text:
Q: setState does not update GridView in flutter I have read the other questions and while they do have similar titles to this one, they don't cover my issue. Please read below.
I'm using Android Studio. I have a simple stateful app with a GridView. Its children are in a list "geza". When I press the button a Text('Hello') is added to the list.
This is done inside the setState() method. The newly added widget will not appear in the grid.
If I do a hot-redeploy from Android studio, then after the redeploy the widget will show up. So it looks like the widget is added to the list, but the Grid is not updated.
What am I doing wrong?
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {

  var geza = <Widget>[ Text('AAA') ];

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('My Test'),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: GridView.count(crossAxisCount: 2,
          children: this.geza
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            this.geza.add(Text('Hello'));
          });
        },
        child: Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
    );
  }
}

A: I think Flutter treats list of widgets specially, as you can see in this similar case. This solution uses ListView.builder: in your case, you can use a GridView.builder, but you can also use strings instead of widgets inside your geza list to avoid any further problems:
class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  // Use a list of strings
  final List<String> geza = ['AAA'];

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('My Test'),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: GridView.count(
          crossAxisCount: 2,
          // Convert to a list of widgets here
          children: this.geza.map((v) => Text(v)).toList(),
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          // Add a string to the list
          setState(() => this.geza.add('Hello'));
        },
        child: Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
    );
  }
}

A: You could use spread operator (...) to solve this issue.
GridView.count(
  crossAxisCount: 2,
  children: [
    ...geza
  ],
),


