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Edited Transcript of GTLS earnings conference call or presentation 18-Jul-19 1:30pm GMT
Thomson Reuters StreetEvents July 22, 2019
Q2 2019 Chart Industries Inc Earnings Call
GARFIELD HEIGHTS Jul 22, 2019 (Thomson StreetEvents) -- Edited Transcript of Chart Industries Inc earnings conference call or presentation Thursday, July 18, 2019 at 1:30:00pm GMT
* Jeffrey R. Lass
Chart Industries, Inc. - VP, CFO , Treasurer & CAO
* Jillian C. Evanko
Chart Industries, Inc. - CEO, President & Director
* Craig Kenneth Shere
Tuohy Brothers Investment Research, Inc. - Director of Research
* Eric Andrew Stine
Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, Research Division - Senior Research Analyst
* James Carlyle West
Evercore ISI Institutional Equities, Research Division - Senior MD
* John S. Sturges
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. - Director of Investments
* Martin Whittier Malloy
Johnson Rice & Company, L.L.C., Research Division - Director of Research
* Pavel S. Molchanov
Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division - Energy Analyst
* Robert Duncan Brown
Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC, Research Division - Senior Research Analyst
* Thomas Lloyd Hayes
Northcoast Research Partners, LLC - MD & Senior Research Analyst
Good morning, and welcome to the Chart Industries Inc. 2019 Second Quarter Conference Call. (Operator Instructions) The company's supplemental presentation was issued earlier this morning. If you've not received the release, you may access it by visiting Chart's website at www.chartindustries.com. A telephone replay of today's broadcast will be available following the conclusion of the call until Thursday, July 25, 2019.
The replay information is contained in the company's press release. Before we begin, the company would like to remind you that statements made during this call that are not historical in fact are forward-looking statements. Please refer to the information regarding forward-looking statements and Risk Factors included in the company's earnings release and latest filings with SEC. The company undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement. I would now like to turn the conference call over to Jill Evanko, Chart Industries' CEO.
Jillian C. Evanko, Chart Industries, Inc. - CEO, President & Director [2]
Thank you, Daniel. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today to go through our second quarter 2019 results and full year outlook.
As usual, we will walk through our supplemental presentation that was released this morning starting on Slide 2. Thematically, we are seeing significant demand for LNG, not just for big LNG but also for the global infrastructure build-out. This is a unique opportunity for us as our Distribution & Storage and Energy & Chemicals products serve various global applications ranging from small and utility-scale LNG facilities to big LNG export terminals to fueling stations to regasification plants.
The scaling of this infrastructure build is happening quickly, in particular, as the number of countries importing LNG is rising, currently at 42 countries, including Panama, Gibraltar and Bangladesh, the 3 newest additions in 2018.
What is important about the increasing number of countries importing LNG is that all of these countries, regardless of size, will need infrastructure to utilize the gas. The need for alternative energy in conjunction with ramping regulatory requirements, such as IMO 2020, are driving decisions toward natural gas.
Also unique to us is our access to global geographic and specialty growth markets. The additions of VRV and Air-X-Changers, which closed on July 1st, broadened our product offering across the gas-to-liquid cycle as well as access to regions, such as India, with localized manufacturing abilities. You'll hear more today about how we will leverage our footprint, increase international opportunities, inclusive of taking air-cooled heat exchangers outside of the United States.
We will conclude today's call with the reiteration of our prior full year 2019 guidance, inclusive of the impacts from our recent strategic financing and the addition of Air-X-Changers. We're able to reiterate our guidance because of the strength in backlog, with all 3 segments backlog increasing sequentially over the first quarter and our self-help margin expansion actions benefiting gross margin and SG&A.
Moving to Slide 3. While the second quarter 2019 orders faced tough comps to both Q1 2019 and Q2 2018, order activity continues to be robust. Orders of $322 million grew 1.8% over the second quarter of 2018, which included 3 large orders totaling $53 million. In the second quarter of 2019, we received 15 orders that each were greater than $2 million in value, totaling $80.2 million, the first time in our history with 15 orders of this magnitude in a single quarter.
This trend supports the strength across our markets and demonstrates broad-based growth. Also in the second quarter, we received our largest order for fans in the history of the business for a refinery project in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Already in July, we have received a $9 million order for a hydrogen recovery system in an ammonia plant located in Saudi Arabia. The past 6 quarters of order strength supports continued sales growth with second quarter 2019 revenue of $310 million is 7% increase over the first quarter as well the 5% organic increase over the second quarter of 2018.
Before we dig into the status on big LNG projects, I will spend some time on Slide 4, which show the depiction of global small and utility-scale LNG opportunities. We have shared that we have booked over $20 million of utility-scale related LNG orders in the past 8 months, yet we have not explained in-depth the magnitude of the opportunity for our equipment and process in this space.
By way of background, small-scale LNG is not new, yet is only recently been recognized as part of the global LNG infrastructure build-out. Small-scale LNG serves a different set of customers than mid or baseload LNG export terminal operators serve, and in the case of the United States, do not require FERC approval. The smaller liquefaction plants typically have a production capacity of less than 500,000 tons per year and serve specific uses such as marine bunkering, fuel for over-the-road transport and power generation in targeted locations.
Utility clients are moving towards LNG as an option for a peak capacity market demand solution in gas pipeline-constrained areas. A good example of where this solution could be useful is in New York City, where 72,000 people were without electricity for over 5 hours last Saturday. And utility companies are indicating that outages across their networks could occur this coming weekend due to high temperatures and excessive stress on the grid.
We've executed an agreement with utility-scale focused EPC ODIN to work together to develop a utility-scale market in the Northeastern United States. The Northeast United States is noteworthy as there're multiple projects moving ahead in the short term. In addition to the 3 recent orders we received, Philadelphia Gas Works received City Council approval on June 13 to move their Passyunk LNG plant ahead, which ODIN and Chart will develop and construct together. Additionally, in Massachusetts, the Northeast Energy Center project continues to progress through the necessary steps to begin construction.
This project, which we're also working with ODIN on, is a proposed multifaceted LNG facility that would obtain gas from the Tennessee gas 200 line, that runs across the state, chill the gas for storage in tanks and load gas onto trucks for transport, ultimately supplying national grid customers.
What is important to stress is that this is a growing global market. Much of what you hear about is North American centric as it is very active right now, ranging from small-scale LNG for mining customers in Mexico to power customers in locations, such as the Caribbean and the East and West Coast of the United States. Yet as you can see on the map on Slide 4, this small-scale market is global. In Europe, small-scale LNG facilities are quickly progressing. With the recently opened Gibraltar regasification terminal that enables the country to switch from diesel-fueled power generation to cleaner burning natural gas.
We designed the cryogenic vessels for LNG storage provided vaporizers, loading arm transportation, site construction and startup for that project. The market opportunity for our equipment and process is expected to be greater than $650 million in the next 3 years, not even including the associated repair and service opportunities that tend to come with small-scale plants.
To give you a sense of the current pipeline of opportunity, we are now working in various stages of bidding on 15 potential projects globally, not even including regas terminals, which we'll discuss shortly. Speaking of repair and service, we continued to progress toward our goal of over 20% of our revenue from aftermarket repair and service within 3 years from our current level of 13% of sales.
In the second quarter, we've launched our Chart Parts website where customers can easily find a used tank or place an aftermarket order. The tool has generated $1.2 million of Internet sales for the first half of 2019 compared to last year's full year part sales through the web of $1.8 million.
Let me start on Slide 5 by stating that we continue to expect potential 2019 large LNG-related orders of $600 million to $800 million. Much progress has been made in the second quarter against specific projects that are in our pipeline. This slide has been updated for other big LNG projects that we expect content. And we have removed the small-scale projects that previously were included as we're now talking about them separately. The new projects on this slide are rows 7 through 10, which I will discuss shortly. Before diving into specifics, we have exciting news to share regarding FortisBC's agreement announced yesterday with China's Top Speed Energy Corp. to supply 53,000 tons from its Tilbury facility in British Columbia as of 2021 for 2 years. The Tilbury facility uses IPSMR process technology and Chart equipment.
Starting on row 1 on the chart, not only does Venture Global Calcasieu Pass project, for which we booked $135 million order in March, have all necessary premise to proceed, including FERC authorization and non-FTA export authorization from the Department of Energy. They secured $1.3 billion of Stonepeak equity funding in May and has commenced construction on the 10 million ton per annum project. We're currently working with Baker Hughes, GE under a limited notice to proceed and expect final notice to proceed in the near future. Venture Global has also made significant strides in additional commitments for their Plaquemines 20 million ton per annum export terminal project, which is now included on this slide on row 7.
In the quarter, VG secured 2.5 million tons per annum with PGNiG and raised an incremental $675 million of institutional equity commitments for Plaquemines, a 36 cold box project for us. Tellurian and subsidiaries of Total S.A. entered into definitive agreement last week, agreeing to invest $500 million in Driftwood Holdings and purchase 1 million tons per annum from Driftwood LNG as well as taking 1.5 million tons per annum of offtake LNG volume. Tellurian has indicated that Chinese customers are not critical to getting Driftwood to FID. And phase 1 or 16.6 million ton per annum FID is continued to be expected in the second half of 2019. Cheniere advances Corpus Christi Stage 3 project planned for a 2020 FID with the announcement of their supply side liquefaction agreement with Apache Corporation.
