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Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
20 Attractions to Explore Near Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve3505 W 35th St, Austin, TX 78703, USA
A historic cottage, garden and nature preserve which was located in West Austin, Texas which was built in 1870 s. Mayfield Park is open to the public and is known for its free-roaming peacocks on the property. The cottage and gardens can be reserved for private events. The grounds are immediately adjacent to Laguna Gloria, home to the Austin Museum of Art.
The Contemporary Austin - Laguna Gloria0.28 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
The Contemporary Austin - Laguna Gloria, formerly known as the AMOA-Arthouse at Laguna Gloria, is the former home of Clara Driscoll and site of a 1916 Italianate-style villa on the shores of Lake Austin in Austin, Texas. It was the original home of the Austin Museum of Art and still houses some of its collections. The building is now one of two sites of The Contemporary Austin.
Mount Bonnell0.88 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
Also known as Covert Park, is a prominent point alongside the Lake Austin portion of the Colorado River in Austin, Texas. It has been a popular tourist destination since the 1850s. The mount provides a vista for viewing the city of Austin, Lake Austin, and the surrounding hills.It was designated as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.
Texas Military Forces Museum0.99 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A history museum which was hosted by the Texas Military Department at Camp Mabry and is part of the United States Army Historical Program which has indoor and outdoor galleries featuring 24 major exhibits, which includes over 10,000 artifacts, 36 vehicles, 8 dioramas, 16 macro environments, 16 macro artifacts, and over 50 uniformed mannequins. The library and archive features over 10,000 books and 20,000 photos available for research.
Hotels near Tex...
Elisabet Ney Museum4.41 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
The Elisabet Ney Museum is a museum located in Austin, Texas, United States. It is housed in the former studio of sculptor Elisabet Ney and is dedicated to showcasing her life and works. There is a permanent collection of her portrait busts and personal memorabilia on display.
Hotels near Eli...
Zilker Nature Preserve4.49 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A huge recreational area in Austin, Texas which comprises 350 acres of area. Today the park is a hub for so many recreational activities and the hike and bike trail around Lady Bird Lake, both of which run next to the park. There are also huge events are taking place in this beautiful park.
Hotels near Zil...
360 Bridge4.68 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
This is a through arch bridge across Lake Austin which connects the northern and southern sections of the Loop 360 highway, also known as the "Capital of Texas Highway. The road is widely considered one of the most scenic urban drives in Texas, in large part due to this arched weathering-steel bridge and the rolling hills that flank the road.
Hotels near 360...
Texas Memorial Museum4.75 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
The Texas Memorial Museum, located on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Its focus is on natural history, including paleontology, geology, biology, herpetology, ichthyology, and entomology. At one point, the museum also had exhibits on Texas history, anthropology, geography, and ethnography, but these were relocated to other museum in 2001.
Bullock Texas State History Museum4.82 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A historic museum in Austin, Texas which was dedicated to interpreting the continually unfolding "Story of Texas" to the broadest possible audience through meaningful educational experiences.
Hotels near Bul...
Blanton Museum of Art4.84 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
One of the biggest university art museums in the US which has so many exhibitions, art galleries and more. Its permanent collection consists of almost 18,000 works, with significant holdings of modern and contemporary art, Latin American art, Old Master paintings, and prints and drawings from Europe, the United States, and Latin America.
Hotels near Bla...
Wild Basin Wilderness Preserve4.99 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A wildlife preserve which was founded in1974 consists of 227 acres of native Texas Hill Country habitat west of Austin, Texas. It maintains around 4kms of hiking trails. It was one of the popular tourist attractions in Travis county.
Hotels near Wil...
Texas Capitol5.21 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
This is the Capitol building and the seat of government of the American state of Texas. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.
St Mary Cathedral5.55 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A cathedral parish of the Catholic Diocese of Austin located in Austin, Texas, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, as St. Mary's Cathedral. The architecture of this church is truly astonishing and it helps to study the ancient architecture of Texas.
Hotels near St ...
Umlauf Sculpture Garden & Museum5.55 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A museum and outdoor sculpture garden centered on the artistic works of American sculptor Charles Umlauf. Located at 605 Azie Morton Road in the Zilker neighborhood of Austin, Texas, the garden is adjacent to Austin's Zilker Park.
Hotels near Uml...
