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The Midlands Rocks
Dawn After Dark: Album Launch Shows + New Interview with Howard 'H' Johnson
Dawn After Dark launched their debut album over the weekend by playing not one but two shows in the historic city of Bath. Both for the band themselves and their incredibly patient fans December 4 2021 was a date to remember as more than thirty years since they started out it was possible to walk into a bricks and mortar record shop and come out with an album that captures what DAD are all about. New Dawn Rising has already received some terrific reviews (not least from our very own Peter Dennis http://www.themidlandsrocks.com/dawn-after-dark-new-dawn-rising/ ) and this most unlikely of comebacks is really starting to gather momentum. Although to call it a "comeback" does the new line-up a disservice. This is very much a current and vital band that also happens to have an interesting history; something that vocalist Howard 'H' Johnson has documented in a fascinating new book – What We Are: The Story of The Band.
The afternoon set took place at Chapter 22 Roots and Records; the retail home of the bands record label that offers vinyl old and new plus a very appealing selection of plants. This was another first as the band performed an acoustic session that ran for around 20 minutes and showcased stripped back versions of 'Nothin' Can Fulfil Me', 'Crystal High', 'Her Sleep' and 'Maximum Overdrive'. These streamlined arrangements came across well and hopefully is something they will revisit in the future, even if it meant drummer Tony Henderson had to rein in his more pugilistic tendencies.
A few hours later and it was back to more familiar territory as the Dawners took to the stage at The Bell for a full electric set that consisted of the entire album in running order and kicked off with the monumental riffing of 'Maximum Overdrive'. New members Drew Gallon and Ollie have immediately gelled with H, Tony and Russ Frame and the quintet were brimming with confidence and bravado. A vibrant 'The Day the World and I Parted Company' kept up the pace before they shifted gears with 'Dead on Time'. Something of an unfinished idea back in the day, 'Dead on Time' has been revamped into much more rounded song where the melody and groove are now fully realised. And talking of groove, the stuttering intro of 'The Groove' followed with guitarists Ollie and Russ sharing some back and forth interplay.
As they moved through the rest of New Dawn Rising, including calling card 'Crystal High' and the psychedelic infused 'Her Sleep', it is evident they are very much back in business. Their loyal following are still turning up in numbers and with the right exposure their brand of high energy rock can certainly attract a lot more admirers. The album release is just the pushing off point and a potentially exciting journey lies ahead. After an hour or so of jumping bodies and displays of sheer joy, a raucous encore of 'Is There Time' and 'No Shame' sent everyone out into the cold with a spring in their step.
To round off the weekend, MR's Dean Pedley caught up with H for a chat about all things Dawn After Dark including the recording of the album, their plans for 2022 and how much the band are enjoying being active again after all these years.
You ran a pledge campaign to cover the recording costs of New Dawn Rising. It's fair to say that the bands loyal fans really came through and supported this…
Yes they certainly did. It was one of those weird situations where we didn't quite know what the best way to go forward was. As you know these days it's a whole different world because of the way that streaming has undercut the ability to sell products and so if you are a relatively smaller band it's hard to make ends meet. Getting the offer to make the album from Chapter 22 Records was a great thing for us because we knew they understood the history of the band and what it was we were trying to achieve. The deal proposed was that they would take care of everything except for the recording costs which would be for the band to organise. From our point of view we didn't have the opportunity to go out and raise the money from touring because almost immediately after we got back together COVID hit which meant we lost the opportunity to drive some revenue from playing live. So we felt that that was the most sensible way to go about it and also judge peoples appetite for it. And as you say thankfully a lot of people stepped up and chipped in to make it possible.
And with the advances in technology you were able to get the whole thing done very quickly and efficiently. When you are in a recording studio it's a very different world now to the challenges you faced first time around. How did it compare?
We did 'The Groove' back in 1988 at a place called the Slaughterhouse where The Mission used to record and it took five days to get one track done. This time around, eleven tracks done very efficiently and to a very high standard in the same timeframe. It was hard in the 80s because there was no technology available that you could put onto a computer. And the idea of finding a way to record to a level that was going to be equal to the top bands of the day was just a pipe dream. It used to cost so much money and take forever to get the right drum and guitar sounds and was a very difficult process. Which is why, when you look back, bands would spend months and months in the studio and the reason for that is that things were so complicated. From that point of view while streaming hinders bands because making money is so difficult, producing top quality sounding material is much easier than it was back then.
The bands logo rising above the city centre skyline makes for a very striking image and of course you recorded here in Birmingham and used a local producer in Andy Taylor…
We did the album in kind of a hybrid way, a mixture of using the technology but also doing it in a proper studio with a proper producer who knew what he was doing in Andy. He is very good at being able to work under pressure and being able to get great sounds at source, and is also extremely good at mixing. One of the things that has been really noticeable from the people who have heard New Dawn Rising is that apart from the quality of the songwriting they always point out that the production quality sounds really high, and I think that is a great tribute to Andy and also that we worked very hard to make sure we were really match fit by the time we went in to the studio.
In terms of personnel yourself, Tony and Russ were joined in the studio by John Wilcox and Felix Henderson. I know they both made very important contributions to the album…
It was one of those things where the likelihood was that John and Felix would not be able to stick with the band because they are much younger than us and are at very different life stages. It was always a very open-ended arrangement with them, they were there primarily to help us out with the gig in 2019 and then they had such fun doing it they wanted to do the album.
In terms of his guitar playing John was able to lock in to exactly the right vibe, straddle the heavy rock tendencies that came from me and my background and the more alternative stuff that came from Dave and Rich. John was probably one of the few guitar players that would have been able to do that and I think it helped that his Dad had been around in the 80s and he understood those two scenes really well because he had grown up around them. Felix once said he is the only guitar player he knew who could produce a Killing Joke record and a Queen record at the same time. And that really appealed to me.
Drew and Ollie are the new members and they seem to have slotted in effortlessly and at the same time both bring different backgrounds and experiences to the band…
It was obviously an issue to make sure we got the right people in. You go on gut feel and certainly from the first time we got in the rehearsal room with Ollie and Drew the band sounded right. Ollie did a lot of touring with a band called blew in the early 90s and Drew is also very experienced and they are in the same position as us in that they are at a certain life stage where they want to be out there playing and enjoying it again. I think that both of them understand both sides of the spectrum of the heavy rock world and the alternative world which is where the band sits. We're looking forward to playing these gigs in December and it will be great to get a run of shows under our belt.
I don't want to miss him out because he is a lovely guy so say a few words about Russ, who has been around DAD for a few years now and has a long history of playing in bands with Tony…
Russ is a godsend. The reason why I think that the band sounds so much better now is primarily down to Russ. I think he has brought that rhythmic swing to the band that makes us get the best out of the songs. He is a great guy to work with, really easy going and loves playing. I can't speak highly enough about him. He'd like to think he's an alternative to Malcom Young and that's certainly not a bad place to be!
The band members no longer all live in Birmingham and in your case you aren't based here in the UK. Logistically this makes everything very different from what it was like in the 80s. How is it working out?
It's a very different thing from two points of view. Firstly, communication wise it's much easier to be separate from each other because you can ping recordings here and there. The second part of it is that when you are in your early 20's as we were first time around the gang mentality is a very important part of it and you feel that you want to live under the same roof. As you get older you realise that a band functions more efficiently when there is space because people are different; they have different attitudes about how they want to live, how they want to work and I think it's important that when we come together we are motivated to work. I think back in the 80s one of the things that contributed to the demise of the band was that we were spending too much time under each other's feet. We had the added pressure of feeling that we were always on a knife edge financially and trying to earn more money which wasn't happening; in the end it was inevitable that it all imploded. Whereas now we are much older, much wiser and have different things going on in our personal lives which is much healthier. And the idea that a bunch of guys in their 50's would all want to be living together in some kind of Young Ones house is probably not a good idea!
You and I spoke at length about the history of DAD a couple of years ago when you first reformed. (http://www.themidlandsrocks.com/back-in-the-groove-the-return-of-dawn-after-dark/ ). You've recently published a book that tells the story warts and all. Was it an enjoyable experience to revisit those times?
I had two primary goals when we restarted the band. One was to make the album and the second was to have a record of what it was like to be in a band in the 80s. Like I say at the start of the book most people write about success and whatever you thought about our band it wasn't a huge success. We got to a certain point and then imploded but there was never really a groundswell of support for us. From getting the deal with Chapter 22 to me getting kicked out was less than two years so we didn't do it properly for all that long. Writing the story itself was interesting and also Tony had collected so much amazing memorabilia that needed to be seen; you don't find that anymore because everything is digital. I'm really proud of the book and we were lucky because I have friends who are designers and my wife is a production editor so I had people who could take care of those things and enable us to produce something of really high quality.
Paul Hutton, your manager back then, mentions in the book how rock music was regimented and that hard rockers were turned off by pyramids that were part of the alternative scene. I think thirty-odd years later people are far less precious about labels being placed on bands they enjoy. Would you agree?
I would like to think that is the case because it always frustrated the hell out of me back in the day. People always wanted to go "this band is this type of a group" and it never sat very well with me. From my point of view we were a rock band, it was a really straight forward idea but an awful lot of people couldn't accept that and wanted to put us in a specific box, hard rock, alternative, goth whatever it was. I never felt comfortable being pigeon holed in that way and I suppose having reformed and made the album to my mind if you wanted a more definitive description would be to say we play like a heavy rock band that has listened to some alternative music.
You came on stage to Aerosmith and covered 'Sin City' so there was never any question in my mind that you were first and foremost a rock band.
Much as I enjoyed that tour that we did with the Nephilim in '88, and that it helped us develop a following, in some ways it was probably a drawback because people immediately thought we must be a goth band and that is about as far removed as it could get. And yet when we went out with bands like Living Color and Wolfsbane we didn't get people thinking we were a metal band. We just felt our performance and music would stand up in any environment where people enjoyed rock music.
Looking ahead to next year festivals would seem to be an ideal way to bring the band to a wider audience; is this something you are hoping to do?
We would love to play festivals. If you are involved in the music business you need to have contacts with agents and people that can push you. We have probably two inbuilt advantages in that I have some personal contacts through my music writing, and also Dean Brown from Chapter 22 works as a promoter with the likes of Balaam, Theater of Hate and Craig Adams. It's in everybody's interests to promote New Dawn Rising and festivals would be a great opportunity. I think we will probably find out once the albums out and we've done a few shows what the appetite is for that. We want to be out playing but it has to be viable. We did that thing back in the 80s of travelling in a van and playing shows for 50 quid and I'm not sure that is the most effective way to get the word out. We want to concentrate on really good support slots, doing festivals and playing shows where we know there will be an audience.
Assuming you go on to make a second album have you considered what other songs from the past might be reworked at some point?
I think there is still some stuff in there that is interesting and could work. The way that we approached New Dawn Rising was to decide amongst the old songs which ones needed a bit of a spring clean and which ones needed an overhaul. I think there is probably a lot of material that is in a less finished state but has the bare bones of very interesting stuff. There is an instrumental tape from 1991 which was after John Stevenson left that never got worked up and has some really interesting ideas. So yes, there is stuff there and certainly at some point in the future I would like to look at those. But the most important thing for us right now is to introduce people to the band and the album that we have waited thirty years to make
I suppose if there was one that I was surprised didn't make the cut it has to be 'Wild Wild Love'; this was a song you seemed to play every time I saw you.
There was a debate about it! I have mixed feelings about that song. It was always a good live tune, very fast and gets the adrenaline pumping. I personally think that DAD is a better band when a song is based around a groove and the faster songs are not as true to the spirit of the band as the ones where we lock into a groove. But that's just one opinion out of five. Tony comes from a background where he has played in punk bands so I suspect he quite enjoys the ones that are played at breakneck speed!
I was always very disappointed with the two songs that were the B Sides to the original release of 'Maximum Overdrive'; I though the songs were good but the production was rank. So those are two songs that have a lot of potential, particularly 'Dreamstress' because Ollie has a slightly psychedelic vibe to his playing and that would be an interesting song to see what he could do with. From our point of view we have got plans to write new material and make new music but there is a lot of life in an album. We have got at least 12 months of work before we would even think about the next one. The good thing is there is an appetite within the group to do it.
So after more than three decades with New Dawn Rising you finally have an album that looks great, sounds great and is set to launch Dawn After Dark into a very exciting new era…
The big question we asked ourselves was not if we could record material that sounded better than it did back in the day; it was whether we were going to be as good as we wanted to be. My main aim was that I was able to produce something and could go "this is a really good representation of what DAD is all about". And to be able to do that after so long away is really satisfying. It's a record I am really proud to stand behind and I think as a rock record it stands up to anything else that is out there.
New Dawn Rising was released via Chapter 22 Records on 4th December 2021
Dawn After Dark play the following shows:-
18th December, 2021 Hope and Anchor
London (SOLD OUT)
28 Dec 2021 O2 Institute2
Birmingham (very special guests of Balaam & The Angel)
29 December, 2021 Esquires
Bedford (very special guests of Balaam & The Angel)
30 December, 2021 Patterns
Brighton (very special guests of Balaam & The Angel)
Photos from Acoustic Gig by Jae Taylor
Band Promo Photo by Chris Hill
Many thanks to Dean Brown of Chapter 22 and Angel Promotions
Dean Pedley
Recommended Festivals
Next Midlands Gigs
Quireboys
Scarlet Rebels
Bad Touch
Bringing you all things that rock across the Midlands and beyond since 2009.
© All rights reserved The Midlands Rocks 2018


The AGF has compiled a range of Vehicle and Driver Safety information and advice, including links to related websites. This information has been provided in order to assist entities to meet their obligations under the Work Health and Safety Act 2011.
Information sourced from Lumley Insurance, NRMA [ ] and Australian Automobile Association [ ].
Fatigue is thought to be potentially as serious an issue as alcohol in Australia.
Fatigue is a major killer on our roads and a factor in 20% of fatal crashes.
A recent study by the Centre for Sleep Research in South Australia revealed that if you have been awake for 17 hours then drive, the risk of crashing is as great as being at the 0.05 legal drinking limit.
Driving after 24 hours without sleep gives you the same risk as someone with a blood alcohol level of 0.1.
Take regular breaks on long journeys. Plan to stop for at least 15 minutes every two hours.
It is estimated that speed is a factor in around 1 in 5 serious crashes. This increases to around 40% for fatal crashes.
Research suggests that travelling at 65 km/h in a 60 km/h zone doubles your chance of having a crash that injures someone. At 70 km/h, the risk increases 11 times.
Stopping distances increase at a higher rate when the speed increases. For example, even though 80 km/h is 25% faster than 60 km/h, the stopping distance increases by nearly 70%.
An article published by the National Roads and Motorists' Association (NRMA) titled Lethal Weapons states 'small things unsecured in your car can turn into life threatening projectiles'.
A typical deceleration in a severe crash is at least 20 times the force of gravity, making the potential impact of an object 20 times its weight. This means a one litre bottle of water packs a 20 kilogram punch in a sudden stop.
Station wagons and hatchbacks are particularly dangerous, and unless a cargo barrier is fitted, the only safe way to transport goods in these vehicles is by using the tie down hooks or by using a cargo net.
The Australian Government Fleet recommends the fitment of cargo barriers in station wagons and like vehicles.
It is the responsibility of a driver to ensure safe control of their vehicle at all times. Using a mobile phone while driving is distracting and increases the risk of an accident by as much as four times.
Using a hand held mobile phone is also illegal when your vehicle is stationary but not parked (i.e. when stopped at traffic lights). Drivers who break this law can face on-the-spot fines and incur demerit points.
For experienced drivers, the use of a hands-free phone can be legal in defined circumstances. However, the rules concerning hands-free devices can vary between States and Territories.
Drivers must ensure that any hands-free unit complies with the rules and regulations of their relevant jurisdiction.
A hands-free device can reduce the physical effort to make and receive calls, but it doesn't necessarily make it safe to use a phone while driving. It is illegal to use a hands-free phone while driving if it causes a person to lose proper control of a vehicle. The penalty is a significant fine and the loss of demerit points.
Remember, if you don't have proper control of your vehicle while using a hands-free unit, you are guilty of an offence.
In reality, the use of a hands-free phone can distract from the careful control of a vehicle, just as hand-held phones can. Therefore, the safest way to use a hands-free phone is to stop the vehicle before making or receiving calls.
Employers must ensure that their employees drive safely and within the limits of the law. It is essential an employer provides a safe working environment.
A vehicle's windows should always be clean, both inside and out. The driver should also ensure the mirrors are clean and positioned correctly for their height. If the vehicle is fitted with a reversing monitor, the driver should check it is functioning correctly.
Prior to entering the vehicle, the driver should check the surrounding area for obstacles, pedestrians, animals and small children who may be playing nearby. Wherever possible, the driver should clear the area of danger. When driving commercial vehicles with high bodies or stacked loads, the driver should be aware of overhead objects such as awnings or bridges and ensure their vehicle will fit safely underneath. If hit, these may damage the vehicle or injure people nearby. When reversing a heavy vehicle, the driver should ensure the ground surface is strong enough to carry the vehicle's weight.
If, after checking the surrounding area, a driver is still unsure about reversing safely, they should ask for help. The guide should be positioned so that they are easily seen and are safe from other vehicles.
The driver should always reverse slowly, looking both ways so that all areas of potential danger are visible. In congested areas, a driver should sound the horn to alert others of their intention to reverse.
Wherever possible, drivers should avoid reversing onto busy roads. Sometimes reversing is unavoidable, however, it is safer to reverse from the roadway into an intended car space because the driver can then proceed forward to re-enter the traffic. Reversing into traffic is more dangerous than reversing out of it!
Extra care should be taken when reversing at night or when vision is limited by weather conditions. Reverse lights, brake lights and indicators can be used to illuminate the rear of the vehicle. If the driver still has trouble seeing, they should get out of their vehicle and check the surrounding area again.
Truck drivers should be aware that they may not be able to see the rear of their trailer, especially if reversing to the left. If it is possible to reverse to the right, a truck driver should do so as they will have a clearer view of the trailer.
Drivers should avoid reversing long distances. If the driver reverses further than intended, it is safer for them to drive around again rather than reverse. Remember, there is no right of way when reversing.
Before reversing an unfamiliar vehicle, the driver should practice reversing in a safe area to get a feel for the vehicle.
Reversing sedans and trucks can be difficult. Drivers must be aware of potential hazards and follow the reversing rules. By doing so, they will minimise the chance of having a reversing collision.
If conditions are below average - for example rain, snow or loose gravel surface - the required stopping distance will increase.
When driving behind a vehicle, always adhere to the three second rule. The three second rule stipulates that three seconds must pass between the time the vehicle in front passes a stationary object to when the vehicle behind passes the same object. This allows for an extra three seconds of braking time, should it be needed.
For example, when the first vehicle passes a particular telegraph pole, those in the second vehicle should be able to count "1001. 1002. 1003" before their vehicle reaches that pole. If the vehicle reaches the point prior to 1003, the speed of the following car should be adjusted accordingly. If driving at night, in adverse conditions or if driving a commercial vehicle, this distance should be increased to four seconds.
A driver should glance in their rear-vision mirror every five to ten seconds. That way, they will be aware of what is happening behind their vehicle in case they have to stop suddenly.
If a vehicle is not following the three second rule, the vehicle in front should not increase its speed, above the speed limit, to gain the three second distance. Instead, it should gradually slow down and move over to the left hand lane. This will allow the other vehicle to overtake at the first safe opportunity.
Drivers should be aware of the traffic flow at least three vehicles ahead. This enables them to anticipate what may happen and react accordingly.
When stopped at an intersection or traffic jam, a vehicle should remain at least two metres behind the one in front. That way, it is possible to move forward if the vehicle travelling behind is not able to stop in time. Remaining two metres behind could also prevent a vehicle being pushed into the car in front should that vehicle have been hit from behind.
When traffic flow recommences after stopping, a driver should allow three seconds after the vehicle in front starts to move before recommencing their journey.
Both the hand and foot brake of a vehicle should undergo safety checks regularly. A faulty brake might mean the difference of a vehicle being able to stop in time.
While ABS brakes are a great safety device they do not necessarily stop a vehicle quicker in emergency braking. A driver whose vehicle has ABS brakes should still follow the rules outlined above.
Following these procedures will not guarantee the avoidance of a rear end collision, however the risk of having this type of collision will be reduced.
Before embarking on a country or outback journey, a full service of your vehicle should be undertaken.
The service should take place at least two days before departure. That way, if repairs are needed, they can be completed before you leave.
Before leaving, lodge your trip details with a responsible relative or friend. Obtain advice on road closures in and around the area you plan to drive and seek advice from tourist centres on distances between towns. That way, you can make allowances for the amount of fuel and water you will need to carry.
The long distances between country towns and the vast stretches of road in Australia's outback can lead to driver fatigue. To avoid this, you should stop and rest, for at least 15 minutes, every two hours and never drive at the time you would normally sleep.
In rural and country areas, it is common for animals to wander onto the road. If you see an animal, slow down and prepare to stop. Many collisions are caused when swerving to avoid animals so drive with caution, especially at dawn and dusk.
Road trains often travel in outback areas of Australia and can be up to 55 metres long and 2.5 metres wide. If a road train is oncoming, slow down, pull over and let it pass. From time to time, you may also encounter farming vehicles. Be aware that they are often much wider, longer and slower than they appear.
Many country roads are unsealed. If driving on an unsealed road, slow down and be aware of hazards such as sand, loose gravel, potholes and dust. A reliable map should advise the location of unsealed roads.
If you break down on a country or outback road, the most important thing is to keep calm, remain with your vehicle and wait for assistance. Never stray from your vehicle as the weather can change with little warning.
ensure your seat is the right distance from the pedals. If you are driving a manual, your left leg should be almost straight when the clutch is fully depressed. When driving an automatic vehicle, your left leg should be almost straight when your foot is on the footrest located next to the brake. With your shoulders resting against the back of the seat, adjust your seat so that your wrists sit on top of the steering wheel when your arms are fully extended.
The main aim of the headrest is to support and protect your head and neck in an emergency situation. To ensure it provides maximum protection, the top of the headrest should be level with the top of your head or, at a minimum, above eye level. With the seat correctly in position and the headrest set as above, there should be very little space between the head and the headrest.
Seatbelts are the primary and most effective means of injury prevention in a motor vehicle collision. The driver and passengers of a motor vehicle that is moving - or is stationary but not parked - must always wear a seatbelt. If a passenger is too young to wear a seatbelt, they must be restrained in an approved child restraint. Ensure the seatbelt is properly adjusted and fastened before starting the motor vehicle.
Adjust your mirrors so that all areas surrounding the vehicle are easily observed by slight head and eye movement. To be certain of what is going on around the vehicle, a driver should glance in their mirror/s every five to 10 seconds.
Wherever possible, the driver should keep both hands on the steering wheel. To find the correct position to hold the wheel, picture the steering wheel as a round clock. Place your left hand on the number "nine" and your right hand on the number "three". The palms of your hands should face inwards and your thumbs upwards. You will keep your hands in this position for most driving conditions. However, do not cross your hands over each other. Instead, feed the steering wheel through one hand alternatively to the other. After turning or completing a U-turn, never allow the steering wheel to straighten up by itself.
Airbags are an excellent addition to seatbelts in saving lives and preventing serious injury. However, when activated, an airbag will open at approximately 200km per hour. If your hands are incorrectly placed on the steering wheel, the force may throw your hands back causing serious facial damage. To lessen the risk of injury, keep your hands at three o'clock and nine o'clock wherever possible.
the tyre tread is within acceptable levels.
Lumley Insurance recommends the tyre pressure be four to six PSI above the manufacturer's recommendations. It is estimated we would save five to 10 percent on our national fuel bill if everyone used higher tyre pressure. A tyre pressure that is below recommendation will reduce tyre life and will greatly increase stopping distance.
We hope the above techniques will assist you in becoming a safer driver and ensure your vehicle is as safe to drive as possible.
The inspection should take place at least two days before departure. That way, if repairs are needed, they can be completed well before you leave.
If you are new to 4wd vehicles and planning to use your vehicle off road we recommend you attend a formal training course. These types of courses show the driver how to use the vehicle safely on varying terrains.
Lumley Insurance claims data shows many claims occur in 4wd vehicles due to driver inexperience.
The four wheel drive's centre of gravity can rise dramatically. Therefore, all heavy equipment should be placed low in the vehicle and the lighter things up top. The driver should also avoid using the vehicle's roof-racks as loading them may lead to vehicle instability.
If the vehicle is overloaded, non-essential items should be given to other vehicles travelling with the party or left behind.
Before leaving, trip details should be lodged with a responsible relative or friend and advice on track closures and fire bans, in and around the area they plan to drive, obtained. As most States have legislation restricting the use of vehicles in certain areas, the driver should check with the relevant Government department before heading off-road. They should also gain permission from owners of private property if they plan to use their land.
The speed limit must always be adhered to. If a speed limit is not available, a fully laden 4WD should not be driven more than 90 km per hour on sealed roads, or 75 to 80 km per hour on gravel roads or similar surfaces. The faster a vehicle is travelling, the longer the stopping distance required. For example, a vehicle travelling at 120 km per hour, (with all things equal) will need four times the stopping distance required than a vehicle travelling at 60 km per hour. This distance increases with a full load.
If planning to drive, the driver should avoid alcohol and drugs. Drugs, including prescription drugs, can affect one's driving. The driver should seek medical advice on whether their medication will adversely affect their motor vehicle driving skills.
All drivers have a duty of care when it comes to the environment. They should respect flora and fauna – stopping to look but never to disturb. Gates and fences are there to keep livestock off the road. If the driver opens a gate, they must ensure it is closed behind them.
Burning or burying rubbish also disturbs the environment, therefore drivers should always take their rubbish with them. In dry areas, always check for flammable material underneath the vehicle. Ensure sticks have not become wedged in and around the chassis and remove insects and other matter from the radiator.
On terrain where there are no defined tracks, it is better for vehicles to travel side-by-side rather than in single file. Doing so may reduce damage to vegetation that can tolerate only light traffic.
Before towing, seek advice from a four wheel drive equipment dealer. It may be necessary, depending on the load being carried, to have the suspension and chassis of a caravan or trailer adapted for off-road driving.
If planning to tow a caravan off-road, select the smallest van possible. If towing more than five metres in length, it may become difficult to negotiate the terrain. The driver should also expect and be prepared for a 10 to 20 percent increase in fuel consumption when towing.
The driver should always keep to formed tracks. When approaching unfamiliar terrain, be sure to get out and check it. This particularly applies to water, mud, sand and snow where the vehicle is at higher risk of becoming bogged. If driving over sand, follow existing wheel tracks, as they already will have compacted the sand. If the sand is soft, tyre pressure should be reduced to gain better flotation.
The four wheel drive should be driven up and down slopes using a "square on" approach. Travelling across the face of a slope creates a higher risk of rolling the vehicle. If in any doubt about the correct gear to use for a particular surface, always choose the lower one. When travelling in a convoy on sealed roads, the distance between vehicles should not be less than three seconds of time or five seconds on unsealed roads.
The driver at an intersection with a stop sign (or unbroken line) must come to a complete stop before giving way to all traffic in, entering and approaching the intersection.
The driver at an intersection with a give way sign must give way to all traffic in, entering and approaching the intersection.
This driver will have right of way if another driver at the intersection has a stop sign.
When approaching a 'T' intersection that does not have any traffic lights or signage, the driver turning left or right from the terminating road must give way to any vehicle travelling on the continuing road.
any vehicle travelling on the driver's right.
These rules apply unless a stop or give way sign affects the driver of an approaching vehicle. If two oncoming vehicles are turning right at an intersection the vehicles should pass in front of each other.
The driver must give way to vehicles already in the roundabout. For more information on the use and rules of roundabouts refer to Lumley Insurance Superior Driving Techniques - Using Roundabouts.
Drivers must always give way to pedestrians. When approaching a pedestrian crossing the driver must drive at a speed at which they can, if necessary, stop safely before the crossing.
adhere to the instructions of a person carrying a hand held stop sign.
When there are no marked lines, the driver who is merging must give way to any vehicle that is ahead of theirs. If lines are marked, the driver who is changing lanes must give way to all traffic in the other lane.
the bus displays a give way to buses sign.
The driver must always give way to a police or emergency vehicle that is displaying a flashing blue and red light or sounding an alarm.
