An army Lieutenant resigns her commission to become a professional poker player, believing poker is safer than army combat, so she thought, until winning a huge amount from a psycho who seeks a deadly payback. | Logline It!Logline It!
Steve Penpusher Asked on April 8, 2019 in Thriller.
That may have been an expectation, but that is not why she resigned her commission. And it's an expectation so obvious, So it need not clutter up the logline.
And what is her specific, long-range objective goal? Like, to win the World Championship of Poker?
Seeks how? A logline should indicated how he plans to get payback.
dpg Singularity Reviewed on April 8, 2019.
It's a good attempt at irony to have a former Lt. seek a peaceful income, but then there's no irony in that character fighting for her life. No extra conflict as that character is equipped to battle a psycho. While she sounds innocent, why should we care about her? Is there more to the character and the stakes, like she has a family or takes care of an elderly parent? Were other characters considered?
A psycho fighting over a fair loss is not a relatable predicament. Think of a scenario that many people can see themselves in or understand the core of it. For example, since many poker players have financial partners, she signs with someone without doing enough research…and he's the psycho who turns on her after x. I can relate to that based on a bad experience with a contractor.
So far the story is 'Psycho is out to kill poker player/former Lt.' What exactly is the hook? What makes this stand out? Next attempt, add that meat to the bone.
Robb Ross Samurai Reviewed on April 8, 2019.


text:
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Professional Software Development: Shorter Schedules, Higher Quality Products, More Successful Projects, Enhanced Careers
Addison Wesley, 2003
Can you deliver 90% of your software on time, within budget, and fully meet the user's real requirements? Would you like to? Best-selling author Steve McConnell provides a compelling argument for turning software success into an everyday habit by advancing the software profession itself-at the individual, organizational, and...
System Modeling in Cellular Biology: From Concepts to Nuts and Bolts
Biology is the study of self-replicating chemical processes. Biology is the study of
systems accurately transmitting a genetic blueprint. Biology is the study of complex
adaptive reproducing systems.
What is systems biology if all definitions of biology implicitly or explicitly refer to
the study of a whole object, whether...
Synthesis of Arithmetic Circuits: FPGA, ASIC and Embedded Systems
A new approach to the study of arithmetic circuits
In Synthesis of Arithmetic Circuits: FPGA, ASIC and Embedded Systems, the authors take a novel approach of presenting methods and examples for the synthesis of arithmetic circuits that better reflects the needs of today's computer system designers and engineers....
Multimedia Security Technologies for Digital Rights Management
Academic Press, 2006
A timely reference in the innovative and cutting-edge field of multimedia security!
Digital Rights Management (DRM) defines a set of tools that manage the secured use of digital media content found on static and mobile electronic devices, ranging from personal computers and PDAs to digital video recorders and MP3...
The Firebird Book: A Reference for Database Developers
Apress, 2004
The Firebird Book: A Guide for Database Developers is a comprehensive, practical guide for developing client/server FirebirdSQL database applications for small and large networks of users. FirebirdSQL is an open source database, and while not as popular as MySQL or PostgreSQL, it has a dedicated following, and has far more advanced features.
Algorithms and Data Structures in C++ (Computer Engineering)
Algorithms and Data Structures in C++ introduces modern issues in the theory of algorithms, emphasizing complexity, graphs, parallel processing, and visualization. To accomplish this, the book uses an appropriate subset of frequently utilized and representative algorithms and applications in order to demonstrate the unique and modern aspects...
DNA Computing: 12th International Meeting on DNA Computing, DNA12, Seoul, Korea, June 5-9, 2006
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the 11th International Workshop on DNA Based Computers, DNA11, held in London, ON, Canada, in June 2005.
The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from an initial total of 79 submissions. The wide-ranging topics...
Innovation Happens Elsewhere: Open Source as Business Strategy
Morgan Kaufmann, 2005
It's a plain fact: regardless of how smart, creative, and innovative your organization is, there are more smart, creative, and innovative people outside your organization than inside. Open source offers the possibility of bringing more innovation into your business by building a creative community that reaches beyond the barriers of the business....
Multiple Abstraction Hierarchies for Mobile Robot Operation in Large Environments (Studies in Computational Intelligence)
This book focuses on the efficient performance of mobile robots through the use of multi-hierarchical symbolic representations of the environment.
A mobile robot intended to perform deliberative actions must possess some symbolic representation of its workspace, but such representations of real environments usually become so large that should...
Professional Visual Studio Extensibility
Wrox Press, 2008
Are you ready to extend the capabilities of Visual Studio to become more efficient and productive? Whether you want to integrate optimized builds, enhanced programming tools, or other rapid application development features, this unique resource shows you how to develop customized...
Systems Thinking and E-participation: Ict in the Governance of Society
Information Science Publishing, 2009
Systems Thinking and E-Participation: ICT in the Governance of Society provides a systemic-based inquiry platform to explore boundaries, limits, and advantages of information and communication technology use in public decision making processes. This publication examines the impact of governmental technologies useful to those involved with...
The Biology of Schwann Cells: Development, Differentiation and Immunomodulation
It is now over 200 years since Theodore Schwann first described the cell which bears his name. Such early descriptions of nervous system components were done without the powerful microscopes we have today, yet Schwann and Ramon Y. Cajal made foundation observations which still stand. Cajal's papers, especially, show the...
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text:
Q: Имя массива — это указатель? Имя массива — это указатель в C? Если нет, то в чем разница между именем массива и переменной-указателем?
Перевод соответствующего вопроса с enSO.

A: Массив — это массив, указатель — это указатель, но в большинстве случаев имя массива преобразуется в указатель1.
Это массив:
int a[7];

a содержит пространство для хранения семи целых чисел. Мы можем присвоить значение одному из них с помощью оператора присваивания, например, вот так:
a[3] = 9;

А это указатель:
int *p;

p не содержит никакого пространства для хранения целых чисел, но он p может указывать на такое пространство. Мы можем, например, установить указатель p таким образом, чтобы он указывал на один из элементов массива a. Для первого элемента это будет выглядеть так:
p = &a[0];

Это может быть немного неинтуитивно, но то же самое можно записать и вот так:
p = a;

Такая запись не копирует содержимое массива a в указатель p (что бы это ни значило). Вместо этого имя массива a преобразуется в указатель на его первый элемент. Так что это присваивание делает все то же самое, что и предыдущее.
Теперь мы можем использовать указатель p точно так же как и массив:
p[3] = 17;

Это работает, потому что оператор индексации массива в C определен в терминах  указателей. Выражение x[y] означает: начни с указателя x, пройди y шагов вперед и возьми то, что лежит на этом месте. Используя арифметику указателей, мы можем записать x[y] как *(x + y)2.
Чтобы это работало для обычного массива, такого как a например, имя a в выражении a[3] должно быть сначала преобразовано в указатель (на первый элемент в массиве a). Затем мы делаем три шага вперед и берем то, что лежит на этом месте. Другими словами, берем элемент массива под номером 3 (который является четвертым элементом в массиве, так как номер первого элемента — 0).
Резюмируя, имена массивов в программах на C в большинстве случаев преобразуются в указатели. Одно из исключений — это использование имени массива в операторе sizeof. Если бы a преобразовывалось в указатель в данном случае, то выражение sizeof a дало бы нам размер указателя, а не реальный размер массива, что было бы весьма бесполезно, так что в данном случае a означает сам массив.

*Это сообщение является переводом ответа пользователя Thomas Padron-McCarthy.
1 Более строго это определено стандартом: «Выражение типа "массив типа" преобразуется в выражение с типом «указатель на тип», который указывает на первый элемент объекта массива и не является lvalue. Исключениям являются случаи, когда выражение "массив типа" является операндом оператора sizeof, или операндом унарного оператора & или это строковой литерал, используемый для инициализации массива. Если объект массива имеет регистровый класс хранения, поведение не определено» — ISO/IEC 9899:2011 раздел 6.3.2.1 (примечание переводчика).
2 «Определение оператора индексации [] следующее: запись E1[E2] идентична записи (*((E1)+(E2)))» — ISO/IEC 9899:2011 раздел 6.5.2.1 (примечание переводчика).

A: Вопрос страдает от странной формулировки. "Имя массива"? Что значит "имя массива"?

*

*Имя в терминологии С - это просто идентификатор. Имя массива - это просто имя массива и больше ничего. Оно больше ничем не является и являться не может.

*Объект типа массив в языке С не является указателем. Тип T[N] в языке С - это самостоятельный объектный тип, описывающий монолитный непрерывный объект, состоящий из N следующих друг за другом подобъектов (элементов) типа T. Гарантируется , что sizeof(T[N]) равен sizeof(T) * N.
Никаких "указателей" здесь нет и никогда не было.

*Подвыражение, состоящее из имени (идентификатора) объекта типа массив T[N] может неявно преобразовываться к типу указатель T *. Будет или не будет выполняться такое преобразование, зависит от контекста.
А именно, если такое подвыражение используется в качестве операнда операторов &, sizeof, _Alignof, то преобразования НЕ выполняется. Также, если строковый литерал используется в качестве инициализатора для массива символов, то преобразования строкового литерала к типу указатель НЕ выполняется. Во всех остальных случаях преобразование выполняется: значение типа массив неявно преобразуется к типу указатель.

A: Массив имеет разный размер в памяти а адрес фиксированный. В массиве автоматически идёт преобразование типа на адрес, если надо. Копировать массив прямо на другой - не прописано в стандарте.
# include <stdio.h>
// аргумент принимает адрес инта или адрес массива
void m(int * x) {
  x[0] = 777 ; }
// аргумент принимает адрес инта или адрес массива любого
void f(int x[5]) {
  x[0] = 777 ; }

typedef
struct {
  int a[5];
} int5 ;

void f2(int5 x) {
  x.a[0] = 777 ; }

int5 n(void) {
  int5 r;
  r.a[1] = 666 ;
  return r; }

int main(){
  // внутри стека выделяется 5*4=20 байт
  int a[5];
  a[0] = 0 ;
  // передаётся адрес стека 8 байт
  m(a);
  printf("m:a[0]=%d\n",a[0]);
  a[0]=0;
  // тоже только адрес стека 8 байт
  f(a);
  printf("f:a[0]=%d\n",a[0]);
  int a4 = 0;
  f ( & a4 ) ;
  printf("f:a4=%d\n",a4);
  int a2[5];
  // ошибка присвоения указателя массиву
  // a2 = a ;
  int * a3 ;
  // указателю назначается адрес стека
  a3 = a ;
  int5 b ;
  b.a[0]=0;
  // передается копия структуры и копия массива внутри её
  f2(b);
  printf("f2:b.a[0]=%d\n",b.a[0]);
  b.a[1]=0;
  // полное копирование массива внутри структуры
  b = n();
  printf("n:b.a[1]=%d\n",b.a[1]);
}

Зато копировать структуру можно. Даже если там массив. При передачи массива внутри структуры всё идёт как надо. Передача по значению присутствует. Оператор присваивания копирует данные.
> ./a.out
m:a[0]=777
f:a[0]=777
f:a4=777
f2:b.a[0]=0
n:b.a[1]=666

Массив при передаче прямо работает как указатель. А как источник данных внутри структуры как положено полностью со всеми данными.

