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Part Time Faculty
Scott D. Samson
319 Heroy Geology Laboratory
sdsamson@syr.edu
SURIL Lab Site
Experts@Syracuse
Professors Look to Geologic Past to Predict Future Environmental Conditions
Earth scientists use NSF grant to study link between elevated temperatures, precipitation in ancient Antarctica
Syracuse Geologists Rack up Honors, Awards
(April 28, 2015)
Professors Ivany, Baldwin, Samson recognized for leadership, service
Geologists Cite Hair as 'Human Provenance Tool'
Research and Teaching Interests
My primary research interests are related to the evolution of the Earth's continental crust, the tectonic/magmatic evolution of Neoproterozoic orogenic belts, tephrochronology of ancient tephra, and new geochemical approaches to sedimentary provenance. Research projects involve the use of the Nd, Sr, Pb and Hf isotopes, major and trace element chemistry, and U-Pb geochronology, to solve a wide variety of geological problems. A few of the current projects my students are involved in are described below.
• LARGE SCALE CORRELATION OF ORDOVICIAN ASH BEDS – North America and Scandinavia: Numerous Ordovician K-bentonites occur throughout the mid-continent and eastern USA as well as in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The ash beds have essentially identical physical features, making correlation of individual bentonites by traditional methods impossible. However, we have developed new geochemical techniques, including the trace element chemistry and isotopic composition of apatite phenocrysts, that can be used to identify individual beds. Correlations can now be made for certain key beds that we have traced from Kentucky through to Pennsylvania, New York, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Ohio – distances exceeding 1,000 km! Correlating these ash beds is important because the correlations allow us, for the first time, to 'stitch' together strata that are conodont-bearing with those that are graptolite-bearing. The ash beds are thus a bridge between two separate but powerful biostratigraphic indicators. We are continuing this research to ash beds of similar age in Scandinavia, with a major goal being testing the provocative hypothesis that the same, unusually thick, ash bed occurs on both continents.
• NEW APPROACHES TO SEDIMENTARY PROVENANCE – In the last decade there has been a huge increase in the number of studies that rely on the age of detrital zircon to help distinguish the provenance of clastic sedimentary rocks. That information is used in a variety of ways, one of the most important being to unravel the history past major tectonic events in an area. However, our recent work has demonstrated that the detrital zircon record is actually one of low 'tectonic fidelity'. For example, by relying on the ages of detrital zircon from Pennsylvanian – Recent sediments one would miss the occurrence of the Alleghanian Orogeny. It is as if the Himalayan-scale collision between Laurentia and the supercontinent Gondwana newver occurred! We are thus in the process of testing the idea that the age of detrital monazite (a rare-earth phosphate mineral common in metamorphic rocks) may be a more accurate recorder of past tectonic events. Furthermore, in addition to deteriming U-Th-Pb ages of detrital monazite we are testing the ability to 'fingerprint' the origin of individual crystals using both their chemical and Nd isotopic composition. This full interrogation of accessory minerals may provide great advances in our understanding of the origins of sedimentary units, and thus provide a much more accurate view of past tectonic events.
• THE ORIGINS OF OROGENS – There are a number of intriguing similarities between late Neoproterozoic rocks in the southern Appalachians, Canadian Appalachians, coastal France, and the Anti-Atlas mountains of Morocco. These circum-Atlantic regions all contain large, lithologically similar Neoproterozoic terranes. Because of a lack of geochemical and isotopic data for these terranes, as well as a poor geochronological record, the relationship of each of these orogens is not yet understood. My graduate students have been working in each of these regions to better understand the tectonic evolution of the region, its magmatic history, the nature of the orogen basement, and their timing of accretion. In addition to field work, students are involved in high precision U-Pb geochronology, and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic research.
• MAGMATIC COMPLEXITY AND ISOTOPIC ZONATION IN APATITE – The notion that all minerals crystallizing from a magmatic body have the same initial isotopic composition is one often repeated in undergraduate courses. However, the reality is that magma generation, evolution and emplacement is a very complex process and the idea of complete mineral isotopic homogeneity is only a generalization. Recent studies of Cenozoic volcanic rocks have shown that initial Sr isotopic variation is not uncommon in plagioclase and sanidine phenocrysts, with both increases and decreases in 87Sr/86Sr from core to rim being observed. Comparable variations in initial isotopic ratios in plutonic feldspar are much rarer, but have been reported. In addition, there have been interesting reports of both oxygen and hafnium isotopic variation within single zircon crystals in granitoids, suggesting that isotopic zonation is more common than thought, even in slowly cooled magmatic systems.
Ce zonation in apatite Given the importance of these previous results we are investigating the isotopic composition of apatite in a series of ~ 300 Ma granitoids from southeastern USA. Our approach has been to compare whole apatite crystals with cores, rims, and whole-rock values. To analyze the cores of crystals we have followed two methods – physical abrasion to remove ~ 50% of the outer portion of the crystals, and acid leaching of the apatite to provide us with rim material and residual, core material. Because leaching may not simply attack rims, but could dissolve inner portions of the apatite following microcracks or fission-tracks, we first annealed the apatite at 300ºC. This is hot enough to anneal the crystals but substantially below temperature-driven Sr or Nd diffusion. Our preliminary results are comparable to those found in the volcanic studies – in some cases 87Sr/86Sr increases from core to rim, in other granites the opposite is observed. Variations in 143Nd/144Nd also occur between core and rim.
It thus appears that some Alleghanian granitic magmas were isotopically juvenile and after a period of crystallization interacted with isotopically evolved material, whereas in other bodies evolved magmas were apparently injected by more juvenile, perhaps mafic, magmas. Thus it appears that apatite could be an incredible recorder of the complex events that occur in magmatic systems. To test further the 'magmatic memory' of apatite we will examine suites of granitoids that formed in very different environments than those in the Appalachians, such as mantle-dominated environments and in regions where granites had significant interaction with ancient basement material.
Dynamic Earth (EAR 101)
Geochemistry (EAR 417/617)
Geochemical record of major events in Earth's history (EAR 400/600)
Isotope Geology (EAR 478/678)
Cristina Lugo-Centeno (Masters Student)
Beginning Fall 2016:
Kyle Makovsky (Ph.D. Student)
Emily Weaver (Masters Student)
Syracuse University Radiogenic Isotope Laboratory
The main components of the Scott Samson's radiogenic isotope laboratory include a VG Sector 54 thermal ionization mass spectrometer TIMS equipped with seven Faraday detectors and an ion-counting Daly photomultiplier detector system, a custom-modified degas bench, a large class 100 clean laboratory, full mineral separation facilities, and most recently, a high pressure microwave digestion system, the Milestone Ethos plus. Avariety of different studies are pursued in the radiogenic isotope laboratory, but the current emphasis is on studies combining high precision U-Pb dating of accessory minerals (zircon, monazite, titanite, and xenotime) with Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and common Pb isotopic measurements. Lu-Hf isotopic studies are also being pursued now that chemical techniques to isolate Hf have been developed as standard part of our traditional U and Pb separation procedures of dissolved zircon. Each of the major components of the laboratory are described below.
The originally purchased VG degas bench, employing a Balzers turbo pump and Edwards roughing pumps, new Degas Bench has undergone a series of dramatic modifications. The system now incorporates a custom fabricated all stainless housing (replacing the older bell jar system) equipped with a liquid nitrogen cold finger and with a combined ceramic and stainless steel filament black design that can be completely dismantled and cleaned with nitric acid. As a result ultra-low Pb loading blanks can be consistently obtained (~ 0.1 picograms). This bench will continue to be used with the new TIMS.
The clean lab, originally constructed in 1990, has also undergone a series of significant upgrades. The primary upgrades include he installation of series of large class 10 laminar flow benches where all chemical separations occur. In addition, specially designed 'clean boxes' were constructed allowing samples to be dried down under continuous flow of HEPA-filtered air with Teflon beakers exposed to only Plexiglas and Teflon material (i.e. all metal components are shielded). Clean LabThis simple, but elegant, design has been copied by a number of research s who have visited the SU radiogenic isotope laboratory.
The most recent upgrades include a new large, custom-made HEPA-filtered exhaust hood allowing for both class 10 chemistry and the exhausting of acid fumes, a new Millipore water purification system (replacing the previous aging Millipore system), and an overhaul of the electrical system feeding the clean laboratory. It is partly thanks to this excellently designed clean laboratory that we are able to obtained full Pb procedural blanks of < 1 picogram.
