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Argentina . El calafate
Passports: anyone entering Argentina should have a passport valid for at least six months from date of entry, and ideally past the date the passport holder leaves the country.
Visas: nationals of Canada, most Western European countries, Australia and New Zealand do not need a visa to visit Argentina. Upon arrival, most visitors get a 90-day stamp in their passport. Canadians must pay a 'reciprocity fee' before arriving. Ideally it will be reminded when buying the airplane ticket: this fee is equal to what Argentines are charged for visas to visit those countries. The fee is paid online and with a credit card.
Customs Regulations: electronic items (laptops, cameras and mobile phones) can be brought into the country duty free, provided they are not intended for resale. If you have a lot of equipment, it is recommended to take an item list with the serial numbers and preferably the purchase receipts.
Electricity: Argentina's electric current operates on 220V; 50Hz; plugs are C/I type. Adapters are readily available from almost any ferretería (hardware store). Most electronic equipment (such as cameras, telephones and computers) are dual/multi-voltage, but some equipment may require a voltage converter or you might short out your device.
Internet Access: Wi-Fi is available at most hotels, cafes, restaurants and airports, and it's generally good and free. In remote spots like El Chaltén and other parts of Patagonia Wi-Fi service may be usually poor.
Mobile Phones: it's best to bring your own unlocked tri- or quad-band GSM cell phone to Argentina, then buy an inexpensive SIM chip (you'll get a local number) and credits (or carga virtual) as needed. All SIM Cards now must be registered to users before they can be activated. In theory, a foreigner can activate a SIM card with identification. Both SIM chips and credits can be bought at many kiosks or "locutorios".
Money: ATMs are widely available and credit cards are accepted in most hotels and restaurants. ATMs can also be used for cash advances on major credit cards (not all foreign cards work in ATMs). They're the best way to get money, and nearly all have instructions in English. Limits on withdrawal can be very low, though the withdrawal fee can be relatively high. Banelco ATMs tend to allow larger withdrawals. In some spots in Patagonia (El Calafate and El Chaltén, e.g.) and most touristic destinations they quickly run out of cash in high season.
Cash: the Argentine unit of currency is the peso (AR$). Notes come in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 pesos. One peso equals 100 "centavos"; coins come in denominations of 25 and 50 centavos, as well as 1, 2, 5 and 10 pesos. Currently, US dollars are accepted by many companies dedicated to tourism, but it is always recommended to carry some pesos.
Credit Cards: many (but not all!) tourist services, larger stores, hotels and restaurants – especially in the bigger cities – take credit cards. The most widely accepted are Visa and MasterCard, though American Express and a few others are valid in some establishments. Important: many places will give a small discount if you pay in cash rather than use a credit card.
Money Changers: US dollars are by far the preferred foreign currency, although Chilean and Uruguayan pesos can be readily exchanged at the borders. Cash dollars and Euros can be changed at banks and "casas de cambios" (exchange houses) in larger cities, but other currencies can be difficult to change outside Buenos Aires. Passport is needed to change money; we strongly suggest avoiding any sort of street-tout money changer.
Tipping: restaurants and cafes: it's customary to tip about 10% of the bill. Spa: 15% of the bill. Hotel staff, delivery people, hotel and bus porters and taxi drivers: give a few bills.
Banks 10 am to 3 pm Monday to Friday.
Bars 7 pm / 9 pm to 4 am / 6 am nightly.
Cafes 6 am to midnight or much later; open daily.
Clubs 1 am / 2 am to 6 am / 8 am Friday and Saturday.
Office business hours 9 am to 6 pm.
Restaurants Noon to 3:30 pm and 8 pm to midnight or 1am (later on weekends).
Shops 9 am / 10 am to 8 pm / 9 pm Monday to Saturday.
Mention Argentina, and people think about solitary gauchos or maybe tango dancers. It is country blessed with abundant natural resources and a highly educated population. The country boasts a wide variety of cultural attractions, but for many travelers, its natural wonders are the primary draw. From the northern deserts down to the southern Andean Cordillera, from the Iguazú Falls to the magnificent desolation of Patagonia, Argentina's geography is varied and stunning. For cosmopolitan types, there's the elegant capital, Buenos Aires. This fabulous city is renowned for its sophistication, although travelers expecting a more 'South American' experience are sometimes disappointed with its European touch.
It's a large country - the eighth largest in the world, and the second largest on the South American continent. It borders Chile to the west (separated by the Andean Cordilleras range) and Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil and Bolivia to the north and east (separated by rivers). It also shares the offshore island territory of Tierra del Fuego with Chile, and continues claiming the possession of the Malvinas Islands (Falkland Islands) and the Antarctic territory, where Argentina has installed several scientific bases, including the most famous: Marambio.
Argentina's topography is affected by both latitude and altitude, and is accordingly varied. The country can be divided into four major physiographic provinces: the Andes to the west (with arid basins, grape-filled foothills, glacial mountains and the Lake District), the fertile lowland north (with subtropical rainforests), the central Pampas (a flat mixture of humid and dry expanses) and Patagonia (a combination of pastoral steppes and glacial regions).
Population: 46 million (2022 CENSUS)
Capital city: Buenos Aires
People: 85% European descent, 15% mestizo, native and other minorities
Language: American Spanish, plus 17 native languages
Religion: 93% Roman Catholic, 2.5% protestant, 2% Jewish, 1.5% Ukrainian catholic, 1% Armenian orthodox
ALL GLACIERS
This excursion allows us to get to know the northern part of Lake Argentino fed by different Glaciers and with incomparable landscapes. We will take Provincial Route 11 and after traveling 45 km we will arrive at Puerto Bandera, where we will embark on a modern Catamaran. The navigation begins by entering the North Arm of the Lake, crossing the Devil's Mouth, a narrow natural access. Continuing the navigation through the Spegazzini Arm we will begin to observe the Heim Sur, Peineta, Seco glaciers and finally arrive at the Spegazzini Glacier. We will disembark at the base and begin the visit to the area, walking through the forest path to the Refuge. This 300-meter trail is easily accessible; as we go through it, we stop at stations and viewpoints with views of the entire Glacier Bay. In the Refuge, we can have lunch (Optional) while enjoying the landscape. For those who like to walk they can take the "mountain path" (1,200 meters), a route of medium difficulty through a wooded path and with natural viewpoints full of incredible views. Then we embark again to return to the port from which we initially set sail, and from there we take the transfer back to El Calafate. The Catamaran has a VIP sector (Captain's Club) – at an additional cost. It has a preferential location next to the Captain's cabin and includes a 3-course menu and free drinks (hot and cold), which is served in a special room in the Base Restaurant.
BIG ICE
