Thanks to all who attended AMN8. We hope you had a great time in Queenstown and we hope to see you again at AMN9 in 2019!
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Please note that February is the busiest month of the year for Queenstown tourism. Accommodation at this time of year will be in high demand due to the large number of tourists in town including those visiting for Chinese New Year. Accommodation will sell out fast! We strongly advise that you book your accommodation early. If you are not in a position to register now but want to secure your accommodation now, please use our accommodation booking form.
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Attendance at the Conference Dinner on Wednesday evening including a return ride on the Gondola to the Skyline restaurant.
We understand that circumstances can change. At any point prior to the event you are welcome to contact us in writing to nominate a substitute delegate at no extra charge. Cancellations received by 12 August will not incur a cancellation fee; cancellations received between 13th August and 12th December will incur a $100 service fee. No refunds will be issued on or after the 13th December 2016. Non-payment does not constitute cancellation.
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The conference organisers reserve the right to change activities, topics and presenters where necessary. The organisers shall not be liable for any loss caused by the cancellation of the conference where such cancellation is due to Force Majeure. The term "Force Majeure" means any circumstance beyond the reasonable control of the organisers including but not limited to War, hostilities (whether war be declared or not), terrorism, aircraft hijacking, military operation, riot, civil war, rebellion, civil commotion or unrest, natural disasters, Acts or Regulations of government, refusal to grant visas, explosions, transport delays, transport difficulties and the insolvency of airline carriers. The organisers will use all reasonable efforts to conduct the conference despite the intervention or occurrence of any such cause. Attendees are advised that photographs and videos may be taken during the conference and reproduced for promotional purposes.


text:
What a coalition featuring the DUP might mean for LGBT Britons
Photo courtesy of the Open University.
Tonight, BBC News broadcast the Northern Ireland leaders' debate from Belfast, the last of the general election debates ahead of Thursday's vote. Though mostly ignored in the national campaigns — in large part because none of the major parties have a heavy presence there — Northern Ireland could yet play a deciding factor in who will soon occupy Number 10.
Northern Ireland is unique in the United Kingdom. Marked by years of sectarian violence between unionists who wished to remain in the UK and nationalists who wished to join the Republic of Ireland, it is still a country struggling to reconcile its past with its future. But what really struck my interest was the fact that, perhaps for the first time in the entire election, LGBT rights took centre stage.
Equal marriage arrived in England and Wales early last year; it followed in Scotland shortly thereafter. Even the Republic looks like it may vote for equal marriage later this month. But Northern Ireland, deeply traditional and conservative, has held out. In April, the Northern Ireland Assembly rejected equal marriage for a fourth time. This follows the controversy surrounding the Ashers Bakery, which is currently in court fighting charges it discriminated against an LGBT group by refusing to bake a cake supporting gay marriage. And just last week the DUP's health minister resigned after saying that gay parents were more likely to abuse and neglect their children than straight parents.
The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) is the largest Northern Irish party in the Westminster parliament. As the right-wing website Brietbart UK reported, it is likely to have 9 seats in the next parliament which could prove deeply important to a possible Tory minority government. It is an extremely socially conservative party, though with a strong contingent of pro-labour sentiment. Sinn Féin — the Irish nationalist party — tends to be more left-wing, but has long refused to take the seats they are elected to, believing the Westminster government to be illegitimate in Northern Ireland. The other party supportive of equal marriage, the Alliance Party, has one MP who may well lose her seat on Thursday.
This is all idle speculation, and there is no guarantee that the DUP will even play a significant, or indeed any, role in any coalition. To my knowledge, none of the major party leaders have publicly entertained the idea. Plus, as the Christian Science Monitor put it, "Northern Ireland may simply be too distant from Westminster thinking for either Labour or the Tories to find common ground" with the party. But in an election that's been defined by the rising profiles of a right-wing populist party (the United Kingdom Independence Party, or UKIP) and of nationalist parties such as the Scottish National Party and Wales' Plaid Cymru, it's also easy to imagine the appeal to Miliband and especially Cameron of aligning with a populist, pro-union contingent from outside England.
So if Northern Ireland is to play kingmaker, it's likely to be the result of MPs antagonistic, or at least antipathetic, to LGBT rights. It's not a stretch, given the tensions over the issue in Belfast, that one of the DUP's "red lines" (as the press has taken to calling non-negotiable policy positions in potential coalition negotiations) might be no further advances in LGBT equality. That could mean up to and including halting any efforts to tackle homophobic bullying in schools. This has been a pet project of the Tories' education secretary, Nicky Morgan who, it's worth noting, voted against equal marriage. UKIP, with its reputation and record, are unlikely to cringe at the DUP's positions. And the majority of Tory backbenchers did vote against equal marriage. In that context, a grand coalition of the right including the DUP, and their anti-gay policies, becomes more imaginable.
What that might mean for people remains to be seen. But judging by what's happening in Northern Ireland, if the DUP is allowed to hold any of the balance of power in Westminster, it won't be good for the LGBT community. It's something few have entertained, but in an election where anything is possible, it's one activists, and indeed the country, should consider as they tick that box on Thursday.
This entry was posted in Commentary, Politics and tagged british politics, ge2015, lgbt rights, northern ireland on May 5, 2015 by skylarjordan.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This dynamic business and commercial district is a fascinating place to visit after sunset. Lined with shops and stalls selling a large variety of lifestyle products, clothing, DVDs, leather bags, shoes, accessories and food, the pavements are where all the action is. Those in search for a unique experience of Bangkok may find Silom a good place to start.
One of the most happening places in Bangkok, this fascinating shopping bazaar is where Bangkok's next generation of trendsetters and famous personalities meet. Besides shopping, Siam Square is packed with a range of activities, including dining, theatre going, sightseeing, café hopping and people watching.
A popular tourist attraction, the Erawan shrine houses a statue of Phra Phrom, the Thai representation of the Hindu God of Creation, or Brahma. Well-known for its power to grant nearly every wish, the shrine is frequented by worshippers from all parts of Asia.
Once the residence of Jim Thompson, an American who introduced fine quality Thai silk to the world, today the house is open to the public as a museum of Thai art. The house itself is one of the most complete and elaborate teak houses in the country, and tells fascinating stories about the early silk trade, Thompson's life as a foreigner in Thailand (post WWII era) and Thai architecture.
At the Sathorn intersection, Lumpini Park is where a mix of expats and locals gather every morning for a round of exercise or light jog before getting to work. On weekends, the park comes alive with families and children.
A gateway to exploring Thailand's cultural heritage along the Chao Phraya River, Taksin Pier is the beginning of a river journey that takes you to major tourist attractions like Wat Arun, The Grand Palace and the Royal Barge Museum.
Embassy of Australia are situated on the busy Sathorn Rd, is in the heart of Bangkok's central business district. 3 minutes walk distance to hotel.
Embassy of Malaysia are situated on the busy Sathorn Rd, is in the heart of Bangkok's central business district. 3 minutes walk distance to hotel.


100 sheets of 8 1/2″ x 11″ or 8 1/2" x 14.5" Spirit Thermal Paper per box. Thermal paper works with any normal thermal/stencil copy/fax machine. Consists of four layers per sheet.
We carry REAL authentic Spirit Thermal Paper. Please be wary of counterfeit Spirit Thermal Paper – if the price seems too good to be true, it probably is!


text:
class AddSubtotalToShoppeTransactions < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    rename_column :shoppe_subscriber_transactions, :amount, :total
    add_column :shoppe_subscriber_transactions, :subtotal, :decimal
    add_column :shoppe_subscriber_transactions, :discount_code, :string
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Delivering learning
Vice-Chancellor's introduction
Group Chief Executive's introduction
Like all exam boards in the UK, OCR faced the unexpected challenge in March of the cancellation of summer exams by the Secretary of State for Education, Gavin Williamson. OCR responded quickly and innovatively, including developing a new portal for teacher-generated Centre Assessment Grades (CAGs).
It was a similar picture for our international exam board Cambridge International and colleagues successfully collaborated to ensure that the user-friendly portal worked effectively for teachers at OCR centres and Cambridge International ones alike.
Communication with stakeholders has been essential, and both exam boards placed a significant focus from the start of the pandemic on supporting teachers, students, exams officers and assessors during a time of great uncertainty.
Communication with stakeholders has been essential, and we placed a significant focus from the start of the pandemic on supporting teachers, students, exams officers and assessors during a time of great uncertainty.
A great deal of work went into awarding more than a million qualification results, but these were superseded after a matter of days when England's exams regulator, Ofqual, announced that grades would not be lower than the CAGs adopted. Its decision mirrored a similar move in Scotland. In the interest of fairness and consistency, Cambridge International also followed suit, announcing that grades issued for the June 2020 series would not be lower than predicted grades submitted by schools.
OCR delivered 140,000 AS and A Level and more than 250,000 GCSE results to students, to agreed schedules, and also issued results to 37,000 students who took Cambridge Technicals qualifications, and to 120,000 students who took Cambridge Nationals qualifications, which is an increase of around 60 per cent taking Cambridge Nationals on the year before.
Cambridge International also released the results of its June 2020 series on time, to thousands of schools around the world. Altogether more than 950,000 grades were issued, to almost 4,000 schools in 139 countries. Earlier, in May, Cambridge International successfully released the results of its March series in India, enabling students to meet local admission deadlines and continue their education. This series has grown significantly since it was introduced five years ago, with entries up 14 per cent on last year. The exams took place before schools closed, and results were issued on time despite the growing challenges of COVID-19.
OCR acknowledged savings made in qualification delivery this summer and confirmed a rebate of 23 per cent on June 2020 exam entry fees for GCSEs, AS and A Levels, and its other general qualifications. It also gave a rebate of 20 per cent for entry fees for Cambridge Nationals and Cambridge Technicals. Meanwhile, Cambridge International gave its centres a discount on entry fees for the June 2020 series and froze its standard entry fees for the November 2020 exam series at June 2020 rates.
Cambridge International reviews its syllabuses on a regular basis so that the content is up to date, the assessments are appropriate and that they remain highly regarded by universities and employers. To that end, a range of Cambridge IGCSE, O Level and International AS & A Level syllabuses were updated for first examination in 2021. A new Cambridge International AS & A Level Drama qualification was also launched, for first examination in 2021, to give students a pathway from Cambridge IGCSE.
Meanwhile, OCR updated its leading GCSE (9–1) Computer Science qualification. Following a consultation, Ofqual had announced that all awarding organisations that offer GCSE (9–1) Computer Science needed to assess practical programming skills via an external examination from 2022. The new qualification now meets that requirement, and OCR supported teachers by offering free professional development until first teaching began.
Star students from the UK's West Midlands region received £3,000 bursaries from OCR to support their studies at the University of Cambridge.
In September Cambridge International extended its Cambridge Primary and Lower Secondary programmes with the addition of four new subjects: Art & Design, Digital Literacy, Music and Physical Education. The subjects aim to give schools a broad and balanced curriculum as well as more opportunities to develop the Cambridge learner attributes of being confident, responsible, reflective, innovative and engaged. The broadening of the curricula is part of an ongoing project to redevelop Cambridge Primary and Lower Secondary, following consultation with schools worldwide.
Also with the aim of broadening its offer to schools, Cambridge International further extended its partnership with the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award this year. In September, HRH the Earl of Wessex joined the Cambridge International team in Kuala Lumpur to announce an exclusive package of support for Cambridge schools in Malaysia when they begin offering the Award.
In November 2019 Cambridge International welcomed a report from the Department for Education (DfE) confirming that Cambridge IGCSE is the same standard as GCSEs in England. The DfE confirmation came at the end of an in-depth statistical analysis that it carried out across more than 20 subjects. Nick Gibb MP, the Minister for School Standards, told the House of Commons that the DfE "found no evidence of systematic differences in standard between Cambridge's IGCSEs and GCSEs".
Following an extensive consultation in the UK and internationally, Cambridge International announced plans in November to withdraw its Cambridge Pre-U qualification. The last examination will be in June 2023, with a resit available in June 2024. Cambridge International is providing full support to schools in transitioning to alternative curricula within Cambridge International.
Similarly, OCR also took the difficult decision to withdraw from English and Maths Functional Skills, as it did not believe it was able to provide a service that best suits that area of teaching and learning. It will withdraw from providing English and Maths Functional Skills qualifications at Entry Level, Level 1 and Level 2 at the end of 2020 but will continue to support centres offering the qualifications to make alternative plans for 2021 onwards.
Once again, 13 star students from the UK's West Midlands region received bursaries worth £3,000 per year in 2019 from OCR to support their studies at the University of Cambridge. The support is possible thanks to a fund arising from OCR's historical association with the West Midlands Examination Board. Apart from their achievement in winning places at the University, many of the 13 winners have supported other students in their schools and carried out voluntary work in their local communities.
Contact our press and Public Affairs office
Email: public.affairs@cambridgeassessment.org.uk
Our newsletter gives you a snapshot of the work we have carried out recently.
Download the latest issue


