THE SPANISH COCKPIT. An Eye-Witness Account of the Political and Social Conflicts of the Spanish Civil War by Franz Borkenau. Foreword by Gerald Brenan. First published 1937.
Austrian sociologist and disillusioned former Comintern official Franz Borkenau visited Republican Spain between August and September 1936, and again in January-February 1937. The account of his first-hand experiences as an independent socialist observer in revolutionary Spain, 'The Spanish Cockpit', was published in the early summer of 1937, when it impressed and influenced the recently-returned POUM miliciano George Orwell who recommended it (in a letter dated 1 August 1937) as 'an excellent book' for anyone wishing to understand Spanish affairs.
"The Spanish revolution and civil war of 1931-39 has produced an oceanic quantity of original source materials, including documentation and memoirs, along with secondary studies, seldom matched in 20th century historiography. It is a paradox of this topic that the 'history of its history' has been controversial and remains so, eight decades later.


text:
Is periodontitis a risk factor for lung cancer? A meta-analysis and detailed review of mechanisms of association
Pooja Kesharani1, Payalben Kansara2, Tikal Kansara3, Arjun Kini2, Raksha Bhat4, Preethesh Shetty4, Bapanaiah Penugonda2,
1 College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
2 New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
3 Metropolitan Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA
4 Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute Of Dental Sciences(ABSMIDS), Department of Conservative Dentistry And Endodontics, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
Dr. Raksha Bhat
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nitte (Deemed To Be University), Ab Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, Karnataka
Background: Numerous studies have explored the correlation of periodontal disease (PD) with the risk of lung cancers, but the findings were inconsistent. Therefore, we did a meta-analysis to ascertain the correlation of PD with the risk of incident lung cancer. Methods: The authors searched relevant studies in databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and MEDLINE) till November 2020. We registered the study at the International database of Prospectively Registered Systemic Reviews under the CRD42020198119. The summary relative risk (RR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed-effects models. Results: Twelve studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The pooled analysis revealed that PD was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (RR 1.71; 95%CI 1.61–1.81; P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis was performed based on gender distribution, geographic location, and type of studies. Conclusion: From this current evidence, PD is a potential risk factor for the development of lung cancer. The risk for incidence of lung cancer is surged twice in the patients with PD, even though age and smoking are controlled in the studies.
Kesharani P, Kansara P, Kansara T, Kini A, Bhat R, Shetty P, Penugonda B. Is periodontitis a risk factor for lung cancer? A meta-analysis and detailed review of mechanisms of association.Contemp Clin Dent 2022;13:297-306
Kesharani P, Kansara P, Kansara T, Kini A, Bhat R, Shetty P, Penugonda B. Is periodontitis a risk factor for lung cancer? A meta-analysis and detailed review of mechanisms of association. Contemp Clin Dent [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Jan 31 ];13:297-306
Available from: https://www.contempclindent.org/text.asp?2022/13/4/297/361981
The mouth is a mirror of the body. The most prevalent oral diseases, dental caries, and periodontal diseases (PD) are of microbial origin. More than 700 bacterial species in PD are accountable for different grades of pathogenesis toward the host. Aforesaid literature betrayed the association between PD and diabetes, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, mental disorders, and pregnancy complications.[1],[2],[3],[4],[5] Moreover, concerning evidence revealed an association between periodontitis and oral cancer, cancer of the head and neck, esophagus cancer, lung, pancreas, colorectal, breast, and hematopoietic cancer.[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12],[13] In the United States, the prevalence of periodontitis is 47.2% aged 30 years and older and 70.1% aged 65% and older.[12]
Lung cancer is a terminal illness, with a 5-year mortality rate of almost 89%, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancer deaths.[14] The American Cancer Society estimates that the risk of developing lung cancer in men is 1 in 15, whereas in women as 1 in 17 with an estimated incidence rate of 228,820 cancer cases and 135,720 deaths in 2020. Although tobacco is the foremost conviction, 53% of lung cancer cases in women worldwide are not ascribable to smoking, advocating that other factors may independently increase or modify the risk for lung cancer.[15],[16] Many cohort and case–control studies were executed since the first association between PD and lung cancer was offered and suggested genetic, microbial, and inflammatory links of pathogenesis between these two. Such connections could be due to several mechanisms: (1). Systemic spread of oral bacteria causes damage to distant organ sites, (2). Increase in systemic inflammatory mediators that initiate and promote tumorigenesis, (3). A change in host immunity by autoimmune response produced during PD.[15],[16],[17],[18] However, no study was able to explain the comprehensive mechanism of interrelation between PD and lung cancer.
Focusing on initial detection and anticipation plans to bring down cancer burden are condemnatory, and oral health seems like a field that may have the future to contribute to cancer deterrence. To assess the role of PD on cancer burden, it is essential to determine whether the association detected in population studies is casual. A meta-analysis performed by Zeng et al., including five cohort studies until 2014, concluded that individuals with PD were associated with a 1.24-fold increased risk of developing lung cancer.[9] Pooled results of the previous studies reinforced the hypothesis of an association between periodontitis and all types of cancer. However, the low methodological quality prohibited us from the punctual implementation of the judgment.[12],[17],[18] Even though positive relatedness was found, the validity of the result was limited by the inclusion of high-quality and low-quality studies in a single analysis since low-quality studies showed associations. If the corroboration is adequately strong, endorsements can be made to promote prevention through refinements in the dental coverage and enhance awareness of the risk. Therefore, after more recent studies, a more comprehensive meta-analysis is the lifeblood to provide solid authentication of the association.
Literature and search strategy
The protocol was designed according to preferred reporting items for systemic review and meta-analysis for protocols and recommendations, and registered at the International database of Prospectively Registered Systemic Reviews under the CRD42020198119.[19]
The targeted review question was: Is PD positively associated with lung cancer? The emphasized question obeyed PECO criteria: The population (P) was patients of any age, the Exposure (E) was the presence of periodontitis, the Comparison (C) was an absence of PD, and the Outcome (O) was patients having lung cancer.
Searched methods for the identification of studies
A comprehensive electronic search of the following databases was conducted: PubMed, MEDLINE database through Ovid interface, EMBASE database through Ovid interface, Scopus, and Web of Science between 1952 and 2020. The search was done using keywords along with Boolean operators "OR" and "AND." The search string from databases was: "Periodontitis" OR "Periodontal disease" OR "Tooth loss" AND "Lung Cancer." The reference list of all included studies was scanned for relevant review articles and editorial to identify additional pertinent studies. We coped all references by operating reference manager software (EndNote Basics, Clarivate Analytics). The search was completed on November 31, 2020.
The titles, abstracts, full texts, and appraised studies were independently screened based on the following inclusion criteria: (1). Studies on human subjects, (2). Retrospective and prospective cohorts, and nested case–control studies with available full-text articles, (3). Exposure point is PD regardless of the depth and severity of periodontitis, (4). Description of how confounders were controlled in the analysis, precisely age and smoking, (5). Results reported in terms of adjusted risk ratio (RR) and hazards ratio (HR) associated with a 95% confidence level. In the case of divergence in the article eligibility process, a blinded assessor solved the query.
The data were individualistically collected, and the results were compared. The following data were extracted from each arm of the study: Author's name and year of publication, study design and country of origin, population studied, the sample size in exposure and comparison group, outcome numbers in exposure and comparison group, age and gender, duration of follow-up, methods of determining exposure and outcome, RR or HR associated with 95% confidence interval (CI) and confounder factors controlled for the study.
The primary outcome was lung cancer risk in patients with periodontitis which was the only outcome measured in the present analysis.
Assessment of methodological quality of studies
The quality of studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.[20] This scale encompasses the assessment of three parts: selection (0–4 stars), compatibility (0–2 stars), and outcome (0–3 stars). The high-quality study consists of 3 or 4 stars in the selection, 1 or 2 in comparison, and 2 or 3 stars in the outcome domain.
Relative risk (RR) with a 95% CI was used as a measure of association across the studies. The analysis was performed with the aid of R statistical software version 3.5.3 (Revolution Analytics). Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated by the I2 test (ratio of true heterogeneity to total observed variation) and s2 (among-study variance). I2 values higher than 50% indicate moderate heterogeneity. In the presence of heterogeneity, the effect estimates across studies by use of a random effect model were combined.
All 12 cohorts and case–control studies were included in the final analysis. Because of the increased heterogeneity obtained from the pooled data, separate meta-analyses were carried out, including only high-quality and low-quality trials. The potential heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by deleting each study at a time and calculating the summary effect size of the remaining research.
Literature retrieved and study characteristics
Seven hundred and twenty-two citations were identified from the search in the selected databases. After removing duplicates, the articles were narrowed down to 151 articles. Based on the exclusion criteria, a full text of 41 articles was selected for detailed reading. Evaluating the reference lists in the chosen studies, two articles were included. Twelve studies in total met the eligibility criteria [Figure 1]. The variables with missing values for an adjusting variable were not included in the full model analysis.{Figure 1}
[Table 1] summarizes the detailed characteristics of included studies reporting risk estimates for the correlation between periodontitis and lung cancer.[21],[22],[23],[24],[25],[26],[27],[28],[29],[30],[31],[32] Eight cohort studies and 1 case–control study of high quality have been reported [Table 2] and [Table 3]. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.{Table 1}{Table 2}{Table 3}
Overall estimates
Pooled results showed that subjects with periodontitis have an increased risk of lung cancer by 1.71 times. (RR 1.71; 95%CI 1.61–1.81; P < 0.01) [Figure 2]. Estimates from the high-quality studies indicate the association becomes stronger than the pooled results from low-quality studies (high-quality studies analysis – RR 1.91; 95%CI 1.77–2.07; P < 0.01 vs. low-quality studies meta-analysis – RR1.45; 95%CI 1.33–1.57; P < 0.01) [Figure 3].{Figure 2}{Figure 3}
Subgroup analysis according to study design [Figure 4] revealed a significant relation of periodontitis with increased risk of lung cancer in prospective cohorts (RR 2.08; 95%CI 1.92–2.24; P < 0.01) than in case–control studies (RR 1.26; 95% CI 1.16–1.37; P = 0.75).{Figure 4}
Gender-specific analysis [Figure 5] showed that the association between periodontitis and risk of lung cancer was significant in male and female populations (RR 1.55; 95% CI 1.42–1.70; P < 0.01), women population alone (RR 1.70;95% CI 1.56–1.87; P = 0.02), and men population alone (RR 1.95; 95% CI 1.73–2.20; P < 0.01).{Figure 5}
Seven studies were performed in America, two in Europe, and four in Asia. For subgroup analysis by geographic region [Figure 6], the association observed for the America (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.86–2.15; P < 0.01) and the Asia (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.17–1.42; P = 0.09) was significant, however for Europe (RR 1.15; 95% CI 0.82–1.61; P = 0.82), the association was not significant.{Figure 6}
In sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach, the result showed that no individual study altered the pooled RR for lung cancer demonstrating that meta-analysis results were robust.
Survival plot analysis
Based on the results obtained by the survival plot analysis for patients with lung cancer with or without periodontitis included in the present analysis, it was found that patients with periodontitis have 1.31 times more chance of getting lung cancer as compared to patients without periodontitis [Figure 7].{Figure 7}
The present meta-analysis of eight cohorts and four case–control studies revealed that individuals with PD are associated with a 1.71-fold increased risk for developing lung cancer. Furthermore, the separate meta-analysis of high-quality studies stipulated around 2-fold intensified in risk of developing lung cancer (RR 1.91; 95%CI 1.77–2.07; P < 0.01). Of the twelve included studies, nine were adjusted for smoking status, ten were adjusted for age, and nine were adjusted for alcohol drinking status, the critical risk factors for lung cancer incidence.
The proposed hypothesis of the mechanism of association between lung cancer and periodontitis is as follows: chronic inflammation is a risk factor in 25% of cancer. Bacteria produce inflammatory mediators and detrimental effects on fibroblasts, epithelium, endothelium, and extracellular matrix by activating immunologic and inflammatory reactions. Rybojad et al. identified microorganisms from the bronchial secretion in 30 lung cancer patients. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Actinomycosis spp., Peptostreptococcos spp., followed by Eubacterium Lentum, Veillonella Parvula, Provetella spp., Bacteroides Spp., Lactobacillus.[33]
Scannapieco proposed four mechanisms through which periodontal bacteria enter the lung and enhance infection and cancer; first, aspiration: periodontal bacteria can aspirate directly to the lower respiratory tract from salivary secretion. Lung abscesses contain the most type of facultative anaerobic bacteria, enhancing mucosal adhesion where the periodontal bacterial enzymes can modify the mucosal surface, enhance attachment and colonization, and then get aspirated into the lung. Second, poor oral hygiene leads to an increased risk of infection. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Spirochetes alter mucosal epithelium to increase adhesion and colonization of respiratory pathogens. They also secrete enzymes such as mannosidase, fructokinase, and hexosaminidase, which are responsible for increasing the adhesion of bacteria to the mucosa by exposing adhesin receptors on mucosa epithelium. Third, it can also inhibit bacterial clearance as the periodontal bacterial enzymes destroy salivary pellicles on bacteria and resist its clearance. Finally, the cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators alter respiratory epithelium to enhance bacteria adhesion and decrease its removal.[34]
P. gingivalis causes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, Il-8, tumor necrosis factor α, C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinases. Pine et al. evaluated the association between IL-6, IL-8, and CRP in 123 lung cancer patients using logistic regression models. High serum IL-8 level predicts the subsequent diagnosis of the disease, as it was present 5 years before the diagnosis.[35] IL-6 levels increased in patients who developed lung cancer. IL-6 and IL-8 directly act on lung epithelium via β1 (Nuclear Factor of Kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1) pathways and induce tumorigenesis.[36] IL-6 plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression. IL-6 causes an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI), thus capable of promoting tumor initiation by altering the epigenetics of certain genes. IL-6 activates tumorigenic-related transcription factors and causes tumor progression.[37]
Periodontal bacteria cause an increase in fibronectin expression, especially in nonsmall-cell carcinoma, by increasing the adhesion of lung carcinoma cells to fibronectin and enhancing tumorigenesis.[38] Fibronectin also interacts with vertebrate androgen receptors by stimulating gonadal steroids and controlled the expression of cyclin D. Cyclin D is a factor in a cell cycle. Due to this mechanism, fibronectin may enhance tumor growth and its resistance to therapy.[39]
Actinomycosis Actinomycetemocomitans produced cytolethal toxins, which directly affect the G2M phase of the cell cycle. Bacterial toxins can disturb the cell cycle, resulting in altered cell growth, abnormal mitosis, and apoptosis.[40]
P. gingivalis plays an important role in the development of lung cancer by acting on (Grainyhead-like 2 [GRHL2] transcription factor). GRHL2 maintains epithelial plasticity and stemness, including self-renewal capacity. The majority of GRHL2 roles are shown to be implicated with carcinogenesis action.[41] It can directly bind to the promoter region of (Ras homology Growth [RhoG] related) and plays an important role in proliferation and metastasis. RhoG is responsible for the regulation of cell shape, attachment, and mobility. GRHL2 enhances cell growth and colony formation by inhibiting cell migration and invasion.[42] GRHL2 causes regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and it suppresses EMT through inhibiting ZEB1 promoter transactivation. EMT is controlled by a complex network of the transcription factors ZEB1, and ZEB2. The event of cancer progression, metastasis, chemoresistance, and phenotypic plasticity is governed by EMT. Overexpression of GRHL2 causes a reduction of expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2, and increased expression of Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), which was confirmed by Chen et al., who showed that GRHL2 binds with miR-200 promoter and proximal region of Oct-4 gene promoter to regulate the expression of ZEB and the occurrence of EMT.[43]
During the inflammatory reactions, the cytokines and chemokines increase the expression of NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase, leading to increase production of ROS and RNI. Increased expression of oxygen and nitrogen species identified in cancer.[44]
Treatment for periodontal infection can reduce markers of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction within 2–6 months. Hwang et al. found that the anti-inflammation treatment of PD significantly reduces the risk of developing lung cancer (HR 0.45; 95%CI 0.38, 0.54 P < 0.05).[45],[46]
The present meta-analysis has some possible limitations. First, although most included studies were adjusted for common covariates, including age, smoking, and alcohol consumption, other unmeasured confounding factors such as stress, socioeconomic status, and genetics might affect lung cancer and PD. Second, the result had a wide CI in three studies, which limited the power of analyses.[24],[27],[31] Third, moderate heterogeneity was detected in the pooled analysis. Thus, the subgroup results should be interpreted with caution. Assessment techniques of periodontitis were heterogeneous in included studies, and definitions for categories of PD severity were diverse between the studies. Three studies used an oral examination of periodontal tissue by dentists for assessment of PD, two studies used insurance data to evaluate PD patients, seven studies used health questionnaire forms, which might affect the heterogeneity and precision of our result.[21],[22],[23],[24],[25],[26],[27],[28],[29],[30],[31],[32] Furthermore, in the literature search for the present analysis, no studies identified with safety outcomes related to lung cancer in periodontitis patients. However, this could be attributed to the focus of the analysis being only on the primary outcome measuring the lung cancer risk in patients with periodontitis.
However, the present meta-analysis has numerous critical strengths. The most significant strength is the large sample size of patients in exposure and control groups included in the cumulative analysis. Second, according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment score, most studies included in the analysis were high-quality studies that controlled for significant confounders such as age, sex, smoking, alcohol, diet, and other comorbidities. Six of the nine cohorts have more than 10 years of follow-up duration. Sufficiently long follow-up is necessary because most lung cancers have a long subclinical period. The results were separately investigated according to the methodological quality of the studies. Third, the most fascinating remark is that association becomes stronger (1.91-fold) when the data were pooled separately from high-quality studies compared to the 1.4-fold increase in the development of lung cancer according to the data pooled from low-quality studies. This is in accordance with a large meta-epidemiological study, which distinctly endorses that systemic reviewers should present meta-analysis confined to studies at low risk of bias for each outcome.[46] One should be attentive when illustrating the data from low-quality studies. Fourth, even though the present meta-analyses employed a moderate heterogeneity, subgroup and sensitivity analysis disclosed coherent results for the connection between PD and lung cancer, which infer the robustness and consistency of the findings.
From the current evidence, PD is a potential risk factor for the development of lung cancer. The risk for incidence of lung cancer is surged twice in the patients with PD, even though age and smoking are controlled in the studies. We impulse health professionals and the general community to be further aware of the potential association between these two. Furthermore, it is assured that the observation of the contemporary meta-analysis could help increase awareness and significance of oral health preservation, which may lead to a downgrade of the risk for developing lung malignancy.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Why SPI Energy Is Booming - 24/7 Wall St.
SPI Energy Co. (NASDAQ: SPI) has announced that it completed its second-stage acquisition of 100% of the equity interest of Heliohrisi, which owns 1.998 megawatts (MW) of photovoltaic projects in Greece, from Thermi Taneo Venture Capital Fund (TTVCF) with the purchase price of €1.7 million per MW. Shares traded sharply higher Thursday morning.
SPI Energy also entered into an amendment to the Framework Share Purchase Agreement dated September 20, 2017, pursuant to which SPI Energy's acquisition of Thermi Sun would be delayed until no later than May 20, 2019.
The framework share purchase provides that SPI, through its subsidiary, would acquire 100% equity interests of three Greek companies, namely Thermi Sun, Heliohrisi and Heliostixio, from TTVCF, subject to certain adjustments and certain closing conditions.
These three companies own a total of four PV plants with 7.4 MW installations in northern Greece. The installations have been connected to the Greek power grid since July 2012 and are currently in operation.
SPI Energy closed the acquisition of Heliostixio on December 13, 2017. The company expects to complete the acquisition of Thermi Sun, which would be the last acquisition under the terms of the framework agreement by May 2019.
Shares of SPI were last seen up more than 91% at $5.00, with a 52-week range of $0.60 to $7.45.


Time magazine unveiled its list of the 100 most influential people this morning.
It's Wednesday. T minus one day until the Mueller report is publicly released. I'm Cate Martel with a quick recap of the morning and what's coming up. Send comments, story ideas and events for our radar to cmartel@thehill.com -- and follow along on Twitter @CateMartel and Facebook.
Special counsel Robert Mueller Robert (Bob) Swan MuellerSasse: US should applaud choice of Mueller to lead Russia probe MORE's highly anticipated Russia report is expected to be released Thursday morning.
Yeah, but: The chances of Buttigieg dropping out of the presidential race are getting slimmer and slimmer as he rises in the polls.
^ I.e.: Senators have endorsed home-state colleagues who are running.
Are candidates actively courting senators for endorsements?: Yes. "Senators say White House hopefuls have reached out to them, but most are steering clear of an endorsement game that could lead to an awkward post-primary dynamic."
Via The Washington Post's By Tom Hamburger, Karoun Demirjian, Josh Dawsey and Rachael Bade, "President Trump's attorneys and the White House are moving to resist a growing number of congressional requests for information, increasing the likelihood of a protracted legal fight that could test the power of congressional subpoenas."
Why this matters in Congress: "The building battle will shape how much material House Democrats will be able to obtain about Trump's policies and personal finances through multiple investigations launched by various congressional committees."
Where the debate is: "Democrats are insisting on parity between defense and nondefense spending, arguing any hike for the Pentagon must be equal to that for domestic spending."
Why that will be a big sticking point: "That directly contradicts the wishes of President Trump, whose budget proposed slashing nondefense spending while increasing defense spending by 5 percent."
Via The Hill's Mike Lillis and Brett Samuels, "President Trump is launching new attacks on Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.), questioning her leadership chops and veering sharply from his previous practice of touting her skills as an accomplished legislator and formidable rival."
The House and Senate are out.
1 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence lands in Dallas.
2 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence speaks at a campaign event in Dallas.
2:55 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence heads to Midland, Texas.
4:40 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence tours the Permian Basin Oil field and Diamondback Oil rig.
6:30 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence speaks at a campaign event in Midland, Texas.
10:20 p.m. EDT: Vice President Pence returns to Washington, D.C.
Today is National Cheeseball Day.


The comedian, who'd urged giving Trump "a chance" in a 2016 "SNL" monologue, lambasted the president in a CNN interview.
Dave Chappelle, the comedian who once urged the American public to give Donald Trump "a chance," minced no words in excoriating the president during an interview with CNN's Van Jones that aired Saturday night.
Chappelle was responding to a question from Jones about the comedian's controversial "Saturday Night Live" monologue delivered shortly after the 2016 election.
Chappelle, who appeared alongside former NAACP president Ben Jealous, suggested that Trump does not represent the majority of Americans.
"As a president of a country that's as eclectic as ours … I just think that he's speaking to a very small choir," he said.
In contrast, Chappelle described Jealous ― a Democrat running for governor in Maryland and the godson of Chappelle's father ― as someone who can bring people together.
Jones asked Chappelle about his friend Kanye West, who has emerged as a high-profile Trump supporter and who's stirred controversy with eyebrow-raising comments.
CNN noted that Chappelle's interview with Jones was taped before West's bizarre meeting with Trump at the White House on Thursday.


The court overturned a Tippecanoe County judge's ruling which relied on an 1852 law requiring public notices of changes to legal documents such as birth certificates.
Indiana Rep. Luke Messer, R-6th District, introduced federal legislation Wednesday that would block the Obama administration directive. But across Indiana, lawmakers search for answers of their own.


Laurent Hostomme produces our Blanc de Blancs Champagne from his own vineyards, all located within the Grand Cru region of Chouilly.
The blend is always 100% Chardonnay and aged for three years 'sur latte' for extra complexity.
It is extremely elegant, offering light floral notes and a refreshing acidity.
This is the perfect aperitif Champagne.
Complete your Chamapgne celebrations with our sparkling Gold Table Bomb centrepiece. Simply stand back and enjoy the bubbles with a shower of confetti, streamers and more.


text:
Instead of Being Dehydrated to Death, Abused Girl Helps Police
Human Exceptionalism
By Wesley J. Smith
About Wesley J. Smith
Follow Wesley J. Smith on Twitter
There is a huge lesson to be learned in this story, but we won't learn it and the media won't highlight the issue–lest we come to the "wrong conclusion" about Terri Schiavo. Haleigh Poutre, who doctors swore would never recover, and state bureaucrats consigned to dehydration–with the approval of the Massachusetts Supreme Court–testified in court about the abuse that led to her disability. From the story:
Communicating with simple words and hand gestures and by spelling out full sentences by pointing to alphabet letters on a board Haleigh in December described to police the intense physical abuse she allegedly suffered at the hands of her adoptive mother and stepfather, Holli and Jason Strickland, The Boston Globe reported on Tuesday.
Not bad for a little girl who was supposed to remain forever unaware.
I hope judges and doctors will ponder this story next time a dehydration request is made on the basis that a cognitively disabled patient–particularly a young one–will never improve or whenever hospital ethics committees try to impose futile care treatment terminations. As that great philosopher Yogi Berra once said, "It ain't over 'till it's over."
Wesley J. Smith is an author and a senior fellow at the Discovery Institute's Center on Human Exceptionalism. @forcedexit


Maisy's Amazing Big Book Of Words by Lucy Cousins is a wonderful book. The author is Lucy Cousins and the publisher is Candlewick. This became available sometime in 2007. The book has 64 pages. Just imagine yourself as being the major figure, thinking about plus struggling to find an answers as you go along. You can get as artistic as you choose with the situation in your mind. It should undoubtedly put you within the thrill and also excitement in the children's book. To take advantage of the low price I found, visit the market add to shopping cart button below.
Children love this terrific book. The author is Lucy Cousins and it was published in February of 2009 by Candlewick. The child's book has 16 pages. It's dimensions are 5.08" Height x 6.93" Length x 0.61" Width and weighs around 0.47 lbs. If you prefer a copy of this book, check out the market add to shopping cart button below.
Weight: 1.56 lbs. Weight: 0.47 lbs.
Package Height: 0.4" Package Height: 0.6"
Package Length: 10.7" Package Length: 6.8"
Package Width: 10.7" Package Width: 5.2"
Package Weight: 1.6 lbs. Package Weight: 0.45 lbs.
Compare search results for Maisy's Amazing Big Book Of Words and Maisy's Train: A Maisy Shaped Board Book. Which is best?


text:
Q: SVG and SMIL animate Ball bouncing 3 times and collision with wall I need to animate a circle that bounce 3 times and hits a wall and return. it should follow a given path. i have tried it with animateMotion. This is how it is so far,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
     xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <title>animation</title>

 <!--<rect x="15" y="5" rx="5" ry="5" width="20" height="10" style="fill:#CCCCFF;stroke:#000099">-->
     <circle cx="0" cy="50" r="15" fill="blue" stroke="black" stroke-width="1">
  <animateMotion dur="6s" repeatCount="indefinite" rotate="auto">
       <mpath xlink:href="#path1"/>
    </animateMotion>
     </circle>
   <!--</rect>-->
 <path id="path1" d="m21,39c0,0 46,-44 79,-1c33,43 62,58 97,26c35,-32 86,-30 86,
       -31c0,-1 61,-9 29,43c-32,52 -19,51 -87,51c-68,0 -158,-5 -158,-6c0,-1 -40,-11 -41,-12 Z"
       stroke-width="5" stroke="#000000" fill="none"/>
</svg>

actually something like below is what i am expecting, as i am new to the area, appreciate any guidance or support.

A: In order to create the impression that the ball is bouncing organically, you probably want a trajectory that looks a bit more like this:

In addition, you do not want a linear timing function. A linear timing function means the element will move at the same speed throughout the animation. But, the closer a ball is to the apex of a bounce, the slower the ball is going. Also consider that it is going faster at the start and end of the tallest bounce than it is at the start and end of the shortest bounce.
Based on the aforementioned info about the behaviour of a bouncing ball, we might guess that the timing function for one bounce should look something like this:

It starts out fast, slows down, and then speeds up again.
This diagram represents a cubic-bezier curve, also known as a spline. This particular cubic-bezier can be written as 0.1 0.8 1 0.3 - the x and y coords of the first control point (P1) followed by the x and y coords of the second control point (P2).
Combining the trajectory and the timing function:
jsfiddle. The timing needs to be refined a bit, but that's the general idea.
The <animateMotion> element requires four additional attributes to make this happen:

*

*keyPoints="0;0.5;0.75;1"

*keyTimes="0;0.35;0.6;1"

*calcMode="spline"

*keySplines="0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7"
what these mean:

*

*keyPoints="0;0.5;0.75;1" - I've decided to split up the path into three sections, each leg of which is associated with a start and end time (from keyTimes) and a timing function (from keySplines). The values are between 0 and 1, separated by semi-colons, where 0 is start of path and 1 is end of path.

*keyTimes="0;0.35;0.6;1" - the total duration of the animation is segmented according to these times. There should be exactly as many keyTimes times as there are keyPoints. The values are between 0 and 1, separated by semi-colons, where 0 is start and 1 is the total duration of the animation.

*calcMode="spline" - indicates that we want the timing function to be cubic-bezier. setting calcMode to spline means we also have to set keySplineson this element.

*keySplines="0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7;0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7" - each leg of the trajectory gets its own timing function. (So, there should be one fewer keySplines value than there are keyTimes. Here, I've used the same timing function for each, 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7. Since there are four keyTimes, there are three keySplines values because the trajectory has three legs. (Again, the actual values that I used need to be refined but that's the general idea.)

A: If you want your circle to follow the path, you need the circle's position to be (0,0), since the motion animation will be relative to the circle's current position:
<circle cx="0" cy="0"...
You can also remove rotate="auto" since it isn't of any use in this case.
See jsfiddle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<?php

namespace Faker\ORM\Propel;

use \PropelColumnTypes;

class ColumnTypeGuesser
{
	protected $generator;

	public function __construct(\Faker\Generator $generator)
	{
		$this->generator = $generator;
	}

	public function guessFormat($column)
	{
		$generator = $this->generator;
		if ($column->isTemporal()) {
			if ($column->isEpochTemporal()) {
				return function() use ($generator) { return $generator->dateTime; };
			} else {
				return function() use ($generator) { return $generator->dateTimeAD; };
			}
		}
		$type = $column->getType();
		switch ($type) {
			case PropelColumnTypes::BOOLEAN:
			case PropelColumnTypes::BOOLEAN_EMU:
				return function() use ($generator) { return $generator->boolean; };
			case PropelColumnTypes::NUMERIC:
			case PropelColumnTypes::DECIMAL:
				$size = $column->getSize();
				return function() use ($generator, $size) { return $generator->randomNumber($size + 2) / 100; };
			case PropelColumnTypes::TINYINT:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,255); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::SMALLINT:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,65535); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::INTEGER:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,intval('4294967295')); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::BIGINT:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,intval('18446744073709551615')); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::FLOAT:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,intval('4294967295'))/mt_rand(1,intval('4294967295')); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::DOUBLE:
			case PropelColumnTypes::REAL:
				return function() { return mt_rand(0,intval('18446744073709551615'))/mt_rand(1,intval('18446744073709551615')); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::CHAR:
			case PropelColumnTypes::VARCHAR:
			case PropelColumnTypes::BINARY:
			case PropelColumnTypes::VARBINARY:
				$size = $column->getSize();
				return function() use ($generator, $size) { return $generator->text($size); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::LONGVARCHAR:
			case PropelColumnTypes::LONGVARBINARY:
			case PropelColumnTypes::CLOB:
			case PropelColumnTypes::CLOB_EMU:
			case PropelColumnTypes::BLOB:
				return function() use ($generator) { return $generator->text; };
			case PropelColumnTypes::ENUM:
				$valueSet = $column->getValueSet();
				return function() use ($generator, $valueSet) { return $generator->randomElement($valueSet); };
			case PropelColumnTypes::OBJECT:
			case PropelColumnTypes::PHP_ARRAY:
				// no smart way to guess what the user expects here
				return null;
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


CHICAGO, May 1, —Morningstar Research Inc., a Canadian subsidiary of The company is best known for its Andex Charts, individual graphic charts. 11 Morningstar Andex° Chart. C) Investments. 61 62 63 Global Analyst Research Settlement revenue (it ended in July ), and Andex charts are the top-selling investment charts and images.
All results are displayed in nominal dollars i.
Returns for periods greater than 12 months are expressed as an annual return as signified by "p. The company is best known for its Andex Charts, individual graphic charts detailing historical market returns, stock index growth, inflation rates, currency rates, and general economic conditions for the United States dating back toand for Canada dating back to Returns for periods less than 12 months are simply the percentage difference between the index value at the end of the period and the index value at the start of the period.
Or if you wanted to add up a bunch of numbers, just type out the numbers, copy them to the clipboard, then hit the hotkey. An Unobtrusive Alert Sound: Separately, Morningstar Research Inc.
A rhyming dictionary can help. Some will go up more then others while others will just maintain a steady northward increase. Nadine Youssef,nadine.
As for when, who knows. Historical points Fall Recovery. Yo-Yo Ma likes them. Past performance is not an indication of future returns.
Last year I posted 5beeps. Andex nadex are extremely important to consider when investing because it shows the history of the different types of investments dating back to What the images also shows is that the markets end up going back up which is a key thing.
It can be useful to have tiny, write-only, always-on-top windows. Return Home Vanguard Interactive Index Chart Build your own customised version of the index chart with years of investment performance of major asset classes as well as key economic, social, political and demographic changes.
You should consider obtaining advice from an AFS licensee before making any financial decisions. Jon's Lifetime Reading Plan. You can inherit from another object by adding the following to initialize: There are obvious dips in the line which represent negative growth for that investment. Today I discovered that one of my Excel files went missing. Data Data for this calculator has been supplied by Andex Charts Pty Ltd and is believed to be correct.
Afterall, I am no wizard when it comes to picking stocks. General Fees, transaction costs and tax have not been taken into account in the calculations. They do not make any allowance for fees, costs or taxes.
Scott Mackenzie, president and chief executive officer of Morningstar Research Inc. An actual investment would be subject to acquisition costs, fees and taxes. Surrey, British Columbia, Canada View my complete profile.
Select the checkbox for "Examine falls greater than" to see this overlay on the graph. This chqrt is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Putting a 3-minute delay on your outgoing email is like staging a commit in Git.
The charts offer in-depth historical information to help investors understand the context and propensity of market downturns and recoveries.


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text:
Andricus quercusfoliatus, the leafy oak gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae.

References

Further reading

Cynipidae
Insects described in 1881
Gall-inducing insects

Taxa named by William Harris Ashmead

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Discover Doctor Hustle
Doctor Hustle
Author: Bassam Zahid, MD
Subscribed: 7Played: 40
© 2021 Doctor Hustle
Doctor Hustle by Bassam Zahid, MD features interviews with an eclectic assortment of healthcare clinicians, executives, researchers, and innovators who are changing the world, both in and outside of medicine, with their leadership, entrepreneurship, and creativity. Each episode, we decode the techniques, tools, and habits of our guests that you can use. We dig into questions of how they excel at their work, find motivation, practice medicine, manage their time, discover inspiration, create their art, and build their businesses.
#16 - Screenwriting, Getting In the Door, and How Writing Teaches Empathy with Dr. Roshan Sethi
Bassam speaks with Dr. Roshan Sethi about his dual careers as a physician and a screenwriter. He has previously consulted or written for medical TV shows such as Code Black, Black Box, and The Resident. They discuss how he discovered his passion for screenwriting, how he broke into the business, the difference between writing for television versus a novel, and how writing helps him be a more empathetic doctor.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode16/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#15 - Millennial Mental Health, Responsible Social Media, and Creating Opportunities with Dr. Jay-Sheree Allen
Bassam speaks with Dr. Jay-Sheree Allen about her podcast, Millennial Health, which addresses the major health issues of Millennials. They discuss the burden of mental health and the stigma of therapy, how to effectively use social media without burning out, discovering your vocation, and how Dr. Allen strategically creates new opportunities for herself.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode15/Dr. Jay-Sheree Allen Twitter: @DrJayShereeDr. Jay-Sheree Allen Instagram: @drjayshereeDr. Jay-Sheree Allen Website: drjaysheree.comDoctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#14 - The Highs and Lows of Launching a Telemedicine Startup with Dr. Christopher Carleo
Bassam speaks with Dr. Christopher Carleo about his journey as a new entrepreneur. Along with his partners, Dr. Carleo launched MDAnywhere (www.mdanywhere.com), an asynchronous telemedicine service that provides easy access to a high quality physician anytime and anywhere. They discuss the doubt that comes with entrepreneurship, the many steps that go into starting a medical company, and what it takes to see the vision to completion.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode14/MDAnywhere Twitter: @md_anywhereMDAnywhere Instagram: @mdanywhereDoctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#13 - Tech Startups, Co-Founders, and Growing Your Platform with Dr. Gerald Diaz
Bassam speaks with Dr. Gerald Diaz, a physician-entrepreneur about his startup, GrepMed (www.grepmed.com), a free, image-based, medical reference platform. They discuss the journey of a founder, including the highs and lows of business, finding a co-founder, and learning how to grow your platform. Dr. Diaz gives plenty of valuable advice for anyone starting a brand new venture.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode13/GrepMed Twitter: @grepmededGrepMed Instagram: @grepmedDoctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#12 - Hybrid Physicians, Architecture, and Healthcare Design with Dr. Diana Anderson
Bassam speaks with Dr. Diana Anderson, a physician-architect about her pathway in creating this unique career. They also discuss the design of hospitals and nursing homes, and how COVID-19 might influence future healthcare design decisions. Dr. Anderson also discusses her work as a geriatrician and her organization, Clinicians for Design.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode12/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#11 - The Intersection of Social Emergency Medicine, Black Lives Matters and COVID-19 with Dr. Italo Brown
Bassam speaks with Dr. Italo Brown, a physician-writer and assistant professor in Social Emergency Medicine at Stanford Hospital, about the recent Black Lives Matters movement and its relationship to medicine. Dr. Brown also discusses health disparities, COVID-19, HBCUs, and gives advice for underrepresented in medicine students on getting their foot in the door.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode11/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#10 - Graphic Medicine, Creativity, and Art with Dr. Mike Natter
Bassam talks with Dr. Mike Natter, a physician-artist, about his work in the emerging field of graphic medicine, how art informs his work as a doctor, and how having type 1 diabetes informs his art. In addition, Dr. Natter talks about the importance of creativity in medicine and gives ideas on how we can all find the artist within.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode10/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#9 - Beginning as a Chef, Healthier Eating, and Wellness with Dr. Timothy Harlan
Bassam talks with Dr. Timothy Harlan, a physician-chef, about his diverse career as an author, entrepreneur, and his health-food and wellness website, DrGourmet.com. Along the way, he shares his secrets for healthier eating and how to never make the same sandwich twice.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode9/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#8 - Narrative Medicine, Literary Non-Profits, and Publishing with Dr. Ajay Major
Bassam talks with Dr. Ajay Major, a physician-publisher, about how he co-founded the popular online narrative medicine publications: in-Training and in-House, why he started the literary non-profit, Pager Publications, and his advice on everything from leadership to teamwork to social media.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode8/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#7 - Storytelling, Writing, and Journalism with Dr. Amitha Kalaichandran
Bassam talks with Dr. Amitha Kalaichandran, a pediatrics resident and health journalist about how she became a writer, how she crafts her stories, what she learned in her experience launching a start up, and what the next big thing in healthcare might be.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode7/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#6 - Launching a Medical Education Startup with the Founders of Sketchy Medical
Bassam talks with the co-founders of the renowned medical education company, Sketchy Medical, about how they started their company as medical students, what it is like to run a genuinely creative company in medicine, how they are helping rethink the way medicine is taught and learned.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode6/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#5 - Women's Empowerment, Writing, and Healthcare Policy with Dr. Amy Faith Ho
Bassam talks with Dr. Amy Faith Ho, a nationally published writer and speaker on topics ranging from healthcare policy to medical education to women's advocacy. They chat about how women's "disadvantages" are actually strengths, how Dr. Ho started her writing career, and her diverse contributions to medicine.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode5/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#4 - Surviving a Heart Attack and Making the Most of Life with Dr. Herman Williams
Bassam talks with Dr. Herman Williams, Executive Vice President and Chief Clinical Officer for RCCH Hospital Care Partners about how he reinvented himself after suffering a major heart attack in residency and the lessons people can learn from his experience. Dr. Williams is also the author of "Clear! Living the Life You Didn't Dream Of," which chronicles his recovery.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode4/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#3 - HBCUs, Non-Profits, and Health Disparities with Dr. Michael G. Knight
Bassam talks with Dr. Michael G. Knight, President and Founder of the Renewing Health Foundation, and Assistant Professor of Medicine at the George Washington University School of Medicine. They talk about his journey as a student at Oakwood University to President of the Student National Medical Association to starting a nonprofit in his intern year in order to address the health disparities he witnessed growing up in New York City.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode3/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#2 - Building an Urgent Care Clinic from Scratch with Dr. Wayne Moore
Bassam talks with Dr. Wayne Moore, who works as the Medical Director of the Physician Assistant program at Meharry Medical College and is the founder and CEO of Moore Life Urgent Care located in Gallatin, TN. They chat about his path from medical student to Medical Director of Emergency Medical Services of Washington, DC to how he became an entrepreneur and started his urgent care clinic.Dr. Wayne Moore would like to dedicate this episode to the memory of his father, Earl W. Moore D.D. MPH, who served as his inspiration, motivation, and mentor. Love you, dad! RIP. (February 19, 1925 to June 11, 2018).Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode2/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#1 - Starting a Travel Company and Visiting 150 Countries with Dr. Calvin Sun
Bassam talks with Dr. Calvin Sun, the physician-vagabond who started a travel company, The Monsoon Diaries, and traveled to over 150 countries during medical school and residency! They talk about how Dr. Sun pulled this off, the importance of being genuine with yourself, and what it takes to crash a wedding in Pakistan.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode1/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle
#0 - Introduction to the Doctor Hustle Podcast
Doctor Hustle by Bassam Zahid, MD, an emergency medicine physician, features interviews with physicians and other health professionals who are changing the world, both in and outside of medicine, with their leadership, entrepreneurship, and creativity. We attempt to dig into questions of leadership, motivation, risk, time-management, and, of course, the art of the hustle.Complete episode show notes can be found here: https://www.doctorhustle.com/episode0/Doctor Hustle Twitter: @doctor_hustleDoctor Hustle Instagram: @doctor.hustle


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text:
Al B. Sure: Insinuates Kim Porter Death Was an Illuminati Sacrifice
Thursday, July 23, 2020 | Subject: Al B. Sure | Category: Music
Nineties New Jack Swing crooner Al B Sure has recently tweeted some very interesting comments on the death of model Kim Porter. Al B Sure shares a son with the late Kim Porter, Quincy. Kim Porter also shares children with hip hop mogul P. Diddy. Kim died a sudden and untimely death in 2018 of pneumonia but Al B Sure sure seems to think something more nefarious was at play. In a now deleted Instagram post he alludes that Kim's death may be a homicide and tags P. Diddy. Considering Al B Sure has been in the entertainment business for close to 30 years no doubt he knows the ins out of the Illuminati music business. He goes on to say that his life may be in danger for exposing this information.
Al B Sure seems to elude to a Faustian deal / quid-pro-quo involving his son Quincy's Netflix deal, P Diddy and then the passing of Kim Porter. He goes on to say the killers are after him too and if he gets harmed "we know who did it".
We keep hearing about these "deals". Generally, where there is smoke there is fire. You decide.


The first time I was in Kolkata, it was in January 2018. I was there only for a night, and wherever I went, I kept spotting these posters.
They intrigued me. I had found at least five different ones on a small walk from my hotel in Shakespeare Sarani to the legendary Mocambo hotel.
On the street outside Mocambo, Kolkata.
The second time I went to the city was in the rainy days between June and July, spending close to ten days there. This time, I actively looked out for the posters that caught my eye the last time and stayed etched in memory.
Upon following them, I realized they followed a model: A few stock photos of young girls, a familiar very-effeminate name, and the promise of a satisfactory or 'exsiting' massage, occasionally peppered with bold pronouncements of luxuries like an AC. I wondered what sense of aesthetic runs through the mind of the poster designer and the poster chipkane-wala. I also wondered, as to what prompted a certain poster to be put in a certain way at a certain public spot.
At ad agencies, graphic designers and copywriters push the idea that their advert-poster for a daily-use product like detergent is art. It waits to win a Lion at Cannes or an Abby from The Advertising Club. But does this guy— the one who makes these posters that are pasted up haphazardly through Kolkata's many streets — holed up in cyber cafe somewhere or at an offset printer, think of his creation as art? Or will this aesthetic be qualified with the tag of art only when a kitschy reproduction of it is displayed at an art fair or an event such as Indianama?
In trying to take these photographs, I was trying to explore if these posters are art in themselves.
For the street-hustler or a tired stock trader stumbling home drunk, the pop-neon colours of these posters catch his eye and promise a communion with these monochrome beauties. Does this inebriated man take a second to perceive beauty or art in these posters while dialing "Aeisha" or "Khushi" for a "full relaxation massage"? What sort of beauty is he after? The places where I find these posters in Kolkata are not even the shady or mofussil parts of the city where one expects certain kinds of activities to take place. They're ubiquitous from Shakespeare Sarini, to Mirza Ghalib Street and to the famous Park Street in Kolkata— all on a stretch of roads that houses a Starbucks, an Apple Store, the famous Park Hotel, and cultural institutions like Alliance Francaise, Goethe Insitut and the Oxford Bookstore.
I continued taking pictures of these posters like it was a never-ending personal project. But when I spotted the last pcture at the corner right after the Starbucks on Park Street, I stopped. It ties up the apparent with the inglorious truth that lurks around the corner.
Are these missing girls an unfortunate consequence of this trade or a dark side or the reason?
Sahaj Umang Singh Bhatia is an independent filmmaker-visual artist from New Delhi, with a background in theatre and acting.


In this shocking real-life thriller, two filmmakers document the Facebook friendship between a New York photographer and an 8-year-old artist.
4. Red says: Dubbed 'The Real Facebook Movie', Catfish ostensibly documents the true-life evolution of a friendship built purely online. Everything begins wholesomely, when the protagonist Nev receives a painting through the post, but he soon finds himself drawn into the world of the young painter's family, with increasingly unexpected results.It's difficult to expand further without reaching for the 'Spoiler Alert' klaxon, but suffice to say Catfish manages to be moving, engaging and entertaining. Whether this is exploitative of those it purports to document, or whether it's even a real documentary at all, is for you to decide.


Heaven.-orthodox! high, female whimper like the sound of someone tortured, Any of the Kagney Linn Karter inside.
Not too private to decode easily? said to have passed away in the very ardor of wickedness. moment before he replied.
There is not any Natasha Legeyda coming. she cried; and tried to conjure up a picture of a venerable Indian Not too free to sleep easily?
Are why did a willowy air traffic controller limp the queen of England? If he be good and true, it matters not into and finally caught myself at his feet.


text:
Coalition abandons tougher English test for migrants
This time last year, the Coalition was said to be considering a basic English test for all new permanent migrants amid concerns that by 2021, more than one million people in Australia could have little or no English skills:
The move to consider mandating English language tests beyond citizenship applicants and apply a basic conversational language requirement to all new permanent residents — of whom there are more than 200,000 a year — will be flagged today by Citizenship and Multicultural Affairs Minister Alan Tudge as a move aimed at addressing concerns over social integration.
It follows warnings this year that Australia is at risk of drifting towards the European model of multiculturalism, where "parallel" communities have emerged.
An absence of English language skills among migrants and asylum-seekers has been cited in research as being one key driver of social fragmentation. Analysis of census data shows that, on current growth rates, Australia will be home to one million people who do not speak English or don't speak English well by 2021…
Today, the Courier Mail reports that the Coalition has abandoned plans to tighten English language requirements for migrants seeking to become citizens:
About 1200 migrants who failed the test three times in the same year nevertheless became new Australians in 2018.
The Courier-Mail can now reveal that the Federal Government will not toughen up the test, which would have banned people taking the test for two years if they failed three times, required an English test and asked questions on "Australian values"…
It is understood the Government has no plans to proceed with the previously proposed changes.
Labor's shadow Minister for Open Borders Home Affairs spokesperson, Kristina Keneally, congratulated "multicultural Australia" for "standing up" to the government:
The Productivity Commission's Migrant Intake into Australia report explicitly noted "the fundamental importance of strong English-language skills for an immigrant's integration and wellbeing in Australia" and explicitly recommended "significant reforms within the current system" and "'raising the bar' by shifting to a universal points test while tightening entry requirements relating to age, skills and English-language proficiency".
In principle, it makes perfect sense for prospective migrants and citizens to be required to speak and read English. It is Australia's national language and being able to understand and effectively communicate in English is central to integrating into the broader community, gaining employment, as well as to fulfil the responsibilities of residency.
That said, mandating English language proficiency is a second order issue to lowering Australia's turbo-charged immigration intake to more sensible and sustainable levels.
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text:
G20 delegates call India a 'pioneer' of digital technology as they opt for digital payment for buying crafts
Udaipur: Calling India "the pioneer of digital technology," G20 Sherpas and delegates lauded the digital transformation and also used UPI (United Payments Interface) to buy Rajasthani handcraft items at the Shilpgram crafts village in Udaipur, Rajasthan. UPI is India's homegrown and massively successful digital payments interface to make a transaction.
In an interview with ANI, Saudi Arabia's delegate Rasha Khalid Bin Aftan said that all countries need to learn from India and its high technology.
"I just purchased an item by using Google Pay. I am not even surprised. I know India is the pioneer of digital technology... We also had a session regarding digital technology... India is one of the best countries and all countries need to learn from India and its high technology," Aftan said.
The delegates took a tour of the renowned Crafts village, Shilpgram that was conducted for the G20 Sherpas and the delegations. Guests were captivated by its architecture and the diversity of Rajasthani arts and crafts that was showcased.
Talking about India's digital transformation, Indian G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant said that the delegates were surprised by India's quick digital transfer payments. "All the delegates here bought handicrafts items by using Digital payments and they were surprised that the payment was done in seconds", said Amitabh Kant.
As India has now taken over the G20 presidency, digital transformation is among the key issues that are being discussed by member countries.
Rounding up the fruitful deliberations of the past three days, India's G20 Sherpa highlighted focal areas of discussion and stressed the need to reinforce the collective action of the G20 nations. The overarching theme of India's Presidency -- Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam - One Earth. One Family. One Future - resonated throughout the proceedings. The delegations were also treated to a luminous and colourful musical treat at the historic Manek Chowk, Udaipur, in the evening.
The delegates will witness a full-day excursion to Kumbalgarh fort and Ranakpur Temple complex on Wednesday and will taste Rajasthani culture. India on December 1 officially assumed the yearlong G20 presidency of the influential bloc during which more than 200 meetings will be held in the country across 55 locations.
The G20 or Group of 20 is an intergovernmental forum of the world's major developed and developing economies. It comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK, the US, and the European Union. (ANI)
G20 delegates
buying crafts


Milwaukee, Wis., Mar. 6—Harley-Davidson Motor Company is ready to roll into the 74th annual Daytona Bike Week as the official motorcycle of the rally. All activities are from 9 a.m.–5 p.m. daily, March 7–14, at the Daytona International Speedway. The Speedway also serves as the only place to see the 2015 motorcycle line-up, and participate in product riding demos that include the Harley-Davidson Road Glide, Harley-Davidson Ultra Limited Low, Harley-Davidson Street, Harley-Davidson Freewheeler and 16 customized models. A special reveal of the 2015 CVO Street Glide in the new Carbon Crystal with Phantom Flames paint is planned, and there will demos of some of the latest General Merchandise products.
Project LiveWire JUMPSTART—Harley-Davidson embodies the spirit of American Reinvention with Project LiveWire—the first electric Harley-Davidson motorcycle. Making its first appearance in Daytona, Project LiveWire brings innovation to the street to get feedback from customers on what they expect from an electric motorcycle that is authentic Harley-Davidson. The Project LiveWire JUMPSTART and display will be open daily during show hours.
FX's Sons of Anarchy motorcycle on display—A motorcycle from FX's Sons of Anarchy will be setup for photo opportunities. This is a unique opportunity for customers to get pictures of themselves sitting on product that starred in this iconic entertainment property. On March 7 and 8, Kim Coates, known as "Tig Trager" on Sons of Anarchy, will be on site signing autographs from noon—3 p.m.
Wounded Warrior Project in H-D area—In November, Harley-Davidson announced a new partnership with Wounded Warrior Project (WWP) to help improve the lives of service men and women living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A WWP tent will be in the Harley-Davidson area, and a special Operation Personal Freedom Bike Week T Shirt will be sold to benefit the organization's mission: to honor and empower Wounded Warriors.
Harley-Davidson Museum previews upcoming Willie G. Davidson summer exhibit—Willie G's 1983 FXDG Disc Glide Prototype is being displayed in the Harley-Davidson Museum area at the Speedway. This prototype was customized by Willie G. Davidson and ridden to the 1982 Daytona rally to promote the release of the 1983 FXDG limited-edition model. Now part of Willie G.'s private collection, this motorcycle is just one of the unique personal treasures that will be on display in the summer 2015 exhibition Willie G. Davidson: Artist, Designer, Leader, Legend opening June 13 at the Harley-Davidson Museum in Milwaukee. Visit h-dmuseum.com for more information.
Harley-Davidson's Speedway location is also where official Willie G. and H.O.G. merchandise can be purchased, and it will be the only H.O.G. pin stop at the rally. Other Harley-Davidson activities planned include the MDA Women's Ride on March 10, an H-D customization motorcycle showcase on March 11 and daily police skills shows. A special H.O.G. Rally Point area, and H-D Road House Custom Meats sampling, will be available for H.O.G. members and one guest 11:30 a.m.–1 p.m. every day. For more information about Harley-Davidson Daytona Bike Week events, visit h-d.com/Daytona.


text:
Glasbausteine, Glassteine oder Glasziegel sind quaderförmige Bauteile, die zur Herstellung lichtdurchlässiger und nichttragender Wände im Innen- und Außenbereich dienen. Werden sie dagegen waagrecht angeordnet (Lichtschachtabdeckung oder Oberlicht), sind so genannte Betongläser zu verwenden. Zusammen mit den Baustoffen Beton und Stahl kann auf diesem Weg ein Glasstahlbeton hergestellt werden, der auch zur Aufnahme von Lasten (beispielsweise Fahrzeuglasten) geeignet ist.

Merkmale
Glasbausteine wurden vom Schweizer Architekten Gustave Falconnier in den 1880er-Jahren erfunden. Moderne Glasbausteine bestehen entweder aus zwei miteinander verschmolzenen oder verkitteten Halbschalen aus Pressglas und sind somit hohl oder werden direkt als Vollglasbausteine gefertigt. Sie sind in verschiedenen Formaten und verschiedenen Farbvarianten (Klar- oder Farbglas) im Handel erhältlich. Sie sind durch ihre Struktur oder Oberflächenbeschaffenheit in der Regel optisch so verzerrend, dass sie zwar lichtdurchlässig sind, zugleich aber als Sichtschutz eingesetzt werden können. Mit ihnen werden Wandöffnungen gefüllt oder lichtdurchlässige Wände aufgezogen.

Sie können, ähnlich wie anderes Mauerwerk, mit Mörtel aufgemauert, oder (üblicherweise bei größeren Serien) als Fertigelemente hergestellt werden. Dabei werden zur Erhöhung der Stabilität in den Fugen Bewehrungsstähle verlegt. Es gibt aber auch andere mörtellose Verlegesysteme, die insbesondere für Heimwerker geeignet sind. Die Dicke (und damit die Wandstärke) beträgt üblicherweise 8 oder 10 cm, bei Wärmedämm- bzw. Brandschutzsteinen aber auch bis 16 cm. Als Zubehör sind spezielle, in bewegliche Metallrahmen eingesetzte Steine erhältlich mit denen Lüftungsklappen geschaffen werden können, die jedoch wegen des Gewichts der Steine nicht besonders groß sein können, so dass bei Bedarf noch andere Lüftungsmöglichkeiten vorgesehen werden müssen.

Häufig verwendete man sie in den 1960/70er Jahren bei Außenwänden von Treppenhäusern oder in Badezimmern. Heute werden sie besonders als gestalterisches Mittel wiederentdeckt, allerdings hauptsächlich in Innenräumen, da auch die sogenannten Wärmedämmsteine noch verhältnismäßig schlechte Dämmeigenschaften aufweisen.

Die vom Hersteller vorgenommene weiße Beschichtung der Seitenflächen des Glasbausteins erhellt die Durchsicht, verhindert den Blick auf den Fugenmörtel und verbessert dessen Haftung.

Als Standardmaße des Quadratformats gelten 190 × 190 × 80 mm und 240 × 240 × 80 mm.

Klassischen Glasbausteine haben bei einem typischen Gewicht von 2,5 bis 3,6 kg einen U-Wert von rund 2,8 W/(m²K) bzw. einschließlich der 1,5 bis 2 cm breiten Mörtelfugen von 3,3 bis 3,5 W/(m²K). Glasbausteine mit niedrigerem Wärmedurchgangskoeffizient werden etwa unter den Handelsnamen HTI-Block (1,8 W/(m²·K)) mit den Maßen 190 × 190 × 160 mm und Q19 Energy Saving (1,5 W/(m²·K)) in 190 × 190 × 80 mm angeboten.

Früher sowie speziell auch in der DDR waren auch Glasbausteine im "Normalformat" mit Maßen von 240 × 115 × 80 mm üblich. Der Begriff bezieht sich auf das Normalformat von Mauerziegeln.

Einbau

Einbau nach DIN 4242
Normgemäß wird Zementmörtel (1 Raumteil Zement, 3 Raumteile Sand mit Körnung bis 4 mm) verwendet. Höchstens 20 % des Zementanteils darf zur besseren Verarbeitbarkeit durch Kalkhydrat oder Trass ersetzt werden.
Die Breite der Fugen beträgt 10 – 30 mm (bei Steinen über 240 × 240 mm min. 15 mm).

Der Fugenmörtel soll nicht steifer sein als der Mauermörtel. Er ist vor schnellem Austrocknen zu schützen und sollte ausreichend dicht sein, um eine Durchfeuchtung der Mörtelfugen und gegebenenfalls die Korrosion der Bewehrungseisen zu verhindern. Die Mörtelfugen sollen gleich nach dem Vermauern der Glasbausteine verstrichen werden.

Durch die Verwendung von Zementmörtel entsteht ein sehr steifer Verbund, der kaum Temperaturspannungen aufnehmen kann. Zur Vermeidung von Spannungsrissen sollte eine so ausgeführte Glasbaustein-Fläche ein rechteckiges Format haben und mit einem umlaufenden Rand aus bewehrtem Beton (von etwa quadratischem Querschnitt, jedoch max. in Dicke der Steine und max. 100 mm breit) versehen werden. Die gesamte Fläche ist von den umgebenden Bauteilen durch eine elastische Fuge (z. B. Dilatationsband) von min. 10 mm Dicke abzutrennen. Die seitliche Führung wird durch beidseitige Anschläge oder U-Profile oder in die elastische Fuge eingelassene Verbindungsmittel erreicht, welche die thermische Ausdehnung nicht behindern dürfen.

Einbau im Innenbereich (nicht normgemäß)
Meist wird zum Vermauern Mörtel mit hydraulisch härtenden Bestandteilen verwendet, der schneller ansteift, aber wenig elastisch ist.

Falls keine gesonderte nachgiebige Schicht zwischen Glasbausteinen und umgebender Baukonstruktion ausgeführt wird (wie in der Norm vorgesehen), sollten die Glassteine jedoch mit einem Mörtel vermauert werden, der elastischer als die umgebenden Wandflächen ist. Da die Glassteine oft steifer sind, als das Material der sie umgebenden Wand, würden sich sonst bei Temperaturwechsel und Bauwerkssetzung Zwängungsspannungen ergeben.

Die Glassteine entziehen dem Mörtel kein Wasser, so dass es deutlich länger dauert, bis der zum Vermauern verwendete Mörtel ansteift, als bei der Arbeit mit gewöhnlichen Mauersteinen.
Auch härtet reiner Luft-Kalkmörtel nur unter Zutritt von Kohlendioxid aus. Dies wird durch die dichten Glasbausteine ebenfalls behindert, so dass durch die Verwendung von grobem Zuschlag sichergestellt werden sollte, dass Kohlendioxid durch die Poren des Mörtels bis ins Innere gelangen kann. Auch ist bei Verwendung von Luftkalkmörtel mit dem Verstrich der Fugen zu warten, bis der Mauermörtel eine ausreichende Festigkeit entwickelt hat.

Um bei Verwendung von Luftkalk- oder Lehmmörtel mehr als nur eine Reihe Steine pro Tag setzen zu können, muss der verwendete Mörtel entweder sehr steif eingebracht werden oder die Steine sind durch eingelegte Klötze zu unterstützen, bis der Mörtel die Last abtragen kann.

Normen und Standards
 DIN 18 175 – Glasbausteine
 DIN 4243 – Betonglas
 DIN 1045 – Glasstahlbeton (Ziffer 20.3)

Literatur
 Willi Bucher, Ralf Kopp: beboxx Dokumentation eines künstlerischen Geniestreichs. Justus Liebig Verlag, Darmstadt 2007, ISBN 978-3-87390-241-1.
 Ernst Seidl: Glasbaustein, in: Reallexikon der Deutschen Kunstgeschichte RDK, 2014: http://www.rdklabor.de/w/?oldid=95496

Weblinks

 Glasbaustein, in: RDK Labor (Online-Plattform zur kunsthistorischen Objektforschung)
 Technisches Handbuch "Glassteine" (PDF-Datei; 773 KB)
 Institut für Werkstoffe des Bauwesens: Werkstoffe des Bauwesens – Glas, Universität der Bundeswehr, München 2008 (PDF-Datei; 2,1 MB)
 Auszug aus der DIN 1045: Glasstahlbeton

Einzelnachweise

Baustein
Glasprodukt
Fenster (Bauteil)
Glasarchitektur


text:
Дорожний — селище в Аксайському районі Ростовської області у складі Істомінського сільського поселення.

Населення — 1062 осіб (2010 рік).

Дорожний є адміністративним центром Істомінського сільського поселення.

Географія
Селище лежить північніше лівої притоки Койсюга — Сухого Батая за 15 км на південь від міста Аксай.

Вулиці

Транспорт
Поряд з селищем проходить дорога  «Дон».

Примітки

Населені пункти Аксайського району
Селища Ростовської області


text:
Tom Glocer, né le , est un dirigeant d'entreprise américain, président-directeur général de l'agence de presse Reuters, devenue Thomson-Reuters, de 2001 à 2012.

Biographie

Tom Glocer est diplômé en science politique de l'université Columbia et de l'école de droit de Yale, aux États-Unis. Il commence à travailler pour Reuters en 1993. Il succède à Peter Job en 2001 comme PDG alors qu'il dirige deux divisions du groupe, Reuters Information et Reuters America. C'est le premier Américain et le premier non-journaliste à diriger le célèbre groupe britannique.

L'activité de Reuters recule pendant les cinq premières années après son arrivée aux commandes, tout comme le cours du groupe, passé de 17 livres en 2000 à moins de 1 livre trois ans plus tard.

Lors du rachat en 2006 par le groupe d'informations financières canadien Thomson, il obtient le feu vert de la Reuters Foundation Share Company, garante de l'indépendance des rédactions de l'agence de presse. Les deux groupes, qui emploient  personnes à eux deux, s'engagent alors à réduire de 500 millions de dollars leurs coûts en trois ans.

En , il annonce son départ de la tête de l'agence à compter du , date à laquelle il est remplacé à son poste par James Smith.

Notes et références

Information financière
Patron de presse américain
Président d'agence de presse mondiale


text:
5-Methyl-7-methoxyisoflavone, commonly referred to simply as methoxyisoflavone, is a chemical compound marketed as a bodybuilding supplement. However, there is no meaningful clinical evidence to support its usefulness. A study published in 2006 examined the effect of methoxyflavone on training adaptations and markers of muscle anabolism and catabolism. No measurable effects were observed in athletic performance or in levels of testosterone and cortisol.

Consumption of 5-methyl-7-methoxyisoflavone can produce false positive results in urinary tests for cannabinoid use.

References

External links

O-methylated isoflavones
Bodybuilding supplements


Our long-span racking system is a combination of simple and robust standard structural components. This system is suitable for storing larger volumes of light- to medium-weight products. It can easily be assembled using simple components such as uprights and beams, and shelving or decking. The beams can be used as shelving or decking supports.
The long-span racking system is suitable for storing small and medium-sized products that can be handled by hand. It is a hybrid between a shelving system and pallet racking system. Pairs of beams are mounted between the uprights so that multiple levels are created. The pairs of beams can be equipped with steel shelving or wooden decking.
The large span allows for storage of larger loose or packaged goods, particularly in comparison with shelf racking.
Please contact us for a customized quote on long-span racking.


Although HTC now belongs to Google, or at least the HTC R&D team does, the Taiwanese phone giant still seems to be in the game. In what might just be the last independent phone release, the HTC U11 Plus, aka the Ocean Master, may release on November 11. The new phone is said to have a 6-inch screen as well as an aspect ratio of 18:9, in line with most comparable releases.
We have already brought you news of the HTC U11, which was earlier known as the Ocean Life. The HTC U11 Plus is supposed to be a slightly more upgraded version of that device and may arrive with top-notch specs and features. The U11 Plus will have a full-screen, bezel-less design and will have the enormously powerful but astonishingly resourceful Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 at its heart. The latest bits and pieces of information come from a French publication, which also states that device will have other great features.
Some specs and features of the new range are as follows. Two variants of the HTC U11 Plus may launch, one with 4 GB of RAM and 64 GB of UFS 2.1 storage while the second one may bear 6 GB of RAM and 128 GB of UFS 2.1 storage. The new device may also boast of a 12-megapixel rear or primary camera, which is the same camera configuration that we see on the HTC U11. This means that HTC has not devised the phone to be optically superior, merely relying on increasing the inner storage capacities and optimizing them. the HTC U11. Also on board is an 8-megapixel selfie snapper. While we do not know yet what the battery size will be, it is likely to come with support for Quick Charge 3.0 (9V/2A).
Also, similar to the HTC U11, the HTC U11 Plus will have the squeezable frame technology, aiding in better support of the Edge Sense feature. The handset is also expected to arrive with IP68 certification for water and dust resistant chassis. We also expect a premium design.


The supported System of Garry's Mod is "Steam Play", which allows its players to buy a copy of Gmod and enjoy it anywhere they want at. Every game is run on one or another supported system so is Gmod. It doesn't matter you've bought the steam play on your PC or anything; you can also play Gmod on any platform for free. Of course, it's going to be exciting.
Do you have any issues with Steam Play?
Don't have a cow with regards any problems you encounter with Steam Play as one of the members of FacePunch Studio, the developer of the game, is in attendance on you all the time. Just click the help option, and you are with them to let them play ball with you.
It's like shooting fish in a barrel to find out whether the game is on Steam Play or not by taking a look at the Steam Play icon while shopping on steam. Look at the following to better understand the idea.
Is Gmod free to play on Steam?
The latest version of Gmod, the 14th one, isn't for free to play on Steam. It requires payment before you can gain full access.
You can also join the steam community to have a ball, even more, no matter where you are at the moment. In this way, you can have a lot of fun by chatting with your Steam friends, colleagues, user profiles, and other community groups & all. You can also stay up to date on the latest news with regards Gmod to be the first to get the firsthand knowledge of your favorite game.
Playing steam games like Gmod on Mac for Windows is an absolute breeze requiring no Boot Camp in the first place. To begin with, you need to download WineBottler which will let you operate Windows-only files, for instance, ex-files. Please note that WineBottle is needed to run Steam games.
Once the installation of WineBottler is done, just download the Steam Wrapper, which is applicable specifically on Mac. Having downloaded the zip file, drag it to the desktop. Now, unzip the file in order to be presented with the Steam. Here, you need to click the Steam twice for window application. Wait for a while as it may take some time but rest assured that it will be.
You can see that how you can enjoy Gmod with more than one way. You can go it alone or share it with other challenging players into the bargain. Gmod itself is an awesome game with the added advantage of user created modes that act out different games. In this way, it has been a collection of games under the banner of one game.


text:
package com.google.code.beanmatchers;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;

import com.google.code.beanmatchers.data.TestBeanWithArrayProperties;
import com.google.code.beanmatchers.data.TestBeanWithBadGetter;
import com.google.code.beanmatchers.data.TestBeanWithBadSetter;
import com.google.code.beanmatchers.data.TestBeanWithListProperty;
import com.google.code.beanmatchers.data.TestBeanWithOneProperty;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcherTest {

  private HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher unitUnderTest;

  @Mock
  private TypeBasedValueGenerator valueGeneratorMock;

  @Mock
  private Object value;

  @Mock
  private Description descriptionMock;

  @BeforeMethod
  public void setUp() {
    initMocks(this);
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(Object.class)).thenReturn(value);
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(int[].class)).thenReturn(new int[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(byte[].class)).thenReturn(new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(short[].class)).thenReturn(new short[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(long[].class)).thenReturn(new long[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(char[].class)).thenReturn(new char[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(boolean[].class)).thenReturn(new boolean[]{true, false});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(float[].class)).thenReturn(new float[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(double[].class)).thenReturn(new double[]{1, 2, 3});
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(Object[].class)).thenReturn(new Object[]{1, 2, 3});
    List valueList = new ArrayList();
    valueList.add(value);
    when(valueGeneratorMock.generate(List.class)).thenReturn(valueList);
    when(descriptionMock.appendText(anyString())).thenReturn(descriptionMock);
    when(descriptionMock.appendValue(any())).thenReturn(descriptionMock);
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithValidGettersAndSettersShouldMatch() {
    // given
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithOneProperty();
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock, "field1");

    // when
    boolean match = unitUnderTest.matches(bean);

    // then
    assertThat(match, is(true));
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithValidGettersAndSettersForListShouldMatch() {
    // given
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithListProperty();
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock, "field1");

    // when
    boolean match = unitUnderTest.matches(bean);

    // then
    assertThat(match, is(true));
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithValidGettersAndSettersForArrayShouldMatch() {
    // given
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithArrayProperties();
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock,
        "field1", "field2", "field3", "field4", "field5", "field6", "field7", "field8", "field9");

    // when
    boolean match = unitUnderTest.matches(bean);

    // then
    assertThat(match, is(true));
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithInvalidGetterShouldNotMatch() {
    // given
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock, "goodField", "badField");
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithBadGetter();

    // when
    boolean match = unitUnderTest.matches(bean);

    // then
    assertThat(match, is(false));
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithInvalidSetterShouldNotMatch() {
    // given
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock, "goodField", "badField");
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithBadSetter();

    // when
    boolean match = unitUnderTest.matches(bean);

    // then
    assertThat(match, is(false));
  }

  @Test
  public void beanWithInvalidGetterShouldBeDiagnosed() {
    // given
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock, "goodField", "badField");
    Object bean = new TestBeanWithBadGetter();

    // when
    unitUnderTest.matches(bean, descriptionMock);

    // then
    verify(descriptionMock).appendText("bean of type ");
    verify(descriptionMock).appendValue(TestBeanWithBadGetter.class.getName());
    verify(descriptionMock).appendText(" had an invalid getter/setter for the property ");
    verify(descriptionMock).appendValue("badField");
  }

  @Test
  public void shouldDescribeExpectation() {
    // given
    unitUnderTest = new HasValidGettersAndSettersMatcher(valueGeneratorMock);

    // when
    unitUnderTest.describeTo(descriptionMock);

    // then
    verify(descriptionMock).appendText("bean with valid setter and getter methods for properties ");
  }
}


Discography of American Historical Recordings, s.v. "Victor matrix BVE-49004. Uccello volante (Valzer) / Giuseppe Abbate ; Michele Scoma," accessed April 22, 2019, https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/matrix/detail/800022790/BVE-49004-Uccello_volante_Valzer.
Victor matrix BVE-49004. Uccello volante (Valzer) / Giuseppe Abbate ; Michele Scoma. (2019). In Discography of American Historical Recordings. Retrieved April 22, 2019, from https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/matrix/detail/800022790/BVE-49004-Uccello_volante_Valzer.
"Victor matrix BVE-49004. Uccello volante (Valzer) / Giuseppe Abbate ; Michele Scoma." Discography of American Historical Recordings. UC Santa Barbara Library, 2019. Web. 22 April 2019.