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prerequisites for classical field theory
It attempts to unify gravitation and electromagnetism, in a five-dimensional space-time. ) Lagrangian field theory is a formalism in classical field theory.It is the field-theoretic analogue of Lagrangian mechanics.Lagrangian mechanics is used to analyze the motion of a system of discrete particles each with a finite number of degrees of freedom.Lagrangian field theory applies to continua and fields, which have an infinite number of degrees of freedom. Each vector represents the direction of the movement of air at that point, so the set of all wind vectors in an area at a given point in time constitutes a vector field. The book covers a selection of recent advances in classical field theory involving electromagnetism, fluid dynamics, gravitation and quantum mechanics.. to be an effective and productive member. {\displaystyle (g\equiv {\text{det}}(g_{\mu \nu }))}. endobj 1. Prerequisites. There are several ways of extending the representational framework for a unified field theory which have been considered by Einstein and other researchers. Geometry and Quantum Field Theory, designed for mathematicians, is a rigorous introduction to perturbative quantum field theory, using the language of functional integrals. 5 0 obj {\displaystyle \kappa } <> Field Equations. Any massive body M has a gravitational field g which describes its influence on other massive bodies. In classical field theory one instead studies functionals on mapping spaces on higher dimensional domains.. The other coordinates parametrize thespace directions. Perturbation theory. Two of the most well-known Lorentz-covariant classical field theories are now described. The goal is to discuss, using mathematical language, a number of basic notions and results of QFT that are necessary to … The material is based upon lecture notes for a course I teach from time to time at Utah State University on Classical Field Theory. The first formulation of this field theory used vector fields to describe the electric and magnetic fields. ≡ Some of the simplest physical fields are vector force fields. P*9W�)���(�gi`i����m2�36R071�37Q���0�4� ��r � can be derived by varying the Einstein–Hilbert action. Quantum field theory is the language in which much of modern physics is formulated. Assuming those prerequisites, Low's book offers much of value: (1) We meet Green and his function (page 17). The experimental observation that inertial mass and gravitational mass are equal to unprecedented levels of accuracy leads to the identification of the gravitational field strength as identical to the acceleration experienced by a particle. In 1918, the case for the first geometrization of the electromagnetic field was proposed in 1918 by Hermann Weyl. {\displaystyle R} Quantum Field Theory I. WS 2013/14 . Download it Advances In Classical Field Theory books also available in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format for read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. For example, in a weather forecast, the wind velocity during a day over a country is described by assigning a vector to each point in space. Prerequisites: Though there are no formal prerequisites for this course, I will mostly take for granted a background in basic undergraduate mathematics and physics, including calculus in several variables, point-set topology, abstract algebra, special relativity, and Newtonian gravitational theory. c = 1. Download it Advances In Classical Field Theory books also available in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format for read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. A physical field can be thought of as the assignment of a physical quantity at each point of space and time. if the density ρ, pressure p, deviatoric stress tensor τ of the fluid, as well as external body forces b, are all given. Classical Field Theory book. x�+T0�3T0 A(��˥d��^�e����\�\�` [11] That is used in Kaluza-Klein Theory. Formulate the connection between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. Quantum Electrodynamics. det For the cases of time-independent gravity and electromagnetism, the fields are gradients of corresponding potentials, so substituting these into Gauss' law for each case obtains. T The Einstein field equations describe how this curvature is produced. PHYS 6260 Classical Electrodynamics II [3 credit hours] Solutions to the wave equation with time dependent source terms, energy loss from high energy charged particles in dense materials, special relativity, classical field theory, invariant Lagrangians and conserved quantities. Prerequisites. In 1919, the idea of a five-dimensional approach was suggested by Theodor Kaluza. Because of that, many theoretical physicists gave up looking for a classical unified field theory. Therefore, the Lagrangian itself is equal to the integral of the Lagrangian density over all space. Classical gauge theory. and the Navier–Stokes equations represent the conservation of momentum in the fluid, found from Newton's laws applied to the fluid. 3. <> is forced by the choice of units. Choosing, Variational methods in general relativity, An essay toward a dynamical theory of crystalline reflection and refraction, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BianchiIdentities.html, "Grundzüge zu einer Theorie der Elektrizität und der Gravitation", "Unified Field Theory – Paper I, Gravitational, Electromagnetic, Weak & the Strong Force", "Grand unified theories and supersymmetry in particle physics and cosmology", Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations, Numerical methods for partial differential equations, The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles, International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Classical_field_theory&oldid=990738175, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 November 2020, at 06:31. Theoretical Classical Mechanics Theoretical Electrodynamics and Special Relativity Theoretical Quantum Mechanics . It describes canonical fundamental units of certain classes of pure cubic fields, proves Knesser's theorem on torsion groups of separable field extensions, establishes a theorem that provides nece %PDF-1.4 Prerequisites The course develops basic theoretical skills and understanding that form a necessary preparation to many modern developments of theoretical physics. [11] An example of the first option is relaxing the restrictions to four-dimensional space-time by considering higher-dimensional representations. may stand,e.g. B %�endstream The explicit form of the Lagrangian depends on which field theory is considered, but in all the cases it is usually assumed to satisfy a number of generic requirements: The Field Theory describing the fundamental interactions of elementary particles is assumed to be relativistic, i.e. Consequently, classical field theories are usually categorized as non-relativistic and relativistic. 4. methods of classical relativistic eld theory. 16 0 obj After numerous experiments, it was found that these two fields were related, or, in fact, two aspects of the same field: the electromagnetic field. From this density, the action functional can be constructed by integrating over spacetime, Where Provides summary of field theory that emphasizes refinements and extensions achieved in recent studies. This an indication that the text will be challenging ! The book by Zee, Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell, is good for someone with background on gravity and condense matter, but will mess up the beginner's mind with bombarding of variety of topic. Therefore, the gravitational field of M is[2]. The first field theory of gravity was Newton's theory of gravitation in which the mutual interaction between two masses obeys an inverse square law. I had the impossible task of beginning with some basic formal structure of mechanics and ending with sufficient background about Classical Field Theory and Supersymmetry Daniel S. Freed Introduction These notes are expanded versions of seven lectures given at the IAS/Park City Mathematics Institute. In 1839 James MacCullagh presented field equations to describe reflection and refraction in "An essay toward a dynamical theory of crystalline reflection and refraction".