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Mirzapur Cadet College () is a Military high school in Tangail, Bangladesh. Like other cadet colleges it  follows the national curriculum prescribed by the National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) with English version and gives emphasis to extracurricular and co-curricular activities.

Location
Mirzapur Cadet College is situated at 90°9' east longitude and 24°5.3' north latitude. The Bangshi River runs through the east side of the college and on the south and south-west side the Barinda River flows. The Footjani River joins with Barinda River at the west side. It is on the edge of Tangail District, and the nearby Kaliakair Upazila in Gazipur District HQ is 3 km from the college. The college is 8 km south of Mirzapur town, 37 km south-east from Tangail city and 58 km north-west from the capital city, Dhaka.

History
After the establishment of Faujderhat Cadet College in Chittagong district and Jhenaidah Cadet College in the Khulna division the foundation of Momenshahi Cadet College (former name of Mirzapur Cadet College) was planned. The objective of the new college was to  prepare army officers for the Pakistan Army.

East Pakistan period
The then president of Pakistan Field Marshal Ayub Khan laid the foundation stone of Momenshahi Cadet College at the Mirzapur Upazila in the then Mymensingh District (now Tangail district) of Bangladesh on 29 November 1963. The foundation stone is still there on the wall of the main academic building of the college.

Major General Fazle Mukim Khan formally opened the college on 9 January 1965. The first principal was Mr. Michael William Pitt.

Academic activities started from that year with intakes in Classes 7, 8 and 9.

Liberation War period
After 7 March speech a violent procession by an angry mob entered the college campus on the 8th. Principal Wng Comd Sulaiman Haider Kayani closed the college then and sent all the cadets home. During the liberation war the college was opened in the first week of November 1971 with Mr Wahab as acting Principal.

Bangladesh period

Each year at thousands of  7th graders compete to earn the 50 seats available. Other cadet colleges were established after liberation war. Today there are 12 cadet colleges, including three for girls only.

Academic system
Cadets are enrolled in the seventh grade and continue their study for six years. The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) is the final examination to pass.

Each class generally has fifty students. The Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and the Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) examinations are administered under direct control of the Board of Education of Dhaka Division. Cadets secure top positions in board examinations each year. In this cadet college student apply for application to study .Written exam date of 2017: 6 January 2017

Departments

 Physics
 Chemistry
 Biology

 Mathematics
 Bengali
 English

 Economics
 Civics
 History

 Islamic Studies
 Arts and crafts
 Geography
 ICT

In accordance with the National Education Policy, Mirzapur offers only the science and humanities educational sections for the cadets from the 9th grade. However, the cadets are encouraged to study science.

Photo Gallery

Infrastructure

Museum

The museum is situated just beside the Arts and crafts and Geography department. Some items are:
 Pictures of the historical events regarding MCC and the cadet colleges in Bangladesh.
 A map of the college.
The curator is Naina Akhter, Head of the Department of Arts and Crafts.

Dining hall
All cadets take their meals together in the dining hall. There are separate seating facilities for the prefects and the duty master generally known as the " High Table". Five meals are served every day.Dining hall prefect from class 12 nominatated by college authority lead the dining hall.

Houses

When the academic activities of the college started on 9 January 1965, there were only two houses - Jinnah (now Fazlul Huq House) and Liaqat (now Suhrawardy House) for students' accommodation. Later Ayub House (now Nazrul House) was constructed to accommodate more students. Points are awarded to houses on the basis of different house competitions. At the end of the year house championship is determined depending on total house points.

 Fazlul Haque House: is the first house and initially  named "Jinnah House". After the independence of Bangladesh the current name was chosen. The motto of the house is Search, Struggle, Victory. The house color is blue and the symbol is a tiger. It is also called Tiger's' Den.
 Suhrawardy House: is the middle house, named after the leader of Bangladesh Hussein Shahid Suhrawardy. The house color is red. The motto of this house is "Vini Vidi Vici". Initially, the house was named "Liaqat House".
 Nazrul House: is the green house, named after the national poet of Bangladesh, Kazi Nazrul Islam. The house logo is lion and so the house is also called Lion Castle. The motto of this house is 'Ever Erect is my Head', a line of a poem of Kazi Nazrul Islam. Initially, the house was named "Ayub House".

Mosque
There is a central air conditioned mosque where all the cadets say their evening prayers. The cadets also says their Jumma prayer there.

Hospital
Mirzapur Cadet College has a hospital for cadets and for employees. A full-time doctor from the Army Medical Corps is appointed along with assistants. All the medicines are free of cost. The hospital is open 24 hours to accommodate any special needs.

Critical cases are directly referred to the Combined Military Hospital (CMH) in Saver Cantonment.

Designer

The MCC Campus was designed by the architect Mr. Thariani.

Library

The college library is named Shahid Khurshid Smriti Granthagar, after the martyr of the Liberation War of Bangladesh who was a cadet of the college. There is a portrait of Khurshid Ali on the wall of the library.

The library has 18000 books, and daily newspapers and weekly magazines are available.

Clubs and societies
 Quranic Society : Members practice recitation of the Quran and are taught principles and significance of the verses revealed to Muhammad. They also study the lifestyle of Muhammad.
 Bangla Literary and Cultural Society : Members explore Bengali literature. They practice acting by playing characters portrayed by Bengali dramatists. Also poetry recitation, debate and extempore speeches are practiced.
 English Society : The society generates enthusiasm for English language and literature and further the cadet's ability to use English. Members practice recitation, elocution, public speaking and debate.
 Geography Society
 Hiking Club
 Photography Club
 Biology Club
 Natural Study Club
 Physics Club
 Chemistry Club
 Computer Club
 First Aid Club
 Wood Work Club
 Music Club : The members of this club practice and play instruments under the guidance of a music teacher. It includes practice on Tagore song, Nazrul song, Rural (Bangla-পল্লী) song, modern song, classical song and band song as well.
 General Knowledge and Current Affairs Club
 Arts and Crafts Club
 Robotics and Programming Club
 ROAR- Enlighten, Entertain, Encourage : ROAR is an independent public speaking platform organized on a monthly basis, by cadets

First administration
 Principal: Mr. Michael William Pitt
 Adjutant: Captain Sayed Ali Ansar
 Doctor: Dr. Hafizul Hasan
 Vice Principal: Professor A Wahab
 House Masters:
 Jinnah (now Fazlul Huq) House: Mr. Abdul Gafur
 Liaquat (now Suhrawardy) House: Mr. Saifuddin Ahmed
 Ayub (now Nazrul) House: Mr. Masud Hasan
 OIC, Dining Hall: Mr. R M M Yakub
 Senior Cadet: Jahangir Haque (also called College Captain, now entitled as College Prefect)
 College Cultural Prefect: Ziaur Rahman
 College Dining Hall Prefect: M M Matin
 House Leaders:
 Fazlul Huq House: Zia Uddin Ahmed
 Suhrawardy House: Zia Uddin Ahmed
 Nazrul House: Yousuf Habibur Rahman
 Official activities began from: 7 January 1965

Current administration
 Principal: Group Captain Md. Noor-e-Alam,afwc, psc, ATC
 Vice Principal: Mr. Md. Kamruzzaman
 Adjutant: Major Abu Saleh Md. Yahya, BIR
 Medical Officer: Capt. Md Alauddin Saddam, AMC
 OIC, Dining Hall: Md Samsuzzaman
 College Prefect: Cadet Tanbir
 House Leaders:'''
 Fazlul Huq House: Cadet Didar
 Suhrawardy House: Cadet Hasan
 Nazrul House: Cadet Ashik

Notable alumni

Government and military
 Lieutenant General Sina Ibn Jamali,(retd), last served as Commandant of the National Defense College,
 Major General(Retd.) Md Saiful Abedin
 Atiur Rahman, economist, former governor of Bangladesh Bank,
 General Md Abdul Mubeen, Chief of Army Staff of the Bangladesh Army.

Arts and literature
 Alamgir, pop singer
 Shahaduz Zaman (Notable writer of Bangladesh and a medical anthropologist working at the university of Glasgow)
 G H Habib (Famous Translator and also a teacher of the University of Chittagong)

Education
 Dr. Mahbubur Rahman Syed (Ex-Head, Department of CSE, BUET)

External links

 Mirzapur Cadet College, website maintained by Bangladesh Army

Military high schools
1963 establishments in East Pakistan
Educational institutions established in 1963
Cadet colleges in Bangladesh
Schools in Tangail District
Educational Institutions affiliated with Bangladesh Army


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text:
FROM LEFT: Oluwo of Iwo, Oba Abdulrasheed Adewale; Representative of Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, Dr Femi Majekodunmi; Facilitator, Chief Abiola Ogundokun, and a Guest Lecturer, Dr Comfort Momoh, during a Summit on Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation organised for Circumcision Descendants Association Of Nigeria, in Ibadan On Monday (23/5/16). 3763/23/5/2016/OEA/HB/BJO/NAN
Obasanjo advocates national legislation to end female genital mutilation
Former President Olusegun Obasanjo has called for a national legislation against female genital mutilation.
Mr. Obasanjo made the appeal in his keynote address delivered on his behalf by Femi Majekodunmi, a medical doctor, at the International Summit on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting, at the Mapo Hall in Ibadan on Monday.
The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the summit was organised by the Circumcision Descendants Association of Nigeria (Oloola).
FGM comprises all procedures that intentionally and specifically alter or cause injury to female genital organ.
Mr. Obasanjo described FGM as a heinous crime against womanhood, the community and humanity.
He said FGM was a deeply rooted practice in Africa, Middle East and Asia where over 200 million girls and women were affected and more than three million girls were estimated to be at risk annually.
"A degradation of one is degradation of all; FGM has no known benefits, it is known to be harmful to girls and women in many ways.
"It is a violation of the rights of women and young girls who have no say on the matter," he said.
According to him, FGM is entrenched in the culture of many people in Nigeria and there is presently no federal law against it.
"FGM has been declared as a violation of human rights by the World Health Organisation, and the UN General Assembly in 2012 adopted a resolution on the Elimination of Female Genital Mutilation.
"Nigeria is a signatory to international laws against FGM and only nine states in the federation have thus far legislated against it.
"There is therefore an urgent need for total eradication and abolition of FGM in Nigeria and ultimately globally," he said.
The Chairman of the Circumcision Descendants Association of Nigeria, Abiola Ogundokun, said about 20 million women between the age of 15 and 49 had undergone FGM in the country.
Mr. Ogundokun said that the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) reported that Osun State had the highest FGM prevalence rate followed by Ebonyi and Ekiti states.
"Study shows that FGM in some instances is used to generate income for practitioners under the guise of preserving and continuing values and rituals.
"In some communities it is even allowed under death if the woman was not circumcised as practised in cultures where it is not done after death," he said.
He called on circumcision practitioners to collaborate with other organisations to prevent the persistence of the dangerous act.
The Wife of the Osun State Governor, Sherifat Aregbesola, represented by Kafayat Oyetola, called on her counterparts in Oyo, Ekiti and Lagos states on championing advocacy and sensitisation campaigns to stop FGM.
"Findings indicate that the practice is most prevalent in Yorubaland especially in Osun, Oyo, Ekiti and Lagos states.
"Given the statistics arising from the findings, when we leave this summit, we should commence in a vibrant way, a neighbour to neighbour campaign to stop FGM.
"This will help to create awareness about the dangers that FGM constitutes to individuals and to our society.
"We have to start now as delay means more and more of our girls would be subjected to this health danger," she said.
Comfort Momoh, an international expert in FGM, said it could cause cysts, infection, infertility and complications in childbirth.
Mrs. Momoh said FGM could also cause psychological, physical and could ultimately lead to death.
Price of Petrol to fall soon, VP Osinbajo says
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Court overrules Nigerian govt on lawyer's access to Dasuki

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Solomon's Key (ソロモンの鍵 Soromon no Kagi) è un videogioco arcade di tipo rompicapo a piattaforme, con protagonista un mago che raccoglie tesori dalle miniere di re Salomone e ha la capacità di creare e cancellare le piattaforme.
Venne pubblicato nel 1986 dalla Tecmo e uscirono poi conversioni per i computer Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Commodore 64, PC IBM (PC booter) e ZX Spectrum e per le console NES, Famicom Disk System e Sega Master System.

La versione per Amiga non è ufficiale e venne realizzata con il reverse engineering nel 2013. Il gioco in versione emulata uscì per diverse piattaforme più moderne all'interno di raccolte di classici come Tecmo Classic Arcade, Tecmo Hit Parade e la serie Arcade Archive per PlayStation 4.

Solomon's Key ebbe alcuni seguiti non arcade: Solomon's Club (1991) per Game Boy, Fire 'n Ice (1992) per NES, e Monster Rancher Explorer (Solomon: Cox Adventure of the White Tower in Giappone, 2000), un remake per Game Boy Color.

Modalità di gioco
Il gioco è composto da una serie di livelli, ciascuno una singola schermata di 15x12 caselle che possono essere occupate da blocchi solidi che costituiscono le piattaforme. Per superare un livello è necessario raccogliere la chiave che apre l'uscita e quindi raggiungere la porticina.

Il giocatore controlla il mago che può correre e saltare sopra blocchi, e con la bacchetta magica può creare o distruggere a volontà un blocco in una delle caselle circostanti, a fianco o verso il basso. Solo alcuni blocchi di diverso colore sono fissi e indistruttibili. Bisogna quindi costruirsi la giusta strada per raggiungere la chiave e la porta, evitando i nemici e raccogliendo altri tesori.

In ogni livello si aggirano vari tipi di creature mostruose che fanno perdere una vita al mago se lo toccano. Alcuni nemici vagano meccanicamente, mentre altri sono più intelligenti e cercano di inseguire l'esploratore. Alcuni fluttuano, altri camminano e possono essere eliminati togliendogli un blocco da sotto i piedi per farli precipitare.
Ogni livello ha anche un limite di tempo, esaurito il quale si perde una vita.

Ci sono molti tesori sparsi nei livelli, a volte nascosti nei blocchi. Alcuni tesori appaiono anche dove apparentemente non c'era nulla, creando e poi eliminando un blocco.
Certi tipi di tesori danno soltanto punteggio, altri conferiscono bonus, in particolare si può ottenere la capacità di sparare palle di fuoco che viaggiano lungo muri e piattaforme ed eliminano i nemici.
Un altro importante bonus sono le fate, che si muovono per lo schermo, e raccogliendone un certo numero si vince una vita.

In alcuni livelli appaiono messaggi rompicapo in inglese, se si riesce a capire e svolgere ciò che richiedono si ottiene l'accesso a livelli bonus.
Ci sono in tutto 48 livelli nell'originale arcade, esclusi quelli bonus, ma possono essere meno nelle conversioni, ad esempio su Commodore 64 sono solo 20.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate
 Tang Tang

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Our founder, Martina Zupan was honoured to be awarded with an Entrepreneurial Spirit Award at the Converge Challenge this month, alongside two other fantastic female entrepreneurs, Saskia Goeres and Ruth McLaren.
"Running a start-up means a lot of ups and downs – and to make it through the downs, having an entrepreneurial spirit is vital.
I'm delighted that through the Converge Challenge competition my determination and passion for making a positive environmental change didn't go unnoticed.
Other ECCI winners, including the top winner can be seen here.
The recognition and support for women in business is rising and we are very excited about it!


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Empowering women farmers of Rwanda through mobile technology
Farmers in Rwanda now know the exact size of their land, can better forecast production and access markets through digital, mobile-enabled platform supported by UN Women and World Food Programme. What's more, the programme is bridging gender equality gaps in agriculture and ensuring women's equal participation in the value chain.
Farmers in Rwanda use the mobile platform to connect to the agricultural supply chain via text messages. Photo: UN Women
In Gasovu, Muhanga District, a small village in Rwanda's Southern Province, if you walk past the fields of maize mid-day, you'll find women farmers sitting in a circle, using their smartphones as they take a break. But they are not checking Facebook updates or Twitter streams; they are getting crucial weather and market information that will help them grow and sell their crops. And, it's revolutionizing their farming and marketing skills.
"Before, we used to struggle to know the exact size of our land," says Christine Mukarukundo, a maize farmer and member of the Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative in Muhanga district. "As a result, farmers were unable to predict their level of production, which made negotiating with buyers and financial institutions difficult."
Through a digital, mobile-enabled "Buy from Women" platform, farmers can know the exact size of their land and forecast the production. The platform connects small holder farmers (men and women) to the agricultural supply and value chain and provides them with critical information on weather, market prices and incoming opportunities via text messages.
Farmers in Gasovu, Muhanga District, a small village in Rwanda's Southern Province. Photo: UN Women
UN Women, in partnership with World Food Programme's Patient Procurement Platform (PPP), launched this innovative platform in June 2016, and it will be implemented in 10 cooperatives over the course of the next nine months. In total, 699 women from two farming cooperatives in Gatsibo district in Eastern Province and one in Muhanga district in Southern Province have already registered. The registration process for the platform includes a mapping of farmers' land plots, which is then used to generate a yield forecast.
The platform improves farmers' capacity to produce marketable surplus, provides real time financial information and increases their market access, especially for women farmers, who were traditionally not involved in all parts of the value chain. Now both women and men farmers can negotiate better deals with buyers and financial institutions. In fact, some participating cooperatives have already signed advance contracts with reputed buyers, such as the Rwanda Grains and Cereals Corporation.
"We used to sign contracts with buyers and not be able to meet its terms, especially related to supplies, because farmers would sell part of their produce on the side. Now with this system, everyone will know in advance the quantity of produce that he or she is required to bring at the Cooperative, and this will motivate everyone to meet the requirement and aim to produce surplus," explains Beatrice Mukanoheli, another member and adviser of the Tuzamurane Cyeza Cooperative.
With real-time information that the platform provides, farmers are also able to make better decisions to adapt to climate variability by adjusting the planting time and making better use of fertilizers.
Ambassador Pan Hejun of China (pictured at left) visited the Buy from Women programme site along with UN officials. Photo: UN Women/Tumaini Ochieng
The programme, currently in its pilot phase, has received financial support from the Government of China. Visiting the programme site, Ambassador of China, Mr. Pan Hejun said, "China is committed to providing technical support to Rwanda, especially in relation to technology development in agriculture. Agriculture is an important sector to the Chinese economy as it is in Rwanda."
By focusing on women's empowerment, the programme is also educating farmers on gender equality issues, with the aim of bridging the gender gap in agriculture and ensuring women's equal participation in all areas of the value chain, including in the front line negotiations and decision-making. Following the harvest season and assessment of the programme next year, UN Women plans to scale it up in other parts of Rwanda.
From where I stand: "I'm the first woman in my family to own property"
Empowering women farmers in Rwanda to grow better crops, better food and incomes
Women's cooperatives boost agriculture and savings in rural Ethiopia
Mango farmers in Kenya get access to new technology to counter post-harvest losses
Press release: UN Initiative to boost resilience of women and youth in the Sahel through climate-smart agriculture launched at One Planet Summit


