text:
Dr. Mohammad Husain
Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, India
PostDoc Fellow in Microbiology and Immunology from University of Arizona, USA
http://livedna.org/91.14177
PostDoc Fellow
University of Arizona, USA
Ganai, A.A. and M. Husain, 2017. Genistein attenuates D-GaIN induced liver fibrosis/chronicliver damage in rats by blocking the TGF-B/Smad signaling pathways. Chem. Biol. Interact., 261: 80-85.
Nafis, S., K. Ponnusamy, M. Husain, R.K.B. Singh and R.N.K. Bamezai, 2016. Identification of key regulators and their controlling mechanism in a combinatorial apoptosis network: a systems biology approach. Mol. Biosyst., 12: 3357-3369.
Misbah, M., G. Roy, M. Shahid, N. Nag, S. Kumar and M. Husain, 2016. Comparative analysis of drug resistance mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase gene in patients who are non-responsive, responsive and naive to antiretroviral therapy. Arch. Virol., 161: 1101-1113.
Husain, M. and P. Gupta, 2016. Recent advances in HIV/AIDS. In: Holistic Approaches to Infectious Deseases. George, A., K.S. Joshy, M. Sebastian, O.S. Oluwafemi and S. Thomas, (Ed.). Apple Academic Press, USA., pp- 120.147.
Haque, S., X. Lan, H. Wen, R. Lederman and A. Chawla et al., 2016. HIV Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Complex Activation in Murine HIV-Associated Nephropathy. Am. J. Pathol., 186: 347-358.
Ahmad, N., E. Matala, V.R.K. Yedavalli, T. Hahn and M. Husain, 2016. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 involved in maternal-fetal transmission. In: Advances in Animal Virology. Jameel, S. and L. Villarreal, (Ed.). Science Inc., USA., pp- 351-370.
Zaidi, S.L., S. Mittal, M.S. Rajala, F. Avecilla, M. Husain and A. Azam, 2015. Synthesis, characterization and antiamoebic activity of chalcones bearing N-substituted ethanamine tail. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 98: 179-189.
Nafis, S., P. Kalaiarasan, R.K.B. Singh, M. Husain and R.N.K. Bamezai, 2015. Apoptosis regulatory protein-protein interaction demonstrates hierarchical scale-free fractal network. Briefings Bioinf., 16: 675-699.
Ayasolla, K.R., P. Rai, S. Rahimipour, M. Husain, A. Malhotra and P.C. Singhal, 2015. Tubular cell phenotype in HIV-associated nephropathy: Role of phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 99: 109-115.
Gupta, P., M. Husain, C. Hans, H. Ram and S.S. Verma et al., 2014. Sequence heterogeneity in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef in patients presenting with rapid progression and delayed progression to AIDS. Arch. Virol., 159: 2303-2320.
Chandel, N., K. Ayasolla, X. Lan, P. Rai and J. Mikulak et al., 2014. Renin modulates HIV replication in T cells. J. Leukocyte Biol., 96: 601-609.
Rai, P., A. Plagov, X. Lan, N. Chandel and T. Singh et al., 2013. mTOR plays a critical role in p53-induced oxidative kidney cell injury in HIVAN. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 305: 343-354.
Rai, P., A. Plagov, D. Kumar, S. Pathak and K.R. Ayasolla et al., 2013. Rapamycin-induced modulation of HIV gene transcription attenuates progression of HIVAN. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 94: 255-261.
Lan, X., P. Rai, N. Chandel, K. Cheng and R. Lederman et al., 2013. Morphine induces albuminuria by compromising podocyte integrity. PLoS One, 10.1371/journal.pone.0055748.
Lan, X., K. Cheng, N. Chandel, R. Lederman and A. Jhaveri et al., 2013. High glucose enhances HIV entry into T cells through upregulation of CXCR4. J. Leukoc. Biol., 94: 769-777.
Cheng, K., P. Rai, A. Plagov, X. Lan and P.W. Mathieson et al., 2013. Rapamycin-induced modulation of miRNA expression is associated with amelioration of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Exp. Cell Res., 319: 2073-2080.
Cheng, K., P. Rai, A. Plagov, X. Lan and A. Subrati et al., 2013. MicroRNAs in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Exp. Mol. Pathol., 94: 65-72.
Chandel, N., M. Husain, H. Goel, D. Salhan and X. Lan et al., 2013. VDR hypermethylation and HIV-induced T cell loss. J. Leukoc. Biol., 93: 623-631.
Chandel, N., B. Sharma, M. Husain, D. Salhan and T. Singh et al., 2013. HIV compromises integrity of the podocyte actin cytoskeleton through downregulation of the vitamin D receptor. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 304: 1347-1357.
Bharadwaj, M., G. Roy, K. Dutta, M. Misbah, M. Husain and S. Hussain, 2013. Tackling hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma-the future is now. Cancer Metastasis Rev., 32: 229-268.
Vashistha, H., P.C. Singhal, A. Malhotra, M. Husain and P. Mathieson et al., 2012. Null mutations at the p66 and bradykinin 2 receptor loci induce divergent phenotypes in the diabetic kidney. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 303: 1629-1640.
Singh, P., H. Goel, M. Husain, X. Lan and J. Mikulak et al., 2012. Tubular cell HIV-entry through apoptosed CD4 T cells: A novel pathway. Virology, 434: 68-77.
Salhan, D., M. Husain, A. Subrati, R. Goyal and T. Singh et al., 2012. HIV- induced kidney cell injury: role of ROS-induced downregulated vitamin D receptor. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 303: 503-514.
Salhan, D., A. Sagar, D. Kumar, R. Rattanavich and P. Rai et al., 2012. HIV-associated nephropathy: Role of AT(2)R. Cell. Signal., 24: 734-741.
Rehman, S., N. Chandel, D. Salhan, P. Rai and B. Sharma et al., 2012. Ethanol and Vitamin D Receptor in T Cell Apoptosis. J. Neuroimmune Pharmacol., 8: 251-261.
Rehman, S., M. Husain, A. Yadav, B.S. Kasinath, A. Malhotra and P.C. Singhal, 2012. HIV-1 promotes renal tubular epithelial cell protein synthesis: role of mTOR pathway. PLoS One, 10.1371/journal.pone.0030071.
Chandel, N., B. Sharma, D. Salhan, M. Husain, A. Malhotra, S. Buch and P.C. Singhal, 2012. Vitamin D receptor activation and downregulation of renin-angiotensin system attenuate morphine- induced T cell apoptosis. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 303: 607-615.
Salhan, D., S. Pathak, M. Husain, P. Tandon and D. Kumar et al., 2011. HIV gene expression deactivates redox-sensitive stress response program in mouse tubular cells both in vitro and in vivo. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 302: 129-140.
Pathak, P., M.C. Sharma, C. Sarkar, P. Jha and V. Suri et al., 2010. Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A in India: a study based on semi-quantitative protein analysis, with clinical and histopathological correlation. Neurol. India, 58: 549-554.
Vashishtha, H., M. Husain, D. Kumar and P.C. Singhal, 2009. Tubular cell HIV-1 gp120 expression induces caspase 8 activation and apoptosis. Renal Fail., 31: 303-312.
Husain, M., L.G. Meggs, H. Vashistha, S. Simoes and K.O. Griffiths et al., 2009. Inhibition of p66ShcA Longevity Gene Rescues Podocytes from HIV-1-induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. J. Biol. Chem., 284: 16648-16658.
Arora, S., M. Husain, H. Patni, L. Luan and F. Batliwala et al., 2009. Human immunodeficiency virus down regulates podocytes ApoE expression. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 297: 653-661.
Vashist, H., M. Husain, D. Kumar, A. Yadav, S. Arora and P.C. Singhal, 2008. HIV-1 expression induces tubular cell G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Renal Fail., 30: 655-664.
Rosenstiel, P., T.T. Gruosso, A. Letourneau, J. Chan and M. Husain et al., 2008. HIV-1 Vpr inhibits cytokinesis in human proximal tubule cells. Kidney Int., 74: 1049-1058.
He, J.C., T.C. Lu, M. Fleet, M. Sunamoto and M. Husain et al., 2007. Retinoic Acid Inhibits HIV-1-Induced Podocyte Proliferation through the cAMP Pathway. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 18: 93-102.
Zerhouni-Layachi, B., M. Husain, M.J. Ross, D. Marras and M. Sunamoto et al., 2006. Dual tropism of HIV-1 envelopes derived from renal tubular epithelial cells of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy. AIDS, 20: 621-624.
Ross, M.J., M.S. Wosnitzer, M.D. Ross, B. Granelli and G.L. Gusella et al., 2006. Role of ubiquitin-like protein FAT10 in epithelial apoptosis in renal disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 17: 996-1006.
Ramakrishnan, R., M. Husain, A. Holzer, R. Mehta, V. Sundaravaradan and N. Ahmad, 2005. Evaluation of HIV type 1 rev gene diversity and functional domains following perinatal transmission. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 21: 1035-1045.
Husain, M,. V.D. D`Agati, J.C. He, M. Klotman and P.E. Klotman, 2005. HIV-1 Nef induces dedifferentiation of podocytes in vivo: a characteristic feature of HIVAN. AIDS, 19: 1975-1980.
Yedavalli, V.R.K., M. Husain, A. Horodner and N. Ahmad, 2004. Molecular characterization of HIV type 1 vpu genes from mother and infants after perinatal transmission. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 17: 1089-1098.
Husain, M., T. Hahn, R.K. Yedavalli and N. Ahmad, 2004. Characterization of HIV Type-1 tat sequences associated with perinatal transmission. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 17: 765-773.
He, J.C., M. Husain, M. Sunamoto, V.D. D`Agati, M.E. Klotman, R. Iyengar and P. Klotman, 2004. Nef stimulates proliferation of glomerular podocytes through activation of Src-dependent Stat3 and MAPK1, 2 pathways. J. Clin. Invest., 114: 643-651.
Sunamoto, M., M. Husain, I.H. Gelman, E.J. Schwartz and P.E. Klotman, 2003. Podocyte dedifferentiation in a mouse model of HIV-associated nephropathy: Role of HIV-1 accessory genes. Kidney Int., 64: 1695-1701.
Nelson, P.J., M. Sunamoto, M. Husain and I.H. Gelman, 2002. HIV-1 expression induces cyclin D1 expression and pRb phosphorylation in infected podocytes: cell cycle mechanisms contributing to the proliferative phenotype in HIV-associated nephropathy. BMC Microbiol., 2: 26-26.
Husain, M., G.L. Gusella, M.E. Klotman, I.H. Gelman and M.D. Ross et al., 2002. HIV-1 Nef induces proliferation anchorage-independent growth in podocytes. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 13: 1806-1815.
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text:
El Come ye Blessed cuya traducción significa Venid, benditos (o Pitcairn Anthem) es el himno oficial de las Islas Pitcairn (Reino Unido). God Save the King es el himno oficial de la Isla Norfolk (Australia), pero aunque Come ye Blessed es el himno no oficial, es utilizado en muchos eventos de la isla. La letra procede del Evangelio de Mateo, capítulo 25, versos 34-36 y 40.

Enlaces externos
 Partitura del himno

Islas Pitcairn
Himnos del Reino Unido
Isla Norfolk
Símbolos de Australia
Islas Pitcairn

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
David Vincent Hooper (31 de agosto de 1915, Reigate - maio de 1998) foi um proeminente escritor sobre enxadrismo e enxadrista amador britânico. Como enxadrista, empatou em quinto lugar no Campeonato Britânico de 1949 e venceu o campeonato de xadrez por correspondência de 1944 e o campeonato de Londres de 1948. Participou também das Olimpíadas de Xadrez de Helsinki em 1952.

Hooper foi um especialista na teoria de finais e da história do xadrez no século XX. Sua obra mais conhecida é o livro The Oxford Companion to Chess (co-autorado com Kenneth Whyld), Steinitz (Hamburgo 1968, em alemão), e A Pocket Guide to Chess Endgames (Londres 1970).