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text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}

In the limit where the bottom and charm quark are taken as much heavier than the scale of the strong interactions, QCD contains a heavy quark spin-flavor symmetry (or simply heavy quark symmetry (HQS)) \cite{Nussinov:1986hw, Shifman:1987rj, Isgur:1989vq, Isgur:1990yhj} that acts on heavy quarks with the same four velocity. These heavy quark spin-flavor symmetries are a powerful tool for understanding some non-perturbative properties of hadrons containing a heavy quark. One of the earliest, and still most important, applications is to the form factors for the semileptonic decays of ${\bar B}$ mesons to $D$ and $D^*$ mesons, i.e., ${\bar B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell {\bar \nu}_\ell$, where $\ell \in \{ e, \mu, \tau \} $. Lorentz symmetry and parity invariance of the strong interactions imply that these decays are characterized by six Lorentz invariant form factors, but HQS implies that there is just one (the Isgur-Wise function~\cite{Isgur:1990yhj}). Furthermore it is normalized to unity at the zero recoil point where the final state charmed meson is at rest in the rest frame of the decaying ${\bar B}$ meson. In addition the matrix elements of the weak vector and axial vector current are independent of the masses of the heavy quarks.

Radiative semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decays to charmed mesons provide a unique laboratory to investigate the predictions of HQS in more complicated kinematic settings, while keeping one initial and one final heavy meson as the only hadrons in the process. The presence of the extra photon provides new kinematic invariants beyond $w \equiv v \cdot v'$, namely $v\cdot k$ and $v' \cdot k$. Here $v$ is the four velocity of the decaying ${\bar B}$ meson, $v'$ is the four velocity of the final state $D^{(*)}$ meson, and $k$ is the four momentum of the final state photon.

Belle II should allow for the study of radiative semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decay at a level of precision approaching what the previous generation of $B$ factories, i.e., Belle~\cite{Belle:2015pkj, Belle:2015qfa, Belle:2016dyj, Belle:2016ure, Belle:2017ilt, Belle:2018ezy, Belle:2019gij, Belle:2019rba}, BaBar~\cite{BaBar:2007ddh, BaBar:2007cke, BaBar:2007nwi, BaBar:2008zui, BaBar:2009zxk, BaBar:2012obs, BaBar:2013mob}, as well as LHCb~\cite{LHCb:2015gmp, LHCb:2017rln, LHCb:2017smo}, did for the semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decays.

Moreover, radiative semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decays are an irreducible background to the measurement of non-radiative semileptonic measurements, in the kinematic regions where the photon is not reconstructed. These kinematic regions are dominated by the soft region for Belle II and are more complicated for LHCb, due to the detector geometry and the boost distribution of the ${\bar B}$ mesons. It has been shown~\cite{Bernlochner:2010fc,Cali:2019nwp} that differences in modeling the radiation processes may induce few percent systematic uncertainties in the semileptonic measurements. Having good control of radiative semileptonic processes is therefore necessary for precision studies of the non-radiative semileptonic decays by Belle II and LHCb.

In the $k \rightarrow 0$ limit, the radiative and non-radiative processes are related by gauge invariance. Previous work on radiative semileptonic $\bar B$ decays has mostly focused in the regime where the photon is soft ($k < \Lambda_\text{QCD}$)~\cite{Becirevic:2009fy,Bernlochner:2010yd,deBoer:2018ipi}. Away from the soft limit, uncalculable ``structure dependent'' (SD) contributions arise~\cite{Gasser:2004ds}, stemming from the composite nature of the $\bar{B}$ and $D^{(*)}$ mesons. Lorentz invariance and parity invariance of the strong interactions imply that the radiative decays are characterized by 32 scalar form factors that can depend on $v\cdot k$, $v' \cdot k$ and $w$; a daunting number for gaining knowledge of these SD terms either from experimental measurements or lattice QCD calculations. However, similar to the case of non-radiative semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decays, HQS greatly reduces the number of these form factors.

The purpose of this paper is to initiate this investigation and work out the predictions of HQS for radiative semileptonic ${\bar B}$ decays. Here we will work to leading order in the heavy quark mass expansion, neglecting terms suppressed by powers of $1/m_{b,c}$. Furthermore we work in the kinematic region where radiating the photon does not change the heavy quark velocities. It is in this kinematic region that HQS is most powerful. We find that with these approximations there are only four new (i.e., not proportional to the Isgur-Wise function) Lorentz invariant form factors, and one is normalized to the Isgur-Wise function as $k \rightarrow 0$.

In Sec.~\ref{sec:matrix_element} we begin by calculating the matrix element, $\mathcal{M}$, in terms of general hadronic form factors for $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ using heavy quark effective theory~\cite{Politzer:1988bs, Eichten:1989zv, Eichten:1990vp, Georgi:1990um}. Then, in Sec.~\ref{sec:form_factors}, we reduce the number of new, independent form factors to just four, $\zeta_{1-4}$, using the Ward identities. In Sec.~\ref{sec:soft_limit} we explore the soft photon limit including the leading order behavior in Sec.~\ref{subsec:leading_soft} and some terms at sub-leading order in Sec.~\ref{subsec:subleading_soft}. A concluding discussion is given in Sec.~\ref{sec:conclusion}. Two appendices are included; the first, Appendix~\ref{app:expanded_form_factors} works out the general structure of the matrix element, $\mathcal{M}$, for $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ imposing only Lorentz invariance and the parity symmetry of the strong interactions. The second, Appendix~\ref{app:other_matrix_elements}, generalizes the results to new interactions that do not have the usual $V-A$ structure of the weak interactions; potentially useful in the future for new physics signatures.

\section{Matrix Element}
\label{sec:matrix_element}

\begin{figure*}[t]
    \centering
    \scalebox{0.7}{\input{feynman_diagrams/leptonic_radiation_diagram_2.tex}}
    \scalebox{0.7}{\input{feynman_diagrams/heavy_c_radiation_diagram_2.tex}}

    \vspace{2em}

    \scalebox{0.7}{\input{feynman_diagrams/light_radiation_diagram_2.tex}}
    \scalebox{0.7}{\input{feynman_diagrams/heavy_b_radiation_diagram_2.tex}}
    \caption{Feynman diagrams contributing to the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process. Diagrams with internal gluon lines and $q \bar{q}$ loops are omitted for illustrative simplicity. \textbf{Top Left}: $\mathcal{M}_\text{lepton}$, radiation from the external lepton. \textbf{Top Right}: $\mathcal{M}_\text{heavy}^c$, radiation from the heavy $c$ quark. \textbf{Bottom Left}: $\mathcal{M}_\text{light}$, radiation from the light degrees of freedom. \textbf{Bottom Right}: $\mathcal{M}_\text{heavy}^b$, radiation from the heavy $b$ quark.}
    \label{fig:feynman_diagrams}
\end{figure*}

Since $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ is a radiative process all matrix elements will have a photon polarization vector, $\varepsilon^\mu$ appended. We factor this out immediately, defining $\mathcal{M} \equiv \varepsilon_\mu^* \mathcal{M}^\mu$ where $\mathcal{M}$ is the total matrix element. In the heavy quark limit there are three classes of Feynman diagrams that can contribute to this process, shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:feynman_diagrams}. The first, illustrated in the top left panel of Fig.~\ref{fig:feynman_diagrams}, is from radiation off the external charged lepton line,
\begin{align}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}_\text{lepton}^\mu}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} & = q_\ell \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \frac{(F_V^\nu - F_A^\nu)}{2 p_\ell \cdot k} \bar{u} \gamma^\mu ( \slashed{p}_\ell + \slashed{k} + m_\ell) \gamma_\nu ( 1 - \gamma^5 ) v \,
    \label{eq:M_lepton}
\end{align}
where $q_\ell e$ is the electromagnetic charge of the lepton, $p_\ell$ is the lepton momentum, and $k$ is the photon momentum. We write this matrix element in terms of hadronic matrix elements, $F_\Gamma^\nu$, where $\Gamma = V$ implies $\Gamma^\nu = \gamma^\nu$ and $\Gamma = A$ implies $\Gamma^\nu = \gamma^\nu \gamma^5$.\footnote{We will adopt the standard~\cite{Manohar:2000dt, Isgur:1989vq} notation and normalization for the states in the heavy quark effective theory (HQET). Relativistic states are labelled with $p$, e.g., $| \bar{B}(p) \rangle$, and HQET states are labelled with the velocity, $v$, e.g. $| \bar{B}(v) \rangle$. The normalization of these states differs by a factor of $\sqrt{m}$: $| \bar{B}(p) \rangle = \sqrt{m_B} | \bar{B}(v) \rangle$. This explains the extra factor of $\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}$ in the matrix elements.} This is a textbook example of how HQS severely restricts the number of independent form factors. In the heavy quark limit $F_\Gamma^\nu$, is proportional to just one overall factor, $\xi(w)$, the Isgur-Wise function, which depends only on $w = v^{\prime} \cdot v$,
\begin{align}
    F_\Gamma^\nu = - \xi(w) \left\langle D^{(*)}(v') \left| \text{Tr}\left[ \bar{H}_{v'}^c \Gamma^\nu H_v^b \right] \right| \bar{B}(v) \right\rangle
\end{align}
as in Ref.~\cite{Manohar:2000dt}, where $H_{v}^Q$ is defined and the traces are explicitly evaluated.

We now turn to radiation off the light degrees of freedom, $\mathcal{M}_\text{light}^\mu$, e.g., the Feynman diagram in the bottom left panel of Fig.~\ref{fig:feynman_diagrams}. The total matrix element is,
\begin{align}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}_\text{light}^\mu}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} & = \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \left( T_V^{\mu \nu} - T_A^{\mu \nu} \right) \bar{u} \gamma_\nu (1 - \gamma^5) v \, ,
    \label{eq:M_light}
\end{align}
where
\begin{align}
T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma = \left\langle D^{(*)}(v') \left| \text{Tr} \left[ X^\mu \bar{H}_{v'} \Gamma^\nu H_v \right] \right| \bar{B}(v) \right\rangle \label{eq:T_mu_nu_Gamma_HQET}
\end{align}
and $X^\mu$ describes the effects of the time-ordered product between the light degrees of freedom electromagnetic current and the heavy quarks' weak operator. Again HQS limits the general form of $T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma$, where the most general form of $X^\mu$ is,
\begin{align}
    X^\mu = x^{(1)} v^\mu + x^{(2)} v^{\prime \mu} + x^{(3)} \gamma^\mu + i x^{(4)} \sigma^{\mu \nu} k_\nu + i x^{(5)} \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \lambda} v_\nu v'_\rho k_\lambda \gamma^5 + x^{(6)} (v^\mu + v'^\mu) \slashed{k} \,,
    \label{eq:X_form_factor}
\end{align}
$\sigma^{\mu \nu} \equiv (i/2) [ \gamma^\mu, \gamma^\nu]$ and $\epsilon^{0123} = 1$. We omitted terms $\propto k^\mu$, since they give vanishing contribution to the matrix element, as well as terms that do not transform as vectors under parity since QCD and QED are parity invariant theories. HQS forbids $X^\mu$ to be between $\bar{H}_{v'}$ and $H_v$, and therefore the most general form is given by Eq.~\eqref{eq:T_mu_nu_Gamma_HQET}.\footnote{While not immediately obvious, a term $\propto (v^\mu - v'^\mu) \slashed{k}$ in $X^\mu$ can in fact be reabsorbed into the other terms present in Eq.~\eqref{eq:X_form_factor}.} The $x^{(j)}$ form factors are scalar functions of $w$, $v\cdot k$, $v' \cdot k$. $X^\mu$ has mass dimension $-1$, therefore $x^{(1-3)}$ have mass dimensions $-1$ while $x^{(4-6)}$ have mass dimension $-2$.

The last class of Feynman diagrams is from radiation off the heavy quarks, shown in the right column of Fig.~\ref{fig:feynman_diagrams}. There are two contributions here due to radiation from the heavy quark in the initial and final states. The matrix element is given by
\begin{align}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}_\text{heavy}^\mu}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} & = \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \left( q_b v^\mu (G_{V, b}^\nu - G_{V, b}^\nu) + q_c v'^\mu (G_{V, c}^\nu - G_{A, c}^\nu)\right) \bar{u} \gamma_\nu (1 - \gamma^5) v \,,
    \label{eq:M_heavy}
\end{align}
where
\begin{align}
    G_{\Gamma, Q}^\nu = \left\langle D^{(*)}(v') \left| \text{Tr}\left[ Y_Q \bar{H}_{v'} \Gamma^\nu H_v \right] \right| \bar{B}(v) \right\rangle \,
\end{align}
and $Y_Q$ describes the time ordered product between the number density of the heavy quarks, $\bar{Q} Q$, and the heavy quarks weak operator. The absence of a $\gamma^\mu$ factor from the heavy quark electromagnetic vertex is because we are working in the heavy quark limit which replaces $\slashed{D} \rightarrow v \cdot D$ when acting on the heavy quark fields. The most general form of the $Y_Q$'s allowed by HQS are
\begin{align}
    Y_Q = y_Q^{(1)} + y_Q^{(2)} \slashed{k}\, ,
    \label{eq:Y_form_factor}
\end{align}
and $y_Q^{(1)}$ has mass dimension $-1$, $y_Q^{(2)}$ has mass dimension $-2$, and both are functions of $w, v \cdot k$ and $v' \cdot k$. Summing the matrix elements in Eqs.~(\ref{eq:M_lepton},~\ref{eq:M_light}, \ref{eq:M_heavy}) gives the total matrix element,
\begin{align}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}^\mu}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} = \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \bigg( & \left( K_V^{\mu \nu} - K_A^{\mu \nu} \right) \bar{u} \gamma_\nu (1 - \gamma^5) v \nonumber \\
    & + (q_b - q_c) \frac{(F_V^\nu - F_A^\nu)}{2 p_\ell \cdot k} \bar{u} \gamma^\mu (\slashed{p}_\ell + \slashed{k} + m_\ell) \gamma_\nu (1- \gamma^5) v \bigg) \, ,
    \label{eq:M_total}
\end{align}
where
\begin{align}
    K_\Gamma^{\mu \nu} & \equiv T_\Gamma^{\mu \nu} + q_b v^\mu G_{\Gamma, b}^\nu + q_c v'^\mu G_{\Gamma, c}^\nu \, ,
\end{align}
and we have replaced $q_\ell$ with $q_b - q_c$ which will prove convenient in Sec.~\ref{subsec:ward_identities}.

\section{Form Factors}
\label{sec:form_factors}

In Sec.~\ref{sec:matrix_element} we showed that HQS limits the number of form factors, for both the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ and $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^* \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ processes, to ten, $x^{(1-6)}, y_{b, c}^{(1, 2)}$. These ten form factors discussed so far are a superset of the number of physical form factors since we have not accounted for the Ward identity (WI). Next we show that the WI limits the number of new, independent form factors to just four. This is significant because, in general, even after applying the WI, the number of form factors is much larger. It has been shown in Ref.~\cite{Gasser:2004ds, Cirigliano:2005ms} that there are eight form factors for the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process, and in Appendix~\ref{app:expanded_form_factors} we show that the general number of form factors for the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^* \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process is 24.

\subsection{Ward Identities}
\label{subsec:ward_identities}

The WI~\cite{Ward:1950xp} states that $k_\mu \mathcal{M}^\mu$ must vanish. This will highly constrain the form factors in Eqs.~(\ref{eq:X_form_factor},~\ref{eq:Y_form_factor}). While the WI is seemingly only one equation, different terms have to cancel each other individually. For example the $\Gamma = V, A$ terms have different parity, and therefore must cancel individually (as in Refs.~\cite{Bernlochner:2010yd, Gasser:2004ds, Cirigliano:2005ms, Becirevic:2009fy}) giving two equations,
\begin{align}
    & k_\mu K^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma + (q_b - q_c) F^\nu_\Gamma = k_\mu T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma + q_b (k \cdot v) G_{\Gamma, b}^\nu + q_c (k \cdot v') G_{\Gamma, c}^\nu + (q_b - q_c) F_\Gamma^\nu = 0
\end{align}
for each $\Gamma \in \{ V, A \}$. Moreover, the electromagnetic charges, $q_i e$, give us another way to split the terms. Only $T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma$ can depend on the charge of the light quark it was radiated from (either sea or valence), and therefore $k_\mu T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma$ must vanish independently since there is no way to get a cancellation from the other terms which are independent of the light quark charges. Similar reasoning holds for the terms depending on $q_b, q_c$; all of the electromagnetic charge dependence has been factored out, and therefore $G^\nu_\Gamma$ and $F^\nu_\Gamma$ are independent of $q_b, q_c$. The terms proportional to $q_b, q_c$ must then cancel individually. The WI becomes six equations,
\begin{align}
    & k_\mu T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma = 0 \label{eq:WI_1} \\
    & (k \cdot v) G_{\Gamma, b}^\nu + F_\Gamma^\nu = 0 \label{eq:WI_2} \\
    & (k \cdot v') G_{\Gamma, c}^\nu - F_\Gamma^\nu = 0 \label{eq:WI_3}
\end{align}
where, again, there is a set of equations for $\Gamma \in \{ V, A \}$.

We begin by simplifying the $\Gamma = A$ case for Eqs.~(\ref{eq:WI_1}-\ref{eq:WI_3}) for the process $\bar{B} \rightarrow D \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$. The left side of Eqs. (\ref{eq:WI_2},~\ref{eq:WI_3}) are proportional to a single form factor, and therefore these must be zero. Specifically,
\begin{align}
    y^{(2)}_Q & = 0
\end{align}
for $Q \in \{ b, c \}$. Simplifying Eq.~\eqref{eq:WI_1} gives
\begin{align}
    -i \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} k_\nu v_\rho v'_\sigma \left( k \cdot (v + v') x^{(6)} + x^{(3)} \right) = 0
\end{align}
and therefore relates $x^{(3)}$ to $x^{(6)}$,
\begin{align}
    x^{(3)} = - k \cdot (v + v') \, x^{(6)} \, .
\end{align}

Next, we consider the case of $\Gamma = V$, again for the $B \rightarrow D \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ scenario, and Eqs.~(\ref{eq:WI_1}-\ref{eq:WI_3}) become
\begin{align}
    & -(v^\nu + v'^\nu) ( x^{(1)} (k \cdot v) + x^{(2)} (k \cdot v') ) = 0 \\
    & (v^\nu + v'^\nu) ( \xi - y_b^{(1)} (k \cdot v) ) = 0 \\
    & -(v^\nu + v'^\nu) ( \xi + y_c^{(1)} (k \cdot v') ) = 0
\end{align}
respectively, and therefore
\begin{align}
    x^{(2)} & = - \frac{k \cdot v}{k \cdot v'} x^{(1)} \nonumber \\
    y_b^{(1)} & = \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v} \nonumber \\
    y_c^{(1)} & = -\frac{\xi}{k \cdot v'} \, .
\end{align}
The WI has taken us from ten independent form factors, $x^{(1-6)}$, $y_{b, c}^{(1-2)}$, to just four. We define the independent ones as $\zeta_{1-4}$,
\begin{align}
    \zeta_1 & \equiv (k \cdot v) x^{(1)}\nonumber  \\
    \zeta_2 & \equiv x^{(4)}\nonumber  \\
    \zeta_3 & \equiv x^{(5)}\nonumber  \\
    \zeta_4 & \equiv x^{(6)}
\end{align}
(the motivation for the extra factor of $v \cdot k$ will become clear in Sec.~\ref{sec:soft_limit}). $\zeta_1$ is dimensionless while $\zeta_{2-4}$ have dimension of $\textrm{mass}^{-2}$. Written in terms of the five independent form factors (including the Isgur-Wise function) the $x, y$ form factors are
\begin{align}
    & x^{(1)} = \frac{\zeta_1}{(k \cdot v)} \quad , \quad x^{(2)} = -\frac{\zeta_1}{(k \cdot v')}\nonumber  \\
    & y_b^{(1)} = \frac{\xi}{(k \cdot v)} \quad , \quad y_c^{(1)} = -\frac{\xi}{(k \cdot v')}\nonumber  \\
    & x^{(3)} = - k \cdot (v + v') \zeta_4\nonumber  \\
    & y_b^{(2)} = y_c^{(2)} = 0\nonumber  \\
    & x^{(4)} = \zeta_2 \quad , \quad x^{(5)} = \zeta_3 \quad , \quad x^{(6)} = \zeta_4
\end{align}
One can check that with these conditions the WI for the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^* \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ scenario are automatically satisfied. Using these relations, for the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ case, the tensor $T^{\mu \nu}_\Gamma$ simplifies to
\begin{align}
    T^{\mu \nu}_V & = \zeta_1 \left( \frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} - \frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v} \right) (v^\nu + v'^\nu) + \zeta_2 \, \left( g^{\mu \nu} k \cdot (v' - v) + (v^\mu - v'^\mu)k^\nu \right) \nonumber \nonumber \\
    & + \zeta_4 \left( (w - 1) \left( g^{\mu \nu} (k \cdot (v + v')) - k^\nu (v^\mu + v'^\mu) \right)  + (v'^\nu - v^\nu) \left(  (k \cdot v) v'^\mu - (k \cdot v') v^\mu \right)\right) \label{eq:T_V_B_D}\\
    iT^{\mu \nu}_A & = \zeta_2 \, \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} k_\rho (v_\sigma + v'_\sigma) + \zeta_3 \epsilon^{\mu \rho \lambda \sigma} k_\rho v_\lambda v'_\sigma (v'^\nu - v^\nu) + \zeta_4 \bigg( (v^\mu + v'^\mu) \epsilon^{\nu \rho \sigma \lambda} k_\rho v_\sigma v'_\lambda \nonumber \\
    & + k \cdot (v + v') \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} v_\rho v'_\sigma \bigg) \label{eq:T_A_B_D}
\end{align}
and $G_{\Gamma, i}^\nu$ are reduced to
\begin{align}
    G^\nu_{V, b} & = - \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v} (v^\nu + v'^\nu) \label{eq:G_V_b_B_D} \\
    G^\nu_{A, b} & = 0 \\
    G^\nu_{V, c} & = \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v'} (v^\nu + v'^\nu) \label{eq:G_V_c_B_D} \\
    G^\nu_{A, c} & = 0 \, .
\end{align}
For the $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{*} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process, the $T^{*\,\mu \nu}_\Gamma$ read
\begin{align}
    T^{*\, \mu \nu}_V & = \zeta_1 \, {\epsilon^{\nu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} v_\rho v'_\sigma \varepsilon^{*\,\lambda}_{D^*} \left( \frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} - \frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v} \right) \nonumber\\
    & + \zeta_2 \, \bigg(-\varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\mu} \epsilon^{\nu \rho \sigma \lambda} k_\rho v_\sigma v'_\lambda + v^\nu {\epsilon^{\mu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} k_\rho v'_\sigma \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\lambda} + v'^\nu {\epsilon^{\mu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} k_\rho v_\sigma \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\lambda} \nonumber \\
    & - (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} v_\rho v'_\sigma + (w - 1) {\epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho}}_{\sigma} k_\rho \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\sigma} \bigg) + \zeta_3 \epsilon^{\mu \rho \sigma \lambda} k_\rho v_\sigma v'_\lambda \bigg( (w - 1) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \nu}  - v'^\nu (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*)\bigg) \nonumber \\
    & + \zeta_4 \left( (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma} k_\rho (v - v')_\sigma  - (v^\nu + v'^\nu) {\epsilon^{\mu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} k_\rho  (v_\sigma - v'_\sigma)\varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \lambda} \right) \nonumber
\end{align}
\begin{align}
    i T^{*\, \mu \nu}_A & = \zeta_1 \left( \frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} - \frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v} \right) \left((w + 1) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\nu} - v'^\nu (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \right) \nonumber \\
    & - \zeta_2 \Bigg( k^{\nu} \left((w+1) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\mu} - v'^{\mu}(v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*)\right) - g^{\mu \nu} \left( (w + 1) (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) - (k \cdot v') (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \right) \nonumber \\
    & + v^{\prime \{\mu } v^{\nu \} } (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) - v^{ \{\mu } \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \nu \} } (k \cdot v') + v^{\prime \, [ \mu } \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \nu ] } (k \cdot v) \Bigg) \nonumber \\
    & + \zeta_3 \bigg( (1 - w^2) \left( (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) g^{\mu \nu} - \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\mu} k^\nu \right) - (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}) \left( k \cdot (v - w v') g^{\mu \nu} - (v^\mu - w v'^\mu) k^\nu \right)  \nonumber \\
    & + v^\nu \left( k \cdot (v- wv') \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\mu} - (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) (v^\mu - w v'^\mu)\right) + v'^\nu (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \left( (k \cdot v) v'^\mu - (k \cdot v') v^\mu \right) \nonumber \\
    & + v'^\nu \left( k \cdot (v' - wv) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\mu} - (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) (v'^\mu - wv^\mu ) \right) \bigg) \nonumber \\
    & + \zeta_4 \bigg( (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) \left( g^{\mu \nu} (k \cdot (v + v')) - (v^\mu + v'^\mu) k^\nu \right) \nonumber \\
    & + (v'^\nu - v^\nu) \left( \varepsilon^{*\,\mu}_{D^*} ( k \cdot (v + v') ) - (k \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^*) (v^\mu + v'^\mu) \right) \bigg)
\end{align}
and $G_{\Gamma, i}^{*\,\nu}$ are reduced to
\begin{align}
    G^{*\, \nu}_{V, b} & = - \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v} {\epsilon^{\nu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} v_\rho v'_\sigma \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\lambda} \nonumber \\
    i G^{*\, \nu}_{A, b} & = -\frac{\xi}{k \cdot v} \left( (w + 1) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \nu} - v'^\nu (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^* )\right) \nonumber \\
    G^{*\, \nu}_{V, c} & = \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v'} {\epsilon^{\nu \rho \sigma}}_{\lambda} v_\rho v'_\sigma \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\,\lambda} \nonumber \\
    iG^{*\, \nu}_{A, c} & = \frac{\xi}{k \cdot v'} \left( (w + 1) \varepsilon_{D^*}^{*\, \nu} - v'^\nu (v \cdot \varepsilon_{D^*}^* )\right)
\end{align}
where $a^{ [ \mu} b^{ \nu ]} \equiv a^\mu b^\nu - b^\mu a^\nu$ (and is straightforwardly generalized for the anti-commutator) and $\varepsilon_{D^*}^\mu$ is the $D^*$ polarization vector.

\section{Soft Limit}
\label{sec:soft_limit}

\begin{figure}[t]
    \centering
    \input{feynman_diagrams/softest_radiation_B_diagram.tex}
    \input{feynman_diagrams/softest_radiation_D_diagram.tex}

    \caption{In the soft limit, $k \ll \Lambda_\text{QCD}$, the leading order contributions to the radiative semileptonic $\bar{B}_a \rightarrow D_a^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ processes ($\mathcal{M} \sim k^{-1}$)  originate from these Feynman diagrams in the heavy hadron effective theory.}
    \label{fig:leading_soft_feynman_diagrams}
\end{figure}

Further insight on the structure of the new form factors $\zeta_{1-4}$ derived in Sec.~\ref{subsec:ward_identities} can be gained by studying the small $k$ (soft) limit, $k \ll \Lambda_\text{QCD}$, where leading and sub-leading soft theorems~\cite{Low:1958sn,Weinberg:1965nx,Jackiw:1968zza} constrain the $k^{-1}$ and $k^0$ behavior of the $\zeta_i$'s, relating the $\bar B \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ amplitudes to the amplitudes without photon emission, $\bar B \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell$.

The soft limit is a strict subset of the $m_Q \rightarrow \infty$ limit, and can be described in terms of hadron fields. This limit is accessed by matching heavy quark effective theory onto a heavy hadron effective theory containing only the lowest multiplets. The effect of higher multiplets are encoded in higher derivative operators. We make the $SU(3)_V$ transformation properties of the heavy hadron fields explicit in this section.

To understand the leading, and sub-leading order, behavior we expand the matrix element in a power series in $k$: $\mathcal{M} = \mathcal{M}_{-1} + \mathcal{M}_0 + \mathcal{O}(k)$, where $\mathcal{M}_i \sim \mathcal{O}(k^i)$. In Sec.~\ref{subsec:leading_soft} we compute $\mathcal{M}_{-1}$ exactly, and then in Sec.~\ref{subsec:subleading_soft} we discuss the calculation of $\mathcal{M}_0$ and compute explicitly the contribution to it from the magnetic dipole operator. We find that in both cases the $\zeta_i$'s can be written in terms of the Isgur-Wise function.

\subsection{Leading Soft Behavior}
\label{subsec:leading_soft}

To explore the $k^{-1}$ term in the amplitude it is sufficient to study the leading order heavy hadron Lagrangian. At this order, the interaction with the photon is described by the mimimal coupling of the heavy hadron field to the electromagnetic field,
\begin{align}
    \left( D_\mu H \right)_a & = \partial_\mu H_a - i e A_\mu Q_{ab} H^b \label{eq:covariant_derivative}\\
    \mathbf{Q} & = \text{diag} \left( q_Q - q_u, q_Q - q_d, q_Q - q_s \right) \nonumber
\end{align}
where $a, b$ are $SU(3)_V$ flavor indices and $q_u e$, $q_d e$, $q_s e$ are the electromagnetic charges of the up, down, and strange quarks, respectively. The expression $e(q_Q -q_a)$ is just the electric charge of the heavy meson written in terms of the electric charge of the heavy quark, $q_Q e$, and the light valence quark, $q_a e$, as it will be convenient in the matching to the heavy quark limit expressions. The interaction Lagrangian is then
\begin{align}
    \mathcal{L}_\text{int} = e v^\mu A_\mu \text{Tr}\left[ \bar{H} \cdot \mathbf{Q} \cdot H \right]
    \label{eq:chiral_limit_L_int}
\end{align}
With the interaction Lagrangian, along with the hadron field propagator, $i/(2k \cdot v)$, we can compute the matrix element for $\bar B_a \rightarrow D_a^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$, shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:leading_soft_feynman_diagrams}. We will use the convention $\bar B_a$, $D^{(*)}_a$ with $a = u,d,s$ based on the valence quark flavor to describe different processes. The matrix element, $\mathcal{M}_{-1}$, with just the leading order contribution from radiation off the hadron fields, is
\begin{align}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}^\mu_{-1}}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} = \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \left[ \left( \frac{(q_a - q_b) v^\mu}{k \cdot v} + \frac{(q_c - q_a) v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} \right) \left( F_V^\nu - F_A^\nu \right) \right] \bar{u} \gamma_\nu (1 - \gamma^5) v + \frac{\mathcal{M}^\mu_{-1,\text{lepton}}}{\sqrt{m_B m_{D^{(*)}}}} \, .
\end{align}
where $\mathcal{M}_\text{lepton}^\mu$ here is the same as in Sec.~\ref{sec:matrix_element}, and the other two terms describe the photon emission from the $\bar B_a$ and the $D^{(*)}_a$ lines, and are collectively $\mathcal{M}_{-1}$. Matching this on to the matrix element found previously, Eq.~\eqref{eq:M_total}, expanded in $k$ at this order, it is easy to confirm that the terms $\propto q_b, q_c$ are automatically matched to Eqs.~(\ref{eq:G_V_b_B_D},~\ref{eq:G_V_c_B_D}), while the $q_a$ dependence must be contained in $T^{\mu \nu}$. Considering the $\bar{B}_a \rightarrow D_a \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ case and the terms $\propto q_a$,
\begin{align}
    q_a \xi \, \left( \frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v} - \frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'}\right) (v^\nu + v'^\nu) = T^{\mu \nu}_V
\end{align}
where $T^{\mu \nu}_V$ is given in Eq.~(\ref{eq:T_V_B_D}). Therefore we see that
\begin{align}
    \zeta_1 \rightarrow -q_a \xi + \mathcal{O} \left ( \frac{k}{\Lambda_\text{QCD}} \right) \, ,
\end{align}
which justifies the extra factor of $v \cdot k$ in the redefinition of $x^{(1)} \rightarrow \zeta_1$. We also learn that $\zeta_{2-4}$ are unconstrained and can begin at order $\mathcal{O}(1/v \cdot k, 1/ v' \cdot k)$, as we will see in the next section. To connect to the literature~\cite{Gasser:2004ds,Becirevic:2009fy,Bernlochner:2010yd}, the emissions from the lepton, the heavy quarks and the leading contribution to $\zeta_1$ correspond to what is conventionally called internal bremsstrahlung (IB) while $\mathcal{O}(k)$ contributions to $\zeta_1$, and $\zeta_{2-4}$, parameterize the structure dependent (SD) contributions.

\subsection{Sub-Leading Soft Behavior}
\label{subsec:subleading_soft}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \input{feynman_diagrams/magnetic_dipole_B_diagram.tex}
    \input{feynman_diagrams/magnetic_dipole_D_diagram.tex}
    \caption{Feynman diagrams contributing to the sub-leading soft, $k \ll \Lambda_\text{QCD}$, behavior of the radiative semileptonic process $\bar{B}_a \rightarrow D_a \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ within a heavy hadron effective theory. Intermediate excited states, $\bar{B}_a^*$ and $D_a^*$, arise from the magnetic dipole term in the Lagrangian, Eq.~\eqref{eq:L_dipole}.}
    \label{fig:sub_leading_soft_feynman_diagrams}
\end{figure}

To understand the sub-leading soft behavior of $\zeta_{1-4}$ we need to study the amplitude at order $\mathcal{O}(k^0)$ and consider higher order operators in the heavy hadron Lagrangian. These are effective operators with one extra covariant derivative on a hadron line, including the magnetic dipole operator,\footnote{There is also the operator $\text{Tr}\left[ \bar H D^2 H \right] $, but it does not contribute to the on-shell matrix element.}
\begin{align}
    \mathcal{L}_\text{dipole} & = \frac {i e }{2} F_{\mu\nu} \text{Tr}\left[ \sigma^{\mu\nu} \bar H \cdot \boldsymbol{\mu} \cdot H\right] \label{eq:L_dipole}\\
    \boldsymbol{\mu} & = \text{diag}(\mu_u, \mu_d, \mu_s) \, ,
\end{align}
which induces a transition between a $D_a$ ($\bar{B}_a$) and $D_a^*$ ($\bar{B}_a^*$). At this order there are also corrections to the weak current operator,
\begin{align}
    \mathcal{L}_\text{current} & = a_{1, c}(w) \, v^\mu \text{Tr}\left[(D_\mu \bar H_c^{(v')}) \Gamma H_b^{(v)}\right]  + a_{2,c}(w) \, \text{Tr}\left[(\slashed D \bar H_c^{(v')}) \Gamma H_b^{(v)}\right]\nonumber \\
      & + a_{1,b} (w) \, v'^\mu \text{Tr}\left[\bar H_c^{(v')} \Gamma D_\mu H_b^{(v)}\right] + a_{2,b} (w) \, \text{Tr}\left[\gamma^\mu \bar H_c^{(v')} \Gamma D_\mu H_b^{(v)}\right]
\end{align}
where $D_\mu$ is the covariant derivative defined in Eq.~\eqref{eq:covariant_derivative}. The effect of the current corrections vanishes in the zero recoil limit, $v=v'$, as they can be eliminated using the equations of motion. The coefficient of the magnetic dipole operator can be extracted from the $D^* \rightarrow D \gamma$ rate~\cite{Amundson:1992yp} and has been also computed on the lattice~\cite{Becirevic:2009xp}, while the coefficients $a_{1-2,b-c}$ of the current corrections are currently unknown. The $\mathcal{O}(k^0)$ matrix element reads
\begin{equation}
    \frac{\mathcal{M}^\mu_{0}}{\sqrt{m_{B_a} m_{D^{(*)}_a}}} = \frac{G_F e V_{cb}}{\sqrt{2}} \left(\Delta T^{\mu\nu}_{V} -\Delta T^{\mu\nu}_{A} \right) \bar u \gamma_\nu (1-\gamma^5) v + \frac{\mathcal{M}^\mu_{0,\text{lepton}}}{\sqrt{m_{B_a} m_{D^{(*)}_a}}}
\end{equation}
with $\Delta T_{V,A}$ receiving contribution both from the dipole and the current operators above. To investigate their structure we will focus on the magnetic dipole contribution to the $\bar B_a \rightarrow D_a \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ amplitude~\cite{Becirevic:2009fy}; the $\bar B_a \rightarrow D^*_a \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process will be parameterically similar. There are two diagrams contributing, one where the photon is emitted from the $\bar B_a$ line (transitioning to a $\bar B^*_a$) and one from the $D_a$ (to $D^*_a$), shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:sub_leading_soft_feynman_diagrams}. Their sum read:
\begin{align}
   \Delta T^{\mu\nu}_{V,\text{dipole}} &= \frac{ \mu_a}{2} \xi(w) \bigg\{ g^{\mu\nu} \left( \frac{k \cdot v}{k \cdot v'} +  \frac{k \cdot v'}{k \cdot v} -2 w \right) + \left(\frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} - \frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v}\right) k^\rho v^{[\nu} v'^{\rho]}  \nonumber \\
    & + k^\nu \left[\frac{v^\mu}{k \cdot v}\left(w - \frac{k \cdot v}{k \cdot v'}\right) + \frac{v'^\mu}{k \cdot v'} \left(w - \frac{k \cdot v'}{k\cdot v}\right) \right] \bigg\}\nonumber \\
    \Delta T^{\mu\nu}_{A,\text{dipole}} &= \frac{ \mu_a}{2} \xi(w) \bigg[ (1+w) \epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}k_\rho \left(\frac{v_\sigma}{k \cdot v} - \frac{v'_\sigma}{k \cdot v'}\right) - \left(\frac{v'^\nu}{k \cdot v'} + \frac{v^\nu}{k \cdot v}\right) \epsilon^{\mu\rho\sigma\lambda}k_\rho v_\sigma v'_\lambda \bigg]
\end{align}

Upon matching these results to the $\zeta_{1-4}(w, v \cdot k, v' \cdot k)$ form factors one find that they receive contributions:
\begin{align}
     \zeta_1 & = -q_a \xi(w) + \frac{\mu_a}{4} \left(k \cdot v - k \cdot v'\right)\,\xi(w) + \ldots, \ \ & \zeta_2 &= -\frac{\mu_a}{4} (1+w) \left(\frac{1}{k \cdot v} - \frac{1}{k \cdot v'}\right)\,\xi(w) + \ldots, \nonumber \\
    \zeta_3 & =  -\frac{\mu_a}{4} \left(\frac{1}{k \cdot v} - \frac{1}{k \cdot v'}\right)\,\xi(w) + \ldots, \ \ &\zeta_4 &= \frac{\mu_a}{4} \left(\frac{1}{k \cdot v} + \frac{1}{k \cdot v'}\right)\,\xi(w) + \ldots.
\end{align}
where the ellipsis include both contributions from the current corrections at $\mathcal{O}(k^0)$ and terms higher order in $k$. As expected, the dipole contribution to $\zeta_1$ starts at $\mathcal{O}(k)$, while the contribution to $\zeta_{2-4}$ begin at $\mathcal{O}(k^{-1})$, and are all proportional to the leading order Isgur-Wise function.

The presence of $(k \cdot v / k\cdot v')$ and $(k \cdot v'/ k \cdot v)$ factors in the amplitude at $\mathcal{O}(k^0)$ is not unexpected. Similar ratios are known to appear in the sub-leading soft limit for effective theories with massless particles~\cite{Elvang:2016qvq}. The contributions from the current operators to $\Delta T_{V,A}$ will induce similar contributions to $\zeta_{1-4}$ and induce in the amplitude ratios of $v\cdot k$ and $v' \cdot k$.

\section{Discussion}
\label{sec:conclusion}

We have studied the implications of heavy quark symmetry (HQS) for radiative semileptonic $\bar B$ decays. This study is motivated by the increase in data that will be available from Belle II and LHCb. Radiative semileptonic $\bar B$ decays are an interesting process since they probe HQS in a different kinematic regime than non-radiative semileptonic processes. Moreover they are a background for other semileptonic $\bar B$ decay measurements, such as the extraction of $V_{cb}$ and of the $R(D^{(*)})$ ratios, when the radiated photon goes undetected. We restricted our attention to the kinematic region where radiating the final state photon does not change the heavy quark four velocity. In this region HQS implies a dramatic reduction in the number of independent scalar form factors characterizing the decay amplitudes.

Throughout this paper we have worked to lowest order in the electromagnetic coupling and neglected $1/m_{c,b}$ corrections. There are kinematic regions where this will not be adequate.

For very soft photons there are infrared and collinear (with the electron) divergences that should be resummed, and one loop corrections that should be included. However, these effects are already well studied in the literature. NLO QED effects when the photon is soft have been computed in~\cite{Atwood:1989em, Bernlochner:2010yd, deBoer:2018ipi}, including resumming the Coulomb corrections, while leading logs are partially resummed in \texttt{PHOTOS}~\cite{Barberio:1990ms, Barberio:1993qi} (up to quadratic order) or fully via YFS~\cite{Yennie:1961ad} in other MonteCarlo event generators such as \texttt{Sherpa}~\cite{Schonherr:2008av}. Several numerical comparisons between the different predictions of these calculations have been performed both in the B-factory~\cite{Bernlochner:2010fc} and LHCb~\cite{Cali:2019nwp} kinematic regimes.

It is therefore important to compare our calculation with the approximations currently used by LHCb and Belle II in simulating semileptonic $\bar B$ decays. Experiments are currently using \texttt{PHOTOS} to generate radiated photons in semileptonic $\bar B$ decays (with the LO process usually generated by \texttt{EvtGen})\footnote{The program \texttt{BLOR} which include several effects neglected in \texttt{PHOTOS} was also available during the past B factory runs~\cite{Bernlochner:2010yd}. As there are no current plans for Belle II to use it, we will not discuss it any further.} and also include photons from $B\rightarrow (D^* \rightarrow D \gamma) \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell$ as a separate process with the $D^*$ (quasi) on-shell (i.e., $| m_{D\gamma} - m_{D^*} | < \textrm{few} \times \Gamma_{D^*}$). \texttt{PHOTOS} generates (multi-)photon radiation starting from a non-radiative decay event in the leading logarithmic approximation, extrapolated over the whole kinematic space allowed for photon emission, and neglects the interference between amplitudes where the photon is radiated from different charged legs. In the language of this paper, it is equivalent to setting $\zeta_1(w, v \cdot k, v' \cdot k) = - q_a \xi(w)$, $\zeta_{2-4}(w, k \cdot v, k \cdot v')=0$, neglecting the $\slashed{k}$ term in $\mathcal{M}_\textrm{lepton}$ and neglecting the interference between $\mathcal{M}_\textrm{lepton}$ and $\mathcal{M}_\textrm{light} + \mathcal{M}_\textrm{heavy}$ in $|\mathcal{M}|^2$. Furthermore, since the photon radiated from a charged $D^{(*)}$ is produced by a deformation of the kinematic configuration of the non-radiative process, for these diagrams the leading order Isgur-Wise function is evaluated at a different recoil parameter point $\bar w = (m_B^2+m^2_{D^{(*)}} - (p_B-p_{D^{(*)}\gamma})^2)/(2 m_B m_{D^{(*)}})$. However the difference $\bar w - w$~is~$\mathcal{O}(v^{(\prime)} \cdot k / m_{B,D^{(*)}})$ and therefore higher order in $1/m_{b,c}$.

The novel element of this paper is a compact parameterization of contributions to the radiative semileptonic $\bar{B} \rightarrow D^{(*)} \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell \gamma$ process in the region where the photon probes the structure of the heavy mesons, in the form of the (currently unknown) functions $\zeta_{1-4}$.

The effect of $\zeta_{1-4}$ (and other effects missing in \texttt{PHOTOS}) can be included in current event generators via, e.g., event reweighing with tools such as \texttt{Hammer}. The relevant helicity amplitudes, together with a numerical study of the size of the effects that $\zeta_{1-4}$ may induce in semileptonic measurements, along the lines of~\cite{Cali:2019nwp}, will be presented elsewhere.

We have also studied the low photon energy, $k < \Lambda_\text{QCD}$, behavior of $\zeta_{1-4}$ and found that the leading order, in $k$ behavior is determined by the Isgur-Wise function. The sub-leading contributions can be captured by the magnetic moment, $\mu$, and four Wilson coefficients $a_{1-2,b-c}$ which are functions of the recoil parameter $w$. ($\mu$ is constrained by the $D^* \rightarrow D \gamma$ width.) In particular, the results of Sec.~\ref{sec:soft_limit}, together with the bookkeeping procedure used by experiments to account for photons originating from on-shell decays of $D^* \rightarrow D \gamma$ in separate event samples, imply that, in practice, the magnetic dipole contributions to the SD form factors are never dominant. Away from the $D^*$ peak in the $(D\gamma)$ mass distribution the current corrections are expected to contribute to the same level (or even be parametrically larger when the photon energy drops below the $D-D^*$ ($B-B^*$) mass gap as the dipole operators will be further suppressed by the mass gap).

There are various avenues to further pursue the study initiated here. For example, translating these results to a form that can be directly used by the experiments, and quantitative estimation of the impact of $\zeta_{1-4}$ on the semileptonic analyses as already mentioned above. With enough data Belle II can tag the photon and constrain $\zeta_{1-4}$. In practice a suitable parameterization of the $\zeta$'s amenable for fitting should be found.
Study of radiative semileptonic transition can also be performed for other heavy hadrons, such as $\Lambda_b \rightarrow \Lambda_c \ell \nu$.
There are also more interesting field theoretical questions such as how to describe harder photon radiation in heavy quark effective theory. If the photon is sufficiently hard, the heavy quark line will have two cusps, one due to the weak vertex and one due to photon emission.

\begin{acknowledgments}
We would like to thank Florian Bernlochner for discussions and Zoltan Ligeti and Dean Robinson for comments on the paper. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award Number DE-SC0011632 and by the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics.
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


GREAT TRACT - WONDERFUL BUILDING SITE VIEWING LOOKOUT MTN - MIXED TIMBER - PASTURE /OPEN - DEER, TURKEY - PERFECT FOR A PERMANENT RESIDENCE OR WEEKEND GETAWAY - TWO PERSON EASEMENT - CAN BE GATED. Possible owner financing with 25% down, 5-6 years at 6%. Price reduced to $2,200 per acre.


LJ, could explain what has to stay on the car not to throw codes? I have kpro on one S2000 and an AEM series 2 on the other. I am exploring options to replace the Series2 for emisions purposes. Kpro was a bit pricey.
haltech are still available ?
Still selling haltech pro plug in? Price?


text:
Q: Angular Filter Argument are always undefined I have the following problem: I have a filter which filters a collection of clients base on 3 arguments (the status, the name, etc.). You can see it here:
"http://cholordoweb.com/"; you should download this page: "pantalla_gestion_usuarios.html" and this
"http://cholordoweb.com/recursos/panelUsuario.js" where the filter is defined...
The problem is that event If I select "Active" in my combo (which defines the client status), internally the corresponding argument is always undefined...
Do you know why is happening this ?.
Edited #1
The problem is simple: I have one filter with 3 arguments (2 combos and 1 textbox) and when I select an option and the filter mechanism is triggered, all the arguments are undefined... Can't reproduce it thats the other problem... I am lost...


NBA Finals are the yearly championship series deciding the winner of the National Basketball Association. Each year, two teams square off in the a seven games series. The first time to win four games is crowned the NBA champion. The NBA Finals locations are determined by the teams involved. The NBA Finals occur at the end of the NBA season and the early rounds of the NBA playoffs. The NBA Finals always feature one team from the Western Conference and one team from the Eastern Conference. The first NBA Finals occured in 1947. The NBA Finals usually happen in June. The NBA Finals are always televised live, drawing millions of viewers. The NBA season ends after the NBA Finals are concluded, with teams enjoying an offseason before the next year's regular season begins. The NBA Finals are considered one of the four main U.S. sports championships, along with Major League Baseball's World Series, the National Football League's Super Bowl, and the National Hockey Association's Stanley Cup Finals.


This blog discusses the capabilities of accounting software and ERP software, highlighting the unique benefits of each and noting how they're different.
Get a quick look at our top 10 favourite updates from Infor SunSystems 6.3. Get more information about Infor SunSystems today.
Digital Transformation is affecting all areas of businesses in all industries but what does it actually mean for you?


text:
by submission | Sep 18, 2020 | Story | 0 comments
Author: Naomi Eselojor
The Earth was dying. Scientists had predicted this day would come, but they never imagined it would be this soon. Volcanoes all over the world were erupting. There was a lighting storm raging, lighting buildings, and causing a rampaging fire. Massive wedge tornadoes stretched to the sky, compounding as they collided with houses, buildings, and cars. The earth's core was unstable; it was only a matter of time before the earth was destroyed. Human technology was no match for mother earth herself. They felt her anger towards mankind, anger towards the humans neglected it that didn't try to preserve and protect it.
Bianca and her boyfriend, Drun were at the hangar of his father's space agency. Only one escape pod was left. They exchanged apprehensive looks as they stood beside it. The escape pod could only accommodate one individual. Bianca latched onto her boyfriend, her lips trembled, tears filled her eyes. Their chances of survival were as slim as a thread. There was little time to waste, the ground beneath them rumbled, the building shook forming cracks on the floor that spread to the walls and ceilings, thickening with every passing second.
"What do we do?" Bianca asked, nearly choking on her words. Drun smiled at her and tucked a loose strand behind her ear before pulling her in for a kiss. She needed it, especially now, when she had lost her parents, her three siblings, and her childhood friend to the giant cyclone whooshing outside. She needed to be with the man she loved, to savor the last moments with him because there was no way she would leave him behind. They would die together, together forever.
Drun pulled away from her, "I love you so much," he said.
With the speed of a cheetah, he pushed the hatch open and shoved Bianca into the escape pod. The countdown began immediately. Bianca, flabbergasted at first, had now come back to her senses. She banged against the transparent window until her hands were sore. Drun looked at her with glossy eyes, "I love you," he mouthed. At the count of one, the pod blasted off deep into the blackness of outer space.
Bianca, agitated, meddled with the controls. There should be a way to change the coordinates and set course for the earth, she told herself. Drun could still be alive, he had to be. She had lost everyone else already, she couldn't lose him too. Hours of torment passed by and Bianca continued to bang buttons. Drun knew this would happen, he knew there'd be one pod left and so he programmed it to take her as far away as possible, he wanted her to start a new life, at some other galaxy. If only he knew that Bianca couldn't live without him.
She finally succeeded in overriding the program, she typed in earth's coordinates and at the speed of light, was transported back home, only, there was no earth anymore. She was too late, what used to be a green and blue planet, was now a cluster of debris. Her Drun was gone, her planet, gone, it had torn itself apart.
Tears couldn't leave her eyes, the heaviness she felt within couldn't amount to tears but the pain would become a part of her, a part of her that she would carry around all the days of her life. With Drun gone, there was no one else to live for. She altered the coordinates a second time. Last stop, the sun.
What They Don't Teach You At Space School


That enormous $153,161.25 hospital bill is easily on par with purchasing a house – except the house would typically be financed over 30 years. Notice the hospital bill was dated or issued on July 13, 2015 and the entire bill is due July 27, 2015. I think even loan sharks and illegal drug dealers would allow a little more time for a payback before ordering a hit.
Tell me again, what kind of country bankrupts its citizens when they are struggling to stay alive in a scary medical emergency and at their most vulnerable?
Did you notice the pharmacy charge? A cool $83,341.25! Meet America's most successful Drug dealers.
Current estimates are that hospitals in the United States overcharge their patients by approximately 10 billion dollars every single year.
Yet it's only 31st in providing coverage to its people among the OECD's 34 members! America is not the best allopathic health care system in the world. It ranks 27th in life expectancy and 31 out of 40 in infant mortality, compared to other OECD countries. See other dismal US health care rankings here.
Projections are that the U.S. will spend 4.5 trillion dollars on health care in 2019.
This unfortunate person obviously suffered from two snake bites [bill pictured above]. One from an actual snake and the other a financial bite from the snakes wearing white coats and the power behind them, the financial scammers sporting expensive suits, Rolex watches, and a Mercedes or two.
The $884-billion-a-year, private health insurance industry is another offspring of Wall Street profit at any cost. In fact, the largest health insurance companies are managed by the world's top investment houses. Huge financial institutions own the majority of health insurance stocks or shares.
The supposed operating rational behind traditional insurance is pooling of risk.
The game is run the same way for all types of insurance. The idea is that only a few unfortunate souls will need to draw from the collective pool during any given time period. In other words, there's' always more money in the pool compared to how much is drawn from it.
But here's the rub: since everyone, as Shakespeare so cleverly pointed out eventually "suffer[s] the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune" most will eventually need to draw funds from the collective "sick pool fund." The reality is that we're paying a third party to manage our healthcare dollars for us –until we really need them. Meanwhile, the health insurance banksters skim as much profit off the top of the pool any way they can and employ an army of paper-pushing middlemen to manage our contributions.
If you query Americans who do have private health insurance, most will contend that they are satisfied with their coverage – until they actually have to put it to the test.
Here's the dirty little secret behind how health insurance companies operate. They don't make money by pooling or spreading the risk; they make money by limiting risk.
The key to keeping their profits high is to sell insurance to those considered " low risk" applicants (young and healthy) and limit their "high risk" applicants (older people or those who have pre-existing health issues). That's why they hire actuaries.
In the past decade, insurance premiums have increased three times as fast as wages.
Reject applicants based on their health history and current health status. In other words, the more you need health (sick) care coverage the less likely you are to able to get it. And remember health insurance is actually sick care coverage, nothing else.
Cherry pick applicants. The older you get, the more you'll pay for the same or usually lesser coverage, because on average, it's likely that more problematic health conditions have accrued. If you work in a health compromising job you'll pay more for insurance.
You will pay the highest premiums and co-pays and may be forced to choose a very high deductible because you are considered a greater risk – which means you are likely to use your health insurance more than those who pose a lesser risk according to actuaries.
Translation: Pay more, lots more money for less or inferior sick care coverage when you really need it – when your life may depend on it.
Divide and conquer. View your body parts as separate risk factors and attach riders to your health insurance policy that exclude coverage of conditions or body parts that could require medical attention. Or pay more for a pre-existing condition-waiting period rider.
Isn't it obvious by now that the house always wins because the game is rigged for that outcome? Lure the young and healthy into the sick care insurance scam with a high-deductible, lower-premium plan that statistically most likely won't be used often.
A legally questionable method resorted to by insurance companies to maximize profits and boost CEO pay is to take customer paid premiums and use them to repurchase company stock. These large-scale buybacks enrich institutional shareholders, top executives, and board members who have extensive company stock holdings.
So just in case you're thinking 'Well, I have health insurance so I'm protected from this type of financial devastation, right?' Wrong! A 2013 commonwealth fund survey was conducted in 11 countries and found that US adults with year round health coverage were more likely than adults in other countries to skip needed medical care, because it's unaffordable; it costs too much.
Surprisingly, even the fully insured in the US are forced to struggle with huge medical bills and are often stuck with high out-of-pocket costs.
"The U.S. spends more on health care than any other country, but what we get for these significant resources falls short in terms of access to care, affordability, and quality," said Commonwealth Fund President David Blumenthal, MD.
Most Americans are very afraid of hospitals not only because they routinely kill so many patients, but because of the severe financial pain they cause.
One short hospital stay can literally drain your savings accounts, max out your credit cards, liquidating assets including refinancing your home to pay off your enormous medical bills. Even with health insurance, you can still accrue a mountain of medical debt.
By the way, did you know hospital medical errors are killing approximately 440,000 people each year? For example, patients get the wrong drugs or the wrong dose; some die from secondary infections because doctors or nurses forgot to wash their hands. Others perish simply because they never get needed tests or life saving treatments.
The unvarnished truth: Americans are literally drowning in medical debt. In fact, medical bills are the number-one cause of personal bankruptcy and they are responsible for more collections than credit cards.
Approximately 40 percent of Americans have medical bill problems or are paying off medical bills. Each year 30 million Americans are in collection for medical debt. Compared to adults living in other developed countries, Americans are much likelier to struggle to pay their medical bills or to skip medical care altogether for financial reasons.
Back in the late 1800's a group of US physicians called Eclectics documented the use of Echinacea for successfully treating all kind of stings and bites.
Because allopathic, monopoly medicine has successfully suppressed most natural, inexpensive and non-toxic treatments and cures, I'm positive that most – if not all of you reading this do not know that Echinacea angustifolia root extract is a cure for a variety of stings and bites including black widow spiders and rattlesnakes.
The treatment is twofold both topical and internal. First a moist compress soaked in the extract is placed on the wound, while simultaneously the extract is taken internally. When taken orally the extract enters the bloodstream and targets the areas just under the skin, which halts the spread of venom along with tissue healing.
The Eclectic physicians documented that their patients experienced improvement in 30 minutes to several hours after treatment with Echinacea. Full resolution was reported within 24 hours. No unpleasant side effects were ever experienced.
Bottom Line: Hospitals, Big Pharma, Insurance Companies, and Most Doctors are Blatantly Ripping Off Americans as They Monopolize Medical Care!


Celebrate spring and May Day with this lively English May song, arranged by Paul Kerlee and Judith Cook Tucker. Lively, punchy, and rhythmic, this is the perfect song to kick off a May celebration, especially if used as a processional. Your upper elementary or middle school guys will love it! SA/piano/percussion; optional Orff instrument arrangement; optional recorder; unison (multiple soloists possible).


text:
Герб гмины Грыбув (Малопольское воеводство, Новосонченский повят представляет собой изображение в голубом гербовым поле св. Екатерины Александрийской. Она изображена в короне и с нимбом, в золотой одежде с красной накидкой. В правой руке держит меч а также пальмовую ветвь. Герб был в XIX в гербом города Грибова, принят в настоящее время в качестве герба сельской гмины Грыбув.

Гмина Грыбув

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Coat: 4 (4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 11) skeins of Purl Soho's Worsted Twist. This color is Sea Salt.
Vest: 3 (3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6 , 6, 7, 8) skeins of Purl Soho's Worsted Twist. This is the color Oyster Gray.
NOTE: Below are the finished dimensions of the garment. Designed with an ease of +2 to +4 inches.


To celebrate the fourth anniversary of our Grow FitTM healthy living initiative, we have some ideas for keeping your family healthy throughout the season. As the weather turns cooler and we spend less time outdoors, it doesn't mean we have to give up healthy life choices.
Here's a few ways to celebrate fitness this October—and all year long.
Instead of syrup on your pancakes, try yogurt or applesauce.
Blend together frozen strawberries and milk to make a healthier strawberry shake.
Instead of juice, try infused water by picking your favorite fruit, adding it to a pitcher of water, and refrigerating for two hours.
Swap out white rice for brown rice in a recipe to bump up the fiber!
Instead of dipping veggies into ranch, try hummus instead. Make your own with our delicious recipe.
Next time you go to work, park in a farther spot than you usually do, and add some steps to your daily walking routine.
When you have the chance, take the stairs instead of the elevator.
Don't drive to the park, take a family bike ride instead.
Visit an apple orchard for a hike and to take home some fresh fruit.
Remember: A healthy, active family is also a happy family. Stay fit!


text:
Eric Pearson // Pearson Smith Realty
Resource Library Success Stories
Eric Pearson built the right foundation, but when he empowered it with the right system, he increased revenue by 150%.
Using only Zillow Premier, realtor.com and his sphere of influence for lead generation, he steadily increased his production during his first year in real estate from zero to $17mm in 2012. It was impressive growth, but Eric was in need of a stronger lead generation plan to sustain it, and an agile system to maintain it.
Life Before BoomTown
Eric was using an Excel spreadsheet as his leads management system, which led to a great deal of time spent organizing data and trying to understand the effectiveness of each lead source. He manually sent email blasts to his leads, and without any analytics or a guided follow-up process, it wasn't easy to tell why some prospects were turning into customers and others were not. His steady growth enabled him to grow from 2 to 22 agents in just one year, but individual agents each had their own processes and workarounds that were making it difficult to measure results.
He knew it was time to invest in a comprehensive system, but he felt burned from trying multiple systems that just couldn't cut it. Despite having just purchased another system, Eric took a leap of faith to go with BoomTown, and says it was the best decision he ever made.
I decided to run an experiment with my team. I kept 10 agents on the current system, and set the other 10 up with BoomTown. Within days I saw an incredible difference. The 10 using BoomTown loved the system and were significantly outperforming the other group.
Life with BoomTown
Automated nurturing and follow-up alerts provided a solution for his agents to scale their service, and quickly send prospects relevant information in tailored messages even when they were on the go. This made it easy to build trust with their prospects and position them as experts, not to mention the relief of knowing they could stay on top of everything with ease. His team could now react quickly and the system supplied crucial intelligence back to Eric. They were free from their disparate systems, and efficiently managing everything in one place.
Better Insight + Real-Time information = No more guesswork
By tracking activity and streamlining communication with BoomTown, Eric had the insight he needed to make critical decisions. Logging into his Accountability Dashboard hourly, Eric was able to accurately measure his team's productivity with reports made available in real-time charts with clear information. The accessibility of data helped him see his team's effect on revenue and even justified doubling his agent roster and creating a new team structure.
"Initially we had a round robin structure, but quickly adapted to an "agent on duty" model for lead rotation after noticing the system reported some less-than stellar response times. 3 agents per day receive leads from the BoomTown system and they are required to respond within one hour or the lead is transferred to another agent.
BoomTown makes it easy for agents to tell which prospects are in what stage of the buying game, and every Thursday Eric requires four hours of prospecting the leads that are noted as being in the "Hot" and "Nurture" categories. He has his team contact "Hot" leads every couple of days, those in the "Nurture" category once a week, and for the Watch category he sets up follow-up tasks based on the estimated timeframe to buy (this could be every 4-6 months or so). These follow ups are reserved for the monthly call nights he holds to get everyone together to have some fun and make some calls. For leads in the Qualify Category, he lets his Smart-Drip tool automate the entire follow up process with email campaigns that get results.
Going for it without fear
"The BoomTown success management team works to understand our unique business goals and suggests strategies to get there, rather than forcing a one-size-fits all method on us."
With deep and instantaneous insight on which campaigns are working, why leads are converting, and how each agent is performing, they are no longer spinning their wheels to determine what steps to take next, or bouncing back between multiple systems to conduct day-to-day tasks.
The team now has the system in place to take their business to the next level with the transparency and metrics to know what works, hold themselves accountable, and make decisions without fear. What's the risk when the results are in?


text:
Karl Bodmer (* 3. November 1911 in Ebingen; † 7. November 1955 ebenda), weitläufig auch unter dem Namen Karl Bodmer Ebingen bekannt, war ein deutscher Motorradrennfahrer.

Als Kfz-Mechaniker machte Bodmer 1942 in Reutlingen die Meisterprüfung. Er interessierte sich bereits sehr früh für den Zweiradsport, anfangs allerdings für Kunstradfahren und Radrennen im Radsportverein Ebingen.

Rennsportkarriere
Nachdem Bodmer im Jahr 1930 eine 500-cm³-Rennmaschine der Marke Victoria mit Sturmey-Archer-Motor erwarb, fuhr er sein erstes Rennen auf der Solitude und ging auf Anhieb als Erster durchs Ziel. Von 1930/31 bis 1933 bei Victoria angestellt, fuhr er eine spezielle Victoria KR 35 mit einem obengesteuerten J.A.P-Motor beim Teterower Bergrennen vor Toni Fleischmann auf Norton zum Sieg. Weitere Rennen des Jahres 1933, an denen Bodmer teilnahm, waren der Eilenriederennen mit dem dritten Platz auf einer 350-cm³-Imperia, Rang drei am Hockenheimring auf Imperia 350 cm³, Platz zwei beim Kesselbergrennen auf Victoria 350 cm³, dritter Platz beim Gabelbergrennen auf 500-cm³-Victoria, Zweiter bei der Würgauer Bergprüfungsfahrt, vierter Rang beim Ratisbona-Bergrennen und der Sieg beim Lückendorfer Bergrennen auf einer 350-cm³-Victoria.

In den folgenden Jahren fuhr Karl Bodmer Rennen auf Rennmaschinen der Marken Norton, Triumph und Universal. Einige Erfolge auf der Norton waren im Jahr 1934 die Siege beim Dreifaltigkeitsbergrennen (500 cm³) und zwei Mal beim Wartbergrennen (500 cm³ und 1000 cm³).

In den Jahren 1934 bis 1937 war Karl Bodmer sehr erfolgreicher Werksfahrer bei Auto Union und erreichte mit einer 500-cm³-Ladepumpen-DKW in Schleiz und am Feldberg zweite Plätze, beim Internationalen Solitude-Rennen 1937 Platz drei. 1937 gewann Karl Bodmer den Großen Preis von Deutschland für Motorräder auf DKW und im Jahr 1938 auf einer NSU-350. Bei weiteren Rennen im Jahr 1937, wie dem Eilenriederennen, dem Solitude-Rennen, dem AVUS-Rennen, dem Eifelrennen, beim Großen Preis von Europa, beim Großen Bergpreis von Deutschland, dem Schleizer Dreieckrennen, dem Hockenheimer Motorradrennen und bei der Deutschen Bergmeisterschaft bis 500 cm³ auf DKW-Auto Union, siegte er oder erreichte vordere Plätze.

Ab dem Jahr 1938 war Karl Bodmer bei NSU als Werksfahrer erfolgreich. Er siegte bereits im ersten Jahr beim Hamburger Stadtparkrennen vor 80.000 Zuschauern und beim Rennen Rund um Schotten jeweils auf der NSU Kompressor-Rennmaschine 350 cm³. Karl Bodmer startete bei vielen Rennen erfolgreich, u. a. am Sachsenring in Hohenstein-Ernstthal, in Bern, bei der Tourist Trophy auf der Isle of Man, in Schweden, Spanien, Belgien, in Österreich usw. Karl Bodmer fiel im Laufe der Zeit nicht nur einmal die wenig dankbare Aufgabe zu, noch unausgereifte Maschinen einzusetzen, wie etwa die Kompressor-NSU, was natürlich zu Ausfällen wegen technischer Mängel führte.

Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs war Bodmer von 1940 bis 1943 als Fahrlehrer und danach als Panzerkommandant im Russlandfeldzug bis 1945 eingesetzt und wurde kurz vor Kriegsende noch verwundet.

Bereits 1946 begann Karl Bodmer wieder die ersten Rennen zu organisieren, so das Karlsruher Dreiecksrennen sowie Rennen in Neuwied, München und am Ruhestein. 1947 wurde er auf seiner Königswellen-NSU, die er bereits vor dem Krieg fuhr, beim Schauinsland-Rennen Deutscher Meister. In den Folgejahren fuhr er noch einige unbedeutende Rennen und war dann aus gesundheitlichen Gründen gezwungen den Motorsport aufzugeben.

Fortan widmete sich Bodmer seiner Familie mit Frau Klara und den vier Kindern sowie dem Aufbau seines schnell weithin bekannten Motorradgeschäftes, in dem man Motorräder der Marken NSU, BMW, Horex, Victoria, DKW, Vespa und die in den 1950er Jahren immer beliebteren Kleinwagen der Marken BMW, Gutbrod und Lloyd kaufen konnte. Karl Bodmer starb nach längerem Leiden im Alter von nur 44 Jahren.

Rennsiege

Verweise

Quellen
 Hans-Jürgen Bodmer, Albstadt (Sohn von Karl Bodmer)

Literatur

Weblinks
 Meisterdinger von Nürnberg: der Rennfahrer
 Karl Bodmer

Sportler (Albstadt)
Militärperson (Heer der Wehrmacht)
Person im Zweiten Weltkrieg (Deutsches Reich)
Motorrad-Rennfahrer (Deutschland)
Geboren 1911
Gestorben 1955
Mann
Deutscher


text:
› philosophy › Spreading Taiwan's "Freedom, Democracy and Faith" to Mainland China
Spreading Taiwan's "Freedom, Democracy and Faith" to Mainland China
Master Okawa's Lecture in Taiwan
April 9, 2019 | Master Okawa's Lecture in Taiwan
Master Okawa gives a lecture in Taiwan for the first time in 11 years.
The audience listens attentively at the Grand Hyatt Taipei.
Master Ryuho Okawa, founder and CEO of Happy Science, gave a lecture in Taiwan on 3rd March to help save them from the crisis of a potential Chinese invasion. The landmark lecture pointed out the paths that Taiwan, China and Japan must now travel.
The war of words between Taiwan and China has suddenly risen sharply.
On 2nd March, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen told Sankei Shinbun that, "Taiwan and Japan face the same threat [China's military] in East Asia," so "there is a great need to step up the level of security talks."
This was the first time that Tsai so boldly requested direct talks with a country that has no diplomatic ties with Taiwan. On the 11th, she convened a state security conference and stated, "Whether China can walk down the road towards democratization becomes the key to protecting peace and progress on both sides of the Taiwan Strait."
The Chief of the Armed Forces was present for the first time at such an occasion since Tsai's inauguration in 2016. The President is making clear her wariness against China.
Tsai has relinquished her character of a careful scholar, and has started to make bold statements to proactively contain China.
China Threatens and Divides Taiwan
But China isn't just going to just sit there and watch.
On 13th March, The Chinese People's Political Consultation Conference, the government's advisory board, under Xi Jinping's supervision, passed a resolution to "Strictly oppose the plans and actions of Taiwan independence and separation from the Mainland."
They are also scheming a divide within Taiwan's government. The National People's Congress, which convened alongside the Consultation Conference, legislated a policy to please Taiwanese businesses and students in China through various benefits. This could work to separate the people from the Taiwanese government, and thereby prevent Tsai's re-election in January 2020.
In January this year, Xi Jinping threatened Tsai and Trump that he is "willing to consider military action against outside influences and powers that support Taiwan's independence." Annexing Taiwan before the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party in 2021 is crucial to securing his absolute dictatorship.
"Taiwan Is a Different Country"
Amidst the fierce clashes between Taiwan and China, Master Ryuho Okawa of Happy Science visited the Taiwanese capital of Taipei on 3rd March to give a lecture entitled, "Love Surpasses Hatred".
Master Okawa decided on this lecture in Taiwan after receiving a letter from former Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui in February. In the letter, the former President said he wants to entrust the future of Taiwan to Master Okawa.
Master Okawa appeared in front of 800 people including high-profile businessmen and media personnel, and spoke to the people of a country that the international community has chosen to ignore.
"There is no need to seek independence [from China]. Taiwan is already developing as a unique country. This country is different from China."
Taiwan fulfills the three factors that constitute a country: territory, citizens and sovereignty. Looked at this way, Taiwan is indeed an independent country. In 1996 they held their first Presidential election and officially embraced democratization. Ruling parties in the administration have changed numerous times since.
China emphasizes that they are the same race as the Taiwanese people, and that therefore Taiwan is part of China. But Taiwan already has territory, citizens and sovereign power that hardly resembles China. Taiwan has been fulfilling their role as a sovereign nation that protects the freedom and rights of the people.
Master Okawa's words gave courage to the listeners, despite the fact that even the Vatican – the highest authority of the Catholic Church – has abandoned Taiwan for China.
Back in 2006, one of Japan's most prominent international law specialists said, "Regardless of the fact that the Republic of China was dismissed from the UN, under international law, they remained a proper country that owns the territory we call Taiwan . . . Taiwan had land, citizens and a fully established Kuomintang government."
"Threats and pressures coming from the People's Republic of China across the Taiwan Strait is an invasion of the rights belonging to the people of Taiwan," he added.
"The Republic of China Had Their Territory Taken"
Twenty-five years ago in 1994, Master Okawa had said in a lecture that, "Taiwan has never been ruled by a communist government." In the Q&A session after his recent Taiwan lecture he elaborated on this thought.
"Historically, it would be correct to say that the Republic of China had their territory taken by the People's Republic of China . . . The Republic of China had their land taken. That is why the People's Republic shouldn't be demanding, 'give us back what is ours,' because it was never theirs."
In 1943, the leaders who made the triumvirate in the Cairo Declaration to decide post-war strategies were U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and none other than the President of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek.
In the Charter of the United Nations that the Allied powers enacted to serve as the Constitution of the UN, Article 23 states, "The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Members of the United Nations," and goes on to name "The Republic of China" first on the list. The country clearly has a historical significance.
In 1949 Mao Zedong, who defeated Chiang Kai-shek in the civil war and drove him out to Taiwan, founded the People's Republic of China. Then he invaded Tibet and the Uighur lands, watched as millions starved to death and poured huge sums of money into developing nuclear weapons, and sent large support, funds, and supplies to Africa.
This all came to fruition in 1971. The UN decided to give Beijing (The People's Republic) and not Taiwan (The Republic of China) the right to represent China. Beijing became a permanent member of the UN Security Council, and Taiwan left.
One-party dictatorships are willing to use any means in the name of expansionism. They go around like mafia using money, weapons, violence and fear to take control over their own people and other neighboring countries. The One Belt, One Road is the most recent incarnation.
The international community must not forgive their atrocities.
Main points in Master Okawa's lecture:
Taiwan doesn't need to seek independence: they already are.
China has never ruled over Taiwan.
Taiwan's territory is being targeted by China.
As a country known for Bushido, Japan should be ashamed of having cut ties with Taiwan.
There is a need to spread Taiwan's values of freedom, democracy and faith into China.
"Japan Will Not Abandon Taiwan"
China's pressures on Taiwan will continue to escalate until 2021. "But don't worry," said Master Okawa. "This time the people of Japan will not abandon Taiwan." He went on to explain how Japan was changing, and moving towards establishing a cooperative defense system with the U.S. in preparation for China's invasions in the Taiwan Strait, South and East China Sea areas.
"Japan is gathering power to deter China and prevent them from attacking U.S. aircraft carriers. In this sense you don't have to worry about military matters," he added.
China is trying to deploy nuclear powered submarines equipped with nuclear missiles to patrol the South China Sea and create a system where they can threaten to attack the U.S. at any time.
They have also developed the anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM), otherwise known as the "aircraft carrier killer". They are attempting to establish domination over Asia by keeping the U.S. at arms-length.
If China invades Taiwan they would gain control over the sea-lanes in the South China Sea, and therefore the power to block 80% of Japan's petroleum imports from arriving safely. If they gain this power, Japan would have no choice but to obey them.
Japan's next defense strategy should be: 1) Enact a new law to boost the right of collective defense to match the global standard; 2) Strengthen defense of the Nansei Islands while establishing a secure network with South East Asia and the U.S., and creating a routine of patrolling the oceans; 3) Stimulate the defense industry and proactively relocate defense equipment to various countries in the Pacific.
There is also a need to make major diplomatic adjustments: 1) Establish a Taiwan Relations Act similar to the U.S. and provide defense equipment while creating de facto diplomatic ties with Taiwan; 2) Acknowledge that Taiwan is a separate country from China, and aim for the normalization of diplomatic relations; 3) Endorse Taiwan's return to the UN Security Council.
Spreading Taiwan's Prosperity to the Mainland
The ultimate goal is the collapse of the dictatorial communist regime and the democratization of China. Master Okawa also had a message for the people in Mainland China:
My wish is to also consider the opinions of the people in Hong Kong, and to establish a political party in Mainland China based on the values upheld in Taiwan and Hong Kong. I want to make the People's Republic of China a two-party system, at least. I want China to change to a parliamentary system where parties can compete with political policies.
Wu Renhua, a consultant of The Democracy Party of China, which has been the target of China's oppression since the Tiananmen Square Incident, spoke to the Liberty Magazine.
"Our members in Mainland China have been arrested and tortured many times. There are members overseas – like myself – and I think there needs to be pressure from outside for China to successfully establish a two-party system," he said. "All of China's democracy activists feel the need for a political party that can oppose the Communist Party."
"The Chinese Communist Party likes to conquer other countries through power," says He Anquan of the Shanghai National Party, who recently defected to the U.S. "But we don't want power; we want freedom."
In his lecture, Master Okawa said, "Spreading Taiwan's prosperity and progress; this democratic, liberalistic and capitalistic thinking; and the awareness of the importance of faith into Mainland China is what will lead to the happiness of the Chinese people."
Japan must fulfill her role as Asia's superpower and protect Taiwan alongside the U.S. Japan has a mission to spread the values of freedom, democracy and faith throughout Mainland China.
Faith Connects The U.S. And Taiwan
China's Plan to Invade Taiwan By 2021
Category: philosophy, Politics, Religion, World
« AWARD-WINNING PUBLIC HOUSING PPP
The End of China's Reign »


text:
class Tween : public BitmapAnimation {
public:
	Tween(Display &display);

	void drawFrame(uint16_t frameIndex) override;
	virtual void nextFrame() { frameIndex = (frameIndex + 1); } // let it wrap!
private:
    static BitmapAnimation::Frames frames;
    std::vector<uint32_t> compositeFrame;
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
/****************************************************************************
 * netutils/netlib/netlib_setipv6type.c
 *
 *   Copyright (C) 2007-2009, 2011-2012 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
 *   Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be
 *    used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Included Files
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <tinyara/config.h>
#if defined(CONFIG_NET_IPv6) && CONFIG_NSOCKET_DESCRIPTORS > 0

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netutils/netlib.h>

/****************************************************************************
 * Public Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: netlib_set_ipv6type
 *
 * Description:
 *   Set the network driver IPv6 address type
 *
 * Parameters:
 *   ifname   The name of the interface to use
 *   type     The type of address
 *              0 : EUI64
 *              1 : Pseudo Random Function(RFC 7217)
 *              2 : Use Mac address
 *
 * Return:
 *   0 on success; -1 on failure
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int netlib_set_ipv6type(FAR const char *ifname, uint8_t type)
{
	int ret = ERROR;

	if (ifname) {
		/* Get a socket (only so that we get access to the INET subsystem) */

		int sockfd = socket(PF_INET6, NETLIB_SOCK_IOCTL, 0);
		if (sockfd >= 0) {
			struct lifreq req;
			memset(&req, 0, sizeof(struct lifreq));

			/* Put the driver name into the request */

			strncpy(req.lifr_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);

			/* Perform the ioctl to ipv6 ip type */

			req.lifr_addr_type = type;
			ret = ioctl(sockfd, SIOCSLIPTYPE, (unsigned long)&req);
			close(sockfd);
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

#endif


This Classic Face Clamp offers increased reach and clamping capacity.
Features a 3" reach and clamps materials up to 23/4" thick.
Classic Face Clamps are designed for creating perfectly flush Kreg Joints, and they work great for lots of other shop and project tasks that require solid clamping without marring. These clamps feature large clamp pads that distribute clamping force evenly, and hold pieces flush during assembly. When used in Kreg Joinery, the extra-large clamp face gets positioned on the "show" side of the joint.
Classic Face Clamps are available in two sizes: 2" reach and 3" reach. Both have a simple screw that adjusts the clamp to match material thickness, plus comfortable padded handles. Both are compatible with the Kreg Jig® R3's Clamp Pad Adapter.
Reviews for "Classic 3" Face Clamp"
I have 3 of these clamps and all in all they are pretty good . The only problem I have had with them is the screws that you use have come out all on there own . I could understand it happening to one but not all three . My guess is that many others are having the same problem at the new models I see do not have the adjusting screw with them . I refuse to buy another of these clamps as they are to expensive for this . I think it is time Kreg provided some replacements .


Are you allowed to thank for shla'ach manot?
What does the shlach monos have to contain?
Question: Is there any esur doing business on purim katan? Answer: No. We have eat a little more, don't say tachanun etc., but work is permitted.
Is it ok to give mishloach manos that are 2 types of food of the same bracha?
Matanos levyonim more than the purim meal?
Shalach Manos- two items of the same bracha or the same type.
Can a 13 year old be motzei a woman for havdalah or the megillah?