This incredible experience, begins in the Port "Under the shade" at 9 AM. There the boat "Tehuelche" crosses the Arm Rico, and 10 minutes later disembark in the west coast. The mountain guides will still take then nearer the glacier to put the "crampons" and initiate the approaching. The footpath passes by the South "Morena" of the Perito Moreno Glacier, and in little more than one hour they will find an amazing viewpoint, by where they will get to the ice. Once in the glacier and with "crampones" on, the world takes a new perspective: blue lagoons, deep cracks, enormous drains, magicians caves, and the unique sensation to feel in the middle of the glacier. Always accompanied and instructed by expert guides, who next to you will explore, during three hours, the corners of the most special glacier of the world. During the route the guides will help you get to know the ice and its surroundings better. You will have half an hour to have your box lunches (NOT INCLUDED) on the white tablecloth and being surprised in a place of unequalled beauty. Once in the "Morena", you will walk for another hour approximately in order to take the boat to return to the "civilization" at 3 PM., after having enjoyed one of the most spectacular treks on ice of the world. Recommendations: Age: Due to the physical requirement and difficulty of the land, this excursion is only able for people between 18 and 50 years of and that has an acceptable physical state, considering that you will walk for about 7 hours on ice and "pedreros". (*) Clothings: Sunglasses, solar cream, comfortable and warm clothes, cap for sun, raincoat, glove, trekking boots, backpack of 40 lts approximately. Lunch: Passengers must bring their lunch boxes from Calafate. To smoke: It is forbidden to smoke during the course of all the excursion; either in the boat, the forest, the ice or in the refuge. Physical state: The passengers must know that they will walk slowly for about six hours approximately, by lands so varied and irregular as ice, forest and "pedreros". It is light, but relatively more complicated for old people, with problems of vertigo or bad physical state (For example: overweight) (*) Restrictions: due to the effort and difficulty involved on this tour it is only suitable for people between 18 and 50 years in good physical condition, considering about 7 hours walking on ice and forest. Overweight people can not take this tour. Kindly note that overweight people are considered those that exceed this criteria: weight in kg. greater than twice the height in cm. minus 100 (e.g. 1.70 m height: 170 minus 100 = 70 x 2 = 140); pregnant; people with any degree or type of physical or mental disability that affects their attention or coordination; persons suffering central or peripheral cardiovascular diseases using stents, pacemakers and other prostheses; (e.g. medicated with anticoagulants, varices grade III -thick and multiples-, cardiac arrhythmias), people suffering respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma, emphysema, etc). Because of its responsibility and under current regulations, H&A (Hielo & Aventura) reserves the right of admission, exercised under the previous guidelines, when they result apparent.
BLUE SAFARI
The Blue Safari is designed for those who, in addition to sailing in front of the Perito Moreno Glacier, dream of touching it and enjoying it up close. In this new excursion we will get to touch the glacier with our hands! The tour begins in El Calafate when the bus leaves for Los Glaciares National Park. Once in Puerto Bajo de las Sombras, just 7 km from the footbridges, we will take a boat to cross Lago Rico and, after sailing 20 minutes, we will disembark on the opposite coast. We will walk for 30 minutes always with a view of the southern wall of the Glacier, in case we are surprised by some thunderous landslide and once next to the ice it will be time for an unforgettable experience... touching the Perito Moreno Glacier itself! There we will fully enjoy its intense and varied blues, whites and its capricious shapes. We will have time to take many photos and then we will return to the embarkation point always accompanied by an experienced guide. The total walk is approximately 1.30 hours through a natural terrain of sand and stones with some slopes and stairs. The route, one and a half kilometers long, will be along the shore of the lake and through a lush forest with a view of the Glacier. Finally, we will take the boat to appreciate from the water, and a few meters away, the entire southern face of the glacier and be able to see every detail of the marbled icy wall. Once in the port, we will take the bus to the footbridges, where we will have 2 hours to enjoy the incredible panoramic view. In addition, we will be able to take advantage of this time and have a box-lunch (not included).
CERRO FRIAS 4X4 (WITH DINNER)
Just 23 km from El Calafate, on the way to the Perito Moreno Glacier on RP 11 and within the limits of Estancia Alice, is Cerro Frías. In a land of pristine glaciers and blue lakes, a team of professionals welcomes visitors. In the foothills of Cerro Frías there is a Parador de Montaña where dinner is offered with an incredible view of the valley. •4X4: it is an ascent that begins on the eastern slope, overlooking the main part of Lake Argentino until reaching 1030 meters. From the top, the view reaches the Macizo Paine and Cerro Fitz Roy. •HORSE RIDING: suitable for beginners, reveals the beauty and calm of the surroundings. The height allows images of Lake Argentino, El Calafate and Torres del Paine. •TREKKING: the trails are adapted to the needs and aptitudes of different people, reaching panoramic points that allow views of the Centinela Valley, Lake Argentino, Brazo Rico of Lake Argentino and Torres del Paine.
EL CALAFATE / EL CHALTEN WITH LAGO DEL DESIERTO (GROUND SVC)
Departure from El Calafate by the route that goes to the airport to take National Route 40, a typical Patagonian steppe road where we will have the opportunity to cross with choiques (Patagonian ñandú), hares and guanacos. We will cross the bridge of the Santa Cruz River, which is born in the Argentino Lake and runs into the Atlantic Ocean, one of the best worldwide for Steelhead trout fishing. A few kilometers further on we will cross the bridge over La Leona River, continuing along a path that runs along it to the Parador called "La Leona" where we will stop for a few minutes to taste homemade sweet cakes. Returning to Route 40, we then join Provincial Route 23, which leads us exclusively to El Chaltén: as we advance, the complete figure of the Fitz Roy and Torre Hills will be enlarged at the end of the road and -at a distance- the panoramic view of the huge Glacier Viedma can be seen. Departing from El Chaltén, we start a route of about 37 km through the valley of the Rio de las Vueltas, surrounded by a beautiful Andean landscape, with mountains and forests of lengas and ñires, waterfalls and the imposing views of the North face of the Fitz Roy Mount. Three intermediate stops are made to reach the coast of the southern lakeshore of Lago del Desierto. For those who have more energy, it is possible to take a self-guided trek to the Huemul Glacier Lagoon (duration: 1.30 h round trip). This place is located within a private field and therefore a ticket is required (not included).
EL CALAFATE'S BALCONY 4x4
This half-day tour visits in Landrover 4x4 Cerro Wuyiliche, which is located behind the city of El Calafate, being able to appreciate beautiful views of this city, Lake Argentino and The Andes Mountains from its viewpoint at the top from the hill. The tour begins when you are picked up at your hotel in El Calafate in a Landrover 4x4 and then head towards Estancia Huyliche where, after traveling through a footprint in the mountain for approximately 2 hours, you will arrive at El Calafate Balcony at a height of 950 m.a.s.l. From this privileged panoramic point you will appreciate, if it is clear, the beauty of the landscape, the immensity of Lake Argentino, views of the city of El Calafate, the source of the Perito Moreno Glacier and Fitz Roy and Torres Mounts, symbols of El Chalten. As you travel the plateau of Cerro Wuyliche in Landrover, you will see sedimentary rocks from the late Cretaceous, ancient wood chips, shark teeth and fossilized sea oysters. With viewpoints and stops, the tour is ideal for photographing landscapes and spotting condors, eagles and foxes, among other native animals of Patagonia. After visiting the viewpoint, the journey continues on Cerro Wuyliche where you can observe unique rock formations, giant erratic stone blocks and the predominant Patagonian steppe to then arrive at a refuge. There you will enjoy a warm welcome and lunch with a drink included. After the visit to Cerro Wuyliche, its viewpoint and rock formations, you return to El Calafate descending without losing sight of the imposing Lake Argentino.
ESTANCIA 25 DE MAYO (WITH DINNER)
Reception and welcome with "maté", "tortas fritas" and "café carretero". We will enjoy different ranch activities such us: sheep gathering with dogs, shearing demonstration and visit to the former shearing shed. Then we will take a walk along the Calafate creek observing native vegetation. We will be offered with hot wine at the creek lookout with candied lamb tasting. After that we take a tour around the organic greenhouse and first buildings of the ranch; local weaving artisans demonstrate the spinning and weaving process. Then we will enjoy the dinner and show with local artists. Dinner is served at "El Quincho" typical restaurante: welcome drink, pickled eggplants, empanadas, barbecued lamb with rustic potatoes, meat mix with sausage, black pudding and salad buffet. Dessert choice: apple crumble with red fruits and ice cream or pancakes with "dulce de leche".
ESTANCIA CRISTINA CLASSIC
Having set sail from Punta Bandera harbor at 9AM, we will glide over the waters of Lake Argentino's Northern Arm to reach the furthest possible point of navigation in the Upsala Channel, where we can enjoy an incredible panoramic view of the Upsala Glacier's immense front. Then, having disembarked at the shores close to Estancia Cristina, an expert guide will welcome visitors and take them on an exciting trek through the surrounding valley. The hike unfolds along an ecotone area, a beautiful, semi-arid place carpeted in native shrubs and grasses. Next, the walk gradually ascends to an elevated lookout point that bestows sweeping views of the valley beyond, over Lake Argentino and Lake Pearson across to the towering Andes Mountains. From here, continue on a path sloping gently uphill, surrounded by ñire trees, until you reach the highlight of this trek: Los Perros River Waterfall, whose viewpoints not only bestow jaw-dropping vistas, but are also a fantastic spot for observing flowers and plant life especially orchids. Later on, having returned from the trek, we will visit the Costumbrista Museum, housed in the estancia's old shearing shed where guests can learn all about the history of the Masters family: their lives, adventures and how they became pioneers in Patagonia. Finally, a guided tour will take lucky visitors around Estancia Cristina's estate–up to the Caterina River, the waterwheel, chapel and rest of the lodge.
ESTANCIA NIBEPO AIKE (WITH LUNCH)
This program is perfect to experience the Patagonian rural life and complements the tour to the glaciers. Regular departure at 8.30 am; reception with tea, coffee, mate and home-made cakes and pastries and at 10.30 am starting of activities: walk around the historic old estancia (ranch), cow milking and visit to the vegetable plot. At 12.30 noon lunch is served: roast lamb with salads and dessert + a glass of wine or soft drink per person during the meal. Return to El Calafate at 3:30 pm.
EXPERIENCIA DARWIN
In this tour, we will visit the Patagonian steppe in a unique way, sailing in double kayaks along the Santa Cruz River from the famous site Charles Furh, located at the mouth of Lake Argentino, to Estancia El Rincon. We will make part of the journey that Charles Darwin made in the area of El Calafate sailing this river in the middle of the 19th century, which gives a touch of history to the adventure of kayaking in Patagonia. The activity begins when we pick guests up in 4x4 vehicles at the hotel in El Calafate and drive them to the Charles Furh area, located 40 km from the city. Upon arrival, we will get off the kayaks from the 4x4 and get ready to live the experience by performing warm-up exercises while the certified guides provide an explanation on how the activity is carried out. All the necessary equipment is included and provided (Gore Tex dry suits, life vest, boots and gloves). Once ready, the kayak begins along the Santa Cruz River and lasts 80 minutes, traveling 15 km until reaching Estancia El Rincon while we can admire the infinity of the Patagonian steppe in this very little explored area. Upon arrival at the estancia, we will be welcome by another of the guides who will offer lunch with a menu that includes grilled provoleta as starter, creole steaks as main course and chocolate mousse as dessert. Drinks are also included. After lunch, we start our returning back to the city in 4x4 vehicles, first driving on a gravel road in the heart of the steppe and then on the mythical route 40 towards El Calafate. Note: the tour offers the possibility that, if any of the passengers does not want to kayak, he can go as a companion in the vehicle. A guide will always accompany this person and he will meet in the estancia for lunch with the rest of the group.
LA LEONA PETRIFIED FOREST
This full day excursion in the steppe zone aims at all people who enjoy outdoor activities and adventure, ready to discover new places. The tour includes approximately 3 hours walking on discontinuous ground where wind and water were responsible for uncovering this place, which remained hidden for millions of years. Departure from El Calafate by Route 40, where we can see Argentino Lake, Santa Cruz and La Leona Rivers, a panoramic view of the majestic Andes mountains and Fitz Roy Mount. We will stop for about 15 minutes in La Leona hotel (historical site) and continue traveling along the southern shore of Viedma Lake to reach Cerro Los Hornos slopes (Estancia Santa Teresita). We will look for the first time the great depression of the land where the petrified logs are situated and will start our trekking exploration of fossils, which lasts about 3 hours, including the time for lunch. Throughout the walk we will see lots of petrified logs lying on the surface, some with a 1.2 meters diameter, testimony that during ancient times the climate was very different from today and allowed the existence of a full forest. There have also been uncovered fossils of different types of dinosaurs. This land is sheltered from the wind because it is a natural depression in the ground. This steppe area, therefore, is very dry and weather conditions are generally very nice. After the walk, we begin the journey back to El Calafate on the same path with another stop at La Leona hotel.
MARPATAG GLACIERS GOURMET EXPERIENCE
The Patagonian ice field is, after Antarctica, the largest concentration of ice on the planet. Its glaciers descend from 1,500 to 200 metres above sea level enabling unique access and viewing of the glaciers. Los Glaciares National Park offers a magnificent combination of forest, lakes, mountains, ice and steppes with over 200 glaciers. The most renowned being Spegazzini, rising 135 meters above sea level, Upsala covering an entire valley with an approximate extension of 765 Km2 and a length of 53km, and Perito Moreno Glacier, constantly advancing and causing the spectacular rupture of the wall of ice, providing one of Nature's most impressive sights. Glaciares Gourmet is a full day journey to one of the most wonderful places in Southern Patagonia. Sailing aboard exclusive cruises will enjoy the highest standard of comfort and gourmet cuisine, for a truly memorable experience. Morning: Lago Argentino, on a northwest course to Punta Avellaneda and Boca del Diablo. Spegazzini Glacier, landing at Las Vacas Station, in the Spegazzini Canal Bay. Here our guides coordinate a trek with a view of the old Settlers' Station identifying flora and fauna. Visit the Upsala Canal and navigate to Herminita Peninsula -limit of the navigation zone allowed by National Parks– panoramic view of the Glacier. Lunch during navigation. Afternoon: navigation to Canal de los Tempanos, visit to Perito Moreno glacier. Return to La Soledad private port. MARIA TURQUESA Cruise offers space specially designed for children.
MORENO SPIRIT NAVIGATION
The program offers to navigate De Los Tempanos Canal of the Argentino Lake to admire Perito Moreno Glacier's Northern Front. Departing from Moreno Port, located at the catwalks' end, the boat trip lasts an hour. A few seconds after starting the tour, you can see the North Front of the Glacier from a totally different perspective from that offered by the footbridges: when approaching it the boat will navigate the entire front, always within the permitted limits that guarantee safety of the passengers. The aim is to admire the landscape and to enjoy both the silence and roar that announces the Glacier's pieces fall, witnessing a natural phenomenon that leaves an unforgettable memory.
NATIVO EXPERIENCE
