tiro noun (n.) Same as Tyro.
prime noun (n.) The first part; the earliest stage; the beginning or opening, as of the day, the year, etc.; hence, the dawn; the spring.
noun (n.) The spring of life; youth; hence, full health, strength, or beauty; perfection.
noun (n.) That which is first in quantity; the most excellent portion; the best part.
adjective (a.) First in order of time; original; primeval; primitive; primary.
adjective (a.) First in rank, degree, dignity, authority, or importance; as, prime minister.
adjective (a.) First in excellence; of highest quality; as, prime wheat; a prime quality of cloth.
adjective (a.) Early; blooming; being in the first stage.
adjective (a.) Lecherous; lustful; lewd.
adjective (a.) Marked or distinguished by a mark (') called a prime mark.
adjective (a.) The morning; specifically (R. C. Ch.), the first canonical hour, succeeding to lauds.
adjective (a.) The first of the chief guards.
adjective (a.) Any number expressing the combining weight or equivalent of any particular element; -- so called because these numbers were respectively reduced to their lowest relative terms on the fixed standard of hydrogen as 1.
adjective (a.) A prime number. See under Prime, a.
adjective (a.) An inch, as composed of twelve seconds in the duodecimal system; -- denoted by [']. See 2d Inch, n., 1.
adjective (a.) To apply priming to, as a musket or a cannon; to apply a primer to, as a metallic cartridge.
adjective (a.) To lay the first color, coating, or preparation upon (a surface), as in painting; as, to prime a canvas, a wall.
adjective (a.) To prepare; to make ready; to instruct beforehand; to post; to coach; as, to prime a witness; the boys are primed for mischief.
adjective (a.) To trim or prune, as trees.
adjective (a.) To mark with a prime mark.
adjective (a.) Divisible by no number except itself or unity; as, 7 is a prime number.
adjective (a.) Having no common factor; -- used with to; as, 12 is prime to 25.
verb (v. i.) To be renewed, or as at first.
verb (v. i.) To serve as priming for the charge of a gun.
verb (v. i.) To work so that foaming occurs from too violent ebullition, which causes water to become mixed with, and be carried along with, the steam that is formed; -- said of a steam boiler.
primeness noun (n.) The quality or state of being first.
noun (n.) The quality or state of being prime, or excellent.
noun (n.) an instrument or device for priming; esp., a cap, tube, or water containing percussion powder or other compound for igniting a charge of gunpowder.
noun (n.) Originally, a small prayer book for church service, containing the little office of the Virgin Mary; also, a work of elementary religious instruction.
noun (n.) A small elementary book for teaching children to read; a reading or spelling book for a beginner.
noun (n.) A kind of type, of which there are two species; one, called long primer, intermediate in size between bourgeois and small pica [see Long primer]; the other, called great primer, larger than pica.
adjective (a.) First; original; primary.
primero noun (n.) A game at cards, now unknown.
primerole noun (n.) See Primrose.
primeval adjective (a.) Belonging to the first ages; pristine; original; primitive; primary; as, the primeval innocence of man.
prim noun (n.) The privet.
adjective (a.) Formal; precise; affectedly neat or nice; as, prim regularity; a prim person.
verb (v. t.) To deck with great nicety; to arrange with affected preciseness; to prink.
verb (v. i.) To dress or act smartly.
primacy adjective (a.) The state or condition of being prime or first, as in time, place, rank, etc., hence, excellency; supremacy.
adjective (a.) The office, rank, or character of a primate; the chief ecclesiastical station or dignity in a national church; the office or dignity of an archbishop; as, the primacy of England.
primage noun (n.) A charge in addition to the freight; originally, a gratuity to the captain for his particular care of the goods (sometimes called hat money), but now belonging to the owners or freighters of the vessel, unless by special agreement the whole or part is assigned to the captain.
primal adjective (a.) First; primary; original; chief.
primality noun (n.) The quality or state of being primal.
primariness noun (n.) The quality or state of being primary, or first in time, in act, or in intention.
primary noun (n.) That which stands first in order, rank, or importance; a chief matter.
noun (n.) A primary meeting; a caucus.
noun (n.) One of the large feathers on the distal joint of a bird's wing. See Plumage, and Illust. of Bird.
noun (n.) A primary planet; the brighter component of a double star. See under Planet.
adjective (a.) First in order of time or development or in intention; primitive; fundamental; original.
adjective (a.) First in order, as being preparatory to something higher; as, primary assemblies; primary schools.
adjective (a.) First in dignity or importance; chief; principal; as, primary planets; a matter of primary importance.
adjective (a.) Earliest formed; fundamental.
adjective (a.) Illustrating, possessing, or characterized by, some quality or property in the first degree; having undergone the first stage of substitution or replacement.
primateship noun (n.) The office, dignity, or position of a primate; primacy.
primatical adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to a primate.
noun (n.) The powder or other combustible used to communicate fire to a charge of gunpowder, as in a firearm.
noun (n.) The first coating of color, size, or the like, laid on canvas, or on a building, or other surface.
noun (n.) The carrying over of water, with the steam, from the boiler, as into the cylinder.
primigenial adjective (a.) First born, or first of all; original; primary. See Primogenial.
primipilar adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to the captain of the vanguard of a Roman army.
primitial adjective (a.) Being of the first production; primitive; original.
primitive noun (n.) An original or primary word; a word not derived from another; -- opposed to derivative.
adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to the beginning or origin, or to early times; original; primordial; primeval; first; as, primitive innocence; the primitive church.
adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to a former time; old-fashioned; characterized by simplicity; as, a primitive style of dress.
adjective (a.) Original; primary; radical; not derived; as, primitive verb in grammar.
primitiveness noun (n.) The quality or state of being primitive; conformity to primitive style or practice.
primity noun (n.) Quality of being first; primitiveness.
primness noun (n.) The quality or state of being prim; affected formality or niceness; preciseness; stiffness.
primo adjective (a.) First; chief.
primogenial adjective (a.) First born, made, or generated; original; primary; elemental; as, primogenial light.
adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to primogeniture.
primogenitor noun (n.) The first ancestor; a forefather.
primogeniture adjective (a.) The state of being the firstborn of the same parents; seniority by birth among children of the same family.
adjective (a.) The exclusive right of inheritance which belongs to the eldest son. Thus in England the right of inheriting the estate of the father belongs to the eldest son, and in the royal family the eldest son of the sovereign is entitled to the throne by primogeniture. In exceptional cases, among the female children, the crown descends by right of primogeniture to the eldest daughter only and her issue.
primogenitureship noun (n.) The state or privileges of the firstborn.
primordial noun (n.) A first principle or element.
adjective (a.) First in order; primary; original; of earliest origin; as, primordial condition.
adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to the lowest beds of the Silurian age, corresponding to the Acadian and Potsdam periods in American geology. It is called also Cambrian, and by many geologists is separated from the Silurian.
adjective (a.) Originally or earliest formed in the growth of an individual or organ; as, a primordial leaf; a primordial cell.
primordialism noun (n.) Devotion to, or persistence in, conditions of the primordial state.
primordian noun (n.) A name given to several kinds of plums; as, red primordian, amber primordian, etc.
primp adjective (a.) To be formal or affected in dress or manners; -- often with up.
primrose adjective (a.) An early flowering plant of the genus Primula (P. vulgaris) closely allied to the cowslip. There are several varieties, as the white-, the red-, the yellow-flowered, etc. Formerly called also primerole, primerolles.
adjective (a.) Any plant of the genus Primula.
adjective (a.) Of or pertaining to the primrose; of the color of a primrose; -- hence, flowery; gay.
primula noun (n.) The genus of plants including the primrose (Primula vera).
primy adjective (a.) Being in its prime.


