to many parts of Europe and North Africa.
rate airline tickets. Seeing the potential he founded 'Mike Coles World-Wide Travel'.
who was then back in the UK.
telephone operation side of the business continuing to expand.
necessity and expense of having an ATOL licence was no longer necessary. But as per CAA regulations ATOL certificates are issued for bookings. Mike Coles Travel continue to be members of ABTA.
Although callers in person in recent years have decreased, booking by phone/e mail continue to be consistent. Regular and new enquiries being received from all over the UK and abroad. We are agents for many of the well known tour operators but our speciality is 'tailor made' holidays, flights and group bookings. Indeed, we are in one of the side streets of Exeter, but with our unique operation, and of course excellent communication, geographical situation is rather irrelevant.
Since the start of the business the company has been very fortunate in having excellent staff.
The company has always endeavoured to keep up to date with the latest technology and has been using computers since 1986 when we purchased some of the first Amstrad PCW's on the market.
With many years in the travel business, personal service and advice is a top selling point.
to sailing on the the world's biggest cruise ships and 5 star hotels, personal experiences certainly contributes to close a deal!
Started in 1986, a key person in establishing the business, with us for 5 years.
Then moved on to work for a Children's Charity Mission in Canada.
Started in 1987 with us for 8 years, went on to be a top sales person for AMEX TRAVEL.
Started in 1989 a great worker, moved on in the late nineties.
Started in 1991 in one word - a jewel! and continues to bring a sparkle to the office!... in 2018!
Started in 1999 ..excellent...with us for 9 years.
many ways, now a Dr in computer science. In 2018 still a great friend.
Never employed as such but since mid nineties - a friend who helped much with computers.
Mike's wife - Just about impossible to operate the business without her. A wonderful support.
Himself...well I am the privileged one...because without the support of many including those above - the thing wouldn't have happened!
Not forgetting a number of others who have been here as part time/work experience.
And by the way you probably will have noticed we don't do an 'all singing all dancing' website, we keep to basic information, just what is necessary and relevant. This is part of our ongoing ethos to keep our running costs low and at the same time offer what we hope is an excellent service. And...you will speak to a human being not a computer, we are here to help, advise and assist.
Just a very small part of the story!


Here's what's new in Saskatoon's real estate world.
258 homes were purchased in March that number 11% higher than in March 2018 when 233 homes were purchased. The average selling price was $316,445. that number 4% lower than March 2018 when the average was $328,208. The average price year to date is $319,158 4% lower than in 2018 when the average was $334,141. The average number of days to sell a property in March was 57 days, which is 7 days less than the 64 days in March of 2018. Unit sales year to date are 4% higher than 2018 while the number of units listed is down 4%. REALTORS® listed 702 residential properties in March that number 5% higher than the 668 listings in March last year. Year to date listing numbers are 1,736 listings, 4% lower than the 1,807 listed in 2018. A certain percentage of these listings were previously listed properties that failed to sell as a result of being overpriced, which were then relisted at a lower price in order to bring them closer to market value. Home buyers had 1,611 homes to select from at the end of the month which calculates out to be approximately 6.25 months of inventory. The sales to listing ratio for March at 37% was solidly in the home buyers favor. Residential sales activity in communities around Saskatoon was down from March 2018. 77 homes were purchased in March this year, down from the 85 being purchased in March 2018. The average selling price in March was 12% lower that it was in 2018 at $275,036. To the end of March 666 properties have been listed in these areas around Saskatoon, this number even with the 669 property listings in 2018. At the end of March 2019 there were 964 active listings in these areas around Saskatoon, 4% higher than March 2018. Year to date the total number of unit sales was virtually the same at 206 units in 2018 and 203 units in 2019. The average sale price of $282,531 was approximately 7% lower when compared to the same three month period last year – $302,618.
March witnessed an increase of of 25 home sales compared to March of 2018 in Saskatoon. The year to date unit sales are up 4% compared to last year. It is important to remember that these changes in pricing are an aggregate of the entire market and will vary based on area, type of home and availability of similar properties to the subject home. If you are curious what your home would be worth in today's market we should talk. Call me at 306-280-0989 and I'll provide you with an up to date market analysis you can take to the bank.


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text:
Celebrate Style
Candice Tells All
Go Ask Alice
The Fix is In
A Roof to Last a Lifetime
By Hawaii Renovation Posted in: Exterior • Roofing
RS Toyama Roofing
BY ROCHELLE SMOLINSKI
Since incorporating more than three decades ago, R.S. Toyama Roofing Service Inc. has been the go-to expert in the Islands when it comes to quality craftsmanship and competitive pricing.
Well-versed in working with shingles, slate, tile and tear offs, the company generally works on private residences, although it has been contracted to complete jobs as large as a Windward Mall in Kaneohe.
Currently, R.S. Toyama Roofing Service Inc. employs six skilled workers, who range from apprentices to seasoned roofers. Business has been stable, according to long-time owner Raymond Toyama, and the company receives most of its business prospects through word of mouth and referrals.
Humbled by the company's success, Toyama is no less fierce about his employees and the service he supplies to customers. He worked for his father-inlaw for 10 years, finished college and started the business with a steely determination to provide top-quality roof installation to clients.
"It is important to have people with a deep understanding of how roofing should be done to work on your roof, so that your roof will last its expected life," Toyama said.
The roofing company is dedicated to bringing customers quality product and superior craftsmanship with its manufacturer material warranty. The warranty comes standard with many qualified jobs, but R.S. Toyama Roofing Service also guarantees its work with a workmanship warranty. The contractor's workmanship warranty usually will get you seven years of durable roof life from licensed roofers. So, of course, the longer the warranty, the better the investment is for homeowners.
R.S. Toyama Roofing Service Inc. is located at 1321 Hart St. in Honolulu. For more information, call 847-6265.
contact // 847-6265
address // 1321 Hart St.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Not Footy Related
Current Disappearance of little William Tyrrell
Thread starter RustyHawk
Sorbet Bliss
Apologies if this article regarding the time line of Williams disappearance has already been shared on the thread (although I double checked, may have missed it)
HEADLINE; "William Tyrrell: Timeline of boy's disappearance in September 2014"
abc News.
(Originally published 2nd March 2015 and updated 13th June 2018)
William Tyrrell: Timeline of boy's disappearance in September 2014 - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
mobile.abc.net.au
Reactions: sprockets
Melsy
Club Legend
It appears that a couple of people in the circle of the crime had drug issues. I'm not sure what TJ's drug possession charge was. Some other domestic violence charges. It is a small town in regards drugs. Someone must know something.
Jones was convicted of five serious charges including drug charges
We're for Sydney | Daily Telegraph
All the latest news, views and campaigns for Sydney and NSW.
www.dailytelegraph.com.au
the repeated assault of women and children, intimidating police and drug offences.
I'm surprised that Williams bio grandmother was not granted carer status of the child, but there must be good reason she was overlooked. Probably not her, but William put at risk with other people?? What was that risk that Natalie was not afforded carer status??
Ironically GAPA came under the spotlight when one member came under suspicion. GAPA was soon distanced from the crime.
"You're wasting your time — he's dead."
"They're never going to find William — I just know in my heart he's dead."
William Tyrrell's nan: Stop searching, he's dead
WILLIAM Tyrrell's biological grandmother has hit out at investigators forensically searching scrubland for clues into his disappearance, saying: "You're wasting your time — he's dead."
www.perthnow.com.au
shellyg
Spec Moderator
Melsy said:
I'm surprised that Williams bio grandmother was not granted carer status of the child, but there must be good reason she was overlooked. Probably not her, but William put at risk with other people??
His biological grandmother would have been overwhelmed by the system, she doesn't have the ability to fight them when they're moving fast and she is a step removed. She can't read or write.
Generally we make the assumption most people have literacy.
Reactions: Sorbet Bliss
shellyg said:
If it were my grandchild, and police were looking. I would be pushing the police forwards in search of the perpetrator - not backwards.
She may have become quite bitter and they caught her on a bad day when she's trying to accept that her grandson probably isn't coming back. IMO what she's said isn't suspicious in the circumstances.
Bunk Moreland
Obviously had heard of the case but I'm new to any of the details. Working my way through the podcast now (the 10Daily one). Baffling case.
Staggeringly daring by whoever took him. My first thought was actually he was taken by an animal and dragged into the bushland. Just couldn't get my head around a person getting away with it.
Bunk Moreland said:
It happened at approximately 10.30am in the morning on a weekday when everyone was at work or school. The houses are large plots spaced out with the houses set back and lots of trees.
The house is on the peripheral of a country town adjacent to forest with loads of cover for someone to spy on the house. The street is a cul-de-sac, although there was at some point access for four wheel drives and motorbikes to the forest. There is also a cemetery behind the rear of the next door neighbour.
There is several exits with good cover which are excellent for an abduction.
Statistically the chances of someone being there at this point in time to actually abduct by off chance are diabolically low unless they are in a home service business or roaming the streets looking for white-goods in the area.
There is only about 5 houses for visitors to visit in this street.
At least one of the POIs has an association with the bios. Chances are, whitegoods people knew of William and his presence that day from Sydney.
These people, the POI's, white-good's people, moved from one town to this town. The other town had a corrections facility built along with associated infrastructure.
This was more than likely Williams last visit to this house. Foster grandpa had died and FGM, a high profile volunteer in the town was about to sell the house - if it wasn't already up for sale. (I do believe bios are in real estate business)
It was now or never.
I wonder if FACs explained the risks to this child to fosters as there is clear precedent that the child had been hidden for 3 months prior. Unlike many children given up for foster, this child had been removed by FACs.
It is very very clear bio did not want these children to be fostered out and instead put in as carer with bio grandma. GAPA - so to speak.
Foster parents were not to know a convicted pedophile drove the streets looking for whitegoods to salvage who had moved to this town with foster grandmas washing machine repair man.
*Not implying biological parents as they have been cleared of involvement by police.
It appears there were numerous people in this investigation that were carers for grandchildren. There was also the initial GAPA audit, later cleared but one member of GAPA was a person of interest.
A couple of the people in this case have drug dependence issues.
It would be interesting to see the timeline of when these people moved to this town and when foster grandma had taken up residence.
Jubelin has pleaded not guilty, said he didn't try to hide the fact he was recording conversations and did so under operational needs. Back in court end of September.
Top Tyrrell detective supporters gather as he pleads not guilty to illegal surveillance
Former NSW detective Gary Jubelin has denied allegations he illegally recorded conversations while searching for missing three-year-old William Tyrrell.
www.sbs.com.au
Reactions: sprockets and Sorbet Bliss
Must have missed this in early June. Among things found in the immediate bush through the search was a strawberry blonde hair, red fluff, a child's toy, mens underwear and marijuana.
One volunteer found blood near a road on the afternoon of the fifth day of searching. Another woman reported seeing a man in a white ute just watching for around fifteen minutes near the blood find. No idea whose blood it was or what tests might have revealed.
Another small brick house in the immediate surround was searched three times.
https://thenewdaily.com.au/news/national/2019/06/01/william-tyrrell-inquest-2/
Reactions: Sorbet Bliss and sprockets
BlueE
"Those (four recorded) conversations were with a person about the disappearance of William Tyrrell," the former detective said.
"I had a lawful right and an operational need to record those conversations."
"I have made no attempt to conceal the fact I recorded those conversations."
Makes no sense that he's been criminally charged. I hope some more information comes out when the Inquest resumes this month.
Willow weeps
BlueE said:
Someone's trying to shut him up but from what family members of other victims have said, he isa man who won't be stopped. I think he's innocent & tried his hardest with this case only to be cut out once he was getting too close
Reactions: BlueE
"Missing boy William Tyrrell had been "handpicked" to be shuffled off for adoption and had a doomed life even before he was abducted, a child welfare advocate claims.
William, who would just have turned eight years old if he is still alive, was "earmarked" for fostering and eventual adoption, child protection activist Allanna Smith said.
The subject of Australia's most high profile missing child case, William Tyrrell is due to be examined next week when the inquest into his disappearance resumes.
Ms Smith is responsible for William's status as a foster child being revealed, after the state government tried to restrain her disclosure on social media that William was a ward of the state when he vanished. ..."
William Tyrrell's doomed life
Missing boy William Tyrrell had been "handpicked" to be shuffled off for adoption and had a doomed life even before he was abducted, a child welfare advocate claims.
www.news.com.au
Reactions: Sorbet Bliss and shellyg
sprockets said:
Words that jump out. Handpicked, earmarked and this from the article "The removal was systematically calculated. The plans to adopt without consent or knowledge ... was by all means heading down the path of a forced adoption."
Reactions: Sorbet Bliss, TheWoodenSlug and sprockets
If you look at it that way it's like they're alluding to something, planning by someone who had some control. But pushing their (likely) BS aside, what it means is his parents weren't fit to be parents. Instead of the birth father blaming everyone else he needs to start with himself, clean himself up and start again. If anyone let this poor boy down it was the birth parents.
From the inquest.
Bones, speargun found in Tyrrell search
Police on a second search for William Tyrrell last year found bones, a speargun, shovels, toys and backpacks, all items possibly "connected with a small child and the disposal of a body".
Reactions: Sorbet Bliss and Willow weeps
Terrifying for parents.
Citing statistics about missing children worldwide, Mr Cradock said 97 per cent of the perpetrators of child abduction murders were "family members of acquaintances".
"(But) there are very few family members who had access to William on … 12 September 2014," he said.
Reactions: sprockets and GreyCrow
NoCookies | The Australian
www.theaustralian.com.au
Caught up with the last two episode of this.
Foster Mum's telling porky pies. It's not hard to remember the truth, but when telling lies sometimes you forget what you've said initially.
In a sworn police statement she described two cars she says were suspiciously parked on Benaroon Drive when she opened the curtains at 7.30 am. There was a white station wagon parked in front of a grey sedan, very close to each other.
However is a sworn statement to the recent inquest she says the white station wagon was parked behind the grey sedan. (Think this is stated after 12 min in Ep 4)
From reports of the inquest she said the memories of the two parked cars and another dirty car driven by a large man with a gut (goes into much more detail which has been reported) in it who was staring at her and her daughter on the driveway of the house near the road, only came to her a week after William was abducted. She said her daughter asked her who was that in the car, and she said she didn't know?
Yet a short time later when asked a direct question if there were any suspicious cars in the area you forget this?
The podcast says it came to her a few days or three days after, so I'm curious which is correct?
Podcast also plays part of her emergency call when the operator asked her directly if there were any suspicious cars in the area. She says "No" about 5 times.
Podcast asks a memory specialist if remembering something a few days after an event is common. She says can happen but not in criminal cases. It's not made clear, but it doesn't sound like the "expert" has heard the emergency call from the foster mother.
Doesn't anyone else think she's lying about seeing the parked cars and later the suspicious man driving past when she was on the driveway with her daughter?
Reactions: DropBearess
The timeline of what happened when that morning will be interesting to follow at the inquest.
The podcast also made it clear that the photo of William on the deck with his sister was taken at 9.37 am. I mistakenly thought we were told this photo was taken around 10.30 am just before William disappeared. His grandma's feet sitting on a chair near the house and his sister can be seen. Foster mum said she took the photo and it looks like she's crouching down infront of William to take it (I think you can see her in the eye reflection on the right looking at him).
So is he looking up at someone? Could be the father before he left? Foster mum's brother made a surprise visit? Anyway it gives a longer timeline that William could have been missing for.
Foster mum called Spedo the washing machine repair man at 9.03 am and said she left a message. It had been only two days since he'd visited to inspect the broken washing machine and order the part which hadn't arrived. He was in Laverton having a coffee with his wife before going to grand kids school assembly. They have a receipt from the coffee shop for 10.00 am.
Reactions: Willow weeps
petedavo
This reporter is live tweeting from the inquest at the moment
Lia Harris (@LiaJHarris) | Twitter
The latest Tweets from Lia Harris (@LiaJHarris). Journalist, 10 News Sydney: liharris@networkten.com.au. Producer and presenter of the Where's William Tyrrell? podcast. Available now on Apple and Spotify. Sydney
Sent from my HTC 2PQ910 using Tapatalk
Reactions: BlueE, shellyg and sprockets
petedavo said:
Some very interesting evidence being given, although some of it's 'hearsay'.
Just going through her feed and am quite shocked at how many seedy characters there are around this case, it's horrible.
I can't tell so wouldn't like to call her a liar, it's possible she didn't remember the cars until three days later. She might have seen them hours earlier before he disappeared and when she told the operator there were no suspicious cars in the area, there wasn't in the frame she was in. No squealing tyres, no slamming doors, no cars from the last time she saw William to the time he vanished.
Something similar happened with me, I saw something that was a bit off and had me momentarily in fight/flight before a girl was murdered. It was just a flash, happened very fast. I didn't remember all the details until two or three days after I heard she'd been killed and it came back like a WHOOSH and I could see detail, I remembered.
Reactions: metic
Raelene Eaton & Yvonne Waters - 1974 Perth disappearance of teenage cousins
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I really wanted to start my first post of 2013 off with a very sizzling BANG!!! I've mentioned on here before my many fashion inspirations and one of them happens to be Jameela Jamil. Last week I thought I'd take a chance and be a little cheeky and ask her how I could go about getting her to answer a few questions for my blog, the next thing I know she had given me sometime to ask away some questions. I didn't want to push my luck so I only asked her five questions. I'd just like to quickly say ALWAYS be prepared with questions to ask someone you admire for your blog as you never know, you might be lucky enough to get that opportunity and you really don't want to be stuck for questions to ask. I asked her 5 fashion related questions and I really loved the answers she gave back. I even learnt things I didn't know about her before.
1.) What was your favourite fashion trend of 2012?
studded leather skirt to LFW in February.
2.) What trend do you think we should look out for in 2013?
Brights. Yellow and orange are to continue to reign supreme. Fashion has become bolder and ballsier and it's important to have a pulse.
3.) What's your favourite statement piece to wear?
My statement pieces are good hats and statement bags. I love a fedora and wear them so frequently, I think people think i'm bald underneath!
4.) What made you so interested in fashion?
I've been painting and taking photographs since I was 12. I love art, and fashion is basically a beautiful dynamic artform you can wear.
5.) Finally, who is your fashion inspiration?
My fashion inspiration designer wise, would be a tie between Dolce and Gabbana, William Tempest and Marchesa. They design to respect the curves of a woman's body. I always say, a woman's body is like a racetrack, you must be mindful of the curves and the bends. They are romantic designers that cater to strong but feminine women. I love them all. Fashion icon-wise. I think Kate Bosworth never gets it wrong without ever being dull. The same can be said for Olivia Palermo.
Lovely post, I'm so happy for you that she agreed to answer the questions for your blog! Happy new year!
Thank you so much Leah, it made me seriously so happy when she agreed! :') Happy new year beaut!
Thank you lovely! :D I just tweeted her!
Thank you very much beaut! Happy new year!
Thank you Georgia! :) You never know, anything could happen! :D happy new year to you too lovely!
Amazing! I love her and I am glad you got to interview her.
Oh, I'm so jealous you got to interview Jameela! She's one of my style icons. She seems so lovely!
Anyway I hope you have a lovely new year.
She's such a great style icon, isn't she! :D thank you lovely & a happy new year to you, wishing you all the best!
How did you get the opportunity to do this!?
Wow how amazing! She's such a beauty and a real fashion inspiration. Good questions!
Wow, you are so lucky! I love that quote about being mindful of the bends and curves of a woman's body. Jameela's tweets always make me chuckle.
Thank you Allie! :D her tweets are just so funny and hilarious. I'll have to check out that video now.
congrats on getting an interview with jameela! i've not met her in person, but i have felt that she was a lovely person, and would make time to anser a few Qs! hope you run into more friendly celebs!
Thanks so much lovely! :) she is definitely how you've described her, haha!


text:
November readings
December 6, 2019 March 6, 2020
A protest in Hong Kong, November 2019.Dale De La Rey / AFP, via Haaretz
Once a month, we put together a list of stories we've been reading: things you might've missed or crucial conversations going on around the web. We focus on environmental and social justice, cities, science fiction, current events, and political theory.
We try to include articles that have been published recently but will last, that are relatively light and inspiring, and are from corners of the web that don't always get the light of day. This will also be a space to keep you up to date with news about what's happening at Uneven Earth.
Welcome to the last newsletter of the decade! That's right, we're taking a break in December, to recalibrate and recharge. We've been running our monthly reading list for almost two years now, and nearly 1,000 of you seem to find it useful, so we're excited to continue providing you with news and analysis in 2020. See you next year!
Uneven Earth updates
The technical assistant | Link | It had been a long time since human hands had touched grain bins
Trade governance will make or break the Green New Deal | Link | How the GND could, should, must redefine "protectionism" and transform international trade
Rethinking education for the Green New Deal | Link | Governance for an eco-centered curriculum—or not?
Down Maria | Link | There was only one prisoner left, and he would not live forever
Top 5 articles to read
Extraction Rebellion. A Green Zone of hope.
Land reform and the Green New Deal
Climate change's great lithium problem
A Green New Deal between whom and for what?
Indonesia deforestation: The world's demand for palm oil is igniting a climate bomb
News you might've missed
Climate crisis: 11,000 scientists warn of 'untold suffering'
New land height metric raises sea level rise risk
Heat waves and floods shattered records. Fires ravaged the Arctic and the Amazon. This was the climate crisis in 2019.
Earth nears irreversible tipping points
Coal knew, too. A newly unearthed journal from 1966 shows the coal industry, like the oil industry, was long aware of the threat of climate change. And new paper reveals rail industry was leader in climate denial efforts.
Indigenous people blocked Ecuador oil auction in growing fight to save Amazon
WA Indigenous group's $290 billion compensation claim could become one of world's biggest payouts
Fearing eviction, thousands of forest dwellers protest in India
More than 1,700 activists have been killed this century defending the environment
Indigenous people pay a high price for protecting the planet
A gathering of guardians: Indigenous monitors convene for historic knowledge exchange
Farmer depression deepens as climate warms
Climate change poses threat to children's health worldwide
Psychologists from 40 countries pledged to use their jobs to address climate change
Worldwide uprisings
Welcome to the global rebellion against neoliberalism. As distinct as the protests seem, the uprisings rocking Bolivia, Lebanon, and scores of other countries all share a common theme.
From Iran to Hong Kong, the world is becoming ungovernable
This wave of global protest is being led by the children of the financial crash
Hong Kong Protests: Inside the chaos
Hong Kong's fight for life
'I went from chilled out Hong Kong student to battle-hardened protester contemplating suicide'
The Left's role in the Hong Kong uprising
"Rifles, machine guns, El Alto will not fall!" Dual Power in Bolivia
The world upside down in Bolivia
Western media whitewash Bolivia's far-right coup
What the coup against Evo Morales means to Indigenous people like me
Thea Riofrancos on Twitter: "Was the coup in Bolivia a "lithium coup"?
Kristallnacht in Bolivia
Debt and neoliberalism: The global roots of Chile's crisis
A few tips on how to understand Latin American coups
More than just a "Spring": the Arab region's long-term revolution
Lebanon's revolution spawns 'direct democracy' with citizen assemblies and people's parliaments
A new politics is rising in Lebanon
In Lebanon, a woman's place is leading the revolution
Iraq is healing: The October revolution, systemic change and intergenerational trauma
Women take to the streets in Iraq
Now is the time to rise up for Rojava
Eyewitnesses to the Rojava revolution: hevaltî and dignity
Indonesia protests: Land bill at center of unrest
Thousands of Romanians protest against illegal logging, attacks on forest workers
Czechs say billionaire leader must resign in mass protests
Why aren't people in the US rising up like those elsewhere in the world?
Just think about it…
Why are rich people so mean? Call it Rich Asshole Syndrome—the tendency to distance yourself from people with whom you have a large wealth differential.
Why we are all losing sleep. With longer work hours, the rise of the gig economy and smartphone apps competing for our every waking moment, sleep has become the final frontier of consumer capitalism.
To have or not to have children in the age of climate change
Robin Wall Kimmerer on the intelligence in all kinds of life
'Every plant and animal is useful to us': Indigenous professor re-thinking how we deal with invasive species
After climate change apocalypse, kindness will be most important survival skill
Imagination is such an ancient ability it might precede language
Plastic has a big carbon footprint — but that isn't the whole story
The first map of America's food supply chain is mind-boggling
Smartphones are killing the planet faster than anyone expected
Pointless emails: they're not just irritating – they have a massive carbon footprint
Myths of the circular economy
Where we're at: analysis
It's time to retire metrics like GDP. They don't measure everything that matters
Against economics. "Any new, viable science will either have to draw on the accumulated knowledge of feminism, behavioral economics, psychology, and even anthropology to come up with theories based on how people actually behave, or once again embrace the notion of emergent levels of complexity—or, most likely, both."
It's not thanks to capitalism that we're living longer, but progressive politics
The hidden cost of gold: Birth defects and brain damage
The Native American women who fought mass sterilization
What the West doesn't get about the climate crisis
It bears repeating: Renewables alone won't end the climate crisis
The climate case for working less
How mindfulness privatised a social problem
The time has come to take the self out of self-care
Emergenciocracy: why demanding the "climate emergency" is risky
Geoengineering: let's not get it back-to-front
Humanity and nature are not separate – we must see them as one to fix the climate crisis
Sowing the seeds of post-extractivism. Communities around the world are demonstrating how we can move beyond extractivism to revive cultures of care and solidarity.
Direct democracy and the passion for political participation. For a radically democratic and ecological society we need to build democratic and resilient communities capable of deepening citizen participation at all levels of public life.
Worker-owned apps are trying to fix the gig economy's exploitation
'Fire the bosses': Platform co-ops set out their radical stall
Imagine a future of distributed cooperatives, or disCOs
In depth with Clark Arrington, a pioneer for cooperatives and black economic power (Part 1)
Learning to see the commons
Gig workers rising: Foodora couriers and Uber drivers organizing for justice
The climate movement needs more creative tactics
Why climate action needs to target the border industrial complex
Eco-fascists and the ugly fight for 'our way of life' as the environment disintegrates
Italy's green fascists
Accelerationism: the idea inspiring white supremacist killers around the world
Primitivism and ecofascism
The Red Deal is an Indigenous climate plan that builds on the Green New Deal
All organizing is magic: Reflections on Caliban and the Witch
For a sustainable future, we need to reconnect with what we're eating – and each other
Meet the activists bringing urban farms to one of America's most deprived cities
Cities and radical municipalism
What if… cities became car-free?
Are community land trusts a way out of the system?
Against We. What the We Company offers is commune as commodity.
Berlin renters organize to expropriate the mega-landlords
How green gentrification is compromising Seattle's last affordable neighborhood
Who is the "public" in public transportation?
Endgame Marxism (and urbanism)
Sanders, Ocasio-Cortez unveil $172 billion 'Green New Deal for public housing'
Under the paving stones, a vegetable garden. Joëlle Zask explores how greening citizenship – through cultivation practices – offers an opportunity for self-government which may just restore this relationship to one of perpetual regeneration rather than mutually destructive exploitation.
If progressives don't try to win over rural areas, guess who will
Degrowth!
Defending limits is not Malthusian
Degrowth information
The myth of green growth. "Economic growth, democracy and CO2 have always been intertwined."
Unraveling the claims for (and against) green growth
Heaven hath limits: a review of Limits by Giorgos Kallis
10 ideas for degrowth architecture from the Oslo Architecture Triennale
Reflections on Seattle, 1999
Remembering for the future: Learning from the 1999 Seattle shutdown
Globalize liberation
Seattle 1999 and its "This Changes Everything" energy
Remembering the battle for Seattle: Organizers launch project to reflect on 20 years of lessons
Sci-fi and the near future
Cyberpunk is dead
The real-world locations of 14 sci-fi dystopias
Cherie Dimaline and Rebecca Roanhorse are embodying Indigenous futurisms
Jeff Bezos's vision of the future is basically Blade Runner
Space ageing: why sci-fi novels shun the badass older woman
Library Socialism: a utopian vision of a sustainable, luxuriant future of circulating abundance
Hopepunk and Solarpunk: On climate narratives that go beyond the Apocalypse
Highway to hell: the rise and fall of the car
Free BBC documentary: The worlds of Ursula K Le Guin
Nuclear energy will come back to haunt us
Climate change is breaking open America's nuclear tomb
In Marshall Islands, radiation threatens tradition of handing down stories by song
Germany is closing all its nuclear power plants. Now it must find a place to bury the deadly waste for 1 million years
Our children await a radioactive legacy
What is 'ecological economics' and why do we need to talk about it?
How to fight antisemitism
Mapping social movements and conflicts around the world
Global petrochemical map
Mary Annaïse Heglar's list of voices of color on the climate crisis
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Posted in Monthly links, Monthly linksTagged climate change, degrowth, economics, green new deal, indigenous, nuclearLeave a Comment on November readings
July readings
August 1, 2019 March 6, 2020
Processing of local rice by a women's cooperative in Dioro, Mali. Photo: FAO/Michela Paganini, via GRAIN
We are back with a new list of readings! In July, we collected articles on Brazil under Bolsonaro, global land conflicts and the Plantationocene, agro-ecology and food politics, the fall of the discipline of economics, and activist academia. As usual, you'll find plenty of material on new politics, radical municipalism, degrowth and the Green New Deal, and plastics and waste; and we're featuring some good reads on utopia, sci-fi, and the apocalypse. We also launched an exciting new project we've been working on behind the scenes for a while: Resources for a better future, a glossary aimed at making the tools needed to build a just and ecological society accessible to people outside of academic and activist circles.
Resources for a better future. We launched a new series! We're looking for people to write easy-to-read, clear, and opinionated entries defining some of the most important concepts in political ecology, alternative economics, and environmental justice.
Super glue | Link | 'Fuck, he can do this every single day. Why the fuck does he have to do it? What are we going to do? There's no point in rushing like this and trying to save him each time he gets into a dark mood', Ivan said, looking out of the taxi window.
Redwashing capital | Link | Left tech bros are honing Marx into a capitalist tool
Indigenous maize: who owns the rights to Mexico's 'wonder' plant?
The dark side of renewable energy
Five myths about Chernobyl, and, related: Radiation in parts of the Marshall Islands is far higher than Chernobyl, study says
101 notes on the LA Tenants Union
Food sovereignty is Africa's only solution to climate chaos
Why a fight to protect a volcano sacred to Native Hawaiians is our fight and Mauna Kea day 7 – crowd swells into the thousands
Hundreds of thousands demand Puerto Rico's governor resign
Puerto Rico, the oldest colony in the world, gives the world a master class on mobilization
Why ocean acidification could make some geoengineering schemes irrelevant
Planting 'billions of trees' isn't going to stop climate change
One climate crisis disaster happening every week, UN warns. Countries in the Global South must prepare now for profound impact.
In Somalia, the climate emergency is already here. The world cannot ignore it. Increasingly severe and frequent droughts are threatening the lives of millions of Somalis.
Starvation deaths of 200 reindeer in Arctic caused by climate crisis, say researchers. Comparable death toll has been recorded only once before.
'Protesters as terrorists': growing number of US states turn anti-pipeline activism into a crime
Bolsonaro's Brazil
Bolsanaro stands by as 20,000 miners invade the Yanomami Amazon Reserve
Brazil: Amazon state's new law enables land thieves, critics say
Amazon gold miners invade indigenous village in Brazil after its leader is killed
'He wants to destroy us': Bolsonaro poses gravest threat in decades, Amazon tribes say
Global land conflicts and the Plantationocene
Donna Haraway and Anna Tsing reflect on the Plantationocene
Heart of Ecuador's Yasuni, home to uncontacted tribes, opens for oil drilling
Two groups of Cambodian villagers protest over land disputes
Cameroon's palm oil of discontent
Report implicates Gov't officials in massive land grabs
The World Bank lending strategy must aim to place people above profit
Central Africa's rainforests and people suffering from the expansion of palm oil and rubber plantations
Land, environmental activist killings surge in Guatemala: report
Agro-ecology and food politics
Monica White on food justice in the past, present, future
Putting pigs in the shade: the radical farming system banking on trees
Landscape with beavers
How we can change our food systems: Integrated Food Policy
Venezuelan food houses: a last trench against US blockade
Dalit identity and food – memories of trauma on a plate
Agroecology as innovation and Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition
Our veggie gardens won't feed us in a real crisis
Dancing with grief
Political scenarios for climate disaster
On flooding: drowning the culture in sameness
AI applications, chips, deep tech, and geopolitics in 2019: The stakes have never been higher
The 'giant sucking sound' of NAFTA: Ross Perot was ridiculed as alarmist in 1992 but his warning turned out to be prescient
5 myths about global poverty
The philosophy of low-tech: a conversation with Kris De Decker
The tyranny of lawns and landlords
Gardening games are blossoming in turbulent times
When ancient DNA gets politicized
'Climate despair' is making people give up on life
Farmers' markets have new unwelcome guests: fascists
We should never have called it Earth
Elephants' diets help forests to thrive… and store more carbon
We can't expand airports after declaring a climate emergency. Related: Seven strategies for the degrowth of aviation and To fly or not to fly? The environmental cost of air travel
Turn on, tune in, rise up
What role do cooperatives and the "solidarity economy" play in class struggle?
Ecological politics for the working class
Shifting ownership for the energy transition in the Green New Deal: a transatlantic proposal
The tactics Hong Kong protesters use to fortify the front lines
In the age of extinction, who is extreme? A response to Policy Exchange in defense of Extinction Rebellion
Remembering the Chipko movement: the women-led Indigenous stuggle
Radical municipalism
Why suburbia sucks
Cities are beginning to own up to the climate impacts of what they consume
The problem with community land trusts
Yesterday's tomorrow today: what we can learn from past urban visions
Finding the future in radical rural America
I'm an engineer, and I'm not buying into 'smart' cities
Berlin buys 670 flats on Karl-Marx-Allee from private owner and The causes and consequences of Berlin's rapid gentrification
Degrowth and the Green New Deal
Greenwashing the status quo: 'European green deal' falls woefully short of what's needed
Decoupling is dead! Long live degrowth! Also see Decoupling debunked – Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability and The decoupling delusion: rethinking growth and sustainability
Plastics and waste
The plastic industry's fight to keep polluting the world
What you think about landfill and recycling is probably totally wrong
'The odour of burning wakes us': inside the Philippines' Plastic City
Utopia, sci-fi, and the apocalypse
Optimize what? How techno-solutionism begins in the classrooms where computer science is taught
Ursula K. Le Guin's revolutions
In Tim Maughan's dystopian novel, the web is dead
Like mechanization, AI will make us richer. But it may not help workers.
Revolutionary dreamwork
The fall of the discipline of economics
The tragedy of the tragedy of the commons
The quiet realization of Ivan Illich's ideas in the contemporary commons movement
The myth of the tragedy of the commons
Trickle-up economics
The fall of the economists' empire
Eight principles of a new economics for the people of a living Earth
Activist academia
Why we need a more activist academy
What it's like to be a woman in the academy
Why 'open science' is actually pretty good politics
Essential books on Marxism and ecology
Green New Deals – the degrowth perspective. A compilation of articles on the Green New Deal from a degrowth framework—many of which have been featured in this newsletter already.
The 2019 Atlas of Utopias. A global gallery of inspiring community-led transformation in water, energy, food systems and housing.
Decolonising the economy. A new ourEconomy series focusing on the global economy and global justice.
Posted in Monthly links, Monthly linksTagged agroecology, bolsonaro, Brazil, degrowth, economics, food politics, green new deal, land conflicts, plastics, radical municipalism, wasteLeave a Comment on July readings
How circular is the circular economy?
Illustration: Diego Marmolejo.
by Kris De Decker
The circular economy has become, for many governments, institutions, companies, and environmental organisations, one of the main components of a plan to lower carbon emissions. In the circular economy, resources would be continually re-used, meaning that there would be no more mining activity or waste production. The stress is on recycling, made possible by designing products so that they can easily be taken apart.
Attention is also paid to developing an "alternative consumer culture". In the circular economy, we would no longer own products, but would loan them. For example, a customer could pay not for lighting devices but for light, while the company remains the owner of the lighting devices and pays the electricity bill. A product thus becomes a service, which is believed to encourage businesses to improve the lifespan and recyclability of their products.
The circular economy is presented as an alternative to the "linear economy" – a term that was coined by the proponents of circularity, and which refers to the fact that industrial societies turn valuable resources into waste. However, while there's no doubt that the current industrial model is unsustainable, the question is how different to so-called circular economy would be.
Several scientific studies (see references) describe the concept as an "idealised vision", a "mix of various ideas from different domains", or a "vague idea based on pseudo-scientific concepts". There's three main points of criticism, which we discuss below.
Too complex to recycle
The first dent in the credibility of the circular economy is the fact that the recycling process of modern products is far from 100% efficient. A circular economy is nothing new. In the middle ages, old clothes were turned into paper, food waste was fed to chickens or pigs, and new buildings were made from the remains of old buildings. The difference between then and now is the resources used.
Before industrialisation, almost everything was made from materials that were either decomposable – like wood, reeds, or hemp – or easy to recycle or re-use – like iron and bricks. Modern products are composed of a much wider diversity of (new) materials, which are mostly not decomposable and are also not easily recycled.
For example, a recent study of the modular Fairphone 2 – a smartphone designed to be recyclable and have a longer lifespan – shows that the use of synthetic materials, microchips, and batteries makes closing the circle impossible. Only 30% of the materials used in the Fairphone 2 can be recuperated. A study of LED lights had a similar result.
The large-scale use of synthetic materials, microchips, and batteries makes closing the circle impossible.
The more complex a product, the more steps and processes it takes to recycle. In each step of this process, resources and energy are lost. Furthermore, in the case of electronic products, the production process itself is much more resource-intensive than the extraction of the raw materials, meaning that recycling the end product can only recuperate a fraction of the input. And while some plastics are indeed being recycled, this process only produces inferior materials ("downcycling") that enter the waste stream soon afterwards.
The low efficiency of the recycling process is, on its own, enough to take the ground from under the concept of the circular economy: the loss of resources during the recycling process always needs to be compensated with more over-extraction of the planet's resources. Recycling processes will improve, but recycling is always a trade-off between maximum material recovery and minimum energy use. And that brings us to the next point.
How can you recycle energy sources?
The second dent in the credibility of the circular economy is the fact that 20% of total resources used worldwide are fossil fuels. More than 98% of that is burnt as a source of energy and can't be re-used or recycled. At best, the excess heat from, for example, the generation of electricity, can be used to replace other heat sources.
As energy is transferred or transformed, its quality diminishes (second law of thermodynamics). For example, it's impossible to operate one car or one power plant with the excess heat from another. Consequently, there will always be a need to mine new fossil fuels. Besides, recycling materials also requires energy, both through the recycling process and the transportation of recycled and to-be-recycled materials.
To this, the supporters of the circular economy have a response: we will shift to 100% renewable energy. But this doesn't make the circle round: to build and maintain renewable energy plants and accompanied infrastructures, we also need resources (both energy and materials). What's more, technology to harvest and store renewable energy relies on difficult-to-recycle materials. That's why solar panels, wind turbines and lithium-ion batteries are not recycled, but landfilled or incinerated.
Input exceeds output
The third dent in the credibility of the circular economy is the biggest: the global resource use – both energetic and material – keeps increasing year by year. The use of resources grew by 1400% in the last century: from 7 gigatonnes (Gt) in 1900 to 62 Gt in 2005 and 78 Gt in 2010. That's an average growth of about 3% per year – more than double the rate of population growth.
Growth makes a circular economy impossible, even if all raw materials were recycled and all recycling was 100% efficient. The amount of used material that can be recycled will always be smaller than the material needed for growth. To compensate for that, we have to continuously extract more resources.
Growth makes a circular economy impossible, even if all raw materials were recycled and all recycling was 100% efficient.
The difference between demand and supply is bigger than you might think. If we look at the whole life cycle of resources, then it becomes clear that proponents for a circular economy only focus on a very small part of the whole system, and thereby misunderstand the way it operates.
Accumulation of resources
A considerable segment of all resources – about a third of the total – are neither recycled, nor incinerated or dumped: they are accumulated in buildings, infrastructure, and consumer goods. In 2005, 62 Gt of resources were used globally. After subtracting energy sources (fossil fuels and biomass) and waste from the mining sector, the remaining 30 Gt were used to make material goods. Of these, 4 Gt was used to make products that last for less than one year (disposable products).
The other 26 Gt was accumulated in buildings, infrastructure, and consumer goods that last for more than a year. In the same year, 9 Gt of all surplus resources were disposed of, meaning that the "stocks" of material capital grew by 17 Gt in 2005. In comparison: the total waste that could be recycled in 2005 was only 13 Gt (4 Gt disposable products and 9 Gt surplus resources), of which only a third (4 Gt) can be effectively recycled.
About a third of all resources are neither recycled, nor incinerated or dumped: they are accumulated in buildings, infrastructure, and consumer goods.
Only 9 Gt is then put in a landfill, incinerated, or dumped – and it is this 9 Gt that the circular economy focuses on. But even if that was all recycled, and if the recycling processes were 100% efficient, the circle would still not be closed: 63 Gt in raw materials and 30 Gt in material products would still be needed.
As long as we keep accumulating raw materials, the closing of the material life cycle remains an illusion, even for materials that are, in principle, recyclable. For example, recycled metals can only supply 36% of the yearly demand for new metal, even if metal has relatively high recycling capacity, at about 70%. We still use more raw materials in the system than can be made available through recycling – and so there are simply not enough recyclable raw materials to put a stop to the continuously expanding extractive economy.
The true face of the circular economy
A more responsible use of resources is of course an excellent idea. But to achieve that, recycling and re-use alone aren't enough. Since 71% of all resources cannot be recycled or re-used (44% of which are energy sources and 27% of which are added to existing stocks), you can only really get better numbers by reducing total use.
A circular economy would therefore demand that we use less fossil fuels (which isn't the same as using more renewable energy), and that we accumulate less raw materials in commodities. Most importantly, we need to make less stuff: fewer cars, fewer microchips, fewer buildings. This would result in a double profit: we would need less resources, while the supply of discarded materials available for re-use and recycling would keep growing for many years to come.
It seems unlikely that the proponents of the circular economy would accept these additional conditions. The concept of the circular economy is intended to align sustainability with economic growth – in other words, more cars, more microchips, more buildings. For example, the European Union states that the circular economy will "foster sustainable economic growth".
Even the limited goals of the circular economy – total recycling of a fraction of resources – demands an extra condition that proponents probably won't agree with: that everything is once again made with wood and simple metals, without using synthetic materials, semi-conductors, lithium-ion batteries or composite materials.
This article first appeared on Low-tech Magazine.
Kris De Decker is editor of Low-Tech Magazine and lives in Barcelona, Spain.
Haas, Willi, et al. "How circular is the global economy?: An assessment of material flows, waste production, and recycling in the European Union and the world in 2005." Journal of Industrial Ecology 19.5 (2015): 765-777.
Murray, Alan, Keith Skene, and Kathryn Haynes. "The circular economy: An interdisciplinary exploration of the concept and application in a global context." Journal of Business Ethics 140.3 (2017): 369-380.
Gregson, Nicky, et al. "Interrogating the circular economy: the moral economy of resource recovery in the EU." Economy and Society 44.2 (2015): 218-243.
Krausmann, Fridolin, et al. "Global socioeconomic material stocks rise 23-fold over the 20th century and require half of annual resource use." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2017): 201613773.
Korhonen, Jouni, Antero Honkasalo, and Jyri Seppälä. "Circular economy: the concept and its limitations." Ecological economics 143 (2018): 37-46.
Fellner, Johann, et al. "Present potentials and limitations of a circular economy with respect to primary raw material demand." Journal of Industrial Ecology 21.3 (2017): 494-496.
Reuter, Markus A., Antoinette van Schaik, and Miquel Ballester. "Limits of the Circular Economy: Fairphone Modular Design Pushing the Limits." 2018
Reuter, M. A., and A. Van Schaik. "Product-Centric Simulation-based design for recycling: case of LED lamp recycling." Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy 1.1 (2015): 4-28.
Reuter, Markus A., Antoinette van Schaik, and Johannes Gediga. "Simulation-based design for resource efficiency of metal production and recycling systems: Cases-copper production and recycling, e-waste (LED lamps) and nickel pig iron." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 20.5 (2015): 671-693.
Posted in Uncategorized, WasteTagged circular economy, degrowth, discards, ecological economics, economics, environment, wasteLeave a Comment on How circular is the circular economy?
We've been here before, haven't we?
May 5, 2015 September 13, 2017
by Salvador Pueyo
We are often told that we need economic growth to address social problems such as unemployment and poverty and to improve everybody's welfare. However, if one of your sleeves is tight on you, this does not necessarily mean that you need a bigger shirt: perhaps what you need is to reshape your shirt. Indeed, this will be your sole option if you have little thread left.
Economic growth is not a realistic answer to social problems in a world with vanishing natural resources, ecological degradation and climate change. The sensible answer is a deep transformation of the economy to make it more egalitarian and better suited to people's aspiration to satisfy their basic needs and to live a meaningful and fulfilling life, while we get rid of many economic activities that we do not really need, and contract the economy to sustainable levels, carefully and in a truly democratic way. Currently, this idea is best known with the name of degrowth (see this website or this one), and their supporters pursue it at all levels, including individual consumption choices, grassroots self-organization to experience alternative forms of collective functioning, and political action.
However, very few people in the degrowth movement are aware that we are essentially repeating a cycle of mobilization that had already taken place from the late 1970s to the early 1990s (Piulats 1984 is a good sample, in Spanish). In that period, the ideas and practices that we currently call degrowth were labelled just as green, without knowing that the environmental movement would later become dominated by other different shades of green. The movement was especially strong in West Germany, becoming a reference all over the world when its political arm, Die Grünen (the German Greens) irrupted into the Federal Parliament in 1983.
Unfortunately, Die Grünen became split in two main factions. The fundamentalist or fundi, which we would currently call degrowther, would soon have to share the party with the self-called realists or realos, closer to what we currently call green capitalism. Fundis went under pressure after an electoral defeat in 1990 (when the Greens did not share the general enthusiasm for a quick reunification of Germany, warning of the many problems that this would cause to East Germans, and focused their campaign on the then virtually unknown issue of climate change; paraphrasing the German Railways' slogan Everyone is talking about the weather. We don't, their slogan was Everyone is talking about Germany; we're talking about the weather!; e.g., Jungjohann 2013). In a party congress in 1991, the fundis were defeated and left the party (see different views of this congress here and here). The end of the German Greens of the 1980s was rounded off with the death in 1992 of its most emblematic member, the fundi Petra Kelly.
After these events, the ideas, experiences and illusions of the early Grünen were forgotten almost completely. However, their spirit has never ceased to manifest itself in lots of grassroots initiatives. And, behind this veil of amnesia, there is a hidden treasure: the political programmes of the German Greens of that times. As described in a paper that Jorge Riechmann published in Ecología Política in 1994 (if you understand Spanish, this review is a must read), there was a conscious process of programmatic elaboration. It was carried out by the assemblies and representatives of the party all over West Germany, the many social movements where they had their roots, and hundreds of experts hired with the funds obtained from the presence of the party in the institutions. They envisioned, with much detail, how Die Grünen could foster a transition toward a socially fair degrowth.
Even though Die Grünen had already moderated some of their positions before the upheaval of the early 1990s (Blühdorn 2009), the rich programmatic document on international economic policy elaborated between 1988 and 1990 still declares that "For us it is no longer international politics in the national interest but national politics in the international interest" (p. 7) and that "we should not hide the fact that our foreign economic guidelines could bring about a noticeable reduction in our current standard of living" (p. 93). Few current radical parties would dare to go so far.
I was appalled by the amnesia surrounding the early Grünen, which I noticed in many different ways, not least by failing to find some key programmatic documents with search engines. Taking advantage of a trip to Berlin to give a talk, I visited the historical archive of Die Grünen (run by the Heinrich Böll Foundation) and I photocopied some of these documents. I put them together with some other documents in this small repository.
By studying the early programmes of Die Grünen, the degrowth movement can save much effort and leap forward in the detail and quality of its political proposals. Like the protagonist of Groundhog Day, we can also learn from that past to avoid a repetition of the same story.
This is just the beginning. I hope that this (or some other) repository will be enriched with more programmatic documents and with translations.
Salvador Pueyo is a scientist and an activist. He holds a PhD from the Dept. of Ecology of the University of Barcelona, and has worked at research institutions in several countries. He applies complexity science to macroecology, macroeconomics and global change. He is a member of Research & Degrowth.
The two images in this article were found in the document, "Gegen arbeitslosigkeit und Socialabbau: Sinnvoll arbeiten – solidarisch leben" by Die Grünen.
Posted in Policy, Report-backTagged degrowth, die Grünen, economics, Germany, politicsLeave a Comment on We've been here before, haven't we?


text:
Home | News | Article
5G to support more than 10% of global mobile connections by 2023
Written by: Charlotte Hathway | Published: 19 February 2020
66 per cent of the global population will have internet access by 2023, with 5G supporting more than 10 per cent of mobile connections, according to Cisco's new Annual Internet Report.
The company also forecasts that the average 5G speed will be 575 megabits per second and will deliver more dynamic mobile infrastructures for AI and emerging IoT applications. Those could include autonomous cars, smart cities, connected health, and immersive video.
Roland Acra, senior vice president and chief technology officer at Cisco said, "What we are seeing from our research is a continuous rise in internet users, devices, connections, and more demand on the network than we could have imagined. The insights and knowledge gained by our Annual Internet Report are helping global service providers prepare their networks for the ongoing growth in connections and envision the greatest opportunities to capitalise on their technology innovations and strategic investments."
Kester Mann, director of consumer and connectivity at CCS Insight, called the report a "fascinating projection" of the future, with consumers and businesses benefitting from wider coverage, faster speeds and more reliable performance in just three years.
He added, "5G is an important topic in the report, demonstrating the strong progress made by the industry over the past few years. For the UK, it charts a remarkable turnaround from laggard in 4G to leader in 5G. It was the 53rd nation to launch 4G – behind others such as Guam, Azerbaijan and Kiribati – but is among the most advanced and ambitious 5G nations. By the end of February 2020, all four UK mobile operators will have launched commercial 5G services with smartphones, a feat perhaps matched only by the US."
The Annual Internet Report is a global, regional and country level forecast that assesses digital transformation. It covers fixed broadband, Wi-Fi, and mobile networking. The report can be accessed here.
This material is protected by MA Business & Leisure Limited copyright.
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text:
package com.example.dreamteam.beergram.auth.login;

import dagger.Module;
import dagger.Provides;

@Module
public class LoginModule {

    private final LoginContract.View view;

    public LoginModule(LoginContract.View view){
        this.view = view;
    }

    @Provides
    LoginContract.View provideLoginView(){
        return this.view;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub