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Read Reid Radio
When I was twelve years old I knew what I wanted to be when I grew up. I wanted to be a disc jockey on the radio. That was my dream job, I told my parents.
As a kid growing up in a small prairie town three hours away from any big city, my best escape was listening to the radio. Transistor radios came out in the late 1950s. I got my first one for my birthday in 1961. It was a six transistor York, made in Japan for the New York Transistor Company on Fifth Avenue, NYC. My York had a gold metal front with perforated metal speaker, black and cream coloured hard plastic case hiding its guts and a heavy 9-volt battery. (Factoid: 9- volt batteries were invented to power transistor radios.) It was encased in a "genuine leather" case with YORK embossed in gold on the front.
As you can see (above, right) I still have the radio. It no longer turns on or off. It's gone to radio limbo.
That little York became my constant companion filling my life with an ever-changing but comfortable soundtrack of pop music given extra depth and excitement by the on-air antics of the personable guys who spun the discs. That's who I wanted to be.
Disc jockeys like Daryl B(urlingham), Jimmy Darin, Mark Parr, Peter Jackson PJ the DJ, Chuck Dann, Porky Charbonneau, Dennis Dino Corrie at CKY, Canada's Friendly Giant originating in a little room on Winnipeg's Main Street, came pounding across the prairie riding 50,000 clear watts. Here's their chart from the week I turned 16. Click to enlarge.
CKRC, Winnipeg's other less powerful pop station whose signal strength varied out in my little town, still managed to leave an indelible impression with DJs like Boyd Kozak, Jim Paulson, Don Slade, Bob Washington, Doc Steen, Ron Legge. Here is their chart from the week I turned 12 and got my York radio. Click to enlarge.
Near dusk when radio stations changed their signal patterns, WLS, 50,000 clear watts from Chicago came booming in. DJs like John Records Landecker, Dick Biondi, Larry Lujack, Chuck Knapp had incomparable pipes (voices) and songs never sounded better than on WLS. The massive wattage carrying the signal buoyed even the most banal pop ditty to powerful new heights. And WLS made great songs sound even greater. I was never sure how that mystical condition was achieved but I knew I wanted to be part of it, to ride those invisible waves crashing onto transistor beaches and young hearts across the continent. It was a big dream for a little kid.
All the hits, all the time! John Records Landecker's motto was, "Records is my middle name." That's how I felt about records and pop music in general starting in 1960. This feeling increased by quantum leaps in 1964 when The Beatles et al were released to North America. I encouraged the local radio/TV repair shop in the little town to carry CKY's weekly hit parade charts and I amassed a fine collection that I referred to often for this post. I loved poring over the charts, tracing the arcs of my favourite songs, what song debuted the highest, all the permutations and changes I could wring out of fifty pop songs.
How does the announcement by a 12-year-old that he wants to devote his existence to playing records on the radio go over with his parents? Some amusement at first but I was adamant about this which led to bewilderment then concern. Mom definitely wanted a doctor son to cure all her ills and Dad wanted a hockey player. I had to disappoint them both. They eventually understood. By the time I was sixteen and steadfast in my future career choice, my parents started to come around and say things like, "If you are going to be a radio announcer, we'll send you to school to be a damn good one." The universe was unfolding as it should.
Disc jockey was generalized and upgraded into radio announcer by my parents and in the 1960s the best place to learn how to be a good one in Canada was at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute in downtown Toronto. The course was called Radio and Television Arts (RTA): three years of hands-on technical training on top quality, modern equipment mixed with psychology, sociology, writing, speech training and even a class in foreign pronunciations. First year was mostly radio, second and third all TV. I'm not photogenic so radio was my only interest in taking RTA. The program sounded interesting to both my parents and I so we started working toward it.
The day came in late August 1968 when I stepped off the train at Union Station in downtown Toronto on my way to Ryerson. The culture shock of moving from a town of 700 people to a city of two million (then) excited and stimulated me. Any fears I had struggled beneath a heavy covering of optimism and hope. It was the Sixties when anything was still possible. Everyone felt that.
Ryerson (now a university) is located one block off Yonge Street's section called The Strip, at least it was in the late 1960s. Strip clubs, bars, XXX movie theatres, organ grinders with monkeys, chestnut roasters, buskers, Hari Krishnas, hippies and hipsters, the denizens brought throngs downtown every night.
The first year I stayed in Ryerson's residence across the street from the school. Sam the Record Man and A & A Records were right around the corner on Yonge Street. Ronnie Hawkins' club The Hawk's Nest where I saw the Kinks and Parliament/Funkadelic (not on the same bill) was two blocks down. The Rock Pile, a Masonic Temple converted into a Rock & Roll Shrine where I saw Led Zeppelin two days after their first album came out, was a ten minute walk away. On the way you could stop at the Riverboat Coffeehouse in Yorkville and see John Lee Hooker or James Taylor. At the Ryerson folk club The Onion you could watch Bruce Cockburn begin his glorious arc or Leon Redbone perform to a tomato. At Massey Hall I saw The Fugs and Laura Nyro (not on the same bill). I had moved from lonesome howling prairie wind song to the 24-hour thrum and throb of Canada's pop cultural heart.
My first year was intense and exactly what I needed and wanted to learn about radio, not just as an announcer but as a producer with awareness of potential future career growth. I wasn't as ambitious as many of the others though I succeeded the first year. That summer I worked at Clear Lake and went back to Ryerson in the fall of 1969 much less enthused.
Culturally Toronto still overwhelmed with the new and the shiny but TV was the main focus that year and, at the time, I hated TV. As a result I developed a kind of accidee, a good old word meaning torpor or sloth, which combined with a yearning to be away from the cold city and back on the prairie. It made for a rough year.
My saving grace came in the form of a radio station. As much as the DJs on CKY, CKRC and WLS had inspired me and the teachers at Ryerson had taught me, CHUM-FM, Toronto's underground radio station, completed my radio education. CHUM-FM was my post-grad work.
Underground radio was free-form radio, usually on FM, no format, few ads, the announcers played what they wanted usually in long music sequences, lots of brand new music mixed with familiar tunes, unpredictable crazy fun to the highest degree. CHUM-FM was Canada's premier underground station.
I remember listening to Dave Marsden doing a laidback but amusing persona completely opposite that of his previous role, Dave Mickie on CBC-TV's noisy Razzle Dazzle. The graveyard shift on CHUM-FM was filled by David Pritchard (left) whose delivery, style and choice of music had an enormous effect on me and the radio would later create. Pritchard had a dark and dry delivery that was full of surprises and always made you wonder if he was putting you on. Frank Zappa described his show as "an utter freak out."
That year I lived alone in an apartment paid for by a classmate as a cover so he could live with his girlfriend elsewhere. The apartment, across the street from Allen Gardens, had at least two inorganic occupants as well. David Pritchard and I became adept at scaring away the night spooks. I saw many sunrises and few classrooms that year.
The summer of 1970 I worked in the little town until I got my first radio job. Dad had a drinking buddy who had a drinking buddy who had a buddy who ran CFAR, the radio station in the mining town of Flin Flon, Manitoba. Connections!
I started at CFAR in October 1970. On my first day station manager Jay Leddy had me run the controls for him early Sunday morning for an hour then stood up and said, "You're on your own, kid." No net! It was delightfully terrifying. The first song I played on the radio, real radio with people listening, was Sunday Morning Coming Down by Johnny Cash. By the end of shift I had settled in, almost comfortable, getting chatty. Ryerson was right! I'd been taught well.
At a little 1,000-watt station like CFAR, whose staff was maybe six people, I got to do everything: play records, prepare and read news and sportscasts, interview people on-air, read the daily stock market closings, answer the phone, write and read ad copy, type logs, sell ads, sweep the floor and even train announcers newer than me. Gary Roberts from Winnipeg was one such guy.
We both cut our teeth at CFAR, became good friends and shared lots of small town fun. Admirably ambitious, Gary, real name Reg Johns, went on to program radio stations in the U.S. and now runs Mass2One Media in Carlsbad, CA. We chatted about a year ago.
I spent ten months at CFAR. In July 1971 I got my second radio gig at CKX-AM in Brandon, an hour from my hometown. Mom was thrilled! She could finally listen to me. Frank Bird, whom I had listened to since childhood, hired me to do the CKX all night show 1:00 to 7:00 a.m. six nights a week. The only music restriction was I had to play country music from 5:00 to 7:00, otherwise I could play whatever I wanted. The music library at CKX was adequate to my needs and the record companies were generous with new releases. I had my own underground radio show for four hours a night. The freedom was delicious! It was heaven!
I was required to rip and read a three-minute newscast at the top of every hour. My time at CKX coincided with Watergate and Richard Nixon's destiny. As a consequence I honed a passable Nixon impression often using it for the whole newscast. This is a shot of me (below) at 6:00 a.m. in the CKX studio about 1972. Although not a major market, Brandon was a step up in my career. CKX had an FM station that was on auto-program during the day and simulcast AM all night. CKX-FM leaked into Winnipeg somehow, maybe cable TV. I recall several Winnipeg people calling me to say they'd listened to me on CKX.
I did the CKX all-night show for twenty-three months having no ambition to do a day shift. I was happy with my freedom and whatever audience was generated all night. I was getting tired of Brandon though, overly familiar Brandon, the city of my birth was getting real stale at 23.
In July of 1973 I scored my major market job. Duff Roman hired me to do an evening underground radio show from 7:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. on CFRW-FM. During the day, FM simulcast CFRW-AM until I took over for the evening. Again free form, no format, run wild. So I did.
When I started at CFRW-FM the office and studios were in the Confederation Building on the curve on Main Street. They were cramped and chaotic. A few months later CKY moved their studios to Polo Park. CFRW bought the former CKY studios, which were located in the London Block, a three-storey building at 432 Main Street N. next to the McIntyre Building. All are gone now.
Turns out after the move, the studio where I did my show was the same one the CKY DJs I admired so much on my York radio had used (left about 1965). It was a shivery and wonderful completion of a life circle for me.
CFRW-FM was also the best radio I ever created. I was on-air six nights a week (right) and Ziggy filled in on my night off. I don't know what became of Ziggy.
The precedent for underground radio in Winnipeg had been set a few years before my arrival by Now Flower on CKY-FM. On-air from 1968 into 1971, Now Flower was created and manned by Jan Thorsteinson and Harold Gershuny who called himself Gersh. It broke the ground for me by creating an audience and a taste for free-form radio that lingered then disappeared briefly to be reincarnated on CFRW-FM.
FM radio was relatively unknown in the 1960s, having been used mainly for classical music. Underground radio helped change that. This Advance ad (left) indicates how popular and cool Now Flower was. The late 1960s ad for a Lloyd's FM/AM radio mentions Now Flower on 92.1 CKY-FM along the bottom of the ad. I spoke with Jan Thorsteinson recently to do some fact-checking of dates for this post. He's happily retired in rural Manitoba. I'm not sure of Gersh's whereabouts.
With the benefit of The Long View, I see Now Flower as the opening bracket and my show on CFRW-FM as the closing bracket since it was the last underground radio on a commercial station in Winnipeg. Between us lies the full extent and duration of alternative radio in Winnipeg. Thereafter, university radio stations began filling the gap. Click to enlarge
As these two diverse lists of albums I played in 1974 and 1975 indicate (above, right), music on underground radio needed to be unabashedly varied because the element of surprise (never knowing what you're going to hear next) had to be maintained – the less predictable the better.
The first two Bruce Springsteen albums came out in 1973 and I played tracks from both of them every night in Brandon and Winnipeg. CFRW-FM had a very active and demanding audience so I played lots of requests.
Manitoba had a rash of UFO sightings in the 1970s. During self-proclaimed Alien Week, I did a bit where every night at a certain time I would announce the co-ordinates of our transmitting tower and invite any amenable aliens to contact us using our transmitter. Two minutes of silence, dead air, followed. The aliens never took me up on my offer but apparently there were more than a few earthlings glued to the silence.
In the 1970s it was illegal to advertise alcohol before ten o'clock at night (imagine that!). CFRW-FM had a heavy contract with Club Beer which meant I had to play three or four beer commercials an hour. Though humorous and nutty, the ads wore thin fast.
In 1975 CHUM from Toronto purchased CFRW AM & FM and the death knell for underground radio began to sound. CHUM changed the call letters to CHIQ which became Q94-FM and adopted a nauseating ice-water format of banality and conformity.
The irony is that CHUM, whose FM flagship station taught me so much about free-form radio, were the ones to put the kibosh on alternative radio in Winnipeg.
Since I could think and talk at the same time, CHUM kept me on to do a 90-minute afternoon talk show on Q94 called Forum. I interviewed people on the phone and live in the studio, like the 12-year-old evangelist preacher and Mr. Manitoba, adding in interviews from my Toronto counterpart. There was still something unpredictable and free-form about a talk show plus I got to ask weird questions. I enjoyed that greatly. Extra bonus: I loved pissing off the "music director" by playing Tom Waits instead of Elton John during my musical interlude.
Looking back it seems as if the main reason I worked at CFRW was to meet, fall in love with and spend my life with Linda. She was the boss's Girl Friday, traffic reporter, occasional copywriter and all-around beauty. Though mostly an evening creature at the station, I did appear occasionally during the day after making sure she'd be there. I quit CFRW in early 1977, Linda and I moved in together and we lived a bohemian lifestyle, making art, meeting new people, having fun. Much of that era is documented on the DTC ART page.
My next and final radio gig was at CJUM-FM where I was hired by Brent Mooney as music director for the struggling University of Manitoba station which had come on the air in September 1975 and closed in June 1980. New wave was just underway when I started there in 1978 and we ran with it. With niche tastes serviced while enlightening others, CJUM-FM had even more diversity than underground radio. We played plenty of Winnipeg bands as you can see by the music lists from 1979 (below). Click to enlarge
Though the 1980s and 90s were dry radio-wise, CJUM-FM returned in 1998. The following year CKUW, at the University of Winnipeg, debuted on air. Both continue to provide high quality accessible radio.
My childhood dream came true. I was a disc jockey for ten years. Then I had the epiphanal moment: when one dream is realized, another begins…
Filed under 1960s, BEAUTY, Music, Radio, Winnipeg
Tagged as cfar, cfrw-fm, ckx, now flower, radio, rta, ryerson, transistor radio
6 responses to "Read Reid Radio"
I posted your story about your journey to become a radio DJ on my Facebook page. It really brought me back to some forgotten but familiar places. Thanks Reid. Marce.
Thanks Marce.
Todd Paulson
I came here by accident while researching my father: Jim Paulson from the early CKRC days, and I'm sure glad I did. What a fascinating read, Reid…glad I read it. 🙂
Hi Todd, I enjoyed your dad on the air; he was one of the Good Guys. Here's another Good Guy from back in the day https://readreidread.wordpress.com/2015/03/13/koz-and-the-beatles/
Hi Reid, I'm so proud to read that, thanks! Great piece on Boyd Kozak as well!
Thanks Todd.


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01 May 1999 African-Americans Are Being Left Behind in the Information Age, by Council Nedd
A 1998 Vanderbilt University study found that 73% of white high school and college students have a computer in their home, yet only 33% of their black peers do. 28% of white Americans with household incomes of less than $40,000 annually have home computers, compared with 13% of African-Americans. 13% of white households with income under $40,000 use the Internet, compared to 8% of African-American households. And white lower-income households that do access the Internet do so more frequently: When whites and blacks from households making under $40,000 were asked if they'd visited the World Wide Web in the past month, more than three times as many whites as blacks said yes.
A major U.S. Commerce Department report found similar results. The Commerce Department found that 40% of all white households have computers, compared to 19.3% for African-Americans and 19.4% for Hispanics. At incomes higher than $75,000, the Commerce Department found, 76.3% of white households owned computers, compared to 64.1% of black households.
African-Americans cannot afford to be left behind in the information age.
First, we can support government policies that make the Internet more accessible. For instance, AT&T recently purchased the national TV cable company TCI with the intention of offering Internet service through TV cable. This would be a boon to black families, who currently are more likely to have cable service than Internet access. Unfortunately, some big business interests – like the Internet service America Online – are attempting to block AT&T's action, and the matter was brought before a Senate committee on April 13 for investigation. Policymakers should be told that AT&T should be allowed to offer Internet service through TV cables.
Second, we need to teach our kids about the Internet and monitor their use of it, to make sure the time they spend online is positive and productive. Schools without computers and Internet access can get online more cheaply than they might think, as many businesses routinely throw away or send to storage computers that are just a couple of years old. These businesses could be convinced to donate them to a school in return for a tax deduction.
Third, we can keep Internet taxes low to help lower-income families pay for access. The Internet Tax Freedom Act, approved by Congress after an uphill fight by Representative Chris Cox (R-CA), bans new taxes on the Internet for three years. This could be extended.
Fourth, we need to build and maintain intact families. The Department of Commerce report found that one of the most significant factors influencing children's access to the Internet is family structure. Commerce found that households composed of married couples with children are approximately twice as likely to own computers and have Internet access (57.2% and 29.4% respectively) as are single-headed households headed by a male (30.5% and 14%) or a female (25% and 9.2%).
Tamar Jacoby of the Manhattan Institute reports that, by next year, 60% of all U.S. jobs will require technical skills and that – although African-Americans make up 12% of the U.S. workforce – only 4% of the jobs in the lucrative computer science field are held by blacks. The computer industry has 200,000 unfilled jobs now and a million new computer jobs will need filling by 2006.
Computer jobs are, for the most part, lucrative and prestigious positions. As African-Americans, we should position ourselves to take our share of them, and we should seize the other educational, career and recreational benefits the information age makes possible.
###(Council Nedd is a member of Project 21 and the director of government affairs for Citizens Against Government Waste.)


