text:
Freedom in the Net
ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (INTERMEDIARY GUIDELINES AND DIGITAL MEDIA ETHICS CODE) RULES, 2021
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (hereinafter "MEITY") and the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (hereinafter "MIB") on 25.02.2021, notified the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.
In respect to the Over-the-top (hereinafter "OTT") platforms or curated content, the Government in its press release has expressed the view that there have been widespread concerns about issues relating to digital contents both on digital media and OTT platforms or certification. A number of Public Interest Litigation as well as other cases against OTT platforms were also filed in various high courts and before the Supreme Court of India, calling for regulation of content that was being aired through the OTT platforms.
In this blog post, we chalk down the history of these rules, their consultation process, on-going litigation, and the possible challenges put forth by the notification of these rules including the challenges to free speech and privacy.
2. Consultation
The draft Information Technology (Intermediary Guideline) Rules, 2018 were published in December, 2018 for public consultation by MEITY to review the existing Information Technology (Intermediary Rules), 2011. (You can read our comments and counter-comments here) In response to the 2018 consultations, MEITY had received 171 comments and 80 counter-comments.
However, since then, MEITY and the MIB decided to notify the OTT Regulation and Code of Ethics for Digital Media along with the Intermediary Guidelines, 2021 without any consultation with the relevant stakeholders. This is in contravention of the Government of India's Pre-Legislative Consultation Policy which prescribes that the department/ ministry must release the draft legislation in public domain, the key provisions to be explained in simpler language etc. for at least a minimum period of 30 days.
3. History of OTT Regulation and the Intermediary Guidelines Rules
In April 2018, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting passed an Order forming a 10 member committee to "frame and suggest a regulatory framework for online media/news portals including digital broadcasting and entertainment/ infotainment sites & news/ media aggregators". The committee was subsequently disbanded in July, 2018 and the task was handed over to a panel overseen by MEITY. Creating a distinction between two separate categories of content, in December 2019, Atul Kumar Tiwari, the Additional Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting reportedly said "OTT (over-the-top video streaming industry) is a strange animal but our self-regulation model will only apply to curated content on streaming platforms (like Netflix, Amazon, Hotstar and others) while user-generated content and social media would be the reserve of the IT Ministry". Subsequently on 09.11.2020, the President of India issued a notification under Article 77(3) of the Constitution, amending the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961 which granted MIB the power to regulate online news platforms and OTT platforms.
4. The Supreme Court Litigation
In 2018, a petition was filed in the Madras High Court by Janani Krishnamurthy and Antony Clement Rubin seeking that Aadhaar must be linked with social media accounts of users. The reason behind this was to identify the users in case of illegal actions, trolling etc. The Madras High Court following the Puttaswamy-II judgment of 2018 decided against linking Aadhaar with the social media platforms. However, the issue of tracing the originator of a message on WhatsApp or Signal or any other application which has end-to-end encryption by default remained.
During the course of proceedings, an affidavit was filed by Professor V. Kamakoti, a professor from IIT-Madras and a member of the Prime Minister's scientific advisory committee. The affidavit was to determine if tracing can be done in WhatsApp which follows end-to-end encryption based on the Signal Protocol. The affidavit filed by Prof Kamakoti in the Madras High Court stated that the traceability of originator is possible by adding an originator information with each message which will be displayed during the decryption.
Subsequently, other technology giants like Facebook and YouTube were impleaded as parties in the case. Facebook later on approached the Supreme Court because the matter was sub-judice in a couple of other High Courts such as the Bombay High Court and the Madhya Pradesh High Court. The main argument made by Facebook / WhatsApp was that it uses end-to-end encryption which makes it impossible to track the originator of a message and that even WhatsApp does not have decryption keys and therefore, does not have access to the messages itself.
The Supreme Court is currently adjudicating on the issue of how the intermediaries can trace the originators of a message shared on their respective platforms.
5. The Information Technology (Intermediary Guideline) Rules, 2021 and the Code of Ethics and Procedure and Safeguards in Relation to Digital/ Online Media
The Information Technology (Intermediary Guideline) Rules, 2021 and the Code of Ethics and Procedure and Safeguards in Relation to Digital/ Online Media (hereinafter "rules" have been notified by the Central Government under Section 87 of the Information Technology Act, 2000. The Rules are in supersession of the Information Technology (Intermediaries Guidelines) Rules, 2011.
I. DEFINITION AND CATEGORIZATION OF ENTITIES
The rules classify and provide for separate regulations for intermediaries and other entities. The categorization of various entities along with their corresponding definitions is as given below:
"an entity who, performing a significant role in determining the news and current affairs content being made available, makes available to users a computer resource that enable such users to access the news and current affairs content which is aggregated, curated and presented by such entity." [Rule 2(o)]
Publisher of news and current affairs content
"an online paper, news portal, news aggregator, news agency and such other entity called by whatever name,which is functionally similar to publishers of news and current affairs content but shall not include newspapers, replica e-papers of the newspaper and any individual or user who is not transmitting content in the course of systematic business, professional or commercial activity;" [Rule 2(t)]
Publisher of online curated content
"Means a publisher who, performing a significant role in determining the online curated content being made available, makes available to users a computer resource that enables such users to access online curated content over the internet or computer networks, and such other entity called by whatever name, which is functionally similar to publishers of online curated content but does not include any individual or user who is not transmitting online curated content in the course of systematic business, professional or commercial activity;" [Rule 2(u)]
Significant social media intermediary
"a social media intermediary having number of registered users in India above such threshold as notified by the Central Government." [Rule 2(v)]
Social media intermediary
"an intermediary which primarily or solely enables online interaction between two or more users and allows them to create, upload, share, disseminate, modify or access information using its services. [Rule 2(w)]
II. DUE DILIGENCE REQUIREMENTS BY INTERMEDIARIES
Following is a list of major due diligence requirements that have to be observed by an intermediary, a social media intermediary and a significant social media intermediary:
a. Content take down: Rule 3(1)(d)
An intermediary, after receiving 'actual knowledge' through a court order or by being notified by a government agency, is bound to remove information that is prohibited by law in relation to interest of the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation, incitement to an offence or information which violates any law which is in force. Such information has to be removed within a duration of thirty six hours from receipt of actual knowledge by the intermediary.
While the rules have expanded the time from from twenty four hours in the draft rules to thirty six hours, It should also be noted that the strict requirement of thirty six hours for content removal in the case of orders issued by the government will not only take away the right of an intermediary to a fair and reasonable recourse when they are in disagreement with the order issued by a Government authority, but it will also impact free speech online.
b. Grievance redressal mechanism: Rule 3(2)(a)
While the Draft rules also contained a requirement for publishing the details of the Grievance Officer, his/her contact details and the grievance redressal mechanism; the new rules expand upon the scope of the process by requiring the grievance officer to acknowledge the complaint within twenty four hours and also sets a limit of fifteen days for disposing off the complaint.
c. Prevention of proliferation of Non-Consensual Intimate Images (NCII): Rule 3(2)(b)
Within the grievance redressal mechanism, there is a specific and separate requirement in respect of non-consensual transmission of content which exposes the private area of any person, contains an image of a person in full or partial nudity or depicts such person in any sexual act or conduct or contains an impersonation, including artificially morphed images. There exists an additional qualification in respect of such content that such content is transmitted with the intent to harass, intimidate, threaten or abuse an individual. In respect of such material, the intermediary has to remove the content within twenty four hours from the time of receipt of a complaint. The intermediary also has to put in place a mechanism for receipt of complaints in this regard, where the individual can provide the details or communication link.
This is a much needed emphasis that has been put upon a contentious and problematic category of online content. This is a welcome move and it addresses the problem of publication of nudity/ sexual content without consent. Although there is a requirement of twenty four hours, in all such cases, intermediaries should operate on a best efforts basis.
III. DUE DILIGENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL MEDIA INTERMEDIARIES
d. Appointment of personnel:
Chief Compliance Officer, Rule 4(a) - An intermediary has to appoint a Chief Compliance Officer who shall undertake the responsibility for ensuring compliance with the IT Act and the rules thereunder. The Chief Compliance Officer will be liable in any proceedings relating to third party information where he/she fails to make sure that due diligence was followed by the intermediary. No liability will be imposed upon the significant social media intermediary, without being granted an opportunity to be heard. The Chief Compliance Officer has to be a 'key managerial personnel' or a senior employee of the company and he/she has to be a resident in India.
Appointment of a Nodal Contact Person, Rule 4(b): A social media intermediary is also required to appoint a nodal person who shall be responsible for round the clock 24x7 coordination with law enforcement authorities and shall ensure that the Orders and requisitions sent to the company are complied with. The nodal contact person has to be an employee, someone other than the person holding the position of the Chief Compliance Officer and he/she has to be a resident of India.
Appointment of Resident Grievance Officer, Rule 4(c): The said officer shall be responsible for ensuring that the intermediary follows the due diligence requirements relating to the grievance redressal mechanism. The Resident Grievance Officer must be a resident of India.
The mandatory requirement can create hurdles for online messaging platforms like Signal or Telegram that do not have offices in India. Signal is run by a non-profit entity and it may not be possible for such an entity to establish offices or have dedicated personnel in the country. Similarly, for numerous other intermediaries that operate at a limited scale, this requirement will create an additional financial and operational burden.
e. Compliance Reports, Rule 4(d)
Significant Social Media intermediaries must publish compliance reports every month, containing the details in respect of the complaints which were received and the action taken on those complaints, and the number of links or information removed while using proactive monitoring through automated tools.
Mandating the publication of compliance reports is a positive step. Requiring significant social media intermediaries to publish the details of the process through which content was removed, facilitates more transparency in content moderation practices of intermediaries. Availability of more data in the public domain can also lead to better coordination among intermediaries. It can further lead to big technology companies taking up joint efforts in building better industry practices and tools. The requirement for monthly publication however must be changed to once in every six months, to ease the burden of compliance upon intermediaries.
f. Traceability Requirement or the Originator Requirement: Rule 4(2)
Rule 4(2) of the Rules is an amended version of the previous draft Intermediary Guidelines which was published in December, 2018. This provision requires a significant social media intermediary providing services primarily in the nature of messaging to identify "first originator" of the information on a computer resource. In order to acquire such information, the Rules require an order issued under Section 69 of IT Act or a judicial order. The provision is problematic in several quarters.
Firstly, it is an either/or situation for a judicial order and an order under S. 69, IT Act. Section 69 does not offer adequate procedural safeguards and the orders under S. 69 are not available in the public domain. RTI requests filed by SFLC.IN seeking the number of decryption orders passed by the government each year have been denied in the past, citing S. 8 of the RTI Act, 2005. Law enforcement agencies can easily bypass the judicial process by relying on decryption requests made under S. 69 of the IT Act, 2000, thereby undermining accountability and transparency principles.
Secondly, the provision provides that where the first originator of any information on the computer resource of an intermediary is located outside the territory of India, the first originator of that information within the territory of India shall be deemed to be the first originator of the information. In such a scenario, the intermediary should have access to the metadata of the entire chain of the conversation. So, the messaging applications have to be re-engineered to capture metadata to implement this mandatory requirement. This provision will undermine end-to-end encryption and will severely impinge on security and privacy of communications. This is because in order to comply with the traceability provision, there is a high likelihood that the significant social media intermediaries will have to break end-to-end encryption and access the contents of a message, thereby compromising the privacy of communication. This will considerably weaken security of end-to-end encrypted platforms. This move would severely dent the privacy by design principle by acting both ways i.e. being a valuable target for malicious third parties.
