text:
Q: TypeScript "Function" type vs. declaring a method signature I'm still quite new at TypeScript, so other SO questions and the documentation sometimes leave me just as confused as I started.  I'm going to put this as simply as I can, and if it's a duplicate, please point me to it.
I'm essentially wondering what the difference is between creating a member of type Function and simply defining a method signature in a class.  Consider the example below:
export abstract class MyBase {
    protected abstract method1();
    protected abstract method2(): void;
    protected abstract method3: Function;
}

My understanding is that the difference between 1 and 2 is that 1 has a return type of any while 2 has void or whatever type is specified there.
I'm not so sure what the difference between 1 and 3 is.  Is there one?
Lastly, I'm wondering, given the relationship between 1 and 2, why is the Function type not allowed to be generic?  In other words, it seems like we could have this (but we can't):
protected abstract method4: Function<void>;

A:
I'm not so sure what the difference between 1 and 3 is.

A big difference:
declare function method1(); // () => any
declare const method3: Function; // ALL Functions

Based on just the number of parameters:
method1(123); // Error
method3(123); // Okay

Given the relationship between 1 and 2, why is the Function type not allowed to be generic?

Its not the same as C#. The Function types names to native JavaScript functions.

A: The Differences Between These Methods in a Class

*

*Return type —— Their return types are different; method1 & method3 have a return type of any, but methods2 has a return type of void.  You can use tsc --declaration output .d.ts and see the declaration file as below:
export declare abstract class MyBase {
  protected abstract method1(): any;
  protected abstract method2(): void;
  protected abstract method3: Function;
}

*Dynamic vs. static method  —— method1 & method2 can be enumerated via prototype, but method3 can't, because it is a property, not a method.  Also, it can never be added in Superclass.prototype.  In the Superclass' constructor, assign method3 using this.method3=()=>{} only, so dynamic methods enumerated as properties and Subclasses also inherit its dynamic methods in Superclass, but can't be overridden by using super.  If you do, the TypeScript compiler will report errors and runtime errors will be thrown if you call it.  Here are the tests to describe that I have said.

Suggestion: You should declare a method using static techniques, not the dynamic technique used for method3.  If you do use the dynamic technique, you can't reuse Superclass methods.

    class Superclass {
        method1() {
        }

        method2 = function () {
        };
        method3 = function () {

        };
    }
    class Subclass extends Superclass {
        method1() {
            super.method1();
        }

        method3 = function () {
            super.method3();
        }
    }

    test("methods as property can't be enumerated as prototype", () => {
        expect(Object.keys(Superclass.prototype)).not.toContain('method3');
        expect(Object.keys(new Superclass())).toContain('method3');
    });
       expect(Object.keys(new Superclass())).toContain('method3');

    test("methods as prototype can be enumerated as prototype", () => {
        expect(Object.keys(Superclass.prototype)).toContain('method1');
        expect(Object.keys(new Superclass())).not.toContain('method1');
    });

    test("methods as property can be inherited in subclass", () => {
        let it = new Subclass();
        it.method2();//works fine
    });

    test("methods as property can't be overrided so you can't call `super`", () => {
        let it = new Subclass();
        expect(()=>it.method3()).toThrow();
    });


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text:
// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.

using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

public abstract class ChannelMessageInterceptor
{
    public virtual void OnSend(ref Message message) { }
    public virtual void OnReceive(ref Message message) { }

    public abstract ChannelMessageInterceptor Clone();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The previous part of this tutorial described how we can create database queries with the @Query annotation.
This tutorial has now covered two of the three methods which we can use to create query methods with Spring Data JPA. This blog post describes the last method. We will learn to create database queries by using named queries.
The search must be case-insensitive.
How can we create named queries?
How can we create the query methods that invokes our named queries?
Let's start by finding out the answer to the first question.
We can specify named queries with Spring Data JPA by using a properties file, annotations, or the orm.xml file.
If we want to use the default naming strategy of Spring Data JPA, we have to specify the name of the named query by using this syntax: [entity class name].[name of the invoked query method].
If we want to use some other syntax, we have to configure the name of named query when we create the query method that invokes it. We can do this by using the name attribute of the @Query annotation.
We are now ready to create named queries with Spring Data JPA. Let's start by adding our named queries into a properties file.
We can declare named queries by adding them into the jpa-named-queries.properties file that is found from the META-INF folder of our classpath.
If we configure the application context of our application by using Java configuration, we can configure the location of the properties file by setting the value of the namedQueriesLocation attribute of the @EnableJpaRepositories annotation.
If we configure the application context of our application by using XML configuration files, we can configure the location of the properties file by setting the value of the repository element's named-queries-location attribute.
Set the name of the named query as the name of the property.
Set the invoked query as the value of the property.
We want to create a named query whose name is 'Todo.findByTitleIs'. It returns all todo entries whose title is 'title'.
Let's move on and find out how we can declare named queries by using annotations.
If we want to create a JPQL query, we have to annotate our entity with the @NamedQuery annotation.
If we want to create a SQL query, we have to annotate our entity with the @NamedNativeQuery annotation.
If we want to create more than one named query, we have to wrap our queries inside the @NamedQueries or the @NamedNativeQueries annotation.
Annotate the entity with the @NamedQuery annotation.
Set the name of the named query (Todo.findByTitleIs) as the value of the @NamedQuery annotation's name attribute.
Set the JPQL query (SELECT t FROM Todo t WHERE t.title = 'title') as the value of the @NamedQuery annotation's query attribute.
query = "SELECT t FROM Todo t WHERE t.title = 'title'"
Annotate the entity with the @NamedNativeQuery annotation.
Set the name of the named query (Todo.findByTitleIs) as the value of the @NamedNativeQuery annotation's name attribute.
Set the SQL query (SELECT * FROM todos t WHERE t.title = 'title') as the value of the @NamedNativeQuery annotation's name attribute.
Set the returned entity class (Todo.class) as the value of the of the @NamedNativeQuery annotation's resultClass attribute.
Let's find out how we can create named queries by using the orm.xml file.
If we want to create a JPQL query, we have to use the named-query element.
If we want to create a SQL query, we have to use the named-native-query element.
Add a named-query element into the orm.xml file.
Set the name of the named query (Todo.findByTitleIs) as the value of the named-query element's name attribute.
Add a query element as the child of the named-query element and set the invoked JPQL query (SELECT t FROM Todo t WHERE t.title = 'title') as the value of the query element.
Add a named-native-query element to the orm.xml file.
Set the name of the named query (Todo.findByTitleIs) as the value of the named-native-query element's name attribute.
Set the type of the returned object (net.petrikainulainen.springdata.jpa.todo.Todo) as the value of the named-native-query element's result-class attribute.
Add a query element as the child of the named-native-query element and set the invoked SQL query (SELECT * FROM todos t WHERE t.title = 'title') as the value of the query element.
Let's move on and find out how we can create the query methods that invoke our named queries.
If our named query uses the default naming strategy of Spring Data JPA, we must ensure that the name of the query method identifies the invoked named query.
If our named query doesn't use the default naming strategy, we have to annotate the query method with the @Query annotation and configure the name of invoked named query by using the name attribute of the @Query annotation.
If the invoked named query is a SQL query, we have to annotate the query method with the @Query annotation and set the value of its nativeQuery attribute to true.
Add the correct method parameters to the query method.
Specify the return type of the query method.
We want to create a query method that invokes the named query whose name is: Todo.findByTitleIs. Because this named query returns todo entries whose title is 'title', it doesn't have any parameters.
We want to create the query method which invokes the named query whose name is: Todo.findByDesc. This named query has one named parameter called description.
We are now ready to implement our search function. Let's find out how we can do it.
Create the JPQL and SQL queries that are case-insensitive and return todo entries whose title or description contains the given search term.
Create the named queries that invoke the created JPQL and SQL queries.
Create the query methods that invoke our named queries.
This section describes the JPQL and SQL queries that fulfil these requirements.
Let's move on and create our named queries.
The Todo.findBySearchTermNamed is a named query that uses JPQL.
The Todo.findBySearchTermNamedNative is a named query that uses SQL.
Let's move on and declare these named queries by using annotations.
"LOWER(t.description) LIKE LOWER(CONCAT('%', :searchTerm, '%'))"
Let's find out how we can declare these named queries by using the orm.xml file.
Let's move on and create the query methods that invoke these named queries.
Create a query method called findBySearchTermNamed().
Set the return type of the query method to List<Todo>.
Add one method parameter to the query method and configure the name of the named parameter (searchTerm) by annotating the method parameter with the @Param annotation.
Create a query method called findBySearchTermNamedNative().
Annotate the method with the @Query annotation and set value of its nativeQuery attribute to true.
Let's move on and find out when we should create our database queries by using named queries.
When Should We Use Named Queries?
Named queries support both JPQL and SQL.
If we have an existing application that uses named queries, it is easy to refactor it to use use Spring Data JPA (if we want to).
Named queries provide support for SQL result set mapping. This means that we can write complex SQL queries and map the query results into objects.
We cannot see the invoked database query from the repository interface.
If we specify named queries by using annotations, they "litter" the source code of our entity classes.
If we think about the pros and cons of named queries, it becomes clear that the query methods which use named queries aren't as easy to read or write as the query methods that use either the query generation from the method name strategy or the @Query annotation.
We can write complex SQL queries and map the query results into objects.
If we need to refactor an existing application to use Spring Data JPA, we don't have to move its named queries to our repository interfaces.
Thus, I think that we should create our query methods by using the query generation from the method name strategy or the @Query annotation.
However, if we cannot create the query method by using these two methods, we can use named queries.
Also, if we are refactoring an existing application to use Spring Data JPA, using its existing named queries is a no-brainer because it can save us a lot of work.
We can create named queries by using a properties file, annotations, or the orm.xml file.
If we need to create complex SQL queries, we can map the query results into objects by using SQL result set mapping.
We should use named queries only if we don't have a choice OR we are refactoring an existing application to use Spring Data JPA.
The next part of this tutorial describes how we can create dynamic queries by using the JPA Criteria API.
I followed your example for @NamedNativeQuery with a parameter, using analogy of title = 'title' in the query.
I am on Java 8, spring data jpa 1.8.0-release.
Do you pass this parameter to your query method as a method parameter? If so, you need to specify the name of the parameter by using syntax: :name_of_the_parameter. You can specify the name of the parameter by using the @Param annotation.
On the other hand, if you want to specify the parameter value in the query string, you should be able to add it to your SQL query (like I did in some of my examples). Is it possible to see your named query?
can you please add some example for join query to fetch the data from two tables .
This article describes how you can create joins with JPQL.
Great content, Petri! Thank you for taking the time to write such helpful examples. Well done!
Thank you for writing such a great and helpful Spring data Jpa tutorial. I was searching for long long time for this kind of content for Spring data JPA Concept.
Thank you for your kind words. I really appreciate them. Also, it was nice to hear that this blog post was useful for you.
In article I not find any clear description how to use native named query with .properties file. May be I miss something (the article quite large) I thought and tried with sources.
No marketplace entries found to handle maven-antrun-plugin:1.7:run in Eclipse.
I tried to fix, but not find any solution with STS (or Eclipse). I think Spring project should be compatible with STS. Right? Could you check and provide fix?
What I am trying to do is use named query defined as Spring property, but not with .properties file. I want to use XML instead, as large SQL requests in one line is hard to read.
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'advertisementRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.data.mapping.PropertyReferenceException: No property xmlNativeQuery found for type Advertisement!
Any way thanks for your great work, it just need some update I guess.
Take a look at the section titled: Using a Properties File.
This is a known Eclipse problem. You can try to solve this problem by following these instructions.
The PropertyReferenceException states the Advertisement entity doesn't have a property called xmlNativeQuery. Unfortunately it's impossible to say what is wrong because you didn't include the source code of your repository interface and the relevant entities :( Can you show the source code of these files to me?
Hi, if I have two orm.xml files, how could I specify which one the dbconfig class should use?
could you please help me to solve out this matter?
Unfortunately I don't know the answer to your question. That being said, I suspect that you have to change the configuration of the used JPA provider. When I did a quick Google search, I found this StackOverflow question that provides some possible answers to your question. Note that I haven't tested any of them => I have no idea whether they work or not.
Hi, very useful resource. I'm using it time to time.
"@Query(nativeQuery = true)" is not enough to use nativeQuery (native query has not mapped by method name for me), but it was fixed in case of using "@Query(name = "myNativeQueryName", nativeQuery = true)".
If you are using a named native query, you have to indeed configure the name of query. This is described in the next part of this tutorial, but it seems that the Spring Data team has made some changes to Spring Data JPA because I wasn't aware that you can replace the @NamedNativeQuery annotation by simply setting the value of the @Query annotation's name attribute.
Thank you for pointing this out. I will take this into account if I decide to update this tutorial in the future.
Best tutorial on the internet for newbies to use named queries.
I am developing Spring boot + Spring Data JPA and developing some complex queries. I am sure how we can execute the JPQL query from the tool which was possible in Hibernate project?
You can generate SQL queries from the method names of repository methods, use the @Query annotation, use the JPA Criteria API, or use Querydsl. I recommend that you read all parts of my Spring Data JPA Tutorial because it helps you to use these techniques.


text:
Adam Stier
Writer of both fiction and nonfiction, Adam covers a wide array of subjects and genres. He is a columnist for sites such as therichest.com, cracked.com, huffingtonpost.com and other mixed media sites. Adam earned double bachelor degrees in Journalism and English for the University of Washington, after which he worked as a copyeditor for five years. He is now a freelance writer specializing in web content and design. Adam lives in Portland, Oregon.
How to Build Online Presence for Your Business With Branding
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Why Online Presence Is Necessary and How to Research Customer Demographics


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