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Dr. Gaynor Cheokas, Interim Dean, Associate Professor & Director of C.B.E.D
Business and History Building, Room 212
gaynor.cheokas@gsw.edu
Dr. Cheokas holds a B.S. in Political Science from Columbus State University, a MSA from Georgia Southwestern State University, and a Doctorate in Business Administration from Georgia State University.
Dr. Cheokas joined Georgia Southwestern in the Fall of 2004. She is currently serving as Interim Dean for the College of Business and Computing. As a faculty member, she has taught undergraduate and graduate courses primarily in small business management, entrepreneurship, and organizational leadership. Cheokas is also the Director for the Center for Business and Economic Development (CBED) housed in the College of Business and Computing. She consults one-on-one with entrepreneurs and provides support services to economic development agencies and local governments. ...Her consulting experiences include assisting family owned businesses transition leadership from one generation to the next and working with various entities in understanding, defining, and refining their organizational culture. Cheokas is a graduate of the Georgia Academy for Economic Development and is a member of Board of Examiners for the Georgia Oglethorpe Award.
Before joining GSW, Dr. Cheokas served as Area Director in Americus for the Small Business Development Center (SBDC-SBA) network of Georgia. She also worked 21 years in private industry as a division director of a national catalog company and brings an extensive background in multi-unit retail store with extensive hands-on experience in marketing, customer service, and personnel management.
In addition, Cheokas remains active in her community. She is a past president of the Americus Rotary Club and has held various leadership position with the Americus-Sumter Chamber of Commerce. She is married to Mike Cheokas and they have three grown children, Brittany, Athan, and Lexie. Gaynor enjoys travel abroad, baking cheesecakes, and watching all types of sports (Atlanta Braves being top pick).
Dr. Jim Aller, Assistant Professor
jim.aller@gsw.edu
Dr. Aller received his Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Tyler in 2017. He holds the SHRM-SCP Certification from the Society of Human Resources and the Senior Professional in Human Resources Certification from the HR Certification Institute. Prior to academia, he worked in the Corporate HR field for 25 years from such companies as Walmart, The Home Depot and Pep Boys Auto..He was instrumental in establishing the School of Retail at the University of Houston Downtown in 2012 and was the Chair of the Employer Advisory Committee from 2011-2015. Some of his publications include Reshaping Education for the Third World Countries (2020); Maintaining Relationships through Social Media and the Way Forward (2020); Employee International Green Behavior in Public Sector Organization (2020) and Longitudinal Case Study comparing Video Utilization in Qualitative and Quantitative Courses. He has also presented HR Strategy Topics to the Pentecost University in Ghana (2019 & 2020) and Western Carolina University in Cullowhee, NC (2020). He also was a co-author of Exploring the Role of Technology on Organization Ethical Values: A review of literature, unemployment, and underutilization of labor. ... He has also presented at the Academy of Human Resource Develop. Dr. Aller is a practitioner of and advocate for effective HR management: a broad interdisciplinary field of talent acquisition, talent development, performance management, labor relations, compensation, scheduling management, and affective associate engagement. He has recently completed a pro-bono HR consulting project with LA Conservation while developing and implementing policies related to social media, sexual harassment, leave of absence, workplace violence, and attendance management. Dr. Aller is also chair of the Assurance of Learning Committee for the school of business and the Business and Finance Committee for the University. He also serves as the Committee Chair for the Performance Evaluation process for Business Faculty
Dr. Robert Bennett, Professor
robert.bennett@gsw.edu
Dr. Robert H. Bennett, III is a Professor of Management at GSW. He has authored or co-authored over 50 scholarly research publications or presentations. Robert was named a Sam Walton Fellow in the Enactus organization and serves on the National Faculty Advisory Board. He was named the 2016 Faculty Member of the Year at GSW. For many years, Robert has taught MBA students at the prestigious Kedge Business School located in Marseille and Bordeaux, France. Bennett served for nearly 12 years as Chairman, President, and CEO of Farmers Exchange Bank headquartered in Alabama. American Banker Magazine recognized FEB in 2005 as one of the top community banks in the country. Bennett served as President and Chairman of the Alabama Bankers Association in 2007-2009 and was a member of the Community Bankers Council of the American Bankers Association from 2008-2013. ...From 2005-2008 Bennett was Academic Director of the Alabama Banking School and was a faculty member there for 18 years. Robert also served on the faculty of the L.S.U. Graduate School of Banking four years. Robert has served on the boards of three community banks and has consulted with numerous organizations nationwide including all four branches of the military. He was recognized in 2002 as the Outstanding Young Banker in Alabama.
Bennett's doctoral dissertation from Florida State University on the decision processes of bank boards was presented by invitation in 1998 at New York University's Stern School of Business. Robert was recognized as most outstanding male graduate in his undergraduate class at University of South Alabama and as most outstanding graduate of his M.B.A. class at the University of Georgia. He completed his Ph.D. from the Florida State University in 1996. He is a former president of the University of South Alabama National Alumni Association (1997-1998) and was a founder of the Mitchell College of Business Alumni Association. Robert is a past-chairman of the Eufaula-Barbour County Chamber of Commerce and served on the Foundation Board of Wallace Community College from 2002-2009. He was head of the Economic Development Council in Eufaula and member of the Board of Trustees at the Lakeside School. He was a member of Leadership Alabama Class XVII. He serves on the Board of Trustees of Eufaula First United Methodist Church and has been a long-time youth sports coach. Currently he is the varsity golf coach at the Lakeside School.
Dr. Carol Bishop, Associate Professor & MBA Director
carol.bishop@gsw.edu
Dr. Carol Bishop transitioned into academia after careers in public, private, and governmental accounting. Her goal is to help students find their niche in accounting and in business. Her classes always involve real-world examples, assignments, and discussions. Her office hours include help with resume crafting, interview advice, and job strategy sessions. As the director of the MBA program, Dr. Bishop encourages students to pursue their dreams and prepare academically so they will be ready to seize the opportunities that come their way. She also advises students in the GSW Accounting Club. Dr. Bishop's research interests stem from her previous career in accounting. In one research stream she investigates financial statement manipulation and fraud, including various types of pressures that influence accountants to misreport financial information.... In another research area she has investigated pathways for accountants seeking to transition into academia. Her research has appeared in top accounting journals, including: Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, Current Issues in Auditing, and International Journal of Auditing, as well as the Journal of Accountancy, a journal for practicing CPAs.
Dr. Allen Brown, Assistant Professor
allen.brown@gsw.edu
Dr. Allen Brown's interest in management began during his teenaged years at his Father's business. Given the opportunity to manage at such a young age combined with an undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering Technology, Dr. Brown pursued a career in technical management spanning 30 years. With many management opportunities during his professional career, Dr Brown was most interested in the behavioral aspects of management. Most intriguing was the individual's knowledge with the observation that some share their knowledge while others hide their knowledge. These professional management experiences sparked Dr. Brown's doctoral human behavior research. Dr. Brown's research interests include the individual's decision to hide knowledge. ...Also, Dr. Brown's research interests include individual differences such as personality and the individual's mental/psychological states. At GSW, Dr. Brown combines professional experience with research to create a unique classroom experience while teaching management courses such as Principles of Management, Quantitative Management and Operations Management.
Dr. Suzanne Conner, Associate Professor
suzanne.conner@gsw.edu
Dr. Conner received her PhD from New Mexico State University in 2012. She attributes her love of Marketing to working in many industries, including family businesses, from a young age. As an avid people watcher, she has always been fascinated by why people do what they do. This interest has sparked some of her research in Consumer Behavior. She also does research in the areas of sustainability and ethics. She is the Co-Secretary/Treasurer for the Marketing Educators' Association and serves as an Editorial Review Board Member for the Journal of Global Marketing and Journal of Digital & Social Media Marketing. In her spare time, she loves to explore other countries and cultures.
Mrs. Karen Cook, Senior Lecturer
Crawford Wheatley Hall, Room 204
karen.cook@gsw.edu
Dr. Karen S. Cook began teaching at GSW in 2001. She earned both her B.S. degree and her M.S. degree at GSW. She earned her EdD in Curriculum and Instruction from Columbus State University in 2020. Before coming to GSW, she held positions as the Systems Administrator for Lockheed Martin and for Card Services at Middle Georgia State College. She also taught at South Georgia Technical College before returning to her alma mater. She teaches courses in computer programming, computer ethics, systems analysis, and interface and configuration. She is also the founding advisor for the computer honor society, Upsilon Pi Epsilon, and for the Computer Club. She enjoys working with the independent living residents at Magnolia Manor and leads a group of students who assist the residents with their computer needs. She also enjoys traveling to third world countries with local medical and evangelical teams and usually serves at least a week each year doing so.
Mrs. Amber DeBaise, Lecturer of Management
amber.debaise@gsw.edu
Mrs. Amber DeBaise has more than 20 years of work experience in management, finance, and accounting in both the private and public sectors. She earned her BA in Marketing from Edinboro University and her MBA from Penn State University. DeBaise teaches courses in management, leadership, and business communications and serves as an advisor for Enactus. She recently co-authored a paper on a cross-curriculum simulation project, which has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management. DeBaise is also an active member of the Sumter County Chamber of Commerce Business Development Division and serves as a board member for the Americus Historic Preservation Commission. She promotes entrepreneurship and small business development in Sumter County and provides consultation services for local small businesses.
Dr. Mohammad Dehzooei, Assistant Professor
mohammad.dehzooei@gsw.edu
Dehzooei joined GSW in 2019. He teaches economics courses at GSW and his area of interest is Applied Microeconomics broadly defined with a particular emphasis on Development Economics, Environmental Economics, Poverty, Inequality, and Climate Change. Dr. Dehzooei actively contributes to the research community and provides consulting services to help improve economic policymaking. In recent years, he has studied how government policies have affected vulnerable groups in the European Union, the Middle East, and the US. He has also worked on the impacts of weather events on the wellbeing of people, and the relationship between weather, groundwater extraction, and agriculture. . In recent years, his research was supported by grants from the World Bank. Dr. Dehzooei received his Ph.D. in Economics from Virginia Tech in 2016, and before joining GSW he worked at Harvard Kennedy School, The World Bank, and Bloomsburg University. ...
For more information, please visit his personal webpage.
For a list of publications please visit his Google Scholar page.
Dr. Wei Ding, Associate Professor
wei.ding@gsw.edu
Dr. Wei Ding is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at GSW. Before coming to GSW, he was an Associate Professor of Computer Science at Florida Polytechnic University with several leadership roles. He received Ph.D. in Computer Science with Economics Minor from the Louisiana State University on August 11, 2006. Dr. Ding has 14 years teaching experience at U.S. four-year universities. He is an IEEE senior member, and member of ACM, IEEE Communication Society, and IEEE Computer Society. He worked as a senior software engineer in China before coming to U. S. for his Ph.D. His recent research covered cybersecurity, health informatics, wireless networks, cyber-physical systems, and Internet of things. He has published two books, five book chapters, and many peer reviewed papers, most as the first author in IEEE/ACM international conferences or in journals. Dr. Ding served on the Technical Program Committee for many IEEE international conferences, e.g. IEEE WCNC, IEEE GLOBECOM, IEEE ICC, IEEE ICNC, etc. He also served as reviewer for IEEE transactions.
Dr. Mark Grimes, Associate Professor
mark.grimes@gsw.edu
Dr. Mark Grimes received his Bachelor of Arts in Religion from Samford University (Birmingham, AL), his Master of Business Administration from Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw, GA), and his Doctor of Business Administration from Argosy University (Sarasota, FL). He primarily teaches Human Resources courses such as HR Staffing and Current Issues, and MBA courses such as Business Ethics, History and Philosophy of Management, Human Resource Management, and Organizational Leadership, and other Management or Human Resources courses as needed. His research and publishing interests revolve around volunteerism and the intersection of faith and management. In addition to teaching at GSW, he supports the university by sending his kids there; one of his daughters attended without graduating, another graduated with a degree in Marketing, and a third will graduate soon with a degree in Management.
Dr. Bill Hamby, Assistant Professor
william.hamby@gsw.edu
Dr. Bill Hamby is an Associate Professor of Accounting at Georgia Southwestern State University. He earned his Ph.D. in Accounting with a minor in Statistics from the University of Alabama in 1992. He has a BS in Accounting and MIS from the University of North Alabama. He has 32 years of full-time teaching experience and has taught at the following institutions: Alabama A&M University, Troy University, Indiana Wesleyan University, Lincoln Memorial University, Thomas University, Saint Mary's University (Nova Scotia), University of West Georgia, and the University of South Alabama. He has served 11 years in administration as a Dean, Division Chair, Department Chair, and Director of Accreditation. His primary teaching responsibilities and research interests relate to accounting information systems, managerial accounting, business ethics, and business strategy. Dr. Hamby has been active in accreditation and assessment consulting for American and international universities. ...He is an ordained elder in the Church of the Nazarene and has served as a senior pastor for churches in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Indiana, and Nova Scotia. Dr. Hamby is a native of Alabama but has also lived in Georgia, Tennessee, Indiana, and Nova Scotia. He is married and has three children and two grandchildren. His hobbies include reading, golf, hiking, and going to Alabama football games.
Mrs. Joni Hammond, Senior Lecturer
joni.hammond@gsw.edu
Mrs. Joni Hammond has a Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting from Columbus State University and a Master of Accountancy from Auburn University. She has experience in public accounting in the areas of auditing, individual, corporate, and partnership tax, and employee benefit plans. She is a licensed CPA in the states of Georgia and Alabama. At GSW, she teaching many accounting courses to include: Accounting Principles, Intermediate Accounting I, Accounting Systems, Internal Controls & Auditing, Income Tax Accounting, Advanced Income Tax Accounting, and Contemporary Issues in Accounting.
Mrs. Dawn Hart, Senior Lecturer
dawn.hart@gsw.edu
Dawn Hart began teaching accounting in March 1993. Ms. Hart carried her love of teaching with her to Oklahoma where she taught at both Northeastern State and Rogers State Universities. While in Oklahoma, Ms. Hart completed her CPA Certification. Returning to Ga in 2002, Ms. Hart resumed teaching at Darton State College. Ms. Hart also served as a Department of Veterans Affairs Fiduciary for Disabled Veterans. Currently, Dawn Hart is a Dougherty County Probate Fiduciary of Conservatorships and Estates. Working in the public sector (in addition to being rewarding) helps Ms. Hart bring relevance to in-class topics.
Dr. Michael Fathi, Professor
michael.fathi@gsw.edu
Professor Michael M. Fathi is a professor of management at GSW, where he has taught graduate-level as well as undergraduate courses in Strategic Management, International Business, Operations Management, International Management, Business Strategy, and Business Ethics since 1999. In 2005, his teaching abilities earned him the honor of being named a teacher of the year at GSW and received, "Excellence & Commitment to Teaching Award". Dr. Fathi has numerous (over 30) publications and presentations including articles in The Journal of International Management Studies, Academy of Business Review, Business Academic World International, International Academy of Business and Public Administration Discipline, Academic Business World International Conference (ABWIC), American Society for Competitiveness (ASC) Conference, The America Society for Competitiveness, and participated in editing and review of 4 current textbooks. ...Active in the international management education arena, some of the areas in which he has served include as a visiting professor in the Doctor of Management in Organization Development Program at Assumption University of Thailand (December, 2006); as a visiting Fulbright Scholar in the Executive MBA Program at Uzbekistan University, UZ (Fall , 1998); as a visiting professor for Central Michigan University in Vancouver, Canada to teach graduate course in Strategic Management for MSA program (8/89 to 1/06). As a visiting professor in the MBA program at Mashad University in IR (1994), and as the visiting professor in Organization and Management at the Kazakhstan (1997). Professor Dr. Fathi earned his Bachelor of Engineering degree from Jundi University in IR. 1973. He obtained the MBA from University of Baltimore in 1979, Doctor of Business Administration from Nova Southeastern University in 1985. From 1987 to 1999, served as a Professor of management at Brewton Parker College and in 1993-94 recognized as a "Teacher of the Year".
Dr. Cecilia Maldonado, Associate Professor
cecilia.maldonado@gsw.edu
Dr. Maldonado worked in the private industry in Monterrey, Mexico for almost 15 years as Systems Analyst, in places like local universities, maquiladora industry, brewery and steel company. After teaching some classes, she got passion for teaching and got a PhD. in International Business in the University of Texas. After graduating, she started working in GSW in the School of Business and Computing. Her main interest is in behavioral research, but she adores teaching statistics classes. Her goal is to teach students and support their professional aspirations by getting a college degree. Dr. Maldonado is very concerned in the real word examples and study cases where students can appreciate the application of their learning in the environment they will face in their future.
Dr. Sai Mukkavilli, Assistant Professor
sai.mukkavilli@gsw.edu
Dr Sai Mukkavilli - My specialization is in the area of "Cloud Security". Also, my other interests lie in the area of Programming, Network Security and Network Forensics. I am planning on shifting my focus to the security issues in Cryptocurrency. I plan to continue my current interests on a broader scale in academia. I graduated from Tennessee State University in Electrical and Computer Engineering with a Ph.D. in 2016. After that I worked at the same place for a year as an Instructor in the Computer science department till 2017 summer. Later, I moved to Wake Forest University in Winston Salem, North Carolina as a Visiting Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Department till 2018 summer. In fall 2018, I was hired as an Assistant Professor (Tenure Track) in the Computer Science Department at GSW.
Mr. Bill NeSmith, Adjunct Faculty
bill.nesmith@gsw.edu
Dr. Yangil Park, Associate Professor
yangil.park@gsw.edu
Dr. Park's work in the field of Management Information Systems focuses on the development of Internet technologies and the investigation of cognitive aspects of technology users. He teaches Information Systems for Management, Micro-computer Applications, E-commerce, and Internet Technologies. Dr. Park has published and presented nationally and internationally. His areas of research interest include cognitive investigation of end-users in the healthcare sector, Internet Technology innovation, Knowledge sharing in the organization, and IT sustainability. As a Lean Six Sigma Black Belt, he has consulted the healthcare sector to reduce costs and to increase efficiency. These efforts include the optimization of registering patients, filing claims, surgeries, and transplants. ...Dr. Park is committed to providing quality teaching and thus, he has funded and served several pedagogical events. Lately, he has participated in Small Teaching Online/Brain-Based Learning community and Growth Mindset Online Faculty Learning Community supported by the Chancellor's Learning Scholar program.
Dr. Shannon Perry, Assistant Dean Online Learning, eMajor BBA - Department Chair, Computer Science
shannon.perry@gsw.edu
Dr. Perry holds a bachelor's degree in both Information Systems and Finance from Georgia Southern University, a master's degree with concentration in Information Systems from Georgia Southern University, and a doctoral degree in Instructional Technology and Distance Education from Nova Southeastern University. Perry was awarded the Charles L Faire's Dissertation of Distinction Award for her dissertation on "The Impact of Online Student Support Services on Retention in the eMajor Bachelor of Business Administration Online Program."
Dr. Perry was the owner of The Glass Slipper, a women's shoe store, for several years before stepping full-time into academia. Since then Perry has taught at the Heart of Georgia Technical College and Brewton Parker College, serving as the Microcomputer Specialist Program Chair and Assistant Professor Computer Programming, respectively. After joining GSW, Dr. Perry has taught a variety of courses within the management major while also serving to develop and grow the eMajor BBA online program.
... Dr. Perry currently serves as the GSW eMajor BBA liaison and coordinates transfer student admissions for COBAC, streamlining entrance for students participating in the eMajor BBA program. Perry manages the Dublin office for COBAC, is a member of the Dublin/Laurens County Chamber of Commerce and remains active with other Laurens County local organizations.