Up until I did the Haute Route with my friend Craig, a regular day in the backcountry was maybe 1500 to 2500 feet of elevation gain. On occasion we went further and higher depending upon whether we were with my kids or not and where we were; there are incredible places to go in the Cascades that are lower elevations. Usually we try to get to amazing places and enjoy the journey - but sometimes it's all about reaching a goal and really pushing ourselves. We'll do a tough day hike especially if we are lucky enough to spend two nights in the same camp. Craig will always find a summit somewhere and encourage me to climb with him. I never say no.
The Haute Route is a well known trek across the Alps from Chamonix, France (within view of Mt. Blanc) to Zermatt, Switzerland and ending on the Matterhorn. It follows a stretch of the Tour du Mont Blanc, another famous trek. Craig and I thought this would be challenging but fun. It ended up to be much harder than we thought and quite the reach physically. The trek covers 115 miles as you hike over passes, or cols, in the Alps and stay the night at the top in a hut or at the bottom in a small village, all of which have fountains of drinking water in the center for villagers and hikers alike! Both were absolutely amazing adventures but it was what we saw in between that really blew our minds, from the views to the wildlife. I think the best part was meeting people from all over the world doing that same trek. Anyone that started their hike on the same day would be roughly on the same itinerary for two weeks, even if we never saw anyone on the trail during the day. At night we would all meet up and go over the stats of the day and plan out the trail for the next; it was extraordinary and we still keep in touch with some of the people we met there.
The summer of 2014 was a cool and rainy one in Europe. In fact, we awoke at the top of one pass in our hut - just three of us staying there that night - to find it had snowed overnight. On July 30th! The Haute Route has substantial signage along the way at important junctions but the primary path is that of colored arrows painted on stones along the way - and now they were covered! It was absolutely stunning but we had to wait until lines of communication opened up for the rangers to get us a weather report before we risked heading out for the day, wearing whatever warm clothing we had for this surprise storm.
One day in particular we knew would be a long one - we had three cols to climb, a total of 5500' of elevation gain. Each pass is pretty strenuous, very steep and some dangerous. Snow can make rocks slippery and sometimes we were on ledges (I did not especially enjoy that). The second col required us to climb an incredible steep boulder face followed by an even steeper scree slope - so steep that steel chains were installed at the top because there was no other way to get up to the top aside from pulling yourself up, it was that vertical. We were already pretty tired by that point and I was at a breaking point. When I finally got to the top of that col, I found that it was only about 10 square feet and then it descended steeply down the other side.
Something about the alps had my equilibrium all out of whack; I had some difficulty with balance and that small area perched way up high and between two incredibly steep trails only added to my discomfort that day. You can see just how unhappy I was 2/3 of the way through that day and the rise to that second col in the two pics above. Amazingly, the people in the remote villages are so used to the altitude and steep climbs - some village streets required the use of our hiking poles, they were that steep - and it was common to have people in their 70's passing us by on their day hikes up to an alpine destination! It was incredibly inspiring...and remarkably humbling!!
Craig, who I met in college when I was only 18, is the most generous hiking and backpacking companion in addition to being strong and knowledgable. I trust him implicitly in the backcountry and he knew on this day that I was at the end of my rope. I was encouraged to see that he, too, was exhausted - it wasn't just me that had been pushed to the limit. We did have emergency camping equipment with us and he offered to stop anywhere along the trail if I hit the end of the rope. He also knows that failure is not an option for me and though the final push to the hut was a steep uphill (really?), I made it. When we had calculated the elevation gain for the day and realized it was a personal best for both of us, I gave myself a break. There really is nothing else quite like making your way across the Alps, up and over mountain passes. No regrets, and of course to spend it with my friend of more than thirty years was the absolute best part of it.
We both had our ups and downs on that trip - Craig got very ill in the middle of the trip so when he was down and out I went out for a day hike alone. Sometimes just being way out there is all you need.


text:
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text:
Q: How to retry some methods several seconds, and when timeout throw the method's exception rather than TimeoutException in selenium? I want to make a select element to select an option. But the option may not exist when the page loaded. Because the options is loading from the database, API, or something that has response time.
Currently, I use selenium wait.until with boolean condition. To make a custom wait method.
My workaround:
                                                     .
                                                     .
                                                     .
String exceptionMessage;

public void myCode() throws Exception {
        exceptionMessage = "";
        Integer sec = 10;
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(shared.getBrowser(), Duration.ofSeconds(sec));
        try {
            wait.until(new ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
                public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
                    try {
                                                     .
                                                     .
                                                     .

                        CommonMethods.selectOption(element, optionText);
                        return true;
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        exceptionMessage = e.getMessage();
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            });
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            throw new Exception("Timeout: [" + sec + "] seconds, Exception message: [" + exceptionMessage + "]");
        }
}

If timeout the result will be:
java.lang.Exception: Timeout: [10] seconds, Exception message: [element not visible: Element is not currently visible and may not be manipulated

Is there any selenium method for it? Or a better way?

A: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.xpath(" xpath']")));

Use unique Xpath to find the elements as there will some hidden elements.
If the above wait doesn't work, you can try the below as well:
new WebDriverWait(Driver,TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)).Until(ExpectedConditions.ElementIsVisible("Yyour element path");

A: I don't think you need as much as you've got in there.
My c# is better than my java, but this is the sort of structure i would use.
I've run it in intellij and it seems to work - but i don't have your actions and site to test it.
@Test
    public void myCode() throws Exception {
        exceptionMessage = "";
        Integer sec = 10;
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, sec);
        try {
            wait.until((WebDriver dr) ->
            {
                    try {
                        //Your actions go here
                        //this one will always fail - comment it out to make it pass
                        dr.findElement(By.tagName("I will fail you!")).click();
                        return true;
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        exceptionMessage = e.getMessage();
                        return false;
                    }

            });
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            throw new Exception("Timeout: [" + sec + "] seconds, Exception message: [" + exceptionMessage + "]");
        }
        System.out.println("The exception message is.... " + exceptionMessage);
    }

I've just thrown in an obvious failing element.
With this uncommented:
 dr.findElement(By.tagName("I will fail you!")).click();

It returns your timeout error catch line. I get:

java.lang.Exception: Timeout: 1 seconds, Exception message: [no such
element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css
selector","selector":"I\ will\ fail\ you!"}   (Session info:
chrome=84.0.4147.105)

With it commented out - it returns nothing in the exception message (therefore returned true, therefore returned pass):

