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When the child says no: Understanding and responding to the needs of the alienated child
17 Feb 2020 karenwoodall Uncategorized 10 comments
This is a paper compiled from our lectures in Warsaw, Bucharest and Zagreb in 2019. It can be download here
The development of our treatment routes for children affected by psychological splitting will be presented in a further paper at the 57th AFCC conference in New Orleans in May this year as well as at the European Association of Parental Alienation Practitioners 3rd Conference in Zagreb on June 15/16
Woodall, N. & Woodall, K. (2019)
Whilst there is no legal definition in England and Wales, the term parental alienation has legal meaning as a result of case law. For example, in 2010, HHJ Bellamy (sitting as a deputy High Court Judge) ruled that, 'the concept of alienation as a feature of some high conflict parental disputes may today be regarded as mainstream' (Re S (Transfer of Residence) [2010] 1 FLR 1785) and, most recently, The Honourable Mr Justice Keehan, sitting in the High Court, said, 'parental alienation is very harmful to a child. It skews the child's ability to form any and all sorts of relationships and is not limited to the failed relationship with the other parent' Re H (Parental Alienation) [2019] EWHC 2723 (Fam).
In the field of psychology, parental alienation has been recognised for many decades. As early as the 1940s, Wilhelm Reich, in his exposition of what he termed 'emotional plague' used, by way of example, one divorcing parent engaged in denigrating behaviour as 'a means of alienating the child' from the other parent (1990, p. 521). Contemporary theoretical perspectives and debates around parental alienation, however, are typically traced back to an article published in the journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry that described 'conscious (…) subconscious and unconscious factors within one parent that contribute to a child's alienation' from their other parent (Gardner, 1985, p.3).
In their theoretical reformulation of parental alienation, in 2001, Kelly and Johnston argued that it was not a syndrome or a mental disorder of the child and introduced the idea of the 'alienated child.' Most recently, the World Health Organisation (2019) has included the term parental alienation as a search and index term for QE52.1 (Loss of love relationship in childhood: Loss of an emotionally close relationship, such as of a parent, a sibling, a very special friend or a loved pet, by death or permanent departure or rejection) in the latest edition of the International Classification of Diseases. At the Family Separation Clinic, we conceptualise parental alienation as being the 'spectrum problem of induced defensive splitting in a child that, typically, occurs within the context of a divorce or family separation and which causes the child to pathologically align with one of their parents, rendering them vulnerable to that parent's intra-psychic conflicts and defences' (Woodall & Woodall, 2019).
Cases of parental alienation typically present themselves to practitioners in the arena of private child 'custody' proceedings, often because a child is resisting or refusing to spend time with one of their parents. The risk is that these cases are treated as 'contact' disputes or the result of conflict between parents. In fact, they are neither. Whilst the problem of parental alienation appears to be the child's rejection of one of their parents, in reality the rejection is not the cause of the problem but is, rather, a symptom of the child's pathological alignment to the other parent.
Rather than being a child custody issue, parental alienation is a mental health problem that can result in significant and lasting harm to the child (for example, Baker, 2005; Novković, Buljan Flander & Hercigonja, 2012; v Boch-Galhau, 2018). It is for this reason that child protection approaches must be built into both the assessment and treatment of these cases.
Parental alienation should be recognised as an attachment disturbance. An attachment bond serves to provide a child with a safe haven in which the child can rely on his or her primary caregivers for comfort at times whenever she or he feels threatened, frightened or in danger. It also provides the child with a secure base that offers the child a foundation from which she or he can develop their own coping skills. In the early part of their lives, infants will maintain physical proximity to their attachment figures. However, over time, the child will begin to explore the world around them but return to proximity with the nearest or preferred attachment figure if things go wrong or if they feel insecure or threatened. Typically, children will become unhappy and sorrowful when they become separated from a caregiver. In response to the attentiveness and quality of the care that our parents provide, each of us develops a somewhat different attachment style (Howe, 2011).
The attachment process may be considered to be an evolutionary imperative. As Bowlby (1988, p. 135) explains, 'attachment theory emphasizes (…) the primary status and biological function of intimate emotional bonds between individuals, the making and maintaining of which are postulated to be controlled by a cybernetic system situated within the central nervous system, utilizing working models of self and attachment figure in relationship with each other.' Our early attachment experiences provide us with a template that shapes and colours our experiences of our relational world throughout our lives. Some are more effective and stable than others. Nevertheless, 'regardless of the quality of the parent-child relationship, children are biologically hard-wired to form and maintain an attachment relationship with their caregivers' (Baker, Creegan, Quinones & Rozelle, 2016). In other words, a parent does not need to do anything special for a child to attach to them; the child is evolutionarily predisposed to do so.
In an intact family, children have a separate and unique attachment bond to each of their parents, as well as a unified attachment to both of them within the family system. This is likely to extend to wider family members such as grandparents, aunts and uncles. Children generally experience movement between these attachment figures as fluid and attachment transitions tend to be easy and comfortable. However, when their parents separate, children must find a way to retain their individual attachment bonds with each parent but in a fractured relational environment. Whilst all children will feel some emotional discomfort when they are making the psychological transition from being in the care of one parent to being in the care of the other, most will be able to find a way to manage it; we call this crossing the 'transition bridge' (Woodall & Woodall, 2017) .
However, children who experience pressure in their inter and intra-psychic experience of the post-separation environment, may find it impossible to make the psychological transition between one parent and the other. It is in this space that an alienation reaction may develop. However, it is important to recognise that an alienation reaction signals dysfunction in the child's relationship, not with the rejected parent, but in the relationship with the aligned parent. An alienation reaction is, fundamentally, the result of a pathological alignment to one of their parents. This raises the question about what it is that causes a child to pathologically align to one parent at the expense of the other. At the Family Separation Clinic, we consider that the answer lies in the attachment threat that the child experiences in the shadow of that aligned parent's behaviours. At the heart of this response is the child's felt experience that it is not acceptable to maintain a relationship with their other parent. These messages are sometimes overt – what Baker and Eichler (2016) would describe as 'strategies' – but are, also, very often rooted in the inter-psychic relationship between the child and the parent that they become aligned to; these have often been present in the pre-separation family relationships. Children in these circumstances will have an unconscious awareness of the power dynamics between their parents. These dynamics are established through the inter-personal relationship between the parents, entrenched behavioural patters, overt and covert patterns of coercive control and unregulated emotional affect. Critical to the development of an alienation reaction is the child's unconscious, existential terror of abandonment.
Overt strategies may include making a child believe they have been abused or abandoned, making the child feel that they are unsafe in the other parent's care, devaluing the role of the other parent, involving the child in a hostile narrative about the other parent and their wider family, involving the child in things about the adult relationship and encouraging the child to make false or fabricated allegations. Messages that are transmitted in the inter-psychic relationship between the child and the aligned parent include emotional shunning and abandonment threat, unpredictable and unregulated anger or terrorisation of the child, emotional dysregulation and psychological decompensation, or creating anxiety in a child by being overly anxious or emotional each time the child is due to see the rejected parent. Role corruption can be another significant factor in the development of an alienation reaction in a child.
Indeed, role corruption is a common feature of cases in which children have pathologically split after family separation. These are often highly enmeshed parent- child relationships in which the child has become parentified (for example, Boszormenyi-Nagy & Spark ,1973), and serves as a caregiver to their parent, orspousified (for example, Minuchin, 1974), and serves as a primary source of emotional intimacy for the parent. Johnston, Walters & Olesen (2005, p. 191) argue that, 'parents who were alienating were also those who had poor boundaries and engaged in role reversal with their children,' noting that 'they had difficulty distinguishing their own feelings from those of their child, and the child often became the parent's confidante, comforting and admonishing other family members, thus assuming an inappropriate executive or parenting role in the family.' Whilst Kerig (2005, p. 13) notes that, 'unlike overt forms of emotional abuse, such as denigration or terrorization of the child, boundary dissolution takes more covert forms that may be veiled under a guise of parental solicitude, effusive warmth, and camaraderie,' warning that boundary violation 'is the defining feature of childhood psychopathology' (ibid).
Other frequent features in alienation cases can be the transmission of unresolved transgenerational trauma such as configurations of Haley's perverse triangle (1977) in which an unresolved trauma, such as childhood sexual abuse, manifests itself in the present-day family dynamics. In such cases, dissociated from their own childhood trauma, the drama of the family separation causes the aligned parent to unconsciously project their own unresolved trauma onto the child as though the child, itself, was being abused. This enables the parent to assume the role of rescuer to the child victim, placing the rejected parent in the position of the child's abuser. In such circumstances, the aligned parent maintains a delusional belief in order to psychologically defend themselves against the trauma they suffered in the past and can draw the child into a shared encapsulated delusional belief as a way of validating and upholding the defence.
Complex personality profiles and personality disorders are also common in the most severe cases of alienation. These include Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Borderline (Emotionally Unstable) Personality Disorder, Histrionic Personality Disorder, Paranoid Personality Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Sociopathic Personality Disorder; as well as issues like intrusive parenting. Psychoanalytic concepts, such as Ferenczi's identification with the aggressor that identifies that, in the face of a threatening or out of control parent, children are compelled to 'subordinate themselves like automata to the will of the aggressor' (1949, p. 227), 'actively teaching the child to invalidate his or her own experiences by making it necessary for the child to scan the environment for cues about how to act and feel' (Linehan & Koerner, 1993) can also help illuminate the child's rejecting behaviour.
The underlying feature in all children who are refusing to see a parent without justification is pathological splitting. Splitting refers to the unconscious failure to integrate aspects of self or others into a unified whole. It is an infantile defence mechanism (for example, Klien, 1946; Winnicott, 1989) that helps a child to make sense of the world around them and protects them from irreconcilable feelings. Faced with the overwhelmingly contradictory and unmanageable experience of recognising that to ameliorate the behaviours of one parent they must reject the other, the child splits off the powerless and vulnerable aspect of the self as a separate object representation. This inability to hold an integrated sense of self is then projected outward and manifests itself as a secondary split in which one parent becomes the embodiment of everything that is nurturing and good and the other parent the embodiment of everything that is threatening and bad.
Utilising Rohner's Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (2005), research carried out by Bernet, Gregory, Reay and Rohner (2017), strongly suggested that 'severely alienated children engaged in a high level of splitting,' but that 'splitting was not manifested by the children in other family groups' such as those living in intact families, children of divorced parents who continued to see both parents on a regular basis, and neglected children of divorced parents who lived with their mothers and rarely or never saw their fathers. Ruppert, (2011) notes that, whilst pathological splitting may bring temporary relief for the child, it carries the potential for serious and lasting psychological harm.
At the Family Separation Clinic, our differential assessment process seeks, through clinical observation, to identify the severity of splitting reaction in the child and to ascertain whether it is fixed or responsive to environmental change. We also work to understand the dynamics that have caused the child to split through an assessment of factors such as patterns of power and control in the family, the presence of unresolved trauma and signs of personality disorder, attachment issues in the parents and through adapted Internal Family Systems analysis. It should be noted that there are no specific parental behaviours that lead to what may be termed a 'justified rejection;' alienation is identified through the presence or otherwise of induced psychological splitting.
What may be considered to be traditional therapies have been shown to be contraindicated in alienation cases. Analysis based on 1,000 cases, undertaken by Clawar & Rivlin (2013), identified that 'even under court order, traditional therapies are of little, if any, benefit in regard to treating this form of child abuse' and Fidler, Bala and Saini (2013) argue that 'therapy in more severe cases, which may include some moderate cases, may be associated with the alienation becoming more entrenched.' Critically, Andritzky (2002) notes that 'there are no reports of successful treatment of mild/ medium level [alienation] that do not include the re-establishment of contact between child and alienated parent.'