Dr. John Stovall, Associate Professor
john.stovall@gsw.edu
John Stovall, PhD, attended the University of Illinois at Chicago and completed his Marketing Doctoral degree in conjunction with the UIC Entrepreneurial Center. His research interests include new product development and entrepreneurship, and he has consulted with many small businesses. John sat on the boards of the Americus-Sumter Chamber of Commerce in charge of Business Development and the Sumter Historic Trust where he worked to "balance the budget" and helped manage the properties owned by the Trust. More recently, John has worked with city officials, the Sumter Historic Trust, and Habitat for Humanity to redevelop neighborhoods in the historic district through his mission-based business, Americus Living, which was established in 2014.
Dr. Irina Toteva, Assistant Professor
irina.toteva@gsw.edu
Dr. Irina T. Toteva joined the GSW College of Business and Computing in August 2018. She completed her Ph.D. specializing in marketing at Florida Atlantic University and her B.S. in business administration and marketing at the University of Florida. Dr. Toteva teaches courses on principles of marketing, marketing research, social media, sports marketing. Her research interests are in consumer behavior, emotions, and decision making. Dr. Toteva has presented original research at a number of national marketing conferences, organized by the American Marketing Association, the Society for Marketing Advances, and INFORMS Marketing Science to name a few.
Dr. Qian Wang, Assistant Professor
qian.wang@gsw.edu
Dr. Wang received her Ph.D. from Mississippi State University. She teaches courses in business finance, business statistics, and quantitative management at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Dr. Wang's current research interests focus on corporate finance with a specific interest in corporate governance, strategic financial decisions, and international behavioral finance. Her articles have been published in the Review of Financial and Economics and Global Finance Journal. Dr. Wang belongs to the Financial Management Association, Eastern Finance Association, and the Southern Finance Association.
Dr. Alexander Yemelyanov, Professor
alexander.yemelyanov@gsw.edu
Dr. Alexander Yemelyanov received his Ph.D. in Computational and Applied Mathematics and a D.Sc. in Systems Engineering with a concentration in Human Factors. His professional interests include human-computer interaction; decision analysis; risk/safety analysis and modeling, especially within the scope of human errors in complex human-machine systems. Dr. Yemelyanov has written more than 120 publications, including three books.
Mrs. Janie Mooney, Senior Administrative Assistant
janie.mooney@gsw.edu
Janie Mooney came to Georgia Southwestern in March 2010 as the Administrative Assistant to the Dean of the School of Business Administration. She has continued as Senior Administrative Assistant with the Business School and Computer Science Departments merge to the College of Business and Computing in Fall 2019. Janie has served on the Staff Senate, the graduation committee, and on several search committees during her time as GSW. She is currently an active volunteer with SOWEGA CASA, an Ambassador for the Sumter County Chamber of Commerce, and a former member of the Americus Pilot Club. Janie is dedicated to serving the faculty, staff, and students of the College of Business and Computing. In her free time, she enjoys traveling with her husband and spending time with her children.
Mrs. Lisa Hensley, Administrative Assistant
Business and History Building, Room 204A
lisa.hensley@gsw.edu
Lisa Hensley has a wealth of experience in both the private and public sectors, paired with life experiences gained from living and working in five states (Indiana, Illinois, Florida, Kentucky, and now Georgia). Over the course of 25+ years, her work has focused on administrative assistant and office management roles, including for a large insurance company, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the United States Postal Service. In her free time, she enjoys spending time outdoors with her family and taking walks with her husband, Mike, and their two Brittany Spaniels, Persimmon and Willow.
Mr. Jonathan Hobbs, Manager of IT and Faculty Support
Business and History Building, Room 101B
jonathan.hobbs@gsw.edu
Jonathan Hobbs joined the GSW College of Business & Computing in 2014. He completed his MSIT specializing in Cyber Security at Kennesaw State University and his BSIT at Georgia Southwestern State University. He manages all technology, online learning management system, and faculty support for the College of Business & Computing.


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Saunders County, Nebraska old plat maps, picture, photos, historical, rare, digital, atlases.
Dr. R. D. Bush | C. J. Pearson | Rev. John Torell Peter P. Ecklund & Wife | C. J. Erickson & Wife | John Brich John Martenson & Wife | Andrew Olson & Wife Rev. P. F. Mostrom | F. M. Bennett & Wife Anton Jelinek & Wife | Mrs. P. F. Mostrom Andrew Okeson &
family and residence old rare photo picture Saunders county, Nebraska taken before 1907. If you want photo additionally enhanced, expanded, or cropped use the contact form to let me know what you want and if I can do it in the form of a JPEG I'll send you a quote. Most quotes $5.
Dr. R. D. Bush.
Ceresco. Nebraska.
C. J. PEARSON.
Born in Sweden in 1870. Settled in Saunders County in 1881.
Rev. John Torell.
Born in Sweden in 1853. Came to America in 1875. Settled in Saunders County in 1887.
Petsr P. Ecklund and Wife.
Born in Sweden in 1801 and 1859. Settled in Saunders County in 188G.
C. J. Erickson and Wife.
Born in Sweden in 1857 and 1856. Came to Saunders County in 1890.
John Brich.
Born in Bohemia in 1867. Settled in Saunders County in 1880.
John Martenson and Wife.
Born in Sweden in 1858 and 1862. Came to America in 1881 and 1887.
Andrew Olson and Wife.
Rev. P. F. Mostrom Born in Sweden in 1848. Settled in Saunders County in 1894.
F. M. Bennett and Wife.
Born in West Virginia and Illinois in 1848 and 1858. Settled in Saunders County in 1871 and 1866.
Anton Jelinek and Wife.
Born in Bohemia in 1858 and 1856. Settled in Saunders County in 1882 and 1880.
Mrs. P. F. Mostrom.
Born in Sweden in 1845. Came to Saunders County in 1896.
Andrew Okeson and Wife.
Born in Sweden in 1862 and 1866. Came to Saunders County in 1870 and 1889.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jaded Blossom: Cheesy Birthday Greetings!
Jamie here and I made a cute card using this month's Spotlight Set Mouse Bites!
I started with the Card Mat Die and stamped a sentiment from Mouse Bites. Then I used a triangle from Card Layer Dies 1 and Stitched Circle Dies to create the "cheese". Last I stamped the mouse to a Stitched Hexagon Die and colored with Spectrum Noir markers, then added it to the Scallop Hexagon and pop dotted to the card.
I love this ... so cute and your mouse is darling!


text:
Displaying 61-80 of 88 results
Dorothea Palmer
Dorothea Ferguson (née Palmer), birth control advocate, social worker (born 1908 in England; died 5 November 1992 in Ottawa, ON). Dorothea Palmer was arrested in 1936 for advertising birth control to women in a working-class neighbourhood in Ottawa. She was cleared of charges after a lengthy trial proved her work had been for the public good. Her acquittal was a major victory for the birth control movement in Canada.
Lucille Teasdale
Lucille Teasdale Corti, CM, GOQ, surgeon, humanitarian (born 30 January 1929 in Montréal, QC; died 1 August 1996 in Lombardy, Italy).
Mabel Hubbard Bell
Mabel Gardiner Hubbard Bell, aeronautics financier, community leader, social reformer and advocate for the deaf (born 25 November 1857 in Cambridge, Massachusetts; died 3 January 1923 in Chevy Chase, Maryland). Bell actively supported and contributed to the work of her husband, inventor Alexander Graham Bell. Her financial investment in his work made her the first financier of the aviation industry	in North America. She was a community leader in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, where the Bell family spent their summers. She was also a social reformer and supported innovation in education.
Click here for definitions of key terms used in this article.
Chloe Cooley and the Act to Limit Slavery in Upper Canada
Although little is known about Chloe Cooley, an enslaved woman in Upper Canada, her struggles against her "owner," Sergeant Adam Vrooman, precipitated the Act to Limit Slavery in Upper Canada, 1793 — the first legislation in the British colonies to restrict the slave trade.
The Act recognized enslavement as a legal and socially accepted institution. It also prohibited the importation of new slaves into Upper Canada and reflected a growing abolitionist sentiment in British North America.
k.d. lang (Profile)
This article was originally published in Maclean's magazine on November 6, 1995. Partner content is not updated.
We Demand
We Demand was a 13-page document that called for changes to discriminatory federal laws and policies concerning gays, bisexuals, and lesbians	in Canada. The brief, which contained ten points, was presented to the federal government in 1971. It set a national strategy that was pursued for decades until all the demands were met.
Bertha Clark-Jones
Bertha Clark-Jones (née Houle), OC, Cree (Nehiyawak)-Métis advocate for the rights of Indigenous women and children (born 6 November 1922 in Clear Hills, AB; died 21 October 2014 in Bonnyville, AB). A veteran of the Second World War, Clark-Jones joined the Aboriginal Veterans Society and advocated for the fair treatment of Indigenous ex-service people. She was co-founder and first president of the Native Women's Association of Canada. Clark-Jones devoted her life to seeking equality and greater power for women in Canada.
Black Cross Nurses in Canada
The Black Cross Nurses (BCN) is an auxiliary group intended for female members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The BCN was modeled on the nurses of the Red Cross. Its first chapter was launched in Philadelphia in May 1920. Under the leadership of Henrietta Vinton Davis, the BCN quickly became one of the UNIA's most popular and iconic auxiliary groups. Offering a safe and inviting place for the Black community, UNIA halls became important cultural hubs in many cities and towns across Canada, where BCN divisions were also established. Although they were not professionally trained nurses, members of the BCN were expected to provide care and advice on matters of health and hygiene.
Paul Rose, Québecois indépendantiste leader, terrorist, unionist (born 16 October 1943 in Montreal, Quebec; died 14 March 2013 in Montreal). He was a member of the Chénier Cell, also known as the South Shore Gang, of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) and a key player in the October Crisis. On 13 March 1971, he was sentenced for the kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte, a minister in the government of Quebec.