Lumley Insurance has merely provided an overview of the rules relating to right of way and give way in this brochure, however it's the driver's duty of care to know and adhere to all national road rules.
The Anti-Lock Braking System is activated when pressure is applied to the brake pedal. It continues whilst pressure is maintained and increases in intensity when force is applied suddenly. The system prevents a vehicle's wheels from locking up enabling the driver to maintain control of the vehicle.
If you brake hard in a vehicle without ABS, the wheels can lock and the vehicle may skid out of control. ABS prevents this by rapidly locking and unlocking the wheels via sensors that monitor lockup.
When braking with ABS a driver must maintain firm pressure on the brake pedal and should not release it until the vehicle has stopped or the danger has passed. If pressure is relaxed, the brakes are released and the vehicle's momentum increases.
This is normal and means the system is working.
It is important to be aware of other vehicles on the road. The driver of a vehicle equipped with ABS could be sharing the road with other, much older, vehicles.
It would be unreasonable to expect these older vehicles to brake as well as a newer vehicle. If an emergency situation arises, a vehicle fitted with ABS may avoid a collision by stopping or steering to safety, but unfortunately older vehicles may not be able to do the same.
It is better to avoid an emergency in the first place by maintaining awareness, a safe following distance and a "comfort zone" around your vehicle.
Do not think you will avoid a collision just because you have ABS brakes.
ABS won't stop you any quicker. It is important to note that ABS will not always shorten the braking distance. With this in mind drivers must always maintain a two to three second following distance in the dry and a three to four second following distance in the wet.
The slightly better braking efficiency provided by ABS will not be of much benefit if you are travelling too close to the vehicle in front.
Good tyres and correct tyre pressure help stopping and control, so conduct regular checks.
Correct tyre pressure will improve stopping distance, tyre life and fuel economy. An expert tip is to maintain tyre pressure around 6KPI (40KPA) higher than the manufacturer's recommendation. By doing this the ride may be a little bumpier, but it will help you stop faster and will provide a buffer allowance for the load you may be carrying.
Avoid collisions by maintaining a safe following distance.
To maximise the ABS in an emergency, press the brake pedal hard and fast and keep the pressure on until the vehicle stops or is safe.
Ensure your vehicle is serviced regularly, your tyres are in good condition and the tyre pressures are correct.
We hope you never have to use ABS in an emergency situation, but if you do, by reading this brochure and attending a defensive driver-training program you will be prepared.
Whether the road surface is smooth, rough, gravelled, wet, dry, wide or narrow.
Bicyclists or pedestrians walking on the road's edge.
Whether it is raining, foggy, snowing, windy or dusty.
When necessary, to avoid accidents.
To alert other drivers and animals of your presence. Tap your horn to alert another driver, who might otherwise turn in front of you.
If a driver is going slowly, and you want him or her to drive faster. The driver may be ill, lost, intoxicated or having problems with the vehicle.
If slowing or stopping your car will prevent an accident. It's safer to use the brakes than honk the horn.
To show other drivers that they made a mistake. Your honking may cause them to make another mistake.
Because you're angry or upset.
If you plan to turn just beyond an intersection, start signalling when you are in the intersection.
Hold the steering wheel tightly, and keep the vehicle going straight.
Take your foot off the accelerator and use the brakes lightly.
Do not stop on the road if at all possible. Pull off to the side of the road in a safe place.
levels of the other wheels.
If you find yourself being followed while driving, try to keep calm and maintain your driving skills. Go to the nearest Police station, petrol station or well lit convenience store. Only leave your car when you feel the threat has passed. Report the incident to the police.
Be prepared in case of breakdowns or trouble.
Carry a pen and paper, a torch, a phone card or mobile and emergency numbers with you at all times.
It is also a good idea to invest in a personal alarm for safety reasons. A cheaper alternative is a whistle to blow and attract attention if you are in danger.
assistance, ensure the car is secure and go to the nearest phone.
Have your keys ready to open the car, rather than rummaging through your bag or pocket to find them.
If it is dark, have someone accompany you to your car. Try to avoid unsecured multi-story car parks.
Never double park or park in a clearway.
On a sloping driveway, turn the wheels so the car will not roll into the street if the brakes fail.
Headed uphill, turn your front wheels away from the curb and let your vehicle roll back a few inches. The back of the front wheel should gently touch the curb. Set the parking brake.
Headed either uphill or downhill and there is no curb, turn the wheels so the car will roll away from the centre of the road if the brakes fail.
Always set your parking brake and leave the vehicle in gear.
Use your high beam lights when driving in rural areas and on open highways away from urban and metropolitan areas.
If you are driving with your high beam lights, you must dim them before coming within 200m of any oncoming vehicle so the oncoming vehicle is not blinded by the glare.
When following another vehicle, you must use your low beam lights, with your fog lights off, if you are within 200m of the vehicle ahead.
Never look directly into an approaching car's headlights. As the car draws near, watch the left edge of your lane, noting the position of the oncoming car out of the corner of your eye.
When driving through fog at night it is best to use your low beam lights and fog lights, if you have them. In this situation driving with high beam lights on is like shining your lights on a mirror.
Be alert to vehicles, particularly darker vehicles, travelling after sunset without their headlights on.
Don't try to "get back" at another driver by keeping your high beam lights on if they haven't turned theirs to low beam. If you do, both of you may be blinded.
Fog lights should NOT be used unless driving in fog or other hazardous weather conditions causing reduced visibility.
night, especially after midnight. You may not see hazards as soon, or react as quickly, so your chances of having a crash are greater.
If you are sleepy, the only safe cure is to get off the road and get some sleep.
Get at least a normal night's sleep before you start.
Don't take any drugs that can make you drowsy.
Don't drive long hours, and try not to drive late at night.
Take regular rest stops, even if you are not tired.
Keep shifting your eyes from one part of the road to another. Look at objects near and far, left and right.
Try chewing gum or singing along with the radio.
Roll your window down, and get some fresh air.
If you are tired all the time and fall asleep often during the day, ask your doctor to check for a sleep disorder.
On a long and uneventful drive, it's sometimes easy to find yourself staring down the middle of the road, as if you're in a trance. In such times, it's important to remind yourself to keep your eyes moving and scan the scene. Take in the whole scene – If you only look at the middle of the road, you will miss what is happening on the side of the road and behind you.
Cars and people that may be on the road by the time you reach them.
Watch for hazards – Look beyond the car ahead of you.
Don't develop a "fixed stare."
Check you rear-view mirrors every two to five seconds so you know the position of vehicles near you. On a highway or freeway, be ready for changes in traffic conditions.
Watch for signals from other drivers.
Expect merging vehicles at on-ramps and interchanges.
Be prepared for rapid changes in road conditions and traffic flow.
Know which lanes are clear so you can use them if necessary.
Never drive off the paved or main-travelled portion of the road or on the shoulder to pass a vehicle. Also, passing other vehicles at crossroads, railroad crossings, and shopping centre entrances is dangerous.
Watch for any sway or possible hazards, such as crosswinds or slippery curves.
Be aware that sudden braking might cause the trailer to jack-knife.
Use extreme caution while passing a trailer and the towing vehicle, it may take almost a kilometre or more of clear roadway to safely pass.
When reversing a car, straight truck, or bus, turn the top of the steering wheel toward the direction you want to go.
When reversing a trailer, upon starting to reverse, you turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction.
Once the trailer starts to turn, you must turn the wheel the other way to follow the trailer.
Whenever you back up with a trailer, try to position your vehicle so you can reverse in a straight line. If you must reverse on a curved path, reverse to the driver's side so you can see.
Reverse slowly. This will let you make corrections before you get too far off course.
Use the mirrors. The mirrors will help you see whether the trailer is drifting to one side or the other.
Pull forward. When reversing a trailer, re-evaluate and move forward if necessary to reposition your vehicle as needed.
The most common motorist caused car-bicycle or car-motorcycle collision is a motorist turning right in front of an oncoming bicycle or motorcycle. Drivers may fail to see cyclists or may fail to judge the speed of oncoming cyclists.
As a driver, remember to look for cyclists at the left side of the lane or on the shoulder and then look again. Make sure you see any cyclists and know their speed before you make your right turn.
If you are aware of the effect of the below conditions and drive with care and attention, you can help reduce motorcyclist injuries and fatalities.
small, and they can easily disappear into a vehicle's blind spots.
Allow a four-second following distance. You will need this space to avoid hitting the motorcyclist if he or she falls.
Allow the motorcycle a full lane width.
When you make a turn, check for motorcyclists, and know their speed before turning.
Remember that road conditions that are minor annoyances to you pose major hazards to motorcyclists. Potholes, gravel, wet or slippery surfaces, pavement seams, railroad crossings, and grooved pavement can cause motorcyclists to change speed or direction suddenly.
between two lines of moving or stationary vehicles.
If you're behind a car that's stopped at a pedestrian crossing, don't pass around it. A pedestrian you can't see may be crossing.
For example, if you've both been waiting to make a left turn and the light has just turned green, don't jump to the conclusion that the driver in front of you didn't notice the light change. There may be someone crossing the street on foot who is out of your sight line.
Avoid driving at dawn and dusk and a few hours after dark in areas populated by wildlife as this is when animals are more likely to be moving around and feeding.
Keep alert in areas likely to be populated by wildlife. Be cautious, scanning both the road ahead and the roadsides. Get any passengers to help and pay attention to any warning signs (eg Kangaroos next 10km). Be aware of traffic behind you, as well as oncoming traffic.
Throwing food scraps out of your car is illegal and it may also attract wildlife to feed on the sides of roads, increasing the risk of injury.
Some animals may act unpredictably, so where possible, give them plenty of time and room to move off the road when passing them. Brake safely and, if necessary, sound your horn in a series of short bursts, then drive slowly past the animal.
Always maintain full control of your vehicle. Sometimes, it may be impossible to avoid a collision with an animal if avoiding it puts yourself and other motorists in danger.
When it is raining, or the road is wet, most tyres have good traction up to about 60kph. However, as you move faster, your tyres will start to ride up on the water. This is called "aquaplaning". In heavy rain, you tyres can lose all traction with the road at around 80kph. Bald or badly worn tyres will lose traction at a much lower speed. The best way to keep from aquaplaning is to drive slower in the rain, or when the road is wet.
Ease your foot off the accelerator pedal.
Keep the steering wheel straight. Only try to turn if it's an emergency. If you must turn, do it slowly, or you will cause your vehicle to skid.
Don't try and stop or turn until your tyres are gripping the road again.
Less than one inch of water can cause a driver to lose control of a car and most vehicles can float in two feet of water or less.
If you encounter a flooded road, don't attempt to drive through it. Turn around and seek an alternative route or wait until the water subsides. Although it may look like just a few inches of water on the road, you have no idea if the road has washed away underneath providing a hazardous situation for drivers. It is also difficult to determine the depth of floodwaters.
If you vehicle stalls in rising flood water, and you can safely do so, abandon it immediately and seek higher ground. Rapidly rising water may engulf the vehicle and it occupants and sweep them away.
Once vehicles begin to float they move toward deep, faster-moving water where escape is even more dangerous and top-heavy vehicles may roll over. Deaths often occur because people mistakenly believe that vehicles provide protection from rising, swiftly moving waters.
However, if you find yourself in this situation you must make a judgment call about whether you can make it to higher ground or if you would be better off remaining with your vehicle. The only sure safety rule is to turn around and avoid flooded roadways in the first place.
Avoid already flooded areas and areas subject to sudden flooding. Do not attempt to cross flowing streams or water flowing over the roadway.
If you are driving and come upon rapidly rising waters, turn around and find another route.
Move to higher ground away from streams, creeks and flood control channels.
If your route is blocked by floodwaters or barricades, find another route. Barricades are put up by local officials to protect people from unsafe roads. Never drive around barricades. Driving around them can be a serious risk.
If you are driving in a bushfire prone area, remember to stay alert at all times. Fires can start and become dangerous quickly. If you see smoke ahead, don't delay – U-turn to safety.
Monitor district Fire Danger Ratings and daily weather forecasts.
Always carry maps of the area you're entering, and note exit routes.
Keep a woollen blanket in the car for added protection from radiant heat.
Be prepared to change travel plans to avoid bushfire prone areas on hot, dry and windy days.
Always U-turn to safety if you can.
If you can't, stay in the car. It offers better protection from radiant heat than being outside. DO NOT get out and run.
Park behind a solid structure to block as much heat as you can. Otherwise, pull into a clear area at the side of the road, if possible, away from debris and surrounding trees that may ignite.
Turn off the ignition, wind up your car windows, close air vents, turn on headlights and hazard warning lights.
Cover exposed skin as much as possible with natural fibre clothing.
Get down as low as possible below window level.
Cover up with woollen or cotton blankets until the fire front passes. If you have water, drink it.
Only get out of the car once the fire has gone.
Note: It is highly unlikely that a person will survive while sheltering in a vehicle during a bushfire but it will offer a slightly higher chance of survival than being caught in the open.
The Fleet Services Contract (FSC) includes provision for the conduct of driver training at an agreed discounted rate. Under the FSC, sgfleet can arrange driver training for personnel nominated by FSC participants through nationally accredited providers. Under the arrangement training can be tailored to address particular problems individual drivers may have.
The Department of Infrastructure and Transport [ ] provides information on a number of vehicle safety issues including standards, crash tests, recalls and safety measures.


AN evening of murder and mayhem at Donnington Valley Hotel has raised a spine-tingling £28,000 for The Rosemary Appeal.
The appeal is fundraising for new renal dialysis and cancer care units at West Berkshire Hospital which will provide essential facilities for the local community, including day therapy, chemotherapy, renal dialysis, IV therapies and CT scanner.
Newbury design agency MAXX Design held a 1920s-themed murder mystery evening called Deadly Deeds, where guests enjoyed a glass of fizz, a fine dining experience and the opportunity to bid for a plethora of prestigious prizes at auction.
The Canal Walk firm's managing director Dermot de Courcy Robinson said: "I have to thank all our incredible guests for jumping into the spirit of our murder mystery evening with both feet and dressing up in the most spectacular outfits.
"It made for a fabulous atmosphere and an incredibly entertaining evening was had by all.
"To raise £28,000 for such a superb and much-needed cause is a fantastic result.
"A particular success was the beautiful fridge donated by MAXX client Smeg UK, which was the prize in the heads and tails game.
Rosemary Appeal trustee Paul Millard said: "MAXX has always been hugely supportive of our cause and it was wonderful to share an evening with them and all their guests.
"And to raise such a substantial sum of money is great news.
Deadly Deeds raised £28,000 thanks to contributions from guests and match-funding from the Greenham Trust.


Remove the battery door from the Flash.
Place a new CR2032 battery into the Flash, so that the negative (-) faces down into the Flash and the positive (+) faces outwards. The positive (+) face of the battery should be visible when placed into the Flash.
Replace the battery door into the Flash.


text:
September - November, 2017
September 4. A thought experiment for Labor Day. Imagine you live in a world where money is completely disconnected from work. Not only is there an unconditional minimum income, there's also a maximum income -- and they're the same! Corporate executives, sled dog racers, insurance agents, and people who just watch TV all day, all make the same amount of money.
In that world, what would you do with your time?
And how similar is that to what you actually do with your time?
To the extent that those things are the same, you're successful -- even if you're poor. To the extent that they're different, your quality of life is being constrained by cultural assumptions and economic rules that tie activity to money.
You've all seen that political grid, where one axis is social freedom and the other is economic freedom. That's always rubbed me the wrong way, and now I can say why: because it has economic freedom exactly backwards, defining it as the right to trade your labor for money, even if it's something you wouldn't do if not for the money, and then turn around and trade your money for the labor of others, even if they're only doing it for the money. That's not people being free -- it's money being free to control us.
In a value system that puts quality of life first, economic freedom is not freedom of money but freedom from money, and the more disconnected money is from activity, the more free we are.
Now someone might say, "What if what I love to do is make money?" That's silly, because money is supposed to be a means for the end of living well, not the end in itself. And if you just enjoy the process of accumulating abstract tokens, then you can get that pleasure from games. And if you say, "I enjoy accumulating abstract tokens that have real world value," then be careful, because you might be asking for a power that no one should have: to make people do stuff that they wouldn't do if they didn't need the money.
September 11. Interesting subreddit post: On the Demonic and Virtual Reality. The idea is that we could think of "demons" not as magical beings, but the way we think about human social constructions like fascism and religion.
If the demonic names a type of oppressive virtual reality, then demon possession can be approached as the subjective inscription of these systems of injustice into an individual's consciousness. The demonic is the system of injustice that influences the material actions of all those in a society, while demon possession is where an individual becomes the actual mouthpiece of that injustice.
September 13. A reader sends this timely article from two years ago, Walker Percy's Theory of Hurricanes. It's the same idea as Rebecca Solnit's book A Paradise Built in Hell, that people become happier in disasters.
I'm skipping straight to the hard question: how can we make this permanent? How can we build a society where the loose, friendly, engaged social vibe that now emerges in disasters, is how we feel all the time? Or at least more often?
Just having one catastrophe after another won't work -- they tried that in Haiti. I don't think there's any simple or easy answer. But sometimes I think all lawmakers should start as game designers, because game designers have to understand the thin line between trauma and adventure, between safety as a padded cell and safety as a platform for launching.
September 20. Consciousness Goes Deeper Than You Think. The title makes it sound like we have new information, when really we have a new way of using words. We used to define "consciousness" as re-representation, the creation of a mental perspective detached from the stream of experience. Now we're defining it as the actual stream of experience, which means our representation of consciousness, created by that word, goes deeper.
September 25. The New Yorker has just covered The Case Against Civilization. Related, from 2011, How Hunter-Gatherers Maintained Their Egalitarian Ways. And a classic article, Preconquest Consciousness (pdf) by Richard Sorenson.
I used to write about this subject all the time, but I quit because I feel responsible to protect readers from making a sloppy logical leap into dangerous life advice: that we modern people can become happier by living rural and low-tech.
My position is harder to explain and less compelling: that we can develop something like the playful anti-authoritarian culture of the best hunter-gatherer tribes, at a high level of social and technological complexity, but we don't know exactly how yet, and it will take us hundreds of years to figure it out.
September 27. After Monday's optimism, some doom. I saw a discussion on reddit where people were disagreeing about whether life is hard, because they weren't clear about definitions. I would break it down like this: in the 21st century first world, compared to most human societies and all wild animals, it's really easy to stay alive, and really hard to be happy.
If we keep going in this direction, eventually any death not from suicide will be global news. Suicide might even be normalized, so if you're above a certain age, and you say you're going to kill yourself, no one will even try to talk you out of it. Suicide might become a necessary safety valve, taking people out of the equation who would otherwise drag the system down or destabilize it.
I used to think collapse would come from physical factors like peak oil. Now I think there's no crisis we can't tackle if we're sufficiently motivated -- and we're not.
Where does motivation come from? The popular assumption is that it comes from some magical virtue that lives inside individual people. I think motivation is a matter of fit: the fit between what's in our hearts to do, and what society wants done. And right now those two things are really far apart. How many times have you heard someone say that success is about hard work and not talent? It's a big cliche, and it seems to be true, but we wouldn't need to say it so much if we didn't start by assuming the opposite.
I think in our deep ancestral environment, thriving was completely about talent -- and of course luck. There was so much overlap between what they felt like doing, and what was in front of them to do, that they didn't need the concept of a work ethic. It's not that hard work makes you successful, but that our culture had to invent success to reward invented activities that hardly anyone feels like doing.
Sometimes I wonder why there are no colleges or employers that target underachievers. They could be like, "We want talented people who just seem lazy because they've never been in an environment as exciting as ours." This is the path to revitalizing our civilization, and no one is trying it. Instead everyone says the opposite: "We want people who are already highly driven, and we'll just teach them to go through the motions of doing our thing."
You know who does recruit underachievers? Terrorists, and cults, and other dangerous movements that I'm mostly against. But that's the hard logic of every human society: if it goes too far astray from human nature, the people who want to keep the game going will be outhustled by the people who want to end it.
October 4. I've been listening to this podcast, The Hilarious World of Depression, and the main thing I notice is how different everyone's story is, from each other and also from mine. I don't even want to say I have "depression" because the word is so vague and has so much baggage, and also because my condition is not crippling, merely painful. On a bad day, life feels like washing an endless sink of dirty dishes and never getting in the flow. But I still have the energy to analyze and experiment.
I think the solution lies in practicing very precise metacognition. Even the advice to "be present" is not precise enough, because you can be present in the stream of sense experience, or in what's going on inside your head, or in the interface between the two. Yesterday I jotted down this insight: "The moment-to-moment choice of where to put your attention has a personality." It's not your deepest personality -- it's a mid-level personality that can be changed. Or as someone on reddit said: "The voice inside your head has a voice inside its head."
October 9. How Video Games Satisfy Basic Human Needs. A researcher identified four types of video game players, and the point is that people play games to be a certain way.
"One of the best ways to beat Jigglypuff is to play very defensively. But Mango, one of the best professional Super Smash Bros players, often refuses to play that way against Jigglypuff, even if it means losing. Why? Because if he's going to win, he wants to win being honest to himself. The way he plays is representative of who he is."
Modern society is like a monster that can only be defeated by playing a very specific way that only a few people enjoy playing. The rest of us have to find the balance between "succeeding" by being who we're not, and failing by being who we are.
October 16. Last week, on weed, I was thinking about those cartoons where someone has an angel on one shoulder and a devil on the other, giving them advice. If it were really that simple, you could just follow the angel voice all the time. Those characters do not represent true right and wrong, but human value systems, which are always imperfect. I jotted this: "There is no possible set of rules to tell the angel voice from the devil voice, because logic can't know what the angel is, or keep up with the devil's masks."
October 18. In this Slate Star Codex post, Different Worlds, Scott Alexander covers many angles of something I've noticed for a long time: we all have a particular "aura" or "bubble" that makes other people behave a certain way around us, and it's completely subconscious. He mentions how his own therapy patients never have emotional meltdowns, and traces it to his "Niceness Field, where people talking to him face to face want to be more polite and civil."
Later he mentions serial abuse victims:
I know people who have tried really hard to avoid abusers, who have gone to therapy and asked their therapist for independent verification that their new partner doesn't seem like the abusive type, who have pulled out all the stops -- and who still end up with abusive new partners. These people are cursed through no fault of their own... Something completely unintentional that they try their best to resist gives them a bubble of terrible people.
I think it's possible in theory for us to change our bubbles, but harder than it seems, because they go so deep. There's a philosophy, epiphenomenalism, that thinks consciousness is just powerlessly floating on a sea of mindless physics. I think we're almost powerlessly floating on a sea of unknown mind -- habits and motives that are so deep and vast and interconnected that it's like a secret subconscious civilization.
October 20. People think that the physical universe might not be physically real, just a simulation inside a computer. But really, the physical world is the simulation. Our bodies are avatars in an invented world made of atoms and space and time.
October 30. Long article covering space aliens from many angles, including how they've been imagined, what they might really be like, and why we haven't found any yet. The latter is called Fermi's Paradox, and I've developed an unpopular solution, lately enhanced by the argument in this article that matter is like software and consciousness is like hardware.
I think we will never find alien life more advanced than lichens and mushrooms, because in terms of consciousness, Earth is the center, and this physical universe is just for us, building itself outward as we examine it, through some combination of our own beliefs, and deeper constraints that we don't understand yet. We will not find another universe-constructing consciousness ("intelligent aliens") because they'll be at the mind-center of their own universe.
When these universes touch, we don't recognize it because we are culturally blinded by our philosophical division between objective and subjective. An alternate model, that better fits our experience, is to view objective and subjective as the unreachable poles of a spectrum. (You could say nothing is completely real or unreal.) Only within our own physical universe can we approach the objective pole, and find proof, which means that almost all perspectives can see something pretty much the same way.
Contact between universes is by nature so far from the objective pole that it can never be proven, but also far enough from the subjective pole that we find correlations and agreements in our experience. Basically, alien contact is what we call "the paranormal", and it happens all the time, but our intellectual authorities don't recognize it because they hold inter-universe experience to the same near-objective standards as intra-universe experience. See George Hansen's The Trickster and the Paranormal for a book-length survey of the idea that phenomena can actively hide from proof.
October 31. Cormac McCarthy essay, The Kekulé Problem. Kekulé was the chemist who dreamed the circular structure of the benzene molecule, and the problem is: why did his subconscious show him a snake eating its tail, instead of saying the words "it's a circle"? From there, McCarthy launches into some fascinating thoughts about language and the brain and human prehistory, including an obvious idea that hadn't occurred to me: the realm of the human subconscious is the realm of animal intelligence.
To this, I would add the disreputable idea that animal intelligence has deeper roots in something collective or universal. I've said before that I think our subconscious minds are linked, and now I imagine them linked on a level that also includes all other biological life.
And I have another question: Why is the subconscious subconscious? Why are we unaware of these deeper levels, so much that their very existence is controversial? Does it make sense to ask what it's like to be your subconscious mind? I think it does, as much as it makes sense to ask what it's like to be a cat. So why are we separate from that being?
I think it's because our conscious minds are embryonic. They (we) are an appendage not yet fully developed, and as we develop, we will gain more understanding of the mind beneath us, and our place in it, just as babies discover the physical world.
What kind of world is it? In horror fiction, the occult depths are hostile and predatory, while in New Age writing, they're soft and warm. I have a vision that I call Happy Cthulhu. Suppose that H.P. Lovecraft got an unusually clear glimple of a deeper reality, but its riotous aliveness overwhelmed his Victorian mindset, and he projected evil on something benign. It's like when you hear a challenging song for the first time, and it sounds like terrible noise, but after enough listens, it becomes beautiful.
November 1. This reddit comment tells the story of how Keith Jarrett recorded a classic solo piano album when he was forced to adapt to a crappy piano. It reminds me of another musical story, from the PBS Rock and Roll documentary, where some other band found the exact mixing board that New Order used for their landmark hit "Blue Monday", and they expected it to be intuitive and easy to use, but it turned out to be painful and difficult. There's a saying, "Genius emerges from constraint."
November 7. I just spent four days in Florida without my computer, and I read Earth Abides, the classic 1949 postapocalypse novel by George R. Stewart. It was ahead of its time in many ways, but Stewart makes a choice that seems strange to me: the protagonist is the only character in the entire novel who wants to rebuild civilization. Everyone else is content to live off abundant canned food and wild game, and human culture shifts toward the people you find in anthropology books, hunter-gatherers and horticulturists who have never encountered civilization.
To be fair, I believed this myself until around 2008: that our paleolithic ancestors were an evolutionary attractor, as stable as sharks. Now I think they were a stage in a steady and accelerating movement toward greater social and technological complexity, which has brought changes in human nature. So even after a global hard crash, given all the surviving materials and books, we would rebuild a high-tech society much faster than we did last time.
But just lately, now that I'm thinking in terms of a collective subconscious, I'm wondering if that's really what it wants. Maybe part of our motivation to build this world was its novelty. Now if it crashes, we'll be like "been there, done that," and instead of doing the same kind of thing again, we'll turn our big brains to something we haven't even imagined yet.
There's another thing in Earth Abides that never occurred to me: even the survivors of a deep crash might die out from shock, because they just can't wrap their heads around a post-crash world. But in this way, we're much better off than our grandparents, because we've all seen postapocalypse fiction. We'll be like, "This isn't what I expected from playing Fallout or watching The Walking Dead, but it's close enough that I can figure out what to do."
November 9. Just a quick thought on the latest mass shooting. Despite the gunman's long history of violence, he was not in any FBI database. Meanwhile, I'm sure their database is full of harmless Muslims. The mistake they're making is to see the world as an ideological battlefield, in which the danger comes from beliefs. Really the danger comes from mental illness, and ideologies are just tacked-on rationalizations.
It's an easy mistake to make, because ideology is easier to track, to pin down, to wrap your head around. Mental illness is getting more common and more severe, and I'm not sure why. But it wouldn't surprise me if mass shootings become so normal that the deaths are almost invisible, like car crashes, and we only hear about the really big ones.
Related: Running Amok: A Modern Perspective on a Culture-Bound Syndrome, and a more poetic article on the Amok phenomenon: Every Five Seconds an Inkjet Printer Dies Somewhere.
