486 F.2d 837 (8th Cir. 1973), 72-1573, Inter-Collegiate Press, Graphic Arts Div. v. N.L.R.B.
Party Name: INTER-COLLEGIATE PRESS, GRAPHIC ARTS DIVISION, etc., and Sargent Welch Scientific Company, Petitioners, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondents. BOOKBINDERS LOCAL NO. 60, INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF BOOKBINDERS, AFL-CIO, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent.
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondents.
Alvin D. Shapiro, Kansas City, Mo., for Intercollegiate Press.
William O. Eisler, Kansas City, Mo., for Bookbinders.
William DuRoss, III, Atty., NLRB, Washington, D. C., for National Labor Relations Board.
The contending parties 2 are sharply divided on this issue. The Union has contended throughout these proceedings for a per se rule forbidding the hiring of temporary replacements during an otherwise lawful lockout, the Company has viewed the practice as a legitimate economic weapon countering the union's right to strike, and a divided Board (3-2) shunned the per se approach in favor of an approach balancing the conflicting legitimate interests of both the employer and employee.
lockout. After a hearing, the administrative law judge concluded that he was bound by the Board's decision in Inland Trucking Co., 179 N.L.R.B. 350, 72 LRRM 1486 (1969), and found that the Company had violated the above sections by its use of temporary replacements. A majority of the Board disagreed and ordered the complaint dismissed. Inter-Collegiate Press, 199 N.L.R.B. No. 35 (1972).
"[T]hat a lockout in the circumstances at bar, accompanied by continued operation with replacement labor, is per se, an interference with protected employee rights, and accordingly, per se, an unfair labor practice under § 158(a)(1)."
"Here, as in other cases, we must recognize the Board's special function of applying the general provisions of the Act to the complexities of industrial life . . . and of '[appraising] carefully the interests of both sides of any labor-management controversy in the diverse circumstances of particular cases' from its special understanding of 'the actualities of industrial relations'. . . . 'The ultimate problem is the balancing of the conflicting legitimate interests. The function of striking that balance to effectuate national labor policy is often a difficult and delicate responsibility, which the Congress committed primarily to the National Labor Relations Board, subject to limited judicial review."' (citations omitted).
has chosen not to promulgate a per se rule, but rather to proceed on an individual case basis giving consideration to the special circumstances of each case. Admittedly, the conduct in question has some effect upon protected employee rights, but we are not prepared to say absolutely that a lockout plus the hiring of temporary replacements is conduct so "inherently destructive" of employee rights to warrant a reviewing court in promulgating a per se rule when the Board itself has chosen not to do so. To the extent that Inland Trucking is interpreted as setting forth a per se rule, it has been criticized by commentators, 4 and to follow that path would seem to ignore the caution raised in American Ship Bldg. v. N.L.R.B., 380 U.S. 300, 337-338, 85 S.Ct. 955, 977, 13 L.Ed.2d 855 (1965) (Goldberg, J., concurring), that "the problem of lockouts requires 'an evolutionary process,' not 'a quick, definitive formula,' for its answer." 5 It was also unnecessary to the decision reached in Inland to announce a per se rule, since the court went on to find a lack of any legitimate and substantial business justification for the employer's conduct, which would warrant a finding of a violation of the Act under the test of N.L.R.B. v. Great Dane Trailers, Inc., 388 U.S. 26, 34, 87 S.Ct. 1792, 18 L.Ed.2d 1027 (1967).
Since we deem a per se approach inappropriate, we think it important to relate in some detail the facts of this case. The Company prints scholastic year books and graduation announcements at its plant in Mission, Kansas. The Union represents all the full-time and permanent seasonal employees in the cover and bindery departments, and those in the announcement department, who perform paper cutting, finishing, and packaging work. 6 In February, 1967, the Union was recognized as the bargaining representative of the above employees. After seven months of negotiations in 1967 during which a two week strike occurred, agreement was reached between the Union and the Company on a collective bargaining contract that expired August 31, 1970.
Negotiations on a new contract began July 7, 1970. 7 Fourteen bargaining sessions were held after this date until the Company lockout October 16th. It is uncontroverted that the Company and the Union were at impasse in their negotiations by October 15th, for on that date a federal mediator stated that further bargaining would be "an exercise in futility." The Company locked out all employees represented by the Union on October 16th, after being informed that morning that the Company's last contract proposal was unacceptable and the Union had no proposals to make. The last proposal offered provisions somewhat better than those in the expired contract.
claim has been made that there was any bad faith on the part of the employer at the time the lockout began. The lockout failed to bring about any fruitful negotiations or agreements and effected no change in the Union's bargaining position. A substantial backlog of work had accumulated in the areas manned by locked out employees, and a failure to resolve the impasse before the Company's busy season would have prevented the Company from meeting its delivery schedules. Competitors were contacting Inter-Collegiate's customers and informing them that there would be late deliveries because of the labor dispute, and these customers were threatening to take their business elsewhere unless the Company could guarantee timely delivery. During the time when the Company's busy season was approaching, the Company's salesmen were warning of a substantial loss of customers and good will unless the labor dispute was resolved.


text:
Code Linked to MalwareTech and Kronos Published in 2009
August 21, 2017, Security Week
Alex Berengaut's Law360 article on the constitutionality of the Marcus Hutchins indictment is cited in a Security Week story examining recent case developments. "Since Hutchins' indictment, commentators have questioned whether the creation and selling of malware—without actually using the malware—violates the two statutes under which Hutchins was charged: the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and the Wiretap Act. It is likely that these issues will be litigated as the case unfolds," says Berengaut. "But there is another question raised by the indictment: whether it violates Hutchins' constitutional rights to charge him for his alleged conduct under any statute in this country," he adds. "Several circuits—including the Seventh Circuit, where Hutchins' case will be heard—have recognized that the federal government cannot charge anyone, anywhere in the world irrespective of their connections to the United States."
Data Privacy and Cybersecurity
Related Regions

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jumping on board with Sarah Blaine Tepper's analysis and opinion on Pearson's monitoring a student social media and expectation of "confidentiality". Will post thoughts of my own when I get the opportunity. Thank you Sarah!
Next > Pearson: Show Me the Money!


text:
NGC 4402 — спиральная галактика (Sb) в созвездии Дева. Галактика необычна тем, что горячий газ, заполняющий близлежащее галактическое скопление, выметает из неё строительный материал для рождения новых звёзд.

Примечания

Спиральные галактики
4402
Дева (созвездие)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Join us for the 2012 Hadoop Summit at the San Jose Convention Center on June 13-14.
Ulrich Rueckert, Data Scientist at Datameer and Michael Zeller, Zementis CEO, will be presenting on Wednesday, June 13, 1:30-2:10 pm.
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PMML is an XML-based language developed by the Data Mining Group (DMG) which provides a way for applications to define statistical and data mining models and to share models between PMML compliant applications. It provides applications a vendor-independent method of defining models so that proprietary issues and incompatibilities are no longer a barrier to the exchange of models between applications. PMML allows users to develop models within one vendor's application, and use another vendors' applications to visualize, analyze, evaluate or otherwise use the models. Previously, this was very difficult, but with PMML, the exchange of models between compliant applications is now straightforward.
This joint Datameer/Zementis presentation will outline the benefits of the PMML standard as key element of data science best practices and its application in the context of distributed processing. In a live demonstration, we will showcase how Datameer and the Zementis Universal PMML Plug-in take advantage of a highly parallel Hadoop architecture to efficiently derive predictions from very large volumes of data.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Transversals play an important role in characterizing the group and the embedding of subgroup in the group. In \cite{tm}, Tarski monsters has been characterized with the help of transversals.  In \cite{p}, Lal shows that if all subgroups of a finitely generated solvable group are stable (any right transversals of a subgroup have isomorphic group torsion), then the group is nilpotent. In \cite{ict2}, it has been shown that if the isomorphism classes of transversals of a subgroup in a finite group is $3$, then the subgroup itself has index $3$. Converse of this fact is also true. In this paper we will characterize solvability of group in terms of a generating transversal of a core-free subgroup. Also we will propose some problems.

In \cite{rltr}, it has been shown that each right transversal is a right loop with respect to the operation induced by the operation of the group. Let us see how.
 Let $G$ be a finite group and $H$ a proper core-free subgroup of $G$. A {\textit{right transversal}} is a subset of $G$ obtained by selecting one and only one element from each right coset of $H$ in $G$ and identity from the coset $H$. Now we will call it {\textit {transversal}} in place of right transversal. Suppose that $S$ is a transversal of $H$ in $G$. We define an operation $\circ $ on $S$ as follows: for $x,y \in S$, $\{x \circ y \}:=S \cap Hxy$.
It is easy to check that $(S, \circ )$ is a  right loop, that is the equation of the type $X \circ a=b$, $X$ is unknown and $a,b \in S$ has unique solution in $S$ and $(S, \circ)$ has both sided identity.
 In \cite{rltr}, it has been shown that for each right loop there exists a pair $(G,H)$ such that $H$ is a core-free subgroup of the group $G$ and the given right loop can be identified with a tansversal of $H$ in $G$. Not all transversals of a subgroup generate the group. But it is proved by Cameron in \cite{pjc}, that if a subgroup is core-free, then always there exists a transversal which generates the whole group. We call such a transversal as {\it generating transversal}.

The difference between right loop and group is the associativity of operation. In \cite{rltr}, a notion of {\it group torsion} is introduced which measures the deviation of a right loop from being a group. Let us explain.
Let $(S, \circ)$ be a right loop (identity denoted by $1$). Let $x,y,z \in S$. Define a map $f^S(y,z)$ from $S$ to $S$ as follows: $f^S(y,z)(x)$ is the unique solution of the equation $X \circ (y \circ z )=(x \circ y ) \circ z$, where $X$ is unknown. It is easy to verify that $f^S(y,z)$ is a bijective map. We denote by $G_S$ the subgroup of $Sym(S)$, the symmetric group on $S$ generated by the set $\{f^S(y,z) \mid y,z \in S \}$. This group is called {\textit{group torsion}} of $S$ \cite[Definition 3.1, p. 75]{rltr}. Further, it acts on $S$ through the action $\theta^S$ defined as: for $x \in S$ and $h \in G_S$; $x \theta^S h := h(x)$. Also note that right multiplication by an element of $S$ gives a bijective map from $S$ to $S$, that is an element of $Sym(S)$.
The subgroup generated by this type of elements in $Sym(S)$ is denoted by $G_SS$ because $G_S$ is a subgroup of it and the right multiplication map associated with the elements of $S$ form a transversal of $G_S$ in $G_SS$. Note that if $H$ is core-free subgroup of a group $G$ and $S$ is a transversal of $H$ in $G$. Then $G\cong G_SS$ such that $H \cong G_S$ \cite[Proposition 3.10, p. 80]{rltr}.

In this paper we will prove following two results:

\begin{theorem}\label{1}
If a finite group has a solvable generating transversal with respect to a core-free subgroup, then  the group is solvable.
\end{theorem}
Note that by a solvable transversal we mean a transversal which is solvable with respect to induced right loop structure and solvability of right loop is introduced in  Definition \ref{s}.

\begin{theorem}\label{2}
Suppose that $S$ is a right loop and $T$ is its invariant sub right loop such that the quotient $S/T$ is a group. Then the group torsion of $S$ will be elementary abelian $2$-group.
\end{theorem}

\section{Definitions and Lemmas}
Now for defining solvability of a right loop, we need following basic definitions and results.

\begin{definition}\cite{rps}
An equivalence relation $R$ on a right loop $S$ is called a congruence in $S$, if it is a sub right loop of $S \times S$.
\end{definition}

\begin{definition}\cite{rps}
An equivalence class of identity of a congruence is called invariant sub right loop.
\end{definition}

\begin{remark}\label{r3}
Suppose that $I$ is an invariant sub right loop of a right loop $(S, \circ)$. Then $R=\{(x \circ y, y ) \mid x \in I, ~ \text ~ y \in S\}$ is a congruence in $S$ (for details see \cite[Theorem 2.7]{rps}) such that  the equivalence class of identity $R_1=I$.
\end{remark}
 \begin{remark} \label{r4}
 If $R$ is a congruence on a right loop $(S,\circ)$ and $R_1$ denotes the equivalence class of identity, then the set $S/R_1:=\{ R_1 \circ x \mid x \in S \} $ together with operation $\circ_1$ defined as
 $(R_1\circ x) \circ_1 (R_1\circ y)=R_1 \circ (x\circ y)$, is a right loop. Now onwards we will use the operation of $S$ to denote the operation of $S/R_1$. Note that $S/R_1$ is also denoted as $S/R$.
 \end{remark}

\begin{lemma}\label{gl2}
Let $(S,\circ)$ be a right quasigroup with identity. Let $R$ be the congruence on $S$ generated by $\{(x,x\theta^Sf^S(y,z))~|x,y, z \in S\}$. Then $R$ is the smallest
congruence on $S$ such that the quotient right loop $S/R$ is a group.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof} First, we will show that $S/R$ is a group. Let $1$ denote the identity of $S$. Since $R$ is a congruence on $S$, $R_1$ (equivalence class of $1$ under $R$) is an invariant sub right loop of $S$. So for showing that $S/R$ is a group, it is sufficient to show that the binary operation of $S/ R$ is associative. Let $x, y, z \in S$. Then
\noindent
\begin{eqnarray*}
 ((R_1\circ x)\circ (R_1\circ y))\circ (R_1\circ z) & = & (R_1\circ (x\circ y))\circ (R_1\circ z)\\
& = & R_1\circ ((x\circ y)\circ z)\\
& = & R_1\circ ( x \theta ^S f^S(y,z)\circ (y\circ z))\\
& = & R_1\circ (x \theta ^S f^S(y,z))\circ R_1\circ (y\circ z)\\
& = & R_1\circ (x \theta ^S f^S(y,z))\circ ((R_1\circ y)\circ(R_1\circ z))\\
& = & (R_1\circ x)\circ ((R_1\circ y) \circ (R_1\circ z))\\
& & (\text{since} ~(x,x \theta ^S f^S(y,z))\in  R).
 \end{eqnarray*}
Hence $S/R$ is a group.
Let $\phi:S \rightarrow S/{R}$ be the quotient homomorphism ($\phi(x)=R_1\circ x,~x\in S$).
 Let $H$ be a group with a homomorphism (of right loops) $\phi'~: ~ S\rightarrow H$. Since $\phi'$ is a homomorphism of right loops, $\phi'(S)$ is a sub right loop of $H$.
 Further, since the binary operation on $\phi'(S)$ is associative, it is a subgroup of $H$.
It is easy to verify that Ker$\phi'$ is an invariant sub right loop, that is there exists a congruence $K$ on $S$ such that $K_1=Ker\phi'$ (by Remark \ref{r3}). By the Fundamental Theorem of homomorphisms for right loops there exists a unique one-one homomorphism $\bar{\phi}'~:S/K \rightarrow H$ such that $\bar{\phi}'\circ \nu={\phi}'$, where $\nu :S \rightarrow S/K$ is the quotient homomorphism ($\nu(x)=K_1\circ x,~x\in S$). Since $S/K$ is a group (being isomorphic to the subgroup ${\phi}'(S)$ of $H$), the associativity of its binary operation implies that $(x,x \theta ^S f^S(y,z))\in K$ for all $x,y,z \in S$. This implies $R \subseteq K$. This defines an onto homomorphism $\eta$ from $S/R$ to $S/K$ given by $\eta (R_1\circ x)=K_1\circ x$. Let ${\eta}'= \bar{\phi}'\circ \eta$. Then it follows easily that ${\eta}'$ is the unique homomorphism from $S/R$ to $H$ such that ${\eta}'\circ  \phi= {\phi}'$.
\end{proof}
\begin{remark}\label{gr3}
 Let $S$ and $R$ be as in the above Lemma. Let $T$ be a congruence
on $S$ containing $R$. Since $T_1/R_1$ is an invariant sub right loop of $S/R_1$, it is a normal subgroup of $S/R_1$. Thus $S/T$ is a group for it is
isomorphic to $S/R_1/(T_1/R_1)$.
\end{remark}
It is easy to prove following lemma.
\begin{lemma}\label{l3}
Let $(S, \circ)$ be a right loop. Let $L$ be the congruence on $S$ generated by $\{(x,x\theta^Sf^S(y,z))~|x,y\in S\} \cup \{(x \circ y, y\circ x) \mid x,y \in S\}$. Then $L$ is the smallest
congruence on $S$ such that the quotient right loop $S/L$ is an abelian group.
\end{lemma}

\begin{definition}
We define $S^{(1)}$ to be the smallest invariant sub right loop of $S$ such that $S/S^{(1)}$ is an abelian group that is, if there is another invariant sub right loop $N$ such that $S/N$ is an abelian group, then $S^{(1)} \subseteq N$.

We define $S^{(n)}$ by induction. Suppose $S^{(n-1)}$ is defined. Then $S^{(n)}$ is an invariant sub right loop of $S$ such that $S^{(n)}=(S^{(n-1)})^{(1)}$.
\end{definition}

Note that if $S$ is a group, then $S^{(1)}$ is the commutator subgroup and $S^{(n)}$ is the $n$th-commutator subgroup.

\begin{definition}\label{s}
We call $S$ solvable if  there exists an $n \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $S^{(n)}=\{1\}$.
\end{definition}

\begin{lemma}\label{a}
Let $G$ be a group, $H$ a subgroup of $G$ and $S$ a transversal of $H$ in $G$. Suppose that $N\trianglelefteq G $ containing $H$. Then
$$ G/N=HS/N \cong S/{N\cap S}.$$
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof} Suppose that $\circ$ denotes the induced right loop operation on $S$. Consider the map $\psi :S \rightarrow HS/N$ defined as $\psi(x)=xN$. This is a homomorphism, for
\begin{eqnarray*}
\psi(x\circ y) & = & (x\circ y)N\\
~~~~~~~~~~& = & hxyN ~\text{for some $h \in H$}\\
~~~~~~~~~~& = & xyN~~(H \subseteq N)\\
~~~~~~~~~~& = & xNyN \\
~~~~~~~~~~& = & \psi(x) \psi(y).
\end{eqnarray*}
Also, $Ker \psi =\{x \in S |~xN=N \}
=\{x \in S |~ x \in N \}=S \cap N.$
Since for $h\in H~$ and $~x\in S,$~we have $hxN=xN$ and $\psi (x)=xN$, $\psi$ is onto and so by the Fundamental Theorem of homomorphisms for right loops,
$S/{N\cap S} \cong HS/N $.
\end{proof}

 Let $G$ be a group, $H$ a subgroup and $S$ a transversal of $H$ in $G$. Suppose that $\circ$ is the induced right loop structure on $S$. We define a map $f: S \times S \rightarrow H$ as: for $x,y \in S$, $f(x,y):=xy(x \circ y)^{-1}$. We further define the action $\theta$ of $H$ on $S$ as $\{x \theta h\}:= S \cap Hxh$ where $h \in H$ and $x \in S$. With these notations it is easy to prove following lemma.

 \begin{lemma}\label{l4}
 For $x,y,z \in S$, we have $x \theta^Sf^S(y,z)=x \theta f(y,z)$.

 \end{lemma}

\begin{lemma}\label{b}
Let $H$ be a subgroup of a group $G$ and $S$ a transversal of $H$ in $G$. Let $T$ be the congruence on $S$ such that~$\{(x,x\theta h)~|~h \in H,x\in S \} \subseteq T $. Then $S/T$ is a group. Moreover, $N=HT_1 \trianglelefteq HS=G$ (and so $H \leqslant N$ and~ $N\cap S=T_1)$ and $G/N \cong S/T $, where $T_1$ denotes the equivalence class of 1 under $T$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}~By Lemma \ref{l4}, $x\theta f(y,z)=x\theta^S f^S(y,z)$ for all $ x,y,z \in S$. Then by Lemma \ref{gl2}, $R \subseteq T$ and by Remark \ref{gr3}, $S/T$ is a group.
Let $\phi:G \rightarrow S/T$ be the map defined by $\phi(hx)=T_1\circ x,~h\in H,~x\in S$. This is a homomorphism, because for all $h_1,~h_2 \in H$ and $x_1,~x_2 \in S,$
\begin{eqnarray*}
\phi(h_1x_1.h_2x_2) & = & \phi(h_1h(x_1{\theta} h_2\circ x_2))~\text{for some $h \in H$}\\
 & = & T_1\circ (x_1{\theta} h_2\circ x_2)\\
 & = & (T_1\circ (x_1{\theta} h_2))~\circ ~(T_1\circ x_2)\\
 & = & (T_1\circ x_1)~\circ~(T_1\circ x_2)~~~~~~~(\text{for}~(x_1{\theta} h_2,x_1) \in T)\\
 & = & \phi (h_1x_1)\phi (h_2x_2).
\end{eqnarray*}
Let $h\in H$ and $x\in S.$ Then $hx\in Ker \phi $ if and only if $x\in T_1.$ Hence $Ker\phi = HT_1=N(say)$. This proves the lemma.
\end{proof}

\section{Proof of Theorems}

\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem \ref{1}]
Let $G$ be a finite group and $H$ a core-free subgroup of it. Suppose that $S$ is a generating transversal of $H$ in $G$. Then the group $G$ can be written as $HS$. By Lemma \ref{a}, $G/HG^{(1)} \cong S/S\cap HG^{(1)}$.
So, \begin{equation}\label{(i)} S^{(1)} \subseteq S\cap HG^{(1)}.
\end{equation}

By Lemma \ref{b}, $HS^{(1)}$ is normal subgroup of $G$.
Thus $G/HS^{(1)} =S/S^{(1)} $ (Lemma \ref{a}).
Since $S/S^{(1)} $ is abelian, $ G^{(1)} \subseteq HS^{(1)}.$ Thus
\begin{equation} \label{(ii)} S\cap HG^{(1)}\subseteq S^{(1)}.
\end{equation}

From \eqref{(ii)} and \eqref{(i)}, it is clear that \begin{equation} S\cap HG^{(1)} = S^{(1)} \end{equation}\label{(iii)(a)} and
\begin{equation}\label{(iii)(b)}HG^{(1)} =HS^{(1)}.\end{equation}

We will use induction to prove that, $HS^{(n)}=  H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}$ for $n \geq 1$ and by $S^{(0)}$ we mean $S$. For $n=1$, $HS^{(1)}= HG^{(1)}= H(HS^{(0)})^{(1)}$ (by \eqref{(iii)(b)}).
By induction, suppose that $HS^{(n-1)}= H(HS^{(n-2)})^{(1)}$.
Since  $S^{(n-1)}/S^{(n)}\cong HS^{(n-1)}/HS^{(n)}  $ is an abelian group, $(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)} \subseteq HS^{(n)}$.
Thus $ H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}$ $ \subseteq HS^{(n)}$.

 Now, $HS^{(n-1)}/H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)} $ $\cong S^{(n-1)}/(S^{(n-1)} \cap H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)})$ (Lemma \ref{a}).
So $S^{(n)} \subseteq S^{(n-1)} \cap H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}=S \cap H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}$.
That is, \begin{equation}\label{(*)} HS^{(n)}= H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}~\text{for all}~ n \geq 1.\end{equation}
Now  \eqref{(*)} implies that \begin{equation}\label{(**)} HS^{(n)}=H(HS^{(n-1)})^{(1)}  \supseteq H(H(HS^{(n-2)})^{(1)})^{(1)} \supseteq H(HS^{(n-2)})^{(2)} . \end{equation}
Proceeding inductively, we have $ HS^{(n)}\supseteq H(HS)^{(n)}=HG^{(n)}$.
Suppose that $S$ is solvable, that is there exists $n \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $S^{(n)}=\{1\}$. Then $(G)^{(n)} \subseteq H$. Since $(G)^{(n)}$ is normal subgroup of $G$ contained in $H$, so $(G)^{(n)}=\{1\}$. This proves the theorem.
\end{proof}

 Converse of the above theorem is not true. For example take $G$ to be  the Symmetric group on three symbols and $H$ to be any two order subgroup of it. Then $H$ has no solvable generating transversal but we know that $G$ is solvable.  Following is the easy consequence of the above theorem.

 \begin{corollary}
 If $S$ is a finite solvable right loop, then $G_SS$ is solvable.
 \end{corollary}

\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem \ref{2}]
Suppose that $T=\{1, t\}$. Since $T$ is an invariant sub right loop, so $t$ is fixed by all the elements of $G_S$.
Consider the equation $(x \circ y ) \circ z = (x \theta^S f^S(y,z)) \circ (y \circ z)$.
Since $S/T$ has associativity, so  $T \circ ( (x \circ y ) \circ z) = (T \circ x \theta^S f^S(y,z)) \circ ((T \circ y) \circ (T \circ z))$. Since $S/T$ is a group, so by cancellation law we have $T\circ x=T \circ (x \theta^S f^S(y,z))$. This implies $\{x, t \circ x \}=\{x \theta^S f^S(y,z), t \circ x \theta^S f(y,z) \}$. Note that for each $y,z \in S$, an element $x \in S$ is either fixed by $f^S(y,z)$ or $x \theta^S f^S(y,z)=f^S(y,z)(x)=t \circ x$. Suppose that $f^S(y,z)(x)=t \circ x$. Since $f^S(y,z)$ is bijective, so $f^S(y,z)(t \circ x) \neq t \circ x$. Then $f^S(y,z)(t \circ x)= t\circ (t \circ x)=(t \theta^S f^S(y,z)^{-1} \circ t) \circ x=(t \circ t )\circ x =x$. Thus either $x$ is fixed by $f^S(y,z)$ or there is a transposition $(x, t \circ x)$ in the cycle decomposition of $f^S(y,z)$. That is $f^S(y,z)$ can be written as a product of disjoint transpositions. This clearly implies that $G_S= \langle \{f^S(y,z) \mid y,z \in S \} \rangle $ is an elementary abelian 2-group. This proves the theorem.
\end{proof}

Following is a known result (can be proved independently) follows from Theorem \ref{2}.

\begin{corollary}
Let $G$ be a finite group and $H$ a core-free subgroup contained in a normal subgroup $N$ such that the index of $H$ in $N$ is $2$. Then $N$ is an elementary abelian $2$-group.
\end{corollary}

\section{Some Problems}
It is an interesting problem to find condition on  a right loop $S$ such that $G_SS$ holds some group theoretical property. For example, what is the minimum condition on right loop $S$ for which $G_SS$ is a   nilpotent group?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Hundreds of millions of people are affected by trachoma, a conjunctival and corneal infection caused by C. trachomatis, mainly of serotypes A, B, Ba, and C (Grayston and Wang, 1975). Certain "genital" serotypes (e.g., D) of C. trachomatis have also been recovered from the eyes of some trachoma patients. In principle, trachoma occurs throughout the world. Infection by C. trachomatis, serotype A, has been demonstrated in the Middle East and North Africa, but not the United States or the Far East (Wang and Grayston, 1982). The disease is a major public health problem in many rural areas of the developing world, particularly hot and dry regions. It is estimated that about 2 million persons are blind and even a greater number of persons are suffering from partial loss of vision as a result of trachoma (Fig. 36).


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CAMP SANG-AN, Labangan, Zamboanga del Sur – The peace-loving people of Calamba, Misamis Occidental has declared the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), New People's Army (NPA) and the National Democratic Front (NDF) as persona non grata through a resolution passed by the Municipal Peace and Order Council effective June 18, 2019. During Municipal Peace and Order Council Meeting, the Resolution No. 1 Series of 2019 states that;
"The peace-loving people of Calamba, Misamis Occidentalstill aspire to bring their municipality closer to the peace that they always dreamt of."
"The people of Calamba, Misamis Occidental must take a stand against the presence of the Communist Terrorist Groups (CTG) in their respective localities in order to show their sincerity and support to the call of President Rodrigo Roa Duterte to once and for all end the communist insurgency in the country."
"The people of Calamba, Misamis Occidental are already fed-up with the 50 years of lies and atrocities of these bandits against our people for their criminal acts and violations of the International Humanitarian Law."
"The local chief executives (LCEs) and Municipal Vice-Mayor in Calamba, Misamis Occidental have stressed that their constituents want to live in a peaceful, prosperous and happy community."
Lt. Col. John Andrada, 10th Infantry Battalion Commander, said that "This bold move is a great help in our effort to protect the communities from the atrocities of the communist terrorist group."
"Likewise, this will ease our burden on neutralizing the CTGs because we expect more information from the constituents regarding their presence in the localities." Andrada added.
Meanwhile, Brig. Gen. Bagnus Gaerlan, Jr., commander of 102nd Infantry (IGSOON) Brigade which has operational jurisdiction of Misamis Occidental, states that "With the declaration, the CTG will have a small chance of recruiting our people especially the farmers, the youth, women and the indigenous people to join this terrorist movement."
For his part, Maj. Gen. Roberto Ancan, the 1st Infantry Division and Joint Task Force Zampelan (Zamboanga Peninsula and Lanao Provinces) commander, lauded the local government unit of Calamba, Misamis Occidental on the declaration of the CTG as Persona Non Grata.
"This audacious action by the local government unit of Calamba, Misamis Occidental will ease and hasten our campaign against the terrorist group," Ancan added.
"With the help of the local communities, local chief executives and other stakeholders, we can end the insurgency, attain a just and lasting peace and continue on with the progress and development of the province", Ancan concluded.
Soldiers and Stakeholders celebrate 1ID's 83rd Founding Anniversary


There's one big problem I have with artificial lawns. What happens to it when it's time to get rid of it? I agree, lawns are an abomination in an area that with desert conditions 8 months of the year, but at least it's not another synthetic to be tossed into a landfill when it's time has come. I have dogs, not kids and I believe I'll always have some portion of my yard as lawn. I also know, if your soil is managed correctly, water use can be lowered significantly. I can improve soil condition to a point where water use can drop by 75%. That's not a bad trade off for keeping a living system as opposed to supporting another non biodegradable synthetic.
Excellent point, Brian. Plastic is plastic, no matter what it emulates. But tell me more about what kind of soil conditioning can reduce water use by 75% -- if I can keep a durable, shade-tolerant lawn going on 5,000 gal/yr instead of 20,000, then grass is back in the game.


Do you want to bring the nautical look to your bathroom?
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With storage being essential in the bathroom we have designed our coastal bathroom furniture with good sized drawers to provide as much space as possible, even if you only have a small space.


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'I'm in the Marching Band. It's a Sport'
We're one of the most ubiquitous aspects of the football season: the marching band. We're there dividing football games and giving you a chance to get a snack; we're at homecoming celebrations; we're at the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade. High school musicians like me have been competing across the country for awards for the last couple of months; 22 of them appeared in the Rose Bowl parade and the College Football championships.
I joined the marching band as a freshman. Since fourth grade, every single season of my year had been about baseball. I played so much I felt that it was a part of me. I was never the strongest or most talented kid on the field, but I'd always make the A team and be a key part of our success.
But when I played freshman baseball last spring and over the summer, I came to the realization that the stress involved was beginning to overpower the fun. So I dropped the glove and bat to play bass drum in the drumline.
Vincent Guerrero quit baseball to play in his high school marching band. He writes that believes the marching band should be taken as seriously as sport.
Joseph Butz
With the band, there's no bench, no-one waiting to take the field. Everyone gets to participate, and members don't even need to know an instrument to join, although I have played drums since third grade.
At first, I regretted the switch, but I soon learned that my athleticism and strength weren't wasted marching. The drums I play can weigh anywhere from 11 to 40 pounds and I have to carry them while walking lockstep with other band members.
For all intents and purposes, marching band is a sport. The Georgia Scholastic Association explicitly recognized it as such. The famed Indiana University basketball coach Bobby Knight said that the marching band practiced harder than his players.
I believe American culture needs and wants the marching band. People fought hard to keep the bands playing on when performances were canceled in the name of social distancing. When the pandemic slashed Wilkes University's budget and they sought to sacrifice the band, a university of 2,300 students managed to collect over 1,500 signatures to save it.
The Arcadia High School Marching Band participates in the 123rd Annual Rose Parade on January 2, 2012 in Pasadena, California.
Alberto E. Rodriguez/Getty Images
As well as being popular at games, the marching band combines arts and athletics. It allows interscholastic competition without the extreme pressure of sports and, unfortunately, the prospect of paying for college; fewer than 10 percent of colleges and universities offer marching band scholarships. I think music isn't valued as highly as sport.
News outlets follow band developments like they do the sports themselves. Along with the games, journalists have reported that Ohio State Band was playing at home for "the Game"—the football game between Ohio State and Michigan—for the first time since 2018, and that the University of Texas' band now has the largest drum in the world. There are numerous other stories about the bands.
But, as much as the band gets embraced, it's also derided. It's the recurring joke from the movie American Pie: "one time, at band camp." We band members are called geeks; there's even a musical play called Band Geeks that celebrates misfits. We're teased as not being athletes, even though I'd argue that we are.
I don't regret quitting baseball. Teasing us doesn't make sense to me because the public appreciates marching bands. They've withstood the test of time. It's good-natured ribbing, for sure, but I wish the public would grudgingly admit the truth: marching bands are cool.
Vincent Guerrero is a sophomore at high school in Ridgewood, New Jersey.
All views expressed in this article are the author's own.
Do you have a unique experience or personal story to share? Email the My Turn team at myturn@newsweek.com.
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Today's Wordle #587 Tips and Answer for Friday, January 27 Brainteaser


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Q: behavior of function between two bounds Let $f, U, L : [0,1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be three functions with the property that
(1) U and L are continuous functions
(2) $\forall x \in [0,1]$, $L(x) \leq f(x) \leq U(x)$
(3) $f(0)=L(0)=U(0)=C$
(4) $L(x)$ and $U(x)$ are increasing.
We do not know whether $f$ is continuous.
Do these properties imply that there exists $x_0>0$ such that $f(x)$ is continuous and increasing in $[0,x_0)$?

A: No.
Take $L(x)=x^2$, $U(x)=x$, $f(x)=L(x)+\mathbf 1_{\mathbb Q}(x)\cdot (U(x)-L(x))=\begin{cases}U(x)&\text{if $x\in\mathbb Q$,}\\L(x)&\text{if $x\notin\mathbb Q$.}\end{cases}$

A: No Let $L(x)=x,U(x)=2x$, $f(x)=\frac{3}{2}x$ on rational number and $f(x)=\frac{4}{3}x$ on irrational number

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Mnangagwa: Stone-faced securocrat who pulled rug from under Mugabe's feet
Africa / 22 November 2017, 3:27pm / Jonisayi Maromo
Zimbabwean Vice-President Emmerson Mnangagwa. SOURCE: ANA File picture
The stone-faced 75-year-old securocrat who has pulled the rug from under Robert and Grace Mugabe's feet to emerge as the next leader of Zimbabwe, is feared because of his long links with the country's infamous security apparatus, but at the same time has also become venerated among the Zimbabwean population who endured nearly four decades Robert Mugabe rule.
Zimbabwean nationals who have spoken to international media houses in the wake of Robert Mugabe's resignation are making it clear that Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa, or simply ED, or the Crocodile as they affectionately refer to the sacked former vice president president, might be the devil. But they see him as a lesser devil than the ousted Mugabe.
Mnangagwa is set to be sworn in as President of Zimbabwe soon following Mugabe's resignation which was announced to the world by Parliament of Zimbabwe Speaker Jacob Mudenda on Tuesday.
Mnangagwa was expected back in the capital Harare on Wednesday evening after a self-imposed exile in neighbouring South Africa after his November 6 axing.
By lunchtime on Wednesday thousands of jubilant Zimbabweans had gathered at Manyame Airbase on the outskirts of the capital to await the returning hero.
Most were simply thankful to the man credited with loosening Mugabe's octopus-like grip on power. Mugabe resigned as president with immediate effect on Tuesday, after 37 years as first prime minister and then president, moments after the Zimbabwean parliament began impeachment proceedings against him.
On Harare's heavily potholed streets, and probably beyond the borders of Zimbabwe, very little is known and spoken about Mnangagwa, or Ngwena [Shona for crocodile].
READ MORE: #MugabeResigns: Mnangagwa to be sworn in as president on Friday
Mnangagwa is largely an enigmatic character, a man of few words, but chiefly dreaded amongst the Zimbabwean population due to his strong military links, decades of close proximity to Mugabe, and his role in the 1980s Gukurahundi genocide which will forever be a blemish on his legacy.
Around 20 000 Zimbabweans are believed to have died in the Gukurahundi massacres, as the military moved with a heavy hand to crush perceived dissidents in the Matabeleland and Midlands regions.
"Gukurahundi" is Shona for "the first rains which washes away the chaff (from the last harvest), before the spring rains".
Mnangagwa joined the military at a very tender age, after he had been recruited into the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) in 1962. He received military training in countries including China and Egypt. He earned the nickname "Ngwena" in his heydays as a political activist due to his crocodile style in sabotage activities against the colonial government.
At Zimbabwe's independence from British white minority rule in 1980, Mnangagwa was appointed Minister of State Security, a role he held until 1988 when he was appointed Minister of Justice.
Relations between Mugabe and Mnangagwa later became frosty, with 93-year old Mugabe sacking his deputy this month following weeks of harsh criticism and ridicule directed at Mnangagwa from Mugabe's wife, Grace – as factional fights to succeed Mugabe turned into a nasty and very public catfight.
Mnangagwa became Zimbabwe's vice president in 2014, taking over from Joice Mujuru who had served in the position for more than 10 years. Mujuru was dismissed from Zanu PF and the Zimbabwean government – a similar fate which later befell Mnangagwa and which banished him into self-imposed exile.


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Nikki Haley Fast Facts
Updated 8:13 AM EST, Wed January 4, 2023
Former Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley speaks during the first day of the Republican convention at the Mellon auditorium on August 24, 2020, in Washington, DC (Photo by OLIVIER DOULIERY/AFP via Getty Images)
OLIVIER DOULIERY/AFP/AFP via Getty Images
Here's a look at the life of Nikki Haley, former US ambassador to the United Nations and former Republican governor of South Carolina.
Birth date: January 20, 1972
Birth place: Bamberg, South Carolina
Birth name: Nimrata Nikki Randhawa
Father: Ajit S. Randhawa, professor and business owner
Mother: Raj Kaur Randhawa, teacher and business owner
Marriage: Michael Haley (1996-present)
Children: Rena and Nalin
Education: Clemson University, B.S., 1994
Haley's parents are Indian immigrants who owned Exotica International Inc., a small foreign goods store that evolved into a multimillion-dollar clothing and gift venture. Exotica closed in 2008 when the Randhawas retired.
Haley helped with bookkeeping at her parents' business when she was a teenager.
Her husband served in the National Guard and was deployed in Afghanistan for a year. He was part of an agricultural team that trained Afghan farmers how to turn their poppy crops into food crops.
Haley was raised in the religion of Sikh but converted to Christianity in her 20s. In an interview with the New York Times, Haley said she and her husband, "chose Christianity because of the way we wanted to live our life and raise our children."
In 2011, she made history by being the first woman and the first person of an ethnic minority to hold the governorship of South Carolina. She is also the second Indian-American governor in US history. Bobby Jindal was the first, in Louisiana.
1998 - Is named to the Orangeburg County Chamber of Commerce's board of directors.
2003 - Is named to the Lexington Chamber of Commerce's board of directors.
2004 - Becomes the president of the National Association of Women Business Owners.
2004 - Haley is elected to South Carolina House of Representatives' 87th District.
2005 - Is elected chairman of the State House's Freshman Caucus.
2006 - Serves as majority whip in the South Carolina General Assembly.
2006 and 2008 - Is reelected to her seat in the South Carolina state House of Representatives.
November 2, 2010 - Is elected governor of South Carolina, with the support of the Tea Party movement.
January 12, 2011 - Takes office as the governor of South Carolina.
April 2012 - Her autobiography, "Can't Is Not an Option: My American Story," is published.
November 8, 2014 - Is reelected for a second four-year term as governor.
June 22, 2015 - Calls for the removal of the Confederate battle flag from the South Carolina State House grounds days after Dylann Roof opened fire at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina. Roof was repeatedly photographed with the Confederate flag. The flag is taken down weeks later.
January 12, 2016 - Delivers the Republican party's response to President Barack Obama's final State of the Union address.
November 23, 2016 - President-elect Donald Trump announces Haley as his selection to serve as the US ambassador to the United Nations.
January 24, 2017 - The Senate confirms Haley as the next UN ambassador by a vote of 96-4.
January 24, 2017 - Resigns as governor of South Carolina.
January 25, 2017 - Is sworn in as ambassador to the United Nations.
September 2017 - In an interview with Elise Labott published in CNN's STATE Magazine, Haley discusses her conditions for becoming US ambassador to the United Nations, including the condition that she be able to speak her mind.
December 10, 2017 - Haley says that any women who speak up about inappropriate sexual behavior "should be heard," including Trump's accusers.
December 21, 2017 - In a speech in front of the UN General Assembly, Haley warns participating countries that the United States will think twice about funding the world body if it votes to condemn Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and move the US embassy there. Despite Haley's threat, member nations overwhelmingly vote in favor of the resolution condemning the Trump administration for its decision on Israel.
December 26, 2017 - Haley says the United States has negotiated a $285 million reduction of the UN budget for 2018-2019, compared to the budget for 2016-2017.
October 9, 2018 - Haley submits her resignation as UN ambassador. She will leave her post by the end of the year.
February 2019 - Launches the policy advocacy group Stand for America.
February 26, 2019 - Boeing announces its board of directors has nominated Haley for a seat on the board.
April 29, 2019 - Haley is elected to Boeing's board of directors during the company's annual shareholder meeting.
November 12, 2019 - Haley's memoir, "With All Due Respect: Defending America with Grit and Grace" is published.
December 2019 - During an interview with conservative podcaster, Glenn Beck, Haley revisits her decision to remove the Confederate flag from the South Carolina State House after the 2015 mass shooting at the Emanuel AME Church in Charleston. Haley says that gunman Dylann Roof "hijacked" the meaning of the flag. She explains the flag signified service, sacrifice and heritage to many people. She later says, via Twitter, that her remark was misconstrued by "the outrage peddlers in the liberal media."
March 19, 2020 - Boeing releases a March 16 letter from Haley in which she resigns from the board of directors. She states, "I cannot support a move to lean on the federal government for a stimulus or bailout that prioritizes our company over others and relies on taxpayers to guarantee our financial position. I have long held strong convictions that this is not the role of government."
October 4, 2022 - Haley's book, "If You Want Something Done: Leadership Lessons from Bold Women," is published.
Gubernatorial candidate Nikki Haley smiles along with her husband, Michael Haley, left, and daughter Rena as they watch the Republican runoff results at the Columbia Sheraton on June 22, 2010, in Columbia, South Carolina. Haley defeated Rep. Gresham Barrett in the Republican runoff.
Chris Keane/Getty Images
Haley shares a hug with her mom, Raj Randhawa, after speaking to voters at Hudson's Smokehouse on November 3, 2010. Haley became the first Indian-American governor of South Carolina when she beat incumbent Democrat Vincent Sheheen.
Former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney and Haley laugh during a rally on January 13, 2012, on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.
Haley and her husband pose as they take selfies at the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India, on November 15, 2014.
NARINDER NANU/AFP/Getty Images
U.S. President Barack Obama speaks during the 2014 Governors' Dinner on February 23, 2014, in Washington as Haley, Michelle Obama and Gov. Mike Pence, R-Indiana, react.
Pool/Getty Images
Haley embraces U.S. Sen. Tim Scott of South Carolina at the Emanuel A.M.E. Church on June 21, 2015, four days after a mass shooting that claimed the lives of nine people at the historic church in Charleston.
Haley speaks to the media as she asks that the Confederate battle flag be removed from the Capitol grounds on June 22, 2015, in Columbia.
Haley and Charleston Mayor Joseph Riley, right, attend the funeral of Ethel Lance, 70, who was one of nine victims of the mass shooting.
Haley signs a bill on July 9, 2015, to remove the Confederate battle flag from State House grounds.
Sean Rayford/Getty Images
Haley speaks to the crowd September 18, 2015, in Greenville as a moderator of the Heritage Action Presidential Candidate Forum.
Nikki Haley's career as governor of South Carolina


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Inicio > Vol. 7, Núm. 2 (2018) >	Martín
Main Lines of Chinese Foreign Policy from the Opening to the Present
Rafael Martín
The history of the international relations of the People's Republic of China contains lines of action that should not go unnoticed. These lines are the consequence of the extraordinary circumstances that have surrounded the country since its proclamation in 1949, then within the framework of the Cold War, but with a huge burden of personality and ideology. Chinese history and culture, thus, have shaped their own context from which the events that took place around them were understood. The energetic personality of Mao and his ideology, the pragmatism of Deng Xiaoping, and the vicissitudes experienced by the world from the Cold War to the present, have created a cosmos of diverse circumstances that nevertheless do not detract from the fact that Chinese diplomacy has wellmarked lines of action, flexible, but immutable in time, and which are typical of their personality and idiosyncrasy. To understand the international relations of a country is to understand the soul of its citizens, because this is often reflected in the others. China has lived these years its inclusion in the new global world without forgetting the
patterns that were already recognizable in distant times.
China; international relations; diplomacy; openness; lines of action; ideology; culture; personality.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v7i2.5735
DOI (PDF): http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v7i2.5735.g4420
Copyright (c) 2019 Rafael Martín


text:
Where Are Bose's Wireless Noise-Canceling Earbuds?
Apple, Sony, Sennheiser and Amazon all have noise-canceling headphones. Bose, the industry leader in noise-canceling headphones, does not.
By Tucker Bowe
Almost a year ago, Bose announced the Bose Noise Cancelling Headphones 700 ($399), and released them a few short weeks later. But its Bose Earbuds 500, smaller and upgraded versions of the company's current wireless SoundSport Free, and the Bose Noise Cancelling Earbuds 700, are still yet to be seen.
The flagship Earbuds 700 were always slated for a vague 2020 release window, and the year is far from over, but the Earbuds 500s were supposed to be out way back in 2019. Where are they?
According to the company's website, the Bose Noise Cancelling Earbuds 700 (above) are expected to have "truly astonishing noise cancelling" capabilities.
One complication is almost certainly the COVID-19 pandemic, which has thrown a wrench in the gears of almost all tech companies' manufacturing plans, potentially delaying the new iPhone, and canceling industry events. But 2019 had come and gone before the pandemic spun up in earnest, and so while it is almost certainly a complicating factor, it's can't be all that is at play.
In March, Bose told CNET's David Carnoy that the earbuds are still coming, but offered no revised time frame, while the official Bose website lists 2020 as the time frame for both pairs. We've reached out to Bose for any updates or additional details.
It's is not at all rare for tech products to face delays, but this wrinkle has put Bose in a particularly notable pickle: the industry leader in noise-canceling headphones still doesn't have a pair of true wireless earbuds with noise-cancellation, in a market that was already notably reaching maturity by the close of 2019. Sony, Apple, Sennheiser and Master & Dynamic are just a few of Bose's rivals to have their own wireless earbuds with active noise-cancellation. Heck, Amazon released its own pair of wireless earbuds that have Bose's own technology, albeit somewhat watered-down "active noise-reduction" technology as opposed to noise-cancelation.
There is, of course, more to success than being first. There is plenty of profit to be found in focusing on refinement and releasing a highly-polished product that improves on the competition's early attempts. But the longer the wait, the better that product has to be. And with every month that goes by, the bar for Bose is getting higher.
Great Noise-Canceling Wireless Earbuds Are Finally Here. These Are the Ones You Want
It took a little while, but they've finally arrived. Read the Story
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Company Respiratory Therapy Associates Inc is located in the city of Weston. The legal address of the company is 730 Heritage Dr. Other interesting information can be found on working days by phone (954) 384-9044. The scheme of travel to the company Respiratory Therapy Associates Inc can be viewed on the interactive map.


BERLIN/MOSCOW (Reuters) - Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko accused Russia's Vladimir Putin on Thursday of wanting to annex his entire country and called for NATO to deploy warships to a sea shared by the two nations.
Poroshenko's comments to German media were part of a concerted push by Kiev to gain Western support for more sanctions against Moscow, securing tangible new Western military help, and rallying opposition to a Russian gas pipeline that threatens to deprive Ukraine of important transit revenues.
Moscow and Kiev blame each other for the incident, which took place in the Black Sea near Crimea, the Ukrainian region annexed by Russia in 2014.
"Don't believe Putin's lies," Poroshenko told Bild, Germany's biggest-selling paper.
Putin has accused Poroshenko of manufacturing the crisis to boost his flagging ratings ahead of next year's elections in Ukraine.
Volodymyr Omelyan, Ukraine's infrastructure minister, said on Thursday Russia had imposed a de facto blockade on two Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov by barring ships from leaving and entering the sea via the Kerch Strait.
Poroshenko told Bild he also wanted NATO to deploy warships to the Sea of Azov. Ukraine is not a member of the U.S.-led military alliance.
NATO, which has condemned Russia's seizure of the Ukrainian ships, said that the alliance's ships routinely patrolled and exercised in the Black Sea, that allies conducted regular air policing and reconnaissance flights there, and that the alliance had stepped up its activities since Moscow annexed Crimea.
"Three NATO members - Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey - are littoral states with their own national capabilities deployed in the Black Sea region," NATO spokeswoman Oana Lungescu said.
In a sign of support for Ukraine, U.S. President Donald Trump canceled a planned meeting with Putin at the Group of 20 summit in Buenos Aires.
"Based on the fact that the ships and sailors have not been returned to Ukraine from Russia, I have decided it would be best for all parties concerned to cancel my previously scheduled meeting in Argentina with President Vladimir Putin," Trump tweeted.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she thought there was no military solution to the crisis.
The Kremlin said Poroshenko's request for naval support appeared to be aimed at increasing tensions in the area.
The prospect of NATO warships heading to the Sea of Azov which is separated from the Black Sea by the Kerch Strait seems remote as it is shallow, access to it is controlled by Russia, and the Kremlin would likely view any attempt by the Atlantic alliance to deploy there as a hostile act.
Ukraine's border service said it would only allow Ukrainian citizens to travel to Crimea via its land border with the annexed territory, while the head of the Ukrainian navy said Kiev would try to get Turkey to close the Bosphorus Strait to Russian ships.
Russia on Thursday deployed a new battalion of advanced S-400 surface-to-air missile systems in Crimea, its fourth such battalion, TASS news agency cited a spokesman for Russia's Black Sea Fleet as saying.
The United States and the EU have imposed sanctions on Russia over its conduct toward Ukraine since 2014, when Moscow annexed Crimea after a pro-Russian leader was toppled in Kiev.
Poroshenko urged Berlin to halt an undersea pipeline project that would allow Russia to supply more gas to Germany directly.
The Nord Stream 2 project is a potentially serious problem for Ukraine, which currently earns large transit fees from piping Russian gas to Europe and stands to lose out.
But Germany's economy minister, Peter Altmaier, dismissed the idea that his country's commitment to the pipeline undermined efforts to de-escalate the Ukraine crisis.
Poroshenko's attempts to persuade the EU to impose new sanctions on Russia are also unlikely to bear fruit any time soon, diplomats say, given divisions within the bloc over how to deal with Moscow.
Merkel said she would raise the Black Sea issue with Putin at a G20 summit which starts in Argentina on Friday.


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Drone Delivery Canada Launches Pilot Program to Trial Blood-Borne Testing in Rural Areas
Many of Canada's vast rural and remote areas are inaccessible to conventional medical services. Drone Delivery Canada is trialing a way to reach them.
byMarco Margaritoff| PUBLISHED Aug 8, 2018 6:45 PM
Marco MargaritoffView marco margaritoff's Articles
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Drone Delivery Canada (DDC), which successfully completed its first series of test flights in New York's drone-testing corridor this spring, announced Tuesday that it will conduct a pilot project with the Public Health Agency of Canada's (PHAC) National Microbiology Laboratory. According to the press release, the mission here is to assess how effective drone deliveries can be in facilitating access to blood-borne infection testing in rural and remote areas.
Drone Delivery Canada plans to use its logistics platform to establish a customized "Depot to Depot" system, through which unmanned drones would ideally securely take off from one hub to autonomously find their way to another. We've reported on similar endeavors before, such as the Swiss variety, which has Matternet stations conveniently transport blood and plasma samples from one clinic's drone launch pad to another.
Should DDC's trial phase end successfully, by satisfying the standards of the PHAC and encountering little to no operations failures, Drone Delivery Canada hopes to implement a standardized system on a large scale in partnership with Transport Canada (similar to the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration) to provide those in inaccessible environments with the medical services they need.
"This is a unique and new application of our drone delivery platform that could result in significant health benefits in remote, isolated communities across Canada," said DDC CEO Tony Di Benedetto.
To his point, Drone Delivery Canada has largely focused on working with retailers and commercial clients, to maximize businesses with aerial deliveries from food and pharmacies to grocery stores and dry cleaners. Pivoting to the medical arena, as of Tuesday's announcement, is a significant business shift.
As for the specifics of this newly announced pilot project, DDC will revamp some of its hardware and logistics to suit the physical requirements dictated by these new payloads. From controlling the climate of the drone's cargo and monitoring the temperature and humidity of its medical payload, to establishing secure privacy protocols that protect the confidentiality of patients using this service, there's quite a lot to work on.
As it stands, the announcement brings hope to those of us who'd rather see unmanned aerial technology be used for humanitarian purposes than their irresponsible, illegal, or subversive counterparts.


As temperatures drop across South Florida and Treasure Coast, critters can pose a health hazard to your family and pets.
Experts say they are not a fan of cooler weather, so they will be looking to your home for warmth.
Jeannine Tilford, the owner of South Florida-based "Toad Busters," says rats can be deadly if they nest in your attic.
"Urine, feces, they bring up food in there, so you don't want that there ... we have new parasites and new things that come around all the time," said Tilford.
Tilford said you also need to watch out for poisonous cane toads because they can be dangerous to your pets.
"(Your pets) have a matter of minutes before they can die and it's very expensive (to treat), so an ounce of prevention is worth more than having to spend $1,000 at the vet trying to save your dog," said Tilford.
She says the toads are looking for warmth close to your home and as temperatures drop they become slower and easier for your pets to catch.
If your dogs comes in contact with one, Tilford says immediately wipe their mouth off with a wet paper towel or rag and take them to the nearest pet clinic.


Takara Belmont brings comfort, luxury and style into the new and innovative Odin Backwash Unit. The specially designed Odin Unit gives the your client the comfort of a tilting shampoo bowl, contoured seat cushions and a wide seating space.
With up to four inches of high-density foam, the backwash seat impressively balances plush comfort with solid support. The ergonomic design of the unit incorporates a curved backrest style and a shallow seat depression of 2.5 degrees to offer gentle support and a slight cradle for the customer. The backwash also provides a wide 19.7-inch arm-to-arm width and a comfortable 20 degree tilting white bowl to accommodate a large range of clients.
Available in Grade I & II vinyl or in standard black with a black body and white bowl, the Odin backwash unit weighs approximately 88 lbs. and has a front-to-back space requirement of at least 102.4 inches for optimal installation. The backwash dimensions stand in at a space-conscious 23.7 inches width, 49.6 inches deep and a variable height range of 36.2 to 38.6 inches due to the tilting bowl.
For a Simple Touch Up or a Total Makeover, Takara Belmont Furniture is ON SALE NOW!
Takara Belmont is known for their innovative designs and comfortable equipment for salons, spas and barbershops. For more information, visit beauty.takarabelmont.com.


We'll interview your company stakeholders to gather insights about your current development process, product team composition, research findings, design approach, and organization challenges. Next, we observe your users work with your product and identify opportunities to improve the experience. Based on what we learn, we'll work with your team to craft an actionable plan for optimizing your product process.
To identify product opportunities and unmet user needs, we conduct user interviews and field studies to immerse your team in the users' environment. With this method, we'll uncover critical details about your users that just isn't possible with other techniques.
Once we've worked with your team on a persona project, they'll have a firm understanding of your users' needs and can successfully communicate these requirements throughout the organization.
To identify opportunities for product improvements and new product concepts, we guide teams through the Experience Mapping process to identify the gaps in the users' current experience.
In just one week, we will work with your team to create a long-term Product Vision that your team can understand and rally behind. Your product managers will come away equipped to create roadmaps that align with your long-term product strategy.
The Design Sprint results in a set of new product concepts that your team can evaluate with users. Your team will collaborate to quickly ideate on possible design solutions, sketch ideas, brainstorm product features, and present solutions.
Usability tests are the most effective qualitative research tool for gathering user feedback and identifying design problems. We plan robust usability studies, recruit the right users, create realistic tasks, facilitate objective test sessions, and analyze the test results.
Want to learn more about our services? Contact us to start the conversation.


We exist to create jewelry people love. Our specialty is Jewelry with Sapphires, Loose sapphires, Rose gold engagement rings and wedding rings. Our jewelry is handmade at out studio.
With many years of trading sapphires, an expert in all the procedure of jewelry production is your best consultant to help you in the process of building your Engagement or wedding ring.
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text:
How to Tell What Version of Revit a File Is
If you are wondering how to tell what version of Revit a file is, you will have to check the build number. In the Help or About dialog box, click the Build number. If the number is higher than a certain threshold, you can safely assume that you have upgraded to the Revit 2021 release. If you are unsure of the build number, you can look it up in the top right corner of the file.
Revit 2021
You may be wondering how to tell what version of Revit a particular file is. The good news is that there are a few easy ways to check. The file name and project folder will often have the version information. If not, you can always search for the file name in a directory to determine its version. Here are a few tips to help you find the file's version:
To determine the current version of a file, open the file in Notepad or another text editor. Press CTRL + F to open the Search Window. Type "build" in the search field and it should return the build version and year. A GIF of the steps to find the license information is shown below. To view the current version of a file, click on the "?" icon at the top right of the ribbon.
You can also check the "Detach from Central" checkbox. If you are working on a project with more than one drafter, it is usually set up for worksharing. Worksharing enables multiple team members to access the model at the same time. This makes Revit files central files, but you can change this by unchecking the "Detach from Central". Once you've done this, you can access the file from any location. If necessary, you can save the file again, overwriting the old version.
One way to check the file's version is to double-click the file. If the file's name doesn't contain any information, it's probably an older version. It's best to upgrade your file whenever possible because this will produce less errors. Then, just double-click the file in question and click the "Upgrade" button. This way, you'll see the "Report" and "Build" properties of the file.
Alternatively, you can search for the element ID number by using the "Insert" function. This will open the Properties Palette. In this way, you'll see if there are any duplicate Marks. If there are any, you can also select all of them. It's also possible to select the entire family of them using the "Selection" button. However, this option requires more than one instance and will require a re-download of the software.
Worksharing in Revit
If you're working with a team and want to share model files, you should enable 'Worksharing in Revit'. This feature is available in the Revit Cloud. To use worksharing, your project file must be an RVT. If you're working with a group of people, you'll want to make sure everyone is using the same version of the model. In Revit, you can use worksharing by grouping your project into sub-groups.
When worksharing is enabled in your project, you can view your team's progress and collaborate in real-time. To enable worksharing, open the central model as an RVT file. Next, open the worksets project as a local copy of the central model. Once open, the worksets dialog will appear. Click the new workset. This new workset is associated with the central model. You can then share changes between worksets.
After enabling worksharing, you can switch between the central model and shared models. You can also choose which model to work on. If you're working on different models, open the central model to see what's happening in the other project. If you're using a shared model with your own model, use the 'Shared Model' feature to link the models. Then, you can choose to share the model with the other team member.
When using the Borrow Elements option, make sure to close the workset before reclaiming an element. This will increase the amount of work Revit has to do, which will lower its efficiency. Alternatively, you can use the 'Make Worksets Editable' or 'Check Out Worksets' methods. The latter option requires you to claim ownership of all elements in the model before allowing the other person to access it.
To make worksharing in Revit more effective, you should use 'worksets' to segment the model. These are not the same as layers, but are more like building components or assemblies. In 2D CAD, doors and walls would be separate layers, but in Revit, they'd be grouped together as a Facade, Core, Interiors, and so on. Similarly, worksets can act on multiple levels, so it's crucial to remember where your model belongs.
Finding the Build number
Revit is an incredibly useful piece of software, but finding the Build number of a file can be a bit of a mystery. Autodesk doesn't provide an update number for the software, so the build number is used to indicate the current build. To check the build number of a Revit file, first look in the upper right-hand corner of the file. You'll see the number below the version number.
The build number of a Revit file is usually found inside the ".rvt" file extension. This number is stored inside the file, and is easy to find by locating the ".rvt" extension in Windows Explorer. If you can't locate the extension, open the file in Notepad and look for the word "Build". This will tell you the Revit version. This number is usually located directly before the build command.
Occasionally, a build number is found in the first 10kb of the file. Sometimes it is further down the file, and it's necessary to download several bytes to find the exact location. While this can work, it's important to note that the time required to calculate the build number may vary. Also, note that the text information encoding may not be UTF-16 BE, but instead UTF-16 LE. If you are using Autodesk Construction Cloud, make sure the build number of the file is consistent.
Another way to find the build number of a Revit file is to look for the lines used as snap references. Revit will highlight these lines when you click them. You can also use the """""""" key to cycle through the available snap points. The next time you are in a Revit file, you'll know exactly where to find it. Once you've found it, you can select it from the Project Browser.
Exporting a file to an IFC or DWG
You might have noticed that you are exporting to a file format other than the one created by Revit. If this is the case, it is possible to tell which version of Revit a file is by examining the Class name for the items you want to export. If the file contains items such as IFCspace, furniture trees, or contours, you should uncheck them before exporting.
In order to find out the version of an exported IFC or DWG file, look at the lower-left portion of the dialog window. It should be in v15.1.0 or higher. If the file is older than these versions, try importing it to another software package. In most cases, you should be able to find the IFC version by using the "IFCExportAs" shared parameter.
IFC files are exported from Revit in a similar way. However, they are different because IFC files contain the space represented in purple prisms. These purple prisms are called IFCSpace. The IFC format is often exported to DWG or IFC files for use in a number of applications, including SketchUp. It is also possible to export a Revit file to other formats.
If a model is created in a different software program, you can find out what version it is by checking the file instructions. IFC files are compatible with models created in previous versions of Revit. However, if you are not sure, you can consult the IFC exporter's manual to determine which file format is compatible. If a file is compatible with an older version of Revit, it is a good idea to export it.
You should also check the file's date. Usually, you will need to export to an IFC file if you want to use an older Revit model. The file should have a version number. If it has version number, it is likely an older version. The IFC exporter in Revit has been updated with the latest features.
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1 Revit 2021
2 Worksharing in Revit
3 Finding the Build number
4 Exporting a file to an IFC or DWG


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PhosAgro Earns Brazilian "Environmental Quality Label"
PhosAgro's products have earned an "Environmental Quality Label" from the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT).
PhosAgro's Cherepovets, Volkhov and Balakovo production sites, as well as its phosphate extraction and enrichment site, in Kirovsk, have successfully passed an ABNT certification audit.
The audit of the Company's production facilities was conducted as part of a joint project involving PhosAgro, the ABNT and the Ecological Union certification body. The goal of the project is the mutual recognition of ecolabels for mineral fertilizers and the creation of unified requirements for the market of both countries for environmentally preferable mineral fertilizers based on the current standard of the Vitality Leaf international system. As the Ecological Union and the ABNT are members of the Global Ecolabeling Network, the organisations can work together on common criteria.
In 2021, PhosAgro became the first company in the Russian mineral fertilizer industry to receive a certificate of compliance with the STO-56171713-023-2020 (Mineral Fertilizers: Environmental Safety Requirements and Assessment Methods) standard, developed by the Ecological Union and recognised by the Global Ecolabeling Network. In October 2022, the Company was inspected to verify the compliance of its products with the Ecological Union standard and to confirm its right to use the internationally recognized Vitality Leaf ecolabel.
The Brazilian ABNT standard is harmonised for most criteria with the Russian Vitality Leaf standard. As part of the mutual recognition of eco-labels, Brazilian experts examined the life cycle of the Company's products, paying special attention to compliance with the requirements established by the Brazilian standard for the production, storage and transportation of fertilizers. The compliance assessment criteria included production, environmental and social aspects, such as energy efficiency and the use of recycled materials and energy resources, the use of best available technologies, and customer service in terms of providing complete and reliable information about the properties and optimal use of mineral fertilizers. The Brazilian standard establishes strict limits for arsenic and heavy metals that are identical to the Ecological Union standard. PhosAgro mineral fertilizers fully comply with the established requirements.
"The economies of Russia and Brazil are part of a single agribusiness chain. We import 23% of all types of mineral fertilizers from Russia, which are critical for us as an agribusiness powerhouse. I would like to congratulate PhosAgro, one of the biggest players in the Brazilian market, which has become the first Russian fertilizer producer to receive the Brazilian 'Environmental Quality Label'," said Brazil's ambassador to Russia, Rodrigo de Lima Baena Soares.
""It is very important for ABNT to complete this cooperation project with the Ecological Union, a Russian environmental labelling organisation, as a result of which PhosAgro Group's products exported to Brazil have been granted the ABNT ecolabel. The positive results achieved in the audit conducted by the Ecological Union, whose criteria were set jointly with the ABNT, enabled us to establish this process of mutually recognised certifications," said Guy Ladvocat, Head of the ABNT's Certification Department, on the results of PhosAgro's certification audit.
"International recognition as a unique benefit of Russia's Vitality Leaf ecolabel has been confirmed in practice. The ability to streamline the certification of products with Vitality Leaf in other international ecolabelling systems, such as the Brazilian system, helps exporting companies and simplifies the international trade in environmentally preferable products. We are pleased that PhosAgro's environmental protection efforts are now recognised not only in Russia but also in the Brazilian market," said Dr Yulia Gracheva, Director of the Ecological Union, a member of the Board of Directors of the Global Ecolabeling Network and head of the central authority of the Vitality Leaf environmental certification system.
"We are grateful to the experts from the ABNT and the Ecological Union for their work on harmonising the standards for enhanced products. This is an important step that will remove technical barriers to trade in environmentally safe products and boost bilateral trade between Russia and Brazil. Marking our products with the ABNT's 'Environmental Quality Label' will give Brazilian producers the opportunity to make an informed choice in favour of environmentally preferable fertilizers whose quality is confirmed on a global scale," said Mikhail Rybnikov, CEO of PhosAgro.
All PhosAgro industrial sites meet the latest and most stringent requirements of environmental laws. The environmental impact of PhosAgro's plants – in terms of those variables that are currently tested – has decreased to the levels established by Russian and European directories of best available technologies. On this basis, PhosAgro plants can be classified as green, or environmentally safe, industries.
The Company has adopted a climate strategy that anticipates a 14% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions relative to the 2018 baseline for scopes 1–3 by 2028. Specific scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions already decreased by 16% between 2018 and 2021, while gross emissions fell by 4% over this period.
The Company's own electricity-generating facilities at its chemical plants operate to a large extent by recycling waste steam from the production of sulphuric acid. Waste steam is used to produce 46% of the electricity generated in Cherepovets and 97.5% of the electricity generated in Balakovo. In Volkhov, a similar power generation plant was launched as part of an investment project for the construction of a new plant, which will cover 95% of the site's power generation needs.
A project on the use of renewable energy sources in industrial and social facilities is being implemented. PhosAgro is actively increasing the share of green energy in its energy consumption. Over the past two years, about 20% of the products from the Company's mining and processing site were produced using energy from a hydroelectric power plant.
In addition, PhosAgro, in cooperation with the government of the Vologda region and the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation, started its own project in 2021 to create a carbon farm – an area designed to monitor and absorb greenhouse gases. In October 2022, the first part of a carbon landfill was set up in the Vologda region on an area of 100 hectares, where some 110,000 coniferous and deciduous trees were planted. As a result, typical solutions will be developed for implementation.
PhosAgro also has a Counterparty Code of Conduct and a system for evaluating suppliers according to ESG criteria. To this end, the Company has developed a "Green Purchasing" system. PhosAgro's industrial sites undergo annual inspections and confirm their compliance with the requirements of the ISO 9001 quality management system and the ISO 14001 environmental management system. PhosAgro Group publishes an annual integrated report reflecting the compliance of its operations with ESG principles.
UNESCO Launches Call for Applications for Green Chemistry for Life Programme in Cooperation with PhosAgro and IUPAC


text:
define(['exports', 'aurelia-fetch-client', './dataClass', './dataSource', './restUtil', './directory'], function (exports, _aureliaFetchClient, _dataClass, _dataSource, _restUtil, _directory) {
    'use strict';

    Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
        value: true
    });
    exports.RestApi = undefined;

    function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) {
        if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
            throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
        }
    }

    var RestApi = exports.RestApi = function () {
        function RestApi() {
            _classCallCheck(this, RestApi);

            this.rest = new _restUtil.RestUtil();
            this.ready = false;
            this.loadFailed = false;
        }

        RestApi.prototype.generateRestString = function generateRestString(url, options) {
            return this.rest.generateRestString(url, options);
        };

        RestApi.prototype.loaded = function loaded() {
            var _this = this;

            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                var _waiting = void 0;
                _waiting = function waiting() {
                    setTimeout(function () {
                        if (_this.ready) {
                            resolve();
                        } else {
                            if (_this.loadFailed) {
                                throw "restApi failed";
                            } else {
                                _waiting();
                            }
                        }
                    }, 100);
                };
                if (_this.ready) {
                    resolve();
                } else {
                    _waiting();
                }
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.callServer = function callServer(url, options) {
            var _this2 = this;

            if (!options) {
                options = {};
                options.method = "get";
                options.body = null;
            } else {
                options.body = options.body ? JSON.stringify(options.body) : null;
                options.method = options.method || "get";
            }
            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                var responseData = void 0;
                _this2.httpClient.fetch(_this2.baseURL + url, {
                    method: options.method,
                    body: options.body
                }).then(function (response) {
                    responseData = response;
                    return response.json();
                }).then(function (data) {
                    if (responseData.ok) {
                        resolve(data);
                    } else {
                        reject(data);
                    }
                }).catch(function (err) {
                    reject(err);
                });
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.configure = function configure(config) {
            var _this3 = this;

            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                _this3.name = config.name;
                _this3.baseURL = config.baseURL;
                _this3.catalogURL = "/rest/$catalog/$all";
                _this3.httpClient = new _aureliaFetchClient.HttpClient();
                _this3.directory = new _directory.Directory(_this3);
                _this3.pageSize = config.pageSize || 40;
                _this3.timeout = config.timeout || 3600 * 5;
                _this3.classes = {};
                _this3.sources = {};
                _this3.configureHttp();
                if (config.localConfig) {
                    return _this3.localCatalog(config.localConfig).then(function () {
                        _this3.createDataSources(config.sources).then(function () {
                            _this3.ready = true;
                        });
                    }).then(function () {
                        resolve();
                    }).catch(function (err) {
                        _this3.loadFailed = true;
                        reject(err);
                    });
                } else {
                    return _this3.fetchCatalog().then(function () {
                        _this3.createDataSources(config.sources).then(function () {
                            _this3.ready = true;
                        });
                    }).then(function () {
                        resolve();
                    }).catch(function (err) {
                        _this3.loadFailed = true;
                        reject(err);
                    });
                }
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.configureHttp = function configureHttp() {
            var _this4 = this;

            this.httpClient.configure(function (config) {
                config.withBaseUrl(_this4.baseURL).withDefaults({
                    credentials: 'include',
                    mode: 'cors'
                });
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.createDataSources = function createDataSources(sources) {
            var _this5 = this;

            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                sources.forEach(function (source) {
                    if (_this5.classes[source.dataClass]) {
                        _this5.sources[source.name] = new _dataSource.DataSource(_this5, source);
                    } else {
                        throw "class:" + source.dataClass + " does not exsist";
                    }
                });
                resolve();
            }).catch(function (err) {
                throw err;
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.localCatalog = function localCatalog(data) {
            var _this6 = this;

            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                var restAPI = _this6;
                var dataClasses = data.dataClasses;
                if (dataClasses.length) {
                    dataClasses.forEach(function (dataClass) {
                        _this6.classes[dataClass.className] = new _dataClass.DataClass(dataClass, restAPI);
                    });
                    resolve();
                } else {
                    reject();
                }
            });
        };

        RestApi.prototype.fetchCatalog = function fetchCatalog() {
            var _this7 = this;

            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                _this7.httpClient.fetch(_this7.catalogURL).then(function (response) {
                    return response.json();
                }).then(function (data) {
                    var restAPI = _this7;
                    var dataClasses = data.dataClasses;
                    if (dataClasses.length) {
                        dataClasses.forEach(function (dataClass) {
                            _this7.classes[dataClass.className] = new _dataClass.DataClass(dataClass, restAPI);
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                        resolve();
                    } else {
                        reject();
                    }
                }).catch(function (err) {
                    reject(err);
                });
            });
        };

        return RestApi;
    }();
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The geography of our imagination extends way back, through love and dread and across kinship, to places we remember only during sleep. Michael Daly's new collection of poetry is a vehicle for traveling there, and through the windows of his words we can view our own hidden landscapes.
Daly peoples these poems with nearly mythological characters whose words and actions defy the challenges of daylight and common sense. We all have such denizens in our memory, and they visit us sometimes in quiet moments, to repeat their words and to once again play their roles.
no one following, his white beard floating the tilth of moon.
And the images! Images in "At a Graveyard in Dorchester, Massachusetts," lead us back to small moments of childhood. Daly recalls, for example, a family friend telling him of hell and purgatory. The memory brings back to him what he saw during the telling, and in turn we see not only a closeup of worn pavement, but also a small boy staring down at the pavement, perhaps reluctant to hear of such tortures.
pours into pits loose stones escaped.
We tour Daly's musings by means of a handmade letterpress chapbook, pleasing to the eye and the hand. And publisher Paul Hunter has decorated the work with three of his woodcuts, each deserving of a frame and spotlight.
Finally, in "Silhouette," Daly hauls us back into the daylight of present time to show his wife and son, with a banjo and a mandolin, and himself, "in our skiff on January's moon" paddling along in a world where rationality sometimes slips away and heroes fall, but people, and relationships, endure.
Copyright © 2003 Thomas Hubbard. All Rights Reserved.


Their claims are massive: at the touch of a mouse button — or in the time it takes to hit play on your MP3 player — they can give you an experience that would take years of practice to achieve by other means. How realistic are these claims? And, if they are trustworthy, which is the best meditation program to use?
The answer to the first question can be found in the brain research of the last century. Theta brain waves — characterized by a 4-7Hz brainwave frequency — have been found in experienced meditation practitioners all over the world. Switching your brain into a theta state can really be a shortcut to the mental and spiritual highs experienced by these master meditators.
In other articles on this blog, we've looked at the science behind these claims, and such benefits are more than achievable. You can learn more about the science behind brainwave entrainment here and here.
The second question is more difficult to answer. Meditation CDs of all kinds have been available since the mid-70s, and choosing one is a matter both of personal preference and hardnosed consumer awareness.
There are a bewildering variety of meditation CDs on the market. The very simplest rely on soothing music and 'guided meditation' voiceovers. These may be relaxing and hypnotic, lulling you into drowsiness, but they certainly aren't a shortcut to theta state brainwaves.
And brainwave entrainment music of this type is no longer limited to CDs. It is also available in the form of meditation software and MP3 downloads. That's because computer sound resources have improved enormously, and the techniques needed to produce entrainment effects are now widely understood. It is often more convenient for a small-scale binaural experimenter to make audio tracks available via MP3 download than for them to press a CD.
You might even download your own entrainment software like Transparent Corp's Mind WorkStation, enabling you to incorporate source sounds of your own choosing with binaural beats to make your own personalized brainwave entrainment music!
However, this approach doesn't take into account the full subtlety of the brain. If you want to explore new brainwave states, it isn't enough to randomly blast yourself with entrainment frequencies. An up-to-date brainwave meditation program takes account of the need to proceed gently when you switch yourself into deep theta meditation.
The best meditation CDs are 'second generation' products like the Brain Evolution System, which incorporate a whole panoply of esoteric sound techniques that promote the healthy, balanced, integrated function of the brain in all its complexity.