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Research Article: Hempseed increases gamma-tocopherol in egg yolks and the breaking strength of tibias in laying hens
Date Published: May 28, 2019
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Author(s): Miloš Skřivan, Michaela Englmaierová, Tomáš Vít, Eva Skřivanová, Juan J Loor.
The effect of hempseed in the diet of laying hens was evaluated at 0, 30, 60 and 90 g/kg concentrations. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary treatment on the performance of hens, the physical characteristics of egg quality, the concentrations of α- and γ-tocopherol and the carotenoid and cholesterol contents of egg yolks, together with the breaking strength of tibial measurements. In light of the obtained results, our study aimed to address the optimal dietary level of hempseed in laying hen diets. Lohmann Brown hens (n = 240) were divided into 4 dietary treatment groups (6 cages per treatment) with 10 hens per cage. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The level of nutrients in all diets (wheat-corn) was well balanced. The dietary metabolisable energy was adjusted using rapeseed oil. The addition of 30 g/kg of hempseed to the diet significantly increased (P˂0.001) egg production and egg mass. Alpha-tocopherol increased significantly (P = 0.002) only in the case of the 60 g/kg hempseed level (101 mg/kg dry matter (DM) versus 83 mg/ kg DM in the control group). In contrast, the level of γ-tocopherol increased gradually from 11 mg/kg DM in the control to 29, 39 and 43 mg/kg DM at the 30, 60 and 90 g/kg levels of dietary hempseed, respectively. The concentrations of beta carotene, zeaxanthin and lutein in egg yolks were not influenced by the dietary treatment. Hempseed at 90 g/kg (P = 0.036) decreased egg shell thickness without affecting its strength. The addition of hempseed decreased (P˂0.001) the cholesterol concentration in the egg yolks in all experimental groups. The addition of 30, 60 and 90 g hempseed increased (P˂0.001) the breaking strength of the tibia to 354, 352 and 350 N, respectively, compared to 297 N in the control group. The highest level of hempseed in the diet positively influenced the Ca concentration in the tibia (P = 0.021). The concentration of P in the tibia was negatively affected in the 60 to 90 g/kg hempseed treatments (P˂0.001). Eggs are a significant source of α-tocopherol. Based on our results, there is a possibility for enrichment of egg yolks with γ-tocopherol, with all of its associated health benefits, by the addition of hempseed to the diet of laying hens. Another significant benefit of hempseed is its effect on the breaking strength of the tibia, which can help with crucial problems in the commercial breeding of laying hens.
Partial Text
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been known for its bioactive substance composition, including tocopherols. Tocopherols can lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancers and aged-related macular degeneration, among other physiological effects [1]. In hempseed, the concentration of tocopherols, as well as the fat content and fatty acid profiles, may vary according to the cultivar, as demonstrated by Kriese et al. (2004) [2], who measured the fat content, fatty acid profiles and tocopherol concentrations of 51 hemp genotypes over 2 years. In the hempseed, the predominant tocopherol was identified as γ-tocopherol (21.68 mg/100 g), followed by α- (1.82 mg/100 g), δ- and β-tocopherol [2, 3]. According to Jiang et al. (2001) [4], γ-tocopherol is very easily absorbed and accumulates in human tissues. It is metabolised mostly by 2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (γ-CEHC) and is excreted mainly through urination. Both γ-tocopherol and γ-CEHC, but not α-tocopherol, have some anti-inflammatory properties related to cyclooxygenase activity inhibition [4]. Gamma-tocopherol is somewhat less potent in donating electrons than α-tocopherol and is thus a slightly less powerful antioxidant [5]. Therefore, α-tocopherol is generally considered to be more potent than γ-tocopherol as a chain-breaking antioxidant for inhibiting lipid peroxidation. However, the unsubstituted C-5 position of γ-tocopherol appears to make it better able to capture lipophilic electrophiles, such as reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS) [6]. In addition, animal studies generally showed positive effects of α-tocopherol supplementation on bones in various models of osteoporosis. However, in high doses, it may be harmful to bone [7]. α-Tocopherol supplementation tended to induce an osteogenesis-dominant bone mass increase in the vertebral secondary cancellous bone, in which active bone remodelling occurs. Therefore, α-tocopherol consumption may have beneficial effects on bone health [8]. Additionally, Borhanuddin et al. (2012) [9] showed that α-tocopherol may have a significant effect on bone formation during the normal remodelling phase of secondary bone healing. On the other hand, Hamidi et al. (2012) [10] found that vitamin E supplements in the form of α-tocopherol suppressed serum γ-tocopherol levels and had negative effects on bone formation. In contrast to α-tocopherol, dietary supplementation with γ-tocopherol leads to not only an increase in γ-tocopherol itself but also an increase in α-tocopherol in the blood [4]. Another bioactive compound related to bone metabolism is cannabidiol. Cannabidiol enhances fracture healing by targeting collagen crosslinking [11]. A positive effect of Cannabis sativa extracts on the morphology and growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats was reported by Sazmand et al. (2018) [12]. Regarding experiments on poultry, the effects of both hempseed and hemp oil on the performance of laying hens and the fatty acid profiles of their eggs have been studied thus far. The results of Goldberg et al. (2012) [13] show that hemp used in hen diets led to an increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content and colour intensity of egg yolks and did not have adverse effects on the sensory profiles of the cooked eggs. As demonstrated by Neijat et al. (2014) [14], both hempseed and hemp oil (10% and 4.5% in the laying hen diet, respectively) are well tolerated, safe and effective. Hemp pomace supplementation in the diet of hens in a final concentration of up to 10% enriched egg yolks with polyunsaturated fatty acids, with no negative effects on hen performance [15].
The diet compositions are shown in Table 1. The diet enriched with hempseed at a 30 g/kg concentration significantly (P ˂ 0.001) increased both the egg mass and egg production (Table 2).
Egg yolks are a valuable source of α-tocopherol. However, the amount of γ-tocopherol in egg yolk is close to zero. Guinazi et al. (2009) [20] evaluated the amount of both tocopherols in fresh eggs from two restaurants and found concentrations of 8.26 and 11.27 mg/kg for α-tocopherol; γ-tocopherol concentrations were below the detection limit. In our experiment, the dietary addition of hempseed resulted in 94–101 mg/kg DM of α-tocopherol and 29–43.3 mg/kg DM of γ-tocopherol in egg yolks. The control group had 83 mg/kg DM of α-tocopherol and 11.3 mg/kg DM of γ-tocopherol in their egg yolks. There was no vitamin E in the vitamin-mineral premix of the experimental animals. Tocopherols in the diet originated solely from the dietary components and mostly from the rapeseed oil. According to our analysis, rapeseed oil contains 217 mg/kg of α-tocopherol and 286 mg/kg of γ-tocopherol. Therefore, the presence of γ-tocopherol and its concentration in egg yolks is related to the presence of plant oils in mixed feed, which in our case was mostly hemp oil and rapeseed oil. Hempseed diets contained more α-tocopherol than the control diet. As the hempseed concentration increased in the feed, the amount of both γ-tocopherol and α-tocopherol increased in the egg yolk. The increased consumption of γ-tocopherol in laying hens corresponded with the increased amount of both tocopherols in egg yolks. Similar results were observed by Jiang et al. (2001) [4] in blood. In our experiment, the concentration of γ-tocopherol in hempseed was 21.2 mg/100 g, which is in agreement with the average γ-tocopherol concentration of 21.7 mg/100 g, as determined by Kriese et al. (2004) [2] from 51 genotypes. The small size of hempseed (on average 4 x 2.7 mm in our experiment) is ideal for mixed feed preparation when combined with coarse parts of cereals. The presence of hempseed in the diet did not influence its intake in any sense. In our opinion, the limit is the higher amount of fibre in hempseed, which can be a limiting factor for its use. However, the addition of 30% hempseed or 9% hemp oil to the diet did not cause any adverse effects on performance or egg quality [14]. Halle and Schone (2013) [15] investigated the effects of hempseed cake (5, 10 and 15%) in a feed mixture and concluded that feed with up to 10% cake did not negatively influence hen performance. A similar conclusion was made by Neijat et al. (2014) [14] after evaluating 10, 20 and 30% dietary concentrations of hempseed. In our case, even 3% hempseed in mixed feed increased egg production and daily egg mass. Hempseed did not affect the carotenoid concentrations in egg yolks. The effect on egg yolk colour was significant; however, the commercial output of this finding is marginal. The numerical values are close to the findings of Goldberg et al. (2012) [13], who observed similar effects of hempseed on yellowness and redness using higher concentrations of hempseed. Contrary to Halle and Schone (2013) [15], we did not observe a higher egg white proportion with hempseed supplementation in our experiment. Regarding the effect of hempseed on cholesterol level, there are a number of bioactive substances that can be responsible for that particular output. In intensive poultry production systems, bone strength is undoubtedly one of the major issues we need to address. The high incidence of broken bones is observed among hens throughout the production period, and during depopulation, transport and shackling [21, 22]. The positive effect of hempseed on the bone strength of the tibia is in agreement with results found in recent human medical literature [11] and experiments on rats [12]. The former author suggested that bone structure morphology and mesenchymal bone cell growth were possibly affected by hempseed. Similar modes of action can also be considered in poultry. Additionally, collagen is present in mesenchymal stem bone cells. In terms of the effect on bone metabolism, cannabidiol (CBD) is considered to be the active substance in hemp. As shown by Gabet (2017) [11], cannabidiol enhances fracture healing by targeting collagen crosslinking. Cannabidiol is a phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis species that is devoid of psychoactive compounds. The higher tibial strength in our experiment is in agreement with the higher Ca concentration in groups fed the diets enriched by hempseed.
In conclusion, dietary hempseed supplementation increased γ-tocopherol in egg yolks and the breaking strength of tibia and decreased cholesterol content in egg yolks. In terms of performance and bone quality, the most suitable dose for laying hens is 30 g/kg of hemp seed in the diet.
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2017 Topps Now -- #463 -- 80 Wins in 113 Games, Fastest in Franchise History
Featured here is a new 2017 Topps Now card that celebrates the accomplishments of the best team in Baseball. Go here to check it out and order. As you know, the Dodgers won their 80th game of the season last night, and that marks the fastest pace the franchise has ever experienced. In fact, that win put the team on a pace to win 115 games this year -- the highest win total in Dodger history. Not only that, they'll come shockingly close to tying the Major League mark for wins at 116 (held by both the 1906 Cubs and 2001 Mariners).
Per the description on the reverse:
Alex Wood picked up his 14th win of the season against the Diamondbacks, giving up only two runs over six innings and striking out four. Cody Bellinger got the scoring started in the second inning with his 33rd homer of the season off of Diamondbacks ace Zach Greinke. The victory gave the Dodgers their 80th win of the season and marks the fastest in their 134-year history that they hit this mark.
By ernest at Thursday, August 10, 2017
Labels: 2017 ToppsNow, Alex Wood, Cody Bellinger
Padres Series Starts Friday - Stadium Giveaways, P...
2017 Topps Now -- #463 -- 80 Wins in 113 Games, Fa...
Players Weekend Brings Nicknames and Funny Socks
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Yvonne Deane-Hibbert, mother of three, is co-vocalist of the Strykers' Posse a.k.a. We & Dem Born in London, England, of Jamaican parentage, Yvonne migrated to the United States in 1973 and has been performing in Reggae bands since 1978. Yvonne is also a self taught keyboard player who had the opportunity of performing on tour filling in as a keyboard player for Ichelle when she was away giving birth to her third child. Yvonne also has performed and worked with several groups in the Baltimore/Washington DC area such as The Mighty Invaders and New Determination, as well as lending backing vocals in the studio on productions for Englishman,Peace of Mind, Zebulon and the Fullness, Kelly Bell Band, Kwame and Jah Works'. Yvonne can also be heard on the track titled "You've Got What I want" on Danny Dread's "Crucial World" album. A true professional both on stage and off, Yvonne is known for her sweet, serene and soulful voice which adds depth to the group's vocal applications. Yvonne, has been compared to the likes of Marcia Griffiths and has proved that she can hold her own in this male dominated business.


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Q: Are $n$ vectors are orthogonal if performing the inner product of all $n$ vectors at once yields zero? Are $n$ vectors are orthogonal if performing the inner product of all $n$ vectors at once yields zero?
In other words, could I say that $\hat{i} \perp \hat{j} \perp \hat{k}$?
For example, suppose I have the three vectors $\hat{i} = <2, 0, 4>; \hat{j}= <0, 1, 0>; \hat{k} = <2, 0, 1>$. Their inner product would be $2(0)(2) + 0(1)(0) + 4(0)(1) = 0$. Can I say that the three vectors $\hat{i}, \hat{j}, $ and $ \hat{k}$ are orthogonal, or do I have to multiply out each pair?

A: No, you cannot assume that. Inner products (i.e., dot products) can only be conducted with two vectors at a time. Hope this helps!

A: As already mentioned that the inner product is a bilinear form, and therefore the "inner product" of $n$ vectors is not defined. But, I find it interesting to ask what if we define "fake inner product" as you have done, by taking coordinate wise multiplication and summing; can we then conclude that the fake inner product means all $n$ vectors are mutually orthogonal?
Well, in General it is still false. For example, take $(1,0), (0,1), (1,1)$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$. Note that the "fake inner product" is zero but clearly $(1, 1)$ and $(1,0)$ are not orthogonal in the usual sense.
One might object to it by observing that we are taking three vectors in $\mathbb{R}^2$. What if we have exactly $n$ vectors in $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that the "fake inner product" is zero. But, your claim is still false. Just take $e_i$ to be the standard basis vectors for $1\le i \le n-1$, and take any vector $v$ as the $n$th vector. It is clear that the fake inner product is 0, but we can choose $v$ which is not orthogonal to any of $e_i$.

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va ser un genet rus que va competir sota bandera soviètica durant les dècades de 1950 i 1960. El 1960, als Jocs de 1960, va guanyar una medalla d'or, la primera aconseguida per un genet soviètic.

Filàtov va començar a competir en proves d'equitació als 27 anys, mentre servia a l'exèrcit soviètic. Durant la seva carrera esportiva va prendre part en tres edicions dels Jocs Olímpics d'Estiu. El 1956, als Jocs de Melbourne, va disputar dues proves del programa d'hípica. Fou quart en la prova de doma per equips i onzè en la de doma individual. Quatre anys més tard, als Jocs de Roma, guanyà la medalla d'or en la prova de doma individual amb el cavall Absent. La tercera i darrera participació en uns Jocs fou el 1964, on disputà dues proves del programa d'hípica. En ambdues, la doma individual i la doma per equips, amb el cavall  Absent, va guanyar la medalla de bronze.

Es va retirar després de no classificar-se per als Jocs Olímpics de 1968 i posteriorment va obrir la seva escola d'equitació personal a Moscou. En el seu palmarès també destaquen vuit campionats nacionals, el 1954 i de 1957 a 1963.

Referències

Medallistes soviètics als Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1960
Medallistes soviètics als Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1964
Esportistes soviètics als Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1956
Esportistes soviètics
Esportistes russos
Genets europeus
Morts a Moscou
Persones de la província de Tambov
Receptors de l'Orde de la Bandera Roja del Treball

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The FASS Undergraduate Summer Research Internship program is now accepting applications for Summer 2019. This initiative invites students to submit a research proposal for a project that they wish to work on during the summer of 2019 in collaboration with a permanent faculty member in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. The 1-page research proposal must be supported by a statement from the faculty member who will be supervising the project.
Student proposals must be clearly distinct from the faculty member's ongoing research program. Students should also submit their resume, a copy of their audit, and a 1-page cover letter, setting out the project they would like to research and what skills and experiences they hope to gain through this program.
To be eligible, students must have completed at least 2ndyear of their undergraduate program, have a minimum CGPA of 8.0 and be taking a program and/or a major in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Students who are graduating in June 2019 are also eligible.
Students cannot hold two funded positions in different faculties, and students can only hold this internship once during their undergraduate degree.
Students will receive a stipend of $7500 (including 4% vacation pay) over the course of the summer. The expectation is that the research project undertaken will constitute a full-time position during the summer term.
In Fall 2019, students will present their completed research projects at a FASS reception held in their honour, and provide a 500 word summary of the research, to be posted on the FASS website.
Applications should be sent in one file via email to the Associate Dean (Student Affairs), Anne Bowker anne.bowker@carleton.ca, copying Allyson Buchanan-Watson (allyson.buchananwatson@carleton.ca by March 11, 2019.
Successful applicants will be notified by the end of March 2019.


On behalf of the organising committee, we are delighted to invite your organisation to support the 2018 NZ Arb conference. A variety of sponsorship opportunities are available at the Conference. We would also like to discuss any new proposals you may wish to put forward. The Committee is happy to negotiate a package that will be of maximum benefit to your company and the Conference.
The Organising Committee anticipate 200+ delegates to attend the 2018 conference from among the Arboriculture industry.
Support of the conference and exhibition will provide your organisation with a number of key benefits.
Exposure to a qualified, relevant and influential audience before, during and after the event.
Networking opportunities during the conference to promote your organisation's products and services directly to key decision makers.
A variety of sponsorship packages are being offered, please contact Nicki van Asch at On-Cue Conferences to discuss supporting the conference.
"Don't miss out on your opportunity to support existing clients, grow brand loyalty, develop product awareness and boost sales"


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Opposition leader calls on the West to support democratic transition in Egypt
April 29, 2019 at 2:10 pm | Published in: Africa, Egypt, News
Ayman Abd El Aziz Nour, an Egyptian politician [Gigi Ibrahim/Wikipedia]
The leader of Egypt's opposition Al-Ghad Party, Dr Ayman Nour, has called on Western countries to support democratic change in Egypt.
In an article published in the Washington Post, former presidential candidate Nour said that Egypt fell on Tuesday into a constitutional crisis after the government of President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi announced that a majority of Egyptians approved constitutional changes. The figure of nearly 90 support during a three-day referendum held on 19-21 April was announced despite clear signs that the results were manipulated.
Dr Nour added that not long after the results were made public, Al-Sisi declared that he will renew the state of emergency for another three months. The President of the Republic, alleged Nour, has repeatedly found excuses not to end the emergency, in order to silence the opposition.
READ: Egypt extends state of emergency for additional 3 months
He also accused Al-Sisi of falsifying the Presidential elections results as well as the referendum by suppressing the opposition campaigns against the constitutional amendments and blocking nearly 34,000 websites via which the Egyptian people could have signed a petition rejecting the proposed changes. Nour insisted that the voter turnout announced by the government were inaccurate, claiming that the true turnout was less than 7 per cent within Egypt and no more than 2.5 per cent abroad.
The opposition leader concluded by reminding the West that it risks the stability of the most overcrowded countries in the Arab world, pointing out that the same forces that preceded the fall of President Hosni Mubarak exist today. "Instead of waiting for change," he added, "the West must now seek a democratic future for Egypt, for the sake of Egypt as well as the rest of the world."
AfricaEgyptNews


Precision cuts and a no-nonsense block typeface come together for Sawmill, a precision athletic display typeface; the perfect font for someone who likes to measure twice and cut once. Available in 3 varieties, Sawmill features regular, stencil, and inline options.
Sawmill fits a variety of uses where precision and impact are needed. From beer bottles to billboards, posters to packaging, Sawmill is a great choice when you need to add some sharpness and impact to your project.
Sawmill fits a variety of uses where you need to measure twice and cut once." From bus wraps to book covers, posters to packaging, Sea Dog is a great choice when you need to add some hard-working grit and a 'roll up your sleeves' attitude to your project.
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How to track Avianca Cargo air cargo?
You can track Avianca Cargo shipments by air waybill document number (AWB). Avianca Cargo AWB starts with airline prefix '247' followed by eight digits. For example, 247-12345675.


Southdown Strings Sessions – new music and mental health project starts June!
Our new ten-week programme, for anyone with a mental health issue, starts in central Brighton on 11th June '14: come along and join in – it's free and we provide the instruments!
Always wanted to play a stringed instrument? Now you can! If you can place a finger on a string then you can enjoy playing as part of the Southdown Strings Sessions.
Playing an instrument in a group helps us relax and focus – it also keeps our fingers supple. Bowed string instruments are very versatile, as well as having a beautiful sound. In the group we play familiar melodies as well as creating our own.
The sessions are run by Southdown Recovery Services in partnership with Open Strings Music CIC, and facilitated by professional cellist and Goldsmiths-trained music leader Isabel Emerson.


Destination Illinois - Travel Nursing Jobs | Advanced Inc.
Bustling Chicago or suburban cities—whatever your style—there are plenty of travel nursing jobs in one of the many cities in the state of Illinois. Illinois is nicknamed "the Prairie State," because of its farmland, forests, rolling hills and wetlands, and don't forget the lakes! Chicago, one of the biggest cities in the U.S. is located right on beautiful Lake Michigan.
If you love big cities, you'll love Metropolitan Chicago.
Television shows like Chicago Med may portray the life of a nurse or doctor in Illinois' largest city—but you'll know once you go—there's no mimicking the realness you'll experience here. When you're not in one of the city's many hospitals or facilities, you'll love all of the attractions, restaurants, museums, and more. If this will be your first time living in a big city, you'll be in awe skyscrapers such as the John Hancock Center, Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower), or Tribune Tower.
You're a city slicker now.
Small town Galena located in Northwest Illinois brings all the charm with well-preserved 19th-century buildings, quant shops, and all around charisma only found in movies. There's a lot of history to be discovered, such as the Ulysses S. Grant Home, which was a gift from local citizens to the Civil War general who later became our U.S. president.
The home of Abraham Lincoln from 1837 until 1861, Springfield, is the largest city in Central Illinois. In Springfield, you'll find the Lincoln Tomb is the final resting place of our 16th president, the old state capitol, the Illinois State Museum, and many more historically significant sights.
Does Illinois sound like your perfect destination? We can help you get there! Search these current nursing jobs in the state of Illinois or contact us now to speak to a recruiter about your travel assignment.


text:
Review: The Family
by Fabien Lemercier
17/12/2021 - Fabien Gorgeart delivers a remarkable, lively, moving, sensitive and highly accurate melodrama on filial feelings and our complex views over what makes a child happy
"He's going to need help understanding that he'll have a real place from hereon in." For a six-year-old boy, a clear parental referent and a loving home are as essential as the simple desire to have fun or even bicker with one's siblings. But for Simon, the touching little man playing the lead in Fabien Gorgeart's exciting work The Family - which was screened at the 13th Les Arcs Film Festival ahead of its release in France (happening on 16 February via Le Pacte) and which has already scooped a raft of awards (including the Jury Prize and the Valois for Best Actress at the Angoulême French-Language Film Festival, as well as the Bayard for Best Acting Performance in Namur) following various premières on the festival circuit - such emotional equations are far more complicated than usual to calculate. Because, when the past resurfaces, you have to know how to chase ghosts away and agree on a common truth in order to find a healthy way forwards, and it's the adults who are responsible for this. But the emotions of the latter are no easier to define or to control than those of the children's they're looking after, given how abundant but also how hard to channel, their love and good intentions are.
The existence led by Anna (Mélanie Thierry) and Driss's (Lyes Salem) little family is nonetheless a joyous one. They live on a housing estate where their three young children - Adrien (Idriss Laurentin-Khelifi), Jules (Basile Violette) and our newest addition Simon (Gabriel Pavie), who's pampered and wrapped in cotton wool by his mother - cavort and frolic like fish in water. But in a Children's Welfare office, the curtain is about to come down on this artificial paradise: "Eddy (Félix Moati) has written to the judge to inform him he wants his son to come home and live with him." In fact, Simon (who is fully aware of his situation, in so far as his young age and its emotional limitations allow him to understand the legal obligations and procedures adults are forced to comply with) was placed with Anna and Driss when he was 18 months old, following his mother's death and the spiralling depression of his father who now seems, more or less, to be back on his feet. An access order is subsequently granted for his father to take him out for the day and to have him stay with him on weekends and during holidays. But it come as a hard blow for Anna, in spite of her professionalism and willingness to respect the rules and the process involved. Between her deep love for this endearing child who calls her "mum", her profound doubts over what would be best for Simon and the imbalance this announcement of a possible future separation causes within the family, the young woman starts to waver…
Exploring the grey zone between attachment and the filial bond with great finesse, Fabien Gorgeart (who also wrote the screenplay) crafts a remarkable, sensitive, humanist and straightforwardly empathic melodrama (with the help of talented director of photography Julien Hirsch), which oscillates, in ideal fashion, between light-heartedness and gravity, slowly edging towards thriller territory and allowing all of the characters their very own place in the compelling mosaic of this extended family. The entire cast is perfect, with a very special mention clearly going to Mélanie Thierry whose subtle expressiveness comes through throughout the film, and whose composure slowly begins to crack in the poignant mirror of total love, grappling with the full knowledge "that there's not just one way of getting things right".
The Family is produced by Deuxième Ligne Films and Petit Film, and sold worldwide by Le Pacte.
(Translated from French)
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more about: The Family
The UniFrance Film Meetings are hosting 55 market premieres
Paris is playing host to 250 foreign buyers who have travelled to the capital in person to discover the French titles currently gracing French sales agents' books, and future works too
12/01/2022 | Industry | Market | France
Fabien Gorgeart delivers a remarkable, lively, moving, sensitive and highly accurate melodrama on filial feelings and our complex views over what makes a child happy
17/12/2021 | Les Arcs 2021
Les Arcs Film Festival to showcase the best of European cinema
The festival has unveiled the tantalising line-up of its 13th edition, which will unspool 11 – 18 December with Michel Hazanavicius at the head of the jury
The Fam triumphs at the Namur International French-Language Film Festival
The Frédéric Baillif film won the Bayard d'Or as well as the Agnès prize at the 36th edition of the event
11/10/2021 | Namur 2021 | Awards
The Arras Film Festival takes flight once again
The 22nd edition of the event will unspool between 5 and 14 November, with over 100 films on the agenda and a myriad of artists in attendance
08/10/2021 | Arras 2021
The 36th Namur International French-Language Film Festival boasts a jam-packed programme
This edition will be opened and closed by two festival regulars: Joachim Lafosse (with The Restless) and Catherine Corsini (with The Divide)
17/09/2021 | Namur 2021
Fabien Gorgeart is filming La Vraie Famille
Mélanie Thierry, Lyes Salem and Félix Moati head the cast of the director's second feature, produced by Deuxième Ligne Films and Petit Film, and sold internationally by Le Pacte
23/11/2020 | Production | Funding | France
Films / Reviews – Belgium
Films / Reviews – France
Films / Reviews – France/Canada/Senegal
Review: Mali Twist
Films / Reviews – Italy
Review: 7 donne e un mistero
Review: After a Revolution
Films / Reviews – Poland
Review: Judges Under Pressure
international title: The Family
original title: La Vraie Famille
sales agent: Le Pacte
directed by: Fabien Gorgeart
screenplay: Fabien Gorgeart
cast: Mélanie Thierry, Lyes Salem, Félix Moati
full film profile
Gender Equality, Diversity and Inclusion – 12/01/2022
Women still represent less than 25% of European film directors, as revealed by a European Audiovisual Observatory report
The study shows that the gender gap is less pronounced among producers, lead actors and screenwriters, whilst female DoPs and composers struggle to reach 10% of the continent's audiovisual workforce
Film Festival Trends
As the world faces uncertainty during this new phase of the pandemic and industry events struggle to take place in a physical format, Cineuropa continues to keep a close eye on the most recent developments in the European audiovisual sector and provide extensive coverage of the most highly anticipated festivals, including Sundance, Rotterdam, Göteborg and, of course, the Berlinale. Read our latest stories here.
Distribution, Exhibition and Streaming – 17/01/2022
The new figures disclosed by Mediavision show that the streaming giant is now back in the region's top three, with an average household penetration of just below 20%
Film Festival Trends – 13/01/2022


Streaming audio recordings are available below.
For information about the ministry of Keith and Kristyn Getty, click here.
Featuring "Jesus, Joy of the Highest Heaven" for children's voices and Adult women. This song was the #1 charting Inspirational Christmas song in 2011 in Christian radio.
Orchestrated by J.A.C. Redford, acclaimed writer of concert music, chamber music, and film and television scores. Among his credits is the music for THE TRIP TO BOUNTIFUL, THE LITTLE MERMAID, THE IRON LADY, THE HELP, THE PERFECT STORM, and Pixar's WALL-E.
This publication is a mini-collection of choral arrangements of five selected songs from the 2011 Christmas recording by Keith & Kristyn Getty, JOY: AN IRISH CHRISTMAS. These particular selections not only adapt well to choral performance but they also textually and musically lend themselves to unique programming moments that one often needs in a Christmas concert, program or service. Following is a brief description of each of the songs.
FULLNESS OF GRACE -- This song is written by Keith, Kristyn, and Stuart Townend. Although this lyric contextually fits within the Christmas season, throughout the verses it describes God's plan of salvation through Jesus Christ, and the hope we claim as followers of Christ. As you consider finding 'the place' to insert this in your service, look for that moment where, in very simplistic terms, you want to forthrightly present 'the reason for the season.' The warmth of the music and the depth of the lyric will certainly provide that for you.
JESUS, JOY OF THE HIGHEST HEAVEN -- Written by Keith and Kristyn, this song is presented as a 'Children's Carol.' Although this 2-part 'treble voice' arrangement is recorded with children's voices, it can just as easily be performed by Women's voices (Soprano/Alto), or even a combination of women and children. Performance notes are provided to offer suggestions of its flexibility. So, as with the other pieces in this collection, it can be used to fit your particular programming needs. Lyrically, it is a prayer that as we look upon the baby Jesus, we may also learn to live as a child of God.
O SAVIOR OF OUR FALLEN RACE -- This 6th Century lyric, translated by Gilbert E. Doan, Jr. and adapted by Kristy Getty, is paired with a new hymn tune by Keith Getty. Keith has named the hymn tune, STAM, in memory of his longtime friend and mentor, Carl "Chip" Stam. Arranged and orchestrated by concert, chamber music, choral music, and film score composer J.A.C. Redford, this hymn evokes the grand nature of this prayer of adoration and petition for God to reveal Himself to us this Christmas day. Not only is this piece appropriate for your Christmas Sunday morning service, but also as a dramatic pinnacle in one's Christmas program. For more information on J.A.C. Redford and his work, visit his website at www.jacredford.com.
MAGNIFICAT (MY SOUL WILL MAGNIFY THE LORD) -- This solo with choral background of the song written by Keith, Kristyn and Stuart Townend is arranged by noted Irish choral writer/arranger, Michael McGlynn. McGlynn is the founder, musical director and manager of Ireland's National Choir, Anuna. This arrangement reflects Mary's feelings as expressed in the scripture, Luke 1:46-55. It provides for several musical or programmatic opportunities in a Christmas presentation, in which a Mary character sings a soliloquy. For more information on Anuna, Michael McGlynn, or his writings, visit their websites at www.anuna.ie and www.michaelmcglynn.com.
AN IRISH CHRISTMAS BLESSING -- As this song closes Keith and Kristyn's recording, it would be equally fitting for an end to your Christmas service or presentation. It can serve as a choral benediction, or a musical setting before a Closing prayer, for several weeks before and after Christmas. We have also provided an alternative lyric to the last line of the song to allow its use as a non-seasonal blessing or benediction. Both versions are offered on the Accompaniment Track as well.


More and more people are saying we're in the midst of a "Fourth Industrial Revolution." They're probably right. Problem is, we're still getting the hang of the first three.
The first industrial revolution came not with a bang, but a slow crescendo of water and steam. A bunch of newly-literate capitalists, experimenters, and entrepreneurs invented and hacked stuff to improve productivity. They didn't always understand why it worked, but they knew when it did. They harnessed water, steam, and coal. They designed machines to do what only hands had done and only guilds had allowed. They made the first machines that made machines. A world of magic was transforming to a world of increasing rationality. Artisanal economies became industrialized. Products were improved and standardized through systems of factory production. Productive outputs increased by orders of magnitude. The world got bigger.
The second industrial revolution brought more and better. Now they had instruction manuals. Scientific method didn't only explain why things worked, but revealed why something else might work better, and what to try next. Science brought unprecedented speed and precision. Amateurs became engineers. Philosophers became scientists. Now there was steel, oil, gas, chemistry, fertilizers, road, rail, trains, internal combustion, germ theory, sanitation, the electron. Just as the printing press preserved and increasingly democratized information, telecommunications began to transmit it faster than physical objects could move. Something new was coming about: an early version of mass society more similar to how we live today than to how humans had lived at any time before. The world got smaller, but more people could live there. Then as now, they might have lived better if they could dispense with all the tribalism.
The third revolution was an explosion of vacuum tubes and silicon. The first two revolutions brought incredible physical change, but couldn't have happened without better ways to store and transfer information. Now, we had a whole revolution about the information itself. Everything analyzed, optimized, miniaturized. Knowledge acceleration continually wrought by increasingly efficient data-driven research and development. Mass industry joined with telecommunications and computing. Integrated logistical infrastructures operating on an efficient knife-edge of complex interdependence. Increasing volumes of information at the disposal of increasing numbers of people. Rapid diffusion of knowledge, innovations by people and institutions large and small. Knowledge economies, the digital revolution, machine learning, Moore's Law, the Betamax. Creative destruction? There's an app for that.
But there was still something missing. Industrialization placed formerly-artisanal products into the maws of economies of scale. All this stuff is made in factories now, everybody knows that. Governments knew that too. Modern bureaucracy is made possible by efficiencies in information, but it also reflects how stuff is physically made. Effective government needs hearts and minds, but a great deal of modern government is still based on tracking and controlling physical reality. When almost everything comes from factories, it is only natural to control social phenomena by controlling the physical distribution of goods. Factories are run by businesspeople, and businesspeople can be regulated, taxed, rewarded, and punished. It's a lot easier to keep track of things when you know what those things are, who is making them, where they are made, where they go, and who is getting paid.
The fourth revolution democratizes physical production the way the digital revolution democratized information. There were always people capable of making factory-quality stuff, but it was harder and you needed more money, skill, or time. Now, tools are cheaper. Precision digital production is increasingly within the reach of laypeople. Information on how to build stuff and what can be built circulates freely. Design is becoming more approachable. New designs are constantly developed and tested. This is the neo-artisanal moment, the beginning of the end for mass industry's monopoly on making stuff. Sure, they still do it biggest and best. Factory production will continue to dominate mainstream economies. Yet, an increasing number of people will be able to make an increasing variety of things, and they will be able to make these things at a level of sophistication previously reserved for governments and major manufacturers. Sooner or later there will be a tipping point. Eventually we'll all have to agree that this is kind of a big deal.
The benefits are coming so quickly that they can hardly be forecasted. Doctors are 3D printing skin grafts, cartilage, bones, surgical tools, dental implants, blood vessels, prosthetic limbs, and medical practice models. 3D printed drugs are on the market. School districts, colleges, and public libraries are re-booting the long-neglected shop class by purchasing digital production tools and setting up educational makerspaces. Manufacturers increasingly stock factory floors with digital CNC machines. Researchers and industrial designers develop prototypes on-the-spot with digital production tools. Aerospace firms make high-precision components with sophisticated 3D printers. The legitimate firearms and defense industries are just starting to whet their appetites. Archeologists reproduce ancient artifacts like they were made yesterday. Mechanics will make many parts instead of waiting for delivery. Home consumers and DIYers can design and make a rapidly-widening array of objects with fewer limits than ever before. The democratization of design and production is some new incarnation of Moore's Law in physical space. Applications will widen, and capabilities will accelerate. The benefits will become so great that we'd be loath to compromise them.
But there is also risk. The difficult yet optimistic journey of human progress has always had its amoral free-riders. Criminals, extremists, and other malicious actors can make stuff too. Some of them are pretty good at it.
If you can make auto parts, you can make guns. If you can do chemistry, you can probably make drugs or explosives. Need to smuggle those drugs or create a platform for your explosive payload? You can use a dizzying variety of DIY techniques to do it. If you're handy with a 3D printer and open source hardware, you can make your own drones or electronics. Smuggling, crime, war: the physical manifestations of human vice are also becoming more approachable, more adaptive. Daesh makes stuff. The Gulf Cartel makes stuff. Organized crime makes stuff. The illegal makers and traffickers piggyback on this great convergence of neo-liberal trade, technology diffusion, and the industrialized plenty of globalization. Are these brand new problems or old problems in new clothes? Smart people talk about "technology-enabled crime," "technocrime," or other neologisms that sound kind of cool and scary. What they're really talking about is the inevitable criminal adoption of post-industrial methods. As you read this, they're out there constantly re-booting old crimes and coming up with a few new ones too.
We should be afraid, right? Shouldn't we make a law? Should we regulate and track tools to ensure no one can use them for criminal purposes? Should we force every 3D printer, CNC machine, and workshop to be networked and monitored? Should we require background checks or registries to possess certain shop equipment? Should we encourage companies to put controls on their tools so people can't use them to make illegal objects, or break copyright, or make other stuff somebody doesn't like? Should we track who is sending and receiving certain design files? Should we monitor or ban certain products if they can be illegally repurposed? Should we search everyone's digital devices to make sure they aren't smuggling forbidden designs? Should we make it a crime to have the design for an illegal item even if the item isn't actually built? If something is legal here but illegal there, should we ban the sharing of information to protect civilized societies from cross-contamination? In other words, should we securitize the act of production itself from fear that some small number among us will use it to destroy rather than create?
This is the most comfortable, peaceful, and stable era yet in the history of the human species. We citizens of the developed world expect our governments to provide perfect safety and perfect security. Most of us don't want to sacrifice anything. Some of us don't even like being reminded that things have cost. We want freedom without danger. We want to believe we can ban things and they'll go away, we can regulate things and the regulations will be followed, we can monitor things and nothing will slip through the net, we can build a wall and keep out everything we choose to fear. We want to believe that our laws will map perfectly to reality– that the experts thought of everything. We don't like being reminded that controlling physical space is rarely enough, that the real battlespace is psychological. The real struggle is to make a better world, not to take all the sharp objects out of the monkey house and hope for the best. We don't like to admit that peace and security are human goods with human origins and human resolutions. Deeper solutions to the complex problems of humanity are a lot harder than catching 10% of smuggled contraband and calling it a day.
And we don't like being reminded that our protectors are imperfect human beings doing their best with the resources they have. We want to believe that 20th century political and policing institutions can secure us against every possible misuse of 21st century technology. We want to believe that we can purchase absolute security in a post-industrial age. Are we prepared for the sticker-shock? Are we prepared for the rapidly-increasing costs that perfect security demands of us? What it would take to perfectly secure a growing world of 7.5 billion, where more and more people can make things? We want to believe that the imperfect control we already have will somehow translate to better control in the future, and perfection won't cost us anything that we'll miss. We want to believe we can secure this world without fundamentally changing free society, or changing what it is to be a citizen, or human. We want to believe we won't have to think about it too much. We are foolish to expect any of this.
If drugs are easy to make, the "War on Drugs" becomes an ever-lost war on human ingenuity. If guns are easy to make, orthodox gun control loses most of its major tools. If high quality disguises, fake fingerprints, and fake documents become easy to make, what will we do with all these CCTV cameras and biometric authentication systems? If industrial goods, luxury products, art, electronics, and currencies become easier to counterfeit, how will legitimate industries adjust? If cartels already smuggle contraband with airplanes, tunnels, drones, submarines, and customized cars, what will we do with our modern great walls? Should we secure … everything? Prisons are the most physically controlled environment society maintains. At least there are no drugs or weapons there, right?
If we demand that the modern state shelter us from all possible harms of new technologies, what we are really demanding is that technologic development be slowed to a pace that human policing and political institutions can effectively intermediate. Perhaps within a few decades, technology will reveal enough self-evident danger that this bargain will seem less like an end to what we knew as free society, and more like commonsense sacrifice to preserve the best of it. Perhaps we'll settle for some decent co-efficient between imposing controls to prevent the worst possible outcomes, and maintaining freedom to pursue the best. First, we'd need to figure out what that co-efficient is. Or, perhaps we can reshape our security thinking, our political discourse, our institutions, and our social attitudes so we no longer need to fear every new and unpredictable danger of technology, nor even the old dangers technology first brought us centuries and millennia ago. Perhaps we can strike a new bargain between individuals, technology, state, and society. We must all decide what innovation, freedom, and security will mean to us in the post-industrial social contract.
A new bargain will necessarily involve some physical control, and some surveillance. These components of security and government cannot be jettisoned, but in post-industrial society they can only take us so far. A new bargain will require willingness to honestly place risks and harms in context, and to accept some danger. It will require focus on the underlying human motivations behind behavior, rather than the superficial methods humans select to secure their ends. It will require us to make a world not perfect, but good enough that those who would leverage technology to disrupt the most peaceful era of history will always remain sufficiently few, and sufficiently isolated, that we do not need ever-expanding control systems to hold them at the gates.


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This DLNA certified Sony Ericsson Vivaz Pro Smartphone is powered by 720 MHz processor, PowerVR SGX graphics card, 70MB internal memory and Symbian S60 5th edition operating system. It features touch interface, advanced smile detection technology, IEEE802.11b/g Wi-Fi support, instant messaging support, MicroSD card slot with up to 32GB capacity and GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz & UMTS 850/1900/2100 MHz wireless radio frequency. View your memorable pictures or HD videos on a large 3.2" TFT resistive touchscreen with 16.7M color support and 360 x 640 resolution. It comes with Google maps, Facebook & Twitter apps, WMV/RV/MP4/3GP video player, QuickOffice document reader and YouTube & Picasa integration.
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I'm a huge fan of no bake desserts and even more so when those desserts take just FIVE MINUTES to make! That's right, just 5 minutes and 6 ingredients to whip up this amazingly delicious dessert! If you have a budding chef in your kitchen (like my 11 year old daughter), this recipe is perfect! It's so easy to make that even kids can put it together by themselves!
No only it is pretty but dessert tastes fabulous, similar to an ambrosia salad without coconut! It is essential to use lemon juice in this recipe as it thickens the mixture. If you substitute the lemon juice your pie won't set up.
I'm a huge fan of no bake desserts and even more so when those desserts take just FIVE MINUTES to make!
In a bowl, whisk together condensed milk and lemon juice.
Fold in remaining ingredients. Heap filling into the pie crust and refrgerate 4 hours or overnight.


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I can't believe that we're already at Blogmas Day 16!
So… today's post was inspired by current events – particularly the tragedy that happened at a Pakistan school earlier today.
When something that unfathomably tragic happens anywhere in this crazy world, it can shake you up. My mind is brought right to those poor, innocent, children – so undeserving of that violence. The students, educators, bystanders, all 140+ of them. How terrifying for them. How terrifying for our world. It's an actual nightmare.
I recently saw a Buzzfeed post "26 Pictures That Will Make You Re-Evaluate Your Entire Existence" that had my brain spinning! You must check it out – it really puts your physical life into perspective.
We are ALL living on this spec of a planet and while it's fascinating, incredible, and totally mind-blowing what we've made of it – it's also SO unbelievable what kind of hate and violence brews on it. THIS IS LITERALLY ALL WE HAVE.
Why do people feel the need to do such hurtful things to others? Why do people feel the need to commit such heinous crimes? Why do people feel that they are better, more powerful, more important than ANYONE ELSE?! The amount of irrelevancy that our lives hold in comparison to this universe…in the GRAND scheme of things, blows my mind. You, me, this… everything you've ever known could be gone in a second. We are THAT small.
Of course there are many things, passions, and people in our lives that we care about. They're what feeds us. Whether it be family, friends, careers, religion, etc. we all have something that we would give anything for. And that's the beauty of being an individual. It's wonderful. However, it's so important to respect the things, passions, and persons in the lives of others. We must not try to push, convert, undermine, or intentionally harm them. If only we could all just be. Because at the end of the day – we are all we have, all we know. There are things out there that are much bigger than all of us. Than everyone on this entire earth combined. We are ALL on that little spec and we should all want to protect it, and each other – to the best of our ability.
I know this became kind of a downer post, but that horrible news got my mind stirring today. I felt uncomfortable blogging about wrapping paper or nailpolish or Christmas gifts or movies or anything else that is so incredibly fun, fabulous, and festive – but, ultimately irrelevant in life ha.
I hope that everyone has a great night & takes a moment to appreciate the good things, the important things. There is so much to be grateful for.