text:
nature reviews cancer
Science and Society | Published: 01 July 2009
Wildlife cancer: a conservation perspective
Denise McAloose1
Denise McAloose is Head of Pathology and Disease Investigation for the Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Health Program, USA. She received her VMD from the University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, USA, is a diplomat of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and trained as a fellow at the Zoological Society of San Diego, USA. Her primary interests are in the identification and characterization of emerging infectious diseases and the role of disease in wildlife conservation.
& Alisa L. Newton1
Alisa L. Newton is Senior Pathologist for the Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Health Program. She received her VMD and veterinary anatomic pathology training at the University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, USA, followed by a wildlife pathology fellowship at the Zoological Society of San Diego. She is a diplomat of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.
Nature Reviews Cancer volume 9, pages 517–526 (2009) | Download Citation
A Corrigendum to this article was published on 01 August 2009
This article has been updated
Until recently, cancer in wildlife was not considered to be a conservation concern. However, with the identification of Tasmanian devil facial tumour disease, sea turtle fibropapillomatosis and sea lion genital carcinoma, it has become apparent that neoplasia can be highly prevalent and have considerable effects on some species. It is also clear that anthropogenic activities contribute to the development of neoplasia in wildlife species, such as beluga whales and bottom-dwelling fish, making them sensitive sentinels of disturbed environments.
In the version of this article initially published online and in print, table 1 on page 521 mistakenly indicated papillomavirus as the associated virus for flatback turtle (Natator depressus), olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), Kemp's ridley turtle (L. kempii) and hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). These entries have therefore been removed from the table. Reference 154 has also been removed from the article because other references in the main text discuss the virus association in specific turtle species. Accordingly, references 155–162 have been renumbered as references 154–161. These errors have been corrected for the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Rous, P. A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells . J. Exp. Med. 13, 397–411 (1911).
Malumbres, M. & Barbacid, M. RAS oncogenes: the first 30 years . Nature Rev. Cancer 3, 459–465 (2003).
Klaus, A. & Birchmeier, W. Wnt signalling and its impact on development and cancer . Nature Rev. Cancer 8, 387–398 (2008).
Karesh, W. & Cook, R. One world — one health . Clin. Med. 9, 5–7 (2009).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The burden of chronic diseases and their risk factors: national and state perspectives 2004. US Department of Health and Human Services [online], (2004).
Aguirre, A. A. et al. Pathology of fibropapillomatosis in olive ridley turtles Lepidochelys olivacea nesting in Costa Rica . J. Aquat. Anim. Health 11, 283–289 (1999).
Stroud, R. K. & Roffe, T. J. Causes of death in marine mammals stranded along the Oregon coast . J. Wildl. Dis. 15, 91–97 (1979).
Crooks, K. R., Scott, C. A. & Van Vuren, D. H. Exotic disease and an insular endemic carnivore, the island fox . Biol. Conserv. 98, 55–60 (2001).
Martineau, D. et al. Cancer in wildlife, a case study: beluga from the St. Lawrence estuary, Québec, Canada . Environ. Health Perspect. 110, 285–292 (2002).
Hamede, R. K., McCallum, H. & Jones, M. Seasonal, demographic and density-related patterns of contact between Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii): implications for transmission of devil facial tumour disease . Austral. Ecol. 33, 614–622 (2008).
McCallum, H. et al. Distribution and impacts of Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease . EcoHealth 4, 318–325 (2007).
Hawkins, C. et al. Emerging disease and population decline of an island endemic, the Tasmanian devil Sarcophilus harrisii . Biol. Cons. 131, 307–324 (2006).
Pyecroft, S. et al. Towards a case definition for devil facial tumour disease: what is it? EcoHealth 4, 346–351 (2007).
Loh, R. et al. The pathology of devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) in Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) . Vet. Pathol. 43, 890–895 (2006).
Loh, R. et al. The immunohistochemical characterization of devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) . Vet. Pathol. 43, 896–903 (2006).
McCallum, H., Barlow, N. & Hone, J. How should pathogen transmission be modelled? Trends Ecol. Evol. 16, 295–300 (2001).
Lachish, S., Jones, M. & McCallum, H. The impact of disease on the survival and population growth rate of the Tasmanian devil . J. Anim. Ecol. 76, 926–936 (2007).
Pyecroft, S. Transmission trials: devil facial tumor disease. Devil Facial Tumour Diseases: Senior Scientist's Scientific Forum 18 [online], (2007).
Pearse, A. & Swift, K. Allograft theory: transmission of devil facial-tumour disease . Nature 439, 549 (2006).
Siddle, H. V. et al. Transmission of a fatal clonal tumor by biting occurs due to depleted MHC diversity in a threatened carnivorous marsupial . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 16221–16226 (2007).
Kreiss, A. et al. Assessment of cellular immune responses of healthy and diseased Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) . Dev. Comp. Immunol. 32, 544–553 (2008).
Kreiss, A., Wells, B. & Woods, G. M. The humoral immune response of the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) against horse red blood cells . Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (in the press).
Woods, G. et al. The immune response of the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) and devil facial tumour disease . EcoHealth 4, 338–345 (2007).
Murgia, C. et al. Clonal origin and evolution of a transmissible cancer . Cell 126, 477–487 (2006).
Gandhi, M. J. & Strong, D. M. Donor derived malignancy following transplantation: a review . Cell Tissue Bank 8, 267–286 (2007).
Aguirre-Ghiso, J. A. Models, mechanisms and clinical evidence for cancer dormancy . Nature Rev. Cancer 7, 834–846 (2007).
Ajithkumar, T. V. et al. Management of solid tumours in organ-transplant recipients . Lancet Oncol. 8, 921–932 (2007).
Mozos, E. et al. Immunohistochemical characterization of canine transmissible venereal tumor . Vet. Pathol. 33, 257–263 (1996).
Das, U. & Das, A. K. Review of canine transmissible venereal sarcoma . Vet. Res. Commun. 24, 545–556 (2000).
Mukaratirwa, S. & Gruys, E. Canine transmissible venereal tumour: cytogenetic origin, immunophenotype, and immunobiology. A review . Vet. Q. 25, 101–111 (2003).
VonHoldt, B. M. & Ostrander, E. A. The singular history of a canine transmissible tumor . Cell 126, 445–447 (2006).
Cohen, D. The canine transmissible venereal tumor: a unique result of tumor progression . Adv. Cancer Res. 43, 75–112 (1985).
Epstein, R. B. & Bennett, B. T. Histocompatibility typing and course of canine venereal tumors transplanted into unmodified random dogs . Cancer Res. 34, 788–793 (1974).
Liu, C. et al. Transient downregulation of monocyte-derived dendritic-cell differentiation, function, and survival during tumoral progression and regression in an in vivo canine model of transmissible venereal tumor . Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 57, 479–491 (2008).
Hsiao, Y. et al. Interactions of host IL-6 and IFN-γ and cancer-derived TGF-β1 on MHC molecule expression during tumor spontaneous regression . Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 57, 1091–1104 (2008).
Evermann, J. F. et al. Comparative features of a coronavirus isolated from a cheetah with feline infectious peritonitis . Virus Res. 13, 15–27 (1989).
O'Brien, S. J. et al. Genetic basis for species vulnerability in the cheetah . Science 227, 1428–1434 (1985).
McCallum, H. Tasmanian devil facial tumour disease: lessons for conservation biology . Trends Ecol. Evol. 23, 631–637 (2008).
Lloyd-Smith, J. O., Getz, W. M. & Westerhoff, H. V. Frequency-dependent incidence in models of sexually transmitted diseases: portrayal of pair-based transmission and effects of illness on contact behaviour . Proc. Biol. Sci. 271, 625–634 (2004).
Gulland, F. M., Lowenstine, L. J. & Spraker, T. R. in Marine Mammal Medicine 2nd edn (eds Dierauf, L. A. & Gulland, F. M.) 521–550 (CRC, Boca Raton, 2001).
Hilker, F. M., Langlais, M. & Malchow, H. The Allee effect and infectious diseases: extinction, multistability, and the (dis-)appearance of oscillations . Am. Nat. 173, 72–88 (2009).
Angulo, E. et al. Double Allee effects and extinction in the island fox . Conserv. Biol. 21, 1082–1091 (2007).
Jones, M. et al. Conservation management of Tasmanian devils in the context of an emerging, extinction-threatening disease: devil facial tumor disease . EcoHealth 4, 326–337 (2007).
Peterson, M. J. & Silvy, N. J. Reproductive stages limiting productivity of the endangered Attwater's prairie chicken . Conserv. Biol. 10, 1264–1276 (1996).
Bennett, M. D. Western barred bandicoots in health and disease. Thesis, Murdoch Univ. (2008).
Drew, M. L. et al. Reticuloendotheliosis in captive greater and Attwater's prairie chickens . J. Wildl. Dis. 34, 783–791 (1998).
Bennett, M. D. et al. Hematologic characteristics of captive western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville) from Western Australia . Vet. Clin. Pathol. 36, 348–353 (2007).
Barbosa, T. et al. Pathogenicity and transmission of reticuloendotheliosis virus isolated from endangered prairie chickens . Avian Dis. 51, 33–39 (2007).
Drechsler, Y. et al. An avian, oncogenic retrovirus replicates in vivo in more than 50% of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes from an endangered grouse . Virology 386, 380–386 (2009).
Bennett, M. D. et al. In situ hybridization to detect bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus type 1 in biopsies from endangered western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville) . J. Gen. Virol. 89, 419–423 (2008).
Woolford, L. et al. Cutaneous papillomatosis and carcinomatosis in the Western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) . Vet. Pathol. 45, 95–103 (2008).
Gulland, F. Domoic acid toxicity in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) stranded along the central California coast, May–October 1998. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [online], (2000).
Adnyana, W., Ladds, P. W. & Blair, D. Observations of fibropapillomatosis in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Indonesia . Aust. Vet. J. 75, 736–742 (1997).
Herbst, L. H. Fibropapillomatosis of marine turtles . Annu. Rev. Fish. Dis. 4, 389–425 (1994).
Balazs, G. H. Research plan for marine turtle fibropapilloma. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS [online], (1991).
Work, T. M. et al. Retrospective pathology survey of green turtles Chelonia mydas with fibropapillomatosis in the Hawaiian Islands, 1993–2003 . Dis. Aquat. Organ. 62, 163–176 (2004).
Williams, E. et al. An epizootic of cutaneous fibropapillomas in green turtles Chelonia mydas of the Caribbean: part of a panzootic? J. Aquat. Anim. Health 6, 70–78 (1994).
Herbst, L. H. & Klein, P. A. Green turtle fibropapillomatosis: challenges to assessing the role of environmental cofactors . Environ. Health Perspect. 103 Suppl. 4, 27–30 (1995).
Huerta, P. et al. First confirmed case of fibropapilloma in a leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation [online], (2000).
Guillen, L. & Villalobos, J. P. Papillomas in Kemp's ridley turtles. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Conservation and Biology [online], (1999).
D'Amato, A. F. & Moraes-Neto, M. First documentation of fibropapillomas verified by histology in Eretmochelys imbricata. Marine Turtle Newsletter [online], (2000).
Herbst, L. H. et al. Comparative pathology and pathogenesis of spontaneous and experimentally induced fibropapillomas of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) . Vet. Pathol. 36, 551–564 (1999).
Lu, Y. et al. Detection of herpesviral sequences in tissues of green turtles with fibropapilloma by polymerase chain reaction . Arch. Virol. 145, 1885–1893 (2000).
Greenblatt, R. J. et al. Genomic variation of the fibropapilloma-associated marine turtle herpesvirus across seven geographic areas and three host species . J. Virol. 79, 1125–1132 (2005).
Herbst, L. H. Experimental transmission of green turtle fibropapillomatosis using cell-free tumor extracts . Dis. Aquat. Org. 22, 1–12 (1995).
Yu, Q. et al. Amplification and analysis of DNA flanking known sequences of a novel herpesvirus from green turtles with fibropapilloma . Arch. Virol. 145, 2669–2676 (2000).
Herbst, L. H. et al. Differential gene expression associated with tumorigenicity of cultured green turtle fibropapilloma-derived fibroblasts . Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 129, 35–39 (2001).
Curry, S. S. et al. Persistent infectivity of a disease-associated herpesvirus in green turtles after exposure to seawater . J. Wildl. Dis. 36, 792–797 (2000).
Greenblatt, R. J. et al. The Ozobranchus leech is a candidate mechanical vector for the fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpesvirus found latently infecting skin tumors on Hawaiian green turtles (Chelonia mydas) . Virology 321, 101–110 (2004).
Van Bressem, M. F. et al. Genital and lingual warts in small cetaceans from coastal Peru . Dis. Aquat. Org. 26, 1–10 (1996).
Van Bressem, M. F., Van Waerebeek, K. & Raga, J. A. A review of virus infections of cetaceans and the potential impact of morbilliviruses, poxviruses and papillomaviruses on host population dynamics . Dis. Aquat. Org. 38, 53–65 (1999).
Sweeney, J. C. & Gilmartin, W. G. Survey of diseases in free-living California sea lions . J. Wildl. Dis. 10, 370–376 (1974).
Newman, S. J. & Smith, S. A. Marine mammal neoplasia: a review . Vet. Pathol. 43, 865–880 (2006).
Gulland, F. M. et al. Metastatic carcinoma of probable transitional cell origin in 66 free-living California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), 1979 to 1994 . J. Wildl. Dis. 32, 250–258 (1996).
King, D. P. et al. Otarine herpesvirus-1: a novel gammaherpesvirus associated with urogenital carcinoma in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) . Vet. Microbiol. 86, 131–137 (2002).
Buckles, E. L. et al. Otarine herpesvirus-1, not papillomavirus, is associated with endemic tumours in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) . J. Comp. Pathol. 135, 183–189 (2006).
Lipscomb, T. P. et al. Common metastatic carcinoma of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): evidence of genital origin and association with novel gammaherpesvirus . Vet. Pathol. 37, 609–617 (2000).
Chang, Y. et al. Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma . Science 266, 1865–1869 (1994).
Ambroziak, J. A. et al. Herpes-like sequences in HIV-infected and uninfected Kaposi's sarcoma patients . Science 268, 582–583 (1995).
Nelson, J. H., Averette, H. E. & Richart, R. M. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (dysplasia and carcinoma in situ) and early invasive cervical carcinoma . CA Cancer J. Clin. 39, 157–178 (1989).
Smith, J. S. et al. Age-specific prevalence of infection with human papillomavirus in females: a global review . J. Adolesc. Health 43 (Suppl. 1), S5.e1–S5.eb2 (2008).
NOAA Fisheries Service, California sea lion (Zalophus californianus californianus): US stock. National Marine Fisheries Service [online], (2007).
Jarrett, W. F. H. et al. High incidence area of cattle cancer with a possible interaction between an environmental carcinogen and a papilloma virus . Nature 274, 215–217 (1978).
Foley, A. M. et al. Fibropapillomatosis in stranded green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from the eastern United States (1980–1998): trends and associations with environmental factors . J. Wildl. Dis. 41, 29–41 (2005).
Ylitalo, G. M. et al. The role of organochlorines in cancer-associated mortality in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) . Mar. Pollut. Bull. 50, 30–39 (2005).
Malins, D. C. et al. Toxic chemicals in marine sediment and biota from Mukilteo, Washington: relationships with hepatic neoplasms and other hepatic lesions in English sole (Parophrys vetulus) . J. Natl Cancer Inst. 74, 487–494 (1985).
