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EU reforms cannot be reversed, Donald Tusk says
duration 24 February 2016
media captionMichael Gove: EU court stands above nation states
The package of reforms negotiated by David Cameron cannot be reversed by European judges, according to the EU Council president.
Donald Tusk told MEPs the deal was "legally binding and irreversible".
It comes after Justice Secretary Michael Gove told the BBC the European Court of Justice could throw out some measures without EU treaty change.
Both Downing Street and attorney general Jeremy Wright say the reforms cannot be reversed.
A UK referendum on whether to remain a member of the EU will take place on 23 June, with the Conservative Party and David Cameron's cabinet divided over which side to support.
Follow updates on the BBC's live referendum page
The UK's EU referendum: All you need to know
Remain v Leave: Where do MPs stand?
Mr Gove, one of five cabinet ministers campaigning for an EU exit, said that without treaty change all elements of the PM's renegotiation settlement were potentially subject to legal challenge.
"The facts are that the European Court of Justice is not bound by this agreement until treaties are changed and we don't know when that will be," he said.
He said Mr Cameron was "absolutely right that this is a deal between 28 nations all of whom believe it", adding: "But the whole point about the European Court of Justice is that it stands above the nation states."
But the PM's spokesman said the text of the deal would be deposited at the United Nations later on Wednesday, adding that this would "put beyond doubt that it is legally binding and irreversible in EU law".
Mr Tusk, who played a key role in negotiating the settlement, said it was "in conformity with the treaties and cannot be annulled by the European Court of Justice".
He said: "But it will only enter into force if the British people vote to stay. If they vote to leave, the settlement will cease to exist."
The UK's negotiation "was the first round… and the last", he added.
Analysis by Clive Coleman, BBC legal affairs correspondent
If it walks, talks and smells like a treaty, then it is a treaty.
What is important is the substance of the agreement and not the label "treaty".
As Mr Gove acknowledges, this is a "deal between 28 nations all of whom believe it". In other words, all of whom intend to be bound by it.
The more significant question is, perhaps, what is the value and status of the deal as a matter of EU law?
Read the rest of Clive's analysis
Mr Tusk was speaking at the first European Parliament session since the European Council summit where the reforms were agreed following drawn-out negotiations between leaders.
BBC political correspondent Ben Wright in Brussels said there was some "exasperation" on show from some political groupings that they "had been forced to go through this in the first place".
Earlier Downing Street responded to Mr Gove's comments on legality by citing Alan Dashwood, the former director of legal services at the EU, who said the "Decision" was a binding legal agreement reached by consensus and could only be amended or rescinded by consensus - or, "in other words, with the agreement of the UK".
The European Court of Justice was set up in the 1950s to ensure European law is interpreted and applied evenly in every EU country but many Tory MPs believe it has over-extended its jurisdiction and its powers should be rolled back.
Martin Schulz, the president of the European Parliament, said the guarantee that the UK would be exempted from ever-closer union would be "written exactly" into the treaties in the form it was agreed last week and "nobody can tell British voters other things".
Analysis by BBC political editor Laura Kuenssberg
Mr Gove's comments will be catnip for Eurosceptics who've already been arguing that Mr Cameron's deal is hardly worth the paper its written on.
For David Cameron, maintaining the sense that the deal he's achieved can and will improve the UK's relationship with the rest of the European Union in a meaningful way is a vital part of his campaign.
It's one thing Tories from different parts, different generations of the party, disagreeing. It's quite another when it is two who have shared political hopes, ambition, and even family holidays.
Read more from Laura
Joshua Rozenberg: Does the EU impact on UK sovereignty?
Mr Wright, the government's senior law officer, told the BBC that although challenges could be brought to the European Court of Justice, the UK agreement had "very similar legal strength" to existing treaty obligations.
"The suggestion that this agreement does not have legal effect until it is incorporated into EU treaties is not correct. That is not just my opinion - it is the opinion of this government's lawyers, lawyers for the EU, and, I suspect, the majority of lawyers in this country."
Former attorney general Dominic Grieve told the BBC that Mr Gove was simply "wrong".
media captionIn full: Michael Gove talks to Laura Kuenssberg about why he backs an EU exit
But the justice secretary's comments were seized upon by Conservative MPs campaigning for the UK to leave the EU.
Human rights minister Dominic Raab said: "The last word on enforceability very clearly lies with the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg."
Speaking during the European Parliament session, UKIP leader Nigel Farage said lodging the document with the UN was "completely meaningless".
"You might as well lodge a pair of socks," he added.
Ministers who want to quit the EU have been allowed special dispensation to oppose the government at the referendum, although strict rules have been put in place for the campaign.
The BBC has been told that following Mr Gove's interview, Downing Street ordered his officials to stop showing him documents concerning the EU.
Number 10 said Mr Gove was subject to the same rules as every minister arguing for the UK to leave the EU and the move was nothing to do with his comments.
In other referendum developments, the head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, said she thought the impact of the UK leaving the EU was "bound to be a negative on all fronts".
She added that it would be a bad development "For those who stay, because there are fewer of them, and for those who go, because they lose the benefit of that facilitation of exchange."
Michael Gove
EU vote: What you need to know
EU referendum: How will divided government work?
No civil service aid for exit ministers
Biden enters White House as 46th US president
Joe Biden has taken the oath of office to replace Donald Trump as president of the United States.
Joe Biden replaces Trump as US president
duration9 minutes ago
Trump's final day fact-checked8
Biden inauguration in pictures10


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From capitalist aliens to socialist skeletons, the seven scariest propaganda posters ever
Fascism. Socialism. Capitalism. Monsters have been used to portray all kinds of political and economic systems over the years. Ben Murray take a look at some of the most horrific propaganda posters history has to offer
by Ben Murray
Horror Politics
From a multi-headed beast symbolizing the French aristocracy during the Revolution to a sinister octopus signifying American capitalism, these posters and pictures offer a fascinating look at how monsters have been used to represent political and economic ideas and systems over the years, usually by the sides that oppose them.
The Many Headed Monster
This shows former US president Andrew Jackson fighting a many headed monster which represents the states of the Union. Jackson wanted to destroy the Second Bank of the United States but most of the states supported it. He thought it was a corrupt institution that put wealth in the hands of the few. Jackson won in the end and the bank was liquidated in 1841.
The Devilfish
This American cartoon shows British imperialism as an octopus with its tentacles reaching all round the world. England is called a 'devilfish' and its next target is Egypt, which it occupied from 1882 until its final withdrawal in 1956.
The Oil Octopus
This cartoon is from 1904 and shows the Standard Oil company as yet another octopus. These kind of images were common in the late 19th century during a time when corporations were becoming all powerful. So powerful in fact that their 'tentacles' reached right into public and private life.
Britannia and the Beast
This Tory party poster from 1909 shows the 'beast' of socialism throttling the figure of Britannia. You'll notice her belt says 'prosperity'. The idea is that this particular political system would stifle free trade, capitalism and economic growth. Socialists would obviously disagree.
The Two-Headed Enemy
This Second World War poster depicts the axis powers (Germany and Japan) as a vicious two-headed monster threatening the liberty of the US. It stresses the need for the people of America to keep up economic production in an effort to win the war.
The Skeleton Soldier
An early 20th century political movement in Russia, the Bolsheviks believed in the violent overthrow of state capitalism. For many people across the political spectrum this was an idea that would only lead to destruction and a loss of economic security. In this poster, the Bolsheviks are shown as a marauding skeleton, setting the world on fire.
The American Octopus
Another octopus. In this poster by the French Socialist Party, it's representing American capitalism, which is seen 'colonizing' society. Its eyes are represented by dollar signs to suggest the US's supposed obsession with money, greed and materialism.
Capitalist Aliens
A more modern take on the anti-capitalist theme, this cartoon shows different forms of capitalism in the form of the alien creature from the 1979 film Alien.
Check out the rest of Economy Explores: Horror

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Nisei female, born in Los Angeles in 1918 to parents who operated a laundry with twenty employees. The family moved to Pasadena, California in 1922 for Eiko�s father�s health. He became a gardener with a vegetable stand. During the depression the family barely eked out a living. Father sold insurance and loaned money (which was uncollected) and mother took in laundry. Everyone worked; even little girls hung out laundry to dry and ironed sheets; the boys mowed lawns. On Saturdays the children went to a Japanese language school. The family had membership in a Japanese association from which members could borrow money. Eiko�s older sister went to Japan prior to WW II and did not return to the U.S. until 1957. Eiko experienced racism prior to WWII. In 1938 she was an attendance clerk in a high school office when she was fired by the principal because some parents complained about her being Japanese. It was a time when Nisei couldn�t find office work but she eventually got a civil service job with the Army Corps of Engineers. After December 7, 1941 the Japanese language school closed and an 8:00 p.m. curfew was imposed and black-out curtains were required. In May 1942, when Eiko was twenty-four, her family was sent to Tulare Assembly Center on trains with gas jets and soldiers with guns and bayonets accompanied evacuees. They were next sent to Gila River, Arizona where father died of cancer in 1944. Both brothers served in the U.S. Army. Eiko was offered a job with the American Friends Service Committee (Quakers) in Columbus, Ohio. Her mother and younger sister joined her in 1945. She married a Loomis resident in 1945 and they settled in Loomis, California which was rampantly racist. Her parents-in-law�s home was burned to the ground by an arsonist and local stores displayed �No Jap Trade Allowed� signs. When asked how things would be different in her life if there had been no WWII, Eiko feels the experience made her stronger to accept the ups and downs in her life. The concept of �Gaman� is basically that no matter how bad or unbearable a situation is, one must have the strength to persevere. To the question about the best contribution of Nisei, she responded that Mike Masaoka of the Japanese American Citizens League set us on the right track to accept internment by the government and show our loyalty, excel in what we do.
Transcript available at California State University, Sacramento University Library
North Central Valley Japanese American Citizens League
Mune-Craig, Thaya
Sakamoto, Eiko Yoshihashi


Schipper, Kristofer, ed.. Concordance du Tao-tsang. Titres des ouvrages. Paris: EFEO. Publications de l'EFEO, 102, 1975.
───,1998. "The Opposition of Celestial-Master Taoism to Popular Cults during the Six Dynasties." Asia Major, Third series, 11:1(1998), pp. 1-20.
───,1999. "Daoism and Political Rebellion during the Eastern Jin Dynsaty."Politics and Religion in Ancient and Medieval Eurpoe and China. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.
───,2005,〈唐前期道藏經目研究──以《南竺觀記》和敦煌道經為中心〉,Poul andersen and Florian C. Reiter edi., Scriptures, Schools and Forms of Practice in Daoism. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005, pp.185-214.
────,1969,〈道藏の成立〉,《東方學》第38號,頁49-57。"The Formation of the Taoist Canon," H. Welch and A. Seidel, eds. Facets of Taoism. New Hqven: Yale University Press, 1979, pp.253-267.


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Home Dads Divorce
Cordell & Cordell's Virtual Town Hall Highlights Dirty Tricks in Divorce
in Dads Divorce
Cordell & Cordell hosted its latest virtual town hall on Thursday, Sept. 17, covering the most common dirty tricks that are often used during divorce.
Cordell & Cordell CEO/Managing Partner Scott Trout hosted a panel of divorce attorneys from across the United States to review some of the tactics they've seen opposing parties utilize.
"I tell clients I think I've seen it all, and then all of a sudden something else comes in," Mr. Trout said.
Allegations of Child Abuse/Neglect and Drug/Alcohol Abuse
One of the most prevalent tricks is to bring up unfounded abuse allegations during a child custody case. Sacramento divorce attorney Jason P. Hopper says roughly half to two-thirds of the potential clients he meets with are facing some form of an abuse allegation.
"It's something that we see a lot of," Mr. Hopper said. "It's a very stigmatizing type of accusation where even if it is baseless and is ultimately dismissed, the fact that it is raised can really color the judge's opinion of the case and it something we want to be proactive with in defending against."
Limiting Custody & Contact
One of the most damaging tricks someone can pull during a divorce is limiting the access the other parent has with their children to gain an advantage in a custody case.
If there are allegations of abuse or neglect, it can be easy to gain a protective order that denies access to the children even if the allegations are completely fabricated. Once in place, those orders can essentially establish a status quo regarding custody that can be tough to undo.
"Judges don't like to take risks," Mr. Trout said, "and when you've got a status quo … judges don't want to deviate. If a child is doing well over those eight, nine, 10 months, what do you think they are going to do? They're going to take the easy road and say, 'Well, the amount of time he has under this order seems sufficient.'"
Hiding Income
Another common trick is to come up with ways to hide income during the divorce process. A spouse might quite her job just before filing so that she has no income to show and can argue for spousal support.
Albany divorce Asa Neff discussed a case where his client's wife was a nurse practitioner for 10 years before quitting and eventually asking for divorce. Since she had no income, she argued she needed alimony to support herself.
"All I would say is attorneys have a lot of things we can do to make sure courts aren't going to use zero as anybody's income," Mr. Neff said. "In that case, she was a licensed nurse and we were able to hire a vocational expert as to her earning capacity."
Racking Up Credit Card Debt
Dublin divorce attorney Melinda Johnson discussed how temporary restraining orders can be used to prevent another common trick: racking up credit card debt.
"These mutual restraining orders that are standard have some very specific language that prohibit either spouse from taking on a certain action such as increasing credit card debt of the other spouse," Ms. Johnson said.
It is clear there are many tricks that can be used during the divorce process, and if you do not have a knowledgeable attorney in your corner to help protect your rights you could end up being taken advantage of. Cordell & Cordell's divorce attorneys pride themselves on looking out for the best interests of men and fathers. If you are facing a divorce or child custody case, get in touch with Cordell & Cordell for a consultation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of ENERGY
Remotely Operated Vessel for Environmental Studies in Shallow Water Areas
Rafic Bachnak and Jack Esparza
Abstract: Data collection in shallow water areas presents several challenges to the scientist. In addition to being redundant and time consuming, this task when performed manually has a high probability of disturbing the test area. Obstacles that are encountered
in such environments include difficulty in covering large territories and the presence of inaccessible areas due to a variety of reasons, such as soft bottoms or contamination. There is also a high probability of disturbing the test area while placing the sensors. This
paper describes the development of a remotely-controlled, shallow draft vehicle designed as a supplemental tool for our studies of the South Texas Coastal waters. The system transmits environmental
A real-time monitoring and diagnostic procedure for electrical distribution networks
Francesco Muzi, Luigi Passacantando
Abstract: A monitoring and diagnostic approach based on the circuit theory is presented. The proposed procedure allows a continuous control of all network branch admittances, including conductances associated to insulation levels between phases and phase-to-ground. The detection of possible anomalies can be suitably used to activate proper protection or maintenance procedures. The monitoring process allows to prevent sudden, large-scale supply interruptions which might give rise to very serious problems in the operation of secondary networks. In addition, corrective maintenance of an electrical system can be usefully scheduled subdividing the network into different zones in order to achieve both considerable maintenance savings and remarkable quality improvements in distribution services. Finally, the possibility to promptly eliminate small anomalies can avoid more serious damages involving large network areas. An extensive simulation work was performed to test the proposed algorithm and results, mainly concerning the diagnosis of insulation between phases, are reported and discussed.
Power and Energy Characteristics of Continuous Waves / Pulsed CO2 Laser Application in CNG-DI Ignition
N. Mariun, N. Md. Saad, M. F. Abas, N. Khan and S. Abdullah
Abstract: This work was arranged to develop the scientific database and integrate the application of lasers in high voltage engineering. The design and experimental studies on continuous wave (CW) / repetitively pulsed CO2 laser was carried out in detail to determine the laser characteristics between various design parameters and the effect of varying one parameters on others. The thresholds and steady state input voltage and power across the laser tube are determined. The maximum and minimum output energy and power of the laser system are also presented as function of the pulse repetition rate and discharge current. The CO2 laser system was operated at 10.6 μm wavelengths range of infrared electromagnetic spectrum. This study is presented due to the wide applications of CO lasers in industry and for this project for compressed natural gases-direct injection (CNG-DI) ignition.
Economic Analysis of Geothermal Heat Source for Residential Area Project
S.Poberžnik, D. Goricanec, J. Krope
Abstract: The article discusses the economic analysis of heat source for residential area project. The energy source is geothermal energy. Every house has its own borehole heat exchanger (BHE) and heat pump in basement. In this system low temperature floor and wall heating was carried out. The economic analysis was performed as a pilot study for real system with all installation needed to run the system. The analysis has been done using the method of the net present value. In the research the coefficient of profitability and the period of time in which the investment is going to return itself were established. The system has been compared to the conventional system that uses fossil fuel (Liquidized naphtha gas- LNG) to heat the building and domestic hot water.
Voltage Deviation of Wind Power Generation due to Wind Velocity Change
J. Arai, R. Yokoyama, K. Iba, Y. Zhou, Y. Nakanishi
Abstract: The present paper treats an induction machine as a wind power generator, and voltage deviation due to wind velocity change is simulated by a dynamic stability calculation program. The ac bus voltage connected to the wind generator depends strongly on the wind velocity variation. The wind velocity, which is used for the simulation, was measured. The present paper shows that one-second sampling data of the wind velocity is needed for evaluation of voltage deviation.
Characterization of the Radial Structures for the Operation of a Real Medium Voltage Distribution System
Horia Andrei, Gianfranco Chicco, Mircea Popa, and Marius Silaghi
Abstract: Distribution system reconfiguration is based on searching for effective radial network structures from the weakly meshed structure of the physical network. For large distribution systems, this search is particularly challenging, due to the extremely high number of possible radial structures. This paper illustrates a suitable technique based on the creation of a reduced weakly meshed network containing the basic information required to apply further numerical techniques for identifying the radial network structures. The network components, including branches, loads and the connections to the supply system, are taken into account to form a layered structure. This layered structure can be used as a reference for identifying the most suitable radial configuration according to a specified objective function, by resorting to deterministic or heuristic methods. An example of application to a large real distribution system is shown.
Laminar mixed convection in the entrance region of horizontal quarter circle ducts
Yousef M. F. El. Hasadi
Abstract: Laminar mixed convection in the entrance region for horizontal quarter circular ducts with the curved wall on top has been investigated. The governing momentum and energy equations were solved numerically using a marching technique with finite control volume approach following the SIMPLER algorithm. Results were obtained for the thermal boundary conditions of uniform heat input axially and with uniform wall temperature circumferentially (H1 boundary condition) with Pr=0.7 and a wide range of Grashof numbers. These results include velocity, temperature distributions, at different axial locations, covering all aspects of flow, axial distribution of local Nusselt numbers and local friction factor. It was found that Nusselt numbers were close to the forced convection values near the entrance region and then decreasd to a minimum as the distance from the entrance increases and then rises due to the effect of free convection before reaching constant value (fully developed). As Grashof number increases Nusselt number and friction factor increases in both developing and fully developed regions and the location of the onset of the secondary flow moves upstream.
A Numerical Discretization Method for the Dynamic Simulation of a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger
Stefano Bracco, Ilka Faccioli, and Michele Troilo
Abstract: The present paper deals with both the steady-state and dynamic simulation of a double-pipe heat exchanger, in parallel-flow or counterflow arrangement. In particular, the article describes the thermodynamic model that has been implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment; the main hypotheses and physical parameters, which characterize the simulation model, are listed. The paper is focused on the discretization of the heat exchanger which has been divided into N cells, each modeled by means of the energy balance equation. It's important to point out that the model considers the storage of thermal energy in the metal parts and the method of discretization, that has been adopted, gives just acceptable results dividing the heat exchanger in a small number of cells. The paper shows some results of the steady-state simulation of a counterflow heat exchanger, as a function of the number of cells, and the effects of some typical transient operating conditions are described.
Renewable Energy Sources in Combined Systems – On-line System for Measuring and Collecting Data
Petr Mastny, Antonin Matousek, and Jan Machacek
Abstract: Research on the Department of Electrical Power Engineering FEEC, Brno University of Technology is among other things focused on the utilization of alternative power sources. The present situation within the field of power engineering positively encourages the research development of alternative power sources. Great attention is paid to increasing the efficiency and effectivity of power system operation. The paper presents results of the research in the field of alternative power sources utilization. It mainly points the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of alternative power sources operation by its mutual cooperation. Aspects of the cooperation are evaluated mainly from the energy point of view but the economic parameters of these systems are pointed as well. The paper also presents results of long-term measuring on active solar system connected into one unit together with a heat pump- the system has been installed in the university laboratories. The parameters of the measuring system that has been installed in the laboratories of the Department of Power Engineering are described as well. The research proved that new approach to the cooperation of heat pump and solar system working in common power unit results in higher heating factor of a heat pump and high efficiency of a solar system which finally decreases prime energy demand.
Energy Conservation Opportunities: Cement Industry in Iran
Akram Avami, Sourena Sattari
Abstract: Growing concerns arise about energy consumption and its adverse environmental impact in recent years in Iran in which cause manufactures to establish energy management groups. Cement production has been one of the most energy intensive industries in the world. Focusing on energy consumption reduction efforts through process improvement, production management and introducing new technologies can achieve significant results. This study, based on conducting on-site energy audits of over 30 cement firms in Iran during 2004–2005, discovered the following energy-saving potentials: electricity savings of 223.5*106 KWh equivalent to 11.3M$, fuel oil savings of 168*106 Lit equivalent to 39.4M$ in FOB prices. The present paper will study the energy consumption in cement industry in Iran through real auditing and identify technological opportunities in order to decrease energy consumption of the relevant factories, increase the productivity, and improve the production process. Relevant standards planned by government that can provide significant potentials, are discussed too.
A dynamically SVC based compact control algorithm for load balancing in distribution systems
A. Kazemi, A. Moradi Koochi and R. Rezaeipour
Abstract: An algorithm for applying a fixed capacitor-thyristorcontrolled reactor (FC-TCR) type of static var compensator (SVC) for dynamically balancing a system is introduced. With a developed individual phase control scheme, an SVC can reduce negativesequence current caused by the load to improve system balancing. In addition, the power factor can be improved simultaneously by selecting an appropriate amount of capacitive/inductive compensation. A compact control algorithm for reactive power compensation and load balancing with the static var compensator (SVC) in three-phase systems is used in this paper. Each phase susceptance of the SVC can be obtained from a very simple function of voltage and power signals which are measured by a three-phase voltage transducer and two single-phase active and reactive power (P-Q) transducers at the load bus. The calculation of compensation susceptances is based on the criterion of a unity power factor and zero sequence currents after compensation. This Method is simulated on the IEEE 13 node system balancing and total harmonic distortion (THD) is studied in unbalanced load node and Substation bus and results is presented.
Optimization of Renewable Energy Hybrid System by Minimizing Excess Capacity
Juhari Ab. Razak, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Yusoff Ali
Abstract: Optimization of renewable energy hybrid system looks into the process of selecting the best components and its sizing with appropriate operation strategy to provide cheap efficient, reliable and cost effective. The technoeconomic analysis usually looks at the cheapest cost of energy produced by of system components while neglecting the excess capacity of the combination. This paper discusses the optimization of the hybrid system in context of minimizing the excess energy and cost of energy. The hybrid of pico hydro, solar, wind and generator and battery as back-up is the basis of assessment. The system configuration of the hybrid is derived based on a theoretical domestic load at a remote location and local solar radiation, wind and water flow rate data. Three demand loads are used in the simulation using HOMER to find the optimum combination and sizing of components. Another set of demand loads is used to investigate the effect of reducing the demand load against the dominant power provider of the system. The results show that the cost of energy can be reduced to about 50% if the demand load is increased to the maximum capacity. Reducing the load to the capacity of the dominant power provider will reduce the cost of energy by 90%.
Solar Absorption Refrigeration System Using New Working Fluid Pairs
Jasim M. Abdulateef, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, M. A. Alghoul, Mohd Yusof Sulaiman, Azami Zaharim and Ibrahim Ahmad
Abstract: Absorption refrigeration systems powered by solar energy increasingly attract research interests in the last years. In this study, thermodynamic analyses for different working fluid pairs are performed. A computer simulation model has been developed to predict the performance of solar absorption refrigeration system using different working fluid. The model is based on detailed mass and energy balance and heat and mass transfer for the cycle component. Detailed thermodynamic properties for ammonia- water, ammonia-lithium nitrate and ammonia-sodium thiocyanate are expressed in polynomial equations and used in cycle simulation. The performances of these three cycles against various generator, evaporator, and condenser temperatures are compared. The results show that the ammonia-lithium nitrate and ammonia-sodium thiocyanate cycles give better performance than the ammonia-water cycle. The ammonia-sodium thiocyanate cycle cannot operate at evaporator temperatures below -10°C for the possibility of crystallization. Increasing condenser temperatures cause a decrease in system performance for each cycle. With the increase in evaporator temperature, the COP values for each cycle increase. These results can serve as a source of reference for developing new cycles and searching for new working fluids pairs. They can also be used in selecting operating conditions for existing systems and achieving automatic control for maintain optimum operation of the system.
Evaluation Of 1d And 2d Texturing Of Monocrystalline Solar Cell
F. Jahanshah, K. Sopian, I. Ahmad, M. Y. Othman, Azami Zaharim, S. H. Zaidi
Abstract: The performance of solar cell with periodic surface texture pattern was reported. One and two dimensions texturing with the nitride antireflection coating were compared. An I-V tester calibrated by Sandia National Laboratories was used. A 2 cm2 bare monocrystalline silicon solar cell was chosen for comparison. 2D surface texturing showed the best output with maximum short current 0.050 mA. A meteoritic 3D microscope was used to check the textured surface as a non distractive test (NDT).
Parametric Analysis Of Multipurpose Solar Adsorption System- Cooling And Heating
M. A. Alghoul, M.Y.Sulaiman, K.Sopian, B.Z. Azmi, M. Abd. Wahab and A. Zaharim
Abstract: A computer simulation program in visual basic was developed to guide in the design of a multipurpose solar continuous adsorption system and predict its applicability under various operating conditions for specific applications with sufficient accuracy is described. Malaysian activated carbons and methanol are used as the adsorbent-adsorbate pair. The most preferable way to popularize such multipurpose solar system in acceptable efficiency, size and cost is based on using efficient activated carbon and heat-sheet collectors as can be shown in the analysis.
Heat and Mass Transfer for a Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow along a Surface Embedded in a Porous Medium with Uniform Wall Heat and Mass Fluxes and Heat Generation or Absorption
Ali J. Chamkha
Abstract: The problem of steady, laminar, double-diffusive mixed convective flow of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid past a vertical semi-infinite permeable surface embedded in a porous medium with uniform heat and mass fluxes in the presence of heat generation or absorption effects. A mixed convection parameter for the entire range of free-forced-mixed convection is employed and a set of non-similar equations are obtained. These equations are solved numerically by an efficient implicit, iterative, finite-difference method. The obtained results are checked against previously published work for special cases of the problem and are found to be in good agreement. A parametric study illustrating the influence of the concentration to thermal buoyancy ratio, power-law fluid viscosity index, mixed convection parameter, suction or injection parameter, dimensionless heat generation or absorption parameter and the Lewis number on the local Nusselt and the Sherwood numbers is conducted. The obtained results are shown graphically and the physical aspects of the problem are discussed.
Application of Neural Network to the Cogeneration System by Using Coal
Y. Ozel, I. Guney, and E. Arca
Abstract: Thermodynamic analysis of power plants that generate electricity with the use of coal requires quite a complex and sophisticated mathematical model. In this study relationships between electricity produced in power plant and properties of coal used in cogeneration systems was investigated by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with backpropagation learning method. In this method two types of ANN models; single and multi-layer model were used and training with the multi-layer model gave us better result (R2=0,954) than the single layer model which is quite represent the system. The proposed method in this paper does not require complicated calculation and mathematical model with only use coal data.
Use of PQV Surface as a Tool for Comparing the Effects of FACTS Devices on Static Voltage Stability
Ali Zare, Ahad Kazemi
Abstract: PV or QV curves are commonly used to determine static voltage stability margin of a power system. Using PV or QV curves has its own advantages, disadvantages and limitations. In this paper, a novel method based on a surface in active power, reactive power and voltage (PQV) space is proposed; and PQV surface has been used for a comprehensive comparison of series and shunt FACTS devices for enhancing static voltage stability. Using this method can show a perfect image of the effects of FACTS devices on voltage stability. By using Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT), on the 6-bus test system and the IEEE 14-bus test system, the optimal locations of these controllers are determined. Some of the results obtained by the proposed method are compared with the results obtained by the computation of maximum loading point method. The results of the proposed method are more reasonable
Voltage and Current Harmonic Variations in Three-phase Induction Motors with Different Stator Coil Pitches
Yasar Birbir, H. Selcuk Nogay
Abstract: In this study, firstly a sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) inverter feeding five different chorded three-phase induction motors were tested for low-order odd harmonic voltage component and efficiency at different loads. Secondly the motors fed by sine voltage again were tested for low – order odd harmonic voltage and current component and efficiency at different loads. In both two situations; total harmonic distortion (THD) due to 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th harmonics were less in a motor with (1-7) 120o coil pitch at over load. Particular harmonic order for each coil pitch was suppressed and the increasing quantity of efficiency in a motor with (1-6)1000 coil pitch was increased by 4, 92 % fed by PWM and 8, 86 % fed by sine voltage. The full pitch motor with (1-10) 180o coil pitch has more harmonics than other motors.


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Lebanon calls in consulting firm McKinsey to revamp its economy
29 January 2018 Consultancy-me.com 3 min. read
Lebanon is hiring management consulting firm McKinsey & Company as the nation bids to restructure its economy. As is the case for the majority of Middle Eastern economies, Lebanon has, until recently, been dependent on one or two areas of strength. In the case of Lebanon, this took shape as a dependency on remittances and banking – something which has left the country in the midst of a debt crisis.
With at least three times as many Lebanese living abroad than in Lebanon, the country's economy is for a large part sustained by remittances which have continued to flow in, particularly from (high-ranked) Lebanese nationals in Gulf and African countries. Banks have used this money to buy government debt, but this now stands at 150% of economic output according to the Lebanese Government, one of the world's highest ratios alongside Japan and the beleaguered economy of Greece. Lebanon's trade deficit meanwhile hit $11.8 billion in Q4 last year, with exports of $2.1 billion lagging behind a heavy reliance on imports at $13.9 billion.
With foreign reserves standing at a record level of $43 billion, the Lebanese currency has been able to survive numerous domestic political storms, including several which have been dealt with without a President or Prime Minister – Lebanon had not set a domestic budget for 12 years until parliament passed one last year. However, the influx of 1.5 million Syrian refugees since 2011 has seen the sustainability of this model strained. The Economy and Trade Minister contended that this could see Lebanon's debt-to-GDP ratio climb even higher, to 170%, in the next few years. Analysts are suggesting Lebanon should aspire to emulate the economy of Singapore, another small country with many ethnic groups.
Moreover, the country – known as the Paris of the Middle East – grapples with high unemployment (despite its population across the board being relatively highly educated), with youth unemployment over 35% in the last figures available.
In a bid to help Lebanon advance its economy, Economy and Trade Minister Raed Khoury has confirmed that US consulting giant McKinsey & Company has been drafted in to support the development of a strategic economic roadmap, with the aim of bringing the country back to its flourishing times last seen in the mid 2000s. Meanwhile, back in the 50s, Lebanon was in terms of GDP per capita one of the globe's top five nations, among the likes of the Americans and the Swiss.
A "tricky" prospect
The six-month agreement with the Arab world's most indebted nation will see McKinsey start work with various ministries and economic bodies to formulate a new economic vision. According to Khoury, a former Barclays Wealth banker and founder of Cedrus Invest Bank; "The first thing we want to do is to identify our economic identity and then go to more specific things."
In order to deliver this, McKinsey will first need to analyse and quantify various areas, including services, financial flows and parallel economies, such as the one controlled by the Iranian-backed Hezbollah group; something which David Butter, an associate fellow at Chatham House, believes is easier said than done. The London-based expert at the Royal Institute for International Affairs said such strategic plans "might not do any harm, but in the case of Lebanon it's a bit more tricky… [This is because] you have a lot of grey areas which might be difficult to put into the context of some sort of a strategic plan."
McKinsey are also involved in the high-profile revamping of the Saudi Arabian economy. The Kingdom, which is likewise plagued by youth unemployment over the 30% threshold, had been making drastic efforts to restructure its previously oil-dependent economic model. McKinsey has since been tasked by the Saudi monarchy with assisting in the implementation of this restructuring, with the Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's Vision 2030 aiming to boost the private sector and reduce unemployment.
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Data and Research October 23, 2017
Women Are Substantially Behind Men in Growing Lifetime Wealth, UBS Says
The difference owes to the pay gap between men and women, the tendency of many women to take a career break to raise or care for family, and women's longer life expectancy.
Women are projected to have significantly less wealth than men in their lifetime, UBS says in its report "Taking Action: How women can best protect and grow their wealth."
The reasons for the disparity are varied, though not unexpected. For one, a 21% pay gap exists between men and women; additionally, women tend to leave the work force to raise or care for family, and to live longer, UBS says. In the U.S., women are projected to live 6.7 years more than men. Women are also more likely to work part time, and they tend to invest more conservatively, UBS says.
However, the firm says, if women invest in a disciplined way and take the appropriate level of risk, they can be better prepared for retirement. Women are more likely to remain invested in the markets than men and less likely to try to time the market, UBS says.
The firm moreover says that women want to invest in companies that "have a meaning and purpose for them. They are also more inclined to invest in businesses with diverse leadership."
« Technological Integration Simplifies Distribution Workflow


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Stock fund
A stock fund or equity fund is a fund that invests in stocks, also called equity securities. Stock funds can be contrasted with bond funds and money funds. Fund assets are typically mainly in stock, with some amount of cash, which is generally quite small, as opposed to bonds, notes, or other securities. This may be a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund. The objective of an equity fund is long-term growth through capital gains, although historically dividends have also been an important source of total return. Specific equity funds may focus on a certain sector of the market or may be geared toward a certain level of risk.
Stock funds can be distinguished by several properties. Funds may have a specific style, for example, value or growth. Funds may invest in solely the securities from one country, or from many countries. Funds may focus on some size of company, that is, small-cap, large-cap, et cetera. Funds which involve some component of stock picking are said to be actively managed, whereas index funds try as well as possible to mirror specific stock market indices.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Stock_fund
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Review: Neither Here Nor There by Cat Rambo
"Whose castle is this?" Marcus asked.
"The Sorceress Alyx," the guard said.
It all made sense now. She had magically summoned him, that was why he had left his wife and come to her. She had glimpsed him, in a scrying mirror or crystal ball, and decided that he would be hers. He would rule in the castle by her side, and see to setting things right. Women had little idea how to govern, and she had probably realised she needed help.
But when Marcus said he had come to see the Sorceress, the guard only laughed, although not in an unkindly way, and said that Marcus might sleep that night in the kitchens, warm and fed, but that the Sorceress held no audiences." ~Cat Rambo, Pippa's Smiles.
Neither Here Nor There is the latest short story collection by the award winning fantasy author Cat Rambo. This book is two anthologies in one. Neither Here is a collection of fantasy stories set in different worlds (such as the fantastic city of Serendib, which is made up entirely of pieces of other places), whereas Nor There is a set of stories set in an alternate version of our own world, mainly steampunk, clockpunk and dieselpunk. Each story is followed by notes from the author explaining where the story came from (whether it had been previously published, why it was written etc.) and how it fits in with her other stories. Both collections feature a satisfying number of wonderful female heroes, from decorated generals, to Pinkerton agents. Some of the stories included were;
Neither Here: Love, Resurrected; The Toad's Jewel; Pippa's Smiles; Karaluvian Fale; The Subtler Art; The Mage's Gift; How Dogs Came to the New Continent; Love's Footsteps; To Read the Sea; A Brooch of Bone, A Hint of Tooth; Call and Answer, Plant and Harvest. Nor There: Clockwork Fairies; Her Windowed Eyes, Her Chambered Heart; The Coffeemaker's Passion; Elections at Villa Encantada; Seven Clock Angels, All Dancing on a Pin; Coyote Barbie; The Wizards of West Seattle; Summer Night in Durham; Web of Blood and Iron; So Glad We Had This Time Together; Snakes on a Train; The Passing of Grandmother's Quilt.
Love Resurrected
This story was previously been published in the excellent zombie story anthology Zombies: More Recent Dead edited by Paula Guran. It's told from the perspective of a general in the army of a the sorceror Balthus, who would normally be the villain in fantasy novel. General Aife Crofadottir is recruited by Balthus after his army kills the queen she had sworn to protect, and proves so useful to Balthus's cause that he uses necromancy to allow her to continue to serve him even after her death. It's an odd story of survival and shifting loyalties.
The Toad's Jewel
A toad dwelling in the swamp on the border of Faerie becomes changed by the ambient magic and begins to think complex abstract thoughts. This attracts the attention of a wizard, who collects the toad and a pair of mist sylphs to take back to his home and use as spell components. This was a fun, quirky little story with a satisfying ending.
Pippa's Smiles
A young man named Marcus leaves his wife, Pippa, whose devotion he finds smothering, to wander the world. This is one of the most overtly feminist tales in the collection. Marcus encounters various powerful women on his journey but remains under the delusion that he is the hero of story when he is actually irrelevant.
Karaluvian Fale
Lady Kara hides her intelligence behind a veil of vapid frivolity while trying to maintain the facade that her once rich family has fallen on hard times. I enjoyed the courtly intrigue in this one.
How Dogs Came to the New Continent
The story of a young man and his adopted shapeshifter brother is disguised as a history of the settlement of the New Continent. It imitates the style of stories of early European explorers in the Americas, but the place is full of strange creatures and sights like a floating city, hives of fairies and sentient cacti. I really liked the way it immersed you in the world. It's linked to the second novel in Cat Rambo's Tabat Quartet, Hearts of Tabat.
Love's Footsteps
The wizard Moulder removes his heart from his body as part of enchantment to make himself immortal, but in doing so loses the ability to feel. He and his faithful servant, Small, go on a quest to find something to make him feel something, anything again. It's a sweet love story, and while you can tell early on where it's going, it's enjoying following along as it gets there.
To Read the Sea
An oracle can read a person's future by examining an object found washed up on the sea shore. This short fairy tale reminded me of Angela Slatter's collection of modern fairy stories, A Feast of Sorrows. It's dark and satisfying.
A Brooch of Bone, A Hint of Tooth.
A young princess grows up in the castle, doted on by her father, the king, and menaced by his advisor, who hopes to be declared the king's heir in her place. It's very creepy, and masterful in its use of misdirection.
Call and Answer, Plant and Harvest
Cathay the chaos mage accidentally wanders into the city of Serendib, where she creates a home for herself and lives for many years. A mysterious woman appears and tempts her to gamble three times in different bizarre ways for increasingly high stakes. Several stories in the collection are set in the city of Serendib, which is comprised of pieces of thousands of other cities in different worlds. This is my favourite of the Serendib stories, mainly because I have a soft spot for tales of chaos magic. I loved the imagery of living on a street on the border between the water and fire districts, with sheets of steam constantly rising and hissing.
Clockwork Fairies
Claude, a respectable Oxford dean, wants to marry Desiree Southland, the brilliant "mulatto" inventor of, among other things, tiny flying clockwork fairies. Desiree's father disapproves of the match because he considers Claude too dull for his clever, unconventional daughter and does not believe Claude really loves her. A rival appears on the scene if the form of a Scottish lord who promises to show Desiree real fairies.
This story is a perfect blend of Austen style romance and a comedy of manners, with the steampunk elements seamlessly woven in. Cat Rambo commented in the afterword that she had found during her editing work that she was "seeing the steampunk genre emerge as a very white, very middle-class phenomenon that managed to ignore a great many implications of the word "punk"". She wanted to write a story which incorporated the punk concept of questioning the established order (it touches on the theory of evolution, women's suffrage and issues of race and class). It contained a person of colour, but not as the main character. Making the unlikeable Claude, so much a product of his time, the narrator instead was an interesting authorial choice which seems to have paid off.
Her Windowed Eyes, Her Chambered Heart.
I love the evocative title of this one. It's the story of two Pinkerton agents, one a woman and the other an autonomous mechanical man animated using a coveted rare mineral called phlogiston. It's Cat Rambo's homage to the old steampunk TV show, The Wild Wild West (not to be confused with the 1999 film loosely based on the show). There is another story in the collection (Snakes on a Train) featuring the same characters.
Elections at Villa Encantada
This fun little story is about the body corporate elections at a villa inhabited by a variety of magical creatures, including a goddess of justice (the narrator), Rumplestiltskin, whom the inhabitants have enslaved as their groundsman, dryands, ghosts and a collection of sentient talking cacti (Bombast, Furor, Humblepie, Obscuro, Smarmy, Weasel, Johnny Nonsense, Earnest, Hairyfoot, Splainer and Old Dignity- I love the nicknames!). Cat Rambo wrote several stories about the Villa Encantada, loosely based on her observations of neighbourhood politics in the actual villa where she lived, but stopped writing them when the nastiness and gossip that went on actually pushed one of the inhabitants to suicide.
The Wizards of West Seattle
This urban fantasy story is part of a series about wizards living in Seattle, which is ruled by shapeshifting dragons who walk unnoticed among humans. I enjoyed the way the rules of the world slowly unfold as the poor apprentice in this story struggles to figure things out before he loses his position as apprentice or something eats him alive.
Summer Night in Durham
The story of a tattooist dealing with a dumb customer (in this case a vampire) who wouldn't listen to her expert advice. I liked this one a lot, for the subtle forshadowing and gratifying ending.
Web of Blood and Iron
This is another tale set in the same world as Her Windowed Eyes, Her Chambered Heart and Clockwork Fairies, though instead of America this one is set in Europe where the vampires are on the brink of taking over and enslaving humanity. It's a little like Jeeves and Wooster if Jeeves were a gnome and Wooster a werewolf. Only the Wooster character isn't quite so foppish and silly, he uses that image to hide a core of steel. Unfortunately in his daring and heroics in trying to find and rescue his missing girlfriend a journalist who disappeared after asking too many questions about vampires, he is oblivious to the effects his actions have on his faithful servant and all the rest of the 'little people'. Like Clockwork Fairies it mixes considerations of class with fantasy, but here there is also the looming horror of impending war.
So Glad We Had this Time Together
This one is set in modern America and is a darkly funny tale about reality television. Unreality TV features supernatural creatures such as a vampire, a werewolf and a medium living in the Winchester Mystery House. While the existence of the supernatural is generally known in the world of the story this is the first time someone had put supernatural beings on TV. It turns out there was a reason for that.
The Passing of Grandmother's Quilt
This is a beautiful little piece of flash fiction about keepsakes and loss.
Neither Here Nor There is a collection that will keep you going for a while with so many stories, which are quite diverse in tone and subject matter. It will probably appeal most to fans of steampunk, but if you find steampunk annoys you some of these stories may be the exception since they seem to tap into themes that many other authors miss. A couple of the stories are overtly feminist, and others more subtly so. Overall I found it a very enjoyable anthology, well worth the time it takes to read.
Disclaimer: I received a complimentary copy of this book from Hydra House via Netgalley in exchange for an honest review.
Published: December 15 2017
Rated: ★ ★ ★ ★☆
#fantasy #shortstory #anthology #steampunk #urbanfantasy #dragons #fiction


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Tavares excited to play with Grabner
by John Kreiser
UNIONDALE, N.Y. – John Tavares knows he'd better get his legs going early tonight.
With the New York Islanders mired in a six-game losing streak and having scored a League-low 18 goals in 11 games, coach Jack Capuano reshuffled his lines for Saturday night against the Washington Capitals. For Tavares, who has scored seven of New York's goals and assisted on four others, it means replacing right wing PA Parenteau with Michael Grabner.
Not only did Grabner score 34 goals as a rookie last season, but he also won the fastest skater competition at All-Star Weekend in January.
The third-year center is looking forward to playing with Grabner and regular linemate Matt Moulson in the reshuffled pairings.
"I think it will be good – a little bit of a different mindset," Tavares said Saturday morning. "As much as we've been getting opportunities, we haven't been getting results. Sometimes you just need a different look, a clean slate, a different mindset to breed some confidence and excitement into everybody."
With the Isles having been blanked in two of their last three games and scoring just seven goals during the six-game slide, Tavares said the Islanders have to look at the shuffle in a positive light.
"You have to take it that way," he said. "We've been playing pretty well – although it's easy to say you're playing well when you're not winning. We've been creating a lot of opportunities; we just haven't been able to find the net. Hopefully some new chemistry, some new looks will bring some of the success and results we're looking for."
Having Grabner instead of Parenteau will mean some changes for Tavares.
"It is a little bit [different]," he said. "You have guys who do things differently and play different styles. It's not really going to change my game, but for sure it will be a little different.
"I'm looking forward to playing with [Grabner]. It should be fun."
There hasn't been a lot of fun on Long Island for the past three weeks – the Isles haven't won since beating the Rangers 4-2 on Oct. 15. Tavares said the Islanders need to go back to what they were doing in the early stages of the season, which saw them win three in a row before the current slump.
"I think sometimes when you're trying to make the perfect play or the perfect shot, that starts putting you in trouble," he told NHL.com. "You're not going to get those opportunities every night. A lot of the goals you see on the highlights come from just putting pucks on the net and maybe you get a loose rebound or it goes off a skate and in – and that can get you going.
"Then everything comes more easily. You play more simple and you do the right thing. People say 'you're working too hard,' but I feel it's more like you're trying to complicate things more than you should. You need to keep it simple and do the little things that will start to build your confidence and breed success."


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Hall of Fame Submit your proposal
Winter 2021 challenge: winner
Ensamble Methods to Discover Putative Multi-Target Anti-Alzheimer Agents
Guilherme Martins Silva, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
To begin with, I'd like to express my gratitude to BioSolveIT. Participating of this 12-month scientific challenge has been remarkable and allowed me to conduct my own proposal with independence and responsibility. Importantly, this work was only possible in view of the great speed, quality and elegance of BioSolveIT's software. My proposal was related to my PhD theme, however directed to performing a multi-target (MT) virtual screening (VS) for Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is clear that AD represents a severe problem to current society that has not an effective treatment available yet. Also, AD shows a multi factorial nature and there are several validated targets associated with its pathological patterns. MTVS has thus become a promising trend in CADD. Despite its attractiveness, so far this approach hasn't resulted in the approval of effective drugs. Therefore, we developed a MTVS study including different methodologies and consensus approaches to discover novel AD drug. Initial screening was caried out using FTrees considering 8 known AD drugs as queries to build a small library out from the billionaire REAL chemical space. From this library, we only kept molecules with favorable ADME properties and CNS-like profiles, as predicted by QikProp and our in-house machine learning (ML) QSPR model. Reminiscent molecules were predicted by robust ML QSAR models with regard to their potential to act, simultaneously, as inhibitors of 4 AD-targets. To build each model we compiled large publicly available datasets of inhibitors of the corresponding targets: AChE, NMDA, GSK-3β and γ-secretase. QSAR models were developed using Random Forest and showed the respective CCR: 84, 92, 78 and 75%. Application of such QSAR models in MTVS furnished us 39 compounds with enriched structural diversity. In sequence, these compounds were submitted to docking studies, considering a consensus analysis of scores obtained by 3 different software: FlexX, Glide, and GOLD. We used the targets of AChE, D-amino acid oxidase, GSK-3β, and β-secretase. All targets were extracted from the PDB, previously prepared, and validated by redocking in each software. Compounds were prioritized considering their median rank of scores obtained by each software and inspection of their pose's superposition. We thus selected 10 compounds as promising hits able to act as multi-target anti-AD agents. Recently, we found out that MT drugs are more likely to be successful when designed to a small number (≥2) of related-targets. Therefore, we are now applying ROBOKOP to elucidate drug–target–disease correlations and prioritize 2 related-targets and respective hits. These will be submitted to MD studies and biological evaluation. Naturally we intend to publish this work elsewhere whenever possible.
After 1 year, Guilherme has achieved the following goals:
Chemical space exploration and compilation of AD-like library. An intense review of the literature has been done. Publicly available content spanning from articles to specific data related to AD and its targets has been gathered and inspected. This allowed us to, initially, select 8 representative AD drugs: donepezil, dihydroergocristine, galantamine, huperzine, memantine, rivastigmine, tacrine, and tideglusib. These were used as queries to perform similarity search in FTrees-infiniSee, using REAL Space (>23 billion molecules) and the following settings: target similarity 0.90, minimum similarity 0.60, and total diversity 0.90. For each drug, 100 compounds were retrieved, totaling a library of 800 AD-like compounds. We emphasize that such library has a great value, also for future applications, as it represents a reduced chemical space of molecules with similar physicochemical properties but different scaffolds from known anti-AD agents.
Development and application of ML QSAR models. We build 4 ML QSAR models for the targets: AChE, NMDA, GSK-3β and γ-secretase. For each one of them, we compiled the largest publicly available datasets of inhibitors of the corresponding targets from ChEMBL. Data curation from such datasets was conducted by cleaning biological assays, structure validation and normalization, and deletion of duplicates. QSAR models were developed in KNIME using Random Forest and Morgan fingerprints. Moreover, they were validated following the best practices proposed by OECD, employing a 5-fold external cross-validation, performing Y-randomization, and considering respective applicability domains. The respective 4 QSAR models have shown correct classification rates (CCR) of 84, 92, 78 and 75%. These were applied in the MTVS campaign to filter out only those molecules with potential to act, simultaneously, as inhibitors of 4 AD-targets.
Docking studies to elucidate interactions and prioritize hits as potential MT anti-AD agents. 3 methodologies/software has been used to conduct docking studies: FlexX-SeeSAR, Glide (Schrodinger), and GOLD (CCDC). We tried to keep the same targets used in QSAR studies, however for both NMDA and γ-secretase, no PDB complexes were available. Thus, we used their corelated enzymes D-amino acid oxidase and β-secretase, respectively; in addition to AChE and GSK-3β. All targets were previously validated by redocking, in each software. To prioritize hits in the MTVS campaign, we considered the median rank of scores obtained by each docking software. Furthermore, we inspected their corresponding congruence of poses and interactions, e.g., Hit 1 showed a great overlap of poses obtained by 3 software at AChE binding site and kept important interactions, similar to the respective native ligand. Hence, we selected 10 compounds as promising hits able to act as multi-target anti-AD agents.


If a painting could talk, what would it tell you? From the beginning of time, art has been created to express ideas and emotions. This exhibit will represent a variety of images, each depicting a unique story to tell.


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Q: Problem with: if $V$ is subspace of $\mathbb{R}^1$ and $\vec v \in V$ is nonzero, then any vector $\vec x \in \mathbb{R}^1$ can be written $k \vec v$ I was attempting to show that the only nonzero subspace of $\mathbb{R}^1$ is $\mathbb{R}^1$ itself, and someone told me that it can be proven showing how if a subspace $V \in \mathbb{R}^1$ has a subspace $\text{span}(\vec v)$, then any $\vec x \in \mathbb{R}^1$ can be written $c\vec v$ if $c = \frac{x_1}{v_1}$, where $x_1, v_1$ are the first and only components of $\vec v, \vec x$.
First: how come $c\vec v$ (where  $c = \frac{x_1}{v_1}$) is defined if we have not yet established that $\vec v$ and $\vec x$ pertain to the same subspace? Couldn't these component vectors have distinct bases?
Second: it might sound like an odd question, but if any $\vec x$ can be written as $c\vec v$, how do we know it will have such a form? Isn't this statement too weak to complete the proof?

A:
First: how come $c\vec v$ (where  $c = \frac{x_1}{v_1}$) is defined if we have not yet established that $\vec c$ and $\vec x$ pertain to the same subspace? Couldn't these component vectors have distinct bases?

Since $V \subseteq \mathbb R^1$, we can just treat both $\vec v$ and $\vec x$ as vectors in $\mathbb R^1$. In fact, for the proof, we don't have to think about subspaces or bases at all - they're red herrings that don't really add any value.

Second: it might sound like an odd question, but if any $\vec x$ can be written as $c\vec v$, how do we know it will have such a form? Isn't this statement too weak to complete the proof?

I don't know what distinction you're trying to make here. A given expression can have multiples forms (for example, I can express "$1$" in many forms: as "$7 - 6$", as "$\sin^2 \theta + \cos^2\theta$", or as "$-e^{i\pi}$"). I can express $1$ as $7 - 6$, and this also means that it will always have such a form.

A: Figured out what was up:
To put in other words what my original problem with the proof was: it seemed to me to be circular: if we define $\vec x$ in terms of $\vec v$, are we not assuming what we need to prove? For this would only be possible if they were, at the beginning of the proof, in the same subspace, but whether or not they are in the same subspace is precisely what is in question.
The reason the proof works is: indeed, $\vec v$ and $\vec x$ do not pertain to the same subspace at the beginning of the proof, but we are not defining them in terms of one another. $c$ is the piece that allows us to go from $\vec v$ to $\vec x$.
So, suppose we begin the proof with $\vec v \in V$ and $\vec x \in \mathbb{R}^1$ and say that they pertain to vector spaces over the field $\mathbb{R}$ (if $V$ is a subspace of $\mathbb{R}^1$, then it follows from the definition of a subspace that $V$ is a vector space over $\mathbb{R}$). The first thing we do is declare some constant $c = \frac{x_1}{v_1}$. This is fine because $x_1$ and $v_1$ are scalars and not vectors, and rigorously speaking, this operation happens only within the field $\mathbb{R}$ and we are not assuming any shared subspace between $\vec v$ and $\vec x$. Now:
$$ c\vec v = [cv_1] $$
$$ = [\frac{x_1}{v_1} v_1] $$
$$ = [x_1] $$
$$ = \vec x.  \ \ \square.$$
In other words, in order to prevent circularity, one must declare $c$ and go from $\vec v$ to $\vec x$ before declaring that any $\vec x$ can be written as $c\vec v$.
It would be, however, incorrect to take $\vec v$ and $\vec x$ to be in the field $\mathbb{R}$: they indeed behave very similarly to elements of $\mathbb{R}$, but rigorously speaking they belong to the vector space $\mathbb{R}^1$. Division (or multiplication) of the components of two vectors in not defined in a subspace, but only in a field, and this is a required operation in order to perform the proof. And we cannot do the whole proof only within a field, because we need $c\vec v$, which is only defined in a vector space. Supposing we ignore the vector form and perform the proof only within a field, we have not proven our proof holds for vectors or subspaces, even if they seem to behave similarly.
This was implicitly going on in the proof and is perhaps obvious to some more experienced, but it was non-trivial to me unless I put it in the above format.

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Help support Gabriel Manor as we raise funds to support the Dementia Alliance of North Carolina (formerly Alzheimer's NC) for the Johnston County Walk! Plats will be $10.00 and all proceeds will benefit & support caregivers and families in NC affected by dementia. For more information please call 919-703-7368.


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Capital City: Urban Planners in the Real Estate State Paperback
By Samuel Stein
2 copies in stock
jacobin series
"This superbly succinct and incisive book couldn't be more timely or urgent."
- Michael Sorkin, author of All Over the Map
Our cities are changing. Around the world, more and more money is being invested in buildings and land. Real estate is now a $217 trillion dollar industry, worth thirty-six times the value of all the gold ever mined. It forms sixty percent of global assets, and one of the most powerful people in the world--the president of the United States--made his name as a landlord and developer.
Samuel Stein shows that this explosive transformation of urban life and politics has been driven not only by the tastes of wealthy newcomers, but by the state-driven process of urban planning. Planning agencies provide a unique window into the ways the state uses and is used by capital, and the means by which urban renovations are translated into rising real estate values and rising rents.
Capital City explains the role of planners in the real estate state, as well as the remarkable power of planning to reclaim urban life.
Verso (3/12/19)
Red State Revolt: How the Teacher Rebellions Can Revive Labor and the Left
By Eric Blanc
Building the Commune: Radical Democracy in Venezuela
By George Ciccariello-Maher
The New Prophets of Capital
By Nicole Aschoff
The People's Republic of Wal-Mart: How the World's Biggest Corporations Are Laying the Foundation for Socialism
By Leigh Phillips


3 August. Arrive in Jeddah. Coach journey to Makkah.
The hotel offers 3-star accommodation and is 400 metres away from Al-Masjid Al-Haram, opposite the King's Palace. The hotel has a restaurant and rooms are air conditioned. Free wifi is available at the lobby.


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De Album 100 is een jaarlijkse lijst van de beste albums aller tijden en wordt uitgezonden op Studio Brussel rond Hemelvaartsdag.

Album 100 van...

1998

1999

2000

2001

2003
De Album 100 van 2003 werd uitgezonden op 27 maart 2003.

2004
De Album 100 van 2004 werd uitgezonden op 20 maart 2004.

2005
De Album 100 van 2005 werd uitgezonden op 5 mei 2005.

2006
De Album 100 van 2006 werd uitgezonden op 25 mei 2006.

2007
De Album 100 van 2007 werd uitgezonden op 17 mei 2007.

2008
De Album 100 van 2008 werd uitgezonden op 1 mei 2008.

2009
De Album 100 van 2009 werd uitgezonden op 21 mei 2009.

2010
De Album 100 van 2010 werd uitgezonden op 13 mei 2010 en gepresenteerd door Bram Willems en Ayco Duyster.

2011
De Album 100 2011 werd uitgezonden op 2 juni 2011 en gepresenteerd door Bram Willems en Ayco Duyster.

2012
De Album 100 2012 werd uitgezonden op 17 mei 2012 en gepresenteerd door Bram Willems en Ayco Duyster.

2013
De Album 100 2013 werd uitgezonden op 9 mei 2013 en gepresenteerd door Ilse Liebens en Joris Lenaerts.

2014
In 2014 bestond de lijst uitzonderlijk uit 500 albums en kreeg het programma de toepasselijke titel Album 500. Het werd een 36 uur durende marathonuitzending, non-stop op 29 en 30 mei 2014. De lijst werd gepresenteerd door Ayco Duyster, Joris Lenaerts, Ilse Liebens, Nelles Decaluwé, Babette Moonen, Kim Muylaert, Frederika Del Nero en Frederick Vereecken.

2015
Ook in 2015 bestond de lijst uit 500 nummers.

2016
De Album 500 2016 werd uitgezonden op 5 en 6 mei 2016

Externe link
 Album 100
  De album 100 editie 2017

Radioprogramma van Studio Brussel
Muziekprogramma op radio
Hitlijst
Verzoekprogramma
Pop- en/of rockprogramma
Vlaams muziekprogramma

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Learning Discoveries > Psychological Interventions > Neurofeedback > The Benefits of tDCS
The Benefits of tDCS
The traditional belief that you were born with your brain, that it will stop developing at a certain age and things just go downhill after that is now being challenged with new developments in neuroscience. Current studies show that you can refresh your brain, enhance its capability and have a better functioning brain by simply using a technique called Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation or tDCS.
The rediscovery of electrical stimulation began in 1999 with neurologists Walter Paulus and Michael Nitsche at the University of Gottingen in Germany and others including Alvaro Pascual-Leone associate professor of neurology at Harvard University. By 2005, the fascination and interest with the applications of tDCS had grown to such a degree, that research exploded from 2008 onwards. There are now 75-80 well researched articles in peer reviewed publications.
What is tDCS?
The first reported use of tDCS was in 48AD, and again in the 1800's in Europe before its modern resurgence in the early 2000's. tDCS is a neurophysiologcal technique delivering weak electrical currents directly to the brain with an aim to adjust and harmonise the activity of the brain neurons. In tDCS a constant, low current (0.5mA to 2mA) is delivered with scalp electrodes directly to the specific area of interest in the brain for a specific period of time in each session.
tDCS is thought to work by exciting neurons under the anode (positive electrode) to fire and by inhibiting the firing of neurons underneath the cathode (negative electrode). Anodal stimulation decreases GABA (neurotransmitter) activity, increases blood flow, beta and gamma brainwave activity thus stimulating the central nervous system. By contrast, cathodal stimulation decreases glutamate (neurotransmitter) activity, decreases blood flow, and increases delta and theta activity thus calming the central nervous system.
The key to maximise the utilisation of tDCS is to know where to position the electrodes. This protocol selection is determined by qEEG brain mapping which is referenced to a normative database. A typical tDCS session is 20 minutes and the effects can last from hours to days. The effect of sessions is cumulative and even chronic conditions have been shown to improve.
What Conditions can tDCS Improve?
tDCS has been used to successfully treat depression and chronic pain. It has also been used to improve language and mathematical skills, increase attention span, develop problem solving skills, improve working memory, decrease impulse control, reduce food cravings, as well as enhance reasoning, learning and motor coordination.
Are there any Side Effects?
As with any intervention designed to impact the central nervous system, side effects are to be expected. Since the current is very weak, most people feel nothing except for sensitive people who report a "slight tingle or itch". Only about 50% of the current is shunted across the skin as the head is a poor conductor of electricity. Fortunately, the side effects that may be experienced by some sensitive people using tDCS are mild and transitory. For this reason, tDCS should be delivered by a qualified and trained health professional after qEEG testing is completed to determine the required protocol.
The overall effect of tDCS is to make a specific area of the brain work more effectively – something akin to "a morning cup of coffee" applied to a relatively focal part of your brain – the one that is needed for you to engage and enhance task performance. In 2003, Paulus's team produced evidence that cognitive enhancement is possible after tDCS sessions.(Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol 15, p 619). Pascual-Leone from the Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts also demonstrated that in the area of working memory (memorising facts, word lists, times tables) tDCS stimulation was like "increasing the amount of RAM available."
The exciting news is that tDCS has real promise and is now becoming widely accepted by health professionals as a simple, safe and non-invasive brain stimulation procedure with minimal side effects. It would appear that almost any brain function associated with a specific, localised region of the cerebral cortex is potentially amenable to tDCS. Anything buried deeper in the brain, however, is probably not accessible except with dangerously strong currents.
Clinical results here in Australia and overseas are encouraging and show that tDCS can improve the quality of life for those suffering from chronic depression, pain and cognitive issues.
To make an appointment for a qEEG and tDCS please contact Learning Discoveries on 9637 9998.