gusts up to 70 mph predicted in mountain passes from Ventura to Orange and Riverside counties. Fremont Canyon in Orange County saw winds up to 57 mph, while Malibu Hills saw gusts up to 70 mph.
The National Weather Service forecast snow across the region to as low as 2,000 feet above sea level. The Antelope Valley and San Gabriel Mountains were expected to see a dusting, while higher elevations in Los Angeles County were expected to see up to 5 inches.
Weather service meteorologist Greg Martin said the strong winds are expected to continue through Wednesday morning and then drop off in the late afternoon. The storm's snow and light rain are expected to move out by late Wednesday.
"When things clear out, it should get colder," Martin said.
The Antelope and San Luis Obispo valleys could see lows between 12 and 20 degrees Wednesday night, while the flats of Los Angeles and Ventura counties are forecast to hit lows from the 20s to the low 30s.
For breaking news in California, follow @JosephSerna and @NicoleCharky
Joseph Serna
Joseph Serna is the deputy editor of culture and talent at the Los Angeles Times and helps oversee its career training and recruitment efforts.


text:
Turkey: Twenty-five students detained in dormitory raids
On June 2, 2018, Turkish authorities reportedly detained 25 university students in Adana, apparently based on alleged connections to Muslim cleric Fethullah Gülen, who authorities claim was responsible for a violent coup attempt on July 15, 2016.
Büşra Ersanlı sentenced to one year and three months' imprisonment for endorsing Peace Petition
On June 5, 2018, a Turkish court convicted and sentenced Büşra Ersanlı, professor emeritus at Marmara University, to one year and three months' imprisonment on a charge of "propagandizing for a terrorist organization," based on her endorsement of a petition
Turkey's Academics for Peace to Receive 2018 Courage to Think Defender Award
Scholars at Risk has announced Turkey's Academics for Peace as recipients of the 2018 Courage to Think Defender Award, for their extraordinary efforts in building academic solidarity and in promoting the principles of academic freedom, freedom of inquiry, and the
Two years since Peace Petition, attacks on higher education sector continue
Scholars at Risk has issued a letter to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, expressing concern for continuing, severe pressures on Turkey's higher education sector and urging his support in reversing these actions.
SAR demands respect for due process as Academics for Peace go on trial
Scholars at Risk has issued a letter of appeal in support of scholars being prosecuted for their endorsement of the "Academics for Peace" petition.
Scholar detained over alleged connections with Fethullah Gülen
On September 5, 2017, Turkish authorities reportedly detained Hakan Özhan, a professor of medicine at Duzce University, based on alleged connections with Fethullah Gülen, who authorities claim was responsible for a violent coup attempt on July 15, 2016.
300+ Academic personnel dismissed by order of emergency decree
On July 14, 2017, Turkish authorities issued an emergency decree which ordered the dismissal of 302 academic personnel and 54 administrative staff, and the expulsion of 9 students, based on allegations that they were involved in a violent coup attempt
Professor Istar Gozaydin's 100th day of incarceration displays deteriorating conditions for freedom of speech in Turkey
Thursday March 30th marks the 100th day of imprisonment of Professor Istar Gozaydin, lately Chair of the Department of Sociology at Turkey's Gediz University.
330 Academics ordered for dismissal in Turkey
On February 7, 2017, state authorities issued a decree ordering the dismissal of 330 academic personnel from 49 universities, based on allegations that they were suspected of being involved in a violent coup attempt on July 15, 2016. Authorities allege
Turkey: 1,184 University Personnel Dismissed in Emergency Decree
On November 22, 2016, Turkish authorities issued a decree ordering the dismissal of 242 academic personnel and 942 higher education administrative personnel, on suspicion of connection to a violent coup attempt on July 15.
1,267 Academics dismissed, 68 students abroad expelled, says Turkey decree
On October 29, 2016, Turkish authorities issued a decree ordering the dismissal of 1,267 academic personnel, and the expulsion of 68 students studying abroad, on suspicion that they were connected to a violent coup attempt on July 15. Authorities have
31 Istanbul University scholars detained in putsch aftermath
On July 24 and 25, 2016, Turkish authorities reportedly detained 31 scholars from Istanbul University on suspicion of membership to Turkey's Gülenist movement.
15 Universities shut down in connection with state of emergency
On July 23, 2016, a decree went into effect ordering the closure of 15 Turkish universities, in connection with a state of emergency declared by the government following the failed coup attempt on July 15.
Turkish authorities impose travel ban on higher ed professionals
On July 20, 2016, Turkish authorities reportedly imposed a wide-ranging ban on all work-related, international travel by scholars, and demanding that all university personnel currently outside the country return to Turkey immediately.
SAR urges expression of support for Turkey's threatened higher education sector
Scholars at Risk is gravely concerned about sweeping actions against Turkey's higher education sector, including forced resignations, suspensions, and travel bans, reportedly affecting thousands of individuals, in Turkey and abroad.
More Items »
Free to Think 2018
Free to Think 2018 is the fourth installment of an annual report by Scholars at Risk's Academic Freedom Monitoring Project, analyzing 294 reported attacks on higher education communities in 47 countries, from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018.  Download


In honor of the world wide holiday tomorrow (4/20) we would like to share the Myron & E of Stones Throw Records song "Pot Club" performed live at the SPARC pot club in San Francisco. Enjoy!
Keep calm & smoke safe.
Myron&E – Pot Club from Dalton J. Rooney on Vimeo.


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The Best Science-Fiction & Fantasy of 2015
by Joel Cunningham/
The end of 2015 marks the completion of this blog's first year of existence, and what a year to start with: we can't remember the last 12-month period that gave us such a strong run of new science fiction and fantasy books, spanning every subgenre on the shelves. Below, we've selected 25 of our favorites—these are the best books of the last year, and any of them would rank alongside our favorites of any year. (Speaking of which, you can see our 2014 picks here, and also 2016 and 2017).
See All Formats & Editions ›
Radiance, by Catherynne M. Valente
This almost indescribable sci-fi novel could have come from no other author. Valente has created a beguiling hybrid of wide-eyed Victorian wonder, pulp space adventure, lavish Hollywood excess, and good old-fashioned murder mystery, a multifaceted novel that explores the strange disappearance of revered documentary filmmaker Severin Unk through script excerpts, lost film clips, interviews, and even old-fashioned commercials. Explore a version of our solar system right out of your dreams, where callowhales swim the oceans of Venus and settlers eke out a meager existence on distant Uranus. Read our review.
The Traitor Baru Cormorant
The Traitor Baru Cormorant, by Seth Dickinson
Baru Cormorant hates the Empire of Falcrest for what it did to her family and her people when she was just a girl: arriving in force upon the shores of their small island, taking control, absorbing her people and erasing the markers of cultural identity deemed "unhygenic" by imperial science. Luckily, Baru is a prodigy when it comes to revenge. To destroy the empire, she must become a part of it, win its trust, and earn a seat at its heart, where she can strike a killing blow. After one book, Seth Dickinson has joined the ranks of the great evil geniuses of speculative fiction, authors able to make you care immensely for incredibly realized, complex, flawed, frustrating, fascinating characters, then to repay your indulgence by doing terrible things to them. But when the book is this well-constructed—wound tight as a watch, the plot ticking along with the intricacy and inevitability of a sweeping second hand—the result is worth the torment. Read our review.
Paperback $15.61 | $15.99
Ancillary Mercy, by Ann Leckie
The sci-fi series that turned space opera on its ear and won all the awards along the way comes to an end, wrapping up the story of Breq, once the artifical mind inhabiting a vast starship and a network of mine-wiped human bodies, now confined to a single, frail human form. The action is set largely upon a remote space station in orbit around an unremarkable but strategically located planet that could be a crucial outpost in a brewing intergalactic civil war between the divided halves of Anaander Mianaai, the once-human, many-bodied Lord of the Radch. Exploring complex themes of gender, sexual, and cultural identity, Leckie's trilogy tells an unusually thoughtful story that's also immensely satisfying when it comes to blowing stuff up real good, and with this final installment, she totally sticks the landing. Read our review.
Aurora, by Kim Stanley Robinson
After a detour into prehistory with Shaman, Kim Stanley Robinson returned to widescreen space exploration with a full-throated, believably science-y novel that turns one of sci-fi oldest tropes—the generation ship—on its ear. As a deteriorating vessel nears its destination after a centuries-long journey, we follow a cast of compelling, flawed characters trying to stave off a death of a thousand loose screws, as witnessed via one of the most unique narrators we've ever encountered: the ship itself, an artificial intelligence still struggling to understand humans even after hundreds of years spent ferrying them across the stars.
A Darker Shade of Magic (Shades of Magic Series #1)
Hardcover $23.39 | $25.99
A Darker Shade of Magic, by V.E. Schwab
In her followup to 2013's genre-busting supervillain story Vicious, V.E. Schwab creates a Neapolitan fantasy world that smooshes three alternate versions of London side-by-side: Red London, where magic's waters run deep; White London, where there is both power and terrible darkness; and dull Grey London, where spells lose their luster (guess which one we inhabit). Only Travelers can pass between the cities, but they are a dying breed—probably because someone is trying to kill them all. Kell, the Traveler from Red London, wears a coat with infinite sides which he uses to smuggle magical objects from one London to another, until a chance encounter with a cunning pickpocket Delilah Bard results in bad magic crossing through a door that never should have been opened, and causes a crisis that might wipe London off the map—all of them. Schwab creates characters as rich as her irresistible world. Read our review.
Sorcerer to the Crown
Sorcerer to the Crown, by Zen Cho
Zen Cho's effervescent debut is set in an intriguing alternate-Victorian world ruled by sorcery, layering issues of racial and gender inequality into a fast-moving magical mystery tour. When the mixed-race Zacharias Whythe, an orphaned slave child, magically inherits the title of Sorcerer Royal after the strange death of his adopted father and mentor, England's magicians are thrown into an uproar. Their short-sighted squabbling only obscures a far more serious problem: the country's magic is running out, leaving them vulnerable to attack by Napoleon's sorcerers. As Zacharias journeys to the borders of Fairyland to discover the source of the problem, Prunella Gentlewoman, who keeps house at a school that teaches women to suppress their supernatural abilities, makes a startling discovery about her past, one that could prove vital to restoring England's place in the magical world. Read our review.
The Grace of Kings, by Ken Liu
Celebrated, award-winning short fiction author Ken Liu makes a stunning leap to long form with an ambitious debut novel that aims to do little less than rewrite the entire Western epic fantasy narrative from a different cultural perspective. Both sweeping in scope and intimate in character and incidental detail, this is an expansive look at a rebellion, its aftermath, and two young leaders caught in the tides of history. Liu illustrates the idea that as the decades roll by, even great deeds can start to look small. Read our review.
Ink and Bone (The Great Library Series #1)
Ink and Bone: The Great Library, by Rachel Caine
What if Alexandria never fell? That's the question at the heart of Rachel Caine's inventive mashup of fantasy and alternate history. The Great Library now exists everywhere on Earth, able to instantaneously provide any knowledge ever put to paper—but personal ownership of books is strictly forbidden. As Jess Brightwell trains to enter the Library's service, he must hide his family's deadly secret: much of his knowledge comes from their verboten private texts. Though the protagonist is 16 and the story has heavy YA appeal, it's a novel for anyone appropriately terrified at the thought of a world in which owning a book meant putting your life at risk.
The Fifth Season (Broken Earth Series #1)
The Fifth Season, by N.K. Jemisin
The author of The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms begins the Broken Earth, a new epic fantasy trilogy set in a world rent by a series of apocalyptic events. Essun and her children are orogenes, sharing the magical ability to control natural forces, an ability hated and feared in equal measure. Essun has passed on her curse, and when her husband finds out, he murders their son and their daughter disappears. Essun sets off to find her, and her journey will take readers across a ravaged, sparsely populated landscape and deep into her hidden past, as she fights to save at least one small part of a world already lost. That just one thread of a tapestry both beautiful and terrible, wrought in daring, immensely readable prose that ranges from wry omnipresence to painfully intimate second-person. Read our review.
Flex/The Flux, by Ferrett Steinmetz
This is one of those series with a concept so good, the plot barely matters (but they're great too): welcome to a world where magic ('mancy) is birthed out of obsession, and becoming too fixated on what fascinates you (from paperwork, to video games, to origami) can bore a hole through reality and and grant you unimaginable (and incredibly idiosyncratic) powers. But there's a downside: the universe doesn't like to be messed with, and 'mancy creates Flux, a razor wire that whips back at the user, causing terrible things to happen. Paul Tsabo's obsession is paperwork—he's a bureaucromancer, able to rewrite the past and control destiny through the manipulation of forms and contracts. When his young daughter is gravely injured in a burst of Flux caused by a malevolent 'mancer, Paul must put his ordered world at risk to seek revenge and stop a killer. With a subplot involving the creation of a druglike form of 'mancy called Flex, this one-of-a-kind series (which saw two installments released this year) is what might result if you put Breaking Bad and Reddit in a blender and hit "frappe." Read our review of Flex.
Uprooted, by Naomi Novik
The author of the beloved Temeraire series takes a break from Napoleonic Era dragon combat for an inventive standalone fantasy with the tectonic pull of a classic fairy tale and a bold, contemporary sensibility all her own. Plain young Agnieszka lives in a small kingdom on the border of a malevolent wood. Only the protection of a secretive wizard known as the Dragon keeps the darkness contained within. In return for his services, the Dragon demands a terrible price: a decade of servitude from one of the girls of the village. As the time of his choosing nears, Agnieszka despairs, fearing she will lose her best friend, the beautiful Kasia. Her fears turn out to be…misplaced. Ursula K. LeGuin called it "vividly believable," and Lev Grossman labeled it, "an instant classic." We tend to agree: read our review.
The Library at Mount Char
The Library at Mount Char, by Scott Hawkins
Add another to the ranks of strange libraries in SFF: the titular book depository may hold all the secrets to the universe, if the man that orphaned Caroline now calls Father can be trusted. Raised according to His bizarre beliefs, Carolyn and other 11 "children" have learned what little they know of power from the Library (Carolyn's section, one of 12, is all about languages, and not just the ones we know). The children are both drawn to and fearful of the Library's power, and are starting to suspect Father might be a god…or the God. And then God goes missing, and the strange power of the Library is up for grabs. Like a dark-hearted take on what might really happen if child wizards like Harry and Hermione weren't so well-behaved, Hawkins debut is harrowing, entrancing, and never less than utterly original. Read our review.
Half-Resurrection Blues (Bone Street Rumba Series #1)
Half-Resurrection Blues, by Daniel José Older
Older's first novel (and, alongside the YA fantasy Shadowshaper, one of two he published in 2015) details the adventures of Carlos Delacruz, an "inbetweener" in a vividly realized alternate Brooklyn where ghosts and demons roam openly (still recognizable as the borough of our own world, where the walking dead are a bit more discreet). Carlos, who's neither dead nor alive, works for the New York Council of the Dead (NYCOD) as a kind of mediator between the two worlds. When another inbetweener releases a horde of demons, it's up to Carlos to stop him from before he destroys the city.
Planetfall, by Emma Newman
Hugo-nominated podcaster Newman follows up her popular Split Worlds fantasy series with a stunning piece of social science fiction set on a remote human colony world. Lee Suh-Mi, a scientist who believes she received visions of a distant planet, inspired an almost religious fervor in her followers and managed to fund a deep space expedition to locate it. It turns out the planet does exist, but what awaited them on the surface was far more alien than anyone imagined. 20 years later, life in the colony has developed into something approaching routine—for everyone, that is, but Ren, Suh-mi's lover, and one of only two people who knows what tragedy really occurred the day they made planetfall. It's as much a wrenching portrait of mental illness as it is a compelling SF mystery, and will rip your heart out like nothing else you'll read this year (well, except maybe Baru Cormorant). Read our review.
Signal to Noise
Signal to Noise, by Silvia Moreno-Garcia
This charming literary fantasy is pitched to adults but will resonate for readers of all ages. After all, we were all once teenagers, and can remember a time when we discovered that one band that seemed to be speaking directly to us, transmitting a message so powerful it felt like it could change the world. For Meche, an oddball teenager living in Mexico City in the late '80s, that becomes literally true when she discovers she can cast spells using music. She and her friends decide to use her newfound ability to repair their broken lives, but things don't go exactly as planned. From there, the story jumps 20 years into the future, as Meche returns home to try to put the wrong things right once again.
Dark Orbit: A Novel
Dark Orbit, by Carolyn Ives Gilman
This thoughtful first contact story will delight anyone with a longing for a fresh example of '70s-era social science fiction the likes of classics by Ursula K. LeGuin. Rootless exoethnologist Sara Callicot tags along with a group of researchers on a 58-light-year trip to a newly discovered planet. Ostensibly she's there is case they make contact with any new cultures—and oh boy, do they, discovering a group of apparently human settlers who live underground and are completely blind, yet perfectly fluent in a common tongue—but also secretly to keep tabs on Thora, another member of the expedition, and one with political connections that could hold the key a conspiracy involving unexplained disappearances, deaths, and a paranoid security officer. Read our review.
The Drafter (Signed Book) (Peri Reed Chronicles Series #1)
The Drafter, by Kim Harrison
With a brilliant, punchy premise and plenty of action,The Drafter is a thriller with a sci-fi edge that will push buttons for both newcomers and fans of Harrison's Rachel Morgan urban fantasy series. Peri is a Drafter, someone with the ability to rewind time 30 seconds and change the past. But every time she Drafts, her own memories are muddled—a confusion Jack, her lover and partner at Opti, the secret government agency they are both a part of, helps her muddle through. When Peri discovers her own name on a list of corrupt Opti employees, she suddenly has reason to doubt Jack—and herself, as she realizes her entire existence has been manipulated.
Wake of Vultures
Wake of Vultures, by Lila Bowen
Delilah S. Dawson crafts a bloody, western-tinged dark fantasy so unforgiving, she had to create a pseudonym to publish it. Nettie Lonesome is a mixed-race orphan taken in by a white couple who clothe and feed her but treat her like anything but family. One night, she is attacked by a fearsome, near-immortal wanderer; after finally killing him with a stake to the heart, Nettie realizes she can suddenly see the darkness—the real darkness—all around her. With a few allies from a nearby ranch, she sets off into the desert on a quest to find her true calling, and something resembling a home…provided the monsters don't get to her first. With a plot that grabs you in a chokehold and a protagonist who challenges every convention in the book, it may be the weirdest thing we read all year—in the best way. Read our review.
Vision In Silver (Anne Bishop's Others Series #3)
Vision in Silver, by Anne Bishop
Anne Bishop started her remarkable career in epic fantasy, but proves herself just as skilled at manipulating the tropes of the modern urban variety. In the world of the Others, humans are but pawns—and prey—ruled over by supernatural beings. Meg Corbyn is a human gifted with the ability to see the future when her skin is cut. Hunted by her own kind, she hid in the shadows with the Others, finding unexpected allies among the terra indigene. But what does it mean to live among your enemies? In the third volume of this ambitious and engrossing saga, a war between humans and Others is brewing, and seers like Meg are highly valued by both sides. But looking into the future has consequences, and Meg finds herself addicted to the magical charge of blood prophecy.
The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet
NOOK Book $1.99 | $7.99
The Long Way to a Small Angry Planet, by Becky Chambers
Originally self-published, Chambers' buzzy debut was acquired by Harper Voyager for a digital release this year, with print to follow in 2016. But don't wait 'til next year: this addictive, expansive, character-based tale reads like a Netflix binge of your new favorite space opera series. Spend a year with the crew of the Wayfarer, a deep-space mining vessel tasked with punching through dimensional barriers to create wormholes that act as interstellar highways, a job that's as exciting as it sounds, but only for the scant minutes it actually takes to accomplish. The rest of the time is spent traveling at sublight speeds across vast distances—though that does leave plenty of time to get to know your crew and have adventures along the way. There's more character here than plot, but when the characters are this lived-in, that's a feature, not a bug, and the sci-fi trappings (from truly alien aliens to a fascinating exploration of the ethics of creating artificial intelligence) are first rate.
The Sorcerer of the Wildeeps
Sorcerer of the Wildeeps, by Kai Ashante Wilson
Wilson has earned considerable acclaim for his short fiction; this lengthy novella marks his commercial debut and proves him no less talented when working on a larger canvas. What a debut it is—this is rich, startling, deeply original fantasy. With prose that has drawn comparisons to Gene Wolf, he creates a world that might be in our own far future (or distant past): abandoned by aliens, or gods, or alien gods; where magic and belief intermingle; where humans scrabble for purchase in the dirt. Demane is a descendant of divinity, but lives unremarkably as a guard for a group of traders, finding solace where he can in quiet moments with another man, called Captain, who is also of mixed celestial origin. The two must safeguard the merchants' passage through the Wildeeps, a wilderness only safely traversed via an enchanted road—but there is a monster in the 'deeps that can cross the wards. The evocative imagery, sudden splashes of blood and gore, and profane, anachronistic dialogue (if anachronisms can exist in a world so singular as this one) come together to create an experience worthy of being spoken of in the same breath as Samuel R. Delaney.
Revision, by Andrea Phillips
Phillips' debut has a premise that feels timeless, even if it could only really have been written in the current era of the inescapable internet and omnipresent social media: Mira is a rich girl slumming it as a Brooklyn barista and suffering one tragic relationship after another. Most recently, it's Benji, head of Verity, a Wikipedia-like tech startup, telling her they're probably better off calling it quits. In a fit of pique, Mira uses a stolen password to edit Benji's Verity page to suggest he proposed to her…which, minutes later, he does. Mira realizes that Verity is much more than a news-gathering network—it's a tool that could be used to alter the past and irrevocably change the future. It's romantic comedy crossed with Black Mirror, and begging to be made into a movie someday. Maybe create an entry on IMDb and see what happens…
Karen Memory
Karen Memory, by Elizabeth Bear
You never know what you're going to get from an Elizabeth Bear novel—in the best possible sense, and Karen Memory is like nothing else she's written, a standalone steampunk western in an alternate version of late 19th century Seattle. Karen Memery is a "seamstress" in the house of Madame Damnable, who employs a number of women, and whose ornate sewing machines never seem to get much use. Karen and the rest of Damnable's girls are pulled into a dangerous plot when they give shelter to a battered, bloodied woman who arrives late one night seeking protection from her abuser, one of the city's most powerful men, who may have in his possession a device that can control men's minds. Bear is clearly having a ball, from incorporating crazy gadgetry to writing in Karen's idiosyncratic, irresistible voice. Read our review.
Twelve Kings in Sharakhai
Twelve Kings in Sharakhai, by Bradley P. Beaulieu
Beaulieu launches his second epic fantasy trilogy (following The Lays of Anuskaya) with the story of 19-year-old Çeda, a gladiator in the fighting pits of Sharakhai, a desert kingdom ruled over by 12 immortal lords who live in luxury while their subjects must scrape to survive. Determined to avenge her mother, who was executed by the Twelve Kings, Çeda schemes and searches for a way to upset their ironclad rule—and comes to uncover hidden truths about the source of their power, and her own destiny, that could upset the balance of the entire world. Beaulieu's intricate world-building and complex characters are quickly becoming the hallmarks of his writing, and if this opening volume is any indication, The Song of the Shattered Sands will be one of the next great fantasy epics. Read our review.
The Cinder Spires: The Aeronaut's Windlass
The Cinder Spires: The Aeronaut's Windlass, by Jim Butcher
Butcher takes a break from The Dresden Files for an epic steampunk fantasy adventure featuring airships, sky pirates, and talking cats. Clouds of war are gathering around the Spires, towers citadels that house humanity and produce the technological marvels that have changed the world. Captain Grimm, commander of the airshipPredator, is loyal to Spire Albion, which has a bitter rivalry with Spire Aurora. When the Predator is damaged, Grimm is roped into undertaking a secret mission on Albion's behalf…and soon discovers that the conflicts between the spires are mere set dressing in the face of a greater threat: the return of an ancient enemy that hasn't been seen in 10 millennia. This series-opener is good stuff, and proves that Butcher can apparently write anything he sets his mind to. Read our review.
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