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Nnnew telecom policy 1999 pdf
The new telecom policy, 1999 was formulated on the basis of the report of group on telecommunication. However, telecom policy 2015 is aimed at integration of the above policies and making it consistent with change in market structure and upcoming. In late 2000, the number was around 96 and increasing. In the new telecom policy of 1999, the government recognized that provision of world class telecommunications infrastructure and information is the key to rapid economic and social development of. The period was characterized by policy measures aimed at total deregulation of the industry and privatisation of all government interest. The last decade is characterised by significant penetration of telecommunications in india. Pdf telecommunications reform and the emerging new.
The telecom regulatory authority of india trai and department of telecommunication dot are the the two main governing. Copy of the official memorandum signed by the concerned authority is also available. According to this, the government will finalize the new telecom policy 2018 by february 2018. Telecom commission approves net neutrality, new telecom policy. Nine new regulators were established between mid1998 and mid1999. The new telecom policy, expected by march 2018, will focus on providing affordable internet access to 1. The new economic policy adopted by the government aims at improving indias competitiveness in the global market and rapid growth of exports. The new telecom policy aimed at attracting an investment of. Article information, pdf download for telecom policy reforms in india, open epub for.
The telecom sector has witnessed rapid changes in the last five years. Telecom policy reforms in india rajat kathuria, 2000. Two landmark acts prevail today, the communications act of 1934 and the telecommunications act of 1996. The terms broadband and bandwidth are double quoted throughout the document to indicate they are being officially adopted in nepal. One of the main goals of the 1994 policy was to increase accessibility to telecom services. The committee enquired about the factors that necessitated the formulation of the new telecom policy 1999 when the national telecom policy 1994 was not given a fair trial. The gois enunciation of a policy of economic liberalization in 1991 provided the real impetus for reform.
Policy telecommunications infrastructure investment internet abstract telecommunications infrastructure goes through technologyinduced phases, and the regulatory regime follows. National telecom policy 2012 national portal of india. The first major change was brought about in 1999 when the nda government introduced a liberal new telecom policy. When contextually appropriate, ict, internet and broadband are used interchangeably. The new telecom policy 1999 has been a catalyst for growth of the telecom sector. Economic wealth and telecommunication policy were also reported as the most salient predictors of a nations internet connectivity hargittai, 1999. Jul 11, 2018 the telecom commission on wednesday approved the new telecom policy and the recommendations on net neutrality, according to sources. The case for centralized authority, incompetition, regulation and convergence.
National telecom policy, 1994 the centre for internet and. The mobile cellular boom worldwide mobile cellular subscribers, and share by region, 199098 note. The objectives of national telecom policy 1999 drafted by the department of telecommunication dot, government of india, resulted from the fast change in the overall scenario of the telecommunication industry of india. Telecom ireland limited order 1999 and shall come into force on 5th january 2000. Recent telecommunications policy articles elsevier. New telecom policy, 2012 in the last few years the regulators have come down heavily on the players in the telecom industry and the industry has been marred with scams and controversies. Pdf the indian telecommunication industry is the fastest growing in the. The telecommunications policy in the us is a framework of law directed by government and the regulatory commissions, most notably the federal communications commission. Telecom commission gives nod to net neutrality, new telecom. Vision and objectives vision the republic of ghana has been at the forefront of the information and communications revolution in africa for more than a decade. World telecommunication development report 1999 executive summary in order to avoid the higher costs for consumers associated with multiple systems, the itu goal is to achieve a global standard for 3g through an initiative called imt2000, or international mobile telecom munications2000 supplying mobile cellular networks have evolved in both.
The telecom regulatory authority of india trai and department of telecommunication dot are the the two main governing bodies of the indian telecommunication. This approved national policy on telecommunications was launched in october 1999. New telecom policy how is new telecom policy abbreviated. Entrepreneurship and public policy were shown to have differed. The eus telecom policy was and still is based on three basic elements. Equipment any instrument, machine or device used or prepared to be used in telecommunication services. Although bw is normally used as an acronym to bandwidth, double quoted unabbreviated term is used throughout the document. Telecommunication regulation in the united states and. National telecom policy 2012 policy media, telecoms.
Telecommunications policy vol 42, issue 1, pages 1106. This policy reflected a change in the mindset of policy makers, which led to a structural shift in the indian economy. The progress of telecommunication reforms in india stanford king. Telecommunication terminal equipment telecommunication equipment used by a user to connect with a public or private telecommunication network. The latter was intended to revise the first act and specifically to foster competition in the telecommunications industry. The number of telephone connections, at the end of february 2012, was 943 million, as. Get new telecom policy latest news, breaking news, videos, photos, special reports, trends, top news, opinions on new telecom policy at business standard by continuing to use this site you consent to the use of cookies on your device as described in our cookie policy unless you have disabled them. Telecommunications policy of the united states wikipedia. Access to telecommunications is of utmost importance for achievement of the countrys social and economic goals. Hertz hz frequency number of waves time in seconds wavespeed, v distance travelled by a wave in one second. Et telecom privacy and cookie policy has been updated to align with the new data regulations in european union.
The main reason for a new telecom policy was that the goals of the national telecom policy, 1994 were not achieved within the stipulated time. Get detailed information about the national telecom policy ntp 2012 by department of telecommunications, ministry of communications and information technology. The period between 1999 till date is commonly referred to as years of full liberalisation for telecom industry. A sound ntp2018 requires sustainable, integrated policies that address our realities by continuing to use this site you consent to the use of cookies on your device as described in our cookie policy unless you have disabled them. It city applies to all users council members, employees, contractors, temporary employees, etc. The policy also aimed at providing world class quality telecom services and development of telecom services in india.
The government has recently announced the policy for internet service provision isp by private operators and has commenced licensing of the. New telecom policy, 1999 department of telecommunications. The growth in the establishment of separate regulators is illustrated graphically in figure 11. The current policy and regulatory framework is guided by the new telecommunications policy 1999 and the.
National telecom policy 1994 introduction objectives. In the new telecom policy of 1999, the government recognized that provision of. Read more about a new telecom policy that works on business standard. The objective of new telecom policy of 1999 was to transform telecom sector and bring more competitiveness into it. The policy aims at providing a pan india license, free roaming facility, affordable broadband and adequate availability of spectrum. Availability of affordable and effective communications for the citizens is at the core of the vision and goal of the telecom policy. The policy was generally wellreceived, but government observed that certain prescriptions needed finetuning during the course of implementation. As one of the first countries to introduce widespread liberalisation in basic telecommunications services, in august 1994, ghana took. The focus of the telecom policy shall be telecommunication for all and telecommunication within the reach of all.
The press report released by communications ministry is given below. However, the surplus will be shortlived, it will depress economic growth, and, in any. In pursuit of an aggressive market liberalisation policy, the. The objectives of the new telecom policy will be as follows. The new telecom policy is expected to be cleared by the union cabinet by the end of next month, communications minister manoj sinha said today. With a view to remove some of the bottlenecks, and move the liberalization process forward, the government of. Patricia hewitt minister of state for small business and ecommerce, 4th december 1999 department of trade and industry 1984 c. Jul 11, 2018 telecom commission gives nod to net neutrality, new telecom policy the net neutrality rules bar service providers from discriminating against internet services and content by blocking, throttling. Following extensive deliberations, the committee produced a draft policy that was approved by the president.
New telecom policy, 1999 technological convergence. Jun 18, 2012 this policy will replace the existing telecom policy formulated in 1999 and define the general direction that telecom policy in the country is expected to take. Growth in number of regulators separate regulators, by region, 1999. In reply, dot has stated that ntp1994 recognised that the required resources for achieving the set targets would not be.
World total calculated from sum of country fiscal year data. Telecommunication regulation in the united states and europe. Wave terms waves carry energy from place to place and therefore they can be used to transmit signals. Policy support the government has been proactive in its efforts to transform india into a global telecommunication hub. Each of the applicable systems is hereby designated as a public telecommunication system. Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e. New telecom policy, 1999 centre for internet and society. Telecom commission gives nod to net neutrality, new. It is, therefore, necessary to give the highest priority to the development of telecom services in the country. Telecom commission gives nod to net neutrality, new telecom policy the net neutrality rules bar service providers from discriminating against.
Users can find the preamble, vision, mission, objectives, strategy, etc. National telecom policy 1994 introduction the new economic policy adopted by the government aims at improving indias competitiveness in the global market and rapid growth of exports. Randall wray a federal government surplus has finally been achieved, and it has been met with pronouncements that it is a great gift for the future and with arguments about what to do with it. A new telecom policy is likely to be in place by july 2018, communications minister manoj sinha said on wednesday. New telecom policy likely to be in place by july, says. In reply, dot has stated that ntp1994 recognised that the required resources for achieving the set. The telecom commission in may 1999, accorded in principle approval for registration of call. The national telecommunication policy of malaysia1994 2020 by malaysia government preface this document outlines the objectives, strategies and features of the national telecommunications policy ntp for the 1994 2020 period. Telecom policy of 1994 and the new telecom policy of 1999 established a strong and. Registration under other service providers osp category.
National telecom policy 2012 policy media, telecoms, it. The committee enquired about the factors that necessitated the formulation of the new telecom policy1999 when the national telecom policy 1994 was not given a fair trial. Nine new regulators were established between mid1998 and mid 1999. The policy plans on adopting what is known as the green policy in telecom. World telecommunication development report 1999 mobile. The first major change was brought about in 1999 when the nda government introduced a liberal new. It has been developed with an objective to enable a single window access to information and services being provided by the various indian government entities. Ntp 1994and ntp 1999have both granted increased favours to the private companies and discriminated bsnl. Further, state law precludes columbus state university employees from using state resources for personal gain or benefit. By julyend i am hopeful that the cabinet approval will come for the national digital communications policy, sinha told reporters here. A new telecom policy that works business standard column. National telecom policy, 1994 national portal of india.
Mar 14, 20 the policy will mostly likely be implemented on april 1, 20 and will replace the new telecom policy 1999. An official, who was part of the meeting, said that the telecom commission has approved the installation of around 12. National telecom policy, 1994 the centre for internet. National telecom policy 2018 may ensure internet access for 1. The national telecom policy, 1994 was formulated for the purpose of opening up the indian markets for foreign direct investment as well as domestic investment in the telecom sector. New telecom policy, 1999 free download as pdf file. The telecom commission on wednesday approved the new telecom policy and the recommendations on net neutrality, according to sources.
However, the national telecom policy 2012 policy recently approved by the union cabinet is ambitious and has. The new telecom policy, 1999 strived to create an environment which would enable a continued attraction of investment in the telecom sector and also enhance. The main reason for a new telecom policy was that the goals of the national telecom policy, 1994 were not achieved within the. National telecom policy 2018 may ensure internet access. Inputs for formulation of national telecom policy 2018. New telecom policy, 1999 the centre for internet and society.
Patricia hewitt minister of state for small business and ecommerce, 4th december. World telecommunication development report 1999 mobile cellular. It is certain that the ntp 2018 will not be different, especially since all the. Another element of the new economic policy is attracting foreign direct investment and stimulating domestic invest ment.
Developed asiapacific in the lower chart refers to australia, hongkong sar, korea rep. Pdf impact of reforms and policies on the growth of indian. It is the policy of columbus state university that the use of the institutes long distance telephone services is limited to official columbus state university business. As per new telecom policy ntp 1999, other service providers osp, such as telebanking, telemedicine, teletrading, ecommerce etc will be allowed to operate by using infrastructure provided by various access providers for non telecom services. This policy will replace the existing telecom policy formulated in 1999 and define the general direction that telecom policy in the country is expected to take. National telecommunications policy research ict africa.
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Martin Peerson (or Pearson, Pierson, Peereson) (between 1571 and 1573 – December 1650 or January 1651 and buried 16 January 1651) was an English composer, organist and virginalist. Despite Roman Catholic leanings at a time when it was illegal not to subscribe to Church of England beliefs and practices, he was highly esteemed for his musical abilities and held posts at St Paul's Cathedral and, it is believed, Westminster Abbey. His output included both sacred and secular music in forms such as consort music, keyboard pieces, madrigals and motets.

