Don't toss those old toys in the garbage bin. Instead, discover all the places where you can donate toys.
If you're a parent, you know how quickly toys can accumulate in your house. Whether it's right after the holidays or you simply need to declutter, you might be looking for a way to get rid of the toys your children no longer play with.
Fortunately, there's a simple and eco-friendly solution to get rid of old toys: donate them! When you donate toys, you're keeping them out of the landfill and giving other children a chance to enjoy them.
This extensive list will give you plenty of ideas of what to do with old toys your children don't play with anymore.
The Salvation Army is one of the largest charities in the world, and they help out with humanitarian aid and disaster relief. When you donate toys to the Salvation Army Family Stores, the organization will use the proceeds to fund rehabilitation programs.
You can either drop off your toys or schedule a free pick-up at your home. However, you should always check to make sure your local store is currently accepting toy donations.
Goodwill provides job placement services, employment training, and other programs to help people who have barriers that prevent them from getting a job through traditional means.
Similar to the Salvation Army, Goodwill has stores throughout the country where you can donate toys, and the proceeds help fund programs that benefit your community.
As always, when you're ready to make a donation, it's smart to call ahead to make sure the store can accept it.
Toys for Tots is a program run by the United States Marine Corps Reserve that distributes toys to needy children. While most people are familiar with the program because of the toy drives around the holidays that ask for new toys, many aren't aware that the organization also accepts gently-used toys throughout the year.
When you have toys ready to give away, check out the Toys for Tots website to find your local chapter and learn how to donate your items.
The Ronald McDonald House provides families a place to stay while their little one is receiving care at a nearby hospital. Since the organization houses the entire family, it always needs toys to help entertain siblings.
If you have a local Ronald McDonald House in your area, contact them to see if they accept toy donations. Your children's old toys could help other kids feel more at ease when they're away from home and worried about a sibling.
If you're interested in donating stuffed animals, consider Stuffed Animals for Emergencies. This nonprofit organization gives stuffed animals to children who are going through traumatic or emotional situations, such as an ambulance ride or natural disaster.
In addition to new and gently used stuffed animals, the organization also accepts new and gently used books, blankets, children's clothing, and baby items.
Some hospitals will accept toy donations for their waiting rooms or to give to young children to play with while they're hospitalized.
However, before you stop by your local hospital with a box of toys to donate, make sure you contact them first. Some can only accept new toys because of the risk of infection or illness.
In addition to hospitals, you can also check with doctor's offices around your community to see if they accept toy donations for their waiting rooms. Again, it's important to check first since some offices will only accept new toys.
Many churches offer childcare services throughout the week and during church-related events. Since these services are typically low-cost or even free, they're often in need of toys for the children to play with.
If you have a few churches in your area you think might accept a donation, you can contact the ministry coordinator to find out where you can drop off your box.
When military families have to relocate to a new base, not every toy is able to make the move. If you have a base in your area, contact its military family support group to see if you can donate toys.
Your donation could help a child transition to a new home easier. You can also visit Operation Homefront to learn more about the ways you can donate.
Vietnam Veterans of America is a nonprofit organization that supports the needs of all veterans across the country. The organization is funded without any assistance from the government, so it relies completely on help from donations.
When you donate toys to Vietnam Veterans of America, you help the organization generate funds to take care of service men and women.
If you have a box of gently used toys you would like to donate, you can use Pickup Please to schedule a free pickup on the day that works best for you.
Daycare centers and preschools take care of numerous children, so they go through toys pretty fast. If you're thinking about donating toys to a daycare center near you, call the center director first to find out if he or she can accept the donation. You should also find out if the center has any guidelines on how you need to prepare the toys before it takes them.
The goal of Second Chance Toys is to keep plastic toys out of landfills and get them to children in need. Currently, the company only has a few drop-off locations in select metro areas around the country. However, if you can collect 50 or more gently used plastic toys, they can arrange a drop-off with a local organization.
Children's homes are safe havens for abused and neglected children. Groups of children live together in children's homes, so they're always in need of toys.
Children's homes also tend to have a range of ages living under one roof. Therefore, the more variety you have with your toy donation, the better.
A quick search will tell you if you have any children's homes in your area. If so, you can contact the children's home director to find out if the home accepts toy donations.
Although homeless shelters and women's shelters are often overlooked when people consider where to make a donation, children regularly end up here as well. Children who arrive at shelters have often been through a traumatic experience, so having some toys to play with can help them feel more at ease.
You can find more information about your local shelters online. Homeless Shelter Directory can also help you find contact information for shelters in your area.
TerraCycle has an amazing number of recycling programs, including a partnership with Hasbro to recycle used toys and games. If you have Hasbro toys that are too damaged or broken to donate, this is an excellent option.
This free recycling program will accept all Hasbro toys and games, including electronic toys, board games, plush toys, and metal, plastic, and wood toys.
You can also check with resale stores in your area to see if they accept toys. I have a children's resale store in my city that deals with nothing but children's clothing and toys.
Some resale stores will give you cash for your items. However, most stores, like the one I shop at in my area, will give you store credit. You can then use this store credit to buy other gently used items for your kids.
Not only will this save you money, but it's also great for the environment since companies won't have to create more new products.
If you have family or friends with children who are younger or around the same age as your children, contact them to see if they would be interested in any of those toys you're planning to donate.
Parents will often appreciate the opportunity to give their kids some new toys without having to spend any extra money.
When the toy box starts to overflow and it's time to clean out toys your children no longer play with, don't immediately throw them in the trash. Instead, you can donate toys to help reduce waste and give those toys a chance to make another child happy.


MILWAUKEE --Tuesday, March 5 is Fat Tuesday. It is also known as Paczki Day by many -- and that means there are plenty of Paczki being prepared at bakeries around southeast Wisconsin.
Brian Kramp paid a visit to Canfora Bakery on Milwaukee's south side on Tuesday morning. Because they want nothing but the freshest Paczki for their customers, Canfora Bakery has only been making Paczki in the last week.


Please join us for JCU's Fourth Annual Human Rights Film Festival. These award-winning films bear witness to human rights violations and offer testament to individuals' courageous struggles for human dignity. Their stories challenge us to empathize and demand justice for all. This year's featured films are "Concrete, Steel & Paint," "Sweet Dreams," and "Crying Earth Rise Up." Sponsored by the Peace, Justice and Human Rights Program, the festival will be held in Room 226 of the Administration Building on Saturday, November 7, from 1-5 p.m. For more information, call 216.397.6647 or visit sites.jcu.edu/pjhr.


Peak Home Renovations offers a wide variety of services from flipping houses to simpler projects like fixing a leaky pipe. Whatever your needs are we're here to help guide you through them.
Whether you're looking to renovate your entire house or just work on one project at a time, Peak Home Renovations can help you do pretty much anything that you can imagine.
Contact us today to set up a free estimate and we'll try our best to give you the best price.
Creating beautiful kitchens is a unique skill. Peak Home Renovations has the experience and professional skills to design and install custom kitchens, cabinets, counters and sinks.
View some of the work we have done by clicking below and then contact us to talk about it!
That's right, we do bathroms too, even the ones that people turn their heads to and walk away. If you're in the market to renovate your entire bathroom or simply replace a vanity, Peak Home Renovations can handle any of that.
Check out a few of the bathroom and shower projects that we have done by clicking below!.
You know you want to put that big projector screen on your wall in the basement. Contact Peak Home Renovations today to discuss finishing your basement or updating your current basement layout.
We'd love to give you our input and ideas on how to improve your basement, and maybe give you that "man -cave" you've always wanted! Contact us today!
Here are some more services we offer. Don't see it? Call us... Do It!
If what you're looking for is not shown below, than simply call or email us and we'll be more than happy to answer all of your questions.


Project UK founder Quest Taylor, second to the left.
Project UK founder Quest Taylor was ecstatic Tuesday when he received news his accelerator earned funding from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
Project United Knowledge, also known as Project UK, is a business accelerator that seeks to serve minority entrepreneurs — particularly those from Kansas City's most underserved zip codes. Offering coworking space, mentorship and technical training, Project UK aims to be a "translator" for Kansas Citians who feel disconnected from the area's startup community.
Taylor said the program also introduces members to prospective investors and finance sources.
Unlike other similar programs in the area, Taylor said Project UK programs are "urbanized" with "culturally-relevant marketing." By speaking the language, Taylor says Project UK will elevate the most promising folks in Kansas City's underserved communities, giving them the skills they need to succeed.
Taylor said that some of these issues include culture differences in vocabulary, reading levels and a lack of basic business understanding.
He added that he has seen these struggles first-hand.
Project UK has unofficially been in operation for over two years. Following the Kauffman Foundation's grant, the accelerator will accept its first formal group of entrepreneurs in October.
Nathan Kurtz, senior program officer at the Kauffman Foundation, said his organization is happy to work with Project UK, as its focus fits with the foundation's overarching mission.
Taylor said Project UK is looking for 10 to 15 startup founders or aspiring entrepreneurs with an idea to go through the program. While all ideas are eligible to enter, Taylor said Project UK is targeting a majority of female and minority entrepreneurs.
In addition, Project UK will partner with the Kauffman Foundation to host free business workshops for the community. Topics will focus on teaching underserved community members the cultural nuances of the startup community, such as how to speak and dress professionally.
While predominately comprised of White people, Taylor insisted there's limited intentional discrimination in the area entrepreneurial community.
Nadja Cajic, the founder of MeeDu, said her startup has grown significantly as a result of entering Project UK. She said that Project UK helped MeeDu — an app that connects parents and their children together for healthy meal planning — develop a company video, perform product testing and helped with the firm's iOS app.
A female immigrant entrepreneur that was new to Kansas City, Cajic said she's thankful Project UK took an interest in her firm's mission but also connected her to other helpful resources.
Cajic said she's always been impressed with Project UK's attentiveness to members.
To learn more about Project UK or apply to its upcoming cohort, click here.


text:
angular.module('DeviceWall')
  .controller(
    'MainController',
    function($rootScope, $scope, $window, $http, $timeout, DeviceList, lodash, appConfig, $log, socketConnect) {
      'use strict';
      var _ = lodash;
      var socket = socketConnect.connect('/devicewall');

      $log.debug('loading main controller');
      $scope.indicatorWaiting = {show: false};
      $scope.config = appConfig;
      $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
      $scope.serverStatus = 'stopped';