Scott Samson has been working with microwave digestion companies for the past decade to help develop a microwave system capable of reaching and maintaining very high (~ 280 °C) temperatures for several hours. Ethos Microwave OvenRecently, the Milestone company developed a proto-type instrument designed to hold vessels at 270 – 280 °C for a minimum of two hours with the goal of being able to completely dissolve zircon. Scott Samson worked with Milestone engineers and finally they were able to produce an instrument capable of digesting typical zircon within two hours. The normal current dissolution times for zircon at the SU laboratory (using a conventional oven and Parr metal jacket system) is between 48-60 hours. As a result of the successful demonstration a system was purchased. This is the only such ultra high-pressure microwave system in the USA. Its substantial advantage is a dramatic increase in sample throughput for digestion, the lowering of blanks due to the reduced time of solutions in contact with vessels, and the ability to rapidly clean beakers at very high temperatures.
Samson, S.D., and Moecher, D., in review, High resolution zircon-based provenance studies: Integrating sampling, imaging, and in situ microanalytical methodologies: Earth and Planetary Science Letters.
* Hietpas, J., Samson, S.D., Moecher, D., and Schmitt, A., in review, Detrital monazite: A higher fidelity provenance proxy than detrital zircon?: Nature Geoscience.
*Carey, A., Samson, S.D., and Sell, B., in press, Utility and limitations of apatite phenocryst chemistry for continent-scale correlation of Ordovician K-bentonites: Journal of Geology.
* D'Lemos, Samson, S.D. and Strachan, R. (2008), The geological evolution of North Armorica: in, The Geology of Central Europe (U. Linneman, ed.), The Geological Society of London.
* Azzolina,N.A., Siegel, D.I. ,Brower, J.C., Samson, S.D., Otz, M.H. and Otz. I. (2007), Can the HGM Classification of Small Non-Peat Forming Wetlands Distinguish Wetlands From Surface Water Geochemistry: Wetlands, 27, 884-893.
* Moecher, D.P. and Samson, S.D. (2006) Differential zircon fertility of source terranes and natural bias in the detrital zircon record: Implications for sedimentary provenance analysis: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 247, 252-266.
* Ivany, L., Simaeys, S.V., Domack, E.W., and Samson, S.D. (2006), Evidence for an earliest Oligocene ice sheet on the Antarctic Peninsula: Geology, 34, 377-380.
* D'Lemos, R.S., Samson, S.D., and Inglis, J.D. (2006), A newly discovered orogenic event in Morocco: Neoproterozoic ages for supposed 'Eburnian' basement of the Bou Azzer inlier, Anti-Atlas Mountains: Precambrian Research, 147, 75-78.
* Samson, S.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Miller, B.V. & Hamilton, M.A. (2005) Neoproterozoic palaeogeography of the Cadomia and Avalon terranes: constraints from detrital zircon U–Pb ages, J. Geol. Soc., Lond. 162 , 65-71.
* Inglis, J.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Samson, S.D. & Admou, H. (2005) Geochronological Constraints on Late Precambrian intrusion, metamorphism, and tectonism in the Anti-Atlas Mountains, J. Geol. 113, 439 - 450.
* Becker, T.P., Thomas, W.A., Samson, S.D. and Gehrels, G.E. (2005), Detrital zircon evidence of Laurentian crustal dominance in the Lower Pennsylvania deposits of the Alleghanian clastic wedge in eastern North America: J. of Sedimentology, 182, 59-86.
* Owens, B.E. and Samson, S.D. (2004) Nd isotopic constraints on the magmatic history of the Goochland terrane, easternmost Grenville crust in the southern Appalachians, GSA Special Paper 197 , 601-608.
* Samson, S.D., Inglis, J.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Admou, H., Blichert-Toft, J. & Hefferan, K. (2004) Geochronological, geochemical, and Nd–Hf isotopic constraints on the origin of Neoproterozoic plagiogranites in the Tasriwine ophiolite, Anti-Atlas orogen, Morocco, Precambrian Research 135 , 133–147.
* Inglis, J.D., Maclean, J.S., Samson, S.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Admou, H. & Hefferan, K. (2004) A precise U-Pb zircon age for the Bleïda granodiorite, Anti-Atlas, Morocco: implications for the timing of deformation and terrane assembly in the eastern Anti-Atlas, J. Afr. Earth Sci. 39 , 277-283.
* Thomas, W.A., Becker, T.P., Samson, S.D. & Hamilton, M.A. (2004) Detrital zircon evidence of a recycled orogenic foreland provenance for Alleghanian clastic-wedge sandstones, J. Geol. 112 , 23-37.
* Inglis, J.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Samson, S.D. & Miller, B.V. (2004) Timing of Cadomian deformation and magmatism within La Hague, NW France, J. Geol. Soc., Lond. 161, 1-12.
* Patchett, P.J. & Samson, S.D. (2003) Isotopic evolution and crustal growth history, In: Rudnick (ed.) Treatise of Geochemistry 3 , The Crust, Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford, 321-348.
* Moecher, D.P., Samson, S.D. & Miller, C.F. (2004) Precise time and conditions of peak Taconian granulite facies metamorphism in the southern Appalachian orogen, U.S.A., with Implications for zircon behavior during crustal melting events, J. Geol. 112 , 289-304.
* Inglis, J.D., Samson, S.D., D'Lemos, R.S. & Hamilton, M. (2004) Evidence for Neoproterozoic crustal thickening within the Paleoproterozoic basement of Cadomia, La Hague, NW France, Precambrian Research , 134 (3-4) 293-315.
* Samson, S.D., D'Lemos, R.S., Blichert-Toft, J. & Vervoort, J. (2003) U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotope compositions of the oldest Neoproterozoic crust within the Cadomian Orogen: new evidence for a unique juvenile terrane, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 208 , 165-180.
* Hefferan, K., Admou, H., Hilal, R., Karson, J., Saquaque, A., Samson , S., & Kornprobst, J. (2002) Proterozoic blueschist-bearing mélange in the Anti-Atlas Mountains, Morocco, Precambrian Research 118 , 179-184.
* Miller, B.V., Samson, S.D. & D'Lemos, R.S. (2001) U-Pb geochronological constraints on the timing of plutonism, volcanism, and sedimentation, Jersey, Channel Islands, UK, J. Geol. Soc., Lond. 158 , 243-252.
* Barr, S.M., Hamilton, M.A., White, C.E. & Samson, S.D. (2001) A late Neoproterozoic age for the Caledonia Mountain Pluton, a high Ti-V layered gabbro in the Caledonia (Avalon) terrane, southern New Brunswick, Atlantic Geology 36 , 157-166.
* D'Lemos, R.S., Miller, B.V.M. & Samson, S.D. (2001) Precise U-Pb zircon ages from Alderney, Channel Islands: growing evidence for discrete Neoproterozoic magmatic episodes in northern Cadomia, Geol. Mag. 138 , 719-726. * Nagy, E.A., Samson, S.D. & D'Lemos, R.S. (2001) U-Pb geochronologic constraints on the timing of Brioverian sedimentation and regional deformation within the St. Brieuc region of the Neoproterozoic Cadomian orogen, northern France, Precambrian Research 116 (1-2), 1-17.
* Wortman, G.L., Samson, S.D. & Hibbard, J.P. (2000) Precise U-Pb zircon constraints on the earliest magmatic history of the Carolina terrane, J. Geol. 108 , 321-338.
* Samson, S.D., Barr, S.M & White, C.E. (2000) Nd isotopic characteristics of terranes within the Avalon Zone, southern New Brunswick, Canad. J. Earth Sci. 37 , 1039-1052.
* Coler, D.G., Wortman, G.L., Samson, S.D., Hibbard, J.P. & Stern, R. (2000) U-Pb geochronologic, Nd isotopic and geochemical evidence for the correlation of the Chopawamsic and Milton terranes, Piedmont Zone, southern Appalachian Orogen, J. Geol. 108 , 363-380.
* Samson, S.D. & D'Lemos, R.S. (1999) Precise late Neoproterozoic U-Pb zircon age of the syn-tectonic Perelle quartz diorite, Guernsey, Channel Islands, UK, J. Geol. Soc., Lond. 156 , 47-54.
* Miller, B.V., Samson, S.D. & D'Lemos, R.S. (1999) Time span of plutonism, fabric development, and cooling in a Neoproterozoic magmatic arc segment: U-Pb age constraints from syn-tectonic plutons, Sark, Channel Islands, U.K., Tectonophysics 312 , 79-95.
* Wortman, G.L., Samson, S.D. & Hibbard, J.P. (1998) Precise timing constraints on the kinematic development of the Hyco Shear Zone, southern Appalachians, Am. J. Sci. 298 , 108-130.
* Hibbard, J.P., Shell, G.S., Bradley, P.J., Samson, S.D. & Wortman, G.L. (1998) The Hyco Shear Zone: the northern extension of the central piedmont suture in North Carolina and southern Virginia: American, J. Sci. 298 , 85-107.
* Changde, W., Nelson, K.D., Wortman, G.L., Samson, S.D., Yonjun, Y., Jixiang, Li, Kidd, W.S.F. & Edwards, M. (1998) Yadong cross-structure and south Tibet detachment in the East-Central Himalaya (89°-90°E), Tectonics 17 , 28-45.
* Samson, S.D. & D'Lemos, R.S. (1998) U-Pb geochronology and Sm-Nd isotopic composition of Proterozoic gneisses, Channel Islands, U.K, J. Geol. Soc., Lond. 155 , 609-618.
* Karabinos, P., Samson, S.D., Hepburn, J.C. & Stoll, H. (1998) Taconian orogeny in the New England Appalachians: Collision between Laurentia and the Shelburne Falls arc, Geology 26 , 215-218.
* Coler, D.G., Samson, S.D. & Speer, J.A. (1997) Nd and Sr isotopic constraints on the source of Alleghanian granites in the Raleigh Metamorphic belt and Eastern slate belt, southern Appalachians, Chem. Geol. 134 , 257-275.
* Wortman, G., Samson, S.D. & Hibbard, J.P. (1996) Discrimination of the Milton and Carolina slate belts, southern Appalachians: A Nd isotopic approach, J. Geol. 104 , 239-247.
* Andersen, B. & Samson, S.D. (1996) Temporal changes in the Nd isotopic composition of sedimentary rocks in the Sevier and Taconic foreland basins: Increasing influence of juvenile sources, Geology 23 , 983-986.
* Samson, S.D. (1996) 40Ar-39Ar and Nd-Sr isotopic characteristics of mid-Ordovician North American K- bentonites: A test of early Paleozoic Laurentia-Gondwana interactions, Tectonics 15 , 1084-1092.
* Samson, S.D., Coler, D.G. & Speer, J.A. (1995) Geochemical and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic composition of Alleghanian granites in the southern Appalachians: Origin, tectonic setting, and source characterization, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 134 , 359-376.
* Hibbard, J.P. and Samson, S.D. (1995), Orogenesis exotic to the Iapetan cycle in the southern Appalachians, in Hibbard, J., van Staal, C.R., and Cawood, P., eds., New Perspectives in the Appalachian-Caledonian Orogen, Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 41, 191-205.
* Samson, S.D. (1995), Is the Carolina terrane part of Avalon? in Hibbard, J.P., van Staal, C.R., and Cawood, P., eds., New Perspectives in the Appalachian-Caledonian Orogen , Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 41, 253-264.
* Samson, S.D., Hibbard, J.P. and Wortman, G.L. (1995), Nd isotopic evidence for juvenile crust in the Carolina terrane, southern Appalachians: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 121, 171-184.
* Samson, S.D., Matthews, S.V.L., Mitchell, C.E., Goldman, D. (1995), Tephrochronology of highly altered ash beds: The use of trace element and strontium isotope geochemistry of apatite phenocrysts to correlate K-bentonites: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 2527-2536.


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Cannabis-tilapia production catches on
Aquaponics Production systems
22 February 2019, at 9:49am
The founder of one of Canada's most ambitious aquaponics projects has decided to grow cannabis, rather than salad plants, in conjunction with tilapia.
"Originally I was going to be focused on the leafy green side of things," Tanner Stewart, founder and CEO of Stewart Farms in New Brunswick, told CBC radio this week. "In early 2018, as I watched the medical cannabis market unfold across Canada, I really saw a gap for using the same principles that I was operating on in the food side of things – of sustainable, herbicide- pesticide-free, organically-driven cannabis products."
Stewart Farms are converting a 100,000 square foot warehouse in New Brunswick into a farm capable of producing 200 tonnes of organic live tilapia and 12 tonnes of medical grade marijuana a year
His basic outline – to establish a vertical aquaponics farm capable of producing 200,000 kg of tilapia a year – remains the same, but this will be coupled with the production of "12,000 kg of organic medical grade cannabis" a year by 2021.
The farm is going to be located in the town of St Stephen and Tanner told the radio programme that he intends to complete phase 1 of the project – which involves getting a licence to grow the cannabis – by June. This will require the renovation of 7,000 square feet of the 100,000 square foot warehouse that they will use to house the farm.
"We hope to have our licence to cultivate by mid to late this year and our licence to sell by early 2020," he explained.
Tanner Stewart, founder and CEO of Stewart Farms, has a background in the construction sector
According to Stewart, the nutrient rich water from the tilapia tanks will provide "most of – not all of – the nutrients that the cannabis plants need to grow", although he adds that "other organically-sourced nutrients" will have to be added "at some stages of the plants' lives".
And he is a big believer in the medicinal impact that cannabis can have on its users.
"We really believe that cannabis can make people's lives better… and can be a first line of defence against various ailments – we're going to focus on Alzheimer's, depression, dementia, and addiction," he said.
Green Relief has led the way in Canada's burgeoning tilapia-cannabis production sector
© Green Relief
As for the tilapia, Stewart says that they're mainly focusing on exporting them live – in particular to markets in Boston and New York.
"An organic live tilapia is not something that exists right now, as far as we know, so we're going to be putting something very unique on the market south of the border," he said.
Stewart's farm will not be the only venture to combine the production of tilapia and cannabis in the country. Green Relief, which was profiled on The Fish Site in December, aims to produce 60 tonnes of tilapia and 40 tonnes of cannabis a year.
AquaBounty has announced plans to produce 50,000 tonnes of transgenic salmon annually by 2027 as it bids to raise $9.2 million from investors.
Ground broken on billion dollar tiger prawn project
Construction of Project Sea Dragon's $1.45 billion tiger prawn farming venture has started in earnest in Australia's Northern Territory.
Tilapia that have not been treated with hormones appear to be more robust against diseases such as tilapia lake virus, strengthening the argument to use males produced via more natural means.
Improving profitability and production efficiency in seabass and sea bream
The need to halt the decline of yield per fry was the central theme of a presentation on Mediterranean finfish hatcheries which was given by Isabel Represas at INVE's customer seminar in Crete.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Java arrays in classes and methods I'm new to Java and got totally stuck in arrays in classes. Have been trying to find out the answer to set and get method when working with arrays, unfortunately couldn't get my head around where the problem actually was.
Would highly appreciate is someone please could help to get it figured out.
Here is my code:
public class Animal {
    private String name;
        public Animal(String name) {
            this.name = name;
         } //end of constructor

        public String getName(int i) {
            return this.name[i];
         } //end of getName

        public void setName(String name[]) {
            this.name = new String[] {"Tom", "Jerry"};
        } //end of setName

} //end of class Animal

I'm working in NetBeans and it highlights two error messages:
 - under get method: "an array required, but String found"
 - under set method: "incompatible types: String[] cannot be converted to String"
Can someone please explain what the error is? Seems it's quite simple but slipping sneaking away from my mind.
Many thanks

A: You have declared the variable to be a string:
private String name;

and you initialize it with a string:
public Animal(String name) {
    this.name = name;
} //end of constructor

later you attempt to put a string array into it:
this.name = new String[] {"Tom", "Jerry"};

and you try to access it as a string array:
return this.name[i];

String arrays are not the same thing as a string.  Declare the variable correctly and the program will run better.
private String[] name;

and you need to initialize it with an array.
public Animal(String initialName) {
    this.name = new String[1];
    this.name[0] = initialName;
} //end of constructor

Also, don't use the same identifier for a parameter that you use for a data member.  Too confusing.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The state that turns everyone into an outdoors person
Sri Lankan international student Upadhya thinks Tasmania has something for everyone.
When Upadhya Anjalie Balachandra saw photos of Tasmania, she immediately wanted to move here for uni.
"I found it beautiful! I have loved exploring Tasmania while studying here, it has so much to offer.
Before coming to Tassie I was never much of an outdoor person but since being here I have loved taking every chance I get to go explore as many of the stunning places in Tassie as possible.
"I have even taken up surfing! I love that Tassie has something to offer for everyone regardless of how niche their interests may be."
Upadhya received a scholarship to study here, and she was also keen to get a more personalised uni experience.
It might seem appealing to study business at a large mainland uni but the degree at UTAS offers a more tailored and valuable experience.
"The smaller class sizes mean you are able to approach your lecturers and tutors at any time for help and they are extremely accommodating and supportive," she said.
"Being a part of a smaller cohort, you get many opportunities for scholarships, internships and other experiences."
Upadhya is studying advanced financial accounting, accounting theory, environmental resource economics and completing a corporate internship. It's a significant amount of work, but so far she's finding everything compelling.
"Being able to study what you're most passionate about makes learning so much more fun," she said.
My corporate internship at Metro Tasmania has been an amazing opportunity and I have learned a tremendous amount.
"I want a career in the field of accounting and the internship made me certain that it is the career path I want to follow."
Upadhya makes sure she divides her time between studying and having fun.
"While I am dedicated to my studies and want to do my best, I also take the time to hang out with my friends and socialise because you build lifelong friendships during your years at uni and I don't want to miss out on having fun and making memories.
"While I was living at Jane Franklin Hall (accommodation) during my first two years at uni, I had the chance to have a go at a variety of sports I had never played before," she said.
"I played rugby and AFL for two years and had the best time training and playing. Since leaving JFH, I have been enjoying taking part in other uni clubs such as rock climbing."
Her advice for other students from Sri Lanka starting at the University of Tasmania is simple: "embrace the chances you get".
Don't be scared to introduce yourself to someone new, everyone in Tassie is really nice and welcoming and meeting new people makes the uni experience so much more valuable and much less daunting.
"And make use of the amazing resources available to you, the lecturers and tutors at UTAS are invested in making sure you succeed."
Upadhya's top three things about studying Business at the University of Tasmania
1. Friendly and supportive lecturers who give you individual attention.
2. The corporate internship program.
3. Wide array of electives to choose from.
To find out more about studying Business and Economics at the University of Tasmania here.
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Session complete, time for that much-needed warm-down via the Red Lion. With red wine to hand – it's all about the antioxidants these days – you and your tri crew, in unison, download your last 120 minutes of riding to your smartphone for a series of graphs and numbers that tell you just how strong or not you are. Stress score, average power, average speed – this is the sort of tech that's easily understood by most and, more importantly, can result in the necessary training tweaks for improved performance.
Because ultimately that's what technology and its integration – or infiltration, depending on your viewpoint – into your triathlon training and racing is all about. The problem is, our sport's awash with so-called innovations that, once the shine's worn off, don't add anything to your swim, bike and run sessions. Your latest £500 outlay's soon collecting dust with that sit-up machine you bought from the Sunday supplement.
Analysing every 'innovation' to hit the market would require an issue that matched War and Peace for length. That's why we've pinpointed the ones we feel have credence behind them – whether scientific or anecdotal – and really hone in on those to help you not only better understand these products, but also make you think a little more deeply about other potentially ground-breaking training tools. Knowledge is power – and power can save you a small fortune!
An endurance athlete's association with blood is nothing new, yet it's tended to have nefarious associations. The Brownlee test, similar to those from established outfits like Forth Edge, is purely legal, of course, and focuses on biomarkers related to optimum endurance performance like creatine, C-reactive protein and haemoglobin. The test measures the level of each. Take the latter, whose primary role is to transport oxygen around the body. Low levels can signify anaemia, requiring an iron supplement; too high could be dehydration, requiring fluid.
The Brownlee test is comprehensive yet, unlike Forth Edge's Endurance Plus, it doesn't measure testosterone levels. Arguably that's a significant omission, especially for athletes training in three disciplines. Over to Dr Will Manger, an expert on the subject. "Low testosterone levels result in a drop in power output and are a sign of overtraining," he says. "So we'd advise active recovery (e.g. a gentle bike) and relaxation techniques, like deep breathing. And as testosterone's made up of cholesterol, we'd recommend good-quality fats from olive oil and fish." Still, with 34 blood markers analysed, the Brownlees' blood test ticks more athletic boxes than Forth Edge's dozen or so.
Choice then comes down to convenience and cost. The Brownlees' test requires a home visit by a nurse with results accessible within 24hrs via a secure online journal; Forth Edge deliver a finger-prick sample kit that, once you've taken your blood, you send back for analysis. You then get the results via an app within days.
As for cost, the Brownlees' (werlabs.co.uk) comes in at £139 whereas the Endurance Plus (forthedge.co.uk) is £99. While relatively affordable, they're both meaningless if you don't repeat the tests, with Forth Edge recommending every three, four or six months.
Also be aware that blood testing provides only a 'snapshot' and that certain factors, such as recent meals, hard training and minor illness, may skew results.
Another innovative training tool, although one that's flirted with the masses for a while, is heart-rate variability (HRV). HRV is essentially the time interval between heart beats and is a gauge of your nervous system. It can be measured via a chest strap from Omegawave or credible apps, like HRV4 training, that detect changes in blood volume by placing your finger on your smartphone.
To maximise HRV training, you need to measure HRV as soon as you awake (and certainly before coffee), and you must take daily readings. The more readings, the more data, the better the results. Also, HRV training works best when used with other 'ready-to-train' tools, like the popular Training Peaks and their stress score.
Ithlete, Omegawave and HRV Training offer numerous packages with the ithlete app starting from £6.99.
Many triathletes delve even deeper by undertaking a DNA test. Muhdo is one of a growing band of companies, including arguably the most well-known DNAFit, offering DNA profiling to maximise your performance via 'bespoke' training and nutrition advice. Its potential for 'customised' advice holds great appeal with researchers believing the global market for such kits could be worth more than £8billion by 2022.
The idea's simple. The DNA testing company send you a kit where you take a swab of your mouth, pop it into a test tube and send it back to, say, Muhdo who'll 'perform a detailed analysis of your DNA to provide you with personalised fitness recommendations'.
These SNPs are the heart of Muhdo and their competitors' offerings. For every gene there are three possible combinations of SNPs. E.g. with the ACE gene (see below) you can either have II, DD or ID, with each expressing a certain physical and mental characteristic. In the case of the ACE gene, II is linked with endurance capabilities while DD is associated with power.
The likes of Muhdo and DNAFit have isolated genes that, they say, have enough research behind them to influence different parameters of performance, of which they'll then offer training or nutrition advice. For instance, the gene ACTN3 is associated with power; PPARA regulates fat; and VEGF, blood vessel growth and so endurance. And then there's that ACE gene, which is involved in blood pressure control and, subsequently, power and endurance.
ACE first came to prominence in 1998 when Professor Hugh Montgomery studied army recruits undergoing basic training. Montgomery showed that subjects with the II combination enjoyed the greatest endurance increases; those with DD the least. So, by virtue, II was linked to endurance performance.
Pitsiladis feels the field is too immature for commercialisation and more research is required. Then again, there's recent research like this that adds support to DNA companies: the University of Trieste found that those following dietary advice based on genetic analysis lost 33% more weight than a controlled group.
And, as it stands, nutrition advice based on DNA is arguably more valid than training advice. That's certainly the experience of age-grouper Waters. "The results from the DNAFit test kit showed low VO2 max potential, high injury risk and slow recovery. None of this matched my experience. I train twice a day, log 15hrs per week and have rarely missed training because of failure to recover. So I ignored the advice.
As for cost, DNAFit's Diet & Fitness (dnafit.com) is £249; Muhdo's (mudho.com) £249.99.
author Matt Fitzgerald, but first, elite triathlon coach Tom Bennett.
is essentially a high-fat, low-carb diet with the aim of utilising more fat and sparing precious glycogen reserves. Studies show this approach is limiting at higher intensities of exercise. Instead, ketones are a supplement, significantly reducing the time to achieve dietary ketosis – favourable when exercising. Currently, there are two downsides, with cost reported at £2,000 a litre and a very bitter taste.
"In-dwelling sensors beyond heart rate and GPS are also not far away," Bennett continues, meaning tools that non-invasively measure important determinants of endurance performance like muscle glycogen and lactate levels.
As for Fitzgerald, well, his recommendations and concurrent concerns provide the perfect conclusion to our look at integrating tech into your triathlon training. "I recommend specific products and tools to athletes in certain situations, but these are just as likely to be low-tech (e.g. the Sacro-Wedgy for [buttock pain-causing] piriformis syndrome) as high-tech (e.g. the Alter-G anti-gravity treadmill for training through impact-related injuries).
An impressive piece of software built by people who believe that the data should be freed from manufacturers like Garmin and Polar. As such, you have to download it to your PC or Mac. You're then given a complete set of power metrics including 'W Prime', which essentially quantifies how many matches you've burned and was developed by Exeter University's Dr Phil Skiba. It's also free.
An extremely smart piece of software that provides a multitude of data including, uniquely, a breakdown of how much energy you get from carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Also records useful measures of performance like anaerobic capacity and economy of movement. Used by Jan Frodeno's coach Dan Lorang, though currently only of use and availability to coaches and sports scientists.
For the past couple of years, San Francisco start-up Athos has designed and created fitness clothing that features sensors to reveal extensive muscle and heart-rate data. The data's then wirelessly transferred to an app on your smartphone.
Ironman ability: is it in your genes?