Livros publicados

Referências

Ligações externas

Escritores do Reino Unido


I'm not sure if there's a place here to share beautiful quotes. But there are so many of them. I'd like to add in a quote or saying on a daily basis.
A man slips more by his tongue than by his foot!
It is pointless to watch other people's houses crumbling when our own house is in need of repair and attention.
Allah SWT never burdens a soul more than it can bear.
Allah SWT only tests those that he loves.
me is to make me a martyr.
Not really a saying but I like it.
"He who boasts of his ancestry is praising the deeds of another."
Subhanallah! This is tooo beautiful.
Ah! This is a real gem. What a beauty!!
Ah! How I love Shakespeare's plays! Beautiful and famous lines, these are. I like them too. Jazakallah khair for sharing, sister.
Fudayl ibn `Iyad (rahimahullah) said, "A believer plants a palm tree and fears that thorns will grow. The hypocrites plant thorns expecting ripe dates to grow!"
Because once upon a time, we were best friends. And, yes, there's been a lot of bad stuff in between. But none of that matters right now, okay? You need me, I'm there. Any time, any place, anywhere.
1. Reputation is made in a moment. Character is built in a life-time.
2. What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say.
Last edited by Flame of Hope; 03-18-2011 at 09:39 PM.
Sometimes things are not what they are seen, you have to look beyond what you see.
You have to give something up for the sake of something else.
Last edited by peace_maker; 03-19-2011 at 12:11 PM.
"In all things Muhammad was profoundly practical. When his beloved son Ibrahim died, an eclipse occurred, and rumours of God's personal condolence quickly arose. Whereupon Muhammad is said to have announced, "An eclipse is a phenomenon of nature. It is foolish to attribute such things to the death or birth of a human being." At Muhammad's own death an attempt was made to deify him, but the man who was to become his administrative successor killed the hysteria with one of the noblest speeches in religious history: "If there are any among you who worshipped Muhammad, he is dead. But if it is God you worshipped, He lives forever."
No job is inferior, People who carry out the job are inferior..
Fate knows where you are going, but it is up to you to drive there.
Good intentions are not good enough... ultimately we are measured by our actions. - Unknown.
He who kneels before Allah can stand before anyone.
ashes cannot fairly be angry'.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}

A large number of coincident D3-branes in a smooth spacetime induce a
supergravity metric which is locally $AdS_5 \times S^5$.  It is in the
context of this geometry that the AdS/CFT correspondence was first
developed \cite{JuanAdS97,gkPol,WitHolOne}.  Considerable thought has
already been given to D3-branes on orbifold singularities
\cite{ksOrb,lnv}, as components of F-theory vacua \cite{Kehag}, in the
presence of D7-branes and orientifolds \cite{fsOrient,kz,afm} and more
recently on conifold singularities \cite{kw}.  In each case the
geometry can be worked out, and properties of the D3-brane
world-volume theory can be deduced from the holographic prescriptions
of \cite{gkPol,WitHolOne}.

An alternative approach, which we take in this paper, is to start with
a geometry and see how its properties relate via the holographic
correspondence to conformal field theory.  The conjecture is implicit
in \cite{WitHolOne} that {\it any} anti-de Sitter vacuum of string
theory or M-theory defines a conformal field theory.\footnote{Since
one needs a stress tensor to define a CFT and hence a graviton in the
bulk spectrum, it seems that a theory containing gravity is necessary
in the bulk to make the conjecture reasonable.  If anything more than
a large $N$ limit of the boundary theory is desired, the bulk theory
must be quantum mechanical.  It is for this reason that we consider
string theory or M-theory the only candidates for the bulk theory.}
The simplest examples apart from $S^5$ involve the coset manifolds
$T^{pq}$ considered in \cite{romans}.  Of these, only $T^{11}$
preserves some supersymmetry (${\cal N}=1$, which is $1/4$ of maximal
considering conformal invariance).  One is entitled to wonder what
status the other $T^{pq}$ compactifications have as string vacua.  In
any case, whatever exotic quantum field theoretic behavior reflects
the usual pathologies of non-supersymmetric string vacua, it is at
least a fascinating consequence of holography that a conformal fixed
point at large $N$ and strong coupling exists and is characterized by
compactified classical type IIB supergravity.

In section~\ref{TpqVol} we use the volume of the Einstein manifold to
compute the central charge of the conformal field theory.  The results
tally with field theory in the case of orbifolds, but for the coset
manifolds the central charge is typically irrational, which rules out
any weakly interacting lagrangian description.  For the case of
$T^{11}$ supported by $N$ units of D3-brane charge, the central charge
is $27/16$ times the central charge for ${\cal N}=4$ $U(N)$
super-Yang-Mills theory.  Through an analysis, presented in
section~\ref{FTAnom}, of anomalous three point functions of the
$R$-current and the stress-energy tensor, we are able to reproduce
this number on the field theory side.

In section~\ref{TpqLap} we compute the spectrum of the scalar
laplacian on the $T^{pq}$ manifolds.  Typically, dimensions of
operators are irrational as well.  In the case of $T^{11}$, only part
of this spectrum can be related to chiral primaries and their
descendants; most of the others again have irrational dimensions.
There is no reason to suppose that these dimensions do not flow as
couplings are changed, but this makes their finite values in the limit
of supergravity's validity all the more remarkable: they provide an
example of operators whose dimensions are not protected but
nevertheless tend to finite values in the strong coupling limit.

\section{Volume and curvature of $T^{pq}$}
\label{TpqVol}

From the basic AdS/CFT setup as enunciated in \cite{gkPol,WitHolOne},
one can conclude that the central charge of the conformal field theory
is inversely proportional (in the large $N$ limit at least) to the
volume of the compact five-dimensional Einstein manifold $M_5$.  To
see this, consider the geometry
  \eqn{EinGeom}{\eqalign{
   ds^2 &= {L^2 \over z^2} (d\vec{x}^2 + dz^2) + L^2 ds_{M_5}^2  \cr
   F &= {N\sqrt{\pi} \over 2 \mop{Vol} M_5}
    \left( \mop{vol}_{M_5} + \mop{vol}_{AdS} \right)
  }}
 where the metric $ds_{M_5}^2$ is taken to have curvature
$R_\alpha{}^\beta = 4 \delta_\alpha^\beta$.  The volume $\mop{Vol} M_5$ and
the five-forms $\mop{vol}_{M_5}$ and $\mop{vol}_{AdS}$ refer to the metrics
$ds_{M_5}^2$ and $\tf{1}{z^2} (d\vec{x}^2 + dz^2)$ (ie, without the
powers of $L$ which appear in the full ten-dimensional metric).  $N$
is the integer 3-brane charge.  The Einstein equation,
  \eqn{EinEq}{
   R_M{}^N = {\kappa^2 \over 6} F_{M P_1 P_2 P_3 P_4}
    F^{N P_1 P_2 P_3 P_4} \ ,
  }
 is satisfied if one takes
  \eqn{LReq}{
   L^4 = {\sqrt{\pi} \over 2} {\kappa N \over \mop{Vol} M_5} \ .
  }
 After compactification on $M_5$, type~IIB supergravity can be
summarized by the action
  \eqn{IIBAct}{
   S = {\mop{Vol} M_5 \over 2 \kappa^2} L^8 \int d^5 x \, \sqrt{g}
    \left( R + 12 - \tf{1}{2} (\partial\phi)^2 + \ldots \right) \ .
  }
 In \IIBAct, the metric is taken to be $ds^2 = g_{\mu\nu} dx^\mu
dx^\nu = \tf{1}{z^2} (d\vec{x}^2 + dz^2)$: we have rescaled out all
factors of $L$ from the integrand.  In view of \LReq, the prefactor on
$S$ in \IIBAct\ is ${\pi N^2 \over 8 \mop{Vol} M_5}$.  All correlators
calculated via the holographic prescription of \cite{gkPol,WitHolOne}
include an overall factor $1/ \mop{Vol} M_5$ from this prefactor.

Indeed, one of the first checks made in \cite{gkPol} was to see that
the central charge of the ${\cal N} = 4$ theory came out correctly
from the two-point function of the stress-energy tensor, calculated
essentially via \IIBAct\ with $M_5 = S^5$.  In a more involved
calculation, the authors of \cite{hsWeyl} succeeded in establishing
  \eqn{OneWeyl}{
   \langle T^\alpha{}_\alpha \rangle_{g_{\mu\nu}} =
    -a E_4 - c I_4
  }
 where
  \eqn{EIWeyl}{\eqalign{
   E_4 &= {1 \over 16 \pi^2} \left( R_{ijkl}^2 - 4 R_{ij}^2 +
     R^2 \right)  \cr
   I_4 &= -{1 \over 16 \pi^2} \left( R_{ijkl}^2 - 2 R_{ij}^2 +
     \tf{1}{3} R^2 \right)
  }}
 from the holographic prescription applied to an arbitrary boundary
metric $g_{\mu\nu}$ in the conformal class of (compactified) Minkowski
space.  The calculation again follows from \IIBAct\ (improved by
boundary terms and regulated), so $a$ and $c$ carry an inverse factor
of $\mop{Vol} M_5$.  The coefficient $c$ is the same as what we have called
the central charge (namely the normalization of the two-point function
of the stress-energy tensor), so the first term of \OneWeyl\ follows
from what was already worked out in \cite{gkThree}.  The derivation of
\cite{hsWeyl} shows that $a=c$ is a consequence of holography plus the
product space structure of the spacetime (thus restricting the types
of theories one could hope to construct holographically from product
geometries).  It was also reported there that the agreement between
the holographic and free field values of $a$ and $c$ persists to
orbifolded theories such as those considered in \cite{ksOrb}.  The
free field counting is done using the following table \cite{DuffWeyl}
(all other entries follow from the first three):
  \eqn{CCC}{
   \begin{tabular}{|l||c|c|} \hline
    field                          &$ a      $&$ c     $ \\ \hline
    real scalar                    &$ 1/360  $&$ 1/120 $ \\
    complex Weyl fermion           &$ 11/720 $&$ 1/40  $ \\
    vector boson                   &$ 31/180 $&$ 1/10  $ \\
    ${\cal N}=1$ chiral multiplet  &$ 1/48   $&$ 1/24  $ \\
    ${\cal N}=1$ vector multiplet  &$ 3/16   $&$ 1/8   $ \\
    ${\cal N}=2$ hyper multiplet   &$ 1/24   $&$ 1/12  $ \\
    ${\cal N}=2$ vector multiplet  &$ 5/24   $&$ 1/6   $ \\
    ${\cal N}=4$ vector multiplet  &$ 1/4    $&$ 1/4 $   \\ \hline
   \end{tabular}
  }
 Counting the free field content is a reliable method for computing
the anomaly coefficients as long as there is at least ${\cal N}=1$
supersymmetry, since then $T^\mu{}_\mu$ and $\partial_\mu R^\mu$ are
superpartners and the Adler-Bardeen theorem may be applied.  In fact,
the results of \cite{bkv,bj} imply that the free field counting is
valid to leading order in large $N$ even for non-supersymmetric
theories obtained by orbifolding the ${\cal N}=4$ theory.  Indeed, all
the agreements obtained so far are strictly leading large $N$ limits:
the exact result $a=c=(N^2-1)/4$ for ${\cal N}=4$ $SU(N)$ gauge theory
apparently includes a one-loop contribution from supergravity.

To learn the central charge of the $T^{pq}$ theories, we must compute
the volume of these manifolds.  We will use the methods of \cite{CRW}.
There are a few important differences between the conventions used
here and those of \cite{CRW} and \cite{romans}, and we will write out
formulas explicitly enough to disambiguate them.  To form the quotient
space $T^{pq}$ we start with $SU(2) \times SU(2)$ generated by $i
\sigma_k$ and $i \tau_k$, where $k$ runs from $1$ to $3$, and divide
out by the $U(1)$ generated by $\omega = p \sigma_3 + q \tau_3$.  Let
us write the generators as
  \eqn{RotGen}{
   i \sigma_l \ , \quad i \tau_s \ , \quad
   Z = q i \sigma_3 - p i \tau_3 \ , \quad
   \omega = p i \sigma_3 + q i \tau_3
  }
 where $l$ and $s$ run over $1,2$.  Referring to these anti-hermitian
generators collectively as $t_a$, we define the structure constants and
Killing metric so that
  \eqn{Cgamma}{\eqalign{
   [t_a,t_b] &= C_{ab}^c t_c  \cr
   \gamma_{ab} &= -\tf{1}{8} C_{ac}^d C_{bd}^c \ .
  }}
 The normalization of $\gamma_{ab}$ is chosen so that this is the same
metric as the natural one on $S^3 \times S^3$ where $S^3$ is the unit
three-sphere.  In this metric, the volume of $SU(2) \times SU(2)$ is
$(2 \pi^2)^2$, and the length of the orbit of $\omega$ is $2 \pi
\sqrt{p^2+q^2}$.  So before the symmetric rescaling,
  \eqn{VolBefore}{
   \mop{Vol} T^{pq} = {2 \pi^3 \over \sqrt{p^2+q^2}} \ .
  }
 The symmetric rescaling referred to in \cite{romans} and detailed in
\cite{CRW} is a replacement $e^a \to r(a) e^a$, where $e^a$ is the
vielbein for the coset space generated by $i\sigma_l$, $i\tau_s$, and
$Z$.  In a (hopefully) obvious notation, let us choose
  \eqn{raDef}{
   r(l) = \sqrt{a} \gamma \quad r(s) = \sqrt{b} \gamma \quad
    r(Z) = \gamma \ .
  }
 The volume in the new metric, which we shall call the squashed
metric, is
  \eqn{VolAfter}{
   \mop{Vol} T^{pq} = {2 \pi^3 \over \sqrt{p^2+q^2}} {1 \over a b \gamma^5} \ .
  }
 The squashed metric still has an isometry group $SU(2) \times SU(2)
\times U(1)$.  Furthermore, with a special choice of $a$ and $b$, the
metric can be made Einstein.  In \cite{CRW} the following expression
is given for the Riemann tensor (up to a convention-dependent factor
of $2$):\footnote{In \eno{RCDerive} the Riemann tensor has been
defined from the spin connection via $R^a{}_b = \tf{1}{2}
R^a{}_{b\mu\nu} dy^\mu dy^\nu = d\omega + \omega \wedge \omega$,
whereas in \cite{CRW} the factor of $\tf{1}{2}$ is omitted.  In
\cite{romans} the normalization seems to be the same as used here.}
  \eqn{RCDerive}{\eqalign{
   R^a{}_{bcd} &= \tf{1}{2} C_{bc}^a C_{de}^c
     \left( {a\ b \atop c} \right) +
    C_{b\omega}^a C_{de}^\omega r(d) r(e)  \cr &\quad +
    \tf{1}{4} C_{cd}^a C_{be}^c \left( {a\ c \atop d} \right)
     \left( {b\ c \atop e} \right) -
    \tf{1}{4} C_{ce}^a C_{bd}^c \left( {a\ c \atop e} \right)
     \left( {b\ c \atop d} \right)  \cr
   \left( {a\ b \atop c} \right) &\equiv
    {r(a) r(c) \over r(b)} + {r(b) r(c) \over r(a)} -
     {r(a) r(b) \over r(c)} \ .
  }}
 From the Einstein requirement $R_a{}^b = \Lambda \delta_a^b$ one now
derives equation (2.5) of \cite{romans}:
  \eqn{TwoFive}{
   {\Lambda \over \gamma^2} =
    4 a - 2 a^2 y^2 = 4 b - 2 b^2 x^2 = 2 a^2 y^2 + 2 b^2 x^2
  }
 where $x = p / \sqrt{p^2+q^2}$ and $y = q / \sqrt{p^2+q^2}$.  Note
that for given $x$ and $y$, the determination of $a$ and $b$ reduces
to solving a cubic.

To sum up the discussion at the beginning of this section, the ratio
of the central charge $c$ in the conformal field theory ``defined'' by
an Einstein manifold $M_5$ to the central charge $c_0 = N^2/4$ of
${\cal N} = 4$ super-Yang-Mills with gauge group $U(N)$ should be the
same as the ratio of $\mop{Vol} S^5$ to $\mop{Vol} M_5$ computed with respect to
Einstein metrics with the same cosmological constant.  Using \TwoFive\
and the fact that the unit $S^5$ has $\mop{Vol} S^5 = \pi^3$ and $\Lambda =
4$, one arrives at
  \eqn{cRatio}{
   {c \over c_0} = 2\sqrt{2} {a b (p^2 + q^2)^3 \over
     (q^2 a^2 + p^2 b^2)^{5/2}} \ .
  }
 The results for the three simplest examples are quoted in the following
table:
  \eqn{TableABC}{
   \begin{tabular}{|c||c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
    $T^{pq}  $&$ x $&$ y $&$ a $&$ b $&$ \gamma $&$ c/c_0 $ \\ \hline
    $T^{01}  $&$ 0 $&$ 1 $&$ 1 $&$ 1/2 $&$ \sqrt{2} $&$ \sqrt{2} $ \\
    $T^{11}  $&$ 1/\sqrt{2} $&$ 1/\sqrt{2} $&$ 4/3 $&$ 4/3 $&$
     3/\sqrt{8} $&$ 27/16 $ \\
    $T^{34}  $&$ 3/5 $&$ 4/5 $&$ 25/18 $&$ 25/27 $&$
     \tf{9}{5} \sqrt{\tf{2}{5}} $&$
     \tf{243}{25} \sqrt{\tf{2}{5}} $ \\ \hline
   \end{tabular}
  }
 The value listed for $\gamma$ is the one which makes $\Lambda = 4$.
This normalization will be useful in the next section.

The higher $T^{pq}$ have very complicated $a$ and $b$, and it does not
seem worth the space to quote their central charges; suffice it to say
that $c/c_0$ is typically an irrational involving irreducible square
and cube roots.  One can show using \TwoFive\ and \cRatio\ that $c/c_0
\geq O(\sqrt{pq})$ (a better bound may be possible).

\subsection{The anomaly coefficients in field theory}
\label{FTAnom}

In view of the construction \cite{kw} of the $T^{11}$ theory from a
relevant deformation of the ${\cal N}=2$ ${\bf Z}_2$ orbifold theory,
one would expect to be able to derive the central charge in \TableABC\
from a field theory analysis along the lines of \cite{afgj}.  This is
quite a nontrivial test of holography because it tests a
nonperturbative field theoretic effect involving an RG flow from a
simple UV theory to a IR theory which lies deep inside the conformal
window. (Because $N_f = 2N_c$ for each of the gauge groups separately,
the IR theory is not close to either edge of the conformal window
\cite{sei} $3N_c/2 \leq N_f \leq 3N_c$.  Perturbation theory in the
electric or magnetic representation, respectively, can be used if $N_f
= 3 N_c - \epsilon$ or $N_f = 3 N_c/2 + \epsilon$).  In an ${\cal
N}=1$ superconformal theory, the anomaly coefficients $a$ and $c$ can
be read off from anomalous three point functions $\partial_\mu \langle
T_{\alpha\beta} T_{\gamma\delta} R^\mu \rangle$ and $\partial_\mu
\langle R_\alpha R_\beta R^\mu \rangle$, where $R_\mu$ is the
$R$-current: the former is proportional to $a-c$, while the latter is
proportional to $5a-3c$.

The ultraviolet theory, in ${\cal N}=1$ language, has $2N_c^2$ vector
multiplets filling out the adjoints of the two $U(N_c)$ gauge groups,
plus $6N_c^2$ chiral multiplets filling out an adjoint for each gauge
group ($2N_c^2$) plus bifundamental matter ($4N_c^2$).  The
$R$-current descends from one of the ${\cal N}=4$ $SU(4)$
$R$-currents.  The $R$-charge of the $N_\lambda = 2N_c^2$ gluino
fields is $1$, whereas the $R$-charge of the $N_\chi = 6N_c^2$ quark
fields is $-1/3$.  There is no gravitational anomaly in $\langle T T R
\rangle$ because the $U(1)_R$ generator is traceless.  So
$a_{UV}-c_{UV}=0$.  For the $\partial_\mu \langle R_\alpha R_\beta
R^\mu \rangle$ anomaly, we use the position space analysis summarized
in \cite{afgj}: for a single Majorana spinor with axial current $J_\mu
= \tf{1}{2} \bar\psi \gamma_\mu \gamma^5 \psi$,\footnote{There is a
small typo in (4.10) of \cite{afgj} which is corrected in
\eno{JAnom}.}
  \eqn{JAnom}{
   {\partial \over \partial z^\mu}
    \langle J_\alpha(x) J_\beta(y) J^\mu(z) \rangle =
    -{1 \over 12\pi^2} \epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}
      {\partial \over \partial x^\gamma} {\partial \over \partial y^\delta}
      \delta^4(x-z) \delta^4(y-z) \equiv
      \tf{9}{16} {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta}(x,y,z) \ .
  }
 By counting $U(1)$ charges, one obtains
  \eqn{RAnom}{
   \partial_\mu \langle R_\alpha R_\beta R^\mu \rangle =
    (5a_{UV}-3c_{UV}) {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} =
    \tf{9}{16} \left( N_\lambda +
     \left(-\tf{1}{3}\right)^3 N_\chi \right) {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} =
    N_c^2 {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} \ .
  }
 So far, this has just verified the known result from free field
counting with \CCC\ that $a_{UV}=c_{UV}=N_c^2/2$.

The relevant deformation discussed in \cite{kw} gives a mass to the
chiral multiplets in the adjoints of the gauge groups, leaving behind
$4 N_c^2$ chiral multiplets with a quartic superpotential, plus $2
N_c^2$ vector multiplets as before.  The anomalous dimension of mass
operators of the form $\mop{tr} AB$ was found in the infrared \cite{kw}
from the exact beta function \cite{ShVOne,ShVTwo} to be $\gamma_{IR} =
-1/2$.  After the adjoint chirals have been made massive and
integrated out, the $R$-current which is the superpartner of the
stress-energy tensor is no longer conserved, in part due to internal
anomalies proportional to the beta function.  A non-anomalous $U(1)$
current \cite{ksv} is $S_\mu = R_\mu + \tf{1}{3} (\gamma_{IR} -
\gamma) K_\mu$, where $K_\mu$ is the Konishi current, which assigns
charge $1$ to quarks and $0$ to gluinos.\footnote{S.~P.~de Alwis has
shown \cite{deal} how one can define the current $S_\mu$ in the full
${\cal N}=2$ ${\bf Z_2}$ orbifold theory instead of first integrating
out the chiral adjoint fields, as we have done here.  \eno{SAnom} is
unchanged because the $S$-charge of the fermions in those chiral
adjoints is $0$ in the ultraviolet.}
 The external gauge and gravitational anomalies of $S_\mu$ are
independent of scale.  Since $S_\mu = R_\mu$ at the IR fixed point,
the strategy is to evaluate the external anomalies of $S_\mu$ at a
high scale where $\gamma \to 0$, and identify the answers as the IR
fixed point anomalies of $R_\mu$.  When $\gamma \to 0$, the
$S$-charges of the fermion fields which remain massless are $1$ for
the $N_\lambda = 2 N_c^2$ gluinos and $-1/2$ for the $N_\chi = 4
N_c^2$ quarks.  As before, there is no gravitational anomaly because
the $U(1)_S$ generator is traceless.  So $a_{IR}-c_{IR}=0$.  On the
other hand,
  \eqn{SAnom}{
   \partial_\mu \langle R_\alpha R_\beta R^\mu \rangle =
    (5a_{IR}-3c_{IR}) {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} =
    \tf{9}{16} \left( N_\lambda +
     \left(-\tf{1}{2}\right)^3 N_\chi \right) {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} =
    \tf{27}{32} N_c^2 {\cal A}_{\alpha\beta} \ .
  }
 Thus $a_{IR}/a_{UV} = c_{IR}/c_{UV} = 27/32$, exactly the ratio of
$\mop{Vol} S^5/{\bf Z}_2$ to $\mop{Vol} T^{11}$.  Of course, the agreement with
supergravity is only to leading order in large $N$.  A more careful
analysis of the field theory would have the $U(1)$ parts of the gauge
groups decoupling, changing $a$ and $c$ by a factor $1-O(1/N^2)$ which
is invisible in classical supergravity.

\section{The laplacian on $T^{pq}$}
\label{TpqLap}

To study the spectrum of chiral primaries in the $T^{pq}$ CFT (insofar
as we grant that the theory exists and is defined in the large $N$
limit by the supergravity), the first step is to find the spectrum of
the scalar laplacian on $T^{pq}$.  A convenient parametrization of
these coset spaces descends from Euler angles on $SU(2) \times SU(2)$.
Let's write a group element of $SU(2)$ as $g = e^{i \alpha J_z} e^{i
\beta J_y} e^{i \gamma J_z}$.  The standard unit sphere metric on
$SU(2)$ is, in these variables,
  \eqn{SUTwoMet}{
   ds^2 = \tf{1}{4} \left( d\alpha^2 + d\beta^2 + d\gamma^2 +
    2 \cos\beta \, d\alpha d\gamma \right) \ .
  }
 The angles are allowed to vary over the ranges
  \eqn{EulerRanges}{
   \alpha \in (0,2\pi) \quad
   \beta \in (0,\pi) \quad
   \gamma \in (0,4\pi) \ .
  }
 The reason that $\alpha$ is not allowed to range over $(0,4\pi)$ is
to avoid a double cover of $SU(2)$: $e^{2 \pi i J_z} = -1$.

 The convenience of Euler angles is that we can represent the coset
space $T^{pq}$ as the hypersurface $p \gamma_1 + q \gamma_2 = 0$ in
the Euler angle coordinatization
$(\alpha_1,\beta_1,\gamma_1,\alpha_2,\beta_2,\gamma_2)$ of $SU(2)
\times SU(2)$.  Writing $\gamma_1 = -q \alpha_3 / \sqrt{p^2+q^2}$,
$\gamma_2 = p \alpha_3 / \sqrt{p^2+q^2}$, and ordering our coordinates
for $T^{pq}$ as $(\beta_1,\beta_2,\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3)$, one
arrives at a metric whose inverse is
  \eqn{ExSqMet}{
   g^{ab} = 4 \gamma^2
   \pmatrix{ a & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \cr
             0 & b & 0 & 0 & 0 \cr
             0 & 0 & a \csc^2 \beta_1 & 0 & y a \cot \beta_1 \csc \beta_1 \cr
             0 & 0 & 0 & b \csc^2 \beta_2 & -x b \cot \beta_2 \csc \beta_2 \cr
             0 & 0 & y a \cot \beta_1 \csc \beta_1 &
              -x b \cot \beta_2 \csc \beta_2 &
              1 + y^2 a \cot^2 \beta_1 + x^2 b \cot^2 \beta_2}
  }
 after squashing.  One can now verify \VolAfter\ by integrating
$\sqrt{g} = \sqrt{\det g_{ab}} = ab\gamma^5 \sin\beta_1 \sin\beta_2$
over the allowed ranges for the variables:
  \eqn{VarRange}{
   \beta_1,\beta_2 \in (0,\pi) \qquad
   \alpha_1,\alpha_2 \in (0,2\pi) \qquad
   \alpha_3 \in \left( 0,4\pi/\sqrt{p^2+q^2} \right) \ .
  }

The laplacian has a fairly simple form:
  \eqn{LapEq}{\eqalign{
   \mathop{\mathchoice\sqr56\sqr56\sqr{3.75}4\sqr34}\nolimits \phi &= 4 \gamma^2 \Bigg[ a {1 \over \sin\beta_1}
     {\partial \over \partial \beta_1}
     \sin\beta_1 {\partial \over \partial \beta_1} +
     b {1 \over \sin\beta_2}
     {\partial \over \partial \beta_2}
     \sin\beta_2 {\partial \over \partial \beta_2}  \cr &\quad +
      a \csc^2 \beta_1 {\partial^2 \over \partial \alpha_1^2} +
      b \csc^2 \beta_2 {\partial^2 \over \partial \alpha_2^2}  \cr &\quad +
      2ya \cot\beta_1 \csc\beta_1
       {\partial^2 \over \partial\alpha_1 \partial\alpha_3} -
      2xb \cot\beta_2 \csc\beta_2
       {\partial^2 \over \partial\alpha_2 \partial\alpha_3}  \cr &\quad +
      (1 + y^2 a \cot^2 \beta_1 + x^2 b \cot^2 \beta_2)
       {\partial^2 \over \partial\alpha_3^2} \Bigg] \phi = -E \phi \ .
  }}
 Amusingly enough, this equation can be solved completely by
separation of variables even though $T^{pq}$ is not metrically a
product space: writing
  \eqn{SepAnsatz}{
   \phi = \phi_1(\beta_1) \phi_2(\beta_2)
    \exp\left( i \sum_{j=1}^3 m_j \alpha_j \right)
  }
 we arrive at
  \eqn{ESum}{
   E = 4 \gamma^2 (a E_1 + b E_2 + m_3^2)
  }
 where $E_1$ and $E_2$ are determined by the ordinary differential
equations
  \eqn{ODEi}{
   \left[ {1 \over \sin\beta_i} {\partial \over \partial \beta_i}
    \sin\beta_i {\partial \over \partial \beta_i} -
    \left( m_3 y_i \cot\beta_i + m_i \csc\beta_i \right)^2 \right]
    \phi_i = -E_i \phi_i
  }
 where $y_1 = y$ and $y_2 = -x$.  For $y_i = 0$ and $1$, we recognize
\ODEi\ as the differential equation that determines eigenvalues of the
laplacian on $S^2$ and $S^3$, respectively: in these cases one would
have $E_i = l(l+1)$ or $l(l+2)/4$.

The next step is to determine, given specified $\eta$ and $\chi$, the
values of $E$ for which
  \eqn{ODEarch}{
   \left[ {1 \over \sin\beta} {\partial \over \partial \beta}
    \sin\beta {\partial \over \partial \beta} -
    \left( \eta \cot\beta + \chi \csc\beta \right)^2 \right]
    \phi = -e \phi
  }
 admits a regular solution on the interval $\beta \in [0,\pi]$.
Introducing a new variable $z = \cos^2 {\beta \over 2}$, one can
reduce \ODEarch\ to a hypergeometric equation.  Solutions of the form
  \eqn{HyperForm}{
   \phi = z^F (1-z)^G F(A,B;C;z)
  }
 with suitable $A$, $B$, $C$, $F$, and $G$ are smooth in the interior
of the interval, and have a behavior at the endpoints which can be
determined using the formula \cite{GR}
  \eqn{HyperTrans}{\eqalign{
   &F(A,B;C;z) = {\Gamma(C) \Gamma(C-A-B) \over \Gamma(C-A) \Gamma(C-B)}
     F(A,B;A+B-C+1;1-z)  \cr &\qquad +
    (1-z)^{C-A-B} {\Gamma(C) \Gamma(A+B-C) \over \Gamma(A) \Gamma(B)}
     F(C-A,C-B;C-A-B+1;1-z) \ .
  }}
 In brief, the solutions are regular when they can be expressed in
terms of a hypergeometric function which is a polynomial.  This is so
when
  \def\mop{max}{\mop{max}}
  \eqn{MaxSum}{
   \tf{1}{2} - \sqrt{\tf{1}{4} + e + \eta^2} + \mop{max}\{|\eta|,|\chi|\}
    \in {\bf Z}^- \equiv \{0,-1,-2,-3,\ldots\} \ .
  }
 One can verify \MaxSum\ in four cases, taking $\eta+\chi$ and
$\eta-\chi$ positive or negative.  The eigenfunctions $\phi$ in fact
vanish at the endpoints except when $|\eta|=|\chi|$.  The case
$\eta=\chi=0$ leads to the Legendre polynomials.  Let us go through
the derivation of \MaxSum\ for the case $\eta-\chi \leq 0$ and
$\eta+\chi \geq 0$, and leave the other cases as an exercise for the
reader.  Choosing $F = -{\eta-\chi \over 2}$ and $G = {\eta+\chi \over
2}$, we are led to
  $$\displaylines{
   A = \tf{1}{2} + \chi - \sqrt{\tf{1}{4} + e + \eta^2} \qquad
   B = \tf{1}{2} + \chi + \sqrt{\tf{1}{4} + e + \eta^2} \cr
   C = 1 + \chi - \eta \ .
  }$$
 Regularity at $z=0$ is guaranteed by our choice of the sign on $F$.
Because of the choice of sign on $G$, regularity at $z=1$ depends on
having $A$ or $B$ vanish, so that the second term in \HyperTrans\ is
absent.  This occurs when $A \in {\bf Z}^-$ or $B \in {\bf Z}^-$.  The
latter is impossible because $\chi \geq |\eta|$; so we are left with
$A \in {\bf Z}^-$, which indeed reduces to \MaxSum.

Writing $l = k + \mop{max}\{|\eta|,|\chi|\}$ where $k \in {\bf Z}^+ \equiv
\{0,1,2,3,\ldots\}$, one finds the simple expression $e = l(l+1) -
\eta^2$.  Returning to \ESum, the final expression for the eigenvalues
of the laplacian on $T^{pq}$ is
  \eqn{EForm}{
   E = 4\gamma^2 \left[ a l_1 (l_1+1) + b l_2 (l_2+1) +
    m_3^2 (1-ay^2-bx^2) \right] \ .
  }
 In \EForm, $l_i = k_i + \mop{max}\{|m_3 y_i|,|m_i|\}$, $k_i \in {\bf
Z}^+$, $m_i \in {\bf Z} - m_3 y_i$, $m_3 \in {\sqrt{p^2+q^2} \over 2}
{\bf Z}$, and $i=1,2$.  The shift in the allowed values of $m_i$ is
necessary to ensure that \SepAnsatz\ is single valued.  Note that $m_3
y_i$ is always either integer or half-integer, and that $E$ is
completely specified by $m_3$ (essentially, the $U(1)$ charge) and the
spins $l_i$ under the two $SU(2)$'s.  The expression of \EForm\ as a
linear combination of the quadratic casimirs for the symmetry group
$SU(2) \times SU(2) \times U(1)$ is precisely the form expected for a
coset manifold.\footnote{Thanks to E.~Witten for a discussion on this
point.}

As in the case of $S^5$, the dimension of the scalar operator in the
conformal field theory to which a given mode of the dilaton $\phi$
couples is
  \eqn{DimEn}{
   \Delta = 2 + \sqrt{4 + E} \ ,
  }
 where now $\gamma$ must be chosen in \EForm\ so that $\Lambda = 4$.
In fact, these modes may be complexified by replacing $\phi$ by a
complex scalar $B$ which also includes the axion.  Comparing (2.33)
and (2.53) of \cite{KRvN}, one arrives at the conclusion that the
operators coupling to the modes of $h^\alpha_\alpha$ and
$a_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}$ (which can be mixed together in two
different ways) have dimensions
  \eqn{DimEnTwo}{
   \Delta = \left\{ \eqalign{ & -2 + \sqrt{4 + E}  \cr
                              &  6 + \sqrt{4 + E} \ .} \right.
  }
 These dimensions can be read off directly from the eigenvalues of
$\mathop{\mathchoice\sqr56\sqr56\sqr{3.75}4\sqr34}\nolimits$ because the relevant fields have a mode expansions purely in
terms of the scalar eigenfunctions on $T^{pq}$.  In \DimEn\ and
\DimEnTwo\ we have summarized the spectrum of operators which in
\cite{KRvN} corresponded to the first, third, and sixth Kaluza-Klein
towers of scalars.  To obtain the rest of the bosonic spectrum, one
must deal with the analogues of the vector, symmetric tensor, and
antisymmetric tensor spherical harmonics appearing in (2.20) of
\cite{KRvN}; for the fermionic spectrum, a study of the eigenfunctions
of the Dirac operator is also required.  We leave these more involved
studies for future work.

Inspection of the spectrum of dimensions on all the $T^{pq}$ reveals a
rather uninteresting sequence of numbers, mostly complicated
irrationals.  However, $T^{11}$ exhibits a fascinating feature which
finds its explanation in the superconformal algebra.  Operators of
algebraically protected dimension are typically those whose dimension
is the lowest possible given a certain $R$-charge, or else descendants
of such operators derived by a series of supersymmetry
transformations.  The $R$-symmetry in this context is the $U(1)$ part
of the isometry group of $T^{11}$, which acts by shifting $\alpha_3$.
The integer $R$-charge $k$ is related to $m_3$ by $m_3 = k/\sqrt{2}$.
Without loss of generality let us take $k \geq 0$.  Using \EForm,
\DimEn, and \DimEnTwo, one finds that the smallest possible value of
$\Delta$ is $\Delta = 3k/2$, and corresponds to a mode of
$h^\alpha_\alpha$ and $a_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}$ with $l_1 = l_2 =
k/2$ and $|m_1|,|m_2| \leq k/2$.  Thus we find a set of operators
filling out a $({\bf k+1},{\bf k+1})_k$ multiplet of $SU(2) \times
SU(2) \times U(1)$, where $({\bf d_1},{\bf d_2})_r$ indicates
$R$-charge $r$ and $SU(2)$ representations of dimensions $d_1$ and
$d_2$.  Indeed, $\Delta=3k/2$ saturates the algebraic bound on
$\Delta$ following from the superconformal algebra \cite{Sohnius}.
This part of the spectrum was anticipated on field theory grounds in
\cite{kw}, and it was argued there that the form of the operators
is $\mop{tr} (AB)^k$.  The related operators in the third and sixth towers
are descendants which presumably have the form $\mop{tr} F_1^2 (AB)^k + \mop{tr}
F_2^2 (BA)^k$ and $\mop{tr} F_1^4 (AB)^k + \mop{tr} F_2^4 (BA)^k$, where $F^4$
is the special Lorentz contraction $F_{\mu_1}{}^{\mu_2}
F_{\mu_2}{}^{\mu_3} F_{\mu_3}{}^{\mu_4} F_{\mu_4}{}^{\mu_1} -
\tf{1}{4} (F_{\mu_1}{}^{\mu_2}
F_{\mu_2}{}^{\mu_1})^2$.\footnote{Thanks to I.~Klebanov for a
discussion on this point.}

The supergravity predicts in addition a spectrum of operators with at
least one $SU(2)$ spin larger than the $R$-charge.  These operators
far outnumber the chiral primaries $\mop{tr} (AB)^k$: there are
$N_\chi(\Delta) \sim \tf{8}{81} \Delta^3$ such chiral primaries with
dimension less than $\Delta$, versus a number $N(\Delta) \sim
\tf{4}{405} \Delta^5$ of operators with larger $SU(2)$ spins, as
follows from Weyl's Law for the growth of eigenvalues of $\mathop{\mathchoice\sqr56\sqr56\sqr{3.75}4\sqr34}\nolimits\,$:
$N(\Delta) \sim {\mop{Vol} M_5 \over 60 \pi^3} \Delta^5$.  The dimensions
of these non-chiral operators are in general irrational (square roots
of integers).  However, there are special nonnegative integer values
of $n_1$ and $n_2$ such that for $l_1 = n_1+k/2$ and $l_2 = n_2+k/2$,
the dimensions of the operators in the $({\bf 2 l_1 + 1},{\bf 2 l_2 +
1})_k$ multiplet are again integer or half-integer:
  $E = \left[ 2(n_1+n_2+1) + \tf{3}{2} k \right]^2 - 4$, so
  $\Delta = 2(n_1+n_2+2) + \tf{3}{2} k$
 for relatives of the dilaton and
  $\Delta = 2(n_1+n_2) + \tf{3}{2} k$ or
  $2(n_1+n_2+4) + \tf{3}{2} k$
 for relatives of $h^\alpha_\alpha$ and $a_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}$.
The $n_i$ for which this occurs are solutions to the Diophantine
equation $n_1^2 + n_2^2 - 4 n_1 n_2 - n_1 - n_2 = 0$: that is,
consecutive terms in the sequence
$\{0,0,1,5,20,76,285,\ldots\}$.\footnote{Let us briefly indicate the
solution of the Diophantine equation.  Define
  $$
   f_{\pm}(n) = {1 + 4n \pm \sqrt{1 + 12 n + 12 n^2} \over 2} \ .
  $$
 By construction, any pair $(n_1,n_2) = (f_-(n),n)$ solves the
equation, and any solution must have this form up to interchange of
$n_1$ and $n_2$.  Also, $f_+^{(i)}(0)$ is always a nonnegative
integer, where the superscript denotes iterative application of $f+$.
To see that $(n_1,n_2) = (f_-(f_+^{(i)}(0)),f_+^{(i)}(0))$ where
$i=0,1,2,3,\ldots$ are the only solutions, note that $f_-(f_+(n)) = n$
for nonnegative $n$, and $f_+(f_-(n)) = n$ for positive $n$.
Furthermore, $f_-(n) \leq n$ for nonnegative integer $n$, with
equality iff $n = 0$; and $f_-(n)=0$ only for $n=0$ or $1$.  Starting
with any putative solution $(f_-(n),n)$, one can find successively
smaller solutions by repeated application of $f_-$ to $n$ until one
reaches $n=0$.  The properties of $f_\pm$ now guarantee that $n$ is a
member of the sequence $\{f_+^{(i)}(0)\}_{i=0}^\infty =
\{0,1,5,20,76,285,\ldots\}$.}

If these higher dimension operators are, in some exotic sense,
algebraic descendants of chiral primaries, then since the $SU(2)$
spins for given $R$-charge are larger than for the chiral primaries,
the relevant algebra must involve the $SU(2)$'s.  But, in contrast to
the $U(1)$ $R$-symmetry group, the $SU(2)$'s do not participate in the
usual ${\cal N}=1$ superconformal algebra.  Besides, the nilpotency of
supersymmetry generators implies that the dimension of a descendant
cannot be arbitrarily larger than the dimension of its chiral primary
parent.  So we do not see any reason why these peculiar series of
operators with integer or half-integer dimensions should be protected.

\section{Conclusions}
\label{Conclude}

It is an open question whether a quantum field theory constructed
holographically from compactified string theory must include a local
gauge invariance.  Supergravity, and by extension closed strings, see
only the gauge invariant observables.  One can argue that if the
compactification is supported by Ramond-Ramond charge, then it should
be realizable in string theory as a D-brane configuration, and gauge
invariance emerges from the dynamics of open strings attached to the
branes.  In light of this reasoning it would be interesting to find
singular six-manifolds to which the $T^{pq}$ spaces are related in the
same way $T^{11}$ is related to the conifold $z_1^2 + z_2^2 + z_3^2 +
z_4^2 = 0$ \cite{kw}.  An analysis of D-branes on such manifolds
should reveal a weak coupling gauge theory version of the conformal
field theories defined holographically in this paper.

Perhaps the most general statement that can be made about
supersymmetric theories constructed holographically from a product
space $AdS_5 \times M_5$ is that the $R$-current must be free of
gravitational anomalies: $\partial_\mu \langle T_{\alpha\beta}
T_{\gamma\delta} R^\mu \rangle = 0$.  This statement is nontrivial for
${\cal N} = 1$ and~$2$ supersymmetric theories, where the $R$-symmetry
is $U(1)$ or~$U(2)$; for ${\cal N}=4$ the $R$-symmetry group is
$SU(4)$, which is simple and hence automatically free of gravitational
anomalies.

The original correspondence \cite{JuanAdS97,gkPol,WitHolOne} between
$AdS_5 \times S^5$ and ${\cal N} = 4$ super-Yang Mills theory has been
questioned because so much of what it predicts is either
non-verifiable (for instance the coefficient on the $q\bar q$
potential \cite{jWilson,ReyYee}) or else largely a consequence of the
large supergroup apparent on both sides of the duality (for example
scaling dimensions of chiral operators).  Already, holography's
successes go beyond the constraints of symmetry in predicting Green's
functions \cite{MIT,lmrs} and in elucidating a geometric picture of
confinement \cite{WitHolTwo} and of baryons \cite{WitHolThree,go}.
Hopefully the example of D3-branes on conifolds, described for large
$N$ by the $T^{11}$ manifold, will serve as further evidence that
holography captures not only supergroup theory but gauge theory
dynamics.  The verification of $\gamma_{IR} = -1/2$ and $c_{IR}/c_{UV}
= 27/32$ seems particularly nontrivial, since both relations rely on
properties of the RG flow from the $S^5/{\bf Z}_2$ theory to the
$T^{11}$ theory.

\section*{Acknowledgements}

I would like to thank E.~Witten for correcting a crucial sign in
section~\ref{TpqVol} and for useful discussions on other points; and I
have benefitted from discussions from I.~Klebanov, N.~Seiberg, and
O.~Aharony.  This research was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY94-07194, by the Department of
Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-91ER40671, by the James S.~McDonnell
Foundation under Grant No. 91-48, and by the Hertz Foundation.

\newpage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Linum flagellare est une espèce de plantes herbacées de la famille des Linaceae. Elle a été découverte dans le nord du Mexique.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Linaceae


text:
Pennsylvania Politics
Josh Shapiro cabinet appointments: List of officials nominated in Pennsylvania
by: George Stockburger
(WHTM) — Pennsylvania Governor-elect Josh Shapiro formally nominated his cabinet with nominations sent to the State Senate.
Shapiro, who was sworn in on January 17, began announcing nominations earlier this month.
Governor Shapiro removes college requirement for majority of state jobs
Shapiro called for the Senate to "promptly and efficiently" review and vote on his nominees.
"I am proud to have nominated this supremely qualified cabinet — and I look forward to working alongside them to move our Commonwealth forward," said Governor Shapiro.
Here is an updated list of Governor-elect Shapiro's cabinet appointments, some of whom will face a vote in the legislature.
Laurel Harry – Secretary of Corrections
Dr. Laurel R. Harry was nominated to serve as Pennsylvania's first female Secretary of Corrections.
She served as the Acting Western Region Deputy Secretary since July 10, 2022, and has 24 years of Commonwealth experience in the Department of Corrections. She started her career with the PA Department of Corrections in 1999 as a Drug and Alcohol Treatment Specialist II at SCI-Waynesburg and worked at six institutions (SCIs Waynesburg, Fayette, Greene, Camp Hill, Greensburg, and Graterford). She was also recognized by the PA Prison Wardens Association as the 2019 Warden of the Year.
"I am proud to serve in Governor-Elect Shapiro's cabinet and I look forward to working with him to enhance public safety across the Commonwealth," said Dr. Harry
Randy Padfield – Director of the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency
PEMA Director Randy Padfield was nominated to continue leading Pennsylvania's emergency response agency. He previously served as the Deputy Director for Response at PEMA before being appointed to the role of Director of the agency in 2019.
"When Pennsylvanians need us most, PEMA and the Shapiro Administration will be there to support them – and we will vigorously plan and prepare to ensure we are ready for future emergencies and disasters. It is an honor to serve the people of Pennsylvania and I'm ready to work with Governor-Elect Shapiro to do this work," said Padfield
Major General Mark Schindler – Adjutant General of Pennsylvania
Major General Mark J. Schindler assumed duties as Adjutant General of Pennsylvania on December 5, 2020, and was confirmed by the Senate of Pennsylvania as the 54th Adjutant General of Pennsylvania on June 21, 2021. He served as Assistant Adjutant General, PA Army National Guard; Chief of Staff, PA National Guard; and served in a variety of command and staff positions within the Pennsylvania Army National Guard.
General Schindler oversees a combined state and federal budget of over $966 million and is responsible for the command and control of over 18,000 Army and Air National Guard members
Tom Cook – State Fire Commissioner
Acting Pennsylvania State Fire Commissioner Thomas Cook was nominated to serve as the State Fire Commissioner. Previously serving as Assistant Fire Commissioner, Cook was the Administrator of the Pennsylvania State Fire Academy and Assistant Fire Chief of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Fire, overseeing the day-to-day operations of a 700-person metropolitan fire department.
Cook has received awards as Fire Instructor of the Year, Fire Officer of the Year, Letters of Commendation, a Unit Citation, and the Red Cross Hero Medal.
Christopher Paris – State Police Commissioner
Major Christopher L. Paris enlisted in the Pennsylvania State Police in 1999 and served in Troop K, Skippack and Philadelphia, the Bureau of Training and Education, the Department Discipline Office, Troop R Dunmore and Blooming Grove, and Department Headquarters. He has served as a Station and Troop Commander, Area III Commander, and as the Deputy Commissioner of Administration and Professional Responsibility. He was promoted to Corporal in 2005, Sergeant in 2006, Lieutenant in 2010, Captain in 2015, Major in 2018, and Lieutenant Colonel in 2020.
"With over twenty years of experience in the Pennsylvania State Police, I know the sacrifices our officers make each and every day to protect Pennsylvanians – and I know they need support from the Governor's Administration to continue that work." said PSP Colonel Paris.
Michael Carroll – Secretary of Transportation
Former Democrat state Rep. Michael Carroll represented portions of northeastern Pennsylvania from 2007-22, including as Democratic chairman of the House Transportation Committee from 2018 – 2022.
"I am deeply honored that Governor-Elect Shapiro has entrusted me with the leadership over a department that affects the daily life of millions of Pennsylvanians and ensures we can travel across the Commonwealth safely," said former state Rep. Carroll.
Rick Siger – Secretary of Community and Economic Development
Siger currently serves as Chief of Staff and Senior Advisor to the President at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh. He previously served under President Barack Obama as Chief of Staff at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and Deputy Chief of Staff at the Department of Commerce.
"As Secretary in the Department of Community and Economic Development, I will work tirelessly to help our small businesses grow, foster innovation, and increase opportunities in forgotten communities across our Commonwealth," said Siger.
Sarah Hammer – Secretary of Banking and Securities
Sarah Hammer is the Managing Director of the Stevens Center for Innovation in Finance and Senior Fellow of the Harris Alternative Investments Program at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. She is also an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School teaching an upper-level Juris doctor course on financial regulation.
"It is an honor to serve the Governor-Elect as the Secretary of Banking and Securities," said Hammer.
Pat Browne – Secretary of Revenue
Former Republican state Sen. Pat Browne served from 2005-22 representing Bucks and Lehigh Counties. He was elected to serve as the State Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman and served in the state House of Representatives.
"I am humbled to have this opportunity to serve the Governor and the people of Pennsylvania, and to join an Administration that will work everyday to move our Commonwealth forward," said former state Sen. Pat Browne.
Dr. Val Arkoosh – Secretary of Human Services
Dr. Valerie A. Arkoosh was nominated to serve as Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services. A Democrat candidate for U.S. Senate in 2022, Dr. Arkoosh has served on the Montgomery County Board of Commissioners since 2015 and led the National Physicians Alliance.
"As a physician and public health advocate, I spent my career fighting for health care access and affordability for families, and I am deeply honored to be able to continue this fight alongside my friend, Governor-Elect Josh Shapiro," said Dr. Arkoosh.
Dr. Debra L. Bogen – Secretary of Health
Dr. Debra L. Bogen is the Director of the Allegheny County Health Department and has been nominated to serve as Pennsylvania's Secretary of Health.
Dr. Bogen was a Professor of Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Clinical and Translational Science at the University of Pittsburgh and served as Vice Chair of Education for the Department of Pediatrics at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh.
"The health and wellbeing of Pennsylvanians is critical to our success as a Commonwealth, and I am truly grateful for the opportunity to work with Governor-Elect Shapiro to serve the healthcare needs of people across Pennsylvania," said Dr. Bogen.
Dr. Latika Davis-Jones – Secretary of Drug and Alcohol Programs
Dr. Davis-Jones is currently the Senior Director of Behavioral Health at Highmark Wholecare and was nominated to serve as Secretary of Drug and Alcohol Programs. Previously she served as the Administrator for the Bureau of Drug and Alcohol Services at the Allegheny County Department of Human Services.
"I am humbled by the opportunity to serve the Governor-Elect as Secretary of Drug and Alcohol Programs," said Dr. Davis-Jones.
Jason Kavulich – Secretary of Aging
Jason Kavulich was nominated by Shapiro to serve as Secretary of Aging. He currently serves as the Lackawanna County Director of Agency on Aging and is a graduate of the University of Scranton.
"It is a privilege to serve the Governor-Elect and to work with the Shapiro Administration to advocate for the interests of all older Pennsylvanians as Secretary of Aging," said Kavulich
Mike Humphreys – Insurance Commissioner
Acting Insurance Commissioner Mike Humphreys has been nominated to continue serving as Insurance Commissioner. He was named acting commissioner in February 2022 and served in senior positions in the Insurance Department for over three years.
"I'm looking forward to continuing our work at Pennsylvania Insurance Department, and I'm honored Governor-Elect Shapiro has entrusted me with this role in his cabinet," Acting Insurance Commissioner Humphreys.
Russell Redding – Secretary of Agriculture
Pennsylvania Secretary of Agriculture Russell Redding was nominated by Governor-elect Shapiro to serve another term.
Redding has served as Pennsylvania's Agriculture Secretary since 2015 under Governors Wolf and Rendell. He previously served as an Ag Policy Advisor to U.S. Senator Harris Wofford and as Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture.
"Pennsylvania agriculture is a key part of our Commonwealth's economy and a pillar of so many of our communities – and I am honored by the opportunity to work with the Shapiro Administration to support our farmers and rural communities," said Redding.
Cindy Adams Dunn – Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources
Cindy Adams Dunn been nominated to continue serving as Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, a position she has held since 2015.
Prior to serving as Secretary, Dunn was the president and chief executive officer of PennFuture, a statewide environmental advocacy organization.
"It's the honor of a lifetime to continue to serve our Commonwealth and help lead the Shapiro-Davis Administration's efforts to conserve and sustain Pennsylvania's natural resources for present and future generations," said Dunn.
Rich Negrin – Secretary of Environmental Protection
Rich Negrin was nominated on January 10 to be Secretary of Environmental Protection.
Negrin, who if confirmed would be Pennsylvania's first Latino ever to be Secretary of Environmental Protection, most recently served as the Vice President of Regulatory Policy and Strategy and head of external affairs at Commonwealth Edison.
"I am humbled that Governor-Elect Shapiro has entrusted me with the great responsibility of leading this Administration's efforts to protect our Commonwealth's air, land, and water," said Negrin. "As Secretary of Environmental Protection, I will work diligently to bring people together and ensure the Department works efficiently and we effectively serve all Pennsylvanians in pursuit of a safer, healthier future."
Al Schmidt – Secretary of the Commonwealth
On Jan. 5, 2023, Governor-elect Shapiro announced his selection of Al Schmidt to serve as Secretary of the Commonwealth.
A former Republican Philadelphia City Commissioner and Vice Chairman of Philadelphia's Board of Elections, Schmidt was honored by President Joe Biden for his role in continuing Philadelphia's vote tallying during the 2020 Presidential Election.
Schmidt testified about his experiences during the 2020 election before the Jan. 6 committee in June 2022.
President Joe Biden awards the Presidential Citizens Medal, the nation's second-highest civilian honor, to Al Schmidt, former city commissioner of Philadelphia, during a ceremony to mark the second anniversary of the Jan. 6 assault on the Capitol in the East Room of the White House in Washington, Friday, Jan. 6, 2023. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)
"Al Schmidt has a proven track record of defending our democracy, protecting voting rights, and standing up to extremism – even in the face of grave threats – and I am proud to nominate him to be Pennsylvania's next Secretary of the Commonwealth," said Governor-Elect Josh Shapiro.
"I am humbled to have the opportunity to serve our Commonwealth in Governor-Elect Shapiro's Administration – and I am honored to have the chance to continue working to protect the integrity of our elections and strengthen our democracy," said Al Schmidt, nominee for Secretary of the Commonwealth.
Dr. Kalid Mumin – Secretary of Education
Dr. Khalid Mumin was nominated to serve as Pennsylvania's Secretary of Education.
Starting as a second grade teacher in Franklin County, Dr. Mumin served as Superintendent of Reading School District for seven years and later as Superintendent at Lower Marion School District in Montgomery County.
Dr. Mumin earned a Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership from the University of Pennsylvania, a Master of Education in Teaching & Curriculum from Pennsylvania State University, a Bachelor of Arts in Secondary English Education from Shippensburg University, and an Associate of Arts in English from Northeastern Christian Junior College.
"It is an honor to serve Governor-Elect Shapiro and the people of Pennsylvania as Secretary of Education and help him carry out his vision so every child in Pennsylvania — regardless of race, class, or zip code — receives a quality education and the opportunity to shape their own future," said Dr. Mumin.
Nancy Walker – Secretary of Labor and Industry
Nancy Walker, who served as Shapiro's first Chief Deputy Attorney General of the Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General's newly created Fair Labor Section, was nominated to serve as the Secretary of Labor and Industry.
A Fellow of The College of Labor and Employment Lawyers, Shapiro credits Walker's leadership with helping lead a successful criminal wage and benefit theft investigation that resulted in a $21 million plea deal.
"Pennsylvania workers drive our economy and power our Commonwealth – and I am honored that the Governor-Elect has entrusted me with this great responsibility to serve as Secretary of Labor and Industry," said Nancy Walker. "
Neil Weaver – Secretary of Administration
Acting Secretary of Pennsylvania's DCED Neil Weaver was nominated to serve as Secretary of Administration on Jan. 9.
The Office of Administration handles oversight and administration for human resources, IT, continuity of government, and records management for employees under the Governor's jurisdiction.
"I am humbled by the opportunity to serve the Governor-Elect and the people of Pennsylvania as Secretary of Administration," said Weaver.
Weaver previously served as Executive Deputy Secretary at the DCED and Director of Communications/Press Secretary for the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. He currently serves on the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education's Board of Governors where he serves as vice chair of the University Success Committee.
Uri Monson – Budget Secretary
Shapiro announced the appointment of Uri Monson as Budget Secretary on Dec. 6, 2022.
Monson served as Deputy Superintendent for Operations for the School District of Philadelphia and previously served as the district's Chief Financial Officer.
"It is my great honor to have this opportunity to serve the Governor and the people of Pennsylvania, and to join this incredible team at a moment of great opportunity in our Commonwealth," said Monson.
Dana Fritz – Chief of Staff
On Dec. 1, Shapiro named Lehigh County native Dana Fritz as his Chief of Staff.
"It is the honor of a lifetime to serve our Commonwealth as Governor-Elect Shapiro's Chief of Staff and help lead this Administration that will work every single day to deliver for all Pennsylvanians," said Dana Fritz. "I am humbled by this opportunity – and I look forward to building a hard-working, capable Administration that represents our Commonwealth as we work to grow an economy that works for all, ensure every child receives a quality education, and make communities across Pennsylvania safer."
On January 13 Governor-Elect Shapiro officially appointed Meaghan Abbott as Chief of Staff to the First Lady, Manuel Bonder as Press Secretary, Annie Newman as Director of Digital Strategy, Jacklin Rhoads as Director of Public Affairs and Marketing, Will Simons as Director of Communications, Lisa Swanson as Director of Research, and Amanda Warren as Director of External Affairs.
abc27 Evening Newsletter
Governor-elect Shapiro also announced the appointments of six Deputy Chiefs of Staff.
Joseph Lee, Deputy Chief of Staff for Administration and Opportunity
Lindsey Mauldin, Deputy Chief of Staff for Health and Human Services
Danielle Okai, Deputy Chief of Staff for Economic Development
Michael Pipe, Deputy Chief of Staff for Public Safety
Sam Robinson, Deputy Chief of Staff for Consumers and the Environment
Tori Shriver, Deputy Chief of Staff for Education and Workforce Development
Jennifer Selber was named General Counsel in the Office of the Governor and Larry Hailsham Jr. was named Executive Deputy Chief of Staff.

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Keep up to date with what's going on at LOBO
PRESS RELEASE – National Galleries of Scotland
LOBO REACHES NEW HEIGHTS AT THE NATIONAL GALLERIES OF SCOTLAND
A leading group of art galleries that look after one of the world's finest collections of western art has invested in a British invention that is designed to create a safe working environment when working at height.
With more than 65,000 pieces of artwork at the National Galleries of Scotland it is essential that every care is taken to ensure they remain in pristine condition. To achieve this the galleries have purchased a LOBO System to allow conservators to clean large scale paintings in situ effectively and also equip them with the flexibility to clean at different heights.
Alastair Patten, senior art handling technician for the National Galleries of Scotland, said: "Although we have our own in-house hydraulic genie, it is not always suitable for carrying out specific jobs. We needed a straight-forward piece of kit that is easy to put together, strong, stable and didn't take up much storage space, the LOBO System ticked all the right boxes.
" The LOBO System is an innovative work platform that can be configured to meet any access application from a space shuttle to a wall tapestry. It is put together without any tools and its unique, patented clamp provides a safe and secure working facility up to a maximum height of ten meters – making light work of cleaning at height. Personnel can reconfigure the system, adapting it from one project to another, with ease.
Since purchasing LOBO, employees at the National Galleries of Scotland have experienced firsthand the versatility of the system while building it on a staircase in a stately home to remove a painting for an exhibition.
The LOBO System also played a big part at the preparation stage for a large contemporary exhibition of Art in 2006. Turner Prize winner Douglas Gordon was exhibiting at the National Gallery of Scotland during the Edinburgh Festival and technicians needed to install around 200 -250 photographs on four walls, and each wall had to mirror-image the other wall "LOBO was the ideal solution, it provided a large working platform which was capable of having two fine-art technicians working safely on it, and in turn they were able to move from one wall to the other effortlessly, added Alastair.
The National Galleries of Scotland has also reported significant cost benefits from investing in the system. "In the past we've had to rely on scaffolders, which has been expensive, but since purchasing LOBO, we can carry-out virtually all of the tasks ourselves."
"The major problem with working with external scaffolding companies in a gallery/museum environment is that the equipment is usually dirty and dusty and that is not acceptable in our line of work, you cannot have pristine works of art with dust falling onto the frame or bare canvas, said Alastair "The LOBO System can also be loaded onto our fine-art vehicle, therefore reducing transport costs. Our spend on scaffolding has been significantly reduced." added Alastair.
The National Galleries of Scotland is just one of many satisfied customers.
Evidence from users on both sides of the Atlantic includes incredible cuts in scaffolding costs, reduced downtime whilst waiting for it to arrive and be erected and less reliance on outside contractors.
LOBO can be safely and securely erected with a minimum of training.
For further information on LOBO Systems visit www.lobosystems.com or telephone +44 (0) 1332 365666


Here are links to pages with pictures taken at the yearly CitroMobiel event in Utrecht (NL).
Here is a link to a page with some pictures taken at the 12th ICCCR in the USA.
A very original (even the paint is original !) DS19 from around May 1957, with chassis number 18026.


The very fine chap and author Paul Cornell, who has penned some excellent science fiction, scripts for numerous television shows (including some of the better episodes of the new Doctor Who) and a whole brace of comics, signing in the Edinburgh Forbidden Planet recently.
This entry was posted in books, Comics and tagged authors, books, Comics, Paul Cornell, photography, writers by Joe. Bookmark the permalink.


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BizTalk 2010 Developer is available
Posted: September 23, 2010 | Categories: AppFabric BizTalk Server 2010 Uncategorized
During European BizTalk Conference we were told BizTalk 2010 was going to be released before end of September and moment has come. It offers a developer edition, which can be downloaded. BizTalk Server 2010 Developer is a free edition of BizTalk Server that enables developers to build and test applications that run on BizTalk Server on both 32-bit and 64-bit platforms. BizTalk Server 2010 Developer includes all of the functionality of Enterprise Edition, but is licensed only for development, test, and demo use. Solutions from BizTalk Server 2010 Developer Edition can easily be packaged and deployed to a production environment that is configured with any other edition of BizTalk Server 2010.
Besides that BizTalk Server 2010 introduces a new feature "AppFabric Connect", which combines rich proven features of BizTalk Server and the flexible development experience of .NET to allow users to easily develop simple integration applications (See Installing the BizTalk Server 2010 AppFabric Connect feature). AppFabric Connect uses Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) activities to programmatically access BizTalk's LOB connectivity and data transformation capabilities. This enables users to easily create new composite applications using the WF model, which can be deployed, hosted, managed in Windows Server AppFabric.
You as developer can setup an environment using virtualization (VM-ware, VPC, Hyper-V or Virtual Box), Visual Studio 2010, BizTalk Server 2010 Developer, SQL Server 2008 Developer and Windows Server AppFabric. Not just that cause you could add Windows Azure SDK to it and you can start building all kinds of state of the art applications.
Technorati: biztalk server 2010 appfabric


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Discussed with Rajnath Singh future steps needed for working together more closely: US Defence Secy
WASHINGTON (PTI): US Defence Secretary Mark Esper today said he discussed future steps needed to be taken for India and US to work together more closely, during his conversation with Defence Minister Rajnath Singh.
Esper, who took office last month, had his first conversation with Singh over telephone on August 20.
"We had a very warm conversation. We talked about our mutual strategic interest and discussed some next steps by which we can work together more closely," Esper told reporters at the Pentagon.
However, he did not divulge any further details of the call.
Earlier, a spokesperson of the Defence Ministry in New Delhi had said that Esper appreciated the central government's position that the recent developments in Jammu and Kashmir are an internal matter of India and he hoped that any issue between India and Pakistan would be resolved bilaterally.
Singh had raised with Esper the issue of cross-border terrorism and appreciated the US support for India's effort to maintain peace and stability in the region, the spokesperson had said.
"They exchanged views on a range of issues related to military-to-military cooperation, defence policy, research and development, defence trade, technology and industrial cooperation," the official had said.
The two leaders are likely to meet in Washington DC later this year as part of the '2+2' India-US dialogue. They will be joined by External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo for the strategic talks.
India Rajnath Singh US Defence
Rajnath reviews preparations for Aero India; 731 exhibitors registered already
France wants to be partner in building national base for defence industries in India: French envoy Lenain
Indian Navy conducts 6-day mega exercise in Andhra Pradesh
CDS Anil Chauhan visits NCC's R-Day camp, says its contribution in inculcating discipline in youth exemplary
Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan visited the NCC Republic Day Camp and said its contribution in inculcating discipline and leadership among the youth is exemplary.


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Ivan Maklakov
This name uses Eastern Slavic naming customs; the patronymic is Romanovich and the family name is Maklakov.
Ivan Romanovich Maklakov (Russian: Иван Романович Маклаков; born 17 April 1998) is a Russian football player. He plays for FC Baltika Kaliningrad.
Ivan Romanovich Maklakov
Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia
Playing position
FC Baltika Kaliningrad
PFC CSKA Moscow 0 (0)
FC Zenit Saint Petersburg 0 (0)
→ FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg 8 (0)
Russia U15 2 (0)
Russia U16 11 (0)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 25 May 2019
Club careerEdit
He made his debut for the main PFC CSKA Moscow squad on 10 October 2018 in a Russian Cup game against FC Tyumen.[1]
In February 2019, he moved to FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg.[2] He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for Zenit-2 on 24 March 2019 in a game against FC Khimki.[3]
On 18 June 2019, he signed a 3-year contract with FC Baltika Kaliningrad.[4]
^ "Tyumen-CSKA game report" (in Russian). Russian Premier League. 10 October 2018.
^ "Zenit-2: Eight players join the blue-white-sky blues second side". FC Zenit Saint Petersburg. 24 February 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
^ "Khimki v Zenit-2 game report" (in Russian). Russian Football National League. 24 March 2019.
^ "ЗАЩИТНИК, ПОЛУЗАЩИТНИК, НАПАДАЮЩИЙ" [Defender, Midfielder, Forward] (in Russian). FC Baltika Kaliningrad. 18 June 2019.
Ivan Maklakov at Russian Premier League
This biographical article related to a Russian association football defender born in the 1990s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Maklakov&oldid=905208966"
Last edited on 7 July 2019, at 16:44


Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_SIZE.
Size is defined as the total number of buffer elements incorporated by the data type, or equivalently as the length of the displacement sequence. Unlike other language bindings, the size is not measured in bytes.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_EXTENT.
Returns the difference between upper and lower bound.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_LB.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_UB.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_COMMIT.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_FREE.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_SET_NAME.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_GET_NAME.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_CONTIGUOUS.
The base type of the new datatype is the same as the base type of oldtype.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_VECTOR.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_HVECTOR.
Unlike other language bindings, the value of stride is not measured in bytes.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_INDEXED.
The number of blocks is taken to be size of the array_of_blocklengths argument. The second argument, array_of_displacements, should be the same size. The base type of the new datatype is the same as the base type of oldtype.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_HINDEXED.
Unlike other language bindings, the values in array_of_displacements are not measured in bytes.
Java binding of the MPI operation MPI_TYPE_STRUCT.
The number of blocks is taken to be size of the array_of_blocklengths argument. The second and third arguments, array_of_displacements, and array_of_types, should be the same size. Unlike other language bindings, the values in array_of_displacements are not measured in bytes. All elements of array_of_types with definite base types must have the same base type: this will be the base type of new datatype.


The memorandum of understanding for the promotion of the Belt and Road Initiative project (the new Silk Road) signed by the two countries during the visit to Italy of the Chinese president Xi Jinping last March, turned the spotlights back on the commercial and cultural relations between Italy and China, offering a chance to remember that, as often happens, cinema and audiovisuals were the forerunners.
In fact Project China has been in existence for three years – entrusted to ANICA (Italian Association of Cinematographic Audiovisual and Multimedia Industries) by the MiBAC (Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities) and MiSE (Italian Ministry of Economic Development).
While referring you HERE for a brief note on the characteristics of the project, we can report the announced presence at Focus Italia during the Beijing Festival from April 16 to 20 of the MiBAC undersecretary for audiovisuals, Lucia Borgonzoni, who will lead the delegation of producers taking part in the co-production Forum organized with the China Film Co-production Corporation and will be launching the Leonardo celebrations in China.
On that occasion a framework agreement will be signed with the rich and emerging Province of Hainan to support the diffusion of Italian cinema in the region in movie theaters as well as through the organization of a Focus Italia at the next edition of the Hainan Festival in December.
I believe that the exchanges between the Italian audiovisual industry and the Chinese market, undoubtedly favored by the recent agreement between the two countries, should be placed within a broader context recently characterized by a strong move towards internationalization, with interventions targeted towards both the East and the West of the world.
This consideration is boosted by the announcements regarding the 4th Focus on China scheduled to be held at the next Venice Film Festival where, following an agreement signed with the MPAA, the meeting will be extended to the United States.
In the light of the reservations recently expressed by the US administration about the famous memorandum signed in Rome, this could lead us to think (and hope) that, once again, cinema will be ahead of its time.


As Northern states abolished slavery, most relaxed enforcement of the 1793 law, and many passed laws ensuring fugitive slaves a jury trial. Several Northern states even enacted measures prohibiting state officials from aiding in the capture of runaway slaves or from jailing the fugitives. This disregard of the first fugitive slave law enraged Southern states and led to the passage of a second fugitive slave law as part of the Compromise of 1850 between the North and South.
The second fugitive slave law called for the return of slaves "on pain of heavy penalty" but permitted a jury trial under the condition that fugitives be prohibited from testifying in their own defense. Notable fugitive slave trials, such as the Dred Scott case of 1857, stirred up public opinion on both sides of the Mason-Dixon Line. Meanwhile, fugitive slaves circumvented the law through the "Underground Railroad," which was a network of persons, primarily free African Americans, who helped fugitives escape to freedom in the Northern states or Canada.


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In 'Three Tall Women' and 'Yerma,' Stunning Portraits of Women on the Verge: REVIEW
March 29, 2018 by Naveen Kumar Leave a Comment
Two of the best productions in New York right now are knocking the wind out of audiences with vivid and bracing insights into the female psyche.
Edward Albee's 1994 Pulitzer winner Three Tall Women, which opened last night in its Broadway premiere, receives a magnificent revival from director Joe Mantello, featuring master class performances from screen legend Glenda Jackson, the incomparable Laurie Metcalf, and Alison Pill, as one woman looking back on life from her deathbed. Across town at Park Avenue Armory, London's Young Vic production of Yerma, a modern adaptation after Federico García Lorca, introduces American audiences to a virtuosic Billie Piper, as a woman gradually consumed by her struggle to conceive.
We meet Albee's three women in a tastefully lavish pre-war bedroom (designed by Miriam Buether) belonging to the eldest among them, as formidable as she is fragile at just north of 90, brilliantly played by Jackson. With the matter-of-fact wit and grit that is Metcalf's signature, in the play's first part she plays the woman's nurse and de facto sole companion. Pill is a young lawyer who's come to look in on the old woman's unpaid bills, clearly an outsider to the pat routine between caregiver and charge.
The play's pivot point, which Mantello finesses with a visual flourish, finds all three playing the elderly character (said to be modeled on Albee's adoptive mother) at different stages of her life, reflecting on her path and the choices she's made.
As a firebrand facing death, somewhat helplessly in the first part and with great circumspection in the second, Jackson delivers an intricate, razor-sharp performance that already feels like theatrical legend. Metcalf is in top form in both roles, punching every syllable with vigorous interior life. Nearly as headstrong but far more naive, Pill's younger characters are most often on the receiving end of hard-won wisdom, as the actress holds her own against two towering greats. The synergy among all three is a marvel, lifting Albee's meditation on the mortality to soaring heights.
The beginnings of life are the focus of writer-director Simon Stone's arresting and sensory-pounding Yerma, a deft modern update of Lorca's 1934 poetic drama. Billie Piper plays a successful London journalist (called simply 'Her' in the script) who's just moved into a new house with her not-quite-husband John (Brendan Cowell). ("Follow the lesbians," John says of gentrification.) She's just north of 30, and as they lie sprawled on their new floor swigging Veuve Clicquot, broaches the subject of kids for the first time. John makes a gallant show of stomping on her birth control pills as they agree to start trying.
Stone's production is set between panes of glass in what essentially looks like a terrarium meant for humans (scenic design is by Lizzie Clachan). Seated on either side, audiences observe from a sort of scientific remove — but the action behind the divide feels startlingly real. As days, months, and years pass in blackouts between scenes, her determination only grows more intense as her prospects of becoming pregnant grow increasingly remote. Meanwhile, her sister Mary's (Charlotte Randle) ambivalence toward parenthood only seems to make Mary more fertile, and their mother Helen (Maureen Beattie) is the furthest from maternal among them.
Tracing a spiral that turns on hopes and anguish faced by countless women, Piper's performance is a tour-de-force from blithe start to bitter end. The entire cast, like Stone's visually surprising production, is fine-tuned to optimize the story's jolting emotional impact, by drawing us in so close we could press our noses against the glass.
The spring arrival of these two visceral, thought-provoking productions focused squarely on the experiences of women feels like the season's first gusts of fresh air.
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Follow Naveen Kumar on Twitter: @Mr_NaveenKumar
(photos: stephanie berger, brigitte lacombe)
Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Edward Albee, Entertainment, Joe Mantello, Laurie Metcalf, Naveen Kumar, New York, Review, theater, Theatre, Theatre Review
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Seven Seas CRUISE SHIP Voyager 2021 - RSSC
Worlds of Wonder
Dubai - Auckland
December 19 2021 February 7 2021 - 50 Nights
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Mythbusting around the offshore development team.
Managing any software development project is a challenge, ensuring the delivery of a quality end product that reflects the standards of your business, requires a well-structured multi-faceted approach. An offshore development team is viewed by many as a cheap alternative in software development that only adds to the challenges of the project. Considering the advancements in communications tools in recent years and the onset of the information age, is this really a true reflection of an offshore development team today?
Myth #1 – There are too many distant communication barriers.
With the technology available today, there is simply no excuse for poor communication, if it is an issue it is a reflection of the vendor, client or both parties. Clear communication channels that make sense for everyone should be established at the outset of your project.
It is not possible to offer a generalized answer about what these should be, as the needs of each project are different and require varying degrees of communication. How much back and forth does the project need? Is the offshore team an extension of your IT team or are they working on something entirely separate from your in-house activities?
There is an abundance of communication tools being widely used by professional vendors that can cultivate respect, ideas sharing and understanding between distributed teams. From video calls and instant messaging software to integration tools for task management and code repositories. It is up to the parties involved to establish a system that satisfies their own set of needs, the tools are available.
Many vendors in offshoring hotspots have teams of talented developers that are fluent in English and are supported by an international managerial team. Daily planning, sprint reviews, and retrospective meetings are all part and parcel of the development process, there is no reason why all this cannot be implemented with your offshore team.
Myth #2 – It is a sacrifice of product quality.
If clear and open communication channels have been established, it is the client that sets the standards that they expect. If the project is using Agile development, it is a transparent approach with measurable milestones every step of the way, stakeholders can be as closely involved in the process as they desire. This extends to the hiring process for a new team that is being custom built for the project, clients can oversee the selection criteria and conduct their own interviews via Skype. The closer the collaboration, the closer the final product will be to the customer's expectations.
An easy way to gain an idea of a vendor's competency is by looking at its track record with previous clients. Were they satisfied? What was the lifecycle of the software produced? Are they a company similar to or greater in size and stature to your own? These records should speak for themselves, if something seems like a cheap, quick, shoddy option, it probably is. But the right offshore partners can provide an opportunity to build an entire dedicated software development team to your project. The cost of such a custom-built team may be prohibitive onshore.
If you treat your remote team as a lesser entity that is only up to the job for trivial tasks, that is all you will get in return. By being involved in the recruitment process and establishing the standards for the project, clients can gain an understanding of who their remote team is and what creativity and experience they are bringing with them. A well-organized vendor will be adept at helping manage offshore development team members and onboarding them into a cohesive unit.
Myth #3 – It is a shortcut and not a sustainable relationship.
The job of an offshore software development team does not end at the launch of the product, it often requires the ongoing maintenance and updating of the software. By reframing your relationship with your vendor as a partnership rather than simply a one-off service contract, a greater understanding can be developed between the parties involved. Given time, the vendors can attain a deep understanding of the technology and your business needs and have this reflected in the culture of your standing team, regardless if there are personnel changes during the project's life-cycle.
By sharing ownership and responsibility of the project, you are motivating and challenging the remote team. Their future success is tied to your own. The offshore development team will need clear requirements and team priorities set in order to deliver technology that fulfills the project's aim. When a business is looking for a software development company, it is crucial to find one that they can collaborate with long-term and has the soft skills for managing offshore development team members, while also liaising effectively with the client themselves.
Get started with your own offshore development team today!
We have looked at a few common myths perpetuated about offshore development teams and how the relationship should work in the reality of today's world. The fact remains that there are risks with remote teams that cannot be ignored, but the biggest risk seems to be choosing the wrong vendor, one that is ill-equipped to handle your project or one that is un-invested in its sustainability for the longer term.
Identify what you want and need from your offshore software development team and make a checklist to assess each potential software house you consider. What is their infrastructure like? What methodology do they favor? What is their attitude and approach to communication? Does their ethos reflect your own company's? Where does their expertise lie?
In order to get the most out of your remote team, make sure you know exactly what it is that you want from them and assess if the vendor you are dealing with is fit for purpose. To find out more about custom built offshore software development teams or what a long term offshore partnership can do for your business, contact fram^ today for a free consultation.


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Album Review: Black Bambi – Black Bambi
Posted on February 17, 2018 by Geoff Wilbur
photo courtesy of Head First Entertainment
Album Review of Black Bambi: Black Bambi (20th Century Music)
There's so much good, throwback-styled, '80s melodic hard rock out there these days, and this self-titled disc from Black Bambi ranks among the best of this past year's batch. Or, at least, it would. But it was recorded nearly 30 years ago, scheduled for a 1990 release before all-too-common record-company issues landed it on the sideline. Punch, pop, big vocals, power guitars, and monster hooks. It's a fun, well-crafted adrenaline rush from a cadre of talented compadres. I don't typically review re-issues – though others who write for me sometimes choose to – but as with every rule, this one is made to be broken, and is it really a reissue if it was never released in the first place? I'd've probably given this release five stars if I had reviewed it back in 1990, when I was wordsmithing for hard rock and heavy metal magazine Tough Tracks. (Our star rankings went up to five, didn't they, Lisa?) This many years later, I'm equally impressed, and with the resurgence in recordings of melodic hard rock (also referred to by the term "hair metal," which I dismiss because it doesn't describe the music) from bands and musicians active in its heyday as well as young, new artists, this seems like an ideal time to release – and to review – Black Bambi's newly released old recording. (Technically, this album was also released in 2001, so this really a second release, but I missed the 2001 version, so it's new to me and, in all probability, to you, too.)
image courtesy of Head First Entertainment
I'd place the band on the heaviness scale around where Tyketto was back in that band's heyday but not as heavy as Tyketto is now or as L.A. Guns typically is. Perhaps a bit crunchier than bands like Sweet F.A. were back in the early '90s, though.
"Mary's Birthday" kicks things off strong, showing the guitars and drums, riffing a little, then delivering in memorably catchy melodic hard rock fashion, plowing somewhat straight ahead but with a little Extreme-reminiscent funk and lightly-instrumented bridges. This is a great selection for a first track, kicking the album off strong.
It's followed by another of my favorite tracks, "In the Meantime," pulsing guitars and drums joined by a thin Skid Row-esque '80s vocal line as the song plods forcefully forward, providing ample contrasting backdrop to the song's harmonious bridges and guitar solo noodling.
"Crucified" adds a little blues wail to the mix, spicing things up without obscuring the song's '80s hair metal roots. "Seven Miles to Rome" stands out for its heavy, plodding power; it's a force of nature that grows on the listener more with each playing, sparsely-instrumented – almost the exact opposite of wall-of-sound – emphasizing the tune's heavy axework.
"Down" is a pulsing rocker that blends a street cred-building heaviness with Ratt-like vocals and a hypnotically catchy repeating rhythm; "The Celebration" follows that with a little funky vibe driving its hooky hard rock rhythm and wails.
My favorite song on the disc is probably "99 1/2," whose verses recalled Quiet Riot's "Metal Health" a bit the first few times I listened to it, but by now I have trouble hearing anything in it but Black Bambi.
In all, this is a terrific throwback disc. It's a shame it wasn't released when it was recorded – an all-too-frequent tale of music careers getting delayed and derailed by record label politics – but for those of us who loved that musical era, Black Bambi's eponymous album is a welcome gift, a new discovery via an unearthed time capsule.
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