text:
The Myth of Stability: Infighting and Repression in Houthi-Controlled Territories
Six years after the coup that ousted President Abdrabbu Mansour Hadi and his government, the Houthi movement, otherwise known as Ansarallah, has strengthened its grip on northern Yemen. It currently rules over approximately 70% of the country's population, and in 2020 mounted new military offensives in Al Jawf, Marib and Hodeidah. Domestically, the group has suppressed dissent and won complete control of what is left of the Yemeni state, appointing loyalists in civilian and military bodies and transferring powers from government institutions to a shadowy network of Houthi supervisors. A pervasive security apparatus, built on the ashes of Ali Abdullah Saleh-era intelligence bodies (UN Panel of Experts, 27 January 2020: 9), has focused on protecting the Houthi regime and monitoring the movements of suspected enemies, including humanitarian organizations. Among the successes boasted by Houthi officials is the restoration of security and stability in Houthi-controlled regions, which they contrast with the mayhem plaguing the areas under the authority of the internationally recognized government and allied coalition forces (Yemen Press Agency, 21 December 2019; Al Masirah, 21 July 2020; Ansarollah, 2 January 2021).
Yet despite these repressive efforts, tensions continue to rise in northern Yemen. From the failed uprising incited by former president and erstwhile Houthi ally Ali Abdullah Saleh to sporadic tribal rebellions and infighting within Houthi ranks, localized resistance to Houthi rule has turned violent in several provinces. Confronted with the outbreak of dissent, the Houthis have accused "foreign-armed forces" of terrorist activities, and have used violence to force internal opponents into submission. However, the roots of these incidents are largely domestic in nature. Not only do they highlight the unstable and violent nature of governance in Houthi-controlled territories, their occurrence also challenges the very essence of the wartime political order based on the acquiescence and collusion of societal groups with the Houthi-dominated state authorities (Staniland, 2012).
This report draws on ACLED data to examine patterns of infighting and repression in Houthi-controlled Yemen from 2015 to the present. It shows that behind the purported projection of unity in the face of the 'aggression,' local struggles within the Houthi movement, and between the movement and the tribes, are widespread across the territories under Houthi control. This geographic diffusion, however, has not translated into a unitary front against the Houthis; it rather reflects localized resistance to Houthi domination and encroachment in tribal areas which has stood little chance against the Houthis' machine of repression.
Infighting
Despite their ostensible cohesion, the armed forces loyal to the Houthis consist of a heterogenous assortment of militants and professional soldiers. These forces are composed of approximately 200,000 troops, two thirds of which have been recruited since the start of the war according to a recent report (Al Masdar, 3 January 2021). Alongside the regular army, special military units and armed militias operate under the command of high-ranking Houthi officials, loyal tribal shaykhs, and other prominent figures capable of rallying support locally. While expected to show ideological commitment to the Houthi cause, local commanders also enjoy relative autonomy, operating as a network of militias that are involved in the extraction of levies and the recruitment of fighters in support of the war effort (Diwan, 25 November 2020).
This "cartel-like" structure (Shiban, 4 December 2020), however, is prone to stoking tensions within the movement. Rival factions are reported to exist among senior Houthi officials competing over access to positions of power and control of rents. While these are rarely — if ever — acknowledged in public, concerns over balancing their relative influence on decision-making are said to determine the allocation of regime posts and resources (Al Araby, 19 July 2019; Marib Press, 28 December 2019). Across Houthi-controlled territories, tensions have occasionally arisen between local Houthi ringleaders, derogatively known as mutahawwithin (ACAPS, 17 June 2020), and militia commanders hailing from Yemen's northern governorates, the cradle of Ansarallah. Such hostilities have emerged in response to the latter's encroachment in central Yemen at the expense of local Houthi elites who face increased marginalization in political and security institutions.
Data recorded by ACLED reveal that infighting within Houthi ranks reached a new peak in 2020 (see figure below). In 2020, more than 40 distinct battles between opposing Houthi forces were recorded in 11 governorates, compared to the 15 battles distributed across six governorates in 2018 and the 31 battles across seven governorates in 2019. Since 2015, confrontations have involved a wide range of actors within the Houthi camp, including regular army troops, Republican Guard soldiers loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh and his nephew Tareq (who now leads the anti-Houthi forces on the western front), and local Houthi supervisors, or mushrifin. With the notable exception of events in December 2017 — when the spike in infighting was a direct result of the collapse of the Houthi-Saleh alliance — what has since been driving this internecine violence is a multitude of locally situated struggles among elements of the Houthi regime over land property, checkpoint control, and taxation.
Despite a relative decrease from the record high of 2019, Ibb remains the 'hotbed of infighting' in Houthi-controlled areas with nearly one fourth of the total events recorded by ACLED in 2020 (see figure below). Since 2017, tensions between the local security director Abdulhafiz As Suqqaf — a former ally of Saleh and an enabler of the Houthi advance in Ibb — and the loyalist Houthi faction from Saada escalated into heavy clashes, involving their allied tribal networks and plunging the governorate into instability (for more, see ACLED's report on Houthi infighting in Ibb). In fact, these clashes are a testament to the local resentment existing among groups that had been acquiescent over, or had actively supported, the Houthi takeover across central and northern Yemen in 2014 and 2015, and were later disposed of by Houthi loyalists. More recently, sporadic outbursts of violence between rival Houthi factions continued through the first half of 2020, resulting in at least eight deaths between January and July.
Other governorates experienced a marked increase in internecine violence in 2020. In Al Bayda, the town of Radaa, which had fallen under the control of Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula in 2012 (Van Veen, 29 January 2014), was the site of several violent confrontations between rival Houthi factions linked to the local tribal networks of Riyam and Al Jawf Al Qayfa (Hafryat, 12 January 2020; Al Masdar, 19 July 2020). The conflict thus combines tribal grievances over land disputes and revenge killings with factional hostilities between Houthi ringleaders in Radaa. In Al Hodeidah, clashes broke out in the southern districts of Tuhayat and Hays over the distribution of levies among local Houthi leaders, pitting local mutahawwithin commanders from the Tihama plains both against Houthi supervisors from Amran and each other (Al Arabiya, 12 February 2020; Al Ayyam, 28 November 2020). Similar incidents were also reported north of Sanaa (Khabar Agency, 19 October 2020), in Taizz (Yemen Shabab, 28 March 2020), and in Marib — the latter being particularly notable due to the involvement of the Third Military Region commander Mubarak Mishin Al Zaydi (Al Mashhad Al Yemeni, 26 March 2020).
This disparate sequence of events across Houthi-controlled territories reflects the tensions running between the center and the periphery of the movement. In some territories, the centralization of power in the hands of an inner circle consisting of Houthi loyalists is facing opposition from local factions that risk losing authority. Occasionally, factional infighting has merged with communal disputes, leading local Houthi ringleaders to mobilize their respective tribal supporters (Al Mashhad Al Yemeni, 13 January 2020). Indeed, relationships between the Houthis and the tribes have grown increasingly strained in much of northern Yemen, with rising levels of tribal resistance and Houthi repression.
Tribal Disorder
Since 2015, tribes have spearheaded the military campaign against the Houthis in several battlefronts across Yemen, although intermittent or inadequate support from the armed forces of the Yemeni government and the Saudi-led coalition has been a frequent cause of frustration. Over the past year, the Murad tribe mounted a fierce resistance against the Houthi offensive in Marib amidst a spectacular failure of the army to coordinate and lead the fighting (Nagi, 29 September 2020). Likewise, tribal fighters and shaykhs have been enlisted to join brigades associated with the government and the coalition, such as the powerful Second Giants Brigade deployed on the western front and dominated by the Al Subayha tribe (Al Masdar, 3 January 2021). Beyond mere fighting, tribal mediation has also succeeded in achieving several prison swaps between the government and the Houthis, often outperforming UN-brokered mediation efforts (Al Masdar, 9 December 2019; Al Dawsari, 10 November 2020).
Inside Houthi-controlled territories, tribal coexistence with Ansarallah has been mixed. Under the umbrella of the Tribal Affairs Authority, the alliance with Ali Abdullah Saleh enabled the Houthis to secure the support — or at least the acquiescence — of tribal shaykhs co-opted by the former president (ACAPS, 13 August 2020). Shaykhs were offered positions in national and local government institutions, and were key to preserving the stability of the alliance at the local level. In December 2017, Saleh failed to mobilize his tribal network after splitting with Ansarallah, suggesting that some tribes had pragmatically shifted towards the Houthis. Signs of tribal disorder have since increased in central and northern Yemen. This may reflect Saleh's ability to hold together "a broad, trans-sectarian network of tribal alliances" (Al-Deen, 23 April 2019) that stretched beyond the traditional geographical and sectarian areas of Houthi influence, in absence of which discomfort over Houthi domination has surfaced.
Data collected by ACLED on tribal disorder seem to confirm these trends. In order to delimit the concept of tribal disorder, these data only comprise organized violence events occurring in Houthi-controlled territories, and deliberately exclude the targeting of tribal communities and confrontations with government or coalition-backed tribes along the battlefront. With this in mind, the figure below shows that violent confrontations between Houthi forces and armed tribes peaked in 2019, increasing threefold from the previous year and slightly subsiding in 2020. The increase, however, had already begun in 2018, following the split between Saleh and the Houthis. The figure also reveals that violence targeting unarmed tribespeople and communal groups has substantially increased over the past two years, a reflection of growing Houthi repression.
Disorder and repression in tribal areas were widespread in Houthi-controlled territories between 2015 and 2020, despite this violence being predominantly local in nature (see figure below). Resistance to Houthi domination has emerged in response to Saleh's call to rise up against his former allies in Hajjah (Al Bayan, 9 December 2017) and Sanaa (Al Watan, 12 December 2017) governorates in solidarity with other tribes facing violent Houthi repression (Al Masdar, 21 February 2019) and in connection to local disputes involving tribal land and customs. Indeed, the enforcement of norms deemed as illegitimate by the tribes, as well as the forceful arrest of tribespeople, has led locals to take up arms against the Houthis in several northern governorates (Al Arabiya, 2 January 2018; Asharq Al Awsat, 13 November 2018; Al Arabiya, 13 December 2020; Al Mashhad Al Yemeni, 28 December 2020). A related trend highlighted in the above and below figures concerns the use of violence targeting tribal groups to settle disputes, or as a form of retribution to punish resistance against the Houthis. Reports of communities targeted by indiscriminate shelling, as well as tribesmen and communal leaders killed or abducted by Houthi supervisors after refusing to pay taxes or join the battlefront, have substantially increased over the past two years.
Tribal disorder has been most intense in Hajjah and Al Bayda, sites of two uprisings launched by the Hujur and Al Awadh tribes in 2018 and 2020. Despite their local character, the dynamics of the two rebellions share remarkable commonalities. Tribal shaykhs from both the Hujur and Al Awadh sided, albeit uncomfortably, with the Houthis in the aftermath of the Saudi-led intervention in 2015 (Al Yaman Al Araby, 18 January 2017; Al Mashhad Al Yemeni, 11 March 2019). Yet, after the killing of Ali Abdullah Saleh, discontent over the repeated incursions in tribal territory and the violations of tribal customs was used to mobilize tribal communities against the Houthis (Al Ayyam, 19 February 2019; ACAPS, 13 August 2020). In response, the Houthis accused influential tribal leaders aligned with the General People's Congress (GPC) — shaykhs Fahd Dahshoush and Yasser Al Awadhi — of inciting sedition and colluding with foreign forces, in a significant blow to local mediation efforts to prevent the escalation of the conflict (Ansarollah, 1 December 2019; Al Araby, 17 June 2020). Lacking any considerable military support from the government and the coalition, tribal mobilization did not match the greater military capabilities of the Houthis, which eventually succeeded in isolating the tribes and crushing the uprisings (Al Masdar, 29 April 2020; Al-Dawsari, 22 June 2020). In addition to battling with the tribes, Houthi forces were also reported to have looted and shelled tribal villages indiscriminately.
Another element in common between the two uprisings is the reported destruction of tribal homes by the Houthis. According to tribal customs, the house is a sacred space, and any violation or insult to its sacred nature must be compensated (ACAPS, 13 August 2020). Yet, the destruction of a house represents a physical and symbolic humiliation, which can deprive a tribal shaykh of power and respect among his community and beyond. In February 2014, the Houthis blew up the house of the Al Ahmar family in Amran, a warning sign for other tribal shaykhs planning to oppose the Houthi advance in Hashid territory (Al-Dawsari, 17 February 2020). This event was not the last one, and the use of these tactics has in fact intensified throughout the war: data collected by ACLED reveal that the Houthis blew up, burnt, or shelled houses belonging to tribal, community, and party leaders in at least 51 districts across 17 governorates (see figure below).1Events involving the destruction of tribal houses are coded by ACLED either as "Strategic developments" (if involving looting and burning) or as "Explosions/Remote Violence" (if involving the use of shelling, bombs, or other remotely activated devices). The deliberate destruction of tribal houses has typically occurred in response to the emergence of local opposition to Houthi rule, and has been intended to subjugate the insurgents and intimidate potential dissidents (The National, 13 February 2019; Rights Radar, June 2019; Yemen Window, 20 July 2019).
Relationships between the Houthis and the tribes have become increasingly tense since the violent demise of Ali Abdullah Saleh. Without the former president alive to oversee his patronage network and assuage tribal concerns over his allies' intentions, some tribes of central and northern Yemen have broken ties with the Houthis, sparking short-lived rebellions. The Houthis have responded to mounting tribal opposition with severe repression, resulting in higher levels of violence targeting civilians and breeding further anxiety among the tribes.
While spared by the fragmentation and insurgencies that characterize much of southern Yemen (for more, see ACLED's analysis series mapping little-known armed groups in Yemen, as well as our recent report on the wartime transformation of AQAP), infighting and repression constitute two major sources of instability in Houthi-controlled territories, and a potential challenge to the survival of the Houthi regime in the coming years. Within Ansarallah, factional infighting has pitted local Houthi commanders against loyalists hailing from the northern governorates, reflecting resentment over the centralizing trends sponsored by the movement's leadership. The co-option of tribal shaykhs as security or political officials in local government structures has nonetheless brought communal disputes over revenge killings or land property inside the movement itself. Overall, relationships between the Houthis and the tribes have considerably worsened since Ali Abdullah Saleh was assassinated in December 2017, igniting a cycle of revolts and repression.
Yet, this widespread disorder at the local level has not escalated into mass defections from the regime. Divide-and-rule strategies, exemplified by the selective co-option of tribal shaykhs in governance structures, together with the pragmatic considerations of the tribes that are wary of antagonizing Ansarallah, have allowed the movement to navigate these turbulences almost unscathed. Without external support for domestic groups or a collective uprising against Houthi rule — both of which are highly unlikely in the current context of a prolonged war of attrition — there is little chance that these uprisings could turn into a wider challenge for the regime. More likely, infighting and repression will continue to permeate relations between the Houthis and other groups at the local level.
© 2021 Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED). All rights reserved.
Andrea Carboni
Andrea Carboni is a Middle East Senior Researcher at ACLED and a postdoctoral research fellow with the University of Sussex. He joined ACLED in 2014, and formerly oversaw data collection and analysis in the Africa, Middle East and Yemen desks. At the University of Sussex, he works on the VERSUS project, focusing on elite politics in Yemen. His research interests include the study of political elites and strategies of political survival.
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Author: Andrea Carboni
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text:
What does Girls Like You mean?
Maroon 5: Girls Like You Meaning
Get "Girls Like You" on MP3:
Get MP3 from iTunes
Girls Like You Lyrics
Play "Girls Like You"
Spent 24 hours
I need more hours with you
You spent the weekend
Getting even, ooh ooh
We spent the late nights
Making things right, between us
But now it's all good baby
Roll that Backwood baby
And play me close
'Cause girls like...
Jul 2nd, 7:32pm report
The lyrics of "Girls Like You", among other things, see the singer (Adam Levine) heaping oceans of gratitude upon the woman in his life. He thanks her for putting up with him through very challenging times in the their love affair and lets her know how much he needs her.
mafaldita47
Apr 15th, 4:33pm report
I think the song focuses on the kind of superficial relationship that people live today. It's a couple at the beginning of the typical seduction. But, the man already wants to move to another plan: the sexual act. That's why he tells her to get closer to him. So far everything has been done well. Then, the girl gives in under pressure. And after the consummated physiological need, the male tells her, or thinks that this will be the last time they are together. I mean, he used her and he doesn't like her, it's over. In short, the song deals with the superficiality of human relationships, the objectification of sex. And the male mentality plays an important role here. I would say the song is a message for men. The way to treat women.The male need a girl like "you" without any commitment "free love".
Oct 22nd, 2018 10:39am report
I interpret it, that EVERY woman , is "that" woman... who's to say what the perfect woman is??? It's each and every one , that is "that girl", to somebody. And I feel that they are trying to say that EVERY woman is beautiful, and somebody's "perfect " match...
Aug 1st, 2018 8:49pm report
It's about someone going into rehab.
This interpretation has been marked as poor. view anyway
Jul 28th, 2018 7:23pm report
"Girls Like You" is an upbeat love song in which Adam Levine shows his appreciation for his girl after overcoming a difficult time in their relationship.
Adam Levine acknowledges that he and his girl need each other in their lives.
From Songfacts
The guy is singing about how his female family members help him through his life and how they drive the car for him whenever he is too drunk to drive.
Jul 6th, 2018 7:03pm report
All girls deserve love
More Maroon 5 song meanings »
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Email me when new interpretations are posted for Girls Like You
Maroon 5 Song Meanings
This Love
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One More Night
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If I Never See Your Face Again
Better that We Break


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text:
The Arthur Laing Bridge  is a crossing over the north arm of the Fraser River, and several minor roads, in Metro Vancouver.

History

Proposal
The closing of the original Marpole Bridge in 1957 created a more circuitous route between Vancouver and Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Years of debate to restore a direct route followed. In 1963, Arthur Laing, Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources, announced plans for a toll bridge to be completed within three years. By 1965, he was promoting a tunnel. In 1971, Don Jamieson, Minister of Transport announced a toll-free bridge, but the proposed ramps directly accessing bridges to Lulu Island would not be built. Richmond residents were angry.

On September 6, 1974, Pierre Trudeau announced that the new bridge over the north arm of the Fraser River would be named after Arthur Laing, who was a member of House of Commons of Canada from Vancouver.

Completion and controversy
Although the bridge opened to traffic on 27 August 1975, Otto Lang, Minister of Transport, performed the official opening of the $23m crossing in May 1976. On hand were Premier Bill Bennett, Gil Blair, mayor of Richmond, Art Phillips, mayor of Vancouver, and widow Geraldine Laing, who unveiled a plaque.

Connecting Grant McConachie Way with SW Marine Drive, the bridge is  long and  wide, with a  main span standing  above the river. The main span comprises haunched (deeper at supports) steel box-girders and the approaches are concrete box-girders. YVR owns and maintains this high-level four-lane crossing, that has no sidewalks, and cyclists ride on the shoulders of the roadway. Being federal property, signage is in both official languages.

Claiming concerns over increased congestion on Granville Street, the City of Vancouver opposed access ramps for Richmond traffic. However, since these commuters were already using the bridge by turning at Aviation Avenue, the true impact of ramps would be to reduce travel distance by , and improve traffic flow on Sea Island. Tom Siddon, member for Burnaby—Richmond—Delta, pressed for the ramps, which opened in 1986.

In 2006, YVR floated a proposal that the bridge be restricted to airport traffic, which provoked a hostile reaction from Richmond city councillors.

Further improvements

In 1987, about 45 percent of the  deck was milled to about  to remove salt-contaminated concrete. After patching, the surface received cathodic protection, before placing a  thick low-slump dense concrete overlay. The exercise closed half the lanes for four months, and cost about $3m.

In the mid-1990s, the bridge underwent seismic upgrades, which comprised deficient bearings, piers and foundations, and potential soil liquefaction. The work included 800 stone columns installed along either side of the bridge for ground improvement. Richmond, about  metre above sea level, requires drainage and flood protection. To this end, Grauer Road was raised to 4.7m, which would handle a one-metre rise in sea level. At the road perimeter, the installation of a buried steel sheet pile wall will ensure the bridge piers remain flexible in a seismic event. The road base comprises pumice for light weight and drainage. The project was completed in 2014 for the opening of the McArthurGlen outlet mall.

In 2008, Translink added a bus lane on Russ Baker Way, between Gilbert Road and Cessna Drive. To respond to 127 crashes each year on the bridge, camera monitoring was added and
a tow truck stationed at the south end of the bridge during morning rush hour.

In 2014, the adjustment of vehicle lane widths allowed bike-lane widening to improve safety for cyclists.

Gliding above

In May 1981, a Cessna 172, that ran out of fuel, crash landed on the bridge deck, but caused no injuries.

Since completion of the north runway in 1996, primarily used for landings, signs have warned bridge traffic of low flying aircraft.

The Middle Arm SkyTrain Bridge, which opened in 2009, passes over the Arthur Laing southern approach.

See also
 List of crossings of the Fraser River
 List of BC bridges

Footnotes

References

Bridges in Greater Vancouver
Bridges completed in 1975
Transport in Richmond, British Columbia
Bridges over the Fraser River
Road bridges in British Columbia
1975 establishments in British Columbia
Sea Island (British Columbia)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Roman amphitheatre
The Roman Ruins
Upon arriving in the city by train, I walked toward the most obvious point of interest, the Roman amphitheater.
According to UNESCO:
The amphitheatre, built around AD 90, ranks among the great amphitheatres and could hold 20,000 spectators. Gladiator fights and animal hunts took place here until the end of the 5th century.
During the Middle Ages, the building became a fortress, sheltering two chapels and 212 houses within its walls. These parasitic constructions were destroyed in 1825.
Nearby, there were also the ruins of a Classical theater which was built in the 1st century BC and had a capacity of 10,000 people.
Neither set of ruins were my primary reason for visiting Arles nor did they hold my interest for very long.
Pretty window
Instead, I was charmed by the ivy-covered walls of homes with prettily painted shutters.
I saw more of these in Arles than Avignon, where I'd been several days earlier and which was less than an hour north by car.
And plazas and fountains like the one above featuring regal lions.
The attractive three-story building in the background is the 17th century Hotel de Ville.
Le Jardin de la Maison de Santé a Arles
As the Autumn afternoon was giving way to dusk, I finally stumbled across a site that inspired one of the artist's great works.
Le Jardin de la Maison de Santé a Arles is a garden courtyard that was at the center of the former hospital of Arles. It was here in 1889 that Vincent van Gogh voluntarily checked himself into the hospital for treatment of depression.
The previous year, after having moved to Arles from Paris, he'd famously cut off his left ear and mailed it to a prostitute. By the following year, 1890, he'd be dead of a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the chest at a hospital in Auvers-sur-Oise, northwest of Paris.
He was only 37 years old.
Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments became a World Heritage Site in 1981.
Click here for the full list of UNESCO sites Dave has visited during his travels.
Filed Under: Features, France
Walter Pinem says
very classic! wish I could go there this summer. As always, love the way you tell a story. Gogh is one of my favorites, nice photos as well ;)
Maja says
very nice, thanks for information !


text:
Q: React param routing with Sidebar Component I've a routing section with two containers. One is login container containing login and Sign up pages while other one has the other routes. Have a look here:
Default container has a FloatCart component which acts as some kind of side component. Clicking on FloatCart leads to a new route 'Checkout'. It works fine as long as there's no route with params. But whenever, I try to move from Product Details page, URL changes to 'product/checkout'. How do I get rid of this? I merely want to route to 'checkout'
I've tried moving Product Details page up to hierarchy but it doesn't work either.
const DefaultContainer = () => (
  <div>
    <FloatCart />
    <Route exact path="/menu" component={Menu} />
    <Route exact path="/product/:id" component={ProductDetails} />
    <Route exact path="/checkout" component={CheckoutInfo} />
    <Route exact path="/order-details" component={ConfirmOrder} />
    <Route exact path="/payment" component={Payment} />
    <Route exact path="/order-placed" component={Success} />
  </div>
);

This is my routing section:
            <Router>
          <Switch>
            <Route exact path="/" component={LoginContainer} />
            <Route exact path="/login" component={LoginContainer} />
            <Elements>
            <Route component={DefaultContainer} />
            </Elements>
          </Switch>
        </Router>

Edit:
That's the code I use to push to another route:
this.props.history.push('./checkout');

A: Fix with:
this.props.history.push('/checkout') instead of: this.props.history.push('/.checkout')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Environmental Defenders Office is an independent community legal centre in Queensland. It does stalwart work to protect the environment. Among its many other activities, the EDO recently represented conservation groups in court cases about dredging and dumping of spoil in the Great Barrier Reef.
The EDO depends on community support to operate. Its latest fund-raiser is Swim for the Reef—an event in which teams of supporters swim as far as they can (in a swimming pool) between midday and midnight on 23 January 2016. I encourage you to sign up as a swimmer, and/or donate to the cause.
Here's something delightful—24 volumes of an Encyclopaedia Britannica transformed into a mountain landscape by the artist Guy Laramée. I have already admitted to a liking for the printed Britannica, but I know that's outmoded. Thanks to the blog Colossal for revealing this work to me.
First thing in the morning. I'm on the verandah of the Assistant Lightkeeper's quarters. I can hear waves lapping the shore, sea birds calling, the wind in the palm fronds. At a distance, just audible, repeated strokes of a rake on sand.
A judge has ruled that the US Defence Department must consider the fate of the dugong in plans to build a new airbase on a coral reef on the coast of Okinawa. She made the ruling under the National Historic Preservation Act, which requires US government agencies to conduct a full public process before undertaking activities outside the United States that might impact the cultural and natural resources of other nations.
Among the many books in our temporary house I found L Cockayne's New Zealand plants and their story. It's the 4th edition (1967), but it still has the flavour of the 1st edition (1907). This passage, from the chapter about the vegetation of the high mountains, made me wonder: Had I really seen sheep on those mountainsides — or something else?
At a time where most third world countries are trying to hit the eight- lane highway of "automobilisation," Cuba is presently undergoing a real revolution in the field of sustainable and efficient transport. For an island which had virtually no cyclist culture until 1990, bicycling is rapidly becoming a central tool of transport….


text:
Religion | April 2, 2015
10 Bizarre Snapshots From The World Of Scientology
Debra Kelly
Scientology is one of those weird things that's pretty impossible to explain. It's got all the signs of a cult, but it's absolutely massive, inspiring unwavering loyalty in some, a baffled sort of disbelief from others, and horror from those that have managed to defect from the Church. Even with the recent HBO documentary, there are just as many questions left as there are answers. For those of us on the outside looking in, there are some pretty unsettling things in there.
10 Shelly Miscavige
There are a lot of things that sort of happen around Scientology and then get brushed under the carpet, like the fate of Church leader David Miscavige's wife, Shelly. While he was "Chairman of the Board," Shelly was officially his assistant. She disappeared in 2006, was seen once, briefly, at her father's funeral in 2007 and hasn't been seen or heard from since.
The Church is notorious for the unwavering devotion that it demands from its members, so it's not surprising that her disappearance wasn't officially reported until 2013, after Leah Remini defected and filed the report. Several years earlier, she was told not to ask about it when the topic came up in conversation at the wedding of one of the Church's most notorious couples: Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes.
Defectors from the Church are slowly helping to put together a pretty graphic picture of what's been going on in the time leading up to her disappearance. David Miscavige has been described as nothing less than an absolute tyrant—irrational, demanding, impossible to please, and not above barbaric punishments for any slight, real or imagined. He and Shelly were at the head of the elite inner circle, called the Sea Organization, and as such, they were responsible for pretty much everything. According to one woman who worked closely with Shelly, she finally crossed him when he was out of town, and she took it upon herself to cross several things off his to-do list (like creating a job chart), without his knowledge or approval. She disappeared shortly after, reportedly having become a non-person, also known as a "Suppressive Person" (SP).
Piece by piece, more and more information began to come out, mostly from members that have successfully escaped the Church. According to Steve Hall, formerly responsible for writing most of their marketing materials, Shelly is most likely in a remote, unsettling forest retreat called the Church of Spiritual Technology (CST). Whether or not she's there voluntarily is pure speculation. Hall suggests that her life sentence at the CST might not be entirely involuntary, and she may simply be suffering from Stockholm Syndrome—something which he's had personal experience with. Later in 2013, the Los Angeles Police Department canceled Shelly's missing persons case after apparently meeting with her.
9 Sea Organization
Photo credit: Sinar Parman
David and Shelly Miscavige were at the head of the Sea Organization, or Sea Org. According to the official description, the Sea Organization is made up of the most dedicated Church members, who live communally and dedicate their lives to the Church's advanced ministry services, including a drug education program and human rights education. Their logo is two fronds surrounding a star, based on what was supposedly once the Galactic Confederacy logo.
That doesn't sound so bad, right? Well . . . not entirely, according to those that used to be in it.
Tracy Ekstrand is one of the many people that are coming forward with their stories about the inner circle of Sea Org, which requires signing a billion-year contract to get in; it's a commitment you're not just making for your current life but for all of your upcoming lives. Ekstrand joined the Church in 1967, when she, then a high school dropout, found the support that she didn't have anywhere else.
Sea Org is likened to the US Marines when it comes to lifestyle and discipline. All the basic necessities of life are provided to you, but in return, you'd better be prepared to survive on rice and beans, give up on the "distraction" of family, and do absolutely everything you're told.
Paul Haggis, director and screenwriter (for films like Million Dollar Baby), was one of the earliest recruits of Scientology. However, he fell out after his discovery of countless human rights violations, including their very public support of California's notorious Proposition 8. He was also a Sea Org member from the beginning. Haggis recounts being on a ship with Hubbard when Hubbard was looking for not only an escape from distractions, but for treasure that he'd buried in the Mediterranean in a past life. The organization morphed into a hive of physical and emotional abuse, all designed to keep people there. Many of the recruits are children, who give up their right to formal education when they sign their billion-year contract—which leaves them with few options when they're adults.
Those that try to escape are often taken to reeducation camps, for "failing to fulfill their ecclesiastical responsibilities." Camps have names like "Happy Valley," but they're anything but, if the guards are any hint. There are plenty of other claims, too, all of which are refuted by the Church. Former members say they were forced to have abortions, conforming with the policy of limiting children. Then there's the question of money, with the upper echelons owning fleets of cars, boats, and motorcycles, while hundreds of other members make pennies a day.
When Ekstrand was asked how she could have believed such insanity, she likened it to believing it's something like the Peace Corps, and that what you're doing does matter and will, in the end, make the world a better place.
8 The Hole
When the elite of Scientology and Sea Org get in trouble, they go to The Hole.
John Brousseau, one-time driver for L. Ron Hubbard, handler for the Tom Cruise household, and Scientology defector, gave an insider's look at the devolving state of the Church's elite prison. According to Brousseau, The Hole started out as a building where, at first, 50 Sea Org members were confined as punishment, sent there by David Miscavige for an unspecified offense. His testimony isn't alone, either, as there are plenty of others that support what he says about it. They should know; they've spent time there.
Debbie Cook was dragged off to The Hole by guards, even as she talked to Miscavige on the phone. When he heard what was happening, he simply said "Goodbye." Inmates slept on the floor of a bug-infested building, ate mystery slop from a vat delivered by golf cart, were subjected to bizarre punishments like being forced to stand in a garbage can and being doused with water, scrubbed toilets with toothbrushes, and even paid the organization's bills. Her confinement was seven weeks, but it's been reported that some people have been there for years.
A 2009 expose changed conditions in The Hole, but not much. Those confined there were forced into a regular schedule of half-hour meals, working, sleeping, and confinement to locked rooms with barred windows and doors.
7 The Church of Spiritual Technology
Photo credit: Angry Gay Pope
The CST is one of a couple of Scientology's top secret buildings, thought to be where Shelly Miscavige is being, for lack of a better term, held. The stronghold is just outside of San Bernadino, California, and even from the outside, it's pretty unsettling. The grounds are covered with security cameras and a number of satellite dishes—including a weirdly huge one and only one of the type used for satellite television. There are guard houses and huge tanks holding propane and diesel fuel, and the whole thing is surrounded by a massive fence.
In itself, the fence might not be a strange thing, but the deadly looking spikes are on the inside. (In other parts of the compound and at other Church-owned buildings, the spikes are on both sides as pictured above.)
Like a lot of the information we have about the inner workings of Scientology, what we know about CST comes from a former executive. Dylan Gill, former member of Sea Org, was once involved with the building of CST after being in Scientology from the time he was 11 years old. By the time he was 19, he was overseeing the construction of the complex's vaults.
The vaults of CST have a few different purposes. They're supposed to be able to withstand a nuclear attack, so their contents, titanium plates etched with Hubbard's works, will survive World War III and could be used to help rebuild society. It was also designed to be able to support a staff, including things like dry cleaners and heated pathways, and the vaults also held everything that a new society would need to be able to read the library of stored electronic documents.
It sounds ambitious, but logical enough. But then there's also the huge CST logo carved into the ground near the vault, and there's a logical reason for that, too. That's to show Hubbard's spirit where to go to be reborn, so he can be raised again into the Scientology fold. That logo is at a number of other sites, too, which were designed to be manned by a single caretaker, who would keep an eye out in case Hubbard's wandering spirit turns up.
6 The Tone Scale
According to the official Scientology doctrine, part of being successful in life is knowing how to read and react to other people. Because apparently most people can't tell how to react when someone is grieving, the tone scale was developed as a handy way to learn what emotion is connected with the outward appearance of a person. It also tells you what you should do when faced with said emotion.
The Tone Scale runs from 40 to -40, with 1.1 being perhaps the most notorious designation. Being 1.1 was associated with "Covert Hostility," smiling on the outside and plotting on the inside. 1.1s are out to get you and should absolutely not be trusted. Anyone who disbelieves the teaching of Scientology is a 1.1—and so is anyone who's gay.
The so-called process of "auditing" is the process by which someone moves up the Tone Scale; the higher you are on it, the better off you are. That goes for sexual orientation, too, as someone who's gay can only move up in the Tone Scale if they deal with and get rid of those feelings that are keeping them there. The goal is a 40, also defined as "Serenity of Beingness."
5 Scientology's Soundtrack
Just in case there's anyone out there that doubts Scientology is a real religion because it seems to be a bit lacking in the psalms and hymns department, they have you covered there, too.
In 1986, L. Ron was having some minor difficulties with the law, disappearing to the point where his own family was saying that he was most likely dead. But, rather than telling his followers and fans that he was hiding from a few law enforcement agencies, he said he was secluding himself away for the creation of a few more masterpieces—including Battlefield Earth and its soundtrack, Space Jazz.
Anyone who thought Battlefield Earth was a little bizarre will find the album version of it even stranger, but the real soundtrack to Scientology is a long-overlooked album called The Road to Freedom, written and performed by "L. Ron Hubbard & Friends." Those friends include John Travolta and Frank Stallone. Hubbard himself even sings a tune or two, and it's even weirder than it sounds.
The album originally came with a glossary that defined Scientology-specific terminology, but even without the glossary, it's definitely got a brainwashy type of vibe coupled with a 1980s pop-rock feel. There are lines like, "Take the route of auditing and once again be free," while Hubbard himself sings, "I do not sing what I believe, / I only give them fact, / If they believe quite otherwise, / It will still have impact."
4 Super Power Rundown
Part of the Scientology doctrine is that we don't just have five senses, we have 57 of them, and opening ourselves to all of those senses is the ideal. That involves going through the Super Power Rundown, and it's a pretty expensive process.
It's estimated that the cost of going through the process, including the checks, pre-checks, and prep work that has to be undertaken before the actual final stage ends up costing tens of thousands of dollars, and it can take months.
According to Dan Koon, former member of Sea Org and one of the men who had access to an original Hubbard document written in the 1970s, it was all based on concerning yourself with your present life. Since all humans are made up of the spirits of all the others we've been before us, when our minds wander, they're actually being distracted by something that happened to one of our other selves. Grounding ourselves in the present self opens up our superpowers.
The process begins with a "sec check," where the person is asked to admit any ethical wrongdoing that might be damaging their moral being—it can be anything as minor as yelling when it's not warranted. This pre-check process can take months, but once the person passes, they're sat down with an E-meter. While holding the "sensors" of the meter, they're asked, over and over and over again, "Where would you be safe?" The person answers, over and over and over again, until they give an answer that the E-meter interprets as being applicable to the "present self."
And that's it. Apparently, it's supposed to ground the person in their present life and rid them of the distractions of the past life, but according to Koon, what it really rids them of is thousands and thousands of dollars.
3 The Super Power Building
Photo credit: Michael
In 2013, about 5,000 people (half of the expected turnout) headed to Clearwater, Florida for the grand opening of Flag Mecca. The $145 million, 35,000-square-meter (377,000 ft2) center has been 15 years in the making and promises to provide loyal Scientologists with everything that they need to be everything that they can be. The grand opening, which was attended by all the big names you'd expect to see and not the newspapers and media outlets that were denied tours, was led by the notorious David Miscavige. While onlookers and non-Scientology people were blocked from getting close, planning documents spoke volumes about what was inside.
There's a series of entry-level auditing rooms, along with an indoor track where people run until they reach enlightenment. There's a sauna for the after-run "purif" (purification rundown), and there's a series of rooms that promise to help you sharpen all those 57 senses unlocked in the Super Power Rundown. There's a smell wall, a taste wall, and a gyroscope where people can test their directional and gravitational abilities.
The building will be the only place that people will be able to go for their Super Power Rundown, and even the most basic services offered there will be running people an average of $1,000 each hour. It's not surprising that multiple lawsuits have been filed against the Church, saying that the building isn't so much a place of spiritual worship, enlightenment, and sensory perception enhancer as it is a financial enhancer for the Church.
One of the strangest rooms: the Office of the Commodore, or L. Ron Hubbard's office. Presumably, that's been included so it'll be waiting for him once his spirit finds its way to one of the giant aerial logos guiding him back to the CST.
2 Narconon
Founder L. Ron Hubbard was, pretty ironically, touted as a humanitarian dedicated to exploring the options for those suffering from the scourge of moral and emotional health: drugs. According to his own website, his program of therapeutic exercises and nutritional supplements have had a 100-percent success rate in keeping habitual drug users from going back to dealing drugs or committing other crimes to fund their lifestyle.
That program was Narconon, which uses a sauna detox as one of its fundamental forms of treatment. It's based on an idea that drug users keep toxins in their bodies on a cellular level, and until those toxins are gone, they're going to keep impacting the way the person thinks and acts, pushing them back into the life of drug use. Saunas, vitamins, and daily exercise help the person sweat out the toxins and set them on the path to recovery.
As if that it's strange enough, Narconon has been involved with a back-and-forth battle with the California public schools. Until 2005, representatives from Narconon were often seen making presentations in schools and spreading their message of not doing drugs. Then the Department of Education got involved and actually did some research on who they were letting in to preach to their kids. When they found out that Narconon couldn't actually back up their claims with any sort of scientific evidence, they were banned on the basis of spreading misinformation. For many teachers, it was that simple: It wasn't true, so they weren't going to support it being taught in schools. Other teachers came forward with the pretty frightening defense that they did think that it was all true, until red flags went up, and they did a little more reading.
California's ban on the presentations hasn't been successful, though, and Narconon has continued to make appearances in schools well after the ruling. In addition to Scientology beliefs about how drugs work, the Narconon curriculum also includes other Church doctrine, like the Tone Scale. According to the program, when someone who has used drugs takes a turn in a Narconon sauna, they won't just be feeling all the toxins leaving their system, but they'll be feeling their IQ go up, too, leaving some wondering just how much recruitment they're doing.
1 The Squirrel Busters
According to the Church, the Squirrel Busters were simply an independent group of filmmakers who were interested in what former Scientologist Marty Rathbun had to say about the religion. Rathbun and his wife tell a very, very different story, though, and it's about a Scientology-sponsored group whose job is to harass those that leave.
For 27 years, Rathbun was a major figure in the world of Scientology, eventually leaving because he could no longer agree with the financial burden that followers were saddled with and because of personal conflicts with David Miscavige. After leaving, he reached out to other defectors and set up a sort of informal support group for those who were getting away from the Church's teachings. His blogs and his website put him back on the Church's radar, and that's when people started showing up at his door.
They rented a house down the street, they staked out his front porch, and they harassed his wife with incredibly sexual questions and inquiries. A "squirrel" is Church jargon for a heretic, making the spirit behind the harassment pretty clear. Rathbun might be incredibly heretical; he still subscribes to a number of the beliefs in Scientology, but practices independent of the Church, and that makes him a target.
After 199 days of constant stalking from the strange group of men with Rathbun-faced squirrels on their T-shirts and cameras strapped to their heads, the Rathbuns took them to court. More shady details started to come out. The Rathbuns found security cameras focused on their house, private investigators had been contacting their acquaintances, and Rathbun's wife even had an anonymously-mailed sex toy show up at her workplace. The Church maintained that everything they did was to protect its secrets and its sanctity, and they were fully within their rights to do so. That's pretty terrifying. The case has not been decided as of the time of this writing.
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After having a number of odd jobs from shed-painter to grave-digger, Debra loves writing about the things no history class will teach. She spends much of her time distracted by her two cattle dogs.
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text:
Q: Give an example of a ring with characteristic 23 but is not a field I know that Z mod 23 would have characteristic 23, but this is a field since 23 is prime. How can I go about solving this? Any help is appreciated, thanks!

A: Hint: consider $\Bbb Z_{23}\times \Bbb Z_{23}$.
You know there is a certain multiplication that makes this a field.  Perhaps you could find some other multiplication operation that is not quite so nice?

A: Ring of polynomes  (Z/23Z)[x^2 - 2*x + 1] as example
x-1 is a zero divizor


Welcome to the Institute of Medical Illustrators, bringing medical creatives together. The Institute's members are highly specialised and skilled contributing to the care of patients and teaching of medicine and allied health subjects. If you're considering a career in medical illustration or to advance your career and CPD, this is your personal knowledge hub.
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We run an annual conference that provides opportunities for learning and networking and this hosts our annual exhibition of awards. We also have a peer reviewed journal and an active social media presence.


text:
Eclectic Performer
Curtiss Cook
THE DISTINCTIVE CHARACTER OF
MULTIDIMENSIONAL ACTOR AND DIRECTOR
Curtiss Cook first caught the bug for acting early in life in his hometown of Dayton, Ohio. Following his passion, he put everything he had into solidifying his future career as an actor. Cook became the first American to receive a full-ride scholarship to London's prestigious Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts. He then moved to New York City and began performing on Broadway, including in productions of "The Lion King" and "Miss Saigon." Despite being a single father of three children, Cook received encouragement and help from his family and was able to audition for television and film jobs. He's now best known for projects including "Arbitrage," "The Interpreter" and "Shutter Island," along with roles in series such as FX's "Mayans M.C.," NBC's "Manifest", Netflix's "House of Cards," "Luke Cage" and "Narcos."
Cook will next be seen in the new "West Side Story" adaptation, bringing to life the new character 'Abe,' a mysterious New York City man who has his hands in everything happening in the streets. Being released in December, the Steven Spielberg film is an adaptation of the 1957 musical. "West Side Story" explores forbidden love and the rivalry between the Jets and the Sharks, two teenage street gangs of different ethnic backgrounds. Other cast members in the star studded film include Ansel Elgort, Rita Moreno, Maddie Ziegler and Corey Stoll, to name a few.
Photographer James Washington
MONARCH: Curtis you are an Ohioan, right? That's a long, long way from Hollywood. What made you think you could become an actor?
CURTISS COOK: I had great public school teachers as well as parents who saw the love I had for performing and natured it to the best of their ability. One teacher, in particular, was my drama teacher Ms. Patricia Copland[BJ1] . She literally told me that if I studied and worked hard the entertainment world would be my oyster. I believed her, and I'm working toward that goal.
MONARCH: What do you consider your big break? How did it happen?
CURTISS COOK: To be honest, I don't know if it has… and really what that means. But in the same breath, I can tell you, the moment I received my scholarship to drama conservatory in London the trajectory of my life changed forever.
MONARCH: Being an actor navigating through Hollywood, appearing in projects with starring African Americans and even fewer African Americans leading things behind the cameras. How did it feel to become involved with Lena Waithe's uber successful series "The Chi" which is made by an African American cast and creatives?
CURTISS COOK: Overwhelmingly grateful, not only for the impressive Black talent and creatives on the show, but also for the beauty we create when we tell the stories of our culture, stories that has been ignored for far too long.
MONARCH: On "The Chi," your character Douda could be described as a predator. Where do you pull from to get into that character, and how do you find your way out of that space?
CURTISS COOK: I don't know if I would call him a predator. I'd say a self-made man who doesn't take "no" for an answer. The getting into character is real, a lot of music is involved, slight meditation at the beginning of my workday and staying as present as possible. Getting out requires alone time until Otis "Douda" Perry is fully purged.
MONARCH: Although you may be most known for your role on "The Chi," your resume is very diverse. Many Black actors get pigeonholed. How have you managed to avoid this?
CURTISS COOK: I don't know. I mean, I take offers as they come and as they speak to me. I try to surround myself with a team that understands the kind of work I'm willing and wanting to do, and I hold them and myself accountable. I've been very fortunate and saying "no" to something has never been a problem I've had.
MONARCH: There seems to be a big push for diversity inside and outside of Hollywood. Do you believe this is the time for Black creatives to thrive?
CURTISS COOK: Yes.
MONARCH: What experience do you hope the audience takes away after watching you perform?
CURTISS COOK: I hope that they are entertained first and foremost, that they have been given the opportunity to escape to wherever the characters take them.
MONARCH: Tell us what's next for the uber-talented Mr. Cook?
CURTISS COOK: Finishing "The Chi" season four and then the premiere of Steven Spielberg's "West Side Story," which I am really excited about.
Movies: Spring 2020
Movies: Fall 2022
Jazz: Summer 2020
Hip Hop: Fall 2022


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An Internet service provider (ISP) is a type of company that provides the capability to access the internet. There are different forms of Internet service provider or ISP such as commercial, community-owned and privately owned. It is necessary to carefully choose the type of Internet service that these companies offer. There are many ways from which you can connect to the internet but it depends whether it is available in your area. At present, most ISP's use dial-up or DSL, cable television line or satellite connection to connect to the internet. la carta con el hotel que nos asignaron, pasamos de nuevo por inmigración y un bus nos llevó al Intercontinental Hotel, uno de los hoteles más lujosos de Kenia dónde dormir cuesta la friolera de 200$ O_O!
Similar to como pagar un ticket de transito por internet, Have you ever asked the question; what exactly is the internet? Most of you already know how to use the internet, but cannot really explain how it works. What Exactly is The Internet?
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Preguntas frecuentes sobre la Ventanilla Unica: * Por este conducto nos permitimos hacerles llegar una presentacion en Power Point que contiene las preguntas frecuentes de ventanilla unica del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad (SENASICA), haga click aqui para descargar el archivo.. As you see widespread threats to your computer's data security, Internet security probably hits the top score in your list. You surely want to enjoy online freedom in order to collaborate, communicate and browse the web, but it might protect your sensitive data against risk. Thus, while you use the internet, you need to maintain balance and ensure security by controlling the real Internet security threats. This article talks about the new age internet security issues and how Vipre Internet Security can help you in conquering those challenges.


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Shadow of Intent is an American progressive deathcore band based primarily in Milford, Connecticut. The band was formed in 2014 as an internet-based project between vocalist Ben Duerr and instrumentalist Chris Wiseman. They released their first EP called "Inferi Sententia" on July 18, 2014 and continued writing more music for the album that would be called "Primordial". The band currently consists of Ben Duerr (vocals), Chris Wiseman (Guitar, Synth), Bryce Butler (Drums), and Andrew Monias (Bass). Read more on Last.fm …read full bio
Shadow of Intent is an American progressive deathcore band based primarily in Milford, Connecticut. The band was formed in 2014 as an internet-based project between vocalist Ben Duerr and instrumentalist Chris Wiseman. They released their first EP called "Inferi Sententia" on July 18, 2014 and continued writing more music for the album that would be called "Primordial". The band currently consists of Ben Duerr (vocals), Chris Wiseman (Guitar, Synth), Bryce Butler (Drums), and Andrew Monias (Bass). In 2015 the band started releasing more songs and followed up with full length album "Primordial" on January 10, 2016 which rapidly started gaining traction on the internet. Over the next year the album "Reclaimer" was written and the lineup changed gears adding live members to perform in the music videos and eventually live shows. The second studio album "Reclaimer" was released independently in 2017, selling 1,300 copies in its first week, and to this day has amassed over a million streams. In October the band announced its debut performance in December which would sell out the Webster Underground in Hartford, CT. Shortly after, the band was recruited by JJ Cassiere of the booking agency 33 and West. He started putting the band on national tours with metal acts such as The Black Dahlia Murder, Whitechapel, Carnifex, Oceano and Fleshgod Apocalypse. Read more on Last.fm. User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License; additional terms may apply.
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CSR initiative: Foreign investors lead with Rs16bn investment
Recorder Report Updated 14 Jan 2021
KARACHI: The members of Overseas Investors Chamber of Commerce and Industry (OICCI) invested Rs 16 billion in different CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities and for containment of the negative impact of coronavirus.
In addition to monetary contributions the CSR activities of OICCI members included investment of their employees' time in different value adding social activities across Pakistan with the underlying commitment to uplift the underprivileged strata of the society and support them during this most challenging time in recent memory brought about by the advent of the Corona pandemic.
About 100 of the leading foreign investors, members of the OICCI, actively participated in support of the GOP's effort to fight the pandemic of COVID-19, without stepping back from their continuing commitment to CSR activities which benefit the marginalized communities across the country.
Haroon Rashid, President OICCI applauded "OICCI members who have been leading the contribution towards CSR initiatives and are recognized as a role model to motivate other businesses and affluent individuals.
"Over the last few years, there has been a noticeable enhancement in the sustainability and CSR initiatives by the OICCI members through a proactive engagement between business and all stakeholders in society. OICCI members have adopted the best CSR and Sustainability practices, largely in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) to meet the growing needs of the society," Haroon added.
The annual Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report 2019-20 brings out the essence of the CSR activities of about half of OICCI members who during 2019-20, collectively, invested about PKR 8 billion on CSR related activities, excluding those on COVID-19 mentioned above, and reached out to around 62 million direct beneficiaries throughout Pakistan. OICCI members and their employees spent around 1.5 million man-hours and partnered with 160 social and development sector organizations in fulfilling their unique CSR programs. The reach of the CSR activities touched all provinces and the geographic distribution was 29 percent in Sindh, 26 percent in Punjab, 14 percent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 12 percent in Balochistan, 6 percent in FATA, and 8 percent each in Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir.
In terms of specific UN SDGs, 79 percent of the OICCI members focused on (i) Health and Well-Being and (ii) Quality Education, especially new primary and secondary school facilities and vocational training programs for skills development. Many of the members also actively supported health and nutrition related initiatives through donations to reputable hospitals, medical care camps and health awareness campaigns.
OICCI in a statement highlighted that the March 2020 pandemic challenge to OICCI members, and their stakeholders, was enormous and is still continuing. However, due to international outreach of OICCI members, they led from the front and shared the best practices for protecting the health and wellbeing of their employees, business partners and other stakeholders. None of the OICCI members laid off their workers due to slow down in the business activity at the outbreak of the pandemic. Most of the OICCI members positively responded to the Government of Pakistan's call for support in containing the spread of the pandemic, protecting the health and supporting economic needs of the underprivileged populace in the face of COVID-19 immediate challenge, and contributed about PKR 7.8 billion to various pandemic focused containment causes.
It is pertinent to mention that 63 percent of the members were focused on Gender Equality in support of 'OICCI Women' initiative which is gaining momentum since its launch in 2017. "We believe the OICCI Women initiative could become a motivating factor for other businesses in Pakistan to raise the level of women participation, thereby contributing towards a rapid economic growth of the country," M. Abdul Aleem, Secretary General OICCI commented.
OICCI Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report 2019-20 released yesterday gives details of the contributions of the member companies, working across the country, in a number of diverse social sectors. OICCI is the collective body of top 200 foreign investors in Pakistan, belonging to 35 countries, who are also the largest contributor to the economy of Pakistan besides being the largest foreign investors.
Copyright Business Recorder, 2021
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Comments are closed on this story.


