text:
Q: Using Rsnapshot with sync_first, link_dest, and use_lazy_deletes I've set up rsnapshot with the configuration below and it seems to work fine. However, if I understand what I have read correctly, in the rsnapshot docs and other tutorials, the operation would be more robust with these options added:
link_dest 1
sync_first 1
use_lazy_deletes    1

However when I enabled these, particularly sync_first, it does not seem to operate correctly. There are no errors, but nothing seems to happen (see last code block below). Configtest succeeds fine. I suspect I am missing something about how sync_first is to be used. I would like to know first if these three options are indeed beneficial when used together (no conflicts) and secondly, is there a difference in the way I must call rsnapshot in cron after enabling sync_first?
This is installed on Ubuntu 14.04 with rsnapshot 1.3.1 and rsync has the link_dest option. Thanks for any direction on this, the official docs are a bit dry.
Conf
    config_version  1.2
    snapshot_root   /srv/rsnapshot/
    no_create_root  0
    cmd_cp      /bin/cp
    cmd_rm      /bin/rm
    cmd_rsync   /usr/bin/rsync
    cmd_ssh /usr/bin/ssh
    cmd_logger  /usr/bin/logger
    cmd_du      /usr/bin/du
    cmd_rsnapshot_diff  /usr/bin/rsnapshot-diff

    retain      HoursAgo    6
    retain      DaysAgo     7
    retain      WeeksAgo    4
    #retain monthly 3

    verbose     5
    loglevel    3
    logfile /var/log/rsnapshot.log
    lockfile    /var/run/rsnapshot.pid
    rsync_long_args --stats --delete --numeric-ids --relative --delete-excluded
    ssh_args    -p 22

    # host.mydomain.net
    backup      root@host.mydomain.net:/etc/        host.mydomain.net/
    backup      root@host.mydomain.net:/srv/www/        host.mydomain.net/
    backup_script       /usr/bin/ssh root@host.mydomain.net "rm -rf /var/local/mysqlbak/"       unused/
    backup_script       /usr/bin/ssh root@host.mydomain.net "/usr/local/bin/mysql_bak.sh"       unused1/
    backup      root@host.mydomain.net:/var/local/mysqlbak/     host.mydomain.net/mysql/

Cron
 0     */4    * * *    root    /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly 2>&1  | \/usr/local/bin/rsnapreport.pl | mail -s "Hourly Backup" myemail@domain.com
 30     3     * * *    root    /usr/bin/rsnapshot daily 2>&1  | \/usr/local/bin/rsnapreport.pl | mail -s "Daily Backup" myemail@domain.com
 0      3     * * 1    root    /usr/bin/rsnapshot weekly 2>&1  | \/usr/local/bin/rsnapreport.pl | mail -s "Weekly Backup" myemail@domain.com

Results of running with all three extra options enabled:
root@backup:~# rsnapshot HoursAgo
require Lchown
Lchown module loaded successfully
Setting locale to POSIX "C"
echo 3567 > /var/run/rsnapshot.pid
mv /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.3/ /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.4/
mv /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.2/ /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.3/
mv /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.1/ /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.2/
mv /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.0/ /srv/rsnapshot/HoursAgo.1/
No directory to delete: /srv/rsnapshot/_delete.3567
rm -f /var/run/rsnapshot.pid
/usr/bin/logger -i -p user.info -t rsnapshot /usr/bin/rsnapshot HoursAgo: \
    completed successfully

This happens instantly, with no connection to the remote and no time to check changed files.
Update: I found some additional information on sync_first in the Ubuntu pages on rsnapshot. I've edited my cron by adding rsnapshot sync && in front of the hourly line:
 0 */4 * * * root /usr/bin/rsnapshot sync && /usr/bin/rsnapshot hourly 2>&1  | \/usr/local/bin/rsnapreport.pl | mail -s "Hourly Backup" myemail@domain.com

This seems to work when I ran it manually.

I would still like to know: Are these three extra options advantageous used together?
I may also dump the stats so I only get an email in case of error.

A: You have to call rsnapshot sync before calling rsnapshot <level>.


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The Bush administration is launching formal talks with a host of allies next month on an ambitious U.S. plan to reshuffle tens of thousands of American troops now posted around the globe.
The Pentagon, citing the war on terrorism, has been working for months on what senior officials envision as the most substantial overhaul of its global "footprint" of troops since the end of World War II.
"The once-familiar threats facing our nation, our friends, and our allies have given way to the less predictable dangers associated with rogue nations, global terrorism and weapons of mass destruction," President Bush said in a statement. "While we continue to make progress in the transformation of our uniformed military, it remains for us to realign the global posture of our forces to better address these new challenges."
Officials at the Pentagon have held informal talks with governments such as Japan, South Korea and Germany on the possibility of moving some U.S. forces long based in those countries, and establishing new bases in the former East Bloc countries of Hungary, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria.
Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld described the plan at a briefing Tuesday as an effort to position troops to react more quickly to trouble around the world, especially in the Middle East. Among the changes under discussion are moving U.S. soldiers away from the Korean demilitarized zone into central South Korea; shifting some troops from Japan to other parts of the region; and scaling back the vast bases in countries such as Germany.
"It's a readjustment to fit the 21st century," Rumsfeld told reporters at the Pentagon.
As early reports have emerged of the plan over the last year, some allies have accused the Pentagon of having little regard for the consequences of moving troops out of countries that have long counted on their presence to boost their economies and their sense of security.
The president, as well as senior State and Defense officials, sought to deflect such complaints Tuesday by declaring that no final decisions have been made. In his statement, Bush said the United States "will intensify our consultations with the Congress and our friends, allies, and partners overseas on our ongoing review of our overseas force posture."
But in a background briefing, senior State Department and Pentagon officials refused to discount the possibility that some troops deployed to Iraq could find that their units have been moved to new bases before they return home.
More than 112,000 U.S. troops are based in Europe, 80% of them scattered around Germany, including the Army's 17,000-strong 1st Armored Division, which is slated to return in January from a yearlong deployment in Iraq. The division and other U.S. troops were posted to Germany decades ago, when America's primary adversary was the nearby Soviet Union. Armored battalions in Germany could literally roll their tanks against a Soviet foe within minutes.
But with Europe now primarily a platform from which to send U.S. troops elsewhere, the limitations of basing personnel in places such as Germany and Italy are becoming evident. It took many days to move American armored divisions and their equipment out of Germany to ports to be ferried by sea to the Persian Gulf region. In Asia, U.S. troops have become a matter of local controversy at such locations as Okinawa, Japan.
In the long run, the officials said, the shift is designed to cut the time that service members are away from their families and sent to war zones.
"Not to do this would leave us stuck in patterns which are uneconomical and which cause deployments to drag on," a senior State Department official said. "The forces will immediately see the benefits" of the planned moves.
Moving some of the myriad U.S. military installations out of Western Europe and into countries on or near the Black Sea coast would make it easier to rapidly deploy forces to the Middle East and Africa.
Pentagon plans described by senior officials to The Times months ago call for building U.S. bases at the Sarafovo airfield in Bulgaria and the nearby Black Sea port of Burgas, where U.S. KC-135 refueling tanker aircraft and more than 200 troops were based during the war in Iraq.
U.S. facilities also will be built at the Romanian air base of Mihail Kogalniceanu and the Black Sea port of Constanta, both of which were used to ferry troops and equipment into Iraq.
The Pentagon also plans to take over vast military training grounds and firing ranges once used by the Soviet armed forces in Hungary and Poland, including the Krzesiny air base outside Poznan in western Poland.
In Asia, initial Pentagon plans call for moving some troops out of Japan and South Korea and establishing a network of small bases in Asian countries where the U.S. has never had a permanent military presence.
In another matter, Rumsfeld said at the briefing that Pentagon officials were discussing whether to recall former units of Saddam Hussein's army to help combat the spreading violence in Iraq. The U.S. decision to disband the army has been widely criticized.
But after aides passed him a note, Rumsfeld retracted that statement, saying the Pentagon was "not formally considering the possibility of using units of the Iraqi army. I'm told that it is not something that is actively under a formal consideration in the department."


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text:
Barbara Slade is a writer, creator and producer of children's programming. Based in London, England, she travels extensively, heading up shows for the international market.

Career
Barbara (both a British and U.S. citizen) began her screenwriting career in London when her first show "Brown Bear's Wedding" starring Helena Bonham Carter, Joss Ackland and Hugh Laurie aired on ITV, Christmas Day. It sold to most major territories, and was nominated for five Emmy awards including 'Best Writer'. Barbara returned to America, where she continued her career, writing and developing series for Nickelodeon, Disney, ABC, Fox and many other networks worldwide. She has written features for Working Title and Disney and has received numerous awards including a 'Humanitas' for one of her episodes of 'Rugrats'. Among many others, Barbara developed and served as Head Writer for "Angelina Ballerina" and "Rotten Ralph".

Barbara has worked as a head writer/producer for the Disney Channel U.K. and was brought on board to develop and head up the writing team on NRK's prime time award-winning comedy series "Side by Side" now in its 8th season and "Best For" now on season three on TV2.

Barbara was Creator/Executive Producer on several original TV series including "Dead Gorgeous" (CBBC/ABC/Nickelodeon) "Hi Opie" (TVO/Netflix) and is now in development on three original tv dramas "Heaven is a Perfect Tomato", "Song for Britannia" and "A Drop of DNA".

Barbara's specialty is writing, developing and heading up high concept television shows for the international market. She works with production companies and channels around the world and also leads intensive screenwriting and development workshops. The most popular is "The Beauty of a One Pager", an intensive 2-3 day T.V. development workshop available for channels, production companies and media organizations.

Television credits
Hi Opie! - creator/executive producer
Dead Gorgeous - creator/associate producer
Alexander and Pete - creator/executive producer
Inbox - writer/producer
Angelina Ballerina - series development/head writer
My Teen Genie - series development/head writer
Comin' Atcha - series development/head writer
Eloise - series development/head writer
Freefonix - series development/head writer
Rotten Ralph - series development/head writer
The Legends of Treasure Island - series development/head writer
Side by Side - series development/lead on writing team
Magnus - series development
Alle Sammen Sammen - series development
Rugrats (multiple episodes)- writer
Legend of Prince Valiant (multiple episodes) - writer
Little Shop (multiple episodes) - writer
Tales from the Cryptkeeper (multiple episodes)- writer
Sonic the Hedgehog (multiple episodes) - writer
Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventures (1 episode) - writer

Filmography
Winnie the Pooh: Stories from the Hundred-Acre Wood - writer
Winnie the Pooh: Seasons of Giving- writer
Angelina Ballerina: Angelina Sets Sail -writer
Brown Bear's Wedding- writer
White Bear's Secret- writer
The Snow Queen- writer

Awards
1992 Nominated for 'Best Writer' Emmy Award "Brown Bear's Wedding"
1995 Humanitas Award 'Rugrats': "I remember Melville"
1996 'Silver Honor Award' "Rotten Ralph"
1997 'Best Animated Series for Children' Cartoons-on-the-Bay (Italy) "Rotten Ralph"
1997 'Silver Apple Award' "Rotten Ralph"
2000 Nominated for Bafta Award for 'Best Animated Series' "Rotten Ralph"
2001 Nominated for Bafta Award for 'Best Animated Series' "Rotten Ralph"
2002 Nominated for Bafta Award for Best Animated Series "Angelina Ballerina"
2002 Nominated for Annecy Animation Festival "Rose Fairy Princess Award"
2002 Silver World Medal for children's programs at New York Festival
2006 British Animation Awards Finalist for Children's Choice "Angelina Sets Sail"
2006 Oppenheim Platinum Award for best video "Angelina Sets Sail"
2010 Nominated for ' Best Children's Television Drama' at Australian Film Institute Awards "Dead Gorgeous"

References

Sources
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0805150/
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0805150/resume
https://www.linkedin.com/in/barbara-slade-72bb9235

British screenwriters
British television writers
British women television writers
Living people
Writers from London
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Why Can't Johnny Develop Secure Software?
Fears Over Dearth of Engineers in Europe
UM Scientists Design Intelligent 3-D Simulation Robots to Compete in the RoboCup 2010
Clouds Add Depth to Computer Landscapes
Wanted: Young Cyberexperts to Defend Internet
The A-Z of Programming Languages: Objective-C
Japan's Hitachi Creates Roller-Skating Robot
Innovation on Demand
AMS Group Demonstrates Self-Healing for Electronics
How to Prevent Language Extinction
Fighting Back Against Web Attacks
Interview: Stanford's Top Engineer From Chips to ABCs
Stanford Helps to Digitally Preserve Mountains of Documents
Dark Reading (06/16/10) Wilson, Tim
Despite a wealth of security knowledge and developers' access to advanced tools, many software security risks remain. Analysts say that vulnerabilities arise because many software developers do not understand how to build security into their code. "There's a lot more acceptance of security as part of the process now, but historically developers have never been responsible for security," says Fortify chief scientist Brian Chess. Although there have been several initiatives aimed at educating developers about secure software development practices, "the talent coming out of schools right now doesn't have the security knowledge it needs," says SAFECode executive director Paul Kurtz. Some organizations are implementing secure development frameworks, such as the Building Security In Maturity Model (BSIMM), which impose secure best practices throughout the entire development team. "BSIMM is a good strategy if you have a formalized software development process," Chess says. The goal of the frameworks is to help developers identify and remediate the most common coding errors and fix them during development, rather than waiting until after the code is complete.
Financial Times (06/21/10) Milne, Richard
The European Roundtable of Industrialists (ERT) says that Europe needs to take action to encourage people to become engineers or risk losing out to India and China. "What we really need to be concerned about is that we have the right skills and education," says ERT's Leif Johansson. The ERT, which consists of chief executives and chairpersons from 50 of Europe's largest firms, lists the growing skills shortage as one of its biggest concerns. "We have too few young people all in all, and too few young people going into engineering," Johansson says. "We are beginning to see real competition coming from India and China in, for example, highly-qualified engineers." Fewer and fewer young people are pursuing technical degrees in Europe, which has led to an acute shortage of engineers. For example, Germany currently lacks 30,000 engineers, while China trains 400,000 engineers annually.
University of Miami (06/18/10) Guma-Diaz, Marie
University of Miami (UM) professor Ubbo Visser will present his work on robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) at the 14th annual RoboCup World Championship and Symposium. Visser will describe the architecture of his multi-agent system as well as motion-capture techniques for graphical animation. "To understand what it takes for a robot to integrate knowledge and put information into context so that it can make decisions in a split second: that is one of the hardest problems in AI and robotics to solve right now," Visser says. To participate in the RoboCup competition, the UM researchers had to develop a soccer team of six three-dimensional autonomous robots that have the ability to acquire strategic knowledge and real-time reasoning and can communicate with each other during a game. "There is a noble goal behind this work, namely to understand what's going on if we send robots in the field and let them do the work of humans," Visser says. "Doing this work gives one a lot of respect for the human mind."
New Scientist (06/19/10)
Nathan Jacobs and colleagues at Washington University in St. Louis have created a depth map from a single camera. Depth maps, which record the geography of a three-dimensional landscape and represent it in two dimensions for surveillance and atmospheric monitoring, are usually created using lasers. Creating a depth map from one camera is difficult because the shadows cast by clouds distort the scene and are difficult for image-processing algorithms to recognize. The team compared a series of images and recorded the time at which the passing shadows change a pixel's color, which enabled it to estimate the distance between each pixel. "If the wind speed is known you can reconstruct the scene with the right scale," Jacobs says. "That is notoriously difficult from a single camera viewpoint." The cloud map has an average positional error of just 2 percent, compared with laser-created maps.
USA Today (06/21/10) P. 1B; Acohido, Byron
The U.S. government, education officials, and military contractors are increasingly launching nationwide campaigns to attract young technologists to pursue careers in cybersecurity. The leading recruitment tools are competitions designed to match tech-savvy youths against professional hackers in mock warfare games. "Our goal is to increase the opportunities for young cyberexperts to exercise and demonstrate their passion for this career field," says Boeing's Alan Greenberg. Promotional materials tout bragging rights for defeating the hackers. "We're building the pipeline that will produce our future cyberguardians," says SANS Institute's Alan Paller. Enrollment in two-year programs participating in CyberWatch, a consortium of Mid-Atlantic colleges focused on cybersecurity training, has jumped 66 percent in each of the past two years, says CyberWatch's Casey O'Brien. "People are starting to get that the success of these programs is absolutely critical to the future of our country," O'Brien says.
Computerworld Australia (06/17/10) Hutchinson, James
Brad Cox, creator of the Objective-C programming language, says he co-developed the language with partner Tom Love as a reaction to the C language and its limitations for constructing reusable elements. "The only encapsulation tools C provides are macros and functions as building blocks for applications," he notes. "Objective-C added objects originally and packages followed thereafter." Cox also added mini-applications that comprised the Taskmaster support library. He points out that object-oriented programming was largely unknown outside of research facilities, and he created Objective-C to take it "to the factory floor." Cox says that Objective-C protocols spurred the development of Java and related interfaces. He says that transforming software into an engineering discipline involves construction through the assembly of trusted components, and this has motivated his pursuit of elements with various granularities, starting with objects via Objective-C and continuing with service-oriented architecture services and OSGI. He says the future of programming languages lies in the transition to tested, certified, and trusted components.
Agence France Presse (France) (06/18/10)
Hitachi recently demonstrated a humanoid robot fitted with wheels on its two legs, which feature complex spring-loaded shock absorbers. The design enables the robot to move across minor bumps and wires on the floor without falling over. "It can control its posture the way humans do when we stabilize ourselves after jumping [with] inline skates," says Hitachi chief researcher Yuji Hosoda. Dubbed excellent mobility and interactive existence as workmate (EMIEW2), the robot moves up to 3.7 miles an hour, which is a fast walking speed for a human. The researchers also placed 14 microphones in EMIEW2's helmet, which enables it to pick out human voices from background noise and to respond to voice commands. The 32-inch-tall robot, which weighs nearly 31 pounds, could serve as a receptionist and visitor's guide in office buildings. "It could also be used for security, such as patrolling and surveillance as it could find a suspicious person hiding in blind spots out of range of fixed security cameras," Hosoda says.
Wall Street Journal (06/16/10) Bland, Will
Russia is planning the construction of an international technology innovation hub designed to draw the world's best engineers, programmers, and venture capitalists. Under the guidance of businessman Viktor Vekselberg, the Skolkovo innovation center will be established as a Russian version of Silicon Valley. Vekselberg says businesses focused on energy efficiency, information technology, telecommunications, biotechnology, and nuclear technology will be granted priority residency at the Skolkovo center. A recent government report says that Russia must seek opportunities to use "American technological potential" and form "alliances of modernization" so that it can attract technology from Europe. Vekselberg says the government's role is to provide an environment where innovators can thrive. He expects to start construction by January 2011, but it will likely be two or three years before the first businesses arrive. However, Russian government officials say that several U.S. and European companies already want to be part of the project.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (06/17/10) McGaughey, Steve
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) have applied the concept of self-healing materials to small-scale electronics. A microcapsule system has been designed to restore conductivity in damaged electronic devices. Using a twin-microcapsule method, the system's repairing agent does not become conductive until there is damage to the electronics and the conductivity agents are needed. The twin microcapsules have microcapsule shells that rupture when there is damage, and the component precursor materials are released as a liquid from the core, which forms a solid-transfer salt that restores conductivity to the device. "We've been able to encapsulate this conductive salt on its own but we wanted to show that we could encapsulate something that was non-conductive," says UIUC researcher Susan Odom. "This system has the potential to serve as a useful model for a two-part electronic self-healing system using liquid precursors by comparing the degree of restoration of conductivity of one- and two-part microcapsule systems," the researchers write.
Technology Review (06/16/10)
Two-thirds of the world's languages are in danger of extinction, being nudged toward oblivion by the overwhelming use of English, Spanish, Russian, Hindi, and Mandarin. A new mathematical model of language competition developed by the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela's Jose Mira and colleagues indicates that this threat can be countered. Early analyses studied a stable population in which two languages competed for speakers who selected one over the other depending on their perceived socioeconomic benefits as well as their similarity. However, the researchers' studies point to the development of bilingual speakers as a force for co-evolution of several competing dialects. They say languages can coexist in a stable fashion over a prolonged period, but that this outcome depends greatly on the initial circumstances. "An exogenous injection of just a few speakers into one group or another can determine whether a language lives or dies," note Mira and his fellow researchers. The implication of this conclusion is that it may be possible to improve the chances of survival for languages under threat of extinction by creating bilingual speakers in one of the major language groups.
BBC News (06/18/10)
The bugs and vulnerabilities in the kits used by cybercriminals could be exploited to identify hackers and even launch a counterattack, according to Tehtri Security's Laurent Oudot. The French computer security researcher has studied high-tech criminals' malware kits, which are widely available online, and concludes that the attack tools have vulnerabilities that should be easy to exploit. During a presentation at a recent security conference in Singapore, Oudot provided details on 13 unpatched loopholes in popular malware kits that have been used to attack Web sites. The vulnerabilities in the malware kits could be used to obtain more information on attackers, perhaps identify them, steal their tools and methods, or even follow their trail back to their own computers, according to Oudot. He acknowledges that using the loopholes might "lead to legal issues," but says the strategy should "open new way[s] to think about [information technology] security worldwide."
EE Times (06/16/10) Merritt, Rick
James Plummer, dean of Stanford University's school of engineering, envisions an expansion of the electronics industry's purview from information technology (IT) to energy and biotechnology. Plummer forecasts that Silicon Valley will become a nexus of such an expansion over the next 10 or 20 years, and predicts "almost unlimited opportunities" for IT, biotech, and energy. Plummer also sees a shift in students' perception of career opportunities, in that they are less concerned with making money and more interested in making a difference. Consequently, their focus has shifted to engineering to concentrate on developing alternative energy and biotech solutions. Plummer stresses that educators have to prepare students for a multicompany, multidisciplinary career by cultivating both technical expertise as well as softer skills, such as creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. "Most of the interesting research proposals people are working on are multidisciplinary problems involving materials and computing and non-engineering expertise," he says. "Getting teams to work together effectively is the only way to tackle these problems."
Stanford News (06/15/10) Haven, Cynthia
The U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) has joined Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS), a Stanford University-based international consortium of more than 200 university and college libraries that collects and preserves electronic documents. LOCKSS centralizes digital content and offers a safety net in case the data or public records are tampered with. "The more you centralize digital content, the easier it is to change things without anybody knowing," says Stanford's James Jacobs. "The simplicity and beauty of LOCKSS is that there are lots of libraries which preserve that content." Jacobs says that as LOCKSS becomes more established, it will develop a routine in which every time a new document is published by the GPO, the Stanford system will be alerted and automatically harvest the document. The GPO turned to LOCKSS for backup after launching the Federal Digital System last year, which provides public access to the U.S. government's published data. "It's a complete preservation archive--the content only gets made accessible if the live content goes away," Jacobs says.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Grand Prix Nicei, oficj. Grand Prix automobile de Nice – wyścig samochodowy, odbywający się w latach 1932-1935, 1946-1947 w Nicei.

Zwycięzcy

Bibliografia

Samochodowe Grand Prix przed 1950


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text:
The semiotics of colors in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory
Bahman Agazadeh 1
Abdolahad Gheibi 2
mahin hajizadeh 3
Hasan Esmailzade 4
1 PhD student in Arabic Language and Literature, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
2 professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
3 faculty member
4 Assistant professor of Arab Language and Literature, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University.
10.29252/jalc.2022.228115.1173
The study of linguistic signs and semantic structure is a relatively new way of studying literary texts that expresses the inner actions, messages, and intentions hidden in the secondary layers of the text. One of the suitable models for criticizing the semiotics of literary works is Pierce's theory, which divides the sign into three parts: representation, subject, and interpretation. According to this theory, the concept of sign arises from the semantic connection between these three components, and words have many implicit meanings whose representation displays the concept and the main message of the poet. Muhammad Adam is one of the modern Egyptian poets with poems in which color element is widely reflected and each of these colors has various poetic meanings and semantic loads that in addition to their true meaning, have many virtual and poetic meanings hidden in. This research tries to study the process of formation of signs in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory, and to express the hidden data in colors. The research data indicate that the signs in the colors show the special and sometimes unique attitude of Mohammad Adam towards concepts such as love, death, life, aging and nihilism. The concept of sign in Adam's poems arises as a result of the semantic continuum between representation, subject, and interpretation.
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 10 January 2023
Receive Date: 24 July 2022
Revise Date: 26 September 2022
Accept Date: 06 November 2022
First Publish Date: 06 November 2022
Agazadeh, B., Gheibi, A., hajizadeh, M., & Esmailzade, H. (2023). The semiotics of colors in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory. Arabic Literature Bulletin, (), -. doi: 10.29252/jalc.2022.228115.1173
Bahman Agazadeh; Abdolahad Gheibi; mahin hajizadeh; Hasan Esmailzade. "The semiotics of colors in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory". Arabic Literature Bulletin, , , 2023, -. doi: 10.29252/jalc.2022.228115.1173
Agazadeh, B., Gheibi, A., hajizadeh, M., Esmailzade, H. (2023). 'The semiotics of colors in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory', Arabic Literature Bulletin, (), pp. -. doi: 10.29252/jalc.2022.228115.1173
Agazadeh, B., Gheibi, A., hajizadeh, M., Esmailzade, H. The semiotics of colors in Mohammad Adam's poetry based on Pierce's theory. Arabic Literature Bulletin, 2023; (): -. doi: 10.29252/jalc.2022.228115.1173
Issue 24 of the Journal of Critique of Arabic Literature (spring and summer 2022) was published. 2022-10-31
Issue 25 of the Journal of Critique of Arabic Literature (autumn and winter 2022) will be published soon. 2022-10-31
(CC BY 4.0)


text:
William Pemberton - Tuba
Mr Pemberton graduated from the Interlochen Arts Academy as a Young Artist Winner (Interlochen's highest honor). He studied music performance at the University of Michigan, where he was awarded a full tuition merit-based scholarship for three years. Mr Pemberton's major teachers include Abe Torchinsky (Philadelphia Orchestra) and Wesley Jacobs (Detroit Symphony). He has performed in master classes with Warren Deck (New York Philharmonic) and Paul Kryzwicki (Philadelphia Orchestra). Mr Pemberton has performed as a freelance tubist in orchestras and chamber ensembles throughout Michigan.
William Pemberton is Executive Director and tubist of the River Raisin Ragtime Revue, an ensemble he founded to combine his professional music performance ability and his love of American history. He has been a member of the Working Class Tuba Quartet since it was formed in 1986.
Last updated February 2006


text:
Thinking Beyond Pay and Perks - How to Tell if a Company Is Truly Right for You
When you're searching for jobs, you're not just looking for anyone who will give you a steady paycheck. You want to find work that, in addition to paying well, gives you a sense of pride and fulfillment that you can only get after a day of taking on challenging tasks and overcoming them. It's the kind of pride that comes with knowing that you're not just checking off boxes, but contributing to a team that's making an impact in your industry and maybe even society as a whole.
There's a theme there: We all want to feel a distinct level of pride in the results we get through the work we do each day. We want to be proud of the answer we give when someone asks "So, what do you do?"
From the outside, it's not always easy to tell exactly how well a specific company will fit your professional needs, especially when it comes to making you proud to work there. Even if you're already working for a company, it's not always easy to tell if you're where you're meant to be. Here are a few things you can look for - beyond just the paycheck and benefits - to make sure that a company is truly right for you.
What is the brand promise?
We all want to work hard and overcome whatever challenges are thrown at us. But all of this hard work won't be as rewarding as it can be if it's not directed at a purpose to which we feel connected.
What does the company promise its customers? What impact does it hope to make on the world?
Having a clear answer to these questions will help you understand what the fruit of your labor will look like in the big picture. A clear brand promise that deeply resonates with you will be the North Star that will guide you to work you can be proud of in the long run and on a day-to-day basis, LinkedIn wrote.
How empowered will you be?
A big part of having a job that you are proud of is in having the leeway to make decisions that affect the direction and outcome of the projects you are working on. The companies that are doing truly impactful work have creative and talented people at the helm, steering the ship and making their presence felt.
What makes these companies great is that they're built on trust. The executives and managers don't hover over the employees, criticizing and questioning every move. They give them the freedom to explore, make mistakes and try new ways of doing things.
Having this kind of freedom is liberating and gives you something to be proud of when all is said and done - after all, you weren't just following orders, you were self-directed and relying on your talent and creativity to make big things happen.
Pay and perks are nice, but they aren't the only thing you should consider when finding work you love.
A chance to charge your physical, emotional and mental batteries
It may sound strange, but this could be the most important point of them all. Year after year, Glassdoor, Fortune, and other publications create their "Top X Places to Work," where they rank companies based on how much their employees enjoy working there. It's very common that when job seekers think of their dream jobs, they look at these lists, pick one of these legendary companies and say "I want to work there!"
"In the quest for a career we're proud of, putting out the best quality of work we possibly can is alpha and omega."
The rankings measure things like benefits, pay and other perks and uses them to come up with the top 50 or so companies in the country. But you should know that these lists don't take everything into consideration, according to a recent New York Times article. In fact, they often leave out one critical aspect of a job that can be the difference between a dream job and one that falls short of expectations: The overall quality of the employees' lives.
The Times interviewed a few employees from top companies on the yearly "Best of" lists and found that while many of them enjoyed the perks and benefits of their jobs, they often felt overworked and stressed out. Even worse is that the stress led them to claim that their work and morale was suffering because of it.
In the quest for a career we're proud of, putting out the best quality of work we possibly can is of the utmost importance. But when you're constantly overwhelmed, you can't do that. When you're researching and interviewing with a company you're interested in, ask the current employees and managers how they feel about how their job fits into their whole life. Do they feel buried under the workload? Does it seem like they're kicking and kicking just to tread water?
If a company doesn't allow its employees to recharge once in a while - whether through flexible hours, time off or other ways to maintain a favorable work/life balance - you may want to reconsider working there, even if the pay and perks are great. You don't have infinite capacity, so you need time to recharge so that when you do get back to work, you can perform to your fullest potential.


Nineteenth century factory, remodeled for the second time into up-scale office space. The recent renovation removed many elements of the 1970s renovation to expose the original structure and update the look. The sprinkler system was reworked to allow greater transparency from the lobby and throughout the building.


The first set of supplemental briefs in Zubik v. Burwell is in. The government seems willing to accept a modified version of the Court's proposed compromise—if it means that the Court will halt the neverending legal challenges to the contraceptive-coverage regulations. The religious objectors, however, merely purport to accept the Court's proposal; in practice, they are standing by their insistance that affected women should be forced to seek and obtain second-class, contraception-only policies that will sever their reproductive care from the rest of their healthcare. And they reserve the right to use the political process to oppose the creation of even those second-class plans.
 For example, the parties should consider a situation in which petitioners would contract to provide health insurance for their employees, and in the course of obtaining such insurance, inform their insurance company that they do not want their health plan to include contraceptive coverage of the type to which they object on religious grounds.
 Petitioners would have no legal obligation to provide such contraceptive coverage, would not pay for such coverage, and would not be required to submit any separate notice to their insurer, to the Federal Government, or to their employees.
 At the same time, petitioners' insurance company—aware that petitioners are not providing certain contraceptive coverage on religious grounds—would separately notify petitioners' employees that the insurance company will provide cost-free contraceptive coverage, and that such coverage is not paid for by petitioners and is not provided through petitioners' health plan.
1. I think that this is a decent sign for the government. It was clear from last week's argument that four Justices would vote to uphold the accommodation; but the potential fifth vote, Justice Kennedy, seemed to be skeptical of the government's arguments. This order suggests that at least five Justices (including Justice Kennedy) seem to think that the challengers' proposed alternatives to the accommodation (create separate, contraceptive-only policies and require women to seek them out; expand Title X clinics; and other Rube Goldberg-schemes) harm women by preventing them from receiving seamless and convenient coverage. If the Court thought that those other alternatives were sufficient, then it wouldn't be looking for a way to ensure that women retained accommodation-style seamless coverage.
When the government arranges for contraceptive coverage with the insurance company used by the religious charity, it is not commandeering anybody's property. Nor is it taking metaphorical control of the group's health insurance plan. Instead, the government is seeking to fulfil Obamacare's near-universal guarantee to female employees by working with the same insurance company or third-party plan administrator that provides the rest of the employee's health benefits. Neither the insurance company nor the plan is the property of the religious charity: Aetna is not a wholly owned subsidiary of Catholic Charities. The non-profit and the insurer are independent entities. When a school brings a child to a playground that his parents (for some reason) opt to avoid, the teachers are not "hijacking" the swingset. They are using a resource for the child's benefit. The parents may be displeased about the school trip to the forbidden playground, but any complaint they raise would necessarily have a paternalistic flavour. Employers do not have such a role vis-a-vis their employees.
Greg Lipper (@theglipper) is Senior Litigation Counsel at Americans United for Separation of Church and State.
The fear of hijacking might have made sense if we were talking about a plane instead of a plan. But an insurance company is not an employer's personal property. If the insurance company, separately from the employer, wants to provide extra coverage to the employees, that's none of the employer's business—especially since that contraceptive coverage is guaranteed to women by federal law. At the argument, Clement compared the accommodation to the government running a contraception clinic out of the Little Sisters' home, but the more apt analogy is that the government has set up shop across the street: The challengers simply have no legitimate interest in preventing the government from "hijacking" a nearby vacant lot.
You can read the full article at Rewire's freshly redesigned website. And more on the "hijacking" argument here.
Despite these examples, the plaintiffs claim that the government's interest in contraceptive coverage is undermined by three exceptions: (1) employers with fewer than fifty employees need not provide health insurance at all; (2) houses of worship are exempted from the contraceptive-coverage requirement; and (3) grandfathered employers are exempted from some coverage requirements, including the one pertaining to contraceptives. But none of these make the government's interest any less compelling.


text:
Q: Multipart entity multiple image not sending In my app I am trying to send multiple images to server..for that I follow this example http://www.mayanklangalia.blogspot.in/2014/04/how-to-upload-multiple-images-on-php.html
Following is my code,when i run app image not submitting to server,and in logcat response
 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button upload, pick;
private ProgressDialog dialog;
MultipartEntity entity;
GridView gv;
int count = 0;
public ArrayList<String> map = new ArrayList<String>();
Bundle b;
TextView noImage;
private ArrayList<String> ImgData;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder()
            .permitAll().build();
    StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);
    b = getIntent().getExtras();
    noImage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.noImage);
    upload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUpload);
    pick = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPicture);
    gv = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview);
    gv.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
    if (b != null) {
        ImgData = b.getStringArrayList("IMAGE");
        for (int i = 0; i < ImgData.size(); i++) {
            map.add(ImgData.get(i).toString());
        }
    } else {
        noImage.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    }
    upload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(View v) {
            new ImageUploadTask()
                    .execute(count + "", "pk" + count + ".jpg");
        }
    });
    pick.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent i3 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, UploadActivity.class);
            startActivity(i3);
        }
    });
}

class ImageUploadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
    String sResponse = null;
    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onPreExecute();
        dialog = ProgressDialog.show(MainActivity.this, "Uploading",
                "Please wait...", true);
        dialog.show();
    }

    @Override
    protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
        try {

            String url = "http://mywebsite/web-service/addproduct.php?action=addproduct&name=earringss&categoryid=1&skucode=rings23&sale_rate=345&purchase_rate=45&weight=5&weighttype=kg&description=hellohihihih;

            //URLEncoder.encode("image","UTF-8");
            int i = Integer.parseInt(params[0]);
            Bitmap bitmap = decodeFile(map.get(i));
            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            entity = new MultipartEntity();
            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bos);
            byte[] data = bos.toByteArray();
            //entity.addPart("user_id", new StringBody("199"));
            //entity.addPart("club_id", new StringBody("10"));
            entity.addPart("image", new ByteArrayBody(data,
                    "image/jpeg", params[1]));

            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost,
                    localContext);
            sResponse = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(response.getEntity());

            System.out.println("sResponse : " + sResponse);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (dialog.isShowing())
                dialog.dismiss();
            Log.e(e.getClass().getName(), e.getMessage(), e);

        }
        return sResponse;
    }
    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(String sResponse) {
        try {
            if (dialog.isShowing())
                dialog.dismiss();
            if (sResponse != null) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        sResponse + " Photo uploaded successfully",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                count++;
                if (count < map.size()) {
                    new ImageUploadTask().execute(count + "", "hm" + count
                            + ".jpg");
                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), e.getMessage(),
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            Log.e(e.getClass().getName(), e.getMessage(), e);
        }

    }
}

public Bitmap decodeFile(String filePath) {
    // Decode image size
    BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, o);
    // The new size we want to scale to
    final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 1024;
    // Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
    int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight;
    int scale = 1;
    while (true) {
        if (width_tmp < REQUIRED_SIZE && height_tmp < REQUIRED_SIZE)
            break;
        width_tmp /= 2;
        height_tmp /= 2;
        scale *= 2;
    }
    BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    o2.inSampleSize = scale;
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, o2);
    return bitmap;
}

private class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Context mContext;

    public ImageAdapter(Context c) {
        mContext = c;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return map.size();
    }

    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    // create a new ImageView for each item referenced by the Adapter
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ImageView imageView;
        if (convertView == null) { // if it's not recycled, initialize some
                                    // attributes
            imageView = new ImageView(mContext);
            imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(85, 85,
                    Gravity.CENTER));
            imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
            imageView.setPadding(1, 1, 1, 1);

        } else {
            imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
        }

        imageView
                .setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeFile(map.get(position)));
        return imageView;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onBackPressed();
    MainActivity.this.finish();
}

A: I think you need to change your onClick listener or AsynkTask to upload multiple images. Simply, move the logic in doInBackground() to a separate method with image name parameter.
private String uploadImage(String image){
    //The existing doInBackground logic
    //Bitmap bitmap = decodeFile(image);
}
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
    for (String s : map){
       uploadeImage(s);
    }
}

But I think there would be alternative ways to do this such as multi-thread handling.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


7-year-old Kiki was pulled from the rubble of his home in Port-au-Prince a full eight days after the earthquake that destroyed the Haitian capital in 2010. Photographs of him holding out his arms to his rescuers, and of his dirt-encrusted face lit up by a dazzling smile, were published around the world and turned him into a symbol of hope amid so much suffering.
Five years later, long after the international media had departed, Bridge of Hope discovered that Kiki and his brother, David, were unable to attend school because their family could not afford the cost of school fees, books and uniforms.
They are not alone. In the poorest country in the western hemisphere, where much of the population survives on less than $2 a day, roughly half Haiti's children cannot go to school.
Thanks to Bridge of Hope, Kiki and David are now being educated in Jacmel, southern Haiti but numerous children like them need similar support.


I'm super excited to have m/m romance author Kim Fielding on the blog today to celebrate her new release!
Hi! I'm Kim Fielding and I'm very excited to announce the release of my newest novel, The Little Library! Set in California's Central Valley, this story stars a guy with a slight obsession with books. What's not love about that, right?
Blurb: Elliott Thompson was once a historian with a promising academic future, but his involvement in a scandal meant a lost job, public shame, and a ruined love life. He took shelter in his rural California hometown, where he teaches online classes, hoards books, and despairs of his future.
I think this is the most mature book I've ever read. Not mature in terms of the characters' ages, but mature in the amount of communication between Elliott and Simon. They actually talk to each other. About their feeling and insecurities, and most importantly, about their future together. No secrets, just everything out on the open. It was so refreshing.
Elliott and Simon were so very lovely together. They understand each other, they communicate, they want the same things, even though it might seem like they don't. They're so easy together...except for their first date, which had all of the awkwardness that a first date should have. It was hysterical.
Elliott and Simon are two imperfect, flawed characters...and yet they fit so well together. This book is told solely from Elliott's POV, but Simon's feelings for Elliott and about coming out to his super conservative family came through loud and clear through Elliott. I never felt like I didn't know Simon because we didn't get his POV.
I found the pacing was a bit slow at times, but all in all this is a highly recommendable read if you're looking for mature characters (in terms of personality and mentality, not age), low angst, and general feel goodness!
Kim Fielding is the bestselling author of numerous m/m romance novels, novellas, and short stories. Like Kim herself, her work is eclectic, spanning genres such as contemporary, fantasy, paranormal, and historical. Her stories are set in alternate worlds, in 15th century Bosnia, in modern-day Oregon. Her heroes are hipster architect werewolves, housekeepers, maimed giants, and conflicted graduate students. They;'re usually flawed, they often encounter terrible obstacles, but they always find love.
After having migrated back and forth across the western two-thirds of the United States, Kim calls the boring part of California home. She lives there with her husband, two daughters, and her day job as a university professor, but escapes as often as possible via car, train, plane, or boat. This may explain why her characters often seem to be in transit as well. She dreams of traveling and writing full-time.


text:
Roche launches the new cobas c 513 analyser, meeting increasing demand for HbA1c testing of people with diabetes
Main features of the cobas c 513 analyser include:
HbA1c testing for risk identification, diagnosis and monitoring of people with diabetes
Double throughput, producing 400 patient results per hour; same footprint
Higher on-board test capacity
Direct results reporting
Roche (SIX: RO, ROG; OTCQX: RHHBY) announced today that its new, dedicated high-throughput HbA1c testing solution, the cobas c 513 analyser, is now available for countries accepting the CE mark.1
"The increasing number of people with diabetes is challenging healthcare providers and is putting a significant strain on healthcare systems," said Roland Diggelmann, COO, Roche Diagnostics. "With the cobas c 513, Roche is meeting the dedicated and growing testing needs of our customers."
With the new cobas c 513 analyser, Roche is replacing its existing dedicated HbA1c analyser, the COBAS INTEGRA 800 CTS, which has been a successful and well-established solution. The cobas c 513 analyser further increases laboratory efficiency by doubling the already market-leading throughput of the INTEGRA 800 CTS from 200 to 400 patient results per hour. The cobas c 513 achieves this performance with the same footprint.
The cobas c 513 features direct results reporting, thereby minimising the risk of result misinterpretation and eliminating the need to perform time-consuming, manual result interpretation. This saves valuable time and laboratory resources while ensuring high quality of results.
Furthermore, the cobas c 513 analyser provides a higher on-board test capacity. Enabling laboratories to load the analyser with more tests at a time saves laboratory space, releases lab resources and ensures a smooth workflow. The new analyser also offers closed tube sampling, which reduces hands-on time, prevents sample contamination and ensures operator safety for laboratory personnel.
The prevalence of diabetes has increased significantly in recent years, with estimates of as many as 566 million people with diabetes worldwide, of which 32% may still be undiagnosed. The total number of people with diabetes is anticipated to increase by a further 53% until 2035, putting a significant strain on healthcare providers. Over half of all cases of diabetes are preventable.
About the cobas c 513 analyser and the HbA1c test
HbA1c is a longer-term measure of blood sugar levels, which is used to determine if a person is diabetic or at risk of developing diabetes. The cobas c 513 analyser runs the established Tina-Quant HbA1c A1cDx Gen.3 test, which is also used across the Roche laboratory HbA1c portfolio, to ensure high quality of results. It complies with current guidelines and recommendations for HbA1c testing and measures A1c as defined by IFCC. With no interference by most known HbA1c variants, Roche's Tina-quant HbA1c assay delivers accurate monitoring of HbA1c levels and results that clinicians and patients can have confidence in.2 Moreover, Roche's Tina-Quant HbA1c was the first test cleared for diagnosis of diabetes by the FDA.
The cobas c 513 analyser is based on the proven and trusted cobas technology developed in cooperation with Hitachi High-Technologies (HHT).
Headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, Roche is a leader in research-focused healthcare with combined strengths in pharmaceuticals and diagnostics. Roche is the world's largest biotech company, with truly differentiated medicines in oncology, immunology, infectious diseases, ophthalmology and neuroscience. Roche is also the world leader in in vitro diagnostics and tissue-based cancer diagnostics, and a frontrunner in diabetes management. Roche's personalised healthcare strategy aims at providing medicines and diagnostics that enable tangible improvements in the health, quality of life and survival of patients. Founded in 1896, Roche has been making important contributions to global health for more than a century. Twenty-nine medicines developed by Roche are included in the World Health Organization Model Lists of Essential Medicines, among them life-saving antibiotics, antimalarials and chemotherapy.
1 Local product availability may vary independently from CE mark approval.
2 HbA1c Assay Interferences. NGSP. September 2014. http://www.ngsp.org/interf.asp. Accessed January 14, 2015


In this image the right and middle lanes end while the left one continues up the stairs.
There are typically three Lanes in Lara Croft: Relic Run. Lara can run in either of these three lanes and change between them by swiping as long as there are no obstacles between them. If there is an obstacle coming up that Lara can not slide beneath or jump over, she has to change lanes or else she will hit the obstacle.
Powerups, Clues, or Relics are always located in one lane and never between them. On the other hand Coin Trails are often associated with a specific lane, but they also might start in one lane and end in a different one, with coins not clearly positioned in one or the other.
Sometimes there is only one lane, e.g. when there is a fork in the path, where Lara has to choose beforehand if she wants to turn left or right by stepping into the corresponding lane. At the beginning of Combat Sessions the path ahead also narrows to only one lane, e.g. at a door. Lara will automatically get into the middle lane here. This is also true for some ends of Slide Sequences in the Desert Ruins level - e.g. column jumping - or at the end of the ATV sequence in the Jungle Temple. Nonetheless the player should always be prepared to get into the right lane himself and not rely upon Lara to do it for him.
Swiping into a lane where there is no space for Lara might cause her to stumble. This increases the likelihood of hitting the next obstacle ahead while she is still recovering; e.g. in the Desert Ruins swiping into the stairs too late makes Lara stumble and run into the wall ahead.
This page was last modified on 26 June 2015, at 15:31.


text: TEVENS, GRENVILLE SMITH, M. D., of Providence, R. I., was born in Raynham, Mass., July 10th, 1829. He was sent to school at an early age, and during his whole rudimentary course, he manifested that eagerness for study, and desire to attain knowledge, which has been a marked characteristic with him through life. At the age of sixteen he had attained a remarkable degree of proficiency in the common English branches, and at that time, -1845,- he entered upon an academic course of study, preparatory to a collegiate course : having thus early, the medical profession as his ultimate object. After three most profitable years engaged in this course ; in 1848, he entered Brown University, at Providence, R. I., from which he graduated in 1852. During his college vacations he pursued his preliminary medical studies, in the office of Drs. Barrows and Graves, of Taunton, Mass. In September, of the year of his graduation from the university, he entered Dr. Okie's office in Providence. The following year, -1853,- he attended his first course of medical lectures in Pittsfield, Mass. He afterwards attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in New York city, where, in 1854, he graduated. In July of the same year, during the prevalence of the great cholera epidemic, he went to Chicago, Ills. After a brief residence of three weeks in the "Garden City," he was taken ill, and acting tinder advice, he immediately returned east. In August, 1854, he opened an office in Providence, R. I., and commenced practice. He soon gained an excellent reputation for his professional skill, and in a -short time he was in the enjoyment of a fine practice and the confidence and esteem of his patrons. For thirteen years he continued uninteruptedly in the performance of his professional duties, which were extremely arduous, and had had a marked effect upon his health ; and in consequence, in 1867, rest and recuperation became an imperative necessity, and he retired to his farm, for the space of two years. In 1869, he returned to Providence, and resumed the duties of his profession with restored health and unimpaired energies. Since which time he has been in full practice, with increasing prosperity and success.


staff VNIISTROM them. PP Budnikova in the mid 80's of the last century, developed and introduced non-explosive destructive means NRW and tested and implemented in more than 200 objects of technology of its application.
Principle NRW is to expand hardening aqueous suspension with pressure exceeds 80 MPa, which is higher than most of their foreign counterparts.
The property (concrete, reinforced concrete, granite, marble, etc.), subject to breakage (divided into blocks), drilled boreholes, which is filled with an aqueous suspension of NRW. NRW hydrated, hardening and increase in volume, which leads to the destruction of the object (divided into blocks). Failure occurs gradually, with a high level of security.
In 1989, the development of this team was awarded the Prize of the Council of Ministers in the field of construction and architecture.
With HPB can be made directly to the destruction of the existing shops, towns, etc. and so on, with full safety for the environment, because the effect of HPB not accompanied by any fluctuations, release of solid or gaseous products.
developed pressure - up to 500 kg / cm 2 (50 MPa).
Due to the high hygroscopicity of NRW is packaged in moisture-proof packaging. Guaranteed shelf life (while maintaining sealing packing) in a dry place: at least 6 months.
When mixing the powder with water to form HPB fuel mixture (suspension), which, when filled in partially or completely closed cavity (for example, the trace) in an object, gradually, as a result of hydration powder hardens increases in the volume.
The increase is accompanied by the development of the pressure on the walls of the containing cavity (hole), the value of which in time of up to 500 kg / cm 2 (50 MPa). In the body of the containing object develop stress the importance of which can exceed its maximum tensile strength, which will lead to the destruction of the object.
design objects (and the subsequent exposure of the cutting valve, removal of parts of the destroyed object of fracture zone).
The most time consuming process in a set of works, mainly determined by the duration, cost and unit labor costs 1m3 destruction facility is to drill holes.
tightness in the fracture zone (free surfaces at object destruction facilities not subject to liquidation, communication networks, etc.).
tensile strength of the material object (profile), and the parameters of its reinforcement (for concrete).
2.6. The basic principle in the design of the scheme drilling holes, ensuring the most efficient work, is the desire to meet, perhaps, less drilling in relation to a particular item.
Volume of drilling will be the smaller, the smaller the size of parts (units) formed in object is destroyed. The last is due, mainly, the characteristics of existing material handling equipment (see Figure 2).
2.7. Effective application of NRW in the facility requires a minimum of two vertical free surfaces arranged relative to each other at an angle (see Fig. 3). In the absence of the second free vertical surface it is necessary to form, using traditional methods.
3.1. Drilling holes in the objects to be destroyed, is carried out mainly through drills, machines can be used with the diamond ring drills.
3.2. With a large volume of drilling is recommended installing drilling string.
4.1. Recommended mainly to drill boreholes 32:42 mm diameter.
With holes 40 mm in diameter increases the probability of spontaneous emission of working fluid from the hole, especially if the object temperature exceeds + 25 0 C. The larger the diameter of the hole, the greater the damage, but consumes more NRW.
4.2. If the object is characterized by high porosity and, consequently, the water absorption, it is necessary to bore-holes (before filling them working mixture) to saturate with water.
From hole depth and inclination of the object depends on the direction of the cleavage cracks (see Fig. 5).
4.4. The direction is determined by the location of the destruction of holes in the object.
Usually cracks connect adjacent boreholes or go to the nearest hole on the free surface of the object (see Fig. 4).
4.5. With the destruction of the object, the height of which does not exceed 30-40 cm, it is recommended to drill boreholes inclined boreholes or use smaller diameter (see Fig. 6).
This is explained by the fact that the pressure created by the working mixture in the upper part of the hole (equal to h = 3d) less than in the lower part. The influence of low pressure in the upper part of the hole on the effect of the destruction of the smaller, the greater the depth of holes used.
4.6. Consumption NRW to destroy a particular object is determined based on the fact that the filling 1 cm 3 of the hole requires 1.8 g powder NRW.
4.7. For the detection of the valve (if you know the layout of reinforcement in the facility) hole drilling carried out in the immediate vicinity of the valve (see Fig. 7).
4.8. Location nearest to the free surface of the hole from the free surface should be two times less than the distance between the "internal" bore-holes (see Fig. 5).
5.1. Bore-holes, designed to fill the working mixture, must be clean, free of dust, debris, materials, water, etc.
5.2. Boreholes are filled with the working mixture to the mouth. No need to clog anything boreholes filled with the working mixture.
5.3. If the filling of the hole there is a bundle working fluid (water separation), we recommend 1-2 minutes after pouring the mixture to produce a working refilling working mixture in the already filled to drive out the detachable water.
5.4. After pouring the mixture of working to protect the mouth of the holes from the action of water (eg, rain).
5.5. Application NRW effectively if the temperature of the object being destroyed at least +2 +3 0 C and not more than +35 0 C.
The higher the temperature of the object, the cooler should be mixing water.
the temperature of the mixture.
6.1.1. The higher tensile strength of the material object, the greater the time to cracking.
6.1.2. Raising the temperature of the object (in specified in section 4 limits) helps speed up the process of cracking.
6.1.3. Reducing the distance between blast holes accelerates the formation of cracks, but causes increased consumption of NRW.
6.1.4. Increase the water content in the working mixture to slow the process of cracking.
changing world. Continues the work of great people!!!


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text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
Bull. trimest. Soc. mycol. Fr. 94(4): 386 (1978)

#### Original name
Cercospora eriobotryicola J.M. Yen

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A finely carved eagle cast in bronze with an all over great patina. Manufactured in the 1880s, the golden age of American architectural and garden ornament when companies like F.W. Fiske, Mott and others in the northeast and midwest flourished, supplying American gardens with ornaments, statues, gates and architectural features.


text:
Q: Why git pull from 2 branches deletes some modifications from the first branch? I have this scenario:

*

*branchA - with some modifications for 1.txt file

*branchB - with some other modifications for 1.txt file

*master - with old version of 1.txt file

I am in the master branch. First I pull branchA and get branchA modifications to 1.txt file.
then I pulled branchB and get its modifications to 1.txt file, but that last pull also deleted the branchA modifications, and Git didn't show any conflict, why is that happening and how to prevent it

A: TL;DR
We can't tell you without more information.  But you can find out why for yourself.
Long
As you say in your comment, git pull means run git fetch, then run a second Git command and the second command defaults to git merge.  So:
$ git checkout master
[various possible messages]
$ git pull origin branchA
[various possible messages]
$ git pull origin branchB
[more possible messages]

has your Git run git fetch twice, and git merge twice.  You can make this more efficient (on the computer, less efficient in terms of what you have to type in) by using git merge directly:
$ git checkout master
[various possible messages]
$ git fetch origin
[various possible messages]
$ git merge origin/branchA
[various possible messages]
$ git merge origin/branchB
[various possible messages]

and the outcome should be the same, given the same starting point, as long as the repository over at origin is not so super-active that the two different git fetch operations would do wildly different things.  This version is also easier to describe, so let's run with the longer but more efficient-for-Git variant.

[After the first merge, I] get branchA modifications to 1.txt file.

Note that the files you see in your working tree are simply extracted from some commit(s).  The git merge command performs some action, and its action is a little complex; we'll come back to this in a moment.

then I pulled branchB and get its modifications to 1.txt file, but that last pull also deleted the branchA modifications, and Git didn't show any conflict, why is that happening ...

To explain why, it's necessary to show just how git merge really works—and to get there, we must start with the basic building block of a Git repository, the commit.
Git is not really about files.  It's true that commits contain files, but a commit is a sort of all-or-nothing deal: you either have the commit, which means you have all those files in exactly that form, or you don't have the commit and you don't have its files at all.  It's also true that we (humans) find commits using the aid of branch names, and that Git organizes commits into things we call branches.1  But the raison d'être for Git is really the commit.

1Humans call the branch names "branches", and call the commit-groups "branches", and sometimes call one particular commit "a branch", and may call remote-tracking names "branches".  For that matter, we call those brown things that stick out of tree trunks and eventually hold leaves "branches" too.2  So you need to watch out with the word "branch": think about whether you mean one specific commit, some group of commits, a branch name, or what, whenever you say or hear "branch".  The person who said or wrote it might mean something else!
2Arborists and tree science people—dendrologists—have specific meanings for "trunk", "branch", "twig", and so on.  See the discussion here and/or the information here, for instance.

A commit is ...
Every Git commit has a unique number.  This number—expressed in hexadecimal as a hash ID—is how Git actually finds and identifies the commit.  Git needs this hash ID to find the commit.  If Git didn't give us a better-for-humans alternative, we'd have to memorize all the hash IDs.  So of course, Git does give us an alternative.  But before we look at it, let's look at what's in a commit.
Each commit consists of two parts:

*

*The commit holds a full snapshot of every file, as a sort of permanent archive.  The files in this snapshot are stored in a special Git-only format where they're compressed and, importantly, have their contents de-duplicated.  So this means that if your new commit has 999 identical files and one different (edited) file, the new commit literally shares all 999 identical files with the previous commit.
For this to work, committed files can never be changed.  As it happens, Git's magic numbering trick for commits already requires that no part of any commit ever be changed, so Git gets this for free.

*Meanwhile, separate from the snapshot, every commit holds some metadata, or information about the commit itself.  This includes things like the name and email address of the person who made the commit.  (The snapshot is actually handled indirectly, via a tree line in this metadata, which allows a new snapshot to completely reuse everything about a previous snapshot.  For instance, if you make a bad commit, then use git revert to undo the bad one by adding a correction, the new commit literally uses no space at all to hold the new snapshot, because it's 100% identical to the snapshot from two commits ago.  The new commit has new metadata, but re-uses an entire snapshot, rather than just parts of previous ones.)
The reason we care about the snapshot is obvious enough: those are the files that Git will "un-archive" for us when we ask Git to extract that snapshot.  The reason we care about the metadata is that it defines what git log shows us: who made the commit, when, and why, i.e., their log message.  But the metadata also include a list of previous commit hash IDs, and this is what forms commits into the chains that we call "branches".
These commit chains are crucial to understanding how git merge works.  Let's take a brief look at the mechanism.
Most Git commits store exactly one previous-commit hash ID in their metadata.  Git calls this one saved hash ID the parent of the commit, and we say that the commit points to its parent.  We can draw this, if we use letters to stand in for those big ugly hash IDs, by drawing the latest commit H with an arrow coming out of it, pointing backwards:
            <-H

Here H stands for "hash".  Because this "arrow" points to the previous commit, it's now time to draw in that previous commit.  Let's pick the previous letter G for that:
        <-G <-H

Since G is a commit, it has a snapshot and metadata, and its metadata holds one commit hash ID.  Commit G points to some still-earlier commit:
... <-F <-G <-H

This kind of backwards-pointing linkage lets Git work its way from the last commit in this chain, all the way back to the very first commit ever.  That commit, being the first one, has an empty list of previous commits, because there isn't any previous commit to get to.  So that's where git log has to stop.
Branch names find commits
I noted earlier that Git needs the actual hash ID, whatever that is, for commit H to find commit H in its object database.  We could just memorize it, and type it in, but who wants to memorize and retype 30cc8d0f147546d4dd77bf497f4dec51e7265bd8 for instance?  So Git gives us—humans—an alternative that is much easier for us.  Git's references—branch names, tag names, remote-tracking names, and all other kinds of names that Git lumps under this general term "reference"—let us type in a nice simple name like master or branchA.
The name itself simply holds the hash ID of the last commit in the chain.  Whatever hash ID the name holds, that hash ID is the last commit in the chain.  So when we have:
...--F--G--H   <-- master

the name master means "commit H", anywhere we use the name where Git needs a hash ID.
We can, at any time, create a new branch name.  We just need to make this name point to some existing commit.  For instance, if we create a new br1 branch, pointing to H, we get:
...--G--H   <-- br1, master

To remember which branch name we're using, Git attaches the special name HEAD to one of the branch names.  We'll skip most of this and move on to remote-tracking names.
git fetch and remote-tracking names
When you run git fetch, you are having your Git software, which works with your Git repository (your clone, on your laptop for instance) call up some other Git software, which is working with some other Git repository: a different clone.
That other Git software and repository, working together, have their own branch names.  These point to commits they have in their repository.
You may or may not have all the same commits.  Every commit is numbered, after all, with a unique number.  If you have a commit that has the same number, that means you have the same commit.  If you have commits that they don't, you'll have numbers that are just missing from their repository entirely.  The converse is true if they have commits you lack.
So, your git fetch has them list out their branch names and other references, and the hash IDs that go with these.  Since the branch names define the latest commits, any of their branch names that have a commit that you don't will show up here.
Fpr every commit they tell you about, that they have and you don't, your Git will ask their Git to send that commit to you.3  This also obliges their Git to offer the parent(s) of that commit, which your Git will check to see if you have.  If not, they must send the parents, and offer you the parents' parents, and so on.  In this way, you get from them all of their new commits that you don't already have.
Each git fetch, in other words, just adds to your collective.  You now have their commits in addition to any of your own that you've never given out.  (To send commits that you have, that they lack, you use git push.  This means push and fetch are as close as Git gets to opposites.  They're not exactly opposites, though.)
There's one problem: they have branch names for remembering their latest commits.  Your Git software can't just rip your branch names off your commits to make them remember their commits.  What if you've add a new master-branch commit that they don't have yet?  Then you have:
          I   <-- master (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H

(see how your master now points to your latest commit, which is later than H?).  Meanwhile, they have some commit you are just now hearing of, commit J, that their master records:
...--G--H
         \
          J   <-- [their] master

(See how both I and J are both later than H?  Their master records the now-shared J commit.)
In your repository, you've now added commit J so you have:
          I   <-- master (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H
         \
          J   <-- [their] master

We'd like to to have our Git software set up some name in our repository to remember where their master pointed during this git fetch.  To achieve that, we have our Git turn their branch names into our remote-tracking names:
          I   <-- master (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H
         \
          J   <-- origin/master

This origin-prefixed name, origin/master, is our Git's way of remembering their Git's branch names.

3This includes sending all of its files—but, due to the magic of Git's de-duplication and the way commits work, their Git and your Git can usually very quickly figure out which files you already have, and they can avoid sending you duplicates.  So, even though every commit has every file, and you get every new commit, you only get new-to-you files, just as you only get new-to-you commits.  Even then, they're magically compressed against files that their Git knows that you have.  This magic works poorly for certain cases of special clones, such as shallow clones, but we won't go into details here.

Your own setup (it's different and not something I can predict)
Let's suppose that your master is on commit H, and their master was on commit H before (which is why your own is also on H now):
...--G--H   <-- master (HEAD), origin/master

You now run git fetch origin.  They've gone ahead and created some new commits and have some new branch names, so now you get:
          I   <-- origin/branchA
         /
...--G--H   <-- master (HEAD)
      \  \
       \  J   <-- origin/master
        \
         K--L   <-- origin/branchB

Here, things get a little speculative.  I can only guess what the graph looks like.  You can see it: use git log --graph, or one of the many answers from Pretty Git branch graphs, to see what your graph looks like after git fetch, and before any git merge.
Note that to see this, you must use a separate git fetch, then some git log command or similar, before you run git merge.  If you run git pull origin branchA, and then look, it's too late!
Using git merge
Merging is about combining work.  In general, want Git to combine work we've done since some point, with work someone else has done since some point.  But sometimes there's nothing to combine.  In these cases, Git can cheat.
Let's go back to our ...-G-H sequence:
...--G--H   <-- master (HEAD)

Let's create two branch names, br1 and br2, now:
...--G--H   <-- br1, br2, master (HEAD)

Now let's git switch br1 and make two new commits:
          I--J   <-- br1 (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H   <-- br2, master

Then we'll git switch br2 and make two more new commits:
          I--J   <-- br1
         /
...--G--H   <-- master
         \
          K--L   <-- br2 (HEAD)

We now switch back to master, or maybe br1:
          I--J   <-- br1 (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H   <-- master
         \
          K--L   <-- br2

... and run git merge and give it some other name (e.g., br2).  We're asking Git to combine work we did on one branch with work we did on another branch.  What does this actually mean?
The first problem with any such request is that commits don't store changes.  They only store snapshots.  Commit J has a full snapshot of all files, and commit L has a full snapshot of all files.  Commit H has a full snapshot of all files, too.
We can't just compare what's in J to what's in L.  Suppose we started out at commit H with a file with 100 lines.  Suppose that in commits I-J we added a few lines near the top, and in commits K-L we added a few lines near the bottom.  Comparing J vs L will tell us delete the added lines in the top, and add instead the lines in the bottom.
But hold on: our word-based description in the last paragraph above has the key clue: Suppose we started out at commit H ...  That is, in fact, exactly what we did.  But how should Git know this?
Well, take a look at the graph.  If we peel the distracting labels off it, we have:
          I--J
         /
...--G--H
         \
          K--L

It's almost blindingly obvious here: we were working along "in common", on the middle line, and then we "branched off" in two different directions, to make the top and bottom lines.  Git merely needs to find this shared starting point.  From there, it can determine what we changed, on each branch.
But suppose we're "on" master—that is, HEAD is attached to master, so that H is our current commit—and we run git merge br1 to merge commit I.  (Note that merge works on commits, really; we're just using names like br1 to find the commits.)  Git needs to find our shared started point.  The algorithm Git uses for this takes the  commit graph as its input, and comes up with commit H ... which is the commit we're using right now.
The general merge algorithm says:

*

*find the merge base;

*run two git diff operations, from merge base to each tip commit;

*combine the changes and apply to the snapshot from the merge base;

*use the result as the snapshot to make a new merge commit.

One of our two git diff operations here will be:
git diff --find-renames <hash-of-H> <hash-of-H>

The output from this git diff will be empty, because the snapshot in H exactly matches the snapshot in H.  There's no other possibility here!
(The other diff will compare H vs J, and thus see what work we did in br1, just like we want it to.)
The result of step 3—the "combining"—will be the set of changes from H to J, of course, because zero plus something is just the something.  So applying those same changes to H gets us the snapshot that's already there in J.  That means the merge result snapshot will exactly match the snapshot already in commit J.
If you force Git to make a real merge, Git will do that, and you'll get:
          I--J   <-- br1
         /    \
...--G--H------M   <-- master (HEAD)
         \
          K--L   <-- br2

where M is our new merge commit.  (A merge commit is a commit with two or more parents; here, the two are H and then J, in that order, though this particular drawing doesn't show the order.)
But if you don't force it, Git will take a cheap short-cut and not make any new commit at all.  Git calls this a fast-forward merge, but there's no actual merging involved.  Git just does this:
          I--J   <-- br1, master (HEAD)
         /
...--G--H
         \
          K--L   <-- br2

That is, Git makes the name master point to commit J, just as the name br1 points to J.
Having done this—i.e., not merged anything at all, just moved the branch name—we can now run git merge br2.  This time, Git can't cheat, because the merge base—the common starting point—is now commit H.  So this time Git has to run the two diffs:
git diff --find-renames <hash-of-H> <hash-of-J>   # what we changed
git diff --find-renames <hash-of-H> <hash-of-L>   # what they changed

Git can then combine the two diffs—or at least, try to combine them; there may be a merge conflict here—and if all goes well, Git can make a new commit M, whose snapshot is the result of applying the combined diffs to the snapshot from the merge base commit H:
          I--J   <-- br1
         /    \
...--G--H      M   <-- master (HEAD)
         \    /
          K--L   <-- br2

Your experience

but that [second merge] also deleted the branchA modifications, and Git didn't show any conflict ...

For this to happen, Git must have found the merge base somewhere, done the two git diffs, found that one side didn't change 1.txt, and found that the other side did change 1.txt, in such a way that the modification you expected to retain, got removed.
How, precisely, did that happen?  Well, that depends on which commit was the merge base commit in each of the two git merge operations you had Git run, and what diffs Git found when doing the merging.
To see what merge base(s) Git finds, use the git merge-base command.  It takes two commits (names or hash IDs) and spits out the hash ID(s) of the merge base(s):
git merge-base --all hash1 hash2

for instance.  The --all makes it list all the bases, if there are multiple merge bases; this particular case is somewhat rare, but if it happens, you have a much more complicated merge case, so it's worth checking.  See also the algorithm I linked above (Lowest Common Ancestor in a DAG).
Because you've already done both merges, this is a little tricky.  If both merges were true merges, git log --graph will show each of the two merge commits and, for each merge, both of its parents.  That will let you run git merge-base --all more easily.  But if at least one was a fast-forward merge, there's no trace of this merge left in the commit graph.  In this case, you'll need to use the reflogs (for HEAD and/or for the master branch) to observe the fast-forward operation and obtain the implied previous-branch-tip / merge base from there.
You can think of this as solving a murder mystery: who killed the line of code?  Was it Mr BranchA, in the library, with the rope?  Or was it Ms BranchB, in the conservatory, with the candlestick?  You must trace all the players' movements back from the time everyone was alive and well.  Sometimes it's obvious, when Mr BranchA has the collection of antique cannons and the murder victim was shot with a cannonball from an 1800s-era howitzer.  But you'll have to look at your particular situation: there's no single generic answer.


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text:
René Gustavo Benavides del Villar (30 de diciembre de 1922 - 28 de junio de 2009) fue un empresario y político chileno, diputado de la República por un periodo de cuatro años en la década de 1950.

Nació en Valparaíso, como hijo de Juan Maximiano Benavides Obrist y Clara de las Mercedes del Villar Garrido. Cursó estudios en el Seminario de La Serena y en el Liceo Alemán de la capital. Posteriormente realizó cursos especiales de cooperativismo.

En agosto de 1953 contrajo matrimonio con María Feliú Segovia, hija de Miguel Ángel Feliú Golobardes y María de la Asunción Segovia Faura, y hermana de la jurista y senadora 1990-1998, Olga.

De esta unión, que se prolongó hasta 1968 a raíz de la muerte de la mujer, dio como fruto nueve hijos, entre los que se cuenta el ingeniero comercial y empresario, Juan.

En el plano político llegó a ser presidente del Partido Agrario Laborista, entidad a la que representó en la Cámara Baja entre 1953 y 1957, por la 4ª Agrupación Departamental.

Desarrolló una larga carrera en el sector privado, llegando a ocupar gerencias de diversas entidades, entre las que se destaca la Cooperativa Cardenal Caro, Forestal Carampangue, Minera Tamaya y la Asociación de Exportadores de Chile.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Diputados de Chile
Empresarios de Chile
Políticos del Partido Agrario Laborista de Chile
Alumnado del Liceo Alemán de Santiago
Nacidos en Valparaíso
Rene


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