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The office of MRP - Jubi
Do not ignore Papuan People's Assembly in Otsus Law evaluation: Church
Jayapura, Jubi – The Communion of Churches in Indonesia (PGI) has expressed their support to the Papuan People's Assembly (MRP), calling on the government to evaluate the Special Autonomy (Otsus) Law thoroughly while involving the MRP in the process.
The Indonesian government and the House of Representatives are reportedly revising two articles of the Otsus Law, namely Article 34 on special funds and Article 76 on expansion, without the involvement of the MRP in the deliberation. The MRP is a state and cultural institution representing the seven customary land, religious, and women in Papua as mandated by the Otsus Law.
"We want the revision of the Special Autonomy Law to be carried out as a whole, not partial as it is today, which only attempts to change two articles," MRP chair Timotius Murib told the PGI leaders during a meeting on Friday, June 11, 2021.
The MRP deemed the revision, which meant for additional funds and an easier mechanism of expansion, was pointless without actually granting authority to the Papuan government in various sectors.
"In fact, Article 77 of the Special Autonomy Law stated the amendment of the law must involve the Papuan People, represented by the MRP and the Papuan Legislative Council," he added.
Murib said the MRP had never met with President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo. He hoped that the president would talk to the MRP as a part of the cultural approach in solving Papuan problems.
MRP deputy Joel Elmulai said that the MRP had been voicing the Papuans' aspirations but to no avail. Of 24 Papuan specialties mandated by the Otsus Law, he said, only four have been implemented, namely the appointment of Indigenous Papuans as Papua governor and deputy governor, the establishment of the MRP, and infrastructure development.
"We hope that the PGI can become our bridge to communicate with the president and convey our hopes and aspirations," Elmulai said.
PGI chairman Gomar Gultom said that the PGI was always open to hearing the hopes, concerns, and complaints of the community, especially the voices of those who were marginalized. "With the issue of Papua in particular, we do have special attention. That's why in PGI there is a Papua Bureau," said the pastor.
"I agree with the MRP," Gultom added. "Do not ignore the MRP in the Otsus Law evaluation. The Otsus Law must be evaluated thoroughly. Instead of talking about funds, the government should put more attention to the resolution of past human rights violations, the formation of a commission of truth and reconciliation," he said.
Meanwhile, PGI general secretary Jacky Manuputty emphasized that the discussion about Papua must involve the church. The PGI, he said, was concerned about the exclusion of the MRP in various processes of policymaking, especially on the issue of expansion and special regional regulation.
"PGI believes that the resolution of the Papua problems must be through a cultural and humanitarian approach. The cultural approach should be with and through the MRP, as an official state institution that accommodates cultural representation [of the Papuans]," Manuputty said.


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Strictly star AJ Odudu frustrated and upset about injury
It's ahead of the Grand Finale of the dancing contest on Saturday
Strictly Come Dancing star AJ Odudu has said she is "frustrated and upset" at being injured ahead of Saturday's final but vowed she is "doing everything" to make sure she can dance.
The TV presenter, 33, is due to take to the dancefloor in the grand finale of the BBC One show with her professional dance partner Kai Widdrington.
But she has been unable to rehearse since Monday after injuring the ligament in the arch of her right foot and has also had to use crutches.
Speaking at a press conference hosted by It Takes Two presenter Rylan Clark, she appeared with her right foot lifted and strapped with bandages.
Odudu explained: "Basically, long story short, I've hurt the ligament in my arch, and I can't put any weight on my foot at all. So we have missed a lot of training, because I can't stand up, I'm on crutches and I'm doing everything I can to try and be there on Saturday night."
Seated alongside her, Widdrington, who made his debut as a professional dancer on Strictly this year, said the pair had rehearsed their show dance on Monday.
During the finale, each of the final three couples – Odudu and Widdrington, former Bake Off winner John Whaite and Johannes Radebe, and Rose Ayling-Ellis and Giovanni Pernice – will perform three routines, among them the much-awaited show dance.
Widdrington, who previously competed on Ireland's Dancing With The Stars, said: "We rehearsed (on) Monday, we did the show dance, we got through it. Obviously we still need to patch it up a little bit and connect everything, there's a lot of lifts in there. But the other dances that we're going to do we did and put the music on and AJ knows them."
The couple scored their first perfect 40 during Saturday's semi-final for one of their two routines – a quickstep – which judge Craig Revel Horwood gushed was "incredible".
Their other semi-final routine, a rumba, earned them a score of 39.
Odudu said: "It's just really frustrating actually. Because the two dances that you mentioned that we are repeating from the series, (we've) not performed them in weeks and weeks, so without giving too much away, they're energy-inducing dances.
"On Monday we were optimistic because we were like, 'Do you know what? The steps are still there. Just got to build up the stamina… And then as Kai mentioned, our show dance, it's (a) beautiful, epic show dance, that we have stepped through, we have marked through, I know where we're meant to be, what I'm meant to be doing.
"But again, it's one of those things that you need the practice in order to give it everything essentially. So I am at this moment in time very frustrated and upset. But again, our main focus is my foot at the moment and just making sure that we can make it on Saturday."
She became tearful as she discussed dancing with Widdrington, who labelled her a "dream partner".
The pair's close partnership has sparked rumours of a relationship.
He said he was "ecstatic" to be partnered with her, adding: "No dance experience, even when people think that she has, you actually haven't had any at all, I can categorically say that.
"But we came out and did that jive and it was just one of those moments where you just go 'Wow, that just happened, what is happening?'."
The final three celebrities will take to the dancefloor in the Strictly Come Dancing Final 2021 on December 18 at 7pm on BBC One and BBC iPlayer.
Former city minister Lord Myners dies aged 73