Malins, D. C. et al. Toxic chemicals in sediments and biota from a creosote-polluted harbor: relationships with hepatic neoplasms and other hepatic lesions in English sole (Parophrys vetulus) . Carcinogenesis 6, 1463–1469 (1985).
Smith, I., Ferguson, H. & Hayes, M. Histopathology and prevalence of epidermal papillomas epidemic in brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus (Lesueur) and white sucker, Catostomus commersoni (Laceped) populations from Ontario, Canada . J. Fish. Dis. 12, 373–388 (1989).
Baumann, P. C., Smith, I. R. & Metcalfe, C. D. Linkages between chemical contaminants and tumors in benthic Great lakes fish . J. Great Lakes Res. 22, 131–152 (1996).
Martel, L. et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the Saguenay Fjord, Canada . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 37, 133–140 (1986).
World Health OrganizationInternational Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42. Suppl. 7. [online], (1998).
International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. IARC Monographs Vol. 32 (World Health Organization, 1983).
Bosetti, C., Boffetta, P. & La Vecchia, C. Occupational exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and respiratory and urinary tract cancers: a quantitative review to 2005 . Ann. Oncol. 18, 431–446 (2007).
Boffetta, P., Jourenkova, N. & Gustavsson, P. Cancer risk from occupational and environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Cancer Causes Control 8, 444–472 (1997).
Malins, D. C. et al. Field and laboratory studies of the etiology of liver neoplasms in marine fish from Puget Sound . Environ. Health Perspect. 71, 5–16 (1987).
Black, J. J. & Baumann, P. C. Carcinogens and cancers in freshwater fishes . Environ. Health Perspect. 90, 27–33 (1991).
Blazer, V. S. et al. Diagnostic criteria for proliferative hepatic lesions in brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus . Dis. Aquat. Org. 72, 19–30 (2006).
Sakamoto, K. & White, M. Dermal melanoma with schwannoma-like differentiation in a brown bullhead catfish (Ictalurus nebulosus) . J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 14, 247–250 (2002).
Maccubbin, A. E. et al. Evidence for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the diet of bottom-feeding fish . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34, 876–882 (1985).
Hendricks, J. D. et al. Hepatocarcinogenicity of benzo[a]pyrene to rainbow trout by dietary exposure and intraperitoneal injection . J. Natl Cancer Inst. 74, 839–851 (1985).
Black, J. J. et al. in Water Chlorination Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects (eds Jolley, R. L et al.) 415–427 (Plenum, New York, 1984).
Baumann, P. C. & Harshbarger, J. C. Decline in liver neoplasms in wild brown bullhead catfish after coking plant closes and environmental PAHs plummet . Environ. Health Perspect. 103, 168–170 (1995).
Baumann, P. C., Harshbarger, J. C. & Hartman, K. J. Relationship between liver tumors and age in brown bullhead populations from two Lake Erie tributaries . Sci. Total Environ. 94, 71–87 (1990).
Landy, R. B. in The Comparative Pathology of Zoo Animals (eds Montali, R. G. & Migaki, G.) 579–584 (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC, 1980).
De Guise, S., Lagacé, A. & Béland, P. Tumors in St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) . Vet. Pathol. 31, 444–449 (1994).
Martineau, D. et al. Intestinal adenocarcinomas in two beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the estuary of the St. Lawrence River . Can. Vet. J. 36, 563–565 (1995).
Mikaelian, I. et al. Metastatic mammary adenocarcinomas in two beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada . Vet. Rec. 145, 738–739 (1999).
Martineau, D. et al. Pathology of stranded beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Québec, Canada . J. Comp. Pathol. 98, 287–311 (1988).
Muir, D. C. G. et al. Persistent organochlorines in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence River estuary-I. Concentrations and patterns of specific PCBs, chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans . Environ. Pollut. 93, 219–234 (1996).
Muir, D. C. G. et al. Persistent organochlorines in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence River estuary—II. Temporal trends, 1982–1994 . Environ. Pollut. 93, 235–245 (1996).
Hobbs, K. E. et al. PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in blubber biopsies from free-ranging St. Lawrence River Estuary beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), 1994–1998 . Environ. Pollut. 122, 291–302 (2003).
Martineau, D. et al. Pathology and toxicology of beluga whales from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada. Past, present and future . Sci. Total Environ. 154, 201–215 (1994).
De Guise, S. et al. Possible mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants on St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) . Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (Suppl. 4), 73–77 (1995).
Martineau, D. et al. St. Lawrence beluga whales, the river sweepers? Environ. Health Perspect. 110, A562–A564 (2002).
Klaunig, J. E. & Kamendulis, L. M. in Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons 329–379 (McGraw-Hill Medical, New York, 2008).
Kane, A. B. & Kumar, V. in Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 270 (Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, 2005).
Timbrell, J. A. in Principles of Biochemical Toxicology 295–297 (CRC, London, 2008).
Culp, S. J. et al. A comparison of the tumors induced by coal tar and benzo[a]pyrene in a 2-year bioassay . Carcinogenesis 19, 117–124 (1998).
Culp, S. J. et al. DNA adduct measurements, cell proliferation and tumor mutation induction in relation to tumor formation in B6C3F1 mice fed coal tar or benzo[a]pyrene . Carcinogenesis 21, 1433–1440 (2000).
Rust, A. J. et al. Relationship between metabolism and bioaccumulation of benzo[a]pyrene in benthic invertebrates . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 23, 2587–2593 (2004).
Rocher, B. et al. Genotoxicant accumulation and cellular defence activation in bivalves chronically exposed to waterborne contaminants from the Seine River . Aquat. Toxicol. 79, 65–77 (2006).
Cossa, D., Picard-Bérubé, M. & Gouygou, J. P. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in mussels from the Estuary and Northwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 31, 41–47 (1983).
Wilson, J. Y. et al. Systemic effects of arctic pollutants in beluga whales indicated by CYP1A1 expression . Environ. Health Perspect. 113, 1594–1599 (2005).
Zhang, Q. Y. et al. Characterization of rat small intestinal cytochrome P450 composition and inducibility . Drug Metab. Dispos. 24, 322–328 (1996).
Harshbarger, J. C. & Slatick, M. S. Lesser known aquarium fish tumor models . Mar. Biotechnol. 3, S115–S129 (2001).
Lombard, L. S. & Witte, E. J. Frequency and types of tumors in mammals and birds of the Philadelphia Zoological Garden . Cancer Res. 19, 127–141 (1959).
Effron, M., Griner, L. & Benirschke, K. Nature and rate of neoplasia found in captive wild mammals, birds, and reptiles at necropsy . J. Natl Cancer Inst. 59, 185–198 (1977).
Ryan, M. J., Hill, D. L. & Whitney, G. D. Malignant chromatophoroma in a gopher snake . Vet. Pathol. 18, 827–829 (1981).
Suedmeyer, W. K. et al. Diagnosis and clinical management of multiple chromatophoromas in an eastern yellowbelly racer (Coluber constrictor flaviventris) . J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 38, 127–130 (2007).
Montali, R. J., Hoopes, P. J. & Bush, M. Extrahepatic biliary carcinomas in Asiatic bears . J. Natl Cancer Inst. 66, 603–608 (1981).
Miller, R. E. et al. Hepatic neoplasia in two polar bears . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 187, 1256–1258 (1985).
Lair, S. et al. Epidemiology of neoplasia in captive black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes), 1986–1996 . J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 33, 204–213 (2002).
Le Calvez, S., Perron-Lepage, M. & Burnett, R. Subcutaneous microchip-associated tumours in B6C3F1 mice: a retrospective study to attempt to determine their histogenesis . Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 57, 255–265 (2006).
Tillmann, T. et al. Subcutaneous soft tissue tumours at the site of implanted microchips in mice . Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 49, 197–200 (1997).
Elcock, L. E. et al. Tumors in long-term rat studies associated with microchip animal identification devices . Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 52, 483–491 (2001).
Pessier, A. et al. Soft tissue sarcomas associated with identification of microchip implants in two small zoo mammals . Proc. Am. Assoc. Zoo Vet. 139 (1999).
Siegal-Willott, J. et al. Microchip-associated leiomyosarcoma in an Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) . J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 38, 352–356 (2007).
McAloose, D., Munson, L. & Naydan, D. K. Histologic features of mammary carcinomas in zoo felids treated with melengestrol acetate (MGA) contraceptives . Vet. Pathol. 44, 320–326 (2007).
Harrenstien, L. A., Munson, L. & Seal, U. S. Mammary cancer in captive wild felids and risk factors for its development: a retrospective study of the clinical behavior of 31 cases . J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 27, 468–476 (1996).
Pilotti, S. et al. Histologic evidence for an association of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with human papilloma virus infection . Diagn. Gynecol. Obstet. 4, 357–362 (1982).
Lambertsen, R. et al. Genital papillomatosis in sperm whale bulls . J. Wildl. Dis. 23, 361–367 (1987).
Van Bressem, M. et al. Genital warts in Burmeister's porpoises: characterization of Phocoena spinipinnis papillomavirus type 1 (PsPV-1) and evidence for a second, distantly related PsPV . J. Gen. Virol. 88, 1928–1933 (2007).
Van Bressem, M. F. et al. Genital diseases in the Peruvian dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) . J. Comp. Pathol. 122, 266–277 (2000).
Cassonnet, P. et al. in The World Marine Mammal Science Conference, Monaco 25 (1998).
Bossart, G. D. et al. Orogenital neoplasia in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) . Aquatic Mammals 31, 473–480 (2005).
Geraci, J., Palmer, N. & St Aubin, D. Tumors in cetaceans: analysis and new findings . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44, 1289–1300 (1987).
Rehtanz, M. et al. Isolation and characterization of the first American bottlenose dolphin papillomavirus: Tursiops truncatus papillomavirus type 2 . J. Gen. Virol. 87, 3559–3565 (2006).
Van Bressem, M. F. et al. Cutaneous papillomavirus infection in a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from the North Sea . Vet. Rec. 144, 592–593 (1999).
Bossart, G. D. et al. Cutaneous papillomaviral-like papillomatosis in a killer whale . Mar. Mam. Sci. 12, 274–281 (1996).
Bossart, G. D. et al. Viral papillomatosis in Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) . Exp. Mol. Pathol. 72, 37–48 (2002).
De Guise, S., Lagacé, A. & Béland, P. Gastric papillomas in eight St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) . J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 6, 385–388 (1994).
Memar, O. M., Rady, P. L. & Tyring, S. K. Human herpesvirus-8: detection of novel herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in Kaposi's sarcoma and other lesions . J. Mol. Med. 73, 603–609 (1995).
Gunvén, P. et al. Epstein–Barr virus in Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Antibodies to EBV associated membrane and viral capsid antigens in Burkitt lymphoma patients . Nature 228, 1053–1056 (1970).
Blumberg, B. S. et al. The relation of infection with the hepatitis B agent to primary hepatic carcinoma . Am. J. Pathol. 81, 669–682 (1975).
Summers, J., Smolec, J. M. & Snyder, R. A virus similar to human hepatitis B virus associated with hepatitis and hepatoma in woodchucks . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 75, 4533–4537 (1978).
Granoff, A. Herpesvirus and the Lucké tumor . Cancer Res. 33, 1431–1433 (1973).
Poiesz, B. J. et al. Isolation of a new type C retrovirus (HTLV) in primary uncultured cells of a patient with Sézary T-cell leukaemia . Nature 294, 268–271 (1981).
Martineau, D. et al. Molecular characterization of a unique retrovirus associated with a fish tumor . J. Virol. 66, 596–599 (1992).
Paul, T. A. et al. Identification and characterization of an exogenous retrovirus from Atlantic salmon swim bladder sarcomas . J. Virol. 80, 2941–2948 (2006).
The authors thank D. Lyden, W. Karesh and T. Chang, whose thoughtful suggestions, especially early on, helped shape the content of the manuscript. They also acknowledge D. Joly and the anonymous reviewers, whose critical reviews and comments markedly improved the final version.
Denise McAloose and Alisa L. Newton are at Pathology and Disease Investigation, Global Health Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York, New York 10460, USA.
Denise McAloose
& Alisa L. Newton
Search for Denise McAloose in:
Nature Research journals •
Search for Alisa L. Newton in:
Correspondence to Denise McAloose.
Allee effect
A decrease in population fitness, such as population decline, at low population density.
In the lowest ecological regions (such as the sediment surface) of a body of water.
An animal in the order Cetacea; includes, whales, dolphins and porpoises.
Cholangioma
A benign tumour of the intrahepatic bile ducts.
Chromatophoroma
Tumour of the pigment-producing, light-reflecting cells, xanthophores, erythrophores and iridiphores, in vertebrate and invertebrate species, such as amphibians, fish, reptiles, crustaceans and cepahalopods.
Fibropapillomatosis
A condition characterized by the presence of proliferative neoplasms containing superficial epidermal and subjacent dermal tissue.
IUCN
The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources is a global environmental network created in 1948 consisting of government, non-governmental organizations and scientific members that works with United Nations agencies, companies and communities towards the development of best practices, policy and environmental laws.
Koch's postulates
Criteria established by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884 that established a relationship between a pathogen and disease, including: detection of an organism in hosts suffering from the disease; isolation of the novel organism in pure culture from the original host; transmission of cultured organism causes disease development in the healthy naive experimental host and the isolation of the organism (confirmed identical to the original causative organism) from a lesion in an inoculated host.
An organochlorine insecticide that bioaccumulates in the environment and is carcinogenic.
An animal in the orders Carnivora or Odobenidae (walrus), Otariidae (fur seal and sea lion) or Phocidae (true seals).
Marginal and long-term changes in birth, death, immigration, emigration and composition (such as, sex, age and class) of a population.
Sirenian
An animal in the families Trichechidae (manatees) or Dugongidae (dugongs and sea cows).
NOAA Fisheries Service
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency web site — Great Lakes Areas of Concern
To obtain permission to re-use content from this article visit RightsLink.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2665
Perspectives on the expansion of human precision oncology and genomic approaches to sea turtle fibropapillomatosis
David J. Duffy
& Mark Q. Martindale
Communications Biology (2019)
Primary Pleural Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Free-ranging River Otter (Lontra canadensis)
Norbert van de Velde
, Douglas J. Demetrick
& Pádraig J. Duignan
Journal of Wildlife Diseases (2019)
Metastasis in the wild: investigating metastasis in non-laboratory animals
Bushra Abu-Helil
& Louise van der Weyden
Clinical & Experimental Metastasis (2019)
Intestinal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts in a population of beluga whales with high levels of gastrointestinal cancers
Miriam C. Poirier
, Stéphane Lair
, Robert Michaud
, Elena E. Hernández-Ramon
, Kathyayini V. Divi
, Jennifer E. Dwyer
, Corbin D. Ester
, Nancy N. Si
, Mehnaz Ali
, Lisa L. Loseto
, Stephen A. Raverty
, Judith A. St. Leger
, William G. Van Bonn
, Kathleen Colegrove
, Kathleen A. Burek-Huntington
, Robert Suydam
, Raphaela Stimmelmayr
, John Pierce Wise
, Sandra S. Wise
, Guy Beauchamp
& Daniel Martineau
Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis (2019)
Copper isotopes as possible neoplasia biomarkers in captive wild felids
Alexandra T. Gourlan
, Guillaume Douay
& Philippe Telouk
Zoo Biology (2019)
16 Altmetric
Nature Reviews Cancer menu


