There are now over 2.7 billion active accounts on social media, which makes up 74% of all internet users. With stats like these, it's clear that social media has come to dominate the online space. If you don't create a social media presence for your blog, you're confining yourself to a corner of the internet rather than participating in the larger conversation around you.
Fortunately, it's easier than ever to use social media as a marketing platform. This is particularly true if you're using WordPress, since the platform gives you access to plenty of helpful plugins. If you take the time to do a little research, develop a clear plan of action, and find the right supporting tools, you'll able to market your content and foster reader engagement with confidence.
In this article, we'll discuss what social media can do for you, then walk you through four steps to create a social media presence for your WordPress blog. Let's get started!
It should come as no surprise that more people are using social media now than ever before.
For example, in the U.S., the percentage of the population using one or more social media sites has risen from 7% to 65% over the past decade. The figures are even higher when you filter out those who don't use the internet at all.
Promoting your blog posts through social media gives you access to a wider audience.
Increasing engagement. Social media enables readers to comment on, add to, and share your content, which will strengthen their connection to it.
Bringing in new traffic. Instead of relying on new readers to find you through search engines, you can attract them via social media shares.
Improving your recognition and authority. Seeing your content appear all across the internet will encourage people to view your blog as prominent and reliable.
With benefits like these, how can you afford to not create a social media presence? Of course, the fact you run a WordPress blog already gives you a lead on the competition. Using WordPress gives you access to a variety of useful social media tools, some of which we'll discuss in greater detail below.
Now you understand the importance of creating your own social media presence, it's time to find out how. The following four steps are those you can begin taking right away.
There are a lot of social media platforms, many of which are widely used. The top five sites – Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Twitter, and Reddit – each have between 250 million and 2 billion monthly visitors. In an ideal world, you would be able to share your content on all of these platforms.
Facebook is still by far the most popular social media platform.
However, time and resource constraints will likely prevent you from doing that. Instead, you're best off narrowing in on a few key networks where you can focus your efforts. If you haven't done so already, you'll want to start by defining your target audience.
After that, you'll need to figure out which platforms your audience uses the most. These are the social media networks that will bring the highest returns on your investment. There are a number of ways to find this information, including online research, demographic data, and surveys of your existing readers.
The social media sites your audience prefers should become your primary targets. However, it's also worth considering the most popular platforms as well. Even if your audience doesn't seem to spend a lot of time on Facebook, its near two billion users are still worth reaching out to if you have the time.
If you followed the advice in the first step, you should now have a shortlist of social media networks to target with your content. However, you don't want to spend a lot of time doing so. You already work hard creating content for your blog, and manually sharing it is hardly the most efficient use of your time.
Revive Old Post enables you to automate sharing your content on social media sites.
The solution to this dilemma is automation. You can use your blog's content to create a social media presence by sharing it to your target networks automatically. What's more, as a WordPress user, you can do this quite easily with plugins. There's a social media automation plugin available for almost any platform, although you'll want to take care with your selections and make sure you're choosing reliable options.
If you're not sure where to start, Jetpack is a solid choice that will take care of sharing your content on several of the most popular social media sites. We also recommend our own Revive Old Post and Revive Network plugins, which will share your own blog posts and relevant third-party content respectively. Both are simple to use, and will help you generate more traffic with little effort on your part.
Of course, there are also non-plugin tools that are worth checking out. For example, Buffer enables you to schedule social media posts in advance – while you do have to add content yourself, it automates the posting of your content.
As we mentioned earlier, social media is all about promoting conversation. It's a two-way street, so you don't want to stop at simply sharing your own content. In one study, 71% of consumers said if they had a positive social media experience with a particular brand, they would recommend it to other people.
Therefore, the real goal is to encourage your audience to become active participants and do some of the marketing work for you. You'll need to provide them with the tools they need to share your content themselves. Once again, the best way to do this is with plugins.
There are many different plugins that enable you to add social media sharing buttons to your site. Monarch, for example, lets you put social icons in your sidebar and widget areas. However, this plugin requires a membership, so you might also consider Easy Social Share Buttons For WordPress, which offers a lot of features for a fairly low price. Finally, if you chose to pick up Jetpack to automate your content sharing, it also features a simple way to add social media icons to your site.
If you followed the previous three steps, you'll be well positioned to share your content via social media and encourage your readers to do the same. However, there's one final piece of the puzzle – remaining a part of the ongoing conversation. Rather than simply sharing your posts and forgetting about them, it's a smart idea to watch your chosen social media platforms and respond to readers' comments.
Responding to reader comments, concerns, and questions is vital.
Engaging with your audience this way fosters strong relationships, and is expected by social network users. In fact, in one study, about a quarter of those surveyed responded that if their responses on social media sites were ignored, they would feel less brand loyalty, be less likely to use a company's products or services, and be more likely to switch to a competitor.
Respond as quickly as possible. Most social media users expect to wait 4 hours or less to hear back from you.
Reply to as many people as you can. Everyone wants to feel heard, so you're better off composing short responses to a lot of users rather than long responses to only a few.
Remain positive. Even when replying to negative feedback or criticism, aim to keep the conversation from turning into a conflict.
We won't pretend it doesn't take some work to create and maintain a strong social media presence. However, if you keep at it and remain a consistent part of the conversation surrounding your content, you'll be building a relationship with your audience that will result in numerous benefits.
In the U.S. alone, more than 76% of Facebook users are active on the network daily.
That's why social media platforms can be a goldmine for any blog owner. They can help you find new readers, and foster deeper connections with your existing audience. Sharing your content across social media (along with encouraging participation and engagement) helps position your blog at the center of the conversation.
Choose the right platforms to focus on.
Select the right automation tools.
Add sharing buttons to your site.
Remain an active part of the conversation.
Do you have any questions about how to use social media to share and market your content? Ask away in the comments section below!
The information in this article is quite comprehensive and helpful. It's great to have the posting time already planned and scheduled especially for bloggers and online marketers though. I would like to recommend the use of social media management tools in order to ensure efficiency in this regard. The one that i have been using for my blogs is Social Champ-a one-stop place to create, post, schedule, and analyze all of your social media efforts – eliminating the monotonous task of having to switch tabs between dozens of accounts. It enables you to have a controlled stream of all your blogs, promotional/awareness campaigns, print advertisements and a lot more on different networking channels at the same time. It is the first tool that allows you to automate the repetition of your posts according to your self-designed schedule in order to reinforce your marketing strategy and maximize the number of views.


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US delegation to meet Taliban in first high-level talks: officials
The high-level US delegation will include officials from the State Department, USAID and the US intelligence community, and will press the Taliban to ensure continued safe passage for US citizens and others out of Afghanistan, the officials say.
A US delegation will meet with senior Taliban representatives in Doha on Saturday and Sunday in their first face-to-face meeting at a senior level since Washington pulled its troops from Afghanistan and the group took over the country, two senior administration officials have told Reuters.
The high-level US delegation will include officials from the State Department, USAID and the US intelligence community, will press the Taliban to ensure continued safe passage for US citizens and others out of Afghanistan and to release kidnapped US citizen Mark Frerichs, the officials said.
Another top priority will be to hold the Taliban to its commitment that it will not allow Afghanistan to again become a hotbed for Al Qaeda or other militants while pressing the group to improve access for humanitarian aid as the country faces the prospect of a "really severe and probably impossible to prevent" economic contraction, US officials said.
READ MORE: Taliban warns against isolating Afghanistan, ready for talks
'Any legitimacy must be earned through the Taliban's own actions'
US Special Representative Zalmay Khalilzad, who has for years spearheaded US dialogue with the Taliban and been a key figure in peace talks with the group, will not be part of the delegation.
The US team will include the State Department's Deputy Special Representative Tom West as well as top USAID humanitarian official Sarah Charles. On The Taliban side, cabinet officials will be attending, officials said.
"This meeting is a continuation of the pragmatic engagements with the Taliban that we've had ongoing on matters of vital national interest," said a senior administration official, speaking on the condition of anonymity.
"This meeting is not about granting recognition or conferring legitimacy. We remain clear that any legitimacy must be earned through the Taliban's own actions. They need to establish a sustained track record," the official said.
US-allied Afghans at risk
The United States' two decades-long occupation of Afghanistan culminated in a hastily organised airlift in August which saw more than 124,000 civilians including Americans, Afghans and others being evacuated as the Taliban took over. But thousands of other US-allied Afghans at risk of Taliban persecution were left behind.
Washington and other Western countries are grappling with difficult choices as a severe humanitarian crisis looms large over Afghanistan. They are trying to formulate how to engage with the Taliban without granting it the legitimacy it seeks while ensuring humanitarian aid flows into the country.
Many Afghans have started selling their possessions to pay for ever-scarcer food.
The departure of US-led forces and many international donors robbed the country of grants that financed 75% of public spending, according to the World Bank.
