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Tools / Prevention Policies Directory / Results
Prevention Policies Directory
Access current Canadian policies. Learn from other jurisdictions. Inform change.
All Prevention Policies
Infectious agents (12)
Occupational and environmental exposures (21)
Physical activity (24)
Tobacco use (10)
UV and ionizing radiation (6)
Policy intervention
Active transportation (18)
Bicycle helmet (3)
Bicycling infrastructure (4)
Bike share (0)
Complete streets (0)
Intermodal transportation (0)
Parking management (14)
Pedestrian infrastructure (16)
Public transit (15)
Rural context (1)
Snow clearing (11)
Streetscaping (1)
Hours of sale (0)
Outlet density (1)
Infectious Agents (6)
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) (0)
Hepatitis B (HBV) (6)
Hepatitis C (HCV) (1)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) (6)
Minor consent (1)
Breast-feeding (0)
Community gardens (0)
Farmers' markets (0)
Food labelling (0)
Food literacy education (1)
Food promotion (1)
Food provision (4)
Food retail (0)
Healthy food marketing (0)
Marketing to children (1)
Menu labelling (0)
Mobile vendors (0)
Nutrition labelling (0)
Nutritional standards (0)
Sales of unhealthy foods (0)
Traditional foods (0)
Trans-fat (0)
Costs recovery (0)
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) (1)
Flavoured tobacco (0)
Multi-unit dwelling (1)
Parks and beaches (0)
Point-of-sale promotion (0)
Product display (0)
Smoke-free place (5)
Smokeless tobacco (1)
Tobacco advertising (0)
Tobacco cessation (1)
Tobacco products (2)
Tobacco promotion (0)
Tobacco sales (0)
Tobacco smoke (5)
Tobacco sponsorship (0)
Tobacco taxation (0)
Vehicle with minors (0)
Water pipe (0)
Youth access (0)
Ultraviolet Radiation (3)
Artificial UVR (2)
Indoor tanning (2)
Protective clothing (0)
Solar UVR (1)
Statute (78)
Childcare facilities (0)
Correctional facilities (0)
Hospital/long-term care facilities (1)
Parks & Crown Land (9)
Population/community-wide (92)
Publicly-owned buildings (0)
Recreation/community centres (3)
Municipal/Regional (1)
Provincial/Territorial (91)
Canada-wide
Canada-wide (9)
Fredericton (0)
Moncton (0)
Conception Bay South (0)
St. John's (0)
Hay River (0)
Yellowknife (0)
Region of Queens Municipality (0)
Arviat (1)
Iqaluit (0)
Regional Municipality of Peel (0)
Charlottetown (0)
Summerside (0)
Longueuil (0)
Québec City (0)
Whitehorse (0)
Policy status
Inactive (21)
We've listed 101 policies under your selection of "Risk factor". The most recently adopted policies are first.
Occupational Health and Safety Act, SA 2017, c O-2.1
Location: Alberta
Risk factor: General, Occupational and environmental exposures, UV and ionizing radiation
Policy intervention: Solar UVR, Ultraviolet Radiation
Year last amended:
Year of adoption: 2017
This Act requires that every employer shall ensure, as far as it is reasonably practicable for the employer to do so, the health and safety of workers engaged in the work of that employer and workers not engaged in work, but present on the work site.
Rouge National Urban Park Act, SC 2015, c 10
Location: Canada-wide
Risk factor: Built environment, General, Nutrition
Policy intervention: Local food, Food provision, Nutrition
Year last amended: 2017
Youth Assistance Act, SNB 2014, c 137
Location: New Brunswick
Risk factor: General, Physical activity
Policy intervention:
This Act allows the Minister of Healthy and Inclusive Communities, in accordance with the regulations, to provide financial assistance to an amateur sport body or a recreation body to aid and encourage the establishment or development of amateur sport and recreation in the Province.
Rural Community of Hanwell Regulation, NB Reg 2014-30
This regulation outlines services provided by the Rural Community of Hanwell, including land use planning, community services, recreational and sports facilities, street lighting, and garbage and refuse collection and disposal.
National Health and Fitness Day Act, SC 2014, c 34
This Act aims to establish a national day to promote health and fitness for all Canadians. This day will take place the first Saturday in June while the Canadian Environment Week. Many local events and initiatives will celebrate and promote, among others, the importance and use of local health, recreational, sports and fitness facilities, as well as walking and cycling which are great ways to reduce vehicle pollution and improve physical fitness.
Health Authorities Act, SNS 2014, c 32
Risk factor: General
This Act governs Nova Scotia's District Health Authorities. The object of the District Health Authorities includes maintaining and improving the health of residents of the district.
The Workers Compensation Act, CCSM c W200
Location: Manitoba
The Workers Compensation Act for the province of Manitoba concerns both the prevention of injuries and compensation for workers who sustain an injury in the workplace. The Workers Compensation Board may take part in various activities that ensure prevention of disease and injury in the workplace such as promote public awareness of workplace safety and health and injury and disease prevention; develop an annual workplace injury and disease prevention plan to be submitted to the minister; publish reports, studies or recommendations about workplace safety and health and injury and disease prevention, etc.
Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012, SC 2012, c 19, s 52
Risk factor: General, Occupational and environmental exposures
This Act was established with the purpose of protecting environmental and human health that may be impacted by the completion of designated projects (some of which may be linked to federal authorities like the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) through the application of the precautionary principle.
The Regulated Health Professions Act, CCSM c R117
This Act governs the practice of a regulated health profession and permits the minister to authorize a person or class of persons to perform one or more reserved acts (listed in section 4 of this Act) to provide health care to prevent, eliminate, remedy, reduce or otherwise address a threat presented in a public health emergency.
The Northern Municipalities Act, 2010, SS 2010, c N-5.2
Location: Saskatchewan
Risk factor: Built environment, General, Physical activity
Policy intervention: Parking management, Public transit, Road safety, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Alberta Health Act, SA 2010, c A-19.5
The Alberta Health Act will require the Minister of Health and Wellness to establish: a health charter that sets out expectations and responsibilities within the health system; a health advocate to address citizen concerns with the health system as they relate to the health charter; and a process to provide for public input in the development of health regulations made under the Act.
Arviat Community Plan
Location: Arviat, Nunavut
This plan is responsible for guiding physical development until 2030. It designates Open Space zones for parks and walking trails and requires that playgrounds be located within a 300 metre walking distance from any residence in the community.
Health Services Act, RSPEI 1988, c H-1.6
Location: Prince Edward Island
This Act concerns the provision of health services which, by definition in this legislation, includes the prevention of illness or injury and the promotion or maintenance of health.
Information Sharing Regulation, Man Reg 30/2009
This regulation allows a director, medical officer, public health inspector or public health nurse to disclose information to persons listed in section 2(2) of this regulation to prevent, lessen or deal with threats to health.
Alberta Cancer Foundation Regulation, Alta Reg 70/2009
This regulation outlines the powers and duties of the Alberta Cancer Foundation as well as it's objectives
Cancer Registry Regulation, Alta Reg 71/2009
This regulation outlines what information is collected in the cancer registry. The information in the cancer registry may be used to assist in cancer research, education and prevention.
Disease Surveillance Regulations, NWT Reg 096-2009
Location: Northwest Territories
Schedule 1 of this regulation contains a list of notifiable disease or conditions (including cancers) and requires a number of cancer-related registers to be maintained for surveillance purposes. Schedule 3 of this regulation also contains a list of reportable diseases (including all forms of hepatitis).
The Public Health Act, CCSM c P210
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents, Occupational and environmental exposures, UV and ionizing radiation
Policy intervention: Artificial UVR, Eye protection, Indoor tanning, Hepatitis B (HBV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Infectious Agents, Ultraviolet Radiation
REPEALED Ministers of State Expected Results for the 2008/2009 Fiscal Year Regulation, BC Reg 37/2008
Location: British Columbia
Risk factor: Alcohol consumption, General, Nutrition, Physical activity, Tobacco use
This regulation states that the expected results that the Minister of Healthy Living and Sport is to achieve for the purposes of section 5 (3) of the Act are as follows: (a) initiate and monitor the implementation of an ActNow BC Action Plan; (b) with input from other ministries, monitor and support the evaluation of ministry-led initiatives aimed at ActNow BC targets; (c) manage a public awareness campaign for ActNow BC and its message of choosing an active and healthy lifestyle; (d) facilitate partnerships with the broader public sector, including schools, health authorities, colleges and universities, and with persons in the private sector in order to achieve ActNow BC goals; (e) report on the results referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d) to the Government Caucus Committee on Social Development.
Inuit Language Protection Act, SNu 2008, c 17
Location: Nunavut
This Act requires that an organization shall communicate with the public in the Inuit Language when delivering health services.
Public Health Act, SBC 2008, c 28
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents
This Act deals largely with the prevention of infectious diseases, which may or may not be carcinogenic, including vaccination.
Public Health Act, SNWT 2007, c 17
This Act provides a comprehensive framework for the protection and promotion of public health in the Northwest Territories. It outlines specific requirements of health care professionals when diagnosing, testing, or immunizing for a notifiable disease (includes cancers and benign tumors) and allows the Chief Public Health Officer to establish a voluntary immunization program for all or a part of the Northwest Territories. It grants the Commissioner the power to make regulations including (but not limited to) those respecting food safety, water supply, immunization for the prevention or treatment of diseases as notifiable immunizations.
Ministry of Health Regulations, 2007, RRS c G-5.1 Reg 139
This regulation describes the purpose of the Ministry of Health, which includes the coordination, development, promotion and implementation of programs and policies related to: health promotion; substance abuse; healthy eating; and mental health.
Health Professionals Advisory Committees, O Reg 264/07
This regulation describes the duties of a health professionals advisory committee established by a local health integration network, which includes supporting health promotion and wellness.