Using a child protection approach, the Family Separation Clinic seeks to understand the unique dynamics of each case. Where alienation is identified, we utilise a legal and mental health interlock (in which the legal intervention deals with the power and control element through the threat of sanction and the mental health intervention deals with the issue within the family) to produce the conditions in which dynamic change for the child becomes possible, and implement a structured intervention based on immediate relief of splitting in the child. This typically involves an immediate reconnection with the rejected parent through in situ therapeutic interventions where possible or, where determined by the court, a change of residence with a therapeutic bridging plan. This approach seeks protect the child as a matter of priority by constraining the alienating parent's behaviours, where possible, or protecting the child from the source of harm where constraint is not possible. Further, it always seeks to protect the child's right to a relationship with both parents and supports a permanent resolution of child's defensive splitting.
Ultimately, in alienation cases, the courts, mental health practitioners and others have to be prepared to override the child's wishes and feelings in order to meet the child's needs. As Warshak (2003) argues, 'children align themselves with the parent they most fear, or the parent they regard as most unstable (…) although these children may be outspoken in their custodial preferences, their wishes may not reflect their genuine best interests (…) Giving children's wishes and feelings paramount weight in determining the outcome of such cases burdens children with the terrible responsibility and impossible task of managing the adult world around them.'
Andritzky, W. (2002). Behavioural patterns and personality structure of alienating parents. In W. v Boch-Galhau, U. Kodjoe, W. Andritzky & P. Koeppel (Eds.), The parental alienation syndrome (PAS): An interdisciplinary challenge for professionals involved in divorce (pp. 283-314). Berlin: Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung.
Baker, A.J.L. (2005). The Long-Term Effects of Parental Alienation on Adult Children: A Qualitative Research Study. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 33:289–302
Baker, A. J. L., Creegan, A., Quinones, A. & Rozelle, L. (2016). Foster children's views of their birth parents: A review of the literature. Children and Youth Services Review, 67, 177-183.
Baker, A. J. L. & Eichler, A. (2016). The linkage between parental alienation behaviors and child alienation. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 57:7, 475-484.
Bernet, W., Gregory, N., Reay, K. M. and Rohner, R. P. (2017). An Objective Measure of Splitting in Parental Alienation: The Parental Acceptance–Rejection Questionnaire. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 63(3):776-783.
v Boch-Galhau, W. (2018). Parental alienation: A serious form of psychological child abuse. Mental Health and Family Medicine, 13, 725-739
Boszormenyi-Nagy, I., & Spark, G. (1973). Invisible loyalties: Reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row.
Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Clinical applications of attachment theory. Hove: Brunner-Routledge.
Clawar, S. S. & Rivlin, B. V. (2013). Children held hostage: Identifying brainwashed children, presenting a case, and crafting solutions (2nd Edition). Chicago, IL: American Bar Association.
Ferenczi, S. (1949). Confusion of the tongues between the adults and the child (The Language of Tenderness and of Passion). International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 30:225-230.
Fidler, B. J., Bala, N., & Saini, M. A. (2013). Children who resist postseparation parental contact: A differential approach for legal and mental health professionals. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Gardner, R. A. (1985). Recent trends in divorce and custody litigation. Academy Forum, 29(2), 3–7.
Haley, J. (1977). Toward a theory of pathological systems. In P. Watzlawick & J. Weakland (Eds.), The interactional view (pp. 31-48). New York: Norton.
Howe, D. (2011). Attachment across the lifecourse: A brief introduction. London: Palgrave.
Johnston, J. R., Walters, M. G., & Olesen, N. W. (2005). Is it alienating parenting, role reversal or child abuse?: A study of children's rejection of a parent in child custody disputes. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 5(4), 191–218.
Kelly, J. B., & Johnston, J. R. (2001). The alienated child: A reformulation of parental alienation syndrome. Family Court Review, 39, 249–266.
Kerig, P. K. (2005). Implications of parent-child boundary dissolution for developmental psychopathology: Who is the parent and who is the child? New York: Haworth Press.
Klein, M. (1946). Notes on Some Schizoid Mechanisms. Int. J. Psycho-Anal., 27:99-110.
Linehan, M. M., & Koerner, K. (1993). Behavioral theory of borderline personality disorder. In J. Paris (Ed.), Borderline personality disorder: Etiology and treatment (pp. 103-121). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press.
Minuchin, S. (1974). Families and family therapy . Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Novković, V.. Buljan Flander, G. & Hercigonja, D. (2012). Parental manipulation with children as a form of emotional abuse. 40. 151-156.
Reich, W. (1990). Character analysis (3rd ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Rohner, R. P. (2005). Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ): Test manual. In R. P. Rohner & A. Khaleque (Eds.) Handbook for the study of parental acceptance and rejection, 4thed. (pp. 43-106).Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.
Ruppert, F. (2011). Splits in the soul: Integrating traumatic experiences. Steyning: Green Balloon Publishing.
Warshak, R.A. (2003). Payoffs and pitfalls of listening to children. Family Relations, 52, 373-384.
Winnicott, D. W. (1989). The Concept of Trauma. In C. Winnicott, R. Shepard, and M. David (eds.), Psycho-Analytic Explorations, pp 130-148, MA; Harvard University Press.
Woodall, K. & Woodall, N. (2017). Understanding parental alienation: Learning to cope, helping to heal. Springfield IL: Charles C Thomas.
Woodall, N. & Woodall, K. (2019, July). Working with post-separation induced psychological splitting in children. Paper presented at the Association of Youth & Family Judges and Specialists, and Zagreb Child and Youth Protection Centre seminar at the Teaching Institute for Public Health, Zagreb.
World Health Organization. (2019). ICD-11 for mortality and morbidity statistics. Retrieved November 2, 2019, from https://icd.who.int/dev11/l-m/en#/ http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f181823991
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TargetedP says:
May i have permission to use some of your articles in my court case? I am applying for change of residence at family court.
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Richardp says:
I have read through many of your blogs, and find them all very interesting and the research seems to be working to reintegrate families very well. What I can't find answers to is what would be perceived as justifiable reasons for the rejection or reluctance to spend time with the other parent.
As the 'alienating' parent as alleged at present, I am here reading trying to reflect on how I may have at least been a large contributory factor. Though the 'alienated' parent in this case, has had plenty of quality parenting time, and chosen to be emotionally cold, withdrawn, authoritarian, controlling, and deliberately eradicated me from the children's lives whilst they are there. They are not allowed to talk of me positively, only to be quizzed by the other parent, aren't allowed to contact me when there, and are shouted at when I am brought up. They are also ignored for hours at a time, eldest cares for the younger two and they struggle with the lack of emotional warmth and still crave that attention and love from the 'alienated parent'.
I don't want to cause my children further harm, if that's what I'm doing. I want them to have a relationship with that parent but a happy healthy one, but feel stuck.
karenwoodall says:
If your children are telling you this Richard but there is nothing observed at the home of the parent they are rejecting which would confirm this and the children are displaying psychological splitting-ie they idealise you and demonise the other parent, then deeper investigation must take place. Children who have abusive parents do not completely reject them, rather they want that parent to love them and will blame themselves rather than that parent for the abuse. The key issue is the investigation of the other parent's behaviours during assessment, the presence or not of splitting and the assessment of your own behaviours for any cause of alignment. I hope you are being properly assessed by someone who understands alienation? In our full assessments, we will spend up to 30 hours with a family before reporting and will spend time with both parents observing them with the children. (our initial assessments are often based upon reading of the paperwork only, something that the Court asks for at times in difficult cases. These protect children from being over interviewed).
There is an investigation. But the children nor I have been spoken to. What the children each have said is that the other parent is loving and affectionate when other people are around. All 3 children still love and want to see the other parent. The eldest states she wants to see that parent but doesn't feel comfortable being overnight there at this time. Middle one craves kisses and cuddles from the parent, and wants people to be around all of the time so that she can get that affection. Littlest loves the other parent. Gets excited to go there. Then comes back and says he's been on his own and found it very hard. We look for good, they watched a film we chatted animatedly about this. I have endeavoured to help make things better, sending bikes, teddies, and encouraging talking of the positives. I am all for getting this full and accurate assessment. I have no trauma to talk of in childhood, unless hidden, and willing to explore this. I would say I have trauma from the marriage, and from court processes, and have entered into trauma therapy to explore all of these things. I feel I am not being interrogated, accused and vilified and finding it all very scary.
And may I ask how this would be demonstrated when the children are there alone with the parent. There can be no evidence. The children separately have their own issues but their version of events go together and what they say happens sounds the same yet how they feel is very different. I am at a loss and don't know what to do.
Where are you in the world Richard and who is accusing you of alienation?
Rachel o'boyle says:
I am being accused by my ex and their legal team, and the guardian who is now involved. No one has spoken to me or the children. I had a zoom psychological assessment which says I'm very likely alienating the children but citing no evidence. I am very scare. The other parent has changed parenting style, the children highlight when this happen, and is now very authoritarian, rigid, offers very little attention or affection. We have differing parenting styles which I can accept, the children find it very hard to accept, and get hard to get used to. They have still gone to contact despite upset for 2 years. It is getting harder not easier as the upset grows.
I am in the northwest of England. I want an expert involved who can help us resolve this so that we can all get on with our lives. How do I go about this. The legal costs have been huge and no one gains.
Rachel, any assessment has to include the children and the parent who is alleged to be alienating. Whilst some of us will undertake paper based assessments to determine whether there are signs of induced psychological splitting, full assessment is always required and that should include observations of the children with you and with the other parent. The issue about children in these circumstances is that they do switch their behaviours and will say things which are untrue as a way of coping with the difference in parenting styles. If you are being accused of alienation you must be able to demonstrate how you are helping the children to make the crossing back and forth between you and their father. Anyone who does this work should support both parents if both parents are willing to be part of a programme of work, especially if the children are showing switching behaviours. Any report which alleges that the children are showing induced psychological splitting should be evidenced with observations. Whilst we can see signs of splitting in reports on paper and we can say that this is present from those reports, further action in the Court would require a full assessment. (Some people try to make out that there are contradictions in paper based assessments and full assessments but there are no contradictions, one leads to the other in the court process and nothing happens without a Judge directing it to, which means that it is to the Judge that you must present evidence to rebut anything that is being said but not evidenced). An expert who says that there is alienation but does not give any path to resolution is not helpful at all. You need to ask for input from someone who can provide a structured intervention aimed at assisting both parents to understand and cope with the children's behaviours. I agree, it is frightening when children enter into the induced psychological splitting defence, they behave strangely and they show high levels of emotional dysregulation. This is because they are trying to cope with something impossible – I sometimes think being cared for by two parents who cannot communicate or even look at each other must be a special form of hell for children whose whole lives demand fluid attachment responses. I see some cases of allegations of alienation which are not alienation at all, any psychologist who does this work has to be on the look out for false positives of this nature. It is easy to tell a false allegation of alienation or when as an expert you are being treated as a hired gun – when you disagree that it is alienation, the parent alleging it reveals themselves, sometimes projecting huge amounts of rage at the expert, the courts and any others they deem to have 'failed' them. I see it a lot because if I cannot see induced psychological splitting in children, I will not say it is there. K
Richard p says:
To help the children we talk positively about our memories from when we were together as a family, look at photos and engage in chat about it. I send teddies, clothes, toys, bikes, Christmas, birthday presents that the children choose, allow them to phone/FaceTime whenever they like, if they achieve I send photos/videos, I have tried to offer help in changing the contact, offered flexibility. I provide information ie for medication, what to do if unwell.
I will be the first to say that when we separated the children going was tough. I did everything in my power to hide that struggle from them but could never say that they didn't pick up on it. That got easier for me and things were ok for a few months. The children state the other parent changed and the eldest can describe when and how exactly. That was 2 years ago. This was when the new disciplinarian approach came, shouting, allegedly smacking, controlled environment, and activities and interaction lessened drastically. It was then the issues started for the eldest. The other 2 were fine, but over time have enjoyed it less and less, and then the impact started to show last year. Other parent promised the school counsellor and head teacher that changes would be made, promised the children, and they do not happen.
They are prevented from contacting me, but ask often. They are stopped from contacting friends. They are not allowed to talk about me positively, but are asked about what I am doing often by the other parent. They are also quizzed about my partner which makes them uncomfortable.