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My Story, Our Story: Marta Marchionni
The Alumni of BBS talk about themselves: what was before, what came after, and the memories of being a student. They open a window to their life to share a personal story and a narration of one's own professional experience, to share a story of our Community.
The protagonist of the fourth episode is Marta Marchionni, Head of Doubleclick Media Buying Solutions of Google Italia, MBA distance learning VI, 2004-2006 (currently Professional MBA Part-time).
Marta has chosen her soundtrack: Under Pressure by The Queen and David Bowie.
Referential, oblique, mythical or substantial, advertising has always been a passion for Marta, or perhaps a destiny. Even, thinking of where Marta is currently working, something that may make you feel dizzy. It's a company that meets people's needs to look for things and find them. "After my degree in text semiotics in 2001, I started my career in the advertising world for Repubblica, L'Espresso and all the other newspapers of the L'Espresso group for Emilia-Romagna. Then I moved to Milan, at Google, where I've been working for the last seven years. Three years ago I moved to the Doubleclick team, a platform for the misuration and automation of digital marketing".
The first methodological problem of Semiotics is to define what a text is. The answer, illuminating and simple, is that a text is everything that can be read. Thus commercials-guzzling Marta wrote her thesis in Text Semiotics on something that can be read: an identity. It was the identity of a small, emerging brand, Cruciani, her tutor being Patrizia Magli and her supervisor Roberto Grandi (with the exception of Magli, there's already a lot of BBS here). Then a jump into the advertising world, in the toughest sector: selling spaces to advertisers. So, after seven years of pages, the screen is the new white sheet to be filled.
Why BBS
"Because it has a strong identity and there were welcoming people who inspired and trusted me, straight away, more than others. And also… I'm a fan of the Villa!". Aged 28, Marta felt the need to widen her knowledge, she was proud of her humanities and semiotics studies but she felt she could give more. It was the branch director at Manzoni who convinced her that managerial training was a good investment. If that experience had enriched someone with a degree in Economics, why couldn't it be the same for her?
Validating evidence
Going from a traditional advertising environment to the technological one was quite a leap. "Very different logics and selling cycles characterise these two segments. I felt very weak during the transition, but I was wrong". Indeed, with the Google option still open, Marta discovered she was pregnant. "It wasn't planned, in any possible way: it was a big surprise that would shake again my personal and professional life". Marta took her decision and a double somersault: she changed job, company and commercial sector. With a belly full of changes. "I was able to manage the situation. I came out of it stronger and with greater trust in myself".
A magical word
Marta doesn't often go back to her native Foligno. Even her two and a half year old toddler "is a rather urban boy, metropolitan I should say!" enjoying Milan. Marta starts working at 9 and leaves her office at 7 in the evening, a very good schedule for an across-function manager. She'd like to do many things, mainly some volunteering, but it's hard to find space for the topics she cares for in a diary full of responsibilities, at work and at home with her family.
I ask her whether there's something that inspires her. A magical word opening your own personal search? "In the first part of my life I was very much focused on myself, today I'm more sensitive about what happens around me. I'd say Solidarity".
(Editor's Note)
"At work I always try to live up to my expectations and my colleagues'." One can sense it even over the phone, even though Google phones aren't that great –search "office phones", come on. I imagine Marta imagining herself as the commercials-guzzling Marta of many years ago, a girl with a degree in Communication, onto whom she herself decided to graft a commercial-managerial device, to put herself to the test.
A piece of advice to a student
"Try and get your degree quickly, don't linger over an academic career if you are not interested. Travel, study at least a year abroad. Take advantage of the most consolidated exchange programmes and try and enter the labour market as soon as possible. Immediately after getting my degree I granted myself one year to look for a job, to understand how to apply my set of knowledge to the market. The sooner you do it, the better."
Do you want to read more stories from the BBS Alumnae and Alumni Community? Click here.


Said goodbye this morning to my 13-year-old, watching him shamble down the front steps into the first mild morning we've had this year. There was something about how he looked walking toward the school bus, wearing the new coat that he calls his "rock-star coat," which he bought on his own when he walked with his friends from our house down to the shops last week… I watched him from behind, and coupled with that feeling that he's no longer my little boy came a regret that I'd spent a number of years of his early childhood unsober.
I shut the door, locked it, walked back into the kitchen and started washing the dishes from breakfast before settling down to work. Pretty soon my tears were dripping into the dishwater. Sometimes I can't do anything about it: I Regret The Past and Wish To Shut The Door On It.
Thirteen years ago, I was a fearful new mom. The fear settled on me as soon as I knew I was pregnant. I knew I was pregnant even before I took the drugstore test. I could feel it in my body. I'd gotten pregnant by accident and after the second line in the pregnancy test's window confirmed what I already knew, I stood in the front hall and burst into tears—I was sure I had no idea how to raise a kid, and I had no confidence that I could figure it out. I read lots of books, and I even wrote a book about my pregnancy (which was great—my pregnancy, that is), but books didn't give me that sense of Being Right inside myself.
When my son was born, and I saw his face, I knew he was the one I was supposed to meet. You know what I mean? His eyes were open. They were stone-colored, and he looked hard at me. I was absolutely flattened by love. I swore to myself I'd do my best.
My best turned out to be several years of addiction.
I got sober when he was turning 11.
As I finished washing the dishes I thought to myself how I can't turn the clock back. My kid is one person I have to make living amends to. You can't go to a child and tell him the ways you've harmed him… The facts of parenthood force me to live as an example of sobriety, to live as healthily and as spiritually-directed as I can today. Letting the rest go is the hard part. The self-recrimination. The thoughts, when I look into his face, of "what if?" What if he'd been given a different mother. What if I'd been able to get sober earlier. Blah blah blah, self-pity.
I know how I'm supposed to think. I'm supposed to stay in the present moment.
Doing the dishes and cleaning the kitchen always makes me think of my own mother. She taught me specific ways of house-cleaning. She did not tolerate drips or crumbs on the countertop. She did not tolerate leaving dishes in the sink. We didn't have a dishwasher. She used to point to her piano (which is now in our front hall) and say, "There's my dishwasher"—to emphasize the point that she'd chosen to invest in a musical instrument rather than a kitchen appliance.
I used to think at those moments that, actually, I was the dishwasher, and so was my sister, but I never said so.
This morning as I wiped the countertop clean I thought of my mother. She's been dead of lung cancer from smoking, it's been almost 12 years.
Recently my father-in-law died, and my husband, on the first night after his dad's death, curled up next to me in bed and asked, "Where do you think we go after we die?" It was a childlike question borne of childlike feelings. I thought of my mother then. There is nothing left of my mother's body, surely, except her bones. Her grave is on a hillside 15 miles to the east of here. But can it be said that there is nothing left of her, when I so diligently empty the sink, when I wipe the countertop clean… when I beat myself over the head for making mistakes—the way she taught me?
Instead of doing my yoga at home today, I went to my friend Jenn's class. I needed to get out of the house, and I needed to hear Jenn's voice. As I walked in, she was already leading the students in opening meditation. I sat down on my mat, and Jenn said, "Now think of a place of comfort," and the first thing that came to my mind was my mother's lap when I was a child. I could feel her shoulders under the blue-and-brown flannel shirt and I could smell her cigarette smoke, and I could hear her voice. Though my mother hit me when I was small, I also remember how much I used to love it when she sometimes held me on her lap. She also sometimes sang, or read books.
One problem I've had is that I made my mother my higher power. I did everything she said, down to wiping the countertops clean in a certain way. I am a good reporter and student because I can remember conversations and lectures verbatim, because I was trained to remember things my mother said (or else).
I can see that my son won't have some of these problems. I'm not his higher power. He is not my confidante. He has privacy, and a good relationship with his father, and productive friendships. There are appropriate boundaries between us.
Driving home from yoga I was thinking that, at the very least, I'm here. I'm alive and well, if not perfect. (By now you will have noticed that I'd like to be perfect… 🙂 ) I think kids are hardwired to forgive their parents, especially if their parents make an effort. If my mother had gotten well, and had lived to see my son grow up, I could have let go of everything that had gone before.
I mean, by the time she died, I had let go of it anyway. … Anyone know what I mean?
But who knows how much possibility for growth, how much joy we might have had?
And she would have been here. Priceless.
Powerful, beautiful post, G. You are so honest – and articulate. Thanks for expressing things that I've felt myself, and resonate with such familiarity. My mom is now 93 yo, and thankfully, I've had some time to acquire some compassion for and understanding of her. If she had died before I was 50 yo, I think I would have remained bitter and angry for the rest of my life. Her longevity has given me some time to work things out with/for myself. I'm grateful for that. Hugs to you, G.
You may not be perfect, but this post is pretty awesome. I relate so much to that feeling of, "I can't help it, I regret the past…" There are times when I ache over the decisions I made, but we have to move on. God is faithful to forgive us, we just have to forgive ourselves too.
Thank you for sharing this. At almost 7 years sober the one area that still stings the most is with my son. He is 16 now and grown into a happy, healthy, really good kid and for that I am thankful, but I can think back on some of my actions before sobriety and that can hurt, I have forgiven a lot, but self forgiveness has been the hardest to overcome. I also believe that kids are "hardwired to forgive their parents", my son has sooooo many reasons to be angry and not forgive me, but he has (and still does when I need it) and loves me more than ever. Another one of those awesome elements of recovery – relationships restored!
@Peggy, I thought I would remain bitter and angry forever, but when I got the news that my mother was dying, I knew I had karma to pay off or else I'd come back as an ant or a slug in the next life. Man. I so do not want to be a slug.
@Shay & @Kimberly… thanks for being here and for reminding me that others are engaged in this amazing project of self-forgiveness and sober motherhood. You guys know what I'm saying… that feels good. 🙂 @Kimberly–well done on 7 years, and on a 16-year-old healthy young man.
G., this is a moving post. I turned out okay (I think) even though I did not have that kind of emotional closeness with my father. We were close as father and son. I think that your love for your son shone through even during the addiction years. As you write here, what we have now is the present to make those living amends. Thanks for sharing your love and honesty here.
Wow, what a powerful post – what a beautiful baby. I remember when I was in the hospital after giving birth to my first child I cried all the time, begging every care-taking employee on staff to come home with me and my baby. Child rearing is hard and it is scary – but I have loved every minute of it.
I would love to give you proverbial hug and tell you that use the past as strength. You've come a long way, baby and facing your giants is one huge step. (I refer to Joe Kelly's I KILL GIANTS – a great graphic novel about facing fears – if you haven't read it, I highly recommend you do so).
You are amazing and your son is fortunate to have you. The way you write about your experiences truly touches my soul. Thank you for sharing.
Im doing this too, making a living amends to my boys, one day at a time.


The flag of Canada has a maple leaf,because a Maple tree is Canada's most common tree.
A Canadian Tradition is to eat Fish Chips on Thanks Giving,Christmas and Easter.
You know how we honor are veterans, This is the day they honor their shoulders.
thanks for looking at our project about Canada me and Thomas worked hard doing this for u guys to see your well come.


text:
hummel was established in 1923, when Albrech Messmer designed a football boot with cleats in order to help the footballers perform better, after observing some playing in the rain.
From the very beginning hummel has been a company which focused on innovation. From pioneering the apparel for football, we now manufacture apparel for a long list of sports, including handball, basketball, rugby league, australian football, and volleyball, as well as footwear and fashion.
In 1980, the hummel brand and trademark rights were bought by VN Sport from Denmark and thanks to visionary and bold thinking along with the right sponsorships, hummel grew to become a force to be reckoned with in the sports industry. In 1999, hummel was bought by Christian Stadil. At the time the company was not thriving, but through innovative marketing and insight Christian Stadil helped redefine the meaning of hummel.
What started out as a two-man business in Eppendorf, Germany has in 88 years grown to become a multinational corporation with activities in more than 40 countries across the world. From Eppendorf to Aarhus, from cleats to Company Karma, from Messmer to Stadil.
Once they said that bumblebees should not be able to fly but the fact of the matter is, however, that bumblebees do fly, as does that quirky Danish sportsbrand from 1923 - higher and more agile than ever before.
We have a long tradition of Corporate Social Responsibility around the globe. Cooporations with charity organizations have helped form hummel's Company Karma set of values that is all about giving something back to people and causes that hummel believes in.
hummel International Sport & Leisure A/S
Balticagade 20
info@hummel.dk
www.hummel.dk


text:
Ed Davey Marks Ground-breaking of Siemens Hull Development
FRIMLEY, England, January 22, 2015 /PRNewswire/ --
Milestone for world-class offshore wind manufacturing and assembly facility
The Rt Hon Ed Davey, Secretary of State for Energy & Climate Change, today (22 January) joined Siemens global executives to mark ground-breaking on wind turbine manufacturing and assembly facilities in Hull.
Mr Davey visited Hull's Alexandra Dock to celebrate the beginning of construction on the site where Siemens will operate blade manufacturing, assembly and servicing facilities. With its partner, Associated British Ports, Siemens is investing £310m in the development. The Siemens facilities will create 1,000 direct jobs and many more during the construction phase and in the supply chain.
The Secretary of State and Siemens executives were also joined by leaders from the European renewables industry to record an important milestone in the Hull project, at today's event which had the theme "Engineering The Future".
As work begins at Alexandra Dock it was announced that the first wind farm that would benefit from Hull is Dudgeon, off the Norfolk coast, which it is planned will be able to use the facility and quayside for part of its installation. Siemens has been selected as the supplier to Dudgeon, which is owned by Norwegian energy companies Statoil and Statkraft and Abu Dhabi's renewable energy company, Masdar, and is operated by Statoil.
The Dudgeon wind farm will comprise 67 of Siemens' 6 MW offshore wind turbines, which have the world's longest blade in commercial operation, at 75 metres in length. With an overall capacity of 402 MW Dudgeon will provide clean power to more than 410,000 UK households.
Michael Hannibal, CEO Offshore of the Siemens Wind Power and Renewables Division said: "The start of construction on the Hull site is a landmark in the development of what will be world-class offshore wind manufacturing and assembly facilities.
"We are delighted the Secretary of State has joined us today to mark this occasion and that we have been joined by partners and customers who are driving forward the offshore wind industry in the UK and Europe. We are also pleased to be able to announce so far in advance the destination of the first turbines to be shipped from Hull.
"The UK offshore wind market has seen strong growth, with even greater future potential. By 2020, 14 gigawatts of wind power capacity is to be installed in UK waters to achieve environmental objectives and security of power supply. Our Hull facilities will contribute significantly to the growth of the offshore wind industry in the UK and to the shared objective of Siemens, the industry and the Government of driving down the costs of renewable energy."
Mr Davey said: "The work started here in Hull is thanks to Siemens, its partners and the Government working closely together to invest in UK offshore wind for the long term. The £310 million investment will benefit the UK economy by creating green jobs and growth as well as providing secure, sustainable and low-carbon energy. The development will also help to drive down the costs of offshore wind. It marks the beginning of a new industry based here and exporting worldwide."
ABP has appointed the GRAHAM Lagan Construction Group Joint Venture to develop the Alexandra Dock site for the Siemens facilities and significant enabling work has now begun. Work to be carried out by the joint venture contractors will include building three new berths and a roll-on, roll-off ramp.
Dependent on planning consent, construction of buildings for the blade manufacturing and wind turbine assembly facilities is due to begin in summer 2015, with production of the first blades scheduled for winter 2016. Siemens has already begun hiring for jobs based in Hull, with recruitment continuing through 2015 and 2016.
Siemens is a significant UK employer with 13,760 employees, including around 2,000 employees in its renewable businesses.
Find out more about the Hull project by visiting http://www.siemens.co.uk/hull
For further information and press pictures, please see: http://www.siemens.co.uk/press
Follow us on Twitter at: http://www.twitter.com/siemensuknews
SOURCE Siemens


As much as I want one I picture myself using it in the boat more, will there be a transom or trolling motor transducer?
MarCum sent me an email that LX-7's started shipping today. Whahoo!
You know yours is gonna go down now that your talking like that!


text:
package com.jivesoftware.robot.intellij.plugin.psi;

import java.util.List;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.*;
import com.intellij.psi.PsiElement;
import com.jivesoftware.robot.intellij.plugin.elements.references.RobotNamedElement;
import com.intellij.psi.StubBasedPsiElement;
import com.jivesoftware.robot.intellij.plugin.elements.stubindex.RobotKeywordTitleStub;
import com.intellij.navigation.ItemPresentation;

public interface RobotKeywordTitle extends RobotNamedElement, StubBasedPsiElement<RobotKeywordTitleStub> {

  @Nullable
  @NonNls
  String getName();

  PsiElement setName(String newName);

  @Nullable
  PsiElement getNameIdentifier();

  ItemPresentation getPresentation();

  String toString();

  String getRegex();

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This Registration Agreement ("Agreement") sets forth the terms and conditions of your use of 101sitehosting.com domain name registration services to register an Internet domain name, your registration of that domain name, as well as other 101sitehosting.com domain name related services. In this Agreement "you" and "your" refer to each customer and "we", "us" and "our" refer to 101sitehosting.com.
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In the early 20th century, the idea that mental illness was caused by chronic infection was widespread and, for the most part, accepted. Psychiatrists such as Henry Cotton from the New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton, took this idea and attempted to cure his patients by removing areas of infection: decaying teeth, tonsils, colons and even ovaries and testicles. Looking back with the information we have now about neurotransmitters, Cotton's approach seems somewhat archaic. However, new evidence showing a link between inflammation and mental illness support the idea that infection is related, specifically for mood disorders like depression.
For the most part, imbalances in the neurotransmitter serotonin are what are thought to cause depression. Recently, though, studies have demonstrated elevated inflammatory responses in patients with depression. Inflammation is a reaction from our immune system to a harmful stimulus or cell. Our immune system, though, cannot differentiate between what is activating it. An infection may activate our system and then, for unknown reasons, may continue to create an inflammatory response that impacts our psychiatric state.
A professor at the University of Toronto explains that even infection in the womb can lead to heightened risks of mental illness such as depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia if more inflammatory responses occur later in life. A Danish study showed that people hospitalized for an infection were 62 percent more likely to later develop a mood disorder. There is a large correlation between inflammation and mental illness.
The next step is figuring out what this means for the treatment and prevention of mental illness. Currently, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the most common type of medication-based treatment for mood disorders. It is possible, though, that the addition of certain anti-inflammatory drugs could provide aid to patients. Anti-inflammatory drugs will be more successful for some people than others, just as is the case with SSRIs. Important to note, too, is the immune-based treatments that are going to have big impacts on mood disorders most likely have not been discovered yet.
Linking infection and inflammation with mood disorders marks a huge step in fighting the stigma surrounding mental health. Infection is a physical indicator of illness, something that most mood disorders do not have. Having a physical connection with mental illness could allow people to more easily see it as something that cannot necessarily be controlled. You do not choose when you get sick or break an arm, just like you do not choose when you become depressed.


Long ago I keep my old file MyE2B.cfg.
Now I have compared this Vs. Sample_MyE2B.cfg, and I notice that there are many differences, far more than the custom changes I had applied.
So, Do you suggest updating it manually by copying from Sample_MyE2B.cfg? and to apply custom changes again?


Bankers Hill-Hillcrest Office Opening Soon!
After many months of planning and preparation, our new office in Bankers Hill-Hillcrest will be opening in March! Located at 440 Upas Street, Suite 106, San Diego, CA 92103 (on the corner of Upas Street and Fifth Avenue), we have strategically located our new "real estate center" to offer a central location for our clients and agents! Stay tuned for our "launch" party invitation!
Response to "Bankers Hill-Hillcrest Office Opening Soon!"


I can't speak to the individual items and their relative condition. However, my sense is they know what they have and the prices are higher than what you'd typically find on eBay. I visited there a few weeks back.


Our ModuSat® SP cooling interface unit has been designed to provide cooling for dwellings served by a communal or district system.
The unit is supplied via primary chilled water, which is provided by centralised plant.
The Heat Network (Metering & Billing) Regulations (2014) require each resident to be billed individually for the proportion of the total energy they consume from the network.
Our ModuSat® units make this easy, featuring an integrated ultrasonic meter, which is MID approved with class 2 accuracy (BS EN 1434), ready to connect to a communication network for metering and billing purposes.
The Evinox ModuSat® SP cooling interface unit has been designed to provide cooling for dwellings served by a communal or district system. The unit is supplied via primary chilled water, which is provided by centralised plant.
The unit consists of a single plate heat exchanger, combined with electronic PID control using Pressure Independent Control Valve (PICV) for differential pressure control and flow rate regulation.
Available in a range of plate sizes and connection configurations, the SP Cooling Interface Unit is suitable for many different types of installation.
The ModuSat® SP Cooling unit is designed to operate with Evinox SmartTalk® two-way communication system for remote metering and diagnostics.
The Cooling circuit consists of a plate heat exchanger (PHE), safety relief valve, manometer, flow and return temperature sensors, Wilo PWM circulation pump and expansion vessel. The cooling circuit flow temperature is controlled by the modulation of the primary flow rate with the integrated PICV actuator.


text:
St. Jude Achieves Magnet Designation® for Nursing Services
Magnet Designation is the highest honor bestowed on nursing services
Memphis, Tennessee, August 20, 2015
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital nurses celebrate the designated Magnet status.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital has received designated Magnet status by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC). St. Jude is the first hospital in western Tennessee to receive this designation. Magnet status is the highest honor granted to nursing services, and only 7 percent of all U.S. hospitals have achieved this recognition.
The Magnet Recognition Program® serves as a benchmark for patients to measure the quality of nursing care they can expect to receive at a hospital. The program was developed by the ANCC to recognize organizations that provide exceptional care and support of nursing practice. The benefits to being a Magnet–recognized organization are numerous. National studies have found that hospitals achieving Magnet status have lower patient mortality, fewer medical complications, and better patient care outcomes.
"We are honored to be recognized as one of the top nursing programs in the country," said Pam Dotson, senior vice president of patient care services and chief nursing officer. "At St. Jude, our nursing department's mission is to ensure consistent quality nursing care to all patients and their families within a supportive practice environment that promotes employee growth, retention and teamwork."
"This is a celebratory time for our nursing department and its leadership," said Larry Kun, M.D., executive vice president and clinical director. "Our nursing department exemplifies the finest in skills, dedication, and caring commitment, and it's because of the entire staff and their leadership's guidance we have received this recognition."
The ANCC Magnet Recognition Program recognizes healthcare organizations that demonstrate excellence in nursing philosophy and practice, adherence to national standards for improving patient care, leadership and sensitivity to cultural and ethnic diversity. Hospitals undergo a rigorous evaluation that includes extensive interviews and review of nursing services, clinical outcomes and patient care. Magnet hospitals must provide an annual status report on their progress and must undergo re-evaluation every four years to retain the designation.
"In so many ways, nurses are the heartbeat of St. Jude. They do it all—from clinical care to research to informatics," said James R. Downing, M.D., St. Jude president and chief executive officer. "As integral members of the health care team, our nurses take pride in their profession and demonstrate a profound commitment that benefits every patient who comes to St. Jude. The Magnet designation recognizes our nurses' dedication to providing St. Jude patients with the highest quality of care."
A Magnet-Designated Hospital
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is leading the way the world understands, treats and cures childhood cancer and other life-threatening diseases. It is the only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center devoted solely to children. Treatments developed at St. Jude have helped push the overall childhood cancer survival rate from 20 percent to 80 percent since the hospital opened more than 50 years ago. St. Jude freely shares the breakthroughs it makes, and every child saved at St. Jude means doctors and scientists worldwide can use that knowledge to save thousands more children. Families never receive a bill from St. Jude for treatment, travel, housing and food — because all a family should worry about is helping their child live. To learn more, visit stjude.org or follow St. Jude on social media at @stjuderesearch.
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Q: How to detect changes in extra files, and reload app, when deploying a Flask app? I built a little web app in Flask and am trying to deploy it on Pythonanywhere.
During development, I used a local server and launch my app as such:
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True,extra_files=['./static/results.csv',])

results.csv serves as a tiny database (I don't need more) and everytime a line is added to the file, from a Flask form submition, the app is releaded. I then get:
Detected change in '/Users/rodolphegonzales/sync/Survey/app/static/results.csv', reloading

Once I deploy on Pythonanywhere, this doesn't work anymore. when I run:
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=False,extra_files=['./static/results.csv',])

I get:
Internal Server Error. The server encountered an internal error and was unable to complete your request. Either the server is overloaded or there is an error in the application.

Looking at the log, this is due to the fact that the changes in results.csv weren't detected, and that the app wasn't reloaded.
How to properly detect changes in extra files when deploying a Flask app?
EDIT: file change detection and reload is apparently impossible to do  outside of the debug mode. A touch to the WSGI should automatically reload, I'll try it out.

A: This has nothing to do with the reloader (well, at least not the way you think).  PythonAnywhere runs a WSGI server for you, pointed at your app.  If you call the dev server unconditionally, it will block and PythonAnywhere's server will never pick it up.
Move the call to the dev server inside a __name__ guard.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(...)

You should not reload an app automatically in production (and based on the way PythonAnywhere works, you wouldn't be able to, you need to manually reload).  Based on what you've described, you shouldn't need to reload it at all, just re-read the static file when you need to get data.  Given that most WSGI servers run in multiple processes, you're probably at risk of corrupting your simple file by writing to it from multiple processes at once.  This is why you use a database.

A: Ok, my little knowledge of how this works in deployment confused me. it turns out I can't, outside of development using debug = True, and to the best of my knowledge, automatically observe changed files and reload the app through an argument in app.run(...). A solution is to "touch" Pythonanywhere's wsgi file anytime another form is submitted (in which case the app is reloaded). I'm doing it like this:
import os
os.utime('/var/www/USERNAME_pythonanywhere_com_wsgi.py', None)

This seems to do the trick. Thanks for your help!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
LaShawn Merritt returns to Portsmouth for parade in his honor
Before LaShawn Merritt climbed into the back of the red convertible, leading a parade held in his honor, he thought back to his childhood and how far he's come.
"Where I grew up, there was a lot of dirt," the four-time Olympic medalist said. "I could never keep my shoes clean. Now I have so many, I could probably wear a different pair every day."
The world-class runner returned home Friday for the LaShawn Merritt Day Parade, and to receive a key to the city during halftime at I.C. Norcom High School's game against his alma mater, Woodrow Wilson High.
The celebration marked another medal-winning performance for Merritt this summer at the Rio Olympics in Brazil. He won a gold medal in the 4×400-meter relay and a bronze medal in the 400-meter dash. In Beijing in 2008, he won gold in both the 4×400-meter relay and the 400-meter dash.
Draped in his Rio medals – each weighing about 5 pounds, he guessed – Merritt waved to friends, shook hands with well-wishers and caught up with people he hadn't seen in years.
"I understand that this is bigger than me," he said. "So to come back and see faces that I haven't seen in years, it's amazing."
Several hundred people lined both sides of High Street, parked in lawn chairs, toting signs and cheering for their native son. The drumbeat of high school marching bands echoed as the caravan traveled toward Joe G. Langston Stadium.
"He's put a small town on a world stage," said 43-year-old Portsmouth resident Lamont Ferguson. "Being in the same category as Usain Bolt and still staying down-to-earth, that means a lot to the people here."
Brittany Smalls, 30, said she was thrilled when Merritt's relay team came out on top in Rio. Smalls said he ranks among Portsmouth's most important natives.
"Just a lot of pride," she said.
Merritt said the city's challenges make his returns more meaningful.
"Not a lot of positive things happen around here," he said. "So whenever I can get back and inspire others, it always feels great to do that."
Even after competing around the world and training for much of the year in Florida, Merritt said, his heart remains in Portsmouth.
"It's love. It's family. It's support," he said. "These are the people I do what I do for."


To a causal observer the pattern of vegetation in Chitwan probably seems stable. On the low lying flat land near the rivers, including the large islands in the Narayani river, there is a lush growth of short and long grass interspersed with patches of mixed forest. On the hills the forest is more uniform, consisting mainly of stately, straight-trunked sal (Shorea robusta). Everything, it seems, has been like this for some time.
Yet the apparent stability is an illusion. Nature is constantly in a state of flux, particularly in a monsoon area of this kind, and it is a process - a kind of continuous, creeping takeover - whereby some species of plants and trees gradually gain supremacy over others.
Two contrasting elements - water and fire - affect this environment, altering the course of plant succession and creating constant changes in vegetation patterns.
Every summer during the monsoon floods the rivers change their routes to a greater or lesser extent, altering the configuration of the floodplains. The floods destroy whole tracts of vegetation at various stages of growth, and the islands and sandbanks which emerge as the waters recede become sites for primary succession. Thus, every year, water wipes part of the slate clean and allows a new start to be made.
The freshly-exposed sandbanks are soon colonized by various species of grass. One of the first to arrive is usually Saccharum spontaneum, which can eventually grow to become 20 feet tall. Short, fast- growing grasses, and some creeping types, also invade, together with Herb's and shrubs. Among the trees the sishoo or Indian rosewood Dalbergia sissoo and the Khar or cutch Acacia catechu, colonizes the newly-created silt-beds almost as fast as fast as grass. Both these species stabilize the soil and create conditions favorable to other trees such as kapok Bombax ceiba, and thus the foundations of a new forest are laid.
Shade provided by the first trees creates a more suitable environment for smaller Herb's and shrubs and eventually a riverine type of forest dominates the grasslands. Patches of stable soil with exceptionally good drainage may even be taken over by sal.
Yet the speed of succession is strongly influenced by the second great controlling factor: fire. This strikes no less regularly than the monsoons.
Since time immemorial the aboriginal inhabitants of the valley have been burning the grasslands in winter and early spring, partly to ensure themselves a good, fresh growth of Imperata, the grass they use for thatching, and partly to harden the taller, cane-like grass reeds which they need for the walls for their houses. In the old days local people harvested grass and reeds whenever they wanted; now there is a limited season, usually in the first two or three weeks of January, in which the park authorities issue entry-permits to villagers at the nominal cost of 10 Rupees - less than 25 US cent - a head.
So important is the occasion in the lives of the local Tharus that they hold special festivals to mark the beginning and the end of the grass-cutting season. During this period more than 10,000 entry permits are issued, and thousands more illegal entrants no doubt poured into the park as part of the mass invasion.
To prevent poaching and illegal cutting of firewood, there is a rule that nobody may spend the night in the park. Thus hundreds of small temporary settlements suddenly spring up just outside the boundaries, so that the villagers, especially those who live some distance away, can hoard as much grass and reeds as possible during the period allocated. The Rapti and Narayani rivers become densely crowded with dug-out canoes and boats, which provide continual ferry services from the misty mornings until dusk.
Having collected what they need, the villagers set fire to the grasslands at random, without much supervision. Because, early in the year, many of the grass stands are still green, the first fires are relatively cool: they spread slowly, and are generally put out by the dewfall of winter nights. The numerous water- courses, open banks and artificially prepared clearings which act as fire breaks all help contain them.
By March and April, however, the grass is much drier, and now the fires spread much more quickly, fanned by the afternoon winds to such an extent that some areas are burned two or three times over. The flames spread into the riverine forests, and many young trees are destroyed; but they do not damage the mature trees. The effect of fire is not as devastating to vegetation as might be imagined; and on the plains, where the water-table is high, the grasses produce new shoots within 2 weeks. Although the rate of growth is not high early in the year, it is greatly accelerated by the occasional rains of April and May. By the time the monsoon has set in around mid-June, the new grasses are already 10 feet tall.
Fire appears to be integral to the ecology of Chitwan; if the grasslands were left unburned, the thick, matted stalks would inhibit new growth and create conditions suitable for trees to establish themselves. Burning is a traditional practice used to perpetuate grasslands and discourage trees from moving in. In the perpetuate grasslands and discourage trees from moving in. In the park, the natural plant succession is from grassland to forest, and burning retards this process. It has been established that grassland and riverine forest produce a greater animal biomass than the monotypic sal forest. Without fire to retard woody invasion, large grassland areas would very likely be taken over by forests, except on the low lying floodplains; wildlife populations, especially of ungulates and therefore of predators, would be likely to decline not only in numbers but also in quality.
The tall, coarse grasses have little food value once they have grown past the young, palatable stage. By the time they have flowered and are dying, most of their food has been transferred to their roots for storage. From the animals point of view, the main importance of dead or dying grass appears to be that it affords cover and shelter; but regrowth is so fast that this factor is regained in a few months after burning. Moreover, not all grass is burnt simultaneously, and animals can and do seek refuge in the sal forest and other areas.
All these factors indicate that, as far as the large mammals are concerned, the grassland-burning is an ecologically-sound exercise. It not only renders the grass edible for more months of the year, but also provides a period of maximum protein/fibre ratio. The herbivores readily move into recently-burned patches to feed on the succulent and nutritious new shoots. The existing mosaic of vegetation is, in part, a result of the fires, and it offers a variety of vegetation types that meets the food requirements of most ungulates.


text:
Clarkson Professors Receive Robot to Continue Human-Robot Handover Interaction Research
Left to right: Yijun Jiang, Graduate Student, Computer Science, Elim Schenck '21 Computer Science & Computer Engineering, Assistant Professors of Computer Science Natasha and Sean Banerjee
Clarkson University Computer Science Assistant Professors Natasha and Sean Banerjee recently received a new mobile grasp robot through a joint Facebook and Carnegie Mellon grant that will be used to further their research related to intuitive human-robot handover interactions.
The Banerjees are one of just 30 grant proposals to be awarded one of the robots, known as a LoCoBot. The robot will help the professors continue with their research on augmenting robots to be human-aware by using deep learning to automatically detect where humans prefer to hold objects and provide assistance with human awareness built-in.
"The driving force behind this research was that we are very rapidly moving toward a world where robots are going to be a part of our daily interactions, so it is really important for those robots to collaborate and cooperate with humans because it does not make sense for them to just be independent," said Natasha Banerjee. "We are spurring a new area of research on creating artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for robots that are human-aware. There is a pretty broad research area on human-robot interaction or HRI, but a lot of this research has focused on experimental or toy problems. My research makes novel contributions to HRI by assessing how to ensure a robot hands over an object to a human such that a human is comfortable holding it."
Banerjee said she has recently presented work that focuses on detecting where humans prefer to hold cups, and that research can help determine where robots should be gripping objects to best interact with humans.
"Let's say you have an elderly individual and they want assistance. A cup is at a height where they are not able to get it. If you had an assistive robot that had a gripper arm, then the robot should hold the cup around the body so the person can hold it around the handle, especially if there are hot contents. A robot's gripper is able to handle that heat better than a human hand," Banerjee said.
Banerjee said where her research is beginning to differ is that no one else is using a data-driven perspective, and most other researchers have only been looking at one object at a time, such as a bottle or a screwdriver.
"If you want these robots to be universally acceptable they have to be able to understand any object in your environment and predict where a human is likely to hold an object," she said.
Being able to predict this requires machine learning. Banerjee said she and her team are using a special brand of computational neural networks that help predict a distribution map that can indicate where humans are more likely to hold an object.
The robot is equipped with a camera that can be used to create an image that combines color and depth to tell the robot where it should prefer to hold an object based on where a human would hold it. The robot will analyze how to hold the object in places where a human would tend not to. This method can be used to create predictions for any average object.
The Banerjees work with three students on the project. Yijun Jiang is a computer science graduate student, who works on research for the project and comes up with algorithms to support the work. Elim Schenck is a double major in computer science and computer engineering, who supports the work of Jiang by helping develop algorithms and has been in charge of learning the controls for the robot. Electrical engineering student Jack Lamuraglia has been in charge of assembling the robotic platform and getting it running.
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