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It's a big move for me - White
The Millers' latest addition talks to www.themillers.co.uk...
First summer signing Aidy White insists his decision to join the Millers marked a 'big move' for the former Leeds United utility player.
The 23-year-old arrives in South Yorkshire with a wealth of Sky Bet Championship experience having enjoyed a seven year spell with the Elland Road club, and is looking forward to getting his time with the Millers underway.
"It's a big move for me. I was at Leeds for a long time but coming here was a great opportunity to get back to playing football and I'm delighted to be here and I can't wait to get going," he enthused.
"The club has been very successful over the last few years with back-to-back promotions and then last season in the Championship. They've been brilliant and they're holding their own.
"I spoke to Steve [Evans] a few weeks ago and he wanted to get me here and we had a meeting set up and from there it all happened quite quickly."
White made his debut for Leeds at the tender age of 16 but suffered a frustrating season last time out through injury. He's now back fit, and played against the Millers on the final day of last season in the 0-0 draw at Elland Road.
"I came on for the last 20 minutes and it was fantastic to be back playing. I wanted to make an impact because I'd been out for so long and I felt like I did and obviously Steve felt like I did to look at signing me.
"I'm injury free now and that's all sorted. I'm looking forward to getting down and playing and enjoying my football."
The Otley-born utility man called upon his local knowledge and old friends ahead of making the switch to AESSEAL New York Stadium, and stated the move to the Millers was right for a number of reasons.
"I already know a few of the lads here and I spoke to Greeny and he couldn't speak highly enough of the club so that was a big factor as well," he told www.themillers.co.uk.
"It's not too far from home and I'll probably be moving nearer this way and I'm looking forward to it. It is a big club and I this move ticked a lot of boxes for me, the main one was to be playing football.
"It was sad leaving Leeds but I think that this is what I need to kick start my career. I need to get playing games and while I'm still young at 23, I'd say I'm experienced."


Documents are created because of the practical need of a state or private institution, family or individual to ensure the regular execution of their activities. After a number of years, they lose their value in the business operation of their creator or, in the case of institutions, if the institution itself ceases to exist. This is when the documents are given to the archives, which are in charge of their storage.
Even before they arrive at the archives, documents are in the care of a service for the monitoring and protection of documents outside the archives, which is in charge of monitoring the work of institutions where the documents are created. It takes over documents, evaluates them initially and gives them to the storeroom service. This service keeps a register of the holdings and makes them available to the interested public, takes care of the technical protection of documents (protection from humidity, fire, living organisms that destroy archival documents, from theft and deliberate damaging).
Before they reach the public, documents go through a service for the organization and processing of archival documents and their further destiny largely depends on the service's work. The key task of this service is to evaluate the documents, i.e. to determine their value for the culture and science of a society. This is a great responsibility, because whether the documents will be preserved for future generations or be discarded as worthless material depends on the assessment and primarily on the value of the contents of the documents.
The evaluated material is classified under specific rules, i.e. it is organized in such a way as to ensure that it is easy to inspect and made available to end users. Means of information are being made through which researchers can be informed about the type of documents kept in an archival fund and about the developments, events, people, territories and institutions that are mentioned in documents. This is also done by the service for the organization and processing of archival documents, after which the documents of the institution mentioned at the beginning of the story are returned to the safekeeping service, i.e. the storeroom, which makes them available to the public according to a predetermined procedure.
There would be no point in the described path of documents, from the place of origin to the hands of researchers if the public were not informed about the work of the archives. Competent services offer notifications about the contents of the archival funds, publish compilations of documents, organize exhibitions of the archival material, courses, lectures, etc.
Documents go a long way from their creators in the institution of origin to the reader in the archives and this trip can sometimes last several decades. In this period documents are frequently exposed to an unsuitable climate, kept in inappropriate rooms, they go through the hands of numerous people who are sometimes not careful enough. Paper, as an organic material, is affected by time even when it is kept under ideal circumstances. Many documents therefore suffer physical damages or are attacked by different parasites (bacterial, fungi or rodents). The service for the conservation and restoration of archival holdings takes care of the damaged and "ailing" documents.


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askOSSTF · What do I get for my union dues?
Quick Links Awards, Scholarships, Grants, and Bursaries Certification Common Threads Constitution, Bylaws, Policies Curricular Materials and Classroom Resources Health & Safety Pensions Anti-Harassment Policy Financial Handbook (PDF) Districts 01 - Ontario North East District 02 - Algoma District 03 - Rainbow District 04 - Near North District 05A - Northern Shield District 05B - Rainy River District 06A - Thunder Bay District 06B - Superior North District 07 - Bluewater District 08 - Avon Maitland District 09 - Greater Essex District 10 - Lambton Kent District 11 - Thames Valley District 12 - Toronto District 13 - Durham District 14 - Kawartha Pine Ridge District 15 - Trillium Lakelands District 16 - York Region District 17 - Simcoe District 18 - Upper Grand District 19 - Peel District 20 - Halton District 21 - Hamilton-Wentworth District 22 - Niagara District 23 - Grand Erie District 24 - Waterloo District 25 - Ottawa-Carleton District 26 - Upper Canada District 27 - Limestone District 28 - Renfrew District 29 - Hastings-Prince Edward District 30 - PSAT District 31 - Franco-Nord Ontarien District 32 - Centre-Sud-Ouest de l'Ontario District 33 - District de l'Est 34 - Independent Educational Programs 35 - Universities askOSSTF
Who do I contact?
How does OSSTF FEESO work?
What do I get for my union dues?
How can I get involved with OSSTF FEESO?
Can my employer do this to me?
The Ontario Secondary School Teacher's Federation (OSSTF) welcomes its new members whether they be teachers or educational workers and strives to provide them with the information needed to work safely and professionally. We also want to educate our new members as to their rights and responsibilities, both as members of OSSTF/FEESO and as employees.
OSSTF/FEESO, like every union, exists to protect and serve its membership — do not be afraid to ask questions or request assistance.
The five "Frequently Asked Questions" (FAQ) categories below will provide information about a wide variety of questions that new members often have about being part of a union in general or about OSSTF/FEESO in particular.
If you don't find what you are looking for in any of the sections below, please fill in and submit the "Send us a message" form on the Contact Us page and someone will get back to you with an answer as quickly as possible.
Inside askOSSTF
How much do I have to pay in union dues?
Active members comprise the bulk of our membership. They are members who are currently employed by school boards or other education employers and who pay active member fees to OSSTF/FEESO. These union dues are currently 1.3% of gross earnings (plus local levies where applicable) and are deducted automatically from your pay cheque. Because it is a percentage-based fee, OSSTF/FEESO union dues are geared to your income level. In addition, union dues are also tax deductable.
What are my rights and responsibilities as an OSSTF/FEESO member?
Bylaw 2.1.1.6 of the Provincial Constitution and Bylaws outlines the "Rights, Privileges and Duties of Active Members" of OSSTF/FEESO:
• "Active Members shall have the right to seek the advice of the OSSTF on any matter of professional relationship between the Member and a fellow Member, an employer, their professional college(s), the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities, a student, a parent or the public in general."
• "An Active Member shall have the automatic right to representation in a professional difficulty with an employer or other external agency; such representation may include provision of legal counsel subject to approval by the Provincial Executive."
In general, the responsibilities of OSSTF/FEESO members are outlined in our pledge:
"I solemnly dedicate myself to promote and advance the cause of education.
I will strive to achieve and maintain the highest degree of professional competence and will always uphold the honour, dignity, and ethical standards of my profession.
I pledge my loyalty and support to the Ontario Secondary School Teachers' Federation and will comply with the Constitution, Bylaws, Policies, and established practices which govern its members."
These responsibilities and duties are further described in specific Bylaws and Policies
• Bylaw 2.4.2 outlines the "Duties of Members to Other Members."
• Bylaw 2.4.3 outlines the "Duties of Members to OSSTF."
• Bylaw 2.4.4 outlines the "Duties of Members During Negotiations/Sanctions."
• Internal Policy 1 of the outlines the "Ethics" that OSSTF/FEESO members are expected to uphold.
Do I have to join the Union?
All teachers (as defined in the Teaching Profession Act) are required by law to belong to the Ontario Teachers' Federation as a condition of teaching in the publicly funded schools of Ontario. The OTF is made up of four unions: OSSTF/FEESO, ETFO, OECTA and AEFO. The specific union to which a teacher belongs is dictated by who hires him/her. All teachers in English-language public secondary schools automatically become members of OSSTF/FEESO. Similarly, all teachers in English-language public elementary schools belong to ETFO; all teachers in English-language Catholic secondary and elementary schools belong to OECTA; all teachers in French-language, public and Catholic, secondary and elementary schools belong to AEFO.
All other educational workers who are members of OSSTF/FEESO became members originally by choice, and subsequently, as a condition of employment as outlined in their collective agreement with their respective employers.
How would my job be different without the Union?
The School Zone video humourously explores the benefits and protection OSSTF/FEESO has gained for members through advocacy and collective bargaining. It highlights issues such as salary and benefits, retirement entitlements, working conditions, privatization, professional development and health and safety.
There is a great deal of discussion, primarily in the United States, about the move to privatize public education and to get rid of unions. The arguments presented consist of vague and unsupportable "myths" about unions; our response to those myths can be found in the document "Union Myth Information Debunked" which lists ten of the most common misconceptions people have about Educations Unions and provides a clear understanding of what OSSTF/FEESO, as a union, stands for and how it works for its members and champions the public education system.
What services does OSSTF/FEESO provide to members?
OSSTF/FEESO's Going Strong: The Right Choice For You is a short video that highlights the union's services and what it stands for. It provides an excellent overview of our Federation.
OSSTF/FEESO is a recognized trade union under the Labour Relations Act and as such, one of its primary roles is to negotiate and maintain collective agreements for its members. Separate collective agreements are negotiated between each of the 151 bargaining units and their employers and are unique to each bargaining unit.
The section called What We Stand For goes into a little more detail about our principles related to public education, equity and social justice. Our principles drive everything we do for our members and for society.
Public education is the key to Ontario's future. Our vision for publicly-funded education in this province, called Public Education – Investing in Ontario, has the goal of providing students with the ability and confidence to meet the new challenges of the 21st century.
OSSTF/FEESO's three main services – Protective Services; Educational Services; and Communications and Political Action – are described in the What We Do section of the website.
We also provide rich professional development workshops and a wide variety of resourcesto assist our members to become better informed about their work, their union, their rights and their protections.
An outstanding collection of books and resources authored and edited by educators have been produced by OSSTF/FEESO, and are available for purchase by both members and non-members. Click on the individual book/resource titles below for further information and for an order form. (In addition to the resources on this page, a wide variety of other resources, available free of charge, can be found in the Resource Centre.) The Federation Store has clothing and other gear and gifts that can be purchased.
Where do I find information about contract negotiations?
The members-only section is available to active OSSTF/FEESO members only. User accounts are created by Provincial Office staff. Your OSSTF/FEESO Membership ID can be found on your OSSTF/FEESO Membership Card and contains digits only. Your password is included with the annual renewal stickers that arrive in member mailboxes within the first two weeks of December. If you are a new member and have not received a letter containing the necessary details, please contact the Membership Database department at Provincial Office to confirm your eligibility to access this site.
This section of the website will directly provide you with more sensitive information that is not meant for the general public and that you can review at your convenience. If you have any questions about the information posted here, you should first contact your local Bargaining Unit President for clarification.
What other benefits are there to being an OSSTF/FEESO member?
As an OSSTF/FEESO member, you have ready access to a wide range of services. They span the professional and protective needs of all members. In addition, there are a number of other services and products that members may choose to access.
Educators Financial Group has exclusively served members of the education community and their immediate family members for over 30 years with services such as:
• Planning – free professional financial planning and independent advice
• Investing – solid investment strategies, focused on performance, including RRSPs and RESPs
• Lending – low mortgage rates, and flexible options for educators
Educators Financial Group, established in 1975 by OSSTF/FEESO, is committed to serving only active and retired members of the education community (and their immediate family members). They are the only company in Canada which offers this exclusive service.
Ontario Teachers' Insurance Plan (OTIP/RAEO) provides insurance and group benefit services for education employees and retirees. Personal insurance products include, auto, home, property, travel, life, and recreational vehicle insurance. Group benefits plans can include: long term disability, life, dependent life, extended health care, dental care.
OTIP/RAEO is a non-profit organization owned and jointly governed by a Board of Trustees representing Ontario's four education affiliates (AEFO, ETFO, OECTA and OSSTF/FEESO).
In addition, each year, OTIP awards twelve $1,500 academic bursaries to six female and six male students across Ontario. Through an online application, members insured with OTIP can enter one of their relatives (e.g. child, step-child, grandchild, niece, sister, spouse etc.) for a chance to win one of the bursaries.
Edvantage offers great rewards and discounts to education employees and their families through partnerships with retailers and businesses throughout Ontario. OTIP/RAEO administers Edvantage on behalf of your teachers' association. Through continued support from our partners, Edvantage is able to offer great discounts, special offers and contests to you, our valued members. Your OSSTF/FEESO membership card serves a dual purpose as your association card and your Edvantage membership card.
Teachers Life offers life insurance to the education community. This insurance company started as a compassionate group of secondary school educators, who believed in the advantages of helping each other. Still true to their roots, 75 years later, Teachers Life has grown into one of the most innovative, respected and successful not-for-profit insurance organizations in Canada.
Where can I find pension information?
OSSTF/FEESO represents members who are contributors to the Ontario Municipal Employees' Retirement System (OMERS), the Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan (OTPP) and university pension plans for support staff from Algoma, Brock, Laurier and the University of Ottawa. Visit our Pensions page for links to the various pension plans.
OSSTF/FEESO employs a Pensions Officer and additional support personnel to provide advice and assistance to members regarding their pensions.
The Federation's OMERS and TPP workshops focus specifically on pension planning and retirement. Whether members are 15 years from retirement or six months away, they'll discover common sense financial strategies and retirement planning ideas.
The workshops are approximately 2½ hours long and provide opportunities for members to ask questions during the presentation or to speak privately with the Pensions Officer and/or presenter. The schedule of workshops, by district, is posted on the website at the beginning of the school year.
Where can I find information about getting an OSSTF/FEESO Certification Rating Statement? (Note: relevant to Teachers and Occasional Teachers only)
OSSTF/FEESO has an internal system for providing Certification Rating Statements to its teacher members. These ratings are used to determine the pay rate for teachers by placing them in one of four possible groups. The Certification section of the provincial website contains information about how certification is done, how to apply, how to get upgrading information and also has its own FAQ section.
What social media does OSSTF/FEESO use to communicate with members?
OSSTF/FEESO has established a presence in social media. We encourage you to explore the various videos available on the OSSTF/FEESO YouTube channel. (Be sure to watch "The School Zone" in particular!) We have also created an OSSTF/FEESO Facebook page; if you have a Facebook account, check us out and feel free to "Like" us. Follow us on Twitter.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


When it comes to removing my makeup, the Ponds Cold Cream is still my all-time favourite. Make me choose between that and say, the Dermalogica Pre-cleanse (which I like too and is currently my favourite cleansing oil), I'll still choose Ponds. It's old school, I know. But it does the job of taking off my makeup even the waterproof ones, and it feels like I'm giving myself a mini-facial whenever I use it.
When I don't have much time to double-cleanse, or if I am on the go and I don't have water for rinsing, I use makeup wipes. I've tried a lot and I have a few favourites (Purederm, Neutrogena and Johnsons). I've also tried Bioderma in the past and I love how it looks and feel like water, and yet, does an amazing job in taking all my makeup off…yes, even the waterproof stuff. And the most amazing part is, there's no need to rinse with water! There's also Bifesta, but I never got to try that so I won't be able to say anything about it…for now. (laughs) I am sure there are other brands out there which offer the same water-like formulation of makeup removers, which they call Micellar Water. And to have options is good. Now it's just up to the buyers to choose, depending on their needs and of course, budget.
When it was launched, there was a very limited stock available so I made sure I got myself one. I went all the way to Plains and Prints in Glorietta and luckily, I was able to get their last one!
So what exactly makes this Micellar Water so special?
Aside from the Micelle molecules, it also has special skincare ingredients like Japanese Tea Extract and Lotus Seed Extract. This makeup remover doesn't just clean your face, it also makes the skin healthier and happier…thus, making it more beautiful.
The Make a Clean Sweep makeup remover is packaged in a refreshingly light packaging that comes with a pump. It also has a pump stopper so you don't need to worry about pressing the pump by accident when you bring it along when you travel.
For my eye makeup, I always use waterproof eyeliner and mascara.
I use a different cotton pad for each eye, with two pumps each of the makeup remover.
I place the soaked cotton pad on my eye for 15-20 seconds to loosen the makeup then gently swipe it downwards.
My eye makeup won't be removed in one go so I go back, and gently wipe off the remaining makeup on my eye area.
Then I get another cotton pad with another two pumps of the solution and massage it all over my face to remove the rest of my makeup. When I'm wearing MAC or some of my other long-wearing foundations, I go over my entire face twice, with a different cotton each time.
It feels refreshing on the skin.
No tight feeling, no itchiness and no allergic reactions after using it.
It comes with a pump, making it more hygienic.
It's a makeup remover and skincare in one.
My face looks brighter after using it. And it feels softer too!
I use a lot of product, so my 100ml bottle won't last very long. If used everyday, I think this will only last me a month or less thus making it more expensive in the long run.
Tastes bitter. No, I didn't drink it but I used it to remove my lipstick and well, I licked my lips so there. Hehehe.
I asked Mom to buy me two bottles more. At its price, I am yet to find a better alternative for it. I prefer this over Bioderma and there's no Bifesta here either so I'm sticking to it for now. But I won't be using this everyday. Just on days when I feel lazy and my skin needs a bit more TLC.
Please blog about your skincare!! Your skin looks so much better now omg!


HQ's expansion beyond trivia emerges from beta tonight, but the question is whether it's different and accessible enough to revive the startup's growth. HQ Words opens to everyone with today's 6:30pm pacific broadcast within the HQ Trivia app after several weeks of closed beta testing of the Wheel Of Fortune-style game. The launch will be the first big move of Rus Yusupov now that's been officially renamed CEO a week after the tragic death of fellow co-founder and former CEO Colin Kroll, HQ confirms to TechCrunch.
Kroll's passing comes at a tough time for HQ. Its daily player count has declined since it became a phenomenon a year ago. The novelty has begun to wear off, and with so many experienced trivia whizzes, cash jackpots are often split between enough people that winners only get a few bucks. Interrupting your days or nights to play at a particular time can be inconvenient compared to the legions of always-available other games. Yusupov, who was HQ's CEO until Kroll took over in September, will have to figure out what will attract casual crosswords players and those who flocked to Zynga's Words With Friends — the kind of disruptive thinking Kroll excelled at.
In HQ Words, players compete live to solve word puzzles by correctly choosing what letters are hidden. You can find the game inside the existing HQ Trivia iOS and Android apps. Host Anna Roisman pluckily provides a clue and then dispenses hints as the 25-second timer for each puzzle counts down. If the clue is "gemstone" and you're shown "_ _ _ m _ _ _", you'll have to tap D, I, A, O, and N in any order. Choose three wrong letters or fail to fill out the words and you lose. You'll spin a wheel before the game starts to get one letter that's automatically revealed each round.
Make it through ten rounds and you and other winners get a cut of the cash prize, with the three who solved the puzzles fastest scoring a bigger chunk of the jackpot. The startup earns money through selling you extra lives inside Words, though it will probably feature sponsored games and product placement like Trivia does to pull in marketing dollars. Words will go live daily at 6:30pm pacific after Trivia's 6:00 game, so you can turn it into HQ hour with family and friends.
HQ Words is much more frenetic than Trivia. Rather than picking a single answer, you have to rapidly tap letters through a combination of educated and uneducated guesses. That means it really does feel more interactive since you're not sitting for minutes with just a sole answer tap to keep you awake. And because it doesn't require deep and broad trivia knowledge, Words could appeal to a wider audience. The spinner also adds an element of pure luck, as a weaker player who gets to auto-reveal a vowel might fare better than a wiser player who gets stuck with a "Z" like I always seem to.
The concern is that at its core, Words is still quite similar to Trivia. They're both real-time, elimination round-based knowledge games played against everyone for money. Both at times feel like they use cheap tricks to eliminate you. A recent Words puzzle asked you to name a noisy instrument, but the answer wasn't "kazoo" but "buzzing kazoo" — something I'm not sure anyone has ever formally called it. Given the faster pace of interaction, even tiny glitches or moments of lag can be enough to make you lose a round. An HQ Words beta game earlier this week failed to show some users the keyboard, causing mass elimination. The pressure to get HQ's engineering working flawlessly has never been higher.
HQ originally agreed to let TechCrunch interview Kroll about what makes Words different enough to change the startup's momentum. Yusupov was supposed to fill in after Kroll was sadly found dead last Friday of an apparent drug overdose. He later declined to talk or provide written responses. That's understandable during this time of mourning and transition. But HQ will still need to build an answer into its app. Meanwhile, Chinese clones and US competitors have begun co-opting the live video quiz idea. Facebook has even built a game show platform for content makers to create their own.
HQ could benefit from a better onboarding experience that lets people play a sample game solo to get them hooked and tide them over until the next scheduled broadcast. Mini-games or ways to play along after you're eliminated could boost total view time and the value of brand sponsorships. A "quiet mode" that silences the between-round chatter and distills HQ to just the questions and puzzles might make it easier to play while multi-tasking. Head-to-head versions of Trivia and Words might help HQ feel more intimate, and there's an opportunity to integrate peer-to-peer gambling like ProveIt trivia. And branching out beyond knowledge games into more social or arcade-style titles would counter the idea that HQ is just for brainiacs.
Around the height of HQ's popularity it raised a $15 million funding round at a $100 million valuation. That seems justified given HQ will reportedly earn around $10 million in revenue this year. Gamers are fickle, though, and today's Fortnite can wind up tomorrow's Pokemon Go — a flash in the pan that fizzles out. Words is a great bridge to a world outside of Trivia, but HQ must evolve not just iterate.


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MASSACHUSETTS HIGH COURT RULES IN FAVOR OF NEEDLE DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMS
Unanimous decision can boost state's efforts to combat the opioid epidemic and reduce spread of HIV and Hepatitis C
In a decision with critical implications for the state's efforts to combat the opioid epidemic and reduce transmission of HIV and Hepatitis C, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court today ruled unanimously that needle access programs such as those run by HIV service programs, community health initiatives or other social service agencies are legal without restriction under state law.
The decision in AIDS Support Group of Cape Cod v. Town of Barnstable affirms that any organization or individual may distribute hypodermic needles and syringes throughout the Commonwealth, and that such programs are not limited to those operated by the Department of Public Health.
The case concerned a needle distribution program run by AIDS Support Group of Cape Cod (ASGCC) that was shut down by Barnstable town officials. The Court affirmed a trial court ruling that ASGCC's Hyannis-based program operates legally and may continue to distribute needles to people who inject drugs. Access to sterile needles is the key strategy to prevent the transmission of HIV and Hepatitis C among people who inject drugs. ASGCC and programs like it also provide clients with free Narcan, which reverses fatal drug overdoses.
The Department of Public Health recently reported that opioids were the confirmed cause of 1,465 deaths and suspected in another 514 deaths in 2016.
"This decision will mean the difference between life and death for people struggling with addiction," said GLAD's AIDS Law Project Director Ben Klein, who argued the case before the SJC on behalf of ASGCC. "Barnstable put their image as a tourist town above protecting people's lives. The Court saw through that. It is unconscionable to block an effective public health service simply because some in the town may find it unsavory. I'm gratified that the SJC affirmed that needle distribution is both legal and life-saving."
"We needed an unambiguous statement from our highest court that these programs are legal and we got that today," said Andrew Musgrave, Director of Legal Services for AIDS Action Committee, which joined GLAD as co-counsel. "Going forward, officials in every city and town in this state must understand that the law supports the most effective methods we have today to prevent the spread of HIV and Hepatitis C among injection drug users."
"The opioid epidemic is one of the worst public health crises we've seen since the AIDS epidemic. Today's decision that our program is lawful will go a long way to save lives," said Joe Carleo, CEO of the AIDS Support Group of Cape Cod. "We work hard to build relationships with drug users to keep them alive and safe from HIV and Hepatitis C by getting them tested, providing needed services and guiding our clients into treatment when they are ready. We will continue working hard with law enforcement and community stakeholders across Cape Cod to put an end to our deadly opioid epidemic."
ASGCC is at the forefront fighting the opioid epidemic. ASGCC's harm reduction programs work to decrease the risk of acquiring or transmitting communicable infections such as HIV, viral hepatitis and other sexually transmitted infections. A major focus of this work is among the agency's 450 clients who inject drugs as well as their sexual partners and drug using partners. ASGCC's highly qualified staff uses a set of harm reduction strategies aimed at reducing the negative consequences of substance abuse, including disease transmission and overdose, while encouraging and facilitating entry into substance abuse treatment.
The case originated in September 2015 when Barnstable issued a cease-and-desist order to ASGCC, demanding that it shut down the program. After a two-day evidentiary hearing in Barnstable Superior Court, the trial judge issued a strong ruling in favor of ASGCC and ordered the program immediately reopened.
An amicus brief authored by Mintz Levin on behalf of medical and public health organizations including Partners Healthcare, UMass Memorial Healthcare, the Massachusetts Infectious Disease Society, and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts demonstrated the scientific and public health consensus that clean needles save lives.
In addition to Ben Klein of GLAD, ASGCC is represented by Andrew Musgrave of AIDS Action Committee.
Click here for a Frequently Asked Questions sheet about this case and the SJC decision.
The AIDS Support Group of Cape Cod, one of the first AIDS organizations established in the United States, works to foster health, independence and dignity for people living with HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis by providing care, support and housing. We work to help reduce the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections through prevention, education and testing services. Our services span all of Cape Cod and the Islands.
AIDS Action Committee of Massachusetts is the state's leading provider of prevention and wellness services for people living with and at risk of HIV/AIDS. AIDS Action works to stop the epidemic by eliminating new infections; maximizing healthier outcomes of those infected and at risk; and tackling the root causes of HIV/AIDS. Founded in 1983, AIDS Action is New England's oldest and largest AIDS service organization, advocating for the needs of people living with HIV/AIDS by educating the public and health professionals about HIV prevention and care; and promoting fair and effective HIV/AIDS policy at the city, state, and federal levels. In 2013, AIDS Action Committee of Massachusetts entered into a strategic partnership with Fenway Health, allowing both organizations to improve delivery of care and services across the state and beyond.


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Golden Gate Bridge: Officials take action over 'screeching' noise after repair work
The noise is thought to occur when the wind speed is high enough and blowing in a certain direction across the bridge.
Chris Robertson
News reporter @ChrisSkyNews
Thursday 2 July 2020 12:48, UK
Image: The Golden Gate Bridge has been undergoing repairs
Golden Gate Bridge officials have promised to take action after upgrades to the structure meant it began emitting a loud humming noise audible across San Francisco.
Repairs to the railings on the iconic California bridge were supposedly meant to let off a low-level noise as wind blew through them, but residents across the city have instead compared it to "screeching" and "torture".
The "hum" can be heard on videos of the bridge from last month on social media, with one user saying the noise was "trippy", adding: "It hurts the ears and [it is] unbearable it's that loud."
Paolo Cosulich-Schwartz, from the Golden Gate Bridge District, earlier told local media that they knew the bridge would "begin to hum" when wind passed through it after its refit, adding: "The new musical tones coming from the bridge are a known and inevitable phenomenon that stems from our wind retrofit project during very high winds."
Anthony J.:
"Engineers designed new sides for the sidewalk to help with wind resistance but didn't take into account the EXTREME sound it creates when wind passes through it. The bridge sings crazy songs now it's so trippy. It hurts the ears and unbearable it's that loud." pic.twitter.com/GWdVia1GNS
— Mark Krueger (@markkrueg) June 6, 2020
However, the bridge's chief engineer, Ewa Bauer-Furbush, rowed back on those comments, telling a board meeting last week "we had no idea that this would happen".
"Dozens" of complaints about the noise have been received by the commissioner of the Golden Gate Bridge District, who has announced that an investigation into how to muffle the noise is under way.
Officials from the district are speaking to consultants to discuss ways in which the noise can be made less intrusive, while collecting firm data on how and when it occurs.
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It is thought that the new noise is only emitted when the wind speed is high enough and blowing in a specific direction.
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Primitivo, zinfandel, tribidrag, crljenak kaštelanski, kratošija – czerwony szczep winorośli właściwej, pochodzący z Chorwacji. Dopiero badania DNA pozwoliły ustalić, że wszystkie pięć nazw dotyczy tego samego szczepu. Nazwa zinfandel jest używana przede wszystkim w Stanach Zjednoczonych, natomiast chorwackie nazwy crljenak kaštelanski i tribidrag w ojczyźnie odmiany, choć np. Jancis Robinson próbuje spopularyzować najstarszą z nich, czyli tribidrag. Primitivo jest tradycyjnie uprawiane od XVIII wieku w Apulii ("obcas" Włoch). W połowie XIX wieku trafiło do Stanów Zjednoczonych i stało się tam znane pod nazwą 'Zinfandel' i jej wariantami. Odmiana jest uprawiana na ponad 10% winnic kalifornijskich. Nazwa primitivo jest traktowana przez Instytut Hodowli Winorośli Geilweilerhof jako podstawowa.

Z winogron primitivo powstaje krzepkie czerwone wino, choć w przypadku Stanów Zjednoczonych prym wiedzie produkowane z niej półsłodkie wino różowe White Zinfandel, którego sprzedaż jest sześciokrotnie wyższa od czerwonego wariantu. Wysoka zawartość cukrów w gronach pozwala osiągnąć w trakcie fermentacji poziom alkoholu przekraczający 15%.

Smak czerwonego wina z primitivo zależy od dojrzałości użytych winogron. Jeśli odmiana jest sadzona w chłodniejszym klimacie, przeważają aromaty czerwonych owoców, np. malin. Cieplejszy klimat sprzyja nutom jagód, anyżu i pieprzu, co można osiągnąć również przy niższych temperaturach, jeśli uprawia się wcześniej dojrzewający włoski klon.

Historia

Europa (6000 p.n.e. – 1870)
Znaleziska archeologiczne świadczą o uprawie winorośli właściwej (Vitis vinifera) w regionie Kaukazu około 6000 p.n.e. i niewiele późniejszym wykorzystywaniu procesu winifikacji. Uprawy tego gatunku rozprzestrzeniły się zwłaszcza w basenie Morza Śródziemnego. W Chorwacji istniało kilka rodzimych szczepów spokrewnionych z primitivo, na których opierał się przemysł winiarski w XIX wieku. Ich zróżnicowanie pozwala przypuszczać, że odmiana rosła w Chorwacji dłużej niż gdziekolwiek indziej. Klęska filoksery pod koniec XIX wieku niemal całkowicie zniszczyła krzewy tych szczepów. W 2001 odkryto dziewięć krzewów znanych jako crljenak kaštelanski, identycznych genetycznie z primitivo i zinfandelem.

Po badaniach uważa się, że primitivo zostało sprowadzone do włoskiej Apulii w XVIII wieku jako samodzielny klon. Don Francesco Filippo Indellicati, proboszcz parafii w Gioia del Colle w pobliżu Bari wyselekcjonował w 1799 wcześnie dojrzewający (primo) krzew odmiany zagarese i nasadził winorośl w Liponti. Nadał on mu nazwę primativo, od łacińskiego primativus (najwcześniej dojrzewający). Klon dojrzewał już pod koniec sierpnia i na początku XIX wieku zyskał popularność w całej północnej Apulii. Po raz pierwszy nazwa primitivo pojawiła się we włoskich dokumentach urzędowych w latach 70. XIX wieku. Sadzonki trafiły pod koniec XIX wieku do Mandurii (od której nazwę wzięła apelacja DOC Primitivo di Manduria), kiedy hrabina Sabini z Altamury poślubiła Tommaso Schiavoni-Tafuriego z Mandurii i wniosła je w posagu.

Wschodnie wybrzeże Stanów Zjednoczonych (1829–1850)
Sadzonki primitivo, które dotarły do Stanów Zjednoczonych, pochodziły prawdopodobnie z cesarskiej szkółki w Wiedniu. Monarchia Habsburgów gromadziła w wiedeńskiej szkółce okazy z całego terenu imperium, w tym m.in. z Chorwacji i Dalmacji, która została przyłączona w 1797. George Gibbs, ogrodnik na Long Island, otrzymywał dostawy winorośli m.in. z pałacu Schönbrunn i Europy w latach 1820-1829. Według Sullivana Black Zinfardel of Hungary, wzmiankowany przez Williama Roberta Prince'a w Traktacie o winorośli (A Treatise on the Vine) z 1830 może odnosić się do jednej z odmian otrzymanych przez Gibbsa do 1829. Słownik Webstera sugeruje, że nazwa wywodzi się od węgierskiego tzinifándli (czirifandli), dla którego źródłem jest z kolei niemieckie zierfandler, synonim jasnej odmiany winorośli sylvaner z austriackiego regionu winiarskiego Thermenregion.

Gibbs był w Bostonie w 1830, a wkrótce potem tamtejszy handlarz, Samuel Perkins rozpoczął sprzedaż Zenfendala. W 1830 dostarczył Prince'owi sadzonki podobnej odmiany 'Black St. Peters', która mogła pochodzić z Wielkiej Brytanii, gdzie wiele szczepów ma w nazwie St. Peters. Informacje o tych sadzonkach są skąpe, poza tym, że krzewy 'Black St. Peters', które sadzono w Kalifornii w latach 50. XIX wieku były identyczne z tymi, które dotarły tam jako 'Zinfandel' do lat 70. XIX wieku.

Aż do 1835 Charles M. Hovey, czołowy szkółkarz w Bostonie polecał szczep 'Zinfindal' do uprawy na winogrona deserowe. Odmiana była chętnie uprawiana w ogrzewanych szklarniach, a dojrzewała w nich już w czerwcu. Pierwsza wzmianka o produkcji wina z winogron Zinfindal pochodzi z książki Johna Fiska Allena Practical Treatise in the Culture and Treatment of the Grape Vine z 1847. Wkrótce potem pojawiła się odmiana concord i inne, które można było uprawiać w okolicach Bostonu bez osłon.

Kalifornia (1850–1933)
Kalifornijska gorączka złota w latach 50. XIX wieku objęła też szkółkarzy, wśród nich Prince'a i Fredericka W. Macondraya, którzy zabrali sadzonki 'Zinfandela'. Prince zanotował, że grona świetnie schną na rodzynki i że przypuszcza, że jego krzewy i 'Black Sonora', na którą natrafił w Kalifornii, są takie same. Kiedy do Kalifornii nadeszły sadzonki 'Black St. Peters', z początku były uważane za osobny szczep, ale do lat 70. XIX wieku zauważono, że nie różnią się niczym od zinfandela.

Pierwszym winiarzem, który wyprodukował kalifornijskie wino z zinfandela, był zapewne Joseph W. Osborne. Zasadził krzewy w swojej winnicy Oak Knoll na północ od Napa, a jego wino z 1857 zyskało uznanie. Areał obsadzony szczepem rósł szybko i pod koniec XIX wieku odmiana była już najpopularniejszą w Kalifornii. Najstarsze zachowane krzewy rosnące w Old Hill datuje się na około 1880 rok.

Z zachowanych starych krzewów produkuje się wina czerwone wyższej klasy, ale większość z nich została wykarczowana w latach 20. XX wieku, w okresie prohibicji (1920–1933). Przyczyny karczowania nie były jednak oczywiste, bowiem nawet podczas prohibicji domowy wyrób win był w praktyce dozwolony i niektóre winnice zajęły się sprzedażą winogron na wino klientom indywidualnym. Zinfandel był popularny wśród winiarzy amatorów mieszkających w pobliżu winnic, jednak podatność odmiany na pleśnienie podczas dłuższego transportu utrudniała sprzedaż na Wschodnie Wybrzeże. Zinfandela wypierał szczep alicante bouschet i inne odmiany o grubszych skórkach, które lepiej znosiły podróż. W 1931 wysłano na wschód dwa razy mniej zinfandela niż alicante bouschet.

Ponowne odkrycie po prohibicji (od 1933)
Na przełomie lat 20. i 30. przemysł winiarski doświadczył Wielkiego Kryzysu i prohibicji. Wiele spośród winnic, które przetrwały dzięki produkcji samych winogron, znajdowało się w Dolinie Kalifornijskiej, której warunki naturalne nie sprzyjały uzyskaniu wysokiej jakości zinfandela. Okres prohibicji pozostawił po sobie niedostatek winogron dobrej jakości, a zinfandel popadł w niełaskę jako surowiec do produkcji win wzmacnianych. Istnieli jednak winiarze, którzy produkowali jednoodmianowe wina czerwone.

W połowie XX wieku zinfandel, niegdyś wyjątkowo popularna w Kalifornii odmiana, był zapomniany. W 1972 H.W. Yoxall, brytyjski pisarz specjalizujący się w tematyce winiarskiej napisał: "Jest w Kalifornii zachwycająca odmiana, zinfandel, która jakoby pochodzi z Węgier, ale tam jest obecnie nieznana".  W 1974 amerykańscy autorzy określali zinfandela jako "produkt charakterystyczny dla Kalifornii, nieuprawiany nigdzie indziej" i "czerwony szczep charakterystyczny dla Kalifornii".

W 1972 Bob Trinchero z wytwórni Sutter Home zdecydował się odlać część moszczu z kadzi (tzw. saignée), by zwiększyć koncentrację tanin i koloru w winie produkowanym pod marką Deaver Vineyard Zinfandel. Odlany moszcz winifikował na wytrawne wino i chciał je wypuścić na rynek pod nazwą Oeil de Perdrix, znaną ze szwajcarskiego wina produkowanego tą samą metodą. Amerykańskie Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, sprawujące m.in. nadzór nad produkcją alkoholu zażądało uzupełnienia nazwy o angielskie tłumaczenie i Trinchero dodał do nazwy "White Zinfandel". Wyprodukował wówczas 220 skrzynek. W tamtym okresie popyt na białe wina przekraczał podaż winogron o jasnej skórce, przez co wielu kalifornijskich winiarzy ulegało pokusie produkcji "białych" win z odmian o ciemnej skórce poprzez ograniczenie kontaktu soku ze skórką do minimum. Podczas winifikacji rocznika 1975 pojawiły się komplikacje – drożdże wymarły, zanim cały cukier uległ fermentacji. Po dwóch tygodniach i degustacji Trinchero zdecydował się sprzedać tak powstałe różowe, słodkawe wino. Lekka słodycz White Zinfandela stała się sukcesem na miarę wina Mateus Rosé po II wojnie światowej. Przez większość lat 80. i 90. XX wieku zinfandel był najpopularniejszym winem odmianowym w Stanach Zjednoczonych. W 2006 White Zinfandel był co dziesiątym (9,9%) winem sprzedawanym w Stanach Zjednoczonych (według wartości: 6,3%), sprzedano go sześciokrotnie więcej niż czerwonego wariantu. Większość White Zinfandela pochodzi z winnic w Dolinie Kalifornijskiej (Central Valley), produkujących wyłącznie to wino.

Krytycy winni w latach 70. i 80. XX wieku opisywali White Zinfandel jako cukierkowy, bez wyrazu i nie wart zainteresowania, choć później tłoczone wina stały się bardziej owocowe, a ich słodycz jest mniej landrynkowa.

Związek ze szczepami primitivo, crljenak kaštelanski i tribidrag

Przez długi czas zinfandela uważano za "amerykańską winorośl i wino" (America's vine and wine). Kiedy Austin Goheen, patolog roślinny z University of California, Davis (UCD) przebywał we Włoszech w 1967 zauważył, że wino tłoczone z primitivo bardzo przypomina mu zinfandela. Również inni badacze w tamtym okresie zauważyli podobieństwo. W 1968 primitivo sprowadzono do Kalifornii i w 1972 ampelografowie uznali odmianę za identyczną z zinfandelem. W 1975 z winogron ze sprowadzonych krzewów zrobiono pierwsze wino, które sprawiało wrażenie zinfandela. W 1975 doktorant Wade Wolfe wykazał, że oba szczepy mają identyczną konfigurację charakterystycznych izoenzymów.

W 1976 dr Lamberti z Bari poinformował Goheena, że primitivo może być chorwacką odmianą plavac mali. Goheen w trakcie badań z użyciem analizy charakterystycznych izoenzymów doszedł do wniosku, że są one podobne, ale nie identyczne. Różnice między wspomnianymi odmianami kwestionowali niektórzy Chorwaci, wśród nich kalifornijski winiarz Mike Grgich. W 1991 Grgich i inni winiarze założyli stowarzyszenie Zinfandel Advocates and Producers (ZAP), które zajmowało się promocją odmiany i produkowanego z niej wina oraz wspieraniem badań naukowych. Dzięki wsparciu ZAP Carole Meredith z University of California, Davis odbyła podróż do Chorwacji, podczas której we współpracy z uniwersytetem w Zagrzebiu zebrała 148 próbek odmiany plavac mali z całej Dalmacji.

W 1993 Carole Meredith i John Bowers za pomocą badań DNA pokazali, że primitivo i zinfandel są klonami tej samej odmiany. Porównawcze badania uprawne wskazały, że "Klony primitivo z reguły okazują się lepsze od zinfandela: owoce dojrzewają wcześniej, plony są zbliżone albo wyższe, a odporność na szarą pleśń bywa wyższa". Wnioski są zgodne z teorią, że primitivo było wcześnie dojrzewającym klonem chorwackiej winorośli.

W 1998 grupa badawcza Meredith doszła do wniosku, że plavac mali nie jest tym samym, co zinfandel, ale ich podobieństwo wynika z genetycznej relacji rodzic-potomek (jedna z odmian powstała ze skrzyżowania drugiej z inną). W 2000 okazało się, że plavac mali jest krzyżówką primitivo/zinfandela z inną, nieustaloną jeszcze wówczas odmianą. Odmianę tę odkryli później Ivan Pejić i Edi Maletić z Uniwersytetu w Zagrzebiu: okazała się nią odmiana dobričić, stary szczep z leżącej na Morzu Adriatyckim wyspy Šolta.

To odkrycie pozwoliło na ograniczenie poszukiwań primitivo w Chorwacji do centralnej Dalmacji i położonych w tym pasie wysp. Wśród zebranych próbek znaleziono krzew o zgodnym DNA. Próbka była pobrana w 2001 z należącej do Ivicy Radunića winnicy w Kaštel Novi. Crljenak kaštelanski ("czerwony z Kašteli") jest reprezentantem primitivo/zinfandela w naturalnym środowisku, choć od czasu wysłania sadzonek do Włoch i USA pojawiły się pewne różnice genetyczne. Po stwierdzeniu, że wszystkie te określenia dotyczą tego samego szczepu, Meredith określa odmianę skrótem ZPC – Zinfandel/Primitivo/Crljenak Kaštelanski.

Winnica na wyspie liczyła tylko 9 krzewów crljenaka kaštelanskiego wśród tysięcy innych. W 2002 odkryto kolejne, uprawiane w nadbrzeżnym miasteczku Omiš pod nazwą pribidrag. Obydwa klony są hodowane w Kalifornii w szkółce Ridge Vineyards, przy czym infekcje wirusowe opóźniły ich rozpowszechnienie. Pierwsze chorwackie wino odmianowe z ZPC zostało wyprodukowane przez Ediego Maleticia w 2005. W Kalifornii popularność klonu primitivo wzrosła, jednak wydaje się tam rosnąć mniej bujnie niż zinfandel. Produkowane z tego klonu wina mają podobno bardziej wyraziste aromaty przypraw korzennych.

Na potrzeby wydanej w 2012 książki Wine Grapes Jancis Robinson, Julia Harding i specjalizujący się w winorośli genetyk José Vouillamoz przeprowadzili dalsze badania korzeni zinfandela. Badania, w tym DNA dowiodły, że zinfandel jest chorwackim szczepem znanym w okolicach Splitu jako tribidrag już w XV wieku, a kluczowego dowodu dostarczył 90-letni krzew uprawiany w ogrodzie starszej pani w Splicie. Według chorwackiego językoznawcy, Valentina Putaneca, słowo tribidrag(a) pochodzi z greckiego πρωι καρποζ (wcześnie dojrzewający), co odpowiada etymologii primitivo.

W późniejszych badaniach tribidraga oznaczono jako rodzica odmian plavina, grk, vranac i crljenak crni. W 2008 potwierdzono, że tribidrag jest identyczny z czarnogórską odmianą kratošija, co przypuszczano już w połowie XX wieku.

Kwestie prawne
Regulacje prawne dotyczące etykiet nie nadążają za badaniami DNA, częściowo ze względów marketingowych. Unia Europejska uznała w styczniu 1999 zinfandela za synonim primitivo, co oznacza, że pochodzące z Włoch wina primitivo mogą być etykietowane jako zinfandel w Stanach Zjednoczonych i innych krajach, które akceptują w tym zakresie prawo unijne. Włoscy winiarze skwapliwie skorzystali z tych przepisów i eksportują swoje wyroby za ocean jako zinfandel z akceptacją Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB).

Inne przepisy obowiązują winiarzy amerykańskich. Według stanu na styczeń 2014 zarówno zinfandel jak i primitivo są dopuszczone w Stanach Zjednoczonych przez TTB do produkcji win, ale nadal nie są oznaczone jako synonimy. Oznacza to, że amerykańscy winiarze muszą oznaczać swoje wina jako zinfandel albo primitivo w zależności od klonu, który uprawiają. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) wniosło w 2002 o uznanie obu nazw za synonimy, ale wskutek nacisków wniosek RIN 1513–AA32 został w 2008 wycofany.

Uprawa i produkcja wina

Krzewy rosną dość bujnie i najbardziej lubią gorący klimat, choć nie nadmiernie, gdyż upał może spowodować obsychanie gron. Grona są duże i zwarte, a skórka jagód cienka. Szczep lubi przepuszczalne gleby. Odmiana jest dość podatna na szarą pleśń, przy czym wrażliwszy jest klon zinfandel. Owoce dojrzewają stosunkowo wcześnie i mają wysoki poziom cukrów. W sprzyjających warunkach atmosferycznych można pozwolić winogronom na przejrzenie, by uzyskać deserowe wino z opóźnionego zbioru (fr. vendanges tardives, niem. Spätlese). Zaletą primitivo jest oddawanie terroir i możliwość nadania mu własnego stylu przez winiarzy.

Charakterystyczne dla odmiany jest nierówne dojrzewanie poszczególnych jagód w gronie: w gronie mogą być jednocześnie wysuszone na rodzynki, przejrzałe i zielone, niedojrzałe jagody. Niektórzy winiarze winifikują wszystkie jagody jednocześnie, inni decydują się na ręczny zbiór wybranych gron albo nawet jagód przez kilka tygodni. Proces ten jest jednym ze składników wysokiej ceny niektórych zinfandeli

Czerwonym winom produkowanym ze szczepu zarzuca się zbyt wysoki poziom alkoholu, choć nowoczesne technologie winiarskie pozwoliły na ograniczenie tego problemu. Niektórzy producenci, jak np. Joel Peterson rezygnują z nich, gdyż uważają, że odwrócona osmoza i inne techniki usuwania alkoholu pozbawiają napój również innych charakterystycznych cech. Peterson twierdzi, że jeśli tylko garbniki i inne właściwości danego wina dobrze komponują się z 15% alkoholu, to należy pozostawić wino takie, jakie jest z natury.

Smak wina zależy m.in. od momentu zbioru owoców, długości fermentacji i maceracji oraz od ewentualnego starzenia w beczkach. Zawartość cukru w gronach w okresie zbioru (mierzona skalą Ballinga albo Brixa) ma również istotny wpływ na aromat. Winogrona na White Zinfandela są zbierane przy 20° dojrzałości, kiedy cechy charakterystyczne dla odmiany są jeszcze słabo wykształcone, choć zdarzają się nuty tytoniu i skórki jabłka. Przy 23° (poziom określany w przypadku większości odmian jako "dojrzały") pojawiają się aromaty truskawki, stopień wyżej wiśni, a nuty jagód przy 25°.

Rozpowszechnienie i wina

Stany Zjednoczone

Zinfandel jest najbardziej rozpowszechniony w winnicach kalifornijskich, ale odmianę uprawia się również w innych stanach: Arizonie, Kolorado, Illinois, Indianie, Iowa, Massachusetts, Nevadzie, Nowym Meksyku, Nowy Jork, Karolinie Północnej, Ohio, Oregonie, Tennessee, Teksasie i Waszyngtonie. Amerykańscy winiarze produkują wina w licznych stylach: od deserowych win z późnego zbioru poprzez różowego White Zinfandela i lekkie czerwone wina podobne do beaujolais aż po pełne czerwone wina i wzmocnione w rodzaju porto.

Początkowo krzewy zinfandela były uprawiane wspólnie z odmianami durif (petite syrah), carignan, grenache, mourvèdre, mission (listan prieto) i muscat (o składzie wina decydowały proporcje odmian w winnicy). Choć od tego czasu większość winnic uległa uporządkowaniu, to kalifornijscy winiarze nadal używają domieszek, przede wszystkim petite syrah. W 2011 zinfandelem było obsadzonych ok. 10% powierzchni kalifornijskich winnic. W 2012 roku wytłoczono 448 tys. ton winogron zinfandel (primitivo), co dawało wtedy odmianie trzecią lokatę, za chardonnay i cabernet sauvignon, a przed merlotem.

Regiony w Kalifornii
W Kalifornii 80% gron zinfandel pochodzi z ok. 20% hrabstw. Największe regiony produkcji (Hrabstwo San Joaquin, Hrabstwo Stanislaus i Madera są źródłem gron przede wszystkim na wina kupażowane i niewymyślne wina w kartonikach lub większych butelkach (jug wine).

Niektóre regiony uchodzą za wyjątkowo sprzyjające uprawie zinfandela, a każdy z nich cechuje się własnym stylem.
 W hrabstwie Amador powstają pełne, wyraziste zinfandele z wyjątkowo dojrzałych gron, które charakteryzują się aromatami słodkich czerwonych owoców.
 Winiarze z okolic Santa Cruz produkują wina podobne w stylu do tych z hrabstwa Amador, mimo iż uprawiają jedynie ok. 4,5 ha
 Hrabstwo Sonoma ustępuje powierzchnią winnic obsadzonych zinfandelem jedynie hrabstwu San Joaquin. Na tym terenie znajduje się apelacja Dry Creek Valley AVA, znana z soczystych zinfandeli o wyraźnej owocowości, zrównoważonej kwasowości i nutach jagód i anyżu. Wina z Dry Creek Valley obejmują różne style: od wysokoalkoholowego wina, podobnego do tego z Amador, aż po zrównoważone, korzenne trunki.
 San Luis Obispo, w szczególności apelacja Paso Robles AVA produkuje dzięki wysokim temperaturom w ciągu dnia i chłodnej bryzie wieczorem delikatne zinfandele.
 Choć Dolina Napa słynie z win z odmian cabernet sauvignon, merlot i syraha, to produkuje się tu również wina zinfandel, opisywane jako z wyraźnym aromatem śliwek, czerwonych owoców i nutami cedru i wanilii. Często wytwarzane w lekkim stylu claret (jak w Bordeaux).
 W cieplejszych latach w dolinie Russian River powstają dobre wina, natomiast przy gorszej pogodzie winogrona nie dojrzewają dostatecznie i wina cechują się nadmierną kwasowością. Przeważają stare krzewy zinfandel, o aromacie przypraw korzennych, ale niższej mocy niż gdzie indziej.
 Wina z hrabstwa Mendocino cechują się wysoką jakością, ale ze względu na skromny marketing są mniej znane.
 W okolicach Lodi rosną jedne z najstarszych krzewów w Kalifornii. Czerwone wina mają opinię owocowych i bezpretensjonalnych, natomiast większość gron jest przerabiana na White Zinfandela.

Włochy
Większość primitivo jest uprawiana w Apulii, "obcasie włoskiego buta", a odmiana jest 12. w rankingu najpopularniejszych szczepów. Najważniejszymi apelacjami DOC są Primitivo di Manduria i Gioia del Colle w Apulii oraz Falerno del Massico i Cilento w Kampanii. Wina primitivo di manduria są oferowane w wariancie wytrawnym oraz w słodkim (Dolce Naturale) i wzmocnionym (Liquoroso Dolce Naturale, Liquoroso Secco). Ogólna apelacja Gioia del Collo dla win czerwonych (rosso) i różowych (rosato) określa udział primitivo na 50–60%, a jeśli wino zostało oznaczone dodatkowo jako szczepowe primitivo – 100%. Wino falerno w przynajmniej 85% musi składać się z odmiany. W winach oznaczonych apelacją Cilento Rosso albo Rosato DOC udział odmiany waha się między 10 a 20%.

Tradycyjnie winogrona były tłoczone i winifikowane, a wino wysyłane na północ kraju (Toskania i Piemont), gdzie służyło do wzbogacania tamtejszych win. Po odkryciu związku między primitivo a zinfadelem wzrosła powierzchnia winnic i produkcja win odmianowych. Większość włoskiego primitivo to wonne, krzepkie wino o wysokiej zawartości alkoholu. Niektórzy winiarze oferują wina starzone w nowych beczkach z amerykańskiego dębu, by nadać winu styl amerykańskiego zinfandela.

W 1990 uprawy we Włoszech sięgały ok.  ha, w 2000 roku  ha.

Chorwacja
Chorwacki crljenak kaštelanski nie był sprzedawany samodzielnie przed odkryciem związku z zinfandelem. Profesor Maletić otrzymał z Davis w Kalifornii sadzonki obu klonów: zinfandel i primitivo i zasadził je na wyspie Hvar. Pierwsze wina odmianowe ze szczepu wytłoczono w Chorwacji w 2005. Popyt na odmiany o ciemnej skórce jest duży, a władze wspierają badania nad odmianą. Według statystyk Uniwersytetu w Zagrzebiu uprawy crljenaka kaštelanskiego wzrosły z 22 krzewów w 2001 do ok.  sztuk w 2008. W 2012 było ich już ok. .

Inne państwa
Primitivo jest popularną odmianą w Czarnogórze i jest tam uprawiany pod nazwą kratošija. W macedońskich winnicach szczep spotyka się wśród starych krzewów innych odmian. Winiarze zamiast selekcji decydują się raczej na zakup sadzonek z Włoch.

Stare krzewy, pochodzące z lat 30. XX wieku zostały odkryte w stanie Kalifornia Dolna w Meksyku. Odmiana uprawiana jest również w zachodniej Kanadzie.

Niewielkie uprawy istnieją w Australii, w Mudgee w Nowej Południowej Walii, a także w Australii Zachodniej i Południowej, w McLaren Vale. Szczep jest uprawiany również w Republice Południowej Afryki, a jeden z tamtejszych producentów został nawet wyróżniony medalem czasopisma Decanter.
We Francji wino szczepowe z primitivo w 2012 roku oferował tylko jeden winiarz.

Połączenia kulinarne
Wina z primitivo, zwłaszcza w wariancie zinfandel, często kojarzą się z dżemem, dzięki czemu mogą towarzyszyć nawet mocno przyprawionym i osolonym potrawom. Polecane są na przyjęcia na świeżym powietrzu. Z połączeń kulinarnych wymienia się duszone mięsa i wątróbkę drobiową.

Synonimy
Lista według katalogu VIVC:
crljenak kaštelanski, gioia del colle, kratošija, locale, morellone, plavac veliki, primaticcio, primativo, primitivo di gioia, primitivo nero, uva della pergola, uva di corato, zin (potocznie), zinfandel, ZPC, black st. peters, zenfendal, zinfardel, zinfindal, taranto, zeinfandall, zinfardell, zinfindel, zinfandal.

Uwagi

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Linki zewnętrzne
 Zinfandel Advocates & Producers (ZAP)

Szczepy winorośli
Wina amerykańskie
Wina chorwackie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Let your child become this classic children's literature character with this Winnie the Pooh costume. The costume consists of a full body suit and a Pooh character hood. The hood is fashioned to bear the resemblance of Winnie the Pooh. The costume is a one-piece jumpsuit with red fabric indicating the shirt. The word "Pooh" is displayed on the front of the red shirt area. The rest of the costume is yellow. Your little one will be ready to go on a heffalump and woozle hunt, or on a honey-gathering adventure as Winnie the Pooh this Halloween.


text:
Spring Break 6…Like We Ain't Ever is the sixth extended play (EP) by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released on March 11, 2014 by Capitol Nashville. The EP features six original songs co-written by Bryan. A music video was filmed for "She Get Me High".

Critical reception
Matt Bjorke of Roughstock gave the EP four stars out of five, calling it "a smart, fun collection of songs which no doubt is appreciated by his core audience." Bjorke felt that "any of these songs could've been part of his albums if not reserved for the annual EPs."

Track listing

Chart performance
Spring Break 6…Like We Ain't Ever debuted at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart and at number one on the U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums chart, selling 74,000 copies in its first week of release.

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

2014 EPs
Luke Bryan EPs
Capitol Records EPs


A second persona has died following a rollover accident in Lakewood yesterday. 9News is reporting that a female victim was pronounced dead at the scene and the second victim (a 40-year-old woman) was transported to St. Anthony Central Hospital where she died last night from her injuries. The fatal crash happened at about 2p.m. Monday near C-470 and West Alameda Parkway. The victims were in a Ford Explorer that apparently struck another vehicle before careening off the highway and rolling several times down an embankment.
According to Car-Accidents.com, There were nearly 6,420,000 auto accidents in the United States in 2005. A staggering 2.9 million people were injured and 42,636 people killed. Roughly 115 people die every day in vehicle crashes in the United States.
If someone you love has been injured or killed in an automobile accident, it is important to contact an experienced Pueblo personal injury attorney immediately. Compensation may be needed to pay for medical expenses, rehabilitation, lost wages and emotional pain and suffering. No matter what type of accident you were involved in, a Pueblo personal injury attorney can help navigate you through the entire legal process, so you can focus on more important things. Call the Pueblo Personal Injury Law Office of Mickey M. Smith today at(719) 544-0062 for a free consultation.
This entry was posted on Tuesday, October 19th, 2010 at 10:41 pm	and is filed under Auto Accident, Car Accident, Fatal, Motor Vehicle Accident, Personal Injury, Pueblo, Wrongful Death. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.Both comments and pings are currently closed.


The interior of your car is constantly exposed to sunlight and heat, and over time, the parts of the interior made of plastic, rubber, or vinyl-like dashboards or seats will become discolored, and could dry out and crack if not treated properly.
Protectants are the most effective way to treat these surfaces because they contain surfactants to remove dirt and offer protection from UV damage.
To clean vinyl seats, use soap and water or a protectant. If using soap and water, make sure to use as little water as possible, and dry quickly so water doesn't soak through to the cushion or padding. Use a brush or toothbrush along seams to get into the pleats. After cleaning, dress with a protectant to protect from the sun. If the vinyl is already faded from the sun, repeated applications could help restore its luster.
Different protectant products have different shine levels. Select the shine level you prefer. If using a protectant spray, it is better to spray it directly onto the surface rather than onto a cloth, which will absorb some of its cleaning and protective agents.
If your floor mats are made of rubber or vinyl, remove them from the car and clean with soap and water.
Clean your door panels as you have cleaned other parts of your interior that are made from the same material. Check to make sure the door drains are clear (they're at the bottom of the door). If clogged, use a thin wire brush such as a pipe cleaner to clear them. Wipe a damp rag over doorjambs to clean.
Clean vinyl and plastic door panels with soap and water or a cleaner. Dress them with a protectant after they dry.
Vacuum upholstery door panels. If they need more service, follow the same procedures for cleaning upholstery.
Use a protectant-soaked cotton swab to get into tight spaces.
Leather doorjamb panels should be cleaned and conditioned the same way as other leather portions of your car.
Use a small brush, such as a toothbrush, to clean around door handles, pulls, and window cranks.
After cleaning, consider applying a lubrication substance to the doors' latching apparatus. Check your Owner's Manual to see if special lubrication is required.
Protectants will not harm dashboards or cause a console to crack. The protectant penetrates the surface of the dashboard and can provide shine and UV protection to help extend the life of your plastic surfaces.
Make sure to clean the surface with an Armor All® Protectant.
If using a protectant spray, it is better to spray it directly onto the dashboard or console rather than onto a cloth, which will absorb some of its cleaning and protective agents. When working around sensitive areas such as the instrument panel, however, avoid overspray by spraying the protectant onto a cloth before applying or by using wipes or gels.
Use a protectant-soaked cotton swab to get into tight spaces, such as air vents. Consider using protectant wipes or gels or a toothbrush to get into tight areas.
NOT SURE WHAT PROTECTANT TO USE?


To resist the devil we first have to acknowledge and be aware that he exists and understand his specific mission is to devour believers in Jesus Christ. Secondly, we must always be on guard, recognizing that this adversary is constantly looking for opportunities to pounce. It is no accident that he is likened to a lion. This king of the jungle is a stealthy hunter, constantly on the lookout for those who are most vulnerable and particularly targets those who have isolated themselves from others. As a master strategist, he strikes when we least expect it. Our vigilance is not meant to stop him from trying to attack, our vigilance is to make us ready to resist his attack WHEN it comes. Notice I said WHEN it comes and not IF it comes. Therefore, like any good soldier in battle we must be armed and alert 24/7.
To resist effectively, we cannot afford to be ignorant of our enemy's tactics (2 Cor. 2:11). We are told that Satan transforms himself into an angel of light (2 Cor. 11:14). Not only does he attack when we least expect it, if we are not discerning we may not recognize his attack or those he is using to wage the attack. Our vigilance is particularly important because those we least expect to come against us are the very persons that the devil seeks to use – our co-workers, fellow ministers, and family members. But remember at all times, that you wrestle not against flesh and blood but against spiritual forces of darkness who are influencing those closest to you, many times without them being aware that the devil is moving them as a chess piece to bring your downfall. Note, we are warned that the deception of the devil will increase in this season so that even God's chosen will be deceived (Mt. 24:24, Mk. 13:22). It is critical that we grow into spiritual maturity with which comes spiritual discernment (Heb. 5:14). In fact, we need to pray for the gift of discerning of spirits to be added to our arsenal of weapons (1 Cor. 12:10). With regards to those who come pretending to be ministers of the gospel or who are ministering within the Body but have become deceived by the devil, we are told how we can identify them (1 John 4:2-6). There is a spirit of error that is very subtly invading the Body of Christ. This is a plan of the devil to devour and utterly destroy the Body of Christ. I urge each one of us to be armed and vigilant so we can discern between the spirit of truth and the spirit of error (2 Tim. 2:15).
Having identified and become aware of the devil's attack, how do we resist? 1 Pet. 5:9 says, "Resist him, steadfast in the faith". Let's explore this further. One of our weapons is the shield of faith that quenches all of the fiery darts of the wicked one (Eph. 6:16). Notice in this verse it says "above all", meaning the shield of faith is among those weapons considered most important for us to have at all times. The other two "above all" weapons listed in Eph. 6:16 are the helmet of salvation and the sword of the Spirit, which we know is the Word of God. All three work together – helmet of salvation, the sword of the Spirit, and the shield of faith. They cannot be separated. The helmet protects your head wherein lies your mind. This is the devil's greatest battlefield. This is where the attack begins. To resist we must therefore first be constantly aware of our thoughts. Our thoughts evoke feelings and influence our emotions, which in turn influence our decisions and actions. We are told to bring every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ (2 Cor. 10:5). But how do we do this practically? You must first recognize that you are not the source of many of your thoughts. Having accepted this, you must be sober and vigilant to watch over your thoughts so as to nip them in the bud when they do not line up with the "obedience of Christ". But what is the "obedience of Christ"? How do we identify it? The "obedience of Christ" is the sword of the Spirit. We know the obedience of Christ and walk in the obedience of Christ as we study, meditate and allow the Word of God to transform us by the renewing of our minds (Rom. 12:2). We can only truly resist the enemy as we become armed with the Word of God. Jesus is our model of how to resist the devil. In Matthew 4, we see Jesus effectively wielding the sword of the Spirit against the devil. We must know the Word if we are to effectively wield it against our adversary, the devil. However, knowledge of the Word is not sufficient. Without faith it is impossible to please God (Heb. 11:6). To effectively wield the Word of God we must go beyond mere head knowledge to belief in the truth of God's Word. We must believe it is "alive and powerful and sharper than any two-edged sword" (Heb. 4:12). How do we get to that place of faith in the Word? Faith comes by hearing the Word (Rom. 10:17). Constant speaking of the Word to ourselves builds faith in God and in His Word and equips us for the battle against Satan and his demonic forces.
Ultimately then, we cannot resist unless we are "steadfast in the faith". Steadfast means resolutely and dutifully firm and unwavering. When we have faith in God and His Word we will be resolute (determined and unwavering) in our belief that he that is in us is greater than he who is in the world (1 John 4:4). We will believe that we have all authority to trample on serpents and scorpions and over all the power of the enemy and nothing shall by any means hurt us (Lk. 10:19). We will believe in the exceeding greatness of God's power toward us who believe, according to the working of His mighty power, which He worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come (Eph. 1:19-21). Hallelujah!! If God is for us who can be against us!! Let us arm and equip ourselves with the weapons of our warfare so when the enemy comes, having done all we will be found standing. Amen and amen.
Previous Article Are You Walking in the Spirit?


Have you been wrongfully terminated because of you are pregnant? Have you been passed over for a promotion because of you gender or age? Are you the victim of a hostile work environment? Employment discrimination takes many forms. From crude jokes to adverse employment actions, an employer can not use age, race, or gender as a basis for employment decisions.
Sexual harassment - Hostile work environment including jokes, posters, and comments by co-workers and supervisors.
Gender discrimination and pregnancy discrimination - Wrongful termination, failure to hire, unfair discipline, or being passed over for a promotion.
Age discrimination - If your employer has taken any adverse employment actions based on your age, contact my law office.
Many of the clients that seek out an employment discrimination lawyer have had adverse employment action taken against them after years of service to their employer. Whether you are seeking financial damages or simply want to prove that your employer discriminated against you, I can help.
At the Law Office of Michael J. Joshi, I will perform an intensive investigation into the facts surrounding your case. What was your employer's real motivation for the employment action? Was the reason given a pretext for discrimination?
At the Law Office of Michael J. Joshi, I represent clients throughout Kansas and Missouri in a variety of employment discrimination matters. If you are seeking an experienced employment discrimination attorney, call me at 913-428-0199, toll free at 800-566-7492 or contact my Kansas law office for a free initial consultation and case evaluation.


Lots of fun at Lunar Bay Music and Arts Festival!
June 29th and 30th were magnificent days for the 1st annual Lunar Bay Music and Arts Festival at Susquehanna Park in Havre de Grace, MD. The weather forecast was threatening (especially on Sunday!) but apparently the good music and feel-good attitudes kept the weather at bay.
We had a great time vending the festival and couldn't have asked for a better spot to be set up - close to the main stage with a constant set of tunes to keep us feeling good as we hung out with the steady flow of festival goers stopping by our booth!
Thanks to all those who made the festival a success!


text:
// Copyright 2000-2019 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package com.intellij.ide.projectView.impl;

import com.intellij.icons.AllIcons;
import com.intellij.ide.IdeBundle;
import com.intellij.ide.projectView.ProjectView;
import com.intellij.openapi.actionSystem.AnActionEvent;
import com.intellij.openapi.actionSystem.Presentation;
import com.intellij.openapi.actionSystem.ToggleAction;
import com.intellij.openapi.project.DumbAware;
import com.intellij.openapi.project.Project;
import com.intellij.util.PlatformUtils;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * @author anna
 * @deprecated added in {@link ProjectViewImpl} automatically
 */
@Deprecated
@ApiStatus.ScheduledForRemoval(inVersion = "2020.2")
public final class ShowModulesAction extends ToggleAction implements DumbAware {
  private final Project myProject;
  private final String myId;

  public ShowModulesAction(@NotNull Project project, @NotNull String id) {
    super(IdeBundle.message("action.show.modules"), IdeBundle.message("action.description.show.modules"), AllIcons.Actions.GroupByModule);
    myProject = project;
    myId = id;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isSelected(@NotNull AnActionEvent event) {
    ProjectView view = getProjectView();
    return view != null && view.isShowModules(myId);
  }

  @Override
  public void setSelected(@NotNull AnActionEvent event, boolean flag) {
    ProjectView view = getProjectView();
    if (view != null) view.setShowModules(myId, flag);
  }

  @Override
  public void update(@NotNull AnActionEvent event) {
    super.update(event);
    Presentation presentation = event.getPresentation();
    presentation.setEnabledAndVisible(hasModules() && isCurrentViewSelected(getProjectView()));
  }

  @Nullable
  private ProjectView getProjectView() {
    return myProject.isDisposed() ? null : ProjectView.getInstance(myProject);
  }

  private boolean isCurrentViewSelected(@Nullable ProjectView view) {
    return view != null && myId.equals(view.getCurrentViewId());
  }

  public static boolean hasModules() {
    return PlatformUtils.isIntelliJ();
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<?php
$errors = array();

if($_POST){
    require "../app/application/".'bootstrap.php';

    $remember_me = FALSE;
    if(isset($_POST['remember-me'])) $remember_me = TRUE;

    if (Auth::instance()->login($_POST['email'], $_POST['password'], $remember_me))
    {
      // rename instalation folder
      header('location: ./');
    }
    else
    {
        // Login failed, send back to form with error message
        $errors["form"] = ___("Login failed. Check the entered data.");
    }
}


text:
The Truth About Lean Store In 2 Little Words
Codeine is a prescription opioid that is a controlled substance in the U.S. The drug is recommended to deal with mild-to-moderate pain and as a cough suppressor. Codeine is available in different forms, including tablets, and as a syrup. It is often utilized in combination with other substances like acetaminophen. Codeine's strength is moderate compared to other opioids, however there are still threats connected with its use. For instance, people frequently abuse codeine in order to feel high. You can feel high from codeine because it converts into morphine once it reaches the brain. The drug then binds to opioid receptors, activating a flood of feel-good neurotransmitters like dopamine. This results in euphoria and other pleasant feelings, along with sleepiness and even sedation.
Lean gets its name from the user's loss of balance, which resembles the behavior of heroin and opioid users. The impacts of drinking Lean will appear about an hour after taking the very first drink and may last for up to six hours later. Like other opioids, the user will quickly develop a dependency on the drug and an increased tolerance. This suggests a user needs to drink increasingly more to obtain the feeling they want. In the meantime, the person's health is being compromised by drinking it. Breathing rates end up being shallow and sluggish. The entire body will struggle with lowered oxygen consumption, including the brain. As soon as breathing stops and the brain is no longer receiving life-sustaining oxygen, it just takes six minutes for an individual to be stated braindead. An individual can rapidly go from the periodic drinking of Lean to a daily practice to severe medical effects, including coma or death in simply a couple of years.
Lean is so harmful because of the very high levels of codeine discovered in the mixture. People drinking Lean are taking in approximately 25 times more codeine than the recommended dosage advises. And, the withdrawal from codeine can be made complex, particularly throughout the very first two days. Abusers may need Medication-assisted detox and treatment to deal with the impacts of withdrawal, that include insomnia, muscle pains, agitation, and stress and anxiety.
Lean can be unsafe and can cause a deadly overdose. Codeine on its own is a pain reliever and cough suppressant. When combined with promethazine in the so-called lean drink, it creates an enhanced sedative impact. This is since both codeine and promethazine are central nerve system depressants, meaning that they decrease the main nervous system. Integrating multiple central nerve system depressants can have an additive effect on the body, increasing the danger of overdose.
Respiratory anxiety, or slowed breathing, is among the most dangerous effects of purple drank. As a central nervous system depressant, codeine can cause slowed breathing. Nevertheless, purple drank's other ingredients like promethazine can also trigger slowed breathing. Due to these additive results, purple drank has a high danger of overdose, which can be deadly. The rapper DJ Screw, who made purple drank popular in his songs, passed away from a purple drank overdose. Other stars, like Lil Wayne, were hospitalized due to overdosing on purple drank.
Individuals usually sip purple drank to experience the reported ecstasy and dissociation from one's body. It's frequently called a "swooning bliss"– promethazine functions as a sedative and codeine produces a feeling of euphoria– and these effects last in between 3 to 6 hours. Purple drank also passes the name "lean" because comparable to being very drunk, individuals typically literally have to lean on something to stand up as soon as the effects happen.
Like other opioids, codeine also carries a threat of physical reliance and addiction. An individual may begin utilizing reasonably mild codeine and after that transfer to more powerful opioids to get more of a high. Often, people might even combine codeine with other compounds, like promethazine and Sprite, to heighten their high. A common illegal mix of codeine, promethazine and Sprite is called purple drank. The codeine part of purple drank is mostly responsible for the effects of this mixture. Promethazine and codeine are central nervous system depressants, suggesting that a person can stop breathing when the drugs are taken together in high doses. These threats are even more substantial if another depressant like alcohol is used in conjunction with the purple drank.
Lean also known as purple drank, barre, and Texas tea, among other names, is a mixture of cough syrup, soda, hard candy, and, sometimes, alcohol. Originating in Houston, Texas, it's typically served in a white Styrofoam cup. Healthline does not back the use of any illegal compounds, and we acknowledge avoiding them is always the safest approach. Nevertheless, we believe in supplying available and accurate info to minimize the harm that can occur when utilizing.
Purple drank ended up being popular in the 1990s after being the subject of several rap tunes and videos. The mixture itself is sweet-tasting due to both the soda and sweet components. For this reason, a person may not even seem like they are taking medications until they begin feeling high. Individuals who utilized purple drank quickly became aware of the compound's euphoric effects. When someone has codeine and Sprite blended together in the form of lean, they feel a dissociative sense of ecstasy, sleepiness, drowsiness and impairment of their motor abilities. In many cases, purple drank is also brought with alcohol or other drugs, upping the risks even more.
Teenagers abusing drugs and alcohol love to feel a sense of bliss since they wish to escape from their truths. Often, they wish to alleviate pain and unwind. Lean is a popular beverage that supplies this feeling to its users. Lean is a mixture of cough syrup and soda. Young person drink Lean at parties due to the fact that it tastes great, makes them unwind, and is typically mixed with sour gummy worms.
Purple drank is the moniker provided to the leisure drug that is produced by blending big doses of prescription cough syrup (most commonly promethazine-codeine products, which are classically a deep purple color) with a carbonated soft drink and hard candy. Codeine and Sprite ended up being a popular mix among illicit drug users in Texas in the 1990s. Likewise referred to as "purple drank," this combination is a way to abuse codeine and get high.


text:
The Sounds es un grupo sueco de indie rock formado en Helsingborg en 1999. La banda está formada por Maja Ivarsson (voz), Felix Rodríguez (guitarra), Johan Bengtsson (bajo), Jesper Anderberg (sintetizadores) y Fredrik Nilsson (batería). The Sounds comenzó cuando Félix Rodríguez y Johan Bengtsson decidieron formar un grupo con sus amigos del instituto (con Fredrik Nilsson en la batería).

Su álbum debut, Living in America, fue lanzado en 2002, seguido de Dying to Say This to You el 21 de marzo de 2006. Su tercer álbum, Crossing the Rubicon vio la luz el 2 de junio de 2009,  Something To Die For se publicó el 29 de marzo de 2011. El álbum Living in America fue grabado en Estocolmo, fue nominado a varios Grammy y consiguió la 4ª posición en la lista sueca de álbumes más vendidos. En otoño del 2013 la banda lanzó su último álbum denominado "Weekend" en cual cuenta con 12 canciones. Su segundo álbum, Dying to Say This to You, fue grabado en California y producido por Jeff Saltzman, productor de The Killers. Han realizado giras por varios países con bandas como Foo Fighters, Panic! At The Disco, Mando Diao y The Strokes.

Se dice que la vocalista del grupo, Maja Ivarsson, recalcó su ambición cuando dijo "Quiero ser la mejor vocalista femenina que hay… o aunque sea la mejor de este siglo", pero en numerosas entrevistas ha desmentido dicha información, alegando que tan solo quería ser una buena entertainer. Colaboró con la canción "Snakes on a Plane (Bring It)" del grupo Cobra Starship para la banda sonora de la película Snakes on a Plane. Asimismo ella y el resto del grupo colaboraron con la pista 6 de dicha compilación con su canción "Queen of Apology" la cual es un remix hecho por Patrick Stump, vocalista del grupo Fall Out Boy.

Jesper Anderberg y Felix Rodríguez han realizado trabajos independientes escribiendo canciones para otros artistas, entre ellos la banda de pop alemán Krezip y la banda sueca de punk Quit Your Dayjob.

La canción titulada "Seven days a week" hizo parte del repertorio de canciones del juego FIFA 2005.
En 2011 formó parte de la BSO de la película Scream 4

Discografía

Álbumes de estudio

Living In America (2002)
Dying to Say This to You (2006)
Crossing the Rubicon (2009)
Something To Die For (2011)
Weekend (2013)
Things We Do For Love (2020)

EP

Dying to Say This to You EP (2006)
Live (EP) (2006)
The Tales That We Tell (2017)

Demos

"Under My Skin"
"Bombs Bombs Away" (alt. version)
"Turn Back The Time (Breathe)"
"Go! (You Will Never See Me Down Again)"
"Come Inside (Stora)"
"She Moves"
"Free, Free, Free"
"Like A Lady" (demo version)
"Fire" (demo version)

Enlaces externos

Página oficial

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Indian Beauty Blog | Fashion | Lifestyle | Makeup | SparkleWithSurabhi : Tribe By Amrapali - Radha Krishna Silver Earrings For Your Beloved This Valentine's Day!!
Tribe By Amrapali - Radha Krishna Silver Earrings For Your Beloved This Valentine's Day!!
Valentines Day is here again, all you lovers out there this is time to shower your loved ones with affection, Whether your Valentine this year is your Mother, Wife, Daughter or Your Lover it is still not to late to buy them a lovely pair of Amrapali Radha Krishna Earrings!!
Radha, daughter of Vrishabhanu, was the lover of Krishna during that period of his life when he lived among the cowherds of Vrindavan. Since childhood they were close to each other - they played, they danced, they fought, they grew up together and wanted to be together forever, but the world pulled them apart. He departed to safeguard the virtues of truth, and she waited for him. He vanquished his enemies, became the king, and came to be worshipped as a lord of the universe. She waited for him. He married Rukmini and Satyabhama, raised a family, fought the great war of Ayodhya, and she still waited. So great was Radha's love for Krishna that even today her name is chanted whenever Krishna is refered to, and Krishna worship is though to be incomplete without the deification of Radha.
Radha Krishna are a True Symbol of Love!!!
An original hand painted Radha Krishna on handmade Sanganari paper set in silver.


Sample four sensational syrups with this set, including cardamom-infused and rye barrel-aged.
Poured into recently emptied rye whiskey barrels, the aged syrup draws in the essence of the spicy spirit without the alcohol. Pour over ice cream or mix into whiskey cocktails.
The cardamom-infused syrup features organic spice from Guatemala. Incorporate into cake glazes, crepes, and cocktails.
Infused with organic spices from Vietnam and Madagascar, the cinnamon and vanilla syrup pairs well with apple pie or yogurt. Try stirring some into a glass of milk for a sublime nightcap.
The elderberry syrup is woodsy with an intense flavor reminiscent of honey and figs. It pairs well with cheese, mixed into yogurt, or drizzled over pound cake.
This set of four enticing syrups is beautifully packaged and handmade in Cambridge, Vermont.
Click here for recipes using the Maple Syrup Sampler.
Leaving behind careers in environmental advocacy and the traffic of The Beltway, Eric and Laura Sorkin left Washington D.C. to move to Vermont and start an organic vegetable farm. They began producing maple syrup from the 1,000 acres of forest behind their house. This led to a line of infused, barrel-aged, and smoked syrups all made on site at their sugarhouse. Laura has a degree from the French Culinary Institute and has developed recipes using their syrups for desserts, cocktails, and savory dishes. Staying true to their roots, the Sorkins not only certified their operation as organic, but they are also one of the first maple operations to be certified as bird-friendly by the National Audubon Society.
This was a gift for a maple syrup lover who never seems to find the real stuff in restaurants, so I thought this was something practical (he could take it on the run). To top things off, each flavor was rich and wonderful, and we even explored some pairings we wouldn't have thought of on our own. Highly recommend this. Now how do I buy a gallon?!
My son and daughter-in-law are breakfast people and often have pancakes or waffles. This seemed like a great fit for them. We had 2 of the varieties (Cardomom and Vanilla Cinnamon) Christmas morning and they are delicious. We were careful to write the company name down so that we can order more items from them!
We are giving these as a gift, so have not tasted - but the packaging is lovely. The flavors also sound wonderful and unique.
The syrups will be fun for him to try!
My boyfriend likes pancakes and he loves real maple syrup. He doesn't buy or eat anything with chemicals in it so this will be a perfect gift for him!
Great flavors. Right size. Perfect gift!
Great gift for a new Englander!
They all taste great and last a long time!
Absolutely delicious! The Elderberry infused syrup was really, really good. Make a great gift for sure. Highly recommended!
Great gift! Could drink it with a straw!
Purchased this sampler as part of a father's day breakfast gift basket I put together for my dad. The sampler is a reasonable size for the price, and the syrups are absolutely decadent-- the cinnamon and vanilla was a hit with everyone-- even picky 6 year-old twins. Packaging is sleek and attractive.


What's on the buffet? Click below to find out!
including a fully stocked Salad and Dessert Bar!
Click HERE for our Weekly Menu and to our Weekly Menu Email list by sending an email to CountryKitchenGonzales@gmail.com or hit us up on Facebook. Menus go out on Monday mornings each week.
Like our Facebook page and stay up to date with promotional dishes and enter to win our weekly drawings for a FREE MEAL for 4!
Country Kitchen is great stop for a quick lunch, get in and out as fast as you choose!
To-Go plates are available for $10.50 (plus tax).
The Country Kitchen can accommodate larger parties during regular business hours and offers banquet packages for events during non-business hours. Email us to get more info on hosting your next family reunion, baby shower, birthday party, or other special occasion at the Country Kitchen, complete with the full buffet and servers.


text:
The Presumptive New CU President Has Spotless Job Reviews. But For Students And Faculty, His Voting Record Isn't As Clean
By Jenny Brundin
Students in the commons at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colo., Oct, 2005. Lagging state support for higher ed has gone all but unnoticed at the state Capitol, where K-12 schools dominate the political discussion.
Mark Kennedy, the sole finalist to be the new president of the University of Colorado system, received glowing performance reviews from his current post at the University of North Dakota.
But the praise — for his "collaborative spirit," as well as raising the school's research profile and performance — stands in contrast to growing pushback from students and faculty at CU Boulder for Kennedy's political stances from his time as a Minnesota congressman a decade ago.
The CU Board of Regents this week unanimously named Kennedy as its finalist for president this week. Sitting CU president Bruce Benson announced his retirement, effective July 2019, last summer.
A student demonstration is planned on the campus for noon on Monday, and petitioners have gathered more than 1,800 signatures as of Friday to protest Kennedy's selection.
Meanwhile, Kennedy put out an open letter to the university community Friday.
Ken McConnellogue, spokesperson for the university system, said despite the backlash, plans for Kennedy to visit all four CU campuses April 22-26 haven't changed.
"There are a lot of concerns that have been raised out there and those are fair concerns. And he will need to address those when he's here and I'm confident that he will," MConnellogue said.
The performance reviews stand in contrast to the push back the former Republican Minnesota congressman is getting from students and faculty at CU Boulder for his political stances more than a decade ago.
Kennedy began his post as president of the University of North Dakota in July 2016, just weeks after a "perfect storm" of commodity price drops created stress on the state budget and subsequent belt-tightening for its higher education system.
In his written performance reviews for 2016-17 and 2017-18, University of North Dakota Chancellor Mark Hagerott praised Kennedy for a number of accomplishments and his work ethic.
"Early on in your tenure, you did not hesitate making hard decisions but in demonstrating servant leadership you tried, whenever possible, to include stakeholders in the development of your strategies and plans," Hagerott writes. "A remarkable start in your first eleven months."
A strategic plan Kennedy developed focused on increasing the four-year graduation rate and ensuring diverse student representation. Kennedy also sought to expand international immersions for students as well as semester exchange programs.
As university president, Kennedy also received good marks for raising the profile of what the university with state legislators.
"You engaged with precision, professionalism, and yielded positive outcomes in your support of the system office during the legislative session," Hagerott wrote
Kennedy built on the University of North Dakota's reputation as a leader in online education; developed a substance-free, on-campus housing option for sober and recovering students; launched an LGBTQ + Resiliency Support Group; and established a food pantry for students experiencing food insecurity.
Kennedy's latest mid-performance review two months ago was the only place in three formal reviews that hinted at a problem, in this case some of his relationships with citizen stakeholders.
Some of the accomplishments cited in Kennedy's reviews seem to differ from his record as a Republican Minnesota congressman, including voting against gay marriage, abortion access and stem cell research. Kennedy was in office from 2001-2007, when he lost the general election to the now-Democratic presidential nominee Amy Klobuchar.
Deep Badhesha is a second-year law student at CU Boulder. When he heard the announcement of the presidential Wednesday, he says he was appalled what a quick Google search turned up.
"We realized that he had voted specifically against the LGBTQ community and their rights, had consistently voted against women reproductive rights, had consistently voted against civil rights in general," Badhesha said.
Badhesha says some members of the Board of Regents told him they were unaware of Kennedy's voting record during an earlier stint in Congress.
Any finalists for a presidential search must be made public for at least 14 days before a final Regents vote. That's given several students organizations time to organize a rally against the Regents selection on Monday.
CU Regent-At-Large Lesley Smith tweeted that she and colleagues would be exploring this "concerning" information.
Regent Board Chair Sue Sharkey told the Boulder Camera she has "every reason to believe that the nine regents are still in support of Mark Kennedy."
In an open letter to the university community Friday, Kennedy said he cast as many as 4,000 votes in Congress. He added that he will be happy to address his past votes and other concerns during the weeklong visit planned for the University of Colorado's four campuses April 22-26.
He said on some votes, such as opposing gay marriage, the societal consensus has changed over the past decade.
"Would I vote the same way today? No. My record in supporting the LGBTQ+ community reflects a deep respect for the dignity of each individual. Students, faculty, staff and members of our community will have my full support and respect no matter who they love or how they identify," Kennedy wrote.
CPR News reporter Joella Baumann contributed to this report.