text:
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1}
Since the early 2000s, the ASACUSA collaboration carried out a series of
experiments on a low-energy antiproton beam at the AD facility in CERN to
study M1 transitions between sublevels of the hyperfine structure (HFS)
of long-lived states of antiprotonic atoms $^4\mathrm{He}$ \cite{ref1,ref2}
and $^3\mathrm{He}$ \cite{ref3} under the influence of microwave (MW)
irradiation. The experiments were carried out at a low temperature of target
($T\simeq$6 K) by the triple resonance method. At first, the relative
population of the lower HFS states is depleted by a laser pulse, then
the populations of upper and lower groups of HFS states are redistributed by a
resonance MW radiation, and finally the second laser pulse induces antiproton
transition from lower HFS sublevels of the metastable state to short-lived
states that quickly leads to registered annihilation. The main aim of the
experiments was to measure the HFS splitting and to determine related
fundamental antiproton characteristics. Along with this, the experiments give
data on effect of medium on relaxation of HFS populations, collisional shifts
and broadening of the spectral lines of M1 transitions induced by MW radiation.

In the papers \cite{ref4,ref5}, these effects were considered in the framework of
the model  interaction between $(\mathrm{\bar{p} He}^+)$ and $\mathrm{He}$
that includes scalar and tensor terms of the potential having a
correct behaviour ($\sim 1/R^6$) at large distances and repulsion at small
distances ($R\lesssim 1\, a.u.$). With a suitable choice of parameters, this
model allows to describe the experimental data on the relaxation and collisional
effects. However, this approach seems insufficient or incomplete due to an
uncertainty in the choice of possible specific shape of the potential and its
parameters for different states of $\bar{p}$-atom.

In this work, interaction between thermalized antiprotonic
$(\mathrm{\bar{p}}^4\mathrm{He}^{+})$ atom  and ordinary $^4\mathrm{He}$ atom
is described by an \emph{ab initio} potential energy surface (PES) calculated
in the framework of unrestricted Hartree-Fock method with account for electron
correlations in the second-order perturbation theory (MP2). In the system
under consideration, one of the centers (antiproton) has a negative charge.
Therefore, an application of conventional quantum chemistry methods of PES
calculations to this system requires some modification and additional tests of
the calculation accuracy. An analysis of these issues will be presented in a
more detailed publication. With the obtained potentials, we solve the close
coupling equations in the space of HFS states, find S-matrix and calculate the
elementary collision characteristics (cross sections and rates of transitions
between HFS sublevels, shifts and broadening of M1 spectral lines). Then,
using these values, we solve the quantum kinetic equation (master equation),
which determines the time evolution of the spin density matrix of HFS states in
the presence of MW radiation. The results are compared with experimental data
\cite{ref1,ref2} and model calculations.

\section{Potential energy surface and $\mathbf{(\bar{p}He^+) - He}$ interaction
 potentials} \label{sec2}

The system consists of three heavy particles and three electrons. Denote by
$m_\mathrm{\bar{p}}$, $M_a$, $M_b$ and $\mathbf{r}_\mathrm{\bar{p}}$,
$\mathbf{R}_a$, $\mathbf{R}_b$ masses and coordinates of antiproton,
nucleus $a$ (in $ \bar{p}$-atom) and helium atom, respectively. The coordinates
of He atom and of nucleus $b$ coincides with the accuracy of order $m_e/M_b$.
Let us introduce Jacobi coordinates of heavy particles: $\mathbf{r}=
\mathbf{r}_\mathrm{\bar{p}}-\mathbf{R}_a$ and
$\mathbf{R}=\mathbf{R }_b - (\lambda \mathbf{r}_\mathrm{\bar{p}}+\nu \mathbf{R}_a)$,
where $\lambda =  M_a/(M_a + m_\mathrm{\bar{p}})$,
$\nu = m_\mathrm{\bar{p}}/(M_a + m_\mathrm{\bar{p}})$.
Heavy particles move much slower than electrons, so we can use an adiabatic
approximation and present the interaction energy between antiprotonic and
ordinary atoms as
 \begin{equation} \label{eq1}
 V(r, R, \cos\theta) = 4/|\mathbf{R} + \nu \mathbf{r}| -
2/|\mathbf{R} - \lambda \mathbf{r}| + E_e(r, R, \cos\theta) - E(\mathrm{He
}) - E(\mathrm{\bar{p}He}^+),
\end{equation}
where two first terms are Coulomb interactions of nucleus $b$
with nucleus $a$ and antiproton, $E(\mathrm{He})$ and $E(\mathrm{\bar{p}He}^+)$
are internal energies of isolated subsystems,
$\cos\theta=(\mathbf{R\cdot r})/Rr$. The energy of three electrons
$E_e(r, R, \cos\theta)$, as well as internal energies of antiprotonic
and ordinary atoms were calculated in unrestricted Hartree-Fock
approximation taking into account electron-electron correlations in the
second-order perturbation theory. An extended set of molecular basis functions
aug-cc-pV5Z \cite{ref6} was used, taking into account correlations and valence
polarization, with parameters from \cite{ref7}. Electronic orbitals were
centred on $a$ and $b$ nuclei.
Numerical calculations were performed using an original program based on the RI
("resolution of identity") method for computing of the
integrals of electron-electron interactions, which significantly reduces the
computational cost in Hartree-Fock approximation when considering large
systems or systems with a large number of configurations \cite{ref8,ref9}.

To highlight the angular dependence of $V(r,R,\cos\theta)$ we expand it in a
series of Legendre polynomials
\begin{equation} \label{eq2}
V(r,R,\cos\theta) = \sum^\infty_{k=0} V^k(r,R) P_k (\cos\theta),
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation} \label{eq3}
V^k(r,R) =(k+1/2)\int^{1}_{-1}V(r,R, t)P_k (t)dt.
\end{equation}
The performed calculations show that Eq. \eqref{eq1} at $R\gtrsim r$ depends
weakly on $\cos\theta$, therefore for considering of thermal collisions, we can
restrict the series \eqref{eq2} by the lowest multipoles.

Antiproton quantum numbers $n,L$ do not change in the transitions between HFS
states, therefore it is convenient to introduce averaged values
\begin{equation} \label{eq4}
V^k_{nL}(R) = \int^\infty_0V^k(r,R) u^2_{nL}(r)r^2dr,
\end{equation}
where $u_{nL}(r)$ is a radial wave functions of antiproton, which is calculated
within the same approximations as the energy $E(\mathrm{\bar{p}He}^+)$ in Eq.
\eqref{eq1}.

Splitting of the levels of $(\mathrm{\bar{p}^4He}^+)_{nL}$ atom into 4 HFS
sublevels arises due to interaction of magnetic momenta associated with
orbital angular momentum $\mathbf{L}$ and spins of electron ($\mathbf{s}_e$)
and of antiproton ($\mathbf{s}_{\bar{p}}$). It follows from the calculations
\cite{ref10,ref11} that the HFS states can be characterized approximately by
quantum numbers $F=L\pm s_e$,  $J=F\pm s_{\bar{p}}$. Corresponding spin-angle
functions $|Ls_e(F)s_{\bar{p}}JM\rangle$ are obtained by the vector coupling
of the momenta $\mathbf{L} +\mathbf{s}_e=\mathbf{F},\quad
\mathbf{F} + \mathbf{s_{\bar{p}}}=\mathbf{J}$.
For brevity sake, we enumerate these states at fixed $n,\,L$ in accordance
with the energy position  ($\epsilon_1<\epsilon_2<\epsilon_3<\epsilon_4$),
\begin{equation} \label{eq5}
\begin{split}
|1\rangle &= |F=L+1/2, J=F-1/2=L \rangle, \\
|2\rangle &= |F=L+1/2, J=F+1/2=L+1 \rangle, \\
|3\rangle &= |F=L-1/2, J=F-1/2=L-1 \rangle, \\
|4\rangle &= |F=L-1/2, J=F+1/2=L \rangle. \\
\end{split}
\end{equation}
Matrix of potentials for transitions between HFS states in collisions of
$\bar{p}$-atom with $^4\mathrm{He}$ atom with account for lowest
multipoles up to $k=2$ in Eq. \eqref{eq2} can be written as
 \begin{equation} \label{eq6}
V_{cc'}(R) = V^0_{nL}(R) \delta_{cc'}+V^2_{nL}(R) \cdot
\langle L s_e(F) s_{\bar{p}}(J)l:j|P_2(\cos\theta)| L s_e(F') s_{\bar{p
}}(J')l':j\rangle
\end{equation}
where multi-index $c$  includes quantum numbers of the state ($n,L,F,J$),
as well as orbital angular momentum $l$ of the relative motion of subsystems
and total angular momentum $j$ of the whole system. The spin-angular matrix
element in \eqref{eq6} is expressed by standard methods in terms of $3j$ and
$6j$-symbols. Matrix potential \eqref{eq6} has the same structure as the
model \cite {ref4, ref5}, but functions $V^0_{nL}(R)$ and $V^2_{nL}(R)$ can
differ from model ones.
Radial dependence of monopole terms of model and \emph{ab initio} potentials for
interaction between $(\bar{p}\mathrm{He}^+)_{37,35}$ and ordinary $^4\mathrm{He}$
atom is shown in Fig. 1. At large distances, these potentials coincide, but
the repulsion and minimum regions of the model potential are shifted toward
smaller distances, and the well depth is greater than that of the
\emph{ab initio} potential.

\begin{figure}[thb]
\begin{center}
	\includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{fig1_BiKoYu.eps}
	\caption{Radial dependence of monopole terms of model and \emph{ab initio}
potentials for interaction between $(\bar{p}\mathrm{He}^+)_{37,35}$ and
ordinary $^4\mathrm{He}$ atom.}
	\end{center}
	\label{fig1}
	\end{figure}

\section{Elementary characteristics of collisions} \label{sec3}

To obtain cross sections of transitions between HFS states, shifts and
broadening of M1 lines induced by MW pulse, we solve numerically a quantum
problem of coupled channels with different $F,J$ at fixed $n,L$.
After separating the spin and angular variables, the system of equations for
radial wave functions $Z_c(R)$ of relative motion of the subsystems takes the
following form
\begin{equation}\label{eq7}
Z_c''(R)+[k_c^2+l_c(l_c+1)/R^2]Z_c(R) = 2M\sum_{c'}V_{cc'}(R)Z_{c'}(R),
\end{equation}
where $k_c=\sqrt{2M(E +\epsilon_i-\epsilon_c)}$, $M$ is a reduced mass of
colliding subsystems, $E$ is a kinetic energy in input channel, $\epsilon_i$
and $\epsilon_c$ are energies of HFS sublevels in the input channel
$i$ and in a channel $c$. Matrix of the potentials $V_{cc'}(R)$ is
determined by Eq. \eqref{eq6}.

Cross sections and transition rates were calculated using standard formulas
\begin{align}
\sigma(FJ\rightarrow F'J') & =\frac{\pi}{k_i^2} \sum_{jll'}
\frac{2j+1}{2J+1} \cdot\left|\delta_{FF'} \delta_{JJ'} \delta_{ll'} -
\langle F'J'l'|S^j|FJl\rangle \right|^2,
 \label{eq8} \\
\label{eq9}
\lambda(FJ\rightarrow F'J') & =  N\big\langle v \sigma(FJ\rightarrow F'J')
\big\rangle,
\end{align}
where $N$ is atomic density of the medium; the outer angular brackets in
\eqref{eq9}  mean averaging over thermal motion of the colliding atoms.
Shift and broadening of M1 line for $F_1 J_1\rightarrow F_2 J_2$ transition
can be considered according to \cite{ref12}, Eq. (59.98). In our notations, this
equation has the following form:
\begin{multline}\label{eq10}
\gamma + \mathrm{i}\Delta = N\pi \sum_{ll'j_1j_2}
(2j_1+1)(2j_2+1)(-1)^{l+l'} \cdot \left\{\begin{matrix} j_1 & j_2 & 1 \\ J_2 &
 J_1 & l \end{matrix}\right\}
\left\{\begin{matrix} j_1 & j_2 & 1 \\ J_2 & J_1 & l'\end{matrix}\right\}
\\ \cdot  \big\langle
vk^{-2}\bigl[ \delta_{ll'} -  \langle nLF_1J_1 l'|S^{j_1}_I|nLF_1J_1 l \rangle
 \cdot  \langle nLF_2J_2 l'|S^{j_2}_{II}|nLF_2J_2 l\rangle ^* \bigr]
\big\rangle  ,
\end{multline}
where $S_I$- and $S_{II}$-matrixes refer to collisions before and after M1
transition $F_1 J_1 \rightarrow F_2 J_2$.
Table \ref{tab1} shows transition rate constants $\langle\sigma v\rangle$,
per-atom shifts $\Delta/N$ and broadenings $\gamma/N$ for transition
$2 \rightarrow 4$ ($n,L=37,35$), calculated with model potential \cite{ref4}
and \emph{ab initio} potential
\eqref{eq5}, at the medium temperature $T=6\,K$. It is seen that
the values obtained with \emph{ab initio} potential are several times smaller
than those obtained with the model potential. The main reason for this
difference is related to the difference in the behaviour of potentials noted
above in the discussion of Fig. \ref{fig1}.
The rates of collisional transitions between HFS states are not directly
measured in the existing experiments. The calculated shifts of M1 lines are very
small that does not contradict to data in the Refs. \cite{ref1, ref2}, according to
which the shifts are much less than the measurement accuracy of the line
frequency.
The value of the collisional broadening of the line constitutes only a small
part of the observed width. The main contribution to the width is provided by
'Fourier broadening', determined by a finite time of the microwave irradiation
\cite{ref1, ref2}. However, the mentioned experiments to measure HFS splitting
give also dependencies of the relative magnitude of the annihilation signal on
the MW frequency and on the delay time of second laser pulse.
For a theoretical description of these quantities, let us consider time
evolution of the spin density matrix of HFS states and its dependence on the MW
frequency.

\begin{table}
\begin{center}
\caption{Transition rate constants $\langle\sigma v\rangle$ and per-atom shifts
$\Delta/N$ and broadenings $\gamma/N$ for transition
$2\rightarrow 4$ ($n,L=37,35$) with model and \emph{ab initio} potentials at
$T=6\, K$. All quantities are given in atomic units.} \label{tab1}
\vspace{2mm}
\begin{tabular}{lccc}\hline
	& $\langle\sigma v\rangle$ $\times$ $10^7$ & $(\Delta/N)\times 10^9$ & $(\gamma/N)\times 10^7$\\ \hline
	model & 4.46 & 40.53 & 12.03\\
	ab initio & 1.11 & 6.64 & 2.03\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\section{Time evolution of spin density matrix of HFS states} \label{sec4}

The basic quantum kinetic equation (Master Equation) \cite{ref13} for our
task can be represented as follows
\begin{equation} \label{eq11}
\frac{d\rho_{ij}(t)}{dt} =
-(\mathrm{i}\omega_{ij}+\lambda_r)\rho_{ij}(t) - \mathrm{i}
\left[V(t),\rho(t) \right]_{ij} + \sum_{km} R_{ijkm} \rho_{km}(t)
+\delta_{ij}\beta_i,
\end{equation}
where indices $i,j,k,m$ are the numbers of HFS states of the system,
$\omega_{ij}=\epsilon_i - \epsilon_j$,
$\lambda_r$ is the spontaneous (radiative) decay rate of $(n,L)$-state of the
antiproton atom, $V(t)$ is an external microwave field, $\beta_i$ is a
refilling rate of HFS state due to transitions from higher states to $(n,L)$
level. The relaxation term on the right-hand side \eqref{eq11}, containing matrix
$R_{ijkm}$, takes into account effects of collisions between  $\bar{p}$-atom and
atoms of the medium on an evolution of the density matrix of HFS states. In the
secular approximation \cite{ref13}, nonzero elements of the relaxation matrix
are only those that satisfy the condition $\omega_{ij}=\omega_{km}$ that leads
to time independence of the relaxation matrix. Thus, in short form:
\begin{equation} \label{eq12}
R_{ijkm}= - \lambda_i\delta_{ij}\delta_{km}\delta_{ik} +
\lambda(k\rightarrow i)\delta_{ij}\delta_{km}(1-\delta_{ik}) - (\gamma_{ij} +
\mathrm{i}\Delta_{ij})\delta_{ik}\delta_{jm}(1-\delta_{ij}),
\end{equation}
where $\lambda_i = \sum_{f\neq i} \lambda(i\rightarrow f)$. Substituting
\eqref{eq12} into \eqref{eq11}, we make sure that
$(\Delta_{ij}- \mathrm{i}\gamma_{ij})$ can be treated as a complex shift of the
frequency  $\omega_{ij}$, and $\gamma_{ij}$ provides line
broadening $i\rightarrow j$ due to collisions.

Interaction of the system with an external MW field has the following form:
\begin{equation} \label{eq13}
V_{ij} (t)=-(\mu_z )_{ij} B_0 \cos\omega t,
\end{equation}
where $\mu_z$ is an magnetic moment operator of the $\bar{p}$-atom,  and $B_0$
is a magnetic field intensity. Assuming that the frequency detuning is small
($|\omega-\omega_{ij}|\ll \omega$)
we use the "rotating field" approximation \cite{ref13} in Eq. \eqref{eq11}, that
allows to neglect by rapidly oscillating terms in interaction representation,
and, in particular, to omit the diagonal components of interaction with the
alternating field.

Until the first laser pulse, the relative populations of HFS sublevels are
proportional to their statistical weights $(2J+1)/4(2L+1)\simeq 1/4$ (for $L
\gg 1) $. After that, at the initial time, two lower sublevels are depleted
by $\varepsilon$, and the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix remain
zero. At this moment, the action of MW radiation begins. Therefore, we can
take initial conditions for Eq. \eqref{eq11} as
\begin{equation} \label{eq14}
\rho_{ij}(t=0) =(1/4) \delta_{ij} \big[1-\varepsilon(\delta_{i1} + \delta_{i2}
) \big].
\end{equation}
Value $\beta_i$ is also proportional to the statistical weight of HFS state,
$\beta_i\simeq \beta_{tot}/4$. We assume that the full refilling rate
 of ($n,L$)-state  is equal to the rate of its radiative decay,
$\beta_{tot}=\lambda_r$ that compatible qualitatively with indirect
experimental results. In the calculations for state $(n,L)$= (37,35),
value $\lambda_r = 7.15 \times 10^5$ $s^{-1}$ \cite{ref14} was used.

\begin{figure}[thb]
\begin{center}
	\includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{fig2_BiKoYu.eps}
	\caption{Dependence of relative annihilation signal on delay time
of second laser pulse from the calculations with model and \emph{ab initio}
potentials, and from experimental data.}
\end{center}
	\label{fig2}
\end{figure}

Fig. 2 shows dependence of the relative values of annihilation signals on
the time of the second laser pulse from the calculations with model and \emph{ab initio} interaction potentials as well as from experimental data. The
degree of depopulation $\varepsilon$ by the primary laser pulse was used as a
free parameter. It was chosen from the condition that the calculated
relative value of the annihilation signal is equal to experimental one at a
delay time of the second laser pulse of $t = 350\, ns$, corresponding to the
best experimental statistics. We adopt $\varepsilon = 0.65$ and $\varepsilon=
0.5$ in the calculations with model and \emph{ab initio} potentials, respectively.
All calculated values agree fairly well with the experimental data, although
the results of model calculations for the delay time dependence are in general
somewhat closer to the measured ones due to free fitting model parameters.

\section{Conclusion} \label{sec5}

Application of potential energy surface to interaction between
$(\mathrm{\bar{p} He}^+)$ and $\mathrm{He}$ atoms allows to consider
effects of collisions on the transitions between HFS states of $\bar{p}$-atom in
a low-temperature medium without introducing a model interaction that involves a
controversial choice of some detailed form and parameters of the potential.
Moreover, the approach using PES allows to consider without model also transitions of
$\bar{p}$-atom with change of quantum numbers $n,L$, especially most interesting
collisional Stark transitions $L\rightarrow L'$.

The results shown above refer to HFS states at $n,L=37,35$ that were studied
experimentally in most details. Results for different $n,L$ and for two
isotopic targets ($^4\mathrm{He}$ and $^3\mathrm{He}$), as well as a detailed
comparison with experimental data will be published separately.

One of the authors (G.K.) is thankful to T. Yamazaki, R. Hayano, and E.
Widmann for drawing our attention to the issues under consideration and for
helpful discussions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
24 June 2020 / SF News / Jay Barmann
Concord Nursing Home Outbreak Claims 15 Lives and Counting, Including One Staff Member
A coronavirus outbreak at the San Miguel Villa nursing home in Concord has elder care experts renewing calls for increased state-level oversight of nursing home operations during this pandemic.
A total of 75 people have had confirmed infections at the nursing facility, and 15 people there have already died from the virus, including 14 elderly residents and one staff member. It's now the biggest outbreak at a skilled nursing facility in the Bay Area since early May, when a nursing home in Vallejo had 102 infections that resulted in 16 deaths — an outbreak that has relatives of residents calling for the facility to be shut down. Similar outbreaks have happened at nursing homes in San Francisco, Pacifica, Oakland, Hayward, Orinda, Millbrae, and elsewhere — and a total of 125 nursing homes have been impacted in the Bay Area alone.
As the Chronicle reports, San Miguel Villa has refused to speak to the press about the outbreak, and we're only now learning that this is the cause for the uptick in deaths in Contra Costa County over the last two weeks — a total of 18 new deaths since June 15th, with six reported on Saturday alone.
The outbreak was only known to the press thanks to the state's data portal on nursing facilities, which showed that 62 residents and 13 staffers had been infected. As the Mercury News reports, at least 45 residents still have active infections at San Miguel, which has a total of 190 beds.
The state Health Services Department intervened to help Contra Costa County's health department manage the outbreak after they were called in on May 22, according the Chronicle.
Under state guidelines issued at the start of the pandemic, all nursing homes must have an infection mitigation plan, and all are required to complete baseline testing of all residents and staff by June 30. But a UCSF expert tells the Chronicle that some facilities are still lagging behind in completing this step.
In San Francisco, all 21 nursing homes are undergoing biweekly testing of all residents and staff as of early May.
The problem persisting across the state is that staff members are bringing the virus into the facilities, most of which have been under lockdown with no visitors since March. "Where we've seen a lot of the spread is when staff in these low-wage jobs are having to work in multiple facilities to ensure their financial stability, without benefits that don't necessarily allow them to have sick leave," says Dr. Sara Levin, deputy health officer for Contra Costa County, speaking to the Mercury News.
Charlene Harrington, a professor in the UCSF School of Nursing, tells the Chronicle, "We are still not on top of the problem. How can this happen right under everybody's nose? It can only happen if there is nobody out there monitoring the facilities." Harrington and others contend that state oversight of nursing homes has always been lax and lacking in proper penalties.
And, indeed, San Miguel Villa is rated "much above average" according to data from Medicaid, despite state inspectors having found 36 "deficiencies" there over the past three years, per the Merc. Those deficiencies included issues with controlling the spread of infection.
Photo via Yelp
Queer Nightlife Fund Raises $300K in 2020, Still Accepting Donations To Support Workers in 2021
Now-Empty Cliff House Property Vandalized With Graffiti After Iconic Sign Comes Down
Saturday Links: 4.3M Earthquake Rocks Monterey County
As Expected, Outside Lands Cancels For 2020, Will Return In August 2021
As was widely expected given, well, everything, Outside Lands has officially canceled this year's festival in Golden Gate Park. Organizers say it will return next August with the same lineup that had been leaked back in April, including Lizzo, Tame Impala, and The Strokes.
Humpday Headlines: State AG Declines to Investigate Vallejo Police Shooting
California had its highest one-day uptick in COVID-19 cases yesterday, the SF Board of Ed just voted to defund the police, that Antioch officer has apologized about the protester-slapping comment, and the Trump Organization may be selling its stake in 555 California.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Station Lipa is een spoorwegstation in de Poolse plaats Lipa.

Lipa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Three Types of Celebrity Worship
Summary: Is celebrity worship a mental abnormality? This is essay is about the different sets of attitudes and behaviors associated with celebrity worship or celebrity obsession.
Admiring celebrities is a normal part of growing and learning among the young and the adolescent, but in some it assumes abnormal and extreme proportions, whereby they become excessively attached or obsessed with their favorite celebrities, which is considered a delusional disorder with sexual or erotic connotations. This type of obsessive behavior is popularly known as celebrity worship or celebrity obsession.
The celebrity can be anyone who catches people's imagination, a film star, singer, politician, businessman, a spiritual guru or even a porn star. Celebrity worship is more visible when the object of such worship is a secular person such as a singer or a film star, but when a celebrity guru is involved, then it may become camouflaged as mystical adoration or spiritual worship. The fact is there is hardly any distinction between the two when the celebrity guru thrives on his followers' weaknesses rather than his spiritual merit.
It is not known how many people are affected by celebrity worship syndrome, but it is prevalent enough to catch the attention of behavioral scientists and even of general public in many parts of the world. However, the problem has not yet been studied that extensively due to the problems involved in conducting surveys and field studies on the subject. Besides, there can be many social and cultural factors and variables which may influence this particular behavior among different people in different regions of the world.
Celebrity worship is a rather abnormal and compulsive mental state, caused by ego-identification or absorption, in which the subject not only feels emotional or sexual or romantic affinity with the celebrity but also experiences oneness or unity at some level. It may take many forms in people, ranging from mild to severe. In extreme cases, which has been reported on many occasions in India, it can seriously affect the mental state of a person, so much so that it may lead to suicide if the celebrity dies or faces a serious personal or political crisis in public life.
Types of celebrity obsession
The extreme form of celebrity worship is the stalking behavior, which is well reported in recent times due to the growing incidence of celebrity stalking. John D. Moore, author of Confusing Love with Obsession, identified (2013) three types of celebrity stalking, namely Simple Obsessional, Love Obsessional and Erotomanic. In the first, the stalker becomes excessively interested in the celebrity due to personal problems such as inability to form relationships, social awkwardness, feelings of inferiority, low self-esteem, insecurity, etc.
In the second type, the stalker develops love obsession with the celebrity and believes that he or she is in a real relationship without any basis in reality. Such delusional behavior may arise due to abnormal mental conditions such as schizophrenia or paranoia or depression. In the third, the stalker seriously believes that the celebrity is in love with him or her. This behavior is said to be more prevalent among women, and as in the previous case it may arise due to the same abnormal mental conditions.
There is another type of stalking, which is not studied, but which is widely reported by the media in some parts of India. It is the stalking of the critics and the opponents of a celebrity by his or her obsessed followers with an intent to harm them or silence them as a show of loyalty or admiration. This is prevalent in the South, especially in Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu and noticeable on social networks also.
Psychologists John Maltby, James Houron and Lynn E. Mccutcheon published a research paper on the attitudes and behaviors that are associated with celebrity worship, based upon a study which they conducted using a 34-item Celebrity Attitude Scale among two sample groups consisting both males and females from a "number of workplaces and community groups. The first group was predominantly single persons, and the second group was predominantly married people.
For the purpose of their study, they identified "three increasingly more extreme sets of attitudes and behaviors associated with celebrity worship," namely entertainment-social, intensely-personal and borderline-pathological. In lay people's terms, we may respectively call them mild, intermediate and extreme forms of celebrity worship. The personality traits of each are discussed below
Mild celebrity obsession for social entertainment
This is a simple or mild form of celebrity obsession, in which people take particular liking or admiration for certain celebrities due to their exceptional qualities, charisma, talents, appearance, sex appeal, success, popularity, or their "ability to capture attention." They may spend time talking about them, discussing about them, following them on social networks, watching their programs on television or following the news of their activities and private lives. Their obsession may also take other forms such as mirroring or imitating their behavior, mannerisms, dress habits, etc.
This form of celebrity obsession is mostly prevalent among the young and the adolescent, as they are easily impressionable and are mostly in the process of self-discovery. The celebrities may appeal to their rebellious nature or give them the impression of being trend setters. Extroversion is considered to be a main driving force. The obsession may not seriously interfere with their normal lives, but it may put them through a roller coaster of emotions and cause a few headaches to their parents, friends, family and peers.
In some it may trigger unhealthy habits, poor eating choices, low self-esteem, body image issues, etc. However, we know that everyone is a fan of someone at some stage in life, but in many cases, it does not become an obsession. Even if it is, it remains temporary. Most people grow out of it, as they and their circumstances change and they develop new interests and attachments. A few remain stuck as if they have never grown up.
Intermediate level of celebrity worship
What begins as mild or simple admiration may morph into more serious and intensely personal celebrity worship in some due to neurotic and abnormal obsession, whereby they feel connected to their favorite celebrities and believe they are in relationship with them. They may feel that they are their soul mates, about whom they cannot stop thinking or imagining. Their obsessive and compulsive thoughts about them may be due to strong ego-identification or absorption and other psychological factors.
Disassociation is another important psychological condition found in those who are prone to intensely personal celebrity obsession. Because of their delusional thinking, they become detached from their own feelings, problems and reality and vicariously experience oneness with the celebrities, viewing their joys and sorrows and failures and successes as their own. As a result, they may spend time daydreaming and fantasizing about them. Some may undergo cosmetic surgery or change their lifestyle or dress habits to feel a further affinity with the celebrity.
Extreme level of celebrity obsession
This is also known as borderline-pathological celebrity obsession, in which the fans may experience extreme love and loyalty to the celebrities and may go to great lengths to reinforce those feelings. Their socio-pathological attitude is reflected in their delusional thinking and behavior. Some may keep a collection of products and memorabilia associated with the celebrities or used by them. Some may show willingness to make personal sacrifices to prove their loyalty and commitment or express their love and obsession. A few may become psychotic and engage in stalking and other forms of criminal behavior.
Although no studies are yet done, it seems very likely that psychotic celebrity obsession may lead to suicidal tendencies in some. In most cases, extreme, celebrity obsession seems be the result rather than a cause of mental abnormality. Those who are already predisposed to schizophrenia, paranoia, depression or bipolar disorder may become extremely obsessed with celebrities if they develop a particular liking for them and fantasize about being in love with them. In their delusional and hallucinating states they may believe that they are in secret communication with the celebrity through coded messages or the celebrity is scheming against them for some ulterior purpose to harm them or punish them.
Celebrity worship or obsession is a one-sided affair. Celebrities benefit from their fan following as it contributes to their popularity and commercial success, while the fans derive no apparent benefit other than a little ego satisfaction or entertainment. It is also an unequal and unfulfilling relationship. In many ways it is an illusion or a delusion, because the relationship is imaginary and with the image or impression of the celebrity rather than the real person. Therefore, at some point it is bound to open one's eyes, break the heart and cause disappointment.
Additional Reading on the Subject
1. Why People Worship Celebrities and Film Stars?
2. Guru Worship and Celebrity Worship
3. Celebrity Worship and Social Psychology
Ascetic Traditions and Practices in Hinduism
What Is the Advantage of Meeting Holy Men?
Why do people go to Gurus?
Hinduism - Sex and Gurus
Sex and Spirituality In the Upanishads
The Basis of Morality in Hinduism
The Meaning and Significance of Guru in Hinduism
Bhagavadgita In Business Management
The Tradition Of Gurus and Gurukulas in Hinduism
Spiritual Mastesm Gurus, Babas, and Saints of Hinduism
Spiritual Gurus and Saints of Hinduism, India and the World
Tantra and Tantric Rituals of Hinduism and Buddhism
The Idealism of a True Devotee in Hinduism
Some Thoughts on Image Worship or Idol Worship in Hinduism
Essential Guide to Fasting For Hindus
The Concept of Sin in Hinduism
Awakening Your Mind and Body To Higher Consciousness
Natural Evolution Vs. Spiritual Evolution
Morality and Nature in Good Vs. Evil
Theism and Atheism in Hinduism
Disclaimer: This is not a scientific paper. The material for this essay has been drawn from various sources, and partly from author's observations, and intended for information purposes only. Research in this subject is limited. More studies are required to understand the magnitude of celebrity worship or celebrity obsession, and the attitudes and behaviors associated with it.


text:
Look at That Building!
Scot Ritchie
Kids Can Press Limited
Learning about buildings and how they are constructed has never been so much fun. This gem of a book introduces young readers to basic construction concepts through the eyes of five friends keen on building a doghouse for their pet pooch, Max. To find out more about the task, Yulee, Martin, Nick, Sally and Pedro head to the library, where they learn about foundations, beams, frames and other building fundamentals. Fun facts, bright illustrations and comic-book-style discussions among the characters add to the mix. An activity at the end of the book invites readers to make their own mini doghouse out of marshmallows, paper, glue and craft sticks.
A First Book of Structures
Join Yulee, Martin, Nick, Sally, Pedro and Ollie as they discover all about buildings! What a fun and educational read for young children. I absolutely loved reading this book to my two young boys and discussing our house structure afterwards. This book has it all, with fun characters, informative detailed definitions and pictures, it's a must for any young builder. The book starts off by discussing foundations, then floors, beams, nature's buildings, walls, frames, shapes, columns, indoor/outdoor, and finally roofs. Each page has detailed descriptions of each part of a building and an informative definition. At the end of the book there is a fun craft to make a mini doghouse! I was very impressed with this book and I would love to read more informative books by this author!
Informative and fun
Jillian Van Leer Top 50 Reviewer 304 reviews
Report this review Comments (0) | Was this review helpful to you? 0 0
City of Bones (The Mortal Instruments #1)
""City of Bones" introduces us to the world of Shadowhunters when Clary goes to a club with her best friend..."
The Princess Diaries [Film]
Carrie Artrip
"I loved this movie as a kid and I still love it now. It's really a classic by this point...."
"While they changed a bit from the book, I still love this movie. It's one I watch often and enjoy..."
Twilight [Film]
"Loved the book, the movie fell a bit for me. "
"I actually enjoyed this film and watch it often. Much better than the TV show."
Sally Dicks
"I actually saw this movie before I read the book and I liked the book much better but i guess..."
Emily Savant, Staff Reviewer
"I never wanted to read any of the books to begin with. For some reason, my brother had read..."
"Now, I have not read this book. I really wanted to get to it before I watched the movie, but..."
"This movie is cute! I watched it while I was sick and I has skipped class. (I skipped class..."
Olympus Has Fallen
"You know what drives me to watching certain movies? The actors. I will watch any movie that my favorite actors..."
Duks Castro
"Honestly, might get bashed for this, but I hope there's no sequel. I pray that they decide to..."
Beth Saunders
"I saw the film first and enjoyed it so I then read the book. The lead character is a girl..."
"Great adaptation!!!! Must watch! Perfection at it's best!"
"Must see!"
"Give it a chance people! Think of it as a "retelling" of the novel!"
"This movie was pretty eh. Didn't do a good job following the book didn't mess up like the Percy Jackson..."
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief
"This puts shame to the name Percy Jackson. "
"Don't watch this. It doesn't matter if you've read the book or not. Just don't see it. Please."
"One of those movies, that I can watch over and over, and still plays with my emotions every time!..."
Juan Has the Jitters
The Beginner's Bible Book of Prayers


Ultras are sometimes described as eating and drinking contest with a little exercise included. We provide you with basics along the route at our drinks and feeding stations, but they are spaced out along the trail and may not cater to all your desires nor be there in time for you to satisfy your water and energy requirements. However, there are plenty of lodges and little shops along the trail, carrying something for every taste. So take charge of your own needs and carry some money! Don't rely on us (let alone blame us) if you feel thirsty/hungry and we're not there; It's your race, it's your body, listen to it and look after it well.
This is 100km, mostly off road, some of it many hours from the nearest road head. We cannot possible mark or (wo)man every spot where you might take a wrong turn. We do our best to avoid losing any runners but you'll have to look after yourself a bit too. We provide you with a trekking map that you can mark most of(!) the the course on. That will give you a general idea. Know the main villages along the route! We give you a hand out with the main villages indicated to take along. Don't forget it!
Consider installing a GPX viewer app on your smart phone.
When in doubt ask for the next village on the list.
This is an ultra mountain trail race. We have GPS data but different devices give somewhat different distances and altitudes. We're confident that the routes are pretty close to their stated distance, but if they are not exact, so be it. If at all, you'll get a bit of free extra trail length for your registration fee.
Some of the trail is lovely easy running, some of it is quite "technical", i.e. you'll need to be fully focused and slow down if you feel you're losing control. Especially when you come to wet patches, but it basically applies anywhere. Any stone may tip over when you step on it. Be light footed, flexible, and dance down those boulders in small quick moves. You may see a Nepali or a fell runner flying past you, don't try to follow unless you're confident that you have the necessary technique. Run your own race. Your body will tell you what you can and cannot do (anymore) at a particular stage of the race.


Our English speaking guide will pick you up at your hotel and you will visit what you want to or she will advice you the best places. The Tour is private, that means is only for you and your companions. You can also choose a non private Tour.
Bus tickets and meals are not included.
How do I pay? You need to pay by credit card.
Read the article below for all the answers.
Are there children under 11 years old?
Why not take a celebrated and time-honoured Athens walking Tour?
A walking tour is an unrivalled way of seeing the city the way it was supposed to be seen. Walking tours are so popular that many parts of Athens have been pedestrianized to encourage more walking tours. Athens is a place of history and beauty that cannot be appreciated by speeding past in a car or on a train. The true historic value and stunning views can only be appreciated on foot, up close and personal.
The times vary depending on how busy the town is, what events are going on, how large the walking tours is, and what the weather is like. The average walking tour will last between four to eight hours. If you have trouble walking, then there are alternative transport options that you may hire at an extra cost.
What Can You See On The Walking Tour?
You will first be picked up at your hotel and whisked to Syntagma Metro station where the journey begins. It is nestled in the heart of Athens and is a nice gentle starting point for the tour. You then walk to the Royal Palace where the Greek parliament is held. If you are lucky, you will see the changing of the guard, which is an exciting and moving display.
You are then taken to the National Gardens, where the cold beauty of the historic city is highlighted and brought to life. Then you move on to the Temple of Zeus, where the mythical god was worshipped all those years ago.
The walk then proceeds around the outskirts of the world-famous Acropolis. If you like the look of the place, and the weather is nice, then the walking tour may take a detour inside the Acropolis, though you will have to cover your entrance fee. After seeing the Acropolis, you are taken to Plaka, where you will be astounded by their labyrinthine streets and neoclassical architecture.
After experiencing the exquisite Plaka neighbourhood, you are able to have a little fun shopping at the Monastiraki flea market. You are also walked around the market area where you may see the Roman and ancient Greek Agoras that have been there hundreds of years.
Remember that you are being picked up at your hotel, so you do not need to make your way to the starting point unless otherwise instructed. Dress for the weather on the day, and do not wear anything that will chafe as you walk. The tour does not include museum or attraction entrance fees, and you are able to add a coffee stop during the tour. You are probably better off buying things near the end when you enter the flea market. If you buy things in shops early in the tour, you will have to carry your bags around with you for hours.
You are going to need good footwear that you have worn in (not new) because four to eight hours of walking may be a bit much on your feet otherwise. Your shoes should have good grip because there are stony parts of the tour that may be a little slick underfoot.
Athens is a city of history and wonders. The town has been reengineered and sculpted for pedestrians, with more and more areas becoming pedestrianized by the day. As a result, the best way to see Athens, is on foot.
What's the price? The booking form will calculate a price for you. Fill out the booking form today!
When should I book? Book now and enjoy our lower rates for early buyers.


Size- Length - 88 inches, Width - 42 inches.
Material Kutch bandhani (Bandhej) mul cotton dupatta featuring majestic bandhani pattern, tie-dyed using the traditional technique practised by the artisans of Kutch. The art of Bandhani is highly skilled process. The technique involves dyeing a fabric which is tied tightly with a thread at several points.
Care Gentle hand wash separately in cold water with mild/liquid detergents, colours may bleed when washed for the first time. Avoid soaking for too long.


text:
New Zealand Football Fans
NZ all the way!
All Whites Fans needed
New Zealand Fixtures / Results
Send a Message to the Team
SPURS LEAD THE RACE FOR SOUTH KOREA VAN DIJK
August 24, 2020 index
Premier League side Tottenham Hotspur are hoping to land a new defender Kim Min-jae from Beijing Guoan. The 23-year old is been touted as the South Korean Virgil van Dijk that will help boost their defensive options. There has been a lot of buzz around the player and now the club feels confident the deal will happen. The defender is keen on moving from the Chinese Super League to the English topflight.
Spurs have a huge following in South Korea due to Son Heung-min and the Lilywhite are ready to leverage on their popularity to snatch the player who has 30 caps for the South Korean national team.
Tottenham have offered £10 million for the player, but his club is asking for more. Spurs are confident a compromise will be reached very soon for the player.
Spurs are not the only club to have shown interest in the player, Liverpool, Man City, Inter Milan and RB Leipzig are also watching the development of the player.
Spurs' boss Mourinho is aware that his side may need some defensive addition this summer. Jan Vertonghen is expected to walk away for free when his contract expires at the end of the season. There are also doubts over the future of Juan Foyth, who has managed just 65 minutes of EPL action this season.
While Japhet Tanganga has refused to sign a new contract with the club. The center back's contract expires at the end of next season and the club has moved to extend his contract. But Tanganga has refused as his representatives have labelled the offer from the club unacceptable but talks are expected to commence again at the end of the season as Spurs manager Mourinho is keen to hold on to the player he once likened with former Blackburn and New Zealand captain Ryan Nelson.
Qatar May Not Lose Hosting Rights Due to Fresh Corruption Allegations, claims expert
HAMILTON IS TOP TEAM IN NEW ZEALAND
Flexible Lite | Flexible Lite Theme by Mystery Themes.


Your pet will get to ride in a comfortable Cadillac Escalade or equivalent, arriving in style to your destination. These vehicles are specially equipped with a Gunner® Kennel system allowing for safety in transport. All vehicles are climate controlled for your pet's safety.


The purpose of this guide is to supplement the lighting recommendations and standards for roads and areas of public use as detailed in the Publication CIE 115-1995. It replaces CIE 92-1992 Guide to the Lighting of Urban Areas.
The recommendations cover the effect of light on night time crime and suggests lighting requirements for residential roads and community areas, industrial roads, central business districts and malls, pedestrian paths and access facilities and cycle tracks.
In addition to proposing levels of luminance and illuminance the recommendations consider aspects such as modelling of people and structures within the environment, the effects of glare and sparkle, suitability of light sources as far as colour appearance and colour rendering are concerned, the effect of the lighting on the environment and the general aesthetics of the lighting equipment used.
This publication is written in English, with a short summary in French and German. It contains 38 pages with 5 figures and 11 tables.


text:
Bouré est une commune rurale située dans le département de Samba de la province du Passoré dans la région Nord au Burkina Faso.

Géographie

Bouré se trouve à environ  au nord-est du centre de Samba, le chef-lieu du départemet, ainsi qu'à  au sud de Yako.

Histoire

Économie

Santé et éducation

Bouré accueille un centre de santé et de promotion sociale (CSPS) tandis que le centre médical avec antenne chirurgicale (CMA) de la province se trouve à Yako.

Notes et références

Ville dans le département de Samba


Wally Ladik has caught a lot of muskies in his day, and has also attended a handful of University of Esox Musky Schools. In fact, he once caught the largest musky of a Canadian school with a monster 53-incher. On Saturday, June 9, he did it again.
Wally Ladik and his 41-inch musky.
Faced with an east wind that made for a tough bite over the weekend, Ladik, of Monona, Wisconsin, and his fishing partner, Jay Wilson, of Verona, Wisconsin, decided to try trolling. Ladik snapped on a favorite DepthRaider crankbait and shortly after putting his motor in gear hooked up with a 41-inch musky.
Ladik's fish proved to be the largest of 13 boated during the University of Esox Summer Musky Tactics School held June 8-10 at St. Germain Lodge and Fibber's Restaurant near St. Germain, Wisconsin. Not only did Ladik win the school's Big Musky Award, but since no other student caught more than one musky during the weekend he also won the school's Top 'Lunge Award.
A total of 22 students from seven states attended the annual event. The school featured eight hours of multi-media and on-the-water seminars, as well as two days of musky fishing in northern Wisconsin.
Dave Kruck of Neenah, Wisconsin, was just shy of Ladik's fish with a 40 1/2-incher caught on a DepthRaider. Instructor Steve Heiting boated a 41-incher on a Swimmin' Dawg.
Dave Kruck and his 40 1/2-inch musky.
All three of the largest muskies were caught in or very near deep water. Other highlights of the school included a personal best musky of 35 inches for John Walter of Aurora, Illinois, while brothers Mark Mette of Victor, New York, and Ryan Mette of Plymouth, Minnesota, each caught their first muskies.
Joining Saric and Heiting as instructors were guides Rob Manthei, Kevin Schmidt, Charlie Buhler, Joel DeBoer, Ken Jackson and Ryan Bock.


text:
U.S. Senate Democrats Block Vote On Iran Nuclear Deal
U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell promised that the vote would not be the Senate's last word, and he set the stage for another vote next week.
A move in the U.S. Senate to hold a vote of disapproval on the international nuclear deal with Iran has been defeated on a first vote.
Sixty votes in favor were needed to move the resolution forward, but the vote on September 10 was 58-42 -- two votes short -- with Democrats largely voting against and Republicans voting in favor.
President Obama quickly declared victory in the face of unanimous Republican opposition on Capitol Hill and from GOP candidates who hope to replace him in 2016.
"This vote is a victory for diplomacy, for American national security, and for the safety and security of the world," the president said. "Going forward, we will turn to the critical work of implementing and verifying this deal so that Iran cannot pursue a nuclear weapon."
But Republican lawmakers were not ready yet to concede defeat, and they have until September 17 to weigh in on the nuclear deal, which gradually lifts sanctions against Tehran in exchange for curbs on Iran's controversial nuclear program.
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell promised that the vote would not be the Senate's last word, and he set the stage for another vote next week.
"No amount of saying this issue is over makes it over," McConnell declared, adding that if a Republican wins the White House next year, "I say to Iranian observers of the debate, [the deal] will be looked on anew."
But Democrats led by Minority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada promised that any further votes would have the same outcome "and are just simply a waste of time."
"People around the world should know today's outcome was clear, decisive, and final," Reid said.
In the House, Republicans have not given up on blocking the deal and they have an elaborate gameplan to try to delay and derail the agreement.
In the first of several votes planned by the House Republican leadership, the House late on September 10 agreed on a party-line 245-186 vote to a measure stipulating that Obama had not properly submitted all documents related to the accord for Congress's review, and therefore a 60-day review clock had not really started.
That vote will be followed on September 11 by votes on a bill to approve the accord -- which is doomed to fail because of unanimous Republican opposition -- and on a measure preventing Obama from lifting congressionally mandated sanctions on Iran.
"This debate is far from over, and frankly, it's just beginning," House Speaker John Boehner (Ohio-Republican) said. "This is a bad deal with decades-long consequences for the security of the American people and our allies. And we'll use every tool at our disposal to stop, slow, and delay this agreement."
White House officials insist the House Republican maneuvers have little chance of bearing results and have sarcastically branded the complicated scheme the "Tortilla Coast Gambit," in reference to a Capitol Hill restaurant where Tea Party lawmakers plan their moves
The nuclear deal was agreed to by six world powers and Iran in Vienna on July 14 after years of negotiations.
Western powers feared Iran's nuclear program was being used covertly to prepare for the production of atomic weapons.
Iran has said its program is strictly for peaceful purposes.
Senator Dick Durbin (Democrat-Illinois) said that "we have one goal in mind, shared by many nations around the world: to stop Iran from developing a nuclear weapon. I believe this agreement comes as close to achieving that as we can hope for at this moment."
Senator Lindsey Graham (Republican-South Carolina), a fierce opponent of the nuclear deal, warned Democratic senators that "You own this. You own every 'I' and every 'T' and every bullet, and you own everything that is to follow. And it's going to be holy hell."
Earlier on September 10, British Prime Minister David Cameron, French President Francois Hollande, and German Chancellor Angela Merkel wrote in The Washington Post that voting by Congress this week "is a crucial opportunity at a time of heightened global uncertainty to show what diplomacy can achieve."
Cameron, Merkel, and Hollande said in the article that two years of "tough, detailed negotiation have produced an agreement that closes off all possible routes to an Iranian nuclear weapon."
The mainly Republican critics of the deal have argued that Obama's administration gave Iran too may concessions in negotiating the deal.
With reporting by AP, AFP, and Reuters
Families Of Detained, Killed Iranian Protesters Beaten, Warned To Keep Silent
Iran has cracked down on anti-regime protests sparked by the September death in custody of Mahsa Amini, arrested for allegedly violating strict dress rules for women.
Iranian authorities are beating, firing, and threatening the families of protesters who were detained or killed during the violent suppression of the four-month-long anti-government demonstrations to force them to remain silent, the New York-based Center for Human Rights in Iran (CHRI) said on January 25. "In addition to hanging, shooting, and imprisoning Iranians to crush the protests, Islamic republic authorities are attacking the family members of those they have killed and jailed to silence cries for justice and freedom," CHRI Executive Director Hadi Ghaemi said in the statement.
Iran Athlete Says 'No Regrets' After Losing Eye At Protest
Protesters hold placards at a march in central London on January 21 against the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC).
An Iranian archer who lost sight in her left eye after being shot by security forces has said she has "no regrets" about joining nationwide protests. Iranian authorities have cracked down on more than four months of anti-regime protests sparked by the September 16 death in custody of Mahsa Amini, arrested for allegedly violating strict dress rules for women. Kosar Khoshnoudikia, a member of Iran's national archery team, had been shot at a rally last year in her hometown of Kermanshah, in the Kurdish-populated west, said the Norway-based rights group Hengaw. "I have felt no regrets for being there on that day, at that time," Khoshnoudikia said.


We've all struggled with dodgy Wi-Fi at home. It's really hard to find a decent router — even an expensive and powerful one — that can cover every room, nook and cranny of your house with fast and more importantly reliable wireless. That's usually because your router sits in one place, likely near the front of your house where your internet connection is. Netgear's new Orbi router, though, has dedicated Wi-Fi satellites that evenly distribute fast wireless over a dedicated network.
Using one band of 802.11ac's three-band Wave 2 Wi-Fi for a mesh network running only between base station and satellites, the Orbi comes with one of Netgear's wireless routers in the box and one satellite, pre-paired to make setup easier. Netgear says the simplest approach is to install the router at your internet connection point and the single satellite at the centre of your house or apartment, where it'll radiate a wireless signal equally.
If your house is larger, though, or has a couple of levels, you can add multiple Orbi satellites — all of which communicate over that mesh network — to spread signal further. And because it's operating over a dedicated third band, it doesn't slow down the speed of the router's main 5GHz and 2.4GHz channels. Netgear promises no dead spots, as long as you have enough satellites installed, and moving between satellites is seamless.
It's a great concept in theory, and like Sonos' mesh network, it should be easily expendable to cover a huge range and multiple levels, with each satellite contributing range to the other. Netgear promises 3Gbps speeds from the Orbi's AC3000 network, which should be more than enough for everything but the most demanding and device-heavy households.
Of course, you can already supplement your existing Wi-Fi router with a range extender, and you can even get some that operate over a single network name. Orbi, then, isn't a solution for existing networks as much as it is a good first-time solution for new house buyers or owner builders. And, of course, there's the fact that range extenders limit the speed of your existing WiFi setup.


text:
Join The Triangle
Options floated for public high school | The Triangle
Options floated for public high school
By Azwad Rahman
Drexel University has been looking into different properties to facilitate the expansion of Samuel Powel Elementary School at 36th Street and Powelton Avenue, one property of which is University City High School at 36th and Filbert streets.
University City High School was one of the 23 public schools that were shut down after a vote in early March by the Philadelphia School Reform Commission to help reduce school district budget deficits. Powel Elementary currently educates up to 250 children in grades K-4 and has already absorbed students from Charles R. Drew Elementary, which is located at 37th and Warren streets and has been closed.
Last year, the Philadelphia School Partnership gave a grant $215,000 to Powel Elementary and planning for that grant involved Drexel University. The grant was to help the elementary school expand and Drexel's interest in the University High School property seems to be a extension of that mission.
"The cornerstone of Drexel's community revitalization effort is education and a commitment to improving public school options for families in the neighborhood," said Lucy Kerman, vice provost for University and Community Partnerships, in a Sept. 2012 press release. "We look forward to working with our key partners on a more comprehensive approach to school improvement and the development of high-performing public schools."
According to Kristen Forbriger, PSP's manager of communications and public affairs, PSP and Drexel began talks in the spring of 2012 and applied jointly for funding in August 2012. The grant was announced in September 2012.
"PSP invests in the creation and expansion of high-quality schools. Since our inception in 2010, we have met with numerous partners to discuss opportunities to create more high-quality school options for students in Philadelphia. We learned about Powel — and the opportunity for expansion — through Drexel, which has worked with both Powel and McMichael for years. Like all of PSP's grants, the collaboration among Drexel, Powel and Science Leadership Academy was selected following a thorough due diligence process," Forbriger said.
According to her, PSP has given $29 million in grants to help with the expansion of more than two dozen schools. The Science Leadership Academy at 22nd and Market streets is an adoptive high school of the Franklin Institute, working with Powel and Drexel in the expansion.
The property, however, is not up for sale yet. Mayor Michael Nutter's administration has set up a plan in order to keep some schools afloat in the coming school year by giving $50 million to The School District of Philadelphia in exchange for the unused properties in order to resell them. The legislation is currently going through the City Council for debate. According to a PlanPhilly article published Sept. 11, there is an alternative plan that the money would first go to the Philadelphia Authority for Industrial Development, which would then buy the property from the school district.
PAID would then sell the properties to equal the original $50 million or more. Any profits would also be given to the school district. The properties would then be returned to the school district, which would have the option of taking any unsold property at any point or leaving it with PAID to continue selling.
According to a Sept. 25 article from PlanPhilly, the Office of Property Assessment gave an estimated value of $23 million on the University City High School property. All of the properties, according to City Council, are thought to cost $106 million. This legislation, immediately putting a transfer of money to the school district according to the article, is currently in standstill in the Council.
According to Mark Gleason, the director of Blackwell and PSP, in a Sept. 25 article from PlanPhilly, Drexel's proposal is most likely going to add a fifth grade to Powel, adding 200-250 more students to the total student enrollment. There is also a suggestion of adding a middle school for grades 6-8, adding 300-400 more students. The middle school will follow the Science Leadership Academy model of schooling.
The director of media relations for Drexel University, Nikki Gianakaris, released a statement on behalf of the University: "Drexel is strongly committed to public K-12 education in Philadelphia and particularly in Powelton Village and Mantua. The University is sincerely interested in the future of the University City High School site and will continue to be involved in discussions about the development of the site."
Get The Triangle's top stories directly to your inbox every Friday
Do you think more could be done at Drexel to address discrimination?
Drexel Triangle
@DrexelTriangle
DrexelTriangle
THE INDEPENDENT STUDENT NEWSPAPER AT DREXEL UNIVERSITY SINCE 1926
©2019 The Triangle. All rights are reserved, except where otherwise noted.
The Triangle is an independent student organization and is not owned nor operated by Drexel University.


Hi everybody! This is just a quick instructable about this cool greeting card I made and thought I'd share it with you seeing as we've come to that time of year again.
I took my inspiation from Giulia Art's Thanksgiving greeting card I saw here on instructables last month. Immediately I wanted to see if I could do a six sided version and later on I thought it would make for an interesting Seasons Greetings card. There's really only one part that's a tricky origami fold at step 6. But I'll try my best to explain it well.
Please note: my photographs don't always do the gold paper justice. It can pick up light and reflect a golden sheen a lot more than it seems here.
I've gone with a gold and black color scheme but you could do it in whatever combination of colors you like. You could add more elements to the star to make it more personal.
The hexagon will be orientated like you see here in the first image to get the biggest one you can out of a sheet of paper. You can draw it out accurately with set squares. Draw it on a plain sheet of paper and you can cut it out and use it as a template for making lots of these 3d star cards. If you do take the set squares option you'll need to fold the hexagon in half in three ways like you see here in the third photo.
If you would prefer, you can fold it by hand to reveal the line where to cut off the extra paper. Click on the rest of the photos and I'll talk you through the process but this way is not so accurate.
As a matter of interest this would also be how you go about making a paper snowflake with a genuine six-fold radial symetry. Now you will never be able to look at an eight-fold radial symetry paper snowflake again without knowing, at the back of your mind, that it is a FAKE FLAKE!!!
Click on the photos for more indepth explanations.
That's it. Write your message on the back of the card and stick it in the envelope! Your family and friends will be so impressed!
I assume she means a Norfolk Island Pine. They are sometimes used as Christmas trees.
Unfold the last folds you did before this step. I know it shows it but I folded them back in and it took me ages to figure out step 6 with them folded in!
Hi. Were you able to figure it out? You fold the 6 tips of the hexagon in like you see in the first photo of step 4. The second photo shows them folded back out. This step (step 4) is to make the crease that you will use later when folding the points back down to make the points of the star (step 6).
I've seen a similar thing done with money.
Thats right. There are some really cool things done with money. We gave a bouquet of money flowers as a wedding gift to my sister-in-law.
That is really cool, do you have an instructable on that?
No. We just googled it. Made the flowers and made the stems from wire. It was a fun little project but I didn't document it.
Well done for sticking at it! Maybe I should add to the materials list "a full stack of practice paper" and "a dist bin".


text:
Irish set dancing, sometimes called "Irish sets", is a popular form of folk dancing in Ireland danced to Irish tunes in groups of eight or four dancers. It is also sometime named set dance, but this name refers more often to a kind of dance in Irish stepdance.

History
Set dancing is based on quadrilles, which were court dances. These were transformed by the Irish into a unique folk dance of the Irish rural communities.

When the Gaelic League was formed in 1897, it sought to discourage set dancing, because it was perceived as being of foreign origins, and consequently at odds with the League's nationalist agenda. In its place, the League promoted ceili dance, a process which continued during the 1930s and 1940s with the support of the Catholic Church in the form of the Public Dance Halls Act 1935. The rise of rock and roll in the 1950s caused the popularity of set dancing to fade. However, in the 1980s a revival started and many sets that have not been done for forty years or more are being recovered and danced again.

As the sets were often shown in special competitions under a choregraphied form (three or four figures had to be chosen to dance on the stage for instance), the popular version of the sets danced in the Céilí is often derived from this choreography and can be different from the original. For instance, the Connemara Reel Set was danced at first with only a reel figure and a jig figure. To be shown in competition it had to be truncated in more figures and now this is this version with three reel figures and a jig figure which is danced in the céilithe.

The Set
To start, four couples are arranged in the form of a square to dance with each couple being in the middle of the sides of the square.  Both the eight dancers in the group and the dance itself are called a "set". The dance is a sequence of several dance figures, which usually have a common theme or structure.  The figures usually begin and end with repeated parts that everyone dances, and then during the figure each couple or pair of couples will dance separately.  In the set, the couple with their backs to the band are traditionally named "First Tops" with "Second Tops" facing them.  The couple on First Tops left hand side is called "First Sides" with "Second Sides" facing.  Usually the First Tops are the first to dance, with some sets having First Sides and then Second Tops going next and some having Second Tops and then the First Sides. Second Sides is almost always the last couple to dance, and is therefore a good place for beginners to start, as they get more time to watch the demonstrations of the figure that the other couples give.

Sets from a particular region usually have similar elements. For instance, sets from the Connemara region (such as the Connemara Reel Set, the South Galway Reel Set and the Claddagh Set) have the First Sides on the right of the First Tops, and sets from the Clare region often involve footwork similar to Irish traditional Stepdance or traditional freeform Sean-nós dance (which emphasizes a "battering" step).

Distinctive sets and dance regions emerged in the course of the 19th century and evolved as popular house dances separate from the more formal Irish step-dancing tradition. In some homesteads a kitchen pot was placed under the flag stones as an extra acoustical element for the house dance.

Sets differs from square dance and round dance in that it does not require a caller: the sequence of figures is predefined by the name of the set.  In places with a large community of set dancers, like Ireland or New York City, it is usual for dances to be uncalled - that is, done with no calling - because most dancers already know the instructions for the common sets.  However, at venues with larger numbers of occasional dancers, or for an unaccustomed or new  set, a caller is often present to give instructions as the dance progresses, for those people who are not yet familiar with the set.

See also
List of Irish Set Dancing Champions
The South Galway Set
The Clare Lancers Set
Irish dance
Irish stepdance
Sean-nós dance
Sean-nós dance in America
Slide (tune type)
Polka

References

General
 Toss the Feathers - Irish Set Dancing Pat Murphy, Mercier Press
 The Flowing Tide: More Irish Set Dancing Pat Murphy, Mercier Press
 Apples in Winter - Irish Set & Social Dancing Pat Murphy, available at: pmurphysetdance@eircom.net
 A Handbook of Irish Dances, 5. Edition, J. G. O' Keeffe, Art O' Brien,  Gill & Son Ltd., (1934)
 The Story of Irish Dancing Helen Brennan, Mount Eagle Publications Ltd., 1999

External links
Set Dancing And Sean Nos Dancing website by Gerard Butler
Sets.ie (formerly "Set Dancing News")
Set Dancing Music and Instructions Database
Study notes for two-hand, ceili and set dances
Study Notes for 80 Sets and 11 Figure Dances
Set Dancing Videos on YouTube

Irish folk music


Livermore red walnuts grown here in California are a striking shade of magenta, as well as being delicious.
I love going to farmer's markets. Even if my refrigerator is full, I love their energy and the chance discoveries.
My latest revelation is the Red Walnut – a really purplish, magenta colored version of the familiar tan nut. The ones I bought were fresh from Terra Bella Ranch in northern San Diego County, so they had a wonderful light and sweet nutty flavor. But what really sold me was the color.
A little sign explained that the nuts are the Livermore variety and said they hailed from England originally. But I did some research and tracked down the US Patent application that was filed by the University of California at Davis, where the Robert Livermore walnut was developed. The Livermore is a cross between a purple walnut variety and the standard Howard walnut. Robert Livermore was a supporter of the university's programs and with having the unusual new walnut named for him.
Check out Terra Bella Ranch's Facebook page to learn where to find them. Or if you live in a climate where walnut trees thrive, you can order your own Livermore red walnut tree from Dave Wilson Nursery.
Since most of the good phenolic acids, tannins and flavonoids in a walnut is in the skin or pellicule, it's not hard to believe that the red walnut has some unique nutrients that aren't found in the tan walnut. According to the walnut entry on World's Healthiest Foods, Walnuts are a great source of gamma-tocopherol, a rather rare form of Vitamin E that has been shown to have very positive role in reducing heart disease risk. With that and other beneficial properties, is why I'm naming walnuts the sweet-heart nut of Valentine's Day.
In case you're wondering what to do with walnuts besides eat them, I've put together a collection of delicious walnut recipes on Foodily.


text:
[ARCHIVED] Greenburgh Slice of History
Alcohol, The Irvings and the Hamiltons: The Sanctuary of Zion Episcopal Church
By: Riley Wentzler & Felicia Barber
with research assistance from Ryan Stuzin
At 55 Cedar Street, Dobbs Ferry, stands a small, but highly important stone church which has connections to Dobbs Ferry's first ever church. This is the Sanctuary of Zion Episcopal Church.
Birth of a Church and Connection to the South Presbyterian Church of Greenburgh:
The church grew out of the South Presbyterian Church of Greenburgh also known as the "Little White Church." Therefore, although we have already covered much of this in our April 27th 2019 article, There is no church here, but "the brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated" this ground: The Story of The Little White Church Cemetery , much time has passed, so it is worth rehashing for our readers.
As previously stated, the original land for the Little White Church once belonged to Dirck Storm, who at some point in the 1800s, sold it to Martin and Rebeccah Lefurgy. In 1823 the couple sold it to a group of Presbyterian ministers looking to form a church (DiLorenzo 2019). Two years later in 1825, they officially founded their church, at the time of its founding the congregation consisted of only six members. The name of this church was the South Presbyterian Church of Greenburgh, which still exists today, although at a different location. Its members gave it the nickname The Little White Church (Raftery 2011, p. 25). The South Presbyterian Church continued to operate on Ashford Avenue until 1869 when it moved to a new location on 515 Broadway (Raftery 2011, p. 25). However, while the activities of the South Presbyterian Church continued and continue to this day, not all of its members were content with the direction in which it was going.
This is where our current story begins, with one unhappy man. In the 1830's, a man named Van Brugh Livingston who was the presiding elder at the South Presbyterian Church attempted to officially establish complete abstinence from alcohol as a major tenant of the church (Sanzo 1983 p. 1). He lost that battle and resigned. Mr. Livingston owned a substantial portion of land and upon his resignation donated much of his land for the creation of another church (Sanzo 1983 p. 1). The new church founded by Livingston and his friends was set up on Cedar Street (http://www.ziondobbsferry.org/our-parish-hall.html)
Gaining Size and Prominence:
While Livingston provided the land for the new church, his dream probably would not have succeeded without the help of Oscar Irving, the nephew of the famous author Washington Irving. Although not an ordained minister, Oscar Irving was a deeply religious man who held a lay church service every Sunday. It was Oscar Irving who invited Reverend Crosby to consecrate the ground for the parish and judge Anthony Constant to handle legal matters for the church. The church was officially organized on October 4, 1833 and incorporated under the name "The Rector Church-wardens and Vestrymen of Zion Church in the Town of Greenburgh on October 31, 1883 (Sanzo 1983 p. 2). Reverend Crosby served as the church's first rector. The first building, a small stone building utilizing gothic style architecture, was constructed on February 16th 1834 (Sanzo 1983 p. 2) it only had 16 pews. The building then resided on only one acre (Sanzo 1983 p. 2).
The church went through rectors rather quickly in its early years. In 1834, Reverend Crosby resigned and was replaced by Deacon Edward N. Mead (Sanzo 1983 p. 2),who himself was only there a short time before he was replaced by Reverend William Creighton in 1836(Sanzo 1983 p. 3). While each rector added something to the church either physically or in terms of doctrine, it could be argued that its early parishioners were more influential than its string of rectors. In 1840 two of Alexander Hamilton's sons, James Hamilton and Alexander Hamilton jr and Washington Irving himself became members. James Hamilton served as the treasurer from 1845-1853 and Washington Irving participated in so many baptisms that Zion's baptistry has been named The Irving Corner (Sanzo 1983 p. 3).
When a new rector named Reverend William A. McVickar arrived on July 19 1852, he expanded the church, tripling the size of the building. However, it was a second renovation in 1870 that brought the church to its current size (Sanzo 1983 p. 6). In 1919, Colonel Franklin Q. Brown donated the Victory Bell that currently hangs in the church's bell tower (Sanzo 1983 p. 8).The church was recently added to the National Register of Historic Places (https://www.rivertownsenterprise.net/dobbs_ferry/zion-episcopal-added-to-national-historic-register/article_703c3dc6-5779-11eb-9eca-0b8675ac2952.html).
Lending a Helping Hand:
The Sanctuary of Zion Episcopal Church has provided many services to the community through the years including: a thrift shop known as "The Hillside Thrift Shop" (http://www.ziondobbsferry.org/thrift-shop.html), which provides cheap but well-made clothing, books, toys, and home goods to Dobbs Ferry residents in need, The Zion Crafters Guild (http://www.ziondobbsferry.org/zion-crafters-guiild.html) which knits various types of clothing for local homeless shelters and donating money to the Yonkers Animal Shelter (http://www.ziondobbsferry.org/animal-shelter.html).
Previous Slices of History include:
Greenburgh's BROTHERLY LOVE, RELIEF AND TRUTH: A History of The Freemasons in Greenburgh (9/12/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5658/BROTHERLY-LOVE-RELIEF-AND-TRUTH--in-Greenburgh
Greenburgh and The Arts (9/22/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5665/Greenburgh-AND-The--ARTS
A Final Resting Place for "Man's Best Friend": The Peaceable Kingdom (9/29/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5653/A-Final-Resting-Place--for-Mans-Best-Friend
Greenburgh's Hall of Heroes: Ferncliff Cemetery Where Memories Live Forever (10/12/18)https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5667/Greenburgh-Hall-of-Heroes
Greenburgh at The Great American Crossroads: Greenburgh's Civil War Story(10/19/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5666/Greenburgh-at-The-Great-American-Crossroad
A Different Kind of Rebel: Greenburgh's Contributions to the Underground Railroad (10/27/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5680/A-Different-Kind-of-of-Rebel--Greenburghs-contributions-to-The-Underground-Railroad
"The Disappearing Railroad Blues" in Greenburgh: The Fate of the Putnam Railroad Line and the old Putnam Trail (11/6/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5675/The-Disappearing-Railroad-Blues-in-Greenburgh
A Thousand Words Which You Never Knew: The Forgotten Story of the Seal of Greenburgh (11/17/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5651/A--Thousand-Words-Which-You-Never-Knew-The-Forgotten-Story-of-The-Seal-of-Greenburgh
How a Flat Tire led to a Happy Escape: The Story of Carvel in Greenburgh (12/11/18) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5670/How-a-Flat-Tire-led-to-a-Happy-Escape
The Guardians of History: Greenburgh's Historical Societies (1/6/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5676/The-Guardians-of--History
A Small House, an Important Meeting, a Huge Victory: The Story of the Odell House (1/12/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5654/A-Small-House--an-Important-Meeting--A-Huge-Victory
The Intersection of Banking, Ballet, and School: Greenburgh's Warburg Estate (Updated) (10/22/19) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6095/The-Intersection-of-Banking--Ballet--and-School-updated
Lost History: The Tragedy of Malkasten (1/26/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5673/Lost-History--The-Tragedy-of-Malkasten
A Beautiful View for the Perfect Event: The Belvedere Estate (2/9/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5652/A-Beautiful-View-for-The-Perfect-Event--Belvedere-Estate
The Power of Wealth and Humility: A Reflection on Two Highly Influential African Americans (2/18/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5679/Wealth-and-Humility
Greenburgh Under the Hollywood Lights: The TV shows and movies Filmed in Greenburgh Part I (2/23/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5668/Greenburgh-under-Hollywood-Lights-Part-I
Oh, The Places Your Mail has Gone: A History of The Hartsdale Post Office (3/9/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5674/Oh-The-Places-Your-Mail-has-Gone
From Insurance to Symphonies: The Home of Charles Ives (3/16/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5664/From-Insurance-to-Symphonies--The-Home-of-Charles-Ives
Greenburgh Under the Hollywood Lights: The TV shows and Movies Filmed in Greenburgh Part II (3/29/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5669/Greenburgh-Under-the-Hollywood-Lights-The-TV-shows-and-movies-Filmed-in-Greenburgh-Part-II
From Chasing Rabbits to Setting Records: The Amazing Story of Larry James (4/7/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5661/From-Chasing-Rabbits-to-Setting-Records
From Fixing Cars to building Infrastructure: How Massaro Park Got its name (4/13/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5663/From-Fixing-Cars-to-Building-Infrastructure-How--Massaro-Park-Got-Its-Name
There is no church here, but "the brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated" this ground: The Story of The Little White Church Cemetery (4/27/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5678/There-is-no-church-here-but-the-brave-men-living-and-dead-who-struggled-here-have-consecrated-this-ground
Irvington in Chains and our Process A History of Slavery in Irvington and A look at how Slices of History are made (and our interview with historian Robert Marchant) (5/11/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5671/Irvington-in-Chains
From Farmland to Shopping District: The Rise of Central Avenue (5/25/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5662/From-Farmland-to-Shopping-District-The-Rise-of-Central-Avenue
Like a long lost friend": The story of how summer recreation has evolved in Greenburgh (6/7/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5672/like-a-long-lost-friend
Abandon Ship!!! The Story of United Nuclear Corporation and their Short-lived Elmsford Facility (6/28/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5656/Abandon-Ship
Beyond Heritage Versus Hate Toward Hope and Reconciliation: The story of Mount Hope Cemetery and its Confederate Monument (7/13/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5657/Beyond-Heritage-Versus-Hate-Toward-Hope-and-Reconciliation---The-story-of-Mount-Hope-Cemetery-and-its-Confederate-Monument
Hidden History: The Story of Fairview Fairgrounds Part I (7/27/19) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5660/fairgrounds
Entertainers for Justice (8/3/2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5659/Entertainers-for-Justice
A Tale of Two Towns: Greenburgh, NY, and Muncy, PA (8/23/ 2019) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5655/A-Tale-of-Two-Towns--Greenburgh-NY-and-Muncy-PA
When Greenburgh Went "East Bound and Down": Greenburgh During Prohibition (10/6/2019) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/5992/When-Greenburgh-Went-East-Bound-and-Down-Greenburgh-During-Prohibition
From Mopping The Floor of One Institution to Managing Three at Once: The Amazing Story of Former Westchester County Commissioner of Public Welfare Ruth Taylor (12/12/19) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6272/From-Mopping-The-Floor-of--One-Institution-to-Managing-Three-at-Once
Greenburgh Gets its "Sun Daze on" Under the Watchful Eyes of the Boys in Blue (1/9/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6366/Greenburgh-Gets--its-Sun-Daze-on-Under-the-Watchful-Eyes-of-the-Boys-in-Blue
Making Martin Luther King Jr's Dream Come Alive the Success Story of the Parkway Homes/ Parkway Gardens Community:(1/18/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6377/Making-Martin-Luther-King-Jrs-Dream-Come-Alive-the-Success-Story-of-the-Parkway-Homes-Parkway-Gardens-Community
Formed By Adversity, Held Together by Faith: The History of the Parkway Homes/Parkway Gardens Community (2/27/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6547/Formed--By-Adversity-and--Held-Together-by-Faith-The-History-of-the-Parkway-Homes-_Parkway-Gardens-Community
From an Apple Orchard to The Olympics: The Saint Andrew's Golf Club (3/8/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6591/From-an-Apple-Orchard-to-The-Olympics--The-Saint-Andrews-Golf-Club
Ashes "Ashes, Ashes!!We all Fall Down"(3/23/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6653/Ashes-Ashes-We-all-Fall-Down
A Leading Medical Institution at The Border of Greenburgh: The Story of New York Medical College (4 /4 /2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6685/A-Leading-Medical-Institution-at-The-Border-of-Greenburgh
When the Cure was Worse than the Disease: A Look back on When The Medical Profession Wasn't so Reliable: ( 4/18/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6728/When-The-Cure-was-Worse-than-the-Disease
All Aboard!!! The Story of The Old Putnam Railroad In Greenburgh (5/31/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6909/All-Aboard-The-Story--the-Old-Putnam-Railroad
Juneteenth: A Day of Liberation (6/6/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/6920/Juneteenth--A-Day-of-Liberation
The Jewel of Greenburgh: The Life of Charles Lewis Tiffany (7/25/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7049/The-Jewel-of-Greenburgh---The-Life-of-Charles-Lewis-Tiffany
Hastings' Best and Brightest: Nobel Laureates of Hastings
(8/1/2020) https://greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7065/Hastings-Best-and--Brightest---Nobel-Laureates-of-Hastings
Happy Hour Amid Civil Strife In Elmsford The Story of How the Brother Against Brother Nature of the American Revolution Led to the Cocktail. (8/8/2020) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7158/Happy-Hour-Amid-Civil-Strife-in-Elmsford
A Woman Rebel In Hastings: The Life of Margaret Sanger (1879-1966) (10/7/2020) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7166/A-Woman-Rebel-In-Hastings-The-Life-of--Margret-Sanger
Headless Horsemen, Long Naps, and Sunshine: Washington Irving and Sunnyside (10/17/2020) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7171/Headless-Horsemen-Long-Naps-and-Sunshine
A General's Residence in Greenburgh (10/21/2020) A-Generals-Residence-in-Greenburgh (greenburghny.com)
The Ghost of Restaurants Past in Greenburgh Part I (12/12/20) The-Ghost-of-Restaurants--Past-in-Greenburgh-Part-I (greenburghny.com)
A Truly Trailblazing Road: Historic Roads in Greenburgh Part I- The Bronx River Parkway (12/19/2020) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7292/A-Truly-Trailblazing-Road-Historic-Roads-In-Greenburgh-Part-I
On The Road Again: Significant Roads In Greenburgh – Saw Mill River Parkway (1/2/2021) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7413/Saw-Mill-River-Parkway
The Baby Brother of Parkways The Sprain Brook Parkway (1/9/2021) The-Baby-Brother-of-Parkways---The-Sprain-Brook (greenburghny.com)
Tarrytown is Alive with The Sound Music: The Tarrytown Music Hall (1/30/2021) https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7525/Tarrytown-is-Alive-with-The-Sound-of-Music-Tarrytown-Music-Hall
The Black Contribution to The Thin Blue Line: Greenburgh's First African - American Police Officers (2/6/2021) The-Black-Contribution-to-The-Thin-Blue-Line (greenburghny.com)
African- Americans Nobly Serving Their Community At the Levers of Power: African-American Town Board Members Past & Present (3/1/2021) African--Americans-Nobly-Serving-Their-Community-At--the-Levers-of-Power (greenburghny.com)
The Legacy and Influence of Alexander Hamilton In Greenburgh: The Life of His Great-Great Granddaughter - Mary Schuyler Hamilton (3/13/2021)https://www.greenburghny.com/DocumentCenter/View/7635/The-Life-of-Alexander-Hamltions-Great-Great-Granddaughter---Mary-Schuyler-Hamilton
We are both Assistant Town Historians at Greenburgh Town Hall and we are engaged to be married and are currently looking for permanent employment.
Riley Wentzler:
I was born and raised in a small rural town in central Pennsylvania. In high school, I took every honors course available including four years of Spanish. I received A's in all of them. I graduated third in my class of 146 students. This brought me to Edinboro University of Pennsylvania. Once there, I continued my trend of academic excellence. I graduated summa cum laude in Political Science with a minor in Spanish and a Master's in Communication Studies, with a G.P.A of 3.94. It was also there that I met my lovely fiancée, Felicia Barber. My Master's in Communication has promoted public speaking, teamwork, and customer service. My Political Science degree has developed my research skills using computer-based tools and provided me with experience using the Microsoft Office products. My minor in Spanish has facilitated my bilingual capabilities. During my internship at Greenburgh, I created the petition for the State Roads project using website tools. My diverse education and areas of interest have provided me with a wide range of skills. I look forward to finding a career opportunity in business or government. To suggest a topic for next week's article, you can contact me at assistanthistorian@greenburghny.com, or to help me find employment, you can contact me at rjwentzler413@gmail.com
Felicia Barber:
I was born in New York City and raised in Hartsdale, New York. I graduated from Ardsley High School. I recently earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in Graphic Design at Edinboro University of Pennsylvania. It was here that I met my fiancé, Riley Wentzler. As a result of my academic excellence, I won a scholarship every year. I learned and applied many graphic design skills to projects during my summer internships and at school. I am proficient in using Adobe graphic design applications including Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign. For my Identity/branding course at Edinboro, I created logos to appear on the tee-shirts of Physical Education majors. For a veteran's upcoming event, I used a typeface to focus the reader to the soldier in the poster. For the State Roads Legislative Campaign project, I created the embedded graphic-photo that accompanied the petition I am looking for a job to utilize my skills as a Graphic Designer in an agency, print shop, company or government To suggest a topic for next week's article, you can contact me at assistanthistorian@greenburghny.com. To learn more about my artwork or to help me find employment you can contact me at feliciadbarber@gmail.com.
Volunteer - Research Assistant - Ryan Stuzin:
I was born and raised in Scarsdale, New York. I am a senior at Edgemont High School, where I am captain of the varsity ski and golf teams. I also cover the ski team for the Scarsdale Inquirer. I have been a volunteer junior ski patroller at Stratton Mountain in Vermont and founded the Red Cross Club at my high school. I will be attending Colgate University in the fall, with a plan to study political science and/or history and eventually go to law school. I participated in the Town of Greenburgh internship program last summer, which inspired me to learn more about our town and its government. That, coupled with my love of history, is what prompted me to reach out to Riley and Felicia to help them with their articles about the history of Greenburgh.
Two Interviews with the authors:
https://riverjournalonline.com/around-town/a-love-of-history-and-each-other/13708/
https://wcbs880.radio.com/articles/news/stories-main-street-couple-cerebral-palsy-brings-manytalents-town-greenburgh
DiLorenzo, K. (2019, March 15). Historians Bring Cemetery's Past to Light. The Enterprise, p. 6&21.
Raftery, P. (2011). The Cemeteries of Westchester County. Elmsford, NY: Westchester County Historical Society.
Robert, P. (2021, January 15). Zion Episcopal added to National Historic Register. The Enterprise, p. Unknown.
Sanzo, S. (1983). A History of Zion Episcopal on the Occasion of its 150th Anniversary. Dobbs Ferry, New York: Unknown .
Zion Episcopal Church. (2021). Our Parish Hall. Retrieved from ziondobbsferry.org: http://www.ziondobbsferry.org/our-parish-hall.html
Our last article, The Legacy and Influence of Alexander Hamilton In Greenburgh: The Life of His Great-Great Granddaughter - Mary Schuyler Hamilton, had a slight error. The letter to the editor of the Enterprise stating when Mary Schuyler Hamilton was not written by an unknown author. It was written by Gary Rappaport. We did not see his name because it appears at the bottom of the letter and we don't have a subscription to the Enterprise .


I wished everyone had a little five year old cousin like mine.
Her name is Emma Bella. What a precious child she is! We live about 3-1/2 hours apart. Emma wanted to tell me something and her Mom said she could talk a text into the phone, and this is what Emma's talk text was: "I love your face I love you I love everything else about you. And I want your love and you can have my love too. I love you so much even though I love your love."
Isn't that so precious?! I called Emma and asked, "When are you going to come over and see me?" Emma said, "You mean for like a sleep-over?" I said, "Yes, wouldn't that be fun?" Emma said it would, then she thought a minute and said, "I know what we could do, you could just come over and get me and take me to your house." I told her, "I don't have a car Hon, George took it to work." Emma thought a minute, took in a deep breath and planned it all out for me. HA! It was the cutest thing. She said, "Okay, this is all what you do, you go in your kitchen and get some food, and if you don't want food, you just get some water, and then you just go to your living room and open your front door." I said, "Okay, and then what?"
"Then, you just open the door and start walking... no, I mean running, yes running all the way till you get to my house" she said. It was so hard not to laugh on the phone. I told her, "That would be so nice, but Emma, it's raining outside." I was not expecting what came next. Emma said, "So! you just get wet, that's all!" Then she continued: "Okay, you just go get on your rain boots, and you go get some water, probably a lot of water, and then you just start running over here; but don't forget to go potty and poo-poo first."
I laughed so hard!!!!!!!!!!! Isn't that the cutest and funniest thing ever?!
I got to thinking about what Emma said. I believe GOD loves you like that. Can't you hear Him saying to you, "I love your face I love you I love everything else about you. And I want your love and you can have my love too. I love you so much even though I love your love."