Mexic-Arte Museum5.83 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
Mexic-Arte Museum is a fine arts museum in Austin, Texas. The Mission of the organization is to enrich and educate the community through the presentation and promotion of traditional and contemporary Mexican, Latino, and Latino art and culture which was founded in 1983.
Hotels near Mex...
Thinkery6.63 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A children's museum which was located in Austin, Texas which was founded in 1983 and was designed to meet the demand of the greater Austin region for learning experiences in Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math (STEAM) subjects. for children and families.
Hotels near Thi...
Lady Bird Lake8.89 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
This is a river-like reservoir on the colorado river Austin. It is the easternmost lake of a chain of reservoirs on the river, which is completely located in Texas. It is now one of the famous tourist places in Travis county.
Hotels near Lad...
Barton Creek9.86 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
Barton Creek is a tributary that feeds the Colorado River as it flows through the Texas Hill Country. The creek passes through some of the more scenic areas in Greater Austin, surrounded in many parts by a greenbelt of protected lands that serves as a habitat for many indigenous species of flora and fauna.
Hotels near Bar...
McKinney Falls State Park15.14 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A naturally beautiful state park which was located in Austin ,Texas which was opened in 1976 and is named after Thomas F. McKinney, a businessman, race horse breeder and rancher, who owned and lived on the land in the mid-to-late 19th century.
Hotels near McK...
Mansfield Dam15.71 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A dam located across a canyon at Marshall Ford on the Colorado River. This 278 feet high and 7089 feet long was constructed to control flooding, to store water and to generate electricity. It is also one of the prime tourist attractions in the Travis county.
Hotels near Man...
Hippie Hollow Park15.80 KMs away from Mayfield Park and Nature Preserve
A park located on the shore of Lake Travis in northwest Austin. It is the only legally recognized clothing-optional public park in the State of Texas. It has been used as a nude swimming spot for years because the area was along a particularly remote section of the shoreline of Lake Travis. It is one of the popular tourist attractions in Austin.
Hotels near Hip...


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carnevalemanfredonia.it » Children's Books » The Swamp Robber (Sugar Creek Gang, Book 1)
eBook The Swamp Robber (Sugar Creek Gang, Book 1) download
by Paul Hutchens
Paul Hutchens Action and Adventure English
Author: Paul Hutchens
Publisher: Moody Press; Fifth or Later Edition edition (June 1970)
Other formats: lrf mobi lit docx
Subcategory: Action and Adventure
The Sugar Creek Gang series chronicles the faith-building adventures of a group of fun-loving, courageous Christian boys. Best known for his Sugar Creek Gang series, Hutchens was a 1927 graduate of Moody Bible Institute.
The Sugar Creek Gang series chronicles the faith-building adventures of a group of fun-loving, courageous Christian boys. He was the author of 19 adult novels, 36 books in the Sugar Creek Gang series, and several booklets for servicemen during World War II. Mr. Hutchens and his wife, Jane, were married 52 years. They had two children and four grandchildren.
Sugar Creek Gang is a series of 36 Christian themed children's literature books written by Paul Hutchens. The original series is set near Thorntown, Indiana and named for the nearby Sugar Creek, based upon the formative years of Paul and his six brothers, and chronicles adventure situations told from a faith-based didactic perspective.
In this book, the Sugar Creek Gang discovers a "disguise" hidden in a old tree. I would recommend The Swamp Robber by Paul Hutchens to any of my friends with boys or girls ages 8-12. Apr 22, 2014 Kevin rated it liked it. Does it belong to the bank robber hiding in the swamp? A mysterious map hidden near the tree proves to be even more exciting than the disguise. Before the adventure ends, the gang encounters the robber, helps Bill Collins welcome a new baby sister, and saves the victim of a black widow spider bite.
He will live on forever as the voice of my grandpa's Sugar Creek Gang books - turning the books into a radio program. I remember listening after school and our kids have listened countless times on CD. He always went into the voice of Bill Collins any time he saw Olivia or one of the other Wilson grands or great-grands. Olivia and I went with my Dad to Paul's 90th birthday party and I had gotten to know him better in the past couple of years as I became my Dad's "plus one" at Northwestern events.
Paul Hutchens (based on: The Sugar Creek Gang book series written by), Owen Smith. This is the fourth film in The Sugar Creek Gang series See full. This is the fourth film in The Sugar Creek Gang series See full summary . Director: Owen Smith. Next . Sugar Creek Gang: Revival Villains (Video 2005). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7,6/10 X. This is the third film in The Sugar Creek Gang series. Finally the first day of Sugar Creek's highly anticipated revival celebration arrives!
Sugar Creek Gang Set Books 1-6. Paul Hutchens.
Sugar Creek Gang Set Books 1-6. The tales and travels of the Sugar Creek Gang have passed the test of time, delighting young readers for more than fifty years. Great mysteries for kids with a message, The Sugar Creek Gang series chronicles the faith-building adventures of a group of fun-loving, courageous Christian boys.
In this book, the Sugar Creek Gang discovers a "disguise" hidden in a old tree Best known for his Sugar Creek Gang series, Hutchens was a 1927 graduate of Moody Bible Institute.
Great mysteries with a message for kids, The Sugar Creek Gang series chronicles the faith-building adventures of a group of fun-loving, courageous Christian boys.
Lyrtois
This is the series that introduced me to the infectious hold of books. I simply couldn't wait for the next "Sugar Creek Gang" book to come out, and my parents and grandparents knew as much, using my consuming desire as a device for motivating other "good" behaviors, like practicing the piano, taking care of Trixie (my dog), saying my prayers each night (my father was a preacher). I soon became conscious of an underlying Christian theme (primarily in the subplot involving Little Jim and his wayward alcoholic father. At times the religious message struck me as a bit thick (today I would say "didactic"), even as an 8-year-old, but for the most part it's sufficiently subtle, or interwoven into the narrative, not to interfere with the rapid pace of the story and the well-rounded portraits of each of the characters.
I started the series when I was 6 and, failing to get my son's interest with my old and musty books, I'm hoping that my grandson, who is now that age, will take to it as readily and completely as I did. There's one huge difference between the 2 of us that goes far beyond the religious affiliations of my own and my daughter's family. When I started reading this book in Loves Park, Illinois in the 1940s, there was no TV! In fact, there were no prolific, omnipresent screens of every size and shape. As a teacher I unavoidably noticed the difference, and the ever-widening gap, between my experience and my students'. For some time I tried to meet students half way with screenings of the classics, computer programs, and even e-mail literary contests in "real time." I'm afraid the education received was mostly my own--about texting, chat-room prose, and social "connectivity" through Facebook and its many wannabes.
The problem is not necessarily one of video literacy replacing book literacy, or of videos replacing books. It's one of "fast time" replacing "slow time," or of "instant meaning" replacing the joy of discovery that is inseparable from the reader's own laborious composition of meaning from an author's sentences, a process in which the author and reader share almost equally. (In "film texts" that hold the power to reveal us to ourselves through their striking epiphanies, the same is true--often requiring many repeated reruns of the same 5 minutes of footage before Hitchcock's "liebstod" in "Vertigo" comes together with a riveting power comparable of Wagner's "Tristan and Isolde.") The pianist Bill Evans once said that, with respect to the appreciation of music, the layman has the advantage over the musician or music critic. The "naiveté" that the professional must strive for in order to hear the freshness and vital life that define a genuinely inspired piece of music are already in the layman's possession! I'm afraid that present-day media essentially robs the layperson of the advantage that once was his.
Attention spans are not as long, close (or "critical") reading is rarely employed and, most disturbing of all, young people aren't taught, or required, to question not simply texts but their likes and dislikes until they can defend these preferences and aversions with reasoned arguments (I can just see Socrates, the most persistent proponent of questioning as the key to all learning, rolling in his grave!). The Sugar Creek Gang series led me almost directly into the more accessible poems of the great Romantics (Shelley and Keats, Wordsworth and Coleridge, Blake and Byron) and from there to Grace Metalious' "Peyton Place" (which I wound up having to defend before both an English teacher and, as a result of her reporting my "book report," my parents). Sometime before the end of high school, the transition from the Sugar Creek Gang books to Jack Kerouac's "On the Road" came as a necessary rite of passage.
If anyone has reservations about these books because of the pervasive, underlying (though occasionally explicit) religious theme, I hope my experience might be a touchstone to the universal, archetypal pattern of the stories--about journeys begun and halted, family relationships, the difficulties of growing up, and, most importantly,, the thirst for adventure and exploration (along with sassafras tea) that we hope to see in every young child. The religious slant rarely interferes with the momentum of the narrative and is always subordinate to a larger moral vision that "informs" but does not "fashion" the larger world of the fiction .
The author's personal background appears to be that of a Baptist with fundamentalist leanings (think: slightly to the right of Jimmy Carter). But were the author Jewish or Islamic, Hindu or Buddhist, it should make no difference. The values that the characters are challenged to grow by are common to all great religions--the need for open and honest communication, empathy and learning to love one's "enemy," respecting all of God's creation (it seems clear that the author had read Faulkner's short story "The Bear" as well as the quintessential narrative about growing up, "Catcher in the Rye").
If the parent has any objection to such values, perhaps "The Sugar Creek Gang" is not for them. For this reader the stories were ceaselessly captivating and, upon adult reflection, formative. In some respects, I still count myself member of that gang, fighting for peace, justice and the American way. When I got to Shakespeare's "Henry IV, Pt.1," I couldn't contain myself upon finding myself at home with Falstaff and his riotous company (which made my students' boredom and, worse, apparent lack of comprehension concerning the entire episode humbling--surely I must have "set it up" poorly for my students). Then I attempted teaching "Tom Jones," a lengthy but lively and "naughty" novel that had held my attention in high school. I gave up upon discovering that in place of reading Henry Fielding's text, students (at least my better ones) were reading the summary in Spark Notes!
The English language is not only the most influential but the most supple, malleable, mutable, chameleon-like, and expressive of all. Whatever story someone chooses to read or to teach, the biggest mistake is to attach primary importance to all of those "literary terms"--things like plot, story, denouement, tone, atmosphere, setting, character (even, I'm almost tempted to say, "irony"). Essential to the reward of any text is an understanding of its language--which includes its grammar and structure, denotation and connotation. Meaning is a function of form as much as content. If the reader can traverse the landscape of a story by Dickens, Thackeray or Flannery O'Connor, the road to conquest is underway. Now comes the next step--"irony"--so essential to all serious literature--requiring the reader to subvert his own understanding of the literal meanings of what has been read! The meaning of the literary work, or rich text, is usually opposite to the reader's first understanding. With the "Sugar Creek Gang" books, I had not arrived at that stage--but their "fundamental" scaffolding, I now have little doubt, prepared me to exercise the critical practices that characterize all close reading.
[My wife's recent reading of the book tells me that I've underplayed the Christian "message," which is far more pervasive and "louder" than I had remembered. The author's audience is clearly white Christian boys, who had better accept the Lord Savior into their hearts--or else! OK, so it's ethnically narrow, racially homogenous, theologically reductive, exclusively centered on the patriarchal voice, sexless and not a little sexist (mothers "wait" on their family's table and are referred to "the little lady"). Far from "indoctrinating" me, the books provided a worldview that gave meaning to my deviations from it! Pianist Bill Evans says that in the opposition between layman and critic, the advantage is always the layman's. He can listen and respond to the music without bringing an "agenda" to the program; the critic, on the other hand, has to "struggle" to attain the naiveté that is already the layman's. I was so caught up in the narrative, so anxious for the next book's release, that the didactic digressions about what I must do to get into heaven were beside the point. I was there already.]
black coffe
I have the full collection of the "Sugar Creek Gang" books. This one is the first book in the series. They are really wholesome stories that my children and I love. I am extremely picky about what goes into the minds and hearts of my children, and this series of books makes the list.
I love this book! This series was my favorite as a kid, and now rereading it to my kids, I can see why. It is well-written, charming, and engaging. It also includes a clear Gospel message.
Coiriel
This was a great book. My son and I read it together! He loves it and he can't wait to start the next book.
Cordalas
My boys loved this book. It covers the gospel message several times but also has fun and entertaining adventures! We will definitely be reading the others.
Wishamac
This is a great book with a mystery and most importantly help kids grow in their faith. I think this is a great series.
KiddenDan
Great book, great series of books!
Love it !!!!!
Related to The Swamp Robber (Sugar Creek Gang, Book 1):
The Case of the Missing Calf (Sugar Creek Gang Original Series) epub
Roses in Sugar Sugar Inspiration Series epub
The Bull Fighter (Sugar Creek Gang Original Series) epub
Swamp Thing Vol. 1: Saga of the Swamp Thing epub
Swamp Thing Vol. 2: Love and Death epub
Teacher Trouble: Sugar Creek Gang epub
Swamp Thing Volume Eight (Swamp Thing UK, #8) epub
The Killer Cat (Sugar Creek Gang Original Series) epub
Roots of the Swamp Thing epub
The Secret Hideout (Sugar Creek Gang #5) epub

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Watch the theatrical trailer of Aditya Chopra's Befikre starring Ranveer Singh and Vaani Kapoor in the lead.
Befikre only will Hit not more than this.
Mixed feelings! Don't know how to react. Such a trailer.
Just one word that is utter crap….
wait guys, the biggest disaster is coming soon.
all the viewers also BIFIKRE regarding to this movie ..
Gotta say the movie feels like cult in making! Ranveer is here to stay!
This crap wont work. Only waiting for Dangal the biggest movie of the year.
Just like trailer movie also release in France only.
Because Indians are not too Befikrey in India.


Our December meeting will take place at 7.30pm on 9 December in the Haydn Rees Room. It will be an 'Open mic without a mic' evening when we can read several of our poems to an audience of ourselves. Time allocated will depend on numbers attending… and of course on mince pie eating time.
We can also discuss future projects, including name and promotion of the music-poetry collaboration event.
This entry was posted in Stanza Meetings on November 17, 2013 by Robbie Burton.


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Indian American Led DARPA Showcases Research Programs at Pentagon Event
PHOTO BY: Credit: DARPA graphic
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency hosted DARPA Demo Day 2016 at the Pentagon, May 11, 2016
Washington, DC – The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency yesterday (May 11) hosted DARPA Demo Day 2016 at the Pentagon, giving the Defense Department community an up-close look at the agency's portfolio of innovative technologies and military systems.
DARPA program managers and academic and private-sector project leaders demonstrated ongoing work on more than 60 DARPA programs. The event filled the Pentagon's center courtyard with demonstrations and examples of DARPA's game-changing technologies.
Pivotal Role in DoD's Science, Technology Community
For nearly six decades, DARPA has played a pivotal role in DoD's science and technology community and in the larger US technology ecosystem, to pursue challenging but potentially paradigm-shifting technologies in support of national security.
DARPA Demo Day highlighted agency programs at various stages of maturity, including:
— Some whose products are already being adopted by the military services and are making a difference for warfighters;
— Some that are advancing through the technological frontier that separates the seemingly impossible from the doable; and
— Some that are in the earliest phases of development, but whose potential to radically change the technological and security landscape is so great that they're already influencing the department's strategic thinking.
"DARPA Demo Day is our chance to demonstrate the collective energy that not only propels DARPA but also invigorates people across the wide community with which we work — defense companies large and small, commercial startups and major firms, universities, government agencies and labs, and our close partners across DoD," DARPA Director Arati Prabhakar said in a statement.
Indian American Prabhakar added, "It is a team that revels in the opportunity to attack pressing, nearly intractable problems — all in the context of public service."
Just as past investments in DARPA helped to secure the nation by repeatedly bending the arc of technological history, Prabhakar said. She added, "today's investments will give rise to capabilities that will protect the United States and project its interests for decades to come."
Range of Technologies and Scientific Domains
DARPA's commitment bolsters national security and encompasses an extraordinary range of technologies and scientific domains, according to the agency.
These include dimensional scales from the atomic to the celestial, time scales from attoseconds to decades, spectral scales from radio waves to infrared to gamma rays, and, in its most recently created technical office, biological scales from genes and proteins to neurons and organs to infectious diseases and global health.
DARPA Demo Day highlighted strategic investments in 10 categories spanning all of the agency's research focus areas:
— Air: Maintaining air superiority in contested environments through unmanned aerial systems, advanced hypersonics, improved human-machine collaboration, and supervised autonomy.
— Biology: Developing breakthrough technologies to outpace infectious diseases, accelerate progress in synthetic biology, and explore new neurotechnologies.
— Counterterrorism: Mitigating terrorists' capabilities through inventive reconnaissance, big-data analysis, and technologies that advance understanding of social behavior.
— Cyber: Protecting the data behind critical decisions through automated cyber-defense systems, hack-resistant software and networks, and real-time visualization of cyberspace.
— Ground Warfare: Exerting control on the ground through manned and unmanned systems that bolster squad-level capabilities such as reach, situational awareness and maneuverability.
— Maritime: Enhancing maritime agility in all conditions through unmanned surface and undersea systems, novel communications and positioning technologies, and distributed capabilities.
— Microsystems: Advancing communications, imaging, information processing and physical security through revolutionary microelectronic, microelectromechanical and photonic devices.
— Seeds of Surprise: Expanding the technological frontier by applying deep mathematics, inventing new chemistries, processes and materials, and harnessing quantum physics.
— Space: Asserting robust capabilities in space through robotics, new launch systems, and satellite architectures, and groundbreaking technologies for space situational awareness
— Spectrum: Assuring dominance of the electromagnetic spectrum in congested and contested environments through new materials and tools, faster chips, and smarter, more agile mobile networks
The event was one of the largest of its kind ever at the Pentagon in terms of breadth of research and types of organizations represented, and the number of senior US government officials and visitors attending.
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LEGO Dimensions Bringing Together Multiple Franchises Online and off
Action News Playstation 4 Videos Xbox One Family Playstation 3 Wii U Xbox 360 Warner Bros
Jamie Laike Tsui April 10, 2015 No Comments
The next of the five promised LEGO games in 2015 in probably the biggest yet. TT Games and Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment announced that the next chapter in the LEGO franchise will be LEGO Dimensions. The game will mix real life world brick building with console gaming. Gamers will be able to assemble objects and send them, along with their minifigures, into the game with the LEGO Toy Pad.
DC Domics, The Lord of the Rings, The LEGO Movie, The Wizard of Oz, LEGO Ninjago, and Back to the Future have be part of possibly the ultimate crossover. TT Games will be announcing more participating franchises in the coming months.
"LEGO Dimensions is unlike anything that we have ever done. It further extends the LEGO play experience into the digital world with all of the characters, humour and action of LEGO videogames now combined with the fun of LEGO minifigure and model building. We are thrilled to expand our partnership with TT Games to explore ways in which physical and digital LEGO play can merge in meaningful ways for children," said Niels Jørgensen, Vice President, Digital Games for the LEGO Group.
The LEGO Dimensions Starter Pack will be available for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Wii U in 2015. Level, Team, and Fun Packs will expand the universe and have planned releases throughout 2015 and 2015.
Jamie Laike Tsui
Geek, Gamer, Student, Foodie, Fountain Pen & Notebook Lover
Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes Out For Wii U
LEGO Ninjago: Nindroids out Today for the PS Vita and Nintendo 3DS


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Monitoring Winter Stress Vulnerability of High-Latitude Understory Vegetation Using Intraspecific Trait Variability and Remote Sensing Approaches
Ritz, Elmar; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Tømmervik, Hans
Artikkel (1.011Mb)
10.3390/s20072102
In this study, we focused on three species that have proven to be vulnerable to winter stress:
Empetrum nigrum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Hylocomium splendens. Our objective was to determine plant traits suitable for monitoring plant stress as well as trait shifts during spring. To this end, we used a combination of active and passive handheld normalized di erence vegetation index (NDVI) sensors, RGB indices derived from ordinary cameras, an optical chlorophyll and flavonol sensor (Dualex), and common plant traits that are sensitive to winter stress, i.e. height, specific leaf area
(SLA). Our results indicate that NDVI is a good predictor for plant stress, as it correlates well With height (r = 0.70, p < 0.001) and chlorophyll content (r = 0.63, p < 0.001). NDVI is also related to soil depth (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) as well as to plant stress levels based on observations in the field (r = �����0.60, p < 0.001). Flavonol content and SLA remained relatively stable during spring. Our results confirm a
multi-method approach using NDVI data from the Sentinel-2 satellite and active near-remote sensing devices to determine the contribution of understory vegetation to the total ecosystem greenness.
We identified low soil depth to be the major stressor for understory vegetation in the studied plots.
The RGB indices were good proxies to detect plant stress (e.g. Channel G%: r = �����0.77, p < 0.001) and showed high correlation with NDVI (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). Ordinary cameras and modified cameras with the infrared filter removed were found to perform equally well.
© 2020 by the authors.