Fourth-year graduate student Chelsea Hepler has capped a momentous spring by winning the 2018 Nominata Award, the most prestigious honor for research by a student in the UT Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.
The Nominata Award was created by the Graduate Student Organization in 1980 to recognize academic excellence and research achievement among advanced graduate students. The award includes a $2,000 prize, a gift certificate, and the honor of presenting in the University Lecture Series, which Ms. Hepler did in mid-May.


text:
Poland decommissions first Kobben-class submarine ORP Kondor
The Polish Navy decommissioned the first of its four Kobben-class submarines – ORP Kondor – in a ceremony at the naval port in Gdynia on December 20.
With 50 years of service behind them, the remaining three submarines in the class are also set to be decommissioned in the near future.
Kondor and its sister vessels are an export version of the German Type 205 boats built for the Royal Norwegian Navy by Nordseewerke GmbH in the 1960s. Norway transferred all of its Kobben submarines to Denmark and Poland between 1989 and 2003.
Denmark has already decommissioned all boats in the class and only three units remain in Polish Navy service.
During its 13 years of service with the Polish Navy, ORP Kondor traveled a total of 42,000 nautical miles and spent 600 days underway.
The submarine contributed to NATO's counter-terrorism operation Active Endeavor deploying to the Mediterranean Sea from October 2008 to March 2009. Kondor was also sent to take part in international drills like Baltops, Brilliant Mariner and NATO Response Force exercises.
Kobben submarines measure 47.2 meters in length, displace 572 tons while submerged and reach a maximum speed of 18 knots. They are capable of operating at depths of up to 200 meters.
Posted on December 20, 2017 with tags Kobben-class, ORP Kondor, Polish Navy, Type 205.
Danish Navy to commission HDMS Lauge Koch
The Royal Danish Navy is scheduled to commission its third and final Knud Rasmussen-class patrol vessel, HDMS Lauge ...
Turkish Navy decommissions 74 year old submarine rescue ship
A former US Navy submarine rescue ship has concluded over seven decades of service with two navies. Decommissioned ...
Poland's sole Kilo submarine catches fire in dock
A fire broke out aboard the Polish Navy's only Kilo-class submarine ORP Orzeł recently, as it was docked at ...
HMAS Darwin set for final visit to namesake city
Royal Australian Navy's Adelaide-class frigate HMAS Darwin is set to make a final visit to her namesake city ...
Italian Navy decommissions ITS Prometeo
The Italian Navy has decommissioned its deep sea tugboat ITS Prometeo after over 40 years of service. The vessel ...
Sunken Royal Navy submarine HMS Narwhal found after 77 years
The wreck of what is believed to be the Royal Navy's WWII submarine HMS Narwhal has recently been found by ...
NATO's submarine rescue drill concludes in Turkey
The international, NATO-led, submarine search and rescue exercise Dynamic Monarch 2017 concluded off the coast of ...
Turkey hosting NATO submarine rescue drill Dynamic Monarch
A NATO-sponsored submarine escape and rescue (SMER) exercise kicked off in Turkey on September 8. Dubbed Dynamic ...
Singapore, Indonesian Navy conclude MCM drill
Republic of Singapore Navy and Indonesian Navy ships concluded several days of mine countermeasure drill in Batam, ...
Royal Navy decommissions HMS Torbay
Royal Navy's fourth Trafalgar-class submarine HMS Torbay was decommissioned in a ceremony on July 14, some ...
Poland to host Baltic Sea drill BALTOPS 17
Poland is hosting 40 ships from 14 nations for this year's edition of the international Baltic Sea exercise ...
European navies gather in Italy for exercise Mare Aperto 17
Some 40 vessels from 7 countries gathered in the port of Cagliari to take part in the annual, Italian-hosted ...
US Navy decommissions USS Albuquerque
After 33 years of service with the U.S. Navy, Los Angeles-class fast-attack submarine USS Albuquerque (SSN 706) was ...
Polish PGZ, French DCNS sign submarine construction MOU
Polish state-owned defense company Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa (PGZ) and French shipbuilder DCNS signed an agreement ...
Indian Navy to receive second Scorpene submarine by year-end
The Indian Navy launched the second Scorpene-class submarine during a ceremony held at Mazagon Dock Shipyard ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


You may submit your concern anonymously or confidentially by postal mail. By so indicating in your communication, you may direct your concern only to the non-management members, the independent members or any individual member of the Board of Directors or any such group or committee of Directors, either by name or title. You may also indicate whether you are a stockholder or other interested party.
In addition, material that is unduly hostile, threatening, illegal or similarly unsuitable will be excluded, with the provision that any communication that is filtered out must be made available to any non-management director upon request.


Brenda Krause is tired of fear mongering among the Democrats.
The 55-year-old delegate to the Democratic National Convention doesn't think the party – or its unity – is in any way compromised by her voting for Hillary Rodham Clinton at the roll call.
When Clinton dropped out of the running, Krause mourned that her generation likely isn't going to see a woman claim the Oval Office.
That day, she vowed to stick with the New York senator.
So go the voices of dozens of national delegates across the country, pledged to the New York senator, who say they are flummoxed about what to do when they are asked to cast a vote in a few weeks.
Though the majority of the Democratic party backs Sen. Barack Obama, an undercurrent of staunch and loyal Clinton supporters say they'll fight all the way to the national convention, which begins in Denver in 18 days, to put her name on the ballot.
Jenny Backus, a senior Obama adviser and convention liasion in Denver, said across the country Obama and Clinton delegates have forged ties.
But for many Clinton delegates, it is about principle.
Because they were chosen by her supporters in districts across the country, many say they won't feel like they fulfilled their duty until they cast a vote for her — however futile that might be.
Kagan is among a small group of people working to garner 300 signatures from national delegates to complete DNC rule requirements to put Clinton's name back on the ballot. Even if they get enough signatures, Clinton must agree to have her name placed on the ballot.
Rules of the convention require a roll call vote, and stipulate that "delegates may vote for the candidate of their choice whether or not the name of such candidate was placed in nomination." The national committee can decide how to handle those votes.
Clinton has said in Youtube postings and in a Web chat Thursday that she is working with the Democratic National Committee and the Obama campaign to find a solution.
Other Clinton delegates said privately that they were afraid to speak out against the Democratic National Committee or Obama, for fear of getting their credentials yanked at the convention.
Debra Bartoshevich, a Wisconsin delegate who after Clinton dropped out said she planned to support Republican John McCain, already has been kicked off the national delegation.
Yet, the Obama campaign says it is working hard to solidify the party.
One of the olive branch Clinton delegates is Hector Balderas, the 34-year-old state auditor of New Mexico. He supported Clinton because he liked her policies surrounding high school dropouts. Now he's traversing the state pushing the message for Obama.
"I wouldn't see it as a coronation if we were unified with a particular candidate," Balderas said, adding that putting the party together "would be preparation to do battle" against McCain.
The grassroots group of Clinton supporters say they have nearly 200 signatures notarized to put her name on the convention ballot, with commitments from at least 100 more.
In an attempt to inspire the masses, Kagan, a delegate from Colorado's 1st Congressional district, quotes French philosopher Voltaire.
Others, like Will Bower, a founder of Project Unity My A--, or PUMA, are not ready to support Obama.
"My group and I are not looking to be arrested," said Simone DuBois, who lives in northern California and filmed the Youtube video from a Clinton fundraiser last week that is madly circulating the country.
Another group plans to air a documentary called "The Audacity of Democracy", which highlights voter confusion during the 2008 Democratic primaries.
Allowing delegates to vote for their chosen candidate gives them an opportunity to celebrate that candidate and their work on the campaign, said former Colorado Sen. Gary Hart, who ran for president in 1984 and 1988.
Hart believes Clinton, a longtime Party loyalist, will want to prevent protests and help Obama get elected.
Since July, Obama staffers say they've reached out to Clinton delegates by phone and email and have invited them to community events and local platform meetings.
Yet some delegates say the process has left them bruised.
Awilda Marquez, a Colorado delegate, said she feels like his campaign has been dismissive of the Clinton supporters.
Allison Sherry and Anne C. Mulkern are reporters for The Denver Post. Their work can be read at Politicswest.com.


Iain Darroch has 5 years experience as a Venture Capitalist with Seraphim Capital in the UK and has worked on 45 investments. He has experienced the highs and lows of venture capital and wants to share it with you. More recently he worked with BSkyB in Emerging Products before moving to Sydney this year.
Get the inside story on Venture Capital from the perspective of an Ex-VC. Learn how a VC fund operates, how it manages investments, assesses deals and how it is incentivised.


text:
Applications for Review
Special Use Permit
Each zoning district establishes a specific list of allowable uses. Allowable uses are divided into two categories; either permitted or special uses.
A use listed as "permitted" in a zoning district is considered to always be appropriate for the district and does not require any special permission from the City Council. Permitted uses are allowable by right and simply require the property owner to obtain the necessary building permits or change of use permit to establish the use.
A use listed as "special" in a zoning district is considered to have characteristics that may create off-site negative impacts on allowable permitted uses within the district. Therefore, such uses are required to obtain a special use permit, which requires a public hearing before the Planning & Zoning Commission and ultimate approval by the City Council.
Conditions of approval may be placed on a special use request to ensure that any negative impacts are mitigated or eliminated.
Special Use Permit Application
Chayton True
Email Chayton True
Amendment to the Comprehensive Plan
Annexation & Annexation Agreements
Planned Unit Development (PUD), Preliminary
Planned Unit Development (PUD), Final
Plat of Subdivision, Preliminary
Plat of Subdivision, Final
Sign Variation
Site Plan Review
Zoning Map Amendment
Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment


2         -# administrative files in $CVSROOT/CVSROOT, such as template files.
5         -# the corresponding RCS file in the $CVSROOT/CVSROOT directory.
7         -# be checked out.
1         -# The "commitinfo" file is used to control pre-commit checks.
4         -# cause the commit to be aborted.
9         -# of the line is the name of the filter to run.
12         -# file, the "DEFAULT" line is used, if it is specified.
15         -# in addition to the first matching regex or "DEFAULT".
5         -# in the repository.
1         -# This file affects handling of files based on their names.
5         -# its way in and out of CVS.
7         -# The -m option specifies whether CVS attempts to merge files.
9         -# The -k option specifies keyword expansion (e.g. -kb for binary).
21         -#  and value is a single-quote delimited value.
9         -#   Making sure that the entered bug-id number is correct.
12         -#       number to identify this particular code set.).
14         -# If any of the above test failed, then the commit would be aborted.
17         -# better handled by an entry in the loginfo file.
5         -# program that should expect log information on its standard input.
8         -# file, the "DEFAULT" line is used, if it is specified.
11         -# in addition to the first matching regex or DEFAULT.
9         -# "ALL" or "DEFAULT" can be used in place of the regular expression.
12         -#ALL mail %s -s "CVS notification"
2         -# is invoked on commit and import.
7         -# line is the name of the file that contains the template.
10         -# file, the "DEFAULT" line is used, if it is specified.
13         -# in addition to the first matching regex or "DEFAULT".
1         -# The "taginfo" file is used to control pre-tag checks.
9         -# A non-zero exit of the filter program will cause the tag to be aborted.
14         -# of the line is the name of the filter to run.
17         -# file, the "DEFAULT" line is used, if it is specified.
20         -# in addition to the first matching regex or "DEFAULT".
33         -'''<''' and '''!=''' to comparisons of numeric values.
42         -as a programmer might expect: "bambam" < "barney" < "betty" < "fred".
48         -rendering '''<''' and friends worthless for sorting. 0x10 < 0y < 1 < 0x10.
66         -Two things are proposed.
68         -   1. [[8.x]] Four new bareword operators, '''ge''', '''gt''', '''le''' and '''lt''' shall be added to the expression parser and to the '''::tcl::mathop''' command set. They will have precedence identical to the existing operators '''>=''', '''>''', '''<=''' and '''<'''. They will accept string values, and return 0 or 1 according to lexicographic string comparison of their operators. This change is entirely backward compatible (it uses syntax that would previously have been erroneous), and should go in as soon as possible - no later than the next point release, but ideally even in a patchlevel - so that programmers can begin conversion as soon as possible. Use of the  '''==''', '''>=''', '''>''', '''<=''', '''<''', and '''!=''' for comparing non-numeric values shall immediately be deprecated.
70         -   2. [[9.0]] Passing of non-numeric values to the '''==''', '''>=''', '''>''', '''<=''', '''<''', and '''!=''' operators (or to their '''tcl::mathop''' equivalents) shall be forbidden and result in an error being thrown.
84         -The second comparison will have the effect of forcing both operands to be numeric, and the existing comparison code will then provide the correct semantics.
94         -plan is to leave a "backward compatibility" setting out of scope.
100         -functionality is also considered to be out of scope.
114         -attempts to address them.
117         -      operators. This proposal consumes four of them, leaving only 28.
122         -      expression parse tree fit in exactly 16 bytes (or four int's).
123         -      It is far from obvious that this pretty size is actually useful.
128         -      still have nearly half the operators left.
143         -      is an invalid bareword is arguably surprising.
148         -      better nor worse.
150         -      Moreover, the language of [[expr]] is not the same as Tcl.
152         -      precise substitution rules - and it would be surprising if it did!
155         -      is one among many.
163         -      '''eq''', '''ne''', '''in''' and '''ni''' operations were introduced.
177         -      the general problem.
194         -|    (0) loadScalar1 %v0        # var "x"
195         -|    (2) loadScalar1 %v1        # var "y"
197         -|    (5) push1 0        # "0"


text:
Shop all Primeira Liga
Shop all Dutch Eredivisie
Shop all MLS
Shop all Kits
Boot Packs
adidas Pyro Storm
adidas Thunder Storm
adidas Ocean Storm
adidas Dust Storm
Nike Lock In. Let Loose.
Nike Time to Shine
Nike Rising Fast
Nike CR7 Cut to Brilliance
Carbrini
10 of the Best 2016/2017 Football Kits
As the kit releases keep our football cravings at bay until the start of the season, at FOOTY.COM we've put together the 10 best kits of the 2016/2017 campaign.
By Michael Lowdon
15.08.16 in shirts
If there is one thing that every football fan can agree on, it's the boredom of pre-season. New signings and departing players give supporters somewhat of a fix between seasons, but the lull in no competitive fixtures can leave fans wandering around aimlessly, confused at what to watch and complain about. That's why when your club's latest kit is released the excitement can be overwhelming.
At FOOTY.COM we've sifted through the press releases and endless kit unveilings to bring you the ten very best kits for the fast approaching 2016-2017 season!
10. Ajax - Home
A Dutch of class!
Shop Ajax Home
Traditional, stylish and striking, this year's Ajax home kit is one for the football purists. A good Ajax kit is similar to a reliable player in your favourite side: you know what you're getting, nothing too fancy, but gets the job done every time. With the latest Ajax home kit you get just that. As it follows the new shirt template from adidas, the brands' three stripes run down the body of the shirt rather than the sleeves, giving Ajax their cleanest looking shirt in years. The kit leaves the iconic solo red stripe to do the talking and it's a must for any fan of Total Football or those looking to pay honour to the late, great Johan Cruyff.
9. Bayern Munich - Away
Travelling in style.
Shop Bayern Munich Away
At FOOTY.COM we're a sucker for a diagonal. Whether it's a sash or a set of diagonal stripes, you'll catch us sprinting to the till waving our wallet in the air. So when Bayern Munich released their away kit for their 16/17 Bundesliga campaign, in which they'll hope to win a record fifth consecutive title, we fell head over heels for it. Going against Die Roten's recent white away shirts, adidas have continued their trend to produce striking and menacing kits for Bayern. The design of the kit is inspired by the city streets in which young Bavarian's play their football and adidas' orange shoulder stripes contrast against the three grey diagonals. A modern day classic if we ever saw one!
8. St Pauli - Third
Distinctive. Another future classic?
Shop St Pauli Third
Everybody's favourite German yo-yo club St Pauli have given us yet another reason to get behind them. Adopted by hipsters the world over due to their left-wing politics and social activism, the likes of which are rare among most clubs, St Pauli have become synonymous with the skull and crossbone symbol. Not shy of producing distinctive goalkeeper shirts, their latest third kit is ideal for any kit collector. The shirt features a large faded skull print on the front and is unlike anything we've seen before. As one of the first St Pauli kits designed by Under Armour, they have certainly hit the ground running.
7. Manchester City - Home
Blue swoon...
Shop Manchester City Home
It's been a pretty big summer in the blue half of Manchester. Tactical mastermind Pep Guardiola has been brought in to revolutionise the Citizens and usher in a new successful era at the Etihad. Along with a new stripped down badge and influx of new players, City have revealed the smart and stylish kit they'll wear in the Catalan's first season in charge. The collars used on previous shirts have been ditched and the top now incorporates Nike AeroSwift technology, in order to make City faster than before. The kit also draws inspiration from City's past and pays homage to the club's history with the year in which they were formed stitched on the inside sleeve cuff. Slick, sharp and striking, can City's play under Pep match their new style?
6. Bayern Munich - Home
Xabi means business.
Shop Bayern Munich Home
Just like the Bundesliga, FC Hollywood have a strong hold on our top ten! This time it's down to their very business-like new home kit. Blurring the lines between leisure and sportswear, adidas have produced one of the most stylish Bayern kits in years. Along with the return of a polo collar, white shorts have also had their Bavarian revival, as Ancelotti looks towards another Bundesliga whitewash. The subtle horizontal lines on the main body of the shirt, together with the white trim on the shirt sleeves and collar, makes this arguably the best Bayern kit in recent years.
5. Leicester City - Home
A shirt fit for champions!
Now, we know Leicester were sponsored by King Power last year, but has there ever been a more suitable shirt sponsor in the Premier League?! The crown symbol above the I is incredibly fitting for the champions and we imagine the Leicester PR team are still smiling from ear to ear. Last season's home shirts were like gold-dust towards the end of the campaign, and we can imagine their latest home kit will continue to fly off the shelves. The addition of a subtle collar and gold shoulder trim, of course along with golden Premier League sleeve patches, makes this a must have for any Foxes fan.
4. Juventus - Home
Well it wasn't good enough to keep hold of Mr. Pogba. His loss...
Shop Juventus Home
Back again with another new twist on a classic, adidas have been busy building an arsenal of stylish kits across Europe. In what is their second season with the Old Lady after taking over from Nike, adidas have really stuck their neck out with the Turin champion's latest home kit. Opting to radically reduce the number of Juve's iconic black and white stripes, the shirt is predominantly white and is unlike any Juventus shirt we've seen. White pinstripes run down each of the broader black stripes, while similar to adidas' new template the brands' three stripes run down the side of the shirts, rather than the sleeves. When paired with black shorts and socks, the shirt sits nicely and rounds the kit of well. Hats of to adidas. They've designed a strong, fluid and powerful kit, matching the club perfectly.
3. Club America - Home
South American Beauty.
Celebrating the Mexican club's centenary year, Nike have produced a kit for the ages. Beautifully blending their latest kit technology with Club America's traditional cream and white colours, you'll struggle to find a nicer looking kit for the 16/17 season. Club's unique yellow cream rises to the top of the shirt and blends effortlessly to white, while the crest proudly sits on the left of the chest, matching the navy trim of the shirt. At FOOTY.COM we're not normally a fan of shirt sponsors, but we can't help but like the way the logos pop out on the latest Club America kit. An all round beaut. Take a bow, Nike.
2. Barcelona - Home
Back to the classic vertical stripes. Clean as a whistle.
Shop Barcelona Home
After experimenting with horizontal stripes last season, Nike have made a welcome return to the more popular and traditional vertical design in the latest Barcelona shirt. Their latest home kit draws inspiration from the 1992 home kit, the season in which Johan Cryuff's Dream Team secured the Catalans' first ever European Cup, 25 years ago. The kit also sees the return of blue shorts, as well as no sponsorship on the main body, something called for by many fans. Those same fans will be hoping they can reclaim the Champions League from bitter rivals Real and return to Europe's best, in the classic and stylish strip.
1. Pumas UNAM - Home + Away
Home? (left) or Away? (right). We just can't choose.
We're a picky bunch at FOOTY.COM, but we simply cannot chose between the latest Pumas UNAM home and away kit for our top spot. Both incorporate the club's iconic Puma crest in the centre of the shirt, along with intricate artwork from a famous mural at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The gold and navy colourways are reversed between the home and away kit and produce arguable the best set of strips in the game. If you ever get a chance to snap up either of these stunning shirts, you shouldn't think twice!
There you have it, FOOTY.COM's list of the ten biggest and best kit releases for the upcoming season. Do you agree with our run down, are any kits catching your eye or do you think we've left left out some obvious choices?! Let us know your thoughts in the comments section.
Tagged in this post: guides
@footydotcom_
Solano inspired marauding full back, with little end product, Michael can be found with his head in a football book rather than the opposition's box. Often seen looking miserable in a Newcastle United shirt.
What are the best football boots for 4G pitches?
When you're playing on a 4G pitch, you've got to make sure your boots are up to the task.
The best all-round football boots suitable for any position
Sometimes you simply need a boot that can do it all. Each of these boots fall into that category.
The Best Football Boots For Passing - Our top 4 picks
In a pair of any of these boots you'll be spraying balls across the pitch like Andrea Pirlo in his prime.
Copyright © 2019 The Footy Club Limited (FOOTY.COM). All Rights Reserved. Chase House, Rainton Bridge, DH4 5RA, United Kingdom. Registered company number 09366389.


text:
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"text/template"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/api"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/client"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/fields"
	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/pkg/labels"
)

type ServerPort struct {
	ServerAddress string
	ServicePort   int
}

type ServiceServers struct {
	ServiceName string
	ServerPorts []ServerPort
}

func main() {
	config := &client.Config{
		Host:     "http://localhost:8080",
		Username: "test",
		Password: "password",
	}
	client, err := client.New(config)
	if err != nil {
		// handle error
	}
	//TODO: have namespace a flag for the script
	ns := api.NamespaceDefault
	list, err := client.Services(ns).List(labels.Everything())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	//TODO: allow selction of nodes by labels or fields
	nodes, err := client.Nodes().List(labels.Everything(), fields.Everything())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	//TODO: this data structure is a mess. Maybe put in Kubernetes
	// client helper methods for some of these data points
	var templateServiceServers []ServiceServers
	for _, service := range list.Items {
		if service.Name == "kubernetes" {
			// TODO: better way of filtering out the kubernetes service?
			continue
		}
		s := &ServiceServers{ServiceName: service.Name}
		sp := &ServerPort{}
		for _, port := range service.Spec.Ports {
			sp.ServicePort = port.NodePort
		}
		for _, node := range nodes.Items {
			for _, address := range node.Status.Addresses {
				sp.ServerAddress = address.Address
			}
		}
		s.ServerPorts = append(s.ServerPorts, *sp)

		templateServiceServers = append(templateServiceServers, *s)
	}

	// TODO: allow your own template file
	t := template.New("Nginx config template")
	t, err = t.ParseFiles("nginx.tmpl")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	t.ExecuteTemplate(os.Stdout, "nginx.tmpl", templateServiceServers)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Health Canada just announced a recall of Alumilite Clear Cast Epoxy, a popular brand used in crafting, including jewellery makings and glitter tumblers. I have personally purchased this from Micheals and Amazon. Based on the information provided in the recall notice, it is an issue with the packaging not meeting consumer regulations and not a problem with the product itself, so don't panic if you have been using it!
If you are affected by this recall, please see the official recall notice for complete details.
You can also sign up for Health Canada's product recall notices to be informed of any future recalls.
I also share craft related notices whenever possible on The Crafty Beaver Facebook page.


Tui Na Massage Therapy for special needs has been developed by Leonid Rozman, through his desire to support his own son's development and improve his quality of life. Prior to developing this specific Tui Na therapy, Leonid had over 20 years of experience in Eastern philosophies and bodywork, with Tui Na massage in particular. He graduated from the Asante Academy of Chinese Medicine, affiliated with Middlesex University. In 2012 Leonid founded the Tui Na Centre, with a specific aim of reaching out to a large number of parents and carers of children with special needs, and training and empowering them to apply the massage therapy techniques at home with their children.


text:
The Crazy, Cool and Unsettling Ways Police Are Using Social Media
By Laura Entis
If you want to successfully run an organization, you can't afford to ignore social media. That's especially true if you're a running a police department.
Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Pinterest: For police departments social media is as valuable, if not more valuable, a resource than it is for traditional brands and businesses. It helps humanize the force by allowing departments to connect and converse with the general public, but more importantly, it provides a platform for police officers to share information quickly and respond to tips from civilians (who are often more forthcoming over social media than they'd be in person).
In many ways, social media and the police go together like chocolate and peanut butter. It just makes sense. A 2013 social media survey from the International Association of Chiefs of Police found that 96 percent of police departments use social media in some capacity, more than 80 percent say it has helped them solve crimes, and 73 percent of agencies said it helped improve police-community relationships in their jurisdiction.
It's encouraging to see our men and women in blue taking to social media with suchgung-ho enthusiasm. Unfortunately, as most of us know by now (if not through personal experience, then through internet horror stories) social media can be a double-edged sword with one heck of a blade. We see it all the time -- poor unfortunate businesses and civilians alike impaling themselves on their own well-intentioned tweets, posts, or hashtag campaigns. (Here's looking at you, NYPD. But more on that later).
Related: Can Twitter Be Used to Predict Crime?
Police departments, which already generate high levels of both emotion and controversy, are particularly susceptible to social media misfires. That's because, at least in part, while most businesses and brands have a solid grasp on what you should and shouldn't do on social media in a professional context, the do's and don'ts in the context of law enforcement are less established.
Here's a look at the recent ways police departments have used social media. How would you describe each case? (Smart? Dumb? Unethical?)
Live tweeting a sting operation
When is it appropriate to live-tweet? At the Westminster Dog Show? (Sure.) While giving birth? (Questionable.) At funeral? (Probably not.)
What about a live sting operation?
In what has to be a first, Prince George's County Police in Maryland is planning on doing exactly that. The date and time are still unknown, but the department will be tweeting from @PGPDNews using the hashtag #PGPDVice in the near future. Appropriate?
Department spokeswoman Julie Parker told USA Today that the live-tweeting will target the men soliciting prostitutes (not the prostitute themselves); @PGPDNews will potentially tweet out specific names, charges and photos.
Why they're doing it: "We're hoping the advance notice we've provided acts as a deterrent to would-be johns who choose to engage in this illegal behavior. This is another example of our department's commitment to transparency. We'll give our community real-time access to the PGPD's Vice Unit which is dedicated to shutting down this type of illicit business and seeking help for its victims," the department wrote in a blog post.
Related: The Ethics Coach on Handling Social Media Attacks
Potential concerns: "This seems to be a reality TV show masking as law enforcement," Cyndee Clay, who works at a D.C. area group that assists people in the sex work industry, told USA Today. "There's a sensationalism there that is exciting there for people but quite frankly these are real societal issues and again these are real people's lives we're dealing with."
In addition, should resources be expended live tweeting a sting, instead of being used to, you know, actually make anarrest? Is this a good use of tax-payer money? Is this a good use of social media?
Asking twitter users to post pictures of themselves with New York officers and hashtag it #myNYPD
Why they did it: To spread goodwill. The intention was clearly to circulate a stream of photos showcasing smiling officers next to smiling New Yorkers.
Reaction: Some people did exactly that. Others, not so much: Photos of police brutality took over the hashtag (some of them truly disturbing). Despite the immediate and intense backlash, the NYPD stood by the hashtag campaign; NYPD spokesperson Deputy Chief Kim Y. Royster told The New York Times that the department was "creating new ways to communicate effectively with the community" and that Twitter provided "an open forum for an uncensored exchange" that is "good for our city."
Using Pinterest as a lost and found:
Why they did it: Gloucester Township and Mountain View have found that the photo-based social platform allows residents to easily locate lost or stolen items that have been recovered as a result of criminal investigations or have been turned into the Department as lost property.
Related: How 122-Year-Old General Electric Is Killing It on Social Media
Before the creation of the Gloucester Township "Pinterest" website, for example, residents had to make an appointment to come to the Police Station and at the lost or found property. Now, they can surf the Pinterest board online at their own convenience.
Reaction: Seems like a pretty ingenious way to use social media. Check out the #GTPD Recovered Property board.
Publicly firing officers over twitter: In 2013, twenty-seven officers and employees were fired from the Dallas police department; each departure was accompanied by a termination Tweet from Police Chief David O. Brown stating the name of the employee and the reason why he or she was fired.
Why he did it: Brown said his actions (fittingly, he did so in a tweet) were motivated by transparency, and a desire to "engage the public on social media."
Reaction: Mixed, judging from our reader's comments. While a few expressed their support for Brown's unconventional tweets, many found them unnecessarily humiliating.
"I love to see the law enforcement community embracing change…but this seems to be something a PR/Social Media professional should have handled rather than the chief," wrote one commentator.
And what would have happened if the information Brown tweeted out was wrong? "This policy will open many cans of worms," wrote another commentator.
Related: Use These Twitter Guidelines to Avoid a PR Nightmare
Laura Entis
Laura Entis is a reporter for Fortune.com's Venture section.
How to Develop Lifelong Clients
Krista Mashore
Designers Have the Power to Shape the Metaverse. Here's How.
Nick Babich


Do you think that Lady Fortune accompanies you? If you consider yourself a lucky fish in the ocean, Casino Cruise gives you a possibility to check your fortune and get huge prizes alongside with this!
The new promotion at Casino Cruise The Lucky Fish is your chance to win an awesome bonus and get some really impressive wins.
Here is our guide on how to take part in this promotion and the possible rewards you will fight for.
First of all, you need to register if you do not have an account at Casino Cruise. This online gaming establishment is famous for its generous promotions but only its members can participate in them.
Secondly, you should play at Casino Cruise daily and deposit to your account. The minimum deposit required is only £10 to get the right for participation.
Thirdly, as soon as you deposit, you receive access to 3 Lucky Fish reload bonuses up to £200!
You are free to use these reload bonuses to gamble any best casino games hoping for a big win. But do not forget to read the full terms and conditions to be familiar with all the rules. You should also remember that there are 40 wagering requirements for all the cash bonus wins.
Join Casino Cruise just now!
Do not waste time! Take your swimsuit and set off for a rather generous welcome bonus offered at Casino Cruise. All the new users have a chance to get as much as £1100 welcome bonus package plus 250 free spins!
The offered bonus will be divided over your first four deposits. Your first deposit of £20 or more will bring you a 150% bonus up to £300 and 250 free spins.
Pay attention that New CasinoTopsOnline gamblers from the United Kingdom, Europe, Canada and Australia can claim this welcome bonus.
Join Casino Cruise just now and dive for a big win!


Valentines Day, (or Galentines Day as some like to call it) is fast approaching. So, whether you're treating a loved one, a friend, or simply treating yourself, jewellery is a perfect way to go.
Monica Vinader is a brand I've worn for a couple of years now. I love to mix and match their stacking rings with my very own jewellery. Layering their pendants together with different chains creating a very different an personal look with every outfit.
Jewellery can be so personal so taking time to consider what you're purchasing is key. Take into consideration the style of the design; do they like modern and on trend piece or more of a timeless and classic design? The finish; what colours do they usually wear? Gold, silver or rose gold? Lastly; Personalisation. Engraving a date, message or hand drawn doodle will give the perfect personal touch.
Styles like the small gold siren or ziggy mini petal pendant which are engraveable, are perfect to personalise for a loved one with perhaps a special date or hand written message. The Alphabet collection is also great for personalisation with individual typographical pendant, and symbols like the heart which look amazing worn together on a dainty chain. The Fiji or linear bead friendship chain bracelet is the perfect gift to celebrate a beautiful friendship. Or, just simply treat yourself! The gold siren stacking ring in black onyx, white topaz wide band ring or the gold fiji mini hoops are a personal favourite of mine.
Oh so cute, I missed your post earlier otherwise i would have have used this.
If you get any chance to write about hotels in New York, please do consider us we have four hotel in the city.
Wow, we are obsessed with these dainty Valentine's gifts! So beautiful and so unique, Monica Vinader, is truly a magnificent jeweler! We love your blog posts!


A rising conservative voice says Americans have largely grown ignorant of the principles and motivations surrounding the U.S. founding and America is in the process of fulfilling 200-year-old predictions about what could doom the republic, but he also says it's not too late to return to the ideals that forged the greatest political experiment in human history.
Charles is well-versed in the writings of Alexis de Tocqueville, the French scholar who famously lavished praise upon the new republic in "Democracy in America." But for all his marveling at America, Tocqueville also envisioned a series of problems that could derail the nation.
Charles said several of those fears are lining up to come true.
Published in 1840, the full list of Tocqueville's feared devolution may strike many Americans as chillingly prophetic. He said poor education and a loss of morality would eventually lead material pleasures. He further predicted the Constitution would be intentionally misinterpreted to make it easier to change, and that would lead to bigger and bigger government.
If that were to happen, Tocqueville foresaw political parties fostering divisions in society to maintain and grow power, followed by an increasing coziness between government and financial institutions. He cautioned the result of all this would be mounting debts and greater demands from the people of government money.
Charles strongly believes America can return to its original moorings, but he said it won't be quick or easy.
The USA is dooming itself by overlooking predictions in the Bible that were written over a 1000 years before Alexis de Tocqueville was born. The Bible warns about the dangers of the homosexual agenda which the USA is pushing as well as debt.
The United States is the most indebted nation in the history of the world. Much of the leadership of the USA has endorsed the homosexual agenda and the increase of debt (see also CBS: Debt 'ceiling' may be hit).


text:
See More Shows
SITREP Radio #190: GEAR 2.0 REVAMP ON THE WAY
The Tauren & The Goblin #86: Best Wishes for 2020 - Part III
Dropping Spicy #30: Grand Soiree
Push The Point #43: Around the World
About MASH
Make Destiny Great Again
It is a new year and the Destiny Community finds itself in another content lull. I use the word 'lull' here instead of 'draught,' because the game has more content than ever. Nostalgic players have year one raids. Many year two events are now at year three levels, and the latest expansion, Rise of Iron, provides the largest number of paths towards maximum level than ever before. Despite all the updates and changes to Destiny, the game is seeing a general decline in active community weeks after the release of Rise of Iron. Why is this, and how do we work towards bringing players back and making Destiny "great" again?
First, let us go over several opinions on why players have left the game. One popular opinion is the generous leveling system currently in place makes the game feel unrewarding due to the high frequency of maximum light-level rewards players can receive through a multitude of activities. Simply put, there is too much loot now, and as a result none of it feels special. In Destiny's early days, players had a rather painful grind to gather the game's best gear and hit maximum character light levels. The stingy RNG left even the most dedicated players wanting for the game's storied rare loot, such as the Praetorian Foil (Legendary Fusion Rifle, a possible reward in the 'Vault of Glass' raid), The Vex Mythoclast (Exotic Fusion Rifle, a potential reward by completing the 'Vault of Glass' raid on heroic difficulty), or the Crux of Crota (Exotic material used to upgrade the 'Eidolon Ally' Legendary Auto Rifle into the Exotic Nechrochasm Auto Rifle, a possible reward in the 'Crota's End' raid).
To this day, I still know players who have not gotten these items. In fact, I never got a Crux of Crota, and may never unless I decide to run Crota's End again for a chance at the exotic reward. And the praetorian foil will NEVER leave my vault/inventory (seriously, don't touch it). Legendary armor that could get you to the maximum light level could be just as difficult to get in the early days as well. Players often ran three characters of the same class to hasten their progression towards the game's maximum character level.
Now, the slow grind towards maximum light is but a distant memory for Destiny's long-time players. Replaced with the infusion system which allows year two and three Legendary or Exotic items to be infused. Infusion involves sacrificing a similar type of gear or weapon that has a higher light level to the equipment or weapon you want to power up. This sacrifice brings the infused gear up to the light level of the item used as "infusion fuel". Coupled with the multitude of activities which can award maximum level gear & weapons, the grind became less about hitting maximum level, and more about perfecting armor stats and finding that perfect roll on your favorite weapon. While this sounds like an improvement, the sudden change has left those used to the grind hitting the finish line of content completion far too quickly, thus resulting in players finding other games to play while they wait for what's next in Destiny.
Is this a bad thing though? I argue no, and even rationalize that Bungie is, or should be, happy that this is the case. For the long-time player, taking a break due to a lull in content is a necessary evil, and in my opinion, the best way to make any new material feel fresh. Personally, if I continue to grind away at Destiny 1 I will likely not be nearly as excited to play Destiny 2, compared to if I take a good break and experience other games regularly. Taking a break now can potentially avoid Destiny burnout, and ensure a return for Destiny 2, in the long-run maintaining or increasing the number of active players in Destiny.
For those players new to Destiny, the current loot and leveling system works in their favor. They can hit maximum level quickly, which means they can enter Destiny's end-game activities sooner, and enjoy the full breadth of Destiny 1 content while the game is still alive and kicking. As a bonus, these new players that are checking the game out become a draw for the game's veteran players to act as Sherpas, teaching and guiding fresh guardians — ultimately increasing the number of experienced players in the Tower (pool of active players). Personally, that is the current draw for me, helping players through raids and activities so they can complete their goals in the game. It feels good, and it keeps me active in the game I love without burning out from it.
With all that in mind, how do we make Destiny "great" again? In my opinion, the easy answer is this: we wait for Destiny 2. Destiny 1 may still be alive and kicking, but for many reasons including the ones stated in this article, it will never be "great" again for many players. The Destiny Universe needs something new, different, and fresh, and the current Destiny engine is not the platform to build on any longer. Destiny 1 was originally built for last-gen consoles (PS3/XB360), has a less-than-stellar matchmaking system for PvP activities, lacks a coherent in-game story, and due to plans with Destiny 2, is already relying on recycled content to stay alive and relevant. With some patience on our part as players and the right moves by Bungie, Destiny 2 can be on target to be an even bigger game than Destiny 1.
And now it is time to spend some time at the speculation station, where we will take a ride on the theory train to wishland. Here are some things I'd like to see implemented in Destiny 2:
A more robust social space. Imagine that instead of the Tower, Reef, or Iron Temple, you instead were able to roam through the last city below the traveler in a mixed social space/open world environment. I wouldn't necessarily get rid of the old social space model, but if the story were steered in the right direction, opening up the last city could provide for outstanding narrative and gameplay.
In-game grimoire/lore. I am stealing this idea from a friend because I think it is great (Thanks, Jorge!). Aside from adding more story elements and lore in-game, what if gaining Grimoire score unlocked in-game achievements or rewards, similar to the books we are getting now? It could be tied-in with the books, or a separate "book". Give us another reason to go ghost-hunting!
Ability to fly our jump-ships. I know this is trivial to some, but I just think it would be cool if we had some in-space missions with our jump-ships. Another way to open up the game and diversify the content.
Improved PvP Matchmaking with dedicated servers.
Quirky fun easter eggs and hidden items. I love it when you discover something random in a game you love playing that makes you chuckle. Remember the jukebox discovery in the tower lounge? I want more funny items, even small ones, to add to the player experience and immerse you in the Destiny experience.
I don't want to go too into detail on my ideas here. Otherwise, this article will get even LONGER (ugh…), so I will save that for a special episode of the In Orbit podcast (shameless plug). In the meantime, I hope the Destiny community will take it upon themselves to make & keep the Destiny we currently have great, and if that doesn't sound appealing, take the time to play and enjoy other games! Hopefully, you'll feel refreshed after doing so, and when you jump back in the Tower you have the same excitement and intrigue you had when Destiny 1 launched.
Destiny | Rise of Iron | The Taken King
Article | Editorial
Engineer /
Mashcast #3: Games are getting GaaSy
In Orbit #91: Waiting for a Miracle
In Orbit #90: I Like To Play In A Sandbox
In Orbit #89: Where's the End Game?
201X: Best Games of 2017
2017 was a MASSIVE year for games. So massive that this will probably be the longest episode of the series. Resident Evil returned to true horror, Nier brought us along on a weird ride, Cuphead frustrated us in the most beautiful way. We'll talk about these games and more on this episode of 201X: Best Games of the Decade.
2016 was a great all around year for games, but it was an unusually great year for first person games. Overwatch, DOOM, and Titanfall 2 were great games for fans of shooters, while non-shooting first person games like Mirror's Edge Catalyst and Dishonored 2 also saw releases? Which games made the top 10? We break it down in this episode.
2014 was the first full year of the "new" generation of consoles, and with the lull that usually comes with new hardware launches, 2014 definitely felt a little less exciting that previous years. Doesn't mean some great games didn't launch, however. Join us for our top 10 games of 2014!
The Tauren & The Goblin #86: Best Wishes for 2020 – Part III
Wondrous Tails #35: 2019 Retrospective – Part 2


text:
HomeNewsMediaTennisUSA
YouTube TV loses another sports property after dropping Tennis Channel
Streaming service YouTube TV has lost yet another sports channel to its portfolio after announcing it is dropping the Sinclair Broadcast Group-owned Tennis Channel at extremely short notice
Tennis Channel
YouTubeTV
Round-Up: Under Armour sells MyFitnessPal, Rugby Australia rights deal, Tour Down Under cancelled, and more
ATP sanctions betting and fantasy sports sponsorships in key tournament categories
Tournament promoters in specific event categories on the ATP men's professional tennis tour will be able to sell betting operator sponsorships from next year.
ITF to defer vote on World Cup of Tennis launch
The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has postponed the proposed introduction of its new World Cup of Tennis to allow for further consultation with stakeholders.
Grand Slams to increase tennis development funding
The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has announced that the showpiece Grand Slam tournaments have agreed to increase their contribution to the Grand Slam Development Fund (GSDF) by 25 per cent in an effort to help boost the advancement of the sport worldwide.
Allaster returns to tennis in new USTA role
Stacey Allaster, the former chair and chief executive of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), is set to return to the sport after agreeing to become the United States Tennis Association's (USTA) chief executive for professional tennis.


text:
Millions of babies in the U.S. don't have access to clean diapers. Learn about diaper need and how we can make a big impact together.
BACK TO Power of Hugs
Dollars, Doers and Diapers: How to Get Involved in Diaper Need
Millions of American families struggle with diaper need, the inability to provide clean diapers for their children. Learn about diaper need and how to help.
Every Diaper Counts How You Can Help Solve Diaper Need
One in three U.S. families struggle to provide clean diapers for their baby. Learn more about the severity of diaper need in America and how you can donate.
Overview of Diaper Need in the US
To help families in need, Huggies joined forces with the National Diaper Bank Network (NDBN) as a founding sponsor in 2010.
Shared Commitment: Huggies and the National Diaper Bank Network
Disposable diapers help make parents' lives easier and keep babies dry and comfortable day and night. Unfortunately, one in three U.S. families are unable to provide this daily necessity.
Unfortunately, one-in-three U.S. families are currently in diaper need, or struggle to provide enough diapers to keep their baby healthy, dry and happy.
Diaper Need in the U.S.
One in three American families struggle to get diapers for their infants and toddlers, affecting their health. Learn about baby diaper need and how you can help


Although it's not something all musicians discuss or even understand, Metadata is critically important, it is essential it be correct and complete before being entered and distributed to the masses, and that it be kept organized once it is.
Metadata is not always talked about by musicians but it is VERY important and further, important that musicians understand why it should be entered correctly prior to distribution and why it matters to keep it organized.
In terms of Symphonic, whenever you upload and register an album with us, it is considered the information that you input.
Our system enables you to store your metadata and soon, will also allow you to expand on it to provide additional metadata for each and every track and release for the use of Sync Licensing, Neighboring Rights, and third party technical providers.
Now that you know what metadata is, let's talk about why it is important. Our good friends over at SOUNDSTR put this together and we thought it was a great and simple understanding of 5 reasons.
When you release music into the world, it's out there permanently. Whether it's available legally or illegally, for download or stream, it can make it across the globe in an instant. Many countries (like the US) have laws in place to regulate commercial music use. But without song identification and verification, which uses metadata, this is not always an accurate process.
Ever notice how your release information automatically populates in iTunes after a sale? Or how streams from Spotify and sales through Amazon both show on your Symphonic account? Or how all registered songwriters receive compensation from a PRO when their music is licensed? Metadata is the driving force for all these scenarios. Without metadata, none of this is possible and means you may not be receiving the royalty payments you have earned from commercial use of your music.
Releasing music without accurate metadata is like writing a book report and not signing your name. You could've written the best essay the teacher has ever seen, but since your name isn't on it, you don't get credit. Without accurate metadata, you don't just miss out on royalties, sales, play counts and more. You also miss out on credit for your hard work. You can't track your growth as an artist, which can be essential to an artist's success.
Think about the effort you put into marketing, touring and social growth. This work focuses on increasing your visibility, including streams and sale counts. These numbers are especially important to record labels and sponsors seeking new talent. A lack of metadata surrounding your music could prevent the summing of these numbers. This may even hinder your chances with some professionals, at least in the earlier stages in your career. Imagine missing out on an opportunity just because a similar artist had slightly more sales? It's amazing how much the impact a small set of data can have.
There are several issues with the industry currently surrounding metadata. In order for someone to put this information to proper use, they would need access to several different sets of data. At the forefront of metadata are two similar sounding but unique codes: ISRC and ISWC. ISRC is the international standard recording code surrounding the sound recording of song. The ISWC is the international standard work code that represents the composition itself. Identification of real world use and royalty distribution requires both data sets.
Unfortunately, several organizations control different segments of this data, resulting in limited access. This is part of a larger issue, which relates to the lack of standards around metadata. These standards include the exchange of data through and across the digital supply chain. This is also used to automate communication and management of messages and assist companies in their implementations of metadata. Companies like DDEX are working to build these standards.
Combined with the push for transparency in the music industry, data like IRSCs and ISWCs could become more accessible. Bottom line: it's currently a mess, but things are starting to change for the better.
Two main components surround the use of metadata: identification and verification. What good is data if you cannot identify all information contained and verify its accuracy? Consider this when it comes to performing rights. Music users, like radio stations, TV networks, businesses and venues pay to use music.
PROs collect these fees and distribute them to songwriters and publishers. Without proper metadata, music users cannot identify all music they use. This limits the way PROs verify music use and what songwriters receive performance royalties. In the case of live music performances, this forces the PROs to use proxies like radio to determine what artists are touring. Less than 2,000 radio stations use digital monitoring technology. There are over 10,000 radio stations in the United States. A recent study uncovered only 20% of the music used in those businesses was also broadcast on the radio. This means 80% of the songs heard in businesses were not receiving general performance royalties. Even worse, royalties were distributed to the wrong songwriters!
Registering with music recognitions services (it's FREE!) can help songwriters learn where their music is used in the real world. Recognizing the music businesses and venues use can help songwriters receive compensation for music performances. Additionally, songwriters can use this information to identify where fans are located to book tours, market new releases and route tours down to the specific venues their fans prefer. This is the power of unlocking data, and something that could play a major role in the music industry moving forward.
Imagine a zip folder that contained all metadata around a release. This could include songwriters, publishers, album art, writing splits and more. The ".bc" zip-style file would require a new medium to decode, verify and play music contained within the file. As virtual reality quickly comes to the commercial market, a major opportunity for blockchain could be presented. If VR accepts the .bc file format, metadata could have much more of a presence in the open market. There is still a ways to go, but the vision is there. The concept has been the focus of many discussions (and debates), and we're excited to see where it goes.
Companies like Songspace are also fighting to cleanup the mess that is the current state of metadata. They offer songwriters and publishers a way to organize ownership splits, PRO information and more. We suggest checking them out and learning more about how they can help with your metadata.
Ta'Rikah Jones Symphonic's Marketing Coordinator, love discovering new music, shopping, yoga and reading!


TalentScout is a startup focused on revolutionizing the recruiting world through our first of a kind services and software recruiting platform. Our data centric approach gives our clients the advantage they are looking for to win the right candidates, in this increasingly competitive market. TalentScout has its' headquarter in the US and operations in Manila. To ensure operations are going smoothly, we're looking for an MIS Analyst.


text:
What's With The New York Times Movie Reviewers?!?
Jul 8, 2011Breaking Newzzz
Let's take a peek inside the mind of The New York Times, shall we?
Couple of weeks ago, with an itch to see a summer film, though the offering so far seems lackluster, we were this close to seeing Super 8 when a review in The New York Times by Manohla Dargis lead us to, of all places, Bad Teacher. According to Ms. Dargis, this film was one step away from a Carole Lombard screwball comedy directed by Howard Hawks. Clearly, someone drank the Kool-Aid or some kind of liquid substance before seeing this film, that not being me. Dumbstruck, we sat through the movie wondering what the attraction was for Manohla. Have I become such a fuddy duddy post mid-life crisis? The answer is no. The movie is kinda lame at best and making loveable Cameron Diaz incredibly unlikeable, is not a plot point, rather, there is no point and little plot. Sadly, Ms. Diaz is suffering from whatever Jennifer Aniston has…bad choices disease.
Today's review by A.O. Scott about Horrible Bosses makes me wonder, "What is in the water cooler at The New York Times building, or at least where the movie reviewers sit?" Mr. Scott goes on and on about Horrible Bosses, which from the previews alone makes me realize that poor Ms. Aniston has no hope of establishing a respectable career in her waning years. The premise alone: wanting to kill your boss, is perhaps evidence that our society is at the brink of extinction. Well, surely not distinction. If the word kill is the major motivation for the lead character, then I say pass on developing this movie. At least for the sake of our children. Years ago I was in a development meeting at Paramount and the discussion was to do a movie about a loveable murderer. The group in the meeting were so reluctant to have the lead be intrinsically unlikeable for the sheer fact that he kills people. Though I chimed in and reminded the group about the success of Prizzi's Honor, that film with Jack Nicholson about the two hit men, one being a women, who fall in love only to discover they have to kill each other. And we all know how successful that remake, Mr. & Mrs. Smith starring Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie was, and did at the box office. The overall thought then was, you need to have amazingly likeable stars so that the audience will forgive them, no matter what. And that my freind still holds true. And (B) no one in the cast of Horrible Bosses can hold a candle to Nicholson, Kathleen Turner (especially back then), Pitt or Jolie. Sorry Jennifer. I am sad to have to say that, as I really did love you in Friends.
While we are on the topic of movie reviewers and The Times, I wanted to recommend seeing the documentary Page One: Inside The New York Times, which depicts the newspaper as a lioness fending for her cubs. I walked out of the theater with unending respect for David Carr and Bill Keller, Executive Editor. Then decided to read the review of the film that was featured in The New York Times by a writer named Michael Kinsley. I was aghast at how much he hated this film. His big notice was that there was no cigarette smoking in the editorial meetings. He calls the movie a mess, no less. Why such disdain? It makes me re-think where to go and get my movie reviews.
A.O. Scott,
Bad Teacher,
Bill Keller,
Brad and Angelina,
Brad Pitt,
Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie,
Cameron Diaz,
Carole Lombard,
David Carr,
Horrible Bosses,
Howard Hawks,
Jack Nicholson,
Jennifer Aniston,
jolie,
Kathleen Turner,
kool-aid,
Manohla Dargis,
Michael Kingsley,
Mr. & Mrs. Smith,
Ms. Diaz,
Nicholson,
Page One: Inside The New York Time,
Pitt,
Prizzi's Honor,
Super 8,
The New York Times.
« Keep GoingRead On »
2 Responses to "What's With The New York Times Movie Reviewers?!?"
Jenny Murphy says:
I think Horrible Bosses could be a real summer sleeper. Brainless comedy – as opposed to brainless action – is great in the summer going back to the Pink Panther movies. People love that. My friend Kimmo (the so-called Finnish Pauline Kael) loved this movie.
http://mankabros.com/blogs/btp/2011/07/08/horribl…
Abe Gurko says:
Operative word, brainless?
Leave a Reply to Jenny Murphy
While We're On The Subject, Check Out...
Uganda Be Kidding Me, Chelsea Handler
Great Scripts
New York Fashion Weak
The Manzie: She's Baaaack...With A Vengeance


text:
Q: Tree structures and directories I need to draw the tree structure of the following code.
cd /; mkdir a b c a/a b/a; cd a; mkdir ../e ../a/f ../b/a/g; cd../b/./; mkdir /a/k a/b ../a/./b /c

I know that:  cd /; (goes to root) , mkdir creates directories a b c but I can't understand the rest of the line.
Any thoughts would be really helpful.

A: tree can visualize what you want, though your command will error as terdon pointed out. You'll need it to say cd ../b/./;
If you install tree, run your command, and run tree on your directories under / you'll see the full directory tree you've created.
[root@host /]# tree -a a
a
|-- a
|-- b
|-- f
`-- k

4 directories, 0 files
[root@host /]# tree -a b
b
`-- a
    |-- b
    `-- g

3 directories, 0 files
[root@host /]# tree -a c
c

0 directories, 0 files
[root@host /]# tree -a e
e

0 directories, 0 files

A: This is written in a confusing manner and I'm assuming comes from a basic linux/unix test. I can explain. It will seem clearer if it is on multiple lines. The ; char means end of a command. The mkdir command can do multiple things with one execution.
cd /

You will be in / as your current working directory.
mkdir a b c a/a b/a

Creates directories relative to your cwd: /a, /b, /c, /a/a, /b/a
cd a

Your cwd becomes /a
mkdir ../e ../a/f ../b/a/g

Creates directories relative to current location. The .. means to go up one. Above your cwd of /a is / so you create /e, then /a/f, then /b/a/g dirs.
cd ../b/./

While .. means parent directory, . means this directory. So, from /a you would go up one (..) then into /b, then stay where you are (.).
A trailing / after a directory name means only that it is a directory and is optional.
mkdir /a/k a/b ../a/./b /c

Again this needs to be broken up since it is obviously written to be confusing. Creates /a/k, since the leading / means an absolute path, then /b/a/b since you are already in /b and it is relative (does not start with /). Next is /a/b since you are already in /b and the . does nothing. Then it will try to create /c but this already exists.
I would suggest working through this yourself on a command line and see if it makes sense.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange