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[Death By Review] Arcane Archers, Knights, and more! Oh my fighter!
Date: December 9, 2016Author: Jacky Leung 1 Comment
Continuing this recent Wizards of the Coast trend of unleashing playtest materials and receiving feedback from the community, the Fighter received some new archetypes, two of them were long-awaited archetypes with two unexpected concepts. One of them has been a long time debated archetype, namely the Arcane Archer. The noble Knight brings back the concept of the "mark" from 4th Edition, the Samurai gets an interesting overhaul and we have an archetype that specializes in ranged combat with the Sharpshooter.
You can download the new Fighter Unearthed Arcana file here.
You can also do the survey for the previous Druid Unearthed Arcana here.
Arcane Archer – Back by Popular Demand!
The Arcane Archer is an archetype that has been attempted as both a Fighter archetype and Ranger conclave, and in some instances even a Prestige class (check out my Arcane Archer article that includes other concepts from others here). This iteration of this popular concept is completely spell-less and instead implores a powerful ability that is generated through magic.
Arcane Arrow: To mitigate the need for spells, the arcane archer magically conjures a special magic arrow twice between short or long rests as a bonus action. The Arcane Archer can also make unique and specialized arrows through this features, gaining up to six features by 18th level. It fits the idea of an Arcane Archer creating and imbuing an arrow with powerful short-term magic. My only criticism about this feature is extending the amount of uses to an ability modifier, either Intelligence or Wisdom. It fits the idea of something like War God's Blessing but a bit more potent. While there is a feature to regain more uses after expending the last one, it feels odd and somewhat out-of-place. Overall, the idea seems solid and I enjoyed the various arrows at the archer's arsenal.
Arcane Lore: Any feature to get more skill proficiencies is a great one in my opinion, the list is solid for a magically inclined character but carries that elf warden feel to it.
Conjure Arrows: I love this feature especially if you have a DM that keeps track of those sort of things. Or even better when it's used in the middle of combat and the archer needs more arrows to continue the fight. It's both thematically, aesthetically, and mechanically relevant.
Ever-Ready Arrow: So this feature is supposedly designed to solve the issue about the small usages of the Arcane Arrow feature. Outside of combat without rest, this feels fine. In combat, it feels clunky and can feel wasteful especially if the archer misses their target. I feel that if mechanically we limited the number of uses than I would have to say that there needs to be a greater means to acquire more uses. Perhaps scoring a critical hit draws on the archer's hidden reserves and gives them a boost to conjure another arcane arrow. It feels like a half complete feature here and perhaps just needs something additional to complement combat.
Deadly Arrow: As a capstone ability, this feels rather lackluster. So basically twice between short or long rest, all the arcane arrows deal 4d6 force damage. Granted it's done this way since Fighters get four attacks by 20th level. Even at 18th level, that's 3 attacks per Attack action with possibly another 3 using an Action Surge. Even so, that's potentially 8d6 force damage should both Arcane Arrows hit plus the bow damage and whatever modifiers accompany it. I feel that there needs to be a greater boon to reward for all that level up. Rogues can deal 10d6 sneak attack damage per turn so long as an ally is adjacent to the target. The Arcane Archer needs something similar to keep up with the damage output.
Overall, compared to various iterations presented by others since the early days of 5th Edition, including the Arcane Archer feat from earlier playtests, this feels close to the idea and image of an Arcane Archer. Abeit it needs some buffs and means to compete against some of the casters, but seems to fall short to other martially inclined classes.
The Knight – Sir Shiny!
This playtest offers the Knight and the Samurai archetypes, which Wizards has explained that these features resemble more from media and movies than from history. Their point was to emphasize the heroic aspects of these archetypes and less so their accuracy. One of the powerful features that came from 4th Edition, especially for tank roles, was the "mark" mechanic. Melee tanks would mark their enemies, making them focus on the tank or suffer a penalty if not. It changed the way the combat worked, especially for Dungeon Masters when operating the enemies and foes.
Born to the Saddle: There are a few artifacts from the Cavalier archetype (found the Kits of Old Unearthed Arcana here) that are transfixed to the Knight. From an aesthetic standpoint, it makes sense that a Knight is trained to ride a mount and be capable of not being dismounted against their will. From a design standpoint, it feels recycled but ultimately still fits the theme well.
Implacable Mark: So this is where the "mark" mechanic returns in 5th edition. The Knight can make 3 special attacks that if they hit a target, they are marked and have disadvantage on attack rolls when made on anything other than the Knight. Additionally, movement from the Knight or attacks other than the Knight causes the warrior to make an opportunity attack with advantage. Should that particular attack it, it deals additional damage equal to their Fighter level.
In 4th Edition, marking an opponent varied depending on the class and their own unique features using this mechanic. The knight here requires a successful strike unlike the 4th Edition Fighter only needing to attack and not hitting. From a tactical standpoint, the Knight hits a target like normal, and if the knight happens to catch the opponent move or attack someone else, they can really make it hurt up to 3 times. It's not a bad way to empower the Knight and truly give the opponent something to think about. Let's look at the math for a moment: a Knight with a longsword and shield, so 1d8+4 (assuming Strength of 18) averages to 8 damage per hit. Let's say an 11th-level Knight hits with all three of their attacks, so that's an average of 24 damage. The target is marked, and let's say that it decides to strike the rogue instead because perhaps its proving to be a greater threat at the moment. The Knight decides to use its special attack, and now deals 1d8+15 damage on a hit (averaging 19 damage). Compared to a single strike, the potential damage output gets better at higher levels. The thing to consider with martial characters is that they are supposed to deal near consistent amounts of damage while full casters act as the artillery and drop buckets of dice on the table. Having a strong boost here and there goes a long way in the longer combat encounters that plague higher levels.
Noble Cavalry: Another feature that gives skills, which is something Fighters lack regarding options. Having this pushed back to being a 7th level feature may seem weak. I'm not a fan of features at this point in the game that do not have a huge impact, the Battle Master also had this same issue. From a thematic standpoint, it fits the aesthetic of a Knight but does nothing impactful other than skills or language. I would say add something about Charisma-checks when interacting with nobility or royalty (which ironically enough is covered in the Samurai archetype).
Hold the Line: Essentially, it functions very similarly to the Sentinel feat granted it does not cover Disengaged enemies, unless that was an oversight than the design is essentially the Sentinel feat. The name of the feature and the overall effect seem relevant but I feel that there should be something about the Knight becoming an unmovable object, so maybe advantage on saving throws against effects that push, shove, or knock prone the knight? Just an idea.
Rapid Strike: This is a new feature that gets copied and pasted across the Knight, Samurai, and Sharpshooter archetypes respective. Essentially by trading an attack that has advantage, the knight gains an extra attack using a bonus action. So the stipulation is that it has to be on your turn, which removes the ability to gain extra attacks from previous opportunity attacks from the Implacable Mark feature. So while it's potentially useful, it does require a bit more work than what you may think initially. with so many of the Knight's features using reactions, it's unlikely this feature will be comboed with Rapid Strike. But utilizing the benefits of spell effects for allied spellcasters, this feature becomes potent and improves the damage consistency of the Knight.
Defender's Blade: As a capstone, the ability to perform opportunity attacks even if the knight already used their reaction for the round. The wording for this ability seems odd at first, but upon further inspection I realized this feature can really go toe-to-toe against creatures with legendary actions. Here's why: creatures with legendary actions can utilize them at the end of a creature's turn. Some of these actions involve movement to optimize their positions and set themselves for a powerful counterattack. Even on your turn, technically you can still have reactions should something happen that would trigger said reaction. It's very vague in terms of ruling for 5th Edition but it ultimately falls to a DM call occasionally. Ultimately, should said legendary creature (like a vampire) move at the end of the Knight's turn, he can take a reaction to make an opportunity attack against it. Should the Knight do so, he can still make additional opportunity attacks outside their turn. The wording initially feels clunky, but the language is meant to inform the player/DM that the Knight has unlimited opportunity attacks outside their turn for the round. It's still a powerful and fun ability, combined with the other features it solidifies the Knight as an archetype of attrition.
Overall the Knight has a few abilities and features that feel lackluster or recycled, but offers fresh ideas for a desired mechanic. This archetype utilizes and maximizes the use of opportunity attacks, making fleeing foes face the fear of deadly retaliation.
Samurai – Honorable Duty with Spirit
The Samurai had an interesting life cycle through D&D, when Wizards unveiled Oriental Adventures back in 3.5e, it was something different and flavorful. The original concept was a fanciful Fighter class, later it was revamped and given a full variety of features and skills. But there was a loss of identity with the concept of the Samurai between editions. In 4th Edition, the Samurai became only a background theme and not even a class option or paragon class. I was rather shocked that Wizards was going to attempt the Samurai again after such a long time out of the design concept.
Fighting Spirit: This feature is a pseudo-rage mechanic given to the Fighter with benefits of the Barbarian's Reckless Attacks and then the damage resistance from raging. The only difference is that the benefits only last the end of their next turn, so it might stand to reason that the Samurai roars with vigor and charges valiantly into the battlefield, learning to take hits while striking true at their foes. The feature can be used three times and are replenished after a short or long rest.
Elegant Courtier: So while the Knight simply gets skills and possibly a language, the Samurai through their training and discipline learn the etiquette and manners to dealing with nobles and royals. This was something I had hoped to exist within a Knight but it was transfixed to the Samurai instead. Adding a bonus to skills that a Fighter class typically either does not use or not have access seems appropriate both thematically and mechanically. More skill proficiencies is always a good thing and I applaud when we do this for archetypes where it fits.
Unbreakable Will: One of the great weaknesses of a martial character is typically the lack of proficiency with mental saving throws since their focus traditionally is with physical traits. That makes sense, which generally creates this dichotomy where weak, frail casters versus strong warriors lead to many stereotypes. Having your tank fall prey to an enemy Crown of Madness is a terrifying prospect, especially if there are not a whole of martial characters in the group. As a DM, it's a fair exploit that can implemented from well-informed foes, as for the players, it can be a tough a difficult challenge. Granting proficiency to Wisdom saving throws (or either Intelligence or Charisma if already proficient) is useful and impactful for a Fighter that competes against charm or fear effects.
Rapid Strike: So while the Knight had this feature, there was not a whole lot of means to situate themselves to gaining the advantage and then sacrificing it for an additional attack. Here the feature is potent and powerful, an 11th-level Samurai has three attacks on an attack action, using Fighting Spirit allows all those attacks to have advantage. The Samurai may sacrifice one of the advantage rolls and instead give themselves another attack, making it a total of four attacks during their turn with little fear of repercussions from the enemy (unless it's spells) with three of them having advantage on their rolls. Again this makes the Samurai a pseudo-Barbarian but for one turn. In the mythology of a Samurai, it fits the motto: "measure twice, cut once".
Strength Before Death: So this is an interesting ability that tries to workaround the Fighting Spirit mechanic into a possible death scenario. If the Samurai drops to 0 or less hit points but does not outright die, they can interrupt the turn and gain the opportunity to perform a bonus action before damage resolves. It's like a reaction, but because the Fighting Spirit mechanic uses the bonus action economy, it has to be worded in a way to maximize its effects. So basically, the Samurai can apply the Fighting Spirit onto themselves before damage resolves and potentially mitigate a potentially fatal blow. Again it's oddly worded but understandable that they word using the jargon presented through the Player's Handbook albeit redundant or convoluted.
Overall, the Samurai is very flavorful and mechanically sound. The features work with each other from a combat perspective and even from an out of combat situation (Expert Courtier). The Rapid Strike feature is fully maximized within this archetype, which might explain why Wizards wanted to try to utilize this particular feature across so much of the playtest. It's the most potent within this archetype, followed by the Knight, with the Sharpshooter receiving the least amount of benefits (more on that below).
Sharpshooter – Deadshot's cousin 2.0
Ranged fighter classes are often understated or underused across D&D, iconic ranged martial tropes fall to the Ranger and the Rogue traditionally. Very rarely do you find a specialized ranged fighter but they can definitely use ranged weapons if needed. The Archery fighting style even gives a +2 bonus to damage when using ranged weapons, that is quite powerful and impactful for a minor feature at an early part of the character's career. I feel that Wizards has been trying very hard to encourage ranged weapon users and reward them for their efforts, which sort of shows within this archetype.
Steady Aim: So using a bonus action to focus, a Sharpshooter can ignore cover (except full cover) and deal 2 + half their Fighter level in extra damage, using this feature three times between a short or long rest. So while within range, a target can still be struck while behind bits of cover and take a nice punch of damage. There are some bits where I felt this feature could've been empowered, especially since it's supposedly emphasizing sniping and scouting tactics. I would imagine, especially to tie-in with the Rapid Strike this archetype receives, that maybe this feature grant advantage on attack rolls just like the Fighting Spirit in the Samurai archetype. I understand the ability to mitigate cover but honestly the advantage on attack rolls should create the same sort of feel. Granted the reason this was probably not implemented is due to the Sharpshooter feat in the PHB, with advantage and a -5 to attacks, the damage output is absurd. Let's do some damage math: 11th-level Sharpshooter with a longbow = 1d8+4 (assuming Dexterity 18) with advantage and Sharpshooter feat along with Stead Aim equates to an average of 25 damage per hit, 1d8+4+7 (Steady Aim) + 10 (Sharpshooter). Even without the advantage to attack rolls, the potential 25 damage per hit outclasses the other archetypes presented so far. That's a potential 75 points of damage within on Attack action not counting an Action Surge. So no advantage seems a fair judgement.
Careful Eyes: Another feature that gives some other skill proficiencies, but I do like the idea of using the Search action as a bonus action. It fits the idea of spotting their targets quickly and assessing the situation as well. There's not much to say here that I already haven't expressed multiple times in this review regarding additional skills for classes that need it.
Close-Quarter Shooting: This feature is practically the reward for a ranged specialist, normally characters suffer disadvantage on attack rolls when striking an adjacent foe. Now, the Sharpshooter is a force to be reckoned with even at close range. The added bonus of a creature hit by this particular attack causes the foe to not take reactions until the end of the turn, which is helpful for letting the Sharpshooter escape from harm. Ultimately this feature solidifies the payoff for this particular playstyle and makes it worthwhile.
Rapid Strike: This feature seems out-of-place given that the Sharpshooter does not have a bounty of opportunities to create advantage. This feels like Wizard's attempt to try out a new mechanical concept and will ultimately be in the next survey. From a design perspective, it feels a bit long-winded and unnecessary though I understand that this is more for experimentation than anything else. Since the archetype doesn't bolster or reinforce stealth tactics (which would be the likely means to generate advantage), it doesn't seem as effective compared to the other archetypes this feature was presented. I think there should be some sort of benefit like reducing the critical hit range of a ranged weapon go to 19 and 20 like the Champion archetype. Again, anything to really reward the character for choosing such a narrow specialization.
Snap Shot: This capstone has the same feel from the Arcane Archer and seems underwhelming, but it states that during the first turn of combat for the Sharpshooter that so long as they use the Attack action, there is an additional attack on top of the rest. By 20th level, this archetype gets a 5th attack during the first turn of combat if they choose to Attack first. Here's the thing, if the same Sharpshooter decides to unload their fury with an Action Surge, that'll be ten attacks! TEN ATTACKS! Factoring Steady Aim for three of those attacks getting extra damage, it can look scary for a monster. This capstone actually potentially packs quite the punch if used comboed with other abilities.
Overall this archetype seemed to have a mix bag of development ideas and probably needs some fine-tuning (looking at your Rapid Strike). This archetype also rewards the players for their selection and choice on a narrow weapon specialization which should always be a precedence. Additionally some of the features seem underwhelming on paper but when testing the ideas with other features or feats, it can potentially be powerful. If you include firearms in your game, the Sharpshooter really gets interesting with damage output.
The four archetypes bring unique flavor and concepts that thematically fit them.
Rapid Strike as a trial mechanic felt overused and not give enough design space for some of the archetypes presented.
Arcane Archer was a highly demanded archetype and finally saw some official ideas.
Bringing the Samurai and Knight back as archetypes showcased the return of older themes given new life.
The Knight's Implacable Mark is a feature that calls back to 4e's "mark" mechanic for tank roles
Many of the archetypes incorporated additional methods to bring more skill proficiencies to a class with a limited selection.
As playtest material, its good for the community to see where the design direction has been focused and where it can go following the next survey.
There are some things that I really liked in this Unearthed Arcana and obviously things I didn't like. That's the point of playtest material, the community goes through either trials or compares them to existing archetypes to assess their validity and balance. Wizards has taken many conservative approaches within several of these Unearthed Arcanas in the past and this a similar vein of thought. Depending on community feedback, I can expect some revisions on the Sharpshooter and possibly the Arcane Archer. The latter has a long history within D&D and will feel harsher criticism than some of the others, the Sharpshooter has many design choices that may need to be reexamined. The Knight didn't make this list but does suffer the same issue of design recycling and doesn't offer anything novel other than the new "mark" mechanic. Even its capstone wasn't something new, it felt more like something from a race or existing class feature. I'm happy with the results nonetheless and enjoyed this rendition from Wizards, since we're approaching these alphabetically, that would mean the Monk is the next class to get new ideas.
Again, you can download the new Fighter Unearthed Arcana file here.
Also you can do the survey for the previous Druid Unearthed Arcana here.
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One thought on "[Death By Review] Arcane Archers, Knights, and more! Oh my fighter!"
@Loraedor says:
I really enjoyed this particular UA, but honestly I feel like the Sharpshooter really should be associated with Ranger rather than Fighter. I'm not against ranged Fighters (and I've been a long-time fan of the Arcane Archer), but it just seems like they should spread the ranged love around, when the traditionally ranged Ranger doesn't have much comparable.
But that being said, solid review. I couldn't agree more on the skills.


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Analyzing the highest-paid contract in NFL free agency at every position: Was it worth it?
By Anthony Treash
We saw numerous massive deals handed out in NFL free agency the last couple weeks, but how many of those deals were actually worth it? With the help of PFF's advanced database used by all 32 NFL teams, let's break down the highest-paid contract handed out at every position.
(Note: This does not take into account players who were not free agents and just extended on their current contract or were traded and extended, like Kirk Cousins and DeForest Buckner. Highest-paid contract is determined by total guaranteed money in the contract.)
QB – Ryan Tannehill, Tennessee Titans
Contract: Four-years, $118 million ($62 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? The improvement made by Ryan Tannehill was unlike anything we have ever seen since PFF's inception in 2006. With the Miami Dolphins in 2018, Tannehill owned a 42.4 passing grade, which was among the three worst we have ever recorded in a single season. He was subsequently traded to the Tennessee Titans in the offseason and became the starter in Week 7 of the 2019 season after poor play from Marcus Mariota. Tannehill finished the regular season first in PFF passing grade at 91.0 — that's a plus-48.6 difference in passing grade from 2018 to 2019. For perspective, there has only been a plus-31.0 difference one other time in the PFF era.
Regression seems inevitable for Tannehill. His positively graded play rate with the Titans was nearly double what it was with Miami the year prior. Tannehill has always been a relatively accurate quarterback, but his play on the field has shown to be dependent on those around him and the play-caller/scheme. It worked for Tennessee in 2019, and we thought it would be a great idea to bring Tannehill back for another season — but on the franchise tag to prove he can produce the same once more, not necessarily on a deal like this one.
RB – Austin Ekeler, Los Angeles Chargers
Contract: Four-years, $24.5 million ($15 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? Everyone knows this by now — we at PFF don't believe you should ever break the bank for a running back, nor should you ever tag one (cough, cough Derrick Henry). That being said, if any running back in this free agency class was deserving of receiving the most guaranteed money, it was Austin Ekeler, who was a restricted free agent this offseason. Ekeler was an undrafted free agent out of Division II Western State Colorado back in 2017 and has clearly exceeded expectations on the field. Ekeler has produced the third-best overall grade at his position since 2018 and second-most WAR per snap.
The biggest reason why we believe Ekeler is more deserving of any other free agent running back to receive the most money is because he actually brings value in the one important area of a running back's job: as a receiver. No running back has recorded a higher receiving grade the last two years than Ekeler. He has averaged an NFL-high 10.2 yards after catch per reception in that span and generated 2.44 yards per route run, nearly half a yard more than anyone else. Getting Melvin Gordon off their books and sticking with Ekeler was the way to go. It was actually one of many great decisions made by the Chargers this offseason.
WR – Amari Cooper, Dallas Cowboys
Contract: Five-years, $100 million ($40 million guaranteed; goes to $60 million in event of injury)
Was it worth it? Very few wide receivers have been as good as Amari Cooper has been with the Dallas Cowboys the last two seasons. Since he was traded to Dallas midseason in 2018, Cooper has been one of PFF's 10 highest-graded wide receivers and has proven to be an elite deep threat. Cooper's deep receiving grade with the Cowboys is the seventh-best in the NFL, and his route-running has shined on such routes. Cooper has seen 58% of his 20-plus targets with a step or more of separation in the same span, which leads the NFL and is nearly 20% above the average.
Cooper has been the Cowboys' third-most-valuable player the last two years behind only Dak Prescott and Byron Jones. He plays a valuable position at an elite level — that is worth paying for.
TE – Austin Hooper, Cleveland Browns
Contract: Four-years, $42 million ($23 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? Austin Hooper is a reliable tight end who is a weapon underneath on a quick out-route. In fact, he's produced the second-highest receiving grade and yards on such targets since he came into the league, ranking behind only Minnesota's Kyle Rudolph in each category. That, however, is part of the problem with Hooper's massive contract. Very rarely was he tasked with winning one-on-one, and Hooper's play dropped off significantly when he was. Hooper ranks 32nd among 40 qualifying tight ends since 2016 in PFF receiving grade against single coverage. Hooper will have great production in Kevin Stefanski's scheme, but there's no value in paying a tight end that much who can really only produce on underneath routes.
T – Jack Conklin, Cleveland Browns
Contract: Three-years, $42 million ($30 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? Injuries derailed Jack Conklin's 2018 season — starting with a torn ACL at the end of 2017 — which resulted in the Titans declining his fifth-year option and allowing him become an unrestricted free agent this offseason. Based off his 2019 campaign, they probably wish they had that one back. Conklin finished the year as one of the 10 highest-graded and most valuable tackles in the NFL. Cleveland's right tackle last year, Chris Hubbard, was the sixth-lowest-graded tackle of 2019 and actually performed below a replacement-level player. Throw in the fact Conklin owned the sixth-best zone run-blocking grade last year, which fits Kevin Stefanski's rushing attack to a T, and this move becomes that much better.
iOL – Andrus Peat, New Orleans Saints
Contract: Five-years, $57.5 million ($33 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? This contract came straight out of left field. When splitting time between left tackle and left guard in 2015, 2016 and 2017, Peat was an average offensive lineman. He performed at his best when at tackle, as he owns a career grade at that alignment of 72.5. Peat then moved to solely left guard in 2018 and put up back-to-back season grades below 50.0, en route to a two-year grade that is dead last among offensive guards. Peat's total WAR in that span among guards is the second-lowest and far below replacement-player level. No left guard had ever received $33 million guaranteed in a deal until Andrus Peat. That's pretty remarkable.
DI – Javon Hargrave, Philadelphia Eagles
Was it worth it? Playing alongside guys like Cameron Heyward, T.J. Watt and Stephon Tuitt, Javon Hargrave has flown under-the-radar and become one of the league's most undervalued players. His PFF overall grade over the last two seasons is among the 10 best for an interior defensive lineman. In 2019 specifically, Hargrave really took his pass-rushing to new heights. He posted a 76.8 pass-rush grade, ranking 10th at his position, and a pressure rate of 14.2%, which ranked behind only elite players Aaron Donald and Chris Jones. With the Eagles signing Hargrave, they now have the ninth and 11th most valuable interior defensive linemen and the 11th-most-valuable edge defender on their defensive line. That's going to be one of the most ferocious matchups for any offensive line in 2020, and this wasn't a bad price to pay for it.
EDGE – Arik Armstead, San Francisco 49ers
Contract: Five-years, $85 million ($48.5 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? Arik Armstead saw limited action in the first three seasons of his NFL career from 2015-17, playing fewer than 400 snaps each year and performing pretty average as a pass-rusher. His pass-rush grade in that stretch sat right at the 50th percentile. Armstead then went on to rank 35th of 101 edge defenders in pass-rush grade in 2018 and 27th of 106 in 2019. Armstead is a good player and tremendous athlete, but he is now getting an average $17 million per year — among the 10 highest-paid edge defenders — yet he hasn't proven to be an elite pass-rusher. He's a safe, reliable player you'd want on your line, but not for that kind of cheddar.
LB – Cory Littleton, Las Vegas Raiders
Contract: Three-years, $35.25 million ($22 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? Run-stuffing off-ball linebackers are not what you want to pay for in free agency. Off-ball linebackers who are great in coverage are what you want to pay for and that's precisely what Cory Littleton has been these last two seasons. Littleton's two-year coverage grade ranks behind only Lavonte David for the best at the position, and he's made more plays on the ball than anyone. As an added bonus, Littleton is perhaps the best tackler at his position, missing just one of his 126 tackling attempts in 2019. The Raiders got a good one in Littleton and formed one of the best linebacker tandems in the league with the signing of Nick Kwiatkoski.
CB – Byron Jones, Miami Dolphins
Was it worth it? Byron Jones was good but not an elite safety in the NFL during the first three seasons of his career from 2015 to 2017. He then moved to the outside in 2018 and has been the NFL's second-most-valuable cornerback behind only Stephon Gilmore. Brian Flores lives and dies by man-to-man coverage — a philosophy taken from his previous coaching staff in New England with Bill Belichick. Miami's man coverage usage rate is actually among the three highest in the NFL, and they got themselves arguably the best press-man corner in the league in Byron Jones.
Jones has played more coverage snaps in press-man coverage than anyone else and posted the third-best coverage grade on such reps the last two seasons. Among outside cornerbacks to line up in press at least 250 times since 2018, Jones ranks second in yards per coverage snap. He'll receive nearly $10 million more guaranteed than any other cornerback in the NFL, and considering the positional value as well as how great of a player he has been, Byron Jones is fully worth it.
S – Jimmie Ward, San Francisco 49ers
Contract: Three-years, $28.5 million ($17 million guaranteed)
Was it worth it? After missing well over half of his career games due to various injuries and never producing a coverage grade above 70.0, Jimmie Ward had a huge prove-it year ahead of him in 2019. He then went on to produce an 80.9 coverage grade and rank as the 10th most valuable safety on the season. Ward bounced all over the place prior to 2019, spending some time primarily at outside corner, then some time primarily in the slot before finding the perfect balance in 2019 between deep safety, the box and the slot.
When fully healthy last season, Ward allowed minimal big plays in any single game. He never allowed more than 30 yards in a single game nor did he allow any more than two catches. His athleticism was put on display when healthy, locking down the middle of the field and flying in on catches. Ward certainly proved his worth in 2019 and is a great player to bring back given the value he brings to the table.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home > News > Wild Wednesday for southerners...
Wild Wednesday for southerners
Rain and wind warnings continue to be in effect over much of the South Island again today but also the lower North Island has a risk of gales as well.
Heavy rain pelted down over parts of the South Island's West Coast yesterday and similar conditions are expected today with possible thunderstorms.
Government Forecaster, MetService also has further wind warnings with gusts possible about inland areas of the South Island peaking at 140kph from the nor'west and also Wellington and Wairarapa looking at top gusts of 140kph tonight.
Northern and eastern regions of the North Island appear to have the best summer conditions today although it could become a little breezy in places.
Temperatures are likely to be in the mid to high twenties however the low thirties could be a possibility out east with nor' west conditions.
The mercury dipped below par in Auckland during the early hours of this morning after a glorious day yesterday.
Temperatures dropped as low as 10 degrees overnight in some suburbs however Auckland airport stayed above 14 degrees for the most part.
It's been a different situation in the south with Christchurch experiencing yet another very warm night.
Even this morning it's a balmy 23 degrees at 6.30 and the reason is the nor' west airstream maintaining its grip on the city and the region.
Rain has continued to fall on the Coast and lower parts of the Mainland keeping temperatures in the mid teens and later today a cooler southerly could deliver some heavy showers with the chance of thunder as it slides up eastern areas of the South Island.
Home image of Rakaia River, Canterbury by Gallery


