For Local Authorities and large scale developments holistic planning of how trees are to be managed and established is essential if ecosystem services provided by trees are to be maximised. We are able to provide range of consultancy services including preparation of tree and woodland strategies, preparation of tree inventories. The urban forest forms an essential part of urban life contributing to a wide range of benefits and ecosystem services. It is important however that this vital resource is managed correctly to maximise these benefits and minimise tree related nuisance. Carrying out the careful management of urban tree populations is critical to improving the environment we live in which ranges from small privately owned gardens to large publically own parks and street trees. At A.T. Coombes Associates Ltd., we have a wide range of experience and knowledge at our disposal to help effectively management all aspects of the urban forest and tree landscapes.
Site assessment, and/or site modification.
Sourcing quality nursery stock established with correct transplanting methods.
We provide a design and planting package covering all these stages. This service is available for both large scales, tree planting schemes and small scale domestic planting projects.
Tilthing with an air spade.
Incorporation of tree and shrub compost.
Mulching with good quality organic mulch.
This technique has proved very successful in improving the condition of specimen trees and is used extensively by Kew Gardens on their notable specimens. The technique is equally applicable to specimen trees or to remediate compaction caused by construction.


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These varietals bring the essence of their ancestral southern France origin with almond and peach flavors of Marsanne and the pear and honeysuckle aromas of Rousanne.
Enjoy this wine slightly chilled by itself, with hor'sdevours or to enhance your poultry, fish and vegetarian entrees.
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LANXESS arena, Cologne, Germany
New Album: Gold Rush Kid
Enjoy George Ezra performing live on stage at the LANXESS arena and make the most of your visit with outstanding VIP tickets.
At the young age of 19, the singer-songwriter from Bristol was discovered and asked directly onto the stage of the Glastonbury Festival. Global success followed with his hit single Budapest and the other big songs like Barcelona, Cassy O and Blame It On Me, the two million-selling albums Wanted On Voyage (2014) and Staying At Tamara's (2018), both of which crowned the top of the British charts, and finally the Brit Award for British Male Solo Artist.
George Ezra's new album, Gold Rush Kid, will be released in June. The Brit explains who it is: The Gold Rush Kid? That's me! Twelve wonderful, uplifting and overwhelming songs that sound more like me than anything. That's what holds them together.
The first two tracks have already been released. The first single Anyone For You (Tiger Lily) went straight up the charts and is rotating on every radio station in the UK. The second is called Green Green Grass and has its very own story: when Ezra went to St. Lucia over Christmas in 2018 with friends for the holidays, they were sitting in a bar. At some point he heard music in the streets and was so captivated by it that he went in search of it. He found a block party with three different sound systems, stalls with food and people celebrating. When asked what was being celebrated here, Ezra learned that it was a funeral service for three people: I thought: that's not how we do this at home. And it's really beautiful. And so the single was born, an irresistibly happy song about always making the best of everything, especially in situations where you expect the worst. This story and the song that came out of it are typical of George Ezra's music.
VIP Suite Ticket (1)
Dedicated hospitality entrance
The Premium Package benefits from pre-event access to the Backstage restaurant, complimentary food and drinks, in addition to your luxury padded seat. In the restaurant you can choose from an assortment of main meals at the buffet, complemented by a starter and a dessert.
Hosting team
Food in the Backstage Restaurant served from time of entry until start of the event
International specialities and selected delicacies
Various types of beer, house wines red and white and non-alcoholic drinks
Drinks in the Backstage Restaurant served from time of entry until start of the event
Car passes at additional cost
VIP Suite Ticket
Panorama view
View to stage
The VIP Suite offers an exclusive experience, first-class atmosphere and culinary delights served from the moment you arrive. You and your friends or guests can choose from an extensive complimentary drinks menu and enjoy the live action from your padded seat or bar stool on the adjacent terrace.
Shared suite
TVs with live feed
Sky Box level: 4,5
Sky Box location is allocated by the rights holder after purchase
Access from opening hour until start of the show
Catering in the box served from time of entry until start of the event
Drinks in the box served from time of entry until the end of the event
Items found: Date earliest-to-latest Date latest-to-earliest Price low-to-high Price high-to-low
Sold by ARENA Management GmbH
Backstage Restaurant
Circle Lounge
ARENA Management GmbH
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I'm delighted that you've arrived and decided to take bigger leaps to creating more loving and connected relationships in your life.
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If you're here just to grab some advice and want to dive in immediately, I've compiled my best Ask Rachel videos below for your viewing pleasure. And if you have a relationship question to ask, please send to Rachel@TheRelationshipSuite.com and I'll be sure to address it in a future video.
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Located in Mumbai, we are professional VFX Production house with 25 full-time staff and as many as 20 freelancers always on standby to work in the most open-minded, creative and wild metro city of Maharashtra, India.
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Technicolor has been bringing dreams to life for over 100 years. We remain a global centre of expertise for the film, TV and content industries worldwide. From animation and effects, to connected devices design and manufacturing, we ignite imaginatio..
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Sun TV Network Limited had its humble beginnings in 'Poomalai' - a monthly video magazine. Today, it grew upto India's largest television network which, power packed Thirty Two TV channels and Forty Five FM Radio stations in several Indian languages ..
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A video and content platform for Hindi TV Shows, Bollywood Movies, Trailers, Music Videos, Entertainment News and Podcasts, Dekkho is a free internet based service that can be accessed on a global level across any supported devices. All you need is a..
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In March 2003 he started his most ambitious Venture Chilsag Chillies Theatre Company which has produced Thirteen Original theatre productions written and directed by Sachin Gupta addressing various sensitive and important social issues, even through ..


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87th LegislatureIssuesState HouseState SenateArlington Republican Proposes Rule to Punish Texas House Members Who Walk Out of Special Session
As they did during the regular session, Democrats may break quorum during the special session to block a Republican election reform bill.
Hayden SparksJuly 8, 2021
Tony Tinderholt (R-Arlington) listens to testimony in committee. (The Texan/Ben Billups)
Austin, TX, July 8, 2021 — On Thursday morning, state Rep. Tony Tinderholt (R-Arlington) introduced a resolution that could result in sanctions against members of the Texas House who break quorum by leaving the chamber during deliberations.
Tinderholt filed House Resolution 5 on the first day of the 87th Texas legislature's special session. Among other items of business, Abbott called the session to consider election reform legislation, such as the "election integrity and security" bill Rep. Andrew Murr (R-Junction) introduced Wednesday.
Though Tinderholt introduced an almost identical proposal in 2017 during the 85th legislature, the renewed focus on maintaining a quorum follows a regular legislative session in which Democrats walked out of the chamber to break quorum and destroy a Republican-backed election reform bill by Rep. Briscoe Cain (R-Deer Park).
In a press release, Tinderholt pointed to the previous walkout and said he would "be present and ready to vote on the people's business" per his oath of office.
"A number of highly important issues facing Texas are at stake," Tinderholt said. "The vast majority of House Democrats have already shown their willingness to walk out when they do not like the legislation before them."
"It is the height of insanity to allow the Democrats, who are paid by taxpayers, to take the same actions again and again. HR 5 will at least make legislators weigh the consequences before they decide to abdicate their oaths of office a second time," he added.
If Tinderholt's resolution is successful, state representatives will be able to make motions to punish absent members even when there is no quorum. The resolution would add language to the rules to allow the Texas House to take away committee chairmanships, membership on "procedural committees," and the seniority privileges of those who broke quorum.
These new provisions would be in addition to the existing language that allows the body to initiate a "call of the House."
"All absentees for whom no sufficient excuse is made may, by order of a majority of those present, be sent for and arrested, wherever they may be found, by the sergeant-at-arms or an officer appointed by the sergeant-at-arms for that purpose, and their attendance shall be secured and retained," the rules of the Texas House read.
Forcing absent lawmakers back to the capitol would likely be a messy and controversial process that would involve the deployment of the Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) to arrest state representatives. With the legal assistance of then-Attorney General Greg Abbott, Sergeant at Arms Rod Welsh attempted this course of action in 2003 when Democrats successfully fled the state for four days to quash a Republican redistricting plan.
This summer, some Democrats have openly pondered the possibility of leaving the state to kill a Republican election reform bill. Among those who broke quorum in 2003 were current state Reps. Garnet Coleman (D-Houston), Yvonne Davis (D-Dallas), Joe Deshotel (D-Beaumont), Harold Dutton Jr. (D-Houston), Ryan Guillen (D-Rio Grande City), Trey Martinez Fischer (D-San Antonio), Richard Peña Raymond (D-Laredo), and Senfronia Thompson (D-Houston).
A copy of Tinderholt's resolution can be found below.
Andrew Murr
Briscoe Cain
Garnet Coleman
Harold Dutton Jr.
Joe Deshotel
Richard Peña Raymond
Ryan Guillen
Senfronia Thompson
Texas Department of Public Safety
Tony Tinderholt
Trey Martinez Fischer
Yvonne Davis
Hayden Sparks is a senior reporter for The Texan and a lifelong resident of the Lone Star State. He has coached competitive speech and debate and has been involved in politics since a young age. One of Hayden's favorite quotes is by Sam Houston: "Texas has yet to learn submission to any oppression, come from what source it may."
IRS Grants Tax-Exempt Status to Christian Civics Group, Reversing Course
Election Integrity Legislation Takes Focus Again as Special Session Begins
Lawsuit Against Paxton by 'Whistleblowers' Could Be Headed For Settlement, per Report
Gov. Greg Abbott Backs Education Savings Accounts as School Choice Option for Texas Legislature
Majority of Texans Say Child Sex Change Procedures are 'Child Abuse' in New Poll