[1]. A charged test particle with charge q experiences a force F based solely on its charge. The Field Theory action has the following generic properties. Discussion regards generalized forces and keeping track of signs in a system of conductors (page 22). In the vacuum, we have, We can use gauge field theory to get the interaction term, and this gives us. This is a function that, when subjected to an action principle, gives rise to the field equations and a conservation law for the theory. x��Y�r5}_~bߘ��[���ńPP��K��8���/�b �iI����z N���\.�g$M����Ӛ�K)�R�O�{|����/O^.��~O�* X�?���/V��R[�W�ՓE���JYa��i#�[���/�A��]p��쥈�۠��^GAƚ�U��NT�{���Xk]y�m,�y��~P�Y ]}�8�$����7.W�-V������R:��.F���^�$�����⹵2xޝ�t��q[j���g��^���� ��M��� �I+u�z��x� oLI8F�n�MP�t��@x�����hd-�}pU���A��h�s0��'��ha)v������^���0jm|t"�4�_L;���S�����I#�J�6j^a����ޱ�v� :�+u�u��kp�{GT=�x����#�h�6w��(�̙�� +Ȫ��"̷� 2wf_`FL�fa6�z�u�bv��z�s*sX�A ������4�v�P��,8��wvG��&n�2͐��f�)�G����'f[�1�% 4�d}�2!� L&�=��#U��8���)2��� Z��`+U�qFPц� s��0��8�D皷�]�|Ou��E^�r)�1�Tj��Q�z�$���BN�ˋ)�g�v��ԁK���t=�گ9�2J�t�@�~"��G��Uc��8� è�� o��;.�h��pR���(Q�� �k�z^�{ ��!���Q�PâN5B�Q_�,L�pd�c�$��C9:���lK��y*�ym6w��eʝ���[�.' [11], Further development of quantum field theory changed the focus of searching for unified field theory from classical to quantum description. Alien Worlds: Search for Extra-Solar Planets and Extraterrestrial Life. Renormalization Theory; Supergeometry and Supersymmetry; Introduction to Conformal Field Theory; Textbook and Lecture Notes. x Content This is an advanced course on classical physics, including mechanics and classical field theory. Newtonian gravitation is now superseded by Einstein's theory of general relativity, in which gravitation is thought of as being due to a curved spacetime, caused by masses. During the years between the two World Wars, the idea of unification of gravity with electromagnetism was actively pursued by several mathematicians and physicists like Albert Einstein, Theodor Kaluza,[6] Hermann Weyl,[7] Arthur Eddington,[8] Gustav Mie[9] and Ernst Reichenbacher. Prerequisites The electromagnetic field at any point in spacetime is described by the antisymmetric (0,2)-rank electromagnetic field tensor, To obtain the dynamics for this field, we try and construct a scalar from the field. Instead of using two vector fields describing the electric and magnetic fields, a tensor field representing these two fields together is used. This is a function that, when subjected to an action principle, gives rise to the field equations and a conservation law for the theory. [10], Early attempts to create such theory were based on incorporation of electromagnetic fields into the geometry of general relativity. where σ is a source function (as a density, a quantity per unit volume) and φ the scalar potential to solve for. The course develops basic theoretical skills and understanding that form a necessary preparation to many modern developments of theoretical physics. A course in the fundamental ideas and applications of classical and quantum statistical mechanics. R The force exerted by I on a nearby charge q with velocity v is. describe how this curvature is produced by matter and radiation, where Gab is the Einstein tensor. The important mathematical framework, and the approach to describing physical systems developed in these fields of study, are applicable to much of modern physics, and provide an essential … is the volume form in curved spacetime. With the advent of special relativity, a more complete formulation using tensor fields was found. We in general in full scale book reviews by educated individuals to connect with you to locate the best new books. In classical field theory one instead studies functionals on mapping spaces on higher dimensional domains.. They are determined by Maxwell's equations, a set of differential equations which directly relate E and B to the electric charge density (charge per unit volume) ρ and current density (electric current per unit area) J. Modern formulations of classical field theories generally require Lorentz covariance as this is now recognised as a fundamental aspect of nature. Of particular interest are classical field theories that are gauge theories. The physical interpretation is that there are no magnetic monopoles. The Klein Gordon Equation, its solutions and their physical interpretation. μ The action. That should include the necessary linear algebra, group theory and classical field theory, because GR is itself a field theory. {\displaystyle T} is fundamental, Of particular interest are classical field theories that are gauge theories. Therefore, Evaluating the derivative of the Lagrangian density with respect to the field components, and the derivatives of the field components, obtains Maxwell's equations in vacuum. Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism describes the interaction of charged matter with the electromagnetic field. Advances In Classical Field Theory Advances In Classical Field Theory by Asher Yahalom. A classical field theory of gravity and electromagnetism is developed. Notes for Classical Field Theory Section 1: Simple eld theory 1 Simple eld theory 1.1 Introduction to eld theory You are probably already familiar with the notion of electric and magnetic elds. We can similarly describe the electric field E so that F = qE. endobj can be constructed from φ and its derivatives. Solutions of the vacuum field equations are called vacuum solutions. [11] The first option is based in relaxing the conditions imposed on the original formulation, and the second is based in introducing other mathematical objects into the theory. ) g For many purposes only the monopole, dipole, and quadrupole terms are needed in calculations. The first field theories, Newtonian gravitation and Maxwell's equations of electromagnetic fields were developed in classical physics before the advent of relativity theory in 1905, and had to be revised to be consistent with that theory. [11] From that, a theory called Kaluza-Klein Theory was developed. A classical field theory of gravity and electromagnetism is developed. The mass continuity equation is a continuity equation, representing the conservation of mass. Incidentally, this similarity arises from the similarity between Newton's law of gravitation and Coulomb's law. A field theory tends to be expressed mathematically by using Lagrangians. R Click Download or Read Online catch to get free books. Each student is required to demonstrate proficiency in a broad range of fields of physics by obtaining honor grades (B- or better) in at least eight half-courses: a minimum of four core courses and an additional four elective courses. Prerequisites: PHYS 6250 with a minimum grade of D-Term Offered: Fall 15 0 obj Learning Outcomes and Assessment. Advances In Classical Field Theory Advances In Classical Field Theory by Asher Yahalom. %�쏢 The free massive relativistic scalar field. 22 0 obj This time, they introduce readers to Einstein's special relativity and Maxwell's classical field theory. For the second, the most prominent example arises from the concept of the affine connection that was introduced into the theory of general relativity mainly through the work of Tullio Levi-Civita and Hermann Weyl. {\displaystyle {\sqrt {-g}}\,\mathrm {d} ^{4}x} The course will cover the … Modern formulations of classical field theories generally require Lorentz covariance as this is now recognised as a fundamental aspect of nature. This is the starting point of the equivalence principle, which leads to general relativity. Renormalization Theory; Supergeometry and Supersymmetry; Introduction to Conformal Field Theory; Textbook and Lecture Notes.
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2020 prerequisites for classical field theory


After a dozen attempts to reach someone to correct account mistake and dunning notices, finally got "steve" from cancellation department who most genially agreed to rectify all problems and send a return label for a second unit. After a week with no action, called again and spoke with a lovely lady who said she would personally follow up. Weeks later, still no action - called again, left on line forever with no answer, for the umpteenth time.
They have the worst and most dishonest customer service. I was appalled!
Tip for consumers: Find another provider who gives proper service.


The MS2681A Spectrum Analyzer delivers optimum performance over the wide dynamic range (156 dB, typical value), wide resolution bandwidth (20 MHz), and the high-speed sweep (refresh rate of 20 times/s), required for evaluating next-generation radio communication systems and devices.
With optional analysis software, the MS2681A becomes more than a Spectrum Analyzer as it performs analysis on digital communication standards.
Adds RMS detection and expands resolution bandwidth to 10 Hz to 1 MHz.
Installs a pre-amplifier with 20 dB gain typical value and frequency range from 100 kHz to 3 GHz.
Allows external control via 10BASE-T.
Mounts 4 connectors for I/Q sync input and operating input (BNC type) to the front panel.
Measurement software corresponding to I/Q input is required for actual measurement.
Mounts 2 connectors for I/Q synch inputs and operating inputs (BNC type) to the front panel.
Disables the power switch on the front panel.
Power is automatically reset after the line is restored.
Mounts an IEC standard rack mount.
Eliminates the standard tilt handle.
Mounts a JIS standard rack mount.


Safety is a big issue of course as we take many passengers into the ocean! We use your Shark Shields in regard to deter sharks while working!
I did not have my unit turned on while free diving with dolphins and was recently attacked by a 3 metre Tiger Shark! My first reaction was to punch and then try pushing the shark away while a very brave passenger pulled the tail! I remembered my Shark Shield wasn't on so I immediately turned it on and the shark dropped me and swam away as quick as it came!
I believe that if I didn't turn the Shark Shield on, I would not be alive today! The Shark Shield saved my life as well as everyone around me in the water. Never again will I enter the water without my unit turned on!
Company policy is to recommend the use of Shark Shield against sharks only in their investigative mode if possible. Nevertheless, we have a number of examples where Shark Shield has stopped large sharks in full attack mode. The most spectacular was a diver off Perth who was the subject of a savage attack by a large Great White. He was in the shark"s mouth with his blood in the water, when his dive buddy, who was wearing a Shark Shield, swam to him and the shark immediately fled the area.
The following day, we presented the "victim" with a Shark Shield on Channel 10. He held it up to the Camera and said "this is a Shark Shield ,it saved my life ,I will never go into the water again without one.
You may have caught an abbreviated part of the White Pointer encounter put in the full test review of the Shark Shield on www.digitalreviews.net , but here"s the full story. Having been a recreation swimmer/spear fisher and professional shell diver for approximately 40 years, diving up to 15 km off the coast and 60 metres deep, I"ve had all sorts of encounters with sharks. From having to &'smokie" a 3.5 metre Bronze whaler (silly move) then being back to back with the buddy, pushing them off when 11 or 12 more of them sensed the blood. The choice being for us to go up and die, (7 minutes into decompression after a 44 metre dive) or stay down and maybe die. We chose the latter on that occasion.
Even though we were not shooting fish on the many excursions we encountered sharks, no matter what the species, they always seemed to do a circle around us, usually not in any hasty or aggravated manner, but a cruise to see what was happening. Were we edible, maybe???
Saturday the 10 December 2008 the sun beams down, clear skies, no wind, another magic day. We decide to shoot some fish and therefore we must go away from where other divers may go to look at the beautiful life beneath the sea. We head to Cosy Corner and run the boat well out, away from islands and pick a spot in open water where it"s about 15 metres deep. Throw on the Scuba gear, velcro strap the borrowed Freedom7 Sharkshield on to my ankle whilst having a shot at my buddy about wearing an old model Freedom 4 and we are good to go.
Away I go and decide this will be the last fish, pick the lateral line and with a good solid &'thunk" I have my fish. With blood all round me I realise this will be the last fish as he is too big to get fully into the bag, so I pull out the hand spear paralyser"s prongs and with the Queenie"s tail sticking well out of the catch bag, I turn to go.
Whoa, what"s this; my buddy has a fearful expression on his face and is giving frantic shark signals. I can see nothing but decide &'discretion is the better part of velour" so let"s get to the boat. Once in the boat my buddy finally becomes coherent and tells me how a 4-5 metre Grey and White shark arrowed down towards me as I was putting the fish in the catch bag. &'It got to within 5-6 metres of you, gave an immense shiver, veered then departed as quickly as it came" he said. I shudder to think what may have happened with no Shark Shield as here is one of the most feared sharks, the White Pointer, lining up my catch for tea (maybe with me as dessert) and yet he departs as quickly as he came.
It"s the difference between encounters that interests me and the fact that he gave a shake, and then goes away and does not return.


text:
Q: How to use list comprehension with .extend list method? For example, this snippet:
out = []
for foo in foo_list:
    out.extend(get_bar_list(foo)) # get_bar_list return list with some data
return out

How to shorten this code using list comprehension?

A: You can use a generator expression and consume it with itertools.chain:
from itertools import chain

out = list(chain.from_iterable(get_bar_list(foo) for foo in foo_list))

A: You can use a nested list-comprehension:
out = [foo for sub_item in foo_list for foo in get_bar_list(sub_item)]

FWIW, I always have a hard time remembering exactly what order things come in for nested list comprehensions and so I usually prefer to use itertools.chain (as mentioned in the answer by Moses).  However, if you really love nested list-comprehensions, the order is the same as you would encounter them in a normal loop (with the innermost loop variable available for the first expression in the list comprehension):
for sub_item in foo_list:
    for foo in get_bar_list(sub_item):
        out.append(foo)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Suffice to say the trip surpassed our expectations in every conceivable way. Our guide Leon was fantastic not only as a naturalist but as an engaging, amusing companion for our tour, he was extremely patient given our relative lack of knowledge of African wildlife and he satisfied our needs completely.
Dave and Liz Hallam, Worcestershire, England.
In March 2014 I went on the "Butterflies of South Africa" tour with your company. It was an unforgettable experience and I wanted to express my thanks. I'd like to thank all the people in the office who organised and planned it. I'd like also like to thank our tour guides Bert and John who executed the plan so well. They were two lovely guys who were friendly, approachable, resourceful, and had the most incredible encyclopaedic knowledge of the fauna and flora of the country. Just totally awesome! Honestly I consider myself very fortunate to have met them.
We would like to thank Mavourneen for all the help putting our holiday together. The tour was planned easily /efficiently; and you were prompt and informative especially following the floods in the Limpopo area. Leon Marais was excellent and made the whole trip very enjoyable. It felt more like travelling with a friend. His knowledge really was very good especially in the "Twitchier" portion.
Our guides Leon Marais and John Davies were the best; from finding the birds, to knowing the history of the areas to making sure that we were always comfortable – they were the greatest!
Thanks to Nic's and Kim's help, we saw 333 species of birds, many mammals and reptiles, and a lot of very beautiful scenery and plant life. I liked the pacing of the trip and feel that I saw a great amount of wildlife in a short time.
It is only now on Sunday that I am enjoying a quiet few moments after our most successful trip to your part of the world, with huge thanks to you for all your help. Also, it was very kind of you to meet us at the airport on our arrival. You don't know how overjoyed we were to see a kind and friendly face on our arrival at Nelspruit airport. Again, Mavourneen, Valerie and I cannot thank you enough for all the trouble you went to in arranging all our accommodation in the KNP – everything went like clockwork. I have to give a presentation to my local Glamorgan Wildlife Photographic Club where I shall also take the opportunity to promote Lawson's Birding!!!!
Great thanks to Leon for making it such a wonderful trip. He is so professional, punctual, friendly, patient (with non-expert birders), accommodating and fun to be with.
My wife and I recently took a two week safari in South Africa with Lawson's and to say it exceeded our expectations is an understatement. The company and our guide, Leon, were professional, organized, knowledgeable, attentive and very thorough. We were interested in a trip that combined birding and mammal viewing. Lawson's put together an itinerary that was perfect and included Mapungubwe National Park, the Kruger National Park and surrounding areas. The number of species of birds and mammals was fantastic. Leon was very knowledgeable about not only birds and mammals but natural history in general. He is a superb spotter and because of that we saw a great many birds and mammals we would not have otherwise. He knew the entire region intimately and took us on small roads to out of the way ponds and areas that held great birds and mammals. We would not hesitate to give Lawson's the highest recommendation.
Gerard and Alice Lillie, Portland, Oregon.
I just wanted to let you know how impressed I was with John and Jason who led our tour for Naturetrek. Their knowledge was great and their attitude was fantastic. Every thought was given to our welfare and enjoyment without them making any great fuss. Their skills were greatly appreciated.
I would like to thank Lawson's for a great birding trip to Uganda, and especially the guide, John Davies, who was always enthusiastic, helpful and interesting. He was extremely observant in the field, knowledgeable, seemingly tireless and exceptionally patient with the group. Well done John!


"[C]onservatism ... has ruined the nation. Conservatives do not have ideas; they have interests. Conservatives are not "thinkers"; they are rationalizers who give an intellectual gloss to their belief that an alliance of predatory businesspeople and religious extremists should rule the rest of us." --Daniel Rosen (in response to Stephen F. Hayward: "The single largest defect of modern conservatism, in my mind, is its insufficient ability to challenge liberalism at the intellectual level...."
11 Dec 2009. A reader reacted to my characterizing climate change deniers as contrarians who challenge the evidence that human activities such as deforestation and human behaviors that result in more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are causing changes in our planet's climate that may prove devastating and irreversible. "Hang on!" he wrote. "I thought you were a skeptic! This issue is by no means cut and dried. If you have time I suggest you read the attached PDF file." Since I've addressed the issue of whether I'm a real or true skeptic elsewhere, I'll ignore that issue and get right to the defense of my characterization of climate change deniers.
First, let me acknowledge that scientists who produce scientific work that conflicts with the consensus of scientists on climate change are not necessarily contrarians. There is room in any complex scientific inquiry for a variety of opinions on how to interpret various sets of data.
Maybe Hayward thinks that an equivalent to Norman Borlaug will magically appear and solve the greenhouse gases problem the way Borlaug solved the population problem. I know; Borlaug transformed agriculture, but thanks to him billions of people got fed and bred. There would have been massive starvation on planet Earth had he not led the way to get more food from less soil, but there has been a price for his wonderful work in terms of water tables, amounts of pesticides and fertilizers in the soil and our food, and in population growth. If population growth is not halted there will be catastrophic consequences in the future. Some are hoping that genetic engineering or even synthesizing food products in the lab will enable us to feed an ever-growing number of eaters. The costs in pollution, water usage, etc., will not be trivial. Climate change could turn out to be much worse than current models predict.* When China, India, and Africa demand their place at the carbon emissions table, how will the world turn? Consider that every day in China more than 1,000,000 pigs are consumed. Much of the feed for those pigs comes from Brazil. Guess how the Brazilians are expanding their grain production? They destroy rainforest. Cabals and hysteria, indeed.
Hayward begins his article with a common ploy of climate change deniers: "Global temperatures stopped rising a few years ago, much to the dismay of the climate campaigners." Not true.
Hayward doesn't address the two other main indications of global warming: worldwide loss of snow and ice, and rising sea levels, perhaps because his non-admonished thieves don't have anything in those areas. Anyway, Hayward admits that "the emails do not in and of themselves reveal that catastrophic climate change scenarios are a hoax or without any foundation." He also admits that "Climate change is a genuine phenomenon, and there is a nontrivial risk of major consequences in the future." He doesn't like the attitude of some of the climate scientists, however. The emails reveal scientists who are not "disinterested investigators after the truth" but are "advocates for a preconceived conclusion about the issues at hand." That's his opinion, but it has nothing to do with the science. I don't think it's fair, however, to characterize advocates for catastrophic climate change as having "preconceived conclusions" simply because they are engaged in a real-life polemical war with politicians, oil companies, and propagandists for the "expanding markets is God's will" party.
It should also be noted that whatever malfeasance is discovered, if any is discovered at all, it will not take away from the science that has been done at East Anglia or elsewhere in the world. Some of the emails should be considered in the context of this polemical war. There is not a scientific debate going on about whether there is climate change and whether humans are a major contributing factor to that change. There is a polemical debate going on, which might lead otherwise disinterested scientists trying to figure out ways to keep oil company shills from distorting the data to make it look like climate science is a scam.
In the larger world of climate science, the Climate-gate story is overwhelmingly about one small but very important subfield--paleoclimatology, the effort to reconstruct the Earth's climate during the vast sweep of time before humans began measuring and recording observations about the weather.
There is considerable debate centered on the cause of 20th century climate change. Few people contest the idea that some of the recent climate changes are likely due to natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions, changes in solar luminosity, and variations generated by natural interactions between parts of the climate system (for example, oceans and the atmosphere). There were significant climate changes before humans were around and there will be non-human causes of climate change in the future.
Hayward devotes a good amount of heat and space to statistics. Remember the hockey stick? Remember the email by Jones that says he used "Mike's Nature trick"? Yes, the "trick" that was published in a science journal and was no secret. Rather than respond to Hayward, I urge the reader to go here and here and here and here for less biased evaluations of the "trick."
Perhaps the most damning email from the CRU circle is this July 2005 message from Phil Jones to climatologist John Christy of the University of Alabama: "As you know, I'm not political. If anything, I would like to see the climate change happen, so the science could be proved right, regardless of the consequences. This isn't being political, it is being selfish." Jones's attitude may not be exactly political, but it is certainly unscientific.
Why would Hayward expect every statement by a scientist to be scientific?
Witch hunts go in stages. First frenzy, when everybody damns the souls of people they don't know. Then confusion, as the first wave of contradictory facts comes in. Then deafening silence, as everybody studiously ignores the vicious slanders they uttered during the moment of maximum hysteria.
In the case of climategate, however, the deniers are never confused and will never reach the stage of silence. They know what they know and they know they're right. Therefore, when they accuse a group of scientists of being a "corrupt cabal," it doesn't count as vicious slander. It's business as usual. If you push them real hard, they might even tell you that they do what they do in Jesus' name. Halleluiah!
Plan B: Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble by Lester R. Brown From the introduction: Plan B is the only viable option simply because Plan A, continuing with business as usual, offers an unacceptable outcome—continuing environmental degradation and disruption and a bursting of the economic bubble. The warning signals are coming more frequently, whether they be collapsing fisheries, melting glaciers, or falling water tables. Thus far the wake-up calls have been local, but soon they could become global. Massive imports of grain by China—and the rise in food prices that would likely follow—could awake us from our lethargy.
But time is running out. Bubble economies, which by definition are artificially inflated, do not continue indefinitely. Our demands on the earth exceed its regenerative capacity by a wider margin with each passing day.
The Emails from the University of East Anglia's Climatic Research Unit - The Pew Center Although a small percentage of the emails are impolite and some express animosity toward opponents, when placed into proper context they do not appear to reveal fraud or other scientific misconduct by Dr. Jones or his correspondents.
Swifthack - a clearing house for articles on "climategate."
Skeptical Science - Examining the science of global warming skepticism Deniers "vigorously criticize any evidence that supports man-made global warming and yet eagerly, even blindly embrace any argument, op-ed piece, blog, or study that refutes global warming."
UN hits back at climate sceptics amid e-mails row The UN's official panel on climate change has hit back at skeptics' claims that the case for human influence on global warming has been exaggerated.
BBC News has posted 10 of the arguments most often made against the IPCC consensus, as well as some of the counter-arguments made by scientists who agree with the IPCC: Climate Skepticism: the Top 10.
'Acidifying oceans' threaten food supply, UK warns Ocean chemistry is changing because water absorbs extra CO2 from the air. Some believe this could be as big an impact of rising CO2 levels as climatic change, though it is rarely discussed within the UN climate convention.


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Ms. Karen Fisher appointed to Fidelity PAC Metals' Management Team
January 14, 2019 /in News /by Tom Pope
Tom Pope, President & CEO of Fidelity PAC Metals Ltd is pleased to announce the appointment of Ms. Karen Fisher to the position of "Sales Manager, Ontario & Western Canada".
This new position is representative of FidelityPAC's growing business and very importantly, the company's steadfast commitment of exclusively working in support of Canadian Distributors.
Ms. Fisher has 13 years of stainless industry experience, all 13 years directly working with stainless Mills & Distributors. Her 20+ year career includes experience in Customer Service, Sales, and Management.
At FidelityPAC, Ms. Fisher has worked directly with Distributors in Western Canada, Ontario, Quebec and the Atlantic Region.
Mr. Pope comments, "in recent years Karen has represented FidelityPAC throughout Canada, closely working with so many of our valued Distributors. Karen is an advocate of our company culture of cultivating trusting relationships, for the purpose of nurturing consultative, mutually beneficial business relationships with our Distributors".
In her role as "Sales Manager, Ontario & Western Canada", Karen assumes responsibility of Customer Relations, Strategy & Development, Pricing, and more.
Karen and the Distributors in her region, will have the full support of FidelityPAC's industry-leading Team of Inside Sales, Warehousing, Administration, Finance, Management, and the world's finest stainless mills.
Mr. Pope says, "I personally know of so many people (customers and co-workers) of whom will be very pleased to read this announcement; Karen's new role is a natural step resulting from her hard work, personal development, and a positive attitude; Karen's new role will be celebrated by many."
Fidelity PAC Metals Ltd, is a stocking Master Distributor, of Stainless Welded and Seamless Tube & Pipe, Valves, Fittings, Flanges, Round Bar, Angle, Flat, Square, and Hexagonal, with inventory in 3 separate locations:
Vancouver – Toronto – Montreal.
Fidelity sells exclusively to Distributors – "Always a Supplier, Never a Competitor".
Source: Fidelity PAC Metals Ltd – CANADA
http://www.fidelitypac.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/logo-fidelity2-300x103.png 0 0 Tom Pope http://www.fidelitypac.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/logo-fidelity2-300x103.png Tom Pope2019-01-14 13:04:172019-01-22 16:58:27Ms. Karen Fisher appointed to Fidelity PAC Metals' Management Team
Fidelity PAC Metals Ltd is expanding its warehousing in Vancouver Beth Shepherd has joined the Sales Team at Fidelity PAC Metals

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Awards / Film
Projects Funded
Nordic Council Film Prize
Nordic Talents
Nordisk Film & TV Fond Prize
Join Nordisk Film & TV Fond's biweekly newsletter!
Get the latest film- and TV industry news from the Nordics (e.g. interviews, admissions reports, trailers), monthly updates on projects funded by Nordisk Film & TV Fond, and information about our events and new initiatives.
WRITTEN BY: Annika Pham
Iceland's Hildur Guðnadóttir, Denmark's The Cave, in Oscar race
Hildur Guðnadóttir, Feras Fayyad / PHOTO: Rune Kongsgro, Stine Heilmann
Guðnadóttir for Best Original Score with Joker, The Cave directed by Feras Fayyad is running for Best Documentary.
Both Fayyad and Guðnadóttir are strong contenders in their respective categories.
The Cave won the People's Choice Documentary Award at the last Toronto Film Festival and Fayyad's previous film Last Men in Aleppo was Oscar nominated in 2018.
The Cave which follows the extraordinary work of Syrian female doctor Amani Ballour as she manages an underground hospital in Ghouta, outside Damascus, was produced by Kirstine Barfod and Sigrid Dyekjær for Danish Documentary, with co-financing from National Geographic Documentary Films, TV2 Denmark, and support among others from the Danish Film Institute.
Dyekjær told nordicfilmandtvnews.com: "Feras came to us and said he wanted a production company run by strong women. I'm grateful that he approached us. What I find so strong in The Cave is the story of women in a patriarchal society fighting for their rights in the middle of a war zone. To hear from the women directly is new. It's a personal and courageous portrait of women in the middle of a war that we've never seen before." Both Danish Documentary and National Geographic are working on an impact campaign to help women in war zones, through the Al Amal 'Hope' Fund https://www.kbfcanada.ca/en/projects/al-amal-hope-fund/
The Cave is handled internationally by Dogwoof who released it in UK cinemas in December via their own theatrical distribution arm. It opened in Denmark on January 9, 2020. The other documentaries competing at the Oscars are American Factory, The Edge of Democracy, For Sama and Honeyland.
Hildur Guðnadóttir has just picked up a Critics' Choice Award for her musical score for Todd Phillip's film Joker, and won earlier this month a Golden Globe, making her the first female solo composer to win the prestigious Hollywood award. The classically trained cellist is running at the Oscars against Alexandre Desplat for Little Women, Randy Newman for Marriage Story, Thomas Newman for 1917, and John Williams for Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker.
Guðnadóttir's name has been celebrated as well throughout 2019 for her outstanding composing work on HBO/Sky's mini-series Chernobyl for which she won an Emmy Award. She was a close collaborator to her co-national, the late Jóhann Jóhansson, twice Oscar nominated for Sicario and The Theory of Everything.
She won two Icelandic Edda Awards for her scores to Baltasar Kormákur's feature The Oath (2017) and the TV series Trapped (2016).
The winners of the 92nd Academy Awards will be announced Sunday, February 9.
RELATED POST TO : AWARDS / FILM / NORDICS
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After the burial of my father, my uncle conspired and sold my father's properties to a Chinese Expatriate and lives nothing for me, on a faithful morning I opened my father's briefcase and found out the documents which he have deposited huge amount of money in a Security Company in Accra-Ghana with my name as the next of kin.
I traveled to Accra-Ghana to withdraw the money so that I can start a better life and take care of myself.On my arrival, the manager of the Security Company whom I met in person told me that my father's instruction to the Security Company that the money should not be release to me only when I am married or present a trustee who will help me and invest the money overseas.
Though you may wonder why I am so soon revealing myself to you without knowing you, well, I will say that my mind convinced me that you are the true person to help me.
More so, I will like to disclose much to you if you can help me to relocate to your country because my uncles have threatened to assassinate me. The amount is $10.6 Million. You will also help me to place the money in a more profitable business venture in your Country.
However, you will help by recommending a nice University in your country so that I can complete my studies.
It is my intention to compensate you with 30% of the total money for your services and the balance shall be my capital in your establishment.
As soon as I receive your interest in helping me, I will put things into action immediately. In the light of the above, I shall appreciate an urgent message indicating your ability and willingness to handle this transaction sincerely.
Please do keep this only to your self,I beg you not to disclose it till I come over because I am afraid of my wicked uncle who has threatened to kill me. Am in the refugee camp here in Accra-Ghana.


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Due Process and Accountability
A 'Reckless' Disciplinary Process Contributed to Stanford Goalie's Suicide, Lawsuit Says
By Sylvia Goodman
Jamie Schwaberow, NCAA Photos, Getty Images
Katie Meyer defending the goal in 2019. The soccer player's family says a disciplinary letter led to her death in March.
The family of Katie Meyer, a 22-year-old soccer star who died by suicide in March, filed a wrongful-death lawsuit last week against Stanford University. Meyer was found unresponsive in her dorm room days after the university had sent her a disciplinary letter.
"Katie's suicide was completed without planning and solely in response to the shocking and deeply distressing information she received from Stanford while alone in her room without any support or resources," states the lawsuit, filed Wednesday in Santa Clara County (Calif.) Superior Court.
The lawsuit maintains that the letter was the main reason Meyer took her life and was a type of "institutional bullying." Meyer's death and the resulting lawsuit, student-conduct experts told The Chronicle, signal that student-misconduct investigations should treat both the accuser and the accused with compassion while balancing a university's legal obligations and a student's right to due process.
The disciplinary letter, emailed to Meyer one evening in February after university offices had closed, regarded an incident from six months earlier. Meyer had spilled coffee on a Stanford football player while riding her bike, which the university said "resulted in physical injury." The lawsuit says Meyer thought he had sexually assaulted one of her teammates, a minor at the time. The football player received no disciplinary action for the alleged assault, the lawsuit states.
The disciplinary letter said that the charges could lead to Meyer's expulsion and that the university would place a hold on her degree, pending the outcome of a hearing, just three months before she was to graduate, causing Meyer undue distress, according to the lawsuit.
Kim Dougherty, a partner at the Justice Law Collaborative and a lawyer representing Meyer's family, said that the case represents an "egregious and reckless mishandling" of Stanford's disciplinary process and that the process was selectively used against Meyer.
"From the onset, there was no reasonable basis, nor sufficient evidence, for Stanford to bring such harsh and aggressive disciplinary charges for purported 'spilled coffee,'" the lawsuit states. "And the threats levied against Katie by Stanford employees were unwarranted, overly punitive, without due care and reckless."
In a statement, university officials said the claims were "false and misleading."
"The Stanford community continues to grieve Katie's tragic death and we sympathize with her family for the unimaginable pain that Katie's passing has caused them," the statement said. "However, we strongly disagree with any assertion that the university is responsible for her death."
The university said that it had responded to the alleged assault, in which "a football player kissed one of Katie's soccer teammates without her permission." While the university reported the allegation to its Title IX office and the police, the office did not conduct an investigation since the incident did not meet certain unnamed criteria, according to the university's statement.
What can we do to hold a student accountable? But also, how are we making sure that they are being taken care of?
The Student Justice Project, a group of Stanford alumni, students, and parents who investigate student-rights violations at the university, criticized Stanford's denial of blame in Meyer's death. The group pointed to a 2021 internal investigation that found Stanford's disciplinary process to be "punitive," after which the university announced it would reform the system in 2023.
"Stanford has to candidly assess the role they played here, and the damage they have caused to so many other students for over a decade," Robert P. Ottilie, one of the coalition's members, said in a written statement.
Patience D. Bryant, president of the Association for Student Conduct Administrators and director of Black/African American equity at San Jose State University, said that while she is not intimately familiar with Stanford's student-misconduct system, it is not unusual for a university to investigate before deciding to hold a hearing, which might account for the length of time between the incident and the disciplinary letter.
Bryant said that universities are legally required to provide students with a full list of the possible outcomes of any disciplinary investigation.
"They want you to know that these are the possibilities so that you can prepare or the university can support you or your adviser can prepare across all the possibilities," Bryant said. "We do a disservice when we don't prepare our students. But what is that line?" The line, Bryant said, between an unbiased investigation and an overly formulaic one that doesn't take into account the full intricacies of a given situation can be difficult to decipher.
Martha Compton, who has worked in student conduct at several colleges and now works at the higher-education consulting firm Grand River Solutions, said that while colleges must provide a full list of potential consequences, they can include additional context to help students understand the likelihood of different outcomes. She also said universities should be mindful of their language, avoiding "legalese" and making room for compassion and additional resources.
Stanford said the disciplinary letter offered Meyer an adviser and told her she could choose a support person to attend meetings with the community-standards office. The university also said the head of that office told Meyer "several days" before she received the letter that a decision on whether to proceed with a hearing was coming.
While the university said Meyer was given a number to call "for immediate support," the lawsuit says the university should have conducted a wellness check after she emailed a response expressing her dismay and shock.
According to the lawsuit, the football player did not bring the university case against Meyer and instead wanted to "make amends." Dougherty, the family's lawyer, said that was another sign that the case was blown out of proportion and that Meyer "should never have been charged in the first place."
Bryant said tragic cases like Meyer's make her and other student-conduct administrators take stock and think further about how the processes can and should be improved to better serve students, especially in light of growing numbers of students with anxiety and other mental-health concerns.
"My heart goes out to that family. The loss of a young person is never easy to take," Bryant said. "We're asking ourselves these questions: What can we do to hold a student accountable? But also, how are we making sure that they are being taken care of?"
Compton points out that the pandemic wreaked havoc on student emotional development and shook their support systems. While it doesn't necessarily apply to Meyer's situation, she said, students face the greatest difficulties when they feel they have hit a dead end or have no one else to turn to.
"The bigger challenge is helping students build support networks before they ever run into problems," Compton said. "Some students just don't know how to connect with people ... in times of crisis. The institution can offer all the help in the world, but somebody has to be willing and able to accept."
Dougherty said one of the goals of the lawsuit is to protect students who face similar situations and ensure that appropriate support mechanisms are in place. Aside from changing the process at Stanford, specifically, Dougherty pointed to Katie's Save, an organization Meyer's family created to make sure students don't have to navigate alarming news and complicated systems on their own. Colleges can employ the system, which allows students to designate a trusted advocate who can be notified on their behalf at potential crisis points — like if a student goes to the emergency room or visits an on-campus mental-health counselor.
"In situations where students may be facing something challenging, they should have the support mechanisms in place," Dougherty said. "So they're not alone."
Health & WellnessCampus SafetyRisk Management
Sylvia Goodman
Sylvia Goodman is a reporting fellow at The Chronicle. Email her at sylvia.goodman@chronicle.com, or find her on Twitter @sylviaruthg.


August marks the last time families have a chance to vacation together before the start of school, so to make sure you make the most of your time in the City Beautiful, keep reading to find out all your entertainment options for Orlando this month. From what's happening in the local theme parks to dinner shows and performances at the Dr. Phillips Performing Arts Center, there are endless ways to enjoy a family vacation to Central Florida!
Our No. 1 recommendation for August is the hottest new show to hit Orlando, Rock Dinner Show! Located in the heart of the tourist epicenter of Central Florida on International Drive, the Rock Dinner Show is a dining and entertainment experience that is unrivaled in the area. Join the legendary cast of performers who take you on a high-energy musical journey from the most iconic pop and rock stars of all-time. The Vegas-style entertainment isn't the only attraction for the Rock Dinner Show, however. Executive chef Russell T. Booth has curated a menu consisting of a wedge salad, choice of an entrée (scallopini of chicken, braised short rib or vegan pasta primavera) and a double chocolate mousse-filled cupcake for dessert that is sure to please even the pickiest of eaters!
With its high-energy music, sensational dancing and dazzling special effects, the Rock Dinner Show is the hottest dinner show on the market in Orlando today. Visit Orlando.ShowTickets.com to ensure that it's a part of your next Central Florida vacation!
The Amway Center has two highly-anticipated concert tours coming to the Amway Center in August. Fans of Shakira won't want to miss their chance to see the pop sensation in Orlando as she stops in Orlando August 14, while Alejandro Fernandez will play in Central Florida on August 26. Other events taking place in the Amway Center include Monster Jam on August 18 and The Ultimate Wealth and Achievement Summit featuring Tony Robbins, Robert Herjavec and Gary Vaynerchuk on August 28.
Fans of MLS soccer will have one opportunity to see Orlando's team in August, as the Orlando City Lions take the field August 24 against Atlanta United FC at Orlando City Stadium.
The Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts always has a diverse collection of shows playing, and August is no different, with a variety of concerts and shows taking center stage. Among those playing in the venue include: Star Wars: Return of the Jedi in Concert (August 25), The Athletes of Art (August 26) and My Brother, My Brother and Me (August 31).
The Walt Disney World Resort is heading straight from summer to the fall with some of the most popular special events that Disney has to offer! The highly-anticipated Epcot International Food & Wine Festival returns on August 30, beginning a 10+ week culinary journey through the world (and don't forget the Eat to the Beat concert series!). Also ushering in fall at the Magic Kingdom Park is Mickey's Not So Scary Halloween Party, which kicks off August 17 and offers families the chance to experience the park's top attractions, special shows, fireworks and a parade coupled with unlimited trick-or-treating on select nights.
With all of these shows and events taking place this August, there's no better way to finish out summer than in Central Florida!


