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Drummer Talk
Gear Review – Vic Firth Stereo Isolation Headphones
Dave Kropf ⋅ Gear, Reviews ⋅ stereo isolation headphones, vic firth ⋅
Hearing protection is something we drummers need to be mindful of, but we often take it for granted until we start noticing early-onset tinnitus or other hearing damage. As someone who did several years in drumline and many more years in rock bands sans ear plugs, I can testify that it's never too early (or too wimpy) to take care of our ears.
One of the primary dilemmas we face when looking at hearing protection is how to best have good sound reduction while also hearing a click or a backing track for gigs and practice. Enter the stereo isolation headphone! Now, you can have your dB-cutting cake and eat your stereo sound source too!
Vic firth is not alone in this field, and they weren't the first to it (I believe this honor goes to the Metrophones); however, given the ubiquitousness of their brand, they have practically cornered the market on stereo isolation headphones. Just a quick browse through Musician's Friend or Amazon will net you a few results, but big Vic is right up at the top. And for good reason! It's not just their name that makes these things tops. These headphones are great at noise canceling, sound isolation, and stereo sound reproduction, all while not won't breaking the bank. They aren't without issues, though, so read on to get Drummer Talk's full rundown on what we think are the best stereo isolation headphones on the market.
These headphones come with a generous 6′ cable, long enough to get to any iPod or monitor set up. Older models had an old-school coiled cable that tended to kink up if the cable was wound around the headphones themselves. The current models have foregone the coil and opted for the straight cable. Personally, I prefer the coiled cable (probably because I'm extremely anal when it comes to cables and cable wrapping).
The cable terminates with an 1/8"stereo mini plug for use in laptops, iPods and the like, but the package also includes an 1/4"adapter for use in more pro-level gear like monitor stations. That sure was nice for Vic to throw that in!
Noise Canceling/Isolation
To me, the most important thing iso headphones have to do is do an effective job of lowering the volume of the sound around you. Amazingly, these cans can limit overall sound by up to 24dB, making them on par and even exceeding some dedicated noise-canceling headphones and ear plugs. What's even better is there is little to no bleed making them perfect for use in the studio where you often run into the problem of overhead cymbal mics picking up the click from the headphones.
Take note that with so much sound being canceled out by these headphones, it can get tough to hear your own drums. If you're using these in a live situation, I would recommend ensuring that you have some of your own drums in your headphone mix. This will save you from the temptation to overplay your kit just so you can hear yourself. If you don't have a real drum mix, even bringing your own SM58 and a 4-channel mixer to give your own drum mix can be helpful. Remember, you're not trying to get a great sounding kit with this mic, you're just wanting to make sure you can hear yourself!
What helps to separate these iso headhones is the fact that they don't just cancel out unwanted sound, but they have great speakers within them.
The sound quality on these headphones is superb. They have a pretty flat response without over emphasizing the bass too much (an epidemic that plagues most headphones on the market today. Thanks, Dr. Dre.). If you're looking for a pair of stereo to be your "daily wearers,"to experience
One thing that took some getting used to is the fact that the headphones aren't all that loud. When compared to my Senheiser HD380s or even my Apple earbuds, they simply can't beat them volume-wise. But that's ok! They're not supposed to! Remember, these are designed to help save your ears, so why design a headphone that can protect your hearing from the outside, only to enable you to blast your hearing away from within the things themselves. As you adjust to this, you realize that because the outside sound is drastically reduced, you don't need the headphones to be that loud. That's not to say that these things are quiet, because they're not, but compared to other commercial (as in, non-sound isolating), they're simply not as loud. Again, this took some getting used to, but once I adjusted, it was smooth sailing.
What you may notice when you first hold these is that these headphones are heavy. After having taken some apart (more on why in a bit), what's inside is a solid stereo headphone with some serious foam and insulation. Also, you may find that these guys can really put a squeeze on your head if you're like me and have a big, fat, meaty head. I actually had several students complain that the headphones were too tight. They do break in, somewhat, so it's not a problem that persists for long. The good news is, you won't be needing to go Darren King on these and duct taping them to your skull just to keep them on. They vice-like grip does serve a purpose!
Another things to note is that these things can get pretty sweaty. The rubber ear pieces aren't the most comfortable things and can get pretty slick in an, ewwwwwwwwwwww kind of way. After a few workouts in a practice room, you'll know that these aren't necessarily for sharing. The plastic and rubber earpieces do allow for easy cleaning, though. Just be mindful not to get water or soap on the inner foam piece itself.
For the money, these headphones simply can't be beat. I bought mine several years back for $99, but VF has dropped the price even lower and they can be found around the web for under $50. That's simply unheard of! There is really no excuse not to add these to your gear list.
Build Quality/Durability
If these headphones had an Achilles heel, it would be in their build quality and overall durability. The rubber earpieces are solid, but they glue used to attach them to the cans themseves can breakdown, causing them to come apart. This isn't anything some industrial glue from Lowe's can't fix, but it's a pain if it happens.
Also, I've had some that have developed an internal rattle in one of the ear pieces. I'm not sure what's caused this since I'm pretty meticulous about my gear, but alas, there it is.
The cans themselves are sturdily built of the same plastic that can be found on the other VF non-stereo iso headphones, but as with those others, they suffer from the same, awful, vinyl covered headpiece. I don't understand why the tops of these are so shoddily made when everything else is so stellar. It just feels cheap and thin and really lowers the overall impression of these, especially considering that's what you grab and carry them by. Le sigh. I guess this is the price you pay (literally) for having a low-cost headphone. Thankfully, though, these aren't prohibitively expensive and if they do go out, you don't feel like you have to take out a second mortgage to get a new pair.
These are easily the best bang for your buck when it comes to stereo isolating headphones. I did take 1 mic off for ear cup and overall durability issues and the fact that they can squeeze a larger head and can be a bit sweaty. However, the superb, flat sound quality and amazing dB reduction make these my first choice for recording gigs as well as drum lessons.
You won't win any awards for fashion, and you're bound to get a few jokes tossed your way, but just roll with it and rest in the smug, self-assuredness that while you may look like your landing a 747 on the tarmac of La Guardia, at least you'll be able to still hear the plane coming while listening to your favorite song!
4 out of 5 Mics
Dave Kropf
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You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real): The Work of Robert Blanchon
CURATED BY SASHA ARCHIBALD, TANIA DUVERGNE AND BETHANY MARTIN-BREEN
November 19, 2009–March 25, 2010
Visual AIDS Exhibition
The Fales Library at Bobst Library NYU
70 Washington Square S
Coming ten years after Robert Blanchon's untimely death of AIDS, the first New York exhibition of his works, writing and ephemera marks the transfer of major holding of his estate into the publicly accessible archives of the Fales Library at New York University. It also concludes a multi-year collaboration between the artist's estate and Visual AIDS to collect and present the work of the late photo-based conceptual artist.
The exhibition offers an opportunity to finally examine a decade-long history of creation marked by a witty, insightful treatment of loss, memory, and mortality, a mischievousness concerning the pretenses of the art world, and an original treatment of the construction of identity. A conceptual artist, Robert Blanchon (1965-1999) was primarily interested in the photographic medium – specifically, the materiality of the photograph – but worked also in sculpture, video, mail art, text, and performance.
Blanchon's art is characteristic of the art historical movements of the early 1990's. Like many young artists of the time, he grappled with the legacies of minimalism and cultural studies, the relation between politics and art, and his own identification as a gay, HIV-positive artist who nonetheless eschewed identity politics as the basis of an art practice. But his rich and diverse corpus brings an opportunity to glance back at the period from an intimate perspective while signaling artistic traits that will be found beyond the 1990's. Similarly as Paul Thek (1933-1988), David Wojnarowicz (1954-1992) and Félix González-Torres (1957-1996), Blanchon sought relevance beyond the poetics of queer culture, and the vulnerability, pathos, and humor of his oeuvre will resonate with anyone who has felt the fragility of being human.
Blanchon died at a moment of increasing exhibition opportunities and growing critical acclaim, leaving unachieved and, for years unviewed, most of his oeuvre. But he was feverishly productive in his condensed life span and left behind a body of work with unusually lucid themes, possibly foreseeing that, only after his death, his works would finally be seen together. It is important to note that he spent his entire creative life with AIDS.
Panels and Events:
"You are Cordially Invited": The Art and Influence of Robert Blanchon
Art or Archive? What Matters To Artists' Estates
Tuesday February 16, 2010
"Robert Blanchon" catalogue available through Visual AIDS
Robert Blanchon Monograph

