text:
tntransparency
Tennessee Transparency Project
For Local Elected Officials
For Media / Journalists
What The Law Says / Open Meetings
Editorials For Publication
What The Law Says / Public Records
Grade Your Local Government
Ways You Can Participate in the Tennessee Transparency Project
What makes your participation important
Tennessee Open Meetings Act
TENNESSEE CODE ANNOTATED
*** CURRENT THROUGH THE 2009 SESSION ***
TITLE 8. PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
CHAPTER 44. PUBLIC MEETINGS
PART 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 8-44-101. Policy – Construction
§ 8-44-102. Open meetings – "Governing body" defined – "Meeting" defined
§ 8-44-103. Notice of public meetings
§ 8-44-104. Minutes recorded and open to public – Secret votes prohibited
§ 8-44-105. Action nullified – Exception
§ 8-44-106. Enforcement – Jurisdiction
§ 8-44-107. Board of directors of Performing Arts Center Management Corporation
§ 8-44-108. Participation by electronic or other means
§ 8-44-109. Electronic communication – Internet relay chat
§ 8-44-110 Repealer
§ 8-44-111 Open meetings – Development of educational program required — Materials
(a) The general assembly hereby declares it to be the policy of this state that the formation of public policy and decisions is public business and shall not be conducted in secret.
(b) This part shall not be construed to limit any of the rights and privileges contained in article I, § 19 of the Constitution of Tennessee.
HISTORY: Acts 1974, ch. 442, § § 1, 8; T.C.A., § 8-4401.
(a) All meetings of any governing body are declared to be public meetings open to the public at all times, except as provided by the Constitution of Tennessee.
(b)(1) "Governing body" means:
(A) The members of any public body which consists of two (2) or more members, with the authority to make decisions for or recommendations to a public body on policy or administration and also means a community action agency which administers community action programs under the provisions of 42 U.S.C. § 2790 [repealed]. Any governing body so defined by this section shall remain so defined, notwithstanding the fact that such governing body may have designated itself as a negotiation committee for collective bargaining purposes, and strategy sessions of a governing body under such circumstances shall be open to the public at all times;
(B) The board of directors of any nonprofit corporation which contracts with a state agency to receive community grant funds in consideration for rendering specified services to the public; provided, that community grant funds comprise at least thirty percent (30%) of the total annual income of such corporation. Except such meetings of the board of directors of such nonprofit corporation that are called solely to discuss matters involving confidential doctor-patient relationships, personnel matters or matters required to be kept confidential by federal or state law or by federal or state regulation shall not be covered under the provisions of this chapter, and no other matter shall be discussed at such meetings;
(C) The board of directors of any not-for-profit corporation authorized by the laws of Tennessee to act for the benefit or on behalf of any one (1) or more counties, cities, towns and local governments pursuant to the provisions of title 7, chapter 54 or 58. The provisions of this subdivision (b)(1)(C) shall not apply to any county with a metropolitan form of government and having a population of four hundred thousand (400,000) or more according to the 1980 federal census or any subsequent federal census;
(D) The board of directors of any nonprofit corporation which through contract or otherwise provides a metropolitan form of government having a population in excess of five hundred thousand (500,000) according to the 1990 federal census or any subsequent federal census with heat, steam or incineration of refuse;
(E)(i) The board of directors of any association or nonprofit corporation authorized by the laws of Tennessee that:
(a) Was established for the benefit of local government officials or counties, cities, towns or other local governments or as a municipal bond financing pool;
(b) Receives dues, service fees or any other income from local government officials or such local governments that constitute at least thirty percent (30%) of its total annual income; and
(c) Was authorized as of January 1, 1998, under state law to obtain coverage for its employees in the Tennessee consolidated retirement system.
(ii) The provisions of this subdivision (b)(1)(E) shall not be construed to require the disclosure of a trade secret or proprietary information held or used by an association or nonprofit corporation to which this chapter applies. In the event a trade secret or proprietary information is required to be discussed in an open meeting, the association or nonprofit corporation may conduct an executive session to discuss such trade secret or proprietary information; provided, that a notice of the executive session is included in the agenda for such meeting.
(iii) As used in this subdivision (b)(1)(E):
(a) "Proprietary information" means rating information, plans, or proposals; actuarial information; specifications for specific services provided; and any other similar commercial or financial information used in making or deliberating toward a decision by employees, agents or the board of directors of such association or corporation; and which
if known to a person or entity outside the association or corporation would give such person or entity an advantage or an opportunity to gain an advantage over the association or corporation when providing or bidding to provide the same or similar services to local governments; and
(b) "Trade secret" means the whole or any portion or phrase of any scientific or technical information, design, process, procedure, formula or improvement which is secret and of value. The trier of fact may infer a trade secret to be secret when the owner thereof takes measures to prevent it from becoming available to persons other than those selected by the owner to have access thereto for limited purposes;
2(2) "Meeting" means the convening of a governing body of a public body for which a quorum is required in order to make a decision or to deliberate toward a decision on any matter. "Meeting" does not include any on-site inspection of any project or program.
(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed as to require a chance meeting of two (2) or more members of a public body to be considered a public meeting. No such chance meetings, informal assemblages, or electronic communication shall be used to decide or deliberate public business in circumvention of the spirit or requirements of this part.
HISTORY: Acts 1974, ch. 442, § 2; 1979, ch. 411, §§ 1, 2; T.C.A., § 8-4402; Acts 1985, ch. 290, § 1, 2;
1986, ch. 594, § 1; 1988, ch. 908, §§ 3, 5; 1997, ch. 346, § 1; 1998, ch. 1102, §§ 1, 3.
(a) Notice of Regular Meetings. Any such governmental body which holds a meeting previously scheduled by statute, ordinance, or resolution shall give adequate public notice of such meeting.
(b) Notice of Special Meetings. Any such governmental body which holds a meeting not previously scheduled by statute, ordinance, or resolution, or for which notice is not already provided by law, shall give adequate public notice of such meeting.
(c) The notice requirements of this part are in addition to, and not in substitution of, any other notice required by law.
HISTORY: Acts 1974, ch. 442, § 3; T.C.A., § 8-4403.
(a) The minutes of a meeting of any such governmental body shall be promptly and fully recorded, shall be open to public inspection, and shall include, but not be limited to, a record of persons present, all motions, proposals and resolutions offered, the results of any votes taken, and a record of individual votes in the event of roll call.
(b) All votes of any such governmental body shall be by public vote or public ballot or public roll call. No secret votes, or secret ballots, or secret roll calls shall be allowed. As used in this chapter, "public vote" means a vote in which the "aye" faction vocally expresses its will in unison and in which the "nay" faction, subsequently, vocally expresses its will in unison.
HISTORY: Acts 1974, ch. 442, § 4; T.C.A., § 8-4404; Acts 1980, ch. 800, § 1.
Any action taken at a meeting in violation of this part shall be void and of no effect; provided, that this nullification of actions taken at such meetings shall not apply to any commitment, otherwise legal, affecting the public debt of the entity concerned.
(a) The circuit courts, chancery courts, and other courts which have equity jurisdiction, have jurisdiction to issue injunctions, impose penalties, and otherwise enforce the purposes of this part upon application of any citizen of this state.
3(b) In each suit brought under this part, the court shall file written findings of fact and conclusions of law and final judgments, which shall also be recorded in the minutes of the body involved.
(c) The court shall permanently enjoin any person adjudged by it in violation of this part from further violation of this part. Each separate occurrence of such meetings not held in accordance with this part constitutes a separate violation.
(d) The final judgment or decree in each suit shall state that the court retains jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter for a period of one (1) year from date of entry, and the court shall order the defendants to report in writing semiannually to the court of their compliance with this part.
The board of directors of the Tennessee Performing Arts Center Management Corporation shall be subject to, and shall in all respects comply with, all of the provisions made applicable to governing bodies by this chapter.
HISTORY: Acts 1981, ch. 375, § 1.
(a) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "Governing body" refers to boards, agencies and commissions of state government, including state debt issuers as defined in this section and municipal governing bodies. For the purpose of this section only, "municipal governing bodies" means only those municipal governing bodies organized under title 6, chapter 18, and having a city commission of three (3) members, and having a population of more than two thousand five hundred (2,500), according to the 2000 federal census or any subsequent federal census;
(2) "Meeting" has the same definition as defined in § 8-44-102;
(3) "Necessity" means that the matters to be considered by the governing body at that meeting require timely action by the body, that physical presence by a quorum of the members is not practical
within the period of time requiring action, and that participation by a quorum of the members by electronic or other means of communication is necessary; and
(4) "State debt issuers" means the Tennessee state funding board, Tennessee local development authority, Tennessee housing development agency, and Tennessee state school bond authority, and
any of their committees.
(b)(1) A governing body may, but is not required to, allow participation by electronic or other means of communication for the benefit of the public and the governing body in connection with any meeting authorized by law; provided, that a physical quorum is present at the location specified in the notice of the meeting as the location of the meeting.
(2) If a physical quorum is not present at the location of a meeting of a governing body, then in order for a quorum of members to participate by electronic or other means of communication, the governing body must make a determination that a necessity exists. Such determination, and a recitation of the facts and circumstances on which it was based, must be included in the minutes of the meeting.
4(3) If a physical quorum is not present at the location of a meeting of a governing body other than a state debt issuer, the governing body other than a state debt issuer must file such determination of necessity, including the recitation of the facts and circumstances on which it was based, with the office of secretary of state no later than two (2) working days after the meeting. The secretary of state shall report, no less than annually, to the general assembly as to the filings of the determinations of necessity.
(4) Nothing in this section shall prohibit a governing body from complying with § 8-44-109.
(c)(1) Any meeting held pursuant to the terms of this section shall comply with the requirements of the Open Meetings Law, codified in this part, and shall not circumvent the spirit or requirements of that law.
(2) Notices required by the Open Meetings Law, or any other notice required by law, shall state that the meeting will be conducted permitting participation by electronic or other means of communication.
(3) Each part of a meeting required to be open to the public shall be audible to the public at the location specified in the notice of the meeting as the location of the meeting. Each member participating electronically or otherwise must be able to simultaneously hear each other and speak to each other during the meeting. Any member participating in such fashion shall identify the persons
present in the location from which the member is participating.
(4) Any member of a governing body not physically present at a meeting shall be provided, before the meeting, with any documents that will be discussed at the meeting, with substantially the same content as those documents actually presented.
(5) All votes taken during a meeting held pursuant to the terms of this section shall be by roll call vote.
(6) A member participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting for purposes of voting, but not for purposes of determining per diem eligibility. However, a member may be reimbursed expenses of such electronic communication or other means of participation.
HISTORY: Acts 1990, ch. 815, § 1; 1999, ch. 490, § 1; 2005, ch. 82, § 1; 2008, ch. 923, § 1.
§ 8-44-111. Electronic communication; Internet relay chat
(a) A governing body may, but is not required to, allow electronic communication between members by means of a forum over the Internet only if the governing body:
(1) Insures that the forum through which the electronic communications are conducted is available to the public at all times other than that necessary for technical maintenance or unforeseen technical limitations;
(2) Provides adequate public notice of the governing body's intended use of such electronic communication forum;
(3) Controls who may communicate through the forum;
(4) Controls the archiving of the electronic communications to ensure that the electronic communications are publicly available for at least one (1) year after the date of the communication; provided, that access to the archived electronic communications is user-friendly for the public; and
(5) Provides reasonable access for members of the public to view the forum at the local public library, the building where the governing body meets, or other public building.
5(b) Electronic communications posted to a forum shall not substitute for decision making by the governing body in a meeting held in accordance with this part. Communications between members of a governing body posted to a forum complying with this section shall be deemed to be in compliance with the open meetings laws compiled in this part.
(c) Prior to a governing body initially utilizing a forum to allow electronic communications by its members which meets the requirements of this section, including the public notice required in subsection (a), the governing body shall file a plan with the office of open records counsel. The plan shall describe how the governing body will ensure compliance with subsection (a). Within thirty (30) days of receipt of the plan, the office of open records counsel shall acknowledge receipt of the plan and shall report whether or not the plan and the proposed actions comply with subsection (a). If the office determines that compliance with subsection (a) has not been met, the office shall provide written comments regarding the plan to the governing body. Until such time as the governing body complies with the written comments provided by the office and the office issues a report of compliance, the governing body shall not be allowed to establish or utilize such forum. This subsection shall not apply to any governing body which had established a forum pursuant to this section prior to the effective date of this act.
(d) No member participating in an electronic communication pursuant to this section is deemed to be eligible for per diem for such participation.
(e) As used in this section, "governing body" means the elected governing body of a county, city, metropolitan form of government, or school board.
HISTORY: Acts 2008, ch. 923, § 2; Acts 2009, ch. 175, § 2.
§ 8-44-110 Repealer (repealed)
§ 8-44-111. Open meetings – Development of educational program required — Materials
(a) The municipal technical advisory service (MTAS) for municipalities and the county technical assistance service (CTAS) for counties, in order to provide guidance and direction, shall develop a program for educating their respective public officials about the open meetings laws codified in this chapter, and how to remain in compliance with such laws.
(b) The Tennessee school board association shall develop a program for educating elected school board members about the open meetings laws and how to remain in compliance with such laws.
(c) The utility management review board shall develop a program for board members of water, wastewater and gas authorities created by private act or under the general law and of utility districts, in order to educate the board members about the open meetings laws and how to remain in compliance with such laws.
(d) The state emergency communications board created by § 7-86-302 shall develop a program for educating emergency communications district board members about the open meetings laws and how to remain in compliance with such laws.
(e) The office of open records counsel established in title 8, chapter 4, part 6 shall establish educational programs and materials regarding open meetings laws in this state, to be made available to the public and to public officials.
HISTORY: Acts 2008, ch. 1179, § 5.6
On the Tennessee Transparency Project
* Open Government Initiative
* TRANSPARENCY PROJECT OF GEORGIA
• FOI Coalition
• Proposed Legislation Tennessee General Assembly
• Public Records via Tennessee Comptroller: County Audits
• Public Records via Tennessee Comptroller: Municipal Audits
• Public Records via Tennessee Comptroller: Real Estate Aaaessments
• Records Request Form
• TCOG
• Tennessee Office of Open Records
• TN Sunshine Report Card
Follow Tennessee Transparency Project on WordPress.com


text:
Q: Spotify "Unexpected status: 400" when /api/token - Java When I make a HTTP POST request to Spotify Swap endpoint using Postman, the server is giving me a correct response containing a refresh token but I can't get the same response when hitting the endpoint using my Java app.
I made my Java app to generate the same request as the one generated through Postman when hitting directly the Spotify endpoint. When I listen to the TCP connection, I don't see any differences between both requests more than the auth code, that can't be reused.
The request using Postman with a_code looks like this:
    bash-3.2$ nc -l 127.0.0.1 1234
    POST /api/token HTTP/1.1
    Host: localhost:1234
    Connection: keep-alive
    Content-Length: 460
    Accept: */*
    Cache-Control: no-cache
    Origin: chrome-extension://fhbjgbiflinjbdggehcddcbncdddomop
    Authorization: Basic <base64 encoded client_id:client_secret>
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87 Safari/537.36
    Postman-Token: b089ac57-7dcd-f94a-f315-9f28f74ac9eb
    Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
    Accept-Language: en-GB,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6

code=a_code&grant_type=authorization_code&redirect_uri=my-spotifyoauth%3A%2F%2Fspotifylogincallback%2Ffree

The request using my Java app with another_code (UPDATE):
POST /api/token HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Basic <base64 encoded client_id:client_secret>
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: no-cache
Accept-Language: en-GB,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 460
Host: localhost:1234
User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.3.5 (java 1.5)

code=another_code&grant_type=authorization_code&redirect_uri=my-spotifyoauth%3A%2F%2Fspotifylogincallback%2Ffree

When I switch the endpoint from localhost:1234 to accounts.spotify.com, the non fake one, I get a 400 response from the server that I can´t figure out why.
POST https://accounts.spotify.com/api/token responded with status 400
> Accept-Encoding: gzip
< Server: nginx
< Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 17:08:34 GMT
< Content-Type: application/json
< Content-Length: 69
< Connection: keep-alive
< Keep-Alive: timeout=600
< {"error":"server_error","error_description":"Unexpected status: 400"}

Do you know why, even seeing the same request over TCP, the Spotify server response is different? How can I further debug this issue?
UPDATE: codes can't be reused, so they should different everytime a make a new request. My endpoint is invalidating any codes I'm sending through it. The second time I hit my endpoint using the same code I get the error: {"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"Invalid authorization code"}

A: I think the devil is in the details. The request above is definitely from Postman, seeing it has a Postman-Token header. If you instead post what your Java app sends to your netcat, we could figure it out.
I could recreate the request with curl using your example above and it worked for me, and I instead saw, the more descriptive error message:
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
{"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"Authorization code expired"}

That also means you need to throw away that account or change your client_secret, because you posted it to stackoverflow, but I guess you already know that.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Why has mood boarding not been a thing in my life? At the best of times I'm disorganised and indecisive, so to be able to put all my thoughts and inspirational ideas onto one page has been a revelation! One of my favourite subjects at school was Art, probably because I could experiment with pattern and colour (and the teacher was quite handsome...), but the one project that sticks out in my mind? Decorating my A1 sized plastic art folder with a montage of Take That and Westlife photos (I just googled stars of the 90s and where are they now, and now I feel OLD), yin yang stickers and the ubiquitous yellow smiley face. I was already mood boarding and I didn't know it!
As I've mentioned before, whilst we were looking for a house to buy, an absolute must and no compromises allowed, was a large kitchen diner. We were living in a house where the kitchen faced the street and I spent many an evening cooking and cleaning and not being able to see the kids playing (fighting) out in the garden, so a kitchen opening out onto the garden was also extremely important. I've always been quite a social person (read that as someone who likes to party and have a drink!), so I really wanted a social space that was free flowing and easy access to the fridge! I couldn't believe my luck when our house came up on the market, it had pretty much everything we had on our property list and a renovation project at that! Which meant we could put our own stamp on the property.
The kitchen was fabulous, it was a huge bright and airy space, with bi-fold doors opening out onto the garden. The only problem was that the work surfaces were made up of scaffolding boards and gave us less than 2 metres to cook, wash the dishes (the dishwasher was outside, that's another story!) and pour me Prosecco. It was screaming out for a whole new kitchen and my dream, an island! I wanted to make the whole room as versatile as could be, with a dining table and corner sofa, so when we had family and friends over, we could all socialise in one room. I think one of my first ever pins on Pinterest was this image of a shaker style kitchen. I loved the simple but stylish decor and the curved units definitely appealed to my Mum brain.
The original "dining room" part of the kitchen still had the chimney breast in with a working wood burner, but as we worked out the layout of how we wanted our kitchen to be, unfortunately the wood burner had to go. I had seen many pictures of beautiful farmhouse kitchens on Pinterest and I loved how some renovators had incorporated their oven into the chimney breast. I really wanted to make a feature out of this, so started looking at tiles to use as a splash back. I was going with white metro tiles, until I came across this picture and loved the use of pattern as a splash back! I was then googling patterned tiles until the early hours of the morning!
As for the colour scheme? I'm a firm believer in finding one piece, whether that be furniture, a cushion, a piece of art, or in my case, salt and pepper shakers to create the basis of colour for your room. When we first moved back to the UK from Saudi Arabia, we were put in a beautiful rented detached house in the country but had absolutely no furniture or accessories to fill it with, not even a knife and fork! We were given army furniture which consisted of a three piece suite that had probably belonged to the army since 1956 and was covered with the most hideous scratchy dark blue nylon material and a few Argos coffee and side tables. One afternoon The Mother and I made a mad dash to the local Asda superstore whilst Mr B stayed at home with the baby and we bought as many essentials as we could fit into the trolley. Think of it as a Supermarket Sweep without Dale and not a grocery in sight! 😊 I grabbed these salt and pepper shakers in haste, but I loved the colour of them so much, my whole kitchen colour scheme grew from these items.
They don't work - just for decorative purposes only!
And so, there we have it! My first venture into an Interior related mood board and I can seriously say I'm addicted! It really does help determine whether items will go together and to show other people what your design aspirations are, instead of trying to explain what you see in your head (and get frustrated, like I used to do, because why could no one else see my vision?!? 😊) Now, if I could just mood board a new wardrobe for Mr B, I'm winning at life!
Hastings - And the Battle to keep the kids happy!


Evan is a San Diego, California wedding and commercial photographer. Originally based on the East Coast Evan began his professional photography career as a freelance photojournalist. Working with local non-profit organizations, as well as international photo agencies.
After working as a freelance photojournalist Evan began bishophotography catering to couples interested in a true documentary approach to their wedding photography. Winning multiple international awards through the WPJA for his wedding photography Evan brings a true photojournalist's eye to every event that he photographs.
In addition to wedding photography, Evan's photographic passions include wildlife photography and fashion forward editorial photography. Evan is an active member of the Wedding Photojournalists Association, Wedding and Portrait Photographers International, and the National Press Photographers Association.
Evan is amazing!!! We were married at the Cambria Pines Lodge. He made sure to get to the venue early to scope out photo locations, since it was his first time in the area. He makes sure that he knows what you are looking for in your pictures. I wanted him to capture traditional photos, but more importantly capture the moments that I may have missed. This is his specialty!!! He is very flexible and so friendly. Evan is originally from San Diego and is looking to relocate to the central coast. We were so blessed he did this move because I am not sure we would have found his amazing talent. We went to a bridal EXPO and no other photographer would have been able to do what he did for us. It was a perfect match. Due to the distance, him in San Diego and me in Paso Robles, we were unable to meet prior to the wedding. This made me nervous because we weren't able to connect prior to the event, but let me tell you even without meeting face to face (we did speak over the phone several times), he knew exactly what I wanted and the pictures prove that! He is so sweet and laid back he is definitely there to enhance your day!! I would choose Evan Bishop Photography over and over again. His work is beautiful! Look at his work and trust him with your day. You won't be disappointed!!
During our wedding day, Evan found amazing locations at Balboa Park to incorporate into our shots...when we got our pictures back, we could not believe how incredibly creative some of the shots were! Exactly what we had asked for! Evan was so patient and fun - yet totally professional. We would HIGHLY recommend him for any wedding or event.
Evan was great on our wedding day (and prior to!). I was running late and he did his best to work within our already tight time frame. He was responsive and helpful and we received our disk of photos amazingly fast!
Evan is unbelievably amazing! His images are subtly striking. So easy to work with and will travel, Evan is great!
Evan Bishop is highly skilled in the art of photography.. San Diego is very lucky to have this photographer. He is creative, and has an eye for one of a kind details. My baltimore brides have always loved him, and rave about his work.
Working a Wedding with Evan Bishop is like having a trusted friend on site. He was professional, on-time, respectful of not only the timeline, but the client's last-minute changes to the day. He was nothing short of amazing.


text:
Published on January 19th, 2023 | by Adrian Gunning
LOKI FORGES A WEAPON THAT CURSES THE MARVEL UNIVERSE IN NEW SOLO COMIC SERIES!
This June, Loki will unleash his unique brand of mayhem on the Marvel Universe again as he takes center stage in a brand-new solo series! LOKI will be a four-issue limited series written by Dan Watters (Sword of Azrael, Arkham City) in his exciting Marvel Comics debut and drawn by acclaimed artist Germán Peralta (Black Panther, Maestro).
This exciting new chapter for the God of Stories will introduce a collection of ancient Norse weapons Loki crafted in his mischievous past. When they're scattered throughout the realms, including Nidavellir, Kree space, and Earth, Loki must track them down to prevent them falling into the wrong hands. Throughout this twisting journey, readers will see Loki go head-to-head with iconic Marvel villains, provoke Earth's Mightiest Heroes, and be forced to confront the dark truth that lies at his center.
"It's hard to say what a delight it is to be making my Marvel debut, even more so to be doing it with the God of Stories himself- taking him all the way around the Marvel Universe and back again," Watters shared. "I can't wait for all to see the beauty German's art is breathing into this tale we have to tell you, full of magic, danger – and if Loki can't help himself (he can't) – quite a smidge of mischief."
"Loki is one of the most interesting characters, not only in comics, but also in mythology, and his ambiguity in all aspects of his life makes him a very interesting character for an artist," Peralta said. "I always say that I really enjoy drawing villains, but Loki has everything. It was 'love at first sight' when I read the script. Dan is amazing, and I'm sure he's having a lot of fun with it too. I can't wait to draw Loki's expressions, since there are always double intentions with him, and it's going to be very entertaining to play with that, as well as everything related to his universe. Having the opportunity to draw Loki is undoubtedly a beautiful way to start the year. It's going to be a road full of challenges, but I'm sure it's going to be a great journey."
Check out a teaser image by Rod Reis that features some of Loki's most iconic incarnations and stay tuned for more news about what promises to be one of the most anticipated titles of 2023 in the coming weeks! For more information, visit Marvel.com.
Adrian Gunning Adrian lives in Melbourne Australia and has a huge passion for gaming, technology and pop culture. He recently finished his a Bachelor of Journalism and is currently focusing on games journalism. When not writing and playing video games, Adrian can be found in Comics 'R' Us debating the pros of the DC Universe and cons of the Marvel Universe.
DARK HORSE BOOKS PRESENTS: "LOST BOY" →
EVE WARLOCK MAKES HER DEBUT IN RON MARZ AND RON LIM'S WARLOCK: REBIRTH! →
SCARLET WITCH, STORM, AND MORE ARE SPOTLIGHTED ON THIS YEAR'S WOMEN'S HISTORY MONTH COVERS! →
CELEBRATE THE WONDERFUL HEROES OF STAR WARS IN PEACH MOMOKO'S WOMEN'S HISTORY MONTH VARIANT COVERS! →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: users session and mysql_query i'm trying to put user $_SESSION and mysql_query together, if you know what i mean,
example: $_SESSION($dn)['account_type'] == 1
is that posible to put $_SESSION and $dn together or is there other way to do this ?
<?php if(isset($_SESSION['username']) and ($_SESSION['username']==$dn['author'] or       $_SESSION($dn)['acc_type'] == 1)){
echo "test";
}
?>


text:
Blunt force trauma killed teenager on Ohio State Fair ride, coroner says
By JULIA JACOBO
An Ohio coroner has said that preliminary findings show 18-year-old Tyler Jarrell died of blunt force trauma after a ride he was on fell apart in mid-air at the state fair in Columbus this week.
Franklin County Coroner Anahi Ortiz told ABC News affiliate WSYX on Friday that Jarrell suffered head, trunk and lower extremity injuries when the Fire Ball malfunctioned at the Ohio State Fair on Wednesday night.
The man's father, Anthony Jarrell, told ABC News on Thursday, "He was loved and had a future, until the disaster at the Ohio fair. My question is who [is] responsible for not doing their job of inspecting the rides?"
According to The Associated Press, Jarrell's family has hired an attorney to possibly pursue a wrongful death lawsuit.
Seven people were also injured -- several critically -- and have been identified by authorities as Tamika Dunlap, 36; Russell Franks, 42; Keziah Lewis, 19; Jacob Andrews, 22; Jennifer Lambert, 18; and Abdihakim Hussein, 19. A 14-year-old boy was wounded but his name has not been publicly released.
As of Friday, two people remained in critical condition and two others were in serious condition, local hospitals announced in statements.
All rides at the Ohio State Fair were shut down "until the state has inspected each and every ride again and deemed them to be safe," fair officials wrote on social media Thursday.
The U.S. Marine Corps said Jarrell, of Columbus, enlisted with the Marines a week before his death and was scheduled to attend basic training in 2018.
"He wanted to be in the Infantry or serve as a combat engineer," the Marine Corps said. "Our heartfelt condolences go out to Tyler Jarrell's family and all of those affected by his loss. The Marines here are greatly saddened by this tragedy. We are truly proud to have known him as one of the brave few willing to step up and serve his country."
At a news conference Thursday morning, Ohio Gov. John Kasich called the incident a "nightmare," but still encouraged Ohioans to visit the fair.
"We will pull together and come through this, and we will have an even stronger fair as a result," Kasich said.
The governor said he would not speculate on the cause of the incident.
According to amusement ride operator Amusements of America, the Fire Ball swings riders 40 feet into the air while spinning them at 13 revolutions per minute.
"Our family-owned company is committed to working with state and local experts in trying to determine the cause of this tragic accident," Amusements of America said in a statement Thursday. "The ride was inspected by our staff as well as independent inspectors prior to opening at the Ohio State Fair. We are keeping those impacted by this tragic situation in our prayers and cooperating with those investigating this accident."
Robert Johnson, president of the Outdoor Amusement Business Association, said the incident happened despite inspections.
"The Fire Ball was being operated by one of the most respected and long established companies in our industry and was designed and manufactured by a leading international maker of amusement rides," Johnson said in a statement Thursday. "This incident took place despite multiple independent inspections of the ride and only a full and complete investigation can identify the issues or issues that led to this tragedy."
KMG International B.V., the Netherlands-based ride manufacturer, said the operators of the Fire Ball and similar rides are instructed to stop operations until further notice.
"Our deepest sympathies go out to all who were involved or affected by this tragic accident. We are currently gathering information on the accident and investigating the cause and circumstances of the accident," KMG International B.V. said in a statement Thursday.
Ohio State Highway Patrol investigators were at the scene of the deadly incident, which was reported at 7:24 p.m. Wednesday.
Julian Bellinger was waiting in line for the ride and witnessed the accident. He shared his video recording with ABC News.
"The people that were working it had pressed the emergency brake. And in the video you see it go up, and when it came back down, a piece had fell," Bellinger said in an interview Thursday on ABC News' "Good Morning America."
He said he then saw people fall out and he turned his head. "I couldn't watch it," he said.
"People were running away, crying," he continued. "You just don't expect to see stuff like that, especially at the fair."
David Daniels of the Ohio Department of Agriculture said the department inspects rides every day, adding that 11 rides at the fair did not open on Wednesday because they were not inspected. He said four rides were not operating because they did not meet the requirements of a mechanical test.
According to Kasich, the Fire Ball had been inspected multiple times by a third-party inspector.
The Ohio Department of Agriculture's chief inspector of amusement ride safety, Mike Vartorella, said inspectors have been present at the fair since last Wednesday. An inspection of the Fire Ball would include evaluating connections and hydraulics. Vartorella said the Fire Ball had been inspected three to four times over the previous two days.
Records show the Fire Ball ride was used in New Jersey several weeks ago.
After the deadly incident, similar rides across the country were shut down as a precaution.
The Monmouth County Fair in New Jersey immediately shut down a ride similar to the Ohio State Fair's Fire Ball after the incident, ABC station WABC in New York reported. A similar ride at the Orange County Fair in California was also shut down to undergo a re-inspection after the Ohio incident, ABC station KABC in Los Angeles said.
North American Midway Entertainment, which is not a provider of the Ohio State Fair rides, said in a statement Thursday that "due to the tragic incident ... we will keep all our Fire Ball rides closed until further notice from the manufacturer for precautionary safety measures."
The Indiana State Fairgrounds & Event Center also issued a statement, saying, "As the investigation into the cause of this accident continues, the Indiana State Fair and North American Midway Entertainment have made the decision to not operate the Fireball at the 2017 Indiana State Fair."
The Illinois Department of Labor said it is also suspending the operation of all rides similar to the Fire Ball until further notice.
A spokesperson from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) on Thursday told ABC News the agency had an investigator at the Ohio State Fair.
The CPSC said it is aware of 22 deaths associated with amusement attractions since 2010, including Wednesday's incident, but excluding water park and work-related fatalities.
The CPSC estimates there were 30,900 injuries "associated with amusement attractions" at emergency rooms in 2016 -- a 14.2 percent increase since 2013, which saw 27,054 such injuries.
ABC News' Alex Perez, Andy Fies, Jason Volack, Erin Dooley, Dominick Proto, Karma Allen, Matt Foster and Marcus Mewborn contributed to this report.
abc newsnational
Copyright © 2019 ABC News Internet Ventures.


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Home » Women's Basketball » Brendan Roose: Battle-tested Wolverines face toughest bout of adversity yet
Posted inWomen's Basketball
Brendan Roose: Battle-tested Wolverines face toughest bout of adversity yet
by Brendan Roose February 18, 2020 April 20, 2021
The Michigan women's basketball team is no stranger to adversity, especially when it comes to injuries.
First, senior forward Kayla Robbins tore her ACL Jan. 19. Then her replacement, sophomore guard Danielle Rauch, injured her hand before the Feb. 6 game against Purdue. For a Wolverines team that started the season with only 11 players on the roster, losing a starter and sixth player spelled doom.
Then came the apocalypse.
In the first quarter of Thursday's game against No. 19 Northwestern, where a win would have put Michigan in excellent position to make the NCAA Tournament, sophomore forward Naz Hillmon stayed down after diving for a loose ball and colliding with a Wildcat defender.
A silent Crisler Center crowd held its breath as the Wolverines' leading scorer walked to the bench, visibly experiencing pain near her right shoulder. With Hillmon limited to just 15 minutes, Michigan fell, 66-60.
Still, things could have gone much worse. Strong performances from senior guard Akienreh Johnson, sophomore guard Amy Dilk and junior forward Hailey Brown meant the Wolverines could hang tough until the end, despite sustaining a few more bumps and bruises throughout the game.
"I could see their fight. They were fighting like crazy," Michigan coach Kim Barnes Arico said. "(Johnson) was all over the place and selling out. On that last possession before (Johnson) went down, Amy stood in there and took a charge, we didn't get that call. You could see the way that they were fighting for each other and that's what we ask for them."
That fight disappeared at the Rutgers Athletic Center Sunday, where Michigan played its worst game all season in a 62-41 loss. The offense looked frozen from start to finish. Passes flew out of bounds. Nearly every shot either hit the rim or the outstretched hand of a Rutgers defender. Hillmon played, but she clearly wasn't 100 percent, tallying just five points. As a result, the Wolverines had just as many turnovers (15) as made field goals.
This bout of adversity felt nothing like what happened earlier in the season. In the first two games after Rauch's injury, Michigan squeaked by Purdue at home before beating Minnesota by 25 on the road. Both were quality opponents, too — like the Wolverines, they were still jockeying for spots in the NCAA Tournament. Michigan took an impossible situation and somehow kept playing just as well as it had before.
After those two games, the Wolverines looked unstoppable. Throughout the season, it had faced what felt like an unbreakable spell of adversity — from turnover problems, to bad losses, to heartbreaking injuries — and still competed with some of the Big Ten's top teams. Even after Thursday's loss to Northwestern, it looked like they weren't completely dead in the water.
"I just think it's the culture that's been created in our program," Barnes Arico said after that game. "Our kids have been really doing a great job of staying positive and trying to rally around the injured kids."
Michigan's season isn't over. We don't know much about the seriousness of Hillmon's injury, and Barnes Arico doesn't have a timeframe for when she'll be back to 100 percent. Maybe she'll be back at full strength on Wednesday and hang 25 on Illinois. Maybe she'll go to East Lansing on Sunday hungrier than ever and bury the Wolverines' rival for the second time this year.
But Sunday, Michigan finally found a problem that culture can't fix. Make no mistake, its ability to respond to adversity this season has been nothing short of tremendous. Very few teams start the season with just 11 players on the roster. Even fewer would be able to compete after losing two key players to injury.
None would be able to win after losing a Naz Hillmon.
Brendan Roose can be reached at rooseb@umich.edu or on Twitter @BrendanRoose.
Michigan gets everyone involved in win over Minnesota
SportsMonday: Follow Big Ten women's basketball before it's too late
Maddie Nolan's past road to recovery shapes her current role


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The 1 Thing About Content Marketing Only the Best Brands Get Right (Prime Example: Slash)
Content marketing is pull, not push. So is building a relationship with an influencer who can help tell your brand's story in an authentic way.
Once upon a time, popular musicians didn't need to do a lot of media. Jimmy Page (if you don't know the band he was in, shame on you) didn't do many interviews. Sure, he'd talk to an outlet like Rolling Stone... but even, then you got the sense he did so grudgingly.
Things have clearly changed. The explosion of new music -- and new outlets where people can listen to music -- means musicians do countless interviews, videos, podcasts... Even iconic artists see promoting their music as almost a full-time job.
Except for Slash, the Guns N' Roses guitarist who recently released a new album, Living the Dream, with Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators. (It's great.)
Do a quick search for interviews Slash has done. You'll find a few. But not many.
And you won't find him doing Carpool Karaoke. Or playing classroom Instruments on The Tonight Show. Or, well, doing basically anything not directly related to his music.
And, except when performing with his bands, he almost never plays guitar on camera.
So why did he recently appear in this video for the always excellent Ernie Ball Presents series? And why would he let Ernie Ball, the third-generation, family-owned company that makes guitar strings, guitars, pedals, and other accessories, film him for the first time in his private creative space?
Because artists -- or, really, just about all of us -- are much more willing to open themselves up when the project, the theme, or the "ask" is core to a genuine passion.
It's hard to create innovative content that attracts an audience, tells the story of a brand, and helps an audience connect with that brand and its products.
Of course, that's the essence of content marketing.
That's why doing content marketing right is really hard.
And that's why why getting influential people to genuinely, wholeheartedly support a brand can be really hard.
Unless the brand first supports those people -- not by trying to ride the latest trend or dream up an unusual (read hopefully "viral") way to capture the attention of a mass audience, but by highlighting what truly makes that person great.
Pretend I'm a great musician. Want me to participate in a wacky stunt in a NYC subway? I probably won't.
Ask me to talk about something I truly care about, that I genuinely believe in, that helps define who I am... that makes me tick?
I'm there.
Advertising means creating content you (desperately) want people to see; it's push. Content marketing is pull: Content marketing means creating content people want to see -- and will actively seek out on their own.
The same principle applies to partnering and working with influential people. If you have something you want them to say or do, you have to convince them. If you allow them to say or do what they want to do, they don't have to be convinced.
Build a relationship with Slash and he might openly share how a guitar is a tool and a conduit for expressing himself on an emotional level. He might discuss his influences. He might talk about what inspires him creatively.
Why? Because music matters to him. It's important to him. It's a lifestyle.
It's who he is.
The same is true for everyone who see themselves as musicians. There's a culture and an ethos that helps define how they see themselves.
Which, on a broader level, is what connects, in a genuine and authentic way, people to any brand.
And is what great content marketing does better than any other form of marketing.
Want an influential person to to help tell your brand's story? First develop a relationship.
Then see your "ask" as a pull, not a push. Make your content core to who that person really is.
That's how you genuinely connect with that person -- and with your audience.


Improve corporate philanthropy ROI by personalizing giving for your business, employees, and stakeholders. Givinga's Flexible Giving accounts empower employees to own their individual giving strategy while streamlining processes to reduce your administrative burden.
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A centralized corporate account to make charitable contributions, receive immediate consolidated tax benefits, fund employee accounts and activities, and direct grants.
Give employees advisory access to the Corporate Flexible Giving Account while retaining control and oversight of the assets.
Empower employees to create their own giving accounts and choose the charities they benefit. Unlike traditional corporate giving, Givinga's Flexible Employee Giving Accounts aren't limited by your corporate account or organization-wide giving strategy.
Encourage employees to augment their giving by soliciting donations from other organizations, creating crowdfunding campaigns, or spearheading other fundraisers.
Flexible Giving Accounts simplify corporate philanthropy processes and encourage employees to participate - all so you can improve your ROI.
See how Flexible Giving Accounts could make your program more effective.


Thanks lovefordance and alikhater007 !!
Thank you Adarshgkl ! Glad you like it !!
Thanks, Gracias, Merci Paoly !!
Muchas gracias Toxico ! un abrazo !
Thanks for this latina nuclear bomba de navidad!
Thank you djsailor Feliz Navidad !!
Thank you leeboysextoy Merry Christmas and a happy new year !!!
Thank you adyt Merry Christmas and a happy new year !!!
Thanks Zawora - happy new year !!
I love the start very nice music.
Thank you Joelah! Happy New Year !!
Gracias a ti djavalon !!
Thank you Mikeser and Reyes !!
Thank you IVANHOE Have a great week-end!!
Thank you Ron Damon !!


Despite some ornery caretakers, Shea Stadium is the ultimate old friend to a Mets fan. Every year you go a minimum of six months without having seen him, yet the second you lay eyes on him, it's like you never spent a winter's second apart.
Yup on all three, especially Ralph Kiner, now in his 46th season of handling a radio-TV assignment.


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Pieni tietosanakirja ("The Small Encyclopedia") (1925-1928), published by Otava in four volumes, was the second Finnish-language encyclopedia. It followed the earlier, eleven-volume Tietosanakirja.

Being published more than 70 years ago, Project Runeberg considers the original edition of Pieni tietosanakirja to be in the public domain, though this interpretation is contested by the letter of the relevant law.

Otava also released two updated versions of the book, the first in 1952, the second in 1958–1959, both in four volumes.

References

External links

Pieni tietosanakirja at Project Runeberg.

Finnish-language encyclopedias
Finnish non-fiction books
1925 non-fiction books
Otava (publisher) books
20th-century encyclopedias
Finnish encyclopedias

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Place 4 screws in the plastic shell with 4 holes.
Place the usb2isa-x3 / ssi2-isa-x3 card holes for attaching in the screws and fasten with nuts.
Plug the ISA cards in the slot of the usb2isa-x3 / si2-isa-x3 card.
Place the cover of the box - depending on the height of the ISA cards, and fix the cover with 4 screws to the shell. Fix the metal brackets of the ISA cards to the cover - directly or with the plastic spacers.
The usb2isa-x3 / ssi2isa-x3 and the ISA cards are ready for use - place in a horizontal or vertical position as desired.


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The family of the 40-year-old woman who was pushed in front of NYC subway train says they're 'in a state of shock'
"Her life was taken too soon in a senseless act of violence, and we pray that she gets the justice she deserves," the family said in a statement.
A 61-year-old man was arrested and charged with murder after turning himself in to police for pushing an Asian woman in front of an oncoming subway train, authorities said
The suspect was identified as 61-year-old Simon Martial. He was charged with second-degree murder, according to reports.
I tried all 4 of Subway's breakfast sandwiches, and there's only one I'd consider ordering again
I bought all four morning meals from the famous fast-food sub chain and ranked them from worst to best based on overall value and taste.
Every difference between US and Japan Subway
From portion sizes to exclusives, we got Subway in Japan and the US to find out the big differences between the two.
I ordered the same meal from Subway and Potbelly Sandwich Shop, and one sandwich was larger with way more sauce
In honor of National Sandwich Day, an Insider reporter tried turkey sandwiches from two sandwich chains to determine which one was better.
I tried all of the basic sandwiches at Subway and ranked them from worst to best
I tasted 12 6-inch sandwiches from the chain and compared them to find the best one. Here's how everything from meatball to classic turkey stacked up.
Watch footage of heavy rain flooding subway stations and highways in New York City
Heavy rains caused serious flash floods in parts of New York City with subway stations and roads under water in Manhattan and the Bronx.
Celebrity 2021-06-22T21:36:30Z
Meryl Streep got a NYC subway stop 'renamed' for her in honor of her 72nd birthday
For Streep's birthday on June 22, two New York City artists cleverly altered subway signs to honor the acting legend.
An Ohio teen faces multiple charges after police arrested him for carrying an AK-47 throughout a Times Square subway station
The teen was identified as 18-year-old Saadiq Teague. Police said Teague's father was fatally shot during a police pursuit in Columbus, Ohio last month.
All the differences between US and UK fast food portion sizes
We found some of the biggest and most surprising portion size differences between US and UK fast food.
THEN AND NOW: How famous fast-food logos have changed over time
Burger King just announced plans to revamp its logo, which looks eerily similar to one the chain used from 1969 until 1999.
Every difference between UK and US Subway including portion sizes, calories, and exclusive items
From calorie count to portion sizes, we compared everything on the UK and US Subway menus to find out the big differences between the two.
Tokyo's subway system is one of the best in the world. Here's what it's like to ride it.
I rode the subway in Tokyo, Japan, and it's much better than New York City's system. Here's how it's clean, efficient, and easy to navigate.
Culture 2020-05-15T13:58:20Z
The prank TikToker who dumped a crate of milk and cereal in the NYC subway apologized, but immediately proceeded to post a racist video
In his apology video, the TikToker read the "50 most hateful" comments he received on the video, promising viewers that he was absorbing the feedback.
A prank TikToker dumped a crate full of milk and cereal on an NYC subway in the middle of the pandemic, and now he's facing backlash
New York's transit authority called the video "despicable" and "a new low," and commenters online condemned the prank.
An NYC man tried to forcibly remove Asian-American nurse from the subway, police say
He made anti-Asian statements and tried to remove the nurse from the train by grabbing his wrist and shoulder, police said.
New York's subway employees are cleaning around homeless people because they were told not to 'engage with someone who isn't interested in moving'
Interim Transit President Sarah Feinberg said MTA employees can't ask anyone to move from their seats without police or city intervention.
A Twitter user went viral for posting his DMs with Subway, which he called his 'therapist'
After a Twitter user posted a photo of his DMs with Subway, joking that the chain was his "therapist," others joined in to share similar interactions.
Before-and-after photos show how the coronavirus has left some of the world's busiest train stations looking like ghost towns
Train stations around the world have been left empty as people work from home and avoid travel amid the coronavirus pandemic.
The creator of a shocking subway-pole-licking video says he used a fake tongue and doesn't want to spread the coronavirus
The YouTuber known as Princezee talked to Insider about a video he posted on Instagram of his appearing to lick a subway pole amid a pandemic.


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Entry from January 20, 2017
"Roses are red, violets are blue-ish. If it weren't for Christmas, we'd all be Jewish"
A Christmas version of the "Roses are red" poem is:
"Roses are red, violets are blue-ish. If it weren't for Christmas we'd all be Jewish."
The poem has been cited in print since at least 1962.
23 December 1962, Eugene (OR) Register-Guard, "Out the Other" by Don Bishoff, pg. B1, col. 2:
ARCHIE WEINSTEIN, a local-type merchant of the Jewish faith, has been having fun with his Christian friends for the last couple of Christmases. Last year he sent out Christmas cards with the verse:
"Roses are reddish,
Violets are blueish,
If it weren't for Christmas
We'd all be Jewish."
11 December 1963, The News-Herald (Mansfield, OH), "Christmas no joke, card vendors find" by Jerry Duhigg, pg. 11, col. 4:
AT THE CURIOSITY SHOPPE in the Great Lakes Mall—"Roses are red, violets are bluish. If it wasn't for Christmas...We'd all be Jewish. Happy holidays!"
17 December 1964, Orlando (FL) Sentinel, "Brevard Beacon" by Dick Young, pg. 4-A, col. 5:
THEY'RE HITTING the comedy road hard this time. "Roses are red, violets are bluish, if it wasn't for Christmas, we'd all be Jewish," goes one little ditty.
7 April 1966, Jewish Advocate (Boston, MA), "Barney Glazer's Hollywood Hotline," sec. 2, pg. 7, col. 7:
On opening night, Miss (Vivien - -ed.) Leigh received the following from an admirer. "Roses are red, violets are blueish; it took Mr. Chekhov to make you Jewish."
25 May 1967, Los Angeles (CA) Times, "The Graffiti Game—Popular Form of Scribbling on Walls" by Joyce Haber, pt. 5, pg. 5, col. 3:
Violets are bluish.
If it weren't for X-mas
16 December 1967, Los Angeles (CA) Times, "Southland Parish" by Dan L. Thrapp, pg. 3, pg. 9, col. 1:
But what really got them was a jingle chalked on the blackboard:
Roses are reddish
Violets are bluish
If there were no Chfristmas
All would be Jewish!
P.S. Your Not Listening
By Eleanor Craig
New York, NY: R.W. Baron
"Roses are red, Violets are bluish. If it wasn't for Christmas, We'd all be Jewish."
The Taste of Yiddish:
A Warm and Humorous Guide to a Fascinating Language
By Lillian Mermin Feinsilver
South Brunswick, NJ: A. S. Barnes
On a somewhat higher level is the English jingle: "Roses are reddish, /Violets are bluish,/If it weren't for Christmas,/We'd all be Jewish."
An Olive Branch on the Family Tree
By Bahā Abū-Laban
Toronto, ON: McClelland & Stewart
"Roses are red. Violets are bluish. If it weren't for Christmas, we'd all be Jewish."
Has God Rejected His People?:
Anti-Judaism in the Christian Church
By Clark M. Williamson
Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press
Pg. 34:
Violets are blueish.
If it weren't for Jesus,
A Treasury of American-Jewish Folklore
By Steve Koppman and Lionel Koppman
Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc.
Violets are blue-ish
If it weren't for the goyim
Jesus -
A Portrait
By Gerald O'Collins
London: Andrews UK Limited
Pg. ?:
Roses are reddish, and violets are blueish.
If it wasn't for Christmas, we would all be Jewish.
Rabbi Lionel Blue
Other, Please Specify:
Notes from an Off-white American
By Paul Hawkins
Lulu Publishing (Lulu.com)
And what about the famous poem:
Roses are redish,
If it wasn't for Jesus,
We'd all still be Jewish.
Reddit—Jokes
Roses are red....
submitted January 20, 2017 by jedwards999
Violets are blue-ish,
If it weren't for Christmas, we'd all be Jewish!
New York City • Holidays/Events/Parades • Friday, January 20, 2017 • Permalink