November 13. All these sexual abuse accusations are really about power. In every case, if someone in a lower position tried the same shit on someone in a higher position, they would be fired.
We imagine these people are bad because they crossed the line between consent and coercion. But when almost the entire world is under authoritarian culture, where it's normal for some people to tell other people what to do, where it's normal for us to do what we're told even if we don't feel like it, then the line between consent and coercion doesn't even exist, except in certain sensitive contexts.
Once a culture has crossed the line into normalization of hierarchy, it's a constant temptation to cross the next line, between using a position of power for the good of the whole, and using it selfishly. And once that line has been crossed, it's tempting for selfish use of power to veer into sex acts.
I like to think, in a better future, one person having any power over another will be a scandal.
November 16. I've written a lot about social collapse, but now I'm thinking about something like identity collapse. You develop a personality, a set of habits, that gets you through life, and it's probably more than half subconscious, learned when you were very young, and hard to change. But then some key component changes -- it could be something in you, or something in the world, or your role in the world. And gradually, or suddenly, your whole way of being no longer works.
When this happens to a society, or to an individual, and they don't flame out in destruction but fall into a deep slump, we use the same word: depression. The whole system becomes disjointed and ineffective, and recovery is a long process of rebuilding a working system from scratch.
I'm thinking about people who are blind from birth, and then their eyes get fixed. You'd think they'd be happy, but normally they become depressed, because they still can't see. It takes years to learn to interpret the light on the retina as a three dimensional world, and they have to learn this as an adult, where normal people learned it as babies with highly flexible brains. Meanwhile, now that they've become aware of that maddening world, they can't ignore it.
November 15/20. For a lot of skills, it seems like there are two kinds of people: those who understand the skill on such an intuitive level that they can't explain it, and those who don't understand it intuitively, and will never get it unless it's explained carefully.
Back in January I wrote, "my point of emphasis for 2017 is micro-scale toughness." I'm not sure that I'm any better at it, but at least I can explain it better. Somewhere I read about a guy who was out in a sea kayak off Alaska when a storm hit. At one point a wave raised him high enough to see deadly waves dense to the horizon, and he thought, this is it, I'm going to die. But he refocused, and rode out the storm by repeatedly turning to face every wave that came at him, one wave at a time.
This is what life does to us every day. The difference is, modern society is pretty good at keeping us from dying, so when waves hit us sideways, we just get more and more traumatized.
Another metaphor: if you're a professional shortstop, and someone suddenly throws a baseball at you, it doesn't matter if you're at a funeral, on the toilet, anywhere, you're going to catch it, because you've practiced that move ten thousand times. If you fail to catch it, it will smack you in the face, and then you're weaker against the next ball.
I wonder if the main difference between happy and unhappy people is reaction time. But these are skills we can practice: to define every bad thing that happens as the new baseline, and to feel gratitude for every good thing that happens, and do these moves with increasing consistency and quickness.
Coming at the subject from another angle, a reader sends a quote from the monk Bodhidharma: "Those who remain unmoved by the wind of joy silently follow the Path." It's strange, because out of context, you would think it's good to be moved by joy. In what metaphorical context is it better to be unmoved? I don't know what Bodhihdharma actually meant, but that quote gave me this idea:
If you're up in a hot air balloon, you don't feel any wind, because whatever wind there is, also moves the balloon that carries you. Now imagine there are two kinds of wind. If your balloon moves with the wind of joy, then you never feel joy, but you do feel the wind of pain. And if your balloon moves with the wind of pain, then you don't feel pain, but you do feel joy.
In practical terms: when something bad happens, think of it as the new normal. When something good happens, resist thinking of it as the new normal.
November 27. Great interview on Nautilus, Social Media Is a Denial-of-Service Attack on Your Mind. It's about how we're overwhelmed with information competing for our attention. My favorite bit, condensed:
Most of the systems in society still assume an environment of information scarcity. The First Amendment protects freedom of speech, but it doesn't protect freedom of attention. There wasn't anything obstructing people's attention at the time it was written. Back in an information-scarce environment, the role of a newspaper was to bring you information. Now it's the opposite.
Now what we need is information filtering. But filtering for the long-term benefit of information consumers is not only difficult -- it's hard to even know if it's being done right. So the dominant filtering systems feed on our impulses. Their goal is to get clicks, to win a bigger slice of the predatory filtering market, with indifference to the social effects.
Dinosaur do-gooders, trying to "raise awareness", only add noise to the cacophony and increase our paralysis.
Into this wasteland steps an old-time villain, now doing something useful: information filtering with a political agenda. If you lack the resources to do your own filtering, why not turn to someone you basically agree with, and let them do it for you? It can't be worse than the nihilism of clickbait.
We are already in a postapocalypse world. Unbridled operant conditioning is turning people into zombies, while information-filtering warlords offer security against the famine of meaninglessness. I'm trying to stay independent, like Mad Max, but it's getting harder.
November 29. Continuing from Monday, in the context of technologies that tempt us to do things that are bad for us, there's always a voice that says, "Well, people just need to exercise better self-control." The interview has a great answer: "That kind of rhetoric implicitly grants the idea that it's okay for technology to be adversarial against us."
In the Terminator movies, Skynet is a global networked AI hostile to humanity. Now imagine if a human said, "It's okay for Skynet to try to kill us; we just have to try harder to not be killed, and if you fail, it's your own fault." But that's exactly what people are saying about an actual global computer network that seeks to control human behavior, on levels we're not aware of, for its own benefit. Not only has the hostile AI taken over -- a lot of people are taking its side against their fellow humans. And their advice is to suppress your biological impulses and maximize future utility like a machine algorithm.
Now, I happen to have really good self-control. That's how I got a 3.96 GPA in high school (back when 4.0 was the max) even though I hated most of the work. I would have crushed the marshmallow test. But it's a terrible way to live, constantly forcing myself through pain for some promised reward that either disappoints or doesn't come at all.
Here's a reverse marshmallow test, that tests human societies: If every kid always eats the marshmallow, if every person does exactly what they feel like all the time, how well does it work out for them? In a perfect human environment, no self-control is necessary; always doing what feels good is a realistic strategy for a happy life.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


And-Y and Bronx native Cassanova team up to make Lucrative Thought.
They've had this duo for a while now, but I just thought I'd introduce them to the people who just started keeping up with us through this blog.
EDIT: Added a SoundCloud player to this post.


Don't want to read the whole review? Well you only need to read this summary where I provide Lasting student ministry an overall score. My goal has been to use stats to develop a totally unbiased review that helps to give a clear idea of whether or not you should get this product. I looked at the sales figures, the refund rate and the authority of the product's site to set up a general idea of trustworthiness. It's a computer algorithm, yes, but it should be a great help nonetheless. So, the final score is 50.94/100 – pretty good!.
It is time for another high-quality courserating.co.uk review. At this site I value my audience and helping you to make a good buying decision. I ensure that each and every product I review carries a 60 day refund guarantee and I additionally review in an ubiased way by sticking with the stats. So strap yourselves in and let's get moving! Ah, I nearly forgot. I offer giveaways for customers who buy via my link. You can read about all that here. To find out how this blog is funded you can click here – my main concern is my followers and I want every little thing to be clear. Okay, let us get this show on the road.
To begin with, an admission. I am inclined to be affected by the reputation of products. If I see everyone is purchasing something I have a tendency to come along for the ride. My logic? Well, if everyone wants it, it must be fantastic, right? Naturally, that is not always true but product sales could be a great indication of quality. Luckily for you, I do have some sales information for Lasting student ministry. First, I've got a little something called Gravity which comes straight from the payment processor. It offers us a rough hint of sales volume. Lasting student ministry has a gravity of 0, which makes me think this might be one to avoid – maybe better to look at alternatives. Now, this gravity figure might not mean much to you. Hence, dear readers, I've examined the gravities of every product on this web site and produced a sales rank! A rank of 100 implies that it's the best selling product here … and all the way down to 1 with the worst seller. So how about Lasting student ministry? Basically, it gets a sales rank of 43.04, which indicates it's undoubtedly substandard – I would recommend you see if any options fare better.
Of course, I prefer to give my readers more than just sales stats. You want to know about a product's quality. Unfortunately, my time restrictions (and bank balance!) don't let me to try every product personally. So I use another stat – the refund rate.This stat comes straight from the payment processor, when it was available for a brief time. Lasting student ministry scores 3 /5 which is the average score and indicates we either don't have any refund data or the refund amount is at a satisfactory level – should be Okay to proceed here.
The Lasting student ministry Site – what does it reveal?
Okay, what else can I tell you? Well, why don't we take a look at the domain that this product is bought from (lasting-student-ministry.com)? There are a few stats available that will give usa better idea about how reliable the product is. Firstly, we know the site has 12 pages – the idea is that the more pages it has, the older and more reliable it is. So, in this case, 12 is definitely not that many and could signify that this site is new. But, of course, you can't just judge a website by the number of pages it has. They could all be rubbish! Instead, let's learn something from Google's book and have a look at the amount of other sites that are linking in to this one. Lots of links from quality websites means this one is sure to be quality too. So lasting-student-ministry.com has 1 backlinks with an authority score of 16.38/100, which means it hasn't gained much approval from other sites yet (and consequently not from me either).
I've hunted high and low and made a list of all the other products this vendor is selling, and also any specials they have on at this time. Let's have a look… So, it seems Lasting student ministry has no special product(s) on sale.


Cookies and cream ice cream is a very classic favorite that you might be craving at your local ice cream parlor. It's got attempting cream and it can actually be quite rich. This recipe is absolutely no different but it remains chocked with keto friendly ingredients. With the same consistency as softserve and some keto friendly cookie crumbs this is a great choice.
One of the main ingredients in this recipe is almond milk and this is a dairy free alternative that's extremely low in calories and also high in vitamin D. In rich almond milk can be a perfect way that you can strengthen your bones and it doesn't raise your blood sugar either. Some studies have suggested that almond milk can also reduce your risk of heart disease.
Coconut oil is also included in this recipe. It is an ingredient that can help to improve digestion, help you burn more fat as well as improve your thyroid function so that you can get even more out of the diet. This ice cream recipe could actually help to jumpstart your keto diet.
You will need a pinch of salt, a keto friendly sweetener of your choice, baking soda, almond flour, egg, cocoa powder, vanilla extract and coconut oil. Almond milk and whipping cream will be required for the ice cream portion.
Start by preheating your oven to 300°F and line a typical 9 inch cake pan with parchment paper. Sift out the flour baking soda, sweetener, erythritol and salt into a medium bowl. Add in your vanilla extract and oil with the egg to form a cookie batter. Here you can place the pan in the oven and bake for 20 min..
After the cookie portion is done blend together whipping cream with an electric mixer adding in vanilla extract in a sweetener of your choice. Pour in the almond milk to thicken the mixture. Begin sure in the mixture and add in cookie crumbs until it's completely blended together. From here you can freeze the mixture for at least two hours before serving in a freezer safe container.
Keto Chips – A Good Idea?
Keto Peanut Butter: How Do You Take It?


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Timeline: The Boy Scouts' Long History of Anti-Gay Discrimination
The Boy Scouts of America have been fighting gay members for decades.
Boy scouts and their families deliver 1.4 million signatures protesting the ban. GLAAD
On Wednesday, the national board of the Boy Scouts of America delayed its decision on whether to end the organization's national ban on gay Scouts and scoutmasters until May, citing the need for more deliberation. BSA's gay ban has caused several of its major sponsors to pull funding in recent years, and the organization announced on January 28 that it would consider ending the policy; the board has been deliberating the decision since Monday.
"We all understand that BSA is under pressure from opposing sides of the issue, but they have had plenty of time to think about this," says Theresa Phillips, committee chair of Pack 442 in Maryland, which was forced to take down its non-discrimination statement last month. "The Boy Scouts needs to wake up and realize gay and lesbians have just as much of a right to be part of the scouting program as anyone else."
Even if the Boy Scouts decide later this year to overturn the ban, the decision on whether to allow gay members will be left to local troops—a move that gay advocates say is a cop-out, as local troops would still be allowed to discriminate.
The Boy Scouts have a long history of discrimination against gay members—and over the years, gay people aren't the only minority group the Scouts have excluded. Here's a timeline you won't find on the Boy Scouts' website:
LGBTQ Issues
Boy Scouts May Allow Gay Members…Sort Of
Boy Scouts Threaten to Kick Out Pack For Supporting Gay Members
Boy Scouts Losing Big Funders Over Anti-Gay Policy
Upshot of Boy Scouts' Anti-Gay Policy: Logging Their Forests
Josh Harkinson


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Gulf of Mexico oil rig emergency alarm not fully activated the day of fire and explosion
KENNER, La. -- The emergency alarm on the Deepwater Horizon was not fully activated the day the oil rig caught fire and exploded, killing 11 people and setting off the massive spill in the Gulf of Mexico, a rig worker Friday told a government panel investigating the accident.
The worker, Mike Williams, the rig's chief electronics technician, said the general safety alarm was habitually set to "inhibited" to avoid waking the crew with late-night sirens and emergency lights.
"They did not want people woke up at 3 a.m. from false alarms," Williams told the federal panel of investigators.
Consequently, the alarm did not sound during the emergency, leaving workers to relay information through the loudspeaker system.
While it is not known whether it would have saved the workers who died in the April 20 disaster, the lack of a fully functioning alarm hampered the effort to safely evacuate the rig, Williams said.
In a statement, Transocean, which leased the rig to BP, said workers were allowed to change settings on the alarm to prevent it "from sounding unnecessarily when one of the hundreds of local alarms activates for what could be a minor issue or a non-emergency."
"It was not a safety oversight or done as a matter of convenience," the company said.
Transocean also pointed to a separate audit of the rig in early April, in which inspectors testing the fire detection system found no detectors inhibited.
A six-member panel is investigating the disaster that unleashed the largest oil spill in U.S. history. At hearings this week here, crew members have described repeated failures in the weeks before the disaster, including power losses, computer crashes and leaking emergency equipment.
The rig's history of mechanical errors was documented in a confidential audit conducted by BP seven months before the explosion and reviewed by The New York Times. According to the September 2009 document, four BP officials discovered that Transocean, the rig's owner, had left 390 repairs undone, including many that were "high priority," and would require more than 3,500 hours of labor. It is unclear how many of the problems remained by the day of the catastrophe.
The 60-page audit found that previously reported errors had been ignored by Transocean.
"Consequently, a number of the recommendations that Transocean had indicated as closed out had either deteriorated again or not been suitably addressed in the first place," investigators wrote.
In a statement, BP said it had expected Transocean to take the audit seriously.
"The goal is to have the contractor address all safety critical items in a prompt manner," the statement said. "As we have previously said, the Deepwater Horizon tragedy had multiple potential causes, including equipment failure."


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Lakers News: Nick Young, D'Angelo Russell Confident That Lakers Won't Quit
Lakers News: Luol Deng Believes L.A. Is 'Going To Become A Good Team'
The month of December has not been kind to the Los Angeles Lakers. The team has lost 12 of 13 games this month, completely undoing the good feelings surrounding the team after an unexpected 10-10 start to the season.
One of the things that hurt the Lakers has been injuries as nearly every rotation player has missed time. Two of the bigger ones the Lakers had to deal with were the injuries to their starting backcourt of D'Angelo Russell and Nick Young, though both eventually returned and have played relatively well.
— Get 15% off everything in the Lakers Nation Store right now by using the promo code 'Lakers' —
Nonetheless, with the losses piling up, it is easy for a young team to lose confidence and give up. Young, however, doesn't see that as he still sees fight in the Lakers according to Joey Ramirez of Lakers.com:
"The fight is there, but we just gotta learn how to get back to winning," Nick Young said.
Russell also added that the team isn't quitting, but rather slowly figuring things out via Mark Medina of the OC Register:
"We're slowly figuring it out," Russell said. "We're definitely not quitting. We're just trying to figure it out."
The attitude is definitely what fans want to hear from this team as a slump like this can absolutely derail a season, especially for a team that doesn't know how to win yet. Of course, the Lakers have said things like this before; fans are ready for some action.
This Lakers team is in the first year of a true rebuild with the focus being on development first. With a young team, there is going to be a lot of ups and downs and inconsistencies. The important thing is for the Lakers to continue playing hard and learning from these mistakes.
The talent is obviously there on this roster, but it is a learning process. As long as the team keeps fighting like Russell and Young say they are, things will eventually turn around.
Lakers News: LeBron James Ties AP Male Athlete Of The Year Record
The Associated Press announced Los Angeles Lakers All-Star LeBron James as the 2020 Male Athlete of Year. James…
Damian Burchardt
Frank Vogel: Anthony Davis 'Most Versatile And Dominant Defender'
The voting window for the NBA Awards did not take into account play in the bubble, but overtaking Milwaukee…
Anthony Davis: Lakers Chemistry Already 'Pure And Natural'
Although the Los Angeles Lakers had a new coaching staff and overhauled roster last season, their chemistry was…
Mitch Kupchak On Kobe Bryant: 'He's Never Been Great With Rookies'
Over the course of his near 20 years in the NBA, superstar…


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At A Caring Hand, LLC, we go above and beyond conventional home care services. We are presently seeking highly dependable and reliable Personal Care Attendants who have a passion to care for the elderly to join our dedicated team.
Providing companionship and stimulation for the client; including reading, walks, accompanying the client to appointments, etc.
Must be able to clearly speak, read, write and understand the English language - bilingual applicants encouraged to apply!


The department boasts a robust research program that supports impactful, transdisciplinary collaboration and discovery in 11 distinct research areas. External research expenditures for fiscal year 2017 totaled over $15 million.
Additionally, many of our faculty conduct research in collaboration with foundations as well as private industry partners.
Explore the department's research spaces, on the main Blacksburg campus and beyond.
BEAM partners with a number of other departments, research institutes, and university units.


JURY DUTY NOTICE FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT CLERK: Thank you for your service to Weakley County.
Jennifer Tharp Killebrew was elected Circuit Court Clerk in August 2014 and again in September 2018. She is a graduate of Greenfield High School and the University of Tennessee at Martin in 2008. She began working in the Weakley County Circuit Court Clerk's Office in 2010.
Jennifer Tharp Killebrew is married to Adam Killebrew, and they have two children, Livi and Reed. The family resides in Dresden.
To provide a depository of records and information concerning the orders and judgments of criminal and civil action brought by the citizens of the county in an accurate manner so that a clear result of the proceedings in the courtroom is available for future inspection.
Performance Objectives: To ensure the efficient operation of the office where both felony criminal cases and civil matters are filed. To offer guidance and information to the public in regard to cases filed in the court of record. To keep correct and accessible the records concerning sentencing and judgments.


Want to help promote Theoretical Roman Archaeology and contribute to the growing Wikipedia resource? Come join us at the University of Cambridge on Saturday, February 24th 2018 for a full day of Wikipedia editing and tutorials. This is a great opportunity to improve the online presence of the subjects advocated by the Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference. For a full description of the event please click here.
Only 20 spaces available so register now!