text:
VC fall gardens.jpg
A public garden for aesthetics, education, conservation and community service
At the core of Meadowlark is a wonderful public garden; a pleasure garden for strolling and relaxing, a center for environmental and horticultural education, an outdoor classroom for thousands of public school children, a botanical garden with large ornamental and native plant collections, an exceptional open space endowed by the aesthetic magnitude of Virginia's rolling Piedmont. Three lakes provide serene views while neatly tended forest gardens harbor thousands of plants from across the temperate world. Meadowlark is a bold, yet intimate space. Quiet and insulated from urbanity, but replete with nature's bounty; birds sing, cherry trees bloom, frogs jump, Koi swim intently and dozens of turtles bask in the mid-day sun. Close by, a Great Blue Heron stalks minnows in a bed of emerging waterlillies.
Each season brings an entirely different effect to the garden. The depths of winter provide a time for walking as the gardens lie under neatly mulched beds. Leafless trees beckon on a remote trail framed in grey bark. The lakes often freeze then thaw creating sinuous textures of ice and water. Spring reveals the profound beauty of temperate landscapes. Thousands of different bulbs bloom while migrating birds visit on flights north; the journey embedded in their genes from ancestors on the wing. Large colorful tulips accent the Visitor Center while delicate fern fiddle heads unravel in the distant shade. Within a short walk, an intimate forest hollow fosters native ephemeral wildflowers in the spring's warming sun.
Summer is riot of color and texture. Koi swim in Lake Caroline as if parading their gem-like scales among the snapping turtles with decades of filamentous algae streaming from arching shells. Peonies scent the air with ancient flowers of immense proportion. Thousands of tropical species grow with abandon in Virginia's hot humid air. In July the daylillies provide an elaborate show of unequaled pastel-like color. Late in the season the entire garden embodies the sub-tropical summer in a veil of intimate greenery. Ultimately, fall arrives with celebratory colors and ever-welcome cool temperatures. Hickories and tulip poplars dabbled in yellow standout among the tawny oaks as maples add red to the fall palette. Differing capsules, fruits and gourds mature and remind us of the remarkable architecture in nature. Native persimmons dangle gently, awaiting the first frost.
Meadowlark is a garden for all seasons. An emotive open space carefully tended to enhance and conserve nature. It can only be appreciated fully when one steps into its embrace. It's a Garden for education, conservation aesthetics and community.
Horticulture tour.jpeg
March & April- Daffodils, Bulbs, Tulips, Magnolias, Flowering Cherries, Potomac Valley Native Wildflowers, Rock Garden, Conifers Collection, Lenten Rose. Check out the Daffodils near the Woods Gazebo and Lake Carolyn Irises & Cherry Trees.
May- Scillas, Azaleas, Rhododendron, Dogwoods, Lilacs, Siberian Irises, Bradford Pears, Flowering Plums, Butterfly Garden, Crab Apples, White Garden, Tulips, Potomac Valley Native Wildflowers, Peonies, Alliums and Flowering shrubs. Don't miss the White Garden near the Atrium & Peonies behind Lake Carolyn.
June- Hosta Garden, Hydrangeas, Herb Garden, Daylilies, Wildflower Meadow, White Garden, Butterfly Garden, Native and Non-Native ferns, Alliums, Perennials. Take a moment to enjoy the lush shade and serenity of the Hosta Garden.
July & August- Hosta Garden, Herb Garden, Perennial Garden, Butterfly Garden, White Garden, Bold Garden, Salvia Collection, Hydrangeas, Container Plantings, Crepe Myrtles, Ferns & Fern Allies, Annual Plantings, Aquatic Plants, Grasses. Stroll through the Potomac Valley Collection to see the diversity of native plants and experience the seclusion of a mature hardwood forest.
September- Hosta Garden, Herb Garden, Ferns, Butterfly Garden, Container Plantings, Grasses, Chrysanthemums, Annuals, Salvia, Early Fall Color, Cancer Garden. Walk out to the Salvia & Herb Gardens for a real sensory treat.
October- Chrysanthemums, Grasses, Conifers, Pansies, Perennials, Virginia Native Trees, Fruits on Native and Ornamental Trees & Shrubs, Salvias, Fall Color Peak. See the Salvia Peak and Hike the mulched nature trails to experience great Fall colors.
November thru February- Conifer Garden, Hollies, Grasses, Lenten Roses, Indoor Plantings, Red Twig & Yellow Twig Dogwood, Heaths, Nandinas. Escape the winter chill inside the Atrium Gardens or take brisk a hike and then drop by the Visitor Center fire place to warm up.
Meadowlark pine cone.jpg
Reel thing 2018.jpg
You'll find different sculptures around the garden and concentrated near the beginning of the Native Tree Trail. Artists from around the country exhibit with Meadowlark as part of our ongoing Art Naturally Exhibit. This is a changing exhibit with various sculptures rotating in and out of the garden. A few permanent donated pieces are on exhibit as well.
MORE THAN A BEAUTIFUL PLACE: CONSERVING REGIONAL PLANT DIVERSITY
Meadowlark has created three distinct native plant collections in support of the International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation. The largest of these is the Potomac Valley Collection (PVC). PVC development is based on biogeography and floristic composition within the Potomac River basin. Alternatively, the Virginia Native Tree Collection (VNT) and the Virginia Native Wetland collection (VNW) include species that occur within the state as a political unit.
Virginia is topographically and floristically diverse. The Appalachian Mountains in the southwest region of the state reach elevations of 1600 meters. Many other peaks in the west are more than 1200 meters high.
West to east the state traverses six distinct geographic regions. These include the Appalachian Highlands, Valley and Ridge, Shenandoah Valley, Blue Ridge, Piedmont and Coastal Plain. The Coastal Plain embodies much of the Chesapeake Bay and reaches the Atlantic Ocean further east. The entire state is located between 40' & 36' North and 74' & 83' West. In Takhtajan's Floristic Regions of the World, Virginia occupies the Appalachian Province and the northern tip of the Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plain Province. Virginia is a state where bromeliads reach their most northerly distribution, cacti adorn beach dunes, endemic birches are found and northern spruce forests dominate the highest mountains. It is also a state in need of both in situ and ex situ conservation. A principal goal of these collections is to educate the public about the connection between garden conservation collections and saving plants in the wild.
The Virginia Native Wetland (VNW)
This collection is located in and around a small wetland called Lake Lena at the lowest elevation in the Gardens. The native biota of Lake Lena is an ideal classroom for educational programs focused on Virginia's native wetlands and the need for conservation. No horticultural selections are used in this collection. Conservation work began in 1999. Several native trees were already established on the site when the boardwalk was installed adjacent to the lake over twenty years ago. Among these are numerous bald cypress trees. These trees have grown well and developed their trademark "knees" on the water's edge. Sycamore, black gum, river birch, willow and sweet gum also grow in the area. Many of Virginia's most southerly wetland shrubs and wildflowers are on exhibit here.
Lake Lena is a place of solitude in the garden … a place where native plant horticulture and habitat conservation blend to create a naturalized wetland. Aquatic native plants such as pickerelweed, native fragrant water lilies, arrowhead and sweet flag flourish in summer's humidity. On the lake shore, pitcher plants, red and blue cardinal flower and blue flag iris, souring rush (Equisetum) mingle with aromatic bayberries. Many wide spread wetland species are naturalizing around the lake, including cattails and numerous native sedges. Cyperus and Carex represent two particularly specious genera.
Lake Lena also provides habitat for aquatic animals and birds. Several species of turtles, northern water snakes and native frogs inhabit the area. Many native fish and aquatic insects coexist with the plants. Wading birds frequent the lake. Great blue herons, green herons and black crowned night herons enjoy secretive hunting on the water's edge. A full assortment of perching birds enjoys the lake too.
The Virginia Native Tree Collection (VNT)
The Virginia Native Tree collection resides in a far corner of the gardens. Here visitors can see some of the State's best native trees for use in the home setting. Several smaller native trees make up a good part of this collection. The fringe trees, native members of the olive family, routinely amaze visitors with their fragrant, strap-like white flowers. In the fall, these trees display a dark blue ovoid drupe. This is an ideal tree for the discerning gardener with a small yard.
Growing close by are several paw paws (Asimina). These handsome little trees are familiar to people who spend time along local rivers where it grows in abundance. The long, broad leaf tapers neatly to a "drip tip," a feature that illustrates its tropical origin as a member of the Annonaceae. When crushed, the leaves have a distinctive odor reminiscent of diesel fuel. The fruit is a large oblong berry with a slightly coriacious green or brown rind. The mesocarp is white and creamy, often described as a mix between apple and banana with large black seeds. Paw paw is widely regarded as Virginia's finest indigenous fruit.
Other trees in this collection include the hop hornbeam, a hazelnut relative with soft shaggy bark. Also from the Corylaceae is the hornbeam or muscle wood. This tree is notable for its extremely hard wood and fine twigs with delicate imbricate buds. Muscle wood is slow growing and, with age, provides a beautiful fluted trunk. Further along the trail, is overcup oak, so named as the imbricate involucre on the acorn covers nearly the entire nut. A tree with highly variable cruciform leaves, it is a good candidate for low, wet sites.
The sweetbay magnolia grows nearby. Found from Massachusetts to Florida, sweetbay magnolia varies in size, attaining much larger stature in the south. In time, sweetbay becomes a handsome yard tree. The early summer flowers are creamy white and very fragrant. Several other native trees are in this collection, which is located below the Hillside gazebo, about a ten-minute walk from the Visitors Center. The VNT is one of the featured collections in our Specimen Tree program.
Potomac Valley Collection.jpg
A summary of native plants cultivated in the Potomac Valley Collection between 1999 and 2019 was verified in coordination with the Ted Bradley Herbarium at George Mason University and can be found at: http://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?clid=5139&emode=0 This Project was funded by The Volgenau Foundation.
Collection Based Education for Conservation
In the United States, avocation gardens are consistently encouraged to use horticulture selections in popular literature and at many public gardens. In Meadowlark conservation collections, horticultural selections are used only in the VNT. We intentionally depart from the relatively strict genetic mandate of the PVC and VNW. This is a specific strategy designed to interest ornamental gardeners in native species through initial use of horticultural selections. The vast majority of native plants in the American nursery trade are selections. Thus, most avocation gardeners are using these horticultural creations without realizing the wild ancestor may be in need of conservation.
Ultimately, we hope to encourage use of native plants in the landscape and educate the public about the often-subtle differences between native species that represent wild populations and horticultural selections. Furthermore, we educate the visiting public and avocational gardeners alike about the ecological and conservation value of native plants in public garden collections and in the landscape at large. Through this decidedly didactic approach, we have created a forum based on living collections that fosters an appreciation for conserving plant diversity to a wider audience.
the potomac valley collection
Meadowlark initiated a new regional native plant conservation program in 1998, in its otherwise largely ornamental collections. Like most native collections, its objective is to foster conservation of native plants and their habitats through public education and display. The administration of the gardens, however, deemed it important that the new collection be highly regionalized in scope. Instead of allowing human abstractions, such as political boundaries, to define the flora of this particular region, we developed a criteria based on biogeographic factors, to define the collection. Regional geology, hydrology, climate and floristics are central to development of the collection. Within this framework, we identified the Potomac River Valley as geographic province that determines which native plants we accession. This collection plays an increasingly important role at Meadowlark Botanical Gardens as our principal conservation initiative in support of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Biogeographic Features of the Potomac Valley
The Potomac Valley encompasses 37,824 square kilometers between 38' and 40' north latitude and 80' and 76' longitude. The watersheds main course flows west to east for 640 kilometers. Twenty major tributaries add another 1,100 kilometers of waterways. The largest of these include the Shenandoah, Monocacy, Cacapon, and Conococheague rivers. Smaller tributaries, mainly in the mountains, combine to make-up 4,300 kilometers of stream corridors. About fifty percent of the watershed is forested.
In global terms, the area falls within Takhtajan's North American Atlantic Floristic Region. The Potomac River traverses five physiographic provinces west to east; these include Allegheny Highlands, Ridge and Valley, Blue Ridge, Piedmont and the Coastal Plain. Each of these regions contains unique plant communities. In some cases, these communities enjoy broad protection in national and state parks. In other areas, plant communities are under siege from urban sprawl, grazing and logging. Takhtajan recognizes almost one hundred taxa as "endemic or nearly endemic" to the North American Atlantic Floristic Region. Many of these taxa are illustrative of the Potomac Valley flora and comprise an important part of our current accession activity.
The Appalachian highlands of the Potomac Valley reach 1400 meters in several locations. Red spruce and northern hardwood forest occupy this region. Several northerly taxa reach their southern limit in the Appalachian Highlands. Within the Ridge and Valley Province, plant communities called shale-barrens support many unique species. Among these are the endemic Phlox buckleyi, Trifolium virginicum and Senecio antennariifolius, to name a few. Further east, in the broad Shenandoah Valley, limestone outcrops support many calcareous cliff-dwelling species. Ferns are of particular interest in this area. One of our region's most unique small shrubs, Cliff Green (Paxistima canbyi), is also at home on these limestone formations.
The eastern portion of the Potomac Valley lies within the foothill-like Piedmont and the alluvial Atlantic Coastal Plain. Vast deciduous forests of white oak, red oak, red maple, American beech and rock oak embrace a diversity of shade-loving lower-canopy trees, shrubs, wildflowers and ferns. Bald cypress trees grow here, very near their natural northern limit. Some areas of the eastern Piedmont and the Coastal Plain are widely developed. The need for conservation of native plant communities in this area is immediate.
Golden Club.png
Combining Existing Resources and Developing New Ones
No flora for the Potomac Valley exist, however, all four states of which the Potomac Valley is a part, now have Floras. This includes Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia and Maryland. We use these four resources, along with topographic maps, geographic information systems and fieldwork to determine species composition and distribution within the watershed. In addition, we consult with various private and government agencies working to conserve plant diversity in all four states. This exchange enables increased communication on both exsitu and insitu conservation projects. Through this process, we are developing new detailed information on the composition, distribution and conservation status of the Potomac Valley plants. Ultimately we intend to develop a database for this information.
The display and interpretation of native species is a central goal of the collection. The collection will provide our staff with the ongoing task of understanding conservation needs of native species throughout the Potomac Valley and interpreting that information to the public through education programs. We will continue to add accessions in accordance with various strategies outlined in International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation and the Darwin Technical Manual both publications of Botanic Gardens Conservation International.
From a programmatic perspective, the Potomac Valley collection is the foundation of our institutional mission centered on aesthetics, conservation, education and community service. Moreover, this collection's development supports Meadowlark's parent agency, the Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority, in conserving and cataloging native species on its own properties, all 4856 hectares of which are in the Potomac Valley.
Objectives for the Potomac Valley Native Plant Collection
Strengthen the existing collection within the fiscal, administrative and curatorial practices of the garden.
Foster an understanding of the aesthetic and ecological value of native plants within the community.
Develop and implement educational programs that focus on native plant horticulture and conservation.
Provide conceptual framework for the public to foster awareness for regional plant conservation with issues such as water quality and ecosystem/habitat conservation.
Facilitate a temporal understanding about the Potomac Valley plant communities by interpreting their natural history.
Raise public awareness about obtaining native plants and discourage wild collecting.
Encourage insitu and exsitu conservation projects throughout the Potomac Valley.
Work in partnership with local universities, museums and other gardens to encourage systematic, ecologic and biogeographic research on Potomac flora.
Establish curatorial and horticultural internship programs working with the Collection.
Illustrate the effects of exotic invasive species on native plant communities.
Propagate stock plants for reintroduction into the wild when deemed appropriate.
Research and assemble criteria to evaluate the collection's impact as a vehicle for conservation and education.
Publications from Meadowlark Staff
Urban Nature Reserves: Stop and Smell the Potential. Parks and Recreation Business Magazine. Summer 2018
The Flora of Virginia. The Virginia Sportsman. Summer, 2017
The Indigenous Landscape. Parks and Recreation Business Magazine. Spring 2016
Solvency Through Diversified Revenue Streams: Lessons from a Small Garden. The Public Garden Vol. 31. 2016
Marketing Field Trips to Underserved Public Schools: An Integrated Approach. Roots: Botanic Gardens Conservation International Education Review. Vol.12 #1. 2013
Meadowlark Botanical Gardens' Korean Bell Pavilion: Creating an Extraordinary New Korean Garden in North America. 2012 The Public Garden. Vol. 27.
Educating for Sustainable Horticulture. Roots: Botanic Gardens Conservation International Education Review. 2010. Vol. 7 # 2.
Fraser's Sedge: A Native with Potential. The American Gardener, Magazine of the American Horticultural Society. 2009. January/ February
Conservation Collections at Meadowlark Botanical Gardens, USA: Supporting the International Agenda and Educating the Public. Botanic Gardens Journal, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, 2005 Vol.2 #2.
Update from the World Botanic Garden Congress. Newsletter of the American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta. 2004
Garden Portrait: Meadowlark Botanical Gardens. 2003. The Public Garden, Vol. 25 # 1
Meadowlark Botanical Gardens: A Biogeographic Native Plant Conservation Project, 2002. Wildflower 18 (3)
A Brief Natural History of Potomac Valley Forests. Dirca, the Newsletter of Meadowlark Botanical Gardens. Vol.3 #2. 2002
New Conservation Initiative at Meadowlark Botanical Gardens USA. Botanic Gardens Conservation International Magazine. 2001. Vol.3 #7.
Meadowlark Botanical Gardens is a Member of:
Botanic Gardens Conservation International
American Horticulture Society
Virginia Native Plant Society


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Home/South O' the Highway/Alec Baldwin Hosts 2015 Long Island Hospitality Ball
Alec Baldwin Hosts 2015 Long Island Hospitality Ball
SOTH Team June 1, 2015
Alec Baldwin with wife Hilaria, Photo: ©PATRICKMCMULLAN.COM
Amagansett actor and philanthropist Alec Baldwin will host the Long Island Hospitality Ball tonight, June 1 at the Crest Hollow Country Club in Woodbury.
Baldwin, who will be joined at the event by his brother and fellow leading man Billy Baldwin, joins the benefit to aid in the fight against breast cancer—the disease that nearly took their mother Carol Baldwin's life. This year's gala will benefit her charity, the Carol M. Baldwin Breast Cancer Research Fund, which was created by its namesake in 1996 after she had a double mastectomy to save her life.
Grateful for her survival, Carol Baldwin worked with family, friends and health professionals to establish her fund to fight and ultimately defeat breast cancer. The Carol M. Baldwin Breast Cancer Research Fund supports both new and established researchers in the field, helping them afford what's necessary to learn more about the disease. To date, the fund has awarded 72 research grants totaling in excess of $4 million to medical research. "Our mission is to find a cure—nothing less," the fund organizers explain.
The Long Island Hospitality Ball was created by hospitality industry mainstay and thyroid cancer survivor Keith Hart as a charity fundraiser showcasing offerings from the region's top local restaurants, wine and spirit brands, nightclubs, entertainers, hotels and catering halls. Last year's gala, in 2014, was attended by a sold out crowd of 2,700 and grossed a little more than $360,000.
Now in its fifth year, the Long Island Hospitality Ball has raised more than $1.1 million for various cancer charities.
The Baldwins, who grew up near Woodbury in Nassau County's Massapequa, lost their father Alexander Baldwin to lung cancer in 1983. Their mother was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1990 and battled it for six years before getting her lifesaving surgery.
Tonight's gala will also benefit Spirits Up, a foundation that funds cancer research at Memorial Sloan Kettering.
The Long Island Hospitality Ball is SOLD OUT. Festivities begin tonight, June 1, at 7 p.m. at the Crest Hollow Country Club (8325 Jericho Turnpike) in Woodbury. For more info, visit longislandhospitalityball.org.
'The New Sincerity' Opening Night at Bay Street
5th Annual ARF Designer Showhouse Cocktail Party & Sale
Westhampton Beach Farmers Market
Westhampton Beach Village Green

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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What a fun book! Toybox Time Machine captures the look and feel of toys of the 1950s thru the 1970s through some great artwork and hilarious characterizations. Much of it consists of parodies of existing products although some of them seem to be all-original. A great addition to my collection of "art" books.


Oh, there was a party in Marrakech at the home of French Maker-of-Beautiful-Objects Laurence London, right in front of the Majorelle Gardens.
Talented friends arrived and settled in.
Then Laurence gave us all presents! Signed prints & CDs!
And then there was delicious food served on Laurence's shimmering mirrored trays!
And platters of cheese from Paris!
Laurence's lights made everything look like magic!
And as if all of that was not enough, we got to play! Laurence had brought glimmery glass tiles from her atelier.
And we made our own little shimmering plaques!
PS So many gorgeous posts on Peacock Pavilions with so many new pictures from our last Moroccan design/shopping retreat! Pls click over and see!
There's this one from Arianna's Interiors Blog.
And this one from Dear Designers Blog.
And this one, too, from the Some Pink flowers Blog.


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SPECIFIC RACEDAY COLOURS ASIDE, THE KEY TO RACING SUITING THIS SEASON IS TO KEEP YOUR SUIT COLOUR OF CHOICE WITHIN THE REALMS OF BLUES, GREYS AND CHECKS.
STYLISH RATHER THAN FLASHY IS THE KEY TO RACEWEAR SUCCESS. WHILE RACEWEAR OFFERS A CHANCE TO LET YOUR STYLE SPEAK FOR ITSELF, AN ELEGANT APPROACH WILL KEEP YOU ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF INDIVIDUALISTIC STYLE. THIS SEASON THE RETURN TO PROMINENCE OF THE DOUBLE-BREASTED AND THREE-PIECE SUIT OFFERS THE PERFECT AVENUE FOR INDIVIDUAL GRANDEUR.
IN RACEWEAR ACCESSORIES ARE key. YOUR COMBINATION OF TIE, POCKET SQUARE, CUFFLINKS AND LAPEL PIN OR ANY COMBINATION THEREOF IS IMPERATIVE TO PUTTING YOUR STYLE STAMP ON THE DAY AND OFFERS AN EASY-TO-ADD POINT OF DIFFERENCE IN COLOUR AND TEXTURE.
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Course Relevance (who should take this course?) All CPCB Ph.D. students are required to take this course (02-702) each semester.
Key Topics This course consists of weekly invited presentations on current computational biology research topics by leading scientists.
This is a Pass/Fail course. Students are required to attend a minimum of 50% of the courses for a passing grade.


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Adrian Clarke is a UKCP registered psychotherapist, an accredited family mediator and a solicitor.He is a member of the Law Society family mediation panel and has been accredited by the Family Mediation Council. He is a Resolution trained professional practice consultant, which allows him to supervise other family mediators. He is also legally qualified, having been admitted as a solicitor in 1991.
He is a director of TCFP and a co-director of the London Intercultural Couples Centre. He runs the family mediation service and he offers psychotherapy to individuals and relationship counselling for couples. He runs a separated parenting programme and he is trained to consult children about future arrangements when their parents are separating.
As well as his practice at TCFP, he is head of family mediation at Bross Bennett LLP, a niche family law practice in Highgate, North London, where he also runs the adult and couple counselling service. He has particular experience in emotionally complex parenting issues, high net worth cases and cases with an international dimension.
He delivers the court-referred separated parenting programme on behalf of CAFCASS and the family court.


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text:
Q: cloning project from github but manage.py runserver doesn't work So I tried cloning a project that I contribute to in Github. But, when I tried to run python manage.py runserver, it showed me the following error
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 317, in execute
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 56, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 43, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\django\conf\__init__.py", line 106, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "C:\Users\CLAIRE\Anaconda3\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 941, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'now'

Can someone please help me, please

A: Install all the required packages in the requirements.txt:
pip install -r requirements.txt`

With the log, it seems that there is import issues with the front-end stuff. If the project is public, can you share it just to be more specific?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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OO Programming Skills: Strong OO Programming skills (Java or C#).
DB Skills: Basic DB management experience (Oracle, SQL Server).
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Networking: Understanding network topologies and common network protocols and services (DNS, HTTP(S), SSH, FTP, SMTP).
How much do Devops make?
The average pay for a Development Operations (DevOps) Engineer is $90,361 each year.


text:
This 'Pari' is anything but a fairy!
The trailer for Anushka Sharma's upcoming film has managed to creep us out!...
Ali Zafar plans to get 'Teefa in Trouble' at the PSL opening ceremony!
Celebrity, Entertainment, Featured, News
"The crowd will witness me and Teefa in a never seen before avatar at the PSL Opening Ceremony!" Ali Zee tells us....
Mehwish Hayat's telefilm 'InshaAllah' adapted as drama serial
The first episode will release tomorrow, Friday 16th February, via Youtube...
Syed Noor and Saima refute rumours about separation
Celebrity, Entertainment, News
The couple released a video denying claims of their separation...
Pierce Brosnan under fire for Pan Masala adverts once again
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Delhi health officials have now threatened to fine or jail the actor!...
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Khaadi celebrates 20 vibrant years in Pakistan and beyond
Pakistan's premier retail brand Khaadi celebrates its 20th anniversary this year; revering their journey of self-discovery that has led the fashion house to a vibrant path. With Shamoon Sultan at the creative helm and his wife Saira Raza as Chief Design officer, Khaadi has stayed not only relevant but cognizant over the years. The brand originated on 13th December 1998 like a modern-day startup and since then there has been no looking back. What began as a 400 square foot store in Zamzama, has now expanded to over 500000 square feet of retail space with 43 outlets nationwide and 20 overseas. The most successful brands in the world are those which manage the tricky balance of design and business. Modern-day fashion houses...


Arranged for flute and piano by Duncan Reid.
Contents: La Donna e mobile (from Rigoletto), Ah! Fors'e lui (from La Traviata), Di quella pira (from Il Trovatore), Ah si Ben Mio (from Il Trovatore).
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Repeated observations of the administration of the stadium, stewards, and spectators, young people did not react.
In Cherkasy during a football match between Dnipro Cherkasy FC Sumy football fans began to commit illegal actions. When you try to reassure them there was a fight, injuring 17 police officers and one spectator. About it reports a press-service of the regional police.
"Repeated observations of the administration of the stadium, stewards, and spectators, young people did not react, but kept lighting flares, throwing them on the pitch and during the match came on the football field. The observation of police officers who tried to calm them, young reacted aggressively and began to use physical force", – is spoken in the message.
It is noted that militiamen decided to detain troublemakers due to stay at the stadium of a significant number of fans, including women and children.
"In total it is detained 26 people. The police took the offenders to Cherkasy police Department, questioned and released. During the detention of hooligans were injured 17 police officers. In addition, some young people inflicted injuries to one of the spectators, who also tried to calm them down," he told police.
On this fact openly criminal proceedings under part 2 of article 296 (hooliganism) of the Criminal code. Also launched an internal investigation, which will check the legality of actions of police officers.
As reported, the incident occurred on Saturday, may 19.


text:
An appraisal of antifungal impacts of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant Aspergillus flavus isolates as a groundbreaking drug delivery system
Parviz Hassanpour 1
Hamed Hamishehkar 2
Behzad Baradaran 3
Maryam Mohammadi 2, 4
Navid Shomali 3, 5
Adel Spotin 1, 3
Teimour Hazratian 1
Sanam Nami 1, 3
1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Biotechnology research center and student research committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
5 Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Background: This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant A. flavus strains on the one hand, and to consider the expression of cyp51A and MDR1genes, regarded as important genes involved in the development of resistance to triazoles before and after voriconazole and voriconazole-loaded nano-liposomes exert their effects, on the other hand.
Methods: Strains of A. flavus isolated from patients were investigated and their susceptibility to voriconazole was determined. Next, having applied a slight modification to the thin film hydration-sonication technique, the liposomal formulation of voriconazole was produced. After that, the voriconazole-loaded nano-liposome was subjected to in-vitro antifungal susceptibility testing to obtain minimum inhibitory concentration against fungal isolates. Cyp51A and MDR1 mRNA levels were amplified by qRT-PCR instrument.
Results: The effect of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on the reduction of MIC in A. flavus isolates were considered to be significant. After using MIC50 concentration of VCZ, the cyp51A gene expression in voriconazole-susceptible A. flavus strains and voriconazole-resistant strains 10folds and 7folds depicted a downregulation, respectively, which was more pronounced in the expression of a liposomal formulation of VCZ (13folds and 15folds respectively). Identically, the same procedure was applied to MDR1, even though it induced 1, 2, 3, 4-fold reductions.
Conclusion: Considering the benefits of liposome-containing voriconazole formulation, such as the reduction of the side effects of the pure drug as well as minimizing the drug's toxicity coupled with the enhanced drug bioavailability and stability, the formulation can be used in drug-sensitive and drug-resistant species.
Aspergillus flavus
nano-liposome containing voriconazole
cyp51A
The most important clinical manifestations of Aspergillus as a saprophytic mold include invasive aspergillosis (IA), chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, aspergillus bronchitis, and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, with the emergence of clinical symptoms depending entirely on the immunological background of the infected host (1, 2). IA in immunocompromised patients such as HIV-infected ones, hematologic malignancies who undergo intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant recipients is considered as a life-threatening mycosis (3, 4). Today, Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) is one of the most common causes of IA in some particular geographic areas such as the Middle East and Southeast Asia. A. flavus takes a back seat to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) since the latter accounts for 80% of invasive and noninvasive infections in Europe and the United States (4).
IA treatment depends on several factors thus, the choice and administration of medication cannot be sufficient, for instance, understanding the underlying disease and duration of immunosuppression are key factors in the treatment of immunocompromised patients in particular. Voriconazole (VCZ) is a first-line treatment drug in IA and even in some transplant centers, it is utilized as a mold-prophylactic agent, it is also found to be more effective than amphotericin B (5-7). In recent years, selecting the right medicine has been complicated due to the observation of differing antifungal resistance patterns in Aspergillus isolates in different geographic regions. Even today, infection-related mortality rates are high despite the early diagnosis and use of VCZ in IA thanks to the emergence of acquired resistance to VCZ which has failed treatment in some patients (4, 8). Comprehensive molecular studies have been carried out on azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains, revealing mutations in the coding regions alongside the overexpression of the cyp51A (14α-demethylase) gene and non-cyp51-mediated resistance to be the main causes of resistance to VCZ (9, 10). Cyp51 genes (cyp51A, cyp51B, and cyp51C) play a crucial role in ergosterol biosynthesis; that is, VCZ disturbs the pathway by inhibiting 14-α-demethylases and finally destroying sterol metabolism in the cells (11, 12). As a result of recent studies on some VCZ-resistant A.flavus strains, it has been found that in these filamentous fungi, amino acid residue substitution or overexpression of the cyp51A gene is also one of the mechanisms of resistance to VCZ (13). But in this regard, some VCZ-R isolates (40-70%) lacked cyp51A alternations, indicating the involvement of other mechanisms for resistance in this triazole drug. Overexpression of multidrug resistance efflux pumps (MDR-EPs) is another important mechanism involved in A. flavus strains that well indicate acquired resistance to this antifungal (5, 14). The two main classes of MDR-EPs involved in antifungal resistance include ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) (5, 9). During studies conducted on EPs in A. flavus strains that are VCZ-resistant, overexpression of genes encoding MDR 1, 2, 4, AtrF, and/or MFS Eps has been observed. In some resistance isolates, there is neither a change in cyp51 genes nor a change in MDR-EPs (5, 13), which illustrates the need for further studies in this regard.
Although VCZ is a newly developed antifungal agent, the side effects of this drug as well as the observation of drug resistance in some isolates have led to solutions for optimizing this drug. One such solution is the use of a drug delivery system that has overcome some problems associated with the use of this drug (15, 16). In studies conducted on diverse drug delivery systems, the use of nanoparticles (NPs), as one of these systems, has shown an enhancement in therapeutic efficacy in addition to reducing side effects (17-19). Also, these NPs have been the Food and drug administration (FDA) and European medicines agency (EMA) approved (20). Some of the advantages of using NPs entail enhanced drug stability and prolonged drug residence time in the blood, moreover, NPs can protect encapsulated drugs from in vivo enzymatic degradation (18, 21, 22). One of the NPs is liposomes; in addition to reducing side effects, it can minimize drug toxicity and also increase drug bioavailability and stability; what is more, the small size of these lipid NPs enhances the rate of penetration to tissues (23, 24). Today, due to the increased mortality rates caused by aspergillosis, resulting from VCZ-resistant A. flavus strains, the need for the use of NPs to optimize the drug is urgently felt. Therefore, this study is an attempt to investigate the effect of nano-liposome containing voriconazole (VCZ-loaded nano-liposome) on VCZ-resistant A. flavus strains on the one hand, and to consider the expression of cyp51A and MDR1genes, regarded as important genes involved in the development of resistance to triazoles before and after VCZ and VCZ-loaded nano-liposomes exert their effects, on the other hand.
Fungal isolates and In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing
In this study, 8 strains of A. flavus isolated from patients with different manifestations of aspergillosis were investigated. These strains were isolated and identified in previous studies (4, 14) from patients in the Serology Lab of the department of Mycology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Next, their susceptibility to VCZ (Sigma-Aldrich USA) was determined using the microdilution method, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute M38 3rd edition (25) and were kept in fungi collections of the laboratory. Initially, to verify the authenticity of strains, in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing was performed for the second time to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of VCZ against fungal isolates. Standard strains of Candida krusei (ATCC 6258) and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC22019) were also studied as qualitative controls.
Preparation of liposome containing voriconazole and Characterization of nanoparticles
Having applied a slight modification to the thin-film hydration-sonication technique, the liposomal formulation of VCZ was produced (26). Next, lecithin (Lipoid Company, Germany) and cholesterol (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) (45:5 w/w) were mixed in 15 ml ethanol to act as the solvent. Then VCZ (350µg/ml) was added and the solvent was evaporated in a rotary evaporator at 50°C, resulting in dry lipid sediment on the wall of the flask. The obtained thin layer was hydrated by adding 5 ml of distilled water, culminating in multilamellar vesicles. The sample was subjected to a probing sonication (Vibra Cell - Sonics & Material, 130 W, 20 kHz, USA) at 80% sonication strength in ice bath for 10 min (10 cycles of 1 min sonication and 1 min rest intermittently to allow cooling of the sample) to let the sample shrink in size.
Synthesized NPs were assessed for their particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential using dynamic light scattering (DLS) (Zetasizer-ZS, Malvern, UK). In the same vein, the NPs structure was probed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (TEscan, VEGA II XMU, Czech Republic). Briefly, the samples were fixed with 3% glutaraldehyde for 12 h at room temperature, then washed in cacodylate buffer. The specimens were dehydrated by ethanol and dipped in hexamethyldisilazane. However, a direct current sputter technique aided in coating the samples with a thin layer of gold previous to the scanning stage (EMITECH K450X, England) (27). The blank liposomal formulation was prepared in the same manner, without adding VCZ, though. After that, the VCZ-loaded nano-liposome was subjected to in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing to obtain MIC against fungal isolates. For comparison, the same concentration of VCZ-loaded nano-liposome was deployed.
Encapsulation efficiency determination
The aqueous solution was centrifuged and subsequently, the free drug and lipids were eliminated. Adding 2ml of chloroform to 1ml of sample leads to the extraction of VCZ from the liposomes as well as the degraded carrier. Then, the absorbance of drug dissolved in chloroform was read at 256 nm and the amount of encapsulated drug was calculated according to the calibration curve of free VCZ. The VCZ concentration in nanoliposomes was calculated using the following equation (28):
Isolation of total RNA and synthesis of complementary DNA (cDNA)
Total RNA was extracted from conidia which were previously grown in liquid culture (Merck, Germany) and incubated at 37°C, receiving constant shaking at ١٢٠ rpm for 48 - 72 hours. The mycelia were ground in liquid nitrogen and TRlzol lyzing reagent (Ambion life technologies) (1ml) was added and incubated at RT for 5min. After adding 250µl of chloroform, the microtube was incubated on ice for 10min. Then, it was centrifuged at 12500×g for 15min at 4°C and transferred the upper, aqueous phase to a new RNase free tube. The ice-cold isopropanol (500µl) was added (it was incubated on ice for 10min) and centrifuged at 12500×g for 10min at 4°C. The sediment was mixed with cold 75% ethanol and centrifuged at 7800×g for 8min at 4°C. The precipitant was dried at room temperature for 20min. Finally, the RNA was dissolved in 30µl diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated water and incubated for 10min at 55-60°C. RNA purity was evaluated by Nanodrop2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo fisher scientific). Thereafter, the RNA molecules were converted into their cDNA sequences by reverse transcriptase and used as the template for PCR amplification using a Sensiscript Reverse Transcription kit (QIAGEN, Germany). The comprehensive methodology of this protocol has been presented in the previously published article (4).
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)
The published gene sequence of A. flavus NRRL3357 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) was the place of origin for nucleotide sequences of cyp51A (NCBI accession numbers: XM_002375082) and MDR1 (NCBI accession numbers: XM_002382940). After that, primers (Table 1) were designed for cyp51A and MDR1with tubulin acting as a housekeeping gene. The qRT-PCR instrument was used to measure mRNA levels of Cyp51A and MDR1 using SYBR Green Master Mix (AMPLIQON, Denmark). The real-time was carried out in a 10 μl reaction volume, containing: 0.5μl of cDNA template, 0.25μl of each primer, 5μl of master mix and 4.25μl of nuclease-free distilled water. The program was 95°C for 5min, 45cycles at 95°C for 10sec, 58°C for 35sec, and 70°C for 20sec. The relative gene expressions were analyzed by 2-∆CT method. Finally, a P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant and data were represented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). GraphPad PRISM 6 (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California USA, www.graphpad.com) was used to draw graphs.
Physicochemical characterization
Zeta Potential, PDI value and Particle Size of VCZ-Loaded Nano-Liposomes
After the preparation of the liposomal formulation of VCZ by the technique of thin-film hydration-sonication, particle size, PDI value, and zeta potential of synthesized NPs were measured by DLS, with the results being 80.91 ± 2.78 nm, 0.076 ± 0.012 and -2.33 ± 0.54 mV respectively. Comparing the results of Blank liposomal formulation, the findings were as follows: 53.46 ± 2.11 nm, 0.112 ± 0.01 and -11.8 ± 0.71 mV, respectively (Fig. 1). It should be noted that all tests were repeated in 3 rounds.
The SEM micrograph
The SEM analysis divulged the spherical shape of vesicles with a relatively uniform size distribution, with a majority being smaller than 100 nm (Fig. 2).
Drug-encapsulation efficiency
In this study, liposomes utterly encapsulated VCZ; occupying roughly 97% of the formulation.
Antifungal activity
At this stage, in vitro susceptibility testing was carried out on clinical species of A. flavus according to the CLSI M38 3rd edition protocol in two separate sections. In the first stage, pure VCZ was used to determine MIC, and in the second stage, after preparing the liposome containing VCZ, the above test was repeated at the same concentration and once again, the MIC for all isolates was determined. It is worth noting that all the steps were done in duplicate and the results are presented in Table 2.
The MIC50 concentration of VCZ and Liposomal formulation of VCZ were used to evaluate Cyp51A and MDR1 mRNA levels by qRT-PCR in voriconazole-resistant A.flavus strains and voriconazole-susceptible strains (Fig. 3 and 4). After using MIC50 concentration of VCZ, the cyp51A gene expression in VCZ-susceptible A. flavus strains and VCZ-resistant strains 10folds and 7folds depicted a downregulation, respectively, which was more pronounced in the expression of a liposomal formulation of VCZ (13folds and 15folds respectively). This procedure was applied exactly to MDR1, even though it induced 1, 2, 3, 4-fold reductions (Fig. 5).
Today, due to the increasing importance of aspergillosis, an opportunistic infection especially in immunocompromised individuals whose mortality is due to resistance to drugs, the identification of Aspergillus species and deploying an appropriate effective drug are of immense significance. Therefore, in this study, those A. flavus strains which were isolated from Iranian patients with different manifestations of aspergillosis were studied, revealing a better efficacy of VCZ-loaded nano-liposome in the removal of VCZ-resistant A.flavus isolates when compared to pure VCZ. In other words, the main objective of this study was to attain the best formulation for both particle size and VCZ encapsulation to better investigate the antifungal properties of the formulations compared with pure VCZ on isolates, what is more, cyp51A and MDR1gene, known as two salient drug resistance genes in resistance to VCZ in A.flavus isolates, were studied in terms of their expressions. Fortunately, we were able to gain positive results in this regard.
In this study, after the preparation of the liposomal formulation of VCZ by the technique of thin-film hydration-sonication, the physicochemical characterization of synthesized NPs was measured by DLS. The adhesive and interactive properties of liposomal systems such as nanocarriers in the face of biological cells are predominantly determined by their particle size, thus, adequate and decent drug accumulation in fungal cells is conceivable due to the nanometer range of NPs (29). Plus, the antifungal activity directly regulates the NP cell-uptake efficiency (16). The stability of the colloidal system and the status of superficial electrical dispersions are decided by zeta potentials indicating a negative surface charge (30). The zeta potential of the colloidal system is magnified when cholesterol is added; and this, in turn, boosts the stability of the particles, in the same vein, bilayer phospholipid gains rigidity and rigor when cholesterol builds up (23). Zeta potential edges towards negativity when the lipid composition of liposomal formulations houses both cholesterol and lecithin (31). Absolute zeta potential >30 mV generally is an indicator of acceptable stability (16). A PDI of 0.3 and below is reckoned acceptable, representing a homogenous population of phospholipid vesicles, when liposome and nanoliposome formulations, known as lipid-based carriers, are utilized in drug delivery applications. Generally, mono dispersion of the suspension arises when PDI fluctuates between 0 and 0.5, however, poly dispersion emerges if PDI exceeds 0.5 (32), hence, the good stability of these NPs is further validated. Then the scanning electron microscope was used to probe the shape of the particles. In this study, SEM analysis divulged the spherical shape of vesicles with a relatively uniform size distribution, with a majority being smaller than 100 nm. After that, the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of prepared nanoliposome showed a significant entrapment of VCZ in the nanoliposomes. In a study conducted by Tian et al. in 2015, after preparing VCZ loaded nanostructured lipid carriers by melt, high-pressure homogenization, they also reported that VCZ was successfully entrapped into loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) NPs, with EE% of VCZ-NLCs being 75.37% (16).
According to the literature review, this was the first study on nano-liposome containing VCZ on VCZ-resistant A.flavus isolates in Iran. According to the findings of this study and our hypothesis, the effect of nano-liposome containing VCZ on the reduction of MIC in VCZ-resistant A.flavus isolates was considered to be significant. In a study by Tian et al. who investigated the effect of VCZ nanostructured lipid carriers against Candida albicans, it was reported that VCZ-NLCs perpetuate the antifungal activity of VCZ and boost the efficiency of antifungal drug delivery to C. albicans (16). In another study by Asadi et al. which was conducted on the antifungal effects of nanoliposomal fluconazole on resistant Candida species, the same results on fluconazole were obtained and the positive effect of nanoliposomal fluconazole formulations in reducing MIC compared to pure fluconazole was reported (23). A further study by Sarrafha on nanoliposomal fluconazole in A. flavus and A. fumigatus isolates yielded positive results of nanoliposomal formulation as opposed to pure drug regarding antifungal effects (24).
Based on our results and in line with the previously performed experiments on Aspergillus spp., unlike the susceptible strains, the VCZ-resistant strains manifested a striking up-regulation in cyp51A gene (5folds) (P<0.0001) as well as MDR1 gene (7folds) (P<0.0001) (4). As noted, in several studies, point mutations and overexpression of cyp51A and MDR1 genes are responsible for the resistance of some Aspergillus spp. to azoles such as VCZ (5, 33, 34). In a study conducted by Sharma et al. on VCZ-resistant A. flavus clinical isolates, the upregulated levels of MDR1 and cyp51A gene expressions were reported (35) which confirms our study. In this study, after observing the elevated expression of genes in resistant isolates as compared to sensitive isolates, to evaluate the effect of pure VCZ as well as the liposomal formulation of VCZ, the level of gene expression was re-evaluated in two stages. The results of this phase overlapped with the results of in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing. That is, after using MIC50 concentration of VCZ, the cyp51A gene expression in VCZ-susceptible A. flavus strains and VCZ-resistant strains 10folds and 7folds depicted a downregulation, respectively, which was more pronounced in the expression of a liposomal formulation of VCZ (13folds and 15folds respectively). This procedure was applied exactly to MDR1, even though it induced 1, 2, 3, 4-fold reductions (Fig. 5). According to the available literature, the positive effect of liposomal VCZ formulation versus pure VCZ can be observed in the number of gene expressions in drug-resistant species, in particular.
The results of this study and the subsequent complementary in vivo studies promise the utilization of VCZ-resistant A.flavus isolates to formulate liposome-containing soon. On the other hand, considering the benefits of this drug formulation, such as the reduction of the side effects of the pure drug as well as minimizing the drug's toxicity coupled with the enhanced drug bioavailability and stability, the formulation can also be used in drug-sensitive species. The yielded results emanating from the application of liposome containing VCZ give good grounds for an alternative therapeutic platform and fruitful treatment of invasive aspergillosis.
This study was financially supported by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran and the study was approved by the ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Science (Grant no. IR.TBZMED.VCR.REC.1398.103).
None to be declared
The authors declare no conflict of interest in this study.
S.N., P.H.; participated in the design of the study, contributed to data collection and wrote the manuscript. H.H., B.B., M.M., N.S., A.S., T.H.; carried out the experiments and performed the statistical analysis and have been involved in critically revising the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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32. Danaei M, Dehghankhold M, Ataei S, Hasanzadeh Davarani F, Javanmard R, Dokhani A, et al. Impact of Particle Size and Polydispersity Index on the Clinical Applications of Lipidic Nanocarrier Systems. Pharmaceutics. 2018;10(2):57.
33. Becher R, Wirsel SGR. Fungal cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) and azole resistance in plant and human pathogens. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2012;95(4):825-40.
34. Mousavi B, Hedayati MT, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Guillot J, Alizadeh A, Badali H. cyp51Agene silencing using RNA interference in azole-resistantAspergillus fumigatus. Mycoses. 2015;58(12):699-706.
Tables_1213.png
Hassanpour, P., Hamishehkar, H., Baradaran, B., Mohammadi, M., Shomali, N., Spotin, A., Hazratian, T., & Nami, S. (2020). An appraisal of antifungal impacts of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant Aspergillus flavus isolates as a groundbreaking drug delivery system. Nanomedicine Research Journal, 5(1), 90-100. doi: 10.22034/nmrj.2020.01.010
Parviz Hassanpour; Hamed Hamishehkar; Behzad Baradaran; Maryam Mohammadi; Navid Shomali; Adel Spotin; Teimour Hazratian; Sanam Nami. "An appraisal of antifungal impacts of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant Aspergillus flavus isolates as a groundbreaking drug delivery system". Nanomedicine Research Journal, 5, 1, 2020, 90-100. doi: 10.22034/nmrj.2020.01.010
Hassanpour, P., Hamishehkar, H., Baradaran, B., Mohammadi, M., Shomali, N., Spotin, A., Hazratian, T., Nami, S. (2020). 'An appraisal of antifungal impacts of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant Aspergillus flavus isolates as a groundbreaking drug delivery system', Nanomedicine Research Journal, 5(1), pp. 90-100. doi: 10.22034/nmrj.2020.01.010
Hassanpour, P., Hamishehkar, H., Baradaran, B., Mohammadi, M., Shomali, N., Spotin, A., Hazratian, T., Nami, S. An appraisal of antifungal impacts of nano-liposome containing voriconazole on voriconazole-resistant Aspergillus flavus isolates as a groundbreaking drug delivery system. Nanomedicine Research Journal, 2020; 5(1): 90-100. doi: 10.22034/nmrj.2020.01.010


This property is catered by a qualified chef who is assisted by a host providing breakfast, afternoon tea and servicing of the rooms daily. Canapes are served with aperitifs at 19:30 and dinner is a 4-course gourmet affair (served 6 out of 7 nights), accompanied by selected house wines. There is an open bar provided throughout the week with beer, wine, spirits and soft drinks. Should you have a preferred tipple do let us know so we can ensure we have it in stock. Should you wish to upgrade to a particular wine selection for the week, a Sassicaia perhaps, then we can offer a credit towards your wine bill. Please do ask for a wine list if this is of interest. We also offer the option of high tea for younger guests with adults able to dine at a later time. Please note that the catering can be adapted to your requirements (for eg on a B&B basis or catered for fewer nights) - please call for prices.


text:
Q: Webpage reloading only when internet is available I have the following piece of code from my webpage that checks for Internet connectivity.
When Internet is available, it should reload the page after 10 seconds. Otherwise, it waits indefinitely for connectivity.
function checkJSNetConnection(){
 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 var file = "https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/s/9d7ri25ku7xlj9u/WALL-E%20%281%29.jpg?dl=0";
 var r = Math.round(Math.random() * 10000);

 xhr.open('HEAD', file + "?subins=" + r, false);

 try {
  xhr.send();

  if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 304) {
   return  true;
  } else {
   return false;
  }
 } catch (e) {
  return false;
 }
}

function timedRefresh(timeoutPeriod) {
  if(checkJSNetConnection()==false){
    alert("Internet Connection does not Exist");
  } else {
    setTimeout("location.reload(true);",timeoutPeriod);
  }
}

The function is called from:
<body onload="JavaScript:timedRefresh(10000);">

The problem is that, although it successfully reloads the page when Internet is available, it doesn't show an alert message for no connectivity, showing instead "unable to load page".

A: Think about it, if there is an internet connection, it sets the page to reload after 10 seconds right?
so, lets assume it passed the internet connectivity test, and 10 seconds countdown started. now suddenly connection is lost, the countdown reaches zero and refreshes the page (tries to get a new copy of it from the website) but since there is no internet connectivity, it just fails and says that the page is not available.
a possible solution: (there are more, this is one)
dont set a time out, if internet is available, reload right away and start a new timeout on the connectivity check:
change "timed refresh" to "timed check" logic:
<body onload="JavaScript:setTimeout(timedCheck,10000);">

and the script:
function timedCheck(timeoutPeriod) {
  if(checkJSNetConnection()==false){
      alert("Internet Connection doesnot Exist");
 }else{
      location.reload(true);
 }
}

this way, when the page first loads, it will start a countdown of 10 seconds at the end of which a test will be made. if there is a connection available, it will reload immediately and a new countdown will start. if there is no connection, it will show  the alert.


text:
Q: Accounting for interval censoring JAGS model of binary mortality data I have data on tree mortality, based on two observations of a tree in time. All trees are alive at the beginning of the interval. The length of the re-measurement interval, t, varies continuously, between 5-15. I collect data on tree mortality based on whether or not a tree is dead when observed at the end of the re-measurement interval. alive=0, dead=1.
I have a co-variate, x1 that I want to use to fit a model that describes the mortality probability of these trees. For the sake of example, I generate some data where I know the 'true' time to death of each tree as a function of some base rate, and my covariate, x1, and then generate the binary outcome death, as it would be reported based on the collection methods described.
t <- runif(1000, 5, 15)
x1<- rnorm(1000)
b0 <- -2.2
b1 <- -.10

mu <- exp(b0 + b1*x1)
lambda <- 1/mu
death <- ifelse(lambda < t, 1, 0)

data <- data.frame(t, death, x1)

I know how to fit a right censored mortality model in JAGS using the runjags package for R, if I assume that the time to death for all trees is just the duration of the re-measurement interval t for all trees that died. I first calculate new vectors that assign time of death as the duration of t, or NA if a tree libed, the censoring interval if an observation is censored (if it lived):
#generate time to death as the re-measurement interval, or NA if a tree lived.
data$t.to.death <- ifelse(data$death==1, t, NA)

#get a vector that gives the censoring time for each observation that is censored
data$t.cen <- ifelse(data$death==0, t,0)

I then code a JAGS model as:
jags.model = "
    model
    {
      # priors
      beta0 ~ dnorm(0, 0.001)
      beta1 ~ dnorm(0, 0.001)

      # likelihood
      for(i in 1:N)
      {
        is.censored[i] ~ dinterval(t.to.death[i], t.cen[i])
        t.to.death[i] ~ dexp(lambda[i])
        lambda[i] <- 1/mu[i]
        log(mu[i]) <- beta0 + beta1*x1[i]
      }
   }
   "

Get the data together as a list, and run the model:
#get data as list
jags.data <- list(t.to.death = data$t.to.death,
                  t.cen = data$t.cen,
                  N = nrow(data),
                  x1 = data$x1)

#run model
require(runjags)
model.run <- run.jags(jags.model, data = jags.data, n.chains=3, monitor=c('beta0', 'beta1'))

However, this is not the model I want to fit. The trees do not die at the end of the measurement interval. They die at some unknown point during the measurement interval. How can I modify this code to fit an interval-censored mortality model in JAGS?

A: An additive risk model of the form $Z = \vec{b} \mathbf{X}$ is not appropriate for interval censored data. The estimates will be anticonservative and probably biased by model misspecification. This also doesn't agree with the JAGS code you show below. What you fit there is what seems to be a Bayesian logistic model.
It turns out a complementary log-log model is the right approach, but you haven't fit the appropriate survival model for interval censored data, as you have described it. A nice discussion of the topic can be found in Applied Survival Analysis 2nd Ed by Hosmer, Lemeshow, and May on page 232
I assume in your formulation the $y$ is a 0/1 indicator of failure for a particular tree and you are modeling the overall likelihood of failing as a cumulative probability with p(fail at time t) = "p"^t (with "p" more of a hazard, not a probability here). I also assume you have not accounted for some frailty or correlation between multiple "looks" at each tree. I also assume you're not interested in modeling the actual survival function, but want to estimate the effect of some fixed design variables "x" which are either weather conditions, fertilizer, elevation, etc.
The appropriate way of fitting this model is to have 0/1 outcomes for whether or not a tree failed in a specific interval. You remove any subsequent 0s after a particular tree has failed because it is no longer at risk of doing so. The intercept here can be modeled using fixed or random effects depending on the number of intervals.


text:
XIXAX Film Forum »
The Director's Chair »
Alex Ross Perry
wilder · 8 · 2422
Alex Ross Perry Lines Up Emily Browning, Adam Horowitz, Mary Louise Parker, Jason Schwartzman & Chloe Sevigny For 'Golden Exits'
via The Playlist
Having established his indie cred with "Listen Up Philip" and "Queen Of Earth," director Alex Ross Perry had been eyeing two very different paths concurrently. He was Disney's surprising choice to write an upcoming live-action/CGI "Winnie The Pooh" movie, while he also attached himself to write and direct an adaptation of Don DeLillo's "The Names." And while both of those projects are still developing, Perry will move next towards something else entirely, which should see him split the difference with a more starry cast while retaining his distinctive independent voice.
Emily Browning, Adam Horovitz, Mary Louise Parker, Lily Rabe, Jason Schwartzman, Chloe Sevigny and Analeigh Tipton are part of the ensemble cast of "Golden Exits." The drama centers on two Brooklyn families who find unhappiness rising to the surface,when a young foreign girl goes overseas. But here's the kicker —this project has been shooting for a while now and will wrap production in New York City this week.
Re: Alex Ross Perry
Elisabeth Moss & Alex Ross Perry Reteam For His New Film 'Her Smell'
Elisabeth Moss and writer-director Alex Ross Perry are reteaming for Her Smell, his next movie that now has firmed a fall production start.
In Her Smell, Moss will star as Becky Something, a maniacally destructive punk rock star who pushes her relationships with bandmates, family and followers to the limit as she wages a years-long war against sobriety while attempting to re-engage the creativity that had once led her band to massive crossover success.
Perry's most recent film Golden Exits world premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival and hits theaters February 9 via Vertical Entertainment and Sony Pictures Worldwide.
eward
The Master of Two Worlds
I love this guy's films, and spot him frequently around town at various screenings. "Her Smell" sounds fucking great.
If I could move the night I would
And I would turn the world around if I could
There's nothing wrong with loving something you can't hold in your hand
You're sitting on the edge of the bed, smoking and shaking your head
Well there's nothing wrong with loving things that cannot even stand
Well there goes your moony man
With his suitcase in his hand
Every road is lined with animals
That rise from their blood and walk
Well the moon won't get a wink of sleep
If I stay all night and talk
BigSock
The Vision Quest
Reply #3 on: September 17, 2018, 12:39:51 AM
So, if anyone missed my post, I have tickets to the NYFF screenings on the 29th and 30th. I cannot make them unfortunately. I don't want them to go to waste. Message me if interested
Reply #4 on: April 15, 2019, 02:24:34 PM
https://www.talkhouse.com/how-first-reformeds-success-actually-points-to-a-dark-future-for-independent-film/?fbclid=IwAR2yfZrAPPBSkxuMzTF2sFd_TeFxiPAE5qdV3KAuSU3bTY_0jgNYxvyNnXs
How First Reformed's Success Actually Points to a Dark Future for Independent Film
Her Smell's writer-director breaks down the stark reality that film distribution today is an inequitable system that excludes almost everyone.
By Alex Ross Perry | April 10, 2019
Writing on his indispensable and entertaining Facebook page, Paul Schrader recently outlined his perspective on the current nature of independent film sales, through his experience selling First Reformed in the fall of 2017:
"First Reformed was sold at a bargain price to A24 out of the Toronto FF. Netflix, which could have snapped it up as easily as it swats a fly on its ass, passed. As did Amazon. As did Sony Classics and Focus. But A24 saw a commercial path for this austere aesthetic film. As a result First Reformed found a life. A24 rolled it out through festivals and screenings from 2017 to 2018. And it survived. Not a big money maker but profitable for A24 and a jewel in their crown. Would First Reformed have found this public acceptance if Netflix [had] scooped it up (at say twice the price A24 payed) and dumped it into its larder? Perhaps Bird Box and Kissing Booth can fight their way through the vast sea of Netflix product to find popular acceptance, but First Reformed? Unlikely. Relegated to film esoterica."
The above statement serves as a complete syllabus for understanding the current problem facing the sale of independent films and the financial realities involved therein. To begin with, there's Schrader's ominous reference to the "bargain price" that A24 purchased the movie for. First Reformed had a production budget of $3.5 million, according to remarks made by Schrader, including directly to me in an interview for Cinema Scope magazine. In that interview, Schrader called it a totally responsible budget, as he made the film at a cost guaranteed to give investors a return when it went to market.
This no doubt proved true, as likely robust foreign sales – after premieres at Venice, Telluride and Toronto – balanced out whatever reduced price was paid for domestic rights. (With absolutely no knowledge of the situation aside from having been in this position many times myself, I would guess the sale was somewhere between $500,000 and $1,000,000; though anything in that range exceeds what may be considered a "bargain," it certainly seems one in relation to the film's budget.)
Schrader's revelation about the distributors that passed is deeply troubling when one considers the hypothetical outcomes that a film like First Reformed – which became an Oscar-nominated breakout hit – could have suffered. This information illuminates just how close every success story is to a tale of failure and oblivion. (He neglects to mention several comparable companies, namely Fox Searchlight, but one can infer that they probably passed as well.)
This illuminates the dire absurdity that the independent film distribution landscape, though operating with a handful of major players, basically resembles a two-party political system where choices are made to favor and push only a select few titles, and where outliers are unlikely to receive serious attention. Put it simply, it's quite possible that 10 percent of independent films receive 90 percent of the sales money, press and thus revenue. This number may even be too high: it could be closer to 5 percent. An analysis of this would be most welcome.
Schrader's point is that without A24 saying yes when (apparently) everybody else said no, First Reformed would not have enjoyed the 18-month victory march toward bountiful awards and accolades for himself and the film's star, Ethan Hawke, culminating in Schrader's first ever Oscar nomination. One more "no" and First Reformed would likely have been given a release somewhere between cursory and modest, made very little money, and have been an underrated favorite rather than the powerhouse it became.
He says that Netflix could have scooped it up and "dumped it into its larder," but the same is true of any number of mid-size distributors who release far more product than the coveted and selective distributors he cites. To continue my above analogy, these companies function not as major political forces (like those listed by Schrader), but instead as third-party challengers who exist only to make a bit of noise and desperately try to attract attention away from the vastly more well-funded establishments they are up against.
First Reformed in the hands of this type of company would have been the blip that most of their releases end up being, and nothing resembling what A24 achieved with the film. I say this because the metrics of success for most companies are so low that victory can be measured by simply competing in the race, not placing and certainly not winning.
All this to say that a film at this budget level has a phenomenally slim chance of finding a home with one of the few companies able to offer anything other than immediate and devastating financial loss for a film's investors. And I care about this because this is a budget level (let's call it "under $5,000,000," though realistically, I know of very, very few films of this sort that cost close to $5 million) where both longtime legends like Schrader and my friends and peers are able to achieve the most fully realized and uncompromised versions of their work. (For more in this category, I would cite movies like Good Time, The Florida Project and The Little Hours. It goes without saying that I do not know the exact budget of these films, but I know that they are uncompromised visions, and if they had higher budgets, they would have been subjected to compromise. This is how it works.)
So when you have the director of an Oscar-nominated film saying that the sale price was "a bargain" but that film was made for a relatively modest budget that is still larger than most filmmakers could dream of, there is a massive systemic rot at the core of the industry. Based on this model (and it cannot be overstated the extent to which sales and financing decisions are based only on a "model," i.e. of a recent film that is either vaguely similar or not similar at all), a film with zero Oscar prospects that costs more than $3 million that may expect to sell for a "bargain" is suddenly a deeply undesirable film to finance. Thus, the film will never exist and somehow the success of First Reformed, however one quantifies it, may prevent a similarly singular and ambitious film from being made.
The message at the root of issues like this is that when it comes to the creation of a film – that is to say, the pitching and financing of it – the cart must come before the horse. Meaning, premiering and selling the movie is at the forefront of every conversation from the moment people read a script. If there isn't an overwhelming possibility that the unveiling of the film will result in robust financial reward, the script may never become a film. However, anybody who has been through this will know, as Schrader explains, that the value of a film essentially crashes from "infinite" in the hours before anybody gets to see it to "we will take what we can get" about 48 hours later.
The fact is, nobody would finance a film if they do not reasonably expect to sell the film for extremely close to whatever the budget was. Forget about the theoretical "commercial prospects" for a second, because unless films end up with one of the distributors Schrader lists, those prospects go from "a decently performing art-house hit" (what Schrader calls "public acceptance") to "absolutely nothing" ("relegated to film esoterica"). Even admirable efforts by independent-minded critics groups and awards programs tend to largely favor the two or three most successful films from the above-referenced group of big-deal distributors. Again: 5 percent of product/95 percent of oxygen.
One of the most irreparably destructive things to happen to the independent film market came and went without being justly commented on as the apocalyptic impact it had. I am referring to Amazon's Festival Stars program, which offered a flat rate of $50,000-$100,000 for titles which premiered in a main section at either Sundance or SXSW to self-distribute on Amazon Video Direct. When this was introduced, there did seem to be a fair amount of eyebrow-raising. After all, it essentially created a false market price wherein the value of any film, regardless of budget, was valued equally. And, worse, the value was at a price point that would cover a return of investment on the budget of almost no films that reached the level of prominence required to claim this bounty.
That amount of money would have changed the life of my and many of my friends had it been available to us when our films cost no more than $20,000. Offering that to films whose budgets may be in the high-six or low-seven-figure range all but guarantees that those involved lose their shirts. But what was worse was that it meant any distributor could come to a film with an offer of anything over $100,000 and know that, budget be damned, the filmmakers were in a position where they would be forced to accept. A $110,000 offer on a million-dollar film no longer had to worry about being the lowest; any product is only as valuable as the lowest anybody selling is willing to accept for it. In 2017, Amazon acquired FORTY movies out of South by Southwest, thus sending the message that if your movie cost more than $50,000 and it premiered there the following year, there was an overwhelming likelihood that you would lose a lot of money.
And then, weirdly, Amazon discontinued this program. After revaluing most films to "basically worthless," they then decided it wouldn't even be worth the nominal sums they were paying to acquire buckets of films wholesale and dump them onto what Schrader calls both a "larder" and a "vast sea." According to a Variety article on the SXSW 2017 shopping spree, Amazon spent $1.9 million on 40 movies. At Sundance 2019, Amazon paid $41 million for five movies, spending $13 or 14 million each on three of those. Not being an economist, I am not qualified to analyze the ripple effects of value versus market cost implicit in this vast discrepancy, but there is a lesson to be learned here, and to me that lesson feels like, "Don't play the game, because you will not win."
What concerns me as a filmmaker who would like to find supportive budgets for increasingly ambitious projects (and would love to be one of many filmmakers receiving such an opportunity) is that the seesaw has rocked from, "Spend more than $50,000 and you will lose money" to, "You may make $13,000,000, but also you probably won't and will lose money" and in both of these scenarios, people will be unwilling to finance or make most scripts into films because the risk is simply too tremendous to justify.
My new film, Her Smell, cost less than First Reformed. The crew pulled off miracles and executed things that most people couldn't dream of affording for twice our budget. We were ruthlessly efficient and I got everything I needed to make the script exactly as I wanted. The film did not sell for $13 million but I remain optimistic that its distribution and release in no way runs the risk of being relegated to esoterica. However, I am sorry to say, to the next 10 filmmakers who have a comparable film at a comparable budget level, I don't think I made it any easier for you to get your script produced. We are seemingly stuck in a situation befitting classic American ideals where the rich (i.e. easygoing, mass-market crowdpleasers that sell to Schrader's target companies) benefit or profit the most, the poor (relatively or extremely inexpensive movies) can no longer survive or justifiably exist, and the middle class (movies like Her Smell or First Reformed) are threatened with extinction due to being potentially unsustainable. And if we are not creating a sustainable means of production and also a marketplace for those coming up behind, then I must worry about the future as much as I fret about the present.
Well that's depressing.
https://theplaylist.net/alex-ross-perry-aj-aly-music-video-20190416/?fbclid=IwAR3lHMrgpOzmsSmr48eHmQwV8OTTyCKA6dmsr0QdDYCjmJ53iVBHQYnLZeQ
Alex Ross Perry Tells Us Why He Shot On 16MM For His Beautiful New Music Video For Singers AJ & Aly
Charles Barfield April 16, 2019 1:51 pm
Alex Ross Perry is in the middle of a very busy week. The director's latest film, "Her Smell," finally opened in limited release this past weekend, after debuting in 2018 at the Toronto International Film Festival, and he's capping the week off with another directorial effort. This time, instead of a feature film, Perry has stepped behind the camera for a new music video from singers AJ & Aly, and you better believe the filmmaker included some of his signature style in the clip.
There's not much to say about the actual plot of the music video for the song "Church." It's clear that Perry wasn't interested in creating some sort of lavish, epic (and expensive) music video to show off his filmmaking prowess. Instead, he embraced the limitations of 16mm film and shot a beautiful video that showcases the singers while also preserving that wonderful film quality that makes the footage seem classic, despite being released today.
Perry told us about what drew him to the music video and how he came up with the idea of choosing 16mm for "Church."
"I didn't choose to shoot on 16mm film, 16mm has chosen me," said the director. "I love the format so much and happily shot three films in a row on it. After shooting 'Her Smell' on 35mm, it was a pleasant homecoming to return to looking at 16mm images."
He added, "To execute a one day shoot, where you are limited by logistics and time as to how much can realistically be filmed, having five or so rolls of 16mm is affordable and provides bountiful aesthetic value. Never believe anybody who says film is unaffordable or difficult!"
Perry has always been a supporter of indie/DIY film and the idea that anyone, even equipped with a camera that isn't some sort of RED 8K rig, can make a film.
AJ and Aly are sisters/musical artists with Hollywood ties, as well. Both have been seen in major roles in big projects, with Aly Michalka co-starring with Emma Stone in the comedy "Easy A" and AJ Michalka starring in "The Goldbergs" series and its spin-off "Schooled" on ABC.
You can watch Perry's video for "Church" below:
https://news.avclub.com/vivian-girls-and-her-smells-alex-ross-perry-dust-off-th-1837992636
Vivian Girls and Her Smell's Alex Ross Perry dust off the VHS era in nostalgic video for "Sludge"
Today 12:00pmFiled to: MUSIC
Vivian Girls' tight pop-rock thunders beneath layers of bristly reverb, so it's no surprise that it sounds great when set against the grainy aesthetic of '90s VHS. Prolific filmmaker Alex Ross Perry, fresh off the cathartic punk epic Her Smell, directed this lived-in clip for "Sludge," saying in a statement that the recently reformed trio was a major inspiration on his latest film.
"I just counted: there are four different photos of Vivian Girls in the look book I made for Her Smell," he says. "So if you had told me when I was first seeing them at Death By Audio (or was it Union Pool?) in 2008 (or was it late 2007?) that over a decade later, we'd be collaborating on a music video, I would have been alarmed at the specificity of this prophecy."
He continues, "The notion was to invent a video for 'Sludge' that honored The Valley, toying with suburban nothingness and alienation, honoring filming locations from E.T. that are still emanating traces of decades-old magic. To explore the dichotomy of light and dark, mortal and immortal, self and self. Of then and now..."
Watch the evocative video below.
The magic of Vivian Girls' songwriting shimmers in their new tunes as well, the likes of which will be collected on their first new LP in eight years. Called Memory, it drops on September 20.


The fiber-optics giant says it will hit the high end of estimates for fourth-quarter earnings and outlines its strategy for long-term growth.
Fiber-optics giant Corning said Thursday that it will hit the high end of estimates for fourth-quarter earnings and outlined its strategy for long-term growth.
Corning, which is hosting an analyst meeting Thursday, said it will hit the high end of the range on its estimates for earnings of 26 cents to 28 cents a share for the fourth quarter and $1.15 to $1.17 per share for the full year 2000.
The Corning, N.Y.-based company said it plans to continue its strong growth and maintain its leadership in high-technology markets with its optical fiber and photonic technologies for optical networking and flat-panel glass for liquid crystal displays.
"This company continues to perform in an environment where many tech stocks are not hitting their numbers," said Hugh Evans, an analyst at T. Rowe Price Associates, which owns Corning shares. "Corning continues to meet or beat numbers, and the outlook is as good as it was a year ago."
For the fourth quarter, Corning said year-over-year optical fiber volume growth will be 30 percent to 35 percent. It also confirmed year-over-year revenue growth for its photonic technologies business of 100 percent, with sequential quarterly revenue growth of 25 percent. Year-over-year revenue growth for its LCD business is expected to exceed 70 percent in both the fourth quarter and the full year.
Corning also said it closed the acquisition of Pirelli's Optical Technologies business on Wednesday, and pro forma earnings exclude a $300 million to $500 million charge related to the deal. Analysts said the Pirelli deal will bolster Corning's product portfolio.
For 2001, Corning expects revenue in the range of $9.1 billion to $9.2 billion, up nearly 30 percent from this year, with pro forma earnings per share of $1.40 to $1.43.
The company's 2000 capital spending is expected to be between $1.6 billion to $1.8 billion, and research and development spending will be nearly $550 million, or about 8 percent of revenue. Next year, the company will increase its capital spending to $2.5 billion, and research and development spending will remain at about $725 million to $750 million.