"Most of the luxuries, and the many so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind."
In order to live a life free of suffering and unhappiness, one must simplify. In Walden by Henry David Thoreau, the author puts forward many powerful and provoking thoughts, challenging modern lifestyles, and claiming that simplicity is key to a well lived life. Thoreau challenges the glamorous and materialistic lifestyle that is said to cause happiness, and says that a simple lifestyle truly makes one happy. We live in a world where a larger than life and extremely complex way of life is glorified. We think as though we will be happier with a crammed schedule, huge houses, and when we're constantly on the move. We see simplistic lifestyle as miserable, tedious, and primitive. According to Thoreau, it is quite the opposite. He believes that people only need the bare essentials necessary. Any superfluidity only causes misery. Thoreau also believes that in order to observe and live a life thoroughly and completely, wealthy people mustn't hide away in their luxurious bubble of wealth and excess. They must live at an impoverished standpoint for a period of time. This allows for a greater understanding of different people and their simple lifestyles.
By experiencing different and standpoints, we are able to understand even further the true serenity of living simply. It is restricting to live only a lavished lifestyle. For we are depriving ourselves of the opportunity to see what a simplistic way of life has to offer. Simplification is the key to being free of anxiety, stress, and unhappiness. When Thoreau chose to live in his cabin with only a few necessary possessions, he noticed a significant increase in a positive attitude. With simplicity comes happiness.
I really like this post, it perfectly reflects the style of writing Thoreau used and the tone as well.
Good thoughts, but there are a few formatting issues, and in your head and heart you need to start specifically analyzing the "quoted" material. You kind of go off on a very "Thoreauvian" tangent.


text:
Posted: January 14, 2023 3
Rosemary Zahnow Jan 31, 2023 at 9:44 am on Snohomish PUD Board approves rate increaseIsn't it bad enough that the rent has increased by $620,00 a month in two years plus $90.00 a month

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Hermina Elisabeth Christina Scholten (Hermine) Scholten (Heemstede, 6 mei 1881 – Epe, 5 juni 1953), tussen 1920 en 1935 ook wel Hermine Poel-Scholten, was een Nederlandse alt.

Zij was dochter van hotelhouder Harmanus Scholten en Elisabeth Christina Veldhorst en trouwde in 1920 met koopman Willem Frederik Poel.

Haar eerste muzieklessen vonden plaats op piano en viool; Christiaan Timmner was daarbij haar docent. Zanglessen volgden bij Aaltje Noordewier-Reddingius, Betsy Hol, Gerard Zalsman en Willem Mengelberg.

Als concertzangeres trad zij op in tal van Europese steden. Haar carrière liep vanaf 1903 tot midden jaren dertig, daarna raakte ze geheel in de vergetelheid. Ze maakte in de periode ook deel uit van het Zalsmankwartet met Johanna van de Linde, Jac. van Kempen en Zalsman. Tussen 1907 en 1924 zong ze 21 keer met het Concertgebouworkest, meest onder Mengelberg en Johan Schoonderbeek

Nederlands alt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Since its first outing in the late 1980s, Micromega range has included what is claimed to be the first top-loading CD player and in the following year the first separate two-box transport/DA converter combination.
Now, after a gap of several years, the company is back with a re-organised leadership and design team, a new range of products.
The company is still based in Paris France and is now headed up by one-time motorcycle-racing champion Didier Hamdi. He has since reconstituted the design team under the company's original founder Daniel Schar.
The company currently designs and builds a full line of electronics from CD players, Streamers to amplification, in the last few years they have taken a distinct interest in wireless technology and its incorporation into high-end audio playback in the home without compromise.
Klapp Audio Visual has a great range of Micromega electronics that will impress, let the French Panache tantalize your ears…MADE IN FRANCE!


Here's another variation of DIY soap rocks tutorial. I am just having so much fun playing with melt and pour soap. I'll admit that I've had some flops that never made it to the blog – but even the wonky soaps are lovely because the organic glycerine soap base I use is really luxurious and I am always experiment with really delicious smelling essential oils. So even the silly looking soaps are enjoyed.
Whatever it is, it sure is sparkly! And smells delicious.
Here's how I made these crystal and gold DIY soap rocks (following my first DIY gemstone soap tutorial – linked here), plus what I think could improve the design!
I cut up about two pounds of glycerine soap base into chunks and added some white mica powder then zapped it in the microwave in my Pyrex measuring cup for a minute or so – until melted. I gave it a quick stir, poured it into my smaller bar silicone molds and let it sit overnight. Then I had these creamy, translucent bars so I chopped them up into irregular "gem" shapes and placed them in my large loaf silicone mold.
I chopped up more glycerine soap base and added this gold mica soap colorant in gold (I used all six blocks) before melting it in the microwave. Then I added my essential oil (I used half a tiny bottle of a cinnamon citrus I picked up), poured the melted glycerine over my crystals, spritzed the surface with alcohol, and let it set overnight.
Once I popped out my long bar of soap, I cut large irregular pieces and shaved the edges to look more organic.
I think the secret to a more realistic gold veined quartz soap would be to increase the size and volume of the crystal chunks so the gold is really just a tiny filler, filling in the gaps. You might have noticed I tried adding some darker bronze and gold pieces for dimension, but that didn't really have the desired effect. Next time I'll leave way more crystal spikes poking out the top of my DIY soap rocks, because I loved how that aspect turned out!
You can always just buy a soap rock – which is how I got hooked on these gems – but making DIY soap rocks is so much fun!
Call me crazy, but I think it looks like slices of iced coffee with happy little ice cubes!
The first one looks like marble from the quarries near my house. I've been having so much fun making soap after reading your previous soap posts. Our lavender is in full bloom so I'm going to make some lovely lavender bars today. Thanks again for getting me started. They make such great gifts too.
Ooo happy to hear it looks like marble! I'm so thrilled you're still experimenting with soap – your lavender bars sound amazing. So jealous things are in bloom there… sigh… soon!


While increasing acceptance of digital channels, today's bank and credit union customer also wants branch access with high levels of service. Organizations are challenged to blow up old distribution models and build new, efficient distribution systems based on new paradigms.
According to a McKinsey & Company research study entitled, "The Future of U.S. Banking Distribution," 65 percent of customers interact with their banks and credit unions through multiple channels. As opposed to moving completely away from branch transactions, customers using mobile and online banking more than once a week are also over 60 percent more likely to be active retail branch users than those who do not.
The research also found that human interactions are generally reserved for more complex problems – only 25 percent of agent phone calls are inquiries that could be serviced in other channels. So, while customers have embraced multichannel access, they also expect higher value from face-to-face interactions at their bank branch or call center.
So what are the ramifications of these trends? Beyond the much talked about customer experience impact of this shift in customer behavior, those institutions that migrate transactions to digital channels, transform their physical distribution networks, and revamp their go-to-market strategies can significantly improve their efficiency ratios as shown below. In fact, transforming distribution and go-to-market strategies can improve efficiency ratio by up to 7 percentage points according to the McKinsey study.
As discussed in several articles on The Financial Brand, the need to understand customers' cross-channel journeys has never been more important. In addition, there is a need to develop a unified customer experience across channels, using big data analytics to better understand the behavioral and emotional needs of customers. By doing so, costs can be reduced and effectiveness of sales initiatives can be improved.
Challenges mentioned in the McKinsey research are that financial institutions do not have a process for measuring the economic impact of alternative channel pathways or for determining 'minimum viable experiences' (the lowest cost customer channel path to accomplish a given activity).
Finally, few banks designate an 'owner' of the customer experience. In most cases, the power still resides within the branch distribution team. While banks have moved to a 'segment' approach, this approach still usually lacks discipline to focus on customer experiences.
Despite a significant drop in branch-based transactions, the penetration of branches at the local level has not changed significantly over the past several years. Much of the closing of branches has been the result of eliminating overlap as opposed to increasing the travel time to the nearest branch.
The challenge is that no bank wants to be the first to thin its network when there are competitors on the next corner.
from bank tellers to self-service channels — presents an opportunity for banks to redesign their branch networks.
The distribution network of the future will require multiple formats of branches, distribution options driven by needs of targeted segment(s), improved geodemographic insights for branch density analysis and improved utilization of current real estate.
With more transactions taking place through digital channels, the importance of positive branch and call center experiences becomes even greater. Branch visits and call center interactions will increasingly be for more complicated sales, advice and problem resolution. In the future, branch personnel will increasingly be called on to play a dual sales and service role as opposed to transaction processing.
Front-line employees will also need to be equipped for more involved advisory services, with highly informed needs-based selling being done during in-person meetings. Obviously, the sales culture at many organizations will need to change to reflect these new objectives.
The future distribution strategy for financial organizations will require marketing communications that reflect a spirit of engagement with customers and members, reinforcing the message that the customer is known, that they are being looked out for, and that they will be rewarded for their patronage.
The importance of highly personalized communication that provides the right offer using the right channel at the right time will be expected by customers in the future.
There is no 'perfect' future distribution strategy for every institution, but it is clear that today's distribution model must be destroyed. The consumer is changing faster than most institutions can respond to and technology advances provide new opportunities for financial institutions to test different combinations of distribution channels. The use of data analytics will become more important as will the understanding the economics of each channel.
Only those institutions that are willing to blow up yesterday's distribution strategies will emerge victorious in the future.
This article was originally published on May 19, 2014 . All content © 2019 by The Financial Brand and may not be reproduced by any means without permission.


We have great opportunities available for Registered Mental Health Nurses (RMN's) in the Plymouth area.
Pulse is a leading UK and international provider of health and social care staffing; we are unique in our commitment to delivering the highest quality service through placing the best people. We are currently recruiting for RMNs to work with us in Plymouth and surrounds areas of Devon, offering you a range of shifts available for you to work around your commitments.
If you know any friend who may be interested in joining pulse, please click here to recommend them and receive our cash reward*.
If you're a Registered Mental Health Nurse (RMN) in Devon and are interested in finding out more about the opportunities we have available at these highly competitive rates of pay, please apply and we will contact you to discuss.


I had to match the panels vert carefully at the seams.
The top has an invisible zipper at the back.
I have made a panel-dress of the same pattern earlier.
It's based on a pattern from Burda Easy 04/2013.
Cool! It's a good year so far!
Very well-made and stylish and the cut of the panels is flattering (not that you need it!) Looks like high-end couture from cool European designer!


text:
Install directly from your phone or via your computer.
Others who downloaded Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde also downloaded:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 >>
Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616)
Shakespeare's best known play and the most quoted work of the English language.
Hamlet's father is dead and he struggles with the desire for revenge. The play uses this backdrop to explore intrigue, incest, desire, and what is important in life.
Regularly included in lists of the greatest works of all time.
Tom Maddox is one of the original cyberpunk writers, this his first novel became a cyberpunk classic. Exploring AI, machine self awareness, virtual realities, and philosophy.
Dance of Gods I: Spell of Catastrophe Notes on The Dance of Gods
Mayer Alan Brenner ( - ) http://www.mayerbrenner.com
Mayer Alan Brenner's "The Dance of Gods" series was published by DAW Books in the 1990s. A witty and intelligent science / fantasy crossover, Pratchett meets Zelazny meets Douglas Adams, it also prefigures Charles Stross in interesting ways. The series follows a cluster of raffish characters through overlapping and colliding story lines in a wonderfully realized world.
"The humour was never farcical, always intelligent, but there was a certain madcap, slyness to it which I haven't experienced in fantasy for quite a while. Some scenes had me laughing out loud -- not good when traveling with a bunch of strangers, but a perfect remedy to Life..." -- The Book Swede
Dance of Gods III: Spell of Fate Notes on The Dance of Gods
Plot-lines collide and family secrets are revealed in the third book of Mayer Alan Brenner's "Dance of Gods" series. Originally published by DAW Books, the books are a witty and intelligent science / fantasy crossover.
"Ya gotta love a series with a hero named 'Maximillian the Vaguely Disreputable'. READ THIS SERIES, shouts your FAQmaker, it's fast and furious, and fun..." -- The Recommended Fantasy Author List
Jules Verne (1828 - 1905)
In an age where global travel within a limited time frame was unusual and reserved for heroic adventurers, Phileas Fogg bets his companions at the Reform Club 20,000 pounds that he can circumnavigate the world in only eighty days. Accompanied by his valet Passepartout, they attempt this feat. Despite obstacles thrown at them by man and nature, Fogg is determined that he will not be defeated. Gripping reading.
Dance of Gods II: Spell of Intrigue Notes on The Dance of Gods
The plot thickens and larger issues may be at stake in the second book of Mayer Alan Brenner's "Dance of Gods" series. Originally published by DAW Books, the books are a witty and intelligent science / fantasy crossover.
"A winner ... I was utterly hooked. Its not a belly-laugh-inducing parody of a fantasy so much as an off-the-wall kind of fantasy in its own right..." --Interzone


We are rapidly growing, internationally focused taxation and accounting firm with a presence around the globe. Our growth strategy will see our presence continue to expand internationally.
Due to significant growth and new clients we are seeking an accountant to assist or current team in Singapore. This position is based in Alabang, and you will be required to work with the team remotely.


Rated 3 out of 5 based on 1 reviews.
Went for the cheaper option but footballer was not happy with them. Looked uncomfortable running in them and complained they hurt. Had to buy a replacement (sorry Nike) pair.


text:
Home Civil Rights Greensboro [Letter from white supremacist to Benjamin L. Smith]
[Letter from white supremacist to Benjamin L. Smith]
Title [Letter from white supremacist to Benjamin L. Smith]
Biographical/historical note Benjamin Lee Smith was born February 6, 1893 in, Caldwell County, N.C. He received his A.B. from Duke University in 1916, and his M.A. from Duke in 1937. He served as superintendent of schools in the western North Carolina cities of Forest City, Rutherford-Spindale, and Shelby before assuming the same position in Greensboro, N.C., in 1935. His twenty-three year tenure in Greensboro included the years immediately following the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education decision ordering desegregation of public schools. In 1959, he participated in the National Civil Rights hearing on school integration. Smith died in 1961. Ben L. Smith High School in Greensboro is named for him.
Subject headings Segregation in education--United States
Topics School desegregation, 1954-1958
Description This one-page letter from an unidentified white supremacist to Superintendent Benjamin L. Smith, dated August 1956 and postmarked in Asheville, attacks Smith for the desegregation of the Greensboro Public School System. The writer repeatedly refers to Smith as a black/Negro, and threatens that he would "break your Negro loving face in" if they ever meet.
Original format correspondence
Original dimensions 7.5" x 10.5"
Contributing institution Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University
Source collection RL.01210 Benjamin Lee Smith Papers
Finding aid link http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/smithbenjaminlee/
Rights statement http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/
Additional rights information COPYRIGHT NOT EVALUATED. The copyright status of this item has not been fully evaluated and may vary for different parts of the item. The user is responsible for determining actual copyright status for any reuse of the material.
Object ID Duke_RL.01210.0979


Ever classic, the Sterling Silver Stacking Ring is one of our most customisable pieces. Please note, this listing is for ONE ring, to achieve the stacked look in the photos you will need to purchase multiple rings.
As these rings are custom made to order they come in any UK size, so are suitable for any finger and any customer.
They have a gorgeous hammered effect band that catches the light subtly.
Our Stacking Rings come in a variety of bezel sizes (the bit the jewel sits in) - you can choose from 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm or 8mm and depending on the bezel size, they are suitable for more than one inclusion.
Hair inclusions are available for bezel sizes 6-8mm and can either be in a single stripe or in a random placement.
As the name suggests, these rings can stack together with the bezels sitting on top of the band of the next ring so you can wear more than one on a finger at a time.
Many choose to have one for each child or occasion - what would you like to have in yours?
As you can see from the photos, there are so many choices that each piece is truly unique, creating a timeless keepsake or set of keepsakes to treasure forever.


text:
Saint-Ouen-Domprot è un comune francese di 214 abitanti situato nel dipartimento della Marna nella regione del Grand Est.

Società

Evoluzione demografica

Note

Altri progetti

Saint-Ouen-Domprot


text:
\section{Introduction}

Let $S_g$ be a closed surface of genus $g$  and $X = \{x_1, \dots, x_k\}$ be a finite subset of $S_g$, of marked points. Let $\dif(S_g ; k )$ denote the group diffeomorphisms of $S_g$ which leave the set $X$ invariant. If $S_g$ is
orientable, let $\dif^{\,+}(S_g ; k)$ be the group of all elements of $\dif(S_g ; k)$ that preserve orientation. The mapping class group
of $S_g$ with $k$ marked points, is the group
$$
\mcg(S_g ; k) =
\begin{cases}
\dif^{\,+}(S_g; k) / \dif_0(S_g, k)   &  \text{if $S_g$ is orientable}\\
& \\
\dif(S_g; k) / \dif_0(S_g; k) & \text{if $S_g$ is non-orientable},
\end{cases}
$$

\noindent
where $ \dif_0(S_g; k) $ is the subgroup of $\dif(S_g; k)$ consisting of elements that are isotopic to the identity. If the set of marked points
is empty, we omit $k$ from the notation and write only $\dif(S_g)$, $\dif^{\,+}(S_g)$, $\dif_0(S_g)$ and $\mcg(S_g)$.
In 1932, J. Nielsen asked the question about whether finite subgroups of the mapping class group $\mcg(S_g)$ can act on $S_g$
by diffeomorphisms, that is, whether every finite subgroup $G \subset \mcg(S_g)$ can be lifted isomorphically to a subgroup
$\widetilde G \subset \dif(S_g)$.
In the case when $S_g$ is an orientable surface without marked points, this problem was partially solved
for cyclic groups by Nielsen and other special cases were studied over the years by several authors, see \cite{Zi81}. It is well known that for
$g \geq 2$, the surface $S_g$ admits distinct hyperbolic metrics of constant curvature -1 and in this context,  S. Kerckhoff
 gave a positive answer to the Nielsen realization problem, see \cite{Ke83}.

\begin{thm}[Kerckhoff]
Every finite subgroup of $\mcg(S_g)$ can be realized as a group of isometries of some hyperbolic structure on $S_g$.
\end{thm}

In addition, the mapping class group acts naturally on the Teichm\"uller space $\mathcal T(S_g)$ of hyperbolic metrics on $S_g$ and this action is
properly discontinuous. Then Theorem 1.1 is equivalent to

\begin{thm}[Kerckhoff]
Every finite subgroup of $\mcg(S_g)$ acting on $\mathcal T(S_g)$ has a fixed point.
\end{thm}

\noindent
The Teichm\"uller space $\mathcal T^k(S_g)$ of genus $g$, $k$ punctured surfaces is defined in a similar way
and the mapping class group
$\mcg(S_g; k)$  acts by Weil-Petersson isometries on $\mathcal T^k(S_g)$, see \cite{Wo87}. In this context,
S. Wolpert gives in \cite{Wo87} a solution of the Nielsen problem with marked points.

\begin{thm}[Wolpert]
Every finite subgroup of $\mcg(S_g; k)$ acting by Weil-Petersson isometries on $\mathcal T^k(S_g)$ has a fixed point.
\end{thm}

\noindent
Moreover, if
$\mcg^{\, \pm}(S_g; k) = \dif(S_g; k) / \dif_0(S_g; k)$
denotes the extended mapping class group, then Masur and Wolf showed that every group of Weil-Petersson isometries is isomorphic to a subgroup
of $\mcg^{\,\pm}(S_g; k)$, see \cite{MaWo02}. Thus, Wolpert's result extends the Nielsen realization theorem to the case of finite
subgroups of $\mcg^{\,\pm}(S_g; k)$.\\

The main purpose of this work is to extend the previous result to the case of non-orientable surfaces $N_g$ with $k$ marked points. Even though this result is known among the experts, to the best of our knowledge there is no proof available
in the literature. It is well known that the Teichm\"uller space can be defined equivalentely via complex or conformal structures on
Riemann surfaces. In this sense, every non-orientable surface can be endowed with a dianalytic structure or a Klein surface structure and the corresponding Teichm\"uller space is defined as the quotient of all dianalytic structures on $N_g$
modulo the group of diffeomorphisms isotopic to the identity. Using this approach, the Nielsen realization theorem for the
non-orientable case can be deduced from the classical case passing to the orientable double cover. Our main results are the following. \\

\begin{thm}\label{T:main}
Every finite subgroup $G \subset \mcg(N_g; k)$ acting on $\mathcal T^k(N_g)$ fixes some point of $\mathcal T^k(N_g)$.
\end{thm}

We point out that the Nielsen realization theorem does not hold in general for infinite subgroups of $\mcg(S)$.
For instance, in the orientable case S. Morita showed that the natural projection   $\dif^{\,+}(S_g)  \to \mcg(S_g)$ does not admit a section for $g\geq 5$, see \cite{Mor87} and \cite{MorBook}. We prove here an analogous statement in non-orientable case.\\

\begin{thm}\label{thm:nonsection}
If $g \geq 35$, the natural projection $p : \dif(N_g)\to \mcg(N_g)$ does not have a section.
\end{thm}

The paper is organized as follows. In section 2 we review the basics about Klein surfaces and we give a standard model for
the orientable double cover of $N_g$. In section 3 we recall the relation
between the mapping
class groups $\mcg(N_g; k)$ and $\mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k)$
stablished in \cite{HT09} and \cite{GGM18}
 via the orientable double cover $\pi : S_{g-1} \to N_g$. In section 4
we define the Teichm\"uller space
$\mathcal T^k(N_g)$   using dianalytic structures and show the induced  map
$\pi^*  :  \mathcal T^k(N_g)  \to  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$ is injective. In section 5 we use the results from the previous sections to prove Theorem \ref{T:main}.
Finally, in section 6 we use the non-orientable analogues of the Miller-Morita-Mumford classes to prove Theorem 1.5.
Throughout this work we will use the notation $\Sigma = \Sigma^k_g$ when refering to a closed surface of genus $g$,
with $k$ points removed, where $g$ and $k$ satisfy $2 - g - k < 0$
(this condition warranties the surfaces are hyperbolic),
unless indicated otherwise.
To emphasize a surface is orientable we will write $S = S^k_g$ and similarly, we will use $N= N^k_g$
for a non-orientable surface. In some cases we will omit the indices $g$ and $k$, inferring them from the context.
As usual, we shall regard an element $f \in \dif(\Sigma_g; k)$ as an element
of $\dif(\Sigma^k_g)$ by considering its restriction to the punctured surface $\Sigma^k_g$.
This work is part of the Ph.D. thesis of the first author, written under the supervision of the second author.\\

\section{Klein surfaces}

An orientable surface can always be equipped with a complex-analytic structure that makes it a Riemann surface.
Similarly, a non-orientable surface admits a dianalytic structure giving rise to a Klein surface, a natural
generalization of a Riemann surface. Since this is not a standard topic, we devote this section to recall the basic
notions of Klein surfaces, morphisms and the orientable double cover of a Klein surface, which
will be used subsequently to address the Nielsen realization problem in the non-orientable case.
The main references used here are \cite{AG71} and \cite{SS92}. \\

Recall that if $A$ is a nonempty open set in $\mathbb C$ and $f : A \to \mathbb C$ is a map which is differentiable
when regarded as a function of two real variables, then

$$ \tfrac{\partial f}{\partial z}  =  \tfrac{1}{2} \left(\tfrac{\partial f}{\partial x}   -  i \tfrac{\partial f}{\partial y} \right)
\qquad \text{and} \qquad
\tfrac{\partial f}{\partial \bar z}  =  \tfrac{1}{2} \left(\tfrac{\partial f}{\partial x}   +  i \tfrac{\partial f}{\partial y} \right).
$$

We say $f$ is {\em analytic} if  $\tfrac{\partial f}{\partial \bar z} = 0$  on $A$ and {\em antianalytic}
if
$\tfrac{\partial f}{\partial z} = 0$ on $A$.
The map $f$ will be called a {\em dianalytic} if its restriction to any connected component of $A$ is analytic or antianalytic.
Let $\Sigma$ be a connected surface without boundary, possibly with a finite number of punctures.
An atlas $\mathcal U = \{(U_i, \varphi_i)\}_{i\in I}$ of $\Sigma$ will be called a
{\em dianalytic atlas} (resp. {\em analytic atlas}) if all of its transition functions are dianalytic (resp. analytic).
If the surface has punctures, one requires additionally that every puncture has a neighborhood conformally
equivalent to the unit disc in $\mathbb C$ minus the origin (without this condition a neighborhood of a puncture could
be conformally equivalent to a cylinder).
Each pair $(U_i, \varphi_i)$ is called a {\em chart} of $\mathcal U$.
Two dianalytic (resp. analytic) atlases $\mathcal U$, $\mathcal V$ of $\Sigma$ are equivalent if
$\mathcal U \cup \mathcal V$ is a dianalytic (resp. analytic) atlas as well. An equivalence class $\mathfrak X$
of dianalytic atlases will be called a {\em dianalytic} (resp. {\em analytic}) {\em structure}.
For an oriented smooth surface $\Sigma$ let $\mathcal M(\Sigma)$ denote the set of those analytic structures of $\Sigma$
which
{\em agree with the orientation and the differentiable structure}. For a non-orientable surface $\Sigma$ the set
$\mathcal M(\Sigma)$ consists of all dianalytic structures of $\Sigma$ that agree with the differentiable structure.

\begin{defi} A {\em Klein surface} is a topological surface $\Sigma$ together with a dianalytic structure $\mathfrak X$.
A {\em Riemann surface} is a topological surface $\Sigma$ together with an analytic structure $\mathfrak X$.
\end{defi}

\begin{ejem}
Let $\Sigma_g^k$ be a surface of genus $g$ with $k$ punctures. If the surface is hyperbolic, i.e.
$\chi(\Sigma_g^k)<0$, then its universal cover is the hyperbolic plane  $\mathbb H^2$ and $\Sigma_g^k$ is
the quotient of $\mathbb H^2$ by the group $\Gamma$ of covering transformations. Such $\Gamma$ is a non-Euclidean
crystallographic group and is isomorphic to $\pi_1(\Sigma_g^k)$. Since the group $\Gamma$ does not contain torsion
elements, the projection induces a dianalytic structure $\mathfrak X$ on the quotient $\mathbb H^2/\Gamma$ and thus $\Sigma_g^k$
is a Klein surface. If the $\Sigma_g^k$ is orientable, the group $\Gamma$ is actually a Fuchsian group and one gets
a Riemann surface.
\end{ejem}

\begin{defi}
A {\em morphism}  of Klein surfaces $ f: (\Sigma, \mathfrak X)  \to (\Sigma', \mathfrak Y)$ or a {\em dianalytic map} is a continuous
map $f : \Sigma \to \Sigma'$
such that for all $x \in \Sigma$ there exist dianalytic charts
$(U, \phi)$ and $(V, \psi)$ about $x$ and $f(x)$
so that $\psi \circ f \circ \phi^{-1}$ is
a dianalytic mapping on $\phi(U)$. If the surfaces $(\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ and $(\Sigma', \mathfrak Y)$ are Riemann surfaces, the map
$f$ is a {\em morphism} if $\psi \circ f \circ \phi^{-1}$ is analytic when $f$ preserves orientation or antianalytic if $f$
reverses orientation.
\end{defi}

\begin{defi}
For every  $f \in \dif(\Sigma)$ and $\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(\Sigma)$ one defines the {\em pullback structure} $f^* \mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(\Sigma)$
by $f$ as the only structure such that the diffeomorphism $f :  (\Sigma,  f^*\mathfrak X) \to (\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ is a morphism.
\end{defi}

\begin{rmk}
The existence and uniqueness of the pullback $f^*\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(\Sigma)$ are consequences of \cite{AG71},
Theorem 1.5.2.
Notice that when the surface $\Sigma$ is non-orientable, the map $f : (\Sigma, f^*X) \to (\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ is dianalytic
and when $\Sigma$ is orientable,
$f :  (\Sigma, f^*\mathfrak X) \to (\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$  is analytic if $f$ is orientation preserving or antianalytic if $f$ is orientation reversing.
Also, the uniqueness of the pullback implies that if $\mathfrak X, \mathfrak Y \in \mathcal M(\Sigma)$
are two structures such that
$f :  (\Sigma, \mathfrak Y) \to (\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ is a morphism, then $f^*\mathfrak X = \mathfrak Y$.
\end{rmk}

\medskip

\noindent
{\bf The orientable double cover.}
Any Klein surface $(\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ admits three double covers: the the complex double cover, the orientable double cover
and the Schottky double cover, although the first two coincide in the case when the surface is connected without
boundary and a finite number of punctures. We deal here with the orientable double cover, which will be used to
describe the relation between the Teichm\"uller spaces and the mapping class groups of orientable and non-orientable surfaces.

\begin{defi}
An orientable double cover of a non-orientable Klein surface $(\Sigma, \mathfrak X)$ is a Riemann surface $(S, \mathfrak X^0)$
together with
a dianalytic map $\pi : S \to \Sigma$ which is an unramified double cover of $\Sigma$, and an antianalytic involution
$\sigma : S \to S$ such that $\pi \circ \sigma = \pi$.
\end{defi}

The orientable double cover $(S, \pi, \sigma)$ of a Klein surface is unique up to isomorphism of Riemann surfaces:
if $(S', \pi', \sigma')$ is another orientable double
cover of $\Sigma$, then there is a unique analytic isomorphism $f : S' \to S$ such that $\pi' = \pi \circ f$.
The existence of the orientable double cover
can be found in \cite{AG71} Theorem 1.6.7, and the same argument can be carried out in the case of a surface with marked points.
If $(S, \pi, \sigma)$ is the orientable double cover of a non-orientable Klein surface $N$, then for every
$\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(N)$ the pullback structure $\pi^*\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(S)$ is the only structure such that
$\pi : (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X) \to (N, \mathfrak X)$ is a dianalytic map.
Also, it is not hard to see that
for every $\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(N)$ the involution $\sigma : (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X) \to (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)$ is antianalytic with respect to $\pi^*\mathfrak X$.

\begin{rmk}
A pair $(S, \sigma)$ given by a Riemann surface $S$ and a antiholomorphic involution
$\sigma : S \to S$ is known in the literature as {\em a symmetric Riemann surface}. It is not hard to see that the quotient
$\Sigma = S/\langle \sigma \rangle$ of $S$ under the action of $\sigma$ is a Klein surface. Conversely,
every Klein surface $\Sigma$ is obtained from a symmetric Riemann surface via the
orientable double cover $(S, \sigma, \pi)$. Thus, the category of Klein surfaces is equivalent to the category of symmetric Riemann surfaces, see \cite{Braun12} for more details.
\end{rmk}

\bigskip

\noindent
{\bf Construction of the orientable double cover.}
{\em Case without marked points}.
For $N_g$ a compact connected non-orientable surface of genus $g$, without boundary, the orientable double
cover can be constructed as follows. Let $S_{g-1}$ a closed orientable surface of genus $g-1$, embedded in
$\mathbb R^3$ such that $S_{g-1}$ is invariant under reflections in the $xy$-, $yz$-, and $xz$-planes. Let $\sigma : S_{g-1} \to S_{g-1}$ be the orientation
reversing homeomorphism given by
$$ \sigma(x, y, z) =  (-x, -y, -z). $$

Then the quotient  $S_{g-1}/\langle \sigma \rangle$ is homeomorphic to
$N_g$ and the natural projection $ \pi :  S_{g-1}  \to N_g $
is a (topological) double cover of $N_g$.
Moreover, if $(N_g, \mathfrak X)$ is a Klein surface we endow $S_{g-1}$
with the pullback structure $\mathfrak X^0 = \pi^*\mathfrak X$. With these structures, the map
$\pi : S_{g-1} \to N_g$ is dianalytic and the involution $\sigma : S \to S$ is antianalytic, by the above remarks.
Thus
$(S_{g-1}, \pi, \sigma)$
is an orientable double cover  of the Klein surface $N_g$. \\

\paragraph{Case with marked points}
Let $X = \{x_1, x_2, \dots, x_k\}$ be the set of marked points of $N_g$, and let $\widetilde X = \pi^{-1}(X)$. If $\widetilde x_i \in S_{g-1}$ is such that $\pi(\widetilde x_i) = x_i$ for all $i = 1, \dots, k$,
then

$$  \widetilde X = \{ \widetilde x_1, \sigma(\widetilde x_1),
\widetilde x_2, \sigma(\widetilde x_2),
\dots,
\widetilde x_k, \sigma(\widetilde x_k)   \} .$$

Remove the sets of marked points $X$ and $\widetilde X$ from $N_g$ and $S_{g-1}$, respectively, to
obtain punctured surfaces $N_g^k$ and $S_{g-1}^{2k}$. By example 2.2, we can endow the surface $N_g^k$
with a dianalytic structure $\mathfrak X$. An argument similar to the one in the compact case shows that
$(S_{g-1}^k, \pi, \sigma)$ is an orientable double cover of the Klein surface $N_g^k$.

\medskip

\begin{figure}[h]\label{Figura1}
\centering

\begin{tikzpicture}[thick, scale=0.8]
	\tikzstyle{every node}=[font=\footnotesize]

	\draw[shading=ball, ball color= cyan] (0,0) ellipse (3.5 cm and 1.5cm);
	\draw (-1.8,0) node {$\ldots$} (1.8,0) node {$\ldots$};
	\foreach \x in {-2.7,-1, 0, 1, 2.7 } {
	\draw [xshift=\x cm,scale=0.6] (-0.65, 0.4) to[out=-80, in=125 ] (-0.5, 0)  (0.5, 0) to[out=75, in=-95 ] (0.55,0.25);
			\draw [xshift=\x cm, fill=white, scale=0.6] (-0.5, 0) .. controls +(0.25, 0.3) and +(-0.25,0.3) .. (0.5, 0) .. controls +(-0.1,-0.4) and +(0.25, -0.4) .. (-0.5, 0);}
	\draw [snake=brace] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7,0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=south] {$m$};
	\draw [snake=brace, scale=-1] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7, 0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=north] {$m$};

	\draw[->] (0, -2) -- (0, -2.5) node[pos=0.5, anchor=west] {$\pi$};
	\draw[->] (8, -2) -- (8, -2.5) node[pos=0.5, anchor=west] {$\pi$};

	\draw (1,-4.2) node[anchor=west] {$S_m \# K \cong$};
	\draw (0.75,-4.8) node[anchor=west] {$N_{2m+2}=N_g$};
	\draw (0.4,-5.4) node[anchor=west] {$K=$ Klein Bottle};
	\draw (9,-4.2) node[anchor=west] { $S_m \# \mathbb{R} P^2 \cong$};
	\draw (8.75,-4.8) node[anchor=west] { $N_{2m+1}=N_g$};
	\draw (-3.5,2.25) node[anchor=west] { Case:  $  g=2m+2$  };
	\draw (-3.5,1.5) node[anchor=west] { $ S_{g-1}$  };
	\draw (4.5,2.25) node[anchor=west] { Case:  $  g=2m+1$  };
	\draw (4.5,1.5) node[anchor=west] {$ S_{g-1}$  };
	\filldraw [color=red] (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[anchor=north west, color=black] {$p$};
	\filldraw [color=red, scale=-1, opacity=0.35] (-1,1) circle (2pt)node[anchor=south east, color=black] { $\sigma(p)$};

	\begin{scope}[shift={(8,0)}]
		\draw[shading=ball, ball color= cyan] (0,0) ellipse (3.5 cm and 1.5cm);
		\draw (-1.8,0) node {$\ldots$} (1.8,0) node {$\ldots$};
		\foreach \x in {-2.7,-1, 1, 2.7 } {
			\draw [xshift=\x cm,scale=0.6] (-0.65, 0.4) to[out=-80, in=125 ] (-0.5, 0)  (0.5, 0) to[out=75, in=-95 ] (0.55,0.25);
			\draw [xshift=\x cm, fill=white, scale=0.6] (-0.5, 0) .. controls +(0.25, 0.3) and +(-0.25,0.3) .. (0.5, 0) .. controls +(-0.1,-0.4) and +(0.25, -0.4) .. (-0.5, 0);}

	\draw [snake=brace] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7,0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=south] { $m$};
	\draw [snake=brace, scale=-1] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7, 0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=north] { $m$};
	\filldraw [color=red] (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[anchor=north west, color=black] {$p$};
	\filldraw [color=red, scale=-1, opacity=0.35] (-1,1) circle (2pt)node[anchor=south east, color=black] {$\sigma(p)$};
	\end{scope}

	\begin{scope}[shift={(8,-4.5)}]

		\draw[shading=ball, ball color= cyan] (0,1.5) arc (90:270:3.5 cm and 1.5 cm);
		\draw (-0.3, -1) -- (0.3, 1)  (-0.3, 1) -- (0.3,-1);

		\draw[fill=white, very thick] (0,0) ellipse (4 mm  and 1.5 cm) ;
		\draw[shift={(-0.4,0)}, fill=black] (0,-3pt) -- (67.5:5pt) -- (112.5:5pt) -- (0,-3pt) -- cycle;
		\draw[shift={(0.4,0)}, fill=black] (0,3pt) -- (67.5:-5pt) -- (112.5:-5pt) -- (0,3pt) -- cycle;

		\draw (-1.8,0) node {$\ldots$};
		\foreach \x in {-2.7,-1 } {
			\draw [xshift=\x cm,scale=0.6] (-0.65, 0.4) to[out=-80, in=125 ] (-0.5, 0)  (0.5, 0) to[out=75, in=-95 ] (0.55,0.25);
			\draw [xshift=\x cm, fill=white, scale=0.6] (-0.5, 0) .. controls +(0.25, 0.3) and +(-0.25,0.3) .. (0.5, 0) .. controls +(-0.1,-0.4) and +(0.25, -0.4) .. (-0.5, 0);}
		\draw [snake=brace] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7,0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=south] { $m$};
	\filldraw [color=red] (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[anchor=north, color=black] {\tiny $\pi(p)$};
	\end{scope}

	\begin{scope}[shift={(0,-4.5)}]
		\draw [shading=ball, ball color= cyan] (0,1.5) arc (90:270:3.5 cm and 1.5 cm);

		\draw (-1.8,0) node {$\ldots$};

		\draw[very thick, fill=white] (0,.82) ellipse (3 mm  and 6.7 mm);
		\draw[very thick, fill=white] (0,-.83) ellipse (3 mm  and 6.6 mm);

		\draw[shift={(-0.3,0.82)}, fill=black] (0,-3pt) -- (67.5:5pt) -- (112.5:5pt) -- (0,-3pt) -- cycle;
		\draw[shift={(0.3,-0.83)}, fill=black] (0,3pt) -- (67.5:-5pt) -- (112.5:-5pt) -- (0,3pt) -- cycle;

		\foreach \x in {-2.7,-1 } {
			\draw [xshift=\x cm,scale=0.6] (-0.65, 0.4) to[out=-80, in=125 ] (-0.5, 0)  (0.5, 0) to[out=75, in=-95 ] (0.55,0.25);
			\draw [xshift=\x cm, fill=white, scale=0.6] (-0.5, 0) .. controls +(0.25, 0.3) and +(-0.25,0.3) .. (0.5, 0) .. controls +(-0.1,-0.4) and +(0.25, -0.4) .. (-0.5, 0);}
			\draw [scale=0.6] (-0.65, 0.4) to[out=-80, in=125 ] (-0.5, 0);
			\draw [scale=0.6, fill=white]  (0, -0.28) .. controls +(-0,-0) and +(0.25, -0.4) .. (-0.5, 0) .. controls +(0.25, 0.3) and +(0,0) .. (0, 0.25);
		\draw [snake=brace] (-3, 0.4) -- (-0.7,0.4) node[pos=0.5, anchor=south] {$m$};
	\filldraw [color=red] (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[anchor=north, color=black] {\tiny $\pi(p)$};
	\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

\caption{Orientable double cover of a non-orientable surface $N_g$.}

\end{figure}

\section{Mapping class groups and the orientable double cover}

In this section we review the relationship between the mapping class group of a non-orientable surface $N_g$
and that of its orientable double cover $S_{g-1}$, as studied in \cite{HT09} and \cite{GGM18}. There are several
ways to think of the mapping class group of surface with marked points.
For instance, one may consider a genus $g$, $k$ punctured surface $\Sigma_g^k$ and look at the corresponding
mapping class group $\mcg(\Sigma_g^k)$, where the set of marked points is empty. It is not hard to see that
there is an isomorphism
$$   \mcg(\Sigma_g^k)  \cong  \mcg(\Sigma_g; k) .$$

Thus, we may think of either a surface with marked points or a surface with punctures. The following result is used to
define a natural homomorphism $\phi : \mcg(N_g; k) \to \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k)$.

\vspace{0.1in}

\begin{prop}
Let $f \in \dif(N_g; k)$ and $\pi : S_{g-1} \to  N_g$ be the orientable double cover. Then $f$ admits exactly two liftings
$S_{g-1} \to S_{g-1}$, one of which preserves orientation $\widetilde f  \in  \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}; 2k)$.
\end{prop}

\noindent
{\em Proof}. Notice that $\pi' :=  f \circ \pi  :  S_{g-1}  \to  N_g$ is an unramified double cover of $N_g$
and satisfies $\pi'  \circ \sigma = \pi'$. Thus $(S_{g-1}, \pi', \sigma)$ is an orientable double cover
of $N_g$ for suitably chosen structures. By the uniqueness of the orientable double cover, there exists
an analytic isomorphism
$\widehat f  :  S_{g-1} \to S_{g-1}$ such that the following diagram commutes

$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
S_{g-1} \ar[r]^{\widehat f} \ar[d]_\pi  \ar[rd]_{\pi'}&  S_{g-1}  \ar[d]^\pi  \\
N_g  \ar[r]_f &  N_g}
$$

\noindent
Thus the diffeomorphism $\widehat f : S_{g-1} \to S_{g-1}$ is an oriention preserving lifting of $f$ and
clearly $\sigma\circ \widehat f$ is the only other lift.
Finally, if $X$ is the set of marked points of $N_g$ and $\widetilde X = \pi^{-1}(X)$ is the set of marked points of $S_{g-1}$,
then by the commutativity of the above diagram we have $\widehat f (\widetilde X)=  \widetilde X$ and thus
$\widehat f \in \dif(S_{g-1} ; 2k)$. \ $\square$ \\

\noindent
Therefore, there is a natural way to choose a lift of $f \in \dif(N_g; k)$ in a continuous manner by taking
$\widetilde f \in \dif(S_{g-1}; 2k)$ to be orientation preserving. This choice defines a homomorphism
$ \rho  :  \dif(N_g; k)  \to  \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}; 2k)$ given by $\rho(f) = \widetilde f$
and induces a homomorphism between the corresponding mapping class groups
$ \phi  :  \mcg(N_g; k)  \to  \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k) $ such that the following diagram is commutative
$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
\dif(N_g; k)   \ar[r]^{\rho\quad} \ar[d] & \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}; 2k) \ar[d] \\
\mcg(N_g; k)   \ar[r]^{\phi\quad}   &  \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k)  .\\
}
$$

The following result was proven in \cite{HT09} in the case without marked points, and it was later extended in \cite{GGM18} to the case with marked points. We include it here as it will play an important role in the forthcoming
sections.

\begin{thm}[Hope-Tillmann, Gon\c{c}alves-Guaschi-Maldonado]
Let $N_g$ be a non-orientable surface and $S_{g-1}$ its orientable double cover. Then the following hold:
\begin{enumerate}
\item If $g \geq 3$, the homomorphism $\phi : \mcg(N_g) \to \mcg(S_{g-1})$ is injective.\\

\item If $k \geq 1$, the  homomorphism $\phi : \mcg(N_g; k)  \to  \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k)$ is injective for all $g \geq 1$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{thm}

\smallskip

\section{The Teichm\"uller space of Klein surfaces}

The Teichm\"uller space can be defined in several equivalent ways, each of which is useful to study specific properties
of the space. One such definiton is via complex or conformal structures on a Riemann surface. Given that every surface can be equipped
with a dianalytic structure or a Klein surface structure, it seems natural to extend the definition of the Teichm\"uller space
as the quotient of the space of all dianalytic structures modulo the group of diffeomorphisms isotopic to the identity.
The main goal of this section is to establish a relation between the Teichm\"uller spaces of orientable
and non-orientable surfaces by means of the orientable double cover.\\

Let $\Sigma = \Sigma^k_g$ be a genus $g$, $k$ punctured surface without boundary, and let
$\dif_0(\Sigma_g; k)$ denote the subgroup of $\dif(\Sigma_g; k)$ of all diffeomorphisms isotopic to the identity. Two structures
$\mathfrak X, \mathfrak Y \in \mathcal M(\Sigma)$ are {\em Teichm\"uller equivalent} if there is a diffeomorphism
$f \in \dif_0(\Sigma_g; k)$ such that $f : (\Sigma, \mathfrak X) \to (\Sigma, \mathfrak Y)$ is a dianalytic map; if $\Sigma$ is a Riemann
surface $f$ is required to be analytic. Equivalently, there exists $f \in \dif_0(\Sigma_g; k)$ such that
$\mathfrak X =  f^* \mathfrak Y$.

\begin{defi}
The {\em Teichm\"uller space of a genus $g$, $k$ punctured Klein surface} $\Sigma$, $\mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)$, is the space of
Teichm\"uller equivalence classes in $\mathcal M(\Sigma)$. The elements of the space $\mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)$ will be denoted
by $[\mathfrak X]$.
\end{defi}

More precisely, the action of $\dif(\Sigma_g; k)$ on $\mathcal M(\Sigma)$ by pullbacks restricts to
an action of $\dif_0(\Sigma_g; k)$ and the space $\mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)$ can be regarded as the quotient
$$   \mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)  =  \mathcal M(\Sigma) / \dif_0(\Sigma_g; k) .$$
The set $\mathcal M(\Sigma)$ is equipped with a natural topology and we give $\mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)$ the quotient topology.
With this topology $\mathcal T^k(\Sigma_g)$ is homeomorphic to $\mathbb R^{6g-6+2k}$
in the case of an orientable surface and to $\mathbb R^{3g-3+2k}$ in the non-orientable case,
see \cite{PP16}, Theorem 2.2.\\

Consider the orientable double cover $(S, \pi, \sigma)$ of a Klein surface $N$ and recall that for $\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(N)$
the pullback $\pi^*\mathfrak X$ is the unique structure in $\mathcal M(S)$ such that the map $\pi : (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X) \to (N, \mathfrak X)$ is dianalytic. Then, the assignment $[\mathfrak X] \mapsto [\pi^*\mathfrak X]$ induces a map of Teichm\"uller spaces
which can be used to identify $\mathcal T^k(N_g)$ as a subspace of $\mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$ as follows.

\begin{lem}
Let $(S_{g-1}, \pi, \sigma)$ be the orientable double cover of a non-orientable Klein surface $N_g$. Then the map
induced by the double cover
$$ \pi^* :  \mathcal T^k(N_g)  \to  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1}) $$
 is injective.
\end{lem}

\noindent
{\em Proof.} Let $[\mathfrak X], [\mathfrak Y] \in \mathcal T^k(N_g)$ be such that $ [\pi^*\mathfrak X] = [\pi^*\mathfrak Y]$.
By definition there exists $h \in \dif_0(S_{g-1}; 2k)$ such that    $h : (S_{g-1}, \pi^*\mathfrak X) \to (S_{g-1}, \pi^*\mathfrak Y)$
is analytic. Consider the following maps:
$$   (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)  \xrightarrow{\;\sigma\;}
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)  \xrightarrow{\;h\;}
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y)  \xrightarrow{\;\sigma\;}
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y)
$$
Since the involution $\sigma$ is antianalytic with respect to $\pi^*\mathfrak X$ and $\pi^*\mathfrak Y$, the
composition $\sigma \circ h \circ \sigma$ is analytic. On the other hand,
$  \sigma \circ h \circ \sigma  \simeq  \sigma \circ id \circ \sigma  =  id \simeq h$.
Thus by the uniqueness of the Teichm\"uller Theorems in the
case with marked points (\cite{Hub06}, Corollary 7.2.3), we have $\sigma \circ h \circ \sigma = h$. Therefore
there exists a diffeomorphism $\widehat h : N_g \to N_g$ such that the following diagram commutes
$$
\xymatrix{
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak X) \ar[r]^h  \ar[d]_\pi  & (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y) \ar[d]^\pi   \\
(N, \mathfrak X)  \ar[r]^{\widehat h}  & (N, \mathfrak Y)  .
}
$$
Since the maps $\pi\circ h $ and $\pi$ are dianalytic, then
$\widehat h : (N_g, \mathfrak X) \to (N_g, \mathfrak Y)$ is also dianalytic (\cite{AG71}, Theorem 1.4.3). It remains to prove that $\widehat h \in \dif_0(N_g; k)$.
Notice the homomorphism $\phi : \mcg(N_g; k) \to \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k)$, induced by the orientable double cover, satisfies
$   \phi([\,\widehat h\,]) = [h] =1 .$
By Theorem 3.2 we know that $\phi$ is injective, and so it follows that $\widehat h \in \dif_0(N_g;k)$.
\hfill$\square$\\

The following result determines the image of $\pi^* :  \mathcal T^k(N_g)  \to  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$. The proof in the compact
case can be found in \cite{SS92}, Theorem 4.5.1, and we extend it here to the case with marked points.\\

\begin{thm}
Let $(S_{g-1}, \pi, \sigma)$ be the orientable double cover of a non-orien- table Klein surface $N_g$ and
let $\pi^*:  \mathcal T^k(N_g)  \to  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$ be
the induced map of Teichm\"uller spaces. Then
$$ \pi^*\left(\mathcal T^k(N_g)\right)   =  \left\{ \, [\mathfrak X]  \in \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})  \; \mid \;  [\sigma^* \mathfrak X] = [\mathfrak X] \, \right\} =: \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})^{\sigma^*}$$
\end{thm}

\medskip

\noindent
{\em Proof.}
If $\mathfrak Y$ is a dianalytic structure on $N$, then the structure $\pi^*\mathfrak Y$ on $S$ is such that the involution
$\sigma : (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y) \to (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y) $ is antianalytic and also
$\sigma^*(\pi^*\mathfrak Y) = (\pi\circ\sigma)^*\mathfrak Y= \pi^*\mathfrak Y$.
Thus  $\pi^*[\mathfrak Y] = [\pi^*\mathfrak Y] \in  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})^{\sigma^*}$. \\

We proceed to show the reverse inclusion. Let $[\mathfrak X] \in \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$ such that $[\sigma^*\mathfrak X] = [\mathfrak X]$.
This means there exists $f \in \dif_0(S)$ such that $f^*\mathfrak X= \sigma^*\mathfrak X$ or $\sigma^*(f^*\mathfrak X) = \mathfrak X$,
and thus the following composite is antianalytic
$$  (S, \mathfrak X)   \xrightarrow{\; \sigma \;} (S, f^*(\mathfrak X))  \xrightarrow{\; f \;} (S, \mathfrak X) . $$
Let $\tau := f \circ \sigma : S \to S$ and notice that $\tau^2 \simeq id$. It is actually not hard to see that $\tau^2 =id$. Since  $\tau$ is antianalytic with respect to the structure $\mathfrak X$, the cyclic group $\langle \tau \rangle$ is a group of automorphisms
of the Klein surface $(S, \mathfrak X)$. Thus by \cite{AG71}, Theorem 1.8.4, there exists a unique dianalytic structure $\mathfrak Y'$ on the surface $N' = S/ \langle \tau \rangle$ such that the canonical
projection $\pi' : (S, \mathfrak X) \to (N', \mathfrak Y')$ is dianalytic.

On the other hand, let us fix a structure $\mathfrak Z \in \mathcal M(N)$
and consider the identity map $id  :  (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Z)  \to  (S, \mathfrak X)$. By \cite{Hub06}, Corollary 7.2.3, there exists a Teichm\"uller map
$h :  (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Z)  \to  (S, \mathfrak X)$ such that $h \simeq id$ and we consider now the following composite

$$  (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Z)   \xrightarrow{\; \sigma \;}
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak Z)   \xrightarrow{\; h \;}
(S, \mathfrak X)   \xrightarrow{\; \tau \;}
(S, \mathfrak X)  .
$$
By the remarks in section 2, the involution $\sigma$ is antianalytic with respect to the structure $\pi^* \mathfrak Z$. If $K_{\tau\circ h \circ \sigma}$ and $K_h$ denote the dilatations of the maps
$\tau\circ h\circ\sigma$ and $h$, respectively (see \cite{Hub06}), then $K_{\tau\circ h\circ\sigma} = K_h$ since $\tau$
and $\sigma$ are antianalytic. Notice also that
$$ \tau \circ h \circ \sigma \, \simeq  \, \tau \circ \sigma \, = \, f \circ \sigma^2  \, \simeq \, id \, \simeq h ,$$
thus by the uniqueness of the Teichm\"uller Theorems (\cite{Hub06}, Corollary 7.2.3)
we have $\tau \circ h \circ \sigma = h$. Therefore there exists a homeomorphism
$\widehat h  :  N  \cong  S/\langle \sigma \rangle  \to  N' \cong S/ \langle  \tau \rangle$ such that the following diagram is
commutative:
$$
\xymatrix{
S  \ar[r]^h  \ar[d]_\pi  & S\ar[d]^{\pi'}   \\
N \ar[r]^{\widehat h}  & N'.
}
$$
Define a dianalytic structure by $\mathfrak Y := (\,\widehat h\,) ^* \,\mathfrak Y'  \in \mathcal M(N)$ and consider the commutative diagram obtained by adding the following structures

$$
\xymatrix{
(S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y) \ar[r]^h  \ar[d]_\pi  & (S, \mathfrak X) \ar[d]^{\pi'}   \\
(N, \mathfrak Y)  \ar[r]^{\widehat h}  & (N', \mathfrak Y')  .
}
$$
Since the maps $\pi, \pi'$ and $\widehat h$ are dianalytic with respect to the corresponding structures, then by
\cite{AG71}, Theorem 1.4.3, we have that $h  :  (S, \pi^*\mathfrak Y)  \to  (S, \mathfrak X)$ is analytic. But $h \simeq id$, thus by definition $\mathfrak X$  and $\pi^* \mathfrak Y$ are Teichm\"uller equivalent and therefore
$[\mathfrak X]  =  [\pi^*\mathfrak Y] = \pi^*([\mathfrak Y])$. This completes the proof of the theorem. \hfill $\square$\\

\section{Nielsen realization for non-orientable surfaces}

In this section we prove the Nielsen realization theorem in the case of non-orientable surfaces with marked points.
Recall from the previous sections that the orientable double cover $(S_{g-1}, \pi, \sigma)$ of a Klein surface $N_g$, induces injections
$$ \pi^* : \mathcal T^k(N_g)   \longrightarrow  \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1}) , $$

$$  \phi  :  \mcg(N_g; k)  \to  \mcg(S_{g-1} ;   k)  .$$

\smallskip

\noindent
We will first show that such maps are compatible with the actions of the mapping class groups on the corresponding
Teichm\"uller spaces. Next we will use the results of Kerckhoff and Wolpert to complete the proof.

\medskip

\begin{lem}
For every $[\mathfrak X] \in \mathcal T^k(N_g)$ and $\alpha \in \mcg(N_g; k)$, the following holds
$$   \pi^*(\alpha \cdot [\mathfrak X]) =  \phi(\alpha) \cdot\pi^*[\mathfrak X] .$$
\end{lem}

\medskip

\noindent
{\em Proof.}
Notice that for  $\alpha = [f]  \in \mcg(N_g; k)$, with  $f \in \dif(N_g; k)$ and  $[\mathfrak X] \in  \mathcal T^k(N_g)$, we have
$$ \pi^*(\alpha \cdot [\mathfrak X])  =  \pi^*([f] \cdot [\mathfrak X])  =  [\pi^*(f^*\mathfrak X)]$$
and
$$  \,\quad \phi(\alpha) \cdot\pi^*[\mathfrak X]  =  [\rho(f)]\cdot [\pi^*\mathfrak X]  =  [\rho(f)^*  (\pi^*\mathfrak X)]  .$$

\smallskip

\noindent
We will actually show that for every $f \in \dif(N_g;k)$ and $\mathfrak X \in \mathcal M(N_g)$
the following equality holds
$$ \rho(f)^*  (\pi^*\mathfrak X) =  \pi^*(f^*\mathfrak X)  .$$
Indeed, by definition of the pullback, the maps
$ \pi : (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)  \to  (N,\mathfrak X)$ and $f : (N, f^*\mathfrak X)  \to  (N, \mathfrak X)$ are dianalytic and
$\rho(f)  :  (S, \rho(f)^*(\pi^*\mathfrak X))  \to  (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)$  is analytic. Consider the following commutative diagram

$$
\xymatrix{
 \!\!(S, \rho(f)^*(\pi^*\mathfrak X))  \ar[r]^{\quad\rho(f)}    \ar[d]_\pi & (S, \pi^*\mathfrak X)   \ar[d]^\pi \\
 (N, f^*\mathfrak X)  \ar[r]^f & (N, \mathfrak X)
 }
$$

\noindent
Since the maps $\pi\circ \rho(f)$ and $ f $ are dianalytic, by \cite{AG71}, Theorem 1.4.3, we have
$  \pi  :  (S,  \rho(f)^*(\pi^*\mathfrak X))    \to   (N, f^*\mathfrak X)  $  is dianalytic. Thus by the uniqueness of the pullback we conclude that

$$ \pi^*(f^*\mathfrak X)   =  \rho(f)^*(\pi^*\mathfrak X)  ,$$
as we wanted to show.  \hfill $\square$  \\

Next we show the main result.\\

\begin{thm}
Every finite subgroup $G \subset \mcg(N_g; k)$ acting on $\mathcal T^k(N_g)$ has a fixed point.
\end{thm}

\noindent
{\em Proof.}
Recall that the orientable double cover $(S_{g-1}, \pi, \sigma)$ of the surface $N_g$ induces an injective homomorphism

$$ \phi  :  \mcg(N_g; k)  \to  \mcg(S_{g-1}; 2k) , \qquad   [f]  \mapsto [\rho(f)] .$$

\noindent
Define $H$ to be the subgroup of $\mcg^{\,\pm}(S_{g-1}; 2k)$ generated by $\phi(G)$ and $[\sigma]$ (the isotopy
class of the involution), and notice this group is isomorphic to $G \times \mathbb Z_2$. By Theorem 1.3
there exists an element $[\mathfrak Y] \in \mathcal T^{2k}(S_{g-1})$ that is fixed under the action of $H$. In particular, for every
$\alpha \in G$ we have

\begin{equation}\label{Equation1}
\phi(\alpha)\cdot [\mathfrak Y] = [\mathfrak Y]
\end{equation}

\noindent
and also
$$ [\sigma^* \mathfrak Y] =[\sigma]\cdot [\mathfrak Y] = [\mathfrak Y] . $$

\medskip

\noindent
By Theorem 4.3 it follows that there exists an element $[\mathfrak X] \in \mathcal T^k(N_g)$ such that
\begin{equation}\label{Equation2}
\pi^*([\mathfrak X])  =  [\mathfrak Y]  .
\end{equation}

\medskip

\noindent
We will show that $[\mathfrak X] \in \mathcal T^k(N_g)$ is a fixed point for the action of the group $G$ on the space $\mathcal T^k(N_g)$. If
$\alpha \in G$, then by Lemma 5.1 we have

$$  \pi^*(\alpha \cdot [\mathfrak X])  =  \phi(\alpha)  \cdot \pi^*([\mathfrak X])  . $$

\medskip

\noindent
Thus by equations (\ref{Equation1}) and (\ref{Equation2}) we have

$$ \pi^*(\alpha \cdot [\mathfrak X])  =  \phi(\alpha)  \cdot  [\mathfrak Y]  =  [\mathfrak Y]  =  \pi^*([\mathfrak X])  .$$

\noindent
Finally, by Lemma 4.2 we know that $\pi^*$ is injective and therefore

$$ \alpha \cdot  [\mathfrak X]  =  [\mathfrak X].   $$
 \hfill $\square$

\section{On the non-existence of sections}

Finally, in this last section we prove Theorem 1.5, namely,
if $g \geq 35$ the projection $p : \dif(N_g)\to \mcg(N_g)$ does not have a section.
The proof will make use of the non-orientable analogues of the Miller-Morita-Mumford classes, see \cite{Ebert}.
Let $\xi  : E \to B$ be a smooth oriented surface bundle and let $T_v E$ be the vertical tangent bundle. This is a 2-dimensional
real vector bundle on $E$ and thus it has an Euler class   $e \in H^2(E; \mathbb Z)$.
The Miller-Morita-Mumford classes for $\xi$ are defined to be
$$ \kappa_n(\xi)  :=    \xi_{\overset{}!}\left( e(T_v E)^{n+1}\right)    \in  H^{2n}(B; \mathbb Z) $$

\noindent
where \, $\xi_{\overset{}!}  :  H^*(E; \mathbb Z)  \to H^{*-2}(B;\mathbb Z)$  \,
 is the {\em umkehr} or the {\em Gysin map}.
 The generalization of this definition to the non-oriented case uses the Becker-Gottlieb transfer
associated to a smooth surface bundle $\xi : E \to B$. This is a map (in the opposite direction) of suspension spectra
$tr\!f_{\overset{}\xi} :   \Sigma^\infty B_+  \to \Sigma^\infty E_+ $
and thus it induces a morphism in cohomology   $tr\!f_{\overset{}\xi}^* :   H^*(E; \mathbb Z)  \to H^*(B; \mathbb Z) $.
The transfer of an oriented surface bundle is related to the umkehr map in the following way: for all $x \in H^*(E; \mathbb Z)$
one has
$$tr\!f_{\overset{}\xi}^*(x)  =   \xi_{\overset{}!}   \Big(x\cup  e(T_v E)\Big)  .$$

\noindent
This implies that
$ \kappa_n(\xi) =  tr\!f_{\overset{}\xi}^*\big(e(T_v E)^n\big)$  for the Miller-Morita-Mumford classes of an oriented surface bundle and in particular
$$   \kappa_{2n}(\xi)  =  tr\!f_{\overset{}\xi}^* \Big(   p_1(T_v E)^n \Big)      $$
where $p_1(T_v E)$  is the first Pontryagin class of the vertical tangent bundle. This can be generalized to the non-oriented case as follows. For an non-oriented surface bundle  $\eta  :  E \to B$,   N. Wahl in \cite{Wahl} defines classes

$$     \zeta_i(\eta)  :=  tr\!f_{\overset{}\eta}^* \Big(   p_1(T_v E)^i \Big) \,  \in \, H^{4i}(B;\mathbb Z)    $$
where $p_1(T_v E)  \in H^4(E; \mathbb Z)$ is the first Pontryagin class.\\

Recall that for $g \geq 3$, the natural projections  $\dif(N_g)  \to  \mcg(N_g)$ and $\dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}) \to  \mcg(S_{g-1})$
induce homotopy equivalences of classifying spaces by \cite{EE}. On the other hand, the spaces $B \dif(N_g)$ and $B \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1})$ carry
universal surface bundles $\eta$ and $\xi$ with fibers $N_g$ and $S_{g-1}$, so the above constructions define cohomology classes
$$\zeta_i \in  H^{4i}B \dif(N_g) \cong  H^{4i} \mcg(N_g) \text{ \ \ and} $$
$$\kappa_i \in H^{2i} B \dif^{\,+}(S_g) \cong  H^{2i}\mcg(S_{g-1}) $$
which can be used to describe the rational cohomology
of mapping class groups in the stable range.
For instance, combining the results of Wahl \cite{Wahl} with those of Galatius, Madsen, Tillmann and Weiss \cite{GMTW}, one gets that
the natural map
$$ \mathbb Q[\zeta_1, \zeta_2, \zeta_3, \dots    ]     \longrightarrow     H^*(\mcg(N_g)  ; \mathbb Q)$$

\noindent
is isomorphism in the stable range   $  *   \leq   \frac{g-3}{4}$.
In particular $\zeta_i \neq 0$ in $ H^{4i}( - ; \mathbb Q)$  if $g \geq 16 i +3$.
The following result was
proven by Ebert and Randal-Williams in \cite{Ebert}.

\medskip

\begin{thm}[Ebert - Randal-Williams]
Let $\eta : E \to B$ be a non-oriented surface bundle and let $\tilde \eta : \tilde E \to B$ be its fiberwise oriented double cover.
Then the following relation holds for all $n \geq 0$: $$\kappa_{2n}(\tilde\eta) =  2 \cdot \zeta_n(\eta)  .$$
\end{thm}

\medskip

\noindent
To proceed we will need a couple of lemmas.

\medskip

\begin{lem}
Let $\phi :  \mcg(N_g) \to \mcg(S_{g-1})$ be the morphism induced by the choice of an orientation preserving lifting (see section 3).
 Then for all $i \geq0$:
$$ \phi^*(\kappa_{2i})  =  2 \cdot \zeta_i .$$
\end{lem}

\noindent
{\em Proof.} Consider the homomorphism  $\rho  :  \dif(N_g) \to  \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1})$ given by choosing an orientation
preserving lifting and notice that $\dif(N_g)$ acts on $S_{g-1}$ via $\rho$. Then we get a map of bundles
$$
\xymatrix{
S_{g-1}  \ar[d]  \ar@{=}[r] &   S_{g-1}  \ar[d]\\
E \dif(N_g)   \underset{\dif(N_g)}\times S_{g-1} \ar[r] \ar[d] &  E \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}) \underset{\dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1})}\times S_{g-1} \ar[d]  \\
B \dif(N_g)    \ar[r]^{B\rho} &   B \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1})
}
$$
where the right column is the universal bundle $\xi$ and the left column is the fiberwise orientable double cover $\tilde\eta$
of the universal bundle $\eta$. By naturality of characteristic classes
$$ (B\rho)^*(\kappa_{2i}(\xi)) =  \kappa_{2i}(\tilde\eta)$$
and thus by Theorem 6.2 we have $(B\rho)^*(\kappa_{2i}(\xi))  =  2\cdot \zeta_i(\eta)$. Finally, the commutative
diagram of groups
$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
\dif(N_g)   \ar[r]^{\rho\quad} \ar[d] & \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1}) \ar[d] \\
\mcg(N_g)   \ar[r]^{\phi\quad}   &  \mcg(S_{g-1})  .\\
}
$$
induces a commutative diagram when passing to the cohomology of classifying spaces
$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
H^*(B \dif(N_g) ; \mathbb Z)  & H^*(B \dif^{\,+}(S_{g-1});  \mathbb Z)   \ar[l]_{B\rho^*}\\
H^*(B \mcg(N_g) ; \mathbb Z)  \ar[u]^\cong &  H^*(B \mcg(S_{g-1}) ; \mathbb Z)  \ar[u]_\cong  \ar[l]_{B\phi^*}
}
$$
and the result follows.  \hfill $\square$

\medskip

\begin{lem}
Let $p : \dif(N_g) \to   \mcg(N_g)$ be the natural projection and let $p^*  : H^*(\mcg(N_g); \mathbb Q)  \to H^*(\dif_\delta(N_g) ; \mathbb Q)$
be the induced homomorphism, where $\dif_\delta(N_g)$ denotes the group $\dif(N_g)$ considered as a discrete group.
Then for any $i \geq 2$ we have
\; $p^*(\zeta_i) =0  $.
\end{lem}

\noindent
{\em Proof}.
Notice the commutative diagram
$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
\dif_\delta(N_g)   \ar[r]^\rho \ar[d]_{p_1} & \dif_\delta^{\,+}(S_{g-1}) \ar[d]^{p_2} \\
\mcg(N_g)   \ar[r]^\phi   &  \mcg(S_{g-1})  .\\
}
$$
gives rise to the following commutative diagram in cohomology

$$
\SelectTips{cm}{10}
\xymatrix{
H^*(\dif_\delta(N_g) ; \mathbb Q)  & H^*( \dif_\delta^{\,+}(S_{g-1});  \mathbb Q)   \ar[l]_{\rho^*}\\
H^*(\mcg(N_g) ; \mathbb Q)  \ar[u]^{p_1^*} &  H^*(\mcg(S_{g-1}) ; \mathbb Q)  \ar[u]_{p_2^*}  \ar[l]_{\phi^*}
}
$$
and thus \ $p_1^*(\phi^*(\kappa_{2i}))  =  \rho^*(p_2^*(\kappa_{2i}))$. By the previous lemma
we have $\phi^*(\kappa_{2i}) = 2 \cdot \zeta_i$ and since $i \geq 2$, Theorem 4.20 of \cite{MorBook} implies that  $p_2^*(\kappa_{2i})=0$.
Thus $p_1^*(2\cdot \zeta_i) = 2 \cdot p_1^*(\zeta_i)=0$.  \hfill $\square$  \\

\medskip

\noindent
{\em Proof of Theorem \ref{thm:nonsection}}.
Notice that if $g \geq 35 = 16(2) +3$, the class $\zeta_2 \in H^8(\mcg(N_g); \mathbb Q)$
is in the stable range and therefore, is non-zero. Assume that there is a homomorphism  $s : \mcg(N_g) \to  \dif(N_g)$ such that $p\circ s=\rm{id}$
and consider $\dif(N_g)$ as a discrete group.

$$
\qquad
\xymatrix{
\dif_\delta(N_g)  \ar[d]_p  \\
\mcg(N_g) \ar@/_2pc/[u]_s
}
\qquad \qquad
\xymatrix{
H^*(\dif_\delta(N_g) ; \mathbb Q)  \ar@<2ex>[d]^{s^*}  \\
H^*(\mcg(N_g) ;  \mathbb Q) \ar@<1ex>[u]^{p^*}
}
$$

\noindent
Then we have $s^* p^*(\zeta_2) = \zeta_2 \neq 0$. But this contradicts the conclusion $p^*(\zeta_2)=0$ of the previous lemma.
$\square$

\medskip

\noindent
\begin{rmk}
In the orientable case when $g=1$, namely for the torus, it is easy to give a section for the projection
$\dif^{\,+}(T^2)  \to   Mod(T^2) = SL(2, \mathbb Z)$ by looking at the natural action of $SL(2, \mathbb Z)$ on $T^2 = \mathbb R^2 / \mathbb Z^2$.
In the non-orientable case, when $g=3$, it was shown in \cite{Fico_Mar06} that $Mod(N_3) = GL(2, \mathbb Z)$ and that the standard linear
action
of $GL(2, \mathbb Z)$ on $T^2$ induces an action on $N_3$, regarded as the blow up of the torus regarded as a real algebraic variety.
This defines
a section for the projection  $ \dif(N_3) \to GL(2, \mathbb Z)$.
Thus, every subgroup of $\mcg(T^2)$ or $\mcg(N_3)$ is realizable as a group of
diffeomorphisms of $T^2$ or $N_3$, regardless if it is finite or not.
\end{rmk}

\medskip

\section*{Acknowledgements}
The first author wishes to thank Miguel A. Xicot\'encatl for his support and valuable comments
while this work was conducted. He also acknowledges the support of CONACYT through the Ph.D. scholarship
No. 494867.
Both authors are greateful for the financial
support of CONACYT grant
CB-2017-2018-A1-S-30345.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Black Seed Oil Salve - Lather and More!
This all-natural creamy Black Seed oil salve is made with the purest oils that soften, soothe, moisturize, and protect your skin.
Your skin will absorb the raw Coco butter, Shea butter and black seed oil. Essential oils like Soothing Peppermint and Rosemary essential oils, Calendula & Chamomile extracts have been added to provide anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties to this Salve.
Directions: Apply a tiny amount to a small area on the forearm to test for skin sensitivity. Once you have done the sensitivity test and all is well, massage into skin twice a day or as needed for maximum results. Please use sparingly. A little goes a long way.
* It is recommended to conduct a skin test before applying liberally since Black Seed oil is a strong anti-bacterial oil which some people may have a sensitivity to.
Ingredients: Sweet Almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil, Shea Butter (Butyrospermum Parkii) , Cocoa Butter (Theobroma Cacao), Castor (Ricinus Communis) seed oil, Beeswax (Cera alba), Black seed oil (5%), Vitamin E (Tocopherol) oil, Rosehip seed oil, Chamomile extract, Calendula extract, peppermint, rosemary essential oils.
Please Note: This product is not used to treat or cure any medical skin conditions. Pregnant women or women who are planning on becoming pregnant in the near future should not use this product. For external use only. Do not use on children under 12 yrs of age.


A friend and I just bought tickets - very much looking forward to attending!
I'm likely not going to be RPing on Sanguinus for the foreseeable future due to time and texhnology constraints. I appreciate the welcoming community and the RP I had, though. See you all on the flip side.
Heard it from the horse's mouth himself at a convention - he's doing the write-up, and it will include its different manifestations also, so we ought to be getting Samedi and Harbingers in addition to Giovanni.
I'm really looking forward to seeing their writeup of the Clan of Death by Matthew Dawkins in Cults of the Blood. Knowing that's coming out has me excited.
I'm also eager to see what they do with the Baali - infernalism is what all the cool kids are doing, and maybe it's the forbidden fruit appeal of something that literally no chronicle allows but I've always been fascinated by the Baali.
Unfortunately, as I am moving back into University and settling I won't be available for RP. I'll need to see if my schedule can fit Sanguinus before I rejoin, but I assure you all I had a lot of fun in the short stretches of time I was able to play.
As much as I'd wish to contribute somehow, despite my inactivity on the IRC for the past while, a Monday evening commitment isn't possible.
Regarding the question of potential "breach." Matters are settled, the whole thing about someone thinking I was in touch with my daughter was all a terrible misunderstanding. Thanks for not killing me right off the bat!
I'm hopeful that the Player's Guide will have some good content (clans, give me more clans), though I'm bewildered by the decision to make the next big thematic sourcebook about The Second Inquisition of all things.


text:
Q: How to get stats of the website's who use my web widget which has an iframe? I've deployed a web widget which basically has an iframe & an external Javascript.
I added GA to the iframe before deploying it hoping to analyse where my widget is used. However now I get stats of my widget from GA like the number of times the iframe is loaded & other traffic related things but not what I needed.
What I needed was the urls of the websites where my widget is embeded.
How can I do this?
If GA not helps for this, Is there any other way to track my widget?

A: When you load an iframe, the initial 'referrer' value of the iframe will always be the value the page the iframe is contained on. (The exception is if the parent page is on HTTPS, and your iframe is in HTTP, then the referral value is blank, or if the site intentionally spoofs the referrer by POSTing into the iframe, like Facebook does for iframes on Fan pages).
So, if the parent URL is the referrer, that means to Google Analytics, the parent page is the Traffic Source. So, dig deep into your Traffic Sources report. The containing domain will be under Source (example.com), and the path of the URL will be under Content in the secondary dimension (/path-to-page-with-your-iframe-on-it.html)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
'''
ListAdapter
=================

.. versionadded:: 1.5

.. warning::

    This code is still experimental, and its API is subject to change in a
    future version.

A :class:`ListAdapter` is an adapter around a python list and adds support
for selection operations. If you wish to have a bare-bones list adapter,
without selection, use a
:class:`~kivy.adapters.simplelistadapter.SimpleListAdapter`.

From an :class:`~kivy.adapters.Adapter`, a :class:`ListAdapter` inherits cls,
template, and args_converter properties and adds others that control selection
behaviour:

* :attr:`~ListAdapter.selection`: a list of selected items.

* :attr:`~ListAdapter.selection_mode`: one of 'single', 'multiple' or 'none'.

* :attr:`~ListAdapter.allow_empty_selection`: a boolean. If False, a selection
  is forced. If True, and only user or programmatic action will change
  selection, it can be empty.

A :class:`~kivy.adapters.dictadapter.DictAdapter` is a subclass of a
:class:`~kivy.adapters.listadapter.ListAdapter`. They both dispatch the
:attr:`~ListAdapter.on_selection_change` event when selection changes.

.. versionchanged:: 1.6.0
    Added data = ListProperty([]), which was proably inadvertently deleted at
    some point. This means that whenever data changes an update will fire,
    instead of having to reset the data object (Adapter has data defined as
    an ObjectProperty, so we need to reset it here to ListProperty). See also
    DictAdapter and its set of data = DictProperty().

'''

__all__ = ('ListAdapter', )

import inspect
from kivy.event import EventDispatcher
from kivy.adapters.adapter import Adapter
from kivy.adapters.models import SelectableDataItem
from kivy.properties import ListProperty
from kivy.properties import DictProperty
from kivy.properties import BooleanProperty
from kivy.properties import OptionProperty
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty
from kivy.lang import Builder

class ListAdapter(Adapter, EventDispatcher):
    '''
    A base class for adapters interfacing with lists, dictionaries or other
    collection type data, adding selection, view creation and management
    functonality.
    '''

    data = ListProperty([])
    '''The data list property is redefined here, overriding its definition as
    an ObjectProperty in the Adapter class. We bind to data so that any
    changes will trigger updates. See also how the
    :class:`~kivy.adapters.DictAdapter` redefines data as a
    :class:`~kivy.properties.DictProperty`.

    :attr:`data` is a :class:`~kivy.properties.ListProperty` and defaults
    to [].
    '''

    selection = ListProperty([])
    '''The selection list property is the container for selected items.

    :attr:`selection` is a :class:`~kivy.properties.ListProperty` and defaults
    to [].
    '''

    selection_mode = OptionProperty('single',
            options=('none', 'single', 'multiple'))
    '''The selection_mode is a string and can be set to one of the following
    values:

       * 'none': use the list as a simple list (no select action). This option
         is here so that selection can be turned off, momentarily or
         permanently, for an existing list adapter.
         A :class:`~kivy.adapters.listadapter.ListAdapter` is not meant to be
         used as a primary no-selection list adapter.  Use a
         :class:`~kivy.adapters.simplelistadapter.SimpleListAdapter` for that.

       * 'single': multi-touch/click ignored. Single item selection only.

       * 'multiple': multi-touch / incremental addition to selection allowed;
         may be limited to a count by setting the
         :attr:`~ListAdapter.selection_limit`.

    :attr:`selection_mode` is an :class:`~kivy.properties.OptionProperty` and
    defaults to 'single'.
    '''

    propagate_selection_to_data = BooleanProperty(False)
    '''Normally, data items are not selected/deselected because the data items
    might not have an is_selected boolean property -- only the item view for a
    given data item is selected/deselected as part of the maintained selection
    list. However, if the data items do have an is_selected property, or if
    they mix in :class:`~kivy.adapters.models.SelectableDataItem`, the
    selection machinery can propagate selection to data items. This can be
    useful for storing selection state in a local database or backend database
    for maintaining state in game play or other similar scenarios. It is a
    convenience function.

    To propagate selection or not?

    Consider a shopping list application for shopping for fruits at the
    market. The app allows for the selection of fruits to buy for each day of
    the week, presenting seven lists: one for each day of the week. Each list is
    loaded with all the available fruits, but the selection for each is a
    subset. There is only one set of fruit data shared between the lists, so
    it would not make sense to propagate selection to the data because
    selection in any of the seven lists would clash and mix with that of the
    others.

    However, consider a game that uses the same fruits data for selecting
    fruits available for fruit-tossing. A given round of play could have a
    full fruits list, with fruits available for tossing shown selected. If the
    game is saved and rerun, the full fruits list, with selection marked on
    each item, would be reloaded correctly if selection is always propagated to
    the data. You could accomplish the same functionality by writing code to
    operate on list selection, but having selection stored in the data
    ListProperty might prove convenient in some cases.

    .. note::

        This setting should be set to True if you wish to initialize the view
        with item views already selected.

    :attr:`propagate_selection_to_data` is a
    :class:`~kivy.properties.BooleanProperty` and defaults to False.
    '''

    allow_empty_selection = BooleanProperty(True)
    '''The allow_empty_selection may be used for cascading selection between
    several list views, or between a list view and an observing view. Such
    automatic maintenance of the selection is important for all but simple
    list displays. Set allow_empty_selection to False and the selection is
    auto-initialized and always maintained, so any observing views
    may likewise be updated to stay in sync.

    :attr:`allow_empty_selection` is a
    :class:`~kivy.properties.BooleanProperty` and defaults to True.
    '''

    selection_limit = NumericProperty(-1)
    '''When the :attr:`~ListAdapter.selection_mode` is 'multiple' and the
    selection_limit is
    non-negative, this number will limit the number of selected items. It can
    be set to 1, which is equivalent to single selection. If selection_limit is
    not set, the default value is -1, meaning that no limit will be enforced.

    :attr:`selection_limit` is a :class:`~kivy.properties.NumericProperty` and
    defaults to -1 (no limit).
    '''

    cached_views = DictProperty({})
    '''View instances for data items are instantiated and managed by the
    adapter. Here we maintain a dictionary containing the view
    instances keyed to the indices in the data.

    This dictionary works as a cache. get_view() only asks for a view from
    the adapter if one is not already stored for the requested index.

    :attr:`cached_views` is a :class:`~kivy.properties.DictProperty` and
    defaults to {}.
    '''

    __events__ = ('on_selection_change', )

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(ListAdapter, self).__init__(**kwargs)

        self.bind(selection_mode=self.selection_mode_changed,
                  allow_empty_selection=self.check_for_empty_selection,
                  data=self.update_for_new_data)

        self.update_for_new_data()

    def delete_cache(self, *args):
        self.cached_views = {}

    def get_count(self):
        return len(self.data)

    def get_data_item(self, index):
        if index < 0 or index >= len(self.data):
            return None
        return self.data[index]

    def selection_mode_changed(self, *args):
        if self.selection_mode == 'none':
            for selected_view in self.selection:
                self.deselect_item_view(selected_view)
        else:
            self.check_for_empty_selection()

    def get_view(self, index):
        if index in self.cached_views:
            return self.cached_views[index]
        item_view = self.create_view(index)
        if item_view:
            self.cached_views[index] = item_view
        return item_view

    def create_view(self, index):
        '''This method is more complicated than the ones in the
        :class:`~kivy.adapters.adapter.Adapter` and
        :class:`~kivy.adapters.simplelistadapter.SimpleListAdapter` classes
        because here we create bindings for the data items and their children
        back to the *self.handle_selection()* event. We also perform
        other selection-related tasks to keep item views in sync with the data.
        '''
        item = self.get_data_item(index)
        if item is None:
            return None

        item_args = self.args_converter(index, item)

        item_args['index'] = index

        cls = self.get_cls()
        if cls:
            view_instance = cls(**item_args)
        else:
            view_instance = Builder.template(self.template, **item_args)

        if self.propagate_selection_to_data:
            # The data item must be a subclass of SelectableDataItem, or must
            # have an is_selected boolean or function, so it has is_selected
            # available.  If is_selected is unavailable on the data item, an
            # exception is raised.
            #
            if isinstance(item, SelectableDataItem):
                if item.is_selected:
                    self.handle_selection(view_instance)
            elif type(item) == dict and 'is_selected' in item:
                if item['is_selected']:
                    self.handle_selection(view_instance)
            elif hasattr(item, 'is_selected'):
                if (inspect.isfunction(item.is_selected)
                        or inspect.ismethod(item.is_selected)):
                    if item.is_selected():
                        self.handle_selection(view_instance)
                else:
                    if item.is_selected:
                        self.handle_selection(view_instance)
            else:
                msg = "ListAdapter: unselectable data item for {0}"
                raise Exception(msg.format(index))

        view_instance.bind(on_release=self.handle_selection)

        for child in view_instance.children:
            child.bind(on_release=self.handle_selection)

        return view_instance

    def on_selection_change(self, *args):
        '''on_selection_change() is the default handler for the
        on_selection_change event. You can bind to this event to get notified
        of selection changes.

        :Parameters:
            adapter: :class:`~ListAdapter` or subclass
                The instance of the list adapter where the selection changed.
                Use the adapters :attr:`selection` property to see what has been
                selected.
        '''
        pass

    def handle_selection(self, view, hold_dispatch=False, *args):
        if view not in self.selection:
            if self.selection_mode in ['none', 'single'] and \
                    len(self.selection) > 0:
                for selected_view in self.selection:
                    self.deselect_item_view(selected_view)
            if self.selection_mode != 'none':
                if self.selection_mode == 'multiple':
                    if self.allow_empty_selection:
                        # If < 0, selection_limit is not active.
                        if self.selection_limit < 0:
                            self.select_item_view(view)
                        else:
                            if len(self.selection) < self.selection_limit:
                                self.select_item_view(view)
                    else:
                        self.select_item_view(view)
                else:
                    self.select_item_view(view)
        else:
            self.deselect_item_view(view)
            if self.selection_mode != 'none':
                # If the deselection makes selection empty, the following call
                # will check allows_empty_selection, and if False, will
                # select the first item. If view happens to be the first item,
                # this will be a reselection, and the user will notice no
                # change, except perhaps a flicker.
                #
                self.check_for_empty_selection()

        if not hold_dispatch:
            self.dispatch('on_selection_change')

    def select_data_item(self, item):
        self.set_data_item_selection(item, True)

    def deselect_data_item(self, item):
        self.set_data_item_selection(item, False)

    def set_data_item_selection(self, item, value):
        if isinstance(item, SelectableDataItem):
            item.is_selected = value
        elif type(item) == dict:
            item['is_selected'] = value
        elif hasattr(item, 'is_selected'):
            if (inspect.isfunction(item.is_selected)
                    or inspect.ismethod(item.is_selected)):
                item.is_selected()
            else:
                item.is_selected = value

    def select_item_view(self, view):
        view.select()
        view.is_selected = True
        self.selection.append(view)

        # [TODO] sibling selection for composite items
        #        Needed? Or handled from parent?
        #        (avoid circular, redundant selection)
        #if hasattr(view, 'parent') and hasattr(view.parent, 'children'):
         #siblings = [child for child in view.parent.children if child != view]
         #for sibling in siblings:
             #if hasattr(sibling, 'select'):
                 #sibling.select()

        if self.propagate_selection_to_data:
            data_item = self.get_data_item(view.index)
            self.select_data_item(data_item)

    def select_list(self, view_list, extend=True):
        '''The select call is made for the items in the provided view_list.

        Arguments:

            view_list: the list of item views to become the new selection, or
            to add to the existing selection

            extend: boolean for whether or not to extend the existing list
        '''
        if not extend:
            self.selection = []

        for view in view_list:
            self.handle_selection(view, hold_dispatch=True)

        self.dispatch('on_selection_change')

    def deselect_item_view(self, view):
        view.deselect()
        view.is_selected = False
        self.selection.remove(view)

        # [TODO] sibling deselection for composite items
        #        Needed? Or handled from parent?
        #        (avoid circular, redundant selection)
        #if hasattr(view, 'parent') and hasattr(view.parent, 'children'):
         #siblings = [child for child in view.parent.children if child != view]
         #for sibling in siblings:
             #if hasattr(sibling, 'deselect'):
                 #sibling.deselect()

        if self.propagate_selection_to_data:
            item = self.get_data_item(view.index)
            self.deselect_data_item(item)

    def deselect_list(self, l):
        for view in l:
            self.handle_selection(view, hold_dispatch=True)

        self.dispatch('on_selection_change')

    # [TODO] Could easily add select_all() and deselect_all().

    def update_for_new_data(self, *args):
        self.delete_cache()
        self.initialize_selection()

    def initialize_selection(self, *args):
        if len(self.selection) > 0:
            self.selection = []
            self.dispatch('on_selection_change')

        self.check_for_empty_selection()

    def check_for_empty_selection(self, *args):
        if not self.allow_empty_selection:
            if len(self.selection) == 0:
                # Select the first item if we have it.
                v = self.get_view(0)
                if v is not None:
                    self.handle_selection(v)

    # [TODO] Also make methods for scroll_to_sel_start, scroll_to_sel_end,
    #        scroll_to_sel_middle.

    def trim_left_of_sel(self, *args):
        '''Cut list items with indices in sorted_keys that are less than the
        index of the first selected item if there is a selection.
        '''
        if len(self.selection) > 0:
            first_sel_index = min([sel.index for sel in self.selection])
            self.data = self.data[first_sel_index:]

    def trim_right_of_sel(self, *args):
        '''Cut list items with indices in sorted_keys that are greater than
        the index of the last selected item if there is a selection.
        '''
        if len(self.selection) > 0:
            last_sel_index = max([sel.index for sel in self.selection])
            print('last_sel_index', last_sel_index)
            self.data = self.data[:last_sel_index + 1]

    def trim_to_sel(self, *args):
        '''Cut list items with indices in sorted_keys that are less than or
        greater than the index of the last selected item if there is a
        selection. This preserves intervening list items within the selected
        range.
        '''
        if len(self.selection) > 0:
            sel_indices = [sel.index for sel in self.selection]
            first_sel_index = min(sel_indices)
            last_sel_index = max(sel_indices)
            self.data = self.data[first_sel_index:last_sel_index + 1]

    def cut_to_sel(self, *args):
        '''Same as trim_to_sel, but intervening list items within the selected
        range are also cut, leaving only list items that are selected.
        '''
        if len(self.selection) > 0:
            self.data = self.selection

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


dennisusher321 has not yet been in a debate.
Post a comment to dennisusher321's profile.
dennisusher321 does not have any Debate.org friends.
dennisusher321 has not added any photo albums.
If you are logged in, you will also see green or red bullets next to each issue, which indicate whether you agree or disagree with dennisusher321 on that particular issue.
You can also click each issue to find other members that agree with dennisusher321's position on the issue.


An Origami Diaper Cake - You'll be the only one at the party with one of these!!
I gotta admit, I never in my life would have dreamed up an Origami Diaper Cake. But here it is, in living color! This creative and delightfully original diaper cake is so cute! Talk about working well under pressure!
This diaper cake design was created, designed, made and submitted to us by Lynn from Florida. What a stroke of creativity she had! And I am SO glad she was caring enough to share her diaper cake ideas with the rest of us. She has inspired all of us with a flair for something new. Thank you Lynn!!
This design was created out of desperation. It is a gift for a friends daughter and her registry just did not inspire me so I used her color theme and inspired myself. The Origami elephant and the origami puppy are each made with two receiving blankets and one burp cloth. I like to use columns with some of my cakes as it gives them added height and also creates a space for extra filling. I find the columns and cake circles in the cake decorating isle at Michaels or Walmart.
Lynn, thank you for sharing your amazing creativity!!
Want to make your own diaper cake, but don't know where to start - Take Step #1, #2 and #3 and you'll have a diaper cake in just an hour or two!


text:
Jerzy Kapias (ur. 26 listopada 1957 w Świętochłowicach) – polski piłkarz, grający na pozycji obrońcy.

W ciągu trwającej 8 sezonów (1982/83-1989/90) kariery zawodnika GKS Katowice wystąpił łącznie w 187 meczach, zdobywając 6 goli. W sezonie 1985/86 sięgnął z drużyną po Puchar Polski.

Jest ojcem Szymona Kapiasa, piłkarza Zagłębia Lubin.

Linki zewnętrzne

Polscy piłkarze
Urodzeni w 1957
Piłkarze GKS Katowice
Ludzie urodzeni w Świętochłowicach


text:
Film » Film Stories
Future Imperfect
Renaissance is black and white and a little dead all over
by Robert Wilonsky
The Tivoli
The animated feature has become the most tiresome dish available in the googolplex buffet line — more so than even the mopey art-house offering in which bad things happen to good people while string sections and Elliott Smith sound-alikes douse the soundtrack with dollops of calamity and sorrow. You can't tell one cartoon from the next; really, not till the three-year-old living in my house mentioned how badly he wanted to see Open Season did I realize he wasn't still talking about Over the Hedge. No wonder The Ant Bully got pantsed at the box office; it was perfectly lovely, but even a pre-schooler can suffer burnout when exposed to too much of the same-ol'-same-ol' after a while. That's how the Wiggles got replaced by the Flaming Lips around my house.
So, yeah, it's exciting when something like Renaissance comes along, promising to reinvent an increasingly stale medium. It has this much going for it: You have never seen anything like Christian Volckman's film, which spent some six years cooking in the lab before being unleashed upon European audiences earlier this year (to ho-hum reaction). Not since, oh, Toy Story (or, to keep the French connection intact, The Triplets of Belleville) could you say as much about the animated film; Pixar seized the form and refashioned it in its polished, pristine image, and only with the sputtering Cars did the formula finally go sour. Volckman, in his attempts to make a big-screen comic book sans recognizable faces, has stripped down and amped up the procedure: His set-in-the-future sci-fi police procedural is entirely monochromatic, all black and white, save for a brief burst of color that comes on like a Technicolor hurricane just when you need some relief from the bland pizzazz. It's film noir, with too much noir for its own good.
For a little while, it's dazzling. Then it's dizzying. Then it's just kind of...wearying. That's not because it's entirely in black and white; so too was Sin City, whose look Volckman and his team began appropriating well before Robert Rodriguez began adapting Frank Miller's comic book series with familiar faces pulling their punches in front of green screens. There's just something terribly, tragically dull about Renaissance, which is less a plotted movie than a meticulously made demo reel for "motion capture," a method of animation (used on The Polar Express and Monster House) that's been reinvented for this impressive and wholly stultifying endeavor. Basically a filmmaker directs actual people whose images are then shipped to a computer, where a team of animators spend years transforming humans into cartoon characters. Here, Volckman turns people into ink blotters, more or less; you don't watch these characters as much as you interpret them, which is about as exciting as the thing gets.
Here we are halfway through this review, and thus far there's no mention of plot. That's because the story, a mash-up of elements lifted from Blade Runner and Minority Report and other sci-fi actioners dealing with genetic engineering, was kept decidedly threadbare in order to keep the audience engaged in a film whose look is demanding enough on the eyeballs. It's confusing trying to keep track of people whose faces are various whiter shades of pale.
But one can't knock the look; the design of Paris in 2054 is easily the most compelling thing about the film. This future city looks much the same as it does today, but the visual effects crew has added some remarkably nifty and realistic touches; the Metro, for instance, has a bulletproof glass ceiling through which passers-by can watch the trains rumbling in and out of the station. It comes in handy during chase scenes; imagine being able to track your prey without being able to stop him, which is a most frustrating proposition for cops in this movie.
Volckman likes to compare the set design to Metropolis and Blade Runner; sure, and every band in the world would like to be compared to the Beatles and Bob Dylan, but saying it doesn't make it so. His film is merely a black-and-white vessel waiting for someone to give it shades of depth. What's the movie about? For starters, it's about 60 minutes too long, because once you're introduced to the plot, it's mostly filler with little killer, no matter how many people wind up dead.
A cop named Karas (voiced by James Bond himself, Daniel Craig, who sounds so uninterested you worry his was a one-take taping) is investigating the disappearance of a woman named Ilona (Romola Garai), a scientist involved in genetic research at a pharmaceutical company called Avalon, which is run by the cacklingly sinister Dellenbach (Jonathan Pryce). Seems Ilona was working on a formula to cure the premature aging disorder known as progeria, and her sister, Bislane (Catherine McCormack), may likewise be involved. But of course, there's more to the story — something to do with immortality, which comes in handy when you're watching a movie that seems to go on forever.
Film Stories Reviews Christian Volckman Elliott Smith (Musician) Belleville Pixar Animation Studios


Thousands of people are searching for this young boy. 6-year-old Bryier Clark Fauquher has been missing from his Vermillion County home in Indiana since Wednesday, October 10.
Police are asking for the public's help with this case and they have issued out a Silver Alert, according to "FOX59."
The state of Indiana has passed a new Silver Alert law. The update includes endangered children or teenagers that may have a mental illness, intellectual disability, or other physical or mental disabilities, or children who cannot return to their homes. Bryier's case is considered to be a Silver Alert.
Bryier was last seen on Wednesday, October 10 at 6 p.m. in Clinton, Indiana. Police say that he is in extreme danger and may require medical assistance. No further details are available regarding his possible medical condition.
Police say that Bryier's mother, 32-year-old Amy Jones, is also missing. They suspect that the two are together.
Bryier is described as a white male, is 3-foot-6-inches tall, weighing about 67 pounds, with blonde hair and blue eyes.
Jones is described as a white female, is 5-foot-6-inches tall, weighing about 128 pounds, with brown hair and brown eyes.
If you have any information on Bryier Clark Fauquher, contact the Vermillion County Sheriff's Department at 765-492-3838 or 911.
Please keep this little boy in your thoughts and prayers! We pray he is found alive and is returned to a safe home.


Franciscan University of Steubenville in Ohio, USA is approved for International Student Loans and Study Abroad Loans.
International students studying at Franciscan University of Steubenville can apply for an International Student Loan.
Students enrolled at Franciscan University of Steubenville that plan to study abroad (and receive credit at Franciscan University of Steubenville) can apply for a Study Abroad Loan.


Get 10% Off with Ka`Oir Cosmetics coupon codes and promo codes for June 2018. Today's top Ka`Oir Cosmetics coupon: 10% Off.
Ka`Oir Cosmetics Promo Codes There are 19 promo codes for Jun 2018. coupon code has been used times in Jun 2018.
Find top KA`OIR Coupon Codes and promo codes for June 2018:Come in and get 15% Off today .Don't forget to use our newest 24 coupons and discount codes before checking out.
Get FREE The Last Hunt Coupon Codes, Discount Code 2018! Save big with The Last Hunt Coupons at Paylesswithcoupons.com!
Save money with Creately Coupon Code. You can find Coupons in May 2018. Get free now and save big!
Get FREE Victoria's Secret Coupon Codes, Discount Code 2018! Save big with Victoria's Secret Coupons at Paylesswithcoupons.com!
WorldWinner Promo Codes All free WorldWinner US Promo Code & Coupon - May 2018. Today 0 verified WorldWinner Codes & Promotions for Untied States for you.
Get free Ka`Oir Cosmetics coupon codes, Ka`Oir Cosmetics Promo Codes and Coupons June 2018. SAVE 10% ON YOUR KA'OIR BY USING MY PROMO CODE.
© Free location coupons Incorp coupon | Promo Codes & Deals 2018 Ka oir coupon code 2018.