Also meaningfully is Cheniere's recent statement that they are comfortable that Stage 3 is a 2020 event with or without China. We've now included Cheniere's Corpus Christi Stage 4, Golar's Gandria floating LNG project and Freeport LNG Train 4 in rows 8 through 10. We're currently bidding on Corpus Stage 4 for potential brazed aluminum and air-cooled heat exchanger content as well as cold box and core-in Kettle content. Golar's third FLNG vessel, Gandria, will be the same design as the Hilli and Gimi, both of which utilized Chart equipment.
And finally, we supplied Brazed Aluminum Heat Exchangers for the NGP plant on the Freeport trains already in place and currently are bidding on the brazed content for the feed gas pretreatment on Train 4. IPSMR has been chosen for both Driftwood and CCL Stage 3. IPSMR already has undergone technology qualification and has been expected by 2 international oil companies. We're also working directly with one another IOC that is keenly interested in implementing IPSMR at the early stages of their project plans.
The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office recently granted a process patent covering the use of the cold vapor separator in our IPSMR liquefaction process. The cold vapor separator significantly enhances efficiency of Chart's liquefaction technology. This is the fifth U.S. patent in the IPSMR family, covering liquefaction, heavy hydrocarbon removal and end flash gas cold recovery. We also have significant international patent coverage of the technology to complement U.S. coverage. Several other patent applications are currently undergoing examination by the USPTO and foreign patent offices.
So speaking of the international big LNG projects, let's turn to Slide 6. This international build-out of big LNG is another contributor to the global LNG infrastructure opportunities that we participate in. On the left-hand inside of the page are a subset of international liquefaction projects of varying sizes. Most of our equipment content on these projects relates to pretreatment, and we anticipate having content on 14 of the 19 international projects shown.
Also worth noting on the right-hand side of the page is the need for regasification once the export terminals produce. Regas capacity is expected to expand by 55% by 2025 with Asia-Pacific and Europe as a key regions for regasification terminals. These facilities are in our wheelhouse from a D&S and E&C standpoint and revenue varies based on size and content of the facility. For a vaporizer-only project, our content could be in a $15 million to $30 million range.
For multiuse terminals that include regas, marine loading and in-land truck loading capabilities, our content range would be $25 million to $40 million. And for large-scale power regasification, which are multilevel skids that have vaporization packages for direct ship-to-shore power applications, our content can be north of $75 million. We have numerous regas terminals that we are bidding on right now.
Moving to Slide 7 from left to right on the slide, another key aspect of global LNG infrastructure build-out is over-the-road transport. As we announced earlier this year, we executed 2 long-term agreements with key European over-the-road trucking customers for HLNG fueling systems. In May, an official decision was made to grant European patents for our integrated HLNG fuel system. This is important as our customers continue to request innovation to this particular product, which creates further stickiness beyond just LPAs and keeps us as a first mover in LNG fueling systems globally. Specific innovations for the next-generation LNG fuel system include a performance-enhancing design for new higher horsepower natural gas engines and a space-optimized package, which improves driving range by up to 7% in certain applications. As over-the-road LNG transport continues to grow, so do the associated fueling stations. In the first half of 2019, we have received 28 fueling station orders compared to 13 in the first half of last year.
Moving to specialty markets, for which sales increased 24% in the first half of 2019 compared to the first half of 2018, the middle of Slide 7 shows our Chillzilla bulk system, which supplies consistent liquid nitrogen for optimum freezing performance. This quarter, we booked $1.5 million of Chillzilla order for a new food and beverage end customer that makes beef patties for a large fast food operation.
Last quarter, we shared our penetration with large beverage companies on Nitro beverages. This is just another example of the over $500 million market opportunity for our products in food and beverage in the next 3 years.
The third column on Slide 7 shows an example of one of our specialty markets taking hold outside of the United States. In the quarter, we delivered India's largest hydrogen tank which was manufactured in collaboration with the Indian Space Research Organization at our facility in India. Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket propellant and due to the low temperatures involved, storage projects always pose complex challenges both from a technical and safety perspective. As hydrogen grows globally, we are uniquely positioned to provide large liquid hydrogen tanks for various applications. This is also a good example of specialty markets taking hold outside of the western hemisphere. The combination of specialty market activities with India's LNG infrastructure growth provides us even more opportunity in the region.
Infrastructure build is beginning to be a reality in India as we booked our first order for LCNG bus station in our first order for 5 LNG trailers in the region. We have $20 million of bidding activity currently happening for India, including bids related to our MoU with IOCL that we signed in March. India's Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board has designated 7 significant companies that are responsible for the city gas distribution in 250 geographic areas. These companies have control over how the gas distribution networks, inclusive of CNG and LNG, are developed and operated within the geographical areas. IOCL has the most with 35 areas.
Last night, we signed a memorandum of understanding with AG&P, another one of the significant companies with responsibility to execute their infrastructure for their city gas requirements in a certain amount of time per their agreement with the Indian government. AG&P is a global industrial infrastructure company with deep expertise in LNG, modularization and field construction. AG&P has multiple LNG initiatives worldwide, including the development and rollout of the following: AG&P's city gas distribution business in India, where they've won long-term exclusive concessions to connect millions of people to compressed natural gas for their vehicles and pipe natural gas directly into their homes across 28 districts; small- and medium-scale LNG import terminals, such as AG&P's pending terminals in Karaikal India that will provide the vital link to bring commercially attractive convenient and safe gas to population centers that today rely on more expensive fuels; LNG applications and logistics, such as LNG delivery to end customers by different transportation options; and finally, additional intellectual property that have made AG&P and its engineering company Gas Entec leaders in the design, build, testing and commissioning of LNG bunkering vessels, floating storage and regasification. As we've mentioned numerous times, these Indian opportunities are the direct result of the addition of VRV to our portfolio. We also have captured synergies in other regions, including Singapore and Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Israel.
Revenue synergies totaled $6 million in our first 6 months of ownership or said differently, we've 9 new customers that neither Chart or VRV could have accessed prior to the combination. In the first quarter of 2019, VRV was at an operating margin loss, as we moved low-margin backlog out to be replaced by higher-margin work. And the team's executed identifying cost synergies. The second quarter 2019 VRV results were operating income and EBITDA positive when adjusted for onetime costs, well on the way to our anticipated 15% plus EBITDA margins expected exiting the fourth quarter of 2019. VRV second quarter orders of $27.8 million were 6.2% higher than the first quarter, resulting in VRV backlog of $85.8 million, an increase of 9% over the first quarter of 2019.
Another benefit of our global footprint is bringing our traditionally North American-manufactured energy products into other regions thereby penetrating markets and customers that previously were off the radar stream due to the economics of shipping from United States. With the completion of the Air-X-Changers' acquisitions as of July 1, we are not only starting to execute on the $20 million of cost synergies, but we're also beginning to leverage our global footprint to bring what traditionally was nearly all North American air coolers to international markets adding revenue synergies. We intend to utilize our Indian and European manufacturing facilities to add a new set of markets and projects that neither our Chart legacy air coolers nor Air-X-Changers played in previously.
We continue to see growing order activity for the newly formed Energy & Chemicals FinFans segment, which is where the Air-X-Changers business will report. Total backlog as of the end of Q2 for FinFans, inclusive of AXC was $223 million, which covers over 80% of our second half 2019 revenue forecast for that segment.
While there's been recent concern over softening compression markets, we are not seeing any significant decline. The Permian basins, where we have our largest presence, is the most active basin in the U.S., largely because the well results are the best economics in the country. We've seen in the last few weeks some declining rig activity in the Permian, although less than other basins. The gas production, which is a byproduct of desired oil production growth, continues to climb as operators increase rig efficiencies. Furthermore, new compression will be needed for the infrastructure to move gas to downstream markets.
There's also recently been consolidation activity in the compression sector, largely focused in the Permian as new entrants have been attracted to the Permian growth story and are looking to capitalize trend toward larger horsepower compression units. We expect these well-capitalized operators will continue to invest more capital into large HP compression units, a sweet spot for Air-X-Changers.
Before we move into our strengthening margin profile, I'll take a few minutes to discuss some other market drivers that are not included in our guidance or 2020 outlook that could have significant upside impacts for us over the next 3 years. These 2 areas are IMO 2020 and LNG By Rail.
Recently, SEA\LNG released a study showing that LNG as a marine fuel delivers the best return on investment. The study highlights key findings, LNG is a better return on investment, the CapEx hurdle is diminishing, it delivers competitive energy cost, has higher environmental performance and is the most financially effective long-term method for complying with the 2020 sulfur cap. All of these trends further support that once enforced, those complying with IMO 2020 may need Chart equipment.
We briefly discussed LNG By Rail on our last earnings call and our unique position with our Gas By Rail offering. May 2020 is the expected date for the completion of the regulatory efforts based on the executive order signed by President Trump. Since the signing of the order, there's been continued interest in our LNG tank cars for transporting LNG by rail as freight for both domestic consumption and export. In addition, there is renewed interest in LNG fuel tenders for dual fuel locomotives. For example, Florida East Coast Railway is the first North American railway to operate its entire fleet of trains on LNG. It has reduced carbon emissions by 25% and sulfur emissions by more than 40% on the Jacksonville to Miami, Florida route. We designed and built Florida East Coast Railway's tender cars to ensure safety and economic benefits for FEC.
Moving to Slide 8 and into the margin discussion. On the top half of the slide, adjusted gross margin as a percent of sales is shown for the second quarter of 2019 compared sequentially to the first quarter, and the bottom of the slide shows the comparison to the second quarter of 2018.
Sequentially, each segment's adjusted gross margin as a percent of sales is up over 125 basis points, with D&S West, up 270 basis points, reflecting the pricing and 80/20 efforts taking hold. Also noteworthy and not to be overshadowed by the improvements in gross margin are the continued reductions in SG&A.
SG&A in the second quarter was $50.3 million or $47.1 million, excluding restructuring and transaction-related costs. This is a sequential decline from first quarter SG&A of $55.3 million or $50.6 million, excluding onetime costs.
To provide details on the pieces of what is driving the bottom line benefits, turn to Slide 9, which recaps our first quarter 2019 restructuring activities. While I won't repeat what we shared with you in April, we included this so that you can build to our year-to-date impacts.
Quickly moving to Slide 10, which shows our second quarter restructuring actions. In the quarter, we had $4.4 million of restructuring cost, which will result in annual benefit in 2020 of $4.2 million and $3 million incremental benefit in the second half of 2019.
The following are the specifics. We completed the consolidation of our La Crosse, Wisconsin office location into our plant. This is shown in a red box because it was previously included in our assumptions. Across all of the segments in corporate, we further took advantage of Chart business services and reduced overlapping headcount in various facilities. Finally and with the most impact was the closure of our LNG vehicle tank line in China. In China, this is a very competitive and fragmented market with numerous changes from the government to the LNG truck-emission standards. Over the course of producing vehicle tanks in China starting in 2013, we've not had a year where we've made money. This product line lost anywhere from $1 million in 2013 to $1.5 million in 2018 on $1.8 million of revenue. We can serve the region from our Italian or U.S. HLNG fuel systems lines. Year-to-date, we have executed restructuring actions that will result in $10.7 million of annualized savings beginning in 2020. In addition to the restructuring, it is also worth noting that against our original $5.5 million of expected annualized sourcing savings, we have, to date, achieved $6.3 million.
Obviously, I was in a mood to use maps in this deck today. And so to keep that trend going, let's slip to Slide 11, where you can see the extent of our global footprint. Out of our 27 locations, 9 have been added since September of 2017, including the key locations from the VRV acquisition. Not only has having regional manufacturing around the world opened new markets and customers to us, it has allowed us to, in conjunction with our 80/20 process, strategically utilize our capacity, both from a lead time perspective as well as from a cost perspective. For example, we've been able to reduce lead times in 27 of our 44 Distribution & Storage product categories since the beginning of this year. We've done this through utilizing various locations to build the core bottles to have on hand, which can be customized in a shorter period of time to customer requirements, hold stock on product that is critical to customers, spread high-demand product between facilities and make products closer to the end customer.
The combination of the margin-expansion activities, the addition of Air-X-Changers and underlying fundamentals of the industry tailwinds contribute to the reiteration of our prior guidance, as shown on Slide 12. Sales for the full year of 2019 are expected to be in a range of $1.41 billion to $1.46 billion with corresponding adjusted earnings per share of $2.85 to $3.20 on approximately 34.7 million weighted average shares outstanding. This excludes any restructuring and transaction-related costs and assumes an effective tax rate of 21%. Our guidance assumes LNG project revenue in 2019 from the Venture Global Calcasieu Pass and Golar Gimi projects, which is subject to project timing. We've included additional impacts from our strategic financing activities in our guidance, as shown on row 8. We had included an initial estimate in our prior guidance from early May when we announced the AXC transaction. The combination of the second quarter beat on EPS and the further restructuring benefits in the second half of the year are expected to offset the additional financing drag. While we've not seen negative impacts to our supply chain from the Chinese tariff situation, we're carefully monitoring any impacts to our orders and sales. In the second quarter, we experienced a few bidding losses in China to local suppliers, which were articulated as driven by the trade tension.
The only other tangible negative from the trade dynamic has been the inability to ship stainless steel cryobiological freezers into China, which had delayed $2 million of sales. These sales will be recognized very quickly after the trade situation is resolved.
I'll now turn it over to Jeff to walk through specifics of the second quarter earnings on Slide 13 and provide information related to over 4 segments second half 2019 expectations.
Jeffrey R. Lass, Chart Industries, Inc. - VP, CFO , Treasurer & CAO [3]
Thanks, Jill. The margin expansion activities, Jill described, contributed to our net income for the second quarter of 2019, the $14.4 million, an increase over the first quarter 2019 net income of $0.9 million. Reported earnings per share of $0.41 is an increase over the first quarter 2019 EPS of $0.03.
Slide 13 shows adjusted EPS of $0.68 for the second quarter of 2019, which included $6.7 million of restructuring and transaction-related costs, $0.8 million of VRV-associated interrogation costs and dilution impact from convertible notes that are fully hedged. Second quarter 2019 adjusted EPS of $0.68 is 74% increase over the first quarter adjusted EPS of $0.39 and a 42% increase over the second quarter 2018 adjusted EPS of $0.48, as shown on the last row of the chart.
Slide 14 is a recap of our reiterated guidance that Jill walked you through. In addition to the sales, EPS, tax rate guidance already shared, our capital expenditure guidance remains at $35 million to $40 million of anticipated spend. Year-to-date, we have spent $15.1 million.
Finally, while we do not share our guide at the segment level, the following will give you a sense of the second half 2019 revenue and gross margin ranges by the 4 segments.
We expect E&C FinFans gross margin as a percent of sales to be in the range of 26.5% to 28% on a revenue of $270 million to $285 million. E&C cryo revenue range is anticipated to be at $135 million to $150 million with associated gross margin of 25% to 28%. D&S West revenue range of $245 million to $260 million with expected gross margin as a percent of sales between 35% and 37%. And finally, D&S East gross margin as a percent of sales is expected to be 22% to 23.5% with associated second half revenue of $150 million to $165 million.
I will now turn it over to Daniel to open it up for questions.
(Operator Instructions) Our first question comes from James West with Evercore ISI.
James Carlyle West, Evercore ISI Institutional Equities, Research Division - Senior MD [2]
Congrats on another solid deep -- solid quarter. Jill, with all moving parts we've seen over the last 18 months or so, the acquisitions and divestitures, a lot of work on the margin side, where do you think -- if I exclude big LNG, which can be episodic, as you know, where do you think your kind of mid-cycle earnings would shake out at this point? I think it's about $4, but I'm curious to hear your thoughts on that?
I would agree with your estimate there. And mid-cycle, from our perspective, is looking like on a 7-year cycle type of view. And from our 2020 outlook, we will -- we maintain what we put out in early May that our updated outlook inclusive of big LNG projects is $8 to $8.75 of adjusted EPS in 2020. We also anticipate that 2020 is not the peak in this cycle.
Right. Okay. Great. And then just a follow-up for you on the base -- again on the base business ex the large-scale LNG. Where is that -- what do you think your growth rate is now, just kind of normalized growth rate post all the acquisitions, et cetera?
We forecast 7% to 9% organic growth still on the base business pre any big LNG. That's our outlook for 2020. And there's a little bit of upside potential to that. But that's really available to us, and we have a good line of sight to achieving that into next year.
Our next question comes from Martin Malloy with Johnson Rice.
Martin Whittier Malloy, Johnson Rice & Company, L.L.C., Research Division - Director of Research [7]
Congratulations on the quarter. There's been some news recently about -- in some international markets about mid-scale LNG liquefaction projects in conjunction with bunkering, opportunities related to marine. Can you maybe talk about how you're seeing that market develop and opportunity there for you? It seems like it's a combination of 2 markets that you're well suited for?
Yes. Absolutely. That is correct. That is an opportunity that's recently been developing. And I think folks mix between small-scale and mid-scale. We tend to call these small-scale and regasification terminals, but that's inclusive also of some of the marine bunkering applications. We are starting to see interest in the utilization of IPSMR process technology for certain terminals overseas. And that's something that also has been leveraged through the work that's been done over the last 3 years with the international oil companies that I referenced with respect to their projects and their development, whether through joint ventures or investment in some of the smaller mid-scale terminals. So we see a lot of opportunity. Those opportunities are included in the small-scale and regasification numbers that I provided on the call today.
Okay. And then on Harsco, you mentioned international markets for growth there. And could you maybe just talk about some of the potential applications that you're seeing for their equipment?