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The peril of being a social club director: to admit, or not to admit (new members)?
Even where club directors have a wide discretion to admit nor not admit membership applications, directors must exercise that discretion in good faith.
A Court will not conduct a "merits review" of a board's decision to admit or reject a membership application.
A Club can be held to have engaged in oppressive conduct even if the Club's constitution has technically been complied with.
To admit or not admit?
How far can the board of a registered club go in refusing membership applications, if the board considers the membership applications to be a branch-stacking operation?
This was the perilous question that faced the board of the Polish Club in the matter of Lukaszewicz v Polish Club Limited [2019] NSWSC 446.
The plaintiffs in this case were two members and two suspended members of the Club. The Club's board was proposing to sell some vacant land which the Club owned. The plaintiffs and a group of people in the Sydney Polish community opposed the proposed sale of the land.
In the proceedings, the plaintiffs alleged that over a period of just under four years, individual members of Club's board had embarked on a campaign of:
suspending and expelling members whom the board saw as allied with the faction opposed to the board's policies;
refusing to admit applicants to membership or only admitting applicants to "associate membership" (instead of full membership), on the basis they were associated with faction members; and
allegedly refusing members of the Club entry to a general meeting to vote on the proposed sale of the land.
The plaintiffs alleged that due to the above conduct, the Club and its board had engaged in oppressive or unfairly prejudicial conduct within the meaning of section 232 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The individual board members were joined as defendants to the proceedings, along with the Club itself.
In a nutshell, oppressive conduct is conduct which a hypothetical reasonable director would consider commercially unfair. Importantly, a Club's board can comply with the Club's constitution to the letter but still be found to have engaged in oppressive conduct.
For example, under the Polish Club's constitution, the board had a very wide discretion as to whether to admit people to membership of the Club. Notwithstanding that broad discretion, courts have held that the power to admit or reject membership applications must be exercised in good faith.
That is not to say that a board is not permitted to reject a membership application because they think the applicant's aims or views are not consistent with the objectives of the Club. However a board could not exercise their powers for personal purposes in preference to the best interests of the Club.
While the plaintiffs succeeded in a limited degree in obtaining a declaration that the Club's affairs had been conducted in an oppressive manner for a short period of time, the plaintiffs failed to prove that the board had rejected the relevant membership applications for an improper purpose and otherwise failed completely in their claims against the individual board directors.
It is critical to note at this point that the Court's role in these types of cases is not to conduct a merits review of the board's decisions regarding membership (i.e., decide whether a person should or should not have been admitted based on the merit of that person's application) but only to determine whether the board acted in good faith or was instead motivated in its decision by some ulterior purpose rather than the Club's interest.
Directors need to exercise care when making any decisions concerning the Club but particularly those decisions which may affect a class of members, and ensure that the Club's powers are being exercised in good faith and for a proper purpose.


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The State of MMOs in 2017
Let's take a look back on how 2017 treated MMOs. Read along to hear the success stories, failures, and future of this genre.
by Craig Snyder
Since the days of EverQuest, Ultima Online, and The Realm Online, MMOs have been the backbone of online gaming. These are the games 20-somethings like myself went to as a kid when they got home from school to escape reality. These are the games where you could be something online that years before you could have never imagined creating and experiencing. An immersive gameplay experience combined with social and competitive interaction with other players is something magical.
I see a lot of people saying that MMOs are a dying breed, though. Are MOBAs and battle royale shooters taking over? There's no questioning the success of games like League of Legends and PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds as of recent, but let's not count MMOs out just yet. Let's talk about what happened with MMOs in the past year.
The Biggest Standouts
There were two games this year that really stood out to me. That's not to say that they were necessarily the two best MMOs of 2017, but they far exceeded my expectations. Both happen to be some of the most hardcore games of the year, too.
It'd be a cliché to say Black Desert Online came out of nowhere. It came straight out of Korea, and when it hit North America and Europe, it sent hardcore MMO enthusiasts into a frenzy.
Black Desert Online closed out its first year in March of 2017 with 1.5 million NA players and 1.7 million EU players. Bear in mind, these are statistics from before it came to Steam. When it did drop on Steam, popular variety streamer summit1g helped Black Desert Online hit a new peak when he was addicted to it on stream for several weeks.
Black Desert Online came to the West at a time when MMOs had already gone soft, and this game is anything but that. Everything is uncapped. When you grind in Black Desert Online, you grind hard. Players hit the soft level cap and will work for months and months just to get to that next level. It gets to the point where that next percent becomes the goal. It's grueling. The item upgrading in this game is just as unforgiving, and you're going to eventually lose pieces of the best items in the game just by sacrificing them to a completely RNG-based enchantment system.
The hurt brings the joy for hardcore players, though, and this game is incredibly addicting. It's non-linear in the way that you don't have to grind mobs or quest if you don't want to. You can do nothing but fish or cook all day, and you'll eventually be able to power level your character and make good money.
The year rounded out in a not-so-great way for the people behind Black Desert Online. Users were able to mine and leak extremely sensitive game data that helps players better understand stat efficiency on their gear. One of the biggest puzzles in this game lies within the way that gear statistics offer very little insight. Stats like AP, DP, and Accuracy have limited math behind them, and for a long time it's been up to the community to test and understand what they mean and how they perform on each item. In the last quarter of this year, that information was made public, and Pearl Abyss did everything in their power to cover it up.
I know that there's a lot of debate around whether Path of Exile is a "true MMO" or not, being that you aren't interacting in an open world, but 2017 pushed the envelope on that a little further. While I'd still question the degree to which it's "massively" multiplayer, there are nevertheless features like guilds and trading. There are even ways to PvP in certain game modes. Not only that, but Path of Exile's community is a big part of the game. You're going to have to rely on them for a lot of things, especially trading, and this alone is going to make the game feel like more of a multiplayer experience, be it head-to-head or cooperative.
With that out of the way, Path of Exile is everything that Diablo III should have been (and more). I don't think it's even up for debate that Path of Exile is the best multiplayer online ARPG out right now, and easily one of the best of all time.
The Fall of Oriath, the sixth expansion for Path of Exile, was released in August of this year. As the largest content update in the history of the game, it's often called "Path of Exile 3.0." I don't think anyone expected a small, independent video game developer from New Zealand to come out as one of the most successful and celebrated companies among its customers. Nonetheless, Grinding Gear Games is just that.
Before The Fall of Oriath, Path of Exile was four acts. Afterward, it was ten. That's six acts in a single expansion, effectively doubling the content of the game. This information floored the Path of Exile community, including myself, when it was released. With these acts came 24 new bosses and a whole slew of balance changes that were mostly welcomed with open arms.
Path of Exile's depth and complexity make it a game that has near-infinite replayability. With every new character you make, every new node tick in the passive skill tree, every new Skill gem in every socket of every new weapon, it's a new experience. The looting system in Path of Exile is disgustingly diverse. The way you can socket gems to your gear reminds me of Materia in Final Fantasy VII. Every part of this game feels like you're writing the code of your player as you develop it, and that feels so good.
The "Holy Trinity"
World of Warcraft, Final Fantasy XIV, and Elder Scrolls Online are at the top of the MMO food chain. Let's talk about what happened with these games in 2017.
2017 was the year of Legion, and with month after month of patches, Blizzard did a fine job in delivering a story and gameplay experience that's richer and more captivating than that of any other MMO that comes to mind.
World of Warcraft's year started with the release of a ten-boss raid featuring Gul'dan. Blizzard later introduced a micro-holiday system that gave players old and new a serious thirst to log in and see what special events awaited them for the day. PvP saw a new system of brawling, where 6-on-6 battles took over and really changed the landscape of a stale and boring PvP meta to make it fun and experimental again.
The year then closed out with two massive WoW-related announcements at BlizzCon that we'll get into later on in this piece.
If you told me in 2010, when Final Fantasy XIV was released, that people would still be playing it in 2017, then I'd think you were crazy. We'd definitely be up to something like Final Fantasy XIX by 2017, right? Well, right now may actually be the best time ever to get into the game.
Final Fantasy XIV was originally received as a broken game that required far too much grinding. Square Enix even issued an apology for the quality of Final Fantasy XIV, and many fans were sure that its failures were leading to a major scar on the brand. In 2013, A Realm Reborn was released, and it corrected so many issues that originally plagued the game. In 2015, we were given Heavensward. With each expansion, Final Fantasy XIV was getting better and better. That seems natural and obvious, but games like World of Warcraft have playercount charts that peaked about five years after release and then declined from there. We're entering the eighth year with Final Fantasy XIV. Instead of falling off, it recently entered the list of top 10 subscriber-based MMOs in history.
We haven't even talked about the 2017 expansion, though. Stormblood started off rocky, but things have really panned out. Stormblood is another success that continues to push this MMO higher and higher on the charts. The newest expansion introduced swift swordsmen and red mages, underwater exploration, and a plethora of beautiful new zones.
Final Fantasy XIV is now at 10 million subscribers. To put it into perspective, the best MMO of all-time, World of Warcraft, is sitting at 12 million. There's no denying the massive success and continuation of this MMO powerhouse.
Elder Scrolls Online started similarly to how Final Fantasy XIV did. Things didn't go as planned, promises were broken, and the community was fractured by a game that was less than they expected. You couldn't quest freely, you couldn't explore the world cooperatively, and friends couldn't even play together. It practically wasn't even an MMO.
That all changed years ago, and in 2017, Elder Scrolls Online is one of the most attractive and popular MMOs out. The game kicked off 2017 with fireworks upon the announcement of Elder Scrolls Online: Morrowind. If you know anything about the Elder Scrolls franchise, you know the fanatical following behind this zone. Elder Scrolls Online: Morrowind ended up being a massive success.
The Morrowind DLC also introduced the Warden class, the first new class in four years. It ended up being one of the most unique and diverse classes in the game. This year was also the year of player houses in Elder Scrolls Online. Homesteads allows you to purchase homes in Tamriel, and the decorating and customization options are fantastic. Player houses are fully functional, allowing you to craft, read, and participate in other activities. When you're not questing and developing your character, perfecting your house is something that you're going to spend an obsessive amount of hours on. It's a really great touch to the game.
Creativity and quirkiness is something to be appreciated in a game genre that is so old and on a very narrow path, and Albion Online does bring that. This is another one of those "super hardcore" MMOs, in a class with Black Desert Online, that I recommend for people who feel like they missed out on getting into games like RuneScape or Ultima Online.
Albion Online is an MMORPG with sandbox elements that are going to make you want to play for the long haul. That's what you're going to have to do too, because collecting resources is going to be a massive grind. Albion Online offers a medieval, cross-platform world where every battle is different and PvP is a looting extravaganza. Give this one a shot if you're a nostalgic gamer who wants something that looks and feels like the old days but really plays like new.
The Duds
It's sad to see what has happened to ArcheAge. When it first released, my friends and I were extremely excited about the sandbox experience and claiming a small piece of the world's land as our own. What we instead got was an MMORPG riddled with hackers that used bots and other automated tools to claim those land plots the second they became available.
Unlike Final Fantasy XIV and Elder Scrolls Online, XL Games wasn't quick enough in correcting these issues, and 2017 was a year where we saw a lot of red in the playercount charts. There's just no reason to play ArcheAge when games like Black Desert Online were at their high point in 2017.
Yes, still. WildStar was released as one of the most hyped fantasy/sci-fi MMOs under NCSOFT in 2014. Three years later, it's sitting at an average of about 190 concurrent on Steam.
The sad part isn't that WildStar failed but that Carbine Studios doesn't seem to have any plans on how to fix it or what to do with it. WildStar just kind of ... exists. When's the last time you heard about this MMO? Probably not for years, and that's because nothing major and exciting has come out lately. Homecoming and Power of the Primal Matrix were both flops and not nearly as large as promised. It's sad to see such wasted potential in a game that looked incredibly unique and promising.
Guild Wars 2 actually had a pretty solid year despite it being one of the more "quiet" MMOs. You don't hear a lot about this game, but what if I told you it was reported to have 11 million active players back in September?
Path of Fire was a massively popular content expansion. ArenaNet dubbed Heart of Thorns a "feature expansion," so players really looked forward to this. This Guild Wars 2 expansion took players to the Crystal Desert to experience crazy new mounts, new masteries, and new elite specializations.
I was happy to see RuneScape continue to live on for yet another year, both OSRS and RS3. One of the oldest MMOs still kicking saw changes to weather, pets, the bank, mining and smithing, and the Elder Gods in 2017. It's not just nostalgia that's keeping RuneScape's heart beating, but it's surely a big part.
Although the Steam Charts don't seem to reflect 2017 being a great year for EVE Online, this space-based, persistent world is far from dead.
In October of 2016, it was announced that EVE Online would follow a new free-to-play model. In October of this year, we learned that this free-to-play program was about to get majorly upgraded. Free players now have access to a massive amount of new skills and ships that are surely going to bring a surge in activity to this economy-driven classic. Lifeblood brought mining and pirates, with more to come in 2018.
Conclusion and Looking Ahead
For MMOs, 2017 saw a lot of familiar faces, and there's nothing wrong with that. Those same familiar faces will very well be the ones steering us into a successful 2018.
Not only did BlizzCon 2017 tease us with one of the most amazing-looking expansions coming in 2018, Battle for Azeroth, but they also seem to be bringing vanilla back. World of Warcraft private servers that emulate the game's early days were massively successful, and Blizzard has been criticized for their actions against these servers. Will World of Warcraft Classic be the solution? It's got to be one of the most exciting things heading into 2018!
Other titles like Bless Online, Sea of Thieves, Chronicles of Elyria, and Crowfall keep us hopeful for the new blood of 2018.
I definitely can't close out this piece without talking about Camelot Unchained. As someone who absolutely loves nostalgic titles and personally believes that we're long past the glory days of MMOs, revisiting Dark Age of Camelot is at the top of my MMO bucket list for next year.
Games like Black Desert Online, Final Fantasy XIV, and Elder Scrolls Online show that 2017 isn't the year where MMOs surrender as ready to die, and I expect that this continues into next year.
What were your favorite MMOs of this year, and what MMOs are you looking forward to going into 2018? There are a lot of MMOs out there to talk about, and surely they haven't all been discussed in this article. Drop me a comment below, and we'll talk about your favorite (or least favorite) of the past year.
Check out more of our articles reviewing 2017 and looking forward into 2018:
The 11 Most Anticipated MMO Releases of 2018
2018's Most Anticipated Mobile Games
The 11 Most Anticipated RPGs in 2018
Best Free-to-Play PC Games Released in 2017
11 Most Anticipated New FPS Games of 2018
Craig Snyder
Playing video games is fun.
Games Albion onlineArcheAgeBlack Desert OnlineCamelot UnchainedElder Scrolls OnlineEve OnlineFinal Fantasy XIVGuild Wars 2Path of Exile RunescapeWildStarWorld of Warcraft Genres ActionAdventureFree to PlayMassively MultiplayerRPG	Tags mmommorpg
Published Dec. 6th 2017
The Spooktacular List of Games with Halloween Events 2019
5 Best Free to Play Games on Steam
Final Fantasy XIV Finally Subscribing to the Xbox One
How to Learn the New Wall Lean Emote in FFXIV
Definitive Final Fantasy XIV BLM Rotations for Level 80
World of Warcraft: Shadowlands Revealed at Blizzcon 2019
How to Get All FFXIV 5.1's New Housing Items/Furniture
How to Get the New Mounts in FFXIV 5.1
FFXIV: When Do Beast Tribe Quests Reset?
More Black Desert Online Content
Black Desert Online Game Page
Black Desert Online Articles


text:
Q: There is an op amp in switching power supply
I still can't figure out what is function of the operational amplifier?

A: It is an error amplifier. The amplifier provides an analog feedback signal through the LED/phototransistor to control the PWM across the isolation barrier.
Here is what a real circuit typically looks like (schematic from this TI document):

Since the circuit is powered by the isolated voltage, the LED is initially 'off' and the PWM runs at maximum output. As the voltage approaches the target voltage the LED current increases, causing the PWM to back off and (if tuned correctly) keeps the voltage from overshooting the target, whilst minimizing the rise time. I agree that your block diagram appears to be reversed from what is normally possible.
The three-pin TL431 contains both an op-amp-like amplifier and a fairly accurate and stable band-gap reference, all for a penny or two!

A: It is "supposed" to be a voltage comparator. The resistor divider on the right should scale the output voltage to the reference voltage on the op amp '+' input. However, the way the circuit is drawn, the bottom resistor is short-circuited.
The node pointed out by the red arrow (in the following image) is incorrect, it should not be there. The top resistor should not connect to the negative of the DC output, only the positive.

A: Basically, it's there to compare the voltage gotten on the output against a reference voltage (shown in the schematic as a battery for some reason) and provide feedback to the control circuit.
This lets one set the output voltage with the resistor divider while using a commonly available voltage reference, such as the TL431, commonly used in this application.
This lets the switcher controller know how should it tweak the PWM's duty cycle, whether to increase it (output voltage too low) or decrease it (output voltage too high).
Take the it just a conceptual schematic to give you a flavour of something rather than applying it directly to a design - I can't actually remember seeing an actual opamp on the secondary side for this purpose, on the stuff I've torn apart. Only some kind of a funny arrangement with an LED being driven through the reference. It works.
The comparator however looks 'backwards' to me, by its two inputs being swapped. I think so because this way the controllers sees the opto as off at first - there shouldn't be any power at the secondary. But once the power goes up, the reference kicks in, being suddenly greater than the sensed voltage, and the opto would turn on. Weird.  Had the inputs been swapped, then it would all make more sense, I think.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: How to pip install forex python I am attempting to install forex-python. I have attempted to find a meaningful answer to this question everywhere, however my search has been in vain. Now, the Python Software Foundation's instructions are to pip install it. I am currently using Python V3.6.1 and the Foundation states that versions 3.4 or greater have pip installed directly into them. I am using the executable installer of v3.6.1.
My question is this: where do you pip install this package on Windows? I attempted to install the package in the python command prompt, tagged Python 3.6(64 bit), using the statement
    pip install forex-python
though it resulted in a syntax error.
Is the module supposed to be installed on the Python interpreter? Since I am using Windows Vista, what is the Windows version of a terminal? I am unaccustomed to a Windows operating system on a Toshiba computer and I am more familiar with Mac OS X. If there is a version, what is it called and how do I find it? And if it is supposed to be installed on the Python interpreter, why does it give a syntax error when I enter the statement?
When I asked for help, it stated all information about pip, however it did not state how to install forex-python.
I currently have forex-python downloaded on this computer, symbolized by the logo of three books. It is complete with the code, readmes and files, however, I do not know how to install it for usage in IDLE programs, like my currency converter.
I would be very grateful for any help on this subject.

A: you can try
pip install forex-python

or
pip install git+https://github.com/MicroPyramid/forex-python.git

then you can check the installation through
pip freeze

if it is listed in it then it is installed


text:
<?php

namespace Fd\EstablecimientoBundle\Model;

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;
use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
use Fd\EstablecimientoBundle\Entity\EstablecimientoEdificio;
use Fd\TablaBundle\Entity\Nivel;

/**
 * ojeto del modelo
 * Sirve para cargar la matricula de cada nivel de un edificio de un establecimeito en particular
 */
class MatriculaNivelClass {

    /**
     * @var integer $id
     *
     */
    private $id;

    /**
     * @Assert\Type("integer")
     */
    private $matricula_inicial;

    /**
     * @Assert\Type("integer")
     */
    private $matricula_primario;

    /**
     * @Assert\Type("integer")
     */
    private $matricula_medio;

    /**
     * @Assert\Type("integer")
     */
    private $matricula_terciario;

    public function __construct(EstablecimientoEdificio $establecimiento_edificio) {

        // inicializo en 0
        $this->setMatriculaInicial(0);
        $this->setMatriculaPrimario(0);
        $this->setMatriculaMedio(0);
        $this->setMatriculaTerciario(0);

        $this->establecimiento_edificio = $establecimiento_edificio;
        $localizaciones = $establecimiento_edificio->getLocalizacion();

        // recorro todos  los niveles que se imparten en una localización
        foreach ($localizaciones as $localizacion) {
            $this->setMatricula( $localizacion->getUnidadEducativa()->getNivel()->getAbreviatura(), $localizacion->getMatricula());
        }
    }

    public function getEstablecimientoEdificio() {
        return $this->establecimiento_edificio;
    }

    public function getMatricula($nivel) {
        if ($nivel == 'Ini') {
            return $this->getMatriculaInicial();
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Pri') {
            return $this->getMatriculaPrimario();
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Med') {
            return $this->getMatriculaMedio();
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Ter') {
            return $this->getMatriculaTerciario();
        };
    }
    public function setMatricula($nivel, $matricula) {
        if ($nivel == 'Ini') {
            $this->setMatriculaInicial($matricula);
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Pri') {
            $this->setMatriculaPrimario($matricula);
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Med') {
            $this->setMatriculaMedio($matricula);
        };
        if ($nivel == 'Ter') {
            return $this->setMatriculaTerciario($matricula);
        };
    }

    public function getMatriculaInicial() {
        return $this->matricula_inicial;
    }

    public function getMatriculaPrimario() {
        return $this->matricula_primario;
    }

    public function getMatriculaMedio() {
        return $this->matricula_medio;
    }

    public function getMatriculaTerciario() {
        return $this->matricula_terciario;
    }

    public function setEstablecimientoEdificio(EstablecimientoEdificio $establecimiento_edificio) {
        $this->establecimiento_edificio = $establecimiento_edificio;
    }

    public function setMatriculaInicial($matricula) {
        $this->matricula_inicial = $matricula;
    }

    public function setMatriculaPrimario($matricula) {
        $this->matricula_primario = $matricula;
    }

    public function setMatriculaMedio($matricula) {
        $this->matricula_medio = $matricula;
    }

    public function setMatriculaTerciario($matricula) {
        $this->matricula_terciario = $matricula;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Just like other MMOs, dungeon is an important part in the Elder Scrolls Online. Dungeons in ESO have a little difference of others. In most players' opinions, dungeons are used to rush gear and items. But it is a little different in ESO, sometimes players could get collectors items or trophy as rewards. If you want to know more about dungeons in ESO, Mmogah is glad to explain them for you.


Imbolc/Early Spring may be felt as a beautiful promise of the new: it is a Moment of seeing a new beauty, a new possibility, not present before. I felt it when I laid out the first lace doily, made by a woman now passed: I put the lace doily under the year candle we lit at Winter Solstice. In the process of dismantling of the old, making space for the new, my bodymind took comfort in the visual communication of this promise.
I remember as I lay out the doily, and another under my ceremonial headpiece, that I have witnessed so much renewal, and so has Gaia Herself: She is indeed all about never-ending renewal. And it requires a commitment and focus, a dedication to nursing the manifestation through sometimes tenuous and delicate stages.
Lammas/Late Summer – the polar opposite of Imbolc, across Her Centre – may be felt as a promise of rest as the new darkness grows. It is a Season of remembering the Sacred Consuming of what has been, the return of what has grown to fullness during the high energy days of the light part of Earth's cycle, or of a period of one's life, or of a whole life. This may be an enjoyment of the fruits, of the 'harvest', as well as at the same time experienced as loss. It is the other side of the entry into manifestation; the exit, or re-entry into the manifesting.
The Season of Lammas celebrates the consuming of the 'Food' which all being is … the turning over of the 'crop' back into the field whence it grew. This Seasonal Moment may celebrate the beauty of the Dark, which usually gets such short shrift in our cultural context. It also marks the sobering reality of the passing of All.
Both Imbolc and Lammas may be Moments on the Seasonal Wheel for dedication: one is a dedication to the small particular and unique self, and the other is a dedication to the large/deep self … and they are never separate. The small self to whom we may dedicate ourselves at Imbolc is grounded in the Deep/Large Self to whom we all belong; this self grows out of the fertility and sentience in which we are immersed – the Dark Matter/Mother to whom we may dedicate ourselves and sink into, at Lammas.
Imbolc with its task of nurturing of new life, and standing with integrity and truth of being, is not for the faint-hearted. And we need much more of it in these times. This is classically understood as a "maternal" task, and so it has been: and its value has commonly not been given its due. It requires the skill and daring of a spiritual warrior. More true Maternal mind is required in our times, by all of us – all genders, in whatever role you play each day. May it be so. Some video reflections may be enjoyed here: PaGaian Imbolc 2009 and PaGaian Imbolc 2008.
Lammas may be celebrated with the understanding that we are each and all the food/daily bread, the grain, consumed – actually in every moment. Each being and all creativity is constantly given over. Lammas is the "funeral" Moment, the consuming of the year's harvest, of perhaps decades of harvest; and it reminds of life's harvest … this is both a joy and a sorrow. A video reflection may be enjoyed here: PaGaian Lammas 2010. Cosmologist Brian Swimme offers a reflection on The Sacred Cosmological Dynamic of Loss: over the years I have learnt much about this Seasonal Moment by understanding more of the Universe story, which is the story of Who we are, and embraces transformation.
Imbolc and Lammas are One: that is, the Not-Yet beckons always, even as we dissolve. The differentiated self comes out of the Well of Creativity – directly: these qualities of being, of Cosmogenesis, are One. An article that speaks to the mirror reflection of Imbolc and Lammas is Making Sacred: Space for the Not-Yet – originally written during Lammas in the Southern Hemisphere (Imbolc in N.H.). I may write it slightly differently now, but some may find useful thoughts there.
by She who tends the Flame of Being, deeply committed to Self, and Who is True.
Some Imbolc and Lammas story may be found in Appendix F of PaGaian Cosmology, and ritual scripts are offered in Chapter 7 – the on-line versions are a bit different from the paper copy versions, as they evolve. There is a lot of scope for many diverse ceremonial expressions – it depends so much on your particular place and passions how you may choose to express the Poetry of the Moment.
Imbolc/Early Spring or Lammas/Late Summer meditations are offered on PaGaian Cosmology Meditations CDs to nurture your participation in this Seasonal transition – either just for yourself or for a group. The tracks may be purchased individually or you may choose to purchase the whole set.
Some Imbolc and Lammas story may be found in Appendix F of PaGaian Cosmology, or if you have a paper version of the book there is an Index for references throughout. These Seasonal Moments in relationship to the whole Wheel of the Year may be found in Chapter 5, and ritual scripts are offered in Chapter 7, though they have always evolved, and have been adapted to personal and regional poetics: you may note that the on-line versions are different from those in the paper copy of the book.
re the name "Lughnasad" for this Season: There has been conversation amongst Goddess scholars about the name for this Seasonal Moment after Summer Solstice. It is commonly named amongst Pagans as "Lughnasad" after the Celtic Sun/Grain God Lugh, but as Lawrence Durdin-Robertson suggests in his book "The Year of the Goddess" (Aquarian Press 1990, p.143 quoting Adam McLean "The Four Fire Festivals" 1979, p. 21), originally the Deity of the harvest was the Goddess named Tailtu (reportedly Lugh's "foster-mother") so the name Tailtunasad has been suggested by Cheryl Straffon in this issue of Goddess Alive! Many (including myself) have preferred the name of Lammas, but some think it is a Christian term: however some sources say that Lammas means "feast of the bread" which is how I have understood it … and surely such a feast pre-dates Christianity.


text:
Iran's intelligence agencies blame one another for scientist's assassination
Iranian security agencies are blaming each other for the lapse which led to the killing of the country's top nuclear scientist in Tehran on Friday.
Mohsen Fakhrizadeh was killed in broad daylight in a targeted attack on his car, despite having bodyguards from the elite Revolutionary Guards Security Force.
Commander Hossein Dehghan, a former defence minister, told state TV that Fakhrizadeh had been killed because of 'infiltration into Iran's security structure', after witnesses said a group of gunmen had opened fire on the scientist's car.
But semi-official media linked to the Guards has published more elaborate accounts of an unmanned, high-tech operation involving a remote-controlled machine gun and carried out 'without any assassin at the scene'.
Today, CNN quoted a US official saying that Israel was behind the assassination, a theory which Iran has openly endorsed and which Israel has not commented on.
Mourners including Iran's judiciary chief Ayatollah Ebrahim Raisi look at the coffin of slain nuclear scientist Mohsen Fakhrizadeh in Tehran on Saturday following his assassination
Israel gets new missile boat as tensions rise
Israel received the first of its new missile boats today, with a top naval officer saying the upgrade 'dramatically' improves the country's ability to counter regional rivals, including Iran.
The procurement of four naval vessels and three submarines from German industrial giant Thyssenkrupp has been the subject of long-running corruption probes involving top allies of PM Benjamin Netanyahu.
But graft allegations aside, the ships themselves form a key part of a major naval upgrade in the Jewish state, Israel's head of naval operations said last week.
Eyal Harel said the new fleet would bolster the navy's capacity to defend increasingly lucrative offshore natural gas assets from rivals like Lebanon's Shiite group Hezbollah, which receives backing from Iran.
According to a September article by the Center for International Maritime Security, a Washington-based think-tank, the ships and new submarines will enhance Israel's capacity to launch a direct strike on Iran.
The vessels – Saar 6-class corvettes – are equipped with 'the (most) sophisticated radar on board any vessel in the world,' Harel said.
The first Saar 6, the INS Magen, arrived at Haifa's port on Wednesday.
The unnamed official said Israel has sometimes shared intelligence with the US before carrying out covert operations in Iran, but did not say whether the White House knew about Fakhrizadeh's killing before it happened.
Fears have grown that Middle East players will exploit the lengthy transition period in the US to inflame tensions and complicate Joe Biden's efforts to mend relations with Iran when he takes office in January.
Trump withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal in 2018 and began reimposing crippling sanctions, but Biden has promised a return to diplomacy.
Iran's president Rouhani says Iran will seek its revenge for the assassination in 'due time' and not be rushed into a 'trap'.
Rouhani on Saturday accused Israel of acting as a 'mercenary' for the United States by carrying out the assassination.
Israel has not commented on the incident but in the past has acknowledged pursuing covert operations against Iran's nuclear programme to gather intelligence.
In 2018, Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Israel had smuggled a trove of of paper and digital files on Iran's secret nuclear weapons programme out of the Islamic Republic. Iran rejected this as fraudulent.
Netanyahu had identified Fakhrizadeh as a prime player in what it says is Iran's nuclear weapons quest, although Tehran denies seeking nuclear arms.
Fakhrizadeh is the fifth nuclear scientist killed in targeted attacks since 2010, exposing apparent flaws in Iran's security apparatus.
Iran has given contradictory details of the killing of Fakhrizadeh. Shortly after he was killed, witnesses told state television that a truck exploded before a group of gunmen opened fire on Fakhrizadeh's car.
Government spokesman Rabiei said on Tuesday that the intelligence ministry had warned the scientist's bodyguards weeks in advance about a possible attack, according to the New York Times.
The Revolutionary Guards' Security Force, or Close Protection Unit, assigns bodyguards and security officers to top military and civilian officials.
'This crime could have been prevented if security protocols has been followed and they had been a little more careful,' Rabiei said.
Fakhrizadeh was killed in broad daylight in an attack on his car (which is pictured in the aftermath of the assassination on Friday)
Mohsen Fakhrizadeh (left) was described by Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei (right) as 'the country's prominent and distinguished nuclear and defensive scientist'
Another Iranian security official said that the assassins 'obviously operated based on detailed intelligence about martyr Fakhrizadeh's movements'.
'It is clearly a security weakness and many questions should be answered,' said the official, who asked not to be named because of the sensitivity of the matter.
'We should know whether there are spies among security people and locate the leak. This is essential for us.'
An alternative account was published at the weekend by Fars News and Tasnim News, two agencies linked to the Guards.
Tasnim said the scientist had been killed in a 'complicated operation that involved electronic equipment without any assassin at the scene. '
On Sunday, Ali Shamkhani, secretary of the Supreme National Security Council of Iran, told state TV it was 'a very sophisticated assassination that was carried out remotely with electronic devices' and with no people on the ground.
'There are conflicting accounts on how Fakhrizadeh was assassinated, but a degree of infiltration is certain and this is what worries the Islamic Republic the most,' said Kasra Aarabi, an Iran analyst at the Tony Blair Institute for Change think tank.
'We have no idea whether these reports of a satellite-controlled-truck-mounted-machine-gun are true, but they serve two key purposes for Tehran: trying to deflect embarrassment by portraying the assassination as remarkably sophisticated; and showing how quickly they can crack the case,' said Henry Rome, senior analyst with Eurasia Group.
Fakhrizadeh's killing comes months after a US drone strike in Iraq killed Qassem Soleimani, head of the Revolutionary Guards' elite Quds Force.
While Soleimani was considered a 'terrorist' by the US, he was revered as a national hero in Iran where his death led to a massive outpouring of public mourning.
Tehran retaliated by launching missile strikes against US targets in Iraq, before the Guards caused a further crisis by clumsily shooting down a passenger plane.


We've RS Gold got created a manual that strolls you through your difficult job of having the proper Diablo Three or more Barbarian Build. You are able to toss the capabilities, weapons and also rune rocks jointly any way you like, nevertheless to generate successful combinations you will have to have a manual. The 1st will be the fury turbines just like:Bash with all the current glowing blue runestone. You can enhance your harm through 80 % in the event you keep the rune natural stone aficionado for 8/80% for all of some time. It's parallels to be able to party nevertheless, an individual enhance your assault pace simply by 14 % along with every stack, and you can build up to 5 periods. For every pile it will also enhance your strike harm by simply all day and %. In the sweet 4 2nd period, you're going to get a 75 percent invasion velocity further plus a monstrous hundred and twenty greater harm bonus. Because of this you are able to madness as well as bash absent concurrently so you might keep RS2 Gold several of the lovers high (increased) so that you can get yourself a fill regarding unutilized craze. Use this abandoned trend to be able to increase the harm expertise further when working with the particular sort of the ancients.
We want a single targeted in order to endure one of the most harm, hence the red rune were utilized to improve the particular tool damage capability derived from one of number of and 80 percent to a few hundred or so and ninety-six per cent. Using this included in the Best Diablo Three Develop, then make use of the red-colored rune stone in addition to:Struggle Craze. You may boost the harm anyone supply by missing the particular retracted with this ancients every a few seconds approximately. So just overlook it you might be whacking as well as RuneScape Gold frenzying. This could build-up (enhance) the injury by simply 100 % due to the red-colored runestone. Then you definitely have got your current situational active expertise and also the 1st one particular you ought to add to the create to obtain a wonderful individual targeted detrimental barbarian is actually:Engulf while using reddish gemstone. The particular overpower can be an capacity which is not going to expense this barbarian any fury, while you crit with an attack you can go ahead and cast overpower effortlessly.


MoMingle.com is a place for people to post location-based messages on a map. You can post to mingle, rant or rave about anything. You can post to find someone to have a drink, play golf or watch movies with. You can post to recycle or sell your old stuff or find a job. We don't really care how you use it as long as it is legal, won't harm anyone and is not spam. MoMingle.com is not a social networking site. You probably won't be able to connect with your old friends here. You might find some new friends here but we don't promise that either. MoMingle.com is not a microblogging site. Posting your status every 5 minutes in this site is probably not a good use of this site.
We only store your login, password and email after you created your account. We will not share this information with anyone unless there is a court order. We will never ask you to give out any other personal information. If you get an email from us asking you for your personal information, it is not from us and you should ignore it. It is not a good idea to post your private information on any post or public reply. It means that it is not a good idea to post your real name, email, address, phone number, age, bank account number, your mother's name, your pet's name, etc. When you post a message, please don't use the exact location of your home address or work address unless you want some weirdo who lives in the basement with his mother knocking on your door. You don't have to specify the street number or even street name in the location field if you dont' want to.
We are nobody. We don't exist in real world. There is no "We". "We" exist only in the cyberspace.
Why did you create this website? Aren't there a million websites like this one out there already?
We created it because we can and we thought it might be fun and useful to other people. Counting websites and categorizing them is not our hobby. Developing useless websites is our hobby. We don't know how many websites like this one out there and we don't really care.


Equivalent OEM part number: SM9FLATA40TIGT, SDP3B-40-489.
This ATA PCMCIA 40MB flash card is made by Gigaram. This module is in stock and can ship today. This module may be Refurbished.
- This ATA-40MB carries a Memory(x) 1 year exchange or repair warranty against manufacturing defects. It may also be returned in original condition within 14 days of delivery for full credit minus shipping. We also supply unlimited lifetime tech support for this item.


text:
Q: How to use multiple passes with gawk? I'm trying to use GAWK from CYGWIN to process a csv file.  Pass 1 finds the max value, and pass 2 prints the records that match the max value.  I'm using a .awk file as input.  When I use the text in the manual, it matches on both passes.  I can use the IF form as a workaround, but that forces me to use IF inside every pattern match, which is kind of a pain.  Any idea what I'm doing wrong?
Here's my .awk file:
pass == 1
{
    print "pass1 is", pass;
}

pass == 2
{
if(pass == 2)
    print "pass2 is", pass;
}

Here's my output (input file is just "hello):
hello
pass1 is 1
pass1 is 2
hello
pass2 is 2

Here's my command line:
gawk -F , -f test.awk pass=1 x.txt pass=2 x.txt

I'd appreciate any help.

A: An (g)awk solution might look like this:
awk 'FNR == NR{print "1st pass"; next}
     {print "second pass"}' x.txt x.txt

(Please replace awk by gawk if necessary.)
Let's say, you wanted to search the maximum value in the first column of file x.txt and then print all lines which have this value in the first column, your program might look like this (thank to Ed Morton for some tip, see comment):
awk -F"," 'FNR==NR {max = ( (FNR==1) || ($1 > max) ? $1 : max ); next}
           $1==max'  x.txt x.txt

The output for x.txt:
6,5
2,6
5,7
6,9

is
6,5
6,9

How does this work? The variable NR keeps increasing with every record, whereas FNR is reset to 1 when reading a new file. Therefore, FNR==NR is only true for the first file processed.

A: So...  F.Knorr answered your question accurately and concisely, and he deserves a big green checkmark.  NR==FNR is exactly the secret sauce you're looking for.
But here is a different approach, just in case the multi-pass thing proves to be problematic.  (Perhaps you're reading the file from a slow drive, a USB stick, across a network, DAT tape, etc.)
awk -F, '$1>m{delete l;n=0;m=$1}m==$1{l[++n]=$0}END{for(i=1;i<=n;i++)print l[i]}' inputfile

Or, spaced out for easier reading:
BEGIN {
  FS=","
}

$1 > max {
  delete list           # empty the array
  n=0                   # reset the array counter
  max=$1                # set a new max
}

max==$1 {
  list[++n]=$0          # record the line in our array
}

END {
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++) {   # print the array in order of found lines.
    print list[i]
  }
}

With the same input data that F.Knorr tested with, I get the same results.
The idea here is that go through the file in ONE pass.  We record every line that matches our max in an array, and if we come across a value that exceeds the max, we clear the array and start collecting lines afresh.
This approach is heaver on CPU and memory (depending on the size of your dataset), but being single pass, it is likely to be lighter on IO.

A: The issue here is that newlines matter to awk.
# This does what I should have done:
pass==1 {print "pass1 is", pass;}
pass==2 {if (pass==2) print "pass2 is", pass;}

# This is the code in my question:
# When pass == 1, do nothing
pass==1
# On every condition, do this
    {print "pass1 is", pass;}
# When pass == 2, do nothing
pass==2
# On every condition, do this
    {if (pass==2) print "pass2 is", pass;}

Using pass==1, pass==2 isn't as elegant, but it works.


text:
Рейтинг новинних сайтів від ІнАУ

Інтернет Асоціація України спільно з Similarweb підбили підсумки рейтингу 100 онлайн-медіа за II квартал (квітень-червень 2021 року). Рейтинг онлайн-медіа спільно з Similarweb — це вже другий рейтинг, який складений за кількістю унікальних відвідувачів за квартал (середньомісячний показник) на основі закритих даних платформи Similarweb.

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Рейтинг топ-100 українських онлайн-медіа
Рейтинг топ-100 українських онлайн-медіа, редакції та головний офіс яких знаходяться на території України (II квартал 2021)

Джерело
 https://www.slideshare.net/AdcomUIA/similarweb-ii-2021

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


OKEECHOBEE — The United States House of Representatives Thursday passed the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation (WIIN) Act, which includes funding for the Central Everglades Planning Project (CEPP).
The WIIN Act of 2016 is a comprehensive water bill that addresses the needs of America's harbors, locks, dams, flood protection and other water resources infrastructure.
The WIIN act contains much of the language originally passed in the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 2016 which was critical to restoring the Everglades. WRDA passed through both the House and Senate by overwhelming margins and the WIIN Act is the product of the resulting bicameral negotiations.
Title one of the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act authorizes flood protection projects, hurricane damage reduction programs, shoreline protection projects and environmental restoration projects.
The bill specifically authorizes the Central Everglades Planning Project which will improve the quantity, quality, timing and distribution of water flows to the northern estuaries, central Everglades National Park and Florida Bay, while increasing water supply for municipalities, industry and agricultural users.
According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, CEPP will identify and plan for projects on land already in public ownership to allow more water to be directed south to the central Everglades, Everglades National Park and Florida Bay.
This legislation will return Congress to the regular order of authorizing water projects and then appropriating necessary funds, allowing lawmakers to identify and prioritize which projects need completing instead of ceding that control to the administration. This will improve congressional oversight while also increasing local participation in project selection. Also, this bill authorizes much-needed investments in ports, channels, locks and dams that support our maritime transportation system, strengthening our competitiveness and ensuring our transportation system remains attractive to private sector job creation. Most importantly, this bill accomplishes these goals and many others in a fiscally responsible manner, off-setting new authorizations by allowing the authorizations of inactive projects to sunset.
Additionally, this legislation authorizes programs to improve drinking water infrastructure across the nation, address control of coal combustion residuals, improve water storage and delivery for drought-stricken communities and improve environmental conservation and management.
"I am pleased the House passed this legislation that is vital to our water infrastructure. This bill includes the Water Resources Development Act of 2016, containing several provisions that positively impact our Southern Florida waterways and Everglades National Park," said Congressman Mario Diaz-Balart (FL-25). "By investing in our nation's ports, dams, and drinking water services, we are not only helping the local economy, but also the families across the country that rely on having easy access to safe drinking water. The legislation also focuses on reducing the backlog of projects the Army Corps of Engineers have, saving taxpayer dollars and allowing the most important and necessary projects to be prioritized.
• $220 million for Port Everglades dredging.