At the end of the fiscal period, accountants prepare the closing entries. This article provides an overview of the closing process.
The figures below come from the financial statements from our series on the fictional startup, TechnolOntario, Inc. However, you don't need to refer back to the whole series to follow the closing process.
The T-accounts below show the economic activity for the company over the past fiscal year.
Recall that to prepare the closing entries, accountants must reset the figures in the temporary accounts (that is, the revenue, expense and dividend accounts) to zero, and transfer the balances to the statement of retained earnings. To do so, they debit the revenue accounts for the same amount of revenue earned during the period, and credit the expense accounts for the same amount of expense incurred. The difference in the dollar amount between the total revenue and the total expenses (which is the net income) is sent to the retained earnings account, either as a debit or a credit depending on whether the net income was a loss or a profit. Although the dividend accounts are not shown below, they would also be reset to zero, through either adding an equal debit or credit as needed, and the dollar amount would be transferred to the retained earnings account.
Looking at the T-accounts shown above, you can see the debits and credits that were issued in the closing process in order to reset the temporary accounts to zero. The highlighted figures illustrate the balances that go to the year-end financial statement.
Pratt, Jamie. (2003). Financial Accounting in an Economic Context. New York: John Wiley& Sons.


Would you fall for this phishing email?
I'll highlight some of the more obvious signs this is a scam, just for the hell of it.
We have recently confirmed that your gmail.com, yahoomail.com, aol.com, yahoomail.ca hotmail.com and all the mail account box has exceeded the limit of 30 GB, which is as set by your manager and your are currently at 30.9GB. Different computers have logged into your mailbox account and multiple password errors have been entered. We are hereby suspending your account; as it has been used for fraudulent purposes. Now we need you to reconfirm your account information to us. Click your reply tab, fill in the columns below and send it back to us or your email account will be suspended permanently and you will not be able to create new e-mail to send or receive again until your reconfirm your account information.
Create an archive – Set up a folder on your PC's hard drive where you can save large attachments. Then just delete them from your inbox. You'll still have them and your in-box will be that much smaller.
THIS is why we tell people not to pay the scammer.
How long do you think this would have gone on for?
I have first settled to pay 1500 dollars, after that, scammer said that is only the video on youtube and he promised to send him more money he will delete everything. another 800 dollars sent. Then, he asked for more after that.
My name is Steve Austine, The head of Anti Crime Unit at Economic And Financial Crime Commission.(EFCC). We have 3 criminals here in our custody, and after all investigation and the confessions of the 3 internet criminals, We find out that you are one of the victim. We got your email from them and they told us how they scammed you and collected money from you. The Federal Government has already froze all their Bank Account that contain Millions of dollars.In order to pay back the money to the victims.
We have instructed to find out from the all victims and pay back what is rightfully belongs to them. All you need to do right now is to get back to us, And give us any proof that they truly collected money from you. I am giving you 100% hope that you will recover back all they stole from you. It does not matter where they contact you from or the name they called for you, All is criminal tricks.
I have Attached here with the copy of my ID card, For you to know whom you are dealing with. It will be good for you if you can get back to us and with any proof that you are truly a victim. The Government is doing everything possible to wipe away all the bad seed from this country. And with your help we will find the rest of them and track them down too. Thank You for your cooperation.
THE HEAD OF ANTI CRIME UNIT.
This is one that's slowly rearing its ugly head. It begins in a very similar way to the standard sextortion scam, but they don't use the video as the threat. The person is contacted a short time later by someone claiming to be the female's father. At this point, they claim that she's a minor and money demands are made. We've seen reasons include counselling and to have a police report dropped. We've not seen enough cases to come up with steps to deal with this, so for now we're advising people to follow the same steps as with a standard sextortion scam. The only difference would be to double the time spent away from social media sites to at least a month. As we get more reports, we can offer more tailored advice.
This morning we hit our 6000th blackmail form. This doesn't include people who posted their scammer's details themselves, emailed us with details or gave them to us in our live help room. A while ago I posted the fact we'd had 4000 forms in our third year. Looking at the numbers for the 6 weeks since then, and making a rough estimate based on those numbers (assuming they stay the same and don't rise like they have in the past 3 years), we're looking at over 5000 forms for the 4th year. Those really are scary numbers.
So I've been working on our presentation for iDate in London later this month about sextortion. It is of course a great opportunity to talk to the dating site industry and get our name out there, but I've hit a snag. Last year, we spoke about romance scammers. We were able to show them the things they need to look out for. There were example pictures and even sentences to look out for. This year however, we're stuck on what to show for this. The problem is that there is no typical sextortion scammer profile. We can show a few photos that are likely scammers, but that's it. Luckily there's a whole bunch of other stuff to talk about, or we'd be stuck with a 5 minute presentation instead of a half hour.


Bengaluru, Feb 13 (PTI) Four disgruntled Congress MLAs, who had gone missing for several weeks amid political turmoil in Karnataka, surfaced here Wednesday two days after the party recommended their disqualification to the state assembly Speaker.
The lawmakers had kept the party on tenterhooks for several weeks, defying its whip twice to attend the Congress Legislative Party (CLP) meetings on January 18 and February 8 and had been skipping the ongoing assembly Budget Session since February 6.
Ramesh Jarkiholi, Umesh Jadhav, B Nagendra and Mahesh Kumathali, who were reported to be in touch with the BJP,which has been accused of trying to poach the MLAs to bring down the JDS-Congress government, also attended the assembly session Wednesday, giving some relief to the ruling coalition.
The MLAs were upset ever since the cabinet reshuffle and expansion on December 22 that saw removal of Jarkiholi.
Jarkiholi denied that he indulged in anti-party activities or even challenged the party high command.
"There is no denying the fact that I was upset, but I neither indulged in anti-party activities nor challenged our party high command. I was in Mumbai for my daughter's marriage that is to take place on February 24. I was meeting my relatives and in the evening I will be going to Mumbai again," Jarkiholi said.
Asked for his response to CLP leader Siddaramaiah's petition to the Speaker to disqualify him, he said they were free to do so.
"Let's see. I had told you before too that I am always ready to resign. If they want to disqualify me, let them do it. I am all alone," Jarkiholi said.
To a question whether he had been in touch with the BJP leaders when he went incommunicado for one-and-half months, he said the BJP leaders were not his enemies, but friends and his differences were restricted only to their ideology.
"I have many friends in the BJP. We politicians are not enemies, but friends. Our differences are limited to party ideologies. On other issues, we are all friends. Me and Umesh Katti (BJP MLA) will go together (to Mumbai) in the evening," Jarkiholi said.
The disgruntled Congress MLA said he has come to attend the assembly session and discuss the problems facing them.
He added that he would speak to the party high command and take further steps.
Nagendra too agreed with Jarkiholi that they were upset.
"All the four of us are together. It is quite natural that we were upset," Nagendra told reporters.
Jadhav said he did not come here "out of fear", but to ensure that the finance bill was passed.
"It is my duty to get the budget passed. Hence, I came here," Jadhav said.
The Congress had petitioned Assembly Speaker K R Ramesh Kumar on Monday, seeking action against the four MLAs after warning them to mend their ways and fall in line.
The four lawmakers skipped the CLP meeting on January 18,which was meant to be a show of strength in the backdrop of BJP's alleged bid to topple the coalition government, and another CLP meet Friday last, despite a whip.
The MLAs were earlier given notices, seeking an explanation for their conduct.
Another Congress MLA J N Ganesh, who was reportedly on the BJP's radar for desertion, is absconding ever since he allegedly assaulted fellow lawmaker Anand Singh during a brawl at a resort recently.


Perspectives of Education and Contemporary Social Issues, School Organization and Classroom Management, Educational psychology, Guidance and Counselling, Evaluation techniques, Curriculum and Instruction, Functional English, Islamiyat, Method of Teaching Physical Sciences, Method of teaching of Biological Sciences, Foundation of Education.
Environmental Biology, Zoogeography, Eco-zoology, Paleontology, Evolution, Genetics, Bio-statistics, Taxonomy, Animal Behavior, Developmental Biology, Cell Biology, Physiology, Biochemistry, Medical Microbiology, Biotechnology, Fisheries A, Fisheries B.
Department of Education, University of Wah, Wah Cantt.
? Recruits, instructs, and coordinates research subjects and/or volunteers, as appropriate to specific study objectives and work scope.


When the day ends and your body aches, few things feel better than a relaxing, warm bath. And at the end of that bath, the luxurious soft cotton of a body-size Turkish bath towel is like a gift. The Farmhouse Essentials Box brings the luxury of a spa to your very own bath. Two bodies sized and two hands sized Turkish towels, all handwoven in Turkey, are supported by two handmade, wooden floating shelves. This kind of elegance is rare indeed. This box comes with free shipping and all the love we can muster.


A ventral hernia is a defect (opening) in in the abdominal wall. This often occurs at the umbilicus (belly button) or at previous surgery sites where an open incision was made. The abdominal muscles have weakened resulting in an opening or a tear. These get bigger over time and do not go away. The inner lining of the abdomen pushes through the defect along with any abdominal contents such as bowel (intestine). The contents can get stuck causing pain and eventually ischemia and death (gangrene). Ventral hernias, therefore, should be fixed before this occurs.
Not everybody with a bulge in their abdomen has a hernia, however. Some people just have a weakness in their abdominal wall, but it is intact without a hole (defect). This is known as a rectus diastasis. This is usually located between the rib cage and the umbilicus. Since their is not defect, nothing can get stuck. These do not need to be fixed. Their are some unethical surgeons and even "hernia centers" that will tell patients that they need to be fixed although this is not true. It is important to be evaluated by an experience, ethical physician to determine the difference.
An incision in the abdominal wall from a traditional open surgery can frequently lead to a hernia. Heavy straining, aging, or injury can also lead to a hernia.
Although some benefits over the open repair may include faster return of bowel function and decreased hospital stay, the biggest benefit of laparoscopic ventral hernia is reduced infection rate. Ventral hernias have higher infection rates that inguinal hernias. This is even more so in patients with tobacco use, steroid use, and diabetes. Wound infections can be devastating and may require explantation (removal) of the mesh.
I usually make 3 tiny incisions, 5 mm each, for the camera and instruments. If the defect if very big and a larger mesh is require, then 1 of the 3 incisions is 11-12 mm to put the mesh through. The mesh is placed in the abdomen and fixed to the abdominal wall with absorbable tacks and sometimes sutures. There are many meshes available, but I prefer a certain, light-weight mesh with a special coating on it to protect it from the bowel. Complications from the surgery are very infrequent but may include bleeding, infection, and bowel injury. If an injury to bowel occurs, then the mesh could get infected. It is therefore important to have a skilled laparoscopic surgeon performing the procedure especially when adhesions are present from previous surgery (incision hernias).


Those are Zebrina Hollyhocks, which are actually mallows. Your garden looks wonderful, especially since it's so dry.
oooh, maybe I'll see if I can save seeds!
I have the rain barrels and the soaker hoses to thank for the garden being in the shape its in. Without them I'd have been trying to run the sprinkler constantly and likely failing!
They will self sow, and you can indeed save seeds. They are really easy. We are going nuts trying to water and now the kids are out setting up a trough for the tree cows, even though there are two ponds and a stream, plus a little water hole Ralph dug, out in their pasture.
65 mySQL queries in 0.492 seconds.


text:
| Updated on October 10, 2018 Published on October 10, 2018
While global warming poses a humongous challenge, there are signs of hope
Global warming has once again assumed centrestage, with two recent developments. The IPCC has set the tone for going beyond the agenda of the December 2015 Paris Agreement, by warning that world temperatures are set to increase by 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels in just 12 years from now. According to the report, unless the world acts really quickly to reduce emissions and curtail temperature raises — faster than the voluntary targets or 'nationally determined contributions' agreed by 195 countries — it could cross an irreversible tipping point after which the effects of global warming could become exceedingly serious. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction has observed that the economic cost of climate-related disasters touched $2.25 trillion over the last two decades, a 250 per cent rise over the previous 20 years.
If the IPCC has sought to take on climate change deniers such as Donald Trump, so has the Nobel Committee by awarding its economics prize to William Nordhaus and Paul Romer. Nordhaus' work in particular deals with the interactions between climate and nature, being the "first person" to create an inter-disciplinary model that describes the interplay between the economy and climate. It can be used to "examine the consequences of climate policy interventions, for example carbon taxes". On Romer's work, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has said that his 'endogenous growth theory' "explains how ideas are different to other goods and require specific conditions to thrive in a market". Their contributions are meant to provide "fundamental insights into the causes and consequences of technological innovation and climate change". However, critics argue that their work does not take on the resource-driven growth process per se, the way the Club of Rome's Limits to Growth thesis as well as EF Schumacher's seminal Small is Beautiful did in the early '70s. Be that as it may, the Nobel awards as well as the IPCC report will act as a strong influence in deliberations at the UN climate change conference to be held in Poland this December. The role of technological innovation in reducing emissions and the need to transfer these to developing countries has been a major sticking point in earlier climate talks. The Green Climate Fund needs generous infusions from the rich countries. At the Poland meet, the US and Canada are likely to come under pressure for persisting with the exploitation of fossil-fuel-based resources. Emission reductions depend hugely on the shift to renewables. India's non-fossil-based power capacity is expected to touch 40 per cent (but that includes hydel, which destroys carbon sinks) by the end of 2018.
While the onus must lie on the rich countries to cut energy use, it must not be forgotten that India's low per capita energy consumption (and emission) figures mask inequalities in energy access. Energy tariff reforms are called for. Another area that deserves policy attention is the role of green buildings in reducing energy consumption. In sum, it can no longer be business as usual.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Diplomacy International News Report
New peace initiative promoted by Spain, Italy and France
Spain will sponsor a new Middle East peace initiative along with France
and Italy, the Spanish prime minister said Thursday, stressing that the
international community cannot remain idle as violence rages between
Israel and the Palestinians.
Zapatero announced the initiative during a summit with the French President Jacques Chirac of France.
"Peace between Israel and the Palestinians means to a large extent peace on the international scene," Zapatero told a news conference.
"We cannot remain impassive in the face of the horror that continues to unfold before our eyes," Zapatero said.
There are hopes in Europe for a greater voice in world affairs, particularly after midterm US elections in which voters punished President George W. Bush and gave control of Congress to the Democrats.
Many on this side of the Atlantic hope the results will usher in a more humble US foreign policy, in which Washington seeks the advice and input of its European allies, rather than dictating policy to them.
There was no immediate reaction from Israel, the Palestinians or Washington to Thursday's announcement.
Zapatero cited the Israeli shell blast that killed 19 people last week in a Palestinian village and the death this week of an Israeli woman in a Palestinian rocket attack.
The violence, he said, "has reached a level of deterioration that requires determined, urgent action by the international community."
The peace plan will be presented to an EU summit next month, Zapatero said, adding he hopes to win the backing of Britain and Germany as well.
He said it had five components: an immediate cease-fire, formation of a national unity government by the Palestinians that can gain international recognition, an exchange of prisoners – including the IDF soldiers whose kidnapping sparked the war in Lebanon and fighting in Gaza this summer – talks between Israel's prime minister and the Palestinian Authority Chairman and an international mission in Gaza to monitor a cease-fire.
Eventually, a major international conference on Middle East peace should be held, he added, but did not specify if such a meeting should take place in Spain.
Spain hosted a landmark peace conference in 1991 that laid the groundwork for the Oslo accords, which in turn led to the creation of the Palestinian Authority.
Middle East peace, Zapatero said, "is one of the factors that can contribute most to cornering fanaticism and terrorism."
Europe's efforts to help broker a peace deal have hit some speed bumps recently, and the continent could face problems this time as well. Many in Israel view European leaders as pro-Palestinian and are wary of their motives.
Last month, Spanish Foreign Minister Miguel Angel Moratinos, a leading European voice on the Middle East, said that the "road map" plan for peace between Israel and the Palestinians was fatally stalled and that Europe should take the initiative to come up with a new plan.
Israeli and Palestinian officials were quick to reject his comments as overly pessimistic. Both sides insisted that the road map was not dead, just in serious need of a mechanism for implementation.
The US-backed road map, devised in 2003, called for the creation of a sovereign Palestinian state alongside Israel, but it never got off the ground because neither side lived up to even their initial commitments under the blueprint.
Abbas: "The United States assured me embargo will be lifted if Unity Government formed"
Israel to compensate 11 of 13 Arab residents killed in October 2000
By IMEMC & Agencies


