On November 21, 2013, in Hartney Fuel Oil Company v. Hamer, the Illinois Supreme Court determined that the longstanding regulations for sourcing sales for local sales and use tax purposes promulgated by the Illinois Department of Revenue (the "Department") were invalid.1 The Supreme Court's decision was also notable because the court applied the Illinois Taxpayers Bill of Rights2 to protect the taxpayer against liability and penalties for periods in which the taxpayer relied on flawed regulations. The Hartney decision, however, has resulted in a situation where chaos and uncertainty will govern the sourcing of transactions for Illinois local sales tax purposes until a new sourcing can be established through the promulgation of new regulations or the passage of new legislation.
Local sales tax rates vary in Illinois. This has resulted in local jurisdictions competing for sales tax revenue by offering businesses tax-sharing arrangements. Under these arrangements, local taxing jurisdictions would offer businesses tax benefits as an incentive to source their sales to the jurisdiction. These tax-sharing arrangements relied on the Illinois sales tax sourcing regulations, in particular 86 Ill. Admin. Code § 220.115, which sourced sales to the local jurisdiction where the order resulting in the sale was accepted by the vendor.
In Hartney, the Illinois Supreme Court affirmed the decisions of the lower courts, which had held that the bright line sourcing rule in the Department's regulation, based on the place of order acceptance, was not a valid interpretation of either the Home Rule County, the Home Rule Municipal, or the Regional Transportation Authority Retailers Occupation Tax Acts.3 However, the Illinois Supreme Court nonetheless held that Hartney Fuel Oil Company ("Hartney") and any other similarly situated taxpayers that relied on the Department's invalid regulations to source sales for local sales tax purposes for prior periods were entitled to a full abatement of tax, interest and penalty because of their detrimental reliance on the Department's invalid regulations.
Hartney, a retailer of fuel oil, maintained a home office in Forest View, Illinois, located in Cook County. Hartney simultaneously maintained a sales office in a separate location in the Village of Mark, situated in Putnam County, Illinois. The Mark office was the location where Hartney accepted all of its orders. Under this arrangement, Hartney did not source any of its sales to Forest View, and thus, was able to avoid collecting the retail occupation taxes of Cook County, the Village of Forest View, and the Regional Transportation Authority on its sales. Instead, Hartney sourced its sales to Mark and, as a result, was able to apply a much lower local tax rate to its sales.
The Department audited Hartney for the period January 1, 2005 through June 30, 2007, and determined the proper situs of Hartney's sales to be Forest View, not Mark. As a consequence, the Department assessed Hartney with more than $20 million of tax, interest, and penalty. Hartney paid the assessment and sued for a refund in Putnam County Circuit Court. Putnam County and the Village of Mark joined in the case seeking declaratory and injunctive relief to find Mark to be the proper situs of Hartney's selling activity. Forest View, Cook County and the Regional Transportation Authority intervened as defendants.
At issue were the legislative intent of the local retail occupation tax ("ROT") statutes and the interpretation of these statutes by the Department's administrative regulations. Hartney argued that the plain language of the regulations established a bright-line test for determining the situs of retail occupation tax liability based on the location of order acceptance. The Department argued that the regulations required a fact-intensive inquiry, based on the totality of the circumstances to determine where the "business of selling" took place. The location of order acceptance was an important, but not a determinative, factor in this determination.
Was the Department's Regulation a Valid Implementation of the Local ROT Statutes?
In invalidating the Department's sourcing regulation, the Illinois Supreme Court determined that it was not a valid interpretation of the various local ROT statutes.
The court determined that the legislative intent of the local ROT statutes was to permit home rule municipalities and counties to enact retail occupation taxes to place some of the burden of paying for local government services on the retailers who enjoyed the benefits of those services. Thus, the court concluded that that the Department's regulation impermissibly narrowed the application of the local ROT Acts, because it ignored the fact-intensive inquiry contemplated in Ex-Cell-O. Instead, by focusing exclusively on one factor to determine the tax situs of sales, the Department's regulation impermissibly limited the scope of the local ROTs in a way that the legislature had never intended.
In Hartney's case, the bulk of the selling activities of the business, including marketing, inventory, pricing, and cultivating sales relationships, occurred in Forest View. In contrast, only limited sales activity took place in Mark. Under the Department's regulation, Hartney's sales were sourced to Mark based purely on the fact that orders were accepted in Mark, notwithstanding the fact that the bulk of Hartney's sales activities took place in Forest View. Thus, under the Department's regulation, Hartney would have been able to enjoy the benefits of services offered by Forest View, Cook County and the local transportation district, without contributing to the tax base of any of those jurisdictions. Therefore, the court held the Department's regulation to be invalid.
Notwithstanding its determination that the Department's sourcing regulation was invalid, the Illinois Supreme Court barred the Department from collecting the assessed tax, interest and penalties from Hartney, because Hartney had relied on the Department's regulation in determining not to source its sales to Forest View. The court determined that under the Taxpayers' Bill of Rights, the Department had a duty to abate taxes and penalties assessed based upon erroneous written information or advice given by the Department.6 In this case, Hartney had acted consistently with the Department's sourcing regulation, and therefore the court upheld the abatement of Hartney's penalties and retail occupation tax liability for the audit period.
In the world of Illinois sales taxation, sourcing by place of order acceptance was one of the basic principles. The sudden elimination of that principle by the court's decision will have several likely consequences.
Of course, all sales tax sourcing software is, for now, uncertain in its accuracy. While the Hartney case was pending, the Department proposed draft regulations that identified multiple indicia as determinative of where the selling activity took place. However, the Department's proposed draft failed to identify which indicia were to be treated as decisive if found in one location. As a consequence, the proposal would merely have emboldened every local jurisdiction in which one indicia of a vendor's selling activities occurred to either sue other local jurisdictions for the ROT revenue collected by that vendor, or to file claims with the Department for erroneous distribution of local ROT revenues. The same flaw that doomed the Department's proposed draft – failure to prioritize among the indicia of where selling activity occurs – also doomed fledgling legislative efforts that were undertaken during the pendency of the Hartney case.
In fact, it is now conceivable that a vendor that is currently collecting and remitting the Illinois Use Tax on its business transactions may, as a result of the fact-intensive inquiry required by Hartney, determine that the contacts with Illinois that give it nexus for use-tax collection purposes now define the location where its sale is made, and those contacts should now determine the local jurisdiction that has the authority to require the vendor to collect its ROT. After all, if order acceptance is not the controlling factor in sourcing sales, and neither is the location of inventory, then even if those two factors are outside Illinois, there may be other factors, beyond mere solicitation of sales, that are within Illinois and sufficiently strong to cause the vendor's selling activity to be sourced to a local jurisdiction within Illinois for local ROT purposes. All vendors will now need to review their sales tax sourcing determinations based on a fact-intensive inquiry, which includes a review of all business actions from the preparation for, and the obtaining of, orders for goods to the final consummation of the sale.
Economic development projects that were financed in part by local sales tax revenues, like tax increment financing or sales tax-backed bonds, may be affected as well. It is unclear how large the impact will be, but one cannot eliminate the possibility that a shift in sales tax revenues away from a local ROT jurisdiction to other local ROT jurisdictions would be a source of concern for investors in instruments issued or guaranteed by the local ROT jurisdiction that is losing tax revenue.
The Taxpayer Bill of Rights protects taxpayers against liability and penalties that occur as a result of the taxpayer's reliance on erroneous written information issued by the Department, but it does not apply to claims by local governments against the Department. As a consequence, claims for the Department to reallocate previously distributed local ROT revenues may increase in frequency as a result of the Supreme Court's holding in Hartney. However, if such claims become too frequent or too intense, this may lead to a legislative solution sooner rather than later.
The Department has not yet given any indication of whether it will treat vendor reliance on the Department's sourcing regulation after November 21, 2013 as protected by the Taxpayer Bill of Rights, or whether it will allow vendors to continue to rely on the Department's sourcing regulation at least until the date when the Supreme Court issues a mandate to the lower court, rendering its decision final. It is also unclear whether the Department intends to fill the gap in guidance by issuing an emergency regulation, or whether the Department will defer issuing guidance to allow the legislature an opportunity to provide guidance on an expedited basis.
Until a new law or regulation is in place, everyone claiming to represent a jurisdiction where any aspect of a vendor's selling activity (other than the order acceptance) occurs can file suit seeking to lay claim to the vendor's local ROT collections. Thus, vendors may face suits based on local ROT rate differences from class action, consumer protection, and false claim lawyers, or they may suffer unprecedented consequences from adjustments to local tax distributions that counties and municipalities may obtain from the Department. In other words, until new legislation or regulations governing the sourcing of sales are in effect, vendors will have exposure for local ROT anywhere their business activities extend.
Reed Smith's State Tax Team will monitor developments closely and provide updates as needed. If you are interested in more details on the application of Illinois' sales tax sourcing rules in the wake of the Hartney decision, please contact one of the authors of this alert, or the Reed Smith attorney with whom you normally work. For more information on Reed Smith's Illinois tax practice, visit www.reedsmith.com/iltax.
Hartney Fuel Oil Co. v. Hamer, Ill., No. 2013 IL 115130 (Nov. 21, 2013).
20 ILCS 2520/4(c) (West 2008).
Home Rule County Retailer's Occupation Tax Law 55 ILCS 5/5-1006 (West 2012), the Home Rule Municipal Retailers' Occupation Tax Act 65 ILCS 5/8-11-1 (West 2012), and the Regional Transportation Authority Act 70 ILCS 3615/4.03 (West 2012).