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New Russian Spacesuit may Prevent their Beloved "Pee on the Bus" Ritual
Sep 9, 2019 Ian Harvey
A new spacesuit design may put an end to a longstanding and bizarre Russian cosmonaut ritual. In fact it is perhaps the most bizarre tradition in the history of space travel. They have a series of traditions that they have maintained for decades, which are all considered good luck when beginning a new space voyage and, now, one of those traditions is being put at risk. The Moscow Times reported a few days ago about the fact that one of those traditions may be forced to come to an end.
In 1961 cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, the first man in space, began around a dozen traditions which Russian cosmonauts since have faithfully upheld. The most infamous one he started which is currently in danger is the one where cosmonauts relieve themselves (read: pee) on the right-rear wheel of the bus that takes them to the launch site.
Reportedly he performed this action before becoming the first human to travel in space and it has become Russian space dogma ever since. Even though female cosmonauts aren't required to participate, it's so deeply part of Russian space lore that some of them will go so far as to bring small vials filled with their urine so they can take part in the practice.
Legendary Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
The problem is that this week, when a new spacesuit design was revealed at the Moscow International Air Show, the suit lacked something necessary – a fly. The head of the Zevezda research and development company, Sergei Pozdnakov, remarked that he wasn't certain how the cosmonauts would be able to relieve themselves without the access a fly provides. He further remarked that when they were given the design specifications to guide the creation of the new spacesuits, those specs failed to mention that the person wearing them had to be able to pee on a bus wheel.
https://youtu.be/ySoOqdcuUJw
According to the Guardian, the proto-type Sokol-M suits are meant to replace the old Sokol-K suits that were worn during the launches for the International Space Station in Soyuz spacecraft. Spokespeople from Zevezda, the company which designed the suits, has pointed out that the suits are made from new materials and have the added advantage of being able to be adaptable for bodies of different sizes.
Russian Orlan space suit (used for EVAs). Photo by de:Benutzer:HPH CC by SA-3.0
The Sokol-Ms are bright orange and feature a zipper that is placed diagonally, rather than the V-shaped opening of the traditional, white Solo-Ks, which points down to the area where the problem lies. Furthermore, the zipper and seams of the new suit are completely airtight, doing away with the need for 'the bladder', a rubberized layer in the old suits, which makes the new model much easier to get on and off.
The Soviet/Russian Orlan EVA spacesuit. Photo by Cplakidas CC by SA-3.0
They would also be much lighter and more comfortable for the people wearing them. The old suits, by comparison, were designed to be comfortable when laying in the chairs of the old Soyuz ships, but were otherwise so heavy and cumbersome that it is hard to walk upright while wearing one.
The new suits are, clearly, vastly superior to the old Sokol-K model, except with regard to upholding pre-launch tradition.
Related Article: The "lost" cosmonauts – are they still out there?
There are plenty of other traditions the cosmonauts also engage in, such as leaving flowers where Yuri Gagarin's remains are interred in a wall at the Kremlin, planting a tree in an area known as Cosmonaut's Alley, flattening coins on a railroad track, having a movie night, and signing the doors of their Cosmonaut Hotel rooms. They even have the rocket and themselves blessed by an Orthodox priest prior to every launch. In total, there about 14 different rituals/traditions involved in starting a new mission.
Since being a Russian cosmonaut provides so many, perhaps a new spacesuit and losing the ritual ability to urinate on a bus tire may not be so bad.
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Share the post "Life in the Shadows"
There is a middle aged woman who lives in an upstairs apartment not far from my office. When she is out walking while I'm parking my car, she strikes up a conversation about something she believes is important for me to know. Usually she begins the conversation with, "Did you know…" It normally has something to do with a building or home in or near the downtown that holds significance. She appears to be quite taken on the history of Mason City and North Iowa. If only someone had the time to help with her growth and development. I can sense that she has had a number of bumps in the road in her life and she really doesn't like where those bumps have landed her. I'm filled with empathy for her as well as another middle-aged gentleman whom I've seen many times walking the streets. I think he lives somewhere near the downtown as well. Several days ago I was in a nearby grocery store to purchase some supplies for the office and I noticed on the entrance to the store a sign saying they cannot accept or process food stamp cards. Well, shortly after I walked in I noticed him at the cash register trying to buy groceries and the clerk was telling him that his food card couldn't be validated. Oh, the look of disbelief on his face I will never forget. I could almost "feel" his despair. After seeing these situations and more, I believe we all should work towards not becoming dependent on the State or Federal Government to sustain our lives. We should never consider ourselves incapable of maintaining our own lives no matter how simple they may seem. Simplicity is a good thing—lives are then less cluttered with all the baggage of making ourselves accountable to some government entity. Living a life of self worth and independence is far better than living a life in the shadow that overly shades us by some government umbrella set up to "care take us".


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Review: LAST WORDS, Michael Koryta
Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton (August 27, 2015)
Sold by: Hachette Book Group
ASIN: B00T39BL98
Private investigator Mark Novak is still mourning the death of his wife, and it's affecting his work. With his future on the line, Mark is sent to check out a case in the Midwest town of Garrison, home to a famous but perilous cave system. A girl has died in the caves, and the man who brought her out is still believed by many to be her killer. He begs Novak to uncover what really happened.
But Garrison is the kind of place where cold cases stay cold. Mark tries to delve into the town's secrets, but in the end, he will have to match his wits against the man who knows the caverns better than anyone. A man who seems to have lost his mind. A man who seems to know Mark Novak all too well.
On the day that Mark Novak's wife Lauren was killed they parted harshly, she investigating something that he didn't think was her responsibility. He finds it hard to forget how they parted and at his investigative work for the company Innocence Inc (which does pro bono legal work challenging death row and freeing the wrongly convicted) Mark makes poor decisions, such that the board questions his commitment. As they discuss his future Mark is sent to Garrison to investigate a death in the caves. The main setting is a largely unexplored cave system in Southern Indiana. Ostensibly Mark is sent there to redeem himself.
However he feels very little interest in the case as he feels that there is really no case for Innocence Inc. to pick up.
However there are some very strange characters in this novel, and despite himself Mark becomes involved.
This was a novel that it took me a while to get into, perhaps because I didn't really like the character of Mark himself, and partly because there are some really dark passages in the novel.
At the end of the novel, there is so obviously an opening for a sequel.
Michael Koryta (pronounced Ko-ree-ta) is the New York Times-bestselling author of 11 suspense novels. His work has been praised by Stephen King, Michael Connelly, Lee Child, Dean Koontz, James Patterson, Dennis Lehane, Daniel Woodrell, Ron Rash, and Scott Smith among many others, and has been translated into more than 20 languages. His books have won or been nominated for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, Edgar® Award, Shamus Award, Barry Award, Quill Award, International Thriller Writers Award, and the Golden Dagger. They've been selected as "best books of the year" by publications as diverse as the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Amazon.com, O the Oprah Magazine, Entertainment Weekly, People, Reader's Digest, iBooks, and Kirkus Reviews.LAST WORDS is the beginning of a new series.
Labels: e-book challenge, kindle, Mark Koryta, new to me author, new to me authors 2019, USA fiction challenge 2019
Review: HOUSE OF GLASS, Susan Fletcher
Review: MARLBOROUGH MAN, Alan Carter
Review: THE SHADOW HOUR, Kate Riordan
Review: THE SHAPE OF LIES, Rachel Abbott
Review: DISAPPEARED, Anthony J. Quinn
Review: A KILLING NIGHT, Jonathon King
Review: NINTH AND NOWHERE, Jeffery Deaver
Review: THE MURDER AT REDMIRE HALL, J. R. Ellis - ...
Review: THE GIRL WHO WOULDN'T DIE, Marnie Riches
Meme: NEW TO ME AUTHORS January to March 2019
New to me authors - January to March 2019
Pick of the Month: MARCH 2019


For an escape, visit Relais & Chateau's Las Mañanitas located an hour from city center. Its lush gardens, terrace restaurant and resident peacocks offer a peaceful respite.
While the modern guest rooms are serene, the rooftop terrace is always abuzz with crowds from the fashion, art and business worlds. On Friday night, order a martini, sit back on the chaise lounges and take it all in.
Originally a 17th century palace, this new boutique hotel is beautifully designed from bottom to top -- rooms feature brass fretwork screens, stone plank floors and arched brick ceilings, and a rooftop concrete pool balances with bright yellow umbrellas and chairs. Utterly chic.


I've setup a layer-2 tunnel between two sites. On each end is the router/VPN end-point. Each router will perform NAT so the systems behind it can access the internet, and will bridge the two remote sites. I would prefer a layer 3 tunnel with a different subnet at each site, but this project requires a layer 2 tunnel.
The tunnel works, I can ping and access systems on both sides from both sides. BUT I get ~50% packet loss. It seems that the two bridges are learning the MAC addresses wrong and it's causing packet loss until the MAC's are re-learnt on the correct side of the bridge. For example, a physical computer at SITE-A is learnt by br0 on the eth1 port (which is great because that works). But then later on it re-learns that same MAC on tap0 which causes packet loss until it relearns it again later on.
I have tried disabling STP on one and both bridges at both sites and I am very confident I don't have any network loops because SITE-B is running on VMware while SITE-A a remote office. The VMware site has only 1 layer-2 path to SITE-B: via the OpenVPN tunnel. I am out of ideas on how to solve this problem Any suggestions wold be welcome!
I've moved the VMware side of the tunnel to a physical box instead of running it in a VM and that fixed the problem. VMware is doing something funny and causing the MAC addresses to be learnt on the wrong side of the bridge.


text:
Topics›
U.S. Christmas season›
America's Top New Year's Resolutions for 2020
Katharina Buchholz,
U.S. Christmas season
For 2020, Americans are making the resolution to adopt healthy habits – concerning their finances as well as their bodies. A survey by Ipsos for Urban Plates has found that out of all participants who said they were making one or several new year's resolutions, 51 percent wanted to manage their finances better and an equal amount wanted to adopt healthier eating habits. More popular resolutions for the upcoming year also circled around improving one's health, with a more active lifestyle and weight loss being favorite answers.
38 percent of participants wanted to improve their mental well-being or practice mindfulness, a sign of a growing awareness for these aspects of mental health. Despite environmental protection being an equally popular topic at the moment, only 22 percent of survey participants said they wanted to be more eco-friendly in 2020.
18 percent of Americans said they were making only one resolution, while an additional 20 percent said they would make more than one. The percentage of resolution-makers was highest among Hispanics. A total of 56 percent in that group said they were making one or more resolutions.
Katharina Buchholz
katharina.buchholz@statista.com
This chart show the most popular new year's resolutions among U.S. Americans for 2020.
URL to be used as reference link:
https://www.statista.com/chart/20309/us-new-years-resolutions-2020/
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Since the passing of Marvel Comics co-creator Stan Lee earlier this week, contemporaries and fans alike continue to flood the internet with heartfelt tributes to the undisputed icon. The subsequent praise wouldn't be complete without a special piece from Lee's Marvel family, which is exactly what we have showcased above.
Throughout the four-minute clip Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company remember the legendary Stan Lee, as we get to hear from collaborators and company executives as they dish on the creative genius and his influential work. In addition, there are various interview excerpts with Lee himself.
Press play above to watch Marvel's tribute to an icon, Stan Lee.
For more, Stan Lee explains the birth of Marvel and how he wants to be remembered in a newly-shared New York Times interview.


text:
Cheshire East Council
Council gives go-ahead to massive redevelopment plans
Radical plans to build a new football stadium and a cinema in the town centre have finally been given the green light by councillors.
Cheshire East Council rubber-stamped the exciting masterplan to regenerate the town centre at a Cabinet meeting, following 10 months of consultations with residents and business owners.
Council leader Wesley Fitzgerald said: "This is a good example of try, try and try again. We have made mistakes but there is agreement now about how we are going about it. It's good for Macclesfield – at last the vision is beginning to look like a reality."
Councillors said residents had responded positively to the plans, which included a business breakfast event, and they were finally on the right track.
The vision focuses on redeveloping the town centre and the South Macclesfield Development Area (SMDA) between Congleton Road and London Road, which will house the new football stadium.
There are also improvements to rail links and new roads to and from the new developments which will help reduce congestion.
High on the list is the challenge of enhancing the town's unique heritage and reinforcing Market Square, Chestergate and the upper part of Mill Street as the heart of the town centre.
And ideas for more leisure facilities include developing a new 'retail quarter' with a cinema, a department store and multi-storey car park. Cheshire East will now go back to developers Wilson Bowden with the revised scheme and separate consultation will take place early next year.
Chestergate
Mill Street
Wesley Fitzgerald
PrestburyWayne Rooney's £6m Prestbury mansion targeted by masked raidersNeighbour says police were 'swarming all over the place' after would-be burglars set off the alarm system at £6m Cheshire property
Alan TuringThe home of code genius is to be a heritage siteTHE HOME of the genius who cracked the German Enigma code and helped the Allies win World War II is set to become a pilgrimage for mathematicians and computer buffs this week.
News'My dress is from Primark' says Tatton Flower Show's Best Dressed LadyFashionistas came into their own with a raft of colourful ensembles and flowery headwear
MacclesfieldWar-themed gala organised in aid of animal charityThe glitzy event will take place at Shrigley Hall Hotel and Spar


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is a railway station in the city of Kaizu,  Gifu Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Yōrō Railway.

Lines
Komano Station is a station on the Yōrō Line, and is located 19.8 rail kilometers from the opposing terminus of the line at .

Station layout
Komano Station has one ground-level side platform and one ground-level island platform connected by a level crossing. The station is unattended.

Platforms

Adjacent stations

|-
!colspan=5|Yōrō Railway

History
Komano Station opened on April 27, 1919.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2015, the station was used by an average of 880 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

Surrounding area
 Shioryama Junior High School

See also
 List of Railway Stations in Japan

References

External links

Railway stations in Gifu Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1919
Stations of Yōrō Railway
Kaizu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sarah Ann McLachlan, (born January 28, 1968) is a Canadian musician, singer and songwriter. She is widely recognized for founding Lilith Fair, a tour which showcased female musicians in the late 1990s.
I love you smile at me, I love the way your hands reach out and hold me near....I believe this is heaven to no one else but me.
I'm so tired, but I can't sleep...standing on the edge of something much too deep...funny how I feel so much but cannot say a word...we are screaming inside, oh, but we can't be heard...so afraid to love you, more afraid to lose...clinging to a past that doesn't let me choose.
The winter here's cold and bitter, it's chilled us to the bone. We haven't seen the sun for weeks, too long too far from home. I feel just like I'm sinking, and I claw for solid ground. I'm pulled down by the undertow, I never thought I could feel so low. Oh darkness I feel like letting go. If all of the strength and all of the courage. Come and lift me from this place. I know I could love you much better than this.


Mexico's president-elect asked the U.S. Supreme Court on Monday to evaluate the murder case of a Mexican woman who was sentenced to 99 years in prison for the death of a Texas boy.
Enrique Peña Nieto filed a brief in his personal capacity supporting the appeal of Rosa Estela Olvera Jimenez. He argued that Jimenez was denied due process because she wasn't given funds to hire expert witnesses and had ineffective counsel.
Christopher Johns of Johns Marrs Ellis & Hodge represented President Peña Nieto in this case.
Peña Nieto was governor of the state of Mexico when Jimenez, a native of that state, was sentenced in 2005 for the death of a nearly 2-year-old boy she had been babysitting in Austin. The boy died three months after choking on five paper towels lodged in his throat.
Jimenez said the boy ate the paper towels, but prosecutors argued that she stuffed the towels into the boy's mouth.
Peña Nieto, who was elected president in July and takes office in December, was joined in the brief by the current governor of the state of Mexico and a Mexican lawyer.
"Granting Rosa's petition could rescue an innocent woman from languishing in prison for the rest of her life, cut off from her daughter and the son born to her in jail as she awaited trial," the brief said.
It also could also impact other cases. The brief notes that more than two million Mexican nationals live in Texas, and many of them – like Jimenez – are there illegally. Without resources, the brief argues, they are at a disadvantage in the criminal justice system.
Jimenez was five months pregnant in 2003 when she was babysitting the boy and her own young daughter.
"The little boy loved her," said Chris Johns, an Austin attorney representing Pena Nieto in the case. There was no evidence of trauma anywhere on the boy's body, he said.
Jimenez argued at trial that the boy had eaten the paper towels himself and she had a neighbor dial 911 after seeing the boy turn blue. Prosecutors alleged Jimenez held the boy down and shoved paper towels down his throat, according to the brief.
The jury sided with prosecutors and handed down the sentence. Jimenez's children were later taken to live with her mother in Mexico, Johns said.
Jimenez is requesting that the Supreme Court consider her case on her claims of innocence and ineffective counsel. Her trial attorney had asked the judge for funds to hire expert witnesses but didn't do so on the record, jeopardizing her initial state appeal, which was denied.
She later went before a habeas court seeking a new trial. With the financial support of the state of Mexico, she hired expert witnesses, and the judge presiding over four days of testimony from Jimenez's experts recommended she receive a new trial.
In April, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals said it agreed with some but not all of that judge's findings and denied Jimenez's request for a new trial.
Ryan Bates, an attorney handling Jimenez's appeal, said that if the habeas judge had such strong doubts, due process requires she get a new trial.
"When an impartial judge can look at the case of a habeas petitioner like Rosa Jimenez and say that it's more likely than not that no rational juror would find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt in a retrial, everyone involved knows that there's severe constitutional doubts about the validity of the original trial and its verdict," he said.
This article is also available on ABC News and The Washington Post.


text:
The 39th Women's Boat Race took place on 24 March 1984. The contest was between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge and held as part of the Henley Boat Races along a two-kilometre course.

Background
The first Women's Boat Race was conducted on The Isis in 1927.

Race
Cambridge won by four and a half lengths.

See also
The Boat Race 1984

References

External links
 Official website

Women's Boat Race
1984 in English sport
Boat
March 1984 sports events in the United Kingdom
1984 in women's rowing
1984 sports events in London


text:
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June 07, 2018 Rapid Test Market has grown exponentially in the last few years
The global market for rapid test has grown exponentially in the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 15.71 Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of around 7.7% from 2017. Emerging countries such as India, China, India, Brazil, and Argentina are the potential primary markets of the industry. Factors such as rising demand for rapid test result to enhance productivity, increasing food recalls to ensure consumer safety, stringent regulatory environment, and the emergence of new...
June 07, 2018 Pulse Flours Market witnessed steady growth over the last few years
The global pulse flours market witnessed steady growth over the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 18.97 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of around 12.2% from 2017. High protein profile of pulses and demand for health food products have been major drivers contributing to the growth of the market. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos.com/reports/global-pulse-flours-market-analysis-and-forecast-to-2022-growth-opportunity-assessment/9599556 The pulse flours...
June 07, 2018 Smart Water Meter Market is expected to reach 22.1 million unit shipments by 2023
Bunker fuel is technically any type of fuel oil used aboard vessels. This kind of material can be broken The smart water meter market witnessed 11.8 million unit shipments in 2017 and is expected to reach 22.1 million unit shipments by 2023, at a CAGR of 11.2% over the forecast period (2018 - 2023).
June 07, 2018 Protein Ingredients Market to reach USD 58.49 Billion by 2022
The protein ingredients market is projected to reach USD 58.49 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 6.0% from 2017, in terms of value. In terms of volume, the market is projected to reach 8,713.7 KT by 2022, at a CAGR of 4.9% from 2017. The market is growing in accordance with the advancement of the nutritional food & beverage industry. The rise in demand for protein ingredients from industries such as food & beverage, cosmetics & personal care, animal feed, and pharmaceuticals is driving the...
June 07, 2018 Protein Hydrolysates Market to reach USD 738.2 Million by 2022
The protein hydrolysates market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.1%, in terms of value, from 2016 to reach USD 738.2 Million by 2022. The multifunctional nature of protein hydrolysates, ease of incorporation in a wide range of applications, increase in the demand for high-protein food, and an increase in the consumption of premium products are the factors driving the protein hydrolysates market growth. Rising awareness with regard to the importance of high-nutrition food and the rise in the number of...
June 07, 2018 Probiotics Market to reach a value of USD 64.02 Billion by 2022
The probiotics market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.0% from 2017, to reach a value of USD 64.02 Billion by 2022. The global demand for probiotics is increasing significantly due to growing awareness about the health benefits associated with probiotic fortified foods such as yogurt and probiotic supplements. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos.com/reports/global-probiotics-market-analysis-and-forecast-to-2022-growth-opportunity-assessment/8833608 On the basis of...
June 07, 2018 Prebiotic Ingredients Market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 10.4% by 2023
The global prebiotic ingredients market is estimated to be valued at USD 4.07 Billion in 2017; it is projected to grow at a CAGR of 10.4%, to reach USD 7.37 Billion by 2023. Factors such as an increase in the adoption of healthy diets, a wide range of application in the food & beverage industry, and multifunctional nature of prebiotic ingredients are driving their market. On the basis of application, food & beverages accounted for the largest share, followed by the dietary supplements...
June 07, 2018 Potato Protein Market is projected to reach USD 88.2 Million by 2022
The potato protein market is estimated to be valued at USD 72.2 Million in 2017, and is projected to reach USD 88.2 Million by 2022, at a CAGR of 4.1% during the forecast period. The market is driven by increase in consumer concerns regarding food allergens in products, the rising vegan population, and high nutritional profile of potato proteins. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos...
June 07, 2018 Smart gas meters was valued at 11.414 million unit shipments in 2017
The smart gas meter market was valued at 11.414 million unit shipments in 2017 and is expected to reach 26.391 million unit shipments by 2023, witnessing a CAGR of 12.11% for the forecast period (2018 - 2023).
June 07, 2018 Polyol Sweeteners Market Grow at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2017 to 2022
The global polyol sweeteners market has grown steadily in the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 3.30 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2017 to 2022. The growth in demand for low-calorie and healthier food & beverage products is the major driving factor of this market. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos.com/reports/global-polyol-sweeteners-market-analysis-and-forecast-to-2022-growth-opportunity-assessment/7651257 In the form segment, the...
June 07, 2018 Packaging Testing Market size is projected to reach USD 14.64 Billion by 2022
The global market for packaging testing has grown exponentially in the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 14.64 Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of around 12.0% from 2017. Emerging countries such as India, China, Japan, Brazil, and Argentina are the potential primary markets of the industry. Factors such as rising awareness and demand for sustainable packaging, increasing retail industry with increasing demand for packed products, stringent regulatory environment, and the...
June 07, 2018 Nutritional Analysis Market is estimated to be valued at USD 5.99 Billion by 2022
The nutritional analysis market is estimated to be valued at USD 4.04 Billion in 2017, and is projected to reach USD 5.99 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 8.2% from 2017 to 2022. Nutrition analysis refers to the process of determining the nutritional content of food. Nutritional analysis involves two ways to calculate the nutritional content of a food sample; chemically, and by calculation. Nutritional analysis has been increasing in the global market due to the rise in consumer awareness, implementation...
June 07, 2018 Modified Starch Market to reach a projected value of USD 12.14 Billion by 2022
The modified starch market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.1%, in terms of value, from 2017 to reach a projected value of USD 12.14 Billion by 2022. The advancement in technologies for modification of starches has fueled the demand for modified starches for a wider range of industrial applications such as in food, feed, paper, pharmaceuticals, and others. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos...
June 07, 2018 Milk Replacers Market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.59% from 2017 to 2022
The milk replacers market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.59% from 2017 to 2022, to reach a projected value of USD 3.54 Billion by 2022. The milk replacers market is driven by the rise in milk prices, increase in awareness of cost-benefits and nutritional aspects of milk replacer products, adoption of precision nutrition techniques, concerns regarding mortality and health-related aspects, and rise in nutritional mismatches in the initial birth stage of livestock offspring. Explore More Information...
June 07, 2018 Microencapsulation Market size is projected to reach USD 10.76 Billion by 2022
The global market for microencapsulation has grown exponentially in the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 10.76 Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of around 11.4% from 2017 to 2022. Emerging markets such as India, China, Japan, Brazil, and Argentina are the primary targets of the industry. Factors such as the growing awareness and demand for fortified food products, increasing demand from the pharmaceutical industry for various applications, and the emergence of new technologies...
June 07, 2018 Microbiological Testing of Water Market has grown exponentially in the last few years
The global market for microbiological testing of water has grown exponentially in the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 1.59 Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of around 7.0% from 2017 to 2022. Emerging countries such as India, China, Japan, Brazil, and Argentina are the primary targets of the industry. Factors such as increase in microbial contamination in water reservoirs due to increased urban waste, stringent regulatory environment, the emergence of new technologies, and...
June 07, 2018 Lipid Nutrition (Nutritional Lipids) Market to reach a projected value of USD 11.15 Billion by 2022
The lipid nutrition (nutritional lipids) market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.4%, in terms of value, from 2017 to reach a projected value of USD 11.15 Billion by 2022. The demand for lipid nutrition is projected to be on the rise, owing to factors such as increase in instances of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and obesity in regions such as North America, the consumer awareness about the health benefits of lipid nutrition, and the growing demand for lipid nutrition in fortified...
June 07, 2018 Insoluble Dietary Fibers Market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.2% by 2022
The insoluble dietary fibers market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.2% from 2017, to reach a projected value of USD 2.66 Billion by 2022. Insoluble dietary fibers have become more diversified in the recent years. Factors such as rapidly growing urbanization and busy lifestyles, globally, have led an increase in the usage of functional food & beverage and nutraceutical products fortified with different nutritional value including dietary fibers. Explore More Information about report...
June 07, 2018 Infant Formula Ingredients Market grow at a CAGR of around 9.4% from 2017 to 2022
The global infant formula ingredients market witnessed steady growth over the last few years. The market size is projected to reach USD 23.79 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of around 9.4% from 2017 to 2022. Increasing number of working women and the preference over convenience feeding has been the major driver that has contributed to the growth of the market. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos...
June 07, 2018 Industrial Sugar Market growing at a CAGR of 6.01% from 2016 to 2022
The market for industrial sugar is projected to reach USD 52.91 Billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of 6.01% from 2016 to 2022. Sugar is considered as one of the most important commodities, and is produced and consumed around the world, of which around 70% of production is consumed in domestic markets and only 30% is traded in the international markets. Explore More Information about report @ https://www.researchcosmos...
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text:
<?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: eduardojunior
 * Date: 09/12/15
 * Time: 15:15
 */
namespace Usuario\Repository;

use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;

class FisicaRepository extends EntityRepository
{
    public function getFisicaNaoFuncionario()
    {
        $querybuilder = $this->createQueryBuilder('f');
        return $querybuilder->select('f')
            ->leftJoin('Drh\Entity\Funcionario', 'funcionario', 'WITH', 'f.id = funcionario.fisica')
            ->where('funcionario.fisica IS NULL')->orderBy('f.nome', 'ASC')->getQuery()->getResult();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package com.sequenceiq.samples.model;

import com.amazonaws.services.ec2.model.GroupIdentifier;

import java.util.List;

public class AWSReservation {
	private String reservationId;
	private String ownerId;
	private String requesterId;
	private List<GroupIdentifier> groups;
	private List<String> groupNames;
	private List<AwsSimpleInstance> instances;

	public AWSReservation(String ownerId, String reservationId, String requesterId) {
		this.reservationId = reservationId;
		this.ownerId = ownerId;
		this.requesterId = requesterId;
	}

	public void setRequesterId(String requesterId) {
		this.requesterId = requesterId;
	}

	public String getRequesterId() {

		return requesterId;
	}

	public String getReservationId() {
		return reservationId;
	}

	public void setReservationId(String reservationId) {
		this.reservationId = reservationId;
	}

	public String getOwnerId() {
		return ownerId;
	}

	public void setOwnerId(String ownerId) {
		this.ownerId = ownerId;
	}

	public void setGroups(List<GroupIdentifier> groups) {
		this.groups = groups;
	}

	public void setGroupNames(List<String> groupNames) {
		this.groupNames = groupNames;
	}

	public void setInstances(List<AwsSimpleInstance> instances) {
		this.instances = instances;
	}

	public List<GroupIdentifier> getGroups() {
		return groups;
	}

	public List<String> getGroupNames() {
		return groupNames;
	}

	public List<AwsSimpleInstance> getInstances() {
		return instances;
	}

}


text:
Animal Evacuations & Disaster Relief Updates
Home News More Than 250K People Have Signed Petition To Save Rare White Lion...
More Than 250K People Have Signed Petition To Save Rare White Lion 'Mufasa' From Being Auctioned Off To Trophy Hunters; More Signatures Needed!
Karen Lane
Photo Credit: Mufasa The Lion Facebook
When WAN learned that a rare white lion in South Africa could be auctioned off to trophy hunters, we were outraged.
Three years ago, a lion cub named Mufasa was confiscated by law enforcement and handed to a wildlife rehabilitation center to be cared for. The rehab center acquired a second cub Suraya, as a companion for Mufasa. Until now, the two have been inseparable. Unfortunately, that could now change due to Mufasa being infertile and therefore unable to breed.
Nature conservation officials refused permission for Mufasa to be relocated to a sanctuary, who offered to care for both Mufasa and Suraya, free of charge. Instead, the rehab center was told that "Mufasa will be auctioned off to raise funds for the department." This is so unbelievable and outrageous.
A post by Mufasa The White Lion's Facebook page stated, "the rehab center where Mufasa is kept, has just been served with a court application by NatCon to interdict the center to hand over Mufasa. Obviously we are going to take Mufasa's side, and oppose this. We believe Mufasa and Suraya have the right to live the rest of their natural lives in a sanctuary where they will be as close to freedom as humanly possible."
It's believed that there are less than 300 white lions like Mufasa in the world, with just 13 still living in the wild, and shockingly still no international law to protect them.
We need to protect each and every one of these animals before they face extinction due to the greed of "trophy hunting."
According to Four Paws US, "every year thousands of hunters from Europe and the U.S. travel to South Africa to participate in 'trophy hunting,' from which hunters bring home dead animals as "trophies" to display on their walls. Sadly, many wild animals are available to hunt, even protected species like elephants – it is just a question of money."
It's a disgusting industry that continues to decimate wild populations everywhere, and now Mufasa is their next target.
Please sign this Care2 petition, asking that not only Mufasa's life be spared, but that he and Suraya be sent to an accredited sanctuary where they can live the rest of their lives in peace. SIGN HERE!
Help us continue to bring you the latest breaking animal news from around the world and consider making a Donation Here! www.peace4animals.net/donate
Please share our articles, follow us on social media, and sign up for our newsletter! Go Plant-Based!
"One Person CAN Make A Difference"
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Previous articleBreaking! U.S. House Republicans Just Passed Legislation To End Endangered Species Act Protections For Gray Wolves
Next articlePeople Are Outraged As Dogs Are Being Brutally Killed By Police Following Unfathomable New Regulations In China; This Must End!
First Ever Global Examination Of Traditional Asian Medicine Shows What Is Fueling Demand For Big Cat Products Worldwide
Peace 4 Animals Partners With Eco-Friendly Lifestyle Brand Kut From The Kloth On Signature New Jeans That Raise Awareness To Save Endangered Species
We Need Your Help To Urge Members Of The United States Congress To Support The Ban On Exotic Animals In Circuses
First Ever Global Examination Of Traditional Asian Medicine Shows What Is...
Karen Lane - July 19, 2019
World Animal Protection has completed its first ever global multiple country examination of the supply chain feeding the insatiable demand for big cat products,...
- World Animal News Partner -
- World Animal News Sponsors -
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Peace 4 Animals Partners With Eco-Friendly Lifestyle Brand Kut From The...
We Need Your Help To Urge Members Of The United States...
Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation To Award A Historical $15.6 Million In Grants...
Breaking! France Passes Historic Bill Ordering Cameras In All Slaughterhouses
Heartbreaking News: Trump Legalizes Killing Hibernating Wolves, Bears And Their Cubs...
World Animal News brings you the latest breaking news in animal welfare from around the globe.
Contact us: contact@worldanimalnews.com
© Copyright 2018 - WorldAnimalNews.com


User Experience (UX) Design – What it means?
User experience or UX is an often used term that everyone seems to know but only a few understand. User experience is paramount for website creation, and web designers have to make the best use of it to create high impacting and attractive websites. The literal meaning of the term might seem quite simple as it relates to the feeling of a person when he or she interacts with a system. However, there are several other dimensions to the user experience, which are reasons for its importance to designers. Website owners too have to comprehend it when they think about designing or redesigning websites. Only when you know well about user experience and how it affects web design, that you could explain your web designing needs to any web designing agency.
You might have constructive ideas about the kind of functionality you want to incorporate in the web design, but to explain it correctly to the web designing agencies, you must first know how to write a RFP or Request for Proposal. The agencies would evaluate your requirements mentioned in the RFP, understand your objectives, and assess how to translate it into a suitable design. Finally, they would offer a proper estimate or quotation for the job. The better you know how to provide a more satisfying experience for users better would be the design concepts that emerge from the brainstorming sessions.
To understand the importance of user experience (UX) try to recollect at least one lousy encounter online and things will be as clear as daylight. For a web designer, the highest satisfaction comes when he or she can create a customized and utterly tailor-made website for the targeted audience by knowing the ways of meeting their expectations of website usage. That is only possible by analyzing what users expect during their interaction with the website which typically represents user experience. The failure of any site to appeal to its targeted online audience will reflect poorly on the web design.
The success and failure of any online platform directly relate to user experience with good user experience making websites perform exceedingly well. User experience is one key factor that no one can dare to ignore, neither website owners nor web developers and designers. Nothing more matters to web designers than customer satisfaction because when customers are happy with any website, search engines pick it up as a positive signal that enhances search rankings. What do users normally expect from sites? Well, the site must be easy to operate, and navigation should be quite easy. Above all, users must be able to identify some advantage or unique benefit from the website. For websites to succeed, it must have a specific angle or unique selling point.
The trick lies in enhancing the usability of websites which only an expert developer who is also a UX specialist can offer. It is the responsibility of the UX specialist to ensure that all the components and content are relevant and valuable that compels users to take an interest in the website. How to make the web design more complete that offers a fulfilling experience to users is the task of the UX expert.
At first sight, UX seems to be all about aesthetics from the perspective of website design and includes all components that make websites look attractive. To create websites likable just from its looks is essential because it makes users curious to explore it more regarding functionality. Once again, you have to make users happy by making websites perform according to their expectations. Thus UX is as much about aesthetics as about functionality.
UX plays a vital role about the development of digital resources of all kinds, and it acquires even more critical in the context of websites and applications, some specific corporate tasks and promoting the internet among young entrepreneurs.
UX is important because it helps to organize website design and content with an eye on satisfying users thereby helping to avoid untidy and chaotic web design.
UX helps to provide direction to users to help them navigate the website smoothly so that they discover their topic of interest comfortably and quickly.
UX for e-commerce websites is a bit more complicated because it has to meet the user expectations about satisfying browser experience and offer them a pleasing buying experience too.
As a business owner, you might be wondering how you could construct suitable UX approaches for your website. As you can understand there are many facets of UX, and you must involve various specialists and encourage good cooperation so that they work closely together with the common objective of fixing challenges. Good teamwork is essential for creating good UX, and there has to be top class collaboration among team members to develop and achieve shared objectives, principles, visuals and more.
You have to determine what kind of feeling you want to generate among users with a certain type of website content. It could be anything ranging from delight, sympathy, fear, and guilt to surprise, affection, or shock. After determining the emotion that the content should generate you can start testing how useful it is. Judge if the feeling you are targeting is the right one for the occasion, and strong enough to elicit the desired response from users. Also, ascertain the benefits and whether the experience has a universal appeal. What is the brand appeal is also a factor to evaluate and how it fares in comparison to competitors.
It is not possible to create universal UX because every UX targets a specific audience. First, you have to determine what kind of response you want to generate and think about the UX accordingly. There is no one size fits all solution for UX. Since every website offers an experience that is very much its own, you cannot try to replicate it across other sites.
Knowing how to fulfill the specific desires of your target audience is the only way to create superb UX.
I'm Founder of TheHotSkills & Resumenor and a Product Designer / UX Researcher / Art Director with 6+ year experience from Chandigarh, India. I specialize in small to medium business growth.
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Abstract: Last but not least a warning. Cholesterol is not only a pathogenic metabolite, it is an essential biological component. Indiscriminate cholesterol lowering may be inappropriate and harmful. The more effective is a weapon, the higher is the potential for a collateral damage (Fig. 1, Ref. 10).
Keywords: atherosclerosis, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C), LDL receptor (LDL- R), PCSK9, AMG 145, statins.


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