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Read Next:	China's Enlight Projects at Least 95% Fall in Net Profit in First Half of 2019
How Jon Favreau Combined CGI and One Real Boy to Remake 'The Jungle Book'
By James Rainey
James Rainey
Senior Film Reporter @RaineyTime	FOLLOW
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CREDIT: Courtesy of Disney
Jon Favreau was just a small child when he saw the original "Jungle Book," but the film made a deep impression. The actor-director still vividly recalls majestic elephants on the march, the "hypnotic eyes" of the python Kaa and the man cub Mowgli riding down the river on the belly of the good-times bear, Baloo.
"You are a kid, and the cement [of your mind] is still really wet. You are imprinting very deeply," the filmmaker said of the images from Disney's 1967 animated film, which he said filled his childhood dreams.
Those age-old connections became both the challenge and, eventually, the blessing for Favreau when, nearly a half century later, Disney asked him to direct a remake of the animated favorite. Favreau talked about the opportunities the film presented in a meeting last month with a small audience of industry colleagues and press, while screening portions of the film, which debuts April 15.
"You are serving many masters when you make a film like this," Favreau told the gathering at the El Capitan Theater. "You are trying to honor the memory, the emotional memory of people who grew up with this stuff. But you are also trying to make a movie that appeals to the full audience. … That is really what Disney set out to do."
Favreau, 49, said when Disney first asked him to reimagine the cartoon, he was less than enthused. He was not sure how to improve or expand on the original. But Disney had scored successes converting other animated classics to live action — like 2014's "Maleficent" (from 1959's "Sleeping Beauty") and 2015's "Cinderella" (from the 1950 original).
Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn encouraged the director to rethink "Jungle Book" with the kind of computer-generated imagery that had enlivened films like "Life of Pi" and "Avatar." "Alan said, let's really embrace this new technology and see what we can do if we push it to its limit," Favreau recalled.
The result is a film with only one live action character — the boy separated from his family in the jungle, played by the newcomer Neel Sethi. He is nurtured and menaced by a menagerie of animals created first with an array of technologies, from animation, to motion capture and finally to live-action shots of Sethi.
"If the kid was walking 12 feet, we built 12 feet of jungle," Favreau said. "Each set was built for a single shot."
A one-time "luddite" known to audiences for his acting turns and effects-light films like "Swingers" and "Chef," Favreau described his growing affinity for filmmaking that extends beyond the practical. He said it began with his directorial work in "Elf," grew substantially when he made "Iron Man" and reached an apogee with "Jungle Book."
Favreau's team included visual effects supervisor Rob Legato, acclaimed for helping conceive the images in "Avatar" and other films, including "The Wolf of Wall Street." The special effects team creating the virtual world included the Moving Picture Company (MPC) and Peter Jackson's Weta Digital.
Favreau showed the industry crowd early tests from "Jungle Book's" pre-production — clips of animated birds, rippling water and other natural elements. He said the work persuaded him that CGI could now be used to reach far beyond the "hard surfaces" it had created in many action and superhero films, including his "Iron Man." "I thought, 'If we really set it up, could we do something that took it the level where you were watching something that was either photo-real or pleasantly elegant and beautiful and hypnotic?'"
The reaction of the audience at the El Capitan – with plenty of "oohs" and "ahhs" as Disney screened chase and fight scenes and Mowgli's meeting with Baloo — seemed to suggested the answer was yes.
Though the director and Legato focused on the technical wizardry that created most of "Jungle Book's" images, the director said he realized they needed something more than a realistic world. So they added mythical elements — outsized animals to create a sense of awe and heightened menace from the animated original. "We play with a tone that has a lot more jeopardy and where survival isn't necessarily a given," Favreau said.
But technology enhanced lighter elements, too, lending some of the stars an anthropomorphic twist. Motion capture and other technology helped introduce Bill Murray's distinctive lifted eyebrow, for instance, to Baloo. "We tried to do it enough so you would see the soul of the actor," Favreau said, "but not so much that it took you out of the reality of the movie."
For all the high-flying computer-generated images, though, Favreau conceded that "Jungle Book" will rise and fall largely on whether audiences connect with the lone human on screen. The director said he had begun to worry during a prolonged casting effort about whether he would find the right boy.
He had seen 2,000 children from across the globe to play Mowgli when he finally met Sethi in the summer of 2014; the 10-year-old popped up in New York.
He appears in nearly every scene of "Jungle Book." "When someone is on the screen that much of the movie, you don't want someone you go tired of," said Favreau. "You're going to need someone who holds the screen and is interesting to watch." He said Sethi had an impishness and physicality that reminded him of the animated Mowgli he first saw on the screen decades ago.
"You have to breath life into this thing," Favreau said, "otherwise it's just an exercise in technology. It needs to have a beating heart in there, and that is what your cast brings you."


As part of a recurring feature on Failed Critics about some of the best TV episodes of all-time, I contributed this piece about an episode of Gravity Falls.
Spoilers of varying degrees for Gravity Falls abound throughout this article, up to and including a short scene from Season 2 Episode 8, "Blendin's Game". You are strongly advised to go and watch Gravity Falls before reading this article.


You may remember the casting we put out called "Paid gig ($15,000) for models with tear sheets". We couldn't say what is was for then, but we can now and Alexis Farmer is one of the stars along along with two of our other subscribing members: Aspen Widowson and Jassmine Amos.
Yep, $45,000 was paid out to three of our members, and there's still $100,000 waiting for the named spokes-model! So what's the show? And what who will the winner be presenting?
The show is called Model Employee. It's a reality based docudrama that chooses a winner to become the spokes-model for MGM's Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino. Someone will be plastered all over Las Vegas on billboards, in ads and on posters, you'll have to watch to find out who.
3 of the 8 models on the show were member subscribers: That's nearly 40%!
19 members got on camera interviews. More than any agency or other source.
Alexis' CAT-Shoot was in 2011. We loved the results, and Alexis, and have been following her since. Right now, she's up for a FHM international print feature we hope to be able to show you soon.
Hi Alexis, what can you tell us about the show?
This show is about 8 accomplished models who are competing to be the spokes-model for Mandalay Bay. We were put through a series of dirty, rigorous jobs and competitions in hopes that we would gain a clear understanding of what the employees of Mandalay Bay go through on a day to day basis in order to keep a hotel successful and please the resort guests.
You mean like real hotel type jobs? Cleaning rooms, carrying bags, making food?
Well, I can't be specific about it, but we definitely got our hands dirty. It was definitely a lot of hard work. I have a whole new respect for what goes on behind the scenes inside a big resort like Mandalay Bay, and real admiration for the employees that make it all happen for all their guests. Those are some tough jobs!!
Aside from all that dirty work, did you get to show off your skills as a model and ambassador?
How long were you in Vegas for?
If all of us competing said how long we were there, you'd be able to figure out the order we went home. So let me say that everyone was there more than a few weeks. But you couldn't have asked for a nicer place to be at.
That still must have had some drawbacks. Did it affect things back home?
There was some business missed, and auditions as well, but I can't complain about that. After all, I was working a great gig. Being away from my 3 yr old daughter was the most mentally challenging and emotional part of it all. I've never been away from her for longer than a day or two, if that. She was the motivation behind it all though.
Did you get to go out while in Vegas or was it work, work, work?
Like any employee, we of course did get a day off and there were a few fun times on those days. But truthfully, I was wiped. It was really hard work. Not to mention, it was a treat to be able to just hang around and enjoy the gorgeous surroundings at Mandalay Bay. They really have the whole resortist thing down, I sure felt like one when I wasn't working.
I know it's not out yet, so the best is still to come. But, have you benefitted at all from doing the show yet?
Absolutely, yes! Being a singer in the music world has been an uphill battle, and because of the show, I have met and worked with some of the biggest names in the music industry. I can't publicly disclose any names, but there are big things ahead!! Keep an ear out baby!
That's really awesome. What's more important to you, music or modeling?
I have been modeling most my life and I've done very well. Modeling has always payed the bills and allowed me to have a flexible schedule with school and being a single mother. However, music is where my heart is. I've been performing since I was 12. When I'm writing and performing a song, my mind goes into another realm and every stressor in my life disappears. It's truly magical when an artist can put their life in words and turn that into a melody an audience can relate to.
Because we were involved with the casting, I'd love to get an opinion of how that went. You met with Pam Frazier who everyone always loves, tell us about the process?
That's not surprising, I loved her too. I've been on a lot of castings and auditions, and that was my favorite by far. First, and thanks to you guys, I was treated like a VIP from the beginning and Pam made me feel so comfortable. She and I talked for a little while and then there was my on camera test. Being so comfortable made that go really well.
So, I have to ask: Will you be the next Mandalay Bay spoke-model?
Model Employee, a Studio Lambert production produced by Madwood Media is currently set to start airing on VH! in early May 2013.
Models: Alexis Farmer, Aspen Widowson, Britany Trankino, Jassmine Amos, Johanna Daru, Shannone Holt, Sonja Ewy and Shah Granville.


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Sustainability and the Five Forces Model
Evan Tylenda
Former Analyst, SASB
How is sustainability driving competitive strategy?
In 1979, Michael Porter developed his now famous "Porter's Five Forces" model, bringing together for the first time economic analysis with competitive firm strategy, showing the world that managers and businesses often define competitive strategy too narrowly.
The phenomenon of narrowly defining competitive strategy is occurring again. Companies, managers, and investors are leaving value on the table by not accounting for or understanding how sustainability topics affect industry performance and business operations. To expand the scope of competitive strategy, it is necessary to ask how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues are shifting the industry landscape and creating new opportunities and threats to firms' strategic positions.
To best explore this question, the lens of Porter's Five Forces is helpful to see how accounting for and managing sustainability issues play an increasingly important role in defining competition within an industry:
1. Threat of New Entrants
In the office furniture industry, the sustainability characteristics and certification requirements of furniture products act as a likely barrier to new entrants. Larger, incumbent firms are better able to build at scale, and to more efficiently certify products that can add to the LEED certification of new buildings. The costs and expertise needed to obtain sustainable certifications, such as those issued by the BIFMA or FSC can also create barriers to entry for smaller or new firms. These certifications can lead to significant added expenses, with costs up to 30-40 percent more than traditional materials, which can be minimized through larger-scale operations.
2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
The bargaining power of suppliers increases when relatively few alternatives are available to downstream firms, allowing suppliers to dictate prices. In the food and beverage industry, supply-chain exposure to climate change is increasing as issues of water and resource scarcity can lead to higher prices for inputs. One beverage company has stated that they face increasing "raw material, commodity, and water costs as a result of weather, climate changes, and the availability of water." The risk of long-term adverse impacts on beverage companies' ability to secure key ingredients has led to the development of strategies and partnerships to lower exposure to the pricing pressure of suppliers, particularly in water-stressed regions. For example, a coalition of leading global beverage companies has formed the Beverage Industry Environmental Roundtable, in part to promote sustainable and water-efficient agriculture as a means of lowering its input prices.
3. Bargaining Power of Buyers
Large retail customers can have significant bargaining power over suppliers and influence the sustainability characteristics of the products they purchase and ultimately sell to consumers. This may directly result from a retail company's competitive strategy to address growing consumer demand for sustainable products. For example, the Sustainable Product Expo, a retail industry summit convened by Walmart, brought together 16 CEOs to accelerate supply-chain innovation toward products and processes that are more efficient and produce less waste. Walmart also uses a sustainability scorecard to influence the more than 100,000 members of its supply chain to address problem areas, drive efficiency, and reduce waste.
4. Threat of Substitute Products or Services
New regulations and growing consumer preference for sustainable products are changing the containers and packaging industry. As trends shift in favor of more environmentally friendly packaging, demand for traditional substitute materials (metal, glass, plastic, and paper) will also change as their environmental characteristics become better understood. A recent survey in 2014 by the Can Manufacturers Institute of 400 executives and managers found that 98 percent of these professionals anticipate increases in consumer demand for sustainable packaging within the next year. That expectation explains why Coke and Pepsi are competing to bring more sustainable, plant-based plastic bottles to market, which means manufacturers of traditional PET bottles could risk losing market share if they don't respond. By substituting inputs that better meet consumer and regulatory demands, the sustainable packaging market is projected to grow to $244 billion by 2018.
5. Rivalry Among Existing Competitors
Firms constantly position and re-position themselves to gain competitive advantage in the marketplace. They typically compete on price or with new products and services, but companies also increasingly differentiate themselves through sustainability performance. For some companies, sustainability has become central to their rivalry—and not just for building brand equity. For example, fleet efficiency programs at FedEx and UPS have direct financial and environmental impacts. With fuel costs representing 11 percent of FedEx's total operating costs, savings captured through efficiency programs can better position them to reduce costs for customers and provide value to investors.
The forces of competitive strategy are changing, and sustainability is a driver for many of these changes. Firms, analysts, and investors can no longer afford to ignore the link between sustainability performance and the competitive landscape of the market. The use of Porter's Five Forces shows that today's businesses are capturing value and creating competitive advantages by accounting for and managing sustainability risks and opportunities.
To help companies and investors capture sustainable value, SASB is developing industry-specific guidance for material sustainability topics in more than 80 industries. SASB standards enable companies to disclose decision-useful information to investors and to manage and improve performance on the non-financial factors most likely to impact company value.
Interested in learning how sustainability factors impact corporate value? The Fundamentals of Sustainability Accounting (FSA) Credential is the only credential that teaches you how sustainability information can be financially material, and what you can do with that information.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Zooplankton are an extremely diverse assemblage of organisms and are important trophic intermediates in estuaries. Yet, zooplankton community structure in Delaware Bay has been poorly documented over the past 65 years, despite marked changes in land use, nutrient inputs, and water quality. We report on the summer distribution of zooplankton and environmental parameters sampled at 16 stations throughout Delaware Bay in June 2015. Zooplankton were sampled by double oblique bongo net tows. Both nets were size-fractionated, and one net processed for species composition and abundance semi-autonomously using a ZooScan system, and the other net processed for dry weight. Environmental parameters were captured as water column profiles from casts of a YSI 6600V2 sonde and HydroRad hyperspectral-radiometer at each station. Trends in the environmental variables (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and KdPAR) indicated a well-mixed estuary post spring bloom. The bay-wide pattern of zooplankton diversity increased moving from oligohaline water near Wilmington, DE to polyhaline water outside of the bay mouth. Zooplankton community composition was dominated by 5 taxa (copepods - Acartia tonsa, Centropages spp., Eurytemora spp., copepodites; and marine cladocerans), each of which contributed at least 30% of the total relative abundance in at least one sampling station. Using redundancy analysis, Centropages spp., and cladocerans were positively correlated with salinity; while Acartia and other copepods were positively correlated with temperature, and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen. Summer environmental conditions throughout Delaware Bay likely influence zooplankton community composition and provide a means for predicting zooplankton dynamics in this estuarine system.


Our scouts have noticed increased activity in the old city. They request permission to go deeper into the ruins to investigate the situation. As you know, the Pig-Men have been migrating in greater numbers recently. This may be the beginning of a new settlement. We cannot afford to stand idly by and give them time to dig in.
Sergeant Malene has been interrogating the Orcs we captured in last week's raid. Apparently there is some discord among their savage tribes—something of a leadership dispute. If any of these beasts plan to return to the city, we must be prepared to go to war. We cannot suffer the Orcs to stack stones. The Oath demands that we act!


Toy World is where the best toys come from and it is the best-known network of independent toy retailers. We like to keep up-to-date with current toy trends and letting you have access to these special deals at Toy World. Have a playful little girl who likes to play with her dolls and dress them up? Or your young boy at home is eager to make a town of his own out of Lego? Find the perfect gift for your child and surprise them with the finest toys we have to offer for your little kiddies.