We're all very busy in school with our learning and contemplating the arrival of Christmas and all the fun and busyness that the festive season brings.
As we have seen in recent days, this time of year brings cold, wet and dark days and early dark nights. Please ensure your child comes to school with coat, hat and gloves and, if walking home, ensure they are visible to car drivers. We want everyone to stay warm, dry and safe!
Our curriculum theme this term is Time Travellers and we are all exploring the past. Do talk to our Y1 and 2 children about the Victorian school or our Y3/4 children about the Romans in Britain or our Y5/6 children about the changes to the village across periods of history.
We are encouraging our children to ask questions to get to grips with what is being learned through not only learning key skills and facts but being able to apply them, problem solve, reason and explain their learning and understanding.
Mrs Charlesworth has established this year's School Council and they are working hard to gather the views of pupils across school.
Thank you to the parents who have joined us for the Phonics Base 1 presentation, Reading and Maths whole school workshops this term. All have been well received and seen as insightful in how we teach the subjects in school and how parents can support at home.
I have to thank all the staff at Wrenbury for their dedication to the school and the teaching and learning that takes place at Wrenbury. They all have high aspirations for all our children and this is now being born out in the way the children are responding to being inspired, wanting to achieve and the outcomes for pupils at the end of the last academic year. We are very proud of the progress and improvements we have made so far as a team.
Our statutory results for end of EYFS, end of KS1 (Year 2) and end of KS2 (Year 6) show great improvement.
In June of Year 1, the children take the Phonics Screening Test, which checks each child's ability to read aloud words (real and 'alien') applying their phonics knowledge.
To achieve a High Score (Reading and Maths), a pupil had to achieve a Scaled Score of 110+; to achieve greater depth in writing, a pupil had to have met all the statements in the 'working at expected' and 'working at greater depth' frameworks.
Combined Reading, Writing and Maths for Wrenbury at the expected standard was 70% with 10% achieving a combined high score for R,W and M.
Attendance is currently at 96.7% for the whole school. We aspire to having 97% + whole school attendance.
We have a number of families who have taken children out of school during term time (holidays, weddings etc) or who have not made a commitment to their child having the best possible attendance. This adversely affects our whole school attendance. It is disheartening that the school's overall judgement from Ofsted for Personal Development, Behaviour and Welfare can be jeopardised by a few families, when so many of our families are committed to their children attending as much as possible.
All absence (other than for illness) taken in school time will be unauthorised and may result in a fine from the Local Authority. Monitoring letters will continue to be sent to parents whose children's attendance falls below 90%. This is deemed as 'Persistent absence'. Poor attendance is linked to a lack of progress and achievement. Children who miss school a lot can quickly falling behind their peers, lose confidence and make less progress. We don't want this for any of our Wrenbury children.
We track 'late arrivals' so do endeavour to have your child in school in time to join their class by 8:55am and not have to come through the school's reception door. If you are regularly late, please consider leaving home earlier to ensure that your arrival time at school is no later than 8.55am. Arriving late means that the morning and lunch registers have to re-opened and ultimately stops the learning that has started in the class. This is unfair to the children already in school and can cause unnecessary worry for the child arriving late into class as they are not quite sure of what the learning is about and what may be expected of them.
Thank you for handing in letters and monies (in named, labelled and seal envelopes), as requested, to your child's class teacher. It means that Debbie is not burdened unnecessarily at the start of the day in the office.
We have had many visitors this term, all of whom have been highly complementary about school. They have reported back to us that the school is very welcoming; presents a lovely learning environment; has a happy, positive 'feel' and very polite and hardworking children. See website newsfeeds for more information.
A very big thank you to all who have offered their time, expertise and interests so far this year — your support is always very much appreciated; we've had a Professor of Archaeology; a representative of the RNLI; our community Police support; representatives of the Wrenbury and District Royal British Legion; Wider Opportunities offering brass tuition to all our Y3/4 pupils; specialist PE and gymnastics coaching; Rev Alison Fulford leading an assembly and Antoinette Sandbach, the Eddisbury MP, meeting the children as we focussed on UK Parliament Week as part of our understanding of British Values.
A special note of thanks has to go to Mary and Geraint Jones for their sustained commitment to supporting the children with their learning journeys as they move through school and for bringing in their teaching expertise, especially Geraint with his teaching of art skills.
Cath Mansfield supports school in many ways: hosting the Coffee Stop, teaching children needlework and offering an after school sewing skills club.
We also must thank Bernie Lunt who has volunteered time to school for a number of years and who brings an adorable Ruby (the dog) into school weekly (and now twice weekly), offering children the chance to read to and groom Ruby, helping children to build their confidence and reading skills.
We also thank our parent readers and those who offer support with school visits — your time is very much appreciated.
It was lovely welcoming new faces to our Open morning and afternoon as well as welcoming so many parents into school for our Parent Lunches. We received lovely comments.
Base 1 and 2 were given an insight into the history of the RNLI recently as part of their history learning. They also thoroughly enjoyed their visit to Blists Hill and, amongst other learning, dressing up as Victorian children for a Victorian child' school experience.
Base 2 will be joining Y2 from Sound school at Broomhall and Sound Chapel to find out about special characters in the Nativity story as part of their RE learning.
Base 3 had a wonderful Roman Day in Chester as part of their Learning Journey work this term and given an insight into being an archaeologist with Nathan's grandad (a professor of archaelogy) with real Roman artefacts to investigate.
Base 4 have explored the village for their history focus and will revisit to gain an understanding of the local canal and its engineering features including the cantilever bridge. They will be welcoming a canal artist into school before the end of the term to practice this specialist artwork.
Feedback, so far, from the Parent Survey returns has been very positive and with all surveys, we do appreciate knowing where we can make things even better.
One or two returns have commented about not knowing about events. We sent out a paper copy calendar covering all the main events of the school year to ALL families at the very start of the school year and would ask that you refer to this in the first instance. There will be occasions when there are changes or additions to the calendar as the need arises; for some of these we, as a school, receive information about at short notice and consequently that short notice is passed on. Please do send in your return if you haven't already done so. Your voice does count.
You can also have your say about school using 'Parent View' https://parentview.ofsted.gov.uk.
We work continuously to safeguard your child.
We, as a staff, have revisited our safeguarding and child protection policies and procedures including PREVENT. All staff have appropriate training. Online safety continues to be taught across school to provide your child with the information on how to safe on-line or using mobile phones.
Road safety — a polite reminder that there should be no parking (even for dropping off) in the yellow marked area outside school OR in unmarked areas opposite the road junction outside School House. (Cars should not park on the road within 10metres of a junction — Highway Code). Such parking causes danger for pedestrians and especially our children trying to cross the road safely at busy times of the school day. Please support us in keeping our children and families safe on the roads around school. Thank you!
Community Safety — PCSO Sharon Jones joined us at this month's Coffee Stop and spoke to a number of children and, along with her colleague PC Nicky Berry, talked to the children about keeping safe over the Bonfire Weekend.
Thank you for keeping us up to date with changes to home-time arrangements and contact detail changes.
Our 'well-being lunch clubs' are working well in supporting the children in helping them to express their feelings and emotions. We focussed on Anti-Bullying Week and the children were very articulate about what bullying was and equally articulate that they didn't experience bullying at Wrenbury. We as a staff are always vigilant as we do not tolerate any form of bullying ion school. Next term our theme will be: There are no outsiders in our school and very much supports the theme of anti-bullying week 'All different — All equal'.
School is a place of learning but we also know that to learn well a child has to have a sense of well-being. If your child is experiencing any difficulties that could be affecting their emotional well-being please can you share them with school (in confidence) so that staff can put the necessary support in place during periods of difficulty.
Thank you to staff, sports specialists and parent / friends of school volunteers for hosting a range of clubs this term including: gardening, archaeology, sewing, tennis, gymnastics, craft, singing, construction, maths and homework clubs. We are looking at the clubs we offer for the Spring term to ensure there is something for everyone.
New Sports kit will be ready for January competitions — £618 — raised by Terry Whalley (school governor).
We have raised £138.02 for Children in Need by dressing up as Superheroes and selling cakes.
We look forward to welcoming you for your child's progress meeting this Wednesday or Thursday. If you haven't already asked for an appointment, please ask your child's class teacher or phone school. Teachers have been asked to make appointments for every child.
Preparations are well underway. If you haven't already returned your 'I can help' response sheet, please do as 'jobs' are being allocated.
All donations are gratefully received. See Christmas Pack sent to each family for more information.
Please sign up with The Giving Machine — all donations while you shop online will go towards our charity 'FOWS' and benefit the children — email sent from school office for more information.
KS1 Nativity: Monday 11th — Wednesday 13th December — information to follow regarding seats.
Christmas Lunch for children and staff followed by Christmas Parties will be on Wednesday 20th December.
Please note this year's Christmas Holiday period.
We break up at the end of the school day on Wednesday 20th December and return to school on Monday 8th January 2018.
A paper copy of the newsletter will be sent to all families.


Joy De Vivre Design: Whatever happened to good television shows?
I am so bored with television at this point! When I was younger there were shows that I couldn't wait to watch every week. Three's Company, The Cosby Show and others that would get the whole family together after dinner, those do not exist in this day and age!
Now all of the shows are either reality television programs or just the same old ideas being rehashed over and over! Tila Tequila is not exactly appropriate for a child to watch as a reward for getting their homework done early! Not that I have a child, but actually many of those shows, like Tila Tequila are not even appropriate for my furry child Barkley to watch! Is there not one writer in all of Hollywood that can come up with something more original than the new 90210? Didn't they learn 15 years ago that that Brenda chick was really horrible in real life?
1. Why in the world doesn't someone give that little Debbie Matenopoulos a sandwich? She looked perfectly fine when she was regular size on The View.
2. Why has no one told Denise Richards that you get more wrinkles when you frown?
3. How does Hugh Hefner who is married and has three girlfriends on the side still come off as a guy who respects women?
4. Why do we need to see yet another True Hollywood story about why Britney Spears is troubled? Isn't she still trying to figure that out? So how at this point can some unnamed source that has probably never even met the girl tell what her deepest issues are?
5. Why is Pamela Anderson getting her own show? Is there anything about her life that has not been plastered all over the tabloids already? Since the commercials show Tommy Lee in them it will surely have a level of humor, but I just don't know what else Pam could possibly have to show us!
Well that is my boredom speaking for the night! And just for the record if there is ever a remake of Wonder Woman I so want to move to Hollywood, become an actress and try out for that part! I am so down with being a powerful girl with cool accessories!
OMG, I totally agree! TV is soooo boring lately!
I'm with you all the way. Reality shows are the same old, same old and most seem phony and rigged. I watch movies most of the time.
So true! I still love my Friends re-run shows!


text:
Q: The same web part (.wsp) for MOSS 2007 and SP 2010? Is it possible to have the same web part (.wsp) for both (MOSS 2007 & SP 2010)?
Assume that I want to develop a simple web part, and I want to deploy it on MOSS 2007 and also on SP 2010? So, is this possible? Or are there any issues?
I would greatly appreciate if you explain to me.

A: The main thing to watch out for is the CPU type in your build. If you build for 32 bit CPUs for your MOSS2007 environment, you will need to rebuild for 64 bit processors for your SharePoint 2010 environment.

A: Thanks James for your input, but could you please elaborate your point of view more ?
Also, I want to clarify my question by giving an example, which is as follows:
Here is a web part for MOSS 2007, assume that I have reused the same source code, then I packaged the solution using SharePoint Solution Installer. Now I have a deployable package of a web part for MOSS 2007.
I want the same web part for SP 2010? How?
At the moment, I am creating another solution, and using different packager tool.
So, my question is how to have one web part that could work on both MOSS 2007 and SP 2010 ?
BTW, there is another crucial issue which is related to supporting Multilanguage. Assume that I want my web part to support English, German and French. So, basically I will use resource files (.resx), that means: for the MOSS 2007 WP I will deploy these resource files in  ..\12\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS.., BUT for SP 2010, there's 14 Folder.
Therefore, how to tackle these issues, and create one single web part that works on both MOSS 2007 and SP 2010?

A: No problem. You may need to update your installation script though. For details see the series on Porting a SharePoint 2007 WSPBuilder solution to SharePoint 2010.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Writer's Guide
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Curbside Classic
American Brands: GM
American Brands: Ford
American Brands: Chrysler
American Brands: AMC, Jeep and All Others
Automotive Histories and Misc.
Asian Brands
European Brands
Cars Of A Lifetime & Auto-Biography
Trucks, Pickups and Vans
Trains, Planes & Ships
Motorcycles, Trikes, Bicycles
Engines, Transmissions and other Tech
Tractors, Lawn Mowers, Off-Road Equipment
RVs, Motorhomes, Trailers, Campers
Recent CC's & Histories
Automotive Histories
Vintage Reviews
GM Brands 1950s
Ford Brands 1950s
Chrysler Brands 1950s
Other American Brands 1950s
European Brands 1950s
Asian Brands 1960s
CC Cohort
Curbside Classic: c. 1981 Mercedes-Benz 380SL – The Art Of Aging Gracefully
Joseph Dennis
I have been watching quite a few reruns of game shows from the 1970s and '80s this year. I have always enjoyed watching vintage television programs in some measure, but since I began working exclusively from home since the middle of this past March, I have tuned into the BUZZR game show cable channel even on my lunch breaks during the week to catch episodes of "Classic Concentration", hosted by Alex Trebek. A major key to a contestant's success on this show was the ability of short-term memory, in addition to a keen sense of phonetics.
Working in the insurance and financial field, I have utilized memorization quite often as a time saver and efficiency measure, and so I like to play along. Another favorite I like to watch is the Alan Ludden-hosted "Password Plus" which aired starting in the late-'70s. Words, grammar, and synonyms have long fascinated me, so CC readers of late may not be quite as able anymore to make as fun a drinking game of my prolific use of the word "actually". I'm a work in progress.
Getting back to memorization, it has happened on a couple of occasions where I've recognized contestants from different, earlier game shows. It made me wonder it some have made this a side job of sorts. It was fun to recognize one contestant, a gentleman by the first name of Troy, appear on an episode of "Classic Concentration" about four years after he had won a small fortune on "Press Your Luck". One lady named Chou Chou cleaned up on "Sale Of The Century" about eight years after she had appeared on "Password Plus". It was interesting to see how the appearance of each of these two contestants had changed in the intervening years. Both Troy and Chou Chou appeared to have aged well by their later appearances, even as their hairstyles and manner of dress had been updated accordingly.
This started me thinking about ways in which I have changed since ten or even five years ago. Some users of social media participate in a voluntary "Throwback Thursday" game, where one posts a picture of himself or herself from a certain point in the past. I think it's great fun, and during quarantine, posting my own flashback pictures has been a fun way to reflect on all the living I have done before the current set of pandemic-related challenges put the (hopefully temporary) kibosh on the Adventures Of Joe Dennis.
Our featured 380SL has not aged well, even if its basic styling still holds up. There was a certain decrepit, "Grey Gardens"-ian quality to this example's rust, dents, missing bumper guards, and the like. This isn't even the first R107 generation of SL in far-less-than-perfect condition that I've spotted in my neighborhood, having written about a 450SL a couple of years back. As with that other example, I wonder what paths this one has trod over the past forty years, as any SL was a high-buck vehicle long before a degree of disposability entered into the picture for modern luxury cars. Lasting quality seems to have taken a back seat to technological sophistication.
The U.S. market 380SL iteration of the R107 model introduced for '71 appeared for model years 1981 through '85, featuring a 3.8L V8 engine with 155 horsepower. This mill was a smaller version of the 231-horsepower 5.0L V8 available in the rest of the world starting in 1980. Apparently, and even by the tail end of the so-called malaise era, performance of the 380SL was so uninspiring to some (at about eleven seconds to sixty mph) that a substantial number of buyers resorted to importing the more powerful 500SLs. I suppose that if one could afford one of these cars in the first place ($39,000 translates to $116,000 dollars in 2020), one might have had extra cash reserves to bring a 500SL over from Europe, extralegally. I honestly don't know how that process works, but have read this was legitimately the case with some examples.
To put the upper-echelon nature of this Mercedes into perspective, its as-new base price was more than the total, initial principal amount on my home, which is in a building that had been converted to condos around the time this car was new. The funny thing is that when I had first moved into my place, many of the common areas of my building, with their abundance of beveled, smoke-tinted glass, walls of mirrors, and brass accents, looked like they were straight out of 1981-era episodes of "The Jeffersons" – and I mean this in a good way. Subsequent attempts to modernize the overall look and feel of the inside of my building have been partially successful and aren't embarrassing.
The way I look at it, though, one should either totally commit to a complete remodel, or simply deep-clean and refurbish what's already there, since where style is concerned, what goes around often comes back around. What has been done to my condo building would be akin to adding big wheels and a monochromatic paint scheme to this 380SL to try to pass it off as a modern-esque car. No matter. I love where I live, I love George & Weezy, and I also like this Mercedes, imperfections and all. Total R107 series production from 1971 through '89 totaled just over 237,000, of which about 45,000 were 380SLs from their five-year run. The potent 560SL featuring a 227-hp 5.5L V8 arrived in '86 to the U.S., a market to which this powerplant was exclusive.
I'm trying to think of the most neutral way to express this, but this model seems, to me, to epitomize '80s excess in a way few other cars of its era can. Super-expensive, powerful, imported, exclusive… the ultimate status symbol for someone who wanted more of everything. This is why the condition of this particular car seems like such a spectacular comedown, sitting parked on the curb apart from the other, more plebian vehicles, with its tri-star emblem looking like an upturned nose. There are few combinations sadder than bourgeois and busted.
I have wrestled with the idea of "more is better" as I seek to entertain myself with buying things while I wait out this current pandemic. While my finger itches over the "purchase" button on some website for a new-to-me item, I ask myself if the acquisition of a new toy will meaningly improve the quality of my life or prolong it in some way. Often times, the answer is "no", but the fact remains that time will keep marching on, regardless of whatever else is going on in the world. Like this Mercedes, which was born in an era that seems to be remembered principally for its increased emphasis on consumerism, I might as well just keep on functioning, responsibly, as best I can.
Edgewater Glen, Chicago, Illinois.
Sunday, June 21, 2020.
Mark Hobbs
Posted August 18, 2020 at 3:24 AM
Tragic condition for such a great car. Euro bumpers must have been retro fitted as why would anybody import a 380 not a 500SL. So cheap for a quality car in the UK as US imports list on the "Bay" for as little as 5 grand for a good one
Glenn M. Swisher, Jr.
I agree with you 100% on the bumpers. These do not appear to be true 5 mph examples. My parents owned 2 R107 vehicles, a 1976 and 1980 450SLC, which were known in slang terms as "venetian blind" coupes. This was due to the slats which were at the back of the rear seat windows.
Posted August 18, 2020 at 4:00 PM
My first instinct regarding those bumpers was that they were Euro spec. When I looked at other pictures of 380SLs, I tried to picture them without the bumper guards.
It does look like they had been replaced with European units on this example, upon closer inspection. It makes it just a little bit sadder that someone had cared enough at one point to make this cosmetic change earlier on in this car's life.
J P Cavanaugh
In my mind the 1970s was the decade of these cars. By the 80s the young and hip were choosing BMW and maybe Audi while older or more traditional buyers chose these, in the way those people were lapping up Cadillacs in the early 70s.
Perhaps I am just projecting, but while I could have tossed around BMW specs with about anyone in 1985, I had no idea that the 3.8 on the back of these identified a V8 engine – these simply were not on my radar at all at the time.
These cars had an incredibly long model run, and today I like them for what they are, though I still have no real desire to own one. But make mine either an earlier 450 or a later 560 as a 3.8L V8 in a car of this class is just silly.
Paul Niedermeyer
a 3.8L V8 in a car of this class is just silly.
In Europe the 280SL six cylinder was the best selling version.
Was the European version as expensive as these were over here? The US versions brought crazy money when these were new. I suspect this would tie into your piece about relative differences in markets. At selling prices and fuel prices in Europe, that 280 version surely made sense. But that combo here in the US really didn't, except for maybe that brief time around 1981 when everyone was afraid that we were running out of gasoline.
Posted August 18, 2020 at 11:30 AM
That's hard to answer because of exchange rate fluctuations. But I would say that given the still-lower incomes of Germans in the '80s, a 280SL was at least as unaffordable as a 380SL was here.
SL's were thick on the ground in many American cities where the more affluent tended to congregate. That was certainly not the case in Germany. Places like St. Tropez and Monte Carlo. But not in Munich or Stuttgart or such.
There's crazy amounts of Americans with lots of money who didn't blink an eyeball at the prices of these.
One more thing: the 3.8 V8 was a "CAFE/high gas prices special". It was designed for maximum efficiency, as the 4.5 V8 was a gas hog, designed for a very different era.
The European market 3.8 had 218 hp! That was more than enough for brisk motoring.The US 3.8 was a dog, tuned for efficiency and low emissions. It also had a serious problem eating its single row timing chain, which was a black eye for MBZ.
The 4.2 that replaced it in 1986 was much better, with 201 hp. And by that time the 5.6 was available too, thanks to improved efficiency across the line.
The European 280SL had 185 hp, or 30hp more than the US market 380SL.
Thanks, Paul, for this perspective.
justy baum
I think (but can't find) that the 500 motor was the iron-block extension of the 450, and the 380 was the new all-alloy engine that came with the W126, so it was altogether lighter.
The Euro 2.8 and 3.8 were also running on leaded fuel, making a huge difference to output. The 4.2 and 5.6 were designed for unleaded, hence the much better performance once the US got them.
I seem to recall that that timing chain issue continued into the newer engines as time went on.
Justy Baum,
You are correct up to a point. Both smaller M116 and larger M117 were introduced in 1969 and 1971 respectively as the first V8 engines from Mercedes-Benz. The blocks were switched from iron to aluminium-silicon alloy with Nicasil coating in 1978 for W126 S-Class. Mercedes-Benz foolishingly used single row timing chain for aluminium-alloy block M116, which led to the serious issue and damaging reputation with the customers. Mercedes-Benz reverted to dual row timing chains for 1981.
These are beautiful cars but if you want one you better get the best example you can afford preferably one that was loved and well taken care of and if possible with the maintenance records…They made alot these and alot of them have survived and so they are easy to find but buyer beware as they can be very expensive unless you are able to do all the service/maintenance yourself…and even if you do the maintenance and upkeep yourself the parts which are readily available are also expensive…still all in all beautiful cars…in the 70s they were on almost every TV show…I wish there was one in my garage but I've already got several other old vehicles that I am supporting/wrenching on…
To me this SL has always been more about status than performance, given its anemic 0-60 time. While granted that its intended function was more grand tourer than sports car, the price of admission for such touring was hadrd to justify IMHO, unless the owner was trying to make a statement of sorts. My opinion; I could certainly be wrong.
Good on you to work on grammar and diction;attention to both these days is the mark of a gentleman.
Jeffery Smith
This car reminds me of Hart to Hart, Dallas and my weird high school friend John. His father had a blond late 20's ….shall we say….trophy wife. It was an odd household. She drove a lapis blue 380SL. She once gave me a ride home from his older high end neighborhood to my….well…just older neighborhood – top down, just gliding along. I can't think of another car that would have suited her better.
Jeffery, your account of riding in your friend's stepmom's example seems pretty consistent with my own type of mental image of these cars.
"one might have had extra cash reserves to bring a 500SL over from Europe, extralegally."
Joseph – this was not really illegal nor more costly. They were imported legally, converted (or not) to US standards and sold by specialty dealers. The 500SEC was also popular to import. Both SL & SEC came in with more horsepower, better looking bumpers (SL) and for much less money. In the early '80s the D-Mark was weak and MBNA was gouging American buyers. So the market responded with "grey market" cars. At Houston these were even flown in on 747 freighters.
Of course American MB dealers would not work on these cars and good luck with any warranty issue. Different times.
Jim Klein
Here's one we found in a junkyard (an S-Class, not an SL) that was a gray market import.
https://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/junkyard/junkyard-classic-1979-mercedes-280se-across-an-ocean-up-a-mile-and-forty-years-of-stories/
During this era, it was a big business. There were several gray market "dealers" in and near Beverly Hills where we lived at the tie that had showrooms, with a number of federalized cars awaiting buyers. I would say that up to some 20-25% of Mercedes sales were gray market during its peak.
scottn59c
Sometimes when I read Joe's pieces, I find myself more entranced with the metaphor than the featured car…
I have an old VHS of the best of The Newlywed Game. I think an old girlfriend gave it to me for reasons I can't now remember. I do remember watching it with her and trying to decide which couple best represented our own relationship. It was funny to see how much both the styles and relationship politics had changed between the '70s and '90s, which the featured tape covered. And it was also funny how easily you could see who wore the pants in the relationship from just a 30 second clip.
Still have the tape, but no VHS player. Would be fun to see it again someday.
In keeping with the throwback theme, this car makes me sad, but more for myself than for it.
This was my dream car as a 10 year old in the late 70's. I had a much-loved Corgi model in metallic blue. I can remember when travelling to the more exclusive town where my grandparents lived I'd keep a sharp eye out for the real ones, since they weren't seen in our more plebeian neck of the woods. The R107 SL's still represent the pinnacle of success and solid understated elegance to me. At my current age I often cringe when the word "class" is used, as most often when anyone calls anything "classy" it comes off to me as anything but. These SL's, however, will always be "classy" to me.
The appearance of this one gives me the same sad feeling that my American Dream has become a tarnished memory as so many other recent sights and events have left me feeling.
I'll still always look forward to opening a Joe Dennis post here, but today I alomst kinda wish I hadn't:(
MTN, this got me thinking. The R129, introduced in '89, was the new SL when I was in high school. I remember thinking it was one of the most beautiful Mercedeses I had ever seen. I spent a couple of hours looking at a car magazine while on a bus trip up to northern Michigan reading about it, the '75 LeSabre convertible, and a few other featured cars.
While I didn't covet the new SL for when I would be an adult, I suppose that seeing one of those in the condition of our featured car might be akin to what you're describing here.
I do also get what you're saying about use of the words "class" and "classy". Sometimes, there seems to be a thin line between "class" and "crass", but I agree with you that these cars still have it at their core. Just not in this condition. 🙂
An interesting car that makes you wonder if it has had the same owner for a long time as it aged like any car that is driven and sees weather does or if it's a more recent acquisition by someone that just needed (on the surface) cheap wheels but which will be discarded when something (anything) remotely expensive breaks.
At the end of the day it's still about 40yrs old, and there really aren't that many cars of that age still rolling about on a daily basis of any type, most older MBs that are, generally are not actual daily drivers anymore but stored in a garage and probably washed more than they are driven. So at least it's being used for its intended purpose.
Jim, I agree with you that it is good that this car is being driven and getting someone around. That is a plus. Curbside Classics come in all shapes, sizes, and conditions.
XR7Matt
R107s like this are littered throughout the greater Chicago area, when I was a kid I'd see them all over the north side of the city when we'd go there, or all over the fox valley with the stables along army trail road going to St Charles or Geneva, which also had a ton within. I never was much of a fan, the proportions with the short wheelbase aren't flattering and a lot of the styling elements looked out of date in the 80s – much more W116 resemblance than W126. The demographic seemed like the same "look at me and my wealth" yuppie type buying G wagons today, and probably a lot of older current day G wagon owners had a R107 in the past too.
It's a strange phenomenon in the US it seems, we are weened on Mercedes Benz as a status symbol brand, the idea of E class taxis in Europe is unthinkable and literally foreign to us, and the result is there's a sort of reverence that keeps the old models alive in spite of beat up bodies, rust, very expensive repairs etc. They rarely hit that point where absolutely nobody wants them and end up in a junkyard unless there is clear physical damage that insurance determined a total loss, but especially the R107, which I'm not sure I have ever spotted in my 13 years I've been going to junkyards in the area. There's an intrinsic appeal to them that I'm not sure even the people buying them understand anymore, other than it's a Mercedes Benz convertible, and a classic, and pretty damn cheap now, even if they're basket cases that status symbolism can't be corroded away.
One thing I do like about these, and really by extension the era of the late 70s and 80s, the auxiliary fog lights with not a hint of seamless integration into the bodywork. Maybe it's a bygone age nastalgia thing for me but that look where they're just hanging out there makes them look more purposeful and echos the rally cars of the era, they looked more akin to a race intel mile a splitter or spoiler rather than this Integral part of the cars lighting system people misuse.
*Race item akin to a spoiler*
Stupid autocorrect! can't edit my comment to fix
XR7Matt, it has also been my observation that the greater Chicago area has a larger concentration of these R107s (not that I have been anywhere too far outside my neighborhood since March). Maybe a couple of weeks after I had seen this one, I saw and photographed a pristine red one moving in traffic (with even more Euro-spec accoutrements). This white one made a much more interesting subject, to me, so that other one will remain on ice.
I also see what you're saying about the visual effect of the separate fog lamps. You've sold that whole idea to me. I dig it.
Ryan Belknap
I live in Rogers Park, and I saw what I believe to be this car turning left from devon to clark street going north. I remember it because of the missing trim by the driver's side front wheel and the euro bumpers.
Is this what they call the curbside effect?
Ryan, that was absolutely the CC effect! Just yesterday evening, I went for a walk and saw this same car parked somewhere else nowhere near this spot. Another instance.
Evan Reisner
In fact, the whole business of "gray market" cars is what led to the current 25-year-old import rules we have today. At least, that's how I remember it.
MBUSA was not happy about losing business to 3rd party importers. The simple solution would have been to directly import the cars the 3rd parties were importing, and offer them at official dealers with official warranties, but that wasn't done and I think the reasons had to do with emissions and fuel economy.
So instead, MBUSA (and perhaps other official importers of European brands) lobbied lawmakers to change the rules so that cars could only be imported through official channels, unless they were 25+ years old. And here we are.
Evan, thank you (and Constellation, above) for this big of enlightenment about the process of bringing over the European models. I honestly didn't know how that whole thing worked, nor that these cars acted as something of a catalyst for implementation of that 25+ year rule.
CA Guy
The ultimate symbol of the 1980's. American Gigilo's (1980) Julian Kaye drove one as an example of the era's excesses. One cannot picture the character aging as gracefully as Richard Gere.
I saw two kids in their early 20's happily driving a 380SL with the top down on Wilshire in Westwood last week. Like a lot of R107s in LA, it was in close to mint condition. All these decades later you still see a lot of these cars in SoCal, occasionally driven by original owners but more often by those who inherited (?) them. They bring up bittersweet memories. A good friend's 560SL was sold a couple of years ago as Alzheimer's has taken away her ability to function daily, let alone drive that beautiful caGreat piece,
Joseph, thank you, as always. I sometimes feel as if I'm right with you back in Chicago, a city at the top of my list when we can travel again.
Oops, the edit function really is missing today. Excuse the typos.
CA Guy, thank you. I had watched "American Gigolo" for the first time on a network channel / rerun movie probably at the beginning of the year, and I had forgotten that Julian Kaye drove one of these. Now I remember.
I'm guessing that lower prices for these make them affordable for many. That does make me smile that some 20-somethings were enjoying some top-down motoring in one of these.
Ripple Earthdevil
Posted August 18, 2020 at 10:03 PM
Which years had the square headlamps?
Joseph H. Dennis
I don't think any of the U.S.-spec R107s ever had them.
These things were in decline upon release.
But they were Mercedes and fearsomely expensive and so no-one dared point out that these Emperors were quite ill-proportioned and heavy-faced clumps. They had chrome of questionable taste and a slight over-doneness of being, which, when combined with the brand and price and mushy handling, meant that they sold to the rich for years past replacement time.
The one you see here dishevelled in Chicago isn't faded of glory, because it never had any. It had a badge and it had badge-seekers. There is no aging gracefully when there was none to begin with.
They were well-made with good engineering beneath, but they rusted as badly as anything else. Worse, in a way. Beyond the inevitable doors and sills and arches, they have a fatal flaw of rust deep in the firewall that needs hugely expensive rectification lest they fall in half.
Busted rich isn't necessarily a sad sight: Europe specializes in it, the occupants of some magnificent palace living in the un-touristed (and unproductive) quarter of it amongst faded drapes and general deshabille, but still living gracefully in the faded splendour.
The busted late 20th century rich man's trinket that is this car is less sad than it is secretly pleasing to see. Schadenfeude made wheeled, if you will.
There are different kinds of "busted rich", I suppose. There are many grand, old structures in worn condition that maintain a certain kind of grandeur. I've seen this both in Europe and here in the U.S. This car was not that.
But, and again to Jim Klein's point above, this car is clearly drivable and usable as an automobile, and could be in shape a lot worse.
CJinSD
This was the official ride of the ladies who lunch in the early '80s. Today's equivalent would be a Range Rover or Porsche Cayenne. I suggest anyone who is knocking Mercedes-Benz over the condition of this car should think about the current condition of the car they were driving in 1981. It's close to forty years old and still registered, even though any mildly substantial repair would have exceeded the car's value for the past fifteen years. Incidentally, anyone who believes Mercedes-Benz' claims about all parts being available for all cars will be disabused quickly by R107 ownership. A 3D printer is required.
Jose Delgadillo
These things were the epitome of "shoving your money" in eveyone's face. These were everywhere in the late 70's and 80's. My neighbor had one, he could clearly afford it as his family owned a local winery. Does anyone remember American Gigolo? I wished that I could have looked as good as Richard Gere. I remember back then when I was a lot younger and thinner. I had a couple of designer suits and sports coats. Oh to be in my 20's again!
See my post above. Trust me, he still looks very fine today. His brother teaches at UCLA, my home for decades, and I've seen him here on occasion (as well as on screen). BTW, he and his brother are extraordinarily decent human beings as well.
Here's the picture.
Sorry. I'm totally out of it this morning.
Speaking of movies, I nearly forgot this is the spitting image of what Sharon Stone had in Casino, Other than the 5mph bumpers (which full advantage was taken of!)
Casino and War of the Roses – movies in which nice cars become the victims of bad marriage break-ups☺
Rob Lemon
Posted September 24, 2020 at 1:19 AM
The longest running Mercedes model ever, still selling in big numbers when it was replaced. Designed specifically for the US market, so the design represents a German take on American taste, which judging by the sales they appear to have got spot on. Given bigger and bigger low compression V8s to cope with US emissions laws (the Euro versions are much better). Forever associated with Bobby Ewing.
Based on the W114/5 platform, which was pretty advanced for 1968. Excellent spares availability from Mercedes themselves, aftermarket producers in Germany and specialist dismantlers worldwide.
The bulkhead, as mentioned above, is the expensive rust trap. HVAC repairs require dashboard out. Engines last very well. The 380 had it's single row timing chain redesigned to a double after two years. Even the single isn't a problem if properly maintained.
LJKS really liked them. Now starting to be appreciated for their usual Mercedes virtues. A nicely restored 70s 450 is a very pleasant way to go classic car motoring. Really cheap, there's two restored examples on ClassicCars for £25k. All originally supplied with a hardtop. The SLC was the most expensive car in the Mercedes range apart from the Pullman.
Not the prettiest Mercedes and some pretty dire 80s associations, but if you can get over that, a damn fine motor car.
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AntiSuv on Cohort Outtake: 1977 NSU Ro80 – Stands the Test Of Time
la673 on Cohort Classic: 1964 Chrysler Newport – Chrysler's Great Downsizing, Chapter 2.
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text:
Austerlitz Master Plan
We researched a new type of contemporary space, the railway station as a city square. Looking to discover continuity between the exterior city space and the interior station space, we developed a parquet of urban activities: transport, commerce, and culture. We thought of a contemporary Piazza San Marco, with the station as the basilica. A long glass gallery of exchange on three levels parallel to the existing station acts as the common denominator for subways, commuter trains, and TGV international trains. more
We researched a new type of contemporary space, the railway station as a city square. Looking to discover continuity between the exterior city space and the interior station space, we developed a parquet of urban activities: transport, commerce, and culture. We thought of a contemporary Piazza San Marco, with the station as the basilica. A long glass gallery of exchange on three levels parallel to the existing station acts as the common denominator for subways, commuter trains, and TGV international trains.
To define this urban square, we proposed a major building vector linking two parts of the city to the river Seine. A place of transit and a place of activity, the Vector is composed of a curved set of buildings with shops on the ground level, a suspended garden on the intermediate level, and offices, hotels, a cultural center, gyms, etc. on the upper levels. On the south side of the Vector, we designed a large park linking new public green space and the existing garden of the Salpetrière. back
300,000 sq. meters
SEMAPA City of Paris
Lead Designer: Bernard Tschumi. Key Personnel: Véronique Descharrières, Jean-Jacques Hubert, Antoine Santiard, with Dominic Leong, Ben Edelberg, Paula Tomisaki back
Program: Infrastructure, Master Plan
Chartres Business Park Masterplan


text:
THE BOLD & THE BEAUTIFUL Spoilers 7/11/18 — Maya Is Determined to Expose Xander's Secret!
By Chris Eades July 11, 2018
Xander is hiding something and in these THE BOLD & THE BEAUTIFUL spoilers, Maya intends to find out exactly what it is! Will she regret digging into her family member's past? Plus, Wyatt tries to boost Sally's confidence, but is he just setting her up for a fall?
Maya has been keeping an eye on her cousin, Xander, ever since he first arrived in Los Angeles, and it seems like she doesn't approve of his growing closeness with Forrester intern Emma. "I know you're just trying to look out for me," he assures Maya, "but Emma really is a good person." Later, Maya shares her concerns with her father. "I just want to make sure Xander is who he says he is," she insists to Julius. Might he have some insight into the secret Xander is keeping from the family? Or will he try to stop Maya from poking her nose where it doesn't belong?
Wyatt is good for Sally's ego! (Photo Credit: CBS)
Sally was excited to go work for Forrester, but with her past as a Spectra, she's going to encounter all kinds of obstacles from her former rivals. Having fallen head over heels for the redhead, Wyatt assures her that she can overcome anything they throw at her. "If you handle everything with your charm," he smiles, "trust me — they're gonna love you." Sally responds with a coy giggle. Everything seems to be going great for these two… which is about when something goes terribly wrong!
Check out this tease for today's dramatic episode, and for more B&B previews, keep reading the CBS edition of Soaps In Depth magazine!
More from CBS Soaps In Depth
Everything You Need to Know About B&B's Xander
Who Is Zoe? — Meet Kiara Barnes!
Nia Sioux Blends B&B and DANCE MOMS in a Hilarious New Video Short
Amelia Heinle Reveals Victoria's Feelings for Nate on Y&R
What Happened to Jill on THE YOUNG & THE RESTLESS
THE BOLD & THE BEAUTIFUL Spoilers: Who Will Get Custody of Douglas?
More in CBS
THE YOUNG & THE RESTLESS Spoilers: Are Adam's Days Numbered?
Michael Mealor Reveals the Y&R Co-Star Who Made Him Nervous!
Brooke & Taylor: B&B's Next Supercouple?
What Happened to Diane on THE YOUNG & THE RESTLESS
Kate Linder Invites You to Tea With Y&R Stars!
Will Fen Return to Y&R Again? — Zach Tinker Speaks Out
What Happened to Lily on THE YOUNG & THE RESTLESS
What's Going on With Bill and Sheila on B&B? — Don Diamont Speaks Out!


Stemming from modern hydrotherapy treatments that originated in Europe, the constitutional hydrotherapy treatment was developed and perfected by a naturopathic physician, Dr. O.G. Carroll (1879-1962). Dr. Carroll was the "the busiest health practitioner of any persuasion in the United States in the 1930's and 1940's" and his practice centered around this treatment that he had perfected by 1923 and which did not change for the next 40 years.
One of the principles of naturopathic constitutional hydrotherapy is that health (and healing) is proportional to the normal flow of healthy blood. Naturopathic constitutional hydrotherapy influences the quantity of blood flowing through a given tissue and improves the quality of the blood circulating. This is accomplished in the treatment by enhancing blood flow through the organs of elimination (skin, liver, lungs, kidneys, colon) and subsequently deriving improved blood quality through the increased elimination of metabolic waste products. Concomitant treatment, aimed at tonifying the organs of digestion and improving the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients into the blood, help to build up desirable blood elements such as oxygen, nutrients, optimize blood and immune cell populations, further improving overall blood quality.
Viewing the blood as the vehicle conveying life to all cells (oxygen, nutrients, etc.), naturopathic constitutional hydrotherapy manipulates the circulation in order to maximize the benefits of this process for overall health and healing. It enhances the immune response, improves overall nutrition, promotes detoxification and helps restore nervous equilibrium. Naturopathic constitutional hydrotherapy works because it helps to optimize the quality of blood, while improving the efficiency of its circulation.
Although an in-office procedure with sine wave treatment is the most effective form of Constitutional Hydrotherapy, the repeated use of home constitutional hydrotherapy can be very useful. Consult your health care practitioner before using this therapy.
Prepare a basin with cold water, add at least one tray of ice cubes to it, and place a thin hand towel into the cold water.
The treatment recipient should stay warm, on a comfortable surface, and tucked under several blankets throughout the treatment. To keep the blankets dry, you can keep beach towels between the wet towels and the blankets.
Soak 2 thick towels with hot water, the towels folded in half should still cover the chest and abdomen for a total of 4 layers.
Take the bath towel from hot basin, wring it out, fold it and place the 2 hot towels on the affected area for 5 minutes. A 3rd hot towel would be ideally used to re-heat the chest and abdomen after the 5 minutes to assure the area is well warmed.
After that time, wring out the cold towel, remove the hot towel from the affected area and quickly place the cold towel over the chest and abdomen. Wrap in warm blankets and allow the body to warm the cold towel over 10 minutes. If you do not warm the towel in 10 minutes, contact your physician for modified instructions.
Prepare the hot towels again and apply to the entire back and repeat the cycle.


North Korean leader Kim Jong-un is "begging for war" with his latest and most powerful nuclear bomb test, the US envoy to the United Nations has said.
Nikki Haley told an emergency meeting of the Security Council in New York that the US did not want a war but its patience was "not unlimited".
The US will table a new UN resolution shortly to toughen sanctions.
China, the North's main ally, has called for a return to negotiations and Switzerland has offered to mediate.
Meanwhile South Korea's navy carried out live-fire naval drills on Tuesday, warning that if the North provoked them "we will immediately hit back and bury them at sea", reported Yonhap news agency.
It comes a day after the South's military simulated a missile attack on the North's nuclear test site.
Reports suggest the North is preparing new test missile launches.
On Sunday, it tested a bomb underground, which was thought to have a power range from 50 kilotonnes to 120 kilotonnes. A 50kt device would be about three times the size of the bomb that destroyed Hiroshima in 1945.
Ms Haley argued that only the strongest sanctions would enable the problem to be resolved through diplomacy.
"War is never something the United States wants," she said. "We don't want it now but our country's patience is not unlimited."
China's envoy to the UN, Liu Jieyi, reiterated a call for all sides to return to negotiations.
"The peninsula issue must be resolved peacefully," he said. "China will never allow chaos and war on the peninsula."
Speaking in Berne, Swiss President Doris Leuthard pointed to her country and Sweden's long record in neutral and discreet diplomacy.
"I think it really is time for dialogue," she said. "We are ready to offer our role for good services as a mediator. I think in the upcoming weeks a lot will depend on how the US and China can have an influence in this crisis."
China is key but it is a conflicted party. On the one hand it does not want to see a nuclear-armed North Korea and it has made its view clear to Pyongyang on many occasions.
However, it does not want to see the North Korean regime swept away. This would result in millions of refugees flooding into China and would probably result in a unified Korea very much in the US orbit. This is seen in Beijing as worse than having a difficult nuclear neighbour.
If China were to take the view that the coincidence of a rapidly advancing North Korean nuclear programme and the uncertainties of the Trump administration's diplomatic capabilities means that there is a very real risk of misunderstanding and catastrophe, then maybe it might bring much greater pressure to bear on Pyongyang.
North Korea is a very isolated country and China is both its major ally and economic prop. There is a lot more that China can do. North Korea's recent testing has been as much an embarrassment to China as it has angered the US. But the Chinese have a difficult diplomatic calculation to make.
Ms Haley did not spell out what additional measures might be taken but diplomats have suggested an oil embargo would have a crippling effect.
It was North Korea's sixth nuclear test to date. The US Geological Survey recorded a resulting tremor at 6.3 magnitude.
South Korea said it was now presumed that the North had reduced its nuclear warhead in size to below 500kg, and would be able to attach one to an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).
Earlier on Monday, a South Korean defence ministry official said there were signs of "possibly more ballistic missile launches", including an ICBM.
How else are the South and its US ally responding?
Monday's drills simulated the targeting of the Punggye-ri nuclear site in Kilju County, where North Korea carried out its bomb test. Missiles were fired from the ground and rockets from fighter jets.
Seoul has said there will be more live-fire drills this month, as well as a naval battle group training exercise and a joint anti-submarine warfare exercise with the US.
South Korea and the US have also agreed after talks to scrap a warhead weight limit on the South's missiles, which are currently capped at 500kg (1,100lb).
The defence ministry in Seoul also told parliament the US would seek to deploy a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to seas off the Korean peninsula.
Four more launchers of the US Thaad (Terminal High-Altitude Area Defence) missile defence system - strongly opposed by China and Russia - would also be deployed to join two already at a site in Seongju, south of Seoul.


text:
1. Don't want your money
2. Need another love
3. Don't run away
4. Too high
5. Emiko (Instrumental)
6. Jealousy
7. Invisible
8. Caroline
9. Golden time
10. Summerday
11. One step away
12. Diana
13. You're a liar
14. See you again
15. Too high (New version)
16. Ocean of love
Robby Musenbichler - guitar, vocals
Ken Taylor - bass, vocals
Lothar Krell - keys, vocals
Klaus Luley - guitar, voclas
Fritz Matzka - drums
Tokyo (1981)
Fasten Seat Belts (1982)
San (1983)
The Westworld Encounter (1984)
Back To The Fire (1995)
Remastered by: Thomas Neumann
Released 3/2-2012
yesterrock
German Toto fans called Tokyo are having their third album, originally released in 1983, rereleased for the first time on CD. A band that was rather big in Germany but after the popular debut with dwindling popularity if I am to interpret the sources I have found on this, the internet does not really hold that much information about this band. We have already looked at the band's first two releases and now it is as said time for the third one. This time they have a more interesting looking album cover than on their earlier albums and a Japanese sounding title to match. As with the earlier rereleases this Tokyo release also has a few bonus tracks in order to make it more interesting or something, that is a touch not too often used on the Yesterrock albums he have seen.
Musically it is not different from the earlier Tokyo albums, they apply the same catchy way of doing rock music as they did before. Melodic with catchy choruses and quite the typical AOR sound to be honest, Toto is a band that I think comes close if you want a band as a reference point. The production is clean and polished, it is more mature than it has been on the earlier albums and the band has managed a good sound and whatever they do they do with confidence and authority. The songs are melodic and catchy all the way through this album and this time the bonus songs blends better in with the other tracks making the album a bit more coherent than before. There are sixteen tracks on this album and they play for over 57 minutes thanks to the bonus tracks.
San is the best of the Tokyo albums I have heard, the album feels more mature and better produced than the earlier albums, the songs are also better overall even though there were better hit songs on those earlier works. I think this album is very good and I like listening to it but like all other Tokyo albums that I have heard, it lacks that little extra that the best AOR albums do have. Still it is a very strong album and definitely it represents 57 minutes of good entertainment even though it might not be memorable enough to remain in the mind when it ends.
As I said there were better hit songs on Tokyo or Fasten Seat Belts but on San the tracks are overall better and the overall feel of the album is also better, so despite the dwindling popularity I think the band improved over the albums and this is the best of those three and I think it should mark the end of the albums that Yesterrock is rereleasing these years, but what do I know? I have enjoyed this fine album and despite it not leaving a lasting impression I think Tokyo does leave an impression in my mind with these high quality albums that we now have seen rereleased for the first time on CD, and those rereleases feels well motivated, that's for sure.
So, a good album well worth checking out if you are a fan of the so-called AOR genre or like melodic rock music. An enjoyable album and the best I have heard by Tokyo, maybe not fantastic but still good.
Label: Yesterrock/GerMusica
Three similar bands: Jojo/Spliff/Supermax
Rating: HHHHHHH (4/7)
Previous reviews:
Nightqueen - For Queen and Metal
Epica - Requiem for the Indifferent
Story of Jade - The Damned Next Door


text:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import s from './Header.scss';
import withStyles from '../../decorators/withStyles';
import Link from '../Link';
import Navigation from '../Navigation';

@withStyles(s)
class Header extends Component {

  render() {
    return (

          <Navigation className={s.nav} />
          <Link className={s.brand} to="/">

            Kaizen Automotive Group
          </Link>

Summit Solutions

Fleet Manangement made easy

    );
  }

}

export default Header;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The social life of Hindus is replete with celebrations – festive occasions that allow them to come together as a community and celebrate their common culture.
The festival commemorates the unique bond shared by the siblings. To instill brotherhood in the minds of the buds Rakhi is tied in school.