While there was an improvement for humanitarian actors get access to some areas that they haven't been in a decade, problems still persisted, the US official said, adding that the US delegation would press Taliban to improve.
"Right now, we are facing some real access issues….There are a lot of challenges in ensuring that female aid workers are provided unimpeded access to all areas," the official said and added that Washington needed to see an improvement by the Taliban on this front "if we are to contemplate even more robust humanitarian assistance."
READ MORE: UN agency warns Afghanistan at risk of 'imminent' famine
Pressure on women's rights
While the Taliban has promised to be more inclusive than when it led the country from 1996 to 2001, the United States has repeatedly said it will judge the new Taliban government based on its deeds not its words.
The Taliban drew from its inner high echelons to fill top posts in Afghanistan's new provisional government announced last month, including an associate of the group's founder as premier and a wanted man on a US terrorism list as interior minister. There were no outsiders and no women in the cabinet.
The European Union foreign policy chief said on Sunday its behaviour up to now was "not very encouraging."
"We will certainly press the Taliban to respect the rights of all Afghans including women and girls and to form an inclusive government with broad support," the US official said.
READ MORE: Taliban-run Kabul municipality orders female workers to stay home
He added that there were discrepancies between the Taliban's promises of continued safe passage and implementation.
"As a practical matter, their implementation of their commitments have been uneven. It is true that sometimes we receive assurances from certain levels but then follow through on those assurances has truly been uneven," the official said.
The United States has directly facilitated the departure of 105 US citizens and 95 lawful permanent residents out of Afghanistan since August 31, when US withdrawal was completed, State Department spokesperson Ned Price said on Thursday.
He declined to provide a precise figure for those remaining, but said the agency was in contact with "dozens of Americans in Afghanistan who wish to leave" but that the number was dynamic and constantly changing.
READ MORE: Moscow invites Taliban to Afghanistan talks
Source: Reuters (www.trtworld.com)
Speaker Nasheed visits Maldives Pavilion.
Over 20 mln fully vaccinated against COVID-19 in Morocco
England has lifted its restrictions implemented in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Speaking at a press conference at Downing Street, Health Secretary Sajid Javad stated that the England will be lifting the restrictions implemented in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic but the legal requirement to self-isolate if tested positive for the virus will continue.
While Health Secretary Sajid Javad stated that it was a major milestone, he also stated that "It's not the end of the road and we shouldn't see this as the finish line because we cannot eradicate this virus and its future variants. Instead we must learn to live with Covid in the same way we have to live with flu".
This has also meant that the work-from-home guidance would be ending with the majority of the nation's workforce reverting to pre-pandemic work schedules. Additionally, students will also be no longer required to wear masks at schools.
Moreover, Prime Minister Boris Johnson has also confirmed that the Government plans to end the legal requirement for positive cases to isolate by late March, but may move the date forward.
The U.S. has also hinted that the pandemic may be heading towards an end. Chief Medical Advisor to the President of the United States, Dr. Anthony Fauci has stated that the Omicron variant may mark the end of the pandemic.
The new Japanese ambassador to the Maldives, Takeuchi Midori has presented her credentials to President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih.
Ambassador Takeuchi Midori presented her credentials to President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih at a special ceremony held earlier today at the President's Office.
Speaking at the ceremony President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih noted on the Ambassador Takeuchi Midori's predecessor Keiko Yanai's work in enhancing bilateral relations between the two nations. President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih expressed hope in continuing to further strengthen the bilateral relations between the two nations under Ambassador Takeuchi Midori tenure.
Ambassador Takeuchi Midori also spoke at the ceremony, noting that this year marks the 55th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the Maldives and Japan. She expressed hope that the two nations would work together on regional and global issues.
China's self-developed C919 large passenger aircraft will be delivered within this year, The Paper reported on Wednesday, citing its developer.
Wu Yongliang, deputy general manager of the Shanghai-based Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC), said the pandemic's impact on the C919 project has been controllable, and the work is progressing in an orderly manner.
American aerospace manufacturer Boeing and France-based Airbus have long been the so-called duopoly in the commercial airline market worth trillions of U.S. dollars.
The C919, as part of China's goal to develop homemade civil airplanes, is trying to rival with medium-range aircraft from the two global giants, such as Airbus's A320 and Boeing's 737 MAX.
C919 has 158 to 168 seats, a standard range of 4,075 kilometers and a maximum range of 5,555 kilometers. It had its successful maiden flight in 2017.
China Eastern Airlines, one of the country's largest airlines also headquartered in Shanghai, signed a contract to buy five C919 jetliners from COMAC in March 2021.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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megalodon tooth vs great white tooth
The largest confirmed great white shark teeth are less than 3 inches long. In fact they were so adapted to tropical and sub-tropical waters they have been found on every continent except Antarctica. It's hard to imagine how a killer as massive and powerful as the megalodon … Compare this to the largest great whites whose teeth top out around 3 inches long. As part of this new study the team examined nine sites around the world and found megalodon teeth representing sharks of different sizes - including juveniles. Megalodon Quiz - Test Your Prehistoric Shark Knowledge. Megalodon tooth size alone shows just how formidable a foe this creature was. Physical features. A megalodon's enormous chomp could bite a small whale in half! Tooth-shape similarities between megalodon and modern great white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) suggest that the two species may have been close relatives, and thus megalodon likely resembled that species in appearance—that is, as … Eat that, Jason Statham! She also said that she has found many. The Megalodon was estimated to reach a maximum size of 50-60 feet while the largest confirmed Great White shark is 21 feet with unconfirmed reports in the 25 foot range. Megalodon teeth have been discovered on every continent except for Antarctica. ... Wildlife Tree Kids Silicone Great White Shark Teeth Costume Accessory. A super-shark that swam in the oceans 2.6 million years ago, megalodon was three times bigger than the largest great white, making the prehistoric fish one of the most fearsome predators of all time. Estimates place the meg at between 15 and 18 metres in length, that's three times longer that the largest recorded great white shark! The teeth are part of the most powerful jaw you can imagine. Real Megalodon Teeth For Sale on FossilEra, Here's another tooth size comparison with a 6 5/8 inch Megalodon tooth, a 3 1/8 inch fossil Great White (they got bigger in the past) and a 1 1/2 inch modern day Great White. Nov 8, 2017 - Explore Jennifer Clark's board "Sharks / Shark Teeth", followed by 284 people on Pinterest. We find megalodon teeth, great white shark teeth, Parotodus, makos, etc. Megalodon is extinct- there is no doubt about that. New Fossils added Nov 26, 2017. Most of our knowledge about megalodon comes from its enormous teeth, which which can reach up to 18cm … Photo Credit: Brandon Zulli, Size comparison of Carcharodon carcharius (Great White), Rhincodon typus (Whale Shark), human and upper and lower estimates for Megalodon sizes. 5.0 out of 5 stars 12. The largest known Megalodon tooth is about 7 3/8 inches in length. All we can say is we're delighted these creatures no longer dwell in the ocean depths. This is the unfortunate result of a feeding frenzy a few million years ago. It was formerly thought to be a member of the family Lamnidae and a close relative of the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias). Drawing licensed under Creative Commons by Matt Martyniuk. great white shark reveals razor-like teeth as it attempts to chomp photographer's camera Fauth's dad got the family interested in searching for shark teeth. Keep reading for some astounding facts about the world's largest predator. Oceans cooled, sea levels dropped and the world underwent drastic climate adjustments. It has been suggested female megalodons may have been twice as large as the males. You can certainly see why this enormous creature was given such an epic name. There are some differences. Six inch megalodon tooth vs two inch great white shark tooth. Also, fossils prove that the megalodon had a flat jaw and much shorter nose. This massive shark is 3 times the size of a great white shark and must have been a truly fearsome predator. The bourlette on the Megalodon tooth below is totally washed out. Megalodon Size: How Big Was The Megalodon Shark? It is said to be extinct now, so The Child was very excited to watch the Shark Week episode about The Megalodon where they were considering the … And search more of iStock's library of royalty-free stock images that features Ancient photos available for quick and easy download. New Collector Quality Megalodon Teeth added July 15, 2020. That makes them three times longer than the biggest known great white shark. 5.5 Inch Megalodon (Carcharodon megalodon) tooth, Ivory Color with Serrations(Replica) 4.5 out of 5 stars 186. The teeth are notable for their size, with the largest samples ever discovered exceeding 7 inches in length! They may have had the most powerful bite in the animal kingdom. $23.99 $ 23. $10.99 $ 10. Estimates place the meg at between 15 and 18 metres in length, that's three times longer that the largest recorded great white shark! The largest megalodon tooth found is about seven inches (17.8cm) long. This giant animal is believed to have big teeth. Its tremendous teeth are almost three times bigger than those of a modern great white shark. For perspective, larger great white shark teeth range in size from 1.5 to 2.5 inches. Megalodon Vs. Great White Tooth Size Side by side in the photo below is a very large Megalodon Tooth at just over 6 inches long and a replica of a near record size Great White tooth at 2 1/2 inches long. Megalodon teeth have been found with the tip broken off after biting into whale bones. iStock Comparison Photograph Fossilized Megalodon Shark Tooth Vs Modern Great White Shark Tooth Stock Photo - Download Image Now Download this Comparison Photograph Fossilized Megalodon Shark Tooth Vs Modern Great White Shark Tooth photo now. The shark had 276 teeth, each growing up to 7 inches long. Steve's Fossil Shark Teeth : Great White Teeth - Megalodon Shark Teeth Reconstructed Shark Jaws Moroccan Shark Teeth Miscellaneous Shark Teeth Gifts Other Fossils For Sale Wholesale Shark Teeth high quality megalodon,great white,miscellaneous,rare,fossil,fossilized,shark teeth,shark jaws The megalodon is supposedly the largest predator to have lived. If you talk about the jaw size, Megalodon shark jaws were lined with 276 teeth and spanned roughly 2.7 to 3.4 meters (9-11 feet) wide, which is more than enough to swallow two adults side-by-side. More information 6 5/8 inch Megalodon tooth, 3 1/8 inch fossil Great White and 1 1/2 inch modern day Great White tooth. Next we move to the enamel with enamel peel being the most common and most brutal flaw to this part of the Megalodon Tooth. Megalodon teeth are very much like a super-sized version of the Great White Shark teeth. These mega-tooth sharks were a giant and more robust version of the great white. Here are some more gnarly facts about this prehistoric Jaws star. On the other hand, the Great White shark jaws … Side by side in the photo below is a very large Megalodon Tooth at just over 6 inches long and a replica of a near record size Great White tooth at 2 1/2 inches long. Each inch equates to about 10 feet of fish: 60-foot megalodon vs 20-foot great white. Megalodon was the largest fish ever known, a designation based on discoveries of hundreds of fossil teeth and a handful of vertebrae. "You're gonna need a bigger boat," would be the understatement of the century. It is also said that megalodon resembled the great white shark in built. It is an awesome tooth at a great price. The largest Megalodon teeth on record reached a staggering 7.5 inches (190mm). Adult great white sharks can vary from 4.5 to 6.4 metres. A woman found a megalodon's tooth while walking her dog. That's right, the megalodon's tooth size was bigger than the largest mobile phones. This one has beautiful enamel and root. This mega-shark is one of the deadliest predators to have lived on our planet. Identities, pronouns and more explained, Denly returns – England Predicted XI for first T20I vs Australia. As you can see there really isn't much of a comparison, it would be hard to confuse the two. They had 276 teeth in 5 rows and like todays sharks shed their teeth throughout their lifetime. FOR SALE: $49: Gt. No wonder the megalodon's teeth are so large. The Megalodon was estimated to weigh as much as 100 tons compared with 3 1/2 tons for the largest Great White. Includes display stand, certificate of authenticity and free US shipping. In prehistoric times it seems size really did matter. Surprisingly, the megalodon and dinosaurs never co-existed. Here's a compilation of shark tooth fossil hunting the dirt roads in Florida! Megalodon teeth have been found all over the world, including North and South America, Europe, Africa, Australia, India and New Zealand. It measures over 4-1/3″ long and over 2-3/4″ wide. See more ideas about shark teeth, shark, teeth. Dinosaurs became extinct 66 million years ago and the earliest megalodon fossils were found in the Miocene Epoch – about 23 million years ago. Megalodon mystery: Mega-shark tooth study shows secrets of apex predators' early years SHARK experts have now revealed more about the early life of the ancient seas' most fearsome predator - … This is a killer large lower Megalodon tooth. New Fossil Whale Teeth added Nov 26, 2017. GRV Media, 18 Mulberry Avenue, Widnes, Cheshire, WA8 0WN, The largest confirmed great white shark tooth is less than three inches long, What does non-binary mean? Megalodon is an extinct species of shark that existed approximately 3.6 million years ago. New Great White Shark Teeth added Oct 9, 2020. The serrations are moderate to strong. CHILEAN This is an upper tooth, a lateral from the side of the shark's mouth, but still near the front of the jaw. Climate change! The meg is believed to have possessed one of the most powerful bites of all time, even more powerful than a T-Rex. 99. FREE Shipping on your first order shipped by Amazon. Megalodon Tooth Size. Megalodon is short for carcharocles megalodon, which means giant tooth in Ancient Greek. As opposed to the great white, a megalodon had very long pectoral fins, like the blue shark. The megalodon's bite force is estimated at about two tons, more than 20 times that of a human. A megalodon's tooth is more than twice as long as that of our modern apex predator, the great white shark. Scientists conducted research and determined that the Megalodon shark jaws can shut with a force that measures up to 18 tons per square inch. You may have seen blockbuster movie The Meg in which humans battle a humongous sea-dwelling creature that's out for blood. However, although teeth have been found in the UK they are extremely rare and of low quality. The megalodon is supposedly the largest predator to have lived. The most notable of these is the darker chevron shaped area between the root and the blade of the tooth. This tooth is tan with orange and white-opal highlights around the sides. But how did the giant shark pull off what may be one of the best disappearing acts of the planet? Fossil evidence reveals the megalodon fed on large prey such as humpback whales, dolphins and even other sharks. I found it diving 40 miles offshore in 100 feet of water. If you're that big you've got to keep up regular snack times. New Angustidens Shark Teeth added May 29, 2019. The megalodon, whose scientific name is Carcharocles megalodon meaning 'giant tooth', was the largest shark to ever be recorded. This would have put a lot of pressure on the megalodon as many of the creatures it relied on for food would have disappeared or decreased. 2 1 4 Gem Grade Modern Great White Shark Tooth Lower Megalodon Serration 6 pics $680.00 ( Bids) Time Remaining: 2h 22m Buy It Now for only: $680.00: Shark Tooth Necklace pendant Great White $55.00 ( Bids) Time Remaining: 3h 7m Buy It Now for only: $55.00: Great White Shark tooth ring on pure silver $449.99 ( Bids) Time Remaining: 6h 16m Have something to tell us about this article? Wow. BRAND NEW SECTION WHOLESALE SHARK TEETH New Miscellaneous Rare Shark Teeth added Oct 11, 2020. May 19, 2014 - A size comparison between teeth of the extinct Megalodon and today's Great White shark. 99. The meg powers past the great white and is about the size and weight of a small train carriage! There have only been a handful EVER found exceeding 7 inches. It turns out the actors were battling a ferocious female! One woman commented that the tooth found by Missy is from a megalodon shark. Copyright © 2020 FossilEra, All Rights Reserved. The largest confirmed great white shark tooth is less than three inches long. What are the effects of domestication on animals? Imagine the final scene of Jaws but with a shark three times the size. Megalodon (Otodus megalodon), meaning "big tooth", is an extinct species of shark that lived approximately 23 to 3.6 million years ago (mya), during the Early Miocene to the Pliocene. The Megalodon tooth is about twice as large as the modern day Great White shark tooth. How will the HS2 railway affect UK wildlife? Megalodon and Great White Similarities Scientists of this theory compare and find similarities between the teeth of Megalodon and the Great White. Enamel peel almost always begins just below the boulette region and works its way down the shark's tooth. New Auriculatus Shark Teeth added Oct 9, 2020. How can you tell the difference between an alpaca and a llama. The largest known Megalodon tooth is about 7 3/8 inches in length. The back is mostly white-opal with some orange highlights. Adult great white sharks can vary from 4.5 to 6.4 metres. Mysterious Extinction.
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megalodon tooth vs great white tooth 2020


PADI now has the option to do your academic work on-line. You will receive an "e-referral" for the academic portion of the course. The on-line version covers Deep, Navigation, Boat, Night, Peak Performance Buoyancy, Naturalist and Wreck (seven dives).
The AOW course requires five dives, but some of the choices are not covered in the on-line course. If you elect to do a dive not covered, you will have access to the AOW manual online and can finish the appropriate knowledge reviews, print them, and bring them with you. Our cost for this option is $190. Instruction must be scheduled in advance, so please let us know as soon as possible.
If you will be taking this course, you need to fill out the Medical Form which can be downloaded here as a pdf file.


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Guest Column | January 6, 2021
Risk-Based Postmarket Surveillance (PMS) In The Age Of EU MDR: Risk-Based Trending
By Jayet Moon, author of the book Foundations of Quality Risk Management
As the central focus of the EU's Medical Device Regulations (MDR), postmarket surveillance (PMS) and its related processes and subsystems have been in the limelight since 2017. This four-part series, using a fresh perspective, takes a bottom-up approach to PMS and starts by elaborating on the state of the art on the incident investigations in Part 1. "Investigations" are the basic iota of the PMS system upon which all further analysis, synthesis, and decision-making is based. With clarity on this most fundamental unit of PMS, a systems approach to both EU MDR and PMS are explored in Part 2. Successful implementation of an effective EU MDR-compliant PMS requires a systems approach which requires appreciation of not only the organizational context within which PMS operates but also the knowledge management as it relates to PMS generated data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. Part 3 focuses on the bedrock of EU MDR: the risk management system. It not only explores the interfaces between risk management and PMS but also discusses the postmarket aspects of risk surveillance and their accomplishments. Part 4 details an important upcoming topic with relevance going beyond EU MDR. Risk-based incident trending for postmarket signal detection is quickly becoming an expectation from most regulatory agencies and EU MDR is one of the first regulations to expressly document this requirement. The regulation asks for a methodology to gauge "statistically significant increases" in a certain subset of postmarket incidents. This article details salient features of any such method such that any chosen tool can act as a postmarket risk monitor and, if used right, can also convert the lagging indicator of complaints and incidents into a leading key risk indicator. Key risk indicators can help establish preemptive preventive actions before benefit-risk profile can be adversely impacted.
"Trending" postmarket incidents has often been a topic of some debate since very little official guidance exists in this regard. Until 2017, regulatory bodies only implicitly expected trending as part of postmarket data analysis. For example, FDA, does not mention trending in CFR 820.198 but does expect "analysis" (which the FDA does not define and seems open-ended depending on the context) with appropriate statistical tools, where applicable, in accordance with 820.198 and 820.100. My conversations with FDA revealed that it has seen far too often the misuse of statistics by manufacturers in an effort to minimize instead of address the problem. Such misuse of statistics would be considered a violation of these sections in the U.S. regulation. Hence, the foremost aim of the trending process is the same aim as that of the PMS system: to actively assist in monitoring and betterment of quality, safety, and performance of the device, where necessary, by corrective and preventive actions.
EU MDR is one of the world's first regulations to not only require trending per Article 88 in an explicit manner but also require reporting of statistically significant increase in certain trends. Don't see this as a regulatory burden. Instead, it adds "trending" to the data analysis tool chest of the medical device manufacturer to be used as a postmarket, post-production risk tracker, risk monitor, and decision-guiding tool.
This article will discuss the salient features of a sound risk-based trending process and methodology, and will also discuss what to look for in a trend analysis. The risk basis of a trending process derives from:
How does the trending tool, method, and methodology interface with risk management?
How does the trended metric act as a risk indicator?
How does the threshold (and excursion thereof) of the tool for the trending process interface with the risk management process?
How does the trending process incorporate frequency and severity of postmarket incidents?
The aim of the trending system is to detect signals. These signals should be readily understood by the risk management function such that any change in benefit-risk can become immediately apparent. It is important to take time to develop the trending methodology and at the same time ensure that the metric(s) to be trended can be readily accepted and understood by the risk management function. Your postmarket trending process should have very clear interfaces defined with the organizational risk management system.
The trending process comprises the following four steps:
Establishing metric(s) to trend (e.g., Key Risk Indicator[s])
Establishing baselines
Understanding the signals, threshold, and triggers
Investigating and reporting the excursion
Establishing The Metric(s)
The raw data to be gathered for trending are the number of events in a given time interval and the related used product volume in the market during that time interval. A data point is calculated for each time interval and can be defined as the observed incidence expressed in absolute gross count or as a ratio, percentage, or fraction. This becomes the trended metric. Metrics are almost always a function of time. In some cases, trending might also be initiated for clinical findings or other variables such as age, weight, gender of patients and other demographics. The trended metric should be treated as a key postmarket risk indicator.
What Is A KRI?
A KRI is a metric that provides a leading or lagging indication of the current state of risk exposure on key objectives. KRIs can be used to continually monitor and assess the current and predict future risk exposure.1 Through incoming PMS data, you can trend gross complaint intake, rate of malfunctions, outcomes, part/components issue, frequency of harms and health effects, etc. Continuous assessment of these indicators and monitoring their distance from the threshold levels can provide great insights into the risk profile as it changes due to real-world events.
A baseline is a line serving as a basis used for comparison and is one of known measure or position used to calculate or locate distance or difference of current data over historical data. In complaint incident trending, when graphical techniques such as time series and control charts are used, the horizontal reference line (the center line, usually an average over certain months) serves as a good baseline. In a risk-based approach to trending, compare the difference of this average (real-world rate) to the predetermined level in the risk documents and take action to align the two. The occurrence of harms, hazardous situations, and failure modes can be easily trended and compared with the risk file in this manner. When establishing baseline, give due consideration to the trending time interval.
The typical number of events in a given time interval will vary depending upon the type of metric and may range from one or two events to hundreds or thousands. The chosen time interval should be long and rational enough to gather sufficient data for the analysis depending upon the volume of products used/sold and incidents reported. At the same time, the time interval should be short enough to facilitate timely corrective action, especially in case of high-risk products. Some manufacturers (based on the volume of incidents) can choose to chart the metric daily and review the signals weekly to keep a tighter pulse on trends and reduce the "lag" between real-world event, charting, analysis, and action.
Understanding Signals, Thresholds, And Triggers
A signal is an observable change in a quality of a phenomenon and contains information regarding the phenomenon. A signal usually displays some variation that can be analyzed to gain information about the nature of change in the phenomenon it is supposed to represent. Here, the phenomenon refers to the postmarket behavior of the medical device. The chosen trended metric and signal should be able to represent this behavior as closely as possible. The upper value of the normal range of variation that specifies the trending is called the threshold. Once the signal breaches the threshold, we arrive at a trigger condition.
What Are Trigger Conditions And Why Should They Be Monitored?
Trigger conditions occur when a set threshold or boundary for complaint or incident levels is breached. The main aim of trend monitoring and tracking is to assess the complaint/incident level (baseline) with respect to the threshold to check for a statistically significant excursion (trigger). The most common and obvious trigger conditions are pre-established occurrence rates, severity (impact) levels, and corresponding risk levels (in failure mode and effects analyses [FMEAs] or other risk documents). It may not always possible to reassess each and every risk per complaint or per event. In such cases, the metric (the KRI, e.g., number of complaints per week) should have an upper and a lower threshold, whose breach may guide us toward a more thorough and complete risk reassessment. If the KRI is a chart of discrete events on a time series, then a three-sigma standard deviation from the historical mean may be an example of the threshold. If the indicator breaches the set sigma limit, it may warrant a full risk reassessment and the associated analysis.
In addition, the level of attention a KRI generates can be divided per the level of the breach. For example, a two-sigma breach can be a local functional threshold, a three-sigma breach can be the site management threshold, and a four-sigma breach can be a top management threshold. This can help decide urgency or action and direct proper resources toward the future actions for change in risk exposure.
To monitor the trigger condition, you must not only establish a threshold but also detail the response after its breach. The response to excursion always starts with an investigation. The action may be as simple as a specific product-level risk reassessment or more detailed risk cluster review. Signal detection is just the beginning. The procedure for trending and risk management should define action loops upon discovery of a bona fide signal. Trending should interface with the corrective and preventive action (CAPA) system and risk management system at the same time.
An example of a trend chart that includes occurrence and harms (severity) is the J chart shown below:
Figure 1: A J chart that includes occurrence rate and harm2
A J chart is nothing but a U control chart with three sigma upper and lower control limits for a particular failure mode. The distinguishing feature of this chart is the addition of trendlines for various harms. Thus, in one time series, you can examine the occurrence rate of the failure mode as well as the trends of occurrence of various harms resulting from the failure mode. This can be combined with the risk levels by risk reassessments at appropriate times as seen below:
Figure 2: A J chart with a risk-tracking matrix
When trending postmarket incidents, the biggest challenge is making sense of the signal so that targeted and specific action can be taken to improve the safety and performance of the product. Depending on the metric and trending technique, various levels of secondary processing might be needed to get to the actual meat of the signal. A way to do this is through stratification. ASQ defines stratification as the act of sorting data into distinct groups or layers. It is a technique used in combination with other data analysis tools. When data from a variety of sources or categories have been lumped together, the meaning of the data can be difficult to see. This data collection and analysis technique separates the data so that patterns can be seen and is considered one of the seven basic quality tools.
The need for stratification arises due to the nature of KRI or metric or trending process. For example, if the gross complaint rate is trended using a time series chart, this data includes complaints for all failure modes, all hazards, and all harms. If the threshold is breached, it could be for any one or two specific types of the above listed issues. Stratification here means separately analyzing the cause of the excursion of the trended metric, e.g., which failure mode is causing the uptick in trend? Or which harm is the most common outcome due to excursion as result of a certain hazardous situation?
Before trending data, brainstorm which information about the sources of the data might have a confounding effect on the signal. Set up the trending system such that the signal will be as close to the risk management metrics (i.e., occurrence rates of failure mode, hazardous situations, or harms) in the risk files.
Analyze the subsets of stratified data separately. For example, as shown below, stratification helps in resolving the signal into its source components. You can then check the sources in terms of their contribution to the signal. After this filtering step, compare the stratified levels of occurrence to the risk management file and take appropriate action.
Figure 3: Trend investigation and stratification
ISO 20416:2020 mentions that there may be three types of changes that can be indicated by a trend analysis:
A deviation sudden and significant enough to be classified as an excursion from normally varying limits of trends
Consistent, repeated deviations or continuous drifting of values toward a new baseline
Cyclical trends
All serious adverse events are already expected to be reported to the regulatory authorities. Per new manufacturer incident report forms, you must report sales/batch volumes along with annual gross complaint numbers. The aim of this is for the regulatory authorities to keep track of failure and adverse event rates themselves. However, the non-reported incidents can also affect device risk profile.
The cumulative non-serious, expected events/effects can also impact benefit-risk and are the ones that we should pay close attention to during trending.
EU MDR Article 88 expressly directs the company to report a trend if all the following conditions are satisfied:
The presence of a statistically significant increase in frequency or severity
The trend involves non-serious incidents or undesirable side events
This statistically significant increase could have impact on benefit-risk
Significant increase should not be only statistically defined but also compared against the predefined level in the risk file, so it is important that the trended metrics and risk files speak a common language. Finally, the regulation says there should be a documented process for establishing this statistically significant increase.
Figure 4: Article 88 from EU MDR
Some guidance on the definition of "significant increase" comes from GHTF-SG2-N36-R7:2003. While this document is slightly old (2003) and it is guidance for trending adverse events rather than non-serious events, the fundamentals are sound and can be used for trending across the board. It identifies "significant increase" as:
A rapid and continuous increase of the trended metric over a limited number of time intervals for high-volume products (e.g., over 1–3 months)
A slow and continuous increase of the trended metric over a large number of time intervals for low-volume products (e.g., over 3–6 months)
GHTF-SG2-N36-R7:2003 also introduces an important concept called range of variance (RoV), which applies to many trending tools. Normal RoV is simply the space within which the trended metric is expected to operate when the variance is common, normal, and acceptable, i.e., the space between pre-established thresholds. This is shown in Figures 5 and 6 below, which are directly reproduced from the guidance document.
Figure 5: RoV and upward shift of baseline and threshold. Image courtesy of the Global Harmonization Task Force Study Group 2.
Breach of normal RoV creates a trigger condition and should be investigated. At the same time, a well-functioning PMS and CAPA system will result in targeted improvement, which will decrease certain postmarket incidents and will lead to new lower baselines of complaints and lower normal RoV. Thus, trending can also act as a great tool for verification of effectiveness of CAPAs. It is important to adjust thresholds as new lower baselines are established.
Figure 6: Effect of improvements of baseline and RoV. Image courtesy of the Global Harmonization Task Force Study Group 2.
In conclusion, it is safe to say that trending postmarket incidents is a specific science that depends largely on the organizational context. There is no "one size fits all" tool for trending, but the underlying fundamentals detailed in this article are simple and universally applicable. While trending is a new regulatory requirement, it's not a new science. Many medical device companies, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory bodies have had mature trending approaches for years. Outside of the healthcare fields, technical trend analysis in the stock market is quite pervasive, and even the famous Baldrige criteria of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award identifies trending as one of the four factors used to evaluate organizational results.
Trending is like keeping a pulse on your product, service, processes, or systems, depending on the metric you choose. The pulse will vary within normal limits for a stable process, but if it sometimes goes above normal range, you made need an intervention to bring it back to stability. Once stability is established, you can adjust baselines to reflect improvement or positive outcomes from CAPAs. In this regard, continual checking of trends and their direction of movement can be an excellent aggregate graphical snapshot of things as they were (the past state), things as they are (the current state), and predictor of things to come (the future state), and at the same time, act as a preventive risk monitor.
The author thanks the following two colleagues for input:
Angelina Hakim, founder and CEO of Qunique, a quality and regulatory consultancy based in the European Union
Veronica Cavendish-Stephens, vice president of quality and risk management of Auchincloss-Stephens, a global firm specializing in quality risk management solutions.
J. Moon, "Theory and Application of J Charts for Holistic Risk Based Statistical Adverse Event Trending," Int. J. Health Econ. Devel. 4 (1), 9–31 (2018).
J. Moon, Foundations of Quality Risk Management (ASQ Quality Press, Milwaukee, WI, 2020).
Jayet Moon earned a master's degree in biomedical engineering from Drexel University in Philadelphia and is a Project Management Institute (PMI)-Certified Risk Management Professional (PMI-RMP). Jayet is also a Chartered Quality Professional in the UK (CQP-MCQI). He is also an Enterprise Risk Management Certified Professional (ERMCP) and a Risk Management Society (RIMS)-Certified Risk Management Professional (RIMS-CRMP). He is a doctoral candidate at Texas Tech University in systems and engineering management. His new book, Foundations of Quality Risk Management, was recently released by ASQ Quality Press. He holds ASQ CQE, CQSP, and CQIA certifications.
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From Dunphys Campground walk down Carlon Creek, cross Breakfast Creek and up Blackhorse Ridge, Mobbs Swamp and onto Mt Dingo to camp near Splendour Rock. Splendour Rock has one of the most spectacular views in the Blue Mountains (just my opinion). The next day return on the Eastern side of Mt Dingo, Mt Merrimerrigal, Mt Warrigal, down Blackhorse Gap, Medlow Gap and walk the fire trail back to Dunphys.


Learn about what makes Kansas City Barbecue so special, get recipe inspiration from some super unique barbecue dishes, and learn where to eat the tastiest BBQ in Kansas City!
We both love NFL games & tailgates, and the Kansas City Chiefs are having a stellar season. We intentionally planned to visit a to Kansas City during a Chiefs game in order to experience the fanfare and stadium food. Here's what you need to know about arriving to the stadium, tailgating, and most importantly, the best things to eat!
New Orleans: a city filled with history, culture, Southern food and its fair share of ghost stories! There is something so special about the charming architecture and brass band music filling the streets of Nola. Cuisine from "the big easy" is big and heavy. Most regional dishes include seafood pulled right from the gulf. Food is often deep fried and commonly has a Cajun kick. Sounds pretty awesome, right!?! Click to learn about the best food in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Fes, Morocco is famous for their medina, a massive community of small cobblestone alleys loaded with riads, Moroccan lodging, as well as souks, which are Arab marketplace vendors. It is home to the oldest Medina in the whole wide world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The medina is incredible, but can be really intimidating. If you're thinking of traveling to Morocco, this post is a must-read!
Recently we took a long weekend road trip to Hot Springs, Arkansas. This cute little town is filled with history and charm. It is the perfect place to relax and recharge in their famous hot springs. Take a peek at what to do and where to eat in Hot Springs!
We are lucky enough to live in a city FILLED with amazing breweries! Whether you are visiting Austin, Texas for a long weekend or are an ATX-native, this guide will help point you to the best breweries in town! We combined our personal favorites with some recommendations curated from the Oros recommendation app to create this guide for the beer-lover in Austin.
Marrakech was the most progressive city we encountered in Morocco. The city is filled with a lively medina, lots of food stands, and the gardens of Yves Saint Laurent. We gathered together the best things to do and the best places to stay in our travel guide to Marrakech, Morocco.


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JAMA Surgery
Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Image of the Month—Quiz Case
Joshua L. Chan, MD; Howard Silberman, MD
Author Affiliations: Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Arch Surg. 2012;147(9):887-887. doi:10.1001/archsurg.2011.1267a
A 63-year-old man had a history of stage IV metastatic melanoma arising from the back and subsequently metastatic to the cervical nodes, brain, and stomach. Metastatic lesions were managed with chemobiotherapy, interleukin 2, gamma-knife radiotherapy, and partial gastrectomy, rendering the patient free of disease for 8 years. Surveillance staging revealed lesions on his gallbladder with increased signal on positron emission tomography. Computed tomography demonstrated abnormal frondlike gallbladder wall nodularity with eccentric masses within the gallbladder lumen (Figure 1). The patient remained asymptomatic at this time. At cholecystectomy, the gallbladder was distended but had no external abnormalities. However, diffuse superficial mucosal nodularity was observed. More than 85% of the gallbladder mucosal surface was covered with more than 100 tan to black irregularly shaped polypoid lesions that ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 cm in diameter (Figure 2). Areas of grossly unaffected gallbladder mucosa were tan and velvety. The patient tolerated the procedure and recovered without incident.
Figure 1. Computed tomographic scan of the abdomen demonstrating multiple intraluminal masses (arrow) arising from the gallbladder wall.
Figure 2. Gross specimen of the gallbladder, weighing 124.9 g and measuring 13.0 × 6.4 × 4.1 cm. No specific lesions or ulcerations were seen on the serosal surface. The gallbladder contained more than 50 small black multifaceted stones, varying from 0.1 to 0.2 cm in diameter. More than 85% of the gallbladder mucosal surface was covered with approximately 100 tan to black irregularly shaped polypoid lesions ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 cm in diameter. To convert inches to centimeters, multiply by 2.54.
What Is the Diagnosis?
A. Cholelithiasis
B. Metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder
C. Primary adenocarcinoma
D. Gallbladder polyps
Melanoma Radiology Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hepatobiliary Disease
Chan JL, Silberman H. Image of the Month—Quiz Case. Arch Surg. 2012;147(9):887–887. doi:10.1001/archsurg.2011.1267a
Get the latest from JAMA Surgery


Thanks for your interest in Nectar Sleep Dreamcloud!
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Nectar Sleep Dreamcloud – Is It Worth the Convenience?
The bed plays a vital role in the high quality of our rest. Accustomed to a hurt shoulder or hip when you get up in the adhering to day? Exactly how around evening sweats? This is where a top quality bed offers an essential purpose. It makes sure you will certainly have a good evening rest every evening for an energizing mind and body the next morning.
If you're a fan of memory foam mattress and searching for an ideal equilibrium in between support as well as comfort, then the Nectar mattress might be what you require. There are superb features and plenty of benefits you can receive from using it, as well as we will tackle all of them here in our testimonial.
Nectar Sleep, the highly preferred memory foam mattress maker, is the producer of Nectar mattress. It is a completely employee-owned company, with business practices circling hand-crafting cushions and offering directly to customers.
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His fun and quirky recent low flutes quartet titled, 'Quasi Latino,' cleared demonstrates the new compositional direction this composer is willing (and more than able) to explore. With highly interactive motion amongst all the parts and virtuosic phrasing throughout, the work truly demonstrates the abilities of these fine flutes.
The new Concerto will present numerous challenges, such as, orchestration, voicing and flexibility. The bass flute though powerful in tonal quality can become covered in more sensitive, quiet and low register passages. The instrument has a surprisingly strong 3rd octave and can sing like a tenor in that tessiturra.
No date of completion has been given, though the low flutes community will eagerly await the arrival of such a composition from one of Australia's most versatile composers.


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(Xinhua) Ethiopia says it has no information on border restrictions imposed by Eritrea
Ethiopia says it has no information on border restrictions imposed by Eritrea
Source: Xinhua| 2018-12-28 00:53:00|Editor: Mu Xuequan
ADDIS ABABA (Xinhua) -- The Ethiopia Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) said on Thursday it has no information on border restrictions imposed by neighboring Eritrea.
Speaking to local and foreign media outlets, Meles Alem, Spokesperson at MoFA, said the Ethiopian government has no information on reports Eritrea has severely restricted movement of people and goods from Ethiopia to Eritrea.
"I have no information regarding reports Eritrea has restricted movement of people from Ethiopia to Eritrea, I will verify the information and get back to you," said Alem.
Recently, reports coming out of Ethiopia said Eritrea has imposed restrictions on one border point - the Rama-Adi-Quala border crossing.
There has been no immediate remark from Eritrean and Ethiopian officials on the reasons behind the restrictions on Ethiopian travelers planning to cross to Eritrea.
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki re-opened the two countries common border on September 11, more than 20 years after it was shut with the outbreak of bloody war between the two nations.
Ethiopia and Eritrea fought a bloody two-year border war from 1998-2000, leaving an estimated 70,000 people dead from both sides, before a December 2000 Algiers peace agreement ended the war. However, the two countries had remained in a state of armed standoff until recently.
On June 5, the executive committee of the ruling party, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), passed a decision expressing commitment to an unconditional implementation of Algiers peace agreement with Eritrea.
Eritrea gave a positive response to Ethiopia's peace gesture two weeks later, and ever since then a series of rapid diplomatic moves has seen Ahmed and Afwerki visit their respective countries in July, formally ending two decades of mutual animosity.
The rapid diplomatic thaw between the two countries has also seen Ethiopia and Eritrea restore air links, telephone lines, trade routes and re-open their respective diplomatic missions.
Ethiopia says it has no information on border restrictions imposed by ...


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The Seasoning of Elizabella: A Jamestown Bride Story (Paperback)
By Tamera Lynn Kraft
Elizabella can't imagine anything worse than being a Jamestown bride -- but her sister is determined to do just that. On the way to the ship to stop her sister, she witnesses a brutal murder and must flee for her life. She takes refuge on the ship, pretending to be her sister, intending to leave as soon as she is safe. Before she knows it, she is headed for the New World, trapped by desperation and deception.
Miles fled to Jamestown with his family to escape the shame from their father's actions. Tragedy has tested his faith, including the loss of his wife and newborn son. His grief makes him more determined than ever to keep his one remaining brother from following in their father's footsteps.
Will God heal their pain? How can their love grow when Elizabella desires nothing more than to return to London, and Miles desires nothing more than to remain in Jamestown?
Publisher: Mt. Zion Ridge Press
Publication Date: December 1st, 2022
Romance - Historical - American


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Browse: Fauré - Songs (2), Op. 1
Composer: Gabriel Urbain Fauré (1845–1924)
A Musical Zoo
Ashley Riches (bass-baritone), Joseph Middleton (piano)
Riches has the versatility to sound at home in any language or musical idiom. He possesses a natural authority that never has to strive for effect, and his warm, supple bass-baritone is eminently... — BBC Music Magazine, May 2021, 5 out of 5 stars More…
Release Date: 26th Feb 2021
Catalogue No: CHAN20184
Presto Editor's Choice, February 2021
BBC Music Magazine, May 2021, Choral & Song Choice
Fauré: The Complete Songs, Vol. 1
Malcolm Martineau (piano), Ann Murray (mezzo), John Chest (baritone), Iestyn Davies (countertenor), Nigel Cliffe (baritone), Ben Johnson (tenor), Lorna Anderson (soprano), Janis Kelly (soprano), Joan Rodgers (soprano)
This fine start to the cycle more than whets the appetite for future volumes. — BBC Music Magazine, November 2016 More…
Fauré: Songs & Mélodies
Thibaut Lenaerts (tenor), Philippe Riga (piano)
Release Date: 9th Jun 2017
Catalogue No: MU017D
Label: muso
Offer, Fauré & Hahn: French Songs
Rachel Yakar/Claude Lavoix, Claude Lavoix (guitar), Claude Lavoix (piano), Rachel Yakar (soprano vocals)
Label: Erato
Series: de Virgin
Length: 1 hour 51 minutes
Con Amores
Kathleen Kim (soprano), Jong Ho Park (guitar)
Release Date: 14th Dec 2018
Label: Decca
Serate musicali
An evening of song recorded in the music room of Joan Sutherland and Richard Bonynge's home in Switzerland in 1978
Joan Sutherland & Richard Bonynge
Catalogue No: E4757984
Semplice - From beautiful beginnings ...
Works by Mendelssohn, Christie, Marciak, Wilson, Beswick, Street, Naulais, Tchaikovsky, Scott, Louiguy, Ilyinsky, Benjamin, Fauré, Shostakovich, Dvorak, Rachmaninov , Albeniz, Gurewich, Crepin, Balogh, R.R.Bennett, McGarry, Wilson, Heath, Watts and others
Jeffery Wilson (saxophone) & Tim Watts (piano)
Catalogue No: SC4001
Label: Saxophone Classics
The Art of Joan Sutherland
Joan Sutherland (soprano)
Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London Symphony Orchestra, The Academy of Ancient Music, L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande & Welsh National Opera Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Sir Adrian Boult, Christopher Hogwood
Release Date: 8th Nov 2004
Romantic French Arias
Dame Joan Sutherland (soprano), Richard Bonynge (piano)
Orchestre de la Suisse Romande, Members of the Chorus of the Grand Théatre, Geneva, Richard Bonynge
Release Date: 11th Mar 2022
Joan Sutherland: Complete Decca Studio Recitals
Release Date: 3rd Oct 2011
Length: 19 hours 56 minutes


A team of archaeologists from the University of Sheffield is offering new insights into the cultural and biological lives of early farmers who lived in the Czech Republic around 7,500 years ago.
The researchers conducted biochemical and DNA tests on the bones of a sample of 85 early Neolithic farmers found at the Linear Pottery culture cemetery in Vedrovice, Czech Republic. Their findings suggest that these early farmers were indigenous to Central Europe and not migrants from Anatolia and Levant in the Near East, as was previously thought.
The project, which began last year, involves researchers from universities in the UK, Germany and the Czech Republic. The study was designed to investigate both the cultural and biological lives of these people who introduced animal husbandry and agriculture to Western Europe. Through analysis of human bone fragments, the scientists have been able to determine where these people were born, what injuries and illnesses they suffered from, and where and how they died.
The Linear Pottery Ware culture was the major early Neolithic culture in continental Europe, stretching from northern France and Belgium across Germany all the way to southern Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. This type of pottery has been seen as a signature of immigrant farming groups who came up from the south-east and colonized all these regions of Europe, pushing the local hunter-gatherers aside in the process. However, the new research indicates that it was the local hunter-gatherer communities, whose ancestry can be traced back to the local late Palaeolithic, who adopted farming for themselves – through contacts, trade, and partner exchange (e.g. marriage), with the first farmers of south-east Europe.


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Harry's Army
Normandy Landings
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Peter is a director of the General Dynamics Corporation and an adviser to Cyrus Investment Management, a group of engineering companies. He is Chairman of the Policy Exchange, the UK's leading policy think tank, and President of Combat Stress, UK's military mental health charity.
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Aromatherapy is the practice of using oils for physical and psychological healing and well-being. Essential oils, which carry the essence of the plant, are used for inhalation and, with carrier oils, on the skin. Each essential oil has a different quality, and by familiarizing ourselves with their healing properties, we can use them to improve our psychological and physical health. Aromatherapy can help us on our quest for personal growth and self-development, and assist in relieving anxiety and depression.
Put a tealight candle in the bottom section of the burner. Pour water in the bowl section until nearly full. Add a few drops of the essential oil of your choice.
Mix a carrier oil such as almond or jojoba with a fair amount of essential oil drops and place in a jar. Place long rattan sticks in the neck of the jar for a long-lasting frangrance that will fill the room.
Simply add oil and water and flick a switch.
Aromatherapy is often used with massage to enhance relaxation, but can also be used for an invigorating effect.
A few drops of essential oil added to the water in the tub can create a relaxing atmosphere and relieve muscle tension.
Grapefruit: With a sweet, fresh, tart scent, grapefruit essential oil improves attention and helps to clear the mind. It is a popular anti-depressant oil because of its refreshing qualities. High in antioxidants, it is well known for its healing and invigorating qualities. However, it can have adverse affects when used in conjunction with medication. If on medication, please check with your doctor before use.
Jasmine: One of the most popular essential oils, jasmine regulates brain activity that contributes to anxiety and depression. Known for its uplifting properties, it has a warm, floral smell as it is extracted from the jasmine flower.
Ylang-Ylang: Ylang-Ylang oil is distilled from the flowers of the tropical Ylang-Ylang tree, originating from the Philippines. It is known for its sweet, soft scent and is widely used by aromatherapists for promoting feelings of gratefulness, happiness and contentment. In Indonesia the flower is considered particularly romantic and its petals are scattered on a couple's marriage bed.
Clary Sage: Clary Sage oil has been found to reduce stress in a number of different studies. With a fresh, herby scent, it is said to be effective in relieving some symptoms of depression. However, it might not be safe to use during pregnancy or when under the influence of alcohol, so exercise caution in these circumstances.
Rose Geranium: Rose Geranium essential oil has a comforting floral scent and has been found to balance hormonal levels.
Lavender: Distilled from lavender flowers, this essential oil is one of the most popular in relieving anxiety and promoting relaxation and calm. It has over a hundred different properties that work together to slow down the activity of the brain, helping to combat racing thoughts and stress. However in large amounts it acts as a stimulant so take care to use it in moderation.
Bergamot: With a fruity, refreshing scent, Bergamot has very strong anti-depression and anti-anxiety properties. In a study, it was found that both diazepam (a prescribed anxiety medication) and bergamot both reduced corticosterone levels, a hormone closely related to stress.
Roman Chamomile: Chamomile is well known for its relaxing properties, particularly in the form of chamomile tea, and has been used for over 2000 years for its healing powers. It has an pleasant and unusual scent and helps reduce muscle tension, anxiety and stress.
Sandalwood: Extracted from the heartwood of an evergreen tree, sandalwood was found in a study to reduce anxiety in patients with terminal illnesses. This oil smells strongly of wood with hints of sweetness, and is also known as a sleep-aid against insomnia.
Tangerine: Extremely calming due to the aldehydes and esters it contains, tangerine oil also has powerful antioxidants that help to relieve stress.
Try different combinations of the oils with a carrier oil to get different effects. Ensure that before putting any oils on your skin, you try a small area at least 48 hours beforehand to ensure that there is no adverse reaction. This is to test for any allergic reactions and to make sure there is the correct amount of essential oil in the carrier oils. Many essential oils are irritants if used directly on the skin and can damage the eyes. After using them, make sure to wash your hands with soap and water.
Although not able to heal anxiety and depression as the sole form of treatment, aromatherapy is a tool that can help to facilitate self-development by creating an atmosphere that makes personal growth more likely. Simple and easy to do, even for beginners, aromatherapy can make a real improvement to our overall wellbeing.


Why reply when you have NO rebuttal?
Greetings again Apple7, This proves that you are the one with a vivid imagination.
Why repeat the obvious? I was also disengaging due to the desire to spend more time on our Bible Class on Isaiah, rather than spend so much time on repeating the same matter on this forum. During our holidays I spent an interesting time on the class a fortnight ago, and benefited when one of our senior presenters spoke on Isaiah 44. Tomorrow will be Isaiah 45 and I have not done any preparation or revision. On Sunday afternoon I had 8 forum replies to respond to, and I chose to reply to only 2. I do not think that all of us make much progress in understanding in these forums, but I really appreciate the benefit of our Bible Classes. I do not know how you make notes, but I make notes on the Logos 7 program. I thoroughly revised my notes for Isaiah 44 before the class, but have not looked at Isaiah 45 notes as yet. One thing is that I update the notes to the new format that highlights the actual Bible words that are being commented upon. Have you done much study and exposition on Isaiah apart from you specialisation on the Trinity?
Greetings again Apple7, Why repeat the obvious? I was also disengaging due to the desire to spend more time on our Bible Class on Isaiah, rather than spend so much time on repeating the same matter on this forum. During our holidays I spent an interesting time on the class a fortnight ago, and benefited when one of our senior presenters spoke on Isaiah 44. Tomorrow will be Isaiah 45 and I have not done any preparation or revision. On Sunday afternoon I had 8 forum replies to respond to, and I chose to reply to only 2. I do not think that all of us make much progress in understanding in these forums, but I really appreciate the benefit of our Bible Classes. I do not know how you make notes, but I make notes on the Logos 7 program. I thoroughly revised my notes for Isaiah 44 before the class, but have not looked at Isaiah 45 notes as yet. One thing is that I update the notes to the new format that highlights the actual Bible words that are being commented upon. Have you done much study and exposition on Isaiah apart from you specialisation on the Trinity?
Isaiah is all about The Son and The Trinity.
Declare and bring near; yea, let them consult together. Who has revealed this of old; who has told it from then? Is it not I, Yahweh? And there is no God other than Me; a just God and a Savior; there is none except Me. Turn to Me and be saved, all the ends of the earth; for I am God, and there is no other. I have sworn by Myself, The Word has gone out of My mouth (Son) in Righteousness (Holy Spirit), and shall not return, that to Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear. He shall say, Only in Yahweh (Father) do I have Righteousness(Holy Spirit) and Strength(Son); to Him he comes; and they are ashamed, all who are angry with Him.
•	Phil 2 quotes Isa 45 – which declares that The Word has proceeded from The Mouth of Yahweh – a clear epithet for the Second Person of The Trinity.
•	Isa 45 quotes Yahweh, in the first-person singular, as He declares that every knee will bow to Him, and every tongue confess to Him, and Him alone, as He is the only God, there is no other.
•	Compare to Phil 2, which openly describes The Second Person of The Trinity, The Word of God, same as called in Isa 45, as being equal to God, and is worshiped.
•	Further, Isa 45 is in the context of The Trinity, as declared by the epithets for Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
I appreciate your input. I am very conscious of the fact that Philippians 2 quotes from Isaiah 45, but I was convinced that you would see this chapter from a Trinitarian perspective. I do not think our expositor would agree with you or even mention this in any way. It is certainly not all about the Trinity, but about the One God the Father and His Son, our Lord Jesus Christ Philippians 2:10-11.
I asked whether you have done much study and exposition on Isaiah apart from a Trinitarian perspective. There was an amusing advertisement on TV some years ago in Australia, possibly adapted from a UK or USA ad. There was a funeral director or member who used to be very quiet but attended many social events in his familiar funeral clothes. He used to talk about funerals, and he was equipped with his tape measure to check the size of the coffin needed of the various people that were in the social event. Then one day he discovered the major city newspaper, with a different segment each day, on travel, on business, on the arts, movies and other sections. After reading he could mix freely in company and he became the centre of the social scene.
I have had some time to revise some of my notes on Isaiah 45, but only on the first few verses and the chapter breakup. So far I have been interested in Cyrus, not the "Trinitarian" problem that you present. My notes were made in 2011 when I was given access and listened to a series of 100 Bible Classes given in another State over 10 years. The major speaker gave 90 of these talks, and one feature of his discourse was the emphasis on NT quotations of Isaiah, as well as links to some of Moses' writings. I also started with a home study class on Isaiah when I was young, and really enjoyed an early series of talks on Isaiah 1-12, originally on tapes but I converted these to mp3 before I wore out the tapes, and these talks were by a very well respected speaker in the 1950s. I enjoy Isaiah as a whole, and like to discuss aspects with other members of our meeting.
Greetings again Apple7, I appreciate your input. I am very conscious of the fact that Philippians 2 quotes from Isaiah 45, but I was convinced that you would see this chapter from a Trinitarian perspective. I do not think our expositor would agree with you or even mention this in any way. It is certainly not all about the Trinity, but about the One God the Father and His Son, our Lord Jesus Christ Philippians 2:10-11.
Locating The Trinity in Isaiah is never an issue....once you know what to look for.
The key is in knowing the Names, Titles and epithets Yahweh uses throughout the entire book.
Once you familiarize yourself with the terms that God uses to describe Himself, it really becomes a very straight forward endeavor to locate His Triune nature.
Most people miss it entirely, modern day Jews most certainly did....and other cults, such as yours, likewise are blinded.
One of the early studies that we were given as Young People was the Name Yahweh and Titles of God. We were encouraged to mark our Bibles to distinguish between Elohim and El by marking the occurrences of El with a colour. We were also taught that Yahweh is "I will be " and this is contrary to your post in the other thread that it is "I Am" and the popular view that you present that Jesus is quoting or alluding to the LXX of Exodus 3:14 in John 8:58 is incorrect. Also it is important to recognise that Elohim is also used for the Angels and Judges, often misunderstood and bypassed by Trinitarians Psalm 8:5, Exodus 21:6. So, yes, the examination of the Yahweh Name and these titles is important, but it seems that you use these to support your Trinitarian bias.
Go back and read it again, for the first time, Trevor.
and the popular view that you present that Jesus is quoting or alluding to the LXX of Exodus 3:14 in John 8:58 is incorrect.
Don't just say it; defend it.
Also it is important to recognise that Elohim is also used for the Angels and Judges, often misunderstood and bypassed by Trinitarians Psalm 8:5, Exodus 21:6. So, yes, the examination of the Yahweh Name and these titles is important, but it seems that you use these to support your Trinitarian bias.
Still hung-up on this entry-level polemic of yours, Trev?
Any serious student of scripture is already cognizant that the meaning of elohim depends upon context.
What does elohim mean when juxtaposed to Yahweh?
The Hebrew of Exo 3.14 has Yahweh saying 'I AM' (ehyeh) three separate times.
If Exodus 3:14 is "I will be" as per Tyndale, RV and RSV margins, then there is no direct link with John 8:58, one a future tense, the other a present tense.
Yes, context is important. Yahweh Elohim may in some contexts have a wider meaning than you will admit. It could sometimes indicate that God the Father will be revealed through his Agents.
How Titus 1:14, Psalms 49:7 or any other scripture express that Jesus needed to be "God" for the ransom to mean something?"
Is Psalm 49 clear enough for you?
Write three to four paragraphs declaring your disbelief, surprise and utter contempt for this passage, and then elaborate on your feelings for me, again, and then change the subject matter.
Where in the verses you provided does it express Jesus needed to be God for the ransom to mean anything or that God was the ransom as I asked, it doesn't. Please show me exactly where it states as such as I'm struggling to find where Psalm 49:7,8,15 states such a thing. I can see where is states "God will yip̄deh my soul from the power of Sheol" but nothing about God being a ransom. It should be obvious that picking the word "ransom" over "redeem", as you have done which is of no surprise, as the translation of yip̄deh is where your issue lies. Firstly, as I have stated the Psalms 49:15 does not say God is the ransom, but rather, God will "God will redeem my soul", God redeeming someone from a place is very different from God being a ransom.
How do we know the word should be understood as "redeem" and not "ransom" as you conveniently choose, I'll explain why. We know according to scripture that the ransom was paid once for all time, "For the death that he died, he died with reference to sin once for all time" (Romans 6:10), , yet we see that God has yip̄deh(or other derivative) people (redeemed/ransomed), many times according to scripture.
(Deut 15:15) "Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and the LORD your God redeemed/ransomed/wayyip̄dəḵā you."
Jesus, who you say was God, had to come to earth as a man to ransom himself in the NT, yet we see in scripture that God ransomed before but for whatever reason didn't need to come to earth as a man (according to you), this is not consistent with the entire NT of Jesus death and ransom. There has only been one ransom, and that was at Jesus death. God has redeemed people before and will redeem people from the grave the same way he redeemed people from Egypt.
Your translation of the verse does not make sense, God cannot ransom someone from something without implying the person was the thing being ransomed, take Psalms 45:15 and Deut 15:15 as examples.
To say "Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and YHWH your God ransomed you" would imply the nation Israel were the ransom (not in the sense of Jesus being the ransom), this makes no sense. But if we understand it as "YHWH your God redeemed you" it makes perfect sense, hence why translations render it this way. The same goes for Palms 49:15, "God will ransom me from the power of the Grave" implies that sinful man is the ransom, this again makes no sense, but "God will redeem me from the power of the Grave" does, since it implies a saving act by God. You have cherry picked ransom over redeem despite it making no sense when reading it.
(Psalms 45:7,8) "..No one can redeem another or give to God a ransom for them, the ransom for a life is costly, no payment is ever enough.."
Your translation "..A man cannot at all ransom a brother, nor give to God a ransom for him, for the ransom of their soul is precious, and it ceases forever..".
This verse shows that the ransom is owed to God, why else would the bible writer refer to the ransom being given to God. Thus God is not the ransom since it is to him the ransom is owed.
Last edited by NWL; February 13th, 2019 at 12:53 PM.
The future tense of God's Name "He will be or become" has been accomplished, and Yahweh had become Israel's salvation. The Yahweh Name is incorporated in the Name Jesus, speaking of God's Salvation in and through His Son, the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God.
We had our Bible Class on Isaiah 45, and there are a number of layers. The prophecy concerning Cyrus was significant as it was given 150 years before his appearance on the scene, and it also speaks of how he would conquer Babylon by opening the gates of the city, and he would "loose the loins" of Belshazzar. Cyrus would be raised up to release Israel from captivity, and this would be evidence that the God of Israel is the Creator, and Cyrus was only a small portion of God's overall plan and purpose in freeing Israel. Many modern theologians reject this significant prophecy and claim that this must have been the product of a Second Isaiah, as if God could not know the future. Also, the Yahweh Name occurs frequently throughout this chapter, and it is not there to teach the Trinity as you claim, but it is again in the future tense "He who will be", speaking of God's future activity and purpose, not only concerning Israel, but also the whole earth. Cyrus as the anointed and shepherd of God is only a type of the Greater Shepherd and Anointed of Yahweh God the Father, our Lord Jesus Christ the Son of God, through whom God's purpose will be fulfilled to bring the whole earth to bow before His Throne, to the glory of God the Father, Isaiah 45:23, Philippians 2:10-11.
Psalm 49 uses THREE separate Hebrew words for 'ransom', stating, very plainly, that man is unable to ransom another person, himself, nor is man able to provide a ransom to God for another man.
Psalm 49 makes it clear that ONLY God is capable of providing the ransom required to rescue a person's soul.
How is this escaping your intellect?
How do we know the word should be understood as "redeem" and not "ransom" as you conveniently choose, I'll explain why.
First of all, there are THREE DIFFERENT Hebrew words rendered as 'ransom' in Psalm 49...NOT one, as you ignorantly claim.
Secondly, ANY lexicon will provide the definition of 'ransom'...thus, effectively removing your jaded worldview from clouding the picture.
Where is the word 'ransom'...?
yet we see that God has yip̄deh(or other derivative) people (redeemed/ransomed), many times according to scripture.
You just answered your very own question!
Who provides the RANSOM for people?
Now what excuse are you going to use, witness?
Firstly, scripture mandates that Jesus is God.
You already readily confirmed this as fact long ago, and you have no issue with it, so now is not the time to backpedal.
Secondly, you already admitted, and proved with a scriptural example, that ONLY GOD can provide the RANSOM required for His people, in fact, you say that God repeatedly provides a RANSOM for His people....and yet, you still somehow have an issue with it?


It is more tempting to eat or drink something when you are prohibited to do so – but if you know the real score, you would do them voluntarily. After all when something goes wrong, you will be the one to suffer. Lucky if you still can feel the pain but what if you just slip into oblivion? That would be devastating for the people you'll left behind. These things are surely unnecessary mistakes when not followed. So, be disciplined and you will be okay!