Mathew L. Yeazel. One of the old and honored families of Champaign County is that which bears the name of Yeazel and which has been represented here for more than three-quarters of a century. Its members have been mainly engaged in agricultural pursuits and have been noted for their honorable and upright dealings and their good citizenship. A worthy representative of the name is found in the person of Mathew L. Yeazel, who for nearly sixty years has been a resident of Homer Township, where he is now carrying on operations on the Old Homestead farm.
Mr. Yeazel was born on the farm to the supervising of the operations on which he now devotes his attention. This is located in section 7, Homer Township. He was born June 12, 1858, a son of James and Mary Maria (Spencer) Yeazel, natives of Ohio. James Yeazel came to Champaign County in March, 1840, and from small beginnings grew to be one of the most substantial farmers in this part of the county, having accumulated a property of 640 acres and various other holdings, including realty and business interests. Also he was prominent in the affairs of his community and was frequently elected to office in the township, where he held, among others, the position of township supervisor. Mrs. Yeazel died when her son Mathew L. was eight years of age. The children were as follows: John and William, deceased in infancy; Alice, who is the wife of Hugh O'Neil, of Homer; Abraham and Abigail, who are deceased; Mathew L.; and Inez, the wife of C. G. Squires, of Indianapolis, Indiana.
The public schools of Homer Township furnished Mathew L. Yeazel with his education, and his boyhood and youth were spent on the home farm, where he assisted his father. Married at the age of twenty-one years, at that time he began operations on his own account on a rented farm of eighty acres, on which he lived 'for five years, and at the end of that time rented another property, one of 160 acres, and spent a like period thereon. In the meantime his father had died, and his father-in-law had purchased 260 acres of the present farm. Two years later he passed away, leaving his son-in-law and daughter 225 acres, and when Mr. Yeazel settled thereon he named it the Old Homestead farm, in honor of his and his wife's parents. He is now engaged in general farming operations, but more as an overseer than as an active worker, and is recognized as one of the skilled and substantial agriculturists of his community and a business man of ability and honor.
Mr. Yeazel was married October 9, 1879, to Julia E. Smith, a native of Champaign County and a daughter of Mortimer and Jennie (Tresler) Smith. Mr. Smith was one of the prominent men of Homer Township, having started the second tile manufacturing plant in the State of Illinois, and he died a very wealthy citizen, passing away May 21, 1906. He and his wife were the parents of eight children: Julia E., the wife of Mr. Yeazel; Clara, deceased; William, a resident of Homer; Mary, the widow of Byron S. Poisal, of the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago; Jennie, the wife of Wyley C. Wamsley, of Long Beach, California; Nellie, who is deceased; Charles, of Danville, Illinois; and Harry J., of New York. Mr. and Mrs. Yeazel have had four children: Estella J., who is the wife of Charles Havard, of Homer; Jennie, who met death as an infant by burning; Nellie M., the wife of C. V. Davis, of Sheridan, Wyoming; and Lelia, the wife of Owen Johnson, of Marshfield, Indiana. Mr. Yeazel is a Republican, and his influence is felt in fraternal circles, he being a member of the local lodges of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America. His religious connection and that of Mrs. Yeazel is with the Presbyterian Church.


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Snow Arena
Extreme sport lovers
About Snow Arena
1Outdoor track
2Main track
1Beginners' track
1Rope tow lift
24-person chair lift
3Carpet lift
1Finish bar
2Bakery
3Aero Gallery
4Ice bar
5Snow Bo bar
6Self-service restaurant
7Ice-cream saloon
Main ski track
The track is designed for advanced and professional skiers and snowboarders. Training, tournaments and ski lessons with instructors all take place on this track. The track is open all year round. The width of the track is 50 m and its
length is 460 m.
Beginners' ski track
A two-level track is provided for skiing lessons with instructors and for beginners. The track is open all year round. The length of the track is 150 m and its width is 40 m.
Outdoor skiing track
The track is designed for advanced and professional skiers and snowboarders. Training and tournaments take place on this track, which is connected to the main ski track and is open during the winter season when the quantity of snow is sufficient, and when the air temperature is below -5oC.
Snow Park
This is a meeting place for lovers of active entertainment and extreme sports, where one can find features and shapes designed for the performance of various tricks. It is a section of the main ski track (and also of the outdoor track during the winter season), which has features formed from snow, metal and plastic designed for skiing, freestyle skiing and snowboard jumping while performing various tricks. These features are regularly updated according to the newest styles and trends, so visitors to the Snow Arena who love extreme recreational activities and enjoy a challenge are always welcome!
Instruktoriai


