text:
BURIAL PLACES OF GERMAN KINGS FROM A TO Z
BURIED IN AACHEN CATHEDRAL (Aachener Dom, Domhof):
King and Emperor OTTO III (+1002)
His viscera were buried in the Church of St Ulric and St Afra in Augsburg
ALTÖTTING (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF ST PHILIP AND JACOB (Altötting, Wallfahrtskirche Sankt Philipp und Jakob, Tillyplatz/Kapellplatz):
King CARLOMAN OF BAVARIA (+880)
ANDLAU (FRANCE)
BURIED IN THE PARISH CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL (Andlau, L'église paroissiale Saint Pierre-et-Paul, Rue Deharbe):
Queen and Empress RICHARDIS (+c. 894/896), consort of Emperor Charles III the Fat
ANDRIA (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF ANDRIA
(Andria, Duomo di Santa Maria Assunta, Piazza Duomo):
01. Queen and Empress ISABELLA OF JERUSALEM (Yolande of Brienne;+1228), consort of Emperor Frederick II
02. Queen and Empress ISABELLA OF ENGLAND (+1241), consort of Emperor Frederick II
BAMBERG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF BAMBERG
(Bamberger Dom, Domplatz):
01. King and Emperor HENRY II (+1024)
02. Queen and Empress KUNIGUNDE OF LUXEMBOURG (+1033), consort of Emperor Henry II
03. King CONRAD III (+1152)
BRATISLAVA (SLOVAKIA)
BURIED IN ST MARTIN'S CATHEDRAL
(Bratislava, Dóm sv. Martina, Rudnayovo námeste):
Queen SOPHIA OF BAVARIA (+1425), consort of King Wenceslaus.
The tomb has not been preserved.
BRNO (CZECH REPUBLIC)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF ST THOMAS
(Brno, kostel sv. Tomaše, Moravské náměsti):
King JOBST OF MORAVIA (+1411)
BRUNSWICK (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF ST BLASIUS
(Braunschweig, Dom St. Blasii, Domplatz):
01. King and Emperor OTTO IV (+1218)
02. Queen and Empress BEATRICE OF SWABIA (+1212), consort of Emperor Otto IV.
COLOGNE (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE BENEDICTINE ABBEY OF ST PANTALEON
(Köln, Benediktinerabtei St. Pantaleon, Am Pantaleonsberg):
Queen and Empress THEOPHANO OF BYZANTIUM (+991), consort of Emperor Otto II
COSENZA (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF COSENZA
(Cosenza, Cattedrale dell'Assunta, Piazza Duomo):
King HENRY HOHENSTAUF (+1242)
EBRACH (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CISTERCIAN ABBEY CHURCH
(Ebrach, Zisterzienserabteikirche, Marktplatz):
Queen GERTRUDE OF SULZBACH (+1146), wife of King Conrad III
FULDA (GERMANY)
BURIED IN FULDA ABBEY (Fulda Abtei, Domplatz):
King CONRAD I (+918).
The Abbey had been demolished and replaced by the Cathedral of Fulda and the tomb was lost. There is an epitaph only.
GENOA (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF SAN FRANCESCO DI CASTELLETTO (Genova, Chiesa di San Francesco di Castelletto):
Queen MARGARET OF BRABANT (+1311), consort of Emperor Henry VII.
The church and the tomb, by Giovanni Pisano, were demolished in 1798.
GRAZ (AUSTRIA)
BURIED IN THE IMPERIAL MAUSOLEUM
(Graz, Kaiserliches Mausoleum, Bürgergasse):
King and Emperor FERDINAND II (+1637).
His heart was buried in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
HAILES ABBEY (ENGLAND)
BURIED IN HAILES ABBEY:
01. King RICHARD OF CORNWALL (+1272).
His heart was buried in the Church of the Franciscan Friars Minor in Oxford.
02. Queen SANCHIA OF PROVENCE (+1261), consort of King Richard of Cornwall.
The abbey and the tombs were demolished in c. 1540 and only some ruins have remained.
HEIDELBERG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
(Heidelberg, Heilig Geist Kirche, Hauptstr.):
01. King RUPERT (+1410)
02. Queen ELIZABETH OF NUREMBERG (+1411), consort of King Rupert
INNSBRUCK (AUSTRIA)
THE COURT CHURCH (Innsbruck, Hofkirche, Universitätsstr.):
Cenotaph to King and Emperor MAXIMILIAN I (+1519).
Maximilian I was, however, not buried there, but in St George's Chapel in Wiener Neustadt.
BURIED IN THE MONASTERY OF THE CAVES
(Kyiv, Pecherska Lavra, vul. Sichnevogo Povstannya):
Queen and Empress ADELAIDE PRAXEDIS OF KIEV (+1109), consort of Emperor Henry IV
KÖNIGSLUTTER (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE BENEDICTINE ABBEY
(Königslutter, Kaiserdom, Abt-Fabricius-Weg):
01. King and Emperor LOTHAIR III (+1137)
02. Queen and Empress RICHENZA OF NORTHEIM (+1141), consort of Emperor Lothair III
LILIENFELD (AUSTRIA)
BURIED IN THE CISTERCIAN ABBEY (Stift Lilienfeld, Klosterrotte):
Queen MARGARET OF BABENBERG (+1266), consort of King Henry Hohenstauf
LORCH (GERMANY)
BURIED IN LORCH ABBEY (Kloster Lorch, Klosterstr.):
Queen IRENE OF BYZANTIUM (+1208), consort of King Philip of Swabia
LORSCH (GERMANY)
(Lorsch, Benediktinische Kloster, Nibelungenstr.):
01. King LOUIS I THE GERMAN (+876)
02. King LOUIS II THE YOUNGER(+882)
03. Queen KUNIGUNDE (+after 915), consort of King Conrad I
The abbey was demolished in the 17th century.
LOUVAIN/LEUVEN (BELGIUM)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF ST PETER
(Louvain/Leuven, Sint Pieterskerk, Margarethaplein):
Empress MARY OF BRABANT (+1260), consort of Emperor Otto IV
BURIED IN THE MONASTERY OF DISCALCED FRANCISCANS (Madrid, Monasterio de las Descalzas Reales, calle de la Misericordia):
Queen and Empress MARY OF SPAIN (+1603), consort of Emperor Maximilian II
MAGDEBURG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF ST MAURICE (Magdeburg, Dom St. Mauritius und St. Katharina, Domplatz):
01. King and Emperor OTTO I THE GREAT (+973)
02. Queen EDITH OF ENGLAND (+947), consort of Emperor Otto I the Great
MESSINA (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE BASILICA OF THE ASSUMPTION OF ST MARY (Messina, Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta, Piazza del Duomo):
King CONRAD IV (+1254).
The tomb was destroyed in the past.
MIDDELBURG (THE NETHERLANDS)
BURIED IN THE ABBEY CHURCH (Middelburg, Abdijkerken-Koorkerk, Groenmarkt/Koorkerkstraat):
01. King WILLIAM OF HOLLAND (+1256)
02. Queen ELIZABETH OF BRUNSWICK (+1266), consort of King William of Holland
MUNICH (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF OUR LADY
(München, Frauenkirche, Frauenplatz):
01. King and Emperor LOUIS IV THE BAVARIAN (+1347).
His heart was buried in the Abbey of Fürstenfeld in Fürstenfeldbruck.
02. Queen BEATRICE OF SILESIA-GŁOGÓW (+1322), consort of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian
BURIED IN THE THEATINE CHURCH
(München, Theatinerkirche St. Kajetan, Theatinerstrasse):
01. King and Emperor CHARLES VII ALBERT (+1745).
His heart was buried in the Holy Chapel in Altötting.
02. Queen and Empress MARIA AMALIA OF AUSTRIA (+1756), consort of Emperor Charles VII Albert.
Her heart was buried in the Holy Chapel in Altötting.
NAGYVÁRAD/ORADEA (RUMANIA)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF VÁRAD FORTRESS:
King and Emperor SIGISMUND OF LUXEMBOURG (+1437).
The burial church of Várad Fortress and the royal tombs inside it were demolished by the Turks in the 17th c.
OXFORD (ENGLAND)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF THE FRANCISCAN FRIARS MINOR/GREYFRIARS:
Queen BEATRICE OF FALKENBURG (+1277), consort of King Richard of Cornwall.
The church was demolished in the past.
PALERMO (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL (Cattedrale di Palermo, Via dell'Incoronazione/Via Vittorio Emanuele):
01. King and Emperor HENRY VI (+1197)
02. Queen and Empress CONSTANCE (+1198), consort of Emperor Henry VI
03. King and Emperor FREDERICK II (+1250)
04. Queen CONSTANCE OF ARAGON (+1222), consort of Emperor Frederick II
BURIED IN THE AUGUSTINIAN CONVENT
(Paris, Couvent des Grands-Augustins):
Queen AGNES OF BURGUNDY (+1323), consort of King Rudolph I
The convent was demolished after 1789.
PISA (ITALY)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF PISA
(Pisa, Duomo, Piazza del Duomo):
King and Emperor HENRY VII (+1313)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF ST VITUS (Praha, chram sv. Vita):
01. King and Emperor CHARLES IV (+1378)
02. Queen BLANCHE OF VALOIS (+1348), consort of Emperor Charles IV
03. Queen ANNE OF THE PALATINATE (+1353), consort of Emperor Charles IV
04. Queen and Empress ANNE OF ŚWIDNICA (+1362), consort of Emperor Charles IV
05. Queen and Empress ELIZABETH OF POMERANIA (+1393), consort of Emperor Charles IV
06. King WENCESLAUS (+1419)
07. Queen JOANNA OF BAVARIA (+1386), consort of King Wenceslaus
08. Queen and Empress BARBARA OF CILLI (+1451), consort of Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg
09. King and Emperor FERDINAND I (+1564)
10. Queen ANNE JAGIELLONIAN OF BOHEMIA AND HUNGARY (+1547), consort of King (later Emperor) Ferdinand I
11. King and Emperor MAXIMILIAN II (+1576)
12. King and Emperor RUDOLPH II (+1612)
QUEDLINBURG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF ST SERVATIUS
(Quedlinburg, Stiftskirche St. Servatius, Schlossberg):
01. King HENRY I THE FOWLER (+936)
02. Queen MATILDA (+968), consort of King Henry I the Fowler
REGENSBURG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN ST EMMERAM'S BASILICA
(Regensburg, St. Emmeram Basilika, Emmeramplatz):
01. Queen EMMA (+876), consort of King Louis I the German
02. King and Emperor ARNULF OF CARINTHIA (+899).
03. Queen and Empress ODA (+after 903), consort of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia.
04. King LOUIS III THE CHILD (+911).
REICHENAU (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE MONASTERY CHURCH OF ST MARY AND MARK (Kloster Reichenau, Münster St. Maria und Markus, Burgstr.):
King and Emperor CHARLES THE FAT (+888)
ROME (THE VATICAN)
BURIED IN ST PETER'S BASILICA
(Roma, Basilica San Pietro, Piazza San Pietro):
01. King and Emperor OTTO II (+983)
02. Queen and Empress AGNES OF POITOU (+1077), consort of Emperor Henry III
ROUEN (FRANCE)
BURIED IN ROUEN CATHEDRAL
(Rouen, Cathédrale Notre-Dame, Rue Saint-Romain):
Queen and Empress MATILDA OF ENGLAND (+1167), consort of Emperor Henry V
SAN LORENZO DE EL ESCORIAL (SPAIN)
BURIED IN THE MONASTERY OF SAN LORENZO (El Monasterio de El Escorial, Avenida Juan De Borbón Y Battemberg):
01. King and Emperor CHARLES V (+1558)
02. Queen and Empress ISABELLA OF PORTUGAL (+1539), consort of Emperor Charles V
SELTZ (FRANCE)
BURIED IN ST STEPHEN'S CHURCH
(Seltz, l'église Saint Étienne, Rue Principale):
Queen and Empress ADELAIDE OF BURGUNDY (+999), consort of Emperor Otto I.
The tomb has not been preserved. The relics of Empress Adelaide were mentioned for the last time in 1474.
SPEYER (GERMANY)
BURIED IN SPEYER CATHEDRAL (Speyer Dom, Domplatz):
01. King and Emperor CONRAD II (+1039).
His heart and viscera were buried in St Martin's Cathedral in Utrecht (Holland).
02. Queen and Empress GISELA OF SWABIA (+1043), consort of Emperor Conrad II
03. King and Emperor HENRY III (+1056).
His heart was firstly buried in the Church of Saints Simon and Judas in Goslar, later reburied with his viscera in St Ulric's Chapel in Goslar.
04. King and Emperor HENRY IV (+1106)
05. Queen and Empress BERTHA OF SAVOY (+1087), consort of Emperor Henry IV
06. King and Emperor HENRY V (+1125).
07. Queen and Empress BEATRICE OF BURGUNDY (+1184), consort of Emperor Frederick I
08. King PHILIP OF SWABIA (+1208)
09. King RUDOLPH I (+1291)
10. King ADOLPHUS OF NASSAU (+1298)
11. King ALBERT I HABSBURG (+1308)
STAMS (AUSTRIA)
BURIED IN THE CISTERCIAN ABBEY
(Stams, Zisterzienserstift, Stiftshof):
01. Queen ELIZABETH OF BAVARIA (+1273), consort of King Conrad IV
02. Queen and Empress BIANCA MARIA SFORZA (+1510), consort of Emperor Maximilian I
ST PAUL IM LAVANTTAL (AUSTRIA)
(Benediktinerstift St. Paul im Lavanttal, Hauptstr.):
01. Queen GERTRUDE ANNE OF HOHENBERG (+1281), consort of King Rudolph I
02. Queen ELIZABETH OF CARINTHIA (+1313), consort of King Albert I Habsburg
SZÉKESFEHÉRVÁR (HUNGARY)
BURIED IN THE CORONATION BASILICA
(Székesfehérvár, Koronazó-bazilika, Koronazó tér):
01. King ALBERT II (+1439)
02. Queen ELIZABETH OF LUXEMBOURG (+1442), consort of King Albert II.
The basilica and the royal tombs were demolished by the Turks in 1601.
TYRE (LEBANON)
BURIED IN THE CATHEDRAL OF TYRE:
King and Emperor FREDERICK I (+1190).
Only his bones were buried in Tyre Cathedral. His flesh was buried in the Cathedral of St Peter in Antioch (now Turkey). His heart and viscera were buried in the Cathedral of Tarsus (now Turkey).
The Cathedral of Tyre was demolished by the Mamluks following the capture of Tyre in 1291.
VALENCIENNES (FRANCE)
BURIED IN THE FRANCISCAN CONVENT
(Valenciennes, Couvent des Franciscains):
Queen and Empress MARGARET OF HAINAUT (+1356), consort of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian.
The convent was demolished in the past.
VIENNA (AUSTRIA)
BURIED IN THE CAPUCHIN CHURCH
(Wien, Kapuzinerkirche, Neuer Markt):
01. King and Emperor MATTHEW (+1619).
His heart was buried in the Augustinian Church in Vienna.
02. Queen and Empress ANNE OF TYROL (+1618), consort of Emperor Matthew.
Her heart was buried in the Augustinian Church in Vienna.
03. King and Emperor FERDINAND IV (+1654)
04. King and Emperor FERDINAND III (+1657)
05. Queen and Empress MARIA ANNA OF SPAIN (+1646), consort of Emperor Ferdinand III
06. Queen and Empress MARIA LEOPOLDINA OF TYROL (+1649), consort of Emperor Ferdinand III
07. Queen and Empress ELEANOR MAGDALEN OF MANTUA-NEVERS-GONZAGA (+1686), consort of Emperor Ferdinand III.
08. King and Emperor LEOPOLD I (+1705).
09. Queen and Empress MARGARET THERESA OF SPAIN (+1673), consort of Emperor Leopold I.
10. Queen and Empress ELEANOR MAGDALEN OF THE PALATINATE-NEUBURG (+1720), consort of Emperor Leopold I
11. King and Emperor JOSEPH I (+1711).
12. King and Emperor CHARLES VI (+1740).
13. Queen and Empress ELIZABETH CHRISTINA OF BRUNSWICK-WOLFENBÜTTEL (+1750), consort of Emperor Charles VI.
14. King and Emperor FRANCIS I STEPHEN (+1765).
15. Queen and Empress MARIA THERESA (+1780), consort of Emperor Francis I Stephen.
16. King and Emperor JOSEPH II (+1790)
17. Queen and Empress MARIA JOSEPHA OF BAVARIA (+1767), consort of Emperor Joseph II
18. King and Emperor LEOPOLD II (+1792).
19. Queen and Empress MARIA LODOVICA OF SICILY (+1792), consort of Emperor Leopold II.
20. King and Emperor FRANCIS I (+1835).
21. Queen and Empress MARIA THERESA OF NAPLES-SICILY (+1807), consort of Emperor Francis I.
BURIED IN THE DOMINICAN CHURCH
(Wien, Dominikanerkirche, Postgasse):
Queen and Empress CLAUDIA FELICITY OF TIROL (+1676), consort of Emperor Leopold I.
Her heart was buried in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
BURIED IN THE MINORITES CONVENT, CHURCH OF OUR LADY OF THE SNOW (Wien, Minoritenkloster, Kirche Maria Schnee, Minoritenplatz):
Queen ELIZABETH OF ARAGON (+1330), consort of King Frederick the Handsome.
BURIED IN THE SALESIAN CONVENT
(Wien, Salesianerinnenkloster der Heimsuchung Maria, Rennweg):
Queen and Empress WILHELMINA AMALIA OF BRUNSWICK-LUNEBURG (+1742), consort of Emperor Joseph I.
BURIED IN ST STEPHEN'S CATHEDRAL
(Wien, Stephansdom-Herzogsgruft, Stephansplatz):
01. King FREDERICK THE HANDSOME (+1330)
His heart was buried in the Ascension Church in Linz.
02. King and Emperor FREDERICK III (+1493)
His heart and viscera were buried in the Ascension Church in Linz.
03. Queen and Empress ELEANOR OF MANTUA (+1655), consort of Emperor Ferdinand II
Her heart was buried in the Imperial Mausoleum in Graz.
WIENER NEUSTADT (AUSTRIA)
BURIED IN THE NEUKLOSTERKIRCHE
(Wiener Neustadt, Neuklostergasse):
Queen and Empress ELEANOR OF PORTUGAL (+1467), consort of Emperor Frederick III
LIST OF GERMAN KINGS 843-1806
CAROLINGIAN DYNASTY (Karolinger)
843-876: LOUIS I THE GERMAN (Ludwig I. der Deutsche)
Born in 804.
Father: Frankish King Louis I the Debonair. Mother: Queen Ermengarde.
Married in 827 EMMA of Altdorf (+876).
His issue who reigned:
-CARLOMAN OF BAVARIA (*829,+880),
-LOUIS II THE YOUNGER (*c. 830,+882),
-CHARLES III THE FAT (*839,+888).
Died in 876 at Frankfurt/Main.
Buried in the Abbey of Lorsch (demolished).
His Queen Emma was buried in St Emmeram's Basilica at Regensburg.
876-880: CARLOMAN OF BAVARIA (Karlmann von Bayern)
Father: East Frankish King Louis I the German. Mother: Queen Emma.
Married a daughter of Bavarian duke Ernest.
-ARNULF OF CARINTHIA (*c. 850,+899; illegitimate).
Died in 880 at Oettingen.
Buried in the Church of St St Philip and Jacob at Altötting.
876-882: LOUIS II THE YOUNGER (Ludwig II. der Jüngere)
Born in c. 830.
Married firstly an unknown woman.
Married secondly in 874 at Aschaffenburg LIUTGARD of Saxony (+885).
876-887: CHARLES III THE FAT (Karl III. der Dicke; Roman Emperor from 881; West Frankish/French King)
Married in 862 RICHARDIS (+c. 894/96 Andlau).
He and his consort Richardis were crowned emperor and empress in 881 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Deposed in 887.
Died in 888 at Neudingen.
Buried in the Monastery of Reichenau, Baden.
His consort Queen and Empress Richardis was buried in St St Peter and Paul's Church in Andlau, now France.
887-899: ARNULF OF CARINTHIA
(Arnulf von Kärnten; Roman Emperor from 896)
Father: East Frankish King Carloman. Mother: Liutswind.
Married ODA of Bavaria (+after 903).
He was crowned emperor in 896 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-LOUIS III (*893,+911),
-Glismut (East Frankish Queen).
Died in 899 at Regensburg.
Buried with his Queen and Empress Oda in St Emmeram's Basilica in Regensburg (no tomb).
900-911: LOUIS III THE CHILD (Ludwig III. der Kind)
Born in 893 in Altötting, Bavaria.
Father: East Frankish King and Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia. Mother: Queen and Empress Oda of Bavaria.
Unmarried.
He was crowned in 900 in Forchheim.
Died in 911 in Frankfurt/Main.
Buried in St Emmeram's Basilica at Regensburg (no tomb).
CONRADINE DYNASTY (Konradiner)
911-918: CONRAD I (Konrad I.)
Born in 918 at Weilburg.
Father: Duke Conrad of the Franks. Mother: Princess Glismut.
Married in 913 KUNIGUNDE of Swabia.
Died in 918.
Buried in Fulda Abbey (no tomb, epitaph only).
His consort Queen Kunigunde was buried in Lorsch Abbey (demolished).
SAXON DYNASTY (Ludolfinger)
919-936: HENRY I THE FOWLER (Heinrich I.)
Father: Duke Otto I of Saxony. Mother: Duchess Hedvig.
Married firstly in 906 Hatheburg. Repudiated in 909.
Married secondly in 909 MATILDA of Ringelheim (*c. 895,+968).
He was never crowned.
-OTTO I (*912,+973; son of Matilda),
-Gerberga (+984; Queen of West Franks; daughter of Matilda).
Died in 936 at Memleben (now Saxony-Anhalt).
Buried with his Queen Matilda in the Church of St Servatius in Quedlinburg.
936-973: OTTO I THE GREAT
(Otto I. der Grosse; Roman Emperor from 962)
Father: King Henry I of Germany. Mother: Queen St Matilda.
Married firstly in c. 930 Princess EDITH of England (*910/13,+946/47).
Married secondly in 951 ADELAIDE of Burgundy (+999).
He and his consort Edith of England were crowned king and queen in 936 in Aachen Cathedral.
He and his consort Adelaide of Burgundy were crowned emperor and empress in 962 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-OTTO II (*955,+983; son of Adelaide).
Died in 973 at Memleben.
Buried with his first consort Queen Edith of England in Magdeburg Cathedral.
His second consort Empress Adelaide was buried in Seltz Abbey (now France). In the 14th c. her remains were translated to St Stephen's Church in Seltz.
973-983: OTTO II (Roman Emperor from 967)
Father: King and Emperor Otto I of Germany. Mother: Queen and Empress Adelaide of Burgundy.
Married in 972 Princess Theophano of Byzantium (+991).
He was crowned king in 961 in Aachen Cathedral.
His consort Theophano was crowned empress in 972 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-OTTO III (*980,+1002).
Died in 983 in Rome.
Buried in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
His consort Empress Theophano was buried in St Pantaleon's Abbey in Cologne.
983-1002: OTTO III (Roman Emperor from 996)
Born in 980 in Kessel, now the Netherlands.
Father: King and Emperor Otto II of Germany. Mother: Queen and Empress Theophano of Byzantium.
Died in 1002 in Paterno, Italy.
Buried in Aachen Cathedral.
1002-1024: HENRY II (Heinrich II.; Roman Emperor from 1014)
Born in 973 in Abbach.
Father: Duke Henry the Quarrelsome of Bavaria. Mother: Duchess Gisela of Burgundy.
Married Countess KUNIGUNDE of Luxembourg (*c. 975,+1033 Kaufungen).
He was crowned king in 1002 in Mainz Cathedral.
His consort Kunigunde was crowned queen in 1002 in Paderborn Cathedral.
He and his consort Kunigunde were crowned emperor and empress in 1014 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Died in 1024 at Bamberg.
Buried with his Empress and Queen Kunigunde in Bamberg Cathedral.
SALIAN DYNASTY (Salier)
1024-1039: CONRAD II (Konrad II.; Roman Emperor from 1027)
Father: Count Henry of Speyer. Mother: Adele of Metz.
Married in 1016 GISELA of Swabia (*989,+1043 Goslar).
He and his consort Gisela were crowned emperor and empress in 1027 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
His consort Gisela was crowned in 1024 in Cologne Cathedral.
-HENRY III (*1017,+1056),
-Matilda (+1034; Queen of France).
Died in 1039 in Utrecht.
Buried with his Empress and Queen Gisela in Speyer Cathedral.
1039-1056: HENRY III (Heinrich III.; Roman Emperor from 1046)
Father: Emperor and King Conrad II of Germany. Mother: Empress Gisela of Swabia.
Married firstly in 1036 at Nijmegen Princess Gunhild of Denmark-England (*1019,+1038).
Married secondly in 1043 AGNES of Poitou (*1024,+1077).
He was crowned king in 1028 in Aachen Cathedral.
His second consort Agnes of Poitou was crowned queen in 1043 in Mainz Cathedral.
He and his second consort Agnes were crowned emperor and empress in 1046 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-HENRY IV (*1050,+1106; son of Agnes),
-Judith (*1054,+after 1105; Queen of Hungary and Duchess of Poland; daughter of Agnes).
Died in 1056 at Bodfeld.
Buried in Speyer Cathedral.
His first consort Princess Gunhild of Denmark was buried in Limburg Abbey at Bad Dürkheim.
His second consort Empress Agnes was buried in St Peter's Basilica in Rome (no tomb).
1056-1106: HENRY IV (Heinrich IV.; Roman Emperor from 1084)
Father: Emperor and King Henry III of Germany. Mother: Empress Agnes of Poitou.
Married firstly in 1066 BERTHA of Savoy (c. 1051,+1087).
Married secondly in 1089 in Cologne Princes PRAXEDIS-ADELAIDE of Kiev (+1109).
His first consort Bertha of Savoy was crowned queen in 1066 at Würzburg.
He and his first consort Bertha were crowned emperor and empress in 1084 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-Agnes (*1072/73,+1143; Margravine of Austria; daughter of Bertha),
-HENRY V (*1086,+1125; son of Bertha).
Died in 1106 at Liège.
Buried with his first consort Empress Bertha in Speyer Cathedral.
His second consort Empress Adelaide was buried in the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev (no tomb).
1106-1125: HENRY V (Heinrich V.; Roman Emperor from 1111)
Father: Emperor and King Henry IV of Germany. Mother: Empress Bertha of Savoy.
Married in 1114 at Mainz Princess MATILDA of England (*1102 Winchester,+1167 Rouen).
His consort Matilda of England was crowned queen twice in 1110 and 1114 at Mainz Cathedral.
He and his consort Matilda were crowned emperor and empress in 1117 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Died in 1125 at Utrecht.
His Queen and Empress Matilda of England was buried firstly in Bec Abbey near Rouen, then reburied in Notre Dame of Rouen in 1847.
HOUSE OF SUPPLINBURG (Supplinburger)
1125-1137: LOTHAIR III (Lothar III.; Roman Emperor from 1133)
Father: Count Lothar of Supplinburg. Mother: Countess Hedwig von Frombach.
Married in 1100 RICHENZA of Northeim (*c. 1087/89,+1141).
He and his consort Richenza were crowned emperor and empress in 1133 in the Basilica of St John Lateran in Rome.
Died in 1137 at Breitenwang, Tyrol.
Buried with his Queen and Empress Richenza at Königslutter Abbey.
HOUSE OF HOHENSTAUFEN (Staufer)
1138-1152: CONRAD III (Konrad III.)
Born in 1093 at Bamberg.
Father: Duke Frederick I of Swabia. Mother: Duchess Agnes von Waiblingen.
Married firstly in c. 1115 Gertrude of Komburg (+1130/31).
Married secondly in 1136 GERTRUDE of Sulzbach (+1146 Hersfeld).
He was crowned in 1138 in Aachen Cathedral.
Buried the Cathedral of Bamberg.
His second consort Queen Gertrude of Sulzbach was buried in Ebrach Abbey.
1152-1190: FREDERICK I BARBAROSSA
(Friedrich I. Barbarossa; Roman Emperor from 1155)
Born in 1122 in Waiblingen or in Weingarten.
Father: Duke Frederick II of Swabia. Mother: Duchess Judith of Bavaria.
Married firstly in c. 1147 in Cheb, Bohemia ADELAIDE of Vohburg (*1122,+c. 1190 Weissenau Abbey). Marriage was annulled in 1153.
Married secondly in 1156 in Würzburg BEATRICE of Burgundy (*c. 1145,+1184 Jouhe near Dole, Burgundy).
He was crowned emperor in 1155 (first time) in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
He and his Queen Beatrice were crowned emperor and empress of Germany in 1167 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-HENRY VI (*1165,+1197; son of Beatrice),
-PHILIP (*c. 1177,+1208; son of Beatrice).
Died in 1190 in the Saleph River (Göksu) in Cilicia (drowned).
Buried in the Cathedral of Tyre (now Lebanon; demolished).
His second consort Empress and Queen Beatrice of Burgundy was buried in the Cathedral of Speyer.
1190-1197: HENRY VI
(Heinrich VI.; Roman Emperor from 1191, King of Sicily)
Born in 1165 at Nijmegen.
Father: Emperor and King Frederick I Barbarossa of Germany. Mother: Queen Beatrice of Burgundy.
Married in 1186 in Milan the future Queen CONSTANCE of Sicily (*1154,+1198).
He and his Queen Constance were crowned emperor and empress of Germany in 1191 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-FREDERICK II (*1194,+1250).
Died in 1197 at Messina.
Buried with his Empress and Queen Constance in Palermo Cathedral.
1198-1208: PHILIP OF SWABIA (Philipp von Schwaben)
Born in c. 1177.
Married in 1197 Dowager Queen of Sicily, Princess IRENE of Byzantium (+1208 Hohenstaufen).
He was crowned twice: in 1198 in Mainz Cathedral and in 1205 in Aachen Cathedral.
-Beatrice (*1198,+1212; Empress and Queen of Germany),
-Kunigunde (*c. 1200,+1248; Queen of Bohemia),
-Elizabeth (*c. 1203,+1235; Queen of Castile).
Died in 1208 at Bamberg (murdered).
He was buried in the Cathedral of Speyer.
His Queen Irene was buried in the Abbey of Lorch.
HOUSE OF GUELPH (Welfen)
1198-1215: OTTO IV (Roman Emperor from 1209)
Born in c. 1175/77 in Normandy.
Father: Duke Henry the Lion of Saxony. Mother: Duchess Matilda of England.
Married firstly in 1212 at Nordhausen Princess BEATRICE of Hohenstaufen (*1198,+1212 Nordhausen).
Married secondly in 1214 in Maastricht MARY of Brabant (*c. 1190,+1260).
He was crowned emperor in 1209 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Deposed in 1215.
Died in 1218 at Harzburg.
Buried with his first consort Empress Beatrice in Brunswick Cathedral.
His second consort Empress Mary was buried in St Peter's Church in Louvain.
1212-1250: FREDERICK II (Friedrich II.; Roman Emperor from 1220, King of Sicily as Frederick I Roger)
Born in 1194 at Iesi.
Father: Emperor and King Henry VI of Germany. Mother: Queen Constance of Sicily.
Married firstly in 1209 in Messina Dowager Queen of Hungary CONSTANCE of Aragon (*1179,+1222 Catania).
Married secondly in 1225 at Brindisi Queen ISABELLA II of Jerusalem (*1211,+1228 Andria).
Married thirdly in 1235 at Worms Princess ISABELLA Plantagenet of England (*1214,+1241 Foggia).
He was crowned twice as German king: in 1212 in Mainz Cathedral and in 1215 in Aachen Cathedral.
He was crowned as emperor with his first consort Queen Constance of Hungary in 1220 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-CONRAD IV (*1228,+1254; son of Isabella II of Jerusalem),
-HENRY (*1211,+1242).
Died in 1250 at Castel Fiorentino.
Buried with his first consort Queen Constance of Hungary in Palermo Cathedral.
His two other queens Isabella II of Jerusalem and Isabella of England were buried in Andria Cathedral.
1220-1235: HENRY HOHENSTAUF (Heinrich)
Born in 1211 in Sicily.
Father: King Frederick II. Mother: Queen Constance of Aragon.
Married in 1225 in Nuremberg Princess MARGARET of Austria (+1266).
His consort Margaret of Austria was crowned in 1227 in Aachen Cathedral.
Deposed in 1235 and imprisoned.
Died in 1242 in Martirano (Calabria).
Buried in Cosenza Cathedral, Italy.
His consort Queen Margaret (later Queen of Bohemia) was buried in Lilienfeld Abbey, Austria.
1250-1254: CONRAD IV (Konrad IV.; King of Sicily)
Born in 1228 at Andria.
Father: King Frederick I Roger of Sicily. Mother: Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem.
Married in 1246 at Vohburg Princess ELIZABETH of Wittelsbach (*1227 Landshut,+1273).
-Conradin (*1252,+1268; King of Sicily).
Died in 1254 near Lavello.
Buried in the Cathedral of Messina (no tomb).
His consort Queen Elizabeth was buried in Stams Abbey, Tyrol.
HOUSE OF HOLLAND (Haus von Holland)
1254-1256: WILLIAM OF HOLLAND (Wilhelm von Holland)
Father: Count Floris IV of Holland. Mother: Countess Mechtilde of Brabant.
Married in 1252 ELIZABETH of Brunswick-Lüneburg (+1266).
Died in 1256 in a battle near Hoogwoud (North Holland).
Buried (in 1282) with his Queen Elizabeth in Middelburg Abbey.
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET (Haus Plantagenet)
1257-1272: RICHARD OF CORNWALL
Born in 1209 at Winchester.
Father: King John Lackland of England. Mother: Queen Isabella of Angoulême.
Married firstly in 1231 at Fawley Isabella of Pembroke (*1200 Pembroke,+1240 Berkhamstead).
Married secondly in 1243 in London SANCHIA of Provence (*c. 1225 Aix-en-Provence,+1261 Berkhamstead).
Married thirdly in 1269 in Kaiserslauten BEATRICE of Falkenburg (*c. 1253 Falkenburg,+1277).
He was crowned with his second consort Sanchia in 1257 at Aachen Cathedral.
Died in 1272 at Berkhamstead.
Buried with his second consort Queen Sanchia in Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire, England (no tomb).
His first consort Princess Isabella was buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire (England).
His third consort Queen Beatrice was buried in the Church of Franciscan Friars Minor at Oxford (England).
HOUSE OF HABSBURG (Habsburger)
1273-1291: RUDOLPH I (Rudolf I.; Duke of Austria)
Born in 1218 at Limburg/Breisgau.
Father: Count Albert IV of Habsburg. Mother: Countess Hedvig of Kyburg.
Married firstly in 1253 in Alsace Countess GERTRUDE ANNE of Hohenberg (*1225 Swabia,+1281 Vienna).
Married secondly in 1284 at Besançon Duchess AGNES of Burgundy (*1270 Dijon,+1323 Chambly).
He was crowned with his first consort Gertrude Anne in 1273 in Aachen Cathedral.
-ALBERT I *1255,+1308; son of Gertrude),
-Clementia (*c. 1262,+1293; Queen of Naples; daughter of Gertrude),
-Rudolph (*c. 1270,+1290; Duke of Austria; son of Gertrude),
-Judith (*1271,+1297; Queen of Bohemia; daughter of Gertrude).
Died in 1291 in Speyer.
His first consort Queen Gertrude Anne was firstly buried in the Minster in Basel/Switzerland, later reburied in the Benedictine Monastery at St Paul im Lavanttal, Austria.
His second consort Queen Agnes was buried in the Augustinian Convent in Paris (demolished).
HOUSE OF NASSAU (Haus Nassau)
1292-1298: ADOLPHUS OF NASSAU (Adolf von Nassau)
Father: Count Walram II of Nassau. Mother: Countess Adelaide von Katzenelnbogen.
Married in c. 1271 IMAGINA of Isenburg-Limburg (+c. 1313).
He was crowned with his consort Imagina in 1292 in Aachen Cathedral.
Died in 1298 near Göllheim.
Buried in the Cathedral of Speyer.
His Queen Imagina was buried in the Franciscan Convent of Klarenthal near Wiesbaden (demolished).
1298-1308: ALBERT I HABSBURG (Albrecht I.; Duke of Austria)
Born in c. 1255 at Rheinfelden.
Father: Rudolph I, German king. Mother: Queen Gertrude Anna of Hohenberg.
Married in c. 1276 in Vienna Princess ELIZABETH of Carinthia (*c. 1262 Munich,+1313 Vienna).
-Agnes (*1281,+1364; Queen of Hungary),
-Rudolph I/III (*c. 1282,+1307; King of Bohemia, Duke of Austria),
-FREDERICK THE HANDSOME (*c. 1289,+1330),
-Leopold I (*1290,+1326; Duke of Austria),
-Albert II the Lame (*1298,+1358; Duke of Austria),
-Otto (*1301,+1339; Duke of Austria).
Died in 1308 at Königsfelden near Brugg (murdered).
His consort Queen Elizabeth of Carinthia was buried in the Benedictine Abbey at St Paul im Lavanttal.
HOUSE OF LUXEMBOURG (Luxemburger)
1308-1313: HENRY VII
(Heinrich VII.; Roman Emperor from 1312)
Born in 1274 at Valenciennes.
Father: Count Henry VI of Luxembourg. Mother: Countess Beatrice d'Avesnes.
Married in 1292 at Tervuren MARGARET of Brabant (*1276,+1311 Genoa).
He was crowned with his consort Margaret in 1309 in Aachen Cathedral (royal coronation).
He was crowned emperor in 1312 in the Basilica of St John Lateran in Rome.
-John (*1296,+1346; King of Bohemia),
-Mary (*1304,+1324; Queen of France),
-Beatrice (*1305,+1319; Queen of Hungary).
Died in 1313 at Buonconvento near Siena.
Buried in the Cathedral of Pisa.
His Queen Margaret of Brabant was buried in the Church of St Francis di Castelletto in Genoa (demolished).
1314-1330: FREDERICK THE HANDSOME
(Friedrich der Schöne; Duke of Austria. Ruled together with Louis IV the Bavarian)
Born in c. 1289 in Vienna.
Father: Albert I, German king. Mother: Queen Elizabeth of Carinthia.
Married in 1314 at Castle Gutenstein Princess ELIZABETH (Isabella) of Aragon (*c. 1296 Montpellier,+1330 Vienna).
He was crowned in 1314 in the Collegiate Church at Bonn. His Queen Elizabeth of Aragon was crowned in 1315 in the Cathedral of Basel.
Died in 1330 at Gutenstein, Lower Austria.
Buried in St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
His consort Queen Elizabeth of Aragon was buried in the Minorites Church in Vienna (no tomb).
HOUSE OF WITTELSBACH (Wittelsbacher)
1314-1347: LOUIS IV THE BAVARIAN
(Ludwig IV. der Bayer; Roman Emperor from 1328. Ruled together with Frederick the Handsome)
Born in 1282 in Munich.
Father: Duke Louis II of Upper Bavaria. Mother: Duchess Mechtild of Habsburg.
Married firstly in c. 1309 Princess BEATRICE of Silesia-Głogów (*c. 1290,+1322 Munich).
Married secondly in 1324 in Cologne Countess MARGARET of Hainaut (*1311,+1356 Le Quesnoy).
He was crowned German king with his first consort Beatrice of Silesia-Głogów in 1314 in Aachen Cathedral.
-Louis the Roman (*1330,+1365; Elector of Brandenburg; son of Margaret),
-Otto the Sluggard (*1340/42,+1379; Elector of Brandenburg; son of Margaret),
-Beatrice (*1344,+1359; Queen of Sweden; daughter of Margaret).
Died in 1347 at Puch near Fürstenfeldbruck.
Buried with his first consort Queen Beatrice of Silesia-Głogów in the Church of Our Lady in Munich.
His second consort Empress and Queen Margaret of Hainaut was buried in the Franciscan Convent at Valenciennes, France (demolished).
1346-1378: CHARLES IV
(Karl IV.; Roman Emperor from 1355, King of Bohemia)
Born in 1316 in Prague.
Father: King of Bohemia John of Luxembourg. Mother: Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.
Married firstly in 1329 in Prague Princess Blanche of Valois (*1316,+1348 Prague).
Married secondly in 1349 Princess Anne of the Palatinate (*1329,+1353 Prague).
Married thirdly in 1353 at Buda Princess Anne of Świdnica (*1339,+1362).
Married fourthly in 1363 in Cracow Princess Elizabeth of Pomerania (*1347,+1393 Hradec Králové).
He was firstly crowned in 1346 in Bonn Collegiate Church.
He (second coronation) and his second consort Anne of the Palatinate were crowned in 1349 in Aachen Cathedral.
He (third coronation) and his third consort Anne of Świdnica were crowned in 1355 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
His fourth consort Elizabeth of Pomerania was crowned in 1368 in St Peter's Basilica in Rome.
-Margaret (*1335,+1349; Queen of Hungary and Poland; daughter of Blanche),
-Catherine (*1342,+1395; Duchess of Austria; daughter of Blanche),
-Elizabeth (*1358,+1373; Duchess of Austria; daughter of Anne of Świdnica),
-WENCESLAUS (*1361,+1419; son of Anne of Świdnica).
-Anne (*1366,+1394; Queen of England; daughter of Elizabeth),
-SIGISMUND (*1368,+143; son of Elizabeth).
Died in 1378 in Prague.
Buried with his four queens in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague.
1378-1400: WENCESLAUS
(Wenzel; King of Bohemia as Wenceslaus IV, Elector of Brandenburg, Duke of Luxembourg)
Born in 1361 in Nuremberg.
Father: Emperor and King Charles IV of Germany. Mother: Empress and Queen Anne of Świdnica.
Married firstly in 1370 Joanna of Bavaria (*c. 1356,+1386 Karlštejn).
Married secondly in 1389 in Prague Sophia of Bavaria (*1376,+1425 Bratislava).
He and his first consort Joanna of Bavaria were crowned in 1376 in Aachen Cathedral.
Died in 1419 at Kunratice near Prague.
Buried with his first consort Queen Joanna of Bavaria in St Vitus' Cathedral in Prague. Earlier buried in the Church of Saints Paul and Peter at Vyšehrad, then in Zbraslav. In 1423 he was reburied in Prague.
His second consort Queen Sophia of Bavaria was buried in St Martin's Cathedral in Bratislava (no tomb).
1400-1410: RUPERT (Ruprecht von der Pfalz)
Born in 1352 at Amberg.
Father: Ruprecht II of the Palatinate. Mother: Beatrice of Sicily.
Married in 1374 at Amberg ELIZABETH of Nuremberg (*1358,+1411 Heidelberg).
He was crowned twice: in 1401 in Cologne Cathedral and in 1407 in Aachen Cathedral.
Died in 1410 at Castle Landskron near Oppenheim.
Buried with his Queen Elizabeth in the Church of The Holy Spirit in Heidelberg.
1410-1411: JOBST OF MORAVIA (Jobst von Mähren; Elector of Brandenburg, Duke of Luxembourg)
Father: Margrave John Henry of Moravia. Mother: Margaret of Opava.
Married firstly in 1372 Princess Elizabeth of Opole (*1360,+c. 1374).
Married secondly Princess Agnes of Opole (+c. 1409).
He was never crowned as he died prior to his coronation.
Died in 1411 in Brno, Moravia.
Buried in the Church of St Thomas in Brno.
1410-1437: SIGISMUND OF LUXEMBOURG
(Sigismund von Luxemburg; Roman Emperor from 1433, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary, Elector of Brandenburg)
Father: Emperor Charles IV. Mother: Empress Elizabeth of Pomerania.
Married firstly in 1385 Queen Mary of Hungary (*c. 1371,+1395).
Married secondly in 1408 BARBARA of Cilli (*c. 1390/95,+1451).
Crowned with his second consort Barbara of Cilli in 1414 in Aachen Cathedral.
-Elizabeth (*1409,+1442; Empress of Germany, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary; daughter of Barbara).
Died in 1437 at Znojmo, Moravia.
Buried with his first consort Queen Mary of Hungary in the Church of Várad Fortress in Nagyvárad, Transylvania (demolished).
His second consort Empress Barbara of Cilli was buried in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague.
1438-1439: ALBERT II (Albrecht II.; Duke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Born in 1397 in Vienna.
Father: Duke Albert IV of Austria. Mother: Duchess Joanna Sophia of Bavaria.
Married in 1421 in Prague Princess ELIZABETH of Bohemia and Hungary (*c. 1409 Prague,+1442 Györ, Hungary).
He was never crowned in Germany.
-Elizabeth (*1436,+1505; Queen of Poland),
-Ladislaus the Posthumous (*1440,+1457; King of Bohemia and Hungary).
Died in 1439 at Neszmély near Esztergom, Hungary.
Buried with his consort Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia and Hungary in the Coronation Basilica at Székesfehérvár, Hungary (demolished).
1440-1493: FREDERICK III
(Friedrich III.; Roman Emperor from 1452, Archduke of Austria)
Born in 1415 at Innsbruck.
Father: Duke Ernest of Austria and Styria. Mother: Duchess Cimburgis (Cymbarka) of Mazovia.
Married in 1452 in Rome Princess ELEANOR of Portugal (*1436 Torres Vedras,+1467 Wiener Neustadt).
-MAXIMILIAN I (*1459,+1519).
Died in 1493 at Linz.
His consort Empress Eleanor of Portugal was buried in the Parish Church Neuklosterkirche at Wiener Neustadt.
1486-1519: MAXIMILIAN I
(Roman Emperor from 1508, Archduke of Austria)
Born in 1459 at Wiener Neustadt.
Father: Emperor Frederick III of Austria. Mother: Empress Eleanor of Portugal.
Married firstly in 1477 at Ghent Duchess Mary of Burgundy and Luxembourg (*1457 Brussels,+1482 Bruges).
Married secondly in 1494 at Hall, Tyrol Princess BIANCA MARIA Sforza of Milan (*1472 Milan,+1510 Innsbruck).
-Philip I the Fair (*1478,+1506; King of Castile; son of Mary),
-Margaret (*1480;+1530; Duchess of Savoy; daughter of Mary).
Died in 1519 at Wels.
Buried in St George's Chapel at Wiener Neustadt.
His first consort Duchess Mary of Burgundy was buried in Our Lady's Church in Bruges.
His second consort Empress Bianca Maria Sforza of Milan was buried in Cistercian Abbey at Stams, Tyrol.
1519-1556: CHARLES V
(Karl V.; Roman Emperor from 1530, Archduke of Austria, King of Spain, Naples and Sicily)
Born in 1500 at Gent.
Father: King Philip I the Fair of Castile. Mother: Queen Joan the Mad of Castile.
Married in 1526 at Seville Princess ISABELLA of Portugal (*1503 Lisbon,+1539 Toledo).
He was crowned in 1520 in Aachen Catehdral.
-Philip II (*1527,+1598; King of Spain and Portugal),
-Maria (*1528,+1603; Empress and Queen of Bohemia and Hungary).
Abdicated in 1556 in Brussels and left for Spain.
Died in 1558 at San Jerónimo de Yuste, Spain.
Buried with his consort Empress Isabella of Portugal in the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial.
1531-1564: FERDINAND I
(Roman Emperor from 1556, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Born in 1503 at Alcala de Henares, Spain.
Married in 1521 at Linz Princess ANNE Jagiellonian of Bohemia and Hungary (*1503 Buda,+1547 Prague).
-MAXIMILIAN II (*1527,+1576),
-Anna (*1528,+1590; Electress of Bavaria),
-Catherine (*1533,+1572; Queen of Poland),
-Charles II (*1540,+1590; Archduke of Inner Austria).
Died in 1564 in Vienna.
Buried with his consort Queen Anna Jagiellonian in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague.
1564-1576: MAXIMILIAN II (Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Father: Emperor Ferdinand I. Mother: Princess Anna Jagiellonian of Bohemia and Hungary.
Married in 1548 at Valladolid, Spain Princess MARY of Spain (*1528 Madrid,+1603 Villa Monte, Spain).
He was crowned in 1562 in Frankfurt Cathedral.
-Anna (*1549,+1580; Queen of Spain),
-RUDOLPH II (*1552,+1612),
-Elizabeth (*1554,+1592; Queen of France),
-MATTHEW (*1557,+1619).
Died in 1576 in Regensburg.
Buried in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague.
His consort Empress Mary of Spain was buried in the Church of St Clara (Discalced Franciscans) in Madrid.
1576-1612: RUDOLPH II
(Rudolf II.; Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Father: Emperor Maximilian II. Mother: Empress Mary of Spain.
He was crowned in 1575 in Regensburg Cathedral.
Buried in St Vitus' Cathedral in Prague.
1612-1619: MATTHEW (Matthias; Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Married in 1611 in Vienna Archduchess ANNE of Tyrol (*1585 Innsbruck,+1618 Vienna).
He was crowned together with his consort Anne of Tyrol in 1612 in Frankfurt Cathedral.
Buried with his consort Empress Anne of Tyrol in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1619-1637: FERDINAND II (Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Born in 1578 in Graz.
Father: Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria. Mother: Archduchess Maria of Bavaria.
Married firstly in 1600 in Graz Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria (*1574 Munich,+1616 Graz).
Married secondly in 1622 in Innsbruck Princess ELEANOR Gonzaga of Mantua (*1598 Mantua,+1655 Vienna).
-FERDINAND III (*1608,+1657; son of Maria Anna),
-Maria Anna (*1610,+1665; Electress of Bavaria; daughter of Maria Anna),
-Cecilia Renata (*1611,+1644; Queen of Poland; daughter of Maria Anna).
Buried in the Imperial Mausoleum at Graz with his first consort Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria.
His second consort Empress Eleanor of Mantua was buried in St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
1637-1657: FERDINAND III (Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Father: Emperor Ferdinand II. Mother: Empress Maria Anna of Bavaria.
Married firstly in 1631 in Vienna Princess MARIA ANNA of Spain (*1608 Escorial,+1646 Linz).
Married secondly in 1648 in Linz Archduchess MARIA LEOPOLDINA of Tyrol (*1632 Innsbruck,+1649 Vienna).
Married thirdly in 1651 in Vienna Princess ELEANOR Gonzaga of Mantua (*1630 Mantua,+1686 Vienna).
He was crowned in 1636 at Regensburg Cathedral. His first consort Maria Anna of Spain was crowned in 1637 and his third consort Eleanor Gonzaga was crowned in 1653, both at Regensburg Cathedral.
-FERDINAND IV (*1633,+1654; son of Maria Anna),
-Maria Anna (*1635,+1696; Queen of Spain; daughter of Maria Anna),
-LEOPOLD I (*1640,+1705; son of Maria Anna),
-Eleanor (*1653,+1697; Queen of Poland; daughter of Eleanor).
Buried with his three consorts in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1653-1654: FERDINAND IV (King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Father: Emperor Ferdinand III. Mother: Empress Maria Anna of Spain.
He was crowned in 1653 at Regensburg Cathedral.
Buried in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1657-1705: LEOPOLD I (Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Married firstly in 1666 in Vienna Princess MARGARET THERESA of Spain (*1651 Madrid,+1673 Vienna).
Married secondly in 1673 in Vienna Archduchess CLAUDIA FELICITY of Tyrol (*1653 Innsbruck,+1676 Vienna).
Married thirdly in 1676 in Vienna Princess ELEANOR MAGDALEN of Palatinate-Neuburg (*1655 Düsseldorf,+1720 Vienna).
-Maria Antonia (*1669,+1692; Electress of Bavaria; daughter of Margaret Theresa),
-JOSEPH I (*1678,+1711; son of Eleanor Magdalen),
-Maria Anna (*1683,+1754; Queen of Portugal; daughter of Eleanor Magdalen),
-CHARLES VI (*1685,+1740; son of Eleanor Magdalen).
Buried with his first and third consort in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
His second consort Empress Claudia Felicity was buried in the Dominican Church in Vienna.
1705-1711: JOSEPH I (Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia, Hungary, Naples and Sicily)
Father: Emperor Leopold I. Mother: Empress Eleanor Magdalen of Palatinate-Neuburg.
Married in 1699 in Vienna Princess AMALIA WILHELMINA of Brunswick-Lüneburg (*1673 Lüneburg,+1742 Vienna).
He was crowned in 1690 in St Ulric's Church at Augsburg.
-Maria Josepha (*1699,+1757; Queen of Poland, Electress of Saxony),
-Maria Amalia (*1701,+1756; Electress of Bavaria).
His consort Empress Amalia Wilhelmina was buried in the Salesian Convent in Vienna.
1711-1740: CHARLES VI (Karl VI.; Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Married in 1708 in Barcelona Princess ELIZABETH CHRISTINA of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (*1691 Wolfenbüttel,+1750 Vienna).
-Maria Theresa (*1717,+1780; Queen of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary).
Buried with his consort Empress Elizabeth Christina in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1740-1742: INTERREGNUM
1742-1745: CHARLES VII ALBERT (Karl VII. Albrecht; Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Elector of Bavaria)
Born in 1697 in Brussels.
Father: Elector Maximilian II Emmanuel of Bavaria. Mother: Electress Theresa Kunigunda Sobieska of Poland.
Married in 1722 in Munich Archduchess MARIA AMALIA of Austria (*1701 Vienna,+1756 Munich).
He was crowned in 1742 in Frankfurt Cathedral with his consort Maria Amalia of Austria.
-Maria Antonia (*1724,+1780; Electress of Saxony),
-Maximilian III Joseph (*1727,+1777; Elector of Bavaria),
-Maria Josepha (*1739,+1767; German Empress).
Died in 1745 in Munich.
Buried with his consort Empress Maria Amalia in the Theatine Church in Munich.
HOUSE OF HABSBURG-LORRAINE (Habsburg-Lothringer)
1745-1765: FRANCIS I STEPHEN
(Franz I. Stefan; Roman Emperor, Grand Duke of Tuscany)
Born in 1708 in Nancy.
Father: Duke Leopold Joseph of Lorraine. Mother: Princess Elizabeth Charlotte of Orléans.
Married in 1736 in Vienna Archduchess MARIA THERESA of Austria (*1717 Vienna,+1780 Vienna).
-JOSEPH II (*1741,+1790),
-Marie Amalie (*1746,+1804; Duchess of Parma),
-LEOPOLD II (*1747,+1792),
-Marie Caroline (*1752,+1814; Queen of the Two Sicilies),
-Ferdinand (*1754,+1806; Duke of Massa-Carrara),
-Marie Antoinette (*1755,+1793; Queen of France).
Died in 1765 in Innsbruck.
Buried with his consort Empress Maria Theresa in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1764-1790: JOSEPH II (Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary, Archduke of Austria)
Born in 1741 in Schönbrunn.
Father: Emperor Francis I Stephen. Mother: Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.
Married firstly in 1760 in Vienna Princess Isabella of Bourbon-Parma (*1741 Madrid,+1763 Vienna).
Married secondly in 1765 in Vienna Princess MARIA JOSEPHA of Bavaria (*1739 Munich,+1767 Vienna).
Buried with his both consorts in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1790-1792: LEOPOLD II (Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary, Archduke of Austria, Grand Duke of Tuscany)
Married in 1765 in Innsbruck Princess MARIA LOUISE of Spain and Sicily (*1745 Portici near Naples,+1792 Vienna).
-Maria Theresa (*1767,+1827; Queen of Saxony),
-FRANCIS II (1768,+1835),
-Ferdinand (1769,+1824; Grand Duke of Tuscany).
Buried with his consort Empress Maria Louisa in the Capuchin Church in Vienna.
1792-1806: FRANCIS II (Franz II.; Roman Emperor, Archduke and Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary)
Born in 1768 in Florence.
Father: Emperor Leopold II. Mother: Empress Maria Louisa of Spain.
Married firstly in 1788 in Vienna Duchess Elizabeth of Württemberg (*1767 Treptow,+1790 Vienna).
Married secondly in 1790 in Vienna Princess MARIA THERESA of Naples-Sicily (*1772 Naples,+1807 Vienna).
Married thirdly in 1808 in Vienna Archduchess Maria Lodovica of Modena (*1787 Monza,+1816 Verona).
Married fourthly in 1816 in Vienna Princess Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (*1792 Mannheim,+1873 Vienna).
-Marie Louise (*1791,+1847; Empress of the French; daughter of Maria Theresa),
-Ferdinand I (*1793,+1875; Emperor of Austria; son of Maria Theresa),
-Maria Leopoldina (*1797,+1826; Queen of Portugal and Empress of Brazil; daughter of Maria Theresa).
Abdicated in 1806.
Buried with all his consorts in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria).
1806: HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE DISSOLVED.
TOMBS OF GERMAN KINGS & QUEENS
01. The memorial to Kings LOUIS I, LOUIS II THE YOUNGER and Queen KUNIGUNDE, consort of King Conrad I, on the former site of the Abbey in Lorsch (Germany).
02. The tomb of Queen EMMA, consort of King Louis I the German, in St Emmeram's Basilica in Regensburg (Germany).
03. The inscription from the tomb of Queen EMMA, consort of King Louis I the German, in St Emmeram's Basilica in Regensburg (Germany).
04. The tomb of King CARLOMAN OF BAVARIA in the Church of St St Philip and Jacob at Altötting (Germany).
01. The present tomb of King and Emperor CHARLES III THE FAT in the Monastery of Reichenau (Germany).
02. The former tomb of King and Emperor CHARLES III THE FAT in the Monastery of Reichenau (Germany).
The epitaph to King CONRAD I in Fulda Cathedral (Germany)
The tombs of King HENRY I and his Queen MATILDA in the Church of St Servatius in Quedlinburg (Germany)
Tombs in Magdeburg Cathedral (Germany):
01. King and Emperor OTTO I THE GREAT.
02. Queen EDITH OF ENGLAND, consort of King Otto I the Great.
01. The tomb of King and Emperor OTTO II in St Peter's Basilica in Rome (The Vatican).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress THEOPHANO OF BYZANTIUM, consort of Emperor Otto II, in St Pantaleon's Abbey in Cologne (Germany).
The tomb of King and Emperor OTTO III in Aachen Cathedral (Germany)
The tomb of King and Emperor HENRY II and his Empress KUNIGUNDE OF LUXEMBOURG in Bamberg Cathedral (Germany)
Tombs in Speyer Cathedral (Germany):
01. King and Emperor CONRAD II.
02. Queen and Empress GISELA, consort of Emperor Conrad II.
The tomb of King and Emperor HENRY III in Speyer Cathedral (Germany)
01. King and Emperor HENRY IV.
02. Queen and Empress BERTHA OF SAVOY, consort of Emperor Henry IV.
01. The tomb of King and Emperor HENRY V in Speyer Cathedral (Germany).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress MATILDA OF ENGLAND, consort of King and Emperor Henry V, in Rouen Cathedral (France).
The tomb of King and Emperor LOTHAIR III and his Empress RICHENZA in Königslutter Abbey (Germany)
01. The tomb of King CONRAD III in Bamberg Cathedral (Germany).
02. The tomb of Queen GERTRUDE OF SULZBACH, consort of King Conrad III, in Ebrach Abbey (Germany).
The tomb of Queen and Empress BEATRICE OF BURGUNDY, consort of King and Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, in Speyer Cathedral (Germany)
Tombs in the Cathedral of Palermo (Italy)
01. King and Emperor HENRY VI.
02. Queen and Empress CONSTANCE OF SICILY, consort of King and Emperor HENRY VI.
01. The tomb of King PHILIP OF SWABIA in Speyer Cathedral (Germany).
02. The tomb of the Hohenstaufens where Queen IRENE OF BYZANTIUM, consort of King Philip of Swabia, was buried. Abbey of Lorch (Germany).
03. The epitaph to Queen IRENE OF BYZANTIUM, consort of King Philip of Swabia, in the Abbey of Lorch (Germany).
01. The tomb of King and Emperor OTTO IV in Brunswick Cathedral (Germany).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress MARY OF BRABANT, consort of Emperor Otto IV, in St Peter's Church in Louvain (Belgium).
Photo nr 02 courtesy of Mr Alexander Krischnig
01. The tomb of King and Emperor FREDERICK II in Palermo Cathedral (Italy).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress CONSTANCE OF ARAGON, consort of Emperor Frederick II, in the Cathedral of Palermo (Italy).
01. The tomb of King HENRY HOHENSTAUF in the Cathedral of Cosenza (Italy).
02. The tomb of Queen MARGARET OF AUSTRIA, consort of King Henry Hohenstauf, in Lilienfeld Abbey (Austria).
The tomb of Queen ELIZABETH OF WITTELSBACH, consort of King Conrad IV, in Stams Abbey (Austria)
The tomb of King WILLIAM OF HOLLAND in Middelburg Abbey (The Netherlands)
01. The tomb of King RUDOLPH I in the Cathedral of Speyer (Germany).
02. The cenotaph to King RUDOLPH I in the Cathedral of Speyer (Germany).
03. The cenotaph to Queen GERTRUDE ANNE, consort of King Rudolph I, in the Cathedral of Basel (Switzerland).
04. The tomb of Queen GERTRUDE ANNE, consort of King Rudolph I, in the Abbey of St Paul im Lavanttal (Austria).
The tomb of King ADOLPHUS OF NASSAU in Speyer Cathedral (Germany)
01. The tomb of King ALBERT I HABSBURG in Speyer Cathedral (Germany).
02. The tomb of Queen ELIZABETH OF CARINTHIA, consort of King Albert I, in the Monastery of St Paul im Lavanttal (Austria).
The tomb of King and Emperor HENRY VII in the Cathedral of Pisa (Italy)
The tomb of King FREDERICK THE HANDSOME in the Cathedral of Vienna (Austria)
Photo courtesy of Mr Alexander Krischnig
The tomb and the cenotaph (below) of King and Emperor LOUIS IV THE BAVARIAN and his Queen BEATRICE OF SILESIA in Our Lady's Church in Munich (Germany)
The tomb of King RUPERT and his Queen ELIZABETH in the Church of The Holy Spirit in Heidelberg (Germany)
The tomb of King JOBST OF MORAVIA in the Church of St Thomas in Brno (Czech Republic)
01. The tomb of King and Emperor FREDERICK III in St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna (Austria).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress ELEANOR OF PORTUGAL, consort of King and Emperor Frederick III, in the Parish Church Neuklosterkirche in Wiener Neustadt (Austria).
01. The tomb of King and Emperor MAXIMILIAN I in St George's Chapel in Wiener Neustadt (Austria).
02. The cenotaph to King and Emperor MAXIMILIAN I in the Court Church in Innsbruck (Austria).
03. The statue of Queen and Empress BIANCA MARIA SFORZA (centre), consort of King and Emperor Maximilian I, in the place of her burial at the Sigismund Vault, Stams Abbey (Austria).
01. The tomb of King and Emperor CHARLES V in the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress ISABELLA OF PORTUGAL, consort of King and Emperor Charles V, in the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain).
The tomb of King and Emperor FERDINAND I and his consort Queen ANNE JAGIELLONIAN in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague (Czech Republic)
01. The tomb of King and Emperor MAXIMILIAN II in the Cathedral of St Vitus in Prague (Czech Republic).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress MARY OF SPAIN, consort of King and Emperor Maximilian II, in the Church of St Clara (Discalced Franciscans) in Madrid (Spain).
The tombs of King and Emperor MATTHEW and his consort Empress ANNE OF TYROL in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria)
01. The tomb of King and Emperor FERDINAND II in the Imperial Mausoleum in Graz (Austria).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress ELEANOR OF MANTUA, consort of Emperor Ferdinand II in St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna (Austria).
01. The tomb of King and Emperor FERDINAND III in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria).
02. The tombs of Ferdinand III's wives, Empresses MARIA LEOPOLDINA OF TYROL and MARIA ANNE OF SPAIN in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria).
03. The tomb of Queen and Empress ELEANOR GONZAGA OF MANTUA, consort of King and Emperor Ferdinand III, in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria).
The tomb of King FERDINAND IV in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria)
Tombs in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria):
01. King and Emperor LEOPOLD I.
02. Queen and Empress MARGARET THERESA OF SPAIN, consort of King and Emperor Leopold I.
03. Queen and Empress ELEANOR MAGDALEN OF NEUBURG, consort of King and Emperor Leopold I.
The tomb in the Dominican Church in Vienna (Austria):
04. Queen and Empress CLAUDIA FELICITY OF TYROL, consort of King and Emperor Leopold I.
05. The epitaph to Queen and Empress CLAUDIA FELICITY.
01. The tomb of King and Emperor JOSEPH I in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria).
02. The tomb of Queen and Empress WILHELMINA AMALIA OF BRUNSWICK, consort of King and Emperor Joseph I, in the Salesian Convent in Vienna (Austria).
01. King and Emperor CHARLES VI.
02. Queen and Empress ELIZABETH CHRISTINA OF BRUNSWICK, consort of King and Emperor Charles VI.
The tombs of King and Emperor CHARLES VII ALBERT (left) and his consort Queen and Empress MARIA AMALIA OF AUSTRIA in the Theatine Church in Munich (Germany)
The tomb of King and Emperor FRANCIS I STEPHEN and his Queen and Empress MARIA THERESA in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria)
01. King and Emperor JOSEPH II.
02. Queen and Empress MARIA JOSEPHA OF BAVARIA, consort of King and Emperor Joseph II.
The tombs of King and Emperor LEOPOLD II (left) and his Queen and Empress MARIA LOUISA OF SICILY in the Capuchin Church in Vienna (Austria)
01. King and Emperor FRANCIS II.
02. Queen and Empress MARIA THERESA OF NAPLES-SICILY, consort of King and Emperor Francis II.
BURIED IN ST GEORGE'S CHAPEL
(Wiener Neustadt Georgskapelle, Burgplatz):
Emperor MAXIMILIAN I (+1519).
His cenotaph is to be found in the Court Church in Innsbruck. His heart was buried inside the tomb of his first consort Duchess Mary of Burgundy in the Church of Our Lady in Bruges (Belgium).
WIESBADEN (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE FRANCISCAN CONVENT OF KLARENTHAL (Wiesbaden, Klarissenkloster Klarenthal):
Queen IMAGINA OF LIMBURG (+1318), consort of King Adolphus of Nassau.
The convent was demolished in 1756.
THE GERMAN & IMPERIAL REGALIA
THE KINGDOM OF GERMANY
The Royal Crown of Otto III (10th century), used at his coronation in Aachen in 983, is safeguarded at the Cathedral Treasury in Essen. The crown consists of a gold rim with four fleur-de-lys and is decorated with numerous gems and pearls. It's diameter is 11,8 cm and the height of the crown is 3,6-7,7 cm. Some German historians date the crown to the 11th c. In such case it could not have been used at Otto III's coronation.
The crown of German King and Emperor Otto III
The regalia of the Holy Roman Empire are on public display at the Treasury (Schatzkammer) in Vienna's Hofburg Palace in Austria and include:
-Imperial Crown (so called Crown of Charlemagne; 9th c.),
-Imperial Orb (13th century),
-Imperial Sceptre (15th century),
-Sabre of Charlemagne (9th century).
The Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire
IMPERIAL STANDARDS
01. The imperial standard of Emperor Charles VI, c. 1737.
02. The imperial standard until 1806.
FOREIGN ROYAL BURIALS & CORONATIONS IN GERMANY
FOREIGN BURIALS IN GERMANY:
Charlemagne, King of the Franks
Margaret Sambiria of Pomerania, Queen of Denmark, consort of King Christopher I
BAD KÖSEN (PFORTA)
Agnes of Austria, Duchess of Poland, consort of Duke Ladislaus II the Exile
Clement II, Pope
Caroline Matilda of Great Britain, Queen of Denmark and Norway, consort of King Christian VII
Ferdinand I, King of Bulgaria
Rycheza, Queen of Poland, consort of King Mieszko II
DOBRJOŁUG (DOBERLUG)
Elizabeth of Poland, Duchess of Bohemia, consort of Duke Soběslav II
Adelaide of Hesse, Queen of Poland, consort of King Casimir III the Great
Otto I, King of Hungary
LEHNIN
Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Poland, consort of Duke Henry Probus
Sophia of Schönburg-Waldenburg, Princess of Albania, consort of Prince William of Wied
Fastrada, Queen of the Franks, consort of King Charlemagne
PANČICY-KUKOW (PANSCHWITZ-KUCKAU)
01. Charles Christian of Saxony, Duke of Courland
02. Francisca Krasińska, Duchess of Courland, consort of Duke Charles Christian of Saxony
Adelheid of Meissen, Queen of Bohemia, consort of King Přemysl Otakar I
01. Amalia of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece, consort of King Otto I
02. Otto I, King of Greece
Gisela of Bavaria, Queen of Hungary, consort of King Saint Stephen I
Frederica of Baden, Queen of Sweden, consort of King Gustavus IV Adolphus
Margaret of Brandenburg, Queen of Poland, consort of King Przemysł II
Richenza of Berg, Duchess of Bohemia, consort of Duke Ladislaus I
01. Abel, King of Denmark
02. Frederick I, King of Denmark and Norway
03. Niels, King of Denmark
04. Sophia of Pomerania, Queen of Denmark and Norway, consort of King Frederick I
Elizabeth of Rumania, Queen of Greece, consort of King George II
Mechtilde, Archduchess of Austria, consort of Archduke Albert VI
WEILBURG AN DER LAHN
01. Adelheid Marie of Anhalt, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, consort of Grand Duke Adolphus I
02. Adolphus I, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
03. William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Johanna Magdalena, Duchess of Courland, consort of Duke Ferdinand
FOREIGN CORONATIONS IN GERMANY:
Martin V, Pope (1417)
Přemysl Otakar I, King of Bohemia (1198)
Sweyn III, King of Denmark (1152)
Ladislaus I, King of Bohemia (1158)
THE CORONATION CHURCHES OF GERMAN KINGS FROM A TO Z
AACHEN CATHEDRAL/GERMANY
(Aachener Dom, Domhof).
Here were crowned:
936: Otto I the Great and Edith of England
961: Otto II
983: Otto III
1028: Henry III
1054: Henry IV
1099: Henry V
1125: Lothair III
1138: Conrad III
1152: Frederick I
1169: Henry VI
1198: Otto IV
1205: Philip of Swabia (the second coronation)
1215: Frederick II (the second coronation)
1222: Henry Hohenstauf
1227: Margaret of Austria, consort of Henry Hohenstauf
1248: William of Holland
1257: Richard of Cornwall and Sanchia of Provence
1273: Rudolph I and Gertrude Anna of Hohenberg
1292: Adolphus of Nassau and Imagina of Limburg
1298: Albert I of Habsburg
1309: Henry VII and Margaret of Brabant
1314: Louis IV the Bavarian and Beatrice of Silesia-Głogów
1349: Charles IV (the second coronation) and Anne of the Palatinate
1376: Wenceslaus and Joanna of Bavaria
1407: Rupert (the second coronation)
1414: Sigismund and Barbara of Cilli
1442: Frederick III
1486: Maximilian I
1520: Charles V
1531: Ferdinand I
AUGSBURG, ST ULRIC'S CHURCH/GERMANY
(Augsburg, St. Ulrichs Kirche, Ulrichsplatz).
1690: Joseph I
1690: Eleanor Magdalen of Palatinate-Neuburg, consort of Leopold I
BASEL CATHEDRAL/SWITZERLAND
(Bâle, Cathédrale de Bâle/Basel, Basler Münster, Münsterplatz).
Here was crowned:
Queen ELIZABETH OF ARAGON (+1330), consort of King Frederick the Handsome
BONN, COLLEGIATE CHURCH/GERMANY
(Bonner Münster, Münsterplatz).
1314: Frederick the Handsome
1346: Charles IV (the first coronation)
COLOGNE, CATHEDRAL/GERMANY
(Kölner Dom, Trankgasse).
1024: Gisela of Swabia, consort of Conrad II
1401: Rupert (the first coronation)
FORCHHEIM/GERMANY.
The venue of the coronation exists no longer.
900: Louis III the Child (the earliest German royal coronation)
GERMAN ROYAL CORONATIONS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
(Year, venue, name of the crowned):
900 FORCHHEIM: Louis III the Child (the earliest German royal coronation)
936 AACHEN: Otto I the Great and Edith of England
961 AACHEN: Otto II
983 AACHEN: Otto III
1002 MAINZ: Henry II
1002 PADERBORN: Kunigunde of Luxembourg, wife of Henry II
1024 MAINZ: Conrad II
1024 COLOGNE: Gisela of Swabia, consort of Conrad II
1028 AACHEN: Henry III
1043 MAINZ: Agnes of Poitou, consort of Henry III
1054 AACHEN: Henry IV
1066 WÜRZBURG: Bertha of Savoy, consort of Henry IV
1099 AACHEN: Henry V
1110 MAINZ: Matilda of England, consort of Henry V (the first coronation)
1114 MAINZ: Matilda of England, consort of Henry V (the second coronation)
1125 AACHEN: Lothair III
1138 AACHEN: Conrad III
1152 AACHEN: Frederick I
1169 AACHEN: Henry VI
1198 MAINZ: Philip of Swabia (the first coronation)
1198 AACHEN: Otto IV
1205 AACHEN: Philip of Swabia (the second coronation)
1212 MAINZ: Frederick II (the first coronation)
1215 AACHEN: Frederick II (the second coronation)
1222 AACHEN: Henry Hohenstauf
1227 AACHEN: Margaret of Austria, consort of Henry Hohenstauf
1235 WORMS: Isabella of England, consort of Frederick II
1248 AACHEN: William of Holland
1257 AACHEN: Richard of Cornwall and Sanchia of Provence
1273 AACHEN: Rudolph I and Gertrude Anna of Hohenberg
1292 AACHEN: Adolphus of Nassau and Imagina of Limburg
1298 AACHEN: Albert I of Habsburg
1309 AACHEN: Henry VII and Margaret of Brabant
1314 BONN: Frederick the Handsome
1314 AACHEN: Louis IV the Bavarian and Beatrice of Silesia-Głogów
1315 BASEL: Elizabeth of Aragon, consort of Frederick the Handsome
1346 BONN: Charles IV (the first coronation)
1349 AACHEN: Charles IV (the second coronation) and Anne of the Palatinate
1376 AACHEN: Wenceslaus and Joanna of Bavaria
1401 COLOGNE: Rupert (the first coronation)
1407 AACHEN: Rupert (the second coronation)
1414 AACHEN: Sigismund and Barbara of Cilli
1442 AACHEN: Frederick III
1486 AACHEN: Maximilian I
1520 AACHEN: Charles V
1531 AACHEN: Ferdinand I
1690 AUGSBURG: Joseph I
1690 AUGSBURG: Eleanor Magdalen of Palatinate-Neuburg, consort of Leopold I
Henry I, Conrad IV and Albert II were never crowned German kings.
Jobst of Moravia died prior to his coronation.
IMPERIAL CORONATIONS OF GERMAN KINGS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
881 ROME: Charles III the Fat and Richardis
896 ROME: Arnulf of Carinthia
962 ROME: Otto I the Great and Adelaide of Burgundy
967 ROME: Otto II
972 ROME: Theophano of Byzantium, consort of Otto II
996 ROME: Otto III
1014 ROME: Henry II and Kunigunde of Luxembourg
1027 ROME: Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia
1046 ROME: Henry III and Agnes of Poitou
1084 ROME: Henry IV and Bertha of Savoy
1117 ROME: Henry V and Matilda of England
1133 ROME: Lothar III and Richenza of Northeim
1155 ROME: Frederick I
1167 ROME: Frederick I (the second coronation) and Beatrice of Burgundy
1191 ROME: Henry VI and Constance of Sicily
1209 ROME: Otto IV
1220 ROME: Frederick II and Constance of Aragon and Hungary
1312 ROME: Henry VII
1328 ROME: Louis IV the Bavarian
1355 ROME: Charles IV and Anne of Świdnica
1433 ROME: Sigismund of Luxembourg
1452 ROME: Frederick III and Eleanor of Portugal (the last imperial coronation in Rome)
1530 BOLOGNA: Charles V
1558 FRANKFURT: Ferdinand I
1562 FRANKFURT: Maximilian II
1575 REGENSBURG: Rudolph II
1612 FRANKFURT: Matthew and Anna of Tyrol
1619 FRANKFURT: Ferdinand II
1630 REGENSBURG: Eleanor of Mantua, consort of Ferdinand II
1636 REGENSBURG: Ferdinand III
1637 REGENSBURG: Maria Anna of Spain, consort of Ferdinand III
1653 REGENSBURG: Eleanor of Mantua-Nevers-Gonzaga, consort of Ferdinand III
1653 REGENSBURG: Ferdinand IV
1658 FRANKFURT: Leopold I
1705 FRANKFURT: Joseph I
1711 FRANKFURT: Charles VI
1742 FRANKFURT: Charles VII Albert and Maria Amalia of Austria
1745 FRANKFURT: Francis I Stephen
1764 FRANKFURT: Joseph II
1790 FRANKFURT: Leopold II
1792 FRANKFURT: Francis II
Conrad III, Rudolph I and Wenceslaus were never crowned emperors.
THE CORONATION CHURCHES OF HOLY ROMAN EMPERORS
BOLOGNA, BASILICA OF ST PETRONIUS/ITALY
(Bologna, Basilica di San Petronio, Piazza Maggiore).
1530: Charles V (the last imperial coronation by the pope)
FRANKFURT CATHEDRAL/GERMANY
(Frankfurter Dom, Bendergasse/Domplatz).
1562: Maximilian II
1612: Matthew and Anna of Tyrol
1619: Ferdinand II
1658: Leopold I
1711: Charles VI
1742: Charles VII Albert and Maria Amalia of Austria
1745: Francis I Stephen
1764: Joseph II
1790: Leopold II
1792: Francis II
REGENSBURG CATHEDRAL/GERMANY
(Regensburger Dom, Domplatz).
1575: Rudolph II
1630: Eleanor of Mantua, consort of Ferdinand II
1636: Ferdinand III
1637: Maria Anna of Spain, consort of Ferdinand III
1653: Eleanor of Mantua-Nevers-Gonzaga, wife of Ferdinand III
1653: Ferdinand IV
ROME, BASILICA OF ST JOHN LATERAN/THE VATICAN
(Roma, Basilica San Giovanni in Laterano, Piazza di Porta San Giovanni).
1133: Lothar III and Richenza of Northeim
1312: Henry VII
1328: Louis IV the Bavarian
ROME, ST PETER'S BASILICA/THE VATICAN
(Roma, Basilica San Pietro, Piazza San Pietro/St Peter's Square).
881: Charles III the Fat and Richardis
896: Arnulf of Carinthia
962: Otto I the Great and Adelaide of Burgundy
972: Theophano of Byzantium, consort of Otto II
1014: Henry II and Kunigunde of Luxembourg
1027: Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia
1046: Henry III and Agnes of Poitou
1084: Henry IV and Bertha of Savoy
1117: Henry V and Matilda of England
1167: Frederick I (the second coronation) and Beatrice of Burgundy
1191: Henry VI and Constance of Sicily
1220: Frederick II and Constance of Aragon and Hungary
1355: Charles IV and Anne of Świdnica
1433: Sigismund of Luxembourg
1452: Frederick III and Eleanor of Portugal (the last imperial coronation in Rome)
MAINZ, CATHEDRAL/GERMANY (Mainzer Dom, Marktplatz).
1002: Henry II
1024: Conrad II
1043: Agnes of Poitou, consort of Henry III
1110: Matilda of England, consort of Henry V (the first coronation)
1114: Matilda of England, consort of Henry V (the second coronation)
1198: Philip of Swabia (the first coronation)
1212: Frederick II (the first coronation)
PADERBORN, CATHEDRAL/GERMANY
(Paderborn, Dom, Domplatz).
1002: Kunigunde of Luxembourg,
consort of Henry II
WORMS, CATHEDRAL OF ST PETER/GERMANY
(Worms, Dom St. Peter, Domplatz).
1235: Isabella of England, consort of Frederick II
WÜRZBURG/GERMANY.
1066: Bertha of Savoy, consort of Henry IV


'Star Wars: The Force Awakens' Rumor: Domhnall Gleeson's Character Revealed?
Star Wars: The Force Awakens is going to give fans of the galaxy far, far away another chance to see old friends such as Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, and Princess Leia, but audiences should expect to see more of the new characters in J.J. Abrams' film. Disney has placed the new guard front and center in the marketing campaign so far, revealing names like Finn (John Boyega), Rey (Daisy Ridley), and Poe Dameron (Oscar Isaac). However, the actors are far from the only new arrivals to the franchise, meaning we still have much to learn.
Take, for instance, Domhnall Gleeson. The former Harry Potter actor is someone who has an unknown role in the film, and his character was mentioned in the recent rumored breakdown of the movie's plot. According to the latest reports, he is playing a Rebel who defected to the Empire after discovering the Alliance had constructed a super weapon, and is the "son of a major character." How major? Well, he just might be the Son of Skywalker.
Making Star Wars (the same site that posted the newest rumors) is claiming that they have heard from four different sources that Gleeson is portraying Luke's offspring. In cases like this, it's important to take this information with a grain of salt, but given what we've heard about the film (and that so many people are saying the same thing), it would certainly seem like there is some truth here. If Gleeson is related to a major Star Wars character, they don't get much bigger than Luke.
The report makes no mention of the character's name, so some could presume that Gleeson is playing Kylo Ren (the cloaked figure wielding the cross guard lightsaber). If this development is true, that would make sense, but Kylo is the part that is rumored to be filled by Adam Driver, and all signs are pointing to Gleeson's character serving as an Imperial officer of sorts and not a Force user. Luke did have a son (Ben) in the Expanded Universe, but the EU is - for the most part - no longer canon.
Domhnall Gleeson with his 'Force Awakens' co-stars.
In addition to Gleeson's potential movie bloodlines, Making Star Wars had some additional details about his character. Playing in line with what we've previously heard, Gleeson's role is actually that of a double agent who is on a secret mission to rid the galaxy of super weapons from both sides of the conflict, believing that their existence is against his moral compass. While he is trying to track down Finn (who has gone AWOL from the Empire), he's apparently doing bad things in the name of the greater good.
They also say that his character has "major implications" for the overarching narrative of the film. His actions in what is referred to as the Galactic Cold War are successful in disabling the super weapons, but prevents there from being anything to keep the peace ("mutually assured destruction" is no longer an option now). Things escalate when the fight for control over planets and territories commences, leading to battles with unforeseen consequences.
If all this ends up being fact, then Gleeson could be one of the more interesting and memorable characters in the whole movie. He would provide viewers with a mirror image of Finn, who allegedly has seen first-hand how brutal the Empire can be (causing him to defect). Furthermore, the idea that the Rebellion has less-than-honorable folks working for it (leading their own members to question methods) would be new material for a Star Wars film to tackle and give audiences some heady food-for-thought. Not to mention, exploring Gleeson's relationship with Luke could lead to strong character moments that supplement the genre thrills.
Of course, since these are all still pesky rumors and not official information from Disney/Lucasfilm, this could all end up being hearsay by the time we see the final product. In due time we should be getting the second Force Awakens trailer, which will hopefully provide some story hints and clear this picture up so we have some idea what to expect when December rolls around.
Star Wars: The Force Awakens will hit theaters December 18.


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Home Features 'The Tutor's Daughter' provides plenty for mystery lovers
'The Tutor's Daughter' provides plenty for mystery lovers
Julie Klassen's chilling and gripping novel, The Tutor's Daughter, written in 2012, is a real page-turner that sucks the reader into its mysteries, twists and turns.
The novel takes place in Cornwall in 1817, a place famous for its mysterious shipwrecks. The story begins with Emma Smallwood, daughter of a tutor, who is determined to save her family financially after their school for young men goes bankrupt. Emma begins writing to her father's former pupils determined for them to reopen their school again. To their surprise, a reply comes from Lord Weston, a former supporter of their school. Lord Weston writes about his younger sons needing tutoring before sending them to university. After no other replies, Emma and her father prepare to leave for the Weston estate in Cornwall for an entire year.
The novel can be described as a mystery or thriller novel as Emma and her father embark on their trip to Cornwall and are unwelcomed by the Westons. When Emma begins to settle in, strange things begin to happen. Emma hears someone come into her room and move around with her belongings. Another night, she hears someone playing the pianoforte only to find no one there.
When Emma tells of the mysterious happenings, no one believes her. Emma befriends Lady Weston's ward, her orphaned niece Lizzie. Lizzie is a high-spirited 17-year-old who has a childish nature, but Emma enjoys her company. Lizzie tells Emma about the former Lady Weston, who mysteriously died years prior and still haunts the home. However, Emma does not believe her. The Weston's older sons, Phillip and Henry, arrive and are surprised to see Emma. Henry and Weston both attended Emma's father's academy during their childhood. Phillip took a liking to Emma, but Henry was always cruel. Emma is surprised to see that Henry has changed, and they begin a friendship. Henry does not believe any of Emma's mysterious experiences but slowly begins to believe her when they become a reality to him as well.
The novel is filled with romance, betrayal, mysteries and thrills. Klassen has a way of keeping her readers interested with her gripping twist and turns. Each of her novels has its unique mysteries, and she always has a way to fool her readers. This novel is highly recommended for readers who love thriller and mystery novels.
by Mikayla Rainey
The Tutor's Daughter
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


John Van Seters socio-historical study of the Pentateuch will be re-issued in October of this year.
The biggest worry I have with this is that it puts the Davidic/Salomonic United Kingdom too late. Under this view, it is not a theological retroprojection of the Josianic Reform movement that is to be restored, but entirely without historical context. That's a bit too radical even for my tastes.
Finkelstein, The Forgotten Kingdom, 2013, pp.142f, challenges any date for the Jacob cycle after 722 bc, because in the 8th century prophecies of Hosea 12, the cycle is assumed.


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saltlakecity.com
Bus And Minivan Tours
Salt Lake City Tour and Mormon Tabernacle Choir Performance
Don't miss the world-famous Mormon Tabernacle Choir! In addition to a Salt Lake City sightseeing tour of sites including the State Capital Building, Old Deseret Village and Temple Square, you'll be treated to a breathtaking performance of one of the most celebrated choirs in history. Choose an intimate evening rehearsal on Thursdays or a full-blown concert on Sunday mornings.
Kennecott Copper Mine and Great Salt Lake Tour from Salt Lake City
Visit two Utah treasures in one day on this tour from Salt Lake City. View the Kennecott Copper Mine from a spectacular mountain-top overlook. The world's largest excavation and open-pit copper mine that's one of the few man-made creations visible from space. Then, visit the famous Great Salt Lake, the saltiest lake in the Western Hemisphere.
Salt Lake City Sightseeing Tour
On this sightseeing tour of Salt Lake City, visit popular attractions such as Temple Square, the State Capitol Building, Old Deseret Village, the Mormon Trail, Fort Douglas and sites from the 2002 Winter Olympics. You'll be treated to a live organ recital at the world-famous Mormon Tabernacle, as well as lunch at the Lion House, Brigham Young's former pioneer home.
© 2020 saltlakecity.com.


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Tuonela är dödsriket i den finska mytologin.

Konst
Under den nationalromantiska eran inspirerade Tuonela flera konstnärer, bland annat Jean Sibelius, som komponerade Tuonelas svan, en tondikt för orkester. Akseli Gallen-Kallela målade På väg till Tuonela, en symbolisk avbildning av en ung man. Eino Leino skrev 1898 den symboliska dramatiska dikten "Tuonelan joutsen".

Finsk mytologi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Within the framework of the Horizon 2020 Program as a result of the dialogue among the countries of CELAC with the European Union, it was possible to implement some calls in which the participation of countries from Latin America and the Caribbean is mandatory. These are in the areas of Health, Transport, and Sustainable Urbanization, and for 2019 it is also included Infrastructures. It is important to consider that those CELAC researchers interested in these thematic areas will have more chances to participate of an international consortium and present successful collaborative projects.


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Iran General News U.S. again asks Iran about missing American
U.S. again asks Iran about missing American
Reuters: The United States has sought information for the third time in a month from Tehran about the whereabouts of a missing former FBI agent believed to be in Iran, the State Department said on Monday.
WASHINGTON (Reuters) – The United States has sought information for the third time in a month from Tehran about the whereabouts of a missing former FBI agent believed to be in Iran, the State Department said on Monday.
Florida resident and ex-FBI agent Robert Levinson went missing while on a visit to the Gulf island of Kish in Iran early in March. U.S. officials have said they believe he is in Iran but have no credible information about his exact whereabouts. It is not clear why Levinson visited Iran.
"Over the weekend, we did send another message via the Swiss to the Iranian government asking for any answer as to what they know of his whereabouts," State Department spokesman Sean McCormack told reporters.
The United States first sought information about Levinson on March 12, making its request through Switzerland because Washington has not had diplomatic relations with Tehran since 1980, when it cut ties after the Iranian revolution.
When that inquiry proved fruitless, the United States sent a formal letter about two weeks ago, also via Switzerland.
"We have gone back to the Iranians after what we thought was a sufficient interval for them to conduct an investigation and asked them to give us an answer," he added, saying the United States believed Levinson had traveled to Iran and had no reason to believe he had left.
"We would have hoped that the formal request … would have been sufficient to launch a more formal investigation," he told reporters later.
Details surrounding Levinson's visit to Kish island are sketchy, but McCormack said the United States was "relatively confident" the former FBI agent did not leave Iran.
Before going to Kish, Levinson visited the U.S. consulate in Dubai, said McCormack, adding he had no details about the consulate meeting or why the former FBI agent went there before he left for Kish. U.S. citizens do not require a visa for Kish but one is needed for mainland Iran.
"I don't know the extent of their conversations," he said of the discussions Levinson had with Dubai consular officials.
Diplomats fear the case of Levinson could mark a new twist in apparent tit-for-tat detentions involving the United States, Britain and Iran, which began with the detention by U.S. forces in Iraq of five Iranians in January and the capture of 15 British sailors by Iran who were freed earlier this month.
There are also heightened tensions between the two countries over Iran's nuclear program and Washington has spearheaded U.N. sanctions against Tehran.
"Regardless of whatever political differences may exist between the United States and the Iranian government, we wouldn't think that those differences would in any way impinge upon a good-faith search for an American citizen who may be on the territory of Iran," said McCormack when asked whether he thought Iran was stonewalling on the case.
The United States cut diplomatic ties with Iran in April 1980, five months after Iranian students occupied the American Embassy in Tehran and took U.S. citizens hostage. Fifty-two Americans were held hostage for 444 days.
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From Greek Street it looks like a the kind of alley that would only be of interest for graffiti-tag bingo or catching chlamydia. In fact this tiny Soho thoroughfare just off Foyles has a fascinating backstory and a smashing secret rock-and-roll bar.
The arm-and-hammer that you see in Manette Street is technically a replica though; the real one was given to the Dickens museum.
Manette Street was also once a hotbed for anarchism, which stretches back to when a radical socialist-communist club lived at number six; then, it was a sad, dilapidated block that resembled a "railway station, with groups of men, women and children sitting disconsolately amidst piles of luggage." In the 1950s, the London Anarchist Group held outdoor meetings out on the pavement here too apparently.
There's only one attraction on Manette Street today but it's a great one. The Crobar at number 17 is a suitably grungy rock bar for a street with anarchistic links: think Jägermeister and cranberry cocktails and frizzie-bearded bartenders that look like they belong in a Harley Davidson ad.
My favourite thing about this place is the vintage jukebox with a catalogue of tunes by the likes of Lynyrd Skynyrd and Judas Priest. Be warned though, you'll need some patience for loitering if it's busy, as there's inevitably competition to decide the next track.
Other best thing about this place is it's cheap and cheerful. Happy hour 4pm-9pm every day and £3 Bulleit Bourbon and mixers all night from Monday to Thursday, woop! An estate agent would describe it as snug, and you'd be lucky to nab of stool and it's usually chock-a-block with its cadre of fiercely loyal raven-haired, rose-tattooed regulars. An experience.


I just ordered 2 wine stoppers as Christmas gifts for friends. I received them yesterday & they are absolutely beautiful! They were delivered quickly & better than expected. Thank you!
I ordered a total of 5 crystal bases. They all came out beautiful. I ordered 1 at first that was 3D ( exceptional). Then I ordered 4 more. I had some circumstances that had to be met and the team @ 3D Innovation came through. Great customer service and product.
My niece gave me a heart of my deceased sister and me for my 80th birthday. It is so beautiful and brought back so many memories I cried. My friends also think it's so unique they asked me if you had a web site.. I contacted my niece in Mission Viejo, and she sent it to me. I have shared it with my friends. Thank you so much for my gift of memories.
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I had visited Green Acres Mall and saw the lovely crystals they had on display. I was given a flyer, held on to it and when the appropriate time I made contact with them. My situation was I needed it for Sunday mind you I made contact with them on Thursday. Not to worry I was told we can do that for you although we generally have it/them ready in three business days. The young man was so precise with the details, pricing and all my questions were answered clearly. Mind you again all this was done by phone. I live and work in Bklyn and he made this process so hassle free for me. Ik. So long story short...I gave him the information he needed to process payment, via emailed my receipt listing everything. And I tell you already I am a happy satisfied customer and I haven't even seen the finished product. That young man created in me a feeling of confidence, comfortably and trust. My mindset is: It's been a pleasure doing business with you with you and I'm sure we'll be doing business together again. So if you're looking for a great gift, totally different and unique go to 3D innovation.
My fiancé purchased a crystal cube along with a keychain as a gift for me after my daughter's passing. The customer service representatives that I have had the pleasure of speaking with since I received the gifts were very kind and informative. I recommend any of their crystals as a gift to anyone for any occasion.
This company totally impressed me. I ordered the 5x7 beveled edge piece with the light up stand for a dear friend's wedding gift. It arrived so quickly, I couldn't believe it. I didn't even look at it for a few weeks, but then with little more than a week before the big day, I opened it up and saw that I had put the wrong year on the etching. I was heartbroken and had no idea how I would replace it on such short notice. I called and spoke to Spring at 3D and she not only took it upon herself to make sure I had a replacement that was perfect, but it arrived within just 2-3 days. And she was right. It is perfect. Her compassion was perfect and their customer service exceeded any expectations I might have had. Thank you, Spring and 3D, for the perfect gift for this couple.
My dad loved his gift for Fathers Day. He was thrilled and could not believe how beautiful it was! Great service and would recommend this to anyone looking for a creative gift for any occasion.
Best gift ever! We have given four or five of these to family and friends. After giving the first one, and seeing the reaction, we knew these would be at the top of the list for special and very personal gifts. It's not just a gift, it's an heirloom.
This was the absolute PERFECT gift for my boyfriend. I had a crystal made with his deceased parents picture. It brought him to tears. We were both so impressed at how detailed the crystal was which looked even better than the actual photo. Excellent job 3d Innovation!!!!!
Me and the family stop by the Lenox Square Mall in Georgia. I walking and moving left, right, up and down. When I laid eye son the custom pieces they had on display I knew from that point on I had to have one. I ordered it for my wife while we where there on 2/10/18 and went about our way heading back to Illinois. It made it exactly on our anniversary which is 2/14/18. My wife was blown away and so was I. It was better than I could imagine. Vitaly and the young lady at the mall were very helpful in making my wife and I feel special. Trust me you won't be disappointed.
I ordered a small heart crystal to be etched of our dog that passed last year, to mark his one year being gone. I just received it in the mail and all I can say is 'WOW'!! It looks absolutely amazing. The picture is so detailed down to his strands of hair sticking up. Thank you so much...you made me smile and cry at the same time. There is a special place on our mantel waiting for this heart.
Just so, so beautiful. Today, I just saw one of your gifts at a 70th birthday luncheon. I am so impressed with it that I will be ordering one for my brother's 70th birthday in December.
Fabulous customer service and an unbelievable product.
I happened to be visiting Atlanta for work last week. I had some free time and wandered over to the mall where I found this booth. I was immediately attracted to the display and purchased a heart shaped crystal as a gift. In it are my in-laws, both of whom passed away. What a wonderful way to memorialize them! I received my crystal in 4 days and it was even more beautiful than expected!! This company does amazing work and took excellent care of me. I highly recommend their services and will likely use them again.
My name is Latoya Jones. I recently submitted a review about the crystals I ordered last August. I wasn't able to send the video then but I am now. In case you don't remember my father in law lost his sister to a long battle with cancer. There was four siblings and they are extremely close. it has been about 5 years since she passed and we only have pictures to remember her by. We leave a spot open for her at all family get together til this day. I was so fortunate to come across the both in the mall. My husband and I decided to get them these for Christmas. Needless to say it was absolutely amazing and beautiful. The crystals are perfect. I've gotten so many compliments about the gifts. We couldn't of gotten a better gift. Thank you again. I can't wait to order more!
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I bought one of the heart crystals over Christmas at a mall in Wayne NJ. Let me tell you Karen E, the manager of that location, went above and beyond to ensure my gift was perfect!!! I would recommend these gifts to anyone as they are so amazing and capture the moments perfectly!!
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Andy and Evan watch bad TV shows so you don't have to.
Our very first guest host! Evan's sister/Andy's wife Allison joins us to discuss The Gilmore Girls revival episode "Fall." Evan explains the Star Wars-Gilmore Girls expanded universe. Andy brings up bear penises. And then cat penises. Allison discusses Kirk's probable autism and points out that Rory was missing her underwear FOR A YEAR.
8. Mulan is the Big Bad!


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CID Solar Thermal Port Augusta
Mr RAMSEY (Grey–Government Whip) (18:37): I trust that the member for Herbert will get a map and find out where the Snowy Mountains are. South Australia, Minister, is the epicentre of the energy crisis facing Australia, and it is a cheap and adequate example to the rest of Australia on what not to do with your electricity network.
In 2011, I first met with Alinta and was alerted to the impact that the proliferation of wind energy was having on their business plan. Throughout 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 I continued to meet with them. In 2012, I met with AEMO and tried to encourage some of our large customers to write longer term contracts with the Northern Power Station at Port Augusta, which was owned by Alinta-all to no avail, it seems, Minister. I am sad to report that Alinta announced the closure of the Northern Power Station in 2015. It had 15 years life left in it, and South Australia would not be facing the issues that it is now if that power station had not closed.
Alinta tried to get the Weatherill government to contribute $25 million for it to stay open for a further three years, which they chose not to do. Their next offer to the Weatherill government was to sell them the Northern Power Station for $1-one dollar. The consequent solution from the Weatherill government was to spend $350 million of taxpayers' money to try and address the problem. We could have solved the problem for $1. However, throughout this period the Port Augusta community, anticipating the eventual closure of the Northern Power Station, have been campaigning loudly and vigorously for a solar thermal power station with storage to be situated at Port Augusta.
There has been a plethora of renewable projects in South Australia. Last year, 47 per cent of our electricity came from renewable sources. That sounds impressive, but unfortunately it is an unmitigated disaster. Not only do we have the most unreliable electricity in Australia; we have the most expensive. Sadly, this is an issue that I warned of. Because there has been no corresponding investment in storage of energy, that has led us to this very fragile state in South Australia. Consequently, the subsidised surplus of wind energy when it is windy-and I must say that, in South Australia, that is a fair bit of the time-has destroyed the business model of the base-load generators like Northern. Every day a new intermittent facility is commissioned, every day that a new facility comes online-and the Weatherill government shows no intention of slowing up on giving planning permission to these new facilities-it further destroys the business case for Torrens Island and Pelican Point gas-fired power stations.
In 2015 I had the opportunity to lead a parliamentary delegation to the US, and I had the opportunity to convince them that it would be good idea to visit SolarReserve's Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Facility in Nevada, a 110-megawatt solar thermal concentrator with 1.1 gigawatt hours of storage-and I think that is a very important point, Minister: 1.1 gigawatt hours of storage. It is a very impressive facility, and we were all impressed. SolarReserve is very interested in building such a facility in Port Augusta. Subsequently, I met with an Australian company, Solarstor. They have developed Australian world-first technology-heat storage in graphite blocks, multiple towers, and revolutionary toroidal mirrors-and they too are very interested in building a facility in Port Augusta. I have worked with both companies. In the lead-up to last year's election, I elicited support from the government, with then industry minister Greg Hunt, to announce that the federal government would support a solar thermal facility with storage in Port Augusta up to a value of $110 million. In this year's budget, I was delighted when the Treasurer confirmed this commitment with an allocation of $110 million for solar thermal at Port Augusta by way of a tender process.
Minister, the question to you is: how is this process going, and where are we up to at the moment? Because we all wait with bated breath to see this become a reality in Port Augusta. The great emphasis that both of those proposals have on storage is of the essence to South Australia. We have more than enough renewable energy; we need to be able to store it and manage it.
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Hill-Wood & Co Chartered Landscape Architects - offering Masterplanning, Landscape Architecture and Landscape Design across the UK.
Hill-Wood & Co is a newly evolved company - yet offers 13 years of experience ranging from the masterplanning of large and small builds, Landscape Architecture and design as well as the management of Arboricultural Services and Ecology - ensuring projects meet planning requirements.
Hill-Wood & Co can offer clients and their projects proactive foresight - ensuring areas of conflict are identified early on, as well as providing plans to project schedules and ensuring budgets are closely adhered to.
Combined with positive Landscape Design, Hill-Wood & Co aim to prevent and reduce the need for costly surveys in all areas of landscape, trees and ecology.


Distance from beach: 1 km.
A luxurious complex of three villas (MYK006 / MYK029 / MYK030) offers great vacation options in Greece. Built in traditional Cycladic architectural style in white and pastel colors and elegant furnishing. The complex is very close to the most beautiful and famous beaches of the island, as "Saint Anna", "Kalo Livadi" and "Kalafatis". They are very famous for their golden sands and turquoise waters.
Villa MYK030 lodges up to 9 guests offering comfortable accommodation in 5 bedrooms: 1 master bedroom with double bed, 1 guest double bedroom with ensuite bathroom, 2 guest rooms sharing a bathroom and 1 extra single room, that can be used for a child or extra staff escorting the guests. Staff room also comes with a private bathroom.
An open plan living room with beamed ceiling features cozy sofas, TV, wireless internet access and incorporates the kitchen and dining room. It has direct access to the pool terrace.
Outdoors, the villa boasts a private infinity pool – ideal for sunbathing and relaxing. In addition, barbeque equipment and accessories provided for grill dinner preparation.
The villa is perfect for those seeking peaceful holidays with comforts and ultimate service. It fits both groups and family travelers.
Many of the Greek "jetsetters" either have a house here or visit every summer, and the nightlife is very developed. You will see a lot of eccentrics especially at night time. Even though it is a party-island, it is not as loud as for example Ios and Kos, so you can get sleep at night.