Life and career
From Peerson's will and the March marriage registers, it appears that he was the son of Thomas and Margaret Peerson of March, Cambridgeshire, in England. It is believed that Martin Peerson was born in the town of March between 1571 and 1573, as records show that his parents married in 1570, but a "Margaret Peersonn" was married in 1573. It therefore seems that Thomas Peerson died a few years after 1570 and that Martin's mother remarried.

In the 1580s, Peerson was a choirboy of St. Paul's Cathedral in London under organist Thomas Mulliner. Subsequently, he came under the patronage of the poet Fulke Greville. On May Day in 1604 Peerson's setting of the madrigal See, O See, Who is Heere Come a Maying was performed as part of Ben Jonson's Private Entertainment of the King and Queene at the house of Sir William Cornwallis at Highgate (now in London). A letter dated 7 December 1609 states that at the time Peerson was living at Newington (now Stoke Newington, London) and had composed several lessons for the virginals, which was his principal instrument. It appears that he had Roman Catholic sympathies, for that year, on the same occasion as Jonson, he was convicted of recusancy – the statutory offence of not complying with the established Church of England.

Peerson then took up musical studies at the University of Oxford.  In order to do so, he would have had to subscribe to Protestantism. In 1613, he was conferred a Bachelor of Music (B.Mus.) and was appointed Master of the Boys of Canterbury Cathedral. It is possible that he was the "Martin Pearson" who was sacrist at Westminster Abbey from 1623 to 1630. Between June 1624 and June 1625 he returned to St. Paul's Cathedral as almoner and Master of the Choristers; there is also some evidence suggesting he was later made a petty canon. Although all cathedral services ceased at the end of 1642 following the outbreak of the English Civil War, he retained the title of almoner and, along with the other petty canons and the vicars choral, had special financial provision made for him. Peerson is known to have been buried on 16 January 1651 in St. Faith's Chapel under St. Paul's. He therefore died in either December 1650 or, more likely, January 1651.

In spite of his Roman Catholic leanings, evidenced by the use of pre-Reformation Latin texts for his motets and his 1606 conviction for recusancy, Peerson's position at the heart of the Anglican establishment confirms the overall esteem in which he was held.

Music

Peerson's powerful patrons enabled him to print and publish a considerable quantity of his music, although little remains today. The only four extant keyboard pieces – "Alman", "The Fall of the Leafe", "Piper's Paven" and "The Primerose" – appear in the Fitzwilliam Virginal Book (c. 1609 – c. 1614), one of the most important sources of early keyboard music containing 298 pieces from the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean periods. He also set to music some of William Leighton's verses, written by the latter while in prison for debt. Together with works by other composers, these were published as The Teares and Lamentatacions of a Sorrowfull Soule in 1614. This was followed two years later by Tristiae Remedium, with texts assembled by the Reverend Thomas Myriell mainly using psalm texts in the English language.

In 1620 Peerson's collection Private Musicke was published. It contained secular music, including madrigals and consort songs, for one or two voices accompanied by viols or virginals. He published some metrical psalter tunes in Thomas Ravenscroft's 1621 work The Whole Booke of Psalmes with the Hymnes Evangelicall and Songs Spirituall, and then a group of Motets or Grave Chamber Musique in 1630 with English texts and the then-fashionable keyboard continuo; the latter work contains two very fine songs of mourning.

Thereafter, despite changing musical trends, Peerson's music showed significant roots in Renaissance polyphony. However, he was adept in the use of then-modern compositional procedures; this is evident in his often daring use of chromaticism, especially seen in word painting. Some of his finest music is contained in his set of 15 Latin motets, which was probably composed around the turn of the century. Existing only in a single copy, it originally consisted of five part-books but the Cantus book is lost. Richard Rastall, professor of historical musicology at the University of Leeds, spent 12 years reconstructing the missing part. The complete Latin motets have been published by Antico Edition, and a recording of their performance by Ex Cathedra entitled Peerson: Latin Motets was produced by Hyperion Records in 2005.

Selected works
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Notes

References
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Further reading
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Peerson, Martin ([2001?]–), Rastall, Richard, ed., Complete Works, Newton Abbot, Devon, England: Antico Edition, OCLC 55506888. 2 vols.

External links

The Peerson Project by the University of Leeds

1570s births
1650s deaths
16th-century English composers
16th-century English musicians
17th-century English composers
17th-century English musicians
English Baroque composers
Cathedral organists
English classical organists
British male organists
English classical composers
Musicians from Cambridgeshire
People from March, Cambridgeshire
Renaissance composers
17th-century classical composers
English male classical composers
17th-century male musicians
Male classical organists

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PITTSBURGH _ The Pittsburgh City Council has given final approval to gun restrictions proposed after last year's synagogue massacre. SENT: NewsNow, will be updated.
HARRISBURG _ Polls are open in a special election for a vacant state Senate seat in politically divided suburban Pittsburgh where the sides are testing some national themes ahead of 2020′s presidential election. By Marc Levy.
HARRISBURG _ State lawmakers are expected to join rapper Meek Mill Tuesday at an event to unveil proposed changes to Pennsylvania's probation law.
PROVIDENCE, R.I. _ Most states that moved quickly to legalize sports betting after a recent Supreme Court decision are still waiting for the expected payoff. Tax revenue has so far fallen far short of expectations in four of the six states where gambling on sporting events started last year, according to an Associated Press analysis. By Jennifer McDermott and Geoff Mulvihill. 950 words, photos.
PITTSBURGH _ In nearly every corner of Carrick Classic Lanes, dusty bowling balls peer out of the shadows like surprised faces. "If they could talk, they'd have one heck of a story to tell about this place," said Lisa Casen, who has owned the alley with her husband, Jeff Jackson, since 2007. When it was constructed in 1929 as Stanley Parlors, the Brownsville Road building boasted two floors of duckpin bowling, a variation of the sport that uses smaller balls and pins. The venue changed ownership and names numerous times and was converted into a traditional American 10-pin bowling alley in 1961. It remained in operation until 1995, shortly after it was featured in the Woody Harrelson bowling film "Kingpin." The couple from Adams Township are working to restore the recreation center. The project has proved more difficult than making a 7-10 split. Kristy Locklin, Tribune-Review.
THREE FOUND DEAD _ Prosecutors have dropped all charges against a woman in a robbery-related western Pennsylvania shooting that killed three people, including a 10-year-old girl.
CHICKEN RESTAURANT SHOOTING _ Authorities say a dispute at a Philadelphia chicken restaurant ended with two men being shot, including a bystander who wasn't involved in the argument.
GUN FOUND-NEWARK AIRPORT _ A Pennsylvania man found with a gun at a New Jersey airport told authorities he is on a competitive shooting team and forgot he had the weapon with him.
POLAND SPRING LAWSUIT _ A judge has given new life to a class-action lawsuit accusing Poland Spring of selling water that's sourced from wells, not springs.
DETROIT _ The Pittsburgh Penguins are a win away from clinching a 13th consecutive postseason bid against the suddenly successful Detroit Red Wings. UPCOMING: 600 words, photos.
DALLAS _ The Stars can clinch their first playoff berth since 2016 with a win over Philadelphia, an extra-time loss or an Arizona loss in a later game. Dallas moved to the brink of the postseason with a 3-0-1 swing through Canada. By Schuyler Dixon. UPCOMING: 650 words, photos. Game starts 7:30 p.m. CT.
PITTSBURGH _ Pittsburgh Pirates first baseman Josh Bell is well aware his team's chances of competing in the NL Central rely heavily on his power numbers bouncing back after hitting just 12 home runs in 2018. He's hoping a retooled approach helps. By Will Graves. UPCOMING: 600 words by 6 p.m. EDT.
WASHINGTON _ Bryce Harper returns to Washington as a member of the Philadelphia Phillies, who face right-hander Max Scherzer and the Nationals in an NL East matchup. By David Ginsburg. UPCOMING: 700 words, photos. Game starts at 7:05 p.m. EDT.


The use of workers on temporary visas has increased in Australia over the last twenty years. Temporary migrant workers are very vulnerable due to the precarious nature of their work visa.
Employers from all industries in Australia exploit their vulnerability by systematically underpaying them and making billions of dollars from unpaid wages.
APC interviewed author and researcher Laurie Berg from the University of Technology Sydney about her latest research on the extent of this underpayment and the structural barriers that make it difficult for these workers to organise and claim their wages back.


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Kitz Ending, Explained: Is Vanessa Dead or Alive?
Arka Mukhopadhyay
Revenge is not always sweet. German original female-led revenge thriller drama 'Kitz' is a fascinating show about a pawn who sets out to be a queen. The journey has a few bumps until the car topples down the cliff. The story begins with the depiction of the accidental death of Joseph, an ordinary small-town boy who struck up a relationship with elite socialite Vanessa.
One year after the incident, Joseph's sister Lisi and his former boyfriend Hans chart the perfect plan to dismantle the Munich clique in Kitzbuhel. The drama is painted with a cerebral ambiance, the underlining class conflict is one worth noting, and the enthralling soundtrack may run shivers through your spine. Valerie Huber, Sofie Eifertinger, Bless Amada, and Felix Mayr play central roles in this riveting drama. If you seek to revisit the story's final moments in greater detail, let us dissect the tale. SPOILERS AHEAD.
Kitz Season 1 Recap
The intricate story untangles in Kitzbuhel, a small Alpine town in the Tyrolian Mountains. A prologue shows us Joseph driving home in the dead of night. While on the phone with Lisi, he sounds distressed, and his car veers off the course towards a cliff. A year later, Lisi Madlmeyer works at a local restaurant as a waitress. Among her friends are Antonia, who has lived in London, and Hans, a farmer boy whose family had a significant stake in the land before the arrival of the Munich people. On New Year's Eve, she gets a catering gig at the year's party hosted by elite libertine Vanessa. A year ago, Lisi got a scholarship to pursue studies in fashion from London's Saint Martins College.
However, after Joseph's tragic death, Lisi's plans for higher studies did not materialize. Now, she lives to exact vengeance upon Vanessa, whom she holds responsible for her brother's death. In the chalet, she meets Vanessa's metrosexual boyfriend, Dominik. She has a hostile encounter with Vanessa's proud friend Pippa but gets the limelight when she willingly drops a tray full of wine glasses on Vanessa's expensive dress. By staging a robbery with Hans, she gets in the good books of Vanessa. In consequence, Lisi earns herself an invite for brunch the next day, where she discovers Pippa to be having an illicit affair with Ferdinand, Vanessa's father.
Meanwhile, Dominik takes Lisi on a trip to the wine cellar. Vanessa catches him in the act of showering champagne over Lisi. Lisi gets an invite to Vanessa's members-only spa session. At the spa, tensions arise when Kosh arrives uninvited. Kosh uploaded one of Vanessa's pictures on social media several years ago, and Vanessa still holds Kosh responsible for the incident. However, the friends contain the heated situation with water-splashing shenanigans and promises of further hedonism. Pippa threatens Lisi that Vanessa's best friend position is reserved, and Lisi should not waste time trying.
Lisi tries to intimidate Pippa regarding her secret affair with Ferdinand, but Pippa is nonchalant. They head to the lowly country club that night despite Pippa's reservations. After a chance encounter between Kosh and Hans, Lisi encourages the party to play a game of truth and dare. After apologizing for the earlier conduct, Hans also joins the fun. When Lisi's turn comes, Hans asks Lisi to show the last message she received on her phone. The notification happens to be a threat from Pippa that she would ruin Lisi's life if the truth comes to light. Pippa gets cropped out of the picture with the episode, while Lisi takes Pippa's role in Vanessa's life.
Lisi also grows closer to Dominik. After a kiss at the country club, Dominik does not leave Lisi's tail. However, things get complicated when Dominik's attempts become too prying. Without informing her, Dominik visits Lisi's familial ski shop and lends Lisi his Maserati following her car wreck. He also takes photos of a dress Lisi designed under her nose, only to send to his fashion designer mother. However, when Dominik comes around to tell Lisi that Regine will showcase the dress in her next event, Lisi strongly reprimands him. When Kosh suspects Lisi and Dominik's liaison, Lisi frames Kosh with Vanessa's family heirloom watch that Hans stole.
Vanessa wants to be an actress, but she is out of luck. After some anonymous morale boost, Lisi tells Vanessa to record an impromptu video clip and send it to a big-shot casting director. Vanessa is not sure about herself. But when Lisi tries to incite a reaction by blaming Vanessa and her class for the gentrification of Kitzbuhel, Vanessa rants about it. Lisi steals the phone and procures the video. While Hans urges her to publish the video, Lisi delays her developing feelings for Dominik. While the video is potentially scandalous, Vanessa sends a voice clip to Lisi thanking her. When she runs an errand to Dominik's house, however, she catches Lisi and Dominik in the act of making love. With this impasse, the tensions reach a boiling point.
Kitz Season 1 Ending: Is Vanessa Dead or Alive? Is She Responsible for Joseph's Death?
After giving it some thought, Lisi publishes the video. The video causes media outrage and potentially destroys Vanessa's career. After the video goes public, Vanessa calls up Lisi to spill that she knows about Dominik's illicit affair with Lisi. Lisi comes rushing to Vanessa's chalet. Vanessa tells Lisi that she has deduced Lisi's pivotal role in the puzzle. Vanessa also stresses that she loved Joseph. We realize that Vanessa is not as terrible a person as is apparent from the surface. She is pretty intelligent and can put two and two together. Vanessa also deduces that the burglary attempt was also planned by Lisi, while Kosh is late to catch on. Vanessa had an affair with Joseph while in a relationship with Dominik, and the triangle led to Joseph's death.
However, while they are in the middle of the conversation, the video causes enough outrage that village local Basto takes three other villagers to enact vandalism on Vanessa's property. Basto throws a bottle of alcohol through the window, and it shatters near the fireplace. Alcohol spills all over the living room, and it does not take long for the house to catch fire. As the situation turns out of control, Vanessa and Lisi attempt to escape the house. Lisi looks for the staircase to the upper floor and rushes to the balcony. As she looks down the terrace, Dominik stands underneath, waiting to rescue her. However, Vanessa cannot make it to the balcony. When the fire brigade comes and pulls Vanessa out, it is seemingly too late. Vanessa dies, but more drama waits to unravel at her funeral.
From Patrizia, the sober sister of Vanessa, Lisi comes to know that Vanessa really loved Joseph. When Lisi asks Patrizia about possible abnormal events on the day of Joseph's death, Patrizia cannot remember anything out of the ordinary, apart from Vanessa losing her phone for a while. As the season comes to a close, we realize that Vanessa did not have a role in Joseph's death. Instead, it could be Dominik, who knows the combination of Vanessa's phone. He could have sneaked the phone past Vanessa, and maybe he texted Joseph all the terrible slurs. The final shot takes us back to the fateful night. We see Dominik obstructing the path of Joseph's car, holding a lantern. With the hair-raising cliffhanger, the story continues.
What Happens To Kosh? Do Kosh and Hans End Up Together?
Kosh comes off as one of the most endearing characters in the story. After losing his father, Kosh has inherited the luxury hotel at Kitzbuhel. While he fills his life's void with unabashed hedonism, we sense that he desperately wants friends and a family. Fed up with his life in a hotel, Kosh looks for home through meaningful, trustworthy relationships. In the beginning, Kosh courts village boy Hank, who is in league with Lisi. The land where the chalet stands belonged to Hank's family, and the parents sold it because they could not cultivate and maintain such a vast land. Now the land belongs to Kosh's family.
However, the two grow closer, their familial tensions notwithstanding. After the death of his former boyfriend Joseph, Hans also has a blank space in life, which he intends to fulfill with Kosh. Although Hank strikes up the relationship to materialize Lisi's plan, he genuinely falls for Kosh in the end. As the fog on Vanessa's death is lifted, Hans' family also accepts Kosh. However, in hindsight, helping out Lisi would have a drastic repercussion for Kosh. Just before her death, Vanessa extracted a confession from Lisi about her involvement in making the video. Following Vanessa's death, a shocked Lisi tarries to delete the recording. If it gets out, she will be complicit in the death.
Lisi is about to destroy the phone, but Dominik takes the phone to Vanessa's family. Dominik remembers to delete Vanessa's last messages to him from the phone. Lisi goes to Vanessa's house to delete the recordings, but Kosh catches her in the act. After listening to the complete story from Lisi, he goes back to Vanessa's parents' bedroom to delete the recording. While Kosh does the deed to save Hank and the relationship, it seems that their affair may be doomed after all. The private snoop of Ferdinand catches Kosh in the act as he deletes the recording. At the end of the story, the police arrest Kosh for tampering with the evidence.
Read More: Best German Shows on Netflix

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


EXCLUSIVE: Italian producer Cattleya has set Emmy-nominated docu filmmaker Francesco Carrozzini to direct Midnight Sun, an adaption of the bestselling Jo Nesbo novel. Cattleya, the production company behind the superb Italian language mob TV series Gomorra and Romanzo Criminale, acquired the Nesbo novel and intends to turn it into an English language film.
The novel focuses on Ulf, a young man who gets off a bus on Norway's far northeastern border, telling the locals that he has come there to hunt. He's actually a hit man who worked for a notorious drug lord called The Fisherman, and the mystery man has ventured all the way to the Arctic circle to hide, even if the sun never seems to set there. Even as he develops a bond with a grieving local woman and her young son that gives him something to care about for the first time in forever, the hit man knows it's just a matter of time before his former employer pays a fatal visit.
WME and Three Six Zero Group rep the filmmaker, who has directed videos for Beyonce, Rita Ora, Lana Del Rey and Lenny Kravitz before helming the docu Franca: Chaos and Creation. Nesbo is repped by WME and Salomonsson Agency.


Life, Love, and a Heart of Gratitude | Live. Learn. Love. Eat.
Our days have still been very full. I am enjoying the fullness of our days, these days when the girls are still young and in my care and I have this awesome responsibility of caring for them and guiding them through life. Both Autumn and Kesa started dance again this year. Autumn is in tap and jazz dance and Kesa is in ballet and tap.
Serafina was excited to try out Kesa's tap shoes too when we got out their dance stuff from the basement. Now begins the walking to dance two days a week all through the cold weather. That is the only part I dread about putting them in dance lessons, but they love it so much and Autumn is so good at it, that we had to do it.
The days are growing colder and the leaves are a golden yellow now. Looking out my bedroom window, I can see pretty well through the trees now that so many of the leaves have fallen.
Fall is always so beautiful to me.
The girls still love to play outside (as always), even though it is colder out. Outside is always the best place for a child to be. Outside is where a child feels most at home.
I can't believe how often the girls request to be outside, even after they have been out for much of the morning, they always want more. It is so nice to see them play all together and come up with all kinds of imaginative games. It reminds me of when I was a child and would practically live outside too. Sometimes I wonder how many children still have that connection to nature because it seems that not very many children are ever outside anymore.
I got out our fall clothes from the basement too, long-sleeved shirts and pants, jackets, mitts and hats. I had a giant pile of laundry to do and still I have not actually done the sorting of the clothes yet (taking out the summer stuff from their drawers and putting in the fall/winter stuff). Laundry is my least favorite thing to do, so we had a big pile of fresh laundry on the living room floor for a day.
Serafina loved to lay in it and play with the dryer sheets, throwing them up in the air and watching them float down to her face. That gave her quite a thrill.
Rather than letting that laundry pile bother me, I enjoyed watching her explore and play in the colorful sea of clothes, finding such thrill and fascination in a single dryer sheet.
It was quite a lesson in reverence for me.
This little girl is really beginning to amaze me!
Not that she hasn't always, but she is turning into such a beautiful young woman, I just can't believe it. In just 6 more days, she will turn nine years old. She is such a beautiful spirit and such a help to me around the house and with her sisters.
Her learning is going really well too. We have been learning so much together! I am so glad to have stumbled upon Charles Kovacs Waldorf resources.
We are learning Geology and Astronomy and also started Botany. These resources are just what I have been wanting for our homeschooling, as my husband and I are into Rudolf Steiner and I have always wanted to have a Waldorf approach to our homeschooling. The lessons and learning are fun and alive, not dead and boring.
I read the chapters to the girls and draw pictures to illustrate the point. Autumn then makes her own learning pages. This to me is so great because she is actively engaged in her learning and gets to use art and creativity along with her lessons. Each lesson is also expressed from a spiritual standpoint. Geology, the water cycle, the sun, the moon phases, the seasons, the plants, everything is viewed from a spiritual standpoint and in light of spiritual science, not just the physical/material. I have often felt pretty hopeless with how we were doing things before, but now I am so happy that I have found a breath of life for our learning and a way that I can feel interested in teaching. I never wanted our homeschooling to be just like school, with book work and tests etc. This approach is really engaging and enriching, just what I wanted for my girls and myself as a teacher.
The calendar of the year. Solstices and Equinoxes.
The anatomy of a plant.
On Monday we dug up the rest of our potatoes and picked the rest of the corn from the garden.
They all loved digging in the earth in search of their treasure, potatoes. The potatoes from the garden are so fresh, alive and yummy! Definitely different than store-bought potatoes.
Rainbow pepper pizza on spelt crust.
We saw some organic purple peppers last time we went shopping, which we just had to buy!
I decided that it would be fun to chop up different colored peppers and make a rainbow pepper pizza.
We made three pizzas together which they shared with their babies (my grandchildren). Quite a cute sight.
Getting up before the sun.
A semi-organized cupboard and kitchen. I am glad to see healthy/organic foods in my home and have those healthy options for my children.
Taking walks, just us three girls.
Some days Serafina falls right asleep in her stroller.
And wakes up with a red mark on her head.
A girls love for dogs (yes, dogs and not cats so much these days) and sock monkeys.
Life is so beautiful when our eyes are open to our blessings and our hearts are full of gratitude.
Wow, love that rainbow of peppers!l. And yes, fresh grown potatoes are completely different from store bought. That's awesome you found some schooling materials that you love! We are still wading through to find what works best for us. We're learning and will get there eventually :). That's great you get to go outside so much! Something abut the crisp fall air is irresistible.


text:
Q: Sencha touch store - phantom data I created a model like
Ext.define('MyApp.model.ContainerDetailsModel', {
extend: 'Ext.data.Model',
alias: 'model.ContainerDetailsModel',
config: {
    fields: [
        {
            name: 'id',
            allowNull: false,
            type: 'string'
        },
        {
            name: 'container_types_id',
            type: 'string'
        }
    ]
  }
});

and a store like this
Ext.define('MyApp.store.ContainerDetailsStore', {
extend: 'Ext.data.Store',

requires: [
    'MyApp.model.ContainerDetailsModel'
],

config: {
    model: 'MyApp.model.ContainerDetailsModel',
    storeId: 'ContainerDetailsStore',
    proxy: {
        type: 'ajax',
        enablePagingParams: false,
        url: 'hereIsServiceUrl',
        reader: {
            type: 'json'
        }
    }
}
});

Now somewhere in application I tried to get one record like:
var detailsStore = Ext.getStore("ContainerDetailsStore");
detailsStore.load();
var detailsRecord = detailsStore.last();

But it gaves me undefined. The json returned by service is ok, it use it in different place as source for list. I already tried to change allowNull to true, but there is no null id in source. I tried set types to 'int' with the same result.
So I have tried
console.log(detailsStore);

Result is like this (just important values):
Class {
...
loaded: true,
data: Class {
   ...
   all: Array[1] {
       length: 1,
       0: Class {
           container_types_id: "1",
           id: "726",
           ....
       }
   ...
   }
   ...
},
...
}

In the same place
 console.log(detailsStore.data);

returns (as it should):
 Class {
   ...
   all: Array[1] {
       length: 1,
       0: Class {
           container_types_id: "1",
           id: "726",
           ....
       }
   ...
   }

but (next line)
console.log(detailsStore.data.all);

returns
 []

And it's empty array. When i try any methods from the store it says the store is empty.
I wrote console.log() lines one after another - so for sure it doesn't change between them (I try it also in different order or combinations).
My browser is Google Chrome 23.0.1271.97 m
I use Sencha from https://extjs.cachefly.net/touch/sencha-touch-2.0.1.1/sencha-touch-all-debug.js
How can I take a record from that store?

A: store.load() Loads data into the Store via the configured proxy. This uses the Proxy to make an asynchronous call to whatever storage backend the Proxy uses, automatically adding the retrieved instances into the Store and calling an optional callback if required. The method, however, returns before the datais fetched. Hence the callback function, to execute logic which manipulates the new data in the store.
Try,
detailsStore.load({
    callback: function(records, operation, success) {
    var detailsRecord = detailsStore.last();
    },
    scope: this
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Discussion in 'Model S: Battery & Charging' started by Cyclone, Nov 17, 2015.
I am finally getting around to having a 14-50 added in the garage so I can get off 119/120v charging. I got a quote from an electrician another Tesla owner used for $400 to switch some circuits in my panel to make room for a 50 amp GFCI breaker. The electrician would then run 6 gauge aluminum about 25 feet from the panel in the basement upstairs to the garage. The kitchen is directly above the basement panel and the kitchen and garage share a wall.
I was half tempted to go ahead and run Romex 6-3 NM-B through so an electrician only needs to create the receptacle box and add in a new breaker at the panel, but I'm confused on that process for running that through conduit (or not) because the basement is finished in on the walls with an exposed ceiling and the garage is finished in on the wall the cabling would run up (but exposed on the wall the outlet would be installed on, so wiring would run along beam where wall/ceiling meet alongside the current 120v run). The existing circuits for 120v 15amp outlets in the garage and the exterior lighting + outlets runs up the same wall.
Anyways, he said 6-gauge aluminum is fine for my run, but I thought to ask here. He also stated I would not need a permit, so I thought I would ask here for a second opinion. I've had bad luck with electricians multiple times in the past, so I'm concerned. What do you all think?
You don't need a 50A GFCI breaker for a 14-50 if you don't want to place it in there. It provides some safety for you but is not required.
NM/Romex cannot be exposed where subject to damage. If running within your finished walls, you'll be fine without it and it can be exposed in the ceiling (unless local code prohibits, mainly Chicago and some NY jurisdictions). If you want to run it on the surface, you'll need to "sleeve" it in EMT (thin conduit) up to about 7' off the ground, then it can exit that conduit and run exposed through the joists. #6 should not be affixed to the bottom of the joists, but instead should be run in drilled holes.
If your jurisdiction requires permits, it likely will require one - anything beyond replacing a receptacle or switch generally does. Call your municipal or county inspector, depending upon which one applies, and ask (or look it up).
#6 aluminum is fine. I prefer copper for #6 because it's not that much of a price difference and is easier to obtain.
I explicitly asked him about copper. He said it would be "twice as much". I didn't however, clarify if that was $800 or twice as much for a specific component. FlasherZ, honestly, I trust your advice more than his. He did say "technically, code says I should put a GFCI on this, but some people don't". He said that breaker is near $100.
Part of me would be happy to find another electrician that would give me a written quote rather than verbal, but after 3 electricians coming to look at the job, this is the only one that ever followed back up!
Code only requires that for 120V/15-20A circuits in damp/wet areas (kitchen, laundry, garage, outdoors, etc.) and/or swimming pools/hot tubs. It is NOT required by code, technically or otherwise, for larger circuits - not even outdoors. Now, *should* it be? I would support GFCI protection for RV outlets outdoors as a member of the CMP's, but not sure it'll happen for the next few cycles. $100 cost on those breakers tends to sway public opinion.
That's the nature of residential electricians. Many of them will come look at a job, but will happily GTFO if it looks like it's going to be difficult/complex. If it's just a matter of punching a hole through a wall and mounting a box, they can milk that for profit.
FlasherZ is the expert here, but I have never seen a 14-50 on a GFCI. 50 Amp feeds to a hot tub need a GFCI, but not a 14-50. There may be some confusion about a garage location where GFCI's are needed for 15 and 20 Amp outlets. BTW, the Tesla UMC as well as the HPWC have GFCI's built in.
As a point of reference a Siemens, 50-Amp, GFCI circuit breaker is $60 on Amazon, but the non-GFCI is $10.
So, if I am understanding correctly, I can use Romex through drilled holes in the wooden beams along basement ceiling (holes already there from other wiring), and I'd be fine running behind the finished walls to ceiling of garage (yay, no need to rip open the drywall and staple the Romex to the joists), but then I can't run the Romex over the front or bottom surface of the wooden beam running across the top of the garage at the ceiling? Instead, I would have to run it slightly below and drill through the joists?
This photo is not the wall where the outlet would go, that wall is behind the Tesla in this pic. However, it has the same beam across the top and has the current orange wiring stapled to it.
Yeah. Meanwhile, during the kitchen remodel, the remodelers had to switch electricians when one just left and didn't return. He said the circuit was overloaded on that run when they put the microwave over the stove and just left. They hired a different guy to run a new circuit for that and the disposal. A different person came and installed a motion light in the back corner of the house and the light flickers and drips water out of it. Never came back to fix whatever weatherproofing it needs -- though, he never came back to get paid in the first place either.
This is why sometimes I am tempted to do the work myself, not because I am trying to be cheap, but because I'm willing to actually do the work to get it done right!
6-3 nm-b is only $2.79 a foot at home depot, which is practically the most expensive place to buy it. If he wants to charge twice $800 for that, you should probably look for a new electrician.
And HD is where I priced it out for doing it myself. About $70 for the wiring. Charlotte has a $64 permit fee for Homeowners doing their own electrical work. I'd still come out ahead! But the price isn't as big of a deal as doing it right! But I suspect the $400 wouldn't be double because part of the quote's costs is to "make room" in my panel because there is no open space now and about 1/3 of my breakers are already half-height.
Apologies for the partial thread steal, but since we're talking about residential electricians and requiring a permit. I'm curious, what happens if the electrician doesn't apply for a permit (and therefore doesn't get it inspected?) Who's on the hook when something goes wrong? Is it the home owners responsibility or the electrician to get the permit and have it inspected?
Well, I don't know about the permit, but I read that some electricians are allowed to self-inspect. Now, I cannot recall if I read that about rules here in Charlotte, or just a general thing about "some jurisdictions". But I would be interested in hearing other responses to this as well!
I had to go back and look at my code book.
Yes - fishing cable behind finished walls is legal without attaching the cable to the studs, if the wall already exists. And after looking some things up in the code, it will be legal for you to run along this beam. The restriction I was thinking of is in basements and crawlspaces is for smaller than 2 #6 conductors, but because you'd use 6/3 NM cable, it may be attached to the bottom of joists without a problem. And since this is a garage, you're fine. My preference would be to take it in the attic and drill through the top wall-plate to send the cable down, if you can do that, less potential for damage.
It's tough. I'm the type that prefers good conduit work with appropriate sweeps and angles. Some electricians go as cheap as they can and use FMC or liquid-tite and don't care how the conduit looks.
Generally, licensing laws determine this. In Illinois and Missouri, there is no licensing of electricians. In Virginia, there is state licensing of electricians - and if an electrician fails to get a permit and have something inspected when required, he/she risks losing the license in a disciplinary hearing and a fine of $10,000. I outlined it here: FAQ: Home Tesla charging infrastructure QA - Page 23 . Typically, an electrician's agreement says they will obtain any necessary permits and inspections and the homeowner can use that contract as a reliance upon them for the service.
I've found it very rare that electricians are allowed to self-inspect their own work. I have seen where electricians are permitted to inspect homeowners' work, but never their own. Bottom line - every jurisdiction is different. Contact your local (municipal or county) building office and ask what's required.
The garage has pull-down steps and a standing room attic that I keep our Christmas decorations and large empty boxes (tv, computer, etc.) in. I can definitely run it through there to not be exposed at all and then run just a straight line down into the garage. Assuming I can run the Romex over the joist for this run straight to the plug, I would be covered the entire way.
This may be how I go about doing this. At least I would know the right wiring was used and b/c of the kitchen remodel, I know exactly which spot to run fishing wire through to help guide the Romex through.
Sadly, I do not have a picture of my panel readily available (maybe one tonight once I get home). Otherwise, I would be asking if this looks doable for me. The reason I started down the path with an electrician was because I thought I would need a sub-panel. But this one said no sub-panel would be needed - just need to make room in the existing panel. And I also learned that I have 200 amps of service at the house. So it wasn't a completely worthless visit!
I explicitly asked him about copper. He said it would be "twice as much". I didn't however, clarify if that was $800 or twice as much for a specific component.
Copper wire costs twice as much as aluminum. Roughly $2/ft vs $1/ft for 6-3 w/gnd. So if your run is 50 feet, a $50 difference. Labor should be about the same for either and is likely the vast majority of the cost.
Copper is worth it in my opinion. my house, built in 1975, was wired with a mix. a lot was built sloppily, and I got trouble with both, but more with the Aluminum. I've put contact grease on all the connections that seemed to be giving trouble (including in the breaker box, which has aluminum bus bars) and that's helped.
If there is likely to be traffic in the attic to get at stored items, you would do well to put down at least a 1x2 across the joists next to the Romex to protect it from damage from stuff being moved around or from feet.
The mention of running "Romex over the joist for this run straight to the plug" is confusing to me. Will the plug be in the ceiling?
Look back at the picture in post 7. The wall behind the Tesla is where the outlet would be. But the wall in the pic (beside the Tesla) has a light switch in the middle of the wall (for the exterior motion lights) with the wire for it coming down from the attic along the face of that wooden beam. This is what I am talking about doing against the back wall for the bit of wiring run from the attic down to the receptacle.
Cyclone: regarding doing the work yourself: I wanted to do to the work myself too, I'm big on DIY stuff, and bugged Flasherz with a thousand questions. Parts + permit would have cost me (HD prices) about $250-$300.
In the end, the electrician charged me $395 for the job (our agreed upon price), but what I thought would be a 1-2 hour job, took two guys 3.5 hours. I have no idea what took so long or how he made any money, but that's not my problem either. I'm glad I didn't do it myself.
I'll give the electrician a call tomorrow about using a non-GFCI circuit and using 6-guage THHN or 6-3 NM-B Romex. As was pointed out by snort, even if the wiring is double the cost, I'm only using about 25 feet and with the switch to a non-GFCI circuit, this should be a net reduction in price.
I also have to call the city and ask if this job would require a permit.
I'll throw in against GFCI. I've noticed these devices are powerhogs. Both the breaker and the outlet types. You get a house full of them and you get a constant background draw, for no reason. I even test tripped a whole bunch of outlets that don't get used, and they still draw power. As long as the outlet is high enough so the UMC can't be in standing water I think it's fine because the UMC has GFCI built in.
They use power, but I would not call them power hogs.
http://forums.jlconline.com/forums/forum/jlc-online-expert-forums/the-electric-shop/49110-afci-gfci-power-consumption shows at least one example where GFCI's draw 0.6 Watts each and AFCI's draw 2 Watts each.


text:
Das Mietengesetz (MG) in Österreich vom 7. Dezember 1922 war ein Bundesgesetz über die Miete von Wohn- und Geschäftsräumen. Es wurde 1929 wiederverlautbart und galt  bis zum 31. Dezember 1981. Das Gesetz wurde 1922 mit den Stimmen der Sozialdemokraten, Christlichsozialen und der Großdeutschen Fraktion beschlossen. Eine Ausnahme bildete nur der Landbund.

Mietrechtliche Regelungen vor dem MG
Vor dem Mietengesetz bestanden verschiedene Verordnungen und Erlässe zum Schutz von Mietern, es herrschte ansonsten weitgehend Vertragsfreiheit. Bis 1917 fanden sich mietrechtliche Bestimmungen ausschließlich im ABGB.

Während in Liechtenstein die Regelungen über Bestandverträge und Weiteres im ABGB (Liechtenstein) ergänzt wurden (§ 1090 ABGB, Artikel 1 bis 109), wurde in Österreich ein eigenes Gesetzbuch in Bezug auf das Mietrecht geschaffen (Pachtverträge sind nach wie vor grundsätzlich im ABGB geregelt).

Das Mietengesetz wurde zuletzt durch ein Bundesgesetz 1976 geändert, indem in § 29 und im § 33 MG die Beträge von je "500 S" durch die Beträge von je "1000 S" ersetzt und in § 43 MG der Betrag von "3000 S" durch den Betrag von "6000 S" ersetzt wurde.

Mietrechtliche Regelungen nach dem MG
Am 1. Jänner 1982 trat das Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG) in Kraft und ersetzte das Mietengesetz. In den §§ 43 ff MRG (II. Hauptstück des MRG) sind bis heute Bestimmungen über bestehende Mietverträge und Übergangsregelungen enthalten.

Das Mietengesetz bildete sowohl nach Struktur und Inhalt für das Mietrechtsgesetz die nach wie vor erkennbare Vorlage.

Aufbau des MG in der Fassung 1922

Aufbau des MG in der Fassung 1929

Literatur
 Karl Zingher (Hrsg.): Das Mietengesetz. In der Fassung der Mietengesetznovelle 1974 samt den einschlägigen Bestimmungen. Mit ausführlichen Erläuterungen und der neuesten Rechtsprechung (= Manzsche Gesetzausgaben. Sonderausgabe 20). 16., neubearbeitete Auflage. Manzsche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung, Wien 1974, ISBN 3-214-03201-1.

Weblinks
 Text des Mietengesetz (in Fraktur) in der Fassung von 1922.
 Text des Mietengesetz (in Fraktur) in der Fassung von 1929.

Einzelnachweise

Schuldrecht (Österreich)
Historische Rechtsquelle (Österreich)


text:
C'mon C'mon (2021) Review!!
December 28, 2021 · by Mirza Baig	· in Drama, Movie Review.	·
Synopsis – When his sister asks him to look after her son, a radio journalist embarks on a cross-country trip with his energetic nephew to show him life away from Los Angeles.
My Take – As evident by his excellent filmography which consists of Thumbsucker (2005), Beginners (2010), and 20th Century Women (2016), writer-director Mike Mills only makes films that are personal to him and focus on aspects of human nature.
Hence it isn't surprising that his latest too is inspired by interactions with his own son and his documentary projects, and is presented in the form of a touching feel good emotional drama that displays the love and connection between kids and adults.
Alternately touching and slow moving, and framed with gorgeous looking black/white cinematography, this one is just a very simple story that will speak wonders to its viewers.
Sure, it is a cliché of a tale but director Mills sells it, largely thanks to Joaquin Phoenix's expertly calibrated performance as a capable, thoughtful, and vulnerable man put in a unique and relatable situation.
The story follows Johnny (Joaquin Phoenix), a radio journalist who is occupied with his latest project which sees him and his producing partners travel the country interviewing children about their opinions on all aspects of life and the world, including their hopes and expectations for the future.
However, following a rare phone call with his estranged sister Viv (Gaby Hoffman), Johnny offers to take care of Viv's 9 year old son, Jesse (Woody Norman), while Viv assists Jesse's father, Paul (Scoot McNairy), who battles ongoing mental health issues. Though Viv is reticent to leave Jesse with Uncle Johnny, an unmarried man with no kids of his own, but being desperate for the help, she accepts.
Most of the film revolves around Johnny and Jesse spending time together and getting to know each other, as circumstances take the story from Detroit to New York City to Los Angeles to New York City to New Orleans. Though not much happens in the film, like no overly grand gestures of love, and no arch monologues, it still makes for a terrific journey that lacks any jaw-dropping cinematic elements.
The film is filled with lovely moments of humanity between Joaquin and Woody; as both of them traverse life as it stands for them individually, both of them talk about their own trials and tribulations in an attempt to relate with one another and seek both guidance and acceptance as well as understanding and familiarity.
For Johnny, he gains a perspective on parenting, which contrasts with his professional work interviewing kids. Jesse is whip smart and funny, but also manipulative and confused and downright quirky. It's a humble portrait of a family's deepening connections supported by a number of cinematic pleasures like expert sound design and cinematography.
Traveling around the country, Johnny also gets to ply his trade of recording youngsters for radio about the future. Because many of these subjects are not of Johnny and Jesse's class and means, their answers provide a window into reality that reveals the optimism of youth with its ability to survive even these worst of times.
This and additional segments and the kids' responses seem real, not staged, presenting a documentary feel, especially since everything is filmed in Black and White.
It also helps that Joaquin Phoenix puts in yet another career best performance, operating at a register he's rarely found before. Playing a man learning to deal with his own vulnerabilities, and Phoenix really gets to show off his extraordinary acting talent. Being with him is cozy and calm, even in the most challenging moments. But the real standout, though, is Woody Norman, who is a complete revelation as Jesse. He perfectly portrays a normal kid with normal issues in a grown up world.
In a comparatively smaller role, Gaby Hoffman is also very good, tugging emotions in the most genuine way possible. Scoot McNairy too only in a few short scenes, is able communicate the emotional conflict of his mental health and marriage. On the whole, 'C'mon C'mon' is an intriguing and dynamic indie drama that is both intimate and genuine.
Directed – Mike Mills
Starring – Joaquin Phoenix, Scoot McNairy, Gaby Hoffmann
Rated – R
Tags: #CmonCmon, #GabyHoffman, #JaboukieYoungWhite, #JoaquinPhoenix, #MollyWebster, #ScootMcNairy, #WoodyNorman
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Speaking of the "financial innovation" in the commodities market, this issue was something I brought quite a few times up in latter 2007 to mid 2008 [Feb 12, 2008: Wheat is Being Ruined by ... what else... Hedge Funds and Speculators] [Apr 28, 2008: Wall Street Grain Hoarding Brings Farmers, Consumers Near Ruin] when levered institutional buyers (and the investment banks themselves) went on a buying binge skewering prices. It is one thing when the Overlords of Finance effect stock prices, but quite another when they dominate pricing of items actual companies (and people) need to produce & consume. But no worries - our regulators* are on the case!
There were many questions of why oil was staying at such high levels through 2009 and early 2010 despite utter pathetic demand in the developed market; reports surfaced that JP Morgan was buying physical oil, storing it on tankers out at sea, and then selling future contracts against their holdings to make mad money. I guess all the world is your oyster when the Federal Reserve gives you money for free, right? (wait you thought our banks were busy doing things like making loans? that is so old fashioned! Just a sideshow to their too big to fail speculation.) It appears these same games now apply to most of our metals markets as well.
I noted in a March 2010 piece a little noted transaction in which too big to fail Goldman Sachs and JP Morgan made a move to control the warehousing of said metals.
Traders say the bank decision will reshape the close-knit warehousing industry as Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan will control the depots where more than half of the LME's registered stocks are held. The LME is the world's largest metal exchange.
....no worries - as long as the rainmakers make their money by "providing liquidity"... it's all good. Thankfully early in 2010 we saw news that JPM and GS were busy buying up industrial metals storehouse capacity to help make those metals dance to their own tune.... errr, provide liquidity.
Remember, whenever you call anyone out for speculative excess they reply "we are just providing liquidity". Per the WSJ, a lot of 'liquidity' is being provided by good old Jamie Dimon and crew at JPMorgan. These are just part and parcel with all the excesses created by a global easy money campaign by central banks, a hollowed out anti-trust laissez-faire belief system, and a captured regulator ethos.
As commodity prices soar to new records, the ability of a few traders to hold huge swaths of the world's stockpiles is coming under scrutiny. The latest example is in the copper market, where a single trader has reported it owns 80% to 90% of the copper sitting in London Metal Exchange warehouses, equal to about half of the world's exchange-registered copper stockpile and worth about $3 billion.
The report coincided with copper prices soaring to new records on Tuesday. (random coincidence I am sure...err, I mean it's due to China - JPMorgan is only providing liquidity, just ask them) Copper soared to a new record of $4.2705 per pound on Tuesday in New York, and is up 28.3% this year.
JP Morgan Chase & Co. recently had a large position in copper, though it is unclear whether the U.S. bank increased its holdings, or whether a new player has taken dominant position. "Regardless of who owns it, the only thing of note here is that we are being told that one person has a substantial position," said David Threlkeld, president of Resolved Inc., a metals consultancy.
Last month, the LME reported that a single holder owned more than 50% of the exchange's copper. People familiar with the matter at the time said J.P. Morgan was the holder. On Tuesday, the LME reported that a single holder now has as much as 90% of the stockpiles, without naming the firm.
And it's not just copper ... now that Goldman and JPMorgan hold the keys to the warehouse, I bet I could guess pretty closely who dominates the holdings in all the metals below.
Single traders also own large holdings of other metals. One trader holds as much as 90% of the exchange's aluminum stocks. In the nickel, zinc and aluminum alloy markets, single traders own between 50% to 80% of those metals and one firm has 40% to 50% of the LME's tin stockpiles.
The LME has strict rules to prevent market squeezes but does not limit how much metal a single trader may hold. Instead, the exchange demands the dominant holder make metal available for short-term periods at very limited profit margins. The LME says it closely watches individual holdings.
And who owns the depots where half the LME's stockpiles are held? Hence influencing the LME? Errr.... ummm.... yes I am sure the LME has everything under control and views things in a non biased way.
These sorts of deals have skewed physical trading in these metals, as other consumers have paid increasing premiums to get hold of stocks, even though the metal looked like it was available in warehouses.
The recent boom in metal prices has enabled traders to purchase the physical metal, sell a futures contract at a much higher price and still make a profit after paying for storage and insurance.
It's all good. Just remember, you are supporting the TBTF banks each time you buy or consume anything, or a producer passes along price increases to you due to them having to pay a premium due to financial innovation. It is our patriotic duty to make sure JPM and GS traders do well... remember, when they do well - we all do well.... trickle down economics.


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Why Minimum and Maximum Number of Directors ?
CA. Rahul Kunwar
SECTION 149(1) OF COMPANIES ACT, 2013
(1) Every company shall have a Board of Directors consisting of INDIVIDUALS as directors and shall have—
(a) a minimum number of three directors in the case of a public company, two directors in the case of a private company, and one director in the case of a One Person Company; and
(b) a maximum of fifteen directors:
Provided that a company may appoint more than fifteen directors after passing a special resolution
Section 149(1)(b) and first proviso to section 149(1) does not apply to Government Company and section 149(1) and first proviso does not apply to Section 8 Companies (see notification 463E and 466E respectively).
Provided further that such class or classes of companies as may be prescribed, shall have at least one woman director.
COMMENT : Section 149(1) of Companies Act, 2013 has created responsibility on every company to have minimum number of directors if we see Companies Act, 1956 there was section 252 which used to create responsibilities on companies to have minimum number of directors and only natural person can be appointed as a director (this requirement was also there in erstwhile Companies Act 1956).
Object (Logic) to prescribe minimum number of directors is to maintain dual/multiple (Minimum 2 directors in case of private company and minimum 3 directors in case of public company) control in the management of the affairs of the company and to prevent fraudulent machinations by one man management. However special carve-out has been made for One Person Company (OPC) where minimum number of director is only one.
If we go back to more than 100 years back to Indian Companies Act, 1913 in that Act private companies were exempted from minimum directorship requirement i.e no requirement to have any director (refer section 83A(1) and 83A(2) of Indian Companies Act, 1913). But in Companies Act, 1956 this exemption was removed and section 252 created responsibility on private companies to have minimum 2 directors (on the recommendation of Bhabha Committee).
Let's see the provisions for minimum number of directors internationally:
United Kingdom- Under English Company law, section 154 of Companies Act, 2006 (i.e English Companies Act) casts responsibility on companies to have minimum number of directors i.e one director for private company and two directors for public company though Indian Companies Act, 2013 says for 2 directors and 3 directors respectively.
Australia – Section 201A of Corporation Act, 2001 casts responsibility on proprietary company (Some how combination of one person company and private company in Indian context) and public company to have minimum one director and three directors respectively.
Singapore – Section 145 of Singapore Companies Act, 2006 casts responsibility on every company to have minimum one director whether private company or public company.
New Zealand- In New Zealand (New Zealand Companies Act, 1993) there is minimum one director requirement for a company.
In India also there is only one director requirement for OPC and more than one director is required in private company and public company. OPC is possible only after introduction of Companies Act, 2013 which has enabled even a single person to go for company and OPC is mainly preferred by small and new entrepreneurs. In OPC only one member is required that is why it is called as One Person Company (OPC).
COMMENT: Section 149(1)(b) of the Companies Act, 2013 says that you can have maximum 15 directors, However first proviso provides that director may exceed 15 but only by passing special resolution. Earlier in Companies Act, 1956 corresponding section was 259 but there is positive departure from earlier provision for increasing directors that beyond 15 you do not require any approval from Central Government though earlier you had to go for approval from Central Government whenever number of director used to go beyond 12. Special resolution is mandatory so that there will be check for un-necessary loading of directors.
COMMENT: Second proviso to section 149(1) mandates prescribed class or classes of company to have at one woman director. There are reports that company having woman director(s) were earning higher profit in comparison to companies having no woman director. As we all know that women are experts in bargaining and negotiation and even from day to day household expenses they save required amount as saving after satisfying almost everyone's financial needs.
Interestingly concept of having woman directors is not new for the world and Norway has highest representation of woman directors i.e. almost of 40% of board size and on the similar lines India also introduced to have at least one woman director (though even today there are many companies which have women director(s) on voluntary basis and in past also there were companies which had women director(s)) to maintain gender diversity somehow Government intends to boost woman empowerment.
According Rule 3 of Companies (Appointment and Qualifications of Directors) Rules 2014 casts responsibility on following companies to have at least one woman director.
(i) every listed company;
(ii) every other public company having –
(a) paid–up share capital of one hundred crore rupees or more; or
(b) turnover of three hundred crore rupees or more:
Provided that a company, which has been incorporated under the Act and is covered under provisions of second proviso to sub-section (1) of section 149 shall comply with such provisions within a period of six months from the date of its incorporation:
Provided further that any intermittent vacancy of a woman director shall be filled-up by the Board at the earliest but not later than immediate next Board meeting or three months from the date of such vacancy whichever is later.
Explanation.– For the purposes of this rule, it is hereby clarified that the paid up share capital or turnover, as the case may be, as on the last date of latest audited financial statements shall be taken into account.
Tags: Companies Act, Companies Act 2013
Name: CA. Rahul Kunwar
Company: KARACT FILINGS
Location: New Delhi, IN
Member Since: 26 Jan 2018 | Total Posts: 7
Analysis of Section 3A of The Companies Act, 2013
Formation of Company – Section 3 of Companies Act, 2013
Commentary on Section 168 of Companies Act, 2013
Analysis of Section 165 of The Companies Act, 2013
Small Shareholders' Director- Analysis
What is the resolution needed for a Govt company ti increase the max number of directors
dugman says:
a indian ie 1 person have DPIN and he may be how many LLP become partner. ie number of LLP one man become partner.
one DIN have In company act number of company limited to 10 -15
BHASKARAN CHAKRAPANI WARRIER says:
Read. Thanks.
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text:
M.P. Vaughan
M.P. Vaughan 120 v BangladeshBack to boards
Michael Vaughan scored his third successive Test hundred at Lord's with a knock of 120 versus Bangladesh in the summer of 2005.
Bangladesh, competing in their first-ever Test at the Home of Cricket, were bowled out for 108 after their first innings before Vaughan came to the crease with England 148/1.
The Yorkshire batsman continued to help build England's lead, sharing a partnership of 255 with Trescothick, before eventually falling for 120 runs.
In his innings, Vaughan faced 174 balls and scored 15 fours before captaining England to a comfortable victory by an innings and 261 runs.
M.P. Vaughan 100 v India
M.P. Vaughan 101* v West Indies
M.P. Vaughan 103 v West Indies
M.P. Vaughan 106 v New Zealand
M.P. Vaughan 115 v Sri Lanka