Sleeping Car Porters in Canada
Sleeping car porters were railway employees who attended to passengers aboard sleeping cars. Porters were responsible for passengers' needs throughout a train trip, including carrying luggage, setting up beds, pressing clothes and shining shoes, and serving food and beverages, among other services. The vast majority of sleeping car porters were Black men and the position was one of only a few job opportunities available to Black men in Canada. While the position carried respect and prestige for Black men in their communities, the work demanded long hours for little pay. Porters could be fired suddenly and were often subjected to racist treatment. Black Canadian porters formed the first Black railway union in North America (1917) and became members of the larger Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1939. Both unions combatted racism and the many challenges that porters experienced on the job.
Thelma Chalifoux
Thelma Julia Chalifoux, Métis, senator, entrepreneur, activist (born 8 February 1929 in Calgary, AB; died 22 September 2017 in St. Albert, AB). Chalifoux was the first Métis woman appointed to the Senate of Canada. As a senator, she was concerned with a range of issues, including Métis housing, drug company relations with the federal government, and environmental legislation. An ardent advocate for women's and Indigenous rights, Chalifoux was involved in organizations such as the Aboriginal Women's Business Development Corporation and the Métis Women's Council. She was also known for her work in the protection of Métis culture, having served in the Alberta Métis Senate and Michif Cultural and Métis Resource Institute (now Michif Cultural Connections).
Louis Riel, Métis leader, founder of Manitoba, central figure in the Red River and North-West resistances (born 22 October 1844 in Saint-Boniface, Red River Settlement; died 16 November 1885 in Regina, SK). Riel led two popular Métis governments, was central in bringing Manitoba into Confederation, and was executed for high treason for his role in the 1885 resistance to Canadian encroachment on Métis lands. Riel was initially dismissed as a rebel by Canadian historians, although many now sympathize with Riel as a Métis leader who fought to protect his people from the Canadian government.
Josephine Mandamin
Josephine Henrietta Mandamin, Anishinaabe elder, water-rights advocate, Anishinabek Nation Chief Water Commissioner (born 21 February 1942 in Wiikwemikoong Unceded Territory, Manitoulin Island, ON; died 22 February 2019). Mandamin, known as "Grandmother Water Walker" and Biidaasige-ba ("the one who comes with the light"), was a world-renowned water-rights activist. She walked around the Great Lakes	from 2003 to 2017 to bring awareness to the problems of water pollution and environmental degradation on the Great Lakes and on Indigenous	reserves in Canada. For her activism, Mandamin was awarded the Anishinabek Lifetime Achievement Award (2012) and the Governor General's Meritorious Service Cross (2018). Her great-niece, Autumn Peltier, followed in Mandamin's footsteps, becoming the next generation's "water warrior."
Jean Cuthand Goodwill
Jean Cuthand Goodwill, OC, nurse, public servant and Indigenous health and education advocate (born 14 August 1928 on the Poundmaker Cree Nation, SK; died 25 August 1997 in Regina, SK). Cuthand Goodwill was one of the first Indigenous	registered nurses in Canada. In 1974, she cofounded Indian and Inuit Nurses of Canada (now known as the Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association). She was a lifelong organizer, writer and educator who promoted First Nations health and culture.
Lillian Freiman
Lillian Freiman (née Bilsky), OBE, benefactor, community activist, organizer, civic leader and Zionist (born 6 June 1885 in Mattawa, ON; died 2 November 1940 in Montreal, QC). Lillian Freiman used her high social status and wealth to help those less fortunate, both within and beyond the Jewish	community. For her work assisting First World War soldiers and leading the Poppy Campaign, the Canadian Legion	made her an honorary life member in 1933. Freiman was the first woman to receive this honour.
Orange Order in Canada
The Orange Order was a political and religious fraternal society in Canada. From the early 19th century, members proudly defended Protestantism and the British connection while providing mutual aid. The Order had a strong influence in politics, particularly through patronage at the municipal level, and developed a reputation for sectarianism and rioting.
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Canada
Since the late 1960s, the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Canada has seen steady gains in rights. While discrimination against LGBT people persists in many places, major strides toward mainstream social acceptance and formal legal equality have nonetheless been made in recent decades. Canada is internationally regarded as a leader in this field. Recent years have seen steady progress on everything from health care to the right to adopt. In 2005, Canada became the fourth country worldwide to legalize same-sex marriage.
Autumn Peltier
Autumn Peltier, Anishinaabe water-rights advocate, Anishinabek Nation Chief Water Commissioner (born 27 September 2004 in Wiikwemikoong	Unceded Territory, Manitoulin Island, ON). Autumn Peltier is a world-renowned water-rights advocate and a leading global youth environmental activist. In April 2019, Peltier was appointed Chief Water Commissioner by the Anishinabek Nation and has spoken about the issue of contaminated water on Indigenous reserves	in Canada at the United Nations. For her activism, Peltier was nominated for the International Children's Peace Prize in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
William Andrew White
William Andrew White, Baptist minister and army chaplain (born 16 June 1874 in King and Queen Court House, VA; died 9 September 1936 in Halifax, NS). White was a leading member of the African Nova Scotian community. He was chaplain for the No. 2 Construction Battalion, making him one of the few Black officers in the Canadian Expeditionary Force	during the First World War.
Jim Egan
James Leo (Jim) Egan, gay activist, writer, politician, environmental activist (born 14 September 1921 in Toronto, ON; died 9 March 2000 in Courtenay, BC). Egan was the first person to publish long articles written from a gay point of view in Canada. He was also one of the first openly gay politicians to serve in Canada. Egan is best remembered for a court challenge he and his partner, Jack Nesbit, launched against the spousal allowance benefit under the Old Age Security Act in 1988. In the subsequent Egan v. Canada decision (1995), the Supreme Court read in that sexual orientation is a protected ground of discrimination in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms — a monumental finding in support of LGBTQ2 rights in Canada.


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Kanye for President and the age of showbiz politics
Kanye West. Ezra Shaw / Getty Images
The Americans blown away by Trump want to be entertained
How have the Democrats responded to their own politically-incorrect megalomaniac upstart, Kanye West?
Hollywood's often tried to mix
Show business with politics
From Helen Gahagan
To Ronald Reagan…
So begin the lyrics of Tom Lehrer's song George Murphy, written in 1965, where he rejoices that "At last we've got a senator who can really sing and dance". Lehrer is, of course, a satirist, whose top hits include Poisoning Pigeons In The Park and The Masochism Tango, so his political analysis must always be taken with a pinch of salt. However, looking at today's US election scene, it seems Lehrer may have had a point.
Let's start with Kanye West. Over the weekend, the rapper and record producer used the MTV Video Music Awards ceremony to announce his intention to run for President in 2020. In predictable fashion, the internet promptly went mad: 47 million tweets worldwide, including 247,525 tweets in a single minute, and a host of Kanye West for President memes. Since then, traditional media has come on board, with the New Yorker publishing a think-piece on Kanye's presidential "knack for making the average American feel things", and the BBC running a video feature asking "is there more to Kanye West than just a monumental ego?"
That's a question anyone following the 2016 US election has been asking for a while now, but not about West. In June, the Republican field became even more crowded when a reality TV star with a larger-than-life personality took centre stage. I am referring of course to Donald Trump.
Like West, Trump's announcement was treated purely as entertainment. When Ted Cruz and Scott Walker announced they were running, the internet did not fill up with listicles for them like "The 10 best lines from Donald Trump's announcement speech". No one has run pieces on why Rand Paul's hair can be so curly or Marco Rubio's so shiny, but Trump's hairstyle is so infamous it almost deserves a reality show of its own. And to my knowledge there are no videos of Jeb Bush saying "China" over and over again – and definitely none which have over half a million hits on youtube. It is difficult to take seriously a presidential candidate who is famous for firing celebrity business wannabes on his show The Apprentice and whose top ideas include demanding to see Obama's birth certificate and building a giant wall on the US-Mexican border and making Mexico pay for it.
So America laughed, and then Trump went and beat every other candidate in the polls. This is after a debate performance in which Trump got into a feud with moderator Megyn Kelly and was generally considered to have 'lost' to the more moderate voices of basically everyone else. And media organisations, waking up to the fact that maybe they shouldn't be quite so dismissive, are now beginning to run pieces like "What would be some pros and cons of Donald Trump becoming the president of the USA?"
To me, and to any student of Tom Lehrer, this approach misses the point. Americans – at least, the Americans blown away by Trump – want to be entertained. They don't want an even-handed pros-and-cons analysis of Trump. Nor do they want a presidential candidate who weighs up options, admits the challenges of solving complex problems, takes advice, and aims for the middle ground, like most normal politicians. In fact, many of them aren't sure they want a politician at all:
Two-thirds of Iowa Republicans want a president from outside of government. http://t.co/DUDyhPo0AQ pic.twitter.com/M1gWOrr0fn
— Chris Cillizza (@TheFix) September 1, 2015
Let's not forget who's polling second to (or possibly even neck-and-neck with) Trump: neurosurgeon Ben Carson, who has never run for office before in his life. And Carly Fiorina, whose qualifications for a presidential run consist not of being elected to a lower office but of managing Hewlett-Packard, was widely considered to be the winner of the second tier debate and is also on the rise.
How can the mainstream candidates, who have spent decades perfecting their political portfolios, respond? Jeb Bush's answer (and you don't get more mainstream than Jeb Bush) has been to get into the entertainment game himself, with a video drawing attention to Trump's previous pro-Democrat policies, set to jaunty music:
.@realDonaldTrump in his own words https://t.co/FM0tF1mNTB — Jeb Bush (@JebBush) September 1, 2015
It's not just the Republicans who have to watch out though. Looking for a radical says-it-like-it-is maverick from the far left? Say hello to Bernie Sanders. While Sanders is hardly a newcomer to politics (he ran for his first office in 1971), he has always self-identified as an outsider, running as an independent. Like Trump, he's happy to tell his base what they want to hear. So, indeed, is Britain's own Jeremy Corbyn, another straight-talking anti-establishment sage who doesn't see why forty years of globalisation and progress should mean updating socialist policies from the '70s. While it's true that neither Corbyn nor Sanders has had a reality TV show (yet), both are playing up the entertainment aspect for all its worth.