Watch Free-to-Air digital TV or listen to Free-to-Air digital radio at home or while travelling.
Watch Free-to-Air digital TV or listen to Free-to-Air digital radio, wherever you are, either at home, on holiday or business trip. With this solution, you can easily turn your PC, notebook or netbook into a digital TV. The USB DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial) receiver is compatible with all Free-to-Air TV and radio channels. High quality TV can be watched in full screen or can be scheduled to record.


text:
Arnould de Vuez (* 10. März 1642 in Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais); † 3. April 1724 in Saint-André-lez-Lille) war ein französischer Maler.

Leben
Arnould de Vuez war der Älteste von zehn Geschwistern und sein Vater, der in Verona geboren wurde und eigentlich Metallkunstdrechsler war, diente als Soldat. Arnould verließ 1657 seinen Geburtsort in Richtung Paris, um seine Maltechnik im Atelier von Luc, einem Franziskaner-Mönch, zu perfektionieren. Dann zog er zu seinem Onkel, einem Kanoniker nach Venedig und später nach Rom, wo er 1661 einen ersten Preis für eine seiner Zeichnungen an der Accademia di San Luca erhielt.

Da er in einem Duell seinen Gegner tötete, musste er nach Paris fliehen.
Dort arbeitete Arnould im Atelier von Charles Le Brun am Hof von Ludwig XIV. Die Kirche Notre Dame in Paris beauftragte Arnould mit dem Bild "Der ungläubige Thomas", das sich seit der Französischen Revolution in der Kathedrale Saint-Jean de Lyon befindet. Etwa ein Jahr (in den 1670er Jahren) hat er sich beim französischen Gesandten Charles Olier de Nointel in Konstantinopel aufgehalten, kehrte danach nach Paris zurück.

Nach Le Bruns Tod 1690 ließ sich de Vuez in Saint-André-lez-Lille nieder, wo er im Jahre 1724 starb. Seit der Eroberung durch Ludwig XIV. wurde die Stadt neu aufgebaut und Arnould de Vuez erhielt Aufträge von religiösen Institutionen in der Stadt und ihrer Umgebung, darunter das Hospiz Comtesse und die Karmeliter in Lille, die Karmeliter in Douai, die Benediktiner in Marchiennes und die Jesuiten in Cambrai.

Sein Stil war stark von der italienischen Renaissance geprägt und dem Farbsinn flämischer Künstler wie Rubens und Anthony van Dyck nachempfunden.

Im Jahr 2018 wurde de Vuez' ca. 3 × 6 m großes Gemälde Marquis de Nointel erreicht Jerusalem, welches de Vuez 1674 gemalt hatte, in gut erhaltenem Zustand hinter der Wand eines Pariser Appartementes während der Umgestaltung zu einer Óscar de la Renta-Boutique entdeckt. Die Vermutung ist, dass es an der Wand festgeklebt und anschließend verdeckt wurde, um es vor den Nationalsozialisten, die im Zweiten Weltkrieg die Stadt Paris von 1940 bis 1944 besetzt hatten und Kunstgegenstände im großen Maßstab enteigneten, zu schützen.

Die Rue de Arnould-de-Vuez in Lille ist nach ihm benannt.

Werke (Auswahl)

 Allegorie auf die Hochzeit von Louis de Bourbon, dauphin de Viennois mit Maria Anna Victoria von Bayern, de Vuez's Akademiewerk
 Maria Verkündigung, Kirche Saint-André, Lille
 Die heilige Zita, (1696), Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lille
 Der ungläubige Thomas, Kathedrale von Lyon
 Die heilige Cäcilia begleitet von drei musizierenden Engeln, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lille
 Anbetung der Hirten, Kirche Saint-Étienne, Lille
 Trauernde Jungfrau Maria, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lille
 Franz von Assisi receiving the stigmata, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lille
 Balduin V. von Hennegau and Margarete I. von Flandern, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Karl der Kühne, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Karitas, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Glauben, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Ursula von Köln|Martyrium der heiligen Ursula, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Jungfrau Maria, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Mariä Aufnahme Himmelfahrt, Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille
 Maria von Burgund, (Frau von Kaiser Maximilian I), Musée de l'Hospice Comtesse, Lille

Ausstellungen
 Lille au XVIIème siècle., 2000, Musée des Beaux Arts de Lille.

Literatur
 J. D. Fiorillo: Geschichte der zeichnenden Künste von ihrer Wiederauflebung bis auf die neuesten Zeiten; Dritter Band. die Geschichte der Malerey in Frankreich enthaltend. J. F. Röwer, Göttingen 1805, S. 285.
 o. A.: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon, oder Kurze Nachricht von dem Leben und den Werken der Maler, Bildhauer, Baumeister, Kupferstecher, Kunstgießer, Stahlschneider u.u., Zweyter Theil, Neunter Abschnitt. Orell, Füßli und Compagnie, Zürich 1816, S. 4055.
 o. A.: Biographie Universelle. Band 49, L.G. Michaud, Paris 1827, S. 590.
 Hector Beaurepaire Piers: Biographie de la ville de Saint-Omer: Avec portraits. J. B. Lemaire, Saint-Omer 1835, S. 93ff.
 Louis Quarré-Reybourbon: Arnould de Vuez, peintre lillois, 1644–1720. Lefebvre-Ducrocq, Lille 1904.
 Laurence Quinchon-Adam: Arnould de Vuez: 1644–1720 sa peinture flamande. 1985.
 Colum Hourihane: The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Band 1, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012, S. 68f.

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Frankreich)
Franzose
Geboren 1642
Gestorben 1724
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


2016: Played in 17 games with 16 starts ... Made collegiate debut and first career start at Penn State Abington (Sept. 1) ... Fourth for the Seahawks with three assists and 18 shots ... Tied for fifth on the team with five points ... Season-best three points (1g, 1a) vs. Bridgewater (Va.) (Sept. 11) ... Season-best four shots at Catholic (Sept. 14).
Huntingtown HS: 2016 graduate ... Played for Brian Martin and Charlie Russel ... First team All-State ... First team All-Met ... Two-time Southern Maryland Athletic Conference Player of the Year (2014 and 2015) ... First team All-SMAC.
Personal: Anoi Harry Hindle ... Born June 19, 1998 in Honolulu ... Son of Mark and Hiroko Hindle.
Future Aspirations: To be voted CAC Player of the Year.
Why St. Mary's?: Great team, good school, good vibe.
Best SMCM Sports Moment: First goal vs. Bridgewater (2016).


This chapter covered two areas of Flash that help enrich your users' experience. Things to keep in mind with both video and sound is that the lower the quality, the lower the file size, and generally the better the performance.
Another thing to note is that you should change and play with the settings on the examples in the chapter to better understand the capabilities that Flash is offering in both sound and video.
The next chapter will take all you have learned so far and show you how to publish so you can begin posting your content on the web.


