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Home » Investing » Investing Reviews » WiseBanyan Review
WiseBanyan Review
WiseBanyan is Best For
Is WiseBanyan Right For You?
Hands-off investing, free of fees.. Doesn't that sound great? WiseBanyan definitely has potential. But is there a catch? Find out in this review.
The world of investing was changed forever when Betterment introduced the robo-advisory model. Developed as a solution to the need for affordable financial advice and investment account management, robo-advisors have since become one of the most popular platforms available today.
That rich tradition is carried on by newer companies like WiseBanyan.
Rather than simply offering discounted rates by eliminating the notoriously expensive fees charged by independent financial planners, WiseBanyan is – or, rather, claims – to be "the world's first free financial advisor."
Usually, we're skeptical of any service's claim to be free. But WiseBanyan genuinely does offer 100% free account management and robo-advisory services.
In fact, the only time you'll pay is when you're adding one of their optional premium packages to your core account, closing an individual retirement account (IRA), exchange-traded funds (ETFs) fees (this is true for all robo-advisors, but WiseBanyan doesn't receive any kickbacks or commissions), and/or transferring your account away.
We'll take a look at all of these fees later in our review.
WiseBanyan also has a remarkably low account minimum. While robo-advisors like Wealthfront have an account minimum of $500, WiseBanyan's requirement for taxable accounts is a mere $1. And if you want to open an IRA, which is tax-deductible, all you need is a $25 deposit.
Axos Financial Inc. (formerly Bofi Holding Inc.), the financial services firm that also owns Bank of the Internet, recently started its acquisition of WiseBanyan. However, the company says that its free management will continue after the acquisition is complete.
We will also be taking a look at some of the drawbacks in WiseBanyan's model. After all, the goal of the article is to find out if WiseBanyan is the company for you.
Management fee: $0 (no management fees) except for IRAs at 0.24% annually (capped at $20)
Account minimums: $1 for taxable accounts, $25 for IRAs
As great as WiseBanyan sounds, no online discount brokerage is best for everyone. However, they are an attractive option for their target market:
First-time investors (and other novices)
Investors who are goals-oriented
Those looking for free management services
Investors with a low balance
Where WiseBanyan shines, they shine very brightly indeed. Here are all the areas where we feel they could scarcely do better.
+Free Management
It's their drawcard, of course, but we can't stress how great it is to find quality management services that are truly free. While robo-advisors (and even hybrid-advisors) have made their mark on the industry by drastically cutting financial management and advisory fees, there are very few that offer these services for free.
Of course, this may leave you wondering how WiseBanyan is able to stay in business.
As mentioned in our introduction, the company charges certain additional fees that are entirely elective – namely, those for the premium add-on packages.
Tax Protection: made up of three features (WiseHarvesting, Selective Trading, and IRAutomation), this package costs 0.02% monthly or 0.24% annually to help lower your taxes. Monthly costs are capped at $20.
Fast Money: designed to help speed up funding through three features (Quick Deposit, Auto-Deposit Scheduler, and Overdraft Protection), the Fast Money Package costs $2 a month. This includes any month where the add-on was activated (even if it's only for a day).
Portfolio Plus: allows you to customize your portfolio with additional stocks and bonds not available with the free Core Package. This can help you achieve some additional portfolio diversification, but will cost you a flat rate of $3 a month.
Teamwork: the Partner feature allows you and your significant other to work together by sharing milestones so that WiseBanyan can manage your accounts separately. You'll both need to have an account and activate the Teamwork Package, the cost of which is not disclosed (though it appears to be available for free).
WiseBanyan is also looking to add a Family Accounts feature, which will work much the same as the Partner feature but additionally allow you to add UGMAs and/or UTMAs for your children.
The only fees you should expect to pay are fund manager fees. As mentioned earlier, these are standard practice and aren't unique to WiseBanyan. The company does, however, look specifically for those with a low expense ratio, so you'll only pay an average of about 0.12%. WiseBanyan doesn't receive any portion of these fees as kickbacks or commissions.
You can find a full breakdown of individual funds fees here.
Most robo- and hybrid-advisors adhere to the modern portfolio theory in developing their investment philosophy. WiseBanyan does the same.
This is why you need to fill out a short questionnaire as part of the sign-up process. WiseBanyan uses your answers to determine your "risk score," better known as risk tolerance. Based on this figure, the company's computer-generated algorithms develop a recommended portfolio and investment strategy.
These, in turn, will determine the balance of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) WiseBanyan recommends you trade. If you don't like their analysis, you can change your risk score and the robo-advisor will automatically update the recommendations accordingly.
The ETFs that form WiseBanyan's core portfolio offerings are similar to that of rival advisories that work to provide low expense ratio funds. Most of these are drawn from Vanguard and iShares. As mentioned earlier, this means you can expect to pay an average funds fee of 0.12%.
WiseBanyan makes it a little difficult to find out exactly which ETFs are available only through Portfolio Plus. In the relevant section of their FAQs, the links redirect you to a login prompt.
However, you can see a complete list of the ETFs and their individual fees here, including a separation between those available to all customers and those only available with Portfolio Plus.
+Goal-Oriented Investing
Many robo- and hybrid-advisors – including Motif Investing, Ellevest, and Betterment – take a goal-oriented approach to investments. Sometimes called "thematic investing," this practice allows clients to create "buckets" (or milestones).
WiseBanyan is no different. All you need to do is enter your investment goal – such as buying a house, for example – time horizon, net worth, and income.
The computer-generated algorithms then analyze this information and calculate a recommended investment total you should be putting toward each milestone. If you have the premium Fast Money package activated, you can then use their Auto-Deposit Scheduler feature to automatically have the recommended funds deposited into each bucket portfolio.
If you feel that you can afford to pay more toward any particular goal, or you prefer a more aggressive investment strategy, you can also adjust the recommended asset allocation for each goal.
It's also worthwhile to highlight two other features offered by WiseBanyan that help with goal-based investing:
The Partner feature (and, presumably, the Family Accounts feature once added), which forms part of the Teamwork package. As explained earlier, this allows you and your spouse (or any other life partner) to set, track, and save toward milestones together.
Both of you will need to have a WiseBanyan account with the Teamwork package activated, but only one of you will need to actively set the milestone. You can then share it with your partner. This can help with goals that require a higher amount, as the robo-advisor will recalculate your individual investment strategies. You may find that you can afford to contribute less and use a more conservative investment strategy because the burden is shared between the two of you.
If paying $2/month for the Fast Money premium package in order to make use of Auto-Deposit Scheduler is an added expense you'd rather avoid, you'll be happy to know there's a free option. Formulas allows you to create round up dividend match, bargain hunting, and level up formulas to help you reach your milestones faster.
There isn't much information available in the FAQ section on what each of these formulas do exactly. However, so long as you're using a taxable account to manage your milestone portfolios, these formulas will help you direct extra funds from your linked bank account toward fulfilling those goals.
While there's clearly a lot to love about WiseBanyan, there's also a number of drawbacks – sacrifices you'll need to make in order to enjoy their otherwise free services. How much of a contention point each of these will be is up to you, of course.
-Limited Account Selection
WiseBanyan only offers the following account types:
Personal Investment Account, Individual (taxable)
Traditional IRA (tax-advantaged)
Roth IRA (tax-advantaged)
SEP IRA (tax-advantaged)
That's it. It's a very short list and certainly limits the type of investors who are going to be able to take full advantage of WiseBanyan's services.
For example, you won't be able to open a taxable joint account with your partner, which has a number of advantages. You also won't be able to create a trust or custodial account to help provide for your child's (or children's) future (though as mentioned earlier, the Family Accounts feature will introduce these once WiseBanyan launches it).
Other robo-advisors do offer these options already. It's a matter of deciding whether Wisebanyan's lack of management fees and commissions are worth staying with them.
-Transfers
WiseBanyan makes transferring to them from another service more difficult than most others do. They don't support transfers in kind, which means you'll have to liquidate all your investments before being able to transfer.
That kind of hassle is rather off-putting, but if you're signing up as a first-time investor or planning on liquidating in any case, it won't be an issue for you.
What will become an issue, however, is when you later decide to transfer away from WiseBanyan (if you do, that is). There aren't any closing fees for taxable accounts at least, but you'll have to pay $10 per IRA upon closure.
And on top of that, you'll want to liquidate your investments again. Otherwise, Apex Clearing (WiseBanyan's broker-dealer) charges $75 per account.
-Mandatory IRA Fees
While taxable (individual personal) accounts remain free of management fees, that's no longer the case with IRAs.
In early 2018, Wisebanyan sent an email out to their clients notifying them of the change in advance. However, for new clients, it's remarkably difficult to discover this on their site. In fact, you have to do some serious crawling through their FAQs to put the pieces together.
To save you the trouble, all IRAs are now part of the Tax Protection Package, under the IRAutomation feature.
That means you'll have to pay an annual management fee of 0.24% for an IRA, capped at $20 a month and with a minimum of $10 per IRA. The account minimum also jumps up from $1 (for taxable accounts) to $25 per IRA.
-Paid Tax-Loss Harvesting
Tax-loss harvesting is a popular way to maximize your returns by using trading losses to offset your taxable income while maintaining a constant market exposure.
Many robo- and hybrid-advisors offer this service as part of their management fees, some as an optional add-on. Unfortunately, WiseBanyan falls into the latter category.
The company calls its tax-loss harvesting service WiseHarvesting. As you saw earlier, this is one of the features falling under the premium Tax Protection Package – meaning you'll pay 0.24% of your assets value annually to take advantage of it.
Again, this will be capped at $20 a year. This means that as soon as your taxable account hits around $8,400, you'll actually be saving on the fees.
That's only a slight consolation. At 0.24%, WiseHarvesting costs almost as much as the full management fees for a Wealthfront account – and Wealthfront's tax-loss harvesting feature is a far more advanced version.
There's a fair amount of trade-offs that you'll need to take into consideration before you decide to invest through WiseBanyan.
However, if the account types on offer are all you feel you'll need, and especially if you're a first-time investor, we do strongly recommend the service. All the paid add-ons are entirely optional.
And if you later need to add a different kind of account that isn't offered by WiseBanyan, you can always open a second investment account with one of their competitors.
All told, the level of service provided by WiseBanyan is above what one would expect from a free robo-advisor. Even if you do decide to pay for the Tax Protection Package, it quickly becomes relatively cheap.
We certainly give the company two thumbs up.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Fresh off the Victoria's Secret runway, Irina Shayk and Bradley Cooper revealed that they are expecting what could possibly be the most beautiful baby in world history. As if that excitement weren't enough, the model was just spotted out for a spa day in Los Angeles wearing an emerald ring on her left ring finger. Whether they're engaged or not is unclear...for now. Shayk's and Cooper's reps have not commented on the news.
But should the ring truly be an engagement one, it bears resemblance to another very famous sparkler: Kate Middleton's.
Traditional with a bit of a twist, the emerald ring surrounded by a pear-shaped diamond halo set in yellow gold may just be the downtown version of the heirloom with which Prince William proposed to the now Duchess of Cambridge. A royal-level ring with enough edge for an it-girl? Job well done, Bradley.


Moreover, Bloomberg claims that there were other blockchain-related funds who eventually changed their names following the SEC's request.
Per the Investment Company Act of 1940, issuers are obliged not to use "materially deceptive or misleading" names. In 2001, the SEC adopted the Names Rule (Rule 35d) to clarify the guidelines. The funds are therefore required to ensure that at least 80 percent of assets coincide with the description in their monikers.
According to Bloomberg, the SEC is on high alert due to the growing number of ETFs launched by funds that offer to invest in a wide range of projects and services. The number of assets in these funds has nearly tripled between 2014 and 2018, and more than 10% of new ETFs in 2018 targeted a particular theme, the media out states.
As Cointelegraph previously reported, in early 2018 the SEC had warned that U.S. companies who change their name to include the word "blockchain" would soon face increased scrutiny from the regulators.
SEC chairman Jay Clayton recently noted that the crypto industry will stay in the regulator's focus in the nearest future. He believes that there is a path for the industry to compliance with the federal securities laws.
Earlier in April, the SEC released guidance on determining whether digital assets constitute investment contracts. The agency also stated a new initial coin offering token from startup TurnKey was not a security.


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India Plans to Tax Income From Bitcoin Investments: Report
Omkar Godbole
5 December 2020, 11:07 pm ·2-min read
India-based investors may soon have to pay taxes on returns earned from bitcoin investments.
The country's income tax authority is tracking investors making money amid the ongoing bitcoin price rally and is all set to demand taxes, two sources familiar with the matter said, according to The Economic Times (ET), a business-focused daily newspaper.
The tax department collected information about bitcoin trades executed through banking channels before the Reserve Bank of India's (the country's central bank) crypto ban took effect in April 2018. The Supreme Court overturned the ban in early March, bringing cheer to both investors and local cryptocurrency exchanges.
Related: Thai Excise Department Will Deploy Blockchain Tech to Boost Tax Collection
"The tax authority can also monitor earnings of cryptocurrency investors registered through KYC/AML compliant exchanges like CoinDCX and through national identity documents such as the PAN card," Sumit Gupta, CEO of Mumbai-based cryptocurrency exchange CoinDCX, told CoinDesk.
Some experts are anticipating a 30% tax on cryptocurrency gains, and many are advising their clients to file bitcoin returns as capital gains, which are associated with stocks, according to the article.
Amit Maheshwari, a partner at tax and consulting firm AMK Global, told the newspaper that bitcoin's active trading would be treated as a speculative business and attract normal tax rates. In contrast, authorities may treat one-off or infrequent transactions as capital gains, long-term or short-term, depending on the holding period, and levy a concessional rate of capital gains.
The tax authority has not yet categorized returns from cryptocurrencies under any specific bracket. "Currently, if an investor submits his Income Tax declaration, the amount of earnings generated by investing in cryptocurrencies is highlighted under Income from Other Sources,'" Gupta told CoinDesk.
Related: Russian Prime Minister Pledges to 'Civilize' Crypto Market and Prevent Scams
The clarity on the tax and regulation front may bring more investor participation. While the Indian government does not consider bitcoin legal tender, holding cryptocurrencies is not necessarily illegal or banned.
Back in September, the government was reportedly mulling a new law prohibiting cryptocurrency trading. However, according to a think tank, the government would be better off legitimizing bitcoin by regulating it like corporate stock.
Geriatrician: Elders need flu vaccine to avoid 'twindemic' that could break Malaysian healthcare system
Massive security phalanx aims to shield Biden inauguration from mob, 'lone wolf' threats
Washington braced for a tense inauguration of President-elect Joe Biden on Wednesday, amid overwhelming security measures including over 25,000 National Guard troops and a shuttered National Mall devoid of spectators to the quadrennial ritual. Security analysts said the unprecedented precautions would protect Biden's 12:00 noon EST (1700 GMT) oath of office from a major planned assault, like the mob that attacked the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, leaving five people dead. Few signs of an organized plot to disrupt the inauguration have emerged, security experts say, but the threat of "lone wolf" attacks, or violence carried out by radicalized individuals, was still still a concern, particularly at state capitals.
President Donald Trump, in one of his final acts of office, released current and former members of his administration from the terms of their ethics pledge, which included a five-year ban on lobbying their former agencies. The ethics pledge was outlined in one of Trump's first executive orders, signed on Jan. 28, 2017, as part of his campaign pledge to "drain the swamp." Trump signed the one-page revocation of the order on Tuesday, and it was released by the White House shortly after 1 a.m. Wednesday, hours before his term ends.
Factbox: Biden plans to reverse Trump policies during first days in office
U.S. President-elect Joe Biden plans to sign dozens of executive orders and send sweeping bills to Congress in his first days in office, aiming to roll back some of Donald Trump's signature policies on immigration and climate change while ramping up the government's coronavirus crisis response. Here is a list of what to expect, according to interviews with Biden's advisers, a review of campaign promises and a memo detailing Day One executive actions released by the incoming administration on Wednesday. * Seek a $1.9 trillion spending proposal aimed at accelerating the distribution of coronavirus vaccines while providing economic relief to millions of Americans hurt by the pandemic.
Pfizer vaccine appears effective against coronavirus variant found in Britain - study
The COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech is likely to protect against a more infectious variant of the virus, which was discovered in Britain and has spread around the world, according to results of further lab tests released on Wednesday. Last week, Pfizer said a similar laboratory study showed the vaccine was effective against one key mutation, called N501Y, found in both of the highly transmissible new variants spreading in Britain and South Africa. The latest study, which has not yet been peer reviewed, was conducted on 10 mutations, which are characteristic of the variant known as B117 identified in Britain.
Deepen U.S. ties by protecting British values, ex-PM May urges Johnson
Former prime minister Theresa May, urged her successor Boris Johnson to protect Britain's values to help strengthen ties with the new U.S. administration, saying his threat to break international law did nothing to raise "our credibility". May, who said she "never knew what to expect" from U.S. President Donald Trump, described the inauguration of Joe Biden in an article in the Daily Mail newspaper as a chance for both countries to better promote democratic values. Britain's former leader prompted criticism from some opposition lawmakers for being too close to Trump after he held her hand during a visit to Washington.
Kremlin says would welcome Biden's efforts to extend New START arms control treaty
The Kremlin said on Wednesday it remained committed to extending the New START nuclear arms control treaty with the United States and would welcome efforts promised by the administration of U.S. President-elect Joe Biden to reach agreement. The New START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) accord, which was signed in 2010 and expires in February, limits the numbers of strategic nuclear warheads, missiles and bombers that Russia and the United States can deploy.
Factbox: Here's how Biden plans to roll back Trump's immigration policies
Biden plans to immediately propose an immigration bill, officials told reporters on Tuesday. The proposal will also offer permanent protection for young migrants in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, known as "Dreamers." Started by former President Barack Obama, the program provides deportation protection and other benefits to approximately 645,000 people.
Italian Premier Giuseppe Conte worked to solidify his majority in parliament Wednesday after narrowly winning a Senate confidence vote after a junior coalition ally yanked his support over Conte's handling of the coronavirus pandemic. Conte was expected to brief President Sergio Mattarella on his prospects to keep governing, though the timing was uncertain. With a reduced majority, Conte will have to cobble together support from outside the current coalition to pass legislation, including aid to help Italy's pandemic-battered economy.
President-elect Joe Biden will order U.S. agencies on Wednesday to revisit fuel efficiency standards as well as rules governing emissions from airplanes, and appliance and building energy efficiency standards, the transition team said. The Trump administration in March finalized a rollback of U.S. Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards to require 1.5% annual increases in efficiency through 2026, well below the 5% yearly boosts in Obama administration rules it discarded. The Trump administration said the rollback would result in about 2 billion additional barrels of oil being consumed over and at least 867 million metric tons of carbon dioxide being emitted over the life of the vehicles.
Democrat Joe Biden will be sworn in as the 46th president of the United States on Wednesday, assuming the helm of a country beset by deep political divides and battered by a raging coronavirus pandemic. Biden, 78, will become the oldest U.S. president in history at a scaled-back ceremony in Washington that has been largely stripped of its usual pomp and circumstance, due both to the coronavirus as well as security concerns following the Jan. 6 assault on the U.S. Capitol by supporters of outgoing President Donald Trump. With only a small number of attendees present, the Democrat will take the oath of office before U.S. Chief Justice John Roberts just after noon (1700 GMT), placing his hand on an heirloom Bible that has been in the Biden family for more than a century.
Coconuts KL
Tracking #KlusterMenteri: Here are the Malaysian ministers who had COVID-19
Political power got nothing on the coronavirus. This article, Tracking #KlusterMenteri: Here are the Malaysian ministers who had COVID-19, originally appeared on Coconuts, Asia's leading alternative media company.
But we don't think it will be in stock for long.
Within hours of being sworn in as president on Wednesday, Joe Biden will announce an immigration bill that would open a path to citizenship for millions of immigrants in the country unlawfully, a sharp contrast to the policies of outgoing Republican President Donald Trump. Biden, a Democrat, will also sign 15 executive actions on Wednesday, spokeswoman Jen Psaki said. At least six of those will deal with immigration, according to a memo, making it a major focus of Biden's first day in office.
With hours left in Donald Trump's presidency, China's foreign ministry took aim at its chief U.S. antagonist, "lying and cheating" Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, and said it would seek cooperation with the incoming administration of Joe Biden. Pompeo, who has unleashed a barrage of measures against China in his final weeks in office, delivered his own parting shot on Tuesday when he announced that the Trump administration had determined that China has committed "genocide and crimes against humanity" by repressing Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang.
Band will play 'You Get What You Give' for first time in 22 years
Biden to sign 15 actions to address U.S. 'crises' after taking office on Wednesday
Joe Biden will sign 15 executive actions after he is sworn in as U.S. president on Wednesday, aides said, undoing policies put in place by outgoing President Donald Trump and making his first moves on the pandemic and climate change. To address the "crises" of the pandemic, the economy, climate change and racial inequity, Biden will sign the executive orders and memorandums in the Oval Office in the afternoon, and ask agencies to take steps in two additional areas, said incoming Press Secretary Jen Psaki. Biden will also begin the process of re-entering the Paris climate accord and issue a sweeping order tackling climate change, including revoking the presidential permit granted to the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline.
Firefighters Contain Ledge Fire in San Marcos
Firefighters in California continued to battle multiple fires on January 19, as high winds fanned flames across the state.This footage shows a helicopter fighting the Ledge Fire in San Marcos, San Diego County, on Tuesday.The spread of this fire had been contained by the response, Cal Fire said. Credit: Cal Fire San Diego via Storyful
Jeremy Renner at home, everyone.
China dismisses Pompeo Uighur genocide claim as 'outrageous lies'
China on Wednesday dismissed Washington's allegation that Beijing was committing genocide against Uighurs and other minorities as "outrageous lies" and "poison" in a rancourous epilogue to a combative period in relations between the superpowers.
Britain said on Wednesday it was helping Kenya prepare to roll out the COVID-19 vaccine developed by Astrazeneca and Oxford University, as African nations race to ensure their populations are inoculated. The East African nation has ordered 24 million doses of the vaccine and it expects delivery of the shots to start in the second week of February. "It is for us not just our moral duty, but in the British national interest to see Kenyans vaccinated just as soon as we physically, logistically can," British foreign minister Dominic Raab told a news conference during a visit to Nairobi.


text:
using Model.Entities.JobMine;

namespace Data.Contract.JseDb.Interface
{
    public interface ILevelsRepo : IBaseRepository<Levels>
    {
        Levels GetByJobId(int jobId);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The opulence exuded by this flawlessly crafted three stone ring entices your gaze instantly. The 14k white gold metal perfectly complements the luster of lab grown diamonds that are partially encrusted on the split shank. They all lead your vision to the three gorgeous lab grown diamonds, prong set in the center and symbolizing the past, present and future. The bezel set diamond on the gallery, along with the filigree detailing further uplift the charm of this gorgeous ring.
For those who prefer timeless style, there's never a dearth of classic jewelry. Many collections of this particular style have been influenced by pivotal fashion eras, such as the Art Noveau jewelry of the early 1890's and the Edwardian jewelry of the 1900's. Classic jewelry usually features a variety of designs, including elegant and intricate ones. The enduring quality and the hint of prestige that radiates from this jewelry style is hard to miss. If youre a lover of all things classic, this product will be the perfect addition to your jewelry box.


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text:
Artaxerxés II. Mnémon (řecky , staropersky Artachšaçá [  ]; cca 430–359 př. n. l.) byl devátý perský velkokrál z rodu Achaimenovců, dynastie vládnoucí Přednímu východu od 6. století př. n. l. Artaxerxovo rodné jméno znělo podle některých pramenů Arsikás.

Vláda
Na trůn Artaxerxés dosedl po smrti svého otce Dareia II. v roce 404 př. n. l. a téměř od počátku byl konfrontován s vážnými vnitropolitickými problémy. Jeho mladší bratr Kýros se nechtěl spokojit s hodností satrapy Lýdie, Frýgie a Kappadokie, kterou získal na přímluvu královny matky Parysatidy, a s pomocí řeckých žoldnéřů se pokoušel uchvátit vládu v říši. Jen šťastná náhoda – Kýrova smrt v bitvě u Kunax 3. října 401 – zbavila Artaxerxa II. vážného nebezpečí. Návrat řeckých žoldnéřů do vlasti, provázený mnoha útrapami, popsal ve svém spise Anabáze řecký historik a básník Xenofón (kol. 430–355 př. n. l.), očitý svědek událostí.

Za Artaxerxa II. si samostatnost na říši opětovně vydobyl Egypt, v němž nepokoje probíhaly již od sklonku vlády Dareia II. Díky obratné politice faraonů 28. – 30. dynastie si odbojná provincie dokázala uchovat nezávislost plných šedesát let. Úspěšnější byla Artaxerxova politika ve vztahu k Řekům, kde se mu podařilo prosadit mír mezi jednotlivými státy a nechat si navíc potvrdit svrchovanost nad Malou Asií. Podle něj se míru z let 387/386 někdy říká "královský".

Na sklonku vlády postihlo Artaxerxa II. několik osobních tragédií. Jeho syn Dareios proti němu zosnoval spiknutí, které však bylo odhaleno, a král musel dát prince popravit. Další syn Óchos pak nechal zabít další dva královské prince, Ariaspa a Arsama, v nichž viděl překážku na své cestě k moci. Když otec krátce nato zemřel, dosedl Óchos na perský trůn jako Artaxerxés III.

Náboženská a stavební činnost
Artaxerxova náboženská politika navazovala na tradiční perskou toleranci vůči cizím kultům, takže v této oblasti k žádným problémům nedocházelo. Zdá se, že sám král byl obzvláštním ctitelem bohyně Anáhity, neboť její uctívání tehdy zažívalo pravý rozkvět (výstavba nových a podpora starých svatyň). Také mithraismus dosáhl v íránských krajích (ale i jinde) značného rozšíření. Stavební práce probíhaly především v rezidenčních Súsách, kde vznikl druhý palácový komplex vedle Dareiova a několik monumentálních nápisů. Pohřbít se dal král na nově zřízeném pohřebišti v Persepoli (u úpatí Kúh-e Rahmát), nikoli v Nakš-e Rustamu. Jeho životopis napsal Plútarchos.

Hodnocení
V řeckých pramenech je Artaxerxés většinou popisován jako slabý a ovlivnitelný panovník, ale i jako velkorysý a mírný člověk. Vládl déle než všichni ostatní achaimenovští králové (45 let) a jako jeden z mála zemřel přirozenou smrtí. Fakt, že se udržel na trůnu tak dlouho, naznačuje, že musel disponovat pevnou mocenskou základnou.

Poznámky

Literatura

Související články
 Chronologie starověkých íránských dějin

Externí odkazy

  Artaxerxés II. v Encyclopaedia Iranica
  Plútarchův životopis Artaxerxa II.

Achaimenovci
Narození v 5. století př. n. l.
Úmrtí ve 4. století př. n. l.
Faraoni 27. dynastie
Muži

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


PYONGYANG (Reuters) - Cold War foes the United States and North Korea enjoyed a rare moment of harmony on Tuesday when the New York Philharmonic played an unprecedented concert in the hermit state.
An audience of North Korea's communist elite gave America's oldest orchestra a standing ovation after a rousing set that took in Dvorak, Gershwin and a Korean folk song. Some of the musicians were so overcome they left the stage in tears.
"Little did we know that we would be thrown into orbit by this stunning, stunning reaction," said Lorin Maazel, the Philharmonic's music director.
North Korea's solitary television station broadcast the concert live to a population taught during 60 years of animosity to view all things foreign with deep suspicion — especially from the United States, officially their darkest enemy.
"We Koreans fully appreciate the performance this evening by the New York Philharmonic, not just as an art performance, but as the good feelings of the ordinary citizens of the United States toward the Korean people," said Pak Chol, the North's counselor of the Korea-Asia Pacific Peace Committee.
The concert was born out of talks last year on ending the impoverished North's nuclear arms program in exchange for aid and the promise of opening doors to the outside world that have been shut due to its defiant behavior.
The Bush administration in public played down the significance of the concert and White House spokeswoman Dana Perino said any future cultural exchanges would depend on North Korea's cooperation on the nuclear issue.
But analysts say Washington sees the visit, the biggest by a U.S. group since the 1950-53 Korean War, as akin to cultural overtures it made to other Cold War foes decades ago and which eventually helped to ease tension.
More than 2,000 North Koreans attended the invitation-only concert, although leader Kim Jong-il was conspicuously absent.
The crowd, mostly middle-aged men in dark suits and red lapel badges with images of state founder Kim Il-sung, were the elite of the communist capital.
The country's embassy in London said on Tuesday it had also invited Eric Clapton to perform in Pyongyang.
North Korea concert brings NY violinist "home"
"We have recently sent a letter to Mr. Clapton's agent inviting him to Pyongyang for a concert. And I do think that if he plays a concert in Pyongyang it will be a good opportunity for the Korean people to understand Western music," an embassy spokesman said.
Such a concert would make the British 62-year-old Grammy-winning singer of "Layla" and "Cocaine" the first Western rock star to play Pyongyang. A spokeswoman for Clapton's record label, Warner Music, declined to comment. His agent was not immediately available for comment.
The New York Philharmonic orchestra opened its performance with both national anthems — North Korea's first.
"This is first time I have seen the American flag in North Korea," said one of the minders looking after the largest group of foreign journalists to visit the communist state.
The audience, more used to music that praises North Korea's political system and its leadership, listened with rapt attention to the more than 90-minute performance in the packed East Pyongyang Grand Theatre.
During the three-day visit, North Korea has opened its normally tightly shut doors to scores of foreign journalists, allowing them Internet access and international phone lines, unheard of in a country that imprisons people for unauthorized contact with the outside world.
Analysts said North Korea saw the arrival of the orchestra as a diplomatic coup.
Its propaganda machine will almost certainly spin the visit as a mission from the United States to pay tribute to Kim Jong-il, head of the world's first communist dynasty.
The two countries have no diplomatic ties, are technically still at war and have troops staring at each other across the heavily fortified border that has divided North and South Korea for more than half a century.
The music selection was steeped in irony.
Gershwin's "An American in Paris," about a foreigner discovering the "city of lights," was played in a country that does not produce enough electricity to light its homes at night.
Antonin Dvorak's Symphony No. 9 "From the New World," highlights an immigrant's discovery of America's music. The theme may resonate strangely in a country that forbids most of its citizens from leaving and reportedly executes many of those caught escaping.
Energy-starved North Korea lit the streets of Pyongyang for the motorcade of buses carrying some 350 people from the orchestra, its entourage and media covering the event.


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Security Vulnerabilities (CVSS score between 9 and 10)
CVSS Scores Greater Than: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Sort Results By : CVE Number Descending CVE Number Ascending CVSS Score Descending Number Of Exploits Descending
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Vulnerability Type(s)
Gained Access Level
Conf.
Integ.
5301	 CVE-2015-6016 255 2015-12-31 2016-12-07
None Remote Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
ZyXEL P-660HW-T1 2 devices with ZyNOS firmware 3.40(AXH.0), PMG5318-B20A devices with firmware 1.00AANC0b5, and NBG-418N devices have a default password of 1234 for the admin account, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative access via unspecified vectors.
5302	 CVE-2015-6015 Exec Code Overflow 2016-01-22 2017-09-09
Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 8.5.0, 8.5.1, and 8.5.2 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Outside In Filters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4808, CVE-2015-6013, CVE-2015-6014, and CVE-2016-0432. NOTE: the previous information is from the January 2016 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is a stack-based buffer overflow in Oracle Outside In 8.5.2 and earlier, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Paradox DB file.
Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 8.5.0, 8.5.1, and 8.5.2 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Outside In Filters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4808, CVE-2015-6013, CVE-2015-6015, and CVE-2016-0432. NOTE: the previous information is from the January 2016 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is a stack-based buffer overflow in Oracle Outside In 8.5.2 and earlier, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted DOC file.
Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 8.5.0, 8.5.1, and 8.5.2 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Outside In Filters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4808, CVE-2015-6014, CVE-2015-6015, and CVE-2016-0432. NOTE: the previous information is from the January 2016 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is a stack-based buffer overflow in Oracle Outside In 8.5.2 and earlier, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted WK4 file.
5305	 CVE-2015-6003 22 Dir. Trav. 2015-10-15 2016-12-07
None Remote Medium Not required Complete Complete Complete
Directory traversal vulnerability in QNAP QTS before 4.1.4 build 0910 and 4.2.x before 4.2.0 RC2 build 0910, when AFP is enabled, allows remote attackers to read or write to arbitrary files by leveraging access to an OS X (1) user or (2) guest account.
5306	 CVE-2015-5998 287 Exec Code 2015-09-14 2015-09-16
Impero Education Pro before 5105 relies on the -1|AUTHENTICATE\x02PASSWORD string for authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary programs via an encrypted command.
Mediabridge Medialink MWN-WAPR300N devices with firmware 5.07.50 and Tenda N3 Wireless N150 devices allow remote attackers to obtain administrative access via a certain admin substring in an HTTP Cookie header.
Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 rely on client-side JavaScript code for authorization, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative privileges via certain changes to LockStatus and Login_Success values.
The web management interface on Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 has a blank password, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative privileges by leveraging a LAN session.
5310	 CVE-2015-5958 78 Exec Code 2017-08-31 2017-09-06
phpFileManager 0.9.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted URL.
5311	 CVE-2015-5957 119 Overflow 2015-09-28 2018-10-30
Buffer overflow in the DumpSysVar function in var.c in Remind before 3.1.15 allows attackers to have unspecified impact via a long name.
Race condition in SuiteCRM before 7.2.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-5947.
5313	 CVE-2015-5922 2015-10-09 2019-04-23
Unspecified vulnerability in International Components for Unicode (ICU) before 53.1.0, as used in Apple OS X before 10.11 and watchOS before 2, has unknown impact and attack vectors.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in Twisted in Wiki Server in Apple OS X Server before 5.0.3 allow attackers to have an unknown impact via an XML document.
5315	 CVE-2015-5903 119 DoS Overflow +Priv Mem. Corr. 2015-09-18 2016-12-21
The kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5868 and CVE-2015-5896.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in SQLite before 3.8.10.2, as used in Apple iOS before 9, have unknown impact and attack vectors.
5317	 CVE-2015-5887 17 2015-10-09 2016-12-07
The TLS Handshake Protocol implementation in Secure Transport in Apple OS X before 10.11 accepts a Certificate Request message within a session in which no Server Key Exchange message has been sent, which allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via crafted TLS data.
5318	 CVE-2015-5876 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow Mem. Corr. 2015-09-18 2016-12-21
dyld in Dev Tools in Apple iOS before 9 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app.
IOHIDFamily in Apple iOS before 9 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app.
IOHIDFamily in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app.
IOKit in the kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5844 and CVE-2015-5845.
Admin Remote Medium Not required Complete Complete Complete
runner in Install.framework in the Install Framework Legacy component in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 does not properly drop privileges, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app.
IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3770.
The Safari Extensions implementation in Apple Safari before 9 does not require user confirmation before replacing an installed extension, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
libpthread in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via an app that uses a crafted syscall to interfere with locking.
Race condition in runner in Install.framework in the Install Framework Legacy component in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app that leverages incorrect privilege dropping associated with a locking error.
app/Controller/TemplatesController.php in Malware Information Sharing Platform (MISP) before 2.3.92 does not properly restrict filenames under the tmp/files/ directory, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
TYPE-MOON Fate/stay night, Fate/hollow ataraxia, Witch on the Holy Night, and Fate/stay night + hollow ataraxia set allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via crafted saved data.
5331	 CVE-2015-5589 20 DoS 2016-05-16 2017-11-03
The phar_convert_to_other function in ext/phar/phar_object.c in PHP before 5.4.43, 5.5.x before 5.5.27, and 5.6.x before 5.6.11 does not validate a file pointer before a close operation, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted TAR archive that is mishandled in a Phar::convertToData call.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5575, CVE-2015-5577, CVE-2015-5578, CVE-2015-5580, CVE-2015-5582, and CVE-2015-6677.
5333	 CVE-2015-5587 119 Exec Code Overflow 2015-09-22 2017-02-16
Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
5334	 CVE-2015-5586 Exec Code 2015-10-14 2016-12-07
Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6683, CVE-2015-6684, CVE-2015-6687, CVE-2015-6688, CVE-2015-6689, CVE-2015-6690, CVE-2015-6691, CVE-2015-7615, CVE-2015-7617, and CVE-2015-7621.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5570, CVE-2015-5574, CVE-2015-5581, and CVE-2015-6682.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (stack memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5567.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion."
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.252 and 19.x before 19.0.0.207 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.535 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.213, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.213, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.213 improperly implement the Flash broker API, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (vector-length corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5550, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5563, CVE-2015-5564, and CVE-2015-5565.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5550, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5563, and CVE-2015-5564.
Total number of vulnerabilities : 15724 Page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 (This Page)108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315


Contact Facebook Phone? contacts are of terrific significance given that the smart device is always your interaction hub. Along with everyone around you is using Facebook, Facebook contacts count on be necessary to you. Below comes the inquiry, how you can make Facebook contact sync? In this write-up, we will inform you the very best means to sync Facebook contacts on iPhone and Android phone.
If you are an apple iphone customer and also want to sync Facebook contacts to iPhone, you should pay more focus on this part. You can discover a basic way to make apple iphone contact sync. Additionally, you could discover 3 excellent applications in order to help you sync contacts from Facebook.
You can make use of iPhone Settings app to sync Facebook contacts with apple iphone. After visit to your Facebook account, you could obtain easily access to as well as integrate Facebook contacts and Calendars. Maintain reading the adhering to actions.
In this short article, we mostly speak about how you can sync Facebook contacts. Whether you are utilizing iPhone or Android phone, you could discover the ideal way or application to help you sync Facebook contacts to phone. Hope you could smoothly make the Facebook contact sync after reading this article.


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Iowa Man Saves Two From Burning Car Wreck on Interstate 80
Dwyer & Michaels Published: April 22, 2021
Runk Wood was on his way to work from Avoca, Iowa to Lincoln, Nebraska, when he became a hero to two people who are alive because he took the time to stop.
Runk spotted a burning car in the median of Interstate 80, and felt compelled to stop, because nobody else seemed to be.
"A lot of people were driving by. I didn't see a whole lot of brake lights, which kind of touches my heart, where we live in a society where you see a car burning in the median, you don't stop," Wood told KCCI.
"I could hear the girl screaming and nobody was getting near the car and it was just a reaction of I'm not going to stand here and listen to somebody burn up in the car so I just went for it."
He pulled the woman driving out of the car and kept pulling until she was about 20 feet away, but she was trying to tell him something. He said he couldn't make out what she was saying, but then she started pointing at the car.
There was another person in the car. He saved them as well.
"My hands are a little red. The right side of my face is a little tender from the heat, from the fire," Wood told the news outlet.
He's happy he was able to help, but doesn't like being called a hero.
"I don't want the hero title. I'm just a simple man that was headed to work and chose to stop and help somebody."
Read more at KCCI
Iowa's Second Oldest Bar


More depressing news on the state of personal liberty in the USA.
"Cruise passengers tell of seven-hour security 'revenge' nightmare".
Elderly passengers on board a luxury cruise have criticised US immigration officials after they endured a seven-hour security check.


In 2009 Martin with other co-designers won a invited competition to design a new extension and refurbish a local theatre, cinema and arts centre in Cockermouth. Martin became project manager/ lead consultant for a technically difficult project working with the clients steering group, acoustician's, specialist theatre consultants, structural and mechanical engineers. Martin managed the feasiblity , planning(with a specialist consultant) and public consultation process. The scheme involved the expansion of the centre (an ex Victorian school) to form new access, egress and cafe/bar and meeting rooms. The team decided to use very contemporary materials to balance architecturally the new and old separating between the two with a glazed shaft. This lead to a robust dialogue locally and with the help of a planning specialist a successful planning appeal in 2013. Martin is grateful to have worked with such a talented set of co-designers and team members. The scheme below is the original planning application.


Rochester,MN (KROC AM News) - A Rochester woman says she was assaulted early Wednesday while walking in the downtown near St. John's Church.
The 28-year-old says she was walking in the 100 block of 4th Ave SW around 4:30 a.m. when she was jumped from behind and knocked to the ground by a strange man. She says the man tried pulling her pants down but she fought him until he stopped. The woman says the man was able to get her wallet and then ran off.
The woman describes the man as black, in his 40's, 6-2, thin and with a shaved head.
Police continue investigating the reported incident.


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A normally traffic-choked road in downtown Yangon is deserted during Friday's silent strike, in stark contrast to the tens of thousands of people (at right) who took to the streets in the area to voice opposition to the regime during an earlier protest.
By Naing Khit 10 December 2021
There is no person or thing with the power to silence an entire nation—or so we thought. In fact, in a true display of the power of the people, the citizens of Myanmar have shown they have this ability.
Today, Dec. 10, 2021, the whole country, from big cities like Yangon and Mandalay to small towns and villages in remote areas, was transformed into a "ghost" nation from the early morning hours.
Usually, Friday is one of the busiest days of the week for public offices, companies and banks.
But today was no ordinary Friday. Myanmar and its population of 55 million people went into a kind of political "hibernation" under their own roofs for almost the whole day. And their decision to do so was indeed political, because their sole objective was to demonstrate their rejection of military rule.
It has been truly amazing to witness the unity and strength shown by the Myanmar people in fighting against the military dictatorship in the face of the inhumane crackdowns imposed by coup maker Senior General Min Aung Hlaing's forces over the past 10 months.
Since the Feb. 1 coup, the people have demonstrated courage and creativity in countless acts of resistance against this ruthless regime. They have utilized the power of silence, the power of noise (by banging on pots and pans), the power of street protests, the power of mass movements, the power of civil disobedience and the power of guerilla warfare. Prior to these, they had already demonstrated the power of the vote a few months before the coup, when they had their last chance to cast ballots, in the general election of November 2020.
Their only motive in exercising these powers is to reject military rule and end the military's role in politics, which took root over the past five decades. They will continue to do so as long as the military exerts its illegitimate grip on power in defiance of the people's will.
All of the above-mentioned methods of resistance have been used by people from all walks of life and all generations.
But the ruling generals have their own, very different powers: the power to steal people's votes, the power to kill innocent citizens, the power to ram army trucks into peaceful protesters, the power to arrest people arbitrarily, the power that comes from lying, the power of the shameless, the power to turn a blind eye to all truths, the power of cunning, the power to defy the people's will and, in essence, the power of evil.
As military chief and coup leader, Min Aung Hlaing bears ultimate responsibility for all of these dark powers and all the cruelties they have wrought. He is the epitome of evil in its many forms; it is manifested in his regime, wherever his forces exercise their power in ruling the country.
But the power conveyed in today's "silent strike" must have sent a chill through Min Aung Hlaing and his generals, for all their ruthlessness.
This is an all-out battle between the power of the people and the power of evil. In other words, between right and wrong.
We'll see which power is greater in the end.
Naing Khit is a commentator on political affairs.
Topics: citizens, civil disobedience, Coup, Election, evil, Generals, guerrilla war, junta, mass movement, Military, Min Aung Hlaing, Myanmar, people power, Protest, regime, right, silent strike, wrong
Naing Khit The Irrawaddy


On the garden level is one double bed rooms with en-suite bath room and dressing. On the first floor is the master bed room with bathroom, dressing and a private terrace and another 2 double bed rooms, each with ensuite bath room and a shared terrace. On the downstairs' level is another double bed room with a small kitchen (for staff).
Outside you will find a separate apartment with a double bed, en-suite bath room and dressing. All the bed rooms have AC and television and 5 bed rooms have a private terrace or direct access to the garden.
In the beautiful landscaped garden you will find the swimming pool (heated) with sun beds, a Jacuzzi with bar and fridge, golf practice (with bunker) and a jeu-de-boules course.


This article is an extension of a presentation that occurred at the 2018 College Art Association, Visual Resources Association affiliate session in Los Angeles. The session was entitled, "Shifting Sands: New Trends in Visual Resource Services." It is a case study based upon the author's personal experience of twelve years working as the production editor for UC Irvine's Journal for Learning through the Arts. It is suggested that visual resources curators are well-positioned to support electronic publishing ventures. With the plethora of online tools supporting digital technology, there are opportunities for visual resources professionals to support more than the use of images at their institutions. Other examples of ways to expand a visual resources toolkit are provided that the author hopes professionals will find translatable to their situations.
Burns, Maureen (2018) "Translating Visual to Textual Resources: Editorial and Technological Support for Electronic Publishing," VRA Bulletin:Vol. 44: Iss. 2, Article 1.


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Суперкубок Англии по футболу 2004 () — 82-й розыгрыш английского трофея, который вручается победителю матча между чемпионом Премьер-лиги и обладателем Кубка Англии предыдущего сезона. Встреча состоялась 8 августа 2004 года на стадионе «Миллениум» в Кардиффе. В ней сыграли чемпион Премьер-лиги сезона 2003/04 лондонский «Арсенал» и обладатель Кубка Англии 2003/04 «Манчестер Юнайтед».

«Канониры» в этом матче одержали победу 3:1: сначала Жилберту Силва на 50-й минуте встрече вывел «Арсенал» вперёд, спустя пять минут нападающий манкунианцев Алан Смит уравнял счёт на табло, но буквально сразу же лондонцы вновь повели благодаря точному удару испанца Рейеса, а за 10 минут до окончания встречи защитник «красных дьяволов» Сильвестр, срезав мяч в собственные ворота, установил окончательный итог поединка.

Отчет о матче

Ссылки
 Отчёт о матче на сайте BBC Sport

2004
Футбол в Англии в сезоне 2004/2005
Суперкубок Англии 2004
Суперкубок Англии 2004
Спортивные соревнования в Кардиффе
События 8 августа
Август 2004 года


Have you ever seen a cinch bag stand up on its own? Neither had we. When our manager Sophon first created this bag for us to look at it 2001 we weren't too impressed. On another trip six months later, she was still wearing it and it was holding up beautifully, so we tried a few and they took off from there. Now we produce these in many exciting colors. In 2006, we added an entirely new ergonomic design for a better hip-ride as well as an adjustable strap. On top of all that, they have a removable base for ultimate portability. After admiring these details, look inside to see pastel fabrics and ample matching pockets.
Medium: 11" X 11" X 5"


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Ante Ružić – Baćo  (Split 1. srpnja 1882. – Split, 13. prosinca 1936.), splitski atlet,  trkač-maratonac, osobenjak i izdavač humorističkih listova među kojima se navode Kalamita, Kukumar, Lavandera, Luce Kusa, Marun, Palombaro, Rešeto, Rombizon, Šajeta, Škovacin, Šupljača, Zvončić, i drugi. Zbog nekih provokativnih natpisa u novinama jedno vrijeme proveo je i u zatvoru.

Ante Ružić rodio se u Gojsalića ulici kao sin težaka i crkvanjaka Marina koji je i pjevao u crkvi sv. Petra. Baćo se počeo isticati dugačkim trčanjima po splitskim ulicama koji su trajali satima, ili je trčao od Splita do Solina, Klisa, Sinja, Trogira, Dugog Rata i Omiša, te od Drniša i Knina.

S trčanjima je počeo 1905. godine kao dvadesetrogodišnjak, a redovito je trčao na proslavama Sudamije, a to je radio redovito do tridesetih godina 20.-tog stoljeća. Njegova najpoznatija trka zbila se 27. rujna 1908. godine kada je dionicu od Splita do Klisa pretrčao 15 minuta brže od 'Rere' o čemu je dobio potvrdu željezničke stanice Klis i načelnika Klisa, a za to je dobio i 200 kruna milodara ili nagrade. Dionicu od od Drniša do Knina pretrčao je za 1h i 30min, a od Drniša do Šibenika 2h i 10 min.

Umro je 13.12.1936. god. u svojoj bijednoj potleušici usred Geta, gdje su ga našli kako leži na podu, bez kreveta i pokrivača. Miljenko Smoje ovjekovječio je Antu Ružića u domaćoj seriji Velo misto kroz lik Baćo.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Dalmatinski Portal: Tko je bio Baćo iz Velog mista?
Video: Legendarna "Baćo" utrka u Vodicama: Rade Vučak vs Josip Zanze
Povijest Splita


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UPDATE(April 2014): Now when you set up DevStack, Tempest is automatically set up for you.
This quick start guide explains setting up Tempest with a DevStack environment for Grizzly release. Most of the information here is taken from here, the only difference being this blog post is more recent, and is based on Grizzly.
Assumptions made are that you understand: 1. What is a localrc file in DevStack. 2. What does ./stack.sh do in DevStack. 3. How to clone using git.
Tempest requires that the rate-limiting for DevStack is turned off. By default, it is turned on, so turn it off by adding this line to the localrc file.
If you have already created a DevStack environment, you will have to go through the labour of setting it all again by unstacking and restacking it with this parameter in localrc. Quick tip: If you already had a working DevStack in your computer, adding OFFLINE=True line in localrc will create the DevStack environment in your computer WITHOUT downloading all the OpenStack code all over again from the Github repos, but will build the environment from the existing code (thus saving you some Internet bandwidth and time).
Note the IP of the system where DevStack is running (The 'host IP' mentioned at the last of the output after running stack.sh).
The ID of the smallest image name is what we're interested in.


Join us at Pentagram Design in Austin for a kid friendly Animal themed launch party! Pentagram Austin designed Fords book and commissioned him to photograph a series of Dairy Cows that was the start of his animal project.
Tiny Tails to You, Austin's Traveling Petting Zoo will be there so bring the KIDS!
And since this is close to Halloween, why not make it an animal themed party - so come dressed as your favorite animal!


Men are so busy doing so many different things. No down time-every day, every week filled with stuff. What society and church so desperately need, though, are men who embrace all God created them to be: men who long to follow God without limits and meet the needs of those around them without hesitation. To get there we need what Pastor James MacDonald calls "radical surgery" - a deep, probing exploration and reparation of all that it means to be a man.
In his definitive, bold voice, MacDonald calls men to be watchful, firm in their faith, strong, and loving. This isn't a call for bravado and bluster. It's a call for men to mix tender and tough, to be humble, to follow Jesus. It is a call to be leaders, men of God, husbands who are present and caring and strong. It is straight talk-no posturing or posing or beating around the bush- inviting men to redemption and restoration in their manhood.


text:
Mondo Cane is a 2010 album by Mike Patton. Featuring a forty-member orchestra and fifteen-piece backing band, the album contains a series of cover versions of 1950s and 1960s Italian pop music. Patton conceived of the album while living in Bologna, and became attracted to music he heard on the radio featuring pop singers backed by orchestras.

Released on May 4, 2010, through Patton's record label Ipecac Recordings, Mondo Cane has been met with favorable responses from music critics. Reviewers have drawn comparisons to California, an earlier album by Patton's first group Mr. Bungle. Mondo Cane peaked at number 2 in the United States' Classical Albums chart, briefly charting in Switzerland and Finland as well.

Production

Gestation

Mondo Cane consists of Mike Patton's arrangements and performances of 1950s and 1960s Italian pop songs. Patton had heard these songs while living in Bologna; the singer had adopted the city as a second home after marrying Italian artist Titi Zuccatosta, and had become a fluent speaker of Italian. Patton began exploring Italian popular music; although initially wishing to listen to contemporary music, he found nothing that interested him. However, he became drawn to pop music from the 1950s and 1960s, intrigued by singers using orchestras for backing rather than pop bands. Having considered making an album covering these songs for some time, Patton initially believed he would approach the project with a small band, but was offered the chance to compose music for an orchestra. Patton then opted to use this opportunity to record Mondo Cane instead.

Patton had also been inspired by the music of Italian composer Ennio Morricone. Patton's record label Ipecac Recordings had previously released Crime and Dissonance, a two-disc retrospective of Morricone's work. The singer has described his admiration for Morricone's writing, feeling that the composer turned "what could be banal, surface-style pop into really deep, orchestrated, tense and compelling music". Several of the album's songs had been written by Morricone, including "Deep Down", written for the 1968 Mario Bava film Danger: Diabolik. Patton had been aware of the song for some time, having been a fan of the film and Morricone's score; however, the two musicians have not actually met or worked together before.

Recording

Mondo Cane was recorded with the backing of a forty-strong orchestra, a fifteen-piece band, and a choir. Recordings were made on a live tour, with the album's tracks assembled as composites from the first three dates of the Italian leg of the tour. Each song contains elements taken from different recordings, with Patton describing the process as "a giant Rubiks Cube ", noting that individual bars of one instrument's music might be lifted from one concert and layered with bars of another instrument's parts from another concert.

Stylistically, the album has been described by Allrovi's Jason Lymangrover as ranging "from Frank Sinatra pop to psychedelic garage rock"; while The Boston Globe James Reed has noted the "spare" sound of "Scalinatella" and the "furious and rocking" pace of "Urlo Negro". Although wanting to remain faithful to the original versions of the songs covered, Patton wished to avoid simply mimicking the original recordings, stating "this is a record of covers, and I believe firmly that you have to make them your own. There is a very fine line to tread. You have to treat a song with respect, yet twist it up, fuck it up and somehow make it a part of your own voice". When assembling the cut for "Deep Down", Patton was able to get in touch with the original vocalist, a woman named Christy, though mutual friend Daniele Luppi. However, she declined to take part in the project.

One song on the record, "Scalinatella", is sung in Neapolitan, rather than Italian, which required Patton to re-learn the correct inflections and pronunciations in that language. However, the conductor of the orchestra Patton used on tour was a native of Naples and would frequently correct the singer during rehearsal until he was able to perform it correctly. Describing this collaboration, Patton noted "I had a lot of great people around me. I wouldn't have been able to do any of this shit without them".

Track listing

Release and reception

Although initially intended for release in 2009, Mondo Cane was released on May 4, 2010 through Patton's record label, Ipecac Recordings. The album was released on both compact disc and vinyl record. The album's cover feature a die-cut design based on poster artwork created to advertise one of the early Mondo Cane concerts.

Mondo Cane has been met with generally favorable reviews. Review aggregation website Metacritic lists the album as having an average rating of 74 out of 100, based on seventeen reviews. Writing for Allrovi, Jason Lymangrover rated the album four stars out of five, calling it Patton's "most elaborate endeavor to date".  Lymangrover singled out "Deep Down" as a highlight, and felt that the covers were treated with due deference to the original recordings while still featuring Patton's idiosyncratic take on them. Philip Bloomfield of Drowned in Sound awarded Mondo Cane a score of seven out of ten, describing it as "yet more proof that his talent and his breadth are perhaps indeed 'senza fine'". Bloomfield compared the sound of the album to California, a 1999 release by Patton's first band Mr. Bungle; and also felt that although the album's covers were faithful to the original versions, they still showcased a degree of Patton's versatility. Slant Magazine Jesse Cataldo rated Mondo Cane three stars out of five, describing Patton as "less a musician than a kind of gonzo multi-specialty clearinghouse". Cataldo felt that album was "actually simpler and less interesting than it sounds", finding it to be well-made but slightly incohesive.

Chris Martins of The A.V. Club awarded the album a B+ rating, feeling that it "offers a new window into the obfuscated Patton oeuvre". Martins also compared the record to California and felt that it would be greatly enjoyed by fans of Patton's various side projects. Writing for The Boston Globe, James Reed described Mondo Cane as "offbeat for sure but not off-putting", adding that "language is no barrier with music this lovely". Sputnikmusic's Tyler Monro rated the album three-and-a-half out of five, feeling that it would be, in theory, a bad idea. However, Monro felt that, on listening to the album, it was "his best work in close to a decade", describing it as "a summer-time staple and a faithful reminder that Mike Patton can sing but sadly little else". Writing for PopMatters, John Garratt rated the album seven out of ten, writing "even if this album is a genre exercise, it's still a very fine one". Garrat felt that "Deep Down" was the album's best song, adding that it "feels like it was written just for Mike Patton to sing".

Chart performance

In the United States, Mondo Cane reached a peak position of #2 on the Billboard Classical Albums chart, spending forty-two weeks in the chart in total. The album also spent one week in the Independent Albums chart, at #41, and two weeks in the Top Heatseekers album chart, peaking at #7. Mondo Cane spent one week in the Swiss Music Charts, at #81, and one week in The Official Finnish Charts, at #44.

References

2010 albums
Covers albums
Ipecac Recordings albums
Mike Patton albums
Italian-language albums


text:
Q: Get attribute of JQuery ui.draggable I'm using JqueryUI for drag and drop on one of my pages and for some reason I can't seem to get an attribute of the ui.draggable object being passed into my droppable drop event.
ui.draggable.attr("src") and $(ui.draggable).attr("src") both return undefined, however if I type ui.draggable.html() I will get the html back.  Any ideas?

A: @Jon's answer is correct. The solution is just simply try attr method, without trying to  inspect the draggable element beforehand ( otherwise you will be puzzled).
given a html element declared as jQuery UI's 'draggable':

and given this 'div' as droppable:

And I got :
ui.draggable.title: undefined
ui.draggable.attr("title"): I am an image!
ui.draggable: [object Object]
  -> No Properties

A: I figured it out.  The solution is to call ui.draggable.find("img").attr("src"), I just assumed that the ui.draggable object was an image.

A: you can do this way, for example
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <title>New Web Project</title>

Box 1

Box 2

A: This answer is left for future users. just console log one by ui.draggable and expand it, then ui.draggable.context ...... so on. You will understand whatthe source name is.
console.log(ui.draggable.context.attributes.src.textContent)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


South African builder set to debut in the U.S.
South Africa-based boatbuilder AquaQuad is introducing its boats to the United States.
The company builds outboard-powered personal utility watercraft from 10 to 14 feet for recreational boating, fishing, watersport and commercial applications.
From August through November, AquaQuad will debut its U.S. entrance with a multistop tour along the East Coast, and through the Midwest and South to Florida, to show its boats to prospective dealers.
The trip culminates Nov. 6-9 at the Marine Dealer Conference & Expo in Orlando, Fla.
The company said it offers a comprehensive dealer program that includes a generous profit margin, low inventory requirement, dealer co-op fund and rebate system based on retail discounts and promotions.


text:
Opinion: D.A. Dumanis should drop the charges against Marquis Campbell
20-year-old shown in controversial arrest video is not a threat to public safety
Students protesting around the Starbucks at the student union holding signs about their concerns.
Andrew Dryer, Opinion Editor
by Andrew Dyer, Opinion Editor
Two videos of black men being gunned down by police have again galvanized the U.S. in a debate about what is or is not wrong with policing in the country. Police violence can be thought of as an open wound in the black community; before any healing begins, another video surfaces and reopens it.
Students found out on Sept. 15 that San Diego State is not untouched by this issue when Marquis Campbell was arrested by SDSU Police outside the Conrad Prebys Aztec Student Union Starbucks. The video spread rapidly and soon protesters from the Afrikan Student Union gathered at Manchester Hall, demanding a response from President Hirshman.
A second protest on Sept. 26 drew students and community activists who demanded charges be dropped against Campbell. Campbell, who is not a student, was charged with four misdemeanors: two charges of resisting an officer and two more serious, if not redundant, charges of resisting an executive officer.
Campbell is still in San Diego County Jail, his bail set at $20,000.
Protesters demanded on Monday these charges against Campbell be dropped. His grandmother addressed the crowd and said his arrest was reminiscent of the larger issues people of color have with law enforcement nationwide.
She might not be wrong.
Police departments were used as the enforcement arm of American white supremacy for decades. From slave patrols to Jim Crow, black resistance was often met with violence and death, either at the hands of or with the consent of law enforcement.
Things began to change with the emergence of television. Images of police viciously beating black protesters and turning fire hoses and dogs on them led to broader support of reform and, eventually, the civil and voting rights acts.
But legacies die hard.
Studies have shown American communities of color are policed differently than others. A Justice Department investigation of Ferguson, Missouri found the police department functioned as a revenue-generator, ticketing residents at high rates for minor violations. Broken-windows policing, a strategy in which officers strictly enforce minor offenses to prevent larger ones, targeted these communities and only fostered resentment. Stop-and-frisk, an unconstitutional practice that encourages racial profiling, has reemerged as a major issue in the current presidential race. Some communities have even criminalized sagging pants. Terrebonne Parish, Louisianna; Ocala, Florida and Timmonsville, South Carolina have banned the style.
This criminalization of blackness was explored extensively in Michelle Alexander's book, "The New Jim Crow," where she argues that mass incarceration and policing are nothing more than a form of racialized social control.
Demonstrations on the SDSU campus are about more than just one arrest, one person or one video. The arrest of Campbell takes on new urgency when considered in the context of the wider issues of policing. Individual officers are not entirely at fault. The climate within which they operate and the systems of control they enforce is.
Would there have been protests had Campbell been white? It is difficult to say. Perhaps not.
Would Campbell have had the police called on him if he had been white? Again, it is difficult to say. Perhaps not.
SDSU Police said they approached Campbell after receiving reports he had jumped a construction fence and was believed him to be intoxicated. However, Campbell has not been charged with either offense.
Civil rights activist DeRay Mckesson was concerned but unfazed upon viewing Campbell's arrest video.
Civil rights activist DeRay Mckesson discusses issues of police violence with Voice of San Diego CEO and Editor-in-Chief Scott Lewis.
"It is a disappointment those officers are still employed by the university," Mckesson said after being shown the video during a Q&A session with SDSU JMS students Saturday.
All of Campbell's current charges stem from his reaction to the officers' attempts to arrest him.
African-American students have the same right to feel protected on campus as everyone else, and the actions of the SDSU Police only reinforce the negative reputation they already have with many people of color.
It is difficult to find justification in Campbell's prosecution. If the District Attorney's office does not have a case for the crime that allegedly led to Campbell's arrest, whose interests are served by furthering his ordeal?
The disruption and pain his arrest has caused on campus is the far greater crime.
District Attorney Bonnie Dumanis should act in the public good. In this case, the greater public good is in dropping the charges against Marquis Campbell.
#BlackUnderAttackSDSU
#DeRayMckesson
Andrew Dyer
Marquis Campbell
Commenting on our site is a privilege. We want our readers to add their point of view to every story but ask that they keep their comments relevant to the topic at hand. We will remove comments and possibly ban users who do the following: (1) Use vulgar or racist language, (2) Threaten harm of any sort to staff, commenters or the subject of an article, and (3) Leave spam in their comment. If you have questions about these rules, please contact our Editor in Chief at: editor@thedailyaztec.com
Feagin's season-high scoring keeps Aztecs undefeated in win over Boise State
Four more fraternities placed on interim suspension following alcohol, hazing, health violations
Aztecs hold off Utah State, earn second Mountain West win
Insurance should cover art and music therapy
SDSU admissions must support its transfer students
Gift giving is a way to show loved ones you care
AB 5 hurts student journalists
Sharing your personal story with others can be healing and liberating
It's never too late to pick up a new hobby
Campus advertising program does not adequately prepare students for workforce, needs to change
Having a healthy relationship with food is essential
Let's support black-owned businesses this holiday season
Hands on projects can create valuable learning opportunities
What you wear is not a statement of consent


Peter Stevens Motorcycles Online is the best Australian online shop to find motorcycle eyewear including motorcycle goggle tear offs. We have quality stocks of stackable goggle tear offs on hand to help you see clearly at any trail or track.
Our motorbike goggle tear offs come from top brands, namely Oakley, Fox and Dragon. And all are laminated so you can stay focused and mud and dust don't go between the strips. Tearing off your "tear off" then is easier when riding especially in muddy terrain.
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And in case you ordered the wrong item size, just send it back to us and we'll replace it with the correct fitting product. *For full details, please see our returns and exchange policy.
Say no to blurry vision. Buy your motorcycle goggle tear offs now here at Peter Stevens Motorcycles Online.


text:
1 – 10 of 646
Optimal Fines in the Era of Whistleblowers. Should Price Fixers still Go to Prison?
Paolo Buccirossi and Giancarlo Spagnolo
The Political Economy of Antitrust
Effectiveness of Antitrust Sanctions on Modern International Cartels
John M. Connor
Content available
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0573-8555(282)000004
Publication date: 28 February 2022
Not as I Do: Hypocrisy Aversion and Optimal Punishment of Common Offenses
Gregory DeAngelo, Michael D. Makowsky and Bryan McCannon
Law enforcement agents enforce rules that they might transgress in their private lives. Building from a theory of "hypocrisy aversion" where agents incur psychological…
Law enforcement agents enforce rules that they might transgress in their private lives. Building from a theory of "hypocrisy aversion" where agents incur psychological costs from imposing a sanction on others for rules that they might break, the authors design a two-player game in which players are simultaneously placed in the roles of enforcer and potential transgressor. In this model, discretionary enforcement is endogenous to the size of the sanction. Conditional on rewards to enforcement and punishment that are both sufficiently small in the status quo, the authors demonstrate that price effects can be dominated by second-order hypocrisy effects, leading to rates of transgression that increase with larger sanctions. The authors test the model within a laboratory experiment where individuals can simultaneously gamble at the expense of a third party and punish those they observe gambling. Examining the comparable testable predictions of models of (i) selfish agents, (ii) pro-social agents, and (iii) pro-social agents who are averse to hypocrisy, the authors find evidence of hypocrisy aversion in the rates of gambling, sanctioning, and the changing composition of agent strategies. Our results suggest that increasing sanctions can backfire in the deterrence of common criminal and non-criminal offenses.
Experimental Law and Economics
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0193-230620220000021007
optimal deterrence
proscribed behavior
Cartel overcharges ☆
The author is Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. He is indebted to Professor Robert H. Lande, who worked with the author on earlier law review articles on cartel overcharges; he also was responsible for locating several overcharges from antitrust verdicts in U.S. courts and provided meticulous comments on this version.
Many jurisdictions fine illegal cartels using penalty guidelines that presume an arbitrary 10% overcharge. This article surveys more than 700 published economic studies…
Many jurisdictions fine illegal cartels using penalty guidelines that presume an arbitrary 10% overcharge. This article surveys more than 700 published economic studies and judicial decisions that contain 2,041 quantitative estimates of overcharges of hard-core cartels. The primary findings are: (1) the median average long-run overcharge for all types of cartels over all time periods is 23.0%; (2) the mean average is at least 49%; (3) overcharges reached their zenith in 1891–1945 and have trended downward ever since; (4) 6% of the cartel episodes are zero; (5) median overcharges of international-membership cartels are 38% higher than those of domestic cartels; (6) convicted cartels are on average 19% more effective at raising prices as unpunished cartels; (7) bid-rigging conduct displays 25% lower markups than price-fixing cartels; (8) contemporary cartels targeted by class actions have higher overcharges; and (9) when cartels operate at peak effectiveness, price changes are 60–80% higher than the whole episode. Historical penalty guidelines aimed at optimally deterring cartels are likely to be too low.
The Law and Economics of Class Actions
overcharge
Instruments for Cartel Deterrence, and Conflicts of Interests
Cécile Aubert
Publication date: 16 November 2010
The challenges of private antitrust enforcement in transition economies: The case of Brazil
James Kirkbride, Steve Letza and Dujuan Yuan
The purpose of this paper is to examine the practical and legal challenges and barriers to the development of a private action in antitrust controls and to project those…
The purpose of this paper is to examine the practical and legal challenges and barriers to the development of a private action in antitrust controls and to project those onto a consideration of the development of such rights of action through a case study of Brazil.
The paper provides a critical review of both the theoretical and practical barriers to the development of private rights of action, drawing upon the history of development in both the USA and in Europe and the regular considerations of policy and law making, through debate at the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development. This comparative and historical analysis is projected into models of design and delivery for consideration by law makers.
Despite the different legal traditions and policy considerations of the different jurisdictions, the fundamental design of a common action pan‐jurisdictions and outwith conflict of law principles might be possible. The paper proposes a design framework to facilitate and achieve this. The case‐study of Brazil presents an interesting and recent context, and illustration, of this process.
The paper provides an historical and comparative account of the development of private rights actions in this area and provides, to the law maker, a framework and set of legal principles and practical enforcement and design guidelines. This framework and its guidelines should assist those countries seeking to introduce such rights of action in the policy area of antitrust control.
The historical and comparative approach draws together in one paper a contemporary global position in this area of law development.
International Journal of Law and Management, vol. 52 no. 6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17542431011093144
The Economics of Punitive Damages: Post State Farm v. Campbell
Patrick A. Gaughan
Punitive damages is a controversial topic in the legal profession and in the field of economics. This chapter explores the economics of punitive damages as they relates to…
Punitive damages is a controversial topic in the legal profession and in the field of economics. This chapter explores the economics of punitive damages as they relates to corporate defendants. The economic difference between large corporations and other potential defendants, such as individuals or smaller closely held companies, causes the effects of a punitive award to be different. In some circumstances, these differences raise significant questions as to the appropriateness of punitive damages when imposed on large corporations.
Developments in Litigation Economics
Price-fixing Overcharges: Legal and Economic Evidence
This paper surveys published economic studies and judicial decisions that contain 1,040 quantitative estimates of overcharges of hard-core cartels. The primary finding is…
This paper surveys published economic studies and judicial decisions that contain 1,040 quantitative estimates of overcharges of hard-core cartels. The primary finding is that the median long-run overcharge for all types of cartels over all time periods is 25.0%:18.8% for domestic cartels and 31.0% for international cartels. Cartel overcharges are positively skewed, pushing the mean overcharge for all successful cartels to 43.4%. Convicted cartels are on average as equally effective at raising prices as unpunished cartels, but bid-rigging conduct does display somewhat lower mark-ups than price-fixing cartels. These findings suggest that optimal deterrence requires that monetary penalties ought to be increased.
Research in Law and Economics
Legal Standards and Incomplete Monitoring
David Hasen
Regulators can adjust penalties to compensate for incomplete monitoring of regulated parties that are subject to legal rules, but compensating penalty adjustments often…
EPUB (7 MB)
Regulators can adjust penalties to compensate for incomplete monitoring of regulated parties that are subject to legal rules, but compensating penalty adjustments often are unavailable when regulated parties are subject to legal standards. Incomplete monitoring consequently invites greater noncompliance under standards than under rules. This chapter develops a model that quantifies some of the specific tradeoffs that regulators face in designing standards regimes under incomplete monitoring. The model also considers the extent to which suboptimal compliance due to incomplete monitoring is likely to result in deadweight loss in different settings.
The Law and Economics of Privacy, Personal Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Incomplete Monitoring
deadweight loss
rules and standards
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text:
The Roewe i6 is a compact sedan produced by SAIC Motor under the Roewe brand, succeeding the Roewe 550. The Roewe ei6 is the hybrid version of the i6. The Roewe i6 was previewed by the Roewe Vision-R, that debuted during the 2015 Guangzhou Auto Show.

Roewe i6
The Roewe i6, codename IP31, was launched on the 2016 Guangzhou Auto Show in China, as Roewe's new C segment sedan, replacing the aging Roewe 550, and sharing the platform with the second generation MG 6 sedan. It is the first sedan model using the all new "Lv Dong" design philosophy, which means the fusion of oriental aesthetic culture and western design discipline.

The i6 is available with two engines: a 1.0 litre three cylinder producing , and the 1.5 litre turbo with .

Roewe ei6
The Roewe ei6, codename IP34, is the plug-in hybrid variant of the Roewe i6, and was also launched on the 2016 Guangzhou Auto Show in China. Same as the Roewe RX5 and eRX5, the main styling difference would be the grilles. The petrol version i6 would have a slightly smaller grille, while the hybrid ei6 would have a relatively larger one. The ei6 has  in total, using the 1.0 with an extra  electric motor.

Roewe i6 Max and Roewe ei6 Max
The Roewe i6 Max and Roewe ei6 Max are larger more premium versions of the i6 series products launched in 2020. The Roewe i6 MAX is  longer and  taller. It features a new family-style front fascia design elements and is adopted With the Ronglin wing grille, the updated design creates a stronger sense of design within the updated Roewe product line. The facelifted headlights are integrated with the grilles, which further enhances the front face visual width.

The Roewe i6 MAX is equipped with the 1.5 liter second-generation Blue Core 300TGI mid-cylinder direct-injection turbocharged engine by SAIC which meets the National VI emission standards. The engine produces a maximum power of  and a maximum torque of . The 7-speed automatic gearbox uses the world's first three-chamber independent lubrication technology.

The hybrid Roewe ei6 MAX is equipped with a 1.5 liter second-generation blue core 300TGI in-cylinder central direct injection turbocharged engine plus a 100 kW high-power motor and a 10-speed second-generation EDU intelligent electric drive transmission, the maximum torque is , and the battery has a  pure electric driving range. Fuel consumption is .

Rising Auto (Feifan, R) ER6

The ER6 is the first pure electric sedan from the Roewe brand with the newly introduced "R" emblem based on the i6. The Rising Auto ER6 was officially launched in Shanghai by SAIC in August 2020, it is offered in a total of three different trim levels with the official price ranging from 162,800 yuan to 200,800 yuan (~US$23,443 – 28,915) after subsidies.

Since the ER6 is based on the existing Roewe i6, the dimensions are similar, with the exact same width and wheelbase, the redesigned front and rear end styling led to a new length and height of  and  respectively.

The Rising Auto ER6 is powered by an electric motor, TZ204XS1152 produced by Huayu Automotive Electric System Co., Ltd., producing . The ER6 is equipped with a ternary lithium-ion battery pack and the energy consumption under NEDC operating conditions is 12.2 kWh/100km, with the NEDC cruising range reaching up to .

As of October 2021, SAIC announced Feifan (非凡) as the Chinese name of the "R" brand with the full name being Feifan Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. and separate the R brand products of SAIC to Feifan automobile. The R brand was originally set as a premium EV brand and was technically under Roewe, and the English name was officially called Rising Auto as of 2022. Starting from the announcement of the Rising Auto and Feifan Automobile name, the original R brand has become an independent company. The cars will still have the R brand logo. On 30 October, Rising Auto became an independent company parallel to IM Motors (another EV subbrand of SAIC).

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Cars introduced in 2016
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