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Home>Forbes: Is Illinois Exporting Corruption Into Missouri?
Forbes: Is Illinois Exporting Corruption Into Missouri?
Original article Here.
Across America, taxpayers are concerned about politicians rigging the system. In many cases this looks like a "friends and family plan" in which the close associates of politicians get special favors and perks. A prime example is the campaign fund of Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel. During the 2015 mayor's race, our team at OpenTheBooks.com found 600 Emanuel donors who contributed $7 million in campaign cash (2011-2014) while their affiliated companies received $2 billion in city payments (since 2002).
Emanuel was hardly the first Illinois politician to engage in "pay to play" politics. In 2008, the Chicago Tribune found that 235 individuals made donations of exactly $25,000 to then-Governor Rod Blagojevich's campaign and discovered that "3 of 4 donations came from companies or interest groups who got something."
If Missouri Sen. Kurt Schaefer's (R-Columbia) campaign for Attorney General is any guide, it looks like the "Show Me" state may be following in Illinois' footsteps.
Our investigators at OpenTheBooks.com have discovered that, since 2008, Schaefer raised $720,000 in campaign cash from 271 individual donors and their affiliated companies that also received $3.1 billion in state payments.
Use the interactive map above to search all FY2015 Missouri state payments to companies by ZIP code: zoom-in and click a pin to see state payments.
Schaefer isn't a household name but he's the big boss in the Missouri Senate. As either second-in-command or Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee since 2009 – Schaefer is in a position to win friends and influence people. Now, the ambitious Schaefer is running for the top law enforcement position in Missouri: Attorney General. So, our organization at OpenTheBooks.com compared the FY2008-2015 Missouri state checkbook with his campaign donations. Here's what we found:
Two hundred-seventy one individuals or their affiliated companies gave $720,000 in political cash to Schaefer's campaign committee. Those companies received $3.1 billion in state payments since 2008. That means campaign gifts from interested parties amounted to $1 of every $3 of Schaefer's $2.08 million in campaign cash on-hand as of April 30, 2016.
All of these transactions are legal, but the pattern is troubling. Missouri may want to learn an ethics lesson from Illinois before it's too late.
After the Blagojevich debacle, Illinois passed a "pay to play" prohibition. Any company receiving more than $50,000 in state funds is barred from contributing to statewide candidates or officials responsible for awarding the contracts.
What would happen if we applied a law similar to the Illinois ethics law to Schaefer's campaign fund? Our analysis shows that 154 of his donors might have been stopped from contributing nearly $500,000 since 2008. In fact, 24 of Schaefer's top 30 potentially conflicted donors (or their affiliated firms) received more than $50,000 in payments from the state of Missouri since 2008.
Here are some examples of Schaefer's campaign donors with potential conflicts-of-interest:
Among companies receiving state payments, the top contributor to Schaefer's campaign fund is Schaefer's place of employment, the law firm of Lathrop & Gage LLP. Since 2008, the firm, partners and employees gave Schaefer $48,604 in campaign donations. Meanwhile, state records show the firm received state payments of $66,319.
While a partner at Lathrop & Gage, Schaefer faced allegations that he used his state senate position to benefit the law firm's clients. In 2013, the allegations includedSchaefer's support of legislation that allowed Chinese-owned companies to buy tens of thousands of acres of Missouri farmland. The now Chinese-owned Smithfield Foods company received that perk and Schaefer's campaign fund received $30,000 from them (2013-2015).
Did Schaefer play favorites in his hometown of Columbia, Missouri? The Columbia-based Machen auto dealerships received $51.9 million in state business since 2008 and gave $6,750 in campaign donations to Schaefer. Emery Sapp & Sons received $315.2 million in state payments and gave $5,125 in campaign cash. MFA Oil Co received $121.3 million in state payments and gave $3,800 in campaign cash. (All campaign donations to Schaefer from the entities cited above were from partners, employees or the companies since 2008.)
With Schaefer creating the appearance of favoritism and cronyism on many levels, we asked him to release his personal income tax returns. We talked to his campaign manager, but at press time, Schaefer hadn't responded on the merits.
It's alleged that other major campaign donors received the benefit of Schaefer carrying their legislation. For example, the Missouri Association of Realtors PAC gave $109,155 in direct and in-kind donations since 2008. The Realtors also funded an organization to fight off the elimination of the state's income tax by hiring Schaefer's chief of staff as a political consultant.
For the good of Missouri, here's our recommendation: Take a lesson from fifteen states including Illinois and enact a tough "pay to play" law for statewide offices and officials responsible for awarding contracts, or other types of state payments.
I've often complained that corruption is the number one manufactured product in Illinois. If Missouri doesn't rein in its politicians, corruption may become Illinois' leading export.
According to a representative at Strong Garner Bauer, payments of $9.8 million (listed on our information graphic within this article) gleaned from the Missouri state checkbook "actually consisted of a jury award to their client in a suit against a state entity, a Chiropractor the state board put out of business through their gross negligence."
The state payments were not as a result of state services (nor did we represent them to be state services – we've consistently used the more accurate term 'state payments').
We appreciate the additional context regarding the public purpose for the state payment into the law firm. Readers should be aware that the vast majority of all public payments would not have a legally actionable quid-pro-quo behind them – nor have we represented any such conduct. As we have stated in the article, at arm's length, all of the transactions involving entities receiving 'state payments' and giving 'campaign donations' are entirely within the legality of Missouri statutes at this time.
Adam Andrzejewski is the CEO of OpenTheBooks.com - the worlds largest private database of government spending.


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Q: Malloc struct pointer error #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct vertex_t* Vertex;
struct vertex_t {
    int id;
    char *str;
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int size = 10;
    Vertex* vertexList = (Vertex*)malloc(size * sizeof(Vertex));
    vertexList[0]->id = 5;
    vertexList[0]->str = "helloworld";
    printf("id is %d", vertexList[0]->id);
    printf("str is %s", vertexList[0]->str);

    return(0);
}

Hi! I'm trying to malloc for an array of Vertex. When i run the program, it didn't print out anything and says that the program has stopped running. But if i just gave a value to vertexList[0]->id and not vertexList[0]->str and printed just vertexList[0], it would print out "id is 5"...and then still program stopped. So i think i did something wrong with the malloc part?? :/ Thank you in advance for the help!!!

A: Doing a typedef of a pointer type is usually a bad idea, because you don't know what is a pointer and what not, and you end up messing the memory management.
Ignore the Vertex typedef and just do:
struct vertex_t* vertexList = malloc(size * sizeof(struct vertex_t));

And everything else will fit together.
If you think that the struct vertex_t is very verbose, you may do:
typedef struct vertex_t Vertex;
Vertex *vertexList = malloc(size * sizeof(Vertex));

Note how my typedef does not hide a pointer, only a struct.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


As part of our on-going expansion Cleaner Products is seeking a distribution partner for the county of Surrey.
We are an extremely successful chemical manufacturing brand and supply the hospitality and catering sectors, we are looking for an individual with an entrepreneurial spirt and a background in business development or the service sector to join us.
This opportunity maybe the break you've been seeking and unlike a franchise opportunity there is no large financial investment, we simple require the right person.
If you would like to discuss this opportunity then let's have an informal chat.


text:
Oscars 2022: Sheila E, Travis Barker, Robert Glasper, Adam Blackstone to perform together
By Jonathan Landrum Jr., AP Entertainment Writer
ABC13 Houston
Read full article on original website
Jimmy Kimmel takes trip down memory lane to celebrate 20th anniversary of 'Jimmy Kimmel Live!'
HOLLYWOOD -- On Jan. 26, 2003, the world saw the debut of "Jimmy Kimmel Live." This week, the show will celebrate its 20th anniversary with a special broadcast in prime time. There was a party recently to celebrate Kimmel's big milestone and he admitted he's surprised at his late-night longevity.
'The Proud Family: Louder and Prouder' season 2 now streaming on Disney+
NEW YORK -- For some who came of age after the year 2000, "The Proud Family" remains a touchstone. As so many of you saw yourselves in the animated tale of one very boisterous family. A reboot on Disney+ called "The Proud Family: Louder and Prouder" did well enough to warrant a second season that has now begun streaming.
NEW YORK STATE・ 2 DAYS AGO


What did you think about the course staff ? How did they support your learning and university experience?
"Wow, what can I say about the course staff in the history department at NTU? They were fantastic. I got all the pastoral and academic support I required and felt supported by them throughout my three years of study. Doors were always open for students seeking advice with the course material, university life, or general catch-ups.
"From day one, every member of staff made me feel welcome and a valued part of the department. They pushed me intellectually and helped me develop personally too. The enthusiasm of lecturers and class teachers was infectious and certainly played a key role in my decision to pursue a career in academia. I could tell that the department chose its staff carefully and really supported one another with seminars and events well attended by both staff and students.
"Since graduating from NTU in 2011 with a First Class degree I have embarked on a career in academia.
"I was supported by staff in the history department at NTU in my applications for postgraduate study and secured a place to study for an MSc in Global History at the London School of Economics. This was a great stepping-stone beyond the undergraduate experience and I got to use all the skills I developed at NTU. I was awarded an MSc with Distinction in 2012 and took this into the workplace while I worked on an application for a PhD program in history, which I started the following year at the London School of Economics.
"Completing my PhD studies, submitting my thesis and passing my viva reminded me of just how far I have come since starting my undergraduate studies at NTU. I feel such a sense of achievement coming from a state school and college in Wakefield, with A-level results which were far from impressive, and successfully making it through an undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD program, to reach my dream of teaching and researching in a leading university.
"One of the greatest challenges of my current role is designing undergraduate modules that are current and relevant, whilst being interesting and engaging for 1,600 students across all departments and degree courses at the LSE. This requires an open mind and a little creativity in producing a classroom environment that brings together students from a range of degrees and academic backgrounds.
"In a pragmatic sense, my studies in history have been central to my career progression to date. I have studied history at every degree level and wrote my PhD thesis based on my own historical research. Without these qualifications, I would not have been able to work in academia. In a broader sense, my history studies have fundamentally changed the way I approach problem solving and analytical challenges.
"Studying history and economic history, has taught me the importance of context and of asking questions of information in front of me. Rigorous critical analysis of large amounts of information requires a skillset that allows me to quickly determine what is relevant, what can help me answer a question or solve a problem, and which information, whilst interesting, may be peripheral. It was my undergraduate degree that first introduced me to these skills and I have taken them into the workplace inside and outside of academia.
Be open and don't be afraid to make mistakes: I did, frequently, but I quickly learnt that it is how you deal with these that counts. There is so much pressure to make the right choices at every juncture in life: GCSE's, A-Levels, work experience, university, degree course, and employment. By the time I reached university I thought I'd made the 'wrong' choice at the first three of these. But without these choices and the experience I got as a result of them, I wouldn't have got a degree that set me on track for a career doing something I love. Expect the unexpected and embrace it.
Talk to people: most of the opportunities that have come my way have been a result of talking to people anywhere and everywhere. Be honest and genuine too: build relationships that will last. You find out so much about what people are interested in (potential employers included) and you never know who you might meet, people have a good memory when you make a good impression.
Joseph is an Alumni Fellow, he donates his time to support and inspire our current students. Visit our Alumni Fellowship page to find out how you can get involved.