So back to Kanye West and his unexpected sidestep into politics. How have the Democrats responded to their own politically-incorrect megalomaniac upstart?
Last night @kanyewest declared his candidacy for president in 2020. Welcome to the race, Mr. West. Glad to have you. pic.twitter.com/RKRWuRhSxv
— The Democrats (@TheDemocrats) August 31, 2015
Scott Walker said building a U.S.-Canada wall is a "legitimate" idea. http://t.co/BPunJbaZWU pic.twitter.com/wwSwgYQbsx
Chris Christie thinks we should start tracking undocumented immigrants like FedEx packages. http://t.co/4TOrXuaIut pic.twitter.com/gRbx04YzwU
Meeting President Obama in NYC? It's the opportunity of a lifetime. Don't miss your chance: http://t.co/9Vtu11i9od pic.twitter.com/W9A9Hr6ce2 — The Democrats (@TheDemocrats) August 31, 2015
Democrats support: ????Raising the minimum wage ????Affordable college ????Paid maternity leave pic.twitter.com/AOdKE3JkGI — The Democrats (@TheDemocrats) August 31, 2015
Welcome to the show business of politics.


Fluent configuration for Json.NET v9 library. Tried to follow Fluent NHibernate mapping style. Implemented as converter and contract resolver.
Fluent configuration for Json.NET v11-beta3 library. Tried to follow Fluent NHibernate mapping style. Implemented as converter and contract resolver.
Fluent configuration for Json.NET v10 library. Tried to follow Fluent NHibernate mapping style. Implemented as converter and contract resolver.
Either monad that stores one of many known types inside it. See the project page for more: Json.Net and NHibernate bindings available.


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Accueil > News du laboratoire > Séminaire Digiteo, 31 Mars 2014, 14:30, Supélec, F.3.05
Séminaire Digiteo, 31 Mars 2014, 14:30, Supélec, F.3.05
Title: The Satisfiability Modulo Theories solver Z3
Speaker: Nikolaj Bjorner, Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, Redmond,
The Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver Z3 from Microsoft Research powers a generation of tools, including SAGE, P
Title: The Satisfiability Modulo Theories solver Z3 Speaker: Nikolaj Bjorner (http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/people/nbjorner/)   Abstract: Automated reasoning has become an integral part of software engineering tools in recent years thanks to high-performance theorem provers. The Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver Z3 from Microsoft Research powers a generation of tools, including SAGE, Pex, Spec#, Dafny, VCC, Havoc, Boogie, Slam, Yogi, Spec Explorer, SecGuru, and Terminator. These tools reduce program analysis, verification and testing problems to logic queries that are solved using Z3. The talk takes these applications of Z3 as a starting point and examines applications SAGE, Dafny and SecGuru in some more depth. SAGE uses dynamic symbolic execution. It has been used to eradicate hundreds of security vulnerabilities in media readers that are otherwise well-known to be prone to security critical bugs. Dafny is a program verification environment and presents the current state-of-the-art in program verification methodologies and tools. SecGuru is a tool for automatically validating network connectivity restriction policies in large scale data-centers such as Windows Azure. We then describe some of the current trends in Z3: including solving recursive Horn clauses, solving real and floating point arithmetic.
Bio: Nikolaj Bjorner is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, Redmond, working in the area of Automated Theorem Proving and Software Engineering. His current main line of work is around the state-of-the art theorem prover Z3, which is used as a foundation of several software engineering tools. Z3 is developed by Leonardo de Moura, Nikolaj Bjorner and Christoph Wintersteiger. Previously, he designed the DFSR, Distributed File System - Replication, shipped with Windows Server since 2005 and before that worked on distributed file sharing systems at a startup XDegrees, and program synthesis and transformation systems at the Kestrel Institute. He received his Master's and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from Stanford University, and spent the first three years of university at DTU and DIKU.


will be offering a desert retreat immersion of ritual and writing in the style of "The Red Book" meets Rilke. With an oracle deck of writing prompts, we will be in dialouge with the unconscious.
The desert has always been a symbol of transformation and prime territory for invoking our own internal landscapes. Sherene and Shari are excited to offer a retreat that pairs writing and ritual in this amazing landscape with the intention of writing our way back to ourselves.
Red Cliffs lodge is about 25 minutes outside of Moab city right along the infamous and stunning Colorado River. Each one of the rooms has a small kitchenette. There's also a pool, hot tub and workout room, plus a restaurant that opens for dinner at 5 pm.
River magic and why ports are magical destinations in themselves.
A list of historical spots and their meaning to the history of NOLA as well as any magical worker.
Breaking through blocks by frequency shifting meditations.
Every day rituals, what we do daily to bring more magic into the mundane.
Discounted rates at Red Cliffs Lodge (under our special room block) for cozy, rustic cabins with all the amenITIES INCLUDING swimming pool, hot tub and workout room. They have refrigerators and little kitchens, so you can bring your own food.
Shari Zollinger is a modern-day nomad who recently landed in the wild west outpost of Moab, Utah. She is a book enthusiast, a published poet and fluent in the symbolic and archetypal language of astrology. Her passion for language and poetics puts her in the unique position of translating astrology's ancient language for the contemporary psyche. Her clients are deeply artistic, insatiably bookish, wordsmiths of the highest order, and willing to take on the gorgeous challenge of deep self-work. Shari has a thriving astrology practice and continues to write her way into poems.


The BIM universe is a massive one which is so much more than modelling. With Navisworks, we'll step into the world of 4D BIM. Navisworks includes the design and construction worlds. This course is designed for the residents of both construction personnel, architects and engineers who are looking to integrate the design and the as-built world.
We'll learn about the User interface of Navisworks, the theoretical concepts related to different types of Navisworks files and different ways to import them. Then we'll dive into the BIM coordination vertical as we learn about clash detection and generating reports. Finally we'll create time simulations which encapsulate the Fourth dimension of BIM.
While the videos related to each topic show you one way of achieving a target, the textual explanations showcase multiple other ways of achieving the same. So it's highly recommended that you go through both of them while practicing them by yourself. In order to complete this course you'll have to answer all the assessment questions prescribed to the course. At the same time you'll also have to solve the assignment by downloading the attached files(where applicable) and uploading your solution in the required format.
The pre requisites for this course include: working knowledge of Revit Architecture, Structure, basic knowledge of BIM.
The first stepping stone to world of BIM coordination is learning Navisworks. Let's begin with getting familiarised with what this powerful tool is about.
Explains the many ways of opening a Revit file in Navisworks.
One of the most important tools in Navisworks is explained in this module.
Teaches how to walk through a model.
Teaches how to orbit the model.
Describes the Gravity and ViewCube tools, which enables the user to view the project from all directions.
Describes a handy tool for enhancing the viewing elements experience in Navisworks.
Selection tree is one of the most useful tool in the simulation process and clash detection.
One of the initial steps before clash detection and time simulations.
Navigating through the various options in the clash detection tool.
Running your first clash test on separate elements.
An important step after every clash detection which leads to clash resolution.
Changing the aesthetics of the view.
Step into the vertical of 4D BIM with your first time simulation.
Explains various functionalities that the time simulation tool possesses and shows how to export the created time simulation video.


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Title and Preamble
Covering Clauses
The Parliament
The Senate.
The House of Representatives.
Both Houses of the Parliament.
Powers of the Parliament.
The Executive Government.
The Judicature.
Finance and Trade.
The States.
§ 444. "The States."
§ 445. "The Constitution of each State."
§ 446. "Subject to this Constitution."
§ 447. "Power of the Parliament of a Colony."
§ 448. "Any Matter Within the Powers of the Parliament."
§ 449. "Powers of Alteration and of Repeal."
§ 450. "When a Law of a State is Inconsistent."
§ 451. "Governor of a State."
§ 452. "The Parliament of a State may Surrender."
§ 453. "A State may Levy."
§ 454. "Imports or Exports."
§ 455. "Inspection Laws."
§ 456. "Intoxicating Liquids."
States may not raise forces. Taxation of property of Commonwealth or State.
§ 457. "Raise or Maintain."
§ 458. "Impose any Tax on Property .. Belonging to the Commonwealth."
§ 459. "Nor Shall the Commonwealth."
§ 460. "A State shall not Coin Money."
§ 461. "Nor Make anything but Gold and Silver Coin a Legal Tender."
§ 462. "Any Religion or … any Religious Observance."
§ 463. "A Subject of the Queen."
§ 463a. "Resident in Any State."
§ 464. "Disability or Discrimination."
§ 465. "Full Faith and Credit."
§ 466. "Protect every State against Invasion."
§ 467. "Domestic Violence."
§ 468. "Offences Against the Laws of the Commonwealth."
§ 469. "Prisons."
New States.
Alteration of the Constitution.
§ 105. "As Nearly as Practicable."
These words are not intended to allow the Parliament a discretionary latitude in fixing the number of the members of the House of Representatives, but to provide for the slight variation that may be caused by the provision for the minimum representation of a State, and also by the provision for representing fractions of a quota. According to the mode provided in this section for determining the number of members, the "quota" of representation is to be ascertained by pure arithmetic. So far, the words, "as nearly as practicable" are unnecessary. But the quota so obtained, though it of course divides exactly into the population of the Commonwealth, is not likely to divide exactly into the population of each State. There will probably be fractions in each State, arithmetically entitled to a fraction of a member; and whether these fractions are ignored altogether, or whether provision is made—as in this section—for assigning a member to any fraction greater than one-half the quota, the result may be to slightly disturb the "two to one ratio." A further, and, at present, more considerable element of disturbance is the provision that each State shall have at least five representatives. On a population basis, Tasmania is at present only entitled to three representatives; and her two additional members, not being allowed for by the quota calculation, go to increase the number of members beyond the "two to one ratio."
The Parliament, when it makes "other provisions" for determining the number of members, will be bound by the constitutional provision to make their number "as nearly as practicable twice the number of the senators;" and the clear intention is that the absolute ratio should only be departed from, so far as may be necessary to adjust fractional and minimum representation.


Has Soros Changed his Mind on Bitcoin?
According to Bloomberg, one of the managers at Soros' family investment office, Soros Fund Management, has been given a green light to trade digital currency in the last few months. However, undisclosed "people familiar with the matter" state that Adam Fisher has not yet made a move into the market.
Despite this being the first hint that Soros is preparing his office to enter the crypto market, he has had an indirect interest in the space for some time. His firm bought out the third-biggest share in crypto-friendly Overstock.com in late 2017. Overstock was famously one of the first large companies to accept Bitcoin back in 2014 and started accepting a much wider range of cryptos in the summer of 2017. In addition, Overstock has planned to launch a digital currency exchange.
However, at the WEF he did admit that he had some ideas about using blockchain technology for some rather interesting proposals to aid with the current migration crisis. He stated that he believed the innovation could help families communicate with each other whilst travelling, as well as it could be potentially useful to help them keep their money safe through difficult times. Unfortunately, the billionaire investor didn't elaborate much further on his ideas.


The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), on Tuesday, closed its case against a former Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Alex Badeh (Rtd), who is facing trial over allegations of money laundering to the tune of N3.9bn.
The former Air Staff boss is standing trial alongside Iyalikam Nigeria Limited, before Justice Okon Abang of the Federal High Court, Maitama, Abuja.
He is being accused of abusing his position by diverting Nigeria Air Force, NAF, funds for personal enrichment, and acquisition of properties in choice areas in Abuja.
He was first arraigned in 2015 on a 10-count charge bordering on criminal breach of trust, abuse of office and money laundering to the tune of N3.9billion.
In a statement by the spokesman of the anti-graft agency, Wilson Uwujaren, says, "Upon discovery of fresh evidence, Badeh was re-arraigned by the anti-graft agency on July 4, 2018, on an amended 14-count charge bordering on money laundering, which he pleaded not guilty to.
"That you, Air Chief Marshal Alex S. Badeh (Rtd) And Iyalikam Nigeria Limited on or about 24th February 2016 in Abuja within the jurisdiction of this Honourable Court, did retain possession of the sum of $1,000,000.00 (One Million Dollar) only which you kept at No.6 Ogun River Street, Off Danube Street, Maitama, Abuja which funds you reasonably ought to have known formed part of the proceed of your unlawful activity to wit: theft, criminal breach of trust or corruption and you thereby committed an offence contrary to Section 15 (2) (d) of the Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act 2011 as amended in 2012 and punishable under Section 15 (3) of the same Act".
The statement further said that "At the resumed sitting, counsel to the EFCC, Rotimi Jacobs, SAN, told the court that the prosecution would be closing its case, after calling 21 witnesses to prove the charge against the defendant (Badeh).
"With the close of the prosecution's case, the stage is set for the defendant to prove his innocence on the charges preferred against him".
However, Badeh's counsel, Akin Olujimi, SAN, informed the court of the defence's intention to make a no-case submission, noting that the prosecution had failed to establish the necessary ingredients as to warrant an explanation from the defendant.
Posted by Mr. Cis on October 24, 2018.


A cameraman from New Hampshire Chronicle films Liz Barbour's June 29 presentation at the Amherst Town Library.
The 19th century essayist probably never had to cook a meal for a family, but Liz Barbour says he was on the right track.
"We have so many things in our kitchens," the cooking instructor told a crowd at the Amherst Town Library recently as she offered numerous tips for simplifying cooking and menu planning.
During colonial times, she said, if you had a table you were lucky. If you had one cast iron pot, you were well-to-do, and you kept the pot on the stove and added ingredients when you had them.
With no attic or cellar she felt cheated, but the lack of storage space became a blessing when she set to work simplifying and organizing. She identified key pieces of equipment and put them where they are handy, while stowing away, or getting rid of, items used less often.
"Do you need all this?" she said, showing a slide of dozens of pots and pans stuffed into a cupboard.
For those who think they are too busy to organize, "do it in baby steps," she said.
What most impressed the audience was the picture of a drawer full of neatly arranged plastic food storage bowls and lids.
"Aren't you jealous?" she teased. "Imagine how rested and relaxed I am" when it's time to clean up.
Barbour provided lists of essential food preparation equipment, with a good quality 8-inch chef's knife at the top of the list, as well as baking equipment and tips on organizing a kitchen for maximum efficiency.
Throw away or give away everything that doesn't fit into a healthy menu plan, she advised, and make sure labels face forward, put date labels on frozen foods, and go through the freezer monthly.
To simplify menu planning, make a list of favorite easy recipes and take the list of ingredients to the grocery store. Practice creative leftover use: a chicken breast cooked on Monday is easily made into burritos on Wednesday and pasta sauce on Friday.
No chicken? Slice a hard-boiled egg into pasta sauce for protein.
Using portable gas burners, Barbour made two dishes from her new cookbook: a veggie rice bowl with curry miso dressing and minted spring peas and radishes. She explained the techniques step by step, and the audience stood in line for samples when she was finished and took home copies of two recipes from her book, "Beautifully Delicious," which was inspired by her edible flower garden in Hollis.
Barbour has given more than a dozen presentations at the Amherst library, and she drew a large crowd.
She has also appeared on WMUR's "Cook's Corner" and in New Hampshire Magazine. During the June 29 presentation she was filmed for New Hampshire Chronicle, with the broadcast scheduled to air around the end of July.
The evening event was the second of the library's summer reading program for adults. The next one is on Wednesday July 19, at 7 p.m. Steve Hale will talk about red-line hiking in the White Mountains. Red-lining is hiking every mile of trail on the map (denoted often in red lines) of some large area, in this case the White Mountains of New Hampshire and Maine.


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Shubneet Grewal, MD
1 Burdick Expy W
Contact Trinity Health icon-arrow-white-right Created with Sketch.
A member of our hospitalist team, Dr. Grewal received her medical doctorate from Windsor University School of Medicine, St. Kitts, West Indies. She completed her Family Medicine residency at the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northwest Campus, in Minot, where she was elected chief resident by her peers for her last year of residency. A member of the American Academy of Family Physicians, the North Dakota Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Medical Association, her interests include cooking, dancing, hiking, traveling, volleyball and basketball.
A physician with a primary professional focus on hospital medicine is a hospitalist. Hospitalist activities may include patient care, teaching, research, and leadership related to hospital care.
American Board of Family Medicine
Windsor University School of Medicine, St. Kitts, West Indies
UND Center for Family Medicine, Minot
American Academy of Family Physicians, North Dakota Academy of Family Physicians, and American Medical Association
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Cephalexin is a member of the first generation cephalosporins drug class and is commonly used for Acne, Bacterial Endocarditis Prevention, Bacterial Infection, and others.
Brand names for cephalexin include Keflex.
This cephalexin price guide is based on using the Drugs.com discount card which is accepted at most U.S. pharmacies. The cost for cephalexin oral capsule 250 mg is around $10 for a supply of 4 capsules, depending on the pharmacy you visit. Prices are for cash paying customers only and are not valid with insurance plans.
Cephalexin offers may be in the form of a printable coupon, rebate, savings card, trial offer, or free samples. Some offers may be printed right from a website, others require registration, completing a questionnaire, or obtaining a sample from the doctor's office.


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Hey NFL: I just fixed your anthem problem
May 29, 2018 / Jaz
There's an easy solution to this patriotism paradox that can be implemented tomorrow
In a sport filled with blown-out knees and blown up egos, concussion and controversy, the National Football League last year found itself blitzed by new foes—able-bodied players who refused to stand tall during the playing of the National Anthem. It's impossible to gauge exactly how much of the drop in league attendance and TV ratings (about 10%) was the result of this, but the impact was not insignificant. Many fans just want their heroes to shut up and play.
The owners need more than that. So the league passed a rule that all players must either stand proud…or remain in the locker room during the anthem. (As if there won't be seething fans watching to see who comes out late.) But what happens next when a player stands…but faces away from the flag? Or raises a defiant fist? This is only going to get worse.
Before moving on, let's lay out the relevant facts: 1) white cops have frequently killed black citizens for no apparent reason; 2) many players chose to take a knee to protest this; and, 3) many fans (urged by right wing propaganda) claimed these players were instead deliberately defaming our flag/our troops/our nation, etc.
To be clear, let me say that I fully support those players and their original intent. Long live freedom of speech. And the right to freedom—and life.
But my feelings don't fix the NFL's problem. So, let me just do that now:
STOP PLAYING THE DAMN ANTHEM!
See how easy that was?
But, wait—wouldn't that be sacrilegious…or immoral…or somehow even criminal?!
Actually, no.
Think about it for a minute. You go to a sporting event, and you're conditioned to expect the National Anthem to precede it, right? But how come? You don't hear it before a movie or a play…or a wedding or a funeral—you don't even hear it before a symphony or a rock concert, when there are musicians sitting right there, ready to play!
In September of 1918, the Chicago Cubs hosted the Boston Red Sox in a World Series game. But things were more than a little off. The immortal Yankee slugger Babe Ruth was still playing for Boston then…and he was pitching that day (masterfully, as it turned out, throwing a 1-0 shutout). Also, the game itself wasn't played in the Cub's iconic lair, Wrigley Field (which was deemed too dinky), but instead in the larger and more majestic home of the crosstown rival White Sox. But more importantly, the crowd was spooked. The papers that morning headlined the latest group of Chicagoans killed in World War I….and the previous day, some type of terrorist had tossed a bomb into the local Federal Building, killing four and wounding many more. Could a ballpark be the next target? Only 20,000 fans dared to show up and find out.
At the same time, it so happened that the band of the Naval Training Station north of Chicago was led by a guy named John Philip Souza (of renowned marching band fame). And Souza had just finished a new arrangement of what was known then as the anthem of the Army and Navy. But no one was hearing it-- outside his parade ground. So he decided, in effect, to put out a beta version--and a World Series audience seemed like a promising test group. Indeed, it was. When the band started to play during the seventh inning stretch…it expelled all tension from the crowd. By the time it was finished, fans were singing together in pride and defiance, and a tradition was born. (But in fact it didn't immediately take hold everywhere. Not until the 1940's, during WWII, did some teams begin to play it every day. And ironically, the Cubs—the team that inaugurated the idea—did not begin playing the anthem daily until 1967, during the Vietnam War.)
ver since Francis Scott Key composed the lyrics during a naval battle in 1814, the anthem has been associated with freedom and patriotism. But patriotism embodies several aspects beyond the militaristic (cultural, political, historical, etc.).
Which means it inevitably allows an interpretation different from the one that, maybe, you hold. Thus, it's observation can and should be open to individual expression, as well. (I still can't figure out why men were required to remove their hats, but women were not.)
More to the point, a ceremony inaugurated a century ago because it acted to bring Americans together is now doing exactly the opposite. It's separating owners from players, players from fans, and fans from each other. We don't need this. In a nation already drunk on division, we don't need the National Anthem as one more for the road.
There's a convenient way out for the league (and those poor, embattled NFL owners). Save the anthem for Memorial Day and the Fourth of July—both safely outside football season—and let's just get on with the game.
May 29, 2018 / Jaz/
Homeless in Seattle


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Czechia - Economic Indicators
Emerging Markets View: Looking Ahead, Looking Better
Across the emerging world, inflation has begun to ebb. Stronger growth in the U.S., Europe and China brightens prospects. But this year will still be difficult, especially in Latin America, where recent unrest is weighing on investment. Emerging markets aren't looking quite as gloomy as they did at the end of last year. With inflation in the U.S. and Europe slowly but surely receding and the Federal Reserve near the end of its tightening cycle,...
Continue reading on Economy.com View Factbook for Czechia
Real Private Consumption 2022 Q3 581,020 600,070 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Private Consumption 2022 Q3 801,467 795,627 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Nominal Gross Domestic Product 2022 Q3 1,739,276 1,677,270 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Investment 2022 Q3 574,150 550,694 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Gross Domestic Product 2022 Q3 1,329,945 1,333,255 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Investment 2022 Q3 432,805 434,366 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Nominal Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) 2022 Q3 463,495 468,457 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Government Consumption 2022 Q3 339,408 334,958 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) 2022 Q3 363,717 364,978 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Government Consumption 2022 Q3 254,656 258,074 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Consumer Price Index (CPI) Dec 2022 138.1 138.1 Index 2015=100, NSA Monthly
Unemployment Rate 2022 Q4 2.12 2.16 %, SA Quarterly
Labor Force 2022 Q4 5,322 5,291 Ths., SA Quarterly
Labor Force Employment 2022 Q4 5,209 5,176 Ths., SA Quarterly
Unemployment 2022 Q4 112.99 114.53 Ths., SA Quarterly
Total Employment 2022 Q3 5,187 5,160 Thousands, NSA Quarterly
Primary Industries Employment 2022 Q3 131.44 131.39 Ths., NSA Quarterly
Wage & Salaries 2022 Q3 39,858 40,082 CZK, NSA Quarterly
Real Wages & Salaries 2022 Q3 90.2 90.2 Vol. Index CPPY=100, NSA Quarterly
Agriculture Employment 2021 132.94 136.61 Ths. Annual
Current Account Balance 2022 Q3 -210,709 -74,086 Mil. CZK, NSA Quarterly
Exports of Goods and Services 2022 Q3 1,326,091 1,253,281 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Imports of Goods and Services 2022 Q3 1,120,143 1,091,168 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Imports of Goods and Services 2022 Q3 1,316,323 1,271,679 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Exports of Goods and Services 2022 Q3 1,161,783 1,109,691 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Balance of Goods Dec 2020 39,298 67,503 Millions of Czech Korunas, NSA Monthly
Exports of Goods Dec 2020 381,719 455,949 Millions of Czech Korunas, NSA Monthly
Imports of Goods Dec 2020 342,421 388,446 Millions of Czech Korunas, NSA Monthly
Gross External Debt 2022 Q3 0 0 USD, NSA Quarterly
Government Expenditures 2021 2,620,523 2,452,800 Mil. CZK Annual
Outstanding Public Debt - Domestic 2021 1,742,826 1,357,042 Mil. CZK Annual
Outstanding Public Debt - Foreign 2021 804,133 772,855 Mil. CZK Annual
Government Revenues 2021 2,243,662 2,118,193 Mil. CZK Annual
Lending Rate 08 Feb 2023 7 7 Percent, NSA Daily
Average Long-term Government Bond Jan 2023 4.47 4.71 % p.a., NSA Monthly
Treasury Bills (over 31 days) Nov 2018 0.5 0.5 % p.a., NSA Monthly
Building Completions 2022 Q4 12,550 9,512 #, NSA Quarterly
Residential Housing Starts 2022 Q4 9,572 9,261 #, NSA Quarterly
Housing Starts 2022 Q4 9,572 9,261 #, NSA Quarterly
Residential Building Completions 2022 Q4 6,053 4,384 #, NSA Quarterly
Non-residential Building Permits Dec 2022 1,435 1,401 #, NSA Monthly
Non-residential Building Completions 2022 Q4 205 206 #, NSA Quarterly
Residential Building Permits Dec 2022 2,261 2,425 #, NSA Monthly
Non-residential Housing Starts 2022 Q4 593 512 #, NSA Quarterly
Building Permits Dec 2022 6,700 6,975 #, NSA Monthly
House Price Index for New Homes 2022 Q3 225.3 225 Index 2015=100, NSA Quarterly
House Price Index for Existing Homes 2022 Q3 220.9 217.4 Index 2015=100, NSA Quarterly
House Price Index 2019 Q4 146.2 144.1 Index 2010=100, NSA Quarterly
Consumer Confidence Jan 2023 -25.3 -32 Balance of Opinion, NSA Monthly
Retail Sales Dec 2022 163.34 161.25 Index 2015=100, NSA Monthly
Real Retail Sales Dec 2022 125.6 123.25 Vol. Index 2015=100, NSA Monthly
Business Confidence Jan 2023 5.3 3.9 Balance of Opinion, NSA Monthly
Industrial Production Dec 2022 110.54 126.62 Index 2015=100, NSA Monthly
Change in Inventories 2022 Q3 107,888 79,440 Mil. CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Real Change in Inventories 2022 Q3 66,562 66,792 Mil. Ch. 2015 CZK, CDASA Quarterly
Net Migration Sep 2022 -492 1,761 #, NSA Monthly
Deaths 2021 139,891 129,289 # Annual
Population 2021 10,499,812 10,700,155 Number Annual
At the close of World War I, the Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, having rejected a federal system, the new country's predominantly Czech leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the increasingly strident demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Slovaks, the Sudeten Germans, and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). On the eve of World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the territory that today comprises Czechia, and Slovakia became an independent state allied with Germany. After the war, a reunited but truncated Czechoslovakia (less Ruthenia) fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize communist rule and create "socialism with a human face," ushering in a period of repression known as "normalization." The peaceful "Velvet Revolution" swept the Communist Party from power at the end of 1989 and inaugurated a return to democratic rule and a market economy. On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a nonviolent "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. The country added the short-form name Czechia in 2016, while continuing to use the full form name, Czech Republic.
Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria
total: 78,867 sq km
land: 77,247 sq km
water: 1,620 sq km
about two-thirds the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than South Carolina
border countries (4): Austria 402 km, Germany 704 km, Poland 796 km, Slovakia 241 km
0 km (landlocked)
none (landlocked)
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country
elevation extremes: lowest point: Labe (Elbe) River 115 m
highest point: Snezka 1,602 m
hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber, arable land
agricultural land: 54.8%
arable land 41%; permanent crops 1%; permanent pasture 12.8%
320 sq km (2012)
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, but the northern and eastern regions tend to have larger urban concentrations
air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; land pollution caused by industry, mining, and agriculture
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe
10,674,723 (July 2017 est.)
noun: Czech(s)
adjective: Czech
Czech 64.3%, Moravian 5%, Slovak 1.4%, other 1.8%, unspecified 27.5% (2011 est.)
Czech (official) 95.4%, Slovak 1.6%, other 3% (2011 census)
Roman Catholic 10.4%, Protestant (includes Czech Brethren and Hussite) 1.1%, other and unspecified 54%, none 34.5% (2011 est.)
15-24 years: 9.59% (male 527,232/female 496,530)
Europe ::CZECHIA
9.3 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)
10.5 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)
urban population: 73% of total population (2017)
rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
PRAGUE (capital) 1.314 million (2015)
65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
note: percent of women aged 18-44 (2008)
<.1% (2016 est.)
3,400 (2016 est.)
4% of GDP (2014)
Literacy:
definition: NA
male: 99%
female: 99% (2011 est.)
conventional long form: Czech Republic
conventional short form: Czechia
local long form: Ceska republika
local short form: Cesko
etymology: name derives from the Czechs, a West Slavic tribe who rose to prominence in the late 9th century A.D.
parliamentary republic
name: Prague
13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavni mesto); Jihocesky (South Bohemia), Jihomoravsky (South Moravia), Karlovarsky (Karlovy Vary), Kralovehradecky (Hradec Kralove), Liberecky (Liberec), Moravskoslezsky (Moravia-Silesia), Olomoucky (Olomouc), Pardubicky (Pardubice), Plzensky (Pilsen), Praha (Prague)*, Stredocesky (Central Bohemia), Ustecky (Usti), Vysocina (Highlands), Zlinsky (Zlin)
1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia); note - although 1 January is the day the Czech Republic came into being, the Czechs commemorate 28 October 1918, the day the former Czechoslovakia declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as their independence day
Czechoslovak Founding Day, 28 October (1918)
history: previous 1960; latest ratified 16 December 1992, effective 1 January 1993
amendments: passage requires at least three-fifths concurrence by members present in both houses of Parliament; amended several times, last in 2013 (2017)
new civil code enacted in 2014, replacing civil code of 1964 - based on former Austro-Hungarian civil codes and socialist theory - and reintroducing former Czech legal terminology
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Czechia
dual citizenship recognized: no
chief of state: President Milos ZEMAN (since 8 March 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister Andrej BABIS (since 13 December 2017); First Deputy Prime Minister Richard BRABEC (since 13 December 2017); Second Deputy Prime Minister Martin STROPNICKY (since 13 December 2017); note - the current government of Prime Minister Andrej BABIS was sworn in on 13 December 2017 but lost a confidence vote on 16 January 2018 and resigned the next day; President Milos ZEMAN accepted the resignation on 24 January 2018; the government is currently ruling in resignation
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms); elections last held on 12-13 January 2018 with a runoff on 26-27 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2023); prime minister appointed by the president for a 4-year term
election results: Milos ZEMAN reelected president in the second round; percent of vote - Milos ZEMAN (SPO) 51.4%, Jiri DRAHOS (independent) 48.6%
description: bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (81 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 6-year terms with one-third of the membership renewed every 2 years) and the Chamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna (200 seats; members directly elected in 14 multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote with a 5% threshold required to fill a seat; members serve 4-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held in 2 rounds on 7-8 and 14-15 October 2016 (next to be held in October 2018); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 20-21 October 2017 (next to be held by October 2021)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; CSSD 25, KDU-CSL 14, ODS 9, ANO 7, STAN 5, SZ 4, TOP 09 2, SLK 2, SZ 2, SPO 1, Movement for Prague 1, S.cz. 1, KSCM 1, other 5, independent 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - ANO 29.6%, ODS 11.3%, Pirates 10.8%, SPD 10.6%, KSCM 7.8%, CSSD 7.3%, KDU-CSL 5.8%, TOP 09 5.3%, STAN 5.2%, other 6.3%; seats by party - ANO 78, ODS 25, Pirates 22, SPD 22, KSCM 15, CSSD 15, KDU-CSL 10, TOP 09 7, STAN 6
note: Senate seats by party as of 20 May 2017 - CSSD 25, KDU-CSL 16, STAN and TOP 09 11, ODS 10, ANO 7, SPO 2, SZ 2, S.cz. 1, KSCM 1, Movement for Prague 1, independent 5
highest court(s): Supreme Court (organized into Civil Law and Commercial Division, and Criminal Division each with a court chief justice, vice justice, and several judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 15 justices); Supreme Administrative Court (consists of 28 judges)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges proposed by the Chamber of Deputies and appointed by the president; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate; judges appointed for 10-year, renewable terms; Supreme Administrative Court judges selected by the president of the Court; unlimited terms
subordinate courts: High Court; regional and district courts
Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Pavel BELOBRADEK]
Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA]
Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Vojtech FILIP]
Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Jan HAMACEK]
Dawn - National Coalition or Usvit-NK [Miroslav LIDINSKY]
Free Citizens Party or Svobodni [Petr MACH]
Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD [Tomio OKAMURA]
Green Party or SZ [Petr STEPANEK]
Mayors and Independents or STAN [Petr GAZDIK]
Movement for Prague
Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO [Andrej BABIS]
Nestranici (Non-Partisans) or NK [Vera RYBOVA]
North Bohemians or S.cz [Bronislav SCHWARZ]
Party of Civic Rights or SPO [Lubomir NECAS]
Pirate Party or Pirates [Ivan BARTOS]
Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Jiri POSPISIL]
Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions or CMKOS [Josef STREDULA]
Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
chief of mission: Ambassador Hynek KMONICEK (since 24 April 2017)
chancery: 3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Stephen B. KING (since 6 December 2017)
embassy: Trziste 15, 118 01 Prague 1 - Mala Strana
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [420] 257 022 000
FAX: [420] 257 022 809
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side
note: combines the white and red colors of Bohemia with blue from the arms of Moravia; is identical to the flag of the former Czechoslovakia
silver (or white), double-tailed, rampant lion; national colors: white, red, blue
name: "Kde domov muj?" (Where is My Home?)
lyrics/music: Josef Kajetan TYL/Frantisek Jan SKROUP
note: adopted 1993; the anthem was originally written as incidental music to the play "Fidlovacka" (1834), it soon became very popular as an unofficial anthem of the Czech nation; its first verse served as the official Czechoslovak anthem beginning in 1918, while the second verse (Slovak) was dropped after the split of Czechoslovakia in 1993
Czechia is a prosperous market economy that boasts one of the highest GDP growth rates and lowest unemployment levels in the EU, but its dependence on exports makes economic growth vulnerable to contractions in external demand. Czechia's exports comprise some 80% of GDP and largely consist of automobiles, the country's single largest industry. Czechia acceded to the EU in 2004 but has yet to join the euro-zone. While the flexible koruna helps Czechia weather external shocks, it was one of the world's strongest performing currencies in 2017, appreciating approximately 16% relative to the US dollar after the central bank (Czech National Bank - CNB) in early April ended its cap on the currency's value, which it had maintained since November 2013. The CNB hiked rates in August and November 2017 - the first rate changes in nine years - to address rising inflationary pressures brought by strong economic growth and a tight labor market.
After slowly recovering from a steep recession in 2009, the Czech economy again fell into recession in 2012 and 2013 because of a slump in demand within the EU and government austerity measures. Inflows of EU development funds underpinned a rebound in 2014-15, with GDP growth reaching 4.5% in 2015, followed by a slowdown in 2016 largely due to a cyclical lag in EU funding in connection with a new EU budget cycle. The Czech economy was one of the EU's best performers in 2017, with broad-based growth of nearly 4.5% and an unemployment rate of 2.8%, one of the lowest rates in the EU.
Since coming to power in 2014, the new government has undertaken some reforms to try to reduce corruption, attract investment, and improve social welfare programs, which could help increase the government's revenues and improve living conditions for Czechs. The government introduced in December 2016 an online tax reporting system intended to reduce tax evasion and increase revenues. The government also plans to remove labor market rigidities to improve the business climate, bring procurement procedures in line with EU best practices, and boost wages. The country's low unemployment rate has led to steady increases in salaries, and the government is facing pressure from businesses to allow greater migration of qualified workers, at least from Ukraine and neighboring Central European countries.
Long-term challenges include dealing with a rapidly aging population, a shortage of skilled workers, a lagging education system, funding an unsustainable pension and health care system, and diversifying away from manufacturing and toward a more high-tech, services-based, knowledge economy.
wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry
motor vehicles, metallurgy, machinery and equipment, glass, armaments
highest 10%: 21.7% (2015 est.)
revenues: $83.62 billion
expenditures: $83.93 billion (2017 est.)
-0.1% of GDP (2017 est.)
note: this is the two-week repo, the main rate CNB uses
3.9% (31 December 2017 est.)
$190 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$44.5 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$1.192 billion (2017 est.)
machinery and transport equipment, raw materials, fuel, chemicals
Germany 32.4%, Slovakia 8.4%, Poland 5.8%, UK 5.2%, France 5.2%, Italy 4.3%, Austria 4.2% (2016)
machinery and transport equipment, raw materials and fuels, chemicals
Germany 30.6%, Poland 9.6%, China 7.5%, Slovakia 6.3%, Netherlands 5.3%, Italy 4.1% (2016)
koruny (CZK) per US dollar -
23.34 (2017 est.)
2,333 bbl/day (2016 est.)
518.7 bbl/day (2016 est.)
15 million bbl (1 January 2017 est.)
49,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
11.51 billion cu m (2015 est.)
1 million cu m (2014 est.)
7.474 billion cu m (2015 est.)
3.964 billion cu m (1 January 2017 est.)
103 million Mt (2015 est.)
general assessment: good telephone and Internet service; there are three major mobile phone providers, though the government is facing criticism for failing to promote sufficient competition, with critics complaining that Czech mobile phone and data prices are among the highest in the EU
domestic: access to the fixed-line telephone network expanded throughout the 1990s, but the number of fixed-line connections has been dropping since then; mobile telephone usage increased sharply beginning in the mid-1990s, and the number of cellular telephone subscriptions now greatly exceeds the population
international: country code - 420; satellite earth stations - 6 (2 Intersputnik - Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions, 1 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat, 1 Globalstar) (2017)
22 TV stations operate nationally, with 17 of them in private hands; publicly operated Czech Television has 5 national channels; throughout the country, there are some 350 TV channels in operation, many through cable, satellite, and IPTV subscription services; 63 radio broadcasters are registered, operating over 80 radio stations, including 7 multiregional radio stations or networks; publicly operated broadcaster Czech Radio operates 4 national, 14 regional, and 4 Internet stations; both Czech Radio and Czech Television are partially financed through a license fee (2018)
inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 48
annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 4,971,616
annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 26,619,650 mt-km (2015)
OK (2016)
2,438 to 3,047 m: 9
gas 7,160 km; oil 536 km; refined products 94 km (2013)
total: 9,621.5 km
standard gauge: 9,519.5 km 1.435-m gauge (3,240.5 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 102 km 0.760-m gauge (2014)
total: 130,661 km (includes urban roads)
paved: 130,661 km (includes 730 km of expressways) (2011)
664 km (principally on Elbe, Vltava, Oder, and other navigable rivers, lakes, and canals) (2010)
river port(s): Prague (Vltava); Decin, Usti nad Labem (Elbe)
Army of the Czech Republic (Armada Ceske Republiky): General Staff (Generalni Stab, includes Land Forces (Pozemni sily) and Air Forces (Vzdusne sily)) (2018)
18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)
stateless persons: 1,502 (2016)
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and minor transit point for Latin American cocaine to Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for local and regional markets; susceptible to money laundering related to drug trafficking, organized crime; significant consumer of ecstasy
Economic Indicators for Czechia including actual values, historical data, and latest data updates for the Czechia economy.
Emerging Market View: Surprise Me Not
Emerging Market View: Gloom, Not Doom