text:
Our young and professionals lawyers complete our team to deliver practicable, precise, and efficient legal solutions.
Aurelia Suci
Aurelia is an associate of ARMA Law. Aurel has assisted local and multinational institutions for general corporate matters, mining as well as foreign investment. She has assisted a major local film production house dealing with one of the major Over- the- Top (OTT) providers.
Aurel graduated from Atma Jaya Catholic University with cum laude predicate. She participated in various International Law moot court competitions such as Asia Cup and Philip C. Jessup throughout her study. Further, she also participated in various academic organizational activities.
Apart from providing legal services, she enjoys her time playing a musical instrument.
She speaks Indonesian and English.
aurelia.sianturi@arma-law.com
Mikhail Sibbald
Mikhail has been actively involved in various legal works, including legal due diligence, contract reviews, and legal research. He also assisted companies in mergers & acquisitions transactions, foreign investment matters, and corporate litigation. He has also developed a proficiency in handling Entertainment Law proceedings.
Mikhail obtained his bachelor of laws degree from the Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. He was the Executive Director of the Business Law Organization at his university.
In addition to doing lawyering activities, Mikhail enjoys football and computer hardware.
Mikhail speaks Indonesian and English.
mikhail.sibbald@arma-law.com
Ronald Nataniel
Ronald has been involved in general corporate matters, merger and acquisition, foreign investment. He also has developed interest in e-commerce, technology, and tax matters.
Ronald graduated from Parahyangan Catholic University (UNPAR). He passed Indonesian bar exam organized by the Indonesian Advocate Association (Peradi) and has Brevet A/B certificate. Prior joining ARMA, Ronald worked in one of the prominent Indonesian litigation law firms.
Ronald enjoys his leisure by playing football and table tennis.
Ronald speaks Indonesian and English.
ronald.nataniel@arma-law.com
Salsabila Hana Safira
Salsabila is an associate of ARMA Law. Salsabila has assisted local and multinational institutions in various environmental and sustainable projects.
Prior to joining ARMA Law, Salsabila worked as a Legal Substance Support Staff at the Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Agency. She has developed an interest in public policy, environmental, sustainability, and circular economy.
Salsabila graduated from the Faculty of Law, Universitas Indonesia, focusing on Environmental and Natural Resource Management Law.
She is a literary, performing, and visual arts enthusiast who enjoys practicing yoga in her spare time.
Salsabila speaks Indonesian and English.
salsabila.safira@arma-law.com


This week's travel theme is Land Meets Water.
I guess the best illustration of land meets water is along the Pacific Coast; the view as you see when driving along the Pacific route or highway.
Here is a picture captured by my wife in her trip to the South Western part of USA.


text:
|componenta=6 Stadtteile
|suprafață_totală_km2=55.29
|suprafata_metropolitana_km2=
|altitudine=288
|populație_note_subsol=
|populație=25500
|recensământ=2006-12-31
|densitate=
|populatie_urbana=
|populatie_metropolitana=
|an=
|fus_orar=CET
|fus_orar_DST=CEST
|utc_offset=+1
|utc_offset_DST=+2
|camp1_gol_nume=Număr de înmatriculare (auto)
|camp1_gol_info=IK
|cod_poștal=99301–99310
|tip_cod=Cod zonal
|cod=03628
|website=www.arnstadt.de
|descriere_hartă2=
}}

Arnstadt este un oraș în Turingia, Germania.

Note

Vezi și
 Listă de orașe din Germania

Legături externe

Comune din Turingia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
A Connoisseuer's Guide to the Books of Winston Churchill
THE RIVER WAR
An Historical Account of the Reconquest of the Soudan
(Cohen A2) (Woods A2)
Arguably the most aesthetically beautiful of Churchill's original trade editions, The River War is a brilliant history of British involvement in the Sudan and the campaign for its reconquest: arresting, insightful, with tremendous narrative and descriptive power. Though published over a hundred years ago, it is uniquely relevant to our times; combined with Churchill's personal adventure, there are passages of deep reflection on the requirements of a civilized government.
Far from uncritically accepting the supposed superiority of British civilization, Churchill shows his understanding of the longing for liberty among the indigenous peoples of the Sudan. Yet he does find their native governance defective. He also criticizes the British army, and in particular the campaign commander, Lord Kitchener, for ignoring the respect for the liberty and humanity of its adversaries that should accompany British civilization, and, perhaps, justify its imperial rule over the Sudan.
In 1885 the Sudan had been overrun by the Dervish tribesmen under their religious leader, the Mahdi, culminating in the death of the British envoy, General Gordon, at the capital of Khartoum. Fourteen years later, London sent Lord Kitchener at the head of a combined British and Egyptian force (including a brash war reporter, Lt. Churchill) to reestablish Anglo-Egyptian sovereignty in the Sudan. Despite the objective superiority of English weaponry and tactics, they faced the formidable obstacles presented by the Nile, the desert, the climate, cholera, and a brave, fanatical Dervish army led by the "Mahdi of Allah."
Churchill impressively captures in precise detail and exciting narrative all these features of that now-distant campaign, including his own role in the last great cavalry charge of British military history. Finely written chapters trace the history of the Sudan, the rise of the Mahdi, the martyr's death of Gordon and, apparently not much exaggerated, the author's own adventures. Young Churchill did not hesitate to criticize the actions of the victorious Kitchener, whose treatment of the dead Mahdi was certainly barbaric and whose disdain for the fallen foe after the Battle of Omdurman was shameful.
Later, the author thought it best to be more judicious. For a one-volume edition published in 1902, Churchill excised vast quantities of narrative, including most criticisms of Lord Kitchener. By then he had entered Parliament and was less sanguine about burning bridges. He also added another chapter and other new material that makes these later editions important in their own right. There are, therefore, two separate texts: one, the original two-volume unabridged version, with Angus McNeill's beautiful line drawings, which existed in 3,000 copies only and was sold out by the early 1900s and two, the 1902 abridgment that has survived unchanged through modern paperbacks. To be truly complete, a new edition of the original text should add the new material from 1902, and a tabulation of the 1902 excisions.
From a collector's standpoint, all editions are important including paperbacks, which are the least expensive way to come to grips at least with the abridged text. The River War is one of a handful of titles most likely to be found in numerous variations in comprehensive Churchill libraries, many of which contain a dozen or more editions. Some collectors make the acquisition of every edition and impression of The River War, including foreign-language editions, a lifetime quest.
-Richard M. Langworth
From the Reviews
"The salient features of The River War are clearly brought out…A brief sketch of the rebellion of the Mahdi, Gordon's part in it, the history of the Dervish Empire and the preparations for its overthrow, is followed by an account, in greater or lesser detail, of every important step in the advance of the Anglo-Egyptian army.
Our author is not at his best when describing the campaign in which he took part. Not unnaturally he dwells at too great length on the incidents, sometimes trivial, of which he was an eye-witness. His account of the battle of Omdurman, especially, suffers for this reason. [Today, because of Churchill's subsequent career, the campaign in which he took a part, and Omdurman in particular, are considered among the highlights of the book. -RML]
The impression of the Sirdar [Kitchener] left by the narrative is forcible and not marred by too in- discriminate praise. He appears throughout a stern, unsympathetic man, unmoved in threatened disaster or in brilliant success, fertile in resources, with eye keen to observe the smallest details in every department; a martinet but not a slave to red tape…
"The history appropriately ends with a tribute to one whose name seldom appears in its pages, but to whom possibly even more than to the Sirdar, belongs the chief credit of a great achievement. In developing and civilizing the Sudan, Churchill says, 'To persevere and trust Lord Cromer is the watchword of the Englishman in Egypt.'
—The Nation, New York, 15 February 1900.
Some describe the binding as blue, others green; most first-time viewers say it is "blue-green." The First Edition is physically beautiful and, perhaps, the most luxurious of all Churchill trade editions. The rich and evocative cover and spine artwork is complemented by Angus McNeill's wonderful line drawings, elegant fold-out maps printed in full color, and thick, creamy page stock, which is often found today still in magnificent condition after nearly a century. Dust jackets are virtually extinct; we know of only one pair. The rear catalogue in Volume I, not mentioned by Frederick Woods in his bibliography, appears in about half the copies encountered. Catalogue dates are 12/99 for the second impression and 7/00 for the third impression.
The First Edition of The River War is scarce, and truly fine copies are hardly ever seen. The heavy pages put a lot of strain on the binding, and many copies are found with hinge or gutter breaks; it is a hard choice either to make repairs (which usually require new replica endpapers) or to preserve originality. If you choose originality, be extremely careful when handling the volumes.
From both literary and collectibility standpoints, this is one of the gems of any Churchill library. Second and third impressions are worth about 40-60 percent of first impressions in comparable condition, and the prices of all editions are high.
Cohen A2.1/Woods A2(a)
Publisher: Longmans, Green, and Co., London, 1899
Dark blue-green cloth gilt stamped on the spine and front cover. Demy 8vo, two volumes, 488 pages numbered (i) (xxiv), (1)-462 (2) and 516 pages numbered (2), (i)-(xiv), (1)-499, (1), printed on high-quality thick coated paper, with or without a 32-page rear catalogue supplement printed on cheap stock; illustrations by Angus McNeill of the Seaforth Highlanders; frontispiece and other portraits; maps and plans. (Contrary to Woods there are eleven, not six, folding maps.) Published 6 November 1899 at 36 shillings ($9), a towering price in an age when £1 per week was a living wage. U.S. copies sold for $10.
Quantities and Impressions
Three thousand copies were printed in three impressions with press orders for 2,000, 500 (January 1900) and 500 (June 1900). Later impressions are so labeled on title pages and dated 1900 instead of 1899. Half title versos are blank in first impressions; they advertise Malakand and Savrola in second impressions; and add London to Ladysmith to some but not all copies of the third impression.
Dust Jackets
Printed black on off-white stock, duplicating the style of the boards, with the Nile gunboat and author signature on the front face and the title, byline, Mahdi's tomb artwork and publisher in the usual places on the spine face. The flaps and rear face are blank. There is no difference in jacket design between the three impressions.
The only variation reported is the presence of the rear catalogue. Again, as in the case of Malakand, it is likely that copies sold in the U.S. were without the catalogue, but this does not constitute proof of a distinctly "American" issue since some books released in England also lack catalogues.
Second Edition (Abridged)
Cohen A2.2/Woods A2(b)
Red cloth gilt stamped on the spine and front cover; 8vo, 384 pages with or without 40-page rear catalogue supplement printed on cheap stock; frontispiece and other illustrations, maps and plans. Published 15 October 1902 at 10 shillings sixpence ($3.75); some copies exported for sale at $4 by Longmans, Green in New York, where it was published on 13 December. Note: While Woods correctly describes this edition, "bound as the 1899 edition, but with the volume number deleted," he does not say it is in red, not blue-green cloth, and usually (but not always) carries a blind rule around the edge of the front board.
The first impression of 1,000 copies was followed by a second impression (not noted by Woods). The second impression is so labeled on the title page, and on the verso of its half-title is a boxed advertisement for other works from the Longmans catalogue. Second impressions encountered, to date, contain this catalogue.
None have been reported. Presumably, they resembled the known jackets for the First Edition, but without volume numbers.
A variant binding of the first impression exists in rough red cloth without the usual blind rule on the top boards. Because these copies omit the London publisher's rear catalogue, it has been speculated that this was a binding for copies sold by Longmans in New York; however, some otherwise standard copies sold new by London bookshops also omitted the rear catalogue.
The primary bibliographic importance of this work is its new material: a Preface by the author and a chapter describing the destruction of the Khalifa and the end of the war. Significant historically, is the fact that Churchill excised about one-fourth of his original text (notably his attacks on Kitchener) in creating this first one-volume edition, the text of which has been the source of every reprint to date. "What has been jettisoned," Churchill states in the Preface, "consists mainly of personal impressions and opinions, often controversial in character, which, however just, were not essential." Newly elected to Parliament, Churchill might have been trimming his sails for political expediency. On the other hand, his abundance of opinions had been criticized long before he entered Parliament, so he may have been responding to such criticisms. Alas, many detailed appendices and all drawings, as well as the exquisite fold-out color maps, were also deleted, and have not reappeared to date.
For its important additions and deletions, this book or one of its successors belongs on the shelf alongside the First Edition. Copies are scarcer even than the First Edition, and are rarely encountered in fine condition; the heavy paper is prone to gutter breaks and spotting. The binding retains all the Victorian period splendor of the First Edition, however, and the 1902 edition of The River War remains one of the most desirable editions for bibliophiles.
Shilling Library Edition
Cohen A2.3 / Woods A2(c)
Publisher: Thomas Nelson & Sons, Ltd., London, 1915
Medium blue cloth gilt stamped, border rule on the front board blind stamped. 16mo, 458 pages plus a 22-page catalogue of other Nelson titles, frontispiece photograph, maps and plans. Published 4 August 1915 at 1 shilling (25c). Decorative endpapers printed light blue on white.
Quantity unknown. One impression, but remainders are possible
Publisher's standard jacket for the series, printed black on light blue, showing an author's photo and decorative border on the front face, other Nelson titles on flaps and rear face.
Books are known with and without gilt top staining. Black lettered spines (like the Nelson Malakand) have not been encountered by this writer.
The first of two Churchill titles in the Nelson series of small-format, low-priced books, this volume was followed in 1916 by the Nelson Malakand. Unlike the latter, it does not contain the label "cheap edition." Its existence was ignored by Eyre & Spottiswoode, which in 1933 published what they called the "first cheap edition" (see following entry). The Nelson Edition contains the 1902 text (re- set), including both appendices, but no index. Being inexpensive, it tended to be treated carelessly, and most copies are well worn or display gutter breaks.
Not often seen, the Nelson is desirable chiefly for collectors wishing to round out their holdings but has no intrinsic advantages. Jacketed copies are extremely rare.
Second Cheap Edition
Cohen A2.4 / Woods A2(d)
Seventeen years after the Nelson River War, a long-lived one-volume edition was produced in standard 8vo size, made up from plates of the 1902 edition and carrying the original pagination and index. This is important bibliographically for Churchill's new Introduction, in which he expresses happiness that The River War is having a new lease on life, hoping that his countrymen "may learn from it how much harder it is to build up and acquire, than to squander and cast away." He was obviously referring to the India Bill, which in 1933 he was vainly opposing. For this new Introduction alone, the work is significant.
Cohen A2.4
Publisher: Eyre & Spottiswoode, London, 1933
Lilac cloth stamped black on the spine (1933-41); yellow-tan cloth gilt stamped (1949 -51); grey cloth gilt stamped (1965 remainder binding). Plain boards, 8vo. First published January 1933 at 10s 6d. ($2.65). Woods A2(d).
• First impression, January 1933 (states "First Cheap Edition" on title page verso): 3,000 copies
• Second impression, March 1933 ("Second Cheap Edition"): 1,000 copies
• Third impression, 1941 ("Third Cheap Edition"): 1,250 copies.* The 1941 boards are noticeably thinner than in the other impressions.
• Fourth impression, June 1949 (states "Third Edition"): 3,000 copies
• Fifth impression, May 1951 (states "Third Edition"): 2,600 copies
• Remainder binding, 1965 (from 1951 sheets, but grey cloth, jacket advertises 1965 books)
Total press run: 10,850
*Woods says the Third impression was printed in 1941 and sold at 15s; in fact, it was printed on 25 February 1941, not 1940 as stated on the title page verso, and sold for 7s 6d.
• First impression, 1933: black and light blue on white, side view of Churchill at his desk. Rear face: advertisements for a Metternich biography and Liddell Hart's Foch. Spine price "7s 6d." This dust jacket is commonly found on later impressions and may have been interchanged by the publisher.
• Second impression, 1933: black on off-white, not illustrated, title/subtitle/byline on front face, back face blank, spine price "7s 6d net" (This impression has been found in a jack- et identical to the first impression, adding "net" to the spine price, indicating possible issuance of remainder copies with the new jacket design sometime between 1933 and 1940.)
• Third impression, 1941 ("1940"): black and light blue on white in the 1933 style but photo shows Churchill facing the camera; back face is blank, flap price is 10s 6d but the price is not repeated on the spine. (Some third impressions carry first impression dust jackets.)
• Fourth impression, 1949: printed red and navy on tan with a contemporary photo of Churchill and map of the upper Nile, back face advertisement for The War in Malaya, flap price 15/.
• Fifth impression, 1951: As 1949, back face advertisement for A History of Europe, flap price 21/.
• Remainder binding, 1965: red on yellow, unillustrated, title/byline on front face; back face adverts for Frontiers and Wars and Violet Bonham Carter's Winston Churchill As We Knew Him.
Copies of the 1933 first impression and the 1941 ("1940") impression are known to exist in mauve cloth, and this writer has seen a copy (impression unknown) in blue-grey cloth. A copy of the 1949 impression exists blocked dark brown instead of gilt. The six different versions of this work are easily identified; the text is uniform throughout.
Jacketed copies, especially 1933-41, are rare and desirable; jacketed postwar copies are more readily available but even they usually command high prices; unjacketed copies are presently quite common, especially the first 1933 impression and the postwar impressions. Readers interested in sound hardbound reading copies of The River War should make their choice from among these volumes; the more recent, the more likely they are to be in good condition.
American Issue
Cohen A2.5/ICS A2db
Publisher: Charles Scribners Sons, New York, 1933
Lilac cloth stamped black on spine, plain boards. Published 1933 at $2.75. This issue is labeled "Printed in Great Britain" on the title page verso and in effect constitutes the first separate American issue. The binding was probably also done in England, using English sheets and a Scribner title page cancel, since copies are 8vo, bound in the identical lilac cloth, and contain the same signature marks of the Eyre & Spottiswoode copies. The dust jacket is unique, bearing R. C. Woodville's dramatic illustration of the Charge of the 21st Lancers (see early copies of My Early Life) and is especially attractive. This is a highly desirable variant, known to few, and not in Woods.
Four Square Edition
Cohen A2.6 / ICS A2e
Publisher: Landsborough Publications Ltd., London, 1960
The first paperback edition, Four Square no. 195, was released at 3 shillings sixpence (49c). The cover is a Karsh photo-based painting of Churchill c. World War II superimposed on a group of lancers observing the approaching Dervish Army. Second impression, 1964. Both impressions have 352 pages, but the second uses photographically reduced type and the pagination is different. Not in Woods.
Note: "Sphere Edition" (formerly ICS A2f)
Woods mentions a Sphere paperback. No copies have ever been encountered by anyone this writer has consulted, and it appears that he was referring to the Four Square Edition.
Award Edition
Cohen A2.7 / ICS A2g
Publisher: Universal Publishing & Distributing Corp., New York, 1964
The first American paperback was published in December 1964 at 75c, and incorrectly labeled, "never before published in paperback." The cover bears a Karsh photo of Churchill with Dervishes and Lancers on horseback. It is number KA123S in the Award Books Military Library. 352 pages. Second impression, 1965. Not in Woods.
New English Library Edition
Cohen A2.8 / ICS A2h
Publisher: N.E.L. Division, Times Mirror Books, Ltd., London, 1973
Published December 1973 at 50p ($1.40) with cover artwork of a patrol of Lancers in the desert. 352 pages. The second impression, issued April 1985 by the N.E.L. under management of Hodder & Stoughton at Sevenoaks, Kent, cost £2.75 and carried a new cover lettered gold on blue with a different Woodville painting of the Omdurman charge than chosen for the 1933 Scribner's edition. Not in Woods.
Sceptre Edition
Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton, Sevenoaks, Kent, 1987
Published in 1987 by Hodder & Stoughton's Sceptre Books imprint at £6.95, with a new introduc- tion by Sir John Colville, retaining the Woodville painting from the N.E.L. paperback on a tan cover printed black, red and blue; one impression. An oversize paperback, 7 3/4 x 5", 368 pages. Not in Woods.
Swedish: KRIGET VID FLODEN
Published by Skoglunds Bokforlag, Stockholm 1938 at kr 9.5. 8vo, 398 pages, issued in clothbound and in grey card wraps printed black and red-orange. There is no mention of a bound copy; typical practice suggests that a bound version came later. The indefatigable Emery Reves helped Churchill organize his foreign language publishing efforts before the war, and a long relationship began with the Swedish publishers Skoglunds.
Click here for a list of terminology, bibliographic information, and other notes.
A Connoisseur's Guide
to the Books of
by Richard M. Langworth
LONDON TO LADYSMITH VIA PRETORIA
IAN HAMILTON'S MARCH
MR. BRODRICK'S ARMY
FOR FREE TRADE
LIBERALISM AND THE SOCIAL PROBLEM
THE PEOPLE'S RIGHTS
THE WORLD CRISIS
MY EARLY LIFE
THOUGHTS AND ADVENTURES
MARLBOROUGH: HIS LIFE & TIMES
GREAT CONTEMPORARIES
ARMS AND THE COVENANT
STEP BY STEP 1936-1939
THE WAR SPEECHES
THE POST-WAR SPEECHES
PAINTING AS A PASTIME
A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING PEOPLES
FRONTIERS AND WARS
YOUNG WINSTON'S WARS
IF I LIVED MY LIFE AGAIN
POSTHUMOUS COLLECTED EDITIONS
THE DREAM & THE CHARTWELL BULLETINS
TERMINOLOGY & NOTES

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Previous (Hebrew Bible)
Next (Hecate)
al-Khalil
Downtown Hebron.
Nickname: "[Abraham] the friend"
Hebron is located in the southern West Bank
Hebron Governorate
- Type
- Mayor
Mustafa Abdel Nabi
Elevation 930 m (3,051 ft)
Hebron is a city in the southern Judea region of the West Bank, 30 km south of Jerusalem. It is home to some 120,000 Palestinians and 600-800 Israeli settlers. Another 7,000 Israelis live in the suburb of Qiryat Arba (or Kiryat Arba) on the outskirts of Hebron. It is famous for its grapes, limestone, pottery workshops and glassblowing factories. The old city of Hebron is characterized by narrow, winding streets, flat-roofed stone houses, and old bazaars. It is home to Hebron University and the Palestine Polytechnic University.
The most famous historic site in Hebron sits on the Cave of the Patriarchs. The site is holy to the three Abrahamic faiths: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. According to the book of Genesis, Abraham purchased the cave and the field surrounding it to bury his wife Sarah. The cave ultimately became the burial site for Abraham himself as well as Isaac and Rebekah, and Jacob and Leah. For this reason, Hebron is considered the second of the four holiest cities in Judaism (along with Jerusalem, Tiberias and Tzfat). The cave itself, also known as the Cave of Machpelah, is considered the second holiest site in Judaism, and churches, synagogues and mosques have been built there throughout history. It is surmounted by a large mosque, al-Haram al-Ibrahimi al-Khalil (The Sanctuary of Abraham, the Friend). Both Jewish and Muslim services are held there, the tomb being opened to all worshippers following the 1967 Six-Day War, after having been closed to non-Muslims for the previous 700 years.
1.1 Ancient period
1.3 Ottoman rule
1.4 Under the British mandate
1.5 Jordanian rule
1.6 Israeli rule and Jewish settlement
2 Peace Accords
2.1 Agreement on the Temporary International Presence in Hebron
2.2 Post Accords
Hebron has been a city of conflict between Palestinian residents and Israeli Settlers and has required the support of the international community serving as a stabilizing, buffering, force.
Hebron is one of the most ancient cities in the Middle East, and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Hebron was an ancient Canaanite royal city, which according to archaeological findings was probably founded in 3,500 B.C.E., and mentioned in the Bible as existing during the eighteenth century B.C.E.
The Cave of the Patriarchs.
Abraham purchased the Cave of Machpelah in Hebron as a burial place for his wife, Sarah, from Ephron the Hittite (Genesis 23). This eventually became the burial place not only for Sarah, but also for Abraham, Isaac and his wife Rebekah, and Jacob and his wife Leah. This site is now known as Cave of the Patriarchs and, according to Midrashic sources it also contains the head of Esau, and to Islamic sources, is also the tomb of Joseph, son of Jacob.
Hebron is mentioned as being formerly called Kiryat Arba, Kirjath-arba or Qiryat Arba' (Hebrew meaning "City of the Four"), before being conquered by Joshua and the Israelites (Joshua 14).
Hebron became one of the principal centers of the Tribe of Judah. The Judahite David was commanded by God to go to Hebron. He was annointed king there and reigned in the city until the capture of Jerusalem, when the capital of the Kingdom of Israel was moved to that city (II Samuel 2–5). Jar handle stamps bearing Hebrew letters (LMLK seals) dating from 700 B.C.E., the oldest known inscription naming the city, have been found in Hebron.
Following the destruction of the First Temple, most of the Jewish inhabitants of Hebron were exiled and their place was taken by Edomites at about 587 B.C.E. Herod the Great built the wall which still surrounds the Cave of Machpelah. During the first war against the Romans, Hebron was conquered by Simon Bar Giora, the leader of the Sicarii. Eventually it became part of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Emperor Justinian I erected a Christian church over the Cave of Machpelah in the sixth century C.E. which was later destroyed by the Sassanids.
The Islamic Caliphate established rule over Hebron without resistance in 638. During this period, Muslims converted the Byzantine church at the site of Abraham's tomb into a mosque. Trade greatly expanded, in particular with bedouins in the Negev and the population to the east of the Dead Sea. Both Muslim and Christian sources note that Umar allowed Jews to build a synagogue and burial ground near the Cave of Machpelah. In the 9th century, Zedakah b. Shomron, a Karaite scholar, wrote about a permanent Jewish presence, and a Jewish man was described as the "keeper of the cave." El Makdesi, an Arab historian, described "a synagogue and central kitchen which the Jews had set up for all the pilgrims rich and poor" at the turn of the century.
Maimonides established a yearly holiday for himself and his sons, the 9th of Cheshvan, commemorating the day he merited to pray at the Cave of the Patriarchs.
Arab rule lasted until 1099, when the Christian Crusader Godfrey de Bouillon took Hebron in 1099 and renamed it "Castellion Saint Abraham." The Crusaders converted the mosque and the synagogue into a church and expelled the Jews living there. Towards the end of the period of Crusader rule, in 1166 Maimonides was able to visit Hebron and wrote,
"And on the first day of the week, the ninth day of the month of Marheshvan, I left Jerusalem for Hebron to kiss the graves of my forefathers in the Cave of Makhpela. And on that very day, I stood in the cave and I prayed, praised be God for everything."
The Kurdish Muslim Salaḥ ed-Dīn took Hebron in 1187, and re-named the city "Hebron." Richard the Lionheart subsequently took the city soon after.
In 1260, al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baibars al-Bunduqdari established Mamluk rule; the minarets were built onto the structure of the Cave of Machpelah/Ibrahami Mosque at that time. During this period, a small Jewish community continued to live in Hebron; however, the climate was less tolerant of Jews and Christians than it had been under prior Islamic rule. Jews wishing to visit the tomb were often taxed, and in 1266 a decree was established barring Jews and Christians from entering the Tomb of the Patriarchs; they were only allowed to climb partway up the steps outside the Eastern wall.
Many Jewish and Christian visitors wrote about the community, among them a student of Nachmanides (1270), Rabbi Ishtori Haparchi (1322), Stephen von Gumfenberg (1449), Rabbi Meshulam from Voltara (1481) and Rabbi Ovadia mi Bertinoro, a famous biblical commentator (1489). As early as 1333, there was an account from Hakham Yishak Hilo of Larissa, Greece, who arrived in Hebron and observed Jews working in the cotton trade and glassworks. He noted that in Hebron there was an "ancient synagogue in which they prayed day and night."
Ottoman rule
Throughout the Ottoman Empire rule, (1517-1917), groups of Jews from other parts of the Holy Land, and exiles from Spain and other parts of the diaspora settled in Hebron. The city at that time became a center of Jewish learning. In 1540 Rabbi Malkiel Ashkenazi bought a courtyard and established the Abraham Avinu Synagogue. In 1807, the Jewish community purchased a five dunam (5,000 m²) plot upon which the city's wholesale market stands today. Another pogrom took place in 1834. In 1831, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt took over Hebron until 1840.
Under the British mandate
Early in the twentieth century, Hebron was predominately a Muslim Arab city with a Jewish community of about 750. In December 1917 and during World War I, Great Britain occupied Hebron.
On August 20, 1929, after Arab attacks in Jerusalem, Haganah leaders proposed to provide defense for the Jews of the Yishuv in Hebron, or to help them evacuate. However, the leaders of the Hebron community declined these offers, insisting that they trusted the A'yan (Arab notables) to protect them.
The following Friday, August 23, inflamed by rumors that Jews were about to attack al-Aqsa Mosque, Arabs began attacking Jews in the Old City of Jerusalem. The rumors and subsequent violence quickly spread to other parts of Palestine, with the worst killings occurring in Hebron and Safed. Other murderous assaults took place in Motza, Kfar Uriyah, and Tel Aviv.
In Hebron, sixty Jews were wounded while 67 were killed. Eight others died later from wounds suffered during what became known as the "Arab Riots of 1929." Jewish homes and synagogues were ransacked. Most of the remaining Jewish community left the city. [1] Two years later, 35 families moved back into the ruins of the Jewish quarter, but after further riots, the British Government decided to move all Jews out of Hebron "to prevent another massacre."
Hebron remained as a part of the British mandate until 1948.
Jordanian rule
King Hussein of Jordan. Jordan ruled the West Bank from 1948 until June 1967.
Following the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, the West Bank and East Jerusalem were ruled by Jordan for a period of nearly two decades, from 1948 until the 1967 Six-Day War. Rather than attempting to establish an independent Palestinian state for its West Bank subjects, Jordan formally annexed East Jerusalem and the West Bank on April 24, 1950, giving all resident Palestinians automatic Jordanian citizenship.
Only the United Kingdom and Pakistan formally recognized the annexation of the West Bank, de facto in the case of East Jerusalem.
Tensions continued between Jordan and Israel through the early fifties, with Palestinian guerrillas and Israeli commandos crossing the Green Line despite the Jordanian army's efforts to prevent both occurrences. The Qibya massacre, in which an Israeli commando unit killed 50 civilians within the West Bank in retaliation for Palestinian infiltrators' killing of three Israeli civilians, is one of the best known examples.
Israeli rule and Jewish settlement
Following the Six Day War, in June 1967, the rule of Hebron changed from Jordanian to Israeli hands.
In an interview with the BBC on July 12 of that year, Former Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion declared that, in the cause of peace, Israel should take nothing in the conquered territories, with the exception of Hebron, which "is more Jewish even than Jerusalem." According to Randolph Churchill, Ben-Gurion argued that
"Jerusalem became Jewish three thousand years ago under King David but Hebron became Jewish four thousand years ago under Abraham and included a number of settlements that were destroyed two days before Israel was established." [2]
In 1968, a group of Jews led by Rabbi Moshe Levinger rented out the main hotel in Hebron, and then refused to leave. According to the American Jewish historian Ian Lustik:
"The government was caught by surprise. Internally divided, depending for its survival on the votes of the National Religious Party, and reluctant to forcibly evacuate the settlers from a city whose Jewish population had been massacred thirty-nine years earlier, the Labor government backed away from its original prohibition against civilian settlement in the area and permitted this group to remain within a military compound. After more than a year and a half of agitation and a bloody Arab attack on the Hebron settlers, the government agreed to allow Levinger's group to establish a town on the outskirts of the city."
Levinger's group moved to a nearby abandoned army camp and established the settlement of Kiryat Arba. In 1979, Levinger's wife led 30 Jewish women to take over the former Hadassah Hospital, Daboya Hospital, now Beit Hadassah in central Hebron, founding the Committee of The Jewish Community of Hebron. Before long this received Israeli government approval and a further three Jewish enclaves in the city were established with army assistance.
Star of David carved above entrance to an Arab home in the old city of Hebron.
Jews living in these settlements and their supporters claim that they are resettling areas where Jews have lived since time immemorial, for example citing the Star of David carved into the keystone above some of the doorways of Arab populated homes in the old city. [3] However, some reports, both foreign and Israeli, are sharply critical of the settlers. [4]
The sentiments of Jews who fled the 1929 Hebron massacre and their descendants are mixed. Some advocate the continued settlement of Hebron as a way to continue the Jewish heritage in the city, while others suggest that settlers should try to live in peace with the Arabs there, with some even recommending the complete pullout of all settlers in Hebron. Descendants supporting the latter views have met with Palestinian leaders in Hebron. The two most public examples of the descendants' views are the 1997 statement made by an association comprised of some descendants dissociating themselves from the then-current Jewish settlers in Hebron and calling them an obstacle to peace. [5] The second is a May 15, 2006 letter sent to the Israeli government by other descendants urging the government to continue its support of Jewish settlement in Hebron in their names, and urged it to allow the return of eight Jewish families evacuated the previous January from the homes they set up in empty shops near the Avraham Avinu neighborhood. [6]
Peace Accords
Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on September 13, 1993.
The Oslo Accords, officially called the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles, were finalized in Oslo, Norway on August 20, 1993, and subsequently officially signed at a public ceremony in Washington, DC on September 13, 1993, with Yasser Arafat signing for the Palestine Liberation Organization and Shimon Peres signing for the State of Israel. U.S. President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, and Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev were also present.
The Accords were a culmination of a series of both secret and public agreements, dating particularly from the Madrid Conference of 1991 onward, and negotiated between the Israeli government and the Palestine Liberation Organization (acting as representatives of the Palestinian people) in 1993 as part of the peace process attempting to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Related to the Oslo Accords were a series of further diplomatic accords. One of these, the Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron, also known as The Hebron Protocol or Hebron Agreement, took place in January 1997 between Israel, represented by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and the PLO, represented by Chairman Yasser Arafat. Supervised by US Secretary of State Warren Christopher, they were an agreement for redeployment of Israeli military forces in Hebron in accordance with the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (the Interim Agreement or "Oslo II") of September 1995.
The Hebron Protocol represented significant gains for the Palestinians. Prime Minister Netanyahu betrayed some of his supporters in his Likud party. In reality the Likud was endorsing the notion of "land for peace." The Israelis did gain from the agreement, in the details of the redeployment arrangements and in the right of Jewish settlers to remain in Hebron. Israel did not obtain control of the redeployment's scope, notwithstanding American reassurance.
Agreement on the Temporary International Presence in Hebron
The mostly deserted market in the old city.
The Hebron protocol brought in the Temporary International Presence in Hebron (TIPH). This is understood to have been in response to the Israeli terrorist Dr. Baruch Goldstein, who killed 29 Palestinian worshipers in Hebron three years earlier (1994). Thus the Israelis agreed to the Palestinian demand for an outside observer in Hebron. The Interim Agreement had provided that as part of the redeployment of Israeli military forces in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, there would be the establishment of a Temporary International Presence in Hebron (TIPH). During the period between the conclusion of the Interim Agreement and the Hebron Protocol, the two sides invited Norway to send a group of 50-60 Norwegians to act as an "advance TIPH" preparing for the new TIPH to be established following the redeployment. Under an Agreement dated May 9, 1996, the Norwegian personnel arrived and commenced their operation. When the Hebron negotiations were completed and signed, it also provided that the TIPH would consist of up to 180 persons from Norway, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey, with Norway being responsible for the coordination of the TIPH's activity.
The task of the TIPH was to monitor and report on efforts to maintain normal life in Hebron, to provide a feeling of security among the Palestinians of the city and to help promote stability. In addition, the TIPH personnel were to assist in the promotion and execution of projects, to encourage economic development and growth in the city and to provide reports. The TIPH had no military or police functions.
Post Accords
Israeli Police and Army personnel in Hebron during the Second Intifada, November 2000.
Palestinian youths hurl stones at Israeli soldiers in Hebron, November 2000.
Since early 1997 the city has been divided into two sectors: H1 and H2. The H1 sector, home to around 120,000 Palestinians, came under the control of the Palestinian Authority, in accordance with Hebron Protocol. H2, which was inhabited by around 30,000 Palestinians, [7] remained under Israeli military control in order to protect the 600 to 800 Jewish residents living in the old Jewish quarter, now an enclave near the center of the town.
During the years since the outbreak of the Second Intifada, the Palestinian population in H2 has decreased greatly, the drop in large part having been identified with extended curfews and movement restrictions placed on Palestinian residents of the sector by the IDF for security reasons, including the closing of Palestinian shops in certain areas. Settler harassment of their Palestinian neighbors in H2 was a reason for several dozen Palestinian families to depart the areas adjacent to the Israeli population. In the three years between 2000 and 2003, 43 percent left their homes. In some neighborhoods over half the population have relocated due to Settler violence, and many of those who remain are too deep in poverty to move. [8]
The Hebron Jewish community has been subject to many attacks by Palestinian militants since the Oslo agreement, especially during the period of the Second Intifada which saw suicide bombings, stabbings, and thousands of rounds fired on it from the Abu-Sneina neighborhood above it. Israelis have been killed in separate incidents, while two TIPH observers were killed by Palestinian gunmen in a shooting attack on the road to Hebron. [9]
In 1995 Hebron's mayor, Mustafa Abdel Nabi, invited the Christian Peacemaker Teams to assist the local Palestinian community in opposition to what they described as "Israeli military occupation, collective punishment, settler harassment, home demolitions and land confiscation." [10] They have maintained a presence in the community despite attacks against them, the most noted being in 2004 when two corps members, Kimberly Lamberty and Christopher Brown were attacked while walking Palestinian Children to school. [11]
↑ Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Hebron Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Randolph Churchill and Winston S. Churchill. The Six Day War. (House of Stratus; New Ed. (original 1967) 2002. ISBN 0755106334), 199 citing "The World at One" BBC radio, July 12, 1967.
↑ Christian Peacemaking Teams. Hebron Update Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Radin, Charles A. July 31, 2002. A top Israeli Says Settlers Incited Riot In Hebron The Boston Globe. Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Alan Sipress. March 3, 1997. Hebron descendants decry actions of current settlers They are kin of the Jews ousted in 1929 Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved December 3, 2007.
↑ Tovah Lazaroff. May 16, 2006. Hebron Jews' offspring divided over city's fate Jerusalem Post. Retrieved December 3, 2007.
↑ Meron Rapoport. November 17, 2005. Ghost town Haaretz. Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Karen Koning AbuZayd. October 10, 2006. Palestine Refugees: a challenge for the International Community United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. (via Relief Web). Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Australian Broadcasting Corporation. March 27, 2002. Two Norwegian observers killed near Hebron, Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Christian Peacemaker Teams. History, Mission of CPT Retrieved December 2, 2007.
↑ Caryle Murphy. October 9, 2004. D.C. Volunteer Finds No Peace On West Bank The Washington Post. Retrieved December 2, 2007.
Gish, Arthur G. 2001. Hebron journal stories of nonviolent peacemaking. Scottdale, Pa: Herald Press. ISBN 0836191684
Leavitt, June O. 2002. Storm of terror a Hebron mother's diary. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 1566634679
Lewin, Ariel. 2005. The archaeology of Ancient Judea and Palestine. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum. ISBN 0892368004
All links retrieved December 12, 2017.
Virtual Israel Experience. Hebron.
CRW Flags. Har Hebron (Israel, Judea and Samaria/West Bank Occupied Territories).
Pasko, Ariel Natan. May 28, 2003. Jerusalemizing Hebron. Arutz Sheva.
Hebron history
Rule_of_the_West_Bank_and_East_Jerusalem_by_Jordan history
1929_Hebron_massacre history
Protocol_Concerning_the_Redeployment_in_Hebron history
History of "Hebron"
Retrieved from //www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Hebron&oldid=1008240


We have been Enjoying Fall! The leaves have turned different colors, the weather is much cooler, and we have changes our preschool theme from farm to fall!
Circle Time– During Circle time we sing songs, nursery rhymes, counting, group game, read books, weather and calendar, and will talk about the day. I do songs, poems and books based on what our theme is! Want more information about circle time go here! My Little ones have really been into doing our calendar! We use this one.
Reading Readiness- We are doing 2 letters a week (most weeks) We work on Letter and Sound recognition. Only doing one letter with the toddler I watch. My preschoolers already know their Capital Letters and most of the Lower Case so it is really getting them to learn the sounds that letters make. And we read read read!
I sing the song-A says a, A say a, every letter makes a sound and A say a, a a a apple, a a a ape, a a a ant.
This week we did Ll and Mm You can find the letters collages here. We do packet 1 pages 2 and 6 each week for each letter!
Writing Readiness- Coloring, Do a Dot pages. Any activity that has them working on fine motor skills is great for writing readiness for 2 and 3 year olds! Lacing cards, play-dough, painting, sandpaper letter etc.
Activity/Craft- We made Fall Trees Here is the template for the trees and here is where I got the idea for how to paint them! We used yellow, orange, and red! We painted them with foil balls.
Life Skill-Sharing we have had to spend some time on sharing 🙂 One game we have played to work on colors has also been helpful with working on sharing! We have been playing pass the color. They just want to hold onto the crayon!
Worksheets- We have been doing fall worksheet and leave worksheets from 3dinosaurs fall pack and leave pack. We mainly have done what come next, color by size, and sorting pages.
Looking for more Fall theme activities check out my Pinterest board!
Follow Motivated Days's board Preschool Fall Theme on Pinterest.


A bed on one side of our house gets shade for most of the day but then, in summer, a big blast of intense late-afternoon light for 2-3 hours. Any advice on what perennials or flowering shrubs might do well here?
My guess is that in addition to 2-3 hours of intense light, you get pretty bright filtered light for another 2-3 hours or more. If that is the case, you should be able to grow a wide variety of plants. Loropetalum is a spring blooming evergreen which comes in a wide variety of mature sizes and does well in full sun to partial shade. It has purple foliage and pink flowers, or a green leafed variety with white flowers. Abelia is an old-fashioned evergreen which should do well in your situation and blooms all summer. Althea or rose-of-Sharon will do well, along with clethra and itea (deciduous mid-summer and late spring/summer bloomers). For perennials I think you should do well with coneflowers, Joe pye weed, daylilies, asters, rudbeckia and salvias. I think you have plenty of options.
This spring I planted a false spirea -- Astilbe japonica variety Red Sentinel. Can you tell me something about its care? Do I prune it or cut it back to the ground at some point, and if so, when?
Astilbe plants are often touted as shade perennials, but they do best in light shade. They prefer a rich garden soil with ample moisture with defused sunlight or morning sun and afternoon shade. Rarely will you see good blooms in heavy shade. Astilbes are deciduous and will die back to the soil line after a hard freeze. You can cut back the old foliage then, or leave the dried flower heads for winter interest and clean them up as new growth is beginning in the spring.


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Q: Vue.js links are not clickable, and Home component does not load by default Ok, I am JUST getting started with vue.js.  I've added a TypeScript vue.js project into an exiting Visual Studio 2017 solution. Out of the box that worked pretty well.
But now, I'm trying to do something that should be pretty simple... create some pages and navigate between them. I've found 3 or 4 tutorials but none of them match enough what I already have to make them adaptable, and I'm having a hard time finding what I need in vue.js's documentation.
Here's a screenshot of what my project looks like right now....

And here's the App.vue file:

And this is the router/index.js file:

With all of this, here's what is rendered in the browser:

This ALMOST correct except for two things:
1) The links for Home and Time Sheet are not rendered as clickable html links.  This is what they look like in dev tools:

2) I thought that the Home component would be loaded by default, but it's not.
So, two questions:
1) How fo I make the links clickable?
2) Why doesn't Home load by default?
EDIT:
Here's the main.ts file:

A: You would need to set up vue-router on your main.js file as well. here is an example:
import router from './router'
 new Vue({
   render: h => h(App),
   router
 }).$mount('#app')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Louder was founded in the spring 2005 by Anders Hagen and Ulf Mård. In the beginning we named our self MårdHagen. After 2 years we joined forces with a Finnish company called Elaimastaikurit and we became Louder.
Today we work in different areas and has evolved into a more conceptual agency than we were when we started. We love to help our clients find solutions to their challenges and always strife to make the best result.
If you need help with any type of activation Louder is the agency to contact.
Internfilm is a small film production compagnie with a big heart. We are breda in our production and create film for both companies, organizations and government agencies.
Our producers are experienced and have devoted most of their lifes to filmmaking. We do everything from start to finish in-house, which has been shown to be effective in terms of price. Above all it is the commitment and team spirit that enables us to have extremely satisfied and recurrent customers.
Hello Hi provides innovative design, visual communication and copywriting for online and offline channels. Our goal is to create amazing digital solutions and print designs that are both functional and beautiful.
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Theatre that Caught Our Eye
Cheap Theatre in Toronto
Life Games: Toronto 2010 Fringe Preview
July 7, 2010 Mira Saraf
Life Games produced by Ten Toes
In presentation with the Toronto Fringe Festival
The George Ignatieff Theatre located at 15 Devonshire Place
The premiere work of Ten Toes Dance Company, Life Games, is a witty, light hearted exploration of the trials and tribulations of life through innovative new dance. The work is collaboratively created by a trio of York University dance students and alumna including Hannah Greyson-Gaito, Emma Letki, and Julie McLachlan. Combining dance and theatre Ten Toes has created an easily accessible dance theatre performance, touching on subjects that everyone of can relate to – childhood, adolescence, and the multi layers adulthood.
Life Games follows three women from their childhood until late in their adulthood. Stumbling through hand games and video games the children mature into teens and adults. As adults the three women get caught up in the game of life, but find time to reflect on the joys of life.
Together Greyson-Gaito and Letki have worked on other choreographic endeavors including Army of Two, a duet directed by Greyson-Gaito as part of the Greysongaito Company. Respectively they act as editor and treasurer of Merge Zine, written by and for emerging dance artists in Canada.
Friday July 2 – 8:45
Saturday July 3 – 1:45
Sunday July 4 – 3:00
Monday July 5 – 10:15
Wednesday July 7 – 5:45
Saturday July 10 – 12:30
Sunday July 11 – 7:30
Three ways to purchase in advance
1) On-Line @ www.fringetoronto.com
2) By phone: 416-966-1062
3) In person at the advanced ticket box office June 30 – July 11, noon – 8pm
Hannah Greyson-Gaito
Emma Letki
Julie McLachlan
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We were all born into a life of sin, but we don't have to stay there. Salvation is available to anyone who desires to change that!
With "Sinner" displayed so boldly on the front of Sinner/ Saved, this shirt is bound to be a conversation starter! But the most amazing part about this shirt is that it doesn't end there. The back of the shirt proudly proclaims who you are after Christ: Saved. Evangelism happens every time you wear Sinner/ Saved!


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Aladağ is een Turks district in de provincie Adana en telt 15.896 inwoners (2017). Tien jaar eerder woonden er nog 17.506 mensen in het district. Hoofdplaats is de gelijknamige stad Aladağ.

Plaatsen in het district
Boztahta
Büyüksofulu
Ceritler
Darılık
Dayılar
Dölekli
Eğner
Gerdibi
Gökçe
İbrişim
Kabasakal
Karahan
Kıcak
Kışlak
Kızıldam
Kökez
Köprücek
Küp
Madenli
Mazılık
Topallı
Uzunkuyu
Yağbasan
Yeniköy
Yetimli
Yüksekören

District van Turkije
Adana


Speaker and popular media contributor Kate Hardcastle is a highly regarded and respected international retail and commercial expert. An award winning businesswoman she has over 20 years of retail experience and she is much in demand as a consultant advising household names to help them reach more customers, transform the customer experience and become more successful. Kate speaks at events across industries including travel, spa, interiors and retail.
To book Kate Hardcastle for your next event, contact us today.
Kate is known for her determination to transform the customer experience in the UK and beyond. She is often referred to as the "Queen of customer service" as it is central to her belief of how the retail sector can engage with consumers. A consumer champion who listens and translates consumer needs she has worked with major household brands including Silentnight, and in 2011 established the Customer at the Heart Awards, rewarding great customer service.
Adept at working in the independent sector or with multi-nationals, Kate has combined a "back to basics" pragmatic approach with a career built on helping brands expand and raise their profile.
One of Kate's most well-known seminars explores the practice of Retail Theatre. Delivered around the globe it provides advice to retailers and businesses on using the five senses to entice consumers and increase footfall and profitability.
Kate's career highs include Business Founder at IWP, General Manager at Halo Intl, Marketing Chief at Silentnight and her impressive expertise covers consumer Insight, Brand, Marketing and Communications & Retail She is a regular contributor and industry commentator to Sky News, BBC as well as many prevalent trade publications. She is also Patron of a district of the RSPCA, Founder and Chairwoman of The Charity Dreamgirls and Founding Partner of business transformation organisation Insight with Passion.


Former presenters were Melissa Dorn Richards, Kendall Polster, Katie E. Martin, Dale Knaak, Kay Jelinek, Holly Bakich, Denise Presnell Weidner, Kitty Klich, Dara Larson, Bonnie de Arteaga, to name a few.
Who Doesn't Like A Good Selfie?
The Art Foundations 3 students just finished a series of Selfies. Each one as unique as they are. Students learned various color pencil techniques, which they were to select up to 3 that they wanted to incorporate within their drawing. Students were encouraged to approach it traditionally or experiment with non-traditional use of color.
Today Mr. Juarez presented the 365 Artists 365 Days Project at the Wisconsin Art Education Association Fall Conference at the Bruce Guadalupe Community School in Milwaukee. This project is used as a vehicle to infuse Literacy into the art room. This project exposes, educates, and engages his Art Foundations 1/2 students into the world of Contemporary Art through the use of technology, silent reading, group discussion, and individual work on a weekly basis.
Mr. Juarez is currently compiling a list consisting of artists' names, locations, website and genres. To receive this database email Mr. Juarez at fjuarez(at)sasd.net and in the subject box type: 365 Database. This will become available in early January 2015.
Mr. Juarez is available to talk to any teacher interested in implementing this project into his/her art curriculum.
On January 1, 2014, Frank Juarez from the Frank Juarez Gallery (Sheboygan) and Rachel Quirk and Zina Mussman from the Greymatter Gallery (Milwaukee) launched the 365 Artists 365 Days Project to the world.
What started as a way to spotlight contemporary artists daily from across the country blossomed into getting the attention of artists from across the globe such as Germany, Slovenia, Australia, Russia, London, Serbia, Israel and the United Kingdom.
Click here to download his presentation and handout(s).
All questions can be directed to Frank Juarez, art department chair, at fjuarez(at)sasd.net.
The Drawing Intensive art students are doing a series of artworks that deal with a variety of artistic practices. In their first sketchbook assignment students were asked to appropriate an found image and give it their own unique perspective.
Appropriation is defined as borrowing someone else's work and manipulating it through their own artistic influences, practice and ideas.


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Sociable Cider introduces barrel-aging program
August 15, 2016 by Ryan Tuenge Leave a Comment
Barrels in Sociable's taproom // Photo by Aaron Davidson, The Growler
Sociable Cider Werks co-owner Jim Watkins is never satisfied. He's always tinkering with things, whether it's cooking a steak or sourcing apples for the cider served at the taproom in Northeast Minneapolis. It's no wonder then that the Sociable team is experimenting with the complex flavors that come from barrel-aging their fermented fruit beverage.
The plan is fairly simple. Sociable sourced barrels from several distilleries, including High West in Utah and Panther Distillery in Osakis, Minnesota. They'll fill them with cider and let the oak do its thing.
"There's so much you can do on the back end of cider when it comes to flavor," says Watkins. This was the motivation for him, to play with flavors and share the results with people. "I really like barrel-aged ciders but cider is delicate. If you're going to spend time on it, you really want to go subtle on the wood," he explains.
Barrels from Panther Distillery is Osakis, Minnesota // Photo by Aaron Davidson, The Growler
Bourbon barrels tend to work well, Watkins says, since the tannins have been pulled from the wood for at least three years. One of Sociable's more successful experiments was a cider aged in a bourbon barrel that had most recently held honey. "This one developed so many cool flavors," he recalls. "There was a big floral component to it." It will be one of the many barrel-aged releases to hit 750-milliliter bottles in the coming months.
First up, though, will be a batch of Freewheeler aged in a sauvignon blanc barrel—a special cider made in collaboration with Republic Seven Corners for the bar and restaurant's five-year anniversary. Matty O'Reilly (co-owner of Republic) provided a sauvignon blanc barrel, in which Sociable fermented a cider with Lactobacillus. Watkins explained that with cider, the Lacto actually mellows the flavor rather than turning it sour. The bulk of this batch will go into kegs with the rest hitting 750-milliliter bottles.
Related post – Four years on Seven Corners: A profile of Matty O'Reilly
"We bounced some ideas off each other about the base and then the vessel it should go in," says O'Reilly. "I think I said sauvignon blanc barrel and we both kind of nodded and agreed that would be the one."
After the Republic collaboration release, Sociable will turn next to a spontaneously fermented cider called Penny Farthing, named after the vintage bicycle. Three hundred barrels, equal to 9,300 gallons, of Penny Farthing were made, but not all of them made the cut. "That's the risk with spontaneous fermentation" says Watkins. "Three batches are going down the drain." Customers can expect each release of this variety to taste different due to the wild yeast used in fermentation.
Sociable's barrels will be stored at a warehouse they recently acquired off Broadway Avenue. Since cider sales are robust in summer months and softer in winter months, Sociable will be able to allocate winter time volume for barrel aging that will be ready for distribution when things start to warm up again. Then the different barrel-aged varieties will be slowly released throughout the year—when Watkins is done tinkering, of course.
Jim Watkins arranges barrels in the Sociable taproom // Photo by Aaron Davidson, The Growler
"This business is very much about managing people's expectations" he says. Given what we know about him, people should expect to be excited about this new program.
Filed Under: Beer, Beer News, Cider, Cider & Wine, Drink Tagged With: barrel, barrel aging, sociable cider werks


text:
Bernieria é um género de aves da família Bernieridae.

Este género contém as seguintes espécies:
 Bernieria cinereiceps
 Bernieria madagascariensis
 Bernieria tenebrosa
 Bernieria zosterops

Bernieridae
Géneros de aves


Sleep is something that everyone needs but that many people find hard to get. Your body needs sleep so that it can recover from one day and be refreshed from the next. Sleep deprivation can be a serious problem that affects your ability to function. Read this article to figure out how to sleep better.
TIP! When you cannot sleep due to insomnia, try some warm fennel or chamomile tea. A warm beverage is always soothing and relaxing, and the herbs have a calming effect.
Practice sound tension and stress relief techniques. Work out every day to help bring down the level of stress in your life. Do not exercise at night because your body will be hyped and ready for anything but sleep. Try practicing meditation or yoga right before you get in bed. Relaxing can help your overactive mind wind down.
If insomnia is an issue, try getting up earlier each day. You'll be tired in the morning, of course, but you'll probably feel sleepy that night. When you get up earlier, you are able to get to bed earlier, too.
TIP! Find what works to alleviate any tension and stress you have. Morning exercise on a daily basis is a tremendous stress buster.
The ideal amount of sleep is enough to let you get up feeling fully rested. Don't overdo it because you didn't get enough sleep the night before. Sleep just until you're rested each night. You cannot "bank" sleep hours for another day!
TIP! Try not to eat or drink close to bedtime. Eating will make the digestive system stimulated while keeping it awake.
Deep breathing exercises can help with insomnia. Deep breathing can cause your entire body to relax. This can help you fall asleep easier. Breathe in deeply for several minutes at a time. Breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. In just a short time, you'll be drowsy.
Also, try to avoid drinking anything a couple hours before bed. Hydration is important, but drinking too close to bedtime means you have to go to the bathroom. This simple interruption of your sleep is enough to trigger full blown insomnia, so try not to drink anything for a couple of hours before bed.
TIP! Insomniacs should create regular bedtime rituals for themselves. Rituals tell your brain and body that it is time for bed.
Use a hot-water bottle in bed. The heat that comes from the water bottle may help the tension get out of your body. This relief may well be enough to help you get over your insomnia. Place the water bottle on top of your abdomen. As the heat warms your body, practice deep, controlled breathing.
You should go to bed each night at a designated time. Your body thrives when under a routine, even if it is one you do not realize you are doing. Your body works well when you are on schedule. Keep going to bed at the same night; in time your body will get used to it.
TIP! Engage in deep breathing exercises while in bed. You have the power to relax your whole body with deep breathing.
One key to getting a full night's sleep each night is setting a schedule. If you sleep at a specific time every night and wake the same time every morning, your body will know when you need to sleep. Also, limit your time in bed to only eight hours. By doing this, you will sleep more soundly.
If you are having difficulty sleeping, try getting a snack. For instance, a slice of toast and honey can help relax you before resting. Add a cup of nice, warm milk to your dinner and take advantage of the ensuing sleepiness.
TIP! Darken your bedroom and block all noise. Even a little bit of extra light can make sleep elusive.
As you can see, it's hard for some people to get the right amount of sleep. It takes more than just a good attitude and a willingness to change to resolve sleep problems. But, by understanding techniques for promoting sleep, you will have success. Making the effort to follow the steps shared here will help you get a better night of rest.


Goes to show that repetition is not a bad thing eh? :) This passage from Luke.
6 When Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean. 7 And when he learned that he belonged to Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him over to Herod, who was himself in Jerusalem at that time. 8 When Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had long desired to see him, because he had heard about him, and he was hoping to see some sign done by him. 9 So he questioned him at some length, but he made no answer. 10 The chief priests and the scribes stood by, vehemently accusing him. 11 And Herod with his soldiers treated him with contempt and mocked him. Then, arraying him in splendid clothing, he sent him back to Pilate. 12 And Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day, for before this they had been at enmity with each other. 13 Pilate then called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people, 14 and said to them, "You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people. And after examining him before you, behold, I did not find this man guilty of any of your charges against him 15 Neither did Herod, for he sent him back to us. Look, nothing deserving death has been done by him. 16 I will therefore punish and release him."
Two things in this passage stood out to me.
1. Herod was glad to see Jesus because he'd been wanting to for some time and he wanted Jesus to give him a sign.
2. Herod and Pilate because friends during this sad period in the life of Christ.
Jesus said nothing to Herod.
MY GUESS (and it's only conjecture) that since Herod wanted to Jesus to give him a sign and Jesus wouldn't even talk to him.. this led him to treat Jesus with contempt and to mock him.


Cancer remains the second-leading cause of death in the United States. This year, an estimated 1.7 million new cases will be diagnosed, with nearly 610,000 people expected to die from the disease, according to the National Cancer Institute.
Fortunately, several recent cancer treatments show considerable promise. Among them is Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, which the American Society of Clinical Oncology recently named the "2018 Advance of the Year." Three USC Viterbi School of Engineering researchers – Assistant Professor Stacey Finley, Professor Pin Wang and Assistant Professor Nick Graham – have just published a paper in "Biophysical Journal" that sheds light on how this new treatment works, information that could one day result in better cancer therapies with fewer side effects.
"We're trying to dig into the molecular mechanisms," said Graham, an assistant professor of chemical engineering and materials science. "By understanding how the CAR T cells work, we could try to design better ones."
When the immune system functions normally, immune cells move around the body and look for pathogens that don't belong and kill them. However, cancer cells can mask themselves, making it harder for the good cells, such as T cells, to kill them.
With CAR T cell therapy, a person's T cells are removed, genetically engineered with proteins, and then injected back into the patient. The resulting CAR T cells are much better at fighting cancer cells. That's because these modified CAR T cells have an engineered protein receptor, the CAR, that can bind to cancer cells. When this occurs, a signal from the CAR tells the T cell to begin destroying the cancer by secreting the chemicals perforin and granzyme.
"I think what's most exciting is that we're really adding to the field an understanding of which sites on the CAR are becoming phosphorylated, how quickly that happens and the amount of phosphorylation of each site," said Finley, the Gordon S. Marshall Early Career Chair and assistant professor of biomedical engineering, chemical engineering and materials science and biological sciences.
Through their research, Finley, Wang and Graham have learned when and how much phosphorylation occurs on the CAR's six sites, which, in an imperfect analogy, could be imagined as "docking hubs," in Graham's words.
Additionally, they have found that no "gatekeeper" exists, meaning that no single CAR site must be phosphorylated before the others. Until now, scholars only had a general idea about the phosphorylation process, making it difficult to bioengineer CAR T cells that could successfully fight against complex and complicated breast, lung and other solid-tumor cancers.
"Once we have these tools and quantitative models, we should be able to apply them to a variety of different designs of CARs," said Finley, whose research group has an expertise in mathematical models. "Maybe you could use a model, before you do an experiment, to see if this new design would work. Instead of having to do as many tedious experiments in the lab, you could build a predictive mathematical model to screen the best design."
Added Wang, the Zohrab A. Kaprielian Fellow in Engineering and professor of chemical engineering and materials science, and biomedical engineering: "If you want to make the T cells more potent, the question is how best to design the CAR. That's our research's goal, I think."


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text:
UNIFORM & KIT ISSUED TO THE U.S. ARMY & MARINE CORPS DURING WW2
This pictorial library is devoted to the recording of "Uniform and Kit" issued to an American Soldier of the United States Army and the U.S. Marine Corps, during the Second World War. Consider it a virtual "Q" Store in U.S. militaria. It is not exhaustive and will be added to over time. Any reader who wishes to contribute photographs and text will be recognised and credited with such information. I also invite collectors of other nation's militaria to forward content (please see our other countries listed on the drop down menu) - so that a comprehensive list of "Axis" and "Allies" uniform/kit is detailed.
U.S. Army Service Dress Cap for Enlisted Men (inside view)
Inside view of the U.S. Army Service Dress Cap for enlisted men, showing the silk lining.
U.S. M1 Steel Helmet
The M1 Army Helmet entered service with the U.S. Army and related branches in 1942; replacing the M1917A1 steel helmet (British Brodie style with minor variations) The M1 Helmets of the Second World War had an alloy seam around the outer edge; which was joined at the front of the helmet visor. Relic helmets, found in New Guinea and the Solomons display this perfectly;- with the shell of the helmet being affected by corrosion - whilst the rim is unaffected by rust.
Relic condition U.S. M1 Army Helmets - Buna - New Guinea
A collection of 'relic' condition, U.S. M1 Army Helmets located in and around Buna in New Guinea. The privately owned museum which houses these relics is located in an area which became known as "The Triangle". This locality is to the east of the Girua River, but south of the Buna Government Station. The name was derived due to a Japanese defensive line consisting of mutually supporting (reinforced) bunkers and weapons pits in the shape of a rough triangle, with the point facing south, towards the advancing American Infantry. Elements of the U.S. 126th Infantry Regiment and the 128th Infantry Regiment (U.S. 32nd Division) launched an attack on this area on the 24th of November, 1942 and the fighting here was intense. Sadly, the finding of such helmets more than likely means that the wearers became casualties in this action.
Of note is the stainless steel "rims" which line the edge of the helmets and remain in pristine condition, whilst the body of the helmets have succumbed to corrosion.
Herringbone Jacket (Marine Corps)
A khaki Herringbone weave combat jacket as worn by men of the U.S. Marine Corps.
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