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Well its been a while now and it changed alot of things.
I start working in a complete new place with people who i love to work with i dont get panic attacks anymore when im on my way at work, i meet so many kind people there and im finally happy to find a new Job like that … yeah sometimes i hate it to work but who doesnt ;).
What else changed … well i start and still try to see things not to bad as i did in the past, sure theres always days where i fall back into my old mood but i have people around me or on the internet who cheer me up and to stop me to do bad things and im so happy that i have them in my life now… i never thought that my life really changed that much in the last 2 years. Mostly it changed cause i meet people like them. To look back now, to see old post .. i dont know i get a really weird feeling about it.
If someone told me that i change that much in 2 years i wouldnt believed him to be honest, i really start to kind of enjoy life, i love to laugh abput things, i opened myself infront of people about everything and it feelt good, i just need to get up always when i fall, i just need to remind myself theres people who care and always will.
and its never lame or weak to search for help never forget sometimes we cant win the battle alone so we nee to get help and thoose people will help you to love yourself because your life is precious, all of your life is it.


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MemberGregory S. Jay
5 January 2013 0 comments
American Studies; African American Cultural Studies
Gregory S. Jay 5 January 2013 0 comments
Gregory S. Jay
MemberLaura Lynn Mielke
18 July 2014 0 comments
nineteenth-century US literature and culture, early American literature, Native American literature, African American literature, American studies, performance studies, theatre history, sentimentalism
Laura Lynn Mielke 18 July 2014 0 comments
Laura Lynn Mielke
MemberMaya Aghasi
29 May 2014 0 comments
Narrative, Visual Culture, Visuality, Sexual Identity, Gender Studies, Arabic Literature, African American Literature, Race Studies, Urban Studies, Modernity
Maya Aghasi 29 May 2014 0 comments
Maya Aghasi
MemberBjörn Sonnenberg-Schrank
Television/Visual Culture, Film Studies, 20th Century Literature, Cultural Studies, Disability Studies, Youth/Teenage Culture, Subculture, Popular Culture, Urban Studies, Comic/Sequential Art, Popular Music, Feminism, Cultural Geography, Poststructuralism, Material Culture, Gender/Queer Studies, Critical Theory, African American Studies
Björn Sonnenberg-Schrank 20 May 2013 0 comments
Björn Sonnenberg-Schrank
MemberGiovanna Covi
3 October 2013 0 comments
Contemporary literatures in English, in particular Caribbean and African-American women poets and fiction writers; Feminist Theory and Race Critical Theory; Postcolonial and Cultural Studies
Giovanna Covi 3 October 2013 0 comments
Giovanna Covi
MemberWendy Laura Belcher
15 September 2015 0 comments
African language literature (especially that in Gəˁəz, Amharic, Hausa), Anglophone African literature, early African literature, African film, African women authors, history of the African book, African manuscript cultures, African female saints, and queer African studies; as well as race and gender in eighteenth-century English literature, comparative African and European studies, postcolonial literature, Chicana/o literature, African American literature, comparative hagiographies, gender and sexuality, memoir, indirection and censorship, travel literature, manuscript studies, prison literature, intellectual autobiography, and supernatural monsters.
Wendy Laura Belcher 15 September 2015 0 comments
Wendy Laura Belcher
MemberVanessa Valdés
I am the author of Diasoric Blackness: The Life and Times of Arturo Schomburg (2017) and Oshun's Daughters: The Search for Womanhood of the Americas (2014). I am the editor of The Future Is Now: A New Look at African Diaspora Studies (2012) and Let Spirit Speak! Cultural Journeys of the African Diaspora (2012). I serve as the book review editor of sx salon, of the Small Axe Project. My research interests focus on the literatures of the African Diaspora in the Americas – U.S. Latinx and Africsn American; Hispanic Caribbean; Hispanic American and Brazilian Literatures, with an examination of constructions of race, gender, and class.
Vanessa Valdés 3 January 2013 0 comments
Vanessa Valdés
MemberMatthew Omelsky
23 November 2018 0 comments
Matthew Omelsky is the postdoctoral fellow for the "Racial Disposability and Cultures of Resistance" Mellon Sawyer Seminar based in Penn State's Department of African American Studies.
Matthew Omelsky 23 November 2018 0 comments
Matthew Omelsky
MemberLaura Helton
4 March 2013 0 comments
Laura E. Helton is Assistant Professor of Print and Material Culture in the Department of English at the University of Delaware. Her work on African American print culture, archival studies, and public humanities has appeared or is forthcoming in PMLA, Social Text, and Southern Quarterly. Her current book project, "Collecting and Collectivity: Black Archival Publics, 1900-1950," examines the emergence of African American archives and libraries to show how historical recuperation shaped forms of racial imagination in the early twentieth century.
Laura Helton 4 March 2013 0 comments
Laura Helton
MemberNadia Nurhussein
24 October 2017 0 comments
My work focuses on late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century African American literature and culture, especially poetry. In my first book, Rhetorics of Literacy: The Cultivation of American Dialect Poetry (The Ohio State University Press, 2013), I argued that dialect poetry functioned in the turn-of-the-century US in surprising ways, challenging readers' expectations of a light and entertaining subgenre. My current book project considers African American literary and cultural views of the politics of imperial Ethiopia from the 1860s to the 1930s, particularly as expressed in newspapers and magazines, reflecting an interest in periodical studies that has informed my research throughout my career.
Nadia Nurhussein 24 October 2017 0 comments
Nadia Nurhussein
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Cannabis / Marijuana, EDITORIAL
Top Speculator Peter Thiel Makes a Big Bet on the Cannabis Industry
By Anthony Wile - January 10, 2015
As we predicted long ago, cannabis is rapidly emerging as an industry. Those of us who saw the opportunity knew the large money would be made as the market gradually developed venture-capital and IPO participation. That's what is occurring now.
Ultimately, this is going to be a worldwide industry, one of our largest and most popular. The promise is immense and the possibilities are still not fully understood by most. But the starter's gun has sounded. Venture capitalist extraordinaire Peter Thiel has now taken his first big cannabis position.
Thiel's track record includes placing startup funds with both PayPal and Facebook. Here's more from Wikipedia:
Thiel cofounded PayPal with Max Levchin and Elon Musk and served as its CEO. He also co-founded Palantir, of which he is chairman. He serves as president of Clarium Capital, a global macro hedge fund with $700 million in assets under management; a managing partner in Founders Fund, a venture capital fund with $2 billion in assets under management; co-founder and investment committee chair of Mithril Capital Management; and co-founder and chairman of Valar Ventures.
He was the first outside investor in Facebook, the popular social-networking site, with a 10.2% stake acquired in 2004 for $500,000, and sits on the company's board of directors. Thiel was ranked #293 on the Forbes 400 in 2011, with a net worth of $1.5 billion as of March 2012. He was ranked #4 on the Forbes Midas List of 2014 at $2.2 billion.
In a way, Thiel's participation should not come as a surprise. He styles himself a "libertarian" and the decriminalization or legalization of cannabis usage is philosophically aligned with some libertarian values. From a purely industrial and financial perspective, when investors like Thiel step forward, the industry surely benefits from a funding standpoint.
And here, from Forbes, is more on the latest deal:
Legal Marijuana Co. Privateer Holdings Scores Millions From Peter Thiel's Founders Fund … Brendan Kennedy bristles when you ask him if smoking pot recreationally is still a stigma in the American workplace. In fact, he says that moment passed two or three years ago, as the majority of Americans now support legalizing marijuana, and even more approve its medicinal use. "Anyone who wants to consume is already consuming it," Kennedy says.
So what's Kennedy smoking? As cofounder and CEO of Privateer Holdings, he's poised to cash in on that trend in a big way, tapping a market that he believes is worth $50 billion in the United States and four times that worldwide. And now with major institutional venture backing, he's hoping to blaze a trail in making legal, legitimate bucks off that trend.
Privateer Holdings, a private equity firm with three major distinct investments in the legal cannabis space, announced Thursday that it's raised millions from its first major institutional investor, Founders Fund, as part of an ongoing Series B Round. The firm led by billionaire Peter Thiel has invested undisclosed millions but isn't leading the round, which will total $75 million between a $60 million raise and a $15 million convertible debt note. That brings the company's total funding to date to $82 million, the rest of it from earlier wealthy individuals and family offices.
The deal confirms intentions Kennedy made clear in an interview with Fortune in July, when he announced intentions to bring an institutional investor onboard. In December, Business Insider reported the deal could value the company at more than $400 million.
Privateer, the article tells us, operates three fully-owned subsidiaries involved in the cannabis industry. Tilray grows medical marijuana in British Columbia. Leafly is a cannabis-information and news site located in the US that supposedly gets 4 million visitors a month. And now there's Marley Natural, a 30-year licensing deal for cannabis products in partnership with the Marley family.
According to the Forbes analysis, "Privateer and Founders Fund are betting that the marijuana industry in the United States now has the popular support to be ripe for a new wave of trusted major brands."
As of November 2014, according to USA Today, "Twenty-three states and the nation's capital already permit medical marijuana. [Now] Washington, D.C., Alaska and Oregon join Colorado and Washington in allowing adults to possess and consume marijuana."
The rapidity with which cannabis decriminalization and legalization has moved in the US – and abroad, as well – may have surprised some but here at The Daily Bell we've predicted it almost from the beginning. We could see right away the forces gathering around cannabis were going to be almost unstoppable in short order, and indeed, they've proven so.
Others have come to share the same view and believe the industry will continue to rationalize itself along modern lines. Privateer execs, according to the article, believe the ultimate profile of the cannabis industry will be similar to alcohol or soft drinks, "where economies of scale are very important." In such instances, those first-in have an opportunity to create brand awareness and broad strategic networks.
Privateer hopes that the Founders Fund investment will encourage other venture capital firms to investigate the field. The first investment usually makes the next one easier, and Privateer itself could benefit from more investment interest, obviously.
Like Privateer and Founders Fund, High Alert has analyzed and determined what we believe to be the best way to capitalize on the cannabis trend. Count us in.
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Posted in Cannabis / Marijuana, EDITORIAL


