text:
Hampden-Sydney Campus Reopening Plan
COVID-19 Response 2020-21
Campus Reopening Plan
Following Governor Northam's release of the Commonwealth's guidelines for the reopening of Virginia's colleges and universities, Hampden-Sydney College has submitted an expansive reopening plan to the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia (SCHEV), created by the College's Critical Incident Management Team and the College's senior staff. We will continue to update it as we monitor the situation and receive additional guidance from the Commonwealth, the Department of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control.
This plan has been reviewed by the State Council of Higher Education (SCHEV) and has been found to be compliant in containing the required components of the 'Higher Education Reopening Guidance,' which was developed in consultation with the Virginia Department of Health.
Open full Campus Reopening Plan (pdf)
Hampden-Sydney is taking the necessary steps to address the health and well-being of the campus community. Here is how it will affect you.
Student Return to Campus / Move-In
Students are encouraged to quarantine for two weeks prior to returning to campus. Student Health Services requires all returning and incoming students to complete and submit a COVID-19 history form documenting possible illness and exposure. All parents and guests must perform a self-screening/symptom evaluation form before visiting and to bring a mask(s) for use on campus.
Additions to student packing list:
Disinfectant wipes and cleaning supplies
Acetaminophen and/or Ibuprofen Cough medicine, for example, Mucinex or Robitussin
Hand soap and hand sanitizer (at least 60 percent alcohol)
Preferred fluids for rehydration
Box of disposable gloves
Several cloth face masks or several boxes of one-time use, 3-ply paper masks
Quarantine bag: linens, towels, over-the-counter medications, thermometer, etc.
Students will move in during staggered move-in times. They will be provided with a daily self-symptom monitoring form that they will find in their dorm room.
Students will dine on a staggered meal service schedule.
All fall orientation student programming will adhere to guidelines for social distancing at social gatherings. Traditional large gatherings will be cancelled, conducted virtually, or reorganized in smaller groups to comply with related guidance.
New student orientation and specific training for upperclassmen will focus on the importance of social distancing, good hygiene, wearing face coverings, taking their temperature each morning, answering the questions on the daily self-symptom monitoring form, staying home if they are ill, quarantining, and not stigmatizing students who are ill.
Resident Assistants will emphasize and cultivate a stigma-free environment so not to discourage students from reporting illness.
The College is contracting with Kallaco Health & Technology to test all students upon or soon after their return to campus. Students are asked to minimize their contact off campus during their first week back and to not have visitors on campus during the first two weeks of class.
Physical and Social Distancing
All members of the Hampden-Sydney community should maintain a physical distance of at least 6 feet (about 2 arms' length) from others.
Members of the community are encouraged to communicate, whenever possible, by email, messaging, video-conferencing, telephone, or other available technology. The use of face coverings does not replace the need to maintain six feet of physical social distancing or other recommended measures.
Since Governor Northam's Executive Order 63 took effect, in addition to established social distancing requirements, the College requires all employees and others on campus to wear face masks when entering and exiting buildings, in public areas, and when meeting or working with others indoors, and anytime at least six-foot physical distancing cannot be maintained outdoors.
Masks must be worn so that both the nose and mouth are covered and remain covered. Multi-layer cloth masks have been found to be significantly more effective than neck gaiters and bandanas and are therefore required on campus. The CDC does not recommend using surgical masks or N-95 respirators, masks that have an exhalation valve or vent, or face shields as a substitute for masks.
Face coverings and social distancing will be required in residential common spaces, including bathrooms, lounges, kitchens, laundry rooms, and corridors outside of residence hall and college-owned house, apartment, and townhouse rooms.
Face coverings are required for students and faculty in all indoor classrooms at all times or in outdoor teaching spaces if six-foot social distancing cannot be maintained. If a faculty member wearing a face covering cannot be heard, he or she will contact the Dean of Faculty to discuss alternatives.
Face coverings are required in all dining facilities, except while eating or drinking in designated areas.
TigeRec and Leggett Pool employees must wear masks at all times. Patrons must wear masks at all times in TigeRec Fitness Center, and as they enter and exit the building. The use of a mask in the locker room is strongly encouraged.
Building and Grounds staff will wear face masks when working in campus building.
Classroom and Learning Environment
The 10-4 Academic Plan
Designed specifically for the fall semester, this plan will reduce the number of courses being taught at any point in the semester, reduce building occupancy, free up classroom space, and facilitate potential remote learning needed to accommodate individual faculty or student illness.
Daily class schedules have been modified to increase the time between classes to accommodate increased cleaning and travel time. Building traffic will be modified to allow one-way traffic flow through buildings. Students will be expected to clean their own desks and chairs at the beginning of each class period with materials provided in the classrooms.
Classroom spaces have been rearranged and reassigned to allow the requisite six-foot spacing between occupants. Class enrollments are limited as needed to maintain social distance. Weather and circumstances permitting, faculty are encouraged to hold class outdoors.
Teaching instruction and hands-on learning will be presented in ways to maintain physical distancing.
Other physical distancing expectations in academic spaces:
walking around rather than through academic buildings that are not the destination,
waiting outside rather than congregating in hallways before or between classes or meetings with faculty,
limiting elevator usage to one passenger at a time, and
limiting use to the maximum capacity noted at restrooms.
To cut down on shared surfaces, some classrooms have desks marked by color, specific to class period. Where possible, students and faculty members will not share workstations, computers, or other classroom equipment.
Faculty will offer online office hours, outdoor meetings, or meetings in a large open space (e.g., Bortz Library, Brown Student Center, or an empty classroom) that allows for social distancing.
Committees, departments, or other groups are encouraged to consider online meetings as well as outdoor or large, open indoor spaces for in-person meetings, when appropriate, to allow for social distancing.
Bortz Library
Students may access library resources and research assistance in person (maintaining physical distance and wearing a face covering) or by phone, email, or chat feature on the library's website. Library spaces and services have been arranged to allow for adequate space between patrons, including at service desks and seating areas.
Patrons are asked to be diligent about the following:
leave all furniture where it has been placed,
limit use of group study rooms to the posted occupancy,
use outside porch and covered areas as weather permits,
use book drop/equipment return areas rather than handing materials to staff members,
maximize use of electronic interlibrary loan services for articles and book chapters,
limit shared materials,
observe social distancing requirements, and
wear face coverings when using library services in person.
Events and Gatherings
Lectures, programs, and other events normally open to the College community will be restricted in number of attendees in each space according to current guidelines.
All large campus events, including athletic events and traditional large gatherings, ceremonies, and performances, will be cancelled, conducted virtually, or postponed during the fall semester. Such events that cannot be conducted virtually may be held in person, with prior approval of the College COVID-19 Coordinator (Dean of Faculty), and will be restricted in number of attendees in each space according to current guidelines.
Event organizers will plan to use larger venues than would ordinarily be the case, working with the College Events Office to reserve locations. Seating will be spaced six feet apart in those venues to allow for social distancing, and all other safety protocols currently in place, including face masks, staying home if ill, and handwashing or sanitizing, will be required.
In the event of larger potential audiences than can be safely seated in a venue, tickets will be issued and required for attendance. Video feeds may also be provided in overflow locations to provide additional capacity.
Face coverings and social distancing will be required in residential common spaces, including bathrooms, lounges, kitchens, laundry rooms, and corridors outside of residence halls and college-owned housing, apartments, and townhouse rooms.
Residential students will have ID or key access to their assigned residence hall or residential facility only. They will need to be the guest of another student to gain access to another residential facility. Residential lounge furniture will be removed from residential facilities to discourage gatherings within common spaces. No more than ten people may be gathered in one place at one time inside any residential facility, including common spaces.
Students will receive information regarding the importance of sanitizing living quarters daily and guidance on effective use of household cleaning products.
Resident Assistants will check in on their residents' health and wellbeing. While on their duty rounds, Resident Assistants may assist in sanitizing and cleaning efforts, including wiping down public areas, seating and tables, door handles, stairwells, etc.
Dining and Food Service
The College and its food service provider, Thompson Hospitality, will require all students, employees, and guests to wear face masks while in Pannill Commons, Tiger Inn, and at catered functions. Patrons may remove their face coverings while eating and drinking in designated dining areas.
Dining Service modification in the Commons will include restricted capacity, six-foot table spacing, limited seating, one-way traffic flow, designated one-way entry and exit points, expanded outdoor seating areas, and floor markings at food, beverage, and checkout lines.
Diners may dine in or carry-out food. Weather permitting, students are encouraged to pick up food and move outside. Additionally, students may be assigned a time period for dining based on their academic schedules.
Floor stickers will denote six-foot spacing for food, beverage, and checkout lines. Cashier stations have Plexiglass barriers, and contactless checkout is available.
Custodial staff will perform deep cleaning in bathrooms at least after each meal period at the Pannill Commons and Tiger Inn (every 60 minutes during operations) in high-traffic areas, including the serving area, dining area, stair railings, and entrance and exit doors.
All student clubs and organizations, the Student Senate, and the Honor Court are required to conduct meetings, fairs, activities, events, orientation, training, trials, elections, debates, etc. using virtual platforms during the fall semester or until in-person activity can be done in compliance with social distancing guidelines.
Outdoor student activities are encouraged if they comply with social distancing guidelines. The College Activities Council will provide students with engaging virtual events (gaming and digital competitions) as an alternative to in-person activities.
TigeRec Fitness Center is limited to 20 patrons at a time. Patrons and staff members must adhere to physical distancing guidelines and maintain ten feet between themselves and others, when possible. Some machines are closed to adhere to physical distancing guidelines. Furniture in the lobby is unavailable for seating or waiting. Patrons are not permitted to bring guests. Use of Leggett Pool is limited to ten lap swimmers with no more than two swimmers per lane.
The Old Dominion Athletic Conference and its member institutions, including Hampden-Sydney, have voted to postpone conference competition and championships for fall and winter sports through the end of the 2020 calendar year. Sports with fall championships (cross country, football, and soccer) will not compete this fall, but will instead compete next spring. Sports with split seasons (golf and tennis) may compete this fall as long as social distancing can be maintained and travel can be done in accordance with local, state, and federal guidelines. Sports with winter championships (basketball and swimming) are anticipating a January 2021 start.
Team meetings and athletic staff meetings should be conducted virtually unless or until in-person meetings can be done in compliance with social gathering restrictions and guidelines for social distancing.
Student-Athlete FAQs
Fraternities and Social Gatherings
The College will not initially allow any social gatherings involving alcohol on fraternity circle. Fraternities are encouraged to host events virtually. This policy will be reviewed periodically by the COVID-19 campus team and Senior Staff.
Fraternities should conduct official business in chapter houses if they comply with social distancing guidelines. However, fraternities are encouraged to conduct virtual meetings until further notice.
Fraternities are permitted to host recruiting events, chapter development programs, and small social gatherings, but they must be registered via the Event Request System, monitored by the Associate Dean of Students for Student Engagement and Judicial Affairs, and must comply with social distancing restrictions.
The Interfraternity Council should conduct only virtual meetings, including weekly meetings to discuss new member education, philanthropy, and social events until further notice or for as long as social gathering guidelines remain in place.
Student Health and Counseling Services
The Student Health Center will no longer provide walk-in service. Care will be provided by appointment scheduled by phone. Non-COVID-19-related health services will continue to be available.
Entry doors are locked. Students are asked to call for an appointment or to ring the doorbell in case of emergency.
Masks and hand-sanitizer stations are available at the entrance.
Use of the waiting room will be minimized. Friends may not accompany a student to an appointment. Chairs are spaced according to social distancing guidelines. The waiting room is large enough to allow for social distancing among four students and a supplemental area is available for an emergency walk-in.
Procedure. Health Center staff will conduct triage screening of callers for COVID-19, discuss chief complaint, record demographic information and phone number, and conduct screening for PHQ4. Calls will be referred to a Primary Care Nurse for nursing evaluation, assessment, plan, education and need for follow up. If the nurse determines that evaluation by a physician is needed, an appointment will be scheduled.
Day of appointment. Students given an appointment to see the nurse or physician will receive a call within 30 minutes of the appointment and will be verbally screened for COVID-19. If the screening is positive, the Health Center staff will follow established protocol for consideration of the student for testing, including asking the student to stay in his room until given further instructions. If the screening is negative, the student will be instructed to arrive at the appointed time wearing a face covering. Upon the student's arrival, the student will call the Health Center or ring the doorbell. A Health Center staff will check the student's temperature and verify that he is wearing a face covering. If not feverish, the student will enter the Health Center, use hand sanitizer, and be directed to an exam room.
Student Health Equipment
Computers have been upgraded with camera and microphone capability to allow tele-visits when appropriate. A telephone is available in each room except the waiting room, supply room, and medical records room.
A supply of medical-grade PPE for use by Health Center staff will be maintained, including gloves, gowns, face shields, and N-95 respirators. Masks and hand-sanitizer stations are available at the entrance.
Cleaning Protocols
Disinfecting high-touch surfaces (light switches, doorknobs, faucets, toilet handles, phones, computer keyboards, counters, tables, and handles) will be the responsibility of the Health Center staff each morning and prior to leaving the building each evening. The staff will also disinfect exam rooms, bathroom, waiting room, and front doorknob after each patient, and as needed throughout the day.
Open-air circulation. The Health Center will be closed for one hour at lunch for at least 30 minutes to open all windows and allow for open-air circulation.
Custodial staff will clean and disinfect the building daily and as requested by Health Center staff during regular hours in the event of contamination.
Health Center staff will complete Johns Hopkins Coursera COVID-19 Contact Tracing training. They will monitor information pertaining to Health Center procedures from the CDC and Virginia Department of Health regularly.
The Counseling Center
A hybrid of telehealth and in-person counseling will be available. In-person counseling will be used for students new to counseling and urgent/crisis concerns. Counseling Center staff and students will wear face masks during counseling sessions. Group meetings will be conducted virtually.
Special High Risk Populations
Student Health Services staff will identify students with known risk factors and contact them over the summer. The Dean of Faculty's Office and other campus departments will work with students with underlying health conditions to arrange for them to take classes and access other academic support services remotely.
Faculty members have been asked to ensure that a clear and complete syllabus with embedded deadlines is posted on Canvas prior to the start of the semester in case individual students or faculty members become ill or quarantined or the College is required to transition to remote learning on short notice. For students who need to be quarantined or isolated during the semester, faculty members will do their best to provide accommodations, using recording equipment if possible and appropriate, or asynchronous alternative assignments.
Hygiene, Cleaning, and Disinfecting Protocols
Hand sanitizer is available at entrances to dining facilities, Student Health services and the Counseling Center, academic buildings, Bortz Library, Brown Student Center, TigeRec Fitness Center and Leggett Pool, the Campus Store, the post office, and at cashier/checkout, food service, and other service locations.
Building and Grounds staff have been trained in the enhanced hygiene and cleaning, sanitizing, and disinfecting procedures required by the College's reopening plans. The custodial supervisor and building custodians have created a checklist for each campus building--including quarantine and isolation spaces--to ensure that cleaning and sanitizing protocols are maintained.
Special emphasis will be placed on sanitizing and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces, including handrails, door handles, elevator control panels and buttons, restrooms, water bottle-filling stations, and countertops.
Facility Cleaning Breakdown
Restrooms in all academic buildings and student communal bathrooms will be cleaned twice daily, first thing in the morning and after lunch, Monday through Friday. Bathrooms in student suites will be cleaned by the student occupants.
Student rooms. Building and Grounds custodial staff will disinfect all student rooms prior to August 7 with electrostatic spray and VitalOxide. In all campus buildings where possible, staff will maintain relative humidity levels between 40 and 60 percent to minimize viral spread.
In academic buildings, students will be expected to clean their own desks and chairs at the beginning of each class period with materials provided in the classrooms. Signage will ask anyone using a shared piece of equipment, keyboard, or other shared surface in labs or classroom spaces, to clean it before and after use.
Bortz Library. Spaces and services in Bortz Library are being adjusted to address the need for additional cleaning of shared surfaces and materials. Custodial and library staff will clean diligently, and additional supplies will be provided for patrons to wipe surfaces.
Student Health Center staff will disinfect high touch surfaces (light switches, doorknobs, faucets, toilet handles, phones, computer keyboards, counters, tables, and handles) upon entering and prior to leaving the building each day. The staff will also disinfect exam rooms, bathroom, waiting room, and front doorknob after each patient, and as needed throughout the day. Custodial staff will clean and disinfect the building daily and as requested by Health Center staff during regular hours in the event of contamination.
Fraternity house common spaces will be cleaned and disinfected twice weekly. Resident Assistants on Fraternity Circle will be encouraged to conduct official maintenance and house cleanliness walkthroughs each week and will submit reports through the Fraternity House Maintenance reporting system monitored by the Associate Dean of Students.
Campus Store. Custodial staff will sanitize campus store areas including doors, stair rail, elevator, and bathrooms. Store employees will use antibacterial wipes at the registers to frequently clean counters and plastic credit card machine covers.
Post Office employees will clean surfaces upon entering and prior to leaving each day and will sanitize each piece of equipment after each use. Employees will frequently wash hands and/or use hand sanitizer and wear gloves when handling packages.
TigeRec Fitness Center staff will clean and disinfect equipment, benches and chairs after each use and Leggett Pool staff will clean and disinfect bleachers after each use.
All employees are encouraged to contact Human Resources to arrange for reasonable accommodations if they have concerns due to a condition that places them in a high risk group or if they reside with an individual who is in a high-risk group. Reasonable accommodations for employees at higher risk from COVID-19 include but are not limited to telework, alternative office hours, flexible work schedule, change in work environment to minimize exposure to others, and provision of extra PPE or cleaning supplies.
All employees who can work from home or self-isolate on campus have been doing so and will continue to do so. Supervisors and Human Resources have devised plans that best suit individuals and departments to preserve the wellness of the College's workforce and especially those at higher risk. Those who are not able to telework or work on campus may be eligible for paid sick leave under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA) or any similar benefit that may be offered by the College if FFCRA eligibility or benefits end.
Emergency Sick Leave, for employees directly impacted by COVID-19, provides ten days of paid sick leave at 100 percent of the employee's pay rate. Employees are considered directly impacted if they have been quarantined by a local, state, or federal order, or a health care professional (for any reason), or if they exhibit symptoms of COVID-19 and are seeking diagnosis and treatment.
Emergency Sick Leave, for employees indirectly impacted by COVID-19, provides ten days of paid sick leave at two-thirds of the employee's pay rate. An employee is considered indirectly impacted if an individual that the employee is caring for is quarantined by a local, state, or federal order, or a health care professional (for any reason), or exhibits symptoms of COVID-19 and is seeking diagnosis or treatment, or if an employee has a child whose school or daycare closed due to COVID-19.
Expanded FMLA is available for employees whose children are affected by COVID-19 school or daycare closures. Eligible employees can receive up to 12 weeks of leave, paid at two-thirds of the employee's pay rate. There is a ten-day waiting period, but those ten days can be covered by Emergency Sick Leave.
LiveHealth Online is available for all employees who need expert medical advice, care, and/or prescriptions but do not require an in-person doctor visit. An Employee Assistance Program is also available to offer emotional support during this stressful period. These benefits can be accessed through video technology available on most smartphones, tablets, and computers with a camera.
Return to Work After COVID-19 Illness
The Human Resources Office has notified all employees and also reinforced in supervisor training sessions that employees who begin to exhibit symptoms of COVID-19 (as defined by the CDC) while at work are to leave the campus immediately, and that employees who begin to exhibit symptoms of COVID-19 outside of work will not be permitted to return to work until a plan is developed for their safe return.
In either case, supervisors and department heads are to: contact the Building and Grounds Office to request special cleaning of the areas used by the employee displaying symptoms, notify the symptomatic employee's colleagues of the situation so they can take extra precautions, and notify Human Resources to assist supervisors and departments in providing opportunities for the affected employee to work from home or to take FFCRA leave.
Symptomatic employees must either be seen by a physician for an evaluation and possible testing, submit to free on campus testing, or be free of symptoms for 14 days before returning to campus. In all cases, employees must be free of symptoms before returning to work.
If an employee has been exposed to COVID-19 (was in close proximity to someone presumed or confirmed positive), the decision to quarantine the employee will be made by Human Resources and Health Center staff, based on circumstances surrounding the case. In such a situation, work from home and/or FFCRA leave may be appropriate.
The Student Health Center or the Office of Student Affairs will contact Building and Grounds to request special cleaning of the areas (residence hall, bathrooms, classrooms) occupied by students who have tested positive or been exposed to COVID-19.
Monitoring Campus Health
Students and faculty and staff members have been provided with a symptom checklist and asked to self-monitor daily. Additionally, students have been asked to bring a thermometer to check their temperature daily.
Faculty and staff members have been asked and are continuously reminded to stay home and contact their supervisor and health care provider if they are experiencing symptoms. Students will be asked to stay in their respective residence hall and notify the Student Health Center for screening if symptoms occur.
The Office of Student Affairs and Student Health Center staff will maintain a daily report on COVID-19 cases and campus health. Data provided will include the number of COVID-19 cases (students and employees), the number of new cases (students and employees), and the number of students and employees who are in quarantine. The daily report will also report on the capacity of local and regional hospitals.
Student Health Center staff will work in conjunction with Prince Edward County Health Department regarding contact tracing for any employee or student who tests positive.
Testing Strategy
Initial Screening
The College is contracting with Kallaco Health & Technology to test all students upon or soon after their return to campus. Testing will also be available to all employees.
Beyond initial testing, the College will conduct random testing of students to monitor the prevalence of COVID-19 among the student body. Wastewater testing may be used to guide random testing in student residential areas.
Beyond initial or random testing, for a student whose COVID-19 telephone screening test is positive, Health Center staff will determine his status and act as follows:
If the student is in distress, Health Center staff will call 911 and notify the responder of the positive telephone screening.
If the student is too ill to be managed at the Student Health Center, Health Center staff will direct him to the COVID-19 Hotline (434-200-1225) at Centra to be triaged to an appropriate facility.
If the student is stable, trained Student Health Services staff will perform testing according to current Virginia Department of Health guidance about who to test. If the Student Health Center conducts testing and receives positive COVID-19 test results, Health Center staff will notify the Prince Edward County Health Department (PECHD), complete and fax a Confidential Morbidity Report (Epi-1 form) for reportable diseases to the PECHD, and notify Rhonda Pruitt, District Epidemiologist for Piedmont Health District. Should the College be unable to procure adequate testing supplies, Health Center staff will make a referral to Centra Southside Medical Center or Centra Southside Community Hospital for testing.
Student Health Center staff will notify the College's Associate Dean of Housing and Residential Life when student COVID-19 testing occurs. Students will be quarantined or isolated in designated campus facilities unless they and their parents request that they quarantine or isolate at home. The student will be asked to notify his professors, coaches/athletic trainer, and work-study supervisor as applicable. Any student who goes home for quarantine or isolation will be asked to contact the Student Health Center to plan for an approved return to campus.
If a student is quarantined or isolated on campus after testing, he will be asked to contact the Student Health Center to initiate a plan of care, housing, contact tracing, and obtain consent to share his name with essential personnel. He will be instructed to bring his laptop, phone, and a bag packed with any items needed for a period of quarantine, including linens, towels, any medication, and thermometer. The student will be emailed a packet of information, including a definition of quarantine, the signs and symptoms of disease, self-care instructions, signs and symptoms of worsening illness including what to do in emergency situations, and a daily symptom log. The Associate Dean of Housing and Residential Life will initiate quarantine protocol and the student will be directed to a quarantine or isolation room.
A Positive COVID Test
If a student confirms a positive PCR test, the Health Center staff will notify the College COVID-19 Coordinator (Dean of Faculty). Health Center staff will also work in conjunction with Prince Edward County Health Department regarding contact tracing and will keep a daily log of the student's disposition (e.g., at home, in quarantine, or in isolation).
If a cluster of cases is identified, Student Health Center staff will notify the Prince Edward County Health Department.
In the event a student (or faculty or staff member) shows symptoms of COVID-19 and needs transportation, the Prince Edward Volunteer Rescue Squad will be contacted for transport to Centra Southside Hospital.
Return to Class
Symptomatic students must be seen by the Student Health Center or a physician for an evaluation and possible testing or be free of symptoms for 14 days before returning to classes and resuming more routine life on campus.
If a student has been exposed to COVID-19 (was in close proximity to someone presumed or confirmed positive), the decision to quarantine the student will be made by the Student Health Center and the Office of Student Affairs. If a student has been exposed to a known positive, then they must quarantine for 14 days even if they receive a negative test result, given that the virus has a 14 day incubation period.
Quarantine and Isolation
There will be 40 beds for quarantined students and 46 beds for isolated students.
Venable Hall—vacated for now postponed renovation—and the Women's Guest House will serve as the primary quarantine and isolation spaces. Additional residential spaces on- and off-campus will be available if needed.
Upon initiation of quarantine or isolation, Student Health Center staff will review with the student self-care guidelines including availability of over-the-counter medications and thermometer, symptoms of an emergency, appropriate actions in case of emergency, and living space cleaning requirements.
Student Life staff will provide or coordinate provision of contactless delivery of student meals.
Students who remain on campus in quarantine or isolation are required to email the Daily Monitoring Log for COVID-19 to the Student Health Center each day before noon. If the form is not received as expected, the Student Health Center staff will notify the Office of Student Affairs to check on the student.
Campus Outbreak Management
Senior leadership and the Critical Incident Management Team/COVID Campus Team will manage a campus outbreak. The Office of Student Affairs and the Student Health Center will provide regular daily updates to senior leadership and the Critical Incident Management Team/COVID Campus Team and remain in continuous communication and collaboration with the local health department and Centra Southside Community Hospital to ensure that the College is aware of best practices for a large-scale outbreak. In consultation with these agencies, the College will determined whether it needs to further reduce or shut-down campus activities, aside from continuing to provide care and assistance to students in isolation or quarantine.
Campus Shutdown Considerations
The College will continuously monitor all local, regional, state, and national health trends and continued guidance from the CDC, Virginia Department of Health, and local health officials. Decisions regarding a campus closure will be based on many factors including the number and trends of positive cases, rate of spread, the College's ability to quarantine, isolate, and care for students who are sick, and the capacity of local and regional hospitals to care for those requiring hospitalization. These decisions will be made in consultation with local health officials and the Virginia Department of Health.
The College will update policies and operating procedures according to executive orders from the Governor and guidance from the CDC and Virginia Department of Health. This would include moving students off-campus to remote instruction, moving as many employees as possible to remote work, providing reasonable accommodations for employees at high risk of serious illness due to COVID-19, assisting employees in accessing related leave options, and accommodating on-campus staffing to the extent it is safe to maintain critical campus infrastructure, grounds, public health, safety, supporting supply chains, and other vital operations.
The College will consult with Virginia Department of Health about whether it would be more prudent to send students who are sick home or to keep them on campus. Considerations will include the prevalence of cases on campus, provisions for safe travel, and capacity of the College to support critical services and isolation and quarantine spaces.
The College will require students to return home in the event of a campus closure/shutdown with exceptions handled through an application process managed by the Office of Student Affairs.
Students will be asked to vacate campus within 72 hours of a campus closure decision to ensure the health and safety of students and faculty and staff members. International students and students with extenuating circumstances will be accommodated on a case-by-case basis
H-SC Reopening Plan FAQs
COVID-19 Fall Update FAQs
COVID-19 Campus Team
The Dean of Faculty, Dr. Walter C. "Mike" McDermott III, will serve as Hampden-Sydney's COVID-19 coordinator. The College's Critical Incident Management Team serves as the COVID-19 campus team:
Core Team:
Dean of Students – Dr. Robert Sabbatini
Director of Public Safety and Chief of Police – Mr. Mark Fowler
Emergency Management Coordinator – Mrs. Jennie Jenkins
Dean of the Faculty – Dr. Mike McDermott
Director of Physical Plant – Mr. John Prengaman
Director of Human Resources – Mrs. Sue Carter
Director of the Computer Center – Mr. Todd Pugh
Supporting Members:
Associate Dean of Students – Mr. Richard Pantele
Director of Communications – Mr. Gordon Neal
Vice President for Business Affairs and Finance – Mr. Ken Copeland
Director of the Student Health Center – Mrs. Barbara Kiewiet de Jonge
Director of Counseling – Mrs. Elizabeth Blevins
Hampden-Sydney College is served by the Prince Edward County Health Department (PECHD), one of seven county health departments that make up the Virginia Department of Health Piedmont Health District (111 South Street, First Floor, Farmville, VA 23901). Student Health Center staff will use the contact information provided below for ongoing coordination, consultation, and any required reporting.
Health Director, H. Robert Nash, MD FCAP
Office (434) 392-3984 calls forwarded to cell for COVID-19: (434) 414-6825 Howard.Nash@vdh.virginia.gov
Office of Emergency Preparedness, David Martin Office
David.Martin@vdh.virginia.gov
Senior Epidemiologist, Rhonda L. Pruitt, MPH Office
(434) 392-3984 x145, cell (434) 390-8728
Rhonda.Pruitt@vdh.virginia.gov
VDH After-Hours: (866) 531-3068