      // Default device sort order
      $scope.predicate = 'label';
      $scope.reverse = false;

      // TODO move these somewhere
      $scope.userAgent = {selected: {}};
      $scope.userAgents = [
        {},
        {name: 'desktop (OS X)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2062.124 Safari/537.36"},
        {name: 'desktop (Windows)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0)"},
        {name: 'mobile (Android)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.0.4; Galaxy Nexus Build/IMM76B) AppleWebKit/535.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/40.0.2194.2 Mobile Safari/535.36"},
        {name: 'mobile (iOS)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 7_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/537.51.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0 Mobile/11A465 Safari/9537.53"},
        {name: 'mobile (Lumia 900)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; NOKIA; Lumia 900)"},
        {name: 'mobile (Lumia 920)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows Phone 8.0; Trident/6.0; IEMobile/10.0; ARM; Touch; NOKIA; Lumia 920)"},
        {name: 'tablet (Android)', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.0.4; Galaxy Nexus 7 Build/IMM76B) AppleWebKit/535.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/40.0.2194.2 Safari/535.36"},
        {name: 'tablet 10 inch', value: "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.0.4; Galaxy Nexus 10 Build/IMM76B) AppleWebKit/535.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/40.0.2194.2 Safari/535.36"},
        {name: 'tablet (iPad)', value: "Mozilla/5.0(iPad; U; CPU iPhone OS 3_2 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/531.21.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Mobile/7B314 Safari/531.21.10"},
      ];
      // selected device uuid list? TODO refactor whole selected devices list feature, this is not nice, really.
      $scope.uuids = {};

      if (appConfig.singleUser) {
        $scope.user = {
          id: 'singleuser',
          displayName: 'singleuser'
        };
      } else {
        $scope.user = {
          id: $window.localStorage.getItem('name'),
          displayName: $window.localStorage.getItem('name')
        };
      }

      $scope.url = {
        selectedValue: {},
        value: '',
        visitedUrls: $window.localStorage.getItem('visitedUrls') ? JSON.parse($window.localStorage.getItem('visitedUrls')) : [],
        click: function() {
          if (!$scope.url.selectedValue || $scope.url.value === '' || !$scope.url.value) {
            $scope.url.value = 'http://';
          }
        },
        inputChanged: function(str) {
          // set the url model value to input text
          $scope.url.value = str;
        }
      };

      $scope.btnGo =              {show: true, disabled: false};
      $scope.btnStopAllTesting =  {show: false, disabled: false};
      $scope.btnStopTesting =     {show: false, disabled: false};

      $scope.tooltipError = {
        show: false,
        content: ''
      };

      $scope.popupWindow = null;

      $scope.submitUrl = function() {
        if (
          _.has($scope.url, "selectedValue") &&
          _.has($scope.url.selectedValue, "originalObject") &&
          _.has($scope.url.selectedValue.originalObject, "url")
        ) {
          $scope.url.value = $scope.url.selectedValue.originalObject.url;
        } else if (_.has($scope.url.selectedValue, "originalObject")) {
          $scope.url.value = $scope.url.selectedValue.originalObject;
        }

        // Add new url to visitedUrls array and to local storage
        $scope.url.visitedUrls.push({url: $scope.url.value});
        $scope.url.visitedUrls = _.unique($scope.url.visitedUrls, function(obj) {
          return obj.url;
        });
        $window.localStorage.setItem('visitedUrls', JSON.stringify($scope.url.visitedUrls));

        $log.debug('Submit url ', $scope.url.value);

        if (!$scope.url.value || $scope.url.value.length <= 4) {
          $scope.tooltipError = {
            show: true,
            content: 'Invalid URL'
          };
          return;
        }

        var formData = {
          url: $scope.url.value,
          labels: _.pluck(_.where($scope.deviceList, { selected: true }), 'label'),
          user: $scope.user,
          userAgentHeader: $scope.userAgent.selected.name ? $scope.userAgent.selected.value : false
        };

        $window.localStorage.setItem('url', $scope.url.value);
        $scope.tooltipError.show = false;
        $scope.tooltipError.content = '';
        socket.emit('start', formData);
        $scope.setButtonsStatus(false);
        $scope.setButtonsDisabled(true);
      };

      $scope.selectAll = function(status) {
        _.each(DeviceList.toArray(), function(device) {
          if (!$scope.isOffline(device)) {
            device.selected = status;
            DeviceList.update(device);
          }
        });
        $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
      };

      $scope.clientFieldChanged = function(model) {
        socket.emit('save', model);
      };

      $scope.stopTesting = function() {
        $log.debug('stop testing');
        function getUserDevices() {
          var userDevices = [];
          _.each($scope.deviceList, function(device) {
            if (device.userId === $scope.user.id) {
              userDevices.push(device.uuid);
            }
          });
          return userDevices;
        }
        socket.emit('stop', {user: $scope.user, labels: getUserDevices()});
        $scope.btnStopTesting.show = false;
      };

      $scope.stopAllTesting = function() {
        $log.debug('stop All testing');
        $scope.setButtonsDisabled(true);
        socket.emit('stopall');
      };

      $scope.removeDevice = function(device) {
        socket.emit('remove', {labels: [device.label]});
        DeviceList.remove(device);
        $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
      };

      // Socket actions
      socket.on('connect',  function () {
        $scope.indicatorWaiting = {show: false};
        socket.emit('list', 'list', function(data) {
          $log.debug("socket::list", data);
          var instancesRunning = false;
          _.each(data, function(device) {
            // device selected by default
            device.selected = !$scope.isOffline(device);
            if (device.userId) {
              instancesRunning = true;
            }
            DeviceList.add(device);
          });
          $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
          if (instancesRunning) {
            $scope.setButtonsStatus(false);
          }
        });
      });

      socket.on('rename', function(data) {
        $log.debug('rename', data);
        if (DeviceList.has({label: data.oldLabel})) {
          var device = DeviceList.get(data.oldLabel);
          DeviceList.remove(device);
          if (DeviceList.has({label: data.newLabel})) {
            DeviceList.remove(DeviceList.get(data.newLabel));
          }
          device.label = data.newLabel;
          DeviceList.add(device);
          $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
        }
      });

      socket.on('update', function (data) {
        $scope.$apply(function() {
          _.each(data, function(device) {
            if (DeviceList.has(device)) {
              var currentDevice = DeviceList.get(device.label);
              device.selected = $scope.isOffline(device) ? false : !$scope.isOffline(currentDevice) ? currentDevice.selected : true;
              DeviceList.update(device);
            } else {
              device.selected = !$scope.isOffline(device);
              DeviceList.add(device);
            }
          });
          $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
        });
      });

      socket.on('remove', function (data) {
        var device;
        _.each(data, function(label) {
          if (DeviceList.has({label: label})) {
            DeviceList.remove(DeviceList.get(label));
          }
        });
        $scope.deviceList = DeviceList.toArray();
      });

      socket.on('start', function (data) {
        if (data.user.id === $scope.user.id) {
          $scope.setButtonsStatus(false);
          $scope.setButtonsDisabled(true);
          if ($scope.openUrl) {
            $log.debug('Opening a popup view');
            if ($scope.popupWindow && !$scope.popupWindow.closed) {
              $scope.popupWindow.location.href = data.url;
              $scope.popupWindow.focus();
            } else {
              $scope.popupWindow = $window.open(data.url, '_blank');
            }
          }
        }
      });

      socket.on('running', function (data) {
        if (data.user.id === $scope.user.id) {
          $scope.setButtonsDisabled(false);
          $scope.serverStatus = 'running';
        }
      });

      socket.on('server-stop', function(data) {
        $log.debug('socket::server-stop');
        if (data.user.id === $scope.user.id) {
          $scope.serverStatus = 'stopped';
          $scope.setButtonsStatus(true);
        }
        if (data.reason) {
          $log.debug('some err', data.reason);
          $scope.tooltipError.content = data.reason;
          $scope.tooltipError.show = true;
        }
      });

      socket.on('stopall', function() {
        $log.debug('socket::stopall');
        $scope.serverStatus = 'stopped';
        $scope.setButtonsStatus(true);
      });

      // simple helpers for buttons
      $scope.setButtonsDisabled = function(disabled) {
        $scope.btnStopAllTesting.disabled = disabled;
        $scope.btnStopTesting.disabled = disabled;
        $scope.btnGo.disabled = disabled;
      };

      $scope.setButtonsStatus = function(status) {
        $scope.setButtonsDisabled(false);
        $scope.btnStopAllTesting.show = !status;
        $scope.btnStopTesting.show = !status;
        $scope.btnGo.show = true;
      };

      $scope.checkGoButtonStatus = function(oldVal, newVal, scope) {
        var disableGoButton = true;
        _.each(scope.deviceList, function(device) {
          if (device.selected) {
            disableGoButton = false;
          }
        });
        if (disableGoButton && scope.openUrl) {
          disableGoButton = false;
        }
        if (scope.btnStopAllTesting.disabled) {
          disableGoButton = true;
        }
        $scope.btnGo.disabled = disableGoButton;
      };

      $scope.showDeviceView = function() {
        $window.location.href = $window.location.protocol + '//' + $window.location.hostname + ':' +  appConfig.port;
      };

      $scope.isOffline = function(device) {
        return !device.userId && (!device.lastSeen || device.lastSeen + $scope.config.client.pingIntervalSeconds * 2000 < new Date().getTime());
      };

      $scope.deviceStatus = function(device) {
        device = device || {};
        var value = 'Connected';
        if (device.browsersyncStatus === 'Not Connected') {
          value = 'Ready for testing';
        }
        if (device.browsersyncConnecting) {
          value = 'Connecting to BrowserSync';
        }
        if ($scope.isOffline(device)) {
          value = 'Device unavailable';
        }
        return value;
      };

      $scope.$watch('deviceList', $scope.checkGoButtonStatus, true);
      $scope.$watch('openUrl', $scope.checkGoButtonStatus);

      $scope.$on('$destroy', function() {
        socket.removeAllListeners();
      });
    }
  );