Scattered throughout The Mustard Seed there are dining room table sets with chairs, kitchen tables and chairs, curio shelves, pie stands, desk, dressers, end tables, chairs, and entertainment cabinets. They are more than an artistic means of displaying items; they are for sale. Every piece has been "Redeemed & Repurposed" then given a Biblical name and coinciding Scripture. The paint color and information about the piece has been recorded also.
Redeemed & Repurposed strives to sell a decent refurbished piece at a decent cost. We try to go with real wood pieces, so when we fix it, it will last. The only problem is, our pieces don't last long in the store, so stop in and check out the ever changing product line of Redeemed & Repurposed!
If you can't make it in, check us out on Facebook!
We would love to have your scuffed, scratched, broken, stained or simply outdated furniture!


Kelfirius Superheroes, ready for new season!
New amazing characters and programs are ready to bring amazing colors and emotions to your event! Here they are, this seasons heroes! A female warrior from ancient times, a bard from middle ages and a masked hero from 19th century!
© 2019 Kelfirius FireShow Estonia.


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2013 January Job Cut Report: 40,430 Announced Cuts | Challenger, Gray & Christmas, Inc.
While January job cuts were up from the previous month, they were 24 percent lower than the 53,486 layoffs announced by employers the same month a year ago. This was, in fact, the third lowest January total in Challenger records going back to 1993. The only years to see fewer January job cuts were 1995 (38,962) and 2011 (38,519).
Not only was the January total among the lowest on record, but it appears that the planned layoffs announced last month will be more than offset by planned hiring. Planned hiring announcements, which represent a small fraction of the actual hiring activity in the economy, totaled 60,585 in January.
January job cuts were led by the financial and retail sectors, which announced 8,578 and 6,676 job cuts, respectively. Financial job cuts were up slightly from a year ago, when these employers announced 7,611 to start the year. Retail job cuts were 46 percent lower than the 12,426 layoffs announced in the sector in the first month of 2012.


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Committed to reducing our carbon footprint
Bespoke, modern and fully insulated, Woods distribution centre's energy is provided by solar panels. All of the shutter doors are electronic and automatically operated by sensors maintaining the correct temperatures throughout the building. Plastic curtains have also been installed to minimise temperature loss when the doors are open.
The offices are fitted with floor to ceiling windows allowing the use natural light as much as possible. Where required energy efficient bulbs are used throughout the building with motion sensors so when a room is not in use the lights automatically turn off.
The building has a water harvesting system allowing the use of rainwater where possible and we have also installed a 3-way interceptor to ensure wastewater from van washing and floor washing is filtered in a safe way.
The car park holds charging points for electric vehicles, which can be used by staff and guests.
Food delivery miles are kept to a minimum due to carefully planned delivery routes using the latest route planning technology. The vans comply with Euro 6 ratings, reducing emissions substantially. Company cars are all fully electric making them exempt from road tax and congestion charging. The entire fleet complies with London's strict low emission policy.
AdBlue is used in all of the fleet which is checked daily. The fuel consumption of each vehicle is recorded via a tracking device which also measures speed and internal temperatures. This data helps improve fuel consumption and future plans include the possibility of producing biofuel by collecting used vegetable oil from customers to recycle.
Delivery of fully electric Mercedes vans will be made later in 2019 and the eventual plan is to replace the whole fleet with electric vehicles.
The entire forklift fleet is electric.
All of the chillers and freezers within the warehouse use the latest technologies to minimise impact on the environment. The fleet chillers and freezers use eutectic plate technology which reduces emissions massively compared to the more traditional method of running a motor on top of the van.
Woods have been recycling waste for many years now. In-house compactors are used to recycle cardboard and plastic until a full truck load is baled. All unused wooden pallets are also collected by truck lorry load to be recycled. Woods also work in conjunction with suppliers to ensure packaging is constantly being reduced.
A high-tech Warehouse Management System allows maximum efficiencies. Paper picking notes have been replaced with scanners which has shown a huge reduction in the amount of paper used. The introduction of ePOD and EDI software has reduced paper invoicing to customers.
Food wastage is minimised by using warehouse management technologies by a skilled and experienced purchasing team. When required low dated stock is donated to charities such as Shelter from the storm.
The environmental strategy is reviewed regularly which all staff are fully trained on. The government ride-to-work and car share scheme are available to all staff. Laptops and phones are provided so staff are able to work from home at times to reduce travel the headquarters are located just a 10-minute walk from Uxbridge station which encourages staff to use public transport where possible.
Where possible produce is sourced locally. When this is not possible, full loads are ordered. Woods are committed to supplying customers with a range of organic and fair-trade products and also offer products from sustainable sources and only deal with reputable suppliers that have satisfied a strict accreditation process.
Woods Foodservice have an AA grade BRC certification, which demonstrates maximum efficiencies are in place at all times. The Confex 'green wholesaler' of the year has also been awarded.


text:
import {IBlockchain} from "./IBlockchain";
import IBlockchainParams from "./IBlockchainParams";
import {AnyCoinCode} from "../Asset";
import {BlockchainCode} from "./blockchains";

export class Bitcoin implements IBlockchain {
  params: IBlockchainParams;

  constructor(params: IBlockchainParams) {
    this.params = params;
  }

  getAssets(): AnyCoinCode[] {
    return [this.params.coinTicker];
  }

    getTitle(): string {
        return this.params.code == BlockchainCode.BTC ? "Bitcoin" : "Bitcoin Testnet";
    }

    isValidAddress(address: string): boolean {
        return address.startsWith("bc1") || address.startsWith("tb1");
    }

}

export interface BalanceUtxo {
    /**
     * Target address
     */
    address: string;
    /**
     * Bitcoin transaction Id
     */
    txid: string;
    /**
     * Transaction vout
     */
    vout: number;
    /**
     * encoded BigAmount
     */
    value: string;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Thank you for entrusting the care and attention of your pet to the Croft Veterinary Centre. Some aspects of the Terms may not be relevant to you, and we request that you ask for further explanation or clarification if required.
We aim to provide you at all times with an excellent service. We aim to provide your pet with the highest standard of care and treatment.
All fees, diets and drug charges are subject to VAT at the current rate. Fee levels are determined by the time spent on a case and according to the drugs, materials, consumables and diets used. You will receive a detailed fee note for every consultation, surgical procedure or transaction with us. Fees for work performed out of hours at Hart Veterinary Centre (our our of hours emergency care provider) will be payable directly to Hart Vets at the time of treatment.
If any account is not settled within 30 days, a reminder will be sent with an additional accounting fee, in respect of administration costs incurred. Should it be necessary for further reminders to be sent, further charges will be incurred. These however may be deducted if payment is made promptly. After due notice to you the client, overdue accounts will be referred to our debt collection agency and further charges will be levied in respect of costs incurred in collecting debt: production of reports, correspondence, court fees, attendance at court, phone calls, home visits, etc. Any cheque returned by our bank as unpaid, any credit card payment not honoured and any cash tendered that is found to be counterfeit, will result in the original account being restored to the original sum with further charges added in respect of bank charges and administration costs, together with interest on the principal sum.
If, for any reason, you are unable to settle your account as specified, we ask you to discuss the matter as soon as possible with a member of staff. Please note that installments or part payments of any account may only be sanctioned by the express permission of a partner.
As of 14th December 2016 emergency cases arising outside of normal working hours will be seen by Hart Veterinary Centre, Bicester, OX26 2XL. Fees for emergency services will be payable directly to Hart Vets. Patients admitted and hospitalised at Croft Veterinary Centre will continue to be cared for on-site out of hours with regular checks by our staff.
You may obtain Prescription Only Medicines, Category V, (POM Vs) from your veterinary surgeon OR ask for a prescription and obtain these medicines from another veterinary surgeon or pharmacy. Your veterinary surgeon may prescribe POM-Vs only for an animal under his or her care. A prescription may not be appropriate if your animal is an in-patient or immediate treatment is necessary. You will be informed, on request, of the price of any medicine that may be prescribed to your animal. The general policy of this practice is to re-assess an animal requiring repeat prescriptions every 3-6 months, but this may vary with individual circumstances. The standard charge for a re-examination is £28.00. The cost of a prescription is £12.50. Further information on the prices of medicines is available on request.
Croft Veterinary Centre strongly supports the principle of insuring your pet against unexpected illness or accidents. Please ask any member of staff about insurance. Please be aware that it is your responsibility to settle our account and then reclaim the fees from your insurance company. We will do everything in our power to expedite the claim.
We hope that you never feel the recourse to complain about the standards of service received from Croft Veterinary Centre. However if you feel there is something to complain about, please direct your comments in the first instance to any member of staff.
Case records and similar documents are the property of, and shall be retained by, Croft Veterinary Centre. Copies with a summary of the history will be passed on request to another veterinary surgeon taking over the case.
The care given to your animal may involve making some specific investigations, for example taking x-rays or performing ultrasound scans. Even though we make a charge for carrying out these investigations and interpreting their results, ownership of the resulting record, for example an x-ray film, remains with the practice.


text:
Songs of the Season
Sandpit Songs of the Season Week 19: Ratchaburi
Port travel to the Sugardome tomorrow to face Ratchaburi, and after a couple of emotionally exhausting matches at the PAT (thanks to the wonders of the smartwatch I can report that my wife's heart rate was up to 138 during Wednesday's second half), fans will be hoping for a more comfortable win this time – especially with Ratchaburi having exited the League Cup on Wednesday to T3 side Ranong Utd.
Previous visitors to the Mitr Phol stadium will have been impressed with its stunning design, its well-appointed away end and its beautiful sunset views over the hills. But we were less impressed with its catering facilities, with little food available, just a couple of beer vendors (selling that foul secretion from Satan's anal glands, Chang), and a much-anticipated stadium pub which turned out to be closed.
So this week's song pays tribute to said pub, in the hope that we might actually be able to get a pint there this time round. "There's nothing so lonesome or morbid or drear/Than to stand on the roof of a pub with no beer", as the song almost goes.
Tags: ratchaburi fc, the dubliners
https://i2.wp.com/www.portfcsandpit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/TheDubliners.png?fit=620%2C340&ssl=1340620Tim Russellhttp://www.portfcsandpit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/sandpit-logo-nov-2018-Copy.pngTim Russell2018-06-15 10:45:242018-06-15 10:45:24Sandpit Songs of the Season Week 19: Ratchaburi
BG's Saturday Night Fever: Port FC vs. Ratchaburi (FA Cup Final Preview)
Spit in the Sandpit: Opening Day Notes
Run Christian, Run! Port FC vs. Ratchaburi, 24 February 2018
2020 Vision: Ratchaburi Mitr Phol FC
Some Friendlies
Kong & Kang: Port Announce Two Friendlies
Things Bodin' Well for Port: Port FC 4-2 Ratchaburi (Friendly)
Dragons' Lair or Sweet Shop? Ratchaburi FC vs Port FC Preview
Tom's Transfer Talk – Mid-Season Roundup


text:
Home > AJA > Court Review > 61
Court Review: Volume 41, Issue 3-4 - The Resource Page: Focus on Judicial Campaign-Conduct Rules
Published in Court Review: The Journal of the American Judges Association, 41:3-4 (2005), pp. 66-76. Copyright © 2005 National Center for State Courts. Used by permission. Online at http://aja.ncsc.dni.us/htdocs/publications.htm.
Editor's Note: There are about 8,500 state general-jurisdiction trial-court judges in the United States; of those, 77% stand for some sort of contestable election and 87% stand for some form of election. There are about 1,250 state appellate judges in the United States; of those, 53% stand for some sort of contestable election and 87% stand for some form of election. (See Court Review, Summer 2004, at 21.) In addition, there are thousands of additional, limited-jurisdiction judges also subject to election. Thus, the rules governing election-campaign conduct by judges are of great significance.
In 2002, in Republican Party of Minnesota v. White, the United States Supreme Court held a broadly written provision of the Minnesota Code of Judicial Conduct that prevented judicial candidates from "announcing" positions on issues violated the First Amendment. On remand in that same case in August 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit held two more provisions of the Minnesota Code of Judicial Conduct—the partisan-activities and solicitation clauses—unconstitutional.
Whether the United States Supreme Court again takes the case to provide its guidance or not (a request for review is pending), the Eighth Circuit's opinion will have broad impact, at least for the near term. State supreme courts will continue their struggles to rewrite codes of judicial conduct to meet both the state interests perceived to apply and the limits being placed upon those codes by the federal courts. And judicial candidates will continue their efforts both to succeed in contested elections and to comply with the codes of conduct.
Therefore, we reprint here substantial excerpts from the Eighth Circuit's opinion, as well as from the dissenting opinion of three members of that court. We have deleted all of the footnotes and most of the citations. For the few Supreme Court cases cited by the court to which we have retained the reference, they are simply noted by name and year.


The Dissolution was an event during the Reformation of the Church, when King Henry VIII decided to close down all the monasteries in England & Wales in order to take all their money and make himself rich. He 'dissolved' the monasteries in London.
If they didn't make a fuss, they got a pension for life.
If they spoke out against the King, they were hanged, like the Charterhouse monks.
They particularly liked metalwork like chalices, plates, jugs, crosses, candlesticks, reliquaries & feretories. Gold & silver was best.
Shrines, like St. Erkenwald's at St. Paul's Cathedral, were destroyed and relics burnt. They took any gold or jewels offered at them; or any cash the monastery might have.
They sold anything they could, even furniture & bedding. Although much of this was just burnt. Many beautiful carvings were destroyed.
What they really wanted were documents showing what land each monastery owned. This was worth the most money.
This was all sent back to the King.
Some monastery churches were sold (or partly sold) for use as parish churches, like St. Helen's Bishopsgate or St. Bartholomew the Great.
Some monastery buildings were converted to other uses.
They were often used as big houses for the gentry, like the London Charterhouse.
Many in London became shops or businesses.
Parts of the Blackfriars & Whitefriars became theatres.
Some were taken down. The stone & timber was sold for new building work.
Much beautiful stonework was destroyed.
The only monastery to survive intact was Westminster Abbey.
© Nash Ford Publishing 2012. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Personal Narrative: The Leadership Of Mrs. Lori Pierce
Throughout my years growing up, I have had numerous teachers and coaches, all of whom were excellent leaders and mentors in their own ways. However, out of all these people, the most effective leader I have come in contact with is Mrs. Lori Pierce. Most recently, she coached me in speech, but she also was my drama director and 6th grade teacher. Obviously, Mrs. Pierce has the resume of a remarkable leader because she not only fills multiple roles at Verdigre Public School, but also she serves on the Alpine Village Retirement Home Board of Directors and volunteers at the United Methodist Church and various community events. Her vast involvement, though, is not what makes her the most effective, impressive leader; indeed, it is the practicality,…show more content…
Pierce became the director of the department. In my past three years, our productions had consistently landed in the bottom two at competitions – the previous director showed no enthusiasm or commitment, and as a result, neither did the cast. Luckily, the department completely transformed under Mrs. Pierce's leadership. The play was cast within the first two weeks of school, rehearsals started, and actually, we had twice the number of students involved as the year before. From the start, the expectations of involvement were made clear, and consequently, all those participating were committed and enthusiastic. Moreover, for the first time in years, the department received ample support from the administration and community due to Mrs. Pierce's persistence and positive promotion. At our final competition, our production scored in the top half, and the cast received a record number of outstanding actor awards for our school. With versatile communication skills and a contagious sense of humor, Mrs. Pierce is the most effective leader I know personally. I am always impressed how she can navigate uncomfortable, tense social situations with students and co-workers alike with so much ease. By treating other with respect and demanding nothing less in return, she earns admiration and loyalty and compels others to achieve their absolute
Personal Narrative: John Tyler Community College Teacher
Austin being a leader instead of a manager is how she leads and inspires not only her students, but other faculty members as well (Wren, 1995, p. 8-10). There was a time when I attended the Virginia High School League States Debate Competition with my debate coach, another Midlothian High School English teacher (Cheatham, personal communication, April 20, 2014). During one of the round breaks, my coach and I happened to get on the topic of English teacher (Cheatham, personal communication, April 20, 2014). It was then that my coach raved about Mrs. Austin and the personal impact she has had on his own teaching methods and ways to motivate students that are dragged down by SOL tests and public school standards (Cheatham, personal communication, April 20, 2014). In this experience, Mrs. Austin solidified her leadership capabilities of motivating and inspiring anyone around her to work harder and be better at anything one does. Overall, Mrs. Austin knows how to properly handle coping with change. She knows how to be a leader, not a manager (Wren, 1995, p.
How Remarkable Women Lead Chapter Summary
This semester, we learned specific ways to build our leadership capabilities by reading "How Remarkable Women Lead" by Joanna Barsh and Susie Cranston, researching Boston women leaders, interviewing a present day woman leader, and reading a group book. Throughout all of these resources and research, common themes of how to be a successful leader emerged. Not only did I learn more about leadership in general, but I also found ways to improve my own leadership without going too much out of my comfort zone. The important lessons of leading with perseverance, framing, and an activist's mindset thoroughly influenced my identity as a leader and gave me new tactics to grow as a person.
My Catholic School Leadership Experience
Over the years, I have worn many educator hats such as a Director of Resource, classroom teacher, Head Start teacher, special's teacher, and as a teacher's aide. My leadership experiences have not been ones in an administrative role, but I have had leadership experiences both informal and formal in nature. My years as a professional educator with a Virginia Collegiate Professional license has allowed me to teach in public settings as well as Catholic schools, at many different grade levels and for me, all of those experiences have influenced my leadership skills.
Negative Leadership and Youth Sports Essay
There are leaders in every situation and facet of life, leaders are everywhere around us, both in the business world and out in the community. Leaders can be Supervisors, Managers, Pastors, Teachers, or any person in any situation where they are trying to get a group of people to accomplish a specific goal. As stated by Don Clark "Good leaders are made not born" (Clark 2010), leaders are developed by experience, training, education, and by watching and learning from other leaders. Our children are learning how to be leaders everyday. They learn at school from their teachers and after school, they learn from their friends and parents. One of the most impactful leaders of children in every community is a youth sports coach. In 2006 it was
Ella Baker
She worked to advance what she called "group-centered" leadership long before a belief in the importance of internal and participatory democracy within our progressive organizations was widely shared. She was a coalition-builder. Principles were essential, but she was rarely if ever tactically rigid. She understood that the way individuals lived their personal lives could not be divorced from their political activities.
National Honor Society Personal Statement Essay
A leader takes diligent time in considering the ability to adhere to other people's interests and presents their followers with a positive mindset. This summer, I accepted an invitation to participate in the Dale Carnegie Young Adult Leadership Program. Attendees of this program learned several skills that can be applied to future experiences, especially on how to become an effective leader. Everyday, the attendees acted as leaders by accomplishing various tasks that forced them to reach out of their comfort zones. We acted as leaders by leading group
Kane County Ambassadors: A Leadership Analysis
As people get older, leadership and involvement become a huge part of who they are and how they carry themselves. Are they able to take on responsibilities, express opinions and make decisions among their peers? Are they respectable and reliable and therefore able to inspire and support others? Are they outgoing, and positive? All are essential for a leader. Throughout the past 5 years, I have taken on several leadership roles. I have taken on more responsibilities in 4-H and Kane County Ambassadors. I have participated in high school cheerleading, competitive All-Star cheerleading, and Varsity cheerleading here at St. Ambrose. Additionally, I have gotten involved in SAU's Student Government Association as the Freshmen Class President. Participation
I Had The Pleasure Of Speaking With Dr. Inger Mcgee
Inger has met leaders that have had a great impact on her teaching style and the type of teacher she wanted to be. She remembers her first experience in teaching, a time when she was assigned to a seasoned
Leadership In The Odyssey
For example, a pediatric neurosurgeon named Alexa Canady demonstrates the qualities that a leader must embrace. She became the first African American female neurosurgeon, but when she was young, she often faced rejection and discouragement from those around her (Canady 1). In fact, when she was in second grade, Alexa scored extremely high on one of her standardized tests; her teacher thought it was wrong because of her "race and gender" and exchanged her score with another student's (Women 1). Despite these difficulties, Alexa never gave up. After her rough years as a child, Alexa graduated high school with honors, but was unsure which career path she would like to pursue. She studied mathematics along with zoo-ology in college before settling on neurosurgery (RosalindFranklinU). After winning many awards during her career, Alexa earned a spot in the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame (Canady 3). But this alone doesn't define her as a leader. Selflessly, despite her heavy workload, Alexa also found free time "to take a high school student around for the day." Alexa says, "I do it because it's important… if you want to be something, you have to perceive something is possible" (Canady 4). By mentoring these kids, Alexa set a great example to follow your dreams no matter what other people say.
A Teacher Leadership At Lake Oconee Academy
Teacher leaders and administrators play a vital role in the overall organizational structure of a school. As discussed in Educational Leadership, there are ten roles that teacher leaders tend to gravitate towards. The roles of teacher leaders vary according to duties and responsibilities placed on the teacher leader, they include the following: resource provider, instructional specialist, curriculum specialist, classroom supporter, learning facilitator, mentor, school leader, data coach, catalyst for change, and learner (Harrison & Killion, 2007, pg. 74-77). As a teacher leadership at Lake Oconee Academy, I personally see my duties and responsibilities covering several of these roles. Since the beginning of my employment at Lake Oconee
Personal Narrative: My Interview With Ms. Breyonia Sterling
I got the chance to interview a wonderful person, Ms. Breyonia Sterling. Breyonia resides here in Savannah, Ga and she is 18 years old. Her birthday is April 8th, which qualifies her to be an Aries. Breyonia Sterling is a wonderful person because she has an admirable personality, she is very success- driven, and has some unique favorites. I also learned while interviewing her that we have a lot in common.
Servant Leader Interview Essay
My interview of Mark offered great insight into the continued practice of this leadership habit both professionally and personally. Mark is currently in his second year of teaching and has a great deal of insight into being prudent in my future career field. In addition to professional practice, Mark exemplifies a true servant leader in his everyday life. Toward the beginning of the interview, Mark and I quickly began to talk about success, goals, and achievement. In his own classroom, Mark
Doonique's Unique Characteristics
With the abundance of new freshman attending Alfred State, It can be quite overwhelming establishing relationships with new people that have very distinct characteristics. Domonique is a perfect example of someone with those distinct characteristics. She defines herself as a "natural born leader", yet is one really "born" with the perspective, dedication, and motivation to be a leader, or rather anything for that matter? I believe one can, however just like Domonique, it's the assistance from our mothers, fathers, and other loved ones that help push those traits forward. Domonique's mother is the type of person that has been through a lot, but didn't let those issues stop her from getting to where she is now, she doesn't quit. That is one of
Those who learn to be instructional leaders acquire many characteristics that are beneficial to their schools and communities. The writer concurs that Instructional leaders exhibit a clear sense of direction for their schools and prioritize and focus attention on the things that really


Do you love Downtown Squamish? This was the high level question asked to initiate public engagement regarding the future of the Downtown. Our role in the project was to assist with the design and delivery of the public engagement process, and to develop public input summary report. The engagement opportunities included a community event and an online survey to gather input on the Downtown Neighbourhood Plan draft policy objectives, along with opportunities and challenges relevant to the Downtown area.


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Why Fans Are Relieved RHOBH Season 12 Is Over
After quite a bit of controversy surrounding its RHOBH season 12, fans are breathing a sigh of relief that the latest season is finally over.
When Bravo's The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills season 12 was slated to return, fans were excited, but once the season progressed, they couldn't wait for it to be over. RHOBH season 12 welcomed back Crystal Kung Minkoff, Kyle Richards, Erika Jayne, Lisa Rinna, Kathy Hilton, Dorit Kemsley, Sutton Stracke, Garcelle Beauvais, as well as new cast member Diana Jenkins. The staple series in The Real Housewives franchise has been a fan-favorite for years as viewers have loved to watch the luxurious lives of these women play out. The show gained a massive following due to its many iconic moments and is one of the network's top-performing series to date.
However, for the past few seasons, fans have been noticing a rapid decline in quality storylines, and cast, with viewers wanting a RHOBH cast shakeup as the women have started to become increasingly unlikable. Sharky from Twitter even said, "Is it just me or did Rinna and @erikajayne ruin the Housewives series. I used to watch every franchise, every season, every episode as it came out and now I can't watch them. Everything seems so fake and gross knowing @Andy signs off on their bullying and phony lies." Bravo fanatics were ripping RHOBH season 12 and its cast members to shreds as they watched moment after moment where the women viciously berated each other. It has gone down as one of the most hated seasons in the franchise's history, which is why fans are relieved it is over.
Related: Why RHOBH Fans Want Kathy Hilton To Permanently Replace Lisa Rinna
The (Not So) Pretty Mess That Was RHOBH Season 12
RHOBH season 12 was a messy season for the women, with countless moments of petty arguments, constant drama, and bland storylines. While they were entertaining to watch, it soon became a contest of who could be the nastiest when it came to going after one another. Garcelle's main storyline was focusing on Erika, whether it was her drinking or her legal issues. Diana didn't seem like she wanted to be on RHOBH, and Lisa kept driving a wedge between Kyle and Kathy after their Aspen trip. Once it was time for the RHOBH season 12 reunion, fans were over the antics and behavior of the women, considering it lasted for the entire season, and knew this reunion would be one for the books.
A Reunion To Remember For RHOBH Season 12
As the reunion played out, things that happened while the season was airing came to light, such as the vicious social media attacks on Garcelle's 14-year-old son after Erika told him to "get the f*** out" at Garcelle's birthday party. Fans were outraged at Andy Cohen's dismissal of Garcelle's feelings and how he handled the entire RHOBH reunion as it became very cliquey. It was also apparent that Garcelle was upset at the behavior coming from Lisa and Erika, with one specific moment being Lisa admitting to throwing Garcelle's book in the trash when Erika took the fall for it. Throughout the reunion, the women were criticizing each other to the point of tears, with Lisa antagonizing Kathy and Kyle over the Aspen situation numerous times after Kyle begged her to stop.
The overall vibe of RHOBH season 12 was very dark, as there was not much camaraderie between the women. Fans have noticed that the RHOBH ladies have become oversaturated as the charm and humor that everyone fell in love with has seemed to disappear over time. Unfortunately, the season had to end this way, but it may have been for the best as it made viewers realize that The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills is not what it used to be.
More: Why RHOBH Fans Aren't Buying Lisa Rinna's Apology To Yolanda Hadid
Source: Sharky/ Twitter
Categories Real Housewives of Beverly Hills
Every Yellowstone Easter Egg & Story Reveal In The 1923 Trailer
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This is a reading for the general energy of August 2017. This month will help us realize how we are our own natural born leaders! We will be able to deal with all challenges, although we may get burned out emotionally. Use your power of focus to become a master of your own energy, and hold your vision for yourself to guide you and give you the steps you need. The first half of the month may be intense, but the last half shows some release. Things that burdened us will no longer be an issue, and we will focus on leading our lives with intention.
Crystals: Red Calcite: helps with energizing ourselves, strengthening will power and releasing burdens.


Latest News (15/08/2018): Finnaly Gujarat Government Released Lokrakshak Police Constable, Jail Sipahi Bharti Notification On Ojas.gujarat.gov.in Official Website. Online Application Form Will Be Available On 15th August 2018.
Latest Update: Dear Candidate Please Start The Exam Preparation Because More Than 300000 Form Have Been Filled Up.


After three years, Everton finally recorded a Premier League victory over Chelsea. The visitors continued their inconsistent form and incurred another dent in their Champions League hopes. After the visitor's dominance in the first half, Everton forced themselves back into the game, kept compact, well organised and created much better chances to take the victory at Goodison Park.
Both managers started their teams in their usual formations, which you could argue have not fully worked for either of them this season. Marco Silva started Everton in their 4-2-3-1 formation, making just two changes from last week's 3-2 defeat to Newcastle United. Séamus Coleman returned to right back, replacing Jonjoe Kenny, whilst Yerry Mina started at center-back over the suspended Kurt Zouma.
Maurizio Sarri once again started Chelsea in a 4-3-3 formation, making seven changes from Thursday night's 5-0 win over Dynamo Kyiv in the Europa League. Cesar Azpilicueta and David Luiz where in for Davide Zappacosta and Andreas Christensen at the back. Jorginho and former Everton midfielder Ross Barkley returned to the starting lineup, replacing Ruben Loftus-Cheek and Mateo Kovačić. Sarri completely changed his front three as Willian, Olivier Giroud and Callum Hudson-Odoi were replaced by Eden Hazard, Gonzalo Higuaín and Pedro.
Match prediction, standings and implication going into the weekend.
Sarri's team started with total dominance and looked more than comfortable in possession. As usual, Everton transitioned into a low-block A low block refers to a team that retreats . . .


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Nailing it!
With party season so near, it's time to ensure that you've not only got the right tools – thanks to us – but also that you're clued up on the latest looks. A great way to keep ahead of trends is to check out blogs and vlogs (YouTube videos are a great source of inspiration!) so we've picked three of the best when it comes to nails.
Chalkboardnails.com
This is a blog that's made it to the big time; ChalkboardNails has been seen on the likes of the US Today Show and in many glossy magazines, but Sarah (the woman behind the site) has a down to earth approach. She says she's 'just a gal who loves doing her nails!' and while she's not necessarily a pro working backstage at shows or on shoots, she is someone who is constantly experimenting with shades, brands and techniques.
Missladyfinger.com
Also known as Taryn Multack, Miss Lady Finger is a nail art blog by a fashion designer, which means she's entirely switched on when it comes to the seasonal trends. Taryn is a self-taught nail artist who loves to create work directly inspired by fashion, so on her site you'll see a catwalk collection image and Taryn's nail version of it and how she did it!
Fleuryrosenails.com
A painter and illustrator, Fleury Rose launched her nail blog due to huge demand from her nail clients. A pro working in New York, her work has been seen online at Vogue Italia, Teen Vogue and Paper magazine and in 2014, she was named in the top 100 of creative people in business by Fast Company magazine! Head to the editorial section of her site and you'll see how she's made such a name for herself.
If you fancy brushing up your own nail art skills, why not check out our training section?
All images found on individual blogs.
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Christmas Gift Boxes
Discover the Capital Hair & Beauty and Grooming boxes, only stocked for a limited time! (Available in selected stores - While stocks last)
OIL: The New Essentials
As we approach Winter it is important to look after your hair, skin and nails. Check out just some of the options on offer at your nearest Capital store and online.
So You've Decided To Go Freelance - What's Next?
Choosing to go freelance could be seen as a scary move, yet it could also be one of the most freeing decisions you'll ever make. Here, the director of the freelance hairdressers' association (FHA) Sheila Abrahams, discusses what life might look like as a freelancer.
Planning Ahead - Increase Christmas Revenue
Autumn is here which means now is the perfect time to scrub up on your skills and services ahead of the Christmas rush. Here's our pick of the top four courses we're offering right now, just in time to increase your Christmas revenue and help you make the most of one of the busiest seasons of the year.
The Top 10 Nail Instagrams to Follow Right Now
Are you in need of some nail inspo?! We have the top 10 nail instagrams that we think you NEED to follow... get ready to be inspired!


Yes, we do! We do not provide mobile service on Saturdays, however we are available in the shop at 2439 E McDowell Road by appointment from 9am to 3pm. We are closed on Sundays. All calls left outside of normal business hours will be returned first thing in the morning.
/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png 0 0 admin /wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png admin2015-03-16 04:01:202015-03-16 04:01:20Are You Open On Weekends?
What If I Have The Part Or Want To Buy The Part And Have You Install It?
We are happy to do that for you, however we will not be able to warranty that part for you in the event that it fails during your part warranty period. Our warranty will only cover the workmanship installation of the part into your vehicle and will not cover the removal and re-installation of a part under warranty.
YOU MUST VERIFY YOU HAVE THE RIGHT PART! If we come out to your location to install a part that you have purchased and you've purchased the wrong part, there is a minimum service charge of $99. Take care in making sure that you have ordered and purchased the correct part for your vehicle model.
You other option is to allow us to attempt to repair your part. If it's necessary to purchase a part to complete your repair, we will warranty the part and the labor for a full 12 months, but it's important to remember that when it comes to window regulators, we recommend rebuilding the OEM window regulator over a new replacement window regulator.
This business was founded because whether it's an OEM or aftermarket window regulator replacement part, it was designed to break. There are weak points in the mechanism that are actually designed and engineered to carry the heaviest load of the glass and the most pressure. This is why this part is considered as 'wear and tear'.
Many times, we can repair the OEM for less than you can buy the part and have it installed. It's important for you to have all the information about your options BEFORE making a decision on your repair. You don't want to be doing this again 18 months down the road. Do you?
/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png 0 0 admin /wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png admin2015-03-14 05:39:102015-03-14 05:39:10What If I Have The Part Or Want To Buy The Part And Have You Install It?
Why Is My Older Vehicle More Expensive?
As a vehicle gets older, it actually becomes more difficult to work on. The plastic has begun to deteriorate, parts have become brittle and it will take our technicians longer to to get in and out of. Additionally, many older vehicles contain what we call scissor-action regulators that are riveted to the panel. That alone means that additional time and care must be taken for safety reasons.
There are vehicles that are just too old for our team to work on. When that happens, we will try to give you some ideas for alternatives. Parts for some of these older vehicles are difficult to find and often the basic window trim is at fault, which is almost impossible to find on most older vehicles. Our primary business model is made of repairs on vehicles 1997 and newer.
/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png 0 0 admin /wp-content/uploads/2017/04/logo-left.png admin2015-03-14 05:34:492015-03-14 05:34:49Why Is My Older Vehicle More Expensive?


Take a fascinating journey to the Uranus planet, named after the ancient Greek deity of the sky. Watch amazing space scenes enjoying the relaxing music track. Launch this highly realistic screen saver and be amazed by one of the biggest planets in our Solar System.


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Speed 2: Cruise Control (1997)
6 revealing mistakes
Directed by: Jan de Bont
Starring: Jason Patric, Sandra Bullock, Temuera Morrison, Willem Dafoe
Genres: Action, Romance, Thriller
All mistakes 2 audio problems20 continuity mistakes9 factual errors5 other mistakes2 plot holes6 revealing mistakes1 visible crew/equipment mistake Order by popularity Order chronologically Suggested corrections Titles starting with S
Revealing mistake: When Seaborn Legend hits the Eindhoven Lion, some of the sparks come from places that are not making contact. (01:30:00)
Ssiscool
Revealing mistake: When we see Annie looking back at Seaborn Legend just after it hit the Heindhoven Lion, the Seaborn Legend looks like it is superimposed onto the water. (01:30:30)
Revealing mistake: When Alex and Dante are heading for the bow thrusters, there is one shot of the Seabourne Legend cutting through the water. In one shot you can see the wake from the filming boat before where the Seabourne Legend has been. (01:27:00)
Revealing mistake: In the scene where the motorboat hits the ramp and lands in a store, you can see while it's in the air that the propeller isn't turning.
Revealing mistake: The boxes that fall out of the truck are the same three boxes over and over again.
Revealing mistake: In the very beginning of the film, when Alex rides his motorcycle to catch the bad guy, when he flies through the air you can his stunt double who has blonde curly hair. And when the camera goes to a close-up to Alex, you can see his hair is black.
More for Speed 2: Cruise Control
Plot hole: Dafoe and Bullock leave the ship a long time before it hits the tanker and there is a lot more time before it crashes into the town and even more before Alex gets on that speedboat. No matter how fast he could have gone, there is no way he would have caught up with them.
Alex Papadakis
More mistakes in Speed 2: Cruise Control
Alex Shaw: I gotta get my girl.
More quotes from Speed 2: Cruise Control
Question: After the ship was turned from hitting the oil tanker and then they returned to the bridge, they saw the ship was going to hit land. Why didn't they just go down again and turn the ship out to sea?
Answer: The ship has no way to stop or steer. By hitting land it would bring the ship to a stop (at a considerable cost) where as if they go out to sea, they would just continue to keep going until out of fuel or hit something they can't avoid and risk everyone drowning. A risk that is not present if they hit land.
More questions & answers from Speed 2: Cruise Control
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Dafoe and Bullock leave the ship a long time before it hits the tanker and there is a lot more time before it crashes into the town and even more before Alex gets on that speedboat. No matter how fast he could have gone, there is no way he would have caught up with them.


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King Studios Celebrates Life, Legacy of Betty Clooney at Main Library
Thursday, September 14, 2017, 11:30am
Beginning her professional singing career at age 14 on WLW Radio, Betty Clooney was soon touring America and recording with her sister, Rosemary, as a duo for bandleader Tony Pastor. Tired of the road after a few years, she returned to Cincinnati to become a pioneer in early television. While still a teenager, she hosted her own shows Teen Canteen and Boy Meets Girl on WLWT while also performing as the vocalist for Ruth Lyons 50-50 Club.
She began recording as a solo artist in 1950 for King Records as part of that company's attempt to break into the pop music market. Later, she signed with RCA and Coral Records while working on several national network TV programs including The Morning Show with Jack Paar for CBS. Betty gave up her career to concentrate on raising her four children. Tragically, she died at age 45.
Join Betty's brother, Nick Clooney, and her son, Dr. Carlos Campo, as they discuss the life and career of this talented and spirited performer and sister of singer Rosemary Clooney.
This event is offered as part of the King Records 74th Anniversary Celebration.
Who: King Studios and The Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County
What: Betty Clooney: Ohio's 'Adopted' Girl Singer
Where: The Main Library Atrium, 800 Vine St., Downtown Cincinnati
When: 2 p.m., Sunday, Sept. 24, 2017


For this week's mochat, we talked reels! Particularly when starting out or going freelance, reels are likely the single most effective way to show clients what you can do. While it's common to let them slip out of date when you're full-time or otherwise occupied, it never hurts to keep your reel updated or give it a refresh between projects.
It's okay to retime clips to fit the music. Energy is key.
Keep the length concise, not too short, not too long. It's best to stick somewhere in the range of a minute to a minute and a half.
One thing to consider is whether you feel comfortable using unlicensed music vs. licensing or producing your own. There are a lot of quality resources for licensed music out there (one common recommendation is Killer Tracks). It's also a good opportunity to lay down your own track if you're so inclined.
Consider tailoring multiple reels to different types of clients. It can be effective to have a general reel for your web presence and tailored reels to submit to clients for different types of work.
ugh. my reel is so old.