Puglia's cuisine is a simple but exceedingly tasty expression of the local culture. The region is still largely agricultural and many people still grow their own vegetables, tend their own olive groves and even, in some small villages, make their own bread at communal wood-fired ovens. Puglia produces around 40% of Italy's olive oil, lays claim to dozens of local cheeses and cured meats and, thanks to its 800km of coastline, boasts some of the best seafood anywhere in Italy. All of which means, that Puglia is an excellent destination for anyone interested in cooking, eating and generally immersing themselves in a regional food culture.
There can be few better bases from which to do this than at Trullo Rosmarino and its sister villas, Terrarossa and Fichimori. Immersed in the heart of the Valle d'Itria, they each come with fabulous kitchens and herb, fruit and vegetable gardens where guests can pick their own produce as it comes into season..
If you're curious to find out about how Puglians combine their wonderful fresh ingredients, we can arrange for a local signora to come to the villa to impart the real essence of traditional cooking to you*. In a few hours, she will immerse you in a hands-on cooking fest during which you will learn how to make some of the region's signature dishes, including home-made orecchiette pasta with tomato sauce, stuffed aubergines and courgettes and a dessert such as pasticciotti (little pastries filled with custard or black cherries). If your own personal orecchiette don't quite come off (though we are confident you'll master how to make them!), don't worry, as your cook will have made a batch beforehand. After all your hard work, you will of course feast on the fruits of your labours, washed down, perhaps, by a glass or two of local Negroamaro, Primitivo or Locorotondo DOC wine.
The immediate area around Trullo Rosmarino, Terrarossa and Fichimori is home to numerous small artisanal olive presses, cheesemakers and wineries where you can take tours and sample products. Also close by is the National Association for Biodiversity, 10 hectares of land dedicated to the cultivation and safeguarding of rare, traditional varieties of fruit and vegetables. A children's centre allows the youngest in your group to learn more and you can, of course, taste and buy ingredients for your meals at your villa.
If all that weren't enough, any visit to Puglia in September would be incomplete if you didn't go to one of the numerous sagre – food festivals. Each year, numerous towns and villages pay homage to their traditional dish or a particular ingredient grown locally by spilling into the streets and cooking up huge vats of tasty food for everyone to share, visitors included. All this is usually accompanied by music, dancing and fireworks until late into the night.
*Cookery experiences at Trullo Rosmarino, Terrarossa and Fichimori take place with a local lady and last for around 3 - 4 hours. The cost is €50 per person (for minimum 2 participants, maximum 6) plus the cost of ingredients. An interpreter may also be booked at a small extra cost. For more information, please contact info@thethinkingtraveller.com.


Below you will able to find elevation of major cities/towns/villages in Shamal Kurdufan,Sudan along with their elevation maps.
The Elevation Maps of the locations in Shamal Kurdufan,Sudan are generated using NASA's SRTM data.
These maps also provide topograhical and contour idea in Shamal Kurdufan,Sudan. The elevation of the places in Shamal Kurdufan,Sudan is also provided on the maps.


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Methane. A powerful greenhouse gas; human activities pump it out like crazy. By now educated readers are aware of the problem of methane from production of cattle and other ruminants, which worldwide accounts for 28% of methane production (EPA). Last year, I wrote a post on paddy fields in a globalized world and learned that rice paddy fields, 90% of which are in Asia, account for roughly 20% of global methane production according to most sources, though there is much variability in the estimates. They are also known to be major producers of another greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide.
The connection between human activities and a warming world, robustly-established in the climate sciences, is important because by 2050 the world will be feeding 9 billion people, meaning that rice production and its associated methane production will likely have to increase.
In Taiwan rice is generally planted twice a year. The vast majority of methane emissions take place during the second planting (here, here). Because in every country cropping practices are different, local factors affect methane output from rice farming. This paper on the methane emissions in all 15 of Taiwan's irrigation districts observes:
The amount of methane emitted in the second crop season was 7– 16 times that emitted during the first crop season. If the reduction in planted acreage proposed (12%) is during the second crop season, this will reduce the amount of methane emitted by 21% annually.
Additionally, the rice straw following the first crop harvest is ground into the soil before the rice is planted in the second crop season. The addition of ground rice straw to the soil significantly increases the rate of emission of methane in the hot and humid summer. Removing the rice straw from the soil greatly reduces the rate of emission of methane.
The authors recommend that rice straw be removed from fields prior to the second planting to reduce methane emissions. The paper dates from 2003, when Taiwan had just entered the WTO and the government had taken thousands of hectares of rice fields out of production to comply with agreements to import rice. This ironically reduced methane emissions. The paper observes that in Taiwan temperature is the major determinant of rice field methane output; it is highest in Pingtung fields and lowest in Nantou.
Another factor in rice field methane output is water and water depth. In China methane emissions fell 40% when water-saving practices were implemented that drained fields of their water three times annually instead of keeping them continually flooded. In Taiwan the effects are similar though not so dramatic. This is because when the fields are flooded, soil bacteria shift to anaerobic fermentation of organic material in the field, which creates methane. Upland rice fields, which are not flooded, produce negligible amounts of methane. Recall, however, that as my post on paddy fields noted, flooding rice fields recharges underground water sources.
Another methane reducer in Asia was the shift to artificial fertilizer and away from animal and organic waste. Differences in fertilizer type also affect methane production. Nitrogen-rich fertilizers result in much higher methane emissions, in one 2003 study in Taiwan large reductions were found if non-nitrogen fertilizers were used (another study of methane and nitrous oxides emissions from Taiwan).
Because every region has its own special methods and practices for producing rice, there is no global fix for the problem of methane production from rice fields. But it is surely something humanity will have to consider in the coming decades.
REF: Want to reduce weeds, snails and methane in rice paddies? Try ducks!
Travelscope Introduces Taiwan's Tea and Aboriginal Cultures.
American surfers hit Taiwan
AsiaEye under the radar news
Ag losses from rain to top NT$500 million; expect higher food prices in local markets.
Five day boycott by DPP blocks vote on ractobeef. The KMT has been calling for an executive order. Note that the Ma Administration could have ended this impasse by executive order. That Ma has not suggests that he wants to use the legislature as a fig leaf for permitting ractobeef into Taiwan ("Look, the legislature decided to let beef in, my hands are tied") or as an excuse for not letting it into Taiwan. Either way, the Administration shifts the blame for the decision onto someone else. The really terrifying thing is that Taiwan's voters will return this legislature in the next election even if it votes to let in beef laced with cyanide.
Labels: agriculture, climate, global warming, rice
鴨禾米 is a Taiwanese rice that uses the duck method. 公視 did a story on its growers not long ago. Google it for more info.
Even better than avoidance would be if we could trap the Methane and burn it to generate electricity.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Agarzinsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Chernushinsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Geography
Agarzinsky is located 40 km east of Chernushka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Agarzya is the nearest rural locality.

References

Rural localities in Chernushinsky District

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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A visit to B.F. Clyde's Cider Mill has become a beloved tradition for many families
by: Sarah Cody
Posted: Oct 9, 2019 / 06:39 AM EDT / Updated: Oct 9, 2019 / 09:38 PM EDT
MYSTIC, Conn. (WTNH) – Here, the cider house rules.
"We are the last original steam-powered mill in the United States," explains Amy Miner.
Folks taste history and see an authentic, autumn ritual like none other. "I like the donuts and also the cider," says 9-year-old Colleen Kelley.
"My great-great-grandfather started the business in 1881," says Miner, noting that six generations are involved with B.F. Clyde's Cider Mill. The action begins with the apple.
"There's a conveyer belt that brings them up and drops them into red box at top," says Miner, explaining that the fruit is then washed and dropped into a grinder before it changes shape. "It comes down, looks like a thick apple sauce. That's when they fold it up and layer it. We turn the presser on and squish it out."
"I think it's really cool – because the steam – how it's steam-powered," says 11-year-old Shane Kelley. Like many visitors, his family heads to the mill every year. "We love it," says mom Erika of New Jersey. "It's been able to show them how it was done back then and how it's still done today."
"It's nice to see the locals coming back over and over again," says Miner. "People I grew up with are now bringing their kids and their grandkids in. So, it's nice to see."
The nearby store sports all sorts of seasonal treats. "We have apple cider, hard cider, apple wine, pies, pastries, donuts, of course, the donuts," says Miner.
So, step back in time. Enjoy a tradition together and sample a slice of fall's colorful treasures. "Everything is so rushed nowadays," says Miner. "Nobody takes time to sit down and relax and take it easy. We hope to bring a little bit of that to people."
The mill is open every day – except Thanksgiving – through early December, So, come see the demonstrations for yourself. It really is a unique fall treat.
More Connecticut Families Stories
Parenting Beyond the Headlines #30: Talking about phone bans in schools
by Sarah Cody / Jan 17, 2020
A Connecticut Families Extra: News 8's Sarah Cody and author Amy Alamar are hosting a podcast called Parenting Beyond the Headlines.
In this installment, they talk to Dr. Jodi Gold about the growing trend of schools banning phones in schools. After a flurry of adding technology to classrooms, some teachers are dialing it back. Gold also talks about controlling screen time at home.
Connecticut Families Extra: Race, class, and kids' conversations
America is more diverse now than at any other time in our country's history, yet conversations about race may be among the most difficult to have with children.
11-year-old Rory Breaker and his little brother Auggie live in a multicultural neighborhood in New York City. When you ask about his family, Rory says he acts most like his mom, Kate, a theater director.
Preston the dog warms hearts while helping young adults with disabilities learn life skills
NEW HAVEN, Conn. (WTNH) -- "Preston is a 3-year-old Labrador golden retriever cross, he's a facility dog here," explains handler Danielle Drazen, referring to a one-of-a-kind addition to Chapel Haven Schleifer Center.
The dog opens doors, prompts a reaction and lends a hand with his mouth. "He's a service dog, so he's been trained to pick things up when we drop them and I love to pat him," says 23-year-old Arianna Peyton, a resident at the non-profit helping adults with disabilities live independent lives.


