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Oscar Shmoscar
I'm a movie fan so I allow myself to get a little excited for Oscar season. I think the odds of an Oscar going to the most deserving film in a particular year are only slightly better than the odds I'll ever have the chance to win one. I just enjoy getting wound up by how stupid the mysterious members of the Motion Picture academy can be.
Let me highlight a few of the WTF moments from this year's nominations.
This year, the academy made a big deal out of the fact they were changing the rules for Best Picture nominations (again). No longer would ten films automatically be nominated. Rather, a minimum of five and a maximum of ten films would be nominated for best picture. I'm not going to explain how the new rules work because honestly – who the fuck cares?
So with these radical rule changes, this year there were nine movies nominated for Best picture. Vive le difference!
Yet, even with nine films in the running for best picture, they didn't manage to nominate Bridesmaids.
So let's see….they managed to nominate Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close because it has something to do with 9/11 and they are legally obligated to nominate sappy movies about people dealing with pain and loss in the wake of the single greatest tragedy of our generation.
But they can't nominate the best comedy of the year and one of the few films this year where every major character is a female.
I rail on the Academy's problems with comedy every now and again. Ask any actor, writer, director or producer what is harder to do – great comedy or great drama – they will all answer great comedy. Yet when a great comedy film presents itself, they all ignore it when it comes to Oscar season.
I can't speak to the quality of most of the films on the list as I've only seen two of them. The two I've seen (Hugo and The Artist) I really enjoyed. I don't imagine I'll have a deep and abiding love for all the others that will convince me there wasn't room for a bawdy, clever comedy that was more successful than all of them.
I hope I'm not the first person to ask this question:
Is there such a shortage of good roles for women that Meryl Streep is automatically nominated for every film she makes?
Look, I think that Streep is a good actress. She isn't the only one, is she? This year she is nominated for a film that is, by most accounts, pretty mediocre. But she does such a great job of pretending to be Margaret Thatcher that we can forgive the fact the movie isn't very good.
Inevitably this category is filled with performances from obscure films that nobody has seen (Glen Close in Albert Nobbs) because mainstream films don't provide actresses with roles that require – you know – acting.
Again, I note that there were several female roles in Bridesmaids and exactly one of them was nominated for an Oscar.
I'll harp on the whole Bridemaids thing fairly frequently because what the fuck?
Also, can I note that Rooney Mara gets a nomination for The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo while Noomi Rapace was ignored for her performances in 2009 because she didn't perform them in English. Stay classy Academy!
Also, is it a rule that anyone who plays Lisbeth Salander has to have a weird name? Is that a thing?
This category is just stupid.
I think they should have nominated Bridesmaids in this category because clearly the academy doesn't understand comedy. Or women.
I hear A Separation is the best of this lot. That means there is no way it'll win.
OK, so we have Puss in Boots but no Adventures of Tintin. Give them points for realizing that Cars II may have been a Pixar film but that didn't mean it was good enough to be nominated.
There are also two movies nobody has heard of on the list (A Cat in Paris and Chico & Rita). Who wants to bet there are both better than anything the Hollywood animation machine has produced in the last twelve months?
Two songs are nominated in this category. Two.
This has long been the most pointless category the Oscars have ever created but this year brings pointlessness to a new level.
When they announce the award, they should just announce it as "the song from The Muppets that is going to win and another random song we picked so it wouldn't look like we were just handing the award to the Muppet song."
All right, we have Albert Nobbs, The Iron Lady and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part II.
The artists in Albert Nobbs made Glen Close look like a man. The artists in The Iron Lady made Meryl Streep look like Margaret Thatcher. The artists in Harry Potter made Ralph Finnes look like a fucking snake man.
They don't have a chance.
Hey look – they nominated Bridesmaids! Given the film is in the same category with The Artist and Woody Allen, I imagine we won't be able to say "Oscar Winner Kristen Wiig" any time soon.
Here's the thing – somewhere between The Peoples Choice Awards (hey – at least they nominated Bridesmaids) and The Oscars is the sweet spot of movie awards. Free from the pretense of "artists" recognizing "art" and "audiences" recognizing "crap" (they gave the 2011 Best Picture award to fucking Twilight), there is an award show just waiting to be born.
Perhaps we should call it "The People With Taste Choice Award."
Voters would be given a preliminary quiz in which they had to pick the best movie between two options. Say Twilight and Casablanca. Anyone who picks Twilight is disqualified. We'd let them think their vote counted but it'd go in the trash bin.
I like this idea. All we need to do is get Johnny Depp on board and we can't fail!
4 responses to "Oscar Shmoscar"
John Maddening says : January 26, 2012 at 7:47 pm
Or because Rooney Mara did a better job than Noomi Rapace.
Or because the Swedish version of The Millenium Trilogy was a TV miniseries recut as films, and thus ineligible.
Petsnakereggie says : January 26, 2012 at 7:51 pm
Better job? Don't agree. Different – not better.
If a recut version of a foreign TV series is not eligible, that must be a new rule since they nominated Das Boot.
John Maddening says : January 26, 2012 at 10:08 pm
Hm, good point re: DAS BOOT. I remember the outcry when THE LAST SEDUCTION couldn't get nominated because it premiered on TV first.
I think everything about the English-language remake of TGWTDT was better. Acting, cinematography, pacing…an this is from someone who loved the Swedish version.
Petsnakereggie says : January 26, 2012 at 10:25 pm
It could be that if a film is released theatrically in America, it doesn't matter how it was originally released in a foreign country.
I definitely like the remake a lot. There were some story decisions near the end that turned me off a little bit. I think Stellan Skarsgaard is much better in his role than the Swedish Counterpart and was actually pretty impressed with Daniel Craig. Rooney Mara was terrific but I also loved Noomi Rapace so I can't say I think one was better than the other.


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Politicians condemn Israel Folau over bushfire comments
Prime Minister Scott Morrison has joined a number of politicians in condemning Israel Folau for linking bushfires with same-sex marriage.
Malcolm Farr and staff writers
news.com.auNovember 18, 201912:10pm
Barnaby Joyce accused of being the same as Israel Folau (Sunrise)
Labor MP Joel Fitzgibbon accuses Barnaby Joyce of being as bad as Israel Folau for his bushfire comments.
Australian rugby star Israel Folau.Source:News Regional Media
Scott Morrison today joined the lengthening line of political leaders condemning Israel Folau's extraordinary claim the bushfires are God's punishment for same-sex marriage.
Mr Folau made the claim of divine retribution in a video posted on social media of his sermon to Sydney's Truth of Jesus Christ Church Sydney.
"God is speaking to you guys. Australia you need to repent and take these laws and turn it back to what is right," he said after referring to legalisation of same-sex marriage and abortion.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison told reporters today he did not agree with Mr Folau's "appallingly insensitive" remarks, indicating they could be seen as identifying individual fire victims as being punished by God.
"He's a free citizen. He can say whatever he likes," Prime Minister said.
"But that doesn't mean he can't have regard to the grievous offence this would have caused people whose homes have been burned down, and I'm sure to many Christians around Australia for whom this is not their view at all."
He said: "If people don't have something sensible or helpful to say, can you just keep it to yourself?'
Opposition Leader Anthony Albanese joined the criticism of what he called "pretty reprehensible" comments by Mr Folau.
"It would good if people thought before they spoke. These comments certainly won't bring anything positive or constructive to the debate," Mr Albanese told Sky News.
"Mr Folau has a history of making provocative comments. He's entitled to his view but it's also incumbent upon people who have a bit of common-sense here to reject those comments."
Greens leader Senator Richard Di Natale said in a statement the Folau comments were "obviously hurtful and absurd"
Israel Folau speaking at The Truth Of Jesus Christ Church, claiming that the current bushfires and drought have been sent by God. Source: The Truth of Jesus Christ Church Sydney/FacebookSource:Facebook
"But giving oxygen to this abhorrent outburst is a convenient distraction from the real problem behind the fires – our climate crisis fuelled by the burning of coal, oil and gas.
"And today it's at the expense of LGBTIQ+ people, which is not OK.
"Trying to distract people by focusing on controversial commentary by former footie players only delays action to reduce carbon pollution, and puts both communities and firefighters at risk."
Nationals backbencher and former leader Barnaby Joyce sought this morning to condemn Folau's comments but was accused of being just as bad.
Mr Joyce, who apologised last week for saying two people who died in bushfires were likely Greens voters, was attacked on Sunrise for his comments that some described as "vile".
Responding to Folau's comments, Mr Joyce said "of course" it was a stretch to link the fires and the drought to same-sex marriage and abortion laws.
"But what happens now Kochie (host David Koch) is he throws rocks at us, so he feels good, we throw rocks back at him, so we feel good, you throw rocks at both of us so you feel good, and not one of those actions is making a sandwich for a person who's fighting the fires … not one of them is doing backburning," Mr Joyce said.
"Israel can concentrate on what he wants to say and I don't really care, and we'll concentrate on the fire."
But Labor spokesman for agriculture Joel Fitzgibbon pulled up Mr Joyce for his own comments last week.
Barnaby Joyce on Sunrise.Source:Supplied
When asked whether Folau should have stayed silent knowing that his comments would get widespread media attention, Mr Fitzgibbon said it bewildered him why the media paid so much attention to Folau but said "he's had a few good coaches" in the last week.
"I found it somewhat amusing what Barnaby had to say," Mr Fitzgibbon said.
"Barnaby was out there last week talking about the voting habits of those who have tragically lost their lives."
Mr Fitzgibbon also noted comments that Greens senator Jordon Steele-John made about politicians being "arsonists" and said Deputy Prime Minister Michael McCormack had also been "screaming at people calling them lunatics".
RELATED: Row erupts over bushfire link to climate change
"Israel is in a sense as bad as the rest of them and they are all attention seekers," Mr Fitzgibbon said.
Mr Joyce tries to interrupt before Mr Fitzgibbon finishes by saying, "I didn't interrupt you, you are as guilty as, as Israel Folau, you've done the same thing both of you."
"Oh for God's sake, Joel that's ridiculous," Mr Joyce retorts.
Barnaby Joyce and Joel Fitzgibbon on Sunrise.Source:Supplied
"First and foremost, what I was doing, if the statements were clumsy I apologise, for it was precisely to try and take away the invective from a group of people.
"If you look at the transcript … I said quite clearly you cannot blame one group of people or another group of people."
Mr Joyce said his comments were about trying to make sure people worked together.
"Prior to that, there was assertions that it was all about the people who vote for the Greens, and I was saying that's ridiculous, a person's political voting pattern does not make a bushfire," he said.
"What we have to do is have a conversation in the future about policies that could better help us fight these fires, but what you've done Joel just then, is preciously what you said you weren't going to do, is to create the invective and to throw fuel on the fire."
But Mr Fitzgibbon wasn't buying it.
"Nice try Barnaby but you chased a headline, you got the wrong headline, you apologised yes but the damage was done, and people like Israel are now following your example."
Mr Joyce's frustration seemed boil over.
"Joel, you've just said that I'm the same as Israel Folau, that is incredible Joel, sometimes you are just so stupid," he said.
But Mr Fitzgibbon had the last line: "You don't play football anywhere near as well."
'Not the point': Karl slams Dutton
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'Alarm bells' over Australia's $80b subs
Tasmanian Premier resigns from top job
MP's shocking comment to protesters
Ridiculous debate at centre of fire crisis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Meadens Named ŠKODA Retailer of The Year
Meadens ŠKODA is proud to have been named ŠKODA Retailer Of The Year 2018 in the Sales category. The brand's annual awards recognise the best performing sites from ŠKODA UK's 130-strong dealer network.
Meadens operated their ŠKODA dealership originally from the Sway dealership but now purely from their purpose built dealership in Brockenhurst.
ŠKODA UK said the award is based on "Meaden's excellent sales performance throughout the year". Rod McLeod, director of ŠKODA UK, said: "We are proud to work alongside some of the best retailers in the UK. Our retailers continue to deliver fantastic service and value to customers and I'd personally like to congratulate the whole network for their results over the past 12 months."
Tom Sexton, Meadens ŠKODA Dealer principal, said "To receive this award is real recognition of the work our team here in the New Forest have achieved throughout the year. But it's not really a testament to sales targets, units sold or anything like that for us... here at Meadens ŠKODA we see it more as a marker for all the customers we've seen in 2018 and, through great customer service across the board, have been able to provide exactly what they wanted"


This Volkswagen Passat manual covers the model years 1995, 1996 and 1997. It includes Volkswagen Passat and Passat wagon equipped with gasoline and diesel engines. This manual was created specifically to cover only those models built for sale in the United States and Canada.
Some of the information in this manual applies only to cars of a particular model year or range of years. For example, "m.y. 1995" refers to the 1995 model year. The model year does not necessarily match the calendar year in which the car was manufactured or sold. To be sure of the model year of a particular car, check the vehicle identification number (VIN) on the car. Technical changes made in production within a model year are identified in this manual by listing the VIN for the first car produced with this change. The VIN is a unique sequence of 17 characters assigned by Volkswagen to identify each individual car. WVWEE83A-SE005678 is an example. Each of the 17 letters and numbers indicates certain facts about the car and its manufacture. The characters in the 7th and 8th spaces are Volkswagen's model designation. The letter in the 10th space indicates model year. The last six digits are the unique sequential production number. References to VIN in this manual will often include only the last several characters, such as 3A2SE005678 or 3AS005678 from the sample VIN above.


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Apple Music Removed the Theme Song of Hong Kong Movie "A Chinese Ghost Story II" from China
Prior to the upcoming 30th anniversary of the June 4th student movement, Apple Music removed a theme song from China that had been in a Hong Kong movie. The title of the song was "A Human's Path (人间道)." it was the theme song in the famous film "A Chinese Ghost Story II" which was released in 1990. It was produced by the late Hong Kong musician Huang Zhan. Huang Zhan mentioned in a video interview a few years later that many Hong Kong people had already emigrated abroad before and after 1989, and everyone who stayed in Hong Kong was confused about the future. However, when he saw the Tiananmen incident, he felt terrible. He said during the interview that no one at the time knew what the song was referring to, but he wanted to put "emotions secretly into this song." After Apple Music removed this song, many Chinese major online music sites such as "Xiami" or " NetEase Cloud Music" also followed up to remove the song.
In recent years, Apple Music removed the works of the Hong Kong democracy movement musicians including Anthony Wong Yiu-ming (黄耀明), Denise Ho (何韵诗) and all the works of the singer Bobby Chen (陈昇) who is accused of (favoring) "Taiwan independence." In addition, Apple Music removed the songs that were said to be related to the Tiananmen Square incident, including "Time Flies Soundlessly (岁月无声)" by the famous Hong Kong-known band "Beyond," "Don't Ruin it (別去糟蹋)" by the mainland band "Black Panthers," and Cui Jian's album "Balls Under the Red Flag (红旗下的蛋)" as well as the famous American band "Guns and Roses" album "China's Democracy."
Apple's ban on songs has once again caused concern about the political compromises that the technology leaders have been unable to evade after entering the Chinese market. When companies such as Google or Apple entered the Chinese market, they all said they would abide by relevant Chinese laws and regulations.
The ban, however, has caused discussions on the internet. Many people started looking for this song to listen to it. In China's famous video sharing platform "Bilibili 哔哩哔哩," there is still a film by singer Jacky Cheung at the concert singing the song "A Human's Path (人间道)." People's comments showed that they understand very well what the lyrics were implying. One post stated. "The intention is not to let people mention it and prevent the topic from fermenting." Another post said the song was "brave."
So far, Apple has not responded about this matter.
Source: BBC Chinese, April 11, 2019
https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese-news-47871738
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The California Public Utilities Commission began funding regional broadband development groups, AKA broadband consortia, in 2011. In rural areas, and some urban areas, the groups primarily worked on expanding broadband infrastructure. But in Los Angeles County, the focus was on broadband promotion – AKA broadband "adoption" – programs that aimed at getting more people to use – and subscribe to – Internet service.
One of those groups styled itself "California's One Million New Internet User Coalition". It received conditional approval for a $450,000 grant from the CPUC and paid for by the California Advanced Services Fund (CASF), to run digital literacy training, primarily in low income communities in LA County. An organisation called Korean Churches for Community Development was in charge of the money – AKA, the fiscal agent – and, according to CPUC records, the consortium's leader was Larry Ortega, CEO of Community Union Inc.
hours…the Coalition "gave the impression that the Consortium has been offering the 40-hour in-class training in all its quarterly reports and in its requests for Year 2 and Year 3 budgets." The Coalition's application and subsequent annual work plan submissions to the Commission all falsely claimed that they were still providing 40-hour training programs. The Coalition misled the Commission by making false reports.
The CPUC will vote next month whether to begin the formal process of clawing back $244,000 from KCCD, and possibly assessing fines and other penalties on it and Ortega. According to the CPUC, Ortega and KCCD have stonewalled them, and largely refused to respond to questions or demands to return the money.
I do a lot of work for regional consortia, some of it paid, some of it not. I'm proud of what I do, but not of some of the other crap that goes on. I'm not a disinterested commentator. Take it for what it's worth.
Click to see the previous boundaries.
Gold Country Broadband Consortium, $300,000 over two years. Covers Sierra, Nevada, Placer, El Dorado and a part of Alpine counties, except for the Tahoe Basin area, which [has its own, separate consortium](). Focus is on finding opportunities for new broadband projects. The Sierra Business Council will take over operation of the consortium from the Sierra Economic Development Corporation.
Inland Empire Regional Broadband Consortium, also $300,000 over two years. Represents Riverside and San Bernardino counties. Will concentrate on technology and policy development.
Connected Capital Area Broadband Consortium, $298,750 over two years. Takes in Sacramento, Sutter, Yolo and Yuba counties. Work plan includes developing broadband infrastructure projects and increasing the availability, affordability and use of Internet services.
Inyo Mono Broadband Consortium, $105,216 over two years for Inyo and Mono counties. Data-driven infrastructure development program, focused on leveraging the Digital 395 fiber backbone.
Redwood Coast Connect Broadband Consortium, $208,000 over two years in Del Norte, Humboldt, and Trinity counties. Plans to work on infrastructure deployment, particularly along the State Route 299 corridor and the Klamath River.
San Joaquin Valley Regional Broadband Consortium, $180,000 over three years. Serves Fresno, western Kern, Kings, Madera, Merced, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, and Tulare counties. Activities mostly involve promoting broadband use.
You can read more about these consortia here.
Central Coast Broadband Consortium, $264,500 over five years. Monterey, Santa Cruz, and San Benito counties.
East Bay Broadband Consortium, $272,160 over three years. Alameda, Contra Costa, and Solano counties.
Tahoe Basin Project, $200,000 over two years. Focus is on the Tahoe Basin portions of Placer and Eldorado counties, but since broadband has to come from somewhere other than the middle of the lake, passing consideration is also given to the late, great County of Pautah.
More detail about what these three consortia plan to do is here.
North Bay/ North Coast Broadband Consortium ($250,000, two years), Marin, Mendocino, Napa and Sonoma counties.
Central Sierra Connect Broadband Consortium ($249,000, two years), Mariposa, Tuolumne, Calaveras, Amador and western Alpine counties.
Los Angeles County Regional Broadband Consortium ($600,000, two years). Represents most of Los Angeles County, via four sub-regions – Central /West Los Angeles, Gateway Cities, San Fernando Valley and South Bay.
A total of 15 groups originally applied for regional broadband consortia grants from the California Advanced Services Fund earlier this year. Programs in northeastern California (a combination of two previous consortia), eastern Kern County and the southern Central Coast region (San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara and Ventura counties) are still under review.
Tellus Venture Associates has worked with many of these consortia, in one capacity or another. I'm not a disinterested commentator, take it for what it's worth.
Independent projects are driving broadband infrastructure upgrades on California's central coast. Maybe not as universally or as quickly as local entrepreneurs would like, but it's happening. That was my message on Tuesday evening to the the Startup Monterey Bay Tech Meetup in Seaside.
I was asked to give an update on broadband development in the region. Those efforts center on the Central Coast Broadband Consortium (CCBC), an ad hoc group of local companies, agencies and other organisations in Monterey, San Benito and Santa Cruz counties that essentially have one thing in common: an interest in getting better, cheaper and more reliable broadband service in the region. Some of the work it does – primarily analytical and policy work – is funded by a broadband consortia grant from the California Public Utilities Commission.
Most of the region has substandard broadband service, earning a "D" grade or worse on a scale developed for the East Bay Broadband Consortium. More affluent and/or urbanised areas rate average, "C" grades, but in poorer and/or rural areas, consumers and businesses alike often struggle to get service that meets the CPUC's minimum standard for Internet access: 6 Mbps up and 1.5 Mbps down.
The good news is that change is coming. A 91-mile open access fiber route between Santa Cruz and Soledad is nearing completion. Built and operated by Sunesys, funded by the CPUC and spearheaded by U.C. Santa Cruz, that line will provide low cost, high capacity backhaul to broadband projects along the entire route: municipal systems in Santa Cruz, Watsonville and Salinas, an FTTH system in north Monterey County and, it seems likely, Charter Communications' CPUC-mandated digital upgrade of redlined, analog-only communities in the Salinas Valley.
Broadband by itself will not produce new ventures or jobs. It's up to the region's entrepreneurs, like those who were at Tuesday's Monterey Bay tech meetup, to build companies on top of that basic infrastructure. But at least there's now a fighting chance that it'll be there for them when they need it.
That's pretty much the speed of broadband too, in these regions.
Three more regional broadband consortia projects trickled onto the California Public Utilities Commission's agenda for next month. A draft resolution that, if approved, would give a total of $493,000 from the California Advanced Services Fund (CASF) to broadband consortia on the northern coast, the eastern Sierra and the San Joaquin Valley regions.
The Redwood Coast Connect Broadband Consortium, based at Humboldt State University, and the San Joaquin Valley Regional Broadband Consortium, based at Fresno State, are up for their second round of financing – each received $450,000 grants in the first round, which started in 2011.
The San Joaquin consortium would get $180,000 for a three year program that'll focus on digital literacy classes and broadband marketing efforts aimed at signing up 300 new Internet subscribers annually. The project will also work on improving connectivity and deployment of new technology in the health care and agricultural industries in the San Joaquin Valley. The region includes San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno, Kings and Tulare counties, and the western half of Kern County.
Three counties – Del Norte, Humboldt and Trinity – comprise the Redwood Coast region, and the focus there is on infrastructure deployment. Assuming the $208,000 grant is approved, the consortium will have two years of funding to work on the Digital 299 middle mile project, currently under review for a $51 million CASF infrastructure grant, as well as projects along U.S. 101between Eureka and Crescent City and in the Klamath River area. The consortium also plans to bird dog AT&T's planned – or at least promised – infrastructure upgrades.
The third group, the Inyo Mono Broadband Consortium, plans to produce maps, databases and other information that can be used by service providers to improve broadband access, and specifically to make greater use of the open access Digital 395 middle mile fiber route that runs the length of the region. They're up for a $105,000, two year grant. In the last round of CASF consortia grants, Inyo and Mono counties were included in the Eastern Sierra consortium with eastern Kern County; this time around the group split into two consortia.
The consortia grant proposal for eastern Kern County is still in the hopper along with eight other pending applications. A total of 15 consortia grant proposals were submitted in January. Three others were approved last month. Assuming commissioners approve these latest three grants, that'll mean it's taken nine months to process six grants, with no firm time table for the remaining nine. By contrast, the CPUC was able to process 14 consortia proposals – asking for twice the money – in less than six months during the 2011 round.
Update: the CPUC has posted a revised version of the draft resolution, you can see it here.
Urgency means different things to different people.
Three regional broadband consortia have a tentative okay for operating money from the California Advanced Services Fund. The California Public Utilities Commission is scheduled to vote on grants for the Central Coast Broadband Consortium, the East Bay Broadband Consortium and the Tahoe Basin Project at its 18 August 2016 meeting (assuming an email error on Tuesday by the CPUC doesn't delay it). Commissioners will be considering a draft resolution released on Tuesday that, if adopted, will approve the awards.
CCBC has been working on broadband development in San Benito, Monterey and Santa Cruz counties for more than 20 years. It received its first CASF consortia grant in 2011. That money paid for development of an online broadband development tool and policy initiatives, which in turn supported 20 infrastructure project proposals, about half of which were approved and are either completed or in progress. The new grant – $264,500 – would continue that work.
The proposal submitted by EBBC – for $272,160 – focuses on low cost and free computers, digital literacy programs and other efforts to increase broadband use, particularly in low income communities. The Tahoe consortium is also being recommended for its full grant request of $200,000 to continue working on last mile broadband projects – it has two in the hopper so far – and to clear the way for more mobile infrastructure and middle mile fiber construction.
The draft resolution is certainly welcome, not least by the consortia involved, but it still leaves a dozen grant proposals from consortia up and down California on hold. Assuming the commission makes a decision in August, it'll be more than six months since the applications were filed, and a year and a day since a bill authorising the money – carried by assemblyman Jim Wood (D – Healdsburg) – was unanimously approved by lawmakers.
With special status as urgency legislation. It's time to take the California legislature at its word.
I'm the project lead for CCBC, and EBBC and the Tahoe project are my clients. I'm not a disinterested commentator. Quite the contrary. Take it for what it's worth.
A community-based WiFi access initiative that I wrote about three years ago has hit some rough waters, according to a story in the Los Angeles Times. Manchester Community Technologies embarked on a project to get local businesses in economically depressed areas to share Internet connections and power a WiFi network managed by Manchester. Initially, they were serving 1,500 people a month, and running on a grant from the California Public Utilities Commission. But initial burst of volunteer enthusiasm faded along with the funding.
But today, most of those networks and hot spots don't link to the Internet.
In an initial survey late last year, The Times checked seven parks and 11 network locations, finding no Wi-Fi at any of them. A follow-up survey in March found network signals at three of the eight parks and 16 community locations but could not obtain a connection on any of them. The best results were on a section of Crenshaw Boulevard in Leimert Park where several businesses were broadcasting free Wi-Fi on a community network.
The money – about $500,000 according to the Times – came from the California Advanced Services Fund, via a regional broadband consortia grant. Pushing free WiFi out into low income communities is a nice idea, but without permanent subsidies from someone, it's not going to last.
It's easy to call Manchester's project a failure – because, evidently, it did fail – but if lessons were learned, documented and published, then it would also be a successful experiment. The freedom to fail is what gives Silicon Valley its entrepreneurial energy. It's not the failures who suffer in the long run, it's those who do not learn from the experience.
Funding for the regional broadband consortia that the California Public Utilities Commission approved four years ago has either expired or soon will. For most, that'll mean a gap in funding while proposals for new consortia grants are processed. A total of fifteen applications were filed by last month's deadline.
This new round of consortia grants was approved by the legislature last year and, like the last one, will be paid for via the California Advanced Services Fund.
Regional broadband consortia will be getting another $5 million from the California Advanced Services Fund (CASF), assuming governor Jerry Brown agrees. The state senate unanimously approved a bill yesterday that adds the money to the $10 million already allocated and largely spent by the 17 consortia that cover all but a handful of California's 58 counties (h/t to Gladys Palpallatoc at CETF for the heads up).
The California Public Utilities Commission starting approving consortia in 2011, after the program was established by the legislature in 2010. Different regions have different needs, with some, particularly in rural areas, focusing on developing broadband infrastructure and other, mostly in urban areas, pushing for greater broadband adoption.
Some consortia, such as the Central Coast and Redwood Coast groups, can trace their lineage back a decade or more. Many more were developed by the California Emerging Technology Fund as part of its mission to expand broadband availability and usage throughout the state. Others came in being once the money was available.
Most of the projects proposed over the past several years for infrastructure construction grants from CASF were helped along the way by consortia. A lot of ground breaking analytical and mapping work was also done.
The $5 million is coming out of the CASF broadband infrastructure loan fund. Originally set at $15 million, it's been tapped once already – also to the tune of $5 million – to fund broadband programs and facilities for public housing. With the governor's signature, it'll be down to $5 million.
But only three CASF loans, totalling $127,000, have been approved, versus dozens of infrastructure grants. Not surprising: money you don't have to pay back is more attractive than money you do. Even so, it could become more popular in the near future since the CASF grant account could be running dry in a few months, while the loan program is intended to live on as a revolving fund.
The future will look a lot like the past, because conduit is forever.
If you drive around southern England, or many parts of Europe, you'll realise that twenty-first century transportation patterns were, to an amazing degree, determined two thousand years ago by Roman civil engineers. Conduit construction runs by the same, unchanging rules. Future broadband deployment will be governed by decisions that have already been made, or are about to be made. We have to get it right the first time.
The future will look a lot like the present, only more of it.
As we move from 4G to 5G mobile networks over the next ten years, the number of access points and cell sites will grow exponentially. That's just one example. A bewildering array of personal devices, industrial processes and remote monitoring and control applications are already here and multiplying fast.
Ericsson's prediction of 50 billion connected mobile devices by 2020 is looking more and more pedestrian. And 50 billion devices in five years might turn into a trillion in 10 or 20 years. Wired and ad hoc wireless networks will support even more. That flood of data will be collected, correlated and turned around, to be used to manage our world, our lives and even our individual selves. The consequences are unknowable.
The $10.6 million grant from the California Public Utilities Commission was justified by the benefit delivered to the Salinas Valley — which is substantial, real and sufficient grounds for spending the money. But the most immediate benefit – maybe as soon as 2015 – is likely to be felt in Santa Cruz County, along the Soquel Drive corridor. Surfnet has approval for two Monterey County projects. Cruzio has publicly discussed its intention to use the Sunesys fiber to bring fast Internet to businesses and institutions along the way. The fiber will help light up Watsonville's muni fiber too – see below. Huge credit goes to Brad Smith and Jim Warner at U.C. Santa Cruz. They had a lot of help from the Central Coast Broadband Consortium, but bottom line, they're the guys that got it done.
2 – Santa Cruz County broadband policy initiative becomes reality.
Locally, 2014 has been a year more of delay than progress for the effort to rewrite Santa Cruz County's broadband infrastructure development policies. But that's often the way new public policy initiatives go – the first to go down a road tread carefull. The good news is there's an increasingly long line of other agencies, here on the central coast, in Silicon Valley and elsewhere in California, that are falling in behind, happy to let Santa Cruz County walk point but ready to jump in when the time is right.
Add in the fact that several projects are in the pipeline for 2015 and should also get a boost from the new rules, and the impact will be stunning.
1 – The local tech economy booms.
The emphasis by local governments on cutting red tape for companies and broadband projects alike, combined with fiber backbone projects in Watsonville and Hollister, the existing Suneys line between Santa Cruz and Santa Clara, and the extension to Soledad mentioned above, will stoke the already hot technology scene. Looker's expansion in downtown Santa Cruz, the mysterious Magic Leap virtual reality project there as well and the beginnings of a tech youth movement in Watsonville are just three examples.
Tech development goes where broadband flows, and broadband is flooding into the central coast. That'll drive the news in 2015.
Then there's the unpredictable: the best things tomorrow almost certainly will be things we have no way of knowing about today.


text:
Q: how to get the path of the StartUp project in Unit Test project? I am writing Unit Tests using NUnit. This is my Class under test looks like
public class CustomerService
{
 private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

 // ctor
 CustomerService(IConfiguration configuration)
 {
 }
}

Unit Test of the above class.
public class CustomerServiceTests
{
   private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

   CustomerServiceTests()
   {
      _configuration =  GetConfiguration();
   }

   public static IConfiguration GetConfiguration(string outputPath="")
    {
        return new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(outputPath)
                .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true)
                .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT") ?? "Production"}.json", optional: true)
                .Build();
    }

}

Now I need to get the path of the appsettings.json directory which is present in the StartUp (API) project
This is my how project directory looks like

*

*CustomerProject
-customer.api
-customer.services
-customer.services.test
How do I get the path of customer.api project which is containing the appsettings.json?

A: You can do:
public static string GetProjectPath(Type startupClass)
{
    var assembly = startupClass.GetTypeInfo().Assembly;
    var projectName = assembly.GetName().Name;
    var applicationBasePath = AppContext.BaseDirectory;
    var directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(applicationBasePath);
    do
    {
       directoryInfo = directoryInfo.Parent;

       var projectDirectoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(directoryInfo.FullName);
       if (projectDirectoryInfo.Exists)
       {
          var projectFileInfo = new FileInfo(Path.Combine(projectDirectoryInfo.FullName, projectName, $"{projectName}.csproj"));
          if (projectFileInfo.Exists)
          {
              return Path.Combine(projectDirectoryInfo.FullName, projectName);
          }
       }
    } while (directoryInfo.Parent != null);
}

Call it like:
var path = GetProjectPath(typeof(StartUp));

A: Instead of injecting IConfiguration into the controller you can do yourself a big favor by following the IOptions pattern. Then you can easily mock out the configuration that you want to pass to the controller in a unit test, without having to integration test with you appsettings.
See Options pattern in ASP.NET Core
There are also lots of example on how to set your IOptions in you unit tests, like this one Here
In general, if your unit tests needs to depend on some secondary artifact of the unit under test, you  are integration testing rather than unit testing. Those tests tend to be really hard to maintain an write.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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3rd February 2020, 16:04 | anti-doping
Gabe Hamlin banned for two years
Rugby League player Gabriel Hamlin has been suspended from all sport for a period of two years following an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV).
Mr Hamlin provided a urine sample In-Competition on 8 February 2019, following a Super League match between Wigan Warriors and Leeds Rhinos at the DW Stadium in Wigan. Analysis of Mr Hamlin's sample returned an Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) for benzoylecgonine, a metabolite of cocaine.
Pat Myhill, UK Anti-Doping Director of Operations said: "Cocaine is a dangerous drug with significant health risks, which has no place in sport.
"This case is another example of a metabolite of cocaine resulting in an athlete receiving a ban from sport. We realise that the length of sanctions for this substance can vary between cases, this is because of the specific sanctions laid out in the Anti-Doping Rules. The independent expert witness in this case ruled out the possibility that ingestion took place during the In-Competition period. This means that a possible four-year ban was reduced to two years.
"Athletes are solely responsible for what is in their system, regardless of how they claim it got there and whether there was an intention to cheat or not. It is quite simply not worth the risk."
Benzoylecgonine is listed under section S6a (Stimulants) of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 2019 Prohibited List. It is a non-Specified Substance and its presence in an athlete's system is prohibited In-Competition only.
Mr Hamlin was charged with violating Anti-Doping Rule Article 2.1 - "Presence of a Prohibited Substance or its Metabolites or Markers in an Athlete's Sample".
The period of ineligibility to be applied in accordance with Anti-Doping Rule Article 10.2.2 in these circumstances is two years.
Acknowledging Mr Hamlin's timely admission of the ADRV the period of ineligibility started on 8 February 2019 and will end on 7 February 2021.
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text:
package mains

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"os"

	"github.com/yuin/gopher-lua"
	"github.com/zetamatta/nyagos/functions"
	"github.com/zetamatta/nyagos/shell"
)

func printPrompt(ctx context.Context, sh *shell.Shell, L Lua) (int, error) {
	nyagosTbl := L.GetGlobal("nyagos")
	prompt := L.GetField(nyagosTbl, "prompt")
	if promptHook, ok := prompt.(*lua.LFunction); ok {
		// nyagos.prompt is function.
		L.Push(promptHook)
		L.Push(lua.LString(os.Getenv("PROMPT")))
		if err := execLuaKeepContextAndShell(ctx, sh, L, 1, 1); err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}

		length, ok := L.Get(-1).(lua.LNumber)
		L.Pop(1)
		if ok {
			return int(length), nil
		}
		return 0, errors.New("nyagos.prompt: return-value(length) is not a number")
	}
	var promptStr string
	if promptLStr, ok := prompt.(lua.LString); ok {
		promptStr = string(promptLStr)
	} else {
		promptStr = os.Getenv("PROMPT")
	}
	return functions.PromptCore(sh.Term(), promptStr), nil
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Cape TownAgent2020-01-07T14:18:20+11:00
Home > Destinations > Africa > South Africa > Cape Town
Dominated by the iconic Table Mountain and flanked by beautiful beaches, Cape Town is also home to the vibrant Victoria & Albert waterfront, the enchanting Kirstenbosch Botanic Garden and colourful, picturesque Bo-Kaap, once known as the Malay Quarter.
Furthermore, the warm, friendly people of Cape Town really make this city a standout destination. Cape Town's rich heritage is derived from a melting pot of San, Afrikaner, Dutch, British, French, Cape Malay and South Asian cultures, reflected in the delicious cuisine, the handsome architecture and the lively music scene found throughout the Mother City. The city is also blessed with a fantastic Mediterranean climate – sunny, dry and warm in summer, and moderately cold and wet in winter.
There are a plethora of things to do here. Hike or take the cable car to the summit of Table Mountain for sweeping views over Cape Town. Visit Robben Island and walk the cobblestone streets of Bo-Kaap for an insight into the city's past. Meet local communities while touring informal settlements around town or see the point where the Atlantic and Indian oceans meet.
Cape Town Highlights
Quite possibly Africa's most beautiful city
Presided over by iconic Table Mountain
Flanked by stunning beaches
Proudly multicultural and rich in history
Brimming with things to do from hiking to museums and shopping
Cape Town is a fabulous place to visit any time of year, with accommodation peaking in December when South African families go on holiday. Some rain can be expected in the winter months (late Jun-Aug); however, this is when the the southern right whales arrive along the coast and when wine-tasting by a crackling log fire will be high up on your list of must-dos.
Want to find out more about our South Africa safaris?
High on every South Africa visitor's to-do list, stunning Cape Town has it all. Discover the Mother City's vibrant waterfront, colourful Bo-Kaap neighbourhood, beaches and iconic Table Mountain from these fabulous hotels showcased for their fantastic locations. For information on additional accommodation not featured, please contact us.
African Elite Serviced Apartments
African Elite Serviced Apartments offers luxury accommodation in exclusive residential properties close to Cape Town's most popular landmarks.
The prestigious Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel nestles at the base of iconic Table Mountain, moments away from downtown Cape Town.
Right on Cape Town's historic V & A Waterfront, the elegant Cape Grace Hotel offers world-class facilities and outstanding service.
The One&Only Cape Town offers unrivalled luxury from its enviable location on the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront.
Queen Victoria Hotel & Manor House
Overlooking Cape Town's iconic V & A Waterfront, the Queen Victoria Hotel & Manor House is a stunning designer boutique property with five-star facilities.
Taj Cape Town
Situated in one of the most historic areas of Cape Town, Taj Cape Town is synonymous with the highest standards of service and style.
Located at the popular Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, The Commodore Hotel accommodates guests in 234 elegantly furnished rooms and suites with views of the harbour and Tale Mountain.
The Portswood Hotel
Experience Cape Town's rich history at the Portswood, whose lobby and restaurant are built around a 300-year old well and cells that held prisoners en-route to Robben Island.
Towering over Cape Town's vibrant V&A Waterfront, The Silo is a celebration of cutting edge architecture, contemporary art and modern luxury.
With iconic Chapman's Peak as a backdrop, award-winning Tintswalo Atlantic is perfectly positioned for explorations of beautiful Cape Town.
The classic Victoria & Alfred Hotel is a haven of old-world character and personalised service right on Cape Town's vibrant V & A Waterfront.
Featured Private South Africa Sample Itineraries
The following itineraries are just some of the many experiences that we can design for you. All of our tours are private, independent and tailor-made to your personal travelling requirements. Please contact us to begin customising your personalised South Africa experience.
Experience the very best of South Africa from vibrant Johannesburg and spectacular Cape Town to seeking out the 'Big 5' on safari and discovering the beautiful Cape Peninsula.
Essential South Africa and Victoria Falls by Rail
Experience an unforgettable safari in the Sabi Sand Private Reserves, be awed by Victoria Falls then journey aboard Rovos Rail back to Johannesburg.
Kruger and The Cape
Discover some of South Africa's best known attractions on this journey that begins with a big game safari in the world-renowned Sabi Sands and concludes in beautiful Cape Town.
South Africa Overview
Why travel to South Africa: Described as "a world in one country" South Africa is more than just a safari destination. The wildlife of Kruger and the many private reserves throughout the country are complemented by South Africa's fascinating history and diverse cultures, the beautiful coastline and majestic landscapes of the Cape.
When is the best time to view animals in South Africa? Gameviewing is best during the dry season (May-Oct); however the summer months are good for general touring and sightseeing.
What is the culture of South Africa? Many different cultures including Zulu, Swazi, Xhosa, Indian, Cape Malay and European. A unique cuisine, as well as distinct music and dance. Elegant Cape Dutch architecture.
What is the climate in South Africa? The inland plateau has a temperate climate (17°-30°C), whilst the coast is subtropical and more humid (22°-30°C). The seasons are the same as Australia, however most of the rain falls in summer. Winters are dry and sunny, but nights can be very cold. The Western Cape is the exception, with a "Mediterranean" climate – cool, wet winters and warm dry summers (17°-24°C).
What can I combine South Africa with?South Africa is easily combined with neighbouring Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Mozambique, Zambia or the nearby tropical island of Mauritius. Johannesburg is a very popular gateway to most of southern and eastern Africa.
How to get to South Africa?Many major airlines including South African Airways, Qantas, Etihad, Emirates, Kenya Airways, Qatar, Singapore Airways and British Airways fly into Johannesburg. There are also many regional airlines such as Air Botswana, and domestic carriers that service local cities such as Cape Town and the Kruger National Park area.
Do I need a Visa for South Africa? Please call us on 1300 363 302 or visit or FAQ page
Do I need vaccinations for South Africa? Please call us on 1300 363 302 or visit or FAQ page


Develop, implement and evaluate a community-based health promotion program to increase rates of healthy eating and exercise, and increased knowledge on sexual and reproductive health.
By 2020, the Ministry of Public Health and other stake holders will build a platform to support "Healthy living" among Guyanese women and subsequently increase expectancy of life, longevity and quality of life of our female population.
Provide information on contraception, safe sexual practices and offer HIV counseling and testing to all sexually active women.
Educating women to be more health aware and grounded in their own health responsibilities as well as their family.
Highlighting the need for women to be monitored for hypertension and Diabetes mellitus.
Promote prevention, early screening and treatment of breast and cervical cancer.
Provide information, education and counseling on all reproductive tract cancers in all health facilities.
Emphasize the voluntary HIV testing and counseling.
1. Strengthening health systems governance, organization and management based on primary health care approach.
2. Addressing the social and environmental determinants for improved health outcomes.
3. Reducing the burden of diseases.
4. Enhancing family and community health.
5. Leadership and management for results.
Healthier women of the population making changes to their disposition towards health, disease, gender based violence, drug abuse and sexually transmitted infections.


There is a notion that all you need for an audit is a credit card statement. According to this theory, no other receipt is necessary. This belief may not be true. I want to be perfectly clear: credit cards are not necessarily accepted as receipts. At an audit, one should provide two sides for most deductible expense transactions: a) record of payment and b) receipt for payment. A credit card statement is the record of payment only. Generally, you should also have a receipt. Some time ago one of my clients got audited. Her father is an attorney. He counseled her that all she had to do was present her credit card statements and those would serve as receipts. She called to tell me that I was wrong about credit card statements not being receipts. After all, her father was an attorney. I asked if her father was a tax attorney. The answer was that he wasn't. I told her that she had her choice: she could decide on her own what she wanted to do but I explained that logically a credit card statement couldn't explain what each entry represented. A receipt was needed to give the details of the purchase. For instance, one could buy something at a store that was tax deductible or buy something that wasn't. Without a receipt you couldn't show the detail that would prove what the item was. She chose to do what I said which was to provide the receipts along with the credit card statements. Her audit went well. At the end she asked the agent what would have happened if she had only provided credit card statements. The agent said that all of her deductions would have been denied.
There is a belief that you deduct your purchases as your pay off your credit card: This belief is incorrect. When you put a purchase on a credit card, the date you put it on it counts as the date of purchase. In essence you've taken a loan from the credit card company. As such for purposes of recording the transaction for tax purposes (for most taxpayers who are on the cash basis), the date you put this purchase on your credit card counts as the date you record it for tax purposes. Whether you pay the full amount of the purchase that month or not doesn't matter. The full amount of the purchase is reflected on the date of the purchase and thus will be included in the year of the purchase.
There is the idea that the way the credit cards organize your purchases on credit card statements is sufficient for doing your taxes. Many people would like organizing for taxes to have been done by the credit card company and so that they do not have to do any work. Unfortunately this isn't true for many of the entries. Let's look at some examples (and I'm using my credit card for the purpose giving examples; yours may be different): I changed some money abroad. The money changed was characterized as "other services". If this item were included in "legal and professional services" on the tax return, it could well be wrong. If the money was spent on food while away on a business trip, the exact amount would have to be entered under "meals and entertainment" or if on other travel expenses, it should go on "travel". One wouldn't use the total amount. Another example is that I renewed the service coverage for a computer. It was characterized as "merchandise". It is not merchandise. It's a service contract and should get characterized as such.Unfortunately, one can't rely on credit card statements to do the bookkeeping work that being in business requires. Each entry on a credit card statement should be entered on a software program such as QuickBooks or on Excel into the categories that are relevant for your business. You can use the expense list categories given elsewhere on this website for your organizational purposes.


Juan Zapata is still the only official candidate for Miami-Dade mayor in 2020 — and he is making the most of holding all the dance cards: His campaign got a big head start last week with an interview on Univision's local Channel 23.
The former commissioner was interviewed by Erika Carrillo, the same reporter who was new to Univision when she scooped everyone on the story someone at the county fed her about Zapata — who was the mayor's biggest critic and budget ball buster — taking Harvard classes paid by taxpayers.
Of course, it wasn't that cut and dry. Zapata took the same course some other commissioners, including Jean Monestime, had taken. When he extended the course, the county was automatically charged. He always intended to pay for it himself, however, and reimbursed the county immediately.
But the damage was done to one of Miami-Dade Mayor Carlos Gimenez's biggest critics and main challenger on the dais. And Zapata ended up dropping out of his 2015 re-election campaign, disgusted with it all and frustrated with his attempts to reform our county government.
He may find himself fighting some of those same "people" again, as the growing list of possible mayoral wannabes include three of his former colleagues: Commissioners Esteban Bovo, Daniella Levine-Cava — which the station mistakenly identified as Cuban-American — and Xavier Suarez. Rounding out the list of names that have been floated are former Miami-Dade Mayor Alex Penelas, former Lt. Gov. Carlos Lopez-Cantera and former Congressman Carlos Curbelo.
And we're almost two years out. No wonder Zapata is campaigning already.
He told Carrillo that he would be able to raise the money he needs to wage a positive campaign that is "looking to the future." But, judging from the almost 3-minute interview, he is going to bring up the mistakes of the past.
Zapata always voted against the half cent tax deviation and said that his mission as mayor would be to reform county government, particularly the transit department.
And he promised not to give his favorite lobbyists and campaign people juicy jobs and contracts.
About the Harvard episode, which will likely come up in the campaign because that's all opponents will have on Zap, the former commissioner is obviously owning the misstep and that's refreshing in politics.
"I learned from that experience," Zapata said, adding that the Miami-Dade Ethics Commission found nothing wrong and that, before he left the commission, he passed an ordinance clarifying the limits of those funds.
"I think the citizens know that I had every intention [to pay]," he said.
3 Responses to "Juan Zapata's 2020 mayoral bid starts with Univision TV interview"
Too many candidates with no real issue means big-time mudslinging and favorite is going to be the one with the least baggage and the most expensive campaign.
The unions may be the wild card.
Daniela Cava looks to be the best candidate. She is super smart and an excellent speaker. Hope Miami-Dade County voters are ready for a female Mayor.
The truth of the matter is that the only one that will have balls to get rid of all of Gimenez's cronies is Juan Zapata. All of the others will keep the status quo moving forward.


Going to bed every night with a large contraption strapped to your head might, to some, sound ridiculous.
But advances in neuroscience and consumer electronics have led to a slew of 'brain gadgets' that promise to improve the way you sleep and dream.
These devices come in various shapes and sizes and many are backed with actual scientific studies proving their actual worth.
However, whereas most sleep tracking devices only allow you to passively monitor your sleep behavior, many of the new 'neuro-gadgets' also offer features to actively improve your well-being.
This new wave of sleep technology is part of a larger 'brain-hacking' movement, whereby both scientists and amateur DIY enthusiasts are attempting to enhance the capabilities of the human brain using cutting edge technology and even smart drugs.
Some of these techniques have been criticised for being dangerous or irresponsible, such as the use of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) which involves passing small electric currents directly to the scalp in order to stimulate the neurons in the brain.
Thankfully however, the sleep-related neuro-gadgets we're covering here all involve much less invasive techniques such as light and sound to stimulate the brain, or, as in the case of the Fisher Wallace device they have gained medical approval.
So, enough of the background, let's take a look at five brain gadgets that promise to improve your sleep or dreams.
This is the only brainwave gadget that is FDA cleared to help with depression, anxiety, and insomnia.
It's marketed as an alternative to drug treatment and can be safely used with other medication. The key thing it does is increase serotonin, GABA and endorphins ('feel good' hormones) by sending low level electrical signals to the brain.
Increasing these chemicals in the brain is said to improve mood and sleep.
The device has to be prescribed in many areas so it is always best to see your doctor and get their opinion if this is something that may work for you or not.
This gadget is super simple to use. In brief terms, you wet the sponge applicators, put them just above the sideburn area on your head, connect the wires to them, put the headband on to hold them there, then turn on the attached remote the wires are connected to.
That is it. The Fisher Wallace will turn off itself after 20 min. which is considered one daily session.
Want to dream more? Want to be able to remember those dreams? What about control them? The Aurora by iWinks claims to be able to do just that.
The Aurora senses your sleep patterns through the headband that connects to their free app on your smartphone. It detects that you are in REM sleep (when you dream) and sends light cues to enable lucid dreaming, helping you to remember and control your dreams.
1.5;">Knowing this allows you to control your dream, plus more likely to remember it afterwards. It also can be set to wake you at the most optimal time so you feel refreshed in the morning and remember those dreams.
For more info, check out the Sleep Junkies interview with the inventor of the Aurora and CEO of iWinks, Daniel Schoonover.
Dreem is a wearable headband, designed to improve sleep quality. Rythm, a Paris based 'neurotechnology' company recently secured a whopping $11 million in funding to develop their sleep-improving headband.
Dreem distinguishes itself by focussing on enhancing deep, or slow-wave sleep, rather than REM.
The Dreem detects your sleep stages using EEG sensors, and then uses vibration (rather than headphones) to send audio signals which sychronize with your brainwaves. The result, they claim, is improved sleep, plus better focus, alertness, memory, and performance.
The Dreem is also a brand new product and is shipping its first products in June 2016 to a limited number of users.
Having trouble falling asleep? The SleepCogni has helped 50% of the subjects it was tested on to find sleep faster according to their kickstarter webpage.
This brainwave gadget is not a headband either. It is more like a lamp that you look at as you are falling asleep, or at least while you are trying!
The device has a sensor that you put on your finger to detect your heart rate and as you relax, a series of different lights and sounds come on the device to help you drift off into slumber land. There are some great "natural" methods to go about this also.
It also can act as sunrise simulator in the mornings to help you wake up. Studies have shown that sun light helps people wake up easier. Therefore, if you have a dark room or you wake up usually before dawn, the SleepCogni claims to help.
It is still uncertain when the SleepCogni will be released. Their kickstarter campaign ended in December, 2015. It is predicted to come out sometime this year (2016).
This sleep gadget actively monitor your brainwaves all night long and make adjustments by giving your brain small auditory cues while you are falling asleep and while you are still asleep.
The Sleep Shepherd, a wide headband that's worn at night, utilises something called 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01248/full">binaural beats, essentially two simple tones played in each ear at different pitches. This, according to the makers can entrain your brainwaves to induce the optimum frequency for restful sleep.
In-built EEG sensors track your sleep state and adjust the tones accordingly in a patented 'biofeedback' system. Another Kickstarter product, the Sleep Shepherd raised over $600k before the campaign ended.
I am waiting for another Zeo type of product that can give me a brain wave reading. I still wonder why this is still not readily available?


Davis later applied for head custodian jobs at seven schools in the district but was rejected. His claims against the district included racial discrimination and retaliation for filing the discrimination claim.
The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals on Monday upheld a lower court's award of summary judgment dismissing the lawsuit. The appeals court said Davis failed to prove he was the victim of retaliation.


Covenant Health was formed on November 27, 2008, and we now celebrate Legacy Day on November 27 each year to honour our heritage and recognize the contributions of our founding Sisters. The hard work and compassionate ministry of these women established health care in Alberta, and Covenant Health carries on that legacy of Catholic health care in the communities we serve. The Sisters' values of courage, drive, determination and compassion continue to inform our work today.
Covenant Health gathered with the Catholic community on September 28, 2011 to honour the legacy of the Catholic Sisters in Alberta. Premier Ed Stelmach unveiled a monument to recognize the contributions of the Sisters who touched the lives of so many Albertans.
Service through Christ is the name of the monument that honours the Catholic Sisters' legacy of care and compassion carried on by others today. Together, Bishop David Motiuk and Archbishop Richard Smith blessed the monument that bears the names of 74 congregations who were founders of health care, education and social services in Alberta.


text:
Q: android.widget.LinearLayout cannot be cast to android.widget.TableRow I'm trying to add row to tablelayout. But android.widget.LinearLayout cannot be cast to android.widget.TableRow error's occuring.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    tools:context="com.example.khash.santotootsoolol.MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <HorizontalScrollView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:scrollbars="horizontal"
        android:fillViewport="true">

    <TableLayout
        android:id="@+id/table_result"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent">

        <TableRow>
            <TextView
                android:text="Date"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:padding="10dp"
                android:background="@drawable/table_header"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"/>

            <TextView
                android:text="Payment"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:padding="10dp"
                android:background="@drawable/table_header"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"/>

            <TextView
                android:text="Remainder"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:padding="10dp"
                android:background="@drawable/table_header"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"/>

            <TextView
                android:padding="10dp"
                android:text="Interest"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:background="@drawable/table_header"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white" />

        </TableRow>

    </TableLayout>

    </HorizontalScrollView>

</LinearLayout>

and my activity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TableLayout tableLayout = null;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        tableLayout = (TableLayout)findViewById(R.id.table_result);
        TableRow tr = (TableRow)LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.table_row, null);
        tableLayout.addView(tr);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);}
}

my custom table row is
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:weightSum="4"
    android:layout_marginBottom="3dp">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_pay_date"
        android:text="7/31/2017"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_monthly_payment"
        android:text="13,933,700"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_remainder_payment"
        android:text="125,403,300"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_interest"
        android:text=""
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

</LinearLayout>

I'm changed linear layout and inflater but error is still occured. Or i can't inflate custom layout in table layout?

A: Try this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TableRow xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:weightSum="4"
    android:layout_marginBottom="3dp">

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_pay_date"
    android:text="7/31/2017"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_monthly_payment"
    android:text="13,933,700"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_remainder_payment"
    android:text="125,403,300"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_interest"
    android:text=""
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="@drawable/table_row_item"/>

</TableRow>

Hope this helps.


Objectives: The aim of the study was to characterize the enteral feeding practices in infants after gastrointestinal surgery.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of infants who underwent intestinal surgery at age <6 months who survived to be fed enterally between January 2012 and June 2017. Demographics, surgical characteristics, feeding practices, and growth-related outcomes during hospitalization, discharge, and follow-up (3, 6, and 12 months) were obtained from the electronic medical records. Descriptive statistics compared infants by their initial diagnosis.
Results: We reviewed 111 infants: necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) = 21, gastroschisis = 28, atresia = 27, spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) = 18, and other diagnoses = 17. Most infants (77%) received mother's milk (MM) as the first postoperative feed, but this differed by diagnosis (P = 0.004). Donor milk was used in 11%, most commonly in infants with NEC and SIP. Infants with NEC were least likely to continue MM in the hospital (7%, P = 0.0014) and were more likely to receive elemental formula. Only 44% of infants received MM at discharge. After 1 year, 25% were fed MM. The majority of infants were discharged with feeding tubes (nasogastric: 35%, gastric: 23%). Although all groups had acceptable weights at discharge, infants with NEC (z score: −1.8) and SIP (z score: −1.1) showed growth failure at 3 months (z scores: −3.3, −3.2, respectively, P < 0.0001), but had appropriate gain by 1 year (z scores: −1.1, −1.7, respectively).
Conclusions: Despite most infants receiving MM in the early postoperative period, <50% at discharge and only 33% at 1-year still received MM. Weight gain after discharge in infants with NEC and SIP warrants close monitoring.
‡Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Darla R. Shores, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600N. Wolfe Street CMSC 2-116, Baltimore, MD 21287 (e-mail: dshores1@jhmi.edu).
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition68(2):264-271, February 2019.


text:
New Holsworthy NHS dental practice has state-of-the-art equipment
Published: 10:27 AM October 7, 2009 Updated: 4:00 PM November 7, 2020
PEOPLE in the Holsworthy area are benefiting from thousands of extra NHS dental places following the opening of a new dental practice in the town.Holsworthy NHS Dental Care has a surgery in Bodmin Street and can provide NHS dental places for more than 3
PEOPLE in the Holsworthy area are benefiting from thousands of extra NHS dental places following the opening of a new dental practice in the town.
Holsworthy NHS Dental Care has a surgery in Bodmin Street and can provide NHS dental places for more than 3,000 patients.
Andrew Harris, who manages dentistry provision in Devon, said he was pleased to be able to provide new dental places.
"It is great news that more people in Holsworthy will be able to see an NHS dentist," he said.
"We have been working hard to reach a point where nobody in Devon has to wait for an NHS dentist and the extra 3,000 places will go a long way to achieving this."
Patients at the new practice benefit from state-of-the-art diagnostic equipment including LED fibre-optic illumination and a computerised digital imaging network for intra-oral photographs and radiographs. There is also a central decontamination and sterilisation facility designed to the very latest Department of Health standards.
1 Developer 'lost for words' as town council rejects £20m Bideford wharf plans
2 Murder enquiry launched at Northam after death of elderly woman
3 Devon's Tiki surf brand is up for sale
4 Tributes to Ilfracombe's 30-year school governor
5 Northam murder suspect remanded in custody
6 I'm Still Standing: Ambulance worker's battle against the darkness
7 Barnstaple's The ilab launches iPad appeal to help lockdown home schoolers
8 Council and police step up Covid enforcement in North Devon
9 Roger McGough unveiled as Plough Poetry Prize judge
10 Three more Covid deaths at North Devon District Hospital but cases are falling
Holsworthy NHS Dental Care is the first dental practice in Britain to have a digital X-ray scanner using imaging technology developed at the European particle physics laboratory at Cern in Switzerland. This equipment which will take 300 individual images a second in a single scan, uses a cadmium telluride sensor to convert all this detailed information into a complete diagnostic picture which is up to 300 per cent clearer than conventional systems.
Patients who wish to join the new dental practice can only do so by contacting the NHS Dental helpline on 0845 002 0034.
Alternatively they can email their details to devondentalhelpline@nhs.net or write to: Devon Dental Helpline, Devon Dental, PO Box 524, Exeter, EX2 8PF including their full name, address, date of birth and telephone number for each patient wishing to join the practice.
Covid-19: Follow the spirit of lockdown says police chief
New series of Devon and Cornwall focuses on the Ilfracombe coastline


text:
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          'pariah',
          'blackstar',
          'boni',
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text:
Морфологија је део лингвистике који проучава унутрашњу структуру речи. (Речи као јединица у лексикону се проучавају у оквиру лексикологије). Док се речи уопште прихватају (са клитикама) као најмање синтаксичке јединице, јасно је да у многим (ако не свим) језицима, речи могу бити повезане са другим речима по неким правилима. Нпр., говорник српског језика види уску повезаност између речи "ловац", "ловина" и "ловочувар". Српски говорник, такође, примећује да се ови односи могу формулисати као правила која се онда примењују на велики, веома велики број речи. Ловац наспрам ловци је исто што и шума наспрам шуме, или енциклопедија наспрам енциклопедије; ловац наспрам ловочувар је исто што и брава наспрам бравар. Правило у првом случају је формирање множине, а у другом творба речи помоћу творбених морфема. Ови односи осликавају специфична правила по којима се речи праве од мањих јединица, и како те мање јединице саделују у говору. На овај начин морфологија проучава та правила.

Историјат
Морфолошка анализа датира од античке индијског лингвисте Пањинија који је формулисао 3.959 правила санскритске морфологије у тексту -{AStadhyayi}- користећи "саставну граматику." Грчко-романска граматичка традиција такође је користила морфолошке анализе.

Основни концепти

Лексеме и облици речи
Термин "реч" је широк и широке употребе. Да се вратимо на пример ловац наспрам ловци. На један начин, ово су две исте речи (означавају човека који се бави ловом, разлика је само у броју, тј. множини), али су исто тако на један начин и различите (не можете их употребити у истим реченицама а да не промените остале речи како бисте их уклопили, нпр.: глагол "јесам" у реченицама "Ловац је задовољан" и "Ловци су задовољни").

Разлика између ова два значења "речи" је стално под питањем и главна је у морфологији. Прво значење речи "реч", оно које је ловац и ловци иста реч, зове се лексема. Оно друго зове се облик речи. Каже се да су ловац и ловци два облика исте речи, исте лексеме. Ловац и ловочувар су, на другој страни, две различите лексеме. Нпр., односе се на различите ентитете. Облик речи који се у зависности од ситуације бира зове се лема, или -{citation form}-.

Прозодијски облик речи наспрам морфолошког
Постоји још једна компликација при коришћењу термина "реч" у лингвистици: морфолошка реч не одговара увек прозодијској речи (која се често зове фонолошка реч). Овај проблем захтева разликовање између врста речи. За скоро све језике, урођена граматичка традиција и модерна лингвистика препознају/разликују лексеме које припадају различитим лексичким класама, као што су "именица" или "глагол".

Неки језици садрже, као енглески, облике као што је -{he's}-. -{He's}- комбинује глагол и заменицу, а то није постојећи члан неке категорије. -{He's}- није морфолошка категорија речи, па ипак задржава право да буде фонолошка реч. Апостроф "s" је аломорф облика "is" глагола "to be" у енклитичком споју претходној заменици.

Ево још неких примера из других језика који осликавају немогућност подударања фонолошког и морфолошког облика речи. На латинском, један од начина да се изрази спој "именска синтагма 1 и именска синтагма 2" (као у "јабуке и наранџе") је да се суфиксира са -{'-que'}- друга од две именске синтагме/именске речи: "јабуке наранџе-и" где "que=и". Екстремни ниво овог проблема представљају неке фонолошке речи из Кваквала језика. На Кваквала, као и у другим језицима, односно значење између именица, укључујући значење посесије и "семантички случај", формулисани су афиксима уместо независним речима. Енглеска фраза од три речи, -{"with his club"}-, где -{"with"}- идентификује своју односну именску реч као инструмент а -{"his"}- означава однос посесије, састојала би се од две или једне речи у другим језицима. Али афиксација у семантичким односима у Кваквала разликује се драматично од афиксације у другим језицима: афикси се фонолошки не везују за лексеме на које се семантички односе, него на претходне лексеме.

Додатне поруке
 вршилац-детерминатор означава ентитен на коме се нешто ради
 детерминатори су речи као "the", "this", "that".
 концепт основног детерминатора је теоријски конструкт који није релевантан за дискусију.

Тако ова фраза Кваквала не садржи облике као "him-the-otter" или "with-his-club", неки маркери –i-da (PIVOT- "the") који се односе на човека везују се за глагол, а маркери –x-a (ACCUSATIVE- "the") који се односе на "видра" везују се за човека.

Флексија наспрам творбе речи

Могуће је разликовати два основна морфолошка процеса. Неки од тих процеса односе се на различите облике исте лексеме, док се друга правила односе на две различите лексеме. Процеси прве врсте зову се флексија, а друге деривација. Српска множина, илустрована у примеру "ловац" и "ловци", представља флексију. Облик као "ловочувар" јесте пример деривације или творбе речи. Разлика је у томе што у првом случају имамо различите облике исте речи, а у другом добијамо нову реч.

Постоји даља дистинкција између више врста творбе речи: 1. слагање или композиција – творба речи помоћу срастања двеју или више посебних речи, односно њихових творбених основа у једну реч (нпр.: југ+о+исток = југоисток); 2. извођење (деривација у ужем смислу)представља примере суфиксације постојеће лексеме. Пример: поштапа + лица = поштапалица; 3. префиксација је додавање префикса на творбену основу: не + основано = неосновано; 4. комбинована творба је настанак нове речи додавањем и префикса и суфикса: до + колен + ица = доколеница; 5. претварање (конверзија) јесте процес промене врсте речи без додавања творбених афикса: добро (именица од придева), Дивна (именица од придева), пут (предлог од именице), летећи (придев од глагола).

Парадигме и морфосинтакса

Парадигма је комплетан сет повезаних облика речи дате лексеме. Познати примери парадигми јесу конјугације глагола и деклинације именица. Парадигма може бити подељена у табеле по колонама која одговара свакој појединачној флективној категорији. Нпр, личне заменице у српском могу бити организоване у табеле по категоријама: лице, број, род и падеж. Непроменљиве категорије коришћене за групацију облика речи у парадигми не могу бити изабрани отприлике, то морају бити категорије релевантне у односима датог језика. Нпр., лице и број су категорије које могу бити коришћене у парадигмама у српском језику, зато што он има правило које захтева да се глагол у реченици појави у облику који одговара лицу и броју субјекта. Другим речима синтаксичка правила брину у српском о разлици између ловац и ловци, зато што овај облик одређује у ком ће облику бити глагол. Али за разлику од овог нема синтаксичког правила које контролише разлику ловац и ловочувар, зато што су обе именице и понашају се као било које именице.

Важна разлика између облика лексеме и сложенице је то да променљиви облици речи бивају организовани у парадигме, које су дефинисане захтевима синтаксичких правила, а правила сложеница нису ограничена одговарајућим захтевима синтаксе. Стога су деривација и флективни облици речи важни за парадигму, а слагање и сложенице нису. Део морфологије који покрива односе између синтаксе и морфологије зове се морфосинтакса и брине се променама и парадигмом, не и деривацијом у ширем смислу, па ни слагањем.

Аломорфи
У енглеском језику морфолошка правила описана су аналогијом између облика: -{dog-dogs}- као cat-cats и dish-dishes. У овом случају аналогија се односи на форму и на значење речи, прва значи "један од х" а друга "два или више од х", и разлика је увек облик множине са суфиксом -s на другој речи, сингналишући кључну разлику између једнине и множине.

Један од највећих извора сложености у морфологији је овакав један на један однос између облика и значења који није увек применљив на све облике у овом језику. У енглеском имамо парове ox/oxen, goose/geese, sheep/sheep, где је разлика између једнине и множине сигналисана на начин који се разликује од регуларне шеме, или уопште није сигналисан. Чак и случајеви са-s који се сматрају "регуларним" нису тако једноставни: -s у dogs не изговара се на исти начин као –s у cats, и у плуралу као dishes, где се појављује "додатни" вокал испред –s. Ови случајеви, где је иста дистинкција учињена алтернативним облицима "речи", зове се аломорфија.

Фонолошка правила регулишу који глас се може појавити после ког у језику, а морфолошка правила, ако би се примењивала лепо, би често нарушавала фонолошка правила. Нпр., облик регуларне множине од dish је dish+s= dishs што није дозвољено фонотактиком у енглеском. Да би "спасио" реч вокал се убацује. Слична правила се примењују и код примера dogs и cats, тј. р азликују се по звучности/безвучности финалне фонеме.

Лексичка морфологија
Лексичка морфологија је грана морфологије која се бави речником, који морфолошки гледан, представља колекцију лексема у језику. Као таква, брине се примарно о деривацији (у ужем смислу) и слагању.

Модели (облици) морфологије
Постоје три принципална приступа морфологији, где сваки покушава да уочи разлике споменуте изнад на више начина. То су:
 базирање на морфемама, која користи јединица -и- слагање (сложеност).
 базирање на лексемама, која користи јединица -и- процес
 базирање на речима, која користи реч -и- парадигма приступ.

Морфологија базирана на морфемама
Овде се облици речи анализирани као склоп морфема. А морфеме као минималне смисаоне јединице језика. У речи independently, видимо да су морфеме in-, depend, -ent, -ly; depend је корен а остале морфеме, у овом случају, деривациони афикси. У речи dogs, ово dog је корен, а –s је инфлективна морфема.
Овакав приступ је први који почетници у морфологији примењују најчешће. Применљива и присутна до тог нивоа да се мисли да је морфолошко проучавање недовољно без морфема. Анализирање речи као секвенци морфема је један од начина у морфологији, али не и једини. Данас ово није доминантан приступ.

Морфологија базирана на лексемама
Уместо анализирања облика речи као састављеног од морфема, облик речи је резултат примењивања правила која мењају облик речи како би произвели нови. Деклинационо, флективно правило захвата корен, у овом случају, основни облик и ствара облике речи; деривационо правило ствара деривате, правило слагања ствара сложенице, односно систем сложеница, деривата, итд.

Морфологија базирана на речима
Ова теорија третира парадигму као централну појаву. Уместо да примењује како су речи комбинације морфема или облици речи генерисани, морфологија базирана на речима примећује генерализације које држе заједно облике променљиве парадигме. Главна чињеница из овог приступа је да многе од тих генерализација није могуће приметити без примене остала два приступа. Примери се често наводе из физионих језика, где дато "парче" речи, које би се по првој теорији звало флективна морфема, одговара комбинацији граматичких категорија, нпр., "треће лице множине".

Теорија базирана на морфемама нема проблема са овом ситуацијом, јер каже да дата морфема има две категорије. Друга теорија, би с друге стране, често посустала у оваквим случајевима, јер често претпоставља да је овде реч од два различита правила; једно за треће лице, друго за плурал, али се разлика међу њима показала вештачком. Реч –и- парадигма приступ третира као целе речи које се односе једна на другу правилима аналогије. Речи се могу категоризовати у зависности од шеме у којој се уклапају. Ово се да применити и на постојеће и на нове речи. Примена шеме различита од оно која се историјски користила може дати "степен више" новој речи, као што older замењује elder (јер први прати регуларно грађење компаратива) и cows замењује kine (јер је прво регуларни облик множине). Док реч –и- парадигма приступ лако објашњава ово, други приступи имају потешкоће са оваквим феноменима.

Морфолошка типологија
У 19. веку, филолози су предложили нову класификацију језика према њиховој морфологији. Према овој типологији неки језици су "изолативни", немају или имају мало морфологије; други су "аглутинативни" и њихове речи теже томе да имају више лако-издвојивих морфема; док су остали флективни или фузиони, јер њихове флективне морфеме се често удружују (фузија). Ово води једној комплексној морфеми која носи више "парчета" информација. Класичан пример "изолативних" језика је кинески; класичан пример "аглутинативних" језика је турски; латински и грчки су пример фузионих језика.

Узимајући у обзир различитост светских језика постаје јасно да ова класификација не може одговарати сваком. Три модела морфологије изгледа да покушавају да анализирају језике тако да више или мање одговарају различитим категоријама у овој типологији. Јединица -и- склоп приступу природно одговарају аглутинативним језицима, док јединица -и- процес и реч -и- парадигма одговарају фузионим језицима.
Имајте на уму да класична типологија скоро увек се да применити на флективну морфологију. Мало је фузија које иду са деривацијом. Језици могу бити класификовани и као синтетички или аналитички у зависности од начина изражавања који нису у вези са флективним: било користећи деривацију (синтетички), или користећи синтаксичке фразе (аналитички).

Види још
 Деклинација
 Потенцијална реч

Литература
 Bauer, Laurie.. Introducing linguistic morphology (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.
 Bubenik, Vit.. An introduction to the study of morphology. LINCON coursebooks in linguistics, 07. Muenchen: LINCOM Europa.
 Haspelmath, Martin.. Understanding morphology. London: Arnold (co-published by Oxford University Press).
 Katamba, Francis.. Morphology. Modern linguistics series. New York: St. Martin's Press.  (hb).  (pbk).
 Matthews, Peter.. Morphology (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.  (hb).  (pbk).
 Spencer, Andrew, & Zwicky, Arnold M. (Eds.). The handbook of morphology. Blackwell handbooks in linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell.
 Живојин Станојчић, Љубомир Поповић, "Граматика српскога језика", Београд 1995.

Граматика
Лингвистичка морфологија

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