I have to admit the beginning of this book was very confusing, but as I read more, I started to understand the supernatural element of the novel. There were characters you loved such as Meridia, an only child who thought she was unloved and others you despised such as Eva the evil mother-in-law who wanted to control everyone around her. The book was slow in the beginning, but towards the end I felt it was worth reading.


text:
Benicia Herald, DOT-111, Rail Safety, Valero Crude By Rail
Benicia's Stan Houston: a host of safety concerns – preserving Valero's future and Benicia's
Repost from The Benicia Herald
Crude by rail: An opportunity to lead
March 26, 2014 by Stan Houston
THE VALERO REFINERY WANTS TO BRING IN A NEW FORM OF CRUDE OIL to process in their refinery here in Benicia. Union Pacific Railroad will be the transporter. There is a host of safety concerns, not the least of which is the volatility of this newer crude. Should a mishap in transportation cause any one of the tank cars to rupture, the resulting explosion and fire could destroy Benicia. The gravity of this situation and my personal experiences in the railroad industry demand I convey my assessment and participate in a conversation that may lead to a solution that works for everyone.
I was only 3 1/2 years old but can still remember my first steam-locomotive trip. My parents and I stood patiently at Southern Pacific's Oakland terminal and watched the oil-fired locomotive billow out steam while the engineer reset the brakes and moved the engine forward a bit. It seemed an eternity before the conductor waved to my parents and we were allowed to board my grandfather's private car on Southern Pacific's Daylight train to Portland, Ore.
Ten years later I would find myself packaging freight car lubricant after school for one of my dad's railroad customers. In another 20 years, I celebrated having worked at every roundhouse and rail yard in the United States, Canada and Australia. By the age of 37, I was a highly regarded plastics engineer whose father's company was leading the railroad industry in replacing metal bearings and components with high-tech plastic materials. In the 40-plus years I spent "working on the railroad," I was an invited guest speaker to the Association of American Railroads, a frequent presenter at the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing in Pueblo, Colo., a board member and keynote speaker of the Locomotive Maintenance Officers Association, and a recipient of the first Quality Assurance Award from General Electric under then-CEO Jack Welch.
I cut my teeth in the industry at the Southern Pacific and Western Pacific railroads. I spent most of my early years visiting SP's Sacramento Locomotive Works, where I'd oversee the testing and installation of our new products. The shops had been home to my grandfather when he was master mechanic there in the 1940s and '50s. And, it didn't hurt that Southern Pacific's vice president of research and development was my godfather; I was given a lot of access to the railroad many others only dreamed of. As I grew into my late 20s, I'd venture to the Midwest to visit the Union Pacific or Burlington Northern railroads, or I'd go back east and call on the C&O and B&O (CSX), or the Southern Railway System. I travelled almost every other week for the next 20 years, helping redesign parts on freight cars and locomotives. It was a busy time in my life and very rewarding. I learned how the locomotives and the freight cars and rails work together. And, suffice it to say, I know the people who make those freight cars, and build those locomotives, and lay those rails.
During the last half of the 20th century, railroads shifted from carrying almost everything we consumers bought to what is today a streamlined mix of industrial and consumer goods. The railroads are extremely agile in producing freight cars that look like they are designed to handle very specific products when, in fact, their agility and mechanical engineering prowess — along with the help of their supply industry — can quickly adapt a standard freight car into a specific commodity freight car with little alteration to its structural integrity. It wasn't long ago that, as seasonal demand of grain cars oscillated wildly during harvest in the Midwest, standard box cars (the kind you see the homeless pictured riding in) were overnight turned into grain cars by inserting a cardboard barricade in the door openings and cutting a grain chute hole in the top. Not very space-age technology, but it worked extremely well.
Today the railroads are being tasked with carrying increasing amounts of oil in tank cars. In their heightened and predictable response to demand, they have rebuilt and built new tank cars at an unprecedented rate, yet still they have fallen short of what the growing demand requires. Because there are no government regulations requiring a specific type of tank car modification or a specifically designed car to address the newer types of crude now being carried, the railroads are carrying the newer materials in standard tank cars, some of them well over 50 years old. These cars are what the industry refers to as the DOT-111 class cars. Even the very newest modification to the DOT-111 class, made in 2011, does not adequately address the volatile nature of some of the newer crudes when under impact through derailment or collision. In addition, there has been no investigation into developing a far safer delivery system that employs tank car transport. It has been well documented that as a result of a derailment and collision, the subsequent breach of a tank car would cause an explosion of the newer crudes and destroy Benicia as we know it.
The Valero refinery has asked Benicians for their support to be able to bring these newer crudes to their Benicia refinery. It is irresponsible to close our eyes and NIMBY our way out of this predicament. It is in our best interest to do everything we can to insure the profitability and volume of output from Valero, as they provide a significant amount of money to our General Fund and donate hundreds of thousands of dollars each year to needy Solano County enterprises. In fact, we should be encouraging Valero to make as much product as they can and working with them to facilitate an increase in their margins so that we reap sustainable benefits, too. Isn't that what we already do for our other businesses? Isn't that what tourism does for the First Street businesses and the Economic Development Board does for our other businesses? Shouldn't we treat Valero the same as any other contributor to our welfare? Shouldn't we insist that any threat to Valero's ability to operate is hereby not acceptable?
In the absence of government mandates that would require a safer tank car or a safer delivery system for newer crude, it is up to Benicia to safeguard Valero's cash flow to us so that our livelihoods continue. In our conversation with our benefactor, Valero, we must insist they deliver this message to the railroad industry: "This is not the time to fabricate a piece of cardboard and retrofit a boxcar. Rather, this is a time of great opportunity that will require the cooperation of the stakeholders of the Union Pacific Railroad and the tank car companies to look into the future and develop a brand new product and delivery system. Round up your best ME's (mechanical engineers) and maintenance-of-way gurus and put together a delivery system that includes a modern, high-tech tank car with a robust safety factor and a delivery system that insures the continued operation of the Valero Refinery and the health and welfare of every township your system touches.
"And, until you can provide us with testing data that shows the newer car and newer delivery system is adequate, you can't ship into Benicia anything that threatens the current cash flow of Valero funds to our stakeholders and the city of Benicia."
Stan Houston lives and works in Benicia.
DOT-111Rail accidentsStan HoustonTank cars
Previous PostValero admits plan for tar sands and Bakken crudeNext PostBenician Roger Straw: Growing opposition to Valero Crude by Rail


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Uses of coal World Coal Association
Different types of coal have different uses. Steam coal - also known as thermal coal - is mainly used in power generation.; Coking coal - also known as metallurgical coal - is mainly used in steel production.; Other important users of coal include alumina refineries, paper manufacturers, and the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Coal - Wikipedia
OverviewEtymologyGeologyHistoryEmission intensityChemistryCoal as fuel to generate electricityCoal industry
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. Vast deposits of coal originate in former wetlands—called coal forests—that covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous (Pennsy
What is coal used for? - USGS
Coal is primarily used as fuel to generate electric power in the United States. The coal is burned and the heat given off is used to convert water into steam, which drives a turbine. In 2012, about 39 percent of all electricity in the United States was generated by coal-fired power plants, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Coal fired power plant - Energy Education
PurposeExampleEnvironmentUseSafetyResourcesCoal fired power plants are a type of power plant that make use of the combustion of coal in order to generate electricity. Their use provides around 40% of the world's electricity and they are primarily used in developing countries.[2] Countries such as South Africa use coal for 94% of their electricity and China and India use coal for 70-75% of their electricity needs, however the amount of coal China uses dwarfs most other countries (在energyeducation.ca上查看更多信息
Psoriasis treatment: Coal tar - American Academy of ...
Here are 5 things you can do to help your teen. Prevent hand-foot-and-mouth disease . It's contagious, but you can reduce your child's risk of catching it. Find out what helps. Scabies? Treat everyone! If your child develops scabies, everyone in your household will need treatment. Follow this advice to treat everyone safely and effectively. Public health programs. Skin cancer awareness ...
How does coal help - Answers
How does coal help? Wiki User 2009-05-22 13:54:54. by providing gas to give for energy. Related Questions. Asked in Coal (fuel source) Why is coal a good source? Coal is a good thing and also a ...
Coal – Official Minecraft Wiki
24.05.2020 Coal is an item mainly obtained by harvesting coal ore blocks. It is used as fuel, for crafting torches and campfires, or for trading with villagers.. Charcoal is an alternative to coal obtained from smelting logs or .It has the same uses as normal coal, except that it cannot be traded with villagers or crafted into a block of coal.Coal and charcoal also cannot stack together.
First appearances: See History
What does Coal do? I need help.? Yahoo Answers
08.01.2007 Coal is a solid fossil fuel. It is used today mostly for generation of electricity. It can be polluting. It can also be used to make an oil like material, coal liquification and a gas, coal gasification., that can be used like natural gas.The importance is that there is a lot of coal in the US. It would reduce the dependence on imported oil.
How Does a Coal Power Plant Work? - Bright Hub
Thermal-based power plants can produce electricity from coal or other fuel sources. The coal-fired process requires three different steps to turn energy released from burning coal to generating electricity for consumption. Coal fired power plants, while producing power, require a lot of water and produce a lot of pollutants like ash and CO2.
How Coal Works Union of Concerned Scientists
How Coal Works. Published Dec 15, 2017 Updated Dec 18, 2017. Coal has helped power America for decades. It's also a main contributor to global warming, and has major negative effects on human health and the environment. But despite providing more than half of the United States' electricity between 1981 and 2008 , electricity generation from coal is declining—largely replaced by another ...
10 reasons why coal is a good energy source:
10 reasons why coal is a good energy source: Cheapest source of energy. It is by far cheaper than nuclear, natural gas, oil. Hydro usually will be slightly cheaper. However, problems with hydro include: no new facilities because of public outcry when river valleys are dammed; and, peak demand time problems (rivers running dry in the dead of summer when peak air conditioning is needed and ...
What does a Coal Miner do? (with pictures)
29.04.2020 A coal miner can perform a number of tasks around a coal mine, depending on the type of mine where he or she works. Despite significant safety improvements, coal mining continues to be an extremely dangerous occupation, and no matter what kind of work a coal miner does, it's necessary to be physically fit in addition to being attentive and cautious.
Coal Ore – Official Minecraft Wiki
Coal ore attempts to generate 20 times per chunk in veins of size 1-17, from levels 0 to 127, in all biomes. Coal ore is also found in small amounts alongside underground fossils. Breaking . Coal ore must be mined with any pickaxe, or else it drops nothing. If mined with a pickaxe, coal ore drops 1 coal (or more with Fortune).
What happen if human eats coal? - Quora
Taking a spoonful of crushed coal is a Hillbilly treatment for many digestive disorders. There are many Appalachian cures my family embraced, this was not one of them. Our pigs would eat coal. Everyone burned coal in southern Ohio when I was young...
Coal electricity World Coal Association
Steam coal, also known as thermal coal, is used in power stations to generate electricity. Coal is first milled to a fine powder, which increases the surface area and allows it to burn more quickly. In these pulverised coal combustion (PCC) systems, the powdered coal is blown into the combustion chamber of a boiler where it is burnt at high temperature (see diagram). The hot gases and heat ...
Coal National Geographic Society
Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that can be burned for fuel and used to generate electricity.It is composed mostly of carbon and hydrocarbons, which contain energy that can be released through combustion (burning). Coal is the largest source of energy for generating electricity in the world, and the most abundant fossil fuel in the United States.
Coal in the Industrial Revolution - ThoughtCo
During the period of the industrial revolution, as demand for coal soared thanks to iron and steam, as the technology to produce coal improved and the ability to move it increased, coal experienced a massive escalation.From 1700 to 1750 production increased by 50% and nearly another 100% by 1800. During the later years of the first revolution, as steam power really took a firm grip, this rate ...
What Is a List of Things Made From Coal? Reference
These coal users make up 76 percent of worldwide coal usage, although Asia accounts for 67 percent of worldwide coal usage. Many Asian countries do not have enough natural energy resources to cover energy needs and must import coal to meet those requirements. Approximately 6.6 billion tons of hard coal and 1 billion tons of brown coal were used globally in 2013. Seventy percent of the steel ...
How is coal formed?
It appears smooth when you first see it, but look closer and you'll find it has many layers. It is the most abundant kind of coal. It has a high heating value, but it also has a high sulfur content. More than 80% of the bituminous coal produce in the U.S. is burned to generate electricity. Other major coal users are the cement, food, paper, automobile, textile and plastic industries. Another ...
What does coal mean? - YouTube
14.03.2016 What does coal mean? A spoken definition of coal. Intro Sound: Typewriter - Tamskp Licensed under CC:BA 3.0 Outro Music: Groove Groove - Kevin MacLeod (incompetech) Licensed under CC:BA 3.0 ...
作者: What Does That Mean?
Our Energy Sources, Coal — The National Academies
What You Need To Know About Energy. How We Use Energy Our Energy Sources The Cost of Energy ... America has plenty of coal. Its mines produced about 900 million tons in 2015, nearly all of it destined for domestic electricity generation, but also some for export. That is only a tiny fraction of U.S. recoverable coal reserves, which are estimated at about 257 billion tons. In fact, more than ...
Coal Old School RuneScape Wiki Fandom
Coal is one of the most important mined materials in RuneScape, as it is required to smelt all smithable metals above iron (other than gold or silver), in increasing amounts. It is a necessary ingredient to make elemental, steel, mithril, adamant, and rune bars. Coal can be mined by players with a Mining level of 30 or higher, granting 50 Mining experience per ore mined. After being mined, a ...
Which Coal do I Need - Capper Trading Ltd
Which Coal do I Need ; FAQ'S. Q. What is smoking coal? - Smoking coal is also known as bituminous coal-It has a high flammable content that will light up fast and burn faster than anthracite / smokeless coal. -Due to its flammable content smoking coal will reach a high level of heat in a short space of time.-Smoking coal is ideal for burning in the evening time when you need a high heat in a ...
COAL meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary
coal definition: 1. a hard, black substance that is dug from the earth in pieces, and can be burned to produce heat. Learn more.
What is Coal Washing? - Definition from Safeopedia
Coal will eventually turn into formations with enough time, pressure and heat. Impurities include slate and other non-organic rocks etc.. Washing coal increases its efficiency and quality, therefore increasing its price. It can also help to reduce emissions from burning.
What is coal? - The Origin Blog
Most people know coal as a fossil fuel which is used to produce around 40 percent of the world's electricity. 1 It's a flammable black or brown sedimentary rock, and is made mostly of organic carbon. However, there are actually two main types of coal: 'thermal' coal, which is mostly used for power generation, and 'metallurgical' coal, which is mostly used for steel production.
Why do you need coal - Answers
No, you cannot make s by burning coal. To turn coal into s, you need tremendous heat and also tremendous pressure. Merely burning the coal is not nearly enough heat, and you would ...
Coal pollution mitigation - Wikipedia
Coal pollution mitigation, often called clean coal, is a series of systems and technologies that seek to mitigate the pollution and other environmental effects normally associated with the burning (though not the mining or processing) of coal, which is widely regarded as the dirtiest of the common fuels for industrial processes and power generation.
Coal Ash Contaminates Our Lives Earthjustice
Coal Ash Is a Hazardous Waste. Coal ash, the toxic remains of coal burning in power plants, is full of chemicals that cause cancer, developmental disorders and reproductive problems. It poisons our water and kills fish and wildlife. But despite the threat, both the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the White House have done little to protect the waters we drink from coal ash contamination.
Is Coal Ash in Soil a Good Idea? - Scientific American
Scientific American is the essential guide to the most awe-inspiring advances in science and technology, explaining how they change our understanding of the world and shape our lives.
How does coal work to produce energy? AnswersDrive
How do you ignite coal? Starting an anthracite coal fire takes time and patience. It is a learning process, as anthracite coal burns entirely different than or bituminous coal. To begin, take around eight sheets of newspaper, crumble into balls and place on the top of the grates in your stove. Next, lay fine kindling on top of the paper. See Full Answer. 13. How much does it cost to buy ...
How coal is formed - ZME Science
Coal can be used in its natural form, or it can be either gasified, liquefied or refined. However, no matter the type of coal or how you use it, coal is a non-renewable resource. In realistic ...
Quick Facts about Coal and its Benefits
Although coal's total contribution to the American economy and way of life is impossible to estimate, coal production has demonstrable benefits. These include the direct employment of nearly 150,000 people and the creation of 3.3 jobs for every job in coal mining, for a total of more than 500,000 jobs. Coal generated $26 billion in sales and paid $13 billion in direct wages and salaries ...
What Is the Environmental Impact of Mining and Burning
Coal starts as peat, or sections of partially decomposed organic matter that accumulate on the earth's surface. Over millions of years, the peat is buried and heat and pressure transform it into increasingly pure forms of coal called lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite coal.. These fossil fuels are limited or nonrenewable resources; after they serve their fuel purpose, they ...
Do we need coal? - Quora
At the moment: Yes In the future: Probably no. Also depends on how developed a nation is. The same goes probably for nuclear. As other answers have already pointed out, coal is important for baseload energy generation, coal plants are safe and eas...
Coal mining and transportation - U.S. Energy Information ...
Mining coal . Coal miners use large machines to remove coal from the earth. Many U.S. coal deposits, called coal beds or seams, are near the earth's surface, while others are deep underground.Modern mining methods allow coal miners to easily reach most of the nation's coal reserves and to produce about three times more coal in one hour than in 1978.
Coal Tar Topical : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions ...
How to use Coal Tar Cream. Follow all directions on the product package. Check the label to see if you need to shake the product before using. If you are uncertain about any of the information ...
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Too many groups have embraced social ministry that is void of the gospel. That is, they go and do the things Christ would do for the poverty stricken, emotionally sick, or financially forlorn. But they go and never mention Jesus. When a group does this, they are doing good without an eternal perspective.
But when a group meets a need of those who are struggling AND they bring Jesus into the conversation, that group may change the struggler's present situation as well as his eternal existence.


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Exhibits & Guides
Ordering & Use
Labor Archives of Washington
(LAWS)
The I.W.W. in the Pacific Northwest
The Seattle General Strike & its Aftermath
Anti-Labor Reactions & Labor Espionage
Labor & the New Deal
Labor in the Modern Era
Cannery Worker Unionism
SeaTac/Seattle Minimum Wage History Project
Richard Correll Images of Labor
Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies
UW Libraries Special Collections
Labor and the New Deal
Workers erecting steel beams, Grand Coulee Dam construction site, July 26, 1938.
After the inauguration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt as the nation's president in 1933, the federal government launched a series of relief and recovery efforts known as the "New Deal" to halt the country's slide into depression and provide work for the unemployed. The New Deal agencies and their projects created thousands of jobs for workers in the Pacific Northwest, and altered both urban and rural landscapes as their work was accomplished.
An early element of the New Deal was an agency called the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, which was designed to provide economic relief by employing thousands of workers in 1933-1934 to make meaningful improvements to the country's infrastructure. The U.W.'s digital collection, Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) photographs, provides over 250 images of this work – both work done indoors in offices and retail businesses and work done outdoors on roads, parks, and public lands in and around Seattle. Another 100 images along the same lines are available in the U.W.'s collection entitled Civil Works Administration photographs – the CWA was a subdivision of the FERA, and provided similar opportunities to workers.
Another active New Deal agency in the Pacific Northwest was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), which employed young unmarried men to do manual labor on federal lands, often in connection with the use and conservation of natural resources. The U.W.'s digital collection of photographs taken by Clark Kinsey includes about 40 photographs of CCC camps and company groups taken in the Pacific Northwest.
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was another New Deal agency active in the Pacific Northwest. WPA laborers played a critical role in the construction of one of the largest public works projects of the New Deal: the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam in eastern Washington state. The U.W.'s Grand Coulee Dam collection contains roughly 60 photographs of the WPA workers on the dam, which depict both their living conditions at the time and the work they were engaged in. The WPA, though, worked in many settings other than dam-building—the U.W.'s collections also offer a small number of other photographs depicting the activities of the WPA.
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