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"Shavparosnebi" – Georgian Gladiators
I often meet them at the hippodrome, where they train. Mesmerized by their moves, I used to stand and watch this very manly martial art with great pleasure. Despite the fact that they were using a variety of dangerous weapons and performing difficult combat maneuvers, I was amazed by how calm and balanced they were. Their training resembled something out of an action-packed movie. Before I got to know them personally, I dubbed them "Georgian gladiators". They are exactly what
I imagined Georgian warriors of old to be like.
I got personally acquainted with "Shavparosnebi" two years ago, when they were on the way to their tour to Rome. It was an extremely important event for them, because in nearly 2,000 years, this was the second time Rome hosted Georgian warriors.
Georgians were first received in Rome in 144, when Emperor Antoninus Pius graciously invited Parsman The Valiant, King of Iberia, together with his retinue. Preserved records tell us of Romans being completely taken aback by a display of Georgian martial art. As a sign of respect, Romans erected a monument to the Georgian King at the Field of Mars. Unfortunately, time is not kind to monuments, but occasionally history revives itself. Many years later, Parsman's descendants returned to Rome.
The festival, called "Natale Di Roma," traditionally invites only countries that had historical relations with the Roman Empire. Khevsurian (Mountainous region of Georgia) fencing, which has no analogs in any other country's martial art, was presented during the celebration. Group fights, fistfights included were also staged.
As one of "Shavparosnebi", Irakli Makharadze, told me, both of their performances at the festival left the audience in awe: "When a whip is cracked, it makes an amazing sound and is quite fascinating to watch. Many of our combat moves, especially fencing ones, have no analogs abroad. Khevsurians used to live in very mountainous places and could not wear heavy armor or heft around huge shields, like Romans did. Khevsurians' weapon and armor were dictated by their environment, eventually resulting in establishment of a peculiar fighting style.
During Parsman's visit to Rome, Georgians amazed the Romans with their horse riding techniques and gymnastics. It is historically known that Georgians had no equals when it came to trick riding.
Irakli Kokosadze, Shavparosani:
"Despite the fact that participation in a festival dedicated to foundation of Rome is a great honor, trips abroad by "Shavparosnebi" are always under a big question mark. Whenever we go looking for a sponsor, we get the same answer everywhere: The project is good, but we don't have the money. Yet despite all this, our performances at the festival made it obvious that foreigners are very interested in our ancient martial art."
Shavparosnebi
During enemy invasions, when the small Georgian army avoided meeting the countless foes head-on, Georgians resorted to guerilla warfare. They attacked enemies primarily at night, painting their shields black so that accidentally reflected light wouldn't give them away, which led to enemies dubbing them "Kara Kalghan" (Black Shields), which translates as "Shavparosnebi" to Georgian. These small guerilla forces attacked in the dead of night with blinding speed, decimating hundreds and even thousands of enemies. Very soon, just mentioning them was enough to strike fear. "Shavparosnebi" were especially distinguished by their unique combat prowess.
Creation of an organization dedicated to the martial art began in the 90's as an idea and in 2000 a union named "Georgian Martial Art" was established. In 2011, an organization named "Shavparosnebi" was founded. The Federation's purpose is to restore and popularize ancient Georgian martial traditions basing on discoveries of different expeditions.
Parsman II Kveli (valiant)
Reign of King Parsman II lasted approximately from 120 to 170 A.D. He was considered the most powerful of all Iberian kings, who got the title "Kveli" (Valiant) for his bravery. Under his reign, the Kingdom of Iberia reached the peak of its might. At the very beginning of his reign, Parsman invaded Albania and Cappadocia, and by 130 A.D. he controlled the entirety of Southern Caucasus. The Armenian Kingdom became a vassal of Iberia, which caused Rome significant displeasure. Emperor Hadrian sent a very strong-worded letter to Parsman, demanding his presence in Rome, only to receive a cold refusal. Hadrian did not want a war with Iberia, opting instead to send Parsman numerous gifts, among them 50 legionnaires and a war elephant, in a hope to buy his loyalty, which also failed.
In 144 A.D. new Roman Emperor, Antoninus Pius, invited Parsman and his family, who went to Rome as guests, and their arrival marked the creation of an alliance between Rome and the Kingdom of Iberia. Parsman's retinue held a horseback performance at the Coliseum. By the Emperor's order, a monument depicting Parsman on a horse was erected at the Field of Mars. Rome had acknowledged Iberian hegemony in Southern Caucasus.
Ancient Georgian martial art
Ancient Georgian martial art was established over the course of many centuries, and it was not just about rigorous physical training. Martial training schools, sometimes run by families, cared not only about their students mastering the ways of battle, but also about mental strength. Such training ensured not only formidable physical form, but also deep spiritual development. Selfless and valiant service to the country implied not only knowing how to fight, but also upholding a strict moral code.
In the XI, XII and XIII centuries, the Georgian martial arts school was at the peak of its development. Its methods were unique; no foreign influence can be traced. This is confirmed by foreign historical sources, which praise it for its tactical use and adaptability.
Due to almost constantly being outnumbered, Georgians had to employ uncustomary tactics. When overwhelming hordes of enemies attacked, Georgians knew that while their meager forces could not beat the enemy in direct combat, the highlander tactic of night raids could shift the balance in their favor. Georgians trained while blindfolded, ensuring that they knew the area by heart and became used to fighting in the dark.
Author: Eka Lomidze
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Visit Gudamakari surrounded by the Greater Caucasus Mountains
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Lukas Beglinger, a former ambassador of Switzerland to Georgia has left the homeland to live in Georgia.
The New York Times about Lelo Burti, Georgian folk game
The New York Times has recently dedicated an article to the Georgian folk game Lelo Burti.
Matador Network: Why you need to see Tbilisi before everybody else
Matador Network published an article "Why you need to see Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, before everybody else" two days ago.
Tbilisi's Architectural Revival
Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia is distinguished by a number of features making the city a unique combination of a modern and old.
History of ancient trade centers in Tbilisi
Bazaar has always played an important role in the life of Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia.
Batumi's sky turned pink on Saturday
The sky of Georgia's beautiful seaside town, Batumi turned pink two days ago.
Bakhmaro – Unique resort with healing properties
Bakhmaro located in Guria (western Georgia) is one of the healthiest resorts of the country.
How Georgia celebrates Easter
Easter is the most significant day for the Christian world.
Get to know Georgian Inventor Students travelling to NASA Space Center
Sophio Chikhladze (Guivy Zaldastanishvili American Academy), Mariam Gamrekelashvili, Giorgi Rigishvili, Aleksandre Kajaia (School AIA-GESS) and Iona Iobidze (Kutaisi School Progress)
Georgian village, where nearly everybody could sing
It became necessary to construct a new building for a hotel
One Night Trip to Breathtaking Kazbegi
Georgian photographer Giorgi Shermazanashvili has recently visited Kazbegi
Atlas Obscura about the Foundation of Tbilisi and Sulfur Baths
Atlas Obscure has recently devoted an article to the sulfur baths in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia.


The subject matter of Parable doesn't immediately suggest "opera." But, as Reagon told me, "theater is a great way to talk about hard things." Working in collaboration with her mother, Bernice Johnson Reagon, founder of the musical ensemble Sweet Honey in the Rock, Toshi Reagon used the novel as the basis for a song cycle. The song cycle debuted in 2015, and the opera version two years later, although Toshi describes it still as a "work in progress." She wanted it to be seen. "After Trump was elected," she said, "the conversation [started by the novel] needed to happen now. We can't wait." Given that the devastation of climate change is one of the "hard things" addressed in the opera, staging this work in Abu Dhabi takes on a dramatic resonance: Abu Dhabi faces the very real possibility of running out of its water reserves within the next thirty-five years (and relies on desalination for more than 90 percent of its domestic water consumption).
The West doesn't generally think of the Gulf as a place where conversations about climate change are taking place. Instead, the West seems to view the Gulf as a bling-bling country that stops counting its petrol dollars only long enough to oppress its migrant labor force. "The Middle East" is just a swirl of veiled ladies, oil rigs, and the occasional jihadi. But were these stereotypes the full picture, the so-called repressive government of the Emirates would have long ago swooped in to shut down the opera Parable. They have not, and yet the opera follows in the long tradition of protest music (Toshi is named for the wife of her godfather, Pete Seeger), and issues a clarion call for social and political change.
As Lauren walks north, she spreads a religious message. She calls her religion Earthseed, and one of its fundamental principles is that "all you touch you change. All that you change changes you. The only lasting truth is change. God is change." What begins as an escape from the wreckage of her town becomes a quest to start an Earthseed community. Her urgency to change the world propels her onward.
And then, at every performance, she paused here and smiled. "So I put myself in it, and there's a part in here for you, too." The folk song, "Olivar Blues" is about a town that gets sold to a corporation called KSF. Lauren is surprised that the town allows itself to be sold, because it's "upper middle class, white, [and] literate." But the town is crumbling into the sea on the one side and under siege from the migrating poor on the other, and KSF promises to keep the town safe. In exchange, KSF gets a ready supply of cheap labor and access to the town's water.
"Olivar Blues" lives up to Toshi's description: it's a long song about how gentrification, corporate greed, and the seductive ease of online life erode our communities, without our even noticing. The song tells us that we should have "given two fucks," we should have "done more to make some changes." The chorus—the audience part—is simple: "don't let your baby go to Ol-i-var." At every performance I attended, the audience sang, and loudly, right through to the song's final lines: "fight, fight, strat-e-gize, stay together, equal rights." As we sang, I looked around. A few rows in front of me, I saw a mild-mannered Emirati student of mine punching her fists in the air, while her friend, a girl from Korea, stamped her feet and swayed to the beat.
When I talked with those students after the show, they said it was "amazing," and "awesome." They loved the singing. "It's like we were in it together," they said. What we were "in" was a moment of communal power, a space devoted to the possibility of change.
The chaos in the world of Parable mirrors our own moment, in which it is impossible not to imagine that an apocalypse is imminent. And yet, because we get to sing along, the opera creates a sense of optimism lacking in the novel: It's hard to sing along with a book. The opera encourages—even demands—that we sing and clap, that we whoop and stamp our feet.
As I sang along to "Olivar Blues," I thought about the migrant workers in Abu Dhabi living in labor camps outside of town—and then wondered about migrant workers living in similar conditions in the U.S. When the ensemble sang "it don't rain no more," I thought about the irrigation hoses that coil around every tree in Abu Dhabi, and those in turn reminded me of the images from California and Western Canada over the past few months, in flames from drought-fueled wildfires. The opera created a kind of double mirror, reflecting on the world in multiple directions.
That reflection process also happens in the galleries of the Louvre Abu Dhabi, which create a conversation between East and West without the West being automatically situated as dominant. The thematic arrangement of the galleries means that you might see a Quran displayed next to a carved Madonna next to a statue of Shiva—and while you might disagree with this method, you can't help but think about the global circulation (and appropriation) of ideas, images, and artifacts.
The museum and the opera remind us that change doesn't happen in a steady trajectory or a tidy timeline. Earthseed stipulates that "the only lasting truth is change," but as Lauren's journey makes clear, planting the seeds of change requires engagement and persistence. At the end of the opera, Toshi sings the Biblical version of the parable of the sower, which in the King James translation refers to the "good ground" that is needed for seeds to grow. Parable and the Louvre Abu Dhabi suggest that fertile ground can be found even in the desert.
Deborah Lindsay Williams is the program head for Literature and Creative Writing at NYU Abu Dhabi, and a columnist for The National, the English language newspaper of the United Arab Emirates. Recent work of hers has appeared in the New York Times, Inside Higher Ed, and Vogue.com. She is writing a book about Abu Dhabi and New York.


Posted on 15 Jun 05. Vote now!.
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Which Of The Following Would You Never Like To See Again?
Posted on 5 Jun 05. Vote now!.
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Have you ever been on a detox program?
should Brian Mcfadden get back with kerry or stay wiht delta?
Posted on 6 Apr 05. Vote now!.
Should Baxter be closed down?
Is th Right to Life peopl playing God?
Posted on 14 Mar 05. Vote now!.


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2023-2024 Racial Justice Student Fellows Program and Application
St. Petersburg higher education institutions form consortium to address racial inequities
The consortium, consisting of four higher education institutions in the St. Petersburg area, hopes to implement an action plan for dismantling racial hierarchies.
ORACLE PHOTO/LEDA ALVIM
By Clinton Engelberger and Julianna Jung, USF Oracle
In an effort to create an action plan to dismantle racial hierarchies on college campuses, representatives from four universities in the St. Petersburg area, including the USF St. Pete campus, are forming a consortium to address racial disparities.
Regional Chancellor of USF's St. Pete campus Martin Tadlock said the goal of the consortium, which also includes Eckerd College, Stetson University College of Law and St. Petersburg College, is to provide a sense of learning and understanding among students and faculty about recognizing racist tendencies and providing support to people of color.
"Our goals as a partner in this consortium is to make sure that all of our students, faculty and staff are able to engage in understanding the racial issues that exist in this community, and how to be anti-racist," Tadlock said. "[Students will have] many opportunities to educate themselves through a variety of workshops and seminars and opportunities to engage in the community."
In order to put this plan into action, a team of three representatives from each university will be attending a four-day summer institute, from June 22-25, sponsored by the American Association of Colleges and Universities, according to Tadlock.
The institute will be developing an action plan to address these issues, as well as bring teams from other colleges together to communicate ideas about different strategies in combating racial inequity.
Read the rest of the story here.
February 12, 2022 /0 Comments/by Caryn Nesmith
https://i0.wp.com/stpetetrht.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/st.-pete-862x575-1.jpg?fit=862%2C575&ssl=1 575 862 Caryn Nesmith https://stpetetrht.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Sphere-logo-circle.png Caryn Nesmith2022-02-12 02:33:352022-03-23 21:17:00St. Petersburg higher education institutions form consortium to address racial inequities
The St. Petersburg/Pinellas Higher Education for Racial Equity Consortium is a group of Pinellas County, Florida institutions dedicated to advancing racial equity in the academy and community.
sphereconsortium@gmail.com
www.stpetetrht.org
© - SPHERE, All Rights Reserved. Designed by Creative Courtois
Higher education institutions in Pinellas County unite for racial justice St. Pete-based universities, including USF, team up for racial equity conso...


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Three "Intrepid" Students Awarded Prestigious Scholarships
A future climate change researcher and chemistry professor today received The University of Winnipeg's prestigious Sir William Stephenson Scholarship and a future teacher received the Dr. and Mrs. Roderick Hunter Scholarship for demonstrating exceptional leadership qualities and the potential to make a valuable contribution to Canada.
UWinnipeg students Paul Sarte, Matthew Morison and Natalie Fitkowsky each receive $6,500 to assist them in completing their undergraduate degrees.
In 1984, Sir William Stephenson made a significant gift to The University of Winnipeg to establish the scholarships in his name. Known by the code name Intrepid, Sir William Stephenson started off as a poor Winnipeg hardware salesman and ended up a Second World War spy legend and the inspiration for Ian Fleming's hero, James Bond.
Paul Sarte grew up in a new immigrant household with a single mother and that experience encouraged him to work hard. "My mother was born in the Philippines and she taught me to save my money to pay for university. Receiving a scholarship now really relieves a lot of financial stress for me," said Sarte, who shares his love of science by volunteering with Let's Talk Science, which engages inner-city youth. He also likes to work with new immigrants and volunteers at UWinnipeg's Global Welcome Centre, helping neighbourhood teens with their high school chemistry problems. "I love teaching, and because I am fluent in French I am able to help some of the teens from Africa. It's good to have a place to come and learn."
Sarte is completing a 4-year Bachelor of Science in Chemistry and 3-year Bachelor of Science in Mathematics. He plays piano, soccer and hopes to become a chemistry professor in the future. He is the recipient of the Sir William Stephenson Scholarship.
Matthew Morison is 22 year-old science student in his fourth year of a double major in math and geography. In addition to a strong grade point average, he spent last summer working in Churchill as a research assistant and at the Saving York Factory project, and is now completing an undergraduate thesis on groundwater hydrology as a result. His career goal is to work on improving climate change models. An avid drummer with the band Salinas, Morison has an equal love of the arts, volunteering at Winnipeg's Fringe Festival, Children's Festival, Folk Festival and Jazz Festival.
"Receiving this scholarship is a huge honour, especially since Stephenson had an amazing range of accomplishments. It is very humbling, to hopefully one day follow in his footsteps," said Morison. "The scholarship really helps me out. I've always worked part time so this allows me to put more focus on assignments. It is an amazing financial help."
Natalie Fitkowsky's dream is to inspire teenagers as a teacher. She has completed her fourth year in the integrated Bachelor of Education program and is currently student teaching at Oak Park High School. This March, she will travel to Greece through UWinnipeg's Faculty of Education for her final teaching block, at the American Community School of Athens. "The financial assistance is really helpful, especially since I hope to do a Master's degree at some point," she said. Fitkowsky also tutors students at UWinnipeg's Aboriginal Student Services Centre, coaches girls' soccer, sings in a choir and is a pianist, flautist and dancer.
Fitkowsky receives the Dr. and Mrs. Roderick Hunter Scholarship, established in memory of Dr. R.O.A. Hunter, Third Chancellor of The University of Winnipeg, and his wife, Doris Hunter, awarded to an undergraduate student with high academic standing, outstanding leadership qualities, and significant extracurricular involvements. This scholarship is awarded on the recommendation of the trustees of the Sir William Stephenson Scholarship.
"These three students are not only exceptional scholars, they bring a well-rounded curiosity to everything they do in life, and a commitment to making the world a better place," said Dr. Lloyd Axworthy, President and Vice-Chancellor, UWinnipeg. "The 2011 Maclean's magazine University Rankings places UWinnipeg third nationally for nurturing `Leaders of Tomorrow.' It is clear that Paul, Matthew and Natalie exemplify what leadership is all about."
BACKGROUND: SIR WILLIAM STEPHENSON
Sir William Stephenson (1896-1989) was born in the Point Douglas area and exemplified the highest qualities of dedication and patriotism. In World War I, as a private in the Royal Canadian Engineers, Sir William suffered the effects of poison gas in the trenches of France. After recovering, he volunteered for service in the Royal Flying Corps and returned to France where he shot down twenty-six enemy planes. He was decorated several times for bravery and during this period he accomplished his paramount sporting achievement, winning the Interservice Lightweight World Boxing Championship. After the War, Sir William studied at Oxford.
In the early 1920s, Sir William returned to England and pursued a brilliant career in technology-based industries, particularly those associated with communications and aircraft. He invented and patented the first device for transmitting photographs by wireless and played an instrumental role in the founding of the BBC and in the early stages of television development. He won the King's Cup Air Race and encouraged and financed the development of the Spitfire aircraft and later the jet engine.
In World War II, Sir Winston Churchill appointed Sir William Stephenson Director of British Security Coordination in the Western Hemisphere and his personal representative to President Roosevelt. Operating under the code name "Intrepid," Sir William strove for anonymity from this time onward. He was Knighted for his services to the Commonwealth in 1945.
In 1979, Sir William received an Honorary Doctorate degree from The University of Winnipeg. In 1984, Sir William Stephenson made a significant gift to The University of Winnipeg for the purpose of establishing the Sir William Stephenson Scholarships. Sir William passed away in Bermuda in 1989.
Diane Poulin, Communications Officer, The University of Winnipeg
P: 204.988.7135, E: d.poulin@uwinnipeg.ca
Joint Master in Religion student's new passion leads to 'cutting edge' thesis
UWinnipeg's Di Brandt recognized with Honorary Doctorate
Career Month spotlight: UWinnipeg alum brings Canadian crops to world markets
Joint Master in Public Administration provides student path to professional life


Alfred V. Aho is Lawrence Gussman Professor of Computer Science and Vice Chair for Undergraduate Education in the Computer Science Department at Columbia University. He has a B.A.Sc in Engineering Physics from the University of Toronto and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering/computer science from Princeton University. Professor Aho has won several awards including the Great Teacher Award for 2003 from the Society of Columbia Graduates and the IEEE John von Neumann Medal. He is well known for his many books on algorithms and data structures, programming languages, compilers, and the foundations of computer science.
Monica Lam is a Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University. She received a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1987 and a B.S. from University of British Columbia in 1980. Professor Lam is one of the top 50 most cited computer scientists in the world and has pioneered numerous compiler techniques used in the industry to optimize code for high-performance computers. She received the ACM Programming Language Design and Implementation Best Paper Award in 2004, an ACM SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award in 2002, the ACM Most Influential Programming Language Design and Implementation Paper Award in 2001, and an NSF Young Investigator award in 1992. She authored two papers in the 20 Years of PLDI--a Selection (1979-1999), and one in the 25 Years of the International Symposia on Computer Architecture, 1988. She was the chair of the ACM SIGPLAN Programming Languages Design and Implementation Conference in 2000.
Jeffrey Ullman is currently CEO of Gradiance and the Stanford W. Ascherman Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University. He received his bachelor's degree from Columbia University and his Ph.D. from Princeton University. He worked several years at Bell Labs and was a professor at Princeton University and since 1979 has been a professor at Stanford University. His research interests include database theory, database integration, data mining, and education using the information infrastructure. He was the Ph.D. advisor of Sergey Brin, one of the co-founders of Google, and served on Google's technical advisory board. Professor Ullman is well-known for books on compilers, data structures, theory of computation and databases.


Let our Mountain View Condo WP553 be your home away from home! Beautifully decorated with comfort in mind and ideally located one block from the Pigeon Forge Parkway, you won't go home disappointed. We hope you are able to vacation in our Whispering Pines condo 553 soon! Walking through the door, you are immediately welcomed by the open living room and dining area with the kitchen just around the corner. Hardwood flooring, a sofa and two chairs welcome you to the spacious living room. Enjoy each other's company in front of the seasonal gas fireplace or watch a movie on the flat screen TV. Visit the kitchen to create a culinary masterpiece with everything you will need in one spot including a keurig coffee maker and then dine together at the 6 person dining table. Retreat for the evening to the two King bedrooms, both offering flat screen TV's, attached bathrooms and a ceiling fan. The Master suite is the perfect place to snuggle with your loved ones, featuring a romantic Jacuzzi tub and a 42" TV. There is a private balcony, perfect for enjoying your morning coffee and taking in the gorgeous Mountain Views this condo has to offer. We'd love to have you stay in our Mountain View Condo WP553, our home away from home.


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Q: Maven exec plugin Class Not Found Exception when I right click on the class that has the main() method in Eclipse, and go into properties -> resource, the path to the class is this:
/UserRegistrationServices/src/main/java/main/Application.java

In my POM.xml file I have this:
<plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>my-execution</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>java</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>UserRegistrationServices.src.main.java.main.Application.java</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

But for some reason maven cannot find the class.
Help would be appreciated, thanks.

A: The <mainClass> element takes a fully qualified class name. The fully qualified name of a class consists of the package and the actual name of class. In a default Maven project, the package name is relative to src/main/java. That means, the package of your Application class is main. You can verify that by looking at the package declaration in the class itself.
Therefore the <mainClass> value needs to be main.Application.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Minnesota's Left Lane Law Will Penalize Slowpokes In Left Lane
Marjan_Apostolovic
I don't think there's anything more frustrating while driving on the highway than having someone driving slowly down the left lane. Thankfully, those people will soon be fined.
ValleyNewsLive.com is reporting that the Minnesota state legislature has signed off on a bill could cost left lane drivers more than $100 in fines and fees if they don't move over for faster vehicles.
Slow drivers refusing to vacate the left lane can cause dangerous driving conditions for others on the highway, leading to tailgating, people trying to pass in the right lane and even boiling over into road rage situations.
Minnesota Senator John Jasinski says that a vast majority of people support this bill and after some give and take with Minnesota State Troopers over the wording in the bill, they are on board too.
The bill is now in the hands of Governor Walz and he's expected to sign it into law later this week.
Personally, I couldn't be happier. It's such a simple concept that you should save the left lane for faster traffic and passing that I've never understood how some people just don't get it. Perhaps a $100 fine will help them remember.
Filed Under: Driving, Politics
Categories: Duluth / Superior News, Featured, Travel


Ready to learn more? Please take a few moments to fill out the form below or contact us by phone, email or text.
You can even schedule a informative, no pressure, 30-minute overview webinar that is convenient for you. You have questions, we have answers.


text:
"No legislative act contrary to the Constitution can be valid. To deny this would be to affirm that the deputy (agent) is greater than his principal; that the servant is above the master; that the representatives of the people are superior to the people; that men, acting by virtue of powers may do not only what their powers do not authorize, but what they forbid. .. A Constitution is, in fact, and must be regarded by judges as fundamental law. If there should happen to be a irreconcilable variance between the two, the Constitution is to be preferred to the statute."
— Alexander Hamilton, in the Federalist Papers #78
"The basis of our political systems is the right of the people to make and to alter their Constitutions of Government. But the Constitution, which at any time exists, 'till changed by an explicit and authentic act of the whole People, is sacredly obligatory upon all."
—George Washington (1796)
"Like psychoanalysis, constitutional jurisprudence has become a game without rules. By defying the plain meaning of words, ignoring context and history, and using a little ingenuity, you can make the Constitution mean anything you like." — Joseph Sobran
"If the representatives of the people betray their constituents, there is then no recourse left but in the exertion of that original right of self-defense which is paramount to all positive forms of government." —Alexander Hamilton, in the Federalist Papers #28
The Heritage Guide to The Constitution
Take the Constitution Test
25 questions you should be able to answer
about our founding document
Constitution Quiz
Take this 5 question quiz prepared by Hillsdale College and
find out how much you know about the U.S. Constitution
A Republic v. A Democracy
Understanding why the United States of America
is not and never was a democracy (10-minute video)
Heritage Guide to the Constitution
The Heritage Guide to the Constitution is intended to provide a brief and accurate explanation of each clause of the Constitution as envisioned by the Framers and as applied in contemporary law.
Select any Article or Section from the left side and the Original Text appears in the main, center, area. Hover your cursor over text in the main body. Areas with an associated Essay will highlight and, upon a left-click, that Essay will appear. Essays are also listed on the right for direct selection.
Teacher's Companion Lessons are also available in PDF format.
The Meaning of The Constitution
And the Concept of Federalism
Edwin Meese III
The Constitution of the United States has endured for over two centuries. It remains the object of reverence for nearly all Americans and an object of admiration by peoples around the world. William Gladstone was right in 1878 when he described the U.S. Constitution as "the most wonderful work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose of man."
BASIC CONCEPTS OF "GOVERNMENT"
Publius Huldah
Think NOT that you must have a law degree to understand the Constitution of the United States; or that the lawyers, law professors and black robed judges are the ones who understand it best.They are the ones who perverted it. To restore constitutional government, We the People must learn the basic concepts of "government"; and we must learn the Constitution, elect representatives who will honor their oaths to support it (Art VI, clause 3), and remove from office those who don't.
Government Charity
as explained by Colonel David Crockette
What the Constitution Really Says
About Race and Slavery
David Azerrad
The argument that the Constitution is racist suffers from one fatal flaw: the concept of race does not exist in the Constitution. Nowhere in the Constitution – or in the Declaration of Independence, for that matter – are human beings classified according to race, skin color, or ethnicity (nor, one should add, sex, religion, or any other of the left's favored groupings).
Comparing Constitutions
United States of America vs European Union
Be sure to also look in the TYSK Library
22dec21 The January 6 Insurrection Hoax
Roger Kimball – Imprimis
An "insurrection," as the dictionary will tell you, is a violent uprising against a government or other established authority. Unlike the violent riots that swept the country in the summer of 2020 -- the January 6 protest at the Capitol building in Washington, D.C. lasted a few hours, caused minimal damage, and the only person directly killed was an unarmed female Trump supporter who was shot by a Capitol Police officer.
24jun 21 Critical Race Theory May
Violate Civil Rights Act, the Constitution
Dr. Carol Swain
Critical Race Theory training, which pressures people not to say certain things, take a certain stance, or forces them into some segregated settings, may infringe on people's constitutional rights and even violate civil rights laws, said Dr. Carol Swain, a former professor of political science and law at Princeton and Vanderbilt universities.
18jun21 Liberals Ignore the Roots of 'Our Democracy'
Don't let them erase the knowledge of where our "liberties, privileges, franchises, and immunities" come from.
Our liberty as Americans did not begin with the Declaration to which John Hancock and others affixed their signatures in July 1776. Rather, our rights can be traced to England as far back as the reign of King John, whom the barons compelled to sign the Magna Carta at Runnymede in 1215.
28jun19 The Danger of the Attacks on the Electoral College
Trent England
Once upon a time, the Electoral College was not controversial. During the debates over ratifying the Constitution, Anti-Federalist opponents of ratification barely mentioned it. But by the mid-twentieth century, opponents of the Electoral College nearly convinced Congress to propose an amendment to scrap it. And today, more than a dozen states have joined in an attempt to hijack the Electoral College as a way to force a national popular vote for president. What changed along the way? And does it matter?
31dec15 Property Rights and Religious Liberty
Larry P. Arnn
Many Christians, while they cherish religious liberty, seem to believe that property rights, and the commerce that arises from the establishment of property rights, are somehow un-Christian. At the same time, a lot of free marketers seem to think that all we need are property rights and the rest will take care of itself. Neither of these views is correct, and I will explain why with reference to both James Madison and Winston Churchill.
20mar15 A Little-Noted Masterpiece of Constitutional Scholarship
by Justice Thomas
Mark J. Fitzgibbons
Justice Thomas has provided us a masterpiece of constitutional thinking, explaining why "administrative law" – the practice of delegating to bureaucrats the making and enforcement of rules with the force of law – is so profoundly unconstitutional. You could spend years reading history books, the Federalist Papers, and case law, but you won't find a better explanation of the essence of our Constitution. If you understand what's in these few pages, you understand why we have the Constitution, why it is structured the way it is, and why it is essential to the American experiment.
7dec14 Is It Time for an Anti-Federalist Party?
Bruce Walker
No wise and serious American, whatever his notional ideology, trusts the federal government. This fact is often lost in the dust and wind from that gaggle of pundits whose relevance depends upon every issue of life being controlled by an all-powerful central government. In American politics and government, the problem, of course, is Washington, and most Americans find Washington as arrogant and stupid as American colonists found London in 1776.
19oct14 Constitutional Convention? Caveat Emptor –
The Law of Unintended Consequences
20th-century sociologist Robert Merton noted three primary factors contributing to unanticipated consequences: First, incomplete analysis because it is impossible to anticipate all variables; second, errors in analysis of what is known about the problem; third, immediate interests overriding long-term interests.
7jul13 Religion and Public Life in America
R.R. Reno
Religious liberty is being redefined in America, or at least many would like it to be. Our secular establishment wants to reduce the autonomy of religious institutions and limit the influence of faith in the public square. The reason is not hard to grasp. In America, "religion" largely means Christianity, and today our secular culture views orthodox Christian churches as troublesome, retrograde, and reactionary forces.
14apr13 The Second Amendment as an Expression of First Principles
Edward J. Erler
The shooters in Arizona, Colorado, and Newtown were mentally ill persons who, by all accounts, should have been incarcerated. Even the Los Angeles Times admits that "there is a connection between mental illness and mass murder." But the same progressives who advocate gun control also oppose the involuntary incarceration of mentally ill people who, in the case of these mass shootings, posed obvious dangers to society before they committed their horrendous acts of violence.
7apr13 Christian Origins of Essential American Doctrines
Kelly O'Connell
In midst of the modern, mindless battle to drive religion completely from American life, a small and inconvenient fact has been ignored: Virtually every important, original American idea is a product of Christianity. Further, had these doctrines never been developed, the US would arguably not been nearly as productive, free or happy. These ideas involve property, liberty, and the rule of law.
2dec12 How to Think About Religious Freedom
Matthew J. Franck
There is a growing awareness among Americans that religious freedom in our country has come under sustained pressures. In the public square where freedom of religion meets public policy, it becomes clearer all the time that there is a high price to be paid for being true to one's conscience.
23dec11 The Unity and Beauty of the Declaration and the Constitution
An Interview with Larry P. Arnn, President, Hillsdale College
Peter Robinson: Larry, I am quoting from you: "You can read the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution in a few minutes. They are simple. They are beautiful. They can be understood and retained." Place the documents in their historical context. Why did they matter?
5dec11 The President's Enumerated Powers,
Rulemaking by Executive Agencies & Executive Orders
No one in Congress seems to know that it is our Constitution which sets the "agenda" for the federal government. The agenda the Constitution sets restricts the federal government to war, international relations & commerce; and domestically, the establishment of an uniform commercial system: a monetary system based on gold & silver, weights & measures, patents & copyrights, a bankruptcy code, and mail delivery (Art. I, Sec. 8, cls.1-16).
2oct09 Revolution
Herbert E. Meyer
During the last 30 years we Americans have been so politically divided that some of us have called this left-right, liberal-conservative split a "culture war" or even a "second Civil War." These descriptions are no longer accurate. The precise, technical word for what is happening in the United States today is revolution.
8mar09 The America Republic -vs- Socialist America
J. D. Longstreet
The difference between Conservative Government and a Socialist Government (that of the American Left) when shaken down to its raw essentials will make, or break, the United States of America.
29nov08 Study:
Americans Ignorant of Basic Civics, Government;
Elected Officials Fair Even Worse! (pdf)
Are most people, including college graduates, civically illiterate? Do elected officials know even less than most citizens about civic topics such as history, government, and economics? The answer is yes on both counts according to a new study by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI).
Take the Test Yourself (html)
30aug08 Birthright Citizenship and Dual Citizenship:
Harbingers of Administrative Tyranny
Birthright citizenship – the policy whereby the children of illegal aliens born within the geographical limits of the United States are entitled to American citizenship – is a great magnet for illegal immigration.
17aug08 Voters Should Pass a Minimal Civics Test
Doug Patton
I have never been an advocate of the popular notion that "everyone should vote." Some people look at me as if I am somehow un-American when I say that I am not in favor of encouraging people to vote who would otherwise never darken the door of a polling place.
2mar08 God and the State in America
Only a willful disregard for the clear meaning of the 1st Amendment would lead one to believe that God and religion were to be excised from any and all matters related to the state. Should you doubt this – or wish to have further proof – consider the Preambles to all of the 50 United States' constitutions.
23sep07 Originalism: A Primer
David Schraub
Originalism rose to prominence in the Reagan era because, as Edwin Meese put it in an uncharacteristic moment of candor, it promised to remake the Court in a way that would halt the slide toward "the radical egalitarianism and expansive civil libertarianism of the Warren Court."
13jun05 The Future of Self-Government
Kim Weissman
Nine justices on the Supreme Court writing a new Constitution as they see fit, and then mandating that the entire nation obey, is a decidedly undemocratic process which results in meanings that were never adopted or ratified by the people, but which are imposed upon them without their consent.
5apr05 Judicial Supremacy and The Constitution
Justice must be about more than just process – to be respected, a system of justice not only has to do justice, but has to be seen and believed by the people to be doing justice.
6dec04 Judicial Despotism
"To consider the judges as the ultimate arbiters of all constitutional questions; a very dangerous doctrine indeed, and one which would place us under the despotism of an oligarchy." – Thomas Jefferson (1820)
6nov04 The Election Monitoring Circus Leaves Town
Peyton Knight
Our electoral system is a certified thing of beauty. It places accountability at the local level, thereby empowering citizens to effectively police themselves and solve any unique problems that only they can diagnose.
26jul04 How Treaties Trump the Constitution
Nothing in the U.S. Constitution authorizes the federal government to regulate private property. Nothing in the U.S. Constitution authorizes the federal government to manage wildlife or prescribe land use regulations within the various states.
3mar04 Almighty Judges
Are the decisions of federal judges The Final Answers to any issue? Would we accept an Executive who could dictate policy that is final, incontrovertible, and could not be challenged? That would make the president into a king, would it not?
28jan04 No Constitution Remains
Viewed in the cold light of the reality that our Constitution is no longer a barrier to what our government does, why is anyone surprised that our elections have degenerated into a contest to see which politician can promise to give us more?
13jan04 Why Not Term Limits?
George M. Haddad
It is conventional wisdom that incumbents are in a better position to prepare and amass massive mailing lists, develop political machines, make invaluable political contacts and continue with year 'round fund raising. In term limit states this has changed dramatically.
13apr03 The Declaration of Independence, 2003
In a Convention of Sovereign States, July 4, 2003
The unanimous Declaration of the fifty united States of America
23mar03 The Declaration, the Constitution,
and the Brilliance of the Founders
Lawrence W. Reed
So many functions within both major parties are devoid of principles that sometimes you have to wonder if the membership believes in anything besides beating the other side at election time.
20nov02 National Death by the Pharisees
Paul E. Scates
The similarity between the impact of the Pharisees on established Judaism and the impact our own political Pharisees on American Founding principles is striking, and informative.
21jul02 Are we to Live Under
the ICC or the Bill of Rights?
The philosophy of the ICC (and the U.N.) is that governments are superior to the people, granting or withholding rights as they see fit. This is the European model, but it is not America's.
9feb02 Are We Too Stupid to Understand?
The Liberty Committee
Apparently members of the US Senate believe that we are and cannot grasp the challenges to the US Constitution presented by the "reforms" proposed under the guise of campaign finance reform.
17nov01 G-d And Liberty; Liberals And Lies
The awareness of G-d as the source of our liberty, in turn, hampers the efforts of liberals/socialists who need to change the founding documents, in interpretation and even in fact, in order to implement their big government agenda.
31jul01 An Open Letter to Statists Everywhere
"If you're among those many people who spend most of their time and energies advocating a litany of proposals for expanded government action, and little or no time recommending offsetting reductions in state power, then this letter has indeed found its mark."
18jun01 Our Flaw? We're Just Not Liberals
Suddenly, the Federalist Society is the talk of the town. But what exactly is this society? Is it some secret fraternity? Does it — heaven forbid — have "an agenda"?
20mar01 The Price Of Indolence
Are we citizens of our States, protected by the Constitution and Bill of Rights, or have we unknowingly forfeited our original relationship with government, for a federal citizenship with dubious benefits and dangerous concessions of our liberty?
13mar01 Are We Citizens Of Our States?
The government recognizes two distinct classes of citizens: a state Citizen and a federal citizen. State Citizens created the states who created the federal government who created federal citizens.
9feb01 How Many Bills of Rights do we Need?
Everyone from medical patients to airline passengers is demanding their own bill of rights. This trend runs contrary to the ideas behind the genuine article.
4feb01 Wall Of Separation
The radical left's worst nightmare — a religious, moral, and well-armed population. How could they ever impose their socialist ideology under those conditions?
25jan01 Constitutional Ignorance
During last week's confirmation hearings, Sen. Kennedy laid into President Bush's attorney general nominee John Ashcroft about his strong support for the U.S. Constitution's Second Amendment. Kennedy demanded that Ashcroft apologize to the American people. Print
this one!
26dec00 Genesis of the Civil War
Interesting, isn't it, that today, those who favor banning Confederate symbols and continue to demonize an entire people's history also tend to be partisans of the federal government in all its present political struggles?
12dec00 Envy, Egalitarianism, and Empire
Though the Founding Fathers were committed to the establishment of a Republic of self-governing, sovereign States, they feared that the "dissolution toward empire, which had occurred in Rome, was historically inevitable."
19nov00 How To Subvert Freedom
Unearthed Secret Memo for radical activists who are
dedicated to subverting a democratic nation's freedom.
6nov00 A review of States Rights and the Union
Famed historian Forrest McDonald concludes that the states were sovereign during the revolution and remained so under the Articles of Confederation and even under the Constitution of 1787.
3sep00 Constitutional Protections Ignored
Increasingly, we have been ignoring the limits imposed by our Constitution, usually in the name of some "greater good" or "general welfare". We do so at our great peril.
27aug00 Liberal Intolerance
Nothing so enrages "diverse" leftists and "tolerant" democrats as
someone refusing to bow down to their ideology.
11jul00 Hands Off Government
Once it becomes clear that government schools indoctrinate captive students in the tenets and dogma of humanism to the exclusion of all other religions, it also becomes clear that the government itself is in the business of establishing a state-run, religious monopoly.
29apr00 New Life for the "One Drop" Rule
It is breath-taking to find old ideas about "blood" now resuscitated in a respectable law review, and by an African-American scholar. Now the fear, apparently, is that some whites will try to "pass" as black.
25mar00 Post-Constitution America: Night of the "Living" Dead
Statists, collectivists and the left need to take heed: when their power and influence are lost and a truly evil form of government arises, there will be no document around in any meaningful form to run to as a last resort.
12mar00 Rejected
FDR at the Gates of Hell
This New Deal-era ditty pictured FDR persuading the devil
of his worthiness to enter Hell. (1930s)
28jan00 Looking for a constitutional culprit in the cancerous growth of federal power? Look no further than the Commerce Clause
If growing food for your own consumption has a "substantial effect" on interstate commerce and is therefore subject to congressional regulation, it's hard to see what area of life is beyond federal authority.
31jan00 Who Judges The Judges?
We are becoming the only people in history to voluntarily throw away our liberty and embrace servitude.
19dec99 The Federal Kingdom
It is remarkable how willing, even eager, some people in this country are to abandon representative government, and to adopt dictatorial solutions to (usually non-existent) problems.
10dec99 America Must Restore the Foundations of Freedom
Should the people still have the authority to run the country through their elected legislators?
7nov99 Tyranny By Usurpation
We, the People, have failed miserably to protect our Constitutional heritage
29sep99 Congress Passes
Americans With No Abilities Act
Sweeping new legislation that provides benefits and protection for more than 135 million talentless Americans.
25sep99
1oct99
The Federalists Revisited
Part I ~~O~~ Part II
Today's central government -- particularly the judiciary branch and the executive branch under Bill Clinton -- bears little resemblance to those branches as envisioned by our Founders and the principal authors of our U.S. Constitution. This is
Print &
Putting God Back in the Public Square
The 'Ten Commandment' Judge, Roy S. Moore, on his seven-year battle to preserve religious freedom of expression in the courtroom and in the public arena.
Amerika, Amerika
by Claire Wolfe
Why a Constitution?
Our Constitution is under incredible assault today, and many people question why we need such a document at all.
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