text:
Anthologica Universe Atlas / Universes / H13 Plays Tabletops / Inggiric / Old Inggirian / Verbal Morphology
The inflectional verbal morphology of Old Inggirian divides itself, albeit not neatly, into three sets of forms: bound forms, nominal forms and finite forms. Finite forms are those forms that carry personal marking, and nominal forms are those which may head the body of a relative clause. The finite forms, apart from being the only ones to carry personal marking, may only appear at the end of a sentence or clause. The nominal forms, although frequently employed, especially in later texts, as medial verb forms to the (progressively rarer) finite forms ending a sentence, all have nominal or adnominal functions to some degree. The remaining forms all essentially act as adverbs, and thus are called bound forms.
The Finite Forms
The finite forms essentially occupy a 2x2 matrix:
Irrealis
No f. reference
-∅ -ki
Fixed reference
-ne -sin
The precise meaning of these categories, although convenient for analysis, requires explanation.
The Aorist
The aorist is the unmarked form. Its semantic value is simply the assertion of some state or action. Pragmatically, what this means depends on the inherent aspect of the verb: with perfective verbs, this means a past occurrence, whereas with imperfective verbs, it is most often a future or present interpretation. The aorist can be used where the use of the "present" -ne is rendered superfluous by context, but this is rarely done. It has no aspectual interpretation.
The Subjunctive
The subjunctive, similar to the aorist, has no fixed temporal reference, but simply indicates full or partial non-assertion. Its use is therefore very wide. It occurs in complement phrases, especially to verbs of quotation or fearing. It can indicate that the speaker is unsure, for instance because he has inferred the information being communicated. Finally, it can indicate a state of potentiality.
The Present (which is quite misleadingly named) is an asserted form that carries fixed reference to some point of time. When context does not specify a time period, the default interpretation is essentially the inverse of the Aorist: present/near future for perfective verbs, and past for imperfective ones. However, it is grammatical also to use this form in any other time context. In these situations, its use over the aorist is usually conditioned by the presence of a subclause that refers to a different time.
The Conditional
The conditional is the non-asserted counterpart to the present, and derives its name from the unusual counterfactual construction of Old Inggirian, in which the protasis is a finite verb in the conditional and the apodosis a nominalization in the infinitive. On its own it may fulfill similar functions as the subjunctive, but with a marked time reference (such as a sort of potential-in-the-past).
The Personal Desinences
Old Inggirian has a very pedestrian set of finite personal endings, distinguishing three persons and two numbers. A specialty is that there are two different sets of endings for positive and negative verbs.
-(e)wa -(e)gawa
-(e)jig -(e)gajag
-(e)g̃ -(e)seg̃
-(g̃)awi -(g̃)agawi
-(g̃)aji -(g̃)ajawi
-(g̃)a -(g̃)ajida
The Nominal Forms
The nominal forms, in the earliest texts, are still largely limited to functioning as nouns. They begin to take over as a sort of loosely bound converb or even medial verb in later texts.
The Infinitive
The most basic nominal form during the Old Inggirian stage, the infinitive ends in -yuku for stems with an even number of feet and in -ku for stems with an odd number of feet. The infinitive is an abstract noun in the earliest texts, and later becomes the participial version of the aorist: yorwayuku, "to see", "seeing", "the one who sees".
The Participle
The participle, much like the infinitive, has two metric allomorphs: -nagun and -gun. It acts as a nominal variant of the present: yorwanagun, "the one who saw".
The Perfect
This form, with the metric allomorphs -basu and -cu, acts in all respects like -(yu)ku, except that it can attach only to perfective verbs. Here it takes over the function of a past participle, leaving -(yu)ku to take on a specifically abstract meaning or take on nominal function for imperfective interpretations of the same verb. For example, raku "to die" has the perfective nominalization rakubasu, "who is dead/died" and the imperfective rakuyuku, "to die; who is dying". The form rakunagun, meanwhile, refers to someone who is about to die, or who lay dying in the past.
The Bound Forms
The bound forms essentially act as converbs; they are adverbial modifiers to other clauses. It is worth noting that, while for purposes of illustration these are often translated with the English converb -ing, the tight temporal binding they express is most often rendered in English with "and".
The sequential converb
This morpheme, invariantly -tol, expresses that an action was completed immediately prior to the modified clause. Rodmo dagi cagujaku woldatol betelwag̃ samyobag̃o galpadeg̃: "He caught on a stone and fell on the ground", literally "having become caught on a stone, he fell on the ground".
The simultaneous converb
Metric variants -g̃apa and -pa. Expresses the simultaneous occurrence of the action and the modified clause. Nacaleag̃o-g̃i cobug̃apa buk gir jamo g̃endagay wedawa, "walking around in my garden I suddenly saw a small squirrel".
The causal converb
This converb takes the forms -tolpa and -tolg̃apa. It is a straightforward combination of the two basic converbs, and expresses causality. Rodmo dagi cagujaku woldatolpa betelwag̃ samyobag̃o galpadeg̃: "Because he caught on a stone, he fell to the ground".
" + outs; em.className = "toc"; div.parentNode.insertBefore(em, div); }
return to Old Inggirian
It's not a superacid! ... It's the Robin Hood of hydrogen distribution.


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text:
"""Tests for slim.learning."""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import os

import numpy as np
from numpy import testing as np_testing
import tensorflow as tf

slim = tf.contrib.slim

class ClipGradientNormsTest(tf.test.TestCase):

  def clip_values(self, arr):
    norm = np.sqrt(np.sum(arr**2))
    if norm > self._max_norm:
      return self._max_norm * arr / np.sqrt(np.sum(arr**2))
    return arr

  def setUp(self):
    np.random.seed(0)

    self._max_norm = 1.0
    self._grad_vec = np.array([1., 2., 3.])
    self._clipped_grad_vec = self.clip_values(self._grad_vec)
    self._zero_vec = np.zeros(self._grad_vec.size)

  def testOrdinaryGradIsClippedCorrectly(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(self._zero_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    gradients_to_variables = (gradient, variable)
    [gradients_to_variables] = slim.learning.clip_gradient_norms(
        [gradients_to_variables], self._max_norm)

    # Ensure the variable passed through.
    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[1], variable)

    with self.test_session() as sess:
      actual_gradient = sess.run(gradients_to_variables[0])
    np_testing.assert_almost_equal(actual_gradient, self._clipped_grad_vec)

  def testNoneGradPassesThroughCorrectly(self):
    gradient = None
    variable = tf.Variable(self._zero_vec, dtype=tf.float32)

    gradients_to_variables = (gradient, variable)
    [gradients_to_variables] = slim.learning.clip_gradient_norms(
        [gradients_to_variables], self._max_norm)

    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[0], None)
    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[1], variable)

  def testIndexedSlicesGradIsClippedCorrectly(self):
    sparse_grad_indices = np.array([0, 1, 4])
    sparse_grad_dense_shape = [self._grad_vec.size]

    values = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    indices = tf.constant(sparse_grad_indices, dtype=tf.int32)
    dense_shape = tf.constant(sparse_grad_dense_shape, dtype=tf.int32)

    gradient = tf.IndexedSlices(values, indices, dense_shape)
    variable = tf.Variable(self._zero_vec, dtype=tf.float32)

    gradients_to_variables = (gradient, variable)
    gradients_to_variables = slim.learning.clip_gradient_norms(
        [gradients_to_variables], self._max_norm)[0]

    # Ensure the built IndexedSlice has the right form.
    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[1], variable)
    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[0].indices, indices)
    self.assertEqual(gradients_to_variables[0].dense_shape, dense_shape)

    with tf.Session() as sess:
      actual_gradient = sess.run(gradients_to_variables[0].values)
    np_testing.assert_almost_equal(actual_gradient, self._clipped_grad_vec)

class MultiplyGradientsTest(tf.test.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    np.random.seed(0)
    self._multiplier = 3.7
    self._grad_vec = np.array([1., 2., 3.])
    self._multiplied_grad_vec = np.multiply(self._grad_vec, self._multiplier)

  def testNonListGradsRaisesError(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros_like(gradient))
    grad_to_var = (gradient, variable)
    gradient_multipliers = {variable: self._multiplier}
    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
      slim.learning.multiply_gradients(grad_to_var, gradient_multipliers)

  def testEmptyMultiplesRaisesError(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros_like(gradient))
    grad_to_var = (gradient, variable)
    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
      slim.learning.multiply_gradients([grad_to_var], {})

  def testNonDictMultiplierRaisesError(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros_like(gradient))
    grad_to_var = (gradient, variable)
    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
      slim.learning.multiply_gradients([grad_to_var], 3)

  def testMultipleOfNoneGradRaisesError(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros_like(gradient))
    grad_to_var = (None, variable)
    gradient_multipliers = {variable: self._multiplier}
    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
      slim.learning.multiply_gradients(grad_to_var, gradient_multipliers)

  def testMultipleGradientsWithVariables(self):
    gradient = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros_like(gradient))
    grad_to_var = (gradient, variable)
    gradient_multipliers = {variable: self._multiplier}

    [grad_to_var] = slim.learning.multiply_gradients(
        [grad_to_var],
        gradient_multipliers)

    # Ensure the variable passed through.
    self.assertEqual(grad_to_var[1], variable)

    with self.test_session() as sess:
      actual_gradient = sess.run(grad_to_var[0])
    np_testing.assert_almost_equal(actual_gradient,
                                   self._multiplied_grad_vec, 5)

  def testIndexedSlicesGradIsMultiplied(self):
    values = tf.constant(self._grad_vec, dtype=tf.float32)
    indices = tf.constant([0, 1, 2], dtype=tf.int32)
    dense_shape = tf.constant([self._grad_vec.size], dtype=tf.int32)

    gradient = tf.IndexedSlices(values, indices, dense_shape)
    variable = tf.Variable(tf.zeros((1, 3)))
    grad_to_var = (gradient, variable)
    gradient_multipliers = {variable: self._multiplier}

    [grad_to_var] = slim.learning.multiply_gradients(
        [grad_to_var],
        gradient_multipliers)

    # Ensure the built IndexedSlice has the right form.
    self.assertEqual(grad_to_var[1], variable)
    self.assertEqual(grad_to_var[0].indices, indices)
    self.assertEqual(grad_to_var[0].dense_shape, dense_shape)

    with self.test_session() as sess:
      actual_gradient = sess.run(grad_to_var[0].values)
    np_testing.assert_almost_equal(actual_gradient,
                                   self._multiplied_grad_vec, 5)

def LogisticClassifier(inputs):
  return slim.fully_connected(
      inputs, 1, activation_fn=tf.sigmoid)

def BatchNormClassifier(inputs):
  inputs = slim.batch_norm(inputs, decay=0.1)
  return slim.fully_connected(inputs, 1, activation_fn=tf.sigmoid)

class TrainBNClassifierTest(tf.test.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    # Create an easy training set:
    np.random.seed(0)

    self._inputs = np.zeros((16, 4))
    self._labels = np.random.randint(0, 2, size=(16, 1)).astype(np.float32)
    self._logdir = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_bnlogs/')

    for i in range(16):
      j = int(2 * self._labels[i] + np.random.randint(0, 2))
      self._inputs[i, j] = 1

  def testTrainWithNoInitAssignCanAchieveZeroLoss(self):
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
      tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

      tf_predictions = BatchNormClassifier(tf_inputs)
      slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
      total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()

      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss, optimizer)

      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, self._logdir, number_of_steps=300, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertLess(loss, .1)

class CreateTrainOpTest(tf.test.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    # Create an easy training set:
    np.random.seed(0)
    self._inputs = np.random.rand(16, 4).astype(np.float32)
    self._labels = np.random.randint(0, 2, size=(16, 1)).astype(np.float32)

  def testUseUpdateOps(self):
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
      tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

      expected_mean = np.mean(self._inputs, axis=(0))
      expected_var = np.var(self._inputs, axis=(0))

      tf_predictions = BatchNormClassifier(tf_inputs)
      slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
      total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(total_loss, optimizer)

      moving_mean = tf.contrib.framework.get_variables_by_name('moving_mean')[0]
      moving_variance = tf.contrib.framework.get_variables_by_name(
          'moving_variance')[0]

      with tf.Session() as sess:
        # Initialize all variables
        sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
        mean, variance = sess.run([moving_mean, moving_variance])
        # After initialization moving_mean == 0 and moving_variance == 1.
        self.assertAllClose(mean, [0] * 4)
        self.assertAllClose(variance, [1] * 4)

        for _ in range(10):
          sess.run([train_op])
        mean = moving_mean.eval()
        variance = moving_variance.eval()
        # After 10 updates with decay 0.1 moving_mean == expected_mean and
        # moving_variance == expected_var.
        self.assertAllClose(mean, expected_mean)
        self.assertAllClose(variance, expected_var)

  def testEmptyUpdateOps(self):
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
      tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

      tf_predictions = BatchNormClassifier(tf_inputs)
      slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
      total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(total_loss, optimizer,
                                               update_ops=[])

      moving_mean = tf.contrib.framework.get_variables_by_name('moving_mean')[0]
      moving_variance = tf.contrib.framework.get_variables_by_name(
          'moving_variance')[0]

      with tf.Session() as sess:
        # Initialize all variables
        sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
        mean, variance = sess.run([moving_mean, moving_variance])
        # After initialization moving_mean == 0 and moving_variance == 1.
        self.assertAllClose(mean, [0] * 4)
        self.assertAllClose(variance, [1] * 4)

        for _ in range(10):
          sess.run([train_op])
        mean = moving_mean.eval()
        variance = moving_variance.eval()
        # Since we skip update_ops the moving_vars are not updated.
        self.assertAllClose(mean, [0] * 4)
        self.assertAllClose(variance, [1] * 4)

class TrainTest(tf.test.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    # Create an easy training set:
    np.random.seed(0)

    self._inputs = np.zeros((16, 4))
    self._labels = np.random.randint(0, 2, size=(16, 1)).astype(np.float32)
    self._logdir = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs/')

    # To make sure one test doesnt interfere with another:
    if tf.gfile.Exists(self._logdir):
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(self._logdir)

    for i in range(16):
      j = int(2 * self._labels[i] + np.random.randint(0, 2))
      self._inputs[i, j] = 1

  def testTrainWithNoneAsInitWhenUsingVarsRaisesError(self):
    self._logdir = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs_/')
    with tf.Graph().as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
      tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

      tf_predictions = LogisticClassifier(tf_inputs)
      slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
      total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()

      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss, optimizer)

      with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
        slim.learning.train(
            train_op, self._logdir, init_op=None, number_of_steps=300)

  def testTrainWithNoInitAssignCanAchieveZeroLoss(self):
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
      tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

      tf_predictions = LogisticClassifier(tf_inputs)
      slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
      total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()

      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss, optimizer)

      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, self._logdir, number_of_steps=300, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertLess(loss, .015)

  def testResumeTrainAchievesRoughlyTheSameLoss(self):
    number_of_steps = [300, 301, 305]

    for i in range(len(number_of_steps)):
      g = tf.Graph()
      with g.as_default():
        tf.set_random_seed(i)
        tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
        tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

        tf_predictions = LogisticClassifier(tf_inputs)
        slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
        total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()

        optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

        train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
            total_loss, optimizer)

        loss = slim.learning.train(
            train_op, self._logdir, number_of_steps=number_of_steps[i],
            log_every_n_steps=10)
        self.assertLess(loss, .015)

  def create_train_op(self, learning_rate=1.0, gradient_multiplier=1.0):
    tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
    tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

    tf_predictions = LogisticClassifier(tf_inputs)
    slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
    total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()

    optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(
        learning_rate=learning_rate)

    if gradient_multiplier != 1.0:
      variables = tf.trainable_variables()
      gradient_multipliers = {var: gradient_multiplier for var in variables}
    else:
      gradient_multipliers = None

    return slim.learning.create_train_op(
        total_loss, optimizer,
        gradient_multipliers=gradient_multipliers)

  def testTrainWithInitFromCheckpoint(self):
    logdir1 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs1/')
    logdir2 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs2/')
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir1):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir1)
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir2):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir2)

    # First, train the model one step (make sure the error is high).
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=1)
      self.assertGreater(loss, .5)

    # Next, train the model to convergence.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(1)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=300, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertLess(loss, .02)

    # Finally, advance the model a single step and validate that the loss is
    # still low.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(2)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()

      model_variables = tf.all_variables()
      model_path = os.path.join(logdir1, 'model.ckpt-300')

      init_op = tf.initialize_all_variables()
      op, init_feed_dict = slim.assign_from_checkpoint(
          model_path, model_variables)

      def InitAssignFn(sess):
        sess.run(op, init_feed_dict)

      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op,
          logdir2,
          number_of_steps=1,
          init_op=init_op,
          init_fn=InitAssignFn)

      self.assertLess(loss, .02)

  def testTrainWithInitFromFn(self):
    logdir1 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs4/')
    logdir2 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs5/')
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir1):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir1)
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir2):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir2)

    # First, train the model one step (make sure the error is high).
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=1)
      self.assertGreater(loss, .5)

    # Next, train the model to convergence.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(1)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=300, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertLess(loss, .015)

    # Finally, advance the model a single step and validate that the loss is
    # still low.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(2)
      train_op = self.create_train_op()

      model_variables = tf.all_variables()
      model_path = os.path.join(logdir1, 'model.ckpt-300')
      saver = tf.train.Saver(model_variables)
      def RestoreFn(sess):
        saver.restore(sess, model_path)
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op,
          logdir2,
          number_of_steps=1,
          init_fn=RestoreFn)

      self.assertLess(loss, .015)

  def ModelLoss(self):
    tf_inputs = tf.constant(self._inputs, dtype=tf.float32)
    tf_labels = tf.constant(self._labels, dtype=tf.float32)

    tf_predictions = LogisticClassifier(tf_inputs)
    slim.losses.log_loss(tf_predictions, tf_labels)
    return slim.losses.get_total_loss()

  def testTrainAllVarsHasLowerLossThanTrainSubsetOfVars(self):
    logdir1 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs3/')
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir1):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir1)

    # First, train only the weights of the model.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      total_loss = self.ModelLoss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)
      weights = slim.get_variables_by_name('weights')

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss,
          optimizer,
          variables_to_train=weights)

      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=200, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertGreater(loss, .015)
      self.assertLess(loss, .05)

    # Next, train the biases of the model.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(1)
      total_loss = self.ModelLoss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)
      biases = slim.get_variables_by_name('biases')

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss,
          optimizer,
          variables_to_train=biases)

      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=300, log_every_n_steps=10)
      self.assertGreater(loss, .015)
      self.assertLess(loss, .05)

    # Finally, train both weights and bias to get lower loss.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(2)
      total_loss = self.ModelLoss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(total_loss, optimizer)
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=400, log_every_n_steps=10)

      self.assertLess(loss, .015)

  def testTrainingSubsetsOfVariablesOnlyUpdatesThoseVariables(self):
    # First, train only the weights of the model.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      total_loss = self.ModelLoss()
      optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=1.0)
      weights, biases = slim.get_variables()

      train_op = slim.learning.create_train_op(total_loss, optimizer)
      train_weights = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss, optimizer, variables_to_train=[weights])
      train_biases = slim.learning.create_train_op(
          total_loss, optimizer, variables_to_train=[biases])

      with tf.Session() as sess:
        # Initialize the variables.
        sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())

        # Get the intial weights and biases values.
        weights_values, biases_values = sess.run([weights, biases])
        self.assertGreater(np.linalg.norm(weights_values), 0)
        self.assertAlmostEqual(np.linalg.norm(biases_values), 0)

        # Update weights and biases.
        loss = sess.run(train_op)
        self.assertGreater(loss, .5)
        new_weights, new_biases = sess.run([weights, biases])

        # Check that the weights and biases have been updated.
        self.assertGreater(np.linalg.norm(weights_values - new_weights), 0)
        self.assertGreater(np.linalg.norm(biases_values - new_biases), 0)

        weights_values, biases_values = new_weights, new_biases

        # Update only weights.
        loss = sess.run(train_weights)
        self.assertGreater(loss, .5)
        new_weights, new_biases = sess.run([weights, biases])

        # Check that the weights have been updated, but biases have not.
        self.assertGreater(np.linalg.norm(weights_values - new_weights), 0)
        self.assertAlmostEqual(np.linalg.norm(biases_values - new_biases), 0)
        weights_values = new_weights

        # Update only biases.
        loss = sess.run(train_biases)
        self.assertGreater(loss, .5)
        new_weights, new_biases = sess.run([weights, biases])

        # Check that the biases have been updated, but weights have not.
        self.assertAlmostEqual(np.linalg.norm(weights_values - new_weights), 0)
        self.assertGreater(np.linalg.norm(biases_values - new_biases), 0)

  def testTrainWithAlteredGradients(self):
    # Use the same learning rate but different gradient multipliers
    # to train two models. Model with equivalently larger learning
    # rate (i.e., learning_rate * gradient_multiplier) has smaller
    # training loss.
    logdir1 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs6/')
    logdir2 = os.path.join(self.get_temp_dir(), 'tmp_logs7/')
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir1):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir1)
    if tf.gfile.Exists(logdir2):  # For running on jenkins.
      tf.gfile.DeleteRecursively(logdir2)

    multipliers = [1., 1000.]
    number_of_steps = 10
    losses = []
    learning_rate = 0.001

    # First, train the model with equivalently smaller learning rate.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      train_op = self.create_train_op(
          learning_rate=learning_rate,
          gradient_multiplier=multipliers[0])
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir1, number_of_steps=number_of_steps)
      losses.append(loss)
      self.assertGreater(loss, .5)

    # Second, train the model with equivalently larger learning rate.
    g = tf.Graph()
    with g.as_default():
      tf.set_random_seed(0)
      train_op = self.create_train_op(
          learning_rate=learning_rate,
          gradient_multiplier=multipliers[1])
      loss = slim.learning.train(
          train_op, logdir2, number_of_steps=number_of_steps)
      losses.append(loss)
      self.assertLess(loss, .5)

    # The loss of the model trained with larger learning rate should
    # be smaller.
    self.assertGreater(losses[0], losses[1])

if __name__ == '__main__':
  tf.test.main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How can I use Git to track versions of a single file? Let's say I have a single file, foo.txt, that I want to manage with Git, and I don't want to move it into its own directory out of (let's say) /Users/me/Documents, which also has a ton of other files I don't want to include in a repo with foo.txt.  Is this possible?
I tried creating a bare repo (so it would not be named .git):
git init --bare .foo.txt

and planned to exclude everything except foo.txt by putting something like this in the info/exclude file:
*
!foo.txt

but the problem I ran into is that I can't even do a git status as there seems to be no way to pass in a non-standard replacement for the .git directory.
Using a normal .git directory would not work, because it would limit me to ever versioning that one file, or force me to include any other files in the same repo, and I want to be able to version other files in that directory in their own repo.
I realize this is not the use case Git is designed for, but since it's a powerful tool that I'm already familiar with, I'd prefer to use it rather than something else, if there's a way to do that.

A: You can do exactly what you want if you first initialize a git repository for the file:
git init --bare .foo.txt

and then run git like this:
git --git-dir=.foo.txt --work-tree=. status

Alias the first part of that second command to git-foo and you're off to the races.

A: How about using a .gitignore file to create a filter of the files that should be edited. This solution avoids hardlinks which are unsupported on windows.
For example the following file:
$ cat .gitignore
*
!data.xml

Configures git to ignore all files except "data.xml".

A: I think your best bet is to make a repo in a separate directory, and create a hardlink inside of it for each file you want to include:
mkdir some_repo
cd some_repo
git init
ln path/to/file file
# add & commit

A: It's most convenient for me to track a single file in the repository stored in a separate directory.
Make a directory to store the git repository
mkdir my-repo-path

Go to worktree directory (where your desired file is located)
cd my-worktree-path

Init a separate repository inside the hidden subdirectory .git of my-repo-path
git init --separate-git-dir my-repo-path\.git

Along with the separate repository, git has created a hidden file .git in the worktree directory. You can delete it if you like (it may be useful if you are going to track some other file(s) in your worktree directory separately in some separate repository(ies)).
del /AH .git

In any text editor open the file my-repo-path\.git\info\exclude and add to the end the following lines (where foo.txt is the file you'd like to track):
*
!foo.txt

In the command prompt go to the git repo and add what will be committed.
cd my-repo-path\.git
git add .
git commit

Add a remote origin and push master branch, adding upstream (tracking) reference to it.
git remote add origin <url>
git push -u origin master

After that you will add the following commits from your git repo directory (see the second to last step).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
> PriusChat Forums > Other Cars > Tesla >
Model 3 current and projected production
Discussion in 'Tesla' started by el Crucero, Jul 9, 2018.
bwilson4web BMW i3 and Model 3
Huntsville AL
Prime Plus
ETC(SS) said: ↑
Bob actually owns a BEV . . .
Two, 2014 BMW i3-REx, and 2017 Prius Prime.
Bob Wilson
#41 bwilson4web, Jul 14, 2018
benagi Active Member
Prime Advanced
bwilson4web said: ↑
I thought those were phev's not bev's.
#42 benagi, Jul 14, 2018
Zythryn likes this.
ETC(SS) The OTHER One Percenter.....
Redneck Riviera (Gulf South)
Other Non-Hybrid
A rose by by any other name is just a smelly dead flower in a glass of water.
I can understand why some EV fanatic would look down their nose at a Prime, which if it were a ship would be a steamer with a small sail attached....but the i3 is a BEV with a 'range extender' which is more like a sailing vessel with a small auxiliary motor.
In the nautical world there are sailing fanatics who also look down their nose at 'stink pots' or vessels that would eschew the purity of 'wind-only' propulsion, but I have met very VERY few wise sailors who would not avail themselves of the option of an iron-sail if they can afford one.....because....defication occurs.
#43 ETC(SS), Jul 14, 2018
bwilson4web likes this.
Zythryn Senior Member
Other Electric Vehicle
Stop that, why is it people get defensive and start lashing out at people?
No one is "looking down their noses" at others.
The nomenclature I am used to, and I believe most others are, is the following.
HV: A Hybrid Vehicle which uses a battery to assist in motive power.
PHEV: A Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle, has a larger battery and a plug to charge the batteries directly.
BEV: A Battery Electric Vehicle, which uses no gasoline and has a plug to charge the batteries.
FCEV: A Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle which converts hydrogen to electricity via a fuel cell. Typically also includes a battery.
EV: General all inclusive term which includes BEVs, PHEVs, FCEVs and with some definitions HVs.
#44 Zythryn, Jul 14, 2018
benagi said: ↑
Per the Prius glossary, you would be correct.
PriusChat Glossary | PriusChat
The terms are easy to mix up, context will usually make it clear.
el Crucero Senior Member
Plug-in Advanced
Bob actually owns a BEV (with a range extender) so I hardly consider his numbers to be FUD.....
You might want to educate yourself about the definition of electric vehicles. The BMW i3 can be purchased as either a BEV (powered only by batteries) or as a PHEV (powered by both batteries and/or ICE).
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV):
A plug-in hybrid uses its electric motor to power all aspects of propulsion. The vehicle will continue to use the electric motor until battery levels reach a predetermined battery state of charge (SOC). At this SOC level, the vehicle enters into a charge sustaining mode. The internal combustion engine, in some cases acting as a generator, then kicks in to supply power to the electric motor. A plug-in hybrid is essentially an electric vehicle that can call on gasoline to extend its range.
While in charge depleting mode, the main fuel source for PHEVs is electricity since they used stored energy that was sourced from the electricity grid. While PHEVs also take advantage of regenerative braking, the energy captured is not enough to sustain the electric motor as the main driving system.
#46 el Crucero, Jul 14, 2018
My humble apologies if I stepped on anybody's toes.
I was merely pointing out that I personally consider the i3 to be primarily a BEV with an ice as a 'range extender'
I wade into discussions like these as a non BEV owner so that I CAN educate myself about them so that one day.....IF somebody ever produces a BEV that I can use myself at a price that I am willing to pay (<35K) then I will not be befuddled by all of the key words and tricky phrases....
I defend my sailing vessel analogy thusly:
i3 primary power source is electricity.
Prius/Prime primary power source in most cases is usually gasoline, although some in dense urban environs may use the battery more efficiently than others....but our differences in opinion are more about FUNCTION rather than dictionary terms.
vinnie97 Whatever Works
2018 Tesla Model 3
Your befuddlement will only end (and self-education begin) when your price range is reached? Sounds a bit self-centered and scapegoatish to me.
#48 vinnie97, Jul 14, 2018
can't you pick up a new bolt for 25k after tax credit?
#49 bisco, Jul 14, 2018
IF somebody ever produces a BEV that I can use myself at a price that I am willing to pay (<35K) then I will not be befuddled by all of the key words and tricky phrases....
The Smart BEV (sold by MBZ (that would be Mercedes Benz key word)) Should fit the bill. That price point should end all your befuddlement.
My daughter was able to lease a Fiat 500e BEV last year on a a 3 year lease for $50 per month. Fiat couldn't sell these cars for around $40K so they had to give them away in money losing leases to protect their function as a compliance car. My daughter was not befuddled by the EV terminology either before or after executing her lease. She is quite happy with the car for what it is (80 mile range), but she is also purchasing a Tesla model 3.
bisco said: ↑
The Bolt BEV starts at $37,495 (much less expensive than the BMW i3 REx). Here in California with all applicable credits and rebates it would net for ~$27,000 (plus tax, lic, and dest (that would be tax, license, and destination charges)). So @ETC(SS) can end all his befuddlement if he chooses.
orenji Senior Member
el Crucero said: ↑
Hope your daughter is on the waiting list for a model 3, by the time her lease expires she may see her new Model 3. How does she like 500e. I was looking at used ones last year. You can buy them used for $10k with less then 20k miles on them.
#52 orenji, Jul 14, 2018
quirk chevy is showing 7k off an lt, less 7.5k tax credit = $23,000.
lease for $2,500. down and $235./mo. for 36 months.
I hope this is not really how the front of the Y model looks like. Or people will be asking Y?
Elon Musk Confirms Tesla Model Y Debut Date
seems like a reasonable time line. can't wait for the final design!
orenji said: ↑
There isn't any waiting list for the Long Range version of the model 3. She will be getting her model 3 this August. If you want to order one now, you will get it in November. So no, you are incorrect, again.
She likes the 500e fine for commuting to work as Director of Transportation for an institution with 50K constituents. It is also fine as a grocery getter (easy to park). She is happy to be in a lease because there is no resale market for them and she needs something with longer range. She is test driving a Model S as I post this.
The first picture in the linked article is an unaffiliated artist's rendering, a WAG, of what he thinks the model Y might look like. The second picture is a Tesla rendering that was presented to the shareholders a couple of months ago. Be prepared for another 500K pre-orders at the reveal.
And be prepared for a long build time.
Why is she considering an S? Thought the 3 Model is worth the wait.
The model 3 was 15 months from reveal to first production. I expect the model Y will be about 6 to 9 months.
She is not considering a Model S. She just needs a Tesla fix and also do some advance homework on the Tesla proprietary systems.
No way I'm ever leasing.
Right now Volts are going for about 30K OTD and Bolts are few thou more at something like 32k.
This is in flyover country where gas is still less than $2.50 (I paid $2.40 this AM) and the nearest HOV lane is in Nashville.
I'll stay put for now because my current commute is about 3 miles (may soon change drastically) and my current car payments are all $0.....and I'm concentrating on making my house payment go away.
So, yeah.
For right now I'm still without skin in the game....
i'm staying put for now as well, but i'm currently 90% ev in the pip.
and we get another $2,500. ma tax credit, so bolt would be $20,500. here, about the same as 2017 prime was before they ran out.
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jerrymildred


text:
art, family, screen, words
Lost in History
Untitled, John Stezaker
On Saturday evening September 17, 1977, Leslie Munn went drinking with friends in Manor Park, east London, and never came back.
Just before midnight, Leslie was seen leaving The Star pub on Snowshill Road. A little while after, he was found sprawled in the middle of Warwick Road (E12), less than half a mile from his home. He had sustained serious head injuries and was unconscious.
Lying next to Leslie on the ground was his friend, ex-paratrooper Paul Lee (22). They were lined up adjacent to Paul's wrecked car, which had crashed into the front wall of a nearby house. What happened between the two young men leaving the pub, and being found like this, remains largely a mystery.
Leslie was taken to East Ham Memorial Hospital and then onwards to St Bart's teaching hospital, central London, where he was kept alive by an artificial respirator. He died the following Tuesday without regaining consciousness. By which point the police had launched a murder investigation.
Leslie Munn was 16 years old. His death certificate has the cause of death as 'cerebral contusions and lacerations due to compound fractured skull.'
I knew Leslie from youth club.
Might sound silly now, but back then youth club was actually a big deal. Every Friday night, all year round, between 50 to a 100 youths, aged from 14 to 16, would gather at a youth club in an annexe next to the local Catholic church.
Leslie was two years older than me and had outgrown the club by the time of his death. Probably the last occasion him and his mates attended was the previous summer – on the night after their leaving day at school. I can hear the big boys that night lobbing boasts back and forth about their first proper jobs and how much they were getting paid. Leslie had landed a job as a messenger. One guy spoke of starting on £30 a week selling clothes at Mr Byrite.
Despite being connected to the church, and with God in such close proximity, the youth club wasn't religious. Each Friday night started with the boys playing football in the playground of the primary school next door; while indoors, the girls danced to records. And then after football, the boys joined the girls upstairs, mainly to talk, dance and flirt.
At the end of the evening the lights would be dimmed for the slow dances – So You Win Again, I'm Not in Love, When Will I See You Again – and snogging in the dark corners of the room; if you were lucky.
In Boyhood Island, Book Three of Karl Ove Knausgaard's hypnotic series of autobiographical novels, the author remembers the glittery attraction of his village youth club growing up as a teenager in 1970s rural Norway. In the years when he was too young to attend, youth club figured as a 'mythological place' of promise. When finally his time came, Karl Ove's debut night 'felt as though I was being initiated into a rite of passage'. The first few Friday evenings he'd return home after youth club 'with my head totally in a spin, normality cast under some mysterious spell… endlessly rich and alluring, full of hope and possibilities…'
I am angry, I am ill and I'm ugly as sin
Of course such sensations don't endure – youth gobbles up promise as it rushes headlong towards the next big thing. But Knausgaard's wistful romantic record of past times resonates. I always remember youth club in the glow of a summer's evening; it's never winter. And the people are always smiling; when in truth some of them were complete gits.
Leslie Munn was always friendly – surprisingly, for someone two years older; and not mean, like some in his gang. But he was also a bit gormless and a borderline twerp. He gurned a lot, but wasn't funny. Neither was he cool, cute, or good at football; and didn't appear to have much success with girls. Whatever social capital Leslie had to spend, he'd accrued by being best friend and sidekick to the leader of the gang of older boys – who would always descend upon and then later quit the club as a loud and boisterous unit.
I looked up to the older boys, they seemed like adults – but they were barely older than my son. This isn't just a trick of perspective. Most working class kids were undoubtedly a lot closer to adulthood back then: firmly, ineluctably tethered to a recognisable story map, a preset lifespan.
Though we may sometimes speak of how kids grow up fast these days, we also know the way in which extended education supports a longer, broader, later adolescence, that segues into early adulthood – thereafter merging, if you're lucky, into a seemingly endless middle youth.
But back in the 70s, many young people were teenagers one day, and grown ups the next. You left school at 16 and you went to work. Not one of my group of school friends continued onto sixth form, they all got jobs – in shops, as sheetmetal workers at Ford Dagenham, or down Tate & Lyle in Silvertown. A-levels and university were just some exotic faraway beach, never once contemplated as a possible destination worth pitching for.
Sugar… oh, honey, honey
My school sixth form was small and largely filled with people re-sitting CSEs, with only a handful studying for A-levels. Just two from my year went on to university – me and a guy who was good at science. (The school doesn't exist any longer. They flattened it years ago. Not due to poor exam results, but because West Ham Football Club wanted the extra space.)
Leslie was out of school and into full time work – with marriage and kids likely to follow quite soon. There seemed no other way. There may have been numerous dissenting teen sub-cultures knocking around in the late 1970s – punks, mods, skins, even soul boys – but for the majority, teenage kicks was a brief fling.*
Forget it, Jake; it's Chinatown
Five summers ago, temporarily finding myself under-employed in the relationship department with Vela, and feeling a bit idle, I started to think of Leslie Munn. I can't say why. But overtime I grew preoccupied and decided that I would find out what happened to him that night. And then perhaps write something about his death.
The first thing to do was confirm that Leslie Munn was real and that I didn't make it all up – perhaps, in truth, this was always the main motivation. The rumours that had been shared around concerning what actually happened to Leslie were so grotesque, and so far back in time, that you almost get so you doubt your own memory, where some past events can look both blurry, but also highly polished and artefactual – more resembling folklore, or fable, than the actual truth.
Did Leslie exist, did he actually die, was it really on the front page of the local paper? I hadn't just concocted the whole thing, had I – as part of the backstory to my emerging middle class self; bit by bit, over the years, a dark, ghastly tale with a lurid gore providing extra flavour to the fact I'd part grown-up in the mad, bad East End of London.
I went online for some starter research – local forums, Friends Reunited, family history sites, neighbourhood resources, government records. And yes, Leslie was real; and yes, he died violently in mysterious circumstances.
But I didn't do a tonne of digging – because I'm not studious like that, and anyway, there didn't seem to be much out there to be found.
It was time to leave the house. I booked a session at the library in Stratford, and sighed. I don't really like where I lived as a teen, and don't often find myself going back that way. Now, I'm not saying I'm Jack Nicholson in Chinatown – dreading and detesting a former stomping ground as an amoral sinkhole of dark matter – but when I go out my front door I tend to go west, south, north, and very rarely east. But that's just me.
At the Stratford Reference Library a much younger J looked at the cool model for the 2012 Olympic site, before setting up his Lego minifigs on a nearby table, while I scrolled through page, after page… after page, on the microfiche. I was looking for Leslie, squinting at small-print black and white scans from more than three decades back. And for a spell, time stopped.
Tilly Losch, by Joseph Cornell, circa 1935
The artist John Stezaker has written about the 'total absorption' he experienced on the first occasion he saw the artworks of Joseph Cornell in real life.** At being so 'transported' by Cornell's magic boxes, with their uncanny, artfully recycled found objects, that he was overwhelmed by a kind of 'loss of orientation in time and space.' In describing his brief journey to somewhere leftside of normality, Stezaker references the writer Maurice Blanchot's description of a fascination resulting in an 'absence of time'.
Well, here I was losing myself in Stratford Library, discovering how the past, something so intrinsically temporal, can also be an escape hatch out of time.
For a while at least. For going awol in history is one thing, the limited patience of a ten-year-old is something else. The Annoying Son had plainly had his fill of 'Library Day!' – as I'd craftily titled our atypical trip out. It was time to deliver on the bribe from earlier. I printed off my pages on Leslie and we went in search of donuts.
The Star pub – before it was knocked down
I have the newspaper print-outs in front of me. The Newham Recorder of September 22 1977 has Leslie's death as the week's lead story. The headline is 'Road Crash Killer Riddle'. The reporter is John Healy. 'A murder inquiry was launched yesterday following the death of one of the two youths found seriously injured by the side of a wrecked car.'
Healy describes how Leslie and Paul had been seen drinking with friends at the Star. That they'd left at around midnight. (The pub was one of several known for ducking 70s licensing laws at weekends – hosting lock-ins past closing time on Friday and Saturday night.)
Leslie's father David Munn says his son separated from his friends at the bus stop and took a lift in Paul's car. 'His injuries could not have been caused by the crash,' he states. 'We don't know what happened.'
Healy writes that police detectives agree with Leslie's dad, believing that the boys 'were beaten, possibly with an iron bar.'
The front page item concludes by reporting how the police suspect that both Leslie and Paul were dragged to the side of the road, and placed next to the 'wrecked' vehicle. And that officers were looking to interview the occupants of a white car seen near the site of the crash.
A week later, and Leslie has slipped off the front page of the paper, to be found tucked away on page 5. 'Coma Youth Clue to Death Riddle' reports that murder squad detectives have an 'an open mind' on the case, but that their 'main hope' is Paul Lee, who was still in a deep coma in hospital, with officers 'keeping a 24-hour vigil waiting for Paul to regain consciousness.'
By now the police had traced the driver of the white car seen dragging the 'dying youth' across the road 'before driving off'; and had eliminated him from their inquiries. Michael Burke, an expat visiting from Australia, had spotted the bodies coming down Warwick Road, and stopped and moved them over to the side. He then continued to his parents' house and called an ambulance. '[Burke] had nothing at all to do with the incident,' say the police.
By the time of Healy's third report – " 'Forgotten' Clue to Death Riddle" – it is a few weeks later. Paul Lee is now awake, 'recovering from a serious brain operation' which has resulted in temporary amnesia. According to Paul's mum, her son 'can't remember a thing about the accident.'
Healy reports how the 'police believe that in his subconscious lies the clue to a mystery death [which had been] baffling them for a month'.
And yet something has already slipped away from the case, with the hunt for answers now over-layed with a mood of resignation. Notice the mum says 'accident'. And that the police aren't talking murder any longer – the iron bars have been forgotten.
Is this because they know for certain that it wasn't homicide? Have they overturned their initial assertion that Leslie was murdered as a rash and misguided starter guess? Or, has a new version of events taken over that can't be thwarted, a version better suited to the survivor's future well-being? Is Paul's subconscious refusing to cough up the truth – or is it better for the young man not to remember something so terrible, no doubt aware that if Leslie was killed, then the killers also now know who Paul is?
The police are quoted on the stalled state of the investigation. 'The only person who can tell us what happened that night is Mr Lee.' Is there a hint of exasperation in this bald statement of fact? Am I seeing too much here, because of too many crime novels and thrillers on DVD?
Paul Lee's 'temporary amnesia' turned out to be long lasting. In late June 1978, an inquest into Leslie Munn's death returned an open verdict.
The Newham Recorder reports on the case for the last time – 'Mystery of Boy Found Dying in the Road'. The summary of the inquest relays how the police had initially launched a murder probe because of Leslie's unusual head injuries, including 'a-four-and-a-half inch laceration' to the back of the head. The pathologist, Prod James Cameron, said Leslie's injury was 'uncommon in a road accident'. And yet the police told the inquest how they could find no evidence of 'anything sinister having taken place'. The article's sub head is revealing: 'Police probe fails to reveal cause of bizarre accident'.
Bizarre accident. The police were asked about Leslie's body being moved and read out a statement on Michael Burke's behalf explaining his actions. There then follows a quite ambiguous sentence: 'PC John Churchman said he made a check on the car and found no sign of the two youths having been in it.' The assumption that the report is referring to Paul Lee's car – and not Michael Burke's vehicle – is confirmed in the next paragraph, which states that 'the passenger door [of Lee's car] was open on impact with the garden wall.
Paul Lee's car
So, if the boys hadn't been in Paul's car, then who had? Who drove the vehicle into the garden wall with the passenger door open?
Towards the end of the inquest, Paul Lee was called to the stand to give evidence, but his legal counsel objected as 'the police had not definitely said whether they would be prosecuting him.' The City of London coroner Dr David Paul agreed to the objection, 'adding that from his statement, Paul had not been able to remember about the incident, anyway.
And that was it. Open verdict on a cold case from a long time ago.
In June 1978, I was coming to the end of my fourth year at secondary school (Year 10). Every Friday afternoon I did double Art and was terrible at it. A bunch of us sat at the back of the class and talked all lesson – I don't think we painted a single picture all year. Some of our group were part of the in-crowd (the Populars) – including a young woman whose elder brother had been Leslie Munn's best friend. She said her brother had been in the pub that night. But hadn't spoken about what happened. Not once.
The story at the time, the folklore in the area, certainly among teens that I knew, was that Leslie and friends had gatecrashed a party and got into a fight. They had then run for it, were chased – but Munn and Paul were eventually caught, and Leslie had an axe put through the back of his head.
At an online forum a poster remembers Leslie's demise after all these years: 'Kids being kids always used an macabre illustrative chopping motion when referring to Leslie's death, that's why I recall it.'
I'd forgotten the chopping gesture. But I do remember other things being said, like the shocking state Leslie's head was in when the police first arrived at the crime scene.
And yet nobody on Warwick Road saw or heard anything. The whole street was already fast asleep just after midnight on Saturday. And when Paul's car crashed into the garden wall – nobody woke up in time to look out the window and see who climbed out the wrecked car. There was not even a witness to Michael Burke hauling the two young men out of the middle of the road.
This is what's so strange, and suspicious: it's the silence that helps makes events look shifty. All the grisly rumours don't help.
Maybe Leslie Munn was killed. Some people murder, they don't get caught, and carry on with their lives. There are killers amongst us. Like the death of love, I find this an extraordinary idea.
Or, maybe Leslie and Paul were drunk and crashed the car. Staggered out of the wreckage and collapsed in the road. But then, why was the pathologist reluctant to ascribe Leslie's fatal injuries to a crash? And why did the police say they found no sign that the two young men had been in Paul's car?
You wonder if it's not too late for someone to go back and dig around; not me, but someone who knows what they're doing, and maybe find out for sure. But yeah, we'll probably never know. Apart from anything else, memory is such an unreliable instrument. At the public library I was startled when I saw the first report in the local paper. I remembered Leslie's face dominating the front page of the Recorder at the time – looming out. But in truth, Leslie shares the lead space with a story concerning a naughty dog, and the pic of the mutt and its owner is twice the size of the deceased teenager.
I also felt sure the event took place near East Ham tube. Down in the railway underpass at the bottom of our road. But Leslie and Paul weren't even close to the station. My memory has tampered with the facts, pulling the tragedy closer to my own lifestory, while also folding in a dark, sinister underpass – because in urban horror that's the kind of place where brutal murders occur.
So, getting to the bottom of it. Well, it's not easy. I didn't get very far chasing the story down five years ago. People I spoke with online said it was sensitive. Some hinted it might be risky disinterring old stories best left buried. But also, how was I going to figure it all out, I'm not a detective? I'm not Mr Tenacious Shrewd-Type, with unlimited hours to spend.
But could there be other reasons we don't always flush out the truth? Writing about the life and cinema of Alfred Hitchcock, the critic Michael Wood characterises the film-maker as 'a man exploring not so much our pursuit of knowledge as the reasons why it is so hard to come by.' From Sabotage to Vertigo via The Man Who Knew Too Much, most of Hitchcock's heroes often know something, but rarely nearly enough.
Despite the inner clamour or craving for facts, answers, closure and conclusion, there is a double bind lurking at the core of historical enquiry. Although history draws us in as a plausible place to find certainty, it is probably the last place we will find it. Not simply because facts can be elusive, but because so much is open to interpretation. Try definitively determining General Haig's level of culpability at the Battle of the Somme. Then try doing it with your son onboard, the reluctant historian, as part of school homework, and you will understand the meaning of doubt – and also what frustration's inner chamber feels like.
Better perhaps to think of history as a good place to get lost, to get out of here, for a while, heading off for a scenic, provocative wandering.
My mum has a seemingly endless suplly of stories to tell from her girlhood years in wartime Germany, and usually gets lost in the past. It's not that she's forgotten what happened; it is the act of heading off into the woods, with so many paths to go down, and never a final destination in mind. The track taken often detours down another track, only to then divide and split again, before performing an unexpected twist or turn as her memories meander in thrall to their own desire line. And only afterwards do you realise you didn't find out the answer to your initial query.
Her mother's cousin was a German police detective who was pretty good at catching crooks. For this reason he was allowed to continue in his position after the Nazis came to power, and long into the war, despite not being a national socialist. But this lack of political commitment caused resentment and started rumours and whisperings against him.
He shared an office with his boss. One day, the boss was out on a case when his phone rang. The detective reached across and answered it. The man on the other end of the line was calling from Berlin, police HQ; and, assuming he was talking to the boss, issued instructions to arrest the detective – that they were sending a car. The detective listened to his own name reported as a suspect, about to be taken in custody, and calmly continued with the misunderstanding and said he'd get on with the plan.
He then put down the phone, walked straight out the office, went home, picked up his wife and drove out of the city. No time to pack.
The detective and his wife crossed Germany, but were taken prisoner by the American military as they tried to leave the country. They had a large wodge of money on them – their share of her family inheritance. The money was confiscated and never returned. This was how the detective was remembered within the family: not as the man who was calm under pressure, but as the one who lost the inheritance; not the wily detective, but the fool who couldn't hold on to his wife's nest egg.
German prisoners of war in Russia,1944
After the war, the detective got his old job back and continued policing through to retirement. In contrast, my grand-father never resumed in his role as meteorologist at Nuremberg airport. Having worked there from the late 1920s into the mid 1940s, he was belatedly drafted into the army aged forty plus.
In the latter stages of the conflict, the age range for conscription was increased, with Hitler throwing men under the tanks, incapable of accepting defeat. Grand-dad was sent to fight on the Russian front; where he was captured and despatched to a prisoner-of-war camp. He was not a worldly man and a bit of an absent-minded professor. He gave a talk at the camp to fellow inmates – the men took turns to say some words about their hobbies as a form of evening entertainment – and he told his audience of prisoners how fortunate and privileged they were to be incarcerated here, as the view of the stars at night was of an exceptional quality.
the sky at night
Grandad was also known for his fascination for trains and railway timetables. At night, the inmates would hear the distant trains rumbling past, and my grand-father would tell them where the service was perhaps heading, or where it had just come from.
The Soviet Union didn't release all of their German prisoners straight after the war. But in spurts and batches. Many never made it home, being simply listed as missing. The living conditions in the camps were abysmal and many thousands of inmates perished. A returning German soldier met my mum and described an older man who'd been in his bunk room: the man loved trains and stargazing, and had died. My grand-mother listened, nodded and said that sounds like my husband.
That was the only confirmation of his death the family received. Because the past doesn't always wrap it up neatly.***
The best story of all is how grandad saved Hitler's life. But this post has gone on long enough…
it's a long way back
* Stezaker first encountered Cornell at Whitechapel Gallery,1981. In London's East End. Had to be London's East End.
** There was a thriving rocker scene in Manor Park. A large hairy one once punched me in the face once. I was walking past The Ruskin Arms pub on High Street North – a popular heavy metal venue where Iron Maiden played when starting out. I think he punched me because he didn't like the way I was dressed. Maybe he considered me a bit mod, or soulie. But I was definitely neither. I was actually vanguard thrift store American college boy – see American Graffiti. If he'd looked a bit more closely, taken greater care identifying his pop tribes, maybe I wouldn't have got punched.
*** A lack of official confirmation made for difficulties drawing her war widow's pension for several years. Approximately three million German soldiers were taken prisoner by the Soviet Union during World War Two. The number who died is contested, estimates starting at almost 400,000, and rising to possibly as many as 1,000,000. So, my German grand-mother lived through two world wars, the great flu pandemic of 1918, uprisings, revolution, hyper-inflation, the Nazis, being bombed, invaded, country divided in two, economic devastation, German post-war reconstruction, Baader-Meinhoff, Gerd Müller, Kraftwerk.
« The Shopping Bag Hat While We're (Not So) Young »


text:
Official Charlie Davies News/Updates Thread 3.0
Discussion in 'Yanks Abroad' started by Illusionbox, Aug 23, 2007.
Page 9 of 21 < Prev 1 ← 7 8 9 10 11 → 21 Next >
aveslacker Member+
The land of Rob & Cecil
#201 aveslacker, Sep 24, 2007
Obese said: ↑
65th something minute, CD out --> Sebastian Castro Tello in. Still no goals by CD, maybe next week
How did he play?
Obese New Member
Solna, Sweden
#202 Obese, Sep 24, 2007
Sorry, just listened on the web, they didn't mention CD much, just a couple of shots. One on target, saved by the goalie and one just outside. Maybe someone who watched the game on tv or live will post later on. Penalty kick right now:
Goal Eguren!!!
Hed7181 Member
#203 Hed7181, Sep 24, 2007
I was on my way to post it. You win this round.
2-1 Hammarby 73'
Hed7181 said: ↑
Hed7181 1 - Obese 1, that's all good!
Are you listening live or just follwing it at livescore.com etc?
I'm following the matchtracker at www.svenskfotboll.se. It's a pretty good one.
FYI 2-1 is the final. Another big win for Hammarby
Yeah but it's bad luck for me, superstitious as I am Another three point game and at most four points to number one, the league is still open.
golazo68 Member+
#207 golazo68, Sep 24, 2007
Friedel'sAccent said: ↑
Just one? Isn't that what the white house spokespeople call the soft bigotry of low expectations?
I go into every YA game expecting our boys to score a hat trick. You may call me a dreamer...
Funny stuff...well done.
Friedel'sAccent Member+
#208 Friedel'sAccent, Sep 24, 2007
golazo68 said: ↑
I try.
So...any word on how CD did today?
well, we know the facts.
He started up top, played 65 minutes. He had two shots, one on target, and no goals.
Now surely that's enough information for BS posters to form an opinion
FCmagic01 Member
#210 FCmagic01, Sep 24, 2007
he did well but not great....
Sweetness Member
#211 Sweetness, Sep 25, 2007
A detailed match report is available at http://www.americansoccerdaily.com/matchreports/elfhif240907.htm
Lorelaei New Member
#212 Lorelaei, Sep 29, 2007
An interview with Davies was posted on Hammarby's official website a day ago or so. I've translated it for you guys, it's quite interesting. Enjoy!
Charlie, how's your form?
- I feel like I'm in the form of my life right now, and I'm only getting stronger. So the last three weeks have been really good for me training-wise, and I feel like I've improved.
You hade a place in the starting eleven in the beginning of the season, but since Petter (Andersson) and Paulinho started playing together on top you've had a hard time taking a place.
- Yes, but it's not really about me losing my place in the starting eleven. You have to earn your place there, and I feel that I've not earned it enough to keep my place. I've just not performed the way I wanted to. It's my first year as a pro and seen over all the games I've played, this is a fantastic season for me. This year has been very instructive for me, and I have to get used to the way of playing football here and to my teammates. I'm starting to get the chance in the starting eleven again now because of injuries and suspensions, and I feel that it's working good.
Was the difference between playing here and in the college league bigger than you'd imagined?
- Yes, the way that I'm used in the game isn't the same here. I'm trying to find the way to be successful in this way of playing. It was very hard in the beginning, but now I'm starting to get used to it. Here it's more about being a team player. Earlier I've always been the star on the team and everyone has wanted to give me the ball. Here it's different, and to get that status here I have to work hard and fight for the team.
You got to start the last game against Elfsborg and you were involved in some things in the offense?
- Yes, it felt really good. Even if I was taken off, and despite the fact that I felt I had more to give, I got praise from both the trainer and my teammates. They thought it was one of my best games for Hammarby, so they noticed that I work hard and that I'm getting better. The runs are starting to work, so it can only get better and better.
You were involved in a penalty situation. It's a few days after the game - was it a pk?
- Yes, I think so. The goalie didn't touch the ball at all. The penalty we got later was somewhat a compensation, I believe.
It's a very exciting week that starts on Monday in Gothenburg.
- Exactly. We have games Monday, Thursday, Monday, so it's going to be intense and I look forward to it. The game against Gothenburg (IFK Göteborg) is a little bit of the game of the season. If we manage to pass that obstacle we have very good possibilities to get in the top four, if we lose, it will be considerably tougher.
I know that you were enraged over the fact that you were suspended against Braga. But for Thursdays away game you're available.
- Yeah, and it's really a big game, but I have to focus on the Gothenburg-match and not think about anything else right now.
If somethings totally wrong and you don't understand shit, please let me know and I'll explain instead.
Thanks. Can someone rep Lorelaei for me? I'm fresh out.
#214 m vann, Sep 29, 2007
aveslacker said: ↑
Done! Nice little interview, too!
#215 Obese, Oct 1, 2007
Hammarby @ IFK Göteborg, October 1st, 7 p.m. CET:
Lineups are in and CD starts on the bench. Game can be bought at canalplus.se --> Web TV and the cost is approx. $10-11 (79 SEK). Don't think there is a stream up yet so that is basicly the only way of watching outside Sweden. If not try listening at: http://www.sr.se/cgi-bin/Radiosporten/nyhetssidor/index.asp?programID=2835&nyheter=1, all in Swedish. Game link in the top right corner. Enjoy the game!
//O.
#216 Hed7181, Oct 1, 2007
Wow, that doesn't look good for Charlie when Sebastian Castro-Tello gets the start over him. Last game Castro-Tello came off the bench for Charlie. I'll think positive though since it sounds like Charlie is confident with his position based on the recent interview.
TimB4Last Member+
#217 TimB4Last, Oct 1, 2007
Davies should really consider the advantages of a hyphenated last name. The first that comes to mind is Charlie Bradley-Davies, although Charlie Davies-Bradley also sounds promising.
Or he could use two last names. How about Charlie Nguyen-Wynne Davies?
Suggestions welcome ...
0-1 Goteborg up early
#219 Friedel'sAccent, Oct 1, 2007
TimB4Last said: ↑
I wish his name were Charlie Scoregoal-Davies...
Castro-Tello plays left wing midfield tonight. Petter Andersson and Paulinho on top. 2-0 Gothenburg so far.
Nice effort, but a bit too Anglified for European tastes. How about Charlie AnotaGol-Davies?
Maybe we're going to have to drop the Davies part entirely. Something like Charles AnotaGol-Campeón.
Let's keep working on it ...
Sounds like there's a game in progress ...
CD on for Monteiro, 38th minute.
Hammarby are desparate for some goals now. Charlie was subbed in for a defender. It looks like they're in a 3-4-3 now.
0-2 at halftime
Come on Charlie! Open your Allsvenskan account in style. Hat-trick hero!
I don't know if Hammarby (fans) are desparate, but CD fans are desperate!