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Shooting took place just after 11 a.m.
(CNN) -- A man walked into a North Carolina Target store on Sunday and shot an employee he had had a previous relationship with before turning the gun on himself, police said.
"Target is deeply saddened by the loss of one of our team members and the tragic event that took place at our Apex, North Carolina, store shortly after 11 a.m. Sunday morning," Target spokeswoman Brandy Doyle said in a statement. "The store was immediately evacuated following the incident and we are cooperating fully with law enforcement in its investigation."
Apex police spokeswoman Ann Stephens told CNN the victim and suspect had been in a relationship that ended several years ago. She was in the store at her cash register Sunday morning when he came in and shot her, Stephens said. The man died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds, she said.
The store will be closed Sunday "so that we can focus on taking care of our team," Doyle said. Counselors would be made available at the store, she said.
Apex is about 15 miles west of Raleigh, North Carolina.
CNN's Karan Olson contributed to this report.


text:
Q: F#: Error when trying to copy and update record through interface I am trying to make a function that turns any flat seq<IHierarchy> into a hierarchy. Essentially, anything that has a parentID and a seq of children should be able to be made into a hierarchy. Instead of making Hierarchy a base class with parentID and children properties [we can't as records are sealed classes] I was wondering if it was possible to make it an IHierarchy with two abstract fields that we implement for each class (parentID and children).
I attached the code below including a makeHierarchy function that tries to turn a flat seq<IHierarchy> into a hierarchy structure of IHierarchies. However, when I try using the record copy and update syntax (ie: {node with children = ...}) I am getting an error saying "The type IHierarchy does not contain a field children". I am a bit confused how to get the record {with} syntax to work for this type in the interface. Is it not possible to? Any help would be appreciated as I'm pretty new to F#.
module Hierarchy =
    type IHierarchy =
        abstract member parentID: Option<int>
        abstract member children: seq<IHierarchy>

module SalesComponents =
    open Hierarchy
    type SalesComponentJson = JsonProvider<""" [{ "ID":1, "parentID":0, "name":"All Media" }, { "ID":1, "parentID":null, "name":"All Media" }]  """, SampleIsList=true>
    type SalesComponent  = {
                            ID: int;
                            parentID: Option<int>;
                            children: seq<SalesComponent>;
                            name: string
                           }
                           interface IHierarchy with
                            member x.parentID = x.parentID
                            member x.children = x.children |> Seq.map (fun c -> c :> IHierarchy)

open Hierarchy
open SalesComponents
let main argv =
    let makeHierarchy hierarchyRecords:seq<IHierarchy> =
        let root = hierarchyRecords |> Seq.tryFind (fun sc -> sc.parentID.IsNone)
        let rec getHierarchy (node: IHierarchy, scs: seq<IHierarchy>) =
            {node with children = scs |> Seq.filter (fun sc -> sc.parentID.IsSome && sc.parentID.Value = node.ID )
                                      |> Seq.map    (fun sc -> getHierarchy(sc,scs))}
        root |> Option.map (fun r -> getHierarchy(r,hierarchyRecords) )

A: Do you need an interface for this? You already have the source type defined by the JSON type provider. Why not define a concrete destination type?
In functional programming, the best designs usually separate data from behaviour. Data is data, and functions implement the behaviour. You typically don't need polymorphic objects, although coming from an OOD background, it can be a hard habit to break.
If you need a hierarchy, you can often model it using a generic record type like this:
type Graph<'a> = { Node : 'a; Children : Graph<'a> list }

Assuming that you've already defined the SalesComponentJson type using the JSON type provider as above, you can define a function that transforms such JSON data to hierarchies:
// FSharp.Data.JsonProvider<...>.Root list -> Graph<string> list
let createHierarchies (xs : SalesComponentJson.Root list) =
    let rec findChildren parentId =
        xs
        |> List.filter (fun x -> x.ParentId = Some parentId)
        |> List.map (fun x -> { Node = x.Name; Children = findChildren x.Id })

    xs
    |> List.filter (fun x -> x.ParentId.IsNone)
    |> List.map (fun root -> { Node = root.Name; Children = findChildren root.Id })

From the perspective of the type system, there's no guarantee that any given list of JSON data doesn't hold more than a single entry with no parent ID. Thus, the function returns a list of graphs, or, rather, a forest.
Here's some example data:
let salesComponents = [
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":0, "name":"All Media" }"""
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":1, "parentID":0, "name":"Foo" }"""
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":2, "parentID":1, "name":"Bar" }"""
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":3, "parentID":1, "name":"Baz" }"""
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":4, "parentID":0, "name":"Qux" }"""
    SalesComponentJson.Parse """{ "ID":5, "parentID":4, "name":"Corge" }""" ]

and here's a usage example from FSI:
> createHierarchies salesComponents;;
val it : Graph<string> list =
  [{Node = "All Media";
    Children =
     [{Node = "Foo";
       Children = [{Node = "Bar";
                    Children = [];}; {Node = "Baz";
                                      Children = [];}];};
      {Node = "Qux";
       Children = [{Node = "Corge";
                    Children = [];}];}];}]

This forest only has a single tree.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Lake Encourages Non-conformity
March 28, 2008 Howard HewittPosted in Uncategorized
Dr. Timothy Lake, Director of the Malcolm X Institute of Black Studies delivered his Chapel Talk Thursday titled "Die Niggers: the High Price of a Wabash Education." Click here to listen to the podcast.
In his talk he spoke of many men and women in Wabash College's past who are continuing to "bear fruit even as we approach the end of the first decade of the 21st Century."
Lake quoted a speech given by Dean Shearer to the graduating seniors in 1969 in which he said, "Wabash College must not take a position partisan at all when it comes to matters of social import. Instead it must seek to make room for the various and varying points of view. To pursue their dreams, those people from different backgrounds and those people with different aspirations should find home here at Wabash."
Lake continued, "Non-conformity, in Shearer's definition, meant having those people in your midst who you absolutely disagree with – that's diversity – made real because it expand us, it† challenges us to push beyond the niceties of tolerance, forbearance, and exceptance."
In reference to a recent racial incident on campus, Lake spoke to the two victims pledging his support for the men regardless of whether they choose to remain at Wabash. However, he encouraged them not to leave out of fear.
"The solution to fear, the solution to those who threaten you is resistance," Lake said. "We must resist, Wabash."
Two Graduates Working for Hillary
March 25, 2008 Jim AmidonPosted in Uncategorized
WEST LAFAYETTE – Howard W. Hewitt -Brock Johnson '07 was scrambling Friday afternoon to find a suitable location in Lafayette for a Monday Hillary Clinton campaign event. See photo album from Monday night's rally here.
Johnson has worked for the Clinton Campaign since the Iowa caucuses. Monday's event featured former President Bill Clinton. Johnson doesn't normally do advance work for the President, but took on the assignment this past weekend so he could visit his family near Edinburgh for Easter.
That's the chaotic and hectic lifestyle Johnson and Elliott Vice '06 have embraced during this unusually long and competitive Democratic presidential primary campaign. Vice works as a field representative organizing and assisting turn-out-the-vote efforts form state to state. He ran off a long list of states as he crisscrossed the nation since joining Hillary's campaign a year ago.
Nearly 2,000 people jammed West Lafayette High School's gymnasium Monday night to hear President Clinton give what must be a standard campaign speech. He entered to a roar from the crowd and to Dolly Parton's "Working 9 to 5." It was Clinton's fifth speech of the day in the Hoosier state in advance of the May 6 primary.
Johnson works as a member of the advance team for Hillary. He helps with details and arrangements for campaign events and assists handling the substantial press contingent at each event.
The audience was full of area Democratic officials, plenty of young people and senior citizens. For many it was clearly an once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to see a U.S. President
There was a strong Wabash contingent in the crowd as well. An informal count totaled about 12 recognizable student faces. Some helped work the campaign event while others were just there to see Bill.
The fall issue of Wabash Magazine will feature Wabash men in politics. We have at least three graduates we'll be visiting who are working in the national race. Jeremy Bird '00 is a field director for Barack Obama. He currently is leading those efforts in Pennsylvania.
In photos: Top right, johnson stops to visit briefly before the crowd swarms the gym. Bottom left, Vice talks with a security official. Photos by Clayton Craig '08
"I See Myself at Their Age"
March 23, 2008 Brent HarrisPosted in Uncategorized
Steve Charles—Chad Westphal huddles over a coffee table in the Nicholson Elementary School Community Room with a half-dozen students. All are much younger than those he teaches at the College. They stare intently at a sheet of paper on the table—Westphal's first draft of a design for a new skateboard park for Crawfordsville.
"I want this to be a park where every piece is used often," the Wabash mathematics professor tells the boys. "I need you to look at this carefully, tell me what works, what doesn't, and what's missing."
It takes a while for the young skateboarders find their voices. Their sport is officially banned in downtown Crawfordsville and is seen as a nuisance by some business owners. Like any marginalized group, they're slow to speak up.
But Chad persists, and a conversation builds. Ideas, critiques, laughter. They are still talking intently when I have to leave the meeting for another assignment.
"It was good to hear their feedback on the design, and their ideas about how they can get involved," Chad tells me the next day. "This project will happen when they get involved and we force it to be a priority.
Chad, and many others in Crawfordsville, believe it should be a priority.
"What if there wasn't a single basketball goal in this whole town? How soon would we get one put up?" Chad asks. "If skaters are seen as antisocial and destructive, it's probably because we've given them no opportunities otherwise."
Westphal and the teachers and parents involved in the "Building a Healthy Future" project are determined to give them opportunities. The Tuesday night meeting offered an update on the project. Supporters have raised $80,000 of the $350,000 to build the skateboard park and install family-friendly playground equipment at the city's Milligan Park.
"We want to make Milligan Park more of a family hub, to meet the community's needs," says Nicholson Elementary School Principal and project booster Karen Cushman. She's been working on the skateboard park/playground project for years. Tonight she tells the skaters that it's time for them make it their own—to get the design they want, to come up with ideas for fund raisers and presentations to city leaders and those who could provide additional money.
Westphal underlines Cushman's comments with a story. At a mathematics conference in Portland, Oregon earlier in the month, he took time out to visit the Burnside Skateboard Park. Originally built by skaters tired of waiting for government and foundations to fund the project, Burnside became a skating mecca.
"When skaters decide to take ownership, they can be pretty effective," Westphal says as he tells the students the story of Burnside. It not only gave skaters a place for their sport, but also cleaned up the surrounding neighborhood. Today the park, and the skateboarding, are seen as attraction and major benefit to the Portland community.
Westphal got involved with the Crawfordsville project two years ago. As a "retired" skateboarder who is sometimes mistaken for a student on the Wabash campus, he's taken charge of helping design the park, working with a Canadian firm which specializes in the facilities.
"There are a lot of options for building a skate park, most of them really bad ideas," Chad says. With good intentions but little money, Crawfordsville built such a park less than a decade ago. It was closed down after city leaders raised concerns about the cost of liability insurance. Without a place to skate, many young people abandoned or grew out of the sport. Those still in it have to search high and low for a place to skate.
At the Tuesday night meeting, insurance agent Chris Johnson told the group that the cost of liability insurance is no longer an issue.
"I'd like to see this project move forward," Johnson tolds the skaters and their supporters. "Insurance shouldn't be an obstacle."
The project holds out hope for these young athletes, whose sport has moved steadily into the mainstream even as it has been banned in their home town.
"I've seen many skate parks come and go," Chad says. "I've been to great skate parks that have stood the test of time, and I've seen some colossal failures."
He is determined to help Crawfordsville skaters build a park that will pass the test of time.
So why is a Wabash math professor, married with two very young children, spending hours with Crawfordsville youth to build a park he and his own children may never use?
"I have a long history in skateboarding," Chad says. "It helped shape the person I am today, and I know how it feels to not have a place to practice. Crawfordsville may not have the excitement of a big city, but we can have this skate park if we work for it.
He sees the project having a deeper and more lasting impact than simply giving them a place to skate.
"I'm a part of this community, and I want to help these kids feel like their community supports them. When I see these kids, I see myself at their age. And then I see who they can be in five, ten, twenty years."
In photo: Westphal presents the first draft of the skate park design to students, teachers, and parents; gathering feedback on the design from the skaters.
William Turner Delivers 3/20/08 Chapel Talk
One of the College's newest tenured faculty members, Dr. William Turner, delivered the March 20 Chapel Talk. Click here to listen to the full podcast.
Barnes Delivers Chapel Talk
Professor of History Emeritus Jim Barnes delivered Thursday's Chapel Talk titled "Twenty Years After." Click here to listen to the entire podcast.
Nutrient Catchers
March 9, 2008 Brent HarrisPosted in Uncategorized
Steve Charles—Since the day I first read about and then published photographs from Dave Krohne's study on the regeneration of Yellowstone after the fires of the 1990s, I've wondered what it would be like to travel with him and his students, to see the world through the lens of this insightful and adventurous ecologist and biology professor. Just reading his work has changed the way I see the natural world. What is it like for his students to see that world alongside him?
I got my wish last week, accompanying Krohne and six students from his Advanced Ecology course to the Everglades. It was the second time I've been invited along on a Wabash spring break immersion trip to chronicle its teachable moments. I came home with the same thought as after the first: If only I'd had this kind of experience when I was a student!
I studied abroad. Twice. And my months living in the parts of Wales that inspired Dylan Thomas's poetry were the most memorable, life-shaping moments of my college career.
But no one else from my school was on the trip, so when I returned to the campus, my classmates were oblivious to my experience. The friends I'd studied with in Wales were now far away.
Not so with Wabash immersion experiences. You travel to places like Chiapas, Israel, Spain, the Everglades, with the professor and students you've been studying with for months. Your common bond—learning about this place or subject. A new culture. Or a work project. Or an ecosystem or living history you've never encountered.
Once onsite, you learn together alongside professors who are learning, too, even as they teach. Not unlike that shared sense of discovery student interns may get with professors in bio, chem., or physics labs. But this laboratory has no control group.
At dinner you digest what you've seen and heard; at breakfast, you wonder what's coming next. You learn the little things about one another you never had time for on campus. New tolerance and new respect arises. As Torm Hustvet wrote in his blog from our trip, "This is an experience that I have learned to love through my immersion trips. I have been able to experience life with classmates in a much more personal fashion and I feel that a trip such as this helps encourage the learning atmosphere of the class following the trip."
So this moveable feast of learning comes back to campus with you. You can relive this new bond whenever you see one another: experiences, stories, even secrets in common.
It's not better than study abroad. Just different. But today I recommend it to incoming students as an essential part of their Wabash experience.
Those of us chronicling these trips learn a little ourselves. Even though our attention is focused on the students' teachable moments, we can't help have a few of our own. It's not unlike the averted glance method of finding hard to see celestial objects: the only way to see what's important is to focus on something away from it, catching the essential object out of the corner of your eye.
Here are a few things I noticed out of the corner of my eye while traveling with Professor Krohne and his six biology students in the Everglades and trying to see the place the way they do:
1. The Everglades is a river of grass—shallow, wide, draining the peninsula from north to south. It's been manhandled, re-directed, polluted, and yet has also been the focus of some of the most loving care men and women have ever showed the planet as they have attempted to restore and manage it. And everything you see is determined by the depth of the water it lives in.
2. It is a fragile system—even during our stay, we learned that nests of the roseate spoonbill, a bird considered a barometer of the health of the Florida Bay, were at their lowest number (272) since 1960. The Everglades protects more endangered species than any other national park.
3. It is a resilient system—we camped at Flamingo, an area ravaged by Hurricanes Katrina and Wilma in 2005, and still rebuilding. But Eco Pond, a premier birding spot and closed until 2006, has sprung back. Much of the wildlife and birds have returned. And lots of moonflowers, as our student, Phil Rushton, discovered. We camped in a place that was under three inches of mud two years ago. Flamingo is the kind of place that makes me think of Krohne's research in Yellowstone after the fires, or of his 2004 LaFollette Lecture "The Geography of Hope", when he said, "I am an optimist because of, not in spite of, my science."
4. The things you'd most likely remove to develop an area are necessary for ensuring survival of that you'd most want to keep. One example: the mangrove. They hog the beaches, are nearly impassable, and are, aesthetically, an acquired taste. But they are miracles. They protect the beaches from erosion. They can survive in salt water; their leaves exude the salt. Their branches are home to many birds, their forests anchors for many spider webs, therefore rich with insect life. Their exposed roots nurture algae, barnacles, oysters, sponges, and provide nutrients that support the areas fisheries. As Annie Dillard writes, " they have shrimp in their toes and terns in their hair."
Dave Krohne calls them "nutrient catchers."
And that's also a good way to describe †these moveable feasts of learning that are beginning to define the Wabash learning experience. Immersion trips are nutrient catchers. Wabash students and professors adapting and learning wherever they take root, no matter how briefly, catching what they can and taking it in to enrich their understanding, their lives, and, in time, the Wabash community.
My lamenting not having had such an experience when I was a student reminds me just now of a conversation several students and I had during the trip. I'm fortunate to call Professor Krohne a friend; I call him by his first name. A couple students remarked how weird that sounded; even long after they've graduated, they said, they can't imagine calling him anything besides "Dr. Krohne." Such is their respect for their teacher, no matter how informal our Everglades gatherings had been.
"I guess you call him 'Dave' because you're not a student," one of the guys said. But that's not true. I am a student. The least knowledgeable in biology on this trip, but still a student. If we're lucky as we get older, we're still learning, still in wonder before the world. As Dave himself quoted in his LaFollette Lecture the environmentalist and writer John Nichols:
"Shadows of malignant scaffolds hold the planet in a very negative net. Yet it can be done. And everything commences by refusing to despair; optimism is my one irrevocable act of faith. My dream is never to let them make me a cynical old man."
Teachers like Dave Krohne and immersion trips like this are a heartening reminder of that act of faith, and an affirmation of the dream many of us old men share.
Read about the Everglades immersion trip here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


At Friday, Eldredge & Clark, we assist all major players involved in design, development, contracting, and ownership of construction projects. We speak the language of the construction industry and thoroughly understand construction legal issues, providing multi-disciplinary assistance with contractual, real estate, and dispute resolution needs. We are a full-service construction law firm, drawing on the capabilities of professionals who have been recognized by The Best Lawyers in America and other authoritative publications and organizations for their skill in serving construction industry clients.
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Whether a project encounters environmental issues concerning permitting, cleanup, or prevention, our firm provides advice and solutions to resolve the issue.
We assist developers in the preparation of documentation for acquisition, financing, and documenting performance standards for construction projects. That includes regularly representing and advising developers during pre-construction, construction, and close out.
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When project owners serve as their own developers, we offer them the full range of transactional, land-use, contractual, and dispute resolution services that developers require. This includes representing municipalities and other government entities as developers/owners of major real estate and construction projects in tandem with private parties.


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Home Actualité internationale World news – Airlines are dangling ultra-cheap fares to make the world...
World news - Airlines are dangling ultra-cheap fares to make the world fly again
World news – Airlines are dangling ultra-cheap fares to make the world fly again
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The nightmare year 2020 brought the aviation industry's first decade of sustained profitability to a standstill. The coronavirus pandemic spread in a turbulent, unprecedented way, leaving air carriers in a deep hole along with a constellation of aerospace manufacturers, airports and leasing companies.
2021 will be a year of transition for a company that handles passengers The equivalent of 208 million trips are carried around the globe every year. At best, the road to the future will be bumpy. Progress towards return depends on the pace of vaccine adoption, access to capital, government policies, and the unpredictability of a virus that is not fully understood. Still, there will be jumps, including the first commercial flights close to space.
Air travel will not see any major boom until vaccines saturate each country's population enough to lower infection rates. Even then, getting some people back on airplanes can take some effort. In Europe, according to Michael O'Leary, CEO of Ryanair Holdings plc, this means tariffs of only 9.99 euros.
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World news – ISL 2020-21 LIVE, SCEB versus KBFC: SC East Bengal dominated Kerala Blasters FC early on
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Other ideas designed to attract travelers include free hotel stays, 2-to-1 deals and free travel insurance.
Travel pass promotions from airlines like China Eastern Airlines Corp, which offer unlimited flights at a single price have proven popular and expanded to this year as online agents offer ultra-cheap travel in China for the next Chinese New Year holiday month. The key question is how long will it take customers to turn these incentives off. An upswing in leisure and family travel is likely to occur in the middle of the year, depending on the region.
More lucrative business transactions will likely decline as companies refuse to send people out on the streets. John Grant, chief analyst at flight booking specialist OAG, says there will be no recovery until enticements are no longer needed and airlines can manage the routes for a profit.
Airlines raised record amounts in 2020. More will be required by 2021. Stock sales and debt conversions will become more prominent as companies try to restore their health records.
The governments that Moody's said paid $ 220 billion in state aid last year will continue to play a role. France and the Netherlands, the largest shareholders in Air France-KLM, are currently negotiating the introduction of billions more euros and converting part of the 10.4 billion euros already borrowed into hybrid debt. Carriers like EasyJet plc are likely to raise more equity while cash burn continues to be an issue, said Daniel Roeska, analyst at Sanford C Bernstein.
Some airlines are in a more desperate position. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA's judicial restructuring plan is based on attracting new investment and would largely abandon the transatlantic low budget business, which is known to be focused on regional services. The creditors of the bankrupt Thai Airways International pcl are expected to consider a rehabilitation plan in February. AirAsia X Bhd, the Malaysian long-haul airline, and Thailand's Nok Airlines pcl are also expected to come up with plans in the coming months.
US airlines will receive $ 15 billion in government aid through March 31 to complete the payment of workers, in addition to $ 25 billion in similar aid provided in 2020. The US Treasury Department has provided billions more in loan form.
Since the pandemic began, dozens of airlines have disappeared or filed for bankruptcy. Others are life sustaining and run the risk of being swallowed by stronger players. In Germany, Deutsche Lufthansa AG is targeting vacation specialist Condor directly by adding routes to sunny locations like Zanzibar and Corfu. Condor, once a Lufthansa unit that survived the failure of then-parent Thomas Cook in 2019, could be a tempting target.
However, some big players like Lufthansa that have accepted bailout packages may be prevented from making purchases as part of the frame to implement state aid packages. In India, Tata Sons Ltd has bought AirAsia Group Bhd's stake in a local joint venture. State-owned Air India is another potential target, possibly through Vistara, Tata's company with Singapore Airlines Ltd. The Air India buyer should « definitely get a lot leaner, » says James Teo, an analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence.
While interest in smaller aircraft is growing, the market for twin-ship aircraft from Airbus SE and Boeing Co is « grim » said aerospace consultant Richard Aboulafia. Sales were down before the outbreak and an excess of used models will dampen demand for years.
Airbus and Boeing, with their long-haul journeys, have higher retirement rates for their largest aircraft in airline fleets and a lack of new orders detected. And there isn't much evidence of encouragement. Boeing is struggling to keep orders for the largest aircraft in the market, the 777-9, which is two years behind schedule. Analysts see further reductions in production rate for the better-selling Boeing 787 – which is also plagued by production Snafus – and the Airbus A350.
According to Sash Tusa, an analyst at Agency Partners, production of the less popular A330 could decrease to a pro Month decrease. The aircraft struggled to attract orders despite a revamped version, with the financial troubles of its largest customer AirAsia X being the most recent blow. Still, analysts predict the program will hobble at lower rates instead of being scrapped.
Big airlines began tackling smaller and smaller goals as the 2019 air travel boom peaked. Now they are dropping new unprofitable routes to contain losses. Fewer flights, smaller planes and reduced city connections are putting a strain on the economies of several tourism-dependent locations.
Part of the withdrawal could continue indefinitely, according to Mr. Grant from the OAG. Long distances that are still in the development phase are particularly at risk. From the end of March, British Airways will permanently cancel 13 long-haul destinations in North America, the Middle East, South Africa and Asia. Cathay Pacific will cease operations in seven locations around the world if losses rise.
Cities like Manchester, England are vulnerable to weaker connections to key markets like China, while flights from Beijing to Lisbon, Barcelona and even Madrid are coming under pressure could if the airlines re-evaluate. Major Middle Eastern airlines like Emirates and Qatar Airways, which carry passengers around the world, are unlikely to close the gaps, Grant said. He says they are serving as many destinations as they can realistically due to the lack of link traffic. « It's more about getting back to pre-Covid capacity and demand. » BLOOMBERG
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-A collection of blog articles on everything other than travel-
Sikhs and the Catalan Referendum
Catalunya and Catalan nationalism
I fell in love with Catalunya the first time that I visited. The people of Catalunya remind me of Panjabis in so many ways. Their openness and welcoming nature is coupled with a fierce independence and cultural identity that is remarkably similar to Panjabis, and Sikhs in particular. The relationship of Catalans with the Spanish state is also similar to the relationship of Panjabis with India. Both regions have elements of a shared history with their respective states, but differences in language and culture effectively make them a nation within a nation.
I returned a number of times to Catalunya, including attending a Summer School at the Barcelona Graduate School of Economics, and each time I felt an increasing attachment with the area. Not only do the Catalan people remind me of Panjab, but the city of Barcelona has a large Panjabi population, and I was surprised to see just how many Sikhs now call the city their home. Even more impressively, I spoke to the Giani of a local Gurdwara who told me that not only do the locals treat them with respect, but they actually attend the Gurdwara in large numbers on weekends as part of yoga retreats where they learn about, and respect the Sikh belief system.
It's this love for Catalunya that had me so interested in the recent Catalan independence referendum, a vote that highlighted to me many similarities with the independence movement for Panjab in India.
Pre-democratic Spain
Present-day Catalunya was historically part of the Crown of Aragon, a larger part of the Kingdom of Aragon, and along with the Kingdom of Castille, it was one of the two major kingdoms of post Reqonquista Spain.
Under the Aragonese, Catalan identify, language and culture was given a significant amount of autonomy and was allowed to flourish. Following Spanish unification in 1469, the Crown of Aragon united with the Kingdom of Castille and power began to move to, and then centralise under, Castilian hegemony. However, Catalan culture continued to develop its own independent identity and the area retained some form of autonomy.
This autonomy was abruptly ended following the War of the Spanish Succession. Considered one of the earliest global wars, the Catalan community threw their weight behind the Habsburg ruling house as opposed to the French Bourbon house. Defeat for the Habsburg family began a period of repression of the Catalan culture, as well as their political autonomy. As the Spanish government began to institute a policy of cultural and political unification, Catalan's ancient civil code and its languages were marginalised.
Despite these restrictions, the Catalan area experienced relatively strong economic growth through the 18th and 19th centuries. The Spanish Colonial Empire gave the region a guaranteed export market, and this benefited an increasingly industrialised Catalunya.
The first modern movement of Catalan nationalism occurred during the latter half of the 19th century and was termed the Renaixenca, or the cultural renaissance. Following the Spanish-American War, Spain lost the last of its American colonial holdings, and Catalunya lost a valuable export market. The entire country was gripped in what was known as the Generation of '98, a time when the Spanish were trying to establish their place in a modern world where their political standing globally had been much reduced since their Golden Age some centuries earlier.
The early part of the movement had its basis in worker's rights and began half a century after the European revolutions of 1848. Individuals such as Valenti Almirall pushed for a more federal, regionally autonomous Spain. This push, and a renewed local interest in Catalan culture and the Catalan language led to the first calls of increased Catalan autonomy within Spain and even outright independence. However, there wasn't a large united Catalan movement, other than the relatively small Estat Catala led by Fransesc Macia. The Catalan's fought between themselves and were split between the socialist revolutionaries, and the more aristocratic, conservative middle to upper classes.
This movement came to an end following the Spanish Civil War. Most autonomous or semi-autonomous communities of Spain fought for the Republican Army, however, the victory of Francisco Franco and his nationalist army led to perhaps the most brutal and repressive of regimes for regional communities. The new government moved to extinguish any local nationalism by cancelling any political autonomy the Catalans had remaining and forcing local schools to adopt standardised Spanish as opposed to the Catalan local language.
The modern independence movement
Following the death of Franco, Spain began a transition to democracy. As part of this transition, the state recognised the existence of autonomous communities and during the 1980s local Catalan institutions began to really develop. The development of local courts, police forces and the proliferation of the Catalan language reached a peak during the summer of 1992 when Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics, therefore projecting the Catalan culture across a world stage.
The 2003 regional elections were a watershed moment in Catalan nationalism and the independence movement. Following two decades of a moderate nationalist government, the Convergencia i Unio, a coalition of left leaning parties formed a government and proceeded to draft a new Statute of Autonomy. This statute was approved by the Spanish Parliament, but crucially, the national government removed three clauses: one relating to finance, another to language, and the third to the definition of Catalunya as a nation. The amended statute was approved, although one of the regional governing partners, the pro-independence Esquerra de Republicana de Catalunya called for a boycott.
The issue achieved further prominence when the national Partido Popular declared the statute as unconstitutional and challenged it in the Spanish High Court. The court agreed that at least 14 of the points were unconstitutional and a further 27 were to be interpreted in a restrictive capacity. This ruling infuriated even moderate Catalans, and the following days saw an unprecedented show of Catalan unity for Catalan culture, with at least one million people protesting the decision.
This ruling and the subsequent outpouring of perceived injustice began years of large scale protests and moves for independence referendums, culminating in the Catalan independence referendum of 2017 where the regional Catalan government declared that voters would have a chance to have their say on the matter.
Catalunya and Panjab
Many parallels can be made between the Panjabi agitation of increased autonomy and that of the Catalans.
Like the Catalans, Panjabis have historically provided national benefits far exceeding their population in terms of economics and military manpower. During the Indian independence movement, 93 out of the 121 Indian freedom fighters hanged by the British were Panjabi Sikhs - this despite making up less than 2% of the entire Indian population. Furthermore, at independence Panjabi Sikh's provided almost 50% of the nation's army officers.
Economically, one of the major reasons for Catalunya's independence push is its relative economic strength, and the frustration that it provides more in tax revenues than it receives. In fact, the Catalan area provides over 25% of Spain's exports, despite making up only 16% of the total population. It is the richest region of a country that has been struggling with economic growth since the financial crisis, and while the area continues to produce, it has found that much of its excess wealth and revenues are being distributed to less well off regions of Spain, much to the frustration of local residents who too have been hit by the global economic slowdown.
These grievances were one of the reasons that the Catalan population reacted so vigorously to the repression of their Statue of Autonomy. That statue would have provided the region with more control over its language, economy and political system within the Spanish nation. However, the failure of the national government to compromise with the regional government turned a movement of autonomy into a movement toward independence.
This mirrors the situation in Panjab. During the 1960s and 1970s, Panjab was known as the breadbasket of India and constantly featured as the richest state in the Indian Union. However, the agitation toward more autonomy began with issues around the economy, language and identity. Panjabis found that their hard earned wealth was not being reinvested into their state, but instead being given to other states, more worryingly, not only was its wealth being diverted but so were its river waters. Water from Panjab's famous rivers was being sent to neighbouring states, whilst Panjab's historically fertile land was beginning to suffer from desertification.
Panjabis also had further grievances. Panjabis spent the first two decades of independence fighting for their linguistic rights as the government moved to create a central, standardised language. Panjabi was eventually given regional importance as a language following the performance of Sikhs and other Panjabis in the Second Indo-Pakistan War. Furthermore, despite being one of the richest states in the Indian Union, Panjab was the only state without its own capital. After losing Lahore to Pakistan, the Indian government promised to build a new capital for Panjab, however, following the Panjabi Suba agitation to divide the state along linguistic lines, the Panjabis ended up sharing their capital, Chandigarh, with neighbouring Haryana.
These grievances led to the Panjabis adopting the Anandpur Sahib Resolution, which similar to the Catalan Statute of Autonomy, asked for more autonomy for Panjab in terms of its local economy, language and political system within a united India. Just as the Spanish national government rejected the moderate Catalan position, the Indian national government also rejected the moderate Panjabi position and therefore turned a movement of autonomy into a movement of independence.
When Panjabis lost their faith in the democratic nature of their government, they began an economic resistance that led to the loss of thousands of Panjabi lives, and a rift that struggles to heal to this day.
Spain and India
The Spanish and Indian governments, like their regional counterparts, are also surprisingly similar.
Spain, with its history of rival kingdoms was always a peninsular of different regions united by a common history. The Iberian peninsular is incredibly beautiful, and Spain has played a significant role in world history, especially during the age of exploration. Its people, in my mind, can be a great force for good, highlighted during a recent trip to Madrid where I was pleasantly surprised to see a large Refugees Welcome banner hanging on a public building. The culture and shared history of the regions that make up modern Spain, with its Arabic, Jewish and European influences make its a unique part of Europe.
Likewise, the Indian Subcontinent is also a mix of different regions, religions and languages, with larger parts of the land having history that is shared between regions and communities. As with the Iberian peninsular, the Indian Subcontinent has played a key role in world history and the area, much like the European Union today, represented a large part of the global economy in pre-western colonial times. It is home to the Hindu culture, a set of beliefs and a religious system that is one of the oldest in the world, producing some of the greatest scientific and philosophical minds in history. It is also the home of Buddhism and Jainism, and has influences of Dravidian, Indo-Aryan, European and Islamic culture.
As with Spain's fragmented history, India as a cohesive, united and sovereign entity is a more recent phenomenon, this time a product of western colonialism. Prior to the arrival of the British, a number of independent states existed. The Mughal Empire controlled vast tracts of the north, although independent states by the Sikhs, Marathas and Rohillas had eroded their power. The south also had powerful kingdoms, Mysore and Hyderabad being amongst the most powerful. This federation of independent states, each with different cultures, languages and even religions was always a patchwork, therefore the movement toward regional autonomy was almost inevitable.
The Christians of Nagaland have long demanded more autonomy, and on the failure of the national government to provide this, have established independence movements to secede from the Indian Union. The Muslims of Kashmir have long harboured dreams of an independent Kashmir State, whilst the Assamese have also had autonomous movements become independent in nature following a refusal of the national government to accept moderate demands of more autonomy.
The response of the Indian state, as well as the regional movements, has followed a pattern. The regional population requests autonomy on their internal matters whilst remaining under Indian rule and the national government rejects their proposals. In response to this disenfranchisement and failure of democracy, the movement becomes more secessionist in nature until they become overtly militant. The government then responds with repressive and sometimes brutal responses that leaves regional communities devastated and their economy's ruined. It's what happened in Nagaland, Assam, Kashmir and Panjab.
The Spanish state also has experience in dealing with separatist movements, the most famous being its long fight against the Basque nationalist movement. The Basque movement toward autonomy took on a militant separatist dynamic when the Euskatdi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) was formed in response to perceived heavy tactics being employed by the Spanish state to shut down Basque nationalism. ETA eventually morphed into an extremely violent paramilitary organisation that, although focused on representatives of the state (police, army etc.) also led to the deaths of many civilians.
However, as with India, the Spanish response to their regional movements for autonomy also forms a similar pattern. The regional population asks for more autonomy in their internal affairs, the state rejects the proposals and the groups morph into independence movements.
In both countries, there is usually that one spark that turns a relatively peaceful autonomous movement, into a more militant separatist direction. For the Panjabis in India that moment was Operation Bluestar in June 1984. The movement that had begun with the moderate Anandpur Sahib Resolution that requested more autonomy within India now became an overtly independent movement, one that was officially proclaimed in the Sarbat Khalsa of 1986. For the Basque people in Spain it was the harsh repression of local culture by Francisco Franco in the 1940s that morphed into the formation of ETA in 1959.
The Spark?
On 1 October, 2017, the people of Catalunya came out in their millions to cast a vote on their independence. It was a situation that Spain could have avoided, had they given the Catalans more devolved local powers earlier.
In the lead up the elections, most opinion polls had Catalan independence at a slight minority. As with the Scottish Referendum, had the Spanish government followed the example of the British government and let the vote go ahead, there was a good chance that Catalans would have voted to remain a part of Spain and the movement for independence would have been greatly reduced. However, the Spanish government made it known that a referendum would be illegal and therefore they would take all measures to ensure that it did not go ahead.
Outraged at the repression of their democratic voices, Catalans arrived in polling stations in their millions. They were met with Spanish police who took a hardline stance, physically interjecting themselves in certain polling stations with the result being altercations across the region.
By the end of the day, almost one thousand Catalans were reported to have been injured in one form or another. Television images showed voters being detained, dragged and beaten by the police force. The regional government, as well as even moderate members of the local population were shocked and outraged. The local government declared the day as the beginning of Catalan independence as voters turned into protestors.
In the Indian Subcontinent, Sikhs gave up their lives for a free and democratic India, they didn't do that to then just fight for independence. The Sikhs were repeatedly promised high levels of autonomy, most famously by India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru who promised "the brave Sikhs of Panjab...can experience the glow of freedom". These broken promises forced the Sikhs to draft the Anandpur Sahib Resolution - just as the Catalans drafted the Statute of Autonomy.
Sikhs believe in unity, and the sacrifice of Panjabis in general during Indian independence is not likely something that they would have found easy to turn their backs on. Borders in general serve only to separate, and the partition of India is still something most Sikh families have memories of.
India is a beautiful country, and an autonomous Panjab would surely find more economic strength within a united India (especially with the track record of Sikh political leaders, both in India and Gurdwaras in the west). However, the opportunity for Panjabis to lead the way in a united India passed with the harsh crackdown during Operation Bluestar and its aftermath which was the spark that led to separatism.
Now, is the response of the Spanish police to the Catalan independence referendum the spark that turns a peaceful movement for increased autonomy into a violent separatist movement? Only time will tell and my hope is that any violence can be avoided.
The fact is Spain, like India, is a beautiful country, and the variety and diversity of its people is a huge positive. Catalunya, for all its differences, adds significant value to Spain, and a united Spain is always going to be more powerful than a divided nation. Catalunya, for all its economic strength, will be more prosperous within a united Spain, should the Spanish accept some of the demands of the protestors. I have many Spanish friends, who would like Catalunya to be a part of Spain, but would also want the Catalans to have their opportunity to take part in their nations democratic system.
However, the question is, following the harsh crackdown by the Spanish police, has that opportunity passed?
Sikhi
Photos used under Creative Commons from Johnny Silvercloud, Nina A. J. G., Michael Vadon


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Source: WebMD
Marijuana May Slow Alzheimer's
Key Marijuana Compound Beats Current
Alzheimer's Drugs in Test-Tube Study
By Daniel DeNoon
Oct. 6, 2006 -- THC, the key compound in marijuana, may also be the key to new drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
That's because the marijuana compound blocks the formation of brain-clogging Alzheimer's plaques better than current Alzheimer's drugs.
The finding -- in test-tube studies -- comes from the lab of Kim Janda, PhD, director of the Worm Institute of Research and Medicine at Scripps Research Institute.
"While we are certainly not advocating the use of illegal drugs, these findings offer convincing evidence that THC possesses remarkable inhibitory qualities, especially when compared to [Alzheimer's drugs] currently available to patients," Janda says in a news release.
"Although our study is far from final, it does show that there is a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism through which THC may directly affect the progression of Alzheimer's disease."
Janda's team found that THC blocks an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, which speeds the formation of amyloid plaque in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease.
The Alzheimer's drugs Aricept and Cognex work by blocking acetylcholinesterase. When tested at double the concentration of THC, Aricept blocked plaque formation only 22% as well as THC, and Cognex blocked plaque formation only 7% as well as THC.
"THC and its analogs may provide an improved [treatment for] both the symptoms and progression of Alzheimer's disease," the researchers conclude.
The findings appear in the Aug. 9 online edition of the journal Molecular Pharmaceutics, a publication of the American Chemical Society.
Spiders On Dope
The Cannabis FAQ
Beer versus Drugs
The Good Drug Guide
A Site for Stoned Eyes
Drugs and the Christian
Highlights and Hashlinks
Molecular Pharmaceutics
Perspectives on Cannabis
Jesus 'healed using cannabis'
Marijuana : Assassin of Youth
Cannabis/marijuana/hemp Hotlinks
Alzheimer's Disease: Resources and Hotlinks


Are we living in an Age of Rage? On ANGER MANAGEMENT WITH NICK CLEGG the former Deputy Prime Minister talks to major guests from across the political and cultural landscape to ask why our world has become so driven by anger – and what is it doing to us?
Is the furious populism that produced Trump and Brexit a passing phase or a new permanent feature of our politics? What's behind the unprecedented rancour spreading through social media? Can objective truth survive in a time of fake news that panders to emotion? And if rage is the opposite of reason, how do we get reason back on top?
Follow ANGER MANAGEMENT WITH NICK CLEGG on Audioboom or subscribe via Apple Podcasts.


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Manchester United Crushing Defeat Knocks Them Out Of Champions League
Home » Blogs » Manchester United Crushing Defeat Knocks Them Out Of Champions League
The Champions League is well and truly underway and with it comes the fight for the top 16. But with some of the best teams in the world all fighting for these converted steps, there are bound to be some that fall through the cracks. In this article, we will be providing you with everything you need to know about the latest Manchester United Results that saw them knocked out of the Champions League.
Manchester United Finish In Top 5 Of The Premier League
Though the 2019 and 2020 season was anything but ordinary as the result of the pandemic, the fight for the top five of the Premier League was still one of the best to come out of football last year. With many twists and turns in it as well as several amazing match-ups, the Premier League saw Manchester United finishing in the Top 5 of the league table giving them their one-way ticket to the Champions League.
However, this did not come without its own challenges. With a poor performance at the beginning of the league, many people were wondering whether or not they would make it into the top 5 to qualify for the tournament at all. However, with several amazing wins towards the end of the season, this superstar squad were able to pull it back to finish in the top 5 of the amazing teams in 2020.
The Qualification Of United For The Champions League
By qualifying within the top five of the Premier League the superstar team of United automatically qualified for the Champions League alongside some of the best teams in the world. However, with teams such as PSG, Juventus and Bayern Munich to name a few, it was certainly looking like a challenge for the team that is not performing at their best throughout the season.
Despite being one of the top-performing teams in the Premier League towards the end of the season, the squad have a lot to do before they can fully win over the trust of the fans and sports bettors once again, meaning an outstanding performance is needed in the Champions League for them to even be considered one of the top competitors.
The Performance In The Champions League In 2020 So Far
Though the bookies and the fans were sceptical of the team's abilities to perform when it really mattered in the Champions League, United started out by winning a majority of the games that they are playing. However, as the performance began to slip again, the trust in the fans begun to slip again. This has had a significant impact on the betting odds for the Champions League as other popular teams such as Manchester City began to see betting odds of 4/1 putting them in contention for the championship, as reflected on different sites.
A Loss Against RB Leipzig
As if the team were not already struggling enough with their performance, the final nail in the coffin was the poor performance against RB Leipzig on the 8th of December. With the team just not playing well enough, they saw a crushing 3-2 defeat against the team that saw them not being able to qualify for the top 16 and move on further in the competition. Though this is upsetting for many of the United fans, it is unsurprising for those that have been following the competition closely as Solskjaer has become the first-ever manager to lose 6 of their 10 first matches.
The Future Of The Teams In The Europa League
Despite their disappointing performance, however, all eyes are on Real Madrid and whether or not they will make it into the top 16 of the Champions League this year. They are yet another team with a lacklustre performance thus far that could land them in the same position as United. Regardless of the outcome, the Europa league us looking to be fierce competition when it starts December 10th. Who do you think will come out on top and do you think Barcelona may be joining the competition?
Whether you have been following the league for a while now or you are a fan of Manchester United and are catching up on all the scores, there is plenty for you to look forward to as we head into another exciting time for football, for both bettors and football fans.
About Football Tripper
Football Tripper is a growing collection of stadium guides and travel information for football fans across the world.
The site features over 1,400 stadiums, and we have made some improvements ahead of the 2020/21 season.


A dinner party isn't complete without spotless cutlery! Use these simple tips to clean silver or stainless steel cutlery.
Britain's culinary reputation is growing and as a nation of budding chefs and food lovers, it's about time we learnt how to present and serve food as well as we make it.
Forget TV suppers and dinners on the go; when someone has taken the time to prepare a meal, it's only right that you take the time to sit down and enjoy it. Sharing meal times with friends and family is one of life's greatest pleasures and with a few simple measures you can elevate your everyday eating experiences to Michelin star standard.
Any house-proud host will know the importance of knowing how to clean cutlery – guests can be particular and no matter how good your cooking is, if you are serving it with a grubby knife and fork there's bound to be complaints. Music, wine, and hospitality may be essential to an enjoyable dinner party but remember, we eat with our eyes and clean cutlery and appealing presentation should not be reserved for the likes of royalty alone.
The iron alloy that comprises stainless steel may be difficult to stain, but it's not resistant to fingerprints and cleaning stainless steel cutlery is therefore no more avoidable than any other knife, fork, or spoon.
First clean your cutlery in hot water and washing up liquid. It's important to remove excess food as quickly as possible after eating as the salt and acids will cause gradual damage.
Hand dry with a clean non-abrasive cloth to remove any water spots. The quicker you dry your cutlery, the better as the open air will cause unwanted natural drying marks.
Natural cleaning solutions such as vinegar, cider, lemon juice, olive oil and soda water all work wonderfully on removing stains from stainless steel. To polish with vinegar or cider, buff your cutlery in a circular motion with a soft damp cloth lightly dampened with cider or undiluted white vinegar. If using soda water, rinse the cutlery in the liquid and dry immediately with a dry non-abrasive cloth. Lemon juice and olive oil can both be applied with a soft dry cloth, gently rubbing away at the stain.
Cleaning silver cutlery might seem old fashioned, but it's just as important now as it ever was. Silver damages easily and you'll need to clean your silver carefully. Dishwashers might save us time but when it comes to silver, they are not your friend – always clean your silver by hand and dry immediately to prevent water stains.
Remove food remains as soon as possible and rinse off any excess grime or residue in warm soapy water. Always use a soft non-abrasive cloth to dry off the silver cutlery, removing any light tarnish with specialist silver metal polishing cloths or anti-tarnish strips. To protect your cutlery and keep it clean for longer, store your silver in cotton bags or wraps.
Although natural remedies are great for cleaning stainless steel, specially formulated products are your best option for cleaning your cutlery. Products like Persil Washing Up Liquid will degrease and remove dirt, restoring a stylish sheen to your best cutlery!


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Formula One now heads for a booming metropolis.
"Turns one, two and three are among my favourite sections in the race calendar. You approach the first turn at high speed, go into it flat out, but then the corner increasingly tightens up and you have to shift right down to second. Making a clean exit will be even more interesting next year when we'll be driving without traction control again. Overall I'm rather fond of this circuit. Although it's so new, the track layout has a natural feel and a character about it. The paddock and the grandstands are also very distinctive and absolutely huge in size. The same goes for a number of buildings in downtown Shanghai, but the ultramodern skyscrapers, hotels and restaurants along the Bund are just part of the picture. In a lot of districts and in the surrounding areas you'll come across grinding poverty. This year my family will be joining me for the Asian tour and I hope we'll find a little time to visit the nicer sides of the city together."
"After Fuji we go straight to China. Last year's Grand Prix was pretty interesting for me with qualifying wet and then touching with Robert Doornbos at the start of the race. I gained a lot of positions but then when the track was drying we put the grooved tyres on too early.
Quite a nice track with, again, a very long straight. Maybe there is an overtaking possibility at the end of the long back straight. This is very long, but it is not easy because before the straight there is a really quick right hand corner and it is always difficult to follow the cars very closely there."
"After the race in Fuji, it's straight on to the Chinese Grand Prix in Shanghai. Back-to-back events like this put quite a strain on the whole team � all the more so when the two consecutive races take place in Asia. It's the logistics personnel above all who feel the pressure. We are looking forward to the penultimate race of the season. The sheer size of the Shanghai complex is unmatched and the track layout is challenging. From the point of view of BMW as a car producer, as well as all our partners, the Chinese Grand Prix holds tremendous commercial interest. It's a market with massive growth potential. In 2006 BMW recorded over 40 percent growth compared with the previous year. BMW also has its own production plant in China where BMW 3 Series and 5 Series models are built."


text:
Q: How can I begin thread in windows using functor as thread function without using C++11 thread? I'm writing a simple thread lib for Windows. I want to pass this functor
struct callable
{
    void operator()()
    {
        for(int i = 0; ;++i)
        {
            std::cout << i << std::endl;
        }
    }
};

In _beginthread() this way:
int main()
{
    callable c;
    _beginthread(c, 0, 0);
}

but it's not possible. The ability to pass functor in the thread is very necessary for my library. I know that boost::thread provides this ability, thus it is possible. How can I begin thread in windows using functor as thread function without using C++11 thread?
[upd] without using C++11 thread

A: The standard technique is as follows:

*

*Define a struct to hold whatever information you need to pass to the thread. In your case that information is the callable functor. So, you already have a suitable struct at hand.

*Allocate one of these structs on the heap. This happens in the calling thread, but the information is passed to the created thread which is why it cannot live on the stack.

*Call CreateThread passing a suitable thread proc (more later), and the address of your struct in the lpParameter parameter.

*In the thread proc, you are passed the address of the struct in lpParameter.

*Cast that pointer to the appropriate type and call your functor.

*Delete the heap allocated memory.

The thread proc looks like this:
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(void *lpParameter)
{
    callable *c = (callable*)lpParameter;
    (*c)();
    delete c;
    return 0;
}

And the call to CreateThread is along these lines:
callable *c = new callable;
// initialise c
CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc, (void*)c, 0, &threadID);

I apologise if there are syntax errors here, I'm not at all fluent in C++.


text:
Alternate Facts: I'm RIGHT…right?
Just a quick observation: I'm deeply intrigued at the number of people who occupied Wall Street, protested the secrecy which shrouded the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations, and railed against Guantanamo who are now longing for the murderous call-it-terror-so-you-can-drone-execute-it regime of President Obama. Giving him the aspirational Nobel Peace prize only to see the expansion of citizen surveillance, contracted murder by remote control, and other horrific acts of treachery hardly validates those who now lament the transparent inhumanity of the Trump Administration. The America that Trump promised to "Make Great" is an America that is illiterate, Evangelical, and "believes" as their primary source of moral confidence. When the Prince of Peace is white, white-robed, wearing the 70s hippy length hair or nailed to a cross – it's no surprise that his sycophants will celebrate the denial of human rights to brown-skinned immigrants from Palestine who were trained in Egyptian schools! Tragically, if you get this last line as a joke, you're admitting a literacy that most of the Trump electorate will find too complex to grasp.
I grew up in a world of RIGHT. There was a RIGHT way to think, act, live, engage in the world. And RIGHT was curiously defined by the selective application of Biblical literalism… almost. Never mind that the Bible itself was codified by the same church that declared modern-day Evangelicals heretics and burned them at the stake, drowned them in rivers, and subjected them to being drawn and quartered. But "divine inspiration" – the same justification that fuels all modern fear-based inhumanity – somehow makes this group of white men sitting in the Mediterranean breezes RIGHT. I could be told the "truth" at church on Sunday about imaginary rules made up by a zealot but would be punished for lying about what I saw or imagined. RIGHT had to be enforced through violence, separation, and isolation.
To say I didn't fit in is the understatement. I was advised against living the way I chose to live. I was warned about the evils of associating with the WRONG people. And off I went and did it anyway. And against the backdrop of RIGHT, I've just crossed a WRONG chasm of my religious upbringing from which there's no return. I've spent the last year formalizing my several year estrangement and separation from my wife of nearly 30 years – a process now finally, mercifully completed. Ironically, I am doing the "RIGHT" thing by doing the "WRONG" thing rightly! Countless women have surrounded the woman I loved and have encouraged her to "stand up for herself" and not tolerate my behavior. Ironically, none of these women – nor any but a few men – saw the life I gave in service to a person who I chose to love and protect. What's RIGHT is their indignation. And now her friends have the facts they need to be RIGHT! I'm the man that "left". That's all her lawyer and her friends need to know despite her reported vain efforts to explain that they may not be integrating all the facts. Whether it's the perversion of divorce or the building of a wall on the Mexico border – the certitude that comes with RIGHT encourages the mindless acquiescence to a consensus of fear, pain, and separation. No dialogue required – we "know" what is RIGHT.
Being RIGHT always comes at a cost. By definition RIGHT dictates a duality in which someone or something "else" is "wrong". RIGHT is incapable of surviving on its own as it takes energy to maintain the vigilance around those who would challenge or the evidence that would contradict. Not surprisingly, RIGHT invites conflict with others who hold their alternative views of RIGHT. I've been intrigued at how many narratives of all-powerful divinities apparently need ardent zealots to keep their worship obsessions sated and their egos inflated enough to stay at their helium-induced remoteness. And RIGHT conveniently obviates the need for that inefficiency called thoughtful conversation and dialogue. RIGHT also extinguishes the impulse to gratitude. Because with RIGHT comes its evil step-child, EXPECTATION. When the "right thing to do" becomes the "expected thing", callous neglect for humanity is just around the corner.
Donald Trump's exercise of Executive Order is precisely what adherents to RIGHT desire. It's far easier to have dictatorial paternalism than to engage in the messiness of thoughtful inquiry. However, like so many sociopaths before, Donald Trump is playing his hand too fast. Because mobs of the RIGHT can get down-right vicious when they stop being pandered to by their overlord. "Hail Messiah" can become "Crucify" in about 3 days, I think. Abortion and immigration in one week? Seriously! This should have been a first 100-days gig – not a first week. Because before long, President Trump is going to have to start doing things that are WRONG. When is an ex-wife or girlfriend going to do the tell-all (maybe even including a salacious abortion story)? Does anyone actually believe that a paid non-disparagement is anything other than the opening bid for a publisher? And when he does, the knives that will be sharpened on his hate-filled friction may very well turn against him. The half-life of RIGHT is only as long as it satiates the ravenous appetite for hatred, fear, and a sense of disempowered victimization. But like every other parasite, RIGHT will consume its host and by the time the host knows it's been had, it moves on leaving an empty shell behind.
What does the notion of RIGHT have to do with the economy? Well, the answer is quite simple. Economies are built on the exchange of value and, at its core, or modern sense of economic value relies on "a willing buyer and willing seller being informed of all the facts." Now, to be certain, no one reading this blog has been fully informed. We know, for example, if you are reading this on an Apple device (computer or iPhone) that the metals contained in your product may be sourced from areas of active genocide as Apple continues to enjoy the dubious commitment not to sign pledges to source metals ethically. And frankly, if you are among my Apple-using friends, you probably don't give a shit about that! You can be informed and, even with the information, you don't care that a 12-year-old is packing an AK-47 and learning to rape and maim so that you can have longer battery life and faster video! You can watch Oliver Stone's Snowden and be indifferent that Google and Facebook are overtly and covertly used by the CIA and countless clandestine organizations to map and target you as a potential threat as long as you get "free wi-fi" at Starbucks. In the interest of saving a buck, you're willing to shop at Walmart paying no heed to the carnage it has done to local community businesses. And frankly, informing yourself would actually take effort, time, and discernment. After all, how do you know what is RIGHT? Am I right?
Let me propose an alternative narrative. I've spent my life traveling the world connecting people who didn't have the means or the opportunity to connect. From the steppes of Mongolia to leprosy communities in Nepal, from volcanic ridges in Papua New Guinea to sweltering monsoons in India, from laboratories in Moscow to Presidential palaces in Iran, I've been able to carry perspective around the world and from that weave an elastic, resilient network of humanity. Vodka bottles became greenhouses, torpedo tubes became essential oil distillation chambers, nuclear technologies were transformed into medical diagnostics not because it was the RIGHT thing to do. It was the suitable thing to do in a fully informed context. That fully-informed context could only be accessed by genuinely loving and respecting the divergence perspectives that make life interesting.
What I found on that journey is that in every instance where my life has made an impact – it's never been because I was RIGHT. It's because I was there and in fellowship with others who were also there. Whether its Trump and his wall or a divorce lawyer and her defense of a woman against me – I'm equally un-phased. Both survive when they're fed fear. Both thrive on "alternate facts". And neither can evidence a better world rendered by their actions. Thankfully, I have been privileged to see the fruit borne of a different approach. One that presumes that eating from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil is just eating fruit! Talking snakes and fiery sword-wielding angels are merely distractors to see if we'll fall for the binary illusion. Trees are just trees. Gardens include weeds. And being naked doesn't mean that anyone has to be ashamed. When you start your cosmology with an imposed lie of separation being RIGHT is the only solace you can hope for. But it's an itchy fig leaf and it makes your bits scratchy. I'll choose life's alternate facts.
In Memoriam: Homage to Martin Luther King, Jr.
"One of the great liabilities of history is that all too many people fail to remain awake through great periods of social change. Every society has its protectors of the status quo and its fraternities of the indifferent who are notorious for sleeping through revolutions. But today, our very survival depends on our ability to stay awake, to adjust to new ideas, to remain vigilant and face the challenge of change. The large house in which we live demands that we transform this world-wide neighborhood into a world-wide brotherhood. Together we must learn to live as brothers or together we will be forced to perish as fools."
"We must work passionately and indefatigably to bridge the gulf between our scientific progress and our moral progress. One of the great problems of mankind is that we suffer from a poverty of the spirit which stands in glaring contrast to our scientific and technological abundance. The richer we have become materially, the poorer we have become morally and spiritually."
"Every man lives in two realms, the internal and the external. The internal is that realm of spiritual ends expressed in art, literature, morals, and religion. The external is that of complex devices, techniques, mechanisms and instrumentalities by means by which we live. Our problem today is that we have allowed the internal to become lost in the external. We have allowed the means by which we live to outdistance the ends for which we live."
- Martin Luther King, Jr. Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community, pg. 172-173. 1967.
Social responsibility – today's sterilized proxy for morality – has become a euphemism for the celebration of not doing what shouldn't have been done in the first place. In a world defined by Kellogg School of Management's Alfred Rappaport and GE's Jack Welch's perversion of "shareholder value" – the notion that enterprise should seek to maximize the distribution of wealth from effort to the rentier of capital – it's no surprise that exceptional behavior is to acquiesce to the notion that enterprise may not harm at the margins and be thus acknowledged as "responsible". Gone is a standard that presumes that, at its core, human endeavor could be built with an exoenergetic-moral structure in which accretive human value is the core mandate for endeavors and that premium non nocere (Do No Harm) is the standard rather than the marginal exception.
Together with my colleagues Bob Kendall, Charles Way, Lee Evans, Pam Cole, Colleen Martin, Aditya Bindra, and Hayden Luse, my inaugural efforts to form America's first large cap Diversity Fund have been quite informative. We've encountered numerous groups who trade on diversity as a moniker for inclusion. I was intrigued when I read the criteria for Thomson Reuters' Diversity & Inclusion Index. Diversity & Inclusion scores favor companies with: a) fewer discrimination, harassment, wage or other published controversies; b) diverse employment meaning percentage of women employed and gender and ethnic board diversity; c) existence of policies for inclusion of flexible working hours and environments for persons with family, health or disability needs; and, d) inclusive training programs. All 24 variables are laudable and basic. But at no point does the D&I Index achieve a value accretive social outcome to advance humanity. It simply states that companies would be well served to recognize humans as humans (tragically necessary, but not value accretive). Now, the great news is that the Thomson Reuter's D&I Index has modeled performance indicating the top 100 companies that score highly on their rating also out-perform their large cap broad market index. In short, being human outperforms operating in callous disregard for humans.
And this is an important step forward. I applaud Thomson for using their platform to promote humanity. On September 29, 2016 I wrote a post Racism in America – Let JusticeRoll Down. In it I discussed our formation of an investment fund that would carry forward our long-standing work around getting serious about racial dissonance in America. What we're seeking to do with our PB Diversity product is to invest in companies that are building Diversity owned and managed businesses. And as our fund manager itself is also diversity owned and managed (women and minorities across the organization), we are living the same values we promote.
We're taking a step beyond the notion that the absence of bad behavior is a cause for celebration or accolade. Our commitment is to invest in companies who source at least 10% of their supply chain from minority owned companies. This acknowledges that value – to have its direct impact on the social challenges we face – must flow beyond discretionary employment and must include flowing capital to businesses which in turn employ diverse people and serve traditionally economically disadvantaged communities. In short, we want the purpose for which we live to be more important than the means which we accumulate.
As we mark the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. and his notion that humanity needs to find a way to end the scourge of corporate sanctioned racism, it's worth noting that U.S. Obama Administration's EXIM Bank supported Exxon-Mobil LNG project in Papua New Guinea's death toll rose again this week. The Melanesian landowner's issue – the non-payment of royalties due them by Exxon. And while millions on social media "stood" with Standing Rock, there's no Facebook campaign, no sit-ins, no public conversation about these deaths of real people. For what reason? Because they're too far away to count and they're invisible.


what was NOT a song in lemonade mouth?
mhm. everyday is not on the soundtrack!
what was hannah/miley's best friend's name?
it's the best of both worlds! her name is lily!
what song plays during this scene from hsm2?
you don't dance??? i know you can.
what is lilo's sister's name?
hey look it's penny proud!
it's mushu, mulan's best friend!


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