The City of Clayton will soon host a lunch extravaganza to celebrate the kickoff of the 2018-19 season of hometown heroes, the St. Louis Cardinals.
On April 3, the Clayton Chamber of Commerce will host a free hot dog and hamburger lunch event for anyone who wants to show their redbird pride.
Much like the previous event hosted for the start of the St. Louis Blues' season, the event will be hosted near the Clayton Fire Department from 11:30 to 1:30 p.m.
There will also be a special appearances by former St. Louis Cardinals player Brad Thompson and even the Cardinals' mascot Fredbird is rumored to make a cameo.
In addition, the lunch event will feature live music by DJ Micro, a photo-booth with baseball props and hundreds of giveaways.


For over twenty years I have been working at the cross section of cutting-edge technologies and human behaviour to design meaningful and impactful experiences, services and communication campaigns that help brands and organisations connect with their customers and create long-lasting relations and communities.
Achieved 3x votes share for he Liberal Democrats in London's Kensington & Chelsea borough utilising advanced audience segmentation and precision targeting to achieve the results at a highly restricted election budget.
A fin-tech platform aiming to disrupt the bridge lending market. We are pushing the limits of technology to reinvent the whole market: Conversational UI, AI with human oversight, VR portfolio visualisation.
Prototyped a philanthropic matching platform expanding the collaboration opportunities for players in the philanthropic world and matching donors with charities.
Designed the brand, user experience and marketing initiatives of a multi faceted project to sustainably raise funds for disaster reconstruction involving a micro donations platform and experiential iconic rickshaws campaign.
Founded the first early adopters network. A project aiming to solve the problem of accessing all the latest tech for passionate consumers.
Member of the founding team of an initiative to help find a sustainable business model for the disappearing local press.
As part of my day-to-day work I closely follow developments in key technologies that will change the human experience and change key behaviours and industries in the future.
The proliferation of connected devices in our environment is opening a world of opportunities for a reactive ambient environment. Currently the industry is still trying to figure out the most lasting use cases. It is a wild west and the winners are still to emerge.
The fundamental shift of technologies facilitated by NLP and AI is now making possible the user interaction with any system to go to the most native communication form - language. We see a massive amount of trails and failures but a few notable successes already define the direction this evolution will take.
AI/Deep Learning is automating a powerful human skill of pattern recognition. It's power is in skipping the complex teaching phase of expert systems by allowing auto-teaching with data sets. While the benefits are obvious the pitfalls of "wrong lessons learned" are what is causing the failure of many such implementations. The challenge of a successful AI strategy is in creating a safe handover and oversight strategy between human and machine. All other approaches are highly risky and even irresponsible.
AR/VR is a much hyped technology that many industries are pinning their hopes for the future on. Fundamentally it is still a solution in search of a problem but a few niche use cases that heavily exploit the capabilities of the technology are showing us the way. The fundamental benefit of the technology is that it augments the native power of pattern recognition of the human brain now in 3 dimensions, thus delivering a leaping change data processing capability.


Over the past few years, Minecraft packs have made a lot of progress. One notable progress is a natural resource pack by developer Laacis2. In the beginning, minecraft packs used to be of low-resolution and relatively straightforward. This made alteration to the game in some minor ways that resulted in players having a better experience. As time passed, the packs also progressed and therefore, we started seeing revolutionary packs that had very high resolutions being developed i.e., x512 or x256. A revolutionary pack is the Laacis2's Natural Pack. The Laacis2's natural pack has made Minecraft look really phenomenal with its resolution of x2048, x1024 and x512. Developer Laacis2 says that a simple photograph was what inspired him to come up with the Laacis2's Natural resource pack.
He always wanted to make maximum utilization of images that he had taken for him to make a stunning Minecraft resource pack. He definitely managed to do that through this great pack. You only need to put it and it will make the game look very sharp. Although some textures may be incomplete right now, with future updates, they'll be patched in. It's worth noting to get the fullest out of the Laacis2's Natural resource pack you must have a huge PC to run it due to its insanely high resolution. In case you have a very high quality machine readily available at your disposal, feel free to go for the x2048 variant. However, in case you're having a computer of a mid-high tier, consider going for the x1024 or x512 variant. All of these variants are very capable of taking Minecraft to a different and new level by elevating how it looks.
*Credit for creating and developing Laacis2's Natural goes to laacis2. It is designed and compatible with the following minecraft versions: 1.13, 1.12, 1.11. Right now Laacis2's Natural has 899983 views.


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For many new moms, postpartum life presents unexpected challenges and obstacles. Curve model Amanda Tice experienced all the joys and struggles of postpartum after giving birth to her son. "I remember walking George around the block and being on the verge of tears," says Tice. "Why didn't anyone tell me that motherhood was going to be so difficult?" After struggling to find transparent resources that addressed her concerns and seeking to help others in their journeys, Tice began jotting down her experiences and creating action-oriented prompts to share with other moms, which ultimately led to her writing The New Mom Code: Shatter Expectations and Crush It at Motherhood. Keep reading our Q&A with Amanda below where we chat about her book, postpartum self-care, and how she embraced the new-mom transformation.
Hi, Amanda! We're so excited to chat with you today. How has the launch of your book The New Mom Code been going so far?
Thanks for having me! So far, so good! I'm just about to host my book launch event in Austin, Texas that is powered by local mom-owned businesses. It's amazing to see so many moms coming together to support the importance of postpartum self-care. Additionally, I've also really enjoyed the experience of doing podcast interviews and getting to spread my message on a larger scale.
Photo courtesy of Amanda Tice
You've mentioned all the books you found after becoming a mom talked about "parenting" but not necessarily "motherhood". What about your own motherhood journey inspired you to write The New Mom Code? Was there one particular "a-ha!" moment, or was it a gradual buildup?
As a new mother, I felt so alone during the first few months postpartum. I felt it was my responsibility to step up, speak out, and do my best to normalize the discussion of certain "taboo" topics surrounding motherhood, like postpartum sex, for example. When George was about 18 months old, I started writing and reflecting on my experiences and once I really felt I had a handle on how I could combat some of the obstacles that mothers face, I began creating and "test driving" journal prompts and exercises to overcome specific challenges related to motherhood. You'll find the most effective ones in The New Mom Code.
In addition to your own personal anecdotes and tips, The New Mom Code contains actionable exercises and journal prompts for new moms. Why were these important for you to include in the book?
I feel they are an important catalyst for change. Without reflecting on your experiences and searching for clarity within yourself, it's very difficult to embrace transformation. Journaling can be extremely powerful in that regard because it has the capacity to uncover your subconscious thoughts and bring them into focus. I also feel that a lot of things are easier said or read than done, so creating fun and easy exercises to practice new ways of thinking or behaving are an integral part of transformation as well.
If nothing else, what's one thing you hope other moms take away from reading your book?
I think a few of the most important takeaways from The New Mom Code should be for moms to prioritize self-care, realize that a lot of what they're experiencing is totally normal and should be openly discussed, and to empower them to continue to chase their dreams and passions when the time is right.
Photo courtesy of Amanda Tice
What are your favorite ways to incorporate self-care into your routine?
I've found that both journaling and meditating are imperative to my mental health and well-being. I do my best to take 10-15 minutes during the day to listen to Glenn Harrold (who has an entire series of meditation tapes) and which George enjoys too, and an additional 10 minutes before bed to journal about whatever I'm feeling that day. Both practices help to ground me throughout the day and I highly recommend them.
Aside from all the outside pressures of new mom-hood and having to care for your son, what was one thing about your postpartum journey that surprised you most?
I think the biggest postpartum surprise for me was just how much love I felt for my son and how that love also translated into intense fear. Fear of something happening to him, fear of something happening to me, fear of not being good enough. Almost immediately after giving birth, I felt an incredible amount of fear and worry that I could never have predicted.
You're also a successful curve model. How has your career as a model shaped your journey into motherhood?
Honestly, I was very concerned about whether my pregnancy would end my modeling career. I absolutely love my job and the idea of losing it because of changes in my body and time away was very unnerving. However, I had always wanted a child and knew that it was the right time to prioritize starting a family (as I was 33). I was also determined to "make a comeback" postpartum because I knew I wasn't ready to give up modeling (and I'm still not, almost 5 years later.) Motherhood has made me stronger, more resilient, and more persistent.
As a model, you've probably experienced the pressures of getting a "post-baby body" firsthand. If so, how have you dealt with this pressure, be it internal or external?
In order to work as a curve model, I knew that I had to be a certain size and shape, which led me to put an enormous amount of pressure on myself to "get my body back." At first, I really struggled with this, but then at a certain point, I realized that my body gave me the miracle of life. I stop shaming myself and punishing my body for not being what it was before. I made the conscious choice to accept that my body would never be the same because that "old body" didn't give birth to a child, and through that self-love came self-acceptance. I can now confidently say that I'm happy with my post-baby body (and you should be, too)!
Lastly, if you could go back and give your new-mom self one piece of advice, what would it be?
If I could go back and give myself one piece of advice, it would probably be to sign up for multiple new mom support groups (local and national), like the one I created on Facebook called The New Mom Code Community. When you're in the thick of it, motherhood can feel so isolated and lonely. Connecting with a variety of mothers who are going through similar challenges and can help you troubleshoot different problems is such a wonderful resource to have access to, especially when you don't feel comfortable leaving the house.
You can purchase Amanda's book, The New Mom Code: Shatter Expectations and Crush It at Motherhood, from Amazon.
Last updated on: 1/25/2022
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Augminished Studio features the latest digital recording technology to help you move to the next level of performance. Using some of the greatest equipment in the industry from Neumann to API to Neve to Royer, we strive to provide the best sound possible.
Owner/Head Engineer Nick Pelc brings many years of performing and recording music to his role at Augminished Studio. He has two bachelors degree's one in Recording Arts and one in Music Buiness from the University of Colorado at Denver. He has worked with artists such as Lil Wayne, Gucci Mane, B.o.b., Ingird Michaelson and the Colorado Symphony, Ryan Tedder (One Republic) CHON, the Contortionist, Todd Rundgren, Danny Elfman to name a few. Augminished Studio has been operating for five years and is based in Littleton Colorado. Whether you need a 30-second promo spot or a full CD master, the most important consideration is how expertly your studio balances the art of music with the science of recording.


(2,1)c/6 is a knightwise speed that is equivalent to one third of the speed of light.
On March 7, 2018 Adam P. Goucher and Tomas Rokicki discovered the first (2,1)c/6 spaceship, Sir Robin.
In July, three tagalongs were discovered, dubbed minstrels. One of those is capable of supporting one end of knightwave, a (2,1)c/6 wave discovered by Kiho Park.
More recently, thirteen other tagalongs were found for Sir Robin, many of which consist of multiple individual minstrels combined, as well as a stabilization for both ends of the knightwave. On top of that, a nontrivial flotilla of two Sir Robins was discovered, allowing for knightwise branching spaceships.
In early 2018, Tomas Rokicki found four other partials with this property, all with the same frontend as Sir Robin. The longest of these was fed into ikpx by Adam P. Goucher to encourage it to explore a different area of search space; Sir Robin swiftly dropped out of the program within a few hours.


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Q: Implementing animation to run equally fast on all machines What is the usual way to implement animations (e.g. a composite with a changing position, in SWT) so that they look equally fast on all machines?
The naive approach would be to use timestamps, to stop the time untill the next animation step.
Is there a more professional way?

A: I use the javax.swing.Timer on a regular basis, and it works great for consistent animations. All you have to do is implement a class (you can even make it your Frame or Panel) that implements ActionListener.
The timer calls the actionPreformed(...) method at an interval specified in the constructor (or later if you want), and you can perform all of your redrawing from the Timer intervals. Usually that involves updating the state of whatever object you need and calling repaint() on the Panel involved.
Make sure you call the Timer's start() method. That has caused me numerous headaches!

A: The only approach is using timestamps; the naïve and professional approaches differ in how they are used.
The naïve approach uses a thread and Thread.sleep(). The professional approach uses timers to run code at certain intervals and let the timer decide how to handle delays and jitter.
You can learn more about timers, look at the classes Timer and TimerTask. java.util.Timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTask, Date, long) should be a good start. Just be aware that the code is executed in a new thread, so you need to use the usual tools to inject events into the UI thread's queue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Convicted Sex Offender Elected to Virginia Senate
- November 8th, 2019
One of the many Democrats elected to the Virginia Senate on Tuesday is a convicted sex offender and disbarred lawyer, according to Breitbart.
Joe Morrissey was jailed and lost his license to practice law after being convicted of having sex with his 17-year-old secretary. He pled guilty to a misdemeanor in the ensuing court case and served for only three months in a "work-release term." He was also forced to resign from his seat in the Virginia House of Delegates, but then ran again in the special election to retake the seat and was re-elected.
Morrissey then went on to marry the girl in 2016, and she gave birth to their first child at 19. They now have three children together. Morrissey is 62.
Morrissey subsequently tried and failed to run for mayor of Richmond in 2016. Earlier this year, he ousted incumbent State Senator Rosalyn Dance for the Democratic nomination before going on to defeat independent candidate Waylin Ross in the general, with 64 percent to Ross's 36 percent. No Republican ran in the election for Morrissey's district.
Eric Lendrum graduated from the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he was the Secretary of the College Republicans and the founding chairman of the...


Nestled between the Great Smoky Mountains and the Cumberland Plateau, Knoxville, TN, is a place brimming with arts, music, and natural beauty. You'll certainly be proud to call both Knoxville and Spring Meadow home. Our community is serene and inviting, with one, two, and three bedroom apartment homes that are immediately welcoming. Come home to Spring Meadow in Northeast Knoxville – find yourself close to the action, and still feeling like you're away from it all.
Located in Northeast Knoxville near Fountain City, Spring Meadow is one mile from Interstate 640 and 3 miles from I-40. With a Knoxville Area Transit (KAT) bus stop at the entrance to the Spring Meadow community, you can choose to take your daily travels via public transportation or behind the wheel of your own car. Plus, with over 65 miles of greenway trails, bicycle commuters can enjoy scenic routes throughout Knoxville. Whether you're commuting to nearby employers like the University of Tennessee, Green Mountain Coffee, or UPS, choosing your route is as easy as choosing your mode of transportation.
Learn more when you schedule your personal tour.
Our one, two, and three bedroom apartment homes are modern while maintaining an aura of coziness and warmth. Surround yourself with an environment both lovely and conducive to easy living. At Spring Meadow, you'll find conveniences such as washer/dryer connections in a floor plan that includes a separate laundry room space. No one looks forward to laundry day, but this necessary chore will certainly become a bit breezier with this smart set up.
Spring Meadow is situated on tidy grounds lush with community amenities you're sure to enjoy. Whether you relax via exercise or lounging or require a combination of both, take advantage of the well-equipped fitness center and the refreshing waters of the swimming pool. If you wield a fierce backhand, perhaps you'd prefer to grab your racket and partner up for a game of doubles on the tennis court.
Take a peek at the perks of pastoral living. Spring Meadow is serene and suburban in the center of Knoxville's bustle.


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Not good for cops to use expensive vehicles on duty provided by businessmen: Ajit Pawar
Pune (Maharashtra) [India], February 20 (ANI): Maharashtra Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar on Friday said it is not good for police officers to use expensive vehicles provided by businessmen on duty and they must follow rules and respect them as people watch things closely.
"Day before yesterday I was in Mumbai... some police officers came in a vehicle which costs about Rs 35 lakhs. I asked when these vehicles were purchased because there is a rule for a vehicle to be purchased for chief minister, deputy chief ministers, ministers, and High Court judges. I got to know that some businessmen had given these vehicles for his convoy and some officers were using it themselves," he said while speaking at an event here.
"It is not good for a state government employee to use vehicle given by some businessmen. Everyone must note that people watch things closely. We must follow rules and respect them. I have nothing to say how one must live their personal life but I hope when they are on duty they must follow rules and respect it," Pawar added.
The Deputy Chief Minister was attending an event at Pune City Police headquarters where police had returned the recovered material in theft cases. (ANI)
pune maharashtra Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar vehicles


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Home Technology The Lamborghini SC18 Alston is an 800-hp, one-off wonder
The Lamborghini SC18 Alston is an 800-hp, one-off wonder
Watch this:
We got a world exclusive first look at the Lamborghini…
There's rich, and then there's "hey, Lamborghini, make me a custom car" rich. We don't know much about the latest super-wealthy person with the cash to commission a one-off, extravagant Lamborghini. But do know they have a son named Alston, hence, the Lamborghini SC18 Alston.
As for the rest of the name, SC stands for Squadra Corsa. The 18 refers to the year it was produced, although we had to wait until the 2019 Goodwood Festival of Speed for it to break cover.
The Alston is based on the Aventador SVJ, but the changes are numerous. The engine has a modified intake, which pushes the power up to 800 horsepower. A host of bodywork changes include a new front splitter, new rear deck cover and an adjustable rear wing that, in typical Lamborghini style, can be set to alto, medio or brasso, and can deliver more downforce than on the SVJ. A titanium exhaust and a new diffuser are also on hand, and we expect these to make their way to future Lambos soon.
There are also few smaller touches, like the lights, that can be recognized from the Centenario. Flashback to the 2016 Geneva Motor Show, the Centenario was built to celebrate the 100th birthday of Ferrucio Lamborghini, the company's founder.
This is where I usually say something like, "I'll take two," but only one will be built and I'm definitely not its buyer.
Back to the SC18, you might be shocked to learn it's road-legal. We wouldn't expect to see it in the parking lot of your local grocery store anytime soon, but in theory, you could. Just watch the ground clearance — the SC18 sits even lower to the ground than the SVJ.
The interior isn't quite as excessive as the exterior, with a simplified steering wheel that's completely free of buttons or switches. It has the same centrally located infotainment screen that we saw on the Centenario, and the door pulls are simple leather loops. It's hard to ever call any part of a Lamborghini "basic," but this interior is about as basic as they come.
Presumably, that's entirely the owners choice, because from what we understand about the performance and handling, it's aggressive. Very aggressive. So it stands to reason that you'll want to keep focused on the job in hand if you take this out for a proper drive. In addition to having more power than the SVJ, Lamborghini says the SC18 has more grip and sharper throttle response, too.
We'll likely never know the full details of who this car belongs to, but considering this one-off request really ups the ante over the already-bonkers SVJ, it's fair to assume they'll be making good use of it.
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Q: Different results with or without Assumptions in Integrate for an elliptic integral Here are 2 examples I have examined.
1. Assumptions in Integrate.
Integrate[ Sqrt[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^4 - a^2 x^2)], {x, 0, a},
           Assumptions -> a > b > 0]

Integrate[ Sqrt[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^4 - a^2 x^2)], {x, 0, a},
           Assumptions -> a > b > 0]

2. Without Assumptions in Integrate.
Integrate[ Sqrt[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^4 - a^2 x^2)], {x, 0, a}]

ConditionalExpression[
  (Sqrt[-(1/a)] a Sqrt[-(b^2/a)] EllipticE[1 - b^2/a^2])/Sqrt[b^2/a^2],
  Re[a/Sqrt[a^2 - b^2]] > 1 || Re[a/Sqrt[a^2 - b^2]] < -1 ||
  a/Sqrt[a^2 - b^2] \[NotElement] Reals]

Is there anyone who can explain this phenomenon?

A: For some reason, Mathematica takes a wrong turn in evaluating this integral if the integrand is
$$
\sqrt{1 + \frac{b^2 x^2}{a^4 - a^2 x^2}}.
$$
However, if the expression under the radical is combined into a single square root, i.e.
$$
\sqrt{\frac{a^4 - a^2x^2 + b^2 x^2}{a^4 - a^2 x^2}},
$$
Mathematica happily integrates it.  This can be accomplished by the Together function applied under the square root:
Integrate[Sqrt[Together[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^4 - a^2 x^2)]], {x, 0, a}, Assumptions -> a > b > 0]

(* a EllipticE[1 - b^2/a^2] *)

(For the record, I am using Mathematica 12.0.0 on Mac OS.  Elliptic-integral handling may be different under different recent versions.)

A: This type of  an integral can be rewritten more explicitly as the complete elliptic integral of the second kind, namely using change of the independent variable $x\to \frac{x}{a}$ and the integral will be equal (assuming $a\neq 0$):
$$\int_0^{a}\sqrt{1+\frac{b^2 x^2}{a^4- a^2 x^2}} dx= a \int_0^{1}\sqrt{1+\frac{b^2 x^2}{a^2(1- x^2)}} dx$$
a Integrate[Sqrt[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^2(1-x^2))], {x, 0, 1}, Assumptions -> a > b > 0]

a EllipticE[1- b^2/a^2]

Elliptic integrals have branch cuts, e.g. the complete elliptic integral of the second kind $E(m)$ has a branch cut discontinuity from $1$ to $\infty$.  This is the main reason why elliptic integrals not always evaluate seamlessly on the symbolic level (see this answer) and one has to rewrite given integrals into more familiar forms (see e.g. Why doesn't Integrate evaluate an elliptic integral? where one finds a more extended discussion). It is reasonable to avoid generic (and sometimes unexpectedly incorrect in exceptional cases) symbolic results and provide more special symbolic cases when one can deal with numerics instead. Dealing with Integrate without Assumptions one gets generically correct reasult (unless there might be a bug), however using Assumptions one would expect perfectly correct output and so then the system appears to be more cautious.
We can also evaluate our integral with a bit more general assumptions
a Integrate[ Sqrt[1 + (b^2 x^2)/(a^2(1 - x^2))], {x, 0, 1},
             Assumptions-> a > 0 && b > 0 && a != b]

Quite analogous issue one can find in this question Assumptions allowing to calculate an elliptic integral.


text:
Jenny Roper
09 September 2019 · 3 min read · News
Risk management Strategic workforce planning Training Skills AI
Lack of upskilling opportunities risks "populist time bomb"
?UK workers are given the fewest opportunities to upskill of all nationalities, according to PwC research
More than half (51%) of UK workers were offered no retraining opportunities, compared to a 26% global average – and 33% in the US and 31% in Germany for example. This also compared to only 5% in India and 3% in China.
Additionally, only 49% of UK workers say their employer is giving them the chance to improve their digital skills outside their normal duties, with just 14% saying that they are given many opportunities.
The Upskilling Hopes and Fears research – which surveyed more than 22,000 people in 11 markets – found that workers without education beyond school are getting the least opportunities to learn new skills, with 59% offered no opportunities by their employers compared to 44% of graduates.
It also found that 58% of UK adults are worried that automation is putting jobs at risk and 29% think that their job will be significantly changed or made obsolete by automation in the next 10 years. This made Brits the least well off of all the nationalities in this area too. In India and China for example seven in 10 (71% in India and 70% in China) think automation presents more opportunities than risks (even adjusting for cultural differences in responses, according to PwC).
Only half of UK workers (50%) feel well equipped to use new technologies entering the workplace, meaning UK workers feel the least equipped of all nationalities. The countries where workers feel best equipped were found to be India (91%), South Africa (80%) and China (78%).
Gareth Jones, visiting professor and executive in residence at IE Business School, former director of HR and internal communications at the BBC and co-author of Why Should Anyone Be Led By You?, said the fact those with the least education are being offered the fewest opportunities to reskill risks serious societal unrest and further political volatility.
"Even if you come from an elite educational background you're going to have to upskill. We know now that AI will make routine legal work unskilled for example, so even those occupations are at risk," he told HR magazine. "So if you're at the bottom of the social structure you're already disillusioned, and now you're in grave danger not just of feeling like you've been left behind but actually being left behind… We're in danger of fuelling a populist time bomb."
The issue requires "a visionary combination" of "not just the state but also enlightened employers and charities" working together, he said.
The government must work to end a longstanding "snobbish attitude" towards vocational education and stop focusing attention and resources on "elite institutions", Jones said, with greater funding for further education institutions needed. But employers and HR also have a vital role to play, he said.
HR has both a "positive and negative" motivation for giving the matter urgent attention, he explained: "The positive answer is we need employees equipped to handle the rapid rate of technical change. We're not just talking about science businesses but all businesses – retail for example… The negative reason is if you don't do this you're going to be handling massive redundancy programmes fairly regularly, and we already have huge skills shortages."
More positively, UK workers have strong appetite for learning and reskilling opportunities on the whole, according to the PwC report. More than half (54%) said that they're ready to learn new skills or completely retrain to improve their future employability, rising to 67% of 18- to 34-year-olds.
Additionally, three-quarters (73%) would take the opportunity to better understand or use technology if they were given the option by their employer.
"Organisations need to seize on people's appetite to learn new skills. Too often assumptions are made about the type of worker who should be upskilled, so the opportunities are not evenly spread," agreed Carol Stubbings, global leader of people and organisation at PwC.
Other demographics besides those with lower levels of educational attainment were also found to miss out on training. More than half (54%) of men surveyed say their employer is giving them the chance to learn new skills, as opposed to only 45% of women. Additionally, 64% of workers aged 18 to 34 say they are offered opportunities, compared with 48% of 35- to 54-year-olds and 41% aged 55 and older.
Lack of opportunities and austerity caused Brexit
University of Warwick: lack of part time opportunities means mothers forced to return to work full time
Employees unaware of messaging app security risks
One in five leave jobs due to lack of opportunities
Employers lack knowledge of diabetes
Employees quitting jobs due to lack of promotions


text:
Everybody is a Treasure
by aactdev | Jul 1, 2019 | Stories | 0 comments
The top athletes get picked for Rep teams…but what happens to the most talented young artists? They are often met with family encouragement to go get a real job.
And with stats like the ones just teased out by NZ On Air and Creative NZ it is no wonder. Artists earn pretty much half of what normal workers earn and the pay gap widens if you are a female artist.
So well-meaning adults often try to steer their kids into something practical. And our communities lose out because some of our most promising talents ends up in jobs that rob their potential.
Mandi Lynn the founder of Every Body is a Treasure Trust knows this experience first hand. She was a talented young artist who won awards for her work from seven years of age. But her family really wanted her to make sure she could look after herself and encouraged her to go to nursing school. She did and worked as an obstetrical nurse until she was in her mid-thirties and then found that she was suffering from depression. "My belly was full. But not my soul." So she took a risk and opened her own photography studio in 2009 as a single mother. "I didn't want my kid to learn from me how to give up on his dreams. I wanted him to see what it looked like to go for it." And she did. She is now a film director and a previous winner of New Zealand's Creative Photographer of the year.
Her studio is thriving. In 2018 she used funds from it to start a charity that focuses on youth mental wellness and creative resilience.
Last term with help from Auckland Airport trust she started a program for young creatives called the HeArtivists at Manurewa Highschool.
"It happened a bit by accident. I was there doing a photoshoot at Manurewa High of the Rewa Allstars girls. It was there that I met Rosie, one of the dancers, who also wanted to be a film director. I asked her why and she said that she was sick of seeing stories told about the kids of South Auckland that only showed one side. She wanted to tell the beautiful stories that she saw. I had to help her after hearing that. "
The South Auckland HeArtivists program is designed to support young artists with social conscience. She is now looking for local adult artists, youth workers, teachers, and parents to train to be mentors and facilitators in the program. "The adult program helps the community to look at their own biases about what is possible for creative kid and to put on their own oxygen mask first. Often people shut down their creative kids for the best of reasons, this is a way to see a new way to support the kids."
The course is fee free and only requires the commitment to pay it forward into the community. There is space for 20 artists in the pilot round.
More info is found here.
ATHLETICS NZ throwlikeagirl


Rose Afriyie is the co-founder and Project Manager of mRelief, where she works on operations, community partnerships and fundraising to accelerate technology that responds to the needs of low-income people in America. Her professional qualifications include marketing for Google where she co-produced Oprah Winfrey's first Google+ Hangout. She also worked in the Domestic Policy Council in White House during the passage of healthcare reform. She holds a Master of Public Policy from the University of Michigan.


text:
Q: BulkUpdate for Sequelize.org on MSSQL I have a table with three fields.
--------------------------------
  id_ram   |    value  |  um

id_ram is primary key.
I'm designing an Express API with sequelize. I am not able to update multiple rows of this table.
I am passing json array like below.
[
  {"id_ram":"54","value":"11","um":"GB"},
  {"id_ram":"34","value":"22","um":"GB"},
  {"id_ram":"70","value":"33","um":"GB"}
]

This is what I have tried so far.
router.post('/update',function (req, res) {

    var api_name = middleware_name + " /update";

    // - Check if the input array is passed
    if(req.body.array == undefined) {

        var jsonErrorResponse = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name, "", "value of input parameter [array] is undefined");
        api_manager.WriteErrorLogFile(req,api_name,jsonErrorResponse,jsonErrorResponse);
        res.send(jsonErrorResponse);

        return;
    }
    else {
        var create_values_array = "";
        try {
            //Parse INPUT JSON Array
            create_values_array = JSON.parse(req.body.array);
        }
        catch (err) {

            //Raise SyntaxError
            var jsonErrorResponse = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name,"",err.message);
            var jsonInternalError = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name,"",err);
            api_manager.WriteErrorLogFile(req,api_name,jsonErrorResponse,jsonInternalError);

            //Send error Response
            res.send(jsonErrorResponse);
        }

        ObjectModel.bulkCreate(
            create_values_array
        , {updateOnDuplicate: ["id_ram"]})
        .then(created_objects => { // Notice: There are no arguments here, as of right now you'll have to...

            //Send Response and Log Action
            var jsonData = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name,created_objects,"");
            api_manager.WriteInfoLogFile(req,api_name,jsonData);

            res.send(jsonData);

        }).catch (function (err) {

            //Write Error Log
            var jsonErrorResponse = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name,"",err.message);
            var jsonInternalError = api_manager.PrepareJSONResponse(api_name,"",err);
            api_manager.WriteErrorLogFile(req,api_name,jsonErrorResponse,jsonInternalError);

            //Send error Response
            res.send(jsonErrorResponse);
        });
    }
});

How can we implement bulkUpdate like bulkCreate in sequelize orm for MSSQL ?

A: For bulk create you do it this way.
//array of object to be inserted
const data = [
   {field1: "value1"}, {field2: "value2"}...
]

Model.bulkCreate(data, {returning: true}) //if you don't pass returning true it will not return the data

bulkCreate() can also be used for updating as well.
bulkCreate(data , {updateOnDuplicate : true })

A: Hello {updateOnDuplicate : true } raise an error because SQL Server doesn't support this feature.
Is It possible to take another way ?

A: You could achieve this by writing a function that calls the Sequelize upsert function in a loop like so:
const records = [
  { field1: 'value1', field2: 'value2' },
  ...
];

async function bulkUpsert(records) {
  return Promise.all(
    records.map((record) {
      return Model.upsert(record);
    })
  );
}


Alan M: "The weather was lovely, sunny but not too warm. We walked down sunken footpaths lined with bluebells, daffodils, primroses and a purple flower which I don't know the name of. We crossed a number of babbling brooks and rolling rivers, the route was littered with pretty farmhouses, Oast houses, fields full of bright yellow rapeseed, the cutest little lambs and quaint little villages here and there. We also saw the most bizarre goose ever and even some wild deer! The pubs served the wonderful Harveys Sussex Best, or Shepherd Neame brews."
Conveniently, we were able to catch a train from Brixton tube station to Robertsbridge, with a coffee-grabbing change at Orpington.
The South Eastern Railway (SER) opened their line from Tunbridge Wells to Robertsbridge on September 1st 1851, with the line arriving at the cutely named Bopeep junction on the Brighton to Hastings line on January 1st 1852.
The substantial Italianate style station at Robertsbridge.
One of the few signal boxes to survive the line's electrification in 1986, the wooden structure overlooks a level crossing to the south of the station.
An overgrown bay on the down side of the station was the terminus for the Rother Valley Railway which opened in 1900 to Rolvenden (then named Tenterden).
Passenger trains stopped running in January 1954 but goods and hop pickers specials survived until 1961.
Happily, the northern section from Bodiam to Tenterden is now the preserved K&SR steam railway. There are hopes that the southern link to Robertsbridge can be reinstated and a collection of railway coaches and equipment can be seen in the yard.
Sheep and lambs, Robertsbridge, Sussex.
The early morning start had scared off some of the lightweight walking crew, but the five person-plus-dog party were ready for some serious a-walkin'!
A somewhat less-than-convincing scarecrow looks over the classic Weald countryside of rolling hills, woods, hop fields and orchards.
A lunch stop was called for after a few miles into the walk, and we grabbed some suitably hearty fare at this pub.
I went for the excellent Ploughman's lunch that features an enormous slab of cheese.
Two lovely pints of Harvey's Sussex Bitter!
I was delighted to find that the pub stocked Harvey's Sussex Bitter - one of my very favourite ales!
Close up of some rusting farm machinery.
With the sound of a (thankfully) fenced-in pack of polar bear sized pedigree dogs fading into the distance, we strolled down this lovely glade, with a floor covered with bluebells, daffodils, primroses and a mystery purple flower.
The Kent and Sussex landscapes are peppered with the distinctive outlines of Oast Houses, although after the decline of the hops trade, most of them have now been converted into private houses.
Around this point, the walk took us off the path and straight through someone's private garden! It felt very odd, but it was our right to walk there, so we trundled through.
It was lovely to wander through big, open spaces.
I liked the name of this road!
The walk took us through some beautiful scenery.


One of the most interesting and emblematic buildings in Fuerteventura, with a great historical meaning as much for this majorera island as for the whole Canary Archipelago, is the colonels' house; a feudal building, located in the malpaís of 'La Arena', in the outskirts of La Oliva, standing out not just because of its history but because of its architecture too.
It is a civic and military building that started to be built in the second half of the XVII Century, ruled by the Sánchez-Dumpiérrez family, and it surprises us because of its great dimensions, making a contrast with the desert landscape and the plains where it is located. The Sánchez-Dumpiérrez Family held repeatedly the office of Colonel of the Provincial Militias, which was held for life and it was hereditary. They created a military aristocracy extremely mighty, and they would dominate the island at the end of the XVIII century.
Why does the figure of the colonel have so much power in comparison to that of feudal lords?
Once that Fuerteventura takes part in the Catillian Crown dominions are established, and the family Arias de Saavedra held the title of Fuerteventura's lords. The crown is aware that their power to control their own territories is weakening, as the lands are under the rule of lords that govern their own way. So, the crown decides to create a military regiment under the rule of a colonel that would take control of the island little by little. In 1708 the militia's regiment is settled, and their colonel holds the office and duties of 'Governador de Armas'; the mission of this office will be to undermine the power of the island's lords.
First of all they take away their military power, and little by little colonels become the true landowners, ruling the island from their fortress houses: the colonels' house. Fuerteventura's lords lived in Betancuria, but colonels settle in La Oliva, so Betancuria loses interest, and political, economic and social development starts in La Oliva, living at that time its biggest splendour.
La Oliva becomes thus the most important major city in Fuerteventura; the colonel orders the building of La Oliva's church (the biggest one in the island) and creates and important market; the first colonel even buys the sculpture of the 'Virgen de la Candelaria', thus undermining that of the 'Virgen de Betancuria'. They became the richest family in the Canary Islands. The power the colonels got was so great that they started to live as proper lords- there was a splendorous social and artistic refinement. Among the payslips found in the house there was that of a pianist brought from France, which shows the refinement and artistic sensitivity they had. Painters of a great reputation went to this house and gave expression to portraits of La Oliva's colonels.
The architectural complex of the Colonels' house clearly shows the power that this family enjoyed. It is a building inspired in the rustic houses of nobility in the Canary Islands (like those that at that time were built in Tenerife's Lagoon, but improved). It was made of several areas or buildings, each one with a different function: the main square, the cistern, the stables, the ceremony area, the agricultural area…. Within this complex you also find the doctor's house, the chemistry, the administrator's area, the carpenter's workshop, the blacksmith's… and in the central area, as a powerful castle, the building where the colonel and his family lived. Colonels get their full splendor in the XVIII C, but all through the XIX C. the new economic, political and social situations bring the military power in Fuerteventura to a slow deterioration.
Populations like Puerto de Cabras and Antigua gain importance as demographic segments. Colonels will lose their political and military power, not the economic one though, which they will keep even after the colonles' office disappeared.
Nowadays The Colonels' house is a museum that hints at the power that Fuerteventura held in the past.
FUERTEVENTURA HISTORY. A WALL, TWO TRIBES, TWO KINGS.
The truth about the primitive Fuerteventura's inhabitants is a great mistery, difficult to clarify due to the lack of archeological, historic and linguistic evidences; but still there are several research trends that stand for different theories. Some authors call the island «Maxorata», named after the biggest of the kingdoms the island was divided into; however there is a place name –recorded by Norman authors- our focus in order to approach the age of the ancient prehistoric kingdoms in Fuerteventura. This place name is «Erbania» or «Herbania», and a research trend relates this name to «Arbani» -the place where the wall is-. It makes reference to the wall, made of dry stone, which divided the island of Fuerteventura into two parts, near Jandia's isthmus, a wall of which there are still some remains nowadays. On the basis of this research trend and of some other data that was recorded we can try to get a picture of what the firsts inhabitants of this island were like. The island was divided into two tribes or kingdoms, ruled by two kings. Each of them had their own descendants' groups, related among themselves or through economic or marital exchanges; this way they created a bipolar tribal society characterized by hostile relations among themselves, and known as dual system.
The need of a greater amount of pastures and the fight for more and more limited resources would take kinship groups to look for higher politic organizations to cope with the military confrontation towards the other tribe, genealogically more distant.
Despite hostility between the two kingdoms, this was not permanent, as both tribes had a feeling of belonging to the same ethnic group, which they showed when they cooperated against a foreign enemy (the Normans) or when they adopted a pacific relationship in festivities and rituals that were common to the whole population in Fuerteventura.
Majorero kings must be considered as leaders or military chiefs, outstanding because of their warlike qualities. Their promotion was due to the lengthy military confrontations among the tribes, and to the need of organizing the defense against European incursions during the XIV and XV centuries. Those pastoral tribes had an aggressive nature and their military confrontations were very common, usually having to do with livestock and pastures. Normans always talk about them as ferocious warriors, with a good aim but without armour, with poor gadgets such as stones and wooden spears with no iron, similar to the ones existing in the rest of the archipelago.
The last aboriginal kings we have records about are Guize (to the North of the Wall) and Ayoze (to the South) and the two existing regions would be named after them.
As we said before, other research trends reject this theory because of the difference about the areas of these regions, the Northern one being much wider than the Southern one, though despite this difference both areas were very close in resources.
Until here we have tried an approach to the aborigine and fist inhabitants of this part of «La Macaronesia».
They are several the natural monuments in Fuerteventura —Isla de Lobos is one of them, this is why we enjoy taking tourists to such a setting in our daily excursions— ; one of them, and which we consider a place where memory and magic find shelter is Tindaya Mountain. To the ancient inhabitants of the island (Los Mahos) this is a Sacred Mountain, one of the most important natural monuments in The Canary Islands.
Located 4 kms from the coast, in the ravine of Esquinzo, in the village of Tindaya (municipality of La Oliva), this mountain, 400m above sea level, is a spectacular trachyta python that erosion, over time, has exposed as the volcano that wrapped it wore down and showed it.
The trachyte is a hard and rough volcanic rock that once was used to make millstones and is now a highly valued ornamental stone used for building and once polished it recalls marble. Geomorphologically, its study is essential to understand the formation of The Canary Islands.
Tindaya has very important cultural, historical and ecological values. Popularly known as the Witches' mountain, it contains nearly 300 "podomorfos" footprints (foot-shaped engravings), which turn the mountain into one of the largest engraving sites in the planet, similar to those found in North Africa.
These foot-shaped engravings were made by different hands at different times, as there are several kinds, in size, execution and distribution. They are spread over more than fifty panels grouped in its upper section and almost thirty loose figures, missing today. We do not know much about these "podomorfos", all of them oriented towards the sunset, the west; some believe this is because from the top of this mountain, on clear days, you can see Teide Mountain, which ancient inhabitants considered to be Satan's residence and it might be the target of their rituals, although there are other more plausible theories which relate these footprints with astrological phenomena and Summer and Winter solstices. Other theories speak of nuptial rites … What is undeniable is that this mountain was a ritual site for ancient inhabitants and, therefore, a sacred mountain.
At the foot of this mountain 3 permanent settlements with aboriginal remains have been found, research issues still open, remains of cabins or homes, polished shells and carefully crafted pottery, which seems to belong to rituals rather than to household goods. The oral history or Tindaya tells that games, dances and magical-religious rituals, linked to the stars and supernatural forces, were held there.
Plant and animal species shelter.
The sacred mountain of Tindaya is also shelter for endemic species, many of them unique to Fuerteventura and some, endangered. We'll highlight "La Chumberilla de Lobos" or "Cernúa" (Caralluma Burchardii). It also serves as a shelter for animals, many of them species in clear decline, classified as rare and uncommon now, as it is the case of the Canary Island Stonechat and the Trumpeter Finch.
Natural Area of National Interest.
For all these values, this area was declared, by 12/1987 Law, of June 19th , on Declaration of Canary Island Natural Areas, as "Paraje Natural de Interés Nacional de Montaña Tindaya" and reclassified as natural monument by 12/1994 Law, of December 19th, on Natural Areas of the Canary Islands.
Tindaya is culture, history, magic and nature; it is a natural monument worthy of respect and research to clarify the past of this land, that of the ancient inhabitants of this corner of La Macaronesian who, like us, felt the magnetism that turns it into the Witches' Mountain, one of the most beautiful living monuments in the Canary Islands.
Climbing this mountain is now banned but you can stroll around to feel its majesty, also visible from different areas in northern Fuerteventura and recognizable for its special rock, different from other mountains or volcanoes on the island.
They are already several the recommendations of must spots to visit and discover in this island; our favourite one will always be the tour around Isla de Lobos in one of our daily excursions from Corralejo; it is so recommendable that we are number one on TripAdvisor so, will you miss it?
Just at a glance at Fuerteventura or Isla de Lobos, at their strange shapes, majestic cliffs eroded by the strength of the Atlantic, volcanoes that despite the passage of time still show us their craters, the wonderful "malpaís" that covers a great part of this land, … you can perceive the volcanic past of these islands. A history of strong eruptions that have reached our days offering us a different and spectacular landscape worthy of admiration.
Fuerteventura island is the oldest one in the Canary Islands. In order to know many secrets of the past of this island we can visit "La Cueva del Llano", a centre that allows us to delve into the depths of the earth, letting us know which animals inhabited the island thousands of years ago.
What is "La Cueva del Llano"?
It is a paleontological site located in the town of Villaverde, municipality of La Oliva, about 8 kilometres from Corralejo (headquarters for our excursions to Isla de Lobos) that was formed by the eruption of the mountain of Escanfraga 800.000 years ago.
The eruption of this volcano caused a river of lava flows that solidified at the top by contact with air, while the bottom remained smooth, descending to the sea. Once this eruption was complete the result was an empty tunnel which forms a volcanic pipe which is up to 12 meters wide and up to 5 metres high at the highest parts, it even reaches 7 metres at some point. The surveyed length so far is 648 meters though the last 200 are difficult to scan.
This lava tube is an open book on the past of this land as "La Cueva" has worked as a drain of water in the area; due to the collapse of part of its roof, "El Jameo" was formed, which gives access to it and through which streams of water and mud have slipped for centuries, sweeping sediments of the different stages and remains of fossilized animals which still remain there. Its walls, despite the passage of time, still retain the traces of this mud; as a result, the scientific community has bioclimatic samples to investigate the past of this island.
"La Cueva del Llano" is today an interpretation centre whose visit allows us to dive deeper into this lava tube tunnel walking a few meters, a guided tour on the soils of this island, where you will discover its richness. Before diving into the depths of the cave, visitors can discover the geological variety of Fuerteventura in the interpretation centre.
This tube has an inhabitant of exception: the harvestman arachnid (Maiorerus randoi), similar to the spider, but yellowish, and unique to "La Cueva del Llano", being the only cavity in Fuerteventura with appropriate environmental conditions; this is one of the most extraordinary species of invertebrate in the fauna of The Canary Islands. It is a small arachnid adapted to living in the darkness of the cave, so it is almost transparent as it has lost pigmentation and sight due to the darkness; therefore it uses two front legs as sticks to feel its way. It is believed that the ancestors of this arachnid arrived in the Canary Islands in wetter times, millions of years ago, living on the surface, and due to climate change it sought refuge in the cave where it found an ideal habitat.
This Interpretation Centre is a monument of nature. An exceptional place to know and understand the evolution of the climate in Fuerteventura. It is also the oldest lava tube in the Canary Islands and probably one of the best preserved. Today it reopens Wednesday and Thursday, 10-15 hours. Saturdays from 15-18 hours to delight those who want to know more about the majestic volcanic past of these islands.
Therefore besides recommending the visit to Isla de Lobos on one of our trips from Corralejo, to enjoy the beauty of this volcanic landscape that Lobos preserves even dramatically wild and natural, we recommend visiting the depths of Fuerteventura to understand and learn first hand the history of these islands.
During the XVII, XVIII and XIX centuries, one of the activities that moved the economic outlook in the history of Fuerteventura, providing a means to make a living for many families, was the export of lime to Gran Canaria, Tenerife and La Palma.
Therefore, today we can find many different kinds of lime kilns. Some of the 300 that are estimated to have existed in the island have been restored, but by 1970 cement replaced this material, doing away with the office of the lime merchants, which began on the island around 1641.
Initially vessels that collected lime to export to the other islands anchored in ports such as El Cotillo, Caleta de Fuste and Ajuy, where there was no dock; then the loading of ships was very laborious, as lime cannot get wet, because if it does its volume increases up to 50%. It had to be carefully transported by barge to the ships that once loaded journeyed to their destination, praying for the lime not to get wet, since an increase in volume could make the ship burst.
When it was discovered that the bay of Puerto del Rosario was much better, all activity moved to the capital, it turning, in the first half of the twentieth century, into "Puerto de la Cal", where a number of industrial sites were built, which employed a large part of the population of the time.
In the first 10 years of the twentieth century 70,000 tons of lime were exported.
"Caleras" or domestic wood kilns: they predominated in the villages of the interior. Gorse, tamarisks and "matos" were used as fuel. They had a low production capacity per batch and the obtained product was destined to internal or domestic consumption. These kilns used to be circular and their height did not exceed 4m.
Coal-fired industrial boilers: also called continuous furnaces, due to their production without interruption. They had a great capacity for lime production. They are usually rectangular and can reach 8 to 12 m high. The ones in Hondura and "El Charco" in Puerto del Rosario stand out.
We must make special mention of Ajuy kilns, which cannot be included in any of these kinds, as they were holes dug in the ground, about 12 m deep and 3m in diameter, built in a small cliff by the sea.
The way to transport lime stone was with camels and donkeys in quarries baskets of about 10kg, and the tools used to extract them were: shovel, pick, hammer, wedge bar to pry the stone, " el marrón", to split the larger stone, and a mace, to split the small stone.
Once limestone was carried to the kiln, they proceeded to fill it through the upper opening, a layer of rock interpersed with another one of fuel, until the kiln was completely full.
The kiln was lit on the bottom, where there was another opening; dry and tight gorse were placed there, and then it was set fire. Thus, the fire reached the different layers of fuel, turning "caliche" into quicklime.
The cooking process of lime could take several days, even one week. The process ended when the colour of the smoke became white.
Lime was removed from the kiln from the bottom, moving or hitting the iron grid on which the stones, now transformed into lime, had lain and were now shredded at the bottom of the kiln.
Water was added to the limestone or quicklime after the end of its cooking, thus obtaining the so-called slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). This lime was ready to be loaded and transported.
Lime kilns in Lobos island.
In our neighboring Lobos Island, where we go on our daily boat trips, there were 4 lime kilns, 3 out of which have been preseverd : Atalaya Grande, Las Lagunitas and Calera Kiln.
They are located in areas close to the coast, where there are organic limestone formations, coming from shells and skeletal remains of marine animals. Therefore, the lime that was obtained in the islet was "albeo" lime, used to whiten walls.
In our daily trips to the island of Lobos we tell our visitors about the Fuerteventura's history so that apart from living an unpaired marine experience, they leave our island with some more knowledge about it.
In our eagerness to make the wonders of this paradise, Fuerteventura, known we can not ignore the oldest town in this island, and although our main passions are the sea and the boat trips around here, we recommend a visit to this town in the central area of the island: Betancuria. Let's get closer to the history of this island and specifically to this town, going back to the years of the conquest.
In 1402 Fuerteventura was invaded by the French nobleman Jean de Bethencourt (Norman from origin, he got in touch with the Castilian crown through a relative and he got the right to conquer the islands). However it wasn't until two years later that Fuerteventura was finally conquered.
In 1404 colonization starts properly; with this purpose a capital was founded by the military man Gadifer de la Salle —who accompanied Jean de Bethencourt in the conquest— and by Bethencourt himself, whose figure would be honoured when the capital was named after him: Betancuria, placed in one of the most fertile areas inland —a green valley, sheltered from the winds— less vulnerable and more sheltered from the frequent pirate attacks the island's coasts used to suffer.
This place had been one of the first settlements in this island, when their inhabitants were the Guanches.
From its foundation it became a capital and the governing centre of this island, and all the administrative and governing organisms of this island were historically settled there.
Betancuria kept its political and administrative importance for centuries, resisting several attempts of Berber invasions that devastated the capital in the middle of the XVI C. However, at the beginning of the XIX C its economical power was decreasing in favour of other populations that were quickly growing, such was the case of La Oliva and Pájara, until it became one of the less populated urban areas in Fuerteventura.
At the beginning of the XVIII C the military government moves to La Oliva, which meant the beginning of the end of the political monopoly that Betancuria enjoyed. But it wasn't until the XIX C that economical, social, administrative, religious and political changes —due to the fall of the Old Regime and the economic boom of the eastern side of the island— weaken Betancuria's power in favour of other urban centres like Pájara, La Oliva, Antigua or Puerto de Cabras (Puerto del Rosario nowadays).
Betancuria stopped being the only parish in the island (XVIII C) when those of Nuestra Señora de Regla (Pájara) and Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria (La Oliva) were created.
In 1834 the municipality of Puerto de Cabras is set up, independent from Tetir, and little by little the different institutions of the administration and the government get settled there, thus becoming the capital in 1860.
Nowadays Betancuria, with less than 700 inhabitants, is a touristic attraction because of its beauty, as it keeps being one of the most beautiful villages in this island, whose historical power is still reflected in some of its buildings.
It's one of the main buildings in this historical capital that started to be built during the first years of the founding of Betancuria to cover the spiritual needs of the islanders. (The 10% of the agricultural production was given to the church, and the 20%, to the island's governor). This Norman-gothic style Church-Cathedral suffered some Berber attacks and had to be rebuilt in the XVII C., though it still keeps some remains of the first church, like the belfry and some columns and, also worth mentioning, its baptistery, choir, and a Mudejar coffered ceiling.
Another characteristic feature of Betancuria is its hermitage, similar —regarding the stone and the whitewashing— to the cathedral. Beside it we find the remains of the Franciscan convent that together with the hermitage were originally a part of the first Franciscan convent founded in the Canary Islands.
The islet of Lobos — where we go almost everyday on our boat trips from Corralejo to show tourists the charms of its coasts and waters— is where the literary artist Josefina Plá was born, the 9th of November, 1903: she was the daughter of Leopoldo Plá, born to a family of natives from Alicante, and Rafaela Guerra Galvaní. Relating Josefina Plá to just one discipline is a hard task, as apart from being a poet, playwright, essayist, fiction writer and journalist she was also a well-known ceramicist, art critic and painter.
She was christened in Fermés Church and registered in Yaiza (Lanzarote), but her father's profession, lighthouse keeper, made her leave the Canary Islands when she was only 5 on a tour around the Spanish geography and its beautiful coasts. So they lived in Valencia, Bilbao, and many other cities where she spent many years of her childhood and adolescence.
Culture was very important to her family, and this provided her with a most reliable literary basis and a great love for languages. Being 18 she had a command of French, English and she had some knowledge of Latin and could translate from German. Besides, her artistic side went beyond arts; she had stood out in some ceramic works, drawing and painting. In 1926 she met the Paraguayan ceramicist Andrés Campos Cervera in Villajoyosa, Alicante. He was internationally known as Julián Herrería, and she would marry him two years later, and then in 1927 she would settle with him in Asunción, Paraguay, a city where she spent the rest of her life and where she developed her whole career and developed all her achievements.
The arrival to this country that would adopt her was no bed of roses and she was rejected by a part of the Paraguayan aristocracy, who considered her as an "intrusive gipsy" and they were against her procedures. However this didn't stop her from developing a rich artistic and intellectual production.
Josefina Plá is considered as one of the main representatives of the Generation of the 40's, a fighter for human rights and one of the first activists of feminism in Paraguay, dame of the order of Isabel la Católica in Spain among many other distinctions, such as: member of the International Academy of Ceramics, located in Geneva, Switzerland; Bicentennial medal of the USA (1976); Ollantay trophy to the theatrical research, Venezuela(1984); Councillor in the Vice-Ministry of culture in Paraguay; National order of Merit in the degree of Commander in the Paraguayan Government (1994); Golden medal in Fine Arts in Spain (1995); award for her defence of human rights, by the International Society of Lawyers; member of the Paraguayan Academy of the Language, of the Paraguayan History and of the Spanish History; finalist in the contest of merits for the granting of the "Príncipe de Asturias" prize and also "Doctor Honoris Causa" in the University of Asunción (1981); nominated for the award of the "Premio Cervantes", the greatest award for the Spanish Arts in the years 1989 and 1994, and that of honorary citizenship conferred by the Paraguayan parliament in 1998, among others.
Josefina Plá was a prolific writer, more than 60 published books what with poems, playwrights, short tales, essays, criticisms… she always believed that the best way to renew and enhance culture consisted of knowing how to combine research, creativity and teaching. So she set up the Municipal School of the Performing Arts, where she was teaching for twenty-two years, the centre "Arte Nuevo", and the Museum "Julián de la Herrería", and she also took part in the setting up of the Artistic and Literary group "Vy'a raity" (joy nest), whose main aim was that of taking the Paraguayan culture beyond its boundaries.
In FuerteCharter, by means of our boat trips from Corralejo, we don't just want to show you the natural charm surrounding us in the island of Fuerteventura, but we also want to show the history of this little big paradise.


In one of my previous companies, it happened from time to time I had the opportunity to do some R&D of experimental ideas.
What came out once, was, in my opinion, pretty neat. It never saw the light in production and I don't want this amount of work to be forgotten, so here is, after years, a still valid outline of a powerful impression tracking engine on iOS.
Before further reading, you should be familiar with AOP and you should read my previous article on Analytics on iOS.
Reasons for this are, for example, you want to collect data for the impressions to better sell ads. Prepare to read a lot of code to understand the overall design, not the implementation (for that you need quite some time).
I'll use an approach similar to the one used in git: working directory, staging area & index have been used for tracking and discarding impressions, I'll use these terms in this article to leverage the analogy.
ADBImpressionManager: holds a store with the impressions (ADBImpressionData objects). When asked for the impressions, it flushes the store and returns the retrieved objects. Could be a stack with push and pop operations. Using an analogy with Git, it's a way for clients to simulate moving stuff away from the "working directory" into something else (the "staging area").
ADBThreadSafeStore: a thread-safe store user by the ImpressionManager. Accesses must be serial as we are putting objects here according to UI events (when cells are displayed). UI is intrinsically non thread-safe so, better be cautious.
ADBImpressionTracker: responsible for actually sending the tracking events over to the service (e.g. Google Analytics).
Impressions are batched by the caller before being sent with trackImpressions:.
ADBImpressionDataEncoder: used to convert ADBImpressionData objects to a format that can be sent over to the service and in a form respecting a given specification.
ADBImpressionTrackingManager: this component (ITM) put all of the above (sub)components together. A root level object is the right place for creating it (if not the AppDelegate 😷, something near). An impression tracker, an impression manager and an impression data converter are passed-in as dependencies. A configuration (something similar to what proposed here, including selectors for start and end tracking) is used to perform the necessary AOP. The number of seconds necessary to consider an impression to be a valid is also provided. In git terms, what the commitAndPush does is 1. commit the impressions to the impression manager and 2. push them remotely.
When committing them to the impression manager we check for the startDate and endDate of the ADBImpressionData object to verify that the impression was on screen for at least impressionTime seconds, otherwise the impression is trashed away (simply ignored).
When pushing the impressions remotely we grab the impressions from the manager (that flushes the store afterwards) and send them via the tracking service (impressions are batched before being sent).
RepeatedTimer: a simple component encapsulating the logic to trigger calls to selector on an object every n seconds (it's nothing more than a wrapper on top of NSTimer, but much nicer to use).
Using the AOP approach we can (again, I'm not showing the implementation, let's just make the assumption it's possible) do things after some methods are called. If we consider the UITableView for our example, we want to AOP the tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath: to set the startDate property of an ADBImpressionData object and the tableView:didEndDisplayingCell:forRowAtIndexPath: for the endDate property. Given the configuration provided (names of the classes and the selectors to bind to the start and end date), the ImpressionTrackingManager can do the hard AOP/swizzling and business logic. An internal data structure is used to keep the 'working directory' of the impressions where keys are the tracked classes, values are mutable dictionaries. The keys of those dictionaries are index paths, the values are ImpressionData objects (but that's way far from the scope).
Commit actions must happen everytime an impression ends to avoid losing duplicate impressions of the same item.
Impressions that (for some reason) don't hit the end via end selectors configured in the configuration (for example, they are still on the screen) are still evaluated on the next commit & push cycle to check if the minimum time of an impression to be valid (MT) has been reached.
Commit & push cycles are triggered periodically and the interval for such period must strictly be greater than the MT.
The following diagram should explain how impressions are committed to the ImpressionManager and when they are pushed remotely via the ImpressionTracker.
There are way many aspects not discussed in this article that make the outlined design work but they would need a deeper analysis that would be too much to take in for a single reading. For instance, Extended Analytics Info (EAI) (via associated objects on NSObject+ADBAnalytics) can also be used.
With the necessary implementation in the ITM, it'd be possible to tie together tracking information for impression events. In order for the ITM to reach the objects enriched with extra information, the view controllers (classes provided in the AOP configuration) could implement the ADBImpressionsProtocol and return some transformation of the datasource objects displayed in the table/collection view.
It's quite a lot of code to digest, I know, but it should help to understand the overall design and how a solution to the original problem (something definitely not trivial) could be developed. With some crazy gymnastic and black magic, of course.


text:
Journals alphabetically
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Sociology and Space, Vol. 47 No. 1 (183), 2009
Original scientific paper
Social alienation of the Croatian Bunjevci in Vojvodina
Zlatko Šram ; Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies, Zagreb, Croatia
Fulltext: croatian, pdf (277 KB) pages 3-25 downloads: 720* cite
Šram, Z. (2009). Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini. Sociologija i prostor, 47 (1 (183)), 3-25. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742
Šram, Zlatko. "Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini." Sociologija i prostor, vol. 47, no. 1 (183), 2009, pp. 3-25. https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742. Accessed 20 Jan. 2021.
Šram, Zlatko. "Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini." Sociologija i prostor 47, no. 1 (183) (2009): 3-25. https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742
Šram, Z. (2009). 'Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini', Sociologija i prostor, 47(1 (183)), pp. 3-25. Available at: https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742 (Accessed 20 January 2021)
Šram Z. Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini. Sociologija i prostor [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2021 January 20];47(1 (183)):3-25. Available from: https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742
Z. Šram, "Socijalna alijenacija bunjevačkih Hrvata u Vojvodini", Sociologija i prostor, vol.47, no. 1 (183), pp. 3-25, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://hrcak.srce.hr/37742. [Accessed: 20 January 2021]
On a sample of the Croatian Bunjevci in Vojvodina we tried to establish whether social attitudes such as anomia, political distrust and interpersonal distrust correlated and formed the latent level of the social alienation structure of higher order. The second goal of our
research was the analysis of anomia, political distrust and interpersonal distrust as predictors of people's interest in politics. The third goal of the research was to find out how sociodemographic characteristics and subjective evaluation of the standard of living were
correlated with the social alienation of the higher order factor. The research was carried out on a sample of 484 adult (over 18 years old) respondents; half of them said their nationality was Croatian and the other half said they were "only" Bunjevci. The examined variables
turned out to be single factor constructs, showing high reliability according to the Cronbach Alfa coefficient. The factor analysis was based on the correlation matrix for anomia, political distrust and interpersonal distrust and pointed to the superfactor of social alienation. A multiple regression equation showed a negative correlation between interest in politics and political distrust but a positive correlation between interest in politics and anomia and
interpersonal distrust. The correlation analysis showed that respondents with lower education and "only" Bunjevci felt more socially alienated. Poor subjective evaluation of the living standard was a better predictor of social alienation than sociodemographic variables. The results of the research have confirmed our starting hypothesis that distrust of society, politics and fellow humans in general, presents a rather homogenous and coherent construct.
The regression equation variables show that in the psychosocial background of the interest in politics there are at the same time the syndrome of "hostile anomia" and "political integration" in the sense of connection between political trust and interest in politics. The research has also confirmed the hypothesis that education and subjective assessment of the living standard correlate with social alienation; this fact points to the importance of the socioeconomic factor when we look at the isolation and different forms of manipulation in the political and social life of the Croatian Bunjevci in Vojvodina.
social alienation;	anomia;	political distrust;	interpersonal distrust;	interest in politics;	Croatian Bunjevci;	Vojvodina
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text:
'Pacific Rim' Is Getting a Netflix Anime Series
The apocalypse has been canceled! Wait, maybe it's uncanceled? If the apocalypse is canceled, what are the jaegers going to have to do? Probably not much — so let's go with uncanceled for now.
Via press release, Netflix announced a slate of five new anime projects (both features and series), headlined by a small-screen, animated version of Pacific Rim. Guillermo del Toro, who directed the first film, isn't mentioned in the description of the project, though the series is being produced by Craig Kyle (Thor: Ragnarok) and Greg Johnson (X-Men: Evolution).
Here's the official synopsis:
Returning to the epic battle of Kaiju and Jaegers, this original anime series will expand upon the story of the first two live action movies and follow two siblings - an idealistic teenage boy and his naïve younger sister - who are forced to pilot an abandoned Jaeger across a hostile landscape in a desperate attempt to find their missing parents.
Other projects on Netflix's new anime slate include an anime Altered Carbon feature that is "set in the same universe" as the live-action show and will "explore new elements of the story mythology," a series from Full Metal Panic! director Koichi Chigira, and Yasuke, a samurai show featuring the voice of Lakeith Stanfield.
And so Netflix's inexorable, kaiju-like march toward total world domination in entertainment continues. At what point do we give up everything else and just cover Netflix? How does FlixCrush sound? Not bad, right?
Gallery - The Best Netflix Originals, Ranked:
Guillermo Del Toro Is Working for Netflix Now, Too
Source: 'Pacific Rim' Is Getting a Netflix Anime Series
Filed Under: Guillermo del Toro, Netflix, Pacific Rim


text:
Q: Reproduce character pattern as numeric pattern I would like to expand the following data frame
d <- data.frame(a = c(rep("A",5),rep("B",5),rep("C",3),rep("D",2)))

> d
   a
1  A
2  A
3  A
4  A
5  A
6  B
7  B
8  B
9  B
10 B
11 C
12 C
13 C
14 D
15 D

so that there is a column b looking like:
> d
   a b
1  A 1
2  A 1
3  A 1
4  A 1
5  A 1
6  B 2
7  B 2
8  B 2
9  B 2
10 B 2
11 C 3
12 C 3
13 C 3
14 D 4
15 D 4

Not really sure how to realise that.

A: Use match:
match(d$a, unique(d$a))

A: d$b <- as.integer(factor(d$a, levels=unique(d$a)))


Whether the law should permit voluntary euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide is one of the most vital questions facing all modern societies. Internationally, the main obstacle to legalisation has proved to be the objection that, even if they were morally acceptable in certain 'hard cases', voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide could not be effectively controlled; society would slide down a 'slippery slope' to the killing of patients who did not make a free and informed request, or for whom palliative care would have offered an alternative. How cogent is this objection? This book provides the general reader (who need have no expertise in philosophy, law or medicine) with a lucid introduction to this central question in the debate, not least by reviewing the Dutch euthanasia experience. It will interest all in any country whether currently for or against legalisation, who wish to ensure that their opinions are better informed.
The Dutch experience controlling VAE? condoning NVAE?


text:
Torrington volunteers at London award ceremony
Published: 9:01 AM December 5, 2009
A group of young Duke of Edinburgh Award volunteers from Torrington have attended a glittering London ceremony after being shortlisted for a prestigious national award. The Great Torrington Open Duke of Edinburgh award group, in partnership with Devon Cou
A group of young Duke of Edinburgh Award volunteers from Torrington have attended a glittering London ceremony after being shortlisted for a prestigious national award.
The Great Torrington Open Duke of Edinburgh award group, in partnership with Devon County Council's Youth Service, was among seven shortlisted for the Volunteering and Participation section of the award, hosted by Children and Young People Now Magazine in association with the Children's Workforce Development Council.
Laura Bennett, one of the young people from the group who attended the event, said: "Unfortunately we didn't win this year's award, but just to be nominated and shortlisted was a great honour and achievement for all. Keep up the hard work people and thank you for everyone who supported our group."
They evolved from a struggling small group working with Gold Achievers in 2006, to now one of the strongest Open Award Groups in the South West, offering Silver and Gold Awards and Bronze to those with special needs who may not get a chance to access the programme through schools.
In partnership with the county youth service the group runs a programme of training for keen Gold Award holders to stay on as young volunteer leaders.
Gold award holders are encouraged to participate in the group leadership on expeditions, as well as young people in the group talking on the roles of officers including chairman, treasurer and secretary.
Young volunteer leaders are encouraged to remain in the group by having the opportunity for fun and challenge through entering 45 and 55-mile teams into the Ten Tors challenge on Dartmoor, and by supporting both training and participation in the Jubilee Challenge for those with special needs. This year the Torrington group had two Jubilee entries.
Other activities have included a Community Climbing Club, set up and run by two gold award holders who have qualified as climbing wall leaders. Volunteers have also sponsored, advised and encouraged participants to go on Tall Ships races and a few this year have been successfully selected for the Trans-Atlantic race.
Councillor Andrea Davis, Devon County Council's Cabinet Member for Children and Young People's Health and Wellbeing, said: "This is a fantastic group, who have achieved an incredible amount, and so it is a tribute to their work to be nominated for this prestigious award.
"Many congratulations to them for beating off some very stiff competition in reaching this stage, and I hope they will continue to grow from strength to strength.