At the beginning of 2011, I set a goal of doing 1 doula birth per month. Today is February 14 (Happy Valentine's Day by the way) and I've already had 2 births. They were both very similar and yet SO different. 2 moms with about the same level of partner support, approximately the same level of prenatal education (except prior birth experience), and both were getting regular chiropractic adjustments. Both moms hired me relatively late in their pregnancies and they both wanted a natural birth but were not completely opposed to drugs if needed so why were they so different???
Let me start with a little background. Momma "a" was having her 3rd baby and hired me because baby 2's birth was a bit traumatic. She was induced with cytotec (which I really, really don't like). We stayed in contact throughout the day and we both decided that I should meet her at the hospital around 4. I knew it was a bit early but it worked out good. We worked together for a while and mom decided to have her water broken at around 12 that night. She was 4am. 2 hours later, her 8 lb baby boy was born naturally while she was standing up holding onto me.
Momma "b" was having her first baby and hired me because she was from a country with a 90% (yes, you read that right) rate and she really wanted something different. She didn't even know she had a choice to have a natural birth until she was about 7 months. She was also induced but with pitocin and her water was broken right away when she was about 2 cm. She called me about 9am to say she was fine and she would check in soon. At 4 pm, she was 4 cm and had an epuridural. The dr was supposed to come check on her soon so she would call me after that. I tried to call her around 9 and never got an answer so I went up to the hospital to find she had a C-section. When the dr came and checked her, she was complete and was told to push. After 2 hours of pushing, she was told the baby wouldn't fit and she needed a C-section. Her baby was 7 lb 5 oz.
So what happened? I think there were 2 main factors in momma "a" having a natural birth: provider choice and focus. I don't mean focus in that mom "b" couldn't focus on birth but more that she was more focused on what she didn't want because that's all she knew. She had the expectation of a C-section even if that's what she didn't want. Momma "a" knew she could give birth so she expected she could have a natural birth. The second factor is provider choice. Momma "a" didn't choose a doctor/hospital that was known for supporting natural birth but momma "b" went to the hospital with the highest C-section rate in Atlanta. Momma "a's" doctor was at least willing to work with her and was willing to be flexible.
So where do we go from here? Do your research, do your research, do your research. It is never to early to start talking to your doctor about the birth you want. Make sure that your "team" really is on your team. Your care provider can be your best friend or your worst enemy. They can help you get around "hospital policy" or they can make sure everyone is enforced. The reputation of the doctor is a good place to start but communication goes a long way. If you can talk to your doctor and develop a mutual respect, it will go a long way when it's decision time.
Secondly, focus on what you want. A good childbirth class, like Hypnobabies, will go a long way to increase your confidence and knowledge. If you really want to buy a new car, you're not going to spend hours on researching horse breeds. Likewise, if you really want a natural, beautiful birth, you don't need to focus on C-sections and drug interventions. What you focus on will expand so focus on what you want. There is no such thing as a perfect birth, but there are things you can do to get in that general area. Have a good support team around you and focus on what you want.
Wow, I am so sad for the second mom. Your insights are telling. She expected probably deep inside she would have a cesarean. But with the right care provider and if she had called to have you THERE, she might have had a different outcome.


Trying to make sense of government regulations and turning a complex year-long process into a digestible, simple to use, reference guide is a tall order. That was the problem faced by a national medical association with the goal to help their members meet federal reporting requirements. PSC was chosen to help modernize the association's application to increase member compliance amidst challenging governmental requirements and deadlines.
The U.S. government's Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA) was due to be fully implemented by the end of 2017. The MACRA regulations were put in place to provide a structured reimbursement process for doctors who were treating Medicare patients. For doctors and other medical professionals to meet the MACRA requirements, they must meet several reporting goals throughout the year.
Additionally, some of the submission methods were time dependent. For full compliance, reports must be submitted for a full 12 months, and to achieve minimum compliance, submissions were required for a minimum of 90 days. Providing the tools to help with member compliance was critical to the association team.
The requirements for complete MACRA compliance were set to start Jan 1st. The project did not begin until the second quarter, immediately putting the development team under pressure. Meeting the mid-year release date was essential to ensure that the proper tools and assistance were available once association members started to pay attention to the requirements necessary for completing the year. Members of the association thought that the regulations were hard to understand and they needed clear guidance.
The association had previously created a web-based, desktop accessible knowledge base. The new application needed to build on the existing application and be accessible on mobile devices. There was minimal documentation on the original application, and it was not compliant with the association's IT policies. Continued development required multiple waivers and exceptions.
Since the process of compliance takes many months, many users would need to re-visit the application for reference over time, so there needed to be a way to register users and seamlessly record progress.
Due to the complexity of the regulations (there were over 120 different options for meeting varying levels of compliance), the application required a significant amount of testing across a broad range of web-accessible devices/browsers.
PSC worked directly with the business owners and IT support staff to provide a mobile-accessible, web-based capability to assist users to comply with the timeline for submission/milestones, based on their unique situations.
The application presents users with a series of questions and answers. To achieve compliance, members had to attain one of three main levels: minimum, partial and full. Twelve different logical "paths" through the application led to the attainment of the three distinct levels. Depending on the input, users navigated through one of these paths to the final steps necessary for compliance.
Each of the twelve paths presented the user with either a set of questions to derive more information about their situation or provided the date sensitive information necessary for them to meet compliance based on their situation. The variance in the required paths and steps within each reflected the amount of participation in Medicare, the size of the medical practice, the maturity of reporting practices and other relevant information.
Based on the time of year that the user started to use the tool and their answers to the questions, certain date-based gateway milestones are required. If the application determines that compliance is in jeopardy or failing, it suggests alternative paths. In this manner, the application assists members in making the best of their current situation and provides guidance on how to improve it.
The application is available to registered association members and anonymous non-members as a general reference tool. The benefit to members is that the app automatically saves their progress through the question and answer timeline and when they return to the app, their progress is retained. Non-members were able to use the reference guide but had to start from question 1 each time they returned to the app.
Planning tools are available so that once the previous year's submissions were complete, suggestions for where and when to begin the process again were available. The system is now value add for users and process compliant for all involved.
The existing application was created in a manner which was not compliant with IT policies. It did not conform to best development practices and the programming constructs used were non-standard.
The project timeline was shortened due to compliance requirements.
The original application was not accessible on all devices.
PSC created a secure, modern, web-based application accessible on desktop, tablet, and mobile devices.
The team achieved project completion through a clear and concise timeline with steps and dates necessary to meet the desired level of compliance.
Association members had their progress saved so that during the year they did not have to start the timeline again upon returning to the site, saving valuable time for the following year's process.


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Chapter 1. Boost.Atomic

Helge Bahmann

Copyright © 2009 Helge Bahmann

        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
        file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

Table of Contents

 Introduction

 Presenting
      Boost.Atomic

 Purpose

 Programming interface

 Atomic objects

 Memory order

 Usage examples

      Reference counting

      Reference counting with weak references

 Spinlock

 Double-checked
      singleton pattern

 Wait-free
      ring buffer

 Wait-free multi-producer
      queue

 Implementing support for additional
    platforms

      Organization of class template layers

      Implementing platform-specific atomic operations

      Fences

      Putting it altogether

Reference

Header <boost/atomic.hpp>

 Tested compilers

Last revised: December 15, 2009 at 17:10:35 GMT

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Washington Park – CDP dell'Arizona
Washington Park – città della Carolina del Nord
Washington Park – CDP della Florida
Washington Park – villaggio dell'Illinois

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