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The effects of ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists and statins on preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation
A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
Jia, Qiulei PhDa; Han, Wenbing PhDb; Shi, Shuqing PhDa; Hu, Yuanhui PhDa,∗
aDepartment of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
bEmergency Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
∗Correspondence: Yuanhui Hu, Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China (e-mail: [email protected]).
Abbreviations: ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ADEs/ADRs = adverse drug events/reactions, AF = atrial fibrillation, ARB = angiotensin receptor block, GRADE = grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation, MAR = missing at random, MCAR = missing completely at random, MNAR = missing not at random, NMA = network meta-analysis, non-AADs = non-antiarrhythmic drugs, OR = odds ratio, RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, RCT = randomized controlled trial, SD = standard deviation, SMD = standard mean difference, SUCRA = surface under the cumulative ranking curve.
How to cite this article: Jia Q, Han W, Shi S, Hu Y. The effects of ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists and statins on preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine. 2021;100:1(e24280).
QJ and WH are share co-first authorship.
This study was supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No.7172188). The funders had no role in the study design in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data.
There is no patient or public involvement in the development of this manuscript.
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are publicly available.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias, and is high relative to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AF-related complications and treatment costs bring about huge health burden, therefore the prevention recurrence of AF is imperative. "Upstream therapy" refers to the use of non-antiarrhythmic drugs (non-AADs) that modify the atrial substrate or target-specific mechanisms of AF to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of the arrhythmia. RAAS Blockers, aldosterone receptor antagonists and statins have an effect on preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation. This protocol is designed for systematic review and network meta-analysis, which will assess comparative effects and safety of various non-antiarrhythmic drugs in preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation.
The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched from inception to Aug 31, 2020 to identify relevant studies. The Cochrane "Risk of bias" tool will be used to assess the methodological quality of eligible studies. The pair-wise meta-analysis will be performed by STATA 14.0 software. The network meta-analysis will be implemented in a Bayesian framework using Win BUGS 1.4.3 and the package "gemtc" V.0.8.1 of R-3.6.2 software. The network plots will be drawn using STATA 14.0 software. A comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to assess the publication bias using STATA 14.0 software. Quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
The results of this network meta-analysis will determine the preventive effect and rank ordering of these interventions for recurrence of AF. The report will follow the PRISMA checklist for network meta-analysis.
This network meta-analysis will provide comprehensive evidence-based information in clinical practice.
Inplasy registration number:
INPLASY202090004.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality,[1] stroke,[2] heart failure, cognitive impairment,[3] as well as decreased quality of life.[4] The estimated numbers of adults with AF in Europe are 8 million, and about 3 to 5 million people are currently affected by AF.[5,6] The annual incidence of AF in Asian is 5.38 per 1000 person-years.[7] With the prolongation of life span, its prevalence is expected to double in the next 50 years.[8] On the other hand, the management of patients with AF is costly. Direct-cost is about $2000 −14,200 per patient-year in the USA and between €450 to 3000 in Europe, which is equivalent to other chronic conditions such as diabetes.[9] More than half of these expenses for AF are consisted of hospitalization costs, accounting for 52% to 72% of the total cost.[10,11,12] In consideration its rising prevalence and substantial financial burden on health services, the prevention of AF and integrated management is the urgent need for healthcare systems. Catheter ablation is widely used in preventing recurrent AF,[13] but it is difficult to predict the rhythm outcome of the patients undergoing catheter ablation therapy.[14,15] Severe complications of catheter ablation occurred in 5% to 7% of patients, and 2% to 3% will experience life-threatening but usually manageable complications,[16,17,18,19] thus pharmacotherapy is still the essential treatment for atrial fibrillation.
"Upstream therapy" was first proposed in 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation, which refers to the use of non-antiarrhythmic drugs (non-AADs) that modify the atrial substrate or target-specific mechanisms of AF to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of the arrhythmia.[20] It is generally known that AF can lead to electrical modifications and structural atrial remodeling represented essentially by a shortening and dispersion of the action potential, atrial enlargement and fibrosis, which make the restoration of the sinus rhythm and its subsequent maintenance more difficult. Upstream therapy aims to counter and/or delay structural atrial remodelling, such as fibrosis, hypertrophy, inflammation, oxidative stress, but effects on atrialion channels, gap junctions, and calcium handling are also evident.[21] As the research on upstream therapy of AF constantly goes deeper, the main research focuses on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor block (ARB), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRAS) and statins.[22]
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) promotes structural atrial remodeling, and angiotensin II is up-regulated in AF.[23,24] Aldosterone causes a substrate for atrial arrhythmias characterized by atrial fibrosis, myocyte hypertrophy, and conduction disturbances.[25] It is reported that a decrease in aldosterone levels have been reported in the AF patients with longer sinus rhythm maintenance after successful cardioversion.[26] Statins have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that can prevent atrial remodeling.[27] Evidence from animal studies showed that simvastatin decreases atrial fibroblast proliferation and reduces electric remodeling.[28,29]
There have been several systematic reviews demonstrated the preventive effect of ACEIs, ARBs, MRAs and statins on recurrent AF,[30,31,32] whose controlled intervention was either placebo or conventional treatment. Traditional systematic reviews present pairwise "head to head" comparisons, which cannot compare the effect of multiple treatments simultaneously, making it difficult to assess which interventions work best. Network meta-analysis (NMA) can be used to undertake both direct and indirect comparisons of various interventions and rank ordering of the interventions, covering the shortage of pair-wise analysis. Therefore, we plan to conduct the systematic review and NMA to assess comparative effects and safety of these non-antiarrhythmic drugs in preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation.
This network meta-analysis has been prospectively registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) (INPLASY202090004 Available from https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-9-0004/). A protocol for systematic review and Bayesian NMA will be performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline.[33]
2.2 Criteria for considering studies for this review
2.2.1 Types of studies
Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported as comparing ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists, or statin combined with standard therapy for AF with placebo, or no drug combined with standard therapy will be included in this study. We will only include parallel-group trials, cluster-randomized trials, and cross-over trials will be excluded.
2.2.2 Types of participants
Patients aged 18 years or older, of both sexes, diagnosed with paroxysmal AF or persistent AF treated with electrical cardioversion will be included. The diagnostic criteria for AF will be referred to the 2016 European society of cardiology criteria for the clinical diagnosis of AF[34] and the AHA/ACC/HRS 2019 guidelines for the management of patients with AF.[35]
2.2.3 Types of interventions
We will include studies comparing the effects of ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists and statins combined with standard therapy for AF (rate control, anticoagulants and antiarrhythmic) respectively with placebo, or no drug combined with standard therapy. Studies that compared different dosages of any intervention above will be excluded. The drug in combination with standard therapy will not contain ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists or statins.
2.2.4 Types of outcome measures
We will include studies that reported at least one of the following outcomes.
The primary outcome is the time to a first electrocardiographically confirmed recurrence of atrial fibrillation. The secondary outcomes are
1. left atrial dimension in echocardiography;
2. adverse drug events/reactions (ADEs/ADRs).
2.3 Search methods for identification of studies
Searches for published RCTs will be undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). We will screen reference lists of previously published meta-analyses. We will also undertake searches for published, unpublished and ongoing studies in ClinicalTrials.gov. Including unpublished data may decrease publication bias. The following search terms will be used: "atrial fibrillation", "Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors", "Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists", "Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors", and "Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists". Our detailed search strategy for the different databases is outlined in Tables 1–3. Because of the language barrier, the search will be restricted to trials published in English. There are no restrictions on the types of study.
Table 1 - Search criteria for the systematic review: MEDLINE.
Step Keywords (including MeSH words)
#1 (atrial fibrillation [MeSH Terms]) OR (Atrial Fibrillations) OR (Fibrillation, Atrial) OR (Fibrillations, Atrial) OR (Auricular Fibrillation) OR (Auricular Fibrillations) OR (Fibrillation, Auricular) OR (Fibrillations, Auricular) OR (Persistent Atrial Fibrillation) OR (Atrial Fibrillation, Persistent) OR (Atrial Fibrillations, Persistent) OR (Fibrillation, Persistent Atrial) OR (Fibrillations, Persistent Atrial) OR (Persistent Atrial Fibrillations) OR (Familial Atrial Fibrillation) OR (Atrial Fibrillation, Familial) OR (Atrial Fibrillations, Familial) OR (Familial Atrial Fibrillations) OR (Fibrillation, Familial Atrial) OR (Fibrillations, Familial Atrial) OR (Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation) OR (Atrial Fibrillation, Paroxysmal) OR (Atrial Fibrillations, Paroxysmal) OR (Fibrillation, Paroxysmal Atrial) OR (Fibrillations, Paroxysmal Atrial) OR (Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillations)
#2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors [MeSH Terms]) OR (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) OR (Inhibitors, Kininase II) OR (Kininase II Antagonists) OR (Kininase II Inhibitors) OR (Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) OR (Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) OR (Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) OR (Antagonists, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) OR (Antagonists, Kininase II) OR (Inhibitors, ACE) OR (ACE Inhibitors) OR (Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) OR (Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting) OR (Inhibitors, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) OR (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Antagonists) OR (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Antagonists) OR (Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting)
#3 (Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists [MeSH Terms]) OR (Antagonists, Angiotensin Receptor) OR (Receptor Antagonists, Angiotensin) OR (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers) OR (Receptor Blockers, Angiotensin) OR (Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists) OR (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)
#4 (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors[MeSH Terms]) OR (Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductase Inhibitors) OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase) OR (Reductase Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA) OR (Inhibitors, HMG-CoA Reductase) OR (Inhibitors, HMG CoA Reductase) OR (Reductase Inhibitors, HMG-CoA) OR (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors) OR (HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors) OR (Statins, HMG-CoA) OR (HMG-CoA Statins) OR (Statins, HMG CoA) OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA) OR (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Inhibitors) OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA) OR (Statins) OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A) OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme A) OR (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Inhibitors)
#5 (Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists [MeSH Terms]) OR (Antagonists, Mineralocorticoid Receptor) OR (Receptor Antagonists, Mineralocorticoid) OR (Mineralocorticoid Antagonists) OR (Antagonists, Mineralocorticoid) OR (Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists) OR (Antagonists, Aldosterone Receptor) OR (Receptor Antagonists, Aldosterone) OR (Aldosterone Antagonists) OR (Antagonists, Aldosterone)
#6 #1 and #2
#10 #6 or #7 or #8 or #9
Table 2 - Search criteria for the systematic review: EMBASE.
#1 "atrial fibrillation"/exp
#2 "atrium fibrillation": ab,ti OR "auricular fibrillation": ab,ti OR "auricular fibrillation": ab,ti OR "cardiac atrial fibrillation": ab,ti OR "cardiac atrium fibrillation": ab,ti OR "fibrillation, heart atrium": ab,ti OR "heart atrial fibrillation": ab,ti OR "heart atrium fibrillation": ab,ti OR "heart fibrillation atrium": ab,ti OR "non-valvular atrial fibrillation": ab,ti OR "nonvalvular atrial fibrillation": ab,ti
#3 "dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor"/exp
#4 "ace inhibitor": ab,ti OR "angiotensin converting enzyme inhibiting agent": ab,ti OR "angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor": ab,ti OR "angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors": ab,ti OR "angiotensin i converting enzyme inhibitor": ab,ti OR "angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors": ab,ti OR "converting enzyme inhibitor": ab,ti OR "dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase i inhibitor": ab,ti OR "kininase ii inhibitor": ab,ti OR "peptidyl dipeptidase inhibitor": ab,ti OR 'peptidyldipeptide hydrolase inhibitor':ab,ti
#5 "angiotensin receptor antagonist"/exp
#6 "angiotensin ii receptor antagonist": ab,ti OR "angiotensin ii receptor antagonists": ab,ti OR "angiotensin ii receptor blocker": ab,ti OR "angiotensin ii receptor blockers": ab,ti OR "angiotensin ii receptor blocking agent": ab,ti OR "angiotensin ii receptor blocking agents": ab,ti OR "angiotensin receptor antagonists": ab,ti OR "angiotensin receptor blocker": ab,ti OR "angiotensin receptor blockers": ab,ti OR "angiotensin receptor blocking agent": ab,ti OR "angiotensin receptor blocking agents": ab,ti
#7 "hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitor"/exp
#8 "hmg coa reductase inhibitor": ab,ti OR "hmg coa reductase inhibitors": ab,ti OR "hmg coenzyme a reductase inhibitor": ab,ti OR "hmg-coa reductase inhibitors": ab,ti OR "hydroxymethylglutaryl coa reductase inhibitors": ab,ti OR "hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa reductase inhibitors": ab,ti OR (statin: ab,ti AND drug: ab,ti) OR statins: ab,ti OR vastatin: ab,ti
#9 "mineralocorticoid antagonist"/exp
