text:
Country Listing
Egypt Table of Contents
Egyptian army members participating in joint United StatesEgyptian Exercise Bright Star, 1982
Courtesy United States Department of Defense
Army recruits followed a basic training program that included, when necessary, some remedial literacy training. After specialized training, recruits participated in the annual cycle of training that commenced at the small unit level and culminated in army-wide exercises. Individuals who volunteered to continue in service as NCOs attended a command school followed by specialized training and eventually became eligible for enrollment in an advanced career school for senior NCOs. Recruits in the navy and air force followed a similar program of basic training followed by specialized training. The navy, however, required shipboard service before specialization.
Five academies trained cadets (midshipmen) for commissioning as regular officers. The academies included the Military Academy, the Naval Academy, the Air Force Academy, the Military Technical Academy, and the Air Defense Academy. The oldest of these, the Military Academy, was located in Cairo, having been founded after Egyptian independence in 1922, when British influence in the military was still strong. In 1936 the Military Academy extended eligibility for admission to young men of lower-middle-class and peasant families. Graduates of the academy after the change in admissions policy went into effect included Nasser, Sadat, and seven others of the group known as the Free Officers who later led the 1952 military coup that toppled Egypt's monarchy.
Candidates applying for admission to the Military Academy were required to have a general secondary school certificate showing above-average grades. The academy based admissions decisions on the results of a competitive academic examination, a stringent physical examination, and a physical fitness test. Sons of military and police personnel and sons and brothers of men killed in action automatically received extra points in the scoring process. The Military Academy's curriculum included comprehensive undergraduate training and specific training in combat arms. Graduates of the three-year program were commissioned as second lieutenants. Newly commissioned army officers received branch training at schools operated by the infantry, artillery, armor, and several other branches.
The Naval Academy, located at the Ras at Tin naval base, offered an academic course comparable to the one offered by the Military Academy. The program at the Naval Academy, however, also included shipboard training during cruises that lasted from one to three months. On graduation, midshipmen were commissioned as ensigns. Engineers, communications specialists, and other technicians also graduated from the Naval Academy after following separate curricula. The Air Force Academy, about sixty kilometers northeast of Cairo at Bilbays, had a curriculum of theoretical, technical, and scientific subjects plus up to 200 hours of flying instruction. In 1988 the Air Force Academy reduced the period of study from four to three years. The academy also eased the requirement of a superior secondary school academic record to emphasize student's aptitude for flying through a series of tests. On successful completion of flight training and the academic program, graduates were commissioned as pilots or navigators; those who did not qualify were given administrative assignments in the air force or, in some cases, were transferred to another service.
The Military Technical Academy (also known as the Armed Forces Technical College), was located at Heliopolis. It educated technical officers for all armed forces and therefore reduced the need for foreign technical advisers. The Military Technical Academy's admissions office had more stringent entrance requirements than the Military Academy; applicants had to have a superior academic record in secondary-school science courses. Applicants to the Military Technical Academy also faced more difficult qualifying examinations in science and mathematics. Because of their intensive curriculum, graduates were commissioned as first lieutenants. Selected civilians who made a commitment to government service could also enroll in the Military Technical Academy. Under Abu Ghazala, the Military Technical Academy was upgraded by the grant of scarce resources for research in spite of retrenchment at civilian research facilities. The Academy of Military Medicine trained health workers and medical professionals. In 1986 the People's Assembly passed legislation calling for the development of a new Military Academy for Administrative Sciences. The Air Defense Academy, which opened in Alexandria in 1974, required five years of study leading to a bachelor's degree in engineering. Additional training followed on individual air defense systems.
The Command and General Staff College was founded in Cairo in 1939 as the Army Staff College, a name still frequently used. The school provided training in staff duties and command responsibilities for selected officers, usually majors and junior lieutenant colonels. The college provided intensive study of tactics, logistics, operations planning, and administration. The duration of the academic program was about eighteen months. Graduates received masters' degrees in military science and were considered qualified for assignment to staff positions at the division level and higher or to command a battalion or brigade. Completion of the staff college or an appropriate educational equivalent was a prerequisite for acceptance to senior military colleges.
Named in honor of Egypt's president at the time, the Nasser High Military Academy was founded in 1965. It was dedicated to the advanced education of senior officers of the armed forces and selected civilian government officials. It encompassed both the Higher War College and the National Defense College and was the summit of the officer education system. Studies at the Higher War College lasted for one year and emphasized familiarity with Egypt's military, economic, and international situation. This institution, which prepared students to participate in the formulation of Egypt's foreign and defense policies, awarded its graduates doctoral degrees in military sciences and national strategy. Foreigners were not permitted to enroll, but special courses were held for officers of friendly countries, such as Iraq, Somalia, Sudan, and Tunisia. In addition, beginning in 1980 the college held a number of symposia on African strategic issues and invited participants from most of the African countries.
The National Defense College admitted qualified applicants who were either senior officers or ranking civilians from state and public-sector institutions. The college gave preference to persons with a master's degree. The academic program, which lasted eleven months, emphasized national strategic planning and mobilization problems to develop a civilian's capabilities to hold a leadership position in state agencies.
Egypt started sending selected officers abroad for advanced training as early as the 1930s. Between the mid-1940s and mid1950s , hundreds of Egyptian officers attended schools in Britain, France, and the United States. When the Soviet Union became the chief supplier of Egypt's arms and equipment, it became the focal point of foreign military training. After Egypt severed relations with Britain and the United States in 1967, training abroad was conducted almost exclusively in the Soviet Union, although a few officers continued to attend French schools. Although some officers believed that the standard of instruction in Soviet institutions was seriously deficient, nearly all Egyptian officers below the rank of major general at the time of the October 1973 War had attended staff schools or received specialized training in the Soviet Union. Since the 1970s, Egypt sent almost all of its advanced military students to institutions in Western countries.
Data as of December 1990


Overall Bow: 8" x 4" x 2"
Embroidery Design: Spring Flower 3.52" x 3.04"
Embroidered Name is sized per custom order.
Say Happy Spring with this great matching set of a white hand towel and bow. This is a lovely Spring Flower embroidery design with a personalized name on towel and initial on bow. Every little girl would love to call this set her own! The flower has lime green stem and leaves, hot pink petals, yellow and orange center. The name is matching below in a hot pink color and Mono curls font. These colors can change if you need to match your bathroom. The bow has a 1" Initial on the front tail in a lime green color.


text:
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The Register Forum
A Tribute to Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Havana De Celis
Esther Cull-Kahn, Assistant Managing Editor
On Friday, September 18th, the death of Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, popularly known as RBG, shocked the nation. Ginsburg led an incredible life, characterized by her hard work, resilience, dedication, and commitment to the people of the United States. Her passing not only brought immense sorrow among Americans, but also fear. With the November election quickly approaching, the fate of the Supreme Court remains unknown. Whether or not Trump can appoint a justice before the election is determined by Congress, which is currently majority Republican. Regardless of what the future holds, the Register Forum remembers icon Ruth Bader Ginsburg.
Ginsburg was born in 1933 in Brooklyn, New York. After receiving her bachelor's degree at Cornell University, she went on to get her law degree from Columbia University. In college she met her life-long partner, Martin Ginsburg, who was her biggest supporter throughout her career. Apart from completing her own education, Ginsburg had and raised a child, and took care of her partner during his spur of cancer. Before the Supreme Court, Ginsburg taught civil law at Rutgers and Columbia Law School. In the 1970s, she served as a board member on the American Civil Liberties Union. In 1980, she was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals, and worked as an appellate judge until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 1993.
The work she did for the rights of women and the concept of equal protection under the law was irreplaceable."
— Dr. Eva Lam
During her service on the Supreme Court, Ginsburg fought tirelessly for equality, most famously women's rights. Some of the cases she supported were Whole Woman's Health v. Hellerstedt (2016), which made it illegal for Texas to place restrictions on abortion services, and Stenberg v. Carhartt (2000), which ensured the safety of women during abortions. One of the most well-known cases that RBG supported was Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized gay marriage. RBG's fight against misogyny in the courts paved an irreplaceable path for women in America today. Dr. Eva Lam, a CRLS history teacher, explained to the Register Forum, "The work she did for the rights of women and the concept of equal protection under the law was irreplaceable … because her success in the face of misogyny represented the version of America that I want to live in, where good people succeed in demanding that our nation fulfill its founding promises, and we're all better off for it."
RBG's outspokenness and perseverance made her unafraid to address issues of importance. CRLS history teacher Ms. Lily Rayman-Read told the Register Forum, "What aspect of her loss is it that is most keenly felt? … She stood for the very best we had in our society, and she stood up for the very values we all hope to espouse." RBG's commitment to justice has also inspired younger generations to fight in the same manner she did. Senior Bevin O'Toole explained her personal connection to Ginsburg: "RBG has inspired me to use my voice for justice. Whether that be for gender discrimination or racial justice, RBG introduced to me the power that I hold in my education and the ways in which I use my voice to articulate my concerns." O'Toole continued, "She was truly a fascinating jurist. I credit her for my interest in social justice today."
'She stood for the very best we had in our society, and she stood up for the very values we all hope to espouse.'"
— Ms. Lily Rayman-Read
Without Ginsburg on the court, panic is creeping in across the nation. Senior Jack Keane explains to the Register Forum, "It really puts in perspective how critical a figure she was in preserving hope for the country." With the November 3rd election approaching rapidly, the future of the Supreme Court is in the hands of the President. Whether that president will be Donald Trump or his opponent, Joe Biden, is still unknown. Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell set a precedent in 2016: If there is a Supreme Court opening during an election year, a replacement should not be appointed until after the election, yet McConnell has already committed to having a vote on the Senate floor before the election. Nobody knows how the future will play out, but one thing is for sure: RBG would want you to vote.
The Genius of Jacob Collier
How TikTok is Ruining the Music Industry
"ACAB" and the History of Policing in America
The Importance of Street Art
Mona Lisa's Online Campaign Illuminates Restaurant Industry Woes
Biden Seeks to Restore Qualification to the White House with Nominated Cabinet Leaders
Azusa Lippit, Assistant Managing Editor
After four years of dramatic changes to the presidential administration both in replacements and the full elimination of certain positions, President-Elect Joe Biden's nominations for the top positions of his cabinet were highly anticipated. "It's a team that reflects the fact that America is back," Biden explained during his first announcement, "[We are] ready to lead the world, not retreat from it." Standouts within his nominations include Linda Thomas-Greenfield as United Nations Ambassador, Jake Sullivan as National Security Advisor, and former Secretary of State John Kerry as Climate Czar, a new position to demonstrate Biden's commitment to fighting climate change. Nominated amidst newfound celebrity and name recognition, Dr. Anthony Fauci is to serve as Chief Medical Advisor on COVID-19 alongside California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, nominated as Secretary of Health and Human Services. Most notable, however, are Biden's nominations for Treasury Secretary and Secretary of State, Janet Yellen and Antony Blinken respectively.
Distributing the Vaccine Is Half the Battle
In light of the coronavirus pandemic, pharmaceutical companies have worked at unprecedented speeds to develop a vaccine. Pfizer/BioNTech, along with Cambridge-based Moderna, recently began delivering their vaccines to Massachusetts hospitals and first responders. The public may begin to receive them according to a plan outlined by Governor Charlie Baker. The plan follows a three phase release that targets different populations to ensure maximum effectiveness and efficient usage. The first phase, which is already underway, will go towards front line medical workers. The second phase, slated to begin in mid-February, sees around 1.9 million vaccines distributed with priority given to those 65 and older as well as those with preexisting conditions that make them especially vulnerable. Most of the educators and faculty who work at CRLS will be able to receive the vaccine during this phase. As for lower-risk CRLS students and the rest of the population, the current time frame is mid-April. [pullquote speaker="" photo="" align="left" background="off" border="none" shadow="off"]There is much to be optimistic about as a return to normalcy nears[/pullquote] Although a plan is in place, the logistics of distribution may prove to be a significant challenge. For one, both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines must be kept at an extremely cold temperature right up to their use. Pfizer's case is especially extreme, requiring a minimum temperature of negative 94 degrees Fahrenheit. Moderna, while still requiring refrigeration, is less of an issue to the supply chain as it only needs to be stored at negative four degrees fahrenheit. Another hurdle to the vaccine's success is ensuring that everyone gets it. There is currently no fast track for delivering the vaccine to incarcerated people, who are one of the most at risk populations. The requirement of refrigeration means that for many rural communities, gaining immunity may mean a lot of transportation, at their own cost. A solution to this was touted by Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth William Galvin, who pushed for a National Vaccination Day for everyone to get it at once, which might bring up additional issues related to l
The Events That Shaped 2020
2020 is a year that has been characterized by bad events. Since we've almost gotten past this disastrous year, let's look back at some of the more notable events. The Fires: In Australia, the 2020 bushfire season, which began in June of last year and ended in May of this year, ravaged the country's forests. Grimly named the "Black Summer," an estimated 18.6 million hectares of land were affected by the fires. In New South Wales alone, around 800 million animals were killed by bushfires. The fires have cost the Australian government over $100 billion dollars in damages. In California, the wildfire season of 2020 also caused massive amounts of destruction. Many millions of acres of land were burned, making this season the most destructive in California's history. These fires are a grim sign of the path the world is taking down the road of climate change.
The Student Newspaper of Cambridge Rindge and Latin
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text:
Cumbrian keeper Scott Carson completes surprise loan move to Premier League champions Man City from Derby
By Thomas Reeves
Surprise move: Cumbrian keeper Scott Carson has signed for Man City on loan today
Whitehaven-born former England goalkeeper Scott Carson admits "it's every player's dream" to play under Pep Guardiola after he completed a shock move to Premier League champions Man City.
Carson, who grew up in Cleator Moor, today signed a year-long loan deal with Guardiola's team from Championship outfit Derby.
The 33-year-old, who counts Leeds, Liverpool, West Brom and Wigan among his former clubs, told Man City's website: "It's an honour to have signed for City on loan.
"It's something I didn't expect but an opportunity I simply could not turn down. To be part of this squad – the champions of England – is a dream come true.
"I can't wait to see Pep's work on the training field up close. What he has achieved in his management career has been amazing, and it's every player's dream to play under him.
"Hopefully, my experience will prove useful as we try and make it three Premier League titles in a row."
Director of football Txiki Begiristain added: "We're delighted to be able to recruit Scott into the squad for the coming season.
"We have strength in depth in the goalkeeping department and the wealth of experience Scott will bring to the squad will be important as we once again look to compete on all fronts."
Meet Cumbria's next rising goalkeeping star - who is already shining for Manchester City and England
Gethin Jones: Other clubs called, but I didn't want to leave Carlisle Utd
Carlisle Utd boss says he wants "young, ambitious players" after taking tally of January signings to four
Carlisle hunting for a Harrogate double
M-Sport expand with Bentley and WRC 2 for FIA World Rally Championship
Sam Richardson has big aims for womens cricket in the county
Equestrianism world raising funds for Australian bush fires
Legend Ike Southward's sons inspire Town head coach ahead of derby
Carlisle Kestrels American Football team hoping to soar again


text:
__revision__ = "__FILE__ __REVISION__ __DATE__ __DEVELOPER__"

"""
Test the ability to call the ipkg tool trough SCons.

TODO: make a test to assert that the clean action removes ALL intermediate files
"""

import os
import TestSCons

python = TestSCons.python
test = TestSCons.TestSCons()
ipkg = test.Environment().WhereIs('ipkg-build')

if not ipkg:
  test.skip_test("ipkg-build not found, skipping test\n")

test.write( 'main.c', r"""
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    return 0;
}
""")

test.write( 'foo.conf', '' )

test.write( 'SConstruct', r"""
env=Environment(tools=['default', 'packaging'])
prog = env.Install( 'bin/', Program( 'main.c') )
conf = env.Install( 'etc/', File( 'foo.conf' ) )
env.Tag( conf, 'CONF', 'MEHR', 'UND MEHR' )
env.Package( PACKAGETYPE = 'ipk',
             source      = env.FindInstalledFiles(),
             NAME        = 'foo',
             VERSION     = '0.0',
             SUMMARY     = 'foo is the ever-present example program -- it does everything',
             DESCRIPTION = '''foo is not a real package. This is simply an example that you
may modify if you wish.
.
When you modify this example, be sure to change the Package, Version,
Maintainer, Depends, and Description fields.''',

             SOURCE_URL       = 'http://gnu.org/foo-0.0.tar.gz',
             X_IPK_SECTION    = 'extras',
             X_IPK_PRIORITY   = 'optional',
             ARCHITECTURE     = 'arm',
             X_IPK_MAINTAINER = 'Familiar User <user@somehost.net>',
             X_IPK_DEPENDS    = 'libc6, grep', )
""")

expected="""scons: Reading SConscript files ...
scons: done reading SConscript files.
scons: Building targets ...
gcc -o main.o -c main.c
gcc -o main main.o
Copy file(s): "main" to "foo-0.0/bin/main"
Copy file(s): "foo.conf" to "foo-0.0/etc/foo.conf"
build_specfiles(["foo-0.0/CONTROL/control", "foo-0.0/CONTROL/conffiles", "foo-0.0/CONTROL/postrm", "foo-0.0/CONTROL/prerm", "foo-0.0/CONTROL/postinst", "foo-0.0/CONTROL/preinst"], ["foo-0.0/bin/main", "foo-0.0/etc/foo.conf"])
ipkg-build -o %s -g %s foo-0.0
Packaged contents of foo-0.0 into %s/foo_0.0_arm.ipk
scons: done building targets.
"""%(os.popen('id -un').read().strip(), os.popen('id -gn').read().strip(), test.workpath())

test.run(arguments="--debug=stacktrace foo_0.0_arm.ipk", stdout=expected)
test.must_exist( 'foo-0.0/CONTROL/control' )
test.must_exist( 'foo_0.0_arm.ipk' )

test.subdir( 'foo-0.0' )
test.subdir( [ 'foo-0.0', 'CONTROL' ] )

test.write( [ 'foo-0.0', 'CONTROL', 'control' ], r"""
Package: foo
Priority: optional
Section: extras
Source: http://gnu.org/foo-0.0.tar.gz
Version: 0.0
Architecture: arm
Maintainer: Familiar User <user@somehost.net>
Depends: libc6, grep
Description: foo is the ever-present example program -- it does everything
 foo is not a real package. This is simply an example that you
 may modify if you wish.
 .
 When you modify this example, be sure to change the Package, Version,
 Maintainer, Depends, and Description fields.
""")

test.write( 'main.c', r"""
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    return 0;
}
""")

test.write('SConstruct', """
env = Environment( tools = [ 'default', 'ipkg' ] )
prog = env.Install( 'foo-0.0/bin/' , env.Program( 'main.c')  )
env.Ipkg( [ env.Dir( 'foo-0.0' ), prog ] )
""")

test.run(arguments='', stderr = None)
test.must_exist( 'foo_0.0_arm.ipk' )

test.pass_test()