In addition to this, it would still pose a major challenge in courts to prove who the originator of information is. For instance, someone who took a screenshot of a tweet and shared it with a friend, may not be the actual originator of that information. It would potentially be a challenge in the court to attribute mens rea to such originators.
In a nutshell, this provision will undermine privacy and right to free speech, and it will severely impact the sanctity of end-to-end encrypted communications.
g. Automated Filtering : Rule 4(4)
Rule 4(4) requires that a Significant Social Media Intermediary "shall endeavour to deploy" technology based measures such as automated tools or other mechanisms for proactively identifying information that falls into the following categories:
depicts any act or stimulation in any form depicting rape, child sexual abuse or conduct whether explicit or implicit
information which is exactly identical in content to information that has been removed or access to which has been disabled.
The intermediary also has to display a notice to any user who is trying to access such information, stating that the information has been identified by the intermediary as falling under one of the categories.
While the wording of the Rule does not explicitly mandate the usage of automated filters, it does in some way direct the companies to make an effort to put in place such tools. The purpose here seems to be to direct the companies which have the capacity or the capability to use such tools and technologies.
It is interesting to note that the provision is limited to rape and child sexual abuse material. However, it does not include sexual assault. In addition to this, it is unclear how the AI tools would respond to movies which show rape scenes or sexual assault.
It is to be noted that automated tools are not always efficient in identifying images/videos with graphic content. For instance, Facebook had once removed the iconic 'Napam girl photo' from its platform after its automated tools adjudged the photograph for containing nudity. Automated take down tools often have a problem in understanding the context in which certain content is shared. The technologies which are used for automated filtering are still in their nascent stages of development. AI tools which are used for filtering content operate with limited efficiency when it comes to regional languages or languages which are not widely spoken. There is also a possibility that proactive take down of content may lead to large scale mass surveillance by private companies and increased automated censorship as platforms would err on the side of caution. This will also have an impact on free speech which forms the spine of a democratic nation.
h. Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Rule 4(6) and 4(8)
Every significant social media intermediary must implement a mechanism where they receive complaints and grievances in relation to their failure to comply with the due diligence requirements given under the rules. Each complaint is to be allotted a unique ticket number which can be used to track the status of such complaints by the complainant. Intermediaries are also bound to give an explanation for the action taken or not taken, in respect of the complaint received by it. The aggrieved user must also be granted an opportunity to dispute the removal of content and request a reinstatement of access to such information. The decision in respect of adjudication of such a dispute must be done within a "reasonable" time.
This is a welcome provision and adds greater transparency in the take down process. There have been reports that social media companies have incorrectly or inadvertently removed content and have thereby impinged upon the right to freedom of speech and expression. There have also been reports where the social media intermediaries have bent to the will of the political establishment of countries and complied with requests for removal of content that was critical of the regime. This rule will at the least provide an opportunity to a user and will compel the social media intermediary to give an explanation for every decision taken by it. This is however a mammoth task considering the sheer volume of decisions taken by social media intermediaries on a daily basis.
i. Verification of Users
A significant social media intermediary is expected to enable users who have either registered for their services from India or are using their services in India, to "voluntarily" verify their accounts. The mechanisms for verification include "any appropriate mechanism" and include the active Indian mobile number of users. All accounts that have been verified must display a mark of verification which should be visible to every user.
A number of social media intermediaries already have such processes in place. Since this is a voluntary requirement and does not compel a user to verify his or her credentials, it does not impact the digital rights of users.
j. Obligation in relation to news and current affairs content
An Intermediary has to give a proper notice on its website, that all publishers of news and current affairs content must furnish the details about their user accounts to the Ministry.
k. Non-applicability of Safe Harbour: Rule 7
If an intermediary fails to observe the rules, it shall not be entitled to the safe harbour protection under Section 79 of the Information Technology Act, 2000.
IV. DIGITAL MEDIA
The rules made under Part III of the Rules classify its subjects into two categories namely i. Publishers of news and current affairs content; and ii. Publishers of online curated content. The rules will be administered by the MIB.
l. Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Rule 10
A publisher has to give an acknowledgment of the grievance to the complainant, within a period of twenty-four hours. The publisher must address the grievance and it has to convey its decision to the complainant, within fifteen days from the registration of the grievance. If the grievance remains unaddressed even after fifteen days, it will be escalated to the self regulating body at level two of the three tier grievance redressal mechanism.
The regulation of online curated content or news and current affairs content is structured into three different levels.
Level 1: Rule 11
This level consists of the grievance redressal mechanism constituted by the Publisher. Every publisher is supposed to appoint a Grievance Redressal Officer based in India who will be responsible for addressing the grievances.
The said officer has to take a decision in respect of every grievance received by him, within a period of fifteen days and the decision has to be communicated to the complainant within the specified time. The said officer is also expected to be the point of contact for receiving grievances relating to the Code of Ethics and the nodal point for interaction with the complainant, the self regulating body and the MIB.
Level 2- Self Regulatory Mechanism: Rule 12
Constitution: Level 2 consists of the self regulatory body which is expected to be an independent body made by an association of the publishers. There can be more than one self regulatory body and it has to be headed by a retired judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court or an 'independent eminent person' who belongs to the field of media, broadcasting, entertainment, child rights, human rights or any such relevant field. The self-regulatory body shall have up to six other members who shall be experts from the aforementioned fields.
The self-regulatory body must be registered with the MIB. If such a body has been constituted before the notification of the rules, it must be registered within thirty days and if it is constituted after the notification of the rules, it must be registered within thirty days from the date of its constitution.
The self-regulatory body is supposed to ensure that the publishers adhere to the Code of Ethics, provide guidance on the same to them, address grievances which remain unresolved with the publishers and hear appeals which are filed by the complainants against the decision given by the publishers. The body also has to power to issue guidance or advisories to the publishers, 'warning, censuring, admonishing or reprimanding' them or requiring an apology, warning card or a disclaimer from the publisher. The self-regulatory body can further direct the publisher of online curated content to reclassify the ratings of content, make modifications in the age classification and access control measures, and refer content to the Ministry for consideration.
Level 3- Oversight Mechanism: Rule 13
The final level comprises an Oversight Mechanism which is constituted by the Ministry, to ensure adherence to the Code of Ethics by the publishers. The Ministry has been empowered to designate an officer of the ministry, not below the rank of a Joint Secretary to the Central Government, as the "Authorized Officer". The authorized officer shall have the power to initiate the procedure for deletion, blocking or modification of information by the publisher, and for blocking of information in case of an 'emergency'.
The Inter-Departmental Committee shall be constituted by the ministry which will have representatives from various ministries and domain experts. The committee will be headed by the Authorized Officer and it shall hear and examine complaints or grievances and make recommendations to the MIB accordingly. The set of recommendations include 'warning, censuring, admonishing or reprimanding' entities, requiring an apology or requiring them to issue a warning or a disclaimer. If the Committee is satisfied that there exists the need to take action for blocking of content under Section 69A of the IT Act (Power to issue directions for blocking for public access of any information through any computer resource), it may send recommendations to the MIB to do so.
The Oversight Mechanism shall establish an Inter-Departmental Committee for hearing grievances, shall refer grievances to the said committee and shall issue guidance, advisories and directions to publishers. The Inter-Departmental Committee has the onus of hearing complaints in relation to grievances received from Level I or Level II and the ones which are referred to it by the MIB.
While attempts at having a single level of self regulatory mechanism for OTT content did not materialize, the culmination of that failure into the current mechanism as laid down in the rules, is marred by erroneous deficiencies. Giving the power to the MIB to decide what content is aired and what content gets blocked, and extending that control even over news content, will have a chilling effect on the right to freedom of speech and expression. An argument that is often cited to justify the regulation of online content is that the restrictions which apply to televised content and films, should also be applicable to online content. The MIB not only has the power to refer grievances to the Inter-Departmental Committee constituted by it but it also has the authority to issue guidance and advisories to publishers. The Inter-Departmental Committee can also send recommendations to the MIB for warning, censuring, admonishing or reprimanding an entity. This sets a dangerous precedent where freedom of speech and expression, the freedom of press and the right to dissent will all be at the mercy of the government or its agencies. In November 2016, the Government of India had banned the Indian news channel NDTV India, for a day. While the government had cited a breach of national security laws, the Editors Guild of India had condemned it by terming it a violation of the freedom of media. The existing mechanism for redressal of grievances can throw up more such instances of news content being blocked, thereby threatening free speech.
m. Disclosure of information by publishers: Rule 18(1) and (2)
A publisher of news and current affairs content as well as a publisher of online curated content which is operating in India, must inform the Ministry in respect of details of its entity and it must furnish information and the specified documents for facilitating communication and coordination.
n. Compliance Reports by publishers: Rule 18(3)
Every publisher of news and current affairs content as well as the publisher of online curated content must publish a compliance report every month. The compliance report should contain the details in respect of grievances received by the publisher and the action taken on those grievances.
Rule 3(2)(a) - The rule mandates an intermediary to remove any non consensual intimate imagery, within a period of twenty four hours.
Rule 3(d) - Content take down period of thirty six hours.
Rule 4(7) - Voluntary verification of user accounts - A significant social media intermediary has to enable users to voluntarily verify their accounts. Since the requirement is voluntary, it does not impact digital rights of users.
Rule 4(1)(d) - Publication of Compliance Reports is a positive step as it ensures transparency in content moderation practices of social media companies. It also makes data publicly available which will enhance the efficiency of content moderation tools and technologies. The only demerit in this rule is that the reports have to be published monthly. This requirement should be changed to once in six months.
Rule 4(a) - Appointment of personnel - The rule mandates all the significant social media intermediaries to appoint a Chief Compliance Officer, a nodal contact person and a Resident Grievance Officer. All the three appointees have to be a resident in India, which creates additional hardships for multinational corporations and non-profit entities like Signal.
Rule 3(2)(a) - Grievance Redressal mechanism of intermediary mandates the intermediary to acknowledge the complaint within twenty four hours and dispose of the complaint within 15 days. The strict timelines could be a burden for the smaller players
Rule 4(8) - Dispute resolution mechanism for content removal: Significant social media intermediaries have to provide an explanation to the users, in respect of removal of content. The rule also mandates that the entity should give an opportunity to an aggrieved user to dispute the action taken by the intermediary and the decision in this respect has to be taken within a reasonable period of time. Although this requirement is burdensome for social media companies, is a much needed one. There have been many instances where social media companies inadvertently or otherwise, ended up blocking harmless content. This requirement will bring more transparency and will ensure private players give due consideration to the rights of users while filtering content.
Rule 4(2) - Traceability requirement: It undermines privacy and the right to free speech, and it will severely impact the sanctity of end-to-end encrypted communications.
Rule 4(4) - Automated tools for filtering information: The requirement for using automated tools has not been mandated. The requirement for an endeavour in this regard has only been imposed upon "significant social media intermediaries", leaving aside smaller companies that may not be able to afford or implement automated tools
Rule 4(3) - Requirement for labelling information to users that the content is being advertised, marketed, sponsored, owned or exclusively controlled.
Rule 4(5) - The local office requirement creates operational difficulties for multinational companies and adds a financial burden.
Rule 11-14 - Grievance Redressal Mechanism for publishers: The three tier grievance redressal mechanism gives MIB the power to issue orders, directions, advisories etc. to publishers. It also places the Inter-Departmental Committee (constituted by the MIB) as the final adjudicatory authority in respect of complaints received at Level I and Level II.
#access


text:
Q: Software or Hardware? Hi guys i have a Server 2008 R2 thats a supermicro Duel Xeon 1366 box 12gb DDR3, that i use for file storage and WDS and little Vmware Workstation 12 stuff.. The issue am having
its loaded with 2 kingston v300 SSDs as boot drives in Raid 0 from an intel controller with just the OS installed..
6 Drives for storage all SATA 2 mainly seagate pipeline HD2 500GB...
basicly i removed a dying drive that showed bad sectors and give off bad SMART data, i wanted to replace the drive with 1 TB Seagate Baracada brand new..
When i installed, the drive and tried to copy files to it from a known good drive, it locks up and windows locks up with it as well, the explorer will stop responding too and will take about 5 mins to come back to life.
Copying to and from the other drives works flawless.
I have checked the new drive is fine by checking SMART data in another pc and writing data till the drive is full and replaced the raid controller in the server to rule that out.
any Ideas? This pecking my head!
PS, Also reinstalled windows server to make sure...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The question is: Are you open to receive it?
Relax, and imagine the feeling of unconditional love. The state of being at one with your higher-self and all of creation. What are you feeling?
Is it peace? Is it warmth?
These are feelings we all have after meditating. It's always a grounding experience to calm your soul and enlighten your mind.
If only there was a way. A way to TRULY know what your next step is. Who could you ask? Who is there to guide you?
What does your higher-self need to tell you?
Urgent information from your guides?
A path to your higher purpose?
A solution to a challenge you are now facing?
Guidance on a more fulfilling career path?
After all, your higher-self is talking, but are you listening?
Allow this 14 minute guided meditation to bestow a gift of love and abundance upon you.
First: Imagine calming and relaxing music. Every muscle in your body sinks deeper and deeper into the earth. A soothing channeled message from Archangel Metatron helps you to focus.
Second: Full and expanding breathes fill your lungs with pure white-light energy. Worries are left far behind as your consciousness effortlessly ascends. You are lifted to a beautiful plane of existence within your own being.
How will I benefit from a conversation with my higher-self today?
Once you have this higher wisdom, rest assured your next step will effortlessly unfold before you.
With this gift, you are ready.
Ready to intelligently and lovingly face your day, challenges or decisions.
Access this meditation with Archangel Metatron here for free!
First off I want to say awesome blog! I had a quick question in which I'd like to ask if you do not mind. I was curious to find out how you center yourself and clear your mind prior to writing. I have had a difficult time clearing my thoughts in getting my ideas out there. I truly do take pleasure in writing however it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes are wasted simply just trying to figure out how to begin. Any ideas or hints? Cheers!


text:
Q: How to remove the global execution permision on my ntfs partition on Linux Mint? I have toyed with my fstab file to allow automatic mount and execution of scripts on my ntfs partition. I also played with file permission using chmod +x -R. At the begining nothing worked, but now, after reboot, every file in my ntfs folder has a 777 permission. How do I remove that?
This is the relevant line in my fstab file
UUID=D8F68113F680F2D4   /mnt/ntfs   ntfs    rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,

A: You can use the umask (for all files and directories), dmask (for directories), and/or fmask (for non-directory files) options, as in:
LABEL=Windows8_OS  /other/windows  ntfs  noauto,users,fmask=133,dmask=022  0  0

All of these ?mask options say which permissions, in octal form, to remove from files. Thus, in this example, files will end up with 644 (rw-r--r--) and directories will have permissions of 755 (rwxr-xr-x). You can adjust the permissions as you see fit.

A: When you mount NFS, your permissions you're mounting it with must match up with what you have on the server. Looks to me like the server is exporting it with 777, change the server permissions.


text:
The Siegbahn notation is used in X-ray spectroscopy to name the spectral lines that are characteristic to elements. It was introduced by Manne Siegbahn.

The characteristic lines in X-ray emission spectra correspond to atomic electronic transitions where an electron jumps down to a vacancy in one of the inner shells of an atom. Such a hole in an inner shell may have been produced by bombardment with electrons in an X-ray tube, by other particles as in PIXE, by other X-rays in X-ray fluorescence or by radioactive decay of the atom's nucleus.

Although still widely used in spectroscopy, this notation is unsystematic and often confusing. For these reasons, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommends another nomenclature.

History
The use of the letters K and L to denote X-rays originates in a 1911 paper by Charles Glover Barkla, titled The Spectra of the Fluorescent Röntgen Radiations ("Röntgen radiation" is an archaic name for "X-rays"). By 1913, Henry Moseley had clearly differentiated two types of X-ray lines for each element, naming them α and β. In 1914, as part of his thesis, Ivar Malmer (:sv:Ivar Malmer), a student of Manne Siegbahn, discovered that the α and β lines were not single lines, but doublets. In 1916, Siegbahn published this result in the journal Nature, using what would come to be known as the Siegbahn notation.

Correspondence between the Siegbahn and IUPAC notations
The table below shows a few transitions and their initial and final levels.

See also
 Characteristic X-ray
 Moseley's law
 X-ray notation

References

 Nomenclature system for X-ray spectroscopy (1991) IUPAC.

Spectroscopy
X-rays
Atomic physics
Quantum chemistry
Astronomical spectroscopy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
A Husband for Hire ♣ Book Review
Lady Eleanor Russell needed a husband. Immediately. With her father's death imminent and no male heir to be found, her ancestral home, with its famous Thoroughbred racing stable and 100,000 acres of surrounding villages and tenant farms, would revert to the Crown. But no man in his right mind would choose an unattractive, outspoken, thirty-year-old spinster of strong opinions and stubborn independence to be his bride. Well, she'd buy a husband—and send him on his way.
An impoverished third son of a duke, Lord Miles Everleigh, tall, elegant and immensely handsome, relied on the generosity of his friends and the kindness of wealthy widows to keep himself clothed, housed and fed. That he was well-spoken and congenial won him acceptance into the highest of social circles—and into the beds of the most influential women. But his was a lifestyle that wore on a man's self-respect; he was not the male whore his step-brother had named him.
When Lady Eleanor Russell "bought" Lord Miles Everleigh as a husband, she never intended to lose her heart. When he accepted her proposal, Lord Miles never imagined he'd want more from Lady Eleanor than her money.
There are three brothers, so there will be three books. They follow the same story line but each brother will have his own book. Only the first in the series will be a "stand alone"... however, A Husband for Hire ends with a bit of a cliff hanger.
This is Patricia's first time writing Regency/Historical Romance but she's a long-time reader.
Erotic Romance ~ calorie-free, guilty pleasures you will indulge in again and again.
Patricia A. Knight is the pen name for an eternal romantic who lives in Dallas, Texas surrounded by her horses, dogs and the best man on the face of the earth – oh yeah, and the most enormous bullfrogs you will ever see. Word to the wise: don't swim in the pool after dark.
She loves to hear from her readers and can be reached at: http://www.patriciaaknight.com. She also loves email and can be reached at patriciaknight190@gmail.com.
Not one boring moment in this book.
I wouldn't call it fast paced, but I wouldn't call it slow paced either. This is the Goldie locks of books. The author puts amazing, tireless effort researching the time period and presenting wonderful characters, complete with accurate language in a seamless story. It had me entertained through the night. The beautiful words!
This is a book in which every word counts. Not only that, but I learned new words from an older time.
Technically, this is not Victorian or Regency but this historical runs along that vein. The description of dress put me in a time and place like no other. I was surrounded by this book. For the time I read it, I was Rutledge, the manor and town Eleanor called home.
The author proves her research in the back of the book with a glossary of terms, an explanation of what the times were like and other goodies I found interesting. She really knows her stuff!
Here's the important stuff you want to know:
The strong female lead has many likable and relatable qualities. The charming hero has a background to make the conditions of the marriage for money feasible. There is no cheating. The hero likes Eleanor for who she is. This has a happy ending and there is more to come. There are sex scenes so it's not recommended for people under eighteen years of age. There is only mutual sexual consent that is exquisitely done and the sex is not overly graphic. While the book is a stand-alone and Eleanor and Miles have their happy ending, the book ends with a cliff hanger for the next book in the series which will undoubtedly be the oldest son, Duncan.
I Recommend this to Readers of:
Dashing Dukes
Wordsmiths
Excerpt of A Husband for Hire by Patricia A. Knight
© Patricia A. Knight
London, late February 1814
"These are the best marital prospects you can discover? In all of London?"
The Lady Eleanor Constance Russell, sole offspring of The Right Honorable Earl of Rutledge and The Right Honorable Countess of Rutledge slapped the sheet of paper she'd been reading down on top of the mahogany desk and bestowed on her London barrister the look of a woman at her wit's end. Grief for her dying parents and a sense of utter desperation had driven her to actions she considered borderline insanity. If she accepted any of the names on this list, she might as well rent rooms in Bedlam. Eleanor fought the hysteria surging in her breast and tried for a more cajoling tone. "Surely you can come up with more worthy candidates?"
The barrister who had served her family for the last forty years sat immobile in his great chair, hunkered down behind his great desk, his hands steepled in front of his narrow-lipped mouth. "This was no small task you set before me, Lady Russell. We are at war with France. Many of our most eligible men fill our army and navy."
Her troubled gaze swung outward. Outside the windows of Elsington & Elsington, the London hansom cabs clopped past in the traffic-clogged street. Everyone had business to conduct it seemed. With a heavy sigh, she returned to the issue that had torn her away from the bedside of her failing but beloved parents and the celebrated stud farm into which she'd poured twenty-plus years of her life.
Her eyes flicked to the sheet in front of her, and she jabbed at it with an index finger. "Sir Clive Wellery. Fifty-six years of age, just interred his fourth wife, has no property of worth, eleven dependents ranging in age from two months to twenty-two years, known for a propensity to overindulge in spirits and gambling, currently renting a six-bedroom house in Bloomsbury." She shuddered and whispered, "Eleven children." Her eyes rose and gazed at the gentleman across the desk from her then dropped back to the paper.
"Lord Hilary Vance. Sixty-four years of age, of no property or spouse. No dependents, an unfortunate victim of the 'China disease.'" She cleared her throat. "I understand there is no opium den he does not frequent."
The barrister sat motionless in his chair and gave her a disapproving frown. She rolled her eyes. "I am thirty-years-old, sir. I'm not an ignorant debutante."
"I disapprove of your unorthodox education, Ma'am. It did you a great disservice, and so I told your father."
You old fusspot. Eleanor swallowed her retort and returned her gaze to the page on the desk. "And then there is Sir Aubrey Dedham… really, Mr. Elsington? Really? The fellow lives at the molly houses." She frowned as her barrister stirred awkwardly in his high-backed chair. "Did you think I didn't know the meaning of the term? How am I supposed to persuade a sodomite into marriage with a woman when he is not inclined toward women in the first place?" She scowled. "Though perhaps my possessing no feminine attributes is a recommendation."
"Lady Russell, please…"
Eleanor held up a gloved hand. "Stop. I know what you are going to say. £30,000 will make any man blind. And this last entry." She sighed and relaxed her upright spine for one moment before resuming her erect posture and folding her hands in her lap. "This last marital candidate." She could feel the heat climb her neck into her cheeks at the thought of a man that elegant ever giving her a second look and if he did… she'd probably turn and flee.
"The Lord Miles Everleigh, twenty-five, the third of four sons, whose eldest brother is the new Duke of Chelsony. I understand Lord Miles lives on the charity of "friends" in return for his convivial companionship and educated guidance on the purchase of fine bloodstock. What could induce…"
She closed her eyes and fought back the tears that threatened. How had she come to this? Was she going to go through with an action that in her more rational moments caused her to lose the contents of her stomach? In short, yes. The alternative was even more appalling.
One thought of the manor house with its 100,000 acres of attached properties and villages all peopled with men and women who relied on her family for their livelihood... the thought of all this reverting to the Crown because of some quirk in the laws of primogeniture? Accompanying the loss would be the upheaval and complete displacement of the lovely Thoroughbred mares and stallions of impeccable breeding whose pedigrees she could recite to the nth generation and all their offspring, in short, the entire racing stud she'd helped her father make so fabulously successful. Well, it was enough to make anyone cry.
Despite having three torturous seasons on the marriage mart ten years ago, no eligible man—there'd been numerous made ineligible by virtue of being unacceptable to her parents or unacceptable to her—had stepped forward with an offer to make her his wife. All the wealth and property she would bring with her was insufficient incentive to overcome her plain features, awkward deportment and utter lack of the slightest feminine attribute, so… she'd have to buy a husband—and soon. With no male heir, upon the death of her father, the estate, and all its entailed properties would be subject to the peregrinations of escheat.
"Mr. Elsington…please. What could possibly recommend me to Lord Miles Everleigh? Even rusticating as I have been, I hear the on-dits about the ever-so-handsome and sophisticated Lord Miles Everleigh. There will always be other options for a man like this, much better options than a gawky plank of an ape-leader with shriveled social skills who reeks of the stables and is his senior by five years."
The man across from her cleared his throat. "My lady…if I may be allowed…" He looked over his pince-nez. "The marriage agreement that you have required me to draw up demands a gentleman of a certain …" He shifted uncomfortably. "Ah…"
"Let me assist you. The word you want is desperation. It wants a gentleman who has reached a point of desperation. Well, Mr. Elsington, find more candidates. This week. I'm running out of time."
"Err, yes, Lady Russell. Quite." His eyes softened. "How is your father, my lady?"
Eleanor dropped her eyes and fought for composure until she was sure she could speak without succumbing to tears. "The physicians tell me, 'at most a few months'. He could go at any time."
"My sincere regrets, ma'am. Lord Rutledge is a fine gentleman."
With a murmur of thanks, she inhaled and rose to her full height. Mr. Elsington was not a short man, but as he stood to escort her out, she topped him by a full head, reminding her yet again of her abysmal lack of any physical feature possessed by an even a moderately desirable woman. She hardened her jaw as she marched out of the law offices to her waiting carriage. There was no point in dwelling on a source of immense hurt that her adoring parents and formidable fortune hadn't protected her from, nor the reasons for her present desperate action. She decided on the instant to go to the one place in all of London where she'd always felt at home regardless of the strictures of polite society and Richard Tattersal's distinct lack of welcome for those of her sex.
"Take me to Tattersalls, John. They have advertised some young breeding stock I want to inspect. We need some outside lines to cross on Dare To Dream."
"Yes, your ladyship." With a tip of his beaver brim, he helped her into the carriage and climbed onto the box. At John Coachman's instruction, the groom stepped away from the leaders, sprang to the back of the carriage and the team of beautifully matched bays stepped smartly away.
Buy This Book Right Now!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The standardized normal distribution is a type of normal distribution, with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1. It represents a distribution of standardized scores, called z-scores, as opposed to raw scores (the actual data values). A z-score indicates the number of standard deviation a score falls above or below the mean. Z-scores allow for comparison of scores, occurring in different data sets, with different means and standard deviations. It would not make sense to compare apples and oranges. Likewise, it does not make sense to compare scores from two different samples that have different means and standard deviations. Z-scores can be looked up in a Z-Table of Standard Normal Distribution, in order to find the area under the standard normal curve, between a score and the mean, between two scores, or above or below a score. The standard normal distribution allows us to interpret standardized scores and provides us with one table that we may use, in order to compute areas under the normal curve, for an infinite number of data sets, no matter what the mean or standard deviation.
A z-score is calculated as z=x−μσz=x−μσ. The score itself can be found by using algebra and solving for x. Multiplying both sides of the equation by σ gives: (z)(σ)=x−μ(z)(σ)=x−μ. Adding μ to both sides of the equation gives μ+(z)(σ)=xμ+(z)(σ)=x.
we can solve for z.
We have determined that the score of 11 falls 3 standard deviations above the mean of 5.
With a standard normal distribution, we indicate the distribution by writing Z ~ N(0, 1) which shows the normal distribution has a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1. This notation simply indicates that a standard normal distribution is being used.
z=x – μσ.z=x – μσ.
The z-score tells you how many standard deviations the value x is above, to the right of, or below, to the left of, the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z-scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z-scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a z-score of zero.
When determining the z-score for an x-value, for a normal distribution, with a given mean and standard deviation, the notation above for a normal distribution, will be given.
This means that x = 17 is two standard deviations (2σ) above, or to the right, of the mean μ = 5.
Notice that 5 + (2)(6) = 17. The pattern is μ + zσ = x.
Now suppose x = 1. Then, z = x–μσx–μσ = 1–561–56 = –0.67, rounded to two decimal places.
This means that x = 1 is 0.67 standard deviations (–0.67σ) below or to the left of the mean μ = 5. This z-score shows that x = 1 is less than 1 standard deviation below the mean of 5. Therefore, the score doesn't fall very far below the mean.
Summarizing, when z is positive, x is above or to the right of μ, and when z is negative, x is to the left of or below μ. Or, when z is positive, x is greater than μ, and when z is negative, x is less than μ. The absolute value of z indicates how far the score is from the mean, in either direction.
What is the z-score of x, when x = 1 and X ~ N(12, 3)?
Some doctors believe that a person can lose five pounds, on average, in a month by reducing his or her fat intake and by consistently exercising. Suppose weight loss has a normal distribution. Let X = the amount of weight lost, in pounds, by a person in a month. Use a standard deviation of two pounds. X ~ N(5, 2). Fill in the blanks.
a. Suppose a person lost 10 pounds in a month. The z-score when x = 10 pounds is z = 2.5 (verify). This z-score tells you that x = 10 is ________ standard deviations to the ________ (right or left) of the mean _____ (What is the mean?).
a. This z-score tells you that x = 10 is 2.5 standard deviations to the right of the mean five.
b. Suppose a person gained three pounds, a negative weight loss. Then z = __________. This z-score tells you that x = –3 is ________ standard deviations to the __________ (right or left) of the mean.
b. z = –4. This z-score tells you that x = –3 is four standard deviations to the left of the mean.
c. Suppose the random variables X and Y have the following normal distributions: X ~ N(5, 6) and Y ~ N(2, 1). If x = 17, then z = 2. This was previously shown. If y = 4, what is z?
c. z = y−μσy−μσ = 4−214−21 = 2, where µ = 2 and σ = 1.
The z-score for y = 4 is z = 2. This means that four is z = 2 standard deviations to the right of the mean. Therefore, x = 17 and y = 4 are both two of their own standard deviations to the right of their respective means.
The z-score allows us to compare data that are scaled differently. To better understand the concept, suppose X ~ N(5, 6) represents weight gains for one group of people who are trying to gain weight in a six-week period and Y ~ N(2, 1) measures the same weight gain for a second group of people. A negative weight gain would be a weight loss. Since x = 17 and y = 4 are each two standard deviations to the right of their means, they represent the same, standardized weight gain relative to their means.
Jerome averages 16 points a game with a standard deviation of four points. X ~ N(16, 4). Suppose Jerome scores 10 points in a game. The z-score when x = 10 is –1.5. This score tells you that x = 10 is _____ standard deviations to the ______ (right or left) of the mean______ (What is the mean?).
About 68 percent of the x values lie between –1σ and +1σ of the mean µ (within one standard deviation of the mean).
About 95 percent of the x values lie between –2σ and +2σ of the mean µ (within two standard deviations of the mean).
About 99.7 percent of the x values lie between –3σ and +3σ of the mean µ (within three standard deviations of the mean). Notice that almost all the x values lie within three standard deviations of the mean.
The z-scores for +1σ and –1σ are +1 and –1, respectively.
The z-scores for +2σ and –2σ are +2 and –2, respectively.
The z-scores for +3σ and –3σ are +3 and –3, respectively.
So, in other words, this is that about 68 percent of the values lie between z-scores of –1 and 1, about 95% of the values lie between z-scores of –2 and 2, and about 99.7 percent of the values lie between z-scores of –3 and 3. These facts can be checked, by looking up the mean to z area in a z-table for each positive z-score and multiplying by 2.
The empirical rule is also known as the 68–95–99.7 rule.
The mean height of 15- to 18-year-old males from Chile in 2009 to 2010 was 170 cm with a standard deviation of 6.28 cm. Male heights are known to follow a normal distribution. Let X = the height of a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile in 2009–2010. Then X ~ N(170, 6.28).
a. Suppose a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile was 168 cm tall from 2009–2010. The z-score when x = 168 cm is z = _______. This z-score tells you that x = 168 is ________ standard deviations to the ________ (right or left) of the mean _____ (What is the mean?).
b. Suppose that the height of a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile in 2009–2010 has a z-score of z = 1.27. What is the male's height? The z-score (z = 1.27) tells you that the male's height is ________ standard deviations to the __________ (right or left) of the mean.
Suppose a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile was 176 cm tall in 2009–2010. The z-score when x = 176 cm is z = _______. This z-score tells you that x = 176 cm is ________ standard deviations to the ________ (right or left) of the mean _____ (What is the mean?).
Suppose that the height of a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile in 2009–2010 has a z-score of z = –2. What is the male's height? The z-score (z = –2) tells you that the male's height is ________ standard deviations to the __________ (right or left) of the mean.
From 1984 to 1985, the mean height of 15- to 18-year-old males from Chile was 172.36 cm, and the standard deviation was 6.34 cm. Let Y = the height of 15- to 18-year-old males from 1984–1985, and y = the height of one male from this group. Then Y ~ N(172.36, 6.34).
The mean height of 15- to 18-year-old males from Chile in 2009–2010 was 170 cm with a standard deviation of 6.28 cm. Male heights are known to follow a normal distribution. Let X = the height of a 15- to 18-year-old male from Chile in 2009–2010, and x = the height of one male from this group. Then X ~ N(170, 6.28).
Find the z-scores for x = 160.58 cm and y = 162.85 cm. Interpret each z-score. What can you say about x = 160.58 cm and y = 162.85 cm as they compare to their respective means and standard deviations?
The z-score for x = 160.58 cm is z = –1.5.
The z-score for y = 162.85 cm is z = –1.5.
Both x = 160.58 and y = 162.85 deviate the same number of standard deviations from their respective means and in the same direction.
In 2012, 1,664,479 students took the SAT exam. The distribution of scores in the verbal section of the SAT had a mean µ = 496 and a standard deviation σ = 114. Let X = a SAT exam verbal section score in 2012. Then, X ~ N(496, 114).
Find the z-scores for x1 = 325 and x2 = 366.21. Interpret each z-score. What can you say about x1 = 325 and x2 = 366.21, as they compare to their respective means and standard deviations?
Suppose x has a normal distribution with mean 50 and standard deviation 6.
About 68 percent of the x values lie within one standard deviation of the mean. Therefore, about 68 percent of the x values lie between –1σ = (–1)(6) = –6 and 1σ = (1)(6) = 6 of the mean 50. The values 50 – 6 = 44 and 50 + 6 = 56 are within one standard deviation from the mean 50. The z-scores are –1 and +1 for 44 and 56, respectively.
About 95 percent of the x values lie within two standard deviations of the mean. Therefore, about 95 percent of the x values lie between –2σ = (–2)(6) = –12 and 2σ = (2)(6) = 12. The values 50 – 12 = 38 and 50 + 12 = 62 are within two standard deviations from the mean 50. The z-scores are –2 and +2 for 38 and 62, respectively.
About 99.7 percent of the x values lie within three standard deviations of the mean. Therefore, about 95 percent of the x values lie between –3σ = (–3)(6) = –18 and 3σ = (3)(6) = 18 of the mean 50. The values 50 – 18 = 32 and 50 + 18 = 68 are within three standard deviations from the mean 50. The z-scores are –3 and +3 for 32 and 68, respectively.
Suppose X has a normal distribution with mean 25 and standard deviation five. Between what values of x do 68 percent of the values lie?
From 1984–1985, the mean height of 15- to 18-year-old males from Chile was 172.36 cm, and the standard deviation was 6.34 cm. Let Y = the height of 15- to 18-year-old males in 1984–1985. Then Y ~ N(172.36, 6.34).
About 68 percent of the y values lie between what two values? These values are ________________. The z-scores are ________________, respectively.
About 95 percent of the y values lie between what two values? These values are ________________. The z-scores are ________________ respectively.
About 99.7 percent of the y values lie between what two values? These values are ________________. The z-scores are ________________, respectively.
About 68 percent of the values lie between 166.02 cm and 178.7 cm. The z-scores are –1 and 1.
About 95 percent of the values lie between 159.68 cm and 185.04 cm. The z-scores are –2 and 2.
About 99.7 percent of the values lie between 1153.34 cm and 191.38 cm. The z-scores are –3 and 3.
The scores on a college entrance exam have an approximate normal distribution with mean, µ = 52 points and a standard deviation, σ = 11 points.
About 95 percent of the y values lie between what two values? These values are ________________. The z-scores are ________________, respectively.


The list of presidents who have won the White House without winning their home state is short, but it could get one name longer tonight.
CBS News has projected that Donald Trump will lose his home state of New York to Hillary Clinton. That means if he wins, he'll take the White House without the support of his state of residency.
Only three candidates have done that before.
James Polk lost his home state of Tennessee to Henry Clay in 1844, and Woodrow Wilson lost New Jersey to Charles Evan Hughes in 1916.
Richard Nixon is the third candidate to lose at home, but win the country. He lost New York in 1968, his state of residency at the time.
Most people think of California when they think of Nixon, which is the state he represented in the House and Senate. He even ran a failed bid for governor there. But when he lost the governor's race in 1962, he moved to New York to work for a law firm. When he won the presidency in 1968, that was his legal home.
So while a home state loss might be embarrassing, it doesn't make winning the White House impossible... just rare.


*This training has been sponsored by Robertson Hall. This training has been specifically created for Robertson Hall clients. Robertson Hall CPP Members have exclusive pricing. Please contact Robertson Hall to receive more information.
This annual Plan to Protect® Refresher Training is designed for those who work with children, youth and vulnerable adults in Canada. Annual refresher training helps to reinforce and update previous abuse prevention training. This training meets insurance requirements and is part of striving for the HIGHEST STANDARD of protection.This training contains three modules: Awareness, Protection and Prevention.
During the first module, we will raise the awareness of abuse and the need to protect the vulnerable sector. With a deeper understanding and awareness of abuse we will see the need for this training, program and the need for abuse prevention. We will also learn about insurance requirements to qualify for abuse coverage.
During the second module, we will review how to protect those that are currently being abused, by reviewing the different types of abuse, indicators to watch for to recognize abuse and the legal requirements for reporting abuse.
During the third module, we will cover the latest and best practices for preventing abuse among children, youth and vulnerable adults. Prevention procedures will reduce the risk of abuse.
After each module you will be directed to the testing component of the training. This will include a short case study and quiz questions. You will need to complete the quiz with a score of 60% prior to moving onto the next module. To receive a certificate of completion, once you have successfully completed the course, you will need to achieve an 80% average score. A certificate will provide proof to your organization that you have successfully completed the course. This will also demonstrate that you understand the importance of vulnerable sector protection and abuse prevention.


Today, let's about potential reasons why your Pinterest account may be stuck.
There are some super simple to fix mistakes you may be making that are impacting your Pinterest account.
The Smart Feed (Pinterest's algorithm) values pinners who are pinning on a consistent basis.
They'll end up showing your pins more in the Smart Feed if you are pinning on a consistent basis.
How much should you be pinning?
If you're just starting out, I would pin 5 times per day (a mix of your content and other people's content).
If you're a bit more advanced, you can pin up to 30 times per day.
I know that seems INSANE, but it's all scheduled with Tailwind so I'm not literally on my computer pinning every hour of the day.
Tailwind is a Pinterest scheduling tool that is super simple to use and I highly recommend checking it out for the scheduling feature, as well as the Tailwind Tribe feature, which will help you increase your Pinterest reach.
Pinterest is a search engine, just like Google.
If you want your pins to show up, you need to make sure that you're using keywords effectively on your Pinterest account.
Every single time you upload a pin, you should make sure that your Pin description is keyword rich AND has a call to action.
My call to action is always to get the pinner to repin and click through to read the post.
If you give too much information away on the pin itself, the pinner doesn't have a reason to actually read your post.
Give them enough information to pique their curiosity so they'll want to check out the blog post.
The riches are in the niches. You can't be all things to all people.
If you want your Pinterest account to take off, you must be niched down.
When I was in my fitness business, I was trying to teach general health and fitness tips with little results.
When I niched down to teaching keto (high fat low carb) and intermittent fasting, my traffic exploded and my email list grew like crazy.
Think about the content that you're posting. Is it too generic? Can you niche it down even more?
I don't mean to be blunt lol, but if your pins aren't on point, you're not gonna get results.
You don't have to get an art degree or anything, but you do need to know the basics of creating a great quality pin that stops your ideal clients scroll.
I call them 'stop the scroll worthy'.
Most pinners are scrolling on their phone, and you want your image to stand out enough that your ideal client actually stops their scroll, reads the pin description, and then clicks through to the blog post.
Talk to me. Have you been making any of these mistakes? Which tip will you implement first?


The MBS offers a range of opportunities for current and incoming students.
As week 11 draws to a close, the MBSSA reflect upon the semester, specifically upon some of the most-value adding events offered to students. One of the largest professional experiences provided is the MBSSA Case Competition.
put theory into practice to deliver innovative solutions to a real-world business case presented by Ericsson. A big thanks to the other key partners, the Melbourne Business School, Accenture and 180 Degrees Consulting.
Current student, Angie Zhang has been extremely involved with Case Competitions throughout her university experience. Head here to view her thoughts!
Teammates Zelin Chen, Angie Zhang, Maria Pilar and Karla Caraan with MBS Deputy Dean Nasser Spear, Senior Manager at Accenture Bhaskar Puranik and Head of Innovation at Ericsson Australia & NewZealand, Sarah Goss.
Masters is a prime opportunity to make wonderful memories and connections that will remain with you for many years to come. We recognise, however, that at times it can be daunting. So if you are a student still trying to find your feet, check out our top tips for diving into the MBSSA community. We start of with some tips for maximising your social experience.
University clubs cater for a range of different academic and non-academic interests. From pilates to actuarial studies, there is sure to be something that takes your interest! At the MBSSA, we place great value on engaging new members, thus, we can guarantee that every effort will be made to make you feel at home. A great way to meet individuals with similar passions or hobbies as yourself is to come along to our regular MBSSA events.
So many wonderful things can come from simply starting a conversation with the person next to you. Countless long-term friendships have started in the lecture/tutorial room, making one's university experience that little bit more complete. As intimidating as speaking to a stranger may be, take reassurance that 99% of the time, that person is in the exact same position, new and wanting meet new people but too shy to make it happen. Connection opens the door to further networking opportunities, events and involvement so do it and see what happens!
The beauty of Masters is that everyone is at a level of maturity where judgement is deemed pointless. Want the tutor to repeat a point? Particularly interested in a topic and want to put forth your opinion? Go for it! Students at a Masters level are there because they genuinely want to be, thus, your contribution is likely to be of great benefit to those around you.
Yet another grievance frequently echoed by former undergrad students is that they missed out because they simply did not get the memo that certain opportunities were available at their university. In this day and age, the key to staying aware and avoiding 'FOMO' is to like/follow relevant organisations! Ensure that you visit join any major faculty social networking platforms, including Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram, as well as subscribing to mailing lists. The more platforms you visit, the more exposure you will have to all that is going on within your faculty and wider university community. A great place to start is by liking and following the MBS Student Association Facebook page, Instagram and LinkedIn as we are continuously updating our pages with upcoming events in the MBSSA community.
Many university students underestimate the value that their skills and knowledge hold for employees. There is a plethora of internships and employment opportunities out there aimed directly at student involvement. This is the point where you stop doubting yourself and dive in. Career experience during university can act to solidify knowledge attained in the classroom setting and allow a truly 'hands-on' experience. University career portals is your first port of call, you've got nothing to lose!
Members of the MBSSA community s tend to gravitate towards and seek out opportunities to volunteer. Giving back or helping those in need, allows you to actively contribute to society and provides an extreme sense of fulfilment. A quick google can reveal volunteering opportunities, or else, many student committees are aligned with volunteer work.
MBSSA is proud to regularly engage with Sacred Heart Mission. Every day of the year, Sacred Heart Mission helps hundreds of homeless and disadvantaged individuals find their feet by offering them shelter, food and care in an environment that is welcoming, supportive and non-judgemental. Keep an eye on the MBSSA socials for the next round of registration for this invaluable opportunity to give back.


Tasco Spotting Scopes are designed especially for birding and wildlife observation. Quality coated optics in Tasco Spotting Scopes give crisp, clear views. Tasco Spotting Scopes have excellent eye relief, large exit pupils and a quality tripod offer hours of comfortable, steady viewing.
Tasco World Class spotting scopes a very affordably priced zoom spotting scopes designed for birding. World Class scopes come with 20-60x zoom eyepieces and either 60-mm or 80-mm objective lenses in both angled and straight configurations. World Class spotting scopes are sold in kits including a hard case and a convertible window mount/table-top tripod.


text:
Full Review - SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4
January 08, 2022 • SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4
The brand-new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia series, which delivered to European buyers in mid-2020, is completely unafraid of the booming sales of recreational vehicles in the market, and is still the brand's best-selling car series. In Asian market, we have been looking forward to it and finally we have a chance to have a try on this.
It is undeniable that there are more and more options for medium-sized station wagons in the market, However, the main reason for the high popularity of the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia Combi is that in addition to the advantages of larger size, better space performance and more comprehensive safety protection system at the same price with High-end equipment can be seen on the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia Combi.
For example, the front/rear LED lamps are not only the trend of new car equipment, but the Matrix LED smart compound-eye headlights and rear dynamic turn indicators, which were only available in luxury brands in the past, are standard features of the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia Combi. Of course, the most indispensable roof rack for station wagons, the new SKODA Octavia Combi also adopts a new design that reduces wind resistance and is flatly fixed to the roof, creating a more concise and smooth look.
Moreover, the test drive SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4 is quite sincere with upgraded wheel frame to 19-inch Becrux style. As for the exterior design, those who are still a little impressed by the SKODA Octavia Combi 3.5 will actually feel that the new car has finally returned to the style that SKODA should have, and the re-sculpted hood fold line and car side shoulder line are more youthful and stylish. Don't lose stability.
Since the Scala, the console design style of SKODA's new car has changed significantly, using multi-level parallel lines to create a comfortable visual experience. In the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia, the proportion of the central control model is enlarged not only because of the difference in the car frame, but also with unique denim texture, silver trim, multi-mode LED ambient lights in the surrounding cabin, chrome trim on the inner door and leather The combination of seats creates unexpected innovation and maintains a luxurious style. Digital cockpit technology is of course also a major selling point in the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia. In addition to the 10.25-inch full-screen full-color digital instrumentation and CNS 3.5-generation 10.0-inch touch-sensitive multimedia console as standard equipment, the newly added gesture With the voice control function, it also greatly improves the convenience of use. In particular, many imported cars require an optional HUD projection display, which is standard on the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia.
As for the differences in the interior of the top model SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4, in fact, only the HOD capacitive-sensing three-spoke sports-style flat-handle leather multi-function steering wheel (1.5 TSI e-TEC is also standard), electric adjustable front seats and memory seats and Three-zone constant temperature air conditioner, etc. Others such as Touch Slider digital touch bar, mobile phone wireless charging pad and front/rear seat dual USB jacks (Type-C specification) are standard equipment. The new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia Combi actually only increases the body length by 19mm and the wheelbase by 6mm, but the same is still the best car in its class. Regardless of the rear seat ride performance or the rear luggage volume, all focus on family use. Car buyers greatly appreciate the focus. Of course, in terms of data, such as 320mm of knee space for rear passengers, 640L of standard rear compartment, and 1,700L of seatback leveling, it is needed to mention it for sure :)
The station wagon should not only be handsome in appearance, but also have a little bit of performance in power. The 2.0 TSI turbocharged engine that only SKODA Octavia Combi has, has a maximum horsepower of 190hp and a peak torque output of 32.7kgm, with a seven-speed dual-clutch automatic transmission and a 4x4 full-time four-wheel drive system, it only takes 7.4 seconds to complete 0- 100km/h acceleration, top speed can reach 229km/h. At this price, the SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4 has no direct rival at all.
In terms of actual driving experience, the power transmission characteristics of the SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4 are still mild, and even with the blessing of four-wheel drive, there will be no sudden and violent acceleration. At the same time, the Driving Mode Selection, which is only available in this car, provides four options: energy saving, general, sport, and personalization, which can change the response of the accelerator and transmission system according to different road conditions and driving preferences.
In particular, the full-time four-wheel drive system can endow the SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4 with better dynamic response. Under certain conditions, 100% of the torque can be transmitted to the rear axle. Combined with the EDL electronic differential lock, it can convert up to 85 % of torque is transmitted to a single wheel. Simply put, through instant torque distribution, the vehicle no longer feels heavy when cornering, especially the station wagon is the most popular and increases the handling flexibility.
Although the SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4 wheel frame has been upgraded to 19 inches, the appearance is full of visual tension and the road texture is very clear, but because the suspension system is still oriented towards comfort, the center of gravity shift is slightly more obvious when cornering quickly. It is worth mentioning that the cabin quietness of the new generation SKODA Octavia, such as the sound transmission of the engine room, has indeed improved, but there is still room for improvement in the noise isolation performance of the wheel arch at high speed.
Starting from the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia, the driver assistance system has also been upgraded to a new generation of smart EYE intelligent driving assistance technology. All models will be equipped with full-speed ACC active fixed-speed follow-up, AEB emergency braking assistance, Front Assist front assist, Lane Assist Protection systems such as Lane Keeping and Departure Warning, Side Assist, Side Blind Spot Warning, Exit Warning, and RTA Rear Traffic Alert are standard equipment.
The focus is on the Travel Assist intelligent vehicle array assistance system, which is only available in the group's mid- and high-end models. Only by pressing a single button on the steering wheel and setting the speed, you can turn on the ACC active constant speed follow-up, Lane Assist lane maintenance and other related functions. Driving assistance at Level 2 can greatly reduce driver fatigue whether cruising at medium or high speed or encountering congested traffic, but remember to remain alert and keep your hands off the steering wheel.
Not to mention the top version of the SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4, which is a test drive, all models are equipped with standard driver assistance systems, Matrix LED smart compound eye headlights, high-brightness LED taillights, a complete digital cockpit, and a new generation of voice control. The system, many convenient equipment, etc., coupled with a reasonable price, make the new fourth-generation SKODA Octavia a landmark product in its class.
2023 CNY Arrangement
Full Review - 2023 Audi Q5 40 TFSI Quattro
Golf R vs Golf GTI
Grab this Promo Codes (That Work!) - Pinalloy Auto Accessoires
Give us 4 sec and I am sure you will get a good laugh LOL
2022 electric cars
2023 Audi Q5 40 TFSI Quattro
best electric cars 2021
car noise
Carbon ABS Cover
Carbon Shift Knob Cover
DSG Gearbox
DSG Paddle Shift Extensions
DSG Paddle Shifter Extenders
DynaBlink Sequential turn signal
Emblem Sticker
Engine Start Switch Button
Forged Carbon Steering Wheel
FunnyCarVideos
GolfR
GT Premium
How to Use Paddle Shifters
MK7 Mods
More revision on VW MK7
Most trending auto accessories
OEM Emblem
payment system maintenance
Pinalloy Accessoires
POV test drive with MK7
SKODA Octavia Combi 2.0 TSI 4x4
sound proof
Steering Wheel Emblem Sticker for VW
Steering Wheel Paddle Shifters
Tesla's biggest rival
Types of vehicles
vehicle noise
Volkswagen Polo 230 TSI Tech
Volkswagen Polo 230 TSI Test Drive review
What are paddle shifters
What are some cool car accessories?
What are some cool things to add to your car?
What are the changes from MK6 to MK7
When should I shift my paddle shifter?
Why do VW MK7 models so popular


The Federal Reserve seems committed to ratcheting down its acquisition of Treasuries and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) as long as growth remains at least at 2013 levels and also likely to taper down its extra purchases to zero by the end of the year which will put some upward pressure on long-term interest rates. But the effect of Fed actions on MBS yields in the short term are likely to be mitigated by a recent decline in new issuances related to a seasonal slowdown of new purchase mortgages and a drop in refinancing because of higher interest rates.
Also global capital market investors have shifted funds into Treasuries and other fixed-income assets out of concern over emerging market growth. Even as the Fed began to taper at the beginning of the year 10-year Treasury yields and mixed rate mortgage rates generally have eased; down about 0.3 percentage points over January and early February. This has resulted in an increase in mortgage application volume of 20 percent and applications for refinancing rising by 28 percent.
This increase, the economists say, underscores that a significant amount of potential refinancing is out there. Of the outstanding 30-year MBS for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae, over $800 billion have a coupon of at least 5.0 percent. Even after accounting for servicing and other fees many of the mortgages underlying these securities should have incentive to refinance, provided borrowers can qualify in the current credit environment.
Rising mortgage rates in the second half of 2013 "stunted" the housing recovery, and new homes sales fell by 7 percent in December. Existing home sales reached a 2013 peak of 5.4 million annualized sales in August and have declined nearly 10 percent since then although some of the decline can be attributed to unusually bad winter weather in some areas. Nothaft and Kiefer note that while total home sales are approaching the normal historical range, it is the composition of those sales, new versus existing, that is outside of the normal range. "We expect overall home sales to rise about 5 percent in 2014 relative to last year, with about a 3 percent rise in existing home sales coupled with a 30 percent jump in new home sales," they say. They also expect that the elevated rate of cash sales – about 30 percent of home purchases will decline with more new homes sales and a larger share of home sales will be financed with a mortgage in 2014.


text:
Home Amino Acids Kids Complete Review
Kids Complete Review
Kids Complete is supposed to be the best tasting gummy multivitamin, made with premium ingredients, and without artificial colors or flavors. It's manufactured by California company SmartyPants. They distribute their products to the United States and China and it's easy to get in touch. They have multiple emails, social media accounts, phone number, and an address with clear business hours. The company also has a much larger team than many supplement companies trying to market new products, which may contribute to their noticeable success.
Kids Complete contains the following ingredients: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Thiamin, Vitamin B-6, Folic acid, Vitamin B-12, Iodine, Zinc, Sodium, Fish Oil (anchovy and sardine), EPA, DHA, Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Choline, Inositol, Organic Sugar, Organic Tapioca Syrup, Gelatin, Pectin, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Colors Aded (Organic Black Carrot Juice Concentrate, Annatto, Organic Turmeric), Calcium D-Pantothenate.
The Omega-3s are from wild caught anchovies and sardines, said to be from sustainable fisheries in Peru. There's more EPA (57 mg) than DHA (29 mg) with a total of 124 mg in Omega-3 fatty acids. DHA is extremely important in children, particularly those under the age of 5, because of its many benefits toward a child's development. EPA is important too, but for most children, DHA tends to provide more in enhancing the health of their brains and hearts. The Food and Nutrition board recommends different daily amounts of Omega-3 fatty acids for people, depending on their ages. Children who are 4 to 8 years old should get 900 mg a day, which Kids Complete doesn't even come close to providing, but it's within the minimum effective range. There's some evidence that even 100 to 160 mg a day of Omega-3s will help.
Three flavors (lemon, orange, strawberry banana) in gummy form, which makes them more appealing to children. The company says there is no taste of fish or vitamins since they break up each dose into multiple gummies.
Completely safe for children with allergies. The vitamins have no contact with peanuts, shellfish, milk, eggs, or other potential common allergens. Fish allergies should not be triggered, despite this product containing fish oil, because that oil is very highly refined. This product is also low in sugar.
Your child will have to eat 4 of these gummies a day for it to count as one serving. This may be a lot to remember for busy parents. Each bottle does hold 120 gummies, but it's really only a one month supply.
These vitamins are best for a small range of ages. Even there, the formula isn't perfect, as some ingredients need to have quantities that are less or more. More Omega-3s, for instance, would help greatly.
Kids Complete is a popular product with many reviews and testimonials talking about its benefits. Most people think the taste is great, children and parents alike, with one person saying they're like gumdrops. SmartyPants has a thorough testing process to ensure quality, along with certificates of compliance. Their nutrient guide is a useful reference for people not in the know regarding many nutrients, allowing parents to understand what's in the multivitamins they want to feed their children. Kids Complete is a quality product from a transparent company, and it's not easy to go wrong with buying a bottle.
Kids Complete (2.6) (2.6)
(Published on: August 11, 2016 5:10 pm)
Is Kids Complete Right For You?
Kids Complete is a gummy multivitamin and dietary supplement for children that's meant to be as comprehensive as possible. It's made in California and sold by SmartyPants, a communicative company in Marina Del Rey. SmartyPants supports multiple charities. They seem very responsive to feedback and are currently in the process of developing other versions of their gummy multivitamins, include vegetarian and Kosher versions.
Ingredients of Kids Complete
Kids Complete includes the following ingredients: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Thiamin, Vitamin B-6, Folic acid, Vitamin B-12, Iodine, Zinc, Sodium, Fish Oil (anchovy and sardine), EPA, DHA, Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Choline, Inositol, Organic Sugar, Organic Tapioca Syrup, Gelatin, Pectin, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Colors Aded (Organic Black Carrot Juice Concentrate, Annatto, Organic Turmeric), Calcium D-Pantothenate.
Effectiveness of Kids Complete
For children who would be taking this type of supplement, it's recommended that they have a daily intake of 200 mcg for vitamin B9. The B9 is also provided in the form of folic acid, which is often considered not to be optimal. Folic acid is common, but about half of the US population have difficulty in metabolizing it properly. This is due to genetic polymorphisms and there isn't any way around it. The best solution is, of course, to eat foods that are naturally high in B9, like spinach and rice. It's easier for the body to absorb and use natural forms of B9. Another option has been increasing in popularity, which is to use L-Methylfolate, the bioavailable form of folic acid. It's a little better than regular man-made folic acid. Kids Complete currently contains 267 mcg of folic acid per serving, instead of the folate version of B9.
B9 should also be balanced with B12 in some cases. Kids Complete contains 67 mcg of B12, considerably more than the recommended daily allowance of 1.2 mcg for children in the age range of 4 to 8. It isn't dangerous at this level, and all B vitamins are water soluble, but it's still slightly unnecessary to have this much of one vitamin in a supplement. Note that for children aged 3 or less, this product could be a choking hazard, so it's recommended that you talk to your doctor before purchasing a supplement.
Kids Complete Price
It's about average price for a daily supplement, since each bottle lasts for a month. A subscription plan is offered where you can get discounts for ordering multiple bottles at the same time. Since you can find this product in stores and on retailers like Amazon.com there's a chance you won't have to pay for shipping either.
Does Kids Complete Work?
Children seem to love the taste. Most reviews and testimonials are very positive. The critical comments mainly apply to old versions of Kids Complete, or the buyer didn't realize that one serving is 4 gummies. Some people incorrectly said that there are severe life threatening side effects from nutrients like folic acid. One person who left a one star review thought that citric acid was a form of gluten found in corn – but citric acid usually comes from fruits, and corn doesn't have any gluten that would affect anyone with Celiac's. So overall, the response to Kids Complete is overwhelmingly positive, and it seems like a quality multivitamin which is easy for children to take.
0 Kids Complete Reviews
Kids Complete or HCF?


text:
Овечкино — деревня в Зарайском районе Московской области в составе муниципального образования сельское поселение Машоновское (до 29 ноября 2006 года входила в состав Машоновского сельского округа), деревня связана автобусным сообщением с райцентром и соседними населёнными пунктами.

Население

География
Овечкино расположено в 5 км на северо-запад от Зарайска, на левом берегу Осетра, высота центра деревни над уровнем моря — 128 м.

История
Овечкино впервые упоминается в XVI веке. В 1790 году в деревне числилось 25 дворов и 239 жителей, в 1858 году — 16 дворов и 261 житель, в 1884 году — 263 жителя, в 1906 году — 46 дворов и 480 жителей. В 1932 году был образован колхоз «Путь Ильича», с 1960 года — в составе колхоза «Память Ильича».

Примечания

Населённые пункты Зарайского района


A continued look at pre-internet publisher's comics solicitations, this time Marvel Requirer Vol 1 Number 33 November 1992. Eight pages dedicated to origin stories of Spider-Man, Captain America and The Fantastic Four. Plus Marvel picking up Fish Police and A1.


Singles here at Date A Hermaphrodite have a vast variety of tags & interests. Just below is a directory of every one of the matching interests of the users here at Date A Hermaphrodite. Feel free to click around to look for other singles who have like minded interests to yourself. When you find the right match for you, don't forget to message them meet up with them tonight.


A fantastic, clear presentation of some basic copyright and publishing rights information that you may not know.
One of the fun things about going to writers' conferences as a publisher and editor as well as a poet is that I often get to give talks on the publishing end of literature. Of course, I love talking about the craft of writing, but I'm an odd duck in that I also happen to love the arcane details of publishing. One of the topics that writers typically want to discuss at conferences is that of rights. What are they, anyway? How do you know if you've used them? How does a writer protect her work?


Cool Hand Online Poker's games are played on the Internet, which reaches virtually every country in the world. Some of these jurisdictions have not yet addressed the legality of online Internet gaming, whilst some have specifically made Internet gaming illegal. In practical terms it is impossible for us to determine what the laws are in your jurisdiction, and whether it is legal, or not, for you to place a bet via the Internet.
Play on Cool Hand Online Poker's software is available only to persons older than 18 years of age, or the legal age of majority in their jurisdiction, whichever is greater. Minors may not, under any circumstances, play on Cool Hand Online Poker's software. All play by any ineligible person will be voided, including any winnings accruing to that person. We reserve the right to request proof of age at any stage in order to enforce the prohibition of casino play by minors.
Poker play at Cool Hand Online Poker is available only to persons resident in jurisdictions where such participation is legal and not prohibited.
Cool Hand Online Poker's employees, subsidiaries and affiliates, advertising or other agencies, licensees, licensors, distributors and any other associated or affiliated companies are not eligible to play on the casino software. The same shall apply to the immediate families of any such persons.
Participation on Cool Hand Online Poker's software is at the sole option, discretion and risk of the player. In particular, the player takes sole responsibility for determining the legality of real money play.
By placing real wagers, the player warrants that he/she is legally able to do so within his/her jurisdiction. In so doing he/she accepts that Cool Hand Online Poker is unable to provide any warranties regarding the legality or otherwise of any player's participation in real money play.
Opening an account at the poker room, either via the website or any other means.
Making use of any Guest or Real Money Account at the poker room.
Accepting any prize from the poker room.
If, while playing at Cool Hand Online Poker, you win a sum regarded by the Poker Management as worthy of publicity, you agree to make yourself available for any event of such a nature arranged by Cool Hand Online Poker. At all times Cool Hand Online Poker will do its utmost to protect your privacy.
The player becomes party to, and agrees to abide by all of the Rules, Terms and Conditions specified by Cool Hand Online Poker, including any revisions that may take place periodically. The player specifically agrees to abide by the rules of eligibility listed above.
The player agrees not to open, use or reuse an account at Cool Hand Online Poker, nor participate at Cool Hand Online Poker, nor accept any prize if he/she does not fully understand, agree to become party to, and abide by all Rules, Terms and Conditions specified or revised periodically on this website.
The player agrees to review at least once a month these Rules, Terms and Conditions as specified on this website. The player warrants that there are no legal or other restrictions or prohibitions against his/her participation at Cool Hand Online Poker within his/her jurisdiction. The player accepts that it is his/her sole responsibility to ascertain whether or not online gaming is legal in his/her jurisdiction.
The player will not allow any third party to use his/her account(s) at Cool Hand Online Poker, nor to make use of the software, nor to accept any prize from the casino. In particular, the player shall not allow any minor any form of access to any of the above.
The player indemnifies Cool Hand Online Poker, its employees, officers, directors and any and all associated or affiliated persons or organizations against any and all costs, expenses, liabilities and damages arising from any transaction of the player at Cool Hand Online Poker.
Participation at Cool Hand Online Poker.
Acceptance of any prize from this poker room.
Use or re-use of Cool Hand Online Poker's software, whether downloaded from the website or obtained by any other means.
The player specifically indemnifies Cool Hand Online Poker, its employees, officers, directors and any and all associated or affiliated persons or organizations against any and all costs, expenses, liabilities and damages arising from any legal or other action taken either by or against the player arising from any and all interaction with Cool Hand Online Poker and any of its employees, officers, directors and any and all associated or affiliated persons or organizations. Such action shall include (but not necessarily be limited to) any actions that might arise as a result of the criminalization of online/internet wagering within the player's jurisdiction.
In the event of the player applying for a Real Money Account at our poker room, the player in so doing authorizes us, and our designated agents, to investigate his/her creditworthiness in connection with the above application and any subsequent deposits that the player might make at the casino.