Jillian C. Evanko, Chart Industries, Inc. - CEO, President & Director [10]
So this is an area that -- this is first time we're talking about revenue synergies from the AXC acquisition, and there's a huge opportunity for us to take air coolers overseas. It's something that neither we, Chart, did nor Harsco AXC did previously, and that was really a function of the localized manufacturing needed in the region, just not economical to ship these things from anywhere in North America to applications ranging from NGP through petrochemical to other large facility builds. And we're seeing a significant desire for air coolers in the Middle East as well as starting to see that in Southeast Asia in locations such as Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar. So Southeast Asia and Middle East are really the 2 target geographies.
And our next question comes from Tom Hayes with Northcoast Research.
Thomas Lloyd Hayes, Northcoast Research Partners, LLC - MD & Senior Research Analyst [12]
Jill, maybe just kind of on the manufacturing front, as kind of there has been talk about maybe a softening on the manufacturing front globally, have you seen any change in your demand for your industrial gas storage business?
We've not yet seen any negative impacts on that side of the house. We are monitoring it because it's certainly something that's a macroeconomic factor that could impact us. But I think the other thing to remember is, our markets while tied to industrial gas, also are very broad and have a wide set of applications. So the linkages to some of these industry tailwinds that we talked about today, also help in terms of keeping industrial gas moving forward and as well as the fact that we are on long-term agreements with the major industrial guys, that gives us a little bit better visibility than perhaps the general macroeconomic situation gives. So not yet, but it's something that we are watching.
Great. And then maybe as -- on a follow-up, thinking about the longer-term margin profile, do you see that the gap between the gross margin on D&S West and D&S East closing over time?
We do see that gap closing over time. So D&S West was the frontrunner in our business purposely on the 80/20 actions. We have started 80/20 in D&S East but there's also some just fundamental margin opportunities for us to get quickly out of the D&S East business. We would anticipate that D&S West kind of be at its peak in the high 30%, possibly up to 40% gross margin as a percent of sales, whereas D&S East can inch up toward 30%. We don't see D&S East, just given the China dynamic, ever overlapping where D&S West gross margins are.
And our next question comes from Rob Brown with Lake Street Capital Markets.
Robert Duncan Brown, Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC, Research Division - Senior Research Analyst [17]
On the sourcing efforts, you said you're running ahead of plan there. Can you give us an update on where you think that can go? And how much more room you have there?
We've been extremely pleased with the results of the sourcing activities, and a big part of that is credit to the Chart business service team, inclusive of naming an individual to run the global sourcing project and all the folks around the globe that have participated in the efforts. So I want to make sure that I don't diminish what they've done because that really just hammered away the first half of this year. We see another $5 million of sourcing savings from the core business. And then on top of that, inclusive within our $20 million of AXC is $3 million to $4 million of sourcing.
Okay. Great. And then moving to the fueling station, LNG fueling station opportunity. What geographies are you seeing the most growth? And what's the size of that market opportunity in your view at this point?
So of the 28 in the first half of the year, 10 of those were in China and the other 18 were in Europe. I think Europe by far is our most early days significant grower between the 2 regions. LNG fueling station for us, depending on the size and the construct, ranges between $650,000 and $1.1 million per station. The opportunity there for -- we are quoting like crazy on these fueling stations in Europe. I'm not going to cite a number for you because it's -- I don't want everybody to get out over their skis, but suffice it to say that it is a very active market right now and the infrastructure in Europe build-out is supporting at least that in the second half.
And our next question comes from Eric Stine with Craig-Hallum.
Eric Andrew Stine, Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC, Research Division - Senior Research Analyst [22]
So maybe bigger-picture in E&C. Obviously, with IPSMR and IPSMR+, you're in a good position or very good position this current cycle. But as you think long term, just curious, do you feel like the market fully realized the benefits of that versus other process technologies? And then you've got -- you mentioned the acceptance with the 2 global energy majors. Just aside from -- what that means from an overall market perspective? Should we view that as if those majors have projects? They are committed exclusively to go IPSMR? Or anything you can share there would be helpful?
Sure. And I do want to just restate what I said on the call that there's a third that's highly interested in working with us as well. So I think that the process is starting to get -- it's starting to get better known in a wider audience. Certainly, the Fortis British Columbia facility and installation of IPSMR is somewhere that we can take future customer to see it working and running. So as it starts to take hold, we are seeing an acceleration of others interested in it. And as you're well aware, there's only a certain number of process technologies in the market. I do think that this bodes well for us in the next 10 years. So just like you're seeing right now, projects that are coming online from 7, 8, 9 years ago, this cycle, I think you'll start to see that happen again in the next cycle, and that will have even more of a foothold for IPSMR.
With respect to the second half of your question around what does that mean with the IOCs, my hands are pretty tied in terms what I can share publicly on our agreements and relationships with those IOCs. But we do work closely when they have a project or when they are invested in a project to move the process technology and get it involved there, but that's the extent of what I can tell you on that.
Okay. Fair enough. Maybe last for me just on the vehicle tank side. I know you've got the 2 agreements in Europe, and you're adding capacity there. I think in the last call or 2, you've mentioned talking to more than a handful in terms of LNG interest, which I guess probably means you're talking to everyone. So I mean just maybe any detail on how that's progressed in the market?
We haven't seen any meaningful progression with any of the new guys that we're talking to. So it's really been maintained with the 2 that we've long-term agreements with. There's is a third that we do sell some tanks to. What we're seeing now is the folks that we have the long-term agreements with are working very closely with us on that next-gen that I spoke about, and that is ramping next 3-year volumes. So we'll see a significant uptick is our anticipation in 2020 and again in 2021 from those guys. I think it's going to be a slower roll for some of these other regions and/or customers that we're working to penetrate. We've been talking with them for a few years. And it has been evident in -- certainly in the European market is it takes 1 mover and then some of the other folks follow. And I think that's going to be the case in places like India or places like Southeast Asia.
And our next question comes from Pavel Molchanov with Raymond James.
Pavel S. Molchanov, Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division - Energy Analyst [27]
I remember in 2013 and '14, PetroChina was a huge customer specifically for those natural gas fueling stations, and that business essentially went away for a period of time. And you're indicating that it's coming back including in China. I'm curious kind of what the dynamic there is that led to the revival of something that seems to have disappeared?
Well, it's certainly not coming back to any level close to 2013 or 2014. So I'll be perfectly crystal clear on that. 10 stations in the first half of the year is an increase over the last year, and that's a good sign. But we're talking about increasing of 10% versus what we saw in 2013, 2014 of 30%. So we don't forecast, nor do we expect anything higher than kind of that 10% to 12% going forward.
And with respect to the second piece of your question, we are seeing a little bit of movement in the market and that's really what's been happening over the last 5 to 7 years of when the government's pushing for certain regulations and certain requirements then you see the market move that way. But it's not been nor will it be close to what it was back in the boom time of '13 or '14.
Okay. Next, balance sheet, with the equity raise from a month ago, are you essentially where you want to be in terms of your leverage metrics?
Jeffrey R. Lass, Chart Industries, Inc. - VP, CFO , Treasurer & CAO [30]
Yes. I think post closure of the Harsco deal, right out of the, we're at 3.3, which is a little north of our stated range of 2 to 3x. But we've got visibility that to delevering against that very quickly. And I think that would now continue to be the way that we think about the business. We want to work with a strong balance sheet and give ourselves the ability to take advantage of opportunities that are in the market from time to time. So yes. I think we're where we want to be.
And our next question comes from Craig Shere with Tuohy Brothers.
Craig Kenneth Shere, Tuohy Brothers Investment Research, Inc. - Director of Research [32]
Congratulations on a great quarter again. Look forward to seeing in 2, 3 weeks here. I'm just trying to understand the 7% and 9% organic growth before big LNG. Because it seems like there's a little disconnect between that and some of the stair step opportunities and small-scale LNG, maritime fuel, over-the-road opportunities, food and beverage. Maybe you could elaborate on how much of a very doable target that is? And how much we could exceed it if some of these other opportunities really manifest as you've been kind of generally describing they could?
Are you calling me a sandbagger?
Just my guess as to what the potential upside might be.
Yes. So hopefully all of you have been around us for a period of time now understand that we like to guide to something that we have a high level of confidence in, and that's what we've done again in this 2020 outlook. So to your point, Craig, there is upside to that certainly in the base business as well as the specialty markets business. What we are waiting on in terms of increasing that any further is with respect to the timing around the new HLNG design for the vehicle tank that we talked about today. So that could be a significant lever for us. We do have a good line of sight on potential hydrogen projects that would increase this as well and probably the other one I would talk to you is around the fueling stations that there is high potential for more than what we've included here. And then later on, IMO and LNG By Rail, you could be in a 11% to 13% growth very quickly here. But the 7% to 9%, we have tangibly actions and order books and order bidding activity that give us high level of confidence in that forecast.
Is it fair to say that low double-digit growth could be a multiyear phenomenon?
And one last question here kind of following up on Pavel's balance sheet query. Your -- given your low CapEx or ramping free cash flow, you're looking at material organic deleveraging as time goes on here. Our -- assuming there's no more real big ticket M&A, at some point probably, you're going to be in the fortuitous position of having a 2.5x leverage and still very robust free cash flow. What do you think about -- as you envision a couple of years out, could you see potentially looking at share buybacks?
Yes. I would say we've articulated our priorities for free cash flow as continue to invest in growth and productivity in the business. And from a CapEx perspective, we've sort of given you that guidance. And certainly in the near-term, we're going to focus on deleveraging the business. But to your point, we should be able to achieve that relatively quickly and the business ought to continue to generate very healthy free cash flows beyond that. But as we sort of survey the field and continue to think about our potential growth initiatives, we have an active M&A pipeline that we evaluate. We still see opportunities in the marketplace, and we will prioritize that at this point in time. Down the road, never rule anything out, but those are our priorities that we've stated and I think we're going to stick to those for the foreseeable future.
And our next question comes from John Sturges with Oppenheimer & Co.
John S. Sturges, Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. - Director of Investments [41]
Impressive margin improvements for the quarter, so congrats on that. I have 2 questions. They are mostly top-down policy. One is recent regulation reductions in the U.S., does that have -- has had any impact on margin improvement? Or is that mostly internally generated? And the second one is -- has to do with U.S. tariff policy to reduce global tariffs. I am curious as to how that may impact U.S. versus your global manufacturing sites in terms of where you might have to ship production?
So the margin expansion is nearly whole from internal activities to the first half of your question. To the second half of your question, we are uniquely positioned and very pleased with the position of having the options to decide where we make what we have a lot of flexibility in our lines in terms of being able to produce in the various different geographic locations, and that is something that we constantly are looking at based on the economic and the trade situations that are happening. So we will take advantage of having the opportunity to manufacture closer to our customers and also think through the impact from any tariffs on our products.
If there're no more questions, I will now turn the call back over to Jill Evanko for some concluding remarks.
Thanks, Daniel. As you heard today, our unique position in serving the liquefaction, storage and transport for global LNG infrastructure provides a strong and varied order book ahead. We continue to be bullish on our big LNG opportunities. And while we are carefully watching the macroeconomic industrial and China trade war situation, we are pleased to reiterate our 2019 full year guidance. I want to thank our team members for executing the quarter results, continuing to drive order opportunities and completing the Air-X-Changers' acquisition. Last, but certainly not least, an official warm Chart welcome to the Air-X-Changers' team. Thank you all for your time today and goodbye.
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for participating in today's conference. This concludes today's program. You may all disconnect. Everyone, have a wonderful day.
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The struggle of 1971 was once the main major geopolitical occasion within the Indian subcontinent on the grounds that its partition in 1947. At one swoop, it ended in the construction of Bangladesh, and it tilted the stability of energy among India and Pakistan steeply in desire of India. the road of keep watch over in Kashmir, the nuclearization of India and Pakistan, the conflicts in Siachen Glacier and Kargil, the insurgency in Kashmir, the political travails of Bangladesh--all may be traced again to the serious 9 months in 1971.
Against the grain of got knowledge, Srinath Raghavan contends that faraway from being a predestined occasion, the construction of Bangladesh was once the made of conjuncture and contingency, selection and likelihood. The breakup of Pakistan and the emergence of Bangladesh may be understood purely in a much broader foreign context of the interval: decolonization, the chilly battle, and incipient globalization. In a story populated via the likes of Nixon, Kissinger, Zhou Enlai, Indira Gandhi, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Tariq Ali, George Harrison, Ravi Shankar, and Bob Dylan, Raghavan vividly portrays the stellar overseas forged that formed the origins and consequence of the Bangladesh crisis.
This strikingly unique heritage makes use of the instance of 1971 to open a window to the character of foreign humanitarian crises, their administration, and their accidental results.
During this sweeping experience tale, Stephen E. Ambrose, the bestselling writer od D-Day, offers the definitive account of 1 of the main momentous trips in American background. Ambrose follows the Lewis and Clark day trip from Thomas Jefferson's desire of discovering a waterway to the Pacific, in the course of the heart-stopping moments of the particular journey, to Lewis's lonely dying at the Natchez hint.
Tremendous and fantastic white, P&O's flagship the SS Canberra was once a last salute to a bygone period of opulence while she launched into her maiden voyage, For a decade she carried passengers among Britain and Australia, a 90-day voyage of pampering and decadence. yet in March 1982, Britain went to battle to guard the Falkland Islands and the SS Canberra discovered herself, surreally, requisitioned as a troop send to hold the Marines and Paratroops into conflict.
Karl IX's disastrous defeat at Kirkholm (September 1605) provided sufficient evidence of that. 30 Sweden was a respectable second-rate monarchy in 1611, no mean accomplishment for a state with such humble beginnings. There was nothing, however, to suggest potential for national 'greatness', that Sweden might make its influence felt in European politics beyond the Baltic. And even in the Baltic world, it was overshadowed by Poland and Denmark. For all of the commercial labors of its kings, Sweden remained an impoverished state, and the constitutional fissures that had begun to open wide after 1587 hinted at an impending crisis over the nature of political authority.
All five of the early Vasa kings had come face-to-face with internal challenges to their authority. Two of them – Erik and Sigismund – had of course succumbed; nonetheless, the authority of the crown was undiminished when Karl IX died in 1611. Given the odds ranged against it, the most remarkable thing about the Vasa 'experiment' was that the kingdom survived intact to greet the new century. That is not to say, however, that the Vasa state had survived unchanged, or that the problems that had confronted Gustav Vasa had been solved.
Moreover, the Catholic experiment exacerbated the growing split between Johan and his brother Karl of Södermanland. 13 The Catholic experiment allowed Karl to pose as the defender of the Lutheran faith. Johan III managed to suppress Karl's ambitions, and before the end of the reign the two brothers had reconciled, at least formally. But by the late 1580s, as Johan drew closer to death, the likelihood of a smooth dynastic succession did not appear promising. Johan's eldest son and designated heir, Prince Sigismund, had converted to Catholicism as a boy, and refused to give up his faith when Johan ceased his efforts to return Sweden to papal obedience.


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You can set a banner on a Cisco router so that when either a user logs into the router or an administrator telnets into the router,for example,a banner will give them the information you want them to have .Another reason for having a banner is to add a security notice to users dialing into your internetwork.
Router (config) # banner ?
The Message of the day is the most used and gives a message to every person dialing in or connecting to the router via Telnet,auxiliary port,or console port.
Router (config) # banner motd ?
Enter TEXT message.End with the character '#'.


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Evidence mapping
Impact evaluation
Evidence impact
Research transparency
3ie invented evidence gap maps to improve decision-making around where to make investments in producing more evidence or synthesising existing evidence. Since then, we have pioneered further advancements, including developing our interactive online map platform and innovating evidence mapping to broaden its use in development decision-making.
3ie funds and quality assures formative and impact evaluations of development programmes in low- and middle-income countries. These evaluations provide crucial evidence on what works, for whom, why and at what cost. On our website, we host the largest-of-its-kind impact evaluation repository that includes summaries of both 3ie-funded and other studies.
We are global leaders in producing and assuring the quality of theory-based systematic reviews of the effectiveness of development interventions. 3ie continues to innovate and improve synthesis and systematic review methodologies and the uptake and use of synthesised evidence.
3ie specialises in increasing access to, demand for and use of evidence by governments, parliaments, programme managers, civil society, programme participants and the media. We do this by emphasising the value of planning and engaging with stakeholders to ensure that evaluations and reviews are relevant and useful. We use robust and effective monitoring to measure evidence use so that we can convey evidence impact on programmes and policies with greater confidence.
We set up our replication programme to address the need for a freely available global public good that helps improve the quality and reliability of impact evaluation evidence used for development decision-making. Replication is the most established method of research validation in science, yet it has not been fully embraced by the research community or development donors, leading to this gap.
3ie's evidence programmes and services help build technical capacity to commission and conduct rigorous evaluations, produce evidence gap maps, conduct evidence synthesis and use evidence. We also work with L&MIC governments to build effective monitoring and evaluation systems. 3ie's bursary programme supports L&MIC policymakers, programme managers and researchers to participate in specialised training and international events.
3ie has always been strongly committed to research transparency and open access to data. We are proud to be a leader in the growing movement to improve global standards for research transparency.
On request, 3ie provides services to partners for supporting the generation and use of evidence to inform their development policies and programmes. We commission and quality assure evidence gap maps, evaluations and syntheses as well as provide training.
3ie plays a unique role in promoting collaboration among researchers, policymakers and development programme managers at country, regional and global levels. Our global advocacy for evidence-informed action helps ensure decision makers have quality evidence about what works when they need it.
Evidence hub
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Searching this database will bring up published impact evaluations from our Impact Evaluation Repository as well as completed 3ie-funded impact evaluations.
These provide a visual display of completed and ongoing systematic reviews and impact evaluations in a sector or sub-sector, structured around a framework of interventions and outcomes.
We provide funding for replications, conduct in-house replication research and publish guidance on replication methodology. We also provide funding to original authors of 3ie-funded for preparing their raw datasets.
As part of our mandate as a knowledge producer and translator for our main audiences, we publish a range of knowledge products. These include briefs, impact evaluation reports, systematic review reports and summaries, replication papers, evidence gap map reports, scoping reports and working papers.
3ie's Registry for International Development Impact Evaluations (RIDIE) aims to enhance the transparency and quality of impact evaluation research before it begins.
Innovations in data for impact evaluation
West Africa Capacity-buidling and Impact Evaluation
Strengthening the use of evidence for development impact
Replication Programme on Financial Services for the Poor
Replication programme on HIV prevention
3ie's evidence programmes support studies to fill critical knowledge gaps in a sector, sub-sector or in an area with limited rigorous evidence. We fund studies under a specific theme or which address a particular question or set of questions in programme areas where our donors want to expand global public knowledge of what works and what does not.
To help address gaps in the understanding of what works and what does not, we fund a variety of studies across this programme area, including interventions focused on insurance, extension, land-use and forestry, and innovation and technology.
3ie supports impact evaluations, systematic reviews and evidence gap maps on education effectiveness that help answer the questions of what works, for whom, why and at what cost.
We fund the production of rigorous evidence on biodiversity and forest conservation programmes, environmental regulations, impact of sustainable fuels, climate change mitigation and adaptation.
3ie is supporting the generation of evidence in areas such as transparency and accountability in natural resource governance. We also fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions to curb corruption, judicial and civil service reforms, land reforms, public financial management, conflict prevention and peacebuilding, decentralised governance and public service delivery.
We fund the production of rigorous evidence on interventions on HIV and AIDS, immunisation maternal and child health, nutrition and sexual and reproductive health through a number of evidence programmes. Evidence products from these programmes include replication studies, evidence gap maps, systematic reviews and impact evaluations.
We are supporting the generation of rigorous evidence in humanitarian contexts on interventions related to water, sanitation and hygiene, food security, multi-sectoral humanitarian programming and interventions targeting malnutrition.
We fund the production of rigorous evidence on the socio-economic and environmental impacts of public transportation by rail, bus and rapid transit systems, and essential services such as electricity and gas to expand access, foster inclusive growth, and combat climate change through sustainable systems.
3ie, in collaboration with India's rural development ministry is working to generate rigorous evidence on the impact of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission.
We support policy-relevant studies that contribute to improving our understanding of public expenditure trends and improving the delivery of public goods.
We support impact evaluations to build the evidence base on the effectiveness of interventions that reduce the risks faced by the poor through participation in public works and employment programmes.
3ie's has two major evidence programmes that support the generation and use of high-quality evidence for informing decision-making in the water, sanitation and hygiene sector
In alignment with our mission, 3ie promotes rigorous, efficient, and ethical use of innovative data sources for impact evaluations, including in those conducted by 3ie, by 3ie research partners, and in the global development community more broadly.
We work with various departments in the Philippines government to develop and fund rigorous evidence useful for policymakers. We also support capacity-building activities for Philippine researchers and support the impact evaluation management framework of the National Economic and Development Authority.
Working in collaboration with the Office of the Prime Minister, the primary aim is to improve developmental outcomes through evidence-informed decision making in Uganda. 3ie is currently supporting evaluation of government programmes around youth livelihood, family planning, public service delivery and local governance, and universal primary education.
3ie and the government of Benin are working on a a multi-year regional initiative that aims to promote the institutionalization of evaluation in government systems across eight countries in West Africa, including: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo.
This is a five-year programme (2019-23) that is working on increasing the use of evidence by policymakers in Ghana, Pakistan and Uganda. In partnership with country governments, this programme aims to develop capacity and promote innovation in increasing evidence-informed decision-making. SEDI is funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of financial interventions on mobile money, cash transfers, bank deposits, and other financial service interventions targeted towards underserved and unbanked populations in developing countries.
3ie funds internal replications of influential or innovative impact evaluations of biomedical, behavioural, social, and structural HIV prevention and treatment interventions to improve the evidence base in low- and middle-income countries.
View our current funding opportunities for evaluations, systematic reviews and internal replication studies.
3ie senior research fellows
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Institutional policies and reports
3ie at a glance
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Journal of Development Effectiveness
RelevanceTitleLast updated
This new evidence gap map shows what we know – and what we don't know – about food systems interventions
Right now, 690 million people are undernourished and at least 650 million people are obese. Given these staggering statistics, it is imperative that we use the best available evidence to improve nutrition and food security across the globe.
What works in international development?
What have we learned that has been meaningful? What do we need to learn more about to provide meaningful policy recommendations? In 2020, 3ie looked back at some of the evidence we have generated to see if we can provide some insight into these questions.
Ingunn Storhaug, Charlotte Lane 11 January 2021
Despite the hype, do not expect big data to replace traditional surveys anytime soon
Douglas Glandon, Ran Goldblatt, Maria Ruth Jones, Bilal Siddiqi 07 January 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has created new hype around the potential for new, 'big', data sources to revolutionize data collection, and change the landscape of evidence for policy. Non-traditional data sources - like satellite imagery, call detail records, and social media posts—do offer exciting opportunities to track and understand processes on Earth across space and time like never possible before.
Big Data in the time of a pandemic
Zeba Siddiqui, Francis Rathinam 07 January 2021
With a significant number of active cases globally, the novel coronavirus represents an extreme public health challenge. The outbreak of the pandemic has led to stringent travel restrictions, making data collection a highly challenging task for the development research community.
2020 Hindsight: A year of what the evidence has taught us
Marie Gaarder 21 December 2020
A little less than a year ago, at the start of what has become an infamous year, we launched a yearlong social media campaign called '2020 Hindsight: What Works in Development.'
Farmer Field Schools can improve yields, raise incomes, and reduce pesticide use
Paul Thissen 15 December 2020
Interventions that raise agricultural productivity in poor regions have the potential to offer two benefits at once: increasing the food supply and providing income for farmers, who make up a majority of the world's poor.
Evidence Dialogue: Small nudges can help farmers adopt new technologies
These insights came from panelists on Thursday's 3ie Evidence Dialogue webinar, which brought together the lead researchers from three 3ie-supported impact evaluations on agricultural innovations.
Evidence Matters is 3ie's blog. It primarily features contributions from staff and board members. Guest blogs are by invitation.
3ie publishes blogs in the form received from the authors. Any errors or omissions are the sole responsibility of the authors. Views expressed are their own and do not represent the opinions of 3ie, its board of commissioners or supporters.
Empowering women through National Rural Livelihoods Mission
Addressing the need for timely and reliable evidence in the time of COVID-19
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Very busy week. I'm doing ok. Still battling this retched cold/flu whatever u want to call it. I'm hoping that time off work will help.
It's finally winter here. And, I am reminded why I dislike winter. It's just too cold.


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< Back to COVID-19 Homepage
Your safety and PPE
Last updated 17 January 2022.
Please note the advice provided on these pages is intended as general advice. If you have specific concerns, please contact the Duty Officer to discuss your particular circumstances by email [email protected]
Additional information can be found at the Department of Health website.
Q.What PPE do I need? And what if my employer isn't providing it?
If you are providing care for patients who have or are suspected to have coronavirus, your employer must provide you with appropriate PPE to ensure you can do your job safely.
The PPE must be readily accessible to you so you can access it when you need it. Your employer also needs to ensure you are trained in how to use the PPE safely.
For more information visit SA Health's PPE Matrix and infection control recommendations. This document provides advice on what personal protective equipment (PPE) is required and what type of room is appropriate for the patient. The matrix has been developed by SA Health Infectious Disease Physicians for use in the care of hospital patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19.
For more information view the COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Decision Matrix.
Report PPE concerns
If you have concerns that your employer is not providing you with the necessary PPE (or is making it very difficult to access) and/or is not training people in its safe use, then you should:
Put in an incident report at your workplace AND
Escalate your concerns to your employer in writing and ask for an urgent response.
If your concerns are not being taken seriously, contact the Duty Officer. You can also contact SafeWork SA on 1800 777 209 in an emergency.
Q.What does my employer need to do?
A. Work Health and Safety (WHS) laws require employers to take every step, so far as reasonably practicable, to eliminate or minimise the risk of workers and others contracting COVID-19. This will require employers to have a COVID-19 work plan containing a range of control measures.
Employers must genuinely consult workers and unions on measures to control the health and safety risks of COVID-19. Workers should be provided with clear direction and guidance about what is expected of them, in particular:
workers should know when to stay away from the workplace
what action to take if they become unwell, and
what symptoms to be concerned about.
We know that the most effective action employers can take is to ask employees to identify potential exposure to COVID-19 and to financially support them to self-isolate with paid special leave. This is something the ANMF is advocating for.
Q Do I have to work overtime and if so, how much is reasonable?
A. Some areas of the health care system are likely to experience high demand because of the coronavirus (for example Intensive Care Units, emergency departments and pathology laboratories). While employers can ask their employees to work additional hours, those additional hours must be reasonable.
If the pandemic worsens, it will be critical that employers manage the fatigue and general wellbeing of employees. This will usually be in accordance with workplace specific Fatigue Management Systems. Employers should consider all available options to meet increased or changed service needs, including offering additional hours to part-time and casual employees, offering paid overtime or time-off-in-lieu arrangements or engaging additional resources.
Q. If I am concerned about transmission in the course of my work, what should I do? Can I refuse to work?
A. Your health and safety is paramount.
If you've got concerns, the first step should be to talk to your employer and the Health and Safety Representative.
Stopping or leaving work because of a coronavirus concern should only occur if there is a direct or imminent risk to your health. This will depend on the circumstances, but could include:
That you have firm evidence you might be exposed to a confirmed case of coronavirus; or
That you have firm evidence you might be exposed to someone who has travelled to a high-risk country in the last 14 days.
In these circumstances, Health and Safety Representatives may direct a stoppage of work.
Q. As part of my duties I have to complete lung/spirometry assessments, requiring patients to forcefully exhale air within close proximity to a nurse. Is it safe to continue to do this? What PPE should I be provided with?
A. We would advise it is safe to continue to perform such tests if necessary for patient care, however it would be worth chatting to your employer to ensure the appropriate safety protocols are in place to ensure the safety of staff – making sure nurses are supplied with proper PPE, e.g., wearing goggles, surgical masks, etc, while undertaking the test if that is deemed appropriate.
Here is a link to a webpage the government has formulated regarding recommendations for the use of PPE during hospital care of people with COVID-19. This will obviously just be a guide as you are not a hospital and not dealing with people infected with COVID-19, but may be helpful.
Q. Can I get workers' compensation benefits if I contract COVID-19 at work?
A.Workers who contract COVID-19 in the course of their employment may be able to claim workers' compensation benefits for any time lost or medical care required.
However, it may be challenging to prove that work was the significant contributing cause of the injury in light of the growing number of community infections. You should contact the Duty Officer for assistance if you are unable to work due to contracting COVID-19 at work.
Q. Can I wear my uniform to and from work?
A. It is recommended that staff do not wear their uniform home. Staff should wear a clean uniform daily, and if possible, wear other clothing to work and change before leaving work. Uniforms should be placed in a plastic bag to take home and should be washed, as soon as you get home, in hot water and washing detergent in a separate load.
Prior to washing, do not shake clothing and clothes should be dried in a dryer, or outside in sunshine.
Shoes should be left at the entry door and staff should shower before contact with any family members or items in the home.
Q. As a pregnant healthcare worker, can I still work or request a change in my work environment to limit my exposure to Covid positive patients?
Discussion with your obstetrician/physician would be recommended as to your suitability to continue working.
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists:
RANZCOG recommends that, where possible, pregnant health care workers be allocated to patients, and duties, that have reduced exposure to patients with, or suspected to have COVID-19 infection. All personnel should observe strict hygiene protocols and have full access to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
The College also urges employers to be sensitive to the fact that pregnant women are, appropriately, often anxious about their own health and protective of their unborn baby. Consideration should be given to reallocation to lower-risk duties, working from home, or leave of absence.
Here is a link to a webpage with further information that may be helpful.
It is important to discuss with your employer any concerns that you may have and where possible other options to work placement to be considered if needed.
Q. Can I refuse to care for a patient that is not vaccinated against Covid -19?
A. No, National Boards expect all health practitioners to facilitate access to care regardless of someone's vaccination status.
A joint statement from the 15 National Boards and Ahpra has been published to provide guidance to Australian registered health practitioners in relation to the facilitation of access to care in the current COVID-19 environment.
The guidance reinforces existing codes and guidelines and makes clear that National Boards expect practitioners to facilitate access to care regardless of someone's vaccination status. People cannot be denied care if steps can be taken to keep the person, health practitioners and their staff safe.
The Guidance can be accessed here.
Q. Can I return to work if a member of my household has tested positive for COVID-19?
A. SA Health has developed a risk matrix re: close contacts. The matrix will identify high and low risks for close contacts
The document is called Health Care Worker Close Contact or Confirmed COVID-19: Return to Work Guideline
The document will be available on the SA Health website. Once released a link to the document will be added to the Q&A.
Further information about the requirements for close contacts and quarantining can be found in the COVID-19 CDNA National Guidelines for Public Health Units.
If you have any concerns, contact your direct manager to discuss.
Q. What are the current vaccination requirements for health care staff?
A. The current requirements should be accessed at the SA Health website.
The Emergency Management (COVID-19) (Healthcare Setting Workers Vaccination No 5) Direction 2021 has been released and it comes into effect at 12:01 am on 29 January 2022 which revokes the Emergency Management (COVID-19) (Healthcare Setting Workers Vaccination No 4) Direction 2021.
The SA Health webpage also includes some commonly asked questions regarding healthcare setting workers.
Q. When can I get my Booster Vaccination?
A. Vaccinations are available now for anyone over the age of 5 in South Australia.
COVID-19 vaccine booster doses are recommended to maintain immunity against the virus.
All people aged 18 and over who have had their second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine at least four months ago are eligible for a Pfizer or Moderna COVID-19 booster dose.
The eligibility for Booster doses is under continual review so to ensure you are accessing the most up to date information regarding eligibility for Booster doses then further information is available on the SA Health website.
Q. When do I need to do a Rapid Antigen Testing and when do I need a PCR test?
A. Rapid antigen tests (RAT) can now be used to diagnose Covid-19 in South Australia, without the use of a PCR test to confirm the result.
The testing criteria state that if you are deemed a close contact then you can use a RAT for your initial test and then your day 6 test.
If you are a close contact, you can access a kit of two free rapid antigen tests to complete your required test.
You must register before collecting your kits from the RAT Collection Point.
Rapid antigen tests are an alternative to standard PCR testing for close contacts.
RATs can also be purchased and used by individuals prior to entering high-risk settings or to check their Covid status if concerned.
It is a legal requirement that all positive RAT results are reported to SA Health, this can be done online or via the SA COVID-19 Information line on 1800 253 787.
A PCR test should be used if you develop any symptoms of Covid and have not been deemed a close contact or if you have symptoms but have tested negative on a rapid antigen test.
You can be directed to get a PCR by SA Health or SA Police.
The requirements around testing are reviewed frequently by SA Health and might change so we recommend accessing the most up-to-date information via this link.
Q. I work within an Aged Care facility, but I am confused about the requirements for testing and clearance to return to work – when do I need to complete tests?
A. The Office for Ageing Well within SA Health have developed a fact sheet for Residential Aged Care facilities - Residential Aged Care Facilities Interim guidance for the management of COVID-19 outbreaks, which will be available to download on their website. The fact sheet states:
Return to work for staff who have been deemed a 'close contact' following exposure to COVID-19 in the community Where the RACF is experiencing workforce shortages, the following testing/quarantine regime can be followed to enable a staff member who has been deemed a 'close contact' to return to work:
If the staff member's initial PCR is negative, the staff member may return to work in full PPE. They must still quarantine at all other times when not at work, in line with SA Health directions.
The staff member must get a COVID-19 PCR test on day 6 after exposure (a negative day 6 PCR test is required to be released from quarantine).
The staff member must submit to daily RAT prior to commencing work in a RACF for 14 days after exposure.
Staff returning to work under these circumstances must wear appropriate PPE at all times when at work and should take breaks outside and away from others.
Due to the high volume of requests and limited resources to conduct regular, frequent domiciliary PCR testing in RACF, rapid antigen testing (RAT) may be used in place of PCR tests.
The Australian Government Department of Health have also created interim guidance on managing the workforce in regard to Covid-19 in aged care and this can be accessed here.
Q. I work in a medi hotel and have been told that I will now be an employee of the Department for Health and Wellbeing. Will I still be able to continue my salary sacrifice deductions?
A. As the Department of Health and Wellbeing (DHW) aligns to the Public Services Act, currently you will not be able to continue with deductions.
ANMF(SA) have and will continue to advocate for this change to prevent any impacts on staff that choose to work in this service.
Regular discussions have occurred with SA Health on this matter and hopefully, a solution will be in place soon to enable staff to continue to access salary sacrifice.
Q. Am I able to wear my uniform home or to the shops?
A. The ANMF (SA Branch) continues to remind health care workers not to wear their uniform home.
Staff should wear a clean uniform/ scrub daily, and if possible, wear other clothing to work and change before leaving work.
Any scrubs that are provided by your site should not be taken home to wash and should be returned to the laundry system.
Domestic laundering can be effective in decontaminating SARS-CoV-2 from uniforms where workplace laundering is not possible.
For Uniforms and personally owned scrubs, they should be placed in a plastic bag to take home and should be washed separately as soon as you get home. Prior to washing, do not shake clothing.
General laundering should involve a hot wash with laundry detergent at 40°C-60°C, followed by a tumble-dry and ironing routine.
Ultraviolet radiation from natural sunlight in the outdoor environment has demonstrated significant virucidal qualities, particularly for enveloped viruses.
Wear fresh, clean uniform to each shift — Adhere to additional employer guidelines for uniform laundering.
Please find further information here.
The ANMF (SA Branch) website contains information, advice and guidance to assist ANMF (SA Branch) members and inform a broad audience of users. While every effort is made to ensure the site provides accurate and expert information and guidance, the ANMF (SA Branch) and the website owners and administrators shall not be liable to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information stored on this website. The ANMF (SA Branch) is not responsible for the content of any linked external website. Links should not be taken as an endorsement of any kind and no liability is accepted in respect to the content of such sites. Although we aim to maintain external links to other websites, the ANMF (SA Branch) cannot guarantee that these links will work and has no control over the availability or reliability of linked pages.


DO-254 & DO-178B safety certification for manned and unmanned aerial vehicles can be a costly and time consuming undertaking, especially if the process is new to your organization. Working with a vendor that can provide Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) modules and systems that are designed for safety certification can significantly reduce your program's cost, development time, and overall certification risk.
Curtiss-Wright Defense Solutions has extensive experience and decades of proven success in providing hardware and software developed with safety certification artifacts for RTCA DO-254 and DO-178 levels A, B, C and D. Our range of solutions covers process-intensive civil and military embedded systems, highly configurable mission computers, data acquisition systems, data concentrators, air data computers and flight data recorders. We have the expertise to help you save time getting your systems certified.
An alternative to more costly custom designs, Curtiss-Wright's Safety-Certifiable COTS Graphics, I/O and Single Board Computer modules reduce the cost and development risk for designers of systems with DO-254 and DO-178B safety certification requirements by providing the design artifact packages required to support successful safety certification. With these artifact packages in hand, system designers can focus on developing critical aviation applications for manned or unmanned aircraft systems, ultimately reducing overall development time.
Curtiss-Wright's COTS modules designed for safety certification can be modified to meet your unique hardware and software requirements, and Curtiss-Wright can provide the appropriate planning and design documents to support your certification effort.


text:
Bobby VEE - The Night Has A Thousand Eyes - The Albums 1961-1962
Following on from our previous volume of Bobby Vee's original albums ('Take Good Care Of My Baby - His First Four Albums and all the hits 1960-1961 - JASCD 187). We ended the first volume with his big hit 'Take Good Care Of My Baby' and both sides of his follow-up 'Run To Him'/'Walking With My Angel' and all three of these were included in his next long player which is where we kick off this time.
Features the album 'Bobby Vee Meets The Crickets' which climbed to No. 2 in the UK charts and was probably the biggest release of his career and one of the biggest pre-Beatles pop rock LPs.
We end this superb collection with some bonus singles, many of which recorded at Abbey Road studios and were only released in the UK.
See also JASCD 187.
TAKE GOOD CARE OF MY BABY (1961)
1. TAKE GOOD CARE OF MY BABY
2. WILL YOU LOVE ME TOMORROW
3. REMEMBER ME HUH
4. HE WILL BREAK YOUR HEART
5. WHO AM I
6. RUN TO HIM
7. WALKIN' WITH MY ANGEL
8. RAINING IN MY HEART
9. GO ON
10. LITTLE FLAME
11. SO YOU'RE IN LOVE
12. HARK IS THAT A CANNON I HEAR
BOBBY VEE MEETS THE CRICKETS (1962)
13. PEGGY SUE
14. BO DIDDLEY
15. SOMEDAY (When I'm Gone From You)
16. WELL ALRIGHT
17. I GOTTA KNOW
18. LOOKIN' FOR LOVE
19. SWEET LITTLE SIXTEEN
20. WHEN YOU'RE IN LOVE
21. LUCILLE
22. THE GIRL OF MY BEST FRIEND
23. LITTLE QUEENIE
24. THE GIRL CAN'T HELP IT
A BOBBY VEE RECORDING SESSION (1962)
1. WHAT'S YOUR NAME
2. MY GOLDEN CHANCE
3. YOU BETTER MOVE ON
4. PLEASE DON'T ASK ABOUT BARBARA
5. FORGET ME NOT
6. SHARING YOU
7. IN MY BABY'S EYES
8. TENDERLY YOURS
9. I CAN'T SAY GOODBYE
10. TEARDROPS FALL LIKE RAIN
11. GUESS WHO
12. A FOREVER KIND OF LOVE (US version)
BOBBY VEE'S GOLDEN GREATS (1962)
13. PUNISH HER
14. STAYIN' IN
15. HOW MANY TEARS
16. ONE LAST KISS
BONUS SINGLES
17. A NOT SO MERRY CHRISTMAS
18. CHRISTMAS VACATION
19. THE NIGHT HAS A THOUSAND EYES
20. ANONYMOUS PHONE CALL
21. A FOREVER KIND OF LOVE (UK Release)
22. ALL YOU'VE GOT TO DO IS TOUCH ME
23. AT A TIME LIKE THIS
Price Code B
Format 2CD
Product Code: JASCD 766


text:
The mission of the Benzie County Central School community is to provide a safe learning environment that motivates all students to reach their highest potential by providing the necessary skills to become life long learners and leaders in a changing society.
We believe each child can learn and achieve to their highest potential
We believe the school must be a positive, safe, and comfortable learning environment
We believe the school must inspire self-confidence, self-motivation, and self-discipline in all students
We believe a child's education is positively influenced by parental and community involvement
We believe our students will become responsible community members
Amiee Erfourth
Welcome Superintendent Erfourth!
Amiee Erfourth has served Benzie Central Schools for the last 20 years. She began her career as a first grade teacher at Betsie Valley Elementary and worked in that position for 14 years. The last 6 years have been spent as principal of Betsie Valley Elementary. Amiee received her Bachelor's of Science degree in elementary education from Central Michigan University and completed her Master's of Arts degree in Administration from Central Michigan as well.
Amiee and her husband, Dan, have 3 children. Their oldest son, Evan, just started his first year at Michigan Technological University. Their son, Aidan, is in middle school at Benzie Central and their daughter, Ava, is a 4th grader at Betsie Valley Elementary.
Mrs. Erfourth is excited take the lead the Benzie County Central School District. Go Huskies!
Contact Mrs. Erfourth
erfourtha@benzieschools.net
Catina M. Crossman
Executive Assistant to the Superintendent
Board of Education Administrative Assistant
Talent Management Administrative Assistant
Pupil Accounting Specialist
Data Management | State Reporting
Benzie Central Alumni Committee
Catina Crossman grew up in Benzie County and is a former 1992 graduate of Benzie Central High School. Catina graduated from Central Michigan University in 1996 with a Bachelor's degree in Science; double majoring in Sociology and Criminal Justice and minoring in Women's Studies/Social Work. In her spare time, Catina enjoys reading, writing, kayaking, boating, and volunteering.
Catina married Todd Crossman in 1996, also a former Benzie Central graduate, and together they reside in Honor. They have two children, Allison (a 2020 Pandemic graduate of the University of North Carolina Greensboro) and Joseph, (a now Junior at Northwestern Michigan College). Together, they are local business owners.
Within the district, Catina has been a substitute teacher, the middle school administrative assistant, and is now pleased to be a part of the administration.
There is only one way to go, and it has always been the red and white!
GO HUSKIES!
Michele Murray
Michele became our Director of Finance in August of 2016. She brings experience in school finance and accounting through recent work in both the TBAISD and the Traverse City Area Public Schools. In addition, Michele also has classroom experience as a secondary French teacher in the State of Illinois. She holds a degree in accounting from Ferris State University as well as a Bachelor's degree in French and Psychology from Illinois College. She resides in Traverse City with her husband.
Email Catina
crossmanc@benzieschools.net
Contact Catina
Contact Mrs. Murray
murraym@benzieschools.net
Danielle Banasiak
Accounts Payable | Employee Benefits Clerk
banasiakd@benzieschools.net
Shelley Jablon
Contact Shelley
jablons@benzieschools.net


text:
Q: What is the proper way to use JADE, attribute "placeholder" and an input field? I'm building a form with the jade engine in a node.js environment and started to think of the best practice (AKA less code) to combine the "placeholder" and "value" attribute in an input element.
form(action="/add" method="POST")
    input(placeholder="Your name" name="username" value="#{username}")
    input(placeholder="Your title" name="title"  value="#{title}")

However, sometimes #{username} will be populated and sometimes it will not. If it's not populated it will be substituted to "undefined" by jade and my "placeholder" attribute never kicks in.
So, is there a setting to jade so all undefined variables is returning an empty string or a similar solution?
Imagine that the form has about 10-15 fields and I hope that I din't have to create a conditional check on each input element.

A: input(placeholder="Your name" name="username" value=username)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: shell script to run cucumber files I have around 50 feature files and I want the tester team to run them. I don't want them to run all the files at once and also don't want them to get in the prerequisites for running cucumber ie..bundle install ...rake db:migrate...service postgresql start...... etc
I want to make a shellscript file so that they can execute it, select the option which file to run (all or other individual file) and then the script would execute the prerequisites and execute the file and output the log to specified folder. I want to make a sh file.

A: Of course I don't know your development environment or exactly what commands you need to execute to get your tests running, but here's a sample shell script:
#!/bin/sh

bundle install
rake db:migrate
rake db:test:prepare
rake cucumber "$@"

Execute the script like this:
./script_name.sh

With arguments:
./script_name.sh features/registration.feature

The "$@" part will pass any arguments like features/registration.feature to rake cucumber.