Safe street design accepts and embraces the idea that a slow network entails connections and interactions between people moving on it.
To gain a better understanding of what's wrong with our streets today, we need to understand the assumptions that went into their design. To that end, I would like to define and contrast fast networks and slow networks, as conceived by the late Dutch traffic engineer Hans Monderman.
Fast networks are optimized for high-speed transportation between macro-destinations. They place top priority on maximizing the speed and volume of traffic. Incompatible uses are restricted so that they don't interfere with traffic flow, and the number of access points - places where people can turn on or off the highway - are severely limited and controlled.
The canonical fast network in Canada is a 400-series highway: multiple wide lanes, limited access points controlled by on- and off-ramps, traffic flows segregated by guard rails and wide medians, and a total ban on pedestrians, cyclists and other obstructions.
Slow networks, by contrast, are optimized for direct interaction and flexible movement using a variety of modes - including walking, cycling, transit and driving - among micro-destinations within a geographic area.
Slow networks are characterized by a high concentration of access points - cross streets, lanes, building entrances, and so on - and a dense concentration of local destinations. As such, traffic must move slowly to ensure both safety and accessibility.
The high-speed, limited-access highway model works very well for fast networks like our highway system, which is designed to funnel large volumes of vehicles between cities. That same model becomes disastrous when applied to slow networks like the busy, multi-use streets of a city.
Wide, multi-lane, one-way streets with timed lights that allow - indeed, encourage - continuous speeds in excess of 60 km/h. Main and Cannon Streets are the eastbound and westbound lanes of a de facto highway.
Highway-style on-ramps instead of normal turn lanes at intersections, like we see at Main/Paradise (right next to a high school) and Aberdeen/Queen. Even the exit from Hwy 403 onto Main Street is designed as an on-ramp merging with the traffic flow on Main, instead of meeting it at a signalized perpendicular stop.
Bans on pedestrian crossings at signalized intersections where such crossings would interfere with traffic flow, like the west side of King/Dundurn, King/Strathcona, and King/Locke.
A near-total absence of crosswalks at non-signalized intersections throughout the lower city, with stretches of several hundred metres between signalized crossings. The city's position is that pedestrians should walk several minutes out of their way to cross at the lights.
City traffic engineers actually proposed putting up guard rails along Main Street to prevent pedestrians from "jaywalking", AKA crossing the street.
Our traffic engineers justify all these design choices under the rubric of traffic flow. Again and again, the fast, efficient movement of cars through the city takes priority over every other potential use of our streets.
This standard fails us horribly when we apply it to a street that must necessarily mix transportation modes (walking, cycling, transit, driving) and include multiple access points (cross streets, lanes, parking lots, storefronts, and so on).
The problem is not pedestrians crossing the street. The problem is the assumption that fast, continuous through traffic flow at 50, 60, 70 km/h is a desirable goal inside a built urban neighbourhood. This is a recipe for collisions and pedestrian fatalities.
Vehicles traveling at higher speeds have not only a much higher chance of killing any pedestrians they hit, but also a higher chance of hitting pedestrians in the first place due to increased reaction time and longer stopping distances.
Because our traffic engineers are committed to traffic flow above all else, their response to these realities of physics is to restrict the movement of pedestrians so they are not allowed to get in the way of the traffic and risk injury - hence the bans on jaywalking and even on pedestrian crossings at signalized intersections.
This is ridiculous: people who live in cities have a reasonable expectation that they should be allowed to move freely through their own neighbourhoods. When pedestrians cross these restricted routes anyway and someone gets killed, the inevitable response is that pedestrians need to "be more careful".
Our traffic engineers design streets with wide, straight lanes and no obstructions because that is the best way to make a fast network safe. However, this is just about the worst way to make a slow network safe.
Fast network street design - wide, straight lanes withs with no obstacles or barriers - sends a strong psychological signal to drivers to assume the path is clear and to speed up. When another vehicle, a bicycle or a pedestrian does appear unexpectedly in the way, a motorist with a fast-network mindset is less prepared to stop.
On a slow network street that mixes a variety of transportation modes with a high density of access points, engineering for safety means engineering a speed of traffic flow that is low enough to minimize both the risk of collision and the risk of injury/fatality if a collision occurs. More generally, engineering for safety means sending drivers a clear psychological signal to slow down and watch carefully for other people sharing the road - because there will be other people sharing the road.
Perhaps counter-intuitively, the safest slow network streets are those streets that 'feel' dangerous enough to send drivers the psychological signal to slow down: opposing traffic, narrow lanes, curbside parking, marked bike lanes, frequent access points, and so on.
Perhaps more importantly, slow network design accepts and embraces the idea that a slow network entails connections and interactions between people moving on it. Whereas a highway system is designed to minimize the potential for contact between fast-moving vehicles, a slow network encourages it as a way of allowing people safely to negotiate their way through the network.
As Monderman, the engineer who pioneered the "shared space" approach to slow-network design, put it: "When you don't exactly know who has right of way, you tend to seek eye contact with other road users. You automatically reduce your speed, you have contact with other people and you take greater care."
With the City in the midst of developing a Pedestrian Master Plan, there is no better time than the present for us to formally shift our priorities away from traffic-flow-at-all-costs and toward the inherent safety of people moving through their communities via all modes.
Well stated. Nice lead-up to initiate the wind-up of the inner city "highway" system and integrate the people back with the streets along with the changes with the LRT construction! This is not to state that cars are not allowed but to state that cars must not be the be all end all of city streets. City streets need to include all users not only one type of user.
We already know there is a problem, Ryan. So what is an apropos solution, ergo cryin'?
I disagree WRCU2, alot of folks in Hamilton still see our inner city highways as a great convenience, look at all the people in the mountain and suburbs who went bezerk when James and John went two way. It's mostly only the people that live next to the highway day in and day out that understand how bad it is, getting people to understand what's wrong with it IS part of the solution.
Very well then, how about assembling a team of activists, researchers and a pooling of writers? Is this something we would esteem and are we ready for some grueling all-nighter's?
As a fairly recent convert from the "get me through this hell hole to the safety of Westdale as fas as possible" school of thought, let me shout an enthusiastic Amen! to Ryan's article.
Around the time of the two-way conversions of James and John, I started spending less time speeding on our urban expressways and more time getting around town using more lively, normal roads such as Barton and Charlton. It doesn't take much longer, really. And it somehow feels less rushed - probably because when I have to slow down or stop, it's not such a shock.
This is a city; it's where we live. The downtown is part of where we live, even for those of us who live on the fringes. On the one hand, we shouldn't be speeding where we live. And on the other, it's nicer when we don't - for everyone.
Thanks Moylek for the shared memory and I didn't down-vote you, I swear that wasn't me!
I can relate. Don't expect it to change. If you're not careful, you will soon be labeled a troll and it will only get worse.
I do hope someone isn't simply downvoting your comments out of spite. That violates the comment voting guidelines.
Ugh. I am tempted to just delete my math fail.
I downvoted this just to ensure a consistent experience for you. It's a useability thing.
And we all know that on this site that would never happen.
I have been walking on James North a lot lately. There is an unsignalized pedestrian crossing a Robert St (by the Armoury). Cars actually stop, in both directions, to allow people to cross the road! There are no lights, no stop signs, just eye contact, a friendly wave and respect for those who share the neighbourhood.
I've noticed the unsignalled crossing on James too. You can almost sense the hostility, when people are slowed down when they have an expectation of speed. If you stop at an unsignalled cross for a pedestrian in Westdale at Bond St, you don't get much grief, but if you do it at the spot where the highway ends in front of Valentino's, you might get rear ended. The worst example was York St. in front of the Central Library/Market. I've seen people honk, and rev there engines disapprovingly if someone dared to slow down and park, causing them to wait or change lanes, at great inconvenience, into one of the four other fast moving lanes;) Since that conversion, I have seen a general calm, that makes it pleasurable to walk and bike.
Drivers are equally agitated when you hit the walk button at the signalled crossing on James North near Ferrie. Probably because there is only two signalled crossings between Burlington Street and Barton, so they're used to just flying right up there, over the rail bridge.
I have rush hour drivers honk at me for having the audacity to slow and turn into my driveway during rush hour in the Durand neighbourhood.
There is really no GOOD reason for many of the streets that were converted to one-way overnight in the '50's to remain so today. They absolutely destroy neighbourhoods to accommodate individuals who only want to get through where you live as fast as they can. Just don't dare to do the same where they live.
I've actually had several rush hour drivers get out of their cars and threaten bodily injury / death upon me for slowing down to reverse into in my driveway on Queen St S (near Bold). If I don't reverse in its effectively impossible to ever get out of my driveway because the typical speed on Queen is 70 km/hr +.
Last May, one dude followed me onto my property and punched and kicked at my door while screaming racist obscenities at me. As with the other hate crimes I've experienced and reported to the Hamilton Police, the police completely ignored me and never followed up.
So much for the best place to raise children, maybe its different if your skin is the right color.
Apologies for the rant, your comment just brought back lots of bad memories :|.
At least you had a reason for "blocking" traffic for a few moments, they just had a temper tantrum and caused far more delay than you did.
I'm so sorry to hear that! The racial slurs are awful enough, but the anger just smacks of the 'culture of privilege' for drivers in this city. We NEED to seriously tame our streets if this city is ever going to be a good place to live and to raise a family.
yup, been that way ever since the two-way conversion. The only place in Hamilton where this happens. Imagine replicating that feeling (and safety) all through the lower city?
This always shocked and amazed me in Dundas - people actually stopped for me to cross the road! It's a small thing (less common today), but it is part of what makes an area like Dundas desirable to live in.
"encourage - continuous speeds in excess of 60 km/h". Source? I disagree.
The speed at which you can ride the wave is approx 55-60 km/h.
If I turn on to Main and just make a yellow, then if I don't want to get caught at a red I can travel at 65-70km/h until I get closer to the green wave, at which point I slow down.
And you can travel at 65-70km/h on a two way street as well. The difference is that if you do so on a one way street, you WILL hit a red light soon enough. On a two way street, there is the potential to do 65-70km/h, or more, indefinitely.
One has to wonder why you would do that. Why not just go 60? You'll make the next green anyway and you'll do so safer and use less gas doing so.
I fail to see how two way streets provide better synchronization than a one way street designed for it.
I was bored on my lunch yesterday and decided to take a walk down King, then across the parking lot beside Denningers and back up Main Street. I was surprised to notice some metered parking on the North side around Walnut. I think that the city should maybe look at adding more of this along Main Street. It does help a little bit to calm things down and buffer the pedestrians from the traffic. And as we all know, the city loves parking dollars.
I've always thought that Main street doesn't need a straight up conversion to two way, but rather traffic calming measures including on-street parking, bike lanes, de-synchronization of traffic lights and the removal of the "on-ramps" mentioned in this article. It should still stay one-way however.
It should still stay one-way however.
The only benefit to its being one-way now is that it can funnel large volumes of cars quickly through the city. Once all the traffic calming is in place and it can no longer serve that function, what's the point in keeping it one-way?
"The only benefit to its being one-way now is that it can funnel large volumes of cars quickly through the city".
What other benefit is there?
"The city's position is that pedestrians should walk several minutes out of their way to cross at the lights".
Out of their way? I doubt they said or implied that. Most people, with any sense, would choose to cross on their way. If crossings are indeed roughly a couple hundred meters away from eachother, then if someone is walking more than 200m from origin to destination, then there will be a crossing on their way. Do you see what I mean?
"City traffic engineers actually proposed putting up guard rails along Main Street to prevent pedestrians from "jaywalking", AKA crossing the street".
It seems to me that putting up guard rails would greatly help to improve pedestrian safety. Putting up guard rails is the one thing that would have the greatest impact on improving pedestrian safety. Not only would it impede pedestrians from crossing at improper locations, but it would impede cars from going onto the sidewalk and hitting people. If someone trying to improve pedestrian safety is against this, then I question what they're really trying to accomplish.
I have no interest in living in a city so dangerous and unsafe to walk around in that we need freeway guardrails on our sidewalks.
Jason, a comment like yours above makes no sense to me. If Hamilton's streets are dangerous, then shouldn't we be open to ideas to make them as safe as possible?
If our streets aren't dangerous, what is the problem?
Besides, who said anything about freeway guard rails?
We make them safer by making them more like the reference to James North and the de-facto crosswalk above. Not by allowing the high speed traffic to continue, while attempting to herd pedestrians and put up 'protective' barriers. (like those stupid cattle herd fences on Main West by Mac). Urban streets are meant to be safe and allow for a multitude of interaction, crossings and modes of transportation. Freeways are designed for high speed traffic, and thus, have guardrails and restricted pedestrian use.
who said anything about freeway guard rails?
If crossings are indeed roughly a couple hundred meters away from eachother, then if someone is walking more than 200m from origin to destination, then there will be a crossing on their way.
Well, not if they need to go, say, five blocks due North or South of Main.
I see your point. However, even in a worst case scenario where someone starts their journey on main, mid way between two intersections, and plans to travel perfectly due north or south of main from their starting location, they might have to walk 100m (maybe even 200m?) to a crossing and then back 100m (maybe 200m?). I think that's reasonable.
My point was mostly that Ryan is exaggerating things to suit his argument.
If, however, one feels the desire to jaywalk because they'd rather not walk so far out of their way, then I believe it's much easier/safer to do so across a one way street rather than a two way. With one way streets, you're almost guaranteed to have a lull or even an extended gap in traffic every minute or so. This rarely, if ever happens on busy two way streets.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Walnut and Wellington, a distance of 350 metres.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street betwen Tisdale and Wentworth, a distance of 350 metres.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Sanford and Fairleigh, a distance of 300 metres.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Fairleigh and Sherman, a distance of 350 metres.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Sherman and Springer, a distance of 350 metres.
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Springer and Gage, a distance of 500 metres (that's half a kilometre for anyone still keeping track).
There are no signalized crosswalks on Main Street between Gage and King, a distance of 500 metres (another half kilometre) - though I should point out that there is a highway-style on-ramp from Main heading east onto King heading southeast.
Do you really think it's reasonable to make a pedestrian have to choose between: a) sprinting across a five-lane thoroughfare; and b) walking between a third and a half a kilometre out of the way, just to cross the street?
Ryan, I agree that the examples you provided are a long way to not have a crosswalk.
I don't think the question that you pose at the end of your post is as black and white as you make it sound. Most of the time, people won't have to go one inch out of their way to cross at a crosswalk. You make it sound like every time there is a gap of more than 200m between intersections, the majority of pedestrians are forced to make some sort of critical decision between risking their life and walking a half km. It seems a little over dramatic.
It's not just that, these are downtown streets, the densest part of the city we're talking about, there should be a crosswalk every 100, 150 meters tops so people can walk freely. Actually, screw that, it should just be legal to cross wherever you need to cross. "Jaywalking" should be a right, now a crime.
how about 200 feet? Portland has it's famous 200 foot block design all though the downtown. It's very easy and safe for a pedestrian to navigate downtown Portland without feeling the need to jaywalk. Hamilton can't necessarily carve out 200 foot blocks on already existing streets, but we can certainly add stoplights every 200 feet.
I'd rather run the risk of one of those cars doing 70km/h killing me than have to walk kilometers of guardrail, myself.
Love the Archway Road video.
Pedestrians will wait a reasonable amount of time for a red light. They'll avoid crossing a head-high fence.
Otherwise? You put a barrier in between them and their destination, and a lot of them are going to try and cross it. And why shouldn't they? A small detour is a long time on foot.
I wouldn't mind pedetrian barriers along Cannon and Main, but to protect the pedestrians as much as the driver. But it would interfere with street-side parking, and I think the city needs more of that, not less. It wouldn't stop jaywalking anyways, since the city treats non-signalized intersections as jaywalking, and you can't exactly put a wall across Pearl street... wait, I think they'd actually do that. Maybe I should shut up.
Do you think that just maybe this 2 network theory is a bit of an over simplification? Maybe just maybe there are several more networks at play. If in your mind streets are either like the 401 through the north end of the GTA (12 lanes) or Arkell St. just off of Main then I can see why we so seldom agree.
There are in fact a wide variety of streets and thoroughfares at play in the typical city. Many more than can reasonably be put into just 2 groups.
Meister, How dare you question the author's judgment?! You have been promptly and rightly down voted (not by me).
I guess I have always been an unruly child.
Great article Ryan. Hamilton, the city with a city bypass as its main street.
Re: "Main Street is a highway in all but name"
It's that too – most people just don't refer to it that way.
Actually if you read the article you linked to you will see that Harris in all his infinite wisdom downloaded most of Hwy 8 to the City.
One possible solution I think, would be a Hamilton tourism link.
Well they stand in the middle of the sidewalk, and they slowly spin around. They ask you for directions, to a place they've already found. I try to get around them, but they just slow me down. You can't be in a hurry, not in a tourist town.
CHORUS - You can't be in a hurry in a tourist town, they walk like penguins they drive like clowns. As long as they throw that money around, they can turn a verb into a noun and you got no choice but just, slow down. No you can't be in a hurry, not in a tourist town.
Well I don't mind if they window shop, if they'd just get out of their cars. They can videotape the deer if they want, they can get drunk in our bars. I just wish they'd move a little faster, not make me slow down. You cannot be in a hurry, not in a tourist town?
Now maybe there's a silver lining, the roses I can stop and smell. But oh God what's that perfume, Chanel's living hell. I try to get around her, but she just slowed me down. You can't be in a hurry, not in a tourist town.
Now the world is getting smaller, filled with travel hounds. Maybe there's a secret place somewhere, but this one has been found. IT is still a nice place to live, if you're not too tightly wound. Cause you can't be in a hurry, not in a tourist town.
They did actually put guard rails on the edge of the sidewalk, on the west side of James Street South. That stretch was supposed to be the up and coming area in the 70's when they designated that row of 1850's buildings to keep it as a shopping district. The streetscaping includes a useless area of cobblestone below sidewalk grade that you can't walk on, separated from the road with a steel chain running between posts. There is a break in the fence with steps leading down to the road opposite Augusta, but the crosswalk has faded and presumably it's no longer legal to cross there.
They didn't do anything to address it when they converted James to two way. However James North got wider sidewalks, bump outs and street parking, and as a result slower traffic, and it has become a great street to walk on.
James Sth. is such a mess that bump outs and wider sidewalks would pretty much stop traffic dead. Between all the buses, cars and taxis stopped to drop off or pick up people, stopped delivery vehicles and mail trucks traffic pretty much comes to a standstill at times now.
In the early 90's the city installed green metal barricades along the sidewalks on Main between Dundurn and Queen. Unfortunately when a car did collide with one it had a "snowplow" effect and they were removed.
If I'm not mistaken, there is still a freeway guardrail on John South, just south of Charlton on the west sidewalk. Nothing says 'safe, livable, urban neighbourhood' like highway barriers on your street.
Yes, but it's a city like no other on the face of the earth!
Reminds me of a conversation I had with a city rep at one of the LRT open houses.
Me: I'm worried that if Main St. remains one-way, it will affect the economic spin off potential, and LRT critics will be proven right.
City rep: But it's an arterial road. It has to remain one way.
Me: Yonge St. is an arterial road and no one expects to do 60k unimpeded on Yonge St.
It's worth noting that if the picture in the article (Main @ Bay) were taken around four this afternoon, it would have featured a couple of crunched cars and a bunch of emergency vehicles.
Yikes. That picture was taken at around 2:45 PM today.
Thank you for sharing this link, WRCU2. I started to write a comment in response, but it turned into an article along the way.
Pedestrians will take the shortest most convenient route to their destination. "Carrots" designed to encourage pedestrians to walk elsewhere, like signs, are largely ineffective. Similarly, "sticks" like barriers/guardrails and fences are of limited efficacy (as is seen in the video above).
The best example I can think of is Toronto, near union station, between the bus terminal and the train station - people run across that street, climb the barrier, and run across to the other side, despite the signs, and the barriers, even though the intersection is not even 30 metres away (or you could go up the stairs and over). People always take the shortest route, even where it's not safe. Acknowledge human nature, and move on to implementing solutions.
Cars, by contract, respond very well to both "carrots" (opening new high speed roads elsewhere) and "sticks" (converting roads to two way, introducing on-street parking, or making a street one-way in the wrong direction of their travel). They respond to "carrots" well because everyone is looking for a quicker route, and they respond to sticks well because they have no choice in the matter, you can't drive the wrong way into oncoming traffic, and you can't drive where cars are parked, etc.
While you could really screw over cars, and make the whole system a pedestrian utopia, the best solution is to design streets with pedestrians in mind, in order to achieve a reasonable compromise between pedestrians and vehicles, which is I think what Ryan is advocating.
Realize that pedestrians are much likely to want to take the shortest route, while cars pretty much have to put up with what you throw at them, and design a compromise solution that keeps them both happy and safe.
You can have good traffic flow, or you can have healthy, vibrant, commercial streets that spur economic development and create jobs. You can't have both. Personally, I'll take the jobs and economic development. Why are you so anti-business?
Only anti SOME business, the trucking companies just LOVE our urban highways.
and yet none of them went out of business when they were all re-routed over the skyway during the York Blvd construction. the horror.


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Home Archive From the Therapist: How the Mouth Controls the Legs
From the Therapist: How the Mouth Controls the Legs
By Nikki Routledge
Back treatment for horses varies widely between practitioners, but generally focuses on the neck, back and hindquarters as the key locations for treatment. As a McTimoney Animal Therapist, I use animal chiropractic techniques to adjust areas of the spine where there is dysfunction or abnormal range of motion. These gentle adjustments initiate a healing response from the horse's body, that stimulates the spinal vertebrae to move normally again, and the horse feels more comfortable and can perform properly again. I also use a blend of soft tissue techniques to complement the adjustments and encourage the whole musculoskeletal system to rebalance and restore normal function.
However, sometimes I come across cases where the neck and back are influenced by structures even further forwards than the first spinal vertebrae – the jaw and hyoid apparatus – and these cases are absolutely fascinating to see.
My first experience of this was actually in a dog. She was extremely old, wobbly and basically the owners were looking for treatment to make her more comfortable in her final days, rather than expecting miracles. This lovely little spaniel was difficult to palpate through her spine accurately as she swayed constantly from side to side, but it was very clear that her temporomandibular joint (TMJ), where the lower jaw meets the skull, was much more pronounced on one side. One very light adjustment to the TMJ in this little old dog, and suddenly she stood absolutely still and quiet for me to palpate through the rest of her body.
Following her treatment, the owners reported a change in her behaviour where she became more active and stronger again for the short time she had before her other conditions finally took over. Although I had proceeded to treat other areas of the spine, the changes following that first TMJ adjustment were profound and I am sure had a strong bearing on her improvement.
So, how might that be? Well, there is some evidence in humans that the TMJ is extremely important for co-ordinated movement. It is connected through soft tissues to the hyoid bone which is a free-floating bone extending from the throat area up to just below the ear on each side. If there is tension or pathology in the TMJ, then this influences the movement of the hyoid apparatus and this then filters back into how the brain measures balance, and how the neck and body respond to movement, thereby producing difficulties in co-ordination in even the most basic movements.
The effect of the TMJ is seen most dramatically by viewing videos taken by Dr Brendan Stack, an American dentist who invented a dental orthotic for patients with damage to the TMJ and resultant loss of motor control of movement. Look up his figure skater or teenage track star videos and prepare to be amazed by what you see. In both cases, damage to the TMJ has produced symptoms of motor neurone disease, and inability to walk respectively. In both cases, improvement after fitting the dental orthotic, which effectively restores the TMJ joint to normal pressure again, is almost immediate.
Having studied this effect in humans, I have now seen equine cases where the likelihood is that TMJ pressure has an effect on the motor control of the horse too. These cases are not wobblers, and are not diagnosed as neurological in any way by the vet. They often present as a case that has not responded to previous therapy, yet heralds symptoms of a back issue such as stiffness, lack of impulsion or laziness that cannot be altered through training, feeding or any other means. No lameness is evident either.
One particular case I saw was an older gelding whose spinal X-rays showed no issues and yet he would not go forwards and constantly wanted to put his head on the ground. He did have mild hock arthritis but this was felt to be incidental and not related to the symptoms. When I palpated his back, the horse had significant curvature through the spine and rotation of the pelvis to one side when stood square, but after releasing the TMJ and hyoid area, most of these issues were gone and relatively few adjustments were then required. Furthermore, just a few days later his owner called to say that he was carrying his head normally again and felt much better to ride. His improvement did not maintain at the same level, but he was good enough for her to continue riding him where she had been considering his retirement before treatment. In this case, there were no pathological changes found on X-ray of the TMJ area, but there remains the possibility that pressure had built up within the TMJ as the teeth were now old and the distance the teeth needed to meet at had altered over the years. If the teeth are shorter or longer, then this produces a narrowing or widening of the gap within the TMJ joint.
Another case I saw, which may back up this theory extrapolated from our knowledge of how changes in the 'bite' in humans affects the TMJ, was a young five-year old horse who changed his movement immediately after having his teeth rasped. There were no obvious spinal issues or muscular soreness, but the horse just didn't feel the same to ride from that day on. Six months later, he had improved again, possibly as the teeth had continued to erupt and so the change in 'bite' had returned the TMJ pressure to normal again.
So how would you know that the TMJ and hyoid are the problem areas in your horse? Well, generally you don't. While I do now check these structures during standard treatment, they tend to be indicated more clearly when neck, back or pelvic treatment has not been successful. However, it does emphasise the importance of keeping the mouth and teeth maintained by your dentist as your horse gets older, to prevent pressure building up from longer, older teeth closing the gap at the TMJ. This is such a new area of knowledge, it will be fascinating to see what we find out next as further research is undertaken in humans and animals.
Nikki Routledge
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Russell S (ca) wrote: An entertaining Arnie movie that never tries to be anything more than what it is. Pure, straight-forward sci-fi escapism that manages to do pretty well to look as good as it does given it's budget. Not amongst Arnies best but far from his worst.
Alex G (ru) wrote: One of the worst films I have ever seen. Could not complete it.
Joey T (mx) wrote: Mayan zombies and a magical corn field..... This is a waste of time.
Christopher B (gb) wrote: Not sure how to describe this but entertaining movie. Something different.
Aidan H (nl) wrote: Dames Judy and Maggie head an all-star Brit cast in this sugar-coated slice of stiff upper lippery set during the Nazi occupation of Italy during the 2nd world war. As to be expected, neither Hitler nor Mussolini manage to ruffle the feathers of these octogenarian ex-pats and its a pretty drama- and action-free 2 hours (albeit handsomely photographed ones) until the Allies arrive to remind us there's a war going on between breaks for tea. Cher is no stranger to a bit of scenery chewing and she more than holds her own amongst the old bats, providing the glam as an ex-actress whose secret bequest prolongs their survival. Although stunning to look at, Zeffirelli's nostalgia lacks bite and the hotly-anticipated fireworks between Cher and Maggie is a damp squib. That said, it's a polished and handsome affair and not a bad way to spend an afternoon. Extra star to the costume department for some mouth-watering period clothing.
Robert G (de) wrote: I really enjoyed this movie,more for the idea than the actual movieIt's good and I recommend you watch it,but it's not gold,it's just good.


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Джей-лига 2007 Дивизион 1 — 15-й сезон высшего дивизиона Джей-лиги. Сезон начался 3 марта и завершился 1 декабря 2007 года.

По итогам предыдущего сезона лигу покинули «Ависпа Фукуока», «Сересо Осака» и «Киото Санга». Их заменили «Иокогама» и «Касива Рейсол», занявшие соответственно 1-е и 2-е места в Джей-лиге 2 2006, а также «Виссел Кобе», победивший «Ависпа Фукуоку» в стыковых матчах.

Команды

Турнирная таблица

Результаты матчей

Бомбардиры

См. также
 Вторая лига Японии по футболу 2007

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт Джей-лиги

Япония
2007
Спорт в Японии в 2007 году

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Meet Tammy: Milken's Ball of Sunshine
Voices Editor
Tammy Shine '17 is widely known as the senior who bounces through the hallways, beaming with sunshine and doling out high fives like they are nothing. Beyond Tammy's positive aura lies her incredibly formative and diverse involvement in the Milken Community. Over the past four years, she has been an integral member of honors and AP courses, Class Council, the volleyball and waterpolo teams, NHS, rigorous art courses, and the Righteous Conversations Project. She is described by her peers as "adventurous," "insightful," "empathetic," "sincere," and "brilliant."
The Roar sat down with Tammy to gain a deeper insight into her fascinating personality.
What are you known for? What kind of Milken student are you?
Ehh.. I think I'm known for being weird and not caring about how I appear and what I look like when I'm doing things. I think people also know that I'm kinda nerdy, and that I care about learning.
Which Milken teacher is your spirit animal?
At the core of it, it's probably Mr. Martin. It's definitely Martin. It just feels weird to call him my spirit animal.
What is your happy place?
Either Crater Lake [in] Oregon, like jumping off the cliff into the 40 degree water that's just so clear you see right to the bottom, or in the middle of the mountains in Michigan with my hammock, 20 feet in the air, swinging between trees and looking up and seeing the leaves over my head.
Which kitchen utensil would you be?
The Sprife – it's a fork, spoon, and knife. Or egg beaters. Probably the sprife, though, that's an essential one.
Celebrity crush?
Chris Pratt. 50 Cent. All you need to know.
What is your craziest memory at Milken?
When they brought The Landfill Harmonic and I played violin in front of the whole school and the guy was like 'You don't know how to follow instructions!' and I was like, 'I just don't know how to play violin, I'm sorry.'
When's your next concert?
It's tonight and it's Girlpool. Don't know who that is, but it's gonna be a blast.
If you could live forever how would you spend eternity?
Probably trying to have cultural exchange with every single culture and country in the world. Even each country has so many microcosms of cultures and if there's a way to understand all of them, you can bring so much more understanding and compassion into the world.
If you could do any job in the world what would you do and why?
I've always wished in MASH that I would get ice cream scooper. I always thought that was such a nice job to have. Just imagine getting to scoop ice cream.
Which decade would you travel to?
If we're referring to the 1900s, then the '60s because it was a very formative time in America's consciousness and history. Being able to experience that, rather than through a history textbook, but in real life, would change my perspective in so many ways.
A penguin walks in right now wearing a sombrero. What does he say and why is he here?
I just have so many questions. How do I answer a question when I have questions?
If you were 80 years old, what would you tell your children?
Work hard, play hard. That's it.
Which Kardashian are you?
There's this episode when the two little ones, what are their names? Kendall and Kylie! They convinced Caitlin [who was then still Bruce] to let them adopt the dogs, and I think I'm those dogs.


In an increasingly populated world where space is becoming a bit of an issue, small gardens are a common sight. Some of them are so small, in fact, that you might not think there's anything you can do to make it enjoyable. We're here to tell you that you're wrong. In fact, it's easier than you'd think to utilise the space in your garden. Whether you're looking for teak furniture or something minimalistic, here are our top tips for utilising space.
For a low-maintenance garden, gravel can be the ideal choice. It's affordable, easy to manage and it can make even the smallest of spaces look luxurious. Fill the area with gravel, then accent with white furniture for a crisp, clean look that can have your small space feeling bigger than ever. It will make a comfortable space to relax, as well as keep everything easy to care for all year round.
If you want to make a feature of your garden even with the small space, consider adding bright accessories – especially where seating is concerned. Bright cushions can be set out during the summer months to add a whole new life to your space. Try and pick one shade, then find a range of cushions in the same colour with different patterns, or a contrasting colour with the same pattern. Play around with colour schemes and what is available to you for the optimum bright garden to relax in. Consider garden couches especially for this reason, and install a brightly coloured canopy in one section of your garden for extra protection from the elements.
If you have a small, city garden there's the chance that you don't have any greenery in your garden at all, but don't fret. Install a nice bench or two, and then surround the furniture with potted plants. Use taller plants at the back of the arrangement against walls and fences, and work down in size from there. You can get that outdoorsy feel you're after without having to completely grass over the small area you have available to you. You can even create a potted herb garden if that's your kind of thing!
This is especially useful if you have children but a small garden. Folding furniture that you can tuck away when it's not in use is perfect for making the most of a small space. You can use your table when it's needed, then set it away if your children want to play. Folding furniture also has a more minimalistic look to it, and so it won't look like it's taking up too much space, even when it's out in the sunshine.
Plants that grow vertically will help increase the scale of your garden – or at least make it look that way. Tall, thin plants don't take up much room but add just the right amount of greenery to a small space for it to feel like a garden, all without disrupting the space you do have. Have plants around some of the corners or walls of your garden while others are left without to maximise space without making the garden feel enclosed by plants.


If you serve hot dogs in your restaurant, warm buns are a must. The Star - SST20 - Grill-Max® 32 Bun Warmer keeps them ready with plenty of functions that make it easy to use. The SST20 features a stainless steel construction, removable stainless steel pan, and stainless steel bun rack. It measures 9 1/4 inches high, 17 1/8 inches wide, and 20 5/8 inches deep. It is UL-listed, and the Star Manufacturing Grill-Max® 32 Bun Warmer (SST20) is for models 20C and 20SC.


Aug 24, 2018 How to Write an Outline Five Parts: Sample Outlines Planning Your Outline Structuring Your Outline Organizing Your Ideas Finalizing Your Outline Community Q& A An outline is a great way to organize ideas and information for a speech, an Good example of essay outline, a novel, or a study guide based on your class notes. Each sample outline includes explanations of paragraph and sentence elements like thesis statements, topic and detail sentences, and conclusion.
Outlines are provided for a variety of essay types, and a sample outline for a This section has a quick guide on how to write a good expository essay outline, a sample outline and additional tips to ease the writing process. Personal evaluation conclusion paragraph examples.
conclusion paragraph examples will not do you any good. A professional writing team, on the other hand, will and you can find one in our company. Want to save your time and take a break from paper writing? Rhetorical Analysis Essay Outline. Argumentative Essay Outline. How Text only Back. English Composition 1 Creating an Outline for an Essay. Most analytical, interpretive, or persuasive essays tend to follow the same basic pattern. An essay outline is a good way to organize your thoughts on the chosen topic and the research material you have gathered on it.
It includes brief, but structured information about your paper. Research Paper Outline Examples Once you've decided what topic you will be writing about, the next thing you should pay attention to is the scope of your paper or what you will be including in your discussion. Outline; Example; What is An Analytical Essay? That is why we decided to briefly explain how to write an analytical essay on a poem: This is why all good thesis statements need indepth research, analysis, & some forecasts.
It's important to gather information that supports your argument from the primary sources: An outline is a blueprint or plan for your paper.
It helps you to organize your thoughts and arguments. A good outline can make conducting research and then writing the paper very efficient. Unless your teacher wants a 5 paragraph essay (an introductory paragraph, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion paragraph), dont feel constrained by that model. LINKS: WriteExpress Writing an Effective Outline Outline for Writing a Research [ You should then write the points of concern in your topic.
A compare and contrast essay outline example such as comparing and contrasting two dogs, Molly and Morgan may sound something similar to this: Let us look at a good example: 7 SuperAwesome Essay Outline Templates. 1. Analytical essay outline. start with this outline, and youll be in good shape. It will help you explain your topic using facts, evidence, and analysisall of which will help you showcase the larger significance at hand.
Check out some of these great example essays from the Kibin database Examples of good writing make it look simple when we start essays, those can be complex and more complicated than it has to be. This is why essay outlines exist to help you with the following: This is why essay outlines exist to Putting together an argumentative essay outline is the perfect way to get started on your argumentative essay assignmentjust fill in the blanks!
A hook is a sentence that grabs your readers attention just like a good Jackie Chan movie grabs the attention of a martial arts fan. In my sample outline, I show three claims, each backed How to Write a 5 Paragraph Essay. Oct 31, 2016. so you will have to prepare a 5 paragraph essay outline and write the text itself with the speed of light. 20 Good Example Topics. Look at these 20 ideas from different categories.


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Gucci Love Parade: Alessandro Michele's return to the U.S.
Gucci Love Parade: Alessandro Michele's return to the U.S.
Paloma Molinos | 3 November, 2021
Last night, Los Angeles' Hollywood Boulevard played host to Gucci's latest fashion show. Under the creative direction of Alessandro Michele, 'Gucci Love Parade' finds its inspiration in classic Hollywood and the maison's legacy.
Gucci returns to the American catwalks after five long years (and a global pandemic in between). The last time he walked the runway in the great American country was in 2015, when he presented his Cruise collection in New York. Now, he takes to the streets of Los Angeles to present his latest collection: 'Gucci Love Parade'.
And it wasn't just any event. As Michele himself stated, it was a parade, something much bigger and more special than a fashion show. Among the attendees were prominent figures such as Diane Keaton, Gwyneth Paltrow, Miley Cyrus, Billie Eilish, Serena Williams and Dakota Johnson. And under the soundtrack of Björk, a very select cast paraded: Jared Leto, Macaulay Culkin and St. Vincent, among others.
Y no consistió en un evento cualquiera. Tal y como afirmó el mismo Michele, se trató de una parada, algo mucho más grande y especial que un desfile. Entre los asistentes se encontraban destacadas figuras como Diane Keaton, Gwyneth Paltrow, Miley Cyrus, Billie Eilish, Serena Williams o Dakota Johnson. Y bajo la banda sonora de Björk desfilaba un casting muy selecto: Jared Leto, Macaulay Culkin y St. Vincent, entre otros.
Through the 'Gucci Love Parade', Alessandro Michele once again combined the concepts of gender fluidity and inclusivity, as he has done since he arrived at Gucci in 2015. He made Los Angeles the perfect backdrop to celebrate the house's centenary. Michele also used the occasion to reflect on the future of the industry and to donate $1 million to six organisations that help the homeless. This is a major problem that persists in the city today.
"When we think of America we don't immediately think of fashion. But it is a tremendously influential country, thanks to the aesthetic projection of the image of its great social and political movements. By coming to Los Angeles, I wanted to pay homage to this city that, in a way, feels like home to me. And also to claim that fashion is as much or more on the streets than on the catwalks. My Hollywood, of course, is in the streets," explains the creative director.
But the link between Gucci and Hollywood is not just about the fashion show. As we have known for months, both are working on the production of House of Gucci, directed by Ridley Scott and starring Lady Gaga, Adam Driver and Al Pacino. It will hit the US big screen on 24 November.
Alessandro Michele Gucci Paloma Molinos
On today's menu, the Swatch recipe for love
All about 'Twisted Boom', the new collection by SUOT STUDIO
Dwyane Wade poses for Mario Sorrenti in the latest Versace Eyewear campaign
The next launch of NOCTA and Nike is based on fins
Upcoming Instagram update will allow sharing short messages with friends
The perfect gift for Valentine's Day is from Vivienne Westwood
Palace unveils its full lookbook for this season
Who is Sabato de Sarno, Gucci's new creative director?
Gigi Hadid is the muse of Givenchy SS23
Casey Cadwallader's first bag for Mugler: a must-have in every sense of the word


This Meaty Butternut Squash Casserole with a Pumpkin Tomato Sauce is a super easy and delicious weeknight meal. As we get into the fall season, our lives seem to get busier and busier. With school back in session and evening taken up by extra curricular activities and homework we all need an easy go to meal that will last us a couple days.
We are lucky enough to have some amazing veggies to eat in the fall that have been growing beautifully all summer. Butternut squash is one of those veggies that you can use for so many different recipes. It goes so well with so many other ingredients. I have been lucky to find frozen cubed butternut squash in my grocery store and will add it to soups and other dishes through out the year.
This week, I made this casserole with only what was available in my freezer and pantry. I always keep grass fed ground beef and veggies in my freezer and organic canned tomatoes in the pantry. I don't eat a lot of tomatoes but it's nice to have it available in a pinch. Since October is prime pumpkin month I decided to add it to the tomato and blend it into a sauce. This a sauce is great with gluten free pasta and spaghetti squash for an awesome Italian night meal too. I also always add Primal Palate Garlic and Herb Seasoning for the perfect herby Italian flavor.
You may notice the white cheese on the casserole. That would be Ricotta cheese. I love Ricotta cheese and no it isn't 100% Paleo but I'm called the Primal Nut after all. I never claimed to be 100% strict paleo. If dairy doesn't work for you then feel free to leave it off. It's really up to you.
I hope you enjoy this new casserole recipe and I hope that it helps you out during your busy weeknights.


Haaretz's oldest columnist celebrates turning 90 with Prime Minister Netanyahu and other patriotic well-wishers at Jerusalem's Begin Heritage center.
A generation of security chiefs, veterans of Israel's aerospace industry and comrades from the Irgun attended a 90th birthday celebration last night for former defence and foreign minister – and Haaretz's oldest columnist – Moshe Arens at the Begin Heritage Center in Jerusalem.
Defence Minister Moshe Yaalon recalled a meeting he had with then-defence minster Arens, when Yaalon was division commander in the West Bank. Arens arrived after the murder of an Israeli driver in Jenin and, according to Yaalon, told army commanders: "I heard on the radio a lot of commentators and criticism saying that all the army needs to beat terror is to get the order from the politicians. So I'm telling you 'beat the terror.'" And he smiled cynically.
Yaalon said that he uses that anecdote to explain to senior officers the nature of the relationship between the political and military branches and how it's impossible to achieve complex tasks in one go.
In his speech, Arens spoke of how the founder of the Revisionist movement, Zeev Jabotinsky, who he met as a young man in the U.S, had influenced him more than anyone else. He reminisced of how, as one as the founders of Israel's aerospace industry, he fought for the development of Israel's indigenous fighter-jet, the Lavi, which was cancelled in 1987.
The decision was backed by a majority of the coalition's ministers. "Israel could be in a different place today," he said, if the Lavi had gone into production. He spoke with pride as well of his book "Flags over the Ghetto," the story of the Revisionist fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, whose story been recognized thanks to Arens' research.


Throughout a period of rising political tensions both at home and abroad, Norah is present at key debates in the Commons and her diaries give a sense of the excitement of the times. She assists at a number of local elections and at a by-election in North Hammersmith, noting the Conservative losses in her diary with some anxiety. At home, her husband's health is worsening but her impressive and hectic schedule continues until the general election in 1935. By the end of that year Norah has lost her Parliamentary seat and her much loved husband died soon afterwards. It was, as she writes on 31 December, "a ghastly year" for her.
22 February 1933 Norah meets Captain Colman of the Port of London Authority to investigate ways and means of dealing with a slum clearance scheme at Lavender Dock in Rotherhithe.
2 March 1933 Norah attends the Dog Racing standing committee at 11 and goes to an "At home" with the Prime Minister's wife, Mrs Baldwin.
9 May 1933 Norah visits Plymouth, Lady Astor's constituency. She is met off the train by a naval officer and "addressed the annual meeting of the Alexandra Homes for Lady Astor who was there". Alexandra Homes had been founded by Lady Astor as a Plymouth version of Peabody Trust homes, in 1924. Norah later tours the housing estates and dines with Nancy Astor before returning to Paddington at midnight.
28 June 1933 Norah goes to Central Council Meeting at the Friends House in Euston. She described it as exciting; the topic of debate was Conservative policy on India. "Mr Baldwin spoke, Churchill, Lord Carson, Lord Lloyd all spoke." After lunching at Euston station, she returns for the division. The vote was in favour of Government policy 838 and 356 against. Churchill was not in favour of Government policy of limited independence for India.
6 October 1933 Norah attends the Conservative Party conference. There was "excitement over India but White Paper supporters had big majority when ballot was taken. Neville Chamberlain made a splendid speech".
6 December 1933 Norah notes despondently that the Conservatives lost another council by-election in Rotherhithe on this day, clearly worrying about the implications for her parliamentary seat.
20 February 1934 Norah is busy in the House with the Unemployment Bill. Her amendment was due to be called but it was not reached.
11 April 1934 Norah visits North Hammersmith to see how polling was going in the by election caused by death of Conservative MP Mary Pickford. Labour won.
16 April 1934 Norah attends the debate when Winston Churchill accuses Sir Samuel Hoare and Lord Derby of bringing pressure to bear to alter evidence given before India Joint Select Committee. "Sensational afternoon." She then attends the London Unionist Members' dinner at the Commons, including Baldwin and Sir Samuel Hoare.
24 April 1934 Norah goes to the North Hammersmith by election. The result is broadcast at midnight: "Socialist got in majority 3,600."This was the fifth by election lost in a row by the Conservatives in the National Government.
14 June 1934 In the House, Norah notes that the behaviour of British Fascists was under discussion.
30 June 1934 Norah's son is due to go to Germany, but as she relates, "helped John get things ready for going to Germany on Monday and then heard in evening of awful happenings in Berlin and Munich, a revolt against Hitler." [Revolt by Ernst Rohm, known as Night of the Long Knives] John did not go.
17 July 1934 Norah is preoccupied with the committee stage of the Betting Bill.
12 September 1934 Norah's diary had begun to report that her husband is ill; on this day he has an emergency operation and is in a nursing home until the end of November. Norah is increasingly preoccupied with crises at home but still manages to speak in the House.
12 November 1934 Norah speaks on an amendment to the Betting Lotteries Bill in the Commons, which didn't rise until after 5am.
20 November 1934 State Opening of Parliament: "very foggy, no Royal procession, they came in motors".
29 November 1934 Norah listens on wireless to Royal Wedding (Prince George and Princess Marina). She had two seats in Parliamentary Stand in Parliament Square but didn't go in view of her husband's illness.
In January and February Norah is increasingly preoccupied with domestic problems, particularly her husband's health. She writes less and less about political matters in her diary although she records attending the Commons to participate in votes on a three line whip.
12 March 1935 Norwood by-election won by official Conservative candidate. Norah's daughter Peg had participated in the Conservative campaign.
3 April 1935 Norah lunches with Mr and Mrs Neville Chamberlain, she is the only woman guest so sits next to the Chancellor.
12 April 1935 Norah is involved in a meeting at Bermondsey Town Hall with her election agent Fisher to see the Mayor to hear his explanation of why he will not meet the King on occasion of South London Jubilee drive.
15 April 1935 Takes her seat at 7.15 am in the Commons chamber for Chamberlain's fourth Budget speech.
6 May 1935 Attends Jubilee Day at St Paul's, she was taken by Lady MacPherson (mother of her son's fiancée Fiona).
9 May 1935 Goes to see the King and Queen receive Loyal Addresses from both Houses of Parliament in Westminster Hall, "wonderful ceremony".
15 May 1935 Norah speaks briefly on India Bill Women's Franchise amendments.
27 May 1935 To the Ministry of Labour with other women MPs, deputation to Minister.
28 May 1935 Attends Queen's Hall Women's Conference.
3 June 1935 Meets Ethel Tawse Jollie, a writer and political activist in Southern Rhodesia who was the first female parliamentarian in the British overseas empire. She was observing the Commons from Gallery.
5 June 1935 Three Line Whip India Bill 3rd Reading. She dines in the House of Commons with Sir Ian and Mrs Tawse Jollie.
4 October 1935 Visits Bournemouth for Conservative Party Conference.
11 October 1935 Norah begins her election planning.
23 October 1935 Norah is in the House to hear Baldwin announce the dissolution of Parliament and attends the prorogation ceremony on 25 October.
28 October 1935 Begins her election campaign for the 1935 general election.
14 November 1935 Polling day. Norah is beaten by the Labour candidate by 4,665 votes. She makes no comment on her defeat in her diary but the entries are only brief for some time afterwards.
8 December 1935 Her husband dies in his sleep.
31 December 1935 Notes in her diary "end of a ghastly year".
Very interesting! Do all of these dates come from excerpts of Nora's diary?


Freising is a town of about 50,000 situated around some hills along the Isar to the north of Munich. It resembles the similarly-sized Passau (see pictures of town, cathedral, castle) in several aspects: a long settlement history, including major importance as medieval trade centers, a notable cathedral, and a fortified bishop's seat. One point where Freising comes off worse is landscape: the flat plains around the Isar cannot compete with the towering wooded valley sides along Danube and Inn. Another is historical, and I'll devote a short section to that. Skip below to see the galleries.
Thanks to a highly strategic location and strong local trades, Passau remained continually wealthy and important from the early middle ages until it became a tourism center in the modern era. Allowed their own mayor and seal in 1368, the citizens erected an almost comically outsized townhall to snub the prince bishop on the other side of the Danube. Even after a devastating fire in 1662, the town was quickly rebuilt in baroque style.
Freising, by contrast, steadily lost its importance after 1158 when Duke Henry the Lion rerouted its profitable salt trade route through his own lands – near the village of Munich, which went on to become the capital city of Bavaria. It seems Freising's economy was subsequently largely based on the church, with no less than seven monasteries working their own land. When that church economy collapsed due to Napoleonic secularization in 1802, so very nearly did the entire town. Freising only recovered during industrialization, essentially becoming a Munich suburb.
Although my visit was brief, I got the impression that Freising's historical architecture is a good deal more modest than Passau's, excepting the cathedral. Whereas Passau is breathtaking, Freising is basically your average German town with strong medieval roots, though with a unique religious history.
The first gallery shows some pictures from around town. The last two are of the Weihenstephan brewery, the world's oldest in continued operation. It was founded by Benedictine monks in 1040, although today's buildings are much more recent.
Photography Notes: I took all pictures with a Sony Alpha 7R II and Sony SEL-24240 lens, plus a polarizing filter when outside and post-processing in Adobe Lightroom to correct brightness and saturation. Click on any picture to enter a full-screen view with description and Exif data.
The second gallery shows the bishop's palace on its hill overlooking the city, and the romanesque cathedral at its core (erected 1159–1205). Pope Benedict XVI was ordained there, by the way. The palace is hard to photograph from below as the view is often obscured by buildings or trees.
Palace hill, viewed from the railroad station.
Palace hill, viewed from a small chapel shortly before the ascent begins.
View alongside the palace from one of its entrances.
View of the chief courtyard inside the palace, with the cathedral on the right.
The highly decorated main entrance of the cathedral.
View down the nave of the cathedral, from the entrance area.
The last gallery shows some details from inside the cathedral, including three richly decorated altars and the shrines of St. Corbinian, who gave Freising its coat of arms, and of St. Nonnosus (I think).
Left altar in the entrance chamber.
Right altar in the entrance chamber.
Mix of medieval and baroque art on the wall of the entrance chamber.
Altar in a separate chapel at the rear right of the cathedral.
Shrine and altar of St Corbinian.
Shrine of St Nonnosus (I think).
Nice, but Passau is a better place to sit outside and sip a wheat beer on a warm summer day. My co-worker used to subscribe to the Passauer Neue Presse back in the day. I don't know what it's like now, but it was reliably conservative back then. One time they had an article about US football complete with a picture of a baseball player.
Yes, Passau is for sure a much more picturesque and relaxing place. PNP has drifted left like all media, aided by the influx of leftist students after the university had been expanded. They still don't dare to be explicitly leftist by German standards and affect a kind of neutral stance, interviewing conservative politicians and printing rightist reader comments.
Yes, it's an international phenomenon. I worked in very conservative Idaho for five years starting in 2011. My coworkers said the same thing had happened to the Idaho Falls Press Register over the years.


Leptis Magna (Lepcis Magna) is an incredibly well preserved archaeological site in Tripoli, Libya. Originally founded by the Phoenicians as the port of Lpgy in the first millennium BC, Leptis Magna later became part of the Carthaginian Empire and was then incorporated into the Roman Empire in 46 BC.
Most of the remaining structures now found at the site of Leptis Magna are indeed Roman and originate from the reign of Septimius Severus. Emperor of Rome from 193 AD, Severus was born in Leptis Magna and, as such, he invested heavily in developing his home city, transforming it into one of the most important of Africa's Roman cities. Leptis Magna became a beautiful place and a marvel of Severan planning.
Among the many remains found in Severus' home city, the marketplace, Severan Basilica, the Forum, the Amphitheatre and the Severan Arch represent some of the best preserved Roman sites in the Mediterranean. These sites remain visible at the site despite the various invasions that befell Leptis Magna from the fourth century onwards, finally falling to the Hilalians in the eleventh century. Today, Leptis Magna is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Tour prices vary although actual admission to Leptis Magna is free.
Several tour operators offer trips to Leptis Magna.
Just as empires rise and fall so do entry fees and opening hours! While we work as hard as we can to ensure the information provided here about Leptis Magna is as accurate as possible, the changing nature of certain elements mean we can't absolutely guarantee that these details won't become a thing of the past. If you know of any information on this page that needs updating you can add a comment above or e-mail us.


If you default on a loan, the lender has the legal right to collect the debt by suing you in a court of law. The goal of the lender is to obtain what is called a money-judgement against you.
If you have any good reasons why you think you do not legally owe the debt, the court is the place to raise your defenses as well as consider bringing a counter-claim against the creditor under such legal theories such as breach of contract, fraud, and mistake.
Why Defend Against A Lawsuit If I Am Judgment-Proof?
It is important that you take action to protect yourself immediately even if you are unemployed, have no money, and believe you have nothing to lose.
Some debtors are judgment-proof which normally means that what little property they do have is "exempt" from collection under state law. But most debtors don't remain judgment-proof forever. As soon as a debtor gets a job, a creditor with a judgment will be able to "garnish" up to 25% of the debtor's wages to collect the court judgment.
If you are sued, you should immediately consult a lawyer who specializes in consumer rights. Your attorney should at least be able to buy some time and might be able to negotiate a settlement or repayment plan with the creditor.
Credit Counseling Option – What Is Debt Consolidation?
If you can't afford to retain an attorney you might consider consulting with a credit counselor.
A credit counselor is effective if you have a number of debts that could be consolidated and negotiated into manageable installment payments. They deal with the creditors and try to work out a plan that is within your budget. Creditors would rather take thirty-cents on-the-dollar rather than getting nothing at all should you file for bankruptcy.
If the debt is old, it might be barred by the "statute of limitations". For example, in most states, a creditor must file suit on a written contract within four years from the default of the contract.
Keep in mind that you can lose your statute of limitations defense if you have acknowledged the debt in writing after the debt has been barred by the statute of limitations or if you pay any portion of the debt (a form of acknowledging the debt) after the debt has been technically barred by the statute of limitations. Many debtors fall into this trap by agreeing to make small payments after the debt has legally expired. When this happens the debt comes back to life and is now enforceable again. Don't make this common mistake.
When you are pleading your defense you can claim that the interest rate on the debt is "usurious" which means it is in excess of the state's legal limit on interest rates.
You might have already made payments on the debt that were not credited to your account. If so, copies of your receipts and canceled checks can be used to prove your payment.
Finally, the property you bought on time might be "defective" entitling you to a substantial "offset" for the cost of repair. It can also be the basis of a counter-claim in which you allege the seller breached the contract.
This is especially true if the seller made express representations about the quality of the product that were not true, or even if the seller said nothing about the quality but the seller actually knew the product was defective in some material way. This is called fraud in the concealment or inducement of the sale. Both are not only civil wrongs but can be considered criminal conduct.
What If I Am Sued In Small Claims Court?
If you are sued in small claims court, you are not allowed to hire a lawyer to represent you at the hearing. If you wish, though, you may consult with a lawyer before the hearing to find out your legal rights.
You might consider using a pro bono attorney to assist you to prepare the court forms and help you with establishing your legal defense. Many law schools have pro bono programs.
In addition, in some communities, there are free small claims court advisors. Call the clerk of the small claims court to find out more about this.
Can I Be Sued For My Spouses Debts?
This depends on whether you live in a community property state or a common law state.
In a community property state, like California, if the debt was in incurred in the course of the marriage it is considered a "community property debt" and therefore the spouse will be equally responsible for repayment of that debt.
If your state follows common law rules, when determining who is liable for a particular debt, you will usually only be held liable for the debt if the obligation is in your name, or jointly held or if you have cosigned on the obligation.
For example, if the credit card was only in your spouse's name, you will usually not be liable for that debt.
However, even in common law states, if you jointly own assets with your spouse, then the creditor may still attempt to seize jointly owned assets on the grounds that the asset was jointly owned even though the credit card to purchase that asset was only in the other spouse's name.
If the debt is for a joint credit card in both your names, then you and your spouse will be held equally liable for the debt. In addition, if you are a cosigner on your spouse's credit card or loan, you are still be legally obligated for the debt.


Please note that Hamilton Hall is a Registered National Historic Landmark and is not handicap accessible to the performance hall on the second floor.
Hamilton Hall in Salem, Massachusetts is widely recognized as one of the most important Federal buildings in America. It was designed in 1805 by the famous architect and master woodcarver, Samuel McIntire, and has been in use as an assembly hall for cultural and social events for over two hundred years.
By Car: Take Route 95/128 North or South to exit 25A. Follow Route 114 East, Salem. Cross over the bridge into downtown Salem. At the second set of lights (Witch House, on corner), turn right onto Essex Street, then left at the first set of lights onto Flint Street. Take an immediate left onto Chestnut Street. The Hall is located on the right hand side of the street down several blocks.
By Train: The MBTA Commuter Rail connects Salem north as far as Rockport and Newburyport and Salem is just 5 stops and 30 minutes from Boston's North Station. Hamilton Hall is approximately a 10 minute walk from the train station. Taxis are also at the station. For a complete schedule, visit www.mbta.com or call 617-222-3200; 800-392-3663.


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UW-Stout's Emily Lehmann wins Quick Pitch State...
Aaron Hagar, vice president of entrepreneurship and innovation for WEDC, presents Emily Lehmann, right, with the first prize in the WiSys Quick Pitch State Final. WEDC sponsored the state final event.
MENOMONIE—UW-Stout graduate student Emily Lehmann's presentation on the effects of secondary listeria contamination in cheese won first place at the WiSys Quick Pitch State Final on July 22.
This year's competition, which included 11 students and 10 "pitches" from nine different schools, took place at UW-Stout during WiSys' annual celebration of research and innovation, known as WSTS.
"Listeria monocytogenes is a dangerous pathogen that causes the serious, and even deadly illness, Listeriosis. Contamination of ready to eat food such as cheddar cheese is a huge concern in the spread of this pathogen," according to Lehmann's presentation abstract.
In addition to being a student, Lehmann is a quality assurance supervisor at the Ellsworth Cooperative Creamery in Ellsworth, Wisconsin. Lehmann is seeking a master's degree in food science and technology and has been working with UW-Stout Assistant Professor Dr. Taejo Kim.
Prior to attending UW-Stout, Lehmann graduated from UW-River Falls with a bachelor's in animal science, meat science emphasis with a food science and a chemistry minor.
"Emily's knowledge and passion stood out during the presentation on stage," said WiSys President Arjun Sanga. "Explaining the value of your research and doing it succinctly is difficult under normal conditions, but Emily was completely composed in front of a crowd of more than 200 UW System faculty, staff and students."
Alexander Siebers presents his research on stage during the WiSys Quick Pitch State Final at UW-Stout.
UW Oshkosh student Alexander Siebers took second place in the competition with his presentation on math teacher training programs.
Siebers' project seeks to analyze secondary math teacher education programs at UW System universities by investigating how well they prepare teachers for the classroom.
"Traditionally, secondary math teaching programs at the university level have consisted of mainly upper-level mathematics courses that have little correspondence with the mathematics that is covered in middle and high school," according to Siebers' project abstract.
Siebers' faculty advisor for the project is UW Oshkosh Assistant Professor Dr. Stephanie Bernander.
"Not only is Alexander's research impressive, but he was able to communicate it in a thought-provoking manner. It is safe to say that many were interested and impressed by Alexander's work," Sanga said.
Aaron Hagar, vice president of entrepreneurship and innovation for WEDC, presents Lucas Frey, left, with the third prize in the WiSys Quick Pitch State Final. WEDC sponsored the state final event.
UW-Platteville software engineering and mathematics major Lucas Frey earned third place in the competition.
Frey's project explored the connection between user interface design and errors in electronic medical records.
"We found that users prefer traditionally sized, colored and spaced text, standard radio buttons or checkboxes for questions and a traditionally located navigation button in the bottom right corner of the window. This study developed an understanding of and measured the optimal ergonomic and cognitive information presentation for healthcare providers to navigate electronic medical records efficiently," according to Frey's project abstract.
"The ability Lucas had to translate a somewhat complicated topic into an engaging three-minute presentation was admirable. When you can communicate your ideas as well as Lucas, there is no telling what you can accomplish," said Sanga.
Frey also won the competition's People's Choice Award based on an audience vote.
UW-Platteville Assistant Professor Dr. Suboh Alkhushayni is Frey's faculty advisor.
ABOUT WISYS QUICK PITCH
The WiSys Quick Pitch competition allows students to hone their communication skills and increase exposure for their research and ideas. The competitors race the clock to expertly explain their project in three minutes or less to a panel of judges.
Students qualify for the state final through local competitions on campuses across the UW System.
The state final competition was sponsored by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation.
The judges for the competition included WARF's Jennifer Gottwald, UW System's David Brukardt, Realityworks' Timm Boettcher and Idella Yamben from the Center for Technology Commercialization.
WiSys is a nonprofit organization that works with faculty, staff, students and alumni of the UW System to facilitate cutting-edge research programs, develop and commercialize discoveries, and foster a spirit of innovative and entrepreneurial thinking across the state.
WiSys seeks business mentors for student entrepreneurship competition
At-large bids for statewide business model competition available
Senior chemistry major wins WiSys Quick Pitch @ UW-River Falls by explaining nanotech research
WiSys News


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Q: How to do a push notification with picture like the Photo App In WWDC 2014 videos I saw how to create a notification widget, interactive push, etc. But I can't figure out how to send a push notification with a picture like the Photo App does in iOS 8. Is this something us mortals can do? Or something only Apple Apps can?

A: It's not possible because the push notification payload can be up to 256 bytes long.
Take a look at Apple docs regarding push notifications here

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


JW Marriott Phuket Resort and Spa is a place of elegant accommodation and first-rate services. It is just a 15 km from Phuket International Airport. Soundproofed rooms at Marriott Resort offers private balconies with views of the garden, pool or ocean. This property offers five different categories of living rooms. Each is equipped with en-suite bathroom, private balcony, a flat-screen cable TV, DVD player, a minibar, and tea/coffee maker. Sun terrace is available to soak up the sun and remove your all tiredness.
Centara Grand West Sands Resort & Villa is located on the west coast of Phuket, the longest and most serene beach on this side of the island. It is situated a 20-minute drive from Blue Canyon Country Club and Yacht Haven Marina. Phuket International Airport is approximately 2 km away from this property. All guestrooms feature flat-screen TV with satellite TV, complimentary wireless internet access, energy-efficient and silent air conditioning, in-room safe, mini-bar and refrigerator, tea and coffee making facilities, hair dryer, and IDD line telephone. There are garden, outdoor pool, terrace and indoor games zone available here.
SALA Phuket Resort & Spa is a resort of elegant accommodation and outstanding features. It features three beachfront pools and villas with private pools and sundecks. It is a 20-minute drive from Phuket International Airport. The scenic Phang Nga Bay is a 25-minute ride away. All rooms of this resort are well-fitted and provide most of the modern amenities. There are six categories of rooms in this property. Rooms and villas feature flat-screen cable TVs, DVD players, and outdoor bathrooms with freestanding tubs overlooking the pool, and free Wi-Fi.
Renaissance Phuket Resort & Spa is a place of delightful accommodation with all world class services. It features a large outdoor pool, jogging and biking trails, and five restaurants. It is just 16 km from Phuket International Airport. Including a fresh and colourful décor, rooms offer private balconies and lovely tropical views. Each is furnished with a cable/satellite TV, a minibar and ironing facilities. Some rooms have a private swimming pool. The well-equipped fitness centre will invite you for a regular workout to stay fit. There are many activities including cycling, water sports facilities (on site), sauna, private beach area, Beachfront, Bicycle Rental, Bikes (free), games room, and kids' club.
Holiday Inn Resort is located on an 11-kilometre stretch of idyllic Andaman coastline, the resort is the romantic escape for couples and a fantastic place to bring the family for an adventure-filled vacation. It is just 9 km from Phuket International Airport. Including light wood finishes, modern units open out to an outdoor seating area from sliding glass doors. Holiday Inn Resort offers many category of rooms on your budget and tastes. There is an outdoor pool for your relaxation. Thai spa and massage are available here to have a wonderful relaxation time.
Anantara Vacation Club Resort is a brand new signature resort in north-west Phuket and it offers a truly easy-going tropical escape, only a 15-minute drive from Phuket International Airport and. This resort is a six-storeyed complex offering one and two bedroom apartment suites and pool villas with truly generous space for comfortable living. Suites at this resort are sophisticatedly well-appointed and smoke-free.
Seaside Cottages is a beautiful place to enjoy the stunning sea views near the seaside. It offers a beachfront accommodation. The nearest Phuket International Airport is just a 5-7 km away from this property. Decorated in simple style, each unit at Seaside Cottages comes with either a shared bathroom or a private one. In the garden, you would enjoy some of your leisure times.


okay,so i remember in this one episode at the end it became new years siku and zattanna kissed robin so are they going out au what?
Wouldn't it be funny if Alex was genderbended? au Ajax & Kane?
I'm having difficulty deciding which version of my OC to write about. Which one do wewe guys like best?
i forgot the hivi karibuni blue beetles name I think it's heimee au something but i'm not sure could someone remind me please?
I know wewe guys like RPing so why not make a RP foramu like the other klabu in stead of the wall?


CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 70 percent, although the company reportedly is still having trouble making a profit.
LOWDOWN: The popular radio app, which figures out what music you'll like based on the music you already do like, took a stock-market hit a few weeks ago when Microsoft launched its Xbox Music streaming service. But company officials point out they're not competing with Spotify or Xbox – they're competing with FM radio stations. Pandora is already in 65 different new cars and is working to expand. "From the beginning, our goal was to define the future of radio," says Asi Pehar, director of product user experience.
CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 85 percent. The user base is loyal enough to overcome the company's inherent financial problem: making huge royalty payments to artists and publishers.
CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 65 percent. Name recognition is a big deal.
LOWDOWN: Launched in late October, Xbox Music is Microsoft's attempt to move past its failed Zune portable-player system and plunge into the songs-on-demand market. It has an excellent chance of catching on, since it's bundled with the new Windows 8 operating system as well as the existing Xbox game console and the future Windows Phone 8. It costs $10 a month, competitive with Spotify and Rhapsody, and includes a radio function and an MP3 store. "I would just love if it reenergizes the entire [record] industry and turns it back into a $30 billion-a-year business again," Microsoft's Johnson says.
CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 70 percent. Windows 8 integration gives it a built-in advantage, but Microsoft's track record with music products is middling.
CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 95 percent. Nobody has managed to shut it down yet, and that seems unlikely to change soon.
LOWDOWN: The elder statesperson of streaming companies, Rhapsody launched more than a decade ago and has provided a terrific service (especially synced with home-stereo company Sonos) for a small group of music fans. Its $10-per-month fee is a barrier for free-music aficionados, but Spotify landed at the same price for mobile subscribers. Next stop: cars and TVs. "What we've been trying to do is take steps towards making Rhapsody closer towards where customers consume music," says Jon Maples, vice president of product management.
CHANCE OF SURVIVAL: 90 percent. You can't kill Rhapsody. You just can't.


When you need to find a new lawyer, it can be overwhelming to search. With all of those lawyers out there that desire your business, how can you be sure who to trust? This article contains great information that can help in your search for a lawyer.
If you're accused of a crime, you need to find a lawyer immediately. Do not take it upon yourself to handle the legal proceedings; you may end up in more trouble than before. Lawyers are specially trained for cases like yours, so do not hesitate to trust them.
Get a fee list from every lawyer you interview. The fees can range greatly based on the lawyer's demand and experience and it is best to know what you will be paying before you agree to use him. If you cannot pay, you may not have representation throughout the process.
Check to make sure your lawyer is available to answer your calls or emails. Not being able to reach their lawyer is a very common complaint that people have. You probably don't want to wonder about things because the lawyer is enjoying themselves.
It is best to hire a real estate lawyer if you are dealing with issues related to a home you are selling or buying. This will help you to be sure that you can deal with the case quickly and get a judgment in your favor so you have a good outcome.
Before deciding on an attorney, find out if he has experience in the specific field that your case falls into. Stating that he or she specializes in that type of case does not mean they have experience. You may be able to find some of this information online, but if you do not the lawyer really should be more than happy to share their past cases with you.
Be skeptical if a lawyer wants you to pay a sizable retainer in order to take your case. This may not be given back to you at the end of your trial. You're probably better off shopping around for lawyers whose retainer fees aren't quite so large.
What is your budget? You might have a situation and case where you feel you are right, but at what cost? Thoroughly research all relevant lawyer fees. Be open and honest about your budget from the outset. Be clear about the results you want. This will put you in the safest position possible from a monetary perspective.
Consider a lawyer referral service. You may be able to find a wonderful lawyer from this service. The quality of the screening service varies since some list only attorneys with specific qualifications and a minimum amount of experience. Some services share the listings established by the local bar association. Investigate their qualifications first to determine the best referral service.
As far as legal problems go, having a lawyer is crucial. Choose your attorney wisely by implementing what you've just learned. You do not want to make a mistake when it comes to dealing with the law. Legal issues are stressful enough and you want someone you can trust on your side.


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Spring/Summer Newsletter Available
NARROWSBURG – The Upper Delaware Council, Inc. (UDC) announces the release of the Spring/Summer 2017 issue of its newsletter, "The Upper Delaware."
Featured articles include: "Upper Delaware Life Jacket Loaner Stations to Debut", "UDC Holds Awards Ceremony April 23: Congressman Faso to Deliver Keynote Address", "Reservoir Management in Flux: Inflexible on Flexible Flow Plan?", "Delaware River Basin Conservation Act Passes", "Fremont Representatives Takes UDC Helm", "Mile-a-Minute: An Unwelcome Guest", "In Memoriam: Rep. Ben Gilman, 1922-2016; Tom Cardinale, Lackawaxen Township, 1953-2017", "Skinners Fall-Milanville Bridge Re-opens, Regional Work Set", "Register for the UDC 29th Annual Family Raft Trip August 6", and more.
The newsletter about the environment and people of the Upper Delaware River Valley in New York and Pennsylvania has been published free of charge by the UDC since 1988.
Opt to view the newsletter on-line at https://upperdelawarecouncil.org/publications/. The website also offers an archive of past issues and an index of articles.
Free print copies and mail subscriptions are available by contacting Cindy Odell at the UDC, P.O. Box 192, 211 Bridge St., Narrowsburg, NY 12764; phone (845) 252-3022; e-mail cindy@upperdelawarecouncil.org.
The Upper Delaware Council, Inc. is the not-for-profit organization which works in partnership with the National Park Service to oversee implementation of the River Management Plan for the Upper Delaware National Scenic and Recreational River. Its members are 13 New York towns and Pennsylvania townships which border on the river, as well as the two states, and the Delaware River Basin Commission.


"Pro wrestling in Japan started with Al Baffert beating Rikidozan. Baffert was a very good American catch wrestler. He along with wrestlers from various units in the U.S. Army, put on a show for the American soldiers of Japan. Sumo wrestlers wanted to watch the show, so the Americans got invited to meet the sumo association and sumo champions."
His peak as a wrestler was in the 1930s, but he'd been supplementing his income since the 1920s in the booming Hollywood scene. Many pro-wrestlers did the same back then. They often made the perfect villain. He also performed as a stuntman for over 30 years.
Baffert was also known to throw on the ole boxing gloves. He must've done something right in that realm too as he even had a fight with Max Baer.
According to IMDB Baffert was born on June 12, 1906 in Annemasse, France. After a long and successful career as a stuntman and occasional actor, Baffert passed away on October 3, 1989.


Online resources continue to play a crucial role in consumer shopping preferences. As a result, more and more individuals are accessing financial services through digital channels. According to the Filene Research Institute, 50 percent of consumer's report searching exclusively online for financial services products. What's more, they are typically drawn to a specific product before settling on the right bank or credit union. And, according to a recent study from Accenture, 72 percent of consumers aged 18 to 34 would bank with Google and T-Mobile if they offered financial services.
Motivated by these changing trends, more and more financial institution clients that I speak with understand the need to shift a greater portion of their marketing efforts away from traditional channels in order to engage their account holders and attract new business. And while they are implementing the tools required to create a presence in today's digital marketplace, many financial institution leaders are having difficulty finding the unique combination of expertise required to manage their digital strategy.
Implementing a winning digital strategy combines IT, marketing, e-commerce and account holder service initiatives with your website and social media, as well as your online service offerings. This can be a major shift for small and medium-sized organization. So, once you have identified how your organization can benefit from combining these digital strategies under one umbrella, what then?
Finding candidates with this unique skill set and leadership qualities is likely your next hurdle. You need someone who can manage the process and orchestrate the blending of your financial institution's digital resources in order to increase your touchpoints with account holders, grow your account base and increase the number of products used per household.
A digital strategist will play an important leadership role in finding the most effective channels for getting your products to the marketplace. However, unlike a typical search, these are highly competitive positions that are in demand across all industries. Currently, there are not enough candidates available to meet the growing need.
And while we have found that many clients often begin by looking for talent from within the organization or financial services sector, we encourage expanding your search to other specialties to find the expertise you need.
Working with clients on these types of searches, we have found that traditional channels just aren't as effective in attracting this caliber of specialized talent. What you need is a wide network of candidates to consider in order to find the ideal match for your situation – through digital channels, industry networks, established relationships and social media. Only access to the best resources will make that happen.
Plus, in addition to candidates who are actively seeking new opportunities, it is valuable to have connections that allow you to reach out to individuals who might not be considering a job change, but might be interested in an opportunity to take the lead in getting a start-up digital strategy off the ground.
Another important aspect of ensuring that these highly sought-after professionals will stay in place for the long term is establishing an effective onboarding process to help them transition to your work environment once they have been hired. Since many qualified candidates may fall into the Millennial age group, we counsel clients to consider the possibility of looking at some modifications to the traditional work schedule and communications practices in order to retain this new generation of employee.
Since competition for these highly-skilled, highly-versatile candidates is tough, consider potential career advancement opportunities during the initial digital strategy planning process. Remember, if you can't offer a real opportunity for career growth, someone else will. And while compensation for these positions can be very high – which is another reason they are hard for smaller organizations to fill – it is an investment that will pay off by keeping your financial institution competitive in your market.
If you're not thinking about how to build an effective digital strategy for your financial institution today, you should be. As technology continues to play a major role in how consumers access financial services, the cost of doing nothing is far greater. And the longer you wait, the more difficult it will be to find the talent you need to manage the process effectively.
By establishing a relationship with a professional recruiting firm while you are planning your digital strategy, you can develop a partnership with experts who will get to know your organization, its strengths and specific needs to help ensure you get the exact talent and qualities you need. Then, when you are ready to fill this important position, you can expect a smooth, successful hiring process.


Jess Samson and Saba Riazati, both cardiac perfusionists from the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center Operating Rooms, help load a truck from the Los Angeles County Department of Social Services Tuesday with boxes, bags and barrels filled with school supplies donated by the main operating room staff.
Hundreds of scissors, notebooks, erasers, boxes of crayons and other school supplies are on its way to children from low-income families, thanks to operating-room staff at the Reagan UCLA Medical Center. For the past three weeks, nurses, perfusionists, technicians and support staff have been collecting school supplies for children with the assistance of the Los Angeles County Department of Social Services.
The county program serves more than 3,500 kids monthly across the greater Los Angeles area. On Tuesday, organizers of the drive delivered a bounty of donated supplies. "Most people get into the giving spirit around the holidays, so to see this level of community outreach mid-year is not only inspiring, but just another testament to the UCLA family's commitment to their community," said Saba Riazati, a cardiac perfusionist and one of the organizers of the drive at the hospital.