text:
HomeWorld NewsAppeals court says Trump administration can't block abortion for migrant teens
Appeals court says Trump administration can't block abortion for migrant teens
iStock/AndreyPopov(WASHINGTON) — A federal court on Friday knocked down the Trump administration's policy that allowed officials to deny abortion access to pregnant migrant teenagers in government custody.
A judge had already issued a preliminary injunction on the policy. Friday's ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit means the Department of Health and Human Services must continue to facilitate abortion access for the young women in its custody.
"Under binding Supreme Court precedent, a person has a constitutional right to terminate her pregnancy before fetal viability, and the government cannot unduly burden her decision," the court stated.
The decision is a blow to the Trump administration, which argued in court that allowing young migrant women access to abortion would result in "abortion tourism" and encourage other young women to make that journey. The court said in its unanimous opinion that it didn't support that argument, noting the threat of sexual violence many women face en route to the U.S.
"That hazardous journey for minors is not 'tourism,' much less 'tourism' to 'demand abortion,'" the court wrote.
The Justice Department declined to comment. A spokesman for HHS said the "Office of General Counsel is currently reviewing the decision."
The ruling comes amid an unprecedented number of families and children arriving at the border each month to seek asylum. Some 11,000 children and teens traveling without their parents arrived in the month of May alone. According to court documents, "several hundred" pregnant girls under the age of 18 are in government custody each year. Shelter for the women is provided by the HHS Office of Refugee Resettlement, which contracts with privately run shelters scattered across the country.
When Scott Lloyd became the office's director in March 2017, he announced that shelters wouldn't be allowed to accommodate a young woman in custody seeking an abortion without his approval.
That was a shift from past policy. A director's approval hadn't been needed previously, and if a shelter objected on religious grounds, the Office of Refugee Resettlement would transfer her to another shelter willing to provide access.
That year, according to court documents, 18 pregnant women under the age of 18 requested an abortion. Lloyd "denied every abortion request presented to him during his tenure," the documents state.
Lloyd is no longer at HHS and was not immediately available for comment.
"He refused every request regardless of circumstances, including when the pregnancy resulted from rape," the documents state.
"The requirement to obtain the Director's approval thus functions as a blanket ban," the court concluded.
'The Walking Dead' creator Robert Kirkman's sci-fi comic 'Oblivion Song' coming to theaters
Privately funded border wall forced open by federal agency

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Toni Kroos has challenged himself and his Real Madrid teammates to make history on Saturday by guiding their club to a record fourth Fifa Club World Cup crown when they face Al Ain in Abu Dhabi.
Real, who have won the past two tournaments, as well as the 2014 competition in Morocco, currently share the achievement of most titles with La Liga rivals Barcelona on three.
Victory in Saturday's clash with the Arabian Gulf League champions at Zayed Sports City Stadium would put them out on their own and Kroos believes that will motivate them when they take the field against Zoran Mamic's men, who conquered River Plate on penalties after a 2-2 draw on Tuesday.
"It's very difficult to reach the Club World Cup because you need to win the Champions League, and that's not easy," Kroos said following Real's 3-1 win over Kashima Antlers in their semi-final clash on Wednesday night.
"If you do this, you need to try to win this title. We did it last year and the year before. So, we are here with the same motivation to win this again and write history."
Kroos acknowledged that his team were not too familiar with Al Ain, but was confident they would have researched their opponents by the time they take the field on Saturday.
"I didn't watch Al Ain play but let's see what kind of team we need," he said when asked of his thoughts on facing Mamic's team.
Teammate Lucas Vazquez echoed the view of Kroos that they would be taking the threat of Al Ain very seriously despite the fact they had not been initially expecting to face them.
The winger said: "We were expecting to play River Plate in the final and instead we are playing the host team," he said.
"But that doesn't surprise us because we played Kashima, who were also the host in Yokohama, in the final two years ago.
"We have to respect any team that reach the final of the Club World Cup and prepare to face them. We don't know much about Al Ain but we'll find that out soon.
As to their form, Kroos acknowledged that it had taken Real some time to find their range against Kashima before Gareth Bale's hat-trick had fired them to victory.
"We didn't start perfect but it's a little bit normal when you don't know the opponent," said Kroos.


When he was still a baby, corrupt officials plotted treason against his father, the king, and successfully ended his reign. The prince, the little Go, was kidnapped and taken away to a far away island and was kept as a hostage. He was the insurance to keep those, who were still loyal to the royal family, in check and secure the power of the traitors. One day, a group of elite warriors entered the island and helped Go to escape. The plan is to get him back to the capital, organize an army, and help him to the throne. The journey to the capital is long and dangerous. The traitors will throw in everything they've got to stop you. Protect the prince along with the other warriors, neutralize the enemy agents and get on the boat. Good luck!


It wasn't long after Michael Jordan signed with the Chicago Bulls in 1984 that he was snatched up to make a sneaker for Nike, the results of which would become the Air Jordan 1. Although he wasn't the first basketball player to be signed by a big company, it was very rare for a rookie to be signed so early on in his career. It was a huge gamble for Nike, and in more ways than one: during the 1985 season, Nike took a $5,000 fine every time Jordan wore the black and red colorway of his debut shoe, which was banned by the NBA for not containing enough white, a requirement at the time. Nike used the ban as a marketing strategy in a famous commercial, and the rest is history. 28 flagship sneakers under the Jordan brand (Jordan himself only played up until the Air Jordan 17) later, they're some of the most coveted sneakers in the world.
Tomorrow, though, finds a new milestone: after almost 30 years, the Jordan brand has finally decided to open a flagship store, named Flight 23. People have been lining up outside of Foot Locker and Finish Lines every Saturday (the official drop day) for years to get new releases, but now there's going to be one place to get everything, and not just shoes: hats, sweatpants, sneakers, bags and everything else in between. Opening on 225 W. 34th Street, a block from Madison Square Garden, the store will open tomorrow with a stock of six colorways of the Air Jordan 1 (including two colorways for Black History Month), two colors of the Melo M10, one color of the Melo M1.5 and three colorways of the Jordan 28 SE. In celebration of the store opening, we decided to make a list of our favorite Jordans of all time. Also: take an insider's look at the brand new Flight 23 store.
Banned from the NBA for not containing enough white in 1985, a league requirement at the time, Michael Jordan and Nike took a $5,000 fine everytime he wore them. This was the first pair of Jordans and that's enough to make it legendary: some people consider it the greatest.
The Air Jordan 3 was the first Jordan to feature the new technologies and materials, like tumbled leathers, elephant print, visible air units and the famous Jumpan logo, that are still popular today.
The Air Jordan 6 is one of the most timeless sneaker models of all time—it's one of Kanye's favorite Jordans—and the simple all-black with slight hints of infrared make it a classic.
Released alongside the original black/red 1s, these colors are super easy to wear with pretty much everything you own.
Originally seen on Michael himself in 1996's Space Jam, these got released in 2001 due to popular demand.
One of the only colorways to not ever be retroed and re-released since its original drop, they're a sneaker holy grail: it's rumored that they will be finally re-released this year.
The shoe is mostly white (even though most of the original pairs have yellowed since then) with Columbia blue accents on the Jumpman, tongue and outsole—these were fresh enough for Michael to wear at his comeback All-Star game after his first retirement.
Every year, Nike teams up with patients at the Doernbecher Children's Hospital and asks kids with terminal illnesses to design a pair: in 2010, Cole Johanson redesigned the Jordan 3s with words and symbols representing him, like "STR3NGTH" and "COURAGE" written on the insole, and a picture of a fork with spaghetti behind the backtab because it's Johanson's favorite food. 100% of the proceeds go to the Doernbecher Children's Hospital.
Gleaming white, these were immortalized in Spike Lee's Do The Right Thing when a fight happens after they get scuffed.
These were inspired by the Mustang jet fighters from World War II, and their biggest claim to fame is that this is the style that Will Smith rocked without laces throughout The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.


text:
angular.module('mock.firebaseAuth', ['firebase'])
  .config(function($provide) {
    $provide.decorator('$firebaseAuth', function($delegate) {
      var _auth = $delegate;
      function mockAuth(ref) {
        // use a single auth instance and store it for reference from test units
        if( !mockAuth.$$last ) {
          mockAuth.$$last = _auth(ref);
          mockAuth.$$last.$$ref = ref;
        }
        return mockAuth.$$last;
      }
      return mockAuth;
    });
  });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Today, we released an update to the VaultPress plugin (1.3.4) to protect against recently identified security vulnerabilities in WordPress. You can read more about those vulnerabilities and the release of WordPress 3.4.1 here.
To be proactive, we pushed version 1.3.4 of the VaultPress plugin to all sites for which we have credentials. Those sites are now protected against the vulnerabilities and we sent customers a note just to let them know we've taken action and that their site is safe.
We've notified all site owners if we were not able to update their plugin to close the vulnerabilities. If you received a notice, please download version 1.3.4 of the plugin and install it to protect your site. Better yet, enter your site's FTP credentials in the VaultPress dashboard. In your dashboard, click Configure FTP, MySQL, & SSH to enter the FTP credentials. When you've got that done, send us a note and we'll update your plugin for you. Providing your FTP credentials will allow us to push VaultPress plugin updates to your site automatically, which will keep your site protected against known vulnerabilities.
Remember, to keep your site secure, keep WordPress, your plugins, and themes up-to-date. All users accessing your WordPress admin area should use strong passwords and make sure you delete plugins and themes that you're no longer using.
Learn more about how VaultPress can protect your content, theme, plugin, and site settings and customizations. Contact us with questions, or sign up to protect your site.
This entry was posted in General, Security. Bookmark the permalink.
I've been upgraded automatically but, fyi, I didn't receive an email alert.
@DaveZ We didn't send an email if, by the time we got to sending the email, the site was already upgraded to WordPress version 3.4.1. Emails went out today, but we sent out the new plugin yesterday evening.
That is awesome, and yet another reason why my VaultPress subscription is money well spent.
Is this a hotfix for issues addressed with the WordPres 3.4.1 update or issues that weren't addressed?


text:
Communicable Diseases Network Australia (CDNA) /
Public Health Laboratory Network (PHLN) /
Laboratory case definitions /
Salmonella Laboratory Case Definition (LCD)
The Public Health Laboratory Network have developed a standard case definition for the diagnosis of diseases which are notifiable in Australia. This page contains the laboratory case definition for Salmonella.
A PDF version of this Salmonella laboratory case definition (PDF file 46Kb) is available.
Authorisation: PHLN
Consensus Date:
There are two distinct syndromes caused by Salmonella :
Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (enteric fevers)
Gastroenteritis/salmonellosis
These will be discussed as separate entities in this document since there are differences in both laboratory diagnosis and clinical manifestations of the infections.
Typhoid fever: Causative organism Salmonella Typhi
Paratyphoid Fevers: Causative organisms Salmonella Paratyphi A and Salmonella Paratyphi B
The term 'enteric fever', coined to embrace both typhoid and paratyphoid, has been defined (Levine et. al. 1983) as 'a generalised infection of the reticuloendothelial system and intestinal tissue accompanied by sustained fever and bacteraemia'. The definition encompasses a range of severity, with typhoid tending to the severe, and paratyphoid to the milder, parts of the spectrum. However, each may range between an asymptomatic infection and a fatal illness. In 1998 there were 7, 32 and 3 notifications of S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A and S. Paratyphi B respectively (Anonymous, 1999). The majority of infections were acquired by Australians travelling outside Australia.
1.1 Gastroenteritis/salmonellosis
Gastroenteritis is caused by salmonellae (over 2300 serovars/types ), other than S. Typhi, and the Paratyphis. Extraintestinal infections, particularly blood stream infections, may occur.
In 1998, of the 5982 cases of Australian acquired salmonellosis notified to the National Enteric Pathogens Surveillance Scheme, 5719, 131, 100 and 32 were from faeces, blood, urine and unusual sites respectively (Anonymous, 1999).
Levine, M.M., Kaper,J.B et. al. 1983 New knowledge on the pathogenesis of enteric infections as applied to vaccine development. Microbiol. Rev. 47: 510-550.
Anonymous 1999 NEPSS Human Annual Report 1998, 3/99.
2. Laboratory diagnosis /tests
2.1 Culture for Salmonella Species
While salmonellae are classed as non fastidious organisms, because of the nature of the specimens for culture, Salmonella detection is still highly dependent on employing appropriate culture media. Variation between the serovars of Salmonella enterica requires the use of more than a single medium.
2.1.1 Media
There are many different plating media available to isolate salmonellae from faeces/rectal swabs.
These media are differential and may vary from slightly selective to highly selective eg.
Low selectivity - MacConkey (MAC), eosin methylene blue (EMB)
Intermediate selectivity - xylose-lysine-desoxycholate (XLD), desoxycholate citrate agar (DCA), Salmonella Shigella agar (SS) and hektoen enteric agar (HE)
Highly selective - bismuth sulphite agar (BS) and brilliant green agar (BG)
BS, XLD and HE all have H2S indicator systems, which are necessary for the detection of lactose-positive Salmonella.
Most laboratories use either HE or XLD because both of these media may also be used for the isolation of Shigella, together with a slightly selective medium such as MAC ( Murray et al.,1999)
For the investigation of a typhoid outbreak or follow up of cases or screening of carriers BS would be the most suitable medium to use.
Maximal recovery of Salmonella from faeces/rectal swab is obtained by using an enrichment broth also. Of the three most common selective broths (tetrathionate, brilliant green and selenite), selenite (SEL) is the most widely used as it has the advantage in that it also may be used for the recovery of Salmonella Typhi and Shigella, although its value as an enrichment for the latter has not clearly been established.
2.1.2 Suitable Specimens
Blood, urine, faeces /rectal swab, sterile sites (food and water may also be sent for culture in the event of a suspected outbreak, however this is beyond the scope of this document)
Faeces / rectal swab, sterile sites (food samples relevant to cases of gastroenteritis may also be sent , however this is beyond the scope of this document)
Blood, faeces, urine collected in an appropriate sterile container, transported to laboratory ASAP (if longer than 2h keep at 4° C), store at 4° C for 24 hours (Murray et.al.,1999).
Rectal swabs put into a tube transport medium containing modified Stuart's medium, transport to laboratory ASAP, store at RT for 24 hours. (Murray et. al., 1999).
2.1.3 Test sensitivity
Mathematical data not available. Most studies only deal with a known number of specimens, particular media used and then only comment on how each medium fared with regard to isolation of Salmonella species. The number of false negatives is not known.
Depends on the quality of the specimen, the type of media chosen and the number of organisms present, the time between the onset of diarrhoea and collection of the sample, and the time between collection and culture of the specimen. Antibiotic treatment may affect the recovery of salmonellae.
DCA - able to detect 50 S. Typhimurium/ ml of M/100 phosphate buffer (Anon. 1966). Only 5% of stool samples artificially inoculated with 103 salmonella per gram of faeces grew salmonella when 0.4g of sample was cultured onto Liefson desoxycholate citrate agar (Banffer et al., 1993).
Selenite - An inoculum of 3-7 S.Paratyphi B in 9ml of selenite broth could be detected after 24 hr incubation. In the presence of 104 E. coli an inoculum of 30 SPB could be detected. In presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa even an inoculum of 104 SPB could not be detected (In this instance tetrathionate and Rappaport –10 broths more appropriate for isolation of SPB) (Patil and Parhad, 1986).
HE and XLD - good differentiation of typical Salmonella strains including Salmonella Typhi. Salmonella Paratyphi A may not be recognised on XLD
2.1.4 Test specificity
The isolation of a Salmonella - like organism must be confirmed by both specific biochemical and screening serological techniques. At this point it is a "presumptive Salmonella."
The isolation of a Salmonella is always potentially significant.
2.1.5 Predictive values
A negative culture does not exclude the diagnosis of salmonellosis.
2.1.6 Suitable acceptance criteria
On DCA and XLD plates - non-lactose fermenting, non spreading, H2S producing colonies
On Bismuth sulphite agar – hydrogen sulphide (H2S) producing colonies
On MAC non-lactose fermenting colonies which biochemically fit Salmonella species (Ewing,1986)
2.1.7 Suitable internal controls
Properly documented, relevant, quality control programme for each type and batch of medium used. Incorporation of a control Salmonella with each batch of cultures is not recommended because of the risk of cross contamination of the test organisms.
2.1.8 Suitable test validation criteria
Isolation of a Salmonella species, confirmed by both biochemical and serological parameters, is the gold standard.
2.1.9 Suitable external QC programme
Royal College of Pathologists of Australia Quality Assurance Programs Pty. Limited
2.1.10 Special considerations
A medium other than XLD is required to detect S. Paratyphi A.
Recovery of SPA on XLD - RCPA experience:
96:6:3 SPA -10% of 290 respondents failed to report a salmonellae
99:5:1A,B - 14% (41/284) respondents failed to report a salmonellae.
Issuing laboratory found that on XLD (in house, BBL base) the count of normal flora was 1 x 108/L and the SPA was 4 x 108/L
Comment: question that some XLD media are slightly inhibitory for the particular strain of SPA used.
2.1.11 References
Anonymous 1966 Routine control of MacConkey agar and deoxycholate citrate agar: Working party of the Public Health Laboratory Service. Monthly Bulletin of Min. Health and Public Health Lab. Serv. Vol 25: 289-299.
Banffer, J.R.J., van Zwol-Saarloos, J.A. and Broere, L.J. 1993. Evaluation of a commercial latex agglutination test for rapid detection of SaImonella in fecal samples. Eur. J. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 12: 633 – 636.
Ewing, W.H. 1986. Edwards and Ewing's Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 4th Edition. Elsevier Publishing Company, New York.
Murray, P.R., Baron, E.J., Pfaller, M.A., Tenover, F.C. and Yolken,R.H. 1999. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, ASM Press, Washington D.C. USA.
Patil, M.D. and Prahad, N.M. 1986. Growth of salmonellas in different enrichment media. J. App. Micro. 61:19-24.
2.2 Culture for Salmonella Typhi
Blood culture is probably the single most useful diagnostic procedure for diagnosis of enteric fever. With few exceptions, a positive blood culture has a high predictive value for current enteric fever.
Bone marrow has repeatedly been shown to be the specimen yielding the most positive cultures. Sampling of marrow is not often performed because it requires sterile equipment and skill and is unpleasant for the patients (Forsyth, 1998).
Forsyth,J.R.L. 1998. Typhoid and Paratyphoid in Topley & Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections. Ch 24, Arnold, London.
2.3 Identification of Salmonella species
There are two levels of Salmonella identification
identify the Salmonella on the basis of biochemical parameters and may perform preliminary serology.
Reference laboratory includes both state and Australian reference laboratories
confirm\biochemical identification, complete serological identification, perform any other specific subtyping eg. biotyping, phage typing, molecular finger printing.
2.3.1 Conventional biochemical tests
2.3.1.1 Suitable specimen
A pure culture on solid medium
2.3.1.2 Media
Various specific biochemical substrates.
2.3.1.3 Test sensitivity
Depends on the biochemical tests performed. Production of lysine decarboxylase and hydrogen sulphide, no fermentation of lactose, no production of urease are good parameters to identify a Salmonella species. Most salmonellae are motile (Ewing,1986).
2.3.1.4 Test specificity
Not all salmonellae exhibit the same biochemical properties. The notable exceptions are:
S. Paratyphi A does not produce H2S or decarboxylate lysine
S. Typhi may only produce small amounts of H2S. H2S production may be slow ie. > 24 hr. some strains of Typhi may fail to produce detectable H2S in triple sugar iron or Kligler's iron agar
S. enterica subspecies IIIa and IIIb ferment lactose
Salmonellae from dairy factory environments may ferment lactose
Of 11,373 isolates submitted to an enteric reference laboratory as "Salmonella species", 155 (1.36%) isolates were not confirmed as Salmonella (MDU unpublished data).
2.3.1.5 Predictive values
Mathematical data not available
An isolate which biochemically resembles a Salmonella must be confirmed by serotyping.
2.3.1.6 Suitable test acceptance criteria
An isolate which exhibits biochemical characteristics consistent with documented reactions for Salmonella species.
2.3.1.7 Suitable internal controls
Each batch of biochemical substrate tested with both positive and negative control strains.
Results of all testing recorded and kept.
2.3.1.8 Suitable validation criteria
Correct biochemical reactions exhibited by a standard Salmonella strain.
2.3.1.9 Suitable external QC program
RCPA Quality Assurance Programs Pty Limited.
2.3.1.10 Special considerations
As indicated in 2.2.1.4 biochemical variants of salmonellae occur. Even if an isolate is not biochemically typical of Salmonella, serology may be performed to confirm any suspicious isolates. Salmonella species can be further subdivided using specific parameters.
2.3.1.11 References
Ewing,W.H. 1986. Edwards and Ewing's Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 4th Edition, Elsevier Publishing Company, New York.
2.3.2 Kits/ automated systems for biochemical identification
Various kits and automated machines exist for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Of the numerous kits available in Australia Microbact (Medvet Science Pty. Ltd., Adelaide, Australia, Micro - Id (Organon Teknika N.V. Belgium) and API would be the most commonly used.
MicroScan (Baxter, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, West Sacramento, USA), Vitek (bioMerieux, Marcy- l'Etoile, France), MicroStation (Biolog, Heyward, USA) and Cobas (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, USA) are the major automated systems.
Microbact TM Rapid Salmonella a simple tube test for confirmation of Salmonella spp. (Medvet Science Pty. Ltd. Adelaide, Australia.) based on negative reaction in o-nitrophenyl-B-D-galactoside (ONPG) and positive reaction for caprylate esterase. API BBL Crystal Enteric is a specific kit to identify any suspect Salmonella colonies.
The information stated in sections 2.2.1.1 - 2.2.1.9 also applies to both kits and automated identification systems. Comparison of sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of each kit/system as well as between systems is far to complex to discuss in this document.
For accurate results it is imperative to follow the manufactures procedure exactly. Re sensitivity - Api 20E , Vitek GNI card, MicroScan and Becton Dickinson Cobas versus conventional biochemicals were compared for their abilities to identify accurately 252 strains of biochemically typical and atypical members of the family. The errors were random in all systems, with the exception of two atypical S. Enteritidis strains which were misidentified in all of the systems (O'Hara.C.M., et al., 1993).
O'Hara,C.M., Tenover,F.C. and Miller,J.M. 1993. Parallel comparison of accuracy of API 20E,Vitek GNI, MicroScan Walk/Away Rapid ID, and Becton Dickinson Cobas Micro ID-E/NF for identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and common Gram-negative, non-glucose-fermenting bacilli. J. Clinical Microbiology: 31: 3165 - 3169.
2.3.3 Latex agglutination kit
A latex agglutination kit has been described for screening for salmonella from selenite enrichment broth (Wellcolex Color Salmonella; Murex Diagnostics, Inc., Norcross, GA.). This can also be used to screen individual colonies from primary plates. Suspect colonies may be inoculated into media to biochemically identify Salmonella. This technique only identifies Salmonella serological groups, it does not give a complete serological identification.
NB Isolates must be sent to a designated reference centre for complete serological identification.
2.3.4 Molecular identification
Probes for Salmonella are being constantly developed for the detection and identification of salmonellae, particularly for use in the food industry, however, to date they are not used routinely in clinical laboratories.
Clinical laboratories should consider that an isolate is confirmed as a Salmonella when both determination of O serogroup and biochemical identification have been completed. (Murray et. al., 1999). Preliminary flagella serology such as a poly "H" screening may also be performed.
2.4 Serological identification of Salmonella species
2.4.1 Suitable specimen
Pure bacterial culture.
2.4.2 Materials
Verified polyvalent and monospecific Salmonella somatic and flagella antisera. Many Enteric (salmonella) reference laboratories raise their own antisera in rabbits. Prior to use each serum is titred for the specific antigen and for cross reactions to any other Salmonella antigens. It is imperative to do this on all sera used in the reference section. All testing/titres must be fully documented.
Commercial antisera are available, however for a large volume turnover reference laboratory they are not satisfactory as they are expensive and sometimes the titres and cross reactions are not documented.
Unless an isolate is rough, most Salmonella isolates will serotype. Of 1,976 Salmonella isolates submitted to an enteric reference for serotyping 37 (1.87%) were designated "rough" and therefore unable to be completely typed (MDU unpublished data).
For non motile salmonellae only the somatic antigens can be determined.
The mathematical data not available.
Failure to completely serotype a strain does not mean it cannot be serotyped. Using a different batch of antisera, using a younger subculture or another isolate from the patient may achieve serotyping of the Salmonella infecting the patient. Occasionally a culture will not give an acceptable serotype. This may indicate that the culture is mixed. Individual colonies must be tested.
2.4.6 Suitable test acceptance criteria
Identification of both the somatic and flagella antigens which corresponds with, a documented serotype (Popoff and Le Minor,1997), and the same serotype has been previously isolated from a similar source. Any very unusual serotype must be verified by the Institute Pasteur (WHO designated International Reference Laboratory for Salmonella Serotyping) before a final report on the serotype is issued.
In each batch of serotyping incorporate a Salmonella type strain to be serotyped.
2.4.8 Suitable validation criteria
Unequivocal demonstration of somatic and flagella antigens of recognised serotypes.
2.4.9 Suitable External QC program
None in Australia
Because members of the genus Enterobacteriaceae are closely related there is antigenic cross over. Therefore it is imperative that both flagella and somatic antigens are identified, the strain has been confirmed biochemically as a Salmonella and only properly quality controlled antisera are used for serotyping.
Ewing,W.H. 1986 Edwards and Ewing's Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 4th Edition Elsevier Publishing Company, New York.
Popoff,M.Y. and Le Minor,L. 1997. Antigenic formulas of the Salmonella serovars. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella. Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
2.5 Further subtyping
Phage typing is a technique routinely used, in specified Enteric reference laboratories, to further subdivide particular significant serovars e.g Typhi, Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Virchow, Hadar and Bovismorbificans. Because the same typing phages and the same techniques are used for the specified phage typing schemes internationally, results between countries are comparable. Various molecular techniques, such as plasmid profile, ribotyping, IS200 insertions, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis are performed in particular instances
2.6 Rapid methods
Commercial rapid diagnostic tests are available for the testing of foods, but currently these techniques are not being used in the clinical diagnostic laboratories.
2.7 Serodiagnosis
Widal - the most commonly used method for the serodiagnosis of Salmonella enteric fever, measures agglutinating antibiodies to the O and H antigens of Salmonella Typhi
Other serodiagnostic techniques have been developed for the detection of antibodies to various antigens eg., outer membrane proteins lipopolysaccharide, flagellin protein, however these are not routinely used or recommended for the diagnosis of salmonellosis (Murray et.al., 1999). Only the Widal test will be discussed.
Appropriately stored, sterile serum (acute and convalescent phase).
The Widal test is only moderately sensitive - 30% of proven culture-proven cases have negative results (http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section13/chapter157/157d.htm)
Normal serum may agglutinate the test suspensions in low dilutions, and no diagnostic significance can be attached to such reactions. Non-specific antigens, such as fimbrial antigens, may be present in test suspensions and react with an agglutinin in human serum.
Infections, such as septicaemia, with other enteric organisms including salmonellae may produce a low titre response to the antigens, particularly "O" antigens, used in the Widal test (Cruickshank, 1969). Agglutination with the Widal antigens is not specific, for example S.Typhi "O" antigen will agglutinate with antibodies to any group D Salmonella, and Shigella "H" antigen will agglutinate with antibodies produced against any organism possessing an H = d.
Low titres may be exhibited by patients previously vaccinated with TAB.
Cirrhosis is associated with non-specific antibody production.
(http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section13/chapter157/157d.htm)
A fourfold rise in O and H antibody titres in paired serum acquired two weeks apart suggests S.Typhi infection.
All test antigens must react to titre with the control sera and the antigen controls negative.
Standardised antigen suspensions and relevant antisera with documented titres.
Isolation of a Salmonella Typhi.
None. RCPA 89:4: 7A,B sent out in 1989 no longer done as test not performed by many laboratories in Australia.
2.7.9 Special considerations
Infections, such as septicaemia, with other enteric organisms including other salmonellae may produce low titres to the antigens used in the Widal. Previous typhoid or paratyphoid vaccination may affect the titres.
Cruickshank,R. 1969. Medical Microbiology, 11th Edition, E&S Livingstone, London.
Murray, P.R., Baron, E.J., Pfaller, M.A., Tenover, F.C. and Yolken, R.H. 1999 Manual of Clinical Microbiology, ASM Press, Washington D.C. USA.
Pang, T. and Puthucheary,S. 1983 Journal of Clinical Pathology, 36: 471 - 475.
Senewiratne, B., Chir, B. et. al., 1977. Gastroenterology, 73: 233 - 236.
3. PHLN laboratory definition
3.1 Condition Typhoid fever
3.1.1 Tests
Definitive criteria – isolation of Salmonella Typhi
3.2 Condition Paratyphoid fever
Definitive criteria – isolation of Salmonella Paratyphi A or Salmonella Paratyphi B
3.3 Condition Salmonellosis
Definitive criteria – isolation of a Salmonella species - not S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A or S. Paratyphi B.
Laboratory case definitions for diagnosis of communicable diseases
Process for developing and reviewing PHLN's Laboratory Case Definitions
Australian national notifiable diseases case definitions
CDNA publications
Public Health Laboratory Network (PHLN)
PHLN Publications
Laboratory case definitions
National Tuberculosis Advisory Committee
OzFoodNet
Series of National Guidelines (SoNGs)
Enter the third, fifth and last digits of 509331


text:
Q: Subtract time on specific lines using php Using php I'd like to subtract/minus two times; each time within a separate document and thereafter have php write the result (Result after subtracting the two times) within another single text document or within a html document with no HTML tags, just text. The two times subtracted will determine how long a certain player has played the game on which this script will be used for. Also, when I state the script must subtract two times, that is actually for one player, therefore in overall there should be more than two times subtracted; depending on how many people actually play the game.
If you take a look at the following below, this is a text file containing a player's user name as well as the local time for a player, followed by other numbers which are irrelevant within this case:
The text file is called "begin.txt":

"AULLAH1" "01/07/2010 15:28 " "55621454" "123456" "123456.00"
"USERNAME" "7/3/2010 6:21 PM" "55621454" "123456" "123456.00"
"AULLAH1" "07/07/2010 15:05 " "55621454" "189450" "123456.00"
"SUPREMEGAMER" "7/8/2010 6:42 PM" "55621454" "123456" "123456.00"

There are two "AULLAH1" user name entries, as this player has played the game twice. The next entry on the first line is "01/07/2010 15:28 " which is the date and current time for the person "AULLAH1". The other data after the date and time are irrelevant, therefore they can be ignored.
Within another text document, titled "end.txt" is the following data, which is in the same format as the previous text file:

"AULLAH1" "01/07/2010 15:54 " "55621454" "123456" "123456.00"
"USERNAME" "7/3/2010 6:49 PM" "55621454" "123456" "123456.00"
"AULLAH1" "07/07/2010 15:32 " "55621454" "189450" "123456.00"

The difference within this text file is that there is no player titled "SUPREMEGAMER" as this player didn't manage to finish the game. Also, the time is different for those users who managed to finish the game. Player "AULLAH1" is also listed twice as this player has finished this game twice.
I'd like the php script to search the end.txt file for the last entry of user name "AULLAH1" and grab the entire line thereafter again, search for the last entry of "AULLAH1" from begin.txt and then subtract the times. Once it's subtracted, I'd like the user name as well as time to be written within another text document or within a html document with no HTML tags, just text (as stated earlier). So, this will only show the time played for the user "AULLAH1" therefore, I'd like this process to be done for each and every user name within the end.txt document.
All assistance is appreciated and I look forward to your replies; thank you. :) If I didn't explain anything clearly and/or you'd like me to explain in more detail, please reply. :)

A: I'm not going to address the text file searching here.  Let's say that eventually you get the start and end times together.  Getting the difference between the two is pretty easy.
(Of note, I think you have your times reversed.  The times in the "end" file are always lower than the times in the "begin" file, and that's probably not right.  Additionally, you seem to be storing the dates in DD/MM/YYYY format, which my examples might not parse correctly because it can be ambiguous for any day prior to the 13th.  You may want to store them in YYYY-MM-DD format instead, which is completely unambiguous.)
Here's way 1, using plain old unix timestamps.
// First we have our times in a human readable format.
// Let's make them into unix timestamps
$start_time = strtotime('01/07/2010 15:28');
$end_time = strtotime('01/07/2010 15:54');
$difference_in_seconds = $end_time - $start_time;
// If you need the difference in minutes or hours, you'll need to
// do the math yourself.
echo "That turn took {$difference_in_seconds} seconds to complete.";

Here's way 2, using PHP's new DateTime and DateInterval classes.  This will only work in PHP 5.3 or better.
// We have our times in human readable format.
// Let's make them into DateTimes
$start_time = new DateTime('01/07/2010 15:28');
$end_time = new DateTime('01/07/2010 15:54');
$interval = $end_time->diff($start_time, true);
echo "That turn took " . $interval->format('%h hours, %i minutes and %s seconds.');

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


By using this site, you signify your assent to this disclaimer. If you do not agree to this disclaimer, please do not use the site. The information in this web site is presented for the educational and free exchange of ideas and speech in relation to health, wellness, creativity, & vitality. It is not intended to diagnose any physical or mental condition, or to prescribe or promote any particular product(s). It is not intended as a substitute for the advice and treatment of a licensed professional. In the event that you use the information for your own health, or for your animals, you are prescribing for yourself or your animals, which is your constitutional right and for which the author of this site assumes no responsibility. The author of this website is neither a legal counselor nor a health practitioner, nor a veterinarian and makes no claims in this regard. Reference or links in this web site to any non-government entity, product, service, or information do not constitute endorsement or recommendation. This site is not responsible for the contents of any "off-site" web pages, companies or persons linked or referenced in this site. You are welcome to follow the links and visit the various websites and determine for yourself if the products are for you. www.margaretehyer.com is a free educational web site created from a labor of love, a passion to help people, and as a public service. Thank you for your understanding.
Margarete Hyer and The Essential Classroom is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. The Amazon Shops located at the bottom of several pages on this website, will display items related to key words listed in each page. These items are not necessarily used or endorsed by me.
A wide variety of additional affiliates are displayed throughout this website. These items as well, are not necessarily used or endorsed by me. Continue to explore the information on this website so that you too may learn which consumer choices are the smartest & most economical for your household. When it comes to essential oils & products, it is in your best interest to contact me for sound advice on how to purchase the highest quality essential oils & products at wholesale prices, so that you too can receive deep discounts and hundreds of dollars worth of free product opportunities.
Copyright 2016 – 2020 Margarete Hyer. All rights reserved.
All material and content, including, without limitation, text, graphics, photographs and images published on www.margaretehyer.com is the property of Margarete Hyer and protected by the federal Copyright Act and the copyright laws of other countries. Subject to the federal Copyright Act and any other applicable laws, no www.margaretehyer.com content may be copied, reproduced, modified, adapted, published, re-published, publicly displayed, performed, distributed, sold, translated into any foreign language, made into any derivative work, in whole or in part, alone or in compilations, and/or incorporated in other works in any form, format, media or technology, by any method, device or process, now known or later developed, without the express written permission of Margarete Hyer.
You further agree, represent and warrant that you will not post, transmit, submit or otherwise provide through this website any information, content or other material (without limitation) that is threatening, abusive, harmful, false or misleading, harassing, defamatory, vulgar, obscene, sexually explicit, profane, hateful, bigoted or racially, ethically or otherwise objectionable, or that violates any applicable law or regulation. You further agree and warrant that you will not post, transmit, submit or otherwise provide through this website any content that contains any computer viruses, worms or other potentially damaging computer programs or files.
Margarete Hyer has created this privacy statement in order to demonstrate our firm commitment to privacy. I, Margarete Hyer owner of The Essential Classroom and www.margaretehyer.com want to personally assure you that any information about yourself that you voluntarily give to me is considered extremely private. I in no way want to jeopardize our relationship by misusing your valued information. Any information you do give to me is strictly used to better meet your needs. I do not sell your information to anyone and I am the exclusive owner of any and all information you give to me. No one else has any rights to this information.


This entry was posted on Sunday, March 5th, 2017 at 8:02 am	and is filed under Field Herping, Snakes. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
Red Delicious Audiobook Narrated By Amber Available To Buy Now From Audible
In November 2013 Amber narrated the audiobook version of Blood Oranges. The first book in Caitlin R Kiernan's Quinn Trilogy chronicling the misadventures of New England Demon Hunter and self-confessed drug addict Quinn.
Last year Caitlin who has written the trilogy under the name Kathleen Tierney revealed that Amber would be narrating the remaining books in the trilogy. I promised at the time as soon as I knew when the next audiobook was released I would let you know. I was delighted to discover yesterday that Red Delicious book 2 in the trilogy is now available to purchase via Audible both here in the UK and in the United States.
Quinn is on the trail of the daughter of a necromancer who has disappeared the search will lead her into the middle of a battle between two forces desperate to secure an artefact with unimaginable power.
Red Delicious audiobook is unabridged. Both sites offer the facility to buy the audiobook for a one-off fee for non-members. Audible also offers a range of packages where in return for a regular monthly fee a user is entitled to download Red Delicious as well as access to a vast library of audiobooks also available on the site. The number of books you can download in the month will depend upon your individual package for full details see the respective Audible websites.
At the moment there is no official word on when the audiobook of Cherry Bomb the third book in the trilogy will be released, as ever we will do our best to keep you up-to-date until then enjoy happy listening.
Disclaimer: AmberBenson.TV is not involved in any way with Audible or the production of these audiobooks we are simply trying to spread the word about another exciting project involving Amber Benson.


Meadowlark Yellow are one of the hottest color for Spring/Summer 2018 as seen on Pantone color guide!
The shade of gold, red, orange and yellow are recommended for women with warm undertones.
From the artist: "Life can be so much fun! Remember to be playful, colorful, and happy. Be bold! Do not fade in to the background. You are not a wallflower! Even though life can seem repetitious and bland at times, it is your unique spirit that makes it pop out of the norm!"


text:
Section 230 of the U.S. Communications Decency Act: How so-called anti-trafficking legislation justifies the incarceration of sex workers
Ms. St. James, right, in 1976 with the feminists Ti-Grace Atkinson, left, and Florynce Kennedy. Above them is a banner for COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics), a group Ms. St. James founded to promote sex workers' rights.Credit: Leif Skoogfors/Corbis via Getty Images
The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze the way sex work has been framed in anti-trafficking policy in the United States over time with a specific interest in identifying how the legislation characterizes people engaged in the sex trade. Since the passage of the 2018 anti-trafficking legislative package…
Democracy's Dependence on Market and What We Could Do About It Right Now: An Argument for an Internationalist, Anti-Imperialist, Anti-Racist, Feminist, Climate Collaborative
Schmitter and Karl (1991) defined modern democracy by explaining how a variety of competitive processes and channels compete for the expression of interests and values. As such, there are many different forms democracy can take. Common features of democracy include majority rule, cooperation in order to compete, and representatives who…
Origins of U.S. Anti-Trafficking Policy and the Influence of Carceral Feminism on Contemporary Sex Trafficking Discourse
Origins of U.S. Anti-Trafficking Policy: Colonialism, Racism, and Labor Exploitation
In recounting the history of farmworkers' struggle in California during the 19th and 20th centuries, Sam Kushner (1975) provides historical context for the way the colonization of California informed the practice of foreign labor exploitation. Following the genocide of the…
Community Choice Aggregation in California's Utility Market
Image from: https://blog.ucsusa.org/laura-wisland/community-choice-aggregation-puts-communities-in-control-of-their-electricity
This piece will provide a description of the Community Choice Aggregation program in California's utility market, beginning with an overview of the history of CCA models and eventual adoption by the state. It will additionally discuss the composition of partnerships within California's utility market and the role of the California…
In the spring of 2018, a legislative package containing two bills, the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA) and the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA), was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Trump. There are three major implications of FOSTA…
Review of Young, I.M. (1990). Justice and the Politics of Difference. New York: Oxford University Press.
Arguably, one of society's greatest tasks is determining how to organize itself while causing the least possible harm. Questions about how collective decisions are made, who gets to participate in those decisions, the scope of governance, and the rights of individuals all come into play. In Iris Marion Young's book…
On Police & Prisons
I offer the following thoughts on police and prison abolition to facilitate a larger discussion about these goals.
I will not pretend to have the answers. There is much I have left to learn. Regardless, I have chosen not to wait around to reach the optimal level of political education…


As a new business, you'll be under a lot of pressure to win clients fast. You'll need a convincing sales pitch to prove new clients you've got what it takes to become a trusted partner. Here's how to create a successful sales pitch that will get you results.
Every sales pitch you create should be customised for the individual client. To do this, start by identifying the pain points in your client's business and how your service can solve them. It's also important to understand the culture of the organisation you're entering and, with that, the tone of voice they might respond to best. For example, if you're meeting with a corporate client, you might choose a more formal presentation style. However, if your client is a dynamic startup, a more casual approach may get a better result.
If the client has provided a tender or brief, then your pitch should stick to its structure and address all criteria provided. You should be clear about the value you'll bring to the table and how your service will benefit their organisation. Just make sure to back up your claims. The use of real-world case studies or examples of how you've delivered on these promises in the past can support your credibility.
The answer to this question does depend on the individual circumstances of each pitch meeting. Again, if a tender has been offered, your pitch should be as long as is required to address the provided criteria. If you're flying without a tender, it's a good idea to ask the client to clarify their expectations. A short 'elevator pitch' should briefly express your key points in just a couple of minutes, while a more detailed 'introductory pitch' could be used in an initial sit-down meeting. You can then use a more comprehensive 'deep dive pitch' after the client has shown strong interest in your services.
Don't focus your attention on one person. If you're meeting with a group of people, be sure to make eye contact with all of them so each person feels included.
Do invite questions. Stay focused on the specific needs of the client in question, and how your service will meet these needs. Hosting a Q&A session will show you've done your research.
Don't waste time. Test your tech before the meeting and ensure you are confident with any presentation tools or software you're using. Glitches can frustrate your audience, interrupt their focus, and tarnish your professional image.
Do include a call to action at the end of your pitch. This should clearly set out the next step the client can take if they would like to progress the relationship with you.


Tula Narayan Shah has let the cat out of the bag when he said that the RJPN coalition for the Madhesh movement functioned "with the help and direction of a foreign power" and lately, "the RJPN has not been able to prop itself up" ('Madhesi rights movement will continue even though RJPN has entered elections', September 11, Page 6). Shah asserts that the movement for equal rights would continue, but he did not specify where the inequality existed in the constitution. We know that dowry extraction, bride burning, and women's problems are rampant among the Madhesi people; these are issues the Madhesi politicians have never talked of. Therefore, to ensure equality in the Madhes, Mr Shah must depart talks of the "foreign-prop" cabal and work for issues like land redistribution, dalit and women empowerment.


52, will tell you it was mighty hot.
of a grapefruit, bounce off an oil heater to the floor. Then it exploded.
disintegrate.  Some of it landed on the bed and exploded again."
Cunningham's right hand was burned almost to the bone.
torch but the object only glowed.
He got no reaction with a magnet.
Planetarium, both expressed doubt that it was a meteorite.
I believe it may have been a home-made bomb."
the ground and exploded when they were about 10 to 35 miles away from earth.


Deliberating elimination and consolidation of technical groups.
Supervising technical groups for activation, particularly standing on users' viewpoint and activities helpful to practical design work.
Shaping the direction concerning reconstruction of technical groups and starting new groups.
Sharing problems of technical groups by holding enlarged committee. Seeking after the solution together in this way.
Supporting the committee of application of nanoparticle because of the necessity of joint work of other technical groups.


The race is on north of the border with Scottish National duathlon titles up for grabs.
A year on from hosting a Paratriathlon World Cup event, Britain's best paratriathletes head to the scenic parkland, just outside Windsor for the National Championships.
As the National Governing Body for triathlon and multisport in Britain, here at British Triathlon we feel it is our responsibility to take steps towards reducing the levels of plastic and single use waste in our sport.
GO TRI is celebrating after hitting 25,000 community members!


text:
S U R V I V E 'RR7349' (album stream)
After paying homage to some of their influences via a recent FACT mix, Austin synth specialists S U R V I V E are giving us the straight goods via a stream of their much-anticipated RR7349. The band's first full-length for metal imprint Relapse Records is streaming in full right now via Exclaim!
As previously reported, RR7349 is the first release from the project since band members Kyle Dixon and Michael Stein skyrocketed to attention via their similarly minded score for Netflix drama Stranger Things. While not explicitly referencing the show, moody, high-tension keyboard stomps like "Wardenclyffe" feel like they could easily score a creepy journey into the Upside Down.
The collection also taps into '80s-illuminating elements of ambient electro and Carpenter synth whimsy via pieces like opener "A.H.B.", while the rumble and pop of "High Rise" hits hard with a contemporary, though creepy, snap.
You'll find the full release streaming below. S U R V I V E also have a number of upcoming U.S. tour dates, which you can find out more about over here.
IMPROV AND AVANT-GARDE
DANCE AND ELECTRONIC
More S U R V I V E


Situated in southwest France, Biarritz attracts visitors from all walks of life. The well-heeled enjoy its glamorous high-end hotels, world-class restaurants and vibrant nightlife. Young, trendy surfers from around the world are attracted to the gold sand beaches to enjoy the fabulous swells and surf of the Bay of Biscay. Visitors from across Europe arrive to relax on the beaches and marvel at the surfing skills, while others prefer to stroll along the avenues, taking time out to do a little people watching as they enjoy a coffee and pastry in one of the little terrace cafes.
If you are arriving in the area via Biarritz Airport, Enterprise Rent-A-Car have a rental desk in the airport terminal building for your convenience. Having collected your hire car, you can be in the centre of Biarritz town in just 10 minutes. A 15-minute drive from the airport will see you in the old town area of Bayonne, a beautiful Basque city steeped in history and culture. Or, for those who enjoy good food and company, the Spanish city of San Sebastian is a mere 40-minute drive along the D810. Spain's culinary capital has more Michelin stars than Paris, or you can enjoy mouth watering tapas in the cafe-bars of the city's old quarter.
Are you looking for Cheap car hire in Biarritz Airport? Then Enterprise is exactly what you are looking for. Receive the best customer service for a great price. Enterprise offers a great range of cars that you can choose from, for either short term or long term rental. Whatever your transport needs we can accomodate you, your friends and family. Have a browse through our wide range and start your journey with Enterprise Rent-A-Car.