humbly, addressing the last speaker, "I seem to know your voice.
Your name, if you please?"
there is a change in you. I never saw you look the like before.
I know, my wife has got another man."
thought, so that it was all we could do to restrain our laughter.
stifled mirth, they only gave ever new point to the jest.
Breton to bring round the horses.
landed me in this foolish plight.
stocks this time," the rogue continued with a grimace.
bursting, and the moment he caught sight of us opened fire.
scheme of that party. I have said so."
"What, strolling clowns?" M. Grabot rejoined, his face falling.
M. le Comte into the matter."
"Umph!" his brother Mayor said, "I don't know these gentlemen."
mirth at the DENOUEMENT which he anticipated.
your charge quickly, for I have to be in Vitre to-day."
"He alleged that he had been appointed Mayor of Bottitort,"
hither on a fool's errand. Which one?"
gravity and depression were now something preternatural.
"Oh!" M. de Laval grumbled. "But that is not all, I suppose.
a tone of boundless surprise, "what are you doing in this GALERE!
All last evening I waited for you, at my house, and now--"
"MON DIEU!" he cried. "I don't understand it!"
friend the Mayor call tell you."
"Is the Marquis de Rosny, President of the Council, blockhead!"
conspiracy? Have you dared to bring me here--"
and I shall now have the pleasure of your company to Vitre."
consequences of no little importance.
early, but had later gone into the garden, was still in waiting.
early part of these memoirs.
and, like my own, allied to several of the first consequence.
timidity in his manner, that he was something out of the common.
"So you have come to Paris to make your fortune?" I said.
continued, between jest and earnest.
horses, two suits of clothes, and two hundred crowns."
"You think that those will suffice?" I said, laughing.
of all the St. Mesmins he did not value himself least.
what plans you have formed for yourself."
exceeded that of his words. But I did not betray the feeling.
"Crillon was one in a million," I said drily.
"So am I," he answered.
pockets than his sword its sheath.
"How many crowns are ]eft?" I said jocularly.
"Fifty," he answered, with perfect readiness.
indignation I felt, "has this cost the balance?
suits to my wardrobe, and I have lost fifty crowns on the dice."
"You promise well!" I said.
He shrugged his shoulders quite in the fashionable manner.
"Always courage!" he said; and he went on, smiling.
principals in the FRACAS. They were no other than M. de St.
young St. Germain, the eldest son of M. de Clan.
some made their advantage of, had accused Barradas of cheating.
had won by betting on Barradas.
you won my money. You must pay or fight."
"With a dead man?" St. Germain replied, gibing at him.
coffin, and do not trouble me."
and if you did know, fight."
mean to say that I knew that he cheated?"
discussing the latest developments with the King--I forgot St.
in a degree for my forgetfulness.
"No! He, Barradas!" Saintonge answered.
"Well," I said, "there is one scoundrel the less. That is all."
"Ah, but that is not all!" my visitor replied more seriously.
to you. You know St. Germain?"
LETTRE DE CACHET or anything else you please, and away with him."
"What! St. Germain?" I said.
"Oh," I said, "I see."
exercised towards my kinsman as a direct offence to myself.
"And you wish him to--"
Saintonge continued bitterly, "only for fair play and no favour.
now, and--faugh! it makes me sick."
"Yes," I said drily; "I see."
"Yes," I said, "I think so."
than is due to me and to the King's honour."
the King put it forth.
without sound, his hands fumbling on his knees.
"But," I said, "your son wishes to fight, M. de Clan?"
"And you cannot hinder him?"
He shrugged his shoulders grimly. "No," he said; "he is a St.
King of Navarre slept under the same bush with Antoine St.
fury as in the morning, contrived to inflict on his opponent.
furious tirade against the young fellow.
that he was a young man quite to your mind; and--"
"He is mad!" he answered.
Saintonge by proposing for her!"
"Pheugh!" I said. "That is serious."
"He--he! I don't think I shall ever get over it!" he answered.
"He has, of course, seen Mademoiselle?"
"Of course!" he replied, with a snap of rage.
"Then I am afraid it is serious," I said.
to quarrel with me. Then he asked me why.
"this young man appears to me to be very much out of the common.
take my advice, you will proceed with caution."
almost bursting with rage. "Proceed with caution!" he cried.
Bastille for a month or two."
"Impossible," I said firmly. "Quite impossible, M. le Marquis."
my answer was to him.
opponent more courageous and not less stubborn than himself.
render him almost beside himself.
and threatened the more persistent the suitor showed himself.
in which Saintonge's aid was no longer of importance.
especially as the provocation seemed to many to justify it. St.
tripping some night--and for the last time.
do if a hair of St. Mesmin's head were injured.
before I could rise or speak, that St. Mesmin had been murdered.
"How?" I said, somewhat startled. "And when?"
in stubbornness with St. Mesmin's--I learned the particulars.
waving him off. "Go! do you hear? I am busy," I continued.
the moon under the citizens' windows? Be off, sir!"
done at once, a bloody fray was imminent.
He shrugged his shoulders. "What can I think, your Excellency?"
he said. "What else was to be expected?"
"You take it for granted that M. de Saintonge is guilty?"
"The young man is gone," he answered pithily.
investigated and justice done. I still had good hopes that St.
support his son's petition; and at the King's LEVEE next day St.
and indecent scene in the chamber.
who had ever offended him, clamoured for justice; while St.
failing that, to refer the matter to the Parliament.
interposed and managed at length to procure silence.
"that you did use some expressions of that kind."
"Yes, sire, and did nothing upon them," he answered resentfully.
antagonist, and the latter's violence shook him.
proposal for his daughter? and that he rejected it?"
"when you know that be is dead!"
am tired; I have suffered enough."
him, and you, and all your crew!"
had too much noise introduced into this already."
door. There stood his son!
perplexity, began to make a shrewd guess at the truth.
"This is a very timely return, M. de St. Mesmin," he said drily.
"Yes, sire," the young impertinent answered, not a whit abashed.
undertaken to use that influence with Mademoiselle which--"
and promising that St. Mesmin should never want his good offices.
and coolness exceeded the common conceit of courtiers.
in the more serious cares which now demand our notice.
compeer of the King my master, I should labour in vain.
sentiments which Queen Elizabeth entertained towards him.
Unfortunately I was not able to impart these on the instant.
shortly to be brought to bed, led him to take the road to Paris.
will give you a receipt for them."
papers in a mass on the table, handed them in detail to Ferret.
again, and yet again. Still it was not to be found.
until another occasion for its use arose.
opened, yet the sealed packet was missing.
heat. "Has this been out of your custody?"
"The bag?" he answered, looking at it. Then his face changed.
"You have cut your finger, my lord," he said.
even awoke my suspicions. "Silence!" I said, "and answer me.
replied straightforwardly that he had not.
"I have no key, your excellency."
difficulties, I dismissed the matter from my mind.
words which I was dictating to my secretary dying on my lips.
feelings from those about me.
been taken ill or so the rumour went.
"The King was with her?"
"Had he left her long when he sent this letter?"
"It came from her chamber, your excellency."
instant attendance in the queen's closet.
and in five minutes be at his service.
ado followed him towards the queen's apartments.
movement but did not answer.
"Do you wish me to ask him?" Henry said with admirable patience.
"I will, then," he answered, and he turned to me. "M. de Rosny,"
come to be in Madame de Verneuil's possession."
been much exercised in your service."
Henry's face grew red with vexation. "Speak, man!" he cried.
"How came she by it?"
"Madame de Verneuil?" I said.
sir," she said scornfully, "and tell him what to say?"
I did not give Madame de Verneuil this key?"
given her all else. You cannot deny it."
his teeth; "and tell me. VENTRE SAINT GRIS--are you dumb, man?"
love me, carried a double sting.
authority Madame de Verneuil was said to have the cipher.
the King did not give it to her, who did?"
"That is the question, madam," I said.
"But, perhaps, madam, she will not answer," I ventured.
it! Go--go!" he continued, quite beside himself with fury.
on the road to Paris with the news.
its consequences outstrip any that might flow from his wrath.
carelessness than all your services have done good."
of this as must convince her.
proposed--Maignan's suggestions being especially violent.
marriage. But in a dangerous case any remedy is welcome.
honour--from M. de Rosny!" she said, flouting me with her eyes.
moved, "to inquire how you obtained possession of his cipher."
"He does not know, madame," I answered severely.
indisposed yesterday, and kept the King in attendance all day.
"Madame,"I said, "may I speak plainly to you?"
rough times; but is now growing--"
"A trifle exigeant and superfluous."
"No more than I am afraid of yours," she answered hardily.
"But if the King is disappointed in his hopes?"
"Yet, believe me, madame, you run some risk."
sternly. "Whereas, what do you gain?"
sparkled and her colour rose, "if you like, I will tell you.
ruined me, you and your queen between you, and I will ruin you!"
tell me that which I am here to learn--I will!"
King, the queen! Not for a million crowns, M. de Rosny!"
"And that is your answer, madame?" I said, choking with rage.
It had been long since any had dared so to beard me.
has served my turn. What the King gave me, I give you."
I mechanically held in my hand.
tell me how Madame got it."
secreted it, probably while I was attending to my hand.
marked way, retired slowly to the farther end of the walk.
confidence, as one soon to be out of his councils also.
could not restrain his curiosity, looked up so that our eyes met.
with the lengths to which he had already carried his displeasure.
But he turned again, with a light laugh.
grows older, M. de Rosny," he said, smirking at his companions.
"His sight seems to be failing."
him presently what you say."
as he passed. Freed from him, Henry stood a moment hesitating.
"I have been on your Majesty's business," I answered.
well. Sillery has seen her, and will tell you so."
who knew me well, pricked up his ears.
"And if so?" Sillery asked, haughtily. "What do you mean?"
you a receipt for the papers he took."
"For the papers he took with my knowledge--yes, sire."
"Not so--with your Majesty's leave," I said, interposing quickly.
think that Madame has betrayed him."
"Very well," Henry said. "Then let us go."
whether I were again in favour or now on my trial.
me from him at last, "what shall I say to you?"
"The queen is satisfied, sire?"
"Perfectly; and desires to be commended to you."
Henry nodded, with a look in his face that I did not understand.
I started. "What?" I said. "Has he--"
you the surprise which I am preparing for the queen."
the blame where it should rest.
VI. THE MAN OF MONCEAUX.
ready, and then to join him.
household with more haste and less ceremony than was my wont.
I rose, as to leave the report where I had laid it on the table.
that I should find the packet where I had left it.
thither in haste. I found Maignan already there, with M.
returned at the end of half an hour with long faces and no news.
that I retained my coolness and composure.
betrayal by them in a matter so important.
lay the key to the enigma.
meaning. I cried out to know if they had found the paper.
tell you what I have learned."
"She is Vilain's cousin?" I said.
"I know who has it!" she answered, in a voice choked with sobs.
"My cousin, M. de Vilain."
"Ha! and has taken it to his house?"
evening to hand it to an agent of the Spanish ambassador.
"But, girl," I said sternly, "how do you know this?"
formed a convenient place for such a transaction.
"He will have it about him?" I said.
there, if the agent could not keep the appointment."
top of his voice: "Back! back! Go back!"


text:
Antonio Gibson, RB (WAS)
Bothered by foot
Nov 30 10:28am
Gibson was a limited practice participant Wednesday due to a foot injury, John Keim of ESPN.com reports.
The foot issue may have been a factor in Gibson garnering fewer touches (12) than Brian Robinson (22) in Sunday's 19-13 win over Atlanta, after the reverse had been true the week before, when Gibson took 21 touches to Robinson's 15 in a win over Houston. It's also possible the foot injury had nothing to do with it and the Commanders simply stuck with Robinson after he got off to a strong start in the first half. Whatever the case, Gibson's ability to practice in any capacity at the beginning of the week suggests he's more likely than not to play this Sunday in a matchup between NFC East wild-card contenders.
More Washington Commanders Fantasy Football News
Dax Milne
WR | WAS
No catches since November
Milne finished the 2022 season with six catches for 37 yards, 40 punt returns for 311 yards and 15 kickoff returns for 300 yards.
QB | WAS
Facing uncertain future
Commanders general manager Martin Mayhew declined to give a direct answer when asked Tuesday if Wentz will be back with the team in 2023, Scott Abraham of 7 News Washington reports.
Logan Thomas
TE | WAS
Held to 16 yards in finale
Thomas caught two of three targets for 16 yards in Sunday's 26-6 win over Dallas.
Finishes season with whimper
Samuel lost six yards on two touches in Sunday's 26-6 win over Dallas.
RB | WAS
Held to 41 yards in start
Williams took 14 carries for 32 yards and two catches for nine yards in Sunday's 26-6 win over Dallas.
Jahan Dotson
Solid numbers to wrap up season
Dotson caught three of four targets for 72 yards in Sunday's 26-6 win over the Cowboys.
Hauls in TD against Cowboys
McLaurin caught three of six targets for 74 yards and a touchdown in Sunday's 26-6 win over Dallas.
Jaret Patterson
Leading rusher against Dallas
Patterson carried the ball 17 times for 78 yards and failed to catch his only target in Sunday's 26-6 win over the Cowboys.
Sam Howell
Collects win in first career start
Howell completed 11 of 19 passes for 169 yards and a touchdown with an interception in Sunday's 26-6 win over the Cowboys. He added 35 rushing yards and a TD on five carries.
Inactive Sunday
Wentz is inactive for Sunday's season finale against the Cowboys.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


STOB EHT is Photobook documenting LA band 'The Bots' on tour around Europe, shot by Dan Wilton. I edited the selections of the shots, alongside the photographer, and created the layout of the zine. Limited editions of the issues come with a tie-dye sleeve, created by Wilton and The Bots themselves.


text:
Daniel Levy: Apartheid Label Must Be a Wakeup Call
Daniel Levy, President of the U.S./Middle East Project
Meeting of the United Nations Security Council, Thursday, August 25, 2022
"The Situation in the Middle East Including the Palestinian Question"
I would like to thank the Council and the Chinese presidency in particular for allowing me to share some thoughts with you today. The events of earlier this month covered in detail by Special Envoy Wennesland are as concerning as they are predictable. To be very clear, Israelis deserve security; Palestinians deserve security.
Mr President, month in and month out the Council meets to repeat its familiar condemnations, formulas and slogans. I want to use this opportunity to rethink and re-appraise some assumptions and beliefs that may inadvertently contribute to the intractability in Israel-Palestine—to consider afresh, reasons why this conflict remains so prone to stalemate and human suffering.
I suggest to do this through 5 concepts that may assist us in such an endeavour:
First, Justice: The permanent dispossession and denial of the most basic rights and freedoms to the Palestinian people will never be a recipe for achieving sustainable security: this, the illegal blockade of Gaza and the unlawful occupation, represents forms of structural violence and collective punishment that we cannot ignore.
While the need for a political horizon is acknowledged, the dimensions of that horizon shrink and shrivel, becoming ever less ambitious.
There can be no effective or prolonged approach to Gaza in isolation—it is part of broader Israeli-Palestinian realities—in terms of security, the separation policy and closure. And crucially, there is a need to respect international law across the board—whether in state responses to armed threats or partisan resistance against state occupation.
Also in this context, there is a need for Palestinian political renewal, internal reconciliation and overcoming of divisions as well as an international need to engage all relevant actors without applying unrealistic and selective preconditions.
Second, Equilibrium: Any attempt to resume negotiations between the parties without addressing power asymmetries is a hollow and redundant exercise. As Comfort Ero, president of Crisis Group—with whom my organization the U.S./Middle East Project cooperates extensively—noted to this Council recently— "the structural power imbalance between an occupying state and an occupied people must be acknowledged." A focus on relations of power rather than both sides-ism offers a path to clarity of thinking and policy.
As an example, attempts at economic confidence building measures are consistently too little, too late, and too ephemeral when attempted under conditions of a permanent, relentless and expanding matrix of occupation. This defies principles of harmony and reciprocity.
Especially with global resources stretched thin, the Palestinian economic predicament must be understood primarily as a function of politically imposed obstacles—on movement, borders, access to land, confiscations, demolitions and ever-expanding settlements—rather than an absence of charity. Economic palliatives under occupation deepen dependence and enmity.
We have heard the briefing of UNRWA Commissioner General Lazzarini. There must be an
economic commitment to a predictably resourced UNRWA capable of delivering services, not only a security necessity but also a political commitment to the Palestinian refugees who continue to be denied a solution.
Third, Accountability: I have previously highlighted to this Council two core problems; a legitimacy deficit in Palestinian politics and an accountability deficit viz Israel's policies. It is Israel's actions as the powerful occupying party that pre-eminently determine the direction of travel of this conflict.
Profound shifts are occurring as a result of the unwillingness to hold Israel to account not least on settlements.
Recent months have witnessed a disturbing intensification of that trend as Israel has targeted those least able to protect themselves and those most in the frontline bearing witness to violations of international law.
Following the shock expressed by Secretary General Guterres over the number of Palestinian children killed and maimed by Israeli forces last year, we have continued to see the same trend and suffering among the very young in Gaza this month.
We have witnessed the killing of those who report on and expose these crimes, Shireen Abu Akleh, being the latest journalist to pay with her life. And now the assault on those who document abuses and defend human rights, as well as community service providers, with Israel's actions against six prominent Palestinian civil society organizations.
Following a terror designation having been made against the six NGOs by the Israeli authorities, a number of countries went on record that compelling evidence had not been forthcoming. Now in the past week, the offices of these organizations have been raided and shuttered and their workers interrogated.
A response limited to expressions of condemnation is too easily dismissed. This is impunity on steroids, it encourages more of the same or worse.
There should be practical consequences at a multilateral and bilateral level. We already have a hollowed out Palestinian polity and economy; this is now an attempt to emaciate Palestinian civil society.
Fourth, Context: It is no exaggeration to characterize the current global disorder as a world in metamorphosis—dangerously combustible while potentially rewarding if we can be innovative while realistic.
In this respect, the Abraham Accords can be many things, but they cannot be a substitute or distraction from securing peace and the rights of Palestinians. If not properly managed, normalisation risks further nurturing a misplaced Israeli sense that the Palestinians can be ignored and marginalised.
It is also the case that international law and principles purported to be universal cannot be asserted only when it is convenient and then set aside when friends or allies appear in the role of perpetrator. Our world is too transparent, these things are noticed.
Fifth and finally, Architecture: I would suggest that contrary to a prevailing perception of stuckness and stalemate, in actual fact, Israelis and Palestinians are passing through a quite profound transition.
Let me close by briefly explaining why.
Talk of the eclipse of a two-state option is neither alarmist nor farfetched, rather, it is a sober and probably behind-the-curve rendering of the lived reality. I would say that for Israel itself, the absence of an off-ramp on this journey toward a new paradigm should be cause for concern—placing in jeopardy that country's future.
Neither Palestinians nor Israelis will disappear and finding a just way to live together has never been more urgent.
This profound shift will, over time, likely take every state represented here out of their comfort zone.
We know of certain developments that can at the same time be both politically uncomfortable and politically salient. The increasingly weighty body of scholarly, legal and public opinion that has designated Israel to be perpetrating apartheid in the territories under its control is just such a development.
A designation made by Palestinian scholars and institutes, later examined and endorsed by the Israeli human rights community led by B'tselem, has now become the legal designation made by Human Rights Watch and this year by Amnesty International.
This is what the failure to generate accountability and to achieve two states looks like.
As uncomfortable as it is for some, I urge his chamber not to underestimate the longer-term significance and traction of what is happening. At the Human Rights Council meetings in Geneva this March, states speaking on behalf of the African group, the Arab group and the OIC group, all referenced this apartheid situation.
It will come as little surprise if this echoes and resonates in parts of the world that have experienced apartheid and settler colonialism and have gone through decolonisation. It is a paradigm that will also bring the discrimination faced by Palestinian citizens of Israel into sharper relief.
It must be a wakeup call.
75 years ago, this United Nations offered partition as the political paradigm for the Holy Land. Today that land is de facto united under one dominion.
Absent unprecedentedly far-reaching action to make good on partition, your successors in this chamber will come to debate the challenge of achieving equality under a reality of non-partition.
Mr. President, if the Council seriously considers these five principles and their implications, we may find a way out of the repetitive impasse—the familiar condemnations, formulas and slogans—and perhaps usher in a new opening and path to justice and equilibrium for Palestinians and Israelis.
Daniel Levy is president of the US/Middle East Project (USMEP) and a member of the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR). He was an advisor to Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, an Israeli official for Israel/Palestine talks under Barak and Itzhak Rabin, and a founder of J Street.
This entry was posted in MRSCP and tagged Apartheid, Economy, Gaza, Home Demolition, Israel Lobby, Settlements, Siege, Travel Restrictions, Violence by Admin. Bookmark the permalink.


River Oaks is an affluent community located in the geographic center of Houston, Texas, United States. Located within the 610 Loop and between Downtown and Uptown. River Oaks is one of the wealthiest communities in Texas and the United States. The community is home to River Oaks Country Club. The Houston Independent School District operates the public schools serving River Oaks. River Oaks is within the Houston Community College System boundaries. Four-year universities and colleges in close proximity to River Oaks include University of St. Thomas in Neartown and Rice University in the Houston Museum District.


London 2012: Tahmina Kohistani Plays, not as much for the gold medal as for the encouragement of Afghan girls.
For Tahmina Kohistani, the barely controlled chaos of London 2012 must seem positively serene compared to her life at home in Afghanistan, where her daily training sessions are conducted to a soundtrack of catcalls from hundreds of abusive men.
Whenever the sprinter trains for the 100 metres at Kabul Stadium, crowds soon appear to jeer and hurl insults at her and question why a woman would even think of taking to the track.
"The people don't like women to play sport," Kohistani explains matter-of-factly, leaning forward on her sofa in the athletes' village cafe.
One day about a month ago the abuse reached a higher pitch than usual and her coach intervened. "What is your problem? Why are you disturbing my athlete?" he asked them. Then a brawl broke out.
It was too much for Kohistani who realised the men were right, her Olympic dream was madness.
But this submission did not last for long.
"Whenever you want to do something you are faced with some challenges and some problems," she says.
This experience of ongoing warfare still colours Kohistani.
"Right now in my country every day there are bomb blasts, there is killing – it is very important for me to represent a country that has lots of problems like this.
That is not the only message she hopes to deliver over the next fortnight. She is also determined to encourage more women to follow her out of the home.
"In Afghanistan, society for women is not good," she says. "They don't have time to think about themselves.
The other five, male, members of the country's Olympics team have welcomed her, but even so, "sometimes when they are sitting together, I feel very absent because I am the only girl". This is why she will not feel proud of competing in the Games until her country fields more than one woman.
Changing this, she says, is more important to her than winning a medal. Which is probably just as well, given that her personal best is 13.95sec and she qualifies for the Games under the International Olympic Committee's universality programme to encourage more women to compete.
Thanks @Asim for your first comment.


This paper considers the cross-cultural validity of standard social indicators with reference to the Indigenous population of Australia. Official indicators of the labour force status of Indigenous Australians, developed from 1991 Census data, are critically examined in terms of their methodological and conceptual bases, and in light of information from ethnographic field studies. The paper argues that while the indicators may be useful in highlighting broad socioeconomic disadvantage among Indigenous Australians, a range of cultural factors directly influence data collection and statistical outcomes, so that resulting indicators of employment and unemployment have significant shortcomings. In particular, the indicators are found to underestimate the extent of Indigenous unemployment and especially long-term unemployment, to display definitional ambiguity, obscure key characteristics of Indigenous involvement in the mainstream labour market, and ignore culturally-grounded economic decisions. However, these shortcomings of the labour force indicators are counterbalanced by the growing reliance by government and Indigenous groups alike, on the available markers of the continuing economic disadvantage of Indigenous people relative to other Australians. Finally, options are presented for expanding the accuracy and validity of official indicators.


Rubavi meaning is to catch or take something from and the definition of a rubavi is a word that expresses action or a state of being. Rubavi vary by type, and each type is determined by the kinds of words that accompany it and the relationship those words have with the verb itself.
Rubavi definition can find in Rubavi Facts - Do Rubavi and Like Rubavi terms.
What Is The Meaning Of Rubavi ? Rubavi Noun ~ a book of synonyms, often including related and contrasting words and antonyms..
Rubavi Verb ~ the part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence.


Missouri Governor Jay Nixon has filed a request that over 60 percent of the state be declared a major disaster area.
In a press release, Nixon announced his request to the federal government that 70 of Missouri's 114 counties be made eligible for public and/or individual assistance.
The request comes as a result of several severe storm systems that have ripped through the area since mid May.
The counties listed in Nixon's request for public assistance include Audrain, Knox, Lewis, Lincoln, Marion, Monroe, Pike, Ralls, Schuyler and Shelby counties in northeast Missouri.
Individual assistance is also being sought for residents in Knox, Lewis and Marion counties.


text:
Linda Ronstadt Speaks About Kennedy Center Honor, Plans to Attend Ceremony
July 23, 2019 | Published in Linda Ronstadt
Linda Ronstadt performing in 1978. CC by SA 3.0. Credit: Carl Lender
Linda Ronstadt tells the Los Angeles Times in a new interview that she plans to attend the Kennedy Center Honors ceremony this year when she is recognized by the D.C. institution as one of its five 2019 recipients.
"I never thought I would receive something like this," she said of the distinction. "I love the eclecticism of it."
Ronstadt, 73, retired in 2011 and was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 2012, leaving her unable to sing. She tells the Times she will attend the December ceremony as long as she feels up to traveling at the time.
Ronstadt will receive the honor alongside Earth, Wind and Fire, actress Sally Field, composer and pianist Michael Tilson Thomas and the television show Sesame Street. She joins a list of previous honorees that include Carole King, Aretha Franklin, Elton John, James Taylor, The Eagles, Sting, Billy Joel, Carlos Santana, Led Zeppelin, Paul McCartney, Buddy Guy, Bruce Springsteen, Brian Wilson, and The Eagles, among others.
In addition to her Kennedy Center Honors, Linda Ronstandt has earned 10 Grammy Awards, 3 American Music Awards, 2 Academy of Country Music Awards, an Emmy Award and an ALMA Award. In 2014 she received a National Medal of Arts and Humanities. The same year, she was induced into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Earlier this year, she released her first ever live album, Live in Hollywood.
On September 6th, a new documentary about the legendary singer will screen in theatres. The Sound of My Voice tells the story of Ronstadt's career and her struggle with Parksinson's, told through her own words and music, and through interviews with Jackson Browne, Aaron Neville, Bonnie Raitt, Dolly Parton, Emmylou Harris and more. The film premiered earlier this year at the Tribeca Film Festival.
Aretha Franklin Honors Carole King at Kennedy Center
Linda Ronstadt "You're No Good" (from Live in Hollywood)
In this article: Linda Ronstadt
15 Patriotic Classic Rock Songs for Your Independence Day Playlist
Watch Linda Ronstadt's "Just One Look" from Her First-Ever Live Album


IndietroDid I blow my Speaker after playing a 22 kHz tone?
Do you have access to a good set of speakers which you can connect to your system? Or, a set of headphones to see if you killed the speaker.
As the system is so new you might just bring it into an Apple Store and have them replace the speaker If you are sure its blown. Its still under warranty!
As the system is so new you might just bring it into an Apple Store and have them replace the speaker If you are sure its blown.


We had the privilege of visiting a Christian school and watching a program during their spiritual emphasis week. Being very impressed about the message that was shared, it came to mind that the subject was one that many struggle with daily. The message taken from Eph. 2:10 "For we are God's [own] handiwork (His workmanship), recreated in Christ Jesus, [born anew] that we may do those good works which God predestined (planned beforehand) for us [taking paths which He prepared ahead of time], that we should walk in them [living the good life which He prearranged and made ready for us to live]."
This verse is talking about us being God's 'masterpiece', His work of art, NOT being saved BY good works BUT saved TO DO good works. And walking in the paths He has already prepared for us so that we can complete our destiny, which is His purpose.
The issue at hand is that numerous people don't see themselves as God's masterpiece. They might refer to themselves as a 'real piece of work' in a derogatory way. Mainly because for years, they've listened to the lies of the devil; to things like, 'you're not very smart', 'you're not going to amount to anything', 'no one cares about you', or 'you're a problem - a mistake'. And whether it was from relatives, school mates, instructors or just self inflicted thoughts, they were still lies from the devil.
Eph. 2:10 says, "For we are God's [own] handiwork (His workmanship), recreated in Christ Jesus, [born anew]....." You are NOT a mistake! You were created to do good works that God predetermined for YOU! YOU were in the mind of God long before you were born. He intended for you to BE! He deliberately created YOU! YOU are His work of art, masterfully, wonderfully fashioned! When you come to realize that you were a deliberate creation, then you can comprehend the full scope of His purpose for you.
Take time today to say, "I am God's Masterpiece, His workmanship! I am recreated in Christ Jesus! I am part of God's plan. Lord I ask You to reveal the path You have ordained for me that I might live the good life and do good works to glorify You."


After a dreary winter, you may be looking forward to the summer months. That is because they mean unlimited sunlight and warm weather. But unfortunately, summer doesn't come as soon as winter is over. But there are still ways you can enjoy some warm weather during the spring months. This would be by going somewhere warm for your spring break. However, we understand that many would not know how to plan this trip. But if they do some research they can easily find out all that they have to know.
We know that as a college student there are some common or popular things that are expected of you. For instance, every college student may be looking for a villa in Bali for rent. But we understand that this may not be your idea of fun. You and your friends may not want to go crazy in Florida. Instead, maybe you want to backpack through Europe. Furthermore, you may want to go and relax on a tropical island.
Well if that is the case then you should do something you like instead of following the stereotypes. However, we also understand that not everyone can afford villas. You may not even be able to afford a plane ticket. Then, in that case, you should not think twice about staying at home. That is because this way you can either spend time with your family or even watch Netflix all day. Link here https://www.bali-villas.com.au/search/uluwatu provide an ideal villa that you can stay comfortably.
A mistake that many college students make is that they wait until the last minute to book their tickets. When they do this they would be forced to pay an astronomical amount. Thus, that is why we advise you to book ahead. That is because this way you have time to compare the prices offered by different airlines. Furthermore, in this way you also go through various deal websites. That is because they tend to off amazing promotions and discounts. Therefore you would be able to go on a trip at the fraction of the price.
There are some students who would be happy partying throughout their spring break. But there are also others who may be interested in going to some restaurants and tourist spots. Therefore in that case what you need to do is make a bucket list of places to visit. We cannot guarantee that you would be able to go everywhere. But you can still try to visit some of them.
Thus, with the help of these tips, you can easily have the best trip.


Lately after moving processed images from one folder to another I've found stray xmp files in the original folder. I've verified the files in the destination folder have xmps. The ones left behind seem to be basic xmp files with just info PSu may assign when importing the RAWs as they don't have any catalog labels, headline, etc.
They don't seem to be left over from all the files that were in the original folder, just some of them.
Any thoughts why they would exist?


The stable Android 9 pie update in China received Huawei Mate 9. Huawei Mate 9 was the company's flagship smartphone in 2016, a predecessor for Huawei Mate 10 and Mate 20. The update comes with build 9.0.1.150 and features a series of new Huawei Mate 9 features. The update includes HiVision, a Google Lens-like tool to identify items, count the calories and translate them in real-time. It has not only been delivered to Huawei Share to allow users to print documents wirelessly with one click.
The upgraded Android Pie Update UI has been received by Huawei Mate 9. The update introduces the user interface as minimalist and natural. Users can verify the time spent using each app and viewing notifications with the new Android version. ITHome reported the update first.
Currently this update is only available for owners of the Huawei Mate 9 in China and should be available to users worldwide soon. The smartphone started with Android 7.0 Nougat in November 2016. The phone was updated to Android Oreo after about a year. This is the second big Android update received by the smartphone.
The 5.9 inche Full-HD (1080x1920) IPS display is available on the Huawei Mate 9. It is equipped with 64 GB built-in microSD card storage (up to 256 GB, double SIM design) and sports 4000mAh battery. A dual camera setup is also provided with a Monochrome 20 megapixel sensor and a RGB 12 megapixel sensor with apertures both f/2.2. The Kirin 960 octa-core SoC is powered by a HiSilicon, together with 4 GB RAM.


text:
Zibelle steht für:

 Niwica (), eine Ortschaft in der Gemeinde Trzebiel, Powiat Żarski, Polen.
 Zibarte, eine Wildpflaume aus der Gattung Prunus.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Love a sugar hit? Your sweet tooth may hail from an unlikely source: your liver. A hormone made by the organ appears to control how much carbohydrate and sugar we want to eat, and helps slow us down when we are overindulging.
The hormone, called FGF21, has already been found to help obese mice lose weight and regain their sensitivity to insulin. A modified form is currently in clinical trials to test whether it has the same effect in people with diabetes.
Our bodies break down carbohydrates into sugars such as sucrose, glucose and fructose. Recent genetic studies have suggested that people with altered levels of FGF21 consume more carbohydrates.
To find out more, a team co-led by Matthew Potthoff at the University of Iowa observed the eating habits of mice with either abnormally high or low levels of the hormone. They found that mice genetically modified to lack the hormone chose to drink much higher levels of sugar-sweetened drinks than normal mice. Those given an extra dose of the hormone, on the other hand, reduced their sugar intake.
The team also showed that the hormone is produced in response to high carbohydrate levels; it then enters the bloodstream, where it sends a signal to the brain to suppress our sugar intake. In people, blood levels of FGF21 triple 24 hours after a spike in blood sugar levels.
When monkeys were given the synthetic version of the hormone being tested in clinical trials, they also opted for a diet low in sugar, according to a separate study by Steven Kliewer at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and colleagues. The team also found that these monkeys consumed less alcohol than those that weren't given the compound.
Interestingly, FGF21 only seems to affect the intake of simple carbohydrates – those found in cakes and biscuits, for example, that get broken down into sugars quickly. It has no effect on complex carbs that take longer to break down. Other appetite regulating hormones exist, such as ghrelin and leptin made by gut and fat cells respectively, but these act more broadly. FGF21 is the first hormone found to act on a specific nutrient.
Potthoff thinks that the hormone might affect the brain's reward pathways, dialling down the appeal of otherwise enjoyable sweets and alcohol. The same might apply to addictive drugs, he speculates.
If FGF21 is the simple carbohydrate regulator, the next step is to determine whether other unidentified hormones regulate our intake of complex carbohydrates, proteins and fats. If such compounds exist, a combination could potentially be used to encourage people to eat healthy, balanced diets.


You may have heard plenty of myths about root canals, which can increase your stress and anxiety about the procedure. But the truth is that millions of people have root canal treatment every year. When researching root canal treatment in the 80909 area, knowing the facts can help you make more informed decisions and put your mind at ease.


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Bernard MacMahon is a  British-American film director and screenwriter.

Early life
Bernard MacMahon was born in England and grew up in South London. He developed an interest in early American cinema at a young age and was shooting and editing 8 mm short films by the age of 12. MacMahon said "America has fascinated me since I was a child. My big love is American cinema, especially early American cinema, and I've always been fascinated by that period in the 20s when the technology and artistic language of film was being invented."

Film career
Bernard MacMahon's debut film was American Epic, an award-winning documentary film series about the first recordings of roots music in the United States during the 1920s and their cultural, social and technological impact on North America and the world. Directed and co-written by MacMahon, the story was told through twelve ethnically and musically diverse musicians who auditioned for and participated in those pioneering recording sessions; The Carter Family, the Memphis Jug Band, Elder J.E. Burch, The Williamson Brothers, Dick Justice, Charley Patton, The Hopi Indian Chanters, Joseph Kekuku, Lydia Mendoza, the Breaux Family, Mississippi John Hurt, and Blind Willie Johnson.

The film series was created, written and produced by MacMahon, Allison McGourty and Duke Erikson. It was first broadcast on May 16, 2017 in the United States and was narrated by Robert Redford. The film was the result of ten years of intensive field research and postulated a radically new take on American history, namely that America was democratized through the invention of electrical sound recording and the subsequent auditions the record labels held across North America in the late 1920s, which were open to every ethnic minority and genre of music. The films contained many previously untold stories, a vast amount of previously unseen and extremely rare archival footage and dramatically advanced audio restorations of the 1920s and 1930s recordings. When MacMahon presented his vision for the films and the archival footage to Robert Redford at their first meeting, Redford pronounced it "America's greatest untold story". Many critics have cited the American Epic films as being one of the best music documentaries ever made.

During production of the American Epic documentary series, MacMahon directed and co-wrote The American Epic Sessions, a documentary film in which a sound engineer restored the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925 and twenty contemporary artists paid tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years. The film starred Steve Martin, Nas, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Alabama Shakes, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, The Avett Brothers, Rhiannon Giddens, and Beck. The American Epic Sessions employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine. It also explored the extent to which the recordings made on it in the 1920s influenced and inspired contemporary music. The film involved a decade of work restoring the machine, which was pieced together from spare parts scattered across the globe, in order to better understand the origins of modern recording technology, and the influence the machine had on world culture. The film received widespread acclaim for its direction, musical performances, sound and cinematography.

In September 2017 the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools announced a nine-month preschool to high school educational program based on MacMahon's American Epic films beginning on October 6, 2017. The school founded by American educator John Dewey in 1896 has over 2,015 students enrolled in 15 grades. The program featured MacMahon and producer and co-writer Allison McGourty as Artists-in-Residence.

MacMahon draws and paints detailed storyboards and lighting designs in advance of production, and has stated that he was influenced by the cinematography of John J. Mescall and the painting of Diego Velázquez. He is a member of the Directors Guild of America, the Television Academy, the Writers Guild of America West, the Sundance Institute and is the co-founder of Lo-Max Films.

Awards and honors
The American Epic documentary series and The American Epic Sessions film received a number of awards, including the Foxtel Audience Award at the 2016 Sydney Film Festival, the Audience Award and Discovery Award for Best First Time Director at the 2016 Calgary International Film Festival, and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy. MacMahon was nominated by the British Academy Film Awards as a Breakthrough Talent for directing The American Epic Sessions. On April 23, 2018, the Focal International Awards nominated MacMahon for Best Use of Footage in a History Feature and Best Use of Footage in a Music Production.

Filmography

Bibliography
MacMahon was the co-author of a collaborative memoir chronicling the 10-year odyssey researching and making the American Epic documentary films and The American Epic Sessions. The book was co-written with producer Allison McGourty, and music historian Elijah Wald. American Epic: The First Time America Heard Itself was published on May 2, 2017 by Simon & Schuster. The book was the winner of the 2017 Association for Recorded Sound Collections Award.

Discography
MacMahon was the co-composer of the film score for the American Epic documentaries and was the editor and compiler of a series of album releases that accompanied the American Epic films. These albums received widespread acclaim, with the 5-CD box set American Epic: The Collection being named as Rolling Stone's Reissue of the Year and many critics acclaiming it as being the best box set of its kind ever to be released.

References

Bibliography
 Wald, Elijah & McGourty, Allison & MacMahon, Bernard. American Epic: The First Time America Heard Itself. New York: Touchstone, 2017. .

External links
 American Epic website

Writers Guild of America
Living people
21st-century English writers
English cinematographers
English male screenwriters
English-language film directors
Film directors from London
Film producers from London
Writers from London
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century British screenwriters
21st-century English male writers


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Is there a person alive who doesn't like Dolly Parton? Here are some interesting facts about her. Just Dolly The name Dolly is often a nickname or "diminutive" of a more formal first name, particularly Dorothy or Dolores. Not for Dol...
Read More about Hello, Dolly!»
Fun Facts About Elvis
The Sound Most of the King's biographers attribute his singing style to black gospel and country music. But Elvis wanted to reach a wider audience, so he based his early vocal stylings on pop crooner Dean Martin. (For evidence, listen to El...
Read More about Fun Facts About Elvis»
Directed by Your Favorite Singer
Lots of musicians have given acting a try, like Cher and Eminem. A few have taken an even larger jump—from singing and writing songs…to directing movies. It hasn't always gone very well. MADONNA After more than two decades of lacing ...
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The Weird Hits Just Keep on Coming
What do an obscure '90s grunge tune and a repetitive song for toddlers have in common? They were both major pop hits…in 2019. Just When You Thought It Was Safe to Go Back in the Water Most record buyers (and downloaders) are adults, an...
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The Curse of Drake
As one of the world's most popular musicians right now, everything Drake touches turns to gold. Musically, that is. In the world of sports, an endorsement from the "Started From the Bottom" rapper-singer can seemingly doom an athlete. A...
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text:
2 Blood Biomarkers May Predict IPF Progression and Likely Outcomes, Study Reports
by Inês Martins PhD | June 20, 2016
Circulating levels of two biomarkers — matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) — may be effective predictors of disease progression and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), according to the study, "Comparative Study of Circulating MMP-7, CCL18, KL-6, SP-A, and SP-D as Disease Markers of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis," published in the journal Disease Markers.
IPF, characterized by progressive scarring of lung tissue, is a severe disease with poor survival rates (a median of two-to-three years after diagnosis). Computer tomography (CT) scans, lung biopsies, and lung function tests are commonly used to diagnosis IPF, but blood biomarkers that help to predict a patient's prognosis would be useful and non-invasive ways of following disease progression.
A number of molecules, including KL-6, surfactant protein-A (SP-A), and SP-D, have already been investigated and associated with poorer survival rates in IPF patients. The study's authors had previously examined and compared the diagnostic value of these three markers, and found that KL-6 could distinguish patients with bacterial pneumonia, which may lead to pulmonary fibrosis, from healthy volunteers.
Recent reports also suggest that MMP-7 and CC-chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), both found to be upregulated in IPF patients and associated with poorer prognosis, could also be potential diagnostic and prognostic disease markers.
The research team at School of Biomedical and Health Sciences in Hiroshima, Japan, performed direct comparisons of these five serum biomarkers for their usefulness in diagnosing and predicting the IPF prognosis. The serum levels of these molecules were measured in 65 patients with IPF, 31 patients with bacterial pneumonia, and 101 healthy controls.
Investigators found that all five biomarkers were elevated in IPF patients compared to controls, but only MMP-7, KL-6, and SP-D were significantly elevated in IPF patients compared to those with bacterial pneumonia. Further, only KL-6 levels were good indicators for distinguishing IPF patients from controls, and IPF from bacterial pneumonia.
The combination of high levels of KL-6 and MMP-7 was associated with poorer survival rates in IPF patients, suggesting that an assessment of both biomarkers may be more effective way of identifying patients at high risk than an evaluation of either biomarker alone.
Researchers say that a larger scale investigation is needed to confirm their findings and to improve the prognosis value of measuring both markers, but see these results as offering a means of predicting patient prognosis.
Inês Martins PhD Inês holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences from the University of Lisbon, Portugal, where she specialized in blood vessel biology, blood stem cells, and cancer. Before that, she studied Cell and Molecular Biology at Universidade Nova de Lisboa and worked as a research fellow at Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias and Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência. Inês currently works as a Managing Science Editor, striving to deliver the latest scientific advances to patient communities in a clear and accurate manner.
bacterial pneumonia, Biomarkers, CCL18, KL-6, MMP-7, prognosis, prognostic markers, SP-A, SP-D, survival


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The St Nazaire Raid or Operation Chariot was a British amphibious attack on the heavily defended Normandie dry dock at St Nazaire in German-occupied France during the Second World War. The operation was undertaken by the Royal Navy (RN) and British Commandos under the auspices of Combined Operations Headquarters on 28 March 1942. St Nazaire was targeted because the loss of its dry dock would force any large German warship in need of repairs, such as , sister ship of , to return to home waters by running the gauntlet of the Home Fleet of the Royal Navy and other British forces, via the English Channel or the North Sea.

The obsolete destroyer , accompanied by 18 smaller craft, crossed the English Channel to the Atlantic coast of France and was rammed into the Normandie dry dock south gate. The ship had been packed with delayed-action explosives, well hidden within a steel and concrete case, that detonated later that day, putting the dock out of service until 1948.

A force of commandos landed to destroy machinery and other structures. German gunfire sank, set ablaze, or immobilized virtually all the small craft intended to transport the commandos back to England. The commandos fought their way through the town to escape overland but many surrendered when they ran out of ammunition or were surrounded by the Wehrmacht defending Saint-Nazaire.

Of the 612 men who undertook the raid, 228 returned to Britain, 169 were killed and 215 became prisoners of war. German casualties included over 360 dead, some of whom were killed after the raid when Campbeltown exploded. To recognise their bravery, 89 members of the raiding party were awarded decorations, including five Victoria Crosses. After the war, St Nazaire was one of 38 battle honours awarded to the commandos. The operation has been called "the greatest raid of all" in British military circles.

Background
St Nazaire is on the north bank of the Loire,  from the nearest British port.  In 1942, it had a population of 50,000. The St Nazaire port has an outer harbour known as the Avant Port, formed by two piers jutting out into the Atlantic Ocean. This leads to two lock gates before the Bassin de St Nazaire. These gates control the water level in the basin so that it is not affected by the tide.

Beyond the basin is the larger inner dock called the Bassin de Penhoët, which can accommodate ships up to 10,000 tons. There is also an old entrance to the Bassin de St Nazaire midway along the Bassin de St Nazaire. Immediately upstream of this lies the Normandie dry dock, between the Bassin de St Nazaire and the Loire, with its southern end giving on to the Loire and the northern end facing into the Bassin de Penhoët. Built to house the ocean liner , this dock was the largest dry dock in the world when it was completed in 1932. The "Old Mole" jetty juts into the Loire halfway between the southern pier of the Avant Port and the old entrance into the basin.

On 24 May 1941, the Battle of the Denmark Strait was fought between the German ships  and  and the British ships  and . Hood exploded and sank; the damaged Prince of Wales was forced to retire. Bismarck, also damaged, ordered her consort to proceed independently while she headed for the French port of St Nazaire, which was the only port on the Atlantic coast with a dry dock able to accommodate a ship of her size. She was intercepted by the British and sunk en route.

Britain's Naval Intelligence Division first proposed a commando raid on the dock in late 1941. When the  was declared operational in January 1942, the Royal Navy (RN) and Royal Air Force (RAF) were already drawing up plans to attack her. Planners from Combined Operations Headquarters were looking at potential scenarios if Tirpitz escaped the naval blockade and reached the Atlantic. They decided the only port able to accommodate her was St Nazaire, especially if, like Bismarck, she was damaged en route and needed repairs. They came to the conclusion that if the dock at St Nazaire were unavailable, the Germans were unlikely to risk sending Tirpitz into the Atlantic.

Combined Operations examined several options while planning the destruction of the dock. At this stage of the war the British government still tried to avoid civilian casualties. This ruled out a bombing attack by the RAF, which at the time did not possess the accuracy needed to destroy the dock without serious loss of civilian life.

The Special Operations Executive (SOE) were approached to see if its agents could destroy the dock gates. They decided that the mission was beyond their capabilities because the weight of explosives required would have needed too many agents to carry them. The Royal Navy was also unable to mount an operation, as St Nazaire is  up the Loire estuary. Any naval ships large enough to cause sufficient damage would be detected well before they were within range.

The planners then examined whether a commando force could accomplish the task. An unusually high spring tide was due in March 1942 which would allow a light ship to pass over the sand banks in the estuary and approach the docks, bypassing the heavily defended dredged channel. In one early plan, the planners designed a raid to approach the docks with only motor launches. John Hughes-Hallett and his colleagues immediately rejected this plan. Their opposition to the plan was strong. They argued, "they'll never reach the shore..." They concluded, "no destroyer, no operation." The approach was also too shallow for an infantry landing ship, but the planners believed if a destroyer could be lightened it might have a draft shallow enough to enable it to get through.

Plan

The purpose of the raid was to destroy the Normandie dock, the old gates into the Bassin de St Nazaire with the water pumping machinery and other installations and any U-boats or other shipping in the area. The initial Combined Operations plan required one specially lightened destroyer to carry out the raid. It would be packed with explosives and rammed into the dock gates. Commandos on board would then disembark and use demolition charges to destroy nearby dock installations, searchlights and gun emplacements. The destroyer would then be blown up. At the same time the RAF would undertake diversionary air raids in the area.

When the plan was presented to the Admiralty they refused to support it. The certain loss of one or both destroyers to eliminate the dry dock was out of the question. They suggested they could provide an old Free French destroyer, , and a flotilla of small motor launches to transport the commandos and evacuate them afterwards. Approval for the mission, codenamed Operation Chariot, was given on 3 March 1942. Using a French ship would involve using the Free French forces and increase the number of people aware of the raid. Consequently, it was decided the navy would have to provide a ship of their own. The RAF complained that the raid would draw heavily on their resources and the number of aircraft assigned by RAF Bomber Command dwindled during the planning of the raid. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill further complicated matters when he ordered that bombing should only take place if targets were visually identified.

Combined Operations Headquarters worked closely with several intelligence organisations to plan the raid. The Naval Intelligence Division compiled information from a variety of sources. A detailed plan of the town of St Nazaire was provided by the Secret Intelligence Service, and information on the coastal artillery nearby was provided by the War Office's Military Intelligence branch. Intelligence about the dock itself came from pre-war technical journals. The Naval Operational Intelligence Centre selected the route and timing for the raid based on intelligence about the location of minefields and German recognition signals gleaned from Enigma decryptions and knowledge of Luftwaffe patrols compiled by the Air Ministry's Air Intelligence Branch. When all the plans had been pulled together and the timing worked out, the main part of the raid was expected to last no longer than two hours. The commandos and crew from Campbeltown were to board the motor launches at the Old Mole jetty and then make their escape.

Composition of the raiding force

The revised Combined Operations plan required one destroyer to ram the dock gates and a number of smaller craft to transport the commandos. The Royal Navy would therefore provide the largest contingent for the raid, under the overall command of the senior naval officer, Commander Robert Ryder. The ship selected to ram into the dock gates was , commanded by Lieutenant Commander Stephen Halden Beattie. Campbeltown was a First World War destroyer and had previously been  in the United States Navy. She had come into RN service in 1940 as one of 50 destroyers transferred to the United Kingdom under the destroyers-for-bases deal.

Converting Campbeltown for the raid took ten days. She had to be lightened to raise her draught to get over the sand banks in the estuary. This was achieved by completely stripping all her internal compartments. The dockyard removed her three  guns, torpedoes and depth charges from the deck and replaced the forward gun with a light quick-firing 12-pounder  gun. Eight 20 mm Oerlikons were installed on mountings raised above deck level. The bridge and wheelhouse were given extra armour-plate protection, and two rows of armour were fixed along the sides of the ship to protect the commandos on the open deck.

Two of her four funnels were removed, and the forward two were cut at an angle to resemble those of a German destroyer. The bow was packed with 4.5 tons of high explosives, which were set in concrete. It was decided that the explosive charge would be timed to detonate after the raiders had left the harbour. To prevent the Germans towing her away, the crew would open the ship's seacocks before abandoning the ship. Should she become disabled or sunk before getting to the dock, four motor launches had been detailed to take off the crew and put the commandos ashore. The charge would be reset to explode after the last boat had left.

Other naval units involved were two s,  and , which would accompany the force to and from the French coast and remain out at sea during the raid. A motor gun boat (the Fairmile C type MGB 314) was the headquarters ship for the raid, with Commander Ryder and the commanding officer of the commandos on board, Lieutenant-Colonel A. C. Newman. A motor torpedo boat (a 70 ft Vosper, MTB 74), commanded by Sub-Lieutenant Michael Wynn, had two objectives: If the outer Normandie dock gates were open, she had to torpedo the inner dock gates. If the gates were closed she would instead torpedo the gates at the old entrance into the St Nazaire basin.

Wynn's boat was offered for the raid at the last moment. She was temperamental. The ML consumed a lot of petrol... It was capable of only two speeds: a slow six knots and a fast 33 knots. The flaw meant the ML could only float by leap frogging and waiting. It was clear she would need a tow if taken in that condition. The flawed boat brought disapproval. Following the disapproval, Wynn and a mechanic fixed the flaws at the 24th hour.

To assist in transporting the commandos, 12 Fairmile B Motor Launches (ML) were assigned from the 20th and 28th Motor Launch flotillas. These boats were re-armed with two Oerlikon 20 mm guns mounted forward and aft to complement their twin 0.303-in Lewis guns. At the last minute another four MLs were assigned from the 7th Motor Launch flotilla (see Footnotes for flotilla details). These four boats were also armed with two torpedoes each. Instead of transporting the commandos, these boats were to engage any German shipping found in the estuary. All the MLs had a  auxiliary fuel tank fixed to the upper deck to increase their range. The S-class submarine  would leave before the rest of the convoy and be in position to act as a navigational beacon to guide the convoy into the Loire estuary.

The man selected to lead the Commando force was Lieutenant Colonel Charles Newman; his No. 2 Commando would provide the largest commandos contingent, 173 men, for the raid. The Special Service Brigade headquarters used the raid to provide experience for their other units and 92 men were drawn from Nos 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, and 12 Commandos.

The commandos were divided into three groups: One and Two would travel in the 12 MLs, while Three would be in Campbeltown. Half the commandos would be in the motor launches, alongside the explosive destroyer. Under the command of Captain Hodgeson, Group One traveling in ML 447, 457, 307, 443, 306 and 446 had the objectives of securing the Old Mole and eliminating the anti-aircraft gun positions around the southern quays. They were then to move into the old town and blow up the power station, bridges and locks for the new entrance into the basin from the Avant port. The capture of the mole was a major objective, as it was to be the embarkation point for the evacuation after the mission.

Group Two, under the command of Captain Burn, in ML 192, 262, 267, 268, 156 and 177 would land at the old entrance to the St Nazaire basin. Its objectives were to destroy the anti-aircraft positions in the area and the German headquarters, to blow up the locks and bridges at the old entrance into the basin and then to guard against a counterattack from the submarine base. Group Three was under the command of Major William 'Bill' Copland, who was also the commandos' second in command. It was to secure the immediate area around Campbeltown, destroy the dock's water-pumping and gate-opening machinery and the nearby underground fuel tanks. All three groups were subdivided into assault, demolition, and protection teams. The assault teams would clear the way for the other two. The demolition teams carrying the explosive charges only had sidearms for self-defence; the protection teams, armed with Thompson submachine guns, were to defend them while they completed their tasks.

The commandos were aided in their planning for the operation by Captain Bill Pritchard of the Royal Engineers, who had pre-war experience as an apprentice in the Great Western Railway dockyards and whose father was the dock master of Cardiff Docks. In 1940 while part of the British Expeditionary Force in France, his duties had included determining how to disable the French dockyards if they were captured. One of the dockyards he had studied was St Nazaire, and he had submitted a report detailing how to put the dock out of action.

German forces

The Germans had around 5,000 troops in the immediate area of St Nazaire. The port was defended by the 280th Naval Artillery Battalion under the command of Kapitän zur See Edo Dieckmann. The battalion was composed of 28 guns of various calibres from 75 mm to 280 mm railway guns, all positioned to guard the coastal approaches. The heavy guns were supplemented by the guns and searchlights of the 22nd Naval Flak Brigade under the command of Kapitän zur See Karl-Konrad Mecke.

The brigade was equipped with 43 anti-aircraft guns ranging in calibre from 20 to 40 mm. These guns had a dual role as both anti-aircraft and coastal defence weapons. Many were in concrete emplacements on top of the submarine pens and other dockside installations of the St Nazaire submarine base.

The harbour defence companies were responsible for local defence and for the security of the ships and submarines moored in the harbour. These companies and the harbour defence boats used to patrol the river were under the command of Harbour Commander Korvettenkapitän Kellerman. The 333rd Infantry Division was the German Army unit responsible for the defence of the coast between St Nazaire and Lorient. The division had no troops based in the town, but some were garrisoned in villages nearby and would be able to respond to any attack on the port.

The Kriegsmarine (German navy) had at least three surface ships in the Loire estuary: a destroyer, an armed trawler and a Sperrbrecher ('minesweeper'), the last being the guard ship for the port. On the night of the raid there were also four harbour defence boats and ten ships from the 16th and 42nd Minesweeper flotillas berthed in the basin, while two tankers were berthed inside the Normandie dock.  The 6th and 7th U-boat flotillas, commanded by Kapitänleutnant Georg-Wilhelm Schulz and Korvettenkapitän Herbert Sohler respectively, were permanently based in the port. It is not known how many submarines were present on the day of the raid. The submarine base had been inspected by the U-boat Commander in Chief, Vizeadmiral Karl Dönitz, the day before the raid. He asked what they would do if the base were subjected to an attack by British Commandos. Sohler replied that "an attack on the base would be hazardous and highly improbable."

The raid

Outward journey
The three destroyers and 16 small boats left Falmouth, Cornwall, at 14:00 on 26 March 1942. They formed into a convoy of three lanes, with the destroyers in the middle. On arrival at St Nazaire the portside MLs were to head for the Old Mole to disembark their commandos, while the starboard lane would make for the old entrance to the basin to disembark theirs. Not having the range to reach St Nazaire unaided, the MTB and MGB were taken under tow by Campbeltown and Atherstone.

The convoy next encountered two French fishing trawlers. Both crews were taken off and the ships sunk for fear they might report the composition and location of the convoy. At 17:00 the convoy received a signal from Commander-in-Chief Plymouth that five German torpedo boats were in the area. Two hours later another signal informed them that another two Hunt-class destroyers,  and , had been dispatched at full speed to join the convoy's return.

The convoy reached a position  off St Nazaire at 21:00 and changed course toward the estuary, leaving Atherstone and Tynedale as a sea patrol. The convoy adopted a new formation with the MGB and two torpedo MLs in the lead, followed by Campbeltown. The rest of the MLs formed two columns on either side and astern of the destroyer, with the MTB bringing up the rear. The first casualty of the raid was ML 341, which had developed engine trouble and was abandoned. At 22:00 the submarine Sturgeon directed her navigation beacon out to sea to guide the convoy in. At about the same time Campbeltown raised the German naval ensign in an attempt to deceive any German lookouts into thinking she was a German destroyer.

At 23:30 on 27 March, five RAF squadrons (comprising 35 Whitleys and 27 Wellingtons) started their bombing runs. The bombers had to stay above  and were supposed to remain over the port for 60 minutes to divert attention toward themselves and away from the sea. They had orders to only bomb clearly identified military targets and to drop only one bomb at a time. As it turned out, poor weather with full cloud cover over the port meant that only four aircraft bombed targets in St Nazaire. Six aircraft managed to bomb other nearby targets.

At around 02:00, the convoy was sighted by the , which dived and later reported the British ships as moving westward, further complicating the German understanding of the raid.

The unusual behaviour dropping bombs one by one from the bombers concerned Kapitän zur See Mecke. At 00:00 on 28 March, he issued a warning that there might be a parachute landing in progress. At 01:00 on 28 March, he followed up by ordering all guns to cease firing and searchlights to be extinguished in case the bombers were using them to locate the port. Everyone was placed on a heightened state of alert. The harbour defence companies and ships' crews were ordered out of the air raid shelters. During all this an estuary lookout boat reported seeing some activity out at sea, so Mecke began suspecting some type of landing and ordered extra attention to be paid to the approaches to the harbour.

Ramming the dry dock

At 00:30 hours on 28 March the convoy crossed over the shoals at the mouth of the Loire estuary, with Campbeltown scraping the bottom twice. Each time she pulled free, and the group proceeded toward the harbour in darkness. They had come within about eight minutes' passage from the dock gates when, at 01:22, the entire convoy was illuminated by searchlights on both banks of the estuary. A naval signal light demanded their identification.

MGB 314 replied in a coded response obtained from a German trawler boarded during the Vågsøy raid in 1941. A few bursts were fired from a shore battery and both Campbeltown and MGB 314 replied: "Ship being fired upon by friendly forces".  The deception gave them a little more time before every German gun in the bay opened fire. At 01:28, with the convoy  from the dock gates, Beattie ordered the German flag lowered and the White Ensign raised. The intensity of the German fire seemed to increase. The guard ship opened fire and was quickly silenced when the ships in the convoy responded, shooting into her as they passed.

By now all the ships in the convoy were within range to engage targets ashore and were firing at the gun emplacements and searchlights. Campbeltown was hit several times and increased her speed to . The helmsman on her bridge was killed, and his replacement was wounded and replaced as well. Blinded by the searchlights, Beattie knew they were close to their objective. Still under heavy fire, the MGB turned into the estuary as Campbeltown cleared the end of the Old Mole, cut through anti-torpedo netting strung across the entrance and rammed the dock gates, striking home at 01:34, three minutes later than scheduled. The force of the impact drove the ship  onto the gates, crushing 36 feet of the bow forward of the demolition charge cemented belowdecks.

Disembarkation from Campbeltown and the MLs

The commandos on Campbeltown now disembarked. These comprised two assault teams, five demolition teams with their protectors and a mortar group. Three demolition teams were tasked with destroying the dock pumping machinery and other installations associated with the dry dock caisson gates. The Captain Donald William Roy – 'The Laird' – and his 14-man kilted assault troop were tasked with knocking out two pump-house roof-top gun emplacements high above the quayside and securing a bridge to provide a route for the raiding parties to exit the dock area. Roy and Sgt Don Randall used scaling ladders and grenades to accomplish the former, and a head-on rush to secure the bridge and form a bridgehead that enabled Captain Bob Montgomery and Lt Corran Purdon and their demolition teams to exit the area.

They lost four men in this action. The fifth team also succeeded in completing all their objectives, but almost half their men were killed. The other two commando groups were not as successful. The MLs transporting Groups One and Two had almost all been destroyed on their approach. ML 457 was the only boat to land its commandos on the Old Mole and only ML 177 had managed to reach the gates at the old entrance to the basin. That team succeeded in planting charges on two tugboats moored in the basin.

There were only two other MLs in the vicinity: ML 160 had continued past the dock and was engaging targets upriver, ML 269 appeared to be out of control and was running in circles.

Lt Col Newman aboard the MGB need not have landed, but he was one of the first ashore. One of his first actions was to direct mortar fire onto a gun position on top of the submarine pens that was causing heavy casualties among the commandos. He next directed machine-gun fire onto an armed trawler, which was forced to withdraw upriver. Newman organised a defence that succeeded in keeping the increasing numbers of German reinforcements at bay until the demolition parties had completed their tasks.

Some 100 commandos were still ashore when Newman realised that evacuation by sea was no longer possible. He gathered the survivors and issued three orders: To do our best to get back to England;
 Not to surrender until all our ammunition is exhausted;
 Not to surrender at all if we can help it.

Newman and Copland led the charge from the old town across a bridge raked by machine gun fire and advanced into the new town. The commandos attempted to get through the narrow streets of the town and into the surrounding countryside, but were eventually surrounded. When their ammunition was expended, they surrendered. Not all the commandos were captured, as five men reached neutral Spain and eventually returned to England.

Small ships

Most of the unarmoured wooden MLs had been destroyed on the run in and were burning. The first ML in the starboard column was the first boat to catch fire. Her captain managed to beach her at the end of the Old Mole. Some starboard boats managed to reach their objective and disembark their commandos. ML 447, the leading boat in the port column, got to within  of the mole in the face of heavy direct fire and hand grenades before being set on fire. The crew were rescued by ML 160, one of the torpedo MLs which had been looking for targets of opportunity such as the two large tankers reported to be in the harbour. The commanders of ML 160 and ML 447, Lieutenants T Boyd and T D L Platt, were awarded the Distinguished Service Order for their bravery. The rest of the port column had been destroyed or disabled before reaching the mole. ML 192 and ML 262 were set on fire, and all but six of their men were killed. ML 268 was blown up, with one survivor.

Thomas O'Leary, the wireless operator for ML 446, said:"One commando was remarking how pretty the tracer fire, red and green, was. A moment later one blew the back of his head out. I was down below with my tin hat because by now the bullets were going through (the boat) and out the other side. If I wanted to get about I had to crawl on my hands and knees and I was lucky nothing came through at my level. We couldn't get in (to the objective) and all of a sudden the wounded started coming down. By then all our guns had jammed and most of the other ships were on fire." ML 177, the launch that had successfully taken off some of the crew from Campbeltown, was sunk on her way out of the estuary. ML 269, another torpedo-armed boat, moved up and down the river at high speed to draw German fire away from the landings. Soon after passing Campbeltown it was hit and its steering damaged. It took ten minutes to repair the steering. The boat turned and started in the other direction, opening fire on an armed trawler in passing. Return fire from the trawler set the boat's engine on fire.

ML 306 also came under heavy fire when it arrived near the port. Sergeant Thomas Durrant of No. 1 Commando, manning the aft Lewis gun, engaged gun and searchlight positions on the run in. He was wounded but stayed with his gun. The ML reached the open sea but was attacked at short range by the German torpedo boat Jaguar. Durrant returned fire, aiming for the torpedo boat's bridge. He was wounded again but remained at his gun even after the German commander asked for their surrender. He fired many drums of ammunition until the ML was boarded. Durrant died of his wounds and, on the recommendation of Jaguars commander, was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross.

After the commando headquarters group had landed, Commander Ryder went to check for himself that Campbeltown was firmly stuck in the dock. Some of her surviving crewmen were being taken on board the MGB. Ryder returned to the boat and ordered the MTB to carry out its alternative task and torpedo the lock gates at the old entrance to the basin. After a successful torpedo attack, Ryder ordered the MTB to leave. On their way out of the estuary they stopped to collect survivors from a sinking ML and were hit and set on fire. Back at the docks the MGB had positioned itself in mid-river to engage enemy gun emplacements. The forward 2 pounder was manned by Able Seaman William Alfred Savage. Commander Ryder reported that "The rate of supporting fire had evidently been felt, and the commandos in the area of the Tirpitz dock had undoubtedly overcome the resistance in that area. There was an appreciable slackening in the enemy's fire."

Ryder could see no ships other than seven or eight burning MLs. He then realised that the landing places at the Old Mole and the entrance to the basin had both been recaptured by the Germans. There was nothing more they could do for the commandos, so they headed out to sea. On their way they were continuously illuminated by German searchlights and were hit at least six times by the German guns. Passing ML 270, they ordered her to follow and made smoke to hide both boats.

When they reached the open sea the smaller calibre guns were out of range and stopped firing but the heavier artillery continued to engage them. The boats were about  off-shore when the last German salvo straddled them and killed Savage, who was still at his gun. He was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross for his exploits. His citation recognised both Savage and the bravery of "many others, unnamed, in Motor Launches, Motor Gun Boats and Motor Torpedo Boats who gallantly carried out their duties in entirely exposed positions against Enemy fire at very close range."

Return journey

At 06:30 the five German torpedo boats that the convoy had evaded the previous day were sighted by HMS Atherstone and Tynedale. The destroyers turned toward them and opened fire at a range of . After ten minutes the German boats turned away, making smoke. The destroyers sighted the MGB and two accompanying MLs soon after and transferred their casualties to Atherstone. Not expecting any more boats to arrive, they headed for home. Just after 09:00 the Hunt-class escort destroyers Brocklesby and Cleveland arrived, sent by Commander-in-Chief Plymouth. Shortly after this the ships were spotted by a Heinkel 115 floatplane of the Luftwaffe.

The next German aircraft on the scene, a Junkers 88, was engaged by a RAF Bristol Beaufighter which had appeared in the area earlier. Both machines crashed into the sea. Other German planes arrived but were driven off by Beaufighters and Hudsons from Coastal Command. The Atlantic weather conditions deteriorated. Amid concerns about the growing German threat and the realisation that the damaged small ships would not be able to keep up, Commander Sayer ordered the crews off the smaller boats and had them sunk.

ML 160, ML 307 and ML 443 reached the rendezvous and waited until 10:00 for the destroyers to appear. Having already been attacked once, they moved further out into the Atlantic to try to avoid the Luftwaffe but a Junkers 88 appeared overhead at 07:30 and approached them at low level for a closer look. The ships opened fire, hit the Junkers in the cockpit and the aircraft crashed into the sea. The next aircraft to appear was a Blohm & Voss seaplane which attempted to bomb the ships but left after being damaged by machine-gun fire. The MLs eventually reached England unaided the following day.

Campbeltown explodes

The explosive charges in HMS Campbeltown detonated at noon on 28 March 1942, and the dry dock was destroyed. Reports vary on the fate of the two tankers that were in the dock; they were either swept away by the wall of water and sunk, or swept to the far end of the dock, but not sunk.
A party of 40 senior German officers and civilians who were on a tour of Campbeltown were killed. In total, the explosion killed about 360 men. The wreck of Campbeltown could still be seen inside the dry dock months later when RAF photo reconnaissance planes were sent to photograph the port.

According to Captain Robert Montgomery (Royal Engineers, attached to No. 2 Commando), Campbeltown was meant to have detonated at 04:30, the delay caused, he believes, by some of the acid in the pencil detonators being distilled away. As the morning progressed, more and more captured comrades joined him in the German HQ.

The day after the explosion, Organisation Todt workers were assigned to clean up the debris and wreckage. On 30 March at 16:30 the torpedoes from MTB 74, which were on a delayed fuse setting, exploded at the old entrance into the basin. This raised alarms among the Germans. The Organisation Todt workers ran away from the dock area. German guards, mistaking their khaki uniforms for British uniforms, opened fire, killing some of them. The Germans also thought that some commandos were still hiding in the town, and made a street by street search, during which some townspeople were also killed.

Aftermath

The explosion put the dry dock out of commission for the remainder of the war. The St Nazaire raid had been a success, but at a cost – of the 612 men of the Royal Navy and commandos who took part in the raid, only 228 men returned to England.
Five commandos escaped via neutral Spain and Gibraltar with the help of French citizens and took a ship to England; 169 men were killed (105 RN and 64 commandos) and another 215 became prisoners of war (106 RN and 109 commandos). They were first taken to La Baule and then sent to Stalag 133 at Rennes. The fallen British raiders were buried at the La Baule-Escoublac cemetery,  west of St Nazaire, with military honours.

To recognise their achievement, 89 decorations were awarded for the raid, including Victoria Crosses awarded to Lieutenant Commander Beattie, Lieutenant Colonel Newman and Commander Ryder and posthumously to Sergeant Durrant and Able Seaman Savage. Distinguished Service Orders were awarded to Major William Copland, Captain Donald Roy, Lieutenant T. Boyd and Lieutenant T. D. L. Platt. Other decorations awarded were four Conspicuous Gallantry Medals, five Distinguished Conduct Medals, 17 Distinguished Service Crosses, 11 Military Crosses, 24 Distinguished Service Medals and 15 Military Medals. Four men were awarded the Croix de guerre by France and another 51 were mentioned in dispatches.

Adolf Hitler was furious that the British had been able to sail a flotilla of ships up the Loire unhindered and he sacked Generaloberst Carl Hilpert, chief-of-staff to the OB West (Commander in Chief West). The raid refocused German attention on the Atlantic Wall and special attention was given to ports to prevent any repeat of the raid. By June 1942, the Germans began using concrete to fortify gun emplacements and bunkers in quantities previously only used in U-boat pens. Hitler laid out new plans in a meeting with Armaments Minister Albert Speer in August 1942, calling for the construction of 15,000 bunkers by May 1943 to defend the Atlantic coast from Norway to Spain. The battleship Tirpitz never entered the Atlantic. She remained in Norwegian fjords to threaten Allied shipping until she was destroyed by the RAF in Operation Catechism on 12 November 1944.

Legacy

St Nazaire was one of the 38 battle honours presented to the commandos after the war. The survivors formed their own association, the St Nazaire Society, which is a registered charity in the United Kingdom.

A memorial to the raid erected in Falmouth bears the following inscription:

A new , a Type 22 frigate, was launched on 7 October 1987. She carried the ship's bell from the first Campbeltown, which had been rescued during the raid and been presented to the town of Campbelltown, Pennsylvania, at the end of the Second World War. In 1988 the people of Campbelltown voted to lend the bell to the new ship for as long as she remained in Royal Navy service.
The bell was returned to the town on 21 June 2011 when HMS Campbeltown was decommissioned.

On 4 September 2002, a tree and seat at the National Memorial Arboretum were dedicated to the men of the raid. The seat bears the inscription:In memory of the Royal Navy Sailors and Army Commandos killed in the raid on St Nazaire on 28 March 1942

A new Type 31 HMS Campbeltown has been announced as part of the new "Inspiration class" of frigates for the Royal Navy, announced on 19 May 2021.

See also
 Bill Etches
 Gift Horse (film)
 Attack on the Iron Coast (film)
 Donald William Roy
 Medal of Honor: European Assault (game)

Notes

Footnotes

Note: ML 443 was sunk off Anzio in July 1944. Lt Platt's boat was ML 447

Citations

References

External links

 After action report by Commander Ryder; includes detailed maps[dead link]
 St Nazaire: Operation Chariot, Combined Operations
 I Was There! – We Went With the Raiders to St. Nazaire, The War Illustrated
 St Nazaire Society

Conflicts in 1942
World War II British Commando raids
Raid
Military operations of World War II involving Germany
1942 in France
Explosions in France
Naval battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
Military history of the Bay of Biscay
Amphibious operations of World War II
March 1942 events
Amphibious operations involving the United Kingdom


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Charity celebrates best ever sponsored walk fundraising total with Pebley Beach
A charity that supports around 4,000 unpaid carers in Swindon is celebrating its best-ever sponsored walk fundraising total, after receiving the backing of motor dealer Pebley Beach.
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Not only did his pledge spur on supporters to hit their £1,000 total, they exceeded it – raising almost £2,000. With Pebley Beach's donation, the campaign total stands at just under £3,000.
Schools development officer Ann Giles, who received a giant cheque from Pebley Beach, said: "It's a record total for our Walk A Mile In My Shoes event. Last year we raised £1,300 – the highest before this year's event."
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According to the charity's recently-published annual report, the charity saw a 200 percent increase in the number of carers who called their dedicated support line between 2015 and 2016. Over the same period, the number of carers registered with the charity increased by 12 percent to 3,950.
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It's back to school time here at DC Mythbusting! Our pencils are sharpened and we've got our Trapper Keepers ready (they still use those, right?), and we're ready to bust some school-related myths. The District's schools get a bum rap: they're often cited as the worst-performing schools in the country, and there's an impression of hordes of students leaving the system for greener pastures (which are typically the suburbs or DC charter schools). But are the country's worst schools here in DC? And is DC the worst school district in the country? And finally, are students really leaving in hordes?
Myth #1: DC is home to the worst schools in the country.
Before we even get to busting this myth, we have to recognize that DC is not a state, and when it is compared to states it is often way off the charts because of the unique characteristics of the city. With that being said, since education is a state-level issue, you can't help but compare schools across states.
While DCPS as a system generally doesn't rank highly, none of the 100 worst schools in the country are in the District. Of course, that's not saying much if the country's worst school (located in East St. Louis, IL) has a 0% math proficiency rating and a 3% reading proficiency rating. In fact, some of the country's best schools are located in the District: Benjamin Banneker High School was awarded a silver medal in this year's US News and World Report Best High Schools report, and three charter schools (Hyde, Thurgood Marshall Academy, and Washington Math/Science/Technology Public Charter School) were awarded bronze medals.
Of course, system-wide when DC is ranked alongside states, it does fall to the bottom of the pack, at least according to recent rankings from Education Week. But it is not an outlier: its D+ grade is matched by Nebraska and Nevada, and South Dakota and Mississippi aren't far behind.
DC's school district may not even be the worst in the region, as Alexandria (VA) was ranked as the worst school district in the country by Forbes Magazine back in 2007 (DC was third from the bottom though) based on spending per pupil and graduation rates.
So long story short, DC is generally near the bottom of school district rankings. But there are a growing number of bright spots out there, and none of the 100 worst schools in the country happen to be inside the District.
Myth #2: Students are leaving DCPS in hordes.
Enrollment in DC public schools has been declining for the past thirty years, that part is true. But it looks like the trend is finally leveling out. For the first time since the 1970s school enrollment is up at DCPS, and fourteen schools even had wait lists this year.
The decline in school enrollment can partially be attributed to the growing popularity of charter schools, which have seen dramatic gains in students over the past decade. Currently about 38% of DC's public school students attend charter schools, which is significantly above the rate of other comparable cities but nowhere near the rate of New Orleans at 53%.
Michelle Rhee has been working hard to recruit families back to DCPS, reaching out individually to parents and holding events in communities with low DCPS enrollment. The Washington City Paper had a great feature last week about how families that would typically choose charter schools for their children are now reconsidering DC public schools. So the era of dramatic decreases in DCPS enrollment may finally be over.
These two school-related myths are both technically busted, but they're based in truth. Typically DC's public school system has been ranked near the bottom of comparable school systems, but it's a myth that the worst schools (at least the 100 worst schools) in the country are located in DC. And while DCPS enrollment has dropped year after year for decades, it seems to finally be evening out. So there's a long way to go to bring DC's schools to the top of the class, but things are definitely looking up.
I have found that a number of people who automatically write off DC public schools do not know anyone of school age. My niece attends DC public school and is doing remarkably well. In fact, I saw great improvements in her education after her move from a private school to a public when she started 4th grade. Granted she was at Bancroft & is now at Deal – 2 examples of schools with strong leadership. Are there bad DC schools? Absolutely. Are there good ones? Absolutely. And could you find that mix in almost every school district across the country? Yep.