# Local Variables:
# tab-width:4
# indent-tabs-mode:nil
# End:
# vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When it comes to growing your business, strong credit scores—both business and personal—can give you a significant advantage. Access to credit at good terms makes it easier for your business to take advantage of an opportunity—or to weather a crisis.
Along with revenue and time in business, credit is one of the most important factors when it comes to getting approved for financing and favorable supplier terms.
Download this ebook for the best credit strategies for a successful small business.
Paying on time is the single most important thing you can do to build strong credit.
Set up auto pay/payment reminders to ensure on-time payments going forward.
If you are using a personal credit card for business purchases, consider getting a business credit card that does not report regular activity to personal credit reports.
Having a mix of different types of accounts such as installment (mortgage, auto, student loan) and revolving (credit cards and lines of credit) is often helpful.
Create a legal business structure.
Download this ebook and learn the strategies to strengthen your credit.


Other than the love of their sport, all sports clubs have one thing in common. That is the challenge of tracking their members dues, publishing their schedules and events and receiving payments directly through their website.
membership maintenance and give you more time to enjoy your actual sport.


Cullen Bunn has been building up to the eventual confrontation between Sinestro and The Paling since the very beginning of his run on the Sinestro series and in this week's issue 18 nearly every piece he's put on the chessboard is put into motion. The Paling have come to Earth and it's up to the Sinestro Corps to save the day, but not without a little help.
This issue is a non-stop thrill ride in terms of the action that Bunn puts into his script for this month's outing. Readers who've stuck with the series from the beginning get rewarded as elements and seeds that Bunn has planted bear fruit and it's a treat to see Sinestro's plans come together even as Lyssa Drak warns us about the dire vision she has for this conflict. Even Mongul has a part to play in the latest chapter of this space opera.
The tension is thick as The Paling slip through Sinestro's forces and begin to have an effect on humanity, all the while Sinestro continues his internal assessment of the human spirit in terms of both its tendency to fall under the grip of fear and its indomitable tenacity in the face of defeat. Nax, who first appeared back in issue 14, plays a major role as fallen members of the Sinestro Corps rise again under The Paling's influence. Her psychic vivisection makes for a gory but effective display of power as does Black Adam literally tearing through the opposing forces.
Brad Walker shares art duties with Neil Edwards and while some of the past art pairings have been less than successful this month proves to be a good match. The imagery in this issue creates some great moments which greatly compliments the story. Perhaps the most memorable for me was seeing the deployment of the Manhunters bathing everything in a nearly blinding yellow light while Sinestro and Soranik Natu look on.
What's really interesting is how Sinestro choose to use the Manhunters to increase his army…..and who gets drafted for the battle. The Scarecrow is an obvious choice given his previous stint with the power ring during Blackest Night. The others, however, are intriguing to say the least. I will say that my initial thought is that Wonder Woman should have been rejected by the ring having worn a Star Sapphire ring during the aforementioned Blackest Night, but knowing that Sinestro has been doing some research and engineering with the emotional spectrum I would not be surprised if he has somehow been able to manipulate that particular limitation.
If there's one element that seems to be missing it's the continued absence of Saint Walker who we have not seen since issue 15. No doubt that Bunn has something in store for the Blue Lantern and his return to the spotlight will undoubtedly be at a suitably spectacular moment when whatever Sinestro's team has been doing with him will play out dramatically. Seeing how Sinestro has managed to build his forces and the lengths that he's gone to in order to ensure his victory has me worried for Bro'Dee's welfare to say the least.
Sinestro #18 continues Cullen Bunn's "event within a series" story as he bring The Paling to Earth and putting humanity at risk when there is no one to save them but Sinestro and the forces at his command. This issue brings everything Bunn has built upon from the start of his run back together in a momentous way, illustrated by a great pairing of artists Brad Walker and Neil Edwards. Ten out of ten lanterns.


The ear has long been used in acupuncture because, in addition to its ease of use, it contains scores of acupoints, which correspond to the reflex points in reflexology.
The ear is perhaps the most difficult area of the body to work with because there are so many reflexes in such a small space.
It becomes essentially a question of touch, pressing and exploring, and any sore point located can be massaged and worked out. By using a gentle sqeeze – and – roll method on the tops of the ears and the ear lobes number of areas can be stimulated. It has been reported that reflexology can help ear problems such as ringing in the ears, and the condition tinnitus may be alleviated to some extent.


Discussion in 'Mac Basics and Help' started by mojojojojo, Dec 9, 2013.
I know there are alot threads about external drive problems but I need suggestions in my specific problem.
So.. I'm using a 15" MBP from mid 2010 with i7 and a Western Digital 2 TB formated for mac, I don't know the exact model but I can find out if necessary, about 2 years old.
And I can't access the drive anymore. It doesn't show up in Finder. I can find it in Disk Utility but its name is "disk1s" which isn't what I named it. The "Control disk" and "Repair disk" buttons are grayed out so I cant do that.
I have rebooted both the computer and hard drive, bought a new USB cable, tried all my ports and it still doesn't work.
My friend can read the drive tho, on his Acer from 2010. He downloaded some software and it works.
Have you tried (paid software) Disk Warrior?
Or bring it to Apple Store and have it checked out?
Yes, I have Disk Warrior but I haven't used it yet. I don't know if Disk Warrior is the right tool since it seems like the data is there but I just can't connect. So is Disk Warrior the right thing for me or is there any other way?
Could this be caused by the issues that WD has having with their drive software? I know that they issues a statement in regards to possibly losing data - take a look at their site as your drive / software may need an update.
Sounds like you could be using the WD Turbo software. You can remove it with a risk of losing data though. If you don't have the WD drivers installed or you need the uninstaller, visit their site for up to date information.
There is no software for Mac (except WD Quick Formatter) on their site, and I haven't installed any software, but thanks for the tip.
I'll ask at their support and see what they think!
The WD drive is about 2 years old, is this correct?
Open the case and take the drive itself OUT of the case.
Assuming that the "bare drive" has a standard "SATA" type connector (see note below), I would suggest you get a USB3/SATA docking station. To see what these are, go to amazon.com and enter "usb sata dock" in the search area, and you will get many choices. These are very affordable (typically, less than $25), and will prove to be a very useful device in your Mac future.
Once you have the dock, put the drive inside, and connect to the Mac, and turn it on.
If the drive does not spin up, sounds like a hardware failure.
If the drive spins up, but doesn't mount on the desktop, could be corrupted directory that prevents it from mounting. If this is the case, and there are no hardware problems, the data on the drive may STILL BE RECOVERABLE.
If you do the above, and can get this far, report back and we'll take it from there.
WD is notorious for NOT using a standard SATA type connector for some of their pre-packaged external drives. You're going to have to open the case and examine the drive to know whether this is true for your situation or not.


text:
Home THEMES Angels & Cherubs The Last Supper Art Glass
The Last Supper Art Glass
Item# GM1019
A fine adaption of master artist Leonardo Da Vinci's famous "The Last Supper," one of the most inspiring religious images has here been reproduced in fine art glass. In this spiritual scene Jesus shares a last meal with his disciples, sharing remembrances and strengthened their faith for the trials to come. Art glass, also called stained glass, is created by a unique technique of fusing hand-rolled architectural glass with unique transparent enamels, then kiln fired at temperatures above 1100 degrees Fahrenheit so the colors actually become part of the glass. The shades and hues will stay bright and glowing with radiant color and provide a stunning view from either side. The art glass window is framed in zinc with a hanging chain for window display and a tabletop easel stand to enjoy this treasured piece in any room.
Window includes acrylic display stand and 9" long chain with snap hooks for hanging.
Hanging hardware not included.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Italian High Renaissance painter scientist mathematician and inventor Leonardo da Vinci was born and raised near Vinci Italy. He is often described as the quintessential Renaissance Man because of his endless curiosity and diverse talents not to mention being one of the greatest painters to ever live.
In 1466 da Vinci was the apprentice to Verrocchio one of the most proficient artists of the time who himself had learned from the great Donatello. At this workshop da Vinci gained training in drafting chemistry metallurgy and carpentry in addition to the artistic skills of painting drawing sculpting and modeling. After his years of training and creating paintings that even his teacher could not match da Vinci opened his own studio in Florence in 1476. It was here that he was commissioned to paint two of his most famous paintings The Virgin of the Rocks and The Last Supper. It was also later in Florence where da Vinci met Caterina Sforza who some believe was the model for the Mona Lisa the da Vinci painting central to art history and one of the most viewed portraits of all time.
Although vastly talented in anything he attempted Leonardo da Vinci's paintings are what made him most famous. His Mona Lisa and The Last Supper paintings are cultural icons and the most illustrated and imitated portrait and religious painting of all time. His drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also iconic.
As an inventor da Vinci was centuries ahead of his time; he essentially postulated the helicopter calculator and the use of solar power. His sketchbooks show blueprints for flying machines wings the human anatomy as well as numerous ruminations on such subjects that can only be described as extraordinary.
More works by this artist
Caring for your Stained Art Glass:
Any irregularities in your work of art from Glassmasters are inherent in the nature of fine stained glass. Streaking, bubbling, and striations are characteristic of the hand-rolling process used by glassmakers in the Middle Ages. After the enamels are applied to the glass, they are kiln-fired to become one with the glass. Because the colors are part of the glass, your Glassmasters stained glass has a lifetime warranty against fading and discoloration. The stained glass may be cleaned with any mild cleaning solution that does not contain any abrasives or acid. Use a soft cloth to dry and polish the surface.
15"Wx8.5"H. 1 lbs.
Almond Blossoms, 1890 Art Glass
Tree of Life Art Glass
Sunflowers, 1888 Art Glass
Irises, 1889 Art Glass
The Kiss, 1908 Art Glass
Mother and Child, 1905 Art Glass
Cafe Terrace at Night, 1888 Art Glass
The Dying Slave 1513 Statue: Large Gallery


text:
\section{Introduction}

Quantum states possess quantum correlations which are classically
unobtainable and act as an invaluable resource for quantum information
processing. For a long time, interests on quantum correlations focused on
quantum entanglement which is a special kind of quantum correlation enabling
fascinating tasks such as quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation
and superdense coding, etc \cite{horodecki}. Quantum entanglement does not
exist in separable states which are mixtures of separable direct product
states \cite{werner}. However, recent researches show that some separable
quantum states can exhibit their quantumness in many interesting
circumstances. In Ref.\cite{knill}, Knill and Laflamme introduced an
interesting computation model, deterministic quantum computation with one
quantum bit (DQC1), for which unentangled states can
provide exponential speed up over the best known classical algorithms.
Together with some other interesting tasks, such as locking of large amount
of classical correlations with small classical communication in unentangled
states, they ignite interests and studies on more general nonclassical
correlations or quantumness of quantum states \cit
{henderson,ollivier,cui,modi,winterprl,SKB,luo}. From an extensive
background, the nonclassical correlations or quantumness of quantum states
are always of fundamental importance for both quantum information theory and quantum
mechanics .

Among the nonclassical correlation measures proposed with different
motivations, quantum discord is an important one for capturing all the
nonclassical correlations in a bipartite quantum state \cit
{ollivier,henderson}. Researches on quantum discord develop quickly in
recent years. Direct calculations were carried out for some interesting quantum
states \cite{datta,giorda}. Operational meanings of quantum discord were
given in terms of some other important concepts like quantum state merging \cite{SKB,shabani,cavalcanti
. The dynamics of quantum discord were discussed in \cite{auccaise,streltsov
. Especially, experiments for quantum discord were also carried out \cit
{auccaise,auccaise1}. In this paper, we are mainly concerned with the
monogamy property of quantum discord.

Unlike the arbitrary shareability of classical correlations among
multipartite systems, the shareability of quantum correlations is always
constrained by some monogamy relation as in case of entanglement measure \cit
{coffman}. It says that for a multipartite state $\rho _{A_{0}A_{1}...A_{n}}$
and a quantum correlation measure $E$, the quantum correlation between
A_{0} $ and $A_{1}$, $A_{2}$,...,$A_{n}$ as a whole should be larger than
the sum of correlations between $A_{0}$ and $A_{1}$, $A_{2}$,...,$A_{n}$
separately, i. e. $E_{A_{0}|A_{1}...A_{n}}\geq \sum_{i}E_{A_{0}A_{i}}$. The
underlying intuition is that their difference should be genuine multipartite
quantum correlations which may exist only among three or more parties. In
\cite{coffman,osborne}, the authors constructed the monogamy relation for
qubit systems and concurrence which is a entanglement measure first
introduced by Hill and Wootters \cite{hill}. The monogamy relation in
continuous systems was provided in \cite{hiroshima}. More discussions on
monogamy of different quantum correlation measures can be found in, for
example, Refs. \cite{monogamy1,monogamy2,fan1,fan2}. Since quantum discord
quantifies the quantum correlations in a bipartite state, it is interesting
to study whether it also respects monogamy relation. Recently, Prabhu
\textit{et al.} \cite{prabhu} and Giorgi \cite{giorgi} have studied the
following monogamy relation for quantum discord
\begin{equation}
D^{\leftarrow }(\rho _{AB})+D^{\leftarrow }(\rho _{AC})\leq D^{\leftarrow
}(\rho _{A|BC}).  \label{monogamy1}
\end{equation
They showed that such a monogamy relation generally does not hold. In this
paper, we will study a different kind of monogamy relation for quantum
discord,
\begin{equation}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})+D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AC})\leq D^{\rightarrow
}(\rho _{A|BC}),  \label{monogamy2}
\end{equation
for a pure tripartite state $\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}\right\rangle $. Because
of the asymmetry of quantum discord, the above two monogamy relations are
quite different. Physically, the inequality (\ref{monogamy1}) means that the
measurement is taken on two parties, $B$ and $C$, coherently in right hand
side of the inequality and individually in left hand side of the inequality.
However, the inequality (\ref{monogamy2}) means that only one local
measurement on party $A$ is performed.

The outline of this paper is as follows. In the following section, after
reviewing the definition of quantum discord, we derive an equivalent
relation to the monogamy inequality (\ref{monogamy2}). Then through concrete
examples we numerically show that the monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) does not
generally hold. With squashed entanglement we also provide a special case
when monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) does hold. In the third section, we
discuss another interesting issue on quantum discord, the upper
bounds of quantum and classical correlations. Here, we give physical
explanations on the invalidity of previous conjectured upper bound of
quantum correlations. Finally we give our conclusions.

\section{Monogamy relations of quantum discord in a pure tripartite state}

In this section we will point out that the monogamy inequality (\re
{monogamy2}) can be reduced to a relation between entanglement of
formation (EoF) \cite{bennett}, a well-accepted entanglement measure, and
quantum mutual information. Before expanding our discussions, we first
review the definition of quantum discord. The definition is based on the difference between the total correlation and the classical correlation in the state, quantified by quantum mutual information and quantum conditional entropy by a local measurement, respectively.
For a general bipartite state $\rho _{AB}
, quantum mutual information $I(\rho _{AB})=S(\rho _{A})+S(\rho _{B})-S(\rho
_{AB})$, is generally taken to be the measure of total correlations, both
classical and quantum. In order to quantify the classical correlation, a
positive operator valued measurement (POVM) $\{\Pi _{i}\}$ is made on party
A$, the resulting state given by the shared ensemble $\{p_{i},\rho _{B|i}\}
, where $p_{i}=Tr_{A,B}(\Pi _{i}\rho _{AB}),\rho _{B|i}=Tr_{A}(\Pi _{i}\rho
_{AB})/p_{i}$. Similar to the classical conditional entropy, quantum
conditional entropy is defined as $S_{\{\Pi _{i}\}}(B|A)=\sum_{i}p_{i}S(\rho
_{B|i})$, then an alternative version of quantum mutual information with
respect to POVM $\{\Pi _{i}\}$ is defined as $J_{\{\Pi _{i}\}}^{\rightarrow
}(\rho _{AB})=S(\rho _{B})-S_{\{\Pi _{i}\}}(B|A)$. Maximizing $J_{\{\Pi
_{i}\}}^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})$ over all POVMs $\{\Pi _{i}\}$, we arrive at a
measurement independent quantity $J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})=\max_{\{\Pi
_{i}\}}[S(\rho _{B})-S_{\{\Pi _{i}\}}(B|A)]$ which captures all the
classical correlation present in $\rho _{AB}$. Taking the difference between total correlations and classical correlation, we obtain the following one way quantum
discord,
\begin{eqnarray}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB}) &=&I(\rho _{AB})-J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})
\notag \\
&=&S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{AB})+\min_{\{\Pi _{i}\}}\sum_{i}p_{i}S(\rho _{B|i}).
\label{discord}
\end{eqnarray
Symbol $\rightarrow $ shows that such defined correlation measure is
asymmetric, i.e. generally $D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})\neq D^{\leftarrow
}(\rho _{AB})$, where $D^{\leftarrow }(\rho _{AB})$ is based on POVM on
party $B$.

Now, let us consider a pure tripartite state $\left\vert \Psi
_{ABC}\right\rangle $. The quantum discord between $A$ and $BC$ as a whole
is the von Neumann entropy of $A$,
\begin{equation*}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{A|BC})=S(\rho _{A}).
\end{equation*
This means that by a von Neumann measurement with basis in agreement with
the Schmidt decomposition of bipartite partition $\left\vert \Psi
_{A|BC}\right\rangle $, the result is the quantum discord. On the other
hand, for pure state $\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}\right\rangle $, we have the
following relations between quantum discord and EoF \cite{fanchini},
\begin{equation}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})=S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{AB})+E_{F}(\rho _{BC}),
\label{dab}
\end{equation
\begin{equation}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AC})=S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{AC})+E_{F}(\rho _{BC}).
\label{dac}
\end{equation
From these relations, we hav
\begin{eqnarray*}
&&D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{A|BC})-D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})-D^{\rightarrow
}(\rho _{AC}) \\
&=&S(\rho _{AB})+S(\rho _{AC})-S(\rho _{A})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC}) \\
&=&S(\rho _{B})+S(\rho _{C})-S(\rho _{BC})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC}) \\
&=&I(\rho _{BC})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC}).
\end{eqnarray*
Therefore the monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) is reduced to
\begin{equation}
E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\leq \frac{I(\rho _{BC})}{2}.  \label{monogamy3}
\end{equation
Inequality (\ref{monogamy3}) shows that an inequality between quantum mutual
information and EoF of a bipartite state implies the monogamy inequality of
quantum discord in a tripartite state, which is the purification of the
bipartite state. In \cite{fanchi}, $I(\rho _{BC})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC})$ was
also found to be equal to the difference of classical correlation
J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})$ and quantum discord $D^{\rightarrow }(\rho
_{AB})$ between $AB$ which was named discrepancy.\ We know that quantum
mutual information is commonly considered to quantify the total correlations
\cite{groisman} and entanglement of formation is a measure of entanglement.
Interestingly, for any pure bipartite state $|\Psi _{AB}\rangle $, we have
that quantum mutual information, $I(\Psi _{AB})=2S(\rho _{A})$, is two times
of the entanglement of formation of state $|\Psi _{AB}\rangle $. This
inequality seems reasonable. Actually inequality (\ref{monogamy3}) has
already been analyzed as a postulate for measures of quantum correlation in
\cite{li}, where Li and Luo show that there are states for which inequality
\ref{monogamy3}) does not hold and they also argue that EoF may not be a
proper quantum correlation measure consistent with quantum mutual
information. Here, the existence of states violating eq.(\ref{monogamy3})
shows that monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) does not generally hold.
In the following we will discuss monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) through
some tripartite states.

\emph{Generalized pure three-qubit GHZ and W states.}---In Ref. \cite{prabhu
, a necessary and sufficient condition for quantum discord being monogamous
with inequality(\ref{monogamy1}) is given and applied to generalized GHZ and
W states. Based on numerical calculations of generalized W state, it was
conjectured that the quantum discord in these states is polygamous which is
confirmed in Ref. \cite{giorgi} with the conservation law for distributed
EoF and quantum discord \cite{fanchini}. Here, concerning with our proposed
monogamy inequality (\ref{monogamy2}), it can be easily seen that for
generalized GHZ states $\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}^{GHZ}\right\rangle =\alpha
\left\vert 000\right\rangle _{ABC}+\beta \left\vert 111\right\rangle _{ABC}
, relation (\ref{monogamy3}) holds since EoF is simply zero and hence
monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) holds. However, generalized W states are
different and direct calculations show that quantum discord in generalized W
states can be both monogamous and polygamous with inequality (\ref{monogamy2
). Explicitly, the generalized W states take the form,
\begin{equation}
\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}^{W}\right\rangle =\alpha \left\vert 011\right\rangle
_{ABC}+\beta \left\vert 101\right\rangle _{ABC}+\gamma \left\vert
110\right\rangle _{ABC}.  \label{wstate}
\end{equation
Without lose of generality, we assume that $\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma $ are all
real, and the normalization condition $\alpha ^{2}+\beta ^{2}+\gamma ^{2}=1
. We calculate $I(\rho _{BC})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC})$ for this state and the
results are given in Fig.1. It can be easily seen that though in most cases
quantum discord is polygamous ($D_{A\rightarrow BC}-D_{A\rightarrow
B}-D_{A\rightarrow C}<0$), when $\beta ^{2},\gamma ^{2}$ are small we have
D_{A\rightarrow BC}-D_{A\rightarrow B}-D_{A\rightarrow C}\geq 0$, which
means that quantum discord is monogamous between $A$ and $B,C$. In the
reduced bipartite state $\rho _{BC}$, $\alpha ^{2}$ is the proportion of
direct product state $\left\vert 11\right\rangle $, $\beta ^{2}+\gamma ^{2}$
quantifies the proportion of entangled state $\beta \left\vert
01\right\rangle _{BC}+\gamma \left\vert 10\right\rangle _{BC}$. Fig.1
implies that monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) is roughly related to the
entangled proportion $\beta ^{2}+\gamma ^{2}$ shared between $B$ and $C$.
Monogamy holds when this entangled proportion is small and polygamy holds
when it is large. Similar analysis can be made on generalized GHZ class
states which contain the above generalized GHZ states $\left\vert \Psi
_{ABC}^{GHZ}\right\rangle $ as a subset. One simple example is, $\left\vert
\Psi _{ABC}\right\rangle =\alpha \left\vert 000\right\rangle _{ABC}+\beta
\left\vert 100\right\rangle _{ABC}+\gamma \left\vert 111\right\rangle _{ABC}
, one can find that these states can also be both monogamous and polygamous.

\begin{figure}[tbp]
\includegraphics[width=0.38\textwidth]{RFigure1.eps}
\caption{Difference between mutual information and two times EoF for a
bipartite state of parties $B$ and $C$ from a generalized $W$ state in Eq.
\protect\ref{wstate}). It can be found that quantum discord can be both
monogamous and polygamous.}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[tbp]
\includegraphics[width=0.38\textwidth]{RFigure2.eps}
\caption{Difference between mutual information and two times EoF for
isotropic state in Eq.(\protect\ref{isotropicstate}). When dimension $d$
increases, the region of negative becomes larger corresponding to polygamy
for a pure tripartite state.}
\end{figure}

\emph{Isotropic states and Werner states.}---Since monogamy inequality (\re
{monogamy2}) is equivalent to inequality (\ref{monogamy3}) which concerns
only about a bipartite state $\rho _{BC}$, while party $A$ can be regarded
as an extension of this bipartite state for purification, we need only to
analyze bipartite state $\rho _{BC}.$ In the following we will consider
bipartite isotropic states \cite{Terhal} and Werner states \cite{vollbrecht}
which have analytical expressions for EoF \cite{Terhal}. The isotropic
states take the following form,
\begin{equation}
\rho _{BC}=\frac{1-F}{d^{2}-1}(I-\left\vert \Psi ^{+}\right\rangle
\left\langle \Psi ^{+}\right\vert )+F\left\vert \Psi ^{+}\right\rangle
\left\langle \Psi ^{+}\right\vert  \label{isotropicstate}
\end{equation
where, $0\leq F\leq 1$ and $\left\vert \Psi ^{+}\right\rangle =\frac{1}
\sqrt{d}}\sum_{i=1}^{d}\left\vert ii\right\rangle $, $d$ is dimension of
Hilbert space $B$ and $C$. First, since both reduced density matrices of
B,C $ are $I/d$, we have $S(\rho _{B})=S(\rho _{C})=\log _{2}d$. Second,
S(\rho _{BC})$ can be directly calculated as,
\begin{eqnarray}
S(\rho _{BC}) &=&-F\log _{2}F-(1-F)\log _{2}(1-F)  \notag \\
&&+(1-F)\log _{2}(d^{2}-1).
\end{eqnarray
From Ref.\cite{Terhal}, we know that the FoF of $\rho _{BC}$ is,
\begin{equation*}
E_{F}(\rho _{BC})=\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
0,~F\in \mathrm{I} \\
H_{2}(\gamma (F))+(1-\gamma (F))\log (d-1), \\
~~~~~~~~F\in \mathrm{II} \\
\frac{d\log (d-1)}{d-2}(F-1)+\log d,F\in \mathrm{III
\end{array
\right.
\end{equation*
where cases I,II,III are $[0,\frac{1}{d}],[\frac{1}{d},\frac{4(d-1)}{d^{2}
],[\frac{4(d-1)}{d^{2}},1]$, respectively, $\gamma (F)=\frac{1}{d}\left(
\sqrt{F}+\sqrt{(d-1)(1-F)}\right) ^{2}$, $H_{2}(x)=-x\log _{2}x-(1-x)\log
_{2}(1-x)$.

In Fig.2, we plot $I(\rho _{BC})-2E_{F}(\rho _{BC})$ for $d=4,5,10,15,115$,
whose lines are arranged from right to left. It can be seen that quantum
discord is monogamous when $F$ is small which means $\rho _{BC}$ has less
singlet fractions. With the increasing of dimension $d$, singlet $\left\vert
\Psi ^{+}\right\rangle $ has higher proportion and the quantum discord has
larger polygamous region. These results are consistent with the results
obtained for generalized pure three-qubit GHZ and W states.

Completely similar analysis can be made on the following Werner states
\begin{equation}
w_{BC}(x)=\frac{d-x}{d^{3}-d}I+\frac{dx-1}{d^{3}-d}P,x\in \lbrack -1,1]
\label{wernerstate}
\end{equation
where $P=\sum_{i,j=1}^{d}\left\vert ij\right\rangle \left\langle
ji\right\vert $ is the flip operator. We note that these analysis has been
carried out in \cite{li} and the results are quite similar with isotropic
states given above.

\emph{Observation based on squashed entanglement.}---For a pure tripartite
state $\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}\right\rangle $, if its reduced bipartite state
$\rho _{BC}$ satisfies $E_{D}(\rho _{BC})=E_{F}(\rho _{BC})$, then the
monogamy relations (\ref{monogamy2},\ref{monogamy3}) hold, where $E_{D}(\rho
_{BC})$ is the entanglement of distillation. This observation can be proved
with squashed entanglement which is defined in terms of conditional mutual
information \cite{christandl}
\begin{equation}
E_{sq}(\rho _{BC}):=\inf \{\frac{1}{2}I(B,C|E):\rho _{BCE}\text{ extension
of }\rho _{BC}\}.  \label{squashedentanglement}
\end{equation
In \cite{christandl}, it has been proved that $E_{D}\leq E_{sq}(\rho _{BC})
. Meanwhile we have $E_{sq}(\rho _{BC})\leq \frac{1}{2}I(\rho _{BC})$ since
I(B,C|E)$ is the \textquotedblleft squashed\textquotedblright\ correlation
from $I(\rho _{BC})$ where the classical correlations are squashed out as
much as possible. Obviously, when $E_{D}=E_{F}$, inequality (\ref{monogamy3
) is satisfied and quantum discord monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2})
between $A$ and $B,C$ in $\left\vert \Psi _{ABC}\right\rangle $\ holds.

\section{upper bounds on quantum discord and classical correlations}

In Ref.\cite{luo1}, it was conjectured that, given a bipartite sate $\rho
_{AB}$ defined in the Hilbert space $H_{A}\otimes H_{B}$, the following
upper bounds for quantum discord and classical correlations could exist
\begin{eqnarray}
J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB}) &\leq &\min [S(\rho _{A}),S(\rho _{B})],
\label{classcialupper} \\
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB}) &\leq &\min [S(\rho _{A}),S(\rho _{B})],
\label{quantumupper}
\end{eqnarray
In \cite{zhang}, the upper bound of classical correlation
\ref{classcialupper}) is proved to be true and the upper bound of quantum correlation
\ref{quantumupper}) is proved to be true only under some conditions. In \cite{giorgi},
based on known results of three qubits \cite{coffman}, Giorgi showed that
the above two upper bounds hold for rank-2 states of two qubits.
Now, with the features of quantum discord, we provide some more concise
discussions on these upper bounds. First, we assume the mixed $\rho _{AB}$ to be reduced from a pure tripartite state $\left\vert \phi
_{ABC}\right\rangle $ such that $Tr_{C}\left\vert \phi _{ABC}\right\rangle
\left\langle \phi _{ABC}\right\vert =\rho _{AB}$.

\emph{Upper bound on classical correlation.}---According to its definition,
the classical correlation is $J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})=S(\rho _{B})-\min
S(B|\{E_{j}^{A}\})=S(\rho _{B})-E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\leq S(\rho _{B})$, the
last inequality comes from the fact $E_{F}(BC)\geq 0$. In order to show that
we simultaneously have $J^{\rightarrow }\leq S(\rho _{A})$, we need to prove
the following inequality
\begin{equation}
E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\geq S(\rho _{B})-S(\rho _{BC}).
\label{coherentinformation}
\end{equation
This obviously holds since $S(\rho _{B})-S(\rho _{BC})$ is the coherent
information \cite{horodecki1,devetak} which is a lower bound for distillable
entanglement smaller than EoF. Therefore we know that the upper bounds for
classical correlation in (\ref{classcialupper}) holds.

\emph{Upper bound on quantum correlation.}---Here the quantum correlation
measure is just quantum discord, it is $D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})=S(\rho
_{A})-S(\rho _{AB})+\min S(B|\{E_{j}^{A}\})=S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho
_{C})+E_{F}(\rho _{BC})=S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{C})+\min
S(C|\{E_{j}^{A}\})=S(\rho _{A})-J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AC})\leq S(\rho
_{A}) $, the last inequality comes from the fact that $J^{\rightarrow }(\rho
_{AC})\geq 0$ or the concavity of entropy if we consider that $S(\rho
_{C})-E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\geq 0$. With one half of inequality (\re
{quantumupper}) proved, can we simultaneously prove another half of the
inequality, $D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})\leq S(\rho _{B})$ ? We only need
to consider the case $S(\rho _{A})>S(\rho _{B})$, then we should have
\begin{equation}
E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\leq S(\rho _{B})+S(\rho _{AB})-S(\rho _{A}),
\label{condition1}
\end{equation
Since $\left\vert \phi _{ABC}\right\rangle $ is a pure state, it is
equivalent to
\begin{equation}
E_{F}(\rho _{BC})\leq I(\rho _{BC}).  \label{condition3}
\end{equation
In general we consider that mutual information quantifies the total
correlations, it naturally seems to be larger than EoF which only quantifies
quantum correlation. However this is not true! Hayden, Leung and Winter \cit
{hayden} found that EoF in a bipartite state can be larger than its mutual
information. In \cite{li}, Li and Luo consolidated their findings and showed
that Werner state \cite{vollbrecht} has this property. From a Werner state
\rho _{BC}$ (\ref{wernerstate}) which violates (\ref{condition3}), a
purified tripartite state $\left\vert \phi _{ABC}\right\rangle $ can be
constructed with $S(\rho _{A})>S(\rho _{B})$. Then its reduced bipartite
state $\rho _{AB}$ violates the upper bound in (\ref{quantumupper}). On the
other hand, the violation of this upper bound can be understood from the viewpoint of
coherent information. Since $E_{F}(\rho _{BC})+J^{\rightarrow }(\rho
_{AB})=S(\rho _{B})$ \cite{monogamy1}, inequality (\ref{condition1}) is
equivalent to
\begin{equation}
S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{AB})\leq J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB}),
\label{condition2}
\end{equation
where $S(\rho _{A})-S(\rho _{AB})$ is one-way coherent information with
classical communication from $\mathit{B}$ to $\mathit{A}$ and
J^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB})$ is one-way distillable common randomness with
classical communication from $\mathit{A}$ to $\mathit{B}$, see Ref. \cit
{monogamy1}. We know that coherent information is a lower bound for
distillable entanglement which is a lower bound for secret key, while the
secret key rate between $\mathit{A}$ and $\mathit{B}$ is obviously smaller
than their distillable common randomness. Therefore the violation of (\re
{condition2}) means that there are states from which the distillable secret
key with classical communication from $\mathit{B}$ to $\mathit{A}$ can even
be larger than the distillable common randomness with classical
communication from $\mathit{A}$ to $\mathit{B}$.

Thus in general the conjectured upper bound of quantum discord in relation
\ref{quantumupper}) does not hold, however, a released upper bound of
quantum discord can be obtained,
\begin{eqnarray}
D^{\rightarrow }(\rho _{AB}) &\leq & \max [S(\rho _{A}),S(\rho _{B})].  \label{proper}
\end{eqnarray}

\section{Conclusion}

Quantum discord is an important quantum correlation measure. In this paper,
we discuss a monogamy relation for this measure which is different from the
monogamy relation proposed in Refs.\cite{prabhu,giorgi}. For a tripartite
pure state, monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) is reduced to a relation
\ref{monogamy3}) between mutual information and entanglement of formation in
a reduced bipartite state. Since relation (\ref{monogamy3}) does not
generally hold, monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) can be both monogamous
and polygamous for arbitrary pure tripartite states. Through numerical calculations with several explicit classes of
states, we show that monogamy relation (\ref{monogamy2}) is roughly related
to the entangled proportion shared in the reduced bipartite state. It holds
when the entangled proportion is small and turns into a polygamy relation
when the entangled proportion is large.

In this article, we also provide a concise discussion on a conjecture of
upper bounds for classical and quantum correlations in a bipartite state
\cite{luo}. We show that the upper bounds on quantum correlation may be
violated with a pure tripartite state constructed from a Werner state. The
physical meaning behind the violation is discussed with operational quantum information concepts. At the same time, a released upper bound (\ref{proper}) still holds. Our results should be useful for
further understanding of quantum discord and distribution of classical and
quantum correlations in multipartite states.

\noindent \emph{Acknowledgments.}---We thank Shuai Cui for useful
discussions. This work is supported by \textquotedblleft
973\textquotedblright\ program (2010CB922904) and NSFC (10974247, 11175248, U1204114,
11047174). X-J Ren acknowledges financial support from the education
department of Henan province.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Posted in Nottingham Rugby, Rugby Union
Andrade Called Up For Portugal
info@nottinghamsport.com January 13, 2022 Leave a Comment on Andrade Called Up For Portugal
Nottingham Rugby star Jose Andrade has been called up for the Portuguese National team ahead of his countries latest round of fixtures in next months Rugby Europe Championship.
The second row forward is an NTU student partnership player and has already played 13 times for Portugal and is set to face Georgia in Tbilisi on February 6th before his nation take on Romania in Bucharest a week later and end the month in Lisbon as they host the Netherlands on Feb 26th.
In March they travel to Madrid to take on Spain before hosting Russia to close their campaign, of which they are currently half way through, having won three and lost two of their five matches in a group which Georgia lead with a 100% record.
Before then, Andrade will be part of the squad that takes on Ealing Trailfinders on this Friday night at the Bay with the team already announced below:
Starting Team: Jack Stapley, David Williams, Charlie Thacker, Morgan Bunting, Harry Graham, Sam Hollingsworth, Michael Stronge, Aniseko Sio, Archie Vanes, Ben Betts, Jose Andrade, Callum Allen, Carl Kirwan, Nathan Tweedy, Scott Hall.
Replacements: Storm Hanekom, Toby Williams, Josh McNulty, Jack Ramshaw, Jacob Wright, Lewis Barrett, Sam Edwards, Theo Manihera.
Nottingham Head Coach Ollie Hammond stating ahead of the game which is the first at home in nearly two months "It's a big one. It feels a long time since we've been at home. Come down here on Friday night and cheer us on because we go well at home. The supporters always make great noise, and we've got a few spare jackets if you get cold. Come down and support us because it makes a massive difference."
Kick Off on Friday 14th January 2021 is 7:45pm.
Finally, commercially, the club has just announced a sponsorship agreement with Source Bioscience, a leading international provider of integrated laboratory products and services, including COVID-19 testing.
The partnership deal – which has been agreed for the remainder of the 2021-22 season – will see the company join as one of the club's platinum sponsors, with its logo emblazoned on the team's playing kit. It will also feature on advertising boardings and in matchday programmes at The Bay.
Headquartered in Nottingham with facilities across Europe and the United States, Source BioScience provides bespoke services and a diverse product offering for varying precision medicine, pathology, and stability storage requirements.
Andrew Jackaman, director of Nottingham Rugby, said: "We are delighted to have Source BioScience join us as a club sponsor – an organisation that is equally proud to be based in Nottingham and thrives off talent in the city."
Jackman continued "Nottingham Rugby and Source BioScience have undergone recent changes to executive management and reflect similar desires to expand under a clear strategic direction, all while remaining in touch with their roots in the city. We are optimistic for the future and are thrilled to have Source BioScience join us as a club sponsor."
Jay LeCoque, chief executive at Source BioScience, said: "It is an honour and pleasure to be supporting Nottingham Rugby. It is an ambitious club with clear intentions to improve on and off the pitch this season so we look forward to supporting the club's hard work and efforts towards future successes.
"This sponsorship deal is a fantastic opportunity to connect with a wider audience while strengthening ties with the local community, supporting our mission to provide quality and trusted laboratory services offerings with excellent client support."
With a focus to improve patient diagnosis, management and care, Source BioScience has recently provided COVID-19 mobile and home testing services for business and directly to the wider public.
Nick Bills, director of healthcare at Source BioScience, added: "We rapidly scaled our COVID-19 testing capabilities and are also one of the few labs in the UK who are able to quickly identify mutations. As an agile organisation, we are also primed to support NHS and private providers with tackling the backlog of elective procedures that have been delayed due to the pandemic.
"Source BioScience is at the forefront of life science innovation and we have several exciting plans in the pipeline for 2022 and beyond across our pathology, genomics, and precision medicine offerings."
For more information about Nottingham Rugby and its commercial packages, head to www.nottinghamrugby.co.uk or for further information about Source BioScience, please visit www.sourcebioscience.com.
*Main image @NottinghamRugby Jose Andrade will be swapping green and white for red and green.
Tagged Nottingham, Rugby Union
Worksop Win On The Road →
← Pattinson Rejoins Notts


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Tax & Budget
Artis Ware Center
Oran P. Smith, Ph.D
Did you miss the big tax and energy news?
During those mad, mad days at the end of December, known as the Christmas holiday news hole, a number of bombshells dropped. Here are two that you will want to know about.
Progress on the sale of Santee Cooper. Avery Wilks of The State reports that on the day before the state Public Service Commission approved the SCANA-Dominion Energy merger there was a "secret meeting" in North Charleston hosted by ICF International. ICF is the Virginia firm hired by the Santee Cooper Recommendation Committee to vet offers for the purchase of state-owned electricity utility Santee Cooper. It appears that six suitors attended.
The pivot from SCANA to Santee Cooper had begun.
That already means Palmetto Promise Institute was correct that $9 billion poured down a hole in Fairfield County by Santee Cooper and SCANA, $4 billion in Santee Cooper nuclear debt and a total (principal and interest) of $15 billion wouldn't drive away all legitimate bidders.
The room was filled with legal and accounting brainpower from Duke Energy (based in North Carolina and serving 750,000 in South Carolina with two affiliated companies), Dominion Energy (of Virginia who just bought SCANA and Carolina Gas Transmission in 2015), NextEra Energy (Florida, who owns Florida Power & Light), Pacolet Milliken Enterprises (Greenville, who owns Lockhart Power and NiAmerica), LS Power (New York, who just sold a gas-powered plant to SCE&G) and representatives of the 20 electric cooperatives in South Carolina (who buy a majority of Santee Cooper's power but own no electricity generation assets themselves).
That's an impressive group. They were there because they were invited (that means they had enough juice to make the cut with ICF) and because they had enough interest to come get their questions answered about Santee Cooper's balance sheet and operations.
The timeline will be tight—bids are due January 14, ICF will score the bids and report to the legislative Santee Cooper Committee in late February, and the General Assembly, who must vote on the recommendation, will adjourn (barring a special session) in late May.
Time is of the essence for another reason: ratepayers are hurting. According to The State, direct-serve Santee Cooper customers are already paying about $5 a month to cover the nuclear project. Santee Cooper says their customer bills will increase another $13 a month over the next 38 years. According to our Palmetto Promise research, based on real numbers, that is a low-ball estimate.
North Carolina's tax law revolution.
On January 1 here's what happened:
North Carolina's personal income tax rate fell from 5.49% to 5.25%.
Its standard deduction, or "zero tax bracket," for families filing jointly increased from $17,500 to $20,000, and from $8,750 to $10,000 for individuals.
Its corporate tax rate fell from 3% to 2.5%. That's the lowest rate in the nation.
5 million North Carolinians are now exempt from state income tax (that's 30% of all income tax returns filed).
354,326 adults will be removed from the income tax rolls (a 23% increase in individuals exempt from the state income tax).
North Carolinians will save about $380 million in the 2018-19 fiscal year, $780 million in 2019-2020, and $810 million in 2020-2021.
But, those economy-boosting reforms are NOT new to North Carolina.
Earlier tax reform efforts in The Tarheel State caused the economy there to add a whopping 100,000 jobs in 2018, with rural areas growing as well as suburban and urban.
Economic growth, increased state revenue, and continued rate reductions that benefit real working families is happening in North Carolina. That's encouraging news for the hard work ahead here in South Carolina to stand up for the small businesses and economically challenged South Carolinians who are getting hammered by our current code here.
The Christmas break takeaway? The move to let free enterprise run Santee Cooper is gaining traction, and tax reform in North Carolina is paying dividends.
If we seize the day, we can make 2019 the "Year of the Ratepayer" and "The Year of the SC Taxpayer!"
2023-2024 Palmetto Freedom Agenda
Dear Friend, As the newly appointed President and CEO, please allow me to introduce myself. My name is Wendy Damron. I moved down to the Charleston area from Michigan in 2013 with my husband, Jason, and our two children to escape the cold climate. We instantly fell in love with the people, the culture, and the beauty of South Carolina. I immediately saw so much potential here and
Palmetto Promise Institute Announces New President & CEO
Palmetto Promise Institute (PPI) is pleased to announce the appointment of Wendy Damron as the organization's new President and CEO, effective January 16th, 2023.
A Big Man and the Little Guy: Remembering Joe Taylor
This week, it was important for us to take a moment to honor the life of a dear friend of Palmetto Promise Institute. Joe Taylor was simply one-of-a-kind: a big man with a big personality and big ideas. Chances are, if you met him, you'd walk away with a "Joe story." Much has been said
Promoting Public Policy that Helps South Carolinians Flourish
Stay informed on the important issues facing South Carolina today!
Palmetto Promise Institute
Copyright © 2023 Palmetto Promise Institute


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Aivilik () is a territorial electoral district (riding) for the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut, Canada.

The riding consists of the communities of Naujaat (formerly Repulse Bay) and Coral Harbour. The district was created prior to the 28 October 2013 general election. The communities were previously in Akulliq and Nanulik.

Election results

References

Electoral districts of Kivalliq Region
2013 establishments in Nunavut

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Seat Finder
Corporate Suite
Community and Funding
Celebrating the Good Life in Dunedin
By Dunedin Venues | Posted: Thursday November 10, 2016
If men are from Mars and women from Venus, the Man Cave and She Shed project at The Great Kiwi Home & Living Show illustrated the difference. The cosy and inviting She Shed, with its twinkly lights framing wide open double doors, comfy couch, mauve velvet cushions, plush carpet, pastel shades, tempting art materials and flexible space expressed what many women look for when they want some time out quiet, tranquillity and the opportunity to do their own thing.
The Man Cave on the other hand was all hard edges, with brightly coloured decorations and rugby memorabilia, a bar, dartboard, beer on tap, TV screen, camo green paint job, all set for a party.
Renowned Dunedin fashion designer Tanya Carlson and former All Black Stephen Donald designed all aspects of the two standard 3.6 m by 2.4 m sheds. The materials and labour were donated and the sheds were auctioned, raising $23,000 for the New Zealand Breast Cancer Foundation and the New Zealand Movember Foundation which works to raise awareness and raise funds for research into men's health issues.
Wanaka resident Annabel Langbein, star of TV cooking shows and cookbooks whose fame has spread worldwide, turned on a performance which delighted the very attentive crowd. And who would have thought that aquafaba, the cooking liquid in a can of chickpeas, would have turned out to be her secret ingredient. Perfect meringues and mayonnaise are only two of the many things that you can make with this cheap and readily available liquid that most of us pour down the sink. She explained to an incredulous crowd that protein from the chick peas gets into the water during cooking, making aquafaba an ideal substitute for egg white.
Annabel turned the chick peas into a delicious and nutritious dip, and used the liquid from the can as an ingredient in aioli, as well as whipping some and adding melted chocolate. She passed these around with vegetables and fruit for the audience to try. She kept the crowd entertained with tales from her youth including her possum hunting days when she made preserves over an open fire, and stressed the point that she's a cook and not a chef. Learning a few basic methods of cookery is important and it's like music. 'You learn a few chords then you learn to put them together, then you're making up your own tunes.'
Visitors to the show could listen to a wide range of fascinating speakers on architecture, landscaping, and food, while those wanting to chill out with friends over a plate of Southern delicacies enjoyed an ever changing line up of young local solo musicians. Children enjoyed the ultimate chill out zone with huge inflated creations to bounce and slide on, art activities, performers, books and even their own food stall.
With 100 exhibitors covering homes, gardens, cars, boats, leisure, entertainment and holidays, the first Home & Living Show at the Stadium showcased Southern living at its best.
Forsyth Barr Stadium
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Kaizer Chiefs head coach Ernst Middendorp expressed his disappointment after seeing his side play to a 1-1 draw with Soweto rivals Orlando Pirates on Saturday.
After a goalless first half, Amakhosi went on to claim the lead through Daniel Cardoso's 53rd-minute penalty and looked to be heading for a narrow win before Thembinkosi Lorch popped up with the equaliser ten minutes from full-time.
Middendorp felt the result was not an accurate reflection of the game, but also admitted he exp3ected "a bit more" from his players on the day.
"Yeah we had a goal and the game was clear to our advantage, we wanted to score the second goal and we had chances, then we were punished," he told SuperSport TV after the match.
"It's definitely a result we cannot be pleased with. I didn't change at half-time, but we changed when we were leading 1-0," he responded.
"We had to bring in (Willard) Katsande and then we kept our structure, it was the same. It was just a change of the young guy (Happy Mashiane) and brought in Philani Zulu, it's just an experience for him at his age," said the coach.
"We saw he was going losing concentration a little bit more, I could see. But what I am thinking is that we had our goalkeeper sitting down and the defender but the referees allowed the game to continue, that is something we are not happy about," he added.
"No, no it was definitely (result) not a reflection of the game, where we are coming from and reflecting now on the changes in the team and with the young players we have introduced, playing against a Champions League team, I expected a bit more, having a goal and drive, then we deserve to win.
"At least with a 2-1 win then we should say we deserved it."


This entry was posted in Alumni Magazine, Camp Pemigewassett, Milestones, Pemi Alumni, Pemi History and tagged Alumni, News, Notes. Bookmark the permalink.
I would enjoy contact with any old friends out there. I was at Pemi the summers of 1943 -1946.
My email is [email protected]. I currently live in an old people's facility in Denton, TX and spend summers at a cottage near Traverse City,MI.


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Home » Health News » How the Delta Variant Affects Whether You Should Wear a Mask or Not
How the Delta Variant Affects Whether You Should Wear a Mask or Not
July 2, 2021 TimeMagazine Off Health News
As infections involving the new Delta variant of the COVID-19 virus continue to increase around the world, including in the U.S., health experts are yet again revisiting advice about who should wear masks and when.
On June 28, the Los Angeles County public health department advised all people, including those who are vaccinated, to wear masks in most indoor public settings, based on the fact that nearly half of the virus from cases in the county that were genetically sequenced now belong to the Delta variant. The variant, first identified in India, is far more contagious than previous strains of SARS-CoV-2, and could cause more severe disease. Then the World Health Organization reaffirmed its advice that vaccinated people continue to wear masks when in public settings as a precaution. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has still not changed its guidance for vaccinated people, last revised in May, which states that fully vaccinated individuals can resume most of their normal activities, without masks. CDC director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said in a broadcast interview that vaccines continue to protect against the Delta variant, and that it's more important for unvaccinated people to wear masks to protect themselves from getting infected. But she did acknowledge that local and state policies could decide to be more stringent because of rising cases of infections with the Delta variant.
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That's the case in L.A. county. Studies show that vaccines provide people with sufficient protection from getting sick with COVID-19, but even vaccinated people can still get infected and experience symptoms, albeit milder ones and very rarely. That's why Los Angeles health officials issued the recommendation for all people, vaccinated or not, to wear masks indoors in grocery stores, theaters, workplaces and restaurants when not eating, since it's hard to know whether other people in those environments are vaccinated. The advice comes just after the county had relaxed social restrictions and allowed restaurants, retail and entertainment facilities to open as more people were vaccinated.
Dr. Muntu Davis, health officer for L.A. County, says the decision is based on the continued uncertainty about how much vaccine immunity protects against the Delta variant. Early data from Israel suggest that even fully vaccinated people can become infected with the Delta variant, which isn't entirely surprising since studies show that the vaccines are about 80% effective in shielding people from getting COVID-19. Since there is a chance, even though it's small, that vaccinated people can still get infected and potentially pass along the virus to unvaccinated individuals, asking vaccinated people to wear masks in public is "prudent," says Davis. He says that in making the recommendation, officials considered the fact that four million people in the county are unvaccinated, and that by all accounts, vaccinated people who do get infected could experience no symptoms or mild symptoms and therefore might not know they can transmit the virus.
Local health officials across the country may soon be facing similar decisions. Nationally, nearly 70% of adult Americans have had at least one shot, but that number is much smaller in some parts of the country, making those areas at higher risk for outbreaks involving the Delta variant.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and chief medical advisor to the White House, has said that the best way to slow or stop the variant is to vaccinate as much of the population as possible, as quickly as possible. Variants like Delta only emerge when the virus is reproducing and making copies of its genetic code; and it can only do this freely in someone with little immune defenses to counter infection—such as unvaccinated people.
The unvaccinated continue to be the most vulnerable to getting infected and becoming potentially severely ill with COVID-19, since the variant is highly contagious. Preliminary reports from Australia using close-circuit cameras that monitored how long people known to be infected had been in contact with people who eventually become infected suggest the Delta variant doesn't need much time to hop from one person to another.
"The Delta variant is more infective, more contagious. So given that it is so contagious, and that there are wide swaths of the country that don't even have 50% of people vaccinated in the U.S., then I think that the mask recommendations are absolutely in line with how we've been approaching the pandemic from the get-go," says Dr. Kirsten Lyke, professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine who is leading some of the COVID-19 vaccine trials. "I personally err on the side of caution, and wear a mask indoors and out even though I'm vaccinated. I just think we've been surprised enough by COVID-19 that I'm not sure we fully understand the Delta variant, and the degree to which it is transmissible."
Lyke says that vaccinated people can have "some degree of comfort" if they are unmasked and outdoors, as the CDC suggests, but that everyone, vaccinated or not, should "continue to be wary. There are micropockets of people who are not vaccinated. And the Delta variant is just going to roar through them."
Vaccines and masks are an insurance policy for everyone, says Davis. "We think of vaccines like seatbelts. If you were in an accident, you're less likely to have a serious outcome." Given that there are millions of people still unvaccinated—and remaining uncertainties about how likely it is that a vaccinated person can spread the virus—the mask recommendation makes sense, he says, "while we are watching and learning more about the Delta variant. It's not a requirement, but a recommendation for everyone to continue to wear masks in those settings where they don't know if people are fully vaccinated or not."
Contributor: Alice Park
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A pair of knitted gloves knitted in British lambswool. Rib detail around the longer-length cuff to keep out the chill. Available in a range of colours to co-ordinate perfectly with our range of ribbed beanie hats and knitted lambswool scarves.
One Size - made in a larger size specifically for men.