text:
Environment » Environmental Information » Environmental indicators » Social and economic: monitoring and reporting » People's environmental attitudes » Methods - how we monitor
Methods - how we monitor
Where and how we collect the data
People's environmental awareness, attitudes and knowledge are identified through repeated cross-sectional surveys. A survey was used to collect the data in 2000. In 2004, a University of Waikato survey used the same questions Waikato Regional Council used in its 2000 survey. In 2008, 2013, and 2016 Waikato Regional Council commissioned a repeat of the survey and expanded the number of questions from 6 to 15 to give more information about people's environmental attitudes, but only the basic set of 6 questions forms this indicator. In 2019, these 6 questions only were asked.
Monitoring sites
Previous years have seen data collection primarily completed using Computer-Aided Telephone Interviewing (CATI) and supplemented with face to face intercept interviewing to ensure a representative sample was collected across the region. However, the significant decrease in landline ownership over the past three years has made collecting a robust sample using CATI difficult. As such, the 2019 survey method changed to a mixed method approach to data collection. The collection methods were designed to ensure that a wide cross section of residents were reached within this project. A total n=1,250 surveys were completed across all sources. Sample sources for data collection comprised of the following methods:
Electoral roll: this was the primary sample source for this project, with n=14,000 invitations sent to Waikato Region residents. Each invite included a link to the survey for residents to complete the survey online. Any residents unable to complete the survey online were able to request a paper copy be sent to them.
Online collection: Versus Research collected additional surveys online through paid social media advertisements and also through a third party panel provider.
Intercept interviewing: Hard copy surveys were distributed across the region and were placed in retail outlets and supermarkets.
Telephone interviewing: A small telephone component was included to ensure there were a sufficient number of responses achieved in some of the smaller rural areas.
Monitoring frequency
The survey has been carried out seven times:
June 1998 (benchmark survey - when only one question was asked as a pilot)
October to November 2000
January to March 2013 (included as part of a larger survey)
February to March 2016 (included as part of a larger survey)
April to May 2019 (included as part of a larger survey)
Monitoring history
The benchmark survey in June 1998 included the first New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) statement in the Environmental Awareness, Attitudes and Actions Survey for 1998 as a pilot.
NEP surveys undertaken in 2000 and 2004 included the six base statements.
The 2008 NEP survey included the expanded set of 15 statements.
In 2013 the 15 statements were combined with questions in the wider Environmental Awareness, Attitudes and Actions Survey (called the New Ecological Paradigm and Environmental Awareness, Attitudes and Actions Combined Survey).
In 2016 the 15 statements were combined with questions in the wider Your Environment What Matters Survey (an adaptation of the 2013 survey).
In 2019 the six base statements only were asked and combined with questions in the wider Your Environment What Matters Survey.
Measurement technique
The 2019 survey involved a mixed method approach to data collection. The collection methods were designed to ensure that a wide cross section of residents were reached. A total n=1,250 surveys were completed across all sources. Sample sources for data collection comprised of the following:
Data collection type Number of completed surveys % of final sample composition
Electoral roll 959 77%
Online 217 17%
Intercept 48 4%
Telephone 26 2%
Total 1,250 100%
The questions were developed, reviewed and pilot-tested before inclusion in the final survey.
Age and gender weightings have been applied to the final data set for this project. Weighting ensures that specific demographic groups are neither under- nor over-represented in the final data set and that each group is represented as it would be in the population. The proportions used for the gender and age weights are taken from the 2013 Census (Statistics New Zealand).
The final sample size provides a maximum margin of error of +/- 2.8 per cent at the 95 per cent confidence interval.
How the indicator is compiled
New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) Scale
An adapted version of the 'New Environmental Paradigm Scale' (NEP) was used for this indicator. The NEP was developed and tested by Dunlap and van Liere1(external link), sociologists at Washington State University in 1978. Further testing was done by other researchers using rural and urban communities in the United States. The NEP scale has also been used in Finland, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Dunlap and van Liere's original NEP survey had 12 statements. Thorough testing by other researchers has shown that a balanced selection of statements covering the three basic dimensions of 'balance of nature', 'limits to growth', and 'human over nature' yield consistently valid results.
Survey statements
Six statements were used for this indicator in the 2000 and 2004 surveys. These were repeated in the 2008, 2013 and 2016 surveys with an additional 9 statements. In 2019 the original six statements only were used where each respondent was asked to agree or disagree with each of the following statements:
'The balance of nature is very delicate and easily upset.'
'Modifying the environment for human use seldom causes serious problems.'
'Plants and animals exist primarily to be used by humans.'
'The earth is like a spaceship with only limited room and resources.'
'There are limits to economic growth even for developed countries like ours.'
'Humans were meant to rule over the rest of nature.'
Half of the six statements were worded so an 'agree' response was environmentally positive. The others (in italics) were worded so an 'agree' response was environmentally negative. These negative statements had their polarity reversed for the analysis. Scores were given on a five-point scale.
Statement scores
The scale consisted of: Points
Strongly agree (5)
Neither agree nor disagree (3)
Strongly disagree (1)
Don't know (3)
'Don't knows' and non-responses were coded as 'Neither/nor' on the answer scale. Then the scores for answers to each of the six statements were added together to deliver a rating out of 30.
The regional result for the six base statements is compiled as the percentage of respondents in three categories based on the 6-30 scale:
Pro-ecological – 25-30
Mid-ecological – 19-24
Anti-ecological – 6-18
Regional results are given as the per cent of people giving each score. The mean, mode and mid-point are also presented. For each territorial authority area, the same process is used (per cent giving each score and then the average of the total).
Many factors influence people's attitudes to their local environment, including where and how people live, what news media items they have recently seen and who they are. These influences are not measured by quantitative questionnaires.
Dunlap, R.E. and K. van Liere 1978: The New Environmental Paradigm: a proposed measuring instrument and preliminary results. Journal of Environmental Education 9:10-19, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
Air: monitoring and reporting
Biodiversity: monitoring and reporting
Coasts: monitoring and reporting
Geothermal: monitoring and reporting
Groundwater: monitoring and reporting
Lakes and wetlands: monitoring and reporting
Land and soil: monitoring and reporting
Rivers and streams: monitoring and reporting
Social and economic: monitoring and reporting
Dealing with contaminated sites
Energy use relative to economic growth
Natural hazards awareness and readiness
People's environmental attitudes
Results - data and trends
People's environmental concerns
People's environmental knowledge
People's personal environmental actions
People's public environmental actions
People's attitudes to environmental regulations
People's satisfaction with the environment
Population structure
Regional ecological footprint
Total energy consumption
Transport to work
Low flow consent restrictions
River levels and rainfall
Science publication search
Water quality monitoring - rivers and streams


text:
Meet Me in Monaco
by Donna Rueff | Sep 10, 2019 | Books by the Beach | 0 comments
by Hazel Gaynor and Heather Webb (July 2019)
I admit I have a deep affection for southern France. Any book about Provence with all its flowers, scenery, food, history and culture along with its temperate climate on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea interests me. Adding a bit of nostalgia to the mix adds to the enjoyment. This book is just the thing for a lazy end-of-summer afternoon.
The book's subtitle is "A Novel of Princess Grace's Royal Wedding." Grace Kelly was perhaps the most popular and beloved American actress of the mid-1950s, a "girl next door" type. Her "fairy tale" courtship by and marriage to Prince Rainier of Monaco is the core of this story around which other characters and events revolve.
The main female character is Sophie Duval. She inherited a perfume-creating business from her father, who taught her everything he knew about the art and science of it so she could continue it after he died. Happily, her heart and abilities (her "nose") enabled her to pour everything she had into the business. It was her life.
Sophie owned property for growing flowers for perfume-making at the family home in Grasse, the world's perfume capital. She also owned a retail shop and apartment in Cannes. When we meet her, she's having dire financial issues and is being courted by greedy buyers who want those valuable properties. She is also being pressured to sell by a wealthy boyfriend (who eventually betrays her) and her alcoholic mother, neither of whom has her best interests in mind. Both are critical of her no matter what she does, and all Sophie wants to do is to create perfumes.
James Henderson is a British photographer sent to Cannes to cover the initial meeting of Kelly and Rainier. The world is hungry for any photos of Kelly, who is endlessly besieged by what we call "paparazzi" today. Henderson is more of an artistic photographer, but also needs to earn a living, so takes job assignments like covering the Kelly-Rainier meeting and whatever follows. He is the divorced dad of Emily, who is the most important person in his life and lives in England.
One day Kelly randomly enters Sophie's shop in Cannes hoping to elude photographers who are chasing her, so Sophie hides her. Henderson was following Kelly and enters the shop, but he decides to accept Sophie's lie that she's not there.
In this encounter, a spark is struck between Sophie and Henderson. Over the next year they have little contact, but neither can forget the other. They realize something special is developing between them, but circumstances keep them apart until the royal wedding in April 1956. By then they realize they love each other, but once again circumstances pull Henderson back to England. I won't disclose how this relationship turns out except to say that Kelly had a hand in bringing them together both in life and in death.
After Henderson leaves Sophie's shop in 1955, she discovers that her mysterious hider is Grace Kelly. The kindness Sophie showed in helping her leads Kelly to inquire about her products. She is so impressed that she requests a custom fragrance for her sister, then for others. Kelly asks several companies to send samples of their perfumes specially designed for the wedding, then shocks the world by choosing Sophie's "Coeur de Princesse" creation over those of well-known brands. The publicity and quality of the product eventually allow Sophie to solve her financial problems and not have to sell off her land and assets. Repayment for the simple act of protecting Kelly earned Sophie her friendship and her business, giving Sophie back her life.
Two things about this book make it stand out. The authors re-create the mania of that year in our history, from the initial meeting of Kelly and Rainier through the wedding. We learn of the insatiability of the public for ANY news of their queen of the screen and princess-to-be. Every newspaper, magazine, and tabloid sent photographers and other personnel to capture every possible photo, gossip tidbit, and occasional fact about their prey, no matter what it took or how invasive they had to be. There was so much money to be made, bosses were ruthless in their demands. That was certainly the ugly side of these events.
On the other side, the authors describe the beauty of the staged events. Kelly's wardrobe, and especially her wedding attire for both the civil and church weddings, was nothing short of spectacular. Her gown for the church ceremony was created in Hollywood, so there was a cinematic aspect to the event which included decoration of various venues. The authors' descriptions of it all capture the reader's imagination. I suspect that millions of young girls dreamt of finding THEIR prince and having such a wedding. I also suspect more than a few married women lived vicariously through Kelly for awhile. The reality is that the fairy tale usually doesn't extend very long after the wedding.
However, I've saved the best for last. The second thing that makes this book stand out is its wealth of information about the art of creating perfumes. Sophie's father taught her several lessons:
–"To be a parfumeur is to be a detective." Where does the scent take you? [p. 5, LP edition]
–"To be a parfumeur is to be a psychologist…. He said that everyone had deeply hidden insecurities, and that many people wished to be something more than they are. Our job… was to uncover what that something more was and to make it for them." [p. 14]
–"To be a parfumeur is to be a keeper of memories. Every scent will remind you of something or someone." [p. 18] (Perfume and music have this effect in common.)
Sophie's father also taught her about the 3 stages of a perfume:
—Head notes are the first impression of a scent;
—Heart notes follow and are the heart of the perfume;
—Base notes are slow to diffuse and last the longest.
I'm sure most people have never thought in such depth or have knowledge about scents and perfumes as they are discussed in this book. I find it an intriguing topic and know I'll think about scents differently from now on. This book may trigger interest in the topic for other readers, too.
The idea that Kelly lived a fairy-tale life was part of the hype promoted by the media and perhaps believed—or at least wished for her—by her fans. Kelly herself thought that the very idea was a fairy tale. She was a very strong woman who counseled Sophie to follow her heart and believed that "women can do anything they decide to do." [p. 380] We can be sure that Kelly followed her own advice, and in a strange way, she enabled Sophie to do the same.
—Donna Rueff—

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The car Prince Philip collided with had two women and a 10-month-old baby in it as it emerges the Duke of Edinburgh was bleeding at the scene
Prince Philip was involved in a car crash on Thursday near Sandringham but sustained no life-threatening injuries.
The 97-year-old Duke was driving his Land Rover on a country road near Sandringham, Norfolk when he says he was 'dazzled by the sun' and he collided with a Kia carrying two women and a 10-month-old baby. His Land Rover rolled over and he had to be pulled out through the sunroof.
Roy Warne, 75, was a witness to the crash and first on the scene. He narrated what happened immediately after the crash.
He described seeing the Land Rover roll across the A149 "like a somersault", adding "it was turning on its side over and over." Roy, who was travelling with his wife Victoria at the time, stopped his car and rushed to help, eventually pulling the Duke from his seat after smashing through the windscreen and sunroof.
Check also: Photos from the scene on an Accident where a tanker fell around Ikeja under bridge today
He also claimed he had the Duke's blood on his hands while he helped him out.
He said:
I looked down and had the Prince's blood on my hands. All I could think is, thank goodness there wasn't more.
Asked what the Duke first said when he was freed, he replied: "I can't remember, but it was nothing rude. He was obviously shaken, and then he went and asked if everyone else was all right."
Barrister Roy said the Duke's first words to him while he lay trapped were: "My legs, where should I put my legs?".
Roy said he placed his hands under Prince Philip's armpits and gently pulled him from the smashed car. He said that when The Duke of Edinburgh stood up, his first thoughts were for others involved in the crash.
Check also: Filling station belonging to NNPC currently on fire at Ogba, Lagos state (Photos, Videos)
The roof was where the window should have been, because it was on its side. I think I helped him out through either the sunroof or the front windscreen, but I'm a bit blurred about that.
He was disorientated and humbled. I believe he was very sorry about what had happened.
He was very shaken and then he went and asked if everyone else was alright.
Roy said that when he came upon the scene of the accident, he first attended to the passengers and baby in the blue Kia because he thought it was going to burst into flames when he saw smoke rising from it.
He said he could hear a baby screaming in the back of the car and that his mother was "understandably hysterical".
Roy told Radio 4 Today:
The person in the car behind me also stopped and a passenger from that car actually took the baby in his arms after we had freed it from the baby harness.
One of them had a broken arm. They were very shaken. One of them was the mother of the child and she was quite upset.
I think there's no doubt that it was hit (by the duke's car). That's my recollection.
I didn't see it come from the side road, I saw it careering and tumbling across the road and ending up on the other side. It would take a massive force and it had rolled on the other side as well.
Two women required hospital treatment after the crash, with one suspected of suffering a broken arm.
Check also: I will stop marrying and fathering children the day death visits - Man with 151 children and 16 wives reveals
Tags: AccidentAuto AccidentPrince Philip
Next story 'Falz you don't go to church and I am bothered' – His mum, Funmi Falana says
Previous story Police confirm the kidnap of Governor Wike's aide, Anugbom Anuoha


We Create Awesome Animated Videos!
We create animated videos with a beautiful flow, custom graphics & detailed animation. Click below to watch our showreel or contact us for more info & pricing.
What Is An Animated Video?
Animated video is an incredibly versatile media type – as you don't need to hire actors or find real locations (like you do with live action video) your imagination is the only limit. You can create the perfect characters, scenery and graphics to tell your story, your way. Animated videos are suitable for a wide range of use cases; from explaining a product, service or concept, through to customer onboarding, training your team and more. The best animated videos combine vibrant colour, dynamic movement and short, snappy messaging – wrapped up and packaged into a format that's proven to engage, inform, entertain and persuade viewers.
We are really happy with the final video and indeed have been really impressed with the whole process by everyone at Wyzowl!!
In today's attention-deficient age, time is your viewers' most valuable commodity. You can't take their attention for granted! Great animated videos get to the point quickly, concisely without a second wasted. This means filtering through out what's really special about your message, and making that the core focus.
We're not shallow – but looks do matter! However great your story, however incredible your product, your viewer can ultimately be put-off if your video includes low-quality design or animation. A great animated video will be slick, professional – and consistent with all your other marketing materials.
Generally speaking, hollow, empty lists of stats, factoids and features simply don't engage viewers. A great animated video, like any other great marketing or educational tool, revolves around great storytelling. As a team, we help you isolate what your story really is – and make sure that story underpins every second of your animated video.
It's so important to wrap up an animated video with a clear conclusion and call-to-action. For an animated explainer video you may want your viewer to visit a website, or start a free trial. For an animated demo video, you may want to direct them towards other helpful videos. Whatever it is, the video needs to inform the viewer what to do, or where to go, next. They've made it to the end of your video – so capitalise on their interest!
We'd love to discuss ways to make your video truly unique and exceptional. Contact us for more information & pricing.
We have worked with Wyzowl multiple times now because of the smooth and straightforward experience they've provided each time. Our most recent project focused on generating awareness for the launch of our newest form builder and we are glad to say it was a resounding success. The video we created with Wyzowl has hundreds of thousands of views to date, and it's still climbing. Because of their outstanding skills and production time, I would not hesitate to work with them again.
The versatility of animated video doesn't just extend to the decisions you make during its production. There are lots of different ways you can use it once it's finished, too.
You can use animated videos on your website in many ways. The most common way is to use it on your home page to introduce and explain your product or service. Our research suggests that – where both video and text are available on the same page – 72% of people would rather use video to learn about a product or service.
Video can therefore help extend dwell time on your website (an important SEO ranking factor) while giving your audience a clearer, better understanding of exactly who you are and what you do.
Animated video can also be used in other areas of your website. It can add great value to landing pages, for example, where you want to communicate an idea or piece of information quickly and impactfully. They can also be used in Help/FAQ sections to help your customers understand and use your products more effectively. Instructional assembly videos and product walkthroughs all work well in animated form.
Animated videos are a perfect match for social media. The numbers back it up; a reported 500 million people watch Facebook videos every day, in addition to a phenomenal rise in video usage on other social media channels including Instagram and Twitter. This doesn't even take into account YouTube, which, on mobile alone, reaches more 18-49 year olds than any broadcast or cable TV network. All told, a third of the time people spend online is devoted to watching videos.
Animated video is an amazing fit for social media – not only because of the huge potential audience, but because of the way people scroll through their timeline. The colour and vibrancy of animated video is a tremendous way to catch the eye – while research suggests that movement in a person's peripheral vision can trigger a significant shift in their attention. If animated video isn't part of your content on social media, there's a good argument to suggest it should be!
There's only one difference between an amazing animated video, and a successful one: the people who see it. Getting your video in front of the right people is so important. It's possible to do this organically, but many turn to paid advertising to generate a wider reach.
Regardless of which platform you choose to advertise on, the likelihood is that you'll be able to lean on highly granular filtering options to target the exact people who are likely to be interested in what you have to say. You can target based on a range of demographic factors – age, gender, income, job role and plenty of others. You can also filter based on user interests, geographical location, even their past interactions with your brand.
By fuelling a quality piece of content with a promotional budget, you can help put it right in front of your ideal target customers, with tailored messaging designed to call out their specific pain points, challenges and goals.
See the video we created for Teachers Networking above. This was created specifically as a pre-roll video to be used in paid video advertising.
Email marketing remains one of the most powerful and impactful marketing techniques at your disposal – and adding animated video only makes it stronger.
A study of 1 billion emails revealed that using video content in your emails could lead to an increase in click-through rate of 200-300%, while including video thumbnails instead of images can increase clicks by over 21%. Animated video is a great fit for emails for many of the same reasons that make it great for other channels; it's bright, attractive, and catches the eye.
Video can also function as a lead nurturing tool – for example, you could create an email nurture sequence with a series of animated videos to demonstrate how different parts of your product work. Alternatively you could create instructional/educational animated videos to onboard your new customers. You could even create general interest animations that explain a particular industry topic or subject, designed purely to entertain, inform or educate your audience.
Great video marketing often comes down to thinking outside the box – and the solutions are often hidden in plain sight.
Adding an animated video to your company email signature is an incredibly quick and easy thing to do, and can potentially amplify the impact of your video by thousands of percent. To put some solid numbers behind this, it's been suggested that the average office worker receives 121 emails a day and sends around 40 business emails daily. In other words, if you company has 100 employees, the team will send out 4,000 business emails in a single day. Many of these emails will be to people outside the organisation, which represents an incredible opportunity to reach new viewers with a message that could well be incredibly appealing to them.
Animated video isn't just a tool to reach people outside your organisation. The same qualities that make it a fantastic marketing tool, also make it a fantastic resource for internal uses.
Animated videos, for example, can be used to train and onboard team members. For example, if you were training sales associates, you could create an animation that demonstrates the exact behaviours you'd like them to demonstrate throughout a sales process. Because the video is animated, this gives you unrivalled flexibility to recreate the exact environment they'd be working in, with characters fitting their own demographic and those of your customers. Training videos can be delivered consistently across new hires – the same material every time – and revisited in the future whenever necessary.
See the video we created for Capital On Tap above. This video is for onboarding new customers after they sign up. This helps guide them through the process of setting up their card and account.
An animated video comes together at the story stage. It's the foundation of your video. Once we fully understand your business we'll write your script.
Our talented illustrators will create every graphic from scratch to match your brand and style requirements. This is where the story is visualised.
Professional music and voiceover makes an animated video shine. Choose from male, Female, English, American and many other languages.
Finally we animate all the graphics to add movement and bring the video to life. We create a beautiful flow to make watching your video a pleasure.
We understand hiring a creative agency can be daunting. We often get asked the same questions so we've created videos about each to help you. Of course we're here for you if you have others, simply contact us and we'd be happy to help.
What's the ideal length for an animated video?
For a video designed to introduce and explain your product or service, we recommend a length of 1-2 minutes. For 'opted-in' audiences – e.g. training videos or animated demo videos can be longer than this. Our team of video experts can offer specific advice throughout the process, depending on how you plan to use your video.
What's included with a Wyzowl video?
We offer a fully-inclusive, end-to-end service. We write your script; create all the graphics for your video from scratch; add professional voiceover and royalty-free music; then animate the video and provide you with a HD video file for you to use as you wish. You also own all the source files from your video for use in other marketing materials.
Can I give feedback and make changes?
Absolutely! We pride ourselves on our 'Unlimited Amends' policy which allows you to make as many changes as you like. We want you to be totally happy with your animated video and we recognise that this is a collaborative process. All we ask is that you give a firm sign-off at each stage of the animated video production process.
We work to fixed turnarounds. It takes 3 working days to create your Script, 8 working days to create your Storyboard and a further 8 working days to create the video. This doesn't include the time it takes for you to provide feedback and us to make any required changes, though. Once you add everything together, it tends to take us around 6 weeks to create an animated video.
Do You Want To Learn More About Animated Videos?
We have created over 2,250 explainer videos for over 1,300 clients in the past few years. This makes us one of the market leaders in our industry. In this ebook we pass on all our knowledge of scripting, design, animation, process and promotion. We also discuss software and types of video you can create. This is a comprehensive ebook that aims to impart years of knowledge in an easy to understand piece.
Complete the form below and we'll send you more information and pricing for our animated videos. We'll be in touch within 1 business day so we won't keep you waiting long.


Reluctant companions are surprised to discover friendship and attraction when they mix business with pleasure.
While it's clear Lewis and Alex come from radically different walks of life, the story focuses on their similarities rather than their differences. The connection between them is both physical and emotional, a perfect blend of chemistry and romance.
Set on a remote island, the rich history of the Scottish people is subtly integrated into the story and adds a layer of authenticity to the gorgeous setting.
Kissing Alex is a mildly suspenseful contemporary romance with minimal angst. The moderate heat level, characterized by frequent makeout sessions, gave me the warm-fuzzies and the story a pleasant and engaging core. A yummy romance that satisfied my literary sweet tooth.


text:
Poet american.
American Boys – тема.
A distinctly American lyric voice of the colonial period was Phillis Wheatley (1753 – 1784).
American Boys – тема. ПодписатьсяВы подписаныОтменить подписку. 9. Главная. Плейлисты. О канале. ► Воспроизвести все. American Boys – лучшие композиции. American Boys – тема. 29 видео. 6 просмотров. Обновлено вчера. Воспроизвести все. Поделиться. Загрузка… Welcome to American Poems. This website is dedicated to showcasing the greatest American poets , both the classics and the up and coming contemporaries. If you find a poet you like, make sure to join in the discussion about the author's poems by commenting on his or her work! Жанр Американская музыка: Indian Calling, The Dead South, The Cadillac Three и другие. Открывайте новую музыку каждый день. Лента с персональными рекомендациями и музыкальными новинками, радио, подборки на любой вкус, удобное управление своей коллекцией. Миллионы композиций бесплатно и в хорошем качестве. американская поэзия — это поэзия США . Он возник сначала как попытки создать свои голоса к английской поэзии в 17 веке, задолго до конституционного объединения Тринадцати колоний (хотя до этого объединение, сильная устная традиция , которую часто сравнивают с поэзией, существовала среди индейских обществ). Неудивительно, что большинство работ ранних колонистов опиралось на современные британские модели поэтической формы , дикции и темы .
The nation's leading champion of poets and poetry.
Who is the best American poet ? This list includes poets such as William Faulkner, Emily Dickinson, Maya Angelou, and Robert Frost. From the postcolonial era to modernism, to post-WWII, to present day, great American poets continue to make us think. … We often feel an emotional connection to poetry . It all begins with the words written on the page. Whether short or long poetry is often illusory, and full of rich imagery or hidden meaning. It is these elements which provoke us as readers to dig deeper. In the twentieth century the American poet William Carlos Williams said of Poe that he is the only solid ground on which American poetry is anchored. An American idiom. Walt Whitman. The final emergence of a truly indigenous English-language poetry in the United States was the work of two poets , Walt Whitman (1819�1892) and Emily Dickinson (1830�1886). The nation's leading champion of poets and poetry , we produce… … To America — How would you have us, as we are? Or sinking 'neath the load we bear? Our eyes fixed forward on a star? Or gazing empty at despair?… To America — How would you have us, as we are? Or sinking 'neath the load we bear? Our eyes fixed forward on a star? Or gazing empty at despair?… American poetry is the poetry of the United States, American poetry began as efforts by colonists to add their voices to English poetry in the 17th century, well before the constitutional unification of the thirteen colonies (although before this, a strong oral tradition often likened to poetry existed among Native American societies). Unsurprisingly, most of the early colonists' work relied on contemporary British models of poetic form, diction, and theme. However, in the 19th century, a distinctive…
The American Poets detailed below on 'Love poems' link to specific sections providing full size pictures and biographies of Famous American poets together with a list of their most celebrated poems and links to their lyrics.
Fall Out Boy — American Beauty American Psycho.
Among progressive modern American poets working with social and political themes and using traditional forms, Aaron Kramer may well be the single most accomplished figure. From his first protest… School of Poetry : Modernist Race/Ethnicity: European. Fall Out Boy — American Beauty American Psycho. Fall Out Boy — American Beauty- American Psycho. Madonna — American Life ( American Life (Germany) 2003). Khalid — American Teen ( American Teen 2017). … Jeremy Renner — American Pie. Estelle — American Boy. Madonna — American Life. Комбинация — American Boy. Комбинация — American Boy. Madonna — American Life. Madonna — American Life. Комбинация — American Boy. Madonna — American Pie. Madonna — American Pie. Подписчиков: 68 тыс. О себе: Poem-a-Day, #NationalPoetryMonth & more from Poets.org. We are the nation's leading champion of poets, poetry, & the work of poetry organizations.
List of famous American poets with their biographies that include trivia.
Fall Out Boy — American Beauty American Psycho. Альтернативная. 03:16. Fall Out Boy — American Beauty- American Psycho. Альтернативная. 03:16. … American Yard — Maranello 8. 03:38. Комбинация — American Boy. Русский поп. 00:30. List of famous American poets with their biographies that include trivia, interesting facts, timeline and life history. … Over the years America , the goldmine of poetic talent, has produced literary bards like Robert Frost, Edgar Allan Poe, Pablo Neruda, and Emily Dickinson, whose poems are read and cherished to this day by connoisseurs and lay man alike. The poets listed below were either born in the United States or else published much of their poetry while living in that country. Henry Abbey (1842–1911). Arthur Talmage Abernethy (1872–1956). Sam Abrams (born 1935). Seth Abramson (born 1976). Diane Ackerman (born 1948). Duane Ackerson (born 1942). Mercedes de Acosta (1893–1968). Virginia Hamilton Adair (1913–2004). Helen Adam (1909–1993). John Adams (1704–1740). Léonie Adams (1899–1988). Kim Addonizio (born 1954). James Agee (1909–1955).
Метки: american, poet


Running reckless on wine and nicotine, we're living, breathing the world around us. Summer has been brewing a new spirit inside me and I've met so many new people. If you don't take risks, you're killing neurons. If you don't try new things, you're killing neurons. People with 9 to 5 jobs kill neurons every-day because they're only doing what they've always done. Try something new. I dare you.


text:
Shanzhai Skyscrapers
(Photo: Börkur Sigurbjörnsson)
China is famously a hotbed of copying. Western firms constantly kvetch about Chinese knockoffs of their products—and often with good reason. China's intellectual property laws are fairly strong, at least on paper. The problem is that the laws aren't effectively enforced – and it's an open question whether the Chinese government is capable of shutting down the copyists. China's uneasy relationship with intellectual-property law is due in no small part to China's "shanzhai" culture. What is shanzhai? The literal meaning of the word is "mountain stronghold," but it has come to connote imitation, and more, imitation done in a way that is upfront about its fakery and may even be celebrated for it.
Shanzhai culture is incredibly vibrant and shows no sign of slowing down. Shanzhai cellphones, for instance, are sometimes applauded for their ingenuity. Some include nifty features not seen on the original they are imitating. Some mash-up features found on competing phones into a single device. All are cheap.
There is a lot to say about shanzhai in China, and we'll come back to this in future posts. But here is a great example. Wired is reporting that a new Beijing building by starchitect Zaha Hadid is being copied even as the original is still under construction:
A Beijing building project by London-based architect Zaha Hadid is proving so popular that the structure is being pirated elsewhere in the country.
Hadid's Wangjing Soho is an office and retail complex which uses three curved towers to echo the intricate movements of Chinese fans. But, according to Der Spiegel, the architect's firm is being forced to compete with pirates to get the original structure finished before the copy.
"Even as we build one of Zaha's projects, it is being replicated in Chongqing," said Zhang Xin, the property developer who commissioned the structure. "Everyone says that China is a great copycat country, and that it can copy anything."
Hadid herself seems a little more relaxed about the use of her work, provided the results contain a certain amount of innovation, saying "that could be quite exciting."
The Hadid building is merely the tip of the iceberg as far as Chinese architectural copying is concerned. China is full of copied buildings, in particular classic Western European designs. In fact, a forthcoming book by Bianca Bosker, the senior tech editor at the Huffington Post, is all about this phenomenon: Original Copies: Architectural Mimicry in Contemporary China tells the story of how entire neighborhoods in China are made to resemble, often in amazing detail, small towns in Europe and famous cities such as Venice.
Now of course this is not totally new, nor totally Chinese. One of us lives right near a place called Venice, CA, that was explicitly designed to evoke the great Italian city and its canals. That said, Venice, CA is more a gesture toward Venice, Italy than a copy of it. The California canals (many long paved over) are vaguely reminiscent of those in Venice, and the actual buildings look nothing like Venice. The Chinese examples Bosker discusses, by contrast, are often exacting in their verisimilitude and, moreover, don't hesitate to mix and match from different eras and places.
In this case, the Chinese developer of the knockoff Hadid building quickly responded to news reports by incorporating the controversy into his marketing materials and, in a sense, owning it. "Never meant to copy—Only want to surpass," he wrote. As Bosker said to us, this line may sum a specifically Chinese take on copying: it's all about getting to the best; who's first is not the point.
Hadid's own view is also interesting. Her equanimity over being copied is unusual, but it is probably wise. As we argue in our recent book, The Knockoff Economy: How Imitation Sparks Innovation , copies are authentic advertisements: they show — convincingly — that you are an innovator who produces special things. As Bosker told us, "imitation may be the fastest route to 'iconic.'"


text:
Randy Moss Net Worth
Richest NFL Players
NFL, Sports
Rand, West Virginia, United States
In a relationship (Libby Offutt)
Randy Gene Moss
Professional Football Player (NFL)
Marshall University, Florida State University
4 (Sydney, Montigo, Thaddeus, Senali)
About Randy Gene Moss
Randy Moss is a retired professional NFL player with an estimated net worth of $62 million. After playing college football at the Marshall University, Randy Moss was selected to play for the NFL. Randy Moss received All-American honors twice.
While at the Marshall University, he was drafted in the first round of the 1998 NFL Draft by the Minnesota Vikings. He played with the Vikings for seven years. Subsequently, he became a part of a trade which landed him to the Oakland Traders. Two years later, he was again traded to the New England Patriots. In 2010, he returned to the Minnesota Vikings as a result of a trade with the New England Patriots. Shortly, he signed with the San Francisco 49ers to play for the 2012-2013 season.
Randy Moss receives an annual salary of $6.5 million. He has an estimated net worth amounting to $40 million.
Earnings & Financial Data ?
The below financial data is gathered and compiled by TheRichest analysts team to give you a better understanding of Randy Moss Net Worth by breaking down the most relevant financial events such as yearly salaries, contracts, earn outs, endorsements, stock ownership and much more.
Earnings 2012
Contract with San Francisco 49ers
Bonus 2012
Roster bonus from San Francisco 49ers
Salary 2012
Salary from San Francisco 49ers
Contract with New England Patriots
Workout bonus from Tennessee Titans
Salary from Tennessee Titans
Salary from Minnesota Vikings
Workout bonus from New England Patriots
Restructure bonus from New England Patriots
Salary from New England Patriots
Signing Bonus 2008
Signing bonus from New England Patriots
Roster bonus from New England Patriots
Restructure bonus from Oakland Raiders
Salary from Oakland Raiders
Option bonus from Minnesota Vikings
Contract with MInnesota Vikings
Signing bonus from MInnesota Vikings
Workout bonus from Minnesota Vikings
Incentive from Minnesota Vikings
Roster bonus from Minnesota Vikings
Show all earnings
10 Of The World's Most Expensive Parking Spots, Ranked


text:
Learning to Love Random
03/02/2015 Taylor Bair Analysis 100 comments
I'm not a fighting man. I have never thrown a punch or broken a nose, never exchanged blows with a worthy adversary or survived an all-out brawl-out, and I've certainly never baited a fight.
So why am I about to enter an arena that musters more rage than any I know?
RNG – random number generator – or the system Bungie uses to determine Legendary, Exotic, and just about every drop in Destiny, is hated across the globe. More vitriol and venomous spittle flies at the mere mention of the name than all the chasms of the Hellmouth could contain, and mine has flown along with it.
But I've learned to love RNG. That's right: I think it's sort of great, and this is how I've come to that conclusion.
A Tale of Two Systems
Destiny is a compartmentalized experience, meaning the game is very different depending on your character level. This is even more noticeable if you've ever trudged through the endgame material with your level 30+ character, only to start another character and face levels 1-20 again.
What once was an enjoyable shooter, suddenly feels like flinging foam darts at monstrous foes with weapons constructed of plastic and bubblegum.
We trudge back to the Tower, open the vault and stare at that Legendary's warning: "This requires level 20" – it flashes like a neon knife in our hearts. Believe me, I weep with you.
But so does Bungie. They have implemented systems to ease our pain and make the trudge decently enjoyable. How many of us, starting Destiny for the first time, completely missed how painful those first levels are? We can thank Bungie for that. We hadn't yet tasted the glory of Fatebringer and Gjallarhorn. The Gunsmith and Vanguard kept us regularly stocked with weapons just good enough.
That's the linear progression system Bungie intended for early levels. Complete story missions, bounties, and get what you need.
But everything changes at 20. The world flushes with color too wonderful to process, or it blackens and flings us into a darkness we can feel. What we are experiencing is the changing of the guard.
That old system of progress takes a bow and leaves us to the new system: RNG. That cruel witch with a velvet glove – one minute slapping, the next drawing us in like sons and daughters.
While we love to hate her, let us at least ponder what purpose she serves.
What is RNG's Grand Scheme?
You may be saying, "Wait, RNG is random. How can something random have a purpose?"
But that's misleading. RNG is random in the sense that drops in Destiny don't follow a definite pattern, sure, but that isn't to say they don't drop with some predetermined consistency.
Those of us who have done raids know for a fact that opening the first chest on Crota's End will net Radiant materials. That is decided from the dawn of time. You won't get raid gear. You won't get baskets of candy Engrams. You get exactly what Bungie intended.
If we take that and extrapolate it, we can say that whenever we complete a Nightfall or weekly strike, there are predetermined items we may get. Now, it might be Ascendant shards, as this poor soul discovered – and believe me, we feel for you brother – but it isn't something outside the realm of what Bungie intended.
Random isn't senseless; every event we partake in is designed by Bungie to get us closer to something, and often that something is level 32 (depending on which strike or raid you're doing).
As for the Crucible, well… most bets are off with the Crucible. Who knows how the hell that thing works, but it will spit out something decent eventually. Bungie recently confirmed that Crucible rewards will be improved in future:
Crucible rewards are on the low side for sure, and issue we intend to address in a future update. The rewards are random to encourage everyone in the game to play it to completion, rather than only the "winners" staying.
Furthermore, Bungie is aware of the mistakes they made with The Dark Below, and plans on fixing them with the House of Wolves.
Our philosophy about rewards and loot will continue to evolve as we see how players play and react. […] the mistakes we made with the DLC1 reward economy will not be repeated.
Will we usually get what we want? Probably not. The odds are stacked against it, but that leads to a deeper question, and the one that changed my mind about RNG.
Broken System… or Expectations?
I had a conversation once with a managing director at Crytek (the video game developer) about bonuses. It was a simple conversation that boiled down to one core issue: It's exceedingly difficult to create a bonus system.
Why? Because the very idea of a bonus – a free gift – becomes something we try desperately to earn. What was meant as an added, "Hey, thanks for your effort," becomes the goal itself.
I see a lot of that in my approach to random drops. And if we're honest, random drops are probably the only reason some of us play, especially if we've got level 32's trouncing about.
It seems to me that Bungie's system works as expected. Some things are guarantees, and everything else is handed to RNG as a bonus for our labors. Are we guaranteed those raid gauntlets after the lamps on Crota's End? I've done that section plenty of times without getting them, so no, certainly not. But we are guaranteed the chance to get them.
That chance is the heart of RNG – the bonus on top of our expected wage. But was RNG ever meant as anything other than a bonus for our work? I don't think so, and here are a few reasons why:
Give Me What I'm Owed
I've been thinking long and hard about the day I bought Destiny. I popped in the disc, completed the first mission, and immediately jumped into a party with friends.
Let me tell you, it was like a breath of fresh air.
I said, "I haven't had this much fun since Halo co-op." And it was true. Every moment was pure childish fun again.
So I've been pondering the idea of what Bungie owed me as a consumer. Destiny was, without a doubt, worth every penny I paid. Bungie has delivered to me more value for money than any game has in a long time. And no matter how much I may hate RNG for all the frustrations it's put me through, I can't honestly say Bungie has cheated me. Am I owed more? Am I somehow credited a Thunderlord before Bungie has fulfilled its obligation to me as a consumer?
Try as I might, I just can't say that. And even if we could somehow earn these bonuses, would it make things better?
Joy to the Newb
Random adds an element of surprise, and everyone loves a surprise. I'll never forget the moment I got Gjallarhorn. There were no expectations, no understanding of the possibilities. I opened a chest, saw some ascended shards, and said, "Of course – so it is and so it must always be."
But then the gold. Oh that glorious gold. And the G-J-A-L-L…
Oh how I squealed (quite literally) with delight. My whole world turned upside down. I was a man made new.
And if I'm honest, I find that beautiful. Earning that rocket launcher through an exotic bounty wouldn't be nearly as enjoyable.
Which comes full circle to RNG as a bonus system. When you work at a company you love, bonuses are just that – icing on the cake. But when your job becomes the means to an end, namely earning that bonus, it's even more crushing when your Christmas bonus is a gift basket of nuts and cheeses.
Has the bonus changed? Not necessarily. But the expectations certainly have, which means we also must look at our own personal nature.
The Man in the Mirror
In my early days of Destiny, before RNG became bitter to me, I lived for the next mission with friends. We would laugh and throw grenades, screaming, "We're invincible!" as thrall erupted in bursts of flame. I would sit with bated breath as rewards twisted into Engrams and Motes of Light, gasping as I saw that Legendary pop into view. Never did I regret a second of those days.
But now I have regrets. I regret grinding Vanguard strikes and cursing when I don't get a Legendary Engram. I regret bragging about my Gjallarhorn when a friend gets Thunderlord just so I can maintain some flimsy semblance of superiority. I regret hating players who get full raid gear sets their first time through Crota's End while I'm still waiting on that breastplate. And I regret making ancillary things like random drops the heart of why I enjoy Destiny.
The point is, emotions can run high in this game. And when emotions run high, we tend to lose objectivity. So ultimately, I think RNG is right and my expectations are wrong because I know myself. Sometimes I look in the mirror and have to face facts: I've misplaced my desires somewhere. What I once loved has twisted into something unrecognizable, and things that were free gifts have become expectations.
Is the system Bungie created perfect? Hardly. But I can tell you one thing: it's closer to perfect than I am. Which leaves me with only one conclusion: RNG isn't so bad after all. It is a system designed for those who still love what Destiny is really about: time with friends. I fear RNG never will satisfy the rest of us. Not because it is broken, but because we are.
What RNG and Casinos Share
Some community members have drawn a comparison between RNG and casino incentives. My parents love gambling, so I've skated along casino lines the last few years, and I find the comparison interesting. I believe it valid in one way, and insufficient in another.
RNG does have a great deal in common with the rewards casinos use (referred to as "comps" for "complementary") to keep customers returning. Call it a dangling carrot if you will, but Bungie does want players to come back. Sometimes an expansion is enough, but all MMO models need something more basic between those expansions, and loot is the simplest way to keep players coming back.
Loot and bounties trigger something in our brain, often a sort of panic. If you've ever thought, "I should at least pick up today's bounties," or "I should at least play that daily story," so you don't miss out on loot or experience, then you've bitten the hook. I should know, as I've bitten that hook enough to be peppered with holes in the mouth.
But on the other hand, if RNG is Bungie's equivalent of casino comps, then Bungie is really blowing it. Casinos have designed comps to be incremental, and you can be sure that regular gamblers understand when certain comps will be offered and what they must do to obtain them. It's a far more dangerous system, as it locks players in a constant leveling-up mentality. "If I just spend this much more, even though I'm losing, I'll win," is the name of the game.
Destiny isn't so kind. We lose all the time without significant wins in this game. And I believe that's because, as my original premise states, RNG is not intended to be more than a bonus. If it were meant as a comp-esque system, then it would work better at minimizing player turnover. But we all know that burnout tends to set in and set in quickly.
I for one am grateful; I'd rather not spend the next few months working diligently for rewards that might be shiny, but end up robbing me of better experiences.
If this is true, and our problems with RNG lie more in us than in the system, what does it require?
First, it requires we change our desires or take a break until Destiny can fulfill them. Bungie is unlikely to completely alter the way drops are handled, which means we must do one or the other if our enjoyment of Destiny's RNG-heavy-core is to survive. Sure, we could continue to grind through content – begrudging everything – in hopes of that Exotic drop. But why bother when we once found enjoyment elsewhere?
Second, it requires we treasure the things we have been afforded. Not everyone gets just the weapons you've gotten, and I bet there are many out there who would love to have them. Believe what you will, but no one behind Bungie's curtain is wringing his fingers and saying, "Ah yes, let's deny them Vision of Confluence once more!" And there are enough wonderful weapons out there that if you get any drops whatsoever, you're bound to have something special on your hands. We owe it to ourselves to remember that.
Fan art by Dark-Fenrir
And finally, it requires we approach life with a bit more perspective. I don't step back often enough and question the heart behind my actions, but RNG has forced me to do just that. Mostly because it makes me so irrationally angry.
I confess, I never set out on this article thinking about such lofty things, but that is the beauty of random – it comes when you least expect it.
So here's to life being a little more random.
But let's not kid ourselves, a Gjallarhorn would be nice too!
Renovating Crucible Rewards
We've all seen that Guardian with the 2 kills and 10 deaths acquire the best reward. Is that fair? Due to the randomness of it, yes. As much as we'd like to complain about it, the rewards are given out randomly, not based on performance.
The reason they're not based on performance is to incentivize players to stay in the game, and it adds a bit of mystery to each match.
Should a skill-focused reward system be introduced – maybe just in the Iron Banner? How would it work?
Perhaps give players who do well a higher chance at receiving an item, while still keeping the same RNG system that's currently in place. This way, players who don't do well will still have the same opportunity to earn rewards as they do now, but exceptional players will have a slightly higher chance.
We discussed this more on our latest podcast as well, throwing out some ideas about better cosmetic rewards for the highest scorers.
PvE > PvP
When it comes to the amount of rewards, the Crucible loses every time. Destiny's drop dilemma in the Crucible can't be understated.
You must spend much more time in the Crucible to earn the same amount of Engrams that you could earn from a few ROC Strikes.
As mentioned above, Bungie is going to take a hard look at Crucible rewards.
destiny random number generatordestiny rng analysis
Previous Post:Felwinter's Lie Review
Next Post:Crota Rock


text:
BMW BANKING ON ROLLS-ROYCE
Back in 1999, when the dust finally settled on the contentious VW/BMW/Rolls-Royce/Bentley acquisition, BMW's Chairman Berndt Pischestrieder asked Ferdinand Piech if VWAG would 'manage' the Rolls-Royce brand until 2001 – and by then BMW AG would have worked out how it was going to deal with the new marque being added to is stable, almost accidentally.
Berndt Pischetsrieder and
The way it happened was that the then owner of Rolls-Royce and Bentley Motor Cars, the British armaments and aeronautical conglomerate Vickers plc, decided to sell just Bentley Motors to VWAG; and because Vickers had a joint venture with BMW Aerospace, it decided to sell the Rolls-Royce car division to BMW AG – no doubt as a spiteful response to Piech's aggressive takeover tactics.
As PR Director for North America for Bentley Motors, I had to split my PR resources for three years across the two marques, to ensure we could hand over Rolls-Royce in good order and condition. The last event I hosted, was the presentation of the Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph 'Last of Line' (below).
Once BMW AG accepted responsibility for the ongoing care and feeding of the Flying Lady, I washed my hands of all connections, but kept a very keen eye on what the German carmaker was doing to preserve and promote the brand. After all, Rolls-Royce was now a competitor to Bentley, not a stablemate.
It became clear from the start that BMW AG was taking its new marque very seriously indeed, and despite some extensive window dressing (like basing the new Phantom on the BMW 7-series; and building a new facility at Goodwood, Surrey, to carry out just the final assembly on British soil), BMW threw literally millions of Euros at showing how serious it was about Rolls-Royce.
BMW had already captured the famous Mini brand, and was certainly doing very well with that British icon, and it was clearly not going to undersell its commitment to Rolls-Royce.
Over the years BMW has invested even more money, in new models, like Phantom, Ghost, Wraith and Dawn.
It has also developed unique architecture for the cars, new engines, and innovative new interiors and features.
The latest fashion statement is a series of unique trims, including the convertible tops for the latest Dawn drop-top.
BMW AG has, in my opinion, done a marvelous and high integrity job of ensuring appropriate levels of investments for one of the oldest and most respected names in automotive history. The funds have not been wasted.
Despite low sales volumes, BMW has ensured Rolls-Royce retains a unique and individual identity and created a loyal following among a new breed of Rolls-Royce customers.
BMW is to be highly commended for treating the revered name of Rolls-Royce with the dignity and respect it duly deserves – despite what some may see as an anachronistic reflection of a dated name.
Well done, BMW, take a bow, for putting your money where your mouth is, and banking on Rolls-Royce as its flagship marque.
ALFA ROMEO'S WORKERS' WAGON
INIFINITI Q30 - WHAT'S IN A NAME?
SHOULD INFINITI BE LIMITED?
DEATH OF THE SPORTS CAR?
A TRIBUTE TO INITIATIVE AND PERSISTENCE
DRIVEN PERSONALITIES - Michael Simcoe
GM-HOLDEN'S "SPARK OF LIFE"
PACKING LIGHT
SIX IS A PREMIUM NUMBER
MY UNDISTINGUISHED PAST HISTORY WITH A ROLLS-ROYCE
BALENO & THE BRIDE
JAGUAR F-PACE - FAST & FABULOUS
PRICING, PERCEPTIONS & POSITIVE OUTCOMES - FOR EVE...
WHAT'S WRONG WITH LITHIUM BATTERIES?
BALENO - SUZUKI'S LITTLE, BIG STORY
ASTON MARTIN & ZAGATO - BRITAIN & ITALY AT ITS BEST
LIFE: AND THE OBSCENITY OF WAR
FLAIR de FRANCE
RENAULT KOLEOS - CREATURE avec COMFORT
CMF - A BIG WINNER FOR THE ALLIANCE
ALLIANCE ALERT!!
MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE
LIFE & ELECTIONS


text:
Johns Hopkins Admissions Essays
Johns Hopkins Facts
Unlock All Essays
About Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins is Located in Baltimore, MD
Johns Hopkins Stats
15% acceptance rate
21,484 enrolled students
$48,710 tuition & fees
#10 in US News & World Report
Johns Hopkins Facts — you should know this stuff!
The Johns Hopkins University (informally Johns Hopkins, JHU, or just Hopkins) is a not-for-profit private research university based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The university was founded on January 22, 1876, and named for its benefactor, the philanthropist Johns Hopkins. Daniel Coit Gilman was inaugurated as the first president on February 22, 1876.
Johns Hopkins maintains campuses in Maryland; Washington, D.C.; Italy; China and Singapore. The university is organized into two undergraduate divisions and five graduate divisions on two main campuses—the Homewood campus and the Medical Institutions campus—both located in Baltimore. The university also consists of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, the Peabody Institute, the Carey Business School, and various other facilities.
Johns Hopkins pioneered the concept of the modern research university in the United States and has ranked among the world's top such universities throughout its history. The National Science Foundation (NSF) has ranked Johns Hopkins #1 among U.S. academic institutions in total science, medical and engineering research and development spending for 31 consecutive years. As of 2011, thirty-seven Nobel Prize winners have been affiliated with Johns Hopkins, and the university's research is among the most cited in the world.
Read the top 0 college essays that worked at Johns Hopkins and more. Learn more.
Top Johns Hopkins Essays
It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it. Aristotle
Copyright © 2006-2016 Study Notes, LLC. Made in Stanford, California. Privacy / Terms / Photo Credits / Protected by Socket"Johns Hopkins" is a registered trademark of Johns Hopkins University, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this web site. Advanced Placement, AP, and SAT are registered trademarks of the CollegeBoard, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this web site.


The luxury apartment is really the same with comfortable living. This is the place which you would call home and where you are going to return after such hectic schedule in the office or the workplace. This will be the place where you can relax. The most fantastic feeling of happiness as you sip a cup of coffee, watch your favorite show on TV and others. It could be a three-bedroom or a two-bedroom pad, the home should have such perfect blend of aesthetics and fantastic amenities. Here are the things that you need to take into account prior to looking for luxury apartments.
Ensure that the property that you go for has a perfect location. Such apartment living must have a balance of great location, ambiance and connectivity. Before you move to a new apartment, then you have to be sure that this is near the schools, the hospitals, the shopping centers, transport services and those recreational centers. You must see if the place is also free from pollution and comes with the lowest crime rates. Make sure that you are also able to find fantastic schools and colleges. These are just a few things that you should consider when it comes to investing in that luxury apartment. You must be able to get these things or information from the real estate agent or the property manager.
The luxury apartment that you find must have high floors and this should also give natural lighting. The apartment must not just provide great amenities but this must also come with high ceilings and also floors to make sure that there is natural lighting as well as ventilation. Be sure that you look for a property that has a great city view.
Be sure that you are also looking for a place with the best amenities. There must be a fantastic fitness center, spacious bedroom, modern kitchen appliances, swimming pool, parking facilities, elevators, covered balconies, granite countertops and Wi-Fi connectivity. You should be able to get these great amenities. You shouldn't settle for other than the best.
A luxury apartment is also a fantastic place where your family and friends can party. You may gather your friends or loved ones for you to host that party over the weekend. If you are thinking about hosting such pool party, then you can also make use of the community swimming pool. However, you need to be sure that you get the landlord's approval prior to the event. A lot of the luxury city apartments come with outdoor barbecue area where you may accommodate the guests when preparing that delicious meat and vegetables.


This is a beautiful, ready-to-build on 12.55 acres on Allison Creek! Huge Views, lots of pasture and a large creek-fed POND! Expired 4BR septic on file. No restrictions, perfect for an RV (while you build) and bring your horses. CREEK FRONTAGE of 1,065 feet. If you are looking for some of the best land in Macon County, you just have to see this one!!
We met John "online" when looking for property in the Franklin area a couple of years ago. He helped us find the perfect house and most recently, helped us locate some land. We love his responsiveness and integrity. He knows the area very well and has an amazing "can do" spirit. It is without reservation that I recommend John Becker.


So basically child signals -> delayed to next tick -> parent wakes up.
fact the traces show that on an idle system the parent will not be scheduled until the next tick.
Is this delay on sigchild expected behavior ?


San Francisco! The Bad Asians are coming for you. On Saturday, August 9, six API comedians will take the stage for Bad Asians: A Comedy Showcase, presented by API Cultural Center, Bindlestiff Studio and The Colossal Show. Headlining that night is Kevin Shea, seen on Comedy Central, HBO and Jimmy Kimmel Live.
BAD ASIANS - A comedy showcase comes to San Francisco featuring six of the baddest Asian Pacific Islander American stand up comics.
With performances by Kevin Shea, Francesca Fiorentini, Imran G, Samson Koletkar, Dash Kwiatkowski, and David Nguyen.
APICC - A San Francisco arts nonprofit founded in 1996 whose mission is to support and produce multidisciplinary art reflective of the unique experiences of Asian Pacific Islanders living in the United States.
THE COLOSSAL SHOW - The Bay Area's newest variety show and incubator of eclectic comedians featuring a diverse range of sharp and scintillating performers who embrace their idiosyncrasies and explore their creative frontiers.
Tickets are $15, but enter in "knockknock" when you order online and get $5 off. For further information about the event, head over to the API Cultural Center's website.


text:
package com.hazelcast.transaction.impl;

import com.hazelcast.transaction.TransactionException;
import com.hazelcast.transaction.TransactionOptions.TransactionType;

public interface Transaction {

    void begin() throws IllegalStateException;

    void prepare() throws TransactionException;

    void commit() throws TransactionException, IllegalStateException;

    void rollback() throws IllegalStateException;

    String getTxnId();

    State getState();

    long getTimeoutMillis();

    void add(TransactionLogRecord record);

    void remove(Object key);

    TransactionLogRecord get(Object key);

    String getOwnerUuid();

    boolean isOriginatedFromClient();

    TransactionType getTransactionType();

    enum State {
        NO_TXN,
        ACTIVE,
        PREPARING,
        PREPARED,
        COMMITTING,
        COMMITTED,
        COMMIT_FAILED,
        ROLLING_BACK,
        ROLLED_BACK
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
module LoginRadius
  class Error < StandardError
    def initialize(msg = 'An error occurred.')
      super(msg)
    end
  end
end


Triumph Speedtwin 1956 Pre-unit, in very nice original condition. With matching numbers and its original registration number.650cc Thunderbird head.Starts, Runs and rides very well with everything working as it should. Also come with it, old buff logbook, receipts, invoices, past Mot's and its current V5C log book. Ready to ride…Registration number is valued over £1400.


text:
The European Physical Journal A
June 2019 , 55:92 | Cite as
Verification of R-matrix calculations for charged-particle reactions in the resolved resonance region for the 7Be system
Ian J. Thompson
R. J. deBoer
P. Dimitriou
S. Kunieda
M. T. Pigni
G. Arbanas
H. Leeb
Th. Srdinko
G. Hale
P. Tamagno
P. Archier
R-matrix theory is used to describe nuclear reactions in the resolved resonance region. It uses information on bound states and low energy resonances to accurately parametrize cross sections on the resonances as well as the non-resonant background. Since the seminal work of Lane and Thomas (1958), the approach has been widely used to analyze experimental cross-section data in a broad range of fields spanning nuclear reaction dynamics, nuclear astrophysics, ion beam analysis and their applications. Different R-matrix codes have been developed and used in these different applications with very little communication among the developers or practitioners on the capabilities, achievements or limitations of the codes. A limited comparison among three R-matrix codes on neutron-induced reactions was performed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International Evaluation of Neutron Cross Section Standards project (2007). Since then, significant progress has been made in their implementation of the R-matrix algorithms, and R-matrix codes have enhanced capabilities. In this paper we present, for the first time, the results of a comprehensive effort to verify the most widely used R-matrix codes in the various fields of nuclear science and applications: AMUR, AZURE2, CONRAD, EDA, FRESCO, GECCCOS, and SAMMY. In addition to the description of the capabilities of the codes and their specifications, we discuss the results of a joint exercise which was coordinated by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The aim of the exercise was to compare calculations of charged-particle reaction cross sections for the light composite system 7Be. The calculations were performed by the codes using identical input R-matrix parameters and other specifications and were limited to charged-particle channels.
Communicated by N. Alamanos
Data Availability Statement
This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors' comment: All data generated during this study are contained in this published article.]
The EPJ Publishers remain neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Technical Report IAEA TECDOC-1780, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria (2015)Google Scholar
Ion beam analysis nuclear data library, http://www-nds.iaea.org/ibandl, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
P. Dimitriou, V. Semkova, V. Zerkin, EPJ Web of Conferences 146, 09014 (2017)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
A. Gurbich, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 371, 27 (2016)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
S. Simakov, Q.Y. van den Berg, Nucl. Data Sheets 139, 190 (2017)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
C. Angulo, M. Arnould, M. Rayet, P. Descouvemont, D. Baye, C. Leclercq-Willain, A. Coc, S. Barhoumi, P. Aguer, C. Rolfs et al., Nucl. Phys. A 656, 3 (1999)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Y. Xu, K. Takahashi, S. Goriely, M. Arnould, M. Ohta, H. Utsunomiya, Nucl. Phys. A 918, 61 (2013)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
R.H. Cyburt, A.M. Amthor, R. Ferguson, Z. Meisel, K. Smith, S. Warren, A. Heger, R.D. Hoffman, T. Rauscher, A. Sakharuk et al., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 189, 240 (2010)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Y. Xu, S. Goriely, A. Jorissen, G.L. Chen, M. Arnould, Astron. Astrophys. 549, A106 (2013)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
I. Dillmann, R. Plag, F. Käppeler, T. Rauscher, KADoNiS v0.3 - The third update of the "Karlsruhe Astrophysical Database of Nucleosynthesis in Stars" (2010)Google Scholar
Computational Infrastructure for Nuclear Astrophysics, http://nucastrodata.org/
P. Dimitriou, R.J. deBoer, S. Kunieda, H. Leeb, M. Paris, T. Srdinko, I.J. Thompson, Technical Report INDC(NDS)-0703, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria (2016) https://www-nds.iaea.org/publications/indc/indc-nds-0703.pdf
H. Leeb, P. Dimitriou, I.J. Thompson, Technical Report INDC(NDS)-0726, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria (2017) https://www-nds.iaea.org/publications/indc/indc-nds-0726.pdf
Technical Report STI/PUB/1291, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria (2007)Google Scholar
A.M. Lane, R.G. Thomas, Rev. Mod. Phys. 30, 257 (1958)ADSMathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
P. Descouvemont, D. Baye, Rep. Prog. Phys. 73, 036301 (2010)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
C.R. Brune, Phys. Rev. C 66, 044611 (2002)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
C.W. Reich, M.S. Moore, Phys. Rev. 111, 929 (1958)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
F. Froehner, JEFF Report 18 (2001), see eq. (196)Google Scholar
G. Arbanas, V. Sobes, A. Holcomb, P. Ducru, M. Pigni, D. Wiarda, EPJ Web of Conferences 146, 12006 (2017)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
S. Kunieda, EPJ Web of Conferences 146, 12029 (2017)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
E.P. Wigner, L. Eisenbud, Phys. Rev. 72, 29 (1947)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
T. Kawano, H. Matsunobu, T. Murata, A. Zukeran, Y. Nakajima, M. Kawai, O. Iwamoto, K. Shibata, T. Nakagawa, T. Ohsawa et al., J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 37, 327 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
R.E. Azuma, E. Uberseder, E.C. Simpson, C.R. Brune, H. Costantini, R.J. de Boer, J. Görres, M. Heil, P.J. LeBlanc, C. Ugalde et al., Phys. Rev. C 81, 045805 (2010)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
E. Uberseder, R.J. deBoer, AZURE2 User Manual (2015) azure.nd.eduGoogle Scholar
R.J. deBoer, J. Görres, M. Wiescher, R.E. Azuma, A. Best, C.R. Brune, C.E. Fields, S. Jones, M. Pignatari, D. Sayre et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 035007 (2017)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
The GSL Team, GSL 2.5 Documentation (2018) https://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/doc/
N. Michel, Comput. Phys. Commun. 176, 232 (2007)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minuit2, release 2008, http://seal.web.cern.ch/seal/snapshot/work-packages/mathlibs/minuit/
G. D'Agostini, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 346, 306 (1994)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
L. Wolfenstein, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 6, 43 (1956)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
R. Newton, Scattering Theory of Waves and Particles, Dover Books on Physics (Dover Publications, 2002)Google Scholar
I.J. Thompson, Comput. Phys. Rep. 7, 167 (1988)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fresco coupled reaction channels calculations (2006) http://www.fresco.org.uk
Scattering code FRESCO for coupled-channels calculations (2017) https://github.com/I-Thompson/fresco
A. Koning, S. Hilaire, S. Goriely, TALYS - A nuclear reaction program (2015) http://www.talys.eu/home/
I. Thompson, A. Barnett, Comput. Phys. Commun. 36, 363 (1985)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
B. Adams, L. Bauman, W. Bohnhoff, K. Dalbey, M. Ebeida, J. Eddy, M. Eldred, P. Hough, K. Hu, J. Jakeman, DAKOTA, A Multilevel Parallel Object-Oriented Framework for Design Optimization, Parameter Estimation, Uncertainty Quantification, and Sensitivity Analysis: Version 5.4 User's Manual, Sandia Technical Report SAND2010-2183 (2009), updated April 2013Google Scholar
N.M. Larson, Technical Report ORNL/TM-9179/R8, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2008)Google Scholar
P. Archier, C. De Saint Jean, O. Litaize, G. Noguère, L. Berge, E. Privas, P. Tamagno, Nucl. Data Sheets 118, 488 (2014)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
J. Raynal, Technical Report CEA-N-2772, pp. 1--145, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, Saclay, France (1994)Google Scholar
B. Habert, C. De Saint Jean, G. Noguère, L. Leal, Y. Rugama, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 166, 276 (2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
M. Herman, A. Trkov, ENDF-6 Formats Manual, (Brookhaven National Laboratory, 2009) bNL-90365-2009Google Scholar
B. Beck, C. Mattoon, Technical Report, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (2014) lLNL-PROC-648476Google Scholar
C. Mattoon, B. Beck, N. Patel, N. Summers, G. Hedstrom, D. Brown, Nucl. Data Sheets 113, 3145 (2012)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
F. Barker, Aust. J. Phys. 25, 341 (1972)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
N. Otuka, E. Dupont, V. Semkova, B. Pritychenko, A. Blokhin, M. Aikawa, S. Babykina, M. Bossant, G. Chen, S. Dunaeva et al., Nucl. Data Sheets 120, 272 (2014)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
R.J. Spiger, T.A. Tombrello, Phys. Rev. 163, 964 (1967)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
A. Barnard, C. Jones, G. Phillips, Nucl. Phys. 50, 629 (1964)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
T.A. Tombrello, P.D. Parker, Phys. Rev. 130, 1112 (1963)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
J.A. McCray, Phys. Rev. 130, 2034 (1963)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
A.J. Elwyn, R.E. Holland, C.N. Davids, L. Meyer-Schützmeister, F.P. Mooring, W. Ray, Phys. Rev. C 20, 1984 (1979)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
© Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
1.Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreUSA
2.The Joint Institution of Nuclear AstrophysicsUniversity Notre DameNotre DameUSA
3.Department of PhysicsUniversity Notre DameNotre DameUSA
4.Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesInternational Atomic Energy AgencyViennaAustria
5.Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTokaiJapan
6.Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeUSA
7.AtominstitutTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
8.Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical DivisionLos AlamosUSA
9.CEA-DEN Cadarache, DER/SPRC/LEPhSaint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance
Thompson, I.J., deBoer, R.J., Dimitriou, P. et al. Eur. Phys. J. A (2019) 55: 92. https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12753-y
Accepted 06 April 2019
DOI https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12753-y


text:
North Star Roller Derby
North Star Roller Derby is a member-run, nonprofit roller derby league based in Minneapolis. Skaters play a version of the roller derby you may have seen on TV in the 80s, but on a flat track instead of a banked track. It's a full contact athletic competition with rules and regulations.
NSRD's main focus is athleticism and the empowerment of women both on and off the track. As a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA), NSRD advocates for the growth of roller derby in Minnesota and throughout the world. NSRD skaters are also proud members of their community and partner with local artists, musicians, businesses and charities to enrich their home.
NSRD plays often at the Lee & Rose Warner Coliseum. At the Coliseum, they've been able to enhance fans' experience with videos, a beer garden, and special box seats.
North Star Roller Derby aims to build awareness and promote the sport of roller derby through training, community engagement, and competition at a local, national, and international level. Through advocating teamwork, engagement and athleticism at all levels, we aim to empower women and non-binary athletes both on and off the derby track.


text:
Paju Prepares for Annual Documentary Film Festival
An international documentary film festival will begin its seven-day run in the demilitarized zone on Friday. In its fourth year, "DMZ Docs" is being co-hosted by Gyeonggi Province and Paju city.
The opening ceremony will be held in Dorasan Station in the civilian control zone. It will be attended by Governor Kim Moon-su, also head of the organizing committee, actor Cho Jae-hyun, executive committee chair, and the boy band 2AM, who are serving as promotional ambassadors.
Other attendees include director Kim Ki-duk, who won the Golden Lion award for best picture at this year's Venice International Film Festival with his latest film "Pieta", and starring actors Jo Min-soo and Lee Jung-jin. The director has visited the festival every year since it was inaugurated.
The opening British film "Ping Pong" portrays a global table tennis competition for the elderly.
Source : english.chosun.com/si...
(피에타 - 2012)
LG Heats Up Smartphone War with Release of Optimus G
LG Electronics vice president Park Jong-suk (center) shows the Optimus G smartphones at the ,...More
AustCham Korea to host charity event
A poster for the "2012 Chairman's Night Dancing under the Stars", a charity event to be held at Cu,...More
Nature meets pottery
Potter Hwang Chong-rae explains how the "gwiyal", or paint brush technique, is applied to a tradit,...More


text:
package ru.job4j.loop;

import org.junit.Test;

import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

/**
 * Тесты для класса Counter.
 *
 * @author - b.savelev (mailto: justmustdie@yandex.ru)
 * @version - 1.0
 * @since 0.1
 */
public class CounterTest {

    /**
     * Тест, проверяющий работу метода Counter.add().
     * Проверяется известная сумма четных чисел в диапазоне 1-10.
     */
    @Test
    public void whenGiveIntervalFromOneToTenThenGetThirty() {
        Counter counter = new Counter();
        int result = counter.add(1, 10);
        assertThat(result, is(30));
    }
}


text:
Home > india > 'NEP, a revolutionary document'
'NEP, a revolutionary document'
2,225 students receive degrees in person
Terming the National Educational Policy (NEP) 2020 a revolutionary document, Governor and Chancellor R.N. Ravi said on Thursday that it envisions an educational system rooted in the Indian ethos enabling the transformation of the nation into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society.
The policy is aimed at creating a "new India" that leads the world, which was the dream of revolutionary poet and freedom fighter Bharathidasan and his mentor Subramania Bharathi, he said speaking at the 37th convocation of Bharathidasan University after awarding degrees to students. He expected Bharathidasan University to survey the area of its coverage, dig up those (unsung) heroes and build profiles of their contributions (in the struggle for India's freedom), lest they are lost forever.
The policy places thrust on ending certain hurdles in the present educational system that includes fragmentation of higher education in narrow divisions instead of being inter-disciplinary and holistic, sub-optimal governance and leadership of higher educational institutions, inadequate development of cognitive skills and learning outcomes, rigid separation of disciplines, limited access, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged areas, and limited teacher and institutional autonomy.
Other initiatives for building a new India include Swasth Bharat, Samruddha Bharat, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Jal Jeevan Mission, Jan Dhan Yojana, Online Education, Direct Benefit Transfer, Enhanced MSP, Indigenous Defence Industrial Complex, Global Collaboration, Multilateral Initiatives, and many more for building an inclusive progressive and a India, a role model for the world.
He awarded degrees to 2,225 candidates in person, that included 2,139 Ph.D. graduands. A total of 1,04,006 UG, PG and M.Phil graduands received their degrees in absentia.
Pro-Chancellor and State Higher Education Minister K.Ponmudi said it has become necessary for teachers to adapt themselves to the requirement of imparting practical skills. The government was keen on making the learning process multi-disciplinary in nature be it for engineering or social sciences subjects, Mr. Ponmudi said. The need of the hour was to frame content accordingly to promote lateral thinking, he said.
P. Kanagasabapathi said it is time that the education system is connected to the ground realities. Each nation has its own unique characteristics, he said, to drive home the point that much of the 'universal models' developed in the West need not be taken as the guiding paths in the Indian situation.
Vice-Chancellor M. Selvam listed the achievements by the various departments, in his report.
Higher Education Minister K. Ponmudi, during the course of his address at the convocation, sought the Governor's support to the Tamil Nadu's three-language policy.
"The State is indeed in favour of students learning a third language in addition to English and mother tongue. It could be Hindi or Malayalayam or Telugu. But, the learners must make the choice. There should be no compulsion with regard to learning a third language," Mr. Ponmudi emphasised.
Previous Post:Pilgrims can stay overnight at Pampa
Next Post:Blac Chyna Under Investigation For Holding A Woman Hostage At 'Drug-Fueled' Party?!


text:
Purging Yourself of Stoicism
By Cassius Amicus Published August 1, 2015 Featured, Friendship, Stoicism (Against)
I believe the most important task that any modern student of Epicurus can do is to examine his or her own thoughts to identify the Stoicisms that have been absorbed from the modern culture, and purge them as quickly and effectively as possible. This morning a friend (D.V.) pointed me to an article which I think is very helpful in framing this need – an article entitled "The Stoics And Epicureans On Friendship Sex and Love" at the Montreal Review. As usual, the article approaches Epicurean and Stoic philosophy from the modern perspective that they are essentially similar, rather than from the point of view held by the people who knew the philosophy best – the ancient Epicureans and Stoics – who knew each others to be philosophical enemies-to-the-death. Writers like Mr. Kreitner insist on blurring the opposite definitions of the goals of life held by the two schools, and so the article largely portrays the two views on friendship, sex, and love as similar, rather than polar opposites. That's the common result when one fails to realize that Epicurus taught that friendship, sex, and love should be approached intelligently, so as to maximize the pleasure we can receive from friendship, sex, and love, while minimizing the pain that can accompany them if they are not pursued intelligently. The Stoics taught the OPPOSITE goal – that these three should be repressed as enemies of their abstract devotion to "virtue" 'and "worthiness."
If you don't understand this distinction then you will be led further down the road to confusion, but if you do understand the distinction, the article is highly valuable for outlining some key differences. One of the best is this summary of Stoicism from Epictetus:
"Epictetus argues in the Discourses that friendship is only possible after the removal of any attachments to things in the external world, which tend to cause conflict between potential friends…Epictetus argues that if we see animals playing, we think they are friends. But that is only true in that particular moment, when they are playing; it is not always the case: "To see what friendship is, throw a piece of meat among them and you will learn." … Only when we surrender our claims on all external things – such as, though as we will see not limited to, property – can we establish sincere friendships deserving of the name. Anything less is only appearance and not reality… Since Moral Worth is the only good in Stoic philosophy, only wise men – those who know what is good and what is not – can truly be friends. Thus not only is friendship possible for the Stoic, but only for the Stoic is friendship possible."
This is hogwash, and the ancient Epicureans knew it to be so. We can find direct reference to this in Cicero's "On Ends" where the Epicurean Torquatus answers this argument at length:
XX. There remains a topic that is pre-eminently germane to this discussion, I mean the subject of Friendship. Your school maintains that if pleasure be the Chief Good, friendship will cease to exist. Now Epicurus's pronouncement about friendship is that of all the means to happiness that wisdom has devised, none is greater, none more fruitful, none more delightful than this. Nor did he only commend this doctrine by his eloquence, but far more by the example of his life and conduct. How great a thing such friendship is, is shown by the mythical stories of antiquity. Review the legends from the remotest ages, and, copious and varied as they are, you will barely find in them three pairs of friends, beginning with Theseus and ending with Orestes. Yet Epicurus in a single house and that a small one maintained a whole company of friends, united by the closest sympathy and affection; and this still goes on in the Epicurean school.
But to return to our subject, for there is no need of personal instances: I notice that the topic of friendship has been treated by Epicureans in three ways:
(1) Some have denied that pleasures affecting our friends are in themselves to be desired by us in the same degree as we desire our own pleasures. This doctrine is thought by some critics to undermine the foundations of friendship; however, its supporters defend their position, and in my opinion have no difficulty in making good their ground. They argue that friendship can no more be sundered from pleasure than can the virtues, which we have discussed already. A solitary, friendless life must be beset by secret dangers and alarms. Hence reason itself advises the acquisition of friends; their possession gives confidence, and a firmly rooted hope of winning pleasure. And just as hatred, jealousy, and contempt are hindrances to pleasure, so friendship is the most trustworthy preserver and also creator of pleasure alike for our friends and for ourselves. It affords us enjoyment in the present, and it inspires us with hopes for the near and distant future.
Thus it is not possible to secure uninterrupted gratification in life without friendship, nor yet to preserve friendship itself unless we love our friends as much as ourselves. Hence this unselfishness does occur in friendship, while also friendship is closely linked with pleasure. For we rejoice in our friends' joy as much as in our own, and are equally pained by their sorrows. Therefore the Wise Man will feel exactly the same towards his friend as he does towards himself, and will exert himself as much for his friend's pleasure as he would for his own. All that has been said about the essential connection of the virtues with pleasure must be repeated about friendship. Epicurus well said (I give almost his exact words): "The same creed that has given us courage to overcome all fear of everlasting or long-enduring evil hereafter, has discerned that friendship is our strongest safeguard in this present term of life."
(2) Other Epicureans though by no means lacking in insight are a little less courageous in defying the opprobrious criticisms of the Academy. They fear that if we hold friendship to be desirable only for the pleasure that it affords to ourselves, it will be thought that it is crippled altogether. They therefore say that the first advances and overtures, and the original inclination to form an attachment, are prompted by the desire for pleasure, but that when the progress of intercourse has led to intimacy, the relationship blossoms into an affection strong enough to make us love our friends for their own sake, even though no practical advantage accrues from their friendship, Does not familiarity endear to us localities, temples, cities, gymnasia, and playing-grounds, horses and hounds, gladiatorial shows and fights with wild beasts, then how much more natural and reasonable that this should be able to happen in our intercourse with our fellow-men!
(3) The third view is that wise men have made a sort of compact to love their friends no less than themselves. We can understand the possibility of this, and we often see it happen. Clearly no more effective means to happiness could be found than such an alliance.
All these considerations go to prove not only that the theory of friendship is not embarrassed by the identification of the Chief Good with pleasure, but also that without this no foundation for friendship whatsoever can be found.
In this answer, Torquatus' second rationale betrays that even in the ancient world, some Epicureans were yielding to the seductions of Stoicism and losing the courage of their founder in denying the orthodoxy.
The key to reviving Epicurean philosophy in the modern world, and in one's own life, is to regain that courage, seek out the Stoic corruptions that have entered your mind through today's culture, and systematically eliminate them. The only way to eliminate these confusions is to study them and refer to the insights of Epicurus, because "if you do not on every occasion refer each of your actions to the ultimate end prescribed by nature, but instead of this in the act of choice or avoidance turn to some other end, your actions will not be consistent with your theories." PD25
This article in the Montreal Review contains numerous other examples of how Stoic and Epicurean positions can be confused together if we don't keep in mind the ultimate goal. I hope to come back to them again in the future, and I hope other students of Epicurus will use the examples in the article to dig into the differences between the philosophies.
*Action* As A Requirement of Pleasure
Unwinding A Confusion About the Faculty of Pleasure By Considering the Nature of Money


text:
Eric Sweeney
A Dubliner by birth, Eric Sweeney has lived in Waterford since 1981 where he was Head of Music at Waterford Institute of Technology until he retired in 2010. Previously he lectured in music at the Dublin College of Music (now Dublin Institute of Technology) and at Trinity College. He was Choral Director at RTE from 1978-1981. A frequent visitor to North America he has been composer-in-residence at the Newport Festival Rhode Island, Memorial University, Newfoundland, the University of Illinois, Indiana State University and the University of Portland, Oregon among others. He is a member of Aosdána, Ireland's state-sponsored academy of creative artists.
His music has been played by such orchestras as the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Prague Chamber Orchestra, Taunton Sinfonietta, National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland, RTE Concert Orchestra, Irish Chamber Orchestra, Birmingham Conservatoire Orchestra and the Ulster Orchestra.
Major works include Dance Music commissioned by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the cantata Deirdre commissioned by RTE (the Irish national radio and television network) Figurations for guitar commissioned by the Spanish Cultural Institute and Music for a Festival commissioned by Festival International de Musique Universitaire, Belfort, France.
Other commissions have included the Mass of St Patrick and the Evening Canticles for St Patrick's Cathedral,Dublin, Slow Air for the European Union Chamber Orchestra, and the cantata Hymn to Gaia, a setting of texts from Muslim, Buddhist and Native American sources, together with a range of eco-poetry reflecting on our relationship with the environment.
Recent projects include incidental music for the film Down the Ladder commissioned for the Copper Coast Geopark in Bunmahon and Evening: The Lighthouse at Hook Head commissioned for the New Ross Piano Festival. Major works include three concertos and three operas: The Green One (2013), The Invader (2014) and Ulysses (2015).
Organist and choirmaster of Christ Church Cathedral Waterford, he began organ lessons while still a choirboy at St Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin studying with the cathedral organist W.S. Greig. He later studied with Flor Peeters in Belgium and, with the aid of an Italian Government scholarship, with Fernando Germani in Rome. He has given recitals throughout Ireland both North and South as well as in England, Sweden, Italy, France and America and his programmes reflect a special interest in contemporary music.
He has become well known also for his organ improvisations to silent movies which include The Phantom of the Opera, Dracula and Nosferatu. He collaborated with the rock group 3epkano for an improvisation to the 1930′s classic film The Cabinet of Dr Caligari at the Kilkenny Arts Festival.