text:
// Generated by typings
// Source: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped/34ed89d9a82f7266f8287d2120b63e9bbed558cb/react-bootstrap/react-bootstrap.d.ts
declare module "react-bootstrap" {
    // Import React
    import React = require("react");

    type Sizes = 'xs' | 'xsmall' | 'sm' | 'small' | 'lg' | 'large';

    // Change onSelect signature to be (eventKey: any, event: SyntheticEvent) => any on all React-Bootstrap components, instead of the old inconsistent mishmash (#1604, #1677, #1756)
    /** ( eventKey:any, e:React.SyntheticEvent ):void */
    interface SelectCallback {
        ( eventKey:any, e:React.SyntheticEvent ):void;
        /**
            @deprecated
            This signature is a hack so can still derive from HTMLProps.
            It does not reflect the underlying event and should not be used.
        */
        ( e:React.MouseEvent ):void;
    }

    interface TransitionCallbacks {
      onEnter?: Function;
      onEntered?: Function;
      onEntering?: Function;
      onExit?: Function;
      onExited?: Function;
      onExiting?: Function;
    }

    // <Accordion />
    interface AccordionProps extends React.HTMLProps<Accordion> {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        collapsible?: boolean;
        defaultExpanded?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        expanded?: boolean;
        footer?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        header?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
    }
    type Accordion = React.ClassicComponent<AccordionProps, {}>;
    var Accordion: React.ClassicComponentClass<AccordionProps>;

    // <Breadcrumb />
    interface BreadcrumbProps
        extends React.Props<Breadcrumb>
    {
        bsClass?: string;
    }
    interface BreadcrumbClass
        extends React.ClassicComponentClass<BreadcrumbProps>
    {
        Item: typeof BreadcrumbItem;
    }
    type Breadcrumb = React.ClassicComponent<BreadcrumbProps, {}>;
    var Breadcrumb: BreadcrumbClass;

    // <BreadcrumbItem />
    interface BreadcrumbItemProps
        extends React.Props<BreadcrumbItem>
    {
        active?: boolean;
        id?: string | number;
        linkId?: string | number;
        href?: string;
        title?: React.ReactNode;
        target?: string;
    }
    type BreadcrumbItem = React.ClassicComponent<BreadcrumbItemProps, {}>;
    var BreadcrumbItem: React.ClassicComponentClass<BreadcrumbItemProps>;

    // <Button />
    interface ButtonProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<Button>
    {
        active?: boolean;
        block?: boolean;
        bsStyle?: string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        navItem?: boolean;
        navDropdown?: boolean;
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
    }
    type Button = React.ClassicComponent<ButtonProps, {}>;
    var Button: React.ClassicComponentClass<ButtonProps>;

    type Media = any;
    var Media: any;

    // <ButtonToolbar />
    interface ButtonToolbarProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<ButtonToolbar>
    {
        block?: boolean;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        justified?: boolean;
        vertical?: boolean;
    }
    type ButtonToolbar = React.ClassicComponent<ButtonToolbarProps, {}>;
    var ButtonToolbar: React.ClassicComponentClass<ButtonToolbarProps>;

    // <ButtonGroup />
    interface ButtonGroupProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<ButtonGroup>
    {
        block?: boolean;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        justified?: boolean;
        vertical?: boolean;
    }
    type ButtonGroup = React.ClassicComponent<ButtonGroupProps, {}>;
    var ButtonGroup: React.ClassicComponentClass<ButtonGroupProps>;

    // <Checkbox />
    interface CheckboxProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<Checkbox>
    {
        bsClass?: string;
        disabled?: boolean;
        inline?: boolean;
        inputRef?: ( instance:HTMLInputElement ) => void;
        validationState?: "success" | "warning" | "error";
    }
    class Checkbox
        extends React.Component<CheckboxProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Clearfix />
    interface ClearfixProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<Clearfix>
    {
        componentClass?: React.ReactType,
        visibleXsBlock?: boolean;
        visibleSmBlock?: boolean;
        visibleMdBlock?: boolean;
        visibleLgBlock?: boolean;
    }
    class Clearfix
        extends React.Component<ClearfixProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Collapse />
    interface CollapseProps
        extends TransitionCallbacks, React.Props<Collapse>
    {
        dimension?: 'height' | 'width' | { ( ):string };
        getDimensionValue?: ( dimension:number, element:React.ReactElement<any> ) => number;
        in?: boolean;
        timeout?: number;
        transitionAppear?: boolean;
        unmountOnExit?: boolean;
    }
    class Collapse
        extends React.Component<CollapseProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Dropdown />
    interface DropdownBaseProps {
        bsClass?: string;
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
        disabled?: boolean;
        dropup?: boolean;
        id: string;
        onClose?: Function;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        onToggle?: ( isOpen:boolean ) => void;
        open?: boolean;
        pullRight?: boolean;
        role?: string;
    }
    type DropdownProps = DropdownBaseProps & React.HTMLProps<Dropdown>;
    class Dropdown
        extends React.Component<DropdownProps, any>
    {
        public static Menu: typeof DropdownMenu;
        public static Toggle: typeof DropdownToggle;
    }

    // <DropdownButton />
    interface DropdownButtonBaseProps
        extends DropdownBaseProps
    {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        navItem?: boolean;
        noCaret?: boolean;
        pullRight?: boolean;
    }
    type DropdownButtonProps = DropdownButtonBaseProps & React.HTMLProps<DropdownButton>;
    class DropdownButton
        extends React.Component<DropdownButtonProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Dropdown.Menu />
    interface DropdownMenuProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<DropdownMenu>
    {
        labelledBy?: string | number;
        onClose?: Function;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        open?: boolean;
        pullRight?: boolean;
    }
    class DropdownMenu
        extends React.Component<DropdownMenuProps, any>
    { }

    // <Dropdown.Toggle />
    interface DropdownToggleProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<DropdownToggle>
    {
        bsRole?: string;
        noCaret?: boolean;
        open?: boolean;
        title?: string;
        useAnchor?: boolean;
    }
    class DropdownToggle
        extends React.Component<DropdownToggleProps, any>
    { }

    // <Fade />
    interface FadeProps
        extends TransitionCallbacks, React.Props<Fade>
    {
        in?: boolean;
        timeout?: number;
        transitionAppear?: boolean;
        unmountOnExit?: boolean;
    }
    class Fade
        extends React.Component<FadeProps, {}>
    { }

    // <MenuItem />
    interface MenuItemProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<MenuItem>
    {
        active?: boolean;
        bsClass?: string;
        disabled?: boolean;
        divider?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        header?: boolean;
        onClick?: React.MouseEventHandler;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        target?: string;
        title?: string;
    }
    class MenuItem
        extends React.Component<MenuItemProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Panel />
    interface PanelProps
        extends TransitionCallbacks, React.HTMLProps<Panel>
    {
        bsClass?: string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        collapsible?: boolean;
        defaultExpanded?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        expanded?: boolean;
        footer?: React.ReactNode;
        header?: React.ReactNode;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
    }
    type Panel = React.ClassicComponent<PanelProps, {}>;
    var Panel: React.ClassicComponentClass<PanelProps>;

    // <PanelGroup />
    interface PanelGroupProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<PanelGroup>
    {
        accordion?: boolean;
        activeKey?: any;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        defaultActiveKey?: any;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
    }
    type PanelGroup = React.ClassicComponent<PanelGroupProps, {}>;
    var PanelGroup: React.ClassicComponentClass<PanelGroupProps>;

    // <SplitButton />
    interface SplitButtonProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<SplitButton>
    {
        bsStyle?: string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        dropdownTitle?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        dropup?: boolean;
        pullRight?: boolean;
    }
    class SplitButton
        extends React.Component<SplitButtonProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Modal.Dialog />
    interface ModalDialogProps extends React.HTMLProps<ModalDialog> {
        // TODO: Add more specific type
    }
    type ModalDialog = React.ClassicComponent<ModalDialogProps, {}>;
    var ModalDialog: React.ClassicComponentClass<ModalDialogProps>;

    // <Modal.Header />
    interface ModalHeaderProps extends React.HTMLProps<ModalHeader> {
        closeButton?: boolean;
        modalClassName?: string;
        onHide?: Function;
        // undefined?: string;
    }
    class ModalHeader extends React.Component<ModalHeaderProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Modal.Title/>
    interface ModalTitleProps extends React.HTMLProps<ModalTitle> {
        modalClassName?: string;
    }
    class ModalTitle extends React.Component<ModalTitleProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Modal.Body />
    interface ModalBodyProps extends React.HTMLProps<ModalBody> {
        modalClassName?: string;
    }
    class ModalBody extends React.Component<ModalBodyProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Modal.Footer />
    interface ModalFooterProps extends React.HTMLProps<ModalFooter> {
        modalClassName?: string;
    }
    class ModalFooter extends React.Component<ModalFooterProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Modal />
    interface ModalProps extends React.HTMLProps<Modal> {
        // Required
        onHide: Function;

        // Optional
        animation?: boolean;
        backdrop?: boolean|string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        container?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        dialogClassName?: string;
        dialogComponent?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        enforceFocus?: boolean;
        keyboard?: boolean;
        onEnter?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        onEntered?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        onEntering?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        onExit?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        onExited?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        onExiting?: (node: HTMLElement) => any;
        show?: boolean;
    }
    interface ModalClass extends React.ClassicComponentClass<ModalProps> {
        Body: typeof ModalBody;
        Header: typeof ModalHeader;
        Title: typeof ModalTitle;
        Footer: typeof ModalFooter;
        Dialog: typeof ModalDialog;
    }
    type Modal = React.ClassicComponent<ModalProps, {}>;
    var Modal: ModalClass;

    // <OverlayTrigger />
    interface OverlayTriggerProps {
        // Required
        overlay: any; // TODO: Add more specific type

        // Optional
        animation?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        container?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        containerPadding?: number;
        defaultOverlayShown?: boolean;
        delay?: number;
        delayHide?: number;
        delayShow?: number;
        onEnter?: Function;
        onEntered?: Function;
        onEntering?: Function;
        onExit?: Function;
        onExited?: Function;
        onExiting?: Function;
        placement?: string;
        rootClose?: boolean;
        trigger?: string | string[];
    }
    type OverlayTrigger = React.ClassicComponent<OverlayTriggerProps, {}>;
    var OverlayTrigger: React.ClassicComponentClass<OverlayTriggerProps>;

    // <Tooltip />
    interface TooltipProps extends React.HTMLProps<Tooltip> {
        // Optional
        arrowOffsetLeft?: number | string;
        arrowOffsetTop?: number | string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        placement?: string;
        positionLeft?: number;
        positionTop?: number;
    }
    type Tooltip = React.ClassicComponent<TooltipProps, {}>;
    var Tooltip: React.ClassicComponentClass<TooltipProps>;

    // <Popover/>
    interface PopoverProps  extends React.HTMLProps<Popover> {
        // Optional
        arrowOffsetLeft?: number | string;
        arrowOffsetTop?: number | string;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        placement?: string;
        positionLeft?: number;
        positionTop?: number;
    }
    type Popover = React.ClassicComponent<PopoverProps, {}>;
    var Popover: React.ClassicComponentClass<PopoverProps>;

    // <Overlay />
    interface OverlayProps {
        // Optional
        animation?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        container?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        containerPadding?: number; // TODO: Add more specific type
        onEnter?: Function;
        onEntered?: Function;
        onEntering?: Function;
        onExit?: Function;
        onExited?: Function;
        onExiting?: Function;
        onHide?: Function;
        placement?: string;
        rootClose?: boolean;
        show?: boolean;
        target?: Function;
    }
    class Overlay extends React.Component<OverlayProps, {}> {
    }

    // <ProgressBar />
    interface ProgressBarProps extends React.HTMLProps<ProgressBar> {
        // Optional
        active?: boolean;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        interpolatedClass?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        max?: number;
        min?: number;
        now?: number;
        srOnly?: boolean;
        striped?: boolean;
    }
    class ProgressBar extends React.Component<ProgressBarProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Nav />
        // TODO: This one turned into a union of two different types
    interface NavProps extends React.HTMLProps<Nav> {
        // Optional
        activeHref?: string;
        activeKey?: any;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        collapsible?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        expanded?: boolean;
        justified?: boolean;
        navbar?: boolean;
        pullRight?: boolean;
        right?: boolean;
        stacked?: boolean;
        ulClassName?: string;
        ulId?: string;
    }
    class Nav extends React.Component<NavProps, {}> {
    }

    // <NavItem />
    interface NavItemProps extends React.HTMLProps<NavItem> {
        active?: boolean;
        brand?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
        defaultNavExpanded?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        fixedBottom?: boolean;
        fixedTop?: boolean;
        fluid?: boolean;
        inverse?: boolean;
        linkId?: string;
        navExpanded?: boolean;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        onToggle?: Function;
        staticTop?: boolean;
        toggleButton?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        toggleNavKey?: string | number;
    }
    type NavItem = React.ClassicComponent<NavItemProps, {}>;
    var NavItem: React.ClassicComponentClass<NavItemProps>;

    // <Navbar.Brand />
    interface NavbarBrandProps extends React.HTMLProps<NavbarBrand> {
    }
    class NavbarBrand extends React.Component<NavbarBrandProps, {}> {
    }

    class NavbarForm extends React.Component<NavbarBrandProps, {}> { }

    // <Navbar.Collapse />
    interface NavbarCollapseProps {
    }
    type NavbarCollapse = React.ClassicComponent<NavbarCollapseProps, {}>;
    var NavbarCollapse: React.ClassicComponentClass<NavbarCollapseProps>;

    // <Navbar.Header />
    interface NavbarHeaderProps extends React.HTMLProps<NavbarHeader> {
    }
    type NavbarHeader = React.ClassicComponent<NavbarHeaderProps, {}>;
    var NavbarHeader: React.ClassicComponentClass<NavbarHeaderProps>;

    // <Navbar.Toggle />
    interface NavbarToggleProps {
    }
    type NavbarToggle = React.ClassicComponent<NavbarToggleProps, {}>;
    var NavbarToggle: React.ClassicComponentClass<NavbarToggleProps>;

    // <Navbar />
    interface NavbarProps extends React.HTMLProps<Navbar> {
        brand?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
        defaultNavExpanded?: boolean;
        fixedBottom?: boolean;
        fixedTop?: boolean;
        fluid?: boolean;
        inverse?: boolean;
        navExpanded?: boolean;
        onToggle?: Function;
        staticTop?: boolean;
        toggleButton?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        toggleNavKey?: string | number;
    }
    interface NavbarClass extends React.ClassicComponentClass<NavbarProps> {
        Brand: typeof NavbarBrand;
        Collapse: typeof NavbarCollapse;
        Header: typeof NavbarHeader;
        Toggle: typeof NavbarToggle;
        Form: typeof NavbarForm;
    }
    type Navbar = React.ClassicComponent<NavbarProps, {}>;
    var Navbar: NavbarClass;

    // <NavDropdown />
    interface NavDropdownBaseProps
        extends DropdownBaseProps
    {
        noCaret?: boolean;
    }
    type NavDropdownProps = NavDropdownBaseProps & React.HTMLProps<NavDropdown>;
    class NavDropdown
        extends React.Component<NavDropdownProps, {}>
    { }

    // <Tabs />
    interface TabsProps extends React.HTMLProps<Tabs> {
        activeKey?: any;
        animation?: boolean;
        bsStyle?: string;
        defaultActiveKey?: any;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        paneWidth?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        position?: string;
        tabWidth?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        unmountOnExit?: boolean;
    }
    type Tabs = React.ClassicComponent<TabsProps, {}>;
    var Tabs: React.ClassicComponentClass<TabsProps>;

    // <Tab />
    interface TabProps extends React.HTMLProps<Tab> {
        animation?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
    }
    interface TabClass extends React.ClassicComponentClass<TabProps> {
      Container: TabContainer;
      Pane: TabPane;
      Content: TabClass;
    }
    type Tab = TabClass;
    var Tab: TabClass;

    // <Tab.Container />
    // ----------------------------------------
    interface TabContainerProps extends React.HTMLAttributes {
      activeKey?: any;
      defaultActiveKey?: any;
      generateChildId?: (eventKey: any, type: any) => string;
    }
    type TabContainer = React.ClassicComponentClass<TabContainerProps>;

    // <Tab.Pane />
    // ----------------------------------------
    interface TabPaneProps extends React.HTMLAttributes {
      animation?: boolean | React.ComponentClass<any>;
      'aria-labelledby'?: string;
      bsClass?: string;
      eventKey?: any;
      onEnter?: Function;
      onEntered?: Function;
      onEntering?: Function;
      onExit?: Function;
      onExited?: Function;
      onExiting?: Function;
      unmountOnExit?: boolean;
    }
    type TabPane = React.ClassicComponentClass<TabPaneProps>;

    // <Pager />
    interface PagerProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<Pager>
    {
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
    }
    type Pager = React.ClassicComponent<PagerProps, {}>;
    var Pager: React.ClassicComponentClass<PagerProps>;

    // <PageItem />
    interface PageItemProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<PageItem>
    {
        disabled?: boolean;
        eventKey?: any;
        next?: boolean;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        previous?: boolean;
        target?: string;
    }
    type PageItem = React.ClassicComponent<PageItemProps, {}>;
    var PageItem: React.ClassicComponentClass<PageItemProps>;

    // <Pagination />
    interface PaginationProps
        extends React.HTMLProps<Pagination>
    {
        activePage?: number;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        boundaryLinks?: boolean;
        buttonComponentClass?: React.ReactType;
        ellipsis?: React.ReactNode;
        first?: React.ReactNode;
        items?: number;
        last?: React.ReactNode;
        maxButtons?: number;
        next?: React.ReactNode;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        prev?: React.ReactNode;
    }
    type Pagination = React.ClassicComponent<PaginationProps, {}>;
    var Pagination: React.ClassicComponentClass<PaginationProps>;

    // <Alert />
    interface AlertProps extends React.HTMLProps<Alert> {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        closeLabel?: string;
        /** @deprecated since v0.29.0 */ dismissAfter?: number;
        onDismiss?: Function;
    }
    type Alert = React.ClassicComponent<AlertProps, {}>;
    var Alert: React.ClassicComponentClass<AlertProps>;

    // <Carousel />
    interface CarouselProps extends React.HTMLProps<Carousel> {
        activeIndex?: number;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        controls?: boolean;
        defaultActiveIndex?: number;
        direction?: string;
        indicators?: boolean;
        interval?: number;
        nextIcon?: React.ReactNode;
        onSelect?: SelectCallback;
        onSlideEnd?: Function;
        pauseOnHover?: boolean;
        prevIcon?: React.ReactNode;
        slide?: boolean;
        // wrap?: boolean;
    }
    interface CarouselClass extends React.ClassicComponentClass<CarouselProps> {
      Caption: typeof CarouselCaption;
      Item: typeof CarouselItem;
    }
    type Carousel = React.ClassicComponent<CarouselProps, {}>;
    var Carousel: CarouselClass;

    // <CarouselItem />
    interface CarouselItemProps extends React.HTMLProps<CarouselItem> {
        active?: boolean;
        animtateIn?: boolean;
        animateOut?: boolean;
        caption?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        direction?: string;
        index?: number;
        onAnimateOutEnd?: Function;
    }
    type CarouselItem = React.ClassicComponent<CarouselItemProps, {}>;
    var CarouselItem: React.ClassicComponentClass<CarouselItemProps>;

    // <CarouselCaption />
    interface CarouselCaptionProps extends React.HTMLProps<CarouselCaption> {
      componentClass?: React.ReactType;
    }
    type CarouselCaption = React.ClassicComponent<CarouselCaptionProps, {}>;
    var CarouselCaption: React.ClassicComponentClass<CarouselCaptionProps>;

    // <Grid />
    interface GridProps extends React.HTMLProps<Grid> {
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
        fluid?: boolean;
    }
    type Grid = React.ClassicComponent<GridProps, {}>;
    var Grid: React.ClassicComponentClass<GridProps>;

    // <Row />
    interface RowProps extends React.HTMLProps<Row> {
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
    }
    type Row = React.ClassicComponent<RowProps, {}>;
    var Row: React.ClassicComponentClass<RowProps>;

    // <Col />
    interface ColProps extends React.HTMLProps<Col> {
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
        lg?: number;
        lgHidden?: boolean;
        lgOffset?: number;
        lgPull?: number;
        lgPush?: number;
        md?: number;
        mdHidden?: boolean;
        mdOffset?: number;
        mdPull?: number;
        mdPush?: number;
        sm?: number;
        smHidden?: boolean;
        smOffset?: number;
        smPull?: number;
        smPush?: number;
        xs?: number;
        xsHidden?: boolean;
        xsOffset?: number;
        xsPull?: number;
        xsPush?: number;
    }
    type Col = React.ClassicComponent<ColProps, {}>;
    var Col: React.ClassicComponentClass<ColProps>;

    // <Thumbnail />
    interface ThumbnailProps extends React.HTMLProps<Thumbnail> {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
    }
    type Thumbnail = React.ClassicComponent<ThumbnailProps, {}>;
    var Thumbnail: React.ClassicComponentClass<ThumbnailProps>;

    // <ListGroup />
    interface ListGroupProps extends React.HTMLProps<ListGroup> {
        fill?: boolean; // TODO: Add more specific type
    }
    class ListGroup extends React.Component<ListGroupProps, {}> {
    }

    // <ListGroupItem />
    interface ListGroupItemProps extends React.HTMLProps<ListGroupItem> {
        active?: any;
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        eventKey?: any;
        header?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        key?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        listItem?: boolean;
    }
    class ListGroupItem extends React.Component<ListGroupItemProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Label />
    interface LabelProps extends React.HTMLProps<Label> {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
    }
    class Label extends React.Component<LabelProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Badge />
    interface BadgeProps extends React.HTMLProps<Badge> {
        pullRight?: boolean;
    }
    type Badge = React.ClassicComponent<BadgeProps, {}>;
    var Badge: React.ClassicComponentClass<BadgeProps>;

    // <Jumbotron />
    interface JumbotronProps extends React.HTMLProps<Jumbotron> {
        componentClass?: React.ReactType;
    }
    type Jumbotron = React.ClassicComponent<JumbotronProps, {}>;
    var Jumbotron: React.ClassicComponentClass<JumbotronProps>;

    // <Image />
   interface ImageProps extends React.HTMLProps<Image> {
       circle?: boolean;
       responsive?: boolean;
       rounded?: boolean;
       thumbnail?: boolean;
   }
   type Image = React.ClassicComponent<ImageProps, {}>;
   var Image: React.ClassicComponentClass<ImageProps>;

    // <PageHeader />
    interface PageHeaderProps extends React.HTMLProps<PageHeader> {
    }
    class PageHeader extends React.Component<PageHeaderProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Well />
    interface WellProps extends React.HTMLProps<Well> {
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
    }
    class Well extends React.Component<WellProps, {}> {
    }

    // <Glyphicon />
    interface GlyphiconProps extends React.HTMLProps<Glyphicon> {
        // Required
        glyph: string;
    }
    type Glyphicon = React.ClassicComponent<GlyphiconProps, {}>;
    var Glyphicon: React.ClassicComponentClass<GlyphiconProps>;

    // <Table />
    interface TableProps extends React.HTMLProps<Table> {
        bordered?: boolean;
        condensed?: boolean;
        hover?: boolean;
        responsive?: boolean;
        striped?: boolean;
    }
    type Table = React.ClassicComponent<TableProps, {}>;
    var Table: React.ClassicComponentClass<TableProps>;

    // <Input />
    interface InputProps extends React.HTMLProps<Input> {
        defaultValue?:string;
        addonAfter?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        addonBefore?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        bsSize?: Sizes;
        bsStyle?: string;
        buttonAfter?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        buttonBefore?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        feedbackIcon?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        groupClassName?: string;
        hasFeedback?: boolean;
        help?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        labelClassName?: string;
        wrapperClassName?: string;
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    /** @deprecated since v0.29.0 */
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    // <ButtonInput />
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        buttonBefore?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
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        groupClassName?: string;
        hasFeedback?: boolean;
        help?: any; // TODO: Add more specific type
        labelClassName?: string;
        wrapperClassName?: string;
    }
    /** @deprecated since v0.29.0 */
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}


text:
Faith groups are finally realizing how much the Left hates them
Blog PostBy Jonathon Van Maren March 28, 2018 Leave a comment
By Jonathon Van Maren Just as faith groups of every stripe here in Canada are beginning to realize that the Trudeau Liberals—and the Left in general—are overtly hostile to many of their values after the government demanded that organizations sign an "attestation" agreeing to a laundry list of progressive ideologies in order to access the…
Justin Trudeau has handed the pro-life movement an unprecedented opportunity
Blog Post, CommentaryBy Jonathon Van Maren March 27, 2018 Leave a comment
By Jonathon Van Maren Earlier this month, Konrad Yakabuski over at the Globe and Mail shared some interesting insights on the cultural social conservatism of many new Canadians—an often-overlooked fact that explains quite a bit about recent political trends in this country: Canada has accepted about five million new immigrants in the past 25 years…
Trudeau's contempt for ordinary Canadians is starting to hurt him
Blog Post, CommentaryBy Jonathon Van Maren March 24, 2018 1 Comment
By Jonathon Van Maren The Liberals are scrambling to regain control of the narrative and present themselves as champions of the middle-class, and it is not working very well. This should be no surprise—Trudeau himself is a second-generation trust fund beneficiary, and Finance Minister Bill Morneau is so rich he forgets about little villas that…
What they're saying about the West in Russia right now
By Jonathon Van Maren I've now been in Russia since the beginning of last week, and will be flying home today. I've been doing research and conducting interviews here, and am looking forward to turning my pages and pages of notes into columns and essays to share some of what I've learned about the new…
Caretakers of those with dementia prepare for the trauma of elderly trans people when they find their bodies altered
By Jonathon Van Maren This story, released on March 12 by the BBC, illustrates some of the social costs of transgender ideology and is truly, truly heartbreaking: New guidance for staff caring for transgender people with dementia has been drawn up to ensure patients get dignified and compassionate health care in north Wales. It includes…
Will the Canada Summer Jobs "abortion attestation" be a factor in Trudeau's political demise?
By Jonathon Van Maren The Canada Summer Jobs controversy just won't go away, and those who championed the "abortion attestation" are getting noticeably frustrated that Canadians simply won't understand that the Liberals understand what "in good conscience" means far better than the ignorant religious Canadians protesting what many consider to be compelled speech. Abortion activists…
Trudeau's Liberals axe "Mr. and Mrs." and "mother and father" to make government gender-neutral
Blog Post, CommentaryBy Jonathon Van Maren March 22, 2018 12 Comments
By Jonathon Van Maren If you thought Justin Trudeau learned his lesson from the #peoplekind episode, or the fact that his "gender" budget didn't budge his plummeting poll numbers, or the revelation that staggeringly low numbers of Canadians actually call themselves feminists, then you were wrong. The Liberal efforts to do away with all gender-specific…
Worshiping the corpses of dead dictators
Blog PostBy Jonathon Van Maren March 20, 2018 2 Comments
By Jonathon Van Maren Earlier today, my friend and I headed through Red Square and descended the steps into the Mausoleum of Vladimir Lenin, one of the key architects of the Russian Revolution—and a man considered so indispensable that he was never buried. Instead, his corpse was embalmed and placed in a sarcophagus where people…
Russia repents for the Romanov regicide
By Jonathon Van Maren Author's Note: I've been traveling with the Danish journalist Iben Thranholm and several others here in Russia and have been working on several stories, columns, and interviews that will be published later this month. This is simply a travelogue of some of my observations so far. My first one can be…
Trudeau may rue the day Liberals told religious Canadians that their values make them "un-Canadian"
Blog PostBy Jonathon Van Maren March 17, 2018 1 Comment
By Jonathon Van Maren As I predicted, the Canada Summer Jobs funding controversy has not gone away—as John Ivison put it in the National Post put it, "it was merely resting." Many organizations are now scrambling to figure out how to fund their programs after being denied funding due to their refusal to sign off…
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Gorillas under Stress
Mission Earth, Nature & Wildlife, Science 52' 2020 4K
At the end of 2018, great news went around the world: the number of mountain gorillas living in the wild has risen to more than 1000! A rare story of success in the protection of endangered species.
But this success is bringing about new challenges. The last remaining mountain gorillas on earth live in only two habitats in Eastern Africa: On the slopes of the Virunga Volcanoes between Rwanda, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and in the Bwindi Forest in Uganda. Two small, green islands - surrounded by an area with one of the highest population densities in Africa. The animals cannot expand their habitat. So what happens if the number of mountain gorillas grows, but their habitat does not?
Scientists have found that today gorilla groups meet much more frequently than in the past. Such encounters always end in aggressive and even deadly fights. Recent research shows that the stress levels of the animals are increasing measurably.
How strongly should conservationists and experts intervene?
This impressive film takes the viewer into the breathtaking nature of the world's last wild mountain gorillas and explores urgent questions about species protection and the coexistence of humans and animals.
in one media
MDR, arte
Hunters of the Skies
Knock, Knock - A Woodpecker's World
Killer in the Caves


October 10, 2012 in a Moscow hospital on the 65th year of life died Russian artist Yuri Erosovich Kuznetsov. Death overtook him suddenly. He worked tirelessly recent years, the artist only occasionally complained of malaise. A trip to a Moscow clinic for examination was his last journey in life. There, in the hospital he soon was diagnosed – cancer.
In addition to icons Yuri Kuznetsov drew amazing pictures, full of deep moral philosophical content, and he called them "rough sketches" because they were drawn hastily, in obedience to the feelings and intuition. Disciplined icon painter did not make mistakes, putting on velvet paper only true lines with brush with tempera.
In the works of Yuri Kuznetsov you see Love and Honesty, courage and tirelessness, determination, self-discipline and simplicity as they opened to the artist at the moment of insight in the process of penetration into the inner world of an intangible that can not be measured or determined. So by the creative act of the artist to our eyes become available emanation of our thoughts, feelings and aspirations. These internal states – the finishing touches to a general picture of the life.
As the artist himself said: "I'm not driven by an unseen force. With this guidance of the harmony between the choice of brush, the direction of its movement, color saturation tempera, density of smear and its character. If I was trying to portray something special, nothing would have happened". As a result, we see the finished product, in which neither subtract or add anything are needed.
Yuri Erosovich Kuznetsov (August 18, 1948, Kovrov, Vladimir region – October 10, 2012, Moscow) – Russian icon painter, creator of his own iconographic style, called 'Kuznetsovsk'. For 18 years, Yuri Kuznetsov painted 1446 icons that are in private homes, churches and monasteries. In the area of the Istra reservoir was built the Church of St. Nicholas, fully decorated with his icons. There are two exhibition halls, constantly presenting icons and pictures of Kuznetsov – Municipal Budget Institution of Culture "Exhibition Hall" in Vladimir and Art Gallery "Kristina" in Moscow. Currently, in the style of "Kuznetsovsk" painting works only one painter – his daughter and successor Marina Filippova.
– City Award "Recognition" (Kovrov, Vladimir region.) In the field of culture, art and literature.
– "Peter's Honorary Letter" and the medal "For sacrificial service" from All-Russian Public Movement "Orthodox Russia".
– Silver medal "For the contribution to domestic culture" from the Creative Union of Artists of Russia.
– Medal "Russian Land" of All-Russian Public Movement "Orthodox Russia".
– Golden Diploma and malachite medal "For a great contribution to the implementation of programs to protect mothers and children", from international public association of charitable funds "Mama".
– Honorary sign of the All-Russian public organization of veterans.


text:
Kardiya as Kindergartener
The poetics of ignorance in the Central Desert
When I was a kid, Warlpiri people were an idea, a story, a mythology that hung on the walls and in the air around the dinner table when my dad would talk about his childhood at Yuendumu. He was kindergarten age when he ran inside the mission house, forgetting to pull his shoes on at the door as per my grandmother's rules, and announced, 'We caught a lizard, mummy, and we ate it. Don't worry, Charlie picked the poos out.' Darling anecdotes like this pepper my grandmother's mission diaries. In one entry, my dad as a toddler narrates an imaginary trip to Alice Springs: 'T'rific dust … I got bogged … shot a kangaroo with my 303.'
We are delighted by the way children pretend at knowledge. Then we grow up, and we get to thinking that our adult knowledge is no longer pretence. My own intimacies with Warlpiri people have been forged only recently, in the last few years, when I have been travelling up to Yuendumu and Nyirrpi and living in camp with Warlpiri friends. And I've come to see that I'm still a kid, a kindergartener, in so many ways. Despite my university degrees and my books and all my poems and essays, the things I know and understand about people and how they ought to be in their world are alarmingly provisional.
Kardiya is the Warlpiri word for 'white person'—or, really, anyone who isn't Aboriginal. Warlpiri are well used to watching kardiya friends bumble through their world, saying the wrong thing, building the wrong kind of fire, hurting themselves. I quickly got used to my ineptness at simple camp jobs, but what was more affecting than my poor bush skill was my inability to comprehend the Warlpiri lifeworld. The anthropologist W.E.H. Stanner wrote, 'there is stuff in Aboriginal life, culture, and society that will stretch the sinews of any mind which tries to understand it'. I had been trying for years to stretch the sinews of my mind to comprehend Warlpiri notions of time, space, distance, family, history, obligation and ownership, only to come up hard against the limits of what I could understand.
In 1950, my grandparents Tom and Pat Fleming fell off the Ghan into Alice Springs station—literally fell, there was no platform—and loaded the family's belongings into a rattling old three-ton lend-lease Chevy truck in 'horrifying' condition. They drove the 270 kilometres to the Warlpiri settlement of Yuendumu. They knew their new reality 'wasn't going to be funny', in my grandmother's words, that it was going to 'awfully rustic', and they were ready for the unknown. Yet they knew what their mission was: to teach, to enculturate, to convert. My grandmother Pat recorded her impressions of 'the natives' with brutal candour, and during their 25 years at Yuendumu they were enfolded intimately into the kinship systems of the Warlpiri world. But was there a stretching of sinews going on? The story of their time at Yuendumu has always troubled my guilty liberal sensibilities. Were they noble adventurers, sacrificing comfort and normality for a higher calling? Or were they paternalistic villains, wielding religion as a weapon of colonisation?
Tom and Pat Fleming conducting a service at Mount Doreen Station, circa 1967.
My grandfather took up the post at Yuendumu because he could no longer bear the petty grizzles of his suburban Moonee Ponds parish, after what he had endured while serving as a padre in the Second World War and in the prisoner of war camps. When Tom returned to Melbourne after two years in the camps at Changi and Sandakan, he weighed 38 kilograms. He was stone deaf. For at least six months he couldn't get out of bed. When the depression and post-traumatic stress lifted, and he recovered about half of his hearing, Tom resumed work as a minister. He chain-smoked. He was strict and often short. He was undoubtedly a square peg. As he had 'wanted to go amongst the Aboriginal people', in my grandmother's words, since the age of 20, he applied for a post at Yuendumu advertised in the Australian Baptist news-paper, and off they went.
It would be easy to tell this story in the mode of a travel adventure. Dreadful equipment, heroic intentions, exotic peoples, hilarious discomforts; the charming native kids, the good-for-nothing white superintendant; the confronting fights, the spooky rituals; the heat, the snakes, the endless dust. And the white family at the centre of the story, battling through on their noble mission. It is easy to tell what we know, as if it's the only side of the story.
Pat was a talented storyteller. She was a trained teacher, a pragmatic woman, and an experienced farm girl. She didn't mind hard work. Judging from her diaries, she rather liked it. They are a record of her work efforts: endless washing of sheets and clothes in the fire-heated copper. Endless polishing of her dark wood furniture. Endless washing of Warlpiri children before Sunday school. An endless cleaning war she waged for 25 years against the red dust.
She writes about training Warlpiri women to be maids and housekeepers. She complains about the late mail plane, the lack of supplies and support, the other white people at Yuendumu. She records visits from anthropologists, geologists, dental researchers, other missionaries; and she narrates droll little moments of intercultural misunderstandings, like the time Tom misheard Dinny's new baby's name, 'Bess', as 'Piss'.
Sometimes the diaries make me laugh. I admire Pat's resilience, and I wonder how I would have fared, what thoughts I would have voiced, if I had been in her place. However, the paternalism, cold judgement and dark humour are often difficult to read. Always, the pervasive assumption of white superiority makes me ashamed.
Many of the entries strike my ear as a denial of Indigenous humanity. When Pat first glimpses 'natives' from the train, she reports them as 'awful looking specimens'. Another entry talks about one of the maids: 'Sheila wasn't very well today and this afternoon decided to have a miscarriage on the wash house floor.' She gave birth 'to a glorious mess … so we wrapped it all up in brown paper and hessian and popped it in the sugar bag with Ms Fleming and our address on the outside.' Another entry reports the aftermath of a fight between two men in camp: 'We hear over the midday news that the corpses didn't arrive when they should have as the truck broke down someplace. Poor Stinker. Nurse reckoned Jack who had been well bled would keep, like good meat, but not so Kennie.'
The coarseness of these entries, which describe human remains as either rubbish or meat, may well be a coping mechanism for a woman overwhelmed. That is my generous reading. My ungenerous, unforgiving reading is that these entries betray an ideology that views Aboriginal lives as doomed and disposable.
The truth of Tom and Pat's relationship with Warlpiri people is undoubtedly complex. Tom was 'Old Fleming' or Jungarrayi; Pat was Nangala. Warlpiri men I've spoken with remember Old Fleming as a good teacher, a compliment that is always followed by the statement that he was a strict man. You couldn't be late to class, or he'd hit you on the knuckles with a pencil. 'Good teacher,' they say. I've heard Warlpiri friends insist that Tom and Pat should have been buried at Yuendumu, instead of Alice Springs; that Yuendumu is where they belonged.
It seems they were remembered with respect, regard, even love. James Marshall, a Warlpiri man, said this in a eulogy for Tom after his death in 1990:
We will never forget Old Fleming. He helped and guided us, and was always thinking of the future. He was always with the old people—always helping them. He knew them. He was always in the sorry camps with the people.
He wasn't in a hurry to make people Christians. He thought about Christianity yapa way. He never tried to throw our culture away. He was a man of God but he was always thinking of supporting the culture. He loved Yuendumu and Central Australia and died close to here. He knew everything about Warlpiri people. The paintings in the church window show that.
How can I read this and feel unmoved? I even feel a murky thrill of what I think might be pride. Tom and Pat worked incredibly hard. They were a team. In almost every photograph, they are holding hands.
A memory: I am driving out to Altona with my dad. We are going to visit Tom's remaining living brother, who is parked in a nursing home. Dad is driving. He has been talking nonstop, as he tends to do, in rather a droning voice, about something that I have stopped listening to. Then he starts to tell me that when Singapore fell to Japanese forces in 1942, Tom was put on a ship. The higher ranking officers, and the padres like Tom, were going to be shipped out to safety before things got bad. The ship was about to sail when Tom said, 'I'm not going, the boys will need a lot of help in the prison camps.' Another padre and a priest got off the ship with Tom; they disembarked to certain capture. My dad's voice is shaking. Hours later that ship was sunk by a Japanese torpedo. My dad almost never shows strong emotion but now there are tears on his face. 'What do you think that means, Dad?' I say. I am crying too. 'I don't know,' he says. 'I don't know.'
Are you moved yet?
But are you moved for Sheila's baby, a mess on the wash house floor? Are you moved for Jack, who was well bled like a bullock?
But what do you know about Jack? What do you know about Sheila? I might be able to draw out a measure of heartache for Tom, because I know his story; it is my story, too. Sheila and Jack, though, are the cardboard cut-out natives in a missionary adventure story. You might sense my anger or my guilt when I report their 'stories', but I cannot conjure more. Even though Pat might have known Warlpiri people deeply, any intimacy she shared is masked by humour, or teacherly distance or distaste.
In my trips to the desert over the past few years, I have been trying to overcome some degree of distance, and to challenge my own knee-jerk reactions to the elements of Warlpiri culture that are very different to my own. Alice Nampijinpa Henwood has been my main teacher, friend and travelling companion. Alice is a country woman in her late sixties or early seventies—depending on which of her several official birthdates you choose to believe, none of which will be correct. She has also been my main scolder, teaser, comforter and sharer of resources, sometimes leaning on me for money, sometimes handing me $100 on pension day.
Alice is a matriarch, a Central Land Council ranger, an expert hunter, and the only songwoman who sings the Law for Pirlinyanu country. Our dynamic is something like that of an auntie and niece. As one of the youngest women in camp, it is often my role to get bossed around: Nungarrayi, get warlu; Nungarrayi, get butter, sugar, cup, spoon, kuyu; Nungarrayi, 20 dollar; Nungarrayi, we gotta drive Yuendumu today.
Sometimes, though, I was exquisitely taken care of by Alice, especially if I was sick or sad: I had my forehead stroked, strong tea boiled for me, I was sung to or prayed over, and the blankets in our camp lost their boundaries until I couldn't tell where my bed ended and the others began.
My dad has lately started planning more trips out bush, too, to connect with his childhood Warlpiri mates. As an exploration geologist, he is profoundly in his element when he is analysing maps, planning routes through sand dune country, cheerfully ordering people around camp, and generally inhabiting his natural role as overactive camp leader.
Dad remembers the Yuendumu of his childhood as a tidy place where everyone had a role and a purpose. It seems the paternalism exercised by my grandparents kept the settle-ment orderly. I think he feels confronted when visiting Yuendumu now. The rubbish, the piles of rusting scrap, the broken toys, the sitting-down families, the burned-out buildings and the weird sprawl between recently bulldozed structures and new government cinder blocks all disturb him.
He looks at a gutted car body and sees waste and disconnection. He doesn't see that a master mechanic might pop on a set of tyres and a borrowed engine and drive it out bush tomorrow. He doesn't understand that that bit of plastic is going to be picked up in a minute and used as a potholder, or that that empty can is also a cup and a bowl and a billy, or that those rectangles of corrugated iron that look like they've been mouldering for years were yesterday's windbreak. New objects in the desert look new for approximately 20 minutes before the dust and the fire smoke claims them. What looks like rubbish is often raw material for a highly creative mode of bricolage and making-do—yapa are amazingly resourceful. It's a good skill to have if you live in a place that is chronically and distressingly underresourced.
My dad talks about his need for his 'central desert fix', but it is always on his schedule, with his vehicles, his menu, his agenda. Last year, though, he came along for a few days of a trip with Alice mob. Moving as a guest on a trip that was on Warlpiri time, with Warlpiri logic and Warlpiri camping practices was seriously stressful for him.
Every time Warlpiri leave the community, for example, whether for a week-long trip or an afternoon of hunting, a good chunk of time is devoted to what anthropologist Yasmine Musharbash has termed 'hithering and thithering'. This involves driving in seemingly endless circles, from one house to another and then back again, picking people up, dropping people off, changing plans. We gotta drive to east camp to collect a crowbar, then we gotta double back to get a jerry-can, then we gotta drive over to Bess's place to ask whether the bush tomatoes are good out at Emu Bore, then we gotta drive back to Magda's to pick up Barbara, but Barbara isn't there, maybe she's at the shop, and now Joy isn't going to come any more so we gotta drop her off, then drive back to the shop to buy drinks, then to Kelly's house to borrow money to buy more drinks, then we gotta go back to the shop. This can go on for hours.
Principles of time-consciousness and efficiency, which my father values (and to be honest, so do I), don't mesh easily with hithering and thithering. It's a practice ripe for misunderstanding. While it might seem to be the height of indecision and inefficiency, it is a conscious practice of community-building, fostering intimacy, negotiating multiple needs in a world of scarce resources, and taking account of the bush knowledge of others.
The cultural differences between yapa and kardiya colour every interaction, every exchange, every meal. By the end of this trip, my father had admitted that simple chops wrapped in tinfoil, cooked straight on the campfire and eaten by hand were superior to the complicated, multi-ingredient, kitchen-apparatus-requiring meals he had planned. He told me he thought I had become a better bushman than him. It's some compliment, but it's not true, I am just a little more invested in being adaptable.
Also, I think there is something about my sensibility that has helped me submit to a mode of what I've been calling 'sensitive ignorance', where I try to hold my own cultural lenses and practices more lightly. Writing poems helps. I have had a lot of practice inhabiting that space of fruitful not-knowing. The poet John Keats famously called it negative capability, when we are capable of 'being in uncertainties, mysteries, and doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason'. W.H. Auden said that great art is clear thinking about mixed feelings; maybe in the poems I've been writing about the desert, I'm trying to create clear feelings about mixed thoughts. If I regard a scrubbing-away of my own world view as some kind of end-goal, it would be a grand failure. I may be able to see the limits of my cultural lenses, but I cannot step out from behind them. However, there is a space where I can be awake and alive in what I do not understand about the Warlpiri cosmos.
Early on in my trips with Alice mob, I made some recordings of Dreaming stories (Jukurrpa in Warlpiri) and stories of Alice's childhood growing up in Yuendumu during my grandparents' time. I had the idea that I could transcribe these stories in a way that encompassed all their dimensions: the creek bed where we were sitting, the yowling of kids and dogs, the interruptions and clarifications, my questions and misunderstandings—all this I imagined folding into my transcription. All this, as well as the richness and intricacy of Warlpiri cosmology that underlay the words themselves. My idea was nothing if not ambitious.
Although I later realised that writing subjective poems was the only way I could wield language to touch on all these dimensions at once, this recording attempt was a way to fast-track my appreciation of my own profound ignorance. I remember, pre-fieldwork, studying my copy of the Warlpiri dictionary and writing down all the words I could find for 'grief' and 'sorry'. I drafted complex questions for Alice such as: What does your country need from you? What is it about kardiya culture you think is damaging? Did my grandparents understand kurruwarri (Warlpiri law)?
For one thing, asking yapa direct questions almost never results in direct answers. Yapa way is to learn through watching and listening, not through interrogation. My questions were ambitious to the point of absurdity, given the language barrier and the amount of time dedicated to this first trip (mere weeks). On my first trip with Alice mob, I didn't know the word for water (ngapa), I didn't know the word for firewood (warlu), I didn't even know how to make tea the proper way:
1. tie eight teabags together by the strings
2. discard labels
3. fill billy half-full
4. chuck in tea bags
5. position carefully on the coals or, if available, on a 'wire' (BBQ plate)
6. watch the steam so you know when ngapa has come to a boil
7. reposition billy on edge of fire
8. fill to brim with cold ngapa so tea will be sufficiently strong but not too hot.
If I couldn't say and do these kindergarten-level tasks, how did I think I was going to have a conversation about the particular quality of grief that country feels, or extract an account of the complex effect my grandparents' brand of baptism had on the Warlpiri community? I was constantly anxious about what I would 'do' with the experiences and stories shared with me. I wanted desperately not to be such a kindergartener, and to shuck off my white world view like an overcoat in summer.
I soon realised my time with Alice mob couldn't be about extraction. My father was urging me to 'get' Alice's story before it was 'too late'. As an exploration geologist, approaches of extraction come naturally to him.
Alice shared stories with me, and I worried about their keeping. I worried about taking her Jukurrpa away from the country where it is sited, where it lives and breathes and has history and purpose, turning it into texts to be circulated in an academic sphere and in a mode of English that is surpassingly alien to her. While I went through the requisite process of gaining ethics consent, I worried that the context and specifics of my project were inaccessible to her, thus rendering her consent ambivalent. I worried that my project did nothing to empower Alice mob.
When I voiced this last worry to Jo Thurman, a friend and anthropologist who had lived with Alice mob for a couple of years, she replied bluntly: 'Alice and her family don't need you or your project to empower them.' She told me I needed to get over my angst about working with the material Alice had shared with me. She reminded me that Alice had educated me in full possession of her powers as a Law woman and an experienced 'informant', to use the ethnographic term. Jo went on to say, 'To treat the material they shared with you ethically, is, I believe, in some ways as simple as holding onto the relationship you've built with Alice and her family, and keeping that spirit of reciprocity going into the future, in whatever way you can, given the distance.'
In an earlier time, when I was just as ignorant as I am now, though perhaps less sensitive about it, I would sit in the State Library in Melbourne and mine ethnographies by Berndt and Meggit for (what I saw as) unartfully translated songs and stories—'raw material'—that I might rework into more potent geodes. This was play, but it assumed superior poetic powers on my part, and an in-depth understanding of the 'subject' culture as implicitly unnecessary. While an overhanging intuition of censure kept me from pursuing it, the censure was abstract. The ethical warning lights were isolated from personal experience or living people.
Now the eyes I feel looking over my shoulder are not theoretical. They are Alice's eyes. In response to all the writing I've shared with her, she has only said Ngurrju, 'Good'. Because of our rapport, Alice trusts what I put down on paper. However, the poems are composed in registers inaccessible to her. This makes me extremely uncomfortable. I am staying with the discomfort.
I continue to write, under the constellation of these complex obligations. Honest reportage of camp life is often in conflict with my wish to protect Alice mob's privacy. Violence, for example, is distressingly normal, and while I can't tell stories that aren't mine to tell, to scrub my pages of all mention of jealousy and domestics is to deny the complexity of community life in the central desert. The best I can do is to write capaciously enough that the whole spectrum might be in attendance: generosity and jealousy, amusement and grief, the stagnant noontimes stuck in camp, and the long, soft drives through an impossibly subtle desert-scape, stories spooling lightly out the window.
I also feel compelled to insist, somehow, in magnetised language, that all this is seen through my eyes, through my flawed, bewildered subjectivity. I must be honest about my reactions, too. Sometimes I must say aloud the things that unsettle or even repel me about yapa life—the same sorts of things my grandmother recorded, unquestioningly and uncritically, in her diaries. Kids 'playing' with baby birds until they expire. Dried blood from Monday's butchering gone black all over the kitchen. Lazy husbands. 'Carelessness. Waste.' White power doesn't like this. White power prefers not to admit that racism is structural, that it is ingrained, to some degree, in our cultural lenses, and that we need to be awake to notice it.
Because of these ingrained cultural lenses, yapa and kardiya are constantly misunderstanding each other. I remember sitting in a creek once in Alice's country, and puzzling over a map. We'd been talking story—little bit Jukurrpa, little bit history. She was telling me the name of the creek, a multi-syllabic Warlpiri word that I was struggling to get my tongue around. I was searching for the creek on the map. If I can see the word written down, I thought, I might be able to say it out loud. 'Nginyirripurlangu,' she said. 'Neen–i–pa–?' I tried. 'Nginyirripurlangu,' she said again, 'Nginyirripurlangu is here. That's my outstation.' I kept my head sunk to the page. 'I can't see it,' I said in frustration. 'I'm looking for it, but I can't see it anywhere.' 'It's here,' she roared. 'Nginyirripurlangu is here, in the creek here!'
This droll little misunderstanding is an inversion of sorts, as I'm usually the one taking others too literally. In this moment, as in so many others, Alice and I were running on two different realities while sitting in the same place. I feel I've still got my head sunk to the page, trying to get my tongue around what I want to say, and to say it the right way. I'm still struggling. I likely won't get it right. I'm okay with that, I think, as long as I can stay awake.
Joan Fleming is the author of Failed Love Poems (Victoria University Press, 2015) and The Same as Yes (VUP, 2011).


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text:
Bureau 13: Stalking the Night Fantastic
Savage Worlds Edition #savagethenightfantastic
B13 Jumpstart is Live!
What is Bureau 13?
Bureau 13 is Richard Tucholka's acclaimed tabletop roleplaying game of supernatural humor where players take on the role of previously mundane civilians unwittingly drafted in to the ranks of a secret government organization that is tasked with handling paranormal threats to the country.
What is Savage Worlds?
Savage Worlds is a generic role-playing game and miniatures wargame written by Shane Lacy Hensley and published by Pinnacle Entertainment Group. The game emphasizes speed of play and reduced preparation over realism or detail. The game received the 2003 Origin Gamers' Choice Award for best role-playing game.
What is the Novel?
Award winning author David Boop will be writing a new Bureau 13 novel in conjunction with overseeing the adaptation of Bureau 13 to the Savage Worlds ruleset.
Bureau 13: Stalking the Night Fantastic 2019


A talk about Jaipur is incomplete without talking about the Amber Fort. The most beautiful fort of the city is certainly the pride of Jaipur. Located in Amber, some 11km from Jaipur, the fort has served as a protector from invaders. Currently, it is one of the most popular tourist attractions located in Rajasthan.
Diwan-i-Aam is the "Hall of Public Audience". The beautiful hall stands on two rows of ornamented pillars and opens on three sides. It is said that the king used this place to listen to and resolve complains of his public in this hall. Diwan-i-Khas is the "Hall of Private Audience" and is beautifully decorated with delicate mosaic work in glass. The hall was used for arranging meetings with special guests.
Located opposite to "Diwan-i-Khas", Sukh Niwas is a beautiful hall having sandal wood doors. An artificial water channel goes through the hall which keeps it cool. It is said that the king used to spend some time in this hall with her queens.
The "Sheesh Mahal", which literally means mirror palace, is the most famous and beautiful part of the Amber Fort. You must remember the epic Bollywood film "Mughal-E-Aazam" and its song "Pyar Kiya to Darna Kya". The song was picturised in this hall only. The walls and ceiling of this hall are made with glass and beautifully decorated with paintings and flowers. There is an incredible story behind the construction of this hall. It is said that the queen was fond of watching start while sleeping. To solve this reason, the king constructed a hall full of glass. Now, when someone lights a candle on the floor of this hall, the reflection resembles like hundreds of starts shining.
Kesar Kyari or Mughal Garden is another beautiful part of the Amber Fort. It is a picturesque landscape located just outside the fort. The garden boasts star-shaped flower beds in which the king used to plant saffron flowers. Currently, the garden has innumerable flowers of different breeds and it is a popular picnic spot for people visiting Amber Fort.
The Elephant Ride is a popular activity in Amber Fort. Pay 1000 Rs. and enjoy a picturesque view of surrounding from the back of the elephant. The timing for the elephant ride are 7.30 AM to 12.30 PM.


We started making snow flakes from patty cake pans – as you do, they were so pretty, I figured we should use them for something more than making a mess.
I am sure everyone has made snow flakes before, so I won't worry about elaborating on instructions. We used the tin foil patty cake pans, then laminated them so they wouldn't break and could be strung up easier. I strung them up with fishing line, but any kind of string would have been fine. Pretty Cool results I think.


text:
"The Last Paradise Hotel"
Submitted into Contest #13 in response to: Write a story about someone spending the night in an old Victorian home-turned-hotel on Halloween.... view prompt
Simone Stark
I wish I could just go home and play video games but instead, I'm stuck here in an old creepy hotel. It all started when our grandpa won a ticket to Manta Reef from an internet ad. At first, the thought of relaxing at the best beach in the world brightens up everything.
I'm Dom Rodriguez by the way. I'm fourteen and this is my story. So anyway my mind was set on going towards Manta Reef in Halloween but there's a catch. Not everyone has to go on an epic vacation at Manta Reef and grandpa can only bring one of us but lucky me for being the youngest in the family because obviously I was the chosen one and the next week I will fulfill my destiny.
Time passed and finally, the next week came. Once we were out of the house, a man came towards us with a big smile and I mean a very big smile.
"Good day, my friends," The man said "I am Leonardo but you can call me Leo. Follow me, I will escort you towards Manta Reef"
Leo led us towards a huge parking lot that I never knew of before and brought us to a black limousine.
"Inside you go," Leo said smiling creepily "You can take whatever food you want from the car, its part of the experience"
Free food? I thought. Am I in heaven right now?
Once we got inside our mouths touched the ground. This limousine was the best vehicle that I've ever ridden. The seats were made of leather, golden lights decorated the ceiling, and a round hot tub at the corner but the one thing that really caught my attention was the mini-fridge. We weren't even at Manta Reef and yet I'm already having the best time of my life.
A thousand desserts later and I still felt as if I'm in heaven but everything changed when our vehicle suddenly stopped.
"What happened my good man?" Grandpa asked
"The engine broke," Leo said disappointingly "I apologize for this situation we promise to extend your stay at Manta Reef but for the meantime, we have to find somewhere else to crash"
"That's odd" I said staring
"What's odd?" grandpa asked as he followed my glance "Well, what do you know looks like we have a place to crash in for the night"
In front of us stood an old, creepy Victorian Hotel with three levels that we're all made from marble. Once we stepped inside the gates of the old Victorian hotel, cold air blew that sent shivers across my back but most of all I sensed eyes watching from the darkness.
"The Last Paradise" Grandpa said
"What!?" I asked
"This place" Grandpa replied "It's called the last paradise"
"Jeez, I wonder why they call it that" I said
"Maybe because their services are like heaven" Grandpa said
"What makes you say that!?" I said "You never even been to heaven unless you died and returned to the living. Obviously, this place is a death trap"
"Son, you must be tired" Grandpa said in concern "Maybe its best we check-in"
Instead of going through all of this I decided to just keep my mouth shut. There's no use on arguing.
"One room with two beds please" Grandpa said to one of the Hotel's staff
"Oh, customers" the man said "It's been a long time since we have real customers"
"What do you mean?" I asked
"For years this building has been out of service due to some events. . . " the man said
"Weird" I said
"I'm sorry what!?" the man said
"Oh sorry, did I just said that out loud?" I said "I was just talking about those cookies. It has raisins on them"
"Follow me gentlemen" the man said
The man led us through rooms of mazes going left and right, up and down we've been through them all.
"Are we lost?" I asked
"No, I'm sure that this man knows what he's doing" Grandpa answered
"It's been a long time since I've walked through these halls" the man said apologetically
"Really!?" I exclaimed "For how long?"
"Centuries" the man answered
"Man, the event must be really bad what happened?" I asked
"A man tried to kill everyone at the hotel" He replied
After that, we all went silent but after hours and hours of high tension, I was finally able to break the ice.
"Did you caught the man?" I asked
"Sorry, what?" the man said
"The man who tried to murder everyone did you caught him?" I asked
"No," the man said in a serious tone "For all I know he never left the building"
Oh no I thought this is bad. This is really bad. What if . . .
And for the brief moment, I lose my mind but thankfully we finally arrived in our room.
"Inside you go" the man said then left
We opened the door and found two coffins inside an empty dark room. I looked for the man but he mysteriously vanished. For me, this is probably my death scene but for Grandpa. . . not so much.
"Oh" Grandpa said in delight "A Halloween themed Hotel? Fantastic"
Time passed and I haven't left the room yet. The thought of having a murderer inside this turned-out-Victorian-hotel was just too much to handle but what if the murderer decides to give him and Grandpa a quick visit. I hope not.
"How about we go out and explore the hotel" Grandpa suggested
"That would be nice grandpa but I had this bad stomach ache and I don't like to . . ." I said
"Okay" grandpa interrupted "No need for excuses I already know the consequences believe me I've been there"
"Hey, how's our driver doing?" I asked
Grandpa pointed out the window and saw our driver outside still working on the engine.
"Well, I have to go exploring" Grandpa said
"Grandpa no" I said but he already left
For hours I've waited for his return but he never did. Did the murderer already got him or was he just playing poker against the staff but then my thought was suddenly interrupted when someone knocked on the door.
"Who's there?" I screamed "I have a phone and I'm not afraid to call 9-1-1"
The door slung open but there was no one in there.
"I'm warning you" I said bravely but what came out was some sort of a squeak
"Dom Rodriguez" someone said in a deep raspy voice "I've been waiting for your arrival"
"Nope" I said rushing towards the door "I am not doing this"
Then I left to find Grandpa which was very difficult since this whole hotel is a maze but finally I found him playing poker with some of the Hotel's staff but that's not the only thing I found. Behind grandpa, I saw one of the staff pulling something out of his sleeves. Without hesitation, I tackled him.
"What the heck bro" the guy said
Turns out it wasn't actually a knife it was a bottle of wine. Who puts a bottle of wine in their sleeves?
"Sorry" I said apologetically but the murderer he's . . .
Before I finished, the lights began to flicker and the lights turned off completely but when the power came back on everyone was lying on the floor with blood flowing in their body.
"Oh my . . . " I screamed
At the corner of the hall a man in dark robes with red glowing eyes appeared out of nowhere and slowly he laughed hysterically
"Dom" he said creepily "We've been waiting for you"
"We?" I asked
The lights turned off for a second but when it turned back on there were hanged people at the ceiling.
"I hope you like what I did to the place "he said "I worked hard for it"
I ran towards the door but it immediately closed.
"No one's leaving until I say so" He said and chased after me holding a knife. Behind me was nothing but laughter and the corpses of the entire staff and including my grandpa but the worse thing was the intense chase music.
"You like the tunes?" the murderer asked who was suddenly right in front of me
To me, none of it matters I quickly ran and thankfully out of the corner of my eye I saw an open door and thankfully it was the exit door and quickly I ran towards it but when I was a few inches away from the door shut with a huge bang.
"You're not going anywhere" the murderer said approaching slowly savoring the moment "Any last words?"
Paralyzed from fear, the only thing that came out from my mouth was nothing but a dog's whimper.
"None" the murderer continued "Here's my last word for you---Congratulations, you passed"
"Wait, what!?" I asked
The murderer removed his hood and it revealed the face of my Grandpa.
"Grandpa!?" I said in surprise
He pulled out a remote from his sleeves and pushed one of the buttons which opened the door, and stopped the music.
"How do you explain the hanged . . ."
Before I could finish, Grandpa pressed another button and the hanged people were gone.
"Holograms?" I said
"Holograms" he replied
"And the staff" I asked
And out of every corner of the room, people wearing the same robes came out and once their hoods we've removed the hood it all showed the faces of the entire staff.
"It was part of the ticket. I get to scare you and we get all the laughs" Grandpa said
"Oh, thank goodness" I said gratefully
Once the whole shenanigan was over it was already early in the morning and the limousine was good to go and soon we were already enjoying the nice sands of Manta Reef
A lovely ending don't you think? It's nice to stop here but the story doesn't end here. On our way back home, we were about to pass the good old Last Paradise but when we arrived there was nothing but trees.
I looked The Last Paradise on the web and it showed that it was demolished three hundred years ago after the big murderer in which all of the guests including the staff we're murdered but still the murderer was never been found.
2 submissions
Agathe Burrier
Interesting read! It's a shame the prompted stories have to be relatively short, this would have been even better if you had had time to develop the creepy atmosphere and the fear of the protagonist. Still quite good!


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'The Alabama Gang' became stock car racing royalty as the Allison brothers and Farmer competed, helped and pushed each other to become three of the best drivers ever in the sport. Bobby Allison, 78, is in the NASCAR Hall of Fame and all three are in the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in Talladega.


text:
Shortstop takes the long way home
Alex Bazeley, News Editor
Jake Smith has put his hardships behind him and is heading back to the field.
A lot of kids in Jake Smith's position probably would have given up by now.
Smith, an SPS sophomore, will be the starting shortstop for the NYU baseball team next spring, slotting comfortably into the number three spot in the lineup. But it has been a long road for him to get to this point, and now, he doesn't want to let the moment slip away.
Hailing from Gilbert, Arizona, the 21-year-old has been playing sports his whole life. For some, that might mean a sport in the spring and a sport in the fall, but for Smith, that meant a little bit more: endeavors included baseball, basketball, football, soccer, bicycle motocross and swimming.
"I had pretty bad ADD when I was a kid and I didn't know it at the time or think it was a big deal," Smith said. "But I couldn't sit still and I loved playing a bunch of sports, so I would be out and about."
Over time, Smith narrowed his focus down to baseball, and while he had always planned on playing in college, it was in high school where he slowly realized that he had a chance to play professionally. As friends around him started getting drafted, Smith saw that all he would have to do was really put in the work.
He was in a position that any kid would covet — a raw talent that was highly regarded by scouts around the country with a realistic possibility of getting drafted, or at least pursuing baseball at a Division I university.
But Smith had other plans.
Smith had always wanted to serve a mission with his church, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. So in September 2013, a few months after he had graduated high school, that's what he did, putting any dreams of playing baseball at a higher level on hold for the time being.
With barely a base level of Spanish in his pocket and no connections in the area to which he was headed, Smith hopped on a plane to Honduras. As he worked on various projects in the country, like helping in the construction of houses, Smith said his faith shone through.
"Physically helping people with issues was a huge deal but then also teaching them the gospel so that they were able to help themselves in their own lives," Smith said.
He had planned for the mission to be two years long, but just a couple months into his experience, disaster struck — Smith contracted malaria.
He tried to battle through the aches and soreness, often toppling over in crippling full-body pain. The turning point came four months into the mission, when Smith was curled up in a closet passed out, not wanting to tell anyone because he didn't want to go home. But at this point, Smith said, he realized something had to change. It wasn't even a quarter of the way through the trip and he was on a flight headed back to the states.
Smith said at the time he found experience in Central America both spiritually and emotionally depressing, but some reflection on it has changed his perspective.
"It was super hard for me," he said. "But coming to the realization now, I could definitely connect the dots that it created a better person out of me, and I think it's made me a better baseball player as well."
Fully recovered from his episode in Central America, Smith was ready for baseball to consume his life again, deciding once and for all to put in the work. His mission made him realize that if he really wanted the baseball thing to happen, he was going to have to do the things he sucked at.
In the fall of 2014, Smith reached out to NYU baseball head coach Doug Kimbler to inform him of his situation. Kimbler was on board.
"As a coach starting a program you only hope you can get the interest of a player of Jake's caliber," Kimbler said. "I think the scare in Central America made him realize that education needed to be a big part of his decision process."
And just like that, Jake Smith was back on track. Through the team's first six games of the 2015 season he had a .319 batting average and swiped four bases. It seemed that Smith's troubles were in the rearview mirror.
Then the unthinkable happened. Smith tore his right ACL, effectively ending his season.
And yet, he didn't get discouraged.
"Even if [the injury] wasn't a positive experience, I can still look at the rest of my life as a positive experience," Smith said. "I thought 'I'll come back stronger and better next season.' I've been punched before, you can punch me again."
Kimbler said Smith's injury was tough to watch, but that he took it the way Kimbler knew he would — by going full throttle on his rehab and working himself back to 100 percent.
"Jake knows that life is about a bunch of ups and downs and so far he has gotten back up from every one of them," Kimbler said. "I don't ever see that changing. "
With a season and an offseason to recover, Smith is now back to full strength. He saw it as his job to get healthy, so he kicked it into gear. He even brushed up on his baseball literature to sharpen the mental side of his game, something he had wanted to do for a long time.
Kimbler, meanwhile, seems poised to give Smith every opportunity to show why he's a leader of this young squad, keeping them focused and leading by example.
"Jake will be Jake — he will lead," Kimbler said. "To say the least, I expect great things from him. I am sure he would say the same thing."
The spring season is still a few months away and ice will soon be covering the ground, but with the long layoff, Smith is anxious to get back out on the field. This time, he's ready to prove to everyone just how much he's grown.
"There's a quote in the Scriptures that says 'the rain falls on the just and the unjust,'" Smith said. "I believe that to be so true for me. Even though I was doing my best, things happen. Everyone has those trials that are exactly meant for them, so I knew that those trials were hard for me but on the other hand, I knew that I could overcome them."
Email Alex Bazeley at [email protected]
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Soft Egg
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Is Technology Becoming Essential for Learning?
Fri 25 January, 2019
In previous blogs, we're always asking which technology is important for your school, or what form this technology will take in the future. To paraphrase a certain sci-fi film, we've been so busy asking what we could do, we haven't stopped to think if we should. This blog will address this should and answer the questions, 'what is the importance of technology in education?', and 'is technology essential for learning?'
If the job of education is to prepare students for future careers, the immediate answer is 'yes!'. A passing knowledge of technology may not even be a vital element for certain academic subjects, but it is a necessity for when students come to enter the workplace. In a 2010 report, the CEO of the International Center for Leadership in Education, Willard R. Daggett clearly stated: 'If the American education system is to prepare its students to meet the demands of an increasingly technological world, indeed if it is to be effective at all, it must integrate technology into the academic curriculum'. Technology is essential for learning, because it is an essential part of how we navigate the modern world, with Daggett continuing on to note 'society demands a higher level and different set of skills than schools were ever designed to teach'.
how to use the technology they will be expected to understand in the workplace. Daggett goes as far to claim that 'students need [technology] to be fully capable citizens,' as well as workers. Technology is the most useful tool for education because it can provide more up-to-date information than a 20-year-old textbook ever could. But in the age of fake news, it is important for students to learn how to recognise fact from fiction, for their general life as well as their careers. Many initiatives are already in place for just this, from the BBC to National Geographic and beyond. Not only is technology essential for learning, but learning is essential in order to use technology effectively.
These points reveal how the widespread use of technology means it is important for students to learn about it. Equally, this widespread use helps student participation, as students understand the technology. Studies by Pearson indicate that there is increased student engagement when technology is used in the classroom, while SecureEdge highlights how technology allows students to engage actively in the learning process. Students can take control of their own learning by independently researching topics that interest them with ease. They even have brand new creative forms available to them in order to present information, such as blogs, PowerPoint presentations, podcasts, and so on.
Technology allows learning to become more accessible, as students are given more options on how best to present their work. As academia debates the value of audio-visual essays, with some higher education institutions offering these submissions, education is finally beginning to measure and encourage those who are failed by traditional essay-writing methods.
In addition, through technology such as the cloud, collaborative projects are also easier than ever. The internet opens up the possibility of remote team-work that never would have been practical before, as students can pool their files together. Tools such as Google Docs allows students to edit one piece of work, each adding their own contributions to one cohesive whole.
So, what is the importance of technology in education? By encouraging increased engagement and independent learning, as well as collaboration, preparing for future careers, increasing accessibility and opening up new creative ways of learning, it is impossible to see how technology is not crucial to education. However, as we have seen, it is also education that must be used to guide this technological use. Through this combination, a whole new generation of intelligent and critically-thinking individuals can be nurtured.
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