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For Breastfeeding Awareness Month: How Breast Milk Shapes the Gut…and Brain!
By: Kristine Gedroic, MD | August 21, 2019
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There is simply no better food for an infant than a mother's breast milk. The body is truly amazing; it creates and produces breast milk to support a growing and developing baby, and it's why breast milk has often been called nature's perfect first food. When you think about it, breast milk is an evolutionary guarantee that our offspring will survive—and thrive—long term, which is why the health benefits of breastfeeding are extensive.
Breastfeeding exclusively for at least one full year, which is the critical time frame when the cells of the body and brain are becoming established, has been shown to have significant benefits on a child's physical and mental health, advantages that carry well into adulthood. This is why one of the first questions that I ask a new patient is whether she or he was breastfed as an infant.
Numerous studies show that children who are breastfed exclusively are less prone—throughout their lives—to obesity, allergies, eczema, diabetes, asthma, respiratory illnesses, ear infections, and digestive problems, as well as being at less risk of developing autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Breastfeeding for at least one year has also been linked to better mental health, including less depression and stress-related and behavioral issues—through age fourteen, though I would argue that this benefit extends into adulthood.
The question is, why does breastmilk have such a powerful effect on health? Yes, breast milk has a rich balance of healthy nutrients for a rapidly developing infant including lactose or milk sugars, protein, and fat. But breast milk's effects on health has more to do with its impact on early formation of the gut, which has been found in recent years to benefit the body and brain long term.
The Gut: Where Health Begins
The gut is where our health begins, and it's immediately after birth that the gut begins to form into anenterotype—a scientific name for an ecosystem—which is conserved for the rest of our lives. In fact, this early shaping of the gut, which includes the formation of critical health-promoting bacterial species, can only happen in infancy and early childhood. Research has shown, that after the age of three—despite any attempts to change this—we simply cannot recreate these same bacterial colonies, which include a core of more than nine bacterial types including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Bifidobacterium.
We can change the numbers of bacteria in the gut through the use of probiotics, but we cannot affect these initial colonies of bacteria. This can only be established in infancy—which is why breast milk is absolutely critical for the lifetime health of the gut.
• A healthy gut stimulates a strong immune system. The right balance of bacteria in the gut stimulates the healthy development of our immune system. The bacterial colonies found in breast milk, along with something called oligosaccharides, or HMOs, that act as prebiotics to feed gut bacteria and antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, are the primary stimulus for the development of our immunity.
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, breast milk is also rich in antibodies like IgA, which help to prevent infections and other illnesses by blocking pathogens from attaching to the gut. This explains why breastfed infants are less likely to develop health problems like ear and respiratory infections as infants and later on as adolescents and adults.
• A healthy gut is key to balanced brain health. As the gut develops, so too does the brain. Breast milk is a rich source of essential fatty acids, which are critical for healthy neurological development, and hormones like leptin that seem to have a stress-reducing effect on an infant's behavior, according to one study in The Journal of Pediatrics.
We also know that the gut communicates with every part of the body, including the nervous system and the brain through something called the gut-brain axis. This means that when the gut is balanced, it sends signals up to the brain allowing for optimal neural development and circuitry. This can result in a calmer overall mood, as well as better regulate her/his neurological behavior.
What to Do If You Can't Breastfeed?
I understand that sometimes breastfeeding isn't possible. While the benefits of breastfeeding can't be completely transferred to formula feeding, it is possible to mitigate some of the effects of not breastfeeding by doing these things:
Do what and when you can. Any breast milk is better than none, so even low milk producers are doing their babies a ton of good by offering some breast milk along with formula. If you can't physically breastfeed, the latest pumps are discrete and efficient, so it's easier than ever to incorporate pumping breastmilk into a busy schedule. I recommend doing what you can for as long as your milk supply lasts; if possible, for at least a year.
Choose an organic formula with prebiotics, probiotics, and essential fatty acids. While formulas can't match breast milk's composition, the newest formulas do contain some essential components that can help feed a baby's gut.
Bottom line: Breast milk is absolutely the best form of food for your baby, but your infant can still have a healthier gut even if you have to supplement or feed your baby formula.
Kristine Gedroic, MD, is author of A Nation of Unwell and Medical Director of the Gedroic Medical Institute in Morristown, NJ. She is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Medicine at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School.
Babies for Bucks: Trump and the Value of Children
By: Kimberly Seals Allers | July 10, 2018
Leveraging the emotional power of children while doing nothing to improve the actual lives of children is, quite frankly, diabolical.
Work of Breastfeeding Moms Unwaged, Unvalued
By: Phoebe Jones Schellenberg and Selma James | April 15, 2012
Selma James' "Sex, Class and Race: The Perspective of Winning," is a collection of her writings from 1952-2011. In this excerpt from "The Milk of Human Kindness," James and a co-author assert women are the greatest producers of food worldwide.
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New York's Paid Family Leave Policy Faces Uncertain Stardom
It is being hailed as the most progressive state policy so far, going further than New Jersey, California and Rhode Island in various respects. But its showcase potential won't be tested until the program gets going in 2018.
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Professor Brian Norton, President of Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT) has been enrolled as a Member of the Royal Irish Academy (RIA).
Professor Norton was among 22 newly elected members admitted today during the annual Admittance Day ceremony for new members, conducted by RIA President, Professor Mary E. Daly.
Election to the RIA, which has occurred annually since 1785, is the highest academic honour in Ireland. There are now 497 members of the Academy, in disciplines from the sciences, humanities and social sciences.
Tom Arnold (IIEA); Catherine Day (UCC governing body); Paul. Devereaux (UCD); Michael Marsh (TCD); William J. Mc Cormack; Diane Negra (UCD); Máirín Nic Eoin (St Patrick's College, Drumcondra/DCU); Geoffrey Roberts (UCC); Stefano Sanvito (TCD).
Frédéric Dias (UCD); Justin D. Holmes (UCC); Walter Kolch (UCD); Andrew Mills (QUB); Brian Norton (DIT); Emma Teeling (UCD).


I am trying to get a shirt to go onto my character using motion designer. I set all of the paramaters for a test and then hit start. But when I do, it says "can't scan objects." Why would this be?
For some reason, Motion Designer is coupled to the bounding box threshold in the display options. Try increasing the threshold.


As the victim of a crime you have rights under the Michigan Crime Victim's Rights Act. If we can be of assistance in explaining the court system, notifying you of court dates, make counseling referrals, or help suggest other services that you may find beneficial you must complete a Legal Rights Request form. On the form you will be able to select which services you would like us to provide. Changes in contact information must be communicated to the Victim's Unit to allow proper notification, you may email Victim's Rights Unit, or call at (810) 985-2301, our office with any updates.
Please fill out the form in the link below if you are a victim of an adult.
Please fill out the form in the link below if you are a victim, or the parent/guardian of the victim, of a juvenile.
If you need any assistance or have any questions please feel free to contact the Victim's Rights Unit at (810) 985-2301 or you may email Victim's Rights Unit.
If you are the victim of a Domestic Violence please also look over this form and submit it.


Ambition of the Slimes is developed by altairworks and published by Flyhigh Works","CIRCLE Entertainment. It was released in 15 Feb, 2018.
A new type of tactical RPG title that flips the script! Slimes, the weakest of RPG enemies, have the ability to take over enemy units and fight!
This is a strategic turn-based RPG, but it is Slimes that you control. Slimes can take over an enemy and control them in battle.
For example, a Slime can utilise archers, or use magic if they take over a magician. They can even bewilder an enemy with a bribe if they take over a merchant.
Some of them can improve the abilities of the possessed enemy.
Each stage poses key strategic questions. Which Slime will you use on each enemy? How will you take them over?
For example the element of a Slime is very important for a capture. This is a tough game, too, so you cannot win by charging in recklessly – tactics are vital.
The appearance of this game may be lighthearted, but a big challenge awaits!


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Law School (6) Clemons (1)
DVD (6) Video (6) Blu-Ray (1)
Crime/Mystery (6) Drama (6) Action/Adventure (2)
Criminals (6) Drama (6) Video Recordings for the Hearing Impaired (5)
Fargo (TV Series) (1)
English (6) English (dubbed in) (6) Spanish (also in) (6)
Luverne (Minn.) (2) Minnesota (2) New York (N.Y.) (2)
Law Schoolx Subject
Criminalsx
Years before he met Luke and Leia, before he helped overthrow the Emperor, Han Solo started where all heroes start: at the bottom. Join your most favorite scoundrel in the galaxy on an adventure you'll never forget! Throughout his death-defying adventures among the criminal scum of the Star Wars Universe, Han will meet the one who will become his closest ally, Chewbacca! Watch as Han matches wits with the infamous gambler Lando! Follow Han on the journey that will put him on course to his destiny.
Available Law (Klaus Reading Room) Map
KLAUS DVD #2286
Debbie Ocean, the estranged sister of infamous criminal mastermind Danny Ocean, seeks to carry on the family business by plotting an enormous heist on New York's annual Met Gala. After being released from prison, Debbie recruits her best friend Lou to set out and assemble a team of larcenists. This hodgepodge, seven-member team includes everyone from a street pick-pocket, a computer hacker, and a jewelry expert. The women band together to infiltrate the Met Gala and steal a $150 million necklace worn by celebrity Daphne Kluger.
DVDBlu-Ray
Fargo: Year 3
Okey-dokey, watcha got here is the darkly humorous and utterly riveting third season. Ewan McGregor gives one heckuva performance in dual roles as the ₁Parking Lot King of Minnesota,₂ Emmit Stussy, and his younger brother, Ray, a potbellied parole officer with a big chip on his shoulder. The only bright spot in Ray₂s life is Nikki, a not-so-good woman with brains, beauty and a passion for competitive bridge.
U.S. intelligence officer Amanda Waller has determined that only a secret group of despicable individuals with nothing to lose can avert a potential apocalypse. So, she has assembled the world's most dangerous super villains, given them a powerful arsenal of weapons, and sent them off on a suicide mission.
Fargo: Year Two
The second chapter is set in 1979 in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and Luverne, Minnesota, where young State Police Officer Lou Solverson, recently back from Vietnam, will tackle an all-new 'true crime' case.
An ordinary couple is in the right place, on the wrong night. Phil and Claire Foster are a sensible, suburban husband and wife slogging through their daily lives and marriage. But a case of mistaken identity sets off an outrageous chain of events involving small-time thieves, big-city mobsters, corrupt cops and a crazed cabbie, as the Fosters' 'date night' turns into a wild ride they'll never forget!
?f[library_facet][]=Law School&f[subject_facet][]=Criminals&sort_key=received

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


You saw a cute poodle puppy and want to fast forward to puppy adopt mode.
Owning a puppy, and taking care of a puppy, is a huge responsibility, and future poodle owners need to be sure they are ready, financially, physically and emotionally for a new addition to the family.
There is lots of information you need to know before you sign the papers to adopt that cutie.
Your pet will be a member of the family for 12 to 18 years and will need daily care.
You'll need to decide if a poodle is the right dog for you.
Will he fit your lifestyle, your personality and your family's lifestyle?
Or maybe an older adult poodle would fit in better as there's usually less training needed. A local animal shelter or rescue organization can help you find a grown dog.
Grown poodles usually don't need as much training as a puppy would. Adult dogs are good for people with little time or patience for house training.
Do you want a male or female dog? If you have a preference, fine, but breeders recommend you choose a poodle based on its personality, your living situation and your lifestyle.
And never go out and buy Christmas puppies without a family meeting to see if everyone is committed to caring for a puppy.
There's also basic puppy supplies you'll need for your home when you puppy adopt to make your puppy as comfortable and healthy as possible. Your pup's arrival home is an exciting time for everyone!
You'll want to make sure his indoor environment is safe from anything that could hurt him.
The outdoor area should be free from any dangerous chemicals or gaps in fences.
Decide on what type of bed you want for him and where it will be located. Puppy's first night in your home will be a little scary for him.
The first few months you have with your puppy are a learning experience for both poodle and owner.
Your pup needs lots of love and attention to ease her through the first few lonely days and nights away from her mother and littermates. This is the time to ease his fear of noises.
Socializing your poodle is important, and you'll learn how to introduce her gradually to other pets and children in the family. Learn what to expect before she walks through your door.
Shower lots of love and attention on your pup her first few days in a new home. She'll miss her mother and her littermates and will look to your family to fill those roles.
A poodle puppy will soon be an important member of the family.
She'll love, honor and protect her pack and will be a fun loving, intelligent and happy new family member.


Floor Mats Light Blue Oe Style W/ Correct 5 Star Avg.
looks just like the originals.
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Submited on March 24, 2019 by Sanders C.
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Australian Open Fourth Round Odds, Best Bets & Picks: Favorites to Cruise on Saturday
Robert Prange/Getty. Pictured: Jessica Pegula.
Looking for Sunday match picks? Click here!
The second week of the Australian Open is here! The deluge of matches that can be overwhelming at times in the opening week of Slams has passed us by, and we're down to the final 16 men and 16 women at the Australian Open.
With four matches on the women's side taking place on Saturday night, I've got my eye on a pair of them.
Match times are subject to change. Read here for advice on viewing Australian Open matches.
Australian Open Odds, Best Bets & Picks
Victoria Azarenka (-715) vs. Lin Zhu (+500)
5 a.m. ET
What a second and third set recovery from the two-time Australian Open winner Victoria Azarenka.
Not only did she recover from a poor 1-6 start, but she did so against Madison Keys – a player that outside of the now-retired Ashleigh Barty is the most in-form woman of the last few years in Australian summer play.
Her reward? Being a massive favorite against Lin Zhu in the fourth round with a spot in the final eight up for grabs.
The 28-year old from China is in uncharted territory making the second-week of a Slam, and it was evident how much that third-round win meant to her as she broke down in tears during the on-court interview post-match.
Her problem now? Azarenka is in the best form we've seen in years.
Her patented power on the serve and forehand never deserted her, but on the wrong side of 30-years old, it looked like she was becoming more and more one-dimensional as the years went by,
This year, she's been moving much more efficiently than she has in some time, and has been incredibly impressive results-wise, especially considering how tough her schedule has been.
We've seen strong returning, the usual power and plenty of lopsided sets from the 33-year old.
We know she loves the conditions down under, and I'm not sure what Zhu does that will trouble her.
Her serve isn't elite, the forehand is a massive liability and the backhand is decent, but far from a weapon.
I'll back Vika on the under here, considering I have the proper number being a juiced 18.5.
Pick: Under 19.5 (-120 via DraftKings)
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Jessica Pegula (-200) vs. Barbora Krejcikova (+160)
Well, the undervaluation of Jessica Pegula on hard courts continues, as she's once again priced up at least a half game – and probably closer to a full game – shorter than she should be on the spread.
When her offensive game is playing up on quick courts and her elite consistency, counterpunching and court coverage are able to set her apart defensively, she's one of the toughest players to beat on the women's tour.
I'm a big fan of Barbora Krejcikova (and a ticket holder from before the draw came out of a Krejcikova future), but this is a brutal matchup for the woman from the Czech Republic.
She's added some aggression and pace to her game, but not the elite power that can hit through or rush Pegula.
Krejcikova is consistent in her own right, but her point construction and consistency don't provide her with as much of an advantage as they normally would, thanks to Pegula's court coverage.
Statistically, as impressive as Krejcikova has been to start the year, Pegula blows her out of the water. Whether it be hold percentage, break percentage, first serve points won, second serve points won or even return points won, they all favor Pegula by a wide margin.
The American has also played tougher competition in amassing that edge.
I just can't see a way this spread should be lower than four. From the matchup, to form to the quantitative side of things, Pegula deserves more respect.
I'm happy to back her rather cheaply in this spot.
Pick: Pegula -3.5 games (-105 via PointsBet)
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Q: Why these statements give lexical error (not syntax error)? In my Compiler Design course, my professor told that these statements should generate error when analyzed by Lexical Analyzer.
Not writing operator after cout:
cout "Hello";