#10 "antimineralocorticoid": ab,ti OR "mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists": ab,ti
#11 #1 OR #2
#15 #9 OR #10
#16 #11 AND #12
#20 #16 or #17 or #18 or #19
#21 #20 AND [embase]/lim NOT [medline]/lim
Table 3 - Search criteria for the systematic review: The Cochrane Library.
#1 (auricular fibrillation): ti,ab,kw OR (atrium fibrillation):ti,ab,kw OR (auricular fibrilation): ti,ab,kw (Word variations have been searched)
#2 atrial fibrillation
#3 #1 or #2
#4 MeSH descriptor: [Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors] explode all trees
#5 (Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors): ti,ab,kw OR (Kininase II Antagonists): ti,ab,kw OR (Kininase II Inhibitors):ti,ab,kw OR (ACE Inhibitors): ti,ab,kw OR (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Antagonists): ti,ab,kw (Word variations have been searched)
#7 MeSH descriptor: [Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists] explode all trees
#8 (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers): ti,ab,kw OR (Antagonists, Angiotensin Receptor): ti,ab,kw OR (Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists): ti,ab,kw OR (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers): ti,ab,kw (Word variations have been searched)
#10 (HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors): ti,ab,kw OR (Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductase Inhibitors): ti,ab,kw OR (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Inhibitors):ti,ab,kw OR (Inhibitors, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA): ti,ab,kw OR (Statins): ti,ab,kw (Word variations have been searched)
#11 MeSH descriptor: [Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors] explode all trees
#12 #10 or #11
#13 MeSH descriptor: [Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists] explode all trees
#14 (Aldosterone Antagonists): ti,ab,kw OR (Antagonists, Mineralocorticoid): ti,ab,kw OR (Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists): ti,ab,kw OR (Receptor Antagonists, Mineralocorticoid): ti,ab,kw OR (Mineralocorticoid Antagonists): ti,ab,kw (Word variations have been searched)
#16 #3 AND #6
#18 #3 AND #12
2.4 Data collection and analysis
2.4.1 Selection of studies
Three researchers (JQL, HWB, and SSQ) will independently scan titles and abstracts retrieved by the search after duplicate removal. A trial will be excluded if both researchers agree that it does not meet the inclusion criteria. Full text of articles would be retrieved for further assessment if the information met the inclusion criteria. Any disagreement between reviewers will be resolved by discussion or consulting a third party (HYH).
2.4.2 Data extraction and management
Data concerning details of the study population, intervention and outcomes will be extracted independently by 2 researchers (JQL and HWB). For binary outcomes, the number of events and total number in each group will be extracted. For continuous outcomes, mean, standard deviation (SD) and sample size of each group will be extracted. The data extraction form included the following items:
1. General information: title, authors, and year of publication.
2. Trial characteristics: study design, method of randomization, allocation concealment, blinding.
3. Patients: number in treatment and control groups, age, diagnostic criteria, withdrawals/losses to follow-up (reasons/description), subgroups.
4. Intervention: intervention (dose, course of treatment, and frequency), comparison intervention (dose, course of treatment, and frequency).
5. Outcomes: outcomes specified above.
2.4.3 Outcome data
For continuous outcomes, we will extract means, SDs and the number of patients randomized in each study arm. When means and their SDs are unavailable, we will contact study authors to provide the data. When standard errors, t-statistics or P values are reported, these will be transformed to SDs. If neither of the measures mentioned above is reported in the original report or a previous systematic review, the mean value of known SDs will be calculated from the group of included studies.[36] For dichotomous outcomes, we will extract the number of patients experiencing any adverse event /reactions (ADEs/ADRs) out of the total number of treated patients.
2.4.4 Missing outcome data
Missing outcome data are a common problem in clinical trials and systematic reviews, as it lowers credibility by potentially biasing the results. Firstly, we will identify the reason why the outcome data may be missing, because the risk of bias due to missing data depends on the missing data mechanism. The mechanisms of missing data are divided as missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR) or informatively missing. When missing data are MCAR or MAR, biased estimate is negligible. When the mechanism is MNAR, which means that the reasons for dropout are associated with the actual effect of the intervention, biased estimate is non-negligible.[37] Last observation carried forward (LOCF) will be used to deal with missing data. The method conforms with the intention-to-treat principle. To obtain missing data, we will contact the authors by emails. Otherwise, the data will be verified from other trials in the network or other published meta-analyses.[36]
2.5 Assessment of risk of bias in included studies
The methodological quality of trials will be assessed independently using criteria from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions, Version 5.1.0.[38] Seven domains are considered such as sequence generation (selection bias), allocation concealment (selection bias), blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias), blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias), incomplete outcome data (attrition bias), selective outcome reporting (reporting bias), and other bias. Three levels of "low risk", "high risk", or "unclear risk" are the quality appraisal category. Any disagreements will be resolved by mutual consensus.
We will perform Bayesian NMAs to compare the effects of different interventions. We will conduct both standard meta-analyses of each pair-wise direct comparison between interventions and a network meta-analysis combining results of all these comparisons in 1 analysis, exploiting both the direct comparisons within trials and the indirect comparisons across trials for each outcome.
2.6.1 Pairwise meta-analysis
Pairwise meta-analyses will be performed using Stata 14.0 software (Stata Corp, College Station, Tex). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI will be used for the incidence of adverse drug events/reactions (ADEs/ADRs). Mean differences or standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CI will be used for the time to a first electrocardiographically confirmed recurrence of atrial fibrillation and left atrial dimension in echocardiography. We will assess clinical and methodological heterogeneity by means of examination of the characteristics of the included trials. Chi-Squared tests for heterogeneity will be used to assess between study heterogeneity for each outcome, and the extent of the observed heterogeneity in effect sizes between studies will be assessed by the I2. If the P value is ≥.1 and I2 ≤ 50%, which suggests there is no statistical heterogeneity, then the fixed effects model will be employed. If the P value is <.1 and I2 > 50%, the random-effects model will be used. When heterogeneity among studies is obvious (I2 > 50%), the sources of heterogeneity will be investigated using subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression analysis. If quantitative synthesis cannot be undertaken, we will conduct qualitative analysis.
2.6.2 Network meta-analysis
The network meta-analysis will be implemented in a Bayesian framework using Open BUGS 1.4.3 (MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK) and the package "gemtc" V.0.8.1 of R-3.6.2 software. The Markov Chains Monte Carlo sampler will be used to generate samples. A total of 5000 simulations for each chain will be set as the "burn-in" period. Then, posterior summaries will be based on 100,000 subsequent simulations. The results of the network meta-analysis will be reported as ORs or SMD with 95% CIs. To rank the treatments for each outcome, we will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) and the mean ranks.[39] SUCRA values would be 100% when a treatment is certain to be the best, and 0% when a treatment is certain to be the worst.[39] A node splitting method will be used to examine the inconsistency between direct and indirect comparisons when a loop connecting 3 arms exists.[40] The network plot will be drawn by Stata 14.0 software to present the all pairwise comparisons between the eligible interventions. Nodes in network plot represent different interventions and edges represent direct comparisons between the 2 interventions. The size of nodes and thickness of edges are associated with sample sizes and numbers of RCTs respectively.
2.6.3 Measures for transitivity assumption
The transitivity assumption underlying network meta-analysis will be assessed by comparing the distribution of clinical and methodological variables that can act as effect modifiers across treatment comparisons.[41] Clinical variables include baseline characteristics of patients, interventions and comparisons, follow-up time and clinical outcomes. Methodological factors refer to the design and quality of each RCT.
Subgroup analysis and network meta-regression analysis will be conducted according to the following characteristics:
1. type of AF (paroxysmal AF or permanent AF);
2. course of disease;
3. combined disease (hypertension, diabetes or coronary heart disease, etc.);
4. types of interventions;
5. ethnic population.
We will perform the following sensitivity analyses to evaluate the robustness of the model:
1. Analysing only studies with low risk of bias;
2. Analysing only patients with paroxysmal AF or permanent AF;
3. Analysing only patients average age >60 years old.
A comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to assess the publication bias and small-study effects using STATA 14.0 software.[42]
2.7 Assessment of the quality of evidence
The quality of evidence will be assessed using The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group by which a determination of high, moderate, low, or very low will be made for each major outcome. The quality rating may be rated down for risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision, publication bias.[43]
3 Discussion, ethics and dissemination
The existing systematic reviews have shown the effectiveness of ACEI/ARB, stains, and MRA in the prevention of AF recurrent, but it lacks studies which directly compare among these different methods. Therefore, NMA will be used to compare the difference in effectiveness among the various therapies, to provide reliable evidence-based medical evidence for the upstream therapy for AF. We will publish the results of this review in peer-reviewed publications, and the data set will be made freely available.
In terms of advantages, we will comprehensively search a substantial amount of data from both published and unpublished studies from journal articles, academic dissertation, clinical study reports, ongoing clinical trials. GRADE approach will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence derived from the included studies. Furthermore, we will provide a relative ranking of the effects on preventing AF recurrent, which can help clinicians make evidence-based decisions. The different type of AF, course of the disease and combined disease may have an impact on the treatment effect, so we will use subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis to reduce the inconsistency or heterogeneity.
However, there are several limits in our study:
1. Only English literature will be included in this study, which will lead to selection bias.
2. According to the inclusion criteria we established through preliminary screening literature, there is no study comparing different therapies in head-to-head trials, therefore findings will be mostly based on indirect trial comparisons.
This review does not require ethical approval. The framework of the PRISMA statements for NMA will be applied to guide review authors to perform this study. The results will be disseminated by a peer-reviewed publication.
JQL, HWB, and SSQ planed and designed the study; HYH tested the feasibility of the study; JQL and HWB wrote the manuscript; all authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conceptualization: Yuanhui Hu.
Data curation: Qiulei Jia, Shuqing Shi.
Methodology: Qiulei Jia, Wenbing Han, Shuqing Shi.
Supervision: Yuanhui Hu.
Writing – original draft: Qiulei Jia.
Writing – review & editing: Wenbing Han.
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[11]. Heemstra HE, Nieuwlaat R, Meijboom M, et al. The burden of atrial fibrillation in the Netherlands. Neth Heart J 2011;19:373–8.
[12]. Kim MH, Lin J, Hussein M, et al. Cost of atrial fibrillation in United States managed care organizations. Advances Therapy 2009;26:847–57.
[13]. Arbelo E, Brugada J, Hindricks G, et al. The atrial fibrillation ablation pilot study: a European Survey on Methodology and results of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation conducted by the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J 2014;35:1466–78.
[14]. Calkins H, Reynolds MR, Spector P, et al. Treatment of atrial fibrillation with antiarrhythmic drugs or radiofrequency ablation: two systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2009;2:349–61.
[15]. Ganesan AN, Shipp NJ, Brooks AG, et al. Long-term outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2013;2:e004549.
[16]. Cappato R, Calkins H, Chen SA, et al. Updated worldwide survey on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation for human atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2010;3:32–8.
[17]. Dagres N, Hindricks G, Kottkamp H, et al. Complications of atrial fibrillation ablation in a high-volume center in 1,000 procedures: still cause for concern? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009;20:1014–9.
[18]. Deneke T, Jais P, Scaglione M, et al. Silent cerebral events/lesions related to atrial fibrillation ablation: a clinical review. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2015;26:455–63.
[19]. Gupta A, Perera T, Ganesan A, et al. Complications of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2013;6:1082–8.
[20]. Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2010;31:2369–429.
[21]. Savelieva I, Kakouros N, Kourliouros A, et al. Upstream therapies for management of atrial fibrillation: review of clinical evidence and implications for European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Part II: secondary prevention. Europace 2011;13:610–25.
[22]. Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J 2020;ehaa612doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612.
[23]. Goette A, Staack T, Röcken C, et al. Increased expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and angiotensin-converting enzyme in human atria during atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:1669–77.
[24]. Thanigaimani S, Lau DH, Agbaedeng T, et al. Molecular mechanisms of atrial fibrosis: implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2017;15:247–56.
[25]. Reil JC, Hohl M, Selejan S, et al. Aldosterone promotes atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2012;33:2098–108.
[26]. Wozakowska-Kaplon B, Bartkowiak R, Janiszewska G. A decrease in serum aldosterone level is associated with maintenance of sinus rhythm after successful cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2010;33:561–5.
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[33]. Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 2015;350:g7647.
[34]. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 2016;37:2893–962.
[35]. January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in Collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation 2019;140:e125–51.
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ACEI/ARB; aldosterone receptor antagonists; atrial fibrillation; network meta-analysis; protocol; statins; systematic review
The effects of ACEI/ARB, aldosterone receptor antagonists and statins on preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
ACEI/ARB
aldosterone receptor antagonists
network meta-analysis
ACEI/ARB\r, aldosterone receptor antagonists\r, atrial fibrillation\r, network meta-analysis\r, protocol\r, statins\r, systematic review
Articles in PubMed by Qiulei Jia, PhD
Articles in Google Scholar by Qiulei Jia, PhD
Other articles in this journal by Qiulei Jia, PhD


- The DC power supply protection function.
- Highly efficient, low ripple, small volume, light weight.
- Double LED display of voltage and current, high precision.
- Dual voltage input and convenient choice.
- Temperature control fan heat dissipation, low noise.
- Double potentiometer, more precise adjustment.
- With replaceable fuse, convenient to change the protective tube.
- Applied in production line test, electrical maintenance, aging products, battery charging, laboratories scientific research and teaching and all other need - DC regulated power supply.
- Voltage setting switch is at the back.
- Please choose the right input voltage on the back of DC power supply.
- Incorrect choosing input voltage will damage the machine.


SOMEONE ONCE said that controlling a DAWwith your mouse is like painting a picturethrough a keyhole, and most of us would agree.
SOMEONE ONCE said that controlling a DAW with your mouse is like painting a picture through a keyhole, and most of us would agree. A MIDI controller is one of the best workflow enhancements you can have. The more affordable and robust it is, the better.
The four products in Samson's Graphite M Series—M25, M32, MD13, and MF8—are suitable for use with desktop and laptop setups, as well as with the Apple iPad. In addition to being lightweight and housed in hard, sturdy plastic, all four controllers are USB bus powered and designed for a variety of settings—onstage, in the studio, and traveling.
Each controller includes a cable with standard USB connectors. (iPad users will need an Apple Camera Connection Kit.) Samson offers a free software editor that works with all four units. (You'll find it under the Download tab for the M25 and M32 product pages at Samsontech.com.) Simply launch the editor, select your controller from the pull-down menu, map the controls to your DAW, and then save the mapping as a preset to the controller itself. To recall the preset, use the pads on the M25 and MD13 or one of the F buttons on the MF8. The M32 stores only one preset at a time.
With Keys, Please As you would expect, the Graphite M32 and M25 have 32- and 25-note velocity-sensitive keyboards, respectively, yet each weighs a mere 2 lbs.; they fit easily into the pocket of a carry-on bag or backpack. Both keyboards offer Aftertouch and include a Prog button that initiates Program mode, in which the upper 11 notes on the keybed (labeled 0 through 9, and Enter) can be used to send Program Change data.
Fig. 1. The Graphite M32 provides enough keys for melodic, chordal, and bass sequencing while remaining small enough to slip into a carry-on bag.Fig. 2. Despite having fewer keys, the Graphite M25 has pads and rotary encoders that are perfect for real-time control.Fig. 3. The velocity-sensitive pads on the Graphite MD13 offer Aftertouch and can be used melodically or as percussion and event triggers.Fig. 4. The Graphite MF8 provides plenty of DAW control in a highly portable package. Besides having the most keys, the Graphite M32 (see Figure 1) has the fewest controllers—pitch bend and modulation strips, a programmable volume knob and data slider, and five buttons (Oct -, Oct +, Sustain, CC, and Prog). As you would expect, pressing Sustain holds the notes you're playing for as long as you press the button, and CC allows you to send Control Change data.
The Graphite M25, on the other hand, has a data wheel, Pad and Preset buttons, five transport controls, four velocity-sensitive pads, and eight rotary encoders (see Figure 2). Hold down the rewind and fast-forward buttons to engage Panic mode, which quickly resets channel and port connections if a MIDI note gets stuck.
The Pad button switches between two assignable pad banks. The pads also send Aftertouch and can transmit Control Change messages when you're in CC mode. Use the software editor to set the pads into momentary or latching behavior. You can access your MIDI presets by hitting the Preset button and selecting the pad that holds the configuration you want.
Twistin' and Slidin' The MD13 offers 13 velocity-sensitive pads with Aftertouch, arranged chromatically in an octave (see Figure 3), six rotary encoders, a crossfader (useful in DJ-related apps or programmable as a generic continuous controller), a data wheel, and eight buttons. CC and Prog work as they did on the keyboards; in this case, Program Change data is sent from pads P1 through P10.
The Shift button works in combination with the Play/Record button to send a secondary data message. To select one of the MD13's five presets, press Preset and hit pad P1 through P5.
If you don't want pads or a keyboard on your controller, the MF8 is the ticket. It provides eight tracks of controls, each with a separate knob and fader, as well as buttons for solo/mute and record-enable (see Figure 4). Using the Shift key allows you to send a secondary message from the solo/mute buttons; they light red or green depending on which message—primary or secondary—you send, making it easy to keep track of the function of each.
The MF8 gives you a full complement of transport controls (play, stop, record, fast forward, and rewind) and five function keys, in addition to Preset and channel-increment and -decrement buttons. A data wheel and crossfader complete the picture.
The MF8 also holds five presets, which you select by pressing Preset and the appropriate function button. On their own, the function buttons can be programmed to send control information or MIDI Note messages, with the option of setting them in momentary or latching mode.
The More the Merrier I used all four of the Samson controllers with Apple Logic Pro X and Ableton Live 9 Suite, and they are essentially plug and play, working easily without a hitch. The controller you use will depend on the style of music you make and where you are in the production cycle. For example, you might use the M25 for sequencing parts while mapping the knobs to important performance parameters such as filter cutoff or modulation rate. On the other hand, keyboard players might prefer having more notes over real-time parameter control, so the 2.5-octave MD32 is the place to start.
If you prefer a pad interface for sequencing percussion and bass parts, the MD13 is perfect and provides a data wheel, slider, and knobs for real-time tweaking. And when it comes time to mix, you could call the MF8 into action and use it to write automation on banks of eight tracks at a time.
The good news is that you can use several of the Graphite controllers in tandem, giving yourself access to the number of knobs, faders, buttons, and keys that makes the most sense for your personal style. The footprint of each controller is small enough that having two or more doesn't require much space, and their low cost doesn't take much of a bite out of your pocketbook. And the more you use them, the more you'll wonder how you worked without them.
Gino Robair is technical editor of Electronic Musician.
Strengths Portable and lightweight. Convenient layout. Software editor. Stores user presets.


The Trail Adoption Plan is now entering into it's third year.
The work completed in the past two seasons has been incredible.
2013 will be our best year yet.
TAP 2011: 42 trail days 4400 hours of trail work on 8 trails thanks to 11 Adopters.
TAP 2012: 70 trail days accounting for 7500 hours of work on 19 trails thanks to 23 Adopters.
This year, we are proud to announce the expansion of TAP to FVMBA & the WMBC.
The NSMBA would like to thank TD Friends of the Environment Foundation, CLIF Bars & Cycles Lambert for their support of TAP.
Support those who support the Shore.
The work we do is led by our professional builders who are trained in the modern techniques of sustainable building and environmental care. This work is amplified by the hundreds of volunteers who care enough to donate their sweat equity into our trail projects. The NSMBA would like to thank everyone who has contributed in some way to help share the work load at hand.
The NSMBA Board of Directors are volunteers who donate much of their personal time to guide the organization, implement strategies and conduct events. We do this because we care about our community.
The core strength of our collective efforts is the power of community: people working together to make the Shore a better place.
The NSMBA Community Programs include: the North Shore Trail Adoption Plan, the North Shore Builders Academy, the Shore Corps (Academy graduates) & Public Trail Days.
The NSMBA are leaders in modern techniques to bring our inherited network to a sustainable standard that includes care for the environment. We have grown our partnerships with the Land Managers through our responsible framework. These strengthened partnerships with the DNV, Metro Vancouver and BC Parks will ensure future care of our trails through our stewardship programs. The NSMBA would like to recognize these partnerships and thank the Land Managers for their collaborative efforts working together towards shared goals.


Document Conversion Service includes a command line tool for combining, or appending, multiple files into a single output file.
Files are combined by passing the file names on the command line or by passing the name of a text file that contains the list of files to combine. The input files are listed one per line in the input text file and files are combined in the order in which they are given in the list.
To combine files use the DCSCombineFiles command utility. Some sample command lines are listed below.
Copy and paste these command lines into the Tools window and simply replace the underlined text with the paths to your own files and folders.
When using the command line combine the type of output created is based on the conversion profile passed with the /P command line switch. A selection of common conversion profiles are included with the Document Conversion Service install. See the section Conversion Settings in the user guide for more details, and instructions on creating your own custom profiles.


How many times have we seen it: the tall, lanky, seemingly less-powerful boxer dominate the diminutive powerhouse?
The examples are plentiful: Thomas Hearns blasting out Pipino Cuevas. Junior Jones shocking Marco Antonio Barrera. Vernon Forrest dominating Shane Mosley.
Mikey Garcia is one of the most talented, accomplished fighters in boxing, and he is an expected winner this weekend when he fights in his hometown for the first time in seven years. But the adage "styles make fights" was invented for this type of matchup, as Garcia puts his WBC lightweight title on the line — and hopes to avoid the fates of Cuevas, Barrera and Mosley — against long and lean IBF titleholder Robert Easter Jr., at the Staples Center in Los Angeles (8 p.m., Saturday, Showtime).
Garcia, 38-0 (30 knockouts), Oxnard, Calif., is on a singular mission for boxing immortality. He won the featherweight title in 2013, the super featherweight title later that year, the lightweight crown in 2017 and a junior welterweight title in March. He's collecting belts like stamps. He's taking challenges and talking big fights.
But, should he beat Easter, some feel Garcia will potentially be biting off more than he can chew. He's talking about a jump up to welterweight to challenge IBF titlist Errol Spence, who will be ringside Saturday. As tremendous as Garcia is — simply, he may be the most complete fighter in the game — Spence is just as good, bigger, and faster. He may well be the most physically gifted fighter to come along since Floyd Mayweather. And Garcia — who has plenty of options at 135 and 140 pounds — is targeting him. It doesn't make sense to anybody but Garcia, who doesn't seem satisfied logging everyday wins. He wants big game, and that is commendable.
In his last fight, Garcia engaged in a brawl with Sergey Lipinets, who was an undefeated world champion himself and a tough customer. Garcia dropped Lipinets in the seventh, but Lipinets not only arose — but continued to battle on even terms. It was evident that Lipinets was bulkier and more equipped to take Garcia's punch. The shots that hurt other fighters simply didn't do the same to Lipinets — not that it wasn't an impressive outing for Garcia. It most certainly was. But he clearly wasn't the dominant force physically of the lower weights.
But Garcia is firmly in control of his own career. He broke from Top Rank in 2014 and sat out for two-and-a-half years before the contract dispute was settled. He has bypassed showdowns with the likes of Jorge Linares. He does what he thinks is best for him.
And now he'll be fighting a physically imposing and potentially difficult opponent who will present a unique proposition style-wise.
Easter, 21-0 (14 KO's), of Toledo, Ohio, is 5-foot-11 — five inches taller than Garcia. He has a 76-inch reach — a whopping seven inches longer than Garcia's. At 27, he is also three years younger. The question is, is Easter up to the task? Garcia is by far his most formidable foe.
Easter won the vacant IBF title in September 2016 when he outpointed Richard Commey by split decision. His three title defenses have all come by decision — over Luis Cruz and Denis Shafikov in 2017 and Javier Fortuna in January. The Fortuna fight was another split decision.
But Easter made changes for this fight, replacing longtime trainer Mike Stafford with Florida's Kevin Cunningham.
Plainly, with Easter's huge height and reach advantages, and his pro and amateur experience (he was 213-17 as an amateur and was an alternate on the United States' 2012 Olympic team), there is no way he doesn't give Garcia some serious problems. As Forrest proved against Mosley, when you stick out the long left jab, it can disrupt the most elite of fighters. And if Easter does that — he is certainly capable of doing so, eschewing the more aggressive style of the Fortuna fight — this fight is no foregone conclusion.
Surprisingly, this fight will be about even going into the seventh or eighth rounds, with Easter frustrating Garcia with his reach and speed, staying on the outside and tying Garcia up when he gets inside. Eventually, Garcia will get inside by way of his own jab, and weaken Easter to the body. But it won't be dominant and some rounds won't be easy to score. The end may even be controversial.
Garcia will get the job done, though. Barely. Proving indeed that styles make fights. And hopefully erasing all talk of a Spence fight.
Luis Ortiz, 28-1 (24 KO's), Miami by way of Cuba, will fight for the first time since his sensational slugfest with WBC heavyweight champ Deontay Wilder in March. He takes on Razvan Cojanu, 16-3 (9 KO's), of Romania.
Ortiz could've picked an easier comeback opponent. Last May, Cojanu lost a 12-round decision to then-WBO heavyweight champ Joseph Parker.


text:
Kit Harington Makes Fun of Jon Snow in This Hilarious How to Train Your Dragon "Audition"
Kit Harington Funny Audition Video For How to Train Your Dragon
Kit Harington really has a way with dragons (*whispers: and the Mother of Dragons*). As fans await the release of How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World, which comes out early next year, DreamWorks has shared a sneak peek at the actor and his adorable bond with Toothless. In the clip, he's introduced to the dragon, who gives him an aggressive welcome, and the pair goes back and forth reading lines and enjoying some lunch. Things take a hilarious turn when Harington references his Game of Thrones character, Jon Snow, and why it "confuses" him. Check out the clip above, then shop some of this year's best Game of Thrones gifts.
How To Train Your DragonKit HaringtonViral VideosGame Of ThronesMovies


The front atrium of Viasat's new campus expansion in Carlsbad on Thursday. The first phase of the expansion project added 180,000 square feet in two buildings and a parking structure.
It's the engineering mantra for the Carlsbad satellite Internet and defense communications firm – perhaps best known for powering in-flight Wi-Fi for American Airlines, JetBlue, United Airlines and government VIP aircraft.
The theme has spread beyond Viasat's engineering department. It served as the linchpin concept for the company when designing and building its new East campus – the first phase of which debuted for employees this month.
The first phase of the expansion project added 180,000 square feet in two buildings and a parking structure.
The second phase, which is expected to open in February, will add an additional 173,000 square feet, with more parking garages.
The campus expansion is being driven by the company's growth. Revenue increased 24 percent for the first six months of Viasat's current fiscal year to $956 million.
The company owns three satellites and has a long-term lease on another. With its most recent ViaSat-2 satellite, it can deliver up to 100 megabits per second speeds to customers – significantly faster than other Internet options outside the reach of cable.
Viasat is building three more satellites – each with one terabit of capacity – that will give it massive bandwidth in orbit. (A terabit equals 1,000 gigabits.) The new satellites will enable even faster speeds and expand Viasat's footprint globally. The first is set to launch in late 2020.
Founded in 1986, Viasat has been at its current Carlsbad location since 1999. Two years ago, it added the 198,000-square-foot North campus on 14 acres. It is the home of Viasat's in-flight Wi-Fi business. Sections of fuselages of a Boeing 737 and Gulfstream 4 are on display to demonstrate its technology.
The new East campus expansion sits on 23 acres and brings Viasat's total space in Carlsbad to 1.1 million square feet in 17 buildings. The company employs more than 2,500 workers in Carlsbad today and nearly 5,500 globally.
To get around the sprawling campus, Viasat provides about 100 beach cruiser bicycles for employees. New East campus buildings feature planked walkways to mimic an ocean pier. Surfboards hang on walls. Beach themed murals from local artists are featured – all aimed to reflect the vibe of North County.
In an era where tech companies increasingly rely on workplace amenities to attract talent, Viasat designed a 4 acre outdoor plaza with hammocks, couches, TV screens and Internet connectivity at its new East campus. Indoor conference rooms adjacent to the plaza have receding glass walls – creating large indoor/outdoor meeting spaces.
Chief Executive Mark Dankberg said amenities aren't necessarily a requirement in the arm's race to attract top tech talent.
But the perks do help – not only in recruiting but also with retention.
They also help workers feel appreciated, said Dankberg.
The new campus was also designed with energy efficiency in mind – though the company did not seek the green building Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, or LEED, certification.
Thirty-three percent of roof space has solar panels, which the company expects to help offset energy usage. The campus qualified for San Diego Gas & Electric's Savings by Design program.


The Atlantic's home page and business channel are featuring an interesting item by Matthew O'Brien on the imbalances and weakening of the Chinese economy.
China's economy in 2012 has lots of worrisome problems. But it confuses rather than clarifies things to compare it to America's in the subprime-bubble, pre-crash era. Folksy analogy: this is like telling someone, "Gee, you really should watch your weight. Remember how bad it was when your cousin had encephalitis?" Both problems, but not similar problems.
The asset bubble that brought America's and then the world's economies down starting four years ago had everything to do with over-leverage (too much debt) and over-consumption. As I argued in the magazine in 2005.
Importantly for growth preservation, current economic drag is primarily coming from areas over which the government retains broad control. A stamp from the central government could put the Ministry of Railways back to work on the rail, and the NDRC fast-tracked projects will surely begin to buoy macro data in the next couple of months. We still feel the property market is recoverable - more ambivalent enforcement would see some local-level property activity return (as it already has) and a complete reversal of housing policy would likely see capital flood back into the market. Therein lies the problem, though.
It is clearly unwise from a sustainability perspective to pump-prime the economy with easy credit and government investment - authorities remain rightly weary of repeating the mistakes of 2008-2010. The interest rate cut signaled the end to government caution, and the start of a more active macro policy. The 'mini-stimulus' is out, and should lead to better economic data in the second half. But for now, weakness abounds.
"Weakness," yes. Danger, concern, possible dragging of the world into another long slowdown -- yes in all cases. But "2006," "panic," and "scarily" all suggest the risk of another cascading round of Lehman-style collapses, and that is not the sort of danger the Chinese situation now poses. Read the item, but skip the headline.


5-7 loss against No Chance.
We are definetly in LAST PLACE.
I am having SOOOO MUCH FUN!
BUCKY wrote: 5-7 loss against No Chance.
Start getting a team together for the PDL Bucky! You only need 4 guys and the travel is sweet!!!


I'm so glad you are having fun on your vacation to Walt Disney World! I just returned from a quick visit and I am still smiling from ear to ear.
You are certainly welcome to stop by any Guest Relations location or Lobby Concierge at your Disney Resort Hotel and a Cast Member can tell you the cost to upgrade your tickets before you commit. However, if you don't want to make the trip and don't mind doing a little math, there is another way.
If you head over to the Disney Theme Park Tickets page, you can walk through the steps of what a 2-day ticket costs versus a 3-day ticket. There, you will also see the prices with and without the Park Hopper Option added. To upgrade your tickets, you'll just pay the difference between the cost of your current tickets and the cost of the upgrade.
If you choose to add either of these options, you will need to stop by one of the locations above to make the changes.
Something you may not be aware of is the fact that "Disney's Celebrate America! A Fourth of July Concert in the Sky" fireworks show will appear on both July 3 and 4 at Magic Kingdom Park, so if this is something that interests you, it would be a great time to add a day to your tickets!
Wishing you many happy memories during your magical vacation, Christine. Thanks so much for your question!