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Q: Age + "years old" If I say "She is seventeen", is it as correct as "She is seventeen year old"?
I know it's correct, because it's used, but are both as correct or the first one is only tolerated?
When did this structure appeared in English? Relatively recently?
I guess y.o is only an abbreviation, and won't be considered as correct.

A: In general with times and ages, if a number clearly indicates what it is counting, it is not necessary to include that information.
If I say she was just seventeen, you know what I mean (from "I saw her standing there" by The Beatles) it is very clear I mean her age, in years. It is unlike I mean her weight in kilo's or stones or her height in meters or feet.
In the same way, you can leave out "o'clock" and the likes when you say I got up at three this morning. Obviously that means oh-three-hundred hours, 03:00h AM or three o'clock in the morning.

A: "She is seventeen" and "She is seventeen years old" are both equivalent ways of saying that she is seventeen years of age - note the "s" after years. In regards the first expression, the fact that it refers to age is implied and commonly accepted.
I would not say that that the first one is merely "tolerated" - that's a bit of a strange word to use there. I would say that it is more informal than the second one.
I don't know when this structure - assuming you mean the first - appeared, but it is definitely still used today, if that's your concern.
y.o. is definitely an abbreviation, and one that I have never seen or heard before, until I read your question. So, it's not something used by native speakers.


In 2013, 43% of marketers reported gaining a new customer due to their business blog. However, a large amount of businesses state their blogs aren't worth the time investment. One must wonder how this can be, since business blogs have been proven to improve conversion rates, strengthen brands, and stimulate customer growth.
As it turns out, the same businesses who reported less-than-satisfactory results from their blogs are the same businesses who admitted their blog content mainly consisted of topics pertaining to their own products and services.
To those businesses, take the advice of online marketing strategist David Meerman Scott: "Stop talking about your products and services. People don't care about products and services; they care about themselves." Let it be known – the people that read your business blog are not reading it for product information. They are reading it for their own personal interest in topics that they deem relevant and valuable. In order to expect customers to read your blog, you need to first give them adequate reasons to.
One of the best ways to increase your blog audience is to become your readers' trustworthy source for valuable tips and do-it-yourself instructions. For example, rather than blogging about their discounted tile prices, a hardware company would be better off blogging about the easiest steps to re-tiling a bathroom floor. By taking the focus off of your actual business, you will draw even more interested readers back to your site while at the same time increasing their chances of becoming customers.
Not only is it important to maintain customers' interest in your blog topics, but it is also vital for other bloggers to grow to rely on and trust your content. As they realize your ability to become an essential, helpful resource, they will begin to link your blog to a variety of different sites, which will ultimately positively influence your search engine rankings.
Turn your business blog into a renowned success among your customers by always keeping their interests and needs in mind.


The British consul assigned to Jerusalem in 1845, James Finn, was sympathetic to the plight of the local Jews, as well as to the local Arabic-speaking Christians, dhimmis like the Jews. Finn and his wife Elizabeth both wrote accounts of Jerusalem while they were living there [1845-1862] which are invaluable for information on the everyday life of the Holy City in those years.
At that time Britain policy was to protect the local Jews against the tyranny of the Ottoman central government and the local Muslim leadership, unlike today when British policy is fanatically anti-Israel and Judeophobic. The UK founded a hospital in Jerusalem in 1838 which had hardly disguised missionary motivations. The consulate came a year later, the first consul being named Young. British and French influence was strengthened in the Ottoman Empire generally and in Jerusalem in particular after the Crimean War, which France and Britain had fought in order to protect the Ottoman Empire from Russia. The Sultan issued a decree in 1856 [the Hatti Humayun] to increase the rights of dhimmis and relieve them of some of the burdens of the dhimma. However, the Muslim population of the Empire generally resented these alleviations of dhimmitude, which indeed reduced their own prerogatives to exploit, harass, humiliate, and oppress the dhimmis, as members of the superior class of Muslims under Muslim law, previously supreme in the Sultan's empire. Indeed, the status of the Christians in various parts of the Empire became more precarious in the wake of the 1856 decree, due to the often increased and intense Muslim resentment. Curiously, some of the Christians, particularly of the Greek Orthodox Church, with the greater freedom that they now had, increased their hostile acts against Jews. Attacking the Muslims in any way was obviously out of bounds for them, and they would never dare to do that.
In times gone by these naive Jews had their full share of suffering from the general tyrannical conduct of the Moslems and, having no resources for maintenance in the Holy Land, they were sustained, though barely, by contributions from synagogues all over the world. This mode of supply being understood by the Moslems, they were subjected to exactions and plunder on its account from generation to generation (individuals among them, however, holding occasionally lucrative offices for a time). This oppression proved one of the causes which have entailed on the community a frightful incubus of debts [to Muslim moneylenders], the payment of interest on which is a heavy charge upon the income derived from abroad.
Until the English Consulate was established in Jerusalem , there was, of course, no other jurisprudence in the country than that of the old-fashioned corruption and self-will of the Mohammedans, and for many ages but a very few (often none) of the European Jews ventured to make an abode in Palestine [the Land of Israel]. . .
In 1847 it seemed probably that the Christian pilgrims, instigated by the Greek ecclesiastics, were about to reproduce the horrors enacted at Rhodes and Damascus in 1840 [against the Jews-BY].
A Greek pilgrim boy, in a retired street, had thrown a stone at a poor little Jewish boy, and, strange to say, the latter had the courage to retaliate by throwing one in return, which unfortunately hit its mark, and a bleeding ankle was the consequence. It being the season of the year when Jerusalem is always thronged with pilgrims (March), a tumult soon arose, and the direst vengeance was denounced against all Jews indiscriminately, for having stabbed (as they said) an innocent Christian child, with a knife, in order to get his blood, for mixing in their Passover biscuits [= matsot]. The police came up and both parties were taken down to the Seraglio for judgement; there the case was at once discharged as too trivial for notice.
These excerpts from Finn's account are taken from Bat Ye'or's book The Dhimmi. Notes by her are marked BY.
Note that the four synagogues in one building can now be visited in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City. They are now usually called the Four Sefardi Synagogues. There was also an Ashkenazic synagogue in his time which Finn does not mention. This synagogue, Menahem Tsiyon, was built in 1837. It became a wing of what was later called the Hurva synagogue, a splendid structure before being destroyed by the Arab Legion in 1948 during the battle for the Jewish Quarter.
Regrettably, Finn used the name "Palestine" for the country. This was NOT a name used by the Muslims in any form for the country. That means that neither was the form Filastin in use. Filastin had been the official Arab name before the Crusades for only the southern part of the country, which the Romans/Byzantines had called Palaestina Prima, one of the three divisions of "Palaestina." Filastin was in use only before the Crusades, but not used by Mamluk or Ottoman rulers afterwards. The Ottoman Empire did not have a territorial division of any name that followed --even roughly-- the boundaries of what later became the Palestine Mandate in 1920, when the San Remo Conference created the territory of Palestine at the same time as it juridically erected the geographically congruent Jewish National Home. The Arabs/Muslims considered the country to be an indistinct part of Bilad ash-Sham [Syria or Greater Syria]. Nevertheless, the name Palestine was part of the Western historical memory and used by Westerners, along with other names such as Holy Land, Judea, etc. The Roman Empire officially called the Land of Israel "Judea" until suppression of the Bar Kokhba Revolt in 135 CE, when they changed that name to "Syria Palaestina" as a punishment for the Jews.
Coming: more from James Finn on Jews in Jerusalem, poems of Zion, etc.
I can't keep up daily. I cheat myself. If you publish these works as books or even as manusripts on the Internet I will sit and read front to back and until I digest what you have. I like your work, and I wish you had the audience you deserve. Others will agree when they get a chance to see it.