Not writing any status-code after 'return' in int main():
int main(){
...
return ;
}

And some more examples like this.
According to me this is not the duty of lexical analyzer. It simply finds the tokens in code, and generate an error only if there is an invalid token. As in the examples above all the tokens are valid, Lexical Analyzer should not give any error. (Instead Syntax Analyzer will)
Is my thinking correct or am I missing something?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Why can't I specify a `name` attribute in an ASP.NET MVC form using Html.Helpers? I am playing around with the ASP.NET MVC Html.Helpers and I noticed that say for instance:
Html.Textbox("test");

will render the name attribute to "name=test" and the id tag will be "id=test"
But when I do this:
<%= Html.TextBox("go", null, new { @name = "test2", @id = "test2", @class = "test2" })%>

id will be "id=test2" but  name will be "name=go"
Why does it not get overridden?
I also don't really still understand what the name tag actually does. I don't think I ever even used.
P.S
I am aware that "name" and "id" probably don't need to be escaped only "class" does since it is a keyword but I just do it for all of them just so I don't forget to do it or have to even remember if something is a keyword or not.

A: The name attribute is used when accessing that form element's value on the server side. Like so :
string val = Request.Name["go"];

As for specifying the name attribute, well that's what the first parameter of the Html.TextBox method is there for.

A: Not sure it will help the asker but you need to use the correct casing.  To set "name" attribute use:
<%= Html.TextBox("go", null, new { Name = "test2", @id = "test2", @class = "test2" })%>

A: ID is unique identifier in DOM tree, name is identifier within form, and it doesn't need to be unique, name is used after submitting the form.

A: Because it is a "Helper" helping you not to type the name in the 90% of the cases when you create a textbox.
You are free to not use them and just type:
<input type="textbox"
       name="theNameIReallyWant"
       value="<%= model.theNameOfThePropertyInTheModel %>">

or better yet, create your own TextBoxWithCustomName helper


Description: Using botanical extract of Aloevera we have formulated the SSCPL HERBALS Aloevera Gel to keep your skin hydrated and healthy. This skin friendly, nontoxic and effective skin moisturizer nourishes your skin to a hydrated glow.
Before beginning or after a tiring day Under the sun, dirt and pollutants, you can rely on SSCPL HERBALS Aloevera Gel for skin hydration and nourishment along with the goodness of aloevera.


Most components of Zend Framework can be used without using the entire framework and Zend_Form is no exception. It's a versatile component that can be customized to great extent. The payoff is that seemingly easy tasks can seem quite complex to complete and involve concepts like Decorators and View Helpers. Complexity is increased by the fact that most tasks can be achieved in multiple ways.
The Form used in this tutorial can be viewed here. The code can be browsed or downloaded on GitHub.
Both the form and it's elements depend on Decorators to generate HTML. Decorators form a 'chain' where each decorator adds HTML to the result of the previous decorators.
In this example the doctype is specified in the view. This controls if input elements are rendered with XHTML self-closing tags.
In this tutorial I create a form for an admin interface where basic user-details can be edited. Let's assume an ACL implementation dictates that some people can actually edit the details while others are only allowed to view them. I've decided to keep the form definition (the 'model' side of a form) to a bare minimum and let different renderers (the 'view' side) control the output.
But before moving onto the renderers, let's look into the aforementioned My_Email_Validator class.
I'll briefly run through those steps. Complete code for My_Form_Renderer_Edit can be seen on Github.
As long as the submit value doesn't play a role in the processing of entered data I consider this part of the view layer. For example, interaction design might dictate that on long forms submit buttons are placed both above and below the form.
Here I add additional decorators. First I setup the element's label and description properties by using the language pack, then I add the appropriate decorators. Furthermore I add some additional classnames to elements. If the element has an error I not only want to display the errors (using a custom decorator, more on that later). I also want to give the HTML element wrapped around all of the parts an 'error' classname.
Errormessages are fetched by an element's getMessages() method that returns an associative array. The error-codes (keys) can be used to translate the message. As can be seen I treat elements representing an array differently when fetching the 'isEmpty' error message.
Why using a custom errors decorator and not setting the messages on the element?
The form doesn't have a Form decorator and thereby no form tag. (I'll keep calling the no-form a form though ;)).
As the only element decorator doesn't use Zend_View, the form has no need for a View element.
Above examples give an impression of how Zend_Form can be suited to virtually anyone's needs. One can argue that separating the rendering from the basic definition adds unnecessary complexity. It does however pull HTML specifics (which during a project life-cycle often are subject to change) out of the 'model' layer. Both the stripped down forms and renderers are easy to reuse: The renderer can be applied to a number of forms and the forms themselves can be used in projects requiring different HTML.
Even without considering the rendering part, Zend_Form is a valuable platform offering a lot of ways to customize it. As the view renderer example shows it can also operate without Zend_View, provided one doesn't use any of the built in decorators. Being able to provide self-built elements, validators and decorators makes it possible to use Zend_Form in virtually any project.


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Q: GAE: Only one channel to a page? How is this enforced? This may be a naive question but I was planning to create a new channel just before the existing channel timed out to make sure that my client was never without a channel. I thought I was being pretty clever until I read this caveat in the google channel api docs:

One Client Per Channel Per Page
A client can only connect to one channel per page. If an application needs to send multiple types of data to a client, aggregate it on the server side and send it to appropriate handlers in the client's socket.onmessage callback.

I'm new to this, but it's not obvious to me how the channel unique identifies the page to which it is connected. Is there something in the javascript for channel.open() call that identifies the page it is being called in?
Thanks.

A: The channel javascript creates a hidden iframe with a given id (on production).  The communications takes place within the iframe.  The javascript code will always access that iframe (and hence channel).
When you close the socket and channel, the hidden iframe will be destroyed.  Afterwards you can create a new channe for the page.


Fujifilm X100F 24.3 MP APS-C Digital Camera (International Version) (Silver) – It works great and Amazons price on it is a little cheaper then my local store.
This Fujifilm that is ranked in the list of the top-selling products from Amazon. The Fujifilm X100F 24.3 MP APS-C Digital Camera (International Version) (Silver) are warranted according to the standard of the manufacturer. Product here are very good, at reasonable prices and are rapidly transported: Usually ships in 1-2 business days.
When you find a recommended product for dslr cameras reviews, this Fujifilm X100F 24.3 MP APS-C Digital Camera (International Version) (Silver) is the best cheapest price this week. Many good reviews already proving the quality of this product. The product are in special edition of the company in order to increase their customers. The most sold product is not expensive and it is highly desirable, and if you want buy it now, you should not miss this opportunity because this product is the price length applications.
Featuring an evolution in its core feature-set, the Fujifilm X100F Digital Camera incorporates a series of advanced imaging capabilities while still retaining its trademark design and intuitive handling assets. Most notably, the X100F features a 24.3MP APS-C X-Trans CMOS III sensor and X-Processor Pro image processor to realize rich, high-resolution stills and fluent performance with expandable sensitivity to ISO 51200. A built-in Fujinon 23mm f/2 lens provides a general wide-angle 35mm equivale… You want to know more about this product?
I have found most affordable price of Fujifilm X100F 24.3 MP APS-C Digital Camera (International Version) (Silver) from Amazon store. It offers fast and free shipping. Best dslr cameras for sale will be limited stock of certain product and discount only for limited time, so do order now to get the best deals. Before you buy, check to see if a product is available online at store, read and compare experiences customers have had with dslr cameras below.
All the latest best dslr cameras reviews consumer reports are written by real customers on websites. You should read more consumer reviews and answered questions about Fujifilm X100F 24.3 MP APS-C Digital Camera (International Version) (Silver) below.


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Gare de La Courneuve - Aubervilliers vasútállomás és RER állomás Franciaországban, La Courneuve településen. A tervek között szerepel a párizsi metró 12-es vonalának az állomásig történő meghosszabbítása.

Vasútvonalak
Az állomást az alábbi vasútvonalak érintik:

Kapcsolódó állomások
A vasútállomáshoz az alábbi állomások vannak a legközelebb:

Lásd még
 Franciaország vasútállomásainak listája
 A RER állomásainak listája

További információk

Források

RER vasútállomások
Bottal létrehozott francia vasútállomás cikkek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Stennis Space Center to house supercomputers
A private manufacturer will be sending to two supercomputers to the John C. Stennis Space Center in Hancock County as part of a deal signed with the Department of Defense, according to a report at GeekWire.com.
Seattle-based Cray Inc. announced on Monday a $30 million deal it has made with the Department of Defense High Performance Computer Modernization Program. Two Cray XC40 supercomputers and two Cray Sonexion storage systems will live at the U.S. Navy Resource Center at the Stennis Space Center. The computers will be used to study wave-model oceanography.
"We have now purchased over $150 million of supercomputers within the 2014 calendar year," said Christine Cuicchi, Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Associate Director for HPC Centers in the GeekWire.com report. "The XC40s provide a 2.5x increase in the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center's capability. These supercomputers are vital to groundbreaking science and research discoveries in support of the U.S. Department of Defense."
Shares of Cray are up more than 23 percent, with other recent deals including an $80 million award from Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and a $128 million deal with the U.K. weather agency.


Implementing Kaizen 5S / 6S methodologies, using English and Te Reo Māori translations, is a great way to reduce waste and create efficiency at New Zealand businesses: "Big improvements can come from small changes which accumulate over time" .
We've translated the 5S/6S methodology terms into Te Reo Māori and this workplace poster can be used to promote continuous improvement: Whakawhanake.
The te reo translations of the steps used in this workplace organisation method more closely align to the original Japanese actions of seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke rather than their English words. The addition of 'safety' as a component step is also included within the translation making this six actions.
You can download the material below in PDF format and it is released under a creative commons licence.
Whakarima Hear Example 5S A word construct to indicate "5 Whakas". The process which excludes the Whakaruruhau/safety component.
Whakaono Hear Example 6S A word construct to indicate "6 Whakas" including the Whakaruruhau/safety component.
For further details regarding the terms used and the reasons for their selection, rather than other words, is available here.
If you wish to purchase the original files and work for commercial purposes or to remove the credits, please contact us.
Whakawhanake by David Nolan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://www.accuratelimited.co.nz/contact/.


Do-it-yourself has become a way of life for many people who want to spend less money. But completing your own AC installation is not one of those things you can ever do just alone. Actually, the industry is heavily regulated and demands proper licensing and broad training on both installation procedures and refrigerant management. That's why the experts at Central Heating & Plumbing have such a highly regarded reputation when it comes to installing new air conditioners. Here are some reasons why you should have your AC professionally installed.
Experience: A pro knows the ins and outs of the whole picture involved with an AC installation. That's why you don't find your neighbors outside on the weekend attempting to replace their own systems. Technicians go through difficult tests and preparation to learn the information needed to correctly maintain, service, install and troubleshoot HVAC equipment, it's not something you can fully understand over a few YouTube sessions. Not to mention that you could come out doing more damage, costing you even more than if you had called Central Heating & Plumbing.
Safety: Your expert will know how to install your AC accurately and safely. There are industry rules and licenses needed in order to safely work with heating and cooling equipment, indicating that you're putting yourself at risk if you do it yourself.
Tools: Installing HVAC equipment uses many specialized tools, not to mention the skill to recognize how to utilize these tools. Trust us, it's much easier to call in an expert and relax on the couch and let them handle it.
Knowledge: A technician is going to fully comprehend all the conditions for AC installation, including permits and inspections required, and be in-the-know on all the codes that need to be observed in New Castle.
If it's time for a new air conditioner, call the professionals at Central Heating & Plumbing. We'll complete your AC installation fast and carefully, with very brief interruption to your comfort.


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Acryptolaria elegans est une espèce de cnidaires de la famille des Lafoeidae et de l'ordre des Leptothecata. On la trouve dans le Golfe du Mexique.

Références

Liens externes

Leptothecata


Apple's new Lightning connector has spawned great ire. Though its tiny port allows Apple to make much smaller and thinner devices, the company is using it to milk larger and thicker profits. If you bought an iPhone 5 or iPod touch 5G and want to use them with your old accessories, you'll have to pony up for a US$30 adapter. Adding fuel to that fire, Apple included an authentication chip in the Lightning cables, in an attempt to stamp out cheap third-party cables and accessories.
Apple customers may now have one less thing to worry about, as the Lightning authentication has reportedly been cracked. The Chinese makers of an iPhone 5 flashing dock told MacRumors that cracked authentication chips worked just as well in their device as OEM chips obtained from Apple's suppliers. Now BGR has uncovered further evidence of what it believes are the cracked chips.
If these reports hold weight, then, before long, we may see cheap Lightning adapters, cables, and accessories. This will delight the owners of Lightning-enabled iOS devices, but it isn't likely to make Apple – or manufacturing members of its MFi program – happy. As Apple's bankroll is doing okay these days (more than $117 billion in cash), it's hard to see the company getting much sympathy from customers.
It will probably take some time for these accessories to hit the market, so we wouldn't recommend buying any supposed third-party Lightning cables just yet. When the cracked products do become available, it would be wise to thoroughly check reviews and feedback to make sure you're getting the real deal.
It's natural for Apple to want to maximize profits, but does the prospect of cheap accessories make you more comfortable buying Lightning-enabled devices like the iPhone 5, iPod touch 5G, and iPad Mini? Let us know in the comments.


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Live Photos: Beck, Phantogram, Green Day and Weezer at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas Day 2
By Amy Harris | December 13, 2016 | 2:00pm
Music Galleries KROQ
With its second and final evening, KROQ's Almost Acoustic Christmas offered a microcosm of the best alt-rock touring shows of 2016. If day one leaned a hair into bands that at one time defined emo with Jimmy Eat World, AFI and Blink 182, last Sunday embraced full mainstream stadium bombast. Phantogram brought the electro-serrated blues of latest album Three, Green Day leaned into the big power chord anthems of Revolution Radio and Beck swept through his entire discography of freaky folk singalongs. Andrew McMahon, Bishop Briggs, Bastille and The Head and The Heart rounded out the sold-out show at The Forum. And a KROQ show without Weezer almost feels like heresy. Check out Amy Harris' pictures from the night in the gallery above.
1 of 36 Andrew McMahon at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, The Forum, Inglewood, CA, 11/12/2016.
3 of 36 Bastille at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, The Forum, Inglewood, CA, 11/12/2016.
5 of 36 Beck at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, The Forum, Inglewood, CA, 11/12/2016.
10 of 36 Beck at KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, The Forum, Inglewood, CA, 11/12/2016.


One of my favourite things about this trip? The pace: taking things slow but riding fast. This has got to be the perfect way to live.
We would wake up at about 8am and have a leisurely breakfast before starting to pack up our things for loading onto the packhorses and putting our saddlebags on our horses (tip for future campers: make sure your nails are short! I did so much damage to my nails trying to stuff my sleeping bag and blanket into the dry bag provided).
The first few days I hurried to pack up as quickly as possible so that we could get an early start, but I soon realised that that there was so much other stuff for the Stone Horse guys to pack up and load that there was plenty of time for us to pack our stuff – no point rushing. It was such a luxury not to be in a hurry.
Of course, we trotted a fair bit so we did cover quite a lot of ground anyway.
Big grin on my face – this is literally how I felt the entire time.
Running behind the chestnut packhorse called Ulaanbaatar (or UB for short, just like the city) – but I always thought of him as "Big Red" for some reason.
From the second morning onwards I switched horses to Brownie – the nippy brown horse – as one of the packhorses' withers was a bit swollen so they decided to use Ben as a packhorse instead. Brownie apparently is strictly a riding horse, but most of the other horses can do both. Brownie was a joy to ride, though he didn't seem quite so keen on cantering as Ben. He had the most amazing smooth-as-water trot though! Relatively speaking, of course – the canter is always going to be smoother than the trot.
I had to keep a close eye on him though as he sometimes tried to nip other horses who got within reach (maintaining the herd hierarchy etc.). Keith and Sabine were fairly sanguine about it and I don't think it was anything malicious or serious (they do live as a herd, after all), but that didn't stop me from feeling bad when Brownie caused someone else's unfortunate horse to jerk sideways.
Unfortunately for Brownie (but fortunately for me) he liked to stay close behind the leaders of the herd, who were bigger and had longer legs than he did, so when they were going at a fast trot he had no choice but to start cantering in order to keep up. I managed to do a fair bit of cantering that way! I did feel sorry for him though – short legs is a problem to which I can relate.
I was incredibly impressed at how good these horses were at navigating the river crossings. Not only did they have to contend with currents that were at times very strong and water that was very cold, they had to navigate the stones on the riverbed – I waded in a stream with flip-flops on and those stones were both painful and slippery!
On top of all that they were able to cross in water that went all the way up to their chest, as you can see in the picture above. Trucks and other vehicles wouldn't have been able to cross – in fact, we encountered some people that very day who had attempted to cross in a truck and gotten stuck. Horses 1, vehicles 0.
It rained again so there were a couple of stops to put on and take off our rain gear. Waterproof clothes are essential on this trip! I bought a cheap pair of waterproof over-trousers and a rain jacket from Decathlon and it worked just fine, but on top of that Keith also gave us each a duster which helped to keep our saddlebags dry as well.
On one of our breaks we stopped near this patch of fireweed – so called because they are the first plants to spring up after a forest fire. They sure are photogenic for a so-called "weed" though!
In the pictures above, you can see the horses engaging in their favourite activity: eating. Every single time we stopped for a break the horses would immediately fall to munching away at the grass. Keith and Sabine said the horses love going on these trips because they get to eat fresh grass! Such good lives these horses have.
They don't eat just grass though – they also eat various flowers and other plants along the way. Brownie was especially fond of wild onion, and would veer out of the path specifically to grab one of those distinctive purple flowers, and happily chew on it as he moved along. After a while I started being able to guess whether a purple flower was a wild onion flower or not, based on whether he stopped to grab it!
I saw some rabbit holes and a kite (the bird, not the other kind of kite).
Ian saw a rabbit too.
We also saw a herd of about 5 horses running free – they turned and looked at us for a minute and then cantered off. I wondered if they were wild horses, but apparently they're not (you can tell from the brands on their hindquarters). The herders just let their horses run free most of the time until they need them, at which point they'll come looking for their horses. We actually did meet some herders on a motorbike looking for their horses a few times! We were assured that they would eventually find their horses, and I hope they did.
It's great that the horses can run free and eat all the grass they want – that's got to be a much better life than being fenced in all the time. On the downside, there's the danger from predators – there are wolves in the park but they wouldn't go after an entire herd of horses, only those who fall behind and can be cornered away from their herd. Sabine said they've lost a couple of horses that way.
Once we reached the camp for that night, the horses were all unsaddled and then the "hobble" (a piece of rope connecting their front legs and one hind leg) was put on them so that they could roam freely (but not too far away). They can still move pretty fast even with the hobbles on though! In the picture above you can see them all moving away from the campsite and eating as they go. They are brought back before dark though for safety reasons, and they do seem to appreciate that humans provide security.
One evening (and I am so bummed that we missed this!) a moose passed by the campsite and the horses completely freaked out, seeing as the moose was about twice their size and all. I would have loved to see the moose.
Inside the "ger" (actually a big tent shaped like a ger), for eating and hanging out when it was raining. We mostly had the table and chairs outside though when the weather was good, because (a) there would be a ton of flies trapped inside the ger and seemingly unable to find their way back out and (b) it was less stuffy outside.


The RL-72© comes with a high quality Black leather strap with red stitching.
The RL-72© One-hand has been designed for the weekend racer in us all while at the same time being enjoyed as a daily wearer. Ready for any occasion our RL-72© is based on the evocative, multiple race winning, aircooled car of the Seventies. This nostalgic period in time has been reignited in our classic design.
The watch face is broken into large hour, medium 15-minute and small 5-minute intervals. The singular hand of the watch is used to tell the hour and approximate minute. For example, all of the shown models are set to 5.30.


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For those of you who take the time and I highly recommend that you do, to learn survival backstroke a question that often comes up is "how do you keep your bearings?" You are going backwards and looking up toward the sky. It's no good preserving energy and heat if you do nothing but go around in circles when you have a different objective in mind.
The short answer is that you look. I don't wish to make this kind like a "duh" statement because just looking is not necessarily as simple as it sounds when you are is a life saving situation.
When I teach my students basic rescue skills one of the things that I emphasize over and over again is that you have to tell the person you are helping exactly what to do. I mean step by step.
Because when panic sets in people who may normally be brilliant become stupid.
That is not to say they are stupid and you would Never accuse them of such but in a state of panic the simplest and most obvious things such as grabbing the flotations device that is immediately in front of you becomes incomprehensible.
Of course a survival situation is a bit different in that your objective may not be to get anywhere in particular because you may be out of sight of land. This will make your objective to keep as warm as possible and as visible as possible till rescue arrives. Being visible could mean staying close to large floating objects and this may mean that survival back stroke is not much use to you.
But should you be injured and needing to get somewhere or even needing to get somewhere but near exhaustion has set in, then survival backstroke comes into it's own. Trust me, even the best of us will have trouble with 3 miles or even 3 kilometers, if we are suffering from stress or the fatigue of an emergency situation. And Loosing your bearings is so much more easy when you are tired or injured or fatigued or panicked.


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Google allows outside app developers to read people's Gmails
The Wall Street Journal reported Monday that hundreds of outside software developers were scanning the inboxes of millions of Gmail users. Google "does little to police those developers," the paper reported.
It's not news that Google and many top email providers enable outside developers to access users' inboxes. In most cases, the people who signed up for the price-comparison deals or other programs agreed to provide access to their inboxes as part of the opt-in process. In Google's case, outside developers must pass a vetting process, and as part of that, Google ensures they have an acceptable privacy agreement, The Journal reported, citing a Google representative.
What is unclear is how closely these outside developers adhere to their agreements and whether Google does anything to ensure they do, as well as whether Gmail users are fully aware that individual employees may be reading their emails, as opposed to an automated system, the report says.
It's interesting to note that, judging from The Journal's story, very little indicates that Google is doing anything different from Microsoft or other top email providers. According to the newspaper, nothing in Microsoft or Yahoo's policy agreements explicitly allows people to read others' emails.


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Jérôme Napoleon Karel Bonaparte (Triëst, 24 augustus 1814 - Florence, 12 mei 1847), prince français, 2e vorst van Montfort, was de oudste zoon van Jérôme Bonaparte, de jongste broer van Napoleon Bonaparte, uit diens tweede huwelijk met Catharina van Württemberg, de dochter van koning Frederik I van Württemberg. Hij werd geboren in Triëst, in de Villa Necker.

Jérôme van Montfort, niet te verwarren met zijn oudere halfbroer Jérôme Napoleon Bonaparte-Patterson, wijdde zich aan een militaire carrière en werd kolonel in Württembergse dienst. Hij stierf in 1847 op 33-jarige leeftijd, ongehuwd en zonder nakomelingen.

Huis Bonaparte


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HomeProudhon LibraryManifesto of the Sixty Workers of the Seine (1864)
Manifesto of the Sixty Workers of the Seine (1864)
December 17, 2013 Shawn P. Wilbur Proudhon Library, Working Translations
I was looking at how much of Proudhon's Political Capacity of the Working Classes I had translated at various times into English, with some thought about taking it up as the next logical bit of his work to tackle, when The Theory of Property finally gets finished, here in the next month or two. It's a work that I started reading through enough years ago that my French was at that time very, very rusty. So I had to search around on some old thumb drives to find some of my earliest work on it, and in the process found that I had taken the time, not knowing the history surrounding the work very well, to translate, in very rough form, the "Manifesto of the Sixty Workers of the Seine," signed by Henri Tolain and a group of other workingmen. It's been long enough ago that I"m not sure how much of what I found was the result of my most clueless initial gropings back towards a reading knowledge of French, and how much was the result of early online translation. There was at least on telltale translation of "essence" as "gasoline," so some of it was clearly the latter. But I decided to wade right in and see if I couldn't turn it into something useable. Here, as part of the background for Proudhon's last completed work, is the result:
Manifesto of the Sixty Workers of the Seine
(February 17, 1864)
On May 31, 1863, the workers of Paris, more concerned about the triumph of the opposition than of their particular interest, would vote the list published by the newspapers. Without hesitating, without haggling over their support, inspired by their devotion to liberty, they gave a new, brilliant, and irrefutable proof of it. And the victory of the opposition was complete, such as one wished it ardently, but certainly more imposing than many dared to hope.
A worker candidacy was posted, it is true, but defended with a moderation that everyone was forced to recognize. It was put forward to support only some secondary, partisan considerations, in the face of an exceptional situation which gave to the general elections a particular character; its defenders abstained from posing the vast problem of the pauperism. It was with a great reserve of propaganda and arguments that the proletariat attempted to manifest itself: the proletariat, that wound of modern society, as slavery and serfdom were wounds of antiquity and the Middle Ages. Those who acted thus had foreseen their defeat, but they believed it was good to set a first milepost. Such a candidacy seemed necessary to them to affirm the profoundly democratic spirit of the great city.
In the next elections the situation will not be the same. By the election of nine deputies, the liberal opposition obtained in Paris a broad satisfaction. Whoever they were, selected under the same conditions, the newly elected officials would not add anything to the significance of the vote of May 31: whatever their eloquence, it would hardly add to the glare thrown today by the skilful and brilliant speakers of the opposition. There is not a point of the democratic program of which we would not wish, like it, its realization. And let us say it once and for all, we employ this word Democracy in its most radical and honest sense.
But if we agree on policy, do we agree on social economy? Are the reforms that we desire, the institutions that we demand the liberty to found, accepted by all those which represent the liberal party in the legislature? That is the question, the Gordian knot of the situation.
One fact demonstrates in a peremptory and painful way, the difficulties of the position of the workmen.
In a country whose Constitution rests on universal suffrage, in a country where everyone invokes and extols the principles of 89, we are obliged to justify some worker candidacies, to tell thoroughly, at length, the how and the why, and that in order to avoid, not only the unjust accusations of the timid and excessively conservative, but also the fears and the loathings of our friends.
Universal suffrage has made us adults politically, but it still remains to us to emancipate ourselves socially. The freedom which the Third Estate was able to win with so much strength and perseverance must be extended in France, a democratic country, to all the citizens. Equal political right necessarily implies an equal social right. We repeat it until we're blue in the face: there are no more classes; since 1789, all the French are equal before the law.
But we who have no another property than our arms, we who undergo every day the legitimate or arbitrary conditions of capital; we who live under exceptional laws, such as the law on the coalitions and article 1781, which harmed our interests at the same time as our dignity, it is quite difficult for us to believe in that assertion.
We who, in a country where we have the right to name the deputies, have not always the means of learning how to read; we who, for want of the power to gather, to associate freely, are powerless to organize professional instruction, and who see this precious instrument of industrial progress becoming the privilege of capital, we cannot delude ourselves in that way.
We whose children often spend their younger years in the demoralizing and unhealthy environment of the factories, or in apprenticeship, which is hardly still today anything but a state close to domestic servitude; we, whose wives inevitably desert the hearth for an excessive labor, contrary to their nature and destructive of the family; we who do not have the right to agree to defend our wages peacefully, to insure ourselves against unemployment, we affirm that the equality written in the law is not in the customs, and that it has yet to be realized in the facts. Those who, deprived of education and capital, cannot resist selfish and oppressive demands through liberty and solidarity, these are inevitably subject to the domination of the capital: their interests remain subordinates to other interests.
We know it, the interests do not regulate themselves; they escape the law; they can be reconciled only by particular conventions, mobile and changing like those interests themselves. Without liberty being given to all that reconciliation is impossible. We will march to the conquest of our rights, peacefully and legally, but with energy and persistence. Our liberation will soon show the progress realized in the spirit of the working classes, of the immense multitude that vegetates as what is called the proletariat, and that, in order to use a fairer expression, we will call the salariat.
To those which wish to see resistance organized, the strike, as soon as we claim liberty, we say: you do not know the worker; they work towards an end large in other ways, fertile in different ways than the one which exhausts their strength in daily battles where, from two sides, the adversaries would ultimately find only ruin for some and poverty for the others.
The Third Estate said: What the Third Estate? Nothing! What must it be? Everything! We will not say: What is the worker? Nothing! What must he be? Everything! But we will say: the bourgeoisie, our elder brother in emancipation, knew how, in 89, to absorb the nobility and to destroy unjust privileges; it is a question for us, not to destroy the rights which the middle classes rightly enjoy, but to win the same liberty of action. In France, the democratic country par excellence, all political right, any social reform, every instrument of progress cannot remain the privilege of some. By the force of the things, the nation which possesses the innate spirit of equality, irresistibly tends to make the inheritance of all.
Any means of progress which cannot be extended, popularized, so as to contribute to the general well-being, by descending to the last layers of society, is not completely democratic, for it constitutes a privilege. The law must be broad enough to allow to each, separately or collectively, the development of their faculties, the use of their strengths, savings and intelligence, without anyone being able to establish any limits on them but the liberty of others, and not their interests.
Let no one accuse us of dreaming of agrarian laws, chimerical equality, which would put each on a Procrustean bed, division, maximum, forced taxation, etc, etc. No! It is high time to be done with these slanders propagated by our enemies and adopted by the ignorant. Liberty to work, credit, and solidarity, there are our dreams. The day when they are realized, for the glory and the prosperity of a country that is dear to us, there will be no more bourgeois nor proletarians, no bosses nor workers. All the citizens will be equal in rights.
But, we are told, all these reforms that you need, the elected deputies can demand them like you, and better than you; they are the representatives of all and named by all.
Well! we will respond: No! We are not represented, and that is why we pose this question of the worker candidacies. We know that one does not say industrial, commercial, military, journalistic candidacies, etc; but the thing is there if the word is not. Isn't the great majority of the legislature made up of large landowners, industrialists, tradesmen, generals, journalists, etc, etc, etc, which vote silently or which speak only in the offices, and only on questions in which they have the special interest?
A very small number speak on the general questions. Certainly we think that the elected workers should and could defend the general interests of the democracy, but even when they limit themselves to defending the particular interests of the most numerous class, what a specialty! They would fill a gap with the legislature where manual labor is not represented. We who do not have at our service any of these means, fortune, relations, public office, we are forced to give to our candidacies a clear and significant denomination and to call things by their name as much as we can.
We are not represented, for, in a recent meeting of the legislature, there was a unanimous demonstration of sympathy in favor of the working class, but no voice was raised to formulate, with moderation but with firmness, our aspirations, our desires and our rights as we understand them.
We are not represented, we who refuse to believe that poverty is a divine institution. Charity, a Christian institution, has radically proven and has recognized itself its powerlessness as a social institution.
Undoubtedly, in the good old days, in the times of divine right, when, imposed by God, the kings and the nobles believed themselves the fathers and elders of the people, when happiness and the equality were relegated to heaven, charity should be a social institution.
In the times of the sovereignty of the people, of universal suffrage, it is no more, can no longer be more than a private virtue. Alas! the defects and the infirmities of human nature will always leave to fraternity a vast field on which to exert itself; but the unmerited poverty that, in the form of disease, insufficient wages, and unemployment, encloses the immense majority of the workingmen, of goodwill, in a fatal circle where they struggle in vain: this poverty, we attest to it vigorously, can disappear and it will disappear. Why has no one made this distinction? We do not want to be clients or to be assisted; we want to become equals; we reject alms; we want justice.
No, we are not represented, because no one has said that the spirit of antagonism weakened every day in the popular classes. Enlightened by experience, we do not hate men, but we want to change things. Nobody said that the law on the coalitions was no longer anything but a scarecrow and that instead of putting an end to the evil, it perpetuated it by closing any exit to those who believed themselves oppressed.
No, we are not represented, because in the question of the trade-union organizations, a strange confusion was established in the mind of those who recommended them: according to them, the trade-union organizations would be made up bosses and workmen, as a sort of professional labor court, arbiters responsible for ruling from day to day on the questions which emerge. However what we ask for is an association made up exclusively of workers, elected by universal suffrage, a Chamber of Labor, we could say by analogy with the Chamber of Commerce, and they respond to us with a court.
No, we are not represented because nobody spoken of the considerable movement which appears in the working classes to organize the credit. Who knows today that thirty-five mutual credit associations function in obscurity in Paris. They contain fertile seeds, but for their complete blossoming they would need the sun of freedom.
In principle, few intelligent democrats dispute the legitimacy of our demands, and none deny us the right to put them forward ourselves.
Opportunity, the ability of the candidates, the likely obscurity of their names, since they would be selected from among the workers exercising their trade at the time of the choice (and that in order to specify the sense of their candidacy), these are the questions which are raised to conclude that our project is unrealizable, and that moreover publicity would be lacking.
First, we maintain that, after twelve years of patience, the opportune moment has come: we could not accept that we must await the next general elections, that is to wait six more years. It would take on this account eighteen years for the election of workers to be opportune—twenty and one years since 1848! What a better districts could they choose than the 1st and the 5th! There, more than everywhere else, the elements of success must be found.
The vote of May 31 judged in an undeniable way the great question of freedom in Paris. The country is calm: isn't it wise, politic, to test today the power of the free institutions which must facilitate the transition between the old society, founded on the salariat and the future society that will be founded on the common right? Is not there danger in waiting for moments of crisis, where passions are over-excited by the general distress?
Wouldn't the success of the working candidacies be an immense moral effect? It would prove that our ideas are understood, that longer feelings of conciliation are appreciated; and that finally we do not refuse any more to pass into practice, what we recognize as just in theory.
Would it be true that the workmen candidates must necessarily have these eminent qualities of speaker and publicist, who announce a man to the admiration of his fellow-citizens? We do not think so. It would be enough that they could appeal to justice while putting forward with uprightness and clarity the reforms for which we ask. Wouldn't the vote of their voters give, moreover, give to their word an authority larger than is possessed by the most famous orator? Come from the heart of the popular masses, the significance of these elections would be all the more striking as the elected officials would have been the day before more obscure and unknown. In the end, have the gifts of eloquence and universal knowledge, been required as necessary conditions for the deputies named thus far?
In 1848, the election of workmen sanctified political equality by an act; in 1864 this election would consecrate social equality.
Unless you are denying the obviousness, you must recognize that there is a special class of citizens needing a direct representation, since the enclosure of the legislature is the only place where the workmen could express their wishes freely an with dignity and to claim for themselves the share of rights that the other citizens enjoy.
Let us examine the current situation without bitterness and prevention. What does the bourgeois democracy, that we do not want with the same ardor? Universal suffrage rid of any obstacle? We want it. The freedom of press, meeting ruled by the common right? We want them. The complete separation of the Church and the State, the balance of the budget, municipal franchises? We want all that.
Well! Without our cooperation, the middle-class will have difficulty obtaining or preserving these rights, these liberties, which are the essence of a democratic society.
What do we want more especially than it, or at least more vigorously, because we are more interested in it? Primary education, free and obligatory, and freedom to work.
Education develops and strengthens the feeling of the dignity in man, i.e. the consciousness of his rights and duties. The one who is enlightened appeals to reason and not force to realize his desires.
If the freedom to work does not come to be used as counterweight to commercial freedom, we will see a financial autocracy established. The petit bourgeois, like the workers, will soon only be its servants. Today isn't it obvious that credit, far from spreading, tends on the contrary to concentrate in a few hands? And doesn't the Bank of France give an example of the flagrant contradiction of every economic principle? It enjoys at once the monopoly to emit paper money and freedom to raise the interest rate without limits.
Without us, we repeat, the bourgeois can establish nothing solid; without its cooperation our emancipation can be still delayed a long time.
Let us then unite with a common aim: the triumph of true democracy.
Propagated by us, supported by the it, the working candidacies would be the living proof of the serious, durable union of the democrats without distinction of class or of position. Will we be abandoned? Will we be forced to pursue separately the triumph of our ideas? Let us hope not, in the interest of all.
Let us summarize, to avoid any misunderstanding: The primarily political significance of the working candidacies would be this one:
To strengthen, by supplementing it, the action of the liberal opposition. It asked in the most modest terms for the essential liberties. The worker deputies would demand the necessary economic reforms.
Such is the frank summary of the general ideas put forward by the workmen during the electoral which preceded May 31. At that time the working candidacy had numerous difficulties in overcome in order to take place. So you could accuse it, not without reason, of being late-flowering. Today the terrain is free and as in our opinion the need for the working candidacies is demonstrated even by what has occurred since that time, we do not hesitate to take the lead to avoid the reproach which had been made to us in the last elections.
We put the question to the public so that on the first day of the electoral period, agreement is easier and more rapid between those who share our opinion. We frankly say what we are and what we want.
We desire the bright light of publicity, and we call upon the newspapers which suffer the monopoly created by the fact of prior authorization; but we are convinced that they will hold to honor and show us hospitality, to testify thus in favor of true freedom; by facilitating our means of expressing our thought, even when they do not share it.
We call of all our wishes the moment for discussion, the electoral period, the day when the professions of faith of the worker candidates will be in all hands, when they will be ready to answer all questions. We count on the support of those who will be convinced then that our cause is that of equality, indissolubly linked to liberty, in a word the cause of JUSTICE.
Signed by the workmen whose names follow:
Aubert (Jean), Baraguet, Bouyer, Cohadon, Coutant, Carrat, Dujardin, Kin (Arsène), Ripert, Moret, Tolain (H.), Murat, Lagarde, Royanez, Garnier (Jean), Rampillon, Barbier, Revenu, CuÉnot, Ch. Limousin, Aubert (Louis), Audoint, Beaumont, Hallereau, Perrachon, Pi'prel, Rouxel, Rainot, Vallier, Vanhamme, Vespierre, Blanc (J.-J.), Samson, CamÉlinat, Michel (Charles), Voirin, Langreni, Secretand, Thiercelin, Chevrier, Loy, Vilhem, Messerer, Faillot, Flament, Halhen, Barra, Adinet, Camille, Murat Père, Cheron, Bibal, Oudin, Chalon, Morel, Delahaye, Capet, Arblas, Cochu, Mauzon.
An obscure Proudhon volume
Bourgeois Oligarchy (La Révolte, July 1871)


text:
Posted inBooks Reviews
Cups of Nun Chai Sheds Light on the Kashmir Often Missing From Headlines
Alana Hunt's emphasis on everyday experiences, shared over a cup of tea, highlights what's often missing from dominant mainstream media narratives.
by Majid Maqbool April 15, 2021 April 15, 2021
From Cups of Nun Chai by Alana Hunt (Yaarbal Books, 2020) (all images courtesy the author; design and all photos by Itu Chaudhuri Design)
In the summer of 2010, a 17-year-old boy named Tufail Ahmad Mattoo was killed in Srinagar by government forces as he returned home from school. Across Indian-controlled Kashmir hundreds of thousands of people erupted in protests demanding independence from Indian rule. By the end of that year, over 118 civilians had been killed by the state in these protests, many of them young people in their late teens and 20s, some of them children as young as eight years of age.
Alana Hunt, an artist and writer from Australia, had left Kashmir the day Mattoo died. She had spent three years in New Delhi by then, and would often visit Kashmir while studying at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU).
Back home in Sydney, Hunt watched as the death toll in Kashmir rose day by day. She communicated online with friends in the region, who were caught under suffocating curfews. Cups of Nun Chai, her decade long body of work, emerged from this juncture which she describes as being "as personal as it is political, as geographically and culturally dislocated as it is grounded."
From Cups of Nun Chai by Alana Hunt (Yaarbal Books, 2020) (design and photo by Itu Chaudhuri Design)
"Meanwhile" she writes in the book, "Australia barely took note; there was a gaping silence on Kashmir in its 24-hour news cycle, and other lives simply went on. Indifferent. Unaware. Elsewhere."
Nun chai, a distinct salt tea ubiquitous in Kashmir, became the catalyst for a requiem to this loss of life unfolding through 118 conversations with 118 people in Australia, India, and Kashmir. Each conversation forged one part of an accumulating constellation that connected Kashmir to other experiences of state violence, nation-making, and colonization globally. With each cup of tea photographed, and each conversation recorded from memory, the work first accumulated on a website, then circulated in the newspaper Kashmir Reader, and has most recently been published as a book by the New Delhi-based press, Yaarbal Books.
In the text's introduction, Hunt writes that the project began as a "gesture towards the people of Kashmir who feel and know this loss the most, and as an attempt to render tangible what so many outside Kashmir do not know."
"The work moves against the normalization of violence, in an attempt to mark this loss, and to grasp at what surrounds it," she explains. "It is an archive of small moments, remembered within the terrain shaped by the persistent violence of colonization and nation making."
Through deeply personal encounters the book reflects on how decades of structural state violence disrupt and affect everyday life in Kashmir. These informal conversations, over a deceptively simple act of sharing tea, convey the larger political resistances and aspirations of people in the contested region of Kashmir. However, an acute sense of grief hangs heavy over each conversation through which the work's core as a memorial is maintained.
There are no direct images of violence in the book, nor of the heavenly landscape Kashmir is known for. This is in stark contrast to stereotypical representations of the region in mainstream Indian media, Bollywood, and the international press. Hunt's emphasis on everyday experiences, shared over a cup of tea, highlights things that are often missed amidst the dominant mainstream media narratives of beauty and violence that Kashmir has generally come to be identified with in the Western world.
Making reference to the work's serialization in Kashmir Reader, a daily newspaper published from Srinagar, the book also incorporates newspaper clippings. Significantly, in the midst of the project, Kashmir Reader was banned for three months from October 2016, due to its bold, independent reportage of the conflict. Here, newspaper clippings provide not only a distinctly Kashmiri visual and textual counterpoint to Hunt's own work, but also subtly point to the political dynamics at play in the lead up to and following the newspaper ban.
It is worth noting that Cups of Nun Chai was published in the aftermath of August 5, 2019 – the day when Kashmir's autonomous status was unilaterally revoked by India's Hindu nationalist BJP government, which also divided and downgraded the former state into two federally governed union territories. The unprecedented military crackdown and near total communications shutdown that followed cut people off from each other and the outside world for about six months. Recently, the Indian state has accelerated the process of settler-colonization in Kashmir that many fear is aimed at engineering a demographic change in the only Muslim-majority state in India.
In this context, Cups of Nun Chai attempts to forge an international dialogue that converses with the aspirations of ordinary people in Kashmir, whose humanity is preserved — and shines — through this book, despite decades of suppression and silencing by the Indian state. Through an intimate gesture of listening over a shared cup of tea, the book offers a response to the absurdity of state violence, countering its normalization in Kashmir with an artistic act of memorialization that runs against the attempted erasure of people's memories by the state.
Cups of Nun Chai, by Alana Hunt, is now available from Yarbaal Books.
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Tagged: Reviews
Majid Maqbool
Majid Maqbool is an independent journalist and writer based in Kashmir. More by Majid Maqbool


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text:
Tak-Shun Choi, M.D.
Department Pathology
Tak-Shun Choi, M.D. has been a staff Clinical Pathologist and Medical Director of Transfusion Medicine Unit at the Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System since 1999. Dr. Choi received his Board Certification by the American Board of Pathology in Clinical Pathology in 1998 and his subspecialty Board Certification from The American Board of Pathology in Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine in 2003.
Dr. Choi was originally from Hong Kong and graduated from The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn (SUNY Downstate Medical Center) with Summa Cum Laude and Distinction in Research in 1993. After being as a medicine intern at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center New York, NY in 1993 and an anatomic pathology intern at SUNY Downstate in 1994, Dr. Choi worked under the supervision of Dr. Jiang Gu as a research fellow in Immunohistochemistry/Molecular Medicine at Deborah Research Institute Browns Mills, NJ. Dr. Choi continued his Clinical Pathology training at the SUNY Downstate from 1995 to 1998 where he was Chief Resident from 1996-1997. He went on to complete a Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine fellowship at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas Texas from 1998 to 1999.
Dr. Choi served as an Assistant Professor from 1999 to 2007 and has been an Associate Professor of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical School since 2007.
Cuny the College of Staten Isl (1986), Engineering
Rutgers the State University (1988), Biomedical Engineering
Suny-Downstate Medical Center (1993), Medicine
Hemostasis and blood management
Modified plasma-based ecarin clotting time assay for monitoring of recombinant hirudin during cardiac surgery.
Choi TS, Khan AI, Greilich PE, Kroll MH Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 2006 Feb 125 2 290-5
Point-of-care testing for prothrombin time, but not activated partial thromboplastin time, correlates with laboratory methods in patients receiving aprotinin or epsilon-aminocaproic acid while undergoing cardiac surgery.
Choi TS, Greilich PE, Shi C, Wilson JS, Keller A, Kroll MH Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 2002 Jan 117 1 74-8
Effect of naftifine on neutrophil adhesion.
Choi TS, Solomon B, Nowakowski M, Lee WL, Geen S, Suntharalingam K, Fikrig S, Shalita AR Skin Pharmacol. 1996 9 3 190-6
Temperature Control in Microwave Immunohistochemistry. In Analytical Morphology - Principles, Applications and Protocols
Zevallos EA, E Bard, VM Anderson, T-S Choi and J Gu. (1997). Boston, USA, Eaton Publishing Inc.
Conventional PCR, In Situ PCR and Reversed Transcripted In Situ PCR for HIV Detection. In In Situ Polymerase Chain Reaction and Related Technology
Endowed Honor Scholarship
The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn (SUNY Downstate Medical Center) (1993)
William Montagna Prize for Excellence in Dermatological Research
Chandler McCasky Brooks Award for Outstanding Attainment in Physiology
Society for the Advancement of Blood Management (2014)
College of American Pathologists (1998)
American Society for Clinical Pathology (1995)
Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (1990)