text:
Q: docker started via shelljs not responding to input in interactive mode I am starting my docker containers via shelljs.
The container has a sh script that is running on startup.
This is behaving as intended when the output of the container is only passive.
But when start the container without startscript and try to give some manual input (like cd dir), the docker interactive shell is not responding to my input.
So my question: is it possible to use shelljs to start a docker container in interactive mode and interact with this container as if i had started it directly from the command line?
here is a example shelljs command i like to run:
exec("docker run -it --name=test user:image", { silent: false });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Shamans Way is a healthy, growing community and we're doing our part in actively promoting it. There's also a very strong, organic word-of-mouth campaign happening out there in shamanic circles and beyond.
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and by Grace I'll carry on..
Hi everyone and Thank God for a new week.. Hope you all had a marvelous weekend. I went to Jacksonville, Florida this weekend to celebrate Ola's aunt's 60th birthday. It was a fun filled weekend and it was exciting to meet more of Ola's family. The day after the party, Ola and I went to Jacksonville beach, walked on the beach, and ate at this cool restaurant (forgot the name) where I had Jerky Mac and Cheese for the first time. It was goooood.
So, first of all, I can't believe I made this dress. It came out exactly how I pictured it. And the length was perfect, like the pattern was made just for me. The cobalt blue guipure lace I used was one of the fabric I purchased when I traveled to Nigeria. The only had a little over 1/2 a yard left and I love the color so I bought it. I knew exactly what I was going to make with it, I was just waiting on the perfect occasion. McCall's "Creat It" pattern allowed me to bring my idea to life, with minor adjustment because I wanted the scalloped edge to show.
Pattern Description: Dresses have princess seams, close-fitting, underlined, lined, boned bodice and semi-fitted skirt variations, and invisible back zipper. Dresses also have circular skirt cut on crosswise grain.
Were the instructions easy to follow? Yes, it was.
What did you particularly like or dislike about the pattern? I like that the pattern gives you the freedom to create your own design. There are 3 bodice variations, a belt, and also 3 variations of skirts.
Pattern alterations or any design changes you made: I didn't make any major changes, I just added the lace my own way because I wanted the scalloped / decorative edges to show. I joined the lace and dress at the zipper seam and tacked it at the side and princess seams.
Would you sew it again? Would you recommend it to others? Definitely, the dress is perfect for wedding (guest) and other formal events, can't wait to make it again in a different style.
Thanks for stopping by.. Enjoy the rest of your week.
Thank you, Rikki! I'm not a fan of the high/version either but I love the other version and the fact that you can make so many different styles with this pattern.
Stunning, love the lace overlay.
Loving the lace on top and how you combined it with the dress. I think I have this pattern somewhere. Now you've got me go digging it out :) . You look lovely in it by the way.
Lol yes, go digging for it. I can't wait to see your creation. Thanks Bike!
Such a stunning dress, I love the colour combination you've used and the lace is amazing!
Well done Yetunde, I am so inspired!
Nevermind....reading is fundamental lol. There women are in my mother asosciation!


As of Sunday, September 16 the storm was downgraded to a tropical depression with a sustained wind speed of 35 mph and moving at 8 mph. The center of the depression is over central South Carolina and moving west, meaning Charlotte is likely to experience much heavier rainfall today and Monday. The National Weather Service issued a Flash Flood Warning for Mecklenburg County but North Carolina has already experienced a record breaking amount of rainfall at 30 inches. Over 18,000 households have lost power and the death toll has increased to at least 14.
As of Saturday, September 15 Hurricane Florence is now considered a tropical storm rather than a hurricane. Maximum sustained winds are 45 mph and moving extremely slowly at about 2 mph. Mecklenburg County recorded a current maximum of 1.8 inches of rainfall but the county is expected to receive 15 inches. 7,415 households have already lost power in Mecklenburg County. Classes and activities are now cancelled through Monday night while the library will remain open this weekend from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. UNC Charlotte Weather reporter Danielle Miller said we could see effects of the storm into Monday.
As of Friday, September 14, Hurricane Florence is a Category 1 after the maximum wind speed decreased to 90 mph. However, the storm is taking a wider path than anticipated. The hurricane made landfall this morning at Wrightsville Beach and almost 500,000 people in North Carolina have already lost power. Duke Energy warned that 1 million to 3 million of its 4 million customers could lose power over the next few days.
Many Charlotte events have been cancelled this weekend and the Mint Museum and Levine Museum of the New South are closed. Charlotte currently has a wind speed of 24 mph with gusts over 30 mph and is now expected to get 10-15 inches of rain. Forecasters warn of an "extreme" risk of flooding on Saturday and Sunday. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools will be closed again on Monday as well as Charlotte city and Mecklenburg County offices.
As of Thursday, September 13 Hurricane Florence has been recategorized as Category 2. However, UNC Charlotte Weather Reporter Danielle Miller said that the category of the storm is not what matters. "The strength has decreased slightly but the power of the impacts that [the hurricane] brings on shore are still the same," she said during a 12 p.m. report. The maximum wind speed decreased to 110 mph but the newest trajectory predicts the storm will come closer to Charlotte. The forecast according to the Washington Post is "Cloudy, breezy summertime weather through Saturday, with showers possible at times. Winds pick up Saturday night into Sunday, gusting up to 30-40 mph, when rain is likely to move in. Rain could continue at times into early next week, with at least 3-6 inches of rain possible, which could cause flooding." The chance of tornadoes caused by thunderstorms will also increase on Sunday. The dorms will remain open but the Student Health Center is closed Thursday and Friday. Students can still call the center to speak with a FoneMed nurse who will offer advice for acute illness and/or injuries. Dining hours have been modified and can be found here.
As of Wednesday, September 12 Hurricane Florence was still a Category 4 and expected to make landfall in North and South Carolina on Friday with wind speeds of 130 miles per hour. According to the National Hurricane Center, Charlotte was expected to receive 4-6 inches of rain. The University extended the cancellation of classes and activities through Sunday evening. An email sent out at 4:10 p.m. also noted that a decision regarding classes on Monday was to be made by Saturday at 5 p.m. The football game vs. Old Dominion at home was moved from Saturday to Thursday and family weekend as been rescheduled to November 16-17. Police and Public Safety will remain open while the University is closed.
As of Monday, September 10 Hurricane Florence is a Category 4. UNC Charlotte sent out an email informing students that there is a normal schedule under effect because the "…area is not expecting significant effects from the storm beyond moderate to heavy rain and some gusty winds." According to the National Hurricane Center, the Charlotte region has a greater than 50 percent chance of experiencing tropical storm-force winds (between 39 and 73 mph) later this week. Eastern Carolina University and NC State have both cancelled classes, ECU beginning Tuesday at noon and NC State beginning Wednesday evening. Dreamville Festival, which was supposed to take place Saturday in Raleigh, has been cancelled and all tickets refunded. Governor Roy Cooper declared a State of Emergency on September 7.


text:
This Surface concept design might revolutionize hybrid devices by 2022
By: Costea Lestoc
▪ October 6, 2017 ▪
Home » News » This Surface concept design might revolutionize hybrid devices by 2022
The Surface line of hybrid devices caught the entire market by surprise when it first came out. Over the years, Microsoft has continued to bring out bigger and better versions of the Surface device, amazing the user base and bringing new fans into the Microsoft family.
While eager fans await news about the latest in the Surface line of devices, but until that happens, they have something else to feast their eyes upon. A determined and obviously passionate designer by the name of Emad Rahimi created a concept design for what he believes Microsoft's Surface line will look like in the year 2022.
So, what is Vision 2022?
Titled Vision 2022, Rahimi's concept of a futuristic Surface device presents an overall picture of things that are not yet available, but don't seem that far away either, a bitter-sweet combination of "what we don't have" and "what we'll have soon enough."
The hybrid device showcased in a series of demonstrative slides presents numerous characteristics of what a powerful and smart gadget would look like in 2022, based on the direction tech is taking in our time, today.
The characteristics of the Surface Vision 2022
The device measures no more than 7 inches in thickness, making it an extremely slim device which is easy to carry around and maneuver
The device is designed out of a high-end alloy and not cheap plastic, enhancing not only its appearance but also its durability and functionality
There is no sign of any buttons as the entire surface is one big trackpad that can be customized as the highly sensitive surface lights up to display buttons
Users would also have a super light smart touch pen at their disposal which would be used for many creative and productivity tasks, saving time and effort
The hybrid would also have two USB C ports, offering powerful USB support for data transfer and management
The two panels that make up the device would be connected, as in reality it would be just one big bendable screen surface, similar to the OLED and POLED bendable screen designs suggested by LG or Samsung
The device would feature high-end processing power developed by Intel, which would fit into such a small design without compromising power
Interesting facts about the Vision 2022
Rahimi's project came about due to his passion for modern technology and the promise of a high tech near future, granted by the already available iterations of Microsoft's Surface hybrid
The designer claims that it took him five months to complete the concept design for the Vision 2022
While there's still a long way to go until 2022 arrives, it's most interesting to think about the possibilities presented by the current level of technology. As the big tech companies begin to explore yet unchartered territory such as bendable displays, the consumer base can hope for huge payoffs by the time 2022 is here, such as the Surface Vision 2022 hybrid design concept.
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Microsoft is currently testing a new Windows 10 build 18362.10005 that will allow digital assistants such as Alexa to appear on the Windows 10 lock […]


text:
/*
 *
 * Author: Qiang Li
 * Email : liqiangneu@gmail.com
 * Date  : 10/28/2016
 * Time  : 11:18
 *
 */

#ifndef CC_UTIL_H_
#define CC_UTIL_H_

#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstdlib>

//#include <Eigen/Core>

#include "debug.h"

namespace cc_util {

void GetFileStats(int &num_lines_in_file, int &total_words, std::ifstream &input_file, int &total_target_words);

void GetFileStatsSource(int &num_lines_in_file, std::ifstream &input);

void AddModelInformation(int num_layers, int lstm_size, int target_vocab_size, int source_vocab_size, bool attention_model, bool feed_input, bool multi_source, bool combine_lstm, bool char_cnn, std::string filename);

}

namespace neural_machine_translation {

class SystemTime {

public:
  const std::string GetCurrentSystemTime();
};

class OutputLogger {

public:
  bool log_output_mode_;
  std::string file_name_;
  std::ofstream out_stream_;

public:
  OutputLogger();

public:
  void InitOutputLogger(std::string file_name, bool log_output_mode);

};

template <typename T>
OutputLogger& operator<< (OutputLogger &out, T t) {
  std::cerr<<t;
  if (out.log_output_mode_) {
    out.out_stream_<<t;
    out.out_stream_.flush();
  }
  return out;
}

//////////////////
class BasicMethod {

public:
  bool Split(const std::string &input_string, const char &split_char, std::vector<std::string> &v_output);

public:
  bool SplitWithString(const std::string &input_string, const std::string &separator, std::vector<std::string> &v_output);

public:
  bool ClearIllegalChar(std::string &str);

public:
  bool UnBpe(std::string &input);

public:
  bool RmEndSpace(std::string &line);
  bool RmStartSpace(std::string &line);

public:
  bool ToLower(std::string &line);

public:
  bool RemoveExtraSpace(std::string &input_string, std::string &output_string);
  bool RemoveAllSpace(const std::string &input_string, std::string &output_string);
  bool RemoveDoubleUnderline(const std::string &input_string, std::string &output_string);

public:
  std::string size_tToString(size_t &source);
  std::string IntToString(int &source);
  std::string FloatToString(float &source);

};

} // end of neural_machine_translation namespace

#endif


text:
PARKS & RECREATION | PLANNING | PLANNING BOARD
Arts in Your Community
Art Centers
Heritage Celebrations
Live! at Montpelier
Smooth Sounds for Seniors
Classical Recital Series
See Live! at Montpelier events on PARKS DIRECT
Lori Williams
Friday, March 6, 2020, 8 pm
Purchase tickets through PARKS DIRECT
Tickets: $25/person; 10% discount for Montpelier members and seniors
Lori Williams is the lead vocalist of her self-titled Washington, DC-based jazz ensemble and a featured vocalist with many internationally known artists. Enjoy her smooth mix of jazz and R&B with us as we kick off the spring season.
Jamie Baum
Friday, March 13, 2020, 8 pm
NYC flutist, composer, recording artist, and clinician, Jamie Baum, has toured the United States and over 30 countries performing at major festivals and concert halls including The Monterey and London Jazz Festivals, Tampere Jazz Happening, North Sea Jazz Festival, and Guimaraes Jazz Festival alongside artists such as George Russell, Randy Brecker, Donald Brown, Mick Goodrick, Tom Harrell, and Kenny Barron. Baum, known for her award-winning Septet that features her global-influenced, increasingly complex and long-form compositions, formed Short Stories to complement and expand her palette. With an emphasis on improvisation, her inspiration came from the short but eloquent, harmonic and motivically-packed compositions by such jazz icons as Wayne Shorter, Miles Davis, and Thelonious Monk. Combined with the excitement and drive of the modern "jazz standard," Baum strives to compose or arrange "short stories" that set the tone for this unique instrumentation and a top-flight group of musicians. Come enjoy an evening of short stories with Jamie Baum.
MAUREEN CHOI QUARTET
Since winning the International Jazz Competition in Talavera, Spain, the Maureen Choi Quartet has continuously sold-out concerts in major cities in Spain (such as Madrid and Barcelona) as well as in the USA (New York, Boston, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.). Choi has taken her quartet to the Madrid Jazz Festival, Jazz Festival in Guggenheim, Jazz Festival Yecla, Jazz Festival Teruel, Atlantic Sons Festival, South by Southwest, Festival de Jazz San Javier, CLAZZ, and many more. They toured the U.S. in 2016 in support of her last album, Ida y Vuelta. Currently performing in Spain, they have been invited to perform in the Summer Solstice Jazz Festival (Michigan), Shanghai Jazz Festival (China), and at the Taichung Jazz Festival (Taiwan) in 2019.
WASHINGTON WOMEN IN JAZZ
Created by pianist Amy K. Bormet in 2011, the Washington Women in Jazz hosts an annual festival each March to celebrate the women of the DC jazz community. Bormet and her colleagues develop, promote, and lead a wide array of concerts, jam sessions, lectures, panels, discussions, and masterclasses throughout the festival. During the Montpelier concert, you will see the passion, devotion, and talent these Women in Jazz possess.
PHIL WIGGINS
Friday, April 3, 2020, 8 pm
Join harmonica player, singer, and song maker Phil Wiggins and the Chesapeake Sheiks, Matt Kelley, Ian Walters, Marc Childs Moore, Steve Wolf, and Baakari Wilder, as we celebrate his new book, Sweet Bitter Blues, with an evening of wonderful music.
This non-fiction book, co-authored with Frank Matheis, tells his story and discusses the African American blues scene in Washington, D.C. Phil Wiggins is arguably America's foremost blues harmonica virtuoso. While rooted in the melodic Piedmont or "Tidewater" blues of the Chesapeake region, his mastery of the instrument now transcends stylistic boundaries. Born in Washington D.C. in 1954, Phil Wiggins achieved worldwide acclaim over three decades as one-half of the premier Piedmont blues duo of Cephas & Wiggins. Since the death of guitarist and singer John Cephas in 2009, Phil brought his harmonica wizardry to bear in a variety of musical collaborations. Join us at Montpelier Arts Center for a night of beautiful music and to purchase a copy of Sweet Bitter Blues.
CARLY HARVEY
Friday, April 17, 2020, 8 pm
Based out of Washington, D.C., Carly Harvey combines blues, jazz, soul, and Americana roots styles to create a unique sound that calls to mind Etta James, Bonnie Raitt, Nina Simone, with a little Ella Fitzgerald thrown in for good measure. In July 2018, Ms. Harvey was featured in Big City Rhythm & Blues Magazine as one of the youngest blues artists to watch. She has had the privilege to share the stage with iconic musicians including Annika Chambers, Ron Holloway, Kebbie Williams, Ephraim Owens, Cory Henry, Kofi Burbridge, Junior Marvin, and Susan Tedeschi, another artist whose work has been foundational to her musical evolution. Join us for an off-the-hook performance that is sure to entertain!
MIKE CASEY TRIO PLUS SPECIAL GUEST GRAMMY NOMINATED PIANIST BENITO GONZALEZ
Friday, May 1, 2020, 8 pm
Recently featured by The Huffington Post, Forbes, on the cover of Spotify's "State of Jazz" playlist and much more, rising star saxophonist & storyteller Mike Casey makes his Montpelier debut in style with GRAMMY-nominated pianist Benito Gonzalez (fresh off his summer Europe tour with sax icon Pharaoh Sanders), joining Mike's dynamic New York trio as a special guest. Mike, trio, and Benito will take you on a journey of original, progressive, melodic, rhythmic, emotional jazz with influences from around the world mixed with surprising takes on familiar classics. This is part of Mike's USA Return Tour - he has just arrived home after completing a yearlong master's degree program at Berklee Valencia's selective Spain campus.
ALLYN JOHNSON
Native Washingtonian, Allyn Johnson will perform music from his newly released CD, Where Angels Live. Johnson is a multi-talented musician, composer, arranger, and producer whose trademark sound gives brilliance and fortitude to the art of jazz improvisation. Mentored by the late great jazz legend Calvin Jones, Johnson hopes to continue Jones's rich legacy of service, musicianship, and academic excellence in his teaching. Be the first to hear Johnson's exciting new music!
CYRUS CHESTNUT
Friday, May 15, 2020, 8 pm
Composer, pianist, and educator, Cyrus Chestnut is a musical force that utilizes his classical, gospel and jazz influences to entertain and capture his audiences. This performance will consist of jazz interpretations of Eric Satie, Claude Debussy, Mozart, and Deep Purple. New compositions from the mind of Cyrus Chestnut will be premiered as well. It will utilize influences from the history of music that is uniquely Chestnut! Join us for an evening of jazz merged with the classics!
See Smooth Sounds for Seniors events on PARKS DIRECT
Charisma Wooten in A Night with Jackie Moms Mabley
Thursday, March 12, 2020, 12 pm noon
Tickets: $12/person
A Night with Jackie Moms Mabley is a Helen Hayes nominated play for the Charles MacArthur Award for Outstanding New Play written and portrayed by the veteran performing artist Charisma Wooten. This veteran actor/singer/playwright has toured throughout the United States, and overseas. She has performed at many historic venues including the Karamu Theatre, Ford's Theatre, and The Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Step back in time with the wonderful mother-wit of Loretta Mary Aiken, better known as Moms Mabley. This one-woman show is filled with one-line zingers about everything from politics to sexuality and racism. You will laugh and cry!
Harold Little
Thursday, April 9, 2020, 12 pm noon
Harold Little is a proven, seasoned, and dynamic musician who has been playing the trumpet for over 3 decades. A Washington, D.C. native and graduate from the infamous Duke Ellington School of the Arts and the jazz studies program at the University of District of Columbia, Harold Little is also a songwriter and producer. In his music, Little incorporates funk undertones with a hint of Go-Go swing. This winning formula enables Harold to assemble the best musicians from multiple music genres, and together they produce soulful sounds unmatched by any other band. Purchase tickets today as they will not last long!
Anita King
Thursday, May 14, 2020, 12 pm noon
Come enjoy the soulful jazzy sounds of National Recording Jazz Vocalist Anita King's melodic voice has swept across the Washington, DC area and brought her to sing in legendary venues across the United States and throughout Europe. King has performed as a member of award-winning chorale ensembles at events including Presidential Inaugurations, The Vatican and The Super Bowl. Join King as she brings her style, class, and grace to perform many of your favorite jazz songs.
Atlantic Reed Consort
Sunday, March 15, 2020, 3 pm
FREE! $5 donation per person is appreciated
Since 2010, The Atlantic Reed Consort has endeavored to bring chamber music to a broad audience in an unexpected format. ARC is a reed quintet comprised of Emily Foster (oboe), Brooke Emery (clarinet), Jeremy Koch (saxophone), John Romano (bass clarinet) and Eddie Sanders (bassoon) with a cutting edge sound and style that both embraces the contemporary and adds a new twist to the likes of Bach, Ravel, and Gershwin.
One of the Mid-Atlantic region's most sought-after chamber music groups, the Atlantic Reed Consort has recently been featured in multiple appearances at the Smithsonian National Gallery of Art, as well as the Baltimore Composer's Forum, INTERSECTIONS DC, Creative Alliance at the Patterson (Baltimore), and in New York City at Carnegie Hall's Weill Recital Hall.
Grace Liu
Saturday, April 25, 2020, 1 pm
Taiwanese-American pianist, Grace Liu performs as a soloist and collaborative pianist throughout the U.S. and Taiwan. She is the recipient of the Pauline Favin Memorial Award in Piano and the Clara Ascherfel Accompanying Award at the Peabody Institute of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. In 2010, she appeared as a soloist with the UC Irvine Symphony as the winner of the concerto competition. She was also the winner of the 2008 Irvine Classical Music Series Young Artists Scholarship Award. Grace is currently pursuing her Doctor of Musical Arts degree at the Peabody Institute where she also received her Master of Music degree in piano performance. She completed her Bachelor of Music degree at the University of California, Irvine.
Na Ae Park
Sunday, May 17, 2020, 3 pm
Soprano Na Ae Park is currently completing the Artist Certificate Program for Voice at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, where she received the prestigious Peterson Endowed Scholarship Award. She received her Bachelor of Music degree from Ewha Woman's University's School of Music in Seoul, Korea, where she earned a university scholarship for outstanding performances. She received her Master's degree from The University of The Arts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she earned the International Presidential Scholarship.
Montpelier Arts Event Tickets
Classes at Montpelier
7833 Walker Drive


School shootings have been getting bigger through the years. Just this week we had two school shootings. One in Kentucky and the other in Texas. They became the first school shootings this year and the United States is just numb at this point.
The earliest documented shooting happened in the 1700's. Happening in July 26, 1764 in school property four, Lenape American Indian came into a school killing a professor named Enoch Brown as well killing at least ten students. At the end only two victims survived.
This proves that school shootings are not anything new. These types of shootings or anytype have been frequent and the amount of people that are becoming victims is rising.
Many schools have started doing drills to help students prepare for this type of situation. However, can these drills really help now knowing the attacker probably knows this drill. The shooter can most likely be a student or someone with 'mental problems' who doesn't go to that school.
If they know it is a school day, and we are somewhere in the school they will not rest to at least hurt one person. Schools should have better methods in protecting students. Kentucky students thought that it was gonna be a regular day, but took a twist when a student started firing. Some could have thought it was their last day. Texas had a school shooting involving a shooter of the age 16 years old. He shot a 15 year old girl but no motive on why it occurred has been released.
Students are supposed to feel safe in a school environment, but now it is either a life or death situation in schools. Schools need to find more efficient drills to actually help students keep their lives. A better plan can save a life. Having precautions is better than having none at all and mourning a student or teacher that was shot.
Fixing this situation can have students protected, and if a situation like this occurs it will no longer be frequent and students and faculty will be better prepared for these types of situations.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Friction is a phenomenon that affects the behavior of virtually every mechanical system: from the movement of geological faults that can cause earthquakes to the sliding of atomic-force microscopy tips. In these systems, friction arises from the interaction of contacting asperities\citep{bowdenAreaContactStationary1939,bowdenMechanismMetallicFriction1942}: the inevitable roughness of natural and manufactured surfaces implies that the true contact interface is made up of a sparse set of contacts junctions\citep{dieterichDirectObservationFrictional1994} which governs the frictional response\citep{bowdenMechanismMetallicFriction1942,ben-davidStaticFrictionCoefficient2011}, as well as other tribological phenomena\citep{archardContactRubbingFlat1953,greenwoodContactNominallyFlat1966,frerotMechanisticUnderstandingWear2018}.

At macroscopic scales, the static friction force has been observed to increase logarithmically with resting contact time for amorphous materials, including woods\citep{coulombTheorieMachinesSimples1821}, rocks\citep{dieterichModelingRockFriction1979} and polymers\citep{dieterichDirectObservationFrictional1994}. This is attributed to an increase of the true contact area due to a mechanical creeping of contact spots\citep{dieterichDirectObservationFrictional1994} (geometrical aging), an increase of the interaction energy between the two surfaces\citep{bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002,liFrictionalAgeingInterfacial2011} (chemical aging), or both\citep{bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002}. Upon sliding, the contact interface rejuvenates over a characteristic sliding distance\citep{ruinaSlipInstabilityState1983} $D_0$. This memory distance is often a phenomenological parameter in ``rate-and-state'' friction models\citep{dieterichModelingRockFriction1979,riceStabilitySteadyFrictional1983,brenerUnstableSlipPulses2018} which describe the friction force in terms of a state variable $\phi$ whose evolution equation encompasses aging and rejuvenation.

At nanoscopic scales, friction stems from inter-atomic forces between the surfaces in contact. While the effects of adsorbed layers\citep{heAdsorbedLayersOrigin1999,mazuyerFrictionDynamicsConfined2008}, disorder\citep{montiSlidingFrictionAmorphous2020}, lattice commensurability\citep{hodStructuralSuperlubricityUltralow2018} are well known at the nano-scale, roughness at these scales can still break the contact area down into small junctions whose collective behavior may be different from a perfectly smooth response.

Our aim here is therefore two-fold: elucidating the influence of roughness on nano-scale friction mechanisms and integrating the physical contribution of these mechanisms into a macroscopic friction description. To do this, we focus on a representative model system of two rough cobalt surfaces coated with a stearic acid (C\textsubscript{17}H\textsubscript{35}COOH, commonly used as an environmentally-friendly lubricant) in dodecane (C\textsubscript{12}H\textsubscript{26}) dilute solution. After deposition of the solution, the stearic acid adsorbs on the surfaces and forms a monolayer\citep{crespoEffectUnsaturationAdsorption2018,abouhadidFrictionLawsSaturated2021}. These two rough monolayer-covered surfaces are brought into contact in our molecular tribometer\citep{crespoMethodologyCharacterizeRheology2017} at constant normal force. A slide-hold-slide protocol is applied with constant velocity and varied hold times. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reproducing the experimental protocol (at lower timescales) are used to probe the details of the contact interface, for which we combine the two surfaces roughness profiles into a single rough-on-flat setting (roughness profiles are generated using measurements of the tribometer surfaces). Nano-scale mechanisms uncovered with MD and experimental results are used to establish a unifying friction model that we show reproduces the transient friction behavior observed in experiments.

\section{Results}

\begin{figure*}
\raisebox{-.5\height}{\includegraphics{schematic}}
\raisebox{-.5\height}{\includegraphics{observation}}
\caption{\textbf{Transient friction behavior of stearic acid monolayers.} Schematic (\textbf{a}) of a ball-on-flat contact experiment for fatty-acid monolayers showing the multi-scale nature friction. The apparent contact area has a radius of \SI{2.45}{\um}, while the true contact area is made up of sparse junctions where the adsorbed monolayers interact due to the surface roughness. The friction response of the experiments ($\pm$ 10\% error) and simulations are shown in \textbf{b}--\textbf{c} and \textbf{d}--\textbf{e}, respectively. \textbf{b} and \textbf{d} show the transient friction behavior in a slide-hold-slide protocol, with hold highlighted in grey ($t_0$ being the start time of the hold stage). An overshoot of the steady-state friction force can be observed at the onset of the second slide stage. \textbf{c} and \textbf{e} show that the magnitude of the overshoot increases with the hold time, $t_w$, if it is greater than a relaxation time of $\tau_\mathrm{exp}$ = \SI{2.2}{\s} in the experiment and $\tau_\mathrm{MD}$ = \SI{0.1}{\ns} in the simulations.}\label{fig:observation}
\end{figure*}

\Cref{fig:observation}a illustrates the multi-scale aspect of friction of surfaces coated with fatty acid monolayers: the inevitable roughness of the surfaces in contact partitions the apparent contact interface into contact junctions\citep{dieterichDirectObservationFrictional1994} where the fatty acid molecules are close enough to interact. This occurs even with a root-mean-square (RMS) roughness as small as \SI{0.6}{\nm}, as measured in the current experiments, with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Figures \ref{fig:observation}b and \ref{fig:observation}d show the transient friction response of stearic acid monolayers for a slide-hold-slide (SHS) protocol, where $t_0$ is the start time of the holding stage, $\mu_\mathrm{exp}$ and $\mu_\mathrm{MD}$ are the friction coefficients for the experiment and simulation, respectively. During the holding stage, the friction force decreases to a non-zero value. After rest, the friction force overshoots the steady-state value by $\Delta\mu_\mathrm{exp}$ (resp.\ $\Delta\mu_\mathrm{MD}$). This overshoot is observed in both the experiments and MD simulations of rough-on-flat (\emph{cf}.\ \cref{fig:observation}d) and rough-on-rough (\emph{cf}.\ extended data \cref{ex:rough_static_peaks}), and is consistent with previous observations of frictional aging in experiments\citep{coulombTheorieMachinesSimples1821,dieterichModelingRockFriction1979,ruinaSlipInstabilityState1983} and simulations\citep{liFrictionalAgeingInterfacial2011}. Figures \ref{fig:observation}c and \ref{fig:observation}d show that for both the experiments and the simulations the magnitude of the overshoot increases with $t_w$ for times longer than the relaxation times $\tau_\mathrm{exp}$ = \SI{2.2}{\s} and $\tau_\mathrm{MD}$ = \SI{0.1}{\ns} of the experiment and simulation, respectively. We have defined $\tau_\mathrm{exp}$ directly from \cref{fig:observation}c, but $\tau_\mathrm{MD}$ is defined from the mean-square displacement of monomers in an equilibrium simulation (see extended data \cref{ex:msqd}), hence, our interpretation of $\tau_\mathrm{exp}$ and $\tau_\mathrm{MD}$ as relaxation time-scales. Independent simultaneous measurement of the tangential stiffness in the SHS experiment\citep{crespoComprehensionTribologieFilms2017} shows a reversible increase/decrease of the stiffness, confirming the presence of structural aging at the molecular scale during rest (see extended data \cref{ex:tangential_stiffness}). With both our experimental and computational system showing evidence of aging, we investigate the role of roughness in the observed response.

\begin{figure*}
\includegraphics{roughness_evidence}
\caption{\textbf{Effects of roughness on the transient friction response}. \textbf{a} compares the transient friction response of a rough-on-flat and a flat-on-flat system after a hold time $t_w$ (darker curves have longer $t_w$). The flat/flat system shows that the friction force recovers a steady-state value without overshooting, unlike the rough/flat system which exhibits a friction force peak above $\mu_\mathrm{ss}$ for large $t_w$. \textbf{b} compares the increase in the number of cross-surface links ($\Delta N$) in the holding stage. While $\Delta N$ increases markedly for the rough/flat system, it oscillates below 2~\% with no clear trend in the flat/flat system.}\label{fig:roughness}
\end{figure*}

We compare in \cref{fig:roughness}a the MD transient friction response (as a function of sliding distance, $\delta$, normalized by the molecule length, $L_0$ = \SI{2.14}{\nm}) of a flat-on-flat system with a rough-on-flat system, as well as the increase in number of cross-surface links (XSLs) during the hold step, i.e.\ the number of interactions between the ends of the molecules adsorbed on the different surfaces, during the holding stage. In \cref{fig:roughness}a, the rough-on-flat system exhibits a friction overshoot as showcased in \cref{fig:observation}, while the flat-on-flat system does not. Instead, the transient of the latter consists in an increase of the friction force only up to the steady-state value, regardless of $t_w$. Roughness, even at this nanometric scale, is therefore a sufficient condition for the occurrence of an aging process. In order to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying the transient friction response, we look at the number of XSLs, $N$, and how it increases relative to the value at the end of the initial sliding phase, $N_0$. The change of number of links, $\Delta N = N - N_0$, indicates chemical aging because the contact area is constant (see extended data \cref{ex:contact_map_wait}). \Cref{fig:roughness}b shows that the number of XSLs in the flat-on-flat system at rest does not increase for $t_w > \tau_\mathrm{MD}$ while the rough-on-flat system sees a significant increase in XSLs on time-scales longer than the relaxation time, mirroring the increase in $\Delta \mu_\mathrm{MD}$ shown in \cref{fig:observation}e. The difference between flat and rough systems can be explained with contact junctions that are free to evolve in the rough case, i.e.\ molecules can accommodate contact stresses by moving in/out of junctions, whereas this mechanism cannot occur if the entire interface participates in contact. The similarities between $\Delta N$ and $\Delta\mu_\mathrm{MD}$ prompts us to investigate the number of links in the second slide stage to understand how the system looses its memory of the contact interface and rejuvenates to a constant friction force.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics{bonds_rescaled}
\caption{\textbf{Evolution of the number of XSLs ($f = N$, symbols), measured friction force ($f = \mu_\mathrm{exp}$, continuous line) and contact survival fraction ($f = \alpha$, dashed line with circles) in slide-after-hold as a function of the sliding distance $\delta$}. Dashed (red) line shows a decay of the form $f - f_{ss} = \Delta f \sim \exp(-\delta / D_0)$ with $D_0$ = \SI{3.5}{\nm}. This decay holds well for $N$ and $\mu_\mathrm{exp}$ even for several times $D_0$, regardless of sliding velocity
(symbol shapes)
and without fit parameters. Dispersion of the data on long sliding distances is expected due to the natural noise of the systems, which introduces uncertainty in the steady-state estimate (grey area). Both MD simulations and experimental data follow the same trend while the dry contact simulation data diverges, indicating that $D_0$ is not an intrinsic property of the roughness.}\label{fig:bonds_rescaled}
\end{figure}

In \cref{fig:bonds_rescaled}, we note $\Delta f = f(\delta) - f_{ss}$ and $\Delta f_w = f_w - f_{ss}$ with $f$ being either the number $N$ of XSLs, the experimental friction coefficient $\mu_\mathrm{exp}$ or the contact area survival fraction $\alpha$, $f_w$ and $f_{ss}$ denoting these quantities at the end of the holding stage and at steady-state, respectively. The contact area survival fraction $\alpha$ is measured from continuum simulations of elastic dry contact where the top surface is shifted by $\delta$ and the true contact area $A(\delta)$ is compared to the initial ($\delta = 0$) contact area: $\alpha = |A(\delta) \cap A(0)| / |A(0)|$. The quantity $-\ln(\Delta f / \Delta f_w)$ gives an idea as to how $f$ returns to its steady state value as the top surface slides a distance $\delta$: rate-and-state models that use the aging law $\dot{\phi} = 1 - v\phi/D_0$ predict that $\phi(\delta) - \phi_{ss} \propto \exp(-\delta / D_0)$ which is a straight line with slope $1 / D_0$ in \cref{fig:bonds_rescaled}. The continuous line in \cref{fig:bonds_rescaled} is the experimental friction response ($f = \mu_\mathrm{exp}$). It closely follows the exponential decay with slope given by $D_0$ = \SI{3.5}{\nm} (dashed line) up to $\delta \approx 3 L_0$ = \SI{6.4}{\nm}. Symbols show that the number of XSLs ($f = N$) for different sliding velocities ($v \cdot \tau_\mathrm{MD} / L_0 =$ 0.7, 1.2, 1.4, 1.
) also follows the exponential decay with the same $D_0$ as the experiment. Uncertainty (due to noise) in the measurement of the steady-state value of an exponential decay causes deviations from the straight line. The gray area in \cref{fig:bonds_rescaled} shows the deviation extent based on the noise in $N$ measured in the simulations. Unlike $\mu_\mathrm{exp}$ and $N$, the contact survival fraction, $\alpha$, for dry elastic contact (dotted line), decays to a steady-state at a slower rate than the other quantities, indicating that $D_0$ is not an intrinsic property of the roughness, but rather a velocity-independent system property\citep{molinariFundamentalAspectsNew2019} that combines the surface roughness and the molecular organization of the fatty acid molecules.

Our experiments and simulations show that taking the surface roughness into account, even at the nano scale, and the formation of contact junctions is necessary for the observation of frictional aging. We also demonstrate that the cross-surface link formation and destruction govern the key aspects of the transient frictional response. We combine these two ideas into a unified model that links the nano and macroscopic scales---in both time and space---and analytically reproduces the state-state friction response and predicts the observed transient friction force in the presence of roughness. This model combines two length scales: the macro scale where the true contact area is made up of monolayer junctions due to the presence of surface roughness (characterized by its RMS amplitude) and the scale of molecular interactions within a junction. At this molecular scale, four characteristic times are defined: the time to break a molecular link (i.e.\ cross-surface link), the time to (re)activate a molecular link, the delay time related to the withdraw of a link from the interpenetration zone, and finally the age of the contact. These ingredients allow the modeling of friction both in stationary and transient regimes, while accounting for the time, sliding velocity, surface roughness, and elastic properties of the monolayers. The friction force $F_{t}(v,t)$ is decomposed as the product of an interfacial shear stress, $\sigma_s (v)$ (which depends on the sliding velocity), and the real contact area, $A_r (\phi)$ (which depends on the age of the contacts $\phi(t)$ obeying the evolution equation $\dot{\phi} = 1 - v\phi/D_0$ with $D_0$ evaluated in the MD simulations). The interfacial shear stress $\sigma_s$ is calculated according to the Chernyak--Leonov theory\citep{chernyakTheoryAdhesiveFriction1986, leonovDependenceFrictionForce1990} using the characteristic times defined above. In the inset of \cref{fig:model}, we show our fit of $F_{t,ss}$ to the steady-state experimental values of the friction force at different sliding velocities (values of the model parameters are given in the methods section). To account for transient effects at the onset of sliding, we combine the described approach with an extension of Mindlin's model\citep{mindlinComplianceElasticBodies1949, bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002} to multi-asperity contacts\citep{greenwoodContactNominallyFlat1966}. The friction force evolution with the sliding distance is then expressed as $F_t(\delta,v,t) = F_{t}(v,t) \left[1-\exp(-\delta /\delta^*)\right]$ where $\delta^*$ is the ratio of the steady-state friction force $F_{t,ss}$ to the measured stiffness of the interface $K_x$ (the hypothesis leading to the full derivation of this equation are given in the methods section) and illustrated in \cref{fig:model}. Note that the free parameter values are those fitted for the steady-state value of friction, no additional fitting is required to reproduce the transient friction force. Without roughness, our model correctly predicts no overshoot of the stationary friction value, in agreement with our MD simulations. This demonstrates that the physics of friction is well captured by the complex coupling between the dynamics (times $\tau$, $\tau_\mathrm{0}$ and $\hat{\tau}$ relating to the molecular links) of link formation inside contact junctions and the sliding dynamics of the junctions themselves all over the contact area. Thus, the interface accommodates the shearing through a combined effect of roughness and molecular interdigitation.

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \includegraphics{model}
    \caption{\textbf{Transient friction predicted by multi-scale friction model.} The theoretical prediction (black line) is compared to the experimental friction transient ($v$ = \SI{0.5}{\nm}) and steady-state (inset) responses (circles). The model free parameters (\emph{cf}. methods section) are adjusted to reproduce the experimental steady-state friction (inset), which allows the prediction of the experimentally recorded transient behavior: the theoretical friction overshoots the steady-state value and decays over the same distance as the experimental and MD results.}
    \label{fig:model}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}
Combining experiments and simulations of friction between fatty acid monolayers deposited on rough surfaces, and complemented by a unified theoretical approach, we were able to probe the molecular mechanisms underlying frictional aging and the transient friction response, and bridge the scale gap to the macroscopic friction behavior. We have shown that surface roughness plays an instrumental role---even at the molecular level---in forming junctions whose dynamics govern the macroscopic friction. Without fit parameters, our molecular dynamics simulations could reproduce the memory length-scale $D_0$ = \SI{3.5}{\nm} measured in transient friction experiments. We have also devised a multi-scale theoretical approach that combines a molecular model of friction at the nano-scale and a multi-asperity contact model at the meso-scale. This approach accurately reproduces the steady-state friction dependency on sliding velocity and predicts the transient behavior of the experiments and simulations. This confirms the fundamental role of roughness in aging and validates our proposed bridging between the contact scales and molecular scales.

\section{Methods}
\subsection{Experimental Friction Measurement}
Using stearic acid ($99.0~\%$ purity, from Sigma-Aldrich) with dehydrated and filtered dodecane, a dilute solution is prepared at a concentration of \SI{0.002}{\mol/\L}. The surfaces consist of a fused silicate glass sphere of radius 2.030 $\pm$ \SI{0.005}{\mm} and a $\langle 100 \rangle$ silicon wafer. The latter is cleaned with isopropanol and deionized water using a  spin-coater at 8000 rpm and then dried under nitrogen flow. Both surfaces are then coated with a \SI{40}{\nm}-thin cobalt layer by means of a cathodic sputtering system under low argon pressure ($10^{-6}$ mbar). Experiments are conducted by sliding the sphere over the plane using the ATLAS molecular tribometer\citep{crespoMethodologyCharacterizeRheology2017}. A typical friction experiment is performed by approaching the sphere towards the plane, confining the stearic acid monolayers on each surface until a constant normal force of 0.70 $\pm$ \SI{0.01}{\mN}, i.e.\ a corresponding average Hertzian contact pressure of \SI{25}{\MPa} (at a normal velocity of \SI{0.1}{\nm/\s}). Then without breaking contact, a slide-hold-slide procedure is used: the sphere slides over the plane over few hundreds of nm at a constant sliding velocity of \SI{0.5}{\nm/\s}, then is held stationary for a time, $t_w$, before resuming the lateral displacement. Hold times are varied between \SI{1}{\s} and \SI{120}{\s}. During the experiment, the response to a superimposed oscillating sphere displacement in both directions, normal and tangential, of amplitude \SI{0.1}{\nm} and \SI{38}{\Hz} (respectively \SI{0.03}{\nm} and \SI{70}{\Hz}) provides, without disturbing the friction process, the stiffness and the viscous damping of the confined interface in both directions\citep{crespoMethodologyCharacterizeRheology2017}. All measurements are carried out in a sealed chamber of relative humidity lower than $1~\%$ and $T$ = $23.0^\circ$C $\pm$ $0.5^\circ$C in an argon atmosphere.

\subsection{Surface Topography Characterization}
Multi-scale characterization of the surface topography is performed before and after the experiment to ensure no surface damage. AFM measurements of the surface topography over an area of \SI{1}{\um}$\times$\SI{1}{\um} provide an RMS of surface heights of \SI{0.6}{\nm} and a radially averaged power-spectrum density (PSD) shown in extended data \cref{ex:psd_exp}. At a larger scale, Bruker interferometry profilometer provides an RMS value of 0.5 nm on both surfaces in Phase Shift Interferometry mode over an area of \SI{63}{\um}$\times$\SI{47}{\um}.

To generate synthetic rough surfaces from the measured surface profile, we use the PSD computed from the AFM data. We cut off long wavelength modes as necessary to generate a smaller surface, i.e.\ for MD simulations that are \SI{200}{\nm}$\times$\SI{200}{\nm}, and use uniformly distributed phases\citep{wuSimulationRoughSurfaces2000} to produce surfaces with the same (or reduced) spectral content as the surface used in experiments. Full size (\SI{1}{\um}$\times$\SI{1}{\um}) surfaces are used for continuum simulations of dry elastic contact while reduced size (\SI{200}{\nm}$\times$\SI{200}{\nm}) are used for MD simulations.

\subsection{Molecular Dynamics}
Molecular dynamics simulations are conducted using coarse-grained potentials\citep{salernoResolvingDynamicProperties2016} adjusted for alkane chains with one bead corresponding to two CH\textsubscript{2} groups. Stearic acid chains consist of nine beads. Head groups are positioned on an hexagonal lattice with spacing \SI{5.5}{\angstrom}. The top lattice is rotated \SI{90}{\degree} to avoid commensurate effects in the flat/flat friction response. The applied normal pressure is $\bar{p}$ = \SI{27}{\MPa}. Roughness is applied to the head-group lattice by vertical displacement of the beads and their connected chain. The system is initially equilibrated at $T$ = \SI{300}{\kelvin}, with the surfaces separated, using a Langevin thermostat and a time-step of $\Delta t$ = \SI{1}{\fs}. Surfaces are brought together with the applied normal pressure and equilibrated again. Sliding of the top head-group lattice is done via a spring attached to its center of mass. The stiffness of the spring is such that the period of the mass-spring system is \SI{3.5}{\ps}. In the initial sliding phase, the free end of the spring slides at velocity $v$ for \SI{600}{\angstrom} and $\Delta t$ = \SI{1.25}{\fs}. The system is then allowed to rest by setting $v$ to zero for \SI{30}{\ns} with $\Delta t$ = \SI{3}{\fs}. Restart of the sliding is done by setting $v$ back to its original value with $\Delta t$ = \SI{1.25}{\fs}. The friction force is measured as the force in the spring. All simulations are conducted with the open-source software \href{https://www.lammps.org}{LAMMPS}\citep{plimptonFastParallelAlgorithms1995}.

\subsection{Continuum Elastic Rough Contact}
A Fourier-based boundary integral approach\citep{stanleyFFTBasedMethodRough1997,frerotFourieracceleratedVolumeIntegral2019} is used with a projected conjugate gradient algorithm\citep{polonskyNumericalMethodSolving1999} to solve the elastic rough contact problem. The linear elastic material properties used are determined from the experiments\citep{crespoEffectUnsaturationAdsorption2018}: the contact Young's modulus $E^* = E/(1-\nu^2)$ is set to \SI{74}{\GPa} and the average pressure is set to $\bar{p}$ = \SI{27}{\MPa}. The contact problem is solved with a compound roughness\citep{johnsonContactMechanics1985} $h = h_2 - h_1$ from two generated surfaces $h_{1}$ and $h_2$, the latter of which is shifted by $\delta$, the sliding distance. The true contact area is the area where contact pressure is strictly positive. The survival fraction at $\delta$ is the normalized magnitude of the area in common with the initial contact area. All simulations are conducted with the open-source library \href{https://gitlab.com/tamaas/tamaas}{\textsc{Tamaas}}\citep{frerotTamaasLibraryElasticplastic2020,frerotTamaasHighperformanceLibrary2021}.

\subsection{Junction-based Friction Model}
The coupling between the roughness scale of the multi-asperity contact and the molecular scale at which the two stearic acid monolayers interact is considered (see \cref{fig:observation}). This interaction only occurs in contact junctions between surfaces asperities. The evolution of friction is then modeled at these two scales\citep{crespoComprehensionTribologieFilms2017}.

\paragraph{In the steady-state regime---} The friction force $F_{t}$ is assumed to admit the decomposition $F_t(v,t) = \sigma_s(v)\cdot A_r\left[\phi(t)\right]$, where the interfacial shear strength $\sigma_s(v)$ is given by the Chernyak--Leonov's model\citep{chernyakTheoryAdhesiveFriction1986} and the true contact area $A_\mathrm{r} = \left(F_\mathrm{n}/\langle p\rangle\right)\times\left[1+\omega\ln\left(1+\phi/\tau_1\right)\right]${\citep{bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002}} depends on the age variable $\phi$ following $\dot{\phi} = 1 - v\phi/D_0$ and on the mean pressure within the contacts $\langle p \rangle$ when the surfaces have just been brought into contact. The latter can be related to the roughness parameters (RMS roughness, $h_\mathrm{rms}$ and radius of the asperities summits, $\beta$) of the surface through the Greenwood-Williamson model\citep{greenwoodContactNominallyFlat1966}. $D_0$ in the non-stationary evolution equation acts as a characteristic memory length-scale: at the molecular scale, it is the sliding distance needed to renew the cross-surface links, as shown in the simulations. The Chernyak--Leonov theory is used to describe the dynamics of links formation between the stearic acid molecules, through the interpenetration zone according to three elementary times \citep{leonovDependenceFrictionForce1990}: $\tau_\mathrm{0}$, the time necessary to break a link, $\tau$, the time necessary to form a link and $\hat{\tau}$ the time for a molecule to withdraw from the interpenetration zone. The latter is similar to a Rouse time that depends on the thickness of the interpenetration zone and on molecular friction parameter $\zeta$. According to this model, the interfacial shear strength $\sigma_s$ can be written as:
$$\sigma_s(v) = \sigma_0 u\frac{\left(1-m-1/u\right)\exp\left(-m-1/u\right)}{1+m\gamma-\exp\left(-m-1/u\right)}$$
with $u=v\tau_0 / L_0\cdot \tan\chi$, $m=\tau/\tau_\mathrm{0}$, $\gamma=\tau/\hat{\tau}$, and $\sigma_\mathrm{0}=\left(2G/\tan\chi\right)\times\left(L_\mathrm{H}/L_\mathrm{0}\right)$ deduced from  Ref.~\citenum{chernyakTheoryAdhesiveFriction1986} where $\chi$
is the angle made by the stretched molecule in sliding.

\paragraph{Onset of sliding---} The macroscopic transient friction force $F_t$ for an interface transitioning from rest to a sliding velocity $v$ is calculated from the extension of Mindlin's theory to rough surfaces\citep{bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002}, with a RMS roughness noted $h_\mathrm{rms}$. This is possible due to the sliding distance $\delta$ being much smaller than the characteristic diameter of the contact junctions (see extended data \cref{ex:contact_map_reslide}). In a multi-asperities interface, this means some contact spots remains in partial sliding while others are moved in total sliding with a friction coefficient $\mu(v,t)=F_\mathrm{t}(v,t)/F_\mathrm{n}$ where $F_\mathrm{t}(v,t)$ is given in the previous paragraph. The critical sliding distance, $\delta^*$ experimentally measured as \SI{0.16}{\nm} for $v$ = \SI{0.5}{\nm} is introduced. It is interpreted as the distance required to switch from partial to total sliding\citep{mazuyerFrictionDynamicsConfined2008}. Thus, according to the Mindlin theory, the elementary tangential force $f$ to required move a micro-contact in partial sliding is simply $f=\mu(v,t) f_\mathrm{n}\times\left[1-\left(1-\delta/\delta^*\right)^{3/2}\right]$, where $f_\mathrm{n}$ is the load applied on one micro-contact, with the assumption that all contacts have the same age $\phi$. The Greenwood-Williamson model applied to such a multi-contact interface \citep{bureauElasticiteRheologieInterface2002} gives $F_t(\delta, v, t)=F_\mathrm{t}(v,t)\left[1-\exp\left(-\delta/\delta^*\right)\right]$.

The model uses values of $G$, $\delta^{*}$, $L_\mathrm{0}$, $L_\mathrm{H}$ measured during the experiments and $D_0$ evaluated from the number of cross-surface links in simulations. The free parameters are $\tau$, $\tau_\mathrm{0}$, the friction constant $\zeta$ of the Rouse time $\hat{\tau}$, angle $\chi$, the pressure $\langle p \rangle$, the time $\tau_1$ and the factor $\omega$. They are estimated in order to reproduce the stationary friction force $F_{ss}(v)$ reached by $F_\mathrm{t}(v,t)$ over a long time scale when $\delta\gg\delta^*$ and $\phi$ is equal to its steady-state value $D_\mathrm{0}/v$. The values used in \cref{fig:model} are listed in \cref{tab:data}.

\begin{table}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{Numerical values used for the the junction-based friction model.}\label{tab:data}
\begin{tabular}{l@{\hspace{0.5cm}}l}
\toprule
Measured values & Adjusted free values \\
\midrule
$L_\mathrm{0}$ = \SI{2.14}{\nm} & $\tau$ = \SI{18}{\ms}\\
$L_\mathrm{H}$ = \SI{1.55}{\nm} & $\tau_\mathrm{0}$ = \SI{7}{\s}\\
$G$ = \SI{6.1}{\MPa} & $\hat{\tau}$ = \SI{114}{\ms}\\
$\delta^{*}$ = \SI{0.16}{\nm} & $\zeta$ = 0.0006\\
$D_\mathrm{0}$ = \SI{3.5}{\nm} & $\chi$ = 56$^\circ$\\

& $\langle p \rangle$ = \SI{670}{\MPa}\\
& $\omega$ = 0.44\\
& $\tau_1$ = \SI{60}{\s}\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\FloatBarrier

\section{End Notes}

\noindent\emph{Acknowledgements---} This article is dedicated to the memory of Mark O. Robbins. LF acknowledges the financial support of the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant \#191720 ``Tribology of Polymers: from Atomistic to Continuum Scales'') and the Johns Hopkins University. LF and JAE acknowledge the computational support of the Advanced Research Computing at Hopkins (ARCH) core facility (rockfish.jhu.edu), which is supported by a U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grant number OAC-1920103. LF and JAE also acknowledge the computational support of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) Expanse supercomputer at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) through allocation TG-MAT210003. XSEDE is supported by NSF grant number ACI-1548562. JAE acknowledges financial support from the NSF CAREER award CMMI-1454072. AC, DM and JCB acknowledge the financial support of the French National Research Agency (Confluence project ANR-13-JS09-0016-01), and of the Agency for the ecological transition (ADEME) through the IMOTEP project.\\

\noindent\emph{Author contributions---} All authors participated in discussions. JCB and MOR initiated the collaboration. LF, JAE, DM and JCB wrote and edited the article. JCB and DM devised the experiments, AC produced the experimental data. LF, MOR and JAE devised the MD simulations, LF produced the simulation data. DM established the unified theoretical model.\\

\noindent\emph{Competing interests---} The authors declare no competing interests.\\

\noindent\emph{Extended data} figures are available for this paper.\\

\noindent\emph{Correspondence} should be address to lucas.frerot@imtek.uni-freiburg.de for questions on simulations and to juliette.cayer-barrioz@ec-lyon.fr for questions on experiments and theory.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
December 1990: First prize for the design of Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center open spaces, Athens, Greece.
November 1989: First prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition of Ideas for the decoration of the city of Thessaloniki during Christmas (lighting fittings, sculptures, structures, Christmas trees).
February 1987: First Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition of Ideas for the design of Ethnegersias square in Aigina. The site was 6 acres.
May 1985: First Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition of Ideas for the design of Skopeytirio Park in Kaisariani. The site was about 740 acres.
September 1985: First Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition with subject: "Enviromental protection and design of public garden in Rethymno". The site was about 35 acres.
Second Prize
April 2004: Second prize for the international tender for the "Design and construction of Thessaloniki Submerged Tunnel".
February 2001: Second Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition for the regeneration of Thessaloniki's waterfront.
December 1990: Second Prize for the design of "Pasas Gardens" in Thessaloniki, an urban garden with references in the Turkish Period.
Third Prize
November 2005: Third Prize in the Architectural Competition of initial design proposals for the pedestrianization of Asklipeios street, in Trikala.
Fourth Prize
April 1986: Fourth Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition for the design of Pausilipos Park in Trikala. The site covered an area of approximately 19,8 acres.
January 1983: Fourth Prize at Panhellenic Architectural Competition for the design of Holargos Park. The site covered an area of approximately 7,5 acres.


text:
Cañar Chronicles
Life in the Andes of Ecuador
digital archive project
Archivo Cultural de Cañar
Three years ago, the family of traditional town photographer, Rigoberto Navas (1911-2001), invited me to begin organizing, printing and digitizing hundreds of their father's glass-plate and early celluloid negatives. Since then, the Archivo Cultural de Cañar has taken shape with contributions of photographs, documents, and recordings from early Peace Corps volunteers (1968-74), photos and writings from Danish anthropologists Niels Fock and Eva Krener during their time in the village of Juncal (1973-74; 1976-77), and videos and recordings made by ethnomusicologist, Allison Adrian, during her six months in Cañar in 2016. The Archivo Cultural de Cañar will eventually include my own extensive collection of documentary photographs going back to1992, along with videos, oral histories, and rare music recordings. We are presently working with AILLA (Archive of Indigenous Languages of Latin America) at the Theresa Long Logano Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Texas at Austin, to digitally publish the first three collections: Rigoberto Navas, Krener/Fock and Peace Corps.
Niels Fock & Eva Krener, Juncal 1974
Rigoberto Navas, Cañari hacienda workers with fiesta queens from town, date unknown
Entrance to Cañar, 1968, Peace Corps volunteer
Fiesta de Carnaval, various years, Judy Blankenship
2 thoughts on "digital archive project"
Ed Holmes on January 14, 2014 at 9:52 pm said:
I'm immediately reminded of Martin Chambi's work in the early 20th century in Cuzco and vicinity.How many times in my own community have I wished I'd taken photos of older building that get torn down and the environment changes, an older era vanishes and a new reality emerges. Hope to see you later this month. We fly out of Seattle for Quito tomorrow. Abrazos, Eduardo
judyblankenship on January 14, 2014 at 10:42 pm said:
Get in contact in the next week or so and we'll make a time to meet in Cañar.


I've had another cooking adventure recently. This one did not end poorly, unlike the macaroni and cheese a few months back. Feel free to read about that escapade here.
Perhaps, it did not fail because I wasn't the one who cooked. Some friends did, actually. Even though I did not cook, I still consider it an adventure because of the food we made.
Yes, we made Russian pancakes.
For those of you who may not know, I was born in Russia. And besides the time I ate food in Russia before flying to America when I was adopted, I don't recall ever having any Russian food. And the food I did eat back then, I don't have any memory of since I was five at the time.
Needless to say, this adventure was quite necessary for the sake of my heritage. I just had to have a small idea of what Russians ate.
So, here's what I discovered.
Russian pancakes are like crepes, but a little bit thinner—at least the ones we made. They are not like the thick buttermilk American ones. I honestly don't know if there are other versions of them. But, I do know that Bulgarian pancakes are like crepes, too. Perhaps, it is just a non-American tradition.
To tell you the truth, I was rather curious to see what they tasteed like. I am not much of a crepe person. Granted, I am pretty sure the only time I've had a crepe is at IHOP, which could be part of my problem.
Plus, I absolutely love pancakes. In fact, I am that person who has a preference between pancakes and waffles. I've made both and much preferred the pancakes over the waffles.
Although I have a preference, I don't really understand why there is this competition between the two of them. They are made practically the same way. Maybe it is a question of who wants to put their syrup in little compartments. I'd love to hear if you all know why there is this battle between the battered breakfast items.
Regardless, it took quite a bit of time to make the Russian pancakes. It took much longer than one may anticipate, which is probably why my friends don't make them often. And from what I could see, they can be a bit difficult to make, depending on the size of one's pan.
We had some with cinnamon and sugar inside them. Then, there were others with cherries on top of them. Again, I don't know if that is the traditional way, but it is how my friends preferred to eat them, so I went with it. Much like the crepes I've had before, they can be a bit of a sweet meal.
Much to my surprise, I enjoyed them! I usually don't like sweet food, especially for breakfast. I quite liked the subtle sweetness of the cinnamon and sugar with the thin crepe. It helped greatly that I controlled how much cinnamon and sugar was on them.
I would not consider the ones we made to be enough for a full meal, which is why we had to have other items alongside them. Honestly, that was a bit of a let-down for me. But, I usually don't like to have a large breakfast so maybe I'd fit right in. We had ours for dinner, thus my need for more substance.
All in all, though, I am extremely thankful for my friends' hospitality and willingness to make the Russian pancakes. I don't know about you, guys, but it sure does mean a lot to me when those around me embrace my heritage and identity right alongside me. Or, better yet, in this case, they help me learn even more!
Because, as I've said before, my Russian heritage will always be a part of who I am, even though I don't know much about it or understand it completely. Therefore, I am grateful to anyone who helps me make greater sense of it.
I don't know what Russian food I'll be cooking next or when I will tackle the Russian pancakes recipe myself. But, I do know I want to go to a restaurant that serves Russian food for my birthday. Here's to hoping I can give you all an update about that in the near future!
Regardless, my call to you is this: Be honest about who you are and where you come from. You never know who knows a little something about your heritage. It is a part of you, even in the form of a breakfast item.
Interesting! I didn't know Russian pancakes looked like that! It reminds me of some other Asian dish!
I didn't know they did either! It's incredible how food is unique to so many places.
Right?! Thanks for sharing 🙂 learning something new everyday!


Welcome to our music class where you & your child will bond, have lots of fun, play different instruments, laugh & just have a wonderful time together.
Kindermusik offers a sensory rich environment, complete with music, movement & fun.
You are free to spend our class just enjoying being with your baby.
There are so many new friends to see each week. This is a great place to come & find out what other parents have done to get some sleep or help with teething.
Even at this early age your little one will choose colours & start to remember tunes & rhymes.
Every aspect of our class is a learning opportunity.
All this fun in a 45 minute class.
Your little one's natural curiosity will be excited in our music class with so many instruments to explore, textures, sounds, & movements to enjoy.
A classroom full of baby & adult pairs dancing together helps a little body develop the muscle strength needed to crawl & walk.
Watch your baby fall in love with the sheer joy of responding to music.


Last edited by Mac Hacker on Wed Dec 26, 2007 6:40 pm, edited 3 times in total.
Extra Info/Comments: I posted this because The Other did not have any Tags. Only the Mod2.
Description:a scenery of the halo from the UI background.
Extra Info/Comments: there is no collision model. bitmaps should already be in the map u import into. it also works in multiplayer maps, not just UI.
fixed sounds, effects, whpi, weapon, et-cetera.
Extra Info/Comments: it comes in 2 versions. explosive and not-explosive.
(i'm not sure about it, but it's possible that a sound may not work properly after the PMI, anyway i found a way to fix it.
it's like a rocket launcher, but shoots carrots.
Description: if sniped, this rocket will explode.
and that's all! easy as a pizza!
Description: Music from the b30.map demo map.
Preview: Inside each music tag folder is an .mp3 preview I made in-game (you'll notice the "Capture the Flag" voice at the beginning of each sound preview).
Extra Info/comments: To use these music tags, import them (Demo Hack to full, import recursive on the lsnd tag in HHK -- no need to import meta -- ) and then go under dependancy swapper in HMT and click on the sbsp tag. It will take a long time to load this tag, but at the bottom should be a reference to the lsnd that you can swap with the newly-imported tag.
Bugs: Every time you respawn, the music restarts with you. This means if you restart the game constantly, it will sound really bad until each snd! dependancy finishes and the lsnd file loops again. Note that this is not a problem in converted CE maps that have their sounds internalized.
P.S. A note from Kayar. Thanks, Kayar!
Kayar wrote: ^ Well, crapzorz. Yes I know I'm not supposed to post in here without posting a goddamn tag.
Sparks, now I'll never be able to release my Alternate Music Pack Volume 2.
When making and testing the alternate music pack, The Drop, and Legacy, I found that going into the lsnd tag, finding "Ambience_bloodgulch" and swapping it with, say, "rr2," or any of the other snd! tags, gets you flawless music in bloodgulch.
Eschaton has a "stops music" flag, but that doesn't work to solve the problem - and if you mean swapping the snd! tags within each loop tag, I haven't gotten that to work flawlessly, either. Even switching out of the application and coming back restarts the lsnd.
Last edited by Sparky on Mon Aug 18, 2008 9:58 am, edited 3 times in total.
Description: A new covenant stationary turret vehicle that allows aiming at a much wider angle.
Extra Info/comments: Instructions are included.
In Eschaton -> Main Data -> vehi -> c gun turret_mp -> Seat -> Floating Point Numbers, the HUD limits should be set to - and + 1.570796, which is half of pi (pi = 180 degrees here). This should allow you to aim at up to a 90-degree angle up and down. You can change the aiming limits therewith.
Description: Use grenades to spawn other things!
You can do some really cool things with these tags, like give yourself infinite grenades and rotating grenade types. All changes are CSS, unless you have the grenades spawn scen objects. Even spawning bipds is CSS.
P.S. Can I use anyone's tags from here in my Incyclopedia mod reference file?
Description: it is the Spiker from my old mod Quarantine. With Eschaton i have renamed all the tags so that you can have the Spiker and all the original weapons in the same map with no problems. ^_^ I have also fixed some model issues and created a new HUD for it.