Welcome to Pediatric Cardiology Center of Oregon!
We are a full-service pediatric cardiology group based at Legacy Emanuel Medical Center and the Randall Children's Hospital. We're positioned to provide the best in pediatric cardiology patient care — from fetal life and on into adulthood — and our Portland pediatric cardiologists provide an unparalleled level of expertise in cardiac imaging, catheter interventions, and electrophysiology.
Our partnership with Legacy's pediatric cardiothoracic surgeons, including doctors John Iguidbashian and Hagop Hovaguimian, means that we remain at the forefront of surgical treatment for complex congenital heart diseases.
In addition to Randall Children's Hospital and our main Portland office, we also visit with patients at clinic locations throughout the state of Oregon and southwest Washington.
At PCCO, we focus on the little ones. The specific focus and mission of Pediatric Cardiology Center of Oregon: to treat congenital heart disease while providing both patients and parents with the most positive and comfortable medical experience possible.
You'll notice the difference between PCCO and other facilities right away. Our relatively small size allows us room to provide gentle, focused care for pediatric cardiology patients. We like to get to know our patients and their extended families, and we like for them to get to know us!
Everyone from our Portland pediatric cardiology surgeons to our medical assistants takes the time to familiarize themselves with patients who have entrusted our staff with their care.
Plus, our pediatric cardiology office is warm, welcoming, and filled with bright colors — blues, greens, oranges — and picture books, movies, toys, and mobiles. We understand that doctor's offices can be scary places, so we designed a fun and inviting atmosphere for the kids.
PCCO is also privately owned, which means we're not tied down by a lot of operational policies and procedures. We've eliminated the red tape and cleared out the clutter. We do things our own way so that we can be better, faster, and more efficient.
Other clinics and hospitals simply don't do what we do — which is to go above and beyond to inform patients of each and every medical procedure and to assist with insurance authorizations. You'll never be in the dark or out of the loop when it comes to caring for your little one, regardless of your personal or financial background.
Contact Pediatric Cardiology Center of Oregon today.
Patient Portal LoginLet us know how we're doing!


text:
My circus, my monkeys: Meet the freaks of Lusus Naturae!
It's been a long time since I've been this excited about completing a WIP. There's a new circus in town and it's not like any circus you've ever seen! Check out the main characters who entertain the crowds at Lusus Naturae Circus - where the show never ends and magic is a verb! Coming in 2019!
Meet the Freaks:
Rosa and Shirley Hawkings
The show's double conjoined anomalies who've shared everything, including a wishbone-shaped spine since birth, Rosa and Shirley Hawkings, know how to put on a show.
Rosa has a huge—or very tiny, depending on how literal you are—secret. It's a secret that will flip all they have planned acrobat-upside-down and twist the very future of Lusus Naturae Circus. But let's not get ahead of ourselves…
Ladies and gents, boys and girls, meet The Twins! Nicknamed Left and Right, they are sure to delight! Marvelous indeed. But more normal, too, than one might think. You see, the Hawkings sisters have pretty ordinary dreams.
Both hope to marry and have children one day – setting up separate households and spending time with each husband and family three days a week. They plan on leaving Sundays for themselves. They've only talked about this their entire lives and Shirley is a marvelous planner. What could possibly go wrong?
After years of both discussion and compromise on their adjoined plan, they've finally got a clear picture of their individual futures with families of their own. The only problem is, well, they haven't quite locked down their men. Fear not! They're working on it. The show's tattooed man for Right and pint-sized ringmaster for Left. Sounds simple, right? Have you forgotten Rosa's secret?
Worry less! Every great performance has its juggling act and the sisters are used to odd predicaments. You see, the twins are double pygopagus twins. They are connected at the base of their spines as well as by a vain patch between their necks. They share common circulatory and nervous systems but are otherwise independent. What more should you know? Our resident Giant reports that they weigh 190 pounds together with Rosa carrying the bulk of it. This, for sure, is an ongoing source of contention between them. Rosa is tired of being considered the fat, ugly twin. Shirley is sick of comparisons to a doll. Aww, the problems of being unsymmetrical. And, folks? That's not all!
They are just short of five feet tall and have their own vital parts, including sex organs. Imagine that! Most days, both sisters wish they had been born parasitic twins with one twin dormant. It's a complicated matter of fact.
At the same time, they are glad they have each other in times of both crisis and achievement. Doctors, specialists and surgeons alike have all agree – they can never be separated. They are, indeed, peculiar but very naturally born freaks. It's the way our Puppet Master intended it to be. And so the show goes on.
Rosa has eyes for Slash Jones while Shirley is in love with Church Schow. Neither is entirely secure in their relationships and how the two rivals will ultimately get along. This brings us back to the secret:
On top of the fetus she carries in her unshared womb, Rosa has another. Yes. Allow me to confirm. One of the twins is pregnant. There's more. Rosa was born with the supernatural power of the ability to read minds and see futures. The only person she's sure knows is our very own Madame Lusus who shares the very same powers of her own.
Please know: Rosa can't always bring this on at will. It just happens. But when it does? She's never wrong. She refuses to share this gift with her sister for reasons mostly unknown. The bigger twin prays she won't pass this ability on to her child and needs to find a way to get Lusus onboard with her latest premonitions.
You see, there are two very new and illusive performers in the show. With big decisions ahead for Lusus, her ability to focus on Rosa's warnings is imperative to the future of the show. What happens between them matters more than ever before with the impending arrival of Rosa's baby. Will the jealousy our barren Lusus must tackle be enough to get in the way of what could ultimately bring the tents down?
Slash Jones
And then, ladies and gents, we have our newest circus dad! A reluctant 'normal' born freak, tattooed man and shock artist Slash Jones is the product of a family with a rich circus legacy. His mother was a little person and his father had a growth so big in the shape of a horn coming from his abdomen that it's now on permanent display at the Mutter Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Be careful what you might believe. Slash is not ashamed of his chosen status as a freak. Instead, he is certain ascertaining the title "is goals, man" and was raised to believe that being born a 'natural freak' is the equivalent of being one of God's chosen people. For this reason, he is obsessed with the most curious performers in the show. While he'd be entirely up for Left and Right's plan to make a part-time husband out of him, constant battles with Shirley's crush and Left herself make that hard.
Of course, Rosa's pregnancy won't make the delicate balance in co-parenting with conjoined twins any easier. But Slash isn't one to turn down a challenge. He's a man who prides himself on being able to swallow fire without the use of charcoal. He won't allow their complicated predicament or Shirley either to keep him from his child. For now, he'll let Rosa figure that out. His goal, at the moment, is mastering the swallower's pole.
In the meantime, tattooing and extreme scarification including mimicking his father's horn out of an old, dulled tent stake, are the closest he can get to being a rarity himself. He often feels inadequate because he wasn't a natural-born mutant. Insanely jealous of Church Schow, the show's ring master and the man Rosa's twin is in love with, the animosity is mutual.
But the show goes on and Slash Jones know: it's the twisted relationships in the circus that keep things interesting. While he's a simple man who can usually quickly make sense of things, the one person he can't quite figure out is his mentor and the freakiest of all – Bailey 'Ax' Brown. There's just something about him, folks. And it when it's revealed, Slash's entire plan as a family man may just bottom out.
Finley Sutton
Step right up! Watch the show's most daring charmer curl around the most poisonous snake this side of the equator! Meet the show's gender-fluid snake charmer with the dual human ability to twist realities. Finley Sutton charms humans as easily as snakes. Both manipulative and cunning, those who truly know Finley—no one we know—understand he/she cannot be trusted for he/she has no interest in truth. At least, that's the rumor.
Finley Sutton has personal agendas that no one at Lusus Naturae knows. Yet, the illusions he/she spins are imperative to the show's future. This person is very powerful. Hell, the charmer's got Dog Boy ready at any moment to kill just for spectacle of it all.
Lusus Naturae Circus's most loved known sociopath, Sutton is a cunning liar but also knows how to get the truth out of people. Sutton is the show's biggest uncertainty and is motivated not by what will be in the greater good but only for self.
With a dark past and odd connection to the Hawkings sisters, it's only a matter of time before Finley intentionally and precisely allows the show's darkest secret out. Until then, there are motivations and obsessions to derail. There are tales to spin and relationships to change. Like boa constrictors round the gut of a charmer's waist, Finley Sutton will stop at nothing to ensure that karma is arranged.
It's an act you can't afford to miss and at $19.99, where's the complaint? I'm telling you, folks, this is an act to see!
Whispers Spinler-Goorick
What carnival would be complete without a human seal? A natural freak, Whispers Spinler-Goorick suffers from a condition known as phocomelia. She has no arms to speak of and is otherwise known as Seal Girl. It's marvelous, indeed. The tiny stubs that would have been her arms grow out from her shoulders and look more like hands; each with three fingers. Yes. You heard that right: a grand total of six. People often compare her to a pinniped. A natural-born freak, she is one of the oddity tent's greatest commodities and the candy apple of her Giant father's eye. She is well-liked by most all the other freaks and the surrogate daughter of the show's fat lady, Truly.
But the show's not over. We've only just begun. If you look at the base of your rows, we are selling popcorn. Just $5 will get you some! What we have to offer you here is better than any reality show. Ladies! Listen up. Whispers is in love with Church Schow. She despises the Hawkings sisters—specifically Shirley—for this reason. The two are known for fights Rosa is left to break up or ignore. And when you're bettin' on half of a conjoined twin or a human seal, where do you lay your cards? Before you lay down your chips, you should know more:
Whispers has no current biological family to speak of. As a child, she was locked in the attic of her well-to-do biological family's massive home. Her birth mother, a devout follower of extreme religious beliefs, believed her daughter's deformities were punishment for a one-time affair with a man who called himself a profit. Of this fact, Whispers' biological mother's husband, was entirely unaware. But fret not, ladies and gents. It's not like it mattered. For this reason and her spectacular deformities, Whispers was dropped off at the circus and left with Truly at ten years old.
It was a blessing the kind you read about only in the curiosities tents. Down six trailers and straight to your left. Since joining the show a decade ago, she's never looked back and wouldn't want to be found. For us, the circus is home. Don't believe me? Ask her yourself for a $10 VIP pass. She will tell you that even if her birth mother changed her mind, Whispers would never go back. Not even if she had her heart torn in two by Church and a twig of a twin called Left.
Church Schow
It doesn't end there. Not even close. What show would be whole without a little person clown? Fully grown, Church Schow stands forty-three inches and weighs less than seventy pounds. He is considered the modern-day Tom Thumb. Church does his best to avoid drama but it always seems to find him especially when it comes to Left and Right. Like I told you before, Left—Shirley Hawking—is in love with him. He isn't quite sure the feelings are mutual and would rather not deal with it at all if it means competing with shock artist Slash Jones.
Church works as the show's ringmaster and dresses as a clown. He can't figure out why Dog Boy is so jealous of him. Slash? Well, that's easy. He's always wanted to be a natural born freak and is in love with Right. But Dog Boy? He's the best kind of freak there is – he can hide his mutation and pull it out only on demand. Church would rather have a tail than be a little person. He could hide a tail.
Most days, Church does the best he can to avoid spectacle. He's rarely successful. At night, after the lights go down, he likes to spend time with Left but more as a friend than anything. At least, this is what he tells himself. He can't imagine a life trying to deal with Right's snoring. Still, there's something about Shirley.
Neither of them get enough sleep because of late nights sneaking whisky. And lately, he's been grouchy because time alone with Shirl has been rare with Slash constantly around for Rose. That's not all. It's even worse with Whispers—a girl Left believes far too young for him—chasing him. At the end of the day, he's starting to wish he'd never agreed to be part of the show at all. He's beginning to rethink everything. But what would the show be without its favored clown?
Truly Abbot-Goorick
It's not done, folks! Beyond the sights lie the sounds. Hear that? It's the voice of an angel. The show's token fat lady (who sings) Truly 'Dimps' Abbot-Goorick is known to consume 10,000 calories a day with the current weight of 683, a bust line of 72 inches, upper arms of 44 inches, and the best singing voice anyone's ever heard. She is well-liked by the rest of the freaks and known as the show's mother figure to a heck of a lot more anomalies than just our Seal Girl, Whispers.
When not stuffing pies down, Dimps is often found breaking up scuffles between younger performers and serves as the troupe's confidant. She is adopted mother to Seal Girl and regrets not having children of her own. Still, she's made peace with decisions of the past and always does her best to look forward toward the best interests of the show.
Married to giant Logan, Truly is not afraid to stand up to over-sized him or anyone else. Because of her close relationship with Lusus—the show's top dog—she is well respected among the freaks but looked down upon by nutrition-conscious townies from one fairground to the next. She's over it.
Lately, she just doesn't have the same desire for eating. It's a problem – given that the show's finances are struggling and her entire act depends on the size of both her appetite and diameter. She tells herself this may not be a problem for long, not with Lusus' attention on rebranding the whole of the show. And certainly not with other key act waistlines growing on their own…
Bailey 'Ax' Brown
Business plans and measurements aside, and even after the fat lady sings, the midway wheezes on! There are shock artists here to delight. You, too, can be awed and amazed as they risk their very lives to send you away with memories of a lifetime!
Born with a cleft palate so severe it looks like his face was split by an ax, Bailey 'Ax' Brown is constantly drooling and not just over swallowing swords. He's taken advantage of his deformity and has turned his situation into natural lubricant repurposed to amuse.
He swallows swords like no one can. As not only a natural born 'freak,' but a shock performer, he swigs flames too. To help his body cope with things like the nails he pounds through his nose, he uses saline spray – a trick only a circus like ours would be transparent enough to tell you! Ax also ingests charcoal tablets to deal with the effects of swallowed glass and ash in his system. His life goal is to win on the reality television show "Fear Factor" and—believe me, ladies and gents—he stands a hell of a chance. Now, if he can only get over his fear of snakes…
These days, Ax can't get his mind off another goal: kissing a man who stands six feet tall, is covered in ink and has a modified horn sewn into his abdomen. Ax's mentee and intended future lifelong mate, this artificial freak is constantly following him around. Ax doesn't mind at all. In fact, he would love to get closer to Slash Jones.
He only has one complaint. Or maybe it's two or three? You, ladies and gents, decide for yourselves what number that might be. Here's what Ax thinks: If only Slash would stop being so envious of him and chasing after the twins. But love is never that simple. For years, there's been tension between the pair. Ax believes it boils down to Slash being jealous of his own natural mutations. But it's not like he asked to be born like this. Determined to win Slash's love, Ax continually promises Slash he'll help him become one of the best shock artists the show's ever seen. It's a promise he fully intends to keep. That doesn't mean it will be easy. And it still leaves them with the problem of Shirley.
It's hard being a rarity. That's what Slash doesn't understand. Most days, Bailey believes he has no true friends and often complains he feels very alone. This might not be a problem at all, if it wasn't for Finley – a guy with an agenda all his own who has set out to help Ax land his tattooed crush. There are times, folks, when keeping track of it all is exhausting. That's when the tales come in. Here, they are both the kind that you spin and the other you'd find on a dog.
Dog Boy
Which brings me here, my friends. Children of all ages: meet our newest freak. It is said Dog Boy is the most elusive and terrifying of them all.
Xavier Michael Gleason was born with a four-inch hairless and furless tail. Others tease him about this and call it his 'fairy tale.' He hates it. He's tired of being teased. It's been happening since he was a kid living with a wanna-be witch and beast.
Dog Boy has secrets that are lesser known than his contempt for bullies. Can you keep a secret please? What happens at Lusus Naturae must stay here and here alone. Dog Boy's is a secret to keep to ensure the show goes on.
Severely abused as a child, Xavier came to show to run away from a former life as a Halloween haunted hayride performer where he killed multiple people playing the master of karma.
Now, and new to Lusus Nature Circus, he's trying to play it straight and regrets the life he led that brought him to become rabid in every sense of the word.
But with a canine half breed comes loyalty. Xavier is closely aligned with Finley – enough to kill for him/her. And the show's freaks are the first family Dog Boy has ever really known. Because of this and with his violent past, Xavier is also considered the protector of the freaks yet most don't really know why. In their confusion, though, they aren't alone.
Dog Boy has no idea that Rosa can see his past, present and future and that, even under the veil of dark tents, secrets are mostly impossible to keep. It is, perhaps, the circus show's most epic curiosity of them all.
Speaking of things curious: Logan Goorick, stands about eight feet, 6 ½ inches tall. He weighs 425 pounds and wears size 24 shoes. He was not employable in the outside world because he didn't fit well into tiny shops and offices. Besides, constant questions of why he didn't play basketball quickly got old. Logan came to the show at thirty years old.
These days, and only for now, he runs the travelling oddities tents and works during his off time as the show's top freak finder. He has a problem with townies—that's you, folks—and anyone considered 'normal'. He doesn't trust them. At the same time, he wishes to be one of them. It would be nice to blend in to a crowd. His one exception to this is the average-born freaks in the circus who work as shock performers. Those, he respects and those alone.
Logan is gentle and soft-spoken most of the time but has quite the temper behind closed doors. He is newly married to Truly – the show's singing fat lady and has come to adore their adopted daughter Whispers.
Lately, his frustrations come with rumors that Lusus—the show's boss lady—has plans to take the curiosities tents down. She believes they are bad publicity. But in an era fixated on what is or isn't 'PC,' the old-fashioned giant still believes there's fortune to be made off the show's legacy of selling the most extreme and unusual curiosities. He's determined to convince her. After all, it's the freaks that sell the show. And boy, he would know…
Lusus Naturae-Voss
Ladies and gents – the one you're been waiting for! With no further ado, the star of our show! Let's get a round of applause for our very own Lusus!
Lusus Naturae-Voss is an enchanted fortune teller with the ability to read thoughts and fates on demand. She is also the show's top boss and namesake. Alas, it didn't start out that way.
Ironically, she was born entirely normal; an unfortunate thing the way she sees it. Lately, she feels like she spends more of her time than anything doing a lot of babysitting. She's tired of it and tries to leave most of that up to her best friend, Truly. Generally, and like with many things, she's unsuccessful.
Lusus is married to Frankie Voss, otherwise known as Lizard Man. She desperately hopes to get pregnant but her abilities tell her a baby freak isn't exactly in the cards. She's determined to ignore her instincts and shove lady luck in her direction. For now, she'll have to settle on babying the show.
Lusus, like Slash Jones and Skeleton Man, comes from a long line of natural-born freaks. Other than being born with supernatural abilities and the gift of mind reading, she appears entirely normal. Still, she can relate to the physically deformed and has always aligned with their struggles.
Even with her limited freakishness, at times, she believes her gifts to be more of a curse than anything. For this reason, she has learned to turn it off and rarely gives readings. These days, she has no interest in talking to Rosa – the only other at the show to share her abilities. Something tells her there's something Rosa would want her to know.
When she and Truly aren't in cahoots about how to better manage the show, they talk recipes, books, fertility and even weather patterns – anything to feel normal. Sometimes, extraordinary circus life gets old.
Still, the circus is what Lusus knows. For this reason, she has grown her hair out so long she can step on it. She believes cutting it would curse the show and—like The Tattooed Man—enjoys playing with matters of self-expression. Besides, she's read that femininity equates to better fertility.
Like Truly and Slash Jones, Lusus sees natural born freaks as wonders and wants to do something about the circus arts' legacy of using them poorly. She's determined to make Lusus Naturae Circus a forever home to the otherwise abandoned. There is nothing she won't do, including risk the show, to make it a safer place for her someday-child and the others who are coming of age in the show. The problem is, when she turns on her abilities, she identifies the illusion to it all.
First things first. With the circus in another financial crunch, Lusus is determined to shut the curiosities tents down and replace them with exhibits more freak-friendly. It will not be another House of Flesh – she's sure about that. But Giant and the rest of the show continue to resist. It's a business decision that will put her at odds with the very freaks she's trying to protect. Because at the circus? The spectacle of even the littlest of details never runs old.
Skeleton Man
Step closer to our exhibition tents where men so thin will show you their bones! While the boss is juggling matters of business, Skeleton Man is ignoring them as a living anatomy chart. He'll show you his ribs for a mere fifty cents. Got a dollar? A full-on leg bone.
You see, folks, Nolan Ranson can't put on weight no matter how hard he tries. Six feet tall and 110 pounds, Skeleton Man has given up on marathon eating sessions and tips from Truly. He is who he is, he supposes. With his health starting to fail, he can't help but worry.
He also suffers from a skin condition that makes his hair fall out. He's tired of distressing about it. After all, the circus is his home. For now, he vows to try to play content. His act involves riding around on miniature ponies. He is in love with Finley Sutton but temporarily has no idea how mentally ill the show's resident snake charmer really is. For this reason, brutally honest Skeleton Man in great danger. An animal lover, it may take making friends with a man who is half-dog to save himself.
You thought that was all? No, no! We have every kind of freak in this show. Lizard Man is the scariest-looing of all. Frankie Voss suffers from a skin condition that makes his skin scaly like a reptile. He'd kill to have skin like Skeleton Man's. He figures, at least, bald, there are no scales.
Newly married to Lusus, the show's owner and boss, Frankie is well-regarded but not on his own merit. He is often referred to as 'Mr. Lusus.' He resents the fact that even though he was born a natural freak, he hasn't yet carved out a practiced shock act of his own.
He often hangs out with Ax, Slash and the other shock artists to learn new tricks but hasn't come up with anything of substance quite yet. He's tired of the never-ending drama and often wonders if he made a mistake in marrying Lusus.
Lizard Man's not sure circus life in a travelling show is a place for a kid at all. He's made sure not to pass on what could only be a retched legacy to an impossible-now baby freak. The only problem is, his wife—and the boss lady in charge—doesn't know.
Worse yet? There are other issues at hand. Lusus plans to replace the freak tents with something more 'politically correct.' Secretly, Frankie is in agreement with the others. Ditching the freak tents would be the death of the carnival. Yet, he's torn. If she followed through, it might give them all a chance to start over.
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As it happened: The promise—and betrayal—of Iran's 1979 revolution
February 11, 2019	3:06 PM CST By Special to People's World
The promise and the betrayal: A young participant in Iran's 1979 Revolution holds a rifle with a red carnation in its barrel. Behind him on the wall is graffiti depicting Ayatollah Khomeini, who would ultimately lead the revolution far away from its democratic roots. | AP
In the fall of 1978, massive waves of unrest and strikes—led largely by Iran's oil workers—swept that country. By early 1979, the tyrannical government of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was pushed from power. The Revolution of February 1979 was the work of a wide range of class and social forces, united on a program of democracy and anti-imperialism. Within a short time, the Shi'ite religious fundamentalist groups around Ayatollah Khomeini that controlled the new government of the Islamic Republic, however, moved against the secular left revolutionary forces, particularly the Tudeh Party of Iran. By the early years of the 1980s, it was clear that the revolution had been betrayed. What follows are excerpts from articles printed in the Daily World, predecessor of People's World, that cover developments in Iran as they happened. Most are written by Tom Foley, the Daily World's chief correspondent on Iran for most of those years. For a perspective on Iran today, see People's World's interview with Mohammad Omidvar, a member of the political bureau of the Tudeh Party.
On Iran: Much is told, more is omitted
Tom Foley | May 9, 1969
The Shah owes his throne to the CIA and the oil companies. There is an army of police spies in Iran, trained by former New Jersey State Police chief Norman Schwarzkopf. There are probably more than 20,000 political prisoners…in the shah's dungeons. American diplomats in Iran told me they had spotted at least five separate prisons for political offenders in trips around the country.
I saw the Shah's U.S.-trained paratroops go into Tehran University in January 1962 and, under his orders, kill, maim, and rape students and then beat up the few brave doctors who came to tend the injured. I also remember the American officials who laughed about it and said, "They were probably all Communists anyway." I did notice that the blood sprayed on the ceilings after the paratroops finished clubbing and trampling the students was red, but it had not occurred to me that this was an indication of political allegiance….
The Iranian Tudeh Party was the main anti-imperialist force in Iran up to 1953, and in that year was the prime target of the CIA, the Shah, and the oil companies. It was the Tudeh Party that organized and led over 400,000 Iranian workers, including all the oil workers, in Iran. It had a military section composed of hundreds of progressive Iranian army officers…. At least half the Iranian intelligentsia was in its ranks, while most of the other half followed its leadership.
Since 1953, the Tudeh has been subjected to especially fiendish persecution, but it is still there as an active force among Iran's workers and peasants.
Crises mount for Shah's regime
Tom Foley | November 9, 1979
Striking Iranian oil workers in 1978. | Public Domain
Food and fuel supplies in Iran's major cities were running out fast on Wednesday as strikes began to choke the Shah's dictatorial regime. The new military government of Gen. Gholam Reza Azhari late Tuesday made important concessions to Iran's 40,000 striking oil workers by arresting Gen. Nematollah Nasiri, former chief of the dread SAVAK secret police agency, and over 50 other notorious Shah henchmen.
It seemed doubtful to most observers that the arrests would check the surging anti-Shah strike movement…. [but] the facts argued against transforming the struggle into a military one: The Shah's forces are armed to the teeth by the U.S. and capable of reducing any Iranian city to smoking rubble. The anti-Shah forces have no arms to speak of and are relying on mass strike actions, not guns and bullets.
International news comments drew comparisons between the Shah and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, sometimes referred to as "Nicholas the Last," whose fall was brought about by angry women who started a riot in a bread line in Petrograd in February 1917. That was the end of the tsars, but only the beginning of struggle in Russia.
Shah reaches Egypt in flight to U.S.
Tom Foley | January 17, 1979
The Shah, left, with President Jimmy Carter, right, in November 1977. | AP
The Shah of Iran arrived yesterday in Aswan, Egypt, on his way to the U.S. after 13 months of mass demonstrations against his rule. It was the political strike of Iran's 67,000 oil workers that forced the Shah in the end to slink out of the country.
Overjoyed Iranians flooded Tehran's streets as they learned of the Shah's departure. The laughed, cheered, wept, danced atop cars, blew car horns, tossed flowers and candy, and waved portraits of exiled Iranian Shi'ite Muslim leader, the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. They also pulled down the statue of Reza Shah, the Shah's father and founder of the Pahlavi dynasty.
The U.S. capitalist news media, in an obvious effort to stir sympathy for the Iranian tyrant, said that the Shah "wept openly" as he left Iran. His personal fortune is estimated at between $3 billion and $23 billion, much of it stashed away abroad, so he is not going to suffer financial hardship.
As many as 10,000 Iranians—men, women, and children—may have been killed in the Shah's vain attempt to crush the past 13 months of strikes and protests, and there are an estimated 25,000 to 100,000 political prisoners in the Shah's jails.
In Paris yesterday, Ayatollah Khomeini greeted news of the Shah's departure. He is expected to go back to Iran within the next week. The Shah-appointed government of Premier Shahpur Bakhtiyar is given no chance to survive and may crumble in a few days.
Khomeini returns, warns of U.S. pro-Shah plot
Tom Foley | February 2, 1979
The Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini made a scorching attack on U.S. imperialism yesterday on arrival in Tehran after 15 years in exile…. In a speech at Tehran's Beheshte Zehra cemetery, where over 1,500 of his slain followers lie buried, Khomeini said the U.S. was plotting to put Mohammed Reza Pahlavi back in power, "but," he declared, "we will not let the U.S. bring the Shah back." He charged U.S. imperialism with plundering Iran and with using thousands of "advisers" to help the Shah kill, torture, and oppress the Iranian people….
Khomeini said he would appoint a revolutionary council to administer the country until democratic elections can be held for a constituent assembly to draw up a new constitution for Iran. Earlier, he said that the council and the government will not be composed primarily of Muslim clergy and that he will not be a member. He called for unity among all Iranian forces opposed to the Shah and fighting for democracy.
Iranian revolution moving ahead
Tom Foley | February 10, 1979
A Daily World headline from one of Tom Foley's articles. | People's World Archives
NEW YORK—Mehdi Bazargan, head of Iran's provisional government, said Friday: The Shah's departure was only the beginning. Today is the start of Phase Two of the revolution." Bazargan urged the Shah-appointed Premier, Shahpur Bakhtiyar, to resign immediately and hand over power to the provisional government. He stressed that the Bakhtiyar regime is completely isolated and has no popular support.
The program of the provisional government consists of six points: 1.) transfer of power from Bakhtiyar regime to the provisional government; 2.) a popular referendum on Iran's state system; 3.) reorganization of the power structure in Iran; 4.) elections for a constituent assembly; 5.) drafting of a new Iranian constitution; 6.) formation of a new government….
Bazargan, 73, a leading member of the National Front, is an engineer and head of the National Iranian Oil Company under former Premier Mohammed Mosaddeq. The Soviet news agency TASS said his appointment as head of the provisional government "is receiving the broadest support throughout Iran… The Iranian press notes that Bazargan is a bourgeois democrat who upholds Iran's independence, stands for scrapping the monarchy and creating a non-aligned Islamic republic."
Iran CP says: Expel U.S. 'advisers'
The Tudeh ("Masses") Party of Iran on Wednesday demanded that the Shah, members of his family, and closest aides be brought to trial for their crimes against the Iranian people. In a statement released in Paris, the Tudeh Party said that all U.S. advisers should be expelled from Iran and that all military pacts concluded by the Shah should be annulled.
The Tudeh Party was formed in 1941 out of the old Communist Party of Iran and is Iran's sole Marxist-Leninist party. Top U.S. officials have admitted they fear the Tudeh Party's considerable strength among Iran's oil workers.
Nureddin Kiyanuri, first secretary of the Tudeh Party, said, "The whole Iranian people have risen in struggle against the bankrupt monarchy, for a republic and for democratic rights, against imperialist domination, to save Iran's oil from the U.S. and British imperialists, and to annul Iran's military agreements with the U.S. and Britain."
Shah's wealth nationalized in Iran
The Iranian government Friday confiscated all property of the Shah and of members of his family, worth billions of dollars. The decree, adopted unanimously by the provisional government of Premier Mehdi Bazargan, applies to property both at home and abroad, including foreign bank deposits of over $20 billion.
The return to the Iranian people of the wealth created by them, which had been taken by force by the Shah, lays the foundations for a greatly expanded, genuinely nationalized sector of the Iranian economy. It is one of the most progressive measures taken thus far by the new government….
While the U.S. news media was doing everything possible to convince the U.S. public that chaos, anarchy, and civil war reigned in Iran, there was every indication that the situation in fact was being rapidly normalized. Khomeini, in a Friday morning nationwide radio broadcast urged members of the armed forces to resume their normal duties…and repeated his earlier statement that all strikes should end Saturday.
The end of the strikes should mean that Iran can begin putting its economic house in order…. The U.S., however, seems to be moving toward a complete break with the new Iran, including an economic boycott like that applied to socialist Cuba…. Underlying this is the feeling Washington officials have that the new Iran will cancel the 1954 oil concession agreement with the top U.S. and British oil monopolies. That agreement was signed after the CIA overthrew former Premier Mohammed Mosaddeq in 1953 and re-installed the Shah in power.
CIA's reactionary 'Moslem studies'
William Pomeroy | February 28, 1979
Ayatollah Khomeini, center, rallies his supporters in 1979. | AP
LONDON—It was reported on January 21 that…President Carter had ordered U.S. intelligence agencies to conduct a study of Moslem religious movements. This is to be undertaken, it was said, because an "Islamic revolt" had overthrown the Shah of Iran and U.S. intelligence agencies had been negligent in failing to pay attention to the Moslem factor in the Iranian revolution.
This brief report bristles with insinuations and implications. For one thing, it implies that the Shah and imperialist interests were the victims of a misunderstood religious movement, a movement moreover that allegedly opposed the Shah because he "tried to modernize" Iran.
In this aspect of the Carter Moslem line, the real causes of the anti-Shah revolt—brutal fascistic oppression related to neo-colonial control by imperialist multinational and military interests—and the real scope of the anti-Shah forces—a truly national movement cutting across class, social, and religious sectors—are to be blurred and confused. U.S. imperialism would thus hide its responsibility for the monstrous Shah regime and the revolution it created.
As for understanding Moslem religious movements, the U.S. government, its agencies, and the big corporations it serves have been dabbling long enough in Middle Eastern oil and in the affairs of those in whose soil it lies to understand perfectly well the Moslem beliefs and the Moslem way of life. It is well understood that class and national interests determine trends in the Middle East, and that Moslem or Islamic religious movements (of which there are many, as in the case of Christianity) reflect class and national conditions.
It doesn't take much intelligence work to grasp the fact that it has not been a case of the Iranian people identifying themselves with the Shi'ite Moslem faith that overthrew the Shah, but of the Shi'ite Moslem leaders like Khomeini identifying themselves with the revolutionary cause of the Iranian people suffering oppression.
Iran Marxists urge revolutionary unity
Tom Foley | March 21, 1979
The Tudeh Party of Iran, in its most recent statement—the first issued in Tehran itself since the revolution—urged the unity of all forces taking part in the Iranian people's revolution.
The statement declared the party's support for Khomeini and for the creation of an Islamic republic.
It said: "The main condition for achieving the aims of the people's revolution is the alliance of all forces taking part in the current revolutionary movement, regardless of their ideological, political, or philosophic views."
Who speaks for Iranian women?
Eliza Bennett | March 21, 1979
Thousands of women marching in the streets of Tehran on International Women's Day for their rights as women—for their right to dress as they please, what a beautiful sight!
Militant women asserting their rights as part of a revolutionary process after years of feudal oppression is a marvelous sight indeed. It invokes images of those women of the Soviet Far East who burned their thick horse hair veils in order to declare their path to liberation and support for their revolution….
[T]he original demonstration planned for March 8 in Tehran was to be a small affair, in honor of those women killed in the revolution. Ayatollah Khomeini's suggestion on March 7 that women must cover themselves with the chador (a head to toe, loosely draped robe) in accordance with the Moslem tradition of modesty led to the enlarged demonstrations on the issues of dress and women's rights.
Khomeini names Council to run Iran
One of the blindfolded hostages held hostage by Khomeini supporters at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran in 1979. | AP
Khomeini yesterday ordered the Islamic Revolutionary Council to take over all governmental affairs following the resignation of Premier Mehdi Bazargan and his cabinet. At the same time, speculation grew in Tehran concerning the Revolutionary Council's attitude toward last Sunday's seizure of the U.S. Embassy by a group of students. The students continued holding 60 to 90 U.S. citizens as hostages in the Tehran Embassy. The State Department has flatly rejected their demand that the U.S. extradite the Shah to stand trial.
There was concern in many quarters that the seizure might be used by the Carter administration as an excuse for some sort of hostile, damaging action against the Iranian revolution. The students claim to be "Students Loyal to Khomeini," although whether this is an organization's name or a simple description is not clear.
The Foreign Ministry said the seizure of the U.S. Embassy was a "reaction to the fact that the American Administration ignores the demands of the Iranian people."
Reagan blasted for remarks on Iran
Tim Wheeler | December 30, 1980
WASHINGTON—Leaders of the peace movement blasted President-elect Reagan today for inflaming the Iranian hostage crisis by referring to the Iranian people as "barbarians," and to their demands as "ransom." Reagan's barrage has clearly risked torpedoing negotiations between the U.S. and Iran to win release of the 52 hostages, which have reached a delicate stage.
Islamic Republic of Iran closer to counter-revolution
Arash Alborzi | February 3, 1984
Religious and anti-Communist leaders, who have been promising national independence, freedom, and social justice to millions of Iranian toiling masses, finally gave in to pro-capitalist forces and betrayed the revolution. Now, their main concern is to stay in power and to export their version of "Islamic Revolution" at any cost.
In early 1983, the revolution's top leadership, in a major political shift, chose dependent capitalism over national independence, repression over freedom, and capitalist exploitation over social justice. In this dangerous change of course they find the Tudeh Party of Iran, which has been the most persistent and ardent advocate of the revolution, to be a major obstacle. Consequently, an anti-Communist crusade became the dominant trend in the Islamic Republic's domestic and foreign policy.
Meanwhile, all revolutionary reforms have been halted, and the political and economic ties with imperialist countries have expanded… McCarthyism is repeating in Iran, but under an Islamic cover. The Tudeh Party as pronounced "illegal" and "dissolved" by the "Revolution's Prosecutor," and all its members and leaders had to report to government officials within a month…more than 10,000 party members and supporters were arrested. Some were tortured to death.
Later on, Islamic Republic secret agents (ex-SAVAK agents) displayed a few party leaders on a contrived TV show, where, after previous severe psychological and physical torture, they "confessed" that they were Soviet agents and were selling reports at $15 each to Soviet authorities. Now Iran's rulers have arranged secret courts martial to try Tudeh Party leaders and revolutionary army and navy personnel.
Iranian people, especially the working class, don't believe the government's propaganda. Instead, they lost confidence in the Islamic Republic's authorities. During the past year, people have demonstrated their dissatisfaction…
The current policies of the Islamic Republic are paving the way for Iran's complete return to imperialism's camp. The U.S. is waiting, and planning, for the right moment to strike the crushing blow to the people's revolution.
U.S. pushes Iran-Iraq war
Tom Foley | June 30, 1984
The war began on September 22, 1980, when Iraqi forces invaded Iran. The immediate objective of the Iraqi regime was to seize Iran's chief oil-producing province, Khuzistan, where the country's Arab minority lives. By holding Khuzistan, Iraq would have leaped into the front ranks of the world's oil-producing countries…. All this meant Iraq needed little persuasion to start the war.
But the Iraqi regime's interests dovetailed with those of U.S. imperialism, Israeli Zionism, and reactionary Arab regimes. They were all nervous about Iran. The 1979 revolution caused the downfall of the Shah's regime, a regime built up by Washington to be its chief "security guard" in the Persian Gulf.
The aggressive interventionist, pro-U.S. imperialist policy of the Shah caused legitimate concern in neighboring Iraq in the 1970s. It was one of the reasons why the Iraqis got enough military aid from the USSR to at least defend themselves against a possible onslaught by the Shah.
But the Iraqi regime, particularly after Saddam Hussein became president, became increasingly rightist in orientation…. Washington and Tel Aviv may have felt that by mid-1980, the Iranian revolution was having a dangerous effect on pro-U.S. regimes in the Persian Gulf like Saudi Arabia. This is where Iraq stepped in….
The U.S. imperialists probably figured that no matter what happened, they could not lose. They might have a chance to install another Shah in Iran. They would hold off any Iranian threat to "their" oil in Saudi Arabia.
And in the meantime, two non-aligned Middle Eastern countries would be destroying each other. That the war would push the governments of both countries to the right was undoubtedly expected as well.
Slowly during the war, rightist elements gained the upper hand in Iran. The Tudeh Party has been outlawed, many of its members have been executed, working people's living standards have deteriorated, there is a wage freeze despite continuing inflation, strikes are not allowed, and nearly the same old groups of big landlords and capitalists exert powerful influences in government…
Special to People's World
People's World is a voice for progressive change and socialism in the United States. It provides news and analysis of, by, and for the labor and democratic movements to our readers across the country and around the world. People's World traces its lineage to the Daily Worker newspaper, founded by communists, socialists, union members, and other activists in Chicago in 1924.
CPUSA issues historic statement on trans rights: How did it happen?
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After centuries of oppression, asylum is the least U.S. could offer...


Byron Clay Bohnert's writings inspire people to look at life through the eyes of Faith, a perspective that oftentimes helps us focus on what's really important and forego those that are not. On January 16, 2009, Byron took up new residence with our Lord in Heaven. During his 29 years on this earth, he enjoyed sharing and encouraging people through Devotions he wrote for CBN.com and other publications and his personal witness just loving Christ, his family, his church and people he never met.


Independent Watkins Associate added their business to CitySquares!
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Q: Current-limit circuit for 78XX voltage regulators I need  to find the value of Rsc and R1 in the following circuit:

In this circuit, Q1 is the high-current pass transistor.  Its emitter-to-base resistor has been chosen to turn it on at a given load current.
In the circuit, Q2 senses the load current via the drop across the resistor Rsc cutting off drive when the drop exceeds a diode drop(i.e 0.7V.)
Now I want to calculate the value of Rsc and R1.
But how can I solve this problem for a linear voltage regulator?

A: R1 sets the maximum current for the 78xx regulator; once its voltage drop exceeds 0.65V, Q1 starts shunting the excess current around the regulator.
Rsc sets the maximum current through Q1. Once its voltage drop exceeds 0.65V, Q2 reduces the voltage drop across R1. This turns Q1 into a constant current source, and actually forces any additional current to flow through the regulator, via Q2.
This is not protecting the regulator at all; if anything, it's protecting Q1. The load current will only be limited once the regulator goes into thermal shutdown — but by then, it may already have been damaged. A fast load transient can easily pop a bond wire before the die heats up enough to activate the protection.
Anyway, to answer your question:
$$R_1 = \frac{0.65 V}{I_{regulator(max)}}$$
$$R_{SC} = \frac{0.65 V}{I_{Q1(max)}}$$
Suppose you want the regulator to handle 200 mA before Q1 starts to assist. R1 = 0.65 V/200 mA = 3.3 Ω.
If you want Q1 to current-limit at 5 A, then Rsc = 0.65/5 = 0.13 Ω.


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We look for volunteers to become trustees, to provide help in the office and to promote Crossroads in our local community.
There are many ways you can help, either on a regular or ad hoc basis, depending on your availability.
If you would like to find out more about volunteering at Crossroads please contact the office via info@crossroadscounselling.org for further information.


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Who Are the Most Annoying Airline Passengers? Smelly Travelers, Seat Kickers Are the Worst, Survey Says
By Dory Jackson On 5/5/18 at 9:44 AM EDT
In a new survey, seat kickers were ruled as the most annoying passengers to fly with. Here, an Air France Joon Airbus A340-300 aircraft is seen at Pinto Martins International Airport upon its arrival in Fortaleza, Ceara state, Brazil, on May 03, 2018. Fabio Lima/AFP/Getty Images
Expedia shared the results of its fourth annual study on the most annoying behaviors exhibited by airplane passengers.
The 2018 Airplane and Hotel Etiquette Study is an in-depth exploration of the conduct of travelers. The aspects pinpointed on airplane passengers behaviors is a standout portion of the study, highlighting some of the most irritating factors of traveling's unwritten rules. Who are the most annoying passengers on planes? The chart below, via Statista, highlights who people hate flying with the most.
Statista created an infographic based off the results of Expedia's 2018 Airplane and Hotel Etiquette Study. Statista (information from Expedia)
"Whether you've been on one vacation or 100, you've likely experienced some form of annoying behavior while traveling," Nisreene Atassi, Global Head of Communications for Expedia, said in a statement Monday. "At Expedia, we want to ensure that every leg of a traveler's journey is enjoyable. Our goal with this study is to better understand travelers' biggest pet peeves and offer tips to help them maximize comfort and minimize annoyances."
To determine their findings, Expedia examined more than 18,000 respondents from 23 countries. As a result, individuals guilty of kicking, bumping or grabbing seats landed at the top of this year's list after receiving an overwhelming 51 percent from respondents. Since airlines like American Airlines are decreasing leg room space to accommodate more seats, this problem will likely persist. Luckily, as of March, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is looking into this issue due to a court-ordered review. Results from this are expected to surface soon.
Behind the seat kicker/bumper/grabber category, the aromatic passenger—simply known as fliers with seemingly bad odor or a strong-smelling scent—was determined as a not-too-distant runner-up, coming in at 43 percent. The top five annoying habits were rounded out with the inattentive parent following behind at 39 percent, individuals who violate personal space at 34 percent and audio insensitive persons at 29 percent.
Aside from this, more than 90 percent of survey respondents ruled walking barefoot in-flight is a big no-no. This unwritten airline rule, in particular, rang true for 75 percent of American passengers.
If you're aiming to be a better passenger among your fellow fliers, check out the full survey results below:
Who Are the Most Annoying Airline Passengers? Smelly Travelers, Seat Kickers Are the Worst, Survey Says | U.S.
Passenger Says American Airlines Staff Sent Vulgar Text
Man Fined for Opening 'Stuffy' Plane's Emergency Exit
Italian Cities Are Fighting Against Mass Tourism


At this moment, you may say that I am over enthusiastic about Mount Fuji.But I had heard a lot of stories that many people are not able to witness sunrise due to clouds.I was sweating like a pig when I reached Mount Fuji Summit after 5 hours of hiking.But temperature was below 10 degree there.I could feel shivers going down my spine.A hot traditional hot Japanese Miso soup came to my rescue.So when Sun came out, it was a wonderful feeling.I suddenly remembered Beach Boys song .
Now it is time to walk to crater.
By this time, everyone is preparing to go down.
But it feels like being in sky.
Amazing! Thanks for sharing this sight!
OMG what an adventure and what a sensational memory to add – Brilliant!


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sharukh khan House Mannat Address,Phone number,Email id,Contact Number,Office Addr
sharukh khan House Mannat Address,Phone number,Email id,Contact Number,Office Address
Shah Rukh Khan, also known as SRK 2 November , is an Indian film actor, producer and television personality. Referred to in the media as Baadshah of Bollywood, King of Bollywood or King Khan, he has appeared in over 80 Bollywood films.
Described by the Los Angeles Times as perhaps the world's biggest movie star, with a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide
Khan is currently co-chairman of the motion picture production company Red Chillies Entertainment and its subsidiaries, and is the co-owner of the Indian Premier League cricket team Kolkata Knight Riders.
In 2007, he made his debut as a television presenter with the Star Plus game show Kaun Banega Crorepati. The media often label him as Brand SRK because of his brand endorsement and entrepreneurship ventures.
Khan's philanthropic endeavours have provided health care and disaster relief, and he was honoured with UNESCO's Pyramide con Marni award in 2011 for his support of children's education