The Argentino Lake is the third biggest lake in South America. Surrounded by mountains and fed by giant glaciers, this lake astonishes with its immensity and special color. It was exactly that light blue color, the mountains covered in white and the light blue sky what motivated Francisco P. Moreno to name it "Argentino". "Nativo Experience – Lakes and caves" is a 4x4 activity through the Argentino Lake's shore, with an anthropological approach that tours man's presence along the years in this region. The aim is to rediscover the first expeditions of the brave ones who dare to go into the unknown and how their first interaction with the natives was. Thus, among cliffs and views to the Andes Mountain Range, one personally feels the Tehuelche world along 20km. Stopping for taking pictures will help to go even deeper in typical flora and fauna details, as well as trying to understand the legacy left by those natives through their cave paintings. Imagination will be set free among chenques and awnings, immersed in thousands of years of history. On the lake's shore, there are millennial caves where Tehuelche culture left its mark printed on the rocks to be read. After visiting them, participants finish the tour having lunch or dinner inside another big cave.
NAUTICAL SAFARI
This navigation by the "Brazo Rico" of the Argentine Lake allows to appreciate the ice floes of the Perito Moreno Glacier. Arriving until the South end of the channel of Ice floes, the boat is located in a reasonable distance to the wall of the glacier, travelling across in all its extension and allowing to sight the loosenings that take place. The boarding is made in the dock located in the Bay "Under the Shade", approximately at 7 km of the Viewpoint of the Glacier and is a good complement for the Conventional Excursion. This activity, offers the possibility of observing from a perspective completely different, the impressive walls of the Perito Moreno Glacier and its knokings on the Lago Rico´s waters.
Starting off from El Calafate, about 80 km separate Perito Moreno Glacier, last 26 km journey within the National Park Glaciers From its beginning the trip has pleasant surprises. Already in the outskirts of El Calafate, at your right you can see the Argentine Lake with its Round Bay populated with an important variety of birds that can be observed, standing out the swan of black neck, flamenco, duck steam, gallareta, cauquén, giving frame to the typical yellow of the countryside, by the presence of coirones. First 40 km travel across the patagonic steppe, to soon enter in the 26 km after the entrance to the National Park, in order to observe the arboreal vegetation formed by ñires, sour cherries, lengas and cinnamon-coloured, some flowers of diverse colors; the outstanding one is "notro" by its colourful red intense that belongs to the Patagonic Andean Forest. In front of the Glacier, everything is majestic. You can go around the footbridges to catch different views of the Glacier.
An entire experience that combines a 4x4 expedition, a photographic safari and the possibility of a moment of relaxation in an authentic Patagonian estancia "post". Leaving from El Calafate, a short route takes us to the entrance to Estancia Huyliche; after passing through its main house, we enter "Estancia 25 de Mayo" natural reserve. The first stop is an old stone post where the first family of the ranch used to live and we will have a brief explanation about these first settlers and the beginnings of El Calafate. We continue the tour in the vehicle until reaching the "section", an authentic ranch located in the immensity of Patagonia, where we will make the second stop, to begin to spot native fauna. We make this third stop front of the exuberant fauna after leaving the vehicle and walking towards the herds of guanacos, with a fantastic interaction with nature. Later, we travel about 4 km in the vehicle until we reach a fossilized oyster deposit -which is 23 million years old-, and we will learn about the paleontology and geology of the place, discovering that the desert where we are was once covered by the sea. Immediately we continue the trail south to the Mirador del Centinela -hill of 1,500 meters above sea level- from where we get a stunning panoramic view of endless basalt walls. Here the fifth stop is made, where the moment of relaxation arrives to feel the wind and the Patagonian immensity. Finally, we return to the "section" where lunch or dinner is served in an authentic ranch post, before returning to El Calafate. The house has a spacious living room with a beautiful view of the 25 de Mayo hill.
SOUTH GLACIER PIONEERS
Departure from El Calafate: we travel 50 km by the route through the farms (estancias) up to the Roca Lake at the southern end of Los Glaciares National Park. We leave back the arid steppe landscape to enter on the zone of the forest transition. At the end of the road we find the pioneer Nibepo Aike estancia/ farm belonging to the Jansma family. There after a hike through the head of the estancia/ farm, we attend to the lectures and demonstrations of shearing and equestrian, once finalized them, we enter to the comfortable barbecue area of the estancia/ farm in order to taste a typical Patagonian lunch which includes: a salad bar and vegetables along with the delicious lamb and others Argentinean cut meats to end up with a delicious sweet caramel (dulce de leche) crepes, all harmonized by fine Argentine wines and other beverages. Right after a pleasant lunch, we head up to our port to embark and start navigating to Playa de las Monedas (Coins beach) through the Brazo Rico, from there, we disembark and after a peaceful 20 minute walk into the forest of lengas trees, we get out to a lookout spot where you can appreciate the south side of the Moreno Glacier. We go back to the boat in order to continue sailing off the south side. Before leaving the boat, around 3.30 pm, the crew team "go fishing" an iceberg and we offer a whiskey with a glacier ice. Return: we disembark at the Bajo de las Sombras and by bus, the passengers are directed to the Glacier´s walkways by arriving at 4.00 pm, where they will remain there until 6.30 pm and right after, they will return to El Calafate by the traditional route. It is important to emphasize that the arrival on the walkways, by that time 90% of visitors who left in the morning from Calafate have already returned to the city.
TORRES DEL PAINE: OVERLAND 4X4 + TREKKING
After crossing the Patagonian steppe from North to South, you will arrive at the border post "Cancha Carrera" after a 2,5 hs trip. There, you will start to travel through the beautiful South Chile until you arrive at the "Torres del Paine" National Park ("blue" in Tehuelche language due to the predominant color). The trip from El Calafate to National Park Torres del Paine takes 3,5 hs. Once in the park, we will combine rides in our EXCLUSIVE OVERLAND TRUCK 4X4 and hikes, as there are many roads that go along the park and hundreds of hiking paths from one side to another. By default, the level of difficulty of the activities in our programs is low, having the chance to change it for a higher level is the group asks for it. Onboard of our OVERLAND TRUCKS (4X4), we will go to strategic places from where we´ll start the hikes that will allow us to get to the viewpoints where we will have most beautiful sights of the park. Around noon, we will offer you a picnic at the mountain. In case, the weather doesn´t allow it, we´ll use mountain shelters. In the afternoon, where ever the day finds us. Among the different places and viewpoints, you will be able to see: Sarmiento de Gamboa Lake viewpoint, Saltos del Rio Paine (Lunch & walking down beside the river 30'), Cerro Almirante Nieto. Cuernos del Paine – superior viewpoint; Laguna Amarga Las Torres Viewpoint; Salto Grande viewpoint (Big Fall); Viewpoint Nordenskjold Lake de los Cuernos del Paine (Trek by 1.5 hours to Pehoe & Nordenskjold Lake.) Important: the places and viewpoints that will finally be included depend on the weather conditions, the physical condition of the group, available time, the development of the excursion is left to the discretion of the guide tour.
This wild isolated land has always been part of the exotic fantasy of many adventurous of all times. It is the furthest corner of the Andes Range and the End of the World to some explorers. El Calafate is one of the most visited places in the province of Santa Cruz. It was called after a typical fruit of the area, distinguished for its purple color. Vastly large landscapes and a steep path bring tourists from all over the world to the majestic Perito Moreno Glacier. Even though you can watch it from the alleys in front of it, it is difficult to imagine the size of such an ice block. The sound of each slide is shocking and the pale turquoise lake is amazing.


Linocut, ca. 1916, Burke, pg. 225, ZPL 50, Edition of 3 known impressions, 7-9/16 x 2-5/8, signed in pencil, on cream japan paper, small printing crease in image upper left, some marginal foxing, a fine and well inked impression of this stunning and very rare print. Ex-coll. Helen Farr Sloan. According to Efram Burke, cataloguer of both William and Marguerite Zorach's prints, this print was dated ca. 1920, but an impression offered at auction in 2003 has just come to my attention which was signed and dated 1916 by Zorach. For a discussion of this important print, see my article in Journal of the Print World, April, 2017, pg.13. Despite reservations, I deferred to Burke's 1920 date when writing the article, but the now confirmed date of 1916 feels right. As Burke also mentions, there exists a photograph in a file compiled by Sinclair Hitchings at the Boston Public Library of a third impression printed on the back of a batik owned by a Zorach family member.


text:
// Copyright (c) 2013-present, febit.org. All Rights Reserved.
package org.febit.wit;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.val;
import org.febit.wit.core.LoopInfo;
import org.febit.wit.core.VariantIndexer;
import org.febit.wit.exceptions.NotFunctionException;
import org.febit.wit.exceptions.ScriptRuntimeException;
import org.febit.wit.io.Out;
import org.febit.wit.lang.MethodDeclare;
import org.febit.wit.resolvers.GetResolver;
import org.febit.wit.resolvers.OutResolver;
import org.febit.wit.resolvers.ResolverManager;
import org.febit.wit.resolvers.SetResolver;
import org.febit.wit.util.ClassMap;
import org.febit.wit.util.InternedEncoding;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.BiConsumer;

/**
 * Internal Context.
 *

 * store variables and access global components for AST-nodes
 *
 * @author zqq90
 */
@SuppressWarnings({
        "squid:RedundantThrowsDeclarationCheck"
})
public final class InternalContext implements Context {

    @Getter
    private final Template template;

    /**
     * params for this context.
     */
    @Getter
    private final Vars rootParams;

    /**
     * Variables in this scope.
     */
    public final Object[] vars;
    /**
     * Parent scopes's variables, if this's a sub-context.
     */
    private final Object[][] parentScopes;
    /**
     * Variables indexers.
     */
    private final VariantIndexer[] indexers;
    /**
     * If this.write is a bytes stream.
     */
    public final boolean isByteStream;
    /**
     * Output's charset.
     */
    public final InternedEncoding encoding;
    /**
     * Index of current indexer.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({
            "squid:ClassVariableVisibilityCheck"
    })
    public int indexer;

    /**
     * Output, stream or writer.
     */
    private Out out;

    /**
     * Used by functions, store value to be returned.
     */
    private Object returned;
    /**
     * Current goto label, if looped.
     */
    private int label;
    /**
     * Current loop type, ==0 if no loop.
     */
    @Getter
    private int loopType;

    /**
     * Store local variables, only the root context need this.
     */
    private Map<Object, Object> locals;
    /**
     * context to get locals, may not the root context.
     */
    private InternalContext localContext;

    private final ResolverManager resolverManager;
    private final ClassMap<OutResolver> outers;
    private final ClassMap<GetResolver> getters;
    private final ClassMap<SetResolver> setters;

    public InternalContext(final Template template, final Out out, final Vars rootParams,
                           final VariantIndexer[] indexers, final int varSize, final Object[][] parentScopes) {
        this.template = template;
        this.rootParams = rootParams;

        //output
        this.out = out;
        this.encoding = out.getEncoding();
        this.isByteStream = out.isByteStream();

        //resolvers
        val resolverMgr = template.getEngine().getResolverManager();
        this.resolverManager = resolverMgr;
        this.outers = resolverMgr.outers;
        this.getters = resolverMgr.getters;
        this.setters = resolverMgr.setters;

        //variables & indexers
        this.indexers = indexers;
        this.indexer = 0;
        this.vars = new Object[varSize];
        this.parentScopes = parentScopes;

        //import params
        rootParams.exportTo(this::set);
    }

    /**
     * Create a sub context.
     *
     * @param indexers     indexers
     * @param localContext local context
     * @param varSize      var size
     * @return a new sub context
     */
    public InternalContext createSubContext(VariantIndexer[] indexers, InternalContext localContext, int varSize) {
        val myParentScopes = this.parentScopes;
        //cal the new-context's parent-scopes
        Object[][] scopes;
        if (myParentScopes == null) {
            scopes = new Object[][]{this.vars};
        } else {
            scopes = new Object[myParentScopes.length + 1][];
            scopes[0] = this.vars;
            System.arraycopy(myParentScopes, 0, scopes, 1, myParentScopes.length);
        }

        val newContext = new InternalContext(template, localContext.out, Vars.EMPTY,
                indexers, varSize, scopes);
        newContext.localContext = localContext;
        return newContext;
    }

    /**
     * Create a peer-context used by include/import.
     *

     * Only share locals and out
     *
     * @param template   template
     * @param indexers   indexers
     * @param varSize    var size
     * @param rootParams root params
     * @return a new peer context
     */
    public InternalContext createPeerContext(Template template, VariantIndexer[] indexers, int varSize, Vars rootParams) {
        val newContext = new InternalContext(template, this.out, rootParams,
                indexers, varSize, null);
        newContext.localContext = this;
        return newContext;
    }

    /**
     * if gaven loop label matched current loop.
     *
     * @param label label id
     * @return true if match
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({
            "BooleanMethodIsAlwaysInverted"
    })
    public boolean matchLabel(int label) {
        return this.label == 0 || this.label == label;
    }

    /**
     * Mark a break-loop.
     *
     * @param label label id
     */
    public void breakLoop(int label) {
        this.label = label;
        this.loopType = LoopInfo.BREAK;
    }

    /**
     * Mark a continue-loop.
     *
     * @param label label id
     */
    public void continueLoop(int label) {
        this.label = label;
        this.loopType = LoopInfo.CONTINUE;
    }

    /**
     * Mark a return-loop.
     *
     * @param value the returned.
     */
    public void returnLoop(Object value) {
        this.returned = value;
        this.label = 0;
        this.loopType = LoopInfo.RETURN;
    }

    /**
     * Unmark loops.
     */
    public void resetLoop() {
        this.returned = null;
        this.label = 0;
        this.loopType = 0;
    }

    /**
     * Unmark loops, is a break and match the label.
     *
     * @param label label id
     */
    public void resetBreakLoopIfMatch(int label) {
        if (this.loopType == LoopInfo.BREAK
                && (this.label == 0 || this.label == label)) {
            this.resetLoop();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Unmark loops, at the end of functions.
     *
     * @return the returned
     */
    public Object resetReturnLoop() {
        val result = this.loopType == LoopInfo.RETURN
                ? this.returned
                : VOID;
        resetLoop();
        return result;
    }

    public boolean noLoop() {
        return this.loopType == 0;
    }

    /**
     * Get a bean's property.
     *
     * @param <T>      bean type
     * @param bean     bean
     * @param property property
     * @return value
     */
    public <T> Object getBeanProperty(final T bean, final Object property) {
        if (bean != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            GetResolver<T> resolver = this.getters.unsafeGet(bean.getClass());
            if (resolver != null) {
                return resolver.get(bean, property);
            }
        }
        return this.resolverManager.get(bean, property);
    }

    /**
     * Set a bean's property.
     *
     * @param bean     bean
     * @param property property
     * @param value    value
     */
    public <T> void setBeanProperty(final T bean, final Object property, final Object value) {
        if (bean != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            SetResolver<T> resolver = this.setters.unsafeGet(bean.getClass());
            if (resolver != null) {
                resolver.set(bean, property, value);
                return;
            }
        }
        this.resolverManager.set(bean, property, value);
    }

    public void outNotNull(final byte[] bytes) {
        this.out.write(bytes);
    }

    public void outNotNull(final char[] chars) {
        this.out.write(chars);
    }

    public Object temporaryOut(Out newOut, java.util.function.Function<InternalContext, Object> action) {
        Out prevOut = this.out;
        this.out = newOut;
        try {
            return action.apply(this);
        } finally {
            this.out = prevOut;
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T> void write(final T obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return;
        }
        val type = obj.getClass();
        if (type == String.class) {
            this.out.write((String) obj);
            return;
        }
        val resolver = this.outers.unsafeGet(type);
        if (resolver != null) {
            resolver.render(this.out, obj);
            return;
        }
        this.resolverManager.resolveOutResolver(type)
                .render(this.out, obj);
    }

    @Override
    public Object getLocal(final Object name) {
        if (localContext != null) {
            return localContext.getLocal(name);
        }
        val map = this.locals;
        return map != null ? map.get(name) : null;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocal(final Object name, final Object value) {
        if (this.localContext != null) {
            this.localContext.setLocal(name, value);
            return;
        }
        if (this.locals == null) {
            this.locals = new HashMap<>(16);
        }
        this.locals.put(name, value);
    }

    @Override
    public void set(final String name, final Object value) {
        int index = this.indexers[this.indexer].getIndex(name);
        if (index >= 0) {
            this.vars[index] = value;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Object get(final String name) throws ScriptRuntimeException {
        return get(name, true);
    }

    @Override
    public Object get(final String name, boolean force) throws ScriptRuntimeException {
        int index = getCurrentIndexer().getIndex(name);
        if (index >= 0) {
            return this.vars[index];
        }
        if (force) {
            throw new ScriptRuntimeException("Not found variant named:".concat(name));
        }
        return null;
    }

    public Object getParentScopeValue(int scope, int index) {
        return this.parentScopes[scope][index];
    }

    public void setParentScopeValue(int scope, int index, Object value) {
        this.parentScopes[scope][index] = value;
    }

    public VariantIndexer getCurrentIndexer() {
        return this.indexers[this.indexer];
    }

    @Override
    public void forEachVar(BiConsumer<? super String, Object> action) {
        val myVars = this.vars;
        getCurrentIndexer()
                .forEach((name, index)
                        -> action.accept(name, myVars[index]));
    }

    @Override
    public void exportTo(final Map<? super String, Object> map) {
        forEachVar(map::put);
    }

    @Override
    public Function exportFunction(String name) throws NotFunctionException {
        val func = get(name, false);
        if (!(func instanceof MethodDeclare)) {
            throw new NotFunctionException(func);
        }
        return new Function(this.template, (MethodDeclare) func, this.encoding, this.isByteStream);
    }

    public Engine getEngine() {
        return this.template.getEngine();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
OK! Exclusive
OK! Exclusive: Selena Gomez Angers The Weeknd With WILD Surgery Plan
June 20, 2017 9:01AM
Photo credit: BACKGRID
Selena Gomez may be quite petite, but she's trying to keep up with the latest trends to make sure The Weeknd has no reason to look elsewhere. Unfortunately for her, her latest ploy backfired and caused her boyfriend to "hit the roof," a source tells OK! exclusively.
The 24-year-old reportedly told him she wants to get a Brazilian butt lift, and he wasn't thrilled. "He told her he's totally 100 percent against her having any kind of surgery and insists he's not a fan of big Kardashian-style booties," adds the insider.
Considering his last girlfriend was Bella Hadid, who loses weight day by day, it isn't too shocking that curvalicious ladies aren't really his cup of tea. But it turns out Selena isn't too fond of her booty, and "has been paranoid about it for years."
And while she did take a belfie earlier this year, which surprised all of her millions of Instagram followers as she posed in a thong, for her, it was allegedly a huge deal as she "often wears padded underwear to give her a decent booty," the source says.
So she was not expecting for The Weeknd to react so negatively to her butt-job plan and "she's devastated he's against it as it's one of her big body hangups – but judging from his angry reaction it looks like she's going to have to live with it if she wants to stay with him."
What are your thoughts on Selena wanting to get surgery? Let us know in the comments section.
celeb plastic surgery
Christina Milian Welcomes Son Isaiah With Boyfriend Matt Pokora
Courtney Stodden Opens Up About Suicide Attempt After Finalizing Divorce

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Safari Sjef is going to treat Western audiences to a majestic African journey through some of the continent's most magnificent scenery and delicious dishes, which will be given a twist to appeal to the international audience. The show's focus is on Africa, its landscape, people and food. Each week, Wynand will visit a new destination and create a magnificent meal in beautiful surroundings. The food will be as exceptional as the area with sophisticated elements, such as molecular gastronomy performed in the bush.
Viewers will also learn more about the area as Wynand explores the destination, speaks to local personalities and visits places of interest. He will explain how his experiences have influenced his choice of menu for the show and explain how to create each dish, suggesting substitute ingredients where they may be difficult to procure overseas.
Guests from the local community will be invited to share the meal Wynand has prepared, often without the benefit of a modern kitchen which adds to the novelty. Local beverages will also be showcased. The aim of Safari Sjef is to show Africa off at her very best.
Each week will see a new destination with a new culture and new exciting adventures to be experienced. Episodes will be filmed in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia amongst other exotic locations and the stars of the show will often be the wildlife so synonymous with Africa: gorillas, elephants, crocodiles and zebra. Interesting people will also take centre stage such as the Masai Mara Tribe, a sangoma and the remarkable people who are dedicated to conservation in the area. Wynand will also participate in some of Africa's famous adrenalin sports, from bungee jumping to white water rafting.


Sunday, December 30th, 2018 Friday, February 1st, 2019 Misc.
When I stay at my parents' house for the holidays it's always interesting to see what's on tv because I don't watch American television shows very much. So it's eye-opening to see what ads are being shown to the Southern Californian tv-viewing audience.
As far as ads are concerned, it's all about new cars and new drugs. I can't believe how many there are! Ford Sellathon, Toyatathon, Happy Honda Days, Mercedes Benz Winter Event, Chevy Families, etc. And the drug commercials – I can't keep up with all the creative names, but the trend seems to be skincare/psoriasis this year, and diabetes is always high on the playlist.
I just finished the book A Thousand Miles to Freedom: My Escape from North Korea, and the author describes life in the totalitarian state and the brainwashing they North Korean regime inflicts on its people with its strict control of access to information. I keep thinking of the tv (which seems to be constantly on) here at my parents' house and the words and images always streaming out of it. It's a different kind of brainwashing, but easy to see the similarities.


text:
Aaron Judge's Ex Jen Flaum Behind the Fake Chelsa-Judge Story?
Posted by Sports Gossip Staff | Feb 8, 2019 | MLB
One of our sources who fed us a lot of information about what turned out to be a fake story about Chelsa and Aaron Judge, including pictures from her Instagram Story, tried to explain themselves after the denial by Chelsa.
In the "confession" they claim to be friends with Judge's ex Jen Flaum's friend Christina. They also claim that Flaum herself was the one who was behind all of the bogus information. The source definitely knows who was behind it. In the email they do accurately point out some of the sources that we never released, but whether or not it's Jen or her friend behind it is anyone's guess.
We have our doubts. When asked for proof of communications that show Jen was behind it, they refused to send it. But you can read the email and come to your own conclusions:
We want to be 100% clear here, we never made up any of the details about this story, nor do we about any stories. Someone went to great lengths, with several Instagram and email accounts, to put out the false information.
We attempted to reach out to Jen and were unable to get clarification.
Want More From Sports Gossip?
For all the latest breaking Sports Gossip, be sure to follow SportsGossip.com on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.
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Curt Schilling Wasn't Happy About Not Being Invited to a Ceremony Honoring the 2004 Team Prior to Game 2 of the World Series


40, 70, and 100um Cell Strainers. Nylon mesh and compatible with LabScientific 50ml Centrifuge Tubes. Features a polypropylene frame with a molded tab for easy handling. Gamma radiation sterilized, non-pyrogenic, and individually wrapped.


Whether you are strolling through our quaint downtown, walking through the stores in the shopping center, relaxing or exercising in the 82 acre Christmas Tree Park, or simply meandering past the inviting homes in our neatly lined neighborhood streets, Manchester, Maryland, has something to offer everyone. Our peaceful town with small-town atmosphere and appeal is the perfect location to live and raise a family; and with easy commuter access to Hampstead, Hanover, Westminster, and Baltimore, the vibrancy and amenities of big city life are not far away. One of the ways that residents protect this valued community is by putting effective pest protection services from American Pest in place.
Rodents, roaches, termites, and more can threaten the structural integrity of our historic buildings and our newer homes. They also can pose a risk to the health and safety of residents and visitors alike which is why the trusted residential and commercial pest control protection offered by American Pest is in such high demand. American Pest offers Manchester residents affordable, eco-friendly solutions to pest pressures and utilizes integrated pest management practices that use a pest's habits and habitat choices against them and minimizes the need for chemical intervention. To learn more about our safe, effective pest control solutions for your Manchester home or business, visit our website or give us a call today.
There are many pests that are common here in Manchester that can endanger the structural integrity of your home and the health of your family. Termites, for example, can damage the support beams inside your walls without you even knowing they are there, and cockroaches carry and spread many harmful pathogens as they scurry across kitchen counters, through silverware drawers, and along pantry shelves. Rodents, such as mice and rats, can actually do both. Not only do they destroy personal belongings and chew on insulation, pipes, and wires; but they also carry and spread dangerous diseases such as salmonella and leptospirosis. You know the old saying "the best offense is a good defense"; we took this to heart when we developed our comprehensive residential pest control plans. By proactively defending against invading pests, you can keep your home safe from their ravages. Whether you choose to protect your home with our Preferred Care pest protection plan, our Preferred Care Plus pest protection plan, or our all inclusive Preferred Care Complete pest protection plan, you can know that your pest issues will be safely eliminated with eco-friendly solutions that are backed by the American Pest Pest-Free Pledge Guarantee. When keeping your Manchester home safe from the harmful and damaging effects of pests with reliable, effective, eco-friendly service is your goal, then American Pest is your solution. Contact us today to learn more about our Preferred Care pest protection plans or any of our other industry-leading services.
Termites are the little pest that can make a big difference in the value of your Manchester home. Subterranean termites live in huge colonies under the ground, sometimes numbering in the six digits. They must remain shielded from the sun and air, so they build discreet mud tubes from their nests, up the side of your foundation, and into the center of your home. Once there, they can feed on items containing cellulose, mainly the wooden support beams inside your walls, 24 hours a day all year long. Typically, these destructive pests are discovered by accident during a renovation project; or, more often, only after damages have become severe enough to be noticeable. The only way to effectively defend against termites is with a professional termite monitoring system like the Sentricon® System with Always Active™. The termite experts here at American Pest are authorized operators of this discreet baiting system that will not only eliminate current termite colonies but will remain in place to defend against future foraging termites. This non-invasive system which requires no drilling or trenching works by placing termite-specific bait in discreet baiting station around your property. The bait is ingested by foraging termites and interrupts their ability to absorb nutrition and reproduce. These termites, unaware of the effects of the bait, take some back to feed their colony, and the colony is wiped out. It is as simple and eco-friendly as that! Make sure that termites are not secretly undermining the structural integrity and the value of your Manchester home with Sentricon® with Always Active™ and American Pest.
Here in Manchester, word travels fast; and the sighting of a pest in your commercial setting can spread like wildfire through the community and beyond. In a small community like this, your reputation is what sets you apart and keeps you competitive. It is the basis for everything you do; it is what you have worked so hard to cultivate and it's what keeps you in business. Keeping your commercial property free from pests is an important part of protecting your customers, your employees, your product line, and your reputation from the damage and disease that pests can inflict. You don't want to leave that up to chance and you definitely don't want to leave it up to a novice. You want to be sure that your pest control solutions are performed by highly trained professionals that understand the intricate regulations in your industry. You want to know that your pest control solutions are minimally invasive and eco-friendly. These are just some of the reasons why many businesses here in Manchester and throughout Maryland, D.C., and Northern Virginia have turned to the trusted commercial pest control team here at American Pest; and these are the very same reasons why you will want to turn to American Pest too. Give us a call today to learn more about our industry-leading solutions for your Manchester business.
Proper pest control is a pretty big deal, and you want to know that the company you have chosen is worthy of your trust. You want to be sure that this company has been time-tested, and that they use eco-friendly, safe solutions. You want to hear that they have a stellar reputation for quality customer service and effective solutions and you want to know that they will be there for you and that they will stand behind their products and services. These are the very reasons why so many of your friends and neighbors have chosen the trusted team of professionals here at American Pest. We offer industry-leading, safe, and effective pest control solutions for homes, businesses, government installations, and industries. We have made it our mission for the past 90 years to provide superior customer service to our valued clients making your satisfaction our top priority. And because of our stringent hiring practices, superior training, integrated pest management procedures, and 9 decades of hands-on experience, thousands have trusted us to care for their pest control needs. To learn why so many have turned to American Pest for their pest control solutions, simply give us a call today.


text:
Q: What are the submodules of $M⊗K$? Let $k$ be a field and $K$ is a extension of this field.
And let $A$ be a finite type $k$-algebra, and $M$ be a finitely generated module over $A$.
Then, is the form of submodules of $M⊗_kK$ always $N⊗_kK$?
(where $N$ is an $A$-submodule of $M$)

A: No.  Small examples suffice: take $k=\mathbb{F}_p$, the finite field of $p$ elements, and take $K=\mathbb{F}_{p^2}$.  Now, take $A=k$ and $M=k^2$.  Then $M$ only has $p+1$ non-trivial submodules, while $M\otimes_k K$ (which is isomorphic to $K^2$) has $p^2+1$ non-trivial submodules.  Thus $M\otimes_k K$ must have submodules which are not of the form $N\otimes_k K$, with $N$ a submodule of $M$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange