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Non-alignment of interests
I've recently found something that captures important points relating to competing interests within the firm: this news story about American Airlines. More specifically, the quote from the analyst is almost perfect:
"This is frustrating. Labor is being paid first again. Shareholders get leftovers," Citi analyst Kevin Crissey wrote in a note to clients. Investors showed their displeasure by sending American Airlines Group Inc.'s stock down 5.2% to $43.98 on Thursday.
Why do I like it so much? First, as I've bored on about at length, there's a strain of corporate governance boosterism that seeks to deny that there is really any tussle between competing interests at all. The best/worst example I have seen, in a piece about long-termism, is this godawful claim from McKinsey:
in truth there was never any inherent tension between creating value and serving the interests of employees, suppliers, customers, creditors, and communities, and proponents of value maximization have always insisted that it is long-term value that has to be maximized.
"never any tension" FFS!
Yet in this news story we see an obvious tension between the interests of labour and the interests of investors (or those speaking on their behalf). I know some may retort that these aren't the real investors and/or if they were taking a long-term perspective then maybe they would support higher wages. But in Actually Existing Capitalism, public companies consider that asset managers are the "investors"/"shareholders" (as asset managers generally do themselves), and analysts are seen as providing insight to assist investors. What's more the tension is made absolutely explicit by the analyst: if labour gets more investors get less.
Secondly, the analyst also provides a very good expression of shareholder value mission creep. The complaint is that labour is getting paid first and shareholders are getting 'leftovers'. But this is how the model is supposed to work. The company pays all necessary costs and then distributes what is left to shareholders. Yet the analysts seems to think that this is somehow out of order. This is exactly the point Colin Crouch made a few years ago:
In theory, shareholders' earnings, their dividends, based on profits, are the residuum in a firm's trading activities, the last claim that is made on a firm after all claims from bond-holders, employees, creditors, investment needs and other requirements have been met. This is the risk-bearing activity at the heart of capitalism that enables firms to be innovative and that justifies shareholder maximisation: if the shareholders must wait until all other contractual claims on a firm have been met then they need to be able to have the final say over how the firm is managed. Also, their rewards from successful transactions must be high, as these must compensate them for the losses that will come from risks that go wrong.
This principle remains valid if a firm goes bankrupt; shareholders have the last claims on any assets. But during routine operations of a viable company it has been heavily compromised by the emergence of profit expectations within today's highly volatile stock markets. Ideas spread as to what short-term return on profits ought to be available in the market; remember shares are being bought and sold with an eye primarily on the secondary markets. There will therefore be a flight from shares of firms not meeting the prevailing idea of a good return. Such firms become vulnerable to hostile takeover, something which senior managers are keen to avoid, as it often leads to them losing their jobs. Managers are therefore under strong pressure to meet or exceed a target level of return to shareholders. If necessary, investment plans, customer service and employee compensation will have to be held back to meet this target. Once this occurs, distributed profits are no longer a residuum but are an early call on a firm's earnings.
It's obvious that the directors should not pay employees less than they think is necessary to recruit, retain and motivate them. If the board prioritised paying investors over paying staff what they think is necessary to meet the needs of the business I think that would be a breach of directors' duties. So, in technical terms, employees should get paid first and shareholders should get "leftovers" - that's the model.
Assuming the analyst knows the basics of corporate law and does not mean this literally, I guess the point is really that the board should have thought more about shareholder interests when making pay awards, with the implication that employees should have got less. Which again suggests that there are indeed conflicting interests (and note that the stock did take a hit).
So, in today's capitalism, it is clear that employees' and investors' interests can indeed be in conflict. It may not always be the case, and I do think investors often would benefit directly from employees having better terms and conditions. But there is conflict there.
In light of this, the recent discussion about worker representation in corporate governance looks even more pointed. If asset managers are responding to a consultation arguing that workers should not get any formal role they are, essentially, simply asserting that their interests should (continue to) come first in that arena. I'm not sure, to put it mildly, that those of us who want to rebuild labour's share of the wealth created within the firm have much to gain by strengthening shareholder rights further in the UK. And we should be arguing relentlessly for employees to gain more power and resources within the firm directly, because experience shows that investors (as they are currently constituted) in the main aren't reliable supporters. Or at least not yet.
In my opinion, it would much better if we were open in our discussion of corporate governance and related issues that not all interests pull in the same direction all of the time. Then at least we could make more honest decisions about who gets what, rather than pretending we can all win and, in doing so, obscuring who actually does (clue: for the last 30 years or so it hasn't been labour).
As the late Tony Judt put it:
"Societies are complex and contain conflicting interests. To assert otherwise – to deny distinctions of class or wealth or influence – is just a way to promote one set of interests over another. This proposition used to be self-evident; today we are encouraged to dismiss it as an incendiary encouragement to class hatred."
PS. There is nothing new under the sun, the idea of praying "long-term interests" in aid of better corporate behaviour is an old one, not some startlingly fresh insight from McKinsey.
A decade of blogging
I realised recently that I've just completed a decade of blogging. Although the arrival of two kids means I blog a lot less often than I used to, and read a lot less to blog about, I still feel the urge to communicate. Partly I just enjoy writing, but I also feel/hope that it is worth putting an unequivocally pro-labour and pro-Left voice into the blogosphere on issues like corporate governance, ownership etc.
The benefit of blogging for this long is that I can see some of the trends that have come and go over the period and - I think - see the broad outlines of change. So here are a few general observations after ten years of doing this stuff. NB - I am speaking about the UK here primarily.
1. Obvious really, but the financial crisis had a much deeper and lasting impact than many people on the centre Left initially realised. I think people did initially expect a big shift, but because there wasn't an immediate swing to the Left in policy or in political support many concluded that this wasn't going to happen at all, and that things would carry on much as before, albeit with much constrained public spending. I think we can now see that this conclusion was wrong, but perhaps until Corbyn, Brexit and Trump quite a lot of people still thought not much would change from the 1990s.
What is particularly striking is the disconnect that has developed between technocratic policy wonk opinion and public opinion, and a seeming unwillingness on either side to meet in the middle. I think a lot of mainstream policy people still think that they got nothing much wrong over the past couple of decades, and the public are just too dense to know what's good for them. These people also have considerable influence over our politicians. Hence the tortured political positions we see post-crisis where politicians play to the public with their rhetoric and policymakers with the detail and neither group feels entirely satisfied. Perhaps it was ever thus, but the gaps between policy people and the public and between rhetoric and reality feel very large now.
2. Corporate governance reform involving shareholder empowerment no longer looks like progressive policy. From the 1990s onwards a number of influential people on the Left enthusiastically embraced the ideas that shareholders = the public, that shareholder engagement was a new/exciting way to restrain poor corporate behaviour, and that tooling up shareholders could tackle tricky issues like executive pay. I'm not sure quite when this hit the wall, but I think you would struggle to get many people on the Left to get out of bed for this agenda now.
In large part this is due to practical experience. Shareholders, which mainly means asset managers, have been overwhelming uninterested in tackling the scale of executive pay, and unwilling to engage over labour issues. I think we lost a decade - and corporates gained the same - in fiddling about trying to find ways to make asset managers do things they don't want to, and trying to redesign executive pay rather than just constrain and/or it.
During the same period the nature of the shareholders of UK business changed, so there is now much more foreign ownership. This makes it significantly harder to argue that giving shareholders more power is a good thing for people in the UK. If dividends and voting rights are going to American asset managers (who care even less about executive pay than their UK counterparts) what progressive agenda is being served by giving them a greater say?
For me personally, the way that asset managers and some of the business/finance lobby groups have responded to the question of worker representation on boards is the final straw. It wasn't a surprise, but I have still found it absolutely sickening. There is no way I would personally support any further extension of shareholder rights since many of those shareholders lobby against my interests. And in my opinion the fact that these organisations are increasingly active in public policy is net negative for the Left.
3. ESG progress, from a labour/Left perspective, has been disappointing. To many of us it looks like "responsible investment" is largely about executive pay plus climate change. Labour issues, despite labour rights being central to all the key human rights standards, are still seen as "political" and few investors (with honourable exceptions) seem willing to hold companies to account to anything like the same extent they would do over environmental issues.
I think there are several issues at play here. One is that there is a tussle over resources within the firm (forget the Mckinsey bollox that all interest align over the long term) and some investors don't want to give any ground. Undoubtedly there is a cultural element too - many people in the City hold views on various issues that are further Right than the public, even if they don't realise it. There are few union fans. There is a generational aspect - many younger ESG people have little knowledge/experience of the labour movement and are more drawn to environmental issues. And there is a class aspect to it too.
The net result, as I've said before, is that responsible investment in general gives off the vibe of being about wealthy, globally mobile liberalism. The worst sins in this world view are market imperfections and a lack of meritocracy. But this world view is given airtime through the management of the savings of millions of people who will never get into the top tax bracket or be headhunted for non-executive roles. Again as I have said before I do not think the disconnect between the views articulated by most ESG people and those of the people whose money gives them a job is sustainable.
4. Unions have remained largely focused on pensions as benefits rather than pools of capital, and potential leverage. This has started to change in the past few years but we didn't catch the capital strategies bug initially. I personally think this has been a missed opportunity, though I would prefer to see unions engage tactically with capital where they have specific, achievable objectives rather than waste time and resources trying to rebuild "the system". I've become more convinced of this over the past few years, and I say this as someone who is interested in policy and has enjoyed doing policy work. In my opinion it just doesn't deliver enough to make it worthwhile.
5. There is nothing inherently democratising about markets, widening share ownership, greater participation in the finance system etc, if anything the reverse has been true. The idea of self-determination ends at the office/factory/depot door for the large majority of people I deal with professionally. Hence the hostility towards worker representation in corporate governance. Most people in this world do not believe that business needs to be democratised, but they do believe that more functions in society should be run by the private sector. This can only lead in one direction.
And the same applies to pension funds. Whatever the theoretical merits of the "professionalisation" of trusteeship, in practice it has led to de-democratisation. Across several key markets member trustees have been denigrated and moves have been made to remove them from decision-making. As such the control of capital that belongs to the public has increasingly slipped from their grasp.
Along this path the real threats to the subversion of fiduciary duty have become clear. If you are union person with any experience in pension fund investment issues you will have had lectures about Scargill, and the need not to put political objectives ahead of the interests of beneficiaries. Imagine how terrible that would be.
But it is OK for policymakers and politicians to try and determine the asset allocation that pension funds adopt (ahem... infrastructure) through rewriting investment regulations and altering the structure of pension funds. We now have a situation where policymakers are making all kinds of regulatory tweaks in order to help funnel capital that is supposed to fund our retirements into projects that they won't raise taxes to pay for (even if this might be a cheaper option). I don't remember ever being asked to vote on this one.
Pension funds and labour standards
I recently spent quite a bit of time trawling pension fund's responsible investment policies to see what, if anything, they say about labour issues. The background to this is the long-expressed gripe that investors seem to spend less time looking at the S in ESG than the E and G, and, as a result, it can be hard to get them focused on labour issues.
What I found was that, actually, a lot of big pension funds and providers in Europe do have policy around labour issues, with many referring to the UN Global Compact, OECD MNE guidelines and ILO conventions. But there is a big geographical bias. Most funds in countries like the Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark (which all have some big funds) refer to labour standards in one way or another. But most funds in the UK do not.
This is, to put it mildly, a bit of a problem since the UK is also a country where workers have no formalised role in corporate governance. So we don't get board representation, but nor do our pension funds promote labour rights in their ESG policies.
One of the things that surprised me while doing the research was how may ex-UK pension funds still apply screens and/or divestment policies. In the UK we are a bit sniffy about this approach and personally I still think engagement is what we want at most companies for most of the time. But doing the research has firmed up my belief that the UK really has no place to tell other jurisdictions how to do RI - our funds are laggards in my opinion when it comes to international standards (for example, little discussion here about application of the OECD guidelines).
In terms of which companies are excluded because of labour issues, I specifically looked at Walmart (because I was aware it was on some funds' exclusions lists) and Ryanair (because.... well... because it's Ryanair innit?). Here's what I found
And finally there are some good examples of strong policies on labour issues out there, probably my favourite is ERAFP, below:
The full report is available on the ITF website here: http://www.itfglobal.org/en/resources/reports-publications/pension-funds-and-respect-for-workers-rights/
Labels: corp gov, workers capital


§ 19.2-295.2:1 Postrelease supervision of felons sentenced for . . .
1. At the time the court imposes a sentence upon a conviction for a first violation of subsection A of § 18.2-472.1 the court shall impose an added term of postrelease supervision of six months.
2. For a second or subsequent violation of subsection A of § 18.2-472.1 when both violations occurred after July 1, 2006, or a first violation of subsection B of § 18.2-472.1, the court shall impose an added term of postrelease supervision by the Department of Corrections of two years.
3. For a second or subsequent violation of subsection B of § 18.2-472.1 when both violations occurred after July 1, 2006, the court shall impose an added term of postrelease supervision by the Department of Corrections of five years.Any terms of postrelease supervision imposed pursuant to this section shall be in addition to any other punishment imposed, including any periods of active incarceration or suspended periods of incarceration, if any.
If you're reading this for anything important, you should double-check its accuracy—read § 19.2-295.2:1 on the official Code of Virginia website.


Douglas, T.-R.M.O.; Freeman, S., Jr.; Denham, A.R. The Three Hebrew Boys Revisited: Exploring Border Crossing "Brotha"-Ship in the Journeys of Three Tenured Black Male Seventh-Day Adventist Professors. Religions 2019, 10, 142.
Douglas T-RMO, Freeman S, Jr, Denham AR. The Three Hebrew Boys Revisited: Exploring Border Crossing "Brotha"-Ship in the Journeys of Three Tenured Black Male Seventh-Day Adventist Professors. Religions. 2019; 10(3):142.
Douglas, Ty-Ron M.O.; Freeman, Sydney, Jr.; Denham, André R. 2019. "The Three Hebrew Boys Revisited: Exploring Border Crossing "Brotha"-Ship in the Journeys of Three Tenured Black Male Seventh-Day Adventist Professors." Religions 10, no. 3: 142.


Pocket magic fun! A charming little skeleton is handed to a spectator. They give him the once-over. The magician then lays the skeletion, Mr. Bones, in his coffin. So far, nothing is out of the ordinary. But when the spectator tries to put Mr. Bones into the coffin, they fail - every time!
Only the magician can put Mr. Bones in his coffin.


With the recent Betonsports saga still fresh in the memory, gambling and gaming companies are looking towards Europe, rather than America, more and more for future growth.
With this in mind and with on and offline operations merging together it is with great interest that Bullet Business have launched a brand new industry meeting point that brings together the on and offline industries.
Bullet Business Europe takes place in London Between December 6th and 7th 2006. Industry leaders such as John Anderson (CEO, 888), Mark Blandford (CEO, Sportingbet), Phil Fraser (CEO, Which Bingo), Matthias Hein, (Treasurer, The European Casino Association) and John Shepherd (Director of Corporate Communications, PartyGaming) are already confirmed to speak.
Michael Setters, Global Events Director at Bullet Business explains, "Research indicated that there was a real need to bring the on and offline markets together across the gaming and gambling industry. The synergies are massively important and of course the expectation of the European market has been heightened in recent months making the event even more pertinent".
The event offers a unique structure of 6 different summits, conferences and workshops including: Poker, Land Based Casinos, Online Bingo, New Product Development, Marketing and Legislation. Two day, one day and workshop passes are available.
It's not work, work, work though. The Bullet Business Xmas Party will include a Charity Auction supported by Gamcare and the 2nd annual Industry Poker Tournament. Online qualifiers are now taking place at the Bullet Business web site.


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NSU Campus Mourns After Tragic Loss Of Five Students
Monday, September 18th 2017, 5:57 pm
A crash in Cherokee County killed five Northeastern State University students. The school said it's the worst tragedy the campus has ever experienced.
A vigil will be held for the students Monday night, but the sadness is expected to continue for a long time.
"It's real, it's obviously real. This morning it didn't seem real because I was in shock," said friend Nicholas Young.
Young is one of the nearly 8,000 students at Northeastern State University, and just like his peers, he's mourning five tragic deaths, including his friend Donovan Caldwell.
"My heart sunk and I prayed that it was not him, but it turned out that it was him," Young said.
Caldwell, Jessica Swartwout, Drake Wells, Lily Murphy and Rhianna "Autumn" Seely died when the truck they were riding in crashed through a guardrail on Welling Bridge around 10:30 Sunday night.
9/18/2017 Related Story: 5 Teens Killed After Truck Drives Off Cherokee County Bridge
The 35-foot drop took their lives.
"We've been around a long time and we've not had a loss this great. It's also an individual loss for each individual family, each friend," said NSU Vice President of University Relations, Ben Hardcastle.
Students said the group of friends was heading to a hangout spot below the bridge for Drake's birthday. Young said when he found out about the crash he immediately knew the spot.
"There is a sharp turn there and it was raining last night," he said.
Police haven't determined what caused the crash, but what's most important to the students now is remembering their fellow NSU RiverHawks who were taken far too soon.
There are counselors available on campus for students and staff. In a statement, NSU President Dr. Steve Turner said, "Activities have been underway throughout the night to provide counselors for the friends and co-students. Notification of the faculty who taught the students is underway. If you feel you need help in any way, please contact HawkReach Counseling Services at 918-444-2042 or Student Affairs at 918-444-2120."
Tulsa Public Schools Will Be Closed Feb. 2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ceph-eus is one of the artists that joined our Pokemon Tribute series in January 2018. Her gallery on dA is relative small yet but still has some very nice works to see there already, so have a look here!
Muddy Water is a Water-Type attack that also has a 30% chance of lowering the target's accuracy. This move does not make contact with the other Pokemon and has an accuracy of 85%.
This move was first introduced in the third generation. Swampert learns Muddy Water quite late on at level 39.
Swampert is a dual water / ground type Pokémon and the final form of Pokémon Ruby / Sapphire / Emerald starter Mudkip, being able to evolve from Marshtomp at level 36. They often make themselves at home on beaches and other water banks.
Swampert's strength is significantly higher than its prior evolutions, now being strong enough to swim and tow a large ship at the same time – and without anything to tow, its speed is comparable to that of a jet ski! Its arms are so much tougher as well, now capable of dragging boulders weighing more than a ton, plus battering said boulders or their foes with a single swing. Its fins are still very good at detecting changes in water and air, allowing it to predict storms and defend itself with a pile of boulders. And last but not least, it has great vision that allows it to see in murkier waters.
Swampert's first appearance in the animé was under the ownership of Tommy, whom was separated from it after a ship crash in the middle of the sea. Originally a Marshtomp before the event, it believed that Tommy abandoned it and had grown to hate humans, decided to make the newly abandoned ship its home, defended it from intruders and evolved on its own accord. Eventually it was re-united with its trainer, was reminded of all the good times they had together, then decided to work alongside Tommy to turn the shipwreck into a safe haven for water-type and migrating Pokémon.


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Premier Women's Leadership Expert Sally Helgesen Teaches Women How To Rise
Alisa Cohn Contributor
I write about leadership, start ups, and interesting related topics.
Leadership experts Sally Helgesen and Marshall Goldsmith teach women how to rise in their new book "How Women Rise."
Scott Barrow
Sally Helgesen, the world's premier expert on women's leadership, wants women to get out of their own way. Helgesen has coached women, facilitated workshops and conducted research about women's leadership for over 30 years. Her most recent book, How Women Rise, co-authored with leadership expert Marshall Goldsmith, examines the behaviors most likely to get in the way of women rising in their careers.
"In doing workshops for women all over the world," Helgesen said, "it became clear to me that there was a common thread. There are certain behaviors that women have to embrace and they have to let go of." Helgesen and Goldsmith identified twelve behaviors that may hold women back especially as they rise in organizations.
For example, women should embrace the need to actively seek opportunities to claim their achievements. "Often women will say 'thank you, my team did all of the work' or in some other way push aside or spread credit," Helgesen said.
On the other side of that, women need to let go of expecting others to spontaneously notice and reward their contributions. According to Helgesen, women will often keep their heads down, do their jobs and expect that others will notice. Organizations don't work that way, especially at the more senior ranks.
"I interviewed a number of women who are law partners," Helgesen said, "They made partner later than their male counterparts. It was only later that they realized that they had never made clear they wanted to make partner. Instead they had assumed that their great work would automatically lead to partnership."
How Women Rise by Sally Helgesen and Marshall Goldsmith
Women also need to embrace the need to leverage relationships. "Women do a good job building relationships," Helgesen said. "But women can get stuck in building and building relationships and not asking for anything, for not leveraging the relationship to help with their lives and their careers. Women may view asking for something as transactional, so they miss out on the value of the relationships."
Another element of missing the value of relationships has to do with changing roles. When women get promoted or change jobs they should enlist allies on day one. According to Helgesen: "women will say 'I'm going to keep my head down until I really get this job mastered.' They don't reach out to anyone for help. The impact of that is that they get less support, much less visibility, and they end up doing a lot more work.
Having a perfectionist tendency is another element very likely to get in the way. This tendency gets honed throughout their careers because in companies women tend to be rewarded for precision and detail and men rewarded for boldness and big ideas. Women get the message that they will be rewarded if they are precise but that simply doesn't work as women rise.
Helgesen pointed out that there are certainly social factors that contribute to women having a harder time getting promoted through the ranks than men. There are many structural and cultural embedded biases in companies and in society. But it's important for women to recognize those issues, assess their own situations, and come up with a plan that will work for them in their current environments.
So how can women use this information to rise?
Awareness is a strong starting point. Look around you. Notice what gets rewarded. Then identify one behavior at a time. For example, if you expect others to spontaneously notice and reward your achievements, decide that you're going to start by just showing others what you've contributed.
An example of this is an engineer whom Helgesen worked with. Her boss said he didn't think she was connected enough. The engineer was irritated since she spent a lot of her time connecting with others. She realized that her boss had no way of knowing that, so she started a strategy of sending him an email weekly about whom she had connected with that week. She thought he would find that annoying but in fact he found it helpful – he had no other way of knowing what she was doing on that front.
As you gain more awareness and start making some changes, use it as an opportunity to engage others as allies. You want to let others know you are working on," said Helgesen. "You are changing behaviors and you have to also change perceptions."
For example, you might tell a colleague "I'm trying to be more concise in the leadership meeting. Can you try to notice and give me feedback?" That helps establish you as allies and also gives you valuable insight.
You have to exercise judgment in who you trust to make these requests. Start on a small level and only make yourself vulnerable to people you trust. If you do that it's a very powerful way to build allies.
Finally, Helgesen said that women have to let go of harsh judgment of themselves. "Let go of small setbacks and stay focused on the goals." A tool to do this is to let go of harsh judgment of others. If you see someone as being self-promotional, for example, rather than judge her, take her as a role model. You don't have to mimic her, but what can you learn from her?
Helgesen said that her thirty years of work has had a personal impact as well. "I used to hole up and prepare myself to death before workshops," she said. "Now I do the right amount. I don't wing it but I recognize that I am talking about my own content, my own research, my own experience. My authority comes from my background and experience. I've learned to trust my own ability."
Alisa Cohn
I am an executive coach who works with startup CEOs, co-founders and executive teams. I also work with large, Fortune 50 companies to help groom their executives. I am a...


Multiple rounds of snow showers plus a unsafe ice storm unfolding!
Some showers also develop Sunday, but our next best chance of rain comes between Monday and Tuesday of next week.
Considering the city's last snowstorm had colleges and universities shutting down, flights cancelled, and people literally skiing through downtown streets, you should probably prepare for your life to be slightly delayed, interrupted, or completely inconvenienced between Tuesday and Wednesday of this week. Our southernmost counties will likely see a rain/snow mix for most of the day Monday without drying up - this is mainly south of I-83. Snow is expected to arrive Tuesday morning.
The London area is in for a messy mix of snow and freezing drizzle early this week. It will not rain continuously, but there will be periods of rain with over an inch of accumulation possible.
Cloudy weather will keep Sunday morning temperatures above freezing: expect lows in the upper 30s to low 40s.
Futurecast 5AM - Temperatures in NW Arkansas will hover around freezing. That means, although rain will be falling through the atmosphere, it will freeze on contact with the roads and anything at the surface.
"How much snow and freezing rain a region receives will depend on the exact track of the low", Environment Canada said.
The party said it complied "with the royal command with loyalty to the king and all members of the royal family". The March 24 election is the first since a military coup in 2014 toppled an elected pro-Thaksin government.
The youth jobless rate edged up to 11.2 per cent, from 11.1 per cent in December as more young people looked for work. However, the number of people working also declined as people left the workforce.
Residents in Seattle cleared out grocery store shelves and left work early on Friday afternoon as the storm arrived. The large group of people participated in a public snowball fight on Saturday at Wright Park in Tacoma, Washington.
A representative for the Grammys didn't return an email seeking clarification about the tribute. And then there was a loud noise of glass shattering in the background.


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Additionally there are services that may be offered to veterans in danger of defaulting on their loans. VA home loans are available to military personal that have either served 181 days during peacetime, 90 days during war, or a spouse of serviceman either killed or missing in action.
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text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<TITLE>
Uses of Class net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache.IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType
</TITLE>

<META NAME="date" CONTENT="2013-08-27">

<LINK REL ="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="../../../../stylesheet.css" TITLE="Style">

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Uses of Class
net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache.IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

Packages that use IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache

Uses of IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType in net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache

Fields in net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache declared as IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

protected  IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType
PendingSwitchResp.evType

 IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType
FCQueryObj.evType

          Event type that triggered this flow query submission

Methods in net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache that return IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

 IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType
PendingSwitchResp.getEvType()

static IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType
IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType.valueOf(java.lang.String name)

          Returns the enum constant of this type with the specified name.

static IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType[]
IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType.values()

          Returns an array containing the constants of this enum type, in
the order they are declared.

Methods in net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache with parameters of type IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

 void
PendingSwitchResp.setEvType(IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType evType)

 void
IFlowReconcileService.updateFlowForDestinationDevice(IDevice device,
                               IFlowQueryHandler handler,
                               IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType fcEvType)

          Updates the flows to a device after the device moved to a new location

 void
FlowReconcileManager.updateFlowForDestinationDevice(IDevice device,
                               IFlowQueryHandler handler,
                               IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType fcEvType)

 void
IFlowReconcileService.updateFlowForSourceDevice(IDevice device,
                          IFlowQueryHandler handler,
                          IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType fcEvType)

          Updates the flows from a device

 void
FlowReconcileManager.updateFlowForSourceDevice(IDevice device,
                          IFlowQueryHandler handler,
                          IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType fcEvType)

Constructors in net.floodlightcontroller.flowcache with parameters of type IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType

FCQueryObj(IFlowQueryHandler fcQueryHandler,
           java.lang.String applInstName,
           java.lang.Short vlan,
           IDevice srcDevice,
           IDevice dstDevice,
           java.lang.String callerName,
           IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType evType,
           java.lang.Object callerOpaqueObj)

          Instantiates a new flow cache query object

PendingSwitchResp(IFlowCacheService.FCQueryEvType evType)

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Fiona has over 20 years place marketing experience and a degree in French and English law. Previously working for the UK's largest property marketing agency, Fiona has a detailed knowledge of large-scale development projects, combining an understanding of place, brand and customer trends.
Fiona is heavily involved at practitioner level as the Marketing Director for Ipswich Central and sits on the Ipswich Destination Management Organisation (DMO) Board as well as the Greater Ipswich Chamber of Commerce Board. She has worked with and continues to work with numerous BIDs providing marketing and communication strategies both during BID terms and during an all important BID ballot.
You can view Fiona's CV here.


MotoBum and Ghostface KLR took an intrastate run to Pullman on a three-night road ride, Saturday April 16 - Tuesday, April 19. Technically, it was an ADVenture ride as eight miles of the trip was on a hard pack dirt road. MotoBum's F4i hooked up so well on it, it was able to pull power wheelies!
The trek was about seeing Pullman, a historic site for MotoBum and Ghostface KLR for various reasons. Shortly before MotoBum was MotoBum, he'd spend two grand years living in Pullman attending Washington State University. And long before Ghostface KLR was Ghostface KLR, he'd spent nearly a decade there growing up. It'd been a decade since MotoBum was there and almost three decades since Ghostface KLR was there. What had changed? Did it still feel the same?
F4i is ready to achieve high speeds with dual-sport luggage affixed.
The Starbuck, WA, KOA is lush and green; best ever KOA.


text:
Sudan ruling party reaches out to opposition
By , KHARTOUM, Apr 15 – Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir\'s party reached out to the opposition on Wednesday in a bid to save the credibility of a landmark vote boycotted by its key challengers.
The National Congress Party said it wanted to include opposition groups in a future government, should it win Sudan\'s first competitive elections in two decades that are due to end on Thursday.
Presidential adviser Ghazi Salaheddin said that, "given the challenges facing the nation," the NCP was interested in "our government being as inclusive as possible."
"If we are declared winners … we would extend the invitation to all parties, even those who have not participated in the elections, because we believe this is a critical moment in our history," Salaheddin told reporters.
The credibility of the election had been dented by a boycott of the opposition including by the heavyweight Umma party which won the 1986 elections.
The southern former rebel Sudan People\'s Liberation Movement (SPLM), a partner in the national unity government, also boycotted the vote in parts of the country and withdrew its presidential candidate.
Asked if he believed the political groups boycotting the vote would be willing to join the NCP in a government, Salaheddin said he thought it would be "in their interest."
"If the elections are recognised by international players and international institutions, that would mean that the government is recognised," Salaheddin said.
"If they decide not to join the government, not to heed the offer, they would be isolating themselves from the process.
"I think any politician in his right mind would not decline such an offer," he said.
The opposition boycott was announced after ballot papers were printed, leaving open the possibility for individual candidates to stand anyway and win in their constituencies despite their party\'s decision to pull out.
The election, Sudan\'s first multi-party vote since 1986, is a prelude to a 2011 referendum on southern independence.
"We are facing an important decision like self-determination in the south and we would like to garner as much support and as much consensus as we can," Salaheddin said.
Salaheddin accused the International Crisis Group, which said in a March report that the NCP was rigging the election, of being "politicised" and the Brussels-based think tank would not be allowed to do research in the country.
Around 16 million Sudanese are registered for this week\'s elections, but the process was losing steam by the fourth day of voting on Wednesday, with many polling stations empty, AFP reporters said.
The government put the turnout over the first three days at between 40 percent and 67 percent based on preliminary reports.
The African Union on Wednesday praised the conduct of the polling, pointing out that "the organisation of elections in Africa is a difficult process. Sudan is no exception," AU Commission President Jean Ping said.
The election had kicked off on Sunday to a chaotic start with delays in distributing ballot papers, polling stations opening late or not at all, names missing or mispelled on registration lists.
With the withdrawal of key presidential candidates, Bashir – who is wanted by the International Criminal Court for alleged war crimes in the western region of Darfur – looks set for a comfortable win.
But parliamentary and state elections are still fiercely competitive in many parts of the country, leaving Sudanese anxious about potential tensions or even clashes in the more contested areas.
Election results are not expected before April 20.
Other articles from
Bashir declared winner in Sudan Polls
Bashir accepts south Sudan vote to secede
Sudan rivals trade accusations
Bashir ready for secession of south Sudan
Sudan army says nine dead in clashes
Sudan's Bashir hands powers as party chief to deputy
Bashir quits army for poll sake
Sudan opposition leader held in protest crackdown freed: party


In order to keep the Run the World 5K walk/run fresh in your minds ALL YEAR, we are proud to introduce to you the Run the World Adventure Series.
Your registration fee includes the activity fee, a t-shirt, and a small donation to the Run the World Scholarship Fund! Scholarships will be awarded after next year's race.


text:
Q: Maintain use of non-digested assets url with rails 5 In upgrading to rails 5, some legacy asset urls needed to be converted from from an explicit form like  /assets/pretty_image.png to image_url('pretty_image.png').  This a straight forward change and allows proper caching.  But there are emails out there with the old form url. Is there anyway I can continue to let urls like /assets/pretty_image.png still work in production?

A: It turns out this is a problem with upgrading from rails 4, which stopped allowing both digested and non-digested assets being used. For some reason, the problem did not appear in production until I upgraded to rails 5.
There is a good discussion of some possible solutions here. I used the solution entitled 'Use the Manifest, Rake'.  I needed to change from pre-compiling on Heroku to precompiling in development to get  the solution to work. I am interested in a solution that still allows precompiling on Heroku.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Canada Joins Global Ocean Alliance
Canada has joined the Global Ocean Alliance, according to an announcement made by Bernadette Jordan, the minister of fisheries, oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard.
"Our oceans provide a wealth of opportunity when approached from the position of sustainability and environmental stewardship," said Minister Jordan. "Canada is proud to join the Global Ocean Alliance, working alongside like-minded countries to advocate for our shared vision of sustainable, healthy oceans around the world."
Canada is an ocean nation with the longest coastline in the world. Canadians rely on healthy marine ecosystems to sustain our economy, our food supply, and our coastal communities. But the ocean is a shared resource that requires a global effort to ensure marine conservation. That is why the Government of Canada is joining other countries to advocate for international action to increase conservation and protection of our oceans by 2030.
The goal of the Global Ocean Alliance is to advocate for the protection of at least 30 per cent of the world's oceans through the establishment of marine protected areas and other effective area-based marine conservation measures by 2030.
"We have made exceptional progress on protecting our own waters, and it is time to move the goal post ahead and reach even farther," said Jordan. "Canadians expect our government to be a global leader in environmental protection, and this partnership is another way we will use our voice, leadership, and resources to protect our oceans and make a difference around the world."
Since 2015, the Government of Canada has worked in partnership with provinces and territories, Indigenous peoples, and environmental and industry organizations to increase the protection of our oceans.
Canada aimed to conserve 10 per cent of the country's marine and coastal areas by 2020 and has already surpassed this goal, reaching nearly 14 per cent by August 2019.
"Our government is working together with provinces, territories, Indigenous peoples, environmental organizations and industry to advance conservation on Canada's lands and waters," said Jonathan Wilkinson, minister of environment and climate change. "Together we have made great progress and achieved the 10 per cent global target for marine conservation ahead of the 2020 commitment."
The Government of Canada continues to work toward its target of protecting 25 per cent of marine and coastal areas by 2025, working toward 30 per cent by 2030.
Jonathan Wilkinson
Bernadette Jordan
Global Ocean Alliance
Previous articleOp-Ed: Something a Little Different
Next articleAquatic Informatics Joins Danaher's Water Quality Platform
New equipment will help clean up environmental spills in oceans
Government of Canada marks fifth anniversary of Oceans Protection Plan
New series on clean growth opportunities related to oceans industries
Canada announces funding to protect land and freshwater
Canada invests $25 million to protect wetlands and grasslands
Springbank Off-Stream Reservoir project moving forward


text:
Dannii Minogue Ready To Move On After Sister's Nightmare Is Over
Dannii Minogue has spoken of her relief that big sister Kylie Minogue is clear from cancer and revealed to The Sun, "At last the nightmare is over." The 34-year-old said, "But I'm just grateful that this is now a happy year for us. I get fed up talking about bad times. Now it's a happy time, she is better and the nightmare is over. So let's all accept that it's over and let's all rejoice that she is better. I think it's made every woman more conscious about breast cancer but I really don't want to become a spokesman for breast cancer awareness. I just wanted to be a good sister and I'm only just coming out of that mode of protecting, caring, supporting and being there. I had to get my head around it all too, but the most important thing is that everyone stops talking about it. I know other people who have had cancer in their families and after a while they just don't want to talk about it. You don't want to talk about it every second of every day. Once it's over, let it go. I like to live in the moment. Now I want to move on."
The story at thesun.co.uk has since been removed.
Kylie Minogue Agrees To TV Interview
June 20, 2006 – The Sun reports Cat Deeley of Sky One is set to interview Kylie Minogue, the singer's first interview since her breast cancer battle. "Kylie is one of the UK's biggest and best-loved artists," said Richard Woolfe, Sky One's director of programming. "Ever since she made her UK debut in 'Neighbours' some 20 years ago, she has found a place in the nation's heart. The news of her diagnosis sent shockwaves across the world, so we're delighted that Kylie has chosen Sky to give her first worldwide exclusive interview about the ups and downs of the past year and her immediate plans for the future." The interview is set to air on July 16th.
June 25, 2006 Jeff C News No Comments Dannii Minogue, Kylie Minogue
«Stefy 'Chelsea' Video
Adam Levine Dining In Las Vegas»
Dannii Minogue Discusses Kylie's Breast Cancer Battle
Will Kylie Minogue Quit Living In England?
Myer Pulls Kylie Minogue's Lingerie Line In Australia
Dannii Says She And Kylie Do Get Along, But No Duet
Dannii Minogue Loves Her Sister's Knickers
Demi Lovato Visits Kenya
Demi Lovato 'Sorry Not Sorry' Live With Choir
Harry Styles Takes Questions From Chris Martin, Ed Sheeran & More
Harry Styles 'Sign Of The Times' Video
Ed Sheeran Needed A Break: "Unhealthiest I Have Ever Been"
Ed Sheeran 'Shape Of You' Video
Pop Stars React To George Michael Death
Icona Pop 'Brightside' Video
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Transguard Workforce Solutions have been exclusively engaged by our client to source a Senior UX Designer to join their team in Dubai.
Our client is a leading Global Digital Transformation & Consulting company that helps clients drive growth and efficiency and evolve the ways they work, in a world where consumer behavior and technology are catalysing social and commercial change at an unprecedented pace, within the Middle East & Africa (MEA) region.
The Sr UX Designer is responsible for developing documentation for site maps, transaction flows, sketches, scenarios, wireframes and navigation models. You will be leveraging existing and building new online capabilities and personalization across products, channels & experiences.
This is not a back-seat support role. In addition to collaborating with the Experience Lead as well as other team members including other Information Architects, Content Strategists, User Researchers and others from our Creative, Technology and Strategy groups, you will also work closely with the client to review deliverables. The successful candidate will require a firm understanding of user-centered design processes.


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text:
Story types
Race & Class Blog
Fortnightly Bulletin
Glasgow: solidarity with asylum seekers facing eviction
October 18, 2012 — News
Written by Jon Burnett
Campaigners in Glasgow monitored court proceedings on 17 October, in solidarity with asylum seekers who could be evicted from their homes and forced into destitution.
Just as groups are launching a campaign against G4S' treatment of asylum seekers in the north of England, groups in Glasgow are taking up the cause of asylum seekers facing eviction. The private company Serco assumed responsibility for housing asylum seekers in Scotland and Northern Ireland last month, having previously won a lucrative contract from the UK Border Agency (UKBA) worth some £175 million. In Glasgow, the consequences could well be enforced homelessness and destitution.
Since 2000, housing in the city has mainly been provided by the charity Ypeople (formerly YMCA Glasgow) and, previously, the organisation frequently operated a practice of delaying the evictions of its tenants. Speaking to IRR News, Jock Morris, of the Glasgow Campaign to Welcome Refugees (GCtWR), said: 'They went back on this when they lost the contract to Serco and made arrangements to hand the properties over to them. All of their properties have now been handed over except for those with people in them, and it's these who are facing eviction.'
Leading up to the contract handover, Ypeople's solicitors issued thirty-two 'Notices to Quit' to asylum seekers living in its properties, of whom several have since been issued with legal papers for 'action of recovery possession'. It is these people who were required to attend a summary hearing on 17 October, with campaigners in tow offering solidarity and support. If the tenants are to be made homeless, the impact would be 'appalling', Jock says. 'They have no right to work, no income whatsoever, and will have no shelter. They will be utterly destitute; their health may well suffer and they will be vulnerable to attacks from people in the street.'
His warning is pertinent, coming only a few weeks after the publication of a serious case review into the circumstances surrounding a baby who starved to death in Westminster. In 2010, his mother's asylum claim had been accepted, but 'significant problems' in the transition from receiving support from the National Asylum Support Service (NASS) to receiving mainstream benefits, left her with neither, reliant on help from local charities. The baby starved to death as his mother lay unconscious, having collapsed as a result of a rare brain infection from which she later died, two days after the death of her child.
'Some of the people facing eviction in Glasgow', Margaret Wood (also of GCtWR) explained to IRR News, 'come from countries where there are no removals to at the moment. They cannot leave this country, but face being made destitute.' It is a point which has been raised by pro-bono lawyers acting for the potential evictees. And if the officials in Glasgow's Sheriff Court hearing the cases were surprised to see lawyers and campaigners supporting Ypeople's tenants, it is a sight which is set to become more frequent. In a statement issued following yesterday's proceedings, Latta and Co. Solicitors, one of the legal firms involved, stated: 'The cases were successfully continued to consider challenges raised to the lawfulness of the eviction proceedings. Additional challenges were also raised in respect of potential human rights breaches involving destitution issues. These will be considered at an evidential hearing which has been set for December. The clients are allowed to remain in the accommodation until the matters are fully considered.'
Margaret is more forthright. 'This is just the beginning. If we lose, we will not give up. We will appeal. We will continue calling meetings and organising.' Jock agrees. 'The main purpose of us attending court was to offer support. But this is part of a wider campaign. What we have been able to do so far is reduce the number of people facing eviction. At one point earlier this year it looked like it could have been about 100 people. Lots of organisations have come together. Some people have been offered Section 4 accommodation; some have been given support for health reasons. But we want to make sure the authorities know that we won't give up. We want to make sure the authorities know that pressure against the evictions will continue until every last one has been stopped.'
Read an IRR News story – Glasgow: the evictions begin
Read an IRR News story – Holding G4S to account
Glasgow Campaign to Welcome Refugees
The Institute of Race Relations is precluded from expressing a corporate view: any opinions expressed are therefore those of the authors.
damola:
please, Is Scotland still accepting asylum seekers?


text:
Q: Where are systemd's configurations for cgroups? My understanding is that, by default, systemd will start all processes under a single cgroup where cpu.share=1024. If you choose to override the cpu.share for a service, it will create a new cgroup for the processes under that service with cpu.share set to whatever value you've chosen.
I want to manually create a new cgroup with a custom cpu.share that gives me 60% of the CPU. To do that, I need to know the cpu.share values for all existing cgroups. Where is systemd setting these values? Is there an easy way for me to get this? /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu only contains the root group (set to 1024) and the groups I've manually created.

A: systemd's CGroup options are documented in man systemd.exec (or in man systemd.resource-control). It sounds like the one you are looking for is:

CPUWeight=weight,
  StartupCPUWeight=weight
Assign the specified CPU time weight to the processes executed, if the
  unified control group hierarchy is used on the system. These options
  take an integer value and control the "cpu.weight" control group
  attribute. The allowed range is 1 to 10000. Defaults to 100. For
  details about this control group attribute, see cgroup-v2.txt and
  sched-design-CFS.txt. The available CPU time is split up among
  all units within one slice relative to their CPU time weight.

A:
My understanding is that, by default, systemd will start all processes under a single cgroup where cpu.share=1024.

I do not believe this is correct.  However, please don't take my word as authoritative.  Here are the portions of the docs that lead me to this conclusion:
From systemd.resource-control(5):

   CPUAccounting=
       Turn on CPU usage accounting for this unit. Takes a boolean argument.
       Note that turning on CPU accounting for one unit might also implicitly
       turn it on for all units contained in the same slice and for all its
       parent slices and the units contained therein. The system default for
       this setting maybe controlled with DefaultCPUAccounting= in systemd-
       system.conf(5).

And also:

   CPUShares=weight, StartupCPUShares=weight
       ...
      Those options imply "CPUAccounting=true".

As I read it, if no units have a value set for CPUShares and CPUAccounting is not explicitly enabled anywhere (and DefaultCPUAccounting is not set in system.conf) then systemd may not (will not?) use the cpu hierarchy at all.
(I would welcome any correction on this point.)


text:
How will devastating Midwestern flooding affect ethanol in the United States?
Farmers were already quietly suffering from a crisis. Falling incomes, rising debt and falling land values have ravaged America's Corn Belt in recent years without making headlines. Then came the devastating floods of mid-March.
Early estimates of livestock and crop losses in Nebraska alone exceed $ 1 billion. Some state farmers are feeding stranded cattle by boat, while the Nebraska National Guard has resorted to pushing hay bales out of helicopters. Cattle are not the only assets in the agricultural value chain that are blocked.
A number of ethanol production facilities have ceased operations after nearby rail lines were submerged. Idling could have national consequences, as Nebraska and Iowa alone account for 40% of the country's total production. This guarantees shareholders of ethanol producers such as Archer Daniels Midland (NYSE: ADM), Valero Energy (NYSE: VLO), and Green plains (NASDAQ: GPRE) will need to prepare for an impact on the results of the first quarter – and possibly the entire year – 2019.
A complicated situation
A first report from Reuters estimates that 13% of ethanol production capacity in the United States has been decommissioned as a result of flooding that cut rail lines. This includes installations that have been completely inactive and those that are operating at reduced throughput. There has been no conclusive word on the direct impact on all of the facilities owned by major Nebraska and Iowa ethanol producers, but each has a significant presence in the states based on one million gallons per year (mmg / year) capacity:
Archer Daniels Midland
Valero Energy
Green plains
Nebraska and Iowa ethanol facilities, annual capacity
5 installations, 1,191 mmg / year
6 establishments, 789 mmg / year
Percentage of the company's total ethanol production
Data source: Renewable Fuels Association.
It is important to consider that Archer Daniels Midland and Valero Energy are much more sheltered from the volatility of the ethanol market than Green Plains, due to their primary agricultural processing and petroleum refining activities, respectively. The agricultural titan generated less than 6% of total revenue and less than 2% of total ethanol operating income in 2018, although larger parts of its business are also affected by the floods. Valero relied on ethanol for about 3% of its total sales and operating profit last year.
Meanwhile, Green Plains is completely dependent on the ethanol value chain, including sales of fuel, feed and other agricultural by-products. Although she owns 355,000 head of cattle in her burgeoning feedlot business, operations are confined to Texas, Kansas and Colorado, so they are immune to recent flooding.
The company's ethanol logistics partnership may not be so lucky. Green Plains Partners LP (NASDAQ: GPP) works like the ethanol equivalent of a mid-size oil and gas company. It generates royalty-based revenue from the volume of ethanol delivered through its network, not the price of ethanol. While this business model has protected it from falling ethanol prices in recent years, it does not mitigate the risk of natural disasters.
Indeed, although the contracts with the parent provide minimum annual volume commitments, they also include force majeure clauses which mention flooding as an acceptable trigger. Investors will need to closely monitor the recent flooding situation in the Midwest and await updates from management at the Green Plains Partnership. Since the partnership generated 56% of Green Plains operating revenue, shareholders of the parent company will also need to remain vigilant.
Check out the latest earnings call transcripts for Archer Daniels Midland, Valero Energy, and Green plains.
Analysts expect it to take several weeks to assess the full impact of the initial supply disruption, but submerged rail tracks are just a source of uncertainty for the ethanol industry . The devastating floods in the Midwest are also expected to impact the supply of raw agricultural ingredients to ethanol plants for months to come.
There are numerous reports that grain stored by farmers awaiting higher sale prices is now completely unusable after being exposed to flood water. This will affect the national inventory. Then there is the potential impact on this year's corn crop. A wetter than normal start to the year had already made a late planting likely, but it's now possible that croplands in Nebraska and Iowa will be wetter than expected. This increases the risk of pests in the coming year, which could impact planting density and yield. Everything points to higher crop prices, which could increase input costs for ethanol manufacturers.
Ethanol investors will hear about flooding all year round
When the major ethanol producers release their operating results for the first quarter of 2019, they will be spending a lot of time explaining the impact of the flooding. This will likely include lost production time due to submerged rail tracks, as well as the effects on raw material costs. Valero Energy will likely be the least affected, while flooding could have a significant negative impact on Archer Daniels Midland and Green Plains' plans for 2019.
Thinking long term, there could be a silver lining to flooding. US agriculture and ethanol have suffered from over-supply and over-inventory in recent years. This doesn't make the initial financial impact any less devastating, but reduced production in 2019 for corn and ethanol could have the effect of increasing prices in the future. There may be a lot of unanswered questions now, but investors can count on flooding the Midwest for the foreseeable future.
This article represents the opinion of the author, who may disagree with the "official" recommendation position of a premium Motley Fool consulting service. We are motley! Challenging an investment thesis – even one of our own – helps us all to think critically about investing and make decisions that help us become smarter, happier, and richer.
Euronet Worldwide's epay business has reached a milestone
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What is Contango (and why every investor should know it)
Pennsylvania Troubleshooting Improvements. Weave was evaluated 5 days in Pennsylvania
JPMorgan Hires Silicon Valley Bank, BoA for Innovation and Economics Banking Team


For many children on the Autism Spectrum, a traditional classroom is just not the ideal learning environment. This realization has led to hundreds of families choosing to homeschool their children with autism. If you're one such family, you may be wondering where to start. Or perhaps you've been homeschooling your child with autism and are in search of solutions to new challenges. Either way, you've come to the right place.
Below are 101 resources for homeschooling children with autism. For your convenience we've categorized each resource into one of nine categories: apps, articles, books, blogs, curricula, podcasts, supplementary materials, support groups, and websites. While some of our resources are designed specifically for students with autism, and others for homeschoolers in general, each resource on our list is meant to help homeschooling parents find just the right way to educate their children with autism.
For many, the 30/30 app is an invaluable resource for tracking time spent on assignments and other tasks. The app can be used to assist autistic students in following a schedule and staying focused on the task at hand.
Autism Track is an app that can help homeschooling parents of children with autism track everything from interventions to behaviors. The user-friendly app includes a place to log daily behaviors, while a sliding checklist feature allows the user to keep up with necessary daily therapy, medicine, or other activities.
This Sesame Street app uses familiar and beloved characters to teach children about feelings. By participating in the hands-on app, kids with autism will also learn how to problem solve on their own, better cope with their feelings, and calm themselves down.
CoughDropAAC is designed for children who are taking part in necessary speech and language therapy. Working in conjunction with the child's therapy, the app allows for better communication of needs and wants, easier learning, and increased quality of life.
Daniel Tiger's Grr-ific Feelings helps children to identify, communicate, and even cope with their feelings. The app is designed for preschoolers, but is also beneficial for those requiring special education.
The First Then Visual Schedule app is designed to help kids stay on task and complete assignments and activities efficiently. It is especially helpful for those who have trouble communicating, but provides positive behavior support for any child.
For homeschooled children on the autism spectrum, forming friendships and relationships can be an added challenge. Four Little Corners is a helpful application that uses an interactive storyline to teach kids all about relating to friends and others.
Help your child with autism learn to make and follow a schedule using iPrompts. This app uses pictures to prompt the child into a scheduled activity, then notifies the child of the amount of time left with the use of a visual count-down timer.
Homeschooling parents working on their autistic child's behavior may find iReward useful. Like using stickers on a chart, this helpful app allows you to track the number of times a desired behavior is achieved as the child works toward a goal and reward.
Memory Trainer is a game-themed app that any student is sure to find fun. Best of all, it helps students work on their visual and lasting memory skills.
For children who are unable or unwilling to communicate vocally, the TalkTablet solution app uses text-to-speech to assist. The app can be used purely for assistance, or as a learning aid through visual representation.
Note taking is an important skill for any student to learn, and there are many ways in which one can take notes. The YouNote app assists students in learning a number of those ways so that they can find the best method for themselves.
"Homeschooling Kids with Autism Spectrum Disorder" is a helpful article from popular website The Autism Life. The article is essentially a detailed interview with Anne, a parent who homeschools her autistic child.
This article is a must-read for parents still in the process of deciding whether or not homeschooling is the right choice for their autism spectrum student. Written by a homeschooling mother of two children with autism, the article provides a helpful overview of all that can be expected.
Those parents who are struggling with the question of the best place to educate their autistic child will find this article by Lisa Jo Rudy helpful. Rudy covers a number of commonly asked questions as she explains her ultimate decision to homeschool her 11-year son with autism.
In this article in Life Learning Magazine, parent and home educator Susan McLeod-Harrison describes the ways in which "unschooling" has helped her family. She details how unschooling is especially beneficial for children on the autism spectrum, most of whom are driven and inspired to learn about the things that personally interest them.
This blog, managed by parent Tammy Glaser, is a valuable collection of stories and lessons about Glaser's experiences homeschooling her now 25-year old daughter with autism and aphasia.This blog is also a part of a bigger Aut 2B Home blog ring.
The Friendship Circle Blog focuses on special education for children with all kinds of special needs, including autism. Parents of homeschooled autistic children will especially enjoy the blog's many articles about ways to foster inclusion and friendship with others.
Though it is no longer updates, Homeschooling Autism is a fantastic resource for homeschooling children with autism. In each post, a mother of a middle school-aged boy with autism details everything from choosing a homeschool curriculum to working on various social skills.
My Aspergers Child is a blog aimed at parents of children with high-functioning autism and Asperger's Syndrome. Most of the extremely helpful articles are written by Mark Hutten, a counseling psychologist and home-based family therapist.
Although not specific to the topic of homeschooling children on the autism spectrum, Reports from a Resident Alien is potentially useful blog for those parents who seek to better understand the thought process of someone on the Spectrum. The blog is written by an adult woman with autism, and topics cover just about every aspect of life.
Teaching Tommy is the blog of Lisa Jo Rudy, a leading voice in homeschooling children with autism. Each blog post documents a new step in the home education of Rudy's son, Tommy.
This active Facebook group has more than 200,000 followers. Though not exclusive to homeschooling children with autism, the group is for autistic people, parents of autistic children, and professionals to share resources and news.
Subtitled "Life, Love, and a Little Autism," this blog is managed by a homeschooling mother of four, two of whom have special needs. It's full of resource ideas, product reviews, helpful information, and even an online shop.
This blog is a great resource for those parents who are unschooling their children with autism, but who were not unschooled themselves. The site offers tons of ideas about unschooling while following the author's own experiences with unschooling, plus a long list of unschooling resources and reviews.
Get Out, Explore, and Have Fun!
This book by Lisa Jo Rudy is full of suggestions on how to get outside and have fun. Aimed at families of children with autism, Rudy's book will not only help parents with ideas on how to fulfill a homeschooler's physical education requirements, but also find various passions outside of the home.
This book by Terri Dowty is a collection of personal stories from parents who homeschool their children on the autism spectrum. Each story provides support and ideas that are beneficial to those just beginning.
"Homeschooling the Challenging Child" offers expert advice on a variety of issues relating to special education. Author Christine Field is an experienced homeschool mom, ensuring that the book is both sympathetic and helpful.
"Homeschooling the Child with Asperger Syndrome" is chock-full of tips and ideas that homeschooling parents can use on any budget and with any curriculum. There are also step-by-step instructions on things like reading body language, dealing with perfectionist tendencies, coordination skills, handwriting, and more.
Homeschooling the Child with Autism is a useful guide that aims to answer the most common questions parents have about teaching their autistic child at home. Also included are useful tips for maintaining a successful home education program.
Based on more than 60 interviews with homeschoolers with different learning abilities, "Homeschooling Your Struggling Learner" provides a wealth of insight into what it's like to teach an autistic child at home. The book is written by Kathy Kuhl, who herself homeschooled a struggling child from elementary school through graduation.
This book is a helpful resource for parents who include ABA therapy in their homeschool schedule. The concise and practical text answers the most common questions about how ABA can help an autistic child and how to deal with ABA therapists and agencies, among other things.
Parents of struggling readers may find this book to be helpful. Written to help parents help children, "Teach Your Child to Read in 100 Lessons" walks parents through the research-based approach to get their child reading without cutting and pasting, without flashcards, and without difficult-to-decipher directions.
This book by Olga Holland is full of insightful encouragement for homeschooling parents of children with autism and Asperger's syndrome. It also provides the reader with a number of useful ideas.
ABCmouse is an online curriculum for children ages 2-8. It provides more than 850 lessons and 8,500 activities on subjects such as reading, math, science, and art and colors, and is designed for students to complete on their own.
A common choice of curriculum among both homeschoolers and private Christian schools, Abeka curriculum is based upon spaced repetition, drills, and workbooks. The curriculum comes with DVDs that add a visual and interactive component to the lessons.
Perfect for the child on the autism spectrum, this program can be done online or via CD. The full math curriculum features easy-to-follow instruction and is based on the proven methodology of the test-grade-review cycle.
All About Reading is a hands-on and sensory-friendly reading curriculum that has been well received by both young homeschooled children and their parents. The myriad activities allow children to develop reading skills at their own pace without stress or frustration.
More than 150 trial programs divided into 12 categories make up the Autism ABA Curriculum. Each category compiles the latest in education, and all programs have been tested in actual therapy environments.
The Autism Curriculum Encyclopedia, better known as ACE, is a complete education package with curriculum that can be customized. ACE is especially popular because it's a comprehensive curriculum database, ensuring their each parent can find exactly the right program for their child.
This flexible secular curriculum has been around for more than 100 years, and has been the chosen curriculum of hundreds of homeschooling families, military families stationed overseas, and even professional child performers and athletes. Calvert is so appealing because it is totally flexible, and families have the option of going with the entire homeschool curriculum or just individual courses.
Designed by a dedicated homeschooling mom with six kids from ages two to 15, Easy Peasy All-in-One Homeschool is a free online curriculum that requires only a computer and the internet. Nearly all materials are free, and the curriculum does not require any major books or supplies.
Explode the Code is a unique reading curriculum designed to help children build a strong literacy foundation. The well-received program additionally aims to help children become lifelong readers.
Gemm Learning is an online curriculum tailored to fit each child based upon online behavioral and reading assessments. As an added bonus, real-time support from educators is available seven days a week.
Neat and legible handwriting is an important skill for any child. Handwriting Without Tears provides multi-sensory handwriting instruction that is developmentally appropriate for each stage of Kindergarten through 5th grade.
K12 is a tuition-free online public school. It is ideal for the homeschooled child with autism, thanks to the fact that it can be individualized to meet any child's needs, including the ability to pick and choose subjects from varying grade levels.
Older students who are hesitant about math will appreciate Life of Fred Mathematics. This unique math curriculum is written in the style of a humorous novel, and students learn various math concepts and methods through the main character's many encounters with real-world math.
Math-U-See is a favorite curriculum for parents of autistic children. This is due in large part to its included manipulatives and helpful paper work.
A classical curriculum well suited, but not exclusively designed, for children on the autism spectrum. Besides the basics, each grade level focuses on a different part of the Western Heritage such as Greek myths, Famous Men of Rome, and Famous Men of the Middle Ages, among others.
The Miquon Math curriculum is ideal for students who need to work with their hands in order to understand math concepts. The simple and visually plain workbooks provide for a distraction-free work environment, while manipulatives are included to help the student understand.
The Oak Meadow Curriculum is a unique homeschool curriculum well suited for students with autism or disabilities. Lessons are exciting and vary day-by-day, and accommodate all learning styles.
Saxon Math is a math curriculum commonly used in public schools, but well suited for children on the autism spectrum. The curriculum is characterized by its straight-forward approach and interactive manipulatives.
TEACCH Autism Program is a curriculum put together by the research program of the same name at University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. The curriculum, which is more of a framework for achieving educational goals, includes online resources, guidelines for proper assessments, and plenty of teaching materials.
Designed exclusively for children on the autism spectrum, this software-based curriculum comes in two different programs: TeachTown Basics and TeachTown Social Skills. Each combines computer-based and parent-led activities with relatable animated characters.
Whereas most curriculum companies offer their single product, Timberdoodle allows parents to assemble their own custom "curriculum kits." Besides the usual subjects, kit items can include lessons and activities for art, the Bible, STEM, and puzzles, among other things.
Time4Learning is a popular curriculum choice for parents of students with autism. The online curriculum stresses both learning and social skills, and can be done at the student's own pace.
Unlike most computer-based curricula for those on the autism spectrum, Wilo Star 3D creates a virtual world for students, complete with virtual classes students can "attend." Lessons in English, math, history, and more are taught through Power Point presentations, audio, and magic white boards.
WriteShop is a writing curriculum designed specifically for "writing-phobic children." The curriculum is available for students of all ages, including primary, and uses step-by-step lessons to introduce and develop basic writing skills in a way students can enjoy.
The Autism Show is an online radio cast meant specifically for autism parents and educators — or parent educators. The weekly show always covers relevant and helpful topics, and features a variety of autism advocates, educators, organizations, and authors.
A variety of renowned professionals contribute to this podcast series covering new and relevant information about autism and mental disabilities. The podcasts can be especially helpful in assisting homeschooling parents in creating goals for their student.
Though Savvy Homeschool Moms is not specific to homeschooling children with autism (they do have an entire episode on the topic however), this podcast still proves itself invaluable to anyone trying to educate their children at home. Each episode answers listener questions, reviews new resources, and discusses various tips and ideas.
Part of the Bam! radio network, the Special Education Channel is a must-listen for parents and those interested in educating students with a range of disabilities, including autism. Some topics discussed include helping kids overcome challenges such as dyslexia, strategies for teaching children on the autism spectrum, developing communication systems, and more.
Speech and language pathologist Carrie Clark hosts this popular podcast. Perfect for parents with children who struggle with speech/language delay, Speech and Language Kids Podcast covers topics such as articulation, phonology, alternative communication, and stuttering.
On this (mostly) free website, parents of children with autism can find fun and unique art projects with which to pursue with their student. More than 30 arts and crafts projects, plus some "how to draw" activities, are featured with detailed, easy-to-follow instructions.
Do2Learn is an interactive website that acts as a fun way for children to practice both behavior management and social skills while learning. The site includes thousands of free pages. Activities include songs, games, academic material, and communication cards, among so much more.
There are hundreds of free games, printables, and videos available on Funbrain. Aimed at children from preschool to 8th grade, Funbrain is a fun and unique way for students to practice key skills such as shapes, letter sounds, fractions, etc.
More supplementary activity than curriculum, the Fundanoodle I Can Pound Kit is designed for Kindergarteners and other young learners who might benefit from hands-on activities to learn letters. The kit includes pound-out letter sheets, coloring sheets, dot-to-dots, and other activities that can be done independently.
Another great Fundanoodle resource for young children with autism are the Muscle Mover Cards. Available in both uppercase and lowercase options, each dry-erase card includes a traceable letter on one side, and a fun animal-themed activity on the other (an immediate brain break!).
Green Kids Crafts Subscription Program is an awesome resource for homeschooling parents in need of some arts and crafts ideas. A box is delivered monthly, filled with fun hands-on craft ideas with easy-to-follow instructions.
Homeschooled children with autism can supplement their curriculum where needed thanks to IXL Learning, a website which provides students with activities aligned with the most common curriculum standards. The website requires a low monthly subscription fee, and has activities in math, language arts, science, and social studies for grades K-12.
This online resource consists of interactive games and lessons aimed at young children as they learn language and literacy skills. There are even activities in Spanish, French, and German, and myriad "print and practice" activities.
Reading Eggs is an online resource for games to help young children practice reading skills. The subscription-based program includes tons of videos and activities that a child with autism will both enjoy and be able to complete at his or her own pace.
For many homeschooling parents, art presents a particularly unique challenges, which is why Sparketh Online Art Lessons is such an appealing and ideal resource. The internet-based resource allows for parent-guided or independent work, and walks students through a series of fun, easy-to-understand art projects.
The New Start Suspense Series is a series of six short novels aimed specifically at young readers with reading challenges. Each novel features the same case of characters and is divided into short and manageable chapters.
SuccessMaker, by Pearson, is a helpful supplement for students struggling with math or literacy. The computer-based program is adaptive and prescriptive, with activities that are easy to understand and frustration-free.
Typing remains an important skill for every child to have. Typing Instructor for Kids is a computer-based program that kids can follow to learn typing skills the fun way.
For those homeschooled children independent and responsible enough to need a morning alarm clock, the Wake Up Light is the ideal option. Perfect for those kids who are sensitive to sounds, the Wake Up Light gradually brightens to wake up kids the same way the sun does.
A Yahoo! group for parents, family members, and friends of homeschooled children with Asperger's Syndrome. Members of the group are invited to share their challenges and successes, ask questions, and offer advice relating to education.
Asperger's Family Forum is a helpful Facebook forum in which like-minded people can post to find support, encouragement, information, and ideas.
Autism Unschool is a Yahoo! group for those who are "unschooling" their children with autism. Members can offer and receive advice, ask questions, and generally support.
A massive list of homeschooling support groups throughout the world. Search your location to find others who can help you with local laws, ideas, recommendations, and other forms of support.
Homeschool.com is a great resource for any homeschooling parent, but its Autistic Child Forum makes it an especially helpful resource for those who homeschool children with autism. The forum acts as a support group where members can ask questions, offer or seek advice, or simply share challenges and triumphs.
Home Schooling Aspies is a support list for Christian homeschooling parents of children with Asperger's Syndrome. Posted topics are meant to encourage, inspire, support, and prompt prayer.
A2Z Homeschooling is an invaluable website for parent educators of students with autism. The website features tons of advice in the form of stories from other parents and professionals, plus online support and reviews on autism-themed books and websites.
Aven's Corner is an online game resource aimed at autistic children or others in need of simple, uncluttered games. Games are designed to assist children with everything from hand-eye coordination, to learning how to click on objects, and plenty in between.
Autism Classroom is a website aimed at parents and educators of children with autism. The site is a great resource that includes free teaching materials, tips on setting up a home classroom, and reviews of and links to new mobile apps and other resources.
Autistic Homeschooling is a website chock-full of resources for homeschool parents. Besides topics specifically related to homeschooling, the website also covers topics related to autism and Asperger's in general and unschooling.
For those for whom Common Core material applies, this free website is a great resource for finding lesson worksheets or additional practice. Common Core-approved worksheets can be found for such subjects as math, social studies, science, language arts, writing, spelling, and even other languages.
Managed by a dad of four daughters, this helpful website is a compendium of math worksheets and charts. The site is organized like a blog, and offers tips and ideas to supplement each worksheet.
When it comes to finding worksheets and activity lessons, Ed Helper is an ideal resource for the homeschooling parent. The worksheets do not require prep on the part of the parent/teacher, and available worksheet categories include math, spelling, reading comprehension, grammar, and even summer workouts.
Education Creation is an inexpensive resource for educators. Parents can search the website for skill-building worksheets, morning work, reading prompts, and more to supplement any curriculum and provide extra practice where needed.
Family Friendly Fun is a website aimed at providing parents of special needs children with ideas for activities and resources. The website also includes a free online forum for parents to connect with other homeschooling parents around the world.
Because so many parents of children with autism find that "unschooling" is the best system for their family, The Family Unschoolers Network is a great resource. The website provides interesting newsletter articles, lots of resources, book reviews, and must-read websites.
A website that describes itself as a "vibrant community for homeschooling families." The website includes information on various resources, curriculum reviews, and even recipes, among other things.
This incredibly useful website offers up a massive collection of entertaining and easy-to-follow videos on a variety of topics. Every video is free of charge and can be used as a lesson or as a supplement when a topic is proving difficult to understand.
The Mighty claims to be the most popular disabilities-themed website on the internet. Whether or not that's true, this immensely valuable resource includes a a large autism community and information from autistic people, parents, and pros.
This helpful website is chock-full of free learning resources. Homeschooling parents of children with autism can find just about anything they might be looking for, including free online college-level courses, language-learning resources, and much, much more.
Special Needs Homeschooling is a website specifically aimed at helping homeschooling families of special needs students excel. The site includes various resources about autism and learning, an online store, reviews of different products, and a discussion forum.
Super Teacher Worksheets offers parents and educators thousands of free or inexpensive worksheets to supplement lessons or units. The site is especially helpful thanks to its easy-to-navigate menu of topics and subtopics.
This unique website connects teachers (including homeschooling parents) from around the world. Educators in need of specific assignments or learning units (of which there are plenty for the autistic student) can simply check the massive database, then purchase what they like.


I just received my "gently used" Tesla and I noticed the USB ports in the front looking odd. Can someone verify that this is damaged or is one a usb and the other is something I'm not familiar with. Thanks.


• Pinterest는 "10 명의 엄마 중 8 명은 플랫폼에 달려있다"면서 "가계의 제품과 서비스를 구매할 때 주로 의사 결정자가된다"고 덧붙였다.
• 코웬 앤 컴퍼니 (Cowen and Company)의 조사에 따르면 미국에서는 소셜 네트워크보다 Pinterest를 사용하여 제품을 찾고 쇼핑하는 사람들이 늘어나고 있다고 합니다.
• "Facebook이나 Google이 싱글 사인온 (sign-on)을 중단하거나 장애를 경험하게 되면, 이 기능을 사용하는 사용자를 잃게 되고 복구 할 수 없게되어 사용자 증가 또는 참여가 감소할 수 있습니다."
• 투자자들은 회사에 15 억 달러 이상을 투자하고 있으며, 그 마지막 평가에서 Pinterest는 약 120 억 달러를 기록했습니다.
It'll be $PINS on the NYSE and has 250M active users / $750M+ in revenue...and only made a loss of $63M last year. Not bad?
And they're listing on the NYSE no less. In the old days, Pinterest would have had to go to Nasdaq to get the cherished 4-letter PINS ticker.
Can this be right, from Pinterest's IPO filing?
Eight of 10 moms in the U.S. who are on the internet use Pinterest.
Pinterest claims "8 out of 10 moms" in US use its service.
Pinterest says two-thirds of its 250M monthly users are female.
Folks marvel @ Zoom's YOY growth, confused by the concept of profitability & miss that its founder was on WebEx founding team https://t.co/SPtUrLi2GA bottom line: a great & 'simple' product.
핀터레스트가 드디어 상장 신청. 내달부터 뉴욕증권거래소에서 거래된다고. 지난해 매출이 756M, 63M적자. 매출도 빠르게 늘고 있고 적자도 줄고 있음. MAU는 2억5천만명. 그중 3분지2가 여성. https://t.co/1UrQCoi2aD 조용히 성장해 IPO하는 회사.
I think Pinterest is underestimated.
Fun fact from the @Pinterest S-1.
"We were incorporated in Delaware in October 2008 as Cold Brew Labs Inc. In April 2012, we changed our name to Pinterest, Inc."