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package com.google.cloud.iot.v1.samples;

// [START iot_v1_generated_devicemanagerclient_sendcommandtodevice_devicenamebytestringstring_sync]
import com.google.cloud.iot.v1.DeviceManagerClient;
import com.google.cloud.iot.v1.DeviceName;
import com.google.cloud.iot.v1.SendCommandToDeviceResponse;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;

public class SyncSendCommandToDeviceDevicenameBytestringString {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    syncSendCommandToDeviceDevicenameBytestringString();
  }

  public static void syncSendCommandToDeviceDevicenameBytestringString() throws Exception {
    // This snippet has been automatically generated and should be regarded as a code template only.
    // It will require modifications to work:
    // - It may require correct/in-range values for request initialization.
    // - It may require specifying regional endpoints when creating the service client as shown in
    // https://cloud.google.com/java/docs/setup#configure_endpoints_for_the_client_library
    try (DeviceManagerClient deviceManagerClient = DeviceManagerClient.create()) {
      DeviceName name = DeviceName.of("[PROJECT]", "[LOCATION]", "[REGISTRY]", "[DEVICE]");
      ByteString binaryData = ByteString.EMPTY;
      String subfolder = "subfolder153561774";
      SendCommandToDeviceResponse response =
          deviceManagerClient.sendCommandToDevice(name, binaryData, subfolder);
    }
  }
}
// [END iot_v1_generated_devicemanagerclient_sendcommandtodevice_devicenamebytestringstring_sync]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: What does $\hat{\theta}_n = \theta + O_p(n^{-1/2})$ mean in terms of rates? For $\hat{\theta}_n = \theta + O_p(n^{-1/2})$ we have $$\hat{\theta}_n - \theta =  O_p(n^{-1/2})$$
Therefore, we have for any $\epsilon > 0$, there exists a finite $M > 0$ and finite $N > 0$ such that for all $n > N$,
$$P\left(|\sqrt{n}(\hat{\theta}_n-\theta)| > M\right) < \epsilon$$ The above means that $\sqrt{n} (\hat{\theta}_n -\theta)$ is bounded in probability.
However, what exactly does $\hat{\theta}_n - \theta = O_p(n^{-1/2})$ mean in words? Is it that "the difference between $\hat{\theta}_n$ and $\theta_n$ is diminishing at rate $n^{-1/2}$"?

A: It depends on what you are referring to with "the difference between $\hat \theta_n$ and $\theta_n$".
Intuitively, it means that the larger $n$ becomes, the less likely it is that the difference is not less than proportional to $n^{-1/2}$. But there could always be cases where this is not true, it's only that they get exceedingly unlikely.

A: I like to view this intuitively in terms of quantiles. Then the notation for 'probability distributions' becomes exactly the same as 'regular' Landau-notation.
The expression $P\left(|\sqrt{n}(\hat{\theta}_n-\theta)| > M\right) < \epsilon$ means also that the $\epsilon$-th quantile $Q_{\epsilon}(  \vert\hat{\theta}_n-\theta\vert)$ of the distribution of $\vert \hat{\theta}_n-\theta   \vert $ is smaller than or equal to $M \cdot  \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}$ at least for some sufficiently large $n>N$. And this is true for every quantile $\epsilon$.
The difference with small $o$ notation is that small-$o$ is independent of $M$. For every $M$ there will be some large enough $n>N$ such that the quantile is smaller.
With $O(f(n))$ we get that $\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{Q_{\epsilon}(  \vert\hat{\theta}_n-\theta\vert)}{f(n)} \leq M$.  With $o(f(n))$ we get that $\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{Q_{\epsilon}(  \vert\hat{\theta}_n-\theta\vert)}{f(n)} = 0$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"The difference between men and little boys is the price of their toys."
The DeLorean is one of the iconic film vehicles made popular by the sci-fi trilogy "Back to the Future". Although the car itself is not the best in the world when it comes to engine power, the design alone can easily turn heads and make people reminisce of the amazing film. The car's design is currently owned by the DeLorean Motor Company which was revived solely to produce the iconic vehicle (properly called the DMC-12).
The DeLorean Motor Company or the DMC is a relatively small company and it should come as a surprise when they recently announced that an all-electric version of the popular DMC vehicle is coming in 2013. The vehicle will feature a maximum speed of 125mph and could cost no less than $90,000. For every film and sci-fi buff, the all-electric DeLorean actually makes perfect sense since it represents time travel.
But aside from its iconic representation, the all-electric DeLorean can actually help UK car owners. Electric cars are considered as vehicles with alternative fuels which means owners of electric vehicles will not pay for congestion charges. Discounts on parking are also possible as electric car owners can enjoy discounts on parking permits in most cities of the UK. Electric car owners also save on road tax since the VED or Vehicle Excise Duty is based on CO2 emissions. Since electric vehicles don't emit anything, owners of the vehicle don't have to pay for road tax. Some companies also charge owners low priced car insurance on the vehicles.
Last but not the least; the government is offering grants to potential car owners. Grants of up to are provided as discount to the final price of the vehicle.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Everyone loves a new word. When Oxford announces its Word of the Year, I sometimes detect behind the buzz of expectation a pang of disappointment that the chosen 'winner' isn't a brand new invention. The romantic allure of a mint-new coinage, the inspiration of a single moment in time, is hard to resist.
The truth is that only 1% of all new words are totally new, and of those an even smaller percentage are conjured up out of thin air. The vast majority of coinages are the product of some kind of repurposing, and the result has always been a mix of tradition and innovation. The words of 2013 tell this story well.
Back in 2003 when I wrote my first language report, a survey of recent language change, I estimated that about 5% of all new words were 'blends': assemblages of parts of existing words to make a new one. If Oxford's longlist this year is anything to go by, this percentage is on the up. It includes six such terms: precariat, fatberg, schmeat and frankenburger, twerk, and sharknado. Blends are often clunky, and this crop is no exception, but each of them made a big initial impact and seemed also nicely apt for the curious phenomena they described (respectively, a social class living in a state of financial insecurity, a giant fat ball in London's sewers, a lab-grown burger x 2, a hip-thrusting, bottom-shaking dance move, and a shark-infested tornado). In many ways, 2013 was the year of the linguistic combo.
Oxford's longlist also provides an excellent example of another mechanism of language change, in which (often to the sound of a nation's outrage), a noun becomes a verb. Showrooming is a new and crafty practice whereby shoppers check out a product (over-)thoroughly in-store before buying it more cheaply online. It seems a bland and unobtrusive term for something that is said to have brought down more than one major retail chain, but a word was needed and the gap neatly filled.
If there is one thing that almost guarantees a linguistic invention, it's a new discovery, and this year provided two that might give hope to those searching for innovation on Oxford's list. For over 100 years, scientists have been calling one member of the raccoon family the 'olingo'. In August, however, a curator at Washington's Smithsonian Museum of Natural History realized that the animal living in the cloud forests of Colombia is actually a different species altogether. A new name was called for, and Kristofer Helgen made the simple if rather safe choice of olinguito, Spanish for 'little olingo'. Meanwhile, a new chemical element was discovered – its importance led to its temporary name being chosen for our longlist, though we may hope that ununpentium has a slightly snappier successor.
Sometimes of course a lack of inventiveness can mean greater transparency (who can forget the mistake of 'deleveraging' from 2009?). This year's longlist includes zero hours, binge-watch, and bedroom tax, all of which succinctly do their jobs. Bitcoin, the internet currency whose name made Oxford's final eight, may be a little more subtle, but it is still admirably clear.
If 'sharknado' seems unlikely to blaze across our skies for very long, another movie-driven candidate on this year's longlist may have a better outlook. Catfishing is the practice of fabricating an online identity in order to trick another person into a romantic liaison. The name comes from a 2010 documentary charting the fate of one such relationship. It features a discussion about how catfish put in a tank of live cod during transportation keep the latter alert and active, thus ensuring better quality flesh at the end. Thanks to the film's subject 'catfishing' slipped into the vernacular to mean online dating of the duplicitous kind. Its curiosity value – and the fact that we clearly needed a name for digital deceit – stand it in good stead to last beyond this year.
Which brings us almost to the end of Oxford's choices. The final two words on the British longlist have a definite new feel to them. First there is chapulling, an edgy word rooted in a Turkish insult for dissidents but which was quickly appropriated by them as a positive nickname and led to the word meaning the action of fighting for one's democratic rights. As the 'Arab Spring' demonstrated, the language of protest is always powerful, and 'chapulling' had arguably the greatest viral power of all candidates this year (followed closely by the harlem shake, another candidate on our longlist thanks to the thousands of video posts of comedy sketches performed to the novelty track).
The single Word of the Year, however, and the one which charted the most emphatic progress on the linguistic graph of 2013, was selfie, the cheeky self-portrait uploaded to a social networking site and a word that is almost new, but not quite. But in its simplicity and versatility (demonstrated by the amount of riffing we've seen already, including the 'legsie' and the 'belfie'), it's clearly a term for our times. Exactly 100 years ago, the cinematic close-up was born – perhaps the 'selfie' is its natural successor.
I'll be listening out for that faint note of disappointment when I tell people about Oxford's words of 2013, but I'm confident it will be less obvious this time. This year, those terms that made the most impact may yet convince New-Word Romantics that novelty can come in many colours.


Explore the sensitive side of Kurt Russell and his love of piloting planes, hunting, navigating the ocean, and starring as a Hollywood action hero. We rate a Gigantes from 1991 with a magnificent 100 points. Felipe Gregorio's Philip Wynne sits for a Q&A, and we highlight a Savile Row suit shop as well as the rise of U.S. Major League Soccer.


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An Unfashionable Mind
Bettina Bien Greaves March 1, 2002	 November 18, 2020 Leave a comment
Israel Kirzner is well-qualified to write about Ludwig von Mises. He studied under him at New York University, earned his Ph.D. under him in 1957, and then joined the NYU faculty where he taught economics until his recent retirement. Kirzner has written eleven books which apply and expand on the economics he learned from Mises, treating such topics as competition, entrepreneurship, the market process, and justice. In this book, Kirzner summarizes Mises' major contributions – in areas of economics like competition and monopoly, price theory, monetary theory, the trade cycle, and the economics of socialism – as well as the epistemological and methodological basis for economics and all of the social sciences.
He also shows how Mises' teachings were eclipsed by the rise of Keynesian and "neoclassical" economic concepts such as "economic equilibrium" and "perfect competition," how they were increasingly sidetracked and ignored as irrelevant, old- fashioned, and out-of-step with modern developments. And he reports that Mises' ideas have undergone a stunning resurgence since his death in 1973. Kirzner's final judgment is that Mises' teachings will endure.
Who was Ludwig von Mises? If asked this question, most people would probably answer "Ludwig who?" After all, Mises is not in the news; he is not a mainstream figure; he was not in politics or entertainment, and he died almost 30 years ago. So, who cares?
Ludwig von Mises might be considered by some to be an unimportant "has-been." He was born in 1881 in Austria-Hungary – a country that no longer exists. His first book was published a century ago, in 1902. He was a soldier in World War I – and fought on the losing side. After the war ended, he returned home to Vienna, taught there at the university, and became an economic adviser to the Austrian government. When Hitler came to power in Germany and it became apparent that Austria would not be able to remain independent, Mises went to Switzerland to teach. All chances of going back to Vienna were foreclosed when the Germans annexed Austria in 1938, and the Nazis stripped him of his Austrian citizenship. World War II overwhelmed Switzerland with war refugees and Mises began to feel he was no longer welcome there. In 1940, he finished the spring term at the Graduate Institute of International Studies and left for the United States, arriving in New York on Aug. 2, 1940.
Ludwig von Mises had earned considerable renown and respect in Europe during the 1920s and 1930s as a serious scholar and author of several important books. But when he arrived in this country in 1940, he was a rather
Kirzner portrays Mises as a man dedicated uncompromisingly to scientific inquiry, who refused to compromise or to be deterred by the unpopularity of his ideas.
obscure 59-year-old scholar. Only two of his books had been translated into English and their distribution had been limited. "For all his renown in the German-speaking (and German- reading) segment of the economics profession," Kirzner notes, "Mises' books and papers were virtually unknown to the vast majority of the international profession, for whom the only language of relevance was English" (p. 53). He was a stranger in a strange land. Moreover, the rise of Keynesianism and "[t]he dominant changes in economic theorizing and economic methods (characterized by the explosive growth of mathematical economics and econometrics) since 1930," not to speak of changes in economic ideology, "made Mises appear, to U.S. economists, thoroughly old- fashioned and out of step, both doctrinally and methodologically" (23). Kirzner believes Mises probably didn't even realize himself the extent to which his views on economics differed from the mainstream ideas that were emerging. However, as Kirzner points out, Mises' ideas were to undergo a stunning resurgence after his death.
Mises' approach to economics represented a startling departure from that in vogue when he was writing. In his first important book – The Theory of Money and Credit (German, 1912; English translation, 1934) – he traced monetary theory back to basics. He pointed out clearly that money was a market phenomenon arising out of the actions, decisions, and choices of men on the basis of their subjective values; it was not, a government creation. In contradiction to the orthodoxy of his day, he maintained further that (1) subjective value marginal utility' theory applied to money, (2) money was not "neutral," and (3) government has no special role with respect to money other than it did generally in commercial matters.
His second really important work was Socialism (German, 1922; English translation, 1936). Here Mises attributed the economic failures of a socialist society to the absence of private property and a market economy. In a socialist society without private ownership and exchanges there would be no owners and traders competing with one another to generate prices for property, goods, and services. Without private ownership and exchanges, without
produce, where to produce it, or how to produce it.
The Law of the Market
It became evident with the publication of Mises' Epistemological Problems of Economics (German, 1933; English translation, 1962), that his views on epistemology and', methodo}ogy were, in Kirzner's words, "intellectually revolutionary" (71). For Mises, the science of economics was neither a historical nor a mathematical discipline; it was the study of purposive, conscious, intentional actions, choices, and decisions of men based on their preferences and subjective values. As a result of countless individual human choices, actions, and decisions there develops a tendency toward regularity in the market. "These systematic tendencies make up the so-called 'laws' of economics" (80). As Mises put it, just as there are laws of nature in the natural world, so there are economic "laws" in the social realm, "which power and force are unable to alter and to which they must adjust themselves if they hope to achieve success" (72).
To illustrate, economic laws'decree that – other things remaining equal – if the price of a good rises, the demand for it on the market will fall and, at the same time, producers will strive to expand its production. Mises saw the trade cycle and the failures of socialism as consequences of the workings of economic law: Government manipulation of market-determined interest rates lead to the boom-and-bust cycle; government interventions prohibiting private property and preventing voluntary transactions, and cooperation among market participants are responsible for the failures of socialism.
? Mises realized economic laws were "not easily discernible to the eye of the historian or statistician. . . . Only abstract economic theorizing, recognizing the nature and operation of human purposefulness, and recognizing the nature and thrust of human entrepreneurial resourcefulness, is able to identify the systematic tendencies which shape the entrepreneurial – competitive market process" (80) A correct understanding and interpretation of these laws is of concern to everyone, however, for they can guide public policy so as to violate, or to protect, private property ownership and voluntary interpersonal transactions, so as to foster, or to avoid, inflation, government controls and regulations and other interventions that misdirect and distort economic arrangements. Thus, "[a]wareness of these 'laws' on the part of governments can help avoid disastrous policies that might unwittingly run afoul of these systematic tendencies" (80).
When Mises arrived in the United States, he was pretty much ignored by academia. However, a number of businessmen, lawyers, and persons in the medical profession were among those who were at first attracted to him and his ideas. It seemed to outsiders at that
Mises probably didn't even realize himself the extent to which his views on economics differed from the mainstream ideas that were emerging.
time that Mises' teachings were aimed primarily at promoting the special interests of conservatives and business- people. Then, in 1945, Mises began teaching a class at New York University and in the fall of 1948 the NYU Seminar started attracting a few students who would"make a not insignificant impact on late-twentieth-century perceptions of Austrian Economics." He encouraged "his small number of close students, pointing them toward academic careers and nurturing their efforts at continuing the purely intellectual tradition of Austrian Economics…. [I]t was from this seminar that Mises' influence toward the late-twentieth-century resurgence of Austrian Economics was
to radiate outwards" (24, 26).
Kirzner portrays Mises as a man
dedicated uncompromisingly to scientific inquiry, a man who was determined to improve his understanding of economic principles, who refused to compromise or to be deterred from his pursuit of economic understanding by the unpopularity of his ideas. "In his 1940 treatise,* and especially in its 1949 English-language, substantially revised version (Human Action), Mises presented the orthodox Austrian ideas in a manner which constituted an almost dramatically fresh statement of that orthodoxy" (59). Its "sheer size and comprehensiveness . . . did not permit it to be entirely ignored, even by a profession which considered Mises an old- fashioned relic of premodern economics. . . . Human Action articulated an entirely fresh restatement of the foundations of Austrian economics in a manner that most definitively and with commanding clarity set that economics apart from the economic thought which had, by mid-century, swept the mainstream stage. . . . When Mises published his Human Action in 1949 the profession considered it as perhaps the last gasp of a moribund tradition; it certainly failed to recognize it as a seminal, original work that for perhaps the first time spelled out with clarity and vigor the distinctive aspects of the Austrian tradition" (62-63).
Human Action was published when Mises was 69 years old. Yet he did not rest on his laurels but continued writing books and articles that have made significant contributions – "Profit and Loss" (1951), Omnipotent Government and Bureaucracy (1944), Planning for Freedom (1952), The Anti-Capitalistic Economy (1956), Theory and History (1957), The Historical Setting of the Austrian School of Economics and The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science (1962).
The Austrian Revival
Since Mises' death in 1973, there has occurred what Kirzner describes as a "remarkable resurgence of Austrian Economics." The "vitality and cogency of Mises' ideas" have been rediscovered. (193)
As Mises put it, just as there are laws of nature, so there are economic laws, "which power and force are unable to alter and to which they must adjust themselves if they hope to achieve success."
Many younger economists, having become" disenchanted with the aridity and artificiality of the model-building approach," have" found intellectual stimulation and satisfaction in Mises' relatively simple, but powerful and fundamental, insights" (194). The result is that after decades, when public policy favored much government intervention in the market economy, "Misesian views concerning the economic incoherence of socialism – and the case for complete, or virtually complete, laissez-faire – have somehow become part and parcel of respectable public policy discourse" (194).
Books and articles are being written on various aspects of Austrian economics, and debates and discussions are taking place. Many of the new Austrian economists question some parts of the Misesian system. "But there can be no doubt that the prime moving element responsible for the resurgence of the Austrian tradition was the impact of the work of Mises himself…. Out of the debates on these issues . . . a broad group of scholars has emerged who are all working within the Austrian tradition, and who recognize the work of Mises as being the most powerful and radical expression of that tradition in the twentieth century" (195).
For Mises, the pursuit of economic science called for 1/ strict adherence to the canons of scientific investigation generally…. [A] genuinely practiced policy of wertfreiheit [freedom from value judgments] was absolutely essential for economists, if their views were to have salutary influence and to command the respect ordinarily accorded to scientific pronouncements" (89-90). However, Mises believed that an economist could keep his scholarly endeavors separate from his personal value judgments, and that science could furnish grounds for making value judgments. Just as value-free medical research can yield sound medical advice, "[v]alue free economic science should be able to generate sound economic policy advice." (165) Thus, although Mises insisted throughout his career "on the objective, nonpolitical, impartial character of his science" he also "passionate believed in and advocated (as a nonscientific, value-laden ideal) the political program of classical liberalism" (181-182). Liberalism* was the ideology derived from the positive economic theory that free markets enable individuals to achieve their goals through mutual cooperation and exchange. Liberalism applied that theory to develop a political program. Thus, in Mises' view, in advocating liberalism, free markets, and limited government, Mises the scientist was 1/ simply articulating the straightforward implications of his own strictly scientific contributions to
the positive, objective discipline of pure economics" (190). For Mises, the teachings of economics seem inevitably to lead (on utilitarian grounds) to free markets and limited government.
Mises' reputation as an economist is solid; it rests on his scholarly and logical analysis of the workings of the market. Reasoning from the basic a priority that men act in the hope of attaining their various ends, he developed economic theories and explained economic phenomena as no one had before. "Only abstract economic theorizing, recognizing the nature and operation of human purposefulness, and recognizing the nature and thrust of human entrepreneurial resourcefulness is able to identify the systematic tendencies which shape the entrepreneurial-competitive market process" (80). And only such theorizing can explain such phenomena as prices, money, profits, losses, competition, monopoly, interest, and the complexities of the trade cycle.
"Mises' entire career as an economist – from his Vienna days as a brilliant young scholar and as one deeply involved in the hectic world of post- World War I public policy, to his years in Geneva as a renowned senior scholar, to his three decades of lonely unfashionable teaching and writing in the U.S. during his old age – represented Mises' extraordinary, courageous, sustained fulfillment of this ideal," Kirzner observes. "He never faltered in his belief that the 'body of economic knowledge is an essential element in the structure of human civilization; it is the foundation upon which modern industrialism and all the moral, intellectual, technological, and therapeutical achievements of the last centuries have been built.' Mises persisted 'in the search for truth' in the face of the disdainful dismissal of his work by the professional economics establishment of his time because he saw his work as essential for the preservation of human civilization" (191).
Ludwig von Mises: The Man and His Economics is a remarkable tribute to a remarkable man. In it, Kirzner provides a concise and masterful presentation of the major economic theories Ludwig von Mises developed. Mises is more than a sincere and dedicated economic scientist and outspoken advocate of free markets. Kirzner shows how Mises' methodological approach and his"focus on human action, on the purposefulness of action, on the entrepreneurial element in the market process, on the subjectivism with which economic understanding must be pursued" (196) has expanded the field of economics and opened up new areas for investigation.
Bettina Bien Greaves
Bettina Bien Greaves is co-compiler of "Mises: An Annotated Bibliography."
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Looking Back on the Plague Year
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Home Health Blame the Gold Rush: Malaria Keeps Spreading
Blame the Gold Rush: Malaria Keeps Spreading
Juan Carlos Gabaldón
Photo: Who.int
An estimate of 228 million malaria cases and 405,000 deaths by malaria were reported in 2018, according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) most recent report. The vast majority of these come from Africa; malaria incidence keeps rising around most of the tropical world, too, but in Latin America, Venezuela is largely responsible for the phenomenon.
Latin America reported an estimate of 929,000 malaria cases and 580 deaths, and apart from the Eastern Mediterranean region (which includes Sudan, Somalia, and Yemen) it was the only WHO region where deaths have increased since 2010. With 453,041 cases (a 10% increase compared to 2017, and an astonishing 208% increase compared to 2015), Venezuela accounts for half of all the estimated cases in the Americas, with the majority of these still coming from Bolívar. While still heavily focalized in Southeastern Venezuela, incidence rates (new cases per year, per 1000 people) are increasing all over the country.
Latin America reported an estimate of 929,000 malaria cases and 580 deaths, and apart from the Eastern Mediterranean region it was the only WHO region where deaths have increased since 2010.
After almost three years of epidemiological silence, it's impossible to know the details on how the disease is spreading across the country, but in places like Merida, where indigenous malaria cases haven't been officially reported since 2003, the disease and its complications are becoming increasingly common. Evidence suggests it may be spreading due to domestic migration and illegal mining in Bolívar.
On a fairly surprising note, the number of long-lasting insecticide-treated bednets (LLINs), the most important vector control strategy against the disease, increased considerably, from 5,000 in 2017 to 81,000 in 2018; the number of rapid diagnostic tests and medication distributed also showed important increases compared to the previous year. This is far from enough, though, since almost 6 million people are considered to be at high risk of getting the disease in Venezuela, according to WHO estimates. More telling is the funding, or rather the lack of funding for malaria prevention campaigns in the country.
In 2018, Venezuela spent less than $1 per person at risk in malaria control programs, less than countries like Guyana or Haiti, and the vast majority of that money came from international organizations, highlighting the government's systematic negligence. Argentina, certified by WHO as malaria-free earlier this year, spent almost $11 per person at risk.
The numbers presented in the World Malaria Report 2019 are not as bad as most Venezuelan experts expected, partly due to the few advances made on LLINs and medication distribution.
Overall mortality was reduced compared to 2017 (257 deaths vs 333), still higher than that of any other country in the region, with 44 registered deaths, representing 44% of all registered deaths in the Americas, and a 1,428% increase compared to 18 deaths reported in 2010.
The numbers presented in the World Malaria Report 2019 are not as bad as most Venezuelan experts expected, partly due to the few advances made on LLINs and medication distribution. Nonetheless, the disease keeps rising every year and proper vector control is only reaching a very small percentage of the population.
Stopping malaria won't be possible without massive investment and, especially, political will, two things that seem impossible to get in a crisis-struck Venezuela, where the government spends more money romanticizing precarious mining than it does in dealing with its consequences.
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The JA Company Programme (CP) has given many young people the confidence that they have the necessary skills and knowledge to start a business. Studies indicate that short term effects are particularly strong for young women.
The Innovation Clusters for Entrepreneurship Education (ICEE) is a European research project and policy experiment in five countries. It measures the impact of the JA Company Programme (CP) on students between aged 15-19. The first year of study indicated that CP had given many young people the confidence that they have the necessary knowledge and skills required to start a business. It increased the proportion of young men and women that prefer to be self-employed, or that intend to be entrepreneurs.
Previous parallel studies in Norway have demonstrated the positive impact of CP on 17–18-year-old women and men. One article found that CP positively influences the perceived attainability of self-employment for both young men and young women, while increasing perceived desirability of self-employment among young women. Another article found that CP had a positive impact on business skills, career preferences and the likelihood of founding one's own company. The results were moderated by gender, as the effect of CP on skills/knowledge on how to start a business and preference for self-employment was stronger among young women than men.
The Norwegian studies indicate that the short-term effect of CP is particularly strong for young women. This could be an outcome of a particular pedagogical focus on female entrepreneurship in CP. We will go on to investigate the impact of gender in the ICEE project.


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Sepak takraw är en lagsport som liknar volleyboll där man använder fötterna, knäna, bröstet eller huvudet för att vidröra bollen. Spelet har sitt ursprung i Sydostasien, och är populärt i Thailand, Kambodja, Malaysia, Laos, Filippinerna och Indonesien.
Man spelar vanligtvis bäst av tre  eller fem set.

Världsmästarskap i Sepak takraw spelas varje år och sedan 1990 ingår  sporten i de asiatiska spelen.

En variant av sporten fanns redan tidigt på 1400-talet i Malaysia och Thailand.

Regler

Sepak Takraw spelas på en spelplan med två halvor med måtten 13,4 gånger 6,1 meter som delas av ett upphöjt nät. Bollen som används i sporten är ofta tillverkad av rotting eller plast. Lagen, som kallas Regu utgörs av tre spelare vardera och spelas tills ett av lagen fått 21 poäng. När ett av lagen har vunnit åtta poäng byter de sida. Om ställningen i matchen skulle vara 21–20, fortsätter matchen till dess att ett av lagen fått två poängs målskillnad, dock högst till 25 poäng. Man spelar bäst av tre set och om lagen står lika efter två set avgörs den i "tiebreak" som spelas till 15 poäng med två poängs skillnad och  förlängning till högst 17 poäng om lagen är lika.

Referenser

Externa länkar

Bollsport
Lagsport

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In the latest of our My Ministry blog series, we meet Rev Graeme Glover from St Columbia's Church, Jersey.
MSc in Values-based practice in Faith Communities from Trinity College, Glasgow and nine modules of undergraduate study from Aberdeen University.
Under the stars and vast silhouettes of Glencoe, me and my great pal, Roy, were walking and deep in conversation. Roy, the non-church goer, says that I should become a full-time minister. Stunned. Don't entirely dismiss it. Tentatively knock. Doors open. Wow!
Seventy or so people meeting on each Sunday in a rather busy part of St Helier. A growing number of kids. People coming from all around the island – built up residential areas and rural lanes with no mains water.
A disadvantage of not being a "parish" church is that there are not the same natural links to schools and neighbourhoods etc. An advantage is that we have little choice but to work closely with other churches.
Visiting people; finding the right words for someone's funeral or wedding; the half hour before the Sunday service when I can chat to people knowing that all the hard preparation has been done; other people coming up with great ideas; the moments when I feel like I have done a good job.
There were a number of new faces in church the other Sunday. Exciting. My sermon was, well, boring. I felt like I had failed. I know, I know – the Spirit moves in mysterious ways – but it's a lonely job sometimes.
Calmness and perspective gained from previous career in war-torn and poverty-hit parts of world; organisational skills from MBA; good at remembering people's names and stories.
Increased knowledge of Bible (a weekly privilege); not butting in and listening instead; encouraging talents in others and working well with other churches.
Easter week. Services that worked beyond my expectations with many new people. A lunch on Easter Sunday attended by many more than we expected.
Tennis, running, being in the sea, watching sport, learning to bake bread, walking, getting into a book or New Yorker article.
During my training, I worked with ministers who acted like they were so grateful to be doing this job for a living. That seems to be a great attitude to go out into the world and minister with.


Based on participant observation with financial professionals working for a mergers and acquisitions consultancy company in Shanghai, this essay shows that they conduct these transactions by mobilizing imaginaries of "profits," "states," and "cultures." These imaginaries concern professional and nonprofessional life and are multiple, sometimes contradictory, and mutually constitutive. This shows that the analytic claim about a "real economy," against which financial practices would be gauged, misses the multiple meanings whereby these practices make sense for those who carry them out. The article proposes instead a pragmatist approach of money, whose political import would be to focus on how the practices and meanings of financial professionals, as they channel money to certain activities at the expense of others, contribute to produce global social hierarchies in the access to monetary resources.


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On October 21, 2019 Canada could have it's first US citizen Prime Minister! Think of the penalties!
It started on the campaign bus
From my colleagues @salimah_shivji and @janycemcgregor travelling on the Conservative campaign bus — Leader Andrew Scheer holds dual Canada-US citizenship: pic.twitter.com/vFHjkSxhwg
— Katie Simpson (@CBCKatie) October 3, 2019
Worked it's way to the Toronto Star
THAT alone should disqualify Scheer from holding any Parliamentary seat or Office. It would disqualify him in Jamaica (another Commonwealth country). That obligation to a foreign state especially one with the noose of Citizenship Based Taxation #CBT around his neck.
— Joncrow Bird (@joncrowbird) October 3, 2019
(Speaking of the "noose" of citizenship-based taxation, it's worth noting that former New Brunswick Premier David Alward was reported to have been in the IRS OVDI program.)
Brought back memories of other victims
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson renounced U.S. citizenship before becoming Prime Minister.
Somalia's president revealed that he had recently renounced U.S. citizenship.
Was confirmed by the Isaac Brock Society
As reported at the Isaac Brock Society and assuming the truth of the Toronto Star article referenced in the above tweet, Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer may become Canada's first U.S. citizen Prime Minister. If the article is to be believed, he wouldn't be a U.S. for long. He is apparently in the process of renouncing U.S. citizenship.
Triggered some of our fondest memories in politics
"A Canadian is a Canadian is a Canadian" – Harper and Trudeau spar over C-24 at Munk debate https://t.co/91hBo2Ndf8 via @YouTube
— John Richardson – lawyer for "U.S. persons" abroad (@ExpatriationLaw) October 3, 2019
In the 2015 election debate, Justin Trudeau famously claimed that:
"A Canadian is a Canadian is a Canadian!"
Made us ask whether anything in Canada should be off limits to the USA
Became the subject of public discussion and debate
Update: The Globe and Mail confirms the news! Mr. Scheer is subject to the U.S. sanction of citizenship-based taxation. @InFBARWeTrust!
The cat's out of the bag – Globe and Mail piles on: "Conservative Leader Andrew Scheer holds dual Canadian-U.S. citizenship, had attacked Michaëlle Jean on same issue" /via @globeandmail https://t.co/8eQX2Gzf6x
Q. Is it appropriate for a U.S. citizen to be the head of state of a non-U.S. country?
A. The comments the Globe and Mail article are interesting.
More twitter coverage/discussion:
https://twitter.com/i/events/1179861494650953728
This entry was posted in accidental Americans, American expatriates, FATCA, FBAR and tagged A Canadian is a Canadian is a Canadian, Andrew Scheer, Justin Trudeau on October 3, 2019 by .
← Part 33 – US residents bring suit alleging that the Section 965 US Transition Tax is Unconstitutional Naomi Osaka does NOT automatically relinquish US citizenship by choosing Japanese citizenship →


Ok so I have no idea what most supermodels eat (probably a packet of cigarettes and a diet coke), but I still live in hope that eating dishes like this will bring me one step closer becoming Miranda Kerr.
Maybe not. If not I won't be too upset though as this taste so delicious, it's one of those salads that doesn't really feel like a salad. I like it best as a side with some fish, meat or quiche. It's a perfect side for a BBQ. It's full of all the good stuff especially quinoa which is a really high protein grain.
With the weather looking mighty for the rest of the summer (I hope I didn't jinx that), this is definitely one worth banging out.
Rinse the quinoa really well in a sieve under water. This is important as the coating of quinoa has a soapy residue so if you don't rinse it well it will taste yuck. Tip the rinsed grains into a pot of boiling water with the chicken stock cube and garlic cloves. Bring to a boil and let simmer away for about 15-20 minute- until cooked through. It needs a bit, not to be mushy.
Chop the scallions and fry in a little oil the set aside. Slice the mangtout and pop in a pot of boiling water for 1 minute, then remove and pop into a bowl of icy water. Strain and set aside.
When the quinoa is cooked through, strain it and pop into a serving bowl. Add in the spring onions, mangetout, 2 tbsp of the almonds, most of the pomegranate seeds and most of the lemon zest.
Stir it all together and to serve sprinkle with some more of the almonds, lemon zest and pomegranate.
Serve immediately but this will keep well for a few days in the fridge.


Description: A baseball player catches a fly ball on the side of this light switch cover, with crossed bats at the top. Laser cut for the highest detail and quality. Cover is reversible, and can be installed facing either direction. Fits all standard light switches. Mounting hardware included.


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Roqoo Depot
Podcasts in Review
July 24, 2014 at 12:00 am | Posted in Interview, Podcasts in Review, Regular Feature, Reviews, Star Wars | Leave a comment
Tags: jonathan wilkins, mark dodson, tasia valenza
Here is this week's Podcasts in Review.
501stCast: Episode 83 has some Star Wars news and rumors on Star Wars Episode VII, Phineas & Ferb, and the Lucas museum. The rest of the episode is devoted to troop reports. If you're wanting to catch up on what the 501st Legion is up to, they've got you covered.
Bombad Radio: Episode 157 is a nice movie discussion show that stays spoiler free but interesting. Hosts James and Jeremiah are joined by guests Steve C. (Disney Infinity Cast, The Mousecast) and Adam D. (Drogemeister Blog, Blue Box) as they cover Godzilla, The Amazing Spiderman 2, The LEGO Movie, Transformers: Age of Extinction, Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, Guardians of the Galaxy, X-Men: Days of Future Past, Edge of Tomorrow, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. From the best movies they've seen this year to the worst, and what they're looking forward to next, they cover a lot of films.
Coffee with Kenobi: Coffee Chat with Mark Dodson is a good interview, though the audio can be pretty rough. The interview is courtesy of James Howell, unfortunately all of James' side of the conversation is really crumby sounding, however Mark's side of the audio is excellent. Mark talks about working as a laborer for Industrial Light & Magic, being fascinated with voice actors as a kid, doing all the voices for the gremlins in the movie Gremlins, and how doing the voice of Salacious Crumb got him that part. He covers how his audition for Ackbar led to Salacious Crumb, being an extra in Howard the Duck, and talks about tips for voice over. If you don't mind the silent gaps and static riddled questions, Mark's side of the conversation is well worth listening to.
A Cup of Clone Wars with Tasia Valenza is a cool interview with the voice of Shaak Ti from The Clone Wars. Unlike the Dodson interview, this one is done by the hosts, Dan and Cory, and while the audio is a lot better than the Dodson interview, the pitch does change a couple times. It's not a huge deal. Anyways, Tasia talks about her voice work, her thoughts on her characters and what happened in the show, and more.
Disney Vault Talk: The Top Ten Episode covers their top ten favorite Disney movies, both animated and live action, yet it starts with honorable mentions. That amounts to a lot of movies, including, but not limited to, TRON: Legacy, Emperor's New Groove, Frozen, Flight of the Navigator, The Jungle Book, Volt, Aladdin, Wreck It Ralph, Tangled, Beauty and the Best, Robin Hood, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Mary Poppins and The Little Mermaid. Lots of films, lots of Disney talk, and a few technical difficulties, but still a good show.
Fantasia Episode kicks off with a lot of listener feedback covering favorite Disney films, 2D vs 3D, Snow White's horrible singing voice, and the beginning of an amusing gag for Swinimer. From there, they move on to news-the passing of Dick Jones (the voice of Pinocchio), a live action Dumbo movie, and casting for Frozen characters in Once Upon A Time. Then they dive into trivia for the main discussion, Fantasia. I didn't realize Disney had a whole campaign for the movie involving specialized Fanta audio systems in the theaters. Pretty interesting. Also interesting is the fun facts, like Fantasia being a big psychedelic hit in the 60's. The main discussion includes a song by song breakdown of each of the major sequences of the film. As someone who has actually never scene the movie, they do a good job of describing and creating interest. I'm now intrigued enough to make some time to see this one. Last but not least, they also talk about harpy nipples and topless centaurs. If that doesn't do it for you, nothing will.
Geek Out Loud: Patreon Day Episode is hosted by Steve, Riley and Bethany as they talk some Star Wars and speak with special guests such as Marcus, Jimmy Mac and Teresa Delgado. Steve and Marcus recount some fun Celebration III stories, Jimmy Mac stops by for a quick shoutout, and Steve, Riley and Bethany delve into Star Wars, and Teresa shows up for some Star Wars and Transformers talk (spoiler free). It's a nice, free flowing discussion with plenty of stuff for Star Wars fans.
Jedi Journals: July 2014 Episode features lots of lit news and coverage of all the upcoming Star Wars Rebels stuff and more. Jonathan Wilkins joins them for the entire show as they rundown news, recent acquisitions, and Star Wars Insider. Jonathan gives some nice insight on what will be in the next issue.
Know What I'm Saying: Revenge of the KWIS starts off with some Star Wars Weekends tales from Steve and his adventure picking blueberries at night. Karl mentions he's back in a Batman kick which leads him to discussing his love of the Dark Knight Trilogy. Then Karl drops a bombshell about something that happened at Star Wars Celebration VI. In Steve's words, Karl's a manwhore. Yes, I was laughing out loud at this. Fun episode and worth checking out.
RebelForce Radio: Episode 7.4.2014 includes Anklegate updates, news on a possible flashback scene in Star Wars Episode VII for Billie Lourd (Carrie Fisher's daughter), Andy Serkis' production company doing special effects work for the film, and they cover a stormtrooper incident in Kansas where a blaster was mistaken for a real gun. Jimmy Mac has a report from PfieferCon, an event showing off one collector's impressive Star Wars collection, and the show wraps up with the Billy Dee quote of the week. Good episode.
Rock Out Loud: We've Got You Covered dives into cover songs, but starts out with some listener feedback. I did not know Bon Jovi did a cover song of "With A Little Help From My Friends". I'm a big fan of Joe Cocker's version of that song, so it was pretty cool to hear a clip of Bon Jovi doing it. So cool that I had to rush home and listen to the whole thing. Other revelations in this episode included learning that Quiet Riot "Cum On Feel the Noize" is a cover song. It's originally done by some group called Slade. Whether you like cover songs or not, this a good episode to tune in to. It's interesting to hear all the songs and some of the stories behind them.
Star Wars Action News: Episode 428 has a long rundown on San Diego Comic Con Star Wars exclusives, so collectors heading to SDCC will want to check this episode out. For those heading to the fan breakfast, they go through all the giveaway items that will be available. Plus they run through the Star Wars panels that will be at the convention. Also in this show, Arnie reviews the Sideshow Snowtrooper Premium Format Figure.
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Watch a collaborative public art project being installed in Somerville's hub on May 27
May 13, 2017 / Gallery on Main/ Bridget Daley
Artist's sketch of the sculpture, by Bob Richardson.
In celebration of community, Memorial Day and the 77th Tour of Somerville Cycling Classic bike races, Arts on Division presents the live construction of an interactive outdoor sculpture on Division Street in the hub of downtown Somerville on Saturday, May 27. (Across the street from Gallery on Main.) New Jersey artist and arts educator Bob Richardson has conceived and designed the sculpture, and has been creating its components with the participation of students from Immaculata High School in Somerville, Somerville High School, Middle Earth (a nonprofit agency providing services to teens and adolescents in Somerset County), and Richardson's own students from Arts High School in Newark, where he's been a teacher for 19 years. The public is invited to watch Richardson and the participating students assembling the sculpture on-site, which will take place from 9:00 a.m. until about 11:00 a.m.
Students from Immaculata, Arts High and Somerville High School will contribute eight original paintings to the assemblage. They, along with students from Middle Earth, are also making little wire sculptures of bicycles that will become part of the larger piece.
After the sculpture has been assembled, other students and community members are invited to use a black or red permanent "Sharpie" marker to add their own contribution to the sculpture on the themes of "community, Memorial Day, and/or the Tour of Somerville." Markers will be made available, or bring your own.
The outdoor sculpture will remain on view on Division Street.
About Bob Richardson:
Known for his assemblage sculptures made of found objects and reclaimed materials, Bob Richardson's work has been exhibited in galleries and museums throughout New Jersey and New York, including the Montclair Art Museum, Monmouth Museum and the Newark Museum, among others. His outdoor sculptures have also been on display at New York City's Central Park (in conjunction with Earth Day), and in various New Jersey towns such as Madison, Newark and Mountain Lakes. In addition to his work as a professional artist, Richardson has been a teacher at Arts High School in Newark — the nation's oldest public high school for the arts — for 19 years. Recently, he collaborated with his students on a site-specific outdoor installation at Newark's Branch Brook Park called Cherry Blossoms in Winter, which was featured in a short film by DreamPlay Media.
Prior to his tenure as an art teacher, Richardson worked in the exhibition department of the Museum of Natural History in New York City for three years. He also spent nine years with MJM Studios, an architectural sculpture service, working on landmark preservation in New York City and other projects. A graduate of Pratt Institute in New York as a sculpture major, he lives in Madison, NJ.
May 13, 2017 / Gallery on Main/ Bridget Daley/ Comment
In town: Memorial Day weekend ...


Computational journalism essay enyne metathesis mechanism funny excuses for not doing homework delinquency essay sdsu thesis manual. Two sides of paradise: The names of publishers are not necessary to include for newspapers, magazines, journals, and other periodicals.
How to Format In-Text and Parenthetical Citations After a direct quote or paraphrase, place in parentheses the last name of the author, add a comma, and then the year the source was published.
Last name of Editor Ed. Encyclopedia of local history. Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions.
If the page numbering continues from issue to issue, do not include the issue number. For documents and situations not listed here, see the printed version of the manual. For the essay cited in the examples above, this would appear as follows: Note that the names of the editors are not written in reverse order.
If each issue of the periodical begins with page one, include the issue number after the volume number as shown in the examples. Journal or Magazine Article use for journals where the page numbering continues from issue to issue Dubeck, L.
In addition, when the publisher is a university and the name of the state or Canadian province is included in its name, do not repeat the state or province in the publisher location.
No Author Title of entry. The reference list entry should be listed according to its type book, journal article, etc. This style does NOT require you to include the date of access for electronic sources.
Therefore, if you have a source that APA does not include, APA suggests that you find the example that is most similar to your source and use that format. Should they stay or should they go? First citation only The Bible describes love in relation to other virtues: Looking for an APA formatter?
Sibling communication in Star Trek: When creating your online journal article citation, keep in mind: This stands for Direct Object Identifier.Citations are placed in the context of discussion using the authors' last names and date of publication.
(Schiessl & Lay, ) Alternatively, you can integrate the citation.
The basic rule is to cite the editor(s) if you're referencing the edited volume as a whole and cite the chapter author(s) if referring to a particular essay or chapter.
The example above cites 'The Aesthetic Hypothesis' by Clive Bell, from a book called The Philosophy of Art, edited.
A guide to help users create citations using APA (American Psychological Association) style, 6th edition. APA (American Psychological Association) 6th is an author-date referencing style where you have an in-text citation and a related entry in a.
Why Do I Need To Cite? Simply put, referencing is the citing of sources used in essays, articles, research, conferences etc. When another source contributes to your work, you have to give the original owner the appropriate credit.


Being able to argue your own opinion – and then respect the views of others is a skillset we desperately need, argues NHEHS Headmaster, Matthew Shoults.
How do you get pupils and staff across the school enthusiastically involved in debating? You start with a debate question you know they'll all be keen to argue against.
For the last two years, I've taught public speaking and debating to Year 7 girls. In my early foolishness, I left the topic of talks open to personal hobbies and sat through endless speeches about pet dogs from one class.
After the 20th speech I made a decision. I established the girls' first practice debate over whether dogs were a menace to society.
There were initial howls of protest, yet a week later both sides represented their views to the hilt, and their peers listened, questioned and respected that the argument was not necessarily one-sided.
This then promoted the launch of a series which saw teachers debate alongside their pupils. We've covered the merits of JK Rowling's creation – with several die-hard Potterheads on both the panel and in the audience – the perils of automated vehicles, the commercialisation of Christmas and many, many more.
It's been incredible to see the 11-year-old students absorb conflicting arguments at a time when in public debate, and on campuses, there seems to be more of a tendency to stick our fingers in our ears. The rise of identity politics, and the habit social media has of creating echo chambers, are both well reported tendencies. The latter in particular insulates us from hearing, or wanting to hear, the other side of the argument.
Perhaps even more worrying is that in universities, which should be bastions of free speech, there are so many cases reported of an unwillingness to host speakers, or to accept the research of individuals, who challenge an apparently totemic belief. The ease with which offence is taken seems to have caused an increase in the range of speakers deemed unfit for student consumption.
We have been here before. In the The History Man, published in 1975, Malcolm Bradbury brilliantly satirised campus hypocrisy through the figure of Howard Kirk, an academic who exercised complete intolerance towards students with non-marxist views, including getting one expelled from the university. The call for open discussion, and the need to hear opposing views, has not gone away. It is perhaps more pressing when it is easier to become encased in one set of opinions as social media keeps us in a bubble we find comfortable.
It is therefore all the more heartening to hear my students willing not only to hear, but to represent, views they strongly oppose.
Debating has a particular power: it is a kind of safe space for free speech. Its structure allows and also compels those taking part to inhabit uncomfortable views.
As we prepare young people for a world where an emphasis on social, non-mechanisable skills, will be even more important in a more global existence, debating is one of the best ways to prepare them to take on challenging ideas, to understand cultural differences and to be able to thoughtfully consider rather than hide away from alien values.


Discussion in 'Fruits & Vegetables' started by VA_LongBean, Jun 4, 2016.
I just realized that my garlic,babington leeks, and some neighboring onions are looking yellow. My mind immediately went to one place. Please look at these pics and let me know, do I have aster yellows in my garden?
I think our cultural conditions this year have been all over the place, and my own garlic doesn't look as good as last year. I'd watch and see if/how things progress, and acquaint yourself with the disease.
http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/vegetables/aster-yellows-of-garlic/ has some good information.
I hope others with experience with this disease will add their thoughts.
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture (LINK) has pictures of onions and garlic.
Usually, I think of it showing up in flowers and deforming the top of the plants.
That's how I think of it, anyway -- in the flowers. When plants are deformed by fasciation, I have jumped at the idea they have aster yellows. Right now, I'm losing aster plants . I actually do not think it is AY - for one reason, the plants are so young. Some other fungal disease ... but maybe it's fun aciar I'm NO diagnostician.
"fun aciar" ?? No diagnostician but I got this wonnerful spellchecker!
Not only do I have weirdly spelled words but I missed @PhilaGardener 's post!
The garlic, shallot and potato onion flower heads are beautiful. I might get a lot of seed if things work out. I've even got 4 leeks from last year who want to join in. Hoping I don't have to scrap all of it.


Samshield New Collection review 2019 – Want it! Have it!
Samshield New Collection spring/summer 2019 just appeared in premium equestrian shops with clothes for riders. Samshield brand is definitely one of these leading brands that are going with the time with performance in technological innovations for riders sector. They're also leading designers in a new sense of style for well-know classic breaches and show shirts with their revolutioning collection full of embelisshes of floral embroidance and magnificent details in Swarovski® crystals.
Samshield blossoming embroideries was available only in premium line customised helmets from configuration…till now. Summer/spring collection surprised all equestrian clothes lovers due to being unique in sophisticated style. Let's start with the ladies' show shirt with short sleeves named Philomene. The Philomene show shirt is made of the highest-quality elastic and breathable material. The shirt is soft-touch and provides highest level of comfortable wearing. Thanks to the slim cut the shirt perfect tailor to the body and highlights the silhouette. This show shirt represents the highest class of elegance style in more individuality and femininities version. Floral embroidery on the stand-up collar is the quintessence of main philosophy of this collection : lightness, uniqueness and crucial meaning of the details (as you can see on the picture above). Finally the show shirt is minimalist embellished with the Swarovski® crystals.
My next favorite is ladies' show shirt with short sleeves named Sybille. The Sybille is also made of the highest quality elastic and breathable material. It has a slim cut that provides a perfect fit for optimal comfort. The collar closes with small buttons which are invisible once fastened. The main feature of this show shirt is large floral embroidery on the front (as you can see on the picture above). This detail makes that Sybille show shirt gain on the originally look. Collar is finished with the Samshield emblem in Swarovski® crystals.
Last ones which already stolen me heart are the ladies breeches Capucine with full silicone seat. Naturally they are made of the highest quality technical material which is elastic and also breathable. Due to the slim cut the breeches provide perfect fit to the body, almost like a "second skin". The material protects against the UV radiation and ensures the well moisture-draining for more confortable wearing. Full grip enhances stability and adhesion in the saddle. The thights have an elastic insertions at the bottom to provide a better contact with the horse. Capucine breeches have a magnificient floral embroidery on the back above the back pockets. Another embroidery on this breeches you can see on the front pockets and on the tight. All thats decorated in the Swarovski® crystals. This model is available in few different colors depending to requirements: Navy Blue, White, Light Beige and Black. The breeches in white color will be ideal as a competitions breeches.
For those of you who are decided for refresh their wardrobe with the lastest Samshield collection I always advise to purchase in equestrian tack shop which offers the lastest collections and relevant facilities for customers such as a safe online paying methoods, shipping in 24 hours and 30 days for return or exchange. One of the most popular on-line premium equestrian tack is Equishop Premium Horse Equipment. Except the best-quaility cloths for riders they also sells high-quality horse riding facilities, premium equestrian accesories and also supplies for horse. Additional advantages are efficient customers services and wide offer of leading equestrian brands located in one place.


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Fieldcrest is a quaint 55 and over community of only ten units located in the rural setting of Robinson. One and two bedroom units are available within this community and offer a charming place to live. Each unit has carpeting, washer and dryer hookups in the unit, beautiful custom kitchen cabinets, stove, refrigerator and much more. Outside you will find beautifully landscape areas as well as off-street parking. If you have a maintenance problem, just call us and we will take care of it for you. You won't have to worry about lawn care or snow removal anymore!


Seriously I will take it any which way....flowers that is excuse me!!... Pick them from a local park, even some weeds are cute... grab a vessel, any vessel and plonk them somewhere you can see them all the time. Guaranteed to make your day a better day and even better than that? Plonk some on your neighbours doorstep too. Nothing like sharing the love.
I love all these informal type of flower arrangements - they look freshly picked from the garden! Beautiful!
I love flower pictures - they just make you feel better. I do love the wrapped cans and the glass jar hanging on the door knob, although it would last about 5 seconds here without smashing on the floor the way my boys slam doors!
Ohh , I am speechless - your imagination is so great - I admire your creativity! So beautiful arrangements you have done! So original are your vases!
I love flowers. They always make me feel so much better.