Bruising occurs when trauma to your body ruptures capillaries near the surface of your skin, allowing blood to leak out into the surrounding tissues. As the bruise ages, the blood is broken down and reabsorbed. The byproducts of this breakdown cause the bruise to turn a variety of shades as it heals. Although vitamin K plays a role in blood clotting, easy bruising is unlikely to be sign of vitamin K deficiency. Therefore, vitamin K supplements are generally not helpful for treating easy bruising.
Vitamin K is named for the German word "koagulation," which translates to "coagulation" in English. Coagulation refers to the blood clotting process. Vitamin K plays a critical role in the formation of the proteins involved in blood clotting. This nutrient also plays a role in bone health. Other functions of vitamin K in the body remain under investigation.
A severe vitamin K deficiency may cause symptoms related to increased bleeding. These can include nosebleeds, heavy menstrual periods, bloody gums and easy bruising. Properly prescribed vitamin K supplements may help decrease your bruising if you have a true vitamin K deficiency. However, if your bruising is caused by anything else, increased vitamin K intake is unlikely to help your condition. Vitamin K deficiency is quite rare. Not only is this nutrient is readily available in common foods, like broccoli and dark green lettuce, it is also produced by bacteria that inhabit your gastrointestinal system.
Everyone experiences the occasional bruise. But if your bruises seem excessive, frequent or appear with no known cause, consult your doctor. Bruising may be a sign of a serious problem related to blood clotting. Other factors that can increase your tendency to bruise include the use of blood thinning drugs such as warfarin (Coumadin) or aspirin; use of certain dietary supplements; and use of corticosteroids, which can cause thinning of the skin. As you grow older, you may notice an increased tendency to bruise, as aging capillaries and thinning skin make you more vulnerable to bruising.
Two small studies have concluded that topical applications of vitamin K might be helpful in relieving bruising caused by laser skin treatments used for cosmetic purposes. In 2002, the "Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology" published results of a study that showed decreased severity of bruising when vitamin K was used after laser treatment. A 2010 study published in the "British Journal of Dermatology" reached a similar conclusion. However, the American Cancer Society notes that these studies are preliminary, stating the results were not significantly different from those seen in people who used a cream with no active ingredient. The Society explains that more research is needed to determine whether topical vitamin K may have a role healing skin bruised or damaged by cancer treatment.


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The Trader, Part 2
Updated Aug. 2, 1999 12:01 am ET / Original Jan. 20, 2020 9:10 am ET
A uto stocks got hammered last week in the wake of DaimlerChrysler 's disappointing second-quarter profit report, which fanned fears about the health of the U.S. auto market, because Daimler put the blame for its profit shortfall largely on Chrysler. Daimler earned $1.53 a share in the second quarter, below the consensus estimate of $2.
DaimlerChrylser fell 12 1/4, finishing at 72 1/8 after hitting a new 52-week low of 71 9/16 Friday. General Motors was off 4 11/16 to 60 15/16 and Ford Motor fell 4 15/16 to 48 1/4, hitting its lowest level since last October. Most of the damage came Friday, when GM lost 2 13/16 and Ford lost 3 1/2.
The selloff was so steep because the DaimlerChrysler news stoked existing investor concerns about the sustainability of currently high profits at Ford and GM. In April, Ford hit a high of 68 and GM reached 78.
David Bradley, auto analyst at J.P. Morgan, said investors were spooked by comments by DaimlerChrysler co-chairman Robert Eaton that incentive levels were higher than previously thought. "GM and Ford are very cheap now. It's a good buying opportunity," Bradley says. "People are concerned the U.S. auto market is going into the tank. I don't think that's going to happen."
Ford now trades at just eight times projected 1999 profits and yields 3.5%. GM, meanwhile, fetches just seven times estimated 1999 profits. GM also has a valuable stake in Hughes Electronics (GM, Class H) that's worth $25 per GM share. Strip out Hughes and GM trades for less than five times earnings.
The auto stocks may be inexpensive, but lately they've proven to be nothing but value traps -- seemingly cheap stocks that only go lower. Wall Street clearly is afraid that auto-company profits are set to erode.
P fizer possesses the highest price/earning ratio among the major drug companies, but its multiple pales in comparison with that of biotechnology darling Genentech .
Pfizer, at 33 7/8, fetches about 42 times projected 1999 profits. There are no Street estimates available now for Genentech, but it appears to be trading at over 80 times potential current-year operating profits. Genentech earned $1.40 a share in 1998.
Genentech boasts an impressive slate of drugs, led by Rituxan and Herceptin for cancer. The company also is developing a human growth hormone for children that needs to be injected just twice a month -- a big advantage over current drugs, which need to be injected daily. Unlike Amgen , the other biotech powerhouse, Genentech doesn't face potential patent problems with any key drugs.
Yet Genentech's current valuation doesn't leave room for any setbacks. The company's profits, before goodwill amortization, are seen growing at 30% annually for the next several years. But even assuming that growth, Genentech trades for 35 times potential earnings of $4 a share in 2002. Its market value now stands at $18 billion, roughly 17 times estimated 1999 sales. Pfizer trades for less than 10 times sales.
The surge in Genentech validates the decision by Roche to buy out the minority shareholders of the biotech outfit in June. The Swiss pharmaceutical giant purchased the 33% interest in Genentech that it didn't already own for $82.50 a share. It then reissued 15% of Genentech -- some 20 million shares -- in an initial public offering at 97 on July 19. The stock opened at 118 and hasn't looked back.
Q uantum 's split this week into two tracking stocks could provide a double opportunity for investors.
The company is separating its high-growth storage systems operations from its struggling disc-drive unit to highlight the allure of the market-leading storage business.
Quantum will cease trading on the Nasdaq after Tuesday. The company's two pieces will be represented by tracking stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange: Quantum -- DLT & Storage Systems Group , and Quantum -- Hard Disk Drive Group . These two issues began when-issued trading last week. Quantum holders will get one share of the storage system tracking stock and one-half share of the hard-drive stock for each Quantum share.
The Quantum situation was highlighted favorably in this space June 7, when Quantum traded around 19. Quantum subsequently got as high as 27 but then pulled back, falling 2 7/16 to 22 5/16 last week amid concerns about the storage business's growth prospects.
The investment case for the storage systems tracking stock is that it amounts to a mini EMC at a far cheaper valuation. Quantum's storage business has benefited from the burgeoning amount of data created by the Internet and computer networks. Quantum is the leading maker of backup storage systems.
The storage-systems tracking stock ended last week at 19, roughly 13 times projected profits of $1.50 a share in the current fiscal year ending March 31. The storage business in reality may not be an EMC, but its multiple is a lot lower than EMC's 60 P/E.
The concern about the storage business stems from a 15% decline in revenues in the June quarter from the previous quarter. Michael Brown, Quantum's chief executive, tells Barron's the revenue drop partly reflected an inventory buildup at one large customer, which has since been worked down.
Investors are clearly taking a wait-and-see attitude toward the storage operations. Should the company live up to expectations, the tracking stock could trade at 20 times earnings, which would lift the shares to 30.
Quantum's disc-drive business keeps losing money amid tough industry conditions, posting red ink of 52 cents a share in the latest quarter. But the tracking stock has a modest valuation and impeccable balance sheet. The stock, which ended Friday at 7, is backed by a net cash position after debt of about $4 a share and has a book value of $9. If the disc-drive market improves, profits could materialize in dramatic fashion because of the company's operating leverage. The disc-drive stock is valued at just $600 million, less than 20% of sales.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Cruise Lines see a Tourism Advantage in Cuba and Hope Trump Doesn't Ruin It
HAVANA, March 20th (Skift) Cruise Lines See a Tourism Advantage in Cuba and Hope Trump Doesn't Ruin It'.
Unlike past years, the conversation these days is about whats happening in real-time, not some far-off future. A cruise ship sailed from Miami to Cuba for the first time in decades last May following the normalizing of relations between governments. This year, several more will visit — some on a regular basis.
At the annual Seatrade Cruise Global conference in Fort Lauderdale last week, executives were enthusiastic about the response so far, realistic about the challenges, and uncertain what the new U.S. administration will bring.
Here are some of the main points we heard during the conference.
SHIPS HAVE A UNIQUE ADVANTAGE
Some airlines are already cancelling or cutting back Cuba service because there is more supply than demand, but cruise lines are not running into that problem. One important factor: When a passenger books a cruise to Cuba, they already have a built-in room and don't have to worry about limited hotel capacity.
"I find it interesting that the cruise industry is so much in the centre of the discussion — the advantage the industry has," said Richard Fain, chairman and CEO of Royal Caribbean Cruises. "Nobody's talking about, 'Oh, this is great for the hotel industry, this is great for the airline industry.' But cruising offers an opportunity to visit ports of call, places that otherwise it would be a little more difficult to visit.
"Even though Cuba today is an insignificant part of any of our businesses, I think it says something. It will grow and eventually it will be significant to us, but I think it also says something about one of the great attributes of cruising is that we bring that whole infrastructure with us."
INFRASTRUCTURE AND REGULATIONS ARE STILL LIMITING
Roberto Fusaro, president of MSC Cruises North America, has recent experience in Cuba. His European line started basing a ship there in late 2015; it did not visit the United States and catered to Canadians and Europeans. The line added a second ship there in late 2016.
While he described the island as a "perfect destination" for its cultural heritage, nature, and beaches, he said the infrastructure is challenging.
"Havana has only one pier that can accommodate smaller vessels," he said. "It's a real challenge to get there. The air connectivity is another challenge. The transit from the airport to the port is another challenge."
Fusaro said sailing in Cuba has been a "learning experience" for the cruise operator — but one with a financial benefit.
"The returns are fantastic, but it's very challenging operationally," he said.
Camille Olivere, Norwegian Cruise Line's senior vice president of sales, said the line only has a couple of ships in the market that would be a fit for Cuba. Norwegian is sending the 2,004-passenger Norwegian Sky on four-day trips from Miami starting in May.
"I think as the infrastructure builds, you'll see all of us bring bigger, more exciting ships," she said.
Carnival Cruise Line will start sailing to Havana from Tampa in June. Christine Duffy, the line's president, said another hurdle is that going to Cuba requires a lot more from passengers. Because the U.S. embargo is still in place, Americans are still only allowed to visit Cuba for approved reasons. Most passengers go for the purpose of cultural exchange.
"A cruise that includes Cuba, there's a lot more involved," she said. "We have a lot of guests who don't have passports. You've got to have a passport."
Sister line Fathom, which will stop operating this spring, was the first to go to Cuba from America — which Duffy said has helped Carnival prepare. Still, she said, the complexity of explaining Cuba requirements to passengers has been surprising.
"It's interesting to see how many Americans really will take advantage of the opportunity to go in," she said.
BOOKINGS SHOW PENT-UP DEMAND
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings president and CEO Frank Del Rio said bookings so far have been robust for Cuban sailings. All three of the company's brands — Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises, and Regent Seven Seas Cruises — received permission to call on the island.
"I think that Cuba's going to be a home run for us," Del Rio said.
The first five sailings from Miami and Havana on Norwegian Sky that opened for sale "have sold like nothing else we've seen before," he said. Trips on Oceania and Regent sold at "meaningfully higher prices."
"We're not sure whether those meaningfully higher prices will be sustained as we add more," Del Rio said. "Havana and Cuba, in general, have been very well received by our guests."
When Oceania's Marina visited the island recently, passengers bought twice as many shore excursions than they do in any other Caribbean port, he said.
"Part of that is the pent-up demand," Del Rio said. "Also Havana has a lot to offer. It's not a typical Caribbean port."
Carnival's Duffy said she is hopeful that adding Havana will draw newcomers to cruising — even if they ultimately don't end up going to Cuba.
"All the coverage, media, has been positive overall, even for somebody that may decide 'I'm not going to go to Cuba,'" she said. "It's piqued their interest for cruising overall."
NO ONE KNOWS TRUMP'S NEXT MOVE
President Barack Obama took multiple steps to make travel between the U.S. and Cuba easier before he left office. It's unclear whether President Donald Trump will follow the model of his predecessor or take a harder stance against the Cuban government.
If cruise executives have any sense of what Trump is thinking, they didn't let on this week.
"Who knows what the administration is going to come up with?" asked Carnival Corp. president and CEO Arnold Donald. "I have no particular insight on that."
He and Del Rio both said lifting the embargo would be in the best interest of Americans and Cubans.
"I'm hopeful that the Trump administration sees the value of opening up Cuba, doing business with Cuba," said Del Rio, a Cuban native. "President Trump is a businessman before he's a politician, and I'm certain that the Trump administration is well aware of the cruise industry's position of what we would like to see going forward."
At one discussion, panellists joked — a little nervously — about what the president might do.
"He hasn't tweeted about it yet, so we don't know," Oliver said.
Duffy replied: "Let's not put it on his radar."
20/03/2017 /by Havana Live
Tags: MSC, Trump
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Trump cancels MLB deal with Cuba
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Tag Archives: Naughty Dog
Hope You Weren't Expecting A Discount For Upgrading To The Last Of Us: Remastered!
Sorry, darn near every PlayStation 3 owner out there. Some were hoping that they might be getting a discount for upgrading from the PlayStation 3 version of The Last Of Us to the PlayStation 4 version called The Last Of Us: Remastered, but Sony has officially ruled it out.
On the PlayStation EU Blog, manager Fred Dutton said the following when asked about an upgrade discount:
"Alas, there is no upgrade discount."
Well, that settles that! It's worth noting that this is only for the European side of things, but that will likely hold water for North America, as well.
There had been some discussion about giving a discount for those who already purchased the PlayStation 3 version of the game, as Sony publicly said that they were looking into the possibility. However, I think the compromise here is that, instead of getting a discount, they instead dropped the price from $60 to $50.
The Last Of Us: Remastered is set to release for the PlayStation 4 on July 29th, 2014.
This entry was posted in All, Featured, News and tagged Naughty Dog, The Last Of Us: Remastered on July 16, 2014 by Mike Guarino.
The Last Of Us: Remastered Currently Available For $49.99 On Amazon
The Last Of Us is getting the remaster treatment in the form of (you guessed it) The Last Of Us: Remastered, which will give the game updated PS4 visuals and come packed with the Left Behind DLC and Game of the Year extras.
However, the game is being sold for the full $60, so if you're planning on grabbing the game at launch then you might want to consider pre-ordering it through Amazon. If you pre-order it now you will get the game for $49.99, which Amazon will honor even if the price does get raised at some point before release.
Click right here to pre-order the game.
This entry was posted in All, Featured, News, PlayStation 4 and tagged Naughty Dog, The Last Of Us: Remastered on June 20, 2014 by Mike Guarino.
Naughty Dog Claims Making 'The Last Of Us: Remastered' Was Hell
When it was announced that Naughty Dog would be bringing The Last Of Us to PlayStation 4 via The Last Of Us: Remastered, many were skeptical about just how much effort they would be putting into this remaster. Well, judging from this interview with Edge, they went through a hell of a lot of trouble to make this thing work.
Naughty Dog creative director Neil Druckmann said the following:
"We expected it to be hell, and it was hell," he said. "Just getting an image onscreen, even an inferior one with the shadows broken, lighting broken and with it crashing every 30 seconds … that took a long time. These engineers are some of the best in the industry and they optimized the game so much for the PS3's SPUs specifically. It was optimized on a binary level, but after shifting those things over, you have to go back to the high level, make sure the systems are intact, and optimize it again.
Basically, every single thing about this game has been re-done. Which makes me very optimistic about the finished product we will be dealing with when it releases on PlayStation 4 later this year.
This entry was posted in All, Featured, News, PlayStation 4 and tagged Naughty Dog, PlayStation 4, The Last of Us, The Last Of Us: Remastered on May 19, 2014 by Mike Guarino.
Mass Effect 2 Animator Jonathan Cooper Joins Naughty Dog
Naughty Dog has just added a new person to the team: former Assassin's Creed 3 and Mass Effect 2 animation director Jonathan Cooper.
Game Informer noticed the new job role on Cooper's LinkedIn page, where he states that he has been working at Naughty Dog for the past 3 months.
This is good news for Naughty Dog, as the company had recently seen 3 major members in the company move on. Hopefully, everything settles down and they can just focus on delivering more critically-acclaimed games. No pressure, guys.
This entry was posted in All, Featured, News and tagged Assassin's Creed, Mass Effect, Naughty Dog, Uncharted on May 6, 2014 by Mike Guarino.


Competition: Junior Brass Cup, presented by Mr W.G. Miller. Open to a minimum of 3 and maximum of 8 brass instruments. Conductor not allowed. Performers under 18 years.
A programme of own choice not to exceed 10 minutes. A considerable proportion of the marks will be given for the musical value of the piece(s) chosen.


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Суперлига Греции 2003/04 годов — 45-й чемпионат Греции по футболу. Начался 23 августа 2003 года и завершился 22 мая 2004. афинский «Панатинаикос» прервал 7-летнюю гегемонию своего злейшего врага «Олимпиакоса». «Пао» оформил золотой дубль под руководством израильского тренера Ицхака Шума, став чемпионом в 19-й раз в своей истории и завоевав национальный Кубок в 16-й раз.

Турнирная таблица

Результаты матчей

Источник: www.superleaguegreece.net

Пояснения к таблице

Плей-офф

Лучшие бомбардиры
21 гол
  Джованни («Олимпиакос»)

17 голов
  Димитрис Пападопулос («Панатинаикос»)

16 голов
  Димитрис Салпингидис (ПАОК)

13 голов
  Йоргос Захаропулос («Халкидона»)
  Теофанис Гекас («Калитея»)

12 голов
  Никос Либеропулос (АЕК)
  Никос Скармуцос («Калитея»)

10 голов
  Вассилиос Лакис (АЕК)
  Никос Махлас («Ираклис»)
  Предраг Джорджевич («Олимпиакос»)

Состав чемпионов

Вратари
  Адонис Никополидис
  Константинос Халкиас
  Стефанос Коцолис

Защитники
  Яннис Гумас
  Рене Хенриксен
  Сотириос Кирьякос
  Насьеф Моррис
  Панайотис Фиссас
  Маркус Мюнх
  Юркас Сейтаридис

Полузащитники
  Раймондас Жутаутас
  Жоэль Эпалле
  Эсекьель Гонсалес
  Силвио Марич
  Пантелис Константинидис
  Лучан Сынмэртян
  Нжогу Демба-Нирен

Нападающие
  Михалис Константину
  Ян Михаэльсен
  Эммануэль Олисадебе
  Димитриос Пападопулос
  Горан Влаович
  Кшиштоф Важиха

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт
 Статистика сезона 2003/04 на сайте www.RSSSF.com

Греция
Греция
Чемпионат Греции по футболу
Спорт в Греции в 2003 году
Спорт в Греции в 2004 году
Национальные футбольные чемпионаты в сезоне 2003/2004

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Secretarybird - BirdForum Opus
(Redirected from Sagittarius serpentarius)
Page Discussion
Photo by Glazzers
Addo Elephant park, South Africa, August 2003
Sagittarius serpentarius
1 Identification
5.1 Diet
5.2 Breeding
7 Recommended Citation
125–150 cm (4 - 5 feet long); 7-foot wingspan
Multiple feathered crest
Heavily scaled lower legs
Photo by volker sthamer
Ngorongoro, Tanzania, September 2017
Sub-Saharan Africa: widespread from Senegal and southern Mauritania east to Ethiopia and western Somalia and south to South Africa. Populations crashing in some parts of its range.
Absent from the forested areas of Central Africa. Commonest in southern Africa. Resident and nomadic.
The only species in the family Sagittariidae.
This is a monotypic species[1].
Open grassland and semi-desert, Acacia woodland.
Photo by Alan Manson
Near Wasbank, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, November 2011
Their diet consists mostly of arthropods, especially grasshoppers and beetles. They also eat small amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
They are very skilled at catching snakes, including poisonous cobras and adders. All but the largest prey are swallowed whole. They walk, generally in pairs, searching for prey which they kill with a quick kick of the foot
They build a platform nest of sticks on the top of a low tree. The 2 eggs are incubated for 42 - 46 days. The young fledge between 9 and 15 weeks of age.
Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
AvianWeb
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved Sept 2017)
BirdForum Opus contributors. (2022) Secretarybird. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 17 January 2022 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Secretarybird
Search for photos of Secretarybird in the gallery
Search for videos of Secretarybird on BirdForum TV
Use Secretary Bird to Search for videos of Secretarybird on BirdForum TV
Retrieved from 'https://www.birdforum.net/wiki/index.php?title=Secretarybird&oldid=227351'


In the past week I've had three different people ask if I've been taking before and after photos of projects we've been working on around our house, mentioning that I need to record them.
I haven't done the best job at getting good photos - so angles and lighting won't be great. But nonetheless, I am going to post them.
Sometimes, when projects take long, and not all is done at once, it can seem as though not much as changed. It's really good for me to pull the old photos out, to remember what our place use to be and to see how far we've come.
But it was because of this house, and Herm's dream of moving to New York, that our paths crossed. The weekend we first met was the weekend Herm had closing on the place, the mortgage now in his name.
Our story happened fast, within 13 months we went from complete strangers to lovers, now married and figuring out what life would look like together.
Every weekend during our first year of marriage was spent on house projects, on cleaning up the yard, building shelving in the closets, painting and repainting. We were broke, to put it bluntly, so the projects were small, we did what we could, when we could.
Now, over four years later, the transformation is amazing -- and as we dream, our project list keeps on growing, even after so many things have already been checked off.
As you can see, the house really lacked depth and texture and warmth. When Herm first bought the place, his family blessed him greatly by coming to New York for a long weekend of scrubbing and painting and making the place livable. I've heard horror stories of what was scraped up around the toilet and of the grease coated liberally on the kitchen stove.
And this was after his family spent the weekend painting.
Then he married me, lover of all things neutral, so the entire place was repainted again. I also painted the cabinets and counter tops with a specialty paint from Rustoleum. Because money was tight at the time, I didn't want to spend on adding subway tile for the back-splash, so my talented sister painted the wall to look like it.
Eventually I took two cabinets doors off, so that I would be able to display cups and dishes. And most recently, we replaced all of the flooring in our house with this laminate wood floor. Good-bye ugly linoleum, later disgusting carpet!
This was right after we got married.
And this was taken today. As you can see, new paint color, new flooring, as well as a new table, butchers block bar, and bar stools -- all handmade by Herm! We are planning to change the lighting in here, make a bench for the table, and find new chairs too.
We built a fake fire place at one point. But later moved that, along with the TV screen down to our cold, damp, unfinished basement. Out of sight, and out of mind! Best decision ever, if you ask me. My husband doesn't really agree... yet.
I rearrange furniture as though it were a hobby. So the living room has boasted many different layouts. We also added a wood stove, which is our main source of heat. The photo above was taken shortly before we tore out that gross carpet I keep mentioning.
Wooden seat, awful cabinets, and a RUG by the toilet. Excuse me while I go throw up.
Not a great after photo, but it's ten times better. Just trust me.
My sister, Kate, painted the mural.
And that's it. At least for today.
Love it all! And those bars tools are amazing!! Tell Herm he should totally start selling them!
Love it! I'd be your shopping buddy all the way if I lived closer. I'm always shopping for new furniture on craiglist... Iz doesn't understand the thrill;). I've found many great leather deals, that I've let go... I'm watching for area rugs too. Painting is my hobby.. Have you discovered mistints? You should go to a horse show for the cowhide. We went to Congress in OH this summer they were very reasonable and has lots of beautiful variety. Thanks for the tour!
You've worked wonders Sarah (along with the carpentry). When do you go into business asa designer?
The little-by-little transformation of a home is so fun and rewarding! You and Herm have done a beautiful job.


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PGCE primary: Critically analyse how formative assessment may support pupils'learning. support analysis with observations and evidence from school experiences, Essay Example
PGCE primary: Critically analyse how formative assessment may support pupils'learning. support analysis with observations and evidence from school experiences,
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These are: planned formative assessments and interactive assessments. As the name suggests, planned formative assessments are those that are use to obtain tangible evidence on the way pupils think about a concept that they have been taught in class. These types of assessments are normally semi-formal and may be taken at the beginning or at the end of a certain topic. In these assessments, some assessment activities are prepared to furnish evidence that can be used to improve pupils' learning. The information that is elicited from such an activity is used to gauge the level of understanding of the students and to structure instruction so that knowledge and skill development are enhanced (Tuttle 2009).Interactive assessment takes place during the interaction process between teacher and pupil. Hall and Burke (2004) describe this assessment as the one that includes incidental and ongoing assessments which arise from learning activities and it cannot be anticipated. This means that interactive assessments can occur at any time as the teacher and pupils are interacting in a learning setting (Black, Harrison and William 2003). This assessment aims at improving learning through mediation and intervention. The teacher may notice or recognize the learner's thinking and can then respond to it appropriately. This kind of assessments is considered to be more pupil and teacher driven than it is curriculum driven. Unlike planned assessment that results in permanent information, interactive assessment accrues information that is ephemeral (Sadler 1998). This means that the teacher can identify weak areas in the child's learning and correct them quickly so as to avoid accumulated misconception on the learner's side.Formative assessments can be in the form of observations, worksheets, pop quizzes, journals and diagnostic tests. Observation involves the instructor making observations about students' progress as they go about a certain project (Black and William 2003). Worksheets can be used by the teacher in the form of homework to assess areas in the students' learning that need modifications (Tuttle 2009). Pop quizzes can be used as formative assessments to gauge the level at which students comprehend a certain concept. Reflective journals are also ideal for use as tools of formative assessments as they can be used to gauge what pupils think about a topic and how well they comprehend
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Pages: 13 (3250 words)
Subject: Education
Assessment in a Large Urban Primary School
How does a mainstream school support new arrivals
UK PRIMARY EDUCATION: ICT TO SUPPORT AND ENHANCE LEARNING AND TEACHING OF PRIMARY MATHEMATICS
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How Does Effective Questioning Contribute to Pupils Learning. Give Classroom (Primary) examples to support your answers
Evidence and support for your claim
Embedded Formative Assessment
How to support an area of personalised learning in the primary classroom Children with ADHD disorder
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The Tanzania Airport Authority (TAA) will be adding another airport levy onto flights from 1 October to fund security improvements at the country's airports.
The Citizen reports that the fee will be different for local and international arrivals - Sh5 000 (about R30 at Sh158,13/R) for domestic and $5 (about R72 at R14,45/$) for international flights.
While international passenger may not feel the increase as much, airlines will have to pay the levy on behalf of their customers for flights after the implementation date that's been booked ahead of time.
The new levy is earmarked for security improvements, including buying modern metal detectors, and while the Tanzania Air Operators Association (TAOA) told The Citizen they are happy with the fee, they are concerned about the lack of time given to airlines to adjust their ticket prices to include the new levy.
Currently, departure taxes on aircraft in Tanzania is Sh13 000 (about R82) for domestic and $49 (about R707) for international, passenger service charges are Sh10 000 (about R63) and $40 (about R577) respectively, and landing charges are levied at $5 (about R72) for every 1000kg of an aircraft's weight.
Earlier this year stamp duty on air tickets at Zanzibar was dropped to make air tickets cheaper.
The Serengeti National Park is unmatched when it comes to the annual migration of over 1.5 million white-bearded wildebeest and 250 000 zebra across the Serengeti ecosystem in the Mara and Simiyu regions. The area is also famous for its numerous Nile crocodile and honey badger.
Located in the northern part of the country, this is a long-extinct volcano crater that offers up spectacular wildlife experiences. Well-organised great migration itineraries will see your journey across the Great Rift Valley and through the Crater Forest and over the rim of the Ngorongoro Crater.


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Home › Coconut by Florence Olajide
Coconut by Florence Olajide
Why am I not white like everybody else?' Nan came and sat on the edge of my bed. 'What do you mean?' A tender finger brushed against my cheek. 'Well, everyone in this house is white. Why am I Black? 'A generation of Nigerian children were born in Britain in the fifties and sixties, privately fostered by white families, then taken to Nigeria by their parents. Coconut is the story of one of those children.
1963, North London. Nan fosters one-year-old Florence lajide and calls her 'Ann.' Florence adores her foster mother more than anything but Nan, and the children around her, all have white skin and she can't help but feel different. Then, four years later, after a weekend visit to her birth parents, Florence never returns to Nan. Two months after, sandwiched between her mother and father plus her three siblings, six-year-old Florence steps off a ship in Lagos to the fierce heat of the African sun.
Swapping the lovely, comfortable bed in her room at Nan's for a mat on the floor of the living room in her new home, Florence finds herself struggling to adjust. She wants to embrace her cultural heritage but doesn't speak Yoruba and knows nothing of the customs. Clashes with her grandmother, Mama, the matriarch of the family, result in frequent beatings.
Torn between her early childhood experiences and the expectations of her African culture, she begins to question who she is. Nigerian, British, both? Florence's story is an unputdownable tale of loss and loneliness, surviving poverty, maltreatment and fighting to get an education. Most of all, it's a moving, uplifting and inspiring account of one woman's self-determination to discover who she is and find her way to a place she can call home.
Perfect for fans of Lemn Sissay's My Name is Why and Tara Westover's Educated.


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Richard Korn's Flakes, Supporting the "Genocide"
One of the countless gullible and/or bigoted suckers who got taken by pro-Armenian claims was criminologist-scholar Richard R. Korn. We've all seen detective shows where the investigator looks at every little clue before arriving at conclusions regarding who the killer is. By the way Dr. Korn examined the story behind the Armenian "Genocide," it is shocking that he might have been recognized as an expert in the criminology field. He only took the word of the accuser, and he conducted no independent research whatsoever. (So it would appear — unless his prejudices were so thick, he dismissed the counter-evidence out of hand. That would have made him worse than simply incompetent.)
The following analyzes Dr. Korn's rubber stamp "Armenian" conclusions from his article, "Turkey's Genocidal Crime and Silence — Mass-Murder of the Armenian People"; the piece was written for the Institute for the Study of Genocide (at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY. Genocide-gaga Helen Fein has been the executive director since 1987... she's one of the two "genocide scholars" who threatened "to publicize Microsoft's censorship," when Microsoft wanted to remove Helen's favorite G-word from her Armenian "genocide" entry written for Encarta. Microsoft backed down, and the episode was unethically publicized anyway..!)
Dr. Richard Korn (1923-2002)
ADDENDUM: Further reading revealed Korn was technically a professor in the Sociology Department at John Jay College of Criminal Justice... so while my analysis below (written earlier) refers to him as a criminologist (which is what I read elsewhere; for example, once he had taught at Berkeley's School of Criminology) looks like his real claim to fame was in sociology — just like Vahakn Dadrian and Taner Akcam, and so many other pseudo-historian Armenian "genocide" fanciers. (Korn's criminology experience was mainly in the area of penal reform.) He actually co-founded the Institute for the Study of Genocide in 1984, with Simon Wiesenthal.
Prof. Korn seems like he was a pretty good fellow overall, compassionate over the rights of people not always regarded as equal human beings, like the Japanese during his days of fighting in WWII, and American blacks. As a card-carrying liberal, the one "less equal human group" he saved his venom for... in typical liberal fashion... was the Turks. (I, Holdwater, feel more at home with liberal thought... although hypocrisy must be pointed out wherever encountered.)
Korn's article may be read at http://www.cwis.org/fwj/21/tgc.html
All we need to do is look at Dr. Korn's reference section to see how one-sided this so-called scholar was. A real scholar would take a balanced approach, consulting diverse sources, and not simply partisan ones.
Richard Korn had a Ph.D. Now we know the value of that; it's admirable for anyone to work hard enough to earn an advanced degree. But the advanced degree in itself does not prove either how smart or how fair a person can be.
The problem with these emotional "genocide scholars" is that most do not have their training in history. Korn, as mentioned, was a criminologist.
Look at the way he gets his tainted facts wrong.
"Under the supervision of the central government, between 800,000 and 1,200,000 Armenians were murdered."
Estimates of the Ottoman-Armenian population
There is no proof the central government was involved. And an average of one million Armenians couldn't have died if one million survived (as Armenians say), and the pre-war population ranged from 1-1.6 million, according to the bulk of non-Armenian sources. (And some even Armenian.)
All the Armenians who died were not "murdered." How naive and silly of the late Dr. Korn to have thought so. The bulk died from the same reasons that claimed their fellow Turks: famine, disease, bad weather, and combat. Ambassador Morgenthau wrote "thousands were dying from lack of food and many more were enfeebled by malnutrition; I believe that the empire has lost a quarter of its Turkish population since the war started," because every man was needed at the fronts to contain the desperate country from invasion... and few farmers could be spared.
Genocidal Proof!
Did I say there was no proof? Perhaps I spoke too soon... Dr. Korn gives us a Talat Pasha telegram. ("...The Government will regard the feeding of such [Armenian] children or any attempt to prolong their lives as an act entirely opposed to its purpose, since it considers the survival of these children as detrimental.")
Yes, the poor "scholar" actually gave credence to the forgeries of Aram Andonian. Is that the kind of painstaking attention he paid while engaging in criminal study, to accept evidence at face value?
Another forged telegram, as pictured above, had Talat Pasha say: "Kill every Armenian woman, child and man without concern for anything." Some fools believed in these faked documents all the way back in 1920, but how could any fool believe in them during contemporary times?
"Witnesses" Who Never Witnessed
Korn cited the typical "witnesses, including foreign observers and diplomats." None of these people witnessed anything, except dead bodies. Dead bodies covered the landscape of the dying empire, and do not prove a genocide. HOW did these dead bodies become dead... that should be the critical question asked of any good criminologist. Did they die of famine or disease? If they were massacred, who massacred them? Ottoman troops? Or Kurds, Arab bandits, or individual Turks... many who were out for revenge, for what the Armenians had done to their families?
The "foreign observers" were mostly missionaries, out of their minds with anti-Turkish prejudice. The same could be said for most of the diplomats, bred with the notion that the Turks were less than human. Some had a propagandistic agenda, like Henry Morgenthau and his consuls... looking to get the USA into the war.
He unintelligently tells us the Allies promised to punish the perpetrators, but "In the sordid horse-trading which followed the allied victory, none of these promises were carried out." Of course... how could he have heard of the Malta Tribunal, the "Nuremberg" of WWI? The presumptuous scholar only considered pro-Armenian sources. Fact is, the British tried desperately to convict the 144 Turks they had imprisoned for over two years. They couldn't find any evidence, even with all the Ottoman documents available to them in Allied-occupied Istanbul.. and they had to let every Turk go free, for lack of evidence.
Turkey Strongarms the World
Korn gives us only one side of the story of the 1982 Israeli conference, alluding to Turkish pressure to ban the Armenians. Now, what kind of power could Turkey have possibly had to influence Israel, especially before the days of the two countries' current alliance? It was the Israelis who were troubled by the Armenians, and that's why their participation was limited. This was during the heated days of Armenian terrorism, when groups like ASALA were killing people right and left.
Korn was appalled at the idea that the United Nations Commission on Human Rights removed a paragraph on the fake genocide, once the Turks and others objected. (The others being Pakistan, Italy, France, Tunisia and the United States. Is Turkey such an all powerful country that it could influence nations such as these? Especially in 1971?)
If the paragraph tarnishes the honor of a nation by making a terrible accusation for which there is no proof... did Dr. Korn think the accused party would have had no right to insist on its removal? Anyone would think that goes against one of the basic grains of criminology.
Hitler once again the Armenians' great moral witness
Dr. Korn actually goes on to repeat the words Hitler likely never said that is reproduced in just about every Armenian "genocide" article. Embarrassing.
We are naively reminded "The Armenian murders were soon to be emulated. By 1933 the Soviet Union had liquidated between 5 and 15 million people in the Ukraine." By the word "emulated," it appears the amateurishly jumping-at-conclusions criminologist preferred for his reader to believe the Soviets were inspired by the Turks' awful example. Did the biased "scholar" bother to look into the 5 million Turks/Muslims who were expulsed by Tsarist Russia and the 5.5 million who were slaughtered... well before and including the WWI years? A good criminologist should study events of the past, in order to come up with studied conclusions.
He really shows his ignorance when he writes, "Up to the time of Turkey's genocidal crimes against Armenians, the lower limit of state-perpetrated atrocity was defined by occasional massacres and pogroms." Incredible.
What about the crimes of his own nation, the United States? Perhaps from 200,000 to 500,000 Filipino civilians (not soldiers) were wiped out when the USA was occupying the Philippines, a few years before "1915." (In all likelihood, making this episode the first genocide of the 20th century... negating the claim pro-Armenians love to put forth as their "genocide" being the first.) Many Filipinos believe up to a million of their people were murdered.
"KILL EVERY ONE OVER TEN"
All you say about the Philippines, the conflict there between the Americans, military and civil, and the pig headedness of the military and their habits of setting "bulldogs to catch rabbits" is immensely cheering to me, because it is precisely what we are doing in South Africa. --Rudyard Kipling
And look at this utterly simplistic and shameless conclusion:
"It was Turkey's acts of genocide which made the Holocaust thinkable and morally possible."
Quite the contrary, the Germans had already been on record before 1915 with their tendency to mass murder. Another "genocide of the 20th century" that preceded 1915 was when German colonialists rubbed out perhaps 70% of the Herero people, in southwest Africa.
WHICH GENOCIDE INSPIRED THE GREEKS?
When George Horton, Christian missionary in Smyrna and a Turcophobe of no small distinction (author of "The Blight of Asia"), asked a Greek about reports of wholesale massacres carried out by Greeks against Turks in Western Anatolia during 1921-22, the answer that he got was that Greek actions were modeled after the punitive expeditions carried out by U.S. forces in the Philippines between 1899-1905. (Horton, George "The Blight of Asia" 1926. reprint Sterndale Classics, London. 2003. p 60.)
Nick's essay, "Telling a Good Story"
If the "Armenian Genocide" inspired the Holocaust as Dr. Korn ridiculously asserts, why didn't it inspire the Greeks? Particularly since the "Armenian Genocide" was so much fresher in memory and close to the Greeks' part of the world, in 1921?
Korn then attempts to give credence to a 1984 "Tribunal" where the jury consisted of characters such as Richard Hovannisian, Gerald Libaridian, Christopher Walker, Tessa Hoffman and several Armenian survivors. I'm sure Judge Roy Bean would have been envious with the objectivity demonstrated by that particular "court."
Unfortunately, misled and prejudiced people like the late Richard Korn are the rule in this debate, stemming from the pro-Armenian perspective. And not the exception.
He will forever remain on record with his embarrassingly simplistic and defamatory observations, once the world comes to accept the real truth of this equation. The truth always has a way of prevailing.


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BethesdaBusiness
Bethesda's ProShares Provides Way for Investors to Profit From Decline In Price of BitCoin
ProShares to Launch the First U.S. Short Bitcoin-Linked ETF on June 21. BITI will offer investors the opportunity to potentially profit when the daily price of bitcoin declines, with the convenience, cost-efficiency, and liquidity of an ETF.
ProShares, a premier provider of ETFs and the largest provider of bitcoin-linked ETFs in the country, headquartered in Bethesda, plans to publicly launch the first short bitcoin-linked ETF in the United States tomorrow. Per the press release: The ProShares Short Bitcoin Strategy ETF (NYSE Ticker: BITI) provides a way for investors to potentially profit from a decline in the price of bitcoin or hedge their cryptocurrency exposure with the convenience of an ETF. BITI is designed to address the challenge of acquiring short exposure to bitcoin, which can be onerous and expensive for many investors.
"As recent times have shown, bitcoin can drop in value," said ProShares CEO Michael L. Sapir. "BITI affords investors who believe that the price of bitcoin will drop with an opportunity to potentially profit or to hedge their cryptocurrency holdings. BITI enables investors to conveniently obtain short exposure to bitcoin through buying an ETF in a traditional brokerage account." BITI is designed to deliver the inverse (opposite) of the performance of the S&P CME Bitcoin Futures Index. It seeks to achieve its objective on each investment day and for no other period. BITI seeks to obtain exposure through bitcoin futures contracts.
For investors who prefer a mutual fund, ProFunds, the affiliated mutual fund company of ProShares, plans to launch Short Bitcoin Strategy ProFund (BITIX) tomorrow. The BITIX mutual fund will have the same investment objective as BITI. In October 2021, ProShares launched BITO, the first U.S. bitcoin-linked ETF, and attracted more than $1 billion in assets from the public in just two days. That made it the most successful launch in the history of the ETF industry. ProFunds launched the first bitcoin-linked mutual fund, BTCFX, in July 2021.
"With the additions of BITI and BITIX, ProShares and ProFunds will be the only fund families in the U.S. offering funds that allow investors to express their view on the direction of bitcoin—no matter whether they believe the price will go up or down," Sapir added.
About ProShares
ProShares has been at the forefront of the ETF revolution since 2006. ProShares now offers one of the largest lineups of ETFs, and along with its affiliates manages $55 billion in assets. The company is the leader in strategies such as dividend growth, interest rate hedged bond, thematics and geared (leveraged and inverse) ETF investing. ProShares continues to innovate with products that provide strategic and tactical opportunities for investors to manage risk and enhance returns.
Investors could potentially lose the full value of their investment within a single day.
The ProShares Short Bitcoin Strategy ETF seeks a return that is -1x the return of its underlying benchmark (target) for a single day, as measured from one NAV calculation to the next, and not for any other period. Due to the compounding of daily returns, holding periods of greater than one day can result in returns that are significantly different than the target return. The Fund's returns over periods other than one day will likely differ in amount and possibly direction from the target return for the same period. These effects may be more pronounced due to the high volatility associated with this Fund's benchmark. Investors should monitor their holdings as frequently as daily. Investors should consult the prospectus for further details on the calculation of the returns and the risks associated with investing in this product.
There is no guarantee the Fund will achieve its investment objective. This Fund may not be suitable for all investors.
Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. The Fund is non-diversified and entails certain risks, including risk associated with the use of derivatives (e.g., futures contracts and similar instruments), imperfect benchmark correlation, leverage and market price variance, all of which can increase volatility and decrease performance. to The Fund should lose money when the daily price of bitcoin futures rises. Please see their summary and full prospectuses for a more complete description of risks.
Bitcoin and bitcoin futures are a relatively new asset class and the market for bitcoin is subject to rapid changes and uncertainty. Bitcoin and bitcoin futures are subject to unique and substantial risks, including significant price volatility and lack of liquidity. The value of an investment in the ETF could decline significantly and without warning, including to zero.
The ETF does not invest directly in or hold bitcoin. The price and performance of bitcoin futures should be expected to differ from the current "spot" price of bitcoin (the price of bitcoin that can be purchased immediately). These differences could be significant. Bitcoin futures are subject to margin requirements, collateral requirements and other limits that may prevent the ETF from achieving its objective. Margin requirements for futures and costs associated with rolling (buying and selling) futures may have a negative impact on the fund's performance and its ability to achieve its investment objective.
Bitcoin is largely unregulated and bitcoin investments may be more susceptible to fraud and manipulation than more regulated investments. Bitcoin and bitcoin futures are subject to rapid price swings, including as a result of actions and statements by influencers and the media, changes in the supply of and demand for bitcoin and bitcoin futures contracts and other factors.
Carefully consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of ProShares before investing. This and other information can be found in the ETF's summary and full prospectuses. Obtain them from your financial professional or visit ProShares.com. Read them carefully before investing.
Shares of any ETF are generally bought and sold at market price (not NAV) and are not individually redeemed from the fund. Your brokerage commissions will reduce returns
ProShares ETFs (ProShares Trust and ProShares Trust II) are distributed by SEI Investments Distribution Co., which is not affiliated with the funds' advisor or sponsor.
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Deciding MomentsAna
All VideosBy Topic– HIV Testing– PrEP– HIV Treatment & Care– MpoxBy Campaign– #AskTheHIVDoc– Deciding Moments– Empowered– #HIVBeats– Knowledge Is Power (Animated)– Speak Out– Stay Connected. Stay Healthy– Together Ending HIV– We Are Family
Hi my name is Ana and I'm married with two kids and I'm from Texas. About six years ago, after my daughter was born, I got tested for HIV at a clinic. I decided to go get tested because I just felt that it was my responsibility and up to me to take care of myself and to get tested. I went to the clinic and that's how i found out I was HIV positive. It was very devastating because I was only 26 at the time. And I didn't know what to do with myself. I think everybody has that moment where you react and you lash out and you ask God, "Why me?" My deciding moment was feeling inside of this rush of empowerment, that I was going to be here. I can do this. I can be there for my kids. I can see them grow up. Being able to teach them a valuable lesson which is love yourself and take care of yourself and protect yourself at all times. Everything that I've ever wanted to do, I would still be able to do, only I would take medication for the rest of my life. I am strong. HIV and AIDS can't be cured but you can live and be happy. I'm Ana and this is my deciding moment. Share your deciding moment at greaterthan.org
Ana found out that she had HIV when she was 26 years-old, just after the birth of daughter. She was devastated. Ana's Deciding Moment was when she felt a rush of empowerment and she knew that she was going to be there for her kids. She was going to be able to do everything that she had wanted to do before, but now she will just need to take medicine. She realized that HIV was not going to hold her back from being the mom and woman that she set out to be.
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Microsoft reveals your true age!
It's no secret celebrities spend thousands upon thousands of dollars on maintaining their looks.
From bloody 'vampire facials' to placenta serums and of course plastic surgery - the fountain of youth runs deep.
But an app is now trying to cut through all the cosmetics to determine exactly how old a person looks based on a picture.
The website, called How old do I look, it allows people to analyse any image found on Bing, Microsoft's search engine, or upload their own.
It even allows users to search for celebrities - and see what Microsoft thinks their real ages are.
'This may be hard to believe but it took a couple of developers just a day to put this whole solution together, starting with the pipeline from the web page to the Machine Learning APIs to the real time streaming analytics and real time B,' said Microsoft.
It designed to site to show off the capabilities of its cloud server software.
It revealed the site today at its annual Build developers conference in San Francisco.
'We wanted to create an experience that was intelligent and fun could capture the attention of people globally, so we looked at the APIs available in the Azure Machine Learning Gallery,' it said.
The system works by analysing 27 points on the face.
Called face landmarks, they are a series of specifically detailed points on a face; typically points of face components like the pupils, canthus or nose.
'These attributes are predicted by using statistical algorithms and may not always be 100% precise.


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Lazy theorizing and useless macroeconomics
15 Sep, 2016 at 15:03 | Posted in Economics | 6 Comments
In a new, extremely well-written, brave, and interesting article, Paul Romer goes to frontal attack on the theories that has put macroeconomics on a path of 'intellectual regress' for three decades now:
Macroeconomists got comfortable with the idea that fluctuations in macroeconomic aggregates are caused by imaginary shocks, instead of actions that people take, after Kydland and Prescott (1982) launched the real business cycle (RBC) model …
In response to the observation that the shocks are imaginary, a standard defence invokes Milton Friedman's (1953) methodological assertion from unnamed authority that "the more significant the theory, the more unrealistic the assumptions." More recently, "all models are false" seems to have become the universal hand-wave for dismissing any fact that does not conform to the model that is the current favourite.
The noncommittal relationship with the truth revealed by these methodological evasions and the "less than totally convinced …" dismissal of fact goes so far beyond post-modern irony that it deserves its own label. I suggest "post-real."
There are many kinds of useless 'post-realeconomics held in high regard within mainstream economics establishment today. Few — if any — are less deserved than the macroeconomic theory/method — mostly connected with Nobel laureates Finn Kydland, Robert Lucas, Edward Prescott and Thomas Sargent — called calibration.
Paul Romer and yours truly are certainly not the only ones having doubts about the scientific value of calibration. In Journal of Economic Perspective (1996, vol. 10) Nobel laureates Lars Peter Hansen and James J. Heckman writes:
It is only under very special circumstances that a micro parameter such as the inter-temporal elasticity of substitution or even a marginal propensity to consume out of income can be 'plugged into' a representative consumer model to produce an empirically concordant aggregate model … What credibility should we attach to numbers produced from their 'computational experiments', and why should we use their 'calibrated models' as a basis for serious quantitative policy evaluation? … There is no filing cabinet full of robust micro estimats ready to use in calibrating dynamic stochastic equilibrium models … The justification for what is called 'calibration' is vague and confusing.
Mathematical statistician Aris Spanos — in Error and Inference (Mayo & Spanos, 2010, p. 240) — is no less critical:
Given that "calibration" purposefully foresakes error probabilities and provides no way to assess the reliability of inference, how does one assess the adequacy of the calibrated model? …
The idea that it should suffice that a theory "is not obscenely at variance with the data" (Sargent, 1976, p. 233) is to disregard the work that statistical inference can perform in favor of some discretional subjective appraisal … it hardly recommends itself as an empirical methodology that lives up to the standards of scientific objectivity
In physics it may possibly not be straining credulity too much to model processes as ergodic – where time and history do not really matter – but in social and historical sciences it is obviously ridiculous. If societies and economies were ergodic worlds, why do econometricians fervently discuss things such as structural breaks and regime shifts? That they do is an indication of the unrealisticness of treating open systems as analyzable with ergodic concepts.
The future is not reducible to a known set of prospects. It is not like sitting at the roulette table and calculating what the future outcomes of spinning the wheel will be. Reading Lucas, Sargent, Prescott, Kydland and other calibrationists one comes to think of Robert Clower's apt remark that
much economics is so far removed from anything that remotely resembles the real world that it's often difficult for economists to take their own subject seriously.
As Romer says:
Math cannot establish the truth value of a fact. Never has. Never will.
So instead of assuming calibration and rational expectations to be right, one ought to confront the hypothesis with the available evidence. It is not enough to construct models. Anyone can construct models. To be seriously interesting, models have to come with an aim. They have to have an intended use. If the intention of calibration and rational expectations is to help us explain real economies, it has to be evaluated from that perspective. A model or hypothesis without a specific applicability is not really deserving our interest.
To say, as Edward Prescott that
one can only test if some theory, whether it incorporates rational expectations or, for that matter, irrational expectations, is or is not consistent with observations
is not enough. Without strong evidence all kinds of absurd claims and nonsense may pretend to be science. We have to demand more of a justification than this rather watered-down version of "anything goes" when it comes to rationality postulates. If one proposes rational expectations one also has to support its underlying assumptions. None is given, which makes it rather puzzling how rational expectations has become the standard modeling assumption made in much of modern macroeconomics. Perhaps the reason is that economists often mistake mathematical beauty for truth.
But I think Prescott's view is also the reason why calibration economists are not particularly interested in empirical examinations of how real choices and decisions are made in real economies. In the hands of Lucas, Prescott and Sargent, rational expectations has been transformed from an – in principle – testable hypothesis to an irrefutable proposition. Believing in a set of irrefutable propositions may be comfortable – like religious convictions or ideological dogmas – but it is not science.
So where does this all lead us? What is the trouble ahead for economics? Putting a sticky-price DSGE lipstick on the RBC pig sure won't do. Neither will — as Paul Romer notices — just looking the other way and pretend it's raining:
The trouble is not so much that macroeconomists say things that are inconsistent with the facts. The real trouble is that other economists do not care that the macroeconomists do not care about the facts. An indifferent tolerance of obvious error is even more corrosive to science than committed advocacy of error.
I find the most disturbing thing that Romer says in his paper is on page 20 in the last paragraph.
He says: "This price is lower for me because I am no longer an academic."
Pages could be written about this.
It makes you wonder about intellectual integrity of the academic class.
He implies in the next few sentences that access to professional journals and receipt of professional honours is tied to towing the line.
Comment by Henry— 17 Sep, 2016 #
We're not going to get anywhere until we produce a full real-time simulator. Those who think they are too difficult need to spend a bit of time playing multi-player computer games in simulated worlds until the penny drops.
A simulator is the Large Hadron Collider of economics. Without it you can't possibly know what the effect of policies are, or see what happens if you remove the straitjacket of mainstream economics from central bank policy and the like.
A spreadsheet with half a dozen simultaneous equations demonstrates nothing. You need much more than that.
Comment by NeilW— 16 Sep, 2016 #
"We're not going to get anywhere until we produce a full real-time simulator."
What, like the holodeck on Star Trek?
Syll writes there is always the possibility that there are other variables – of vital importance and although perhaps unobservable and non-additive, not necessarily epistemologically inaccessible – that were not considered for the model.
There is always the possibility that important variables were unconsidered. Not sure it helps if you call the model a simulator.
The economy is the model.
Comment by The Arthurian— 17 Sep, 2016 #
Every hypothesis which is consistent with observation is a member of the set of hypotheses consistent with observation.
Science isn't about adding hypotheses to the set with more cleverness. Science is about removing hypotheses from the set with more observation.
Comment by Michael Robinson— 15 Sep, 2016 #
More recently, "all models are false" seems to have become the universal hand-wave for dismissing any fact that does not conform to the model that is the current favorite.
Another obvious statement remarkable for being made by a mainstream economist. "The universal hand-wave" indeed.
Comment by KM— 15 Sep, 2016 #
I'm not crazy about Romer's precise formulation, but "Amen!" to the spirit of the point. And yet there is a cottage industry in so-called "robustness analysis" of models in economic theory that assumes, astonishingly, the exact opposite.


Darmstadt will face St.Pauli at their Merck-Stadion am Bollenfalltor to play the next game of the 2.Bundesliga.
Darmstadt are thirteenth in the table. The hosts earned nineteen points after eighteen games.
St.Pauli possess the third place. The guests have thirty-four points after the same matches.
St.Pauli won over Darmstadt in the first H2H meeting.
St.Pauli demonstrate a successful performance. We guess the guests will win again.
Here you will find the FOOTBALL prediction for the match of Darmstadt & St. Pauli of the 2nd Bundesliga, Germany. The prediction is prepared by our analytical team and is based on the latest news of the 2nd Bundesliga, Darmstadt and St. Pauli stats and lineups, insider news and our team's expert analysis. We publish our free betting tips and FOOTBALL predictions to help you win more. You can use the information from this Darmstadt - St. Pauli match preview for your own purposes. The odds are valid at the moment of publication.


text:
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furry food for thought
fursuits
Featured: Digging Up Positivity - October 2020 - Hello there and welcome to October's episode of Digging Up Positivity. This month we have a whole bun…
South Korean legislators want dog meat legalized
Posted by MelSkunk (Melissa Drake) on Mon 31 Dec 2001 - 09:03
Dog meat, a long time traditional food of many cultures, has been outlawed in Korea, but legislators want to push a bill to change that. They say the lack of regulation leads to the inhumane killing and unsanitary handling of dogs in markets currently, which in turn is the primary target for the animal activists against the practice. The opposition to the bill is not only comming from Western animal rights people, but humaine groups in the country as well. Similar bills have been unsucessful.
Micah's Only Note: Yikes.
Deuce — Mon 31 Dec 2001 - 13:45
While this is certainly repugnant to most people in the West, I still don't see what's intrinsically wrong with this bill.
Pigs are arguably smarter on average than dogs, but we have no trouble with using them for food, so intelligence can't be the issue.
I wouldn't *like* seeing dogs on the menu either, but that's because I'm from a culture that sees dogs as pets and companions - not because of anything special about dogs themselves. IMO this is not sufficient grounds for condemning this bill being put forth in a different country with a different culture.
MelSkunk — Mon 31 Dec 2001 - 17:12
I'd like to personally note that I hope my reporting on the subject was sufficiently objective enough. I personally object to the handling of MOST food animals in markets in the far east. Their treatment of snakes for food and potions, for example, is repugnant in it's cruelty. Cultural values is no suffient excuse for the cruel handling of animals.
Melissa "MelSkunk" Drake
Anon — Mon 31 Dec 2001 - 19:30
So to clarify, your quarles are merely with the treatment of animals intended for use as foodstuffs, not with decisions reguarding which species are classifyed as such? Thats understandible, and I think most would agree(IMO raising a fuss about what species another culture sees as food would be nothing short of a double standard for most)
"Soylent Green is People!"
"Not exactly. We just use the vegitarians; it's the natural order of things"
"Oh. Umm, ok... I'm going to move over there now..."
SwiftfootCheetah — Mon 31 Dec 2001 - 22:07
The handling of food animals in the USA isn't a great deal better in a lot of cases. The conditions that egg hens live in, for example, are simply deplorable.
While I agree that the handling of animals in the far East are far from exemplary, we are also not in a position to throw stones. The United States needs to crusade for improvement of the quality of life for food animals at home as well as abroad.
MelSkunk — Tue 1 Jan 2002 - 01:11
Ahh, but I'm Canadian, so we don't count ;D (joke)
Feren — Tue 1 Jan 2002 - 22:13
Then you're already a step ahead of us in the U.S. Remember, our honor guards can't even figure out how to fly your flag right. :p
-Feren
"We use them for divine retribution."
Anon — Thu 3 Jan 2002 - 14:26
The pointy bits face upwards, right? ;)
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Q: How to read a database view in rapidminer Does anyone know how to read a view from a database into rapidminer?  I have a connection set up to a Microsoft SQL server, and I'm using the Read Database operator, but it only shows a list of tables, not views.  The has been set up, and I can see it using Access.  The view is being worked on while I'm working in rapidminer so I need a live link to it, rather than re-creating the query in rapidminer.  Is there something I'm missing, or does rapidminer just not support views?

A: In the Read Database operator you can type in table names manually, even if they are not part of the drop down list - so just type myViewName into the drop down list. Alternatively, you can select query for the define_query parameter, and enter something like SELECT * FROM myViewName into the dialog accessible via Build SQL Query.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Insurance Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1968
Acts of the Northern Ireland Parliament
Next: Part
Latest available (Revised)
Original (As enacted)
Changes over time for: Introductory Text
There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Insurance Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1968, Introductory Text.
An Act to amend and consolidate the Assurance Companies Acts (Northern Ireland) 1909 to 1947 and otherwise to amend the law relating to insurance companies and to the carrying on of insurance business.
[4th April 1968]
PrintThis Introductory Text only
PDF This Introductory Text only
Web page This Introductory Text only
Latest Available (revised):The latest available updated version of the legislation incorporating changes made by subsequent legislation and applied by our editorial team. Changes we have not yet applied to the text, can be found in the 'Changes to Legislation' area.
Original (As Enacted or Made): The original version of the legislation as it stood when it was enacted or made. No changes have been applied to the text.


text:
AHMAD NAWAZ_
Legacy Award Recipient
AHMAD'S STORY_
Ahmad was just 14 when he survived a Taliban attack on his school in Peshawar, Pakistan by playing dead.
He was badly injured, and the atrocity saw his younger brother, his teacher, and 150 of his classmates massacred. Ahmad was brought to the UK for his treatment at Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham.
This trauma led Ahmad to use his voice in the UK and globally against youth radicalisation and to promote the right to an education for all children.
Ahmad has led a nationwide campaign launched by the UK Government called Action Counters Terrorism (ACT) to inspire young people to speak out. He has spoken at events, schools and universities, sharing his story and encouraging other young people to be change_makers here in the UK.
The journey that Ahmad has gone through from being the victim of a horrific terrorist attack to the bright, young and energetic young man that he is today having a positive impact across multiple social, educational, inter-generational and counter extremism platforms is truly remarkable.
GET TO KNOW MORE YOUNG PEOPLE CONTINUING PRINCESS DIANA'S LEGACY


Watkins, Lucy M., Lee, Adam F., Moir, James W.B. and Wilson, Karen (2017). Plasma-generated poly(allyl alcohol) antifouling coatings for cellular attachment. ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering, 3 (1), pp. 88-94.
Conformal poly(allyl alcohol) (PAA) coatings were grown on a biomedical grade polyurethane scaffold using pulsed plasma polymerization of the allyl alcohol monomer. The creation of a continuous wave polymer primer layer increases the interfacial adhesion and stability of a subsequent pulsed plasma deposited PAA film. The resulting PAA coatings are strongly hydrophilic and stable following 7 days incubation in biological media. Films prepared through this energyefficient, two-step process promote human dermal fibroblast cell culture, while resisting E. coli biofilm formation.


text:
Q: Tkinter: How to scroll an entire canvas using arrow keys? I'm writing a python application which makes use of Tkinter and it's canvas is used for drawing diagrams from a pallette. The diagrams could get pretty big and I'm currently using mouse button (ButtonPress-1) to press-hold and drag the entire canvas.
I'm having difficulty understanding how to implement scrolling of an entire canvas just by using arrow keys (keyboard Up, Down, Left and Right).
Help!

A: The xview and yview methods of the canvas are used to scroll the canvas. These are the very same methods you use to connect scrollbars to a canvas. You can scroll by "units" or "pages". "units" is defined by the canvas options xscrollincrement and yscrollincrement.
The events you want to bind to are <Up>, <Down>, <Left> and <Right>.
Putting it together, you would create bindings that look something like this:
self.canvas.bind("<Left>",  lambda event: self.canvas.xview_scroll(-1, "units"))
self.canvas.bind("<Right>", lambda event: self.canvas.xview_scroll( 1, "units"))
self.canvas.bind("<Up>",    lambda event: self.canvas.yview_scroll(-1, "units"))
self.canvas.bind("<Down>",  lambda event: self.canvas.yview_scroll( 1, "units"))

You need to make sure the canvas has focus. You can explicitly give it focus, but you probably also want a mouse click to give focus to the canvas as well:
self.canvas.focus_set()
self.canvas.bind("<1>", lambda event: self.canvas.focus_set())

Here is a complete working example:
import Tkinter as tk
import random

class Example(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, background="bisque")
        self.vsb = tk.Scrollbar(self, orient="vertical", command=self.canvas.yview)
        self.hsb = tk.Scrollbar(self, orient="horizontal", command=self.canvas.xview)
        self.canvas.configure(xscrollcommand=self.hsb.set, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)

        self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
        self.hsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew")

        self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        for i in range(100):
            x = random.randint(0, 1000)
            y = random.randint(0, 1000)
            width = random.randint(10, 50)
            height = random.randint(10, 50)
            fill = random.choice(("red", "orange", "yellow", "green", "blue", "violet"))
            self.canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x+width, y+height, fill=fill)

        self.canvas.configure(scrollregion = self.canvas.bbox("all"))

        self.canvas.bind("<1>",     lambda event: self.canvas.focus_set())
        self.canvas.bind("<Left>",  lambda event: self.canvas.xview_scroll(-1, "units"))
        self.canvas.bind("<Right>", lambda event: self.canvas.xview_scroll( 1, "units"))
        self.canvas.bind("<Up>",    lambda event: self.canvas.yview_scroll(-1, "units"))
        self.canvas.bind("<Down>",  lambda event: self.canvas.yview_scroll( 1, "units"))

        self.canvas.focus_set()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = tk.Tk()
    Example(root).pack(fill="both", expand=True)
    root.mainloop()


text:
/* @flow */

import type {Interrupt} from './interrupt';

export type ReadResult = number|null|Interrupt;
export type ReadParam = (() => ReadResult) | string | Array<number> | null | void;

export function makeReadFunction(read: ReadParam): () => ReadResult {
  if (typeof read === 'function') {
    return read;
  } else if (typeof read === 'string') {
    const s = read;
    const sLen = s.length;
    let i = 0;
    return () => i < sLen ? s.charCodeAt(i++) : null;
  } else if (Array.isArray(read)) {
    const a = read;
    const aLen = a.length;
    let i = 0;
    return () => i < aLen ? a[i++] : null;
  } else if (read == null) {
    return () => null;
  } else {
    throw new Error('Invalid read option type');
  }
}

export type WriteResult = void | Interrupt;
export type WriteParam = ((value: number) => WriteResult) | Array<number> | null | void;

export function makeWriteFunction(write: WriteParam): (value: number) => WriteResult {
  if (typeof write === 'function') {
    return write;
  } else if (Array.isArray(write)) {
    const a = write;
    return n => {
      a.push(n);
    };
  } else if (write == null) {
    return () => {};
  } else {
    throw new Error('Invalid write option type');
  }
}

export function makeMemory(cellSize: number, cellCount: number): $TypedArray {
  switch (cellSize) {
  case 8:
    return new Uint8Array(cellCount);
  case 16:
    return new Uint16Array(cellCount);
  case 32:
    return new Uint32Array(cellCount);
  default:
    throw new Error('Invalid cell size: '+cellSize);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Dokuz Eylül University Graduate School of Social Sciences Maritime Business Administration Department was established in 1993. Under the roof of this Department, Marine Tourism Masters Program started in 2005-2006. The program aims to educate, improve and expertise its students who will work in the land side of marine tourism, teach them the philosophy of science. The graduates of the program will be able to carry out scientific researches and can be employed as middle or top level managers in marine tourism organizations both in public and private sector.
First Cycle (Bachelor's Degree) diploma; a minimum score of 55 from the Academic Graduate Education Entrance Examination (ALES) in the related field or GRE/GMAT equivalent; a minimum score of 50 from the Foreign Language Exams (UDS/KPDS/YDS) or TOEFL IBT/PEARSON PTE/Goethe-Zertifikat/TestDaF/DELF&DALF equivalent or a minimum score of 55 from DEU School of Foreign Languages English Proficiency Test. Transcript; a minimum score of 65 from the graduate school academic proficiency exam.
2 years, 2 semesters per year, 16 weeks per semester, 120 ECTS in total.
In Dokuz Eylül University Graduate School of Social Sciences Marine Tourism Masters Program, by the year of 2013, 2 professors, 1 associate professor, 7 assistant professors, 3 lecturers, and 3 research assistants are active in the education and research activities. Education and research related with the program are carried out in 6 classrooms, and Port operations, Logistics, Computer and Management Simulation labs. Students and academics have access to both wireless and Ethernet line internet connections and a library. The medium of instruction is Turkish.
1 Develops original solutions to the problems encountered in the field of marine tourisms and related subjects by making the best use of contemporary business administration techniques and applies these solutions by considering efficiency, effectiveness, quality, safety and ecology.
2 Leads the multidisciplinary teams, develops solutions to the complicated situations involved in marine tourism and related subjects.
3 Provides life long learning and knowledge creation on marine tourism by using technology and information processing techniques.
4 Reaches the required knowledge for marine tourism; understands and evaluates the critiques on this knowledge.
5 Acts in compliance with the requirements of total quality management principles in marine tourism.
6 Develops strategies, policies and implementation plans in the main and related fields of marine tourism.
7 Pursues national and international developments in marine tourism environment through systematic approaches and states them in written or oral form.
8 Communicates effectively with the marine tourism specialist and uses the related terminology.
9 Attends the related projects, publishes studies in national and international aspects with the academic responsibility.
10 Studies on marine tourism and related subjects.
11 Provides coordination between related authorities on marine tourism.
Graduates of Maritime Business Administration Masters Program are employed in a wide range of positions in both private and public sectors. The graduates can acquire positions in top level management of different fields of the private sector, such as marine tourism and yachting sector, passenger and cruise ship management, passenger and cruise management, marine management and marine tourism management fields. Also graduates can be employed as research assistants, lecturers, or academics in universities.
Students of the program should take atotal of 4 mandatory and 5 elective courses. The number of total electives for two semesters is 10. All elective courses are carried out by the Department. None of the courses require a prerequisite. All courses ar efor a semester. The courses in the program provide insight, skill and expertise on acquiring information about maritime businesses, researching the concepts, ideas and notions in a scientific manner, analyze and understand the data collected and keeping up with the new trends and developments in the related area of expertise.
Second Cycle (Master's Degree) Program with thesis is comprised of courses (at least 54 ECTS), a seminar (3 ECTS) and field study (3 ECTS) and thesis (60 ECTS), in total 120 ECTS credits. Students must have minimum Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of 2.50/4.00 and completed all the courses with at least CB/ S / TP grades.


New research on blind subjects has bolstered evidence that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems — one that perceives the familiar visual signals that allow us to see and a second, separate system that tells our body when it is day or night.
Researchers have long known that the eye performed both functions but until recent years it had been thought that both vision and the management of the circadian rhythm that tells us when to be sleepy and when to be alert had been done all at once through the retina's rods and cones that enable us to see.
Beginning in the 1990s, however, research in animals and in healthy human subjects indicated that though vision was handled by the rods and cones, the signals that synchronize our body clock with the sun's rising and setting are handled through a second system of light-sensitive cells, located at the back of the retina. These cells extend from the back of the eye into the brain's hypothalamus region, which manages our body's clock.
In work on healthy subjects, researchers showed that these cells were most sensitive to blue light, unlike the visual system, which is most sensitive to light in the green wavelengths. Blue light exposure was shown to be much more effective than green at resetting subjects' body clocks.
The new work, published in the journal Current Biology, examines two blind subjects, a 56-year-old man and an 87-year-old woman. Though they cannot see at all, they show none of the circadian imbalance that often accompanies blindness. Senior author Steven W. Lockley, an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Sleep Medicine, said that most totally blind people have problems with their circadian clocks, feeling sleepy and awake at times out of sync with the rest of society. It is very rare — fewer than 10 cases have been confirmed — to find subjects like those in the study whose visual system is not working but whose circadian rhythm is unaffected.
The work was conducted by researchers from Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Imperial College London, University of Oxford, Thomas Jefferson University, and City University in London. They exposed one subject to two separate light sources, one blue and one green — the peak wavelength for normal vision. They found that the green light had no effect on the presence of melatonin — the hormone that signals night time and makes us sleepy — while exposure to blue light led to a 57 percent decline in melatonin. Exposure to blue light also resulted in a shifting of the subject's body clock by 1.2 hours and increased alertness (measured by brain alpha wave activity), hearing performance, and the subject's reported sleepiness.
Researchers said that the work also indicates at least some visual sensitivity through the second system. The female subject was able to tell when a blue light was shined on her, reporting to researchers a sense of "brightness," though she was unable to detect light at other wavelengths.
A third finding shows that the pupil's contraction and dilation response to light is controlled primarily by the eye's second system. Though the woman subject's eyes were unresponsive to a short exposure to a pen light — similar to what a doctor might use in his or her office — her pupils did contract most to prolonged exposure to blue light compared to other colors.


Immediate Methods Of Victoriabrides – An Update – Rockstar Metal Works LLc.
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