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Title: Collaborative planning for city development. A perspective from a city planner
Authors: PURBANI, K.
Keywords: collaborative planning, city development, city planner
Abstract: A number of definitions related to collaborative governance have been developed since early 2000. The common characteristics of collaborative governance are, among others, policy consensus, community visioning, consensus rule-making, and collaborative network structures. Collaborative planning is a new paradigm of planning for a complex contemporary society through which it encourages people to be engaged in a dialogue in a situation of equal empowerment and shared information to learn new ideas through mutual understanding, to create innovative outcomes and to build institutional capacity. This indicates that collaborative planning can provide policy makers with more effective community participation. Collaborative process is the key of collaborative planning which also emphasizes the significant role of collaborative leadership. The process includes a participatory activity of dialogue oriented to the joint decision and summarized in a collaborative process. The collaborative leadership is crucial for setting and maintaining clear ground rules, building trust, facilitating dialogue, and exploring mutual gains. Along with the shift of planning paradigm, the role of city planner will also change since the city planning deals with the political process. In the political process, city planners must be able to perform as technocrats, bureaucrats, lawyers and politicians who always uphold their ethics because they are responsible to the society, the assignor for their integrity and professionalism.
DOI: 10.22630/PNIKS.2017.26.1.12
APA style references: Purbani, K. (2017). Collaborative planning for city development. A perspective from a city planner. Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 26 (1), 136-147. doi: 10.22630/PNIKS.2017.26.1.12
APA style citation in text: The first time citation in text: (Purbani, 2017), next citation: (Purbani, 2017)
Chicago style references: Purbani, Kamalia. "Collaborative planning for city development. A perspective from a city planner." Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 75 ser., vol. 26, no 1, (2017): 136-147. doi: 10.22630/PNIKS.2017.26.1.12.
Chicago style citation in text: (Purbani 2017)
Bibtxt style references: @article{doi:10.22630/PNIKS.2017.26.1.12, author={Purbani, Kamalia}, language={english}, title={Collaborative planning for city development. A perspective from a city planner}, journal={Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences}, URL={http://iks.pn.sggw.pl/PN75/A12/art12.pdf}, year={2017}, volume={26 (1)}, number={75}, pages={136-147}}
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Results showed that vibegron was associated with a statistically significant reduction in daily urge urinary incontinence episodes (P<.0001) and daily micturitions (P<.001) compared with placebo (co-primary endpoints). Moreover, statistical significance was achieved as early as week 2 (first timepoint measured) for both outcomes, and statistically significant efficacy was maintained for all timepoints through the end of the study. Compared with tolterodine, treatment with vibegron led to numerically superior efficacy at all measured timepoints.
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text:
A life changing voyage of discovery.
I was fortunate to sail onboard the STS Young Endeavour as a world voyager on the voyage O5/15a, from Southhampton to Aalborg, Denmark. The voyage started on 12th and finished on the 31st of July. The voyage has been the most transformative and amazing experience of my life.
One day whilst applying for research grants, a link on the university portal appeared for the Cowan Young Endeavour Grant. I have always had a strong passion for adventure and as soon as I read about the opportunity to sail onboard YE, I knew that this was an opportunity of a lifetime.
I was so busy in my final year that I basically forgot about applying for the grant. One day I was waist deep in mud and in the pouring rain doing an invertebrate survey when I received this call from an unknown number. The guy on the other line told me I was a successful grant applicant and said, "pack your bags, you are going to London". Before I knew it I was boarding a plane to London and preparing myself for a life defining voyage. A few days later I was sitting on the topgallant looking over South Hampton, still in disbelief about the journey that was about to begin.
I can remember each moment of the voyage like it was yesterday and there was so many highlights. From being sea sick and vomiting all the way down the Solent River, from sailing across the North Sea with some of the best friends and most inspiring people I have ever met. We sailed past the White Cliffs of Dover, up The River Thames and had a formal reception at Trinity House London. We sailed around the east of the UK, to Lowestoft, where STS YE was built and then across the North Sea to Norway. We then joined the international tall ship races and partook in a large festival with over 90 tallships.
Everything onboard was amazing, learning a plethora of new skills, making new friends for life and the long chats over watch, working aloft, everyday watching sunset and sunrise in the middle of the sea. All of these things are the richest memories of my life. The coolest skill I learnt that I still cherish today was how to navigate by the stars in the Northern Hemisphere.
However there was event on this journey that changed my life forever (other than all the amazing sailing and making great friends) and it was finding an Australian plant on a local hiking tracking in Norway. I was shocked but inspired, so I went on a journey of discovery to find out why the plant was there and this inspired me to write about plants and their migration around the world.
When I returned to Australia, I discussed the idea with a colleague and in 2016 I received a New Colombo Plan Scholarship, Australia's most prestigious scholarship for university students allowing me to live in Fiji and write about plants and ecosystem change in the Indo-Pacific. When completing my work in Fiji, I was awarded the Australian Council of Environmental Deans and Director (ACEDD) scholarship and the University of South Australia Honours Medal for the division of Information Technology, Engineering and Environment. Since returning to Australia, I have shared my story of how my voyage onboard the STS Young Endeavour changed my life at public talks at the Australian Plant Society and at a seminar series at the University of South Australia. Likewise, my story has been featured in University of South Australia and Playford City Council magazines. Late last year I was informed by a friend that attended the seminar series, he was inspired to sail onboard YE and sailed on the voyage from Darwin to Broome. Now I will take any opportunity to talk about STS Young Endeavour as I travel the world and how it has given me the confidence to live my dreams.
I also joined a crew at the Royal South Australian Yacht Squadron, so I can continue to sail!
Michael Dyer


text:
Academica (o Academici libri) (en català: les Acadèmiques) és una obra filosòfica, en forma de diàleg socràtic, escrita per Marc Tul·li Ciceró l'any 45 aC., sobre epistemologia, la teoria del coneixement, a través de les doctrines d'Antíoc d'Ascaló, Arcesilau i Carnèades. Segons les cartes de Ciceró a Àtic hauria estat escrita immediatament després dels perduts Consolatio i Hortensius i abans de De finibus.

Context
Ciceró havia estudiat filosofia a la seva joventut, aprenent les ensenyances de les tres escoles més importants, la de Filó de l'Acadèmia, la de l'estoic Diodot, i la de Fedre l'Epicuri, ja que tots ells varen arribar a Roma escapant de la guerra mitridàtica. Als vint-i-set anys es va retirar per un temps de la vida publica i va passar sis mesos a Atenes estudiant filosofia. En reprendre la seva carrera pública va continuar els seus estudis filosòfics en els moments d'oci tal com explica en molts passatges de les seves cartes. En el moment en què va escriure els Academica, a principis del 45 aC després de la derrota final de Pompeu a la batalla de Farsal, Ciceró tenia seixanta-dos anys, i condemnat pels disturbis polítics a viure fora de Roma, buscà en la filosofia un consol per a mitigar els seus dolors, com el seu divorci de Terència al 46 aC i sobretot la mort de la seva filla Túl·lia al 45 aC.

Composició
Son un dels primers treballs que Ciceró va escriure en el seu període de dedicació a l'escriptura de tractats filosòfics. Després de la mort de la seva filla Túl·lia, al febrer de l'any 45 a.C., per a buscar consol, va escriure la Consolatio, i posteriorment Hortensius, una exhortació a l'estudi de la filosofia.

El 7 de maig d'aquell any, en una de les cartes al seu amic i editor Àtic comenta que en aquell moment s'està dedicant a un treball complex, es creu que Ciceró fa referència al seu treball en els Academica. El 13 de Maig, Ciceró anuncia que el Catulus i el Lucullus , tal com s'anomenen els dos llibres de la primera versió dels Academica, estaven complerts, encara que en aquell moment es refereix a ells amb el mot syntagmata. Per altra banda, Ciceró diu que abans del 29 de maig havia enviat a Àtic, que es trobava a Roma, dos llibres, es creu que es referiria al Catulus i al Lucullus.  De manera que es creu que el Catulus i el  Lucullus varen ser escrits, aproximadament, durant el mes d'abril i els principis del mes de maig de l'any 45 a.C. Però Ciceró s'adonà que els personatges escollits com a interlocutors, Quint Lutaci Càtul i Luci Licini Lucul·le, així com Quint Hortensi Hòrtal, que també hi apareixia, no serien del tot apropiats, ja que va considerar que no serien convincents en un debat filosòfic complicat, de manera que els canvia per Cató l'Uticense i Marc Juni Brut.

Cap el 22 de juny, Àtic envia una carta a Ciceró en la que li demana que doni a Marc Terenci Varró, el paper protagonista a algun dels seus diàlegs, ja que Varró havia promès dedicar una obra extensa i important que estava escrivint a Ciceró (De lingua latina), de manera que Ciceró dedicà a Varró els Academica. A més, decideix substituir Cató i Brutus per Varró. El 24 de juny Ciceró comunica a Àtic que dels dos llibres n'ha acabat fent quatre, l'endemà li comunica que l'ha inclòs com a tercer interlocutor. El 30 de Juny comunica a Àtic que ja ha enviat a Roma els quatre llibres dels Academica per a ser copiats.

Només han arribat fins a nosaltres el llibre segon de la primera redacció, és a dir el Lucullus i el primer, encara que incomplert de la segona. Aquesta segona edició és aquella a la qual es refereix més Ciceró en les seves al·lusions a aquest treball després d'haver-hi fet les modificacions. El títol ja és Academica, encara que també el descriu com a Academici libri.

A partir de les cartes de Ciceró no queda clar què constituïa realment la publicació dels Academica, encara que suggereix a Àtic que no es publiqui la primera edició, sinó la segona. Si més no, sembla que Ciceró no va aconseguir que es descartés del tot la primera edició, per aquest motiu la segona part d'aquesta primera edició ens ha arribat a nosaltres, mentre que de la segona edició només ens han arribat el primer quart i alguns fragments de la resta. Es conserven aleshores només tres quarts de l'obra sencera, i només un quart de la forma que finalment va ser autoritzada pel seu autor. Alguns editors moderns han designat la part que ens ha arribat de la primera edició Academica priora, i la part que ens ha arribat de la segona Academica posteriora.

Temes i contingut

El debat dels Academica se centra únicament en la teoria del coneixement, i no en tots els àmbits de la filosofia. En la part d'aquestes obres que s'ha conservat, l'autor ens exposa la polèmica d'Antíoc d'Ascaló en contra d'Arcesilau i de Carnèades. Arcesilau havia dirigit l'Acadèmia des del 268 aC fins al 241 aC aproximadament. Després d'ell, hi van haver 3 directors més, i a continuació Carneàdes la va dirigir des de la mort d'Hegesi fins al 137 aC. En morir Carnèades, l'Acadèmia va passar a ser dirigida per Clitòmac de Cartago i després per Filó de Làrissa, aquest últim va ser succeït per Antíoc, el qual la va dirigir del 88 aC al 68 aC.

Antíoc havia estat deixeble de Filó i va defensar durant molt temps les doctrines d'Arcesilau i de Carnèades, però posteriorment, a la seva maduresa, les va atacar i va abraçar les de l'estoïcisme, sobretot pel que fa a la teoria del coneixement. Antíoc volia presentar l'estoïcisme com una modificació de les doctrines de l'Antiga Acadèmia (els primers successors de Plató), i considerava que els successors de Plató i dels acadèmics eren els estoics.

Els antics estaven d'acord que tot el coneixement deriva dels sentits, però existien diferents visions sobre la fiabilitat de les representacions que s'obtenen a partir dels sentits.Per a Antíoc, igual que per als estoics, el criteri de la veritat es la representació: la imatge o copia que imprimeixen els objectes a l'ànima a través dels sentits. Per als estoics, les representacions obtingudes a partir dels sentits poden ser errònies, però l'home posseeix un criteri innat per a corregir-les. Els estoics creien en l'habilitat humana per a aconseguir el coneixement absolut.

Els escèptics, com Filó de Làrissa en canvi, mantenien, com els estoics, que els sentits no eren infal·libles però negaven l'existència del criteri estoic. Per als escèptics el coneixement era humanament inabastable, de manera que la correcta actitud filosòfica és la del dubte i la indecisió. Arcesilau arremetia especialment contra els estoics. Argumentava, en contra d'ells, que no és possible distingir les representacions vertaderes de les falses, ja que al costat de cada representació vertadera n'existeix una altra del falsa que presenta el mateix aspecte que aquella. De la mateixa manera que Arcesilau, Carnèades negava que les representacions vertaderes tinguessin característiques diferents a les falses.

Temes i continguts als Academica priora
Els Academica varen constar primerament de dos llibres que portaven els noms de Catullus i Lucullus respectivament, fent referència als personatges que hi figuraven com a interlocutors, Quint Lutaci Catul i Luci Licini Lucul·le, a més de Quint Hortensi Hòrtal i el propi Ciceró. Càtul i Hortensi teníen la seva aparició principal al llibre primer, Lúcul al segon i Ciceró en ambdós. No es coneix amb gaire precisió el contingut del llibre primer, però es suposa que Càtul hi exposava l'escepticisme i la teoria de la "probabilitat" de l'acadèmic Carnèades; Hortensi, el dogmatisme de Antíoc d'Ascalona, i Ciceró la teoria de la "probabilitat" con l'entenia l'acadèmic Filò de Làrissa. D'aquesta primera edició només es conserva el segon llibre , el titulat Lucullus, on aquest famós i opulent romà combat en ell l'escepticisme i les opinions de l'Acadèmia i de Filó, seguint les doctrines d'Antíoc, el seu antic mestre. El mateix Ciceró li contesta en defensa de l'Acadèmia, negant la percepció i admetent només la probabilitat i el dret que el savi té a opinar.

Temes i continguts als Academica posteriora
Aquesta edició consistia en quatre llibres, dels quals s'ha conservat el primer. En el llarg fragment conservat del llibre primer Varró i Ciceró, personatges principals, discuteixen en presència d'Àtic. El primer defensa les idees d'Antíoc, fundador de la cinquena Acadèmia; com que Varró era un fidel partidari de les doctrines d'Antíoc, a Ciceró li va semblar que ell era la persona més idònia per a exposar-les. Varró fa una exposició històrica de la filosofia des de Sócrates fins a Arcesilau; el segon pren al seu càrrec la defensa de les doctrines de Filó o de la Nova Acadèmia, i continua l'exposició des d'Arcesilau fins a Carnéades.

Personatges
-Quintus Lutatius Catulus, va ser un distingit líder de l'aristocràcia, va ser cònsol amb Lèpid al 78 aC, quan va resistir els esforços d'aquest per derogar els actes de Sul·la. Es va oposar al conferiment de poders extraordinaris a Pompeu al 67 aC i el 60 aC, i va ser censor amb Cras al 65 aC. Va morir l'any 60 aC. No existeixen evidències que estigués interessat en la filosofia. Al diàleg professa només estar exposant el punt de vista del seu pare. Catul el Vell va ser un home de gran cultura, però Ciceró no el va poder introduir al diàleg per raons de cronologia: va morir al 87 aC.

-Lucius Licinius Lucullus (c.110-57 aC) va ser també un partidari de Sul·la, i va ser famós com a conqueridor de Mitridates. Va ser reemplaçat en el seu comandament per Pompeu al 66 aC, i gradualment es va retirar de la vida pública.

-Quintus Hortensius (114-50 aC) va fer carrera i fortuna gràcies a la seva habilitat oratòria. Partidari de Sul·la i el partit aristocràtic, va ser cònsol al 69 aC. Hortensi va ser un oponent de Pompeu, i de la coalició de Pompeu amb Cras i Cèsar, al 60 aC es va retirar de la política.

-Marcus Terentius Varro (116-28 aC) Els seus treballs inclouen agricultura, gramàtica, religió, política, biografies, filosofia, geografia i lleis; algunes parts dels seus treballs d'agricultura i gramàtica ens han arribat. També va tenir una carrera pública, va encarregar-se del comandament naval contra els pirates i contra Mitridates, i va donar suport a Pompeu a la guerra civil, però després de Farsal Cèsar el va perdonar i va aprofitar els seus talents per a recopilar llibres per a un projecte de biblioteca pública.

Dates imaginàries del diàleg
La data de la primera edició seria entre el 63 aC., l'any del consolat de Ciceró (al que fa al·lusió a Ac. II. 62), i el 60 aC, quan Catul va morir. En la segona edició la data imaginària seria propera a l'any de composició, el 45 aC.

Fonts
Ciceró menciona que els seus arguments per al dogmatisme són els del seu antic mestre, Antíoc d'Ascaló. Per a un efecte dramàtic Ciceró fa veure que Lucul·le digui que està produint els seus arguments dels seus debats amb Antíoc, però queda gairebé clar que Ciceró està escrivint amb un llibre d'Antíoc al davant, probablement el Sosus, un diàleg en el qual Antíoc s'enfrontava al seu antic mestre Filó. Els arguments en defensa de l'escepticisme vindrien parcialment d'un treball de Filó, el qual es anomenat, encara que no pel seu nom. El conjunt de la informació sobre les doctrines de Carnéades, probablement provindria de dos dels treballs de Clitòmac, així com el passatge històric del final.

Referències

Bibliografia
 CICERÓ, Marc Tul·li; RACKHAM, H.; De natura deorum, Academica (traducció en anglès), The Loeb Classical Library, 1933.
 CICERÓ, Marc Tul·li; Introducció, traducció i notes de PIMENTEL ÁLVAREZ, Julio; Cuestiones académicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, 1990 .
 HUNT, TERENCE J.; A textual history of Cicero's Academici Libri , Brill, 1998.
 PETERSSON, Torsten; Cicero, a biography; Biblo and Tannen, 1963.
 MACKENDRICK, Paul; The Philosophical Books of Cicero; Duckworth, 1989.
 CICERÓ, Marc Tul·li; Introducció i traducció de MILLARES CARLO, Agustín; Cuestiones académicas, Colección Austral, Espasa Calpe, 1972.

Enllaços externs
 The latin library, text en llatí
 Projecte Perseus, text en llatí

Tractats de Ciceró

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Miniature Golden Retrievers quickly became the love of my canine family as they have everything that full sized Goldens have to offer only in a smaller size and healthier body. Most of my Mini Retrievers mature from 20 to 30 pounds as full grown adults.
Our Minis were created using AKC Golden Retrievers and an AKC Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and now our multi generational puppies also contain a percentage of poodle often reducing shedding. Presently, our poodle percentage will range from 0 to 25 percent. All litters will be clearly marked as to if they contain miniature poodle and how high the percentage.
All adult breeding stock is annually screened for health problems prior to breeding. We sell every puppy vet checked with a health certificate and a 5year written health guarantee. All puppies are microchipped unless reserved otherwise.
Miniature Golden Retrievers have been designed to provide a smaller healthier version of their predecessor. Minis range in size from twenty to forty pounds depending on which Spaniel the breeder chooses to include in the mixture. Many breeders are also using a small percentage of miniature poodle to reduce dander and shedding. Mini Goldens are ideal for Americas small living spaces because they still are the sweet gentle and loyal dog that have been our family members for years but are also more portable with fewer health concerns.
Teacup Golden Retrievers- What are they? If you see an ad for a Teacup Golden Retriever for sale then chances are you are looking at a breeder specializing in Mini Golden Retrievers. There is no dog named Teacup Golden Retrievers. Teacup is industry jargon that describes a petite or small dog.
Comfort Retrievers If you see an ad for Comfort Retrievers for sale this is a synonym for Miniature Golden Retrievers. Since so many people with high anxiety, PTSD, and other stress disorders look to these dogs for comfort, thus the name Comfort Retrievers.
Mini Comfort Retrievers This is referring to miniature golden retrievers, which are known as Comfort Retrievers.
Small Golden Retrievers or Miniature Golden Retrievers This is pretty self-explanatory. Golden retrievers that are smaller than normal ones are referring to Mini Golden Retrievers.
Visit our Puppies page for info.


Re: Ducted fan on jon boat 14x36 will it work?
In searching mini airboat forum for air john projects you will find very few success stories. Johnboats typically are too narrow, have ribbed bottoms and will not perform like an airboat. You might consider finding a light weight used airboat hull and trying your fan motor to move it on water. Don't expect too much in the way of speed.
The key in mini airboats is light weight and displacement. There are threads on ducted fan applications. Use search function in the mini airboat category and avoid sure to fail time wasters. This is my opinion after costly trial and error, as well as research for nine years in chasing mini airboat projects. Good luck!
I will do some more research for sure before I start!!!
do you know the size of fan/prop or horsepower of engine you are planning to use?
Why not put it back on the hovercraft?
Your 503 Rotax with a B box would spin a bigger prop for sure. However, your prop should NEVER be longer than your hull's width!!! Do some homework in the mini airboat section of this site. My mini is a12' x 7' Alumitec with a 583 Rotax C box 2 blade Razor X Core weighing just under 500#. It would haul your 400# load with ease and barely sip gas.
That is what I want to achieve. Good fuel economy, and to get me to my hunting spot river here is all smooth sand and unreliable depth. More than likely going to prop this motor and scratch anything with the fan!!!
Ducts and fans I know about because I am into hovercrafts.
To find out lots about fans,required hp and static thrust produced go to Hoverhawk .
Ducts are a waste of time unless they are made correctly. Universal hovercraft has plans for them. The specs need to be followed to the letter or don't even bother. If its done right about a 15% increase in static thrust can be gained if your talking about 48 inch dia. props.
Once you get into ducted 5 and 6 foot dia. props the parasitic drag and weight becomes greater and gains in thrust are lost when moving wide open throttle.
Find an airboat hull and slap a jet ski motor in it. I have a 12x7 with a yamaha 760 in it, it will run 2 inches of sand bottom all day until you stop, then you need at least 8" to pop back on a plane. Great gas mileage, electric start,stick steering, low maintenance, can build for pretty cheap.


When it comes to business trends, most agree we are returning to an appreciation of the basics. You know: real value propositions, paying customers, and profits.
This week, no less a financial authority than Morgan Stanley, with 1,300 offices in 42 countries and 60,000 employees, released their latest take on what creates meaningful financial performance. It is a report about what makes a good investment--mostly unsurprising, with one huge new twist.
The new global report on how best to evaluate stocks releases a new model that values gender diversity in a quantifiable sense.
Gender diversity delivers better fundamentals?
1) Higher gender diversity companies have better fundamentals, slightly higher ROE, lower accruals, and lower volatility of ROE compared with relevant non- diverse peers.
2) Higher gender diversity companies have moderately outperformed non-diverse peers over the past five years.
4) As a matter of fact, low gender diversity is associated with more drawdowns and more blowups.
Credit for the political correctness, and the leading thinking behind this model, goes to Adam Parker, Chief US Equity Strategist, and the main portfolio manager behind an individual stock model that Morgan Stanley offers as a core strategy. His strategy is on trend with insights accompanying the venture capital downturn and the rise of women entrepreneurs nationally as an economic driver.
"Dr. Parker is very smart, but even better than that is his focus on substantiating conclusions with vast amounts of research and data," says Frank Vorndran, a financial advisor with Morgan Stanley in Washington, DC. "He and his team have the strong research and data to support the conclusions that gender diversity matters in investment performance. For those that don't know that it matters, this may convince them."
In a time when many investors are fishing in over-crowded pools, Morgan Stanley is striking a strong note that the shape of future performance is curvy.
Consider the emerging trend that that 41% of entrepreneurs today are minorities or women in the United States. Plus, minority-founded or gender-diverse companies are correlated with stronger financial performance.
While correlation does not prove causality, insisting on scientific causality for financial performance puts up a false barrier to picking high performing companies. There are too many qualitative factors in any one company's trajectory, talent and leadership to control all the causal variables--so causality is a red herring no one's going to be able to prove.
However, thoughtful studies and models like this one from Morgan Stanley are interesting contributions to the frontier of informed investing. Their model strikes a realistic note in how to model performance and the quantifiable benefits of diversity in creating cash-conscious, capital efficient value. Now, it's up to us to put it to work in our financial and business decisions.


Puma Vikky Velvet Platform Sneaker – Women's – Platform shoes are sandals, shoes, or boots having an evident thick sole, typically within the ranged of three-ten cm (one-four in). Platform shoes can also be high heels, by which case the heel is raised considerably higher when compared to the ball of the foot. Extreme heights, of equally the sole and heel, can be found in fetish footwear like ballet boots, where the sole can be up to twenty cm (eight in) high, and the heels up to 40 cm (sixteen in) and much more. The sole of the platform shoe might have a continuous uniform thickness, have got a wedge, a separate block or a stiletto heel.


Fishing. Biking. ATVing. Kayaking. Boating. Camping. Yes, it's summertime in Eagle River.
Home to the World's Largest Chain of 28 Lakes, the Eagle River area is famous for fishing. Perhaps best known as the site of the Professional Musky Tournament Trail, Eagle River is equally renowned by bass and walleye enthusiasts (and has produced the state record walleye). The area's fishing guides can assist visitors interested in targeting any of these species, or help introduce youngsters to the sport with a morning or afternoon of panfish action.
Angling isn't the area's only appeal on Eagle River area lakes and rivers. Pontoon boat passengers and jet boaters wave to each other as if they were longtime friends. Sometimes, they are. Water skiers and jet skiers test new skills on their favorite lake. Paddlers are also drawn to the region with its plethora of lakes and streams (many of them interconnected). There are opportunities galore for canoers, kayakers or stand-up paddleboarders – all of which are available for rent from various area businesses. No matter the activity, the open water quickly fills with the sounds of laughter and good tunes in the summer.
On land, the area's dense boreal forests and wetlands teem with wildlife – including eagles—making it a nature photographer's dream. Eagle River is also a playground for hikers, mountain bikers and ATVers, with hundreds of miles of trails and routes available.
Eagle River also hosts a variety of diverse summer events. Craft beer aficionados will enjoy the Up North Beerfest in June, while aspiring lumberjacks (and lumberjills) will appreciate the activities at the Paul Bunyan Fest in August and bicyclists of all levels can enjoy natural beauty during the SepTimber Ride.
Visitors to the Eagle River area have a range of lodging options to choose from. For those who'd like to be closer to nature, there are multiple campgrounds to choose from, while guests needing a slip or parking spot for their boats also have multiple options. At the other end of the spectrum, a number of resorts are ready to pamper visitors with luxurious amenities.
Eagle River isn't home to only one summer pastime, its home to your summer pastime. Check out EagleRiver.org to plan your summer getaway today.


text:
I'm a self-taught pianist and music arranger, and Vasaria Project is the product of my passion and dedication.
I never took any kind of music lessons, nor can I read sheet music – my heart is the only score I need.
Because emotions must be felt, not comprehended.
And since sharing our experiences is what makes them meaningful, playing the piano,
if we think about it as an emotional catalyst, is what makes me feel truly alive.
© 2023 VASARIA PROJECT ● Self-taught pianist and music arranger
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Troubled singer Pete Doherty stole the limelight at the Ivor Novello awards.
Doherty spoke of his love for supermodel Kate Moss and his relationship with her two-year-old daughter Lila. He also claimed his home had been "bugged" in a mystery conspiracy.
The Babyshambles and former Libertines front man made a typically shambolic arrival at the awards, wearing a straw hat and with black marker pen scrawled over his face.
He went on to tell of his fears that he is being kept under 24-hour surveillance.
"I found a bug, a hidden camera, in my house," he claimed. "I don't want to talk about it, it's being investigated."
Doherty - who claims he has been free of heroin for the past three months after having an implant fitted - added: "I'm a bit paranoid."
He turned up alone because Moss is working today.
"I'm bang in love with Kate," he said. "She's the one for me."
The couple have just returned from holiday in the south of France with Lila, Moss's daughter by magazine boss Jefferson Hack.
"Lila's a bossy boots," he said. "We argue about crayons. We like singing and dancing. She's really sweet."
Doherty revealed he is writing a song about Moss called What Katie Did Next. He also said the model will be joining him on stage at Glastonbury this summer.
Doherty was nominated in the best contemporary song category, but lost out to Franz Ferdinand with Take Me Out.
Keane were named songwriters of the year, and the Streets, AKA Mike Skinner, won best song, musically and lyrically, with Dry Your Eyes.
Vertigo by U2 was named international hit of the year.
Toxic by Britney Spears was named the most performed work and the award for best-selling UK single went to Do They Know It's Christmas? by Band Aid 20.
Rolling Stones Sir Mick Jagger and Keith Richards were given a special songwriting award.
Duran Duran were honoured for their outstanding contribution to British music, Queen for their outstanding song collection, and Robert Smith of the Cure won an award for international achievement.
The Ivor Novello awards, in their 50th anniversary year, were held at the Grosvenor House Hotel on London's Park Lane.


Counting is hard. You might be surprised to hear me say that, but it's true. As a data scientist, I've done it all - everything from simple regression analysis all the way to coding Hadoop MapReduce jobs that process hundreds of billions of data points each month. And, with all that experience, I've found that counting often involves far more time and effort.
He makes it look so easy!
So why do I think counting is so hard? Let me give you three reasons.
A local Harris Teeter in my area. Usually, their prices are higher… except when they're not. Honestly, I don't really know.
Obviously, this is a really terrible way to manage my grocery budget – I probably spring for "deals" that are nothing of the sort all the time. So, as a data scientist, I got to thinking… what if I could keep tabs on this? Build a database of historic prices for various items, so I'd know when to pull the trigger on sales. Seems straightforward enough.
Well, I needed some data to get started. So, I figured I'd see if I could programmatically scrape prices out of the online weekly ad for my local Kroger store. In this post I'll walk through how I got that set up… and, as this project moves along, I'll post updates on what I do with the data.
In this how-to video, the author merges customer data with Google Analytics data via Google BigQuery. Luckily, you can unlock these kinds of features without having to take out a second mortgage.
Think that sounds like a cool idea? Let's get started.


Customer relationship management (CRM) systems are an essential tool for a business to have so that it can maximize its profit potential from the customers who have already interacted with it. The CRM system made by Close.io is an ideal solution for tracking all types of information. Customers who have signed up for email lists or deal information but who have not made a purchase yet could trigger the system to send out an introductory offer. The software made by Close.io could also be used to send reorder reminders to people who have not made another order in a while. The software is also useful for tracking buying patterns and purchase categories. IT can be used to predict what other items a customer might be interested in purchasing. The system can be set up to send email suggestions or recommended products when the customer logs into his or her account.


Handcrafted by our artisans completely in reclaimed teak, this unostentatious console serves a useful purpose, even in the narrowest of hallways. Paired together, both consoles sit nested together, allowing you two tiers of display space with a conjoining lower tier for wider display space. Enjoy a 20% discount when you purchase both Capucines together.


text:
A Confederação dos Esportes e Comitê Olímpico e Paralímpico Norueguês () é a organização principal para o esporte na Noruega. É a maior organização de voluntariado na Noruega, com mais de dois milhões de membros e doze mil clubes desportivos em dezenove confederações regionais e cinquenta e quatro federações nacionais. O seu atual presidente é Børre Rognlien.

A organização foi fundada em 1861 como Centralforeningen for Udbredelse af Legemsøvelser og Vaabenbrug, e mais tarde mudou de nome várias vezes. O nome atual data do ano de 2007.

Ex-presidentes
Os presidentes antes de 1940:

Centralforeningen 1861–1910
1861-1864 Otto Richard Kierulf
1864-1867 Nils Christian Irgens
1867-1869 Otto Richard Kierulf
1869-1878 Lars Broch
1878-1881 Lars Christian Dahll
1881-1885 Edvard Eriksen
1885-1887 Olaf Petersen
1887-1892 Andreas Løwlie
1892-1902 Carl Sylow
1902-1904 Thorvald Prydz
1904-1906 Frithjof Jacobsen
1906-1916 Oscar Strugstad
1916-1919 Hans Daae

Norges Riksforbund for Idræt 1910–1919
1910-1914 Johan Martens
1914-1918 Johan Sverre
1918-1919 Leif S. Rode

Norges Landsforbund for Idræt 1919–1940
1919-1925 Hjalmar Krag
1925-1930 Leif S. Rode
1930-1932 Jørgen Martinius Jensen
1932-1936 Daniel Eie
1936-1940 Carl Christiansen

Arbeidernes Idrettsforbund 1924–1940
1924-1926 Harald Liljedahl
1926-1927 Oscar Hansen
1927-1928 Thor Jørgensen
1928-1931 Thorvald Olsen
1931-1935 Trygve Lie
1935-1939 Arthur Ruud
1939-1940 Rolf Hofmo

Rød Sport 1931–1934
1931- Oscar Hansen

Durante a ocupação alemã da Noruega
NLF e AIF foram fundidas em setembro de 1940, mas a nova organização foi logo usurpada pelas autoridades nazistas durante a ocupação da Noruega pela Alemanha nazista.

1940-1940 Olaf Helset (deposto)
1940-1942 Egil Reichborn-Kjennerud
1942-1944 Charles Hoff

NIF 1946–1996
1946-1948 Olaf Helset
1948-1951 Arthur Ruud
1961-1965 Axel Proet Høst
1965-1967 Johan Chr. Schønheyder
1967-1963 Torfinn Bentzen
1973-1984 Ole Jacob Bangstad
1984-1990 Hans B. Skaset
1990-1994 William Engseth
1994-1996 Arne Myhrvold

Norges Olympiske Komite 1965–1996
1965-1969 Jørgen Jahre
1969-1985 Arne B. Mollén
1985-1989 Jan Gulbrandsen
1989-1996 Arne Myhrvold

Norges Idrettsforbund og Olympiske Komite 1996–2007
1996-1999 Arne Myhrvold
1999-2004 Kjell Olav Kran
2004-2004 Grethe Fossli (em exercício)
2004-2007 Karl-Arne Johannessen
2007-2007 Odd-Roar Thorsen (em exercício)
2007-2007 Tove Paule

Norges Idrettsforbund og Olympiske og Paralympiske Komite 2007–

2007-2011 Tove Paule
2011- Børre Rognlien

Ver também
 Noruega nos Jogos Olímpicos
 Noruega nos Jogos Paralímpicos

Ligações externas

Noruega
Noruega
Noruega
Noruega
Noruega nos Jogos Olímpicos
Noruega nos Jogos Paralímpicos
Organizações esportivas da Noruega
Organizações dirigentes do esporte para deficientes
Organizações esportivas fundadas em 1861


Microsoft Office 365 Pro Plus is available to enrolled students at no cost.
Students are eligible to buy software at discounted prices, including Windows 10.
Microsoft Office 365 Pro Plus is available to current Marquette employees at no cost.
For further information, contact the IT Services Help Desk.


Would you like a world-class drummer to play on your musical project?
No problem! Have your tracks expertly played and recorded by Paul to your stylistic and creative specification.
How Does It All Work? – Let's Make It Easy!
Simply make an initial enquiry using the CONTACT form on the website to provide some basic information about your project (i.e. name of artist/band, basic outline of project, number of tracks required, stylistic guidelines, project time frame).
On receipt of this information, Paul will contact you personally to discuss your requirements in further detail, including all the technical specifications, project procedures and financial proposals – with no obligation either way, at this stage.
Once everything has been discussed, and you are happy to proceed, then your project can begin!
For further information on Paul's studio and related services, please check out the Studio Tour and Studio Session videos, plus the selection of Audio Files.
Check Out Paul's tribute to Robby Ameen, recorded in his studio.
Check Out Paul's Tribute To Will Kennedy, recorded in his studio.
More Video and Audio examples!
3: Stereo mix of the drum part with processing, plus backing track.
Please note, bearing in mind the file sizes and download speeds, the following audio examples have been converted to MP3 files from the stereo mix of the master WAV files.
If possible, please listen on good quality speakers, or headphones, for an enhanced audio experience! Enjoy!
Check out Paul's Session Styles video above!


Pastor's Favorite: 11am Courageous Priorities - What Do You Value?
Once you have courageous conversations, make changes, create new plans and build the wealth you need. The next step for you is to set new courageous priorities.
Courageous Priorities: What Do You Value?
Building Courageous Wealth, Part 4 Pastor Ricky Temple answers questions on wealth, health, and well-being.
Why didn't the man with one talent take advantage of the wisdom of the men with more talents? They could have changed his life outcome.
Investing is becoming a lost art in many American's lives. But every human being, disciple of Jesus or not, has been entrusted with immense resources from God for which we will each be accountable. This message looks at the parable of the 3 Financial Managers in Matthew 25 while mining it for gems that can help all of us be better stewards of God's good gifts.


text:
Europe|Cameron Exploring Crackdown on Social Media After Riots
Cameron Exploring Crackdown on Social Media After Riots
By Eric Pfanner
PARIS — Prime Minister David Cameron of Britain said Thursday that the government, seeking to prevent a repeat of riots and looting in London and other British cities this week, might bar suspected troublemakers from using social media and other digital communications tools.
Mr. Cameron said that Theresa May, the Home secretary, would meet with executives of the Web companies Facebook and Twitter, as well as Research In Motion, maker of the BlackBerry smartphone, to discuss possible measures that could be put in place.
"Everyone watching these horrific actions will be struck by how they were organized via social media," Mr. Cameron told Parliament during a special debate on the riots. "Free flow of information can be used for good. But it can also be used for ill.
"And when people are using social media for violence we need to stop them. So we are working with the police, the intelligence services and industry to look at whether it would be right to stop people communicating via these Web sites and services when we know they are plotting violence, disorder and criminality."
While Mr. Cameron said that the Internet and sophisticated mobile phones had been used to coordinate the violence, his call for curbs drew protests from free-speech campaigners, saying they were reminiscent of moves by Arab rulers to block digital communications during anti-government uprisings this year.
Free-speech groups said restrictions on the use of social media or smartphones would be difficult to enforce and could violate basic freedoms.
"It seems like a bizarre and kind of knee-jerk reaction by the government," said Padraig Reidy, news editor of Index on Censorship. "We've seen this kind of thing time and time again, especially with young people, when it comes to technology. Now it's social networks and smartphones. A few years ago it was video games. Before that it was horror films."
"More recently, we've seen this kind of thing in Egypt," he said, where the government last winter moved to block access to the Internet and mobile phone networks as protesters took to the streets. "Just because you can do it doesn't mean you should. These things weren't caused by Twitter or BlackBerry."
Index on Censorship said that the police should be allowed access to messages related to specific investigations, but should not be permitted to monitor or suspend communications.
The police said Thursday that they had arrested three people in Southampton, England, on suspicion of using BlackBerry Messenger or Twitter to encourage rioting.
The Guardian newspaper has published examples of "broadcasts" that BlackBerry users sent to their contacts, urging them to join in the looting and arranging gatherings. The BlackBerry Messenger service is difficult for the law-enforcement authorities to track.
"If you're down for making money, we're about to go hard in east london tonight, yes tonight!!" one of these broadcasts read. "I don't care what ends you're from, we're personally inviting you to come and get it in."
While the BlackBerry used to be seen mostly in the hands of business executives, its security features and low price, relative to competing devices, have helped it gain new adherents. According to Ofcom, the British telecommunications regulator, it is the most popular smartphone among British teenagers, with a 37 percent market share
Britain is not the only place where BlackBerry Messenger has come under scrutiny from law enforcement officials and politicians over its tight security. After being threatened with a ban on its services in countries like Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, Research In Motion has made certain concessions.
The company declined to comment on Mr. Cameron's remarks, falling back on a statement it issued earlier in the week, in which it said: "As in all markets around the world where BlackBerry is available, we cooperate with local telecommunications operators, law enforcement and regulatory officials. Similar to other technology providers in the U.K. we comply with the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act and co-operate fully with the Home Office and U.K. police forces."
Neither the government nor Research In Motion has provided details about this cooperation, or about what, if any, information might have been turned over to the police.
Twitter could not immediately be reached for comment. Facebook, meanwhile, said it had already removed "credible threats of violence" from the site, as well as accounts that were registered under fake names.
Facebook also emphasized that social networks were used in positive ways by Britons responding to the riots, including mass cleanups by neighborhood residents brandishing brooms.
"We look forward to meeting with the home secretary to explain the measures we have been taking to ensure that Facebook is a safe and positive platform for people in the U.K. at this challenging time," the company said.
Mr. Cameron's call for a crackdown on social media echoes recent calls for a "civilized Internet" by President Nicolas Sarkozy of France.
While Mr. Cameron and the police said that digital technology fueled the rioting, law enforcement officials have also used social media in their investigation. The police, for example, have posted pictures of suspects on Flickr, a photo-sharing site.
Gareth Davies, head of the digital practice at MSL Group in London, a public relations agency, said any curbs on social media or communications networks held risks, saying these tools were also used, for example, by people trying to avoid trouble spots. Meanwhile, all anyone who wanted to join a riot had to do was to turn on their television, where 24-hour news channels were providing blanket coverage.
"You can't really blame social networks and smartphones for this," Mr. Davies said. "It's not as if people were saying, 'O.K., I've got Blackberry Messenger, now let's go riot.' There were riots long before there was BlackBerry Messenger."


College Coach? Click here to view all of Jasi's information.
Recently transfered from USTA Southern to USTA Texas in September.
- Played #1 Singles and went undefeated in matches from 9th-11th grades all the way through Regionals.
- 3A in 2011-2012, Howard HS Tennis Won Regionals and made it to State Championships "Sweet 16"
I am an energetic female who works hard to achieve my goals by giving my best...each point, each game, each set, each match. I am an all-round athlete who has also run track, played varsity basketball (9th - 11th grade) and varsity tennis (9th - 12th grade) for my school. My agility, speed and conditioning from other sports have helped with my tennis game. I have played the #1 Singles spot each year and have not dropped a game during the conference and during the first round of the state championship. I proudly accepted the title of "Top Dawg" award, the highest achievement given for our tennis team. I started playing tennis when I was six years old, and my highest ranking was #13 in 2005. My desire is to play tennis in college. I am open to different types of schools, although I am focusing on schools that have an excellent music and liberal arts program. My dream, like so many tennis players is to play in the U.S Open. For now, I am dedicated to playing at the collegiate level, with a team that believes that the sky is the limit and that commitment, teamwork, respect for each other, sweat and hard work will get the job done.
Invited to play for Billy Jean King's Nashville Team. I played #1 Singles, #1 Doubles and Mixed Doubles playing a total of 7 matches.


VIN 1FT8X3D69BEA64980 was found in a recall database. Check full report for more information.
VIN 1FT8X3D69BEA64980 might include history records. Check full report for more information.
Do you know how much insurance costs for 2011 Ford F-350 Super Duty?
Is this Vehicle Safe? See 2011 Ford F-350 Super Duty Safety Report.
How Environmentally Friendly is this 2011 Ford F-350 Super Duty?


text:
#ifndef BINGHAM_CONSTANTS_H
#define BINGHAM_CONSTANTS_H

void bingham_constants_init();
void bingham_dY_params_3d(double *Z, double *F, double *dY);
double bingham_F_lookup_3d(double *Z);
void bingham_dF_lookup_3d(double *dF, double *Z);

double bingham_F_table_get(int i, int j, int k);
double bingham_dF1_table_get(int i, int j, int k);
double bingham_dF2_table_get(int i, int j, int k);
double bingham_dF3_table_get(int i, int j, int k);
double bingham_dF_table_get(int a, int i, int j, int k);

/*//---------------- Bingham normalizing constants F(z) and partial derivatives ------------------//*/

double bingham_F_1d(double z);
double bingham_dF_1d(double z);
double bingham_F_2d(double z1, double z2);
double bingham_dF1_2d(double z1, double z2);
double bingham_dF2_2d(double z1, double z2);
double bingham_F_3d(double z1, double z2, double z3);
double bingham_dF1_3d(double z1, double z2, double z3);
double bingham_dF2_3d(double z1, double z2, double z3);
double bingham_dF3_3d(double z1, double z2, double z3);

/*//----------------- Bingham F(z) "compute_all" tools --------------------//*/

void compute_all_bingham_F_2d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
			      double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step);
void compute_all_bingham_dF1_2d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
				double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step);
void compute_all_bingham_dF2_2d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
				double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step);
void compute_all_bingham_F_3d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
			      double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step,
			      double z3_min, double z3_max, double z3_step);
void compute_all_bingham_dF1_3d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
				double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step,
				double z3_min, double z3_max, double z3_step);
void compute_all_bingham_dF2_3d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
				double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step,
				double z3_min, double z3_max, double z3_step);
void compute_all_bingham_dF3_3d(double z1_min, double z1_max, double z1_step,
				double z2_min, double z2_max, double z2_step,
				double z3_min, double z3_max, double z3_step);

void compute_range_bingham_F_2d(double *y, int n);
void compute_range_bingham_dF1_2d(double *y, int n);
void compute_range_bingham_dF2_2d(double *y, int n);
void compute_range_bingham_F_3d(double *y, int n, int k0, int k1);
void compute_range_bingham_dF1_3d(double *y, int n, int k0, int k1);
void compute_range_bingham_dF2_3d(double *y, int n, int k0, int k1);
void compute_range_bingham_dF3_3d(double *y, int n, int k0, int k1);

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub