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Starts With A Bang — January 22, 2016
Ask Ethan: How fast do gravitational waves travel?
Ethan Siegel
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And if the Universe is expanding, does that mean these ripples can break the speed of light?
"Einstein's gravitational theory, which is said to be the greatest single achievement of theoretical physics, resulted in beautiful relations connecting gravitational phenomena with the geometry of space; this was an exciting idea." –Richard P. Feynman
One of the most surprising predictions of Einstein's General Relativity is the existence of not just matter, radiation and other particle-based forms of energy, but the existence of gravitational radiation itself, or fundamental "ripples" in the very fabric of spacetime. This is one of the toughest things to understand, and Patreon supporter Robert J. Hansen wants to know more:
[Gravitational] waves are perturbations of spacetime which travel at c. However, spacetime is allowed to expand and contract faster than c. An expansion followed by a compression is pretty much the definition of a compression wave. This appears to produce a paradox: gravity waves travel at c, but there appears to be a way for them to be superluminal. What's the resolution of this apparent paradox?
First off, let's start with the concept of this radiation (and how it's produced) itself.
Image credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA), of the relativistic jet coming from the galaxy M87, produced by the acceleration of charged particles.
In electromagnetism — even in classical electromagnetism — there are only two things you need in order to produce electromagnetic radiation: a chargeand a field for it to move through. An electric charge can be positive (like a proton) or negative (like an electron), and if it passes through a magnetic field, that field is going to accelerate that charge, causing it to move in a circular or helical path from hereon out.
The bigger the field, the bigger the speed and the bigger the charge-to-mass ratio of the particle, the greater the acceleration (or change in motion) will be.
But interactions like this need to conserve both energy and momentum, and the way that plays out in electromagnetism is that any time a charge accelerates due to an external field, it has to emit radiation in order to do so. This radiation (in electromagnetism) comes in the form of photons, and is called Bremsstrahlung, Cyclotron or Synchrotron radiation, dependent on how it's created.
In Newtonian physics, there'd be no such thing as gravitational radiation, but Einstein's General Relativity changed all of that. Massive sources — things like particles — have the analogue of a gravitational charge, while the curved fabric of space itself is the analogue of a gravitational field. Any time a massive particle moves through curved space, which can be severely curved in the presence of a star, white dwarf, neutron star or black hole, it will emit the analogue of electromagnetic radiation: gravitational radiation.
Image credit: Tod Strohmayer (GSFC), CXC, NASA — Illustration: Dana Berry (CXC).
This new form of radiation is neither a photon nor any other form of particulate radiation, but is a ripple through the fabric of space itself: a gravitational wave. For a mass like the Earth orbiting the Sun, gravitational radiation is so small it would take some 10¹⁴⁰ ages of the Universe for the orbit to change in a noticeable fashion; we'll never see it. But for systems where the masses are larger, the distances are closer and the fields are stronger, the consequences are more severe: systems like binary pulsars, something orbiting the supermassive black hole at our galaxy's center or even merging black holes. In these cases, we can observe orbital decay, and in order to conserve energy, we know that something must be carrying it away.
Image credit: NASA (L), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy / Michael Kramer, via http://www.mpg.de/7644757/W002_Physics-Astronomy_048-055.pdf.
That "thing" must be gravitational radiation (a.k.a. gravitational waves), and thanks to observations of binary pulsar systems, we know that the speed of this gravitational radiation must be equal to the speed of light to a precision of just 0.2%! In other words, the ripples do, in fact, move through space at the same speed that photons do. The major difference is that, in the case of gravitational radiation, these are ripples inherent to the fabric of space itself.
Ripples in spacetime generated by fast orbiting stars (neutron stars, white dwarfs or black holes). Image credit: NASA.
So what happens, then, to get back to Robert's original question, when these ripples get created not in (approximately) static space, but in the expanding Universe? The answer is that they get stretched and subjected to the Universe's expansion the exact same way photons do.
When photons propagate through the expanding Universe, their wavelength stretches as the fabric of space expands. Their number (and energy) density dilutes, and although they always propagate at the speed of light, the distances between the emitted source and the observing receiver changes. For example, at the very start of the hot Big Bang, some 13.8 billion years ago and just 10^-33 seconds after the end of inflation:
A photon that's reaching us today would have been just 100 meters away from us 13.8 billion years ago.
That photon would have traveled for 13.8 billion years, traveling 13.8 billion light years through the expanding Universe, and would have had its wavelength stretched by approximately 28 orders of magnitude.
And upon reaching us today, the location where that photon was emitted from would today be 46.1 billion light years distant from us.
Sounds crazy? Well, the exact same craziness happens to gravitational waves! A gravitational ripple must also travel through the expanding Universe, will also travel at the speed of light through space (whether that space is expanding, contracting or static), and will have its wavelength stretched the exact same way photons have theirs stretched. Gravitational waves "ride" the fabric of space the same way water waves "ride" the surface of the water; if you have a rock fall into a river, the ripples don't just move radially outward; they move outward and get carried by the current downstream.
Image credit: Sergiu Bacioiu from Romania, under c.c.-2.0 generic.
The gravitational ripples in the fabric of space are a little bit like that: the ripples move at the speed they always move at through the medium — at the speed of light, c — but sometimes the medium itself moves. That doesn't mean it's breaking the speed of light any more than photons do when they wind up 46 billion light years from where they started after just 13.8 billion years; gravitational waves are doing exactly what they're supposed to do. The analogy of a compression followed by a rarefaction is actually a very, very good one, mind you; a passing wave will distort the fabric of space (and all the items/particles in it) by stretching and compressing them in a very particular fashion.
But the way that propagates through the Universe is at the speed of light on top of whatever the fabric of space itself is doing: expanding, contracting or remaining static. And that's the resolution of the paradox: they travel at c, no matter what you do to the fabric that they travel through while they're en route!
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Surprising Science
This Incredible Office Building Is Designed to Promote Employee Wellness
Ontological design is way cool.


The CircuPool SJ40 saltwater chlorine generator balances advanced technology with simple worry-free operation. The SJ Series works with existing pump and filtration systems to reliably supply the swimming pool with pure chlorine, every day. The CircuPool SJ Series uses a low salt level and makes the pool water silky soft to provide the ultimate swimming experience.
Installation was relatively easy. I really like the clear plastic around the salt cell, which allows for a visual inspection of the titanium plates. I would point out there is no digital read-out on the control panel that tells me ppm of salt, which my previous unit had. I will plan to buy a hand-held electronic device to test salinity with. However, it does let you know when the salinity level is no longer in range, and since its salinity operating range is so broad, maybe it doesn't really matter like on the old ones.
Great price. The pool builders said if I wanted a salt system I had to get it through them for $1800!!! I had to wait a few months before putting the salt in, but I can say that I hated putting the chlorine in for that time, and now the system is in and I'll never go back.
Q: If I install the SJ-40 system myself will it affect the warranty. ?
A: No, unlike some other brands there is no warranty penalty for self installations.
Q: Does the SJ40 have a built in timer?
A: No, like most systems it is designed to be hooked up to the same circuit as the pump so they turn on and off together, which for most people means an existing external timer, pool controller, or switch. You can get a timer cheap at the hardware store if needed.
Q: We have a 22,000 gallons pool- do we choose SJ20 or SJ40?
Q: I have a variable speed pump and I am concerned about the minimum flow rate required for this unit. Does this unit have a flow rate sensor that shuts the unit off if the flow rate is below 30gpm? I'm not sure what my flow rate is at low RPM, but I want to make sure this unit will operate.
A: To use this model with a variable speed pump, you would want to put it on a timer and coordinate it's run time with the pumps programmed schedule. Alternatively, you may want to look at the RJ-Series models, which use a flow switch that makes it more simple to use with a variable speed pump.
Q: What all pool pumps is this salt generator compatible with?
A: Saltwater chlorine generators are typically able to work with whatever model pool pump and filter system you already have! You simply add this in addition to your other equipment, after the existing pump and filter in the return plumbing line.
A: 15 Amp timers can be found cheap at the hardware store. However, if your pump uses 15 amps or more, you will need to find a 20 amp or larger timer. Those are not so cheap at the hardware store. I found a 20 amp day/night timer for a reasonable price $35 online. It allows you to divide the time the pump is on between day and night (2/4/6/8/10 or 12 hours for day and night) so that the water doesn't sit still so long.
A: For the SJ-Series, the center to center distance of the ports of the Cell Housing are approximately 5 ½" apart.
Q: Does this product connect with existing plumbing to replace a compupool cpsc36 without having to redo plumbing or use an adapter kit?


Lamination finish – the third most commonly preferred finish is also technically called as PolyResin Polish. Lamination finish delivers glossy finish. Well you could say very high glossy finish. But, its expensive of all. Reason being the chemicals used and the number of steps to polishing repeated.
For lamination or polyresin finish, the entire surface undergoes the lamination process at once unlike other polishing finishes. Polyresin polish delivers natural finish and also colored finish as per client's choice. For natural look, polyresin clear finish solution is applied to bring out the naturalness and richness of the wood. With lamination finish, a thin glass like film or finish is formed over the wooden surface.
The major difference is the thickness. PU finished wood surface will have thinner coating film or thickness than Laminated wood finish surface. Reason being, there are almost 12 to 14 coats done for lamination or polyresin finish while for PU finish only 2 or maximum 3 coats are applied for achieve desired finish. So you see there's major difference in the thickness. This difference you can make out if you happen to see the same wooden surface, 1 with PU coating and other with lamination finish at the same time.
Durability wise PU finish wooden surface/ furniture will last as much as a laminated wooden surface/furniture would. But we often suggest home owners to have only a few areas wooden furniture's be coated with polyresin polish while few with lamination (if budget allows).
To explain this suggestion let me give you an example. For dining tables, its advisable to have lamination/polyresin polish finished wooden surface then PU coated wooden surface. This is because the polyresin coated wooden surface proves to be more durable here then PU polish. PU polish is a 2 coat polish that form a thin layer over wooden surface as compared to laminated wooden surface. And that's the reason that PU coating will easily wear out since dining table undergoes the most wear-n-tear on daily basis.
Also the more you wet wipe the laminated wooden surface, glossier and smoother it becomes.
If the same dining table is finished with Melamine polish, the polish will last for 3-4 years say. And the PU polish on same dining table will last for say 5-6 years max. But polyester polish will last for many many years to come since there are 14- 20 coats applied for polyester finish. the only thing that could damage the table is breaking or chipping. If any heavy object falls over laminated wooden surface, the polished surface will break into minute pieces like glass. PU comparatively is a flexible polish and won't be damaged if any heavy object falls over it. As like Polyester, melamine polish is not flexible , but the thickness on final polish is so thin that it stays unaffected if any heavy object falls over it.
Home owners who desire for glossy finish, but not wanting to spend much can choose for PU-gloss polish which is cheaper than laminate finish. But surely the finish that Lamination finish gives cannot be matched.
What are the rates for lamination of laminated wooden surface?


Striking out on her own after a gut wrenching fight with Parker three weeks ago, Miranda Steele is ready to prove she's an investigator in her own right. Problem is…she has no clients.
So when a scary dude from her past walks through the door and wants to hire her to find a missing exotic dancer, she's forced to take the case.
Meanwhile Parker is done with Miranda and the pain she puts him through. But if he can find whoever sent those threatening texts on her cell phone weeks ago, he could prove he was right about her disregard of danger.
Little do they know they're both in danger—and about to face the most terrifying killer of their lives.
Smoke Screen is the seventh book in the Miranda and Parker Mystery series, a continuation of the popular Miranda Steele stories from bestselling author Linsey Lanier (the Miranda's Rights Mystery series). Buy this chilling, fast-paced thriller for a story readers say they can't put down.


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Beer and wine license Florida
Florida's #1 Liquor License Broker for a reason. 2500+ deals brokered statewide since 1996. Buy, Sell or Finance Florida Quota Liquor Licenses in all of Florida's 67 counties The Workshop should be a requirement for anyone going from garage brewing to taproom.. Do not hesitate, this is a must-attend event for anyone serious about beer Every business in Florida that sells beer and wine is required to apply for a license issued by the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco, Bureau of Licensing. This is a formal process that requires knowledge of certain rules and regulations in regards to the type of business and the license itself You must be able to provide the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco's Originating Agency Identifier Number (ORI#) which is FL920150Z. Out-of-State applicants must contact the division to obtain a fingerprint card. To learn more about fingerprinting, please visit our fingerprint FAQs If your establishment is a bar, nightclub, or tavern, the 4COP - Quota license is for serving beer, liquor, and wine without meeting the restaurant criteria for obtaining the 4COP - SRX license. Quota licenses are based on population
11. Can a beverage license be transferred from county to county? Answer: A license to sell beer and wine can be transferred from county to county. A change of location fee is applicable. A license to sell liquor cannot be transferred out of the county in which it was initially issued, due to the limitation of the number of licenses for each county New and prospective restaurant owners in Florida hoping to get a license to sell beer and wine anywhere in Florida must first apply for a license from the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco. Applications may be mailed or hand delivered to the DABT Office in the county where your business is or will be located
Beer and wine license - Stoop Line Stand Licens
Beer and Wine Only (Package and Consumption) Typically used by: Bars, liquor stores, sandwich shops, and small restaurant owners 2APS License - $196.00/yr (county population over 100,000) Beer and Wine (Package Sales Only
The state Department of Business and Professional Regulation issues three main Florida liquor licenses types. They are beer and wine licenses, beer, wine and liquor licenses, and club and special licenses. Beer and Wine Licenses You can get a number of different licenses for selling beer and/or wine
*Pursuant to Section 455.275(1), Florida Statutes, effective October 1, 2012, licensees licensed under Chapter 455, F.S. must provide the Department with an email address if they have one. The emails provided may be used for official communication with the licensee
Liquor License You must have a Certificate of Use from Miami-Dade County or the specific municipality where the business will be located to then apply for a state liquor license. Miami-Dade County Certificate of Use Applying for a State of Florida license
Beer, Wine and Liquor Licenses The other kind of liquor licenses in Florida include selling of beer, wine and liquor together. As with the previous type of licenses, the costs here vary depending on inclusiveness of the package and the size of the county in which your business operates
Open the Door to Maximum Value with The Florida Liquor License Exchang
Beverage License Specialists We are a professional and reputable company providing alcoholic beverage licensing and liquor license brokerage services throughout the state of Florida. Having been in business since 1985, we pride ourselves on our distinguished reputation of delivering Personalized Service, Experience, and Communication
FOUR MOST COMMON FLORIDA LICENSES 4COP-SRX is for restaurants selling beer, wine, and spirits, or liquor on premises only in connection with a legitimate restaurant having between 2,500 and 5,000 square feet, table seating for 150 to 250, and revenue of at least 51% from the sale of food and non-alcoholic beverages exclusively
auth. 61a-5.010 & 61a- 5.056, fac 1 instructions for completing dbpr abt- 6001 division of alcoholic beverages and tobacco application for new alcoholic beverage license
How to Get a Caterers Liquor License in Florida When you make your living catering to big events, it can be almost impossible to book events if you can't serve alcohol. For most people, alcohol is woven into the fabric of social gatherings, and it's not really a party if there's nothing to use in a toast
Complete and submit an Alcoholic Beverage License Review Application (PDF) including distances to closest church, school, package liquor store, and adult entertainment establishments. Complete and submit the State of Florida Application. Application is reviewed for compliance with Orange County Code, Sections 38-1414 and 38-1415
A 1COP for beer only, consumption on premises; A 2COP for beer and wine, consumption on premises; A 4COP for beer, wine and liquor, consumption on premises. How to obtain your ABT Florida retail license. The approval process involves submitting an Application for New Alcoholic Beverage License to the ABT
Beer/Wine Only licenses or Special Restaurant / Special Food Service SRX/SFS licenses are relatively inexpensive and can be obtained directly from the local district office of the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages for a nominal fee. No broker is needed for those Liquor License Florida specializes in the sale and purchase of Lee County Liquor Licenses for all types of establishments including Hospitality Businesses such as restaurants, bars, nightclubs and liquor stores. Alcohol License Lee County - Liquor License
2COP Liquor License . This license is typically used by small restaurants that wish to add beer and wine to their menu. Establishments with a 2COP license are allowed to sell both beer and wine for on-premise consumption. Also, under this license, establishments are allowed to sell packaged beer and wine in sealed containers On-Sale Beer and Wine-authorizes the sale of all types of wine and malt beverages (e.g., beer, porter, ale, stout and malt liquor) for consumption on and off the premises. Off-Sale Beer and Wine-authorizes the sale of all types of wine and malt beverages for consumption off the premises in original, sealed containers Liquor and wine and beer licenses cost different amounts in different states, but a wine and beer license price will almost always be lower than a general liquor license. That being said, the price for any kind of license will vary drastically by state, ranging from anywhere from $100 in Idaho to $13,800 in California in 2018 Liquor License FL is an experienced and highly professional company that offers application help and brokering liquor licenses in Florida.Whether you want to sell your Florida liquor license, purchase a license, or you simply need assistance with refinancing your liquor license, we offer you expert services and full support For small shops selling beer and wine on-premises.Small restaurants and sandwich shops can get a 2COP liquor license instead of a Florida 4COP License if they want to sell beer and wine for on-site consumption. The 2COP license also allows you to sell packaged beer and wine sealed in containers
FL Liquor License Exchange - Florida Quota Liquor License
To sell liquor, beer or wine in Florida, you must apply for a license from the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco Bureau of Licensing. Alcohol sales in Florida require one of two main licenses. The first is a quota license, which is only for a full-service alcohol establishment
If you wish to sell beer or wine, you can purchase a consumption-on-premise license or a package license. There are no restrictions on the number of licenses issued to sell beer and wine. If you wish to sell liquor, a special license or quota alcoholic beverage license must be obtained
The SRX license allows you to sell beer, wine, and liquor for consumption on-premises, in connection with a restaurant. However, a restaurant must derive 51% of their revenue from food and non-alcoholic beverages to qualify for this special license
The types of beer and wine licenses in Florida. There are various types of beer and wine licenses in Florida that you can apply for. The first one is 2COP Liquor License, which allows beer and wine consumption both on and off premises. This is the license that most cafés, bars and restaurants must have to serve both beer and wine
Information regarding Beer and Wine and Special Restaurant (SRX) licenses in Florida - Florida's #1 Volume Liquor/Alcohol License Broker / Buying, selling and financing of Florida liquor licenses / alcohol licenses (Quota licenses). Serving Florida's business needs since 1996
Beer and Wine License - 2COP; These licenses are typically referred to as 2COP licenses. 2COP licenses permit the sale of beer and wine only for sale by the drink for consumption of premises or in sealed container for package sales. In most counties, AB&T will charge an annual fee of $392.00 and $196.00 for one half of a year. Pursuant.
Brewery Workshop - Launching a Brewery
Most quota liquor licenses cost between $50,000.00 and $750,000.00. Do you need a liquor license to sell beer and wine in Florida? Every business in Florida that sells beer and wine is required to apply for a license issued by the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco, Bureau of Licensing Florida 4COP-SRX/SFS liquor licenses enable restaurants to serve beer, wine and liquor to be enjoyed on premises, while 4COP-QUOTA licenses are used for bars and clubs. Other Florida liquor licenses, such as 1COP or 2COP, may be appropriate for smaller venues that wish to serve only beer or wine The 4COP Liquor License in Florida To simplify the differences, lets just say that the 4COP license is the one you can purchase from someone and transfer to another location. The 4COP is a liquor license is the one that offers an owner the ability to sell any kind of liquor, beer, or alcohol The only licenses that need to be purchased are the 4COP and the 3PS liquor license. All other licenses can be obtained directly via the state. If you need a liquor license that is issued directly by the state, it is still highly recommended that you get help securing your license Division of Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco 2601 Blair Stone Road Tallahassee, FL 32399-1027 Phone: (850) 487-1395 Fax: (850) 922-517
How to get a Florida Beer and Wine License 2021 - Beverage
If you plan to sell beer or wine only, getting a liquor license will be relatively easy. You can get a package license or simply a consumption-on-premise license. If you own a restaurant and derive most of your sales from food, but wish to sell alcohol as well, you can get a special restaurant alcoholic beverage license This license allows for the unrestricted sale of beer, wine and liquor. The 4-COP is known as a quota license, and is a very limited commodity. Their number is based on the population and growth in any Florida County. Any increase in the population of a county by 7,500 new residents authorizes the creation of a new quota license Beer and Wine Package Sales (2APS): Between $60 and $140 depending on county size, plus 40% of the fee; Beer and Wine Consumption on Premises (2COP): Between $120 and $280 depending on county size, plus 40% of the fee; Beer, Wine and Liquor Licenses. The other kind of liquor licenses in Florida include selling of beer, wine and liquor together
Ordinarily, Florida restaurants with a Specialty Food Service (SFS, formerly SFX) license are authorized to sell beer, wine, and liquor for consumption on their premises only. Florida Executive Order 20-71 has lifted this restriction while the COVID-19 state of emergency is continuing. Accordingly, restaurants are allowed to make deliveries of. Quota licenses authorize the sale of beer, wine and liquor. They are limited in the number issued for each county. At present, according to the census bureau and as further analyzed by the University of Florida, for every 7,500 people residing in the county, one quota license is made available for issuance
Licensing Portal - Florida Department of Business and
Process. Complete and submit an Alcoholic Beverage License Review Application (PDF) including distances to closest church, school, package liquor store, and adult entertainment establishments.; Complete and submit the State of Florida Application. Application is reviewed for compliance with Orange County Code, Sections 38-1414 and 38-1415.; For approved applications, an authorized.
Florida 3PS liquor licenses are typically issued for brick and mortar stores that sell items such as foodstuffs, in addition to beer, wine and liquor. The Florida 3PS liquor license permits the holder to sell this type of alcohol without any quota on gross sales of other items from the store, such as food
e type of liquor license you need: Beer and wine VS liquor licensee. Many areas have less stringent rules for businesses that only plan to serve beer and wine versus hard alcohol or mixed drinks. Depending on the concept your planning to launch. On-sale or off-sale: If you plan to serve drinks at your location an on-site license.
How to obtain a 1- to 3-day temporary Liquor License: Step by Step Instructions: To Obtain the application from the Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco 1) Go to www.myfloridalicense.com 2) Click on Apply For/Update Licenses tab 3) Then Click on Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco 4) Then click on Limited Permit
al fee (usually around $300/yr for Beer/Wine and $1820/year for SRX/SFS)
A beer/wine plus vape and CBD business and a beautiful lounge with a pool table and TVs in a PERFECT location, a high foot traffic mall in Hillsborough County. Full 4COP Liquor ($225K included). Old Florida... More details » Perks include 4COP liquor License. Additionally, this opportunity features a 2000sq ft..
However, he has seen an uptick in the number of restaurants in states like California, New York and Florida using these products—due in large part to the fact that full liquor licenses in major metropolitan areas can run over $150,000, while beer/wine licenses cost just a quarter of that
What license is required to make wine in Florida? The Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (ABT) is authorized to issue two kinds of licenses for the production of wine in Florida.. Wineries (including cideries and meaderies) that will manufacture or bottle wine in Florida may obtain an AMW license.The licensing fee for the AMW license is $1,000 per year Liquor License For Sale. This is the liquor license formerly owned by the nightclub, PURE. Since the landlord is not renewing their lease, the 4COP license becomes available. Liquor Licenses are limited in Duval County, as in other counties in Florida, so when a full 4COP (Consume on Premises) is freed up, it is a rare and highly sought after. Acquiring A Liquor License The first step to acquiring an alcoholic beverage license is to determine if there is one available in the area in which you intend to open your business. If your business is a restaurant wishing to sell beer, wine, and liquor, or a package store also desiring to sell beer, wine, and liquor, you will find that the.
Liquor License Professionals in Orlando, FL provides liquor licenses suitable for a variety of uses; Bars, Nightclubs, Lounges, Brew Pubs, Restaurants, Liquor Stores, Catering, Non-Profit Groups, Golf Courses, Public Event Centers and Hotels. All liquor licenses sold or transferred are without encumbrance when passing to a new owner or newly issued from the state To sell beer or wine, annual license fees range from $28 to $392. To sell liquor, annual license fees range from $468 to $1820. Fees vary by county. Visit our License Types and Fee Charts for more information. References: F.S. Chapter 563.02; F.S. Chapter 564.02; F.S. Chapter 565.02; More Details: AB&T License Types (PDF) Additional Links: AB&T. 4. Are Quota liquor licenses available from the state or do I need to buy a license to run a beer, wine, and liquor lounge? A. Quota liquor licenses are issued one for every 2,500 in population in most counties based on the latest Federal Census and on population estimates in accordance with Florida law. Special liquo Wine, Beer and Hard Liquor Import & Distribution for sale in Florida Miami, FL Open Since 2008 (12 yrs. in business) Wine, Beer and liquor Import License (Federal.. The Commission licenses retailer licensees that sell beer, wine, and spirit for consumption on and off the premises throughout Michigan. You may find details on the different types of retailer licenses below. If you have additional questions, please feel free to contact the Commission's Licensing.
2COP BEER and WINE, on premise and package 6COP BEER, WINE and LIQUOR, on-premises and package 6COP SRX RESTAURANT, no package sales 6COP SR RESTAURANT, package sale 6COP S MOTEL, package sales 6COP SBX BOWLING, no package sales 6COP SPX BOAT, no package sales 3BPS BEER, WINE and LIQUOR, package sales only 3M ADDITIONAL LICENSE FOR 6COP, over. Licensing, Permitting, Consulting. Florida Business Investments, Inc. is as close to a One Stop hospitality Real Estate Brokerage firm that you will encounter.Bob Lasek, Broker, President has successfully brokered and closed over a thousand transactions of hospitality businesses and liquor licenses in the past 29 years. Our expertise encompasses a thorough knowledge of the industry. When it comes to alcoholic beverage tastings in Florida, the rules are different for beer, wine, and liquor. Rules for Beer Tastings (from Florida Statutes Section 563.09) Beer tastings may be conducted by manufacturer, distributor, importer or contracted third party agent. Beer tastings must occur on the premises of Florida restaurants that want to sell beer, wine and liquor-whether at a restaurant bar or to seated customers-must have a 4COP-SFS (formerly known as 4COP-SRX) license issued by the Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (ABT) pursuant to Florida Statutes Section 561.20(2)(a)4. To get a 4COP-SFS license, a Florida restaurant. Permits to sell alcoholic beverages. Retail permits that cover sale in restaurants, grocery stores, and convenience stores. Commercial permits cover the manufacture, importation, distribution, bottling or transportation of alcohol
If you are looking to obtain a beer and wine license and Florida I can help you South Carolina Department of Revenue Alcohol Beverage Licensing Columbia, SC 29214-0907 Phone: 803-898-5864 Fax: 803-896-011 Florida Liquor License Exchange FLLE@Alcohol-License.com Toll Free: 1-866-755-242 Beer And Wine License California Thursday, 20 July 2017. Florida Mvr License DRIVER'S LICENSE VIOLATIONS IN TEXAS - TMCEC :: Home Florida Drivers License 4. Original Social Security Card STEP 9 We will make copies, take your phone number and submit bring with you a 7 year Motor Vehicle Report. STEP 7 If you pass Safety Training Class you. TABC's Licensing Division can help you with all your licensing needs. Our teams support customers across the alcoholic beverage industry. We process close to 100,000 licenses and permits each year
How to Get a Beer and Wine License in Florida Glimpse Cor
If you're planning on opening a grocery store or convenience store in Florida with alcohol, you will need a Florida 3PS Liquor License. 3PS licenses are designated as off-premises licenses for the sale of packaged beer, wine, and liquor. This type of Florida liquor license does not allow for the sale of open containers of beer or wine
If you wish to sell beer or wine, you can apply for a consumption-on-premise license or a package license. There are no restrictions on the number of licenses issued to sell beer and wine. If you wish to sell liquor, a quota license must be purchased from another license holder
In Florida it is unlawful to import, export, manufacture, distribute, or sell alcoholic beverages without a license issued by the Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (ABT). The fee varies with the type of license - the greater the privilege, the higher the fee. A list of license types and fees is available on the ABT's website
Obtaining a liquor license is easier than every with Liquor License FL on your side. You will get your beer and wine license in Florida in no time, as this broker will be by your side every step of the way. 866-470-8881. info@liquorlicensefl.com . Facebook Twitter ; Casa . Servicios
Purchasing Alcohol . You must be 21 or older to purchase alcohol in Florida. While the general state law in Florida is that no alcohol can be sold, consumed, served, or permitted to be sold or served by anyone holding a liquor license between the hours of midnight and 7 a.m., counties and municipalities within the state are allowed to initiate different rules
Florida offers a finite number of liquor licenses each year. As one establishment closes, its liquor license is then freed up for another prospective licensee. The state holds an annual liquor license lottery with an entry fee of $100. The winners must pay a fee of $10,750 to claim their new licenses Average Cost of Beer and Wine License. A full liquor license can be obtained anywhere between $12,000 and $400,000. Licenses that are limited to beer and wine only can range from $3 to $5,000. In terms of hospitality business, a restaurant liquor license price can be as little as $500 and can be as expensive as $70,000, depending on location or.
(2) Each wine manufacturer authorized to do business under the Beverage Law shall pay an annual state license tax for each plant or branch he or she may operate, as follows: (a) If engaged in the manufacturing or bottling of wines and of nothing else, he or she shall pay $1,000 2APS is a Beer and Wine Package Sales license. 3PS is a license that allows drinking establishments to sell beer, wine and spirits. 4COP is a Consume on Premises license that allows the owner to sell beer wine or spirits on their business grounds Florida Liquor License Sales is managed by Scott C. Tepper, a licensed Florida attorney and Kelley Baldwin. With more than 20 years of experience in the alcoholic beverage industry, we are a direct-source for the sale, purchase and financing of Florida liquor licenses The seller's beverage license or tobacco permit number. The retailer's name. The retailer's beverage license or tobacco permit number. The retailer's address, including street address, city, state, and ZIP code. The general item type, such as cigarettes, cigars, tobacco, beer, wine, spirits, or any combination of those items
564.025 Surtax on license fees.— Each vendor of beverages containing alcohol of 0.5 percent or more by volume and not more than 14 percent by weight and of wines regardless of alcoholic content shall pay an annual surtax in an amount equal to 40 percent of the license fee imposed by s. 564.02 (1). History.—s. 25, ch. 86-269 A Gainesville, Florida Liquor License can only be obtained through an authorized government agency. Depending on the type of business, where you're doing business and other specific regulations that may apply, there may be multiple government agencies that you must contact in order to get a Gainesville, Florida Liquor License
Special Restaurant (pre-1958) 8COP/7COP/6COP/5COP/4COP license in Florida are specialty licenses for restaurants and caterers which allow businesses to sell beer, wine, and liquor on premises and for package sales in sealed containers Beer And Wine License California Friday, 1 December 2017. Class A License Florida Cost Orange (County Of) FL -- Moody's Assigns Aaa Issuer Rating To Orange Co., (FL) Moody's Investors Service has assigned a Aaa issuer rating to Orange County, FL. The outlook is stable. Hair Braiding Certification License In Florida Braidlicense. If you do find that you need to purchase a license, you will have to contact a broker, such as LiquorLicense.com. LiquorLicense.com connects buyers with sellers more frequently than any other brokerage firm in Florida, and for that matter the Nation. We constantly have Monroe County license available for sale
How to Obtain a License to Sell Beer & Wine in Florida
SRX liquor license also known as SFS liquor license is a special food service liquor license for the Duval county. They are also called as Restaurant only liquor licenses. The SRX liquor license permits to sell alcoholic beverages like beer, wine, and liquor in a restaurant for consumption-on-premises only Special Event Lic 9-12-17 Event will be held at a location without a permanent liquor license or if the event will be on any portion of a location that is not covered Please read A.R.S. § 4-203.02 Special event license; rules and R19-1-205 Requirements for a Special Event License..
Florida Liquor License Cost and Fees Liquor License F
Beer And Wine License California Monday, 4 September 2017. Oupv License Florida Florida International University Participant Year Type Name Master License 100 ton inspected Research Florida Boating Safety Identification Card Jason Marlow Lieutenant 20 Years OUPV Tom Nelson Officer 7 years Florida Boating Safety Identification Card. Florida state statute 562.165 represents one of the most comprehensive provisions allowing for the production of beer or wine in the home for personal or family use. The statute was last amended in 1983 Currently, Florida does not require a license in order to make DtC wine shipments to Florida residents. Any party legally permitted to make a sale of wine (e.g., a wine producer or retailer licensed by their home state) may ship wine to Florida residents with some conditions. STEP 4: Get In Touch with A DtC Exper
Your Guide to Obtaining a Liquor License in Florid
The Florida Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (the division) issues all state AB licenses Alcohol Beverage Permits Permits to sell alcoholic beverages. Retail permits that cover sale in restaurants, grocery stores, and convenience stores. Commercial permits cover the manufacture, importation, distribution, bottling or transportation of alcohol BizQuest has more Liquor License in Saint Petersburg, FL for sale listings than any other source. Whether you are looking to buy a Liquor License in Saint Petersburg, FL for sale or sell your Liquor License in Saint Petersburg, FL, BizQuest is the Internet's leading Liquor License in Saint Petersburg, FL for sale marketplace Beer And Wine License California Wednesday, 6 December 2017. My Florida Business License LICENSE AND ID CARD RENEWAL INFORMATION ANNUAL RENEWAL OF YOUR PEST CONTROL BUSINESS LICENSE Florida Statutes, (F.S.) your Pest Control Business License Application, (DACS Form 13605). View Documen
Licensing Portal - DBPR Online Application
Florida Liquor License Exchange FLLE@Alcohol-License.com Toll Free: 1-866-755-2427 Toll Free: 1-866-210-510 This installation is on what Florida licenses are needed to serve alcohol at catered events. Glover Law works with applicants for liquor licenses and many other licenses and permits issued by the Department of Business and Profession Regulation. Contact us for more information on the process
Liquor License - Miami-Dade Count
liquor license. Florida alcohol beverage laws generally allow restaurants meeting certain criteria to qualify for 4COP-SRX liquor licenses, which allow for the sale of beer, wine and spirits (hard liquor). Whereas a restaurant in Miami-Dade County used to have to be at least 4,000 square feet and have 200 seats, restaurants can now qualify for. To get a full liquor license in Florida, you will need to buy it from someone else or win it in the state lottery. To buy from someone else, it will cost between $180,000 and $250,000. If you win it in a lottery, you will pay only the Hughes Act fee is $10,750.00 which is collected from each entity that is issued a new quota liquor license and. (2) Any operator of railroads or sleeping cars in this state may obtain a license to sell the beverages mentioned in the Beverage Law on passenger trains upon the payment of an annual license tax of $2,500, the tax to be paid to the division. Such license shall authorize the holder thereof to keep for sale and sell all beverages mentioned in the Beverage Law upon any dining, club, parlor. Liquor Licenses in Florida 101: How To Get A Liquor License In Florida. Liquor licenses in Florida can get pretty complicated and pricey depending on what sort of license you need to obtain. Before you dive into the details, here's a backgrounder on how to get a liquor license in Florida: Beer and Wine Package Licenses Vs Liquor Licenses. If. Liquor License Florida can help anyone gain all the necessary information about liquor license laws and restrictions, as well as the documents and formalities that need to be undergone in order to gain the license. The previous rules allowed the selling of wine and beer in the early morning, at 7 a.m., but limited the same procedure when it.
Licensing Portal - Renew/Maintain - Florida Department of
The beer and wine bar (series 7) liquor license is a quota license available only through the Arizona Liquor License Lottery or for purchase on the open market. Once issued, this license allows a beer and wine bar retailer to sell and serve beer and wine, primarily by individual portions, to be consumed on the premises and in the original container for consumption on or off the premises They may choose one or two wines, one or two beers, and a couple signature drinks. The host of the event pays for the alcohol, and the mobile bar business takes care of the rest. It can seem like a mild inconvenience, but not having to apply and pay for a liquor license takes a large burden off the business owner's shoulders. Insuranc wholesale licenses (e.g., beer wholesalers, wine wholesalers, importers). Within each group are numerous types of licenses. Each license type has a different set of application requirements. All on-premises, off-premises, manufacturing and wholesale applications are provided through New York Business Express as fillable forms Florida Alcohol KLD and JDBW distributors of beer, wine and liquor need to obtain a surety bond for licensing. SuretyGroup.com has the bond you need. Apply online or call us today! (844) 432-663 A liquor license is an endorsement on your Business License issued by the Washington State Department of Revenue (DOR) Business Licensing. You must complete an additional Business License Application even if you already have a Business License to obtain a liquor license
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


15/12/2014 · 2) yes just make your UK PSN Account primary, and all the other accounts logged in your console can play that game easily, as well as be able to use the UK Account's PS Plus subscription; regardless of what regions other accounts belong in.... Full PS4 Crossover Support: This is the preferred and most popular method; the ability to connect both the Authentication controller and the gaming controller to your CronusMAX PLUS via a compatible USB Hub at the same time.
The key features of this new update is users who used the sub accounts can now have full control over their own master account, manage online ID, trophies and friends. how to get kitten to stop hissing at dog You can sign in as a guest or with your own psn account. You can play with many psn accounts at the same time. trophies would be awarded to those who earned them. You can play with many psn accounts at the same time. trophies would be awarded to those who earned them.
28/02/2017 · Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. how to turn someone over to collections 15/12/2014 · 2) yes just make your UK PSN Account primary, and all the other accounts logged in your console can play that game easily, as well as be able to use the UK Account's PS Plus subscription; regardless of what regions other accounts belong in.
6/07/2015 · To fix this, one of you buy plus and on you're respective PS4's, you set your main account as your brothers and he sets his main as yours. You will both get any games either of you buy as well. And no, this does not mean you have to use each other's accounts.
The key features of this new update is users who used the sub accounts can now have full control over their own master account, manage online ID, trophies and friends.
The PS4 gaming console can also accommodate your screenshots, videos, pictures, movies, and other multimedia files. Entertainment Beyond Gaming With access to entertainment apps like YouTube, Netflix, and Spotify, the Sony PS4 serves as your all-around entertainment hub.


This documentation details prerelease software. Its accuracy and reliability is not guaranteed by Procore Technologies, Inc. and it is subject to change without notice. It is being provided online for preliminary evaluation prior to an upcoming release. Procore is not responsible for and expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind with respect to this documentation and will not be responsible for any harm, loss, costs, or damages incurred due to its use.
When a Commitment Change Order (CCO) in a Procore project is synced with QuickBooks®, a link is created between the records stored in each system. Sometimes, users will inadvertently export a CCO from Procore and then discover that the exported data was incorrect. When this occurs, the link between the systems will first need to be deleted manually using the new Unlink button. Prior to this update, a user with 'Admin' level permission was required to send a email request to reset the CCO then users had to wait for the request to be processed. Now, a user with the appropriate permissions can perform that step on his or her own.


All tickets are good for any 2018/2018 season NDSO concert.
NDSO charges no processing fees for tickets purchased online. Tickets are mailed free of charge to buyers unless purchased within five days of a scheduled concert, in which case, tickets will be held at the box office for pick up no earlier than 45 minutes before the performance. Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Discover cards are accepted.
One 2018/19 season ticket. 62 and older.
Good for any 2018/2019 season NDSO concert.
Good for any 2018/2019 season NDSO concert. 62 and older.
Good for any 2018/2019 season NDSO concert.
Good for any 2018/2019 season NDSO concert.
Good for any 2018/2019 season NDSO concert. 62 and older.
Reserved seating for "Flight" on March 30, 2019.
Relax and enjoy your dinner, knowing that you have one of the best seats in the house. When you purchase the "Make a Night of It" reserved seating, you choose the performance seating of your choice and receive guaranteed dinner seating at the Culinary Institute of America's Ristorante Caterina de' Medici. Reserved seating is limited, and will sell out quickly.
This special package is limited and does not include the pre-concert dining experience fee. It is guaranteed reserved seating only.
Support and promote the growth of NDSO with special benefits for the members. Valid for the 2018/2019 Season.


text:
Owner closing mall's Benetton store VICTIM OF RECESSION
By Meredith Schlow
Joel Smeyne's daughters bought sweaters from Benetton i Europe long before their father had ever heard of the Italian company.
Now Smeyne owns two Benetton stores, but he is struggling to keep just one open. He has decided to close his Security Square Mall store within a month.
Benetton stores are independently owned by retailers who are licensed to sell the imported sportswear. Other stores in the area are not affected by Smeyne's decision.
L Smeyne is hoping to keep open his store in White Marsh Mall.
"I'm trying to salvage White Marsh," he said. "I would guess for 1991 I will lose $30,000 to $40,000, if we stay open, but I don't mind handling that if the future shows a turnaround."
Along with many other merchants, Smeyne said he has felt the effects of a drop in consumer spending.
"We have had steady decrease [in sales] since June '89," said Smeyne, explaining that revenues have been off about 21
percent. "The margin of profit is never all that great, and the long and the short of it is we started to lose money."
Smeyne's daughter Jill Cohen, manages the Security store. "We're just not getting the Benetton customers into the mall," she said. "Our sweater [prices] are upper end in White Marsh. At Security, where customers are less affluent, "they're out of range," she said.
Many Benetton sweaters cost more than $100.
"The economy is not good right now," said Cohen.
Smeyne refuses to blame his problems on the closing of the Hutzler's department stores in both malls during 1989. But he does say that Security's plans for a Montgomery Ward store in the former Hutzler's space "does not help my image."
Some of the Smeyne's six employees at Security have been offered positions at the White Marsh store. Others, mostly high school students, will be let go, according to Cohen.
For now, Smeyne will concentrate on running his amusement company, Resort Amusements. The Maryland corporation has six arcades, with three in Maryland, two in Delaware and one in Virginia.
The Security store may close sooner than originally planned.
"Our going-out-of-business sale is going better than expected, and frankly we're starting to hurt for merchandise," Smeyne said.


I was not able to find a post on this yet. Is it possible to build mentions / tagging (like Facebook or Twitter) in the forum?
For example "@Johnny, what do you think of this?" would ping user with handle Johnny with an email notification and would also become a clickable link "Johnny", which on click would redirect (or open up a new tab) to Johnny's profile.
This would be tremendously helpful.
It's a good idea @Otavio ;) Help to build community.
Myself, fellow Agents, and even my Customers are users of Discourse which has a lot of pros / cons compared to UserEcho (but is not appropriate for User Support Tickets).
"@user" mentions are a valuable feature of Discourse, as are notifications of direct replies (and the option to not be notified of indirect replies to a Topic).
While off Topic -- I make a general recommendation to spend some time looking at the various features of Discourse and considering which would make sense to add to UserEcho. Just one other example: Discourse offers the use of Markdown in the editor, instead of just the formatting toolbar. Markdown is easier than editing HTML, and on mobile devices, Markdown can often be easier than using the Formatting Toolbar.
+1 ... This would really help adoption of the product internally and create a more collaborative culture.


A new photo being shared by Syrian activists on social media Saturday shows men identified as rebel fighters in the city of Kafranbel with a banner linking their cause to Caitlyn Jenner coming out as a transgender woman.
The banner references the fact Jenner made a conscious choice to spell her name with a "C" when she revealed her new identity this week to separate herself from the other members of reality television's famed Kardashian clan who have names that begin with the letter "K."
Syrian activist Raed Fares posted a picture of the banner on Twitter Saturday. Fares has organized several similar displays in Kafranbel where members of the Free Syrian Army are fighting against the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and fighters affiliated with the jihadist group Islamic State (also known as ISIS).
Fares has said the goal of the banners is to generate awareness and support for the Syrian revolution. Thanks to her association with the Kardashians, Jenner's coming out was one of the most widely discussed stories in the media last week.


Hon. Consul General of Nepal to Victoria, Chandra Yonzon, and his wife, Laxmi Yonzon, attended Chhath Puja at Edwardes Lake, Reservoir on Tuesday, 13 November 2018. In his address, Consul General Yonzon applauded devotees and those who fasted for up to 36 hours. He expressed thanks to Madheshi Community in Victoria for organising Chhath Puja celebrations each year, and for the wonderful event held on Tuesday.
Chhath Puja celebrations are predominately held in southern parts of Nepal but festivities are held in many other parts of the world. Rituals are observed over four days, which include fasting, with the third day being the main festival day.
Hon. Consul General Yonzon was presented with a certificate of appreciation for the consulate's ongoing support for the community. The Hon Consul General and the consulate team would like wish everyone a wonderful and happy Chhath Puja.


text:
You asked: How can you prevent spinal cord injury complications?
What is the most common complication of spinal cord injury?
What are complications of spinal cord injury?
What precautions should you take when dealing with a spinal injury?
What are the symptoms of spinal cord problem?
Can the spinal cord repair itself?
How long is the acute phase of spinal cord injury?
How long does it take to recover from spinal injuries?
Is a spinal cord injury a chronic condition?
What are possible psychosocial effects of a complete spinal cord injury?
Is spinal cord injury a chronic illness?
What are the do's and don'ts of responding to back injury?
What is the C spine?
How do you transport a patient with a spinal injury?
Frequent complications of cervical and high thoracic SCI are neurogenic shock, bradyarrhythmias, hypotension, ectopic beats, abnormal temperature control and disturbance of sweating, vasodilatation and autonomic dysreflexia.
Medical Complications in Spinal Cord Injury
1 Introduction.
2 Autonomic Dysfunction. 2.1 Spinal Shock. …
3 Cardiovascular Dysfunction. 3.1 Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism. …
4 Respiratory Dysfunction.
5 Gastrointestinal Dysfunction. …
6 Urological Dysfunction. …
7 Sexual Dysfunction. …
8 Bone Metabolism Dysfunction.
If you suspect someone has a spinal injury:
Get help. Call 911 or emergency medical help.
Keep the person still. Place heavy towels or rolled sheets on both sides of the neck or hold the head and neck to prevent movement.
Avoid moving the head or neck. …
Keep helmet on. …
Don't roll alone.
IT IS INTERESTING: How does a prosthetic work?
Symptoms of a Spinal Cord Disorder
Weakness or paralysis of limbs.
Loss of sensation.
Changes in reflexes.
Loss of urinary or bowel control.
Uncontrolled muscle spasms.
Back pain.
Unlike tissue in the peripheral nervous system, that in the central nervous system (the spinal cord and brain) does not repair itself effectively.
Treatment for spinal cord injuries can be divided into to two stages: acute and rehabilitation. The acute phase begins at the time of injury, and lasts until the person is stabilized.
Recovery, if it occurs, typically starts a week to six months after an injury. The fastest rate of recovery is often seen in the first six months, but some people experience small improvements for up to one to two years.
Chronic spinal cord injury refers to a permanent and/or progressive interruption in the conduction of impulses across the neurons and tracts of the spinal cord. It may be due to mechanical distortion or vascular ischemia of the spinal cord arising from trauma, tumor, infection, or other space-occupying lesions.
Emotional and behavioral problems may develop or worsen after a SCI. There is often a period of adjustment after a spinal cord injury. Sometimes feelings of sadness or anxiety may develop. In some cases, clinical depression may develop.
IT IS INTERESTING: What do the nerves in the lumbar spine control?
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition that causes functional, psychological and socioeconomic disorder[1]. Long-term, secondary medical complications are common and play an important role in the continuum of care for patients with SCI[2,3].
Practice good posture and use judgement when lifting heavy items (ask another person to help you). Strengthen your core with abdominal exercises, which can protect your back. Do not sit in one position for long periods of time. Move around and stretch every 20 minutes to help prevent injury.
About the cervical spine
The cervical spine refers to the seven spinal bones (vertebrae) in the neck. It supports the head and connects to the thoracic spine. Most of the ability to turn the head comes from the top two segments of the cervical spine.
Land (ambulance) and air (helicopter or fixed-wing plane) are the primary modes available to transport the spinal injury patient. The goal is to expedite safe and effective transportation without an unfavorable impact on patient outcome.
What are cerebral reflexes and spinal reflexes?
What is a spinal reflex and why is it important?
Your question: What nerves are nerves that connect to the spinal cord?
Frequent question: Does tendon have cholesterol?
Is a condition in which there is an inflammation or thickening of the tendon sheath?
Question: What is the clinical course of osteoarthritis?
Can exercise slow down osteoarthritis?


Easishoppe subscribes to the Easigas Health and Environment Policy.
Visit the Easigas website (www.easigas.com) to access the Policy and Material Safety Data Sheet.
Our success rests on consistently maintaining high standards in all aspects of our operations.
Our work conforms to all applicable legislation including the SANS codes.


text:
Basic idea is to build a fresh image based on [Alpine Linux](https://alpinelinux.org/about/) to keep things small; there are plenty of images
which are good, but quite complex; custom image is a bit better as you have everything under control and it's not hard to maintain this kind of image.

Also it's simpler use custom image to solve some common problems in Docker
like [PID 1](https://blog.phusion.nl/2015/01/20/docker-and-the-pid-1-zombie-reaping-problem/). To prevent [zombie processes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zombie_process)
in the image, we have to run proper [init system](http://smarden.org/runit/). Even there are images solving this problem, it's a bit cleaner to
use existing system and understand, how the container works.

> `.docker` folder will hide all Docker related stuff to keep things clear.

?> **.docker/Dockerfile**

```dockerfile
FROM alpine:3.8

ENV LANG="en_US.UTF-8" \
    LANGUAGE="en_US:en" \
    LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"

# prepare the base filesystem
COPY .docker/rootfs /

RUN apk --update upgrade && apk add --no-cache \
	# proper init system; prevents zombie processes
	runit \
	# yay, webserver!
	nginx \
	# we need to download some stuff 'round
	curl \
	# believe in certificates
	ca-certificates \
	# some of the tools needs this
	unzip \
	# bash rulezz
	bash \
	# envsubst is hidden in this package needed to replace env variables in files
	gettext \
	# because of composer
	git \
	# a lot of php stuff
	php7 php7-fpm php7-gd php7-pdo_pgsql php7-bcmath php7-xml php7-curl php7-intl \
	php7-mbstring php7-xml php7-zip php7-zlib php7-openssl php7-json php7-fileinfo \
	php7-tokenizer php7-dom php7-xmlwriter php7-xmlreader php7-ctype php7-phar \
	# yes, both of them as they're updated in prod/local environemnts
	php7-opcache php7-xdebug

# setup executable on boot script
RUN chmod +x /bootstrap.sh

RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer
# turboplugin for composer to install dependencies much faster
RUN composer global require hirak/prestissimo --prefer-dist --no-progress

RUN rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*

WORKDIR /sandbox/bin
COPY bin/healthcheck healthcheck
RUN chmod +x healthcheck

# sandbox manager configuration
WORKDIR /sandbox/backend
COPY backend/ .

ENTRYPOINT ["/bootstrap.sh"]

HEALTHCHECK --timeout=3s --start-period=10s --interval=5s CMD ["/sandbox/bin/healthcheck"]

# formally expose ports used
EXPOSE 80
```

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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The Israeli outpost of innogy Innovation Hub, established in 2015, scouts for the most promising start-ups, and supports their growth through strategic investment, partnership and joint business development activities.
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We've defined four key focus areas in which we identified ourselves as a strategic investor and partner, to maximize the benefit we can bring to our portfolio start-ups.
Are you right for innogy?


No unread posts General Question About Retains/Persistant variables etc.
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No unread posts PFC200 XTR (exteme) also supported?


text:
A Spy In Her Own House
By CARL WAYNE ARRINGTON Sunday, June 24, 2001
Recently, a young actor at a party complimented actress turned novelist- screenwriter Carrie Fisher on her career transition, saying, "Gee, it must be great now that you are a writer. Now you get to call the shots."
"Not really," she replied, "but at least I get to fill some of the syringes."
These days Ms. Fisher is needling the world with several potent concoctions. A movie adaptation of her best-selling snort-and-chortle novel, Postcards from the Edge, has opened big. It features Fisher's screenplay directed by Mike Nichols, with Meryl Streep and Shirley MacLaine as the star-worn daughter and mother. There is also a new paperback edition of her novel to add to the media jet stream. And Fisher's lovelorn modern romance, Surrender the Pink, has just been published.
All that has created a high-angle trajectory of fame that has given her a cultural hat trick: both books are on the best-seller list, and the movie has grossed more than $23 million in its first three weeks.
Whether in a book, in cinematic ventriloquism or in the dangling conversations of her radio and television interviews, Fisher's words work like a Rorschach test. What she says is often what you feel. She feels it too. "I am a spy in the house of me. I report back from the front lines of the battle that is me," she explains. "I am somewhat nonplussed by the event that is my life."
The grist for her artistic mill is the jagged facts of her life. To sort these out you have to suspend normal conventions of reality and place yourself in her screenplay childhood. "Other people's fantasy was my reality," she says.
Her mother was known on marquees around the world as Debbie Reynolds, the queen of spunky beauty from the '50s. Dad was Cool Daddy-o singer Eddie Fisher. "I was born of a golden womb," says Carrie. People like Lucille Ball and Jimmy Stewart used to come for dinner. Candice Bergen was always at their house because her best friend was the family baby-sitter. Unfortunately, father Eddie just barely had time to bequeath his eyes and voice to Carrie and sire her brother Todd before he gallivanted off with famous film fatale Elizabeth Taylor. The whole affair ended badly and publicly. As her legacy from the broken fairy-tale family, Carrie got a wounded heart and an emotional predilection for "short Jewish men -- preferably musicians." Eddie's parental abdication left the kids to be raised by their extraordinary mother.
Even at an early age, Carrie was thoughtful and inquisitive. "She was always asking questions," recalls Debbie. "She was always searching for answers. A seeker." To cope with her mother's klieg-illuminated life, Carrie repaired to a world of private musings in journals and diaries. "I always wrote," she says, "even when it was just bad poetry like 'My nose runs/ my mind follows.' "
She attended the Professional Children's School in Los Angeles with the offspring of other famous people. "My life was like this kind of enviable weird thing that I spent my life apologizing for." Mother Debbie rebounded, marrying retail footwear magnate Harry Karl, who eventually drank and gambled his way through his millions and into debts large enough to swallow her fortune too. The bright starry life-style collapsed by 1972 into a Saturnian world with concentric rings of emotional pain, financial instability and psychological drama. "My mom had the breakdown for the family, and I went into therapy for all of us," says Carrie. To dig their way out of the financial hole, Debbie went back to Broadway, starring in the musical Irene. Carrie played in the chorus behind Mom. By 16 Carrie struck out on her own and went to London to attend the Central School of Speech and Drama for 1 1/2 years. "It was the only unobserved time in my life," she recalls.
At 18 she suffered a serious success as the central dramatic character, Princess Leia Organa, in the great modern movie myth Star Wars. Fisher then moved to New York City, determined to seek her fortune without the Reynolds wrap. She became a regular homegirl of the Samurai Night Live gang. She was good friends with the late John Belushi and seriously dated Dan Aykroyd. She casually nurtured an acting career with two more Star Wars films, had a role in Under the Rainbow and a part in The Blues Brothers.
In 1983, at 27, she married singer Paul Simon. They had been friends for seven years, but the stormy marriage lasted only 11 months. Or so. Winds of the tempest that was their love affair blow through both her novels and through Paul's passionately painful songs like Hearts and Bones and Crazy Love Part II. The names have been changed, but the feelings haven't. "We are built more for public than private," says a Postcards character.
Somewhere along the line, drugs became a convenient escape route. She took the prescription drug Percodan for the ongoing heartbreak and pain, and she dropped LSD ritually for transcendent illumination. "Drugs became a way of blunting the sharpness of the juts. Juts-tapositioning oneself," she says. "I always wanted to blunt and blur what was painful. My idea was pain reduction and mind expansion, but I ended up with mind reduction and pain expansion." Her excesses eventually landed her in a hospital emergency ward, having her stomach pumped.
Writing rushed in to fill the void that had been occupied by drugs. Her first sprawling demi-autobiographical outpourings were bound and ungagged between the covers of Postcards in 1987. The gist of the haywire parable is that fame and fortune are no shield; things can go very wrong in rich families with smart, talented people too. The book is less about the outlaw romance of drug abuse than about the process of picking up the pieces. She explains, "The facts don't change, just the fiction that you make up about them."
While Fisher admits that she draws on her personal experiences for her work, her characters have facets borrowed from several people. Surrender the Pink takes her thematically out of drug rehab and into romance rehab. It is hard not to read it as a roman a clef about the flopped relationship with Simon. It is the tale of a soap-opera scribe who goes to the Hamptons and finds herself stalking her playwright ex and his new girlfriend. In a frenzy of neurotic obsession, she steals into their house to eavesdrop. "I didn't really do any of that," she says, adding, "but I might." Just to make the flame of intrigue burn brighter, Simon has a new album with a song called She Moves On that might be mistaken for the wistful lament of an ex. She says, he says. A kind of call-and-response in the modern media garden.
While Fisher seems glib on the outside, her witticisms are emotional bandages in disguise. She's been seeing a psychiatrist regularly for 18 years, has been through 13 est workshops, and has sampled just about all 57 varieties of excess and illumination available in Western civilization.
She is an admitted Twelve Step-following, A.A.-attending, God-grant-me-the- se renity, flat-out, media-flaunting drug addict. But she is such a fetching one, not menacing or dangerous. Everyone's doing fine now. Fisher has remained "clean and legal" for nearly five years. And thanks for asking.
Director Nichols has been a witness to Mondo Carrie for most of her life and says, "There is a thing in her voice that is tuned so that in our ears there is something that says, 'This one is for me. This experience, this line, this job, this truth, this woman is especially for me.' That's the secret of her enormous charm, and she is so utterly and completely charming that she captivates people left and right. There is a kind of path of smitten people in her wake."
Fisher, now 33, takes her wacky, wise sensibility into her daily life. She says, "My personality has an emergency to it like a bad dress." At the drop of a premise, she can talk about Albert Camus's "amusing broodings" or the probity of Madonna's grabbing her crotch on TV. She proclaims a new movie idea, the story of Hitler's illegitimate son. She calls it The Doug Hitler Story. It is the tale of a young man who finds out at age 30 that he is the blood progeny of the Fuhrer. One night his mother gets drunk and screams at him, "You're just like your father! What are you going to do -- roll over me like the tanks going into Poland?" A little social criticism? "Show me a child with a simple, happy uncomplicated childhood, and I'll show you Dan Quayle," she says with a slightly snarlish smile. Like Woody Allen's Whore of Mensa, she is a high-I.Q., postmodern premillennial uberchick.
As an actress, in recent years she has broadened her casting range from just Princess to Princess Pal. In When Harry Met Sally . . . and in Hannah and Her Sisters she played the Friend much like herself: chatty, astute, troubled, warm, engaging, empathic and wry.
She is at the center of a circle of bright, successful friends -- a post- Beatles hipster Algonquin Table that cellularly convenes to muse and amuse. She survives the mottled curse of fame by fostering deep, intimate friendships. Her coterie ranges from her ex's 18-year-old son to a 71-year-old psychiatrist and includes director Penny Marshall, comic philosopher Albert Brooks, actor Richard Dreyfuss, musicians Don Henley and J.D. Souther, and many more.
For her side, Fisher is still always stalking and recording the wild anecdote:
I once went to South America and took a drug there called ayahuasco. I was actually there with my ex-husband. He had laid down his head on my lap, and I put my hand on his forehead and it felt like it was pulsing and growing and WARRRrrhh. Every once in a while they would shine a flashlight. Every time they did, bugs would scurry on the walls. And that was no hallucination. They brought this woman in who had to be carried in. And the shaman sang over her. La-la-la-la-la-la-la. Jamorino heh-heh-heh. The Indian thing, right. La-la-la- la-la-la-luh. It was a healing song -- though I am sure that the woman is no longer with us. Then the guy explained to us that we might see snakes -- the anacondas -- coming toward us. That was fantastic. I went to South America a bunch of times. But no snakes ever came. So I didn't get anything from it, but I like those drugs.
Fisher comes by her boldness genetically. Her grandmother is a marvelously blunt character who, after seeing the movie of Postcards, said loudly, "I don't know how they made such a great movie out of such a lousy book." And her legendary mother is feisty, circumspect, keen and nurturing. "It is always an interesting fight," says Fisher, "for the remaining chair in the musical chairs of who is going to get the focus in the room. But she always gets the chair because she is the mother." Fisher tilts toward her grandmother's wise grandeur and is currently at work on her third novel called -- what else? -- Delusions of Grandma.
Even before her current burst of renown, Fisher had become a sought-after scriptwriter. Film rights to Surrender have been sold to Paramount with Steven Spielberg producing and Fisher supplying the dialogue. She's also finishing a film script called Christmas in Las Vegas, a recast, modern Hansel and Gretel tale based on one of her short stories.
Through the therapy of writing about her woes and heartache, Fisher is finding perhaps not happiness but at least satisfaction, day by day. And she is in love. His name is Bryan Lourd. He is a talent agent and four years younger than she. She'd like to have a baby. She lives in a colorful, comfortable cabin in Beverly Hills that is filled with knickknacks like miniature cities in bottles, cutouts of the Seven Dwarfs and a large cow decoy. Jack Nicholson's comment upon visiting the abode was: "Just exactly how old are the children?" While she sorts that out, she'd still like a good gander at a giant anaconda.


text:
1,5 K reviews
Boehringer Ingelheim Careers and Employment
For more than 125 years, Boehringer Ingelheim has been committed to the research and development of innovative medicines that help bring more health to patients and their families. As a privately-held, family-owned pharmaceutical company, Boehringer Ingelheim is able to take a long-term view and invest heavily in science.
Our vision – value through –
See Why Join Us
Cra 11 Nº 84-09 Piso 5º COLOMBIA BOGOTA
1,001 to 5,000
more than R100bn
Boehringer Ingelheim website
What is it like to work at Boehringer Ingelheim?
Written by Senior Accountant (Current Employee) from Johannesburg, Gauteng on 8 November 2017
Boehringer has really grown me in the sense of massive exposure to the day to day workings of a large, multi-national entity.
Management is very understanding and the culture here is very accepting and open.
Hardest part of the job is month-end reporting deadlines and the enjoyable part of the job is meeting project expectations.
Flexy times
The disconnect between us in SA and our colleagues in Germany.
See all 1 507 Boehringer Ingelheim reviews
What are people saying about the leadership at Boehringer Ingelheim?
of employees approve of Dirk van Niekerk's performance as CEO
CEO Approval is based on 627 ratings
Written by Medical Librarian (Current Employee) from Randburg, GP on 20 October 2014
Research into various diseases and medical products.
Learned about all the available research resources and databases in medicine.
Flexi time.
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What jobs are available at Boehringer Ingelheim?
Pharmacovigilance / Regulatory Affairs Pharmacist
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Melanie Haynes has been a professional actress and voice over performer for over 20 years. It all started when, at age two, she began performing by reciting nursery rhymes while standing on the kitchen table. She was born in and grew up in a very small town in Kansas - Cherokee, Kansas population 800. She satisfied the performing urge early on with dance classes and performances, cheer leading, twirling, debate, drama, band, choir, etc. – generally performing every chance she had. After high school graduation, her family moved to Texas where she received a bachelor's degree in Theater from the University of Houston. She then pursued a dancing career with the Houston Jazz Ballet Company performing locally and touring under the direction of Patsy Swayze.
After four years with the company, she decided it was time to pursue her first love - acting. She signed with an agent, and having been blessed with a good voice in addition to acting ability, she decided to look into voice over work to multiply her chances of keeping busy and avoiding having to get a "real job". As it turned out, there were many more professional voice over jobs than on camera acting jobs available in Houston, and so voice work became her bread and butter. The market was booming in the early 80's, keeping her busy with radio and television commercial voice over work as well as voice on camera commercials, industrial films, theater, and feature film. Her first film role was in a made for TV movie, titled "The Face of Rage". In it, she enjoyed working with Academy Award winner, Dianne Wiest.
Melanie, a member of Actor's Equity, AFTRA and SAG, served on the board of AFTRA/SAG for 15 years and as the President of the Houston Local Branch for two terms. She continued performing in theater, television and film as she got married and then raised three sons.
Since establishing her own audio studio in 2002, literally, a whole new world of clients has welcomed her. Everyday, she records and uploads audio files to clients around the world. Most find her through her web site: http://www.melaniehaynes.com Often she works "live" with studios on both coasts and Europe via ISDN and Source Connect.


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News – Tagged "Debt free"– Annette & Co.
Are you personally debt free yet?
Tackling debt can be challenging especially when starting a new business. In this article, you'll discover 7 simple steps to tackling debt in your business.
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Continuing Resolution #5: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly for Children
The fifth Continuing Resolution (CR), released by the House of Representatives with a vote expected today, would temporarily extend funding for virtually all federal programs serving children for the current fiscal year that began 129 days ago until March 23.
At that point, the federal government will be through nearly half the entire fiscal year and still not have set a budget for the vast majority of children's programs.
"Government by short-term patches and brinksmanship shows just how dysfunctional our nation's federal government has become. This is unacceptable for the millions of children and families across this country that are being harmed by Congress's failure to act," said Bruce Lesley, president of the First Focus Campaign for Children. "President Trump and Congress must sit down and resolve this stalemate once and for all and get this country back on track toward solving the problems that face our nation's next generation."
The following are the good, bad, and ugly provisions for children that are either included or left out of this fifth CR.
Families First: The CR includes language that strengthens families by providing upfront evidence-based prevention services to children at risk of coming into foster care, including mental health, substance abuse, and in-home parenting programs to keep families together and prevent foster care placements. The language also ensures more foster children are placed with families, ending federal reimbursement when states inappropriately place children in non-family settings.
Child Welfare Program Extensions: The CR reauthorizes (at current levels) an additional four years for the Promoting Safe and Stable Families and Child Welfare Services programs (including the Court Improvement Program), the Adoption and Legal Guardianship Incentive Payments, and the Regional Partnership Grant program.
Community Health Centers (CHCs): After expiring 129 days ago, CHC funding is extended for two years in this CR to end the CHC current and immediate financial crisis. However, another expiration of funding would come again in less than 20 months from now. Although two years is an important step, five years of funding is necessary to allow CHCs to preserve their staff, clinics, and health services and establish long-term stability for their work in serving low-income children and families.
Family to Family (F2F) Information Centers: The CR provides a two-year extension of funding to F2F Centers that serve as a central source for families of children and young adults with disabilities and special health care needs to obtain support, advocacy, and information about health care. The extension also provides for the establishment of F2F Centers in the territories and the tribal communities, although five years of funding would provide much greater stability for these programs.
Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP): Although the last CR provided for a six-year extension of CHIP, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has found that a 10-year extension would save the federal government an additional $5-6 billion. This CR fails to take advantage of this unique opportunity to stabilize and protect CHIP for the long term, eliminate the unnecessary CHIP funding shortfall that was included in the last CR beginning in FY 2024, and billions of dollars in savings that could be used to extend funding for all the other programs with short-term extensions mentioned in this release.
The Debt Ceiling: The CR fails to address the looming deadline for a vote to increase the debt limit—which will determine if the U.S. government can pay its bills. Gambling with the debt limit reduces business confidence, stresses financial markets, and delays critical payments for programs on which many Americans depend – including food assistance to children, Social Security, Medicare benefits and payments to the military and our veterans. Crisis management of the debt limit is dangerous and irresponsible. Congress should increase the debt ceiling as part of the 5th Continuing Resolution for FY'18 and improve the process in a thoughtful manner eliminating the need to guess when "extraordinary measures" to pay our bills may be exhausted and the government would default on our nation's debt.
Funding for Non-Defense Discretionary (NDD) Children's Programs: The CR harms children by offering sequestration relief for defense spending for the current fiscal year (FY 2018), without doing the same for NDD spending. NDD spending funds a majority of the programs serving children and families, and as a result of unsustainable budget caps, NDD spending on children has seen a real percent cut of 0.78 percent since 2014. Meanwhile, the share of the federal budget going to children is at an all-time low of 7.75 percent. Without sequestration relief for domestic spending, the federal government cannot prioritize the programs that educate, strengthen, and protect children—which are just as imperative for ensuring the future security of our nation as investments in defense spending.
Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) Program: The CR does not include funding for the Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) program, which expired more than four months ago. MIECHV supports effective home visiting services that help children and families improve their health, educational attainment and ability to work to support themselves. Congress needs to renew this important program for five years at no less than its current funding of $400 million annually. In fact, an extension of CHIP for 10 years would more than pay for a simultaneous long-term extension of MIECHV – a win-win for low-income children and families.
Disaster Relief: This CR omits much-needed disaster relief for emergency supplemental funding to enable Texas, Florida, Puerto Rico, and California to continue their recovery from Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria and the California wildfires. Congress has yet to deliver on funding that it promised nearly two months ago, and as a result, families and children in these regions continue to lack desperately needed resources.
Medicaid Shortfalls in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands: This CR fails to address an enormous crisis whereby Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands are rapidly running out of Medicaid funding to provide health coverage to hundreds of thousands of American citizens. Due to the fact that Medicaid provides an inadequate level of block grant funding to the territories, limiting their access to Medicaid funding, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands face a crisis demanding immediate action from Congress for these citizens.
DREAM/Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA): The CR continues to woefully ignore a much-needed DACA fix for over 800,000 immigrants. Congress has had more than four months to come up with a solution to a problem created by President Trump's decision to repeal DACA protections for nearly 1 million young people who know only the United States as their home. The President has indicated that he will not change the current March 5 expiration date for DACA recipients. These recipients and their families, including 200,000 U.S. citizen children, are facing a great deal of uncertainty and fear, heightened by each passing day that a deal is not made. Congress must address DACA as soon as possible to end the needless trauma that has been inflicted on these hardworking immigrants and their families.
Federal Budget Press Release


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Q: Timestamp error when trying to import .dmp data postgresql I have a dump of a huge database (around 30gb) that I'm trying to import to pg admin 3.
There are around 600 tables in the database - and it all works fine until the last ~50 tables are reached...
I'm importing the dump via the cmd prompt
Here's the error message I get:
ERROR:  invalid input syntax for timestamp: »S«
KONTEXT:  COPY XXXX, Line 100970, Spalte odb_created_at: »S«
I really have no idea how to handle this error since I cannot open the script in any editor
BR

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The People's Champ Movement (PCM) is a political party in the Philippines, currently affiliated with the PROMDI and previously the United Nationalist Alliance. It is led by Manny Pacquiao, who founded the party, and is mainly based in General Santos and Sarangani.

The party also ran for a seat in the congress in the 2019 elections, but they ranked 97 out of 134 running party-lists, thus not winning a seat. The votes they have are only 60,040, 0.22% of the national votes.

Members

The party has four elected officials:

 Elmer De Peralta - Vice-Governor of Sarangani
2016-Present
 Jinkee Pacquiao – Vice-Governor of Sarangani
2013–2016
 Steve Solon – Governor of Sarangani 2013–
Present and Vice-Governor 2007–2013
 Manny Pacquiao – Senator of the Philippines
2016–Present and Leader of PCM

References

Conservative parties in the Philippines
Local political parties in the Philippines
Politics of South Cotabato
Politics of Sarangani
Political parties established in 2010
2010 establishments in the Philippines
Regionalist parties
Regionalist parties in the Philippines

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Mobile Friendly Navigation Toolbar, shortly known as navbar, is a back-port of toolbar in Drupal 8. The problem it tries to solve is pretty obvious from it's name.
Navbar is an often used module in our Drupal projects. In our recent project we were asked to develop a bunch of menus to quickly access admin pages as and when needed. Unlike Shortcuts, we want this appear dynamically like notification.


text:
namespace LibRbxl.Instances
{
    public class RocketPropulsion : BodyMover
    {
        public override string ClassName => "RocketPropulsion";

        public float CartoonFactor { get; set; }
        public float MaxSpeed { get; set; }
        public float MaxThrust { get; set; }
        public Vector3 MaxTorque { get; set; }
        public BasePart Target { get; set; }
        public Vector3 TargetOffset { get; set; }
        public float TargetRadius { get; set; }
        public float ThrustD { get; set; }
        public float ThrustP { get; set; }
        public float TurnD { get; set; }
        public float TurnP { get; set; }
    }
}


Chat conversation analysis requires a lot of processing power. And that's because Deep Learning, the AI technique that underpins chat optimization, involves analyzing large datasets and repeatedly 'training' algorithms on these datasets. Computer Engineers have re-purposed computer hardware to facilitate these processor-intensive tasks.
In a traditional computing system, the Central Processing Unit is the system element that executes tasks – most often several tasks simultaneously. If your computer is running slower than desired, you can open up the Central Processing Unit monitor to kill tasks that are occupying your processing power. You may also be familiar with the names of various CPUs, such as Intel Core processors, which are popular for consumer machines.
Although the power and speed of today's processors is more than sufficient for everyday applications, Artificial Intelligence requires more computing power. To meet this need, the GPU manufacturer, Nvidia, invented a programming model called CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture). CUDA harnesses the power of another computing system component, the GPU. The Graphical Processing Unit is usually dedicated to graphics-intensive programs, such as video games, nonlinear video editing, and design applications. But with Nvidia's CUDA, it's possible to use GPUs for parallel processing of other applications, such as chat conversation analysis, machine learning, scientific, and engineering computing applications.
A CPU consists of four to eight cores, while a GPU consists of hundreds of smaller cores. Together they operate to crunch through the massive data in a chat application. The high compute performance of a GPU is due to its massive architecture.
The point of CUDA is to write code that can run on compatible massively parallel SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) architectures. This includes several GPU types as well as non-GPU hardware such as NVIDIA Tesla. Massively parallel hardware can run a significantly larger number of operations per second than the CPU at a similar financial cost yielding performance improvements of 50× or more when analyzing live chat data. One of the benefits of CUDA over earlier methods of high-performance computing is that a general-purpose language is available. Instead of having to use pixel and vertex shaders to emulate general-purpose computers, the language is based on C with a few additional keywords and concepts. This makes it a fairly easy language for non-GPU programmers to pick up.
NVIDIA recently took a giant step toward an accelerator processor architecture customized for artificial intelligence (AI). NVIDIA pioneered the development of artificial neural networks through deep learning with the company's GPUs and CUDA software platform. NVIDIA accounts for the majority of deep learning networks in use today. However, while the GPU has proven very effective in parallel processing since the addition of cores, TIRIAS Research has maintained that even NVIDIA would need to eventually migrate to architectures dedicated to AI while preserving its tools and ecosystem to advance its platforms further. Nvidia networks are clearly advantageous for processing live chat data and conducting chat conversation analysis that yields actionable insights.
Most recently, NVIDIA developed the next generation GPU architecture called Volta. Although still referred to as a Graphical Processing Unit, Volta is much more. In addition to enhancing the GPU architecture, NVIDIA added 640 new tensor cores capable of processing 4x4x4 matrix multiplies. This provides a specialized mathcore that works in conjunction with the standard GPU CUDA cores to add additional processing for deep learning environments. It also accelerates the process of inferring a value based on a trained model, making it useful as an inference engine. NVIDIA essentially put accelerator cores in an accelerator.
Google took a similar route when in developing its proprietary Tensor Processing Unit (TPU). With the tensor core capabilities incorporated into the NVIDIA SDK libraries, runtimes like cuDNN (a CUDA based library for Deep Neural Networks), and TensorRT (a high performance neural network interface), developers will be able to take advantage of the increase in performance from the tensor cores in their AI frameworks without rewriting their applications. Combining NVIDIA's Volta and Google's TPUs will provide huge computation power and can help in deriving insights from large chat data.