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Home Reality Star Jake Harrison
Jake Harrison
Scroll below and check our most recent updates about Jake Harrison's Estimated Net Worth, Age, Biography, Career, Height, Weight, Family, Wiki. Also learn details information about Current Net worth as well as Jake's earnings, Worth, Salary, Property and Income.
Jake Harrison is a famous people who is best known as a Reality Star. Jake was born on June 12, 1992 in Australia. He and Callum Hann are both Australian reality personalities who were on food related programs. Jake Harrison is a member of famous Reality Star list. Featured on the hit reality show My Kitchen Rules, he opened the Brisbane-based Italian restaurant Little Italy By Jake and Elle along with his sister Elle.
On CELEBS TREND NOW, Jake's is ranked in the list of most popular celebrities. Also, ranked on the list with those people who were born on June 12. Have Position Among the list of Most popular Reality Star. Jake Harrison is 1 of the celebs with the age 26 years old old. Also Read biography of Robert Irwin, Kevin Martin and Cassidy McGill.
First Name Jake
Last Name Harrison
Profession Reality Star
Birth Sign Gemini
Birth Date June 12, 1992
Birth Place Australia
City Australia
Jake Harrison Net Worth
Jake Harrison's estimated Net Worth, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & much more details has been updated below. Let's check, How Rich is Jake Harrison in 2018?
According to Wikipedia, Forbes & Various Online resource, Jake Harrison's estimated net worth Under Review. You may check previous years net worth, salary & much more from below.
Income Source Primary Income source Reality Star.
Noted, Jake's primary income source is Reality Star, Currently We don't have enough information about Cars, Monthly/Yearly Salary etc. We will update soon.
Jake Harrison : Age, Height & Weight
Jake Harrison's age 26 years old (as in 2018), height Unknown & weight Not Available. Dress & Shoe size will be added soon.
Jake Harrison Dead or Alive?
Famous Reality Star Jake Harrison is still alive (as per Wikipedia, Last update: December, 2018).
Some Facts About Jake Harrison
Jake Harrison's age 26 years old.
Born in Nambour, Queensland, Australia, he grew up in a small town north of Brisbane called the Sunshine Coast. He has a pet poodle named Chloe.
Birthday June 12 and Born on 1992.
He went to Mountain Creek State High School where he was a school captain among other things. He was obsessed with hospitality class at school, never missing a class. Also a dancer, he attended Ann Fraser's School of Dance before applying to the Queensland University of Technology to pursue dance.
Birth Sign Gemini.
He participated in the Young Chef of the Year contest in 2007, 2008, and 2009, finishing runner-up the first two years before breaking through to win it in 2009.
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When the trial was over, Charlie Post of Harrisburg, Pa., Martha Post's brother, took issue with the defense strategy of portraying his brother-in-law, Dr. Robert Truitt, as an alternative culprit.
"We're so pleased with the verdict. It was so terribly hard to hear the defense falsely accuse an innocent man, brother-in-law, good friend and good man of facilitating the murder of my sister, one of the world's most generous and loving people, whom he and all of us loved deeply," Charlie Post said.
Commonwealth's Attorney Ray Larson said the verdict "renewed his faith in the common sense of Fayette County jurors."
"This case, if you followed the facts, there could be no other conclusion," Larson said.
Defense co-counsel Shannon Brooks-English said she will be getting Roe's appeal in order.
On Sept. 1, 2011, Martha Post, 55, was shot in the neck, chest and left thigh as she backed her van out of the parking lot of her office on Huegenard Drive.
Roe is a former homeless man whom Post hired as a maintenance man for the building where she and her husband worked. Testimony at trial indicated that Roe was dismissed from the job because of his drinking.
The prosecution portrayed Roe as a man so obsessed with Post that he shot her when she did not reciprocate his affections or return numerous calls and texts.
The defense contended that Truitt stood to gain from Post's death because he was the beneficiary of a $1.5 million life insurance policy.
Brooks-English began her closing argument with the same words that she said Truitt uttered when informed that his wife was dead: "Was she shot? Was the (van) window rolled down?"
Both were true; she had been shot, and the window of Post's van had been partially rolled down. The defense attorneys portrayed Truitt as having something to do with his wife's death, but they never said exactly what that was.
Nevertheless, Brooks-English cast Truitt's spontaneous questions as coming "from a man with a guilty conscience."
"I'm not saying he pulled the trigger," she said. "But what I am saying is he knew what was up. Marty was the perfect patsy."
Noting that police found the gun used to shoot Post in the engine compartment of Roe's van, Brooks-English posed this to the jury: "Who kills somebody and drives around with the murder weapon for a week? It doesn't make sense."
Assistant Commonwealth's Attorney Cindy Rieker countered that the case was about facts, "not speculation, not innuendo."
The facts pointed to Roe as the culprit, Rieker argued.
"Is he a patsy or is he a killer? That's the question you have to decide," Rieker told the jury.
Rieker said Truitt spent some of the life insurance money to pay the debts left by Post's practice after her death.
"He didn't have to do that, but he did," Rieker said.
Rieker said Roe never tried to contact Post via phone message or text after Sept. 1, 2011.
"He knew she was dead. He knew she was dead before he was ever told she was dead," Rieker said. "He did it. He did it. Do not be misled by things that are not evidence. This is about the facts of the case."
Roe did not take the stand during the six-day trial.
Before resting its case, the defense called Truitt back to the witness stand. Truitt had testified as a prosecution witness last week.
Defense co-counsel Robert Friedman asked Truitt, "Isn't it true you encouraged Dr. Post to take out more life insurance?"
When Truitt answered negatively, Friedman pressed and asked whether Truitt denied it.
"Yes, I deny encouraging her to take out more insurance," Truitt said.
Friedman asked Truitt whether he remembered telling another doctor that he "knew somebody who could 'fix' Marty Roe?"
"I deny saying I knew somebody who could 'fix' Marty Roe," Truitt said.
Later, the defense called Dr. Sarah Smith, who was a part-time dermatologist in Post's practice.
Smith testified that two days after Post's death, she had a telephone conversation with Truitt. In that conversation, Truitt expressed the hope that Roe "would commit suicide by cop," and that if Roe didn't, Truitt "knew some really bad people" who would take care of Roe.
Smith also said she recalled a day when Martha Post took the afternoon off because she was going to have a physical examination for insurance purposes.
"Dr. Truitt thought she didn't have enough life insurance," Smith said.
During cross-examination, Larson asked Smith whether Roe's name crossed her mind upon learning of Post's death.
"Yes, sir, it did," Smith said.
Larson also asked whether there was any question in Smith's mind about who Truitt "thought killed his wife?"
"No," Smith said.
Also Wednesday, the jury heard testimony from Luke Trenz, who is employed by Scroggins, an Ohio consulting firm that works with medical practices to improve their business.
Trenz said Post's dermatology practice had Truitt's employees on its payroll. Had Post not done that, Trenz testified, "Dr. Truitt's practice would not be able to meet its expenses."
However, on the day of the shooting, Trenz testified that he and Post had gone over a plan to make changes. Those changes included taking Truitt's employees off the dermatology practice's payroll, and letting go some of Dr. Post's physician's assistants.
"It was my understanding Dr. Truitt was made aware" of those coming changes, Trenz testified.
Related stories from Lexington Herald Leader
Murder suspect Roe denied knowing about doctor's death, Lexington detective says
DNA matching Lexington murder defendant's profile was on handgun, expert says
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Marty Roe entered Fayette District Court for a preliminary hearing in November. He was convicted Wednesday of first-degree murder in the slaying of Lexington Dermatologist Martha Post. Herald-Leader
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A new charge of attempted murder of a police officer has been filed against Mark Dungan, who is accused of shooting McCreary County Deputy Dustin T. Watkins. Sen. Mitch McConnell said Watkins was recovering.
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Actual Weather Conditions in Sicily
Sicily is a Mediterranean location places it directly in the middle of the Mediterranean climate zone, which only covers 2 percent of the Earth's surface and is also called the dry summer subtropical climate. The Mediterranean climate is characterized by moderate temperatures, wet winters and dry summers. In the United States, Southern California is the only area with a Mediterranean climate zone similar to the climate of Sicily. Sicily's climate also varies between its coastal and inland regions.
Sicily's temperature is moderated by the warm Mediterranean sea and its location in proximity to the equators. Sea temperatures around Sicily range from around 60 degrees Fahrenheit in the winter to approximately 80 degrees in the summer. The coastal regions of Sicily have pleasant spring daytime highs from March through May that begin around 60 degrees and warm to the mid-80s in May. When the Sicilian summer arrives, coastal regions have daytime highs in the 90s that last into September until the temperatures fall throughout autumn. It almost never falls below freezing on the coast, with daytime highs dropping no lower than 50 degrees in January, Sicily's coolest month. The island's inland mountain regions host temperatures about 15 degrees less than the coast throughout the year. In December and January, Mount Etna often receives snow and slush for skiing and sledding.
The alternating jet streams in the Mediterranean are the leading factors that contribute to the annual precipitation cycles in Sicily. During the summer the subtropical high keep the precipitation levels low by suppressing cloud development and precipitation, and the Westerlies control the wet winters. Sicily's average annual rainfall is a little more than 23 inches per year with October, November and December as the wettest months with more than three inches of rain each month. June, July and August are the driest months with less than .05 inches of rain per month.
Scirocco Wind
The Sirocco Winds are an important factor that sporadically affect Sicily's climate. The winds are a mixture of the subtropical high and winds that originate in Arabia and the Sahara Desert. As the continental and maritime air mix, the circulation pushes the mixture across southern Europe. The Sirocco is responsible for storms and cold and wet weather in Sicily. The winds, which can be up to over 50 mph, typically occur in the fall and spring and may last for a half a day to several days.
Actual Sea Water Temperature


Pasta courses, cooking courses with herbs and learning how to set up a real Tuscan feast. Take a cooking course in Tuscany and learn the classic Tuscan recipes with a local 'casalinga' or twist them with a master chef. You can learn cooking in your Tuscan home or have a proper course in an established cookery school. You can also leave the cooking for the chef, and enjoy some show cooking followed by a delicious meal! Different level cooking courses available. Ask Olive about cooking in Tuscany.
Let us know how you prefer learning about Tuscan cooking, we will organise you an unforgettable food experience!


Another iconic Smurf, The Smurf Apprentice, gets the Anthology treatment! A smurf wants to emulate Papa Smurf, and decides the best way to do so would be to practice magic. So, the smurf sneaks into Gargamel's lab and steals instructions for a magic potion. The smurf foolishly drinks the potion and is turned into a monstrous lizard that all of the smurfs fear. Can Papa Smurf create an antidote? Or will the Smurfs be seeing green for the rest of their lives? The Smurfs have delighted us all with their silliness, bravery, heroism, and heart for over 50 years, and now we finally have a definitive collection of Peyo's original comics to see where it all began.