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Internet sales-tax debate heats up
From staff and wire reports
An increasingly thorny debate being waged among state legislatures and internet-based retailers could have huge implications for schools, as the sinking economy threatens to undermine education programs.
With the recession pummeling states' budgets, many state lawmakers want to fill the gaps by collecting taxes on internet sales, which continue to grow even as the economy shudders. And such proposals are sparking conflicts with companies that do business only online and have enjoyed being able to offer sales-tax-free shopping.
One of the most aggressive states, New York, is being sued by Amazon.com Inc. over a new requirement that online companies must collect taxes on shipments to New York residents, even if the companies are located elsewhere. New York's governor also wants to tax songs downloaded from internet services such as iTunes.
The amount of money at stake nationwide is unclear; online sales were expected to make up about 8 percent of all retail sales in 2008 and total $204 billion, according to Forrester Research. That's up from $175 billion in 2007.
Based on that 2008 figure, Forrester analyst Sucharita Mulpuru says her rough estimate is that if online retailers had to collect taxes on all sales to consumers, it could generate $3 billion in new revenue for state and local governments–some of which would trickle down to schools.
It's unclear how much more could come from unpaid sales taxes on internet transactions between businesses as well. But even with both kinds of taxes available, state budgets would need more help. The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities estimates that the states' budget gaps in the current fiscal year will total $89 billion.
Collecting online sales taxes is not as simple as it might sound. A nationwide internet business faces thousands of tax-collecting jurisdictions–states, counties, and cities–and tangled rules about how various products are taxed.
And a 1992 U.S. Supreme Court ruling said that states can't force businesses to collect sales taxes unless the businesses have operations in that state. The court also said Congress could lift the ban, which remains in place–for now.
As a result, generally only those businesses with a "physical presence" in a state–such as a store or office building–collect sales tax on products sent to buyers in the same state. For instance, a Californian buying something from Barnes & Noble Inc.'s web site pays sales tax, because the bookseller has stores in the Golden State. Buying the same thing directly from Amazon.com would not ring up sales tax.
That doesn't mean products purchased online from out-of-state companies are necessarily tax-free. Consumers are usually supposed to self-report taxes on these items. This is called a use tax, but not surprisingly, it tends to go unreported.
In hopes of unraveling the complex tax rules–and bringing states, and their schools, more money–22 states and many brick-and-mortar retailers support the efforts of a group called the Streamlined Sales Tax Governing Board. The group is getting states to simplify and make uniform their numerous tax rates and rules, in exchange for a crack at taxing online sales.
Among other things, participating states need to change how they define things such as "food" and "clothing." For example, one state might now consider a T-shirt clothing and tax it as such, while another might consider it a sporting good and tax it differently.
In response, more than 1,100 retailers have registered with the streamlining group and are collecting sales taxes on items shipped to states that are part of the agreement–even if they are not legally obligated to.
The streamlining board also is lobbying Congress to let the participating states do what the Supreme Court ruling banned: They could force businesses to collect taxes on sales made to in-state customers, even if the businesses don't have a physical presence there.
New Jersey, Michigan, and North Carolina are among the largest of the 19 states that have adjusted their tax laws to fully comply with the group's streamlined setup. Washington was the only state to join in 2008, but three more states are close to becoming full members of the group. And Scott Peterson, the group's executive director, expects another seven states–including Texas, Florida, and Illinois–to introduce legislation this month that would make them eligible to join.
Undoing the patchwork can be difficult, even if the weak economy increases states' motivation to go after online sales taxes. Similar bills have been introduced in several states and failed, sometimes because of the cost of changing tax laws. New York, for example, decided against joining the streamlining board because it would require extensive revisions to its tax rules.
Besides various states and retailers such as Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Borders Group Inc., and J.C. Penney Co. — the National Retail Federation, the industry's biggest trade group, also supports the Streamlined Sales Tax group.
Companies that handle internet-only sales have organized as well. NetChoice, whose members include eBay Inc. and online discount retailer Overstock.com Inc., supports the states' tax simplification efforts, but its executive director, Steve DelBianco, says online retailers should have to collect taxes only in states where they have a physical presence.
But what if the meaning of "physical presence" is changed? New York essentially did that in April when its budget included a provision requiring online retailers like Amazon to collect taxes on purchases made by New Yorkers.
The new rule requires retailers to collect sales tax if they solicit business in New York by paying anyone within the state for leading customers to them. Because some web site operators within New York are compensated for posting ads that link to sites like Amazon, the online retailers would have to collect taxes.
Matt Anderson, a spokesman for the New York State Division of the Budget, said the state expects to reap $23 million during the current fiscal year, which ends March 31, from newly collected online sales taxes.
That's a sliver of the overall state budget for the same period, which is $119.7 billion. The state faces a total revenue gap of $1.7 billion.
Still, revenues that size could help in a region that, in an effort to make ends meet, reportedly asked its state university campuses to slash 10 percent from their operating budgets last fall.
Anderson said New York wants "to level the playing field and end the unfair competitive advantage" that web-only companies have over brick-and-mortar stores that can't avoid collecting sales taxes.
Amazon complies, and it collects sales taxes on shipments to New York. However, Amazon is still fighting the rule. It sued New York in April, alleging its provision is unconstitutional. Amazon also said it is being specifically targeted by the law. The case is still pending, and Amazon declined further comment.
Salt Lake City-based Overstock is also suing New York over the law. Unlike Amazon, Overstock is not collecting sales tax in New York, because it ended agreements with about 3,400 affiliates in the state that were being paid for directing traffic to Overstock.com.
The Streamlined Sales Tax group hopes Congress takes up its uniform-tax idea in 2009. Peterson thinks the dismal economy boosts the chances of passage.
But Congress also will be occupied with economic stimulus plans involving bigger pools of money. And Mulpuru, the Forrester Research analyst, notes that for years there has been talk of taxing online retailers.
"It's a legal morass," she said. "In a best-case scenario, it's going to take a while to sort everything out."
Streamlined Sales Tax Governing Board
NetChoice
Don't forget to visit the Technology Without Breaking the Bank resource center. With every dollar at a premium, school and district leaders are looking for ways to cut costs without sacrificing their education initiatives. The good news is, new advancements in technology make this scenario possible. Strategies such as software virtualization, software as a service, open-source software and open technologies, and a new breed of low-cost computers enable school IT directors to streamline their operations and bolster their ed-tech programs-without breaking the bank. Go to: Technology Without Breaking the Bank


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August 21, 2015 By Gurmeet Singh
Cheap Robotic Arm
Recently I joined an MOOC on Introduction to Robotics by Queensland University of Technology, Australia. For those who don't know what MOOC is, it stands for Massive Open Online Course. Professor Peter Corke was the mentor in introducing me to the world of robotics. Apart from the learning side of this course there was an optional project on building one's own robotic arm which could track a given path provided by them.
June 1, 2015 By Gurmeet Singh
Fastest Finger First (without microcontroller or IC)
I heard about this term "Fastest Finger First" in the show "Kaun Banega Carorepati" hosted by very famous legend "Mr. Amitabh Bachchan" and I think most of you are aware of that. But the interesting part of that show for me was when fastest finger first was played between the contestants. I always wondered whether I can build stuff like that. Then in my school period I was given a job to create a buzzer system which could detect which one of the 4 contestants pressed it first. I implemented it in a quiz at my school and it worked damn awesomely. It took me quite a time to think on how I am going to create this because at that time I did not have the knowledge of microcontrollers. My dad who's an electrical engineer helped me with the basic idea of using relays (thank you dad). From then I started imagining on what kind of circuit to make so that it works accordingly. The CIRCUIT DIAGRAM that you can see above is what came out as a result of my hard work. I know it's a bit complicated but seriously telling you guys this thing makes me proud of myself. Okay let's stop this story here and move toward its description. Do watch the circuit above and for your ease I have given a unique colour to very wire associated with individual relay.
March 17, 2015 By Gurmeet Singh
Fingerprint Detection using Microcontroller- (Part 45/46)
In today's secure world biometric safety is on the top. Unlike other techniques which make use of passwords and numbers, that are needed to be remembered, biometric techniques make use of human body parts like fingerprints or even iris of your eyes and as we know that these things are unique to all thus it makes biometric systems the most effective over others. In this project I have interfaced a very popular fingerprint scanner R305 with AtMega 16 microcontroller. This module communicates over UART protocol with microcontroller i.e. it makes use of Rx and Tx pin of microcontroller to interact with it.
December 24, 2014 By Gurmeet Singh
Mobile – Gesture Controlled Car
Have you ever wondered of operating a toy car with you own mobile phone? Yes I have made such a thing. This project involves the communication between your mobile phone and the car. Here I have used the internal accelerometers of the mobile phone to operate my toy car.The system communicates wirelessly over Bluetooth interface, thus we require a phone with Bluetooth compatibility. Moreover I have made an Android Application for the same task therefore the phone must have ANDROID operating system J
November 29, 2014 By Gurmeet Singh
Sleeping Security – Smart Keypad Lock using AtMega16
This project is just a smart version of any keypad lock. What's smart about it is that it can detect whether it is needed by the user or not and accordingly switches itself to take a sleep. Making a microcontroller to sleep reduces power consumption as well as increases its usage span.Many of you must be wondering that would it be secure enough to make a lock go to sleep, isn't it. Don't worry, when a microcontroller goes off to sleep it puts a hold on what it was doing before sleeping. In my project I have made it to sleep only when the user has finished entering the password stuff and microcontroller has done its entire job.
May 12, 2014 By Gurmeet Singh
Interfacing RF Module with 8051 Microcontroller- (Part 15/45)
This project is about interfacing RF (Radio Frequency) module with the 8051 microcontroller. These RF 1modules help us in sending and receiving the data wirelessly up to certain distance. This provides us the ease of wireless data transferring. There are many forms of wireless technologies which can transfer the data such as Bluetooth modules, ZigBee modules, and Wi-Fi modules.RF is one of them. It's a lot cheaper and works quite well for small scale projects. These modules are really easy to deal with. They jus1t require the data to be transferred serially and VCC+GND supply of course.
Mobile Controlled Home Automation
This project uses DTMF technology to control home appliances. DTMF stands for Dual Tone Multi Frequency.This DTMF based system can control home appliances via mobile phone communication from anywhere around the world.This facilitates the user to operate anything on his fingertips.It requires two cell phones to operate properly; one of them will always remain in touch with the circuit and another to place a call on that phone.
Lasered Security System
This system for security uses the combination of LASER light and LDR. The LDR module has an onboard potentiometer to adjust the sensitivity of LDR, so that it only senses laser light falling onto it.The concept is quite simple and similar to what we see in movies where antique, priceless ornaments are protected under laser lights.As someone crosses these lights, an alarm runs on to indicate unauthorised presence. This project works similarly.In normal conditions, where there is always laser light falling on the LDR, the LDR module always gives a high signal to microcontroller
February 20, 2014 By Gurmeet Singh
Line Follower Robot
Line follower robot is a bot which can follow a particular line. Its a very good project to start with, for people who are interested in robotics and embedded systems.In this case, it will follow a black line on a contrasting white background surface.This bot comprises of a sensor section, driver section and a microcontroller to process the sensor values and correspondingly operate the motor driver section.Sensor section consists of IR sensors (2 in this case)Driver section involves the working of geared DC motors (via L293D IC)
January 30, 2012 By Gurmeet Singh
16-Channel Data Acquisition System(DACQ)
1) Introduction Data acquisition systems, as the name of this system implies, are processes used to assemble information to paper or analyze some phenomenon. In the simplest form, a technician logging the temperature of an oven on a piece of paper is performing data acquisition. As technology has progressed, this type of process has been…
April 21, 2008 By Gurmeet Singh
Mobile Controlled Robot
Mobile controlling is done mainly with DTMF decoder. DTMF stands for Dual Tone Multi Frequency. This module can take up-to 4 bits of data at a time (i.e. 0-15 decimal values).DTMF needs two mobile platforms, one for sending instructions while another for receiving them. This module contains a IC which decodes the signals received and convert it into 4 bit data.
Interfacing 3-Axis Accelerometer with 8051 Microcontroller
This project involves various stuffs like accelerometer module, 8 bit ADC, 555 timer IC, LCD display etc. So I'll be discussing about all of them step by step. First let's talk about the Accelerometer IC; here I have used ADXL_335 which is a 3-axis accelerometer module. This module provides X, Y and Z axis data.
DC Motor Control using PWM with ADC
This project involves a combination of PWM (pulse width modulation) and ADC (Analog-Digital converter) to drive a DC motor at various speeds and in both clock and anti directions.PWM is a concept with which one can modify the pulse voltage varying it from 0% duty cycle to 100%.Duty cycle represents the time for which pulse is high when compared to the full pulse length.
Controlling Appliances Wirelessly using RF Technology
Now a day's everyone needs a device which could control appliances wirelessly. This makes us to operate them on our fingertips from particular vicinity with ease.This time I have done something like this, I have created a prototype of a device which controls 4 devices/appliances separately using RF (Radio Frequency) technology. The device comprises of two sections: Transmitting (remote) and Receiving part. The transmitting part works as a remote device to send the corresponding data to the receiver section. It further consists of 4 SPDT (single pole double throw) switch, one Encoder IC (HT12E) and a TX module (433 MHz). These 4 switches are connected to the 4 data pins of the encoder IC to generate a 4-bit data to be transmitted. The switches provide either high (+5V) or low (0V) signal levels.
Interfacing Triple-Axis Accelerometer with AtMega16
This project makes use of three out of the eight ADCs present in AtMega16 IC to display the corresponding digital data of X, Y and Z outputs of an accelerometer on 16X2 LCD.It's very easy to deal with such kind of modules as they just need the VCC and GND supply to get started, rest it is its job to provide us the analog data.These modules work on simple concept like that of force acting on an object at inclined plane. It deals with the Mg(sin ?) and Mg(cos ?) part of the force and calculate the angle ? for further calculations. Now it also notices the change in force from which acceleration will be calculated.
AC Dimmer
We all know what an AC dimmer is; for those who don't, it's a kind of a circuit which can control the amount of AC voltage to be given to any device. You can see them in a fan regulator or a light dimmer switch. But have you ever wondered of applying the same concept of regulators/dimmers using a microcontroller? If you haven't, don't worry, this project deals with the same stuff.First of all we need to understand the importance of a triac in such circuits. A triac is a 3 terminal device which can control the amount of AC current passing through it. This can be achieved by applying variable AC potential at its Gate pin.
Interfacing L293D with 8051 Microcontroller
L293D is a motor driver IC. As its name suggests it can drive a motor (normally DC motors up-to certain range). Since the output voltage of 8051 is limited to 5V only thus motors with higher required voltage need some drivers to provide them their desired input voltage.What L293D does is, it takes the TTL (0/5v) input from the output pins of 8051 microcontroller and forwards the output through itself of higher voltage(required by DC motors).Connecting a DC motor directly to the pins of 8051 would not work. It may even damage the microcontroller. L293D is a 16-pin IC which can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously in any direction. It means that you can control two DC motor with a single L293D IC.
Controlling a BLDC Motor with an ESC
Brushless motors have much more satisfying results as compared to brushed motors. The basic difference between them is that in a brushless motor, the rotor itself contains the permanent magnets and the electromagnets move to the stator which is quite opposite as seen in a brushed motors. It's more precise and can also factor the speed of the motor into the equation. This makes brushless motors more efficient. There is no sparking and much less electrical noise. There are no brushes to wear out. With the electromagnets on the stator, they are very easy to cool. You can have a lot of electromagnets on the stator for more precise control. The only disadvantage of a brushless motor is its higher initial cost, but you can often recover that cost through the greater efficiency over the life of the motor.
Automatic Room Lighting
When an object moves into the room it passes through IR sensor 1 first and then IR sensor 2, this makes the microcontroller understand that something has moved into the room. In this situation it makes the LED to glow.On the other hand when the last object moves out of the room it has to pass through IR sensor 2 first and then IR sensor 1, this situation helps the microcontroller to understand that no one is present in the room now, thus it glows off the LED. In the coding part, I have used a variable "count" to count the number of objects present in the room. Count increments itself by one for every entry and decrements by one for every exit.
DIY Game: Glow All the LEDs First!
This is a 2 player game, based on 8051 microcontroller AT89S52. This game features two push buttons (one for each player) and an array of 8 LEDs for each. It demands high reflexes, as you have to push button as fast as you can. Each press would help the successive LED to glow until all the 8 LEDs are on. The competition is about how fast you can toggle (Press and then un-press) the buttons, greater your speed of pressing push button, greater will be your chance of winning. As soon as any of the two players reach the last LED, the push button of another player will get deactivated, which means it will not respond to the push. Also the LEDs of the winner will start toggling. This will ensure the accurate after results. To restart the game, press the reset button (button connected to pin 9 on microcontroller).

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NFL Nation
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Debuting Mel Kiper's first 2022 NFL mock draft: Expect quarterback surprises in Round 1
11hMel Kiper Jr.
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From Tua Tagovailoa to Xavien Howard, big decisions await new Dolphins coach
6dMarcel Louis-Jacques
NFL coaching carousel buzz: What we're hearing for each open job, including candidates to watch
6dJeremy Fowler and Dan Graziano
Gronk, Brady, Jones and other NFL players who cashed in (or fell short) with incentives
8dMichael Rothstein
Who were the NFL's best players this season? The highest-graded at every position, plus surprises and top rookies
7dSeth Galina
Making sense of Brian Flores' firing and where the Miami Dolphins go from here
NFL overhaul tiers: Which teams will look most different in 2022?
2dJeremy Fowler
Dolphins fire Flores; Ross nixes Harbaugh talk
Patriots QB Jones: 'Wasn't good enough' in defeat
10dMike Reiss
Dolphins' Waddle sets rookie mark for receptions
10dMarcel Louis-Jacques
NFL rookie rankings: Our final top 10 for the 2021 season, including Micah Parsons at No. 1, two Dolphins and only one QB
Orlovsky and Clark passionately disagree about the Rookie of the Year (2:20)
Dan Orlovsky and Ryan Clark go back-and-forth on who should win Rookie of the Year between Ja'Marr Chase and Mac Jones. (2:20)
12:00 PM GMT
Jeff LegwoldESPN Senior Writer
Covered Broncos for nine years for Denver Post and Rocky Mountain News
Previously covered Steelers, Bills and Titans
Member of Pro Football Hall of Fame Board
of Selectors since 1999
In the end, the best of the best of the 2021 NFL rookie class was found largely on the first two days of the draft. Four of the top 10 players in our final rookie rankings of the season -- which factored in only regular-season performance -- were selected in the 2021 draft's top 10 picks. And every player who made the top 10 was selected in either the first or second round.
But even after all of the discussion about the quarterbacks leading up to the draft and through the preseason, few of the class' signal-callers were among the league's best first-year players. In fact, only one QB cracked our rankings. One of the top defensive draft picks led the pack: Dallas Cowboys linebacker Micah Parsons multitasked his way to a future remember-when kind of season.
So, for one last time this season, let's run through the top 10 rookies in the NFL. Per usual, we polled personnel executives around the league to get their thoughts and worked our way through game tape to make the list. We also include those who just missed the list and a few other names to keep handy in the coming years. Finally, we looked to ESPN Stats & Information's Seth Walder to pick an under-the-radar rookie to keep an eye on. We begin in Dallas.
Top 10 | Just missed
Notes | Under the radar
1. Micah Parsons, ILB/DE, Dallas Cowboys
Stats: 84 tackles, 13 sacks, 3 forced fumbles
Drafted: No. 12 overall
Parsons is enormously disruptive with consistent efficiency in the pass rush. He was one of six players in the league with at least 13 sacks -- 10.5 of which came after Week 8 -- and was just 1.5 sacks from Jevon Kearse's rookie record. Plus, Parsons was reliable in coverage and a point-of-attack defender in the run game, with the range to chase down ball carriers even when the play was designed to run away from him. Few, if any, defensive players in the NFL showed consistent excellence across such an expansive job description, let alone a rookie.
2. Mac Jones, QB, New England Patriots
Stats: 3,801 passing yards, 22 TDs, 13 INTs
Jones discovered down the stretch what many rookies -- especially quarterbacks -- eventually do: Adjusting when opponents attack your weaknesses is simply a part of NFL life. He had two of his three multi-interception games over the last four weeks, and he completed just 51.9% of his passes over a two-game losing streak at the end of December. But in terms of degree of difficulty, what was on his vocational plate and the expectation level for the team (both inside and outside the building), Jones dealt with more than anyone else in the rookie class. And his team made the postseason with 10 wins.
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4dDan Graziano
What's next for all six NFL playoff losers: Barnwell on the Patriots' problem, Cowboys' bad day, more
1dBill Barnwell
3. Rashawn Slater, OT, Los Angeles Chargers
Stats: 16 starts, 90.4% pass block win rate
Those who thought he was a guard should just move aside and let the man work. No left tackle in the league played more pass-blocking snaps than Slater this season (471), and his work in Justin Herbert's 64-attempt season finale put an exclamation on Slater's first pro campaign. Slater missed one game (Week 15) after testing positive for COVID-19, but he otherwise didn't miss a single snap.
4. Creed Humphrey, C, Kansas City Chiefs
Like the first three players on this list, Humphrey wasn't just good for a rookie; he was playing at an All-Pro level for much of the season. He was the biggest value pick among this year's top 10 rookies after checking in as the second-to-last selection of the second round last April. Humphrey's movement skills, recognition and composure are evident throughout the game tape, and he is exactly what a long-term solution looks like at the position. His 97.7% pass block win rate was No. 1 in the entire NFL, and his 98.2% pass block win rate when facing double-teams was sixth.
5. Ja'Marr Chase, WR, Cincinnati Bengals
Stats: 81 receptions, 1,455 receiving yards, 13 TDs
Drafted: No. 5 overall
Chase was a problem for defenses early in the season (101 yards in Week 1), in the middle of the season (201 yards in Week 7) and late in the season (266 yards in Week 17). Flowers and well-wishes to the AFC North defensive backs for, well, years to come. As he and quarterback Joe Burrow continue to build on what they've already done, more days like the rookie-record 266-yard effort against the Chiefs in the second-to-last game of the regular season are possible. His 1,455 receiving yards were the most for a rookie in the Super Bowl era, and before you point to the extended regular season, he actually broke the record in Week 17.
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6. Kyle Pitts, TE, Atlanta Falcons
Stats: 68 receptions, 1,026 yards, 1 TD
Some will point to the lone touchdown, but talk to personnel executives around the league, and you get a lot of no-doubt assessments of his play. Many actually have Pitts above Chase here because of the upside and skill set. Pitts consistently wins in man coverage, even when defensive coordinators put a cornerback across from him, and he can work from all over the formation, both in tight and out wide. He is just the second rookie tight end in league history to top 1,000 yards, as his 1,026 receiving yards sit right behind Mike Ditka's 60-year-old NFL-record 1,076 yards.
7. Pat Surtain II, CB, Denver Broncos
Stats: 58 tackles, 4 INTs, 14 passes defended, 1 TD
Surtain missed the Broncos' season finale with a calf injury, but up until that point, he consistently played with the composure of a "guy who's been in there for years,'' Broncos safety Justin Simmons said. Denver coach Vic Fangio was willing to put Surtain across from the best of the best every week without worry. The top-10 pick wasn't often challenged by quarterbacks, who usually chose not to pick on the rookie, but he tended to get his hands on the ball when they did.
8. Jaylen Waddle, WR, Miami Dolphins
Stats: 104 receptions, 1,015 yards, 6 TDs (plus one rushing TD)
For some, Waddle's production will always be measured against the trade the Dolphins made to select him (the Dolphins moved up six spots, but it cost them an additional 2022 first-rounder). But Waddle consistently improved as the weeks went by, with five games with at least eight receptions during Miami's six-game winning streak in the second half of the season.
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9. Jeremiah Owusu-Koramoah, ILB, Cleveland Browns
Stats: 76 tackles, 1.5 sacks, 2 forced fumbles, 4 passes defended
Owusu-Koramoah missed three games with an ankle injury, but after his return in Week 10, he had four games with at least six tackles and played at least 75% of the team's defensive snaps in five of the Browns' eight remaining games. His work in coverage was advanced, among the best in the league at the position and far more consistent than it was as a college player. It would be intriguing at some point to see the Browns turn him loose in the pass rush far more than they did in 2021.
10. Jevon Holland, S, Miami Dolphins
Stats: 69 tackles, 2.5 sacks, 2 INTs, 10 passes defended
Holland fits what is needed at the safety position in today's NFL. He is physical in the run game at the point of attack, comfortable in coverage and doesn't often let any pre-snap business by the offense force him into a wrong step. Holland had five games this season with multiple disrupted dropbacks, and he played at least 96% of the defensive snaps in 11 of his games.
Just missed
Nate Hobbs, CB, Las Vegas Raiders: Hobbs' next step will be to turn the high-quality snaps he consistently showed as a slot corner (74 tackles) into more ball production. He finished the season with one interception and three passes defended.
DeVonta Smith, WR, Philadelphia Eagles: Smith closed out the year with 64 receptions, 916 receiving yards and five touchdowns in an offense that had the fewest pass attempts in the league (29.1 per game). And 67% of Smith's receptions this season resulted in a first down.
Javonte Williams, RB, Denver Broncos: He had more than 17 carries in just one game this season and still finished with 903 rushing yards to go with his 43 receptions. Williams was second among league rookies in rushing.
Christian Barmore, DT, New England Patriots: Barmore injured his right knee in the regular-season finale against the Dolphins but was consistently explosive and disruptive on the inside. His seven quarterback knockdowns were second on the team to Matthew Judon.
Najee Harris, RB, Pittsburgh Steelers: Harris finished a busy rookie season with 1,200 rushing yards (tops among rookies) and 74 receptions (second on the Steelers). His 381 touches as a runner and receiver led the league's running backs, and he was one of just two running backs in the league to top 300 carries for the year.
Amon-Ra St. Brown, WR Detroit Lions: Talk about a quality finish. St. Brown finished with 90 or more receiving yards in each of the final four games of the season -- with 100-yard games in the last two. He caught at least eight passes in each of the final six games of the year.
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Penei Sewell, OT, Detroit Lions: Sewell missed the season finale but showed plenty of resiliency after some early-season struggles when he moved to left tackle in place of the injured Taylor Decker.
Greg Newsome II, CB, Cleveland Browns: Newsome missed time with a concussion and an ankle injury, but he played 95% and 100% of the defensive snaps, respectively, in the Browns' final two games. He had nine passes defended in 12 games. The only thing missing on a top-tier rookie season? Zero interceptions.
Keep an eye on: Sam Cosmi, OT, Washington; Nick Bolton, ILB, Chiefs; Odafe Oweh, OLB/DE, Ravens; Trevor Lawrence, QB, Jaguars; Asante Samuel Jr., CB, Chargers; Kwity Paye, DE, Colts; Baron Browning, ILB, Broncos; Azeez Ojulari, OLB, Giants; Elijah Mitchell, RB, 49ers; Jaelan Phillips, DE, Dolphins; Rondale Moore, WR, Cardinals; Trey Smith, G, Chiefs; Alim McNeill, DT, Lions; Pete Werner, ILB, Saints; Pat Freiermuth, TE, Steelers; Joe Tryon-Shoyinka, OLB, Buccaneers; Michael Carter, RB, Jets; Elijah Moore, WR, Jets; Tre'von Moehrig, S, Raiders; Alijah Vera-Tucker, G, Jets; Davis Mills, QB, Texans
Other rookie notes
The Texans' Davis Mills was the eighth quarterback selected in the draft (67th overall). Many in the league liked his potential, but Mills had played just 14 games in his career at Stanford, mostly because of knee injuries. Even so, only Mac Jones was as consistent among rookie QBs as Mills was at the end of the season. Mills had three 300-yard games in his last six starts and threw eight touchdown passes over the last four games.
Washington offensive tackle Sam Cosmi played in nine games this season because of an ankle injury but flashed enough at right tackle for Washington to hope he can keep himself there far more in his second year. He could to be a solution for that line over the long haul.
It's hard to argue a player did more with less than Javonte Williams did for the Broncos. Backfield mate Melvin Gordon III said, "Either one of us would have been top three [in rushing], but we literally split carries.'' Both backs finished with 203 carries. Williams also turned 53 targets into 43 receptions in the passing game and created plenty of broken tackles.
Walder's under-the-radar rookie
Trey Smith, G, Kansas City Chiefs
Smith was my under-the-radar rookie in October's edition of the rookie rankings, but he's back again. Perhaps he hasn't gotten quite the recognition he deserves because he has been overshadowed by fellow rookie Creed Humphrey -- who is my pick for Offensive Rookie of the Year. But we should not be sleeping on Smith, who was stellar in his own right. Among guards, he ranked second in pass block win rate and third in run block win rate. In other words: By our win rate metrics, Smith was one of the very, very best guards in the league this season despite being a rookie taken in the sixth round. The Chiefs knocked this pick out of the park.


text:
Q: Python : is coverage using skipped test Here is a test :
@skip("my test is skipped")
def test_coverage():
    my_function()

My question is simple :
If i run my coverage, will my_function will be covered or not (considering my test is skipped) ?
Thanks !

A: Skipped tests are not executed. Code that is not executed is not covered, by definition.
Demo; given a coverage_demo module:
def foo():
    var = "This function has is covered"

def bar():
    var = "This function is not"

and a coverage_demo_tests.py file:
from unittest import TestCase, skip
import coverage_demo

class DemoTests(TestCase):
    def test_foo(self):
        coverage_demo.foo()

    @skip("No bar for us today")
    def test_bar(self):
        import coverage_demo
        coverage_demo.bar()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import unittest
    unittest.main()

running this under coverage shows that line 5 in coverage_demo is not executed:
$ coverage run coverage_demo_tests.py
s.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s

OK (skipped=1)
$ coverage report --include=coverage_demo\.py -m
Name               Stmts   Miss  Cover   Missing
------------------------------------------------
coverage_demo.py       4      1    75%   5

The def statements at the top level are always executed, but line 5 is the only line in the bar() function.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The STEP Blog
Emily Deane TEP
Mark Walley
Daniel Nesbitt
Denese Molyneux TEP
Sarah Manuel
Simon Hodges
Julie Hutchison TEP
Cheryl Farnham TEP
Martyn Gowar TEP
Nigel Race
Richard Frimston TEP
Patricia Wass TEP
Rita Bhargava TEP
Emma Yeats
Michael Young TEP
Robin MacKnight TEP
UK Practice Committee
Sally Edwards TEP
Wendy Walton
Hélène Anne Lewis TEP
Alex Elphinston TEP
Val Cox
John Read
Tag Archives: Denese Molyneux
A look back at 2019 in STEP England and Wales
I've learned much in my first year as Chair of STEP England and Wales. The most impressive thing I've seen remains something that I already knew existed; the passion and dedication of our members.
The E&W Committee are looking at how we can increase support at a local level. Getting new members involved remains the lifeblood of the Society. Those attending STEP's global Branch Chairs' Assembly recently will have heard the inspirational Tiger de Souza, Director of Volunteering at The National Trust, giving us an insight into increasing volunteer participation. I'm sure many will be implementing the lessons we learned from him.
2019 has been another year of significant policy developments. The planned increase in probate fees didn't happen. This was due, in large part, to work done by STEP's policy and communications teams and E&W former Chair Rita Bhargava TEP, whose persuasive arguments convinced the government to think again.
Many of our UK Practice Committee members' terms are coming to an end shortly. We're delighted that they have joined the new UK Advisory Group, which will replace the current committee. This will allow E&W to retain access to their collective knowledge, experience and capability for drafting the articles, practice notes and briefings that many of us have referenced over the years.
The UK Technical Committee, has continued to keep pace with changes to tax and legislation proposed by the government. Led by Robin Vos TEP, this committee has responded to a number of consultations on behalf of STEP. We're lucky to have them overseeing the interests of our members and the public at large.
E&W Committee has been looking at embedding our standards for tax planning into our everyday practice. STEP's Professional Standards committee are developing a toolkit that will enable you to demonstrate your compliance with these high standards. The first annual report, Professional Conduct in Relation to Tax, has been drafted and will be published imminently.
In September, Professor Stephen Mayson published his interim report regarding the review of legal services regulation in England and Wales. STEP has considered the proposals and Amanda Simmonds TEP and Rita Bhargava will be responding to the consultation on our behalf.
It's been a good year for STEP, with 2020 shaping up with more exciting things to come. My thanks to Mark Walley and the STEP staff for all their hard work, as well as to the members of the E&W Committee. Most of all, thanks to all the Society's members and volunteers throughout E&W, without whom there would be no STEP. I look forward to meeting as many of you as I can throughout 2020.
Denese Molyneux TEP, Chair, STEP England and Wales Regional Committee
Posted in Membership
Tagged Denese Molyneux, Professional Conduct in Relation to Tax, STEP England and Wales
What's happening in England and Wales?
My tenure as Chair of STEP's England and Wales Regional Committee began in January and I would like to thank Rita Bhargava TEP for being such a hard act to follow. January also heralded the arrival of STEP's new Chief Executive, Mark Walley. Mark has been quick to get his feet under the table and has ambitions to move STEP forward while keeping the organisation true to both its mission and vision.
The last England and Wales committee meeting pinpointed the areas that the committee felt warranted the most attention: raising the profile of TEPs in the public eye; education, career development and networking; educating professionals; and influencing government/policymakers. We are working on a plan to support and input into further work in these areas over the next year.
As detailed in Rita Bhargava's blog in December, much has been done in recent years to raise the profile of TEPs in the public eye. STEP's Communications Team continue their sterling work with the 'Talk to a TEP' campaign and public-facing website, advisingfamilies.org, which continues to receive over 1,000 TEP searches a month.
The mammoth job of upgrading the STEP website is underway. The update will include a new member area, and a full site redesign, which should lead to big improvements and help you find exactly what you are looking for. The new site should be with us by January 2020.
The probate fees issue rumbles on. Rita Bhargava and STEP's Policy Team have been leading the charge. Despite their best efforts, the government was, until very recently, pushing ahead with the Order. With recent political events, however, this is all looking a little less certain than before, and seems unlikely to come in much before the end of the year, and there is some speculation that, due to its unpopularity, it might not happen at all… You can keep up with developments on the STEP Blog as they happen.
The EU Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive (5AMLD) is under consultation by the Treasury. It is to the credit of our technical and policy team that they have pulled together such a comprehensive response to this consultation, and in addition have organised two roundtables with a number of senior industry practitioners to discuss the impact of the Directive in the UK. Watch this space for updates as they happen.
A hearing for the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Inheritance and Intergenerational Fairness was attended by a delegation from STEP in April. This APPG has held a series of hearings, some of which have helped inform recent recommendations in this area from the Office of Tax Simplification (see blog). We are hoping for more fundamental changes in this area, however, and look forward to recommendations from the APPG later this year.
And our Professional Development Team has a number of plans for the next year, not least the introduction of more flexible diplomas, enabling practitioners to tailor their STEP Diploma to better suit their specialisms.
Since joining the England and Wales committee six years ago, I have been constantly in awe of the amount of work that goes on behind the scenes, undertaken by committee members and the Head Office team, a fraction of which I have reported above. It is a pleasure and a privilege to work alongside so many dedicated professionals.
I look forward to updating you with further blog postings during my time as chair.
Posted in Membership, Policy
Tagged advising families, Denese Molyneux, probate, Professional Development, STEP Diploma
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text:
How Far Behind Are We From Mexico?
Discussion in 'Prem talk, Those Other Leagues, and International' started by VegasJustin, Jun 3, 2012.
VegasJustin New Member
So Mexico beat Brazil today. They dominate us in Mexico City and they are now dominating us at home. They seem to be far ahead of us. We can't even qualify for the Olympics and our future stars almost never become stars. When Mexico gets a player who should do something, they usually do. Chicharito and Dos Santos are stars for them. We have Dempsey, but he came out of nowhere.
How far behind are we and how do we catch up? They are loaded in the youth teams and are pulling away fast in the senior team. How do we stop that?
VegasJustin, Jun 3, 2012
tim Active Member
I'm going to get a little (potentially) controversial and say, does it matter? We don't have to face them in qualifying. For a team clearly in a transitional phase, we really just need to keep our eyes on the ball, and that means worrying about the matches we play and ignoring the ones we don't.
It's about pride, I know, as it always is with rivals. And it pains me a bit to write this, as I'm conceding we can't really compete with them at the moment. I just don't know that much good comes of using them as a barometer at this point in time.
tim, Jun 3, 2012
Tim, we will end up playing them if we both make the Hex (they switched back to the Hex format than the new proposed format from last summer).
LaxAttack, Jun 3, 2012
Crap. I stand corrected. I suppose we best get our house in order then.
dcheather Administrator
You're only as good as your last game against them. Using game results for other teams as barometer is nowhere near perfect. How times have you seen team A beat team B (who beat team C), therefore you assume team A should beat team C but it doesn't happen. I think it was the NFC East (?) who played these scenarios out last year where no one really wanted to win the division.
With that mind, I'm not sure how far behind the US is against Mexico. I'm thinking the US is not too far behind; Mexico seems to have righted the ship from when we used to beat them 2-0 quite regularly under the Arena and early Bradley years, and when they ran into early qualifying trouble the previous round. I would say perhaps the biggest difference is they're a little younger and skilled than some of the US starters. We need to find replacements for Boca, Gooch, and Dolo soon. Even Donovan and Dempsey, because come 2014 they will probably be too old to continue to the next WC campaign. I think that's been the US problem for a couple of years now. Besides Bradley and Holden who else could will be there from the Bradley years that's going to make as big of an impact as some the starters left over from Arena's years retire from the scene (Dempsey, Donovan, Dolo, Howard, Boca, and Gooch? (although Gooch is debatable, has he ever been really great for the US?)) It's a problem we're running into right now, we just don't have the quality youth players either developed or identified and intergrated into the first team as quickly as Mexico seems to be doing (especailly for the aging defense). Thank goodness we've identified Fabian Johnson, but who else? Missing out on Chandler is a bit of a blow. Hopefully Ream and Lichaj will improve and get looks. And some of our potential CBs can stay healthy, ex. Whitbread. Our youth Forward pool seems promising at the moment, but that's about it imo.
dcheather, Jun 4, 2012
Clevelandmo Active Member
Well until Jurgen Klinsmann and his sidekick were in charge we werent behind Mexico at all. But Klinsmann, based upon one result in the Gold Cup, has been able to lower the expectations of US fans to such a degree that everyone now thinks Mexico is in a different league.
Clevelandmo, Jun 4, 2012
Mo, when did JK ever say we need to lower expectations and Mexico is vastly superior to us?? I for one don't think we are far behind El Tri in the big picture, but their team is better right now. It really doesn't matter who the manager of the US team is because we are in transition, talent wise. Mexico has a great group of players and appear to have perfect timing for 2014 (like the US did in 2002). El Tri has a legit shot to make the quarter/semi finals this time around. A couple of things to consider;
• 3 great players we are missing for different reasons; Holden, Davis, and Subotic. Those 3 should be in their prime and would have created a great spine and nucleus to build a team around. Holden will hopefully be back. Charlie was well on his way to being our best forward, and now it's doubtful he'll ever wear a US jersey again, and Subotic is one of the best young CB's in the world and was run off by a douchebag still getting paid by US Soccer.
• Our backline is beyond bad (as pointed out by Heather). I'm sorry to all the Boca supporters, but when he is the best option at CB you are in serious trouble. Gooch has been hurt and inconsistent, Goodson is just okay (and that's being kind), and Dolo is getting long in the tooth.
• We need our young players to step up. There is a golden opportunity for a youngster(s) to grab the brass ring and stake a claim on the team. Ex. Brek Shea is someone we all hope steps up, but he looks more concerned w/his lame hair.
SoCalJoe, Jun 4, 2012
BarryWhite Well-Known Member
If we are behind Mexico it is because their youngsters have made the transition to the full national scene and the US youngsters have not. That is not something you can lay at Klinsmann's feet at this point in time. Fabian Johnson looks like the real thing. Michael Bradley is a talent. Holden will help if he can ever stay healthy but where is everyone else? Altidore and Adu were supposed to be the next big names but one is inconsistent and the other hasn't made the strides predicted for him.
Perhaps there are guys out there like Perry Kitchen who will make the transition but until they do we are getting older and El Tri is just getting more talent from their youth. I don't know where the talent is going to come from but I do know that when I watch the US play only two field players look anywhere close to world class and Dempsey and Bradley are only going to carry you so for. ((Diclsimer: Fabian Johnson was excluded due to the limited number of appearances.))
BarryWhite, Jun 4, 2012
SoCalJoe said:
Mo, when did JK ever say we need to lower expectations and Mexico is vastly superior to us?? I for one don't think we are far behind El Tri in the big picture, but their team is better right now.
Klinsmann said it in this FIFA article
http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/preliminaries/news/newsid=1566723/index.html
specifically this,
I would love to play Mexico every day. When you play teams like this, good teams, you play up to their level. Mexico are a notch above us on the international scene, there is no denying that.
There was also another time, I believe it was when he was officially introduced as the new USA coach, when he said Mexico was a top ten team in the world and the US was not at that level. Grant Wahl and other journalists pointed this out and suggested Klinsmann was starting by lowering the expectations. It was their idea not mine, I just happen to agree with it. Why would a coach say this? Even if they are better at the moment, which is debateable, they have done zero to show they are a whole level above the US. He should be saying we will beat them and that he will do everything in his power to insure that happens, but he hides behind the "US soccer just isnt as good mentality". Instead he gives all the Mexican fans the satisfaction of our own coach admitting what they have always thought - Mexico is a different class when it comes to soccer.
First of all, thanks Mo for finding and posting the interview. I hadn't seen it and he says a lot of interesting things in it, not all of which I necessarily agree with. I did specifically like what he said about Buddle (ouch) and the overall mindset needed by our players to reach the top level. Now to be fair that quote was finished with;
'At the same time, we know we can beat them and we've proven it'.
The next question was about the rivalry and he said;
"I don't think the Mexicans like to play us. The US players are fighters and they put everything on the and never give up...CONCACAF needs five more Mexicos and it's games like these that will get us to the level of the bigger teams. They bring out the best.'
Soccer is the most popular sport in Mexico but 5th in the US. Simple as that really. We can still surpass them in runs, but over the whole, they should outperform us and they have. If we'd do a better job cultivating our Mexican-American talent, maybe we could close that gap more regularly.
AggieMatt, Jun 5, 2012
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MIAMI, FL, January 04, 2019 /24-7PressRelease/ — Good World Games is thrilled to announce the launch of "Exclusives," a section within GameTrove featuring premium, native games from emerging studios around the world.
Building on its pioneering social features, Exclusives offers GameTrove subscribers a curated selection of premium games that users will not find on any other publisher platform and in many cases that would be paid apps, all included with the GameTrove subscription. All GameTrove Exclusives are highly rated games in the app stores and enhance our unique social platform for the traveling gamer.
Our initial selection of exclusive titles includes Kukulu, the first 3D mobile game out of Ethiopia boasting fantastic graphics and recently awarded Best Entertainment Solution in the Apps Africa 2018 Innovation Awards; Once Upon a Runner, a captivating runner from New York studio Luminosity Mobile; Loco Bingo and Parcheesi, highly engaging takes on classics from award winning Spanish studio Playspace; and Mzito, a magical African adventure game out of Kenyan game studio Weza Interactive.
Exclusives are featured in a new section of GameTrove, which is available through the Google Play Store (https://bit.ly/2CLvqVw), as an APK or a pre-installed application offered through our distribution partners.
Good World Games, Inc. is the owner and publisher of GameTrove, a first-of-its-kind social platform for discovering, sharing and enjoying casual gaming entertainment around the world. GameTrove offers hundreds of premium games, personalized game recommendations, a pioneering game-casting feature GameTrove TV, integrated messaging and Exclusive titles, all within a single app. It reaches more than 500 Million people through distribution partnerships with mobile operators, hotel smartphone providers and travel operators including airports, airlines, buses and trains, to mobile users in 30 countries globally. We are also proud supporters of Gaming for Good, donating a share of our profits to a variety of great causes. Find us at www.goodworldgames.com.


text:
package com.telstra.springboot;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import com.telstra.springboot.domain.Customer;
import com.telstra.springboot.repository.CustomerRepository;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootVaadinExampleApplication {
	private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringBootVaadinExampleApplication.class);

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBootVaadinExampleApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public CommandLineRunner loadData(CustomerRepository repository) {
		return (args) -> {
			// save a couple of customers
			repository.save(new Customer("Jack", "Bauer"));
			repository.save(new Customer("Chloe", "O'Brian"));
			repository.save(new Customer("Kim", "Bauer"));
			repository.save(new Customer("David", "Palmer"));
			repository.save(new Customer("Michelle", "Dessler"));

			// fetch all customers
			log.info("Customers found with findAll():");
			log.info("-------------------------------");
			for (Customer customer : repository.findAll()) {
				log.info(customer.toString());
			}
			log.info("");

			// fetch an individual customer by ID
			Customer customer = repository.findOne(1L);
			log.info("Customer found with findOne(1L):");
			log.info("--------------------------------");
			log.info(customer.toString());
			log.info("");

			// fetch customers by last name
			log.info("Customer found with findByLastNameStartsWithIgnoreCase('Bauer'):");
			log.info("--------------------------------------------");
			for (Customer bauer : repository.findByLastNameStartsWithIgnoreCase("Bauer")) {
				log.info(bauer.toString());
			}
			log.info("");
		};
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The primary objective of this investigation was to quantitatively identify which training variables result in the greatest strength and hypertrophy outcomes with lower body low intensity training with blood flow restriction (LI-BFR). Searches were performed for published studies with certain criteria. First, the primary focus of the study must have compared the effects of low intensity endurance or resistance training alone to low intensity exercise with some form of blood flow restriction. Second, subject populations had to have similar baseline characteristics so that valid outcome measures could be made. Finally, outcome measures had to include at least one measure of muscle hypertrophy. All studies included in the analysis utilized MRI except for two which reported changes via ultrasound. The mean overall effect size (ES) for muscle strength for LI-BFR was 0.58 [95% CI: 0.40, 0.76], and 0.00 [95% CI: −0.18, 0.17] for low intensity training. The mean overall ES for muscle hypertrophy for LI-BFR training was 0.39 [95% CI: 0.35, 0.43], and −0.01 [95% CI: −0.05, 0.03] for low intensity training. Blood flow restriction resulted in significantly greater gains in strength and hypertrophy when performed with resistance training than with walking. In addition, performing LI-BFR 2–3 days per week resulted in the greatest ES compared to 4–5 days per week. Significant correlations were found between ES for strength development and weeks of duration, but not for muscle hypertrophy. This meta-analysis provides insight into the impact of different variables on muscular strength and hypertrophy to LI-BFR training.


It is a life more interesting.
There are now more than 400 apartments sold and over 200 residents living in RenewalSA's development at Bowden. And as sales momentum continues to build, so the development continues to evolve and grow. Royalty even turned up when Prince Charles recently opened the Prince's Foundation's Defence Housing Development. Park Central, the Emmett Property development has generated significant interest and with the Town Square underway and Park Lands upgrade recently unveiled, Bowden is delivering on its promise. Apart from strong enquiry and solid sales growth, recent research has confirmed just how effective our work has been. As a brand, Bowden is not only firmly established in the minds of South Australian's interested in real estate, but more importantly it is understood and appreciated. And our current campaign line, 'Love Bowden Life' seems to capture the attitude of residents perfectly.
If you hurry, you can check out our latest Bowden magazine, available in most Cafés around town.


For months I had sleepless nights over Celery backend system crashes. I was using RabbitMQ initially and then switched to Redis and it didn't change anything.
My app would generate hundreds of data every hour after processing and RabbitMQ would run out of file descriptors to handle it and crash. With Redis, the system became really slow and later crashed (no I didn't use persistent storage because I didn't require it).
These are immediately cleared so long as you are not saving results. If you are saving results, their default expiry time would be set to 86400 seconds (1 day). This means your newly created structures are going to consume system resources for 1 day, unless you clear it manually. If you are going to be generating 1000 items each hour, both of these systems are going to crash eventually in a few hours.
I found evidence here. The only solution is to clear /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia which basically is like a hard reset on RabbitMQ. Clearing /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia also clears your virtual host entries, users, all existing queues and data. RabbitMQ is irrecoverable without it.
Interestingly, I have not been able to configure RPC backend or even invested time in trying it.
This is the old AMQP result backend that creates one queue per task, if you want to send results back as message please consider using the RPC backend instead, or if you need the results to be persistent use a result backend designed for that purpose (e.g. Redis, or a database).
My advice – think twice before you store results.
If you still go ahead and store results, CELERY_TASK_RESULT_EXPIRES is your friend. Set it to a value that will not cause memory overload. Since I set it to a value of 3600 seconds, I have not had once instance of system crash.
Note: Storing results is not necessarily a bad idea. For example, when you use complex constructs such as groups, chains and chords, Celery requires you to have a backend. I will cover this in a separate post.


STUDLEY Leisure Centre could be in line for a £600,000 grant from Stratford District Council.
The authority's Cabinet approved the plan, plus £500,000 to set up a 'Venture House' business centre and also earmarked £250,000 for Alcester's Greig Centre over two years.
It's recommendations will now go forward to full council on Tuesday, April 24, for final approval.
If given the go-ahead the cash for the leisure centre would see the creation of an on-site gym on the Pool Road site.
Half a million pounds has also been earmarked to set up a business centre for start-ups or workshops in one of village's former county council buildings .
Meanwhile Alcester's Greig Centre is in line for £250,000 in two £125,000 chunks for investment in the 'Lifestyles' side of the building to speed the transference of the site into council hands.
Councillor Hazel Wright (Lib Dem, Studley & Sambourne) admitted to be 'slightly dazed' at the news, but pointed out that Stratford, with millions of pounds in reserve, was under pressure to use the money rather than stockpile it.
"We have got extensive reserves and we've got to spend it and if that's the case, I'm prepared to take the money," she said.
Coun Chris Saint, Leader of Stratford District Council said: "The corporate projects that have been proposed including Studley Leisure Centre and a new business centre in Studley have been proposed by the District Council's Cabinet.
"However these recommendations now need to be referred to Full Council for approval.


She Survived a Saline Abortion. Here's Her Story.
When Gianna Jessen had been in her mother's womb for 29-and-a-half weeks and weighed less than 3 pounds, she was born despite a saline abortion. She has the medical records to prove it.
"Instead of dying, I was actually born in an abortion clinic in Los Angeles," Jessen tells The Daily Signal in a phone interview.
Now 41, Jessen recalls how her biological mother walked into a Planned Parenthood clinic one day, where staff told her she needed to abort her child. She credits her faith for getting her through the traumatic ordeal.
But as a result of the loss of oxygen to her brain, she explains, she contracted cerebral palsy.
"I was being literally burned alive in my mother's womb for 18 hours. I should be blind, burned, and dead," she says.
An increasing number of scientists and doctors say babies can begin to feel pain during the mother's third trimester, which starts around the 27-week mark.
Because Jessen was born early in the morning, around 6 a.m., the abortion doctor was not in yet. A nurse called an ambulance to transport the baby to the hospital.
"Had [the doctor] been there, he would have ended my life with strangulation, suffocation, or leaving me to die without a thought," Jessen says.
But even in the face of the diagnosis of cerebral palsy, Jessen has spent her life proving doctors wrong. She finished two marathons by running on her toes for eight hours. She trains with a Navy medic six hours a week.
Today, she says her story is important, especially because of state legislation that critics contend would allow a mother to abort her child right up to the time of birth, such as a Virginia bill recently defended on a radio program by Gov. Ralph Northam, a Democrat.
Jessen, who lives in Nashville, Tennessee, says she finds the current political debate over abortion deeply troubling, including the decision by some Democrats to block a bill sponsored by Sen. Ben Sasse, R-Neb., from passing unanimously earlier this month.
Sasse's bill, called the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act, would require that babies born alive after a botched abortion procedure be treated no differently by doctors than any other newborn.
"We're having a debate about whether it is ethical to strangle a child, for the parent and the doctor to have a conversation while they, quote, keep the baby comfortable, [and] while they decide if they want to kill it or no," Jessen says, referring to Northam's words on the radio.
"If abortion is about women's rights, then what were mine?" she says.
Jessen says her faith inspired her to meet her biological mother more than 10 years ago, and to forgive her.
Now, Jessen travels the country, speaking out and sharing her story as an abortion survivor with audiences.


text:
Kääntämö är en ö i Finland. Den ligger i sjön Pankajärvi och i kommunen Lieksa i den ekonomiska regionen  Pielinen-Karelen  och landskapet Norra Karelen, i den östra delen av landet,  km nordost om huvudstaden Helsingfors. Öns area är  kvadratkilometer och dess största längd är 2 kilometer i sydöst-nordvästlig riktning.

Källor

Öar i Lieksa
Öar i insjöar i Finland
Öar i Finland större än 1 kvadratkilometer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Five people have been killed in a head-on collision between a truck and a car in Harintana Gate area of Khulna Sunday night.
The incident took place on Khulna-Rupsa Bypass Road, in front of Labanchara police station, of the city around 10:45pm, police said.
Labanchata police station Officer-in-Charge (OC) Md Shafiqul Islam said four of the deceased were identified as Bangladesh Chhatra League activists: Mahmud Hasan Babu, Walid Mahmud Utshob, Shaju Ahmed, Animul Islam Gazi, all hailing from different places in Gopalganj. The fifth victim was identified as Gopalganj Juba League activist Sadikul Alam.
Quoting witnesses, OC Shafiqul said the Khulna-bound truck, carrying cement, had collided with the Bagerhat-bound car, leaving three passengers of the car and two pedestrians dead on the spot.
After being notified, police and fire-fighters arrived at the scene and recovered the bodies of the deceased.
The truck was later impounded by police. Its driver, however, managed to flee the scene right after the accident and is yet to be apprehended.


text:
What economic crisis? Bentley boasts 45 percent sales growth in UAE
The UAE population is very small but its dealer tops the world for Bentley sales. The Bentley Bentayga 2017. (Pinterest)
It's an almost flat automotive market in the UAE this year but ultra-luxury brand Bentley is in high demand in the country with a 45 per cent year-on-year growth.
Over the recent years, the UAE has become the No 1 dealer globally for Bentley and the credit goes to Al Habtoor Motors - Bentley's dealer in the UAE.
"We as an individual dealer sell more cars than any other dealer in the world," Karl Hamer, managing director of Al Habtoor Motors, told Khaleej Times during an interview.
Considering the population of the US and China, the UAE population is very small but its dealer tops the world for Bentley sales.
"Bentley sales will be 45 per cent up this year compared to last year," Hamer said.
He also informed that in June this year, Bentley sales were up 450 per cent compared to last June. Last year, Al Habtoor Motors sold 450 Bentleys.
The premium car category accounts for around 13 per cent of total automobile sales in the UAE and it's much higher than the four to five per cent share in other Gulf markets.
Overall, car and SUV imports into the UAE accounted for more than 400,000 vehicles during 2015, including re-exports.
In addition to Bentley, Al Habtoor Motors' dealership includes Mitsubishi, Bugatti, McLaren and Fuso among its stable of auto brands.
Referring to the newly introduced Bentayga, Hamer mentioned that the Bentley brand is going from strength to strength. "Now we have Bentayga, it's the new SUV that we didn't have before," he added.
The managing director said that despite the political unrest in the region and economic issues because of lower oil price, people are positive and that's the reason sales are going up.
"We don't see any problem here as people are buying three to four Bentleys. We sold 50 cars in the first three days of August," he informed.
Responding to a question, if the company has enough stocks for UAE buyers, he replied: "We moved some stock from China and also moved some from Europe."
Last month, Al Habtoor Motors opened the largest Bentley showroom in the world on Shaikh Zayed Road in Dubai. Bentley's new flagship showroom was the result of a Dh100 million investment from Al Habtoor Motors. The colossal 75,000 sq ft showroom is Bentley's largest standalone dealership in the world and is set to revolutionise customer service in the world of luxury motoring.
Destined to become one of the most iconic buildings on Shaikh Zayed Road, the Bentley Emirates showroom was designed to go beyond any previous luxury automotive experience, as well as feature one of the world's most advanced luminary façades.
Comprising 160,000 LED lights, the façade is able to display a full spectrum of colours, including all the standard colours on Bentley's vehicle palette as well as project the visuals of all Bentley's iconic bespoke veneers. The façade is capable of streaming HD quality video as well as an unlimited range of graphics and luminary spectacles.
By Abdul Basit
Copyright © 2019 Khaleej Times. All Rights Reserved.


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Against Apologetics
Lessons from Odin
Boxing Pythagoras
Philosophy from the mind of a fighter
Archive for the tag "Ancient Greek"
Theologically Loaded Language
Translating ancient documents into modern languages carries with it more difficulties than most people realize. Pretty much anyone who has ever taken a foreign language class in high school understands that it can often be quite hard to find a word which corresponds exactly between two tongues. Those who have studied outside of the modern Romance languages– classes like Arabic, Chinese, or Japanese– often realize that there are subtleties in grammatical constructions which can convey a great deal more than can be expressed in English. It is a very frequent occurrence that a phrase from one language cannot be rendered with 100% accuracy in another language. In English, this has led to the popular idiom that "something has been lost in translation."
Ancient languages maintain these problems, but add an entirely new layer of obfuscation which is not found even in most culturally distinct modern languages. Over the past few thousands of years, human understanding of the world around us has changed quite significantly. Just one hundred years ago, no one had ever viewed the ground from five miles up in the air. Two hundred years ago, we had no idea that microscopic organisms cause disease. Three hundred years ago, humanity had no idea that oxygen exists. Four hundred years ago, the world was shocked to learn the the planet Jupiter has moons. The manner in which religion, philosophy, and science have discussed a myriad of things about reality has changed so greatly in recent millennia that very often even one word in a single language can mean something exceedingly different to people living in different periods of time.
The documents which comprise the New Testament of the Christian Bible were written 2000 years ago. In those ensuing twenty centuries, many of the words used by the original authors and many of the concepts which they espoused have engendered incredible amounts of revision, alteration, and nuance by subsequent philosophers and theologians which would have been wholly alien to those initial ancient writers. The vast majority of modern readers– including an embarassingly large number of modern scholars of the text– seem wholly ignorant of this fact when they read a passage from their Bibles.
Posted in History, Philosophy and tagged Ancient Greek, Bible, Christianity, gospel, Greek, Hebrew, New Testament, theology, translation
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The ability of a country to wage a successful war depends entirely upon the willingness of its people to support it. Obviously, the willingness to support a war includes the willingness of at least a segment of the population to actually engage in combat. Throughout the history of the United States, the actual combatants in the wars have been male. One characteristic that most of these male combatants have shared is that they were members of the working class. The attitude of the United States government toward the members of this class is that they are the more expendable. This attitude is amply illustrated by both the provision exempting those otherwise eligible who could pay three hundred dollars from the 1863 Enrollment Act of Conscription, and the draft deferments granted to those who chose to attend college during the Viet Nam era.
If not already known, one of at least two lessons illustrated by the New york draft riots of 1863 is that workers will be unenthused about fighting if things are going poorly for them on the labor front. Keep this lesson in mind while examining the changes on the labor front in the period leading up to World War I. The most significant change pertained to the Sherman Act, which everbody "knows" was enacted to deter monopolies. What relatively few people realize is that manufacturers were initially exempted from the provisions of the Sherman Act because their activity allegedly did not affect interstate commerce. This is the very clear holding in United States v. E.C. Knight, 156 U.S. 1 (1895). Thus manufacturers were free to form monopolies. Moreover, under the "rule of reason" standard promulgated by the U.S. Supreme Court to assess conduct alleged to be violative of the Sherman Act, the Act was applied with at least some lenience. At the same time the Sherman Act was not being applied to manufacturers, it was being applied to enjoin workers from striking. There was no bigger supporter of this practice than William Howard Taft, former President of the United States and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. This was the state of the law under the Sherman Act until 1915, when Congress passed the Clayton Act. Under the Clayton Act, among other things, labor organizations were expressly removed from the application of the Sherman Act.
The employment outlook thus seemed substantially rosier for the average worker in 1915 than it had been for quite some time. Without regard to the lesson of the New York draft riots of 1863, it seems intuitively obvious that this rosier outlook went a long way toward diminishing non-compliance with the Selective Service Act of 1917.
WWI was duly fought and duly won by the Allied Forces, of which the United States was a member. Shortly after Hitler came into power, the employment outlook once again appeared substatntially rosier, this time with the passage of the Wagner Act of 1935, also known as the National Labor Relations Act. The Wagner Act did not contain a proscription against the secondary boycott, and the bargaining power of labor was greater than at any time since the Commonwealth v. Pullis case decided in 1806. (The worker would be well advised to learn the lesson of the hatter that sat on the jury in that case!)
WWII was duly fought and duly won. Once again, it seems intuitively obvious that this rosier outlook went a long way toward diminishing any protest against the war. Two years after the conclusion of the war, Congress, with Robert A. Taft leading the way, jerked the rug from underneath the American worker by outlawing most forms of the secondary boycott, thus decreasing the effective bargaining of labor immeasurably. The bottom line is that the U.S. government induced willingness to fight on the part of the worker by brightening the outlook on the labor front, and then, with the corpses of 296,000 KIA not yet cold in the ground, took back a big portion of the inducement once the objective was accomplished. One may safely conclude that such an act falls well within the definition of audacity, of which Robert A. Taft was certainly not short.
Return to cpproblems


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Noble reports no rigs damaged during Harvey
Noble Corp. plc has provided a post-Hurricane Harvey status update on its US Gulf of Mexico fleet, which consists of three contracted units, three warm-stacked units, and three cold-stacked rigs.
LONDON– Noble Corp. plc has provided a post-Hurricane Harvey status update on its US Gulf of Mexico fleet, which consists of three contracted units, three warm-stacked units, and three cold-stacked rigs.
The company reported that four of the contracted or warm-stacked units were safely relocated without incident ahead of the storm to other areas of the Gulf of Mexico, while the other two contracted or warm-stacked units remained at their existing locations and sustained no damage.
The company's three contracted units have already resumed normal operations and remained on rate during the storm, while the three warm-stacked units are currently at a temporary location pending further plans for relocation.
An assessment of the three cold-stacked rigs will be conducted in due course but no significant damage is expected.


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Home»Opinion»Letters»BDP congress has passed but Maun stills remains with FMD
Letters/Opinion
BDP congress has passed but Maun stills remains with FMD
Admin / July 25, 2013 /	47
The BDP congress in Maun coincided with me having paid a visit to my home village to lay to rest a relative who had passed on. Having arrived in Maun a week earlier, I noticed a strip of the road in our neighbourhood turning off at the popular Duck Pond shops off the tangent from the main road facing westwards towards Tawana Primary School. The road is normally laden with heavy loads of sand such that one will never dare drive through it. However, I noticed a stark contrast to the known condition of the road; a stretch of road was maintained only half way through.
That stretch of road connects to one of the internal roads passing near Tawana Primary School. So it was convenient for whoever was doing the road to connect it to the tarmac because of its relative length of approximately one kilometer. Being the inquisitive type, I was brooding over the objective behind the fi rst maintenance of the road and I immediately asked my friends who are regular patrons of the road if the local authorities have been so generous enough to show courtesy and ease the terrain that makes using it a challenge. They too, didn't give it much consideration thinking it's just a publicity stunt since elections are here.
It didn't appear to me that the road was made for the convenience of His Excellency, who was in few days, coming to patronize the villagers, taking advantage of the BDP Congress hosted in the Village. It was not until that Wednesday afternoon that three white brand new Land Cruiser station wagons were serenading that road up to the point where the road was maintained, that the intent and purpose of maintaining the road was made clear. The contingent of the Land Cruisers attracted attention because it was an unusual sight in the low income area commonly named as Tawana by its residence.
Like the biblical donkey that carried the messiah, the road was being used to transit the fi rst citizen that day to access a family who would be donated blankets that day. The blankets ritual was performed and for the next three days it was the "talk of the town "in the small community of Tawana. The interaction of HE and the people and of course, the blanket magic that day reminded me of the technique and tactic of BDP endearing itself to the people. In the next two days, BDP members were all over painting the village red. From shopping malls, bars and other entertainment centers, they were very confi dent that they are making a mark in the tourist center of Maun that has been hit hard by the effects of the foot and mouth disease.
I interacted with BDP cadres on one occasion where I sincerely asked them if they believed their party was taking Batswana somewhere in terms of the Economic drive, and further impressed upon them the toll of FMD on the people of Ngamiland and a possible protest of votes in the next elections. I sought to hear from the democrats their comparison of the Vision 2016 goals and the actual standards it obtains on the ground. Having found them in a jovial and victorious mood enjoying their drinks and chanting the party slogan of "ae jeke!" after our interaction and debate,I could sense their mood was not as jubilant as I found them.
Some of them agreed with me that Botswana is faced with serious socio-economic challenges and that the political leadership could do much better than to patronize people by 'blanketeneering'. I discerned from the conversation that a lot of them just have a soft spot for the BDP and that not all believe the party has a magic formula to provide a stimulus package for Batswana. It became evident that the success to BDP is more to do with its presence in the print and electronic media and largely to its incumbency that comes with the privilege of addressing Kgotla meetings and other state platforms. Back to the issue of Ngamiland, a state of emergency is required to be declared and preferential treatments needs to be extended to Ngamiland as far as the effects of FMD is concerned on the livelihood of the people.
Coming from Maun I would be ashamed to associate with BDP given the economic status of the people despite its rich natural resources. In fact, I went to change my red t-shirt that I like so much because almost everybody was in red in Maun at every shopping and I didn't want to be misconstrued to aid the BDP campaign. That is how much I want to be disassociated with BDP. I still have issues with BDP over the running of our schools and the treatment meted out at teachers putting the future of our children in jeopardy; I have issues with BDP over the handling of FMD in Ngami land, I have issues with the demolition and evictions of Shashe Bridge residential where I was born and I obviously have issues with BDP over the national commission; BMC, Morupule B and the Glass Project in Palapye.
These are all projects that wasted taxpayers' money of which I am party to. The national stadium saga is just one of the topical issues that assure me BDP doesn't need my vote and affi liation. So, in a nutshell, I am as far away from BDP as the west is from the east. Thus, Maun needs a new crop of politicians to rise. After the passing on of Rre Motsamayi Mpho, the late Friday Bonang, the fading of Robert Makgetho and the international diplomat David Rendo and of course the once maverick Gaditshwane Mmutle to mention but a few, Maun has a challenge to produce young opposition politicians who will fi ll the gap created by the veterans who can take on the fi – nancially powerful remnants of the white settlers and the feudal hegemony selling BDP.
Apart from some few opposition activists, Maun faces a serious political brain drain among the ranks of opposition. Of course, Kgosi Tawana Moremi still remains an epitome of inspiration among the opposition but not enough to balance the scale against the conservative and highly resourced BDP. You can therefore deduce that the Maun community has not benefi ted from hosting the BDP Congress in terms of policy formulation infl uence, but rather that the BDP has gained in consolidating its power in the tourist town of Maun by selling its brand.
One thing clear is, the dust has cleared after the eventful BDP Congress in Maun but the fortunes of the beef industry in Ngami land has not improved one bit. The FMD situation in Ngamiland needs to be championed by opposition politicians and not the same BDP functionaries who put the party image and interests fi rst and everything second. With the national elections around the corner, it will be interesting to watch how the traditional BDP voters will cast their votes amidst the debilitating effects of FMD on the socio-economic means of their livelihood.
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Super-Kamiokande egy neutrínóobszervatórium Japánban. A napneutrínók, a légköri neutrínók és a protonbomlás tanulmányozására építették, de alkalmas a Tejútrendszeren belüli szupernóvákból származó neutrínók észlelésére is.

Felépítése
A Super-Kamiokande 1000 méterrel a földfelszín alatt helyezkedik el a Mozumi bányában (Kamioka Mining and Smelting Co.), Japán Gifu megyéjében.
50000 tonna tiszta vizet tartalmaz melyet nagyjából 11146 darab 20 hüvelyk átmérőjű fotoelektron-sokszorozó vesz körbe. (A vizet a kitűnő ár/törésmutató arány miatt használják.)
Henger alakú, mely 42 m magas és 39 m átmérőjű.
A neutrínó kölcsönhatva a víz egy atommagjának protonjával vagy neutronával létrehozhat egy a vízbeli fénysebességnél gyorsabban mozgó részecskét: müont vagy elektront (természetesen azért ez lassabb mint a vákuumbeli fénysebesség). Az így keletkezett részecske Cserenkov-sugárzását figyelik a fotoelektron-sokszorozók. A gyors részecske egy kúp alakban bocsát ki fényt, melynek a vetületét észleljük a tartály falán (ábra).
A különböző felvillanásmintázatokból derül ki a bejövő neutrínó iránya és típusa (íze).

Hogy ne zavarják az eredményt a kívülről jövő részecskéket (átfutó müon; falból jövő neutron és foton) egy külső detektor figyeli (vétó), amely 2 méter vastag vízfalból áll, melyet 1857 darab 8 hüvelyk átmérőjű fotoelektron-sokszorozó figyel.

A detektálás alapja
A detektor a belül keletkező nagyenergiájú elektronokat és müonokat (beleértve antirészecskéiket is) figyeli.

A fent említett részecskék a következő reakciókban keletkeznek:

(Az első kettőt nevezzük béta-bomlásnak illetve inverz-béta-bomlásnak)

Egy tipikus esemény lehet a következő (zárójelben a részecskék energiái):
 (a kapcsolódó ábra ennek az oldalnak az első ábrája)

Először a müonneutrínó nukleonnal ütközik, amelyből müon keletkezik, amely Cserenkov-sugárzást bocsát ki. A müon lelassul, és rövid idő múlva elbomlik elektronná, amely szintén Cserenkov-sugárzást bocsát ki. A részecske és antirészecske között nem tud különbséget tenni a detektor.

Története
1982-ben kezdődött meg az elődjének, a Kamioka obszervatóriumnak (Tokiói Egyetem) az építése és 1983 áprilisában lett kész. Célja a proton bomlásának vizsgálata volt, mely a részecskefizika egyik legalapvetőbb kérdése. (Eddig úgy tűnik, a proton stabil, vagy rendkívül hosszú élettartamú.)

A detektort, amelyet KAMIOKANDE névre keresztelték (Kamioka Nucleon Decay Experiment), egy olyan tartály volt, mely 3000 tonna tiszta vizet tartalmazott, melyet 1000 fotoelektron-sokszorozó cső (PMT) figyelt.
A henger alakú tartály 16,0 m magas és 15,6 m átmérőjű volt.

1985-ben kezdődött a detektor átépítése, hogy kozmikus eredetű neutrínókat is észlelni tudjon. Ennek eredményeképpen a detektor sokkal érzékenyebb lett, és sikerült észlelnie az 1987-ben a Nagy Magellán-felhőben felrobbant szupernóva (SN 1987A) által létrehozott neutrínókat. 1988-ban napneutrínókat is észlelt, mely előrelépést jelentett a neutrínócsillagászatban.

A Kamiokandénak nem sikerült proton bomlást észlelnie, amiből a proton élettartamra alsó becslést lehetett adni.

Jobb hatásfokú neutrínóészleléshez és a protonbomlás további vizsgálatához nagyobb érzékenységre volt szükség. Ez vezetett a tizszer nagyobb térfogatú Super-Kamiokande megépítéséhez, mely 1996-ban kezdte meg működését.

A Super-Kamiokande együttműködés 1998-ban jelentette be első eredményét a neutrínóoszcilláció létezésére, melynek következménye az, hogy kell lennie nem nulla tömegű neutrínónak (a három típus között).  Ezelőtt egyetlen kísérlet sem zárta ki, hogy a neutrínóknak nulla a tömegük.

2001. november 12-én több ezer fotoelektron-sokszorozó láncreakciószerűen berobbant. (A berobbanó detektorok nyomáshulláma összetörte a szomszédos detektorokat is.) A detektort részben újjáépítették nagyjából 5000 olyan fotoelektron-sokszorozóval, amelynek a burkolata megakadályozza a láncreakció megismétlődését.

Kapcsolódó szócikkek
Kosiba Maszatosi
SN 1987A szupernóva
napneutrínó-probléma

Külső hivatkozások
A hivatalos Super-Kamiokande honlap  – Fotók a honlapon
Remek képek neutrínó eseményekről magyarázattal
Amerikai Super-K honlap
Részletek a 2001. november 12-ei balesetről.
The neutrino mass implications of the K2K experiment Google search

Részecskefizikai kísérletek
Csillagászati obszervatóriumok
Breakthrough-díjasok


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Why the Poor Stay Poor in America
"The Poetry of Divisive Concepts"
Why the Poor Stay Poor in America - "The Poetry of Divisive Concepts"
Listen now (11 min) | And Why We Need Them for Progress
Welcome to Crime and Punishment: Why the Poor Stay Poor in America. I'm thrilled that you signed up to read my newsletter, and I hope that together, we can make a difference.
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Joan DeMartin
The Declaration of Independence, National Portrait Gallery
"…our founding concept of universal equality, in a country where one-fifth of the population was enslaved, led to an increase in racial prejudice by creating a cognitive dissonance — one that could be resolved only by the white citizenry's assumption of Black inferiority and inhumanity. It's an unsettling idea, that the most revered ideal of the Declaration of Independence might be considered our original divisive concept." The New York Times, 2021
I'm resisting the typical end-of-the-year round-up — posts I've written, topics we've discussed in the last year. Instead, I'll focus on one word, one idea that might propel our way to substantive change in the coming new year. And that word is "divisive".
At first blush, it appears counter-intuitive — divisiveness is supposedly a negative concept, especially considering today's politics as one pertinent example. Rather, we should strive to come together to solve problems, work "across the aisle" and stop the inflammatory talk that, well, leads to divisiveness.
I'm all for uniting and working together, but it can't always accomplish the substantive change that moves us forward as a country — to jump start the change perhaps a different tactic is needed, at least at the beginning, and the 'consensus and working across the aisle parts' should come at the end.
A New York Times article titled, "The 1619 Project and the Long Battle Over U.S. History" speaks bitter truths, not just about our country's less that rosy history, but about the current roadblocks some people, elected officials and private citizens alike, advocate to shut down truth and the progress that comes with it.
This article, written in late 2021, explores in great detail the background of the 1619 Project and its subsequent implementation and expansion, which I've mentioned in a previous post. But it is the ensuing backlash to this project that is fascinating.
The 1619 Project is essentially the introduction into out national, K-12 curriculum of additional, factual information about our country's slave-holding past and its lasting impact on our society. This part of our history that had been mostly ignored in history books, even those written by eminent scholars, has been introduced into the curriculum through the perspective of slaves and Black Americans in their own voices, including narrative prose, poetry and a focus on the contributions of Black citizens to our history. But according to its opponents, the 1619 Project has become its own sinister, divisive force.
"…opponents believed that "history that dwells on unsavory or even horrific episodes in our past is unpatriotic and likely to alienate young students from their own country." … [And the proponents of the 1619 Project believe] "exposing students to grim chapters of our past is essential to the creation of informed, responsible citizens."
For example, Senator Tom Cotton, Republican of Arkansas, introduced a bill, embarrassingly called the "Saving American History Act", to prohibit the use of federal funds to integrate the 1619 Project's studies into the national K-12 curriculum. He referred to the proposed 1619 Project curriculum as "racially divisive" and said that its inclusion in our country's K-12 studies would result in "a revisionist account of history" that would deny the "noble principles freedom and equality on which our nation was founded." Although Senator Cotton's bill never became law, it purportedly inspired 12 states to enact statutes that currently prohibit the integration of the 1619 curriculum into the public schools.
According to this construction, it is divisive to tell the truth, to upend our self-congratulatory version of American history with additional facts that broaden and deepen our knowledge of our shared past. How do we learn from our history, including our mistakes, if much of it simply isn't written down and studied by our current and future generations? To really learn critical thinking skills, as our current K-12 curriculum swears our students do, shouldn't our children be taught the importance of holding two, contradictory ideas at the same time, and then how to reconcile or not reconcile them, like the fact that our country was founded on both slavery and freedom?
Interestingly, the author of this New York Times article, Jake Silverstein, proposes that rather than ban concepts thought to be divisive, we instead require them to be studied, starting with the idea that "all men are created equal".
We don't have to strain too much, though, to find that many of our great artists intend to upend our traditional thinking, or at least urge us to think differently from our "fathers". Even an occasion as mundane as repairing a wall separating two properties deserves to be questioned and maybe today would be called "divisive rhetoric", because it might be construed to contradict the wisdom of a traditional narrative. Enjoy reading one of my favorite poems, written, ironically, by a long dead, white man, Robert Frost.
Mending Wall
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
'Stay where you are until our backs are turned!'
Oh, just another kind of out-door game,
There where it is we do not need the wall:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
He only says, 'Good fences make good neighbors.'
'Why do they make good neighbors? Isn't it
That wants it down.' I could say 'Elves' to him,
He said it for himself. I see him there
He says again, 'Good fences make good neighbors.'
Courtesy: The Poetry Foundation
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I wish you and your families only the best in 2023!
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