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Another car known for its dynamic build and snobbish looks is BMW 8 Series. Even when it was introduced first in the market way back in the late 80s, it became an instant eye-catcher. The manufacturers aimed at the urban audience yearning for a BMW model which has unrivaled looks and is enticingly chic. Its snout tapers in a way that it lends the car a rather arrogant look and helps the pride of the owner. But it is not just on the look department that this one scores well. Its performance over the years has been above par and there hasn't been any question mark over its reliability. Now, the demand for used BMW 8 Series for sale in Nigeria has shot up like a helium-filled balloon.
At CarXus, one can easily buy used BMW 8 Series in Nigeria. The portal is much like BMW itself- high on reliability factor and fully safe. So, it will be a safe bet to get this beauty from this venue. BMW 8 Series is also very comfy from the inside. Its interiors are more spacious and luxurious than many of the other models from the same brand. The long tapering nose of the car provides more space in the front. It can get a bit tricky to drive this at the beginning but once things get set, it can be driven like a smooth knife on warm butter. So, do keep an eye for an affordable BMW 8 Series for sale in Nigeria.


text:
Civic Learning Leads to an Award of Distinction
The Civic Learning Award of Distinction presented to Cam High. Photo by Jasmine Plascencia.
Marcella Barneclo and Catherine Wolfe
Cam High is one of the 74 public schools throughout California to receive a Civic Learning Award, given to schools who engage students in civic learning.
For the 2018-19 school year, Cam High submitted an application that highlighted three programs at Cam High: the Associated Student Body (ASB), Junior State of America (JSA), and AP European History. The California Department of Education decided what schools to recognize based on several aspects: the genuine effect and expansion of civic learning in classes, clubs, and programs.
"These schools provide great examples of how to creatively and effectively teach civics to our students," said State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tom Torlakson, according to the California Department of Education.
About two years ago, Dr. Kim Stephenson introduced the organization to various teachers around the school, prompting clubs and organizations to apply for the award. The German Exchange Program, Naturally Green, and Junior State of America (JSA) submitted applications in the 2016-17 school year. The three clubs received an award of Merit, the third highest award, given out to 47 other schools.
This year, Stephenson approached Ms. Tawney Safran (AP European History teacher), Mr. Shawn Near (JSA adviser), and Ms. Lori Pristera (ASB adviser), as these three programs specifically engage in civic discussion more often than others.
Cam High was acknowledged with the second highest award: the title of Distinction. Schools that earned the Distinction award were visited by an appellate court justice and received a plaque, as well as an invitation to California School Recognition Regional Awards Ceremony on May 1. Six additional schools also received an award of Distinction this year.
ASB has created various opportunities and programs that establish a sense of community at Cam High. Some examples include: student of the week, athlete of the week, the tireless teacher award, and actively participating in the walkouts at Cam High.
AP European History includes students from diverse social and academic backgrounds. All students are encouraged to participate in the classroom and apply the information to real life.
"I feel it is my duty to have students engaged in as many ways as possible because the reality is that students probably won't remember the content, but they'll remember the vibe, the atmosphere, the environment, the tools, and just the connection to life. Making it relevant and meaningful matters because they have to be here so let's do this and make it meaningful," said Safran.
JSA was recognized mainly for the club's participation in urging students to register to vote, their anti-apathy campaign, and discussing political and social issues in class.
"[Teachers are always searching for] what we could be doing to further awareness and further opportunities for you guys to not only learn about, but even participate and practice some of these basic ideas of civics," said Near.
Marcella Barneclo, Editor in Chief
Hello, my name is Marcella and I am a senior here at Cam High. As this year's Editor in Chief of the Stinger, I'd like to welcome you to our site. I'm...
Catherine Wolfe, Staff Writer
Hey, I'm Catherine (Cat for short). I'm from Colorado but I grew up in Camarillo after that my family moved around out of state a couple of times and ended...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Should I say "I am unaware of neither" or "I am unaware of both"? Should I say "I am unaware of neither of A and B" or "I am unaware of both of A and B"?
In other words, is unaware negation?

A: I would say "I am unaware of either". "Unaware" does indeed trigger negative polarity.
"I am unaware of both" is also possible, but I would only use it for emphasis.

A: I wouldn't use either of those sentences. I feel like I could say any of the following: "I am unaware of both A and B", "I am unaware of either A or B", "I am not aware of either A or B" or "I am aware of neither A nor B". Any of these would express the idea "I am not aware of A and I am not aware of B".
"Unaware" is not clausal negation. The adjective prefix un- can be categorized as a form of "subclausal negation".
A side point that I think I need to address before going on to the rest of my answer is that "neither of A and B" and "both of A and B" don't sound right to me in any kind of context. The use of of after quantifiers like neither or both is a bit complicated: it's necessary to use of before a pronoun like them or us ("neither of them" or "both of us"), but it's not always necessary in other contexts. When you are using multiple noun phrases A and B, the usual structure for neither is "neither A nor B", and the usual structure for both is "both A and B".
So in the rest of this answer, I am going to talk instead about the sentences "I am unaware of neither of A nor B" and "I am unaware of both A and B."
Based purely on the syntactic structure, we would expect "I am unaware of neither A nor B" to mean something different from "I am aware of neither A nor B". And since "I am aware of neither A nor B" expresses a negative concept, "I am unaware of neither A nor B" logically ought to express the negation of a negation:  "I am unaware of neither A nor B" = "I am not unaware of either A or B" = "I am aware of A and B". Using clausal and subclausal negation together like this is grammatical, but people often get confused about what it's supposed to mean.
In actual fact, we can find examples of sentences like "I am unaware of neither A nor B" being used to mean the same thing as sentences like "I am aware of neither A nor B" (= "I am not aware of either A or B").
Here is one that I found with a quick Google search:

*

*

The observers were unaware of the target and flankers  [...] the observers were unaware of neither the target nor the flankers.

("Crowding without visual awareness", by Joey Cham and Sing-Hang Cheung, Journal of Vision August 2009)
Although this particular example could just be viewed as an insignificant error, I would imagine that there are more like it. The linguist Mark Liberman has made a number of posts on the blog Language Log about the phenomenon of "misnegations", and certain types seem to be produced with some regularity even by native speakers.
To make things easier on your readers, I would recommend avoiding structures like "I am unaware of neither A nor B."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The name Lissie is a girl's name . Lissie and discussed in our forums with posts like "Heaven, Hell, Purgatory---Girls (huge)".
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I love this is a nickname for Elisabeth/Elisabet or Felicity. Although I prefer the spelling Lissy with a y.


text:
ADATA XPG Launches Gaming microSD Cards, up to 512GB
ADATA this week launched its lineup of microSD cards aimed at gamers. The ADATA XPG microSD cards offer capacities up to 512 GB, and are compliant with the 'App...
FreeTail EVOKE Pro microSDXC UHS-II Memory Card Capsule Review
Almost all content capture devices employ memory cards (flash-based removable media) for storage. Hand-held consoles and many other computing systems (PCs as well as smartphones) also employ them for...
5 by Ganesh T S on 11/20/2018
Lexar Launches 512 GB microSD Card with A2 App Performance Spec
Lexar this past week introduced its new family of A2-class microSD cards, the Lexar High-Performance 633x A2. Supporting the highest Application Performance class, the new microSD card is designed...
SanDisk Extreme microSD Cards with A2 App Performance Spec Unveiled: 4K/2K IOPS
Western Digital's SanDisk division on Friday unveiled its first lineup of microSD cards that are compliant with the App Performance 2 (A2) specification. The new SanDisk Extreme cards are...
PNY Elite microSDXC UHS-I 512GB Memory Card Capsule Review
High-capacity microSDXC cards have started to appear in the market, thanks to the advent of 3D NAND. In August 2017, the 400GB SanDisk Ultra microSDXC UHS-I card was introduced...
SD Association Announces SD 7.0 Spec & SD Express Interface: PCIe + NVMe, Up to 985 MB/s
The SD Association - the body responsible for defining the standards for Secure Digital cards - has made it no secret that the organization has been working on a...
Kingston Has HyperX 256 GB microSDXC Card for Gamers
In the recent years Kingston has repositioned its HyperX brand from performance enthusiasts to gamers, thus expanding the range from high-performance memory modules to a wide range of components...
UFS - USB Bridge Controllers for Card Readers, Hosts Incoming from JMicron & SMI
The JEDEC published the UFS Card 1.0 specification back in mid-2016, and shortly after that Samsung introduced its UFS cards with 32, 64, 128, and 256 GB capacities. In...
PCIe-Based SD 7.0 Spec Closing In, Set to Be Announced This Month
The SD Association plans to formally announce its Secure Digital 7.0 specification later this month. The new spec will define usage of a PCIe protocol for SD cards and...
ADATA, PNY, and Team Group to Launch 512 GB microSDXC Cards This Summer
At least three well-known suppliers of NAND flash-based products — ADATA, PNY, and Team Group — are gearing up to start selling their 512 GB microSDXC cards next month...
Western Digital Demos SD Card with PCIe x1 Interface, 880 MB/s Read Speed
BARCELONA, ESP — Western Digital demonstrated an experimental SD card featuring a PCIe Gen 3 x1 interface at Mobile World Congress. Meanwhile, the SD Card Association is calling upon...
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Integral Memory has released the industry's highest-capacity microSDXC memory card that one can buy today. Integral's new 512 GB microSDXC V10, UHS-I U1 card can store half of a...
FreeTail EVOKE Pro SDXC UHS-II Memory Card Capsule Review
Digital cameras and camcorders employ memory cards (flash-based removable media) for storage of captured content. There are different varieties of memory cards catering to various performance levels. CompactFlash (CF...
SanDisk Extreme and Extreme PRO Memory Cards Review
ADATA Premier and XPG SDXC and microSDXC Cards Review
SanDisk Launches SD and microSD for Industrial and Automotive: Extreme Temps, Upped Reliability
Western Digital has introduced its new SanDisk Automotive and SanDisk Industrial memory cards for specialized applications. The new cards can work in extreme temperatures for prolonged amounts of time...
Longsys Acquires Lexar Brand from Micron
Longsys on Thursday announced that it has acquired the Lexar brand name from Micron. The China-based supplier of NAND flash memory-based products will use the trademark to sell Lexar's...
Western Digital Launches SanDisk Ultra microSD Card with 400 GB Capacity
Today Western Digital is taking the wraps off of the industry's first microSDXC card with a 400 GB capacity. The card is aimed at Google Android-based smartphones or tablets...
Micron Discontinues Lexar Business, Plans to Focus on Higher-Margin Products
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FreeTail EVOKE Series CompactFlash Cards Capsule Review


Congratulations to our good friend and 2013 Heida Hermanns International Piano Competition First Prize Winner Timur Mustakimov on his winning the Midwest International Piano Competition! After competing with 19 other pianists in the senior division, from ten different countries, Timur won a $10,000 cash prize and CD recording with the Blue Griffin label. He was also the winner of the new Audience Choice Award, for which he received $500. Timur performed Beethoven's Emperor Concerto and Brahms' Intermezzo in A Major, Op. 118 No. 2 for the final performance.
Russian pianist Timur Mustakimov, 28, is the winner of NTD International Piano Competition (2014), Heida Hermanns International Piano Competition (2013), Mannes Concerto Competition (2011), Jacob Flier International Piano Competition (2007), Bach Piano Competition (2003).
Timur received his undergraduate degree from Kazan State Conservatory (Russia) under the tutelage of Alfiya Burnasheva. He continued his education at Mannes College in the studio of Vladimir Feltsman receiving full scholarship for the Master's and Professional Studies programs. Timur is currently working on his Doctoral Program in the studio of Dr. Abramovic.
Your tax-deductible membership dollars contribute to covering the cost of administering and managing the organization. For the 2016-17 season, CAM is introducing new membership and ticketing systems.
Members receive a 20% discount on their single ticket purchases and will save even more by purchasing a season's subscription package! By becoming a member, as well as a donor or sponsor, you will play an essential role in supporting and showcasing the next generation of gifted musicians. Visit CAM's website for complete details. Become a member of CAM today, won't you?
CAM Vice President, Anneruth Serman, came to the US in 1960 from Germany and has lived in Connecticut ever since. In 1992, Heida Hermanns asked her to join the Board of the Westport Arts Center, where she served as its President for over two years and remained on the Board for several more. Anneruth resigned from the Board when her family began to divide their time between Connecticut and California 18 years ago. Heida also asked her to be one of her executors and to serve as trustee of the Artur and Heida Hermanns Holde Foundation. Anneruth was President of the Foundation from the time of Heida's death until its dissolution. When in California, she works as docent at the Palm Springs Art Museum, a modern art museum of growing importance and reputation. Anneruth is also a member of and volunteers at the Virginia Waring International Piano Competition in Palm Desert.
Dear Members and Friends, It seems that membership does matter to many of you – we have received several membership renewals and additional donations totaling $2,800 to date. Thank you all for your continued interest in what we do and for your generous support.
Our new ticketing system is now in place and ready to receive your orders online for tickets to our events, including the Heida Hermanns International Voice Competition in early November. We have also introduced a new reduced rate subscription series for the 2016-2017 performance season that you can subscribe to on our website. For those still unfamiliar or uncomfortable with using the internet to become a member, purchase tickets or order a subscription, Pat Durner is always available to assist you over the phone. Please don't hesitate to call her at 203.319.8271.
Our intern, Lindsay Clarke, is off and running. She has set CAM up on additional social media, including Twitter and Instagram, so that our messages and progress can be noted by countless individuals who are interested in our kind of musical activity throughout the world. She is also researching and preparing CAM to apply for government, institutional and foundation grants that will help us sustain and expand our current programs, as well as take on new initiatives.
We are on schedule in preparing for this year's Heida Hermanns International Voice Competition. As you know, the Competition's Artistic Director is Board Member Wendy Morgan-Hunter, a dramatic coloratura soprano herself, who has performed opera, oratorio, jazz and musical theatre across the US and Europe. She is currently the President of the Connecticut Chapter for the National Association of Teachers of Singing and is active with Westport's Arts Advisory Committee. She has put together an outstanding panel of judges that are well known in the world of opera and the concert stage. Their names will be announced to the press in the fall.
Wendy, as CAM's representative, is also co-producing Opera-Palooza with Salt Marsh Opera and the City of New Haven, which will be performed on Saturday evening, August 20th, on the New Haven Green. From the many applications received, she selected ten singers from our state who are considered "emerging artists" to perform opera selections, accompanied by a Connecticut Festival Orchestra, to an audience bringing their blankets, chairs and picnic dinners to the Green. Pizza trucks from many of New Haven's famous Italian restaurants will be selling their wares on-site.
As is to be expected, our costs to produce these events are substantial and your membership dollars cover a very small portion of these expenses. Many of our members have included additional contributions and others have become patrons, benefactors, advocates and donors. Others have sponsored entire events. We are immensely grateful for their support and hope that you, too, will consider providing us with additional backing as we continue to grow and gain greater recognition for our work.


text:
St Georges Park Sushi Restaurants
Cacadu (Sarah Baartman) Restaurants
Port Elizabeth Restaurants
St Georges Park Restaurants
St Georges Park restaurants have been voted 5/5 based on 1 reviews.
Anneli Wiese
Rhubarb & Lime Café
I had the best and most pleasant service experience with Bergen Gill of Rhubarb and Lime. I wante...
Port Elizabeth (301)
+Richmond Hill (0.7 km)
+South End (1 km)
+Mount Croix (1.9 km)
+Mill Park (2 km)
+Glendinningvale (2.2 km)
+Greenacres (3 km)
+Walmer (3.1 km)
+Humewood (3.2 km)
+Port Elizabeth Central (3.3 km)
+Sydenham (PE) (3.5 km)
Old Austria
Port Elizabeth Central
Austrian, Continental, Fine Dining, Seafood
St Georges Park
Fine Dining, Bakery / Patisserie, Breakfast, Organic
Contemporary, Coffee Shop, Italian, Steakhouse
Izakaya Arata Ramen & Robata
Japanese, Asian, Sushi
Royal Delhi Restaurant
Indian, Grills, Seafood, Vegetarian
Muse Restaurant
Contemporary, Fine Dining, South African
Bridge Street Micro Brewery
Gastropub, Pizzas, Gourmet Burgers, Pub Meals
The Hussar Grill - Walmer
Steakhouse, Fine Dining, Grills
Chingada's Mexican Cantina
Mexican, Grills, Light Meals, Seafood
Cobblestone Bistro & Bakery
Bistro, Bakery / Patisserie, Breakfast, Deli
Find the best Sushi Restaurants in St Georges Park by using Dining-OUT
Sushi has certainly become a very popular dish in St Georges Park. Somewhat a guilty pleasure while also quite a filling meal, sushi is one of those foods that few people can resist. You will find a selection of great places to eat sushi in St Georges Park when you take your search online. For all types of sushi, from sashimi to maki and nigiri, there is a variety of restaurants in St Georges Park specialising in traditional as well as contemporary sushi.
There is plenty debate around what sushi is the right kind of sushi. There is also much debate as to whether it is okay to add a twist to the conventional, to give the sushi an original if unconventional spin. Sushi is essentially raw fish, something you are certain to know if you are one of the many Capetonians who simply cannot live without having this delectable food at least once a month. And when you are tired of going to the same old restaurant, maybe it is time to browse through our listings to find the best sushi restaurants in St Georges Park.
On Dining-OUT you will find one of the most comprehensive lists of restaurants not only in St Georges Park but throughout South Africa. Our website has been designed to be easy to use while it will provide you with all kinds of information that can be helpful when you are on a mission to discover the new places to eat. We give you all of the information need to assist you in making a well informed decision, thus saving you time and money. Some of the information featured on the website includes menus, pricing, and a list of the facilities which are available at each restaurant. We also have the directions to the restaurants which will again save you plenty of time.
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When you are using our listings website to find some of the best and most affordable sushi restaurants in the city, you will have access to all of the information you could need to make a variety of comparisons. Another way that we help our website users to make the right decision about which restaurant they should visit is by featuring reviews for some of the listings. Reviews can be biased but they can also be exceptionally helpful when trying to find a restaurant.
Should you eat at a restaurant listed on this site, please leave a review of your own to help the next person.
Our website is free and easy to use, and it will provide all the information you could possibly need. You can find new and interesting sushi eateries as well as rediscover old favourites when using Dining-OUT.


text:
Impromptu No.6, Op.86 (Fauré, Gabriel)
(Redirected from Impromptu No.6 Op.86 (Fauré, Gabriel))
1904 (harp orig.)
1913 (piano trans.)
Impromptus; For harp; Scores featuring the harp; For 1 player; For piano (arr); For 1 player (arr); Scores featuring the piano (arr)
1.1 Naxos
2.2 Arrangements and Transcriptions
2.2.1 For Piano (Composer)
Commercial 💿 (0)
Javascript not enabled.
*#25888 - 0.55MB, 13 pp. - 0.0/10 2 4 6 8 10 (-) - V/V/V - 6271×⇩ - Daphnis
PDF scanned by Unknown
Daphnis (2008/12/26)
Paris: Durand & Fils, 1904. Plate D. & F. 6428.
*#476733 - 1.85MB, 16 pp. - 0.0/10 2 4 6 8 10 (-) - V/V/V - 85×⇩ - Zeyarshwe
PDF scanned by US-PRV
Zeyarshwe (2017/6/19)
Paris: Durand, 1904. Plate D. & F. 6428.
From the International Harp Archives at Brigham Young University
(as digitally mirrored at archive.org).
Arrangements and Transcriptions
For Piano (Composer)
Complete Score (Op.86bis)
*#00545 - 0.54MB, 14 pp. - 0.0/10 2 4 6 8 10 (-) - V/V/V - 1505×⇩ - Feldmahler
Feldmahler (2006/2/28)
Paris: Durand & Cie., 1913, plate D. & F. 8757
Impromptu No.6 Op.86
Op.86, Op.86bis
IGF 44
Alphonse Hasselmans
This work was used as an examination piece (Morceaux de concours) by the Conservatoire de Paris. The Conservatoire used this work in the following year(s): 1904.
Piano Music by Gabriel Fauré
13 Barcarolles
Barcarolle No.1 in A minor, Op.26
Barcarolle No.2 in G major, Op.41
Barcarolle No.3 in G♭ major, Op.42
Barcarolle No.4 in A♭ major, Op.44
Barcarolle No.5 in F♯ minor, Op.66
Barcarolle No.6 in E♭ major, Op.70
Barcarolle No.7 in D minor, Op.90
Barcarolle No.8 in D♭ major, Op.96
Barcarolle No.9 in D♭ major, Op.101
Barcarolle No.10 in A minor, Op.104 No.2
Barcarolle No.11 in G minor, Op.105
Barcarolle No.12 in E♭ major, Op.106
Barcarolle No.13 in C major, Op.116
13 Nocturnes
Nocturne No.1 in E♭ minor, Op.33 No.1
Nocturne No.2 in B major, Op.33 No.2
Nocturne No.3 in A♭ minor, Op.33 No.3
Nocturne No.4 in E♭ major, Op.36
Nocturne No.5 in B♭ major, Op.37
Nocturne No.6 in D♭ major, Op.63
Nocturne No.7 in C♯ minor, Op.74
Nocturne No.8 in D♭ major, Op.84 No.8
Nocturne No.9 in B minor, Op.97
Nocturne No.10 in E minor, Op.99
Nocturne No.11 in F♯ minor, Op. 104 No.1
Nocturne No.12 in E minor, Op.107
Nocturne No.13 in B minor, Op.119
Impromptu No.1 in E♭ major, Op.25
Impromptu No.2 in F minor, Op.31
Impromptu No.3 in A♭ major, Op.34
Impromptu No.4 in D♭ major, Op.91
Impromptu No.5 in F♯ minor, Op.102
4 Valses-Caprices
Valse Caprice No.1 in A major, Op.30
Valse Caprice No.2 in D♭ major, Op.38
Valse Caprice No.3 in G♭ major, Op.59
Valse Caprice No.4 in A♭ major, Op.62
8 Pièces brèves, Op.84
Capriccio in E♭ major
Fantaisie in A♭ major
Fugue in in A minor
Adagietto in E minor
Improvisation in C♯ minor
Fugue in in E minor
Allegresse in C major
Nocturne [No.8] in D♭ major
3 Romances Sans Paroles, Op.17
Andante quasi allegretto in A♭ major
Allegro molto in A minor
Andante moderato in A♭ major
9 Préludes, Op.103
D♭ major
C♯ minor
E♭ minor
Ballade in F♯ major, Op.19
Mazurka in B♭ major, Op.32
Thème et variations in C♯ minor, Op.73
Souvenirs de Bayreuth
Dolly Suite (For Piano Duet), Op.56
Retrieved from "http://imslp.org/index.php?title=Impromptu_No.6,_Op.86_(Faur%C3%A9,_Gabriel)&oldid=3033655"
Scores with links to Sheet Music Plus
Scores from the Internet Archive
Scores published by Durand
Scores from the International Harp Archives
Pages with First Editions
Scores with links to Amazon
Scores featuring the harp
For piano (arr)
For 1 player (arr)
Scores featuring the piano (arr)
Pages with arrangements
Pages with commercial recordings
Pages with commercial recordings (Naxos collection)
Pages with commercial recordings (BnF collection)
Hasselmans, Alphonse/Dedicatee
Works used as examination pieces by the Conservatoire de Paris


I've met more masters of the Universe than I would like to, people who were grossly over-rewarded and didn't recognize that. . . . Let us be quite clear: there has been mismanagement of our banks.
[A] company's corporate governance can have a material impact on its credit quality, particularly where governance practices are weak. Academic research shows a statistical link [and] the experience of recent corporate scandals—in which governance mechanisms were in many cases not strong enough to check errant management behavior—also highlights the negative credit implications of exceptionally poor corporate governance.


text:
Q: How to update a local repository automatically with the remote? I have a repository on GitHub that I created and it has a bunch of bash scripts that my team and I are using. However, I want to be sure that they are using the most up-to-date scripts at all times.
Whenever I make an update to the remote, I find myself calling them up telling them to do a pull from the remote. This seems very inefficient.
I browsed the internet endlessly looking for a solution - some kind of PC tool (we use Windows) that just automatically checks if the local repo is up-to-date or not and if not, it automatically pulls from the remote.
I couldn't find anything so if someone has a solution for this I'd appreciate it.

A: I eventually created a solution for myself that is not EXACTLY what I was looking for but does solve the problem for me:
I just introduced to ALL my scripts in the repo a call to a function that just checks if the repo is in sync with the remote. If it is not, it does not let the scripts continue and the script aborts, forcing the users to pull from the remote before running the scripts. So this way, I know no one will be using an out-of-date version of my scripts.
Here is the script I used (I put it in a file called GlobalFunctions.sh within the repo with all the other bash scripts):
#!/bin/bash
#------------------------------------------------------
# GlobalFunctions.sh
# Description:
# This file is supposed to serve as a file for global bash script functions that could be used by multiple files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------

#verify that the repository containing the scripts is up-to-date
function CheckScriptsValidity()
{
    # DIRECTORY WHERE THE SCRIPT IS LOCATED
    SCRIPT_DIRECTORY="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" &> /dev/null && pwd )"

    # CURRENT DIRECTORY
    ORIGINAL_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)

    cd $SCRIPT_DIRECTORY

    git fetch  #update the branch origin/main
    if [[ -z $(git diff origin/main..HEAD) ]]   # if the current location (HEAD) is at the same location as the remote main branch
    then
        echo "Scripts Repo is up to date."
    else
        echo "Scripts Repo is not up to date with remote. Please pull Scripts repo from remote. Aborting..."
        read -p "Press enter to continue..."
        exit 0
    fi

    cd $ORIGINAL_DIRECTORY
}

CheckScriptsValidity        #Verify that the repository containing the scripts is up-to-date

And within each bash script file I simply added this line on top:
source $(dirname "$0")/GlobalFunctions.sh   #Load script file so that we can call its functions (path defined based on this: https://stackoverflow.com/a/42101141/4441211)


text:
Lawenda (Lavandula L.) – rodzaj roślin z rodziny jasnotowatych. Obejmuje 41 gatunków. Występują one głównie w basenie Morza Śródziemnego, w północno-wschodniej Afryce i na Półwyspie Arabskim, ale zasięg rodzaju obejmuje obszar od Wysp Kanaryjskich po Somalię i Indie. Rośliny te rosną na siedliskach suchych, na zboczach wzgórz.

Różne gatunki lawendy, a zwłaszcza tetraploidalny mieszaniec L. ×intermedia, są rozpowszechnione w uprawie. Do bardziej mrozoodpornych należy lawenda wąskolistna L. angustifolia. Roślina ta dobrze zaaklimatyzowała się także w południowych rejonach Polski. Sadzona jest głównie w ogrodach, pożytkowana na plantacjach. Biorąc pod uwagę południowe pochodzenie, najlepsze pod uprawę tej rośliny są pola osłonięte od zimnych wiatrów i nasłonecznione. Najlepiej udaje się na glebach ciepłych, przepuszczalnych, piaszczystych o odczynie zasadowym.

Morfologia

 Pokrój Krzewy osiągające do 1,5 m wysokości, półkrzewy i rośliny zielne. Pędy zwykle silnie aromatyczne nagie lub w różnym stopniu owłosione, włoski pojedyncze, czasem gwiaździste.

 Liście Wiecznie zielone, naprzeciwległe, pojedyncze, całobrzegie o wąskiej blaszce lub głęboko ząbkowane lub pierzastosieczne. Często kutnerowate o szarym zabarwieniu.

 Kwiaty Zebrane w okółkach po 3–9 w bardzo gęstych wierzchotkach. Okółki są luźne lub gęste, tworzące szczytowy, kłosokształtny kwiatostan rozwijający się na długiej szypule, czasem rozgałęziony. Kwiaty są siedzące lub krótkoszypułkowe, wsparte trwałymi, naprzeciwległymi lub skrętoległymi podsadkami. Kielich jest zrosłodziałkowy, jajowatowalcowaty, z 8, 13 lub 15 żyłkami, promienisty z 5 działkami równej długości lub dwuwargowy, z górną wargą większą. Korona mniej lub bardziej wyraźnie dwuwargowa, zwykle niebieskofioletowa do fioletowej lub białej, rzadziej fioletowoczarna lub żółtawa. Rurka korony różnej długości – u jednych gatunków ledwo wystaje z kielicha, u innych jest dłuższa od niego (do trzech razy). Górną wargę tworzą dwie łatki, dolną trzy. Cztery pręciki są zwykle dwusilne (dwa z nich są dłuższe), nie wystają z rurki korony. Ich nitki są nagie, a pylniki nerkowate. Zalążnia górna, dwukomorowa, z dwoma zalążkami w każdej z komór. Szyjka słupka pojedyncza, z rozwidlonym znamieniem.

 Owoce Rozłupnie rozpadające się na cztery rozłupki, zmienne pod względem kształtu, koloru i wielkości.

Systematyka

 Pozycja systematyczna
Rodzaj należy do monotypowego podplemienia Lavandulinae, jednego z pięciu w obrębie plemienia Ocimeae w podrodzinie Nepetoideae z rodziny  jasnotowatych Lamiaceae.

 Wykaz gatunków
 Lavandula × alportelensis P.Silva, Fontes & Myre
 Lavandula angustifolia Mill. – lawenda wąskolistna, l. lekarska
 Lavandula antineae Maire
 Lavandula aristibracteata A.G.Mill.
 Lavandula atriplicifolia Benth.
 Lavandula austroapennina N.G.Passal., Tundis & Upson
 Lavandula bipinnata (Roth) Kuntze
 Lavandula bramwellii Upson & S.Andrews
 Lavandula buchii Webb & Berthel.
 Lavandula × cadevallii Sennen
 Lavandula canariensis Mill.
 Lavandula × cavanillesii D.Guillot & Rosselló
 Lavandula citriodora A.G.Mill.
 Lavandula coronopifolia Poir.
 Lavandula dentata L. – lawenda francuska
 Lavandula dhofarensis A.G.Mill.
 Lavandula erythraeae (Chiov.) Cufod.
 Lavandula galgalloensis A.G.Mill.
 Lavandula gibsonii J.Graham
 Lavandula × ginginsii Upson & S.Andrews
 Lavandula hasikensis A.G.Mill.
 Lavandula × heterophylla Viv.
 Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.
 Lavandula lanata Boiss.
 Lavandula latifolia Medik. – lawenda szerokolistna, lawenda spika
 Lavandula × limae Rozeira
 Lavandula × losae Sánchez-Gómez, Alcaraz & García Vall.
 Lavandula macra Baker
 Lavandula mairei Humbert
 Lavandula maroccana Murb.
 Lavandula minutolii Bolle
 Lavandula multifida L. – lawenda wielodzielna
 Lavandula nimmoi Benth.
 Lavandula nooruddinii A.Patzelt & A.Al Hinai
 Lavandula pedunculata (Mill.) Cav. – lawenda szypułkowa
 Lavandula pinnata Lundmark
 Lavandula pubescens Decne.
 Lavandula qishnensis Upson & S.Andrews
 Lavandula rejdalii Upson & Jury
 Lavandula rotundifolia Benth.
 Lavandula saharica Upson & Jury
 Lavandula samhanensis Upson & S.Andrews
 Lavandula setifera T.Anderson
 Lavandula somaliensis Chaytor
 Lavandula stoechas L.
 Lavandula sublepidota Rech.f.
 Lavandula subnuda Benth.
 Lavandula tenuisecta Coss. ex Ball
 Lavandula viridis L'Hér.

Zastosowanie
 Rośliny kosmetyczne uprawiane dla eterycznych olejków wykorzystywanych w kosmetyce. Lawendę wąskolistną uprawia się na szeroką skalę we Francji (głównie w Prowansji), Anglii, Ameryce Południowej. Służy do produkcji olejku lawendowego.
 Niektóre gatunki są uprawiane jako rośliny ozdobne.
 Rośliny miododajne: Z kwiatów lawendy, które dają obfity nektar, wytwarza się wysokiej jakości miód lawendowy. Miód ten produkowany jest przede wszystkim w regionach Morza Śródziemnego i jest sprzedawany na całym świecie jako produkt najwyższej jakości.
 Stosowane są przeciwko molom odzieżowym, które odstraszają swoim zapachem.
 Jako przyprawa: ma słodki smak z lekko cytrusowo-kwiatową nutką. Lawenda występuje często w połączeniu z innymi ziołami i przyprawami do potraw mięsnych, główne z baraniny lub dziczyzny. Jest blisko spokrewniona z rozmarynem, szałwią i tymiankiem - może być wykorzystana w większości przepisów zamiast tych przypraw. Lawenda jest jednym z ziół wchodzących w skład mieszanki ziół prowansalskich. Świeże kwiaty lawendy można wykorzystać jako jadalny dodatek dekoracyjny. Suszone kwiaty można umieścić razem z cukrem i trzymać w zamkniętym słoiku przez kilka tygodni. Powstanie cukier o zapachu lawendy, który można wykorzystać jako dodatek do ciast i kremów.
 Olejek lawendowy: ma właściwości antyseptyczne, przeciwzapalne i może być stosowany jako naturalny środek odstraszający mole i komary. Dodany do kąpieli pomaga się zrelaksować i odprężyć.

Przypisy

Jasnotowate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Club WBR is a group of passionate cyclists who not only ride together in real life but also organise many awesome events on the Zwift platform. With over 30 events to choose from every week, there is always an opportunity to join one of the group rides and have a great workout with your fellow riders on Zwift.
Membership is available through the Club WBR Facebook page. All race and ride organisers are volunteers and give a huge amount of time to ensure that the races that are organised on Zwift are of the highest calibre and also great fun. The Club, therefore, asks that all members of ClubWBR support the work of World Bicycle Relief by making a donation to the work of the charity in lieu of their volunteer time.


There is an amazing new fellow in our Vape Community by the name of Mooch, and he has been doing extensive testing on the popular batteries used by vapers and sold by vendors. You can find his information below, and I highly recommend researching his information when making battery choices or when using any of these batteries.
West Mountain Radio CBA IV Pro battery analyzer, modified for low voltage drop . Accuracy = +/-1% up to 20A.
Custom constant-current electronic load, rated 150A/400W. Accuracy = +/-0.6% up to 150A. A second load is available, if not being used for other testing, if I need to discharge at over 150A (up to 300A).
Adjustable 5A/30V CC/CV power supply for charging the cell.
Omegaette HH308 dual type-K thermocouple thermometer. Accuracy = +/-0.3% + 1C.
20A, 100A, and 200A current measuring shunts. Accuracy = +/-0.25%.
Fluke 8846A 6-1/2 digit DMM. Accuracy better than +/-0.01%.
Safety glasses, fire-resistant apron, fire-resistant gloves. I wear all when doing destructive testing or if I think the cell temperature will rise much above 100°C. Otherwise just the safety glasses.
The CBA battery analyzer handles 10% of the discharge current and creates the graphs. The custom load handles 90% of the current.
The cell has its wrapper removed so the thermocouple can be placed directly against the metal can to sense temperature.
The thermocouple, plus 0.5″ of its cable (to prevent ambient air from cooling it and affecting the thermocouple), are tightly Kapton-taped to the cell with the thermocouple positioned halfway down the cell.
All discharges, unless noted, are constant-current to within +/-1% of the stated value. Confirmed via +/-0.25% tolerance current shunt.
All measured temperatures were rounded to the nearest degree-C. Only the highest temperature for the discharge is recorded.
The cell is placed in an insulated fireproof container with a lid loosely placed on top. The container is left open at the top to allow heat to escape during discharge. If a cell vents the cover is closed and a fan is turned on to evacuate the gas/vapor outside via a flexible metal hose.
The cell holder is a non-conductive c-clamp using a 1″ x 1″, 0.040″ thick copper plate to connect to the bottom of the cell. A 1/4″ diameter copper rod is used to connect to the top of the cell. Both the top and bottom connections have 10AWG and 12AWG silicone-insulated wires soldered to them. The 10AWG wires go to the 400W load and the 12AWG wires go to the CBA, directly soldered to the CBA circuit board. I do not use the CBA's PowerPole connectors as their resistance is too high.
Why only a 1/4″ copper rod for the top of the cell? One reason is that's the equivalent of 3AWG wire…plenty beefy enough. The other reason is that I don't want to conduct any more heat from the cell than I have to.
What's done for each cell test?
Updated 10/24/15 to include pulsed discharge tests.
I use two of each cell for testing.
Photograph the wrap from one cell and top if a button has been spot-welded on.
Remove the wrap and photograph the case, top, and bottom.
Attach the thermocouple (temperature sensor) halfway down the cell with Kapton tape, making sure to cover the tip of the thermocouple to prevent any flowing air from cooling it.
Clean the test rig contacts with a Scotch-Brite pad and then a 90% alcohol wipe.
Mount the cell in the low-resistance test rig.
Charge 18650's and 26650's to 4.20V at 2.5A until the current drops to 100mA. 18350's are charged at 0.5A unless the manufacturer specifies a higher rate.
Run three constant-current (CC) discharges down to 2.80V to check basic cell functionality, including capacity and temperature. 18650's and 26650's are discharged at 10A. 18350's-18500's are discharged at 5A.
If all three discharges are essentially identical then I continue. If something keeps changing for each discharge I keep running them until the cell's performance has stabilized. So far, every cell has stabilized within three discharges.
For each discharge I measure the actual current level using a 0.25% tolerance current shunt and a Fluke 8846A meter. This not only confirms the starting current level but by using the min/max/avg functions of the meter I can confirm that the current level has not drifted.
Run CC discharges, down to 2.80V, at every 5A increment above that until the cell reaches 100°C or the voltage just quickly collapses.
Note the maximum cell temperature reached for each discharge.
After each discharge let the cell cool to below 40°C before recharging.
Recharge each cell to 4.20V, stopping when the charge current has dropped to 100mA.
Determine the cell's continuous discharge rating (CDR) by noting the current level that brings the temperature closest to the 78°C average (74°C-82°C range) I measured for the Samsung, Sony, LG cells I tested at their CDR.
Run an additional two CC discharges at the cell's CDR to check for voltage sag, loss of capacity, or increasing temperature. These are all signs of cell damage and indicate that the cell's rating is too high.
Run an additional two CC discharges at 5A above the cell's CDR to check for voltage sag, loss of capacity, or increasing temperature. These are all signs of cell damage and indicate that it's being discharged at beyond its rating. It also gives us an idea of hard it can be abused.
Take the second cell, run the three initial discharges, and then discharge at 10A and at the CDR of the cell. If the results are within 2% of the first cell then the first cell's discharge graph is used. If the discharges of the second cell are different from the first I do not post any test results until I can source another set of cells to test and compare.
Discharge the second 18650 or 26650 cell at 30A, each pulse is 5 seconds on/30 seconds off, down to 2.50V. 18350-18500 cells are started at 10A.
A lower cutoff voltage is used for the pulse testing to give those cells that have a significant increase in voltage when hot (due to lowered internal resistance) a chance to warm up.
Run pulsed current discharges, down to 2.80V, at every 5A (for 18350-18500) or 10A (for 18650-26650) increment above that until the cell reaches 100°C or the voltage drops to 2.50V for the first pulse.
I don't have a standard yet for determining the pulse rating for a cell. When I have enough pulsed current discharge data I will give each cell I test a pulse rating. In the mean time you can view the discharge graphs to see what the voltage drop is for the cells I have been testing recently. All of the Samsung, Sony, and LG cells are being retested to add this pulsed current data.
Testing batteries at their limits is dangerous and should never, ever be attempted by anyone who has not thoroughly studied the dangers involved and how to minimize them. My safety precautions are the ones I have selected to take and you should not assume they will protect you if you attempt to do any testing. Do the research and create your own testing methods and safety precautions.
There are several things you can do to help your Li-Ion batteries last as long as possible before needing to replace them. Some are easy, some are quite inconvenient. Some have a big effect, some very little. But doing any of them can help slow down the aging and degradation of your batteries.
Don't overheat them. High temperatures are the biggest cause of battery damage and reduced battery life. Anything over about 45°C/113°F, what most would call warm, and your batteries start aging faster. The more time they spend being warm or hot, and the hotter they get, the more damage you're causing.
Don't use them when they're very cold, below -20°C/-4°F. The chemical reactions in a battery are a lot less efficient at low temperatures leading to poor performance. The sudden heating of the battery if used when cold can cause localized internal heating, possibly damaging the battery.
After using your battery, let it cool to room temperature before charging it.
Don't overdischarge them. Our batteries are rated down to 2.5V or lower but you can extend their life by staying above 2.8V-3.0V***. Going below 2.0V or so leads to metal being plated inside different parts of the battery, eventually causing an internal short circuit and possible bursting of the battery.
If you accidentally overdischarge your battery below 2.0V immediately recharge it at the slowest rate your charger supports. Once the battery rises up over 3.0V or so you can switch to your normal charge rate.
If battery has been at 2.0V for a while then it's probably damaged. It's not worth trying to use the "recovery" mode of your charger (if it has it) because the damage can lead to an internal short circuit later.
Li-Ion batteries do not need to be discharged occasionally all the way down in order to keep them in top condition. Li-Ion batteries do not suffer from "memory". This is only needed for NiCd (nickel-cadmium) or NiMH (nickel metal hydride) batteries.
Partial discharging and recharging multiple times is better for long battery life than discharging all the way down to where the mod indicates "low battery" and then recharging.
After charging, let your battery cool to room temperature before using it.
Don't charge a battery that is below 0°C/32°F. It causes metal to be plated inside the battery eventually leading to an internal short circuit and possibly bursting of the battery.
Where possible, setting your charger to 4.1V will reduce stress on the battery and extend its life. But you will lose 10%-15% of the capacity of the battery.
Make sure the charger you use turns off once the charge is complete. Check the instructions for the charger you want to use.
Never use a trickle charger with Li-Ion batteries! The continuous holding of the battery at the trickle charge voltage damages it.
Don't overcharge them. To get the longest running possible time from a battery some chargers go up to as high as 4.27V. While this does result in a bit more vaping time before needing to recharge, it damages the battery. Most of the batteries we use are rated at up to 4.25V but even this is quite high. It's not dangerous until we're approaching 5V but battery damage starts occurring way below this.
Without a separate meter monitoring the battery's highest voltage before the charger stops it's hard to know what our batteries are actually being charged to. Our best option is to have our batteries spend as little time as possible fully charged and charge them just before using them. This usually isn't very convenient but it does extend battery life.
Charging at a slower rate is better, to a point. Most of our 18650 batteries have a "standard" charge rate of 1.0A-1.5A and a "rapid" charge rate of up to 4A. Charging at 0.5A might help extend the life of your batteries a bit but if the batteries are not getting warm at 1.0A then that's a good compromise between battery life and convenience. Going down to 0.375A or 0.25A won't help much versus charging at 0.5A.
Charge 18350's at 0.5A until you know that they aren't getting more than a bit warm.
Charge 26650's at 1.0A until you know that they aren't getting more than a bit warm. The better 26650's can be charged at up 2.0A without adversely affecting battery life.
Storing batteries in the refrigerator doesn't make much of a difference in battery life unless you live in an area with high temperatures year around. It's not dangerous to refrigerate them but be sure to let them come to room temperature before opening whatever airtight wrapping/container you have them in.
If a battery wrap becomes damaged, replace it immediately. Replace the top insulator ring if it's also damaged.
Every time you buy batteries also buy battery boxes or sleeves, wraps, and top insulator rings. You…will…need…them.
***This is the resting voltage, NOT the voltage "under load" that the battery drops to when being used. If your mod stops firing when the battery drops to 3.2V the battery can rise back to to 3.5V or even higher after resting for a while. This "resting voltage" is the important voltage, the one to be used when determining how low you are really discharging your batteries.
While stopping at 3.4V, 3.6V, or even higher might extend battery life a bit you are missing out on a lot of additional vaping time that you could use before needing to recharge. That additional vaping time can be enjoyed every day for, at most, just the cost of one extra set of batteries a year. Stopping at these higher voltages won't hurt the battery though. Just let the batteries sit for an hour before charging to see what their true resting voltage is when deciding how low you want their voltage to go in your mod.
When you notice that your mechanical/unregulated mod doesn't hit as hard, or for as long, as it used to (before needing to recharge your battery).
If your battery starts getting warmer during use or charging even though you haven't changed power settings or your coil resistance.
If the battery vents and leaks fluid, even the smallest amount. Continuing to use a battery after it has vented can lead to the battery overheating and possibly going into thermal runaway and bursting.
If the battery has rusted badly. You don't need to worry about a few small spots but if they are pushing the wrap up or growing larger then replace the battery.
If the battery discharged down below 2.0V for a long period of time. Accidentally discharging down below that for a short period of time is ok. But if you left a battery unused for a long period of time and it's now dropped below 2.0V, replace it. You might be able to "recover" the battery with certain chargers but it's probably damaged and it's just not worth it.
There's no need to replace a battery on a fixed schedule, e.g., once a year. Those who use their batteries at high power levels might have to replace them every few months, or even sooner. Low power vapers can easily get a couple years of use out of their batteries.
Never throw your battery in the trash! Please recycle it. Many electronics or home improvement stores and vape shops will accept your batteries for recycling. First give the battery a couple of wraps in whatever tape you have to insulate it from any metal it might touch.
Inside each battery there are two things that can interfere with the flow of current in or out of the battery. The two of them together are called the internal resistance of the battery.
Why is internal resistance important? It's what causes your battery to heat up and the voltage of your battery to sag.
So what are the two things that add together to create the the battery's internal resistance?
First, it's the actual resistance of the metal contacts and the internal structure that carries current through the battery (the electrolyte, separator, etc.). This resistance is typically only a few milliohms (thousandths of an Ohm) to a couple dozen milliohms.
Second, it's the efficiency of the chemical reactions and flow of the ions through the battery. These ions can't be transported through the battery at any rate we want. As the current level rises there is a difference in the density of the ions in different parts of the battery. This change in the density and distribution of the ions results in a voltage difference between different points of the battery. We see this effect as a voltage change as soon as current flows. Knowing the voltage change and how much current is flowing we can use Ohm's Law to determine the equivalent resistance that would cause the same voltage change.
These two resistances added together (one actual and one equivalent) give you the internal resistance of the battery…or the IR. The "DC IR", direct current internal resistance value, is the one we want to use. Since we pulse our batteries for up to several seconds we want to use the IR value measured when switching between two steady current values, one of them being zero amps in our case because we pulse our batteries on/off.
The "AC IR" value often quoted in battery datasheets is lower but this is something we would use only when measuring performance in an unregulated PWM device. It's measured by pulsing the current at 100Hz or 1000Hz.
The typical DC IR (which I'll just call IR) of a new Samsung 25R battery at room temperature is roughly 0.022-0.025 ohms. For a high-capacity 5200mAh 26650 battery the IR can be as high as 0.06 ohms. This is what causes the large voltage sag when we try to vape with these high-capacity 26650's at higher power levels.
The IR of a battery affects how we vape by causing the voltage to sag during discharging and the voltage to rise during charging. Since these voltage drops or rises are just temporary, and aren't the true voltage of the battery, this can be a problem.
Li-Ion Battery Chemistries – What are the differences in their safety?
I wanted to outline some of the differences in the safety of the chemistries used in our batteries. The Battery Bro website has a fantastic explanation of the different chemistries themselves: Battery chemistry FINALLY explained.
Before we go into the chemistry differences lets define the two different events that can occur if the battery is abused too hard; venting and thermal runaway.
Venting is a purely physical process that releases excess pressure that forms inside a battery if it is discharged too quickly or charged at too high a voltage. Both of these situations cause excess gas to be created and that increases the pressure inside the battery.
Each battery has a pre-weakened area of metal underneath the top contact. At a certain pressure level the weakened metal splits open and allows the pressure to escape. The solvent for the battery's electrolyte often oozes or sprays out too. This can be a problem because not only is it toxic but venting typically happens at around 130°C-160°C, which means the liquid is very hot.
Venting can be a rather gentle event or it can be a pretty energetic spurting and spraying of gas and liquid. Be careful, that liquid is toxic and flammable! The battery does not burst and there are no sparks or flames. The amount of gas produced is relatively small and can usually be handled quite easily by the venting holes we see in mods.
Once a battery vents, even just a little, it is ruined and should never be used again.
This is a catastrophic failure due to uncontrolled chemical reactions inside the battery. It always results in the bursting of the battery, sometimes quite violently, and can be accompanied by sparks and flames.
As the temperature of the battery rises during a discharge, certain exothermic chemical reactions can start as the temperature goes above about 75°C. This is the beginning of the process that can lead to thermal runaway if these reactions are not stopped.
If not being discharged too quickly, or the battery is being cooled a bit by ambient air flow or a metal mechanical mod tube, these new reactions can stabilize at a certain rate and not continue to increase the battery temperature. If the discharge current level is too high, or there's no cooling, then these reactions keep increasing the temperature of the battery. This causes more exothermic reactions to begin, which heats up the battery even more, which causes even more reactions to begin, and so on.
As the battery reaches about 125°C the plastic sheet (the "separator") between the two sides of the battery, positive and negative, begins to melt. This can lead to small short circuits forming at different points in the battery. These short circuits increase the temperature at those points, further increasing the rate that the battery temperature rises.
As the temperature continues to rise certain compounds start decomposing and releasing large amounts of gas. This increases the pressure inside the battery and, hopefully, leads to venting of the battery to release the pressure. But if the temperature and pressure buildup happens quickly enough, the battery won't vent in time.
At about 230°C – 270°C the thermal runaway threshold temperature is reached. This is where there the materials inside the battery are decomposing incredibly fast. There is a huge buildup of gas and the battery bursts open, often ejecting its contents and throwing pieces of battery a long distance. Depending on the threshold temperature the solvent can also ignite, resulting in a fireball to accompany the shrapnel.
While it can be quite violent, this isn't the explosion seen in a few videos that have made their way through the vaping groups and forums. Those explosions happen when a device doesn't have a pop off side panel or large open areas for the pressure to escape. The device holds back the gases for a bit but eventually it can't withstand the increasing pressure and it explodes.
It is quite difficult, but not impossible, to bring the temperature of a battery up quickly enough to go into thermal runaway without it venting first. About the only way to do it is with a short circuit.
Both venting and thermal runaway can take hours to occur or they can happen very quickly. You will typically be able to feel a battery getting hot before it vents but do not assume the same for preventing thermal runaway. That depends on a very, very fast rise in temperature, happening before the battery can vent. You might not feel the battery get hot first.
How do we prevent thermal runaway then? Never allow our batteries to be short circuited! Keep your battery wraps and top insulating rings in perfect condition, replacing them when necessary. Never use an atomizer with a press-fit or spring-loaded 510 pin on a hybrid top mechanical mod. Always make sure that the 510 pin sticks out past the threaded stem of the atomizer.
Each chemistry has different characteristics that make it safer or less safe than another. The attached table makes some basic comparisons between their safety.
As the table outlines, ICR is the least safe, INR is safer, and IMR is the safest of the three. IFR batteries (lithium-ferrous-phosphate), like the ones from A123 , are the safest Li-Ion chemistry. Their lower nominal voltage, 3.3V versus 3.6V-3.7V, causes problems for regulated devices though. The "low battery" warning comes on much sooner than when using the higher voltage chemistries.
The term "IMR" is being used by some battery companies as a generic term for any of their batteries that aren't ICR. These "IMR" batteries can be true IMR chemistry or one of the hybrid INR chemistries. While not accurate this isn't a safety issue as both IMR and INR are the safer chemistries.
Not safe…safer. Any battery can be unsafe if abused enough.
ICR batteries are not recommended unless you are very familiar with your device, Ohm's Law, and battery safety. The consequences of abusing these batteries is much, much worse than with IMR and IMR.
This can all sound quite ominous, making every battery sound like a bomb waiting to blow. While Li-Ion batteries can be dangerous if abused, we shouldn't fear them. A little knowledge and respect goes a long way towards making sure we never have problems.
Know your batteries and vape safe!
Calculating the current being drawn from the batteries in a regulated device can be very confusing. You can't do it the same way as you would for a mechanical/unregulated device and there are so many different battery configurations; single, dual parallel, dual series, triple series, etc.
The way I keep it all sorted out is to remember that, in a regulated mod, the coil isn't connected to the battery. The regulator is. To calculate the current being drawn from each battery when using variable-wattage (VW) mode you need to calculate the maximum wattage each battery supplies.
As an example, the Reuleaux has a maximum wattage rating of 200W. Since it uses three batteries that means each battery supplies 200W / 3 = 67W. For dual parallel or series 150W devices each battery supplies 150W / 2 = 75W. You use this method for series or parallel devices, it doesn't matter.
So you want a battery that can safely supply 23.4A of current if you're using the mod at its maximum rating of 150W.
If you know you will not be exceeding a particular wattage that is less than the maximum then you can use that wattage in the equation instead. This often means you're able to use a higher capacity battery like the HG2 or 30Q instead of a high current rated, but lower capacity, battery like the VTC4 or HB6. It's worth doing the math to find out.
This works for series or parallel devices. It does not matter how they are connected as we are already taking that into account when we calculate the max power for each battery.
It takes much longer to explain all this than it does to actually calculate the amount of current being drawn from your batteries. I hope this helps make the very confusing process of determining how much current is being drawn a little bit easier.
Have you considered using a battery because of its high pulsed current rating? At first glance the pulse rating seem to make a lot of sense. After all, when we vape we don't run our batteries continuously. We only use them for a few seconds at a time. And considering how much higher the pulse ratings are, versus the continuous current ratings, it's very tempting to choose a battery based just on its pulse rating.
There are no standards for these pulse ratings. One battery reseller could base their rating on taking 4 second draws every minute and another might base their rating on 10 second draws every 20 seconds. These two examples will result in very different temperatures and performance. The same battery could get a 40A rating one way and a 30A rating the other way. This makes comparing batteries by their pulse ratings very difficult, if not impossible.
What happens if our regulated mod autofires or our mechanical mod's button gets stuck on or accidentally pressed in our pocket? If we have set up our mod with a low resistance coil that forces us to only rely on a battery's pulse rating, we could be in big trouble. We could easily overheat the battery, causing it to vent or perhaps even burst.
Choosing which battery is best to use based on pulse ratings is not only practically impossible, it can be unsafe too.
So how should you choose a battery to get both the most power for your mod and still be safe? Either go by the continuous discharge rating (CDR) or find a reviewer that tests batteries beyond the CDR and records temperatures to know when it becomes unsafe. But for longer battery life, consider running your batteries below their CDR. It adds a greater safety margin as the batteries age and lets them run cooler.
We've all seen them, the batteries with 35A (35 amp) or higher current ratings. And it seems that they would be the perfect choice for mech (mechanical mod) users or really low ohm coil builds, doesn't it?
Except for the fact that as of July 2015 January 2016 there are no 18650 batteries rated at above 30A continuous available to us vapers!
Batteries are manufactured by only a handful of companies like Samsung, Sony, and LG. It takes millions of dollars to start up even a modest battery production line. The companies you see selling these high-amp batteries are just too small to be able to afford that kind of investment. So where do they get the batteries from? The established battery manufacturing companies like Samsung, Sony, and LG!
These smaller companies buy the batteries, rewrap them (i.e., they put their own "wrap", or sleeve, on them), boost up the current and capacity ratings, boost up the price too, and sell them as high performance batteries. This is how we know that there are no 35A or higher rated 18650 batteries out there. None of the big battery companies make them!
Since these battery rewrapping companies use the same batteries that we can buy at a lower price with the original manufacturer's wrap still on them, why should we buy them? In my opinion, no reason at all unless they are the only ones you can get.
Can these 35A and higher rated batteries actually be used at those high current levels? Technically, yes. Those high current ratings are just "pulse" ratings, passed off as continuous current ratings. This means those batteries can only be used at those current levels for short pulses of current. You might be thinking that this isn't a problem because we only vape for a few seconds at a time. But using them like that isn't safe.
Since battery rewrapping companies typically exaggerate the ratings by quite a lot, or pass off the pulse rating as the continuous current rating, we don't know how hard we can safely run those batteries continuously. And this can lead to big problems if we have a regulated mod that autofires or if we have a mech mod and its button sticks or is accidentally pressed in our pocket. Without knowing the battery's true continuous current rating this could easily lead to the battery spraying hot, toxic stuff inside your mod ("venting"). Or worse, it could cause the battery to go into "thermal runaway" where the temperatures rise tremendously and the cell violently bursts open.
And don't be afraid to just ask for advice here at ECF. If you see a battery that you want to buy, but aren't sure if it's safe to use in your mod, please ask us! We want to see everyone vaping safely and will be glad to help.
So, are there 30A batteries? Only one, the LG HB6 1500mAh 18650. You can see the classic tradeoff between capacity (number of mAh) and the current rating here. Typically, if you want high capacity you can't have a high current rating. And vice-versa. If you see a battery with both, check around for test results or a review before buying it.
So be careful of these batteries boasting that they're rated above 30A and vape safe!


Jessica bagged the Miss World Australia title in 2012.
Miss World Australia 2012, Jessica Kahawaty, joins Yahoo! Maktoob to host the brand new bi-weekly show on 'omg! NOW'. Take a look at this beauty's journey of diverse careers.


Top 5 Panama City neighborhoods for loan application volume in the last 5 months. Source: WFL Lender Pool. Updated Monthly.
Anne and her husband are trying to generate added income in whatever way they can. They both work and have full time jobs. However, they just do not make enough money to do some of the things they would like to do in life.
Instead of just spending money and going into debt they are trying to come up with ways to make extra money.
Their credit scores are not the best and they are having some trouble finding a loan.
They do not have any other debt. They have a credit card each which they try to never use. When they do use them they repay the balance before the due date.
There problem really is that they simply do not make enough money to qualify for many loans and they have not used debt in the past to create a track record of debt repayment.
Anne's husband has a lead on a half ton truck, which was involved in an accident. The insurance company is going to write it off, but he figures he can fix it for around $5k, which is not that much.
However, his labor is free and he knows where he can get a new engine and parts at significantly reduced rates. For the insurance company to take on the same project it would cost significantly more.
He is hoping to be able to make repairs and then sell the truck for around $15k and make a $10 k profit. This would be really great profit for them and would help them achieve some of their goals.
He plans to work on the truck in the evening and on weekends. Without any roadblocks, he thinks it will take him about 3 months to complete the project.
They just need a $5k loan with small monthly payments so they can afford the payments. They expect to repay the loan in full within four months' time.
This loan application is a bit of stretch for most lenders to consider. There is no equity that they can provide for security and although the monthly payment is only $120, it is still a lot for this couple to absorb if this project really goes south.
If Anne's husband is unable to actually make these repairs and have the truck pass a safety test and an emissions test, he risks losing his original investment. However, the truck should still be worth at least $5k to someone if he cannot get it back on the road.
This is really an entrepreneurial project. If they are successful, they will do more projects like this which could mean more business for the lender in the future.
Everything considered, they likely will be approved for the loan. They just need to provide more details about assumptions about cost etc.
There is a limited amount of time to think about this opportunity since the insurance company really wants to sell this damaged vehicle.
If you live in Panama City FL and you need a loan regardless of a bad credit rating we hope our website helps you in some way.
Chris Somerset is a personal finance contributor and lead coordinator of We Find Lenders Pool.
For details regarding Panama City's legal authority on lenders we encourage you to check out Florida State Legislature website on the Statute §687 and §516.031 page.


The Fern shorts are a vintage-inspired sewing pattern featuring turn-up cuffs, oh-so handy pockets, and a soft belt in the waist. Sew it up in khaki for chic outdoor wear, or go bold with print and colour to make the most of the glamorous pin-up silhouette!
What's in the printed pattern?
And if I buy a digital copy?
Afternoon uses an alphabetised sizing chart. The approximate equivalent UK/US sizing and imperial measurements are indicated alongside.
What will I need to make the Fern shorts?
Please note that a printable sewing pattern comes as a digital download. Read more about printable sewing patterns in our FAQ section.
Printed sewing patterns will be posted to you, read more about shipping in our FAQ section.


With the 11:20 minutes long dance video "Scream" Tobias finishes his project "The Jackson Trilogy". With his previous videos "Burn It Up" & "Black or White" he had us all ecstatic and overwhelmed, and now this 3rd video seems to be completely out of this world and we're about to burst. Thank you for always being invested in your dreams and setting a huge example for all of us. We are extremely proud of you!
This video also means a little extra to us, because a great number of people from Danseuddannelsen got to be a part of it - we're always excited when former students get together. However, first one up is not a former student: owner and artistic director of Danseuddannelsen, Sara Gaardbo, got to work with Tobias on the project as costume designer and we are so thrilled that the two of you were finally able to join forces. Behind the scenes pictures from the trips to Iceland & Wales appear further down. Former student Maria Ipsen (2011/2012) assisted Sara with the costumes - amazing how this education also gets to inspire people to go in other directions with their creativity. Thank you Maria for giving a helping hand, when you yourself certainly have your hands full of projects.
Former student Sebastian Skov (2014/2015) appears in the video as one of the recurring dancers and we are so happy to see you being you in the univers that Tobias created. So much talent and knowledge in such a young dancer - so much respect goes out to you, Sebastian.
Behind the scenes shot with the 10 people named on the left.
Full credit list in Tobias's video - watch it by clicking here!
Sara & Sebastian in between shooting on Iceland.


text:
Kusakari (written: 草刈) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

, Japanese actor and model
, Japanese ballet dancer and actress

Japanese-language surnames