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Copper Country News
How To Guide Globe
Marcus Jake Teague, Jr.
Marcus Jake Teague Jr., 65 of Globe, Ariz., was born September 12, 1954 in Globe, Ariz. Passed away May 1, 2020 in Globe, Ariz.
Mark lived most of his life in Globe. He loved sports. He played baseball starting with Little League, Babe Ruth and in Jr/Sr High School. Mark started playing football as a freshman linebacker and running back. He was a Varsity defense halfback, quarterback and Team Captain. He was on the wrestling team his Junior/Senior years. Played basketball his Freshman and Sophomore years.
As an adult he played on several men's baseball/football leagues. He was also a team roper for a time.
Mark worked for several Copper Mines and Construction companies. In 1983 he went to work for the Globe Police Department as a dispatcher while attending the academy to become a police officer. He served as a Globe Police officer and Detective until he retired in 2006. Shortly after retiring from the Globe Police Department, Marcus went to work for the Gila County Sheriff's Office, retiring from there in 2019.
Marcus was preceded in death by his first born son Craig Tyson Teague, Father Marcus Jake Teague Sr., Mother Patsy Parson Teague and sister Debbie Teague.
Marcus is survived by his brother Leo Teague (Vickie), daughter Wendy Teague, son Brett Teague, grandchildren Devon Gladen and Abby Gladen.
Marcus will be greatly missed by his family and many friends.
Graveside services will be held Sunday May 17, 2020 at 10 a.m. at the Central Heights Cemetery.
298 N. Pine St Globe AZ 85501


Are Older Insured's Doomed to Pay More?
Why is the Cost of Insurance suddenly rising?! Is there anything that insureds can do? For decades, carriers explicitly said that COI increases were unthinkable. In this article, the author identifies the reasons given by four carriers for COI increases and looks at what some other carriers have done to mitigate COI increases. This is particularly important for older business owners seeking liquidity.
One of the challenges all professionals (including life insurance agents) face is explaining the moving parts of a life insurance contract to clients. Indexed Universal Life, Current Assumption Universal Life, Whole Life, and Variable Life constitute the majority of all permanent (non-term) life insurance sales. Each of these relies on projected costs of insurance (COI) as a key determinate of their pricing model. In fact, even Guaranteed Universal Life contracts contain a projected mortality component, it's just baked into the carrier's side of the risk equation.
In "unbundled" products, such as Indexed Universal Life, the gross cost of mortality is determined by subtracting the cash value from the death benefit and multiplying by the monthly projected COI. With Whole Life, the mortality component is bundled into the dividend projection and is often an expression of the profitability of the block of business. Meaning, if a carrier experiences worse than expected mortality results, the costs may be passed along to the consumer either in the form of an explicit increase in the monthly deductions, or in the form of a reduced dividend. Either will cause the contract to require additional premiums to maintain the coverage to the anticipated end date.
Over time, life insurance professionals have become accustomed to explaining to clients that carriers increase the COI at their own risk, since new sales would be hard to achieve if the buying public perceives this behavior as "bait and switch". And, until 2015 the instances of carriers raising the COI rates were extremely few and very far between.
Not anymore! This year four carriers (so far) have announced increases in COI rates which affect a varying degree of their customer base. Those carriers are William Penn/Banner, Transamerica, Voya, and AXA. If you were aware that all are foreign owned carriers, you might assume that this is the common thread. On the surface this may appear to be a response to Solvency II, the new reserve requirements for European banks. But meetings with these carriers tell a different story.
William Penn/Banner told us their permanent business was unprofitable due to low interest rates and poor mortality experience. They decided the only way to increase profitability was to increase mortality costs across the board. All permanent policyholders are affected by this change and should be advised to request an in-force illustration as soon as possible.
Transamerica increased mortality costs for a substantial block of older policies written in the late 90's. Again, this was to make the block of business more profitable. Due to the fallout from this announcement, Transamerica has instituted a rule that all in-force illustrations for these products must be illustrated at the guaranteed mortality rate. This will have a huge impact on affected policyholders and should be addressed immediately, if possible.
Voya has not responded to our questions asking they identify the specific block of their policies that have been affected by their rate increase. When we questioned our regional VP, the response was they have notified the affected policyholders but were not prepared to disclose to their distribution partners the scope of the increase.
AXA recently increased COI rates for a block of 1,600 policies they determined had particularly bad mortality experience. Upon further questioning, officials from AXA pointed out that these policies were selected based on their pattern of premium payments (i.e., the policies in question are those for which the owners are paying pure cost of insurance rates instead of the full planned premium). Since paying the minimum premium to maintain the policy is a perfectly legitimate way of maintaining a policy, this would seem to be a direct swipe at life settlement buyers, where this method of premium management is common. AXA's representative would neither confirm nor deny this.
The common thread among the cost increases implemented by these carriers is that the people most affected are age 70 and older. This is because the most expensive cost of insurance rates occur as insureds approach or surpass expected mortality. Adding to the pain, interest rates which are the root of the problem, have been stubbornly low, compounding the funding issue for insureds who cannot change coverage.
As advisors we should all be shocked at the cavalier attitude these carriers seem to have taken towards an issue that adversely affects so many older insureds. For decades we have been explicitly told by these carriers that COI increases are unthinkable. Think again. And, there is nothing stopping other carriers from following suit now that these carriers are taking the brunt of the public relations pain.
This is not to say all carriers operate with the same callous attitude towards their clients. At John Hancock this issue was dealt with in 2008-2009 by taking a huge write-down that affected shareholders, not clients. Since then John Hancock has been a prolific innovator with products and services designed to manage both interest and mortality risk. The latest evidence of which is a reduction in COI to policyholders of their Protector series of policies. Proving that carriers can succeed by putting their clients' needs ahead of shareholders when necessary.
This unprecedented pattern of events requires action from the advisor community. If you advise clients who own life insurance policies issued by the carriers named above, you should consider contacting them to encourage them to obtain updated policy information. A full policy audit is highly recommended as it will not only identify the issues, but offer potential solutions. If your clients are unable to change coverage due to health issues, you need to work with them to find other solutions such as reducing the face amount or surrendering paid-up dividend additions.
The one thing clients should NOT do is ignore this problem. Helping them get out ahead of this issue now shows your clients why they value your advice. Now, more than ever before, we all need to recommend that our clients have policies audited regularly. We can no longer trust that someone else will do the right thing.
Gary DeVicci, MSFS, CFP, heads CPI Companies' planning team, with responsibility for the suitability elements of their PolicyAudits.com services. PolicyAudits.com is designed to help policyholders save money and improve their benefits or guarantees. It is independently operated on behalf of the policyholder; it is not allied with any life insurance company. Mr. DeVicci can be reached at (856) 874-1250 or e-mail to garyd@cpicompanies.com.


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Hale-Polin-Robinson Funeral Home
Plant a Tree for Mary
Mary Theresa (Luckett) Wheatley
January 7, 1930 ~ December 19, 2022 (age 92) 92 Years Old
Read more about the life story of Mary and share your memory.
Mary Theresa Luckett Wheatley age 92, a resident of Cooper Trail Senior Living in Bardstown and formerly of Fredericktown, died at 2:39 pm Monday, December 19, 2022 at Flaget Memorial Hospital in Bardstown.
Born January 7, 1930 in Marion County, she was preceded in death by her parents, Thomas and Cora Shelton Luckett, her husband, Joseph Earl Wheatley, December 2, 2017, a brother, Buford Luckett and two sisters, Margaret Mary Benningfield and Mayola Parker.
She was a homemaker and a member of Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Fredericktown.
She is survived by two sons, Kevin Wheatley of Lawrenceburg and Mark Wheatley of Springfield, five daughters, Pam (Steve) Hill, Mary Jo "Gene" Nalley and Fran (Scott) Thompson all of Bardstown, Angela (Ricky) Elder of Mooresville, Indiana and Marsha (Wayne) Mattingly of Celina, Texas, 11 grandchildren and 14 great grandchildren also survive.
Funeral mass for Mary Theresa Luckett Wheatley will be conducted at 11:00 am Thursday, December 22, 2022 at Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Fredericktown with Rev. Terry Bradshaw officiating. Burial will be in St. Rose Cemetery.
Pallbearers will be Ryan Hill, Richard Elder, Aaron and Joseph Thompson, Trent, Evan and Chase Mattingly.
A prayer service will be held at 5:00 pm Wednesday at Hale-Polin-Robinson Funeral Home where friends may call from 3:00 till 8:00 pm Wednesday and again from 7:00 am till 10:00 am Thursday morning.
Hale-Polin-Robinson Funeral Home is entrusted with arrangements.
To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of Mary Theresa (Luckett) Wheatley, please visit our floral store.
Springfield, KY 40069
Holy Trinity Catholic Church
306 Fredericktown Road
St. Rose Catholic Church Cemetery
868 Loretto Rd
Mary Wheatley
© 2023 Hale-Polin-Robinson Funeral Home. All Rights Reserved. Funeral Home website by CFS & TA | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility


The HSW-GP is characterised by the use of MANET single-point fixings in combination with a standard track rail. The system's high-quality stainless steel components and flush-mounted single-point fixings perfectly match the demands of modern architecture.
Max. panel width 1100 mm.


Having previously mentioned the National Atheist Party on this blog, I felt I should let you know that allegations of voter fraud have surfaced concerning this organization, now calling themselves the Secular Party of America (Update: link no longer active). In fact, the allegations appear to center around the group's recent name change.
According to Lee Moore (A-News Reports), two individuals previously involved with the organization have come forward to report that the vote by members to approve the requested name change was manipulated. The allegations involve the use of fake email addresses to vote in favor of the name change to make sure it would pass. Moore posted what appear to be messages between the parties involved and a screenshot of what are described as fake email addresses.
I will be interested to see how the Secular Party of America responds to the allegations reported by Moore. Should you see a response from them before I do, please share a link to it in the comments section, and I will be sure to update this post to include it.
Update: It sounds like there may have already been a couple of resignations prompted by Lee's report. This has now been confirmed in a statement released by the Executive Board of the Secular Party of America. And here's a second statement from the Executive Board (Update: links no longer active).


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Enjoy this brand-new bubble shooter game filled with fun! New enjoyable power-ups at almost every level!
Rainbow Trail is a truly innovative puzzle game that upsets the foundation of the old bubble-shoot genre by creating a gameplay that has never been so smooth, dynamic and explosive at the same time. You will be engaged in calculating the trajectories of your comets, trying to make them collide with as much energies as possible to create devastating combos, which are essential to complete each of the 48 game levels.
To enrich the gaming experience there are many bonus items such as super bombs, laser beams, comets duplicators, screen-freezing ice sheets and many more... but you should pay attention to the trajectories of your comets! Some items may have very unpleasant effects when hit!
* Universal App: runs in HD on iPad and Retina Display devices.
* A truly innovative bubble shooter game with physics-based gameplay.
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* 48 unique levels and 6 different worlds!
* Many power-ups and special items.
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Won't open on the iPad.


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ESADE Business School partners with Aalto University Executive Education to explore innovation and entrepreneurship in Asia
Photo: Dr. Mikko Laukkanen, Aalto EE (on the left), moderated a panel discussion on innovation in the event in Singapore. Participants in the panel were Sami Salokangas, Aalto EE alumnus from DHL; Samson Lee, ESADE alumnus from Nomura Research Institute and Prof. Wim Vanhaverbeke from ESADE.
The new program combines the strengths of two leading business schools to create a one-of-a-kind MBA for managers who have a special interest in Asia-Europe business relations
The program includes eight intensive weeks in Singapore, Vietnam, Helsinki and Barcelona and introduces the design thinking methodology among other innovative approaches.
ESADE and Aalto University have teamed up to create the Aalto-ESADE MBA for Executives. The new program combines the entrepreneurial spirit of ESADE with Aalto Universitys passion for innovation and will offer participants a chance to discover the Asian innovation market during stays in various Asian cities.
The program was officially presented 5 April, 2017 at Aalto University Executive Education in Singapore during the Aalto-ESADE event Organizing for Innovation in the 21st Century. Event participants included Iván Bofarull, Director of Global Insights & Strategic Initiatives at ESADE Business School, Mikko Laukkanen, Academic Director at Aalto University Executive Education and Sami Salokangas, Vice President, Regional Sector Engineering & Manufacturing Asia Pacific at DHL.
Todays organizations are increasingly global and they need executives with the competencies to adapt to a constantly changing environment and lead multidisciplinary and multicultural teams, said Jordi Brunat, Executive Education Managing Director at ESADE. This new Masters program will allow participants to acquire a more global profile and to increase their performance in international firms, as well as their ability to manage global teams. It will also provide a high-added-value experience for executives, most of whom are expected to come from the Americas, Europe and Asia, he added.
According to the Group Managing Director Dr. Pekka Mattila from Aalto EE, the Aalto-ESADE MBA for Executives combines the strengths of two leading business schools to create a distinctive MBA program for high potential executives. He also explained that the programmes format and the groups cultural diversity will make it an immersive and intensive experience. Design thinking approach and entrepreneurial take on the themes will help the participants to spot emerging business opportunities both in Europe and Asia.
Photo: Director Iván Bofarull, Global Insights & Strategic Initiatives, ESADE open the event in Singapore.
Uniting continents through innovation
The Aalto-ESADE MBA for Executives will start in December. It will focus primarily on innovation and entrepreneurship and will introduce the design thinking methodology as a way to approach challenges. The program is targeted at managers with more than ten years of experience who are interested in taking the next step in their international career and have a special interest in Asia-Europe business relations.
The program will run from December 2017 to June 2019 and includes eight intensive weeks held in strategic locations with peers and expert faculty at the sponsoring institutions international campuses. Students will spend four weeks in Asia (three in Singapore and one in Vietnam) and four in Europe (one in Helsinki and three in Barcelona). The program in these intensive modules will focus on global business, strategy and innovation, organization and leadership.
Double degree from two top schools
The new program was developed under the cooperation agreement signed by the two institutions in January 2015 with a view to expanding their training offer and supporting entrepreneurs and executives interested in leveraging design and technology to create innovative new business opportunities.
ESADE Media Relations
Francina Ribes
francina.ribes@esade.edu
Aalto University Executive Education, Media Relations
Kati Kiviniemi
Telephone: +358 10 837 3842
kati.kiviniemi@aaltoee.fi
About Aalto University Executive Education
Aalto University was established in 2010 as a result of the merger of three Finnish academic institutions: the Helsinki School of Economics, the Helsinki University of Technology and the University of Art and Design Helsinki.
As a part of Aalto University, Aalto University Executive Education Ltd offers thought-provoking leadership development services (Aalto EE). Aalto University brings to our offering a multidisciplinary approach together with innovative learning methods; this provides a unique combination of practical expertise with the latest research.
Aalto University Executive Educations strengths lie in its global operating model and diverse offering. In addition to Finland and Singapore, Aalto University Executive Education offers education programs in China, Indonesia, Iran, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, Vietnam and the Baltic countries. As part of Aalto University, it holds three respected business university accreditations – AACSB, AMBA, and EQUIS – which places it among the top 0.5% of institutions in the world.
www.aaltoee.com
About ESADE and ESADE Alumni
Founded in 1958, ESADE Business and Law School has campuses in Barcelona and Madrid and a presence in São Paulo, Lima, Mexico City, Bogotá, Santiago and Buenos Aires. It has partnership agreements with more than 100 universities and business schools worldwide. Each year, more than 11,000 students participate in its programmes (MBA and Executive Education, as well as bachelors and masters degree programmes in business administration and law).
ESADE Alumni, the schools alumni association, is 60,000 members strong, including more than 17,500 members in management positions at enterprises around the globe. Through its 72 professional groups, the association promotes continuing education, professional development and entrepreneurship. The network includes members of 126 different nationalities located in more than 100 countries around the world, and it has been organising the project Alumni Giving Back since 2006 – the first of its kind in Europe – through which more than 1,500 alumni have voluntarily contributed their talent, experience and management skills to 200 third-sector companies. Additionally, the associations investors network, ESADE BAN, was named the countrys best business angels network by the Spanish Business Angels Association.
ESADE Business School also participates in the ESADECREAPOLIS business park, a pioneering innovation centre that brings together academia and the world of business. With a clear international orientation, ESADE is consistently ranked among the worlds top business schools by the leading rankings (Financial Times, Bloomberg BusinessWeek, The Economist and América Economía). ESADE is a member of Ramon Llull University.
www.esade.edu


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Born September 13, 1941, in Osaka, Japan; married Yumikio.
Addresses: Office —Tadao Ando Architect & Associates, 5-23 Toyosaki 2-Chome Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072 Japan.
Worked as a boxer; apprenticed with a carpenter; opened his own architectural practice, 1969. Notable designs include: Azuma House, Osaka, Japan, 1976; Rokko Housing Complex, Japan; Church on the Water, Hokkaido, Japan; Church of Light, Osaka, Japan; Water Temple, Hyogo, Japan; Japan Pavilion, 1992; gallery for Art Institute of Chicago, 1992; seminar house for TOTO, 1999; Yumebutai garden complex, Awaji Island, Japan, 2001; Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts, St. Louis, MO, 2001; Komyo-ji Buddhist temple, Saijo, Japan, 2001; couture house, Milan, Italy, 2002; new building for the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, TX, 2002; pavilion at Piccadilly Gardens, Manchester, England, 2002; addition to the Clark Institute, Williamston, MA, 2004; Langen Foundation, Neuss, Germany, 2004. Also taught architecture at Yale, Columbia, and Harvard.
Memorial Prize, American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, 1991; Honorary Fellow, American Institute of Architects, 1991; Carlsberg Architectural Prize, 1992; Japan Art Grand Prix, 1994; Pritzker Architecture Prize, 1995; Praemium Imperiale, 1996; British Architects Royal Gold Medal for Architecture, 1997; AIA gold medalist, 2001.
Tadao Ando is one of the most renowned contemporary Japanese architects. His designs are often compared to those of Louis Kahn and Le Corbusier and he obviously takes some inspiration from their work. Characteristics of Ando's work include large expanses of unadorned walls combined with wooden or slate floors and large windows. Active natural elements, like sun, rain, and wind are a distinctive inclusion to his contemporary style.
Ando was born a few minutes before his twin brother in Osaka, Japan, in 1941. When he reached the age of two, his family decided that he would be raised by his grandmother while his brother would remain with their parents. Ando's childhood neighborhood contained the workshops of many artisans, including a woodworking shop where he learned the techniques of that craft. As an adult, his earliest design attempts were of small wooden houses and furniture.
Ando told Watanabe Hiroshi in a 1993 article for Japan Quarterly that his grandmother "wasn't very strict with regard to school.... But she was strict about me keeping my word." He was a mediocre student, so rather than pursuing an education, Ando followed in the footsteps of his brother to become a professional boxer at the age of 17. A series of boxing matches soon took him to Bangkok, Thailand. While there, he visited Buddhist temples in his spare time and became fascinated by their design. He then spent several years traveling in Japan, Europe, and the United States, observing building design.
Ando abandoned his boxing career to apprentice himself to a carpenter and might have started a career as a builder instead of an architect except that he kept encouraging his clients to accept his unconventional design ideas. He had no formal architectural training. Using a list of the books architecture students were assigned to read in four years, he trained himself within one year. He did not apprentice to another architect because every time he tried, he has explained in interviews, he was fired for "stubbornness and temper."
Ando further demonstrated his independence by refusing to establish an office in Tokyo, which is generally thought to be essential for architectural success in Japan. He opened his practice, in 1969, at the age of 28, in his native Osaka. His firm, which is managed by his wife, Yumikio, is still based in Osaka. Consequently, the great majority of his buildings are in or around Osaka, including several projects in nearby Kobe.
Ando first achieved recognition with the Azuma House which received the Architectural Institute of Japan's annual award in 1979. Completed in 1976, and also known as the Rowhouse in Sumiyoshi, this small house in a working-class section of Osaka introduced all the elements of his later work: smooth concrete walls, large expanses of glass, uncluttered interiors, and an emphasis on bringing nature into contact with the residents. Only two stories high and just over three meters wide, its windowless front wall is made entirely of reinforced concrete with a single recessed area that shelters the entrance. The home is composed of three cubic components. The first cube contains the living room on the ground floor, and the master bedroom above. The third segment contains the kitchen, dining area, and bathroom on the lower floor, and the children's bedroom on the upper floor. The second section, between the other two, is a central courtyard.
The courtyard that lies between the two bedrooms is walled but completely open to the sky above. A bridge spans the courtyard and joins with a side staircase that descends to the courtyard. With the exception of the kitchen/dining/bath grouping, one must go outside to pass between rooms even during the winter and rainy seasons. Ando believes the inconvenience and discomfort are not without recompense. His buildings force an awareness onto their inhabitants of their place in the world. Moreover, the introspective design of the home insulates its occupants from the sound and sights of the city and offers a tranquil space which is still open to the sun, wind, and clouds.
One of Ando's larger well-known housing projects is his Rokko Housing Complex. The complex, which was built in three stages on the sixty degree slope of the Rokko mountains, contains open public spaces and insular private apartments. Each apartment features a terrace with a spectacular view of the port of Kobe and the Bay of Osaka. Ando's Church on the Water, in Hokkaido, is a Christian church which features an artificial lake which comes to the very edge of the building. The cubic concrete chapel has one entirely glass wall that slides completely away in good weather. The pews in the chapel face the lake and overlook a large steel cross standing in the middle of the water. Church of Light, in Osaka, which is recognized as another masterful work, is a rectangular concrete box, intersected at a 15 degree angle by a freestanding wall which defines the entrance. Behind the altar, a clear glass cross-shaped opening in the concrete wall floods the interior with light. Water Temple, in Hyogo, is a Buddhist temple built under a lotus pond. The entrance to the temple is a stairwell which bisects the pond and leads to the temple below.
Ando's four-story Japan Pavilion was considered the most impressive work of architecture at Expo '92 in Seville, Spain. One of the largest wooden buildings in the world, the pavilion measures 60 meters wide, 40 meters deep, and 25 meters high at its tallest point. Unpainted wood, one of the most traditional construction materials in Japan, was juxtaposed with such modern elements as a translucent Teflon-coated screen roof. Though conceptually different from his concrete and glass constructions, the pavilion still exhibits his style by not having front openings save a single breezeway that allows the sun and wind free passage between the two wings. The focus remains internally oriented with an emphasis on tangible natural participation within the defined space.
In 1999, Ando's design for a seminar house for TOTO, a manufacturer of plumbing equipment, was built. Ando had been asked by the firm to "find a site that would be spiritually refreshing," according to Peter Davey of Architectural Review. The spot he chose was on the top of a hill that looked down over a forest leading to Osaka Bay. He went on to design his largest project up to that point: a 70-acre garden complex on Awaji Island in Japan. Ando called it yumebutai, which translates to "a place of dreams." He worked hard to get the property transferred to public ownership so that it could be enjoyed by everyone, not just the wealthy. A hotel, conference center, gardens, and water parks were all included in his plan. "Yumebutai cannot be discussed as architecture alone," Architecture 's Tom Heneghan declared. "It is an overlap between architecture, landscape design, event planning, social programming, and environmental art."
In 2001, the Calder Foundation hired Ando to design its new museum in Philadephia, Pennsylvania, which according to Interior Design, would "be dedicated to three successive generations of sculptors who shared both a name—Alexander Calder—and a medium." He was also contracted to design the Francois Pinault Contemporary Art Foundation in Paris, France (scheduled for completion in 2006) and the Clark Institute in Williamston, Massachusetts. His next building, the new Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts in St. Louis, Missouri, opened to the public in October of 2001; it was his first institutional project in the United States. That same year, a Buddhist temple he designed, called Komyo-ji, was built. Replacing a 250-year-old building, the temple incorporated "existing trees, stone walls, gatehouse, and belltower as a memory of the old—a decision that produced a more compressed and engaging complex," wrote Architectural Review 's Michael Webb. The progressive chief priest had insisted on a light-filled space for the community which was suitable for concerts, lectures, and worship. In 2002, fashion designer Giorgio Armani commissioned Ando to design his world headquarters building. Ando's task was to turn a former chocolate factory in Milan, Italy, into a suitable place for fashion shows and other events. Architectural Review 's Webb declared that the design demonstrated how Ando "has reinvented the traditional Japanese aesthetic of light and shade, offering linear progression through a walled labyrinth, guiding foot and eye, concealing and selectively revealing to build anticipation for the drama to come. Materials are plain, forms simple, but the effects are thrilling. From Buddhist temple to European fashion house, Ando finds a common thread between diverse cultures and patterns of human behavior."
Also in 2002, construction was completed on another one of Ando's designs, the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Texas. "In Ft. Worth he's created a rich architectural experience of materials and movement—you feel drawn through galleries that are both logical and mysterious, simple and surprising," wrote Newsweek 's Cathleen McGuigan. Ando's first British project involved joining a group that relandscaped Manchester's Piccadilly Gardens. Ando's work received mixed reviews, however. Questions were raised "about the value and possible loss of local identity. To what extent is this .... a Japanese garden? And is it at home in central Manchester?," pondered Building Design 's Steven Morant. In 2004, another of Ando's designs, the Langen Foundation, opened in Neuss, Germany.
Ando has lectured widely and has taught architecture at such American universities as Yale, Columbia, and Harvard. According to Herbert Muschamp in an interview for the New York Times in 1995, Ando considers Japan "boring. He prefers the United States because Americans are encouraged to have their own dreams and to pursue them. In Japan, he says, people do not let themselves dream."
Co, Francesco Dal, Tadao Ando, Phaidon Press Limited, 1995.
Contemporary Architects, 3rd ed., St. James Press, 1994.
Frampton, Kenneth, ed., Tadao Ando: Buildings, Projects, Writings, Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., 1984.
Furuyama, Masao, Tadao Ando, 3rd ed., Birkhäuser—Verlag Für Architektur, 1996.
Jodidio, Philip, Tadao Ando, Benedikt Taschen Verlag GmbH, 1997.
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Architectural Review, October 1999, p. 60; October 2001, p. 66; February 2002, p. 74.
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Art Business News, September 2004, p. 28.
Art in America, April 1, 1990, p. 220; September 2002, p. 31; July 2003, p. 112.
Building Design, June 7, 2002, p. 4; September 13, 2002, p. 14.
Christian Science Monitor, April 17, 1995, p. 14.
Concrete Construction, April 2003, p. 32.
House Beautiful, July 1995, p. 33.
Interior Design, May 2001, p. 76; October 2001, p. 62.
Japan Quarterly, October 1993, p. 426.
Newsweek, December 16, 2002, pp. 68-70.
New York Times, April 17, 1995, p. C13; April 23, 1995, sec. 2, p. 38; September 21, 1995, p. C1; May 18, 1997, sec. 2, p. 1.
Time, March 8, 2005, p. 24.
W, December 2002, p. 130.
Wall Street Journal, July 23, 1997, p. A16.
Washington Post, April 17, 1995, p. C1.