text:
Where to Go in Barcelona: A Month-By-Month Guide
CC0 Pixabay
There's never a dull moment in the Catalan capital, whether you visit in the peak of summer or during the months with less crowds. Find out where to go and what to see in Barcelona whatever the time of year with our month-by-month guide.
The first week of January is still very much Christmas time here in Catalonia and many people won't go back to work until after the Epiphany, celebrated on January 6 each year. This is when many children receive their presents, delivered by the Three Kings or Reyes Magos who appear in the city the previous evening. The procession starts from the port before carrying on through the city centre, with sweets and treats being handed out to the throng along the way. After that, January is a relatively calm month and one of the few times the city can feel a little quiet – perfect if you're interested in visiting museums and other popular sights.
Although the exact dates change each year, February is usually the time during which Barcelona celebrates carnival. Falling the week before the beginning of Lent, carnival is celebrated from the Thursday before Ash Wednesday, known locally as 'Dijous Gras' or 'Thursday Gras'. At the weekend processions take place throughout the city with many schools organising processions in their neighbourhood, with bars and clubs hosting special events for the occasion. Valentine's Day is something of a non-event here as the locals celebrate Sant Jordi's day in April instead, so don't expect flowers and love-hearts in anywhere but the more commercial venues. Instead get out of town and experience an authentic calçotada – a feast involving the Catalan spring onion known as calçots and copious amounts of wine and vermouth.
Grilled calçots © gerti10
If there even is such a thing as a low-season in Barcelona, March well and truly marks the end of it. Depending on when Easter falls, it is still possible through to enjoy some relatively quiet March days which can also have great weather. This is an ideal time for outdoor sports, before the heat of the summer makes it too difficult: check out local schools for paddle boarding, surfing or even rock climbing. If you are in the Catalan capital this month, be sure to check of the Festival of Saint Medir which takes place in the Gràcia neighbourhood and involves long processions of people handing out sweets.
If Easter falls in April then you're in for a treat – but also big crowds. The run up to Easter Monday is known as Semana Santa or 'Holy Week' and involves processions, religious ceremonies and naturally lots of eating. The traditional Easter treat is known as the Mona de Pascua and is customarily given to children by their godparents. A visit to the Barcelona Chocolate Museum at this time of the year is sure to get you in the mood thanks to their impressive chocolate displays. The other big occasion in April is the Day of Sant Jordi – Saint George in English – the patron saint of Catalunya. On this day, men offer their female partners a rose while the women reciprocate with a book. The festival is credited with being the origin of World Book Day.
Books and flowers for Sant Jordi's Day © Ajuntament d'Esplugues de Llobregat
There's not much in terms of festivities in Catalonia in May but by now the weather is usually good enough for the beaches to keep people entertained at weekends. Avoid the crowds of tourists at the Barceloneta beach by heading slightly further out to the Bogatell beach and explore the Poblenou neighbourhood while you're there. If you're a sports fan then the Barcelona Formula One race which takes place 20km north of the city this month is likely to be of interest.
This is the month for big events in Barcelona. In terms of music, June usually sees the arrival of both Primavera Sound and Sónar electronic music festival – two of the best live music festivals of their kind in Europe. Having celebrated its 10th edition in 2015, the Barcelona Design Week has established itself as a serious event for designers, entrepreneurs and other design enthusiasts. Also worth a mention is the 080 Barcelona Fashion Week, which generally takes place in June and attracts some of the foremost Catalan and Spanish designers. Finally, if you're around at the end of the month you won't be able to miss the festival of Sant Joan on June 24, although most of the celebrations take place the night before when fireworks are set off across the city and people enjoy a glass of Cava with a slice of the coca de Sant Joan.
Party at Barcelona's top music festivals © JasonParis
The summer is the busiest time of the year in Barcelona and July is undoubtedly the busiest of the season. If this is the only time you can make it to Barcelona, be sure to plan day-trips away from the city for a little respite from the crowds. For beautiful beaches head further north towards the Costa Brava where you'll find azure waters and secluded coves along the waterfront. Explore the nearby Pyrenees for some epic scenery and charming Medieval villages which are a far cry from the modernity of Barcelona. When you are in the Catalan capital, check out the Grec festival for the chance to watch open air performances in the outdoor amphitheatre of the Grec gardens on Montjuïc. Finally, make the most of the public outdoor swimming pools which open for just a couple of months over the summer.
While August is peak tourist season, it is also the month when locals go on holiday meaning two things: that the city is ever so slightly quieter than July but that many independent shops are shut. Outside of the main shopping areas and the larger stores, many of the smaller boutiques and retailers close down for anywhere between two weeks to the full month in August. Be sure to check ahead of time if the places you're interested in visiting will be open during your stay. However, August is also the month of the Festa Major de Gràcia, a week long street party during which neighbours compete for the best street decoration and there are free live bands on every night.
Join the party at the Festa Major de Gràcia © Pedro Cambra / Flickr
Back to school and back to work: September marks the return to normal life after the summer holidays. Fortunately, there's something to look forward to at the end of the month as September 25 is the festival of La Mercè – the patron saint of Barcelona. During the week in the run up to the festival there are processions, displays of traditional dances and folklore throughout the city. The real show comes on the final day though, when a spectacular pyrotechnical display takes place by the MNAC museum and Plaza Espanya.
With the cooler, wetter weather comes mushroom season in Catalonia: the Pyrenees abound in comestible mushrooms which are much appreciated in the restaurants of the capital. Try one of the local varieties such as the rovellons (Lactarius deliciosus) – flat and orange with dark markings – which taste great simply cooked on the grill. October also marks the beginning of Barcelona's prestigious Jazz Festival which attracts some of the finest jazz musicians from across the world.
The La Mercè firework display © PROMiquel Angel Pintanel Bassets
The first day of November is All Saint's Day and this is typically a moment for families to remember their loved ones by laying flowers on their tombs. It's also the time when chestnuts are at their best and you'll find stalls selling roast chestnuts wrapped in newspaper on nearly every street corner. The eve of All Saint's Day is in fact marked by the Castanyada – a celebration during which neighbours gather to eat roast chestnuts and drink sweet wine called Moscatell.
If you're a fan of Christmas celebrations then Barcelona is a great place to come to soak up the festive spirit. The Christmas market outside the Cathedral sells hand-made decorations, artisan gifts and everything you need to build your own nativity scene – including the all important caganer or 'pooping man'. Christmas is first and foremost a time for spending with family in Catalonia so private celebrations are quite common. However, bars and restaurants remain busy with work parties and family gatherings, so it's a great time to visit some of the more traditional local restaurants such as Can Cañete or Botafumeiro.
The caganer come in all shapes and sizes © Athena Lao


text:
We use cookies to personalize content and ads, provide social media features, and analyze our traffic. By continuing to use this website, you consent to the use of cookies in accordance with our Privacy Policy.
Superfrozen Technology
Food Safety & Responsible Sourcing
Carbon Monoxide-Treated Tuna: Should We Be Eating It?
December 2022 CO tuna
Is treating tuna with carbon monoxide safe for consumers? Learn about the downside of CO tuna, and why SuperFrozen technology is better for keeping tuna fresh and delicious.
Raw tuna has seen a huge spike in demand in recent decades. Spurred by the rise in popularity of Japanese-style sushi and sashimi, as well as the growth in demand for poke bowls, global tuna consumption in 2018 reached $11.38 billion and is expected to rise to $13.75 billion by 2023 according to PR Newswire.
Coinciding with the growth in demand for raw tuna is the search for optimal methods to extend tuna's shelf life. The deep red color of tuna indicates freshness to consumers, and the tuna industry seeks to preserve this color. Buyers of fresh tuna, whether at the sushi restaurants or the supermarket, often look for deep red color which indicates that the fish is top-quality. However, it has become increasingly likely that the fish is bright red because it has been treated with carbon monoxide during processing.
The industry's use of carbon monoxide (CO) (also known as filtered smoke, wood smoke or tasteless smoke) is used to treat tuna to cease the oxidation process and prevent browning, which permanently alters the color of tuna to bright pink, no matter what the storage temperature or conditions are. This is not a new phenomenon and has been used in the U.S. for decades.
This blog aims to dive into the world of CO-treated tuna, and the potential harmful effects it may cause to consumers. Along with this, explain why Culimer only uses superfrozen technologies as it is the only natural preservation method to maintain the deep red color of tuna.
Why Does Tuna Turn Brown?
From the moment tuna is caught, it begins to deteriorate in quality. Myoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein, found in red blooded mammals which contains iron. Following harvest and storage over a period of time with continued exposure to oxygen, the red color of the meat gradually changes into various shades of brown. This is known as oxidative browning which converts oxymyoglobin (red color) to metmyoglobin (brown pigment).
This is a natural process, and is considered a quality issue, rather than a food safety issue. However, the brown color of tuna can turn consumers off, which is why the industry has turned to alternative methods, such as CO-treatment to aim to preserve the red color of tuna.
CO Treatment: Preserving Appearance While Risking Food Safety
Tuna purveyors have a 3–5 day window to retain the tuna's red color before it turns brown. A commonly used solution is to treat tuna with carbon monoxide, an antioxidant that inhibits lipid oxidation and maintains the red color that consumers value. The carbon monoxide reacts with the muscle pigments to form a very stable complex, carboxymyoglobin. The CO-treatment permanently turns the red tuna to an unnatural, watermelon pink color as a result of this process.
To meet the surge in global demand, the fishing industry has developed an industrial process that involves a complex supply chain, with many players from fishing vessels, processors, transport and storage. The process involves multiple touchpoints, increasing opportunities for mishandling and spoilage.
This practice of CO-treated tuna meat could mislead consumers into thinking that the tuna is fresher or of higher value than it actually is. The issue is the misuse of carbon monoxide to conceal tuna spoilage, as it only preserves the color of the fish, not the quality and has the potential to deceive consumers.
"In some cases, the bright, unnatural-looking watermelon pink indicates the tuna might be illegally treated to conceal malpractice or poorer quality fish."
CO Tuna Treatment: Illegal Elsewhere, Safe in the U.S.?
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) class CO-treatment of fish as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and describe the process as harmless. The agency permits its use to preserve the color of fresh tuna, not to enhance brown tuna, and requires retailers to label treated fish, however, most do not comply. Around the world, CO-treatment of fish is illegal, as Japan, Canada, China and the European Union have banned the practice because of fears that it could be used to mask spoiled fish.
In 2003 the European Union unilaterally banned the use of carbon monoxide in both meat and seafood citing that CO may mask visual evidence of spoilage and deceive consumers. This begs the question, if it is illegal elsewhere, why is it common practice in the U.S.?
Is CO-Treated Tuna Actually Consumer Fraud?
Opinion about CO-treated tuna is divided and highlights the complex issue of consumers trying to make informed decisions about the fish they are buying, when they do not understand the full story.
CO-treated tuna is not by itself unsafe to eat, however the process deprives consumers of visual cues about the freshness of the fish they are buying. Consumers believe the redder the tuna, the fresher the fish. However, they may not be aware that bright pink tuna does not always mean fresh. In some cases, the bright, unnatural-looking watermelon pink indicates the tuna might be illegally treated to conceal malpractice or poorer quality fish.
There are no direct health implications from eating CO-treated tuna. However, CO treatment makes tuna appear to be fresh for longer, despite any temperature or storage abuse. As tuna ages, it becomes more likely to build up toxins such as scombrotoxin or histamine. Some experts believe that anything to intentionally mask the true age of a piece of fish, should be considered a public safety risk.
SuperFrozen Tuna Treatment: The Right Solution at the Right Time
There is a natural solution to the problem of browning in tuna and that is in superfrozen technologies for tuna. The key to superfrozen tuna comes from the eutectic point (EP), which is an ultra-low temperature of -76°F (-60°C). This is the temperature at which all chemical and biological activity is halted completely, meaning no degradation can take place.
Unlike conventional freezing, which causes water loss and color change, superfrozen tuna revives to the exact condition it was in before freezing, resulting in a bright, red color and high-quality flavor.
SuperFreezing is already a common practice in Japan, a country known for its obsession with quality and cleanliness, as 80% of all tuna processed in Japan is superfrozen. Japan values the superfreezing process because it maintains consistent, fresh quality without any manipulation.
Those of us who remember the Starkist Tuna commercials look back fondly on the days of "Sorry Charlie." Today's tuna is fresher, redder and tastier. However, the use of carbon monoxide to treat tuna during processing to extend shelf life is a process fraught with controversy and potential public safety risks.
Employing CO to manipulate tuna's signature bright red color can conceal spoiled and contaminated fish while appearing fresh to the consumer. Culimer recommends knowing the source of your tuna to ensure the best quality and choosing for superfrozen tuna.
Culimer never uses any form of manipulation on our tuna and strictly processes and stores all tuna using superfrozen techniques, for fresher than fresh quality, perfect for sushi and sashimi.
By Culimer Team
Join the Culimer Community
Stay up-to-date on responsible seafood.
Copyright Culimer 2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Douglas Spring Campground is located 6.05 miles from the Douglas Spring Trailhead in Saguaro National Park. The Douglas Spring Campground lies in a shady, brushy plateau fed by seasonal springs.
Here grades moderate in a more isolated setting as tall saguaro stands yield to open hillsides, creosote, scrub oak and mesquite. You'll reach the Bridal Wreath Falls spur at 2.5 miles (3,740'), an easy .6 mile roundtrip excursion. Seasonal flows account for abundant vegetation in this vicinity.
Grades steepen shortly past the falls spur deeper into the mountains; note the prevalence of manzanita as you progress in this more intense landscape.
Though rugged and undulating, there is only a modest net elevation gain on the final 2+ miles to the Douglas Spring Campground (6.05 miles : 4,800'). The trail continues another 2.4 miles to Cow Saddle and the Tanque Verde Ridge Trail.
The Douglas Spring Trailhead is a popular destination wth limited parking. Arrive early to secure space and avoid crowds.
The Douglas Spring Trail is fully exposed to sun and heat. Ample water and sun protection are essential on this longer hike into the backcountry.
Look for quail, roadrunner, javelina and jackrabbits at lower elevations. Higher elevations on the Douglas Spring Trail are home to deer, bobcat, mountain lion and even bear.
The Douglas Spring Trailhead begins at the end of Speedway Blvd. Travel east from Tucson to the end of Speedway Blvd. Parking is limited. Park only in designated spots.
"Thank you for the feedback Brian. Firstly, so glad to here things are green and water's flowing! The Sonoran is sometimes overlooked for its amazing ecological diversity (2000+ plant species) and seasonal blooms. Re: the distance, It's not uncommon to see different measurements between units and apps, though the discrepancy you point to exceeds what might be expected. This trail was mapped / written using two Garmin CSX units, and one Garmin CO unit. Raw data suggests these units were pretty much in sync, and the averages were taken to produce the data published here. Still, inflections and inaccuracies happen. We'll review records in greater detail and take your metrics into account in any necessary revision. Again, thanks for the feedback and keep enjoying the desert!"
"Just did this hike today. Using the Map My Hike app, it showed a little over seven miles to get to the campsites and took me about 2.5 hours - I'm pretty close to getting three miles an hour in. The elevation gain stated is correct, about 2000 feet. I also did Bridal Wreath falls on the way down (about .5 mi. off the main trail). My total for the day was around 14.65 miles on the app. It says 12.1 RT - not so sure about that. It just rained a lot a few days ago, so it was awesome to see all the running water and the falls flowing nice. "
"Why is Tucson so anti dog? All these trails get ripped apart by horses but dogs aren't allowed? Really."
"A side note on my comment the horse issue should not keep anyone from what is one of the best hikes in the Tucson valley it won't keep me away as I plan on hiking it for my 12th time tomorrow "
"Haveing hiked this trail manny time I have to say it is generally a vary pleasant experience however the horses and their riders are a real down side especially after you have passed signs that specifically state NO STOCK as in livestock it becomes down right frustrating when you see that there is a posted stock bypass. Growing up livening and hikeing in southern az you get used to yielding to equestrians but on steeper and more narrow parts of this trail having them around gets down right dangerous!"
"Seriously! you cant stand the smell of horse? Trails...smelly... perhaps you need a new hobby the outdoors is full of ...outdoors ...stuff Get a clue bubb. Also just a note. Horses AREN'T pets! Derp derp."
"Thank you Christi - we've made the correction."
"If you read the actual park rules they state no dogs, however livestock, including HORSES are allowed. In fact, horses have right off way over bikes and pedestrians. Read the rules or learn the difference between dogs and livestock please. "
"Weird that it says no pets yet there are so many horses. They leave the trails smelly and abused. These signs clearly say NO PETS and there are horses! Come on people, follow the rules!"
"I did enjoy this trail, with the exception of all the horses and horse manure and smell that accomppanies them. At the end of your post you specified with capital letters that no dogs are allowed and you will issue citations. It seems to me that HORSE owners really could CARE LESS FOR YOUR REGULATIONS. What are the chances that while visiting from San Diego, on a random weekend, we would have to make way to more than 9 horses, yet NO DOGS. It would be nice if you would give these people violations. One lady got down right mean when we pointed out that this trail was for people only. She said they always use this trail. It's really unsettling to have to make way to huge horses, worrying wheter or not they will spook."


text:
The Podcast Guests Show: Using Squadcast for better recordings
May 25, 2022 by Andrew Allemann
In episode #4 of The Podcast Guests Show, I interview Rockwell Felder, co-founder of SquadCast. You can listen to the episode here or download it on your favorite podcast app.
A lot of times I get invitations to be a guest on podcasts, and I know right away that the sound quality is not going to be great. But it has nothing to do with my input; it has to do with the system we're using to record the show.
For example, lately, I get lots of invitations over Zoom. While it does an okay job recording, it doesn't provide the same sound quality as systems developed specifically for recording podcasts.
Rockwell Felder, co-founder of SquadCast
Luckily, there are podcast recording platforms that solve this issue. The one I use is SquadCast, and on this episode I chatwith the co-founder of SquadCast.
SquadCast is a podcast recording platform that allows you to record very high-quality "double-enders." That means that your voice as the host is being recorded on one side and the guest's voice is being recorded on their side.
"SquadCast gives podcasters a cloud recording studio that has all the knobs and features that you would expect in a traditional physical studio, but in the cloud, it's virtual. It allows podcasters to connect with anybody, and not really have to sacrifice quality," said co-founder of SquadCast Rockwell Felder.
He and his team are on a mission to amplify collaboration and to help creatives engage in meaningful conversations. Felder and his co-founder, CEO Zachariah Morena, launched the podcast recording platform in 2017 after running into the problem first-hand.
"We were trying to create a podcast remotely and realizing that it was really challenging to put up a top-quality product," said Felder.
With SquadCast, there are no audio syncing issues, no lost recordings, and no worries for remote guests. Simplifying post-production and collaboration, SquadCast's patent-pending cloud-based technology is essential for podcasters producing multiple shows. It provides an alternative to recording content over video chat apps like Skype, where the recording is taking place after the audio has been sent over the internet, and you are really at the mercy of your bandwidth and the strength of your internet connection.
"SquadCast provides the ability to have your cake and eat it too. You can use technology, which is cheaper and easier to make these connections remotely. But then we are recording everybody locally so that it gets the highest sound and video quality possible, and then progressively uploading it to the cloud," Felder added.
Recently, SquadCast added a video option as well.
"We liked it just for our own experience and then validated it with other customers and creators within the community and thought that that was really helpful for building rapport, helping you and your guests kind of build that connection," said Felder.
Today's podcast was recorded on SquadCast, so listen to get an idea of the quality level.


text:
Q: Omit nth first lines in awk but keep them in output I've a tabular file composed of the tabular data and a header that I must keep along during my workflow -and that complicates everything-. I was wondering if there's some way to omit the nth first lines in the file, use awk (eg, for column filtering) and adding them again in the final output.
A possible solution (but a bit complex, I think) is to create a temporary file with the header, do awk 'NR>10 {command}' and after add the the header again... something like this:
head -10 file > header_tmp.txt
awk 'NR>10 {$5 ~ /\//; print}' file | cat header_tmp.txt - > final_file

Maybe there's another more tricky solution ?

A: With awk, you can use NR keyword and do something like this :
awk 'NR<50{print}NR>=50{<code for lines >=50>}'

or
awk 'NR<50{print;next;}{<codes for lines >=50>}'

Example : I want to keep the 3 first lines, sum values for the others.
Input :
Hello World1
Hello World2
Hello World3
1;2;3;4
5;6;7;8

Code :
awk -F';' 'NR<4{print;next}{result=0;for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){result += $i}; print result}' test.txt

Result :
Hello World1
Hello World2
Hello World3
10
26

Easier with the example you provided :
awk -F\; 'NR<=10;(NR>10)&&($5 ~ /\//)' file

will print first ten lines and all the other lines where $5 satisfies /\//

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Is there a way to prevent ray.init() from hanging when using Python on Apple silicon (the M1 Max)? So I am trying to run ray[rllib] in a Jupyter notebook (in a Miniforge virtual environment) on Apple silicon (the M1 Max).  Although I can import ray normally into the notebook, the very next step (of running ray.init()) causes the notebook to hang.  No error is returned--ray.init() never completes.  Is there a fix for this?
This is my first time using Ray.  I don't think the notebook or the commands I am entering is the issue because the notebook came pre-made from an instructor, and I have managed to get an identical notebook to run normally in a Miniforge environment on Windows 10.
I followed advice from developers at Ray M1 Mac (Apple Silicon) Support to install Miniforge for the M1 and create a virtual environment.  I also leveraged this thread What is the proper way to install TensorFlow on Apple M1 in 2022 to devise a strategy for installing applications I need for a reinforcement learning application.  Here are the contents of an environment.yml file I used to set up the Miniforge virtual environment:
name: tf-metal
channels:
  - apple
  - conda-forge
dependencies:
  - python=3.9
  - gym-all=0.21.0
  - pip
  - tensorflow-deps

  ## uncommented for use with Jupyter
  - ipykernel

  ## PyPI packages
  - pip:
    - jupyterlab
    - ray[rllib]==1.11
    - tensorflow-macos
    - tensorflow-metal

The steps I used in Terminal for creating the virtual environment were these:
# Download Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh and make it executable:
chmod u+x ./Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh

# run Miniforge
./Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh
# (or update it) ./Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh -u

# accept terms and conditions...
# run 'conda init' by entering 'yes'
# configure conda (then close and reopen Terminal):
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
# confirm '~/.bash_profile' reflects miniforge settings
# good-to-go...

# set up virtual environment
conda create --name rl_course2  # (choose any name you want)
# confirm acceptability of location (enter 'yes')
# activate env:
conda activate rl_course2
# configure channels (settings recommended by an instructor)
conda config --env --add channels conda-forge
conda config --env --set channel_priority strict
# install dependencies using environment.yml file shown above:
conda env update --name rl_course2 --file '/Users/.../environment.yml'
# check output for errors...(none found via text search)

So I created the virtual environment and installed all the dependencies with no errors, as far as I could tell:
Successfully installed MarkupSafe-2.1.1 PyWavelets-1.4.1 Send2Trash-1.8.0 absl-py-1.3.0 anyio-3.6.2 argon2-cffi-21.3.0 argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0 astunparse-1.6.3 async-timeout-4.0.2 attrs-22.1.0 babel-2.11.0 beautifulsoup4-4.11.1 bleach-5.0.1 cachetools-5.2.0 certifi-2022.9.24 cffi-1.15.1 charset-normalizer-2.1.1 click-8.1.3 contourpy-1.0.6 cycler-0.11.0 defusedxml-0.7.1 dm-tree-0.1.7 fastjsonschema-2.16.2 filelock-3.8.0 flatbuffers-22.10.26 fonttools-4.38.0 gast-0.4.0 google-auth-2.14.1 google-auth-oauthlib-0.4.6 google-pasta-0.2.0 grpcio-1.43.0 idna-3.4 imageio-2.22.4 importlib-metadata-5.0.0 ipython-genutils-0.2.0 jinja2-3.1.2 json5-0.9.10 jsonschema-4.17.1 jupyter-server-1.23.3 jupyterlab-3.5.0 jupyterlab-pygments-0.2.2 jupyterlab-server-2.16.3 keras-2.10.0 keras-preprocessing-1.1.2 kiwisolver-1.4.4 libclang-14.0.6 markdown-3.4.1 matplotlib-3.6.2 mistune-2.0.4 msgpack-1.0.4 nbclassic-0.4.8 nbclient-0.7.0 nbconvert-7.2.5 nbformat-5.7.0 networkx-2.8.8 notebook-6.5.2 notebook-shim-0.2.2 oauthlib-3.2.2 opt-einsum-3.3.0 pandas-1.5.1 pandocfilters-1.5.0 pillow-9.3.0 prometheus-client-0.15.0 pyasn1-0.4.8 pyasn1-modules-0.2.8 pycparser-2.21 pyrsistent-0.19.2 pytz-2022.6 pyyaml-6.0 ray-1.11.0 redis-4.3.5 requests-2.28.1 requests-oauthlib-1.3.1 rsa-4.9 scikit-image-0.19.3 sniffio-1.3.0 soupsieve-2.3.2.post1 tabulate-0.9.0 tensorboard-2.10.1 tensorboard-data-server-0.6.1 tensorboard-plugin-wit-1.8.1 tensorboardX-2.5.1 tensorflow-estimator-2.10.0 tensorflow-macos-2.10.0 tensorflow-metal-0.6.0 termcolor-2.1.1 terminado-0.17.0 tifffile-2022.10.10 tinycss2-1.2.1 tomli-2.0.1 typing-extensions-4.4.0 urllib3-1.26.12 webencodings-0.5.1 websocket-client-1.4.2 werkzeug-2.2.2 wrapt-1.14.1 zipp-3.10.0

Last step (while working in the rl_course2 environment) using Terminal:  launch Jupyter...
(rl_course2) MacBook-Pro ~$ jupyter notebook

Now, in the Jupyter/Python notebook (Chrome browser):
import ray   # works!
ray.init()   # never completes (no errors)!

So I tried similar steps in the same environment using Terminal (no notebook):
(rl_course2) MacBook-Pro ~$ python3
Python 3.9.15 | packaged by conda-forge | (main, Nov 22 2022, 08:48:25)
[Clang 14.0.6 ] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow
>>> import ray
>>> ray.init()
[no errors, but never completes]

Is there a way to fix this and run Ray normally in my Jupyter environment?
Update 1:  Just now, I was able to run the simple TensorFlow test script recommended by Apple (see Get started with tensorflow-metal) using the virtual environment discussed above, and five epochs of training completed with no errors in about two minutes on an M1 Max with 64 GB of memory, so the environment appears to be working fine.  Perhaps the issue involves Ray?

A: I have found one of possibly several answers to my question.  Changing the environment.yml file (described above) slightly to import ray[rllib] rather than ray[rllib]==1.11 enabled Jupyter notebook to run ray.init() normally and execute the remainder of the code in the notebook.  It appears there was a bug in ray[rllib] version 1.11 that prevented ray.init() from running on the M1 Max under some circumstances.
So to summarize: to overcome a hang involving ray.init() on Apple Silicon (M1 Max), I was able to solve it by modifying the environment.yml file to this:
name: tf-metal
channels:
  - apple
  - conda-forge
dependencies:
  - python=3.9
  - gym-all=0.21.0
  - pip
  - tensorflow-deps

  ## uncommented for use with Jupyter
  - ipykernel

  ## PyPI packages
  - pip:
    - jupyterlab
    - ray[rllib]
    - tensorflow-macos
    - tensorflow-metal

I subsequently created a Miniforge environment using the procedure described above.  Python version 3.9.15 and Ray version 2.1.0 were installed in the notebook automatically, and the notebook ran normally on the M1 Max.
Update (12/09/2022):  I recently learned from another source in the community that the following environment.yml is also effective for installing a stable version of Ray (1.11.0) with Gym (0.21.0) and TensorFlow (2.10.0) on Apple Silicon using the Miniforge environment described above.  Using this enviornment.yml will omit tensorflow-metal so your GPUs may not be employed explicitly, however Ray will likely work smoothly with Gym environments and TensorFlow.
dependencies:
  - python=3.9
  - gym-all=0.21.0
  - grpcio=1.43.0
  - pip
  - pip:
      - jupyterlab
      - ray[rllib]==1.11
      - tensorflow-macos==2.10.0


text:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.markwatson</groupId>
    <artifactId>deeplearning</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>deeplearning
    </name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
    </properties>
    <repositories>
    </repositories>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.nd4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>nd4j-x86</artifactId>
            <version>0.4-rc3.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.deeplearning4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>deeplearning4j-nlp</artifactId>
            <version>0.4-rc3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.deeplearning4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>deeplearning4j-ui</artifactId>
            <version>0.4-rc3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.deeplearning4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>deeplearning4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>0.4-rc3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jblas</groupId>
            <artifactId>jblas</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.4</version>
        </dependency> -->
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The artists have taken their live coding online in improvised live streaming sets, while on stage they brought their collaboration "Generative Cinemato-Graphic" to MUTEK MX, performing among art installations in the expanse of former steel factory La Fabrica.
CNDSD & Iván Abreu have carved an avant-garde audiovisual niche into the brief recent history of live coding, using programming languages to make style-spanning ambient techno and IDM and in real time and in constant dialogue with evocative visuals.
Malitzin Cortés began using code to create generative visuals while she was studying architecture at Mexico City's UNAM and ENSAP-La Villette Paris. Her curiosity led her to courses in open source audio synthesis software SuperCollider—soon she was creating her own digital instruments and sounds while incorporating live coding into the mix. Now she teaches and gives talks on live coding, generative architecture and audiovisual narratives. Her current multimedia practice spans disciplines and technologies: live coding, algorithmic music, expanded cinema, installation, 3D animation, generative art, sound design, experimental music and sound art. As CNDSD, she creates granular ambient environments of hypnotic noise and drone, breakcore and choral melody. Interdisciplinary artist Iván Abreu expands the poetic and political possibilities of visual art with scientific and technological processes. Among his sound sculptures and audio installations, he's created turntable-inspired sound pieces and large-scale installations such as Alarm, which arranged sheet metal alongside a roadway to sequence the sound of air as heard from a moving car. His work is included in public and private collections and he currently holds a grant from the National System of Art Creators of FONCA.
At MUTEK, CNDSD and Iván Abreu explore the poetic possibilities of live code writing for audiovisual improvisation, layering cinematic visuals with geometric patterns as their algorithmic musical structures rhythmically unfold.
Appears as part of Keychange :: Amplify.
Presented as part of the Diversities project, with the support of the Agencia Mexicana de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo, the Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores, the Consulado General de México en Montréal and the Quebec government.


text:
Wooster Team Advances to Finals at DataFest 2019
Young competitors impress academic and industry judges
By Author John HopkinsPosted on April 25, 2019
WOOSTER, Ohio – A team of five Wooster students advanced to the final round of this year's DataFest competition at Miami University, impressing an array of academic and industry judges with their research, analytical, and presentation skills. A second Wooster team narrowly missed making the cut-off.
DataFest is a program of the American Statistical Association that takes place at sites across the country in April and early May, in which "teams of undergraduates work around the clock to find and share meaning in a large, rich, and complex data set." This was just the second year that Wooster participated, and the two squads—the Tartan Team and the Black and Gold Team—went up against three dozen other teams from four schools: Xavier University, Bowling Green State University, Northern Kentucky University, and host Miami. Seven of Wooster's 10 competitors were sophomores, one was a junior, and two were seniors. Only one, senior Mierkamil Mijiti, competed last year.
In addition to their relative youth, the Wooster teams were notable for the diversity of their backgrounds and academic interests. That was intentional, according to Drew Pasteur, associate professor of mathematics and computer science, who accompanied the students to the competition. Each team had a mix of statistical, computer science, economics, and social science background and knowledge, and "it was clear that they got each other thinking through the course of the weekend."
Paige Clay, a sophomore political science and Africana studies double major, and member of the team that advanced to the finals, agreed. "We were all different in our thinking and approach, which made us stronger," she said. "It was nice working with people outside my discipline, seeing how they think."
The basic structure of DataFest is straightforward. On Friday afternoon, the teams are presented with a large, complex set of data, some information about the organization providing it, and a fiendishly open-ended challenge: do something useful with it. By Sunday morning, they need to be ready to present their results to a panel of judges, including representatives from the client organization. The competitions are still going on around the country, so neither the organization nor the nature of the data can be revealed.
"You could have done an entire I.S., or even a Ph.D. dissertation, on this data set," Pasteur said. "To make something of it in less that 48 hours is a real tall task."
Alayt Isaak, a math major and studio art minor, said her team began by bouncing ideas off one another about how to extract useful insights from the data. "Once you have an idea of where you want to go, you can think about what mathematical modelling techniques can be used to get there. You think you have a lot of time, but you don't. You need to know when to stop with one part and get on to the next."
Clay agreed. "With such a large data set, there are so many angles you can take. We spent five or six hours just on that part.'
The members of the Tartan Team were:
Rita Chiboub '21, a global and international studies major from Fes, Morocco
Angela Danso Gyane '21, a history and political science major from Woodbridge, Va.
Alayt Issak '21, a mathematics major and studio art minor from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Mierkamil Mijiti '19, a computer science and mathematics major from Urimqi, China
Brett Stern '21, a mathematics and business economics major from Livonia, Mich.
The members of the Black and Gold Team were:
Tianyi Cai '20, a mathematics major from Shanghai, China
Raghu Choudhary '19, an economics major from Kolkata, India
Paige Clay '21, a political science and Africana studies major from Denver, Colo.
Shivam KC '21, a mathematics major and computer science minor from Kathmandu, Nepal
Angelo Williams '21, a mathematics and computer science major from Ellwood, Penn.
"Our teams really shone in their creativity, their presentation skills, and their ability to frame and contextualize the problem," Pasteur said. "Exactly the things you would expect liberal arts students to do well."
Previous Previous post: Eleventh Annual Community Science Day Scheduled for April 27
Next Next post: Wooster Senior Research Symposium 2019


text:
By nphospitality | Featured, Marriott, News, Opening | No Comments
By nphospitality | Marriott, Opening | No Comments
Ever since the May 2013 opening of Music City Center, Nashville has become a hotbed of ambitious hotel development that shows no signs of slowing. Every hotel brand, it seems, has put this long-time bastion of country music on its "must plant a flag" list, and that has caused the city's downtown skyline to change dramatically.
Adding frenzy to the development scene was the news this past May that the National Football League had selected Nashville as host city for the 2019 National Football League Draft, a multi-day media spectacle that is expected to draw 20,000 fans and a combined 45.4 million television and online viewers across four networks.
According to Music City, the city's destination marketing arm, 18 new hotels have opened in the last two years alone, adding 2,691 rooms to the city's inventory; and another 10 properties, representing 1,504 additional rooms, are in the pipeline.
While glittering new additions like the 533-room JW Marriott Nashville, which opened in July, and the 350-room W Nashville, scheduled to debut in 2020, might have stolen the development spotlight, that's about to change. Why? Because, the city is about to get a tri-branded Marriott hotel, the first in the country.
The country's first tri-brand Marriott hotel will open in January 2019 in downtown Nashville. The 470-room property will be home to a SpringHill Suites, a Residence Inn and an AC Hotel. It will have two separate lobbies, one for AC Hotels guests and a shared lobby for SpringHill Suites and Residence Inn customers. Guests of the three brands will share amenities, including six food and beverage outlets, a private outdoor rooftop pool and whirlpools, fire pits and cabanas and a resort-style indoor/outdoor pool bar.
They will also share more than 9,000 square feet of flexible meeting space, including a 21st-floor ballroom featuring 16-foot floor-to-ceiling windows and sweeping views of Nashville.
The property will feature five different meeting rooms as well as an outdoor terrace and a 3,200-square-foot pre-function area. The spaces offer diverse options for meetings and events, accommodating up to 465 guests for a reception or 355 for a banquet. The hotel is within walking distance of the Nashville Music City Center, Bridgestone Arena, the Country Music Hall of Fame, Schermerhorn Symphony Center, Lower Broadway, Ryman Auditorium, and Nissan Stadium – home of the Tennessee Titans.
See the original article on the Business Traveler USA website.
North Point Hospitality Hotels Receive Top Awards From Marriott International
By nphospitality | Awards, Marriott, News | No Comments
ATLANTA, GA — April 25, 2018 — The SpringHill Suites Lumberton, NC and Fairfield Inn & Suites Savannah Midtown were recently presented with top awards from Marriott International. The SpringHill Suites received a Marriott Gold Circle award for their performance in 2017 while the Fairfield Inn & Suites received a Marriott Silver Circle. This is the second year in a row the SpringHill has brought home this recognition and a first-time award for the Fairfield Inn & Suites.
The Gold Circle award is presented to the top 10% of the brand in overall Guest Satisfaction scores while the Silver Circle is awarded to the top 20% of the brand in overall Guest Satisfaction. There are currently 395 SpringHill Suites by Marriott hotels in the company and more than 900 Fairfield hotels. Read More
From Left to Right: Felton Clark, General Manager SpringHill Suites Lumberton, NC, Homewood Suites by Hilton Savannah Historic District/Riverfront, Hotel of the Year
North Point Hospitality Announces 2017 Executive Of The Year and Hotel Of The Year
By nphospitality | Awards, Hilton, Marriott, News | No Comments
ATLANTA, GA — January 30, 2018 — North Point Hospitality Group, Inc. is pleased to announce industry veteran, Felton Clark, as their 2017 Executive of the Year. Felton first joined the company in February 2002 and has since served in many roles to include his current position as General Manager of the SpringHill Suites by Marriott in Lumberton, NC. Read More
First row from left to right: Joseph Pella, Senior VP Commercial Real Estate Banking (Suntrust Bank); Joe Carrillo, Senior VP Marriott Select Brands Franchise Operations; Jay Patel, CEO & President North Point Hospitality; Whip Triplett, EVP North Point Hospitality; Gary Womack, Managing Principal Acumen Development Partners; Mike Beckum, Senior VP Commercial Real Estate Banking (Suntrust Bank); Eric Jacobs, Chief Development Officer North America Marriott Select Brands
North Point Hospitality Celebrates Topping Out on First Tri-Branded Marriott Hotel in US
By nphospitality | Development, Featured, Marriott, News | No Comments
NASHVILLE, Tenn. – (September 28, 2017) – North Point Hospitality, an Atlanta based hotel development and management company, celebrated the topping out of the first tri-branded Marriott hotel in the US yesterday afternoon with a private ceremony. Key leaders and executives from Marriott International, Inc., SunTrust Commercial Real Estate, the construction lender, & North Point Hospitality were in attendance.
North Point Hospitality Nashville Tri-Brand Hotel Feature
By nphospitality | Development, Marriott, News, Uncategorized | No Comments
The first of its kind, this triple-brand Marriott hotel will combine a full service brand with two limited service hotels. It should be noted that Marriott already has over 50 dual branded properties with another 90 approved for construction. The developer for this project is North Point Hospitality out of Atlanta.
SpringHill Suites by Marriott Lumberton, NC Receives Top Awards From Marriott International
LUMBERTON, NC — April 13, 2017 — The SpringHill Suites by Marriott Lumberton, NC was recently presented with two awards at the 2017 Marriott Select Brands GM Conference for their performance in 2016. The hotel received a Marriott Gold Circle award in addition to receiving the Top Cleanliness Suite award.
North Point Hospitality Opens 146-Room Fairfield Inn & Suites by Marriott in Savannah, Georgia
By nphospitality | Development, Marriott, News, Opening | No Comments
Savannah, GA– November 4, 2016 – The 146-room Fairfield Inn & Suites by Marriott in Savannah, Georgia is now open with its smart, inventive public space and guest room design, and its bright and inviting décor. Located at 5801 Abercorn Street, the eight story, urban high rise Fairfield Inn & Suites Savannah Midtown with an adjacent eight story parking deck, will operate as a Marriott franchise, owned and managed by North Point Hospitality an award-winning hotel development and management company based in Atlanta, Georgia. This is the newest Fairfield Inn & Suites in the area to feature the brand's new design and décor, which enhance the guest experience through flexible features, and a warm and welcoming environment.
North Point Hospitality Featured in Hotel Business Magazine
By nphospitality | Development, Marriott, News | No Comments
North Point Hospitality's tri-branded Marriott hotel, currently under construction in Nashville, TN, was recently featured in Hotel Business magazine. To read the full article, click the link below.


text:
NFLNFL Subscribe:
Michael Thomas on why Colin Kaepernick should be back in NFL
By Peter KingJul 13, 2020, 12:11 AM EDT
Peter King is on vacation until July 20, and he lined up some guest writers to fill his Monday spot on Football Morning in America. Today, it's Michael Thomas, who plays safety for the Houston Texans.
Three months into the 2016 season—my friend Colin Kaepernick's last in the NFL—the 49ers came to Miami for a game. The Niners were 1-9. We were 6-4 and headed for the playoffs. I entered the NFL on San Francisco's practice squad in 2012; by 2016, I was in my fourth season playing safety for the Dolphins, and I took the field that afternoon in south Florida knowing our biggest priority on defense was to stop Kap.
In the last four years, Kap's been blackballed from the NFL and has become an international hero for the oppressed. I'll get to that subject in a moment, but I want to express what a great player he was when he last played, and why I believe he absolutely must have the chance to get his job in the NFL back. Now.
The pressure on Kap that hot afternoon was enormous. We had won five games in a row. Though he was a great player, he was getting a lot of attention for other reasons. Kap started protesting during the National Anthem that preseason, to draw attention to systemic racism and police brutality, first sitting during the anthem and later kneeling. Eric Reid joined him in San Francisco. It was not a popular stance with the public. Kenny Stills, a wide receiver on our team, and I joined in solidarity in Miami so during the anthem before that game, while I was kneeling, I could look across the field and see Kap doing the same.
That feeling was monumental. We were getting nothing from the league, no statement of support, no willingness to back the players. There was more tension that day, because Kap had previously worn a T-shirt with a photo of a meeting between Fidel Castro and Malcolm X. In south Florida, with such a large Cuban population, anything pro-Castro does not go over well. So that was a massive thing for the Miami media, and he had a heated discussion with a reporter from the Miami Herald during a mid-week press conference that got a lot of attention. That game had extra juice before we lined up on Sunday.
Kap played an incredible game. It might have been his last truly great game in the NFL. He threw for 296 yards and three touchdowns and he had his last 100-yard rushing game in the league, with 113 yards on the ground. We were up 31-24 but they had first and goal at the six-yard line with five seconds left and Kap was looking to get them into the end zone, tie the game and send us to overtime. He got the snap and tried to run it in, and for a minute it looked like he was going to do it. But he got tackled by Ndamukong Suh and Kiko Alonso at the two-yard line, and that was the game.
We rushed the field, we were celebrating, and I remember being mad at myself afterwards because by the time we were done with all that, I'm pretty sure Kap was off the field, and we didn't get to chop it up. Obviously, I was glad we won. When I'm playing against Kap, when I'm playing against anyone, I'm trying to make my plays and win the game as my absolute first priority. But at the same time, Kap's my guy, and I want him to ball. And I was really happy that he balled, because there was absolutely nothing negative anyone could say about that game. We know the added pressure that came with us taking a knee. If you give them any excuse, they'll tear you down and demand you get cut. You're just a distraction.
That season was life-changing for me. Following the back-to-back unjust murders of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling in the summer of 2016, I knew I had to do something. I was done with t-shirts and hashtags. I was ready to fight, because this was bigger than me. I had zero guarantees in my contract at the time. Miami could cut me at any point and not owe me a thing, not even owe me a goodbye.
I had to make a decision. My parents always raised me to be a leader, to take a stand for what was right regardless of potential punishment, but even they were scared. My wife Gloria and I prayed about it. Here's what it came down to: If I say that I care about my people, if I say that I care about the Black community, I needed to do something. My daughter would be watching.
To be honest, I had no idea what exactly that something was going to be. Until I saw Colin Kaepernick kneel during the National Anthem. When I heard why he was protesting, that he was fighting against systemic oppression and police brutality, it was an incredible moment of clarity.
Kenny, who has conviction like no other, said to me, "Mike, that's what we need to do." Players across the league were having conversations about locking arms, raising fists, but we knew that would distract from the message and allow it to be co-opted. We had to kneel in solidarity with Kap, and we had to have that conviction to know that even if we were going to get bashed, we were in it with our brothers. In our hearts, we knew it was the right thing to do.
In 2016, Colin Kaepernick woke me up.
I pray that we figure out a way to make this NFL season work safely amidst the coronavirus pandemic. I'm a vice president on the board of directors of the NFL Players Association, and we're talking about that right now. If and when it does, I have no doubt that we'll hear any number of statements and sentiments from the teams, from the league and from Roger Goodell about racial injustice, about Black Lives Matter, about making change. We're already hearing them now. Great. It's the middle of July. But I don't think any player will really believe the sentiments of the NFL if Colin Kaepernick doesn't have a job in the league this season.
When I initially spoke with Peter King about writing this column, he wanted to know if I might propose a creative solution to make that job happen for Kap. I said no. The NFL created this problem. The NFL has to solve it. It's not my job to do that. If the league really feels like it's going to back the players when it comes to ending racism, Colin should have a job. That's the only way that the Black community and the players are going to truly believe the NFL is serious about what they say. Otherwise, people will always reference what you did to your own. You have to look in the mirror and clean your own house first.
Like I said, I've played against Colin, and he's a winning quarterback. He wasn't winning the last time we faced each other, but he's proven he can compete, and he's taken his team to the Super Bowl. People love to talk about how long Colin has been out the game, how hard it might be for him to get back to that NFL level. But I know he's been working and staying in shape. That's different than actually playing, and I don't know if his first role when he comes back will be the starting quarterback for a team. But I know for a fact that of all the backup quarterbacks on a roster right now, he'd be one of the best, if not the best. And probably better than some of the second-tier starters.
Read more from Football Morning in America here.
Super Bowl 2023: What to know about national anthem, pregame performers ahead of Super Bowl LVII
By Annie CoryJan 26, 2023, 11:00 AM EST
Super Bowl LVII is inching closer, and while we may not yet know which two teams will take the field, we do know which performers will take the stage.
The NFL revealed on Jan. 24 that Chris Stapleton, Babyface, Tony Kotsur, Sheryl Lee Ralph and others will take part in the Super Bowl pregame festivities, completing the list of entertainers that will perform in the southwest.
Super Bowl LVII will take place on Feb. 12 at 6:30 p.m. EST. See below for the full list of performers that will be present at the big game.
RELATED: Click here for more information about Super Bowl LVII
Who is singing the Super Bowl national anthem?
Chris Stapleton will be performing the national anthem at State Farm Stadium on Super Bowl Sunday. The country music star is an 8x Grammy, 15x Country Music and 10x Academy of Country Music Award winner.
Born and raised in Kentucky, Stapleton spent years in Nashville as a songwriter before debuting his solo album, Traveller, in 2015. The album, best known for its No. 1 hit "Tennessee Whiskey", propelled Stapleton to stardom, sweeping the Country Music Awards and eventually going platinum. Since then, Stapleton has released three other albums, the latest entitled Starting Over, which debuted in 2020.
RELATED: Ranking the most memorable Super Bowl national anthems of all time
Who else is performing during the Super Bowl pregame?
Babyface, Sheryl Lee Ralph and Tony Kotsur, among other performers, will take the field during the pregame ceremonies of Super Bowl LVII.
The 12-time Grammy-Award winner Babyface will perform "America the Beautiful" prior to kickoff. The 64-year-old recording artist, songwriter and producer has had 125 Top 10 hits, 44 No. 1 R&B hits and 16 No. 1 pop hits.
Emmy, Critics Choice and Independent Spirit award winning actress Ralph will perform "Lift Every Voice and Sing." Ralph is best known for her role in the hit comedy series "Abbott Elementary", a part which earned her the distinction of being both a 2023 Golden Globe nominee and Critics' Choice Award winner. The 66-year old Connecticut native also won an Emmy for "Abbott Elementary" this past September.
RELATED: Who performed at the Super Bowl 2022?
Kotsur is also make an appearance in the Super Bowl pregame, performing the national anthem in American Sign Language on behalf of the National Association of the Deaf. The Arizona native has broken boundaries in the entertainment world, becoming the first deaf man to win an Academy Award for acting this past year. His part as the character of Frank Rossi in the movie "CODA" is what earned Kostur the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor.
Joining Kostur at the Super Bowl is two other deaf performers, as Colin Denny will perform "America the Beautiful" in ASL and Justina Miles will sign "Lift Every Voice and Sing" as well as the halftime show in ASL.
Who is performing at halftime of Super Bowl 2023?
On February 12, 2023, Apple Music announced that singer and entrepreneur Rihanna will headline the inaugural Apple Music Super Bowl Halftime Show. The telecast will be produced by DPS with Roc Nation and Jesse Collins serving as executive producers, and Hamish Hamilton serving as director.
First entering the pop music scene in 2007 with her first album Music of the Sun, Rihanna has since dominated the industry, garnering 14 number-one Billboard songs from her eight albums. The Barbados native has sold over 200 million records and won eight Grammy awards. She has also proven to be a successful entrepreneur, launching her cosmetics brand Fenty Beauty in 2017 and clothing line Savage X Fenty in 2018.
How to watch the Super Bowl 2023
When: Sunday, February 12, 2023
Kickoff time: 6:30 p.m. ET (3:30 p.m. PT)
Where: State Farm Stadium in Glendale, Arizona
TV Channel: FOX
Follow along with ProFootballTalk and NBC Sports for NFL news, updates, scores and more
Check out ProFootballTalk for more on the 2023 NFL Playoffs as well as game previews, picks, recaps, news, rumors and more.
How to watch San Francisco 49ers vs Philadelphia Eagles: Live stream info, start time for Sunday's NFC Championship Game
By Mary OmatigaJan 26, 2023, 9:00 AM EST
It's the San Francisco 49ers vs Philadelphia Eagles this Sunday, January 29 as the two teams go head-to-head in the NFC Championship game. Kickoff time is at 3:00 p.m. ET. See below for additional information on how to watch Sunday's game.
RELATED: 2023 NFL Playoffs Schedule – Bracket, game dates, times and TV networks for Conference Championships and more
San Francisco 49ers:
The San Francisco 49ers look to win their first Lombardi Trophy since the 1994 season and they could likely do it with third string QB Brock Purdy, who will become the fifth rookie quarterback in NFL history to start a conference championship game this Sunday. Purdy, who was the very last pick in the 2022 NFL Draft, moved up the depth chart after Trey Lance sustained a season-ending ankle injury in Week 2 and Jimmy Garoppolo broke his foot in Week 13.
RELATED: 49ers Super Bowl history – When is the last time San Francisco made it to, won the Super Bowl?
The 49ers pulled off a 19-12 victory over the Dallas Cowboys in last weekend's divisional round marking the team's 12th straight win. Additionally, this will be the third time in 4 years that San Francisco has reached the NFC Championship game. Purdy finished 19-of-29 for 214 yards in the win. RB Christian McCaffrey had 16 touches for 57 yards while TE George Kittle had five catches for 95 yards.
RELATED: Brock Purdy, Jalen Hurts met in a 2019 college football classic
When was the last time 49ers made it to the Super Bowl?
The 49ers most recent Super Bowl appearance was in 2019 when they lost to the Kansas City Chiefs 31-20.
RELATED: 2023 NFL Playoffs – What to know about SF QB Brock Purdy Ahead of NFC Championship game
Philadelphia Eagles:
The Philadelphia Eagles delivered a crushing 38-7 blow to the New York Giants last Saturday, clinching their first NFC Championship berth since 2017. QB Jalen Hurts, who has been nursing a right shoulder injury sustained in Week 15, finished 16-of-24 for 154 passing yards and two touchdowns in the win. After the game Eagles head coach Nick Sirianni compared Hurts' impact to NBA legend Michael Jordan.
RELATED: Eagles Super Bowl history – When is the last time Philadelphia made it to, won the Super Bowl?
"To have him out there is like — I know this is high praise, but to have him out there is like having — I shouldn't even go there — it's like having Michael Jordan out there. He's your leader. He's your guy. Hopefully that's the biggest respect I can pay to him comparing his ability to being on the field to a Michael Jordan type. This guy leads. He brings this calmness to the entire team. He plays great football. He's as tough as they come. Yeah, I mean, to me, nobody has played any better football than him this year."
The Eagles' defense took care of business on Saturday with five sacks on Giants QB Daniel Jones improving to a total of 75 sacks in all regular and postseason games this season which is the third-most in NFL history.
RELATED: 2023 NFL Playoffs AFC, NFC Championship Round Schedule – Dates, start times, how to watch/live stream info for Sunday's games
When was the last time the Eagles made it to the Super Bowl?
The Eagles last Super Bowl appearance was in 2017 when they defeated the New England Patriots 41-33.
How to watch San Francisco 49ers vs Philadelphia Eagles:
Where: Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
When: Sunday, January 29
Start Time: 3:00 p.m. ET
What time is kickoff for the San Francisco 49ers vs Philadelphia Eagles game?
Kickoff is at 3:00 p.m. ET.
Conference Championship Round Schedule:
NFC Championship Game:
San Francisco 49ers vs Philadelphia Eagles – 3:00 p.m. ET on Fox
AFC Championship Game:
Cincinnati Bengals vs Kansas City Chiefs – 6:30 p.m. ET on CBS
Where: Arrowhead Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri
RELATED: What to know about Super Bowl 2023: Date, location, halftime performance info, and much more


If you talk with any decent human being that has Facebook page, you cannot mention word reach. Well you can but the response you will see won't be nice. Trust me. I know what I am talking about. It is really controversial thing you can talk about. And bigger you are the problem grows along. Really Facebook reach is designed to make money. Not satisfied your desires for huge audience. Well you can have huge audience but you must have a lot of money. Because to boost your reach you can pay for it. And that works quite well. It makes humble few percent of Facebook total revenue but it is more than most of us can make in a lifetime. I don't like this problem of Facebook reach.


A ceremony at the Boston Hope Lodge was attended by several family members and friends of Cathy & Rosemarie, to present the final installment of our pledge. Through bittersweet tears, we realized our goal. A goal which could not be reached without the help of those who knew and loved Cathy & Rosemarie. For that we are forever grateful.
But our work is not over. We intend to continue our support of the Hope Lodge through volunteer work and additional fund raising. We hope that you will also continue to help in any way you can.
With love and respect, we thank you again for all you have done and continue to do for the Celebrate Life Foundation.


The second module of the Portuguese Spelling Course for Foreign Singers began on 19th January 2016.
Weekly lessons are scheduled on Tuesdays, from 14:00 to 16:00, at the facilities of this consular Section, and the course will finish on 8th March 2016.
André Maia is coordinating the lessons. The entrance is free.


You possibly can keep away from surgery or different medical procedures, and remove moles and skin tags painlessly at residence, using castor oil and baking soda.
Whereas I would naturally dispute that conclusion (I both do not believe that human life is the equivalent of widgets rolling off an assembly line and am aware that many an assembly line worker demonstrates a better morality than some members of the medical group), I might posit that the general acceptance of that sort of medical morality would call for automatic levying of medical malfeasance or, perhaps more appropriately, murder prices ought to a doctor's or medical facility's record show a detrimental correlation between wealth/insurance coverage-possessed and affected person mortality.
If you're a healthcare worker, be the very best you may be. In the event you do not know something, speak up and find someone that does. And, don't give power to the actual fact others might put you down for asking. Share information; search data; it is all about doing one of the best for every affected person. If our patient is safe, we are safe.
The conceived baby is a life in and of itself; this is something that's fundamental to very many individuals, and I actually am inclined to agree. Moreover, abortion strategies, or these employed to induce miscarriage, are sometimes bloody, brutal, and downright harmful. One solely needs to see the gory picture of a dismembered, newly-aborted fetus to understand that sure, the tip result of abortion is dying. And given the legal framework that we within the Philippines work inside, the relevant provisions in our Penal Code (Articles 256-259) are Constitutionally sound.
However with the possibilities come a bunch of challenges, one of them oddly bourgeois in nature: Researchers will soon find themselves awash in genetics information to the extent that they will have a troublesome time managing it and using it to make choices. Enter Tute, a platform designed to assist these and other potential audiences make better and faster sense of the knowledge that can soon be obtainable.


NEW PRICE!! Original owner! End unit with lots of natural light. Private fenced-in patio. Move-in ready with potential for your personal updates. Open floor-plan with wood floors on main level. Low HOA dues. Building has new roof. New garbage disposal. Short distance to Pacific University.
All information deemed reliable but not guaranteed. All properties are subject to prior sale, change or withdrawal. Neither listing broker(s) or information provider(s) shall be responsible for any typographical errors, misinformation, misprints and shall be held totally harmless. Listing(s) information is provided for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Information on this site was last updated 4/21/2019 5:16:35 AM. The listing information on this page last changed on 4/21/2019 5:16:35 AM. The data relating to real estate for sale on this website comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange program of RMLS (last updated 4/21/2019 5:16:35 AM) or Willamette Valley MLS (last updated 4/21/2019 5:16:35 AM). Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than RE/MAX Equity Group may be marked with the Internet Data Exchange logo and detailed information about those properties will include the name of the listing broker(s) when required by the MLS.


I have many that I love, but if I had to choose a favorite from among them, it would be Walter Moseley. I fell in love with "Devil in a Blue Dress" from his Easy Rawlins Mystery series, which was adapted into a movie starring my Hollywood boyfriend, Denzel Washington as Easy, and my other Hollywood boyfriend, Don Cheadle as Mouse, because the writing was so crisp and his stories so colorful. Processing the stories Moseley writes about pre-civil rights era Los Angeles through my vivid imagination became like an addiction for me. I couldn't get enough of this world he'd created and these wonderfully drawn characters, particularly the fact that they looked like me, and I could relate to situations they found themselves in.
There are people out there who believe they have the right to vilify you for writing a fictional account of a controversial subject matter. This is censorship at its worse. Criticize me for my writing, the technical parts of it, not for my subject matter. Just because I choose to write about something, it doesn't mean that I've lived it, or that it's my true world view. It is called fiction for a reason.
I love the old R&B versions of Christmas Songs, and those brought into the mainstream by R&B musicians: "This Christmas" by Donnie Hathaway, "Merry Christmas, Baby," by Otis Redding, "Santa Clause Go Straight To The Ghetto," by James Brown and the like.


Give unfamiliar artists or genres a greater chance I hope to expand my aural comfort circle this year. Admittedly, I haven't been a real fan of rap or r&b since my Mariah Carey Music Box and Kriss Kross days, so it's time to give those genres a fairer shake. Keeping my fingers inserted into my ear canals could have prevented me from enjoying the silky Miguel record. This goes for country, too. True, today's country is practically pop, but a stroll in the bluegrass wouldn't hurt me.
Listen to at least one album per week, in full, while doing nothing else I have a moral responsibility to stop treating music as just background noise. It's time to once again experience the Album as bands intended: No breaks, in chronological order, with no distractions but whatever pictures your mind paints as you truly listen.
Play guitar at least every other day A tough personal one. As much as I love my ax (a custom Fender Strat) and am super stoked to play around with GarageBand on my new computer, I too often get the "I dunwannas." Won't help if I want to get somewhere with this passion.
No more free rides when it comes to albums This is the most significant and hardest to adhere to. Exceptions will come from press materials, but I've too long relied on streaming services - especially Spotify - to continue to sate my acoustic needs. Confession: I've probably listened to Santigold's Master of My Make Believe a good hundred times but have yet to actually purchase the album. As a music journalist, I can relate to artists' woes about not getting paid for their work (thank you, PhantEye, for being an outlet that does compensate me! You rock!). So it's hypocritical to me to devalue bands' output by not bartering with cash.
Buy directly from the source as often as possible Radiohead, Amanda Palmer and so many others have shifted the paradigm in the artist/fan relation, all but eliminating the middle man of retailers or record companies. In doing so, we can take heart that the funds are going directly to the musicians we so love. True, bands must shift the cost burden to buyers and therefore tend to charge a smidge more than those Amazon sales, but the reward is often personalized gifts (via Kickstarter and other DIY outlets) and the warmth of making sure that, as our homies at Filter magazine put it, good music will prevail.


Can you believe that it is September already? Not just September, but four days into September! Where has the time gone?! Even though the heat is still here and it still feels like summer, for Kim Starr Wise Floral Events it is starting to look like a little bit like fall.
The blogosphere is making it feel like autumn too. One of our daily blog reads, A Cup of Jo, recently featured dark red lips as a fall trend.
Today, another one of my daily reads, Coco+Kelley, featured the long anticipated photos from her blog's five-year anniversary dinner party. The photos of the party were, without a doubt, worth the wait. Cassandra put together a gorgeous affair, curated perfectly. What we would have given to be guests!
Here's a look at a few of the snapshots particularly the flower arrangements created by Seattle based floral designer McKenzie Powell.
The pictures from Cassandra's soiree reminded me of a photoshoot that we recently had at the Champagne Palace. This is one of our favorite looks and it's too bad it wasn't a real dinner party!
Kim chose her color palate to be the vibrant and bright greens of summer, and the rich jeweled tones of autumn. The texture and playfulness of the greens are contrasted by the lush and almost-ruffled purples. The perfect flowers to complement the transition from summer to fall.
Seems like everyone is getting the memo to start thinking about fall floral designing. It's fast approaching, and I can almost smell the pumpkin spice latte!
thank YOU for checking us out! let us know when you're in new orleans next!!


This beautiful pendant has small crystals surrounding the snap base ready to add any of our decorative snaps. The lower part of the pendant has several layers of chain with a center clear crystal bead and pretty Tibetan silver filigree charm.
This piece features our clip clasp at the top for easily attaching to most thinner chains or cords and can also attach to any of our interchangeable scarf bails.


The cliche saying is, a picture is worth a thousand works. And that couldn't be more true. Photography needs to be simple, yet tell a full story in a single shot, or sometimes a series.
With a professional photography knowledge, Brad Kish Design can use beautiful photography to enhance any project. And tell the story that needs to be told.
Using the right professional on site equipment to help capture the moment.
When the shoot is completed, a full online gallery is supplied for hi-res image downloads with release.
Need a photo shoot? Start here now.


DMC Perle Cotton #8 is a colorfast, mercerized, non-divisible, soft and shiny thread suitable for a variety of needlework projects. It is colorfast and able to withstand washing in high temperatures (up to 200 degrees). It is suitable for crochet, needlepoint on 18 count canvas, or on lower counts if you are seeking light coverage. Also good for hardanger, blackwork, redwork, pulled thread and other embroideries. Comes in an 80 meter (88 yard) ball.
For more information on threads, click here.


text:
Download Festival 2005: Billy Idol - 10th June 2005
Setlist: Super Overdrive / Dancin' With Myself / Flesh For Fantasy / Body Snatcher / White Wedding / Scream / Eyes Without A Face / Rat Race / World Coming Down / Ready Steady Go / Jump // Rebel Yell / Who Are You // Mony
The last time I saw Billy Idol live was 23 years ago. We were both a lot younger and, in truth, I have to admit that, in spite of his years of well-publicised excesses, he has worn a whole lot better than I have. Bastard!
Billy Idol has always possessed an air of coolness that 99.9% of us will never achieve, no matter what we do with our dull, meaningless existences. What is more, he still has it, in spades. He is a legend. Bastard!
After a 12 year absence from the UK stage, the punk icon returned at Donington to headline the first night on the Snickers stage. It could easily have gone either way. Part of me wanted his performance to be a load of shite, just so I could write that he has lost his voice, can't perform, and is old, fat and bald. You know, like David Lee Roth. But, as much as it irks me, I just can't do that. Billy is a true star with so much on-stage personality and charisma that you have to suspect he has, at some point in the past, had a midnight rendezvous down at the crossroads, and I'm not talking about the motel, either. And, if you understood that last reference, you are old too! Even as a man, I have to say that he is bloody sexy too. His entire persona, his well-maintained body and his voice, which is still as strong as ever, all ooze sexiness, which the ladies in the audience obviously appreciated in no uncertain terms.
The setlist (as far as I can remember) seamlessly covered the last two-and-a-bit decades with apparent ease, including his hits Rebel Yell and White Wedding, much to the delight of the enthusiastic audience, along with a rousing rendition of his Gen X anthem, Ready Steady Go. Some very nice new songs from his latest CD slotted in well, along with two astonishing covers, Van Halen's Jump and the Who's, Who Are You? By the time he brought the evening to an end with a storming Mony Mony, it was clear that Billy had rocked Donington, plain and simple. It was a triumphant return that surprised many, I am sure, and pleased so many more. This was definitely the unexpected bonus of the weekend and I'm just glad I was there to see it.
Although it was only 10PM as we filed out, I was absolutely shattered. The heat, the hike with all the camping gear, and the excitement of seeing Fozzy, Megadeth and Billy Idol, meant I was ready for bed. It was only when we got back to our tent that I remembered that I still had to blow up our air mattresses. Once I had figured out that the blowy-up thing actually had an inflate and deflate hole, I managed to put air into them quite quickly. I had been prepared to get quite smashed on the Volvic bottles of red wine that I had brought with me but, I was so knackered that I lay down on my bouncy bed and rapidly became unconscious, without even so much as a mouthful of sleep juice.
At the end of the first day, the God of Thunder fell into a fitful sleep.


text:
Cataract blindness in people 50 years old or older in a semirural area of northern Peru
Aguila, LP; Carrion, R; Luna, W; Silva, JC; Limburg, H; (2005) Cataract blindness in people 50 years old or older in a semirural area of northern Peru. Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 17 (5-6). 387-. ISSN 1020-4989 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/2543470
Use this permanent URL when citing or linking to this resource.
https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/2543470
Objective. To determine the prevalence of blindness and of cataract blindness in persons 50 years of age or older in Piura and Tumbes, which are two departments in northern Peru, and to describe the coverage and quality of cataract surgery services in that area, and the barriers that prevent access to those services. Methods. Systematic sampling of persons 50 years old or older was done in Piura and Tumbes between August 2002 and Marc 2003, with 80 clusters of 60 people each being selected. Of the 4 800 persons chosen, 4782 of them were examined, using a survey instrument that gathered general information on each person, the results of the visual acuity test and the lens examination, and information on cataract surgery or why that surgery had not been done. Visual acuity (VA) testing was done with a Snellen optotype with the letter "E," with sizes of 20/60 and 20/200 at distances of 6 m and 3 m, respectively, with the person using the visual correction (glasses) available. When the VA was less than 20/60 in one of the eyes, vision was tested with pinhole glasses. Results. The prevalence of bilateral blindness (VA < 20/400) due to cataract, adjusted by age and sex, was 2.1% (95% confidence interval (0): 1.7% to 2.6%). Among the 193 persons with bilateral blindness due to any cause, cataract was the cause in 104 of them (53.9%). The prevalence of blindness due to cataract or other causes increased with age and was higher in women than in men. Only 25% of the persons studied who needed cataract surgery had had that done. The prevalence of bilateral VA less than 20/200 due to unoperated cataract was 6.3% (95% CI: 5.3% to 7.3%); only 12% of the persons with that level of visual deficiency had had cataract surgery. The VA of 26% of the eyes operated on for cataract was lower than 20/200. The reasons given by persons who needed cataract surgery but who had not had it included not being able to pay for the operation (28%), lack of knowledge concerning cataracts (25%), fear of the operation (23%), and fear of completely losing their sight (17%). Conclusions. Most of the cases of blindness and of serious deficiency in visual acuity in persons 50 years old or older in Piura and Tumbes are due to uncorrected refractive defects, especially cataracts. The high prevalence of bilateral blindness due to cataracts (2.1%) could be reduced with measures that facilitate access to appropriate treatment.
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases > Dept of Clinical Research
International Centre for Eye Health


Thousands, if not millions, of Psyllids (pictured above) are to be released as part of a plan in the fight against Japanese Knotweed, according to the Daily Telegraph. These creatures, which are only the size of a grain of sand, keep the plant under control in Japan and experts are hoping that the same will happen here. Scientists assure us, after carrying out extensive tests, that they will not attack any other plants, or British wildlife.


RegFromApp is a simple PC monitoring tool that will show you the changes a program makes to your Registry, as they happen. It's very useful if, say, you're running a Windows tweaking tool and want to see what it's doing, or you're suspicious of a particular program and need to confirm that it's not changing any system settings.
To get started, just download and launch RegFromApp (no installation is required), then click File > Start New Process. Click Browse, navigate to and select the program you'd like to test, then click OK. It'll be launched and you can use it as normal.
As you work in your test program, though, RegFromApp will be running in the background, logging and displaying any Registry changes the program makes. Scroll down the list any time you like to see exactly what it's doing.
And when you've finished, click File > Save As to save the Registry log in Windows .REG format. If these are positive changes - Windows performance tweaks, say - then you can copy the REG files to other PCs, double-click it and the changes will be imported to their Registry, without having to install the original program.
?When RegFromApp fails to load a dll into the program you want to trace, it now displays the correct error code and error message of Windows.


text:
In einem Hydraulikspeicher (Hydrospeicher, Hydropneumatischer Speicher oder auch Akkumulator) wird eine Flüssigkeit unter Druck gespeichert. Beim Entladen kann hydraulische Energie abgegeben werden.

Der Flüssigkeitsdruck komprimiert ein Gas oder eine Feder bzw. hebt ein Gewicht.
Bei Volumenentnahme dehnt sich das Speichergas aus bzw. entspannt sich die Speicherfeder, wobei sich der Druck reduziert. Bei gewichtsbelasteten Speichern bleibt der Druck nahezu konstant.

Aufgaben eines Hydrospeichers sind u. a.:
 Leckagekompensation
 Volumenausgleich
 Energiespeicherung
 Notfunktion
 Pulsationsdämpfung
 Druckstoßdämpfung
 Deckung kurzzeitigen Volumenstrombedarfs
 Medientrenner (ohne Gasseite)

Ursprung

Das hydropneumatische Speicherprinzip war bereits in der Antike bekannt und wurde z. B. in der Musik beim Bau von Orgeln angewandt.

Die Erfindung der Orgel geht auf das Jahr 246 v. Chr. zurück. Ihr Erfinder war vermutlich der Ingenieur Ktesibios. Er lebte zunächst in Alexandrien, später in Aspendus. Beide Städte nehmen für sich in Anspruch, der Ort zu sein, an dem die Orgel erfunden worden ist. Die Orgel, die Ktesibios erfand hieß hydraulos, ein Wort, das aus hydor (Wasser) und aulos (oboenartiges Instrument) zusammengesetzt ist. Sie enthielt eine mit Wasser gefüllte Kolbenpumpe, einen Windkanal, eine einzige Pfeifenreihe und eine Tastatur. Das Verhältnis der Tasten, von denen es zu dieser Zeit auf der Orgel ungefähr 13 gab, war der Breite der Pfeifenabstände gleich, jede Taste war etwa handbreit. Das Niederdrücken der Tasten erforderte so viel Kraft, dass schnelles Spielen noch nicht möglich war.

Dem Prototyp des Ktesibios folgten schon bald weiterentwickelte Instrumente mit mehreren Pfeifenreihen, die sowohl einzeln als auch gemeinsam spielbar waren. Vitruv und Heron beschrieben die technischen Aspekte des Hydraulos. Er soll aus Zungenpfeifen sowie offenen und gedeckten Labialpfeifen bestanden haben. Das in der Antike kleine und transportable Instrument (Portativ) verbreitete sich schnell im gesamten hellenistischen und römischen Reich. Es wurde zu Zwecken der Hausmusik, im Theater und als Propagandainstrument eingesetzt. Im 1. Jh. n. Chr. war das Orgelspiel dergestalt verbreitet, dass in Griechenland öffentlich ausgetragene Orgelwettbewerbe durchgeführt wurden. Auch von mehreren Kaisern des römischen Reiches ist überliefert, dass sie selbst Orgel spielten und Orgelmusik in ihren Palästen erklingen ließen. Wegen der Beliebtheit der Hydraulos stellte man in Karthago kleine Öllampen im Orgeldesign her und verkaufte sie massenhaft.

Erste Hinweise auf eine mit Luft betriebene Balgorgel gibt es aus dem 2. Jh. n. Chr.

Das Instrument wurde hydraulis genannt.

Als Erfinder des modernen Hydro Blasenspeichers gilt der Franzose Jean Mercier (1901–1971). Er war bekannt als Vater des Blasenspeichers. Mercier floh während der Nazi-Invasion aus Frankreich in die USA und ließ sich schließlich in New York nieder. Nach dem Treffen mit Edward M. Greer im Jahr 1940 gründeten die beiden 1942 Greer Hydraulics, um hydraulische Flugzeugkomponenten herzustellen.

Funktion
Eine Hydraulikflüssigkeit wird unter Druck in einen mit Gas (in der Regel Stickstoff) gefüllten Druckbehälter gepresst. Die Hydraulikflüssigkeit komprimiert das Gas und steht zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt als "gespeicherte Energie" zur Verfügung.

Ein Sonderfall ist der Einsatz als Schwingungsdämpfer oder Pulsationsdämpfer und Druckstoßdämpfer (Surge damper) in Hydrauliksystemen.

Das Gas und die Hydraulikflüssigkeit werden meist durch ein Trennglied (Membrane, Elastomerblase, Kolben oder Metallbalg) voneinander getrennt. Die Trennung des Gases von der Flüssigkeit und auch ein Entweichen desselben (Permeation), vor allem bei drucklosem Hydrauliksystem, wird damit sehr stark reduziert, jedoch nicht ganz vermieden. Der Gasverlust ist im Wesentlichen vom verwendeten Elastomer der Trennmembrane, der Flüssigkeit, dem Speichergas (Molekülgröße), der Dicke der Membrane, dem Druckunterschied zwischen Gas und Flüssigkeitsseite, der Lastwechselzahl im Betrieb und der Temperatur des Speichers abhängig.  Metallbalgspeicher sind hingegen praktisch gasdicht und haben keine Permeation, da die Metallmembrane auch bei hohen Temperaturen "gasdicht" ist.

Eine andere Verwendung von Hydraulikspeichern ist der Einsatz als Medientrenner. Hierbei werden auf beiden Seiten des Hydrospeichers Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt. Das Trennglied (Kolben, Membrane, Blase) trennt die beiden meist unterschiedlichen Flüssigkeiten. Anwendung ist zum Beispiel ein Unterwasser Kompensator der den Meerwasserdruck auf ein Unterwassersystem überträgt und somit den Druck im System kompensiert. Kompensatoren am Blowout-Preventer.

Einzelne Speicher können zu Speicherbatterien zusammengeschaltet werden. Es kann so eine sehr große Energiemenge gespeichert werden (Speichervolumen auf der Hydraulikmedienseite von einigen tausend Litern, sowie einigen tausenden Litern Stickstoff auf der Gasseite unter 40–1000 bar stehend, werden gebaut). Derartige Anlagen finden in Kraftwerken und Stahlwerken, aber auch in Theatern und auf Offshoreplattformen Verwendung. Der Vorteil derartiger Anlagen ist, dass diese hohe gespeicherte Energie auch dann zur Verfügung steht, wenn keine Antriebsenergie mehr verfügbar ist (Notbetrieb). Ein weiterer Anwendungsfall ist die Bereitstellung eines kurzzeitig hohen Volumenstroms innerhalb von hydraulischen Steuerungen, z. B. bei elektrohydraulischen Regelungen. Dabei können die Pumpen-Volumenströme gering gehalten werden; es wird lediglich der im Mittel benötigte Volumenstrom gefördert. Entsprechend kann die Leistung des Antriebsaggregats gering gehalten werden, so dass ein besserer Gesamtwirkungsgrad erzielt wird. Auch verbessert sich die Wärmebilanz, so dass oft auf eine externe Kühlung des Hydraulikaggregats verzichtet werden kann.

Zur Auslegung der Speicher kann auf die Formeln der Zustandsänderungen von Gasen zurückgegriffen werden. Auslegungssoftware gibt es online oder auch auf Anfrage bei Hydac. Als Speichergas wird meist Stickstoff eingesetzt. Andere Gase bzw. Gasgemische wie Helium, CF4 oder Luft sind ebenfalls möglich.
Es existieren auch Hydrospeicher mit zusätzlicher Schaumfüllung auf der Gasseite. Der offenporige Schaum wird zusätzlich zum Gas auf der Gasseite von Blasen, (Kolben) und Membranspeichern  eingebracht. Auch nachgeschaltete Stickstofflaschen werden mit Schaum gefüllt. Ziel ist es, die Wärmekapazität der Gasseite zu erhöhen und das Speicherverhalten in Richtung isotherm zu verändern. Es sind teilweise Energieeinsparungen bis zu 30 % möglich.

Bei der  Berechnung wird oft mit idealen Gaszustandsänderungen gerechnet. Bei hohen Drücken (200–1500 bar) muss mit realem Gasverhalten gerechnet werden. Die Formeln dazu sind relativ unhandlich und führen nur bei iterativen Rechnungen zu genauen Werten für Druck-, Temperatur und Volumenänderung. Kostenlose Software stellen manche Speicherhersteller zur Verfügung.

Bauformen
Man unterscheidet mehrere Bauformen von Hydraulikspeichern:
 Membranspeicher
 Blasenspeicher
 Kolbenspeicher
 Metallbalgspeicher wartungsfrei
 Federspeicher (Sonderform von Kolbenspeichern, an Stelle eines Gases wird eine Feder vorgespannt)
 Windkessel Sonderbauform ohne Trennglied

Gesetze
Hydraulikspeicher unterliegen als Druckgerät zum Beispiel in Europa der RL 2014/68/EU Druckgeräterichtlinie, in USA dem ASME-Code. Die Auslegung nach europäischem Regelwerk kann z. B. nach DIN EN 14359 oder auch DIN EN 13445-1
erfolgen.
Der Betrieb unterliegt in Deutschland der Betriebssicherheitsverordnung
Die Geräte sind ab einer bestimmten Größe mit dem CE-Kennzeichen zu kennzeichnen.CE-Kennzeichnung. Ab 2023 sind Hydrospeicher für den Import nach UK
ab einer bestimmten Größe mit dem UKCA Zeichen zu kennzeichnen.

Weblinks

Hydraulik
Energiespeicher
Hydrospeicher

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: doxygen comment multiple variables at once If I have the following:
/**
 * @brief (x,y,z) points for block
 */
int x, y, z;

It will only generate that documentation for x, is it possible in doxygen to get it to comment all x, y and z with one comment?
EDIT
Following the suggestions of envu I now have the following (based off http://www.doxygen.nl/manual/grouping.html#memgroup)
//@{
/** some documentation here */
int x, y, z;
//@}

or
//@{
/**
 * @brief some documentation here
 */
int x, y, z;
//@}

However both of these still only document x.
Trying it with different forms I have yet to get the same documentation string to span multiple variables

A: I realize this is an old question, but I've been having a similar problem and found a workaround that doesn't exactly solve the problem but might be an acceptable substitute in certain cases.
By putting a comment above the member group block and prefixing it with the \name decorator, you get a description that shows up above all of the variables in the member group in the attributes list of the Doxygen page.  I believe this is intended to be a short description, but you can put arbitrarily long descriptions here if you wish.
This doesn't have the effect of putting the same comments in the detail field for each of the variables in the member group (the detail fields will be empty, or if you put a comment inside the member group block it will still only apply to the first variable), but it does have the effect of documenting a related group of variables together, which seems like what the original intent of the question was.
Example:
/*! \name This will be the description for the following group of variables
          It can be arbitrarily long, but the first line will show up in bold,
          and any subsequent lines will show up like a description under it
*/
//@{
int relatedVariable1;
int relatedVariable2;
char* relatedVariable3;
//@}

A: I've set the option "DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC" in the "Expert" tab. Then all the members of the group received the same comment.
//@{
/** same comment for all members */
char aaa;
char bbb;
int ccc;
//@}

A: Been banging my head on this one for a while.  Turns out you have to set DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC = YES in the configuration.

A: I would use member groups http://www.doxygen.nl/manual/grouping.html#memgroup for this. The syntax and output is a little bit different to what you want to achieve, but I think that shouldn't hurt.


text:
Empathy in Design: Measuring How Faces Make Places
By Ann Sussman, Janice M. Ward
Since 2015, Ragusa, Sicily has hosted FestiWall, an international art festival devoted to enhancing the public realm and improving citizen engagement with the modern section of an old city. The image above shows two views of a residential tower before and after FestiWall. Which one grabs your eye?
We'll guess you're drawn to the one with the art at right. Running the image through biometric software predicts you'll immediately focus on the man in the mural.
And that's what the analyses above shows. Note how the heat map, at left, which glows reddest where people look most, is on the face; the regions of interest diagram, which aggregates predicted views, indicates 98% of viewers look straight at his head. And the gaze path, at right, shows people look first at the face, then briefly away before focusing right back on it again within the first 3 to 5 seconds.
And what happens if the building remains as is, blank? Not much!
The brain directs you to ignore the building. The grey wall simply cannot get attention. Note how the heat map, above left, shows up black, with views going around it; the regions of interest diagram, in the center, makes focus shift to the sides, and the gaze path indicates people's attention moves to the street below, never once settling on the tower, even though it's directly centered before the viewer.
"The festival's main goal is to open a dialogue between urban spaces and communities using city's walls and street art as a medium," say its founders, Vincenzo Cascone and Antonio Sortino. "This could be the first step towards a new perspective and a new development of the city."
These striking efforts caught the attention of Caterina D'Amica and Isabel Gorham, students at the Boston Architectural College (BAC) who were interested in the way different murals engage the public, and which ones do so most effectively. They presented their findings, including the scenes above, last month.
"We compared and contrasted abstract FestiWall murals, with those with faces, with the original blank facades," D'Amica and Gorham said. "The most successful murals, where attention is not dispersed, are the ones containing a face, a human form, and people in general."
"Where the murals represent a person or a face, the attention is focused almost exclusively on the faces or faces," they reported, supporting the science on the face bias in human perception. "Our brain is hardwired to find them; it's a survival instinct." Blank buildings, on the other hand, are "avoidant, and the eye does not pay attention to them, our vision diverted to edges, contrast, strong colors and light," they added.
FestiWall murals are also a great example of empathy in design; the art that works best acknowledges first and foremost what we are built to see: a version of ourselves! This hidden brain architecture directs our lives including our experience of buildings and our surroundings, whether we like it or not, and it always will.
It all goes to show how to best promote empathy in design: Start with us, respecting the hidden traits that make us human.
This essay originally appeared in The Genetics of Design, a website exploring the connection between cognitive science and the built environment. All photos courtesy of The Genetics of Design.
FestiWall
Ann Sussman is an author, architect and researcher, serves as president of the non-profit, the Human Architecture + Planning Institute Inc (theHapi.org). Her latest book, Cognitive Architecture, Designing for How We Respond to the Built Environment, 2nd ed. (2021), co-authored with Justin B Hollander, features 40 images of eye-tracked architecture. More info at: annsussman.com and the blog, geneticsofdesign.com.
Janice M. Ward is a writer, designer, blogger and STEM advocate. She and Ann Sussman co-authored the cover story in Planning Magazine's 2016 June issue: using eye tracking and other biometric tools to help planners shape built environments. More info at acanthi.com and geneticsofdesign.com.


Continue to install and maintain sediment erosion control around the perimeter of the construction site.
Continue to install detention basins (temporary location to hold water during a rain event).
Continue to excavate for building footings.
Begin to form foundation footings.