Cancer Agency Act, SS 2006, c C-1.1
Subject to The Regional Health Services Act, the agency is responsible for the planning, organization, delivery and evaluation of cancer care services throughout Saskatchewan in collaboration with regional health authorities and health care organizations. The agency is also responsible for providing services relevant to: (i) the detection, diagnosis, testing, treatment and monitoring of individuals, including follow-up care, performance outcome analysis and assessment of treatment outcomes; (ii) the provision and delivery of treatment or rehabilitation services to individuals; (iii) the education of health care providers and Saskatchewan residents respecting cancer and the prevention of cancer; (iv) the prevention and screening of individuals for cancers; (v) cancer research and studies, including statistical analysis; etc.
The Municipalities Act, SS 2005, c M-36.1
Policy intervention: Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Regional Health Authorities Act, SNL 2006, c R-7.1
Location: Newfoundland and Labrador
This Act allows for the creation of health regions and regional health authorities. It states that amongst their responsibilities is to: promote and protect the health and well-being of its region and develop and implement measures for the prevention of disease and injury and the advancement of health and well-being.
Alberta Cancer Prevention Legacy Act, SA 2006, c A-14.2
The purpose of this Act is to support and encourage cancer prevention initiatives, including research, education, public policy development and social marketing initiatives and, without restricting the generality of the foregoing, to support and promote expanded and new cancer screening programs to detect signs of cancer at an early stage; to support and promote the creation and operation of a virtual research institute to co-ordinate cancer research in Alberta; to support and promote the co-ordination of and collaboration on public, private, provincial, national and international research and screening programs; to support and encourage any other initiatives set out in the regulations.
Public Health Agency of Canada Act, SC 2006, c 5
This Act establishes the Public Health Agency of Canada for the purpose of assisting the Minister in performing duties and functions relating to public health including: health protection and promotion, population health assessment, health surveillance, disease and injury prevention, and public health emergency preparedness and response.
REPEALED Department of Health Regulations, RRS c G-5.1 Reg 119
This repealed regulation states the purpose of the Department of Health is to co-ordinate, develop, promote and implement policies and programs related to: active living; healthy eating; healthy sexuality; addictions; mental health; reduction in tobacco use; and health promotion.
Health Hazards Regulations, NS Reg 198/2005
This regulation outlines to duties of a medical officer of health in reference to the reporting of health hazards.
An Act respecting the Health and Welfare Commissioner, RSQ, c C-32.1.1
Location: Québec
This Act states that the Commissioner submits advisory opinions to the Minister on the state of health and welfare of the population in light particularly of retrospective analysis of the impact of government policy on that state.
Municipal Powers Act, RSQ, c C-47.1
Risk factor: Built environment, General, Occupational and environmental exposures, Physical activity
Policy intervention: Bicycling infrastructure, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Prostate Cancer Awareness Month Act, SS 2005, c P-29.1
This Act raises awareness of prostate cancer in Saskatchewan by designating the month of September of each year as Prostate Cancer Awareness Month in the province.
Municipalities Act, SS 2005, c M-36.1
Policy intervention: Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Facility Designation Regulations, RRS c R-8.2 Reg 6
This regulation describes the services each health care facility (addiction treatment centre; complex care centre; health centre; hospital; residential treatment centre; and special-care home) are responsible for providing prevention-related services include health education and health promotion.
Health Protection Act, SNS 2004, c 4
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents, Nutrition
Policy intervention: Drinking water, Food provision, Nutrition
Tåîchô Community Government Act, SNWT 2004, c 7
Risk factor: Built environment, General
This Act allows council to make bylaws for community purposes respecting measures including (but not limited to): the safety health and welfare of people and the protection of people and property; transport, motor vehicles, pedestrians and local transportation systems; and the management and protection of lands including land use planning.
Cities Act, SS 2002, c C-11.1
Policy intervention: Public transit, Road safety, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Natural Health Products Regulations, SOR/2003-196
Risk factor: General, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: E-cigarette, Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), Tobacco products, Tobacco
Department of Health and Community Services Notice, 2003, NLR 82/03
This regulation defines the structure of the Department of Health and Community Services. It also describes the powers, duties, and functions of the minister as including the supervision, control, and direction of all matters relating to: the preservation and promotion of health and the prevention and control of disease.
Hamlets Act, SNWT 2003, c 22, Sch C
Policy intervention: Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Active transportation
Public Health and Safety Act, RSY 2002, c 176
Location: Yukon
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents, Occupational and environmental exposures
Policy intervention: Hepatitis B (HBV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Infectious Agents
Municipal Act, RSY 2002, c 154
Policy intervention: Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Active transportation
Health Act, RSY 2002, c 106
The purpose of the Act is to advance the concept that health and social development is a process by which communities and governments work together to identify needs and to plan, implement, and evaluate programs and services through the progressive empowerment of communities. The primary objectives of this act are to protect, promote, and restore the well-being of residents of the Yukon in harmony with the physical, social, economic, and cultural environments in which they live and to facilitate equitable access to quality health and social programs and services.
REPEALED Regional Health Services Act, SS 2002, c R-8.2
This Act states that a regional health authority shall promote and encourage health and wellness.
Public Health Act, RSQ, c S-2.2
This Act promotes the maintenance and enhancement of health and well-being. Sections of interest include: surveillance, promotion and prevention, reporting infections and diseases, reporting to public health authorities, vaccination (including hepatitis B and HPV), health promotion and prevention.
Municipal Act, 2001, SO 2001, c 25
Regional Health Authorities Act, RSA 2000, c R-10
The Regional Health Authorities Act makes regional health authorities responsible to the Minister for ensuring the provision of acute care hospital services, community and long-term care services, public health protection and promotion services and other related services.
REPEALED Occupational Health and Safety Act, RSA 2000, c O-2
REPEALED Cancer Programs Act, RSA 2000, c C-2
This Act governs the Alberta Cancer Board. The Alberta Cancer Board is mandated to coordinate cancer research, prevention and treatment to meet measurable milestones toward a Cancer Free Future. The Act also establishes regulations for the Alberta Cancer Foundation, which raises funds for the Alberta Cancer Board. Together, these two organizations work toward a world without cancer for future generations.
Canadian Institutes of Health Research Act, SC 2000, c 6
The purpose of this Act is to create new knowledge that translates to improved health for Canadians by addressing emerging health opportunities, threats and challenges through actions such as the development and identification of prevention and wellness strategies.
Public Health Act, RSA 2000, c P-37
This Act enables the delivery of public health services to protect and promote the health and well-being of the people of Alberta. It allows the Minister to make regulations respecting immunization, food safety standards, and sanitation.
Municipal Government Act, RSA 2000, c M-26
REPEALED Health Authorities Act, SNS 2000, c 6
This Act governs Nova Scotia's District Health Authorities. The object of the District Health Authorities includes maintaining and improve the health of residents of the district.
Health Research Foundation Regulations, NS Reg 7/2000
This regulation states how funding for the Health Research Foundation will be spent.
Municipalities Act, 1999, SNL 1999, c M-24
Policy intervention: Bicycle helmet, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Snow clearing, Active transportation
Special Projects Fund Regulations, PEI Reg EC639/99
In this regulation, the Health Research Program is established to use funds from the Health Research Fund for the purposes of providing new knowledge around the prevention of diseases, such as cancer.
Health Research Foundation Act, SNS 1998, c 14
This Act establishes the Health Research Foundation whose purpose includes conducting health research in the Province, including the fields of health policy, health promotion and health care.
Municipal Government Act, SNS 1998, c 18
Policy intervention: Bicycling infrastructure, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Streetscaping, Active transportation
The Sustainable Development Act, CCSM c S270
This Act establishes The Manitoba Round Table for Sustainable Development to promote sustainable development in Manitoba and provide advice and recommendations to government. One of the main goals of the round table was to develop The Sustainable Development Strategy, which set out strategic plans for achieving sustainability in specific economic, environmental, resource, human health and social policy sectors.
REPEALED City of Toronto Act, 1997 (No. 2), SO 1997, c 26
Risk factor: Alcohol consumption, Built environment, General
Policy intervention: Outlet density, Alcohol
Community Health Councils Regulation, Alta Reg 202/1997
This regulation provides regional health authorities with a mechanism to create a community health council. Community health councils have responsibilities, such as: providing health issue advice to the regional health authorities; and promoting community health promotion activities.
The Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, CCSM c F175
This Act states that the "head of a public body shall refuse to disclose personal information to an applicant if the disclosure would be an unreasonable invasion of a third party's privacy" unless the disclosure is for the interest of the public. For example, to promote public health and safety or environmental protection.
Health Act, RSBC 1996, c 179
Municipal Act, CCSM c M225
Policy intervention: Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Active transportation
Health Special Account Act, RSBC 1996, c 185
This Act designates that half of the revenue fund generated by income of the lottery corporation will be put into the Health Special Account every fiscal year. On the written authorization of the minister, money may be paid out of the Health Special Account for the administration, operation and delivery of health care, health research, health promotion and health education services.
Department of Health Act, SC 1996, c 8
This Act outlines the establishment of the Department of Health for the promotion and preservation of the health of the people of Canada. This includes the promotion and preservation of physical, mental, and social well-being, the protection of the people of Canada against risks to health and the spreading of diseases, and the investigation and research into public health and the monitoring of diseases.
Regional Health Authorities Act, CCSM c R34
The Regional Health Authorities Act was amended by providing specifications relevant to agreements between Regional Health Authorities and Health Corporations in the delivery of health services.
Health and Community Services Act, SNL 1995, c P-37.1
This Act allows the minister to make regulations, including those respecting safety standards around radioactive materials, recreational safety, the use, storage and transportation of noxious materials like pesticides, water pollution, and vaccinations.
Public Health Act, 1994, SS 1994, c P-37.1
REPEALED Cancer Programs Regulation, Alta Reg 242/1998
This repealed regulation established the Cancer Registry. Later legislation refers to the information in the Cancer Registry as being used for prevention purposes (Cancer Registry Regulation, Alta Reg 71/2009).
An Act Respecting Health Services and Social Services, CQLR c S-4.2
Policy intervention: Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Minor consent, Infectious Agents
This Act establishes the health services and social services plan which aims to maintain and improve the physical, mental and social capacity of persons to act in their community and to carry out the roles they intend to assume in a manner which is acceptable to themselves and to the groups to which they belong. The protection of public health is noted as the main focus of the plan.
REPEALED Grants for Health Promotion Projects and Initiatives, RRO 1990, Reg 563
This repealed regulation enabled the Minister of Health and Long-Term Care to pay grants for the purpose of assisting applicants to undertake health promotion projects or initiatives designed to support and enhance the ability of individuals to increase control over and improve their health.
REPEALED Municipal Act, RSO 1990, c M.45
This repealed Act provided municipal councils with the power to pass bylaws concerning the health, safety, morality and welfare of the inhabitants of the municipality.
Health Protection and Promotion Act, RSO 1990, c H.7
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents, Nutrition, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: Drinking water, Food literacy education, Food provision, Prevention, Tobacco cessation, Tobacco, Nutrition
Public Service Act, RSNS 1989, c 376
This Act defines the power of the Ministers of the Department of Health and the Department of Health Promotion and Protection.
REPEALED Rural Municipality Act, 1989, SS 1989-90, c R-26.1
Risk factor: Built environment, General, Occupational and environmental exposures, Physical activity, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: Smoke-free place, Transit, Tobacco smoke, Bicycle helmet, Bicycling infrastructure, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Rural context, Snow clearing, Traffic calming, Active transportation, Tobacco
REPEALED Charlottetown Area Municipalities Act, RSPEI 1988, c C-4.1
Policy intervention: Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Traffic calming, Active transportation
REPEALED Public Health Act, RSNWT 1988, c P-12
This Act allows the Minister of Health to appoint a Chief Medical Officer of Health of the Territories as well as establish health districts.
Municipal Government Act, RSPEI 1988, c M-12.1
Risk factor: Built environment, General, Physical activity, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: Smoke-free place, Tobacco smoke, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Traffic calming, Active transportation, Tobacco
Hamlets Act, RSNWT (Nu) 1988, c H-1
The Hamlets Act provides municipalities with the power to create bylaws governing roads and highways (including those designating sidewalks, curbs, medians, and work on municipal roads etc.), sewage management, the manufacture and use of chemicals, the construction and operation of incinerators, to exercise public health powers (including regulation of smoking in public places), recreation programs, services, and facilities, public transit systems, air pollution, and business licenses.
REPEALED Ice Regulation, Man Reg 324/88 R
Risk factor: General, Occupational and environmental exposures, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: Smoke-free place, Tobacco smoke, Tobacco
REPEALED Municipalities Act, RSPEI 1988, c M-13
REPEALED General Regulation, NB Reg 88-200 under the Health Act
Risk factor: General, Infectious agents, Occupational and environmental exposures, Tobacco use
Policy intervention: Hepatitis B (HBV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Smoke-free place, Smokeless tobacco, Tobacco products, Tobacco smoke, Tobacco, Infectious Agents
Public Health Act, RSNWT (Nu) 1988, c P-12
The Act provides a comprehensive framework for the protection and promotion of public health in Nunavut. It allows the Commissioner to make regulations including (but not limited to) those respecting the control and prevention of communicable diseases, including vaccination, the use of noxious materials including fertilizers, sprays or preservatives dangerous to the public health, the protection of the health of persons from occupational exposures, and water and air pollution.
Public Health Act, RSPEI 1988, c P-30.1
Policy intervention: Artificial UVR, Indoor tanning, Ultraviolet Radiation
REPEALED Health and Community Services Act, RSPEI 1988, c H-1.1
This repealed Act states that one of the duties of the minister was to: promote and maintain the good health of the residents of the province.
REPEALED The Public Health Act, RSM 1987, c P210
This Act outlines the duties of the Ministry regarding health, matters of life and death, and preventative measures. It also outlines duties of public health professionals.
The CancerCare Manitoba Act, CCSM c C20
This Act specifies that The Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation Act will be re-named The Cancercare Manitoba Act, and that The Manitoba Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation is continued as a corporation under the name "CancerCare Manitoba". The objects of the corporation are to conduct programs for the diagnosis of, treatment of, and research in cancer, including, among others: (a) long term planning for provincial cancer control; (b) education of the public in the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer; and (c) adoption of other measures for preventing or minimizing the development or spread of cancer.
Canada Labour Code, RSC 1985, c L-2
Part II of this code deals with Occupational Health and Safety. The purpose of this Part is to prevent accidents and injury to health arising out of, linked with or occurring in the course of employment to which this Part applies.
Canada Health Act, RSC 1985, c C-6
This Act was established in order to protect, promote and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadian residents and to mitigate financial and other barriers to access to health care. This Act establishes criteria and conditions that must be met by insured health services and extended health care services governed under provincial law, prior to making a full cash contribution.
Québec Act Respecting the ministère de la Santé et des Services Sociaux, RSQ, c M-19.2
Policy intervention: Prevention, Tobacco
REPEALED Urban Municipality Act, 1984, SS 1983-84, c U-11
Policy intervention: Multi-unit dwelling, Patio, Smoke-free place, Transit, Tobacco smoke, Bicycle helmet, Bicycling infrastructure, Parking management, Pedestrian infrastructure, Public transit, Road safety, Snow clearing, Traffic calming, Trail, Active transportation, Tobacco
REPEALED The Cancer Foundation Act, SS 1979, c C-2.1
This repealed Act charges the foundation with conducting a program that includes the prevention of cancer. More specifically, it aims to educate the public on the importance of cancer prevention and study radiation hazards arising from the use of x-ray generators and radioactive materials and substances to develop recommendations for the establishment of protective devices and facilities in respect of those hazards.
Consumer Protection Act, RSQ, c P-40.1
Risk factor: General, Nutrition
Policy intervention: Marketing to children, Food promotion, Nutrition
Public Health Act, RSS 1978, c P-37
This Act provides authority for the establishment of public health standards, such as food safety.
Charter of the French Language, RSQ, c C-11
This Charter states that every person has a right to have the civil administration, health services and social services, public utility enterprises, professional orders, associations of employees and all enterprises doing business in Québec communicated in French.
REPEALED Health Act, RSNB 1973, c H-2
REPEALED Municipalities Act, RSNB 1973, c M-22
Policy intervention: Pedestrian infrastructure, Active transportation
Public Health Regulations, YCO 1958/79
This regulation governs dwellings, water supplies, and disposal of excreta as they relate to human health. Hey also outline prohibitions on certain activities that pose a risk to human health.
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soot, and is then called smoke. According as the hot air which is above it, and escapes. In deep dry wells which have
leaves the room, cold air enters to supply its place through been neglected, carbonic acid accumulates, and workmen who
the open doors or windows, or, if these be closed, through every go down to clean the pit are sometimes suffocated. In such
httle crevice which can give it passage. There is thus pro- cases a candle should first be let down, and if it burns, the
duced a rapid current of air, or draught, as it is termed. The air is fit to breathe. If the candle be extinguished, it is un-
äir vitiated by the breathing of persons in the room is carried safe for an individual to descend.
away along with that vitiated by the fire, and at any one mo- In the Island of Java, however, perhaps the most remark.
ment the air in the room is found to be almost completely pure. able collection of carbonic acid is to be found. On the sum-
It is therefore to proper ventilation that the inhabitants of mit of the highest mountain there is a circular valley of
towns must look for the maintenance of health. Disregard to considerable depth, and presenting to the eye a spectacle
this precaution has been the means of increasing to a frightful combining the utmost beauty and horror. The sides of the
extent the mortality of large cities, and instances have been valley are clothed with the richest perennial verdure of the
given, where an infectious disease, which had ravaged a num- tropics; all the plants which grow on that fine island are there
ber of low and confined streets in a large English town, stop-found of surpassing magnitude and beauty, but intermixed
ped suddenly, and avoided a street otherwise no better than with the skeletons of tigers, wolves, and men. There is
the rest, but which had been kept clean, and the rooms venti- no living animal. The greatest developement of vegetable
lated, by the exertions of some well-informed persons. For life goes hand in hand with absolute destruction to all animal
the preservation of the health of the poorer classes in large existence. The natives call this place the Valley of Death.
towns, medicine is of far less importance than cleanliness and it is the crater of an extinct volcano. From its bottom issue
perpetually watery vapour and carbonic acid, the elements We are sure, however, that many of our intelligent readers which clothe its sides with vegetable riches; but the whole are ready now to start an objection to the account just given being an invisible lake of carbonic acid, proves instant destrucof the cause of bad air in cities. If the air of a city be in- tion to the unwary animal that passes over its brink. Some jured by the large quantity of carbonic acid which is formed, deserters from an English regiment concealed themselves in it, a city should be the best place possible for the health of vege- and their bodies, seen through the transparent but deadly gas
tables. If the air which is bad for man be good for plants, by which they were surrounded, verified a fact which had been des
the vegetation in a confined street should surpass, in brilliancy previously suspected to be a fable of the natives. dh
and verdure, that of the most open and best attended gardens. In the fermentation of corn, for making malt liquors or ar.
It is true, unfortunately, that the only produce of our once in- dent spirits, a large quantity of carbonic acid is generated, She dustrious Liberty is now the grass which is growing in the seats and workmen who heedlessly descend into the vats to cleanse
of former bustle ; but we have not even the satisfaction of them, are very often suffocated. The trial by a lighted candle knowing that that flourishes. It is pale, sickly, and stunted; should never in such cases be omitted. In the burning of for the air of the city is vitiated by causes different from that lime there is a very large proportion of carbonic acid set free; which alone has hitherto occupied us, and these causes are as and poor persons who are tempted to sleep on the platform of injurious to plants as to man. The carbon of our fuel pro- a lime-kiln for the sake of the warmth it affords, are sometimes duces, in burning, carbonic acid, but carbon is not the only suffocated by the vitiated air they breathe.
substance in ordinary fuel. Most coals contain sulphur, and The air, so far as regards its influence on health, is moInstead in burning, this body produces sulphurous acid, also a gas, dified in a very important manner by causes which are not so
which is highly irritating and poisonous, particularly to positively known and measured as those we have hitherto Ted plants, and which, mixing with the air, renders the city as examined. The spreading of odours through the air, whether
injurious to the organization of a plant as the carbonic acid they be the " spicy gales of Araby the blest," or the more to the respiration of an animal.
unwelcome indications of putrescent matter, takes place by To render air fit for respiration, it is necessary to do more means of quantities of substances so small as to defy the than keep the proper quantity of oxygen in it; the carbonic powers of detection we possess. Many diseases, it is well
acid must be taken away. Plants, our readers have already established, arise from the formation and diffusion through the mal we remarked, do both, and hence the admirable fitness of external air of peculiar poisons in amazingly small quantity. Thus
nature to the objects for which the Creator has designed it. ague is produced by a specific poison generated in marshes. If the carbonic acid were not taken away, all animals would | These poisons resemble other ordinary poisons, inasmuch as be poisoned, even if the proper quantity of oxygen remained, we can decompose them, and thus destroy their power. The for carbonic acid is a positive poison, which kills by acting on chemical substance chlorine decomposes almost every vegethe brain like opium. "A person can live, breathing with only table or animal material that it touches. Thus it destroys all one lung ; in the disease of consumption, an individual may colours, and is hence of the greatest use in bleaching; it also
live for months with only one lung, or even only part of a lung, destroys all atmospheric poisons, and, consequently, in hosThesisui remaining fit for use; but if perfectly good air be breathed pitals and in private houses it is used to disinfect or prevent
with one lung, and carbonic acid with the other, the person the spreading of disease, by decomposing the material which
will be poisoned after a very short time ; consequently, it is conveys it through the air.
of great importance to prevent the accumulation of carbonic For change of air we therefore, with reason, go to the coun-
acid, even where it is not produced at the expense of the try when we can; but whether to the sea side or to the inte-
oxygen of the air.
rior, to Enniskerry or Kingstown, is not dependent on the nature Carbonic acid is indeed produced in a great variety of ways, of the air. Wherever the invalid finds most amusement, and besides by animals in breathing, and fuel in burning. It is agreeable occupation which does not fatigue; wherever the remarkable that it is only the green parts of plants which beauty of scenery, and the society of those to whom the heart
breathe as has been described ; the leaves and stems giving out is bound in ties of mutual esteem and love, present to the mind en oxygen, and absorbing carbonic acid. The flowers and the of one harassed by intense exertion of thought, or broken down
ripe fruits of plants act on the air in the same way as animals, by disease of body, a relief in admiration of the wisdom and
and hence deteriorate it; and the rooms where stores of fruit goodness of his Creator, and in sympathy and kindliness to.
are kept, are known to be very unwholesome, and persons have wards his fellow men, the atmosphere is clearest; the bracing,
been suffocated by sleeping in a room where there was a very enlivening influence of the pure country air is the most sen-
great quantity of flowers. Oils, particularly drying oil, and sibie, and the mind and body are most effectually restored to
spirit of turpentine, act on air also, absorbing oxygen and giv- j the condition of perfect health,
ing out carbonic acid ; and the air of a newly painted house,
if the doors and windows are kept close, is consequently
found to be rery unfit for respiration. In many countries,
y where there are burning mountains, carbonic acid IRELAND FOR EVER! AND KILMAINHAM TO THE DEVEL!
is given off from the ground, and it collects in every hollow -Mr Egan, better known as " Bully Egan," held the chair.
of cave, in consequence of being much heavier than the air. manship of Kilmainham at the time that the government were
There is a cave in Italy, called the Dog's Grotto, because using their utmost endeavours to pass the Act of Union, and,
a dog on entering it is instantly suffocated, though a man may of course, expected to be deprived of his office if he should
walk in without injury. The cause is, that the cave is filled oppose it. However, when the time for the
division had ar-
sp by carbonic acid to about four feet deep; a dog, or any rived, his love of country preponderating over his love of peli,
animal that holds its head lower than that height, breathes he voted against the measure, exultingly exclaiming, "Ireland
carbonic acid and is choked, but a man breathes the pure air for ever 1 ånd Kilmainham to the devil'?"
the te
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nenti
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nerally
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verance.
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and briars. Look at Boston! Where are the three hills which PERSEVERANCE in the steady pursuit of a laudable and lawful first met the view of the pilgrims as they sailed up its bay?
Look at object, is almost a sure path to eminence. It is a thing which Their tops are shorn down by man's perseverance. seems to be inherent in some, but it may be cultivated in all. the granite hills of Quincy? Proudly anchored in the bosom Even those children who seem to be either indolent like the of the earth, they seem to defy the puny efforts of man, but sloth, or changeful as the butterfly, by the skilful training of they are yielding to man's perseverance. Forbidden and hopea watchful parent, may be endowed with the habit of perse-less as they would appear to the eye of indolence and weak
The following anecdotes may aid in illustrating to ness, they are better than the treasures of Peru and the gemyouth the nature and value of this virtue. The celebrated strewn mountains of Brazil, to a people endowed with the Timour the Tartar, after a series of the most brilliant vic- hardy spirit of perseverance! They are better, for, while tories, was at length conquered and made captive. Though they enable them to command the precious metals yielded by confined in a prison, whose massive walls and thick iron bars other climes, they cherish a spirit and a power which all the discouraged every attempt to escape, he still strove at each gold of Golconda could not purchase.—Fireside Education, by chink and crevice to find some way of deliverance. At length, S. G. Goodrich. weary and dispirited, he sat down in a corner of his gloomy prison, and gave himself up to despair. While brooding over
LOOK BEFORE YOU LEAP. his sorrows, an ant, with a piece of wood thrice as large as "Look before you leap," is an advice applicable to many itself, attracted his attention. The insect seemed desirous circumstances of human life, besides the mere examination of to ascend the perpendicular face of the wall, and made several the locality in which, on which, or over which, you are about attempts to effect it. But after reaching a little elevation, it to exhibit your own or your horse's agility in the performcame to a jutting angle of the stone, and fell backward to the ance of a saltation. Such was the course of meditation that floor. But again, again, and again the attempt was renewed. suggested' itself to my mind, as I beheld an old woman step The monarch watched the struggles of the insect, and in the slowly and deliberately off the foot-path of Carlisle Bridge, interest thus excited forgot his own condition. The ant per- and, without looking right or left, walk directly across the severed, and at the sixtieth trial surmounted the obstacle. path of the Kilkenny mail-coach, that was just then coming in, Timour sprang to his feet, exclaiming, " I will never despair the driver, of course, making his cattle do the thing hand- perseverance conquers all things !"
somely, as they were so near home. Before he could pull A similar anecdote is told of Robert Bruce, the restorer of up, the leaders had upset her, and the coroner had tenthe Scottish monarchy. Being out on an expedition to recon- pence of his shilling surely counted, when a tall, athletic-looknoitre the enemy, he had occasion to sleep at night in a barn. ing gentleman, stooping suddenly, seized her by the legs, and In the morning, still reclining his head on a pillow of straw, dragged her from under the horse's feet, somewhat to the dishe beheld a spider climbing up a beam of the roof. The in- arrangement of her attire. " Look before you leap," said he, sect fell to the ground, but immediately made a second essay giving her a smart shake; " did you never hear that adage, to ascend. This attracted the notice of the hero, who with you stupid creature ?". regret saw the spider fall a second time from the same emi. "Arrah !" said she, with the most perfect innocence,"
It made a third unsuccessful attempt. Not without I was'nt goin' to jump. Such a sayin' was'nt made for the likes a mixture of concern and curiosity, the monarch twelve times iv me. " Poh! you stupid being," said he, and walked on. beheld the insect baffled in its aim; but the thirteenth essay
I followed, making the above reflection, when, about half was crowned with success. It gained the summit of the barn; way over, the actively benevolent gentleman saw a little boy and the king, starting from his couch, exclaimed, " This des about nine or ten years old put his hand into a gentleman's picable insect has taught me perseverance ! I will follow its pocket; he instantly, with a promptitude similar to what he example. Have I not been twelve times defeated by the had just exhibited, dealt him a blow that nearly knocked the enemy's superior force ? On one fight more hangs the inde- breath out of him. pendence of my country!" In a few days his anticipations
The proprietor of the pocket, startled by the " Hagh" that were fully realised, by the glorious result, to Scotland, of the announced the sudden and almost total expulsion of the sufferbattle of Bannockburn.
er's breath, turned sharply round, and, as the boy staggered A few years since, while travelling in an adjacent state, I
over against the balustrades, fiercely asked, " Who did that?" came to a little valley, surrounded by rocky and precipitous said the striker.
" That young rascal, sir, had his hand in your pocket," hills. In that valley was a single house. It was old, and, by its irregularity of form, seemed to have been built at various
"Well, sir, and what if he had ?-He's my son." periods. It was, however, in good condition, and bespoke
"Your son! Sir, I beg a thousand pardons. I-I-I_" thrift and comfort. Not a shingle was missing from the roof, dividual in an awkward dilemma. Maybe it is from having
There is nothing I hate more than to see an unfortunate in. no dangling clapboards disfigured its sides, no unhinged blinds swung idly in the wind, no old hats were thrust through the merely repeating to the recent promulgator of the old adage
so often suffered, that I have a sort of fellow feeling. So, windows. All around was tidy and well-conditioned. The his own words, * Look before you leap," I passed on. N. woodhouse was stored with tall ranges of hickory, the barns were ample, and stacks of hay without declared that it was full within. The soil around, as I have said, was rocky, but EPITAPHS.— The shortest, plainest, and truest, are the best. cultivation had rendered it fertile. Thriving orchards, rich I say the shortest, for when a passenger sees a chronicle pastures and prolific meadows, occupied the bed of the valley written upon a tomb, he takes it on trust that some great man and the rugged sides of the hills. I was struck with the scene, lies there buried, without taking pains to examine who it is. and when I reached a village at the distance of two or three Mr Cambden, in his "Remains," presents us with examples of miles, I made some inquiries, where I learnt the story of the great men who had little epitaphs. And when once a witty proprietor. He was originally a poor boy, and wholly de- gentleman was asked, what epitaph was fittest to be written on pendent upon his own exertions. He was brought up as a Cambden's tomb, " let it be," said he, " Cambden's remains." farmer, and began life as a day labourer. In childhood he I say also the plainest, for except the sense lie above ground, had read that "procrastination is the thief of time." He did few will trouble themselves to dig for it. Lastly, it must be pot at first understand its meaning, and pondered long upon true ; not as in some monuments, where the red veins in the this desperate thief who bore the formidable title of Procras- marble may seem to blush at the falsehoods written on it. TINATION. It was at length explained to him; but the struggles He was a witty man who first taught a stone to speak, but he had made to comprebend the adage fixed it deep in his he was a wicked man who first taught it to lie. A good mind. He often thought of it, and, feeling its force, it be- memory is the best monument; others are subject to casualty came the ruling maxim of his life. Following its dictates and time; and we know that the Pyramids themselves, doting with inflexible perseverance, he at length became proprietor of with age, have forgotten the names of their founders. the little valley I have described. Year by year it improved Scrap Book. under his care, and at the period of which I am speaking, he was supposed to be worth at least twenty thousand dollars.
Printed and Published every Saturday by GUNN and CAMBRON, at the Office
of the General Advertiser, No. 6. Church Lane, College Green, Dublin. Such is the force of perseverance. It gives power to weak
Agents :- London : R. GROOMBRIDGB, Panyer Alley, Paternoster Row. ness, and opens to poverty the world's wealth. It spreads fer- Manchester : Simms and DINHAM, Exchange Street. Liverpool : J. tility over the barren landscape, and bids the choicest fruits
Davies, North John Street. Birmingham : J. DRAKE. Bristol: M.
BINGRAM, Broad Street. Edinburgh: FRASRR and CRAWFORD, George und flowers spring up and Aourish in the desert abode of thorns Street. Glasgow : David ROBERTSON, Trongate.
Is the citizens of our capital have to acknowledge, and per-| richly-wooded valley with its limpid rivor—the lonely mounhaps lament, that they are unable to compete with some other tain glen with its cataracts and tiny trout-streams-the purple cities of the empire in the extent of their commerce, the num- heath and the solitary tarn, or pool—the rural village and the ber of their manufactories, the wealth of their resident aristo- gay watering-place ; while in addition to all these, the interest cracy, or, in short, any of the various results which a long imparted to natural scenery, by remains of ancient times, is and uninterrupted course of artificial prosperity is certain to every where present. In short, there is no class of scenery bestow, they may still console themselves with the reflec- which the poet, the painter, the geologist, the botanist, or the tion, that in the singularly varied beauties of scenery with mere man of pleasure, could desire, that may not be reached which their city is surrounded they possess riches of greater in a drive of an hour or two from any part of our city. value, and enjoyments of a higher nature, of which they can- Nature has showered on us, with a generous hand, her various not be deprived by any circumstance, and in which no other riches—the riches derived from her and our Creator. It must, city can ever hope to rival them. And although to the mere however, be confessed that, as yet, we have not learned suffigrovelling pursuer of gain, who is incapable of a single ele- ciently to appreciate these gifts, and, consequently, do not vated or ennobling feeling, such a consideration may seem a sufficiently enjoy them." The world is too much with us"— matter of trivial importance, to those of wiser, better, and and there are many scenes of striking interest within our more happily constituted minds, it will always be a source of reach, which are more frequently seen by the stranger visitant self-gratulation, as affording pleasures easily procured, and than by ourselves. Of these, one of the most remarkable which they would not exchange for any of a grosser kind. It is the mountain lake called Lough Bray, of which we give is, indeed, beyond a question, that there is no city in the Bri- a sketch in our present number. How many thousands are tish empire exhibiting around it such a variety of picturesque there of the citizens of Dublin who have never seen, perhaps beauties as our own dear Dublin. We have the villa-studded, never heard of, this little mountain pool; and yet it is one of the pastoral plain, the spacious bay, with all its variety of coast, most perfect examples of scenery of its kind in Ireland_one from the sandy beach to the bluff sea-promontory - the l of those spots in which nature appears in her most stern and
rugged aspect; solitary, gloomy, and unfit for the companion- " Certainly, madam, with the greatest pleasure." ship of man. Still it is not wholly a desert. The eagles which And now the little annoyances inseparable from all sublubuild in its cliffs have seen a man of a kindred lofty spirit- nary enjoyments, begin. an eagle among men_build himself a nest amongst these soli- • John has received a severe hurt, my dear. In packing tudes; and they have been often startled from their eyry by some bottles, one of them broke, and a piece of it has cut his the sounds of aristocratic joy and merriment, when the shores wrist. I have sent him to the apothecary's to get it dressed." of the dark lake have been enlivened by the presence of the "Mercy on us! I hope he's not seriously injured. He most distinguished in beauty and rank in Ireland.
won't be obliged to stay at home surely ?" It is perhaps of all situations a spot in which we should least "I am afraid he must, my dear." expect to find a gentleman's villa ; yet this innovation is not "If he does, every thing will go wrong, he is such a materially injurious to the prevailing sentiment of the scene. careful creature, and so completely up to every thing on a sod The house is in the Old English style of architecture, highly party, and has every thing so orderly and regular, and all picturesque, and in all respects worthy of the refined taste of without fuss or hurry. Oh, dear! we shall be sadly off withthe late Mr William Morrison, the distinguished architect by out him." whom it was erected, and whose early death was an event Mr Sharpe was announced, and a slight, small, dapper little which may justly be regarded in the light of a national loss. personage made his appearance. A physiognomist of the very It was erected for Sir Philip Crampton, at the expense of least discernment must at once have pronounced him to be a his Grace the Duke of Northumberland, who, while Vice- satirical, irritable, genuine lover of mischief, for mischief's roy of Ireland, had spent some happy days with Sir Philip sake—mirthful after his own fashion, and as merry as a grig in this romantic spot, in a cottage of humbler pretensions, upon a gridiron, when every face about him should be drawn which had occupied its site, and was accidentally burned. The to a half yard in length by some unforeseen annoyance, or gift was one equally worthy of the illustrious donor, and the petty disaster. He rubbed his hands, congratulating the ladies talented and estimable receiver; and there are few if any of on the fineness of the day. " Heavenly morning—fine roadour readers who will not join us in the wish that he may long Bay of Dublin will be seen to such advantage-sea so smooth live to enjoy it.
-coast of Wicklow splendid—Killiney will look so bold"Lough Bray is situated near the head of the beautiful vale talk-talk-talk; he stunned every person with his extraorcalled Glen Cree, in the county of Wicklow, into which it dinary volubility. sends a stream, which, subsequently uniting with the Glenis- Mr O'Brien's servant entered. "Please, ma'am, Mrs Molloy loreane river, is called the Dargle and Bray river, and falls is coming." Scarcely was the message delivered when the into the sea to the north of Bray Head. Though the name is lady made her appearance. generally used in the singular number, Lough Bray properly Oh, my dear Mrs Harvey, I hope I hav'nt kept you waitconsists of two lakes, called Upper and Lower ; but the lower ing long. I totally forgot that this was the day appointed for is the principal one, both in point of beauty and grandeur of your party, until Sparks reminded me of it by calling me up." scenery, as well as in extent of surface, its area occupying a "Make no apologies, my dear madam; we havn't waited space of thirty-seven acres. It is nearly surrounded by moun- at all. Mr Sharpe has but just arrived, and our number is now tain precipices, in which eagles are wont to build, and has complete: Have you every thing packed ?" very much the character of the crater of an extinct volcano. " Packed! Why, do you think we'll have rain ?_had I
Lough Bray is most easily visited from Dublin by the Mili- better get my cloak and umbrella? But, sure, I can go in tary Road, by which route the distance is little more than ten your carriage, and as I shan't be exposed on an outside car, Irish miles.
P. I won't want them."
"My dear Mrs Molloy, it is the beef I allude to. Is it .
packed ?" THE SOD PARTY.
" The beef! What beef ?" Or all the pleasant interludes in the drama of life, a sod Why, dear me, you surely havn't forgotten that a sixparty, where every thing goes right, is one of the pleasantest. rib piece of roast beef was to be supplied by you ?". What talking! what fuss! what discussions ! what direfully "1_declare_l_never_once_thought-of it. Well, now, important arrangements for a week before-hand! what a that's very odd." puzzle how to divide the various necessaries into such rela- Mr Sharpe's countenance fell. The discovery had been tively fair proportions that no individual should feel more made too timely to please him. burdened than another. I do not mean one of those parties ." What's best to be done now? I can purchase beef somewhere all the trouble and expense fall upon one unfortunate where as we go along, and we'll get it dressed at Howth, in individual, who, consequently, can derive no pleasure from the some cabin or another. affair, except that of seeing others enjoying themselves-a " Phwee-00," whistled Mr Robert O'Gorman, " what very great pleasure, doubtless, considered abstractedly, but the deuce would we do with ourselves for five or six hours, at rather too refined for every-day mortals—no; but a regular the least, that such a piece would take to roast, without any pic-nic, where lots are drawn, and each supplies whatever thing to keep its back warm in an open cabin ? I'll tell you may be written on the slip that she or he holds, and furnishes what, ma'am: give me the money, and I'll get as much cold a quota of the trouble, as well as of the provisions; one in roast beef as you like, from Mulholland." dividual, nevertheless, being the director.
" Who is Mulholland ?" What a hurry-skurry on the morning of the eventful day! Oh, 'tis no matter; I'll get the meat, if you want it." Then the assembling of the carriages and other vehicles at Very well, Mr O'Gorman, do so, and you'll oblige me; the place of rendezvous.
here is a guinea. But why not tell who Mulholland is ?" "Dear me," said Mrs Harvey, on the morning of the day Mr O'Gorman bolted, without making any reply. appointed for her pic-nic, having consulted her watch for the Now, the fact of the matter was simply this, that Mulholtwentieth time; "dear me, where is Mr Sharpe? What can land was a sort of second-hand caterer, who purchased the possibly delay Mrs Molloy? Well, well, how hard it is to get meat that was sent unused from the dining-hall of Trinity people to be punctuall"
College, and supplied it again to such students as felt too "Oh, mamma, maybe they'll meet us at Howth; we had economically inclined to attend commons, and thus save þetter set off. If they come here, they can be directed to fol. money from the parental allowances, for other, and better (?) low us, you know. Do, pray, mamma, let us move."
To this class did Mr O'Gorman sometimes belong. "Oh, my dear, we must send a messenger to Mr Sharpe. In a very short time he re-appeared. If he missed us, or took huff at our going without him (and " You were not long, Mr O'Gorman ; did you succeed in you know he's very tetchy), it would be such a dreadful in- getting a suitable piece ?" convenience, for he has to supply the knives and forks, spoons "Suitable? If sixteen pounds will suit you, I have got and glasses, and he would think nothing of leaving us in the that; and I gave him the change of the guinea," addressing lurch, if he took it into his bead; and Mrs Molloy is so for Mrs Molloy, " for himself, ma'am, for his trouble in packing getful, that she might come without the roast beef, and never it, and the loan of the basket, which of course he can't exthink of it until it would be missed at table. George, dear, pect in reason ever to see again. Nobody would bring home will you desire John to step over to Mr Sharpe's, and tell an empty basket." him that the company is assembled. And, Mr O'Brien, will " The change of the guinea for himself! Why, Mr O'Gora you permit me to send your servant to Mrs Molloy with a man, instead of giving him more than he asked, you should similar message ?"
have cut him down in his price. The change of the guinea
uses.
for himself! Oh! gracious ! did any one ever hear of the Now, it must be confessed that Miss Kate would have much like ? Oh! dear me! the change for himself! Oh! dear !" preferred the rattling, noisy, lying, merry,
mischievous scamp, and in a gentle repetition or two, in an under-tone, Mrs as her companion, to any other, because she loved laughing, Molloy's surprise died away, like a retiring echo; for the bus- and he supplied her plentifully with food for mirth ; and she tle of departure claimed all attention now.
was very well inclined, and quite resolved within herself, to It has been but too frequently remarked, that a party of second any bold attempt that he might make to rescue her pleasure is seldom wholly unembittered by pain, and our party from the trio by which she was surrounded. Great was her was doomed not to be an exception to the rule ; although the chagrin to see that he took no manner of trouble about the point had been mooted, and the question discussed, at the first matter, but apparently occupied himself with the elder Miss meeting (an evening party at Mrs Harvey's), where the pre- Harvey. What a taste he must have! thought she, to attach liminaries were arranged, and it had been voted unanimously himself to the ofd maid of the party; and it was with somethat our party should be pleasant, and agreeable, and happy, thing of pettishness that she stood, or rather jumped up, when from the start to the return; and, further, that nothing the order to move was given. Her glove fell. Fitzgerald should go astray; and that if any person should be disagree and Costello stooped, or rather dashed themselves down from able, he or she should be voted out; with fifty other resolu- opposite sides at the same instant to secure the prize ; their tions, that the secretary was unable to record, in consequence heads came in contact, with a crash resembling that caused of the movers and seconders, the president and audience, se- by two cracked pitchers being jolted together, and so loud as cretary and all, talking rapidly and vehemently together, until to astonish the hearers; and they recoiled from the collision order was suddenly restored by Mr O'Gorman (who had the into a sitting posture, one under the table, and the other unloudest voice, and the knack of making himself heard above der the piano. any uproar, acquired by a long and regular course of practice When Xantippe, the wife of that great philosopher So. in the upper gallery of Crow-street theatre) shouting out, crates, had failed in her efforts to vex him by abuse, her last " Order-r-r-r-r, ladies and gentlemen, order-r-r-r-r! The resource was to break some article of crockery upon his head : rule of this society is, that not more than six shall speak at it is recorded that he coolly wiped his face, which had been a time; and I feel it to be my duty, madam, to call upon you, deluged by the contents, merely saying, " After thunder comes for the sake of regularity, to preserve this rule inviolate. rain." Now, I'd be bound that if we could ascertain what This party of pleasure, madam, is to be a party of pleasure Socrates said to himself at the time, we should find that for unlike all the parties of pleasure that have gone before it. all his smooth face and soft words he inwardly took some desPleasure, madam, is to be the beginning, pleasure the middle, perate liberties with the heathen deities, and pitched Xanand pleasure the end of it; and I shall conclude, madam, by tippe, crockery, and all the makers of it, to Pluto, and all the saying, that I have the pleasure of wishing that it may be so.' infernal gods, in a hurry. However, he kept his countenance,
Mr O'Gorman unfortunately had not the celebrated wishing which is more than can be said of Frank Costello, or Dick cap on his head at the time.
Fitzgerald, or of Mr Sharpe, who nearly went into convul. Mr, Mrs, and Miss Harvey, a maiden sister of Mr Harvey, sions with laughter; indeed, to do him justice, his was not Mrs Molloy, Mr Sharpe, Mr O'Brien, his mother and three the only laughter, for no one could resist the excitement to sisters, Mr O'Donnell and his daughter, O'Gorman, Fitz- risibility contained in the picture before them. At the first gerald, Sweeny, Costello, and two or three more College men, moment each of the gentlemen had uttered a loud exclamacompleted the muster roll of the party. The vehicles con- tion savouring strongly of impiety; then, immediately recol. sisted of Mr Harvey's and Mr O'Brien's carriages, Mr lecting the presence of ladies, they muttered what might have O'Donnell's jaunting-car, an outside jarvey that O'Gorman been supposed by the charitable to be half-suppressed prayers, had brought, and Mr Sharpe's gig.
but that their countenances were strangely discordant with Poor John's wrist had been so sadly hurt that he could not pious thoughts, for each with his hand on his head, his teeth attend, and the gentlemen gave every assurance to Mrs Har- set, his lips apart and tightly drawn, and his eyes glaring with vey that he would not be missed by her, they would make them- pain and vexation, sat looking, or rather grinning, like a hyena, selves so useful.
at the other. That keen sense of the ridiculous which always Every thing was at length announced to be ready. A comes upon us so inopportunely, made them at length get up, basket, covered with oiled silk, swinging conspicuously from and the condolences offered on all sides, in the most tender the axle-tree of the gig, rendered it unnecessary to ask Mr inflections of voice, but with countenances which but too Sharpe if he had all the requisites prepared; and Mrs Har- plainly showed how great was the effort to suppress laughter, vey, having cast the last scrutinizing glance around, gave the excited their anger against one another most terribly; nor long-wished-for word to "take places."
was it likely to be the more readily allayed by seeing Dan Now, all this time there were four hearts bent upon one Sweeny walking off with the prize, the contention for which object, and four heads at work planning how to attain it. had caused their misfortune. It was with difficulty they could The youngest of the Misses O'Brien was the sprightliest girl be kept from fighting. Leaving them to settle the matter as of the party; and although Miss O'Donnell might dispute the they pleased, Sweeny conducted the lady to her carriage, prize for beauty with her, the former was the most admired close to which a new scene awaited them. by the young men upon the present occasion, and Messrs On the step of the hackney jaunting-car sat O'Gorman, O'Gorman, Fitzgerald, Sweeny, and Costello, had each re- with his left foot upon his right knee, alternately rubbing his solved to attach himself to her, if possible.
shin very gently, and hugging the leg as if it was a baby, The first mentioned, who was a general favourite, had con- groaning, and screwing his face into the most hideous gritrived most successfully to keep near her during breakfast, maces. After the scene they had just witnessed, this was ir. and pretty nearly to engross her attention during the subse resistible, and Miss Kate laughed long and heartily, Bob quent time that had elapsed previously to the discovery of looked at her, made a more hideous grimace than before, Mrs Molloy's forgetfulness, by telling her tales of College life, groaned, rubbed more violently, and then giving himself á and adventures replete with wonders, that might have caused most ludicrous twist, grinned, rubbed, and groaned again, the renowned Sinbad the sailor himself, or the equally cele- Why-ha-ha-ha!--Mr O'Gorman, what ha-ba-ha!_has brated Baron Munchausen, to stare, and bite the bitter nail happened you ?" of envy, while they could not withhold their meed of applause ***Oh! ah! oh! may the dI beg your pardon. But, from one who was their master at the marvellous, and could oh ! hif I to the-och, I mean bad luck to all wood and iron! give them lessons in the sublime art of invention.
Hif! oh! I attempted to jump up on this rascally step, when It was Bob's anxiety to get on the road that made him ten- my foot slipped off, and down I came, scraping all the skin der his services in the supplying of the beef; and the certainty off my shin bone. Oh! bad luck to it-to the step, I mean." that he had completely ingratiated himself with the young lady, The manner in which he said this, made all who heard him by his stories, at which she had laughed most heartily, made him laugh more, but he did not seem to be in the least degree disfeel very little uneasiness at the prospect of a few minutes' sepa- concerted; and as to being angry, there was not a trace of it ration, especially when she knew that he had only absented on his countenance. himself for the purpose of expediting the arrangements that Sweeny, who prided himself upon being quite a ladies' man, were to give him an opportunity of catering for her amusement and who was just then immensely elated
at having distanced for the remainder of the day. When he returned, and saw all his competitors, but especially O'Gorman, whose retireher surrounded by the other three, he resolved to let them go ment from the competition he considered to be a tacit acknowon quietly, and trusted to snatch her from them by some stra- ledgment of inferiority, offered a jesting sort of condolence to tagem, just at the last moment.
him, and recommended him strongly to rub the injured part

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Home News Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT Sells Chicago Data Center for $315 Million
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Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT Sells Chicago Data Center for $315 Million
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT sold Chicago Data Center to Digital Realty Trust affiliate for $315 million.
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT Inc., a publicly registered non-traded real estate investment trust, has sold an approximately 250,000-square-foot data in the Chicago, Illinois metropolitan area for $315 million to an affiliate of Digital Realty Trust LP (NYSE: DLR).
The REIT originally purchased the Chicago Data Center in May 2014 for $211.7 million. The net book value of the property as held on the company's balance sheet was approximately $227.3 million as of September 30, 2017.
The REIT repaid its mortgage loan associated with the property for approximately $105.1 million, including accrued interest. The net proceeds were approximately $206.9 million, after transaction costs.
"We are pleased with the price achieved in connection with selling the Chicago Data Center, which, we believe, represents a significant gain from our initial off-market purchase made in 2014," said REIT president Michael Seton. "By investing additional capital, actively managing the asset and capitalizing on the growing data center market, we were able to deliver significant shareholder value with the sale of this asset."
Carter Validus Mission Critical REIT invests in net leased data center and healthcare assets and oversees a portfolio of 84 properties (19 data center and 64 healthcare properties) purchased for approximately $2.1 billion. The company's offering, which was declared effective by the SEC in December 2010, closed in June 2014 after raising more than $1.7 billion in investor equity.
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FM's founders, Laurie Kuhrt and Freddie Laughton, are proud to be working with Ash Mosley and a fine team of highly-experienced booking staff. Together they preside over an organisation which meets the exacting demands of the global model industry whilst affording its models not only essential career management but also more general help and guidance when needed.
Having forged successful relationships with model agencies and clients throughout the world, FM has become one of the most respected agencies in the UK with an enviable portfolio of women and a men's division which, headed by Stephen Jolliffe, is second to none.
We hope you enjoy our website. If you aspire to a career in modelling please follow the 'become a model' link which you will find at the bottom of each page. We look forward to hearing from you.


We have ordered for Set of Four Double Bedsheets with eight pillow covers and received. But the items we have received are not as per the description given in the adv. Adv. showed as 100% cotton material and what we received is not cotton material and it is polyester mixed and colours are also entirely different from the adv. Hence we want exchange or money back.
maze jeans alag bheji hai, or muze pasand bhi nahi hai, isaliye vapas bhejani hai.
I ordered a Deemark Roti Maker instead I recieved Gym equipment.
I ordered 36 pant size, ur delivered 32, 34, 36. wht to do.
I ordered a Paris polo combo of 3 fashion stretch jeans amp 45 3 jeans on 23-Nov-2015. i got this parcel on[protected]. size are not accurate. even not stretchable. and its not same as i ordered. i want to return this parcel.
Mere pas is store se msg aya h ki mera order book ho chuka h. bt mene koi order book kia hi nhi to mere pas ye msg kyo aya h agr ye product mere pas ata h to ...i will not give payment of this product. plz stop messaging me.
Jeans pant return because size not fit.
I have ordered something before 25days. there is no response from askmebazaar till now. i have already mailed them regarding my tracking status. there is no reply yet. worst system. i wanna know the reason.
I have ordered Micromax Mobile(Order Id: AB7874757) on 25th November 2015 and made online payment.I got delivery but it mentioned Payment Mode Cash on Delivery(COD).So My Parents deny the order .But Till now I have not got any refund.


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Before I moved down to the blistering heat of Miami (and long before I accepted the ice bucket challenge and made Wisconsin my home), I spent some time growing up in Chicagoland. Bustling and diverse, the Chicago area offered a unique glimpse into varied cultures and religions. It was here that I spent a few years attending an inner-city charismatic Christian church. It was also here that I became a college student of world religion, visiting mosques, temples, and sanctuaries of every type. But most importantly, it was here that I first glimpsed the havoc wreaked by superstition, religion, and magical thinking.
Of several stories I could share with you, one stands out as particularly relevant to this morning's blog post. I was working as a waitress at the time, and my coworkers and I had just welcomed a new employee to our team. Having recently left Guadalajara, this young woman bore the weight of her 12-hour work days with the relentless grace characteristic of American immigrants. She and her husband had plans to start a family, and though she was soft-spoken and shy, her joy was visible.
As the months wore on, however, she grew sullen. She wore a pleading, desperate expression as she quietly worked away the hours. One day, with a pained expression and a trembling voice, she shared her concerns with us. She and her husband had been trying for months to conceive, but she wasn't able to get pregnant. She was sure her husband would divorce her if she couldn't live up to his expectations and grant him a child.
"Come. I'll show you." She took me into the back room and lifted her work uniform to expose her back. I gasped. She was covered with burns. In a quiet but confident voice, she explained that they had found a doctor who was willing to treat her with traditional medicine. He had explained that she was frigid, or too cold inside to hold a baby. Her untimely move to the freezing climate of Chicago had aggravated her condition. The solution was to burn her. They would singe her back with a red-hot metal bar once a week to warm her up, which would warm her womb and allow her to carry. And though I tried to reason with her relentlessly, she was so convinced of her own guilt and the power of magic, that she proceeded with the horrifying treatments. Words can't capture the feelings I have about this incident, to this day.
On my blog, I talk a lot about the harmful side of religion. But what about magical thinking? During my interview with Richard Wade, he made a statement that got me thinking.
It's clear that people do have important built-in social, interpersonal, sexual, emotional, and intellectual needs, and atheists and rationalists are beginning to consider and experiment with what can fulfill those needs in better ways than religion. This is important in the long term, because if we don't establish reason-based cultural norms that do this, people will just keep inventing new versions of religion and other magical thinking.
What is magical thinking and what web has it spun in society and in our personal approaches to life? Join me over the next few weeks as I probe into the history and future of magical thinking. I will kick it off next week with a whopping confession or two. We will explore magical practices within organized religion, the dangers of pseudo-religions and cults, and Voodoo, Santeria (yes, I have first-hand South Florida anecdotes to share!), paganism and Satanism. I hope, along the way, you will chime in with your own opinions and experiences. Then, when we're all ready to wrap up this thought-provoking dialog, I'll present what I believe to be emotionally satisfying, yet reason-based replacements for religion and magical thinking.
Goddess Sol, bless and decree that the sun shall shine on me.
Posted in #atheist, Uncategorized.Tagged #alternative medicine, #atheism, #magic and religion, #magic in history, #magic in society, #magical thinking, #new age beliefs, #science versus magic, #science versus religion, #spells versus medicine, #spirituality, #superstition, #world religion.
Haha, you are correct about the Wiccan giggle (and on other counts as well.) Sometimes I like to point out that practices we believe aren't harmful can also feed into a larger and more harmful machine.
The spell must have worked. It was around 25c in Johannesburg today.
We have a lot of that sort on nonsense down here in South Africa, especially among indigenous people.
Ooh, that's right! I hope to hear from you often throughout this discussion!
Only if Branyan or Mel comes to play.
Please tell me we're going to burn a Wicca Man!


text:
Barbara Jane Reyes
Notes on Pinay Liminality
Pinay Liminality?
Letters to a Young Brown Girl
Invocation to Daughters
To Love as Aswang
Diwata
Poeta en San Francisco
Gravities of Center
For the City that Nearly Broke Me
Nevertheless, #ShePersisted
Puñeta: Political Pilipinx Poetry, Vol. 2
#APAHM #APIAHeritageMonth: Time for Some Author Introspection
Published on: May 24, 2018 May 24, 2018 Author: Barbara Jane Reyes Comment: 0
APIA Heritage Month is drawing to a close. I don't know that I accomplished much out there, in the big world, apart from surviving my last semester of teaching an enormous Filipinx Lit class. I did a cluster of book events, readings, which were difficult for me; my voice cracking and my being breathless throughout, and so I have been thinking about this difficulty.
Invocation to Daughters is a hard book. I have so much in it I am so emotionally close to. There is also a bluntly stated brutality in it that is hard to read aloud to audiences, and to discuss with students. This brutality is contained in what I worked really hard to make poetically sound, and even manageable. Yes, this is the power of poetry, to make appear manageable what is not … and should not be?
To Love as Aswang was also filled with brutality, but my emotional stake in the material was a lot less intense, mostly political and artistic questions. The reach of this book was considerably "smaller" than Invocation and so discussion felt contained. It has also appealed to a different kind of reader of poetry, perhaps someone who never considered themselves a reader or subject of literary works.
I don't know that I had this kind of emotional difficulty with Poeta en San Francisco, speaking of farther reach. I was so young in the industry, and at a place where I could still be so brave, precisely because I was young, and the most difficult thing happening in my life at the time was student debt. I had a lot of energy to be "out there," defending my shit and arguing hard on my own behalf. I had a lot of confidence in rallying "allies" as well. I thought fracas made my work cool, that it was a measure of its success.
Yes, bravery and difficulty are what I want to talk about here, and "success" too. I see when other writers and authors shrink from public view. Being in the public view is not safe. It's almost counterintuitive , to put all your shit on blast, and appear perfectly comfortable discussing this with total strangers. For me, that's all performative. You're on a stage, enacting your public persona. There may be pieces of that public persona that approximate your true self (whatever that is), but it sure gets difficult over time to be in that performative space.
I am going to say, that for WOC, for Filipinx Americans in public, literary spaces, it takes a toll, all of this white supremacist, all of this patriarchal crap to which we are called upon to respond. All of this, how to make people care about this work, when we know that in life outside of literature, they will never give a fuck about people like us, much less, what we have to say when we are speaking on our own behalf.
It becomes even more exhausting when you are called to "battle" against, to answer to folks in your own communities, who disapprove of your work and its execution, and in life outside of literature, they'd just as soon avoid people like you.
So I am here, exhausted by this work, and the stupid lines drawn across our so-called POC and APIA communities, where we end up being on the side of wrong, for not staying inside socially acceptable lines, as per the Filipinos who chide me for my anti-colonial and anti-patriarchal anger.
While for a while I felt like I could open my personal me to the poetry, which the readers I was trying to reach seem to respond well to, I am now here, after I read, "The Day," having had strangers in public spaces open up to me to tell me about their grieving, which is beautiful and difficult to do in crowded rooms of people I don't know. I have also had strangers tell me to my face that I could have done more to keep my father alive. Who the fuck are you, telling me this to my face like you know me and my family. Fuck you and your armchair judgment. Why do you think you can do this. And this too, is the beauty and difficulty of poetry.
Perhaps these are ways of telling that the poetry is effective, and perhaps you will tell me I must weigh the "good" and the "bad." That it evens out in the end, that it is a good problem to have, people in public talking about your work, talking to you about your work, responding to your work because they took the time to listen to you. I am inclined to agree, but I also know it's wearing me down.
I have been asking myself whether I should want to continue sharing these deepest, most honest things in my work, and it is making me uncertain, where I want my next manuscript to go when it finally leaves my hard drive. What will it, and I, go through, once it's in the world. I see why other writers go the route of the clever and the quirky as a kind of social protection. I see it, I get it, and I also hate it, seeing POC writers having to make themselves socially neuter as a strategy, or falsely transcendent, looking obviously disingenuous. I think this too, is the opposite of bravery. I can't help but think, might this also stunt the growth of the work.
I don't have a tidy resolution here. I'm just in this space, and I don't know yet what to do with it. I know readers in my community who want honesty and social relevance, not cleverness and artifice, and I love that about them. And I want to keep bringing it.
Categories: Work, Writing
Previous Post#APIAHeritageMonth #APAHM: How women hustle against erasure
Next Post[Poem/Immigrant Song] Brown Girl Fields Many Questions
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You are an Ascension Alum and a common thread binds us all!
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Entertainment News,
Music News,
Missy Elliott, others to be inducted into songwriter hall of fame
By Associated Press on January 13, 2019
In this July 7, 2018 file photo, Missy Elliott performs at the 2018 Essence Festival in New Orleans. Missy Elliott is making history as the first female rapper inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, whose 2019 class also includes legendary British singer Cat Stevens and country-folk icon John Prine. The organization announced the new group of inductees Saturday, Jan. 12, 2019. (Amy Harris/Invision/AP photo)
NEW YORK (AP) — Missy Elliott is making history as the first female rapper inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, whose 2019 class also includes legendary British singer Cat Stevens and country-folk icon John Prine.
The organization announced the new group of inductees Saturday. Other inductees include Tom T. Hall, who Johnny Cash called his "all-time favorite songwriter"; Jack Tempchin, who co-wrote songs for the Eagles and Glenn Frey's solo albums; and Dallas Austin, the songwriter behind radio hits for TLC, Monica, Pink, Boyz II Men, Madonna and more.
Elliott is just the third rapper to enter into the Songwriters Hall, following Jay-Z and Jermaine Dupri's inductions in 2017 and 2018, respectively. While she's written her own raps, Elliott has also lent her writing skills to everyone from Beyonce to Whitney Houston to the late icon Aaliyah.
The new class of songwriters will officially be inducted on June 13 at the Marriott Marquis Hotel in New York City. Songwriters are eligible for induction after writing hit songs for at least 20 years.
Stevens, who also goes by Yusuf (the name he took when he converted), has been a respected writer since releasing his debut in 1967. He's had a string of Top 40 hits, from "Peace Train" to "Morning Has Broken." And "The First Cut Is the Deepest," which he wrote five decades ago, has become a hit for multiple artists, including Rod Stewart and Sheryl Crow.
Prine's inclusion is extra-special since he was nominated for this year's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame but didn't make the cut. The 72-year-old has become an affable songwriting guru for many of Nashville's talented young artists, including rocker Dan Auerbach of the Black Keys, country rebel Sturgill Simpson and the married Americana darlings Jason Isbell and Amanda Shires.
Reporting by Mesfin Fekadu
The Associated Press delivers in-depth coverage on today's Big Story including top stories, international, politics, lifestyle, business, entertainment, and more.
AaliyahAmanda ShiresBeyoncéBoyz II MenCat StevensDallas AustinDan Auerbachentertainment newsGlenn FreyJack TempchinJason IsbellJay-ZJermaine DupriJohn PrineJohnny CashMadonnaMarriott Marquis HotelMissy ElliottMonicamusic newsNew York CityRod StewartSheryl CrowSongwriters Hall of FameSturgill SimpsonThe Black KeysThe EaglesTLCTom T. HallWhitney Houston
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text:
Q: Prove that $X_1 + ... + X_r \sim NB(r,p)$ Let $X_1,...,X_r$ be independent random variables with geometric distribution $X_i \sim Geometric(p)$. Then $$X_1 + ... + X_r \sim NB(r,p)$$
This is what I have tried:
$$\begin{eqnarray} P(X_1+...+X_r = k) &=& P(X_1 = k - X_2 -...-X_r)
\\&=& P(X_1 = k - j_2 -...-j_r, X_2 = j_2 , .., X_r=j_r)
\\&=& P(X_1 = k - j_2 -...-j_r) \cdot P(X_2 = j_2) \cdot ... \cdot P(X_r = j_r)
\\&=& (1-p)^k \cdot p^r
\end{eqnarray}$$
which is not quite right since we're missing the factor $ {k+r-1 \choose k}$. But where did I go wrong?

A: $Y = X_1+...+X_r$ is the number of trials until $r$ successes. Note that the last trial must be successful. Therefore $\{Y=k\}$ consists of the following two independent events:

*

*$r-1$ successes in $k-1$ trials;

*Success in the last ($k$-th) trial.

Taking into account that the probability of the first event equals to the probability that a binomial variable with parameters $k-1$ and $p$ equals to $r-1$ we get:
$$
P\{Y=k\} = \left( \begin{array}{c}
k-1 \\
r-1 \\
\end{array} \right)p^{r-1}(1-p)^{k-1-(r-1)}p = \left( \begin{array}{c}
k-1 \\
r-1 \\
\end{array} \right)p^{r}(1-p)^{k-r}
$$
The last result is the probability mass function corresponding to the following definition of the negative binomial distribution: "the number of trials until $r$ successes" (other definitions of this distribution exist).

A: When $r=2$ you have
$$\begin{align}
\mathsf P(X_1+X_2=k) & =\sum_{j_2=0}^k \mathsf P(X_1=k-j_2)\mathsf P(X_2=j_2)
\\ & = \sum_{j_2=0}^k (1-p)^{k-j_2}p\cdot (1-p)^{j_2}p
\\ & = (k+1) (1-p)^kp^2
\end{align}$$
Now extend this to summation over $j_2, .., j_r$ for any $r\leq k$.
$$\begin{align}
\mathsf P(\sum_{i=1}^r X_i=k) & = \sum_{j_2=0}^k\sum_{j_3=0}^{k-j_2}\cdots\sum_{j_r=0}^{k-\sum_{i=2}^r j_i} \left(\mathsf P\left(X_1=k-\sum_{i=2}^r j_i\right)\prod_{i=2}^r\mathsf P(X_i=j_i)\right)
\\ & = (1-p)^k p^r \left(\sum_{j_2=0}^k\sum_{j_3=0}^{k-j_2}\cdots\sum_{j_r=0}^{k-\sum_{i=2}^r j_i} 1\right)
\end{align}$$
Now use a combinatorial argument on that summation.   Hint: What is it counting?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This eBook provides up-to-date guidance for selecting a Product Data Management (PDM) system or service for an engineering organization.
What is Product Data Management (PDM)?
Today, we're in an era of change for Product Data Management. New needs and technology revolutions are driving new and interesting capabilities into this long staid class of server-based IT systems. With new capabilities come new considerations for selecting the right PDM solution for your organization.
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Consider the need to manage multi-CAD data. Practically every modern engineering organization has to exchange design data in a wide variety of CAD formats with their suppliers, partners and customers. Employing a PDM system that understands one CAD format extremely well and treats all others as foreigners no longer works. On another front, today's engineers must take broader enterprise considerations into account during design. That translates into getting non-technical users from manufacturing, suppliers, service and other organizations access to designs without burdening them with CAD applications.
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All of these changes and more reframe the criteria that should be considered when selecting a PDM system. Ultimately, that is the purpose of this guide.