text:
Archived FDA Warning Letters (2005 - 2012)
Company: Celltex Therapeutics Corporation
Subject: Human Cells, Tissues & Cellular Products
Issuer: Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
Issued: Sept. 24, 2012 Closed:
Not Issued
Source ucm323853 Archive Code:
Celltex Therapeutics Corporation 9/24/12
WARNING LETTER
CBER-12-10
VIA FACSIMILE AND UPS
David G. Eller
Chief Executive Officer and President
CellTex Therapeutics Corporation
12621 W. Airport Blvd., Suite 800
Dear Mr. Eller:
During an inspection of your firm, CellTex Therapeutics Corporation, located at 12621 W. Airport Blvd., Suite 800, Sugarland, Texas 77478, conducted between April 16 and April 27, 2012, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that your firm receives adipose tissue (aka lipoaspirate) that has been recovered from autologous donors. Using (b)(4) , your firm isolates cells from the lipoaspirate, and selects and expands through cell culture, adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC). The autologous product is administered to patients by (b)(4) for a wide variety of indications.
Our investigation of your firm further determined that your firm promotes your process and the use of AdMSC to physicians by encouraging physicians to enroll patients in one of your clinical trials. Your protocols entitled, (b)(4) both explain that patients have an opportunity to be enrolled in these clinical trials if they are presently diagnosed with an (b)(4) for which there is hypothesized or demonstrated clinical benefit for the (b)(4) of the AdMSC product.
CellTex's product is a human cell, tissue, or cellular and tissue-based product (HCT/P) as defined in 21 CFR 1271.3(d). However, this product does not meet all of the criteria in 21 CFR 1271.10(a) and therefore is not regulated solely under section 361 of the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act) [42 U.S.C. 264] and the regulations in 21 CFR Part 1271. Specifically, your processing with (b)(4) alters the original relevant characteristics of the adipose tissue relating to the tissue's utility for reconstruction, repair, or replacement. Therefore, your processing does not meet the definition of minimal manipulation for structural tissue such as adipose tissue as described in 21 CFR 1271.3(f)(1). Furthermore, your firm's process of tissue culture, expansion and passaging also fails to meet the definition of minimal manipulation for structural tissue in 21 CFR 1271.3(f)(1). As a result, the CellTex product does not meet the criterion in 21 CFR 1271.10(a).
Additionally, the clinical uses detailed in your protocols do not meet the definition of homologous use in 21 CFR 1271.3(c). Also records collected during inspection indicate clinical uses of the AdMSC product involving (b)(4) These uses would likely not be considered homologous use and as a result, the CellTex product does not meet the criterion in 21 CFR 1271.10(a) for regulation solely under section 361 of the PHS Act and 21 CFR Part 1271.
You are promoting the CellTex product in a manner that causes the product to be a drug under section 201(g) of the FDC Act [21 U.S.C. 321(g)] and a biological product as defined in section 351(i) of the PHS Act [42 U.S.C. 262(i)]. Please be advised that in order to lawfully market such a biological drug product, a valid biologics license must be in effect [21 U.S.C. 355(a); 42 U.S.C. 262(a)]. Such licenses are issued only after a showing of safety and efficacy for the product's intended use. While in the development stage, for example, while being studied in a clinical investigation, such products may be used in humans only if the sponsor has an investigational new drug (IND) application in effect as specified by FDA regulations [21 U.S.C. 355(i); 21 CFR Part 312]. The CellTex AdMSC product is not the subject of an approved biologics license application (BLA) nor is there an IND in effect. Based on this information, your product violates the FDC Act and the PHS Act.
Additionally, during the inspection, FDA investigators documented evidence of significant deviations from current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) and current good tissue practice (CGTP) in the manufacture of (b)(4) batches of your AdMSC product from July 2011 through April 2012. These deviations from CGMP and CGTP include the applicable requirements of Section 501(a)(2)(B) of the FDC Act, Sections 351(a) and 361 of the PHS Act, and Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations, (21 CFR) Parts 210, 211, and 1271.
At the close of the inspection, our investigators issued a Form FDA 483, Inspectional Observations, which described a number of significant objectionable conditions relating to your facility's compliance with CGMP and CGTP. These include, but are not limited to the following:
1. Failure to establish and follow written procedures designed to prevent microbiological contamination of drug products purporting to be sterile. Such procedures shall include validation of all aseptic and sterilization processes [21 CFR 211.113(b)]. For example:
a. The aseptic manufacturing process at your Sugarland, Texas facility has not been validated.
b. You have not validated your aseptic gowning process and routine personnel monitoring is not performed.
c. You have not validated your autoclave sterilization cycle. The autoclave is used to sterilize equipment used in aseptic processing.
2. Failure to establish and follow written production and process control procedures designed to assure that the drug products have the identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or are represented to possess and to assure such procedures are drafted, reviewed and approved by the appropriate organizational units [21 CFR 211.100(a)]. For example, you have failed to validate your manufacturing process at your Sugarland, Texas facility.
3. Failure to maintain laboratory controls that include the establishment of scientifically sound and appropriate specifications, standards, sampling plans, and test procedures designed to assure that components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, labeling, and drug products conform to appropriate standards of identity, strength, quality, and purity [21 CFR 211.160(b)]. Specifically, you do not perform testing of the final AdMSC product, including tests for identity, safety, purity and potency.
4. Failure to test the AdMSC product, a (b)(4) drug product, for the presence of (b)(4) although a reasonable possibility exists that the (b)(4) drug product has been exposed to cross contamination with (b)(4) Your firm used (b)(4) during culturing of your AdMSC product. Specifically, (b)(4) was used during manufacturing of the (b)(4) batches of your AdMSC product reviewed. The (b)(4) drug product must not be marketed if detectable levels of (b)(4) are found.
5. Failure to thoroughly investigate any unexplained discrepancy or the failure of a batch or any of its components to meet any of its specifications, whether or not the batch has already been distributed [21 CFR 211.192]. For example, there were no investigations performed for the following:
a. There were numerous in-process sterility failures for AdMSC batches.
b. Bacterial and fungal limits have been exceeded for the Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs) used in manufacturing, and in the gowning and general areas.
6. Failure to assure all drug product production and control records, including those for packaging and labeling, are reviewed and approved by the quality control unit to determine compliance with all established, approved written procedures before the batch is released or distributed [21 CFR 211.192]. There was no evidence of review and approval by the quality control unit prior to release of any of the (b)(4) batches of your AdMSC product.
7. You failed to assure batch production and control records are prepared for each batch of drug product produced and that you document that each significant step in the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the batch was accomplished [21 CFR 211.188(b)]. For example:
a. There is no documentation of the addition of (b)(4) to your final AdMSC product.
b. There is no documentation of the personnel involved in packaging of the final AdMSC product.
8. Failure to assure that distribution records contain the name and strength of the product and the description of the dosage form, and the name and address of the consignee [21 CFR 211.196]. Specifically, of the (b)(4) batches reviewed, all were lacking a product name, dosage form, and the name and address of the consignee.
9. Failure to establish and follow written procedures describing in sufficient detail the receipt, identification, storage, handling, sampling, testing, and approval or rejection of components and drug product containers and closures [21 CFR 211.80(a)]. Specifically, there are no written procedures in place for the supplies and reagents you use to manufacture your AdMSC product at your Sugarland, Texas facility.
10. Failure to assure that each lot of components, drug product containers, and closures shall be withheld from use until the lot has been sampled, tested, or examined, as appropriate, and released for use by the quality control unit [21 CFR 211.84(a)]. For example, the following components and containers are not tested or examined before release:
a. The (b)(4) used to rinse the cells and formulate the final drug product. More importantly, the Certificate of Analysis for the (b)(4) states: "For in vitro diagnostic use. CAUTION: Not for human or animal therapeutic use. Uses other than the labeled intended use may be a violation of local law."
b. The (b)(4) that contain the final product.
11. Failure to establish a written record of major equipment cleaning, maintenance and use to include in that record the date, time, product and lot number of each batch processed [21 CFR 211.182]. For example, there are no written records of cleaning, maintenance and use for the (b)(4) and BSCs used for aseptic processing or the refrigerators and freezers used to store (b)(4) and reagents used to manufacture the AdMSC product.
12. Failure to assure that automatic, mechanical and electronic equipment used in the manufacture, processing, packing and holding of a drug product is routinely calibrated, inspected or checked according to a written program designed to assure proper performance, and that written records of those calibration checks and inspections are maintained [21 CFR 211.68(a)]. Specifically, there is no evidence that operational or performance qualification has been performed for your BSCs to assure their proper function.
13. Failure to assure an adequate control system for temperature and humidity is in place to prevent contamination during aseptic processing [21 CFR 211.42(c)(10)(ii)]. Specifically, there is no system for the monitoring of temperature or humidity of the processing rooms at your Sugarland, Texas facility, where you manufacture the AdMSC product. The manufacturer's manual for your (b)(4) BSCs states that they should be operated in environmental conditions of a maximum relative humidity of (b)(4)
14. Failure to assure an air supply filtered through high-efficiency particulate air filters under positive pressure for aseptic processing operations is in place to prevent contamination during aseptic processing [21 CFR 211.42(c)(10)(iii)]. Specifically, your Sugarland, Texas facility does not filter the air supply through high-efficiency particulate air filters under positive pressure between the clean rooms and the exterior rooms to assure that non-controlled air does not flow into the clean rooms.
15. Failure to assure a system for monitoring environmental conditions is in place to prevent contamination during aseptic processing [21 CFR 211.42(c)(10)(iv)]. Specifically, your Sugarland, Texas facility does not have an established environmental monitoring program.
16. Failure to establish and follow written procedures describing the handling of all written and oral complaints regarding a drug product [21 CFR 211.198(a)]. Specifically, during the inspection you could not provide evidence of the existence of written procedures describing the handling of written and oral complaints related to your AdMSC product.
17. Failure to establish a quality control unit that shall have:
a. The responsibility and authority to approve or reject all components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, packaging material, labeling, and drug products, and the authority to review production records to assure that no errors have occurred or, if errors have occurred, that they have been fully investigated [21 CFR 211.22(a)];
b. The responsibility for approving or rejecting all procedures or specifications impacting on the identity, strength, quality, and purity of the product [21 CFR 211.22(c)];
c. The responsibilities and procedures applicable to the quality control unit in writing [21 CFR 211.22(d)].
18. Failure to label each HCT/P in accordance with the requirements in 21 CFR 1271.370. For example:
a. The following information does not appear on the AdMSC product label: a distinct identification number affixed to the HCT/P container, and assigned in accordance with 21 CFR 1271.290(c); a description of the type of HCT/P; an expiration date, if any.
b. The AdMSC product, which is for autologous use, was not prominently labeled as being "For autologous use only." This warning is required under 21 CFR 1271.90(b).
Additionally, significant deviations in the manufacture of your AdMSC intermediates were observed during the inspection. These deviations violate Section 501(a)(2)(B) of the FDC Act and Section 351(a) of the PHS Act. Specific areas of concern include, but are not limited to:
19. You have not qualified any of the equipment used in manufacture, processing, packaging and holding of your AdMSC intermediates at your Sugarland, Texas facility.
20. There are no procedures designed to assure proper performance of equipment used in the culture/expansion of your AdMSC intermediates. For example:
a. You did not calibrate your (b)(4) for temperature and (b)(4) to assure that their displays are accurate. Your manufacturing record specifies that culture is to be performed at (b)(4) degrees Celsius and (b)(4)
b. There is no indication that the temperature of the refrigerators and freezers used to store culture media, (b)(4) , and reagents used to manufacture the AdMSC product is consistently monitored.
21. The (b)(4) and (b)(4) used in production are placed directly on the floor rather than elevated on tables. Discarded (b)(4) and media bottles were observed next to this equipment during use.
PRODUCTION AND PROCESS CONTROLS
22. You have not validated your cell culture process and the aseptic processing involved in culturing of the cells. There were numerous in-process sterility failures for AdMSC batches indicating a lack of control of your aseptic process.
23. You do not document the daily checks of your culture (b)(4) for evidence of contamination.
24. You do not document checks of (b)(4) for contamination, or the routine changing of the (b)(4) in the (b)(4)
25. You do not document the temperature of your (b)(4) used during the adipose tissue (b)(4) step for isolating stem cells. Your Batch Production Record specifies that the temperature of the (b)(4) be (b)(4) degrees Celsius for the (b)(4) step.
26. The components used in production were not always labeled correctly, which could result in mix-ups. For example:
a. A bottle labeled (b)(4) on one side was labeled (b)(4) on the other.
b. A bottle containing the culture medium (b)(4) (mesenchymal stem cell attachment culture medium supplemented with (b)(4) was labeled (b)(4) on the lid, but (b)(4) on the side.
27. On numerous occasions you failed to conduct investigations on sterility, (b)(4) and (b)(4) failures or "Indeterminate" results. Additionally, you did not investigate environmental excursions of "Too Numerous to Count" (TNTC) in the (b)(4) used for manufacture of your AdMSC intermediates.
CONTROL OF COMPONENTS
28. There are no procedures for receipt, identification, storage, handling, sampling, testing, and approval or rejection of the following supplies and components used to culture and expand the AdMSC intermediates.
a. The (b)(4) used to prevent bacterial and fungal growth in the culture media.
b. The (b)(4) and (b)(4) used for cell expansion.
c. The (b)(4) used to harvest the AdMSC intermediates.
d. The (b)(4) and (b)(4) conical (b)(4) tubes.
e. The (b)(4) , and (b)(4) serological pipettes.
f. The (b)(4) added to the cells as a (b)(4) .
29. (b)(4) frozen vials of isolated AdMSCs, which had not been expanded in culture, were received from the RNL locations in Germantown, MD, and Seoul, Korea for use in manufacturing. You had no records associated with these components.
REVIEW OF INSPECTIONAL RESPONSES
We acknowledge receipt of your written responses dated April 27, May 18, May 31, July 31, and August 31, 2012, which seek to address the inspectional observations on the Form FDA 483 issued at the close of the inspection, and we have reviewed their contents. We have concluded that your responses did not provide sufficient detail to fully assess the adequacy of your corrective actions.
Overall Response
Please provide details as to how you plan to deal with the biological drugs that have already been manufactured at your Sugarland, Texas facility in violation of the FDC Act and PHS Act. Additionally, we note that SOP's and records collected during the inspection as well as translated copies provided in your correspondence appear to relate to your RNL Bio facility in Korea and not your Sugarland, Texas facility. In your response, please address the concerns that your AdMSC product is a drug as defined in section 321(g) of the FDC Act and biological product as defined in section 351(i) of the PHS Act.
Neither this letter nor the observations noted on the form FDA 483, which were discussed with you at the conclusion of the inspection, are intended to be an all-inclusive list of deficiencies that may exist at your facility. It is your responsibility as management to assure that your establishment is in compliance with the provisions of the FDC Act, PHS Act, and all applicable Federal laws and regulations.
You should take prompt action to correct these deviations. Failure to promptly correct these deviations may result in regulatory action without further notice. Such actions include seizure and/or injunction.
For further information about IND requirements, contact Dr. Patrick Riggins, Director of Regulatory Management Staff, Office of Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies, at (301) 827-5366. Please include a copy of this letter with your initial submission to CBER.
Please notify this office in writing, within 15 working days of receipt of this letter, of any additional steps you have taken or will take to correct the noted violations and to prevent their recurrence. Include any documentation necessary to show that correction has been achieved. Corrective actions addressed in your prior responses may be referenced in your subsequent response. If you do not believe your product is in violation of the FDC Act and PHS Act, include your reasoning and any supporting information for our consideration. If corrective actions cannot be completed within 15 working days, state the reason for the delay and the time within which the corrections will be completed.
Your response should be sent to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, HFM-600, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1448. If you have any questions regarding this letter, please contact the Division of Case Management, CBER at 301-827-6201.
Mary A. Malarkey
Office of Compliance and Biologics Quality
Warning Letter Company Response
Celltex Therapeutics Corporation Response Letter 10/16/12


I have been playing Neith from her release, and i find this build and gamestyle best, at least for me.
I find Build #1 working in most situations, but if you fill you won't be dying much Heartseeker will give you very big advantage over them.
Tian Bane is must have for Neith since you gonna have to be able to snipe even armored gods.
The Executor is also very good items for Neith, since your root duration least 2 seconds and you will be able to land 2-3 shots no problem, and with the reduced armor you can use your ult for additional stun if the target is escaping.
I think Neith is best for left lane (not any lane, LEFT lane).
Almost any god is good with Neith in lane, but best working i find: Ymir, Bacchus, Agni, Anhur.
After this you want to get blue mana buff, for this you gonna need 3 gods at this. With the mana buff you gonna get some early harassment on the enemy, and almost sure first minute kill. And this is how: After you secure mana buff, you wait enemy gods to arrive, you heal and dmg one of them and try to kill all their archers. When all creeps are gone, you are lvl2 and with your first you root one god. If your laneing teammate knows what he is doing, you have a kill, if now, the enemy god should be very low that he returns to base or uses all pots.
Because you have constant mana for the next minute, you want to get most out of it, with your second you gonna heal and dmg enemy gods, and if you can catch them in root.
Your mana buff is gone my now, and you gonna need to use all your mana pots to keep harassing them. By the time you use your third, mana buff should be up again, and you need to get it and then again back to the lane (without going to the base).
If all goes to plan by the time mana buff is off, you need to have between 2500-3000 gold. This is the time to go back to base.
On the way back to your lane, go in the jungle and build few stacks. Tell your mid mate to back a bit so you be able to gank mid. With your ult, this kill is 100%.
After this i continue laning for a bit more till i build my stacks, and then back to ganking and looking if there is any enemy to snipekill.


An Australian team of researchers have developed a thermometer that is several times more sensitive than the best produced so far.
Viking sailors may have been able to navigate after sunset, despite having no magnetic compasses and relying on sun compasses, says a team of researchers from Hungary and Sweden.
The incredible evolving toothbrush or the end of creativity?
Opinion Has technological change reached the stage of producing useless novelties? Archaeologist Mike Rowland explores whether or not the age of human creativity is drawing to an end.
Life saver US researchers have developed a spray foam that can be injected into a wounded soldier's abdominal cavity to help stop internal bleeding.
Scientists have figured out how porcupine barbs work together to make it is so easy for quills to penetrate tissue but so hard to pull them out.
The Eureka Awards last night honoured some of the leading innovations in Australian science in the past 12 months.
Quiz Put your knowledge of Aussie science under the microscope. Take our quiz to discover how much you know about some of our scientists and scientific discoveries.


MELBOURNE (Reuters) - Australia's Woodside Petroleum said on Monday it had evacuated all personnel from offshore production platforms off Western Australia ahead of Cyclone Veronica, and was operating the North West Shelf LNG and Pluto LNG plants on skeleton staff.
Tropical cyclone Veronica was about 95 kilometres east north east of Karratha, the location of the two LNG plants, early on Monday.
"Once the immediate risks have passed, Woodside's focus will remain the ongoing welfare of our people, their families and our communities, and the safe return to full operations of our production facilities," the company said.


Schofield, Robert E. (1963年). The Lunar Society, A Social History of Provincial Science and Industry in Eighteenth Century England. Clarendon Press.
Uglow, Jenny (2002年). The Lunar Men. ロンドン: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
^ Thurston, Robert Henry (1878). A history of the growth of the steam-engine. The International Scientific Series. New York: D. Appleton & Company. p. 80. http://books.google.ca/books?id=HguRSvxVtuAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false.
^ Muirhead, James Patrick (1859). The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence (2 ed.). John Murray. p. 10. http://books.google.ca/books?id=aA5VAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false.
^ Klooster, John W. (2009). Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates. Icons of invention. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 30. ISBN 9780313347436. http://books.google.ca/books?id=WKuG-VIwID8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false.
^ Muirhead, James Patrick (1859). The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence (2 ed.). John Murray. p. 4,7. http://books.google.ca/books?id=aA5VAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false.
^ James Watt's Fire Engines Patent Act, 1775 (15 Geo 3 c. 61), which in those days required an Act of Parliament.
^ Brown, Richard (1991). Society and Economy in Modern Britain 1700-1850. London: Routledge. p. 60. ISBN 9780203402528.
^ Rolls, Erich (1930), An Early Experiment in Industrial Organisation: Being a History of the Firm of Boulton & Watt, 1775-1805, London: Longman's Green and Co.
^ Hills vol 3 p 116.
^ Carnegie, Andrew (1905). "10". James Watt. Doubleday, Page and Company. オリジナルの2009年7月8日時点によるアーカイブ。. http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090708035219/http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/ch10.html.
Thomas H. Marshall、『James Watt』 1925年、 Chapter 3: Mathematical Instrument Maker, from Steam Engine Library[リンク切れ] of ロチェスター大学 Department of History.
Hills, Rev. Dr. Richard L.、『James Watt, Vol 1, His time in Scotland, 1736-1774』 2002年 Vol 2, 『The years of toil, 1775-1785』Vol 3、『Triumph through adversity 1785-1819』、Landmark Publishing Ltd, ISBN 1-84306-045-0.
アンドリュー・カーネギー (2001年(初版1913年)). James Watt University Press of the Pacific. ISBN 0-89875-578-6.
Dickenson, H. W. (1935年). James Watt: Craftsman and Engineer. Cambridge University Press.
Hulse David K. (1999年). The early development of the steam engine. Leamington Spa, UK: TEE Publishing. pp. 127–152. ISBN 1 85761 107 1.
Hulse David K. (2001年). The development of rotary motion by steam power. Leamington, UK: TEE Publishing Ltd.. ISBN 1 85761 119 5.
Marsden, Ben 『Watt's Perfect Engine』 Columbia University Press 2002年 ニューヨーク ISBN 0-231-13172-0.
Muirhead, James Patrick (1854年). Origin and Progress of the Mechanical Inventions of James Watt. ロンドン: John Murray. http://books.google.com/books?id=9lspAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Origin+and+Progress+of+the+Mechanical+Inventions+of+James+Watt..
Muirhead, James Patrick (1858年). The Life of James Watt. ロンドン: John Murray. http://books.google.com/books?id=zUE6AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+life+of+James+Watt+with+selections+from+his+correspondence.


This chapter reviews our current state of knowledge on the structure and functional pattern of the water oxidizing complex (WOC) in photosynthesis. The reactions leading to oxidative water splitting into molecular oxygen and four protons take place at a multimeric metal center, the Mn4OxCa cluster (x symbolizes the number of oxo-bridges). The overall process consists of a reaction sequence of four oxidation steps (Kok cycle), which is energetically driven by the strongly oxidizing cation radical P680+˙ with tyrosine YZ acting as intermediary redox carrier. The energetics and kinetics of these reactions are described. Based on the Kok-scheme as a fingerprint for the interpretation of spectroscopic data, information is obtained on the electronic configuration and nuclear geometry of the different redox states Si, in particular on the valence states and the distances between the metal centers. Furthermore, the exchange kinetics of substrate water in the Si states are presented. The transitions S0 → S1 and S1 → S2 are shown to be metal-centered redox steps, while S2 → S3 is favored to be a ligand-centered reaction. The redox states S3 and/or S3YZOX could comprise redox isomerism and tautomerism equilibria. Finally, we attempt to cast our current knowledge about photosynthetic water splitting into a mechanism.


text:
Q: how to pdfjoin landscape and portrait oriented JPEG images to one PDF file? I have some JPEG files. Most of them are landscape oriented, but some are portrait oriented.
I want to combine them into one big PDF file. I tried pdfjoin but this results in all images beeing landscape oriented.
Strange thing is: When I do the joining only on the portrait oriented images, then all images are portrait oriented. Same with all images that are landscape oriented. But if I do pdfjoin on all images at a time, then the result is always landscape oriented, which means, that if you watch the PDF file you have to turn your head by 90 degrees to watch the images that were portrait oriented originally.
I would like to have an easy command line solution for this.

A: Oh, I just found a solution. I used GraphicsMagick to achieve it. So pdfjoin wasn't a good choice.
This is my solution:
gm convert *jpeg output.pdf

Still I ask myself if there is a solution with pdfjoin or similar. Just curious.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: React/TypeScript Dynamic Switch Statement using Dependency Injection I am currently working on a Websocket communication bus on React using typescript. Currently, trying to refactor this code:
public onClientMessage(msg: IMessage) {
  switch (msg.type) {
    case "init": {
      this.handleInit(msg);
      break;
    }
    case "authorize": {
      this.handleAuthorize(msg);
      break;
    }
    case "render": {
      this.handleRender(msg as IRenderMessage);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      console.warn("Unsupported type. Type: ", msg.type);
      break;
    }
  }
}

So that it can be abstracted out and other classes can add new message type and function call to this method.
I was looking into Dependency Injection (more or less http://inversify.io/). However, i feel it might be an overkill for a simple task.
Is there something else you guys can suggest? I also thought about something like this:
private map = new Map<Message, (msg) => void>([
  [Message.Init, this.handleInit(msg)],
  [Message.Authorize, this. handleAuthorize(msg)],
  [Message.Render, this. handleRender(msg)] ...
]);

onClientMessage(msgType: Message, msg: IMessage) {
  if (this.map.has(msgType)) {
    this.map.get(msgType)();
  }
}

And basically append to the map.
Is there a better solution?

A: Problem Definition
You have a socket receiving messages. You want to dynamically add handlers that are executed depending on the type of the message, but you do not know upfront what handlers exist, but want to add them dynamically. Actually, they should add themselves.
So basically, you need some Manager that exposes an API to register or remove handlers and on messages triggers the right handlers.
A word on Dependency Injection
Dependency Injection solves a different problem. Using inversion of control it solves the problem of not knowing the implementation or instance of a specific service or API while knowing upfront what API is needed - so it depends on it. In general, letting the context decide for a specific implementation or instance to provide the dependency helps isolating, meshups and especially reasoning about the unit (e.g. for unit testing). There is more to say about dependency injection, but it should already be clear, that it is not suited to solve the problem defintion on its on (but it will be helpful as stated later).
Solution Approach
Building a Manager is easy and your Map is the right approach. Basically, you need some kind of mapping to know which handler to call for an incoming message. You cold now decide if you allow a single handler per type or multiple. You currently allow a single handler per type in the Map. If you want to support multiple you keep the key (message type) and the value of the map would become a list of handlers.
The Manager API To let modules register and remove themselves, I would suggest to apply an observer (or listener) pattern. Here you could also decide if your manager actually takes control of who to call or if the listeners / observers are called on every message and they themselve decide if they want to react on the message. The latter is common to redux, but for your usecase a manager in control seems a good choice. You also want to embed the onClientMessage in the manager (this is often called emit in terms of events that are emitted to the listeners).
From your current Map approach you just need to encapsulate that map in a class that provides registering and removing listeners:
const createMessageHandlerManager = () => {
  // message-type => listener
  const listeners = {};
  return {
    addListener: (key, listener) => {
      if (listeners[key]) {
        throw new Error(`Listener already present for key '${key}'`);
      }
      listeners[key] = listener;
    },
    removeListener: (key) => {
      if (!key || !listeners[key])) {
        return;
      }
      delete listeners[key];
    },
    onClientMessage: (msgType: Message, msg: IMessage) => {
      const handler = listeners[msgType];
      if (handler) {
        handler(msg);
      }
    },
  };
};

Providing the manager is the next task.  Using const manager = createMessageHandlerManager() it is created, but who should create it? How do your modules get to know the manager? Either you have some kind of global state that all your modules can refer to, so they can register themselves (or their event handlers) to the manager. OR during their construction they require a reference to the manager (making it dependency injection). The decision is yours and depends on the context where you want to apply such pattern. If, for example, you want properly test your modules, I would suggest that dependency injection is a good idea, because it is very easy to mock the manager and isolate the unit under test.
A module (e.g. a component) then basically could register with the manager on mount and unregister on unmount:
const ModuleA = ({ messageHandlerManager }) => {
  const handleInit = useCallback(msg => console.log(msg), []);
  const handleAuthorize = useCallback(msg => console.log(msg), []);
  useEffect(() => {
    messageHandlerManager.addListener(Message.Init, handleInit);
    messageHandlerManager.addListener(Message.Authorize, handleAuthorize);
    return () => {
      messageHandlerManager.removeListener(Message.Init, handleInit);
      messageHandlerManager.removeListener(Message.Authorize, handleAuthorize);
    };
  }, []);

  // ... render ...
};

Summary
To get rid of the switch in order to make it dynamic you already have a good approach. Just encapsulate the map and the onClientMessage together with register/remove API in a manager. Next, decide who is reponsible for creating and providing the manager to the modules and you are good to go!


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Wendy Davis Is Running for Congress
News Politics
Jul 22, 2019, 2:44pm Ally Boguhn
Wendy Davis, who filibustered an omnibus anti-choice Texas law in 2013, has entered the race to unseat a Republican who believes abortion care "has no place in American society."
The national spotlight from her filibuster gave Davis a platform she quickly used to launch a run for higher office. She announced her campaign for governor in October 2013, losing the race by almost 20 points to Republican Greg Abbott the following November.
Stewart F. House/Getty Images
Wendy Davis, the Democrat who in 2013 famously filibustered sweeping anti-choice legislation in the Texas Senate, launched her campaign Monday to represent the state's 21st Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Davis' filibuster of the Texas omnibus anti-choice bill lasted 13 hours. The Republican measure later passed, shuttering abortion clinics throughout the state. Several provisions of the law were ultimately struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court in June 2016.
"I've learned that I'm at my best when I'm fighting for people," Davis said in a video announcing her campaign that recounted her biography and referenced the filibuster. "I'm running for Congress because peoples' voices are still being silenced. I'm running for our children and grandchildren so they can live and love and fight for change themselves."
Davis' decision to run for Congress will likely put national attention on the race to unseat freshman Rep. Chip Roy. High-ranking Democrats including House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) are slated to host an event "in support of" her campaign this week, according to a report from the Texas Tribune.
Roy won his congressional seat in 2018 by just 2.6 percentage points. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, the arm of the party that seeks to elect Democrats to the House, added the seat to its target list in January.
On his campaign page, Roy highlights his opposition to abortion as a key component of his platform. He believes "that life begins at conception," echoing so-called personhood rhetoric that if enacted into law could criminalize abortion and some forms of contraception. In a February post to his campaign site lauding the finalization of the Trump administration's anti-choice restrictions on Title X, Roy said, "Abortion has no place in American society …. We must do everything possible to stop abortion in any form."
2020 Elections, 2020 Elections, Candidates views, Democrats, HB 2, Texas, TX-21, Wendy Davis
Commentary Politics
Analysis Politics
Jan 13, 10:35am Robyn Powell
Jan 10, 8:57am Dennis Carter
Jan 7, 10:41am Aimee Arrambide, Jordyn Close & Sarah Lopez

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On June 22, outrigger canoe racers from across the globe will once again test their strength in this year's Liberty Challenge race through New York Harbor. The event, put on by the New York Outrigger Club and sponsored by Hawaiian Airlines, celebrates both endurance paddling and Polynesian culture, all with a dash of New York City charisma.
Since its inception in 1996, the regatta has drawn more than 300-world class athletes each year to paddle against the strong tidal currents of the Hudson and East rivers. Teams from Australia, Britain, Hawaii, California, Florida and New York have already signed up to weave their boats around the ferries, cruise ships, tour boats, barges, tankers and pleasure crafts that fill the harbor – a paddling experience varying greatly from many of the teams' more rural training grounds.
Men, women and co-ed tearms will race in heats over the course of the day. The men's and women's races cover 15-miles while the co-ed teams paddle an abbreviated 11-mile course.
Set against an iconic backdrop of the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island and the Brooklyn Bridge, thousands of spectators will have the opportunity to interact with the athletes as the teams launch their canoes. By standing at the end of TriBeCa's Pier 26, spectators can also easily gain a clear view of the race's dramatic start and finish.
On top of the thrill a world-class competition like this brings, the festival is also a celebration of the sport's Polynesian roots. As musicians flown in from Hawaii especially for the festival perform, visitors can try their hand at lei-making or outrigger paddling, participate in yoga classes and taste traditional eats from the Pacific Islands provided by one of the many food vendors scheduled for the event.
The New York Outrigger Club is a volunteer-driven non-profit that works to provide New Yorkers with a unique opportunity to experience the city through its waterways while teaching paddlers about the sport's Polynesian background.
For more information on the Liberty Challenge or the New York Outriggers, visit newyorkoutrigger.org.


Airaa Movie Review; The interlink between serial killings in Chennai and some supernatural power in a Pollachi village is what Airaa all about. Yamuna from Madras enters a haunted house in Pollachi and stays there to shoot a fake ghost video to make it sensational in YouTube along with her handicapped grandmother and Yogi Babu. With their help, she plans to create a fake ghost video which apparently turns as her biggest turning point.
Meanwhile, in Chennai, actor Kalai loses his friend Bhavani in a road accident and the story revolves around these two events from Pollachi and Chennai. Nayantara has acted in two roles as a servant and another one as a writer on YouTube. Like other directors, director Sarjun did not change the fact that a village girl should look black onscreen. Though the black toned Bhavani was well performed by Nayan which makes the film highly recommended.
The Strength of the film is the characterisation enacted by Nayan as both Bhavani and Yamuna. The film has a weakness of narrative followed in a usual template as like a usual horror movie. Like her previous Dora movie, Airaa gets deviated through a weak screenplay followed by strong performances by the cast.
Sarjun, who gave powerful short films Maa and Lakshmi and also a hard-hitting feature film Echarikkai has made Airaa which was highly expected and finally got a bit let down from the expectations. Yogi Babu's comedy in the film does not offer much to the audience while Nayan catches the audience eyes in the slippery screenplay.


text:
Q: What display cables and adapters should I use to connect a second monitor to GTX670? I searched a lot and now I'm just confused with all those M/M, F/F, F/M cables.
I have a GTX670 videocard with jacks DVI, DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort:

The bottom-right DVI (with "plus") is used for my main monitor "Dell U2412M". Here are my main monitor jacks:

I want to simultaneously connect another smaller monitor which only has VGA input.
I read on forums that the videocard doesn't support using analog and digital outputs simultaneously
What adapters and cables do I have to use? Which should be M/M, F/F, M/F? Will it work if my monitors have different resolutions?

A: You should be able to use both - I'm pretty sure I've done it before.
You do not want to be using the bottom DVI connector in this setup since that's essentially your only analog port. Its DVI-I (which as you'll see can be broken out into VGA)
The top DVI connector (that's DVI-D) would be a better option for the monitor that's currently using DVI.
In your shoes, I'd dig out the DVI-I -> VGA converter that should have come with your card. This will have a male DVI-I connector (or a DVI-A one. Dosen't really matter here) and a female VGA port.  Plug it into the bottom DVI port, plug one end of the VGA cable on the female vga port and plug the VGA only monitor into it.  It would look like this

Take a DVI cable (both ends are the same and should be a male connector with a - _, and plug it into the top port and your Dell monitor. It should just work. Alternately you can use a full size display port cable (If you have one. Not much difference at these resolutions).
While there's a few oddities (like scaling) with dissimilar monitors, there's no reason it shouldn't work

A: According to http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/forum/371378-33-gettings-monitors-work you can sue one analog signal at a time.
That would fit your requirements as you only have 2 monitors (one digital and one analog).
You also need a DVI-I to VGA connector, because DVI-D does not support analog signals.
The cable needs to be M/M (male to male), but always check using pictures of the adapter and the connector of your monitor.

Here is a picture to tell which DVI connector is D (digital) and which one is I.


Choose one of the Herman Miller barstools and furnish the interior with pieces that combine functionality, form and style. In the collection below a wide variety of designs is presented - browse and get inspired.
Beautiful styling and an impressive combination of an intense seat color with matte finish delight in this Herman Miller bar stool. Mid-century modern design adds a whole taste and elegance, and the swivel seat and wheels functionality.
A great mix of modern elegance and durable craftsmanship, this indoor bar stool comes with an easy to clean surface and streamlined design. Offers a molded purple fiberglass chair that rests on a steel rod legs with adjustable feet.
Offer something a little different to your kitchen or home bar with this light and modern bar stool. The design ensures that it's not only comfortable with the back and seat padding but also stylish and classy.
Gorgeous and comfortable; those 2 mid-century barstools boast of durable construction and stylish appearance. They come with distressed wood legs, metal ring footrests, padded seats, shapely backs, and orange vinyl upholstery.
With a such a stylish Herman Miller bar stool any decor can be elevated into another level. It features the Mid-Century design, swivel mechanism, red leather cover and comfortable seat.
The perfect combination of the silver, sleek, heavy chrome base with the black upholstery of the seat and back of this bar stool offers the ultimate modern design that will blend with your interior style amazingly without doubt.
Complement dining area, kitchen or home bar with this adjustable swivel bar stool in minimalist modern design. Its durable frame has a silver chrome finish, high adjust mechanism. S-shaped seat has a soft white upholstery.
Bar stool featuring chrome finished base, footrest, seat made of plywood and upholstered with high quality fabric. Additionally, it features seat height adjustment mechanism and original, mid-century design.
Class in the design itself, this amazing brown leather bar stool comes with quilted back that offers a more unique feel to the interior, as well as the silver metal nailhead trim, providing a modern accent for your home.
A stool that offers the incredibly clever design, making sure to be an instant hit in your home. The overall black finish makes it look both classy and modern, while the leather upholstery provides comfort and the stainless chrome frame is strong and sturdy.
Add both comfort and some color to your modern styled interior with this bar stool in red finish of the seat and back upholstery. It is thickly padded and soft, offers you plenty of back support and the extra convenience of a footrest.
This bar stool or a side dining chair comes with a heavy-duty chrome base that adds a sleek and modern look to the whole piece, while the versatile black upholstery on the seat and back is sure to work amazingly in any decor.
A bar stool with chrome and wood base for more sturdiness. This piece comes with silver metal nailhead trim and amazing white leather upholstery, that all give it a contemporary look, making it a perfect accent for your kitchen or even bedroom.
This amazing bar stool has a design that will finally stop your from worrying that you will wobble or just won't feel safe sitting in it - it is strong and durable, especially since it comes with a heavy chrome base and the black finish is versatile and neutral.
A beautiful pair of barstools for indoor use, designed of quality materials and available in red and bright yellow finish. Each barstool holds an ergonomic seat attached to the wood legs - reinforced with X-shaped metal stretchers and a metal ring footrest.
This 24-Inch Swivel Bar Stool in Rustic Medium Cherry Finish is characterized by a round seat crafted of solid birch hardwood. The tubular frame is made of durable metal, with curvy legs and ring foot rest.
This Medium Wood Bench in Black & Natural Finish is characterized by a Parawood seat and polished stainless steel legs. The bench also features chrome plating metal foot glides, and fits both modern and contemporary décor.
This space saving and functional 24-Inch Bar Stool in Silver Finish is so durable it can easily be used indoors as well as outdoors. The frame is welded for maximum durability and an eye-catching appearance.
Who said white upholstery can't look elegant? In fact, it looks even better than the regular black finishes and this bar stool is no exception. It comes with a stainless steel frame and swivel function for extra convenience and strength.
This eye-catching bar stool in silver finish features a sturdy aluminum frame, with a square footrest and non-skid caps. The stool is UV-resistant, with a functional swivel seat. Wipe clean with a dry cloth.
Bar stool in traditional form. Base is made of metal and fitted with anti slip pads to prevent scratching the surface. Seat and back is upholstered with pleasant to the touch fabric.
It is a modern bar height stool that has got a steel wire mesh with chrome feet. It adds style and comfort to your dining room and kitchen. It can be used in outdoor and indoor area.
This is ideal for a pub table. He is tall and has a special footing, which is located at the bottom. Stoli is round. It was made of metal. It is niezaduży, but very practical. It is very simply and nice.
A modern dining chair or bar stool perfect for your home with the vibrant red seat and the design that is not only fun and cool to look at, but comfortable and convenient. It offers support for your back and a footrest.
This counter height stool has got a contemporary design, silver stainless steel frame and padded seat. Everyone will tell you how amazing this chair looks in your modern dining room area.
Create a contemporary interior in your dining room or kitchen with a little help from this amazing piece. It not only offers an extremely comfortable seating experience with the padded seat and back but looks both simple and stunning.
This Small Wood Bench in Black & Natural Finish is characterized by a Parawood seat and polished stainless steel legs. The bench also features chrome plating metal foot glides, and fits both modern and contemporary décor.
Contemporary Kitchen Bar Stools, Modern Bar Stools, Cheap Bar Stools.


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Home > Faculty Profiles > David N. Beratan
David N. Beratan
R.J. Reynolds Distinguished Professor of Chemistry
(919 660-1605
david.beratan@duke.edu
Beratan Research Group
Dr. Beratan is developing theoretical approaches to understand the function of complex molecular and macromolecular systems, including: the molecular underpinnings of energy harvesting and charge transport in biology; the mechanism of solar energy capture and conversion in man-made structures; the nature of charge conductivity in naturally occurring nucleic acids and in synthetic constructs, including the photochemical repair of damaged DNA in extremophiles; CH bond activation by copper oxygenase enzymes; the flow of charge in bacterial appendages on the micrometer length scale; the theoretical foundations for inverse molecular design - the property driven discovery of chemical structures with optimal properties; the exploitation of molecular diversity in the mapping of molecular and materials "space"; the use of infra-red excitation to manipulate electron transport through molecules; the optical signatures of molecular chirality and the influence of chirality on charge transport. Prof. Beratan is affiliated with the Departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Physics, as well as Duke's programs in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Structural Biology and Biophysics, Nanosciences, and Phononics.
Ph.D., California Institute of Technology 1986
B.S., Duke University 1980
Theoretical, Physical, Biomolecular Structure and Function, Biological, Education, Inorganic, Nanoscience and Materials
Lim, E., et al. "Effects of S-containing ligands on the structure and electronic properties of CdnSen/CdnTen nanoparticles (n = 3, 4, 6, and 9)." Chemical Physics, vol. 407, Oct. 2012, pp. 97–109. Scopus, doi:10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.09.005. Full Text
Beratan, David N., and José N. Onuchic. "Redox redux.." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : Pccp, vol. 14, no. 40, Oct. 2012. Epmc, doi:10.1039/c2cp90148j. Full Text
Keinan, Shahar, et al. "Interfacial hydration, dynamics and electron transfer: multi-scale ET modeling of the transient [myoglobin, cytochrome b5] complex.." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : Pccp, vol. 14, no. 40, Oct. 2012, pp. 13881–89. Epmc, doi:10.1039/c2cp41949a. Full Text
Wierzbinski, E., et al. "Correction to effect of backbone flexibility on charge transfer rates in Peptide nucleic Acid duplexes.." Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 134, no. 31, Aug. 2012. Epmc, doi:10.1021/ja306598z. Full Text
Wierzbinski, Emil, et al. "Effect of backbone flexibility on charge transfer rates in peptide nucleic acid duplexes.." Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 134, no. 22, June 2012, pp. 9335–42. Epmc, doi:10.1021/ja301677z. Full Text
Jiang, N., et al. "Design of coupled porphyrin chromophores with unusually large hyperpolarizabilities." Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 116, no. 17, May 2012, pp. 9724–33. Scopus, doi:10.1021/jp2115065. Full Text
Kuznetsov, A. E., et al. "Structural and electronic properties of bare and capped Cd nSen/CdnTen Nanoparticles (n = 6, 9)." Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 116, no. 12, Mar. 2012, pp. 6817–30. Scopus, doi:10.1021/jp2109187. Full Text
Balabin, Ilya A., et al. "Exploring biological electron transfer pathway dynamics with the Pathways plugin for VMD.." Journal of Computational Chemistry, vol. 33, no. 8, Mar. 2012, pp. 906–10. Epmc, doi:10.1002/jcc.22927. Full Text
Polizzi, Nicholas F., et al. "Physical constraints on charge transport through bacterial nanowires.." Faraday Discussions, vol. 155, Jan. 2012, pp. 43–62. Epmc, doi:10.1039/c1fd00098e. Full Text
Wolak, M. A., et al. "Electronic structure of self-assembled peptide nucleic acid thin films." Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 115, no. 34, Sept. 2011, pp. 17123–35. Scopus, doi:10.1021/jp201602j. Full Text


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Evictions & Landlord/Tenant Issues – SKLH/MTG Monthly Hot Topic Webinar
When: Aug 6, 2020 01:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Topic: Monthly Hot Topic Webinar – Evictions & Landlord/Tenant Issues
Register in advance for this webinar:
https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_3IVwdWP9Rf2xiYPgf-7Ocg
Webinar Speakers
Greg Sanda (Partner @Schiller Knapp Lefkowitz & Hertzel, LLP)
Greg is a partner with Schiller, Knapp, Lefkowitz & Hertzel, LLP, a full service creditors' rights and default servicing law firm covering NY, NJ, PA, and VT, and is jointly responsible for the firm's complex foreclosure litigation and eviction departments. His practice also focuses on commercial mortgage foreclosures, appellate work, and commercial litigation. Greg has instructed on all topics related to foreclosure since 2014, and has presented at various industry events on developments in foreclosure law, post-foreclosure issues, including eviction, the FDCPA, and other debt collection laws and regulations. Greg is a graduate of the University of Massachusetts (B.B.A. 1999), the George Washington University Law School (J.D. 2003), and the George Washington University School of Business (M.B.A. 2003).
Annalise Hayes Deluca (Partner @McMichael Taylor Gray, LLC)
Annalise Hayes DeLuca brings over eight years of creditor's rights experience to the MTG team. Prior to joining the firm, she spent the last five years as a Partner at Scrivanich | Hayes where she managed foreclosure, bankruptcy and litigation. Annalise joins the firm as a Partner in their Florida practice. Ms. DeLuca received her bachelor's degree from Florida State University and her Juris Doctorate from Nova Southeastern University. She is a national member of the Order of Barristers and lives in South Florida with her husband, Jason. She enjoys spending her free time traveling, cooking, skiing and hanging with her Italian Greyhound, Vixen.
2020-08-03T20:31:58-04:00August 3rd, 2020|News|
Evictions in the COVID-19 Era
DS News Article Florida Supreme Court Addresses Admissibility Of Business Records
McMichael Taylor Gray Is Pleased To Announce Christine Cotton Has Been Named Chief Operations Officer
MTG's Matthew Ciccio Obtains Favorable Opinion from the Supreme Court of Florida
MTG Hires John P. Fetner as North Carolina, Managing Attorney


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Q: how to apply plugin from another module I have two modules app and lib.
I have added a separate file called plugin.gradle in lib module that includes a plugin as shown below
apply plugin: TestPlugin
class TestPlugin implements Plugin<Project>{

    @Override
    void apply(Project project) {
        project.task("test"){
            doLast {

               println "testing"
            }
        }
    }
}

in order to apply this plugin in lib build.gradle module ,i added the following which works perfectly fine
apply from: 'plugin.gradle'

however I can't figure out how to apply this plugin into another module (the app module)

A: apply from: "${project(':yourlib').projectDir}/file.gradle"

where yourlib is the module containing file.gradle


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Compliance Project
Guidance on the ArcGIS Platform
Blogs Content
Esri UK
Esri UK's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Policy provides a framework and principles which guide the work we do to benefit the local, UK and Global communities, the company and our employees. We deliver these benefits by providing a combination of financial resources, donations of free software and services and voluntary activities of our staff.
Esri UK's CSR activities reflect our seven corporate values, and in particular is incorporated into our value of Integrity: "Integrity underpins everything we do. We work honestly, fairly and sustainably and are committed to giving something back" Our approach to CSR enables our staff to make a difference by: utilising the capabilities of our Company; sharing their skills; developing new skills; meeting new people outside of their normal working environment; and undertaking activities that are motivating and life enhancing.
Every member of Esri UK staff is entitled and encouraged to spend two days of company time per year participating in CSR activities which the company endorses. We have a team of highly skilled and passionate individuals who are encouraged to make a positive impact by helping people to gain a deeper geographic understanding of their environment and their community.
Supporting National Charities
Founded in 2010 Walking with the Wounded raises funds to re-educate and re-train wounded service men and women; preparing them for a career outside the forces.
Esri UK are WWTW's strategic mapping partner, providing support for expeditions to The Arctic, Antarctic and Everest. Closer to home we've built mapping apps to ensure success for The Walk of Britain expedition and the annual Cumbrian and Walking Home for Christmas Challenges.
MapAction's service is unique. It's the only non-governmental organisation (NGO) with a capacity to deploy a fully trained and equipped humanitarian mapping and information management team anywhere in the world, often within just hours. Esri UK have provided software, personnel, ArcGIS training courses and access to training facilities for the MapAction team.
The Outward Bound Trust aim to change how young people think and feel about themselves and their lives, by building their personal, social and emotional skills at critical times in their education and transition into employment.
Esri UK support the Trust though our staff. Nine adventurous members of the Esri UK team act as OB Ambassadors, mentoring and supporting young adults during their Outward Bound experience.
Canal and River Trust are a long standing Esri UK customer. Entrusted with care for 2,000 miles of waterways and associated infrastructure in England and Wales ArcGIS is used across the organisation to ensure efficient and effective delivery of their remit. Through the summer of 2015 Esri UK staff participated in Volunteer days to help maintain the Aylesbury Arm of The Grand Union Canal. We are also assisting in the creation of apps to aid public access to the network of Canal Towpaths.
Field Studies Council, FSC, is an environmental education charity providing informative and enjoyable opportunities for people of all ages and abilities to discover, explore, and understand the environment. Every year over 90,000 students participate in an FSC activity.
Esri UK donate ArcGIS Online to the FSC to enable data collection in the field. We also provide training and advice to FSC staff on the best practice use of ArcGIS.
The aim of the RGS Geography Ambassador programme is to raise the awareness of the relevance of the study of geography, career opportunities and its importance to everyday life. Since it's inception in 2005 the Programme has involved over 200,000 school children in geography and GIS related activities.
Esri UK have supported the programme since 2011 both financially and through participation of staff in the delivery of GIS based activities.
It has been, and continues to be, a great success story.
Supporting the Local Community
Every year Esri UK staff members from our Aylesbury, Cambridge and Edinburgh offices engage with local UK Community Foundations to identify local projects to support.
For a number of years Esri UK have supported a team of Young Enterprise achievers from Aylesbury Grammar School as they run a real business as part of their year 12 studies.


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How To Save A Dying Business
Is your business dying?
Here are some signs:
The things that used to work just aren't working anymore
Everything feels super hard
It seems like nobody is ever listening or caring what you say
You don't feel motivated and inspired
You are often trying things out and experimenting, trying to find something that works and you are tired of throwing spaghetti at the wall.
Ouch, I know.
Do you see these in your brand? You aren't alone. While it seems like everyone is a six figure major success, the majority of business owners are barely keeping their businesses alive and are barely making it day-to-day.
Secret: everything is hard for most people, they just are good at hiding it.
This is especially true if you've been around for a while and things just aren't working like they used to or you are a newbie who feels like everything is so tough. By the end of this post you'll know exactly how to save a business on it's last legs. You'll also have a uncomfortable look at my love of Keanu Reeves.
WIN-WIN!
Your brand needs to feel alive and exciting again and you aren't sure how to do it and everyone has an opinion or a piece of advice on what you should do.
So annoying.
I totally get this and your problem is very similar to Keanu Reeve's problem before 2014.
Being a Keanu Reeves fan is really hard. There is a lot of crappy movies to sort through. Just the other day I was watching a particularly bad film in which he plays a slightly overweight cop trying to avenge the death of his partner. I think.
He might have actually been a gangster pretending to be a cop.
I can't say for sure because I haven't finished it. It's so bad.
Anyways ---- This movie -- along with pretty much all of the movies Keanu has done after the Matrix trilogy haven't be successful and it's for one big reason.
All of these films were outside of Keanu's magic zone.
What is a magic zone? It's like a zone of genius but better. It's that place where you are your most you...your most successful, most attractive and most turned on and focused.
For actors finding your magic zone is really important because that's often the role that gives you the most success. For Meryl Streep, her magic zone is transformation. For someone like Jennifer Lawrence, she is the best at playing a woman who is emotionally removed in some way.
What is Keanu Reeve's magic zone?
Let's talk about what all his most successful movies have in common:
He doesn't talk much
Cool fighting and action
Splashy B movie vibe
Clear and simple premise
It was this same formula that made his other most successful movies -- Point Break, Speed and even The Matrix movies so popular.
He totally abandoned this style of movie and his career floundered in the 2000's...that was until he made his way back home with a little movie called John Wick.
An instant cult classic, John Wick had Keanu on a revenge mission that was simple, fun and had lots of action. INTERESTING. This film had Keanu Reeves at his most Keanu and suddenly his career was back on track...he was a movie star again.
A few months later -- not learning his lesson -- he completed another snoozefest of a film, a crime drama in which he was trying to capture his Devil's Advocate success -- it tanked.
Why am I telling you this? What is there to learn? If you are floundering and struggling in your business, it's probably because you are wandering farther and farther away from your magic zone.
This can be tricky to find, it has to be a magical combo of what you like and what people need but when you find that place in your business, MAGIC happens.
Keanu Reeves has his greatest success when he is doing big action B+ movies. That's why when John Wick came around, everyone was so excited. KEANU is back, the trades said, ignoring the fact that he had been in a movie every year for the last 10 or 12 years but okay, he's back.
When I work with my clients who struggle with their message and what they are doing, it's often because they don't know where their zone of magic is or even worse can't articulate it and as a result the only people who get all the goodness are the people they work with directly. This makes everything go super slow because it's hard to work and impact EVERYONE you come across.
It's kind of like if an actor is ONLY good when they are in auditions or doing really small unknown shows --- it's really hard to build buzz and business that way. You have to build your personality to scale -- the more people who are exposed to your brilliance, the stronger the brand.
So your thought for this week, where is your zone of magic? Where are you the most tuned in, when are you doing your most amazing and most sexy work?
I've gone through my own journey with this. I've spent so much time trying to teach it all and do it all but I'm back home with branding and offering design.
If you want to see me strut my stuff, make sure you sign up for the FREE challenge I'm doing next week -- Idea To Income Stream. It starts December 4th. You can sign up here.
Shenee Howard November 28, 2017
How To Stand Out In A Crowded Market
branding, businessShenee Howard December 13, 2017
How To Build A Brand That Leads To A Book Deal


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Q: With windows authentication, The trust relationship between the primary domain and the trusted domain failed, when calling IsInRole I have my asp.net web server setup to use windows authentication.
It is authenticating just fine with my current logged in user.
I can verify this by viewing ...
HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name

And I can verify that I am authenticated by viewing...
HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated

However, when I call the .IsInRole function I get the trust relationship error...
HttpContext.Current.User.IsInRole("accounting")

I have found online references to problems with supplying domain name with the role name (domain\accounting), but I still get the same error.  Any suggestions on where to look or troubleshoot the problem?

A: Well, it seems that if you are referencing a Role that doesn't exist then you get the trusted domain error.
The error went away and the code functioned just fine when I changed from ...
HttpContext.Current.User.IsInRole("accounting")

to the actual group name ...
HttpContext.Current.User.IsInRole("rsi_accounting")


No longer just "Trudeau Lite," Justin Trudeau has followed in his father's footsteps to become the Canadian Prime Minister.
When Parliament resumes, the new Prime Minister and his cabinet will have a busy agenda that will seek to undo some of the excesses of Conservative rule.
A new history of Britain's role in the American Civil War.


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Lechriolepis ranadimby is een vlinder uit de familie van de spinners (Lasiocampidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1962 door Viette.

Spinners

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Barak.Benchmark
{
    public class CompositeResults : IResult
    {
        private IResult[] m_results;

        public CompositeResults(params IResult[] results)
        {
            m_results = results;
        }

        public void Format(BenchSession session, TestMode testMode, int threadCount,int runTimes,TimeSpan duration, IEnumerable<BenchResult> benchResults)
        {
            foreach (var results in m_results)
            {
                results.Format(session, testMode, threadCount,runTimes,duration, benchResults);
            }
        }

        public void Flush()
        {
            foreach (var results in m_results)
            {
                results.Flush();
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This is the kind of puzzle that used to just need three long themers, but Will has challenged me to go for at least four including a reveal. This one has four PLUS a punchline. Lots of theme fill to get into a Monday.
I had never heard of a BITEVALVE, but I needed a BITE other than BITE-SIZED so it would have a different meaning for BITE. Proud it's not been used.
Recently went to hear David Mamet speak and he pointed out TSELIOT was an anagram of TOILETS. That was my takeaway from the Pulitzer Prize winner!
FIGHT CLUB! Now that was a movie that surprised and delighted me, in oddly unexpected ways. Acme plays on it today, hiding fighting words at the starts of phrases. KICK and PUNCH … them's fighting words!
Don't groan. You knew I was going to say it.
BITE and SCRATCH weren't as apt for me, as they don't seem very FIGHT CLUB to me. Man, that movie was violent! BITE and SCRATCH seem more appropriate for a Three Stooges routine.
Of the themers, I liked PUNCH BOWL best, because it hides the meaning of PUNCH completely ... unless you're Tyler Durden, in which case you might actually punch a PUNCH BOWL. Talk about anger management issues.
KICKSTART also hid the KICK meaning a little, since "kickstarting" a project goes away from a kick starter on a motorcycle. You do sort of kick a motorcycle's kick starter, though.
BITE and SCRATCH don't hide their meanings at all within BITE VALVE and SCRATCH AND SNIFF. You bite a BITE VALVE to get water to throw. So again, I wasn't a fan of these two themer choices.
A couple of blips in the fill, noticeably ARTE, OBLA, OFA right off the top. I think the latter two could have been avoided by spacing out the themers more. Putting KICK START in row five (instead of row four) would have allowed for a couple of black squares separating BITE VALVE and KICK START, allowing them to play more nicely together.
EOSIN is such a toughie. Normally I don't classify anything as "not Monday material" – if the crossings are fair, what's the harm in forcing solvers to learn one new thing? But even having a pharma background, EOSIN feels like it could elicit an "I have to know trivia to do crosswords?" response from newbies. No Bueno!
All in all, a good memory jog to a movie I enjoyed. Some missteps in execution, though.
Average word length: 4.85, Scrabble score: 303, Scrabble average: 1.60.


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JSI Tip 4981. How do I read a Windows 2000 or Windows XP Mini-Dump?
CEWindows.NET - Pocket PC, Handheld PC and Windows CE FAQs, Reviews, Commentary, etc!
If at first you dont succeed....destroy all evidence that you tried!
How to Install and configure the Unix agent for Redhat Linux 7.0 and 7.1.


The Colts will once again be back in the national spotlight during the 2013 preseason.
In Week Two of the preseason, Indianapolis will travel east to take on the New York Giants (9-7 in 2012) on August 18, in an 8 p.m. kickoff, on FOX. Last year, the Colts played the Pittsburgh Steelers on NBC in Week Two of the preseason.
Indianapolis will open up the preseason at home for the fourth consecutive season. The Buffalo Bills (6-10 in 2012) will head to Lucas Oil Stadium in Week One (8/8-8/11). The contest with the Bills is the first preseason game for the two since meeting in Toronto, Canada back during the 2010 preseason.
After an away contest with the Giants, the Colts will return home in Week Three (8-22/8-25) to take on the Cleveland Browns (5-11 in 2012). The Colts have a 5-2 preseason record all-time against the Browns and Cleveland split 2011 and 2012 road regular season matchups with Indianapolis.
For the 11th straight season, the Cincinnati Bengals (10-6 in 2012) and Colts will conclude the preseason (8-29/8-30) in an I-74 matchup. The Colts won last year's home contest and will now travel to Paul Brown Stadium in 2013.
The Colts finished the 2012 preseason with a 2-2 record, which was the first time Indianapolis has been at least .500 in the preseason since 2004.
instead of playing cincinnati every pre-season we should play chicago it would be a better draw at LUCAS OIL STADIUM,I think more fan would travel from chicago, and the local bear's fan base would help toward a sellout!
I don't know if the Bears would draw more than Cincy? Every time we have played Cincy at home in pre-season the place was packed with the 'Who Dey' crowd.
guess whos ganna win da superbowl dis year the COLTS COLTS COLTS !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


CELEBRATIONS, PARTIES, WEDDINGS, CORPORATE EVENTS AND SPECIAL OCCASIONS.
If you are looking for the perfect venue for an unforgettable private celebration, party, wedding or corporate event then look no further than MEZE Restaurant!
We invite you to enjoy a unique culinary experience with an impeccable service. We specialise in Mediterranean cuisine, including traditional Mezes, which are served gradually as a series of warm and cold starters with a selection of smaller main courses. We will prepare a wide selection of delicacies right in front of your eyes on our beautiful open grill, which is located directly in the center of the dining interior.
Our restaurant offers a welcoming ambience and can accommodate up to 90 people in the main premises.


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Tag Archives: stuart pearce
Posted in Local Love	by orbiterlover
My hometown of Kingsbury, North-West London, has given a lot to the world; an England football captain and caretaker manager (Stuart Pearce on both fronts, once played for Dynamo Kingsbury Kiev), an England cricket captain (Mike Gatting) and The Sugababes. Though sadly, it now only makes the news when one of its residents gets stabbed for his copy of Grand Theft Auto V.
But now the London suburb has a new set of heroes: the fruit and veg traders of its High Street, who bravely took down an armed robber this week. At 2pm on Monday 7th September, four men on mopeds ram-raided an Indian jewelers on Kingsbury Road. Managing to fill a laundry bag with gold and diamonds.
After an initial stand-off between locals and the gang, involving a meat cleaver being indiscriminately launched at the bikers, the shopkeepers believed to be from the Iraqi community gave chase. Using food crates and a shopping trolley, they managed to floor one of the culprits as he rode through the crowd. The police arrived moments later and arrested the suspect.
It was caught on camera and uploaded to Youtube shortly after. These guys don't fuck about when people come to their ends to take liberties.
armed, community, iraqi, jewellers, kingsbury, london, moped, nw9, robbery, stuart pearce	Leave a comment


We should have named it Bootiful Blues because we don't know whether it's the cut or the fabric but these pants make booties pop !
Made from the softest fabric but the best thing of all no shaper needed, the quality of the fabric is so nice it's thick and soft .
3 inch waistband snatches your waist will carefully placed darts pop your curves. The inseam is 38 inches to make sure all my girls are covered!


text:
Clay Minerals Bulletin
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Clay Minerals Bulletin, Volume 5 - July 1962
This volume was published under a former title. See this journal's title history.
Quantitative mineralogical analysis of 'blue clay' from vonšov, bohemia: a comparative study by nine laboratories
J. Konta
Samples of 'blue clay' were distributed among nine laboratories in various countries to assess the possibility of quantitative mineralogical determination. The disordered form kaolinite commonly found in fireclays and illite, or mica, were found by all laboratories, as was a material variously described as montmorillonite, swelling material (vermiculite, beidellite or open illite), or intermediate or swelling illite. The next most abundant mineral was quartz. Opal, chlorite, felspar, anatase, and organic matter, all in small quantities, were not all found by any laboratory and traces of calcite and dolomite were observed in one only. The most effective procedure is discussed, and it is concluded that the results are of a semi-quantitative rather than a quantitative nature.
Charge densities and heats of immersion of some clay minerals
R. Greene-Kelly
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2018, pp. 1-8
The exchange capacities, surface areas (both external and total), and heats of immersion in water were measured on a selection of clay minerals and a fine-grained muscovite. The charge density (expressed as 103 X m-eq/m2) of muscovite was 3·6. This was, as expected, much higher than those of clay minerals which tended to group together, the average values being: kaolinites, 2·0; hydrous micas, 1·7; halloysites and montmorillonites, 1.4. The heats of immersion (expressed as J/m2) were, in contrast, more widely spread: muscovite, 0·63; halloysites and kaolinites, 0·49; hydrous micas, 0·28; montmorillonites, 0·14. The explanation advanced for the differences is that they reflect changes in surface energy and cohesion of the silicate layers.
Homogeneous and inhomogeneous mechanisms in the dehydroxylation of minerals
H. F. W. Taylor
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2018, pp. 45-55
In attempts to postulate dehydroxylation mechanisms for the clay minerals, three assumptions have generally been made: that the elements of water are lost more or less uniformly from all over the crystal, that the tetrahedral parts of the structure are less likely to be disturbed than are the octahedral parts, and that silica-rich material often presumed to occur as a secondary product is in fact pure SiO2. It is shown that all of these assumptions are doubtful. Dehydroxylation mechanisms in which the first assumption holds good are described as homogeneous, and it is shown that certain calcium minerals undergo dehydroxylation in this way. In contrast, where magnesium or other cations of similar size are predominant, dehydroxylation occurs by an inhomogeneous mechanism, in which no oxygen is lost from those parts of the crystal where oriented conversion to a crystalline product occurs; the oxygen for the expelled water comes entirely from other regions of the crystal which are wholly or partly converted into pores, while various migrations of cations occur. The dehydroxylation behaviour of serpentine, talc, kaolinite and pyrophyllite is briefly reviewed. A new approach to the dehydroxylation of clay minerals is suggested, based on the concept of inhomogeneous mechanisms.
Some problems relating to the mineralogy of sediments* †
A. G. Seidov
After a brief account of the work currently in progress on fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the U.S.S.R., and particularly in Azerbaijan, the concept of finely-dispersed minerals as against clay minerals is considered and some comments made on classification schemes. Conditions of formation and deposition determine whether sedimentation or diagenesis is predominant and hence the mineralogy of the deposit. Methods of mineralogical investigation are as yet ill-developed and much remains to be done. Finally, some of the wider problems in clay mineralogy are discussed and some suggestions made regarding the organization of suitable studies, particularly in the U.S.S.R.
Some factors bearing on the natural synthesis of clays in the granites of south-west England
C. S. Exley
The synthesis of kandites in the granites of south-west England has resulted from the breakdown of albite or oligoclase by hydrothermal solutions using joints and faults as channels. The crystallinity of the clay mineral and the extent of argillization are related to the distance from these channels. Intermediate stages between felspar and kaolinite remain obscure but recent evidence suggests that they may be represented by montmorillonite. Little is known about the composition of hydrothermal solutions: fluorine and boron determinations on rocks in various stages of argillization suggest that neither of these elements was an important constituent.
Unusually stable saponite in the system Na2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2
J. T. Iiyama, R. Roy
A hydrothermal synthetic study on the relationship between the stability and the composition of sodium saponite solid solutions revealed that a special trioctahedral sodium smectite can persist stably up to temperatures as high as 850°C under a water pressure of 1 kb. This smectite has a composition close to Na0·55(Mg2·70Al0·30) (Si3·15Al0·85)O10(OH)2. nH2O as estimated from the chemical composition of gels that yield this smectite in essentially pure form at the highest temperatures, and from other phase evidence. The composition range of these trioctahedral sodium smectites and phase relationships around the smectite field in the system Na2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O are also briefly described in the temperature range 600–800°C under a pressure of 1 kb.
The in situ formation and development of some kaolinite macrocrystals
L. R. Moore
Tonsteins, which are kaolinite-rich rocks with an amorphous groundmass containing much organic material, occur widely in European Coal Measure deposits. The nature of these rocks and their peculiar fabric is considered in detail and evidence is adduced which suggests that they were derived from soils and that the original organic components (micro-organisms and fungi) played a significant part in the formation of the kaolinite macrocrystals.
Effect of freezing on the swelling of clay minerals
K. Norrish, J. A. Rausell-Colom
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2018, pp. 9-16
It has been known for some time that when a gel of montmorillonite is freeze-dried the residual clay retains the volume and shape of the gel, and forms a skeleton of low density and some rigidity. Because there is no apparent change in the gel structure during freeze-drying, the dry residues have been studied in the past in an effort to determine the structure of the gels. However, X-ray diffraction measurements have shown that, as a result of freeze-drying, the distance between the elementary layers of Na-montmorillonite drops from high spacings (>30 Å) to zero. The present investigation demonstrates that the main reduction in interlayer spacing takes place on freezing, with a further small collapse on drying. Na-montmorillonite gels, swollen oriented aggregates of Na-montmorillonite and Na-nontronite, and swollen single crystals of Li-vermiculite and butylammonium-vermiculite, all behave in the above manner.
Occurrence of a montmorillonite mineral in the Nigerian younger granites at Ropp, Plateau Province, Northern Nigeria
M. O. Oyawoye, D. M. Hirst
A montmorillonite mineral occurs in the marginal facies of a biotite-granite in the younger granite ring-complex at Ropp, Plateau Province, Northern Nigeria. The mineral is associated with the development of silexitic textures (pegmatitic knots and miarolitic cavities) filling the spaces between euhedral crystals of quartz, perthite and biotite protruding from the walls. Chemical, X-ray and differential thermal results suggest that the mineral belongs in the beidellite-nontronite series; it is thought to be primary in origin.
The dehydroxylation and rehydroxylation of triphormic dioctahedral clay minerals
L. Heller, V. C. Farmer, R. C. Mackenzie, B. D. Mitchell, H. F. W. Taylor
Various triphormic dioctahedral minerals and their dehydroxylation and rehydroxylation products have been examined by chemical, thermal, X-ray and infra-red absorption techniques. Since minerals with high Al-for-Si substitution do not rehydroxylate readily under the mild conditions used, attention was focused largely upon pyrophyllite and montmorillonite. Rehydroxylation occurs rapidly at about 400–500°C. Infra-red spectra indicate that there is a structural resemblance between the layers of all the dehydroxylates and that the rehydroxylates possess regions similar to untreated pyrophyllite. X-ray results show that stacking of the layers cannot be identical in the various samples. Although the structures could not be determined, the scheme proposed by Jonas for the rehydroxylate could not be reconciled with experimental results: nor does rehydroxylated montmorillonite resemble the abnormal form.
Some characteristics of an English montmorillonite
D. White, G. B. Street
Difficulties experienced in the preparation of organo-clay derivatives from an English montmorillonite led to an investigation of its properties. The mineralogical composition, cation-exchange capacity, surface area, and relative particle size, of this and two other montmorillonites, were compared. The results indicated that the large differences which were occasionally found could be attributed to the exchangeable cation on the clay.
Synthese des mineraux a basse temperature: Essai de mise au point
S. Henin, S. Caillere
The current position with respect to low temperature synthesis of minerals is reviewed, and attention is directed particularly to the mechanism of synthesis. Possible compositions of the hydrated aluminium ion are considered and the significance of the fact that aluminate ions are necessary to introduce tetrahedral aluminium is discussed. It is concluded that present evidence is insufficient to define the processes exactly.
A mechanism for the oxidation of ferrous iron in hydroxylated silicates
W. E. Addison, J. H. Sharp
A theoretical mechanism for the oxidation of ferrous iron in hydroxylated silicates is described. The reaction is represented by the general equation 4Fe2+ + 2nOH− + O2→4Fe3+ + (n + 2)O2− + nH2O, where n can vary. Oxidation occurs only at the surface of the mineral and is sustained by the migration of protons and electrons through the crystal. Non-oxidizable ions, such as Mg2+, and water formed during oxidation inhibit the reaction. The experimental evidence for the theory is derived, from a study of the oxidation of amphiboles.
Nouvelles etudes sur la synthese des mineraux argileux a partir de gels
S. Caillere, S. Henin, J. Esteoule
An extension of earlier work on synthesis is described in which silica and alumina are provided in the form of gels instead of as solutions of salts. The systems with nickel and magnesium at different concentrations have been investigated in the presence and absence of sodium chloride and the products obtained are described.
Saponite and lizardite veins on the Island of Rhum
D. F. Ball
Clay veins are present in deep weathering profiles in basic and ultra-basic rock beneath glacial drift at two localities on the Island of Rhum, Inverness-shire. Veins at one section are of saponite, at the other of the serpentine mineral, lizardite, with subordinate saponite. It is suggested that the veins were substantially formed during the interglacial period of development of the weathering profile, and that the lizardite formed in the lower horizons is replaced by saponite in the more intensely weathered upper horizons.
Mineralogical transformations accompanying the chemical weathering of clay-slates from New South Wales
P. Bayliss, C. Loughnan
A study has been made of the mineralogical transformations that have accompanied the chemical weathering of some Palaeozoic clay-slates from New South Wales. The weathered sequences occur within a limited range of climatic and topographical conditions. Chlorite, interlayered with other expanded-lattice silicate minerals, is the least chemically stable of the primary constituents. Montmorillonite is a little more resistant to the percolating waters, whereas illite, present in all primary materials as the 2M1 polymorph, is relatively chemically stable. In the zone of maximum leaching, however, partial degradation and loss of illite is apparent. Kaolinite is the end-product of the breakdown of these clay minerals.
Slope ratios of differential thermal curves of dickite
R. J. W. Mclaughlin
The relationships between the shapes of kaolinite and dickite differential thermal curves are described. The slope ratios of dickite are distinctly greater than those of kaolinite of equivalent particle size for the endothermic peak at about 550ºC and the same effect is observed for the exothermic peak at about 980ºC especially in diluted samples. The packing density of dickite does not differ markedly from that of kaolinite and the curve obtained for weight vs. area of the endothermic peak is in agreement with this. The dickite samples, however, give slightly lower areas than those of kaolinite, an effect that is dependent on the shape of the particles. The exothermic peak is shown to be influenced considerably in shape and size by thermal gradients.
The use of piperidine as an aid to claymineral identification
J. M. Oades, W. N. Townsend
It is suggested that piperidine may be useful in the identification of clay minerals during differential thermal analysis, particularly in the differentiation of expanding and non-expanding lattice minerals. Differential thermal analysis of two montmorillonites showing similar X-ray powder photographs indicated large differences in the distribution of cation-exchange sites.
The Effects of Aluminium Fluoride on the Thermal Behaviour of Kaolin
A. Bien, W. L. De Keyser
A systematic study has been made of the effects of aluminium fluoride on the thermal behaviour of kaolin, using differential thermal, thermogravimetric, X-ray and electron microscope techniques. It is shown that mullite can be formed at a temperature as low as 600°C; that in the presence of aluminium fluoride the exothermic reaction occurs at a lower temperature and is reduced in size; that the size of the mullite crystals is increased as a result of pretreatment with aluminium fluoride.
A clay mineral from Stjernøy, North Norway
D. A. Holdridge
A thin vein of a white powdery material situated in massive syenite was examined by various methods and found to consist of an association of a zeolite with calcium montmorillonite, which seems to have been formed by the slow but prolonged action of water on nepheline.